OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Shiyam Thavandiran

Shiyamalen Thavandiran is a Canadian chess player.

## Chess career

He started playing chess at the age of 7. He placed 4th in the World U10 Championships and became the youngest Canadian junior champion at the age of 12.
In January 2012, he won the Canadian University Championship, which helped his University of Western Ontario team (Aman Hambleton, Raja Panjwani, and Justin McDonald) to the championship.
He won the Canadian Chess Championship in April 2024, during which he went undefeated and achieved wins against other strong players such as Shawn Rodrigue-Lemieux, Raja Panjwani, Nikolay Noritsyn, and grandmaster Bator Sambuev. In September 2024, he represented the country at the 45th Chess Olympiad, where he defeated the higher-rated grandmasters Štěpán Žilka and Trần Tuấn Minh in the third and last rounds, respectively.

## Personal life

Off the chessboard, he works as a machine learning engineer at RBC.
# University College, Otago

University College (UniCol), founded in 1969, is the largest residential hall at the University of Otago in Dunedin, New Zealand. It houses approximately 501 residents during the academic year. Originally consisting of two towers, North Tower and South Tower, it has since been expanded with the acquisition of a set of flats on Clyde street and then in 2004 with the Northern and Southern Annexes. It is the most central college on the campus, situated beside the university's original buildings. The college is home to a variety of University of Otago students from all over the world. These students pursue a myriad of different degrees.
Te Whare Raiona (House of the Lion), so named to incorporate the ornate brass lions that feature prominently at the front of the building. It has since been incorporated into the college's official logo, merchandise and flags.

## History

Historically, University College's South Tower housed males while the North Tower housed females. However, both towers today are unisex, with students sharing all facilities including bathrooms and showers. Highlights throughout the year include orientation week, formal dinners, ski trips, the ball, floor missions.
In early October 2019, a fire in the South Tower and the resulting water damage from the sprinkler system led to the evacuation of 60 Otago University students, who had to sleep with friends or at the university library. Due to water damage, the second, first, ground, and lower-ground floors had been evacuated.

## Wardens

* D. F. Symon, 1969–1985
* P. I. C. Rennie, 1986–1992
* C. P. M. Geary, 1993–1996
* Ashley Day, 1997–2007
* Chris Addington, 2007–2018
* Andy Walne, 2019–2021
* Pauline Donovan, 2022–Present

## Notable Past Residents

| Name | Notability |
| Marc Ellis | Sport: rugby union and rugby league player |
| Anton Oliver | Sport: rugby union player |
| Justin Lester (politician) | Politics: Mayor of Wellington |
A seminar room is dedicated to former resident Mark Parker, who died in the 2002 Bali bombings.
# Eric Cerantola

Eric Cerantola is a professional baseball pitcher in the Kansas City Royals organization
# Minim

Minim may refer to:
* Minim, British English for a half note (which usually gets two beats)
* MINIM (band), an industrial rock band from Spain
* Minim (unit), a small amount of fluid, essentially a standardized drop
* Order of Minims, a member of a religious order founded by St. Francis of Paula
** Franciscan Minims of the Perpetual Help of Mary
* Minim (palaeography), a short vertical stroke used in handwriting
* Minim, a Hebrew word denoting "sectarians" (e.g. Sadducees, Nazoraeans, etc.); see Heresy in Judaism
* Minim Inc., An American networking company.
* Minim, Martap, a village in Cameroon
* Minim (or nanitic), describes the first (and smallest) workers produced in many ant colonies
* Mini-M, also known as Inmarsat-M, a global satellite internet, telephony and fax network operated by Inmarsat
* Minim, French for "little one", was used at the University of Notre Dame from the 1840s to the 1920s to describe students in their grade school department
# Cieśnisk Mały

Cieśnisk Mały (Polish pronunciation:) is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Janów, within Sokółka County, Podlaskie Voivodeship, in north-eastern Poland. It lies approximately 7 kilometres (4 mi) north-east of Janów, 19 km (12 mi) north-west of Sokółka, and 45 km (28 mi) north of the regional capital Białystok.
# Sam Phillipou

Sam Phillipou (born 18 September 1974) is a former Australian rules footballer who played for Footscray in the Australian Football League (AFL) in 1995. He was recruited from the Woodville-West Torrens Football Club in the South Australian National Football League (SANFL) with the 29th selection in the 1992 AFL Draft. He played in South Australia for two years, before signing a two-year contract with Footscray at the end of the 1994 season. However, he was delisted at the end of the 1995 season, and returned to South Australia.

## Personal life

Phillipou's son Mattaes currently plays for St Kilda.
# 8 and 9 Bentinck Street

8 and 9 Bentinck Street are adjacent grade II listed terraced houses in Bentinck Street, in the City of Westminster, London. Number 8 was completed around 1780, and number 9 in 1780–90. A blue plaque notes the fact that James Smithson, founder of the Smithsonian Institution, once lived at number 9.
# Kelly Close

Kelly L. Close (born December 1967) is an American writer, speaker, and advocate for people with diabetes.
Close was diagnosed with type 1 diabetes at age 18. She received a BA in English and Economics from Amherst College in 1990 and an MBA from Harvard Business School in 1995. She began her career as an analyst at Goldman Sachs and later served as a management consultant at McKinsey & Company. In 2002, she founded Close Concerns in San Francisco, CA. That year, the company launched a monthly electronic diabetes business newsletter called Diabetes Close Up, a publication that covers 40 conferences per year in 10 countries, and tracks over 100 companies in diabetes and obesity. In 2006 the company launched a newsletter for diabetes patients called diaTribe. To date, she remains the Editor-in-Chief of both newsletters. She has also contributed to About.com's diabetes site.
Close was recognized in 2012 by the American Diabetes Association with the Excellence in Health Communications award. She is on the board of directors of Diabetes Hands Foundation and Behavioral Diabetes Institute and was previously on the executive board of the SF Bay Area JDRF. She is a member of the Healthcare Council of GLG Research.
# Kåre Olafsen

Kåre Adolf Olafsen (19 January 1920 – 17 March 1945) was a Norwegian resistance member who was executed during the occupation of Norway by Nazi Germany.
He was born in Sørum, and lived in Østre Aker. He became involved in Milorg in 1941, during the occupation of Norway by Nazi Germany, and was responsible for transport and provisioning in the district. His last mission was Aksjon smør, in which Milorg men stole foodstuffs from two warehouses, one in the street Tollbugata belonging to German forces, and one in the street Skippergata belonging to Arbeidstjenesten. The foodstuffs were distributed to Milorg men who hid in the forests surrounding Oslo.
He was arrested by the Nazi authorities on 13 February 1945, during a crackdown which began when two Gestapo officers intercepted a resistance meeting in Storm Weinholdt's home. Storm Weinholdt and Frank Olsen were arrested, and Adolf Bogstad was killed. Olafsen and several others were rounded up. He was sentenced to death on 15 March in an SS court-martial; prosecutor was Siegfried Fehmer. He was executed by gunshot at Hovedøya on 17 March, and his body was lowered in the Oslofjord. This was the second to last execution of Norwegians by Germans during the war; the last person was an SS-Jäger executed for desertion (Fahnenflucht) on 19 April.
Together with eight other resistance members—Adolf Bogstad, Erik Bruun, Henry Gundersen, Arvid Hansen, Ingolf Nordstrøm, Frank Olsen, Kjell Ramberg and Storm Weinholdt—he is commemorated with a memorial stone at Sarabråten in Østmarka.
# Coat of arms of Chiapas

The Coat of Arms of the Free and Sovereign State Chiapas was granted to the city of San Cristóbal de las Casas. The Coat of Arms of Chiapas is the heraldic emblem representative of the state of Chiapas, which was originally given in 1535 by Charles I of Spain to the "Very Royal and Very Insignia City of San Cristóbal de los Llanos de Chiapa", which was later made official as a coat of arms at the state level. According to the decree for its preservation and dissemination, it represents this entity and is part of the history, customs and values of the Chiapas people.1 Chiapas, along with Campeche, Guanajuato, Veracruz, Durango, Tabasco and Zacatecas, are the only states in Mexico that still retain the design of a Spanish crown in their state symbols.

## Symbolism

The shield is made up of a red field with two hills as a background. Above one of them, on the right side, there is a golden castle with two lateral columns with two windows each, a central building with a door and two windows that contains on its back side another column with a window, a rampant golden lion is juxtaposed to it; above the other hill, on the left side, a green palm with fruit and another rampant golden lion juxtaposed to it can be seen. On the horizon of the Rio Grande de Chiapa, two volcanic formations. Finally, as a crest a Marquis crown composed of a precious metal and stonework fence, decorated with four florets, of which three are visible, one whole in front and two in profile on its sides; Interspersed between the florets are four bouquets composed of three pearls each placed on small points, of which only two are visible at the front.

### Historical coats

The symbol is used by all successive regimes in New Spain, in different forms.
* Coat of arms from 1712 to 1800.
* Coat of arms from 1824 to 1979.
# Hyuri

Hyuri Henrique de Oliveira Costa (born 29 September 1991), simply known as Hyuri, is a Brazilian professional footballer who plays as a forward for V.League 1 club Quang Nam.

## Club career

On 26 January 2014, Hyuri transferred from Botafogo to Chinese Super League side Guizhou Renhe.
On 5 January 2016, Hyuri transferred from Chinese Super League side Guizhou Renhe to Brazilian side Atlético Mineiro through an undisclosed deal. He was one of the reinforcements who came into the club at the beginning of the 2016 season to help Galo regain the Copa Libertadores in 2016. Hyuri made his debut for Atlético in a 3-0 win against Schalke 04 in a friendly played on January 13, 2016.

### CRB

On 4 April 2023, it was announced that Hyuri would be returning to Clube de Regatas Brasil (CRB), where he had previously enjoyed considerable success between 2020 and 2021, scoring 12 goals in 43 matches.

### Selangor

On 29 January 2022, Hyuri's reach agreement to join Malaysia Super League club Selangor for 2022 season.

### Quang Nam

On 27 September 2024, Hyuri signed for Vietnamese V.League 1 club Quang Nam.

## Personal life

Hyuri is the nephew of legendary former footballer Carlos Kaiser. Kaiser is a controversial character in football history, noted for refusing to play in games, fake ailments, and engaging in clashes with spectators. He is also renowned for approaching the field of play with the express purpose of avoiding involvement in the contest.
In addition to these pursuits, Kaiser is recognized for his marital status and the fact that he has a kid.
# Rovenia M. Brock

Dr. Rovenia M. Brock, also known as Dr. Ro, is an American nutritionist, lecturer, health reporter, entrepreneur, and author.

## Career

Brock made her television debut as host of BET's Heart and Soul. She worked as a nutrition coach on The View, helping co-host Sherri Shepherd lose 41 pounds. She is currently a nutritional adviser on The Dr. Oz Show.
Brock partnered with McDonald's in 2005, to promote physical activity.

### Radio and podcast work

Brock is nutrition contributor to National Public Radio (NPR).
She launched a podcast, Dr. Ro on Demand, in 2019.

### Home video

Brock was executive producer, creator and host of Dr. Ro's Fit Kidz, a health and fitness children's DVD series. l

## Works

* Dr. Ro’s Ten Secrets To Livin’ Healthy (2004) ISBN 9780307483980
* Lose Your Final 15: Dr. Ro's Plan to Eat 15 Servings A Day & Lose 15 Pounds at a Time (2016) ISBN 1623368022
# Appley Bridge railway station

Appley Bridge railway station serves the villages of Appley Bridge and Shevington, both in Metropolitan Borough of Wigan, Greater Manchester in England. The station is 4.4 miles (7 km) north-west of Wigan Wallgate on the Manchester-Southport Line. The station is in Lancashire, but it is supported by the Greater Manchester Passenger Transport Executive and as such within the TfGM ticketing zone. It is operated by Northern Trains.
The main stone-built station building survives adjacent to the Wigan-bound platform, but is now a public house; there are modest shelters on both platforms for rail travellers.

## History

The station opened on 9 April 1855 when the Lancashire and Yorkshire Railway (L&YR) opened the line from Wigan Wallgate to Southport London Street, the line and station had been planned, authorised and construction started by the Manchester and Southport Railway before it was acquired by the L&YR on 3 July 1854. The main stone-built station building (no longer in use) was built during this time, in the standard L&YR style which had been described as "solid, substantial, well built of stone in the Elizabethan style, neat without undue ornament". The L&YR amalgamated with the London and North Western Railway on 1 January 1922, and this, in turn, was grouped into the London, Midland and Scottish Railway (LMS) in 1923. Nationalisation followed in 1948. When sectorisation was introduced in the 1980s, the station was served by Regional Railways until the privatisation of British Rail.
A Greater Manchester Council landfill site and transfer terminal was formerly located a short distance west of the station, served by a siding connection from the up (eastbound) line. This received regular trainloads of domestic waste from terminals in and around Manchester from the early 1980s until 1995, when the site reached capacity and was closed. The defunct siding is still intact and is visible from passing trains.

## Facilities

The station is unmanned, but there is a ticket machine provided to allow passengers to buy prior to travel or collect pre-paid tickets. Train running information can be obtained by phone and timetable posters. There is step-free access to both platforms from the nearby road bridge via ramps.

## Services

On Monday to Saturday daytimes, there are two trains an hour westbound to Southport and eastbound to Wigan. Beyond here, services run via Bolton to either Stalybridge via Manchester Victoria or Manchester Oxford Road (services beyond there towards Manchester Piccadilly and points south ended at the winter 2022 timetable change).
On Sundays, there is an hourly service to Southport and Blackburn via Manchester Victoria.
| Preceding station | National Rail | National Rail | National Rail | Following station |
| Parbold | | Northern TrainsSouthport to Manchester Line | | Gathurst |
# Bert Carpelan

Lieutenant General Ivar Bert Tyko Carpelan (2 December 1895 – 16 November 1981) was a Swedish Army officer. Carpelan's senior commands include Chief of the Army Staff and the General Staff Corps, commanding officer of the IV Military District and Commandant General in Stockholm.

## Early life

Carpelan was born on 2 December 1895 in Nås, Kopparberg County, Sweden, the son of Axel Carpelan, a postmaster, and his wife Tekla (née Jäde). He passed studentexamen in Luleå in 1913.

## Career

Carpelan was commissioned into the Swedish Army as second lieutenant in Småland Artillery Regiment (A 6) in 1918. Carpelan became lieutenant two years later and attended the Royal Central Gymnastics Institute from 1920 to 1922. He became an aerial reconnaissance officer in 1925 and a sergeant pilot in 1927. In 1928 Carpelan was promoted to lieutenant in the Swedish Air Force. He then attended the Royal Swedish Army Staff College from 1929 to 1931. Carpelan served in Karlsborg Artillery Regiment (A 9) in 1930 and he was promoted to captain in 1932.
Carpelan served as a staff adjutant and captain of the General Staff in 1934 and in the Norrbotten Artillery Corps (A 5) in 1937. In 1938 he became major of the General Staff and served as chief of the general staff of the 1st Army Division from 1938 to 1941. Carpelan then served as lieutenant colonel in Wendes Artillery Regiment (A 3) in 1941 and as colonel and commanding officer of the Gotland Artillery Corps (A 7) from 1943 to 1945. He was colonel in the General Staff Corps in 1945 and served as Vice Chief of the Army Staff from 1945 to 1947 and then as commanding officer of Svea Artillery Regiment (A 1) from 1947 to 1951.
Carpelan was then chief of Section II of the Army Staff from 1951 to 1953 when he was promoted to major general and appointed Chief of the Army Staff and of the General Staff Corps. In 1957, he was appointed commanding officer of the IV Military District and the Commandant General in Stockholm. He was promoted to lieutenant general in 1961, the same year he retired from active service.

## Personal life

In 1927, Carpeland married Evy Högström (1899–1982), the daughter of August Högström and Gerda Andal.

## Dates of rank

* 1918 – Second lieutenant
* 1920 – Lieutenant (Swedish Army)
* 1928 – Lieutenant (Swedish Air Force)
* 1932 – Captain
* 1938 – Major
* 1941 – Lieutenant colonel
* 1943 – Colonel
* 1953 – Major general
* 1961 – Lieutenant general

## Awards and decorations

Carpeland's awards:

### Swedish

* King Gustaf V's Jubilee Commemorative Medal (1948)
* Commander Grand Cross of the Order of the Sword (4 June 1960)
* Knight of the Order of Vasa
* Home Guard Medal of Merit in Gold
* Swedish Central Federation for Voluntary Military Training Medal of Merit in silver
* Equestrian Olympic Medal of Merit (Ryttarolympisk förtjänstmedalj)

### Foreign

* Grand Cross of the Order of St. Olav (1 July 1959)
* Grand Cross of the Order of Homayoun
* Grand Officer of the Order of Orange-Nassau with swords (18 May 1957)
* King Christian X's Liberty Medal

## Honours

* Member of the Royal Swedish Academy of War Sciences (1946; its president from 1963 to 1965)
# Pottery Museum of Tabriz

The Pottery museum is an art museum in Tabriz, Iran, established in one of the houses of the city known as Sarraflar's house, which belongs to Qajar era.
# Fereydunkenar County

Fereydunkenar County (Persian: شهرستان فریدونکنار) is in Mazandaran province, Iran. Its capital is the city of Fereydunkenar.

## History

After the 2006 National Census, Fereydunkenar District was separated from Babolsar County in the establishment of Fereydunkenar County, which was divided into two districts of two rural districts each, with Fereydunkenar as its capital and only city.

## Demographics
### Population

At the time of the 2011 census, the county's population was 57,980 people in 17,574 households. The 2016 census measured the population of the county as 60,031 in 20,066 households.

### Administrative divisions

Fereydunkenar County's population history and administrative structure over two consecutive censuses are shown in the following table.
Fereydunkenar County Population :
| Administrative Divisions | 2011 | 2016 |
| Central District | 44,814 | 46,703 |
| Barik Rud-e Jonubi RD | 4,708 | 4,558 |
| Barik Rud-e Shomali RD | 3,914 | 3,991 |
| Fereydunkenar (city) | 36,192 | 38,154 |
| Dehferi District | 13,166 | 13,328 |
| Emamzadeh Abdollah-ye Jonubi RD | 6,566 | 6,568 |
| Emamzadeh Abdollah-ye Shomali RD | 6,600 | 6,760 |
| Total | 57,980 | 60,031 |
| RD = Rural District |||
# Ümit Bilican

Ümit Bilican (born 29 March 1981) is a Belgian professional footballer who has played for several clubs in Europe.

## Club career

Born in Heusden-Zolder, Bilican began playing football with Belgian Pro League side Lommel. Bilican had a spell in the Turkish Super Lig with Adanaspor and seasons in the Belgian First Division with K.F.C. Lommel S.K.
# Special law

A special law is a type of legislation.

## Belgium

A special law, or qualified majority law, is a type of legislation in Belgium which requires a qualified majority in both chambers of the bicameral Belgian Federal Parliament to be adopted, amended or repealed. The Belgian Constitution determines which laws require a qualified or special majority. Special laws are primarily used in institutional matters and in matters concerning the competences of the communities and regions of Belgium. One of the best known examples is the Special Law of 8 August 1980 on the Reform of the Institutions.
A special law must be adopted by both the Chamber of Representatives and the Senate in accordance with Article 4, last paragraph, of the Belgian Constitution, which provides that a special law requires a majority of votes cast in both the Dutch-speaking and the French-speaking language group, on the condition that an absolute majority of the members of each language group is present, and the total number of votes in favour in both language groups must constitute a supermajority of two-thirds of the total number of votes cast.

## Canada

In Canada, in the event of strike action(s) and/or lockouts, federal or provincial governments can enact "Back-to-work legislation", a special law, which blocks the strike action and/or lockout from continuing. It can also impose binding arbitration or a new contract on the disputing parties. Such legislation was enacted during the 2011 Canada Post strike and the 2012 CP Rail strike, thus effectively ending these strikes as legal actions. On the provincial level, similar acts can be passed for other purposes; the National Assembly of Quebec enacted Act 78 in 2012 in order to quell a series of student protests.

## Spain

The concept of organic law is similar to the Belgian case.

## Sweden

The law stating how the Parliament functions can only be changed by a qualified majority.
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# Nathan Saunders

Nathan Saunders (born 22 July 1976) is a former Australian rules footballer who played with Western Bulldogs in the Australian Football League (AFL) in 2002.
# Ixora chinensis

Ixora chinensis, commonly known as Chinese ixora, is a species of plant of the genus Ixora.

## Distribution

This species is native to Cambodia, Southeast China, Laos, Myanmar, Philippines, Thailand and Vietnam. And it has been introduced into Bangladesh, Caroline Is., Colombia, Malaya, and Marianas islands. 2

## Growth form and ecology

Ixora chinensis is a shrub and grows primarily in the wet tropical biome. 2

## Synonyms

The Catalogue of Life recognises the following synonyms:
* Bemsetia paniculata Raf.
* Gaertnera hongkongensis Seem.
* Ixora blanda Ker Gawl.
* Ixora coccinea Curtis, nom. illeg.
* Ixora colei W.Bull
* Ixora crocata Lindl.
* Ixora dixiana W.Bull
* Ixora dubia Schult. & Schult.f.
* Ixora flammea Salisb.
* Ixora incarnata Roxb. ex Sm.
* Ixora kroneana (Miq.) Bremek.
* Ixora pallida Reinw. ex Miq.
* Ixora rosea Sims, nom. illeg.
* Ixora speciosa Willd.
* Ixora stricta Roxb.
* Ixora stricta var. mekongensis Pierre ex Pit.
* Pavetta arborea Blanco
* Pavetta chinensis (Lam.) Roem. & Schult.
* Pavetta kroneana Miq.
* Pavetta stricta (Roxb.) Blume
* Sykesia hongkongensis (Seem.) Kuntze
* Tsiangia hongkongensis (Seem.) But, H.H.Hsue & P.T.Li