OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Luca Rovinalti

Luca Rovinalti (born 4 January 1987) is an Italian journalist and filmmaker. He is also a member of the International Academy of Television Arts and Sciences. He was previously the executive director of the International Press Club of Prague from 2013 to 2019.

## Career

Rovinalti started his career as a journalist and filmmaker for several media outlets in Europe, covering topics such as politics, culture, sports, and business. He also worked as the executive director of the International Press Club of Prague from 2013 to 2019. He has been actively involved in the EU-China Economics & Politics, where he organized events and conferences with prominent figures from the media, diplomatic, and academic sectors. He is currently the CEO of Svet Solutions Media.
Rovinalti is also a member of the International Academy of Television Arts and Sciences, which awards the International Emmy Awards. He served as a juror for international business, cinema, and broadcasting awards, such as the IBXA in the EU, the Sports Emmy’s in 2023 and the International Emmy Award’s in 2024.
# Ichhapur railway station

Ichhapur railway station is the railway station in the town of Ichhapur. It serves the local areas of Ichhapur in North 24 Parganas district, West Bengal, India.

## History

The Sealdah–Kusthia line of the Eastern Bengal Railway was opened to railway traffic in the year 1862. Eastern Bengal Railway used to work only on the eastern side of the Hooghly River.

## Electrification

The Sealdah–Ranaghat sector was electrified in 1963–65.
# KRI Imam Bonjol (383)

KRI Imam Bonjol (383) is a Parchim-class corvette currently operated by the Indonesian Navy. Prior to 1994, the Imam Bonjol was part of the East German Volksmarine, as the Teterow (234).

## Specifications

Imam Bonjol, being a Parchim-class corvette, has a displacement of 865 tonnes as standard and up to 935 tonnes when fully loaded. Ships of the class have lengths of 75.2 metres (247 ft) and a beam of 9.78 metres (32.1 ft), with a draft of 2.65 metres (8.7 ft). It has a maximum speed of 24.5 knots (45.4 km/h) and a range of 2,500 nautical miles (4,600 km) at 12 knots (22 km/h). Her propulsion of 3 fixed pitch propellers powered by 3 diesel generators, one 500 kW and two 200 kW.

## Service history

The ship was initially part of the East German Volksmarine, developed as small anti-submarine ships. The Teterow (234) was built by Peene-Werft and was laid on 1 July 1981, launched the following year on 27 March 1982 and commissioned on 27 January 1984.
Following the end of the Cold War and the reunification of Germany, Teterow was formally decommissioned by Volksmarine on 2 October 1990 and integrated with the unified German Navy on 3 October. Teterow was assigned hull number P 6168 during its brief service in the German Navy and later was laid up in 1991. The ship was sold to the Indonesian Navy, alongside 15 other Parchim-class corvettes and 23 other vessels in a US$12.7 million deal. She was renamed Imam Bonjol and was commissioned on 26 April 1994, following modifications.
The Imam Bonjol was assigned to patrol waters around the Strait of Malacca in early 2016. She was part of the Indonesian Navy's Western Fleet (Koarmabar), participating in anti-piracy operations and EEZ patrols.
On 17 June 2016, Imam Bonjol received aerial reconnaissance reports of foreign fishing ships in Indonesian waters around the Natuna Archipelago, and proceeded to pursue the vessels. She fired warning shots, which according to the Chinese Ministry of Foreign Affairs injured a fisherman. One of the vessels, the Han Tan Cou (19038) was captured with her crew of 7 Chinese nationals. Chinese Coast Guard vessels shadowed the Imam Bonjol as she escorted Han Tan Cou to the Indonesian naval base at Ranai, though no fighting occurred.
President of Indonesia Joko Widodo held a limited cabinet meeting on board the Imam Bonjol shortly after the incident.
# Elaine Harger

Elaine Harger is an American librarian. She was the first recipient of the Herb Biblo Outstanding Leadership Award for Social Justice and Equality in 2022.
Harger is the co-founder (with Mark Rosenzweig and Elliot Shore) of the Progressive Librarians Guild organized in 1989, and was on the editorial committee of their publication, Progressive Librarian. She was managing editor for all 47 issues. She wrote many editorial and articles for the journal including "Why PLG? Why paper? Why bridge generations?" and "Conscience v. Political Expediency at ALA."
In the early 1990s she co-wrote a column Talkin' Union with Mark Rosenzweig for Library Journal. She has been a member of the American Library Association and the Social Responsibilities Round Table of ALA for 35 years. She served on ALA Council as an elected at-large member and served as co-chair of the ALA/AFL-CIO Joint Committee on Library Services to Labor Groups. She is the author of the book Which Side Are You On? Seven Social Responsibility Debates in American Librarianship, 1990-2015.
Harger's first professional librarian job was at the Harry Van Arsdale, Jr. School of Labor Studies, a branch of Empire State College in New York City where she was also the union representative to the United University Professions-American Federation of Teachers from 1989 to 1995. While there she co-authored the Bibliography of the Works of Philip Sheldon Foner. She also worked as head librarian at the New Jersey Historical Society and then shifted into public education as a school librarian. She was responsible for the opening of a library at PS/IS 176, the W. Haywood Burns School in New York City. After a move to the West Coast, she became a librarian at Mount Si High School in Snoqualmie, Washington, Meadowdale Elementary in Lynnwood, Washington, and Washington Middle School in Seattle, Washington. She is now retired and living in Spokane, Washington.
Harger was born to Richard Harger and Lois Marie Ensign, one of five children.
# Owk mandal

Owk is a mandal in Nandyal district of Andhra Pradesh, India.

## Geography

Owk is located at 15°13′00″N 78°07′00″E﻿ / ﻿15.2167°N 78.1167°E﻿ / 15.2167; 78.1167. It has an average elevation of 194 meters (639 feet).
Owk is known for the nearby Belum Caves. The temple of Lord Chennakeshava was built during Krishna Deva Raya's reign by Nalla Thimmaraju, founder of Owk. An avatar of Adisakti worshiped as Mulama here. There is a big reservoir which was built by the then kings of Owk, namely "Thimmaraju Cheruvu".

## History

The former zamindars trace their origins back to the 15th century when Bukka obtained the zamindari estate from the Raja of Vijayanagar. Avuku State was founded in 1463 AD the same Thimmaraju who built the Owk tank, the son in law of great emperor Sri Krishna Devaraya, Aliya Rama Rayalu was younger co-brother of Thimmaraju who constructed Owk tank which was known well as Thimmaraju cheruvu at present the same tank was converted as reservoir by raising its bund to 220 feet height the reservoir has internal area of more than 1000 acres and it is main source of irrigation in Ryalasema region and also providing drinking water facility to nearby villages and towns. The descendants of the Thimmaraju by name Nandyala Ramakrishna Raju aged 57, Nandyala Trivikrama Varma aged 55 and he has one son by name Nandyala Avinash Prashanth Varma aged 26 are residing at owk, it has one long street there is a Lord Vishnu Temple constructed by Nandyala Chinna Krishnama Raju in 17th century, There is a Temple by deity name Mullama she is treated as incarnation of Adhiparashakthi and treated as Grama Devatha of Owk Village. There are two water falls namely, Gollaleru and Paleru respectively. Owk princely state was annexed in 1805 to the Hyderabad State.
# Disciplinary repository

A disciplinary repository (or subject repository) is an online archive, often an open-access repository, containing works or data associated with these works of scholars in a particular subject area. Disciplinary repositories can accept work from scholars from any institution. A disciplinary repository shares the roles of collecting, disseminating, and archiving work with other repositories, but is focused on a particular subject area. These collections can include academic and research papers.
Disciplinary repositories can acquire their content in many ways. Many rely on author or organization submissions, such as SSRN. Others such as CiteSeerX crawl the web for scholar and researcher websites and download publicly available academic papers from those sites. AgEcon, established in 1995, grew as a result of active involvement of academia and societies.
A disciplinary repository generally covers one broad based discipline, with contributors from many different institutions supported by a variety of funders; the repositories themselves are likely to be funded from one or more sources within the subject community. Deposit of material in a disciplinary repository is sometimes mandated by research funders.
Disciplinary repositories can also act as stores of data related to a particular subject, allowing documents along with data associated with that work to be stored in the repository.
What was believed to be the first public Workshop on Disciplinary Repositories was held on June 16 and 17, 2011, at the ACM Joint Conference on Digital Libraries in Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.

## Importance

Beyond the core functions of collecting, disseminating, and archiving scholarly works, disciplinary repositories offer significant benefits to the overall academic ecosystem. Here is a closer look at their contributions:
* Increased accessibility: Many research articles are published in pay-walled journals, hindering access for new researchers. Disciplinary repositories make these publications more readily available at no cost, fostering wider dissemination of knowledge.
* Enhanced discoverability: By categorizing scholarly works by subject area, disciplinary repositories enable researchers to locate relevant studies quickly and efficiently. This targeted organization streamlines the research process.
* Improved credibility: Several disciplinary repositories implement a pre-print quality control process. This initial vetting enhances the overall credibility of the hosted research materials.
* Preservation: Disciplinary repositories serve as digital archives, safeguarding valuable research from loss or degradation.
* Scholarly impact measurement: Citation data associated with publications within disciplinary repositories can be used to evaluate research impact and the contribution of individual studies to a particular field.
In conclusion, disciplinary repositories play a vital role in promoting research, scholarship, and knowledge development across academic disciplines.
# Churthara

Churthara is a village in Awagarh tehsil, 23 kilometres (14 mi) from the district of Etah, in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh. It is connected by State Highway 31 to other towns and villages. The nearby cities are Agra (50 kilometres (31 mi) southwest), Aligarh (70 kilometres (43 mi) northwest), and Vrindavan (80 kilometres (50 mi) west-northwest). The nearby railway station is located in Etah while the nearby airport is the Agra airport, 5 kilometers ( 3.1 ) From the sub district of Awagarh.

## Geography and climate

Churthara is located at the coordinates 27°24′54″N 78°26′06″E﻿ / ﻿27.41500°N 78.43500°E﻿ / 27.41500; 78.43500, at an elevation of approximately 170 metres (560 ft). The village is in the middle portion of the doab, the land between the Ganges and the Yamuna rivers.
Churthara features a semi-arid climate that borders on a humid subtropical climate, with mild winters, hot and dry summers and a monsoon season. The monsoons are not quite as heavy as the monsoon in other parts of India.
Churthara has four seasons. The winter season begins in December and ends in February. The month of January is the coldest month of the year. The spring begins in March, when hot and dry weather returns, and the temperatures start to rise until May, which is the hottest month of the year. The summer season begins in May and ends in September with the monsoon season starting in July preceded by the pre-monsoon by the end of June. August is the wettest month of the year, but the intensity of rainstorm decreases in the month of September as monsoon starts to withdraw. The autumn season begins in October, when post-monsoon rains occur. November is the driest month of the year.
# Baldur Þór Ragnarsson

Baldur Þór Ragnarsson (born 23 February 1990) is an Icelandic basketball coach and a former player. He is currently the head coach of Stjarnan of the Icelandic Úrvalsdeild karla.

## Playing career

Baldur spent his entire senior team career with Þór Þorlákshöfn, first appearing with the team during the 2006–2007 season when the club was relegated from the Úrvalsdeild karla on the last day of the regular season. His best season came in 2010–2011 when he led the 1. deild karla in assists, helping Þór to a victory in the league and promotion to back to the Úrvalsdeild.

## Coaching career

In 2015, Baldur was hired as an assistant coach to Einar Árni Jóhannsson with Þór. Prior to the 2018–2019 season, he was promoted to head coach after Einar Árni announced that he would not continue with the team. During the regular season, he led Þór to the 6th seed in the playoffs and was named the best coach of the second half of the season. In the first round, Þór mounted an improbable comeback after losing the first two games in the best-of-three series against Tindastóll, by winning the next three. In the fifth an deciding game, Þór was down by 23 points before rallying back and scoring the game winning basket with 2 seconds to go. In the semi-finals, Þór lost to eventual champions KR.
In May 2019, Baldur was hired as the head coach of Tindastóll, replacing Israel Martín. The hiring did not come without a controversy as Þór claimed that Baldur was still under contract when Tindastóll offered him the job.
In 2022, he led Tindastóll to the Úrvalsdeild finals where the team lost to Valur 3-2.
In July 2022, Baldur was added to the coaching staff of Ratiopharm Ulm.
In April 2024, Baldur was hired as the head coach of Stjarnan.
# Opaline glass

Opaline glass is a style of antique glassware that was produced in Europe, particularly 19th-century France. It was originally made by adding materials such as bone ash to lead-crystal, creating a semi-opaque glass with reddish opalescence.

## Description

Opaline glass gets its distinctive iridescent milkiness from opacifying substances added during the mixing process, including sodium phosphate, sodium chloride, calcium phosphate, calcium chloride, tin oxide and talc. The glass can thus take on different colors and present variable shades, depending on the mixture and quantity of opacifying material substance: from white to gray, to pink, to lavender green, to golden yellow, to light blue, up to blue and black.

## History

The first opaline glass was made in Murano in the sixteenth century, with the addition of calcium phosphate, resulting from the calcination of bones. The technique did not remain secret and was copied in Germany, where this glass was known as bein glass (lit. 'bone glass'). Opaline glass was produced in large quantities in France in the nineteenth century and reached the apex of diffusion and popularity during the empire of Napoleon III; but the pieces made in the period of Napoleon I, which are translucent, are the most sought after by the antiques market.
The production centers were in Le Creusot, in Baccarat, in Saint-Louis-lès-Bitche. In England it was produced in the eighteenth century, in Bristol. From the mid-nineteenth century opaque opal glass objects came into fashion. At the Sèvres Porcelain Manufactory, a production line in white milk glass, decorated by hand, was experimented with, which attempted to imitate the transparency of Chinese porcelain.
With this particular glass objects of common use were handcrafted: vases, bowls, cups, goblets, carafes, perfume bottles, boxes, lamps. Some objects were also decorated in cold enamel, with flowers, with landscapes, with birds. Sometimes a bronze or silver support was added to the opal vase.
Most green or yellow opaline glass is uranium glass.

## 19th century opaline glass

Many different pieces were produced in opaline glass, including vases, bowls, cups, coupes, decanters, perfume bottles, boxes, clocks and other implements.
All opaline glass is hand-blown and has a rough or polished pontil on the bottom. There are no seams and no machine engraving, and most opaline glass is not branded or signed. Many pieces of opaline glass are decorated with gilding. Some with handpainted flowers or birds. Several have bronze ormolu mounts, rims, hinges or holders.

## Later opaline glass

The French factory Portieux Vallérysthal in 1930 has put opal glass objects on the market in a particular blue-azure color. Some pieces have decorations in pure gold or polychrome enamels and are sometimes equipped with supports or hinges in gilded bronze (sets of plates, cruets, sets of glasses and cups, boxes, lamps, flacons, chandeliers). The blue-blue color of the glass is inspired by that of the American robin's egg. In the late 20th century the venetian master glassmaker Vincenzo Nason, began producing a similar type of glass, labelled 'Veritable Opaline de Murano'.
# L. Luis Lopez

L. Luis Lopez is an American poet.

## Life

Lopez graduated from Spring Hill College, from St. John's College in Santa Fe, New Mexico with an MA, and from the University of New Mexico with a PhD.
He taught high school in Tampa, Florida, in Albuquerque, New Mexico, and in Grand Junction, Colorado. At the university level, he taught in the Academic Honors Program at the University of New Mexico and at Mesa State College.
lopez lives in Grand Junction, Colorado.

## Awards

* two NEH fellowships, one to study lyric poetry with Dr. Helen Vendler at Harvard, Summer 1983, and a second to study the literature of innocent suffering with Dr. Terrence Tilley (Duke University) at St. Michael's College.
* 2008 American Book Award

## Works

* Musings of a Barrio Sack Boy. Farolito Press. 2000. ISBN 978-0-9679844-0-7.
* A painting of sand: poems from Ghost Ranch. Farolito Press. 2000. ISBN 978-0-9679844-1-4.
* Each Month I Sing. Farolito Press. 2000. ISBN 978-0-9818339-1-0.
Anthologies
* Once Upon a Place (Night Owl Books, 2008)
* Charity (Red Rock Press, 2002)
* The Geography of Hope. Conundrum Press. 2000. ISBN 978-0-9657159-7-3.
* Talking From the Heart (Men's Network Press, 1990)
# Washlet

Washlet (Japanese: ウォシュレット, Hepburn: Woshuretto) is a Japanese line of cleansing toilet seats manufactured and sold by the company Toto. The electronic bidet features a water spray element for genital and anal cleansing. and commonly appears on toilets all over Japan. The device was released in June 1980 and as of January 2022, Toto has sold more than 60 million units.

## History

In the 1960s, Japanese plumbing company Toto's goal was to import American "wash air seats" for domestic sales, mainly for sale to hospitals and nursing homes. Toto began domestic production in 1969, but wash air seats were expensive and sometimes caused scalding injuries due to poor regulation of water temperature.
In 1980, Toto began to sell its improved Washlets in Japan after surveying employees to determine appropriate spray positions, since there were no biometric statistics available.
In the 1980s, the term "Washlet" originated by the company Toto. Recognized for its pioneering role in 2012, the original Washlet G model was certified as item 55 of Mechanical Engineering Heritage.

## Design

In 1996, Toto also released Washlets designed for Japanese-style squat toilets, but they proved difficult to use due to accuracy issues. Japanese-style toilets were replaced with their Western-style counterparts, and the model was discontinued around 2003.
In October 2005, Toto released other improvements, incorporating sleep mode for energy conservation, a remote control, and a Washlet that could play MP3 audio files. Upon her visit to Japan in 2005, pop singer Madonna commented that she had "missed Japan’s warm toilet seats."

## Functions

The cleansing features include buttons labeled Oshiri ("Rear") and Bidet ("Front") with translations in English speaking regions. Most current models have a sensor preventing water from spraying while a person is not sitting on the toilet.
For antibacterial and disinfectant purposes, the nozzle is designed at such an angle that the water does not splash back on the inside of the toilet (43º for anuses, 53º for vulvas), and the nozzle itself is washed with warm water when stowed away and before use. Anal and genital cleansing functions operate on different nozzles. Some models feature deodorizers and dryers for the user's convenience.
The control panels usually features settings to change the intensity of the water spray, as well as warmth.
# Gabriel René Paul

Gabriel René Paul (March 22, 1813 – May 5, 1886) was a career officer in the United States Army most noted for his service during the Seminole Wars and the Mexican–American War and as a Union Army general in the American Civil War.

## Birth and early years

Born in St. Louis, Missouri, Paul was the grandson of René Auguste Chouteau. He graduated in 1834 from the United States Military Academy, 18th of 36 cadets in his class. He served as an officer in the 7th U.S. Infantry during the Seminole Wars and the Mexican–American War. He was wounded at the Battle of Cerro Gordo, but recovered to serve in the campaign to capture Mexico City. He led an assault party that captured a Mexican flag during the storming of Chapultepec.

## Military career

Paul began the Civil War as a Major in the 8th Infantry Regiment, and in December 1861 was appointed Colonel of the 4th New Mexico Volunteers at Fort Union in the New Mexico Territory. He led a brigade as a brigadier general in 1st Division, I Corps during the Battle of Chancellorsville. He was transferred to a brigade in 2nd Division, fighting at the Battle of Gettysburg, where he was seriously wounded in the left eye during the defense of Oak Ridge on the first day of the battle. His injuries left him totally blind and with severely impaired senses of hearing and smell. Unable to perform anything except some administrative duties, he was kept on the Army's roll until February 1865, when he was officially retired from the service.

## Death and burial

Paul died in Washington, D.C., and was buried in Arlington National Cemetery. His grave can be found in Section 1, Lot 16.
# Ezell Park

36°05′16″N 86°40′39″W﻿ / ﻿36.087662°N 86.677414°W﻿ / 36.087662; -86.677414
Ezell Park is an urban park in southeastern Nashville, Tennessee. The park is home to a soccer complex formerly used by the Nashville Metros of the USL PDL, and is run by the Nashville Board of Parks and Recreation. The park is adjacent to a correctional facility which is, as of 2018, being used as the Davidson County Jail.