# List of the Cenozoic life of Nebraska

This list of the Cenozoic life of Nebraska contains the various prehistoric life-forms whose fossilized remains have been reported from within the US state of Nebraska and are between 66 million and 10,000 years of age.

## A

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* Acer
** †Acer minor
* †Achlyoscapter
* Acipenser
* †Aciprion
** †Aciprion formosum
* Acris
** †Acris crepitans – or unidentified comparable form
* Mounted fossilized skeleton of the Miocene horse Acritohippus †Acritohippus
** †Acritohippus isonesus
** †Acritohippus tertius
* †Adeloblarina – or unidentified comparable form
* †Adjidaumo
** †Adjidaumo intermedius – type locality for species
** †Adjidaumo maximus – type locality for species
** †Adjidaumo minimus
** †Adjidaumo minutus
* †Aelurodon
** †Aelurodon asthenostylus
** †Aelurodon ferox
** †Aelurodon mcgrewi – type locality for species
** †Aelurodon stirtoni
** †Aelurodon taxoides
** †Aelurodon wheelerianus – or unidentified comparable form
* Life restoration of the Miocene camel Aepycamelus, or the long-necked camel. Heinrich Harder (1920). †Aepycamelus
** †Aepycamelus major
** †Aepycamelus robustus
* Agkistrodon
** †Agkistrodon contortix – or unidentified comparable form
* †Agnotocastor
** †Agnotocastor readingi – type locality for species
* †Agriochoerus
** †Agriochoerus antiquus
* †Agriotherium
* Restorative model of the Miocene deer relative Aletomeryx †Aletomeryx
** †Aletomeryx gracilis – type locality for species
** †Aletomeryx marslandensis – type locality for species
* †Alforjas
* †Alilepus
** †Alilepus vagus
* Alligator
** †Alligator mcgrewi – type locality for species
** †Alligator mefferdi – type locality for species
** †Alligator thomsoni – type locality for species
* †Allomys
** †Allomys harkseni
* †Allophaiomys
* †Alluvisorex
** †Alluvisorex arcadentes – or unidentified comparable form
* A living Alnus, or alder tree Alnus
* †Alphagaulus
** †Alphagaulus tedfordi – type locality for species
** †Alphagaulus vetus
* †Alwoodia
** †Alwoodia magna – or unidentified comparable form
* †Ambrosia
* †Ambystoma
** †Ambystoma maculatum
** †Ambystoma minshalli – type locality for species
** †Ambystoma priscum – type locality for species
** †Ambystoma tigrinum
* Life restoration of the Miocene elephant relative Amebelodon. Margret Flinsch (1932). †Amebelodon
** †Amebelodon fricki – type locality for species
* †Ameiseophis
** †Ameiseophis robinsoni
* Amia
** †Amia calva
* Ammospermophilus
** †Ammospermophilus junturensis
* †Amphechinus
* †Amphicyon
** †Amphicyon frendens – type locality for species
** †Amphicyon galushai – type locality for species
** †Amphicyon ingens
* Fossilized skull of the Miocene saber-toothed cat Amphimachairodus †Amphimachairodus
** †Amphimachairodus coloradensis
* †Anchigyps
** †Anchigyps voorhiesi
* †Anchitheriomys
** †Anchitheriomys fluminis
** †Anchitheriomys nanus
** †Anchitheriomys stouti – type locality for species
* †Anchitherium
* A living Andrias giant salamander †Andrias
** †Andrias matthewi – type locality for species
* †Anilioides
** †Anilioides nebraskensis – type locality for species
* †Ankylodon
** †Ankylodon annectens
* †Antecalomys
** †Antecalomys phthanus – type locality for species
* †Antesorex
** †Antesorex wilsoni – type locality for species
* Antrozous – or unidentified comparable form
* Apalone
** †Apalone miocaenus – type locality for species
** †Apalone spinifera
* †Apatemys
** †Apatemys downsi – or unidentified related form
* †Aphelops
** †Aphelops megalodus
** †Aphelops mutilus – type locality for species
* †Apletotomeus
** †Apletotomeus crassus – type locality for species
* Aplodinotus
** †Aplodinotus grunniens
* †Apternodus
* †Aramornis
** †Aramornis longurio – type locality for species
* Aramus
* †Archaeocyon
** †Archaeocyon leptodus
** †Archaeocyon pavidus
* †Archaeohippus
** †Archaeohippus penultimus – type locality for species
* †Archaeolagus
** †Archaeolagus primigenius – or unidentified comparable form
* Life restoration of the Eocene-Oligocene entelodont mammal Archaeotherium †Archaeotherium
** †Archaeotherium mortoni
* †Arctodus
** †Arctodus simus
* Arctomys
** †Arctomys vetus
* †Arctonasua
** †Arctonasua eurybates – type locality for species
** †Arctonasua gracilis – type locality for species
** †Arctonasua minima – type locality for species
* Ardea
* †Arikareeomys
** †Arikareeomys skinneri – type locality for species
* Arizona
** †Arizona voorhiesi – type locality for species
* †Arretotherium
** †Arretotherium acridens
** †Arretotherium fricki – type locality for species
* †Artemisia
* †Astrohippus
* Atractosteus
** †Atractosteus spatula
* †Aulolithomys
** †Aulolithomys bounites

## B

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* Baiomys
* Balearica
* Fossilized skull of the Miocene-Pliocene false saber-toothed cat Barbourofelis †Barbourofelis
** †Barbourofelis fricki
** †Barbourofelis morrisi – type locality for species
** †Barbourofelis whitfordi – type locality for species
* †Barbouromeryx
** †Barbouromeryx trigonocorneus
* Bassariscus
** †Bassariscus antiquus – type locality for species
** †Bassariscus minimus – type locality for species
** †Bassariscus ogallalae – type locality for species
* †Bathornis
** †Bathornis veredus
* †Bathygenys
* †Bensonomys
** †Bensonomys meadensis
* Betula – or unidentified comparable form
* Bison
** Mounted fossilized skeleton of the Pleistocene Bison latifrons, also known as the giant bison or long-horned bison †Bison latifrons
* †Blackia
* †Blacktops – type locality for genus
** †Blacktops latidens – type locality for species
** †Blacktops longinares – type locality for species
* Blarina
** †Blarina brevicauda
* †Blastomeryx
** †Blastomeryx gemmifer – type locality for species
* †Bootherium
** Fossilized skeleton of the Pleistocene-Holocene bovid Bootherium bombifrons, or Harlan's musk ox. †Bootherium bombifrons – type locality for species
* †Boreortalis
** †Boreortalis phengitis – type locality for species
* †Borophagus
** †Borophagus diversidens
** †Borophagus pugnator
** †Borophagus secundus
* †Bothriodon
** †Bothriodon americanus
* †Bouromeryx
** †Bouromeryx americanus
** †Bouromeryx submilleri – type locality for species
* Restorative portrait of the Miocene oreodont mammal Brachycrus †Brachycrus
** †Brachycrus buwaldi
** †Brachycrus siouense – type locality for species
** †Brachycrus wilsoni – type locality for species
* †Brachyerix
** †Brachyerix incertis – type locality for species
** †Brachyerix macrotis
** †Brachyerix richi – type locality for species
* †Brachyopsigale
** †Brachyopsigale dubius – or unidentified comparable form
* †Brachypsalis
** †Brachypsalis hyaenoides – type locality for species
** †Brachypsalis matutinus – type locality for species
** †Brachypsalis modicus
** †Brachypsalis obliquidens – type locality for species
** †Brachypsalis pachycephalus
* Skeletal reconstruction of the Eocene-Oligocene bear-dog Brachyrhynchocyon †Brachyrhynchocyon
** †Brachyrhynchocyon dodgei
* †Bretzia – tentative report
* †Brontops
** †Brontops brachycephalus
** †Brontops dispar – type locality for species
* Bufo
** †Bufo cognatus
** †Bufo hibbardi
** †Bufo holmani – type locality for species
** †Bufo kuhrei – type locality for species
** †Bufo pliocompactilis
** †Bufo repentinus
** †Bufo rexroadensis
** †Bufo spongifrons – or unidentified comparable form
** †Bufo valentinensis – type locality for species
* †Buisnictis
** †Buisnictis burrowsi
** †Buisnictis schoffi
* Burhinus
** †Burhinus lucorum – type locality for species
* A living Buteo hawk Buteo
** †Buteo conterminus – type locality for species
** †Buteo typhoius

## C

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* †Calamagras
** †Calamagras angulatus
** †Calamagras murivorus
** †Calamagras platyspondyla – type locality for species
* †Calippus
** †Calippus cerasinus
** †Calippus large informal
** †Calippus martini
** †Calippus placidus
** †Calippus proplacidus
** †Calippus regulus
* Life restoration of the Pliocene-Holocene camel Camelops †Camelops
** †Camelops hesternus
* †Campestrallomys
** †Campestrallomys annectens – type locality for species
** †Campestrallomys siouxensis – type locality for species
* Canis
** †Canis dirus
** †Canis edwardii
** †Canis ferox
** †Canis latrans
** †Canis lepophagus
* †Capacikala
* Fossilized skeleton of the Pleistocene dwarf pronghorn Capromeryx †Capromeryx
** †Capromeryx arizonensis
** †Capromeryx furcifer
** †Capromeryx tauntonensis
* †Carpocyon
** †Carpocyon compressus
** †Carpocyon limosus
** †Carpocyon robustus
** †Carpocyon webbi – type locality for species
* Carya
** †Carya libbeyi
* Castor
** †Castor californicus – or unidentified comparable form
* Mounted fossilized skeleton of the Pliocene-Pleistocene giant beaver Castoroides †Castoroides
* Cedrela
** †Cedrela trainii
* †Cedromus
** †Cedromus savannae – type locality for species
** †Cedromus wardi
* Celtis
** †Celtis kansana
* †Centetodon
** †Centetodon chadronensis
** †Centetodon divaricatus – type locality for species
** †Centetodon hendryi
** †Centetodon magnus
** †Centetodon marginalis
* †Centimanomys
** †Centimanomys major
* †Cephalogale
* Life restoration of the Miocene-Pleistocene horned gopher Ceratogaulus. Robert Bruce Horsfall (1913). †Ceratogaulus
** †Ceratogaulus anecdotus
** †Ceratogaulus hatcheri
** †Ceratogaulus rhinocerus
* †Cervalces
* †Chadronia – type locality for genus
** †Chadronia margaretae – type locality for species
* †Chadronycteris
** †Chadronycteris rabenae – type locality for species
* Chaetodipus
** †Chaetodipus hispidus
* †Chamaecyparis
** †Chamaecyparis linguaefolia
* Charina
** †Charina prebottae
* †Cheilophis
** †Cheilophis huerfanoensis
* Chelydra
** †Chelydra serpentina
* †Chelydrops
** †Chelydrops stricta – type locality for species
* Chrysemys
** †Chrysemys picta
* †Chumashius
* Flowers of a living Cladrastis, or yellowwood Cladrastis
** †Cladrastis prelutea – type locality for species
* Clethrionomys
** †Clethrionomys gapperi – or unidentified comparable form
* Cnemidophorus
** †Cnemidophorus sexlineatus
* Cocculus
** †Cocculus rotunda – type locality for species
* †Colodon
** †Colodon cingulatus
** †Colodon occidentalis
* Coluber
** †Coluber constrictor
* A taxidermied Conuropsis carolinensis, or Carolina parakeet †Conuropsis
** †Conuropsis fratercula – type locality for species
* †Copedelphys
** †Copedelphys stevensoni
* †Copemys
** †Copemys lindsayi
** †Copemys longidens
** †Copemys mariae
** †Copemys pisinnus
** †Copemys shotwelli
* †Cordia
** †Cordia prealba – type locality for species
* Fossilized skull of the Oligocene-Miocene bone-crushing dog Cormocyon †Cormocyon
** †Cormocyon copei
** †Cormocyon haydeni
* †Cormohipparion
** †Cormohipparion goorisi
** †Cormohipparion johnsoni – type locality for species
** †Cormohipparion matthewi – type locality for species
** †Cormohipparion merriami – type locality for species
** †Cormohipparion occidentale
** †Cormohipparion quinni
* †Cosoryx
** †Cosoryx furcatus
* Restoration of the Miocene palaeomerycid Cranioceras, a relative of modern deer, with anachronistic human to scale †Cranioceras
** †Cranioceras unicornis
* Crataegus
** †Crataegus nupta
* †Craterogale – type locality for genus
** †Craterogale simus – type locality for species
* Crotalus
** †Crotalus horridus
* †Crusafontina
** †Crusafontina magna
* Cryptotis
* †Crytonyx
** †Crytonyx cooki – type locality for species
* †Cupidinimus
** †Cupidinimus nebraskensis
** †Cupidinimus prattensis – type locality for species
** †Cupidinimus tertius – or unidentified comparable form
* †Cylindrodon
** †Cylindrodon nebraskensis
* †Cynarctoides
** †Cynarctoides acridens
** †Cynarctoides emryi – type locality for species
** †Cynarctoides roii
* †Cynarctus
** †Cynarctus crucidens – type locality for species
** †Cynarctus saxatilis
** †Cynarctus voorhiesi – type locality for species
* Fossilized cranium of the Miocene bear-dog Cynelos †Cynelos
** †Cynelos idoneus
** †Cynelos sinapius
* †Cynodesmus
** †Cynodesmus martini – type locality for species
** †Cynodesmus thooides
* †Cynomyoides
** †Cynomyoides vatis – type locality for species
* Cynomys
** †Cynomys niobrarius
** †Cynomys sappaensis – type locality for species
** †Cynomys spenceri – type locality for species

## D

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* †Dakotaophis
** †Dakotaophis greeni
* †Daphoenictis
** †Daphoenictis tedfordi
* †Daphoenodon
** †Daphoenodon falkenbachi
** †Daphoenodon niobrarensis – type locality for species
** †Daphoenodon robustum
** †Daphoenodon superbus
* Life restoration of the Eocene-Miocene bear dog Daphoenus †Daphoenus – type locality for genus
** †Daphoenus felinus
** †Daphoenus hartshornianus
** †Daphoenus vetus – type locality for species
* Dasypus
** †Dasypus bellus
* †Delotrochanter
** †Delotrochanter oryktes – type locality for species
** †Delotrochanter petersoni
* †Desmatippus
** †Desmatippus integer
** †Desmatippus nebrascensis – type locality for species
** †Desmatippus nebraskensis
** †Desmatippus tyleri – type locality for species
* †Desmatochoerus
** †Desmatochoerus megalodon
* †Desmatolagus
** †Desmatolagus gazini – type locality for species
* †Desmocyon
** †Desmocyon matthewi
** †Desmocyon thomsoni
* Restoration of the Oligocene-Miocene hornless rhinoceros Diceratherium. Robert Bruce Horsfall (1913). †Diceratherium
** †Diceratherium annectens
** †Diceratherium armatum
** †Diceratherium niobrarense – type locality for species
** †Diceratherium radtkei
* Dicrostonyx
** †Dicrostonyx torquatus
* †Dikkomys
** †Dikkomys matthewi – type locality for species
* †Dinictis
** †Dinictis felina
* †Dinogale
** †Dinogale siouxensis – type locality for species
* †Dinohippus
** †Dinohippus leidyanus – type locality for species
* †Dinohyus
** †Dinohyus hollandi – type locality for species
* †Diospyros
** †Diospyros miotexana – type locality for species
* †Diplolophus
** †Diplolophus insolens
* Dipodomys
* †Dipoides
** †Dipoides rexroadensis
** †Dipoides stirtoni
** †Dipoides tanneri – type locality for species
** †Dipoides williamsi
** †Dipoides wilsoni – or unidentified comparable form
* †Diprionomys
** †Diprionomys agrarius – type locality for species
* †Domnina
** †Domnina dakotensis
** †Domnina gradata
** †Domnina thompsoni
* †Domninoides
** †Domninoides mimicus
** †Domninoides valentinensis – type locality for species
* †Douglassciurus
** †Douglassciurus jeffersoni
* †Downsimus
** †Downsimus chadwicki
* †Drepanomeryx
** †Drepanomeryx falciformis – type locality for species
* Fossilized horns, jaws, and limb bones of the Miocene deer relative Dromomeryx †Dromomeryx
** †Dromomeryx borealis – type locality for species

## E

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* †Ecclesimus
** †Ecclesimus tenuiceps
* †Ectopocynus
** †Ectopocynus simplicidens – type locality for species
* †Ectypodus
** †Ectypodus lovei
* †Edaphocyon
** †Edaphocyon lautus – type locality for species
* †Ekgmowechashala
** †Ekgmowechashala philotau
* Elaphe
** †Elaphe guttata
** †Elaphe kansensis – or unidentified comparable form
** †Elaphe nebraskensis – type locality for species
** †Elaphe obsoleta
** †Elaphe vulpina
* Life restoration of the Eocene-Oligocene anthracothere mammal Elomeryx †Elomeryx – tentative report
* Emydoidea
** †Emydoidea blandingii
** †Emydoidea hutchisoni – type locality for species
* †Enhydrocyon
** †Enhydrocyon pahinsintewakpa
* †Entoptychus
** †Entoptychus grandiplanus – type locality for species
* †Eotylopus
** †Eotylopus reedi
* †Epeiromys
** †Epeiromys spanius – type locality for species
* Mounted fossilized skeleton of the Miocene bone-crushing dog Epicyon †Epicyon
** †Epicyon haydeni
** †Epicyon saevus
* Equus
** †Equus conversidens – or unidentified comparable form
** †Equus excelsus
** †Equus francisci
** †Equus simplicidens
* Erethizon
** †Erethizon dorsatum
* Esox
* Life restoration of the Miocene elephant relative Eubelodon †Eubelodon
** †Eubelodon morrilli
* †Eucastor
** †Eucastor tortus
* †Eucyon
** †Eucyon davisi
** †Eucyon skinneri – type locality for species
* †Euhapsis
** †Euhapsis breugerorum – type locality for species
** †Euhapsis ellicottae – type locality for species
** †Euhapsis platyceps – type locality for species
* A living Eumeces skink Eumeces
** †Eumeces antiquus – type locality for species
** †Eumeces minimus
** †Eumeces striatulatus – or unidentified comparable form
* †Eumys
** †Eumys brachyodus
** †Eumys elegans
** †Eumys parvidens – type locality for species
* †Euoplocyon
** †Euoplocyon brachygnathus
* †Euroxenomys
** †Euroxenomys wilsoni
* †Eutypomys
** †Eutypomys thomsoni

## F

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* †Fanimus
** †Fanimus ultimus – type locality for species
* Felis
** †Felis rexroadensis – or unidentified comparable form
* †Florentiamys
** †Florentiamys tiptoni
* †Floridatragulus
* †Fossorcastor
** †Fossorcastor greeni – type locality for species
* Illustrations of the flowers and foliage of a living Fraxinus, or ash tree, with insets further detailing its anatomy †Fraxinus
** †Fraxinus coulteri

## G

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* A living Gaillardia, or blanket flower †Gaillardia
** †Gaillardia thomsoni – type locality for species
* †Galbreathia
** †Galbreathia bettae
** †Galbreathia novellus
* †Galushaceras – type locality for genus
** †Galushaceras levellorum – type locality for species
* Geochelone
** †Geochelone nordensis – type locality for species
** †Geochelone oelrichi
* Geomys
** †Geomys bursarius
** †Geomys lutescens
** †Geomys quinni
** †Geomys tobinensis – or unidentified comparable form
* A living Geranoaetus bird of prey Geranoaetus
** †Geranoaetus contortus
* †Geringia
** †Geringia mcgregori
* †Geringophis
** †Geringophis depressus
** †Geringophis vetus – type locality for species
** †Geringophis yatkolae – type locality for species
* Gerrhonotus
** †Gerrhonotus mungerorum – or unidentified comparable form
* †Gigantocamelus
** †Gigantocamelus spatulus – type locality for species
* Glyptemys
** †Glyptemys valentinensis – type locality for species
* †Glyptosaurus
* †Goinophis – type locality for genus
** †Goinophis minusculus – type locality for species
* Mounted fossilized skeleton of the Miocene-Pleistocene elephant relative Gomphotherium †Gomphotherium
** †Gomphotherium productum – type locality for species
* †Goniodontomys
** †Goniodontomys disjunctus
* Gopherus
** †Gopherus laticuneus
* Graptemys
* †Gregorymys
** †Gregorymys formosus
* †Gripholagomys
** †Gripholagomys lavocati
* Grus
** †Grus pratensis
* †Guildayomys
** †Guildayomys hibbardi – type locality for species

## H

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* †Harrisonsaurus – type locality for genus
** †Harrisonsaurus fossilis – type locality for species
* †Harrymys
** †Harrymys magnus
* Life restoration of the Pleistocene pronghorn Hayoceros †Hayoceros
** †Hayoceros barbouri – type locality for species
* †Helagras
** †Helagras orellanensis – type locality for species
* †Heliscomys
** †Heliscomys hatcheri
** †Heliscomys macdonaldi – type locality for species
** †Heliscomys mcgrewi – type locality for species
** †Heliscomys vetus
* †Helodermoides
** †Helodermoides tuberculatus
* †Hemiauchenia
** †Hemiauchenia macrocephala
* †Heptacodon
** †Heptacodon occidentale – or unidentified comparable form
* †Herpetotherium
** †Herpetotherium fugax
** †Herpetotherium youngi
* †Hesperhys
** †Hesperhys vagrans
* Life restoration of the Eocene-Oligocene dog Hesperocyon. Robert Bruce Horsfall (1913). †Hesperocyon
** †Hesperocyon gregarius
* †Hesperolagomys
** †Hesperolagomys fluviatilis
** †Hesperolagomys galbreathi – or unidentified comparable form
* †Hesperoscalops
** †Hesperoscalops mcgrewi
* †Hesperotestudo
** †Hesperotestudo angusticeps – type locality for species
** †Hesperotestudo orthopygia
* Heterodon
** †Heterodon nasicus
** †Heterodon platyrhinos
* †Heteromeryx
** †Heteromeryx dispar
* †Hibbardomys
** †Hibbardomys marthae – type locality for species
** †Hibbardomys skinneri – type locality for species
** †Hibbardomys voorhiesi – type locality for species
* †Hipparion
** †Hipparion forcei
** †Hipparion tehonense
* †Hippotherium
* †Hitonkala
** †Hitonkala macdonaldtau – type locality for species
* Holbrookia – tentative report
** †Holbrookia antiqua – type locality for species
* Restoration of Pliocene-Pleistocene Homotherium, or scimitar cat †Homotherium
** †Homotherium crusafonti
* †Hoplophoneus
** †Hoplophoneus mentalis
** †Hoplophoneus primaevus
* †Hyaenodon
** †Hyaenodon crucians
* Hyla
** †Hyla gratiosa – or unidentified comparable form
** †Hyla squirella – or unidentified comparable form
** †Hyla versicolor – or unidentified comparable form
* †Hypertragulus
** †Hypertragulus calcaratus
** †Hypertragulus chadronensis – type locality for species
** †Hypertragulus crawfordensis – type locality for species
** †Hypertragulus minor – type locality for species
** †Hypertragulus quadratus – type locality for species
** †Hypertragulus sequens – type locality for species
* †Hypisodus
** †Hypisodus alacer
** †Hypisodus ironsi – type locality for species
** †Hypisodus minimus
** †Hypisodus paululus – type locality for species
** †Hypisodus retallacki – type locality for species
* Life restoration of the Miocene horse Hypohippus. Heinrich Harder (1920). †Hypohippus
** †Hypohippus affinis
** †Hypohippus osborni
** †Hypohippus pertinax – or unidentified comparable form
* †Hypolagus
** †Hypolagus fontinalis
** †Hypolagus furlongi
** †Hypolagus parviplicatus
** †Hypolagus regalis
** †Hypolagus ringoldensis
** †Hypolagus vetus
** †Hypolagus voorhiesi
* †Hypsiops
** †Hypsiops breviceps
* Life restoration of the Eocene-Oligocene odd-toed ungulate Hyracodon. Charles R. Knight (1896). †Hyracodon
** †Hyracodon leidyanus
** †Hyracodon nebraskensis
* †Hystricops
** †Hystricops venustus

## I

* A
* B
* C
* D
* E
* F
* G
* H
* I
* J
* K
* L
* M
* N
* O
* P
* Q
* R
* S
* T
* U
* V
* W
* X
* Y
* Z
* Ictalurus
** †Ictalurus echinatus
** †Ictalurus lambda
** †Ictalurus leidyi – or unidentified comparable form
** †Ictalurus punctatus – or unidentified comparable form
* †Idiogenomys – type locality for genus
** †Idiogenomys ozziei – type locality for species
* Ilex
* Fossilized skull of the Miocene bear Indarctos †Indarctos
** †Indarctos oregonensis
* †Ischyrocyon
** †Ischyrocyon gidleyi
* †Ischyromys
** †Ischyromys douglassi
** †Ischyromys typus
** †Ischyromys veterior

## J

* A
* B
* C
* D
* E
* F
* G
* H
* I
* J
* K
* L
* M
* N
* O
* P
* Q
* R
* S
* T
* U
* V
* W
* X
* Y
* Z
* †Jimomys
** †Jimomys labaughi – type locality for species
* Juglans

## K

* A
* B
* C
* D
* E
* F
* G
* H
* I
* J
* K
* L
* M
* N
* O
* P
* Q
* R
* S
* T
* U
* V
* W
* X
* Y
* Z
* Restoration of the Oligocene-Miocene horse Kalobatippus †Kalobatippus
** †Kalobatippus agatensis
* †Kansasimys
* Kinosternon
** †Kinosternon flavescens
* †Kirkomys
** †Kirkomys nebraskensis

## L

* A
* B
* C
* D
* E
* F
* G
* H
* I
* J
* K
* L
* M
* N
* O
* P
* Q
* R
* S
* T
* U
* V
* W
* X
* Y
* Z
* †Lambdoceras
** †Lambdoceras siouxensis
* A living Lampropeltis getula, or eastern kingsnake Lampropeltis
** †Lampropeltis calligaster
** †Lampropeltis getulus
** †Lampropeltis similis – type locality for species
** †Lampropeltis triangulum
* †Lantanotherium
** †Lantanotherium observatum – type locality for species
* Lasiurus
* †Leidymys
** †Leidymys blacki
** †Leidymys cerasus – type locality for species
* Leiocephalus
** †Leiocephalus nebraskensis
** †Leiocephalus septentrionalis – type locality for species
* †Lemoynea
** †Lemoynea biradicularis – type locality for species
* Illustration of a living Lepisosteus, or gar Lepisosteus
* †Lepoides
** †Lepoides lepoides – type locality for species
* Lepomis
** †Lepomis microlophus
* †Leptarctus
** †Leptarctus martini – type locality for species
** †Leptarctus oregonensis
** †Leptarctus primus
** †Leptarctus wortmani – type locality for species
* †Leptauchenia
** †Leptauchenia decora
** †Leptauchenia major
* †Leptochoerus
** †Leptochoerus elegans
** †Leptochoerus emilyae
** †Leptochoerus spectabilis
** †Leptochoerus supremus
* Illustration of a fossilized skull of the Oligocene-Miocene dog Leptocyon †Leptocyon
** †Leptocyon gregorii – or unidentified comparable form
** †Leptocyon leidyi – type locality for species
** †Leptocyon matthewi – type locality for species
** †Leptocyon vafer
** †Leptocyon vulpinus
* †Leptodontomys
** †Leptodontomys douglassi
** †Leptodontomys stirtoni – or unidentified comparable form
* Life restoration of the Eocene-Oligocene even-toed ungulate Leptomeryx †Leptomeryx
** †Leptomeryx elissae – type locality for species
** †Leptomeryx esulcatus
** †Leptomeryx evansi
** †Leptomeryx speciosus
* †Leptotomus
* Lepus
** †Lepus californicus – or unidentified comparable form
* Lichanura
* †Lignimus
** †Lignimus montis
* †Limnoecus
** †Limnoecus compressus
** †Limnoecus niobrarensis – type locality for species
* Liquidambar
* †Longirostromeryx
** †Longirostromeryx wellsi
* Portrait living Lontra otters Lontra
* †Loupomys
* †Lowesaurus
** †Lowesaurus matthewi
* Lycopodium

## M

* A
* B
* C
* D
* E
* F
* G
* H
* I
* J
* K
* L
* M
* N
* O
* P
* Q
* R
* S
* T
* U
* V
* W
* X
* Y
* Z
* †Machaeromeryx
** †Machaeromeryx tragulus – type locality for species
* Fossilized cranium of the Miocene-Pleistocene saber-toothed cat Machairodus †Machairodus
* Macrochelys
** †Macrochelys schmidti
** †Macrochelys temminckii
* †Macrogenis
** †Macrogenis crassigenis
* †Macrognathomys
* Mahonia
** †Mahonia marginata
* †Mammacyon
* †Mammut
** †Mammut matthewi
* †Mammuthus
** Life restoration of a herd of Mammuthus columbi, or Columbian mammoths. The extent of the fur depicted is hypothetical. Charles R. Knight (1909). †Mammuthus columbi
* Martes
** †Martes parviloba
* †Martinogale
** †Martinogale alveodens
* Masticophis
** †Masticophis flagellum
* †Matthewlabis
** †Matthewlabis cedrensis
* †Mediochoerus
** †Mediochoerus blicki – type locality for species
** †Mediochoerus johnsoni – type locality for species
* †Megacamelus
** †Megacamelus merriami – or unidentified comparable form
* Fossilized skull and limb bones of the Miocene horse Megahippus †Megahippus
** †Megahippus matthewi
** †Megahippus mckennai
* †Megalagus
** †Megalagus brachyodon
** †Megalagus primitivus
** †Megalagus turgidus
* †Megalictis
** †Megalictis ferox
* †Megalonyx
** †Megalonyx curvidens
** †Megalonyx leptostomus
* †Megantereon – tentative report
** †Megantereon hesperus
* †Megasminthus
** †Megasminthus gladiofex
** †Megasminthus tiheni
* †Megatylopus
** †Megatylopus cochrani
** †Megatylopus gigas
** †Megatylopus primaevus – or unidentified comparable form
* †Meliakrouniomys
* †Meliosma
** †Meliosma predentata – type locality for species
* †Meniscomys
* Life restoration of the Miocene rhinoceros Menoceras †Menoceras
** †Menoceras arikarense – type locality for species
** †Menoceras barbouri
* Mephitis
** †Mephitis mephitis
* †Merychippus
** †Merychippus calamarius – or unidentified comparable form
** †Merychippus coloradense
** †Merychippus insignis
** †Merychippus primus
** †Merychippus quintus
** †Merychippus republicanus
* Life restoration of a herd of the Eocene-Miocene oreodont mammal Merychyus †Merychyus
** †Merychyus arenarum
** †Merychyus crabilli – type locality for species
** †Merychyus elegans
** †Merychyus minimus – type locality for species
** †Merychyus novomexicanus
** †Merychyus relictus
** †Merychyus siouxensis – or unidentified comparable form
* †Merycochoerus
** †Merycochoerus magnus – type locality for species
** †Merycochoerus matthewi
** †Merycochoerus proprius
* Mounted fossilized skeleton of the Miocene pronghorn Merycodus †Merycodus
** †Merycodus necatus
** †Merycodus prodromus – type locality for species
** †Merycodus sabulonis
** †Merycodus warreni
* †Merycoides
** †Merycoides longiceps
* †Merycoidodon
** †Merycoidodon bullatus
** †Merycoidodon culbertsoni – type locality for species
** †Merycoidodon major
* †Mesocyon – report made of unidentified related form or using admittedly obsolete nomenclature
** †Mesocyon temnodon
* †Mesogaulus
** †Mesogaulus paniensis
* †Mesohippus
** †Mesohippus bairdi
* †Mesoreodon
** †Mesoreodon chelonyx
** †Mesoreodon minor
* †Mesoscalops
** †Mesoscalops scopelotemos
* †Metadjidaumo
** †Metadjidaumo hendryi – or unidentified comparable form
* Mounted fossilized skeleton of the Miocene-Pleistocene saber-toothed cat Metailurus †Metailurus
* †Metalopex
** †Metalopex merriami
* †Metatomarctus
** †Metatomarctus canavus
* †Metechinus
** †Metechinus amplior
* †Michenia
** †Michenia agatensis – type locality for species
* †Micronatrix – type locality for genus
** †Micronatrix juliescottae – type locality for species
* †Micropternodus
** †Micropternodus borealis
** †Micropternodus montrosensis – type locality for species
* Micropterus
* †Microtomarctus
** †Microtomarctus conferta
* Microtus
** †Microtus ochrogaster
** †Microtus pennsylvanicus
* Micrurus
* Mictomys
** †Mictomys kansasensis
** †Mictomys meltoni
** †Mictomys vetus – or unidentified comparable form
* †Migmacastor – type locality for genus
** †Migmacastor procumbodens – type locality for species
* Life restoration of the Eocene-Oligocene oreodont mammal Miniochoerus †Miniochoerus
** †Miniochoerus affinis
** †Miniochoerus chadronensis
** †Miniochoerus forsythae
** †Miniochoerus gracilis
** †Miniochoerus helprini – type locality for species
** †Miniochoerus starkensis – type locality for species
* †Mioheteromys
** †Mioheteromys amplissimus – type locality for species
** †Mioheteromys subterior – type locality for species
* Fossilized skull of the Eocene-Oligocene three-toed horse Miohippus †Miohippus
** †Miohippus intermedius – or unidentified comparable form
* †Miolabis
** †Miolabis princetonianus – type locality for species
* †Miomustela
** †Miomustela madisonae
* †Mionictis
** †Mionictis elegans – type locality for species
** †Mionictis incertus – type locality for species
** †Mionictis letifer – type locality for species
** †Mionictis pristinus
* †Miosicista
** †Miosicista angulus – type locality for species
* †Miospermophilus
** †Miospermophilus bryanti
** †Miospermophilus wyomingensis
* †Miotapirus
** †Miotapirus harrisonensis
* †Miotylopus
** †Miotylopus gibbi
** †Miotylopus leonardi
* †Monosaulax
** †Monosaulax curtus
** †Monosaulax pansus
** †Monosaulax skinneri – type locality for species
** †Monosaulax tedi – type locality for species
* †Mookomys
** †Mookomys altifluminis
** †Mookomys altifluminus
* †Moropus
** †Moropus elatus
** †Moropus hollandi – type locality for species
** †Moropus merriami
* Mustela
** †Mustela frenata
** †Mustela nigripes
** †Mustela rexroadensis – or unidentified comparable form
** †Mustela vison
* Mycteria
** †Mycteria milleri
* †Mylagaulus
** †Mylagaulus cambridgensis
* Fossilized skeleton of the Pliocene-Holocene peccary Mylohyus †Mylohyus
* Myotis
* †Mystipterus
** †Mystipterus martini

## N

* A
* B
* C
* D
* E
* F
* G
* H
* I
* J
* K
* L
* M
* N
* O
* P
* Q
* R
* S
* T
* U
* V
* W
* X
* Y
* Z
* †Namatomys
** †Namatomys lloydi
* Partial fossilized mandible of the Miocene-Pliocene horse Nannippus †Nannippus
** †Nannippus lenticularis
* †Nanodelphys
** †Nanodelphys hunti
* †Nanotragulus
** †Nanotragulus loomisi
** †Nanotragulus ordinatus
* Natrix – or unidentified comparable form
* †Nebraskomys
** †Nebraskomys mcgrewi – type locality for species
* †Nebraskophis – type locality for genus
** †Nebraskophis skinneri – type locality for species
* Life restoration of a herd of Neohipparion. Robert Bruce Horsfall (1913). †Neohipparion
** †Neohipparion affine
** †Neohipparion eurystyle – or unidentified comparable form
** †Neohipparion leptode
** †Neohipparion trampasense
* †Neonatrix – type locality for genus
** †Neonatrix elongata – type locality for species
** †Neonatrix infera – or unidentified comparable form
** †Neonatrix magna – type locality for species
* Mounted fossilized skeleton of the Miocene Neophrontops Neophrontops
** †Neophrontops vetustus – type locality for species
* Neotamias
* Neotoma
** †Neotoma quadriplicata – or unidentified comparable form
** †Neotoma sawrockensis – or unidentified comparable form
* †Neotragocerus
** †Neotragocerus improvisus – type locality for species
* Nerodia
** †Nerodia hillmani
** †Nerodia rhombifera
** †Nerodia sipedon
* †Nexuotapirus
** †Nexuotapirus marslandensis – type locality for species
* Fossilized partial cranium of the Miocene saber-toothed cat Nimravides †Nimravides
** †Nimravides galiani
** †Nimravides pedionomus – type locality for species
** †Nimravides thinobates
* †Nordenosaurus
** †Nordenosaurus magnus – type locality for species
* †Nothodipoides
** †Nothodipoides planus
** †Nothodipoides stirtoni – type locality for species
* †Nothotylopus
* †Nototamias
** †Nototamias quadratus – type locality for species
* †Nyssa
** †Nyssa copeana

## O

* A
* B
* C
* D
* E
* F
* G
* H
* I
* J
* K
* L
* M
* N
* O
* P
* Q
* R
* S
* T
* U
* V
* W
* X
* Y
* Z
* †Ocajila
** †Ocajila makpiyahe
* Ochotona
** †Ochotona spanglei – or unidentified comparable form
* Odocoileus
** A living Odocoileus virginianus, or white-tailed deer †Odocoileus virginianus
* Ogmodontomys
** †Ogmodontomys poaphagus
* †Ogmophis
** †Ogmophis compactus
** †Ogmophis miocompactus
* †Oligobunis
* †Oligomyotis
* †Oligoryctes
** †Oligoryctes cameronensis
* †Oligoscalops
** †Oligoscalops galbreathi
* †Oligospermophilus
** †Oligospermophilus douglassi
* A living Ondatra, or muskrat Ondatra
** †Ondatra annectens – or unidentified comparable form
** †Ondatra idahoensis
** †Ondatra meadensis
** †Ondatra zibethicus
* Onychomys
** †Onychomys larabeei – or unidentified comparable form
** †Onychomys leucogaster – or unidentified comparable form
** †Onychomys pedroensis – or unidentified comparable form
* Opheodrys – or unidentified comparable form
* †Ophiomys
** †Ophiomys fricki
** †Ophiomys magilli
** †Ophiomys parvus
* Ophisaurus
** Portrait of a living Ophisaurus ventralis, or eastern glass lizard †Ophisaurus ventralis
* †Orelladjidaumo
** †Orelladjidaumo xylodes – type locality for species
* †Oreolagus
** †Oreolagus nebrascensis – type locality for species
* †Oropyctis
** †Oropyctis pediasius – type locality for species
* Ortalis
** †Ortalis tantala – type locality for species
* †Osbornodon
** †Osbornodon fricki
** †Osbornodon iamonensis
** †Osbornodon renjiei
* †Oxetocyon
** †Oxetocyon cuspidatus
* Life restoration of a pair of the Oligocene-Miocene camel Oxydactylus. Robert Bruce Horsfall (1913). †Oxydactylus
** †Oxydactylus longipes

## P

* A
* B
* C
* D
* E
* F
* G
* H
* I
* J
* K
* L
* M
* N
* O
* P
* Q
* R
* S
* T
* U
* V
* W
* X
* Y
* Z
* †Paciculus
** †Paciculus nebraskensis – type locality for species
* †Paenemarmota
** †Paenemarmota barbouri
** †Paenemarmota nevadensis – or unidentified comparable form
** †Paenemarmota sawrockensis
* †Palaealectoris – type locality for genus
** †Palaealectoris incertus – type locality for species
* †Palaeastur – type locality for genus
** †Palaeastur atavus – type locality for species
* Spiral-shaped fossilized burrow and associated skeleton of the Oligocene-Miocene beaver Palaeocastor †Palaeocastor
* †Palaeogale
** †Palaeogale dorothiae
** †Palaeogale minuta – or unidentified comparable form
* †Palaeolagus
** †Palaeolagus burkei
** †Palaeolagus haydeni – type locality for species
** †Palaeolagus hemirhizis – type locality for species
** †Palaeolagus hypsodus
** †Palaeolagus intermedius
** †Palaeolagus philoi
** †Palaeolagus temnodon
* †Paleoheterodon – type locality for genus
** †Paleoheterodon tiheni – type locality for species
* Panthera
** A living Panthera leo, or lion †Panthera leo
* †Parablastomeryx
** †Parablastomeryx gregorii – type locality for species
* †Paracoluber
** †Paracoluber storeri
* †Paracosoryx
** †Paracosoryx dawesensis
** †Paracosoryx wilsoni
* †Paracryptotis
* †Paractiornis – type locality for genus
** †Paractiornis perpusillus – type locality for species
* †Paracynarctus
** †Paracynarctus kelloggi
** †Paracynarctus sinclairi – type locality for species
* †Paradaphoenus
** †Paradaphoenus minimus
** †Paradaphoenus tooheyi – type locality for species
* †Paradjidaumo
** †Paradjidaumo trilophus
** †Paradjidaumo validus – type locality for species
* †Paraenhydrocyon
** †Paraenhydrocyon wallovianus
* †Paragerrhonotus – or unidentified comparable form
** †Paragerrhonotus ricardensis
* †Parahippus
** †Parahippus atavus
** †Parahippus cognatus
* †Parallomys
** †Parallomys americanus – type locality for species
* †Paramerychyus
** †Paramerychyus harrisonensis
** †Paramerychyus relictus
* †Paramicrotoscoptes
** †Paramicrotoscoptes hibbardi
* †Paramiolabis
** †Paramiolabis tenuis
* Fossilized skeleton of the Pliocene-Pleistocene ground sloth Paramylodon †Paramylodon
** †Paramylodon harlani
* †Paramys
** †Paramys relictus
* †Paranamatomys
** †Paranamatomys storeri
* †Parapliosaccomys
** †Parapliosaccomys annae
** †Parapliosaccomys hibbardi
* Parascalops – or unidentified comparable form
* †Parataxidea – or unidentified comparable form
* †Paratomarctus
** †Paratomarctus euthos
** †Paratomarctus temerarius
* Fossilized partial skull and limb bone of the Eocene-Oligocene camel Paratylopus †Paratylopus
** †Paratylopus labiatus
** †Paratylopus primaevus
* †Parictis
** †Parictis gilpini
* †Paronychomys
* †Parophisaurus
** †Parophisaurus pawneensis
* †Parvericius
** †Parvericius montanus
** †Parvericius voorhiesi – type locality for species
* †Parvitragulus – tentative report
* †Pediohierax – type locality for genus
** †Pediohierax ramenta – type locality for species
* †Pediolophodon
* †Pediomeryx
** †Pediomeryx hemphillensis – or unidentified comparable form
* Fossilized skull of the Eocene-Oligocene lizard Peltosaurus †Peltosaurus
** †Peltosaurus granulosus
* †Pelycomys
** †Pelycomys brulanus – type locality for species
** †Pelycomys placidus – or unidentified comparable form
* †Penetrigonias
** †Penetrigonias dakotensis – type locality for species
* †Peraceras
** †Peraceras profectum
** †Peraceras superciliosum
* †Perchoerus
** †Perchoerus probus – tentative report
* †Peridiomys
** †Peridiomys borealis
** †Peridiomys rusticus – type locality for species
* A living Perognathus pocket mouse Perognathus
** †Perognathus brevidens
** †Perognathus coquorum
** †Perognathus furlongi – or unidentified comparable form
** †Perognathus minutus – or unidentified comparable form
** †Perognathus pearlettensis
** †Perognathus trojectioansrum
* Peromyscus
** †Peromyscus kansasensis – or unidentified comparable form
* †Petauristodon
* †Petenyia – or unidentified comparable form
* †Phasianus
** †Phasianus mioceanus – type locality for species
* †Phelosaccomys
* †Phenacocoelus
** †Phenacocoelus typus – type locality for species
* Phenacomys
** †Phenacomys intermedius – or unidentified comparable form
* Illustration of a fossilized skull in multiple views of the Oligocene-Miocene bone-crushing dog Phlaocyon †Phlaocyon
** †Phlaocyon annectens
** †Phlaocyon leucosteus
** †Phlaocyon mariae – type locality for species
** †Phlaocyon marslandensis
** †Phlaocyon minor
** †Phlaocyon yatkolai – type locality for species
* Phrynosoma
** †Phrynosoma cornutum
* Picea
* Pinus
* †Pipestoneomys
** †Pipestoneomys bisulcatus
* Pituophis
** †Pituophis catenifer
** †Pituophis melanoleucus
* †Planisorex
** †Planisorex dixonensis
* Platanus
** †Platanus vitifolia – type locality for species
* Mounted fossilized skeleton of the Miocene elephant relative Platybelodon †Platybelodon
** †Platybelodon barnumbrowni
** †Platybelodon loomisi
* †Platygonus
** †Platygonus compressus
** †Platygonus pollenae – type locality for species
* †Pleiolama
** †Pleiolama mckennai – type locality for species
** †Pleiolama vera – or unidentified comparable form
* †Plesiogulo
** †Plesiogulo lindsayi – or unidentified comparable form
* †Plesiosorex
** †Plesiosorex coloradensis
** †Plesiosorex donroosai
** †Plesiosorex greeni
* †Pleurolicus
** †Pleurolicus exiguus – type locality for species
** †Pleurolicus hemingfordensis
** †Pleurolicus sulcifrons – or unidentified comparable form
* †Pliauchenia
** †Pliauchenia magnifontis
* †Plioceros
** †Plioceros dehlini – type locality for species
** †Plioceros floblairi – type locality for species
* †Pliocyon
** †Pliocyon medius – type locality for species
* †Pliogale
** †Pliogale furlongi
* †Pliogeomys
** †Pliogeomys russelli – type locality for species
* Fossilized skull of the Miocene horse Pliohippus †Pliohippus
** †Pliohippus mirabilis
** †Pliohippus nobilis
** †Pliohippus pernix
* †Pliolemmus
** †Pliolemmus antiquus
* †Pliometanastes
* †Plionarctos
* †Plionictis
** †Plionictis ogygia
* †Pliophenacomys
** †Pliophenacomys osborni
** †Pliophenacomys primaevus
* †Pliosaccomys
* †Pliotaxidea
** †Pliotaxidea garberi
** †Pliotaxidea nevadensis
* †Pliozapus
** †Pliozapus solus – or unidentified comparable form
* †Plithocyon
* †Poebrotherium
** †Poebrotherium eximium
** †Poebrotherium wilsoni
* Illustration of a fossilized skull of the Oligocene false faber-toothed cat Pogonodon †Pogonodon
** †Pogonodon brachyops
* Populus
** †Populus crassa
** †Populus gallowayi – type locality for species
** †Populus washoensis
* †Potamonycteris – type locality for genus
** †Potamonycteris biperforatus – type locality for species
* †Priusaulax
** †Priusaulax browni – type locality for species
* †Proantilocapra
** †Proantilocapra platycornea – type locality for species
* †Probassariscus
** †Probassariscus matthewi
* †Problastomeryx
** †Problastomeryx primus
* †Procamelus
** †Procamelus grandis
** †Procamelus leptocolon
** †Procamelus occidentalis
* †Procastoroides
** †Procastoroides idahoensis
** †Procastoroides sweeti – type locality for species
* †Procranioceras
** †Procranioceras skinneri
* †Prodipodomys
* †Prodipoides
** †Prodipoides burgensis – type locality for species
** †Prodipoides dividerus
** †Prodipoides katensis
* †Proharrymys
** †Proharrymys fedti
** †Proharrymys schlaikjeri
** †Proharrymys wahlerti – type locality for species
* †Proheteromys
** †Proheteromys ironcloudi
* †Promartes
** †Promartes darbyi
** †Promartes lepidus – or unidentified comparable form
** †Promartes olcotti – type locality for species
* Restoration of the Miocene hippopotamus-like oreodont Promerycochoerus both onshore and in the water. Robert Bruce Horsfall (1913). †Promerycochoerus
** †Promerycochoerus carrikeri
** †Promerycochoerus superbus
* †Promilio
** †Promilio efferus – type locality for species
* †Promylagaulus
** †Promylagaulus riggsi
* †Pronotolagus
** †Pronotolagus albus
** †Pronotolagus apachensis
** †Pronotolagus whitei – type locality for species
* †Proscalops
** †Proscalops miocaenus – or unidentified comparable form
** †Proscalops secundus
** †Proscalops tertius
* †Prosciurus
** †Prosciurus albiclivus
** †Prosciurus dawsonae
** †Prosciurus magnus – type locality for species
** †Prosciurus parvus – type locality for species
** †Prosciurus vetustus
* †Prosomys
** †Prosomys mimus
* †Prosthennops
** †Prosthennops niobrarensis
** †Prosthennops serus
** †Prosthennops xiphodonticus
* †Prosynthetoceras
* †Protemnocyon – type locality for genus
** †Protemnocyon inflatus – type locality for species
* †Proterix
** †Proterix bicuspis
* Life restoration of a female (left) and male of the Oligocene-Miocene even-toed ungulate Protoceras. Charles R. Knight (1896). †Protoceras
** †Protoceras skinneri
* †Protohippus
** †Protohippus gidleyi
** †Protohippus perditus
** †Protohippus supremus
* †Protolabis
** †Protolabis gracilis – or unidentified comparable form
** †Protolabis heterodontus
** †Protolabis saxeus – type locality for species
* †Protomarctus
** †Protomarctus optatus
* †Protoprocyon
** †Protoprocyon savagei – type locality for species
* †Protosciurus
** †Protosciurus mengi – type locality for species
* †Protospermophilus
** †Protospermophilus kelloggi
** †Protospermophilus quatalensis – or unidentified comparable form
* Prunus
** †Prunus acuminata – type locality for species
* †Psalidocyon
** †Psalidocyon marianae
* Pseudacris
** †Pseudacris clarki – or unidentified comparable form
** †Pseudacris nordensis – type locality for species
* Restoration of the Miocene cat Pseudaelurus †Pseudaelurus
** †Pseudaelurus aeluroides – type locality for species
** †Pseudaelurus intrepdius – or unidentified comparable form
** †Pseudaelurus intrepidus
** †Pseudaelurus marshi – type locality for species
** †Pseudaelurus stouti
** †Pseudaelurus validus
* †Pseudhipparion
** †Pseudhipparion gratum – type locality for species
** †Pseudhipparion retrusum
** †Pseudhipparion skinneri
* †Pseudoblastomeryx
** †Pseudoblastomeryx advena – type locality for species
* †Pseudoceras
** †Pseudoceras skinneri – type locality for species
* †Pseudocylindrodon
** †Pseudocylindrodon neglectus
* †Pseudocyon
* †Pseudolabis
** †Pseudolabis dakotensis
* †Pseudomyscus
** †Pseudomyscus bathygnathus – type locality for species
* †Pseudoparablastomeryx
** †Pseudoparablastomeryx francescita
** †Pseudoparablastomeryx scotti
* Fossilized skeleton of the Eocene protoceratid mammal Pseudoprotoceras †Pseudoprotoceras
** †Pseudoprotoceras longinaris – type locality for species
* †Pseudotheridomys
* †Pseudotrimylus
** †Pseudotrimylus blacki – type locality for species
** †Pseudotrimylus roperi
* Pterocarya
** †Pterocarya oregoniana
* †Pterogaulus
** †Pterogaulus barbarellae – type locality for species
** †Pterogaulus laevis
* †Pterygoboa
** †Pterygoboa miocenica
* †Pylodictis
** †Pylodictis olivaris

## Q

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* A living Quercus, or oak tree Quercus
** †Quercus argentum
** †Quercus parvula – type locality for species
** †Quercus preturbinella – type locality for species
** †Quercus remingtoni

## R

* A
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* X
* Y
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* †Rakomeryx
** †Rakomeryx sinclairi
* Life restoration of the Miocene-Pliocene pronghorn Ramoceros and Cosoryx. Robert Bruce Horsfall (1913). †Ramoceros
** †Ramoceros osborni
* †Rana
** †Rana catesbeiana
** †Rana clamitans
** †Rana pipiens
** †Rana sylvatica
* †Regina
** †Regina grahami
* Reithrodontomys
** †Reithrodontomys pratincola
* †Repomys
** †Repomys gustelyi
* A living Rhineura floridana, or North American worm lizard Rhineura
** †Rhineura hatcherii
** †Rhineura marslandensis – type locality for species
* Rhinocheilus
** †Rhinocheilus lecontei
* †Ribes
** †Ribes infrequens – type locality for species
* †Robinia
** †Robinia lesquereuxi
* †Russellagus
** †Russellagus vonhofi

## S

* A
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* A living Salix, or willow Salix
* Salvadora
** †Salvadora paleolineata – type locality for species
* †Sanctimus
** †Sanctimus falkenbachi – type locality for species
** †Sanctimus stouti – or unidentified comparable form
** †Sanctimus stuartae
* †Sarcobatus – or unidentified comparable form
* †Satherium
** †Satherium piscinarium
* †Scalopoides
** †Scalopoides hutchisoni – type locality for species
** †Scalopoides isodens
** †Scalopoides ripafodiator
* Scalopus
** †Scalopus aquaticus
* Scaphiopus
** †Scaphiopus wardorum – type locality for species
* Fossilized jaw and teeth of the Miocene horse Scaphohippus †Scaphohippus
** †Scaphohippus intermontanus
** †Scaphohippus sumani
* Sceloporus
** †Sceloporus robustus
** †Sceloporus undulatus
* †Schaubeumys
** †Schaubeumys cartomylos
** †Schaubeumys clivosus
** †Schaubeumys grangeri
** †Schaubeumys sabrae
* †Schizodontomys
** †Schizodontomys amnicolus – type locality for species
** †Schizodontomys harkseni – or unidentified comparable form
* †Scottimus
** †Scottimus lophatus – type locality for species
** †Scottimus viduus – type locality for species
* Sequoia – or unidentified comparable form
* †Serbelodon
** †Serbelodon barbourensis
* Life restoration of two species of the Oligocene oreodont mammal genus Sespia †Sespia
** †Sespia nitida
* Sigmodon
** †Sigmodon minor
* †Simimys – tentative report
* †Sinclairella
** †Sinclairella dakotensis
* †Sinclairomeryx
** †Sinclairomeryx riparius – type locality for species
* Siren
* Sistrurus
** †Sistrurus catenatus
* †Skinnerhyus – type locality for genus
** †Skinnerhyus shermerorum – type locality for species
* †Skinneroceras – type locality for genus
** †Skinneroceras manningi – type locality for species
* Life restoration of the Pleistocene-Holocene saber-tooth cat Smilodon †Smilodon
** †Smilodon fatalis – or unidentified comparable form
* †Sminthosinis
* Sorex
** †Sorex arcticus
** †Sorex cinereus
** †Sorex edwardsi – type locality for species
** †Sorex palustris
** †Sorex sandersi
** †Sorex yatkolai – type locality for species
* Spea
** †Spea bombifrons
** †Spea neuter
* Spermophilus
** †Spermophilus boothi
** †Spermophilus cyanocittus – type locality for species
** †Spermophilus elegans
** †Spermophilus franklinii – or unidentified comparable form
** †Spermophilus johnstoni
** †Spermophilus matthewi – type locality for species
** †Spermophilus meltoni
** †Spermophilus richardsonii
** †Spermophilus shotwelli – or unidentified comparable form
** †Spermophilus tridecemlineatus
* †Sphenophalos
** †Sphenophalos middleswarti – type locality for species
* Spizaetus
** †Spizaetus tanneri – type locality for species
* Mounted fossilized skeleton of the Pliocene-Pleistocene elephant relative Stegomastodon †Stegomastodon
** †Stegomastodon aftoniae
** †Stegomastodon primitivus
* †Stehlinia – tentative report
* †Steneofiber
** †Steneofiber barbouri
** †Steneofiber fossor
* †Stenomylus
** †Stenomylus crassipes – type locality for species
** †Stenomylus gracilis
** †Stenomylus hitchcocki – type locality for species
* Sthenictis
** †Sthenictis bellus – type locality for species
** †Sthenictis dolichops – type locality for species
* †Stibarus
** †Stibarus obtusilobus
** †Stibarus quadricuspis
* †Stratimus
** †Stratimus strobeli – type locality for species
* †Stuckyhyus
** †Stuckyhyus siouxensis – type locality for species
* †Stylemys
** †Stylemys nebrascensis
* Life restoration of the Miocene deer relative Subdromomeryx. Robert Bruce Horsfall (1913). †Subdromomeryx
** †Subdromomeryx antilopinus
* †Subhyracodon
** †Subhyracodon mitis
* †Submeryceros
** †Submeryceros minor
* †Sunkahetanka
** †Sunkahetanka geringensis
* Sylvilagus
** †Sylvilagus floridanus
* Synaptomys
** †Synaptomys cooperi
* †Syndyoceras
** †Syndyoceras cooki – type locality for species
* Life restoration of the Miocene even-toed ungulate Synthetoceras †Synthetoceras
** †Synthetoceras tricornatus

## T

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* Tamias
** †Tamias ateles
* †Tanymykter
** †Tanymykter brachyodontus
** †Tanymykter longirostris – type locality for species
* Tapirus
** †Tapirus johnsoni – type locality for species
** †Tapirus polkensis – or unidentified comparable form
** †Tapirus simpsoni
* Taxidea
** †Taxidea taxus
* Restoration of the Miocene-Pliocene rhinoceros Teleoceras †Teleoceras
** †Teleoceras americanum
** †Teleoceras fossiger
** †Teleoceras hicksi
** †Teleoceras major – type locality for species
** †Teleoceras medicornutum
** †Teleoceras meridianum
* †Temnocyon
** †Temnocyon percussor – type locality for species
** †Temnocyon typicus – type locality for species
* †Temperocastor
** †Temperocastor valentinensis
* †Tenudomys
** †Tenudomys basilaris – type locality for species
** †Tenudomys ridgeviewensis – type locality for species
** †Tenudomys titanus
* †Tephrocyon
** †Tephrocyon scitulus
* Terrapene
** †Terrapene corneri – type locality for species
** Living Terrapene ornata, or western box turtles †Terrapene ornata – type locality for species
* †Tetrabelodon
** †Tetrabelodon osborni
* †Texasophis
* †Texoceros
** †Texoceros altidens – type locality for species
** †Texoceros guymonensis
* Thamnophis
** †Thamnophis proximus
** †Thamnophis radix
** †Thamnophis sirtalis
* Mounted fossilized skeleton of the Miocene-Pliocene ground sloth Thinobadistes †Thinobadistes
* †Thinohyus
* Thomomys
* †Thylacaelurus
** †Thylacaelurus montanus
* †Ticholeptus
** †Ticholeptus zygomaticus
* Tilia
* †Titanotylopus
** †Titanotylopus nebraskensis – type locality for species
* †Tomarctus
** †Tomarctus brevirostris
** †Tomarctus hippophaga – type locality for species
* Trachemys
** †Trachemys inflata – or unidentified comparable form
* †Tregophis
** †Tregophis brevirachis
* †Trigenicus
** †Trigenicus profectus
* †Trigonias
** †Trigonias osborni
** †Trigonias wellsi
* †Trigonictis
** †Trigonictis cookii
** †Trigonictis macrodon
* †Trilaccogaulus
** †Trilaccogaulus ovatus
* Trionyx
** †Trionyx quinni – type locality for species
* Tropidoclonion – or unidentified comparable form
* †Tylionomys
** †Tylionomys voorhiesi – type locality for species
** †Tylionomys woodi
* †Tylocephalonyx
** †Tylocephalonyx skinneri – type locality for species

## U

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* Z
* A living Ulmus, or elm Ulmus
** †Ulmus speciosa
* †Umbogaulus
** †Umbogaulus galushai – type locality for species
** †Umbogaulus monodon – type locality for species
* †Untermannerix
** †Untermannerix copiosus
* Urocyon
* †Ursavus
** †Ursavus brevirhinus – or unidentified comparable form
* †Urubitinga
** †Urubitinga enecta – type locality for species
* †Ustatochoerus
** †Ustatochoerus major
** †Ustatochoerus medius

## V

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* Leaves and fruit of a living Vitis, or grapevine Vitis
** †Vitis pannosa – type locality for species
* Vulpes
** †Vulpes stenognathus
** †Vulpes velox

## W

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* X
* Y
* Z
* †Wilsoneumys
** †Wilsoneumys planidens
* †Wrightohyus
** †Wrightohyus yatkolai

## Y

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* †Yatkolamys
** †Yatkolamys edwardsi – type locality for species
* Life restoration of the Miocene bear dog Ysengrinia †Ysengrinia
** †Ysengrinia americana
* †Yumaceras
** †Yumaceras figginsi

## Z

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* Zapus
** †Zapus hudsonius
** †Zapus sandersi
* †Zemiodontomys
** †Zemiodontomys burkei
* †Zetamys
** †Zetamys nebraskensis
* †Ziamys
** †Ziamys hugeni
* †Zodiolestes
** †Zodiolestes daimonelixensis – type locality for species
* Fossilized cranium of the Miocene-Pleistocene mastodon relative Zygolophodon †Zygolophodon