OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Orotone

An orotone or gold tone is one of many types of photographic print which can be made from a negative. An orotone photograph is created by printing a positive on a glass plate precoated with a silver gelatin emulsion. Following exposure and development, the back of the plate is coated with banana oil impregnated with gold-colored pigment, to yield a gold-toned image. Alternatively, the developed glass plate can be gold-leafed by hand with a 23-karat gold leaf. Being printed on glass, orotone images are extremely fragile and often require specialized frames in order to prevent breakage. Other types of prints can be made with the same negative used to make an orotone. Consequently, silver gelatin prints and platinotypes (platinum and palladium prints) are also made by those who produce orotone prints.

## Then and now

The making of orotone prints was a contemporary art in the early twentieth century. Orotones are often to be seen in interiors associated with the Arts and Crafts movement. Many of these orotones are by the Seattle photographer Edward S. Curtis, who produced hundreds of orotone photographs of Native Americans during his career. Curtis developed the "Curt-Tone", using techniques which he claimed were superior.
Curtis promoted his process as follows:
   "The ordinary photographic print, however good, lacks depth and transparency, or more strictly speaking, translucency. We all know how beautiful are the stones and pebbles in the limpid brook of the forest where the water absorbs the blue of the sky and the green of the foliage, yet when we take the same iridescent pebbles from the water and dry them they are dull and lifeless, so it is with the ordinary photographic print, but in the Curt-Tones all the transparency is retained and they are as full of life and sparkle as an opal."
Sally Larsen (who gold-leafs each developed plate by hand) and Ryan Zoghlin are modern practitioners of orotone photography.
# Mizuki Yoshida

Mizuki Yoshida (吉田 美月喜, Yoshida Mizuki, born March 10, 2003 in Tokyo) is a Japanese actress.

## Career

In 2017 she was scouted as an actress until making her debut in November 2018 on As a Crow, I Looked Down at the World Below. In June 2019, she made her movie debut in Machida-kun's World.
In early 2020, she appeared in two drama series called The World is Neither Black Nor White, and the Panda Laughs and Job Hunting Diaries marking her first time appearing in two dramas in the same season. In the following year she was in two hit dramas, Dragon Zakura Season 2 and Nemesis.
In February 2024, she took on her first lead role in a serialized drama with My Strawberry Film. From June to July she starred in the stage play. At the same time she announced that she would be debuting as a voice actress by providing her voice in an anime film Look Back with Yuumi Kawai.

## Filmography
### Film

| Year | Title | Role | Notes |
| 2019 | Almost a Miracle | Classmate | |
| 2021 | Demon Girl | Usami Yuki | |
| 2021 | Tabun | Eguchi | Lead role |
| 2022 | Mirrorliar Films | Haruno | Lead role; Petto segment |
| 2022 | Mayhem Girl | Yamazaki Mizuho | Lead role |
| 2023 | The Lump in My Heart | Muto Chinatsu | Lead role |
| 2023 | Another Day in Paradise | Yuki Yamashita | |
| 2024 | Songs of Kamui | Kitazato Teru | Lead role |
| 2024 | Look Back | Kyomoto (voice) | Lead role |

### Television

| Year | Title | Role | Notes |
| 2020 | We Don't Swim | Fujisawa Yuri | Lead role |
| 2020 | Alice in Borderland | Asahi | |
| 2020 | Panda Judges the World | Higashiyama Kaede | |
| 2020 | Job Hunting Diaries | Yamaguchi Saya | Lead role; episode 3 |
| 2021 | Dragon Sakura | Seino Rie | Season 2 |
| 2021 | Nemesis | Nishino Ayumi | Episode 4 |
| 2022 | ZIP! Morning Drama: Before Goodbye | Watarai Kyoko | |
| 2022 | Numaru. Minato-ku High School Girls | Saito Marika | |
| 2023 | Crime Family | Sasaki Yume | |
| 2024 | My Strawberry Film | Nakamura Chika | Lead role |
# Shungwaya

Shungwaya (also Shingwaya) is an origin myth of the Mijikenda peoples. Traditions known collectively as the "Shungwaya myth" describe a series of migrations of Bantu peoples dating to the 12th–17th centuries from a region to the north of the Tana River. However according to Rodger F. Morton, coastal traditions recorded prior to 1897 indicate that the Shungwaya tradition entered Mijikenda oral literature only after this date and is therefore of doubtful veracity. These Bantu migrants were held to have been speakers of Sabaki Bantu languages. Other Bantu ethnic groups, smaller in number, are also suggested to have been part of the migration. From Shungwaya, the Mount Kenya Bantu (Kamba, Kikuyu, Meru, Embu, and Mbeere) are then proposed to have broke away and migrated from there some time before the Oromo onslaught. Shungwaya appears to have been, in its heyday, a multi-ethnic settlement with extensive trade networks. In the 13th century perhaps this settlement was subjected to a full scale invasion of Cushitic speaking Oromo peoples from he Horn of Africa. From the whole corpus of these traditions, it has been argued that Shungwaya comprised a large, multi-ethnic community.
The "Zhongli" (中理) of Zhao Rukuo's Zhu Fan Zhi (13th century) may be a Chinese transcription of Shungwaya. From Zhao's description, the place seems to be in the south of modern Somalia.
# Kölsch

Kölsch may refer to:
* Kölsch (beer), a style of beer from Cologne, Germany
* Kölsch (artist), house musician/DJ
* Colognian, a Ripuarian dialect spoken in and around Cologne
* USS Koelsch, a vessel of the Garcia class of the US Navy

## People with the surname

* C. Frederick Koelsch (1907-1999), American chemist
* John Kelvin Koelsch (1923–1951), United States Navy officer
* Rune Reilly Kölsch or Rune RK, Danish producer and songwriter
* Kevin Kölsch, American film director and screenwriter
# Love or Lust (song)

"Love or Lust" is a song by American singer 24kGoldn from his debut studio album El Dorado (2021). It was sent to Italian contemporary hit radio on April 23, 2021, as the album's fourth single. The song was produced by Louis Bell and Omer Fedi.

## Critical reception

The song received generally positive reviews from music critics. Fred Thomas of AllMusic commented the song "approaches Maroon 5 levels of pop, rooted by 24kGoldn's infectious flows." In a review of El Dorado, Chris DeVille of Stereogum stated, "The bass-driven 'Love Or Lust' and the reggae-tinged 'Breath Away' are like Gym Class Heroes trying to write Police songs; upon exposure you pray they don't end up stuck in your head. Those are works of genius compared to 'Coco'". Alexander Cole of HotNewHipHop praised the song, saying "the song has a kind of Bruno Mars feel to it. From the bass lines to the strings, the beat is incredibly groovy and 24kGoldn makes use of the production by bringing in some solid songwriting and catchy flows. It's yet another solid effort from the young hitmaker, and it will surely make a few playlists."

## Commercial performance

Following the release of the album, the song debuted at number 36 on the US Hot Rock and Alternative Songs chart, becoming the third highest-charting song off the album on the chart, only behind his breakthrough hit "Mood", and "3, 2, 1".

## Charts

Chart performance for "Love or Lust" :
| Chart (2021) | Peak position |
| New Zealand Hot Singles (RMNZ) | 33 |
| US Hot Rock & Alternative Songs (Billboard) | 36 |
# Garbolc

Garbolc is a settlement (village) in Szabolcs-Szatmár-Bereg county, Hungary. Garbolc is located near the easternmost geographical point (the Romanian-Ukrainian-Hungarian triple border point, see the photo; the triple point is 1 km eastward from the leg) of Hungary.
# Lukiškės Square

Lukiškės Square (Lithuanian: Lukiškių aikštė; other spellings include Łukiszki, Lukiski, Lukishki) is the largest square (about 4 hectares (9.9 acres) in Vilnius, Lithuania, located in the center of the city. A major street in Vilnius, Gediminas Avenue, passes by the southern border of the square. It is surrounded by many public buildings, including the Ministry of Finance, Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Court of Appeal, Academy of Music and Theatre, Church of Saints Philip and James, and the Dominican monastery with the former St. Jacob Hospital.

## History

Between the 17th and 19th centuries, it was a suburb of Vilnius and called Lukiškės. The wooden Lukiškės mosque of the Lithuanian Tatars and their graveyard were prominent features of the suburb. These landmarks were destroyed by the Soviet authorities in the 1960s.
In 1852, Lukishki (Лукишки, as it was known in the Russian Empire) was designated to be reconstructed, and this was carried out in the 1860s, with St. George's Avenue (now Gediminas Avenue) crossing it from east to west. After the January Uprising in 1863, Lukiškės Square was one of the areas where public executions of insurgents took place. A particularly famous insurrectionist Konstanty Kalinowski was executed by hanging there on March 24, 1864. Mikhail Nikolayevich Muravyov, the Governor General of the Vilna Governorate, earned the nickname "The Hangman" from the frequent executions in the square. At the beginning of the 20th century the square was known for the traditional Kaziukas Fair.
The square became a symbol of terror when hundreds of opponents of the Soviet Union were interrogated, tortured and executed between 1944 and 1947 and on, in the infamous NKVD Palace facing the square. Among the victims killed there was the chief commander of the Union of Lithuanian Freedom Fighters, Adolfas Ramanauskas "Vanagas". Today the palace houses Vilnius County Court and the Court of Appeal of Lithuania, as well as the Museum of Genocide Victims in the former prison cells, occupying the basement and underground levels of the palace.
The square was reconstructed according to the design of V. Mikučianis in 1949–1952. During the Soviet occupation, the square was renamed to Lenin Square and a statue of Lenin was built in the middle of it in 1953. The statue, which used to be the largest of its kind in the country, was removed in 1991, after the restoration of independence of Lithuania. The gathered crowd celebrated the fall of the statue; its upper part was lifted using a crane, and broke off at the lower legs attached to the pedestal. The reassembled Lenin statue is now on display in Grūtas Park. The square was partially reconstructed in the 1990s.

## Gallery

* Lukiškės suburb in 1860
* Tatar mosque and graveyard in the Lukiškės suburb (1830). Later it was replaced by another, a more traditional one in 1867.
* Lenin Square in 1948
* Square as seen from Gediminas Avenue, before reconstruction (2008)
* Sandy beach temporarily setup in Lukiškės Square in 2020
# 4-Nitrobenzaldehyde

4-Nitrobenzaldehyde is an organic compound with the formula O$_2$NC$_6$H$_4$CHO. It is one of three isomers of nitrobenzaldehyde. It contains a nitro group para-substituted to an aldehyde.
4-Nitrobenzaldehyde is obtained by oxidation of 4-nitrotoluene or hydrolysis of 4-nitrobenzalbromide:
    O$_2$NC$_6$H$_4$CHBr$_2$ + H$_2$O → O$_2$NC$_6$H$_4$CHO + 2 HBr
In the laboratory, the oxidation is achieved with chromium(VI) oxide in acetic anhydride, which affords nitrobenzyldiacetate.
# Álvaro Corral

Álvaro Corral Echazarreta (born 30 May 1983) is a Spanish former professional footballer who played as a central defender, and is the current physical therapist of CD Tudelano.

## Playing career

Born in Logroño, La Rioja, Corral spent his first decade as a senior in Segunda División B, starting with CD Aurrerá de Vitoria in 2002 and going on to represent CD Recreación de La Rioja, Zamora CF, CF Palencia, UE Sant Andreu, Águilas CF, CD Izarra and CD Mirandés. He also competed briefly in Tercera División, having played the first part of the 2009–10 season with CD Alfaro.
Corral featured in 26 matches (more than 2,100 minutes of play) in the 2011–12 campaign, as Mirandés promoted to Segunda División for the first time in its history. He made his debut in the competition on 1 September 2012, playing the full 90 minutes in a 4–0 away win against Xerez CD. His first goal was scored on 15 March 2014, in the 2–0 victory at Deportivo Alavés.
In the summer of 2016, after 162 competitive appearances at the Estadio Municipal de Anduva (97 in the second tier), the 33-year-old Corral returned to the lower leagues with CD Tudelano.

## Coaching career

Corral retired in January 2019, being immediately appointed team physio at his last club.
# Álvaro Mas

Álvaro Mas Huertas (born 22 May 1992) is a Spanish footballer who plays for CFUD Ilicitana as a midfielder.

## Club career

Born in Elche, Valencian Community, Mas made his senior debuts with lowly FC Jove Español San Vicente. In the summer of 2013 he moved straight into Segunda División with neighbouring Hércules CF, immediately earning the trust of manager Quique Hernández and appearing during the preseason.
Mas made his debut in the competition on 17 August 2013, coming on as a late substitute for Javier Portillo in a 1–1 home draw against Real Zaragoza. On 22 August of the following year he was loaned to Tercera División's Orihuela CF.
# Jiro Harada

Jiro Harada (Japanese: 原田 治郎, Harada Jirō) (November 10, 1894 – December 20, 1989) was a Lieutenant-General in the Imperial Japanese Army during World War II.
He was the commander of the IJA 100th Division during the Battle of Mindanao,$^{:622}$ one of the strongest forces in the area. He was in charge of most of the defenses on the island, along with Lt. Gen. Gyosaku Morozumi and Rear Admiral Naoji Doi. Despite his bravery, Harada had to retreat, also refusing to defend the city of Davao. At Kibangay, the pursuit halted and Harada was able to stop the long and tiring retreat. He ordered his troops to disperse and forage in the mountains, effectively disbanding the 100th Division.
# Álvaro Tierno

Álvaro Tierno Román (born 30 October 1992) is a Spanish footballer who plays for SD Tarazona as a midfielder.

## Football career

Born in Zaragoza, Tierno graduated from local Real Zaragoza's youth setup, and made his senior debuts with the farm team, CD Universidad de Zaragoza. In July 2012 he joined CD Sariñena of the Tercera División.
Tierno returned to the Aragonese side in the 2013 summer, being assigned to the reserves also of the fourth level. On 17 May 2014 he played his first match as a professional, starting and playing the full 90 minutes of a 2–2 home draw against CE Sabadell FC in the Segunda División.
# Palazzo Maffei, Verona

45°26′37″N 10°59′48″E﻿ / ﻿45.44361°N 10.99667°E﻿ / 45.44361; 10.99667
Palazzo Maffei is a historical palace in Verona, northern Italy, on the north-western side of Piazza delle Erbe.
A building existed in the current location in the 15th century, but on 20 December 1469 the nobleman Marcantonio Maffei decided to expand it by adding a third floor. Construction works ended only in 1668.
The three-floor façade of the palace is in Baroque style. It starts at a slightly higher level than the square: underneath remains can be seen of the ancient Roman Capitoline Hill, where the Piazza delle Erbe later was settled.
The first floor has five arcades between tympani. Over each arcade a window with an elegant balcony is placed, separated by Ionic semicolumns decorated by large masks.
The third floor is in the same style as the second, but with smaller windows and fake framed columns. The top of the facade is designed as a balustrade with six statues of divinities: Hercules, Jupiter, Venus, Mercury, Apollo and Minerva. The latter are cut from local marble, with the exception of the Hercules, which is believed to have come from an ancient temple once located on the Roman Capitoline Hill.
The interior is home to a bizarre helicoidal stone staircase, that leads from the underground stores all the way up to the roof.

## Sources

* Lenotti, T. (1964). Palazzi di Verona. Verona: Vita veronese.
# Hilalian invasion of Ifriqiya

The Hilalian invasion of Ifriqiya (Arabic: الغزو الهلالي لإفريقية) was a migration of Arab tribes of Banu Hilal to Ifriqiya. It was organised by the Fatimids with the goal of punishing the Zirids for breaking ties with them and pledging allegiance to the Abbasid Caliphs.

## Background

Since the Fatimid conquest of Egypt in 969, then under the rule of the Ikhshidids, vassals of the Abbasids, the Fatimids began to lose control over their possessions in the Maghreb. In 972, the Zirids declared independence from the Fatimids and recognised the Abbasids as caliphs. As retaliation, the Fatimids sent devastating Banu Hilal invasions into the Maghreb to punish the Zirids and Hammadids.

## Invasion

After devastating Cyrenica in 1050, the Banu Hilal advanced westwards towards the Zirids. The Hilalians proceeded to sack and devastate Ifriqiya, they defeated the Zirids decisively in the Battle of Haydaran on April 14, 1052. The Hilalians then expelled the Zenatas from southern Ifriqiya and forced the Hammadids to pay an annual tribute, placing the Hammadids under Hilalian vassalage. The city of Kairouan was looted by the Banu Hilal in 1057 after it was abandoned by the Zirids.

## Aftermath

As a result of the invasion, the Zirids and Hammadids were expelled to the coastal regions of Ifriqiya, with the Zirids being forced to move their capital from Kairouan to Mahdia, and their rule limited to a coastal strip around Mahdia, meanwhile the Hammadid rule was limited to a coastal strip between Ténès and El Kala as vassals of Banu Hilal and eventually being forced to move their capital from Beni Hammad to Béjaïa in 1090 following increasing pressure from Banu Hilal.
# Ángel Pérez (footballer)

Ángel Luis Pérez Pérez (born 21 February 1981 in Avilés, Asturias), sometimes known simply as Ángel, is a Spanish former footballer who played as a right back.
# Óscar Lozano (footballer)

Óscar Lozano Folgoso (born 14 June 1996) is a Spanish footballer who plays as a right winger for Real Jaén.

## Club career

Born in Motril, Granada, Andalusia, Lozano finished his formation with CD Santa Fe. In June 2015 he signed for Tercera División side Loja CD, and made his senior debut on 22 August of that year by starting in a 1–0 home win against CD El Palo.
Lozano scored his first senior goals on 1 November 2015, netting a brace in a 3–2 home win against Martos CD. After finishing the season as an undisputed starter, he signed for Córdoba CF the following 28 June, being initially assigned to the reserves in the Segunda División B.
On 4 January 2017, after being sparingly used, Lozano terminated his contract and signed for CF Motril of the fourth tier. In July he moved to another reserve team, UD Almería B, in the same division.
Lozano made his first-team debut on 22 December 2017, coming on as a second-half substitute for Pervis Estupiñán in a 0–2 away loss against AD Alcorcón in the Segunda División. On 11 April 2019, he joined third division side SD Ponferradina as a replacement for the injured Guille Donoso, and helped the side to achieve promotion to the second division in the play-offs.
On 7 August 2019, Lozano joined CD El Ejido of division four.
# Mnemosyne (album)

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
| The Penguin Guide to Jazz Recordings | |
Mnemosyne is an album by Norwegian jazz saxophonist Jan Garbarek and the Hilliard Ensemble, recorded in April 1998 and released on ECM a year later—a sequel to their previous collaboration, Officium (1994).

## Track listing
### Disc one

* "Quechua Song" – 7:12
* "O Lord in Thee Is All My Trust" – 5:09
* "Estonian Lullaby" – 1:58
* "Remember Me My Dear" – 6:30
* "Gloria" – 6:03
* "Fayrfax Africanus" – 4:05
* "Agnus Dei" – 8:38
* "Novus novus" – 2:18
* "Se je fays dueil" – 5:12
* "O Ignis Spiritus" – 10:53

### Disc two

* "Alleluia nativitatis" – 5:06
* "Delphic Paean" – 4:46
* "Strophe and Counter-Strophe" – 5:02
* "Mascarados" – 5:02
* "Loiterando" – 5:33
* "Estonian Lullaby" – 2:01
* "Russian Psalm" – 3:45
* "Eagle Dance" – 4:48
* "When Jesus Wept" – 3:22
* "Hymn to the Sun" – 7:28

## Personnel

* Jan Garbarek – soprano and tenor saxophones
* The Hilliard Ensemble
** Rogers Covey-Crump – tenor
** John Potter – tenor
** Gordon Jones – baritone
** David James – countertenor
# Adilson (Portuguese footballer)

Nélson Alexandre Vieira Semedo (born 25 November 1987 in Lisbon), known as Adilson, is a Portuguese professional footballer who plays for C.D. Pinhalnovense as a winger.
# Tsuhan Chen

Chen Tsuhan is the Deputy President (Research and Technology) at National University of Singapore. He is currently the Chief Scientist of AI Singapore. Prior to his current appoint he was the Dean of the College of Engineering at Nanyang Technological University from 2015 to 2017. He was previously Director of the School of Electrical and Computer Engineering at Cornell University from 2009 to 2013.
Chen was educated at National Taiwan University and the California Institute of Technology; at Caltech, his adviser was P. P. Vaidyanathan. He won the Charles Wilts Doctoral Prize for his 1993 Ph.D. thesis on filters. Prior to joining Cornell, he worked for Bell Labs from 1993 to 1997 and as a professor at Carnegie Mellon University from 1997 to 2009. He was the editor-in-chief of the IEEE Transactions on Multimedia from 2002 to 2004, and was elected as a Fellow of the IEEE in 2007.
Chen's research interests include signal processing and multimedia. His research projects have included systems for three-dimensional photography for automated analysis of security video footage, and for gesture-based control of vehicle functions.