OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Monotrematum

Monotrematum sudamericanum is an extinct monotreme species from the Paleocene (Peligran) Salamanca Formation in Patagonia, Argentina. It is one of only two monotremes found outside Oceania.

## Taxonomy

A species described in 1992 and assigned to a new genus Monotrematum as the type. It is currently the only known species of the genus. The authors compared their fossil material to the genus Obdurodon, ornithorhynchid species first discovered at Australian fossil sites in 1975. It is considered to possibly be a stem-ornithorhynchid, although this is uncertain given that several divergence estimates have found the family to be significantly younger.

## Description

Monotrematum sudamericanum is known only from two lower and one upper platypus-like teeth. It is the only known non-Australasian ornithorhynchid. The main difference, apart from continent and age, is its size: the teeth of Monotrematum are around twice as large as those of other similar species in the related genus Obdurodon. The teeth of M. sudamericanum presently reside in the collections of Museo de La Plata and Museo Paleontológico Egidio Feruglio, both in Argentina.
According to Pascual, "The preserved enamel in the central region shows that the crown pattern is almost identical to that of Obdurodon: it is composed of two V-shaped lobes, the anterior of which is wider, separated from the posterior one by a valley that connects the lingual and buccal sides of the crown separating the anterior and posterior lobes."
# Arnaldo Pérez

Arnaldo Pérez (born October 28, 1958) is a former butterfly and freestyle swimmer from Puerto Rico. He competed for his native country at the 1976 Summer Olympics in Montréal, Quebec, Canada, aged seventeen.
Two years later, Pérez won the bronze medal in the Men's 4 × 100 m Medley Relay at the 1979 Pan American Games, alongside Orlando Catinchi, Carlos Berrocal, and Fernando Cañales.
# Ramkan Rural District

Ramkan Rural District (Persian: دهستان رمكان) is in the Central District of Qeshm County, Hormozgan province, Iran. Its capital is the village of Turiyan. The previous capital of the rural district was the village of Ramkan, now a city.

## Demographics
### Population

At the time of the 2006 National Census, the rural district's population was 13,472 in 2,815 households. There were 14,994 inhabitants in 3,517 households at the following census of 2011. The 2016 census measured the population of the rural district as 24,135 in 6,220 households. The most populous of its 17 villages was Holor, with 5,828 people.
# The Michael Franks Anthology: The Art of Love

The Michael Franks Anthology: The Art of Love is a jazz vocal double album by Michael Franks, released in 2003 by Warner Bros. It is Franks' eighteenth album, and his third compilation after his non-U.S.A. Indispensable released in 1988 and The Best of Michael Franks: A Backward Glance in 1998.
The compilation contains a selection of tracks over two discs spanning twenty three years, from The Art of Tea in 1976, to Barefoot on the Beach in 1999.

## Track listing

All tracks are written by Michael Franks, except where noted

## Reception

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
Writing for AllMusic, Stephen Thomas Erlewine commented, "All the hits are here, along with a sharp selection of album tracks, pretty much rounding up all the highlights from his rich, extensive career. Diehards will still want the albums, but serious fans who want just one Michael Franks album will need this."
# Civil Engineering and Development Department

The Civil Engineering and Development Department (CEDD) is a department of the Hong Kong government that reports to the Development Bureau. Its major services include provision of land and infrastructure, port and marine services, geotechnical services and environment and sustainability services.

## Organisation

The department has a headquarters, 2 functional offices (the Civil Engineering Office and the Geotechnical Engineering Office) and 5 regional development offices (the Sustainable Lantau Office, the East Development Office, the South Development Office, the West Development Office and the North Development Office).

## History

The department was formed on 1 July 2004 through a merger of the Civil Engineering Department and the Territory Development Department. The CEDD formerly came under the (former) Environment, Transport and Works Bureau.

## Mining Division

In 1951 in the Mining Section was created by the Labour Department, which was then transferred to the Civil Engineering Services Department in 1991 with it eventually renamed as the Mining Division.
# New Zealand top 50 singles of 1977

This is a list of the top 50 singles of 1977 in New Zealand.

## Chart
### Key

    ‡ – Single of New Zealand origin
| Number | Artist | Single |
| 1 | Heatwave | "Boogie Nights" |
| 2 | Pussycat | "My Broken Souvenirs" |
| 3 | Kenny Rogers | "Lucille" |
| 4 | Julie Covington | "Don't Cry for Me Argentina" |
| 5 | David Soul | "Don't Give Up on Us" |
| 6 | Mark Williams | "It Doesn't Matter Anymore" |
| 7 | JJ Cale | "Cocaine" |
| 8 | Electric Light Orchestra | "Telephone Line" |
| 9 | Andy Gibb | "I Just Want to Be Your Everything" |
| 10 | Engelbert Humperdinck | "After the Lovin'" |
| 11 | Tom Jones | "Say You'll Stay Until Tomorrow" |
| 12 | Rod Stewart | "I Don't Want to Talk About It" |
| 13 | The Floaters | "Float On" |
| 14 | Barbra Streisand | "Evergreen (Love Theme from A Star Is Born)" |
| 15 | Rose Royce | "Car Wash" |
| 16 | Leo Sayer | "When I Need You" |
| 17 | Peter McCann | "Do You Wanna Make Love" |
| 18 | Michael Nesmith | "Rio" |
| 19 | Paul Nicholas | "Heaven On The 7th Floor" |
| 20 | Donna Summer | "I Feel Love" |
| 21 | Boney M. | "Ma Baker" |
| 22 | Rita Coolidge | "(Your Love Has Lifted Me) Higher and Higher" |
| 23 | Alan O'Day | "Undercover Angel" |
| 24 | Hot | "Angel in Your Arms" |
| 25 | Tavares | "Whodunit" |
| 26 | Elvis Presley | "Moody Blue" |
| 27 | Leo Sayer | "You Make Me Feel Like Dancing" |
| 28 | David Bowie | "Sound and Vision" |
| 29 | David Soul | "Silver Lady" |
| 30 | Eagles | "Hotel California" |
| 31 | The Muppets | "Mahna, Mahna" |
| 32 | Rod Stewart | "You're in My Heart (The Final Acclaim)" |
| 33 | Hot Chocolate | "So You Win Again" |
| 34 | Ram Jam | "Black Betty" |
| 35 | Commodores | "Brick House" |
| 36 | Racing Cars | "They Shoot Horses, Don't They" |
| 37 | Marilyn McCoo & Billy Davis, Jr. | "You Don't Have to Be a Star (To Be in My Show)" |
| 38 | Commodores | "Easy" |
| 39 | Elvis Presley | "Way Down" |
| 40 | Toni Williams | "The One I Sing My Love Songs To" |
| 41 | ABBA | "Rock Me" |
| 42 | Hello Sailor | "Gutter Black" |
| 43 | The Emotions | "Best of My Love" |
| 44 | Rose Royce | "I Wanna Get Next to You" |
| 45 | Elkie Brooks | "Pearl's a Singer" |
| 46 | Mary MacGregor | "Torn Between Two Lovers" |
| 47 | The Brothers Johnson | "Strawberry Letter 23" |
| 48 | Leo Sayer | "How Much Love" |
| 49 | Phoebe Snow | "Shakey Ground" |
| 50 | Wild Cherry | "Hot To Trot" |
# Manor Park, Nuneaton

Manor Park was the former stadium of Nuneaton Borough A.F.C. 22,114 spectators packed into the ground for an FA Cup tie against Rotherham United in 1967. The club moved away from Manor Park at the beginning of the 2007–08 season to a new home at Liberty Way which they share with Nuneaton R.F.C. In 2008 Manor Park was demolished and housing was built on the site.
Manor Park staged the first ever official home match of the England women's national team on 23 June 1973, an 8–0 victory over Scotland watched by a crowd of 1,310. The match featured England Women's first ever hattrick which was scored by Pat Firth.
# Time of Hope

Time of Hope is the first chronological entry in C. P. Snow's series of novels Strangers and Brothers, and the third to be published. It depicts the beginning of Lewis Eliot's life, with a childhood in poverty in a small English town at the beginning of the 20th century.

## Plot synopsis

Lewis Eliot is walking home in the summer of 1914 when he is struck by an intuition of disaster, and he runs back home to find his mother having her fortune told with cards. At first he is reassured by the peaceful scene, but his Aunt Milly is scornful when she sees this, and he soon learns that his father has gone bankrupt. Over the next few years, the family's lifestyle is constrained, and his mother dies of heart failure in her late forties. Eliot has promised his mother to make something of himself. He works hard, befriends lawyers (including George Passant, whose story is told in the second book) and plans to become a solicitor. However, one of his aunts leaves him a sum of money which is just enough to allow him to study to become a barrister. This is a dangerous thing to attempt, but he succeeds in his examinations, and moves to London.
With great labour, he staves off illness and begins his practice, but his life is disrupted by his courting of Sheila Knight, an unstable woman who does not love him. He recognises that they are not suited for each other, but he is determined to marry her, and he frightens away another man, whom she is fond of, by telling him about her difficult personality. Eventually Lewis and Sheila marry. Sheila's unhappiness and unpredictability damage his social life, and he comes to the conclusion that he is unlikely to succeed either in his marriage or in his profession.

## Reception

In a 1950 book review in Kirkus Reviews the book was called "A book of introspective portraiture rather than a novel of action—this is the almost slow-motion story of the development of Lewis Eliot... A portrait of the times—highlighted rather than rounded canvas—this story leaves an odd impression of detachment, emotionally-an almost coldly analytical dissection. Better written than the average modern novel—it yet fails to capture the heart of the reader. The link with its predecessor, The Light and the Dark is in the person of Lewis Eliot, narrator in that novel of a period just beyond that encompassed in Time of Hope. Not for a wide market."
# Kiran Manandhar

Kiran Manandhar (born 1957) is a Nepalese painter, who was the founding chancellor of the Nepal Academy of Fine Arts from 2010 to 2014. He is considered one of the pioneering Nepalese abstract expressionist painters.

## Early life

Manandhar was born in 1957 (2013 BS) in Kathmandu, Nepal, to father Purna Man Manandhar and mother Bishnu Devi. His father was a mechanic at the Royal Palace. Manandhar was interested in art from childhood. He completed his secondary level education from Juddhodaya Public High School.

## Painting career

Once while he was making sand sculptures on the bank of Bisnumati River, the artist Chandra Man Singh Maskey noticed his work and appreciated it. Maskey gave Manandhar his card and asked him to visit at his place. Manandhar learnt painting related to landscapes, portraits and still life for two years before he was handed to Ramananda Joshi, another prominent Nepalese artist. He studied oil painting with Joshi for the next three years.
He then met Ram Chandra Shukla, an Indian abstract artist, during an exhibition in Nepal in 2027 BS (1970-1971). Shukla invited Manandhar to study arts in India. He had his first solo exhibition at Park Gallery in 2029 BS (1972-1973).
He went to India in 1972 for his higher education and received his graduate and postgraduate degrees in fine arts from Banaras Hindu University. In Banaras, Manandhar met the Nepali Congress leader, BP Koirala, who suggested he go to France to study arts. He completed his master's degree in 1980 from India and returned to Nepal.
After staying for three years in Nepal, Manandhar went to France to study arts. In France, he won multiple awards. He used to teach French people about their history in France.
He established Palpasa Art Gallery in Jamal, Kathmandu, in 2037 BS (1980-1981). He ran the art gallery for ten years. He used his art in the protests during 1990 and 2006 Nepalese uprisings.
He was one of the key people behind the establishment of Nepal Academy of Fine Arts. The academy was established on 13 April 2010 and he was its chancellor from 2010 to 2014.

## Awards and honours

* Award in Hamari Kala Exhibition, Varanasi (1974)
* Award in National Art Exhibition, Nepal (1974)
* Best Prize in National Art Exhibition Nepal (1983)
* Best prize in National Art Exhibition Nepal (1986)
* Rastriya Pratibha Puraskar, His Majesty's Government, Nepal (1996)
* Medal in Silver Jubilee of King Birendra of Nepal (1997)
* Prabal Gorkha Dakshin Bahu, by King Birendra of Nepal (1999)
* Birendra Aishworya Sewa Padak (2001)

## Personal life

He is married to Sarita Manandhar. They have two children,a son and a daughter. Their son, Sagar Manandhar, is also an artist.
# Bailey's FFT algorithm

The Bailey's FFT (also known as a 4-step FFT) is a high-performance algorithm for computing the fast Fourier transform (FFT). This variation of the Cooley–Tukey FFT algorithm was originally designed for systems with hierarchical memory common in modern computers (and was the first FFT algorithm in this so called "out of core" class). The algorithm treats the samples as a two dimensional matrix (thus yet another name, a matrix FFT algorithm) and executes short FFT operations on the columns and rows of the matrix, with a correction multiplication by "twiddle factors" in between.
The algorithm got its name after an article by David H. Bailey, FFTs in external or hierarchical memory, published in 1989. In this article Bailey credits the algorithm to W. M. Gentleman and G. Sande who published their paper, Fast Fourier Transforms: for fun and profit, some twenty years earlier in 1966. The algorithm can be considered a radix-${\sqrt {n}}$ FFT decomposition.
Here is a brief overview of how the "4-step" version of the Bailey FFT algorithm works:
* The data (in natural order) is first arranged into a matrix.
* Each column of a matrix is then independently processed using a standard FFT algorithm.
* Each element of a matrix is multiplied by a correction coefficient.
* Each row of a matrix is then independently processed using a standard FFT algorithm.
The result (in natural order) is read column-by-column. Since the operations are performed column-wise and row-wise, steps 2 and 4 (and reading of the result) might include a matrix transpose to rearrange the elements in a way convenient for processing. The algorithm resembles a 2-dimensional FFT, a 3-dimensional (and beyond) extensions are known as 5-step FFT, 6-step FFT, etc.
The Bailey FFT is typically used for computing DFTs of large datasets, such as those used in scientific and engineering applications. The Bailey FFT is a very efficient algorithm, and it has been used to compute FFTs of datasets with billions of elements (when applied to the number-theoretic transform, the datasets of the order of 10$^{12}$ elements were processed in mid-2000s).
# Top Toy

Top Toy may refer to:
* Spinning top, a toy with a squat body and a sharp point at the bottom
* Top Toy, a subsidiary of MINISO specializing in the retail of toys
# Nathan Kuta

Nathan Kuta (Kuta Niayingwanda) (born 28 April 2000) is a Belgian-Dutch basketball player who last played for Spirou of the BNXT League. He also plays for the Netherlands. Standing at 204 cm (6 ft 8+1⁄2 in), Kuta plays as power forward.

## Early career

Kuta was born in the Netherlands. When he was eleven years old, he moved with his family to Belgium. He started in Bree Basket in 2013 and the next year, he went to Cuva Houthalen. He played in U16, U18 and senior basketball with Cuva Houthalen, in the Belgian second division.

## Professional career

In August 2018, Kuta signed a one-year contract with Limburg United of the Belgian Pro Basketball League.
On 12 June 2020, Kuta signed with Okapi Aalst.
On 19 July 2021, Kuta signed a three-year contract with Spirou.

## National team career

As a citizen of both Belgium and the Netherlands, Kuta had the option to choose either national team. Stating that he felt "that Belgium did not really believe in him", he chose the Netherlands. With the Under-18 team, Kuta won the 2018 FIBA Europe Under-18 Championship Division B. After the tournament, Kuta was named the most valuable player of the tournament after averaging 14.6 points and 10.9 rebounds per game.
On 16 November 2018, Kuta was selected by head coach Toon van Helfteren to be a part of the Netherlands senior team for the first time.

## Honors
### Netherlands Under-18

* 2018 FIBA Europe Under-18 Championship Division B: Gold
* 2018 FIBA Europe Under-18 Championship Division B MVP
* 2018 FIBA Europe Under-18 Championship Division B All-Tournament Team
# Ravil Maganov

Ravil Ulfatovich Maganov (25 September 1954 – 1 September 2022) was a Russian oligarch who was the chairman of the national oil company Lukoil.

## Early life and education

Maganov was born in Almetyevsk, Tatar ASSR, in the Soviet Union (now Tatarstan, Russia) on 25 September 1954.
He graduated from the Moscow State University of Oil and Gas in 1977.
His father Ulfat Maganov was the senior engineer of the Almetyevsk field and geophysical office of the Tatneftegeofizika trust, and from 1978 to 1998 he headed the Almetyevsk department of geophysical works. His younger brother Nail is a businessman and politician who is the head of the Russian oil producer Tatneft.

## Career

Ravil Maganov joined Lukoil shortly after the company was founded in November 1991. He was a close associate of one Lukoil's founders Vagit Alekperov. According to the company, it was he who imagined and proposed the name Lukoil. He held several management positions (vice president of oil production in 1994, first executive vice president of the company in 2006) and oversaw Lukoil's oil production, refining and exploration. He regularly participated in meetings at the Russian Energy Ministry together with other oil companies ahead of OPEC+ meetings. In 2019, he received the Order of Alexander Nevsky from Russian President Vladimir Putin. He was appointed chairman of the board of directors in 2020.

## Political views

Shortly after the Russian invasion of Ukraine started, Lukoil's board of directors, headed by Maganov, issued a statement calling for a quick end to the conflict, describing it as a "tragedy" and expressed sympathy to its victims.

## Death

On 1 September 2022, Maganov allegedly "died after falling from a sixth-floor window at the Moscow Central Clinical Hospital". He had reportedly been hospitalized due to a heart attack. Lukoil acknowledged his death in a statement, saying Maganov "passed away following a severe illness". Some media have hypothesized a connection with other 2022 Russian businessmen mystery deaths. Russian state news agency TASS reported the death as a suicide and claimed that he had been taking antidepressants. Two people who knew Maganov well believe that it is unlikely that he committed suicide. Russian news site Baza, which has close ties with the police, suggested that Maganov may have fallen from a balcony while smoking. It also claimed that CCTV footage was not available because cameras had been "turned off for repairs". President Vladimir Putin had visited the hospital to pay respects to Mikhail Gorbachev on the day of Maganov's death.
# Mural Formation

The Mural Formation is a geologic formation in Alberta. It preserves fossils dating back to the Cambrian period.
# Racecourse Ground (disambiguation)

The Racecourse Ground is a football stadium in Wrexham, Wales.
It may also refer to these stadia in England:
* County Cricket Ground, Derby, East Midlands
* Racecourse Ground, Hereford, West Midlands
* The Racecourse, Durham University cricket ground, North East England
* Racecourse Ground, Swaffham, Norfolk, East Anglia
* Race Course Maidan (lit. 'Race Course Ground'), Delhi, India
# Chief Government Whip (Sri Lanka)

The Chief Government Whip is a position in the Parliament of Sri Lanka.

## List of Chief Government Whips
### Parties

United National Party  Ceylon Labour Party  Sri Lanka Freedom Party  Mahajana Eksath Peramuna  Sri Lanka Podujana Peramuna  National People's Power
| Name | Name | Political party | Tenure | Parliament |
| Parliament of Ceylon (1947–1972) |||||||
| | R. S. S. Gunawardena | United National Party | 29 November 1947 – May 1948 | 1st |
| | A. E. Goonesinghe | Ceylon Labour Party | 17 May 1948 – April 1952 | 1st |
| | C. W. W. Kannangara | United National Party | June 1952 – February 1956 | 2nd |
| | W. J. C. Moonesinghe | Sri Lanka Freedom Party | April 1956 – December 1959 | 3rd |
| | J. D. Weerasekera | Sri Lanka Freedom Party | July 1960 – 25 September 1963 | 5th |
| | S. K. K. Suriarachchi | Sri Lanka Freedom Party | 1963–1964 | 5th |
| | M. P. de Z. Siriwardena | Sri Lanka Freedom Party | July 1964 | 5th |
| | J. R. Jayewardene | United National Party | 1965–1970 | 6th |
| | K. B. Ratnayake | Sri Lanka Freedom Party | 1970–1972 | 7th |
| National State Assembly (1972–1978) |||||||
| | K. B. Ratnayake | Sri Lanka Freedom Party | 1972–1977 | 1st |
| | Vincent Perera | United National Party | 1977–1978 | 2nd |
| Parliament of Sri Lanka (1978–present) |||||||
| | Vincent Perera | United National Party | 7 September 1978 – 7 April 1993 | 8th 9th |
| | Wimal Wickramasinghe | United National Party | 7 April 1993 – 24 June 1994 | 9th |
| | Richard Pathirana | Sri Lanka Freedom Party | 25 August 1994 – 10 October 2000 | 10th |
| | Reggie Ranatunga | Sri Lanka Freedom Party | 1 November 2000 – 10 October 2001 | 11th |
| | Mahinda Samarasinghe | United National Party | 3 January 2002 – 7 February 2004 | 12th |
| | Jeyaraj Fernandopulle | Sri Lanka Freedom Party | 3 May 2004 – 6 April 2008 | 13th |
| | Dinesh Gunawardena | Mahajana Eksath Peramuna | 17 June 2008 – 20 January 2015 | 13th 14th |
| | Gayantha Karunathilaka | United National Party | 20 January 2015 – 02 January 2020 | 14th 15th |
| | Johnston Fernando | Sri Lanka Podujana Peramuna | 03 January 2020 – 18 April 2022 | 15th 16th |
| | Prasanna Ranatunga | Sri Lanka Podujana Peramuna | 18 April 2022 – 24 September 2024 | 16th |
| | Nalinda Jayatissa | National People's Power | 21 November 2024 – present | 17th |