OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Cy Young (athlete)

Cy C. Young Jr. (July 23, 1928 – December 6, 2017) was an American athlete who competed mainly in the javelin throw. He is the only American male to earn Olympic gold in the event.

## Early life

Young was born and raised in Modesto, California. He suffered from asthma as a boy.

## College and athletics

Young dabbled in the javelin at Modesto Junior College, where he attended for two years. He started throwing seriously after entering UCLA in 1948; in 1950 he placed second behind Bud Held at the NCAA championships. He was a member of the Sigma Nu fraternity.
Young graduated from UCLA in 1951. In 1952 he set a new US record of 256 feet 4 inches (78.13 meters) in the javelin.
Young competed at age 24 in the javelin throw for the US at the 1952 Summer Olympic Games in Helsinki, Finland, where he won the gold medal on his birthday.
Young continued to throw during his mid-20s, and four years later prepared to defend his Olympic title. In April 1956, Young had the best throw of his career with 259 ft 8.5 in (79.159 m). Later in the season, he won his only AAU championship. Because the Olympics were being in held in the Southern hemisphere – where the seasons are "reversed" in comparison to America and Europe – the Summer Games were delayed until late November, which was months after the track & field outdoor season typically ended.
A few months before the Melbourne Games, Poland's Janusz Sidło – the 1954 European Champion – pushed the javelin world record out to 274 ft 5.75 in (83.6613 m). Nonetheless, Young headed to Melbourne, Australia as one of the favorites. Three days before the competition he twisted an ankle which caused him pain as he "planted" his leg to release his throw.
There were 21 throwers from 12 nations entered in the morning qualifying round on Monday November 26. The qualifying distance was set at 66 meters- anyone who threw 66 metres (216 feet 6 inches) or better automatically advanced to the Finals. Young advance to the finals, but was only able to throw 68.64m, well below his normal, good for 11th place.

## Honors and awards

Young was "named Southern California's Athlete of the Year for 1952, a competition that included the region's professional athletes as well, and missed winning the Sullivan Award by a single vote."
Young was inducted into the UCLA Athletics Hall of Fame in 1998. He was also inducted into the Modesto Junior College Hall of Fame.

## Personal life and demise

Young was a fourth generation farmer who grew walnuts and almonds. He and his wife, Elizabeth, resided in Modesto. A daughter, Jenifer, managed his business matters.
Young died on December 6, 2017, at age 89 due to complications from vascular dementia.
# Alexander Rudolf Karl von Uexküll

Alexander Rudolf Karl Freiherr von Uexküll (6 June [O.S. 25 May] 1829 – 9 December [O.S. 28 November] 1891) was a Baltic German politician who was the mayor of Reval (now Tallinn) from April 1878 to June 1883. He was a member of the noble von Uexküll family, which had origins in Bremen. Von Uexküll studied in the University of Dorpat. He owned Heimar manor (now Haimre). His son was biologist and pioneer of biosemiotics Jakob von Uexküll. He was succeeded by Wilhelm Greiffenhagen.
# Frays River

Frays River is a semi-canalised short river in England that branches off the River Colne at Uxbridge Moor and rejoins it at West Drayton. It is believed to be a mainly man-made anabranch north of the confluence with the River Pinn to feed watermills in the Parish of Hillingdon. The river is believed to be named after John Fray who owned Cowley Hall in the fifteenth century. Other names for the river are the Uxbridge and Cowley Mill Stream, the Cowley Stream or the Colham Mill Stream. Two of the three mills in Hillingdon Parish recorded in the Domesday book are believed to have been located on the southern section of the river.

## Course

The Frays River leaves the River Colne east of Denham, Buckinghamshire at Denham Weir. It passes through Frays Farm Meadows, Uxbridge, Cowley, Yiewsley and West Drayton. At Cowley the Grand Union Canal mainline is carried over the river in an aqueduct at Cowley lock. The Frays continues south, flowing past Little Britain Lake on its western side before crossing under the Slough Arm of the Grand Union Canal which is also carried above it in an aqueduct. In Yiewsley it is joined on its east bank by the River Pinn. It then re-joins the River Colne at Drayton Point in West Drayton.

## Ecology

The river flows through two Sites of Special Scientific Interest managed by the London Wildlife Trust: Frays Farm Meadows and Denham Lock Wood. Frays Island between the Frays and the River Colne in West Drayton is a Site of Metropolitan Importance for Nature Conservation and is also managed by the trust.

## Literary connections

George Orwell once taught at Frays College, Uxbridge, which was on the banks of the river.
# Muslim Teli

The Muslim Teli are members of the Teli caste who follow Sunni Islam. They are found in India and Pakistan. Their surname is Malik
Related to the Muslim Teli are the Ghanchi, a community found in Gujarat, who are also involved in the manufacture and trading of cooking oil.
# Ashot Potikyan

Ashot Potikyan (Armenian: Աշոտ Փոթիկյան, Russian: Ашот Потикян; 21 May 1946, Russia – 4 January 2017) was the first Russian professional snooker & russian pyramid player.

## Performance and rankings timeline

| Tournament | 1990/ 91 | 1993/ 94 | 1994/ 95 | 1995/ 96 | 1996/ 97 | 1997/ 98 | 2002/ 03 | 2003/ 04 |
| Ranking | | | | 454 | 401 | | | |
| Ranking tournaments |||||||||
| LG Cup | A | A | LQ | LQ | A | A | A | A |
| UK Championship | A | A | LQ | LQ | A | A | A | A |
| Welsh Open | A | A | LQ | LQ | A | A | A | A |
| Players Championship | NH | A | LQ | LQ | A | A | A | A |
| European Open | A | A | LQ | LQ | A | NH | A | A |
| British Open | A | A | LQ | LQ | A | A | A | A |
| World Championship | A | LQ | LQ | A | A | A | LQ | LQ |
| Non-ranking tournaments |||||||||
| The Masters | A | A | LQ | LQ | LQ | LQ | A | A |
| Former ranking tournaments |||||||||
| Asian Classic | A | A | LQ | LQ | A | Tournament Not Held | Tournament Not Held | Tournament Not Held |
| German Open | Tournament Not Held | Tournament Not Held | Tournament Not Held | LQ | A | A | Not Held | Not Held |
| Thailand Masters | A | A | LQ | LQ | A | A | NR | NH |
| Former non-ranking tournaments |||||||||
| World Masters | LQ | Tournament Not Held | Tournament Not Held | Tournament Not Held | Tournament Not Held | Tournament Not Held | Tournament Not Held | Tournament Not Held |
Performance Table Legend :
| LQ | lost in the qualifying draw | #R | lost in the early rounds of the tournament (WR = Wildcard round, RR = Round robin) | QF | lost in the quarter-finals |
| SF | lost in the semi-finals | F | lost in the final | W | won the tournament |
| DNQ | did not qualify for the tournament | A | did not participate in the tournament | WD | withdrew from the tournament |
| DQ | disqualified from the tournament | | | | |
| NH / Not Held | NH / Not Held | NH / Not Held | NH / Not Held | event was not held. |
| NR / Non-Ranking Event | NR / Non-Ranking Event | NR / Non-Ranking Event | NR / Non-Ranking Event | event is/was no longer a ranking event. |
| R / Ranking Event | R / Ranking Event | R / Ranking Event | R / Ranking Event | event is/was a ranking event. |
| MR / Minor-Ranking Event | MR / Minor-Ranking Event | MR / Minor-Ranking Event | MR / Minor-Ranking Event | event is/was a minor-ranking event. |
* ↑ It shows the ranking at the beginning of the season.
* 1 2 3 4 5 He was an amateur.
* ↑ New players on the Main Tour don't have a ranking.
* ↑ The event was called the Grand Prix (1990/1991 and 1993/1994–1997/1998)
* ↑ The event was called the International Open (1992/1993–1996/1997) and the Scottish Open (1997/1998 and 2002/2003)
* ↑ The event was called the Dubai Classic (1990/1991 and 1993/1994–1994/1995) and Thailand Classic (1995/1996)
* ↑ The event was called the Asian Open (1990/1991) and the Thailand Open (1993/1994–1996/1997)
# Funduq Sagha

Funduq Sagha (Arabic: فندق الصاغة, lit. 'inn of the goldsmiths') (also spelled Fondouk Sagha) is a historic funduq (a caravanserai or traditional inn) in Fes el Bali, the old medina quarter in the city of Fez, Morocco.

## History

The funduq was built in 1711 CE (1123 AH) during the reign of the 'Alawi sultan Ismail Ibn Sharif, probably by the initiative of powerful local merchants or officials. Like other buildings of its type, it served as a center of commercial activity and merchant dealings, and became one of the most important ones in Fes.$^{:280}$ The ground floor of the building was devoted exclusively to commercial activities, while the upper floors were taken up by artisan workshops and used for the storage of merchandise. In the early 20th century, it was particularly known for the sale of tea.
The funduq recently underwent a major restoration between 2013 and 2017 within the framework of an initiative to rehabilitate 27 historic monuments in Fes. During the restoration process, archaeological excavations were also carried out and revealed the remains of Marinid-era (13th–15th century) houses with zellij decoration, some of whose foundations had been reused for the foundations of the funduq.

## Architecture

The architecture of the Funduq Sagha is very similar to that of another funduq founded in the same year (1711), the Funduq an-Najjariyyin (Arabic: فندق النجارين, lit. 'Inn of the carpenters'), which is used today as a museum and tourist attraction. Like the latter, it also faces a small square (known as Place Sagha) which is equipped with an old fountain.
The funduq is entered via a monumental entrance portal decorated primarily with tilework painted with arabesque motifs and calligraphy. Above these tiles is a band of sculpted stucco decoration in traditional motifs, and above this a canopy of sculpted wood. Right above the summit of the doorway's arch is an Arabic inscription in tilework which records the date of the building's foundation:
   .الحمد لله وحده والصلاة والسلام على من لا نبي بعده، وضع هذا الباب المبارک عام ثلاثة و مائة وألف وعشرون
   "Praise to God only, may God bless the one after whom there will be no more prophets. This blessed door was built in the year 1123."$^{:209}$
Inside, the building is centered around a large courtyard with a disposition similar to the interior of the Funduq al-Najjariyyin. The building has three floors (including the ground floor). On the southern wall of the ground floor, opposite the entrance, is a monumental decorative niche covered in zellij, carved stucco, and sculpted wood, reminiscent of decorated street fountains. The courtyard is ringed by a gallery which stretches across all three floors and whose pillars are adorned, in their upper parts, with more carved stucco decoration. This gallery in turn grants access to over two dozen rooms distributed across the three floors.
# Icadyptes

Icadyptes is an extinct genus of giant penguins from the Late Eocene tropics of South America.

## Etymology

The genus name is a combination of "Ica" for the Peruvian region where the type species was found and "dyptes" from the Greek word for diver. The species epithet "salasi" refers to Rodolfo Salas Gismondi, a noted Peruvian paleontologist.

## Description

Comparing its humerus length to previously estimated standing height of Anthropornis (1.66–1.99 metres (5.4–6.5 ft)) and Palaeeudyptes (1.47–1.75 metres (4.8–5.7 ft)), standing height of Icadyptes is estimated at 1.5 metres (4.9 ft). However, according to original research including data of "standing height" of these two taxa that referred in description are actually showing body length (length between tip of beak and tip of tail, see bird measurement), not standing height. Body length and standing height of penguins are often confused even in scientific reports.
It had an exceptionally long spear-like beak resembling that of a heron. The researchers who discovered the penguins believe the long, pointed beaks to be the likely ancestral shape for all penguins.

## Discovery

The fossilised remains of the penguin, which lived approximately 36 million years ago, were found in the Otuma Formation, in the coastal desert of Peru by the team of North Carolina State University palaeontologist Dr. Julia Clarke, assistant professor of marine, earth and atmospheric sciences. Its well-preserved Fossil skeleton was found on the southern coast of Peru together with an early Eocene species Perudyptes devriesi (comparable in size to the living King penguin), and the remains of three other previously undescribed penguin species, all of which seem to have preferred the tropics over colder latitudes.

## Evolution

Icadyptes salasi and Perudyptes devriesi appear to have flourished at warmer latitudes at a time when world temperatures were at their warmest over the past 65 million years. Only a few modern-day penguins, such as the African and Galapagos penguins prefer such a balmy climate.
The discovery of the fossils has caused a re-evaluation of penguin evolution and expansion. Previously, scientists believed that penguins evolved near the poles in Antarctica and New Zealand, and moved closer to the equator around 10 million years ago. Since Icadyptes salasi lived in Peru during a period of great warmth, penguins must have adapted to warm climates around 30 million years earlier than previously believed.
# I Killed Geronimo

I Killed Geronimo is a 1950 American Western film about the Chiricahua Apache leader Geronimo.
Directed by John Hoffman and starring James Ellison, Virginia Herrick, and Chief Thundercloud in the role of Geronimo, the film has been described as a "silly but likeable" B movie. It is based around the fictional murder of Geronimo - who in reality died of pneumonia at the age of 79 after a fall from his horse in February 1909, while still a prisoner of the United States at Fort Sill, Oklahoma.

## Cast

* James Ellison as Capt. Jeff Packard
* Virginia Herrick as Julie Scott
* Chief Thundercloud as Geronimo
* Smith Ballew as Lt. Furness
* Luther Crockett as Maj. Clem French
* Jean Andren as Mrs. French
* Ted Adams as Walt Anderson
* Myron Healey as Frank Corcoran
* Dennis Moore as Luke
* Wes Hudman as Red (as Wesley Hudman)
* Harte Wayne as Gen. Ives
# Alec O'Riordan

Alec John O'Riordan (born 26 July 1940) is a former Irish first-class cricketer.

## Life
### Early life

O'Riordan was born in the Dublin suburb of Clontarf. He was educated at Belvedere College, before going up to University College Dublin.

### Cricket playing career

Considered one of the greatest cricketers to have played for Ireland, he played his club cricket for Clontarf and Old Belvedere, O'Riordan made his debut in first-class cricket for Ireland against the Marylebone Cricket Club (MCC) at Dublin in 1958.
He played first-class cricket for Ireland 25 times from 1958–1977. An all rounder, he scored 614 runs at an average of 15.74. His only first-class century, a score of 117, came against Scotland in 1976. With his fast-medium bowling, O'Riordan took 75 wickets at a bowling average of 21.38. His best innings bowling figures, one of two five wicket hauls he would take, saw him claim 6/35 against the MCC in 1966. An able fielder, he also took 19 catches. Including minor matches, O'Riordan took 206 wickets and scored 2,018 runs for Ireland, until this record was surpassed by Kyle McCallan. He captained Ireland on 28 occasions.
In 1969, when Ireland won a famous fixture against the touring West Indies team, O'Riordan took 4/18 as the West Indies were bowled out for 25, bowling through the entire innings with Douglas Goodwin. He then scored 35 as Ireland batted on after overhauling the West Indies total.
He continued to play club cricket for just over a decade following his final first-class match for Ireland, scoring 10,705 runs and taking 849 wickets at club level.

### Cricket administration

He served as a national team selector. He was also president of the Irish Cricket Union.

### Personal life

Outside of cricket, he worked as a consulting engineer. His wife, Geraldine Hannigan, is a former presenter on RTÉ.
# Freiberger Mulde

The Freiberger Mulde (also called the Östliche Mulde or Eastern Mulde; Czech: Freiberská Mulda) is the right-hand, 124-kilometre-long (77 mi) headstream of the river Mulde, whose catchment covers an area of 2,981 km$^2$ (1,151 sq mi) in the Czech Republic and Germany in central Saxony. It has a volumetric flow of 35.3 m$^3$/s (1,250 cu ft/s) which is greater than that of the other headstream, the Zwickauer Mulde (or Westliche Mulde or Western Mulde) who flow is about 26.4 m$^3$/s (930 cu ft/s), which is nevertheless the longer stream.
The source of the river is in the Ore Mountains, near Moldava, in the Czech Republic. It runs northwest, crossing the border with Germany after a few kilometers, to Freiberg (hence the name), and further northwest through Nossen, Döbeln and Leisnig. A few kilometers north of Colditz, the Freiberger Mulde is joined by the Zwickauer Mulde to form the Mulde. The Mulde is a tributary of the Elbe.
# Rachel Wilde

Rachel Wilde (born Rachel Wilson) is a British actress who played Nikki Spraggan in the BBC soap opera EastEnders.
# Sebastian Biederlack

Sebastian Friedrich Felix Biederlack (born 16 September 1981 in Hamburg) is a field hockey player from Germany, who was a member of the Men's National Team that won the bronze medal at the 2004 Summer Olympics in Athens, Greece.
The midfielder who played for German club Club an der Alster and Spanish club Club de Campo made his international senior debut for the national team on 10 July 1999 in a friendly against South Korea in Leipzig. As of 12 December 2005, Biederlack earned 139 caps for his native country, in which he scored eleven goals.
He represented his native country at the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing, China.

## International senior tournaments

* 2001 – Champions Trophy, Rotterdam (1st place)
* 2002 – 10th World Cup, Kuala Lumpur (1st place)
* 2002 – Champions Trophy, Cologne (2nd place)
* 2003 – European Indoor Nations Cup, Santander (1st place)
* 2003 – Champions Trophy, Amstelveen (6th place)
* 2003 – European Nations Cup, Barcelona (1st place)
* 2004 – Summer Olympics, Athens (3rd place)
* 2005 – European Nations Cup, Leipzig (3rd place)
* 2005 – Champions Trophy, Chennai (4th place)
* 2006 – Champions Trophy, Terrassa (2nd place)
* 2006 – 11th World Cup, Mönchengladbach (1st place)
* 2007 – European Nations Cup, Manchester (4th place)
* 2007 – Champions Trophy, Kuala Lumpur (1st place)
# Idavada Volcanics

The Idavada Volcanics is a geologic formation in Idaho. It preserves fossils dating back to the Neogene period.
# Wu Qian (basketball, born 1994)

Wu Qian (Chinese: 吴前, born July 7, 1994) is a Chinese professional basketball player who plays for the Zhejiang Golden Bulls of the Chinese Basketball Association.
He represented China's national basketball team at the 2017 FIBA Asia Cup in Zouk Mikael, Lebanon, where he recorded China's best 2 point field goal percentage.
In the 2020–21 Chinese Basketball Association season he won the CBA Most Valuable Player award.
Wu was included in China's squad for the 2023 FIBA Basketball World Cup qualification.
# Chakmut

Chakmut Island (Russian: остров Чакмут, romanized: Ostrov Chakmut) is an island in Khabarovsk Krai, Russia, located in the Sea of Japan to the west of Sakhalin Island. Its area is about 30,000 square metres (7.4 acres), and its maximum elevation is 16 metres (52 ft). The island is uninhabited and covered in forest, with a beach around the edges, and is home to a variety of birds.
In late 2017, the island gained attention in most Russian and some international mass media when its owner, Narek Oganisian (Hovhannisyan), proposed to use it for tourism activities, including live quest games, ecotourism and birdwatching.
# Laohushan culture

The Laohushan culture was an early Bronze Age urban society that existed in Ulanqab, Inner Mongolia, China, from approximately 2700—2200 BC. The culture was named after the site discovered at Laohushan, Liangcheng Country.

## History

Around 2000 BC, the Hongshan people who had mastered stone wall construction moved westward and integrated with the Yangshao people. They cultivated a new civilization that was named Laohushan Culture, after the large and well-preserved Laohushan Site in today's Liangcheng county, Ulaanqab. It was marked by stone city settlements and a tripod cauldron with hollow legs.

## Discovery

Three Laohushan stone city settlements have been discovered in central and southern Inner Mongolia. They were all built in sunny and sheltered places in front of mountains with irregularly-shaped stone walls. These discoveries indicate that the Laohushan people probably used professional division of labor to produce pottery.
Common examples of Laohushan pottery include the jia (a wine warmer), unpainted sand-and-pottery jars, long-necked jars, straight wall vats, and small-mouthed urns. Archaeologists believe the jia and tripod cauldron were formed directly from bottles with small mouths and pointed bottoms.

## Influence

The Laohushan Culture had a great influence on other primitive civilizations that flourished in nearby areas, such as the Taosi site in Shanxi and the Lower Xiajiadian culture in Hebei.

## Features

The settlements are mostly located on the low mountains around the lake. There is a significant differentiation in the size of settlements, with an increase in settlements with an area of more than 100000 square meters. Yuanzigou, with an area of more than 300000 square meters, is the central settlement in the Daihai region. Some settlements have stone city walls, which fluctuate according to the terrain and have irregular shapes. Some have altars at higher elevations of their residences.
# Mingma Narbu Sherpa

Mingma Narbu Sherpa is an Indian politician. He was elected to the Sikkim Legislative Assembly from Daramdin in the 2019 Sikkim Legislative Assembly election as a member of the Sikkim Krantikari Morcha. He is Minister of Energy & Power and Labour in P. S. Golay Cabinet.
# Future with Confidence

The Future with Confidence (French: L'Avenir en confiance, AEC) was a liberal-conservative and anti-independence electoral alliance of political parties in New Caledonia. It formed part of the anti-separatist and French loyalist bloc in the Congress of New Caledonia.
The alliance was founded in February 2019 as a common list for the 2019 New Caledonian legislative election and contains an amalgamation of four political parties which include: The Caledonian Republicans, The Rally, The Caledonian People's Movement (MPC) and All Caledonians. The National Rally later became affiliated to the group.
Ideologically, the group held the common aim of opposing separatist and nationalist movements in New Caledonia by supporting New Caledonia's status as part of overseas France. It supported the Nouméa Accord but endorsed a No vote in each independence referendum and urged for the referendums to be held rapidly in order to create a coherent anti-separatist campaign before each. Additionally, the group supported strict policies on security and law & order, and for all groups in New Caledonia to be respected and have rights.
In 2022, the group ran into internal conflict during the 2022 French presidential election and legislative elections over whether to endorse Emmanuel Macron for another term. The National Rally supported the candidacy of Marine Le Pen while Générations NC and the Caledonia Republicans supported Macron's party. Gil Brial and Isabelle Champmoreau of the Caledonian People's Movement expressed interest in forming a new alliance focused on New Caledonian politics over that of mainland France. In 2023, the group split with the National Rally remaining the sole member.