OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# International Albinism Awareness Day

International Albinism Awareness Day (IAAD) is celebrated annually on June 13 to celebrate the human rights of persons with albinism worldwide.

## History
### Early developments

Around the mid-2000s, reports made public a rising number of violent attacks on and murders of persons with albinism in Tanzania. Many reports have accused perpetrators of attributing magical powers to the bodies of persons with albinism, and thus being motivated to use them for lucky charms and occult rituals. Until 2015, perpetrators killed more than 70 victims and harmed many more. In response, the Tanzania Albinism Society (TAS) and other NGOs began campaigning for the human rights of persons with albinism. TAS celebrated the first Albino Day on May 4, 2006. It became National Albino Day from 2009 onwards and was eventually called National Albinism Day.

### United Nations observance

On an international level, the Canadian NGO Under the Same Sun (UTSS) joined late Ambassador of the Mission of Somalia to the United Nations (UN), Yusuf Mohamed Ismail Bari-Bari, in his effort to pass a resolution promoting and protecting the rights of persons with albinism. Such a resolution came about when the Human Rights Council on June 13, 2013, adopted the first resolution ever on albinism. Later on, in its resolution 26/10 of June 26, 2014, the Human Rights Council recommended June 13 to be proclaimed as International Albinism Awareness Day by the United Nations' General Assembly. The UN's General Assembly, then, adopted on December 18, 2014, resolution 69/170 to proclaim, with effect from 2015, June 13 as International Albinism Awareness Day. The chosen date is reminiscent of the UN's first ever resolution which was passed on June 13 a year before. Today, IAAD is celebrated around the world from Tanzania, to Argentina, to Senegal, to Fiji, France, the United Kingdom and Namibia.

### Yearly themes

Each year a theme is chosen to set the tone for the days celebrations. So far, they have been the following:
| Year | Theme |
| 2016 | Celebrate diversity; promote inclusion; protect our rights |
| 2017 | Advancing with renewed hope |
| 2018 | Shining our light to the world |
| 2019 | Still standing strong |
| 2020 | Made to shine |
| 2021 | Strength beyond all odds |
| 2022 | United in making our voice heard |
| 2023 | Inclusion is strength |
# Emilio Scotto

Emilio Scotto (Buenos Aires, September 27, 1954) is an Argentine adventurer, photojournalist, and writer. As of 2009 he holds the Guinness record for the world's longest motorcycle ride, spanning 10 years, 214 countries and a total distance of 457,000 miles (735,000 km). The ride was done on a 1980 Honda Gold Wing GL1100 motorcycle Scotto calls "Black Princess", which now sits in the Don's Riverside Car Museum in Laughlin, Nevada. Scotto recounted his travels in a 224-page book illustrated with his photographs, The Longest Ride: My Ten-Year 500,000 Mile Motorcycle Journey, published in 2007.

## Biography

In 1985, Scotto quit his job as a Buenos Aires sales representative for the pharmaceutical company Pfizer to see the world on his five-year-old 1100 cc Honda Goldwing Interstate.
By the end of his journey in 1995, Scotto went through 13 64-page passports and his motorcycle received one replacement engine, consumed 12,500 US gallons (47,000 L) of gasoline, 350 US gallons (1,300 L) of oil, 86 tires, 12 batteries and nine new seats.
Scotto's odyssey was often perilous, including journeys through Nicaragua in 1985 during its civil war and Kuwait prior to the 1991 invasion by Iraq. The most dangerous part of his trip, he would later recall, came in Africa when he was arrested as a suspected spy in Burundi, Chad and Cameroon. He was also jailed on suspicion of carrying a forged passport in Zimbabwe. In Liberia, he came into the country during a period of military upheaval and needed to hide in a diplomatic compound in Monrovia for several days until he could receive safe passage out of the country.
Scotto was not able to arrange to bring his motorcycle into North Korea, but he was able to walk by foot around the demarcation zone separating that country from South Korea. He was nearly denied access to China when border officials insisted that he pay a $70,000 entry fee. Intervention by the Motorcycle Club of Beijing helped him enter the country without any prepayment.
Although Scotto did not publicize his journey when he first departed, news of his adventure began to spread during his travels. In late 1986, when he was stranded in New York City, a television news report helped bring in donations that allowed him to cross the ocean. Scotto was able to personally present a letter to Pope John Paul II at the Vatican, and Libyan leader Col. Muammar al-Gaddafi provided him with $300 for the African portion of his journey. During the later part of his journey, he received corporate sponsorship from Pepsi, Agip and Metzeler.
In 1991, Scotto married Monica Pino in New Delhi, India. She was his companion on the final four years of his trek.

## Reviews of The Longest Ride

A lighthearted capsule review by The Daily Telegraph recommended The Longest Ride on the strength of the approximately 200 photographs.
# 1983 in Croatian television

This is a list of Croatian television related events from 1983.

## Births

* 21 January - Nera Stipičević, singer & actress
* 15 May - Iva Šulentić, actress and TV & radio host

## Deaths

* This Croatian television-related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
# Sturia

Sturia is a genus of ceratitid ammonoids from the Lower Triassic with an ammonitic suture.
Sturia produced a robust, laterally compressed, high whorled, involute shell; whorls strongly embracing. the surface is without ribs or constructions but does have sharp spiral lines. the suture is ammonitic, deeply digitate; lobes and saddles narrowly V-shaped overall. The ventral lobe is divided, 1st lateral lobe is larger than the second, which is followed by a series of auxiliary lobes decreasing in size toward the umbilicus.
J.P Smith, 1932, included Sturia in the Thalassoceratidae, but only tentatively. The American Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology, Part L, 1957, includes Sturia in the Ptychitidae, along with such genera as Ptychites, Discoptychites, Aristoptychites, and Parasturia. Sturia is now included in the Sturiidae, established by Kipsarova. 1958, for genera such as already mentioned Sturia, Parasturia, and Discoptychites, notably distinct from genera retained in the Ptychitidae, like Ptychites.
# Camilla Brunsberg

Anna Brita Camilla Brunsberg (née Tillerkvist; born 15 April 1972) is a Swedish politician from the Moderate Party who has been a member of parliament for Blekinge County since the 2022 general election.
# Piotr Perkowski

Piotr Perkowski (17 March 1901 in Oweczacze (Овечаче, Ovechache, now Druzhne), Vinnytsia Oblast, now in Ukraine – 12 August 1990 in Otwock) was a Polish composer.
Perkowski studied at the Music Academy in Warsaw, and in Paris with Albert Roussel. He was a professor and a director at the Conservatory of Toruń (1936–1939). During World War II in occupied Poland he took part in the underground music movement, and fought in the Warsaw Uprising. After 1945, he was a composition teacher in Warsaw and Wroclaw. His pupils included Piotr Moss.
Perkowski composed film music (Żołnierz zwycięstwa, 1953), radio opera (Girlandy, 1961), five ballets, a cantata, two violin concertos and several songs.
# Mong Yawng Yazawin

Mong Yawng Yazawin (Burmese: မိုင်းယောင်း ရာဇဝင်, lit. 'Chronicle of Mong Yawng') is a 19th-century Burmese chronicle that covers the history of the Shan state of Mong Yawng. It is believed to have been written after the publication of Hmannan Yazawin.
# Sucarnochee Clay

The Sucarnochee Clay is a geologic formation in Alabama. It preserves fossils dating back to the Paleogene period.
# Bushbury South and Low Hill

Bushbury South and Low Hill is a ward of Wolverhampton City Council, West Midlands, England. It is situated to the north of the city centre, bordering the Bushbury North, Fallings Park, Heath Town, St Peter's and Oxley wards, and forms part of the Wolverhampton North East constituency.
It contains the southern part of Bushbury as well as Low Hill and part of the inner city area of Park Village. Our Lady and St Chad Catholic Academy and Moreton School as well as Fallings Park primary school lie within the ward, as does the Goodyear tyre factory, which has scaled down its operations considerably in recent years.
The local pub, situated on Old Fallings Lane, was originally named "Highcroft" which changed to "The Moon Under Water" when new management was introduced. The pub's name was finally changed to "The New Highcroft", before being demolished and replaced with the Highcroft Hall Residential Care Home, a Sanctuary Group home specialising in residential and dementia care.
# Andrzej Popiel

Andrzej Popiel (24 January 1936 – 17 February 2020) was a Polish stage actor. He sporadically appeared in films and TV series.
He was a son of Kazimierz Popiel and Anna Latinik, and a grandson of Polish Army general Franciszek Latinik, and great great grandson of Jan Wilhelm Hiż.
He was awarded the Brown Medal of Merit for National Defence (1971) and Silver Cross of Merit (1989).

## Theatre (selection)

* 1961: Wesoły telewizor (Estrada Kraków)
* 1973: Kariera Nikodema Dyzmy (The Career of Nicodemus Dyzma, Music Theatre in Łódź) as Litwinek
* 1975, 1983: Madame Sans-Gene (Music Theatre in Gdynia) as Kirkeby
* 1984: Fiddler on the Roof (Music Theatre in Gdynia, directed by Jerzy Gruza) as a rabbi
* 1991: Pan Tadeusz (Municipal Theatre in Gdynia, directed by Adam Hanuszkiewicz) as a chamberlain
* 1993: Fiddler on the Roof (Grand Theatre in Warsaw, directed by Jerzy Gruza) as a rabbi

## Filmography

* 1984: Smażalnia story
* 1986: Na kłopoty Bednarski (TV)
* 2002, 2003: Lokatorzy (TV)
* 2004, 2007: Sąsiedzi (TV)
* 2006: Outlanders
# Acacia leptopetala

Acacia leptopetala is a shrub belonging to the genus Acacia and the subgenus Phyllodineae that is endemic to an area of southwestern Australia.

## Description

The dense and multistemmed shrub typically grows to a height of 1.0 to 3.0 metres (3.3 to 9.8 ft). The glabrous branchlets are often covered in a fine white powdery coating. Like most species of Acacia, it has phyllodes rather than true leaves. The thinly coriaceous, glaucous and evergreen phyllodes have a narrowly elliptic to narrowly oblanceolate shape that can be recurved. The phyllodes normally have a length of 2 to 5.5 cm (0.79 to 2.17 in) and a width of 3 to 11 mm (0.12 to 0.43 in) and have a raised midrib. It produces yellow flowers from November to January.

## Taxonomy

The species was first formally described by the botanist George Bentham in 1855 as part of the work Plantae Muellerianae: Mimoseae as published in the journal Linnaea: ein Journal für die Botanik in ihrem ganzen Umfange, oder Beiträge zur Pflanzenkunde. It was reclassified as Racosperma leptopetalum in 2003 by Leslie Pedley and then transferred back to the genus Acacia in 2006.

## Distribution

It is native to an area in the Great Southern, Wheatbelt and Goldfields-Esperance regions of Western Australia where it is commonly found on flats growing in a variety of soils. The species is located from around Bencubbin in the north to around Nyabing in the southwest and as far as Ravensthorpe in the east where it is found growing in loamy, clay, sandy loam, sand and sandy gravel soils as a part of mallee scrub.
# George A. Spratt

George Alexander Spratt (November 1, 1870 – November 24, 1934) was an American inventor and pioneer in aviation design. In collaboration with the Wright brothers, Spratt demonstrated the cable-stayed triangle control frame for use in mass-shifting the pilot and pilot holding to control the attitude of a lifting wing for any type of aircraft that could benefit from such arrangement. This arrangement ended up being the sub-assembly most used in hang gliders, powered hang gliders, trikes, and ultralights.

## Life and career

Spratt was born in New Jersey on November 1, 1870, the son of physician George Reed Spratt. Around 1880, the family moved to Coatesville, Pennsylvania, where the elder Spratt established a successful medical practice. The younger Spratt studied medicine, attending Bucknell University and Medico-Chirurgical College, but may never have qualified as a physician. Illness forced him to give up his career plans in 1894 and move to the family farm four miles northeast of Coatesville, where he settled into farming.
Starting in 1896, Spratt became a lifelong amateur scientist absorbed in the study of aeronautics. He corresponded with aviation pioneer Octave Chanute and spent three weeks at Kitty Hawk, North Carolina, in the summer of 1901 assisting the Wright brothers in their aeronautical experiments. His recommendation to reduce the curvature of the glider's wings led to much more stable flight. He spent the entirety of October 1902 and October 1903 at Kitty Hawk, shortly before Orville Wright flew the first controlled powered airplane. Spratt continued to experiment and construct gliders, with mixed success, in an attempt to produce airplanes that remained perfectly stable in the air without intervention by the pilot. In 1920, he finally received a patent for his wing of circular cross section and tested an airplane using the wing at Pine Valley, New Jersey, in 1924. By then he was no longer on speaking terms with the Wrights, who he claimed had deprived him of due credit for their inventions. His experiments culminated on September 28, 1934, when his son, George G. Spratt, flew a "plane without a tail" for the first time.
Spratt died of heart disease two months later on November 24, 1934, in Coatesville. As of 1981, his son was living in Wallingford, Connecticut, and continuing to build planes using his father's designs.

## Legacy

The Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission dedicated a state historical marker to Spratt on October 16, 2021. Located by the road outside the Spratt Farm in West Brandywine Township, Chester County, Pennsylvania, the marker states that his "research was instrumental in the Wright brothers’ first flight. He performed countless experiments to understand the forces that would keep aircraft aloft. His innovative use of a wind tunnel led to greater understanding of the effect of lift, drag, and the center of pressure on a curved wing.”
# George Hinterhoeller

George Anton Hinterhoeller (1928–1999) was a Canadian boat designer and builder, a significant contributor to the Canadian sailboat industry for almost forty years.

## Early life

Hinterhoeller was born in Mondsee, Austria on March 16, 1928. He first sailed at the age of 8.

## Career

Hinterhoeller apprenticed and developed his trade as a master boat builder before eventually emigrating to Canada in 1952, where he was employed building powerboats at Shepherd Boats in Niagara-on-the-Lake, Ontario. He designed and built sailboats in his spare time. By 1956 he was taking numerous orders for the Y-Flyer one-design. He built 40 before “the market dried up.”
In 1959, Hinterhoeller built a 22-foot plywood sloop called TEETER-TOTTER, which he hoped would "go like hell when the wind blew". It did exactly that, and there was demand from others to buy copies of the racer. He increased the design by two feet and called the new boat the Shark 24. Though the first few were plywood, an early customer insisted his be built with fiberglass and the design was changed to the cheaper material, helping to spur the growth of sailboats for "the masses".
In 1969, Hinterhoeller merged his operation with three other companies: Belleville Marine Yard, Bruckmann Manufacturing, and the design partnership of George Cuthbertson and George Cassian, to form C&C Yachts. Hinterhoeller was in charge of "production shop" and Bruckmann the "custom shop". The new company took over manufacturing of the Shark 24 along with numerous other new designs including the very popular C&C 27. Hinterhoeller left C&C in 1976, and refounded Hinterhoeller Yachts which created, among other designs, popular series of catboat called the Nonsuch, of which there are nearly 1000 in existence.

## Death

George Hinterhoeller died of a heart attack in Niagara-on-the-Lake on March 18, 1999, at age 71. His legacy lives on primarily in thousands of sailboats. The largest number of any one design is the Shark, of which there are more than 2500 vessels primarily in the Great Lakes region and in Europe.

## Awards

George Hinterhoeller was awarded an honorary Doctor of Laws by Brock University or his contributions to "sailing, yacht construction and job creation" at the Spring Convocation on 4 June 1982.
George Hinterhoeller was awarded the Canadian Yachting Magazine, Ontario Sailing, 2011 Legends of Ontario Sailing Award as one of the “Builders of C&C Yachts”

## Hinterhoeller archive

The Marine Museum of the Great Lakes in Kingston, Ontario has in its archives the personal drawings and files of noted Canadian boat builder and designer George Hinterhoeller, the donation thanks to his son Richard Hinterhoeller and Hinterhoeller's widow Nona Hinterhoeller.

## Boat designs

* Cygnus 20 – 1965
* GT-26 (Hinterhoeller) – 1983
* Hinterhoeller 25 – 1969
* Hinterhoeller 28 – 1967
* Hinterhoeller 30 – 1969
* HR-25 (Hinterhoeller) – 1969
* HR-28 (Hinterhoeller) – 1967
* Niagara 26 – 1975
* Niagara 30 – 1967
* Shark 24 – 1959
# Sugar Run Dolomite

The Sugar Run Dolomite is a geologic formation in Illinois. It is a finely-bedded dolomite, preserving fossils dating back to the Silurian period. This formation is named for the Sugar Run stream in Joliet, along which it is well exposed. The dolomite is off-white/grey on freshly cut surfaces but over time oxidizes to a distinctive cream yellow color due to trace presence of iron. It is a member of the Niagaran series.

## Use in architecture

This formation has been quarried for building material since the mid-19th century, sometimes sold under the misleading trade name of "Athens marble". It is also known as Joliet or Lemont limestone. It was used widely in the construction of many Chicago homes and buildings from the 1850s-1880s, including the famous Chicago Water Tower. By the 1890s, it fell out of fashion as a building material in favor of more durable Indiana limestone.
# Jasmin Farid

Jasmin Farid (born 10 February 1992) is a Swedish Moderate Party politician who has been a Member of the Riksdag since 2022.
# Anna Seniuk

Anna Seniuk (born 17 November 1942, in Stanisławów) is a Polish actress.
After World War II, together with other Poles from Stanisławów, she was forced by the Soviet government to leave her hometown, settling in the town of Zator, near Oświęcim. In 1964 Seniuk graduated from Państwowa Wyższa Szkoła Teatralna (Academy for the Dramatic Arts) in Kraków and debuted in the renowned Helena Modrzejewska (Old Theatre). In the early 1970s, she moved to Warsaw, where she played in several theatres. Since 2003, she has been working there at the National Theatre.
Seniuk is known to Polish viewers mainly for her role of Magda Karwowska in the immensely popular 1970s Polish TV series Czterdziestolatek (The Forty-Year-Old). She has cooperated with Polish Radio and has been featured in more than 40 radio shows. Among her most famous film roles, there are appearances in such productions as Europa Europa, Potop and The Maids of Wilko.

## Selected filmography

Film :
| Year | Title |
| 2006 | The Boy on the Galloping Horse |
| 1990 | Europa Europa |
| 1982 | Konopielka |
| 1980 | The Moth |
| 1979 | The Maids of Wilko |
| 1974 | The Deluge |
| 1968 | The Doll |
TV :
| Year | Title |
| 2011-2012 | Wszyscy kochają Romana |
| 1974-1977 | Czterdziestolatek |
| 1973 | Czarne Chmury |
| 1967 | Stawka większa niż życie |
# Kalchyk (river)

The Kalchyk (Ukrainian: Кальчик) is a river in the Donetsk and Zaporizhzhia Oblasts of Ukraine. It is historically known as the Kalka. It flows into the Kalmius, which it enters near the city of Mariupol.
Supposedly, the river was the scene of the Battle of the Kalka River between the Mongol Empire and Kievan Rus' in 1223. It was also the scene of the decisive Battle of the Kalka River (1381) between Mamai and Tokhtamysh which ended the Great Troubles (1359–1381), a war of succession within the Golden Horde.
# Formosan rock macaque

The Formosan rock macaque (Macaca cyclopis), also known as the Formosan rock monkey or Taiwanese macaque, is a macaque endemic to the island of Taiwan, which has also been introduced to Japan. Besides humans, Formosan rock macaques are the only native primates living in Taiwan. The species was first described by Robert Swinhoe in 1862.

## Physical characteristics

Rock macaques measure 50–60 cm and weigh 5–12 kg, generally females are smaller. Their tails are moderately long and measure 26–45 cm. The Formosan rock macaque is brown or gray in color. Like all other macaques, it has specialized pouch-like cheeks, allowing it to temporarily hoard its food. The gathered morsels are eaten sometime later, in safe surroundings.

## Life and behavior

Among the 22 species of the genus Macaca that are found in southern and eastern Asia as well as northwestern Africa, the Formosan macaque is the only species endemic to the island of Taiwan.
Formosan rock macaques live in mixed coniferous-hardwood temperate forest, as well as bamboo and grassland at 100–3600m (328–11,812 ft). The social structure of macaques is generally characterized as often occurring as a large stable multimale-multifemale troop. Formosan macaque is considered to be female-bonded which is similar to other species in the genus Macaca. Based on the study of Hsu and Lin, the average overall sex ratio was approximately 1:1, and the average adult sex ratio was close to 0.53. Solitary adult males accounted for 5% of the entire population, and they were seen interacting with social troops especially during mating season. They communicate using visual signals and sounds. They will "scream" when non-group members come near them. Group members usually respond using a "kyaw-kyaw" sound.
Rock macaques are diurnal, arboreal, and terrestrial. They usually stay in trees and less so on the ground. They rest in forest and forage in grasslands. Their diet consists of fruits, tender leaves, buds, grass stems, insects, snails, and bird eggs.

## Reproduction

The Formosan rock macaque gives birth to a single offspring. During estrus, the perineum of the female swells at the base of the tail, and there is also swelling along the thighs. Their mating season is from October to January. Gestation may last about five and a half months. Females give birth to babies between spring and summer. Females are entirely responsible for nursing. Youngsters are carried in mother's arms for 2–3 months. Not until one year old, will youngsters be fully separated from their parents carrying.

## Conservation

Formosan rock macaques are hunted for the damage they do to crops. They are also hunted for the purpose of exports for medical experimental use. In Taiwan, there is a strong culture of feeding macaques (in parks, along roadsides), particularly on the west coast, which increases their interaction and incidents with humans. Recent efforts by the government have tried to stop this behaviour, with mixed results.