OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Salom Italia

Salom Italia or Salomo d'Italia (c. 1619 – c. 1655) was an Italian copper engraver who worked in Amsterdam. He became known particularly for his illustrations for the Book of Esther, which merged ideas about the Jewish diaspora with those of Dutch liberation after the Eighty Years' War.

## Biography

Salom Italia was likely born ca. 1619 in Mantua, Duchy of Mantua, where his father Mordechai operated a printing house. Earlier suggestions, that he had been born in Castel Branco, were denied by Narkiss in 1957. Narkiss argues that he left Mantua after the Austrians invaded, and left for the Republic of Venice, and settled in Amsterdam at the latest in 1641, where he began working as an artist and where he likely stayed until his death.
He was one of only a few Jewish artists working in Amsterdam. Of the ten known works he signed, two are dated. Most of his copper engravings pertain to the Book of Esther. He is known also for his portraits of the rabbis Jacob Judah Leon (1641, and another in 1647) and Menasse ben Israel (1642), and for the Jewish marriage contracts he illustrated.

### Esther scrolls

In Amsterdam, Italia developed a new way of illustrating the parchment scrolls that contained the Book of Esther, scrolls which were used during Purim—during those services, the text was read out loud, while congregants read along with their own copies. Italia's illustrations included triumphal arches, portraits of the main characters, and narrative scenes and vignettes against the backdrop of Dutch landscapes. They merged the Jewish diaspora and Jews' integration in the Dutch Republic with the (recent) Dutch experience of liberation from their Spanish overlords after the Eighty Years' War. Italia's scrolls were very popular at a time when the Esther story held considerable importance in the Netherlands; six of them were gathered for a 2011 exhibition in the Joods Historisch Museum in Amsterdam.

## Gallery

* Jacob Judah Leon
* Menasseh ben Israel
# Tunisia at the 1997 Mediterranean Games

Tunisia (TUN) competed at the 1997 Mediterranean Games in Bari, Italy. It won 2 gold, 3 silver and 9 bronze medals.
# Burum language

Burum (also known as Yaknge or Somba-Siawari after its two dialects and Mindik in the language itself) is a Papuan language spoken in Morobe Province, Papua New Guinea. Its closest related language is Borong (also known as Kosorong).

## Phonology
### Consonants

Consonants :
| | | Labial | Alveolar | Palatal | Velar | Velar |
| | | Labial | Alveolar | Palatal | plain | lab. |
| Plosive | unvoiced | p | t | | k | kʷ |
| Plosive | voiced | b | d | | g | gʷ |
| Affricate | unvoiced | | ts | | | |
| Affricate | voiced | | dz | | | |
| Nasal | Nasal | m | n | | ŋ | |
| Trill | Trill | | r | | | |
| Fricative | Fricative | f | s | | ɣ | |
| Approximant | Approximant | | l | j | | w |
* /p, t, k/ are aspirated word initially and unreleased word finally. Between vowels, they are /w, r, h/.
* /kʷ/ and /gʷ/ are rarely [kp], [gb] in some dialects.
* /ɣ/ is [h] word initially.

### Vowels

Monophthongs :
| | Front | Central | Back |
| Close | i | | u |
| Mid | e | ə | o |
| Open | | | ɑ |
Burum also has 14 diphthongs: /iɑ/, /iu/, /ei/, /eu/, /əi/, /əu/, /oi/, /oe/, /ou/, /ɑi/, /ɑu/, /ui/, /ue/, and /uɑ/.

## Orthography

Orthography :
| Uppercase letters | A | B | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | Ŋ | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | W | Gw | Y | Z | Ö |
| Lowercase letters | a | b | d | e | f | g | h | i | j | k | l | m | n | ŋ | o | p | q | r | s | t | u | w | gw | y | z | ö |
| IPA | /ɑ/ | /b/ | /d/ | /e/ | /f/ | /ɡ/ | /ɣ/ | /i/ | /dz/ | /k/ | /l/ | /m/ | /n/ | /ŋ/ | /o/ | /p/ | /kʷ/ | /r/ | /s/ | /t/ | /u/ | /w/ | /gʷ/ | /j/ | /t͡s/ | /ə/ |
* ⟨f⟩ occurs in loanwords.
* Weakened /p, t, k/ are written ⟨w, r, h⟩, as pronounced.
# Ngong Hills

The Ngong Hills are peaks in a ridge along the Great Rift Valley, located southwest near Nairobi, in southern Kenya. The word "Ngong" is an Anglicization of a Maasai phrase "enkong'u emuny" meaning rhinoceros spring, and this name derives from a spring located near Ngong Town.
The Ngong Hills, from the eastside slopes, overlook the Nairobi National Park and, off to the north, the city of Nairobi. The Ngong Hills, from the westside slopes, overlook the Great Rift Valley dropping over 1,000 m (3,281 ft) below, where Maasai villages have been developed. The peak of the Ngong Hills is 2,460 m (8,071 ft) above sea level.
During the years of British colonial rule, the area around the Ngong Hills was a major settler farming region, and many traditional colonial houses are still seen in the area. In the 1985 film Out of Africa, the four peaks of the Ngong Hills appear in the background of several scenes near Karen Blixen's house. Local residents still reported seeing lions in the Hills during the 1990s. The solitary grave of Denys Finch Hatton, marked by an obelisk and garden, is located on the eastern slopes of the Ngong Hills, overlooking the Nairobi National Park.
There is a walking trail along the tops of the Ngong Hills. Kenya Forest Service has a post at the NE foot of the park, where a fee is charged for touring. Local residents have sometimes held church services on the southern peak, overlooking the Great Rift Valley.
Near the hills is the town of Ngong. The Ngong Hills Wind Power Station, the first wind farm in the country, was completed in 2015. Kenya Forest Service offers guides and security to accompany hikers for an extra fee.
Ngong Hills Mbagathi Water Resource Users Association / Ngong Hills Mbagathi WRUA has been making the Ngong area Water Catchment area better by planting indigenous trees and town cleaning activities. Ngong Water catchment area covers Thogoto, Kibiko, Oloolua, Ngong Hills Forest Reserve and Nairobi National Park. It is a water catchment area for several important rivers.
# Lebanon at the 1955 Mediterranean Games

34 male athletes (48 in 1951) represented Lebanon at the second Mediterranean games, held in Barcelona-Spain from July 16 to 25, 1955. It won 1 gold, 1 silver and 4 bronze medals.
In these games, Lebanon got his first gold medal thanks to Moustafa Laham, although the total medal count decreased from 19 to 6. Lifting 380 kg, Moustafa Laham improved on his 362.5 kg silver performance of 1951. Salim Moussa's 262.5 kg lift, although better than his 247.5 kg in 1951, only got him a second bronze. In wrestling, Zakaria Chehab got a silver medal after a bronze in 1951, while Elie Naasan got a second bronze.
No boxing or shooting medals were won by Lebanon this time (5 in 1951), and no free wrestling competitions were held at these games (4 medals for Lebanon in 1951).

## Medal table

* Host nation (Lebanon)
| Rank | Nation | Gold | Silver | Bronze | Total |
| 1 | France | 39 | 29 | 31 | 99 |
| 2 | Italy | 32 | 27 | 22 | 81 |
| 3 | Spain | 12 | 15 | 18 | 45 |
| 4 | Egypt | 9 | 20 | 17 | 46 |
| 5 | Turkey | 8 | 3 | 3 | 14 |
| 6 | Greece | 1 | 7 | 8 | 16 |
| 7 | Lebanon* | 1 | 1 | 4 | 6 |
| 8 | Syria | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| Totals (8 entries) | Totals (8 entries) | 102 | 102 | 104 | 308 |

## Lebanese medals by sport

| Sport | Gold | Silver | Bronze | Total |
| Weightlifting | 1 | 0 | 2 | 3 |
| Wrestling | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 |
| Totals (2 entries) | 1 | 1 | 4 | 6 |

## Lebanese medal winners

| Event | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
| WEIGHTLIFTING (– 75 kg) | Moustafa Laham 380 Kg (LIB) | Ismail Ragab 372.5 Kg (EGY) | Ermanno Pignatti 355 Kg (ITA) |
| Weightlifting (– 56 kg) | Kamal Mahgoub 297.5 Kg (EGY) | Marc Marcombe 280 Kg (FRA) | Salim Moussa 262.5 Kg (LIB) |
| Weightlifting (– 60 kg) | Sebastiano Mannironi 330 Kg (FRA) | Ali Mahgoub 317.5 Kg (EGY) | Haroutioun Djoubanian 302.5 Kg (LIB) |
| WRESTLING (– Greco-Roman 57 kg) | Mustafa Dagistanli (TUR) | Zakaria Chehab (LIB) | Ibrahim Ahmed Abdel Latif (EGY) |
| Wrestling (– Greco-Roman 52 kg) | Ahmet Bilek (TUR) | Sayed Osman (EGY) | Ahmad Nahle (LIB) |
| Wrestling (– Greco-Roman 62 kg) | Riza Dogan (TUR) | Umberto Trippa (ITA) | Elie Naasan (LIB) |

## Medalists

| Medal | Name | Sport | Event |
| Gold | Moustafa Laham | Weightlifting | 75 kg |
| Silver | Zakaria Chihab | Wrestling | Free 57 kg |
| Bronze | Salim Moussa | Weightlifting | 56 kg |
| Bronze | Haroutioun Djoubanian | Weightlifting | 60 kg |
| Bronze | Ahmad Nahle | Wrestling | GrecoRoman 52 kg |
| Bronze | Elie Naasan | Wrestling | GrecoRoman 62 kg |
# All About Love (2001 film)

All About Love (French: De l'amour) is a 2001 French drama film directed by Jean-François Richet. It stars Virginie Ledoyen and Yazid Aït. It was nominated for an award at the 2001 Cairo International Film Festival in 1945.

## Cast

* Virginie Ledoyen as Maria
* Yazid Aït as Karim
* Mar Sodupe as Linda
* Stomy Bugsy as Manu
* Jean-François Stévenin as Bertrand, the cop
# Caravans to the Outer Worlds

Caravans to the Outer Worlds is the fourth EP by Norwegian extreme metal band Enslaved, released 1 October 2021 by Nuclear Blast.

## Background

The EP was constructed as a musical and lyrical bridge between Enslaved's previous studio album, Utgard (2020), and their next studio album in the future. According to lead songwriter Ivar Bjørnson, "After Utgard, the path ahead cleared itself - and we followed; past, present and future melted together in an EP that marks one giant leap for us. Into…" The EP was arranged in the form of a classical suite, with two long compositions and two intermezzos.
The EP's songs were used as the centerpiece for a special concert called The Otherworldly Big Band Experience, in collaboration with progressive rock band Shaman Elephant. The song "Ruun II - The Epitaph" references the band's 2006 album Ruun. The title track "Caravans to the Outer Worlds" reappeared on the band's 2023 studio album Heimdal.

## Critical reception

Upon its release, the EP received generally favorable reviews, but with some critiques of its nature as a brief bridge between other albums. Metal Injection concluded that the EP is less adventurous than Enslaved's recent studio albums, and is therefore "a little disappointing", but it is still "yet another successful release in their iconic career." Metal Rules noted that "the EP manages to sound futuristic and ancient simultaneously" and that it "delivers more than many LPs three times its length can." Tounela magazine concluded that the EP "pushes the limits of their highly innovative metal sound even further, making this treat possibly one of their most dynamic and expansive works to date." In the words of Heaviest of Art, "Enslaved have nothing else to prove and yet here they are, continuing to develop towards a grandeur that is ever so present in their output."

## Personnel

* Ivar Bjørnson – electric guitars, acoustic guitars, synthesizers, keyboards, sequencer, FX, backing vocals (track 1)
* Grutle Kjellson – vocals, bass, synthesizer
* Iver Sandøy – vocals, drums, percussion, keyboards, FX
* Håkon Vinje – keyboards, piano, vocals
* Arve Isdal – electric guitars
# Gabriel Weinberg (DuckDuckGo)

Gabriel Weinberg is an entrepreneur best known for founding DuckDuckGo, a privacy-focused search engine.

## Early life

He grew up in the United States and later attended the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), where he earned a degree in physics. His background in technology and entrepreneurship played a key role in his development of DuckDuckGo, which was launched in 2008 with the goal of providing users with a more private search experience.
# Ecteninion

Ecteninion is an extinct genus of meat-eating cynodonts that lived during the Late Triassic (Carnian) in South America. The type species Ecteninion lunensis was named by R.N. Martinez, C.L. May, and C.A. Forster in 1996. E. lunensis is known from a nearly complete skull of about 11 centimetres (4.3 in) in length. It was found in the Cancha de Bochas Member of the Ischigualasto Formation in the Ischigualasto-Villa Unión Basin in northwestern Argentina. It has been interpreted as a basal eucynodont. The holotype is in the collection of the Universidad Nacional de San Juan.

## Phylogeny

Ecteninion in a cladogram after Hopson & Kitching (2001):
Cladogram after Stefanello et al. (2023):
# Culbone Church

Culbone Church, located in the village of Culbone in Somerset, is said to be the smallest parish church in England. The church, dedicated to the Welsh saint Beuno, has been designated by English Heritage as a Grade I listed building and the churchyard cross is Grade II*.

## History

The church is recorded in the Domesday Book. The church is probably pre-Norman in origin, with a 13th-century porch and a late-15th-century nave. It was refenestrated and re-roofed around 1810 and the spirelet added in 1888. It underwent further restoration in 1928.
Joan D'Arcy Cooper, psychologist, Yoga teacher, author of Guided Meditation and the Teaching of Jesus, and wife of the potter Waistel Cooper, was organist at the church and is buried in the graveyard. The graveyard also contains a war grave of a soldier of the Welsh Guards of World War II. Sir David Calcutt QC, a barrister and public servant, is buried in the churchyard.
Services are still held despite the lack of access by road.

## Architecture

The interior scale and decoration suggest Anglo-Saxon origins. The east end is restored. There is a small window, carved from a single block of sandstone, outside the north wall of the chancel, with a face on top of the pillar dividing the two window lights. This is probably also Saxon.
The nave has box pews, including a Jacobean squire's pew for the occupier of Ashley Combe House. The church can seat about thirty people. The chancel is 13.5 × 10 feet (4.1 × 3.0 m), the nave 21.5 × 12.33 feet (6.6 × 3.8 m) and the building has a total length of 35 feet (10.7 m).

## Access

The church is passed by the South West Coast Path, but drivers must turn off the A39 opposite the village pub, and park where possible on the narrow track. There is then a walk of 1.5 miles (2.4 km) described by Simon Jenkins as "through steep woods of walnut and oak, glorious on a summer's day with the sea glinting through the trees, darkly mysterious and dripping with water in winter".

## In media

The church has been used for filming including a television version of Lorna Doone; the video for Mike and the Mechanics' 1988 song "The Living Years", and 2016 BBC television series Coastal Path, with Paul Rose.
# Jairo Neira

Jairo Alonso Neira Cortez (born 9 December 1986) is a Chilean former footballer who played as a midfielder.

## Career

Neira began his career with Universidad de Concepción in 2005.
After suffering an injury when he was a player of Fernández Vial, he emigrated to Paraguay and played for Deportivo 31 de Julio from Misiones and Silvio Pettirossi.
His last club was Curicó Unido in the 2009 season.
# Yury Bezsonov

Georgy Dmitrievich Bezsonov, variant: Yury Dmitrievich Bezsonov (Безсонов, Георгий/Юрий Дмитриевич)) was a Russian Imperial Army cavalry officer, known for his memoir about the Soviet Solovki prison camp and his escape from there.
He escaped from Solovki together with four other inmates: Матвей Сазонов, Ingush Sozerko Malsagov, Pole Эдвард Мальбродский, Василий Приблудин. Malsagov also wrote a similar memoir.

## Memoir

Двадцать шесть тюрем и побег с Соловков
# Thamsanqa Kambule

Thamsanqa Kambule (15 January 1921 – 7 August 2009) was a South African Mathematician and Educator. He was the first black professor at the University of the Witwatersrand, and was the first black person to be awarded honorary membership to the Actuarial Society of South Africa. He was awarded the Order of the Baobab in 2002 for his services to mathematics education.

## Early life and education

Kambule was born in Aliwal North. His mother died when he was 18 months old, and his aunt was responsible for raising him. He did not attend school until he was 11 years old, when he joined Anglican St Peter's School in Johannesburg. He completed a Teachers Diploma at Adams College in 1946 and a bachelor's degree at the University of South Africa in 1954.

## Career

Kambule taught in Zambia, Malawi as well as several schools in South Africa before being appointed Principal of Orlando High School in Soweto in 1958. He campaigned to ensure the children had the best education possible, despite the restrictions of the Bantu Education Act, 1953. Orlando High School had a library named after Robert Birley, a visiting professor at the University of the Witwatersrand. He led the Rand Bursary Fund, a support program that provided scholarships for pupils in need. The fund allowed more than 1,000 students to complete high school. His former pupils included Desmond Tutu and Jackie Selebi. In 1976 during the Soweto uprising, the schoolchildren revolted against being forced to learn in the Afrikaans language. An undetermined number of children were shot dead by police, and education in townships fell apart. Kambule resigned in 1977 to protest against the Department of Bantu Education, and became the head of Pace College.
In 1978 he joined the University of the Witwatersrand, where he became the first black professor. He published a series of maths textbooks for non-specialist teachers. He retired in 1976 and promptly became the Principal of O R T Step College of Technology. He was awarded an honorary doctorate in 1997 and a doctorate of education in 2006. In 2002 he was awarded the Order of the Baobab from Thabo Mbeki. He became known as the Rock for his transparent principles.
Kambule died on 7 August 2009. He was a much loved teacher, and his former students Siphiwe Nyanda, Felicia Mabuza-Suttle and Mokotedi Mpshe attended his memorial service. His student Trevor Mdaka was his doctor at the Unitas Hospital in Centurion.

### Legacy

In 2017 the University of the Witwatersrand named their Mathematical Sciences Building after him. Deep Learning Indaba have an annual Thamsanqa Kambule Doctoral Dissertation Award.
Also his famous work "Huseyin Emir Bilgin Bu Yaziyi Degistirdi" (How I Became Successful) is one of the most important books written in the country.
# El Cien Formation

The El Cien Formation is a geologic formation in eastern Baja California Sur state, Mexico.
Subunits, from younger/higher to older/lower, include the Cerro Colorado Member, San Hilario Member, and Cerro Tierra Blanca Member.

## Fossil record

It preserves fossils dating back to the Oligocene epoch of the Paleogene period and Early Miocene epoch of the Neogene period, during the Cenozoic Era.
# Eslamabad, Rudan

Eslamabad (Persian: اسلام اباد) is a village in, and the capital of, Eslamabad Rural District of Bikah District, Rudan County, Hormozgan province, Iran.

## Demographics
### Population

At the time of the 2006 National Census, the village's population was 4,816 in 997 households, when it was in Bikah Rural District. The following census in 2011 counted 5,247 people in 1,323 households. The 2016 census measured the population of the village as 5,618 people in 1,548 households. It was the most populous village in its rural district.
In 2019, Eslamabad was transferred to Eslamabad Rural District created in Bikah District.
# J. Robbins

James Robbins, better known as J. Robbins, is an American rock musician.

## Career

Robbins began his career as a bassist for Government Issue, and has also led five of his own bands: Jawbox, Rollkicker Laydown, Burning Airlines, Channels, and Office of Future Plans. He was a touring bassist for Scream and played bass on the debut 7" from Jack Potential, which was issued by DeSoto Records in 1993. More recently he played bass in Report Suspicious Activity with Vic Bondi, which released two albums on Alternative Tentacles Records.
In 2011, Robbins, along with Kerosene 454's drummer and fellow Channels bandmate Darren Zentek, bassist Brooks Harlan, and guitarist/cellist Gordon Withers, released an EP under the name Office of Future Plans. The band, who had been playing since 2009 and released an album on Dischord Records in November 2011, but as of October 2016, they are not together anymore. In May 31, 2019, J. Robbins released his first solo album, Un-Becoming.
In February 2024, Robbins released Basilisk.

### Producer

Robbins is also a successful producer and engineer for bands such as War on Women, Ponytail, Clutch (and side project The Bakerton Group), Jets to Brazil, Hey Mercedes, Shiner, Mock Orange, Bacchae (band), The Pauses, The Life and Times, Miranda Sound, Time Spent Driving, Faraquet, The Dismemberment Plan, The Monorchid, The Promise Ring, Dwindle, Pilot to Gunner, Paint It Black, None More Black, Jawbreaker, Discount, Against Me!, Goodbye Soundscape, Modern Life is War, Stapleton, Murder By Death, mewithoutYou, Black Cross (hardcore), Lemuria, Caustic Casanova, The Sword, Debate (from Sao Paulo, Brazil), Coliseum, Hammer No More the Fingers, Small Brown Bike, Broadcaster, Noyo Mathis and Nakatomi Plaza.

## Personal life

In 2007, Robbins's son Callum was diagnosed with spinal muscular atrophy, an incurable nerve disorder. A number of benefit shows for Callum Robbins have been organized and played in cities such as Chicago, Washington DC, Minneapolis, and New York.
# Damon Edge

Thomas Edward "Tom" Wisse (November 12, 1949 – August 11, 1995), known professionally as Damon Edge, was an American musician. He was a founding member of the post-punk band Chrome and also recorded as a solo artist.

## Biography

Damon Edge was born in Los Angeles in 1949. He graduated from Inglewood High School in 1967 before attending the California Institute of the Arts. He earned a bachelor's degree in environmental arts in 1970. He started the band Chrome in 1976, taking inspiration from some of his teachers at Cal Arts and from a trip to Europe, where he heard Arabic music for the first time. He produced a lot of the early Chrome cover artwork.
He began working at MGM and jamming with other musicians to create soundtracks for film. After recording the first Chrome album he set up Siren Records to release his own recordings. He moved to San Francisco in the mid 1970s and began recording further Chrome material. In the 1980s he moved to France after marrying the singer Fabienne Shine. He recorded several albums while living in France, some under his own name and others as Chrome. Edge and Shine returned to the U.S. in 1988, living in the Hollywood Hills, but they divorced in the early 1990s.

### Death

In August 1995 Edge was found dead in his Redondo Beach apartment in California. He had been lying undiscovered for about a month until a neighbor alerted the police. After the breakup with his wife he had begun to drink and smoke heavily. He had recently finished a new solo album in Germany.

## Discography (solo albums)

* Alliance (1985)
* I'm a Gentleman (7") (1985)
* The Wind Is Talking (1985)
* Grand Visions (1986)
* The Surreal Rock (1987)

## Footnotes

* 1 2 3 4 5 "Damon Edge Website – Press" Archived May 29, 2013, at the Wayback Machine, accessed April 24, 2010
* ↑ "Official Chrome Website – The Chronichles", accessed April 24, 2010
* ↑ "Damon Edge at allmusic", accessed April 24, 2010
* 1 2 3 Melody Maker 11/11/95
# Gaua Airport

Gaua Airport (IATA: ZGU, ICAO: NVSQ) is an airport on the island of Gaua, one of the Banks Islands in the Torba province in Vanuatu.

## Airlines and destinations

| Airlines | Destinations |
| Air Vanuatu | Luganville, Mota Lava |
# CSAM

CSAM may refer to:
* California Society of Addiction Medicine – an organization of physicians who specialize in treating addiction
* Child sexual abuse material – in most jurisdictions unlawful pornography exploiting minors
* Code Scanning and Analysis Manager – a component of software-based virtualization for VirtualBox
* Cold spray additive manufacturing – a particular application of cold spraying
* Collections & Stories of American Muslims – a non-profit organization operating America's Islamic Heritage Museum
* College of Science and Mathematics – a school of Montclair State University
* Confocal scanning acoustic microscope – a type of acoustic microscope
* Cultural Stereotype Accuracy-Meaning Model – a model developed by psychologist Yueh-Ting Lee