OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Geoffrey C. Bowker

Geoffrey C. Bowker is Professor of Informatics at the University of California, Irvine. He moved to UCI at the start of 2012, having held the positions of Professor and Senior Scholar in Cyberscholarship at the University of Pittsburgh School of Information. Prior to that, Bowker was Executive Director and Regis and Dianne McKenna Professor at the Center for Science, Technology and Society at Santa Clara University. Previously, Bowker was chair of the Department of Communication at the University of California, San Diego and has held appointments at the University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign.
With his late partner Susan Leigh Star, he has devoted much of his career to examining the values embedded within sociotechnical infrastructures such as databases, visualization strategies, and science and engineering standards. They also discuss the human instinct to classify things.
With Star and Helen Nissenbaum, he founded the NSF-funded Values in Design workshop and research project series to bring together scholars examining these issues across broader sites of study and across disciplines.

## Selected works

* Sorting Things Out: Classification and its Consequences, MIT Press, 1999 (co-authored with Susan Leigh Star). ISBN 978-0-262-52295-3
* Memory Practices in the Sciences, MIT Press, 2005. ISBN 978-0-262-52489-6
* Understanding Infrastructure: Dynamics, Tensions, and Design, National Science Foundation, 2007 (co-authored with Paul N. Edwards, Steven J. Jackson, and Cory P. Knobel).
# SuperKaramba

SuperKaramba is a tool, a so-called widget engine, that allows the creation of functionality enhancement modules (desktop widgets) on the KDE desktop. The desktop widgets are usually embedded directly into the background and do not disturb the normal view of the desktop. The use of SuperKaramba is not limited to KDE, but certain libraries from KDE are required. SuperKaramba had been included in KDE since version 3.5. SuperKaramba is similar to gDesklets for GNOME. The name derives from Portuguese and Spanish super caramba, meaning approximately "super wow" or "super cool" (caramba itself being a euphemism for carallo).
Together, Kicker, KDesktop and SuperKaramba build the graphical shell of the K Desktop Environment 3. In KDE Software Compilation 4, Kicker, KDesktop, and SuperKaramba were replaced by KDE Plasma 4. The graphical shells KDE Plasma 4 and KDE Plasma 5 being widget engines of their own, SuperKaramba is no longer necessary and e.g. "Kicker" was re-implemented as such a desktop widget.

## How it works

Authors use text files to create themes that define their widget. They then have the option of adding a Python, Ruby or JavaScript script to make the widget interactive.

## Possible uses

* Interactive weather forecasts
* Control and announcement of MP3 playing with XMMS or Amarok
* Calendar and notes
* Original clocks
* System monitor for CPU, network, non-removable disks
* Notification of new messages in mailboxes
* News tickers and RSS aggregators
* Animated menu bars
* Custom toolbars
* Search tools

## History

Karamba was originally written by Hans Karlsson as a school project in March 2003. It gained a lot of popularity when it was uploaded to KDE-Look and people began writing themes for it. Karamba only functioned on text files that were written with pseudo-XML format. It became so popular so quickly that Hans had to hand over the project to others who had time to expand upon what he had begun.
By the end of April 2003, Adam Geitgey took over maintenance of the project. He added python scripting support to karamba, which is where it took on a new name, SuperKaramba. Adam kept the project alive, added new features and applied patches from other developers until around April 2005. At that point, a group of developers who wanted to move SuperKaramba even further pushed to get it included in a KDE major release.
SuperKaramba was integrated into KDE 3.5 as part of the kdeutils package, and some of the ideas that it presents have become part of KDE 4’s desktop and panel interface called Plasma, which also has support for the SuperKaramba widgets.
# Akashiyaki

Akashiyaki (明石焼き) is a small round dumpling from the city of Akashi in Hyōgo Prefecture, Japan. The dumpling is made of an egg-rich batter and octopus dipped into dashi (a thin fish broth) before eating. Modern style akashiyaki was first sold in the Taishō period by a yatai owner Seitarō Mukai.
Although takoyaki, another Japanese dumpling, is more popular in Japan, it is based on akashiyaki. Both are made with a takoyaki pan, a type of frying pan or cooktop with many hemispherical molds. Compared to takoyaki, akashiyaki has a softer, more eggy texture.
Akashiyaki is shown in the cyberpunk visual novel video game Snatcher. In the English release, however, it was changed to "Neo Kobe Pizza" (which substitutes soup for the dashi and a slice of pizza for the dumplings), a meal that fans of the game have gone through the effort of recreating.

## History

Akashiyaki used to be known as tamagoyaki (grilled egg) for a long time locally. However, around 1988, a city official renamed tamagoyaki to akashiyaki for the purpose of promoting the city of Akashi. The origin of the name comes from the decoration called akashidama. Akashidama is a kind of artificial coral made by hardening egg whites with saltpeter, and it was used as decoration in kanzashi. From the end of the Edo period to the Taisho period, the production of akashidama was a thriving local industry in Akashi. It is said that people started making akashiyaki because there was a large amount of leftover egg yolk and wheat flour from the production of akashidama. In addition, Akashi city had abundant catches of octopus. People started mixing those ingredients together and created akashiyaki.

## Consumption

Regardless of the season, akashiyaki is eaten as lunch or a snack, both at restaurants and at home. As of 2021, there were 70 akashiyaki places in Akashi city.

## Comparison to takoyaki

| | Akashiyaki | Takoyaki |
| Features | Eggs, wheat flour, and jinko (wheat starch)are used in the batter. Since the egg ratio is high, akashiyaki is very soft and shaped like small balls. | Eggs, wheat flour, and dashi are used in the batter. Since the egg ratio is low, takoyaki is less moist and shaped like small balls. |
| Fillings | Octopus only. | Octopus (sometimes fried), konjac, green onion, red pickled ginger, tenkasu, etc. |
| Ways of Eating | Dipping into hot or cold dashi. | Putting takoyaki sauce, mayonnaise, bonito flakes, and aonori on top. |
| Cooking Equipment | Copper pan. | Cast-iron pan. |
# Bluestripe butterflyfish

The bluestripe butterflyfish or blue-striped butterflyfish (Chaetodon fremblii) is a species of butterflyfish (family Chaetodontidae) found in the waters surrounding the Hawaiian Islands. The fish is endemic to Hawaii where it is common on shallow water reefs.

## Description

The bluestripe butterflyfish, like other butterflyfish, are laterally flattened fish up to 15 cm (6 in) long with pointed snouts and rectangular bodies. The dorsal fin has 12 to 14 spines and 20 to 21 soft rays, while the anal fin has 3 spines and 16 to 18 soft rays. The bluestripe butterflyfish has eight distinctive diagonal blue stripes radiating from the eye region, on a yellow background. There is a black spot at the top of the head and another larger spot of black at the base of the tail. This latter dark patch may serve to distract predators by encouraging them to attack the tail rather than the head end.

## Distribution

The bluestripe butterflyfish is endemic to the Hawaiian Islands where it is described as being abundant on coral and rocky reefs down to depths of about 28 m (90 ft).

## Ecology

The bluestripe butterflyfish is an omnivore, unlike some butterflyfishes which feed almost exclusively on corals. These specialists usually have mating systems involving a pair bond, but the omnivorous bluestripe butterflyfish lives in a more resource-rich environment, where it is easier to find sufficient food. As a result, males of this species operate a harem system, defending a territory which includes up to four smaller female territories.

## Taxonomy and etymology

The bluestripe butterflyfish was first formally described in 1828 by the English naturalist Edward Turner Bennett (1797-1836). The specific name honours Lieutenant John Frembly R.N., a marine surveyor and geologist, who presented a collection of fish specimens from the Sandwich Islands to the Zoological Society of London.

## Utilisation

The bluestripe butterflyfish is sometimes kept in reef aquaria where its generalised diet means that it is easier to maintain than corallivorous types. Specimens are harvested from the wild and it is sometimes difficult to get the fish to eat in captivity. In this respect, juveniles within two or three months of settling are more willing to accept prepared and novel foods. Attempts have been made to breed the fish in captivity, but the lengthy larval period of about two months in the open ocean is difficult to replicate in captivity.
# Odvardt Helmoldt von Lode

Odvardt Helmoldt von Lode, also Odvardt Helmoldt de Lode (c. 1726 – 3 September 1757), was a Danish painter and engraver.

## Early life

Lode was the son of the painter and engraver Gustav de Lode. He followed in his father's footsteps and became a painter in Viborg and later in Copenhagen and was first mentioned in documents in 1742. From 1743 on there were articles about him and his work in several magazines.

## Works

In 1745 he painted the frontispiece in Altona, Hamburg. He also engraved a series of portraits of notable people, including Tycho Brahe, Adam Gottlob Moltke, Ole Worm, Peter Tordenskjold, Ludvig Holberg (1752) and Johan Ludvig Holstein-Ledreborg (1757).

## Later life

In 1754 he married a wine merchant's daughter, Karen Nordrup. In 1755 he was awarded the Academy's silver medal. He was then commissioned to engrave the twelve Oldenburg kings. He completed Christian I of Denmark in 1757, but died the same year. His widow died in 1763.
# Abdelhak Aatkani

Abdelhak Aatakni (born 9 February 1988 in Aïn Sebaâ) is a Moroccan boxer. He competed at the 2012 Summer Olympics in the men's light welterweight, but was defeated in the first round by Richarno Colin of Mauritius.
# Ashraf Somali

Ashraf (Somali: Af-Ashraaf) is a speech variety of Somali spoken in the Marka district of the Lower Shebelle region and Banaadir region of southern Somalia.

## Classification

According to Blench (2006) there are two sub-dialects: Shingaani and Lower Shebelle. As noted in recent work on the speech variety, Green & Jones (2016):
   "What we hope to have illustrated in this talk is that while Marka (Af Ashraaf) may be similar in certain ways to both Northern Somali and Maay, it nonetheless boasts a number of unique properties, particularly in its morphology, that we believe merit its treatment not as a Somali or Maay dialect, but as a language variety of its own"
A similar level of skepticism towards the labelling of other Omo-Tana languages in Somalia (such as Maay, Dabarre, Jiddu) is expressed in Tosco (2012):
   "It is well-known that the term 'dialects' may refer to different 'things'. Within Somalia, it is safe to say that all the Somali dialects are 'dialects' from a sociolinguistic point of view, that is, in terms of their social role, their general absence in written media, and the speakers' acceptance of Northern-Central Somali as a common medium. From a strictly linguistic point of view, however, mutual comprehension should be assessed and dialects labelled accordingly (as mutually understandable varieties of a language). No classification so far does that."

## Phonology

The phonological inventory of Ashraaf is as follows:
Consonant phonemes :
| | Bilabial | Bilabial | Labio- dental | Dental | Alveolar | Alveolar | Post- alveolar (Palato- alveolar) | Retroflex | Palatal | Velar | Velar | Uvular | Pharyngeal | Glottal |
| Plosive | | b | | | t | d | | ɖ | | k | ɡ | | | ʔ |
| Fricative | (ɸ) | (β) | f | (ð) | s | | ʃ | | | | ɣ | χ | ħ ʕ | h |
| Nasal | | m | | | | n | | | | | | | | |
| Trill | | | | | | r | | | | | | | | |
| Approximant | | | | | | | | | j | | | | | |
| Lateral approximant | | | | | | l | | | | | | | | |
Vowels :
| | Front | Central | Back |
| Close | /i/, /iː/ | | /u/, /uː/ |
| Mid | /e/, /eː/ | | /o/, /oː/ |
| Open | | /a/, /aː/ | |
# R352 road (Ireland)

The R352 road is a regional road in Ireland, located in County Clare and County Galway.
# No Masters

No Masters is a British record label, based in the north of England, specialising in folk with a political edge.
The label was founded in 1990 by John Tams and Jim Boyes. Originally working as singer, John Tams is now famous as an actor in the TV series Sharpe. He does much of the production work of the label. Keyboard-player Jim Boyes is part of the trio Coope Boyes and Simpson. The best known recordings that have been issued on the label are by Chumbawamba, Coope Boyes and Simpson, Token Women and The Fraser Sisters. The songs address social issues, both historical and contemporary. Most of the artists named above have appeared at the 2006 Beverley Festival. In 2003, the BBC Radio 3 programme Late Junction broadcast a special edition on tracks from the label.
# Carroll Lane Fenton

Carroll Lane Fenton (February 12, 1900, Butler County, Iowa – November 16, 1969, New Brunswick, New Jersey) was a geologist, paleontologist, neoichnologist, and historian of science.

## Biography

Fenton was the author and illustrator of numerous books on geology and paleontology for a general audience. He published extensively in the field of paleontology in both the professional literature and in popular journals. He was an associate editor of the American Midland Naturalist from 1923 to 1960, expanding the coverage of the journal into the arena of paleontology.
As an undergraduate in geology at the University of Chicago Fenton met and married fellow undergraduate, Mildred Adams. (Many of his later books were written with his wife, as Mildred Adams Fenton). He received his Bachelor of Science in 1921, then his Doctor of Philosophy in 1926.
Fenton was a critic of creationism and documented the evidence for evolution in a series of Little Blue Books in the early 1920s.

## Publications

* A History of Evolution (Little Blue Book No. 321) (1922)
* Darwin as a Naturalist (Little Blue Book No. 567) (1924)
* Darwin and the Theory of Evolution (Little Blue Book No. 568) (1924)
* Haeckel's Monistic Philosophy (Little Blue Book No. 599) (1924)
* The Evidence for Evolution (Little Blue Book No. 694) (1924)
* Embryology and its Evidence for Evolution. (Little blue book No. 695) (1924)
* The Fitness of Life (Little Blue Book No. 799) (1925)
* Life Among the Apes and Monkeys (Little Blue Book No. 827) (1925)
* The World of Fossils (1933)
* Holiday Shore (written by Edith M. Patch with illustrations by Fenton) (1935)
* Life Long Ago: The Story of Fossils (1937)
* Our Amazing Earth (1938)
* The Rock Book (with Mildred Adams Fenton) (1940; updated 2003, with new material by Thomas H. Rich and Patricia Vickers-Rich)
* Earth's Adventures: The Story of Geology for Young People (1942)
* Mountains (with Mildred Adams Fenton) (1942)
* Our Living World (1943)
* The Land We Live On (with Mildred Adams Fenton) (1944)
* The Story of the Great Geologists (with Mildred Adams Fenton) (1945)
* Wild Folk at the Pond (1948); juv
* Worlds in the Sky (with Mildred Adams Fenton) (1950)
* Rocks and Their Stories (with Mildred Adams Fenton) (1951)
* Giants of Geology (1952)
* Wild Folk in the Woods (1952); juv
* Riches from the Earth (with Mildred Adams Fenton) (1953); juv
* Our Changing Weather (1954)
* Prehistoric World (1954; 1957)
* Plants That Feed Us (with Herminie B. Kitchen) (1956)
* The Fossil Book (with Mildred Adams Fenton) (1958)
* Wild Folk in the Desert (1958); juv
* Prehistoric Zoo (1959); juv
* Wild Folk at the Seashore (1959); juv
* Reptiles and Their World (1961)
* In Prehistoric Seas (with Mildred Adams Fenton) (1962); juv
* Birds We Live With (with Mildred Adams Fenton) (1963); juv
* The Moon for Young Explorers (with Mildred Adams Fenton) (1963)
* Tales Told by Fossils (1966)
* Animals That Help Us: The Story of Domestic Animals (1973)
# Erlan Sherov

Erlan Sherov (born 19 June 1998) is a judoka from Kyrgyzstan. He was a bronze medalist at the 2024 World Judo Championships.

## Career

Sherov won a silver medal in the 90 kg category at the 2022 Asian Championships in Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan in August 2022.
Sherov reached the final of the 90 kg category at the 2022 Asian Games in September 2023 where he won gold with a victory against Uzbekistan's Davlat Bobonov. In doing so, he became the first judoka in the history of the Kyrgyz Republic to claim gold at the Asian Games.
Sherov won bronze in the 90 kg category at the 2024 Asian Championships in Hong Kong in April 2024.
Sherov won bronze in the 90 kg at the 2024 World Championships in Abu Dhabi in May 2024. He became the first senior Kyrgyzstan male to win a medal at the Championships, and he achieved this despite competing at the event with a rib injury. That month he rose to fourth place in the Olympic rankings for the event. He was subsequently selected for the 2024 Summer Olympics.
# Stephen Muggleton

Stephen H. Muggleton (born 6 December 1959, son of Louis Muggleton) is Professor of Machine Learning and Head of the Computational Bioinformatics Laboratory at Imperial College London.

## Education

Muggleton received his Bachelor of Science degree in computer science (1982) and Doctor of Philosophy in artificial intelligence (1986) supervised by Donald Michie at the University of Edinburgh.

## Career

Following his PhD, Muggleton went on to work as a postdoctoral research associate at the Turing Institute in Glasgow (1987–1991) and later an EPSRC Advanced Research Fellow at Oxford University Computing Laboratory (OUCL) (1992–1997) where he founded the Machine Learning Group. In 1997 he moved to the University of York and in 2001 to Imperial College London.

## Research

Muggleton's research interests are primarily in Artificial intelligence. From 1997 to 2001 he held the Chair of Machine Learning at the University of York and from 2001 to 2006 the EPSRC Chair of Computational Bioinformatics at Imperial College in London. Since 2013 he holds the Syngenta/Royal Academy of Engineering Research Chair as well as the post of Director of Modelling for the Imperial College Centre for Integrated Systems Biology. He is known for founding the field of Inductive logic programming. In this field he has made contributions to theory introducing predicate invention, inverse entailment and stochastic logic programs. He has also played a role in systems development where he was instrumental in the systems Duce, Cigol, Golem, Progol and Metagol and applications – especially biological prediction tasks.
He worked on a Robot Scientist together with Ross D. King that is capable of combining Inductive Logic Programming with active learning. His present work concentrates on the development of Meta-Interpretive Learning, a new form of Inductive Logic Programming which supports predicate invention and learning of recursive programs.
# Great Mother

Great Mother may refer to:

## Goddesses

* Mother goddesses of various traditions, representing motherhood, fertility, creation, or the bounty of the Earth:
** Nammu, Sumerian creation goddess.
** Cybele, Roman goddess with the title Magna Mater (Latin for "Great Mother")
** Đạo Mẫu, in Vietnamese tradition
** Maia (mythology), Roman goddess
** Prajñāpāramitā Devi in Mahayana Buddhism, known as the "mother of Buddhas" or "Great Mother" (Tibetan: Yun Chenmo)
** Great Mother, an archetypal image in Analytical psychology

## Other uses

* The Great Mother, a book by psychologist Erich Neumann
* Great Mother (Dungeons & Dragons), a deity character in the Dungeons & Dragons role-playing game
* Great Father and Great Mother, titles used in North America during the 19th century in interactions with indigenous peoples to refer to various heads of state
# Janice Gregory

Janice Gregory (née Powell; born 10 January 1955) is a Welsh Labour politician, who represented the constituency of Ogmore from the time the National Assembly for Wales was established in 1999 to the election of 2016. Her main contribution to the Assembly has been through chairing the Social Justice and Regeneration Committee.

## Background

Gregory was born in Treorchy, the daughter of Raymond Powell, who was Labour Party Member of Parliament for Ogmore from 1979. She was educated at Bridgend Grammar School for Girls and worked as Constituency Secretary to her father from 1991, while also being active in the local Constituency Labour Party in which she was Women's Officer and Chair of the Ogmore Women's Forum. Several other members of the family were also active in Labour politics.

## Political Career

In 1999 Gregory was selected as Labour candidate for the Ogmore constituency, the same constituency as her father, for the 1999 Welsh assembly election. She easily picked up the seat and was appointed as a Labour group whip in the Assembly. Together with three other whips, Gregory resigned this position in February 2000 after Alun Michael resigned as First Minister. It was speculated that the three, being loyal to Michael, believed there was a plot against him, and were unwilling to work for Chief Whip Andrew Davies, who they felt was behind this plot. Shortly after she announced her support for Rhodri Morgan to replace Alun Michael.
Gregory rebelled against the Labour administration in June 2000 when she voted in favour of a building a landmark headquarters building for the Assembly. She called on former cabinet minister Ron Davies to resign when it was revealed he had applied for jobs outside politics without informing the Labour leadership.
When her father suddenly died in December 2001, Gregory immediately declined to seek selection to follow him. It was uncertain whether Gregory would be reselected herself, but she managed to survive and was re-elected in the 2003 election with a 6,504 majority.
In December 2005, she was cleared of breaches of the Assembly Code of Conduct, after alleging that a GP in her constituency using an 0870 national rate number was doing so to make "a fast buck". However, she was deemed to have failed to conduct herself in a proper manner.
After her re-election she was made Chair of the Social Justice and Regeneration Committee. She was described by the Western Mail as a "well below par performer by our reckoning" and given a rating of 4 marks out of ten in its assessment of the Assembly Members at the end of the 2003–07 term. However, she increased her majority in the 2007 election.
In December 2009, she was appointed to the role of Chief Whip by Carwyn Jones. She was re-elected at the 2011 Welsh Assembly election with a further increased majority.
She announced her intent to stand down at the 2016 Welsh Assembly election in 2015. Huw Irranca-Davies was selected to replace her as the Labour candidate for Ogmore. She in turn took his previous role as Labour's campaign co-ordinator for the 2016 Assembly election.
# Rahdar, Hormozgan

Rahdar (Persian: راهدار) is a village in, and the capital of, Rahdar Rural District of the Central District of Rudan County, Hormozgan province, Iran.

## Demographics
### Population

At the time of the 2006 National Census, the village's population was 141 in 31 households. The following census in 2011 counted 335 people in 85 households. The 2016 census measured the population of the village as 346 people in 101 households.