OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Clamp (tool)

A clamp is a fastening device used to hold or secure objects tightly together to prevent movement or separation through the application of inward pressure. In the United Kingdom the term cramp is often used instead when the tool is for temporary use for positioning components during construction and woodworking; thus a G cramp or a sash clamp but a wheel clamp or a surgical clamp.
There are many types of clamps available for many different purposes. Some are temporary, as used to position components while fixing them together, others are intended to be permanent. In the field of animal husbandry, using a clamp to attach an animal to a stationary object is known as "rounded clamping." A physical clamp of this type is also used to refer to an obscure investment banking term, "fund clamps." Anything that performs the action of clamping may be called a clamp, so this gives rise to a wide variety of terms across many fields.

## Types
### Temporary

These clamps (or cramps) are used to position components temporarily for various tasks:
* Band clamp or web clamp
* Bar clamp, F-clamp or sliding clamp (upper left in the top photo)
* Cardellini clamp – jaw-style clamp that clamps onto round, square, or rectangular tubing; or onto flat objects, such as dimensional lumber or plywood sheets—to mount motion picture lights, or grip equipment such as gobo heads
* C-clamp (also G-clamp or G-cramp) (lower centre in the top photo)
* Flooring clamp A carpenter's clamp used to cramp up floorboards prior to fixing.
* Forked clamp stainless steel for ST ground glass joints with/without setscrew. Sizes for: ST 14, 19, 24, 29 and 45.
* Gripe (a specialized clamp, tightened with a wedge, for holding strakes in position when building a clinker boat)
* Hand clamp
* Handscrew (upper right in the top photo)
* Holdfast, a bench clamp for holding things to a bench top or side The bench forms the fixed jaw.
* Magnetic clamp (see Magnetic base)
* Mitre clamp
* Pipe clamp (top of the top photo)
* Sash clamp (a specialized, long form of bar clamp)
* Set screw
* Spring clamp (first item of third row in photo)
* Speed clamp
* Step clamp, a type of serrated-edged clamp used in conjunction with step blocks when machining or milling parts in metalworking
* Toggle clamp
* Toolmakers' clamp (a smaller, precision version of the handscrew, all in steel)
* Pinch Dog (a small "staple" shaped device, designed to straddle a joint, and pull the joint tightly together during the glue up process)
* Clip hangers are a subset of clothes hangers
* Utility clamp laboratory apparatus

### Permanent

* Hose clamp
* Marman clamp
* Wire rope clamp
* Joiner's dog

### Medical

There are various kinds of surgical clamps:
* Foerster clamp
* Hemostatic clamp
* Pennington clamp
* Gomco clamp
* Mogen clamp
* Bone clamp
* Serrefine

### Other

* Castration clamp
* Wheel clamp
* Pandrol clip
* Tube clamp (name for the different clamps used in a tube and clamp scaffold)
* Nipple clamp
* Voltage clamp

## Gallery

* A push-pull toggle clamp
* Operation of a latch clamp
* Surgical clamp
* A hand scissor clamp
# Thomas Hart

Thomas Hart or Tom Hart may refer to:

## Politics

* Thomas Hart (chief of staff) from Jack Abramoff
* Thomas Hart (mayor of Davenport) from History of Davenport, Iowa
* Thomas Hart (New York politician), in 29th New York State Legislature
* Thomas Hart (North Carolina politician), senator from Orange County, N.C., in the North Carolina General Assembly of 1777
* Thomas N. Hart (1829–1927), mayor of Boston, 1889–1890 and 1900–1902
* Tom Hart (Australian politician) (1904–1972), member of the Legislative Assembly of Western Australia

## Sports

* Thomas Hart (civil servant) (1909–2001), Scottish cricket and rugby union international
* Thomas Hart (rugby league), see List of Castleford Tigers players
* Tom Hart (Australian footballer) (born 1896), Australian rules footballer
* Tom Hart (baseball) (1869–1939), 19th-century baseball player
* Tom Hart (sportscaster), sports announcer
* Tommy Hart (1944–2024), American football player

## Others

* Thomas C. Hart (1877–1971), U.S. naval admiral and Senator
* Tom Hart (businessman), Scottish businessman, former chairman of Hibernian F.C., see Willie MacFarlane (footballer born 1930)
* Tom Hart (cartoonist) (born 1969), U.S. comics creator
* Thomas Hart, character in Hart's War
* Thomas Hart (Shakespeare) from Shakespeare's Birthplace
* Thomas Hart (screenwriter) for Care Bears: Oopsy Does It!
* Tom Hart (literary agent) from Amelia Atwater-Rhodes
# Vitaliy Kosovskyi

Vitaliy Vladyslavovych Kosovskyi (Ukrainian: Віталій Владиславович Косовський; born 11 August 1973) is a Ukrainian former professional footballer who played as a midfielder for Dynamo Kyiv and a Ukraine national team.

## Early life

Born in Ostroh, Rivne Oblast, his first steps in football Kosovskyi started when he went to the first grade of school as it happened to be that near the school was also located a children-youth sports school. Kosovskyi explained that his father worked as a driver in Netishyn which is located in neighboring Khmelnytskyi Oblast. When in Netishyn started to be built the Khmelnytskyi Nuclear Power Plant, in 1984 Netishyn was granted the status of city and around that time the Kosovskyi family received a new apartment to which they moved.

## Club career

Kosovskyi is notable for representing Dynamo Kyiv in the late 1990s alongside Serhii Rebrov and Andriy Shevchenko, usually playing the starting left winger. Kosovskyi's career was cut short in the early 2000s by numerous injuries, which prevented his numerous comeback attempts. Following a nine-year career with Dynamo, Kosovsky retired in 2003 to be a scout for Dynamo Kyiv.

## International career

During his international career, Kosovskyi has amassed 25 caps, scoring 2 goals.

## Personal life

He has a son Serhiy, born in 1998, who is also a professional footballer.
# Naseem Mirza Changezi

Naseem Mirza Changezi (1910 – April 12, 2018) was an Indian independence activist. He was also believed to have been one of the oldest living individuals in India at the time of his death.

## Early life and education

Naseem Mirza Changezi traces his family's roots in Old Delhi from the times of Mughal emperor Shah Jahan. He was educated at the Anglo Arabic College, now called Zakir Husain Delhi College. Over the years, he collected a large number of books in Urdu and Persian.
He met revolutionary freedom fighter Bhagat Singh in 1929. Bhagat Singh told him of his intentions to bomb the Central Legislative Assembly and wanted his help in finding a safe house to hide in. Naseem later went into hiding in Gwalior after Bhagat Sigh carried out his mission.

## Personal life

In 2016, he was still living with his 90-year-old wife, Amna Khannum, and 60-year-old son, Mirza Sikander Beg Changezi, in the Old Delhi area. His youngest son, Mirza Tariq Beg, lives in Karachi, Pakistan. Changezi had seven daughters and two sons. Many of them still live in the Old Delhi area. He had 20 grandchildren.
In 2016, Naseem Mirza Changezi claimed to be 106 years old.

## Legacy

Naseem, in his lifetime, claimed to have seen many events in Indian and world history, World War I, Jallianwala Bagh massacre, Satyagraha (Nonviolent resistance), Khilafat movement, the making of New Delhi, Second world war, Quit India Movement and finally the independence of India. His life story has been covered by many newspapers and TV documentaries.
In March 2016, Chief Minister of Delhi, Arvind Kejriwal unveiled three busts of the famous martyrs at Delhi Legislative Assembly who gave their lives for the cause of Indian independence movement, Bhagat Singh, Shivaram Hari Rajguru and Sukhdev Thapar. Naseem Mirza Changezi was selected to address the gathering at the official ceremony. He remarked that martyr Bhagat Singh wanted all religions and sects in India to live together in unity.
# Yeh Hsien-hsiu

Yeh Hsien-hsiu (Chinese: 葉憲修; pinyin: Yè Xiànxiū; born 1 June 1948) is a Taiwanese politician and singer.

## Music career

As a singer, he was known by the stage name Yeh Chi-tien (葉啟田; Ia̍p Khé-tiân). He won the 1996 Golden Melody Award for Best Song of the Year.

## Political career

He was elected to the Legislative Yuan as a representative of Taipei County twice, between 1993 and 1996, then again from 1999 to 2002. He was caucus convenor for a small party, the Democratic Non-Partisan Alliance [zh].
# One Out of the Bag

One Out Of The Bag is a DVD/CD live release by New Zealand Rock music band Split Enz. It was recorded during their 2006 tour of Australia. This is also the first Split Enz release since Waiata/Corroboree to feature drummer Malcolm Green, who was sacked shortly before Waiata/Corroboree's release. Green shares drum duties with percussionist Noel Crombie.

## Track listing

(Songs written by Tim Finn unless noted)

### DVD

* Shark Attack
* Poor Boy
* One Step Ahead (Neil Finn)
* Nobody Takes Me Seriously
* Double Happy (Eddie Rayner)
* Message to My Girl (Neil Finn)
* Dirty Creature (Tim Finn, Neil Finn, Nigel Griggs)
* Stuff And Nonsense
* Matinee Idyll(129) (Tim Finn, Phil Judd)
* Strait Old Line (Neil Finn)
* Pioneer (Eddie Rayner)
* Six Months In A Leaky Boat (Tim Finn, Split Enz)
* I Got You (Neil Finn)
* What's The Matter With You (Neil Finn)
* I See Red
    First Encore
* I Hope I Never
* Bold As Brass (Tim Finn, Robert Gillies)
* My Mistake (Tim Finn, Eddie Rayner)
    Second Encore
* Take A Walk (Neil Finn)
* Charlie
* History Never Repeats (Neil Finn)

### CD

* "Shark Attack" – 3:34
* "Poor Boy" – 3:46
* "One Step Ahead" – 2:53
* "Give It a Whirl" (Neil Finn, Tim Finn) – 3:06
* "Nobody Takes Me Seriously" – 3:37
* "Double Happy" – 4:26
* "Message to My Girl" – 6:10
* "Dirty Creature" – 5:35
* "Stuff and Nonsense" – 4:30
* "Strait Old Line" – 4:42
* "Pioneer" – 2:03
* "Six Months in a Leaky Boat" – 4:37
* "I Got You" – 3:49
* "What's the Matter with You" – 3:33
* "I See Red" – 4:37
* "I Hope I Never" – 4:55
* "Take a Walk" – 3:38
* "History Never Repeats" – 3:56

## Musicians

* Tim Finn - lead vocals, piano, acoustic guitar
* Neil Finn - lead vocals, electric guitar, acoustic guitar, piano, mandolin
* Eddie Rayner - keyboards, piano, backing vocals
* Nigel Griggs - bass guitar, backing vocals
* Noel Crombie - percussion, drums on "Message To My Girl", "Dirty Creature:, "Strait Old Line", "Six Months in a Leaky Boat" and "Take a Walk", backing vocals, guitar freak out on "My Mistake"
* Malcolm Green - drums (percussion only on "Message to My Girl", "Dirty Creature:, "Strait Old Line", "Six Months in a Leaky Boat" and "Take a Walk"), backing vocals

## Certifications

| Region | Certification | Certified units/sales |
| Australia (ARIA) | Gold | 7,500$^^$ |
| $^^$ Shipments figures based on certification alone. |||
# Pearce Lane

Pearce Lane (October 9, 1930 – July 27, 2018) was an American boxer. He competed in the men's welterweight event at the 1956 Summer Olympics.
# Balinka, Poland

Balinka is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Sztabin, within Augustów County, Podlaskie Voivodeship, in north-eastern Poland. It lies approximately 12 kilometres (7 mi) north of Sztabin, 16 km (10 mi) south-east of Augustów, and 74 km (46 mi) north of the regional capital Białystok.
# National anthem of the Kingdom of Afghanistan (1926–1943)

National anthems of Afghanistan :
| "Amani Anthem" | 1926–1943 |
| "Grand Salute" | 1943–1973 |
| "So long as there is Earth and Heaven" | 1973–1978 |
| "Be Ardent, Be More Ardent" | 1978–1992 |
| "Fortress of Islam, Heart of Asia" | 1992–1996 |
| "This Is the Home of the Brave" | 1996–2001, 2021– |
| "Fortress of Islam, Heart of Asia" | 2001–2006 |
| "Afghan National Anthem" | 2006–2021 |
vte :
"Millī Surūd" (Persian: ملی سرود, lit. 'National Anthem'), or better known as "Amani Surūd" (Persian: سرود امانی, lit. 'Amani Anthem') was the first national anthem of the Kingdom of Afghanistan in 1926. It was composed and arranged by Khalid Rajab Bey, a Turkish professor at the School of Industry and Music who taught music in Kabul during the reign of Amanullah Khan. It was played on state visits abroad by Amanullah. Although it is difficult to say whether it has become a national anthem in the modern sense. It does not have its own title or text. In 1943, it was replaced by a second national anthem.
Today, however, this song is used as the anthem of the Royal Afghan government-in-exile, with the lyrics of the poem Ali Bood, written by Rumi.
# Plavž (Jesenice)

Plavž (pronounced) is part of the town of Jesenice in the Upper Carniola region of Slovenia. Formerly, it was an autonomous settlement. The name Plavž means 'blast furnace' in Slovene.

## History

The settlement developed in the late 16th century, when the ironworks then located in the Planina pod Golico area were moved here by the Bucelleni family. The Bucellenis built new blast furnaces in 1584, a mansion house, and (in 1617) a church dedicated to St. Barbara.
In 1774 the blast furnaces in the area were abandoned and the mansion house pulled down. The area reverted to agricultural land until the 1950s, when it was developed as the main residential area of Jesenice during the industrial expansion of the Jesenice ironworks after the Second World War, particularly in the 1970s, when rows of high-rise blocks of flats were built.
The northern section of Plavž is also the location of Jesenice General Hospital, the town's largest primary school (Jesenice Tone Čufar Primary School) and a commercial industrial area adjacent to the railroad tracks.
# Dynamic Praise

Dynamic Praise (DP) is a student- and young adult-led gospel choir affiliated with Oakwood University in Huntsville, Alabama. First organized in 1988, the choir has performed across the United States and internationally.

## History

Founded in the fall of 1988, the gospel choir had Owen Simons as its first director. Simons handed the choir leadership over to Andrew "Benji" Young, a peer mentor. Subsequent choir directors included Bruce Bean and Bryce Davis.
The choir has traveled across the country and into the international waters. Dynamic Praise has shared the stage with such artists as Richard Smallwood, Kirk Franklin, Yolanda Adams, Donnie McClurkin, CeCe Winans, Dottie Peoples, Byron Cage, Lamar Campbell, Jonathan Nelson, Dathan Thigpen, Kelly Price, and many more. The choir also has alumnus roster consisting of such artist as Take 6, Virtue, Sean Simmonds, Duawne Starling, Carmen Hope, Lee Cort, Committed and Grandpa Cletus.

## Discography
### Albums

* Faith (2001)
* Testify (2007)

## Filmography
### DVD

| Release Date | Title | Artwork |
| March 22, 2008 | Testify: The Live Concert DVD | |
# Amphiarius rugispinis

Amphiarius rugispinis, the softhead sea catfish, is a species of sea catfish which is found along the northern coast of South America. It is found chiefly in turbid waters of estuaries and around river mouths; it originates from brackish and marine waters of Trinidad and Tobago, Guyana, Suriname, French Guiana, and Brazil. This species grows to about 45 cm (18 in) TL. Reproduction in A. rugispinis appears to be between September and November. The diameter of the eggs is 14–15 millimetres (9⁄16 in), numbering about 30–35 per female.
# Dragan Perišić

Dragan Perišić (Serbian Cyrillic: Драган Перишић; born 27 October 1979) is a Serbian football manager and former player.

## Playing career

Born in Belgrade, Perišić was a member of Železnik for several years, but never managed to establish himself as a first-team regular. He instead went out on loan to several domestic clubs, before moving abroad in 2004. Over the next eight years, Perišić played in the Czech Republic (Jablonec), Romania (Pandurii Târgu Jiu), Ukraine (Metalurh Zaporizhzhia), Azerbaijan (Simurq), Bangladesh (Sheikh Jamal), and Malta (Birkirkara). He returned to his homeland and joined Zemun in the 2012 winter transfer window.

## Managerial career

After hanging up his boots, Perišić served as manager of Brodarac 1947, Jedinstvo Stara Pazova, Sinđelić Beograd (September 2020–April 2021), Radnički Pirot, and Radnički Sremska Mitrovica.
# Attic funerary relief (NAMA 4464)

An Attic funerary relief, sometimes also known as the Mithridates funerary relief is displayed at the National Archaeological Museum of Athens (NAMA), with the inventory number 4464. Its date is uncertain.

## Description

The Pentelic marble relief consists of two plates and there must have been a third piece on the left hand side, containing at least the tail of the horse. The central figure of the relief is a horse moving to the right, with its head pulled upwards away from the right edge of the relief. A portion of the horses nose is missing, the only substantial damage to the piece. Its left foreleg is raised and bent, the right is stretched out and planted firmly in the ground. The hind legs reinforce the horse's position, the left hind leg is in very low relief, only barely extending out of the surface. On the horse's back is a panther pelt, which is attached around its front. At the front, to its left, stands a stable boy who reaches up to strike the horse with a whip, as the pained posture of the horse's head makes clear. The boy wears a chiton. His hair is cut short, but the pattern of the locks indicates that he is an exotic foreigner. It is probably that he is an African slave, most likely from Ethiopia.

## Dating

Arabs and Africans were depicted in Greek art from the fourth century BC. In addition to this example, the 2-metre-high (6.6 ft), 1.9-metre-wide (6.2 ft) relief found in 1948 near the Larisa metro-station must date to near the end of the fourth century BC. Other datings assign the relief to the first century BC. If one takes the earlier dating it is assumed that the relief belonged to a large grave naiskos; supporters of the later dating often connect it with the funerary monument of King Mithridates VI Eupator of Pontus.
# Pedro Camacho (athlete)

Pedro Camacho (Pedro Juan Camacho Cotto; born 26 November 1938 in Santurce, Puerto Rico) is a Puerto Rican former triple jumper who competed in the 1960 Summer Olympics.
# Bernie Jackson

Bernard Jackson (born October 22, 1961) is an American former sprinter.
# Happy Baby

Happy Baby is a 2004 novel by Stephen Elliott. The book was a finalist for the New York Public Library Young Lions Fiction Award.

## Plot

Theo is addicted to sadomasochism. He insists on being hurt - whether by one he loves or by a professional dominatrix. Theo is a victim of the child welfare system. Told in reverse chronological order, Happy Baby begins when 36-year-old Theo returns to Chicago after six years away, to visit an ex-girlfriend called Maria. He knows Maria from their years growing up together in a state institution, where Theo was sent aged thirteen after his abusive father was killed and his mother died from multiple sclerosis. Theo then drifts into relationships with women who are willing to abuse him.
His need for pain stems from the brutal treatment he received as a child in state custody. He recalls the memory of Mr. Gracie, a pedophile caseworker who regularly raped him when he was aged twelve but also protected him from the other boys. Elliott explores the psychology of child sexual abuse and physical abuse.
# Valdahon

Valdahon (French pronunciation:) is a commune in the Doubs department in the Bourgogne-Franche-Comté region in eastern France.

## Climate

Climate data for Valdahon-Adam-lès-Vercel (1997–2020 normals, extremes 1997–present) :
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 21.0 (69.8) | 21.5 (70.7) | 25.8 (78.4) | 27.4 (81.3) | 30.7 (87.3) | 35.8 (96.4) | 38.4 (101.1) | 37.2 (99.0) | 32.7 (90.9) | 28.5 (83.3) | 23.5 (74.3) | 18.8 (65.8) | 38.4 (101.1) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 5.0 (41.0) | 6.1 (43.0) | 10.3 (50.5) | 14.7 (58.5) | 18.5 (65.3) | 22.6 (72.7) | 24.4 (75.9) | 24.1 (75.4) | 20.0 (68.0) | 15.6 (60.1) | 9.5 (49.1) | 5.9 (42.6) | 14.7 (58.5) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 1.3 (34.3) | 1.8 (35.2) | 5.3 (41.5) | 9.1 (48.4) | 13.0 (55.4) | 16.9 (62.4) | 18.7 (65.7) | 18.4 (65.1) | 14.6 (58.3) | 10.8 (51.4) | 5.5 (41.9) | 2.3 (36.1) | 9.8 (49.6) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −2.4 (27.7) | −2.5 (27.5) | 0.3 (32.5) | 3.5 (38.3) | 7.4 (45.3) | 11.1 (52.0) | 12.9 (55.2) | 12.7 (54.9) | 9.3 (48.7) | 6.0 (42.8) | 1.5 (34.7) | −1.3 (29.7) | 4.9 (40.8) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −19.4 (−2.9) | −20.1 (−4.2) | −22.9 (−9.2) | −8.6 (16.5) | −2.9 (26.8) | −0.5 (31.1) | 3.6 (38.5) | 4.0 (39.2) | 0.7 (33.3) | −7.1 (19.2) | −14.4 (6.1) | −22.2 (−8.0) | −22.9 (−9.2) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 124.5 (4.90) | 111.5 (4.39) | 119.7 (4.71) | 107.8 (4.24) | 135.6 (5.34) | 125.2 (4.93) | 120.5 (4.74) | 131.6 (5.18) | 107.9 (4.25) | 140.8 (5.54) | 134.2 (5.28) | 151.4 (5.96) | 1,510.7 (59.48) |
| Average precipitation days (≥ 1.0 mm) | 13.9 | 12.4 | 12.6 | 12.0 | 13.6 | 11.3 | 11.1 | 11.9 | 9.8 | 12.6 | 13.8 | 15.5 | 150.3 |
| Source: Meteociel ||||||||||||||
# Hallvard Bakke

Hallvard Bakke (4 February 1943 – 30 June 2024) was a Norwegian politician for the Labour Party. He was Minister of Trade and Shipping 1976–1979, and Minister of Culture 1986–1989. From 2006 to 2010, he was the chairman of the Norwegian Broadcasting Corporation. He held a degree from the Norwegian School of Economics.
Bakke died on 30 June 2024, at the age of 81.
# Volodymyr Lutsenko

Volodymyr Lutsenko (Ukrainian: Володимир Володимирович Луценко) is a Ukrainian retired footballer.

## Career

Volodymyr Lutsenko started playing in 1997 at Podillya Khmelnytskyi. In 1999, the Ukrainian coach Vladimir Strizhevsky, who previously worked in the Khmelnytsky team, headed the Petropavlovsk "Access-Esil" and invited Lutsenko to Kazakhstan. In the same year, with this team, the Ukrainians won silver medals in the championship. The following year, the footballer returned to Podillya Khmelnytskyi, and then in transit through Nyva Vinnytsia moved to Volyn Lutsk. In the first season with Lutsenko, the Lutsk team were ninth in the first league, and the next season they won the tournament hard.
On July 7, 2002, in the game against Dnipro, Vladimir made his debut in the top league, and in total, Lutsenko played 8 matches in the top division of Ukraine. Since 2003, he has played in the teams of the lower divisions: Boreks Borodianka, Mykolaiv, Desna Chernihiv, Krystal Kherson, Krystal Kherson.
# Pender Murphy

Pender Murphy (born March 19, 1959) is a former professional tennis player from United States.
Murphy grew up in Charlotte, North Carolina and attended Clemson University, where he earned All-American honors on three occasions.
Following his time at Clemson University he competed professionally for two years. His best result on the Grand Prix tour was a semi-final appearance at Venice in 1982, after which he reached a career best ranking of 102 in the world. He competed in the main draw of two Grand Slam tournaments, the 1982 US Open and 1983 French Open.