OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# People's Press (Beijing)

People's Press (Chinese: 人民出版社; pinyin: Rénmín Chūbǎnshè), commonly known as People's Publishing House, abbreviated as PPH, is a China's state-run comprehensive publishing house based in Beijing, which mainly publishes books on philosophy and social sciences, and is the official publisher of political and ideological books for the Chinese Communist Party and the Chinese Government. It is run by the Central Propaganda Department of the Chinese Communist Party. Its important publications include classic works of Marxism, and works by "Leaders of the Party and State" of the People's Republic of China.

## History

People's Publishing House was originally established 1 September 1921, and was rebuilt on 1 December 1950.
In 1986, Ge Jianxiong's dissertation, Population Geography of the Western Han Dynasty (西汉人口地理), was published as a monograph by the People's Publishing House, which was the first doctoral thesis of history published in the People's Republic of China.

## Publications
### Works of Leaders of the Party and the State

* Quotations from Chairman Mao Tse-tung
* General Secretary Xi Jinping important speech series
# Bernardo Segura

Bernardo Segura Rivera (born February 11, 1970, in San Mateo Atenco) is a Mexican race walker. He is the current holder of the 20,000m World Record for Race Walking on a track with a time of 1:17:25.6. In the 2000 Olympic Games, Segura finished first the 20 km walk. However, he was disqualified by the judges while he was being congratulated by then president Ernesto Zedillo.

## Achievements

| Year | Competition | Venue | Position | Event | Notes |
| Representing Mexico ||||||
| 1992 | Pan American Race Walking Cup | Guatemala City, Guatemala | 1st | 20 km | 1:24:09 |
| 1993 | World Student Games | Buffalo, United States | 3rd | 20 km | |
| 1993 | World Championships | Stuttgart, Germany | — | 20 km | DSQ |
| 1994 | Pan American Race Walking Cup | Atlanta, United States | 1st | 20 km | 1:24:15 |
| 1995 | World Race Walking Cup | Beijing, China | 3rd | 20 km |
| 1995 | World Championships | Gothenburg, Sweden | — | 20 km | DNF |
| 1996 | Olympic Games | Atlanta, United States | 3rd | 20 km | |
| 1998 | Central American and Caribbean Games | Maracaibo, Venezuela | 2nd | 20 km | |
| 1999 | Pan American Games | Winnipeg, Canada | 1st | 20 km | |
| 1999 | World Race Walking Cup | Mézidon-Canon, France | 1st | 20 km |
| 2000 | Pan American Race Walking Cup | Poza Rica, Mexico | 1st | 20 km | 1:22:47 |
| 2000 | Olympic Games | Sydney, Australia | — | 20 km | DSQ |
| 2003 | Pan American Games | Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic | 2nd | 20 km | |
| 2003 | World Championships | Paris, France | — | 20 km | DSQ |
| 2004 | Olympic Games | Athens, Greece | — | 20 km | DNF |
| 2005 | World Championships | Helsinki, Finland | — | 20 km | DSQ |
# Potassium benzoate

Potassium benzoate (E212), the potassium salt of benzoic acid, is a food preservative that inhibits the growth of mold, yeast and some bacteria. It works best in low-pH products, below 4.5, where it exists as benzoic acid.
Acidic foods and beverages such as fruit juice (citric acid), sparkling drinks (carbonic acid), soft drinks (phosphoric acid), and pickles (vinegar) may be preserved with potassium benzoate. It is approved for use in most countries including Canada, the United States and the European Union, where it is designated by the E number E212.
Potassium benzoate is also used in the whistle in many fireworks.

## Synthesis

One very common way to make potassium benzoate is by oxidizing toluene to benzoic acid followed by a neutralization with potassium hydroxide:
    C$_6$H$_5$COOH + KOH → C$_6$H$_5$COOK + H$_2$O
Another way to synthesize potassium benzoate in the lab setting is by hydrolyzing methyl benzoate with potassium hydroxide:
    C$_6$H$_5$COOCH$_3$ + KOH → C$_6$H$_5$COOK + CH$_3$OH

## Reactions

Potassium benzoate, like sodium benzoate, can be decarboxylated with a strong base and heat:
    C$_6$H$_5$COOK + KOH → C$_6$H$_6$ + K$_2$CO$_3$

## Mechanism of food preservation

The mechanism of food preservation begins with the absorption of benzoic acid into the cell. If the intracellular pH changes to 5 or lower, the anaerobic fermentation of glucose through phosphofructokinase is decreased by 95%.

## Safety and health

Potassium benzoate has low acute toxicity upon oral and dermal exposure. The Food Commission, which campaigns for safer, healthier food in the UK, describes potassium benzoate as "mildly irritant to the skin, eyes and mucous membranes".

## Spectra
### Carbon-13 NMR

The carbon-13 NMR shows 5 unique peaks. There are four peaks between 130-140 ppm from the carbon atoms in the benzene ring. There is an additional carbon peak around 178 ppm representing the carbon atom from the carbonyl group.

### Infrared spectrum

The following are the main peaks in the IR spectrum.
* 1610: C=O from carbonyl
* 1580: C=C from benzene ring
# Ford LCF

The Ford LCF (Low Cab Forward) is a medium-duty cab-over truck that was marketed by Ford Motor Company from 2006 to 2009. The first cab-over (COE) vehicle sold by Ford since the company sold the rights to the Ford Cargo design (in North America) to Freightliner in 1996, the LCF was developed as a Class 4/5 truck, competing in a market segment dominated by the Isuzu NPR (and its rebadged Chevrolet/GMC variants). Sold in various wheelbases, the model line was developed for various configurations, including dump trucks, fire trucks, tow trucks, box trucks, crane/bucket trucks, flat beds and stake bodies.
Produced in a joint venture with Navistar International, (known as Blue Diamond, a nod to the Ford "Blue" Oval and the Navistar "Diamond"), the LCF was also marketed by Navistar as the International CF/CityStar. The first (and only) collaborative design to emerge from the joint venture, the LCF/CityStar was assembled in General Escobedo, Mexico, alongside the Ford F-650/F-750 Super Duty and International DuraStar.
Following slow sales of the LCF/CityStar, the model line was discontinued by both companies after 2009. As of current production, the LCF remains the final COE marketed by Ford in North America (of any size).

## Design overview

The Ford LCF derived its chassis from the Ford F-450/F-550 Super Duty trucks, sourcing its cab from the Japanese-market Mazda Titan introduced in 2000. The LCF and CF were fitted with a single powertrain: a 4.5-litre V6 version of the 6-litre PowerStroke/VT365. While the engine itself was exclusive to the two trucks, it was mated to the five-speed Torqshift (5R110W) transmission shared with the Super Duty pickup line
Standard features included manual windows and steel wheels and a painted grille; for an extra cost, power windows could be added alongside a chrome grille, bumper, and wheels. Styled similar to the Super Duty trucks, the grille of the LCF differed from its International counterpart, which featured vertical bars.

### International CF/CityStar

Assembled alongside the Ford LCF in the Blue Diamond joint venture, the International CF (renamed CityStar in 2008) was the smallest truck marketed by Navistar International, succeeding the Nissan-sourced 400–900 series (discontinued in 1991). Differing from the LCF only by its grille and badging, Navistar marketed its 4.5L V6 as the VT275 engine.
For 2010, International returned to the Class 5 truck market, introducing the conventional-cab International TerraStar.
# Jim Keats

Detective Chief Inspector James "Jim" Keats is a fictional character in BBC One's science fiction/police procedural drama, Ashes to Ashes. The character is portrayed by actor Daniel Mays.

## Biography

DCI James "Jim" Keats claimed to have been sent from the Discipline and Complaints department of Scotland Yard to assess the Fenchurch East division of the London Metropolitan Police (led by DCI Gene Hunt) as part of Operation Countryman. In reality, Keats was a malevolent spirit, if not Satan, who aimed to destroy the division and bring its members to his department.
# Drawer (disambiguation)

Drawer is a component of furniture.
Drawer or Drawers may also refer to:
* Someone who engages in drawing
* Payor, a person who draws a bill of exchange
* Drawers (undergarment), underwear for the lower body
** Open drawers, long underwear for the lower body
** Drawers (trousers), under layer of trousers
* Drawer test, a diagnostic test
* Drawer, a graphical user interface widget
* Drawer, a file system directory in AmigaOS's Workbench
# Kirk Sandall railway station

Kirk Sandall railway station serves the suburb of Kirk Sandall in Doncaster, South Yorkshire, England. The station is 4 miles (6 km) north of Doncaster on the South Humberside Main Line. The current station opened by British Rail in 1991 and is not on the site of the original station, which was about 0.5 miles (1 km) up the line eastwards.

## Facilities

The station consists of a single concrete island platform located between the inner 'fast' lines on the quad track section of route between Marshgate Junction, Doncaster and Thorne Junction. It is unstaffed but there is a ticket machine near to the car park entrance. A single waiting shelter is the only structure on the platform apart from bench seating, timetable posters and customer information screens. Both platforms are fully accessible by means of a long inclined ramp from the main entrance on the road above.

## Service

The station provides an hourly service eastbound to Hull during the daytime Monday through Saturday and a two-hourly service to Scunthorpe. Westbound service comprises either one or two trains per hour to Doncaster. There are no longer any regular services to Meadowhall and Sheffield since the spring 2019 timetable change apart from a single late evening working. Passengers must change at Doncaster for onward connections. The service towards Scunthorpe formerly ran hourly, but was curtailed during the pandemic in 2020 and has not been fully reinstated.
TransPennine Express serves the station with a single eastbound Monday-Saturday service to Cleethorpes in the late evening. There is no return service westbound.
In February 2013 the line northeast of Hatfield and Stainforth station towards Thorne was blocked by the Hatfield Colliery landslip, with all services over the section halted. The line reopened in July 2013.
# Soldatensender Calais

Soldatensender Calais (G.9) (German:, Soldiers' Radio Calais) was a British black propaganda broadcaster during the Second World War operated by the Political Warfare Executive. It pretended to be a station of the German military broadcasting network. The station was in operation between 14 November 1943 and 30 April 1945, when it ceased operations.
Soldatensender Calais operated on the mediumwave band on 833 kHz (360 metres), 714 kHz (420 metres), and 612 kHz (490 metres), with an associated shortwave station Kurzwellensender Atlantik (Shortwave Station Atlantic) created to broadcast to U-boat crews. The station used a 500 kilowatt transmitter originally built for American broadcaster WJZ, in Newark, New Jersey. This transmitter had lain unused at the factory after the United States Federal Communications Commission imposed a 50 kW power limit on all U.S. stations, and so RCA was glad to sell it overseas and the British Secret Service bought it for £165,000. Codenamed Aspidistra, it was installed in a huge, underground bunker near Crowborough in Sussex, England, where it was briefly the world's largest medium wave station, perfect for deceptive "black" operation.
Soldatensender Calais operated from 6 p.m. local time to dawn. Unlike its predecessor Gustav Siegfried Eins, the programmes were live from the purposely-built broadcast studio at Milton Bryan in Bedfordshire and presented by Agnes Bernelle using the codename "Vicky".
The method of propaganda used by Soldatensender Calais was described by Sefton Delmer, its creator, in his book, Black Boomerang, as "cover, cover, dirt, cover, dirt"; that is, using good music and providing coverage of sports and other events of interest to a German serviceman, the station made that listener receptive to propaganda items aimed at decreasing morale. An example was a warning of confidence men swindling German soldiers being transferred from France to the Russian front. This approach could be compared to those used by Tokyo Rose and Axis Sally, without the heavy-handedness of the Axis programs. Soldatensender Calais, as part of its cover, relayed speeches by Adolf Hitler and other Nazi officials.
During the D-Day invasion of 6 June 1944, Soldatensender Calais broadcast information that was intended to impress German intelligence officers that the invasion area was wider than it actually was. After the Pas de Calais area was overrun, the station changed its callsign to Soldatensender West.
Soldatensender's broadcast was repeated in print the next day in the PWE/OSS Nachrichten für die Truppe air-dropped newspaper for German troops.
The station closed on 30 April 1945 without any official announcement.
Other clandestine radio stations operated by the Political Warfare Executive and its forerunners during the war included Das wahre Deutschland (G.1), Sender der Europäischen Revolution (G.2), Gustav Siegfried Eins (G.3), Wehrmachtssender Nord (G.5) and the German Priest (G.7) station.
The Soviet-based German People's Radio also known as Deutscher Volkssender was inspired, in part, by Soldatensender Calais.
# Jimmy Squibb

Cyril Maurice Squibb (21 November 1921 – 30 August 2004) (known as Jimmy Squibb during his speedway career) was an international motorcycle speedway rider from England. He earned four international caps for the England national speedway team and four caps for the Great Britain team.

## Biography

Squibb, born in Poole, began his British leagues career riding for Southampton Saints during the 1947 Speedway National League Division Three season. He helped Southampton win the National Trophy in 1948, became the club captain and continued to be a prominent rider for the south coast team until midway through the 1951 season, when Southampton withdrew from the league. He needed a new club and was signed by Harringay Racers for a fee of £800, to ride in the top division.
In 1952, he was approached by Wigan under a new promotion but eventually left Harringay for his home town club Poole Pirates, which turned out to be a good move because the club won the league and cup double. He rode five seasons for Poole from 1952 to 1956 and won another league and cup double in 1955.
His final season at Poole was in the top division of British speedway and was one to forget because he was involved in a horrific crash that resulted in the death of Malcolm Flood in April 1956.
He returned to Southampton from 1957 to halfway through the 1959 season, when he switched to Poole again. In 1960, he moved to join the Ipswich Witches and was with them up to the point when they withdrew from the league in 1962. This forced a move to the Provincial League with Plymouth Devils, where he topped the team averages at 9.74.
Another fractured season followed in 1963, which saw his new club New Cross Rangers disband and Squibb join Exeter Falcons for the remainder of the season. He found stability in 1964 with Exeter and was with them in 1965 when the new British league was formed. Squibb had previously captained Great Britain and continued to perform at a high level and as he entered his 24th year of racing he joined Cradley Heathens for the 1970 British League season.
He raced with Eastbourne Eagles in 1973 and Canterbury Crusaders in 1974 and 1975, the latter his 29th and final season.
# Laux Maler

Laux Maler or Laux Mahler or Lucas Maller (1485–1552) was a renaissance luthier specialising in lutes, from Füssen, Germany. He worked in Bologna, Italy.
Lutes made by Laux Maler were highly prized by musicians in the seventeenth century. In April 1645 Constantijn Huygens tried to obtain a nine rib Laux Maler lute from Jacques Gaultier, a lutenist at the court of Charles I of England. Gaultier said there were only fifty extant, six in London, of medium size and not suitable to accompany a singer. Soon after Gaultier found one of the larger size, recently rebuilt in London by a Master Nichols. Huygens had the lute sent to him on approval, but did not buy it. In 1649 Charles I gave Gaultier another Laux Maler lute, formerly belonging to the royal lutenist John Ballard. Gaultier offered this lute to Huygens, and sent it to The Hague but could not secure an expert recommendation for it from their mutual friend Mary Woodhouse.
# David Wijns

David Wijns (born 9 January 1987) is a Belgian footballer who currently plays for ASV Geel in the Belgian Division 3.

## Career

Wijns started his professional football career with Heist in the Belgian Promotion, helping the team promote twice to end up in the Belgian Second Division before being transferred to Belgian Pro League team Kortrijk in 2011. For Kortrijk, he played 29 league games in two seasons, before moving back to his birth town to join OH Leuven in 2013. In August 2014, Wijns was loaned back to Heist for one season Archived 2014-09-02 at the Wayback Machine, with the loan eventually being made permanent following the 2014–15 season.
# Upeneichthys

Upeneichthys is a genus of goatfishes native to the Indian and Pacific coasts of Australia.

## Species

There are currently three recognized species in this genus:
* Upeneichthys lineatus Bloch & Schneider, 1801 (Blue-lined goatfish)
* Upeneichthys stotti Hutchins, 1990 (Stott's goatfish)
* Upeneichthys vlamingii (Cuvier, 1829) (Southern goatfish)
# Lilith (computer)

The DISER Lilith is a custom built workstation computer based on the Advanced Micro Devices (AMD) 2901 bit slicing processor, created by a group led by Niklaus Wirth at ETH Zurich. The project began in 1977, and by 1984 several hundred workstations were in use. It has a high resolution full page portrait oriented cathode-ray tube display, a mouse, a laser printer interface, and a computer networking interface. Its software is written fully in Modula-2 and includes a relational database program named Lidas.
The Lilith processor architecture is a stack machine. Citing from Sven Erik Knudsen's contribution to "The Art of Simplicity": "Lilith's clock speed was around 7 MHz and enabled Lilith to execute between 1 and 2 million instructions (called M-code) per second. (...) Initially, the main memory was planned to have 65,536 16-bit words memory, but soon after its first version, it was enlarged to twice that capacity. For regular Modula-2 programs however, only the initial 65,536 words were usable for storage of variables."

## History

The development of Lilith was influenced by the Xerox Alto from the Xerox PARC (1973) where Niklaus Wirth spent a sabbatical from 1976 to 1977. Unable to bring back one of the Alto systems to Europe, Wirth decided to build a new system from scratch between 1978 and 1980, selling it under the company name DISER (Data Image Sound Processor and Emitter Receiver System). In 1985, he had a second sabbatical leave to PARC, which led to the design of the Oberon System. Ceres, the follow-up to Lilith, was released in 1987.

## Operating system

The Lilith operating system (OS), named Medos-2, was developed at ETH Zurich, by Svend Erik Knudsen with advice from Wirth. It is a single user, object-oriented operating system built from modules of Modula-2.
Its design influenced the design of the OS Excelsior, developed for the Soviet Kronos workstation (see below), by the Kronos Research Group (KRG).

## Soviet variants

From 1986 into the early 1990s, Soviet Union technologists created and produced a line of printed circuit board systems, and workstations based on them, all named Kronos. The workstations were based on Lilith, and made in small numbers.

## Mouse

The computer mouse of the Lilith was custom-designed, and later used with the Smaky computers. It then inspired the first mice produced by Logitech.

## Gallery

* The vertical screen, keyboard and mouse of the Diser Lilith
* Vertical tower central unit
* Internal view of the Lilith, showcasing the CPU boards
* Front view of the Lilith workstation
# Lama Gyurme

Lama Gyurme (born in 1948), or Lama Gyourmé, is a Buddhist Bhutanese Lama and musician.
He has lived in France since 1974, and he is the director of the Kagyu-Dzong center in Paris, since 1982, the Vajradhara-Ling center in Aubry-le-Panthou, Normandy and since 2011 the Drayang Gyatso Ling Association in Masnou (Barcelona-Spain) related to mantra chants and meditation.
Born in Bhutan in 1948, he was entrusted by his family at the age of four to the monastery of Djang Tchub Tcheu Ling in Bhutan where his interest in sacred music appeared quickly. At the age of nine, he became a permanent resident of the monastery where he received Buddhist teachings, completed by an initiation to traditional arts, including music.
At the age of 20, he followed his first spiritual retreat of three years, three months and three days, necessary to the formation of Lama, at the monastery of Sonada in India of which the director is Kalu Rinpoche. During this retreat, he was given the title of "Oumze" – master of music – by Kalu Rinpoche. After a stay at the monastery of Rumtek in Sikkim, he fulfilled his religious education in Bhutan before obtaining his diploma of teacher of the Kagyupa tradition that was given to him by the 16th Karmapa.
After being introduced to Jean-Philippe Rykiel by a female disciple of Gyurme's in 1994, the pair went onto collaborate on several projects including the Real World Records album Rain of Blessings: Vajra Chants.
In 1995 and in 1998, Gyurme went on a pilgrimage to Tibet and visited the 17th Karmapa Orgyen Trinley Dorje in the monastery of Tsurphu. He presented him his project of construction of the Temple for Peace.
Gyurme also participated in the music of the 1999 film Himalaya'.

## Discography

* Songs of Awakening: The Lama's Chant with Jean-Philippe Rykiel (1995)
* Himalaya - l'enfance d'un chef (participation) (1999)
* Rain of Blessings/Vajra Chants with Jean-Philippe Rykiel (2000)
* Hope for Enlightenment (2000)
* The Lama's Chants (Songs of Awakening/Roads of Blessings) with Jean-Philippe Rykiel and Loy Ehrlich (2004)
* Chants for Peace (Chants pour la Paix) with Jean-Philippe Rykiel (2010)
# 1735 in Ireland

Events from the year 1735 in Ireland.

## Incumbent

* Monarch: George II

## Events

* c. December – Bishop George Berkeley's economic text The Querist begins publication anonymously in Dublin.
* Construction of the Magazine Fort in Phoenix Park, Dublin, begins.
* Thomas Carte's An History of the Life of James, Duke of Ormonde begins publication in London.

## Arts and literature

* The first known printed poetry by an Ulster Scots writer (in the Habbie stanza form) is published in a broadsheet in Strabane.

## Births

* 27 February – Thomas Conway, army officer (d. 1795)
* 19 July – Garret Wesley, 1st Earl of Mornington, politician and composer (d. 1781)
* 22 September – Charles Bingham, 1st Earl of Lucan, politician (d. 1799)
* William Blakeney, British Army officer and politician (d. 1804)
* Thomas Busby, soldier and innkeeper (d. 1798)
* Sir Thomas Butler, 6th Baronet, politician (d. 1772)
* Patrick Duigenan, lawyer and politician (d. 1816)
* John McCausland, politician (d. 1804)
* Edward Dominic O'Brien, British Army officer (d. 1801)

## Deaths

* 25 January – Matthew Clerk, Presbyterian minister (b. 1659)
* 26 February – Gustavus Hamilton, politician (b. c.1685)
* 4 March - Mary Mercer (of Mercer's Hospital, Stephen Street, Dublin)
* 4 August – George St George, 1st Baron St George, politician (b. c.1658)
* 27 August – Peter Browne, Church of Ireland Bishop of Cork and Ross and writer (b. c.1665)