OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Schrödinger's Kitten

Schrödinger's Kitten is a 1988 novella by American writer George Alec Effinger, which won a Hugo Award, a Nebula Award, a Theodore Sturgeon Award and the Japanese Seiun Award.
The story utilizes a form of the many-worlds hypothesis, and is named after the Schrödinger's cat thought experiment. It first appeared in Omni.

## Plot summary

The story follows a Middle-Eastern woman, Jehan Fatima Ashûfi, through various realities, ranging from one in which she is raped when still a girl, subsequently abandoned by her family and dies alone, to one in which she is sentenced to death for killing her would-be rapist and being unable to pay the "blood price" to his family, and another in which she becomes a physicist and companion to well-known German scientists ranging from Heisenberg to Schrödinger, and subsequently prevents the Nazis from developing nuclear weapons during World War II by simply forwarding "unintelligible scientific papers" to key politicians looking into the idea.
She is, unusually, aware of the existence of these realities, which she perceives as "visions" and assumes might come to her from Allah. Throughout different points in the story, the adult Jehan of some realities struggles to reconcile her religious upbringing and "visions" with her scientific profession; in the end, however, an aged Jehan finds satisfaction in the explanation of Hugh Everett's theory regarding the possibility of alternate realities, which fits with her personal experiences.

## Awards and nominations

Schrödinger's Kitten won the Hugo Award for Best Novelette in 1989, as well as a Nebula Award, Theodore Sturgeon Award and the Seiun Award.
# Woden Interchange

Woden Interchange was located in Woden Town Centre, Canberra, Australia, adjacent to Westfield Woden. It was served by ACTION and CDC Canberra services.

## History

In March 1972, the National Capital Development Commission awarded Leighton Contractors a contract to build Woden bus station. It opened on 4 December 1972. On 6 December 1982, an upgrade was completed that doubled its size and included heated waiting rooms. This increased the number of bus platforms from 15 single-bus bays to 17 mostly double-bus bays. In 1994, a further upgrade was completed.
Having been named Woden bus station since it opened, in April 2019 it was renamed Woden Interchange. It is to be replaced by a new interchange with a Canberra Institute of Technology campus to open on the old site in 2025. It closed on 29 January 2023 with a temporary facility opened to the north pending completion of a permanent replacement as part of the Woden light rail station.

## Services

Woden Interchange was served by ACTION and CDC Canberra services.
# Geoje Ban clan

Geoje Ban clan (Korean: 거제 반씨; Hanja: 巨濟 潘氏) is a Korean clan.
Their Bon-gwan is in Geoje, South Gyeongsang Province. As of 2015, Geoje Ban contained 12 814 members. Their founder was Ban bu [ja], descended of Ji Sun, a son of Gao, Duke of Bi (a 15th son of Wen, a 3rd King of Zhou). After passing the Imperial examination with the top result, Ban bu attended Hanlin Academy, and worked as minister of civil service affairs (吏部尚書, Lìbu Shangshu) in the Song dynasty during the reign of Emperor Lizong.
After this, Ban bu entered Goryeo kingdom as a fatherly master of Princess Jeguk, who had a marriage to an ordinary person planned by Chungnyeol of Goryeo and worked as Jeongdang munhak (Hanja: 政堂文學). Ban bu also joined in with the Mongol invasions of Japan due to Gim Bang gyeong [ja]’s command. Ban bu retired at 65 years old.
Ban bu died in Geoje. His descendant officially started Geoje Ban clan.
# Yappin' Yinzers

Yappin' Yinzers is a line of talking plush dolls with exaggerated stereotypical Pittsburgh mannerisms and speech patterns, a personality type called Yinzer. They are designed to "represent the epitome of Yinzerdom"
Yappin' Yinzers were invented by Alex Kozak, a manager at software company called CombineNet. He is a native of Pittsburgh who grew up in West Homestead and Bethel Park, Pennsylvania. His parents are the children of Ukrainian immigrants. He graduated from Duquesne University.
Chipped Ham Sam was the first Yappin' Yinzer issued; he sports a mullet, jean shorts, and a Pittsburgh Steelers jersey. One of his recorded sayings in "I'm goin' dahn a sahside ta drink some arns 'n'at." Later, Nebby Debbie was added.
Kozak developed Yappin' Yinzers in 2006 after having a difficult time explaining the concept of "yinzer" to out-of-state business associates. He recorded the voices himself. By October 2007, the Yappin' Yinzers were available for sale at 30 locations. They cost $19.95. They have been on sale at the Heinz History Center. Within the first year, 3,500 were sold. Much of the interest came from Pittsburgh expatriates. As of January 2014, Pittsburgh Tribune-Review reported that the Yappin' Yinzers "continue to be big sellers."
Kozak has begun expanding the offerings to similar dolls across other American cities under the title of Talkin' Townies. In 2012, Colliquial Enterprises developed a second line of dolls based on stereotypical localized culture, this time Beantown Sully with Boston accent and mannerisms. He later showed how to become a sigma.
In her book Speaking Pittsburghese: The Story of a Dialect, Barbara Johnstone, Professor of Rhetoric at Carnegie Mellon University dedicated an entire section to explaining why Yappin' Yinzers represent "Characterological Figures" of the social identity of "yinzers."
# Zmiivska thermal power plant

The Zmiivska thermal power station (Ukrainian: Зміївська ТЕС) was a large thermal power plant (TEC) in Slobozhanske, Chuhuiv Raion, Kharkiv Oblast, Ukraine. It is one of Ukraine's largest power plants. It is operated by Centrenergo. It had an installed capacity of 2,400 MWe and was mostly fuelled by coal. The plant was mostly destroyed during the 22 March 2024 Russian strikes on Ukraine.

## History

The construction of the power plant was approved in 1955 and it started operations in 1960.
During the Russian invasion of Ukraine, the plant was damaged by Russian shelling in September 2022. Four civilian workers at the power plant were killed, and electricity and water delivery was affected. The damage was repaired later.
In 2023, the plant was fortified against war damage, with additions of protective structures around critical elements of the plant's facilities, which was supposed to protect them against "rocket fragments, indirect UAV attacks" and similar threats.
During the 22 March 2024 Russian strikes on Ukraine, the plant sustained major damage due to Russian bombardment, and has since been described as "destroyed". Centrenergo, who operates the plant, noted that due to extensive damage, repairs will take a long time and require international aid.
In the immediate aftermath of the attack, power outages affected some 700,000 of the region inhabitants; several days later, over 100,000 were still affected and an hourly blackout schedule had to be implemented. Zmiivska plant was one of several energy infrastructure objects damaged during the 22 March attacks; three days after the attack, the combined heat and power plant Kharkiv TEC-5 was stated to have ceased operation due to the damage it had suffered during the attack.
# Crossed Signals

Crossed Signals is a 1926 American silent action film directed by J.P. McGowan and starring Helen Holmes, Henry Victor and Georgie Chapman.

## Cast

* Helen Holmes as Helen Wainwright
* Henry Victor as Jack McDermott
* Georgie Chapman as Overland Ike
* William Lowery as George Harvey
* Milla Davenport as Mother Slattery
* Nelson McDowell as Mike Bradley
* Clyde McAtee as T.P. Steele
* Slim Whitaker as Henchman
uncredited
* Charlotte Greenwood as Mother with baby at train station
# Marie Laveau (song)

"Marie Laveau" is a song written by Shel Silverstein and Baxter Taylor. First recorded by Dr. Hook & The Medicine Show on their 1971 album Doctor Hook, a 1974 live recording by Bobby Bare went to number one for a single week and spent a total of 18 weeks on the country charts. It was his 34th single on the charts, his only number one and final top ten country hit.
The song is about a fictitious and ugly witch who lived in the Louisiana bayous in a hollow log with a one-eyed snake and a three-legged dog, having the same name as the famous New Orleans voodoo priestess, and who, armed with a magic black cat tooth and mojo bone, could make men disappear with a horrific screech. On the night of a new moon, "Handsome Jack" arrives and offers her a deal: if she conjures up $1,000,000 for him, he will marry her. After he receives the money, he backs out of the deal claiming that she is too ugly for a rich man like him; in retaliation, she screeches, and Jack disappears. The song concludes with the singer cautioning any listening man that, should they ever encounter Marie and receive an offer of marriage, to accept it and live with her in the swamp for the rest of their lives, or run the risk of being vanished.
Other recorded versions are by Girl Trouble on their album Thrillsphere (1990) and The Blue Dogs on Music for Dog People (1991).

## Chart performance

| Chart (1974) | Peak position |
| U.S. Billboard Hot Country Singles | 1 |
| Canadian RPM Country Tracks | 1 |
# Ivor Owen Thomas

Ivor Owen Thomas (5 December 1898 – 11 January 1982) was a British trade unionist and Labour Party politician.
Thomas was the son of Benjamin L. Thomas from Briton Ferry in South Wales. He was educated at Vernon Place School in Briton Ferry. He was employed as a barber's lather boy, and then at Gwalia Tinplate Works from 1912 to 1918, when he was called up for WW1 military service. As a conscientious objector, he refused, and spent a year in prison. Thomas was an engine cleaner on the Great Western Railway from 1919 to 1923. He won a scholarship to the Central Labour College in London, where he studied from 1923 to 1925, then worked at the head office of the National Union of Railwaymen until 1945.
Thomas was a Labour Party councillor on Battersea Metropolitan Borough Council from 1928 or 1929 to 1945. At the 1945 general election he was elected as the Member of Parliament (MP) for The Wrekin in Shropshire. He was re-elected in 1950 and 1951, holding the seat until defeat, by 478 votes, at the 1955 general election in favour of the Conservative William Yates.
He then returned to work at the NUR headquarters until 1958, and worked for British Rail at London Waterloo station from 1960 to 1965.
There is a road named after him in the village of St Georges, situated in Telford (formerly the Wrekin constituency). (Ivor Thomas Road, St George's, Telford, TF2 9EZ, q.v., Google Maps)

## Personal life

In 1929, Thomas married Beatrice Davis, daughter of William Davis. They had one daughter.
Beatrice died in 1978, and Thomas died in 1982, aged 83.
# Beaver Hall

Beaver Hall was a country house in Middlesex, England. It was set in grounds of around 40 acres (16 ha) that stood to the east and south of the current Waterfall Road, then known as Waterfall Lane and Church Hill, near the old centre of Southgate. The grounds stretched as far south as the Pymmes Brook where Arnos Park was later built. Beaver Hall was acquired by John Walker of the Taylor-Walker brewing family in 1870. The house was demolished in 1871 and the grounds merged into the adjacent Arnos Grove estate.

## The house

According to Nikolaus Pevsner's The Buildings of England, the house was built in the 1760s, possibly to a design by the architect Sir Robert Taylor who also worked on Arnos Grove house. It stood near the corner of the modern Waterfall Road and Chandos Avenue.
It was drawn and engraved by John Hassell in 1804 at which time it was the home of the merchant and shipowner John Locke. Subsequently, it was the home of the Schneider family, who moved to England from Switzerland in the eighteenth century. Henry Schneider, industrialist and politician, was born there in 1817 to the merchant John Henry Powell Schneider (c. 1768 – 1861) and his second wife, Elizabeth Moule.
The house was occupied by the railway contractor Joseph Thornton (1804–1889) and his family from at least 1858. The 1861 census shows him there with his wife Amelia and six children (one visiting with her husband), a governess, lady's maid, nurse, cook, butler, footman, and four other maids.

## Demolition

The house and its grounds were acquired by John Walker of the Taylor-Walker brewing family in 1870. The house was demolished in May 1871 and the grounds merged into the adjacent Arnos Grove estate as part of what Alan Dumayne called a "private green belt" policy of the Walkers of acquiring neighbouring estates and demolishing the house in order to prevent local development. The Walkers had done the same with the adjacent Minchington Hall in the 1850s.
The stone from the house and many of the fittings were used in the construction of Stone Hall in Church Hill, Winchmore Hill, in 1872.
# David Mulica

David Mulica (born March 17, 1949) is a former American cyclist. He competed in the team pursuit event at the 1972 Summer Olympics.
# Freemasons' Tavern

The Freemasons' Tavern was established in 1775 at 61–65 Great Queen Street in the West End of London. It served as a meeting place for a variety of notable organisations from the 18th century until it was demolished in 1909 to make way for the Connaught Rooms.

## History

In 1769, the Premier Grand Lodge of England decided to build a Central Hall. A building was purchased in Great Queen Street in 1775 and Thomas Sandby was tasked with building a hall in the garden. The original house became the tavern with a second house providing office space for the Freemasons. In 1813 the Premier Grand Lodge and rival Ancient Grand Lodge of England merged to form the United Grand Lodge of England.
The hall was not only used for Masonic purposes, but also became an important venue in London for a variety of meetings and concerts. Organisations using the hall included:
* Political Economy Club
* African Institution
* British and Foreign Anti-Slavery Society, for the World Anti-Slavery Convention in 1840
* British and Foreign Bible Society
* Fund for the Relief of the Suffering Clergy of France in the British Dominions
* Highland and Island Emigration Society
* The Football Association (FA) held its first meeting here on 26 October 1863
* Geological Society of London was founded here in 1807

## Connaught Rooms

In 1909 the Grand Lodge demolished most of the Freemasons' Tavern and replaced it over succeeding decades with a new building designed by H. V. Ashley and Winton Newman, who also designed the adjoining Freemasons' Hall. The new building, costing £30,000, was named the Connaught Rooms after the Lodge's Grand Master, Prince Arthur, Duke of Connaught and Strathearn.
After a further renovation by Friendly Hotels (later the Real Hotel Company) in the 1980s it reopened as the New Connaught Rooms, a hotel and conference centre. The art deco Grand Hall can seat 800 conference delegates. When the Real Hotel Company collapsed in 2009, Principal Hayley Group bought the venue, renamed it the Grand Connaught Rooms, and in 2016 placed it in its De Vere brand. In 2010 it became Grade II* listed.
# Psephophorus

Psephophorus is an extinct genus of sea turtle that lived from the Oligocene to the Pliocene. Its remains have been found in Europe, Africa, North America, and New Zealand. It was first named by Hermann von Meyer in 1847, and contains seven species, P. polygonus, P. calvertensis, P. eocaenus, P. oregonesis, P. californiensis, P. rupeliensis, P. scaldii, and a species discovered in 1995, P. terrypratchetti.
Psephophorus is the only Miocene dermochelyid turtle found in Europe. One species of Psephophorus could measure up to ten feet in length.

## Discovery and identification

Von Meyer originally named Psephophorus in 1846. At first he was unable to identify the creature beyond its dermal plates, but when he later received a drawing he was able to describe the specimen, which was then in Pressburg, as a fragment of a carapace, which contained seventy bones.
In 1879, H. G. Seeley was asked to study the Psephophorus specimen by Franz Ritter von Hauer, the Director of the Austro-Hungarian Imperial and Royal Geological Survey. Up until then, the specimen's identity had been undeterminable, with even Seeley describing it at first to seem like "the dermal covering of an Edentate closely allied to the Armadilloes." Seeley examined some bone fragments and concluded the specimen was that of a reptilian creature, furthermore a chelonid. It also proved to be more closely related to Sphargis than any other type in the Chelonian order.

## Relation to modern Leatherback sea turtles

For a long time, modern Leatherback sea turtles (Dermochelys) were believed to be descended directly from Psephophorus, specifically the species P. polygonus. However, a 1996 analysis by Wood et al. proved that most of the taxa in the two genera were not connected, meaning Psephophorus could not be a direct ancestor of the modern leatherbacks. The platelets on Psephophorus are quite similar to those on Dermochelys, despite differences in outer morphology and size. The platelet comprises an external compact layer and an internal zone of cancellous bone.

## Species

* Psephophorus polygonus is the type species, and was discovered by von Meyer in 1846. Fossils of the species have shown bony, carapacial ridges, adjacent, small and polygonal bony ossicles which measure about 22 × 25 mm. When the ossicles extend further along the longitudinal axis, their size increases up to an average of 33 × 41 mm.
* Psephophorus calvertensis was first named by Palmer in 1909. It was so named for being found in the Calvert Formation. P. calvertensis is a rarely found specimen.
* Psephophorus eocaenus was first named by Andrews in 1901.
* Psephophorus californiensis was first named by Gilmore in 1937.
* Psephophorus terrypratchetti was discovered in the 1990s by Richard Köhler in New Zealand and named in 1995 after the author Terry Pratchett, who wrote a series of fantasy books set on a world carried on the back of a giant turtle. This species reached 2.3–2.5 m (7.5–8.2 ft) in body length which is more than 80% bigger than P. eocaenus.
# Ham House, Newham

Ham House was a building in what is now the Upton Cross area of Newham, east London. It was first recorded in 1670 as Rooke Hall or Rookes Hall, a mid-16th century building, which was later renamed Upton House. Admiral John Elliot sold it in 1762 to John Fothergill, a Quaker doctor and botanist. In the late 1780s it was renamed Ham House to avoid confusion with another Upton House on what is now the corner of Lancaster Road and Upton Lane. Ham House was bought by Samuel Gurney in 1812. It was demolished in 1872 and its grounds opened to the public as West Ham Park in 1874.
# St James Duke's Place

St James Duke's Place was an Anglican parish church in the Aldgate ward of the City of London It was established in the early 17th century, rebuilt in 1727 and closed and demolished in 1874.

## History

The area which was to become Duke's Place was occupied until its dissolution in 1531 by the Priory of Holy Trinity, Christ Church. Henry VIII then gave the land to Sir Thomas Audley who cleared it and built houses on the site, although fragments of the medieval buildings still survived at the beginning of the nineteenth century. The area was eventually inherited by Audley's son-in-law, the Duke of Norfolk, from whom the name "Duke's Place" is derived.
In the early 17th century the residents of the former priory precinct, finding worship at St Katherine Cree "uncongenial" sought permission from the king, James I to build a parish church for themselves. Permission was granted, and the new church, dedicated to St James in tribute to the king, was consecrated on 2 January 1622. The patronage of the new church belonged to the lord mayor and commonalty of London, and the parish claimed exemption from the Bishop of London in ecclesiastical matters. It was notable in the late 17th century as a "marriage factory", with multiple ceremonies each day.
The church survived the Great Fire of London, but fell into disrepair and was rebuilt in 1727, retaining much of the original woodwork. George Godwin, writing in 1839, called it "a plain warehouse like construction of brick, quite unworthy of description". It was 65 feet long and 42 feet wide, and divided into nave and aisles by wooden columns supporting entablatures and a flat ceiling. The stained glass in the east window, included the arms of Sir Edward Barkham, the Lord Mayor who had been instrumental in the establishment of the church. There was a tower; Godwin suspected its trefoil openings were survivals from the priory building. An organ ("exceedingly small", according to Godwin ) was installed in 1815 and the church restored in 1823.
The poverty of the area and its increasing Jewish population made it increasingly difficult to raise funds to maintain the church; Godwin described it as being "in a very dirty and dilapidated state". In 1874, under the 1860 Union of Benefices Act, it was demolished and the parish joined to that of St Katherine Cree. The site of the church is now occupied by the Sir John Cass School.
# St Martin Outwich

St Martin Outwich was a parish church in the City of London, on the corner of Threadneedle Street and Bishopsgate. Of medieval origin, it was rebuilt at the end of the 18th century and demolished in 1874.

## Early history

A church of St Martin was built in the 14th century at the expense of members of the Oteswich family, from whom the church derives its name. The church escaped the Great Fire of 1666, but fell into decay, and was badly damaged in a fire of 1765 which destroyed fifty houses. The medieval church had a nave and south aisle, with a western tower.
The patronage was in the hands of the earls of Surrey and then of the Outeswich family, until it was transferred to the Merchant Taylors' Company.

## Rebuilding

In 1796 an act of Parliament was obtained to allow the parish to raise money to rebuild the church. The Merchant Taylors gave £500, and the Corporation of the City of London and the South Sea Company gave £200 each towards the total cost of £5, 256. The first stone was laid on 4 May of that year, and the new building, to the designs of Samuel Pepys Cockerell, was consecrated in November 1798. A new organ was provided by George Pike England in 1805.
Cockerell's church was oval in plan, with a recess at the east end forming the chancel. The walls were decorated with pilasters, from the capitals of which rose a coved ceiling, pierced by four semi-circular windows. A fifth window, over the altar, contained stained glass coats-of-arms from the medieval church. Several monuments from the old church were also preserved, including one to John Outeswich and his wife. There was a fresco of the Ascension by John Francis Rigaud over the altar, which had deteriorated badly within ten years of being painted. When the church was first built the pulpit was at the west end, with the pews facing away from the altar. The pulpit was moved to the west end as part of a programme of repairs and alterations by Charles Barry in 1827.
The heavily rusticated east front (illustrated above), facing into Bishopsgate, was described by James Peller Malcolm as "a complete representation of a gaol, accompanied by marks of extreme strength, very ill suited to its diminutive outline." The north side, towards Threadneedle Street, was very plain.

## Demolition

The church was demolished in 1874 and its parish united with that of St Helen's Bishopsgate. Eighteen monuments were moved into St Helen's before St Martin's was destroyed. while the bell was given to St. Andrew's Church, Fulham. A churchyard in Camomile Street was given to the church in 1540. It survives as a garden in the courtyard of an office block.
Proceeds from the sale of the church were used to fund the construction of Holy Trinity Church, Dalston, designed by Ewan Christian and constructed in 1878–79.