OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Blue-and-white swallow

The blue-and-white swallow (Pygochelidon cyanoleuca) is a passerine bird that breeds from Nicaragua south throughout South America, except in the deserts and the Amazon Basin. The southern race is migratory, wintering as far north as Trinidad, where it is a regular visitor. The nominate northern race may have bred on that island.

## Taxonomy

The blue-and-white swallow was first formally described as Hirundo cyanoleuca by the French ornithologist Louis Pierre Vieillot in 1817, based on a specimen he believed to be from Paraguay. The scientific name has the same meaning as the English common name.
This species was formerly placed in the genus Notiochelidon. It was moved to the resurrected genus Pygochelidon based on a phylogenetic study published in 2005.
Three subspecies are recognised:
* P. c. cyanoleuca (Vieillot, 1817) – Costa Rica through northern, central South America
* P. c. peruviana Chapman, 1922 – western Peru
* P. c. patagonica (d'Orbigny & Lafresnaye, 1837) – southern South America

## Description

The adult blue-and-white swallow averages 11–12 cm (4.3–4.7 in) long and weighs about 10 g (0.35 oz). It has dark blue upperparts and white underparts, and its underwings and the undersurface of its short forked tail are blackish. The juvenile is brown above, buff-tinted below, and has a less forked tail. The call is a buzzing dzzzhreeee.
There are three subspecies. The nominate N. c. cyanoleuca occurs from Nicaragua and Trinidad south to northwestern Argentina, Paraguay and Uruguay. The migratory southern race N. c. patagonica is larger, 13.5 cm (5.3 in), has paler underwings, and white basal undertail coverts. N. c. peruviana is restricted to coastal Peru up to 2,500 m (8,200 ft) altitude. It is smaller than patagonica, has less white in the undertail, darker underwings and duskier flanks.

## Distribution and habitat

This is a swallow of open areas including villages and towns, farms, and forest clearings. In Central America, it is a highland bird, but elsewhere in its range it can occur from the lowlands to an altitude of 4,000 m (13,000 ft).

## Behaviour and ecology

This species is often found in small flocks when not breeding. The blue-and-white swallow subsists primarily on a diet of insects, caught in the air; they have been seen to gather where termites swarm. The flight is typically fluttery, and this swallow frequently perches on wires or branches.

### Breeding

The blue-and-white swallow's shallow straw nest is built by both adults in a wide range of natural or man-made cavities include tree holes, rock crevices and bridges. The clutch is up to six white eggs in the south of the range, two or three in the north, which are incubated by both parents for 15 days to hatching. The nestlings are fed by both parents for 26 days to fledging, but return to the nest to sleep with the parents for up to two months. There may be two broods.

## Status

This common and popular species has benefited greatly from deforestation and human settlement which have increased the amount of suitable habitat and food. Consequently, it is not considered threatened by the IUCN.
# 1948 Melbourne Cup

The 1948 Melbourne Cup was a two-mile handicap horse race which took place on Tuesday, 2 November 1948. It was the 83rd running of the Melbourne Cup.

## Details

The 1948 Melbourne Cup was a controversial edition. After a tense battle down the Flemington straight Rimfire had won defeating the well-performed Dark Marne by half a head. Rimfire was trained by Sam Boyden and ridden by Ray Neville at the age of 16, who was chosen because he could make the horse's weight of 7st 2lb (45.4 kilograms). Boyden did not inform Neville about his Melbourne Cup ride until the morning of the race, to ensure Neville would not lose any sleep. The controversy surrounded the fact that this was the first Melbourne Cup to make use of the photo finish after a camera had recently been installed at Flemington. When Rimfire's number was semaphored many on course believed that the photo must have been wrong. There has been a lot of conjecture about if the camera was aligned correctly, but the truth is Rimfire was the winner. Neville had outrode premier Sydney jockey Jack Thompson, who was aboard Dark Marne and who would never ride a Melbourne Cup winner. Neville was only making his ninth ever ride in a race and he never rode another winner.
This is the list of placegetters for the 1948 Melbourne Cup.
| Place | Name | Jockey | Trainer |
| 1 | Rimfire | R. Neville | S. Boyden |
| 2 | Dark Marne | J. Thompson | D. L. Burke |
| 3 | Saxony | J. Gilmore | J. L. Meagher |
# 1,1'-Binaphthyl

1,1'-Binaphthyl is an organic compound with the formula (C$_{10}$H$_7$)$_2$. It is one of the dimers of naphthalene (or literally: dimers of naphthyl). A colorless solid, it has attracted some attention because the atropisomers can be isolated due to hindered rotation between the two naphthyl subunits. The halflife of the racemization is 14.5 min. at 50 °C. Substituted derivatives of this parent species, e.g. binaphthol, exhibit much higher barriers to racemization.
# David Steel (businessman)

Major Sir David Edward Charles Steel DSO MC TD (29 November 1916 – 9 August 2004) was an English army officer, lawyer, and businessman. Steel was the sixth chairman of British Petroleum, from 1975 to 1981.
Steel was the son of Ellen Price-Edwards and Gerald Arthur Steel. His father was private secretary to the First Lord of the Admiralty throughout the First World War, and later general manager of the British Aluminium Company. Steel was educated at Rugby School, and University College, Oxford, where he received a bachelor's degree in law.
Steel was a tank commander in the Second World War, and was awarded the DSO* and an MC.
At the end of 1974, Steel succeeded Sir Eric Drake as chairman of BP.
On 3 November 1956, Steel married Ann Wynne Price, the daughter of Major-General Charles Basil Price, at St Paul's Anglican in Knowlton, Quebec. She bore a son and two daughters for him, and died in 1997. Steel was a member of the Cavalry Club in London and the Links Club in New York City.
# Chant Down Babylon

Chant Down Babylon is a remix album by various hip hop and rock artists covering songs by Bob Marley & The Wailers, released in 1999, produced by Stephen Marley.
The remixed version of "Turn Your Lights Down Low" with Lauryn Hill was released as a single. The music video for the song directed by Francis Lawrence features Hill and her partner Rohan Marley, one of Bob's sons.

## Charts
### Weekly charts

| Chart (1999–2000) | Peak position |
| Austrian Albums (Ö3 Austria) | 49 |
| Dutch Albums (Album Top 100) | 29 |
| French Albums (SNEP) | 15 |
| German Albums (Offizielle Top 100) | 66 |
| New Zealand Albums (RMNZ) | 6 |
| Norwegian Albums (VG-lista) | 14 |
| Swedish Albums (Sverigetopplistan) | 30 |
| Swiss Albums (Schweizer Hitparade) | 23 |
| UK Albums (OCC) | 95 |
| US Billboard 200 | 60 |
| US Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums (Billboard) | 21 |

### Year-end charts

| Chart (2000) | Position |
| Canadian Albums (Nielsen SoundScan) | 189 |
| New Zealand Albums (RMNZ) | 41 |
| US Billboard 200 | 181 |
| US Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums (Billboard) | 85 |

## Certifications and sales

| Region | Certification | Certified units/sales |
| Canada (Music Canada) | Gold | 50,000$^^$ |
| France (SNEP) | Gold | 100,000$^*$ |
| New Zealand (RMNZ) | Platinum | 15,000$^^$ |
| Switzerland (IFPI Switzerland) | Gold | 25,000$^^$ |
| United Kingdom (BPI) | Silver | 60,000$^‡$ |
| United States (RIAA) | Gold | 500,000$^^$ |
| $^*$ Sales figures based on certification alone. $^^$ Shipments figures based on certification alone. $^‡$ Sales+streaming figures based on certification alone. |||
# Lyco and Orphe

Lyco and Orphe (Ancient Greek: Λυκώ καὶ Ὄρφη, romanized: Luko kai Orphe) is a pair of sisters from Greek mythology. Their brief story survives in the works of Maurus Servius Honoratus, a Latin grammarian of the early fifth century AD.

## Family

They were the daughters of Amphithea and Dion, the queen and king of Laconia. They had a third sister named Carya.

## Mythology

Once Apollo, the god of prophecy, paid a visit to Dion and his family. He was so well-received that he gave all three of Dion's daughters the gift of prophecy, under the condition that they would never betray the gods or seek after forbidden things. Later, Dionysus visited the family and fell in love with Carya, so that he visited again in order to see her. But Lyco and Orphe guarded Carya, and tried to prevent Dionysus from wooing her. Dionysus then reminded them of their promise to Apollo, and drove them mad. As the two sisters reached the top of Mount Taygetus in their raging madness, they were transformed into rocks.
# Glenn Neven

Glenn Nevens (born 8 February 1990) is a Belgian footballer who plays for Lommel in the Belgian First Division B as a centre-back.
# Lydia (Fur Patrol song)

"Lydia" is a song by New Zealand band Fur Patrol from their debut studio album, Pet, released in 2000. Written by lead vocalist Julia Deans, the song is about a woman who observes that her ex-lover is in a new relationship with another woman—Lydia. The song spent 19 weeks on the New Zealand Singles Chart, peaking at number one on 24 December 2000. In 2001, it was voted the 19th-best New Zealand song of all time by APRA. The song also won two awards at the 2001 New Zealand Music Awards: Single of the Year and Best Songwriter (awarded to Deans). "Lydia" was released in Australia on 18 March 2002 but did not chart.

## Background and release

Deans said of the song, "It's a classic story. The jilted ex, and it's not necessarily an ex, walks into a cafe or bar and sees the significant other at a table with another other. We have all been there. It was drawn as much from one's own relationships as it was from other people's. When you are young, you end up being that person sitting in a bar and watching your recent beloved getting cosy with someone else. So I guess the song is about that moment when you know a relationship is over but are faced with the reality of it, that someone you thought you loved and thought loved you, has moved on."
   There was nothing cerebral about the selection of the name Lydia. It just fell out.
   It was syllabically and phonetically pleasing within the song. When I write, a lot of words that come that way. Lydia came very quickly. I wrote it pretty much in the time it takes to play the song maybe three times.
   It's one of those moments that you live for as a songwriter. I don't think it has ever happened that quickly with anything else that I have written. Because it happened so quickly and naturally, it felt good.
In New Zealand and Australia, "Lydia" was issued as a CD single containing four tracks: the original version of "Lydia", an acoustic version as the closing track, and two other songs from Pet recorded during sessions with New Zealand radio manager Helen Young—"Andrew" and "Holy".

## Credits and personnel

Credits are lifted from the Pet liner notes.
Studio
* Recorded and mixed at Marmalade Studio A (Wellington, New Zealand)
* Mastered at 301 Sydney (Sydney, Australia)
# Holleder Memorial Stadium

Holleder Memorial Stadium was a 20,000 seat football stadium in Rochester, New York.
Located on Ridgeway Avenue, at the south east corner of Mount Read Blvd., it was built in 1949 to serve as the home of Aquinas Institute football.
Originally named Aquinas Memorial Stadium, it was renamed in 1974, in memory of former Aquinas and Army quarterback Don Holleder, who was killed in October, 1967, in the Battle of Ong Thanh.
The first ever win for the Buffalo Bills of the American Football League was held at the stadium; on August 13, 1960, the Bills won an exhibition game against the Denver Broncos. The Bills continued to host occasional exhibition games at the stadium through the 1960s.
Holleder Stadium was the home pitch for professional soccer's Rochester Lancers, who played at Holleder from 1967–69 as members of the American Soccer League, and 1970–80 while in the NASL. On August 21, 1977, 20,005 people, the largest crowd to attend a Lancers game at Holleder Stadium, watched Pelé lead his Cosmos to a 2–1 victory over the hometown Lancers in the first round of the 1977 NASL playoffs. It was also the host of the first match of the NASL Final 1970.
Holleder Stadium also hosted the Rochester Flash soccer team, who called Holleder Stadium home in 1981–82 (ASL) and 1984 (USL).
The stadium was torn down in 1985, and an industrial park, named Holleder Technology Park, was built on the site. Aquinas would eventually replace the stadium in 2005 with the Wegmans Sports Complex, with a smaller capacity.

## Concerts

The stadium hosted several musical concerts, including:
* The Grateful Dead - September 1, 1979
* Journey and Bryan Adams - June 5, 1983
* The Police, The Fixx and A Flock of Seagulls - August 7, 1983
The Rochester Grey Knights held the Tournament of Drums(Drum and Bugle competition) annually from 1948–1968.
Drum Corps Associates held the Senior Drum and Bugle Championships there in 1968-1971 and 1973–1976.
# National nature reserves in England

National nature reserves in England are designated by Natural England as key places for wildlife and natural features in England. They were established to protect the most significant areas of habitat and of geological formations. NNRs are managed on behalf of the nation, many by Natural England itself, but also by non-governmental organisations, including the members of The Wildlife Trusts partnership, the National Trust, and the Royal Society for the Protection of Birds.
There are 221 NNRs in England covering 1,100 square kilometres (420 square miles). Often they contain rare or nationally important populations of species, such as birds, plants, insects, reptiles and mammals.

## Spotlight NNRs

Natural England has selected 35 as spotlight reserves:
* Ainsdale Sand Dunes NNR, Merseyside
* Aston Rowant NNR, Oxfordshire
* Barnack Hills & Holes NNR, Cambridgeshire
* Castle Eden Dene, County Durham
* Derbyshire Dales NNR, Derbyshire
* Duncombe Park NNR, North Yorkshire
* Durham Coast, County Durham
* East Dartmoor Woods and Heaths NNR, Devon
* Farne Islands NNR, Northumberland
* Fenn's, Whixall and Bettisfield Mosses NNR, Shropshire/Wales
* Finglandrigg Woods NNR, Cumbria
* Gait Barrows NNR, Lancashire
* Gibraltar Point NNR, Lincolnshire
* Golitha Falls NNR, Cornwall
* Holkham NNR, Norfolk
* Ingleborough NNR, North Yorkshire
* Kingley Vale NNR, West Sussex
* Lindisfarne, Northumberland
* Lower Derwent Valley NNR, East Riding of Yorkshire
* Moor House-Upper Teesdale, Cumbria & County Durham
* North Meadow, Cricklade NNR, Wiltshire
* Old Winchester Hill NNR, Hampshire
* Redgrave and Lopham Fen, Norfolk & Suffolk
* Saltfleetby-Theddlethorpe Dunes NNR, Lincolnshire
* Shapwick Heath NNR, Somerset
* Slapton Ley NNR, Devon
* Stiperstones NNR, Shropshire
* Stodmarsh NNR, Kent
* Studland and Godlingston Heath NNR, Dorset
* Teesmouth NNR, Teesside
* The Lizard NNR, Cornwall
* Suffolk Coast NNR, Suffolk
* Thursley NNR, Surrey
* Wicken Fen, Cambridgeshire
* Wye NNR, Kent
For a full list of English NNRs, see List of national nature reserves in England
# Lycopteridae

Lycopteridae is an extinct family of freshwater osteoglossomorph ray-finned fishes.

## Genera

* Lycoptera Müller, 1848
* Aokiichthys Yabumoto 1994
* Changichthys Su 1991
* Yungkangichthys Chang and Chou 1974

## Description

These ray-finned fishes were small, often only a finger's length, with small, almost circular scales.

## Distribution

They occurred in East Asian rivers and lakes from the Jurassic to Cretaceous. Fossils of these fishes have been found in China and Japan.
# Andrejsala

Andrejsala is a area located in the Pētersala-Andrejsala neighbourhood of Riga, Latvia within a former territory of an industrial port next to the city center. It had the potential to become a significant art, culture and entertainment center with exhibition halls, clubs, workshops, studios, cafe, hotel, but many of those dreams went into disrepair. The plans for future development of the area were in the works as of June, 2007, but as with classic cases of urbanisation, many of the artistic ventures disappeared. Buildings without heritage value in Andrejsala have been demolished one-by-one.
In 1282 Riga became a member of the Hanseatic League bringing both commerce and industry to Riga.
In 2001, Riga celebrated its 800th anniversary as a city.
On 1 May 2004 Latvia joined the European Union.
Riga development plan for years 2006 - 2018 envisions a cruise ship terminal at Andrejsala quay.
Andrejsala was the venue of every single Riga International Biennial of Contemporary Art edition.
# The Outlaws (1950 film)

The Outlaws (Italian: I fuorilegge) is a 1950 Italian crime film directed by Aldo Vergano.

## Plot

Turi, having returned to Sicily from abroad, learns that his sister Maruzza is the lover of Cosimo Barrese, a militant of the Movement for the Independence of Sicily, who, abandoned by everyone, has become a bandit. The two would like to get married, but life as an outlaw seems an insurmountable obstacle. Turi asks for revenge on the bandit who has dishonored the family and uses a shady and devious lawyer to drive him into a trap.

## Cast

* Vittorio Gassman: Turi
* Maria Grazia Francia: Maruzza
* Ermanno Randi: Cosimo
* Umberto Spadaro: Don Ciccio
* Rocco D'Assunta: Don Agatino Santoro
* Tino Buazzelli: Maresciallo Fulvio
* Virginia Balistrieri: Mother of Turi
* Attilio Dottesio: Capitano dei carabinieri
* Leonardo De Mitri: Baron Lo Curcio
# 10th general convention of Communist Party of Nepal (Unified Marxist–Leninist)

10th general convention of Communist Party of Nepal (Unified Marxist–Leninist) was held for 26–29 November 2021 to elect central committee members and portfolios. It was held in Sauraha, Chitwan District of Nepal.
1,999 delegates were elected while 5% was nominated.

## Elected portfolios

| S.N | Name | Votes | Result |
| Chairperson (1) |||||
| 1 | KP Sharma Oli | 1808 | Elected |
| 2 | Bhim Bahadur Rawal | 223 | Lost |
| Senior Vice Chairperson (1) |||||
| 1 | Ishwar Pokhrel | Elected unopposed | Elected unopposed |
| Vice Chairperson (6) |||||
| 1 | Astalaxmi Shakya | 1976 | Elected |
| 2 | Surendra Pandey | 1925 | Elected |
| 3 | Subas Chandra Nemwang | 1865 | Elected |
| 4 | Bishnu Prasad Paudel | 1856 | Elected |
| 5 | Yubraj Gyawali | 1842 | Elected |
| 6 | Ram Bahadur Thapa | 1768 | Elected |
| 7 | Ghanashyam Bhusal | 725 | Lost |
| General Secretary (1) |||||
| 1 | Shankar Pokharel | Elected unopposed | Elected unopposed |
| Deputy general secretary (3) |||||
| 1 | Pradeep Kumar Gyawali | Elected unopposed | Elected unopposed |
| 2 | Bishnu Rimal | Elected unopposed | Elected unopposed |
| 3 | Prithvi Subba Gurung | Elected unopposed | Elected unopposed |
| Secretary (7) |||||
| 1 | Gokarna Bista | 1976 | Elected |
| 2 | Yogesh Bhattarai | 1964 | Elected |
| 3 | Padma Kumari Aryal | 1800 | Elected |
| 4 | Chhabilal Bishwakarma | 1800 | Elected |
| 5 | Lekh Raj Bhatta | 1704 | Elected |
| 6 | Top Bahadur Rayamajhi | 1700 | Elected |
| 7 | Raghubir Mahaseth | 1513 | Elected |
| 8 | Bhim Acharya | 1300 | Lost |
| 9 | Tanka Karki | 500 | Lost |
# Jay Em, Wyoming

Jay Em is an unincorporated community in northern Goshen County, Wyoming, United States, just below the headwaters of the Rawhide Creek, on the old Texas Trail. It lies along U.S. Route 85, 35 miles north of the city of Torrington, the county seat of Goshen County. Its elevation is 4,590 feet (1,399 m). Although unincorporated, Jay Em has a post office, with ZIP code 82219.

## History

The site of the town was a watering hole on old Texas Trail. The land around the watering hole was claimed by Jim Moore in the 1860s. By 1869, Moore had the second largest cattle ranch in the Wyoming Territory, under the brand "J Rolling M", from which the community and "Jay Em Creek" would take later their names.
The town was established to support ranchers in the surrounding area by Lake Harris between 1912 and 1915, and by 1915 a post office was established. A newspaper, the weekly Jay Em Sentinel and Fort Laramie News (circulation 300) ran from 1917 to 1921. The town thrived with a number of businesses growing up, including a lumber yard and general store, and the Jay Em Stone Company, which made gravestones and building products from stone quarried in the Rawhide Buttes area. In the 1930s, a gem cutting workshop was established.
By the 1930s and the advent of the automobile, the town began declining somewhat, and beginning in the 1980s, most of the few remaining residents gradually moved to more modern accommodations scattered around the edges of town, eventually leaving the old, historic center of town for the most part abandoned. One of the remaining buildings is the old Shoults Garage, which operated from 128 to 1945; and then as the Wolfe Garage from 1946 until 1960. Also still standing are a gas station, a lumber mill, the general and hardware stores, the stone cutting business, and a bank.
The town hosted thousands of visitors who came to view the solar eclipse of August 21, 2017

## Historic district

The center of the original community is included in the Jay Em Historic District, and listed on the National Register of Historic Places.

## Education

Public education for the community of Jay Em is provided by Goshen County School District #1.

## Main highway

* U.S. Highway 85
# Eiðar longwave transmitter

The Eiðar longwave transmitter was a facility previously used by RÚV (the Icelandic National Broadcasting Service) for longwave radio broadcasting on 207 kHz with a power of 100 kW. The transmitter was situated at Eiðar near Egilsstaðir in East Iceland. It was demolished in March 2023. At the time of its closure, it used an omnidirectional aerial in the form of a 221-metre (725 ft) tall steel lattice mast radiator insulated against the ground. The transmission site was in use from 1938 until its closure in 2023.
Along with the more powerful Hellissandur longwave transmitter, it formed RÚV's longwave service. It was intended to fill in gaps of the FM radio, serve seafarers and act as a critical communications facility.

## History

The first transmission towers at Eiðar were built in 1938, consisting of two 25 m (82 ft) masts forming a T-antenna. Eiðar first broadcast on medium-wave, with a power of 1 kW. This was later increased to 5 kW with new equipment in 1950. In 1951, the original towers were demolished and replaced with a single 75 m (246 ft) tall mast. In 1966, a second 75m mast was erected, forming a T-antenna, and the transmitter was converted to longwave, at a power of 20 kW.
In 1998, the mast was again reconstructed at a height of 221 m (725 ft) and its power increased to 100 kW. Originally a 240 m (790 ft) tall mast was planned, but aircraft flight safety considerations precluded this.
RÚV announced the retirement of its longwave transmissions in 2023, citing its inadequacy as a backup service as most vehicles and radios do not support longwave broadcasts anymore. The Eiðar tower was the first to be removed due to its proximity to Egilsstaðir Airport.
On 2 March 2023 the mast was demolished, ceasing 207 kHz transmissions.
# Thanh Hà (singer)

Trương Minh Hà (born in Đà Nẵng, Vietnam), known under the stage name of Thanh Hà, is a Vietnamese American singer.
Thanh Hà‘s mother is Vietnamese. Her father was Bill Williams, an American soldier of German origin, who died at Chu Lai when she was two years old. She went to school in Đà Nẵng, and as a child she sung on Đà Nẵng radio. After graduating from high school, she moved to Saigon. In 1991 she escaped to a boat people refugee camp in the Philippines. During a beauty contest in the refugee camp in the Philippines, she sang for the first time in front of an audience, for the talent part of the competition. She won a $150 prize, and was surprised to discover that many people liked her voice. She later immigrated to America under the Vietnamese Amerasian American Homecoming Act. She and female singer and music producer Phương Uyên got married in California, Mỹ on September 15, 2022.

## Discography

* Ru lòng khờ dại CD
* Tình yêu - duets with Tuấn Ngọc CD
* Chìa Khóa Tình Yêu CD