# Outline of Russia

The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to Russia.
The Russian Federation, commonly known as Russia, is the most extensive country in the world, covering 17,075,400 square kilometres (6,592,800 sq mi), more than an eighth of the Earth's land area. Russia is a transcontinental country extending across the whole of northern Asia and 40% of Europe; it spans 11 time zones and incorporates a great range of environments and landforms. With 143 million people, Russia is the ninth most populated country. Russia has the world's largest mineral and energy resources, has the world's largest forest reserves, and its lakes contain approximately one-quarter of the Earth's fresh liquid water.

## General reference

* Pronunciation: /ˈrʌʃə/
* Common English country name: Russia
* Official English country name: The Russian Federation
* Common endonym(s): Россия (Rossiya)
* Official endonym(s): Российская Федерация (Rossiyskaya Federatsiya)
* Adjectival(s): Russian
* Demonym(s):
* Etymology: Name of Russia
* International rankings of Russia
* ISO country codes: RU, RUS, 643
* ISO region codes: See ISO 3166-2:RU
* Internet country code top-level domain: .ru, .su and .рф

## Geography of Russia

Geography of Russia
* Russia is: a Country
* Location: transcontinental (lies in both Europe and Asia)
** Eastern Hemisphere
** Northern Hemisphere
*** Eurasia
**** Europe
***** Eastern Europe
**** Asia
***** North Asia
** Time zones:
*** Kaliningrad Time – UTC+02
*** Moscow Time – UTC+03
*** Samara Time – UTC+04
*** Yekaterinburg Time – UTC+05
*** Omsk Time – UTC+06
*** Krasnoyarsk Time – UTC+07
*** Irkutsk Time – UTC+08
*** Yakutsk Time – UTC+9
*** Vladivostok Time – UTC+10
*** Magadan Time – UTC+11
*** Kamchatka Time – UTC+12
** Extreme points of Russia
*** High: Mount Elbrus 5,642 m (18,510 ft) – highest point in Europe
*** Low: Caspian Sea −28 m (−92 ft) – lowest point in Europe
** Land boundaries: 20,242 km (12,578 mi)
       Kazakhstan 6,846 km (4,254 mi)
       China 3,645 km (2,265 mi)
       Mongolia 3,441 km (2,138 mi)
       Ukraine 1,576 km (979 mi)
       Finland 1,313 km (816 mi)
       Belarus 959 km (596 mi)
       Georgia 723 km (449 mi), including:
          Abkhazia 255 km (158 mi)
          South Ossetia 70 km (43 mi)
       Poland 432 km (268 mi)
       Latvia 292 km (181 mi)
       Estonia 290 km (180 mi)
       Azerbaijan 284 km (176 mi)
       Lithuania 227 km (141 mi)
       Norway 196 km (122 mi)
       North Korea 18 km (11 mi)
   * Coastline: 37,653 km (23,396 mi)
* Population of Russia: 142,942,000 people (2010 census) – 8th most populous country
* Area of Russia: 17,075,400 km$^2$ (6,592,800 sq mi) – 1st largest country
* Atlas of Russia
Mercator projection distorts Russia's appearance from crescent-like shape (as seen on a globe) into a fish-like or bear-like outline; also making the uninhabited area of Russia (e.g. food-less cold tundra and taiga) look 3-4 times bigger than it already is.

### Environment of Russia

Environment of Russia
* Climate of Russia
** Climate change in Russia
* Environmental issues in Russia
** Climate change in Russia
* Ecoregions in Russia
* Renewable energy in Russia
* Geology of Russia
* National Parks of Russia
* Nature Reserves ("Zapovedniks") in Russia
* Ramsar Wetlands in Russia
* Protected areas of Russia
* Wildlife of Russia
** Fauna of Russia
*** Birds of Russia
*** Mammals of Russia

#### Geographic features of Russia

* Fjords in Russia
* Glaciers of Russia
* Islands of Russia
* Lakes of Russia
** Caspian Sea (lake with 1.3% salinity, about a third the salinity of seawater. Compare with Great Salt Lake.)
* Mountains of Russia
** Caucasus Mountains
** Ural Mountains
** East Siberian Mountains
** South Siberian Mountains
** Volcanoes in Russia
* Plains of Russia
** West Siberian Plain
** East Siberian Plain
** Central Yakutian Plain
* Rivers of Russia
** Waterfalls of Russia
* Valleys of Russia
* World Heritage Sites in Russia

### Regions of Russia

* Central Russia
* North Caucasus
* Siberia
* Russian Far East
* Economic regions of Russia

#### Ecoregions of Russia

List of ecoregions in Russia
* Ecoregions in Russia

#### Subdivisions of Russia

Subdivisions of Russia
* Federal subjects of Russia (83)
** Republics of Russia (22)
** Oblasts of Russia (46)
** Krais of Russia (9)
** Autonomous oblasts of Russia (1)
** Autonomous okrugs of Russia (4)
** Federal cities of Russia (3)
* Types of inhabited localities in Russia
** List of cities and towns in Russia

##### Republics of Russia

| 1. Republic of Adygea | 11. Komi Republic | 21. Chuvash Republic |
| 2. Altai Republic | 12. Mari El Republic | 22. Crimea (disputed) |
| 3. Republic of Bashkortostan | 13. Republic of Mordovia | |
| 4. Buryat Republic | 14. Sakha (Yakutia) Republic | |
| 5. Republic of Dagestan | 15. Republic of North Ossetia–Alania | |
| 6. Republic of Ingushetia | 16. Republic of Tatarstan | |
| 7. Kabardino-Balkar Republic | 17. Tuva Republic | |
| 8. Republic of Kalmykia | 18. Udmurt Republic | |
| 9. Karachay–Cherkess Republic | 19. Republic of Khakassia | |
| 10. Republic of Karelia | 20. Chechen Republic | |