OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Left and right (algebra)

| s a s b s c s d s e s f s g … | a t b t c t d t e t f t g t … |
| Left multiplication by s and right multiplication by t. An abstract notation without any specific sense. ||
In algebra, the terms left and right denote the order of a binary operation (usually, but not always, called "multiplication") in non-commutative algebraic structures. A binary operation ∗ is usually written in the infix form:
    s ∗ t
The argument s is placed on the left side, and the argument t is on the right side. Even if the symbol of the operation is omitted, the order of s and t does matter (unless ∗ is commutative).
A two-sided property is fulfilled on both sides. A one-sided property is related to one (unspecified) of two sides.
Although the terms are similar, left–right distinction in algebraic parlance is not related either to left and right limits in calculus, or to left and right in geometry.

## Binary operation as an operator

A binary operation ∗ may be considered as a family of unary operators through currying:
    R$_t$(s) = s ∗ t,
depending on t as a parameter – this is the family of right operations. Similarly,
    L$_s$(t) = s ∗ t
defines the family of left operations parametrized with s.
If for some e, the left operation L$_e$ is the identity operation, then e is called a left identity. Similarly, if R$_e$ = id, then e is a right identity.
In ring theory, a subring which is invariant under any left multiplication in a ring is called a left ideal. Similarly, a right multiplication-invariant subring is a right ideal.

## Left and right modules

Over non-commutative rings, the left–right distinction is applied to modules, namely to specify the side where a scalar (module element) appears in the scalar multiplication.
| Left module | Right module |
| s(x + y) = sx + sy (s$_1$ + s$_2$)x = s$_1$x + s$_2$x  s(tx) = (s t)x | (x + y)t = xt + yt  x(t$_1$ + t$_2$) = xt$_1$ + xt$_2$ (xs)t = x(s t) |
The distinction is not purely syntactical because one gets two different associativity rules (the lowest row in the table) which link multiplication in a module with multiplication in a ring.
A bimodule is simultaneously a left and right module, with two different scalar multiplication operations, obeying an associativity condition on them.

## Other examples

* Left eigenvectors
* Left and right group actions

## In category theory

In category theory the usage of "left" and "right" has some algebraic resemblance, but refers to left and right sides of morphisms. See adjoint functors.
# Orrell railway station

Orrell railway station serves the Orrell area of the Metropolitan Borough of Wigan, Greater Manchester, England. It is a small two-platform commuter hub on the Kirkby branch line from Wigan.
From Orrell, trains provide services to Manchester, passing through Wigan's Wallgate station. On the opposite platform, trains served by Northern Trains use the Tontine Tunnel onwards towards the Headbolt Lane terminus of this branch line.
The majority of passengers at Orrell use services to Wigan town centre and Manchester. The services to Manchester are significantly busier than those to Kirkby. Usage figures are slightly inflated by the fact that Orrell is the boundary for free Concessionary travel for Manchester residents; pensioners book (free) to Orrell and need only pay from there to areas outside Greater Manchester.

## Facilities

The station is unstaffed and has a ticket machine that can be found at street level. Shelters, digital information screens and timetable information boards are located on each platform, with a footbridge linking them. No step-free access is available, as the station is situated in a cutting below street level and can only be reached via the stairs from the footbridge.

## Services

All services at Orrell are operated by Northern Trains.
The station is served by one train per hour between Headbolt Lane and Blackburn via Wigan Wallgate and Manchester Victoria. Connections for Merseyrail services to and from Liverpool Central can be made by changing at Headbolt Lane.
No services call at the station during late evenings or on Sundays.
| Preceding station | National Rail | National Rail | National Rail | Following station |
| Upholland | | Northern TrainsKirkby Branch LineMonday-Saturday only | | Pemberton |
# Oregon–Oregon State rivalry

The Oregon–Oregon State rivalry (formerly known as the Civil War) is a college rivalry between the University of Oregon and Oregon State University. The rivalry is one of the oldest in the nation, dating back to 1894 when the two universities' football teams first met. Although the college football game is the most popular rivalry, the two universities have noted rivalry games in every sport that both sponsor. There is also an academic rivalry between the schools on occasion, and competitions for community services such as blood drives take place often.

## All-time records

Although determining the overall series winner is a fairly recent practice, all-time records for sports between the universities have been kept since play started.

### Men's sports
#### Baseball

Oregon State has won three College World Series Titles in 2006, 2007, and 2018. The University of Oregon cut its baseball program in 1981 along with three other sports (men's gymnastics, women's golf and women's soccer). After 28 years, Oregon would bring its baseball program back in 2009. Oregon State leads the all-times series 197-172 as of the 2024 season with the Ducks winning the final Pac-12 Conference matchup between the two.

#### Basketball

The men's basketball rivalry is one of the most contested games between any two teams in the nation, with an NCAA record 365 games played as of November 21, 2024. The Beavers also hold the NCAA record for the third most wins against a single team (the Ducks) with the series' 192–173 in favor of the Beavers. The Ducks have won 8 straight in the series dating back to 2022.

#### Football

First contested in 1894, the football rivalry is the fifth-most played college football rivalry game in the NCAA Division I Football Bowl Subdivision. The Ducks lead the overall series at 69–49–10 as of the 2024 season.

#### Soccer

The men's soccer teams have only played 3 times, with the Ducks dropping this as a sport at the conclusion of the 1989 season. The Beavers won all three contests played, leaving the record at 3–0–0 in favor of OSU.

#### Wrestling

Oregon State has traditionally dominated in this sport, leading the Ducks 103–24–4 in the all-time series as of the end of the 2005–06 season. Oregon State has won the past 7 meets, dating back to the 2003 season. The Ducks have dropped this sport and it has been absent for several years.

### Women's sports
#### Basketball

Both teams have recently made the Final 4 with Oregon State going in 2016 and Oregon going in 2019. Oregon leads the all-time series record between the women's basketball programs as of the 2023-24 season at 66-47. The Beavers have won 3 straight in the series dating back to 2023.

#### Soccer

Oregon leads the all-time series record in women's soccer at 12–11–6 as of the end of the 2023 season.

#### Softball

Oregon holds the all-time series lead in softball at 112–89–1, as of 2024.The Ducks have gone 34-10 vs the Beavers since the end of the 2009 season.

#### Volleyball

Oregon leads the all-time series with Oregon State 87–44–1 as of the 2024 season. Oregon has won 11 straight matches in the series dating back to 2019.
# Donald Whiteside

Donald Whiteside (born April 25, 1969) is an American former professional basketball player. Listed as a 5'10", 160 lb point guard, he played college basketball for Northern Illinois University.
In 1992, Whiteside had a brief stint with the Goldfields Giants, before going on to play two seasons in the NBL for the Hobart Devils in 1992 and 1993. Between 1996 and 1997, he played in the NBA for the Toronto Raptors and Atlanta Hawks. He also had stints in Latvia (for Rīgas Laiks), Czech Republic and Spain, as well as in the Continental Basketball Association and the American Basketball Association.
# Nat King Cole Sings/George Shearing Plays

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Allmusic | |
| The Rolling Stone Jazz Record Guide | |
Nat King Cole Sings/George Shearing Plays is a 1962 studio album by Nat King Cole, featuring the pianist George Shearing. Containing new arrangements of two songs that Nat King Cole made famous in earlier versions: I'm Lost and Lost April. The album peaked at 27 on the Billboard album chart.

## Personnel

* Nat King Cole – vocals
* George Shearing – piano, arranger
* Ralph Carmichael – arranger, conductor

### Orchestra Members

* Vibes: Emil Richards (5-15), Warren Chiasson (5-15)
* Guitar: Al Hendrickson (5-15)
* Bass played by: Israel Crosby (5-15), Al McKibbon (5-15)
* Arco Bass: Mike Rubin (5-15)
* Drums: Shelly Manne (5-15), Vernell Fournier (5-15)
* Congas: Armando Peraza (5-15), Carlos Vidal (8-9, 14-15)
* Additional Percussion: Nick Martinis (8-9, 14-15), Luis Miranda (8-9, 14-15)
* Trombone: Lloyd Ullate (8-9, 14-15)
* Reeds: Paul Horn (8-9, 14-15), Justin Gordon (8-9, 14-15), Willie Schwartz (8-9, 14-15)
# Finkelstein reaction

The Finkelstein reaction, named after the German chemist Hans Finkelstein, is a type of S$_N$2 reaction (substitution nucleophilic bimolecular reaction) that involves the exchange of one halogen atom for another. It is an equilibrium reaction, but the reaction can be driven to completion by exploiting the differential solubility of various halide salts, or by using a large excess of the desired halide.

## Method

The classic Finkelstein reaction entails the conversion of an alkyl chloride or an alkyl bromide to an alkyl iodide by treatment with a solution of sodium iodide in acetone. Sodium iodide is soluble in acetone while sodium chloride and sodium bromide are not; therefore, the reaction is driven toward products by mass action due to the precipitation of the poorly soluble NaCl or NaBr. An example involves the conversion of the ethyl ester of 5-bromovaleric acid to the iodide:
    EtO$_2$C(CH$_2$)$_4$Br + NaI → EtO$_2$C(CH$_2$)$_4$I + NaBr
Potassium fluoride is used for the conversion of chlorocarbons into fluorocarbons. Such reactions usually employ polar solvents such as dimethyl formamide, ethylene glycol, and dimethyl sulfoxide.

## Use for analysis

Alkyl halides differ greatly in the ease with which they undergo the Finkelstein reaction. The reaction works well for primary (except for neopentyl) halides, and exceptionally well for allyl, benzyl, and α-carbonyl halides. Secondary halides are far less reactive. Vinyl, aryl and tertiary alkyl halides are unreactive; as a result, the reaction of NaI in acetone can be used as a qualitative test to determine which of the aforementioned classes an unknown alkyl halide belongs to, with the exception of alkyl iodides, as they yield the same product upon substitution. Below some relative rates of reaction (NaI in acetone at 60 °C):
| Me–Cl | Bu–Cl | i-Pr–Cl | t-BuCH$_2$–Cl | CH$_2$=CH–CH$_2$–Cl | PhCH$_2$–Cl | EtOC(O)CH$_2$–Cl | MeC(O)CH$_2$–Cl |
| 179 | 1 | 0.0146 | 0.00003 | 64 | 179 | 1600 | 33000 |

## Aromatic Finkelstein reaction

The aromatic chlorides and bromides are not easily substituted by iodide, though they may occur when appropriately catalyzed. The so-called "aromatic Finkelstein reaction" is catalyzed by copper(I) iodide in combination with diamine ligands. Nickel bromide and tri-n-butylphosphine have been found to be suitable catalysts as well.
# Pak Ui-wan

Pak Ui-wan (Korean: 박의완; September 19, 1911 – 1961?) was a North Korean politician who served as a Vice Premier of North Korea and member of the Supreme People's Assembly, North Korea's unicameral parliament until he was purged in 1958.

## Biography

Born September 19, 1911, in Korea, Empire of Japan, with family moved to the Russian Empire and became Koryo-saram. Some say that his name Ui-wan was changed from Russian Ivan, and some say that his original name was Ui-wan.
After the Russian Revolution, he worked as a secretary for the Soviet Youth League. After graduating from the Rostov State University of Railways, he married Alexandra Lee, a Korean. On June 22, 1937 their son Yuri was born, and Alexandra died in 1938. When the forced migration of Koreans began, Pak Ui-wan was forcibly relocated to the Uzbek SSR. He later remarried a Russian woman named Natalia Gorbatova. Then, after the defeat of the Japanese Empire, he was sent to North Korea under Stalin's instructions. Arriving in December 1945 with other communists, he was appointed deputy director of the railway bureau of the Provisional People's Committee of North Korea, and in 1947 took all of his family to North Korea. Then he divorced Natalia and marries a Goryeo-in, Pyongyang 6 school principal, Yulia Na Kwak.
In September 1948, with the formal establishment of North Korea and the inauguration of the first cabinet, he was appointed as the first minister of transport. was appointed to In February 1951, he served as a member of the funeral commission of Kim Chaek, and in August 1951, he served as a member of the funeral committee of Ho Hon. At the end of 1951, after the Ministry of Transport was reorganized into the Ministry of Railways, he was appointed Minister of Railways. In July 1953, Kim Hoe-il (Korean: 김회일) was given the Railway Ministry, but on July 13, he was appointed deputy prime minister of North Korea. In 1954, he was appointed Vice Premier and Minister of Light Industry. In April 1956, he was elected as a candidate member of the Standing Committee at the 3rd Party Congress. At a plenary meeting in September 1956 he criticized Kim's policies sought to return to the Soviet Union, but the new Soviet ambassador Alexander Puzanov ignored his request. In March 1958, when the 1st Conference of the Workers' Party of North Korea was held, he was attacked fiercely and was expelled along with Kim Tu-bong and O Ki-sop. Following the conference, in accordance with the decree of the Presidium of the Supreme People's Assembly, he was dismissed from the deputy prime minister and replaced by Ri Ju-yon.
# Ariston of Cyrene

Ariston (Ancient Greek: Ἀρίστων) was the leader of the democratic political party in Cyrene, Libya in the late 6th and early 5th centuries BCE, and a leader in the civil war that broke out around the turn of the century.
After an election that led to a tie between the democratic party and the party of the aristocratic nobles, Ariston led an insurrection against the aristocratic party. He obtained possession of the town and executed about 50 of the nobles (Diodorus Siculus gives the number as 500), and expelled a great deal more from the city, most of whom decamped to the nearby city of Euesperides.
There the nobles raised an army of 3000 Messenian mercenaries, and marched on Cyrene. The fighting was severe, but ended in a stalemate.
Afterwards, the two sides came to an agreement and the powers of government were divided, with each party agreeing to alternate running the state for one year each.
Some scholars believe it was this event that the philosopher Aristotle was referring to in his Politics when describing the "revolution at Cyrene".
"Ariston" was an exceptionally common name in Cyrene at this time, and there are several other people named "Ariston of Cyrene" in the literature:
* Ariston of Cyrene, son of Menon, mentioned in an epigram of Theaetetus of Cyrene as having died at sea.
* Ariston of Cyrene, husband to Zeuxo, who won the women's four-horse chariot event at the Panathenaic Games in 198 BCE.
# Whalley railway station

Whalley railway station serves the village of Whalley in Lancashire, England. The station lies on the Ribble Valley Line 7+1⁄4 miles (11.7 km) north of Blackburn. The station has two platforms, slightly offset from each other. It is unstaffed, with shelters on each platform. Immediately beyond its eastern end, the line crosses the River Calder on a 678-yard (620 m) long, brick viaduct of 48 arches.

## History

The station was opened on 22 June 1850 by the Bolton, Blackburn, Clitheroe and West Yorkshire Railway when it opened the line from Daisyfield, near Blackburn to Hellifield Junction, just south of Hellifield. The station was host to a LMS caravan from 1934 to 1936.
It was closed on 10 September 1962 by the British Transport Commission and reopened with the rest of the line on 29 May 1994.

## Facilities

There is a Ticket Vending Machine on the Manchester platform. However, there are customer help points on both platforms, automated train running announcements and timetable information posters are provided. Step free access is only available on the Manchester bound platform.

## Services

There is generally an hourly service daily (including Sundays) northbound to Clitheroe and southbound to Blackburn, Bolton, and Manchester Victoria; and on to Rochdale, with extra trains during peak hours. On Saturdays (June 2024 onwards) two trains operate from Rochdale through Manchester Victoria and along the Ribble Valley Line via Clitheroe and Hellifield and onwards towards Ribblehead. (This replaces the previous Dales Rail service from Blackpool/Preston to Hellifield and Carlisle).
# Alejandro Lerner

Alejandro Federico Lerner (born June 8, 1957) is an Argentine musician and singer-songwriter. He has written and sung countless songs including several hits, and his fame and recognition spread all over South America.
Through his career, Lerner played in different bands, formed his own group, and worked with international artists such as Luis Miguel, Paul Anka, and Celine Dion.
Lerner was born in Buenos Aires to a family of Ashkenazi Jewish origin. In 1974, he was discovered by Raúl Porchetto, who invited him to join a short-term project called Reino de Munt. In 1977, Lerner participated in Gustavo Santaolalla's band Soluna. In addition, Alejandro Lerner was consolidating his skills as a performer while working with well-known Argentine singers Leon Gieco and Sandra Mihanovich.
In 1981, Lerner formed a band called la Magia, playing along with bass player Hernán Magiano, guitarist Damián Figueroa, saxophonist Oscar Kreimer, and drummer Luis Querón, releasing Alejandro Lerner y La Magia in 1982. A year later, the band broke up and he decided to start his solo career, releasing Todo a Pulmón that same year and Lerner Tres in 1984. In 1998, Alejandor Lerner recorded the theme "Paths of the Soul" next to Kennedy Choir[2] and with more than 120 Argentine artists under the direction of Instrumental pianist and conductor Nazareno Andorno. In 1999, a compilation of his greatest hits, called 20 Años (20 Years), was released.
In 2002, Lerner gained exposure in the US when he collaborated with Carlos Santana on the song "Hoy Es Adiós" which was released on Santana's album Shaman. In 2021 both artists collaborated again on the single "Puro Sentimiento", which was remixed in 2022 with Sofía Reyes and L-Gante.

## Discography
### 1970s

* 1979 Sus primeras canciones

### 1980s

* 1982 Alejandro Lerner y la Magia
* 1983 Todo a pulmón
* 1984 Lernertres
* 1985 Conciertos
* 1987 Algo que decir
* 1988 Canciones

### 1990s

* 1990 Entrelíneas
* 1992 Amor infinito
* 1994 Permiso de volar
* 1995 La magia continúa
* 1997 Magic hotel
* 1997 Volver a empezar
* 1999 20 años

### 2000s

* 2000 Si quieres saber quién soy
* 2002 Lerner vivo
* 2003 Buen viaje
* 2006 Canciones para gente niña
* 2007 Enojado
* 2008 "EN VIVO EN EL GRAN REX CD Y DVD"
* 2016 "Autentico"
# José Júlio de Souza Pinto

José Júlio de Souza Pinto (15 September 1856 – 14 April 1939) was a Portuguese painter in the naturalist style.

## Life and work

He was born in Angra do Heroísmo, in Terceira island, Azores, the son of a doctor. He lived in the islands of Terceira, Santa Maria and São Miguel Island, until the age of fourteen. Later, he lived in Porto, where he studied at the Escola Superior de Belas-Artes with António Soares dos Reis and João António Correia. In 1880, after graduating, he and fellow student Henrique Pousão travelled to Paris on a fellowship.
Once there, he obtained a position in the studios of Alexandre Cabanel, studying with William-Adolphe Bouguereau and Adolphe Yvon at the École des Beaux-Arts. He quickly became integrated into Parisian artistic circles and placed works at all the major exhibitions, including the Salon. By 1900, he was a member of the judging panel at the Salon. Eventually, he also presented his works in Brazil and the United States.
He made frequent visits to Portugal, where he exhibited in Porto and Lisbon, and he was the first Portuguese artist to have his work displayed in the Musée du Luxembourg (now in the Musée d'Orsay). On a visit to Brittany, he became enamoured of the southern coast and lived there for the remainder of his life, painting genre scenes of the local people and villages. He died at Pont-Scorff.

## Selected paintings

* The Missing Ship (1901)
* The Blue Bucket (1907)
* The Sulking Girl (1906)
* Harvesting Potatoes (1898)
# Donnie Ray Koonce

Donnie Ray Koonce (born June 13, 1959) is a retired American basketball player. He was drafted in the fourth round of the 1981 NBA draft by the Detroit Pistons. Koonce was a member of the Pistons' runner-up entry in the 1981 Southern California Summer Pro league, appearing in all 13 contest. He played 3 seasons in the Philippine Basketball Association from 1982 to 1983 and 1986.

## PBA stint

Koonce played a total of 62 games for Toyota Super Corollas in all three conferences of the 1982 season, averaging 26.37 points per game. In the season-ending Open Conference, he won Best Import honors, edging his Toyota teammate and resident import Andrew Fields by one point in the balloting. With Toyota under the "handicap rule" the following season, Koonce signed with the San Miguel Beermen and raised his average to 36.78 points a game in 46 outings with the Beermen.
Koonce returned in 1986 to play for newcomer Alaska Milk. In the Reinforced (first) Conference that year, he teamed up with Jerry Lee Eaves to lead the newest PBA franchise to a strong fourth-place finish. However, in the second round eliminations of the same conference, Koonce suffered a serious knee injury after a nasty fall. In the Open (third) Conference, he would return to play alongside another Best Import awardee and PBA veteran Norman Black, but it became obvious that the injury took its toll on his game prompting management to replace him after five games with Mike Morrison. This was to be his final appearance in the PBA.

## Post-basketball career

After his PBA stint, Koonce earned his MBA from the University of Alabama at Birmingham and became a banking executive.
# Henrik Lund (painter)

Henrik Louis Lund (8 September 1879 – 23 December 1935) was a Norwegian painter and graphic artist.
Lund was born in Bergen as a son of Lt.-Col. Henrik Louis Bull Lund (1838–1891) and pianist and composer Birgitte Theodora Carlsen (1843–1913). His sister was the composer Signe Lund. He spent much of his young days at sea and probably had a naval career in mind. However, he was not admitted to the Norwegian Naval Academy.
He moved to Kristiania, where he met painting student Per Deberitz, who was a student of Hans Gude and who probably turned Lund's interest to this profession. He was a pupil of Harriet Backer (1899), debuted the same year, and studied further with Johan Nordhagen (1903). Lund had his first exhibit in 1899 and his first Autumn Exhibit in 1901. He lived in Paris (1905, 1920–21) and exhibited in Berlin (1908). He lived in Copenhagen from 1904 to 1909 and broke through here. He held several notable exhibitions, including "The Six" in Berlin and Copenhagen in 1911.
His works can be found in the National Gallery of Norway in Oslo, which owns 13 of his pictures, in the Norwegian Parliament and inb the National Theatre, among others.

## Personal life

His sister was the composer and pianist Signe Lund (1868–1950). In 1900, he married Gunbjør Olsen (1880–1965), and they were the parents of the sculptor Knut Henrik Lund (1909–1991). He was the father-in-law of the art historian Johan Henrik Langaard (1899–1988). He died on 23 December 1935 in Oslo.