OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Castle Alcázar of Segorbe

Castle Alcázar of Segorbe was an alcázar (palace or castle) located on the slopes of Sopeña in the town of Segorbe, in the Valencian Community of Spain. Very little remains of the original alcázar, but the large complex was a residence of lords, dukes and kings for over a millennium.

## History

Arabs from the Baraní family of the Sinhala Confederacy built the first fortress. After the Muslim king of Valencia, Zayd Abu Zayd, converted to Christianity and declared himself an ally and vassal of King James I of Aragon, he ceded the fortress to James in 1229 and became governor general of Valencia on his behalf. The castle became a sanctuary for Zayd Abu Zayd himself when he was killed by Dynamil Zayyan until James captured the castle in 1245, and placed Abu Zayd in command of an army to assist in the retaking of Valencia.
The castle had a peak in the 14th and 15th centuries, culminating in the holding of General Courts by King Martin of Aragon, who had made the city his residence.
Among the most notable rulers of Segorbe are Doña Maria de Luna, Queen of Aragon, wife to King Martin (through whom the Segorban Alcázar became a royal residence), and the first Duke of Segorbe, Enrique de Aragón y Pimentel, who was responsible for several improvements to the castle. These included building new quarters, decorating the Our Lady of La Leche chapel with rich ornaments (which are currently in the cathedral museum), adding a hot tub and pool, and adding marble columns. Martín de Viciana noted that it was "very beautiful with many pieces and beautiful and good-styled rooms."
In 1784, urban expansion of Segorbe beyond the original medieval fortifications required further construction, and new walls were built. After the works were completed, the new walls had eight gates known as Teruel, Argén, Sopeña, Cárrica, Castellnovo, Valencia, la Maza, and Altura.
# USS Richland (YFD-64)

USS Richland (YFD-64/AFDM-8) was an AFDM-3-class medium auxiliary floating drydock built in California for the U.S. Navy. Originally named USS YFD-64, she was towed to the Philippines and Guam where she served until war's end.
In 1946 she was placed back into service to support submarine maintenance at Guam for the next forty years.

## History
### United States Navy
#### Construction

The second ship to be so named by the Navy, Richland (AFDM-8) was built by the Chicago Building & Iron Co., Eureka, California, and commissioned as YFD-64 on 28 November 1944.

#### World War II

Drydock YFD-64 remained on the west coast until 15 December 1944 when she was towed to Pearl Harbor. On 25 January 1945 she was towed into Eniwetok and then on to Ulithi. She was next towed to San Pedro Bay where she worked until November when she was towed to Guam. She decommissioned there on 8 June 1946.

#### Post-war reactivation and service

YFD-64 was redesignated AFDM-8 on 1 August 1946, placed in service at Guam on 1 January 1947. The floating drydock supported Fleet Ballistic Missile submarine maintenance at Guam for over forty years. She was named Richland on 6 April 1968.

### Dispositioning at end of service

The drydock was struck from the Navy List on 22 August 1997 and transferred to the local redevelopment authority in Guam on 6 April 1999.

### Transfer to the Philippines

After its service with the U.S. Navy, Richland became an asset owned by Guam Shipyard. The drydock was reportedly bought from Guam Shipyard in January 2016 to an undisclosed buyer. Richland was then moved to the Philippines. On January 28, 2016, local tugboats and the 467-ton Philippine tug Rhocas began moving the drydock an operation that would take several days.
It was later reported that Philippine maritime service provider Harbor Star Shipping Services bought the floating drydock, and was also providing the towing from Guam to the Philippines.
October 2017 Currently waiting for repair, in RRYD, yacht and ship repair, AFAB, Mariveles, Bataan. Coincidentally is same location for the Zero KM Bataan Death March Marker

## Honors and awards

Qualified Richland personnel were eligible for the following:
* American Campaign Medal
* Asiatic-Pacific Campaign Medal
* World War II Victory Medal
* National Defense Service Medal
# Bridge of Orchy railway station

Bridge of Orchy railway station is a railway station in the village of Bridge of Orchy in the west of Scotland. The station is on the West Highland Line, between Rannoch and Upper Tyndrum, 48 miles 68 chains (78.6 km) from Craigendoran Junction, near Helensburgh. ScotRail manage the station and operate most services, with others provided by Caledonian Sleeper.

## History

This station opened by the West Highland Railway on 7 August 1894.
The station was host to a LNER camping coach from 1935 to 1939 and possibly one for some of 1934.

## Facilities

The island platform is only equipped with shelters and bike racks, although there is a car park. The only access to the station is via a stepped subway, so there is no step-free access. As there are no facilities to purchase tickets, passengers must buy one in advance, or from the guard on the train.

## Passenger volume

Passenger Volume at Bridge of Orchy :
| | 2002–03 | 2004–05 | 2005–06 | 2006–07 | 2007–08 | 2008–09 | 2009–10 | 2010–11 | 2011–12 | 2012–13 | 2013–14 | 2014–15 | 2015–16 | 2016–17 | 2017–18 | 2018–19 | 2019–20 | 2020–21 | 2021–22 | 2022–23 |
| Entries and exits | 4,916 | 4,941 | 5,112 | 5,108 | 5,966 | 5,690 | 5,416 | 6,192 | 5,890 | 5,726 | 5,932 | 6,024 | 5,880 | 5,680 | 6,032 | 6,490 | 5,906 | 986 | 4,126 | 5,390 |
The statistics cover twelve month periods that start in April.

## Services

Monday to Saturday, Bridge of Orchy has three ScotRail services to Mallaig and three services to Glasgow Queen Street. Caledonian Sleeper operate one service each day, each way to Fort William and London Euston (except Saturday nights). On Sundays, there are two services northbound to Mallaig and two southbound to Glasgow Queen Street, as well as the Caledonian Sleeper to London Euston. This can also be used by regular travellers to and from stations towards Edinburgh, as it is booked to set down at some stations and carries seating coaches as far as Edinburgh.
| Preceding station | National Rail | National Rail | National Rail | Following station |
| Rannoch | | ScotRail West Highland Line | | Upper Tyndrum |
| Rannoch | | Caledonian Sleeper Highland Caledonian Sleeper | | Upper Tyndrum |
| | Historical railways | Historical railways | Historical railways | |
| Tyndrum | | North British Railway West Highland Railway | | Gorton |
# Jalalpur Bhattian

Jalalpur Bhattian (Urdu: جلال پُور بهٹياں), is a city in the Hafizabad District of Pakistan. Jalalpur Bhattian is located 5 kilometres (3.1 mi) southeast of the Chenab River, 96.2 kilometres (59.8 mi) by road northeast of Faisalabad.
# Dominion of Canada Rifle Association

The Dominion of Canada Rifle Association (DCRA; French: Association de Tir Dominion du Canada) is a Canadian shooting sports organization governing fullbore target rifle disciplines. The Association was founded in 1868 and incorporated by an Act of Parliament 63-64 Victoria Chapter 99, assented to July 7, 1900, to promote and encourage the training of marksmanship throughout Canada.
DCRA isa member of the International Confederation of Fullbore Rifle Associations and sends teams to World Championships every four years. As of 2022, DCRA teams had won the Palma Trophy four times for Canada - in 1901; 1967; 1972 and 1982.

## History

On April 1, 1868, Adjutant General of the Militia General MacDougall called a meeting in Ottawa, where it was decided to form the Dominion of Canada Rifle Association, bringing together thirty three disparate associations.
The first Annual Prize Meeting was held just outside Montreal. In excess of 900 competitors turned up to compete for $5,500 in prize money (equivalent to nearly $200,000 in 2022). The DCRA has continued to hold prize meetings every year since, except during the two World Wars. The Rideau Range near Ottawa served as the national range until 1897. In 1898 the Meeting moved to Rockcliffe, which permitted shooting from 200 to 1000 yards with room for extension back to 2000.
The DCRA erected a plaque in 1906 at St. Andrew's Presbyterian Church in Ottawa which is dedicated to Lt Colonel John MacPherson (1830-1906), who served as its treasurer for 36 years. In 1921, the Association moved again to Connaught Ranges, which they were granted the use of in perpetuity. The DCRA erected a memorial plaque at the DCRA building at the Connaught Ranges (Shirley's Bay) which is dedicated in memory of the members of the DCRA who gave their lives in World War II.

### Macdonald Stewart Pavilion

In 1896, the DCRA ran a competition for the construction of a pavilion on Bisley Camp. This was to serve as a residence for the Canadian national team when competing at the UK National Rifle Association's annual Imperial Meeting, to which the DCRA have sent teams since at least 1871 The contract was awarded to the firm of C J Saxe and R M Rodden of Montreal, who completed "the Macdonald Stewart Pavilion" in 1897 (more often known at Bisley as "Canada House"). Aside from providing a comfortable accommodation for the team, the specification called for extensive use of Canadian woods, demonstrating the versatility of the materials to all visitors. In 2003 the building became Grade-II listed by Historic England and has since been used as a filming location for Netflix series The Crown, as a stand-in for period locations in North America.

## Provincial rifle associations

The provincial rifle associations are:
* Alberta Rifle Association
* British Columbia Rifle Association
* Manitoba Provincial Rifle Association
* Nova Scotia Rifle Association
* Ontario Rifle Association
* Prince Edward Island Rifle Association
* Province of Quebec Rifle Association
* Royal New Brunswick Rifle Association
* Saskatchewan Rifle Association
* National Capital Region Rifle Association
# Jowi Campobassi

Johanna "Jowi" Campobassi (born 13 May 1983) is an Argentine announcer and journalist.

## Biography

As a child, Campobassi's sisters nicknamed her "Jowi." She completed her primary studies at the Bayard Institute in Palermo. Then, she studied at the Hans Christian Andersen school in Belgrano until she was expelled. After finishing her secondary studies, she entered COSAL, where she learned to be an announcer.

## Career

She began her work in the media by doing radio. Later, she worked on television as a panelist on the talk show Acoso Textual [es], hosted by Horacio Cabak on América TV. Later she began presenting entertainment news on the Telefe channel newscast alongside Axel Kuschevatzky [es] until he left the channel. Through this job, she interviewed various national and international artists. In 2011, she was a part of Gran Hermano season six.
# Ülkü Azrak

Ali Ülkü Azrak (24 July 1933 – 15 April 2020) was a Turkish lawyer and academic.

## Personal life

He had two sons from his marriage to Hannelore Azrak, who was of German origin. He spent the majority of his time between Turkey and Germany. Their children Deniz and Attila live in Germany.

## Career
### Academic

Azrak graduated from Vefa High School as a top student. He later graduated from Istanbul University School of Law in 1956. He started to work as an assistant in Istanbul University in 1958. He became "Associate Professor" in 1970. In 1971, he started to work as an "Associate Professor" at Istanbul University School of Law - Administrative Law department and continued this duty until 1979. In 1979, he was among the people who founded the Istanbul University School of Political Sciences. He became a "Professor" in 1982 and continued his career as a lecturer until 2000 when he retired from Istanbul University, School of Political Sciences, Department of Management. He lectured at the Istanbul Academy of Economic and Commercial Sciences and Marmara University between 1972 and 1985. In 1988, he became the Head of Management Sciences Department.
He served as the Head of Istanbul University Institute of Social Sciences between 1994 and 1999, as Dean of Istanbul University Faculty of Political Sciences between 1995 and 1998, and as Head of Public Administration Department of Istanbul University Faculty of Political Sciences between 1998 and 1999. In 1999, he resigned from both his positions as head of the Social Sciences Institute and head of the Department of Public Administration and relinquished membership of the Senate after running into problems with Kemal Alemdaroğlu, the rector of Istanbul University at the time. He retired in 2000, but later started to work as a lecturer at Maltepe University School of Law. He left there in 2009 and returned to Istanbul University. Between 2001 and 2005, he served as a member of the Council of Higher Education after being appointed by President Ahmet Necdet Sezer.

### Other sectors

Between 1994 and 1999 he was made the deputy chairman of the Touring and Automobile Club of Turkey. Between 2001 and 2003, he was a member of the Turkey Bar Association's Human Rights Advisory Board. He also served as the President of the Turkish-German Cultural Association and a member of the German-Turkish Public Law Platform. He also took part in the Advisory Board of the Union of Historic Cities.

## Awards

He was awarded the Order of Merit of the Federal Republic of Germany on 29 November 2007.

## Death

Azrak died at the Florence Nightingale Hospital on 15 April 2020, from complications of COVID-19 during the disease's pandemic. 10 days before his death, his German-born wife Hannelore Azrak had died from the same disease.
# Frigido

The Frigido is a short river in Tuscany, central Italy, whose course of 17 km is entirely included in the province of Massa-Carrara. It starts from two branches, one having its source in the Monte Sagro and Monte Rasore (Apuan Alps), the other near the village of Forno.
After running into a deep valley in the Apuan Alps, it receives the waters of the Renara and Fosso d'Antona, and then flows in Massa before reaching the Ligurian Sea near Marina di Massa.
# Brook Farm School

53°09′00″N 2°39′36″W﻿ / ﻿53.150°N 2.660°W﻿ / 53.150; -2.660
Brook Farm School was a state run 'special' boarding school in the village of Tarporley in the English county of Cheshire.
It opened in 1975 and closed Aug. 31, 2001. The school catered for both residential and day pupils with emotional and behavioural difficulties.
The site stood empty for a while although there were plans to demolish it to make way for a new Primary school.
From March 2006 - 2011 the school was leased to The Storehouse Church.
In May 2013 the school was demolished to make way for a housing estate.
# Grand Pera

Grand Pera is a shopping center and entertainment complex consisting of two historic buildings, the Emek Movie Theater (Turkish: Emek Sineması), a cinema, and the Cercle de l'Orient building (originally Grand Club), designed by architects Abraham Pasha and Alexandre Vallaury for residential use in 1883. It is located along İstiklal Avenue in the Hüseyinağa neighborhood of Beyoğlu district, Istanbul, Turkey.

## History

The movie theater began construction in 1884 under the name "Club des Chasseurs de Constantinople" (Hunters Club of Constantinople), and first opened its doors in 1924 under the name Melek Sineması (Angel Cinema) because of the Art Nouveau style angel figures on the screen. The inner walls and the top of the movie theater have baroque and rococo style figures. The building has since been known under different names such as The Greek Gym of Strangali in 1909, then as "Nouveau Cirque" (New Circus). In 1918 the building was known as "Yeni Tiyatro" (New Theater), and "Emek Cinema" in the 1940s. Latterly the building had been used as a skating palace.

## Destruction

In 2010, plans were made to demolish the movie theater as part of a shopping mall construction. Several protests were organized to prevent the demolition from taking place. In 2013, the building was completely demolished.

## Shopping and entertainment center

Grand Pera was opened in 2016 after the restoration of the building complex. It is anchored by the cinema, DeFacto clothing store, Zoe Garden, a rooftop bar and nightclub, and HADO, where visitors can play a ball game that is both digital and physical.
# Nathan S. Joseph

Nathan Solomon Joseph (London, 17 December 1834 – 1909) was an English philanthropist, social reformer, architect, and Jewish communal leader.
Joseph collaborated on the design of a number of important synagogues, including the Garnethill Synagogue, New West End Synagogue, and Hampstead Synagogue. He was also noted for his work in designing improved housing for the poor.
Joseph published widely on Jewish and social reform issues. Among his books are Religion Natural and Revealed: A Series of Progressive Lessons for Jewish Youth (1879) and The Persecution of the Jews in Russia (1890). He signed his published work N.S. Joseph.

## Buildings
### Collaborations

* Garnethill Synagogue
* New West End Synagogue
* Hampstead Synagogue

### Lead architect

* Sandys Row Synagogue
# Millhaven Fibres

The Millhaven Fibres Plant opened September 28, 1955 as the third polyester plant in the world. It was originally built to manufacture a new type of synthetic yarn called Terylene, which is known as Dacron in the United States. Terylene polyester fibre was invented in England in 1940 and had wide application in the apparel trade and for industrial use. In 1966, Terylene underwent a name change, to Fortrel. This happened in the same year as the plant's name being changed
The plant, at 5275 Bath Road, was built on a 70-acre site near Napanee, in Millhaven, Lennox and Addington County, Ontario, on the north shore of Lake Ontario. The project, in 1954, was initiated by Canadian Industries Limited, a wholly owned Canadian subsidiary of Imperial Chemical Industries (ICI) Limited of Great Britain. Since then, the plant changed ownership several times and underwent a handful of expansions. The site was owned by ICI of Canada Ltd., Canadian Industries Limited, Millhaven Fibres Ltd., Celanese Canada, Hoechst, and KoSa at various points in its 55-year history, before Invista bought the 75-hectare site on Lake Ontario in 2004.

## History

In 1954, the plant began operations under ICI of Canada Ltd, abbreviated as CIL. In 1964, the plant began producing nylon. In 1967, the DI & staple lines were started. In 1968, a tire yarn plant was introduced. Millhaven also invented the polyester tire in this year, which was the fusion of polyester with rubber. In 1971, the plant was bought by Chemcell & Fiber Industries. The nylon filament line was shut down. In 1972, Chemcell changed name to Celanese Canada. In 1973, 1,500 persons were employed at Millhaven Fibres. In 1976, the second staple (manmade fiber) line was built, and the third was built in 1983. In 1987, Hoechst bought Celanese and became a majority shareholder of Celanese Canada. In 1989, the textured yarn line was shut down. In 1992, HDI (heavy denier industrial) was shut down. In 1996, a PET resins line was built for the production of polyester packaging resins. PET is used to manufacture shatter-resistant plastic bottles for water, soft drinks and medicinal and cleaning products. In 2009, the 100 people employed at the plant were laid off.
In 2013, explosives were used to destroy the factory during a controlled demolition.
# Warping (sailing)

Warping or kedging is a method of moving a sailing vessel, typically against the wind or current, after running aground, or out from a dead calm, by hauling on a line attached to a kedge anchor, a sea anchor, or a fixed object, such as a bollard or tree. In small boats, the anchor may be thrown in the intended direction of progress and hauled in after it settles, thus pulling the boat in that direction, while larger ships can use a small boat to carry the anchor ahead, drop it, and then haul. For example, the sloop Adventure under the command of the infamous pirate Blackbeard ran aground attempting to kedge the Queen Anne's Revenge off the bar near Beaufort Inlet, North Carolina, in June 1718.
# Hamish Irvine

Hamish Edward Thomson Irvine (born October 1946) is a British auto racing driver from Scotland. He is best known for his time competing in the British Touring Car Championship. In his debut season in 1983, he finished fifth overall in the championship with his Class B Mazda RX-7. He returned to the series in 1994 with a privately entered BMW 318iS with little success. In 1995 he finished fourth in the Independents Cup with a Peugeot 405 entered by his own SCB Motorsport Team. He is not related to former Formula One driver Eddie Irvine.

## Racing record
### Complete British Saloon / Touring Car Championship results

(key) Races in bold indicate pole position (1982-1984 in class) Races in italics indicate fastest lap (1 point awarded - 1982-1984 only in class)
| Year | Team | Car | Class | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | Pos. | Pts | Class |
| 1982 | Hamish Irvine | Triumph Dolomite Sprint | C | SIL ? | MAL 8† | OUL 7† | THR ? | THR ? | SIL Ret | DON ? | BRH 11 | DON 8 | BRH 12 | SIL 12 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 6th | 59 | 1st |
| 1983 | Hamish Irvine | Mazda RX-7 | B | SIL 8 | OUL 6 | THR 5 | BRH 5 | THR 7 | SIL | DON 6 | SIL 20 | DON Ret | BRH 9 | SIL Ret | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 5th | 42 | 2nd |
| 1984 | Hamish Irvine | Mazda RX-7 | B | DON | SIL | OUL | THR | THR | SIL | SNE | BRH 10 | BRH | DON | SIL | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 21st | 4 | 7th |
| 1994 | Hamish Irvine | BMW 318is | | THR | BRH 1 | BRH 2 | SNE | SIL 1 23 | SIL 2 20 | OUL Ret | DON 1 23 | DON 2 Ret | BRH 1 21 | BRH 2 Ret | SIL 14 | KNO 1 13 | KNO 2 Ret | OUL 16 | BRH 1 21 | BRH 2 DNS | SIL 1 23 | SIL 2 DNS | DON 1 21 | DON 2 23 | | | | | 31st | 0 | |
| 1995 | SCB Vehicle Dismantlers | Peugeot 405 Mi16 | | DON 1 Ret | DON 2 18 | BRH 1 Ret | BRH 2 18 | THR 1 Ret | THR 2 DNS | SIL 1 15 | SIL 2 Ret | OUL 1 16 | OUL 2 Ret | BRH 1 14 | BRH 2 16 | DON 1 18 | DON 2 15 | SIL 18 | KNO 1 14 | KNO 2 17 | BRH 1 20 | BRH 2 Ret | SNE 1 Ret | SNE 2 DNS | OUL 1 17 | OUL 2 16 | SIL 1 14 | SIL 2 Ret | 27th | 0 | |
| Sources: ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
† Events with 2 races staged for the different classes.

### 24 Hours of Silverstone results

| Year | Team | Co-Drivers | Car | Car No. | Class | Laps | Pos. | Class Pos. | Ref |
| 2007 | GP Motorsport | John Irvine Ed Lovett Guy Povey | BMW M3 E46 | 49 | 1 | 189 | DNF | DNF | |
| 2008 | GP Motorsport | Guy Povey Mike Simpson Clint Bardwell | BMW M3 E46 | 42 | 3 | 548 | 12th | 2nd | |