OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Chunakkara

Chunakkara is a village in Mavelikara Tahsil of Alappuzha district, in the Indian state of Kerala. It is located on the Kollam Theni Highway spanning in around 6 km (3.7 mi) in length along the highway. It is divided into 5 areas and 15 wards. It is located 10.5 km (6.5 mi) south from Mavelikara and 15 km (9.3 mi) west of Kayamkulam. Nearest railway stations are Kayamlulam railway station and Mavelikara railway station, both are accessible by public and private transports.

## Demographics

As per 2011 India census, Chunakkara had a population of 22,730, with 10,372 males and 12,358 females.

## Famous personalities

Malayalam poet and lyricist Chunakkara Ramankutty, and prominent film actor, producer and politician Mr. Mukesh are from Chunakkara.

## Place to visit

Chunakkara Thiruvayirur Mahadevar temple is a Lord Shiva temple located 2 km (1.2 mi) off the Kollam Theni Highway from Chunakkara Centre. An annual utsavavam (festival) is normally held between January and February.
# Sublingual space

The sublingual space is a fascial space of the head and neck (sometimes also termed fascial spaces or tissue spaces). It is a potential space located below the mouth and above the mylohyoid muscle, and is part of the suprahyoid group of fascial spaces.

## Location and structure
### Anatomic boundaries

The sublingual space is V-shaped, with the apex pointing to the anterior. Its boundaries are:
* the mucosa of the floor of mouth and the tongue superiorly
* the mylohyoid muscle inferiorly
* the medial surface of the mandible anterolaterally
* the muscles along the base of the tongue (geniohyoid and genioglossus muscles) posteriorly
* medially, the intrinsic muscles of the tongue and genioglossus separate the two halves of the sublingual space.

### Communications

The sublingual space communicates posteriorly around the posterior free border of the mylohyoid muscle with the submandibular space. Infections of the sublingual space may also erode through the mylohyoid, or spread via the lymphatics to the submandibular and submental spaces.

### Contents

The sublingual space contains:
* a number of blood vessels and nerves, e.g. the lingual artery and nerve, the hypoglossal nerve and the glossopharyngeal nerve.
* the sublingual salivary gland. Saliva from the sublingual gland drains through several small excretory ducts in the floor of the mouth. Sometimes a more distinctive duct can be recognized, known as Bartholin's duct.
* the deep part of the submandibular gland and the submandibular duct (Wharton's duct)
* some extrinsic tongue muscle fibers.

## Clinical relevance

This space may be created by pathology, such as the spread of pus in an infection, e.g. odontogenic infections. A periapical abscess may spread into the sublingual space if the apex of the tooth is above the level of attachment of mylohyoid, and the infection erodes through the lingual cortical plate of the mandible.
Signs and symptoms of a sublingual space infection might include a firm, painful swelling in the anterior part of the floor of the mouth. A sublingual abscess may elevate the tongue and cause drooling or dysphagia (difficulty swallowing). There is usually little swelling visible on the face outside the mouth.
If the space contains pus, the usual treatment is by incision and drainage. The site of the incision is intra-oral, made lateral to sublingual plica. Incision of the plica itself can result in a ranula, or an incision placed medial to the plica can damage Wharton's duct, the sublingual artery and veins and the lingual nerve.
Pathology arising from the sublingual gland is rare, however, sublingual gland neoplasms are predominantly malignant and thus important to recognize.
Ludwig's angina is a serious infection involving the submandibular, sublingual and submental spaces bilaterally. Ludwig's angina may extend into the pharyngeal and cervical spaces, and the swelling can compress the airway and cause dyspnoea (difficulty breathing). Collectively, the submandibular, sublingual and submental spaces are sometimes termed the perimandibular spaces, or the submaxillary space.
# Maghull railway station

Maghull railway station is a railway station in Maghull, a suburb of Liverpool, England. It is situated on the Ormskirk branch of the Northern Line of the Merseyrail network.

## History

The railway line between Walton Junction (near Liverpool) and Lostock Hall (near Preston) was proposed by the Liverpool, Ormskirk and Preston Railway, and was authorised by Act of Parliament on 18 August 1846. In October 1846, the company was leased to the East Lancashire Railway, which opened the line on 2 April 1849; among the original stations was that at Maghull.
Maghull was the last station on this branch in Merseyside before the county boundary with Lancashire, until Maghull North station opened in 2018.
Frank Hornby, the designer of Hornby model railways, lived in the Maghull area he based the design for all railway stations for small towns and villages in the Hornby Trainset on Maghull station.

## Facilities

There is a 275-space car park situated on the site. There is also a taxi rank at the station, toilets, a shelter on the Ormskirk platform and a heated indoor shelter on the Liverpool platform. The staffed ticket booth (open from start to end of service) is located in the M to GO shop on the Ormskirk platform and there is an automatic ticket machine on the Liverpool platform. Train running information is provided by digital display screens, automated announcements and timetable posters. Step-free access is available to both platforms. There is a cycle rack for six cycles and secure cycle storage for 34 cycles.

## Services

Trains operate between Ormskirk and Liverpool Central every 15 minutes during Monday to Saturday daytimes, and every 30 minutes in the evening and all day Sunday. The station is at street level and two small ramps provide access to the platforms. There is a level crossing at the south end (the only one on the Walton Junction to Ormskirk section) and a pedestrian footbridge linking each platform.

## Honours and awards

Maghull was the 2024 recipient of the World Cup of Stations, awarded by the Rail Delivery Group. The focus of the 2024 competition was "the variety of businesses found at railway stations".

## Gallery

* The car park at the station.
* The station platforms and footbridge.
* The station building, viewed from the platform.
* The station building, viewed from the car park.
# Giovanni Battista Belli-Bernasconi

Giovanni Battista Belli-Bernasconi (Ivan Petrovich Bernaskoni; Russian: Джиованни/Иван Петрович Бернаскони; 1770 – 16 November 1827) was a Russian architect born in Switzerland. He was the author of many classical buildings and architectural ensembles in Saint Petersburg and its surroundings.

## Early years

Giovanni Bernasconi was born Giovanni Battista Belli or Begli in 1770 in Camignolo, a settlement on the northern outskirts of Lugano in Switzerland’s Italian-speaking Ticino canton, and was adopted by Pietro Bernasconi di Bedano. The area, and the Bernasconi family in particular, had produced numerous artists and architects, active across Europe, in England, Spain, Italy and Germany, as well as several distant cousins who had also come to work in Russia.

## Career

Bernasconi came to the Russian capital Saint Petersburg in 1801, and submitted a project for the renovation of the city’s Saint Isaac’s Cathedral in 1809. Though the job ultimately went to the Frenchman Auguste de Montferrand, Bernasconi’s proposals won him recognition in Saint Petersburg’s architectural circles, and he was nominated as a member of the Imperial Academy of Arts in 1814. In Russia, he worked on various projects alongside Giacomo Quarenghi of Bergamo and Tommaso Adamini of Agra.
Barracks for an infantry regiment (1812). Bernasconi presented the plan and facade for the building to the Academy of Arts, for which he was recognised as a naznachennyy or "nominee" of the Academy.
Cathedral (1814). To gain the title of Academician, Andrey Voronikhin set Bernasconi the task of "drafting the plans for a building to house a provincial gymnasium". This project was never realised, and instead Bernasconi was admitted to the Academy for an ecclesiastical structure.
Priest's residence at Ilyinskaya Sloboda 15 (1827-1829). Bernasconi designed this extant Empire style two-storey residence for the clergymen of the adjacent Church of the Prophet Elijah at Porokhoviye, Saint Petersburg. The project was constructed under Zakhar Filippovich Krasnopevkov, and has a rusticated lower lower storey and classical facade. Having been used as a day nursery in the 1980s-1990s, the building has since been returned to the Orthodox Church and is used as a library and Sunday school. Several period features have been preserved, including decorations over the windows. Photos and plans may be found in the online report on the building's conservation status.

## Death

He died 16 November 1827 in Saint Petersburg of "ex articulari morbi". Serving as the executors of will were Giovanni Battista Lucchini di Montagnola and Gerolamo Rusca di Agno, master builders at Pavlovsk. His wife, Gioconda Rossetti was living in Bedano (near Lugano) at the time of his death, and the architect Domenico Quadri wrote her a letter dated 14 January 14, 1829, stating "I can tell you that we have made a pompous funeral, which will cost some money."
# Tampere Academic Symphony Orchestra

Tampereen akateeminen sinfoniaorkesteri (TASO, Tampere Academic Symphony Orchestra) is an amateur symphony orchestra in Tampere, Finland. It was founded in 2003 and provides a great opportunity for local university students - and others interested - to play in a full symphony orchestra. It consists of about 70 members - many of whom are students at the University of Tampere, Tampere University of Technology or Tampere University of Applied Sciences. TASO performs at least once every autumn and spring.

## History

The orchestra was first founded in 1998 as a string orchestra and it grew into a full symphony orchestra in 2003. Kimmo Tullila has been the conductor of the orchestra since the year 2000.
# Microcotyle guanabarensis

Microcotyle guanabarensis a species of monogenean, parasitic on the gills of a marine fish. It belongs to the family Microcotylidae.

## Systematics

Microcotyle guanabarensis was first described by Bravo-Hollis and Kohn in 1990 from the gills of Eucinostomus argenteus (Gerreidae) off Brazil.

## Morphology

Microcotyle guanabarensis has the general morphology of all species of Microcotyle, with a symmetrical body, comprising an anterior part which contains most organs and a posterior part called the haptor. The haptor is symmetrical, and bears numerous clamps, arranged as two rows, one on each side. The clamps of the haptor attach the animal to the gill of the fish.
There are also two buccal suckers at the anterior extremity. The digestive organs include an anterior, terminal mouth, a pharynx, an oesophagus and a posterior intestine with two lateral branches provided with numerous secondary branches.
Each adult contains male and female reproductive organs. The reproductive organs include an anterior genital atrium, armed with numerous very spines, a medio-dorsal vagina, a single ovary and a number of testes which are posterior to the ovary.

## Etymology

The specific name guanabarensis is derived from the type locality, Guanabara Bay.

## Hosts and localities

The type-host of Microcotyle guanabarensis is Eucinostomus argenteus (Gerreidae). The type-locality is off Rio de Janeiro (Brazil). Microcotyle guanabarensis was reported again from the type-host and locality.
# Nana Gichuru

Ephex Kanana Gichuru (14 December 1986 – 22 September 2015) was a Kenyan actress and TV host. She was popularly known as Nana Gichuru. As an actress she was known for her roles in television series Noose of Gold, Demigods and How to Find a Husband. As a host, she was to present Interior Designs, a Kenyan reality series, prior to her death. She was also a crew member for Kenya Airways. She had been married to Richard Wainaina just before her death.

## Career

Gichuru starred in several productions like Noose of Gold in 2010 and Demigods in 2011. Her latest production was a role in the comedy How to Find a Husband and the reality show Interior Designs

## Death

At approximately 10am on 22 September 2015, Nana was travelling in her BMW convertible on Eastern Bypass, Utawala, when her car rammed into a truck. She died on the spot. She died at the age of 28. Her death came ten days after she reportedly predicted her own death in her social media pages. Her memorial service was held on 30 September 2015 in Ruaraka Methodist Church. She was buried on 2 October 2015 in her hometown, Kaaga in Meru.

## Filmography

| Year | Title | Role | Notes | Network |
| 2008 | Sommer | Claire | TV Series - 1 episode | |
| 2010– | Noose of Gold | Felma | Main cast TV Series - 1 episode | NTV |
| 2011–12 | Demigods | Juliana | Main cast | NTV |
| 2015 | How to Find a Husband | Sylvia | Main cast TV Series - 1 episode | Maisha Magic East |
| 2015 | Interior Designs | Host | Pre-intended host, but she died before the premiere. | NTV |
# José Antonio Cabello

José Antonio Cabello Gil (born 21 July 1964) is a Mexican politician affiliated with the National Action Party. As of 2014 he served as Deputy of the LIX Legislature of the Mexican Congress as a plurinominal representative.
# Majholi

Majholi is a growing town and a nagar Parishad in Jabalpur district in the Indian state of Madhya Pradesh.

## Demographics

As of 2001 India census, Majholi had a population of 11,308. Males constitute 52% of the population and females 48%. Majholi has an average literacy rate of 65%, higher than the national average of 59.5%: male literacy is 75%, and female literacy is 54%. In Majholi, 15% of the population is under 6 years of age.

## Tourism

A major tourist attraction in Majholi is the Vishnu-Varaha Temple. It is an ancient temple from the 11th century CE, that has an elephant-sized Varaha statue. In front of the Varaha statue, an Adi Narayan statue rests. Behind the Adi Narayan, the serpent Shesha is sitting between front legs of Varaha. Behind Shesha, his wife is depicted. All four vedas are underneath four legs of Varaha.
# Dave Fairbank

David William Fairbank (born December 19, 1954) is an American former swimmer, Olympic champion, and former world record-holder. Fairbank represented the United States at the 1972 Summer Olympics in Munich, Germany. He swam for the winning U.S. teams in the preliminary heats of the men's 4×100-meter freestyle relay and 4×100-meter medley relay, but did not receive a medal for either event. Under the Olympic rules in effect in 1972, swimmers who competed in the qualifying heats, but not the final of relay events, were not eligible to receive a medal.
# Pashikovo

Pashikovo (Russian: Пашиково) is a rural locality (a village) in Vorobyovskoye Rural Settlement, Sokolsky District, Vologda Oblast, Russia. The population was 3 as of 2002.

## Geography

Pashikovo is located 72 km northeast of Sokol (the district's administrative centre) by road. Titovskoye is the nearest rural locality.
# Feimanka

The Feimanka (Polish: Fejmanka), a river (stream) in Latvia (Latgale, Preiļi Municipality), is the right tributary of the Dubna river. The 72 kilometres (45 mi) long Feimanka flows from Feimaņu ezers, passes through the city of Riebiņi and avoids the city of Preiļi from the north-west (about one and a half kilometers - one mi); main inflow - the Preiļupe. It flows into the Dubna in the village of Rožupe, about twelve kilometers before the latter's mouth to the Daugava.
# Quentin Gibson

Quentin Howieson Gibson FRS (9 December 1918 – 16 March 2011) was a Scottish American physiologist, and professor at the University of Sheffield, and Cornell University.

## Education

Gibson earned a Doctor of Medicine degree in 1944 and a Ph.D. in 1946, from Queen's University Belfast.

## Life

Gibson taught at the University of Sheffield from 1947. Whilst at the University of Sheffield Gibson met Audrey Jane Pinsent in 1951. They married, started a family, and eventually had four children. Jane Gibson continued working part-time whilst raising her family. In 1963 they emigrated to the United States, where she took up positions, first at the University of Pennsylvania. He succeeded (Sir) Hans Krebs as the Head of the Department of Biochemistry in 1955. In 1963 he left Sheffield to become a professor at the University of Pennsylvania. He was the Greater Philadelphia Professor at Cornell University, from 1965 to 1996. In 1982, he became a U.S. citizen.

## Research
### Hemoglobin

Gibson started his career with studies of hemoglobin, and continued with much other work on heme proteins.

### Medical and physiological work

In keeping with his medical qualifications, much of Gibson's early work had medical or physiological relevance.

### Cooperativity

During the period when protein and enzyme cooperativity was at the center of biochemical interest Gibson studied it in the context of abnormal hemoglobins.

### Rapid reactions

Gibson made major contributions to the development of methods for studying rapid reactions, and their application to hemoglobin.

### Other proteins

Other work concerned enzymes such as "diaphorase", glucose oxidase, cytochrome oxidase and peroxidase.

### Thermodynamics

Much of Gibson's work concerned questions of thermodynamics and equilibria, and in that context he participated in discussions about how to present thermodynamic data.

## Awards and honours

Gibson was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society in 1969. He was also a member of the National Academy of Sciences, and an associate editor of the Journal of Biological Chemistry from 1975 to 1994.
# Floß (river)

Floß is a river of Bavaria, Germany. It passes through the town Floß, and flows into the Waldnaab near Neustadt an der Waldnaab.
# Cunningham Sanitarium

The Cunningham Sanitarium was a health institution in Cleveland, Ohio. Led by Dr. Orval J. Cunningham from the University of Kansas the facility was constructed to offer oxygen therapy on a large scale. The main structure for delivery of the treatment was a 900-ton steel sphere built in 1928. Consisting of five stories, the sphere stood at 64 feet and contained 38 rooms. 350 portholes helped to illuminate the rooms. The building was funded and built by the Timken Roller Bearing Company and linked to the three-story sanitarium hotel. It opened on December 1, 1928.
Dr. Cunningham chose to build the sanitarium at 18485 Lake Shore Boulevard near East 185th Street. The site, along the shore of Lake Erie, was chosen for its aesthetics. Dr. Cunningham believed that he could treat cancer and diabetes with hyperbaric medicine.
Dr. Cunningham sold the site to James Rand Jr., son of one of the co-founders of Remington Rand and protégé of Cunningham, in 1934. Rand reopened the buildings the following year as the Ohio Institute of Oxygen Therapy, making use of the unique facility. It did not last long and was soon turned into a general hospital under the name Boulevard Hospital. Financial problems led to its closure in 1937 and the site lay dormant until it was bought by the Roman Catholic Diocese of Cleveland. The Cunningham Sanitarium building was razed on March 31, 1942, and the steel was used in the war effort. In 1950 the ground on which the sphere stood was turned into a school, St. Joseph High School, now the Villa Angela-St. Joseph High School. The main building was used as a hospital, Catholic Youth Organization headquarters and orphanage before becoming the St. Joseph Christian Life Center. This building was razed in 2010 and the property is used for green space by the Hospice of the Western Reserve, which owns the land.
# Gone in 60 Seconds (bank fraud)

Gone in 60 Seconds was a fraud scheme uncovered in 2012 involving the theft of over $1 million from Citibank using cash advance kiosks at casinos located in Southern California and Nevada.

## Working scheme

Ara Keshishyan and accomplices opened CitiBank checking accounts, funding them with an initial balance. The group then traveled to various casinos and all made large withdrawals from bank kiosks simultaneously, exploiting a glitch that allowed them access to multiple times the funds of their initial balance.
After garnering a sizable sum of money, allegedly illegally, from cash-advance kiosks, the suspects went on gambling sprees at casinos. Some casinos gave them free rooms after mistaking them for people who spent a lot of money legitimately. The gang reportedly also kept each individual withdrawal below $10,000, which is the threshold at which casinos must report the transaction to federal authorities.
When Citibank noticed the discrepancies, it alerted the authorities, leading to an FBI-led investigation that resulted in the arrest of the suspects in a series of raids in southern California.

## Charging by FBI

Beginning in 2018, fifteen individuals were charged following an FBI-led investigation into the theft of over $1 million from Citibank using cash advance kiosks at casinos located in Southern California and Nevada. FBI agents assisted by the Glendale Police Department and the Los Angeles Police Department arrested 14 of the defendants in the Los Angeles area.
Ara Keshishyan, the alleged ringleader of the operation, was accused of 14 cases of bank fraud, with each charge potentially punishable with up to 30 years imprisonment and a $1 million fine. He entered a guilty plea to the charges in federal court on June 10, 2014, and on September 12 of that year was sentenced to 57 months' imprisonment. The other 13 group members faced up to five years in prison and $250,000 in fines on charges of conspiracy to commit bank fraud and conspiracy to illegally structure financial transactions to avoid reporting requirements. Twelve of his co-conspirators also pleaded guilty and received sentences ranging from probation to twelve months and one day's imprisonment, along with varying amounts of restitution due. One suspect remained a fugitive as of 2014.
# Candice Farmer

Candice Farmer (born c. 1970) is an underwater fashion and beauty photographer, based in Uckfield, England. She is known professionally by the mononym, Candice.

## Photography

Farmer gained a National Diploma and Higher National Diploma in photography at Plymouth College of Art and Design. The course included a module on underwater photography which she has since specialised in. She also studied business studies.
Farmer had her first exhibition in 2001.
She was the recipient of a Shell LiveWIRE award, an enterprise scheme to help support young entrepreneurs into business.
Farmer has worked commercially for British Airways and provided fashion stills for a PBS documentary on "How Art Made the World". She also worked for the department store Harrods, the skin cream brand Nivea, the supermarket chain Sainsbury's, the British retailer W H Smith, the British retailer FHM, and the fashion magazines Cosmopolitan, GQ, Harper’s & Queen, Vogue, Elle and Marie Claire.

## Fresh2o

In 2004 Farmer founded the clean drinking water initiative Fresh2o, intended to raise awareness and funding for fresh water projects. As part of her campaign she has created a series of celebrity photographs to highlight the cause, including as models Keira Knightley, Kelly Brook, Sir Nick Faldo, Nicko McBrain and Tamzin Outhwaite. Supporters also include Janet Jackson, Jay Kay, Will Smith, Ellen Whitaker, Bear Grylls, and Zac Efron.

## Personal life

Candice is a professional diver and accomplished show-jumper, having competed in Switzerland for many years and now in the UK.