OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Hildoceras

Hildoceras is a genus of ammonite from the Jurassic period in the family Hildoceratidae. The shells are characterized by a narrow discoidal evolute shape, keeled venter, concave ribs along the outer flanks, and a shallow spiral groove running along smooth inner flanks. Whorls slightly overlap, cross sections are compressed. The ventral keel is bordered on either side by a shallow groove. The genus was named by Alpheus Hyatt after Saint Hilda in 1876.

## Distribution

Jurassic of Bulgaria, France, Germany, Hungary, Italy, Japan, Luxembourg, Serbia and Montenegro, Spain, the United Kingdom and Iran.

## Species

* Hildoceras ameuri Rulleau, Elmi & Thevenard, 2001
* Hildoceras apertum Gabilly, 1976
* Hildoceras bifrons (Bruguière, 1789)
* Hildoceras caterinii Merla, 1932
* Hildoceras crassum Mitzopoulos, 1930
* Hildoceras lusitanicum Meister, 1913
* Hildoceras semipolitum Buckman, 1902
* Hildoceras snoussi Elmi, 1977
* Hildoceras sublevisoni Fucini, 1919
* Hildoceras tethysi Géczy, 1967
# Holland Quarry Shale

The Holland Quarry Shale is a geologic formation in Ohio. It preserves fossils dating back to the Devonian period.
# Holmpatrick Formation

The Holmpatrick Formation is a geologic formation in Ireland. It preserves fossils dating back to the Carboniferous period.
# Homoadelphoceras

Homoadelphoceras is a genus of gyroconic rutoceratid Nautiloid from the Middle Devonian of central Europe. Whorls not in contact, venter and dorsum, (outer and inner rims), broadly rounded. Dorso-lateral and ventro-lateral flanks more or less flat, meet at an angle.
Homoadelphoceras resembles Adelphoceras which differs in that its whorls are in contact, producing an impressed zone on the inner rim, or dorsum.
Both are close to their oncocerid ancestors in that their siphuncles contain laminar actinosiphonate deposits.
# Hopeman Sandstone Formation

The Hopeman Sandstone Formation is a geologic formation in Scotland. It preserves fossil footprints and body fossils from the Guadalupian Epoch in the Late Permian, to the Early Triassic, It preserves fossils and fossil footprints from various extinct animals such as pareiasaurs and dicynodonts, which are collectively often referred to as the Elgin Reptiles.
The formation, named for the village of Hopeman, lies unconformably over the Devonian Upper Old Red Sandstone, and it underlies the waterlain sandstones of the Burghead Sandstone Formation. It represents a windswept dune landscape.
The Hopeman Sandstones were previously referred to as the Cutties Hillock Sandstone, Quarry Wood Sandstones, Sandstones of Hopeman, and Hopeman-Cummingstown Sandstone, but these names have since been superseded.

## Lithology

The Hopeman Sandstone Formation is predominantly composed of fine- to coarse-grained yellowish sand with well rounded grains, mostly deposited as wind-blown dunes, but occasionally deposited by sheet floods. Basal beds are pebbly and the unit varies, exhibiting large-scale crossbedding to fine rarely contorted laminations. Some beds are friable, while others hard and siliceous.

## Origin of names

The name Cutties Hillock is believed to derive from the Scottish Gaelic ceide sealge, meaning 'hill brow of the hunting'. The name first appeared in print after the discovery of the Elgin Reptiles in 1884.
Although now formally considered part of the Hopeman Sandstone Formation, the Cuttie's Hillock Sandstone is still used to refer to the inland outcroppings of Hopeman Sandstone, particularly at Quarry Wood near Elgin. Benton and Walker (1985) argue that the name Cuttie's Hillock Sandstone should be retained to distinguish these fossil-bearing beds from those on the coast, which have only yielded footprints and very few body fossils.

## Paleobiota

The pareiasaur Elginia and dicynodonts Geikia and Gordonia are known from the formation, the fossils are preserved as hollow internal moulds within the sandstone.
# Horse Road Sandstone

The Horse Road Sandstone is a geologic formation in Scotland. It preserves fossils dating back to the Carboniferous period.
# Horton Group

The Horton Group is a geologic group in New Brunswick. It preserves fossils dating back to the Carboniferous period.
# Hound Island Volcanics

The Hound Island Volcanics is a geologic formation in Alaska. It preserves fossils dating back to the Triassic period.
# Huizachal Formation

The Huizachal Formation is a geologic formation in Mexico. It preserves fossils dating back to the Triassic period.
# Hystrix primigenia

Hystrix primigenia is an extinct species of Old World porcupine that lived during the Late Miocene and Pliocene. Fossils of this species were recovered mainly from southern Europe, from Spain to Turkey and North Africa as well. The earliest fossils were found in Greece and the Balkan peninsula.
Hystrix primigenia was much larger than living porcupines, perhaps as much as twice the size of the largest living species. It probably descended from a smaller, more primitive species known as Hystrix suevica. Hystrix primigenia seems to have been adapted to warm dry climate, and inhabited areas rich in forests and open woodland environments.
# Second Generation of Postwar Writers

The Second Generation of Postwar Writers (第二次戦後派作家, Dainiji Sengo-ha Sakka) is a classification in modern Japanese literature used for writers who appeared on the postwar literary scene between 1948 and 1949.
Exceptional in this generation of postwar writers are Mishima Yukio and Abe Kōbō, both of whom have received acclaim in Japan and abroad. At times, their reputation abroad has surpassed that of their reputation in Japan.

## List of Second Generation writers

* Mishima Yukio (三島由紀夫)
* Abe Kōbō (安部公房)
* Ōoka Shōhei (大岡昇平)
* Shimao Toshio (島尾敏雄)
* Hotta Yoshie (堀田善衛)
* Inoue Mitsuharu (井上光晴)
# Igdabatis

Igdabatis is a prehistoric genus of ray whose fossils are found in rocks dating from the Maastrichtian stage of Spain (Figuerola and La Maçana Formations of the Fontllonga Group), the Dukamaje Formation of Niger and the Takli, Lameta, Fatehgarh and Intertrappean Beds Formations of India.

## Classification
### Species

Three species of Igdabatis are known from the Cretaceous of Spain, Niger, and India.
* Igdabatis sigmodon
* Igdabatis indicus
* Igdabatis marmii
# Ilfelder Schichten Formation

The Ilfelder Schichten Formation is a geologic formation in Germany. It preserves fossils dating back to the Permian period.
# Ilsenburg Formation

The Ilsenburg Formation is a geologic formation in Germany. It preserves fossils dating back to the Cretaceous period.
# Indian Springs Formation

The Indian Springs Formation is a geologic formation in Nevada. It preserves fossils dating back to the Carboniferous period.
# Interatherium

Interatherium is an extinct genus of interatheriid notoungulate from the Early to Middle Miocene (Colhuehuapian-Mayoan). Fossils have been found in the Santa Cruz, Collón Curá and Sarmiento Formations in Argentina.

## Description

This animal, of the size similar to that of today's American Mink (it was about 40 centimeters long excluding the tail), was equipped with a rather unusual morphology if related to that of its closest relatives. Contrary to shapes like Protypotherium, Interatherium possessed short and robust legs, and a long body and similar to that of a weasel. The front legs were equipped with four fingers. The ointment phalanges were compressed laterally, and some of these were divided.
The Interatherium skull was equally aberrant: it was in fact much more compact than that of other archaic types, and the muzzle was as if it had been crushed. The jaw, in particular, was very deep and tall, protruded backwards and owned considerable notches for the insertion of powerful masses masses (one of the main muscles capable of chewing in mammals). The Masseter muscle was anchored to a large bony flange placed in the lower part of the jaw, known as the descending process. This process is greatly reduced in related interatheres: Interatherium's well developed process was superficially similar to the ones seen in glyptodonts, a taxon of giant armadillos. Like the other interactors, Interatherium possessed a complete teeth, including 44 teeth, but differ in having a diastema between the incisors and premolars. The space was accentuated by the dimensions of the last incisive and the canine, so small as to be absent in some specimens.

## Classification

Interatherium was described for the first time in 1887 by Florentino Ameghino, on the basis of fossil remains found in the province of Santa Cruz, Argentina, in strata dating to the lower Miocene. The type species is Interatherium rodens, which was named on the basis of a right maxilla that was first collected by Francisco P. Moreno in 1876-77. Several other species were described by Ameghino in 1894 (I. anguliferum, I. brevifrons, I. dentatum, I. interruptum, I. rodens, I. supernum, I. excavatus), many of which were then considered synonyms of I. rodens, though many of their holotypes have been lost.
Interatherium is the eponymous genus of the Interatheriidae family, a family that includes numerous medium-sized species from the Miocene of South America; Interatherium was most closely related to another Interathere from Santa Cruz, Cochilius.

## Paleobiology

Due to the short legs and the elongated body, some paleontologists believe that Interatherium may have been an animal that lived in underground dens, but the legs do not show particular adaptations to digging. It was certainly a herbivorous animal that fed on leaves, grass and vegetation that grew at the ground level, perhaps close to bodies of water.
# Isognomon

(For the tree oyster mushroom, see Pleurotus ostreatus.)
Isognomon is a genus of marine bivalve mollusks which is related to the pearl oysters.
Isognomon is known in the fossil record from the Permian period to the Quaternary period (age range: 254.0 to 0.012 million years ago). Fossils of species within this genus have been found all over the world.

## Taxonomy

This genus is placed in the family Isognomonidae. However previous molecular phylogeny studies have shown that these tree oysters belong in the family Pteriidae.

## Description

These oysters grow to be about 4.75 inches (12.1 cm) in overall length, producing a highly irregular shell with a blue-gray and often heavily encrusted exterior but a smooth and pearly white interior. They use their byssus to completely immobilize themselves to the roots of mangrove trees, corals, and other substrates. It is because of the preference for mangroves that these are sometimes called tree oysters

## Species

* Isognomon alatus (Gmelin, 1791) — Flat tree-oyster
* Isognomon albisoror (Iredale, 1939)
* Isognomon australica (Reeve, 1858)
* Isognomon bicolor (C.B. Adams, 1845)
* Isognomon californicus (Conrad, 1837)
* Isognomon dunkeri (P. Fischer, 1881)
* Isognomon ephippium (Linnaeus, 1758)
* † Isognomon fortissimus (L. C. King, 1933)
* Isognomon incisum (Conrad, 1837)
* Isognomon isognomum (Linnaeus, 1758)
* Isognomon janus Carpenter, 1857
* Isognomon legumen (Gmelin, 1791)
* Isognomon nucleus (Lamarck, 1819)
* Isognomon perna (Linnaeus, 1767)
* Isognomon radiatus (Anton, 1838) — Lister's tree oyster
* Isognomon recognitus (Mabille, 1895)
* Isognomon vulselloides Macsotay & Campos, 2001

## Extinct species

Extinct species within this genus include:
* †Isognomon gariesensis Kensley and Pether 1986
* †Isognomon gaudichaudi d'Orbigny 1842
* †Isognomon isognomoides Stahl 1824
* †Isognomon isognomon Linnaeus 1758
* †Isognomon isognomonoides Stahl 1824
* †Isognomon legumen Gmelin 1790
* †Isognomon maxillatus Lamarck 1819
* †Isognomon nucleus Lamarck 1819
* †Isognomon quadrisulcata Ihering 1897
* †Isognomon valvanoi Rossi de Garcia and Levy 1977
* † Isognomon wellmani Crampton, 1988

### Species brought into synonymy

* Isognomon acutirostris (Dunker, 1869): synonym of Isognomon nucleus (Lamarck, 1819)
* Isognomon anomioides (Reeve, 1858): synonym of Isognomon australica (Reeve, 1858)
* Isognomon aviculare (Lamarck, 1819): synonym of Isognomon isognomum (Linnaeus, 1758)
* Isognomon brevirostre Link, 1807: synonym of Isognomon isognomum (Linnaeus, 1758)
* Isognomon dentifer (Krauss, 1848): synonym of Isognomon nucleus (Lamarck, 1819)
* Isognomon isognomon (Linnaeus, 1758): synonym of Isognomon isognomum (Linnaeus, 1758)
* Isognomon roberti Koch, 1953: synonym of Isognomon perna (Linnaeus, 1767)
* Isognomon rude (Reeve, 1858): synonym of Isognomon isognomum (Linnaeus, 1758)
* Isognomon rupella (Dufo, 1840): synonym of Isognomon nucleus (Lamarck, 1819)
* Isognomon sulcatum Lamarck: synonym of Isognomon perna (Linnaeus, 1767)
* Isognomon vulsella (Lamarck, 1819): synonym of Isognomon legumen (Gmelin, 1791)
# Isophlebia

Isophlebia is an extinct genus of fossil odonates belonging to the family Isophlebiidae.
These fast-moving volant carnivore-insectivores lived during the Jurassic period of Germany, from 150.8 to 145.5 Ma.

## Species

* †Isophlebia aspasia Hagen, 1866
# Ivanovia

Ivanovia is an extinct genus of marine green algae belonging to the order Bryopsidales and family Codiaceae. Species belonging to the genus lived from the Pennsylvanian to the Permian and have been found in the Moscow basin, North America, Italy, Tunisia, and China.
Members of the genus have thalli (leaflike photosynthetic structures) that are cyathiform (cuplike in shape.) There are indications that asexual reproduction took place through budding of the thalli. Sexual reproduction also took place, through reproductive structures in stalked outgrowths of the thalli (oogonia and gametangia, the female and male reproductive structures of green algae.)
Bioherms (fossil algal mounds) constructed by Ivanovia are prominent in the Paradox Formation of the Colorado Plateau, where they are important petroleum reservoirs.
It is possible that Ivanovia is a taphotaxon of Anchicondium or Eugonophyllum; that is, a characteristic diagenetic alteration of an original fossil organism that lacks taxonomic significance.
# Paraje Solo Formation

The Paraje Solo Formation is a geologic formation in Mexico. It preserves fossils dating back to the Neogene period.
# Turritella vermicularis

Turritella vermicularis is an extinct species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Turritellidae.
These sea snails lived from the Miocene to the Pliocene epoch, approximately from 37.2 to 2.588 million years ago.

## Description

Shells of Turritella vermicularis can reach a size of 28–83 millimetres (1.1–3.3 in).

## Distribution

Fossils have been found in the Pliocene sediments in Italy and Spain, in the Miocene of Austria, Italy and Romania and in the Eocene of Namibia.
# Van Nuys Assembly

Van Nuys Assembly was a General Motors automobile factory in Van Nuys, California. The plant opened in 1947 producing Chevrolet Advance Design trucks. Later it would produce several different models including Chevrolet full-size (Caprice, Impala, etc.), Chevrolet Corvair, Chevrolet Greenbrier, Chevrolet Chevelle, Chevrolet Nova / Buick Apollo / Oldsmobile Omega / Pontiac Ventura, and Chevrolet Camaro / Pontiac Firebird. It also produced the Chevrolet Monte Carlo and the Buick Skylark. The plant was closed in 1992 when Camaro/Firebird production moved to Sainte-Thérèse Assembly in Quebec due to air quality remediation efforts.
The site was razed in 1993. A retail and industrial complex, known as The Plant, resulted on the 68-acre (28 ha) site, as well as Station 81 of the Los Angeles Fire Department. The retail portion totals 365,000 square feet (33,900 m$^2$) and is home to 35 retail stores and restaurants. A 16-screen movie theater honors the site history with automotive themed décor. A mural on both sides of Van Nuys Boulevard, under the rail bridge across from the Van Nuys Station, pays homage to the glory years of the GM plant.
# Old Greenville City Hall

Old Greenville City Hall is a former building in Greenville, South Carolina, originally built as the U.S. Courthouse and Post Office in 1889 on the corner of Main and Broad Streets. Transferred to the city of Greenville in 1938, it served as the Greenville city hall. It was listed in the National Register of Historic Places on August 19, 1971, and was removed in 1973 after its demolition.

## History

The courthouse and post office was designed by James H. Windrim, who was Supervisory Architect for the United States Department of the Treasury. and built on the site of the home of Colonel David Hoke. The resident architect for the construction was James R. Lawrence, who moved from Port Huron, Michigan, to complete the project.
In 1909, James Knox Taylor was the Supervisory Architect for an addition to its north side. More alterations or minor additions were made in 1923, 1924, 1927, 1929, and 1931.
The U.S. Circuit Court for the Western District of South Carolina met here until 1898. The U.S. District Court for the Western District of South Carolina met here until 1937.
The city of Greenville traded the federal government a parcel of land on East Washington Street for the courthouse. After construction of a new post office on that parcel, the building became the Greenville City Hall in 1938.
A new city hall was built on an adjoining lot formerly occupied by a Masonic Temple, the Old City Hall was demolished in 1973, and a parking garage was built on its site across Broad Street from the Peace Center.

## Architecture

The two-story building was designed in Richardsonian Romanesque style with a red tiled roof, castellated towers, and precast terracotta insets. The foyer had pink marble floors and the staircase that led to the tower was designed with half-turns on its landings. The building has been compared to the Smithsonian Castle.
# Celine Engelstad

Celine Engelstad AS is a Norwegian jewelry company headquartered in Oslo, Norway. The company was founded in 2007 by Celine Engelstad and Gunnvor Vik. The company produces handmade unique jewelry. They launched their first jewelry collection in October 2008.
By today several well-known persons are fond of being associated with the brand Celine Engelstad. Among others, to be mentioned are Lady Gaga, Rihanna, Paris Hilton, Tone Damli Aaberge, Princess Märtha Louise and Daniel Franck.

## Description

Since their market entry in 2008 the company has been growing at 40 percent (2009–2010), highlighted by the recent establishment of an AS in 2010. Suppliers are located outside Hong Kong, and the chain has a total of 60 stores in Norway. The company's two main dealers are Mestergull and Thune.
The firm offers handmade and partly machine-made unique jewelry, focusing on details, hand-crafting and unique combinations of materials. Silver and 14 carat gold are used as basic materials, decorated with Swarovski crystals, freshwater pearls, leather, glass and other stones.
# Memunda

Memunda is a village near Vatakara town in Kozhikode district of Kerala, south India. The Lokanarkavu Temple is located at Memunda.

## Geography

Memunda is located on the east coast(6 km away) of Arabian Sea. It is surrounded by two hills, Muthappan hill and Valiya Mala.

## History

The story of Thacholi Othenan is related to Memunda. Many exploits of Thacholi Othenan, the hero of the ballads of north malabar (Vadakkan Pattukal) were held in is the Lokanarkavu, in Memunda. Annual ceremonies are conducted in memory of "Othenan" whose birthplace is Manikoth, Meppayil near Memunda.

## Tourism

The main attraction in Memunda is the 'Lokanarkavu Utsavam' (festival) during the months of Vrishchikam (November–December) and Meenam (March–April). The village has three rock-cut caves. The majority of the residents of Memunda are day laborers although there also reside many architects, teachers, and remote workers. There is also Kunnoth Para Quarry, a rock quarry in Memunda.

## Constituent villages of Memunda

* Memunda
* Keezhal
* Kavil
* Kuttoth
* Arakulngara
* Bankroad

## Transportation

Memunda is connected to other parts of India through Vatakara city in the west and Kuttiady in the east. National Highway 66 passes through Vatakara and the northern stretch connects to Mangalore, Goa and Mumbai. The southern stretch connects to Cochin and Trivandrum. The eastern Highway going through Kuttiady connects to Mananthavady, Mysore and Bangalore. The nearest airports are at Kannur and Kozhikode. The nearest railway station is at Vatakara.
# Limnocalanus macrurus

Limnocalanus macrurus is a species of crustacean belonging to the family Centropagidae.
It is native to Eurasia and Northern America.
# Henry Chamberlin

Henry Chamberlin (31 July 1825 – 12 April 1888), in many sources referred to as Chamberlain, was a member of the New Zealand Legislative Council. He came to New Zealand in his late 20s with a younger brother and a lot of capital, which he invested in land south and west of Auckland. After a failed attempt to win election to the House of Representatives in 1867, he was called to the Legislative Council in early 1869. He remained a member until his accidental drowning in 1888.

## Early life and family

Chamberlin was born at Narborough Hall in Narborough, Norfolk on 31 July 1825 and baptised on 7 August, one of ten children of Hannah Chamberlin (née Tyne, 1799–1863) and Henry Chamberlin (1773–1848). He had one elder sister and eight younger siblings.
After some years in New Zealand, Chamberlin returned to England in the late 1850s to marry Elizabeth Catherine Heard (1841–1929) at St Mary and St Peter's Church in Kelsale, Suffolk in November 1859. They had one daughter, Eva Ellen Chamberlin, born in 1861.

## Life in New Zealand

Chamberlin and his younger brother Charles (1829–1878) came to Auckland in 1853; Chamberlin had about £20,000 when he immigrated and he invested mostly in land, much of it in the Raglan, Drury, and Hobsonville areas. One of his first purchases was at Ōpaheke in 1853. Ponui Island, also known as Chamberlin's Island, belonged to his brother Charles.
In the 1860s, Chamberlin was a trustee of the Hūnua Highway Board. When Joseph Newman resigned his membership in the House of Representatives for the Raglan electorate, Chamberlin was one of three candidates contesting the 1867 Raglan by-election. Chamberlin was nominated by Reader Wood but came last, getting 10% of the vote. During the premiership of Edward Stafford, Chamberlin was called to the New Zealand Legislative Council, effective from 8 February 1869. Appointments at the time were for life and he held membership until his death.

## Death

Chamberlin fell into a hole on his Drury property and drowned; he had long been prospecting on his land for coal and had recently dug the trench in which he drowned. The inquest was held on 16 April at the Railway Hotel in Drury. The intention was for him to be buried at St Stephen's Chapel but the graveyard had been restricted for family burials, and his body was interred at St Thomas' Cemetery in Kohimarama instead. The funeral was attended by Frederick Whitaker, William Pollock Moat, and Frederick Moss.
His wife died in October 1929 and his daughter in November 1938.