OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Meldreth railway station

Meldreth railway station serves the villages of Meldreth and Melbourn in Cambridgeshire, England. It is 47 miles 75 chains (47.94 miles, 77.15 km) from London King's Cross on the Cambridge Line.

## Services

All services at Meldreth are operated by Great Northern using Class 387 EMUs.
The typical off-peak service is one train per hour in each direction between Cambridge and London King's Cross. Additional services call at the station during the peak hours.
| Preceding station | National Rail | National Rail | National Rail | Following station |
| Royston | | Great NorthernCambridge Line | | Shepreth |

## History

On 1 August 2001 local celebrations marked the 150th anniversary of the station's opening in 1851, during the so-called Victorian Railway Mania.
# Christian August Lorentzen

Christian August Lorentzen (10 August 1749 – 8 May 1828) was a Danish painter.

## Early life and education

Christian August Lorentzen was born in Sønderborg, Denmark. He was the son of Hans Peter Lorentzen and Maria Christina Hansdatter. His father was a watchmaker. He arrived in Copenhagen around 1771 where he frequented the Royal Academy of Fine Arts but it is unclear whether he received formal training. After arriving in Copenhagen, he was soon used as a portrait painter. From 1779 to 1782 he went abroad to develop his skills, visiting the Netherlands, Antwerp and Paris where he copied old masters. In 1792 he traveled to Norway to paint prospects.

## Career

After returning home in 1782, he became a more versatile artist. In a number of painting, such as Slaget på Reden (Battle of Copenhagen. 1801) at Danish Museum of National History and Den rædsomste nat (The Awful Night. 1807) at Danish National Gallery, he documented key events from the English Wars between 1801 and 1814. Later in his career he mainly painted portraits, landscapes and scenes from the comedies of Ludvig Holberg (1684–1754).
He was professor at the Royal Academy in Copenhagen from 1803 and until his death in 1828. He followed Nicolai Abildgaard (1743–1809) as the Academy Director from 1809 to 1810. He exercised great influence on the next generation of painters such as Martinus Rørbye (1803–1848) among others.

## Gallery

* Frederiksholm Canal in Copenhagen (1794)
* Battle of Copenhagen (1801)
* Dannebrog falling from heaven during the Battle of Lindanise (1809)
* Model class at the Danish Academy (ca. 1824)
# Yogadṛṣṭisamuccaya

Yogadṛṣṭisamuccaya ("Compendium of Yoga views") is a 228-verse Sanskrit work on Yoga by the Jain Śvetāmbara philosopher Acharya Haribhadrasuri yakini putra (fl. 8th century CE). It is a particularly informative work of comparative religion which analyzes the various philosophical views (drishtis) and practices of post-Gupta Empire Buddhists, Hindus and Jains on Yoga and draws on them to present a uniquely Jaina form of Yoga, with an eightfold division.
While retaining his Jain identity, Acharya Haribhadra also promotes a form of religious pluralism, perennialism and a respect for different religious traditions. He writes that though they have different names, the teachings of those who have achieved liberation (moksha, nirvana, kevala) are grounded on a common truth. For Haribhadra:
"Perhaps the teaching is one, but there are various people who hear it. On account of the inconceivable merit it bestows, it shines forth in various ways." (YDS 136)
He also writes that "There could never be a single road to different cities". (YDS 114)
Haribhadra uses the Yoga Sutras of Patanjali to develop his system of Jain meditation and Yoga. He compares Patanjali's system of eightfold yoga with three other systems, a Buddhist Yoga attributed to a certain Bhadanta Bhāskara, Vedanta Yoga system attributed to Bandhu Bhagavaddatta, and Haribhadra's own Jain Yoga system. The eightfold Yoga system promoted by Haribhadra has the following eight yogas:
* Friendly (Mitrā) – Respect for and emulation of the wise – yamas
* Protector (Tārā) – Performing service – niyama
* Power (Balā) – Control of posture and passions or asana
* Shining (Dīprā) – Control of breath – pranayama
* Firm (Sthirā) – Inwardness – pratyahara
* Pleasing (Kāntā) – Concentration – dharana
* Radiant (Prabhā) – Meditative absorption – dhyana
* Highest (Parā) – Samadhi, ayoga kevala, "highest nirvana"
Haribhadra compares and correlates these eight facets of his Jain yoga with the three other systems. He also attempts to map them into the older Jain system of stages of spiritual growth and development – the gunasthana. The first yoga for example, is seen as encompassing the fourth through the seventh gunasthana.
While Acharya Haribhadra is liberal with his overview of various Yoga traditions, he remains committed to the Jain philosophy and criticizes other Yoga systems for not being complete or for being false. He equally critiques Buddhist theories of momentariness and Hindu monism. He also engages against particular Yoga practices he considers misguided, such as Tantra and elaborate sacrifices, which he argues offer little spiritual advancement.
# 2017 in Northern Ireland

Events during the year 2017 in Northern Ireland.

## Incumbents

* First Minister – Arlene Foster (until 9 January)
* deputy First Minister – Martin McGuinness (until 9 January)
* Secretary of State for Northern Ireland – James Brokenshire

## Events

* January – The deputy First Minister, Martin McGuinness resigns in protest of the handling of the Renewable Heat Incentive scandal.
* 2 March – 2017 Northern Ireland Assembly election takes place.
* 8 April – Robin Swann announced as the new Ulster Unionist Party leader.
* 8 June – UK General election takes place.

## The arts

* June – Agreement for filming of Krypton (TV series) at Belfast Harbour Studios.

## Deaths

* 27 January – Billy Simpson, footballer (b. 1929)
* 1 March – P. J. Bradley, politician (b. 1940)
* 21 March – Martin McGuinness, Sinn Féin politician and presidential candidate, amyloidosis (b. 1950).
* 4 June – Patrick G. Johnston, physician (b. 1958)
* 11 June – Alan Campbell, Pentecostal pastor (b. 1949)
* 25 June – Robert Overend, farmer, businessman and Unionist politician (b. 1930)
* 24 October – Glenn Barr, UDA politician and advocate, member of Northern Ireland Assembly and Constitutional Convention (b. 1942)
# 2015 in Northern Ireland

Events during the year 2015 in Northern Ireland.

## Incumbents

* First Minister - Peter Robinson
** Acting First Minister - Arlene Foster (20 September – 31 October)
* deputy First Minister - Martin McGuiness
* Secretary of State - Theresa Villiers

## Events
### January

* 1 January – New Year's Day (public holiday).

### February

* 17 February – The Police Service of Northern Ireland received a phone call, allegedly from a dissident republican group, claiming to have planted an explosive in a Curryneirin neighborhood outside Derry. Police evacuated 12 homes before finding a device, saying, "It's a bomb and designed to kill".

### March

* 11 March – A major fire occurred in Derry. The blaze broke out at around 12:50 GMT on the Queens Quay area of the city. One hundred and thirty fire fighters were at the scene. Major disruption was caused around the city but no-one was hurt.
* 13 March – Northern Ireland faced its biggest strike yet with teachers, public transport, ambulance staff, civil servants, and others striking because of staff and budget cuts. It caused major disruption across the province.
* 15 March – Mothering Sunday.
* 17 March – Saint Patrick's Day (public holiday).
* 29 March – Palm Sunday. Clocks went forward one hour when British Summer Time (BST) began.

### April

* 1 April- Northern Ireland's brand new super councils came down from 26 to just 11.
* 3 April – Good Friday (public holiday).
* 6 April – Easter Monday (public holiday).
* 15 April – A fishing boat, the Karen, with nets in the water, was dragged backwards rapidly in the Irish Sea, 30 kilometres from Ardglass, County Down, at the Calf of Man. The trawler was badly damaged but the four crew members were unhurt; they suspected they were dragged by a Russian submarine.

### May

* 4 May – May Day and Labour Day (public holiday).
* 25 May – Spring public holiday.

### June

* 21 June – Father's Day.

### July

* 12 July – Orangeman's Day (actual date).
* 13 July – Orangeman's Day (observed). Marching season culminates in The Twelfth celebration of the Glorious Revolution and the Battle of the Boyne.

### August

* 31 August – August public holiday.

### October

* 25 October – Clocks go back one hour when British Summer Time (BST) ends.
* 31 October – Hallowe'en.

### December

* 25 December – Christmas Day (public holiday).
* 26 December – Boxing Day (actual date).
* 28 December – Boxing Day (observed).

## Sports
### Association football
#### International friendly matches

* 25 March – Scotland v Northern Ireland.

#### Euro 2016 qualifiers

* 29 March – Northern Ireland v Finland.
* 13 June – Northern Ireland v Romania.
* 4 September – Faroe Islands v Northern Ireland.
* 7 September – Northern Ireland v Hungary.
* 8 October – Northern Ireland v Greece.
* 11 October – Finland v Northern Ireland.
# Three Lions (video game)

Three Lions (The Official England Team Game), released in North America as Alexi Lalas International Soccer, is a video game developed by Z-Axis and published by Take-Two Interactive, based on European football (soccer). It was released for the PC, PlayStation and Game Boy Color on 17 April 1998 and in 1999 as the official video game of the English Football Association. Originally announced under the title "Major League Soccer", it was also marketed under other names in other regions, including Golden Goal 98, Bomba:98 All Champions Challenge, Mundial:98 and Pro:Foot Contest 98.

## Cover stars

Editions of the game in different regions feature native international footballers. In France, Pro:Foot Contest 98 features Didier Deschamps, in Italy, Bomba:98 All Champions Challenge features Roberto Di Matteo, in North America, Alexi Lalas International Soccer features Alexi Lalas.

## Development

Three Lions was developed under the title "Major League Soccer" for publisher BMG Interactive, but after BMG shut down, publication was taken on by Take-Two Interactive.

## Reception

Aggregate score :
| Aggregator | Score |
| GameRankings | 49% |
Review scores :
| Publication | Score |
| CNET Gamecenter | 7/10 |
| Computer and Video Games | |
| Edge | 7/10 |
| Electronic Gaming Monthly | 3.25/10 |
| Game Informer | 2.25/10 |
| GameSpot | 3.3/10 |
| IGN | 5.5/10 |
| Next Generation | |
| Official U.S. PlayStation Magazine | |
| PC Gamer (UK) | (PC) 41% |
| PlayStation: The Official Magazine | |
The PlayStation version received unfavorable reviews according to the review aggregation website GameRankings.
Next Generation said, "If you're looking for speedy, no-nonsense physical play, you could do a lot worse than Alexi Lalas International Soccer." Extreme PlayStation said, "Three Lions doesn't boast great graphics and has a few niggling flaws (like the omission of any type of analog control), but there's enough innovation and gameplay here to give the other World Cup bandwagon games a run for their money."
# 1966 in Northern Ireland

Events during the year 1966 in Northern Ireland.

## Incumbents

* Governor - The Lord Erskine of Rerrick
* Prime Minister - Terence O'Neill

## Events

* 17 April - In Belfast, the Easter Rising is commemorated by large republican parades.
* 26 June - Ulster Volunteer Force engages in three sectarian murders.
* 23 November - By-election for the Parliament of Northern Ireland in the Queen's University of Belfast constituency, the last election prior to the seat's abolition in 1969. Robert Porter (Ulster Unionist Party) wins.
* Divis Tower in Belfast is built.

## Arts and literature

* Seamus Heaney's first poetry collection, Death of a Naturalist.
* Ulster Orchestra founded in Belfast by the Arts Council of Northern Ireland, with Maurice Miles as its first principal conductor and János Fürst as leader.

## Sport
### Football

* Irish League
       Winners: Linfield
* Irish Cup
       Winners: Glentoran 2 - 0 Linfield

## Births

* 3 January - Martin Galway, composer for games.
* 24 January - Jimeoin, comedian and actor.
* 8 March - Enda Gormley, Gaelic footballer.
* 25 March - Anton Rogan, footballer.
* 16 August - Barry McElduff, Sinn Féin MLA.
* 30 August - Peter Cunnah, singer and songwriter.
* 12 October - Brian Kennedy, singer, Eurovision song contestant and writer.
* 28 October - Jules Maxwell, songwriter and composer.
* 16 November - Paul Millar, footballer and football manager.
* 12 December - Ian Paisley, Jr., Democratic Unionist Party MLA.
* 20 December - Dekker Curry, cricketer.
* 27 December - Henry Downey, Derry GAA hurler and Gaelic footballer.
* John McCrea, comic artist.
* Cathy Wilkes, multimedia artist.

## Deaths

* 28 March - Patrick McCartan, Sinn Féin MP and TD, member of 1st Dáil, a founder member of Clann na Poblachta (born 1878).
* 1 April - Brian O'Nolan, novelist, satirist and humorist (born 1911).
* Sydney Sparkes Orr, Professor of Philosophy at the University of Tasmania (born 1914).
# 1965 in Northern Ireland

"none" is preferred when the title is sufficiently descriptive
Events during the year 1965 in Northern Ireland.

## Incumbents

* Governor - The Lord Erskine of Rerrick
* Prime Minister - Terence O'Neill

## Events

* 14 January – Taoiseach Seán Lemass travels to Belfast for an historic meeting with the Prime Minister of Northern Ireland Terence O'Neill. First meeting of Prime Ministers in 43 years.
* 21 January – Nationalist leader Eddie McAteer visits Taoiseach Seán Lemass in Dublin.
* 18 March – The Northern Ireland Minister for Agriculture, Harry West attends a meeting with his Southern counterpart, Charles Haughey, in Dublin.

## Arts and literature

* Publication of Ten Poems by Michael Longley and Twelve Poems by Derek Mahon.

## Sport
### Football

* Irish League
       Winners: Derry City
* Irish Cup
       Winners: Coleraine 2 – 1 Glenavon

## Births
### January to June

* 2 January – Brian Irvine, composer.
* 6 January – Esmond Birnie, Ulster Unionist Party former MLA and author.
* 15 January – James Nesbitt, actor.
* 26 January – Seán Savage, member of the Provisional Irish Republican Army
* 20 February – Miriam Mone, fashion designer (died 2007).
* 2 March – Lembit Öpik, UK Liberal Party MP.
* 25 March – Jim Shannon, Democratic Unionist Party MLA.
* 27 April – Edwin Poots, Democratic Unionist Party MLA.
* 3 May – Gary Mitchell, playwright.
* 7 May – Norman Whiteside, footballer.
* 30 May – Briana Corrigan, singer.

### July to December

* 1 July – Jackie McKernan, discus thrower.
* 20 July – Andy Black, poker player.
* 24 July – Frank Mitchell, television presenter.
* 22 September – Andy Cairns, songwriter and musician.
* 10 November – Eddie Irvine, racecar driver.
* 16 December – Noel Magee, boxer.

### Full date unknown

* Mark Carruthers, radio and television journalist.
* Terence McNaughton, hurling player and manager.
* Paul Seawright, artist.

## Deaths

* 15 February – Sam Thompson, playwright (born 1916).
* 5 March – Helen Waddell, poet, translator and playwright (born 1889).
# Paul-Werner Hozzel

Paul-Werner Hozzel (16 October 1910 – 7 January 1997) was a ground attack pilot in the Luftwaffe of Nazi Germany during World War II. He was a recipient of the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross. Following the war, Hozzel joined the Bundeswehr of West Germany and retired as Brigadegeneral.

## Early life and career

Hozzel, the son of a shipping broker, was born on 16 October 1910 in Hamburg. In April 1931, following graduation with his Abitur, he volunteered for military service with Artillerie-Regiment 2, an artillery regiment of 2nd Division of the Reichswehr based in Schwerin. On 1 March 1934, Hozzel transferred to the Luftwaffe als Leutnant (second lieutenant).

## World War II

At the outbreak of World War II he participated in the Poland campaign in 1939 with the Sturzkampfgeschwaders 1 (StG 1—1st Dive Bomber Wing). This unit also participated in the Battle of France and in the Operation Weserübung. Hozzel was the first Stuka pilot to be awarded the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross (Ritterkreuz des Eisernen Kreuzes) on 8 May 1940. He, Oberleutnant Elmar Schaefer, Leutnant Martin Möbus, and Unteroffizier Gerhard Grenzel, received this award for the destruction of the French destroyer Bison and the British destroyer HMS Afridi.
Hozzel was appointed commander of Sturzkampfgeschwader 2 on 16 October 1941. With SG 2, he fought in the Battle of Stalingrad, the Geschwader flew 12,000 combat missions in this engagement.
It was then tasked to form "Gefechtsverband Hozzel" from parts of the Stuka-Geschwaders 1, 2 and 77 participating in the battles around Dnipropetrovsk. Hozzel was awarded the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross with Oak Leaves (Ritterkreuz des Eisernen Kreuzes mit Eichenlaub) on 14 April 1943. He finished the war in a staff position of Luftflotte 1. He had been tasked with its leadership in the Courland Pocket and went into Soviet captivity as a prisoner of war. He was repatriated on 16 January 1956.
Later in 1956 he joined the Bundeswehr and retired as Brigadegeneral on 30 September 1969.

## Awards

* Iron Cross (1939)
** 2nd Class (14 September 1939)
** 1st Class (5 May 1940)
* Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross with Oak Leaves
** Knight's Cross on 8 May 1940 as Hauptmann and Gruppenkommandeur of the I./StG 1
** 230th Oak Leaves on 14 April 1943 Oberstleutnant and Geschwaderkommodore of StG 2 "Immelmann"
# 1946 in Northern Ireland

"none" is preferred when the title is sufficiently descriptive
Events during the year 1946 in Northern Ireland.

## Incumbents

* Governor - Earl Granville
* Prime Minister - Basil Brooke

## Events

* 19 March – British Royal Navy aircraft carrier HMS Eagle (R05) (laid down 1942) is launched at the Harland and Wolff shipyard in Belfast. Work on HMS Powerful is suspended this year until she is recommenced in 1952 as HMCS Bonaventure (CVL 22).
* 6 June – 1946 Down by-election: The Ulster Unionist Party gain Down in a by-election.
* 1 December – Nutts Corner opens as Northern Ireland's principal civil airport, replacing Belfast Harbour.
* Homeless families from Derry begin to occupy the former United States Navy Springtown Camp.

## Arts and literature

* John Luke holds his first one-man exhibition, at the Belfast Museum and Art Gallery, and paints Northern Rhythm.

## Births
### January to June

* 9 February – Seán Neeson, Alliance Party of Northern Ireland politician
* 26 March – Carmel Hanna, SDLP MLA.
* 30 April – Fred Cobain, Ulster Unionist Party MLA
* 4 May – John Watson, racing car driver.
* 22 May – George Best, footballer (died 2005).
* 25 May – Norah Beare, Ulster Unionist, later Democratic Unionist Party, politician.
* 21 June – Kate Hoey, Labour Party politician in the United Kingdom.
* 30 June – Allan Hunter, footballer.

### July to December

* 31 October – Stephen Rea, actor.
* 28 November – Barry Devlin, bass-player with Horslips.
* 31 December – Bryan Hamilton, footballer and football manager.

### Full date unknown

* Maurice Harron, sculptor.
* Inez McCormack, trade union leader (died 2013).
* Tom McGurk, poet, journalist and broadcaster.
* Freddie Scappaticci, accused of being a high-level double agent in the Provisional Irish Republican Army.
* Raymond Snoddy, journalist and broadcaster.
# 1940 in Northern Ireland

"none" is preferred when the title is sufficiently descriptive
Events during the year 1940 in Northern Ireland.

## Incumbents

* Governor - The Duke of Abercorn
* Prime Minister - James Craig (until 24 November), J. M. Andrews (from 27 November)

## Events

* 2 January – The Royal Ulster Constabulary finds 2½ tons of the ammunition stolen in last year's Irish Republican Army Dublin Christmas Raid inside County Armagh.
* 27 May – The new Churchill war ministry in London agrees to seek co-operation from Éamon de Valera and creation of an All-Ireland Council during "the present emergency".
* 1 June – Sale of the neutralist Derry Journal in Northern Ireland is prohibited for four days.
* 4 July – Taoiseach Éamon de Valera announces that the policy of neutrality adopted the previous September will not be reversed.
* 7 November – Éamon de Valera, speaking in response to Winston Churchill's statement, says that there can be no question of handing over Irish ports for use by British forces while they retain control of Northern Ireland.
* 24 November – James Craig, the first Prime Minister of Northern Ireland, dies suddenly. He was the longest continually serving Prime Minister in Europe.
* Ballymena, Cushendall and Red Bay Railway (part of Belfast and Northern Counties Railway) ceases operations.

## Arts and literature

* The Northern Ireland Players join with the Ulster Theatre and the Jewish Institute Dramatic Society to form the Group Theatre.
* Opening of the Vogue Cinema, Kilkeel, County Down, a notable example of modern architecture, designed by Ben Cowser.
* Louis MacNeice publishes his poetry collection The Last Ditch (including "The Coming of War" sequence).

## Sport
### Football

* Irish League
       Winners: Belfast Celtic
* Irish Cup
       Winners: Ballymena United 2 - 0 Glenavon

## Births

* 26 January – Séamus Hegarty, Bishop of Derry (1994 - ).
* 5 February – Andy Tyrie, loyalist paramilitary.
* 7 February – Harold McCusker, Ulster Unionist Party MP (died 1990).
* 9 February – Seamus Deane, poet, critic and novelist (died 2021).
* 11 February – Anne Gregg, travel writer and television presenter (died 2006).
* 24 March – Sam Gardiner, Ulster Unionist Party MLA.
* 6 June – Willie John McBride, international rugby player.
* 26 July – Brian Mawhinney, Conservative Party (UK) MP and football executive (died 2019 in the United Kingdom).
* 31 July – Roy Walker, comedian and television presenter.
* 29 August – P. J. Bradley, SDLP MLA (died 2017).
* 6 September – Anthony Farquhar, Auxiliary Bishop of Diocese of Down and Connor.
* 26 November – Charles Corry, cricketer.
* 22 December – Jim McLaughlin, footballer and football manager.
* Philip Caves, cardiothoracic surgeon (died 1978 in the United Kingdom).

## Deaths

* 24 November – James Craig, 1st Viscount Craigavon, first Prime Minister of Northern Ireland (born 1871).