# Timeline of South Asian history

Below is a timeline of South Asian history.
South Asia Timetable :
| Timeline and cultural period | Westcoast | Northwestern Sub-continent (West Punjab-Khyber Pakhtunkhwa) | Indo-Gangetic Plain | Indo-Gangetic Plain | Indo-Gangetic Plain | Central India Deccan Plateau | Southern India |
| Timeline and cultural period | Westcoast | Northwestern Sub-continent (West Punjab-Khyber Pakhtunkhwa) | Western Gangetic Plain (Kurukshetra) | Northern India (Central Gangetic Plain) | Northeastern India (Bengal) | Central India Deccan Plateau | Southern India |
| South Asian Stone Age (until c. 3300 BCE) | South Asian Stone Age (until c. 3300 BCE) | South Asian Stone Age (until c. 3300 BCE) | South Asian Stone Age (until c. 3300 BCE) | South Asian Stone Age (until c. 3300 BCE) | South Asian Stone Age (until c. 3300 BCE) | South Asian Stone Age (until c. 1100 BCE) | South Asian Stone Age (until c. 1100 BCE) |
| Culture | Paleolithicum (until c. 10,000 BCE) | Paleolithicum (until c. 10,000 BCE) | Paleolithicum (until c. 10,000 BCE) | Paleolithicum (until c. 10,000 BCE) | Paleolithicum (until c. 10,000 BCE) | Paleolithicum (until c. 10,000 BCE) | Paleolithicum (until c. 10,000 BCE) |
| 70,000 - 10,000 BCE | | Sanghao Caves | | | | Bhimbetka rock shelters (30,000-15,000 BCE) | |
| Culture | Mesolithicum (c. 10,000-7,000 BCE) | Mesolithicum (c. 10,000-7,000 BCE) | Mesolithicum (c. 10,000-7,000 BCE) | Mesolithicum (c. 10,000-7,000 BCE) | Mesolithicum (c. 10,000-7,000 BCE) | | Mesolithicum (c. 10,000-3,000 BCE) |
| c. 10,000-7,000 BCE | | | | | | | |
| Culture | Neolithicum (c. 7000-3300 BCE) | Neolithicum (c. 7000-3300 BCE) | Neolithicum (c. 7000-3300 BCE) | Neolithicum (c. 7000-3300 BCE) | Neolithicum (c. 7000-3300 BCE) | | Mesolithicum (c. 10,000-3000 BCE) |
| c. 7,000-3,300 BCE | | Mehrgarh | | | | | |
| BRONZE AGE (c. 3300-1100 BCE) | BRONZE AGE (c. 3300-1100 BCE) | BRONZE AGE (c. 3300-1100 BCE) | BRONZE AGE (c. 3300-1100 BCE) | BRONZE AGE (c. 3300-1100 BCE) | BRONZE AGE (c. 3300-1100 BCE) | | NEOLITHIC (c. 3000-1400 BCE) |
| Culture | | Early Harappan | | | | | |
| 3300-2600 BCE | | Early Harappan | | | | | |
| Culture | | Integration Era | | | | | |
| 2600-1900 BCE | Indus Valley civilization | Indus Valley civilization | Indus Valley civilization | | | | |
| Culture | | Localisation Era/Late Harappan OCP/Cemetery H | | | | | |
| 1900-1500 BCE | | | | Earliest known rice cultivation | | | |
| Culture | | Localisation Era/Late Harappan OCP • Cemetery H • Early Vedic period • Gandhara grave culture | | | | | Megalithic (c. 1400-1100 BCE) |
| 1500-1300 BCE | | Indo-Aryan migration | | | | | |
| 1300-1100 BCE | | Wandering Vedic Aryans | | | | | |
| IRON AGE (c. 1100-300 BCE) ||||||||
| Culture | | Middle Vedic Period | Middle Vedic Period | Middle Vedic Period | | | |
| Culture | | Gandhara grave culture | Black and red ware culture | | | | |
| 1100-800 BCE | | Vedic settlements Gandhara | Vedic settlements Kuru | | | | |
| Culture | | Late Vedic Period | Late Vedic Period | Late Vedic Period | | | |
| Culture | | Gandhara grave culture | (Brahmin ideology) • early Upanishads • Painted Grey Ware culture | (Kshatriya/Shramanic culture) • Northern Black Polished Ware | | | |
| 800-600 BCE | | Gandhara | Kuru-Pancala | Kosala-Videha | | | |
| Culture | | Late Vedic Period Mahajanapada | Late Vedic Period Mahajanapada | Late Vedic Period Mahajanapada | | | |
| Culture | | Gandhara grave culture | (Brahmin ideology) • early Upanishads • Painted Grey Ware culture | (Kshatriya/Shramanic culture) • Northern Black Polished Ware | | | |
| 6th century BCE | | Gandhara | Kuru-Panchala | Kosala Magadha Anga | | Adivasi (tribes) | |
| Culture | | Persian-Greek influences | "Second Urbanisation" | "Second Urbanisation" | "Second Urbanisation" | | |
| Culture | | Persian-Greek influences | Later Upanishads | Rise of Shramana movements Jainism - Buddhism - Ājīvika - Yoga Later Upanishads | | | |
| 5th century BCE | | (Persian rule) | | Shishunaga dynasty | | Adivasi (tribes) | |
| 4th century BCE | | (Greek conquests) | | Nanda empire Kalinga | | Adivasi (tribes) | |
| HISTORICAL AGE (after 300 BCE) ||||||||
| Culture | Spread of Buddhism | Spread of Buddhism | Spread of Buddhism | Spread of Buddhism | Spread of Buddhism | Pre-history | Sangam period (300 BCE – 200 CE) |
| 3rd century BCE | Maurya Empire | Maurya Empire | Maurya Empire | Maurya Empire | Maurya Empire | Maurya Empire | Early Cholas Early Pandyan Kingdom Satavahana dynasty Cheras |
| Culture | Preclassical Hinduism - "Hindu Synthesis" (c. 200 BCE-300 CE) Epics - Puranas - Ramayana - Mahabharata - Bhagavad Gita - Brahma Sutras - Smarta Tradition Mahayana Buddhism | Preclassical Hinduism - "Hindu Synthesis" (c. 200 BCE-300 CE) Epics - Puranas - Ramayana - Mahabharata - Bhagavad Gita - Brahma Sutras - Smarta Tradition Mahayana Buddhism | Preclassical Hinduism - "Hindu Synthesis" (c. 200 BCE-300 CE) Epics - Puranas - Ramayana - Mahabharata - Bhagavad Gita - Brahma Sutras - Smarta Tradition Mahayana Buddhism | Preclassical Hinduism - "Hindu Synthesis" (c. 200 BCE-300 CE) Epics - Puranas - Ramayana - Mahabharata - Bhagavad Gita - Brahma Sutras - Smarta Tradition Mahayana Buddhism | Preclassical Hinduism - "Hindu Synthesis" (c. 200 BCE-300 CE) Epics - Puranas - Ramayana - Mahabharata - Bhagavad Gita - Brahma Sutras - Smarta Tradition Mahayana Buddhism | Preclassical Hinduism - "Hindu Synthesis" (c. 200 BCE-300 CE) Epics - Puranas - Ramayana - Mahabharata - Bhagavad Gita - Brahma Sutras - Smarta Tradition Mahayana Buddhism | Sangam period (continued) (300 BCE – 200 CE) |
| 2nd century BCE | | Indo-Greek Kingdom | | Shunga Empire | | Adivasi (tribes) | Early Cholas Early Pandyan Kingdom Satavahana dynasty Cheras |
| 1st century BCE | | | Yona | Maha-Meghavahana Dynasty | | Adivasi (tribes) | Early Cholas Early Pandyan Kingdom Satavahana dynasty Cheras |
| 1st century CE | | Indo-Scythians Indo-Parthians | | Kuninda Kingdom | | Adivasi (tribes) | Early Cholas Early Pandyan Kingdom Satavahana dynasty Cheras |
| 2nd century | | | Pahlava | | Varman dynasty | Adivasi (tribes) | Early Cholas Early Pandyan Kingdom Satavahana dynasty Cheras |
| 3rd century | | | Kushan Empire | Western Satraps | Kamarupa kingdom | Adivasi (tribes) | Kalabhra dynasty |
| Culture | "Golden Age of Hinduism"(c. 320-650 CE) Puranas Co-existence of Hinduism and Buddhism | "Golden Age of Hinduism"(c. 320-650 CE) Puranas Co-existence of Hinduism and Buddhism | "Golden Age of Hinduism"(c. 320-650 CE) Puranas Co-existence of Hinduism and Buddhism | "Golden Age of Hinduism"(c. 320-650 CE) Puranas Co-existence of Hinduism and Buddhism | "Golden Age of Hinduism"(c. 320-650 CE) Puranas Co-existence of Hinduism and Buddhism | "Golden Age of Hinduism"(c. 320-650 CE) Puranas Co-existence of Hinduism and Buddhism | "Golden Age of Hinduism"(c. 320-650 CE) Puranas Co-existence of Hinduism and Buddhism |
| 4th century | Gupta Empire | Gupta Empire | Gupta Empire | Gupta Empire | Gupta Empire | Gupta Empire | Kadamba Dynasty Western Ganga Dynasty |
| 5th century | Gupta Empire | Gupta Empire | Gupta Empire | Gupta Empire | Gupta Empire | Gupta Empire | Vishnukundina |
| 6th century | Maitraka | | | | | Adivasi (tribes) | |
| Culture | Late-Classical Hinduism (c. 650-1100 CE) Advaita Vedanta - Tantra Decline of Buddhism in India | Late-Classical Hinduism (c. 650-1100 CE) Advaita Vedanta - Tantra Decline of Buddhism in India | Late-Classical Hinduism (c. 650-1100 CE) Advaita Vedanta - Tantra Decline of Buddhism in India | Late-Classical Hinduism (c. 650-1100 CE) Advaita Vedanta - Tantra Decline of Buddhism in India | Late-Classical Hinduism (c. 650-1100 CE) Advaita Vedanta - Tantra Decline of Buddhism in India | Late-Classical Hinduism (c. 650-1100 CE) Advaita Vedanta - Tantra Decline of Buddhism in India | Late-Classical Hinduism (c. 650-1100 CE) Advaita Vedanta - Tantra Decline of Buddhism in India |
| 7th century | Maitraka | Indo-Sassanids | Indo-Sassanids | Vakataka dynasty Empire of Harsha | Mlechchha dynasty | Adivasi (tribes) | Pallava |
| 8th century | Maitraka | | Kidarite Kingdom | | | Adivasi (tribes) | Kalachuri |
| 9th century | | Indo-Hephthalites (Huna) | Indo-Hephthalites (Huna) | Gurjara-Pratihara | | Adivasi (tribes) | Chalukya |
| 10th century | | | | | Pala dynasty Kamboja-Pala dynasty | Adivasi (tribes) | Rashtrakuta |
| Culture | Islamic rule and "Sects of Hinduism" (c. 1100-1850 CE) - Medieval and Late Puranic Period (500–1500 CE) | Islamic rule and "Sects of Hinduism" (c. 1100-1850 CE) - Medieval and Late Puranic Period (500–1500 CE) | Islamic rule and "Sects of Hinduism" (c. 1100-1850 CE) - Medieval and Late Puranic Period (500–1500 CE) | Islamic rule and "Sects of Hinduism" (c. 1100-1850 CE) - Medieval and Late Puranic Period (500–1500 CE) | Islamic rule and "Sects of Hinduism" (c. 1100-1850 CE) - Medieval and Late Puranic Period (500–1500 CE) | Islamic rule and "Sects of Hinduism" (c. 1100-1850 CE) - Medieval and Late Puranic Period (500–1500 CE) | Islamic rule and "Sects of Hinduism" (c. 1100-1850 CE) - Medieval and Late Puranic Period (500–1500 CE) |
| 11th century | Western Chalukyas | (Islamic conquests) Kabul Shahi (Islamic Empire) | Rajputs | Pala Empire Paramara dynasty Chaulukya dynasty Eastern Ganga dynasty | Sena dynasty | Adivasi (tribes) | Chola Empire Yadava dynasty Western Chalukyas Eastern Chalukyas Kakatiya dynasty Hoysala Empire |
| 12th century | Western Chalukyas | | Rajputs | Paramara dynasty Chaulukya dynasty Eastern Ganga dynasty | Sena dynasty | Adivasi (tribes) | Chola Empire Yadava dynasty Western Chalukyas Eastern Chalukyas Kakatiya dynasty Hoysala Empire |
| 13th century | | Delhi Sultanate | Delhi Sultanate | Delhi Sultanate | Delhi Sultanate | Adivasi (tribes) | Chola Empire |
| 14th century | | | Delhi Sultanate | | | Adivasi (tribes) | Vijayanagara Empire |
| 15th century | | | Delhi Sultanate | Delhi Sultanate | | Adivasi (tribes) | Vijayanagara Empire |
| 16th century | Mughal Empire | Mughal Empire | Mughal Empire | Mughal Empire | | Adivasi (tribes) | Vijayanagara Empire |
| 17th century | Mughal Empire | Mughal Empire | Mughal Empire | Mughal Empire | Mughal Empire | | Maratha Empire |
| Culture | Maratha Empire and British Colonisation - Company rule in India | Maratha Empire and British Colonisation - Company rule in India | Maratha Empire and British Colonisation - Company rule in India | Maratha Empire and British Colonisation - Company rule in India | Maratha Empire and British Colonisation - Company rule in India | Maratha Empire and British Colonisation - Company rule in India | Maratha Empire and British Colonisation - Company rule in India |
| 18th century | Maratha Empire | | Maratha Empire | | British | Maratha Empire/British | Maratha Empire/British |
| Culture | British Colonisation - British Raj | British Colonisation - British Raj | British Colonisation - British Raj | British Colonisation - British Raj | British Colonisation - British Raj | British Colonisation - British Raj | British Colonisation - British Raj |
| 19th century | | Sikh Empire | | | | | |
| Culture | British Raj - Independence struggle - Pakistan - India - Bangladesh | British Raj - Independence struggle - Pakistan - India - Bangladesh | British Raj - Independence struggle - Pakistan - India - Bangladesh | British Raj - Independence struggle - Pakistan - India - Bangladesh | British Raj - Independence struggle - Pakistan - India - Bangladesh | British Raj - Independence struggle - Pakistan - India - Bangladesh | British Raj - Independence struggle - Pakistan - India - Bangladesh |
| 20th century | Pakistan | Pakistan | India | India | Bangladesh | India | India |
| 21st century | Pakistan | Pakistan | India | India | Bangladesh | India | India |