# List of mammals of Virginia

This is a list of mammals in Virginia, including both current and recently historical inhabitants. Virginia has 77 species of native land mammals (including extirpated species), and the coast is visited by nearly 30 marine mammal species. 11 species or subspecies of native Virginian mammals are listed as endangered or threatened by the state Department of Wildlife Resources (DWR). Species which are presumed extirpated are crossed out.

## Didelphimorpha (opossums)

| Name | Species | Family | Conservation status | Conservation status |
| Name | Species | Family | IUCN Red List | State (NatureServe) |
| Virginia opossum | Didelphis virginiana | Didelphidae | | Secure (S5) |

## Rodentia (rodents)

| Name | Species / subspecies | Family | Conservation status | Conservation status | Conservation status | Conservation status |
| Name | Species / subspecies | Family | IUCN Red List | Federal (ESA) | State (Virginia DWR) | State (NatureServe) |
| American beaver | Castor canadensis | Castoridae | | | | Secure (S5) |
| Southern red-backed vole | Clethrionomys gapperi | Cricetidae | | | | Secure (S5) |
| Rock vole | Microtus chrotorrhinus | Cricetidae | | | State endangered | Critically imperiled (S1) |
| Meadow vole | Microtus pennsylvanicus | Cricetidae | | | | Secure (S5) |
| Woodland vole | Microtus pinetorum | Cricetidae | | | | Secure (S5) |
| Allegheny woodrat | Neotoma magister | Cricetidae | | | | Vulnerable (S3) |
| Golden mouse | Ochrotomys nuttalli | Cricetidae | | | | Apparently secure (S4) |
| Muskrat | Ondatra zibethicus | Cricetidae | | | | Secure (S5) |
| Marsh rice rat | Oryzomys palustris | Cricetidae | | | | Secure (S5) |
| Cotton mouse | Peromyscus gossypinus | Cricetidae | | | | Vulnerable (S3) |
| White-footed mouse | Peromyscus leucopus | Cricetidae | | | | Secure (S5) |
| Eastern deer mouse | Peromyscus maniculatus | Cricetidae | | | | Secure (S5) |
| Eastern harvest mouse | Reithrodontomys humulis | Cricetidae | | | | Secure (S5) |
| Hispid cotton rat | Sigmodon hispidus | Cricetidae | | | | Secure (S5) |
| Southern bog lemming | Synaptomys cooperi | Cricetidae | | | | Secure (S5) |
| Nutria | Myocastor coypus | Echimyidae | | | | SNA - introduced |
| North American porcupine | Erethizon dorsatum | Erethizontidae | | | | Critically imperiled (S1) |
| House mouse | Mus musculus | Muridae | | | | SNA - introduced |
| Brown rat | Rattus norvegicus | Muridae | | | | SNA - introduced |
| Black rat | Rattus rattus | Muridae | | | | SNA - introduced |
| Carolina northern flying squirrel | Glaucomys sabrinus coloratus | Sciuridae | | Endangered | State endangered | Critically imperiled (S1) |
| Virginia northern flying squirrel | Glaucomys sabrinus fuscus | Sciuridae | | | | Critically imperiled (S1) |
| Southern flying squirrel | Glaucomys volans | Sciuridae | | | | Secure (S5) |
| Woodchuck | Marmota monax | Sciuridae | | | | Secure (S5) |
| Eastern gray squirrel | Sciurus carolinensis | Sciuridae | | | | Secure (S5) |
| Eastern fox squirrel | Sciurus niger | Sciuridae | | | | Apparently secure (S4) |
| Eastern chipmunk | Tamias striatus | Sciuridae | | | | Secure (S5) |
| American red squirrel | Tamiasciurus hudsonicus | Sciuridae | | | | Secure (S5) |
| Woodland jumping mouse | Napaeozapus insignis | Zapodidae | | | | Secure (S5) |
| Meadow jumping mouse | Zapus hudsonius | Zapodidae | | | | Secure (S5) |

## Lagomorpha (lagomorphs)

| Name | Species | Family | Conservation status | Conservation status | Conservation status |
| Name | Species | Family | IUCN Red List | State (Virginia DWR) | State (NatureServe) |
| Snowshoe hare | Lepus americanus | Leporidae | | State endangered | Presumed extirpated (SX) |
| Black-tailed jackrabbit | Lepus californicus | Leporidae | | | SNA - introduced |
| Eastern cottontail | Sylvilagus floridanus | Leporidae | | | Secure (S5) |
| Appalachian cottontail | Sylvilagus obscurus | Leporidae | | | Apparently secure (S4) |
| Marsh rabbit | Sylvilagus palustris | Leporidae | | | Vulnerable (S3) |

## Eulipotyphla (shrews and moles)

| Name | Species | Family | Conservation status | Conservation status | Conservation status |
| Name | Species | Family | IUCN Red List | State (Virginia DWR) | State (NatureServe) |
| Northern short-tailed shrew | Blarina brevicauda | Soricidae | | | Secure (S5) |
| Southern short-tailed shrew | Blarina carolinensis | Soricidae | | | Secure (S5) |
| North American least shrew | Cryptotis parva | Soricidae | | | Secure (S5) |
| Cinereus shrew | Sorex cinereus | Soricidae | | | Secure (S5) |
| Long-tailed shrew | Sorex dispar | Soricidae | | | Vulnerable (S3) |
| Smoky shrew | Sorex fumeus | Soricidae | | | Secure (S5) |
| American pygmy shrew | Sorex hoyi | Soricidae | | | Apparently secure (S4) |
| Southeastern shrew | Sorex longirostris | Soricidae | | | Secure (S5) |
| American water shrew | Sorex palustris | Soricidae | | State endangered | No status rank (NSR) |
| Star-nosed mole | Condylura cristata | Talpidae | | | Apparently secure (S4) |
| Hairy-tailed mole | Parascalops breweri | Talpidae | | | Secure (S5) |
| Eastern mole | Scalopus aquaticus | Talpidae | | | Secure (S5) |

## Chiroptera (bats)

| Name | Species / subspecies | Family | Conservation status | Conservation status | Conservation status | Conservation status |
| Name | Species / subspecies | Family | IUCN Red List | Federal (ESA) | State (Virginia DWR) | State (NatureServe) |
| Rafinesque's big-eared bat | Corynorhinus rafinesquii | Vespertilionidae | | | State endangered | Imperiled (S2) |
| Virginia big-eared bat | Corynorhinus townsendii virginianus | Vespertilionidae | | Endangered | State endangered | Critically imperiled (S1) |
| Big brown bat | Eptesicus fuscus | Vespertilionidae | | | | Secure (S5) |
| Silver-haired bat | Lasionycteris noctivagans | Vespertilionidae | | | | Apparently secure (S4) |
| Eastern red bat | Lasiurus borealis | Vespertilionidae | | | | Apparently secure (S4) |
| Hoary bat | Lasiurus cinereus | Vespertilionidae | | | | Vulnerable (S3) |
| Northern yellow bat | Lasiurus intermedius | Vespertilionidae | | | | |
| Seminole bat | Lasiurus seminolus | Vespertilionidae | | | | |
| Southeastern myotis | Myotis austroriparius | Vespertilionidae | | | | Imperiled (S2) |
| Gray bat | Myotis grisescens | Vespertilionidae | | Endangered | State endangered | Critically imperiled (S1) |
| Eastern small-footed myotis | Myotis leibii | Vespertilionidae | | | | Imperiled (S2) |
| Little brown bat | Myotis lucifugus | Vespertilionidae | | | State endangered | Imperiled (S2) |
| Northern long-eared bat | Myotis septentrionalis | Vespertilionidae | | Endangered | State threatened | Imperiled (S2) |
| Indiana bat | Myotis sodalis | Vespertilionidae | | Endangered | State endangered | Critically imperiled (S1) |
| Evening bat | Nycticeius humeralis | Vespertilionidae | | | | Apparently secure (S4) |
| Tricolored bat | Perimyotis subflavus | Vespertilionidae | | | State endangered | Imperiled (S2) |
| Mexican free-tailed bat | Tadarida brasiliensis | Vespertilionidae | | | | |

## Carnivora (carnivorans)

| Name | Species | Family | Conservation status | Conservation status | Conservation status |
| Name | Species | Family | IUCN Red List | Federal (ESA) | State (NatureServe) |
| Coyote | Canis latrans | Canidae | | | Secure (S5) |
| Gray wolf | Canis lupus | Canidae | | Endangered | Presumed extirpated (SX) |
| Red wolf | Canis rufus | Canidae | | Endangered | Presumed extirpated (SX) |
| Gray fox | Urocyon cinereoargenteus | Canidae | | | Secure (S5) |
| Red fox | Vulpes vulpes | Canidae | | | Secure (S5) |
| Bobcat | Lynx rufus | Felidae | | | Apparently secure (S4) |
| Cougar | Puma concolor | Felidae | | | Presumed extirpated (SX) |
| Striped skunk | Mephitis mephitis | Mephitidae | | | Secure (S5) |
| Eastern spotted skunk | Spilogale putorius | Mephitidae | | | Vulnerable (S3) |
| North American river otter | Lontra canadensis | Mustelidae | | | Apparently secure (S4) |
| Least weasel | Mustela nivalis | Mustelidae | | | Vulnerable (S3) |
| Long-tailed weasel | Neogale frenata | Mustelidae | | | Secure (S5) |
| American mink | Neogale vison | Mustelidae | | | Secure (S5) |
| Fisher | Pekania pennanti | Mustelidae | | Endangered | Critically imperiled (S1) |
| Harbor seal | Phoca vitulina | Phocidae | | | |
| Common raccoon | Procyon lotor | Procyonidae | | | Secure (S5) |
| American black bear | Ursus americanus | Ursidae | | | Apparently secure (S4) |

## Artiodactyla (even-toed ungulates)

| Name | Species | Family | Conservation status | Conservation status |
| Name | Species | Family | IUCN Red List | State (NatureServe) |
| American bison | Bison bison | Bovidae | | Presumed extirpated (SX) |
| Elk | Cervus canadensis | Cervidae | | Reintroduced |
| Sika deer | Cervus nippon | Cervidae | | SNA - introduced |
| White-tailed deer | Odocoileus virginianus | Cervidae | | Secure (S5) |
| Wild boar | Sus scrofa | Suidae | | SNA - introduced |

## Cetacea (whales)

| Name | Species | Family | Conservation status | Conservation status | Conservation status |
| Name | Species | Family | IUCN Red List | Federal (ESA) | State (NatureServe) |
| North Atlantic right whale | Eubalaena glacialis | Balaenidae | | Endangered | |
| Common minke whale | Balaenoptera acutorostrata | Balaenopteridae | | | |
| Sei whale | Balaenoptera borealis | Balaenopteridae | | Endangered | |
| Bryde's whale | Balaenoptera brydei | Balaenopteridae | | | |
| Blue whale | Balaenoptera musculus | Balaenopteridae | | Endangered | |
| Fin whale | Balaenoptera physalus | Balaenopteridae | | Endangered | |
| Humpback whale | Megaptera novaeangliae | Balaenopteridae | | | Critically imperiled (S1) |
| Common dolphin | Delphinus delphis | Delphinidae | | | |
| Short-finned pilot whale | Globicephala macrorhynchus | Delphinidae | | | |
| Long-finned pilot whale | Globicephala melas | Delphinidae | | | |
| Risso's dolphin | Grampus griseus | Delphinidae | | | |
| Atlantic white-sided dolphin | Lagenorhynchus acutus | Delphinidae | | | |
| Orca | Orcinus orca | Delphinidae | | | |
| False killer whale | Pseudorca crassidens | Delphinidae | | | |
| Striped dolphin | Stenella coeruleoalba | Delphinidae | | | |
| Atlantic spotted dolphin | Stenella frontalis | Delphinidae | | | |
| Spinner dolphin | Stenella longirostris | Delphinidae | | | |
| Rough-toothed dolphin | Steno bredanensis | Delphinidae | | | |
| Common bottlenose dolphin | Tursiops truncatus | Delphinidae | | | |
| Pygmy sperm whale | Kogia breviceps | Kogiidae | | | |
| Dwarf sperm whale | Kogia simus | Kogiidae | | | |
| Harbor porpoise | Phocoena phocoena | Phocoenidae | | | |
| Sperm whale | Physeter macrocephalus | Physeteridae | | Endangered | |
| Dense-beaked whale | Mesoplodon densirostrus | Ziphiidae | | | |
| Antillean beaked whale | Mesoplodon europaeus | Ziphiidae | | | |
| True's beaked whale | Mesoplodon mirus | Ziphiidae | | | |
| Goose-beaked whale | Ziphias cavirostris | Ziphiidae | | | |

## Sirenia (manatees)

| Name | Species | Family | Conservation status | Conservation status |
| Name | Species | Family | IUCN Red List | Federal (ESA) |
| West Indian manatee | Trichechus manatus | Trichechidae | | Threatened |