OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Khodynka Aerodrome

Khodynka (Russian: Ходынский, Khodynskiy), officially Frunze Central Aerodrome, formerly known as Central (Tsentralny, Центральный аэродром имени М. В. Фрунзе), was an airport in Moscow, Russia, located northwest of the centre of the city.

## History

The aerodrome was founded on 17 June 1910, when the Moscow Aeronautical Society [ru] announced that the staff of the Moscow Military District had approved the allocation of land in the territory of Khodynka field as an airfield. Donations from aviation enthusiasts met much of the cost of the construction of the facility. There resulted a runway and six small hangars for aeroplanes. The official opening took place on 3 October 1910 in the presence of military authorities and of many Russian aviators. M. F. De Campo Scipio [pl] made the first takeoff.
In 1920, the Scientific-Test Airfield NOA GU RKKVF, which was to become today's 929th State Flight Test Centre named for V. P. Chkalov, was established at the airfield.
On 3 May 1922, the first ever Russian international flight on the route Moscow - Königsberg - Berlin took place. On 15 July 1923, the first regular domestic passenger flights between Moscow and Nizhny Novgorod started - the 420 km route took 2.5 hours in a 4-seater AK-1 monoplane.
From 1923 to 1926 the facility bore the name "Central L. D. Trotsky Aerodrome" (Центральный аэродром имени Л. Д. Троцкого). Subsequently, it officially became "Central M. V. Frunze Aerodrome" (Центральный аэродром имени М. В. Фрунзе).
From 1932 to 1935, the scientific-testing institute was relocated to Chkalovsky near Shchelkovo.
In 1938 the airport gave its name to the newly opened Moscow Metro station Aeroport to the north of the runway.
Khodynka remained the only airport in Moscow until the opening of Bykovo in 1933. (Tushino opened in 1935, Vnukovo in 1941). Passenger flights stopped in the late 1940s, from 1950s to 2003 aerodrome was used only for ferrying of new Ilyushin aircraft. Khodynka Aerodrome closed in 2003, and as of 2016 the whole site has been redeveloped for other uses. It housed a large number of stored aircraft from Sukhoi and Mikoyan-Gurevich, which were moved to Lukhovitsy.
# Fred Liewehr

Fred Liewehr (1909–1993) was an Austrian stage and film actor.

## Partial filmography

* Jana, das Mädchen aus dem Böhmerwald (1935) - Michael
* Immortal Waltz (1939) - Johann Strauß Sohn
* Brüderlein fein (1942) - von Jaroszinsky
* Vienna Blood (1942) - Crown-Prince Ludwig von Bayern
* Late Love (1943) - von Pioletti
* The Angel with the Trumpet (1948) - Kronprinz Rudolf
* Viennese Girls (1949) - John Cross
* Child of the Danube (1950) - Georg
* Maria Theresa (1951) - Franz I.
* 1. April 2000 (1952)
* Grandstand for General Staff (1953) - Erzherzog Karl Viktor
* Das Licht der Liebe (1954) - Kammersänger
* Victoria in Dover (1954) - König Leopold von Belgien
* Goetz von Berlichingen (1955) - Franz von Sickingen
* Im Prater blüh’n wieder die Bäume (1958) - Baron Lazi Köröshazi
* Embezzled Heaven [de] (1958) - Leopold Argan
* Maria Stuart (1959)
* Don Carlos (1960) - Marquis von Posa
* Gustav Adolf's Page (1960) - Octavio Piccolomini
* Wedding Night in Paradise (1962) - Otto Roeders, Regines Vater
* Help, My Bride Steals (1964) - Generaldirektor Schöner, Elisabeths Vater
* An der Donau, wenn der Wein blüht (1965)
* Aunt Frieda (1965) - Prinzregent
* Onkel Filser – Allerneueste Lausbubengeschichten (1966) - Prinzregent
* When Ludwig Goes on Manoeuvres (1967) - Prinzregent Luitpold (uncredited)
* Abenteuer eines Sommers (1973) - Großvater
* Das Land des Lächelns (1974) - Graf Lichtenfels
* Anna (1988) - Sänger 'Feuerwerk' (final film role)
# Jeremy Musson

Jeremy Musson (born London, 1965) is an English writer, editor and presenter, specialising in British country houses and architecture.

## Career

Musson was an architectural writer on Country Life magazine from 1995 to 1998, and its Architectural Editor from 1998 to 2007. He presented the BBC Two series The Curious House Guest (2005–6). He has been assistant historic building representative for the National Trust.

## Books

* The English Manor House
* 100 Period Details: Plasterwork
* How to Read a Country House. London: Ebury Press, ISBN 009190076X (2005)
* The Country Houses of John Vanbrugh: from the archives of Country Life. Aurum Press, ISBN 1-84513-097-9, ISBN 978-1-84513-097-8 (2008)
* English Country House Interiors (Rizzoli, 2011)
* The Country House Ideal (Merrell Publishing, 2015)
* Up and Down Stairs. London: John Murray ISBN 978-0-7195-9730-5 (2009)
* In Pursuit of the Best Gun: Westley Richards & Co. 1812-2012: a bicentennial history. Birmingham: Westley Richards & Co. ISBN 9780957108509 (2012)
* The Country House: past, present, future; David Cannadine & Jeremy Musson ISBN 9780847862726 New York: Rizzoli International (2018)
* Henbury Hall: An Extraordinary House (2019)
* Kelmscott Manor (Society of Antiquaries of London Paperback, 2022) ISBN 9780854313037
# Ferruccio Lantini

Ferruccio Lantini (1886–1958) was one of the leading figures in the Fascist Italy. He was a member of the National Fascist Party and served as the minister of corporations between 1936 and 1939 in the cabinet of Benito Mussolini.

## Early life and education

Lantini was born in Desio on the 24 August 1886. He joined the socialists and after moving to Liguria he was admitted to Freemasonry at age 18. He received a degree in commercial sciences and involved in the nationalist movement.

## Career and activities

Settled in Genoa in 1912 Lantini became part of the early nationalist group and its secretary. He was enlisted in the army in 1916 and took part in World War I as an officer. He was promoted to the rank of lieutenant and was awarded the war cross. Returning to Genoa after his discharge from the army Lantini began to work in the provincial administration of the city's treasury for which he worked until 1923. From 1920 to 1923 he was also a municipal councilor.
In November 1921 Lantini participated in the congress of the National Fascist Party in Rome and was appointed representative for Liguria in the central committee of the party which he held until January 1923 when he was named as the political commissioner for Liguria. In 1922 he also became political secretary of the Genoa fasces and continued to lead the movement in Genoa.
In 1923 Lantini launched a newspaper entitled Giornale di Genova of which the first issue appeared on 1 August and directed the paper until January 1925. In April 1924 Lantini was elected to the Chamber of Deputies for the district of Liguria. In 1927 he was appointed president of the Fascist Confederation of Merchants which he held until 1934. During his tenure Lantini and Professor Filippo Carli carried a detailed study on retail prices.
From January 1934 to 1935 Lantini headed the National Institute for Export, a body created in 1926 to promote the development of Italian trade abroad. He was appointed minister of corporations to the cabinet led by Benito Mussolini on 11 June 1936 and was in office until 31 October 1939. In November 1939 he was named as the president of the Fascist National Institute for Social Security, a body established in March 1933 following the transformation of the National Insurance Fund and his term lasted until 1943. He was the national councillor between March and October 1939 and from 8 July 1940 he was made a member of the paper and printing corporation and subsequently of the pension and credit corporation.
After the fall of Fascism Lantini remained in Rome and did not join the Italian Social Republic. After the Liberation on 20 September 1945 he was arrested and put in the prison of Regina Coeli where he remained for nine months. Following the trial which took place from 15 to 17 June 1946 he was freed and retired from public activity.

## Death

Lantini died in Rome on 26 November 1958.
# Design Village

Design Village is an outlet mall in Batu Kawan, Penang, Malaysia. Opened in 2016, it is Malaysia's biggest outlet mall, spanning a built-up area of 37,161 m$^2$ (400,000 sq ft). Design Village is reportedly built on a 24-acre tropical garden. At the time of its opening in November 2016, the mall was nearly 85% filled with tenants. Among the tenants are Timberland, Padini, Adidas, Body Glove, Levi's, Guess, Samsonite, and Cotton On. A handful of health care stores also complement the wide range of international brands, including Watsons and 7-Eleven.

## Others Malls

* The Spring Kuching
* The Spring Bintulu
# Military Scenario Definition Language

Military Scenario Definition Language (MSDL) is a standard developed by Simulation Interoperability Standards Organization (SISO).
The MSDL is now incorporated within the C2SIM Development group within SISO
Version 1. SISO-STD-007-2008: Military Scenario Definition Language (MSDL)

## Links

* Coalition Battle Management Language
* Simulation Interoperability Standards Organization
# Tiffany Steuber

Tiffany Steuber (born July 17, 1977, in Grande Prairie, Alberta as Tiffany McKeeman) is a Canadian curler from Parkland County.
Steuber's first World Curling Tour event came in 2008 at the Red Deer Curling Classic. Steuber skipped her own team that season before moving to play third for Karallee Swabb in 2009. She would only play in one event that season before forming her own team again in 2010.
Steuber won her first Tour event at the 2012 Spruce Grove Cashspiel over Holly Whyte. After skipping for three seasons, Steuber dissolved her team and joined with Kaufman in 2013. As a member of the Kaufman rink, Steuber won the 2013 Avonair Cash Spiel.
Steuber participated in her first national championship in 2024, skipping the Alberta team at the 2024 Canadian Curling Club Championships.
# Audrey Hannah

Miriam Audrey Hannah (born May 4, 1982), better known as Audrey Hannah, is a German-Canadian presenter, singer-songwriter and ballet dancer. She is known for the Christmas song "It's December (And I'll Be Missing You)".

## Early life

Miriam Hannah was born in Saarbrücken, Germany, to a Canadian mother and a German father. Her father played trumpet in an orchestra. As a child, she learned music and began singing and dancing lessons. At age 14, she graduated as ballet dancer.

## Career

In 1996, Hannah signed with a manager and became presenter of Das Ding, a children's program on SR 1 station. In 1998, she presented the Live Attack also in SR 1. The following year, Hannah signed with Edel Records. On November 26, she released her debut single "It's December (And I'll Be Missing You)", a Christmas song that peaked at number 27 on the German charts. On May 15, 2000, she released another single, "Waiting For... (Serenade Of Love)", which did not chart. Hannah signed to EMI and Capitol Records in 2002, and she announced a forthcoming debut album. On November 11, she released the first single from the album. The single, "Liquid Touch", peaked at number 67. However, the album was never released. In 2003 Hannah departed from EMI and Capitol Records and announced she was taking a hiatus.
In 2004 she joined the dance school Euschen-Gebhardt in Saarbrücken, and became an instructor there. In 2011, she returned to her artistic career as a presenter of the Big FM radio program Miri's Promi-Ecke.
Since July 29, 2017, she has moderated the drawing of the German lottery numbers, alternating with Chris Fleischhauer.

## Musical influences

Hannah cited Kylie Minogue, Britney Spears, Holly Valance, Rachel Stevens and Madonna as her biggest musical influences.

## Radio work

| Year | Title | Role | Station |
| 1996–97 | Das Ding | Presenter | SR 1 |
| 1998–99 | Live Attack | Presenter | SR 1 |
| 2011–present | Miri's Promi-Ecke | Presenter | Big FM |
| 2012–present | Liedergut - Music Made in Germany | Presenter | RPR1 |

## Discography
### Singles

List of singles, with selected chart positions :
| Title | Year | Peak chart positions | Peak chart positions | Album |
| Title | Year | GER | GER Dance | Album |
| "It's December (And I'll Be Missing You)" | 1999 | 27 | 93 | — |
| "Waiting For... (Serenade Of Love)" | 2000 | — | — | — |
| "Liquid Touch" | 2002 | 76 | — | — |
| "—" denotes releases that did not chart or were not released in that territory. |||||

### Music videos

List of music videos, showing director :
| Title | Year | Director |
| "It's December (And I'll Be Missing You)" | 1999 | — |
| "Liquid Touch" | 2002 | — |
# Karen DeYoung

Karen DeYoung is a Pulitzer Prize-winning American journalist, and is the associate editor for The Washington Post.
DeYoung was born in Florida and she grew up in St. Petersburg, Florida. She received bachelor's degrees in journalism and communications from the University of Florida.
DeYoung was married to the late Henry Champ, a Canadian journalist based in Washington, D.C.

## Career

After graduation, DeYoung worked as a non-staff stringer in West Africa. In 1975, she joined The Washington Post. From 1977 through 1988, she worked for the foreign news operation, as bureau chief for Latin America, foreign editor, and bureau chief in London. In 1989, DeYoung was promoted to the position of national editor. From 2001 to 2003 she covered U.S. foreign policy for The Washington Post.
In the days before the 2003 invasion of Iraq, DeYoung and fellow reporter Dana Priest filed a story with their editors that the CIA had significant doubts about documents alleging an attempted uranium purchase, but The Washington Post did not publish the story until March 22, 2003, after the invasion had begun. Speaking about The Post's pre-war coverage, DeYoung was quoted as saying, "We are inevitably the mouthpiece for whatever administration is in power."
DeYoung is also a member of Washington, D.C.–based think tank the Inter-American Dialogue.
She is the author of the biography Soldier: The Life of Colin Powell, having been given six in-depth and on-the-record interviews by the book's subject.

## Published works
### Books

* DeYoung, Karen (2007). Soldier: The Life of Colin Powell. Vintage. ISBN 978-1-400-07564-5.

### Videos

* Michael Kirk, Mike Wiser, Jim Gilmore, et al. (2016). The secret history of ISIS. Arlington, Virginia : PBS Distribution.
* Jake Tapper, Floyd Abrams, Max Cleland, et al. (2007). War stories : national security & the news. South Burlington, Vt. : Annenberg/CPB.
* Stephen Hess; Karen DeYoung; Joseph D Duffey (2006). Public opinion and the war on terrorism. West Lafayette, IN : National Cable Satellite Corporation.

## Honors and awards

* 1981: Maria Moors Cabot Prize for Latin America Reporting
* 2000: Sigma Delta Chi Awards for Foreign Correspondence and Investigative Reporting
* 2003: Weintal Prize for Diplomatic Reporting
* 2009: Overseas Press Club Bob Considine Award for International Affairs reporting
* 2013: Finalist to the Pulitzer Prize in the National Reporting category
* Pulitzer Prize for National Reporting
* Inter-American Press Association award
# Steven Law (businessman)

Steven Law also known as Htun Myint Naing and Lo Ping Zhong (Chinese: 羅秉忠; pinyin: Luó Bǐngzhōng) is a Burmese businessman. He is best known for being the managing director of Asia World, the country's largest conglomerate, and as son of Lo Hsing Han, one of the country's most notable drug traffickers.

## Family

Law has six brothers: Lu Law, David Lo, Eric Ping Sin Lo, Henry Lo, Moses Ping Chao Lo, and Aung Kyaw Naing, and two sisters: Daisy Lo and Thida Han Ma. He wed a Singaporean national, Cecilia Ng (Ng Sor Hong), who has two children from a previous marriage, on 16 March 1996.

## Business

Law is a prominent businessman well known for being at the helm of Myanmar's largest conglomerate company Asia World, whose investments include a container shipping line, port buildings, and toll road authorities. Law also owns of the Burmese football team Magway FC.
In 1996, he was denied a visa to the United States on suspicion of drug links. His father, Lo Hsing Han, stated that Law had no affiliation with Lo's past history in Kokang's opium industry.
# Eqlid

Eqlid (Persian: اقليد,) is a city in the Central District of Eqlid County, Fars province, Iran, serving as capital of both the county and the district.

## Historical background

During the Achaemenid empire its name was Azargarta.(source: Parto-e vahid dar asrare takhte jamshid پرتو وحید در اسرار تخت جمشید)
Eqlid's name might come from "kelid," which means key in Persian. Up to the recent years, older people used to call it "kelil." The main reason behind this name is that it was the main gateway to Fars, and specially Persepolis in the old ages and the road called "royal road" used to pass through it. other routes to Persepolis were mountainous and difficult to pass.
Legend says that Eghlid was built by three brothers called Elias, Aslam, and Orjam. There are three main neighborhood (which used to be three castles) in Eghlid bearing the name of these three brothers: Eliasan, Aslaman, Orjaman.
Eqlid has many historical places dating back to pre-Islamic era.
There is an old mosque in the center of the city (jame' mosque)

## Demographics
### Population

At the time of the 2006 National Census, the city's population was 49,709 in 10,214 households. The following census in 2011 counted 44,552 people in 12,435 households. The 2016 census measured the population of the city as 44,341 people in 13,210 households.

## Geography

Eqlid is 22 km west of the Expressway between Isfahan and Shiraz. It is close to the mountain chain of Zagros and has one of the highest elevations (a mountain peak known as Bel) among Iran cities (2250 meters).
It is also close to the desert city of Abarqu, making it a city in the border of high mountain and desert. It has a dry and cold weather, and some of its mountain peaks are covered by snow throughout the year. It is an agriculture city and its main products are wheat, barley, potato and fruits like grapes, walnut, apple, and pear. Its main road is Emam Khomeini Boulevard.

### Climate

Climate data for Eqlid (1995-2010 normals) :
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 1.3 (34.3) | 4.1 (39.4) | 7.8 (46.0) | 12.4 (54.3) | 17.1 (62.8) | 21.3 (70.3) | 23.7 (74.7) | 22.1 (71.8) | 19.2 (66.6) | 14.2 (57.6) | 7.8 (46.0) | 3.9 (39.0) | 12.9 (55.2) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 69.8 (2.75) | 52.0 (2.05) | 65.9 (2.59) | 37.4 (1.47) | 5.9 (0.23) | 1.8 (0.07) | 1.3 (0.05) | 0.3 (0.01) | 0.2 (0.01) | 3.2 (0.13) | 18.0 (0.71) | 59.7 (2.35) | 315.5 (12.42) |
| Source: IRIMO ||||||||||||||

## Universities and higher education

The following universities and centers are located in Euclid:
* Islamic Azad University
* Payam Noor Uni of Eghlid
* Eghlid University
* Eghlid Higher Education Center
# Tarnish

Tarnish is a thin layer of corrosion that forms over copper, brass, aluminum, magnesium, neodymium and other similar metals as their outermost layer undergoes a chemical reaction. Tarnish does not always result from the sole effects of oxygen in the air. For example, silver needs hydrogen sulfide to tarnish, although it may tarnish with oxygen over time. It often appears as a dull, gray or black film or coating over metal. Tarnish is a surface phenomenon that is self-limiting, unlike rust. Only the top few layers of the metal react. The layer of tarnish seals and protects the underlying layers from reacting.
Tarnish preserves the underlying metal in outdoor use, and in this form is called chemical patina. Unlike wear patina necessary in applications such as copper roofing, outdoor copper, bronze, and brass statues and fittings, chemical patina is considered a lot more uneven and undesirable. Patina is the name given to tarnish on copper-based metals, while toning is a term for the type of tarnish which forms on coins.

## Chemistry

Tarnish is a product of a chemical reaction between a metal and a nonmetal compound, especially oxygen and sulfur dioxide. It is usually a metal oxide, the product of oxidation; sometimes it is a metal sulfide. The metal oxide sometimes reacts with water to make the hydroxide, or with carbon dioxide to make the carbonate. It is a chemical change. There are various methods to prevent metals from tarnishing.

## Prevention and removal

Using a thin coat of polish can prevent tarnish from forming over these metals. Tarnish can be removed by using steel wool, sandpaper, emery paper, baking soda or a file to rub or polish the metal's dull surface. Fine objects (such as silverware) may have the tarnish electrochemically reversed (non-destructively) by resting the objects on a piece of aluminium foil in a pot of boiling water with a small amount of salt or baking soda, or it may be removed with a special polishing compound and a soft cloth. Gentler abrasives, such as calcium carbonate, are often used by museums to clean tarnished silver as they cannot damage or scratch the silver and will not leave unwanted residues.
# Erythrothrips keeni

Erythrothrips keeni is a species of predatory thrip in the family Aeolothripidae. It is found in North America.
# William Murdock

William Murdock (c. 1710 – October 17, 1769) was an American statesman in colonial Maryland. During the tensions leading up to the American Revolution, he was an important spokesman for the rights of the colonists. He was a delegate representing Maryland in the Stamp Act Congress of 1765.

## Background

Murdock was born around 1710 as the son of Capt. John Murdock, a merchant and his wife Katherine Barton. Murdock was likely a first, or second generation Marylander, his father was enormously wealthy. Around 1729, Murdock married Anne Addison. When his father died in 1733, Murdock acquired all of his landholdings.
In 1737 he first served in public office as sheriff of Prince George's County. At the time of his first election he was recorded to have owned 3,291 acres of land in Prince George's County. Murdock served as sheriff until 1740.
In 1748 Murdock enlisted in Capt. George Beall's Troop of Horse, representing Prince George's County. He would go on to serve in Maryland's lower house, representing Prince George's County from 1749 to1751. From 1749 to 1769 he served as burgess for Prince George's County.
In 1755, Murdock's first wife Anne died. On January 1, 1757, Murdock married Anne's first cousin, Margaret Dulany, the widow of Alexander Hamilton and daughter of Daniel Dulany the Elder, one of Maryland's most prominent families.

### Stamp Act Congress

In 1765 when protests over the Stamp Act resulted in calling a Congress of the several colonies in New York City, the Maryland Assembly sent Murdock as one of its delegates. Delegates from the Stamp Act Congress later produced the Declaration of Rights and Grievances.
Murdock died on October 17, 1769, at his home, Padsworth Farm, in Prince George's County, Maryland. At the time of his death, he was known to have at least 11 slaves and 2 indentured servants. His property holdings included at least 5,263 acres in Prince George's and Frederick counties, as well as lots in Annapolis.
# Bashagard District

Bashagard District (Persian: بخش بشاگرد) is a former administrative division of Jask County, Hormozgan province, Iran. Its capital was the village of Angahran, now the city of Gowharan.

## History

After the 2006 National Census, the district was separated from the county in the establishment of Bashagard County.

## Demographics
### Population

At the time of the 2006 census, the district's population was 31,235 in 7,174 households.

### Administrative divisions

Bashagard District Population :
| Administrative Divisions | 2006 |
| Gafr and Parmon RD | 7,968 |
| Gowharan RD | 13,017 |
| Jakdan RD | 8,078 |
| Sardasht RD | 2,172 |
| Total | 31,235 |
| RD = Rural District ||
# Mourinho (name)

Mourinho is a Portuguese surname, is a diminutive form of "Mouro". Notable people with the surname include:
* José Mourinho (born 1963), Portuguese football manager and former player
* Félix Mourinho (1938–2017), Portuguese professional footballer and coach, father of José Mourinho