OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Athletics at the 2007 Pan American Games – Men's 4 × 100 metres relay

The men's 4 x 100 metres relay at the 2007 Pan American Games was held on July 27–28.

## Medalists

| Gold | Silver | Bronze |
| Brazil Vicente de Lima Rafael Ribeiro Basílio de Moraes Sandro Viana José Carlos Moreira* | Canada Richard Adu-Bobie Anson Henry Jared Connaughton Bryan Barnett | United States J-Mee Samuels Monzavous Edwards Rubin Williams Darvis Patton |

## Results
### Heats

Qualification: First 3 teams of each heat (Q) plus the next 2 fastest (q) qualified for the final.
| Rank | Heat | Nation | Athletes | Time | Notes |
| 1 | 2 | Canada | Richard Adu-Bobie, Anson Henry, Jared Connaughton, Bryan Barnett | 38.81 | Q |
| 2 | 2 | Brazil | Vicente de Lima, Rafael Ribeiro, Basílio de Moraes, José Carlos Moreira | 38.83 | Q |
| 3 | 1 | United States | J-Mee Samuels, Monzavous Edwards, Rubin Williams, Darvis Patton | 38.93 | Q |
| 4 | 1 | Trinidad and Tobago | Richard Thompson, Marc Burns, Emmanuel Callender, Mikel Thomas | 39.02 | Q |
| 5 | 1 | Netherlands Antilles | Prince Kwidama, Charlton Rafaela, Brian Mariano, Churandy Martina | 39.41 | Q |
| 6 | 1 | Cuba | Wilfredo Martínez, Yoan Frías, Michael Herrera, Jenris Vizcaino | 39.54 | q |
| 7 | 1 | Saint Kitts and Nevis | Allistar Clarke, Delwayne Delaney, Robert Morton, Kim Collins | 39.74 | q, NR |
| 8 | 2 | Bahamas | Shamar Sands, Troy McIntosh, Adrian Griffith, Jacobi Mitchell | 40.05 | Q |
| 9 | 2 | Argentina | José Manuel Garaventa, Mariano Jiménez, Miguel Wilken, Iván Altamirano | 40.38 | |
| 10 | 1 | Honduras | Ronald Bennett, Rolando Palacios, Jonnie Lowe, Kessel Campbell | 41.49 | |
| | 2 | Jamaica | | DNS | |

### Final

| Rank | Lane | Nation | Athletes | Time |
| | 3 | Brazil | Vicente de Lima, Rafael Ribeiro, Basílio de Moraes, Sandro Viana | 38.81 |
| | 4 | Canada | Richard Adu-Bobie, Anson Henry, Jared Connaughton, Bryan Barnett | 38.87 |
| | 5 | United States | J-Mee Samuels, Monzavous Edwards, Rubin Williams, Darvis Patton | 38.88 |
| 4 | 6 | Trinidad and Tobago | Mikel Thomas, Marc Burns, Emmanuel Callender, Keston Bledman | 39.23 |
| 5 | 8 | Cuba | Wilfredo Martínez, Jenris Vizcaino, Yoan Frías, Dayron Robles | 39.46 |
| 6 | 2 | Netherlands Antilles | Prince Kwidama, Charlton Rafaela, Brian Mariano, Churandy Martina | 39.83 |
| 7 | 7 | Bahamas | Shamar Sands, Troy McIntosh, Adrian Griffith, Jacobi Mitchell | 39.91 |
| 8 | 1 | Saint Kitts and Nevis | Allistar Clarke, Delwayne Delaney, Robert Morton, Kim Collins | 40.20 |
# General Ræder

General Ræder may refer to:
* Georg Ræder (1814–1898), Norwegian Army lieutenant general
* Jacques Ræder (1831–1920), Norwegian Army major general
* Johan Christopher Ræder (1859–1943), Norwegian Army major general
# Always (Atlantic Starr song)

"Always" is a song by American R&B group Atlantic Starr. The track was the second single from the group's seventh studio album All in the Name of Love (1987). The single was the biggest hit for Atlantic Starr; it peaked at number one on both the US Billboard Hot 100 and Billboard Hot Black Singles charts in June 1987, being the band's only number one song. The song also spent two weeks atop the U.S. adult contemporary chart. In July, it topped the Canadian RPM 100 national singles chart, where it remained for two weeks. The British Phonographic Industry (BPI) certified it silver.

## Music video

The official music video was directed by Jane Simpson.

## Certifications

Certifications for "Always" :
| Region | Certification | Certified units/sales |
| United Kingdom (BPI) | Silver | 250,000$^^$ |
| $^^$ Shipments figures based on certification alone. |||

## Cover versions and appearances

In 1994, Bobbie Eakes and Jeff Trachta included a cover version of the song on their album Bold and Beautiful Duets.
In 2000, pop act Boyz N Girlz United covered the song on their self-titled debut album.
In 2008, it was covered by Filipina singer-actress Iya Villania as a duet with Jay-R on her album Finally!.
Johnny Mathis recorded the song with Mone't on his album A Night to Remember.
MF Doom sampled "Always" for his song "Dead Bent", from his album Operation: Doomsday.
* The song appeared in That's Entertainment in 1987 for the Metro Manila Film Festival premiered in Ultra on December 27, 1987.
* The song also appears in Mii the episode In The Love.
* The song appeared in 1987 episodes of the daytime soap operas Another World, General Hospital, and Loving as well as 1988 episodes of All My Children and The Young and the Restless.
in 1988, Hong Kong singer George Lam covered this song in Cantonese.
* The song in Cantonese version appears as theme song in 1991 Radio Television Hong Kong (RTHK) Fiction Family 《小說家族》series 12 &13「Hey! Brother」named as 情在破滅時 (Break Up Moment) duet by 甄楚倩 (Yolinda Yan) and 杜德偉 (Alex Tao).
* The song was covered during the September 1, 1995 episode of The Bold and The Beautiful by Bobbie Eakes and Jeff Trachta following the wedding of their on-screen characters, Macy Alexander and Thorne Forrester.
* The song appears in the game Karaoke Revolution Party, and in the 2011 film, Diary of a Wimpy Kid: Rodrick Rules.
# British Society for Research into Learning Mathematics

The British Society for Research into Learning Mathematics is a United Kingdom association for people interested in research in mathematics education.

## Purpose

BSRLM organises the Special Interest Group (SIG) on mathematics education for the British Educational Research Association (BERA). It is a participating society of the Joint Mathematical Council (JMC), and has close connections with teacher associations through British Congress for Mathematics Education (BCME).

### Events

BSRLM organises a day conference each academic term (three times each year) where members present reports of recently completed studies, work in progress or more speculative thinking. There are also on-going workshops run on a collaborative basis to investigate issues in different areas of interest. The summer meeting is usually preceded by a new researchers’ day and the autumn meeting includes an AGM. Many members of BSRLM are also involved in the Congress of the European Society for Research in Mathematics Education (CERME), the International Group for the Psychology of Mathematics Education (IGPME) and other international research organisations.

### Publications

* Proceedings of meetings of the Society are available online several weeks after each day conference.
* A peer reviewed journal, Research in Mathematics Education (RME) published by Taylor and Francis three times a year. Each year the Janet Duffin Award is made to the author or authors judged to making the most outstanding contribution to the journal.

## Structure

The membership of BSRLM is made up mostly of researchers, students, teachers and education advisors. BSRLM is run by an elected executive committee of nine members. The current chair is Professor Jeremy Hodgen (University College London).

## Origins of BSRLM

In the late 1960s and early 1970s there was a number of teacher trainers and university lecturers in the UK, principally teaching mathematics and psychology, who became involved in research in the learning and teaching of mathematics, and in the movement to establish mathematics education as an academic discipline. Two groups who were meeting during this period were the Psychology of Mathematics Education Workshop, principally in London, and the British Society for the Psychology of Learning Mathematics, in locations in the Midlands. Since many individuals attended both of these groups, they eventually came together as BSRLM in January 1985.
# Aston Martin DBR5

The Aston Martin DBR5 (also known as DBR5/250) was a Formula One racing car, designed by the sports car manufacturer Aston Martin. Following the poor results of the Aston Martin DBR4 in the 1959 Formula One season the lighter and smaller DBR5 was intended to be quicker than its predecessor. However following poor results in 1960, Aston Martin decided to withdraw from Formula One, eventually returning in 2021.

## Design

The Aston Martin DBR5 was largely based on the 1959 car, the Aston Martin DBR4. It used the same basic chassis and engine layout. Improvements to the DBR5 made it smaller and lighter, and engine modifications meant that the power output was finally close to the figure originally claimed by the Aston Martin workshop. The DBR5 also boasted all-independent suspension.
But when that car also failed to provide competitive results against the strengthening rear mounted engined cars, Aston Martin abandoned Formula One to concentrate on their more successful sports car projects.
Two DBR5s were constructed in early 1960, but both were scrapped in 1961 following Aston Martin's withdrawal from Formula One.

## Complete Formula One World Championship results

(key)
| Year | Entrant | Engine | Tyres | Drivers | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | Points | WCC |
| 1960 | David Brown Corporation | Aston Martin DOHC straight-6 | D | | ARG | MON | 500 | NED | BEL | FRA | GBR | POR | ITA | USA | 0 | - |
| 1960 | David Brown Corporation | Aston Martin DOHC straight-6 | D | Roy Salvadori | | | | | | | Ret | | | | 0 | - |
| 1960 | David Brown Corporation | Aston Martin DOHC straight-6 | D | Maurice Trintignant | | | | | | | 11 | | | | 0 | - |
# Flip flap (association football)

The flip flap (also known as the elástico, akka, snakebite, and la culebrita) is a dribbling move, or feint, in football used to trick a defensive player into thinking the offensive player, in possession of the ball, is going to move in a direction they do not intend to. Players perform it by using the outside of their dominant foot to push the ball towards their dominant side, then quickly move the dominant foot around the ball and using the inside to push the ball to their non-dominant side. Although the footwork is the most distinctive aspect of the flip-flap, its success as a feint also relies heavily on the attacking player having an explosive acceleration from a stationary position.

## History

   "He (Sérgio Echigo) says now that he invented it, but I perfected it."
—Rivellino on the "flip flap"
The move was invented by the Brazilian-Japanese football player Sérgio Echigo. In 1964, Brazilian playmaker Rivellino learned the move from Echigo, who was his Corinthians teammate in the youth team, and performed it to a global audience during the 1970 FIFA World Cup. In an interview on the television series Football's Greatest in 2012, Rivellino stated "He [Echigo] says now that he invented it, but I perfected it". Pelé, Rivellino's national teammate, was never able to learn the move.
Rivellino was an idol to a number of players, and the trick was popularized early 1980s by Algerian Salah Assad (who developed his own flip flap, which he called "El Ghorraf", and which was executed while running with the ball, unlike Rivelino's), and also Peruvian Julio César Uribe; late 1990s and 2000s by high-profile players such as Romário, Ronaldo and Ronaldinho among others. In recent years, Portuguese footballer Cristiano Ronaldo and Brazilian footballer Neymar have also been known proponents of the move.
In Africa, especially Nigeria, the move has been referred to as a "Snakebite" or "Zigima" because of the in-and-out feet movement of the perpetrator. However, it is now more commonly called "The Gaúcho" – after Ronaldinho (Gaúcho).
In futsal, freestyle and street football, an aerial variation of the flip flap moves has been referred to as a "Akka". The "Akka" has several variations, and can be used in combos with pannas and other ground moves for doling out maximum punishment.
# Old Portage Road

Old Portage Road, also known as Old French Road and as French Portage Trail, was a Native American trail and later a road in present-day Chautauqua County, New York, that connected Lake Erie and Chautauqua Lake, and thereby the Great Lakes and the Mississippi River systems. Lake Erie is approximately 700 feet above sea level; the continental crest on this portage route between the St. Lawrence and Mississippi drainage basins is approximately 1500 feet above sea level.

## History

It is believed that Étienne Brûlé was the first European to use the trail in 1615. In 1749, an expedition under the command of Celeron de Bienville landed at the mouth of Chautauqua Creek on Lake Erie with the intent of claiming the Ohio Valley for the French.$^{:691}$ They hacked out a road to Chautauqua Lake through the forests that lined the trail on their way to the Allegheny River and thus to the Ohio River.
In 1753, an expedition of 1,000 men converted the wagon road into a military road, used to supply men and materiel to the series of fortifications built by the French along the Allegheny River - Fort Le Boeuf, Fort Machault, and Fort Duquesne. The trail fell into disuse after the start of the French and Indian War in 1754, when the focus of the war moved elsewhere.
The British briefly re-established the trail in 1782, during the latter stages of the American Revolutionary War when they used Chautauqua Lake as a staging area to assail Fort Pitt, then held by colonials. The plan was aborted once it became clear that such an attack would futile.
Remnants of the portage road remain to this day; most of the NY 394 highway between the two waterbodies is named Portage Street, and a loop road off NY 394 south of the village of Westfield is called Old Portage Road. The loop road follows the original crossing of Little Chautauqua Creek, and ends at an abandoned closed-spandrel arch bridge.
# Tartarian

Tartarian may be the adjective form of:
* Tartarus, a place in the underworld of Greek mythology
* Tartary, a historic name for much of Central and Northern Asia
* Tatars, several Turkic groups
* Tatar languages, several Turkic languages with the name
# Yoakum (surname)

Yoakum is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Benjamin Franklin Yoakum (1859–1929), American railroad executive
* Charles Henderson Yoakum (1849–1909), U.S. Representative from Texas.
* Joseph Elmer Yoakum (1890–1972), self-taught artist of African-American and Native American descent
* Delmer J. Yoakum (1915–1996), American artist
* Henderson King Yoakum (1810–1856), Texas historian
# Qortem Zer'a

The Qortem Zer’a is a river of the Nile basin. Rising in the mountains of Dogu’a Tembien in northern Ethiopia, it flows westward to empty finally in the Weri’i and Tekezé River.

## Characteristics

It is an ephemeral river, mostly meandering in its alluvial plain, with an average slope gradient of 34 metres per kilometre.

## Flash floods and flood buffering

Runoff mostly happens in the form of high runoff discharge events that occur in a very short period (called flash floods). These are related to the steep topography, often little vegetation cover and intense convective rainfall. The peaks of such flash floods have often a 50 to 100 times larger discharge than the preceding baseflow. The magnitude of floods in this river has, however, been decreased due to interventions in the catchment. Physical conservation structures such as stone bunds and check dams intercept runoff. On many steep slopes, exclosures have been established; the dense vegetation largely contributes to enhanced infiltration, less flooding and better baseflow.

## Irrigated agriculture

Besides springs and reservoirs, irrigation is strongly dependent on the river's baseflow. Such irrigated agriculture is important in meeting the demands for food security and poverty reduction. Irrigated lands are established in the alluvial plain along the river, particularly west of Getski Melesiley.

## Transhumance towards the gorge

Transhumance takes place in the summer rainy season, when the lands near the villages in the uplands and the lowlands are occupied by crops. Young shepherds will take the village cattle to the slopes at the river headwaters.

## Boulders and pebbles in the river bed

Boulders and pebbles encountered in the river bed can originate from any location higher up in the basin. In the uppermost stretches of the river, only rock fragments of the upper lithological units will be present in the river bed, whereas more downstream one may find a more comprehensive mix of all lithologies crossed by the river. From upstream to downstream, the following lithological units occur in the catchment.
                              * Upper basalt
                              * Interbedded lacustrine deposits
                              * Lower basalt
                              * Amba Aradam Formation
                              * Adigrat Sandstone
                              * Edaga Arbi Glacials

## From upper to lower Tembien

During its course, this river passes through two woredas. On the various parts:
* The headwaters are in Dogu’a Tembien
* Most of the lower plain is in Kola Tembien

## Trekking along the river

Trekking routes have been established across and along this river. The tracks are not marked on the ground but can be followed using downloaded .GPX files.
* Trek 5, along upper part of the river
* Trek S3, along the lower part, potentially down to Tekezé River
In the rainy season, flash floods may occur and it is advised not to follow the river bed. In the lower part, it may be impossible to cross the river in the rainy season.

## Gallery

* Qortem Zer’a near Imba K’ernale mountain
* View over Qortem Zer’a towards May Baha
# Marden, South Australia

Marden is a suburb of Adelaide, South Australia in the City of Norwood Payneham St Peters. The suburb is bordered by the River Torrens to the north, O.G. Rd to the east, Payneham Rd to the south and Battams Rd to the west.

## History

The Marden suburb grew out of ribbon development on Payneham Road, providing services to people travelling between Athelstone and the city of Adelaide. The suburb was the 'silent partner' in the development of Payneham, the suburb to the south, which eventually gave name to the council area. The suburb has a rich history of market gardening on the flats area, near the River Torrens boundary, having a fresh water supply via Third Creek and the Torrens River.
It became part of the Payneham Council, housing the council chambers on the corner of O.G. Road and Payneham Road. It was absorbed into the Norwood and St Peters Council amalgamation in the 1990s.
Some buildings in the area date from the pre-Federation era but most development was completed in the post-World War Two decades. Housing blocks south of Lower Portrush Road have a high concentration of unit and flats, especially in the Broad Street vicinity.

## Services

The suburb holds a number of services within its boundaries. These include: Payneham Swimming Pool; several churches (Anglican, Uniting) and a Christatdelphian Temple Marden Shopping Centre;
# Alkalihalobacillus miscanthi

Alkalihalobacillus miscanthi is a Gram-positive, aerobic, endospore-forming and rod-shaped bacterium from the genus Alkalihalobacillus which has been isolated from the rhizosphere of the grass Miscanthus sacchariflorus.
# British Society for the History of Mathematics

The British Society for the History of Mathematics (BSHM) was founded in 1971 to promote research into the history of mathematics at all levels and to further the use of the history of mathematics in education.
The BSHM is concerned with all periods and cultures, and with all aspects of mathematics. It participates in the Joint Mathematical Council of the United Kingdom.
The Society's journal, the British Journal for the History of Mathematics, is published on behalf of BSHM by Taylor & Francis.

## Neumann Prize

The Neumann prize is awarded biennially by the BSHM for "a book in English (including books in translation) dealing with the history of mathematics and aimed at a broad audience." The prize was named in honour of Peter M. Neumann, who was a longstanding supporter of and contributor to the society. It carries an award of £600.The previous winners are:
* 2023: Casanova's Lottery: The History of a Revolutionary Game of Chance, Stephen M. Stigler
* 2021: The Flying Mathematicians of World War I, Tony Royle
* 2019: Going Underground, Martin Beech
* 2017: A Mind at Play, Jimmy Soni & Rob Goodman
* 2015: The Thrilling Adventures of Lovelace and Babbage, Sydney Padua.
* 2013: The History of Mathematics: A Very Short Introduction, Jacqueline Stedall.
* 2011: The Math Book, Clifford A. Pickover.
* 2009: The Archimedes Codex, Reviel Netz and William Noel.

## Other prizes

* HiMEd Awards
* LMS-BSHM Hirst Prize (jointly awarded by the London Mathematical Society and the BSHM)
* Schools Prize
* Taylor and Francis Early Career Research Prize
* Undergraduate Essay Prize

## Presidents of the BSHM

* 1971–1973: Gerald Whitrow
* 1974–1976: Clive Kilmister
* 1977–1979: John Dubbey
* 1980–1982: Graham Flegg
* 1983–1985: Frank Smithies
* 1986–1988: Ivor Grattan-Guinness
* 1989–1991: Eric Aiton
* 1992–1994: John Fauvel
* 1995–1996: Steve Russ
* 1997–1999: Judith V. Field
* 2000–2002: Peter Neumann
* 2003–2005: June Barrow-Green
* 2006–2008: Raymond Flood
* 2009–2011: Tony Mann
* 2012–2014: Robin Wilson
* 2015 - 2017: Philip Beeley
* 2018 - 2020: Mark McCartney
* 2021 - 2023: Sarah B. Hart
* 2023 : Christopher Hollings
# Šilai, Jonava

Šilai is a village in Jonava district municipality, in Kaunas County, in central Lithuania. According to the 2011 Lithuania census, the village has a population of 347 people. Administrative centre of Šilai Eldership.

## Famous villagers

* Simonas Martynas Kosakovskis, Polish-Lithuanian nobleman (szlachcic), and one of the leaders of the Targowica Confederation.
* Juozapas Kazimieras Kosakovskis, bishop of Livonia from 1781, political activist, writer, and supporter of Russian Empire.
# Walpole Cross Keys

Walpole Cross Keys is a village and civil parish in the English county of Norfolk. It covers an area of 4.03 km$^2$ (1.56 sq mi) and had a population of 469 in 182 households at the 2001 census, the population increasing to 518 at the 2011 census. For the purposes of local government, it falls within the district of King's Lynn and West Norfolk. Walpole Cross Keys' Primary School received a 'good' rating from Ofsted following a short inspection in 2019.
Walpole railway station, closed in 1959, was within the parish.
# The Longest Day (album)

The Longest Day is the 1984 debut album by the Del Fuegos.

## Personnel

The Del Fuegos:
* Dan Zanes - lead vocals, guitar
* Warren Zanes - guitar
* Tom Lloyd - bass, vocals
* Brent "Woody" Giessmann - drums, vocals
Additional personnel:
* Jorge Bermudez - percussion
* Mitchell Froom - keyboards
# Oliver Jones (visual effects artist)

Oliver Jones is a British special effects supervisor. Known for his works at LAIKA as a visual effects supervisor in acclaimed films such as Coraline (2009), ParaNorman (2012), and Kubo and the Two Strings for which he received Academy Award for Best Visual Effects nomination at 89th Academy Awards, that he shared with Steve Emerson, Brian McLean, and Brad Schiff.

## Filmography

| Year | Title | Notes |
| 2005 | Corpse Bride | (modeller) |
| 2009 | Fantastic Mr. Fox | (puppet model rigger) |
| 2009 | Coraline | (model rigger: animation) |
| 2012 | ParaNorman | (animation rigging supervisor) |
| 2016 | Kubo and the Two Strings | (animation rigging supervisor) |