OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Simon, Count of Ponthieu

Simon of Dammartin (1180 – 21 September 1239) was count of Ponthieu. In 1214 he fought against Philip Augustus at the battle of Bouvines. With the Capetian victory at Bouvines, he was exiled. Through negotiations of his wife Marie, he was allowed back in Ponthieu and agreed to not allow his daughters to marry with out royal consent.

## Biography

Simon was son of Alberic III of Dammartin (Aubry de Dammartin) and his wife Mathildis of Clermont, heiress to the county of Clermont and daughter of Renaud II, Count of Clermont. His brother, Renaud I, Count of Dammartin, who had abducted the heiress of Boulogne, and forced her to marry him. In 1206, King Philip Augustus gave him the castle of St. John. In order to strengthen the alliance with the Dammartins, King Philip Augustus of France allowed Simon to marry Marie, Countess of Ponthieu, daughter of William IV, Count of Ponthieu, in 1208. Renaud and Simon of Dammartin would eventually ally themselves with John, King of England. In 1214 the brothers stood against Philip Augustus in the Battle of Bouvines. The French won the battle, and Renaud was imprisoned, while Simon was exiled.
Simon's father-in-law, William IV, Count of Ponthieu had remained loyal to Philip Augustus. When William died in 1221, Philip Augustus denied Simon's wife's inheritance and gave Ponthieu in custody to his cousin Robert III, Count of Dreux. Following Philip Augustus's death in 1225, Marie managed to broker a deal with his heir Louis VIII. Simon could not enter this fief or any other without royal permission, as Ponthieu was held by the king. Simon accepted the terms in 1231 and added that he would not negotiate his daughters' marriages without the king's approval.

## Family

Simon married Marie, Countess of Ponthieu, the daughter of William IV, Count of Ponthieu and Alys, Countess of the Vexin. Marie became Countess of Ponthieu in 1225.
Simon and Marie had:
* Joan, Countess of Ponthieu (1220–1278), married 1) Ferdinand III of Castile. Mother of Eleanor of Castile, the wife of Edward I of England. Married 2) Jean de Nesle, Seigneur de Falvy et de La Hérelle.
* Mathilda of Dammartin (-1279), married John of Châtellerault
* Philippe of Dammartin (-1280), married 1) Raoul II of Lusignan, 2) Raoul II, Lord of Coucy, 3) Otto II, Count of Guelders.
* Maria of Dammartin, married John II, Count of Roucy
# Phin Glynn

Phin Glynn is a British film and television producer and writer. He is best known as co-creator and producer of Staged, which premiered on BBC One.
In 2018, he formed Infinity Hill alongside Axel Kuschevatzky and Cindy Teperman.

## Filmography

| Year | Title | Contribution | Note |
| 2013 | Underdogs | Associate producer | Animated film |
| 2017 | Mad to Be Normal | Producer | Feature film |
| 2017 | That Good Night | Executive producer | Feature film |
| 2017 | You, Me and Him | Producer | Feature film |
| 2018 | Killer Retreat | Producer | Feature film |
| 2020 | Waiting for Anya | Producer | Feature film |
| 2020 | The Intruder | Associate producer | Feature film |
| 2020 | Nasha Natasha | Associate producer | Documentary |
| 2020 | The Doorman | Producer | Feature film |
| 2020-21 | Staged | Writer and producer | TV series |
| 2022 | Argentina, 1985 | Executive producer | Feature film |
| 2024 | A Bit of Light | Producer | Feature film |
| TBA | Glenrothan | Producer | Feature film |

## Publications

* 2021 - Completely Staged ISBN 978-1-8001809-2-5

## Awards and nominations

| Year | Result | Award | Category | Work |
| 2020 | Won | Comedy.co.uk Awards | Best New TV Sitcom | Staged |
| 2021 | Won | Broadcasting Press Guild | Best Comedy | Staged |
| 2021 | Won | Banff World Media Festival | Short Fiction Program | Staged |
| 2021 | Nominated | Rose d'Or | Best Comedy Programme | Staged |
| 2021 | Nominated | Venice TV Awards | Best Comedy | Staged |
# Prisoner's Daughter

Prisoner's Daughter is a 2022 American drama film directed by Catherine Hardwicke, written by Mark Bacci, and starring Kate Beckinsale and Brian Cox. The film premiered at the 2022 Toronto International Film Festival, and was released in the United States on June 30, 2023, by Vertical Entertainment.

## Plot

The film centers on an imprisoned man's attempts to reconnect with his daughter after being diagnosed with terminal pancreatic cancer.

## Cast

* Kate Beckinsale as Maxine MacLeary
* Brian Cox as Max MacLeary
* Christopher Convery as Ezra MacLeary
* Jon Huertas as Joseph
* Ernie Hudson as Hank
* Tyson Ritter as Tyler

## Production

The film was produced by Sam Okun, Marina Grasic, and David Haring. In August 2021, Deadline announced that Tyson Ritter was joining the cast alongside Beckinsale and Cox.

## Release

The film had its world premiere on September 14, 2022, at the 2022 Toronto International Film Festival. In April 2023, Vertical Entertainment acquired distribution rights to the film, and set it for release on June 30, 2023.

## Reception

On the review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes, 43% of 54 critics' reviews are positive, with an average rating of 5.3/10. The website's consensus reads: "Prisoner's Daughter has an outstanding cast, but they're overwhelmed by a blandly busy story that offers few surprises." Metacritic, which uses a weighted average, assigned the film a score of 48 out of 100, based on 14 critics, indicating "mixed or average" reviews.
Lovia Gyarkye of The Hollywood Reporter gave the film a mixed review, praising its cast and direction while criticizing its uneven screenplay, pivot from the drama to the action genre in the second act, and for not adequately fleshing out its characters. Wendy Ide of Screen Daily wrote that "There are very few surprises in this formulaic domestic drama, but there are pleasures to be had in watching."
Robert Daniels, in a review for RogerEbert.com, gave the film a mostly negative review, writing that it "disappointingly undermines its own themes and characters at every turn."
Marya E. Gates of The Playlist was critical of the film, stating that the performances of Cox and Beckinsale were some of the film's only highlights.
# Carneades championi

Carneades championi is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Bates in 1885. It is known from Costa Rica and Panamá.
# Frederick Hird

Frederick Sylvester Hird (December 6, 1879 – September 27, 1952) was an American sports shooter who won one gold and two bronze medals at the 1912 Summer Olympics in Stockholm, Sweden.
Hird started as a professional boxer and semiprofessional baseball player, but in 1900, he decided to pursue a military career and joined the Iowa National Guard. After competing at the 1912 Olympics, he fought in the Mexican border campaign of 1914 and in World War I. From 1928 to 1936, he served as U.S. Marshall for southern Iowa and then as a special agent for the Iowa attorney general’s office until retiring in 1943 as a lieutenant colonel.
# Enrique Corrales

Enrique Corrales Martín (born 1 March 1982) is a Spanish former professional footballer who played as a left-back.

## Club career

Corrales was born in Seville, Andalusia. A product of Real Madrid's youth system, he played mainly for their reserves (adding a sole first-team competitive appearance in the 2–1 loss at CD Toledo in the 2000–01 Copa del Rey) as a senior before moving to CA Osasuna for 2004–05. He made his La Liga debut on 29 August 2004 in a 1–1 home draw against Athletic Bilbao, totalling 27 appearances in his first season.
In July 2008, Corrales signed for RCD Mallorca, starting in his first year save for the final weeks, to also newly signed Ayoze. In the following campaign, as the Balearic Islands club finished in fifth position and qualified for the UEFA Europa League, he completely lost the battle for first-choice status, playing only seven matches but starting in the Copa del Rey.
With a new player making the first team in his position for 2010–11, Kevin García, Corrales featured even less for Mallorca (two league games, 128 minutes). On 28 July 2011, aged 29, the free agent joined another top-division side, agreeing to a one-year contract at recently promoted Granada CF; however, after failing to convince manager Fabri, he cut ties with the Andalusians and signed with UD Las Palmas in August.

## Honours

Spain U16
* UEFA European Under-16 Championship: 1999
# Taxocrinus

Taxocrinus is an extinct genus of crinoids.

## Fossil records

This genus is known in the fossil record from the Silurian period to the Carboniferous period (age range: from 428.2 to 326.4 million years ago). These fossils have been found in United Kingdom, United States, Australia, China, the Czech Republic and Germany.

## Species

* Taxocrinus anomalus Waters et al. 2003
* Taxocrinus macrodactylus Phillips 1841
* Taxocrinus stultus Whidborne 1896
* Taxocrinus telleri Springer, 1920
# Amden Formation

The Amden Formation is a geologic formation in Germany. It preserves fossils dating back to the Cretaceous period.
# Earl Cochrane

Earl Cochrane is a Canadian soccer executive, who has previously worked for the Canadian Soccer Association, D.C. United, and Toronto FC.

## Playing career

Cochrane played university soccer at Carleton University. He was a four-time OUA All-star and a two time all-Canadian defender. Cochrane also played professionally in Asia.

## Management

Cochrane worked for the Canadian Soccer Association as the National Teams Manager from January 2001 before becoming Director of Communications in 2005. He was also Director of Communications of D.C. United for two years before returning to Canada. Cochrane was an original member of Toronto FC, joining in July 2006 as the club's Manager of Team Operations. Cochrane was named TFC Academy Director in April 2007. He was appointed interim general manager of Toronto FC on Sept 14, 2010, following Mo Johnston's removal. He became Director of Team and Player Operations following the appointment of Toronto FC's new management team in January, 2011. Shortly after the firing of general manager Kevin Payne, Cochrane was also fired.
# John Vulich

John Vulich (1961 – October 12, 2016) was an American make-up effects artist and co-founder of Optic Nerve Studios.

## Early life

Vulich was born in Fresno, California. During high school he experimented with special effects and began corresponding with Tom Savini. Savini brought Vulich in as a personal assistant for the Friday the 13th series.

## Special effects career

Vulich continued working on 80's monster movies, including Ghoulies, Day of the Dead, and The Lost Boys. In 1989 Vulich decided to open his own company, Optic Nerve Studios, with Everett Burrell.
From there Vulich and the rest of Optic Nerve Studio would go on to work on well known science fiction and horror shows including Buffy the Vampire Slayer, Angel, The X-Files, and Babylon 5.
Vulich sold Optic Nerve Studio to Glenn Hetrick and went on to work in production at Disney Studios before dying of a heart attack on October 12, 2016.

## Awards

| Year | Award | Title | Results |
| 1991 | Saturn Award for Best Make-Up | Night of the Living Dead | Nominated |
| 1993 | Saturn Award for Best Make-Up | The Dark Half | Nominated |
| 1994 | Primetime Emmy for Outstanding Individual Achievement in Makeup for a Series | Babylon 5 | Won |
| 1995 | Primetime Emmy for Outstanding Individual Achievement in Makeup for a Series | Babylon 5 | Nominated |
| 1997 | Primetime Emmy for Outstanding Makeup for a Series | Babylon 5 | Nominated |
| 1997 | Primetime Emmy for Outstanding Makeup for a Series | Buffy the Vampire Slayer | Nominated |
| 1998 | Primetime Emmy for Outstanding Makeup for a Series | Babylon 5: In the Beginning | Nominated |
| 1998 | Primetime Emmy for Outstanding Makeup for a Series | Buffy the Vampire Slayer | Won |
| 1999 | Primetime Emmy for Outstanding Makeup for a Series | Buffy the Vampire Slayer | Nominated |
| 1999 | Primetime Emmy for Outstanding Makeup for a Series | The X-Files | Won |
| 2002 | Primetime Emmy for Outstanding Makeup for a Series (Prosthetic) | Buffy the Vampire Slayer | Nominated |
# Boris Grekov

Boris Dmitrievich Grekov (Russian: Борис Дмитрович Греков; 21 April [O.S. 9 April] 1882 – 9 September 1953) was a Russian and Soviet historian noted for his comprehensive studies of Kievan Rus and the Golden Horde. He was a member of the Soviet Academy of Sciences (1934) and several foreign academies, as well as Director of the Saint Petersburg Institute of History and the Russian History Institute in Moscow.
Grekov entered Warsaw University in 1901 but moved to the Moscow University four years later. During the pre-revolutionary years he researched the economic and social history of the Novgorod Republic (published in 1914).
Grekov was accused of participating in the White Movement in the Crimea during the civil war, and in 1930, his son was arrested in connection with the "Platonov Affair" and sent to the Solovki Islands Penal Colony. Both of these facts were widely known in the 1930s, and this led Grekov to make wide-ranging concessions to the official ideology during the Stalin Purges and, according to A. H. Plakhonin, to write scholarship "on order" for the regime.
At this time, he turned toward the study of Kievan Rus' and became known as an opponent of the Ukrainian historian Mykhailo Hrushevsky, who claimed the heritage of Kievan Rus' primarily for modern Ukraine. His major work, Kievan Rus' appeared in 1939 and was the first of three of his works to win the Stalin Prize. In this work, steeped in Marxist–Leninist ideology, he stressed the agricultural rather than commercial basis of the economy of this polity and argued that the heritage of Kievan Rus' was equally shared by modern Russia, Ukraine, and Belarus.
Grekov's extensive research on Kievan Rus' provided insights into the economic and cultural development of medieval Rus' during the period of the Tatar domination. He summarized these findings in Culture of Kiev Rus (1944) and Russian Peasants from the Most Ancient Times to the Seventeenth Century (1946). But his most lasting work (and the one which is still regularly reprinted) was Golden Horde, written in collaboration with Alexander Yakubovsky and first published in 1937. The second (and now classical) edition appeared in 1950 under the title Golden Horde and Its Downfall.
Grekov also gave considerable attention to the collection and publication of primary sources, especially chronicles. His student, Vladimir Pashuto, carried this work forward and began the collection of foreign sources for the medieval period in the history of the Eastern Slavs.
In December 2022 the Akademika (Boris) Grekov street in Kyiv, Ukraine was renamed to (Righteous Among the Nations) Glagolevy Family [uk] street.
# Aleksandr Saplinov

Aleksandr Yuryevich Saplinov (Russian: Александр Юрьевич Саплинов; born 12 August 1997) is a Russian football player who plays for FC Spartak Kostroma. His main position is winger, and he also plays attacking midfielder and centre-forward.

## Club career

He made his debut in the Russian Professional Football League for FC Energomash Belgorod on 20 July 2016 in a game against FC Avangard Kursk.
On 11 June 2019, he signed a 4-year contract with FC Rostov. He made his debut in the Russian Premier League for Rostov on 20 July 2019 in a game against FC Spartak Moscow, as an 80th-minute substitute for Ivelin Popov. In his first start for Rostov against FC Rubin Kazan on 25 August 2019, he scored a goal in the 87th minute, giving his club a 2–1 victory.
On 20 August 2020, he joined FC Rotor Volgograd on loan for the 2020–21 season. On 13 January 2021, the loan was terminated early.
On 24 June 2021, he moved to FC Ufa on loan with an option to buy. On 14 July 2022, Saplinov was loaned to FC Rubin Kazan. He suffered a Jones fracture in August 2022. He did not appear for Rubin after that and officially left the club on 6 June 2023.

## Career statistics

    As of 28 May 2022
| Club | Season | League | League | League | Cup | Cup | Continental | Continental | Total | Total |
| Club | Season | Division | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals |
| Energomash Belgorod | 2016–17 | PFL | 22 | 5 | 4 | 0 | – | – | 26 | 5 |
| Energomash Belgorod | 2017–18 | PFL | 17 | 3 | 3 | 0 | – | – | 20 | 3 |
| Energomash Belgorod | Total | Total | 39 | 8 | 7 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 46 | 8 |
| Sokol Saratov | 2018–19 | PFL | 14 | 7 | 1 | 0 | – | – | 15 | 7 |
| Baltika Kaliningrad | 2018–19 | FNL | 13 | 6 | – | – | – | – | 13 | 6 |
| Rostov | 2019–20 | RPL | 21 | 1 | 2 | 1 | – | – | 23 | 2 |
| Rostov | 2020–21 | RPL | 3 | 1 | 0 | 0 | – | – | 3 | 1 |
| Rostov | Total | Total | 24 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 26 | 3 |
| Rotor Volgograd (loan) | 2020–21 | RPL | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | – | – | 2 | 0 |
| Ufa (loan) | 2021–22 | RPL | 19 | 0 | 1 | 0 | – | – | 20 | 0 |
| Career total | Career total | Career total | 110 | 23 | 12 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 122 | 24 |
# Tau gallicum

Tau gallicum, or D with short stroke overlay in Unicode, (majuscule: Ꟈ, minuscule: ꟈ) is a letter that was used to write the Gaulish language. It is a D with the horizontal bar from the Greek letter Θ. It likely represented a /t͡s/ or /st/ sound, like the ts in cats or the st in stop.

## Name

The Latin phrase tau gallicum literally means "Gallic tau". The only known mention of the letter is found in Catalepton, a set of epigrams attributed to Virgil and collected after his death in Appendix Vergiliana. The second epigram contains the following text:
   Corinthiorum amator iste uerborum, iste iste rhetor, namque quatenus totus Thucydides, tyrannus Atticae febris: tau Gallicum, min et sphin ut male illisit, ita omnia ista uerba miscuit fratri.
It is not known, however, whether the sound described by Virgil is the same as that for which the term is currently used.

## Letter

After using the Greek alphabet, the Gauls adopted the Latin alphabet to transcribe their language. However, to note a sound unknown to the second, they introduced the additional letter tau gallicum, said to have been inspired by the Greek letter Θ (theta). Its spelling is varies between ⟨Ꟈ⟩ and ⟨ꟉꟉ⟩.
The letter can be found in the initial of the name of the Celtic goddess Sirona, whose name is written as: Sirona, Ꟈirona or Thirona, highlighting the difficulty of noting the initial sound in the Latin alphabet.
The letter is also present in the lead of Chamalières, a lead tablet discovered in 1971 in Chamalières and written in the Gallic language with Latin cursive letters: snIeꟈꟈdic, aꟈꟈedillI.

## Pronunciation

The precise value of the sound transcribed by the Gallic tau is not known. It is supposed that it denotes an alveolar affricate /t͡s/, in free variation with [st] in initial position.

## Use on computers

The letter is encoded into Unicode as U+A7C7 Ꟈ LATIN CAPITAL LETTER D WITH SHORT STROKE OVERLAY and U+A7C8 ꟈ LATIN SMALL LETTER D WITH SHORT STROKE OVERLAY respectively.
Character information :
| Preview | Ꟈ | Ꟈ | ꟈ | ꟈ |
| Unicode name | LATIN CAPITAL LETTER D WITH SHORT STROKE OVERLAY | LATIN CAPITAL LETTER D WITH SHORT STROKE OVERLAY | LATIN SMALL LETTER D WITH SHORT STROKE OVERLAY | LATIN SMALL LETTER D WITH SHORT STROKE OVERLAY |
| Encodings | decimal | hex | dec | hex |
| Unicode | 42951 | U+A7C7 | 42952 | U+A7C8 |
| UTF-8 | 234 159 135 | EA 9F 87 | 234 159 136 | EA 9F 88 |
| Numeric character reference | &#42951; | &#xA7C7; | &#42952; | &#xA7C8; |
# Nikodim Kondakov

Nikodim (or Nikodeme) Pavlovich Kondakov (Russian: Никоди́м Па́влович Кондако́в; 1 (13) November 1844, Olshanka, Kursk Governorate, Russian Empire– 17 February 1925, Prague, Czechoslovakia), was an art historian with special expertise in the history of Russian and Serbian Christian icons. He is remembered as a pioneer among art historian who studied the treasures of Mount Athos like Frenchman Gabriel Millet.

## Biography

Nicodem Pavlovitch Kondakov was born in the Russian Empire in 1844, in the village of Khalan in Kursk Governorate. He attended Moscow University under Fedor Buslaev from 1861 to 1865.
After graduation he taught in the Moscow Art School.
In 1870 he became a lecturer in the University of Novorossia, Odessa (now Odessa National University, Ukraine), and in 1877 a professor there.
From 1888 he taught in St. Petersburg University. From 1893 he was a member of the Russian Academy of Fine Arts, and from 1898 a member of the Russian Academy of Sciences. In 1895 with Fyodor Uspensky he founded the Russian Archaeological Institute of Constantinople.
During the Revolution of 1917 and the Civil War in Russia Kondakov lived in Odessa and Yalta (see: South Russia (1919–1920)).
In 1920 he emigrated to Bulgaria, and then to Czechoslovakia, where he taught in Prague University until his death in 1925.
In his first book, on Greek manuscript illumination, published in 1877, Kondakov approached the stylistic evolution of eastern Romanesque art through the use of artistic ideal. He collaborated with Salomon Reinach in Antiquités de la Russie Méridionale (1891). His lectures influenced future historians, among others, Michael Rostovtzeff. Kondakov wrote numerous works on the history of Ancient Greek, Russian, Georgian and Eastern Roman art. He founded the modern method in the history of the art of the Eastern Roman Empire.
# Aleksey Malashenko

Aleksey Vsevolodovich Malashenko (Russian: Алексе́й Все́володович Малаше́нко; 2 February 1951 – 3 January 2023) was a Russian academic and political scientist. He specialized in the oriental and Islamic studies. He was the son of actress Galina Novozhilova [ru].

## Biography

Malashenko graduated from the Institute of Asian and African Countries in 1974 with a degree in history. In 1972, he studied in Egypt and Turkmenistan. From 1974 to 1976, he served in the Soviet Armed Forces in Algeria. He was a researcher at Institute of Oriental Studies of the Russian Academy of Sciences from 1976 to 1982. In 1978, he defended his dissertation on Islam in Algeria.
Malashenko was an editor at the journal Problems of Peace and Socialism from 1982 to 1986. In 1986, he became head of the religious department at the Institute of Oriental Studies of the Russian Academy of Sciences, where he was lead researcher from 1999 to 2001. In 1990, he was a visiting professor at Colgate University in the United States. From 2000 to 2006, he was a professor at the Moscow State Institute of International Relations before teaching at the Higher School of Economics from 2007 to 2008.
Malashenko was a member of the scientific council of the Carnegie Moscow Center from 2007 to 2016. In October 2016, he became head of scientific research at Dialogue of Civilizations. He was head of the expert council at RIA Novosti.
Malashenko spoke Russian, Arabic, English, and French and wrote and edited 18 books in those languages. He died on 3 January 2023 at the age of 71.

## Works in English

* The Soviet Union and the Muslim Nations (1988)
* The Last Red August (1993)
* Islam in Central Asia (1994)