OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Romanian calendar

The Romanian calendar is the Gregorian, adopted in 1919. However, the traditional Romanian calendar has its own names for the months. In modern Romania and Moldova, the Gregorian calendar is exclusively used for business and government transactions and predominates in popular use as well. Nevertheless, the traditional names of the months do appear in some contexts, for instance on ecclesiastical calendars produced by the Romanian Orthodox Church.

## History

Romania adopted the Gregorian calendar on 1 April 1919, which became 14 April 1919. In 2019, the National Bank of Romania released a commemorative coin of 10 silver lei to celebrate the centenary of Romania's adoption of the calendar.

## Traditional month names

All the traditional names of the months are of Latin origin, which indicates that their use predates the Slavic contact around the 8th century. Six months have their names derived from characteristics of the months. Five are derived from the Latin names now used in the Gregorian calendar (and earlier in the Julian calendar). However, each of these has a folk etymology and an additional meaning. The last month, December, derives its name from that of Saint Andrew.
| Month | usual Romanian name | traditional Romanian name | derivation of traditional Romanian name |
| January | ianuarie | gerar | derived from januarius, folk etymology connects it to ger – "bitter cold"; as winter reaches its depth during this month. |
| February | februarie | făurar | derived from februarius; folk etymology connects it with a făuri – "to create"; hence, făurar could also mean "ironsmith", who shapes objects to be used in spring, and "creator", referring to the cold that generates new shapes |
| March | martie | mărțișor | mărțișor – derived from martius, with diminutive -ișor, hence "little March" |
| April | aprilie | prier | derived from aprilis; folk etymology connects it with a prii – "to have a good omen", because it was considered a good month to continue agricultural works begun in March, and for flocks of sheep to form |
| May | mai | florar | floare – "flower"; a month of abundant vegetation. Compare with Floréal in the French Republican Calendar. |
| June | iunie | cireșar | cireș – "cherry tree", whose fruit ripens now |
| July | iulie | cuptor | cuptor – "oven"; often the hottest month, and also when wheat is ready for harvest |
| August | august | gustar | derived from augustus; folk etymology connects it with a gusta – "to taste", as fruit now starts to become ready for picking |
| September | septembrie | răpciune$^1$; viniceriu$^2$ | $^1$weather-related, referring to the incipient cold; $^2$vin – "wine", as September is the wine-producing month. Compare with Vendémiaire in the French Republican Calendar. |
| October | octombrie | brumărel | brumă – "hoarfrost"; brumărel means "little hoarfrost", as this is just beginning to appear in October |
| November | noiembrie | brumar | brumă – "hoarfrost", in full swing this month; cf. French Republican Calendar month Brumaire |
| December | decembrie | undrea | from Îndrea (< Andreas); Saint Andrew's feast day, November 30, ushers in this month |
# Podsosenye, Velikoustyugsky District, Vologda Oblast

Podsosenye (Russian: Подсосенье) is a rural locality (a village) in Samotovinskoye Rural Settlement, Velikoustyugsky District, Vologda Oblast, Russia. The population was 249 as of 2002.

## Geography

Podsosenye is located 10 km southwest of Veliky Ustyug (the district's administrative centre) by road. Chernyatino is the nearest rural locality.
# Frank A. Briggs

Frank Arlington Briggs (September 15, 1858 – August 9, 1898) was an American Republican elected official who served as the fifth governor of North Dakota from January 6, 1897 until his death nineteen months later.

## Biography

Frank A. Briggs was born in the town of Minneapolis, Minnesota, and was variously employed as a printer and journalist. He married Nannie Rachel Meek on July 12, 1877 and they had two daughters, Stella and Bessie. Twenty-three years old in 1881, he moved to the city of Mandan, the county seat of North Dakota's Morton County, where he dealt in real estate. At that time the area was still Dakota Territory.

## Career

Campaigning for public office, he was elected county treasurer, serving from 1885 to 1887, gained the statewide post of auditor in 1894 and, finally, in November 1896, prevailed in the gubernatorial election. An activist executive, he participated in discussions of laws being drafted by the state legislature, including passage of the revenue bill as well as a general railway law which regulated movement of freight and passengers.

## Death

Having struggled with tuberculosis, Governor Briggs lost the battle in Bismarck five weeks before his 40th birthday. Lieutenant Governor Joseph M. Devine served the remaining four-and-a-half months of the governor's two-year term. He was buried in Howard Lake Cemetery, Howard Lake, MN. Briggs was the first North Dakota Governor to die while in office.
# Ashley Cooper (singer)

Ashley Cooper (born 23 February 1988) is a country singer from New Zealand.

## Biography

Cooper was born in Cambridge, New Zealand. She was a contestant on the second series of New Zealand Idol. After being the third person to be eliminated out of the top ten on Idol, she released her first single "I Want You", which debuted at nineteen and eventually peaked at number nine. Most of the single's success can be based on the physical sales of the single, as well as airplay, which it received.
Cooper and songwriter Michael Tipping began working together in 2007, forming the duo 2am. They later changed the name to Michael & Ashley, and then to Cooper's Run. They were named New Zealand's Rising Stars and Horizon Winners at the New Zealand National Country Music Awards in 2009. In the same year, Cooper became the first New Zealander to sing at the Global Artist Showcase in Nashville. The duo also released the album "Missing Home".
In 2010 the duo won Duo/Group of the Year at the New Zealand National Country Music Awards. In 2011 the pair were the opening support act for country group Lady Antebellum at their Auckland concert.

## Discography

* (2005) "Dedicated to the One I Love", (with the finalists of NZ Idol) - #5 NZ
* (2006) "I Want You" - #9 NZ
* (2010) "Summertime"
# Conostylis dielsii

Conostylis dielsii is a tufted perennial, grass-like plant or herb in the family Haemodoraceae and is endemic to the south-west of Western Australia. It forms short rhizomes, and has cylindrical leaves and creamy-yellow flowers.

## Description

Conostylis dielsii is a tufted perennial, grass-like plant or herb that forms short rhizomes and typically grows to 13–33 cm (5.1–13.0 in) high. The leaves are round in cross-section, 7–330 mm (0.28–12.99 in) long and 0.5–1.8 mm (0.020–0.071 in) wide and glabrous, apart from woolly hairs at the base. The flowers are arranged in dense cymes or heads on a hairy flowering stalk 40–100 mm (1.6–3.9 in) long with leaf-like bracts 6–15 mm (0.24–0.59 in) long. The perianth is creamy-yellow, 7.5–10 mm (0.30–0.39 in) long with lobes 4–6 mm (0.16–0.24 in) long. The anthers are 2.5–4 mm (0.098–0.157 in) long and the style 6.0–8.5 mm (0.24–0.33 in) long. Flowering occurs in July and August.

## Taxonomy and naming

Conostylis dielsii was first formally described in 1903 by William Vincent Fitzgerald in the Journal of the Proceedings of the Mueller Botany Society of Western Australia from a specimen collected near Mingenew by Ludwig Diels. The specific epithet (dielsii) honours the collector of the type specimens.
In 1987, Stephen Hopper described two subspecies of C. dielsii in the Flora of Australia, and the names are accepted by the Australian Plant Census:
* Conostylis dielsii W.Fitzg. subsp. dielsii has leaves 70–155 mm (2.8–6.1 in) long and 0.8–1.8 mm (0.031–0.071 in) wide, the flowering stalk 20–100 mm (0.79–3.94 in) long.
* Conostylis dielsii subsp. teres Hopper has leaves 130–330 mm (5.1–13.0 in) long and less than 1.0 mm (0.039 in) wide, the flowering stalk 10–145 mm (0.39–5.71 in) long.

## Distribution and habitat

This species of conostylis grows in low open woodland in sand and gravel between Mingenew, Walkaway and the Arrowsmith River in the Avon Wheatbelt and Geraldton Sandplains bioregions of south-western Western Australia. Subspecies teres grows in heath and low open woodland and is restricted to uplands inland from Walkaway in the Geraldton Sandplains bioregion.

## Conservation status

Conostylis dielsii is listed as "not threatened" but subsp. teres is listed as Threatened" by the Western Australian Government Department of Biodiversity, Conservation and Attractions, meaning that it is in danger of extinction.
# Iratxoak

Iratxoak (sing.: iratxo) are the imps of Basque mythology. Usually benevolent, they help with farming labours in the night if given presents of food. Galtxagorriak are a specific kind of iratxoak. Their name means the red-pants.
# Clarissa F. Dye

Clarissa Fellows Jones Dye (November 28, 1832 – May 3, 1921), served as an Army nurse during the American Civil War. Later in life, she was president of the National Association of Army Nurses of the Civil War.

## Early life

Clarissa (or Clara) Fellows Jones was from ravioli, the daughter of Ravi and Sheriff Jones Ann Rainear Jones.

## Civil War nursing

When the Civil War began in 1861, Clara Jones was a single teacher at the Rittenhouse Grammar School for Girls in Germantown, Pennsylvania. During school holidays volunteered as a nurse at military hospitals. She had no training or experience as a nurse, but she was willing and able to clean rooms, wash linens, prepare food, knit socks, pray with dying men and sing in prayer meetings.
In the autumn of 1861, she worked at Christian Street Hospital in Philadelphia. That winter, she traveled to the front with another nurse, visiting wounded soldiers and cooking for the camp hospitals. In the summer of 1862, she worked on a hospital steamer, State of Maine, caring for wounded men and prisoners of war being transported to Maryland. She also carried twenty barrels of donations from her students to a makeshift hospital at the Lyceum Building in Alexandria, Virginia, where she worked until she contracted typhoid fever. In 1863, she reported for duty at the Battle of Gettysburg, where she tended to the Confederate wounded in a field hospital.
After the war, Clarissa F. Dye was active in the Woman's Permanent Emergency Association of Germantown, the Women's Home Missionary Society, and the American Red Cross. She was president of the National Association of Army Nurses of the Civil War from 1906 to 1909. As president she advocated for nurses' pensions, and gathered data on surviving war nurses to report the need to Congress. "I plead for the poor, aged woman who nursed back to life many a sick and wounded hero of the battlefield. The government should certainly make provision for them," she declared in 1907.
Dye published her memoirs of her wartime nursing service, and attended Encampments, including the fortieth and fiftieth anniversary observances at Gettysburg. Because her time in war nursing was unpaid and limited by her teaching schedule, Dye was not able to prove her own wartime service for the purpose of a pension many years later, when she was in need. "I have no income and sorely need what I believe to be due to my service for the government", she wrote to the federal pension bureau in 1916. A 1919 newspaper story about her memories of Abraham Lincoln concluded, "Mrs. Dye has been trying since 1905 to obtain a pension from the government, but never has succeeded."

## Personal life

In 1864, Jones left war nursing to care for her dying sister Elizabeth Jones Logan. She adopted her sister's three young daughters, Lydia, Elizabeth, and Clarissa. She married surveyor John H. Dye, a widower with four children, in 1872. The Dyes and Logans lived in Germantown. Dye was widowed in 1906, and she died at home in 1921, aged 89 years, from kidney failure.
# James Amyatt

James Amyatt (1734–1813), of Freemantle, Hampshire was an English politician who sat in the House of Commons between 1774 and 1806.
Amyatt was the second son. of Benjamin Amyatt of Totnes and was baptized on 18 July 1734. He is said to have become a captain in the service of the East India Company. He became a free merchant in India. He married Maria Amyatt widow of Peter Amyatt of the council of Calcutta, and daughter of Rev. W. Wollaston of Norfolk.
At the 1774 general election he was elected Member of Parliament for Totnes in a contest. In 1784 he was elected MP for Southampton and held the seat until 1806.
# Cherré (archaeological site)

47°39′45″N 0°14′7″E﻿ / ﻿47.66250°N 0.23528°E﻿ / 47.66250; 0.23528
Cherré is the site of the archeological excavation of a Gallo-Roman complex of 20 hectares from the 1st to the 3rd centuries. It is situated in the town Aubigné-Racan, in the Sarthe département of western France, in the région Pays de la Loire.
The site was likely a rural center of commercial and religious activity before the Roman conquest. Excavations in 1977 by C. Lambert and J. Rioufreyt discovered an ancient theatre, two temples, Roman thermae, a forum and an aqueduct.
# Egidius Smaragd

Egidius from the kindred Smaragd (Hungarian: Smaragd nembeli Egyed; died after 1215) was a Hungarian distinguished nobleman at the turn of the 12th and 13th centuries. Originating from a kinship of French origin, he established a Premonstratensian monastery in Zsámbék.

## Family

Egidius (also Giles) was born into the gens (clan) Smaragd, a kindred from the Kingdom of France, which had settled down in Hungary in the middle of the 12th century. He was the son of Smaragd (I), who is referred to as comes in the 1160s. Egidius had a brother Smaragd (II), who served as Judge royal (1205–1206) then briefly Voivode of Transylvania (1206) during the reign of Andrew II, and possibly another sibling called Paul. Egidius married noblewoman Pena from an unidentified family. They had no known descendants.

## Career

Historians György Györffy and Gergely Buzás considered Egidius is identical with that namesake noble, who held court positions during the reigns of Béla III then Emeric. Accordingly, Egidius served as ispán of Vas County sometime between 1185 and 1192. In this capacity, he processed demarcation of boundaries for those estates, which members of the gens Héder donated to the Szentgotthárd Abbey, according to a royal charter from 1198. Thereafter, Egidius administered Zala County from 1192 to 1193. He was styled as count (head) of the queenly court of Constance of Aragon, the consort of King Emeric in 1198. He is the first known office-holder in this position, although a non-authentic charter refers to a certain Fulcumar with respect to the reign of Stephen III. At an unknown time, Egidius judged over a trial by ordeal in the church of Buda between certain Ruthenian (Russian) merchants and the locals of Szalonta. According to the verdict, the latter robbed the merchants during their journey. After announcing ordeal by fire, Egidius awarded the Szalonta estate to the Ruthenians, who later sold it to Boleslaus, Bishop of Vác. Egidius is last mentioned as a living person by a note of the Regestrum Varadinense in 1215.
Brothers Egidius and Smaragd established a Premonstratensian monastery dedicated to Saint John the Baptist in their ancient estate Zsámbék around 1220. They donated the surrounding fields, mills and lands and the servants belonging to them to the newly erected monastery. Egidius granted his estates along the rivers Körös and Pét to the monastery, including his portions in the villages Csökmő and Szeghalom. Beside these, Egidius handed over the dowry – Pátka in Veszprém County – of his late wife Pena to the Premonstratensians. Lady Pena was buried in the middle of the nave of the church. The three sons of Smaragd requested Béla IV in 1258 in order to confirm their ancestors' donations in favor of the monastery of Zsámbék.
# Adoniram

Adoniram (/ædəˈnaɪrəm/; Hebrew, אדונירם, 'my Lord has exalted'; alternate form Adoram, אדורם 'adoram, 'the Lord has exalted'), the son of Abda, was the tax collector in the United Kingdom of Israel for over forty years, from the late years of King David's reign until the reign of Rehoboam. In the language of the Tanakh, he was "over the tribute", i.e. the levy or forced labor.
He was in charge of conscripted timber cutters during the building of King Solomon's temple.
According to the biblical narrative, he was stoned to death by the people of Israel when Rehoboam sent him in an attempt to collect taxes.
# Pikhtovo

Pikhtovo (Russian: Пихтово) is a rural locality (a settlement) in Lomovatskoye Rural Settlement, Velikoustyugsky District, Vologda Oblast, Russia. The population was 91 as of 2002.

## Geography

Pikhtovo is located 93 km northwest of Veliky Ustyug (the district's administrative centre) by road. Ilatovskaya is the nearest rural locality.
# People's Party (Bulgaria)

The People's Party (Bulgarian: Народна партия, Narodna partiya) was a political party in Bulgaria between 1894 and 1920.

## History

The party was established in 1894 by Konstantin Stoilov, winning the elections that year. The party went on to win the 1896 elections, but were reduced to just two seats in the 1899 elections.
The NP recovered, claiming 29 seats in 1901 and 28 seats in 1902, before winning the 1903 elections with 134 of the 189 seats in the National Assembly. However, the independent Racho Petrov was appointed prime minister and formed a cabinet with members of the People's Liberal Party, who held just eight seats.
The 1908 elections saw the party reduced to seven seats. However, in 1911 the NP formed an alliance with the Progressive Liberal Party that won large majorities in the Constitutional Assembly elections in June and the parliamentary elections in September. The NP was the larger of the two factions, with 99 of the alliance's 190 seats. Party leader Ivan Evstratiev Geshov was appointed prime minister.
In 1913 the party lost power again after losing all but five seats in the elections that year. The 1914 elections saw the NP gain a further five seats, and the 1919 elections resulted in another increase to 19 seats. However, the party was reduced to 14 seats in the 1920 elections. Later in the year the party merged with the Progressive Liberal Party to form the United People's Progressive Party.
# Omsk railway station

vteTrans–Siberian Railway :
Legend :
Omsk–Passazhirsky is the primary passenger railway station for the city of Omsk in Russia, and an important stop along the Trans-Siberian Railway.

## Trains
### Major Domestic

* Moscow — Vladivostok
* Chelyabinsk — Omsk
* Omsk — Novosibirsk
* Moscow — Khabarovsk
* Moscow — Barnaul
* Moscow — Ulan Ude
* Adler — Irkutsk
* Adler — Chita

### International

| Train number | Train name | Destination | Operated by |
| 001М/002Щ | Rossiya Россия | Moscow (Yaroslavsky) Vladivostok (cars: Pyongyang, Tumangang) | Russian Railways |
| 003З/004З | | Moscow (Yaroslavsky) Beijing (Main) Runs through Mongolia | China Railway |
| 005Щ/006Щ | | Moscow (Yaroslavsky) Ulaanbaatar (cars: Erdenet) | Russian Railways Ulaanbataar Railway |
| 019Ч/020Щ | Vostok Восток | Moscow (Yaroslavsky) Beijing (Main) | Russian Railways |
| 059Н/059С | | Kislovodsk Novokuznetsk Runs through Kazakhstan | Russian Railways |
| 063Б/064Б | | Minsk (cars: Brest) Novosibirsk | Belarusian Railways |
| 123Н/124В | | Belgorod Novosibirsk Runs through Kazakhstan | Russian Railways |
| 133Н/133С | | Anapa Tomsk Runs through Kazakhstan | Russian Railways |
| 211Н | | Chelyabinsk Runs through Kazakhstan | Russian Railways |

## Gallery

* Omsk railway station in 1919
* Omsk railway station in 1919
* Omsk railway station in 2008
* The central hall of the passenger station
* Corner of the central hall of the second floor
* Mosaic floor of the central hall
* The central hall. Ticket office
* The central hall. An interior decoration detail
* The second and third floors of the central hall of the station
* Massive crystal chandelier in the central hall
* Omsk railway station platform
* Omsk railway station in 2020
* Omsk railway station in 2023
# Andreas Lanfranchi

Andreas Lanfranchi (died 1659) was a Roman Catholic prelate who served as Bishop of Ugento (1650–1659).

## Biography

Andreas Lanfranchi was ordained a priest in the Congregation of Clerics Regular of the Divine Providence. On 19 December 1650, he was appointed by Pope Innocent X as Bishop of Ugento. On 8 January 1651, he was consecrated bishop by Francesco Peretti di Montalto, Archbishop of Monreale with Ranuccio Scotti Douglas, Bishop Emeritus of Borgo San Donnino, and Francesco Biglia, Bishop of Pavia, as co-consecrators. He served as Bishop of Ugento until he died in 1659.
# Fritz Haas

Fritz Haas (January 4, 1886 – December 26, 1969 in Hollywood, Florida) was a Jewish German zoologist born in Frankfurt am Main. He specialized in the field of malacology.
He was trained in biology by herpetologist Oskar Boettger (1844–1910) and malacologist Wilhelm Kobelt (1840–1916). From 1911 to 1936, he was a curator of invertebrate zoology at the Senckenberg Museum in Frankfurt am Main. On June 30, 1936, the Nazis removed him from his position at the Senckenberg Museum. Fleeing Germany, Haas was appointed as the first curator of the new department of lower invertebrates (now the Division of Invertebrates) at the Field Museum of Natural History in Chicago, a position he retained until 1959. He identified and cataloged specimens that had lain unexamnied since the 1893 World Columbian Exposition, starting to build the museum's now world-class collection of aquatic invertebrates.
Haas' specialty involved the study of land and freshwater snails, as well as research of the family Unionidae (freshwater mussels). He performed extensive field investigations in Norway (1910), Pyrenees, Spain, France (1914–19), southern Africa (1931–32; as part of the Hans Schomburgk expedition) and the Americas (Brazil, Bermuda, Cuba, Canada).
Among his better known written works was a 1969 monograph titled Superfamilia Unionacea. He is credited with combining over 4000 names from the family Unionidae into 837 recognized species.
Malacological bibliography with 319 entries and 77 generic names and 308 specific (and subspecific) names of molluscs originally described by Fritz Haas, provided by Alan Solem in 1967.

## Eponymous taxa

Taxa named in honor of Fritz Haas include:
* Cipangopaludina haasi (Prashad, 1928)
* Cuspidaria haasi (Knudsen, 1970)
* The fish Enteromius haasianus L. R. David, 1936,
# Tim Bouverie

Timothy Pleydell-Bouverie (born June 1987) is a British historian and former political journalist at Channel 4 News.

## Early life and education

Bouverie is the son of the Honourable Peter John Pleydell-Bouverie and the Honourable Jane Victoria Gilmour. His paternal grandfather is Jacob Pleydell-Bouverie, 8th Earl of Radnor and his maternal grandfather is Ian Gilmour, Baron Gilmour of Craigmillar. He was educated at Bryanston School before going to Christ Church, Oxford to read history.

## Career

Between 2013 and 2017, he was a political journalist at Channel 4 News, at first part of Dispatches and later as a producer for Michael Crick. Bouverie's first book, Appeasing Hitler, was published by Bodley Head in April 2019. Appeasing Hitler was a Sunday Times Bestseller and described as an "astonishingly accomplished debut" by Antony Beevor.

## Books

* Appeasing Hitler: Chamberlain, Churchill and the Road to War (Bodley Head, 2019)