OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Gustav Kappfjell

Gustav Matheus Kappfjell (12 February 1913 – 24 May 1999), also known by the Southern Sámi form of his name, Gaebpien Gåsta, was a Southern Sámi reindeer herder, hunter, farmer, poet, and joiker from Maajehjaevrie in Grane Municipality, Norway.

## Biography

Kappfjell attended the Sámi school in Havika [no] (Namsos) in 1921–22; at that time the state Norwegianization policy forbade students from speaking Sámi languages. During World War II, Kappfjell was witness to the 1942 Majavatn Affair [no] in which 24 Norwegian partisans were arrested in Majavatn and later executed at the Falstad concentration camp. His father, Nils Johan Kappfjell, died on 5 July 1948 in the Duderlands Valley bus accident [no]. After his mother, Anna, died in 1951, Kappfjell took over the family farm, eventually selling his share of the family reindeer herd to invest in the farm. His brother, Nils Olav Kappfjell, continued with reindeer husbandry.

## Poetry

As a poet, Kappfjell wrote about Sámi life and identity, blending images of reindeer herding and mountain life with ancestral stories, Southern Sámi history, and customs. He also outlines Sámi struggles with the loss of land, water, and rights. His collection of poems, Gaaltije (1987), was the first literary work published in Southern Sámi. Kappfjell wrote most of his poetry in Southern Sámi, along with some works in Swedish and Norwegian. Previously, Kappfjell published poems in the Saemien Sijte foundation's Åarjel-saemieh yearbook in 1982 and 1985, as well as in the Čallagat (1973) and Vår jord er vårt liv (1981) anthologies. An audio book of his poetry was published for Tråante 2017. Kappfjell was awarded the Grane Kommunes Kulturpris in 1987.
# Lê Hiển Tông

Lê Hiển Tông (chữ Hán: 黎顯宗; 20 May 1717 – 10 August 1786), born Lê Duy Diêu, was the penultimate emperor of the Vietnamese Lê dynasty. He reigned from 1740 to 1786 and was succeeded by his grandson Lê Duy Kỳ.
At the time Vietnam was under the power of the Trịnh lords. During the reigns of Lê Thuần Tông (1732–1735) and Lê Ý Tông (1735–1740), Trịnh Giang ruled Vietnam with the title Uy Nam Vương, but he was deposed in 1740 due to poor leadership. From 1740 to 1767, Trịnh Doanh ruled with the title Minh Do Vương in the first part of the reign of Lê Hiển Tông. He was followed by Trịnh Sâm, who ruled from 1767 to 1782 with the title Tinh Do Vương. At this point the Lê dynasty began to regain its power.

## Issue

He had twenty-three children, including:
* Crown prince Lê Duy Vĩ, executed by the Trịnh lords in 1771
* Lê Duy Cận (died after 1786)
* Princess Lê Thị Ngọc Hân
* Princess Lê Thị Ngọc Bình
# Cuerden

Cuerden is a village and civil parish of the Borough of Chorley, in Lancashire, England. It is situated between Bamber Bridge and Leyland, and had a population of 77 in 2001. At the 2011 census the population was included within Clayton-le-Woods civil parish.

## History

The name speculatively derives from the Welsh cerdin, the plural of cerdinen, "rowan", although the nearby Cuerdale derives from an Anglo-Saxon personal name. It could also be a derivation of 'coeur de lion' or Lionheart. The manor was given to Vivian Molyneux by Roger de Poitou and devolved to the Banastres, Charnocks, Langtons, and Fleetwoods.
The manor house, Cuerden Hall, is a country house begun in the 1717 on the site of a 17th-century house, and extended between 1816 and 1819 by Lewis Wyatt. During the Industrial Revolution, two cotton mills were built by the river by William Clayton and William Eccles, and employed more than seven hundred people in 1848.
St Saviour's Church was built in 1836–37, to a design by the architect Edmund Sharpe.

## Governance

Cuerden was a township in the ancient ecclesiastical parish of Leyland and the Leyland hundred. It became part of the Chorley Poor Law Union, formed in 1837, which took responsibility for the administration and funding of the Poor Law and built a workhouse in that area.

## Geography

Cuerden covered 800 acres about 4½ miles south east of Preston on the River Lostock on the road between Preston and Wigan. Cuerden Valley Park, south of the M6 and M65 junction, covers 650 acres, half of which is used for agriculture. The park has a lake and was once the estate of Cuerden Hall.
# Charnock Richard

Charnock Richard is a small village and civil parish in the borough of Chorley, Lancashire, in England. The population of the civil parish taken at the 2011 census was 1,748.

## History

The village was named in the early 13th century by the local landowner who gave the township his first name of Richard, to distinguish it from neighbouring Heath Charnock. The village is situated on the A49 road, which leads from Preston to Wigan. The manor house Park Hall dates from the 10th century.
It was the home of Henry de Lea, who was beheaded with Adam Banastre on Leyland Moor in 1315, after the abortive Banastre Rebellion.

## Local amenities

Charnock Richard Pasture is just off Freemans Lane, and is a Site of Special Scientific Interest. Charnock Richard Services, probably the area's most famous landmark, is a motorway service station, between Junctions 27 and 28 of the M6 Motorway. It was the first service station on the M6 when it opened in 1963 and is operated by Welcome Break.
Next to the service station stands the now derelict Camelot Theme Park. The park closed in November 2012, due to a lack of visitors and financial problems. Christ Church, a church of the Church of England, was built in 1860.

## Sport

The village football club, Charnock Richard F.C., plays at Mossie Park on Charter Lane.
Charnock Richard Golf Club, which opened in 1994, was a parkland golf course on the main A49 Preston Road and is set in 140 acres (0.57 km$^2$). It closed in July 2013, after being bought by businessman Dave Whelan.
# Amariah Farrow

Amariah Farrow (born September 29, 1980) is a former Canadian football offensive lineman. He is 6 feet 5 inches (1.96 m) tall and weighs 325 pounds (147 kg). For his college career, Farrow went to Midwestern State University. After college (2005), he signed with the Lions as a free agent. Farrow spent the majority of the 2005 CFL season on the practice roster. He made his CFL debut during week 16 versus the Montreal Alouettes and backed up B.C.'s offensive line in 2 games in October of that season. In 2006, Farrow spent the first 4 weeks on the Lions 46-man roster but did not see any action. He started his only game that year in week 19 (last week of the season) against the Winnipeg Blue Bombers. In 2007, Farrow was made a backup because of the departure of Bobby Singh to the Calgary Stampeders. He was traded to the Saskatchewan Roughriders prior to the 2008 CFL season.
# Wenamu River

Wenamu River (Venamo River) is a river in South America. It forms a portion of the international boundary between Venezuela and Guyana. It is part of the Essequibo River basin.
Mango Landing is a small settlement on the Guyana side of the Wanamu River. Other settlements include Arau and Kaikan village. There is an airstrip that mostly serves miners working in the area.
The Wenamu has been a part of the long territorial dispute between Guyana and Venezuela. In 2007, Venezuelan troops used C-4 (explosive) to destroy mining dredges illegally in their territory. The Wenamu is also a crossing point for Venezuelan refugees entering Guyana.
# Hugh I, Count of Blois

Hugh I, Count of Blois, also known as Hugh I of Châtillon (c. 1198 – 9 April 1248) was jure uxoris Count of Blois from 1230 to 1241, and Count of Saint Pol (as Hugh V) from 1226 to 1248.
Hugh was son of Gaucher III of Châtillon and Elisabeth, daughter of Hugo IV, Count of Saint-Pol. He married Agnes of Bar-le-Duc, daughter of Thibaut I of Bar-le-Duc and Hermesend of Bar-sur-Seine, in 1216. By 1225, Agnes was dead and Hugh married Marie.
In 1226, Hugh married Marie of Avesnes, daughter of Walter II of Avesnes and Margaret of Blois. They had 5 children:
* John I (d. 1280), Count of Blois
* Guy III (d. 1289), Count of Saint Pol
* Gaucher IV (d. 1261), lord of Chatillon, Crécy and Crèvecœur. His son was: Gaucher V de Châtillon.
* Hugh (d. 1255)
* Basile (d. 1280), became Abbess of Notre Dame du Val in 1248
Through his marriage Hugh became the first Count of Blois from the House of Châtillon. It marked the end of the first dynasty of Blois that lasted over 400 years. After the death of Marie, Hugh married Mahaut, sister of Baldwin III, Count of Guînes.
In 1226 the Cistercian nunnery Pont-aux-Dames in Couilly was founded by Hugh. Later Hugh, with the assistance of Philip Mécringes, founded a Cistercian nunnery at Troissy called L'Amour-Dieu in 1232.
Hugh intended to follow the pious king Louis IX when he started on the Seventh Crusade, but he died in 1248.
# Diego de Zecenarro

Diego de Zecenarro was a Spanish military man, captain of infantry of the royal armies of the Viceroyalty of Peru.

## Expedition

In 1677, together with his brother, Ensign Martín de Zecenarro, and numerous Franciscan religious led by Fray Juan de Ojeda, Diego travelled to what are now the provinces of Carabaya and Sandia, in the Peruvian department of Puno.
The purpose of this expedition was to advance the exploration of the peoples and the towns surrounding the lower basin of the Tambopata and Inambari rivers (discovering the latter), they eradicated local religions and established the Catholic religion by founding missionary posts.
They also attempted to find the mythical Paititi, as evidenced by various letters from the captain to the Viceroy.

## Boundary dispute between Peru and Bolivia

The official report signed by De Zecenarro on September 17, 1677, addressed to Viceroy Baltasar de la Cueva y Enríquez de Cabrera, was used by the diplomat Víctor Manuel Maúrtua to prepare the legal basis put forward by Peru to keep Carabaya and Sandia in the Peruvian territory. The same framework was used two centuries later, in the early years of the twentieth century, as a base for boundaries of the republics of Peru and Bolivia.
# Central District (Minab County)

The Central District of Minab County (Persian: بخش مرکزی شهرستان میناب) is in Hormozgan province, Iran. Its capital is the city of Minab.

## History

After the 2006 National Census, Band-e Zarak Rural District was separated from the district in the formation of Band-e Zarak District. After the 2011 census, the village of Tirur was elevated to the status of a city.
After the 2016 census, Kariyan Rural District was separated from the Central District in the formation of Kariyan District. Tiyab Rural District was also separated from the district to form Tiyab District.

## Demographics
### Population

At the time of the 2006 census, the district's population was 170,419 in 34,176 households. The following census in 2011 counted 142,745 people in 34,461 households. The 2016 census measured the population of the district as 158,650 inhabitants in 42,487 households.

### Administrative divisions

Central District (Minab County) Population :
| Administrative Divisions | 2006 | 2011 | 2016 |
| Band-e Zarak RD | 39,334 | | |
| Gurband RD | 16,513 | 17,761 | 14,087 |
| Howmeh RD | 27,577 | 26,910 | 29,437 |
| Kariyan RD | 14,537 | 15,203 | 16,814 |
| Tiyab RD | 17,835 | 19,642 | 20,271 |
| Minab (city) | 54,623 | 63,229 | 73,170 |
| Tirur (city) | | | 4,871 |
| Total | 170,419 | 142,745 | 158,650 |
| RD = Rural District ||||
# Lima is Burning

Lima is Burning (Spanish: Arde Lima) is a 2023 Peruvian documentary film written, co-produced and directed by Alberto Castro. It follows the personal and professional lives of a group of Peruvian drag queens in a still very conservative country. It is the third film of Castro's documentary trilogy about LGBTIQ+ in Peru following Drag Invasion (2020) and Salir del clóset (2022).

## Synopsis

Fifteen drag artists face a still very conservative Peruvian society, in heels, with bright dresses and well-placed wigs. These multicolored, radiant and multi-talented characters defend the freedom to be oneself, express oneself and dress freely, while along the way they reveal family fissures, unconditional friendships and dreams in the making.

## Cast

The documentary features the testimonies of:
* Tany de la Riva
* Georgia Hart
* La Langosta
* Harmonik Minaj
* Go Diva
* Dark Princess
* Alezz Andro
* Ernesto Pimentel
* Stacy Malibú
* Tía Tula
* Brit de Rapert
* Cristina Corazón
* La Funky
* Petra
* Cakutty

## Release

It had its world premiere on November 15, 2023, at the 9th University of Lima Film Week, then was commercially released on May 30, 2024, in Peruvian theaters.
# Putnam model

The Putnam model is an empirical software effort estimation model created by Lawrence H. Putnam in 1978. Measurements of a software project is collected (e.g., effort in man-years, elapsed time, and lines of code) and an equation fitted to the data using regression analysis. Future effort estimates are made by providing size and calculating the associated effort using the equation which fit the original data (usually with some error).
SLIM (Software LIfecycle Management) is the name given by Putnam to the proprietary suite of tools his company QSM, Inc. developed, based on his model. It is one of the earliest of these types of models developed. Closely related software parametric models are Constructive Cost Model (COCOMO), Parametric Review of Information for Costing and Evaluation – Software (PRICE-S), and Software Evaluation and Estimation of Resources – Software Estimating Model (SEER-SEM).
A claimed advantage to this model is the simplicity of calibration.

## The software equation

While managing R&D projects for the Army and later at GE, Putnam noticed software staffing profiles followed the Rayleigh distribution.
Putnam used his observations about productivity levels to derive the software equation:
    ${\frac {B^{1/3}\cdot {\text{Size}}}{\text{Productivity}}}={\text{Effort}}^{1/3}\cdot {\text{Time}}^{4/3}$
where:
* Size is the product size (whatever size estimate is used by your organization is appropriate). Putnam uses ESLOC (Effective Source Lines of Code) throughout his books.
* B is a scaling factor and is a function of the project size.
* Productivity is the Process Productivity, the ability of a particular software organization to produce software of a given size at a particular defect rate.
* Effort is the total effort applied to the project in person-years.
* Time is the total schedule of the project in years.
In practical use, when making an estimate for a software task the software equation is solved for effort:
    ${\text{Effort}}=\left[{\frac {\text{Size}}{{\text{Productivity}}\cdot {\text{Time}}^{4/3}}}\right]^{3}\cdot B$
An estimated software size at project completion and organizational process productivity is used. Plotting effort as a function of time yields the Time-Effort Curve. The points along the curve represent the estimated total effort to complete the project at some time. One of the distinguishing features of the Putnam model is that total effort decreases as the time to complete the project is extended. This is normally represented in other parametric models with a schedule relaxation parameter.
This estimating method is fairly sensitive to uncertainty in both size and process productivity.
Putnam advocates obtaining process productivity by calibration:
    ${\text{Process Productivity}}={\frac {\text{Size}}{\left[{\frac {\text{Effort}}{B}}\right]^{1/3}\cdot {\text{Time}}^{4/3}}}$
Putnam makes a sharp distinction between 'conventional productivity' : size / effort and process productivity.
# Book Thug Nation

Book Thug Nation is a Brooklyn independent bookstore in Williamsburg. Founded in 2009, it sells used books, primarily fiction, and occasionally hosts events ranging from book readings to film screenings.

## History

Book Thug Nation was founded in Williamsburg by four local booksellers in 2009, a year when numerous other bookstores appeared in Brooklyn; visual artist Robin Treadwell joined as manager for two years. It was the first of many bookstores that the four founded, with later bookstores being Codex Books, Troubled Sleep, Human Relations, and others.

## In the media

Book Thug Nation has been featured in articles by Publishers Weekly and others. CBS included it in a list of the five best used bookstores in New York City, as well as a list of the best independent bookstores in Brooklyn. Dazed called it one of the best book/zine stores in the city. The Eye of Photography placed it on a list of the best independent bookstores in the city. Brooklyn Reader ranked it second in a list of the best bookstores in Brooklyn. Musician Craig Finn, in The New York Times, named it as one of the bookstores he frequented in Williamsburg.
Ben Sisto, an artist, created an exhibit called Used Books at the Good Works Gallery in Brooklyn using books bought from Book Thug Nation and other bookstores. One of his works, "Interaction of Interaction of Color", was conceived after Sisto bought Interaction of Color by Josef Albers from Book Thug Nation.
# Jo

Jo, jo, JO, or J.O. may refer to:

## Arts and entertainment

* Jo (film), a 1972 French comedy
* Jo (TV series), a French TV series
* "Jo", a song by Goldfrapp from Tales of Us
* "Jo", a song by Mr. Oizo from Lambs Anger
* Jo a fictional character in the Star Wars franchise

## People

* Jo (given name)
* Jô, Brazilian footballer João Alves de Assis Silva (born 1987)
* Josiel Alves de Oliveira (born 1988), Brazilian footballer also known as Jô
* Jō (surname), a Japanese surname
* Cho (Korean name), a common Korean surname which can be romanized as Jo

## Codes

* JO, ISO 3166 country code for Jordan
* .jo, the Internet country code top-level domain for Jordan
* JO, IATA code for JALways, a subsidiary of Japan Airlines

## Other uses

* jō (杖), a wooden staff used in some Japanese martial arts
* jō (丈), a Japanese unit of length equivalent to the Chinese zhang
* jō (畳), a Japanese unit of area corresponding to the area of a standard tatami mat (1×½ ken or 18 square Japanese feet)
* JO, U.S. Navy rating-abbreviation for "journalist"
* Journal Officiel de la République Française, the official gazette of the Government of France
* Jo, a Vodun (deity) in the Fon pantheon.
* Jo language, a Duala language
* Ё, a letter of the Cyrillic alphabet
* JO, symbol for rapid services on the Sōbu Line and Yokosuka Line.
# John Alexander Catherwood

John Alexander Catherwood (October 26, 1857 – December 21, 1940) was a fruit grower, bee keeper and political figure in British Columbia. He represented Dewdney from 1920 until his retirement at the 1928 provincial election in the Legislative Assembly of British Columbia as a Conservative.
He was born in Bolton Village, Canada West in 1857, the son of Thomas Catherwood and Ann Abercrombie, and was educated in Caledonia. He came to Mission with a Canadian Pacific Railway survey party in 1885. In 1886, Catherwood married Edith Margaret Solloway. He was reeve of Mission, British Columbia for 17 years. Catherwood was unseated in February 1925 by a decision of the B.C. Supreme Court after a recount reduced his majority in the election to 5; he was reinstated in June 1925. He died in Mission City at the age of 83 in 1940.
# Claude Maddox

Claude "Screwy" Maddox (born John Edward Moore; 1901 – June 21, 1958) was a Chicago mobster and head of the Circus Cafe Gang whose ranks included future Chicago mobsters Anthony "Tough Tony" Capezio, Vincenzo De Mora ("Machine Gun" Jack McGurn, one-time owner of the "Green Mill") and Antonino "Tony" "Joe Batters" Accardo.
Maddox was born in St. Louis, Missouri. He served in the Army during World War I, reaching the rank of sergeant in the 18th Infantry Regiment. In 1920 he was a member of St. Louis based gang Egan’s Rats. which was absorbed by Alphonse "Big Al," "Scarface" Capone's gang, the Chicago Outfit. During Prohibition, the Circus Cafe Gang was the single North Side organization allied with Capone's Chicago Outfit. A suspect in the St. Valentine's Day Massacre, Maddox was believed to be involved in at least the early planning stages of the attack. In January 1929, the police discovered Maddox hiding in a vacant building near his West North Avenue headquarters with a drum full of ammunition for Thompson submachine guns as well as a dozen overcoats strewn about the room (inside one of the coats, a loaded .45 pistol was found). It was speculated that a nearby garage (at 1723 North Wood St.) was used to "torch cut" one of the getaway cars used in the massacre, however it later caught fire and exploded. Although initially held in custody, Maddox was later released, having been in court on an unrelated charge during the time of the massacre.
Although the gang was reduced to a satellite by the end of Prohibition, Maddox himself held a high position in the Chicago syndicate until his death in 1958, in his Riverside home, from a heart attack. His funeral was attended by The Outfit heavy hitters and FBI surveillance.
# Ruth Black

Edith Ruth Black CBE (2 June 1925 – 25 November 2017; née Blumenthal) was a New Zealand doctor specialising in family planning.

## Biography

Black was born in Austria to Siegfried and Else Blumenthal. The family moved to England when she was a young teenager and then emigrated to New Zealand, settling in Auckland, where Black attended Epsom Girls' Grammar School.
Black attended the University of Auckland and the University of Otago, graduating with a Bachelor of Arts degree in 1948 at the age of 23. She then began studying medicince and graduated as a medical doctor in 1952 at the age of 28. Black moved back to Auckland and completed her house surgeon training at Auckland Hospital.
In 1955, Black started working for the Family Planning Association (FPA) at their first clinic in Remuera, Auckland. She was a clinic doctor from 1955 to 1976 and from 1959 to 1974 was also the medical co-director of the Auckland clinics. From 1963 to 1974, Black was chair of the NZ FPA Medical Advisory Committee and a council member of the International Planned Parenthood Federation (IPPF) of South-East Asia and Oceania.
Black died at Grace Joel Hospital aged 92, and is buried in the Hebrew area of Waikumete Cemetery.

## Personal life

In 1954, Black married Harry Black, who she had met while studying at Otago Medical School. They had two sons.
# Enhydrocyon

Enhydrocyon is an extinct genus of bone crushing canid which inhabited North America during the Oligocene and Early Miocene, 30.8—20.4 Ma, existing for approximately 11 million years.
Enhydrocyon's dentition suggests this animal was a hypercarnivore or mesocarnivore. Species of Enhydrocyon were relatively large, powerfully built carnivores with a short snout and deep jaws reminiscent of a jaguar. These features give the skull a shape resembling that of the extant sea otter (Enhydra), prompting the scientific name. With an estimated weight of about 10 kilograms (22 lb), this was the earliest genus of canid adapted to be specialized predators.

## Species

* †Enhydrocyon basilatus Cope 1879
* †E. crassidens Matthew 1907
* †E. pahinsintewakpa Macdonald 1963
* †E. sectorius Cope 1883
* †E. stenocephalus Cope 1879
# Patricio Salas (footballer, born 1988)

Patricio Marcelo Salas Huincahue (born 28 August 1988) is a Chilean former footballer.
His last club was Deportes Melipilla.

## Personal life

Salas Huincahue is of Mapuche descent.

## Titles
### Player
#### Magallanes

* Tercera División de Chile (1): 2010

#### Individual

* Tercera División de Chile Top scorer (1): 2010