OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Afro-Anguillians

Afro-Anguillians or Black Anguillians are Anguillian whose ancestry lies within the continent of Africa, most notably West Africa.
As of 2013, people of solely African descent are the majority ethnic group in Anguilla, accounting for 90.1% of the country's population. An additional 4.6% of the country is mulatto.

## History

Before the arrival of Europeans in the Caribbean, Anguilla was inhabited by Arawakan-speaking Native Americans who called the Island Malliouhana. Anguilla was colonized in 1650 by British settlers from Saint Kitts and thereafter become a British colony. The British did not encounter any Arawaks in Anguilla, but in 1656 a raid by Native Americans from one of the neighbouring islands wiped out their settlement. The early years were difficult for the European colonists. Due to increase demand for sugar in Europe, British colonizers began producing sugarcane using enslaved Africans. Several mixed-race mulatto slaves that were children of their masters were often willed freedom and in some cases willed land. In addition to the mulatto class of manumissions, there are cases of Anguillian slaves being rented for their labour to other islands and using the compensation to purchase their freedom and plots of land for paltry sums, as the land was often seen as fruitless by their previous masters.

## References and footnotes

* 1 2 "CIA - The World Factbook -- Cayman Islands". CIA. Retrieved 2013-06-09.
* ↑ Africana.
* ↑ "Anguilla - History | Britannica".
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# Perron (columnar monument)

A perron (in French; also Dutch: perroen) is kind of stone column, often decorated with a cross-bearing orb (globus cruciger) common to many towns and cities belonging to the erstwhile Prince-Bishopric of Liège (980-1795) in modern-day Belgium. They were primarily built in the so-called Good Cities (Bonnes Villes or Goede Steden) that formed the primary urban settlements in the polity. Many survive, although not in their original form. Perrons were also built in the smaller Principality of Stavelot-Malmedy.
The columns came to symbolise civic freedom and autonomy (initially bishopric autonomy, later urban autonomy). This stemmed from their function as places where laws were proclaimed and justice was administered. However, the actual origin of the symbols of the column is unclear, with analogies made with the ancient pillories. In 1467, after recapturing the rebellious city of Liège, Charles the Bold, Duke of Burgundy had the city's perron dismantled and removed to Bruges, not to be returned until after his death. This was "viewed both as a punishment of the people of Liège and as a clear warning to any Flemish subjects who might be tempted to question the duke's authority".

## Perrons and the Prince-Bishopric of Liege

The former cities of the Prince-Bishrophic where perrons have been built are nowadays located in multiple regions and provinces of Belgium, in addition to one in the Netherlands (that of Maastricht, which was a condominium of the Prince-Bishopric and the Duchy of Brabant during the Middle Ages).

### Limburg Province (Belgium)

* Town
* Limburg Province (Belgium) |
* Bilzen
* Borgloon
* Bree
* Herk-de-Stad
* Maaseik
* Montenaken
* Sint-Truiden
* Stokkem
* Tongeren

### Liège Province (Belgium)

* Town
* Liège Province (Belgium) |
* Herve
* Huy
* Liège
* Sart
* Stavelot
* Theux
* Verviers
* Visé

### Limburg Province (Netherlands)

| Town | Picture |
| The Netherlands ||
| Maastricht | |

## On coats of arms

A perron is featured in the coat of arms of the city of Liège and has become a badge of the city. The design is also featured on the cap badge of Belgium's 12th Regiment of the Line.
* Coat of arms of the Prince-Bishopric of Liège
* Coat of arms of Liège
* Coat of arms de Sint-Truiden
* Coat of arms of Châtelet
# First Cambodia Airlines

First Cambodia Airlines (SC: 柬埔寨第一航空) was a privately owned airline based in Cambodia. Because of financial problems, it ceased operations in 2004.

## Code data

* IATA Code: F6
* ICAO Code: FCC
* Callsign: FIRST CAMBODIA

## History

The airline was established in February 2004, but ceased operations on 2 August 2004 after financial difficulties meant its aircraft had to be returned to the lessor.

## Services

First Cambodia Airlines operated services from Phnom Penh to Singapore, Kuala Lumpur and Guangzhou.

## Fleet

The First Cambodia Airlines fleet consisted of 1 leased Airbus A320-232 aircraft from ILFC.
# Yaw Fosu-Amoah

Yaw Fosu-Amoah (born 8 October 1981 in Ghana) is a retired South African long jumper.
His personal best jump is 7.95 metres, achieved in the qualifying round at the 2006 Commonwealth Games.
Married to Refilwe Fosu-Amoah (African Pageant Queen).

## Competition record

| Year | Competition | Venue | Position | Event | Notes |
| Representing South Africa ||||||
| 2005 | Universiade | İzmir, Turkey | 11th | Long jump | 7.10 m |
| 2005 | Universiade | İzmir, Turkey | 9th (h) | 4 × 100 m relay | 40.42 s |
| 2006 | Commonwealth Games | Melbourne, Australia | 10th | Long jump | 7.71 m |
| 2006 | African Championships | Bambous, Mauritius | 9th | Long jump | 7.53 m |
| 2007 | All-Africa Games | Algiers, Algeria | 13th (q) | Long jump | 7.35 m |
| 2008 | African Championships | Addis Ababa, Ethiopia | 10th | Long jump | 7.63 m |
| 2009 | Universiade | Belgrade, Serbia | 24th (q) | Long jump | 7.17 m |
# Hank Lazer

Hank Lazer (b. San Jose, California) is an American poet and critic who teaches at the University of Alabama.

## Biography

Lazer received an A.B. in English from Stanford University, and M.A. and Ph.D. degrees the University of Virginia. He has been a professor of English at the University of Alabama since 1977. From 1991 to 1997, he was Assistant Dean for Humanities and Fine Arts; from 1997 to 2006 he was Assistant Vice President for Undergraduate Programs and Services; and since 2006 he serves as Associate Provost for Academic Affairs.
He is also the director of Creative Campus, a university-wide program designed to "expand arts experiences for the community." A noted poet in his own right, he is responsible for bringing renowned writers to the Tuscaloosa campus, including Robert Creeley and Neil Gaiman.

## Literary work

Lazer has published fourteen books of poetry since 1992. In addition, he published two volumes of criticism, Opposing Poetries: Volume One—Issues and Institutions and Opposing Poetries: Volume Two—Readings with Northwestern University Press (2006), and edited a collection of essays by various writers and critics (including Helen Vendler), What is a Poet?, for the University of Alabama Press (1987). Religious studies scholar William G. Doty called his "apocalyptic" work "prophetic and creative."
# Speedball

Speedball may refer to:

## Games

* Speedball (paintball), a paintball game variant
* Speedball (video game), a 1988 video game by Bitmap Brothers

## Music

* "Speedball", a song by Black Label Society from 1919 Eternal
* "Speedball", jazz composition by Lee Morgan, originally appearing on The Gigolo and later on Live at the Lighthouse
* "Speedball", a song by John Zorn from Naked City

## Sports

* Speedball (American ball game), a combination of handball and soccer
* Speed-ball, an Egyptian racquet sport
* Speedball (boxing), a small punching bag used by boxers for training

## Other

* Speedball (drug), a mix of heroin and cocaine, or similar drugs
* Speedball (art products), an American art products manufacturer
* Robbie Baldwin, a Marvel Comics superhero known as "Speedball", formerly known as Penance
* "Speedball", a name for the mixed drink Vodka Red Bull
* "Speedball" Mike Bailey, a professional wrestler
# Leandro Estebecorena

Leandro Estebecorena is a Special Effects Technical Director for the company Industrial Light & Magic. Born in Buenos Aires, Argentina, Estebecorena has been working in the film industry of the USA since 1996. He has participated in the special effects of the films Transformers, Pirates of the Caribbean: Dead Man's Chest, Mission: Impossible III and Chicken Little. He is the principal Technical Director for the special effects of the 2008 film The Spiderwick Chronicles.
# Richard Walter (footballer)

Richard Walter (born 8 April 1959) is a former Australian rules footballer who played with Hawthorn in the VFL during the late 1970s.
Walter was recruited by Hawthorn from North Kew and made his VFL debut in 1977. The following season he played as a forward pocket in their premiership team.
# Mykhaylo Renzhyn

Mykhaylo Renzhyn (born October 15, 1978), also known as Mikail Renzhin (Hebrew: מיכאל רנזין), is a Ukrainian-Israeli Alpine skier. Renzhyn competed in the 2006 Winter Olympics and also represented Israel at the 2010 Winter Olympics after having represented Ukraine until 2001.
# Fujifilm X-T5

The Fujifilm X-T5 is a mirrorless interchangeable-lens digital camera announced on November 2, 2022. It is the successor to 2020's X-T4 with improved autofocus, higher resolution and reduced body size. The 40.2 megapixels X-Trans 5 sensor is the highest-resolution APS-C sensor currently on the market.

## Key features

The X-T5 is a mirrorless compact camera made by Fujifilm. It measures 130 mm x 91 mm x 64 mm and weighs 557 g including memory card and battery. Mechanical dials are provided for key operations, including shutter speed, ISO sensitivity, exposure compensation, drive modes and metering modes. It lacks built-in flash, and does not include a flash unit.
* 40.2 megapixels X-Trans CMOS 5 HR sensor.
* 7-Stop 5-axis in-body image stabilization
* Weather resistant structure
* 4K 60p, 6.2K 30p, FHD 240p 10-Bit Video
* 425-Point Intelligent Hybrid AF System
* 3.69m-Dot OLED Electronic Viewfinder
* 3″ 1.84m-Dot Tilting Touchscreen LCD
* 20 fps E. Shutter, 15 fps Mech. Shutter
* 160MP Pixel Shift Multi-Shot
* Bluetooth and Wi-Fi Connectivity
* ProRes & Blackmagic RAW via HDMI
# Anatoli Shelest

Anatoli Borisovich Shelest (Russian: Анатолий Борисович Шелест; born 6 January 1955) is a Ukrainian and Russian professional football coach and a former player.
His son Taras Shelest is a professional footballer.
# Embarcadero Media

Embarcadero Media was a publishing company for four decades whose titles included the Palo Alto Weekly, The Almanac of Menlo Park, the Mountain View Voice, the Pleasanton Weekly, The Six Fifty, and Palo Alto Online.
The company was founded as The Embarcadero Publishing Company in 1979 by William Johnson and was renamed Embarcadero Media in 2009.
Johnson served as president and CEO until 2022, when he announced that he would retire and be succeeded by Adam Dawes, while remaining chairman of the board of directors.
In November 2023, the company announced the establishment of a non-profit entity that would continue publishing the community weeklies.

## Mountain View Voice

The Voice, a monthly independent newspaper in Mountain View, California, was established in the fall of 1992 by Kate Wakerly and Carol Torgrimson. They ran operations for a time from Wakerly's basement.
In 1994, Wakerly and Torgrimson sold the Voice to Embarcadero Publishing Co. (already owner of Palo Alto Weekly and Menlo Park Almanac), which changed its schedule to a weekly paper. Wakerly remained publisher and stayed through 2002 when she stepped down because of a breast cancer diagnosis. Tom Gibboney took over the editorship, and Wakerly died of cancer in 2004.
The Voice won a 2014 state newspaper association award for first place in environmental reporting for Daniel Debolt's reporting on TCE, a toxic solvent that computer chip manufacturers discarded in Mountain View in the mid-20th century. These solvents leaked into an aquifer in the northeast part of the city. Justin Scheck also won earlier awards for his work on TCE plumes, and became managing editor in 2001. Candice Shih was named managing editor in 2003, and was succeeded by Don Frances. Gibboney retired from his position as editor and publisher in 2014, handing the reins to Andrea Gemmet.

## Transition to Non Profit

On November 15, 2023, Embarcadero issued a press release acknowledging that in recent years, Embarcadero Media had faced significant challenges, including declining advertising revenue due to the local business closures from the pandemic and changing shopping patterns away from local retailers, the press release stated. “Across our three newspapers and special publications, we've seen our print ads revenue decline by more than 42% since the end of 2019. Revenue across our entire operation, including print, our seven news websites and three newsletters, has declined by 32%,” Chief Executive Officer Adam Dawes wrote.
“All over the country, news organizations are failing or on the verge of failure, primarily due to the steady decline in advertising revenue that has stemmed from the use of digital media,” Executive Chairman of Embarcadero Media Bill Johnson said.
# Nematalosa

Nematalosa is a genus of gizzard shads in the fish family Dorosomatidae. There are currently 11 recognized species. They are mainly found in Indo-Pacific.

## Species

* Nematalosa arabica Regan, 1917 (Arabian gizzard shad)
* Nematalosa come (J. Richardson, 1846) (Western Pacific gizzard shad)
* Nematalosa erebi (Günther, 1868) (Australian river gizzard shad)
* Nematalosa flyensis Wongratana, 1983 (Fly River gizzard shad)
* Nematalosa galatheae G. J. Nelson & Rothman, 1973 (Galathea gizzard shad)
* Nematalosa japonica Regan, 1917 (Japanese gizzard shad)
* Nematalosa nasus (Bloch, 1795) (Bloch's gizzard shad)
* Nematalosa papuensis (Munro, 1964) (Strickland River gizzard shad)
* Nematalosa persara G. J. Nelson & McCarthy, 1995
* Nematalosa resticularia G. J. Nelson & McCarthy, 1995
* Nematalosa vlaminghi (Munro, 1956) (Western Australian gizzard shad)
# Paranthus rapiformis

Paranthus rapiformis, the onion anemone, is a species of sea anemone in the family Actinostolidae. It was first described by the French naturalist Charles Alexandre Lesueur in 1817 and is native to the northwestern Atlantic Ocean and the Gulf of Mexico.

## Description

P. rapiformis is a small white sea anemone which burrows into the sediment, usually subtidally, but it may be exposed at extreme low water. The base of the column is expanded which anchors it in place, and it is usually attached to a submerged stone or shell. When covered with water, the short tentacles spread out over the surface of the sand. When it is disturbed, the tentacles retract and the column inflates to form a globular shape; this is translucent, with longitudinal white stripes, and resembles a small onion.

## Biology

As a burrowing sea anemone, the pedal disc of P. rapiformis is replaced by a rounded end known as a "physa" which is used for digging. First the physa is pushed into the soft sediment, then the anemone swells its body wall to anchor itself in place while pushing the physa further into the sand. Now it inflates the physa and deflates the body wall, using its strong longitudinal muscles to draw the upper part towards the base, during which process, the physa inverts. These two steps are repeated as it works its way deeper into the sediment.
The burrow is cylindrical and the vertical sides are lined with mucus; it is commonly 8 cm (3 in) long and 2.5 cm (1 in) wide, but can be much larger, however it collapses if the sea anemone is removed. A dislodged anemone may adopt a globular shape and be rolled about on the sand by the sea until it finds a less turbulent place where it can burrow.
# Matthew Meyer

Matthew Mark Meyer (born 4 March 1998) is a South African swimmer. He competed in the men's 1500 metre freestyle event at the 2016 Summer Olympics. He finished 41st in the heats with a time of 15:36.22. He did not qualify for the final. Meyer went to school at Clifton College, Durban.
# Edmund H. Hansen

Edmund H. Hansen (November 13, 1894 – October 10, 1962) was an American sound engineer. He won two Academy Awards; one for Best Sound Recording and the other Best Visual Effects. He was nominated for another 12 films across the two categories.

## Filmography
### Best Sound Recording
#### Won

* Wilson (1944)

#### Nominated

* The White Parade (1934)
* Thanks a Million (1935)
* Banjo on My Knee (1936)
* In Old Chicago (1937)
* Suez (1938)
* The Rains Came (1940)
* The Grapes of Wrath (1940)
* How Green Was My Valley (1941)
* This Above All (1942)
* The Song of Bernadette (1943)

### Best Visual Effects
#### Won

* The Rains Came (1940)

#### Nominated

* The Blue Bird (1940)
* A Yank in the R.A.F. (1941)
# Abcheshmeh

Abcheshmeh (Persian: آب‌چشمه) is a village in, and the capital of, Hendmini Rural District of Hendmini District, Badreh County, Ilam province, Iran. The previous capital of the rural district was the village of Cheshmeh Shirin, now a city.

## Demographics
### Ethnicity

The village is populated by Lurs.

### Population

At the time of the 2006 National Census, the village's population was 891 in 167 households, when it was in the former Badreh District of Darreh Shahr County. The following census in 2011 counted 710 people in 166 households. The 2016 census measured the population of the village as 658 people in 169 households, by which time the district had been separated from the county in the establishment of Badreh County. The rural district was transferred to the new Hendmini District.
# David Clarke Sr.

David E. Clarke (born 31 December 1952) is a former Australian rules footballer with Victorian Football League (VFL) clubs Geelong and Carlton. Better known as a half-forward flanker Clarke also played in the centre and centre half-back.
Clarke won Geelong's Best and Fairest three times and was runner-up four times.
Clarke was a director of the failed Geelong based Pyramid Building Society, which collapsed in 1990 with debts of A$2 billion. He was charged with 13 breaches of the Building Societies Act and was given a two-year suspended jail sentence and fined $47,000 after pleading guilty.
Clarke's sons David and Tim played in the Australian Football League (AFL) and daughter Georgina competed at the 2000 Summer Olympics in Sydney as a 16-year-old, semi-finalist in the Women's 1500m.
# Jamie Taras

Jamie Taras (born January 31, 1966) is a Canadian former professional football player for the BC Lions of the Canadian Football League (CFL). He is currently the director of community relations with the BC Lions. Taras spent his entire 16-year career with the Lions as a fullback and offensive lineman, and played on two Grey Cup championship teams with the club.
Taras played Canadian college football at the University of Western Ontario. In 2003, Taras was voted a member of the B.C. Lions All-Time Dream Team as part of the club's 50th anniversary celebration. Taras' number 60 jersey is one of eleven numbers retired by the B.C. Lions.

## Early life and college

From 1979 to 1983, Taras played high school football at Bishop MacDonell High School in Guelph, Ontario. From 1983 to 1986, he played Canadian college football at the University of Western Ontario. Taras was an offensive guard for the Mustangs.

## Professional career

Following his graduation from the University of Western Ontario, Taras was drafted by the B.C. Lions in the third round of the 1987 CFL Draft as a guard. Taras initially played fullback for the Lions for four years, but achieved the greatest success of his playing career as an offensive guard, and later, center.
In 1994, Taras was a part of the Lions' 11-6-1 season that culminated in a Grey Cup matchup with the Baltimore Stallions. The Lions ultimately prevailed, 26–23. The following season, 1995, Taras, playing guard, was named a CFL All-Star for the first time. Taras would be named a CFL All-Star a second time, in 1999, for his play at center. Taras twice won the DeMarco-Becket Memorial Trophy as the CFL Western Division's Most Outstanding Lineman, in 1995 and 1999. In 1999, Taras was also awarded the Dr. Beattie Martin Trophy as the Most Outstanding Canadian in the CFL Western Division, and the Tom Pate Memorial Award, for his outstanding sportsmanship and service to the community.
In 2000, Taras was a member of the Lion's fourth Grey Cup championship team. The Lions defeated the Montreal Alouettes 28–26, with Taras snapping the ball to then-Lions quarterback, Damon Allen.
Taras retired from the Lions in 2003, and was voted a member of the B.C. Lions All-Time Dream Team, at the guard position, as part of the club's 50 year anniversary celebration. Taras #60 was also retired by the Lions, but curiously, his jersey number was worn during the 2006 CFL season by then Lions tackle, Jason Jimenez.

## Post-football life

Following his retirement in 2003, Taras became the Vice-President of the Canadian Football League Players' Association. Now the Director of Community Relations with the BC Lions.
Taras currently resides in South Surrey, British Columbia with his wife Jennifer and their two children, Sydney and William. Taras is very active in the Greater Vancouver area in community and charitable activities.
# Flow Chart (poem)

Flow Chart is a long poem by the American writer John Ashbery, published in its own volume in 1991.

## Structure

Flow Chart is a work of 4,794 lines, divided into six numbered chapters or parts, each of which is further divided into sections or verse-paragraphs, varying in number from seven to 42. The sections vary in length from one or two lines, to seven pages.

## Reception

Scott Mahler wrote in the Los Angeles Times: "Ashbery's poetry has been called mysterious, original, difficult, dream-like, Romantic, a part of the continuum of American poetry that includes Walt Whitman, Emily Dickinson, Wallace Stevens and Hart Crane. It's also been called elusive, inauthentic, unmusical and overmannered. Flow Chart is easily all of these things... Ashbery has shown us again that he can go more than the distance we expect of great poets, but neither the terrain he covers nor the course he takes is altogether very exciting. Flow Chart is a great accomplishment, but it sometimes reads more like a big effort than a real tour de force."
The book was reviewed in Publishers Weekly: "Ashbery invents and reinvents his self in this book-length stream-of-consciousness poem. In manically articulate free verse of long, supple lines, he conjures a secular landscape dotted with shadows of ancient gods... Ashbery (Some Trees) weaves a haunted, haunting music around ... big questions, squeezing joy, ennui, despair, hope and a thirst for belonging out of ordinary experience.
Writing in Contemporary Literature, critic Nick Lolordo contends that Flow Chart is an "exemplary text" that points to Ashbery's central position in twentieth century poetry as an heir to T. S. Eliot and Wallace Stevens. Lolordo writes that Flow Chart
   is both the most daily, most environmental of Ashbery's works and the most historical: it constantly contextualizes the momentary, by positioning the act of writing within different schemes of time (phenomenological, personal-autobiographical, historical) and space (central, marginal, peripheral).