# Jalaun

Jalaun is a city and a municipal board in Jalaun district in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh.

## History

In early times Jalaun seems to have been the home of kurmi clans, the jalaunya kurmi in the east and the Kachwahas in the west. The village Garghgawan was the estate of the Bhadauria clan, the historic monument of this clan still exists in this village. The town of Kalpi on the Yamuna was conquered by the armies of Muhammad Ghori in 1196. In the early 14th century, the Bundelas occupied the greater part of Jalaun and even succeeded in holding the fortified post of Kalpi. That important possession was soon recovered by the Delhi Sultanate and was then passed on to the Mughal Empire. Akbar's governors at Kalpi maintained a nominal authority over the surrounding district, and the Bundela chiefs were in a state of chronic revolt, which culminated in the war of independence under Maharaja Chhatrasal. On the outbreak of his rebellion in 1671, he occupied a large province to the south of the Yamuna. Setting out from this base, and assisted by the Marathas, he conquered the whole of Bundelkhand. On his death in 1732 he bequeathed one-third of his dominions to his Maratha allies, who before long succeeded in annexing the whole of Bundelkhand. Jalaun flourished under the administration of The Great Warrior Shreenath Mahadji Shinde.
In 1803 Kalpi was captured by the British. Jalaun State became a British protectorate in 1806. But in 1840, on the death of Raja Nana Gobindrao without descendants, it was annexed to British India by virtue of the doctrine of lapse. Various interchanges of territory took place, and in 1856 the boundaries of the British district were substantially settled, with an area of 1,477 square miles (3,830 km$^2$).
Jalaun was the scene of much violence during the Indian Rebellion of 1857. When the news of the uprising at Kanpur reached Kalpi, the soldiers of the 53rd Native Infantry deserted their officers, and in June the Jhansi rebels reached the district, and began their murder of the white European invaders. It was not until September 1858 that the rebels were finally defeated. In the later 19th century, the district suffered much from the invasive kans grass (Saccharum spontaneum), owing to the spread of which many villages were abandoned and their land is thrown out of cultivation. The population of the district was 399,726 in 1901, and the two largest towns were Konch and Kalpi (pop. 10,139 in 1901). The district was traversed by the line of the Indian Midland railway from Jhansi to Kanpur. A small part of it is watered by the Betwa Canal. Grain, oil-seeds, cotton and ghee were exported. According to History the British Jalaun in the year 1840 state of the Maratha merger by its territory was taken intact Pargana Orai-Jalaun Aata and Mahoba instructed to own its rights and even received it. Jalaun District of Jalaun becoming the first phase can be said. there are two types stories about name Jalaun, According to first one in Jalaun territory, there was dense net of forests because in Hindi forests known as 'Wan'and net means 'Jal'. so JALAUN got its name JAlwan. By the time it changed as 'JALAUN'. The second story tells that Jalaun named after a saint 'Jalana'. Jalaun is the city which has its headquarters in Orai. that's why Jalaun is still struggling for basic needs of Railways, Roadways stands, Industrial areas, educational hubs, Good leadership, Employment.

## Geography

Jalaun is located at 26°09′N 79°21′E﻿ / ﻿26.15°N 79.35°E﻿ / 26.15; 79.35. It has an average elevation of 144 metres (472 feet). It's connected to Barguwan village by bus.

## Demographics

As of 2011 India census, Jalaun has population of 56,909 of which 30,070 are males while 26,839 are females. The population of Children with age of 0-6 is 7146 which is 12.56% of total population of Jalaun (NPP). In Jalaun Nagar Palika Parishad, Female Sex Ratio is of 893 against state average of 912. Moreover Child Sex Ratio in Jalaun is around 938 compared to Uttar Pradesh state average of 902. Literacy rate of Jalaun city is 77.58% higher than state average of 67.68%. In Jalaun, Male literacy is around 84.19% while female literacy rate is 70.13%.
Jalaun Nagar Palika Parishad has total administration over 9,560 houses to which it supplies basic amenities like water and sewerage. It is also authorize to build roads within Nagar Palika Parishad limits and impose taxes on properties coming under its jurisdiction.

## Main crops

* Wheat
* Green Pea
* Menthol
* Pulse (Tuar/Pigeopea, Urad, Masoor/Lentil, Gram/Chickpea etc.)