OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Ludovico Gonzaga (1480–1540)

Ludovico Gonzaga (1481 - June 1540) was an Italian nobleman and condottiero, a member of the House of Gonzaga branch of Sabbioneta.

## Biography

He was born at Bozzolo, the son of Gianfrancesco Gonzaga and Antonia del Balzo. At his father's death, he received parts of the family lands including Rodigo and, together with his brother Pirro, Gazzuolo, Sabbioneta, Pomponesco and Dosolo. The other two sons, Federico (1484-1527) and Gianfrancesco (who died in his youth), received Bozzolo, Rivarolo and Isola Dovarese, while San Martino was to be shared among all the brothers.
Ludovico was sent by his father at the court of king Charles VIII of France; later, he received by emperor Maximilian I the right to mint coins at Sabbioneta and Bozzolo. In 1509 he took part in the Siege of Padua. One year later he defended Verona and obtained the title of governor of that city. In 1511, at the death of his uncle Ludovico Gonzaga, bishop of Mantua, he received the fiefs of Ostiano and Castel Goffredo, causing some strife with his relatives of the main Gonzaga branch of Mantua. In 1515 he was hired as commander by Pope Leo X and one year later he was under Francesco II Gonzaga of Mantua. In 1517 he bought, for 20,000 ducats, the fief of Casalmaggiore, but after a siege he was forced to surrender it to the Sforza.
Ludovico Gonzaga lived most of the time in Sabbioneta, which he had received by Pirro, together with his wife Francesca Fieschi and the family. Their children include: Louis (Rodomonte) (1500-1532), Gianfrancesco "Cagnino" (1502-1529), both military leaders; Pirro (1505-1529), a Roman Catholic cardinal; Giulia (1513-1566), wife of Vespasiano Colonna; Ippolita (died 1571), bride of Galeotto II Pico della Mirandola; and Paola (died 1550), who married Gian Galeazzo Sanvitale. Since no son survived him, at Ludovico's death his lands went to Vespasiano I Gonzaga, Louis' eldest son.

## Sources

* Ventura, Leandro (2008). I Gonzaga delle nebbie: storia di una dinastia cadetta nelle terre tra Oglio e Po. Silvana.
# Selvi Ramajayam

Selvi Ramajayam is an Indian politician an ex Member of the Legislative Assembly of Tamil Nadu from Bhuvanagiri constituency. As a cadre of Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam, She was previously elected to the same Bhuvanagiri constituency in 2006 and 2011 elections.
# Charlie Sands (baseball)

Charles Duane Sands (December 17, 1947 – August 22, 2016) was an American professional baseball player. He played in Major League Baseball as a catcher, pinch hitter and designated hitter for the New York Yankees (1967), Pittsburgh Pirates (1971–72), California Angels (1973–74) and Oakland Athletics (1975). Sands stood 6 feet 2 inches (1.88 m) tall, weighed 200 pounds (91 kg), batted left-handed and threw right-handed.
Sands was a member of the Pirates' 1971 National League and World Series champions, and batted one time in the Fall Classic, pinch hitting for Bob Veale in the sixth inning of Game 2 and striking out against eventual Hall of Famer Jim Palmer.
Over six seasons he played in 93 games and had 145 at-bats, 15 runs, 31 hits, 6 doubles, 1 triple, 6 home runs, 23 RBI, 36 walks, .214 batting average, .372 on-base percentage, .393 slugging percentage, 57 total bases, 1 sacrifice fly and 4 intentional walks. He died on August 22, 2016, at the age of 68.
# Second Battle of Maryang-san

The Second Battle of Maryang-san (4–6 November 1951) was fought during the Korean War, in which British forces, possessing a Maryang-san (Hill 317, a.k.a. Hill 315) and surrounding area (Hill 217), were overwhelmed by Chinese forces. The hill remained in Chinese hands for the remainder of the war.

## Background

By this stage in the Korean War the frontline had been consolidated with fortifications, and there was not much movement. Rather like World War One, strategic objectives would be hills or specific areas of land, rather than sweeping objectives or pushes. By September 1950, Australian and Canadian forces, as part of the 27th British Commonwealth Brigade left the area, and were replaced by the British 29th Infantry Brigade Group, then followed by the 28th British Commonwealth Brigade in April 1951. The 25th Canadian Infantry Brigade was the last to arrive and reinforce the area. The units were then all formed into the 1st Commonwealth Division. In October 1951, the Chinese People's Volunteer Army (PVA) had made efforts to attack and take the hill at the First Battle of Maryang-san. PVA forces were pushed back and defeated by Australian forces.

## Action

The PVA first launched a large scale bombardment of the area, including rockets, on the night of 5 November. The barrage lasted 15 hours. The barrage was then followed up by a human wave attack of massed PVA troops, and the British were overrun. Some troops established a fighting withdrawal, and PVA troops captured the hill, taking British prisoners. The hill was defended by 400 British troops, but attacked by three battalions.
Private Bill Speakman was awarded Britain's Victoria Cross at this battle for his bravery. Speakman had been conveying a supply of grenades to the British troops, on a ridge known as Hill 217 in Marysang-san. When the PVA attacked, Speakman took it on his own initiative to gather 6 men, and then began throwing grenades at the PVA. He engaged the enemy with grenades and guns, making repeated charges against them in different directions. When the men ran out of grenades, they began throwing bottles and metal tea pots from the kitchen supply. This gave time for his unit to withdraw. Even while wounded in the leg, he continued to charge at the PVA.
# 19 złotych note

The 19 Polish złotych note is a denomination of the Polish złoty.

## History
### Collector banknotes

The National Bank of Poland issued a collector's banknote commemorating the 100th anniversary of the establishment of the Polish Security Printing Works [pl]. The banknote was released on October 2, 2019, with a denomination of 19 złotych. There are currently 55,000 notes in circulation.

## Polska Wytwórnia Papierów Wartościowych

The Polish Security Printing Works (Polish: Polska Wytwórnia Papierów Wartościowych SA) (PWPW) was established on January 25, 1919, by the decision of the Council of Ministers under the leadership of Prime Minister Ignacy Jan Paderewski.
For over 100 years, the Printing Works has been a guarantor of the security of the Polish state and the identity of its citizens. PWPW manufactures highly secure banknotes, identification documents, postage stamps, and dozens of other security printing products.
Today, PWPW is one of the most modern companies in the world engaged in the production of secure paper, banknotes, and secure prints. Remaining in the service of the Polish state, the company successfully fulfills domestic orders and dynamically develops its export production.
The history of PWPW is particularly associated with the figure of its patron - Ignacy Jan Paderewski, one of the founding fathers of independent Poland, a prominent politician, pianist, and philanthropist.
The banknote presented is another one from the "Independence" series. The date on the banknote, January 25, 2019, marks the 100th anniversary of the establishment of PWPW. The nominal value of 19 złotych refers to the year of establishment of the Printing Works.
# Friedrich Reinitzer

Friedrich Richard Reinitzer (25 February 1857 in Prague – 16 February 1927 in Graz) was an Austrian botanist and chemist. In late 1880s, experimenting with cholesteryl benzoate, he discovered properties of liquid crystals (named later by Otto Lehmann).
Reinitzer was born into a German Bohemian family in Prague. He studied chemistry at the German technical university in Prague; in 1883 he was habilitated there as a private docent. From 1888-1901 he was a professor at Karl-Ferdinands-Universität, then professor at technical university in Graz. During 1909 - 1910 he served as the rector of the university.
While at Karl-Ferdinands-Universität in 1888 he discovered a strange behaviour of what would later be called liquid crystals. For the explanation of their behaviour he collaborated with the physicist Otto Lehmann from Aachen. The discovery received plenty of attention at the time but no practical uses were apparent and the interest dropped soon.

## Selected works

* F. Reinitzer (1888) "Beiträge zur Kenntnis des Cholesterins", Monatshefte für Chemie 9:421–41.
* F. Reinitzer (1891) "Der Gerbstoffbegriff und seine Beziehung zur Pflanzenchemie", Lotos 39.
# Antonia Laucher

Antonia Juliana Laucher (20 June 1786 – 22 August 1871) was a German soprano. She born in Dillingen an der Donau, and lived most of her life in Vienna.

## Early life

Antonia was the daughter of the music educator and church musician Joseph Anton Laucher [de], and his second wife Maria Kunigunda Laucher. She had her early musical training with her father, before studying under Johann Baptist Lasser (1751–1805) in Munich. Lasser wrote a book for the teaching of female singers which still survives, giving an insight into the kind of lessons Laucher would have likely received.

## Career

After brief involvement in the opera scene in Munich, Laucher moved to Vienna with her younger sister Cäcilia, where they were both employed as singers by the Vienna Court Opera. Because their careers were intertwined, the sisters usually went by their first names Antonia and Cäcilia, and they were also referred to in the press as 'Laucher the elder' and 'Laucher the younger' respectively.
In his memoirs, Johann Gänsbacher reported on a charity concert on 15 November 1804 in the Vienna Redoutensaal, in which Antonia Laucher participated, and claimed to have taught Antonia Laucher singing for two years. Frequent newspaper reports in Vienna document the success of Laucher's career from the beginning of her Vienna career, and also mention her sister frequently.
Between 1805 and 1808 Antonia and Cäcilia Laucher worked together in Salzburg. Antonia appeared in Joseph Haydn's oratorios and Cäcilia in Johann Nepomuk Hummel's cantata Diana ed Endimione.
After her death, it was said that the Emperor Napoleon saw a performance of the opera L'arbore di Diana by Vicente Martín y Soler, at the Schlosstheater Schönbrunn in October 1809. Laucher played the role of Cupid, and reportedly spoke at length to Napoleon after the performance. Napoleon was in Vienna for negotiations after the War of the Fifth Coalition, and the Treaty of Schönbrunn was signed just a few days before this performance.
In 1813 she sang in Brünn, in Adalbert Gyrowetz's Agnes Sorel (based on Agnès Sorel), and Der Augenarzt and in Mozart's Don Giovanni.
Her last known attempt at artistic activity is a brief attempt to establish herself as an actress with theatre appearances in 1822, and after this it is presumed that she was inactive.

## Personal life

Laucher is believed to have had illegitimate children, and it is known her sister had at least one illegitimate daughter, Marie Weiler [de]. The sisters were described to have three children between them in 1825, years before Antonia married.
On February 16, 1832, the 45-year-old Antonia Laucher married Gabriel Edlen von Nespern, who was 13 years her junior. According to the marriage register, the couple lived at 966 in Himmelpfortgasse. Her husband died in 1839, and she began a long widowhood with a modest pension.

## Death

She died in obscurity at the age of 85 in August 1871, having lived since her husband's death in the Hietzing district of Vienna.
# Teloxys

Teloxys aristata is a species of flowering plant belonging to the family Amaranthaceae. It is the sole species in genus Teloxys. It is an annual native to temperate Eurasia, ranging from European Russia to China and Korea.

## Uses

Teloxys aristata is used to model trees for model railways, architectural and other scenic models. It is generally referred to as 'seafoam' by modellers.
# Darrell Reed

Darrell R. Reed (born July 28, 1965) is an American former college football player who was a defensive end for the Oklahoma Sooners. He was selected by the Green Bay Packers in the fifth round of the 1988 NFL draft with the 116th overall pick.
# Sáerlaith inion Elcomach

Saerlaith inion Elcomach was an Irish centenarian who died in 969.
Saerlaith is recorded in the Annals of Ulster, sub anno 969, which states "Saerlaith, daughter of Elcomach, died aged one hundred."
# Pristigaster

Pristigaster is a small genus of ray-finned fish belonging to the family Pristigasteridae. It contains two species, both restricted to the Amazon Basin in South America.

## Species

* Pristigaster cayana Cuvier, 1829 (Amazon hatchet herring)
* Pristigaster whiteheadi Menezes & de Pinna, 2000
# Ed Rimkus

Edward William Rimkus (August 10, 1913 in Schenectady, New York – May 17, 1999 in Long Beach, California) was an American of Lithuanian descent bobsledder who competed in the late 1940s and early 1950s. He won a gold medal in the four-men event at the 1948 Winter Olympics in St. Moritz. He died in Long Beach, California.
# Szaundra Diedrich

Szaundra Diedrich (born 18 May 1993) is a German judoka.
Diedrich is the gold medalist from the 2015 Judo Grand Prix Tbilisi in the ‍–‍70 kg category.
# Bob Spitulski

Bob Spitulski (born September 10, 1969) is an American former professional football player who was a linebacker for the Seattle Seahawks and the St. Louis Rams in the National Football League.
Spitulski attended the University of Central Florida and was selected in the third round of the 1992 NFL draft by the Seattle Seahawks.
# Francesco Tifernate

Francesco Tifernate also known as Francesco da Città di Castello (circa 1486 – ) was an Italian painter, active in his native Città di Castello and painting in a Renaissance style.

## Biography

He was born to a father who was a jeweler. It is not clear where he trained, but he clearly would have either met or encountered the contemporary works of Pietro Perugino and a young Raphael, both of whom had ties to his native town. He is known mainly for two extant altarpieces, both Annunciations made for churches in his native town. The Pala Malagotti (1506) was signed, dated and painted for the church of San Domenico; it is now in the Pinacoteca Comunale of Città di Castello. Francesco also appears to have painted another Annunciation for the Capella Uberti of the cathedral, it is presently displayed in the Museo del duomo di Città di Castello.
# Sphere Club

Sphere Club (スフィアクラブ) is a Japanese television series that debuted on July 16, 2011.
# Connie Regan-Blake

Connie Regan-Blake (born January 20, 1947) is an American storyteller, author, and workshop facilitator. Regan-Blake is well-known for her role as part of The Folktellers storytelling duo. She was a founding member of the National Storytelling Network or NSN (formerly the National Association for the Preservation and the Perpetuation of Storytelling or NAPPS). Regan-Blake served as the Artistic Director from 1975 until 1983. She was awarded the Circle of Excellence in 1996 by the National Storytelling Network after being recognized by her peers as a master storyteller. She has appeared onstage as a featured performer or emcee at every National Storytelling Festival since its inception in 1973.

## Biography

Regan-Blake first began her work as a storyteller in the early 1970s. She was hired by the Chattanooga Public Library to fill a grant-funded position (as part of the Library Services and Construction Act). With this new position, the library was able to launch the early childhood literacy program, M.O.R.E. (Making Our Reading Enjoyable).
In 1973, Connie Regan-Blake and Barbara Freeman attended the first National Storytelling Festival in Jonesborough, TN. There they met, Ray and Rosa Hicks of Beech Mountain, who became lasting friends and mentors to Regan-Blake. Two years later, Regan-Blake and her cousin, Barbara Freeman left their positions with the Chattanooga Public Library and began touring as The Folktellers storytelling duo.
As The Folktellers, Regan-Blake and Freeman pioneered 'tandem telling,' a type of duet storytelling performance. The duo also created the record label Mama T Artists. Over the next two decades, The Folktellers toured across the country, performing at folk music festivals including the Smithsonian Folklife Festival in Washington D.C..
In 1985, The Folktellers moved to Asheville, NC and began working on a play titled, Mountain Sweet Talk. This two-act, fully staged play starred Regan-Blake and Freeman, incorporating original material and stories of The Folktellers. The show ran for seven seasons (1986-1992) with over 300 performances at the Folk Art Center.
Connie Regan-Blake set out as a solo performer in 1995. She collaborated with The Kandinsky Trio, a chamber music group (consisting of Elizabeth Bachelder on piano, Benedict Goodfriend on violin, and Alan Weinstein on cello) based out of Roanoke College, VA. Regan-Blake and The Kandinsky Trio performed Tales of Appalachia, a piece composed by Mike Reid which combined the arts of storytelling and chamber music.
Connie Regan-Blake performed in Jonesborough, Tennessee at the International Storytelling Center on June 25, 2010.
One of Connie Regan-Blake's original stories is "Hope is Back on Me: A Storyteller's Journey in Uganda." It narrates her experience with Bead for Life, a non-profit group helping Ugandan women out of poverty. Regan-Blake has been a long-time community partner with this organization and made a trip to Uganda in 2007.
Today, Regan-Blake continues her work as a storyteller as well as providing workshops and coaching under the company name, StoryWindow Productions.
# Ed Ronan

Edward Robert Ronan (born March 21, 1968) is an American former professional hockey player, who played in the National Hockey League (NHL) for the Montreal Canadiens, Winnipeg Jets and Buffalo Sabres.
Ronan won the Stanley Cup in 1993 with the Montreal Canadiens. He also played for the Fredericton Canadiens, Springfield Falcons, Rochester Americans, and Providence Bruins of the AHL. Before starting his professional career he played four seasons for Boston University.

## Regular season and playoffs

| | | | Regular season | Regular season | Regular season | Regular season | Regular season | Playoffs | Playoffs | Playoffs | Playoffs | Playoffs |
| Season | Team | League | GP | G | A | Pts | PIM | GP | G | A | Pts | PIM |
| 1986–87 | Phillips Academy | HS-MA | 22 | 10 | 22 | 32 | 10 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1987–88 | Boston University | HE | 31 | 2 | 5 | 7 | 20 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1988–89 | Boston University | HE | 36 | 4 | 11 | 15 | 34 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1989–90 | Boston University | HE | 44 | 17 | 23 | 40 | 50 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1990–91 | Boston University | HE | 41 | 16 | 19 | 35 | 38 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1991–92 | Montreal Canadiens | NHL | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1991–92 | Fredericton Canadiens | AHL | 78 | 25 | 34 | 59 | 82 | 7 | 5 | 1 | 6 | 6 |
| 1992–93 | Montreal Canadiens | NHL | 53 | 5 | 7 | 12 | 20 | 14 | 2 | 3 | 5 | 10 |
| 1992–93 | Fredericton Canadiens | AHL | 16 | 10 | 5 | 15 | 15 | 5 | 2 | 4 | 6 | 6 |
| 1993–94 | Montreal Canadiens | NHL | 61 | 6 | 8 | 14 | 42 | 7 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
| 1994–95 | Montreal Canadiens | NHL | 30 | 1 | 4 | 5 | 12 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1995–96 | Winnipeg Jets | NHL | 17 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 16 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1995–96 | Springfield Falcons | AHL | 31 | 8 | 16 | 24 | 50 | 10 | 7 | 6 | 13 | 4 |
| 1996–97 | Buffalo Sabres | NHL | 18 | 1 | 4 | 5 | 11 | 6 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 6 |
| 1996–97 | Rochester Americans | AHL | 47 | 13 | 21 | 34 | 62 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1997–98 | Providence Bruins | AHL | 49 | 13 | 15 | 28 | 48 | — | — | — | — | — |
| AHL totals | AHL totals | AHL totals | 221 | 69 | 91 | 160 | 257 | 22 | 14 | 11 | 25 | 16 |
| NHL totals | NHL totals | NHL totals | 182 | 13 | 23 | 36 | 101 | 27 | 4 | 3 | 7 | 16 |
# Viola Wächter

Viola Wächter (born 7 February 1987) is a German judoka.
Wächter is a bronze medalist of the 2017 Judo Grand Prix Hohhot in the ‍–‍57 kg category.
# Leonard Greenwell

Major-General Sir Leonard Greenwell KCB KCH (1781–1844) was a British Army officer who served through the Napoleonic Wars.
Greenwell was born in 1781, the third son of Joshua Greenwell of Kibblesworth, of the family of Greenwell of Greenwell Ford, county Durham. He entered the army by purchase as Ensign in the 45th Regiment of Foot in 1802, became Lieutenant in 1803, and Captain in 1804. In 1806, he embarked with his regiment in the secret British invasion of South America under General Craufurd, which ultimately was sent to La Plata as a reinforcement, and took part in the operations against Buenos Aires. He landed with the regiment in Portugal on 1 August 1808, and, save on two occasions when absent on account of wounds, was present with it throughout the Peninsular War from Roliça to Toulouse.
He was in temporary command of the regiment during Massena's retreat from Torres Vedras, at the Battle of Fuentes de Oñoro, and at the final siege and fall of Badajoz. He became regimental major after the Battle of Bussaco, and received a brevet lieutenant-colonelcy after the Battle of Salamanca; he conducted the light troops of Picton's division at Orthez, and succeeded to the command of his regiment on the fall of Colonel Forbes at the Battle of Toulouse. In the course of these campaigns he was repeatedly wounded: he was shot through the body, through the neck, and through the right arm, a bullet lodged in his left arm, and another in his right leg. In 1819 Greenwell took his regiment to Ceylon, and commanded it there for six years, but was compelled to return home through ill-health before it embarked for Burma. In 1831 he was appointed commandant at Chatham, a post he vacated on promotion to Major-general on 10 January 1837.
Greenwell was a Knight Commander of both the Order of the Bath (KCB) and the Royal Guelphic Order (KCH). He had purchased all his regimental steps but one. He died in Harley Street, Cavendish Square, London, on 11 November 1844, aged 63 and was buried at Newcastle Cathedral.
# Pope Achillas of Alexandria

Achillas was the 18th Patriarch of Alexandria, reigning from 312 to 313.
He was born in Alexandria, Egypt, and was renowned for his knowledge and piety; this was why Pope Theonas had ordained him priest and appointed him head of the Catechetical School of Alexandria upon the departure of Pierius. He was apparently very highly thought of for his work in Greek philosophy and theological science, as Pope Athanasius later described him by the honorific "Achillas the Great".
As recommended by Pope Peter, he was enthroned patriarch in December (Kiahk) 312 AD, after the martyrdom of Peter during the Diocletianic Persecution. He yielded to the request of Arius, who had been condemned by Peter, to return to his former position as priest and preacher.
Achillas died six months later on the 19 Paoni 313.
After his death, Arius nominated himself to become Bishop of Alexandria, but the clergy and the people chose Alexander instead.