# Trinity College Chapel, Cambridge

Trinity College Chapel is the chapel of Trinity College, Cambridge, a constituent college of the University of Cambridge. Part of a complex of Grade I listed buildings at Trinity, it dates from the mid 16th century. It is an Anglican church in the Anglo-Catholic tradition.

## Building and architecture

The chapel was begun in 1554–55 by order of Queen Mary and was completed in 1567 by her half-sister, Elizabeth I. The architectural style is Tudor-Gothic, with Perpendicular tracery and pinnacles. The roof is of an earlier style than the rest of the building, and may have been re-used from the chapel of King's Hall, the college which preceded Trinity on this site. Only the walls and roof are of Tudor date, but the walls were re-faced in ashlar in the 19th-century and present slate roof-covering is modern. The whole chapel was restored by Edward Blore in 1832 and further work took place between 1868 and 1873 when Arthur Blomfield added the vestry, Choir-room and porch, and the Chapel re-roofed, painted and glazed.

## Windows

The original white-glass windows with religious inscriptions were replaced as part of the redecoration of the chapel that took place between 1871 and 1875. The cost of the redecoration works was £20,000 (equivalent to £2.4 million in 2023) of which £11,000 (equivalent to £1.3 million in 2023) was raised by subscriptions. This late Victorian pictorial stained glass was designed by Pre-Raphaelite artist Henry Holiday to a scheme devised by Trinity theologians, B.F. Westcott and F.J.A. Hort. They comprise eight windows on the north side and seven on the south side of the quire, each depicting eight figures representing features or movements of the related period, in roughly historical sequence and arranged in an upper and lower row of four. The cost of the windows was supported by donors who were Trinity alumni themselves or given in dedication to the memory of alumni.
The table below contains details of each window, with Latin inscription and related article link.
Trinity College Chapel Windows :
| Window | Theme | (West) People (East) | (West) People (East) | (West) People (East) | (West) People (East) | Donor(s) |
| North 1 | Disciples of Christ | S. MARIA MAGD. Mary Magdalene | S. THOMAS Thomas the Apostle | S. MARTHA Martha | S. MARIA MARTHÆ SOROR Mary, sister of Martha | T. J. Phillips Jodrell |
| North 1 | Disciples of Christ | NICODEMUS Nicodemus | S. NATHANIEL Saint Nathaniel | S. PHILIPPUS Philip the Apostle | S. ANDREAS Andrew the Apostle | T. J. Phillips Jodrell |
| South 1 | Evangelists and Teachers | S. IACOBUS MI. James the Less | S. PETRUS Saint Peter | S. PAULUS Paul the Apostle | APOLLOS Apollos | Hugh Andrew Johnstone Munro |
| South 1 | Evangelists and Teachers | S. MATTHAEUS Matthew the Apostle | S. MARCUS Mark the Evangelist | S. LUCAS Luke the Evangelist | S. JOHANNES St John the Evangelist | Hugh Andrew Johnstone Munro |
| North 2 | The Ante-Nicene Church | S. CYPRIANUS Cyprian | ORIGENES Origen | TERTULLIANUS Tertullian | S. PERPETUA Perpetua | William George Clark |
| North 2 | The Ante-Nicene Church | S. PANTÆNUS Pantænus | S. JUSTINUS MAR. Justin Martyr | S. IGNATIUS Ignatius of Antioch | S. CLEMENS ROM. Pope Clement I | William George Clark |
| South 2 | The Church of the First Days | CORNELIVS Cornelius the Centurion | S. DIONYSIVS Dionysius the Areopagite | LYDIA Lydia of Thyatira | ONESIMVS Onesimus | Revd Henry John Hotham |
| South 2 | The Church of the First Days | S. BARNABAS Barnabas | S. STEPHANVS Saint Stephen | S. TIMOTHEVS Saint Timothy | PHŒBE Phoebe | Revd Henry John Hotham |
| North 3 | The Western Church | S. GREGORIUS M. Pope Gregory I | S. BENEDICTUS Benedict of Nursia | S. LEO MAGNUS Pope Leo I | S. MARTIN TUR. Martin of Tours | Revd Spencer Mansel, in memory of William Lort Mansel |
| North 3 | The Western Church | S. AUGUSTINUS HIP. Augustine of Hippo | S. MONNICA Saint Monica | S. HIERONYMUS Jerome | S. AMBROSIUS Ambrose | Revd Spencer Mansel, in memory of William Lort Mansel |
| South 3 | The Eastern Church | EUSEBIUS PAMPH. Eusebius | IMP. CONSTANTINUS M. Constantine the Great | HELENA AUG. Helena, mother of Constantine I | IMP. JUSTINIANUS Justinian I | Mrs Thrupp in memory of Joseph Francis Thrupp |
| South 3 | The Eastern Church | S. ATHANASIUS Athanasius of Alexandria | S. BASILIUS M. Basil of Caesarea | S. EPHRAEM SYRUS Ephrem the Syrian | S. JO. CHRYSOSTOMUS John Chrysostom | Mrs Thrupp in memory of Joseph Francis Thrupp |
| North 4 | Latin Christianity | GIOTTUS Giotto | FRANCISCUS ASSIS Francis of Assisi | GREGORIUS VII Pope Gregory VII | COLUMBANUS Columbanus | Coutts Trotter |
| North 4 | Latin Christianity | DANTES ALLIGH Dante Alighieri | LUDOVICUS IX Louis IX of France | THOMAS AQUINAS Thomas Aquinas | IMP. CAROLUS M. Charlemagne | Coutts Trotter |
| South 4 | The Anglo-Saxon Church | BONAFACIUS AP. GER. Saint Boniface | BEDA VENERABILIS Bede | ALCUINUS Alcuin | ALFREDUS REX Alfred the Great | Mrs Mathison, in memory of the Revd William Collings Mathison |
| South 4 | The Anglo-Saxon Church | ALBANUS MARTYR Saint Alban | AUGUSTINUS ARCH. CANT. Augustine of Canterbury | BERTHA REG. CANT. Bertha of Kent | THEODORUS ARCH. CANT. Theodore of Tarsus | Mrs Mathison, in memory of the Revd William Collings Mathison |
| North 5 | English Ecclesiastical Life before the Reformation | WOLSEY CARDINALIS Thomas Wolsey | GULIELMUS EP. WINTON William of Wykeham | ROBERTUS EP. LINCOLN Robert Grosseteste | HUGO EP. LINCOLN Hugh of Avalon | Augustus Arthur VanSittart |
| North 5 | English Ecclesiastical Life before the Reformation | STEPHANUS ARCHIEP. CANT. Stephen Langton | THOMAS ARCHIEP. CANT. Thomas Becket | ANSELMUS ARCHIEP. CANT. Anselm of Canterbury | LANFRANCUS ARCHIEP. CANT Lanfranc | Augustus Arthur VanSittart |
| South 5 | English National Life before the Reformation | EDWARDUS WALL PR. Edward the Black Prince | JO. DUNS SCOTUS Duns Scotus | GALFR. CHAUCER Geoffrey Chaucer | GULL. CAXTON William Caxton | Joseph Barber Lightfoot |
| South 5 | English National Life before the Reformation | SIMON DE MONTFORT Simon de Montfort, 6th Earl of Leicester | MATTHÆUS PARIS Matthew Paris | EDWARDUS PRIMUS Edward I of England | FR. ROGER BACON Roger Bacon | Joseph Barber Lightfoot |
| North 6 | Founders and Benefactors of the University and College | MARIA REG. Mary I of England | HENRICUS VIII Henry VIII of England | EDWARDUS III Edward III of England | HERV. DE STANTON Hervey de Stanton | Benjamin Gray |
| North 6 | Founders and Benefactors of the University and College | H. DE BALSHAM EP. EL. Hugh de Balsham | HENRICUS III Henry III of England | ETHELDREDA ABB. Æthelthryth | SIGEBERTUS ANGLOR. REX Sigeberht of East Anglia | Benjamin Gray |
| South 6 | The English Reformation | H. LATIMER EP. VIG. Hugh Latimer | EDWARDUS VI Edward VI | N. RIDLEY EP. LOND. Nicholas Ridley | ELIZABETH REG. Elizabeth I | Robert Burn |
| South 6 | The English Reformation | IO. WYCLIFFE John Wycliffe | DES. ERASMUS Erasmus | W. TYNDALE William Tyndale | T. CRANMER ARCHIEP. Thomas Cranmer | Robert Burn |
| North 7 | University and College Worthies | T. NEVILE Thomas Nevile | IO. WHITGIFT ARCH. John Whitgift | M. BUCER Martin Bucer | IO. REDMAN John Redman | Edward William Blore |
| North 7 | University and College Worthies | C. TUNSTALL. EP. DUN. Cuthbert Tunstall | IO. FISHER EP. ROFF. John Fisher | IO. DE BAGGESHOTE John de Baggeshott | GU. DE BUXTON Walter de Buxton | Edward William Blore |
| South 7 | Worthies of the College | H. SPELMAN Henry Spelman | IO. DOM. CRAVEN John Craven, 1st Baron Craven of Ryton | A. MARVEL Andrew Marvell | IO. HACKET EP. LICH. John Hacket | M.R. Cope, Esq., in memory of his brother, the Revd Edward Meredith Cope |
| South 7 | Worthies of the College | FR. BACON Francis Bacon | IO. DONNE John Donne | G. HERBERT George Herbert | E. COKE. Edward Coke | M.R. Cope, Esq., in memory of his brother, the Revd Edward Meredith Cope |
| North 8 | Worthies of Trinity College | R. BENTLEY Richard Bentley | IS. NEWTON Isaac Newton | R. COTES Roger Cotes | IO. RAY John Ray | Joseph Prior, Mrs Thompson in memory of George Peacock and Charles de la Pryme in memory of George Pryme |
| North 8 | Worthies of Trinity College | IO. DRYDEN John Dryden | A. COWLEY Abraham Cowley | IS. BARROW Isaac Barrow | IO. PEARSON John Pearson | Joseph Prior, Mrs Thompson in memory of George Peacock and Charles de la Pryme in memory of George Pryme |

## Memorials

There are many memorials to former fellows of Trinity within the chapel, some statues, some brasses, including two memorials to graduates and fellows who died during both World Wars. There are also several graves dating from earlier periods.

## Organ

The chapel has a fine organ, originally built by "Father" Smith in 1694. Many alterations were made over the years until, in 1913, an almost totally new organ was built. Some of the pipes were so large that they would not fit in the organ loft and instead had to stand in a corner of the ante-chapel. In 1976 the present mechanical-action instrument, based on the surviving pipework and within the original cases, was completed by the Swiss firm Metzler Söhne. There are regular recitals on Sundays during term time.

## Choir

The Choir of Trinity College, Cambridge is composed of around thirty male and female Choral Scholars and two Organ Scholars, all of whom are undergraduates of the College. Besides singing the liturgy in the chapel, the choir has an extensive programme of performances and recordings. The current Director of Music is Steven Grahl.

## Burial ground

The Ascension Parish Burial Ground contains the graves or interred cremations of twenty-seven fellows of Trinity College, including three Vice-Masters.

## List of deans of Chapel

The Dean of Chapel holds responsibility for the Chapel and the Clergy at Trinity.
* 1873–1877: Handley Moule
* ? – ? Frederick Arthur Simpson
* 1923–1943: Hugh Fraser Stewart
* 1943–1958: John Burnaby
* 1958-1969: Harry Williams
* 1969–1983: John Robinson
* 1984–1991: John Bowker
* 1991–2006: Arnold Browne
* 2006–present: Michael Banner

## List of memorials/graves

* Top
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* X
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* Z
| Name | Artefact | Notes |
| Herbert Mayow Adams | Brass | |
| John Frank Adams | Brass | |
| Edgar Douglas Adrian | Brass | |
| Richard Appleton | Brass | |
| William Joscelyn Arkell | Brass | |
| Francis William Aston | Brass | |
| Humphrey Babington | Interment | |
| Francis Bacon | Statue | by Weekes, 1845, donated by Daniel Lock. |
| Thomas Bainbrig | Interment | |
| Francis Maitland Balfour | Brass | |
| Isaac Barrow | Statue | by Noble, 1853 presented 1858. |
| Edward Bathurst | Interment | |
| John Beaumont | Interment | Fellow. d. 6 June 1565. Buried in Ante-Chapel. |
| William John Beaumont | Interment | |
| Edward White Benson | Brass | |
| Richard Bentley | Interment | |
| Abram Samoilovitch Besicovitch | Brass | |
| Anthony Ashley Bevan | Brass | |
| Alfred Maurice Binnie | Brass | |
| Maurice Black | Brass | |
| Edward William Blore | Brass | |
| Edward William Blore | Interment | |
| Anchitel Harry Fletcher Boughey | Brass | |
| William Lawrence Bragg | Brass | |
| Daniel Bratteli | Interment | |
| Charlie Dunbar Broad | Brass | |
| Benjamin Chapman Browne | Brass | |
| Isaac Hawkins Browne | Sculpture | |
| John(?) Browning | Interment | d.1598. Buried in Ante-Chapel floor. |
| Francis Crawford Burkitt | Brass | |
| Robert Burn | Brass | |
| John Burnaby | Brass | |
| Samuel Henry Butcher | Brass | |
| Henry Montagu Butler | Brass | |
| James Ramsay Montagu Butler | Brass | |
| Richard Austen Butler | Brass | |
| John Walton Capstick | Brass | |
| Edward Hallett Carr | Brass | |
| Arthur Cayley | Brass | |
| George Chare | Sculpture | |
| George Chare | Interment | |
| George Sidney Roberts Kitson Clark | Brass | |
| John Willis Clark | Brass | |
| Gerard Francis Cobb | Brass | |
| Patrick Cock | Interment | |
| Nathanael Cole | Interment | |
| John Cooper | Interment | Fellow and Proctor. Vicar of Barrington. Died 9 December 1714. |
| William Corker | Interment | |
| Francis MacDonald Cornford | Brass | |
| Roger Robert Cotes | Sculpture | |
| Peter Courthope | Interment | |
| William Cunningham | Brass | |
| Henry Hallett Dale | Brass | |
| William Cecil Dampier Dampier | Brass | |
| George Howard Darwin | Brass | |
| Harold Davenport | Brass | |
| John Davies | Sculpture | 1744–1817. Vice-Master; botanist. |
| Basil Denis Dennis-Jones | Sculpture | |
| Maurice Herbert Dobb | Brass | |
| Peter Paul Dobree | Sculpture | |
| William Drury | Interment | |
| James Duff Duff | Brass | |
| Patrick William Duff | Brass | |
| Frederick James Dykes | Brass | |
| Arthur Stanley Eddington | Brass | |
| Henry Outram Evennett | Brass | |
| Frederick Field | Brass | |
| Walter Morley Fletcher | Brass | |
| Michael Foster | Brass | 8 March 1836 – 29 January 1907. |
| Ralph Howard Fowler | Brass | |
| James George Frazer | Brass | |
| Otto Robert Frisch | Brass | |
| John Andrew Gallagher | Brass | |
| James Whitbread Lee Glaisher | Brass | |
| George Peabody Gooch | Brass | |
| Harry Chester Goodhart | Brass | |
| William Gostwycke | Interment | |
| Andrew Sydenham Farrar Gow | Brass | |
| Alan Gray | Brass | |
| Andrew Hacket | Interment | |
| James Lemprière Hammond | Brass | |
| Charles John Hamson | Brass | |
| Godfrey Harold Hardy | Brass | |
| Ernest Harrison | Brass | |
| Samuel Hawkes | Sculpture | |
| William(?) Herbert | Interment | Bachelor of Divinity and Fellow, 1657–15 November 1715. |
| David Arthur Gilbert Hinks | Brass | |
| Alan Lloyd Hodgkin | Brass | |
| Henry Arthur Hollond | Brass | |
| Francis Hooper | Sculpture | |
| Frederick Gowland Hopkins | Brass | |
| Fenton John Anthony Hort | Brass | |
| Alfred Edward Housman | Brass | |
| Thomas Percy Hudson | Brass | |
| Hugo McLeod Innes | Brass | |
| Henry Jackson | Brass | |
| Richard Claverhouse Jebb | Brass | |
| Francis John Henry Jenkinson | Brass | |
| Thomas Jones | Sculpture | by Joseph Nollekens. |
| Piotr Leonidovich Kapitza | Brass | |
| Alan Ker | Brass | |
| Charles William King | Brass | |
| Alexander Francis Kirkpatrick | Brass | |
| George Sidney Roberts Kitson Clark | Brass | |
| Arthur Harold John Knight | Brass | |
| James Lambert | Sculpture | in Vestry. Regius Professor of Greek. 7 March 1741 – 28 April 1823. |
| John Newport Langley | Brass | |
| Gaillard Thomas Lapsley | Brass | |
| Reginald Vere Laurence | Brass | |
| Ralph Alexander Leigh | Brass | |
| Gerald Ponsonby Lenox-Conyngham | Brass | |
| Joseph Barber Lightfoot | Brass | |
| Denis Dionysius | Interment | |
| John Edensor Littlewood | Brass | |
| Daniel Lock | Sculpture | by Roubillac, north wall of the Ante-Chapel. |
| Henry Richards Luard | Brass | |
| William Lynnet | Interment | |
| Thomas Babington Macaulay | Statue | by Woolner, 1868. |
| Charles Fox Maitland | Sculpture | |
| Frederick William Maitland | Brass | |
| Frederick Malkin | Sculpture | |
| Frederick George Mann | Brass | |
| William Lort Mansel | Interment | |
| Francis Martin | Brass | on south wall of the Ante-Chapel. 1802–1868. Senior Bursar; Vice-Master. |
| John McTaggart Ellis McTaggart | Brass | |
| Moore Meredith | Interment | |
| Hubert Stanley Middleton | Brass | |
| George Edward Moore | Brass | |
| Hugh Andrew Johnstone Munro | Brass | |
| Hugh Frank Newall | Brass | |
| Isaac Newton | Statue | by Roubillac, presented 1755. |
| Tressilian Charles Nicholas | Brass | |
| Reynold Alleyne Nicholson | Brass | |
| John North | Interment | |
| Charles William Oatley | Brass | |
| Carl Frederick Abel Pantin | Brass | |
| Reginald St John Parry | Brass | |
| Alfred Chilton Pearson | Brass | |
| Richard Porson | Sculpture | |
| Richard Porson | Interment | |
| John Percival Postgate | Brass | |
| Joseph Prior | Brass | |
| Mark Gillachrist Marlborough Pryor | Brass | |
| Srinavasa Ramanujan | Brass | |
| Robert Mantle Rattenbury | Brass | |
| Dennis Holme Robertson | Brass | |
| Donald Struan Robertson | Brass | |
| John Arthur Thomas Robinson | Brass | |
| Robert Robson | Brass | |
| Thomas Rotherham | Interment | |
| Francis John Worsley Roughton | Brass | |
| Walter William Rouse Ball | Brass | |
| William Albert Hugh Rushton | Brass | |
| Bertrand Russell | Brass | |
| Ernest Rutherford | Brass | |
| Martin Ryle | Brass | |
| Francis Henry Sandbach | Brass | |
| Thomas Secford | Interment | |
| Adam Sedgwick | Brass | |
| Adam Sedgwick | Interment | |
| Thomas Kynaston Selwyn | Sculpture | |
| Richard Sheepshanks | Sculpture | |
| Henry Sidgwick | Brass | |
| Frederick Arthur Simpson | Brass | |
| Elizmar Smith | Brass | |
| Robert Smith | Interment | |
| Thomas Smith | Interment | Senior Fellow and Vice-Master. Vicar of Chesterton. 1658–1714. |
| James Spedding | Sculpture | |
| Piero Sraffa | Brass | |
| Charles Villiers Stanford | Brass | |
| Vincent Henry Stanton | Brass | |
| Richard Stevenson | Sculpture | by William Grinsell Nicholl on the south wall of the Ante-Chapel.19 October 1811 – 28 September 1837. |
| Hugo Fraser Stewart | Brass | |
| James Stuart | Brass | |
| Geoffrey Ingram Taylor | Brass | |
| Henry Martyn Taylor | Brass | |
| Sedley Taylor | Brass | |
| Frederick Robert Tennant | Brass | |
| Alfred, Lord Tennyson | Statue | |
| Arthur Thacker | Interment | |
| William Hepworth Thompson | Brass | |
| William Hepworth Thompson | Interment | |
| Joseph John Thomson | Brass | |
| Thomas Thorp | Brass | |
| George Macaulay Trevelyan | Brass | |
| Coutts Trotter | Brass | |
| Walter Ullmann | Brass | |
| Ralph Vaughan Williams | Brass | |
| Arthur Woollgar Verrall | Brass | |
| John Michal Kenneth Vyvyan | Brass | |
| Thomas Attwood Walmisley | Brass | |
| Edward Walpole | Interment | |
| James Ward | Brass | |
| Brooke Foss Westcott | Brass | |
| William Whewell | Statue | by Woolner, 1872. |
| William Whewell | Interment | |
| Stephen Whisson | Interment | |
| Alfred North Whitehead | Brass | |
| John Willis Clark | Brass | |
| John Wilson | Interment | in Ante-Chapel. Fellow; Tutor; Senior Bursar. Vicar of Over and Chesterton. d. 26 October 1754. |
| Denys Arthur Winstanley | Brass | |
| Carl Winter | Brass | |
| Arthur John Terence Dibben Wisdom | Brass | |
| Ludwig Wittgenstein | Brass | |
| John Wordsworth | Sculpture | |
| John Wordsworth | Interment | |
| William Aldis Wright | Brass | |