OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Tyee Formation

The Tyee Formation is a geologic formation in Oregon. It preserves fossils dating back to the Paleogene period.
# Anand Sai

Anand Sai (Telugu: ఆనంద్ సాయి) is an art director in South Indian cinema. He received a state award by Tamil Nadu for his work in the movie New. Sai was born in Parlakhemundi in Odisha; his father came to Madras in 1950 to be an art director in film industry.

## Education and career

Sai studied interior design in Chennai and worked in event management for a while before getting into the film industry. Since then he has worked in over 50 movies. In his first movie he recreated the Taj Mahal on the seashore for Pawan Kalyan's Tholi Prema.
Sai has worked on sets for several movies. This has translated into wedding sets designed for leading business houses and stars of Telugu cinema.
All the sets he designs are constructed in accordance with vaastu as he feels more comfortable if they are done that way. He also suggests the lighting scheme for his sets and discusses with the cinematographer to enhance the quality of the output. He has also forayed into advertisements, with Pepsi, Amruthanjan, Fair and Lovely. He received the Tamil Nadu State Film Award for Best Art Director for his work in the movie New.
He is the chief architect for the Lakshmi Narasimha temple, Yadadri temple near Bhuvanagiri, Telangana. He has been working full time on the project since 2016. The designs comply with Agama Shastra.

## Personal life

Anand Sai is married to actress Vasuki Anand, who acted in a supporting role in Pawan Kalyan's movie 'Tholi Prema' as Pawan Kalyan's sister and Ramany vs Ramany. They have two children, a daughter, Harshitha Anand and a son, Sandeep Anand.

## Partial filmography

* Tholi Prema (1998)
* New (2004; Tamil)
* Naani (2004)
* Gudumba Shankar (2004)
* Balu (2005)
* Sainikudu (2006)
* Yamadonga (2007)
* Komaram Puli (2010)
* Brindavanam (2010)
# Postage stamps and postal history of Nauru

This is a survey of the postage stamps and postal history of Nauru.
The Republic of Nauru is an island country in Micronesia in the South Pacific. Its nearest neighbour is Banaba Island in Kiribati, 300 kilometres (186 mi) to the east.

## Pre-independence

As part of German Marshall Islands Protectorate, the first post office on the island opened in 1905 using stamps of German Marshall Islands. Following the outbreak of World War I, Nauru was occupied by Australian forces and Australian stamps overprinted North West Pacific Islands were used from 1914 to 1916. The British government then took control of the island and British stamps overprinted NAURU were issued in October 1916. From 1924, stamps were issued for Nauru as a mandated territory, then as a trust territory after WWII.

## Independence

The first stamps of independent Nauru were issued in 1968.
# Oleg Tsepkin

Oleg Vladimirovich Tsepkin (Russian: Олег Владимирович Цепкин; born 15 September 1965) is a Russian politician serving as a senator from Chelyabinsk Oblast since 8 October 2020.

## Biography

Oleg Tsepkin was born on 15 September 1965 in Ruza, Ruzsky District, Moscow Oblast. In 1987, he graduated from the Magnitogorsk State Technical University. Afterwards, he worked as a repairman at the Magnitogorsk Iron and Steel Works (MISW). From 1995 to 1997, he was the technical director of the CJSC "Emal". From 1998 to 2005, he was the Head of the Department for Coordinating the Activities of Subsidiary Joint-Stock Companies and Institutions of Magnitogorsk Iron and Steel Works. From 2009 to 2011, he was the Head of the Control Department of the MISW. On 14 March 2010, Tsepkin was elected to the Magnitogorsk City Council of Deputies of the 4th convocation. In 2015, he was appointed Deputy Head of the Magnezit company. On 13 September 2015, he was elected deputy of the Legislative Assembly of Chelyabinsk Oblast of the 6th convocation. On 24 September 2015, he became the senator from the Legislative Assembly of Chelyabinsk Oblast. On 8 October 2020, he was re-elected.

### Sanctions

Oleg Tsepkin is under personal sanctions introduced by the European Union, the United Kingdom, the USA, Canada, Switzerland, Australia, Ukraine, New Zealand, for ratifying the decisions of the "Treaty of Friendship, Cooperation and Mutual Assistance between the Russian Federation and the Donetsk People's Republic and between the Russian Federation and the Luhansk People's Republic" and providing political and economic support for Russia's annexation of Ukrainian territories.
# Pan Ei Phyu

Pan Ei Phyu (Burmese: ပန်းအိဖြူ) is a Burmese classical and country singer. A prolific singer, Pan Ei Phyu has released dozens of bestselling albums throughout her career. She debuted in 1996.

## Discography

* Mom, Above Mount Meru (မြင်းမိုရ်ထက်က လမင်းမေမေ) (2020)

## Personal life

She married Nay Zaw Htun, an army captain, in 2019 and has one son (born 2020).
# Nabil Hamouda

Nabil Hamouda (born 4 January 1983 in Lakhdaria, Algeria) is an Algerian footballer. He currently plays as a midfielder for JS Kabylie in the Algerian league.

## Club career

* 2001–2005 RC Kouba
* 2005–2007 Paradou AC
* 2007-pres. JS Kabylie

## Honours

* Won the Algerian League once with JS Kabylie in 2008
# Ulungarat Formation

The Ulungarat Formation is a geologic formation in Alaska. It preserves fossils dating back to the Devonian period.
# Leonardo da Vinci: The Flights of the Mind

Leonardo da Vinci: Flights of the Mind is a 2004 biography of Leonardo da Vinci by Charles Nicholl.

## Description

The book researches the life of Leonardo da Vinci in Tuscane and explores the reasons of his historic success. The author's main observation is that most of Leonardo's work was unfinished. Through a thorough research, the author dismisses most of the romanticized facts about da Vinci and concludes that a lot is unknown about the genius inventor. Leonardo is described as an engineer obsessed with natural designs. Washington Post writer Alexander Nagel criticized Nicholl's technical analysis of the inventor's paintings that lack insight and misses an opportunity to push deeper into the mind of Leonardo.
The author retranslates many of Leonardo's mirrorscript writings. Some guesswork is admittedly thrown in this biography: an old woman visiting Leonardo in 1493 becomes his mother; Freudian concepts are used to explain his probable homosexuality (Joseph missing from his representations of the Holy Family); His stay in jail is linked to his plans to reverse engineer locks... The author also argues that Leonardo's obsession with flying devices comes from his alchemical quest for a levitation technology.
David Gelernter criticized his interpretations around the hypothetical encounter of Michelangelo and Leonardo.
The release of Leonardo da Vinci: Flights of the Mind coincided with the release of another Leonardo biography, Leonardo by Martin Kemp.

## Release details

* 2004, United States, Viking Adult ISBN 0-670-03345-6, Pub date 18 November 2004, Hardcover
* 2005, United States, Penguin ISBN 0-14-303612-2, 29 November 2005, Paperback
# Zero (NewJeans song)

"Zero" is a song by South Korean girl group NewJeans, released as a promotional single for Coca-Cola's Korean campaign for Coca-Cola Zero Sugar on April 3, 2023. It is the group's first track primarily in English, and was accompanied by a music video.

## Background

NewJeans were previously announced as global ambassadors for Coca-Cola, with "Zero" serving as their project in the role.
A remix to the song, featuring American rapper JID, was released on June 20, 2023, along with a music video released the following day.

## Composition

"Zero" contains "various genres and sounds, such as pop and R&B chords and Jersey club rhythms", with a press release stating it also combines "the urgency of drums and bass and the sweetness of R&B". It contains lyrics referencing Coca-Cola in a "fusion" of Korean and English lyrics.

## Music video

The music video, released on YouTube on April 3, 2023, shows the group getting ready, performing "energetic choreography" and drinking Coca-Cola. The music video for the remix, featuring JID, was released on June 21, 2023.

## Accolades

Awards and nominations for Zero :
| Award ceremony | Year | Category | Result | Ref. |
| Spikes Asia Awards | 2024 | Brand or Product Integration into Music Content | Shortlisted | |

## Release history

Release history for "Zero" :
| Region | Date | Format | Version | Label | Ref. |
| Various | April 3, 2023 | Digital downloadstreaming | Original | ADORYG Plus | |
| Various | June 20, 2023 | Digital downloadstreaming | JID remix | ADORYG Plus | |
# Supervisory Committee of the Tibet Autonomous Region

The Supervisory Committee of the Tibet Autonomous Region (Chinese: 西藏自治区监察委员会 , ZYPY: བོད་རང་སྐྱོང་ལྗོངས་ལྟ་ཞིབ་ཨུ་ཡོན་ལྷན་ཁང་།), TAR Supervisory Committee (Chinese: 西藏自治区监委), or Tibet Supervisory Committee for short, is a provincial-level local State Supervisory Organs of the People's Republic of China Tibet Autonomous Region, which is co-located with the Tibet Autonomous Region Commission for Discipline Inspection.

## History

On February 1, 2018, the Supervisory Committee of the Tibet Autonomous Region was formally listed and established. Wu Yingjie, Secretary of the Party Committee of the Autonomous Region and head of the Autonomous Region's Pilot Working Group for Deepening the Reform of the State Supervision System, unveiled the plaque of the Autonomous Region's Supervision Committee. On July 31, 2019, the twelfth meeting of the Standing Committee of the Eleventh National People's Congress of the Tibet Autonomous Region (TAR) adopted the decision that Wang Weidong is the acting director of the TAR Supervisory Committee. On January 11, 2020, the 14th plenary session of the Third Session of the Eleventh People's Congress of the Tibet Autonomous Region (TAR) adopted the appointment of Wang Weidong as the Director of the Supervisory Committee of the TAR.
# Issa Issaka Aubin

Issa Issaka Aubin, also known as General Aubin (1969 or 1970 - 27 March 2020), was a Central African warlord and the founder of PRNC.

## Life
### 2006 - 2013

Aubin, who belongs to the Gula, was born in 1969 or 1970. He joined the UFDR rebel group in 2006 due to the government's neglect of his origin, Vakaga and was appointed as the UFDR chief of staff.
Aubin later joined Séléka and was assigned as the group's chief of staff. He led the Seleka's attack in Ndélé in December 2012. On 22 March 2013, he commanded the 1000 Seleka rebels from Damara and Sibut to participate in Battle of Bangui. Aubin was reportedly wounded during a clash with South African forces. On 20 August 2013, he arrested ten looters wearing military uniforms who stole mattresses, televisions, suitcases, and medicines. Djotodia appointed Aubin as the Director of Presidential Security on 9 September 2013.

### 2014 - 2019

In 2014, he was part of the coordinator of the Crisis Military Committee of the former Seleka coalition. In April 2014, he released a press release supporting MISCA's DDR process throughout the country and calling the Central Africans to solve their issues for the country's development. In the same month, he signed the agreement with the government on behalf of ex-Seleka that allowed the authorities to transfer former Seleka's members to encampments in Sibut before returning to their origins. However, it sparked controversies among the ex-Seleka. They rejected the agreement signing since they did not get involved in the discussion.
In the unknown year, Aubin joined RPRC and became one of the group's military leaders. He commanded the PRNC's attack at the Anti-balaka base in Bria, which eliminated its commander, Theophile Ndoumba, on 25 September 2018. However, he was disgruntled by the RPRC leader, Djono Ahaba, who signed the peace agreement. Apart from that, he was one of the signatories of the Gula-Peuhl Peace Agreement in Bria as a Gula representative on 3 May 2018.

### 2019 - 2020

Due to the tension with Ahaba, Aubin founded PRNC on 28 May 2019 in Tiringoulou and designated Nourd Gregaza as the group's leader. He became the PRNC's spokesperson and chief of staff. Aubin and MLCJ's chief of staff, Ali Abderahmane, prepared and commanded the attack in Birao, Tissi, and Am Dafok. He sent his forces from Tiringoulou to partake in the attack. Apart from that, he also attempted to forge alliances with Noureddine Adam and Mahamat Al-Khatim. However, Adam and Al-Khatim rejected it.
He was killed in Ndiffa on 27 March 2020 during a clash between PRNC-RPRC and the Misseriya Arab militia. His death deteriorated Gula and Misseriya Arab relations.
# Melicope lunu-ankenda

Melicope lunu-ankenda, synonym Euodia lunu-ankenda, is a species of plant in the family Rutaceae. It is native to tropical Asia.
# Umpqua Group

The Umpqua Group is a geologic group in Oregon. It preserves fossils dating back to the Paleogene period.
# Mongolia at the 1972 Winter Olympics

Mongolia competed at the 1972 Winter Olympics in Sapporo, Japan.

## Cross-country skiing
### Men

| Event | Athlete | Race | Race |
| Event | Athlete | Time | Rank |
| 15 km | Namsrain Sandagdorj | 52:48.54 | 57 |
| 15 km | Danzangiin Narantungalag | 52:06.18 | 56 |
| 30 km | Namsrain Sandagdorj | 1'52:14.67 | 52 |
| 30 km | Danzangiin Narantungalag | 1'51:29.88 | 51 |

## Speed skating
### Men

| Event | Athlete | Race | Race |
| Event | Athlete | Time | Rank |
| 500 m | Luvsanlkhagvyn Dashnyam | 42.86 | 28 |
| 1500 m | Luvsanlkhagvyn Dashnyam | 2:20.42 | 38 |
| 5000 m | Luvsansharavyn Tsend | 8:30.47 | 28 |
| 10,000 m | Luvsansharavyn Tsend | 17:15.34 | 24 |
# Geert Huinink

Geert Huinink (Dutch pronunciation:; born 29 April 1971) is a Dutch electronic music producer and classical composer. His compositions have been released under many different aliases. There is little published about him, but his name has surfaced around some influential and respected leaders in the Trance music scene. He has released tracks under Tiësto's name and has collaborated with artists like Cor Fijneman and Daniël Stewart. Geert has also produced for a Dutch television show called "Meiden van de Wit" in 2002. Game soundtrack composition is another forte of his.

## Dawnseekers

The Dawnseekers is one of the aliases used by Geert, along with Alco Lammers, that produced melodic and uplifting trance tracks during the early 2000s. The trademark of their tracks were the use of lush strings very closely resembling violins and beautiful horns combined with other orchestrated instruments. There were just a few tracks, "euphoric" in nature, completed during the few years that the duo were active as the Dawnseekers. Their music was picked up by Black Hole Recordings and Platipus Records. The pair of Dutch artists [presumably Geert and Alco Lammers?] were active in remixing as well as original productions. A track originally by Art of Trance was redone by Dawnseekers.

## Photon Project

Alco Lammers was again Geert's partner in the collaboration under the Photon Project alias. One of their major hits was with the track "Enlightenment" released in 2000. The track features a melody played by what sounds like a symphony orchestra and features a whispering sample by Gary Oldman from the movie Léon: The Professional. It goes:
   I like these calm little moments before the storm. Can you hear it? It's like when you put your head to the grass and you can hear the growin', you can hear the insects, z-z-z-z-zah!"
"Enlightenment" stops short of 12 minutes in playing time, of which 4–5 minutes consists of soothing symphony. The B-side of this release is "Illumination". "Illumination" focuses more on the Trancier part even though it also has a slight orchestrated breakdown in the middle. It clocks in at 10 minutes and 30 seconds. The track "Enlightenment" was remixed by Geert Huinink himself in 2005 and released as a free mp3 on the Internet, and also appears on the Black Hole Recordings: Best of 1997–2004 compilation.
A successful remix of Andain's "Beautiful Things" (as Photon Project) appeared on notable compilations.

## Work with Tiësto

In addition to working with Tiësto's Black Hole label, Geert is also credited with writing and producing the title track for Tiesto's Elements of Life album. On Tiesto's earlier Just Be release, Geert has been credited as co-composing the expansive lead track "Forever Today" as well as "A Tear in the Open". In 2001 a remix of OceanLab's hit "Clear Blue Water" was done.
This table summarizes the work Geert has performed on Tiesto albums:
# Noah Lukeman

Noah Lukeman (born November 28, 1973) is an American literary agent, actor, script-writer and author of works about writing and literature. A number of his books are widely used in creative writing programs. Lukeman has contributed to a number of newspapers and journals, including The Wall Street Journal and The New York Times. Some of his books have been translated into Portuguese, Japanese, Korean, Chinese and Indonesian. Lukeman is Founder of the Lukeman Literary Management.

## Biography

Lukeman was born in New York City, the son of Brenda Shoshanna, a psychologist, actress, playwright and author, and Gerald Lukeman, a Shakespearean actor and director. After earning a BA in English and Creative Writing at Brandeis University, Lukeman worked for various publishers, including William Morrow and Farrar, Straus and Giroux. In 1996 Lukeman founded Lukeman Literary Management, in which capacity he acted as agent for a number of successful authors. In 2001 Lukeman joined Michael Ovitz' Artists Management Group (AMG), where he ran their New York publishing office for years before returning to being an independent agent." Lukeman has also acted in a few independent films.

## Writing

Lukeman's writing is diverse in nature. His first published works offered advice and techniques for writers. Since then, he has collaborated with an American Marine Corps general to write about the inner workings of CENTCOM (Central Command) and the wars in Iraq and Afghanistan, and has written a sequel to Shakespeare's Macbeth in blank verse. Lukeman also works as a screenwriter, and his screenplay, Brothers in Arms, was sold and named to The Black List (survey).
# Rothemund reaction

The Rothemund reaction is a condensation/oxidation process that converts four pyrroles and four aldehydes into a porphyrin. It is based on work by Paul Rothemund, who first reported it in 1936. The method underpins more modern synthesis such as those described by Adler and Longo and by Lindsey. The Rothemund reactions is common in university teaching labs.

## Method

The reaction employs an organic acidic medium such as acetic acid or propionic acid as typical reaction solvents. Alternatively p-toluenesulfonic acid or various Lewis acids can be used with chlorinated solvents. The aldehyde and pyrrole are heated in this medium to afford modest yields of the meso tetrasubstituted porphyrins [RCC$_4$H$_2$N]$_4$H$_2$. The reaction entails both condensation of the aldehydes with the 2,5-positions of the pyrrole but also oxidative dehydrogenation of the porphyrinogen [RCC$_4$H$_2$NH]$_4$.

## Reaction history

The multi-step syntheses of hemin and chlorophyll by Hans Fischer were awarded by a Nobel Prize in Chemistry. This has inspired the work of his student Paul Rothemund to develop a simple one pot synthesis of porphyrins. In 1935, Paul Rothemund reported the formation of porphyrin, from a simple reaction of pyrrole with gaseous acetaldehyde or formaldehyde in methanol followed by treatment with various concentrations of hydrochloric acid. One year later Paul Rothemund announced the applicability of his reaction to other aldehydes, by which he was able to explore large number of porphyrins. Here he detailed the synthesis of porphine, the fundamental ring system in all the porphyrins. He performed the porphin synthesis at a temperature of 90-95 °C and high pressure in sealed pyrex glass tubes, by reacting pyrrole, 2 % formaldehyde and pyridine in methanol for 30 hours.
A simplified version of Rothemund porphyrin synthesis was described by Alan D. Adler and Frederick R. Longo in 1966. It utilizes mild organic acids as catalysts and reaction medium and is conducted in open air. Seventy aldehydes gave corresponding meso-substituted porphyrins. The reaction time was shortened to 30 minutes and yields improved to 20%. The Alder-Logo reaction protocol was further modified by Lindsey et al. Using Lewis acid catalyst (boron trifluoride) or strong organic acids (trifluoroacetic acid) in chlorinated solvents, yields improved to 30-40%.
Green chemistry variants have been developed in which the reaction is performed with microwave irradiation using reactants adsorbed on acidic silica gel or at high temperature in the gas phase.
# Beggars and Choosers

Beggars and Choosers may refer to:
* Beggars and Choosers, a 1994 novel by Nancy Kress
* Beggars and Choosers (TV series), a 1999-2000 American comedy-drama series
* "Beggars and Choosers", a song by Soul Asylum from Hang Time
* Choosey Beggar, song
# Nikolay Kolomeitsev

Nikolay Vasilyevich Kolomeitsev (Russian: Николай Васильевич Коломейцев; born 1 September 1956) is a Russian political figure and a deputy of the 2nd, 3rd, 5th, 6th, 7th, and 8th State Dumas.
In the 1980s-1990s, he was an instructor in the industrial and transport and socio-economic departments of the Rostov City Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union. From 1994 to 1997, he was the deputy of the Legislative Assembly of the Rostov Oblast. From 1997 to 1999, he was the deputy of the 2nd State Duma. From 1999 to 2003, he was the deputy of the 3rd State Duma. In 2007, he was re-elected for the 5th State Duma. On March 2, 2008, he was elected to the Legislative Assembly of the Rostov Oblast of the 4th convocation. From 2011 to 2016, he was the deputy of the 6th State Duma. In 2016 and 2021, he was elected deputy for the 7th and 8th State Dumas, respectively.