OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Xanthine dehydrogenase

Xanthine dehydrogenase, also known as XDH, is a protein that, in humans, is encoded by the XDH gene.

## Function

Xanthine dehydrogenase belongs to the group of molybdenum-containing hydroxylases involved in the oxidative metabolism of purines. The enzyme is a homodimer. Xanthine dehydrogenase can be converted to xanthine oxidase by reversible sulfhydryl oxidation or by irreversible proteolytic modification.
Xanthine dehydrogenase catalyzes the following chemical reaction:
$\rightleftharpoons$
The three substrates of this enzyme are xanthine, NAD$^+$, and H$_2$O, whereas its three products are urate, NADH, and H$^+$.
This enzyme participates in purine metabolism.

## Nomenclature

This enzyme belongs to the family of oxidoreductases, to be specific, those acting on CH or CH$_2$ groups with NAD$^+$ or NADP$^+$ as acceptor. The systematic name of this enzyme class is xanthine:NAD$^+$ oxidoreductase. Other names in common use include NAD$^+$-xanthine dehydrogenase, xanthine-NAD$^+$ oxidoreductase, xanthine/NAD$^+$ oxidoreductase, and xanthine oxidoreductase.

## Clinical significance

Defects in xanthine dehydrogenase cause xanthinuria, may contribute to adult respiratory stress syndrome, and may potentiate influenza infection through an oxygen metabolite-dependent mechanism. It has been shown that patients with lung adenocarcinoma tumors which have high levels of XDH gene expression have lower survivals. Addiction to XDH protein has been used to target NSCLC tumors and cell lines in a precision oncology manner.
# Rinoctes

Rinoctes is a monospecific genus of deepwater maine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Alepocephalidae, the slickheads. The only species in the genus is Rinoctes nasutus, the abyssal smooth-head, which is found at depths of 2,000 metres (6,600 ft) to 4,156 metres (13,635 ft) in the Atlantic Ocean, and possibly in the Indian and Pacific Oceans. It grows to a length of 19 centimetres (7.5 in) SL.
# Francis Poictevin

Francis Paul Édouard Adrien Poictevin (27 June 1854 - 6 May 1904) was a French writer, dandy and novelist. Born to the banker Paul Poictevin in Paris, his novels amplified the processes of "artistic writing". He was a disciple of Edmond de Goncourt, friend and confident of Joris-Karl Huysmans, but turned more and more towards mysticism and madness. Forgotten, he was later strongly admired by Louis Aragon, Paul Éluard and André Breton.

## Life

Growing up in an affluent environment, after his secondary education at the lycée Louis-le-Grand and studies of law, he travelled in Germany, England and Italy and studied literature but did not take up a job. In 1882 he met Jules Barbey d'Aurevilly, the start of a friendship and a five-year correspondence. Rich and eccentric, he was one of the models for his friend Joris-Karl Huysmans's character Des Esseintes in À rebours.
Dedicated to Edmond de Goncourt, whose salon he regularly attended, his second novel Ludine was published in 1883. Guy de Maupassant devoted a favourable article to it in Le Gaulois (28 October), but he was critiqued by Léon Bloy in le Chat Noir (27 October). In 1888, he collaborated on La Revue indépendante, co-founded by Félix Fénéon.
From 1895, Francis Poictevin travelled more and more often to the Côte d'Azur for his health and stopped writing. In 1896 he married Alice Devaux, who had been his mistress since 1881. He sank slowly into silence from 1897 onwards - his fascination for Christian mysticism advocating "annihilation into God" led him into near-silence. Only Georges Rodenbach and then Huysmans still looked after him in his final years. He died at Menton, with his death certificate stating "rentier" as his profession.

## Works

* 1882 : La Robe du moine, letter preface by Alphonse Daudet, Paris, Sandoz.
* 1883 : Ludine, Bruxelles, Henry Kistemaeckers.
* 1884 : Songes, Bruxelles, H. Kistemaeckers.
* 1885 : Petitau, Bruxelles, H. Kistemaeckers.
* 1886 : Seuls, Paris, Tresse & Stock.
* 1888 : Paysages et nouveaux songes, Paris, Librairie de la Revue indépendante.
* 1888 : Derniers songes, Paris, Alphonse Lemerre.
* 1889 : Double, Paris, A. Lemerre.
* 1890 : Presque, Paris, A. Lemerre.
* 1892 : Heures, Paris, A. Lemerre.
* 1893 : Tout bas, Paris, A. Lemerre.
* 1894 : Ombres, Paris, A. Lemerre.
# Vatau Hui

Vatau Mefi Hui (born 1970) is a Tongan politician and former Cabinet Minister.
Hui worked in the education sector, as an assistant teacher at Niuatoutapu High School, then for the Ministry of Education and Tonga Institute of Education. He was first elected to the Legislative Assembly of Tonga as part of the Democratic Party of the Friendly Islands's landslide victory at the 2017 Tongan general election. In May 2018 he pleaded guilty to failing to submit a report of his electoral expenses and was fined US$129.
Following the death of ʻAkilisi Pōhiva Hui supported Pohiva Tuʻiʻonetoa for Prime Minister, leaving the DPFI to join Tuʻiʻonetoa's new People's Party. He was subsequently appointed to Tuʻiʻonetoa's Cabinet as Minister for Internal Affairs.
He was re-elected in the 2021 election, but not reappointed to Cabinet.
In February 2024 he was charged with indecent assault.
# Geoffrey Gaut

Geoffrey Charles Gaut CBE (12 October 1909 – 18 August 1992) was a scientist in Britain's early semiconductor industry.

## Early life

Gaut was born in Penwortham, Lancashire.
He was educated at the Royal Grammar School Worcester. He went to University College, Oxford, gaining a degree in Chemistry. He remained at Oxford and researched colloidal materials. During six years at Oxford, he was a member of the Oxford University Air Squadron, where he learned to master aerobatics.

## Career
### Plessey

He joined Plessey in 1934, as the second graduate employee at the company, earning £6 a week, and rose to Chief Chemist. By the start of World War II, he was in charge of all the company's research and development. He volunteered to join the RAF, passed the necessary tests, and was commissioned as an officer. When Allen Clark, of Plessey, was told of this, he coerced the RAF to stop Gaut's commission. Gaut would later work with Allen's brother, John Clark. He would later qualify as a helicopter pilot aged 58.
He set up a new research laboratory at Caswell House in Northamptonshire, which became the Caswell Research Laboratories. He became the Director of the site, followed later by Derek Roberts. In 1948 the researchers invented radar absorbent material. Britain's first research into solid-state silicon devices was begun in 1952, and in the late 1960s Gunn diodes were developed.
On 8 January 1963, he joined Plessey's board of directors as Director of Research, becoming Director of Technology in 1969. He retired in 1985.

### British research

He was a board member of the National Research Development Corporation (NRDC) for many years from April 1966.

## Personal life

He married in 1937 and had a son and daughter. He was appointed CBE in the 1973 New Year Honours. He was an organist and pianist.
# Pyrgospira tampaensis

Pyrgospira tampaensis, common name the Tampa turrid, is a species of small to medium-sized sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Pseudomelatomidae.

## Description

The size of the shell of this species varies between 10 mm and 32 mm.

## Distribution

This species occurs in the Caribbean Sea and in the Gulf of Mexico; in the Atlantic Ocean from North Carolina, USA, to Northern Brazil; fossils have been found in Quaternary strata in Florida, USA, age range: 2.588 to 0.012 Ma.
# Blagoveshchenye

Blagoveshchenye (Russian: Благовещенье) is a rural locality (a village) and the administrative center of Mardengskoye Rural Settlement, Velikoustyugsky District, Vologda Oblast, Russia. The population was 474 as of 2002. There are 14 streets.

## Geography

Blagoveshchenye is located 17 km southwest of Veliky Ustyug (the district's administrative centre) by road. Teltevo is the nearest rural locality.
# MV Nova Star

MV Nova Star is a Ropax cruiseferry, currently operating between Poland and Scandinavia under the ownership of Polferries.

## Construction and service history

The vessel was built by ST Marine in Singapore for LD Lines, which signed a $179 million contract for the vessel in 2007. She was intended to operate in the English Channel, but her contract was canceled in 2011 before she could take her maiden voyage to France.
Initially named Norman Leader, the vessel remained under the ownership of her builder, ST Marine, until being acquired by Nova Star Cruises in 2014 and renamed MV Nova Star for the Gulf of Maine service. She ran seasonal operations between Portland, Maine, and Yarmouth, Nova Scotia, under Nova Star Cruises for two seasons. Following the decision not to renew Nova Star Cruises' license to operate the service at the end of the 2015 season, Nova Star Cruises subsequently closed and Gulf of Maine operations were taken over by Bay Ferries, which has previously operated ferries in the region prior to Nova Star Cruises.
Once her Gulf of Maine service ended, Nova Star was purchased by the Moroccan company Inter Shipping. Following her arrival in Algeciras in February 2016, it was made apparent that Nova Star's bow ramp was too short to operate the service, therefore delaying her entry into service. She eventually began operating between Algeciras, Spain and Tangier, Morocco under the ownership and operation of Inter Shipping. She ran this route until 2018, when she was then purchased by Polferries, who currently operate her on the route between Poland and Scandinavia.

## Vessel details

Nova Star is an average-sized cruiseferry. Its dimensions are 161 m (528 ft) length by 25 m (82 ft) width. The vessel is capable of a top speed of 21 kn (39 km/h), and weighs roughly 27,450 GT.
The ship features a large variety of cruise-ship like features, including two restaurants, three bars, a casino gaming facility, and a duty-free retail shop. The ship also includes a children play area, live on-board entertainment, a spa and art gallery.
The vessel has 163 cabins and a capacity of 1,215 passengers. She can carry 336 car-equivalents and/or 38 commercial vehicles (semi-trailer rigs or buses) and commensurately fewer cars.
# Emlyn Hughes House

Emlyn Hughes House is a landmark four-story office building located at the intersection of Abbey Road and Holker Street in Barrow-in-Furness, England. It is named after local footballer Emlyn Hughes who captained both Liverpool F.C. and the England national team, a statue of Hughes is also located outside of the building. Emlyn Hughes House replaces the Art Deco Ritz Cinema and was designed by Bowker Sadler architects and built by Capita Symonds for Barrow Borough Council. There was much speculation that the development would become a 'white elephant' because a year after completion in 2008 the whole building remained vacant.
In April 2012, Glasgow-based Barrhead Travel opened its first office in England at Emlyn Hughes House. Barrhead Travel created offices and a call center for their Cruise Direct business as well as a retail shop at the ground floor level. In 2019 Furness Building Society relocated its headquarters to within the building.
# Jancen Poutoa

Jancen Poutoa is a Samoan amateur boxer who has represented Samoa at the Pacific Games, Youth Olympic Games, and Commonwealth Games.
At the 2018 Summer Youth Olympics in Buenos Aires, Argentina he came 4th in the middleweight class after losing to Thailand's Weerapoon Jongjoho.
At the 2019 Pacific Games in Apia he won gold in the middleweight division. In March 2020 he lost his opening bout at the 2020 Asia & Oceania Boxing Olympic Qualification Tournament and so failed to qualify for the Tokyo Olympics.
On 14 July 2022 he was selected as part of Samoa's team for the 2022 Commonwealth Games in Birmingham.
# Clara Knight

Clara Millicent Knight (died 31 July 1950) was a British classicist and academic, specialising in comparative philology and classical literature.
Knight was educated privately, and then studied classics at King's College, London, graduating with a second class honours Bachelor of Arts (BA) degree in 1909. In 1914, she was also awarded a Doctor of Literature (DLit) degree.
Knight taught at the University of London from 1910. In 1914, she was teaching at University College, London and King's College for Women. In 1916, she was a lecturer in classical literature at her alma mater King's College, London. She rose to become Reader in Classics (1929–1945) at King's College. In addition to her teaching, she was a Member of Council of the Hellenic Society and of the Council of the Classical Association.

## Selected works

* Knight, Clara M. (1914). "The Importance of the Veronese Palimpsest in the First Decade of Livy". The Classical Quarterly. 8 (3): 166–180. ISSN 0009-8388.
* Knight, Clara M. (1918). "The TO- Participle with the Accusative in Latin". The American Journal of Philology. 39 (2): 184–192. doi:10.2307/289531. ISSN 0002-9475.
* T. Macci Plauti (1919). Knight, Clara M. (ed.). Menaechmi. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
* Knight, Clara M. (1921). "The Time-Meaning of the To-Participle in Vergil". The American Journal of Philology. 42 (3): 260–264. doi:10.2307/289584. ISSN 0002-9475.
* Knight, Clara M. (1921). Greek and Latin adverbs and their value in the reconstruction of the prehistoric declensions. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
# Derius Swinton II

Derius Swinton II (April 26, 1985) is an American football coach who is the assistant special teams coach for the Las Vegas Raiders. He previously served as an assistant coach for the Arizona Cardinals, Detroit Lions, Chicago Bears, San Francisco 49ers, Denver Broncos Los Angeles Chargers and Kansas City Chiefs.

## Early years

Swinton played college football at Hampton University from 2003 to 2006. He finished his college career with 103 tackles, 19 passes defensed and eight interceptions.

## Coaching career
### Tennessee

In 2007, Swinton became a defensive graduate assistant at Tennessee and would stay in that role all the way through the 2008 season.

### St. Louis Rams

In 2009, Swinton was hired by the St. Louis Rams as the special teams quality control coach, he maintained that role for three seasons, before being let go after the 2011 season.

### Kansas City Chiefs

In 2012, Swinton had been offered another job in the same role by the Kansas City Chiefs. He worked with Kansas City's newly hired offensive quality control coach, Jim Bob Cooter, who he was familiar with from his days at Tennessee.

### Denver Broncos

In 2013, Swinton was hired by the Denver Broncos as a special teams assistant. He stayed with Broncos for two seasons from 2013 to 2014.

### Chicago Bears

In 2015, Swinton followed John Fox, who was fired by the Broncos, to the Chicago Bears to serve as a special teams assistant.

### San Francisco 49ers

On January 22, 2016, Swinton was hired by the San Francisco 49ers as their special teams coordinator under by head coach Chip Kelly.

### Chicago Bears (second stint)

Following the firing of Kelly in San Francisco, Swinton returned to the Chicago Bears as their assistant special teams coach in 2017.

### Detroit Lions

In 2018, Swinton was hired by the Detroit Lions as an offensive assistant under head coach Matt Patricia.

### Arizona Cardinals

In 2019, Swinton joined the Arizona Cardinals under the Bill Walsh NFL diversity coaching fellowship. In 2020, Swinton was hired full-time by the Cardinals to serve as their assistant special teams coach.

### Los Angeles Chargers

On January 25, 2021, Swinton was hired by the Los Angeles Chargers as their special teams coordinator under head coach Brandon Staley. Following the 2021 season, on January 19, 2022, Swinton was fired by the Chargers.

### Las Vegas Raiders

On March 3, 2023, Swinton was hired by the Las Vegas Raiders as a special teams assistant.
# 1996 Scheldeprijs

The 1996 Scheldeprijs was the 83rd edition of the Scheldeprijs cycle race and was held on 24 April 1996. The race was won by Frank Vandenbroucke of the Mapei team.

## General classification

| Rank | Rider | Team | Time |
| 1 | Frank Vandenbroucke (BEL) | Mapei–GB | 4h 30' 49" |
| 2 | Tom Steels (BEL) | Mapei–GB | + 2" |
| 3 | Eric Vanderaerden (BEL) | San Marco Group | + 2" |
| 4 | Ján Svorada (CZE) | Panaria–Vinavil | + 2" |
| 5 | Erik Zabel (GER) | Team Telekom | + 2" |
| 6 | Giovanni Lombardi (ITA) | Team Polti | + 2" |
| 7 | Mauro Bettin (ITA) | Refin–Mobilvetta | + 2" |
| 8 | Johan Verstrepen (BEL) | Vlaanderen 2002–Eddy Merckx | + 2" |
| 9 | Wilfried Peeters (BEL) | Mapei–GB | + 2" |
| 10 | Mario De Clercq (BEL) | Palmans–Boghemans | + 2" |
# Belozerovo, Ust-Alexeyevskoye Rural Settlement, Velikoustyugsky District, Vologda Oblast

Belozerovo (Russian: Белозерово) is a rural locality (a village) in Ust-Alexeyevskoye Rural Settlement, Velikoustyugsky District, Vologda Oblast, Russia. The population was 8 as of 2002.

## Geography

The distance to Veliky Ustyug is 54 km, to Ust-Alexeyevo is 2 km. Dresvishche is the nearest rural locality.
# Mwatabu S. Okantah

Mwatabu S. Okantah (born August 18, 1952 in Newark, New Jersey, United States) is an American poet, essayist, professor, and vocalist.

## Life and career

Born Wilbur Thomas Smith in 1952 in Orange, New Jersey, he was raised in Vauxhall, NJ, and graduated from Union High School (Union Township) in 1970. He holds a B.A. degree in English and African Studies from Kent State University (1976), where he studied with Halim El-Dabh and Fela Sowande. He earned a M.A. in creative writing from the City College of New York in 1982.
He has said of his name change during the 1970s: "I made this decision after having been introduced to Richard Wright's Native Son, and The Autobiography of Malcolm X during the spring of my freshman year at the university. Reading those books literally changed my life. I changed my name because my study of the African experience in America affected me - quite to my surprise - on a very profound and personal level.” His chosen surname, Okantah, means "breaker of rock" in the Ga language of Ghana. "Mwatabu" is Swahili for "born in a time of tribulation or sorrow."
He is currently a Professor, Poet in Residence, and the Interim Chair of the Department of Pan-African Studies at Kent State University, and also serves as the Director of that university's Ghana Study Abroad Program.
He is the lead vocalist with the Muntu Kuntu Energy Ensemble and has performed frequently with the Cavani String Quartet and with Vince Robinson and the Jazz Poets of Cleveland, Ohio.
# Fred Hammill

Frederick Parkin Hammill (4 May 1856 - 8 July 1901) was a British trade union activist, and a co-founder of the Independent Labour Party.

## Career

Known generally as "Fred", Hammill was born in Leeds on 4 May 1856, trained as an engineer, and moved to London to work at the Royal Arsenal in Woolwich, where he became a well-known labour activist and trade unionist.
Hammill spoke in defence of John Burns in trials after the 1887 Trafalgar Square Riot, was active in the London Trades Council (seconding Burns's support for the 1891 Scottish rail strike) and in the TUC, and he would speak indoors and outdoors to crowds of up to 6,000 people. He joined the Fabian Society in the early 1890s.
In 1891 Hammill organised a strike of London bus and tram workers on pay and hours, and he was one of the founders of the Independent Labour Party. In 1893 he spoke at a demonstration and rally in Trafalgar Square on workers’ rights. Strongly associated with Tom Mann and with Will Crooks' Poplar-based Labour movement, Hammill helped establish the Woolwich ILP in 1894, with Robert Banner.
In 1894, Hammill became a full-time organiser for the Fabian Society in Durham. A member of the Amalgamated Society of Engineers (ASE), in July 1895 Hammill was the first socialist to stand for election to parliament as an ILP candidate in Newcastle. Unsuccessful, he changed tack to run a pub (The Swan in Topcliffe in Yorkshire), for which he was criticised politically.
He was elected to the Thirsk Rural District Council in 1901.
He died on 8 July 1901 from influenza, aged 45 years.

## Personal life

When Fred Hammill was a child, his family lived in a pub (the Grey Mare Inn, 132 Low Road, Hunslet) in Leeds, run by his father Thomas.
Hammill married Ada Peel (9 July 1860 – c. Feb 1940) and they had three children (Arthur Earnest (1880-1945), Helen (1882-1904), Gertrude Wright (1888-1959)). After moving to London from Leeds, they lived at 25 Coxwell Road in Plumstead for a period (c. 1890 to 1892).
Ada's father Joseph Peel was an inn-keeper.

## Works

* An address at the first annual conference of the National Vehicular Traffic Workers’ Union, 1892. (pamphlet) [1892].
* The Necessity of an Independent Labour Party: speech at the annual meeting of the Newcastle Independent Labour Party held at Newcastle on 3 January 1893. (pamphlet), UK: Newcastle upon Tyne: Dowling [1893].
* The Claims and Progress of Labor Representation. (pamphlet), UK: Newcastle upon Tyne: Dowling [1894].
* Out of Work: The Problem of the Unemployed. (pamphlet), UK: Newcastle upon Tyne: Dowling [1894].
* "Onward to Victory" (a chapter in) The New Party (book), pages 49 to 53, Book Authors: Andrew Reid; Walter Crane. Publisher: Hodder Brothers, 18 New Bridge Street, E.C., Edinburgh and London, UK. [1895].