OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Δ15N

In geochemistry, hydrology, paleoclimatology and paleoceanography, δ$^{15}$N (pronounced "delta fifteen n") or delta-N-15 is a measure of the ratio of the two stable isotopes of nitrogen, $^{15}$N:$^{14}$N.

## Formulas

Two very similar expressions for δ$^{15}$N are in wide use in hydrology. Both have the form $1000\cdot {\frac {s-a}{a}}$ ‰ (‰ = permil or parts per thousand) where s and a are the relative abundances of $^{15}$N in respectively the sample and the atmosphere. The difference is whether the relative abundance is with respect to all the nitrogen, i.e. $^{14}$N plus $^{15}$N, or just to $^{14}$N. Since the atmosphere is 99.6337% $^{14}$N and 0.3663% $^{15}$N, a is 0.003663 in the former case and 0.003663/0.996337 = 0.003676 in the latter. However s varies similarly; for example if in the sample $^{15}$N is 0.385% and $^{14}$N is 99.615%, s is 0.003850 in the former case and 0.00385/0.99615 = 0.003865 in the latter. The value of $1000\cdot {\frac {s-a}{a}}$ is then 51.05‰ in the former case and 51.38‰ in the latter, an insignificant difference in practice given the typical range of −20 to 80 for δ$^{15}$N.

## Applications

The ratio of $^{15}$N to $^{14}$N is of relevance because in most biological contexts, $^{14}$N is preferentially uptaken as the lighter isotope. As a result, samples enriched in $^{15}$N can often be introduced through a non-biological context.
One use of $^{15}$N is as a tracer to determine the path taken by fertilizers applied to anything from pots to landscapes. Fertilizer enriched in $^{15}$N to an extent significantly different from that prevailing in the soil (which may be different from the atmospheric standard a) is applied at a point and other points are then monitored for variations in δ$^{15}$N.
Another application is the assessment of human waste water discharge into bodies of water. The abundance of $^{15}$N is greater in human waste water than in natural water sources. Hence δ$^{15}$N in benthic sediment gives an indication of the contribution of human waste to the total nitrogen in the sediment. Sediment cores analyzed for δ$^{15}$N yield an historical record of such waste, with older samples at greater depths.
δ$^{15}$N is also used to measure food chain length and the trophic level of a given organism; high δ$^{15}$N values are positively correlated with higher trophic levels; likewise, organisms low on the food chain generally exhibit lower δ$^{15}$N values. Higher δ$^{15}$N values in apex predators generally indicate longer food chains.
# Andreas Prommegger

Andreas Prommegger (born 10 November 1980) is a professional snowboarder.
His speciality is the Parallel competitions in Slalom, in which he is the 2017 and 2023 world champion, and Giant Slalom, in which he won the gold medal at the 2017 World Championships. He also won the silver medal in Parallel Slalom at the 2021 World Championships, losing the final to long-time friend and rival Benjamin Karl.
By winning the 2023 Parallel Slalom title in Bakuriani at 42, he became the oldest world champion ever not only in snowboarding but in all FIS sanctioned events, except grass skiing.

## Career highlights
### Olympic Winter Games

    2006 – Torino, 9th at parallel giant slalom

### FIS World Snowboard Championships

    1999 – Seiser Alm, 2nd at parallel giant slalom (juniors)
    1999 – Berchtesgaden, 43rd at snowboardcross
    2000 – Berchtesgaden, 1st at parallel giant slalom (juniors)
    2000 – Berchtesgaden, 1st at parallel slalom (juniors)
    2001 – Madonna di Campiglio, 22nd at snowboardcross
    2001 – Madonna di Campiglio, 10th at parallel giant slalom
    2001 – Madonna di Campiglio, 23rd at parallel slalom
    2005 – Whistler, 5th at parallel giant slalom
    2005 – Whistler, 9th at parallel slalom
    2007 – Arosa, 4th at parallel slalom
    2007 – Arosa, 5th at parallel giant slalom

### World Cup

    2004 – Berchtesgaden, 3rd at parallel giant slalom
    2004 – Winterberg, 3rd at parallel slalom
    2005 – Le Relais, 2nd at parallel giant slalom
    2006 – Lake Placid, 3rd at parallel giant slalom
    2006 – Furano, 2nd at parallel giant slalom
    2007 – Sungwoo, 2nd at parallel giant slalom
    2008 – La Molina, 1st at parallel giant slalom
    2008 – La Molina, 3rd at parallel slalom

### National Championships

    2000 – Innichen, 1st at snowboardcross
    2001 – Sappada, 3rd at parallel giant slalom
    2004 – Bad Gastein, 1st at parallel slalom
    2005 – Kreischberg, 1st at parallel giant slalom
    2007 – Haus im Ennstal, 1st at giant slalom
# 2010 Victory Bowl

The 2010 Victory Bowl was a college football post-season bowl game. The game was played on November 20, 2010, between NCAA Division II North Greenville University and NAIA Campbellsville University at Younts Stadium in Tigerville, South Carolina.
Campbellsville's offense achieved 460 yards in 100 plays compared to North Greenville's 362 yards. Campbellsville dominated the air with 333 passing yards but only reached the end zone twice. The final score was North Greenville 42, Campbellsville 16.

## Scoring Summary

Scoring summary :
| Quarter | Time | Drive | Drive | Drive | Team | Scoring information | Score | Score |
| Quarter | Time | Plays | Yards | TOP | Team | Scoring information | Campbellsville Tigers | North Greenville Crusaders |
| 1 | | 1 | 46 | 0:09 | North Greenville Crusaders | Fred Martino Jr. 46-yard touchdown reception from Isiah Johnson, Stephen Arneson kick Good | 0 | 7 |
| 2 | 7:21 | 12 | 80 | 6:19 | North Greenville Crusaders | Idris Anderson 1-yard touchdown run, Stephen Arneson kick Good | 0 | 14 |
| 3 | 11:50 | 6 | 60 | 4:04 | North Greenville Crusaders | Teryan Rucker 15-yard touchdown run, Stephen Arneson kick Good | 0 | 21 |
| 3 | 9:08 | 11 | 45 | 2:41 | Campbellsville Tigers | 30-yard field goal by David Hon | 3 | 21 |
| 3 | 3:09 | 3 | 69 | 1:39 | North Greenville Crusaders | Willy Korn 12-yard touchdown run, Stephen Arneson kick Good | 3 | 28 |
| 3 | 0:00 | 5 | 73 | 3:01 | North Greenville Crusaders | Idris Anderson 45-yard touchdown run, Stephen Arneson kick Good | 3 | 35 |
| 4 | 7:57 | 7 | 64 | 1:33 | Campbellsville Tigers | Dexter McAfee 7-yard touchdown reception from Robert Hill, 2-point Robert Hill Pass Failed | 9 | 35 |
| 4 | 7:52 | - | - | - | North Greenville Crusaders | Jam Robinson 39 Yard Kickoff Return Touchdown, Trey Walpole Kick Good | 9 | 42 |
| 4 | 1:48 | 4 | 45 | 0:52 | Campbellsville Tigers | Harold Small 23-yard touchdown reception from Will Warf, David Hon kick Good | 16 | 42 |
| "TOP" = time of possession. For other American football terms, see Glossary of American football. | "TOP" = time of possession. For other American football terms, see Glossary of American football. | "TOP" = time of possession. For other American football terms, see Glossary of American football. | "TOP" = time of possession. For other American football terms, see Glossary of American football. | "TOP" = time of possession. For other American football terms, see Glossary of American football. | "TOP" = time of possession. For other American football terms, see Glossary of American football. | "TOP" = time of possession. For other American football terms, see Glossary of American football. | Campbellsville Tigers | North Greenville Crusaders |
# Pavel Traubner

Pavel Traubner (2 May 1941 – 14 November 2024) was a Slovak neurologist.

## Life and career

Traubner was born in Ilava on 2 May 1941, to a Jewish family, which faced persecution by the Hlinka Guard. His father was a dentist. In 1944, a policeman, who was a patient of Traubner's father, warned the family that it is about to be deported to a concentration camp. The family hid in a disused military bunker hidden deep in a forest, leaving all their possessions behind.
Traubner studied medicine at the Comenius University. As a medical student, he moonlighted at a morgue to support himself, as his family fell into poverty after a sudden death of his father due to a stroke.
Traubner graduated with a medical degree in 1964. In 1985, he defended his candidature. In 1991, he became a professor of neurology at the Comenius University, where he taught until his death. Between 1991 and 2008, Traubner was the head doctor at the neurology department of the university hospital. Between 2000 and 2007, he served as the Dean of Faculty of Medicine.
In addition to medical and academic career, Traubner was active as the honorary chairman of the Central Association of Jewish Religious Communities (UZZNO) and of B'nai B'rith.
In 2001, he was awarded the Pribina Cross, 2nd class for his medical and academic achievements by the president Rudolf Schuster.

### Personal life and death

In 1974, Traubner married Katerína, a chemical engineer. They had two daughters; Ronnie, who also became a neurologist, and Wanda, a child psychologist.
Trauber died in Bratislava on 14 November 2024, at the age of 83.
# Pedagogical Institute of Kosovo

The Pedagogical Institute of Kosovo (PIK) is a professional research and educational institution established in 2007, with its headquarters in Pristina. PIK plays a crucial role in the development and improvement of the educational system in Kosovo, focusing on enhancing the quality of education through teacher training, curriculum development, and educational research.

## Overview

The inception of Pedagogical Institute of Kosovo began in March 2003, during a meeting in Milan, Italy, where working groups were formed to draft a project based on a preliminary agreement between the Ministry of Education, Science, and Technology (MASHT) and Centro Europa Scuola Educazione e Società (CESES). The first draft was completed in April 2004 and submitted to decision-making institutions in October 2005, receiving approval from MASHT, the Italian government, and C.E.S.E.S. The Board of Directors and the Scientific Council were appointed in March 2006, and in February 2007, a competition for research personnel was announced. By March 2007, selected researchers underwent intensive training in research methodologies in Milan.
PIK’s mission is to provide professional services to MASHT and educational institutions at all levels in Kosovo through research, training, counseling, monitoring, and evaluation, along with professional publications in various educational fields. A key objective is to research, analyze, and compare educational achievements in Kosovo with those in other countries. PIK also focuses on developing research work according to sector tasks in areas such as curriculum standards, textbooks, evaluation, and training of teachers and educational leaders.
The institute operates through four sectors: the research sector, lifelong learning sector, general education sector, and the evaluation and standards sector. It is also involved in publishing activities, including the journal Kërkime Pedagogjike, and has released several professional-pedagogical works. PIK aims to contribute to the development and modernization of the educational system in Kosovo by engaging in research, training, assessments, experimentation, and educational innovations.
# Absolute Midnight

Absolute Midnight is the third book in the Abarat series by Clive Barker. It is a dystopian fantasy-adventure which follows the story of Candy Quackenbush and her journeys through the world of the Abarat. The book contains more than 125 full color illustrations. The story continues Candy's journey in the extraordinary world of the Abarat with familiar friends and new foes. With war looming on the horizon, Candy is put to the test to save the Abarat from total destruction and rescue the people of Abarat from eternal darkness. Absolute Midnight was released by HarperCollins on September 27, 2011.

## Plot summary

Candy Quackenbush visits the enchantress Laguna Munn to remove Princess Boa's soul from her body; upon which, Boa attempts to kill Candy herself. Later in the novel, Boa searches for Christopher Carrion on Gorgossium and (failing to find him) captures Finnegan Hob, her former fiancé. In a brief visit to the human world, Candy resists her father, Bill Quackenbush, who tries to obtain her memories. After return to the Abarat, Candy re-unites with her now-numerous supporters and befriends Christopher Carrion and later his father, Zephario Carrion. Pursued by Mater Motley's subordinates, Candy falls in love with a boy named Gazza, who immediately requites the affection. Gazza later learns that Malingo the Geshrat is also in love with Candy.
At the climax of this installment, Mater Motley releases the arthropod 'Sacbrood', who in turn cover the sky and give the book its name, and collaborates with the extraterrestrial Nephauree, who seek to dominate the Abarat. A struggle follows in which much of the Abarat is destroyed or damaged, and wherein Mater Motley encounters the submarine 'Requiax'. At the edge of the Abarat, a Nephauree makes an appearance; Candy uses a piece of the Abarataraba (the Abarat's supreme book of magic) to save Mater Motley's prisoners; Christopher Carrion and Malingo prevent Mater Motley from killing Candy; and Christopher Carrion's siblings are released from the dolls on Mater Motley's dress. Having fallen from the Abarat into the 'Void' beyond, Candy, Malingo, and Gazza enter another, unidentified parallel universe, concluding the book.

## Critical reception

Gina Mcintyre of the Los Angeles Times identified protagonist Candy Quackenbush, after reading Absolute Midnight:
   "Like Dorothy or Alice before her, 16-year-old Candy is an innocent plucked from the mundanity of her everyday life and thrust into a mystical place filled with untold wonders and horrors. Barker acknowledges his heroine's literary lineage, but he also crafts a wonderfully contemporary girl who is brave, resourceful, loyal and willing to sacrifice herself for the betterment of the world".
# All the Great Hits (Commodores album)

All the Great Hits is a compilation album by the Commodores, released in 1982 by Motown Records. The album was certified Gold in the US by the RIAA for selling over 500,000 copies.

## Background

All the Great Hits consists of Commodores' hit singles, like "Three Times a Lady" and "Still". Along with two new songs, "Painted Picture" and "Reach High".
"Painted Picture" was released as a single by Motown. The song peaked at No. 19 on the US Billboard Hot R&B Singles chart.

## Critical reception

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Allmusic | |
| Rolling Stone | |
With a 4 out of 5 stars rating, Stephen Thomas Erlewine of Allmusic praised the album saying "While there are many Commodores greatest-hits packages available, All the Great Hits offers most of their biggest hits, making it ideal for the casual fan."
Dave Marsh of Rolling Stone gave the album a 4 out of 5 stars rating. Marsh took note that "the real genius of the group has been in appropriating the stylistic devices of country-pop (as sung by Eddie Rabbitt and Kenny Rogers, for example) into a black band's context."

## Track listing

Side one
* "Painted Picture" – 4:55
* "Lady (You Bring Me Up)" – 4:01
* "Sail On" – 3:58
* "Still" – 3:43
* "Machine Gun" – 2:41
Side two
* "Brick House" – 3:26
* "Easy" – 4:15
* "Oh No" – 3:00
* "Three Times a Lady" – 3:35
* "Reach High" – 3:35

## Production

* Commodores – writing, producer, arrangements
* James Anthony Carmichael – producer, arrangements
* Calvin Harris, Jane Clark – recording/mixing engineer
* Michael Johnson, Phil Brown, Richard Wells – assistant engineer
* John Matousek – mastering engineer
* Paulinho da Costa – percussion on "Painted Picture"
* Johnny Lee – art direction
* Ron Slenzak – photography
* Suzee Wendy Ikeda – project manager
# Elizabeth Douglas-Hamilton, Duchess of Hamilton

Elizabeth Ivy Douglas-Hamilton, Duchess of Hamilton, OBE, DL (25 May 1916 – 16 September 2008), was the daughter of Alan Percy, 8th Duke of Northumberland (1880–1930) and his wife, Helen.
She was born as Lady Elizabeth Ivy Percy at Alnwick Castle in Northumberland and spent her youth between there, Albury House in Surrey and Syon House in Middlesex. She was married in 1937 to Douglas Douglas-Hamilton (the then Marquess of Douglas and Clydesdale), who subsequently became the 14th Duke of Hamilton and 11th Duke of Brandon.
# Love Amplified

The Love Amplified Concert was a concert held in Singapore at Fort Canning Park on 29 November 2008 to commemorate World AIDS Day 2008. It was titled LOVE Amplified (Love Amp in short), and was organised by the Health Promotion Board bringing together Singapore talents including the likes of Stefanie Sun, Hady Mirza, Hossan Leong and Dim Sum Dollies.
# Pharmacists for Future

Pharmacists for Future (Ph4F) is an initiative that unites individuals from the field of pharmacy who are committed to climate protection. They are active throughout Germany and aim to make pharmacy more sustainable. Their activities include public education, professional training for colleagues, and promoting sustainable practices in pharmacy. One of their aims is to educate a wide range of people through the low-threshold opportunities of pharmacies about the health impacts of the climate crisis. At the same time, they emphasize that the environmental impact of and on medications must not be neglected. Educating patients about these connections can help reduce overuse and overconsumption of medications.

## Organization

Pharmacists for Future was founded in February 2021 and is an initiative of the Association of Democratic Pharmacists. The members of Ph4F are volunteers consisting of pharmacists and pharmacy technicians from various fields such as public pharmacies, hospitals, the pharmaceutical industry, pharmaceutical research, or government ministries. They operate as a national association and are divided into three regional groups: North, East, and Southwest, with offices in Berlin, Jena, and Tübingen, respectively. As part of the For-Future alliance, they see themselves as a contribution to the overall climate movement for climate protection and sustainability.

## Objectives

Ph4F advocates for:
* the handling of the climate crisis and its health impacts to become a core task of the healthcare sector,
* adherence to the goals of the Paris Agreement and the 1.5°C target,
* the consideration of the health impacts of climate change in all climate protection measures,
* the mandatory inclusion of climate change and health topics in the curricula of education, training, and further education programs for allied health professions.

## Presence and achievements

Pharmacists for Future actively participate in public protests for environmental protection and the annual climate strikes. In addition, they are present with their own booths at major trade fairs and events such as Expopharm and INTERPHARM.
To promote a planned series of training courses, their efforts were recognized with first place in the jury's award at the Environmental Prize of the Stadtwerke Tübingen in December 2023. This award acknowledges their efforts and commitment to environmental education initiatives.
Due to their expertise and commitment to sustainability in pharmacy, the members of Pharmacists for Future are highly sought-after trainers and speakers for continuing education and seminars, including those organized by the national pharmacists' association and related institutions.
# Pakwash Provincial Park

Pakwash Provincial Park is a park in Northwestern Ontario, on the eastern shore of Pakwash Lake. It is located about 20 kilometres (12 mi) northwest of the town of Ear Falls.
Classified as a natural environment park, it offers camping and day use, including canoeing, fishing and swimming area from mid-May to mid-September. The park is reached by Ontario Highway 105 north from Vermilion Bay, Ontario.
# C19H20N4O2

The molecular formula C$_{19}$H$_{20}$N$_4$O$_2$ may refer to:
* Plinabulin
* Vafidemstat
# Dominique Coene

Dominique Coene (born 23 January 1982) is a Belgian former professional tennis player.
Coene, who comes from Flanders, began competing in tennis at the age of eight and was the boys' doubles champion at the 2000 Wimbledon Championships (with Kristof Vliegen). He won Belgium's national championships in 2001 and 2003. On the professional tour he attained a best singles world ranking of 406, with two ITF Futures titles. After retiring from the tour in 2006 he played provincial league football with his local club FC Kleit Maldegem.

## ITF Futures finals
### Singles: 6 (2–4)

| Result | W–L | Date | Tournament | Surface | Opponent | Score |
| Win | 1–0 | Jan 2002 | France F2, Angers | Clay | Jérôme Hanquez | 6–2, 6–4 |
| Loss | 1–1 | Aug 2003 | Latvia F1, Jūrmala | Clay | Daniel Klemetz | 4–6, 6–7$^{(6)}$ |
| Loss | 1–2 | May 2004 | Bosnia & Herzegovina F2, Brčko District | Clay | Ilija Bozoljac | 3–6, 6–3, 3–6 |
| Loss | 1–3 | Aug 2004 | Italy F22, Rome | Clay | Andy Murray | 0–6, 3–6 |
| Win | 2–3 | Oct 2004 | Belgium F1, Waterloo | Carpet | Simone Bolelli | 6–2, 6–3 |
| Loss | 2–4 | Jun 2006 | Netherlands F2, Alkmaar | Clay | Nick van der Meer | 4–6, 4–6 |

### Doubles: 8 (5–3)

| Result | W–L | Date | Tournament | Surface | Partner | Opponents | Score |
| Loss | 0–1 | Jul 2004 | Romania F9, Balș | Clay | Juan-Martín Aranguren | Gabriel Moraru Horia Tecău | 0–6, 6–4, 2–6 |
| Loss | 0–2 | Nov 2004 | Belgium F2, Sint-Katelijne-Waver | Hard | Djalmar Sistermans | Jeroen Masson Stefan Wauters | 6–3, 1–6, 3–6 |
| Win | 1–2 | Jun 2005 | Netherlands F1, Alkmaar | Clay | Stefan Wauters | Denis Gremelmayr Philipp Marx | 7–5, 6–1 |
| Loss | 1–3 | Jul 2005 | Netherlands F2, Heerhugowaard | Clay | Jasper Smit | Pablo González Nicolás Todero | 6–2, 3–6, 2–6 |
| Win | 2–3 | Jul 2005 | Germany F8, Düsseldorf | Clay | Yevgeniy Korolev | Tobias Clemens Ralph Grambow | 3–6, 6–2, 6–0 |
| Win | 3–3 | Apr 2006 | France F7, Angers | Clay | Yevgeniy Korolev | Rameez Junaid Joseph Sirianni | 6–2, 6–4 |
| Win | 4–3 | Jun 2006 | Netherlands F2, Alkmaar | Clay | Jonathan Dasnières de Veigy | Romano Frantzen Nick van der Meer | 6–1, 2–6, 7–6$^{(5)}$ |
| Win | 5–3 | Jul 2006 | Netherlands F3, Heerhugowaard | Clay | Robin Haase | Martin Emmrich Sven Swinnen | 2–6, 6–3, 6–3 |
# Brynjar Kristinsson

Brynjar Kristinsson (born 21 January 1988) is an Icelandic cross-country skier.
He represented Iceland at the FIS Nordic World Ski Championships 2015 in Falun.
# Afterwars

Afterwars is a 1991 role-playing game published by Stellar Games.

## Gameplay

Afterwars is a role-playing game set after World War III.

## Reception

Christopher Earley reviewed Afterwars Complete Roleplaying Game in White Wolf #33 (Sept./Oct., 1992), rating it a 2 out of 5 and stated that "Despite the mistake of putting combat complications into a system geared toward simple-rule, on-the-fly players, and the generic feel due to a lack of campaign background (an equipment list is not background), I wouldn't write off Afterwars yet."

## Reviews

* Voyages to the Worlds of SF Gaming (Issue 16 - 1991)