OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Vitaly Pashin

Vitaly Lvovich Pashin (Russian: Виталий Львович Пашин; born 30 August 1981) is a Russian politician. He was a deputy of the 7th State Duma of the Russian Federation between 2016 and 2021.

## Biography
### Education

Pashin was born in Sosnovka [ru], Chelyabinsk Oblast. He studied physical education at Chelyabinsk Pedagogical University, graduating in 2006. He advanced to a degree in public administration from the Moscow Academy of Law and Management in 2011, and in 2014 received an MBA from the Russian University of Economics.

### State Duma of the Russian Federation

In 2016, Pashin was elected as a deputy in the State Duma, the lower house of the Federal Assembly of Russia. He was a representative for the Chelyabinsk region. His first day in office was 18 September 2016. He was also a member of the State Duma Committee for Security and Anti-Corruption.
Pashin and fellow LDPR deputy Daniel Shilkov presented a bill in support of animal rights to the State Duma on 1 December 2016. If passed into law, the bill would create a national animal ombudsman to protect the interests of both domestic and wild animals in Russia.
# Alozai railway station

Alozai Railway Station (Urdu: آلو زئی ریلوے اسٹیشن) is located in Alozai village, Balochistan, Pakistan.
# Wantulignathus

Wantulignathus is genus of biarmosuchian therapsid from the Madumabisa Mudstone Formation, Zambia. It is known from fragmentary lower jaws and ribs.
# Grundy's Wonders

Grundy's Wonders is a Tyne Tees Television architecture programme presented by John Grundy, which began in 2000.
On the programme, Grundy explores buildings in north-east England, as well as Cumbria and Yorkshire. Each programme has a particular theme or type of building, and Grundy names his favourite piece of architecture (on the week's theme) his "Grundy's Wonder", and gives a "Big Boot" to things he dislikes.
Grundy presents the programme in an enthusiastic way, while covering many aspects of the northern English region's history; this is also one of few architecture series on television.

## Episodes and places visited
### Series 5

* Episode 1: "Rock" (26 October 2004) Featured the North Bar gateway, Beverley; Burton Agnes Hall; River Glen bridge at Ewart (near Wooler), Northumberland; Swarland Brickworks library (betw. Rothbury and Alnwick), Beamish tram shelter. "Great Boot of History": BHS store, Northumberland Street, Newcastle. "Grundy's Wonder": Houses near Crossgate Peth, Durham, with view to Durham Cathedral.
* Episode 3: "Graffiti" (9 November 2004) Featured St Paul's Church, Jarrow; Falstow (near Kielder), Northumberland; Hexham Abbey; Berwick Town Hall prison. "Great Boot of History": Jesmond Metro station. "Grundy's Wonder": Prison cells, Carlisle Castle; Carlisle Cathedral.

### Series 6

* Programme 1: "Rock" (15 September 2005) Featured Bamburgh Castle; Bamburgh House; Steel Rigg (Hadrian's Wall); Beverley Minster. "Big Boot": Rock cut architecture.
* Programme 2: "Weather" (6 October 2005) Featured Swaledale, North Yorkshire; Ryedale Folk Museum, Hutton-le-Hole; Nunnykirk Hall, Muker; Joicey Road Open-Air School; Cassop, Co. Durham. "Big Boot": Badly-designed classrooms. "Wonder": Devonshire Building, Newcastle University.
* Programme 3: "Lead" (13 October 2005) Featured Killhope (former Park Level Mine), Co. Durham; Holmes Linn, Sinderhope, Northumberland; Stublick Chimney, Langley, Northumberland; Allenheads (former colliery); Ireshopeburn (Weardale Museum). "Big Boot": Slag heaps. "Wonder": Spar boxes , Weardale.
* Programme 4: "Listed" (20 October 2005) About listed buildings. Featured Ripon Cathedral, Ripon, North Yorks.; Surviving Medieval buildings, Quayside, Newcastle; Newcastle Castle Keep; St Bartholomew's Church, Whittingham, Northumberland. "Big Boot": Trinity Centre Multi-Storey Car Park, Gateshead.
* Programme 5: "Iron Town" (27 October 2005) Grundy pointed out reminders of the rural past in the industrialised Teesside. Marton, Ormesby Hall, Kirkleatham, Acklam Hall, Eston. "Big Boot": A66 road. "Wonder": Middlesbrough.
* Programme 6: "Monuments" (8 November 2005) Jesmond Old Cemetery; St Mary's Church, South Dalton, East Riding of Yorkshire; Sykes Sledmere Monument, Garton on the Wolds (near Sledmere), East Riding; Sledmere Eleanor Cross and Waggoner's Memorial, Sledmere; Grey's Monument, Newcastle; Angel of the North, Gateshead; The Spirit of South Tyneside, South Shields. "Wonder": Conversation Piece by Juan Muñoz, South Tyneside.
# Dhimitër Beratti

Dhimitër Beratti or Berati (15 October 1886 – 8 September 1970) was an Albanian politician, journalist, one of the signatories of the Albanian Declaration of Independence and the secretary of the Albanian delegation at the Paris Peace Conference, 1919.

## Life

Born in Korçë on 15 October 1888, his parents have their origins from Berat. He studied at the law and political science of the University of Bucharest. In 1905 he returned to his home town where he worked in the first Albanian school established there. In 1908 he was one of the founding members of the Dituria ("Knowledge") association of Korçë. In 1909 participates as a suffler in the Besa theatrical play, one of the first in Albania. The same year he participates in the Congress of Elbasan (related to education in Albanian) and one year later in the Second Congress of Monastir. Participant in the meeting at Hotel Continental in Bucharest, Romania where the Albanian colony for electing the delegation to the Vlora event of 1912. He signed the Albanian Declaration of Independence act on 28 November 1912 as D.Beratti on behalf of the Albanian Colony of Bucharest. Beratti was elected general director of the Perlindja e Shqipëniës newspaper. He participated in the Albanian delegation to London in 1913, following up with the Conference of Ambassadors. Later in 1913 elected general director of the hospitals in Albania. Participated as secretary of the Albanian delegation in the Paris Peace Conference of 1919, staying mainly there until 1921. During this period he published two books Albania and the Albanians (Paris, 1920) and La question Albanaise (Paris, 1920).
In 1923 he was engaged again by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs in Albania, assigned to the International Border Commission. Beratti was elected General Counsel of Albania in Sofia, Kingdom of Bulgaria in 1924, returning to Albania in 1926 where he worked as a secretary in the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. In 1935 he was elected Minister of the National Economy. In 1936 he was sent as an Albanian Minister in Rome, Italy. On 3 December 1941, he was elected as a secretary in the Ministry of Popular Culture in the pro-Italian government of Mustafa Merlika-Kruja. After the fall of Rexhep Mitrovica's government, he left Albania and settled in Rome where he lived for the rest of his life. He died in Rome on 6 September 1970, possibly in a traffic accident.

## Orders and decorations

* Grand Cordon of Order of the Crown of Romania.
* Grand Cross of the Order of the White Lion (1939).
# Boardwalk (nightclub)

The Boardwalk was a bar/nightclub based on the corner of Snig Hill and Bank Street, Sheffield, South Yorkshire, England. The venue played host to many up-and-coming home-grown bands, as well as smaller touring bands and cover acts. In November 2010, the landlord of the venue voluntarily placed the owning company into administration and closed the site indefinitely. Despite an official statement in December of the same year claiming three potential parties to be interested in operating the venue, this did not materialise and the Boardwalk remained closed.
The Boardwalk originally opened as a jazz club in the 1930s. It had held an important place in Sheffield's music scene since the 1960s, when it was known as the Black Swan (and later by its local nickname, the Mucky Duck). It played host to a number of high-profile bands including AC/DC and Genesis, with the Clash playing their first gig at the venue on a bill that also included Sex Pistols and Buzzcocks.
In its later years, the music venue had helped facilitate the rise of local bands such as Arctic Monkeys, Tomato Plant, Bromheads Jacket, Milburn, Bring Me the Horizon, and Little Man Tate, with the former's first demo being dubbed Beneath the Boardwalk by those who shared it online.
After closure in November 2010, the Boardwalk has briefly reopened on several occasions under new ownership. The venue operated as the Fuel gay club, which relocated here from the site now occupied by Code, between 2012 and 2015; and as the Bassbox drum and bass club until July 2019. Part of the former cellar is still in operation as the Meltdown esports bar closed as of 2024.
# Matukutūreia / McLaughlins Mountain

Matukutūreia / McLaughlins Mountain is one of the volcanic cones in the Auckland volcanic field. It has a peak 73 metres above sea level, and was the site of a pā. The scoria cone was originally crescent-shaped and featured Māori terraces and kumara pits, before extensive quarrying reduced it to a pyramid-shaped mound big enough to support the summit water tank for Papatoetoe. A small part of the summit and the eastern side of the cone were left unquarried, plus a large area of lava flows to the south of the cone remains intact. These remaining parts have recently been transferred to Department of Conservation Management, primarily because of the high heritage values of the Matukuturua Stonefields gardens.
Matukutūreia and nearby Wiri Mountain are collectively known as Matukurua (also Ngā Matukurua).
From July to September 2010, the water tank was removed from the top of Matukutūreia / McLaughlins Mountain, as part of an agreement when the land was handed over to the Department of Conservation.

## Geology

Matukutūreia / McLaughlins Mountain is a spatter cone associated with the Matukuturua lava field,$^{:15}$ and has geophysical features that raised the possibility of it being a rootless cone, with no apparent gravitational or magnetic evidence of a residual lava conduit but a uniform best-fit magnetic declination of about 20° west implying a short eruption. Rootless cones can form when a lava flow flows over a localised water accumulation but the surface of the lava flow solidifies allowing continuing explosive tephra eruptions from the interactions of heat, lava and steam to form a cone. Later work by the same group clarified that Matukutūreia / McLaughlins Mountain itself had a 140 nT peak to peak magnetic anomaly, but four eruption craters to its west and south-west towards the Puhinui Reserve are not associated with any magnetic anomaly. One of these the Matukuturua explosion crater is within the Matukuturua lava field and only 500 m (1,600 ft) from Matukutūreia / McLaughlins Mountain was definitely formed by a single steam event.$^{:15}$ This is consistent with the observations elsewhere on the mechanism of rootless cone formation but also in the case of the explosion crater a phreatic eruption scenario where magma never reaches the surface.$^{:15}$ The three Puhinui Craters are maar structures and also could have the same origin but this is not known to be the case. The source of the Matukuturua lava is assigned to the extensively quarried Matukutūreia / McLaughlins Mountain, which therefore has a root, and the Matukuturua crater has been incorporated in the reserve area as a result of these unusual properties for an Auckland volcanic field crater.$^{:22}$
* The water tank partly removed.
* A crane finishing up with the removal.
* Matukutūreia / McLaughlins Mountain in its current state.
# William FitzRalph

William FitzRalph was the High Sheriff of Nottinghamshire, Derbyshire and the Royal Forests from 1169 to 1177. After, he was the seneschal of Normandy for 22 years under two dukes of Normandy, Henry II and Richard I, from 1178 to 1200.

## Life

William FitzRalph owned land in Derbyshire and was the High Sheriff of Nottinghamshire, Derbyshire and the Royal Forests from 1169 until 1177. FitzRalph was appointed the seneschal of Normandy in 1177 and was in office from 1178. He took over the position permanently from Richard of Ilchester, who stepped down acting seneschal to return to the English exchequer.
FitzRalph resided in and owned Caen, where in January 1183 he presided over Henry II of England's court there, Caen also being the home of the Exchequer of Normandy. He held court in Argentan, Bernai, Longueville, Neufchâtel, Saint-Wandrille, and Rouen.
When Richard I of England became duke in 1189, FitzRalph's position was reconfirmed, making him the only seneschal of Richard's French possessions to keep his office; Stephen of Tours was replaced in Anjou by Payn de Rochefort, Peter Bertin was made seneschal of Poitou, and Helie de la Celle was made seneschal of Gascony.
The prestige of the office of seneschal of Normandy increased during FitzRalph's tenure, and began to fulfill the same functions as the Justiciar of England. Charles Haskins believed that the seneschal had enhanced importance partly due to FitzRalph's personality, as he became second only to the sovereign in all administrative matters, however, Jacques Boussard's viewed the power and eminence of the position as resulting from Richard of Ilchester's work in reorganising the exchequer.
FitzRalph continued as seneschal until his death in 1200. William Marshal stated that FitzRalph was "brave and wise but too old to fight" after a French courtier jokingly suggested that he should be one of King Henry's champions.
At an unknown date, William FitzRalph had a son, Robert FitzRalph, who became Archdeacon of Nottingham around 1185 and later became Bishop of Worcester on 1 July 1190. William seems to have a considerable interest in pious works. Through Robert he granted to Darley Abbey st Michael's Church, Derby, and the chapel of Alvaston. However, in the case of Dale (Stanley Park) Abbey in Derbyshire, a Premonstratensian house where he was celebrated as founder, he left a large part of the actual work to his daughter Matilda and her husband, Geoffrey de Salicosa Mara, and also charged them £100 for the "gift" of Stanley, which he had purchased for them and they transferred to the new abbey.
In 1938, the leaden seal-die of William FitzRalph was found at Exton, Rutland.
# John Davis (Medal of Honor, 1881)

John Davis (1854 – August 19, 1903) was a United States Navy sailor and a recipient of the United States military's highest decoration, the Medal of Honor.

## Biography

Born in 1854 in Kingston, Jamaica, Davis immigrated to the United States and by February 1881 was serving as an ordinary seaman on the USS Trenton. Sometime during that month, while Trenton was at Toulon, France, Coxswain Augustus Ohlensen fell overboard and, because he could not swim, began to sink. Davis and another sailor, Seaman Alexander Haure Turvelin, jumped into the water and rescued Ohlensen from drowning. For this action, both he and Turvelin were awarded the Medal of Honor three and a half years later, on October 18, 1884.
Davis' official Medal of Honor citation reads:
   On board the U.S.S. Trenton, Toulon, France, February 1881. Jumping overboard, Davis rescued Augustus Ohlensen, coxswain, from drowning.
Davis left the Navy while still an ordinary seaman. He died at age 48 or 49.
# Wardie Shale

The Wardie Shale is a geologic formation in Scotland. It preserves fossils dating back to the Carboniferous period.
# Basilica di Nostra Signora Assunta, Genoa

Basilica of Our Lady of the Assumption (Italian: Basilica di Nostra Signora Assunta) is a Roman Catholic church in the town of Genoa, in the Province of Genoa and the region of Liguria, Italy. This church was constructed during 1610–1624. The Baroque-style facade was added in 1932, design of the architect Piero de Barbieri; the sculptor Luigi Venzano contributed the facade statues of St. John the Baptist and St. Joseph, while the central relief depicts the Madonna. The interior was decorated across the centuries and includes works by Giulio Benso, Domenico Piola, Nicolò Barabino, and Gian Stefano Rossi.
It should not be confused with the distinct Santa Maria Assunta also called Santa Maria di Carignano.
# Queen Victoria (disambiguation)

Queen Victoria (1819–1901; r. 1837–1901) was Queen of the United Kingdom.
Queen Victoria may also refer to:

## People

* Victoria, Princess Royal (1840–1901), queen consort of Prussia in 1888
* Victoria of Baden (1862–1930), queen consort of Sweden from 1907 to 1930
* Victoria Eugenie of Battenberg (1887–1969), queen consort of Spain from 1906 to 1931

## Other uses

* Queen Victoria, a 1843 painting by Franz Xaver Winterhalter
* Queen Victoria (ship), several ships named after Queen Victoria
* Queen Victoria (grape), another name for the wine grape Chasselas
* Queen Victoria Rock, a pillar in Utah, United States
* The Queen Victoria, a pub in the television show EastEnders
* Trollinger or Queen Victoria, a German/Italian wine grape
# Mark Villiger

Mark E. Villiger (17 May 1950 – 10 December 2023) was a Swiss judge who served as Judge of the European Court of Human Rights in respect of Liechtenstein.

## Biography

Villiger was born in Louis Trichardt, South Africa on 17 May 1950. He grew up in Mozambique and Feldkirch, Austria before he studied law at the University of Zurich. He began his career at the European Court of Human Rights in 1983 as a secretary in the Human Rights Commission and assumed as a judge of the ECHR in 2006. Villiger died on 10 December 2023, at the age of 73.
# Elasterell

Elasterell (officially "elasterell-p") is an alternative to the generic term "polyester" for a specific subgroup of inherently elastic, multicomponent textile fibers.
The Federal Trade Commission (FTC) in November 2002 issued a final rule which establishes the name. Elasterell was originally manufactured by E.I. du Pont de Nemours and Company and previously referred to as "T400". The FTC states that because this material is arguably comparable to other multicomponent polyester fibers, other companies that manufacture fibers satisfying the definition of "elasterell-p" may use that name in making required fiber content disclosures on labels.
The FTC defines "elasterell-p" as fiber formed by the interaction of two or more chemically distinct polymers (of which none exceeds 85% by weight) which contains ester groups as the dominant functional unit (at least 85% by weight of the total polymer content of the fiber) and which, if stretched at least 100%, durably and rapidly reverts substantially to its unstretched length when the tension is removed.
# .223 (disambiguation)

.223 may refer to:
* .223 Remington cartridge
* .223 MINISAS, a cartridge for close-quarter battle use
* .223 Winchester Super Short Magnum, a cartridge based on the Winchester Short Magnum case
* .223 Wylde chamber, a hybrid rifle chamber designed to allow .22 caliber barrels to safely fire either .223 Remington or 5.56×45mm NATO ammunition
# Waterhouses Limestone

The Waterhouses Limestone is a geologic formation in England. It preserves fossils dating back to the Carboniferous period.
# Beethoven–Haydn–Mozart Memorial

The Beethoven–Haydn–Mozart Memorial (German: Komponistendenkmal) is an outdoor memorial of 1904 to the classical composers Ludwig van Beethoven, Joseph Haydn and Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, designed by Rudolf and Wolfgang Siemering and located in Tiergarten, Berlin, Germany. The monument was commissioned by Kaiser Wilhelm II. It suffered considerable damage during World War II and was only fully restored in 2005–2007.
# The Secrets of Quantum Physics

The Secrets of Quantum Physics is a two-part British television series outlining the theories of quantum mechanics and quantum biology, described as "a brilliant guide" to a "jaw-dropping world". It is narrated and presented by Jim Al-Khalili.

## Episodes

| No. | Title | Original air date |
| 1 | "Einstein's Nightmare" | 8 December 2014 (2014-12-08) |
| This episode traces a path from the 1800s through the jazz age to the hippy era, highlighting the insights into light which illuminated the true nature of reality, the conflicts with the ideas of Albert Einstein and recreating the test to resolve this conflict devised by John Bell in the 1960s. The episode is illustrated with vaudevillian analogies, including playing cards with the Devil, demonstrating the thematic relations to Lewis Carroll. |||
| 2 | "Let There Be Life" | 16 December 2014 (2014-12-16) |
| This episode ponders the possibility that quantum physics explains some biological mysteries, including the use of quantum entanglement for navigation by the European robin, the use of quantum vibrations for smell by humans, and the part played by the Uncertainty Principle in evolution. The episode gives a novel spin on the subject, illustrated with floating balls in the style of The Prisoner. |||

## Reception

Julia Raeside, writing in The Guardian, states that while Al-Khalili started gently with innocuous chat he soon led audiences down a rabbit hole of true scientific bewilderment, creating a bona fide head-breaker from start to sensational finish. Gary Rose, writing in the RadioTimes notes that Al-Khalili, who touched on the topic in his earlier series Atom, takes the subject to a deeper level.
Al-Khalili, who is emphatic and engaging, performed low-fi demonstrations with simple props, such as coins, gloves and cocktail paraphernalia, to explain mind-melting concepts clearly.
Andrew Mueller, also writing in The Guardian, concludes that the series does what all good science journalism does, prompt the viewer to look at the world with a different and renewed appreciation.
# Meg Daly

Marymegan Daly is an American evolutionary biologist and academic administrator who is the associate dean of undergraduate education at the Ohio State University College of Arts and Sciences. She is a professor in the department of evolution, ecology, and organismal biology.

## Life

Daly earned a B.S. (1995) and a Ph.D. (2000) from George Washington University.
Daly joined the Ohio State University College of Arts and Sciences in 2004 and is a professor in the department of evolution, ecology, and organismal biology. She specializes in animal systematics and ecology. On December 20, 2018, she became the associate dean of undergraduate education. In 2023, she was elected a fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science.