# Kuba uezd

The Kuba uezd was a county (uezd) within the Baku Governorate of Russian Empire and then of Azerbaijan Democratic Republic and Azerbaijan SSR until its formal abolition in 1929 by Soviet authorities. The uezd was located in northern part of the Baku Governorate, bordering Caspian Sea to the east, Elizavetpol Governorate to the west, Dagestan Oblast to the north, the Geokchay, Shemakha, and Baku uezds to the south. The administrative center of the uezd was the city of Kuba (present-day Quba).

## Administrative divisions

The prefectures (участки, uchastki) of the Kuba uezd in 1917 were as follows:
| Name | Administrative centre | 1912 population | Area |
| Divichinskiy prefecture (Дивичинский участок) | Divichi (Şabran) | 41,569 | 1,764.78 square versts (2,008.43 km$^2$; 775.46 sq mi) |
| Kubinskiy prefecture (Кубинский участок) | Rustov | 54,113 | 1,855.78 square versts (2,111.99 km$^2$; 815.45 sq mi) |
| Kusarskiy prefecture (Кусарский участок) | Kusary (Qusar) | 53,645 | 1,437.34 square versts (1,635.78 km$^2$; 631.58 sq mi) |
| Myushkyurskiy prefecture (Мюшкюрский участок) | Khachmaz | 16,540 | 1,250.71 square versts (1,423.39 km$^2$; 549.57 sq mi) |

## Geography

The uezd was located on the northern slope of the eastern part of Greater Caucasus mountain range, mainly consisting of 3 main parts: Mountains, which occupies most parts of the south-west, foothills, covering most of the uezd from south-west to northeast, and lowlands, mostly in the areas bordering the Caspian Sea. The highest point in the uezd, Shahdagh, is located at the western part of the uezd at 13,951 feet.
The three main rivers in the uezd were Qudyal, Gilgil and Qusarchay. The Samur river formed the northern border.

## History

After the capture of the Quba Khanate by the Russian forces in 1806, during the Russo-Persian War (1804–1813), the khanate was removed and was made a province of the Russian Empire. The uezd was created in 1840 and was initially made part of the Caspian Oblast in the same year, and later part of the Shamakhi Governorate in 1846. Due to an earthquake in Shamakhi in 1859, the centre of the Shamakhi Governorate was moved from Shamakhi to Baku and the governorate was renamed Baku Governorate.
In 1918, after the collapse of the Russian Empire, Azerbaijan became part of Transcaucasian Democratic Federative Republic. After the establishment of the Baku Commune in April 1918, clashes began in the city of Baku and other uezds within the Baku Governorate, called the March Days, during which 12,000 Azerbaijanis and other Muslims and 2,500 Armenians died.
On 28 May 1918, the Azerbaijan Democratic Republic declared its independence and the uezd was kept as part of its administrative units. After the Red Army invasion of Azerbaijan in 1920, Azerbaijan was integrated into the Soviet Union and the uezd was abolished by Soviet authorities in 1929.

## Demographics
### Russian Empire Census

According to the Russian Empire Census, the Kuba uezd had a population of 183,242 on 28 January [O.S. 15 January] 1897, including 96,771 men and 86,471 women. The plurality of the population indicated Tatar to be their mother tongue, with significant Tat, Kyurin, and Kazi-Kumukh speaking minorities.
Linguistic composition of the Kuba uezd in 1897 :
| Language | Native speakers | % |
| Tatar | 70,150 | 38.28 |
| Tat | 46,430 | 25.34 |
| Kyurin | 44,756 | 24.42 |
| Kazi-Kumukh | 11,614 | 6.34 |
| Jewish | 3,972 | 2.17 |
| Russian | 2,516 | 1.37 |
| Ukrainian | 1,426 | 0.78 |
| Armenian | 1,191 | 0.65 |
| Persian | 549 | 0.30 |
| Turkish | 216 | 0.12 |
| Avar-Andean | 97 | 0.05 |
| Georgian | 66 | 0.04 |
| Polish | 64 | 0.03 |
| German | 38 | 0.02 |
| Belarusian | 29 | 0.02 |
| Lithuanian | 5 | 0.00 |
| Mordovian | 1 | 0.00 |
| Other | 122 | 0.07 |
| TOTAL | 183,242 | 100.00 |

### Kavkazskiy kalendar

According to the 1917 publication of Kavkazskiy kalendar, the Kuba uezd had a population of 198,204 on 14 January [O.S. 1 January] 1916, including 105,556 men and 92,648 women, 196,077 of whom were the permanent population, and 2,127 were temporary residents:
| Nationality | Urban | Urban | Rural | Rural | TOTAL | TOTAL |
| Nationality | Number | % | Number | % | Number | % |
| Sunni Muslims | 4,218 | 15.65 | 102,472 | 59.84 | 106,690 | 53.83 |
| North Caucasians | 417 | 1.55 | 48,688 | 28.43 | 49,105 | 24.77 |
| Shia Muslims | 6,830 | 25.34 | 13,627 | 7.96 | 20,457 | 10.32 |
| Jews | 14,713 | 54.58 | 322 | 0.19 | 15,035 | 7.59 |
| Russians | 177 | 0.66 | 5,206 | 3.04 | 5,383 | 2.72 |
| Armenians | 579 | 2.15 | 933 | 0.54 | 1,512 | 0.76 |
| Asiatic Christians | 22 | 0.08 | 0 | 0.00 | 22 | 0.01 |
| TOTAL | 26,956 | 100.00 | 171,248 | 100.00 | 198,204 | 100.00 |

### Soviet census (1926)

In 1926, the population of the uezd rose to 189,916 people, of which 17,902 were urban and 172,014 rural.