OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Donna Rose (activist)

Donna Rose is an American transgender rights activist and author. Rose began living openly as a trans woman in 1997 and has spent the years since her gender transition consulting and training on workplace transgender issues.
Rose has worked at American Airlines since 2016.

## Activism

Rose transitioned while working at PCS Health Systems, but she left due to the awkwardness she felt there and wanted a fresh start with a new employer. She cited her experience as "disappointing, but better than many [other trans workers]."
In 2002, she joined the Human Rights Campaign's Business Council as one of two transgender members.
In 2003, she published "Wrapped in Blue: A Journey of Discovery," which was a featured selection in the Texas Book Festival that year.
She became the first and only transgender member of the Human Rights Campaign's board of directors in 2005.
In late 2007, she resigned from both HRC positions over the organization's controversial stance to not oppose the Employment Non-Discrimination Act, which included protections against discrimination based on sexual orientation but not gender identity.
Rose's advocacy continued through other organizations, including serving as Vice Chair of Transgender Advocates of Central Texas and as a board member of HIV/AIDS organization Phoenix Body Positive. She would also join the boards of GLAAD and NGLCC from 2008 to 2010.
In 2010, she was appointed the executive director of the LGBT Community Center Coalition of Central Pennsylvania. She continued to write pieces to educate about transgender people and issues.
Rose joined the board of Out & Equal in 2017.

## Awards

Rose was honored with the "Trinity Award" in 2007 by the International Foundation for Gender Education.
In 2008, Campus Pride acknowledged Rose with the organization's "Voice Action Award" for her advocacy in the workplace and the classroom.

## Wrestling

Rose has wrestled throughout her life. She competed in the ASICS US Open Wrestling Championships in Cleveland in 2010, and received the Federation of Gay Games "Outstanding Athlete" Legacy Award at Gay Games 9 in 2014.
# Duchy (Kingdom of Hungary)

The Duchy or Ducatus (Hungarian: dukátus or hercegség) is the denomination for territories occasionally governed separately by members (dukes) of the Árpád dynasty within the Kingdom of Hungary in the 11th-12th centuries. The symbol of the ducal power was a sword, while the royal power was represented by the crown.

## Origins

Modern historians do not share a consensual view on the origins of the Duchy or territorial units administered by members of the royal family within the medieval Kingdom of Hungary. György Györffy writes that the Ducatus or "Duchy" developed from the command over the Kabars and other ethnic groups which joined the federation of the Hungarian tribes. According to his opinion, this command was initially, even before the Hungarian conquest of the Carpathian Basin around 895, bestowed upon the heir to the supreme head of the Hungarian tribal federation, in accordance with the customs of the Turkic peoples of the Eurasian steppes. Therefore, Györffy continues, the crown prince's command over these ethnic groups transformed, in the course of the 10th century, into his authority over the territories where they settled. Tringli says that it is possible that Koppány's domains in Transdanubia and Saint Emeric's territories (he bore the title of Duke of Russians) were duchies too in accordance with steppe tradition. On the other hand, Gyula Kristó, who rejected Györffy's theory, writes that the Duchy only came into being when King Andrew I of Hungary granted one third of his kingdom to his younger brother, Béla around 1048. He cites the Illuminated Chronicle which clearly states that this was the "first division of the kingdom".
Clifford Rogers argues that possession of the Duchy owes its roots to the tradition of senioratus. The dukes regarded the control of the duchy as a pathway to the throne.

## Territories

The exact borders of the Duchy have not been determined yet. The counties entrusted to the members of the ruling dynasty did not form a separate province within the kingdom, but they were organized around two or three centers. The duchy made up one-third of the kingdom's territory.
The eastern block of the counties were located around Bihar (Romanian: Biharea), a city that was also the see of a Roman Catholic diocese in that time. The north-western parts of the territories were centered around Nyitra (German: Neutra, Slovak: Nitra). A third possible center of the territories was Krassó, a fortress destroyed later in the first half of the 13th century, located near to the present-day Dupljaja in Serbia.
The dukes' principal hunting-grounds lay in the "Holy Forest" (Igyfon) on the territory of the Apuseni Mountains (today in Romania) in the 11th century.

## Dukes

The list of the members of the Árpád dynasty who were dukes of the Ducatus ("Tercia pars regni") follows:
* Béla the Champion / the Bison (1048–1060)
* Géza (1064–1074)
* Saint Ladislaus (1064–1077)
* Lampert (1064- cca. 1095)
* Álmos (1095/1096-1107)
* Stephen (1162–1163)
# 5th Division (Norway)

The 5th Division was a military formation of the Norwegian Army from 1916 until the 1940 Norwegian Campaign of the Second World War. It was charged with defending Romsdal and Trøndelag, with units participating in Dombås, Andalsnes, and Namsos. Jacob Ager Laurantzon was its commander.
The division was first established as the 5th Brigade in 1911, and changed its name to a division in 1916. It was the Norwegian Army's district organization in Møre og Romsdal and Trøndelag in the period 1911-1916 (as the 5th Brigade) and from 1916 to 1940 (as the 5th Division).
On April 9, 1940, the divisional commander, Jacob Ager Laurantzon, gave clear instructions that no battle should be fought against the Germans; he also wanted to report for the German commander in Trondheim. The latter was averted by county governor Håkon Five in Nord-Trøndelag; Five and Colonels Getz and Wettre had Laurantzon removed from the position on 27 April.
The 1st and 2nd Battalions of Infantry Regiment 11 garrisoned at Andalsnes, part of the 5th Division, before the German invasion, fought the German 7th Flieger Division during the Battle of Dombås (14-19 April 1940).
# Ron Fortunato

Ron Fortunato is an American film and television cinematographer and a television director. His credits include Nil by Mouth, Sunset Strip, Hachiko: A Dog's Story and 100 Centre Street. From 2009 to 2010, he directed two episodes of Gossip Girl. He has been a member of the American Society of Cinematographers since 1998.
In 2001, he was nominated for Outstanding Cinematography for a Multi-Camera Series at the Primetime Emmy Awards for his work on 100 Centre Street.
# Aaron Peck (American football)

Aaron Peck (born October 9, 1994) is an American former football wide receiver. He played college football at Fresno State as a wide receiver before transitioning to the tight end position. He signed with the Green Bay Packers as an undrafted free agent.

## Professional career
### Green Bay Packers

After going undrafted in the 2017 NFL draft, Peck signed with the Green Bay Packers as an undrafted free agent on May 5, 2017. He was waived on September 2, 2017.

### San Diego Fleet

On August 6, 2018, Peck signed with the San Diego Fleet of the Alliance of American Football. He failed to make the final roster.

### Calgary Stampeders

Peck re-signed with the Calgary Stampeders on December 17, 2020. He retired from football on June 28, 2021.

## Post-football life
### LAFD

In 2023, Peck became a firefighter with the Los Angeles Fire Department (LAFD). As of June 2023, Peck was a member of C shift at Station 21 in South Central LA.
# Howick Cross

Howick Cross is a landmark and small hamlet in Penwortham, South Ribble, Lancashire, England. It is located just over 2 miles south west of the city of Preston. The hamlet is predominantly made up of a small community, a primary school, various farms and an electrical substation. The community had a population of 354 people in 2001.
The wayside cross, probably medieval, was restored 1919. Only the base is original, a roughly hewn cube-shaped block 75 cm wide and 60 cm deep; this stands on stone plinth which has an inscription stating that it was restored to commemorate peace, 1919; and it carries a cross 1 metre high. (Henry Taylor Ancient Crosses and Holy Wells 1906.
It is located near the village of Hutton. Other nearby communities include the village of New Longton.
Howick was a civil parish from 1866 until 1 April 1934, when it was absorbed into the parish of Penwortham. Howick parish was part of Preston Rural District. The former parish name survives in Howick C E School, the Hutton and Howick Women's Institute (the oldest in Lancashire, founded by suffragette Edith Rigby) and the former railway station.
Hutton and Howick railway station opened on 1 December 1897, on the Preston to Southport railway line. It was renamed New Longton and Hutton on 3 November 1934 and closed, along with the line, on 7 September 1964.
# French brig Créole (1808)

The Créole was a three-masted schooner sloop of war of the French Navy.
On 26 April 1809, she left île de France under captain Bouvet, part of Hamelin's squadron. She sailed to Manilla, where she captured a British and a Portuguese prize. She took part in the re-captured of Foulpointe settlement.
In October 1809, she seized and destroyed the British settlement of Tapanoolie, near Sumatra. She took part in the action of 18 November 1809, before returning to Île de France. There, she was converted to a brig.
She sailed to Saint Helena in 1811, and returned to Brest in 1812.
She was wrecked in Senegal on 30 November 1823.

## Sources and references

* Roche, Jean-Michel (2005). Dictionnaire des bâtiments de la flotte de guerre française de Colbert à nos jours 1 1671 - 1870. p. 134. ISBN 978-2-9525917-0-6. OCLC 165892922. (Group Retozel-Maury Millau)
# Raphidiidae

Raphidiidae is a family of snakeflies in the order Raphidioptera.

## Genera

Raphidiidae are divided in 28 genera with about 210 species
* Raphidiinae Latreille, 1810
** Agullini Engel
*** Agulla Navás, 1914
** Alenini Engel
*** Alena Navás, 1916
** Raphidiini Latreille, 1810
*** †Archiraphidia (Eocene; United States)
*** Africoraphidia Aspöck & Aspöck, 1969
*** Atlantoraphidia
*** Calabroraphidia
*** Dichrostigma Navás, 1909
*** Harraphidia Steinmann, 1963
*** Hispanoraphidia
*** Iranoraphidia
*** Italoraphidia
*** Mauroraphidia Aspöck, Aspöck, & Rausch, 1983
*** Mongoloraphidia
*** Ohmella H. Aspöck & U. Aspöck
*** Ornatoraphidia
*** Parvoraphidia
*** Phaeostigma
*** Puncha Navás, 1915
*** Raphidia Linnaeus, 1758
*** Subilla
*** Tadshikoraphidia
*** Tauroraphidia
*** Tjederiraphidia
*** Turcoraphidia
*** Ulrike
*** Venustoraphidia
*** Xanthostigma
* †Succinoraphidiinae Aspöck & Aspöck, 2004
** †Succinoraphidia Aspöck & Aspöck, 2004
* Incertae sedis
** †Archiinocellia Handlirsch, 1910 (Eocene; Canada, United States)
** †Florissantoraphidia Makarkin & Archibald, 2014 (Priabonian; United States)
** †Megaraphidia Cockerell, 1907 (Eocene; Canada, United States)
# Tour de Force (film)

Tour de Force (German: Hin und weg) is a 2014 German drama film directed by Christian Zübert, produced by Florian Gallenberger and Benjamin Herrmann and starring Florian David Fitz, Julia Koschitz, Jürgen Vogel and Miriam Stein. It was screened in the Contemporary World Cinema section at the 2014 Toronto International Film Festival and in the Grand Piazzia Section of the Locarno International Film Festival.

## Cast

* Florian David Fitz as Hannes
* Julia Koschitz as Kiki
* Jürgen Vogel as Michael
* Miriam Stein as Sabine
* Volker Bruch as Finn
* Johannes Allmayer as Dominik
* Victoria Mayer [de] as Mareike
* Hannelore Elsner as Irene

## Awards

Florian David Fitz received the Jupiter Award 2015 as Best Actor.

## Reception

Indiewire wrote: "There have been a lot of narrative features and documentaries made on euthanasia, but “Tour De Force” manages to become a unique and emotionally immersive experience on the subject by sidestepping all of the surrounding political controversy and focusing entirely on the psychological and spiritual effects the practice has on people. It's a powerful experience that's remarkably tender and human, equally heartbreaking and life affirming. “Tour De Force” is a powerful drama about the value of life, friendship, and love, as well as the inevitable grieving process one has to survive upon the loss of a loved one."
# Antonis Magas

Antonis Magas (Greek: Αντώνης Μάγκας; born 28 February 1994) is a Greek professional footballer who plays as a centre-back for Football League club Aigeas Plomariou.

## Honours
### Thiva

* Boeotia FCA Cup: 2017–18
# Tanque Formation

The Tanque Formation is a geologic formation in Mexico. It preserves fossils dating back to the Cretaceous period.
# Aksala Formation

The Aksala Formation is a geologic formation in Yukon. It preserves fossils dating back to the Triassic period.
The fossils found include sea urchins such as Triassicidaris peruviensis.
# Radio Iodine

Radio Iodine was an American alternative rock band from St. Louis, Missouri. It was formed in 1993 as 9 Days Wonder by Tony Persyn and his wife, Ellen. After another band threatened to sue over the name, the band changed its name to Radio Iodine. It signed to Radioactive Records, which released a self-titled EP in 1996. Radioactive Records chairman Gary Kurfirst moved the band to his new subsidiary label Radiouniverse, and the band's 1997 album Tiny Warnings was the label's inaugural release.
A midwest tour took the band through the summer of 1997. In the fall of 1997, Tom Bramer quit the band and was replaced by guitarist Mike Speckhard. The band performed its final show at Mississippi Nights in St. Louis on December 12, 1998.
Tony Persyn died on January 12, 2020.

## Former members

* Tony Persyn – bass and sequencing
* Ellen Bledsoe – vocals
* Tom Bramer – guitars
* Anna DiPiazza – keyboards, backing vocals
* Greg Miller – drums
* Steven "Stitch" Held – drums

## Discography

| Year | Title | Label |
| 1994 | Garden of Black Roses (as 9 Days Wonder) | |
| 1996 | Radio Iodine (EP) | Radioactive |
| 1997 | Tiny Warnings | Radiouniverse/Universal |
# Jeremy Nelson

Jeremy Nelson is an American visual effects artist. He won a Visual Effects Society award in 2011 for best compositing for his work on the HBO mini-series, The Pacific.
Nelson was born in Thatcher, Arizona and attended Thatcher High School and Eastern Arizona College. He has also worked on the motion pictures The Guardian, Clash of the Titans, The Day the Earth Stood Still and Spy and on the television shows Grimm and Bosch as well as several others.
# Dion Smith

Dion Smith (born 3 March 1993) is a New Zealand cyclist, who currently rides for UCI WorldTeam Intermarché–Wanty.

## Career

Smith was born in Taupaki in Rodney District. He attended Massey High School.
In September 2015 it was announced that he would join ONE Pro Cycling for the 2016 season. In June 2017, he was named in the startlist for the 2017 Tour de France. In stage six of the race, he was part of the sprint for the finish line and given the same time as the winner, Marcel Kittel. In August 2019, he was named in the startlist for the 2019 Vuelta a España.
In September 2022 it was announced that Smith would join team Intermarché–Circus–Wanty for the 2023 and 2024 season.

## Major results
### 2011

    2nd Overall Tour de l'Abitibi

### 2013

    1st Stage 4 McLane Pacific Classic
    4th Tour de Delta
    6th Philadelphia International Cycling Classic

### 2014

    1st Stage 1 Redlands Bicycle Classic
    National Under-23 Road Championships
       2nd Road race
       3rd Time trial
    3rd Philadelphia International Cycling Classic
    7th Overall Tour de Beauce

### 2015

    1st Overall Cascade Cycling Classic
    2nd Road race, National Under-23 Road Championships
    2nd Winston-Salem Cycling Classic Criterium
    3rd Overall New Zealand Cycle Classic
       1st Young rider classification
    3rd Overall Tour de Beauce
       1st Points classification
       1st Young rider classification
    4th Overall Joe Martin Stage Race
       1st Young rider classification
    5th Overall Tour of Alberta

### 2016

    1st The REV Classic
    1st Beaumont Trophy
    2nd Road race, National Road Championships
    5th Overall Four Days of Dunkirk
    5th Overall Ronde van Midden-Nederland
       1st Stage 1 (TTT)
    5th Grote Prijs Jef Scherens
    5th Münsterland Giro
    10th Overall Herald Sun Tour
    10th Overall Tour de Yorkshire
    10th Cadel Evans Great Ocean Road Race

### 2017

    3rd Road race, National Road Championships

### 2018

    2nd Paris–Chauny
    3rd Overall Tour of Belgium
    8th Coppa Sabatini
    Tour de France
       Held after Stages 2–4

### 2019

    3rd Japan Cup

### 2020 (1 pro win)

    1st Coppa Sabatini
    6th Milan–San Remo
    9th Milano–Torino

### 2021

    7th Gran Premio di Lugano

### 2022

    2nd Per sempre Alfredo
    2nd Prueba Villafranca de Ordizia

### 2023

    7th Cadel Evans Great Ocean Road Race

### Grand Tour general classification results timeline

| Grand Tour | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | 2023 | 2024 |
| Giro d'Italia | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 89 |
| Tour de France | 124 | 97 | — | — | — | — | 111 | |
| Vuelta a España | — | — | 83 | 74 | — | — | | |
Legend :
| — | Did not compete |
| DNF | Did not finish |
# Vuelta al Ecuador

The Vuelta al Ecuador is a cycling race held annually in Ecuador. It was part of the UCI America Tour in category 2.2 from 2007 to 2010.

## Winners

| Year | Winner |
| 1966 | Hipólito Pozo |
| 1967 | Jaime Pozo |
| 1971 | Jaime Pozo |
| 1972 | Jaime Pozo |
| 1974 | Carlos Arturo Zapata |
| 1975 | Carlos Montenegro |
| 1976 | Carlos Montenegro |
| 1977 | Elvio Barreto |
| 1982 | Jorge Amable Vázquez |
| 1986 | Juan Carlos Rosero |
| 1987 | Pablo Caicedo |
| 1988 | Pedro Rodríguez |
| 1989 | Juan Carlos Rosero |
| 1990 | Pedro Rodríguez |
| 1991 | Pedro Rodríguez |
| 1992 | Juan Carlos Rosero |
| 1993 | Pedro Rodríguez |
| 1995 | Pedro Rodríguez |
| 1997 | Héctor Chiles |
| 2000 | Julio Bernal |
| 2001 | Héctor Chiles |
| 2002 | Héctor Chiles |
| 2003 | Franco Rodríguez |
| 2004 | Byron Guamá |
| 2005 | Héctor Chiles |
| 2006 | Milton Tapia |
| 2007 | Alex Atapuma |
| 2008 | Byron Guamá |
| 2009 | Fernando Camargo |
| 2010 | Byron Guamá |
| 2011 | No race |
| 2012 | Byron Guamá |
| 2013 | Freddy Montaña |
| 2014 | Juan Carlos Pozo |
| 2015 2016 2017 | No race |
| 2018 | Óscar Sevilla |
| 2019 | Jorge Luis Montenegro |
| 2020 | Santiago Montenegro |
| 2021 | Wilson Haro |
| 2022 | Robinson Chalapud |
| 2023 | Robinson Chalapud |
| 2024 | Richard Huera |
# Amba (landform)

An amba (Amharic: ዐምባ āmbā, Tigrinya: እምባ imbā) is a characteristic landform in Ethiopia. It is a steep-sided, flat-topped mountain, often the site of villages, wells, and their surrounding farmland. Such settlements were frequently located on these amba plateaus because they were very defensible and often virtually inaccessible from the ground.
The original term in Amharic indicates a mountain fortress. Amba Geshen, for example, is a historically significant amba where members of royal families were kept under guard for their safety and to prevent their participation in plots against the sitting emperor. Other noted Ambas include Amba Aradam and Amba Alagi, sites of famous battles during the first and second Italo-Ethiopian Wars.

## Notable ambas

* Amba Geshen: A historic prison or detention location for royal family members.
* Debre Damo: The name of both an Amba and historic Ethiopian Church.
* Magdala: Emperor Tewodros's capitol before his death during the British Expedition to Abyssinia.
* Amba Alagi: Site of three battles, in both Italo-Ethiopian Wars.
In 2008, a scientific mission identified on an amba near Harar, the Kundudo, one of just two feral horse populations in Africa.
# Borja Gil

Borja Gil Albarracín (born 4 December 1990) is a Spanish footballer who plays as a winger.

## Club career

Born in Ceuta, Gil finished his youth career with Real Valladolid, and made his senior debut with Murallas de Ceuta FC in the 2009–10 season, in the Tercera División. In August 2010 he joined Unión Estepona CF of Segunda División B, and featured sparingly for the side during the campaign, being also relegated.
Gil moved to fellow league team CF Villanovense on 6 July 2011. One year later, he signed for Lucena CF also in the third division. After suffering a knee injury, he terminated his contract on 29 December 2012.
On 15 January 2013, Gil joined Real Murcia, initially assigned to the reserves in the fourth tier. On 21 April he made his first-team debut, coming on as a late substitute in a 1–1 away draw against FC Barcelona B in the Segunda División.
Gil rejected a new deal in July 2013, and later signed for hometown club AD Ceuta FC. On 10 July of the following year he moved to UB Conquense, being deemed surplus to requirements a month later.
Gil severed his ties with Conquense in November 2014, and returned to Ceuta in January 2015. He continued to play in lower-league or amateur football until his retirement, also having a spell in the Gibraltar Premier Division with Lincoln Red Imps FC.
# Borja Iradier

Borja Iradier Aguirrezabalaga (March 23, 1980 in San Sebastián, Guipúzcoa, Spain) is a Spanish breaststroke swimmer.
At the 2007 Spanish National Championships, Iradier led Day three of the championship.
# Portrait (Doc Watson album)

Portrait is the title of a recording by American folk music artist Doc Watson, released in 1987.
Guests include Jerry Douglas, Sam Bush and Mark O'Connor.
Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Allmusic | |

## Track listing

* "I'm Worried Now" – 2:13
* "Nobody Knows But Me" (Elsie McWilliams, Jimmie Rodgers) – 3:40
* "Leaving London" (Tom Paxton) – 3:48
* "Stay in the Middle of the Road" (Traditional) – 2:33
* "Risin' Sun Blues" (Traditional) – 4:11
* "George Gudger's Overalls" (Lawrence Hammond) – 3:20
* "Tucker's Barn" (Traditional) – 2:08
* "Storms on the Ocean" (A. P. Carter) – 3:31
* "Prayer Bells of Heaven" (Traditional) – 2:25
* "Tough Luck Man" (Clarence Ashley) – 2:45
* "She's Gone Away" (William Smith) – 2:43
* "Country Blues" (Dock Boggs) – 3:24
* "Blue Eyed Jane" (Jimmie Rodgers, Lulu Belle White) – 3:00

## Personnel

* Doc Watson – guitar, 12-string guitar, banjo, harmonica, autoharp, vocals
* T. Michael Coleman – bass, harmony vocals
* Sam Bush – fiddle, mandolin
* Mark O'Connor – fiddle
* Jerry Douglas – dobro
* Alan O'Bryant – guitar, harmony vocals
* Pat McInerney – percussion
* Mike Compton – harmony vocals
* Pat Enright – harmony vocals
* Mark Hembree – harmony vocals
* Jack Lawrence – guitar
Production notes
* Produced by T. Michael Coleman and Doc Watson
* Engineered by Bill Vorn Dick
* Mastered by James Lloyd