OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Nohad Machnouk

Nohad Machnouk (or Machnouq, Arabic: نهاد المشنوق; born 1955) is a Lebanese politician who was the Lebanese Minister of Interior and Municipalities and a Member of Parliament representing Beirut’s second district. He is a member of the “Future Bloc” coalition and serves on the Human Rights and Foreign Affairs parliamentary committees. He also serves on the ministerial committee charged with responding to the Syrian refugee crisis.

## Early life

Machnouk was born in Beirut, Lebanon, in 1955, to a Sunni Muslim family that traces its roots to Hama, Syria. After starting his career as a journalist, El Machnouk was hired by Lebanese weekly magazine Annahar and wrote extensively on regional issues.

## Political career

In 1983, he assumed his first political role as co-founder of Al Liqa’ al-Islami ("The Islamic Meeting"), a political gathering of prominent politicians and civil society leaders that called for an end to Syrian dominance of Lebanon and a halt to civil conflict.
In 1992, he was appointed senior political advisor to Prime Minister Rafic Hariri. He served in this position until 1998, when he was forced into exile by the Syrian intelligence apparatus for his efforts to reduce Syrian tutelage of the country. Upon the withdrawal of Syrian troops in 2005, he resumed his journalistic career as a weekly columnist for Lebanese daily Assafir, before running for parliament in 2009. In 2014, he was named Minister of Interior and Municipalities in Tammam Salam’s national unity government.
As minister, he devised and implemented a comprehensive security strategy to gradually impose state sovereignty on all the Lebanese territory. This put an end to the rounds of sectarian infighting that had taken place in North Lebanon for a decade and helped dismantle the criminal networks that served as support infrastructures for terrorist groups operating in the northeast of the country.
In December 2016, Nohad El Machnouk was appointed Minister of Interior and Municipalities.

### Beirut protests

On 22 August 2015, protesters took to the streets of Beirut demanding a resolution to the trash crisis, the protests led to a clash with the riot police who fired tear gas and water cannons at the protesters and shot rubber bullets directly at them and real bullets in the air. Hundreds of people were wounded in the events and the public demanded the prosecution of the responsible forces and the resignation of Machnouk.
Machnouk was abroad at the time of the protests. However, upon his return he defended officers involved in controlling the protests and rejected calls for his resignation, describing the aftermath of the protests as vandalism by rioters who had taken advantage of the chaos.
At the same time, Machnouk was criticized as a video clip was widely shared online and on Lebanese television, that appeared to show him dancing at a bar on the Greek island of Mykonos as the crisis escalated in Beirut.
# Antoine Fiévet

Antoine Fiévet is a French businessman, the Chairman of the Bel Group and its CEO until 2022.

## Biography

Antoine Fiévet is the great-grandson of Léon Bel, the founder of the Bel Group.
He attended Paris-II University where he studied economics and law. He then graduated from ISG Business School in 1990.
Fiévet started his career in advertising.
He was appointed as the chief executive officer of the Bel Group on April 25, 2001. He has served as its chairman since May 14, 2009. He also serves as the chairman of the board of Unibel, the investment vehicle of the founding family, who are majority shareholders (the minority shareholders are the Besnier family, the owners of Lactalis).
He serves on the board of directors of Bonduelle, a company of tinned food.
He is one of the richest people in France.
# Annie Brewer

Annie Elizabeth Brewer (21 November 1874 – 30 January 1921) also known as Nancy, was a British nurse. She served in France throughout the First World War, often close to the front line, being injured in a shellfire attack. She was awarded the Legion d'Honneur and the Croix de Guerre. She also received the British War Medal and Victory Medal from the British Government but, since her death in 1921, has not been recognised by a Commonwealth War Graves Commission gravestone.

## Background

Annie Brewer was born in Newport, South Wales, on 21 November 1874. At the age of 24 she qualified as a nurse of 'insane persons' and worked in hospitals around Britain including in London and Chester, before travelling around Europe as a personal nurse and companion.

## War record

While in Paris in 1914, war broke out and she joined the French nursing and ambulance services, the Fondation Baye, serving at the Marne, the Somme and Verdun. She helped with 229 operations in 7 days at the battle of Verdun. On one occasion the ambulance in which she was travelling was shelled and she was wounded in the head and leg. She also came under shellfire while working in a French hospital. The strain led to a period of serious illness, but she insisted on returning to duty once she recovered.

## Marriage

She married French ambulance driver Daniel Mistrick, on the Verdun battlefield according to French genealogy sources. After the war she remained in Europe, working at a feeding station in Germany with the French army of occupation.

## Death

In 1921, she returned to Newport to nurse her ailing mother at 23 West Street, but was herself seriously ill and died of kidney disease, Bright's disease, on 30 January 1921 aged 46. Although she is buried at St. Woolos cemetery, she currently does not have a war grave. Gwent Western Front Association are campaigning for the Commonwealth War Graves Commission to put her on their register.

## Commemoration

Ian Brewer, Annie's great nephew, has researched the life of Annie Brewer, published on BBC Cymru. She was also featured in BBC Wales television documentary Annie's War: A Welsh Nurse on the Western Front. The Western Front Association unveiled a blue plaque on West Street with guests including members of Mrs. Mistrick's family, Health Minister Vaughan Gething and pupils from St. Woolos primary school, on 30 January 2018.
# Walmer Estate

Walmer Estate is a suburb of Cape Town in the Western Cape province of South Africa. It lies at the foot of Table Mountain and is bordered to the south by Table Mountain National Park, to the north-east by Woodstock and to the west by Zonnebloem. It covers an area of 0.47 km$^2$.

## History

Walmer Estate was part of the former District Six area of Cape Town, which was subject to forced removals under the now repealed Group Areas Act.

## Demographics

The current population of Walmer estate is cosmopolitan, with a population of 17.9% Black African, 55.6% Coloured, 10% Indian/Asian and 8.8% White. The main languages spoken are English and Afrikaans.
The suburb has been experiencing urban renewal.

## Education

The suburb is home to the Walmer Estate Primary School, Walmer Secondary School and the Holy Cross RC Primary School.

## Religion

Places of worship in the area include The Parish of Saint Bartholomew, St Marks Church, and the Walmer Estate Mosque.
# Diapontia

Diapontia is a genus of spiders in the family Lycosidae. It was first described in 1877 by Keyserling.

## Species

As of January 2023 it contains nine species:
* Diapontia anfibia (Zapfe-Mann, 1979) — Chile, Argentina
* Diapontia arapensis (Strand, 1908) — Peru
* Diapontia calama Piacentini, Scioscia, Carbajal, Ott, Brescovit & Ramírez, 2017 — Chile
* Diapontia chamberlini Piacentini, Scioscia, Carbajal, Ott, Brescovit & Ramírez, 2017 — Peru
* Diapontia niveovittata Mello-Leitão, 1945 — Brazil, Paraguay, Argentina
* Diapontia oxapampa Piacentini, Scioscia, Carbajal, Ott, Brescovit & Ramírez, 2017 — Peru
* Diapontia securifera (Tullgren, 1905) — Argentina, Chile
* Diapontia songotal Piacentini, Scioscia, Carbajal, Ott, Brescovit & Ramírez, 2017 — Bolivia
* Diapontia uruguayensis Keyserling, 1877 — Brazil, Paraguay, Uruguay, Argentina, Chile
# C. Stanley Lewis

C. Stanley Lewis, or Stanley Lewis (born 1941) is an artist and art teacher. He was a member of the Bowery Gallery in New York City from 1986 to 2008 and of the Oxbow Gallery in Northampton, Massachusetts. Lewis is currently represented by the Betty Cuningham Gallery in New York City.
An emeritus professor from American University, Lewis also taught at the Kansas City Art Institute from 1969 to 1986, and currently teaches part-time at the New York Studio School. In addition, Lewis has taught at Kansas City Art Institute, Smith College, and the Parsons School of Design. In 2001, he was Artist-in-Residence at Dartmouth College. "Recent group exhibitions in 2009 include the American Academy of Arts & Letters Invitational; Haverford College and Gross-McCleaf Gallery, PA." Lewis has been the recipient of many awards, including the Altman Prize, a Henry Ward Ranger Purchase Award from the National Academy of Design, and a Guggenheim Fellowship in 2005. He was also a Danforth Fellow.
There was a major retrospective of Lewis' work at the American University Museum in the Katzen Arts Center in Washington, D.C. in 2007. He is a graduate of Wesleyan University and received both a BFA and an MFA from the Yale School of Art.
In a 2011 review in The Brooklyn Rail of Lewis's recent work, Ben La Rocco writes, "Lewis's paintings are questions. How can paint address the quality of light and presence of a place so as to rival the experience of the place itself?"
# Babe Pratt Trophy

The Walter "Babe" Pratt Trophy is an annual award presented to the best defenceman on the Vancouver Canucks of the National Hockey League (NHL). One of six annual team awards presented to Canucks players, it is voted by the team fans and is presented at the last home game of the regular season. The most recent recipient is Quinn Hughes, who won it for the first time in the 2019–20 season.

## History

The trophy was first awarded for the 1972–73 season as the Premier's Trophy. After the death of Hall of Fame defenceman and Canucks goodwill ambassador Babe Pratt, the trophy was renamed in honour of him for the 1989–90 season. Originally, the trophy's recipient was decided by local media, but is now decided by a fan vote.
The most prolific award winners in trophy's history have been:
* Quinn Hughes – 5 times (2020, 2021, 2022, 2023, 2024)
* Mattias Ohlund – 4 times (1998, 2000, 2004, 2006)
* Jyrki Lumme – 4 times (1992, 1994, 1996, 1997)
* Doug Lidster – 4 times (1985, 1986, 1987, 1991)
* Harold Snepsts – 4 times (1978, 1979, 1980, 1982)
* Alexander Edler – 3 times (2012, 2018, 2019)
* Ed Jovanovski – 3 times (2001, 2002, 2003)

## Winners

* Player is still active with the Canucks
| Season | Winner | Win # | Ref |
| 1972–73 | Barry Wilkins | 1 | |
| 1973–74 | Jocelyn Guevremont | 1 | |
| 1974–75 | Bob Dailey | 1 | |
| 1975–76 | Dennis Kearns | 1 | |
| 1976–77 | Dennis Kearns | 2 | |
| 1977–78 | Harold Snepsts | 1 | |
| 1978–79 | Harold Snepsts | 2 | |
| 1979–80 | Harold Snepsts | 3 | |
| 1980–81 | Kevin McCarthy | 1 | |
| 1981–82 | Harold Snepsts | 4 | |
| 1982–83 | Doug Halward | 1 | |
| 1983–84 | Rick Lanz | 1 | |
| 1984–85 | Doug Lidster | 1 | |
| 1985–86 | Doug Lidster | 2 | |
| 1986–87 | Doug Lidster | 3 | |
| 1987–88 | Jim Benning | 1 | |
| 1988–89 | Paul Reinhart | 1 | |
| 1989–90 | Paul Reinhart | 2 | |
| 1990–91 | Doug Lidster | 4 | |
| 1991–92 | Jyrki Lumme | 1 | |
| 1992–93 | Dana Murzyn | 1 | |
| 1993–94 | Jyrki Lumme | 2 | |
| 1994–95 | Jeff Brown | 1 | |
| 1995–96 | Jyrki Lumme | 3 | |
| 1996–97 | Jyrki Lumme | 4 | |
| 1997–98 | Mattias Ohlund | 1 | |
| 1998–99 | Adrian Aucoin | 1 | |
| 1999–2000 | Mattias Ohlund | 2 | |
| 2000–01 | Ed Jovanovski | 1 | |
| 2001–02 | Ed Jovanovski | 2 | |
| 2002–03 | Ed Jovanovski | 3 | |
| 2003–04 | Mattias Ohlund | 3 | |
| 2004–05 | Season cancelled due to the 2004–05 NHL lockout | Season cancelled due to the 2004–05 NHL lockout | Season cancelled due to the 2004–05 NHL lockout |
| 2005–06 | Mattias Ohlund | 4 | |
| 2006–07 | Kevin Bieksa | 1 | |
| 2007–08 | Willie Mitchell | 1 | |
| 2008–09 | Willie Mitchell | 2 | |
| 2009–10 | Christian Ehrhoff | 1 | |
| 2010–11 | Christian Ehrhoff | 2 | |
| 2011–12 | Alexander Edler | 1 | |
| 2012–13 | Dan Hamhuis | 1 | |
| 2013–14 | Dan Hamhuis | 2 | |
| 2014–15 | Chris Tanev | 1 | |
| 2015–16 | Ben Hutton | 1 | |
| 2016–17 | Troy Stecher | 1 | |
| 2017–18 | Alexander Edler | 2 | |
| 2018–19 | Alexander Edler | 3 | |
| 2019–20 | Quinn Hughes | 1 | |
| 2020–21 | Quinn Hughes | 2 | |
| 2021–22 | Quinn Hughes | 3 | |
| 2022–23 | Quinn Hughes | 4 | |
| 2023–24 | Quinn Hughes | 5 | |
# Estonia national football team results (2020–present)

This article provides details of international football games played by the Estonia national football team from 2020 to present.

## Results

Key :
* Win
* Draw
* Defeat
# Common normal (robotics)

In robotics the common normal of two non-intersecting joint axes is a line perpendicular to both axes.
The common normal can be used to characterize robot arm links, by using the "common normal distance" and the angle between the link axes in a plane perpendicular to the common normal. When two consecutive joint axes are parallel, the common normal is not unique and an arbitrary common normal may be used, usually one that passes through the center of a coordinate system.
The common normal is widely used in the representation of the frames of reference for robot joints and links, and the selection of minimal representations with the Denavit–Hartenberg parameters.
# Matunga Road railway station

Matunga Road ( station code:MRU) is the name of a railway station on the Western Line of the Mumbai Suburban Railway network. It offers access to Matunga and Shivaji Park areas of Mumbai. It should not be confused with the nearby Matunga railway station, which is on the Central Line just to the east. Matunga Road is one of the smallest railway halt in Mumbai in terms of number of passengers and number of platforms. The Ruparel College is the nearest college to this station. Fast local trains between Churchgate and Virar do not stop at Matunga Road station. It has been documented as the first suburban station on Western Railway to be run by all-women staff.

## Events

Western Railway on International Women's Day 2018, stepped in to make one of its railway station Matunga Road to be run by all women staff. Western Railway posted a total of 31 women staffers as frontline staff, comprising Commercial, Operating and Security departments. It includes 13 Commercial clerks and 3 Ticket checking staff to undertake commercial activities, whereas 11 Operating staff (Station Master and Points person) and 4 Railway Protection Force personnel. These handle overall operations of Matunga Road station round the clock as of 2018. In addition to this, Western Railway also collaborated with Rotary Club of Bombay Queen for beautification of Matunga Road station in 2018. The theme-based painting work depicting the diversified role and emergence of women in the Society has been planned across the Booking offices, Station Superintendent office and Foot over Bridges. With this, Matunga Road became the first such station on the Western Railway and the second suburban railway station in Mumbai to be operated only by women.

## Incidents

At 1.40pm on 29 October 1993 a "crude bomb with lots of nails" exploded under the seat of a second-class compartment in a train at Matunga Road station. 2 people died and 40 were injured.
Matunga Road was one of the stations affected by 11 July 2006 Mumbai train bombings. Just before 18.15, a bomb exploded in the first-class general compartment of the 17.57 Churchgate-Virar fast train as the train was passing Matunga Road station on the fast line. There was no damage to the station. A memorial plaque stands at the north end of the station today.

## Gallery

* British Era Footover bridge ramp at Matunga Rd
* The Stone Booking Office of Matunga Rd
* Matunga Road railway station - Overview showing Lines 2,3,4 & 5
* Matunga Road Platform Board
# Frantic Assembly

Frantic Assembly is a theatre production company. They have worked in over 40 countries and are widely studied as practitioners for A-Levels in the UK.

## Background

Frantic Assembly was formed by three students of Swansea University in 1994. None of the three studied drama but were inspired by theatre and wanted to create their own unique company. They wanted to create non-realistic pieces through much movement and music, although they have always said this should never stray from the storyline.
Their most notable production, in cooperation with The National Theatre, is The Curious Incident Of The Dog In The Night-Time, which won a Tony award for Best Play in 2015. In 2016, Frantic Assembly collaborated with State Theatre South Australia and Andrew Bovell to create Things I Know To Be True. They toured Australia (2016) and the UK (2016 and 2017).
In 2018, Frantic Assembly launched a podcast with guest appearances from old-school teachers of Scott Graham, Simon Stephens and Karl Hyde from Underworld.
| Production Name | Year Performed | Music By | Written By |
| Look Back In Anger | 1994 | | John Osborne, adapted by Spencer Hazel |
| Klub | 1995 | | Devised by Frantic Assembly |
| Flesh | 1996 | Various | Devised by Frantic Assembly |
| Zero | 1997 | N/A | Devised by Frantic Assembly |
| Sell Out | 1998 | | Michael Wynne |
| Hymns | 1999 | Various | Chris O'Connell |
| Underworld | 2001 | Various | Nicola McCartney |
| Tiny Dynamite | 2001 | Various | Abi Morgan |
| Heavenly | 2002 | Various | Scott Graham, Steven Hoggett, Liam Steel |
| Peepshow | 2002 | Lamb | Isabel Wright |
| Rabbit | 2003 | Deadly Avenger | Brendan Cowell |
| On Blindness | 2004 | Various | Glyn Cannon |
| Dirty Wonderland | 2005 | Goldfrapp | Devised by Frantic Assembly, scripted by Michael Wynne |
| Pool (No Water) | 2006 | Imogen Heap | Mark Ravenhill |
| Stockholm | 2007 | Various | Bryony Lavery |
| Othello | 2008 | Hybrid | William Shakespeare (edited by Scott Graham & Steven Hoggett) |
| Beautiful Burnout | 2010 | Underworld | Bryony Lavery |
| Lovesong | 2011 | Various | Abi Morgan |
| Little Dogs | 2012 | Hybrid | Devised by Frantic Assembly |
| The Curious Incident of the Dog in the Night-Time | 2012 | | A National Theatre Production based on the novel by Mark Haddon, adapted by Simon Stephens |
| The Believers | 2014 | Various | Bryony Lavery |
| No Way Back | 2015 | Various | Devised by Frantic Assembly |
| Things I Know To Be True | 2016 | Nils Frahm | Andrew Bovell |
| This Will All Be Gone | 2017 | Various | Devised by Frantic Assembly |
| Fatherland | 2017 | Karl Hyde | Scott Graham, Simon Stephens, Karl Hyde |
| The Unreturning | 2018 | Pete Malkin | Anna Jordan |
| Sometimes Thinking | 2019 | Underworld | Phil Porter |
| I Think We Are Alone | 2020 | Ella Wahlstrom | Sally Abbott |
| Metamorphosis | 2023 | Stefan Janik | Lemn Sissay, based on the Novel by Franz Kafka |
# Richard Potter (Canadian politician)

Richard Thomas Potter (January 20, 1915 – February 16, 2009) was a Canadian physician and politician in Ontario. He served as a Progressive Conservative member of the Legislative Assembly of Ontario from 1967 to 1975, representing the eastern Ontario riding of Quinte.

## Background

He received his early education locally before attending Queen's University in Kingston, Ontario. In 1939, he graduated as a physician. Immediately after graduation, he enlisted in the Royal Canadian Army Medical Corps, serving as a military medic during the Second World War. Using his medical expertise, he provided care to soldiers injured in battles across Europe.
Potter was part of an advanced mobile medical unit, responsible for treating soldiers close to the front lines. By the end of his military service, he had attained the rank of lieutenant colonel.
Following his discharge, Potter returned to his hometown of Belleville, Ontario, where he established himself as a family doctor and anesthetist. In addition to his medical career, he married Enid Grace Weaver, with whom he raised four children: Thomas, Frances, Andrew, and Karen.

## Politics

In 1950, Potter began his political career when he was elected as an Alderman in Belleville, Ontario. The following year, he successfully ran for Mayor, campaigning on promises to establish a municipal health unit and expand community facilities.
In the 1967 provincial election, Potter ran as the Progressive Conservative candidate for the Quinte riding. He defeated Ronald Joss of the Liberal Party by a margin of 4,092 votes.
Potter was re-elected in the 1971 provincial election. Following the election, Premier Bill Davis appointed Potter as a Minister without portfolio.
In February 1972, Potter was promoted to Minister of Health. Two years later, in 1974, he was reassigned to serve as the Minister of Correctional Services.

### Cabinet positions

Ontario provincial government of Bill Davis :
| Cabinet posts (2) |||
| Predecessor | Office | Successor |
| Syl Apps | Minister of Correctional Services 1974-1975 | John Smith |
| Bert Lawrence | Minister of Health 1972-1974 | Frank Miller |

## Later life

Potter retired from politics in 1975 at the age of 60, following a career marked by significant contributions to health and welfare reforms during his tenure as a cabinet minister. In 1976, he was appointed as the regional coroner, a role that required him to close his private medical practice and dedicate himself fully to public service.
Later in life, Potter and his wife moved to a nursing home in Oakville, Ontario to be closer to their grandchildren. He died there on February 16, 2009, at the age of 94.
# Reuven Dafni

Reuven Dafni (Hebrew: ראובן דפני; born Ruben Kandt; 11 November 1913 – 13 June 2005) was a wartime British officer and special forces soldier and a soldier and diplomat for Israel. He was also one of the founders of kibbutz Ein Gev and a longtime assistant director of the Yad Vashem memorial center.

## Early life

Dafni was born on 11 November 1913, in Zagreb, in what was then the largely-autonomous region of Croatia-Slavonia in Austria-Hungary. He came from an educated family that was Croatian and Jewish; he had two siblings. At the end of the World War I, the region was united with the Serbia, to form the Kingdom of Yugoslavia.
In the early 1930s, Dafni was studying in Vienna, where his father was a diplomat: he was a keen athlete, a member of the student union and an activist in the Zionist youth movement.
In 1936, Dafni emigrated to Mandatory Palestine, then under British administration, and became one of the founders of kibbutz Ein Gev.

## War service

In 1940, he took up arms against the Nazis and joined the British Army. He served in the Greek Campaign and in the Battle of Crete, as well as in the North African Campaign.
In 1942, a new Palestine Regiment, was created and Dafni was one of its soldiers. He also volunteered for training for special operations.
In mid-March 1944, along with several other agents, Dafni was parachuted behind enemy lines into occupied Yugoslavia. He met up with the Partisans and kept them in contact with the Western Allies; he spent six months in Croatia.
For his war-service, Warrant Officer (Company Sergeant-Major) Dafni was recognised with a Mention in Despatches (MiD). He was also commissioned as an officer.

## Post-war
### Eretz Israel

After the war he returned to his kibbutz, but in 1946, as a member of the Haganah, Dafni went to the United States to raise funds and purchase weapons for the defence of the Yishuv; one of his contributors was Bugsy Siegel. Dafni returned to the United States in 1948, now helping to raise funds for the newly established State of Israel.

### Diplomat

In 1948, he was also appointed as the first Israeli consul in Los Angeles. From 1953 to 1956, he served as consul general of Israel in New York City. Later, he also served as consul general in Bombay, India, and also served as ambassador to Kenya (1969 to 1973) and Thailand.

### Yad Vashem

For 13 years, from 1983 to 1996, Dafni served as assistant director, in Jerusalem, of Yad Vashem: Israel's official memorial to the victims of the Holocaust.

## Family life

Dafni was married to Rina (née Grossman) with whom he had two children, a son, Yoram, and a daughter, Avital. The couple later divorced and Dafni remarried twice.