OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Donald B. Cole

Donald Barnard Cole (March 31, 1922 – October 5, 2013), born in Lawrence, Massachusetts, was professor emeritus at Phillips Exeter Academy, New Hampshire, and the author of books on early American history, including Martin Van Buren and the American Political System and The Presidency of Andrew Jackson.
Cole was married to Susan Wilson, with whom he had four children: Douglas, Robert, Daniel, and Susan. Cole died on October 5, 2013, in Exeter, New Hampshire.
He graduated from Phillips Academy and Harvard University in 1944. He served in the Navy during World War II. He served as a lieutenant on a landing craft in the Pacific Theater, including the invasions of Okinawa and Guam.

## Published works

* Immigrant City: Lawrence, Massachusetts, 1845-1921. Chapel Hill, NC: UNC Press, 1963/2002. ISBN 0-8078-5408-5
* Jacksonian Democracy in New Hampshire, 1800-1851. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1970. ISBN 0-674-46990-9
* A Jackson Man: Amos Kendall and the Rise of American Democracy. Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 2004. ISBN 0-8071-2930-5
* Martin Van Buren and the American Political System. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press, 1984. ISBN 0-691-04715-4
* The Presidency of Andrew Jackson. Lawrence, Kan.: University Press of Kansas, 1993. ISBN 0-7006-0600-9
* Vindicating Andrew Jackson: The 1828 Election and the Rise of the Two-Party System. Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 2009. ISBN 978-0-7006-1661-9
* Witness to the Young Republic: A Yankee's Journal, 1828-1870 (with Benjamin B. French & John J. McDonough). Hanover, NH: University Press of New England, 1989. ISBN 0-87451-467-3
# Nuit noire 17 octobre 1961

Nuit noire 17 octobre 1961 is a 2005 French television film directed by Alain Tasma.
This is the adaptation of the investigative book "La Bataille de Paris" by Jean-Luc Einaudi (Le Seuil, 1991) and the extensive research conducted by historians on the actual events of the massacre on October 17, 1961, following a deadly repression by the French police during a demonstration organized by the French Federation of the FLN in Paris.

## Cast

* Clotilde Courau ... Sabine
* Florence Thomassin ... Nathalie
* Vahina Giocante ... Marie-Hélène
* Atmen Kelif ... Tarek
* Jalil Naciri ... Maurice
* Thierry Fortineau ... Papon
* Aurélien Recoing ... Somveille
* Serge Riaboukine ... Brigadeiro Tiercé
* Jean-Michel Portal ... Martin
* Jean-Michel Fête ... Bertaut
* Philippe Bas ... Delmas

## Awards

| Year | Award | Category | Nominated | Result |
| 2006 | 34th International Emmy Awards | Best TV Movies/Miniseries | Nuit noire 17 octobre 1961 | Won |
# Corruption in Belgium

Political corruption :
Forms and concepts :
Bribery
Cronyism
Economics of corruption
Electoral fraud
Elite capture
Influence peddling
Kleptocracy
Mafia state
Nepotism
Pyrrhic defeat theory
Slush fund
Simony
State capture
State-corporate crime
Throffer :
Anti-corruption :
International Anti-Corruption Court
Group of States Against Corruption
International Anti-Corruption Academy
International Anti-Corruption Day
United Nations Convention against Corruption :
Corruption by country :
vte :
In general, Belgium has a well-developed legal and institutional framework for fighting against corruption.

## Extent

On Transparency International's 2023 Corruption Perceptions Index, Belgium scored 73 on a scale from 0 ("highly corrupt") to 100 ("very clean"). When ranked by score, Belgium ranked 16th among the 180 countries in the Index, where the country ranked first is perceived to have the most honest public sector. For comparison with worldwide scores, the best score was 90 (ranked 1), the average score was 43, and the worst score was 11 (ranked 180). For comparison with regional scores, the highest score among Western European and European Union countries was 90, the average score was 65 and the lowest score was 42.
Despite Belgium's respectable performance on the Corruption Perceptions Index, public trust in the civil service and judiciary is low, and the perception of corruption is extremely high in Belgium. Over 65% of people in Belgium think corruption is a problem. Over 70% think the government is at least to a large extent, or even entirely, run by a few big entities acting in their own best interests. There are areas that could be improved. For instance, whistleblower protection needs further improvement. It has been recommended that the process of anti-corruption policy implementation should also actively engage private sectors.

### Dictator sanctuary accusations

Belgium offered a post-presidency retirement sanctuary for Rafael Correa, former president of Ecuador, who was investigated for massive corruption as soon as he left office. In January 2019, Ecuadorean president Lenin Moreno said that nearly half of $4.9 billion in oil infrastructure investment made during the administration of previous president Correa was stolen via corruption. Over 317 officials who served in Correa's administration were suspected of corruption. Correa was president of Ecuador between 2007 and 2017. He immediately moved to Belgium when his term was over.
# Corruption in North Macedonia

Political corruption :
Forms and concepts :
Bribery
Cronyism
Economics of corruption
Electoral fraud
Elite capture
Influence peddling
Kleptocracy
Mafia state
Nepotism
Pyrrhic defeat theory
Slush fund
Simony
State capture
State-corporate crime
Throffer :
Anti-corruption :
International Anti-Corruption Court
Group of States Against Corruption
International Anti-Corruption Academy
International Anti-Corruption Day
United Nations Convention against Corruption :
Corruption by country :
vte :
According to Transparency International's Global Corruption Barometer 2013, corruption is a large concern in the public sector as more than half of the surveyed households consider Parliament, police, public officials, and particularly the judiciary and political parties very corrupt.
On Transparency International's 2023 Corruption Perceptions Index, which scored 180 countries on a scale from 0 ("highly corrupt") to 100 ("very clean"), North Macedonia scored 42. When ranked by score, North Macedonia ranked 76th among the 180 countries in the Index, where the country ranked first is perceived to have the most honest public sector. For comparison with worldwide scores, the average score was 43, the best score was 90 (ranked 1), and the worst score was 11 (ranked 180). For comparison with regional scores, the highest score among Eastern European and Central Asian countries was 53, the average score was 35 and the lowest score was 18.
The business environment in North Macedonia is negatively affected by corruption. Several sources indicate that corruption is considered an obstacle for doing business, and businessmen have reported that bribery is demanded sometimes during public procurement and contracting.

## Anti-corruption efforts

The European Commission Progress Report 2013 indicates some positive developments regarding North Macedonia's law enforcement and corruption prevention activities.
# Bifora (plant)

Bifora is a cosmopolitan genus of flowering plant in the family Apiaceae, of disjunct distribution, with 3 species, two Eurasian and one American.
* Bifora radians has a range extending from Spain eastward through south central and Southern Europe to Iran.
* Bifora testiculata has a wider and more southerly distribution, extending west–east from Spain to Uzbekistan and taking in, to the south, North Africa, the Levant and Saudi Arabia.
* Bifora americana (Common name: prairie bishop's weed) has a southerly distribution within the United States, being confined to Texas and Arkansas, although it has also been introduced into Alabama.

## Description

Annual herbs. Leaves doubly pinnatisect. Inflorescence bearing usually both bracts and bracteoles. Sepals absent. Petals white, slightly emarginate, tips inflexed. Fruits schizocarp, the mericarps subglobose with rugose (warty) exteriors and short stylopodium and united by a narrow zone of commissure; ribs insignificant when seen in transverse section; vittae not apparent. Endosperm of seed concave.

## Taxonomy

The genus was described by Georg Franz Hoffmann and published in Genera Plantarum Umbelliferarum xxxiv, 191 in Moscow in the year 1816. The type species is Bifora dicocca Hoffm., the plant so described being now known correctly as Bifora testiculata.
It is also in Tribe Coriandreae.

## Medicinal Use of B. testiculata in Jordan

In Jordan, the Mediterranean / South West Asian species B. testiculata is known by the Jordanian Arabic common name كزبرة (kazbira) which is also sometimes applied to the closely related Apiaceous herb coriander (cilantro). A tisane prepared from the seed-like mericarp fruits is used as a sedative and to treat stomach pains.

## B. testiculata former grain alien in U.K.

A few specimens of Bifora testiculata were found growing in the north of the British county of Yorkshire in the years 1893 and 1895, this introduced plant species having been introduced inadvertently in imported grain. The plant had not (as of the year 2000), however, been recorded in the area since.
# 1899 College of Emporia Fighting Presbies football team

The 1899 College of Emporia Fighting Presbies football team represented College of Emporia as an independent during the 1899 college football season. Led by A. P. Chapman in his first and only season as head coach, the team compiled a record of 1–1–1.

## Schedule

| Date | Time | Opponent | Site | Result |
| October 14 | | Tarkio | Emporia, KS | Canceled |
| October 21 | 3:30 p.m. | vs. Kansas State Normal | Mit-Way ParkEmporia, KS | W 5–0 |
| October 30 | 3:50 p.m. | Washburn | Mit-Way ParkEmporia, KS | T 0–0 |
| November 11 | | at Kansas State | Athletic ParkManhattan, KS | L 0–6 |
# John Kinder

John Kinder may refer to:
* John Kinder (racing driver)
* John Kinder (priest)
# Aimpoint CompM4

The Aimpoint CompM4 is a non-magnified red dot style gun sight adopted by the U.S. Armed Forces, designated the M68 CCO (Close Combat Optic). It is produced by the Swedish company Aimpoint and is the successor to the earlier M68CCO, the Aimpoint CompM2.

## Overview

The Aimpoint CompM4 is a "tubed" style reflector (reflex) sight that uses a red light-emitting diode (LED) at the focus of a mirror type optical collimator to produce an aligned red aiming spot (what is commonly called a red dot sight). There are a total of 16 brightness settings for the LED, the lower 7 intended for use with night vision devices and the upper 9 for daylight. The CompM4 is powered by a standard AA battery, and the manufacturer claims that the sight will run continuously for 8 years on a single battery, in its 10th brightness setting.
Reflector sights have unlimited eye relief, meaning that the user may place his eye at any distance from the sight and the reticle will remain visible. This allows flexibility in mounting and shooting position. The CompM4 uses Aimpoint's "parallax-free" optical correction system, meaning there is minimal induced optical error that would shift the point of aim relative to the sight's optical axis as the user's eye moves off-center in relation to the sight. The sight itself is parallax-free at around 50 yards, meaning that the red dot will not change position relative to the target based on eye position at that range. As in other reflex sights, the point of aim will change position based on eye position at other ranges with the maximum error being equal to the diameter of the sight's optical window at short range. There are currently two variants available; the standard CompM4 and the CompM4S, the latter being the same in terms of features and functionality, but having the battery compartment & power control knob mounted near the bottom of the sight instead of near the top.
In 2009, the US Army selected the CompM4s to fulfill the M68 CCO program requirements and ordered 565,783 of the sights. This was followed by another order in 2017 for an additional 30,000 sights.

### Dimensions

* Length: 120 mm (4.7 in)
* Width (sight only): 53 mm (2.1 in)
* Height (sight only): 60 mm (2.4 in)
* Width (including mount): 72 mm (2.8 in)
* Height (including mount): 72 mm (2.8 in)
* Mounting ring width: none (does not require mounting ring)
* Weight (sight only): 265 g (9.3 oz)
* Weight (including mount): 335 g (11.8 oz)

## Users

* Afghanistan: Used by Afghan Commandos on M4 carbine
* Armenia: Used by Armenian Special Units.
* Belgium : Used by most Belgian Defence soldiers equipped with FN SCAR.
* Chile
* Czechia : Used by Army of the Czech Republic soldiers equipped with CZ 805 BREN.
* Greece: Used by Hellenic Army SF.
* Netherlands: Used by the Armed forces of the Netherlands on the C7NLD, C8NLD, LOAWNLD, FN Minimi and the HK416.
* Lebanon
* Norway
* Portugal: Used by Portuguese Army, Portuguese Marine Corps and Guarda Nacional Republicana.
* United States
* Turkey: Used by Gendarmerie Special Operations
# Shadows in the Sun (2005 film)

Shadows in the Sun is a television movie starring Harvey Keitel and Joshua Jackson. It premiered on ABC Family in 2005. It was written and directed by Brad Mirman, and was filmed under the title The Shadow Dancer.

## Background

The film, set in Tuscany, has been compared to Under the Tuscan Sun. It was largely shot in the Val d'Orcia.

## Synopsis

Jeremy (Joshua Jackson), an American-British book editor living in London, is an aspiring writer seeking a new lease on life. He is sent by his employer to Tuscany, Italy to elicit a new book from American-Italian author Weldon Parish (Harvey Keitel). Parish, whose wife died 20 years ago, has been stricken with writer's block ever since, and for years he resisted the prospect of writers or editors soliciting more work from him.
Despite some initial hostility between Jeremy and Weldon, the two gradually become closer. Weldon is impressed by Jeremy's sharp dismissal of an arrogant author named Ian, and soon he becomes Jeremy's mentor. The two men spend time walking around the countryside while exchanging life experiences and thoughts. Together they socialize with local residents, and Jeremy befriends a few of them. Jeremy is totally captivated by Weldon's daughter Isabella (Claire Forlani), and one festive night, he shares an intimate moment with Isabella.
At the end, Weldon finds an inspiration and once again is able to write. Jeremy decides not to return home, but to choose Isabella instead, and resolves to finish his long-dormant novel.

## Cast

* Harvey Keitel as Weldon Parish
* Joshua Jackson as Jeremy Taylor
* Claire Forlani as Isabella Parish
* Giancarlo Giannini as Father Moretti
* Armando Pucci as Gustavo
* Valeria Cavalli as Amalia
* Bianca Guaccero as Maura Parish
* Silvia De Santis as Dinnie Parish
* John Rhys-Davies as Mr. Benton

## Critical reception

Variety wrote that the film was predictable with a "hackneyed script," though praising Keitel and Giannini's performances: "It's as if these two pros know they're gliding through mediocrity and have decided to just enjoy each other's company." PopMatters also panned the film as "generating cringing laughter."
# Pigge

Pigge or Lapigge is a village in the Italian province of Perugia in east central Umbria, stretching from the plain of the Clitunno river up the lower SW flank of Mt. Serano, at 297 m above sea-level. It is a frazione of the comune of Trevi, which is 3 km NNW. Its population was 463 in 2003.

## History and main sights

Until at least the middle of the 20th century, the town's name was regularly Lapigge, still the technically correct form but rapidly falling out by apocope of a perceived article la ("the"). The origin of the toponym is in fact *Lapidie, from a stone bridge (Latin: pons lapideus) which in Roman times carried the Via Flaminia over the Clitumnus river.
Lapigge's oldest church is that of the former convent of S. Arcangelo, already mentioned in 1177 as a dependency of San Pietro in Bovara, but suspected by scholars to be considerably older, probably of the Lombard period. It has been much reworked over the centuries; over the main altar a fresco of the Umbrian school can be seen, depicting the Madonna and Child, attributed to Bartolomeo da Miranda. In 1646, an apparition of the Virgin Mary launched the church as a Marian sanctuary; the elegant Baroque belfry and the adjacent cloister date from the 17th century.
The church of S. Bernardino is a small single-apsed building in the Romanesque style, much reworked in the 17th and 18th centuries, with remains of a fresco of the Adoration of the Magi dated 1575.
The single-room hexagonal church of S. Maria del Ponte in the lower part of town, though in its present form dating to the 16th century and reworked in the 18th, replaces a medieval church; a medieval church of S. Bartolomeo has also disappeared.

## Transportation

The main highway bypasses the village.
The nearest train station is at Trevi, Umbria.
# Verdugo

Verdugo may refer to:
* Verdugo (river), a river in Pontevedra, Galicia, Spain
* Verdugo (surname)
* Verdugo Mountains, a mountain range in California, United States
* Verdugo Park, a park in California, United States
* Verdugo Wash, a river in California, United States
# Guima (footballer, born 1986)

Bruno Guimarães Pinho de Azevedo (born 11 March 1986), known as Guima, is a Portuguese former professional footballer who played as a striker.

## Club career
### Portugal

Guima was born in Santa Maria da Feira, Aveiro District. After finishing his development at C.D. Feirense he started his senior career in amateur football with Associação Desportiva Valecambrense, then returned to his previous team to play one and a half seasons in the Segunda Liga. He finished the 2007–08 campaign on loan to F.C. Pampilhosa in the third division.
Guima then spent two years in the lower leagues, returning to division two in summer 2010 after signing for U.D. Oliveirense. He scored nine goals in his second year, helping the side to the sixth position.

### Žilina

On 7 July 2012, Guima signed a two-year deal with MŠK Žilina in Slovakia. He was released by the club on 4 January of the following year, returning to Oliveirense shortly after.

### Later years

After two full seasons in the Romanian Liga I with CFR Cluj, free agent Guima joined Primeira Liga club Feirense in September 2016. He made his debut in the competition on 4 December, coming on as a second-half substitute in a 0–2 home loss against F.C. Arouca.
Guima left the Estádio Marcolino de Castro in January 2017 by mutual consent, after only three competitive appearances to his credit.
# Henrique Dinis

Henrique Dinis Oliveira Dias (born 21 January 1990), known as Dinis, is a Portuguese former professional footballer who played as a defensive midfielder.

## Club career

Born in Monção, Viana do Castelo District, Dinis joined Vitória SC's youth system at the age of 14. His Primeira Liga input with the first team consisted of 13 minutes in a 3–2 home win against Académica de Coimbra, on 23 May 2009; previously, in September 2007, the 17-year-old had signed his first professional contract.
In the following four years, whilst serving as many loans, Dinis could only total 41 games for Gondomar SC, A.D. Lousada (both in the third division), Deportivo de La Coruña B (Spanish Segunda División B) and C.D. Trofense (Segunda Liga). Additionally, in both his country's second and third tiers, he played just four matches for Guimarães' reserves over the course of two seasons.
In August 2014, Dinis signed with Delhi Dynamos FC from the Indian Super League. His maiden appearance in the competition took place on 1 November, as he played the second half of the 2–1 away loss to FC Goa.
Dinis started the 2014–15 campaign with Croatian club NK Istra 1961. He made his competitive debut on 20 February 2015 in a 2–1 defeat at NK Slaven Belupo where came on as a second-half substitute for Neven Vukman, being released in mid-October by mutual consent after appearing in nine matches in all competitions.

## International career

Dinis earned 28 caps for Portugal at youth level. His only match with the under-21s occurred on 9 February 2011, when he featured 45 minutes in a 3–1 friendly win over Sweden.

## Personal life

On 26 June 2014, Dinis earned praise in Portugal from both the media and non-governmental organizations after saving the lives of two Spanish fishermen who were drowning in the Minho river.

## Career statistics

    As of 5 October 2015
Appearances and goals by club, season and competition :
| Club | Season | League | League | League | Cup | Cup | Continental | Continental | Total | Total |
| Club | Season | Division | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals |
| Vitória Guimarães | 2008–09 | Primeira Liga | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | — | — | 1 | 0 |
| Vitória Guimarães | 2009–10 | Primeira Liga | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | — | — | 0 | 0 |
| Vitória Guimarães | 2011–12 | Primeira Liga | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Vitória Guimarães | 2012–13 | Primeira Liga | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | — | — | 0 | 0 |
| Vitória Guimarães | 2013–14 | Primeira Liga | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | — | — | 0 | 0 |
| Vitória Guimarães | Total | Total | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
| Gondomar (loan) | 2009–10 | Segunda Divisão | 9 | 0 | 0 | 0 | — | — | 9 | 0 |
| Lousada (loan) | 2010–11 | Segunda Divisão | 8 | 0 | 0 | 0 | — | — | 8 | 0 |
| Deportivo B (loan) | 2010–11 | Segunda División B | 11 | 0 | — | — | — | — | 11 | 0 |
| Trofense (loan) | 2011–12 | Segunda Liga | 13 | 0 | 1 | 0 | — | — | 14 | 0 |
| Delhi Dynamos | 2014 | Indian Super League | 6 | 0 | — | — | — | — | 6 | 0 |
| Istra 1961 | 2014–15 | Croatian Football League | 8 | 0 | 1 | 0 | — | — | 9 | 0 |
| Career total | Career total | Career total | 56 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 58 | 0 |
# Hugo Marques

Hugo Miguel Barreto Henriques Marques (born 15 January 1986) is an Angolan professional footballer who plays as a goalkeeper for Girabola club Atlético Petróleos de Luanda and the Angola national team.

## Club career

Born in Fão, Esposende, Portugal to an Angolan mother and a Mozambican father, Marques played mainly lower league football in the country, joining FC Porto's youth system at the age of 16 and representing its reserves as a senior for three years. He appeared in six Segunda Liga matches for Gil Vicente F.C. in the 2007–08 season, conceding 12 goals.
In 2011, Marques moved to Angola where he appeared for Kabuscorp S.C.P. and C.D. Primeiro de Agosto. He was awarded Angolan nationality shortly after.
Marques returned to Portugal on 25 July 2016, signing a two-year contract with second-division club S.C. Covilhã following a period of trial. He left after only one year, however, joining S.C. Farense of the third tier.
Marques played all 24 games in the 2019–20 campaign (cut short due to the COVID-19 pandemic), as the side from Algarve returned to the Primeira Liga after a 18-year absence. He made his debut in the competition on 20 September 2020 when he came on as a second-half substitute for Rafael Defendi who had been sent off, in an eventual 2–0 away loss against Moreirense FC.

## International career

Marques was selected to the Angola squad that was due to appear in the 2012 Africa Cup of Nations. He made no appearances in the tournament, in a group-stage elimination.