OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Battle of Saintes

The Battle of Saintes was fought on 1 April 1351 during the Hundred Years' War between French and English forces. The French were besieging the town of Saint-Jean-d'Angély when an English relief force arrived. The English force was victorious, but was unable to fulfill its mission, to resupply the besieged. The town fell to the French on 31 August.

## Background

Upon the accession of King John II of France in August 1350, John II ignored his father's King Philip VI's recent extension to the Truce of Calais, and prepared to raise an army for a campaign against the English garrisons in Saintonge. An army of several thousand men led by Guy II de Nesle and his deputy Arnoul d'Audrehem arrived before the town of Saint-Jean-d'Angély in February 1351 and laid siege to the town.
The English garrison of around six hundred men was under pressure due to winter stores almost being exhausted. The French had surrounded the town walls, which were in disrepair and had cut off the main trade roads leading south into the English County of Gascony. The French learning of a relieving force of several hundred men, led by the Seneschal of Gascony John de Cheverston and Arnaud-Amanieu, a detachment of the French army travelled through the night of 31 March, to intercept the English force.
The English force had no intention of breaking the siege, but was instead attempting to bring a supply train to the besieged town of Saint-Jean-d'Angély.

## Battle

After travelling through the night, de Nesle intercepted the English force about three miles outside the town of Saintes. Upon being intercepted the English dismounted, as was common practice at that time, formed up a line of battle and had their horses led to the rear. Guy de Nesle, also ordered most of his forces to dismount, except for small bodies of cavalry on each wing, the French then deployed along a stretch of high ground.
The battle was a short encounter that resulted in the French being routed. A separate English force of several hundred men from the nearby English garrisons of Taillebourg and Tonnay-Charente assaulted the French forces at their rear. Over six hundred French knights were killed or captured. Both Guy II de Nesle and his deputy Arnoul d’Audrehem were captured and paid heavy ransoms for their release.

## Aftermath

Although the English were victorious, Cheverston was unable to break through to Saint-Jean-d'Angély. A small English force, led by the commander of the Taillebourg garrison was able to resupply the garrison at Saint-Jean-d'Angély. Cheverston withdrew to Bordeaux and John II reinforced the army around Saint-Jean-d'Angély, which fell to the French on 31 August.

## Citations

* 1 2 3 4 5 Wagner 2006, p. 275.
# Ngiyeza

"Ngiyeza" is a single by a South African singer Lwah Ndlunkulu, released on January 20, 2023, through Nkabi Records. It was written by Lwandile Mtshali and Xolani Shabalala.

## Personnel

Credits for "Ngiyeza" are adapted from AllMusic.
* Lwah Ndlunkulu - Primary Artist
* Lwandile Mtshali - Composer
* Xolani Shabalala - Composer

## Track listing

* Digital download
* "Ngiyeza" (Imizwa) – 4:41

## Awards

Awards and nominations for "Ngiyeza" :
| Organization | Year | Category | Result | Ref. |
| Basadi in Music Awards | 2024 | Capasso Most Streamed Song | Won | |
| South African Music Awards | 2024 | RAV Music Video of the Year | Nominated | |

## Certifications

| Region | Certification | Certified units/sales |
| South Africa (RISA) | Platinum | 20,000$^‡$ |
| $^‡$ Sales+streaming figures based on certification alone. |||
# Martha Vázquez

Martha Alicia Vázquez (born February 21, 1953) is a senior United States district judge of the United States District Court for the District of New Mexico. She is the first woman to be appointed as a federal judge in that state.

## Education and career

Born in Santa Barbara, California, Vázquez is an alumna of the University of Notre Dame, where she received a Bachelor of Arts degree in 1975, followed by a Juris Doctor from the Notre Dame Law School in 1978. Following a brief stint with Michigan Migrant Legal Services, she was a public defender in New Mexico from 1979 to 1981, and then entered private practice, in Santa Fe, New Mexico, from 1981 until her appointment to the federal bench in 1993.

### Federal judicial service

On August 6, 1993, Vázquez was nominated by President Bill Clinton for the judge seat on the District Court vacated by Santiago E. Campos. She was confirmed by the United States Senate on September 30, 1993, and received her commission on October 1, 1993. She was sworn in on October 6, 1993. She served as chief judge of the court from 2003 to 2010. She assumed senior status on December 31, 2021.
# Josai University

Josai University (城西大学, Jōsai Daigaku) is a private university in Sakado, Saitama, Japan, established in 1965. The predecessor of the school, Jōsai Gakuen Middle School, later Jōsai High School, was founded in 1918. The university is operated by the Josai University Educational Corporation, which was founded by the 17th Minister of Finance, Mikio Mizuta (1905–1976). Mizuta was Minister of Finance from 1960 to 1962, and then served as the first chancellor of Josai. The university opened with a Faculty of Economics and Faculty of Science. The Mizuta Museum of Art opened in 1976, and the graduate school of Josai University was established in 1977. The Josai University Educational Corporation also operates Josai International University, founded in 1992.

## Exchange programs

Josai University maintains exchange programs with the following five institutions.
* Camosun College, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
* Tamkang University, Tamsui, New Taipei, Taiwan
* Dongseo University, Busan, South Korea
* Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, Perak, Malaysia
* Management and Science University, Selangor, Malaysia

## Notable alumni

Yuki Takamiya, long-distance runner
# Taungpulu Kaba-Aye Sayadaw

Taungpulu Tawya Kaba-Aye Sayadaw U Nandiya (Burmese: တောင်ပုလုတောရကမ္ဘာအေးဆရာတော်ဦးနန္ဒိယ, 20 March 1897 – 7 June 1986) was an influential Theravada Buddhist monk. Taungpulu Sayadaw was born in Tesu Village, Wundwin Township of Myanmar. He was the eldest chief of U Yan and Daw Shwe The. His childhood name was Maung Paw Lar.
He was founder of the Taungpulu Kaba Aye Monastery in Boulder Creek, California.
# Dante Rigo

Dante Rigo (born 11 December 1998) is a Belgian professional footballer who plays as a midfielder for Ligue 2 club Grenoble.

## Career

He formerly played for Sparta Rotterdam.
Rigo made his professional debut as Jong PSV player in the Eerste Divisie on 12 August 2016 against SC Cambuur. He played the full game. Rigo played his first game for PSV in September 2017, when PSV played a domestic cup match against SDC Putten.
In June 2019, Rigo signed a new contract with the club until summer 2022 and joined Eredivisie club Sparta Rotterdam on loan.
In August 2020, Rigo joined ADO Den Haag on a season-long loan.
On 4 January 2022, Rigo left PSV and signed for Beerschot on a contract until the end of the season, with the option of a further year.
On 26 June 2023, Rigo signed for Ligue 2 club Grenoble on a three-year deal, having rejected a new contract with Beerschot.

## Career statistics

    As of 4 January 2022
Appearances and goals by club, season and competition :
| Club | Season | League | League | League | National cup | National cup | Other | Other | Total | Total |
| Club | Season | Division | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals |
| Jong PSV | 2016–17 | Eerste Divisie | 23 | 0 | — | — | 0 | 0 | 23 | 0 |
| Jong PSV | 2017–18 | Eerste Divisie | 27 | 2 | — | — | 0 | 0 | 27 | 2 |
| Jong PSV | 2018–19 | Eerste Divisie | 13 | 1 | — | — | 0 | 0 | 13 | 1 |
| Jong PSV | 2019–20 | Eerste Divisie | 0 | 0 | — | — | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Jong PSV | 2020–21 | Eerste Divisie | 11 | 0 | — | — | 0 | 0 | 11 | 0 |
| Jong PSV | Total | Total | 74 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 74 | 3 |
| PSV | 2017–18 | Eredivisie | 2 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 0 |
| PSV | 2018–19 | Eredivisie | 5 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 6 | 1 |
| PSV | 2019–20 | Eredivisie | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| PSV | 2020–21 | Eredivisie | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| PSV | 2021–22 | Eredivisie | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| PSV | Total | Total | 7 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 9 | 1 |
| Sparta Rotterdam (loan) | 2019–20 | Eredivisie | 16 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 18 | 0 |
| ADO Den Haag (loan) | 2020–21 | Eredivisie | 11 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 12 | 0 |
| Beerschot | 2021–22 | Belgian First Division A | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Career total | Career total | Career total | 108 | 4 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 113 | 4 |

## Honours

PSV
* Eredivisie: 2017–18
* Johan Cruyff Shield: 2016
Belgium U17
* FIFA U-17 World Cup third place: 2015
# U Kala

U Kala (Burmese: ဦးကုလား) was a Burmese historian and chronicler best known for compiling the Maha Yazawin (lit. 'Great Royal Chronicle'), the first extensive national chronicle of Burma. U Kala single-handedly revolutionized secular Burmese historiography and ushered in a new generation of private chroniclers, including Buddhist monks and laymen.
U Kala was a wealthy descendant of court and regional administrative officers from both sides of his family. His father, Dewa Setha, was a banker from Singaing, a village south of Inwa, and descended from regional administrative officers (myosas) of the crown. His mother, Mani Awga, of mixed Shan and Burman noble descent, came from a prominent family of courtier-administrators who served the Taungoo Dynasty since the mid-1500s.
In compiling the Maha Yazawin, U Kala likely had access to Toungoo court documents, including royal correspondence, parabaik, notebooks of daily court schedules prepared by astrologers and scribes, official records of military affairs, and royal genealogies. He supplemented his sources with private local chronicles, inscriptions, biographies, and religious histories held in monastic or royal collections at the royal capital.
# Sylvie Vartan (Ta sorcière bien-aimée)

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
Sylvie Vartan (commonly called Ta sorcière bien-aimée after the first track on side one) is the sixteenth studio album by French singer Sylvie Vartan. It was released on an LP in late 1976. It was arranged by Benoît Kaufman, Hervé Roy and Raymond Donnez.
# 278 Paulina

278 Paulina is a typical Main belt asteroid. It was discovered by Johann Palisa on 16 May 1888 in Vienna.
# Nakafurano, Hokkaido

Nakafurano (中富良野町, Nakafurano-chō) is a town located in Kamikawa Subprefecture, Hokkaido, Japan.
As of April 28, 2017, the town has an estimated population of 5,086 and a density of 47 persons per km$^2$. The total area is 108.70 km$^2$.

## Lavender farm

Furano is famous for its numerous fields of lavender.

## Culture
### Mascot

Nakafurano's mascot is the gentle, laid-back, unfussy and clean Lavender Fairy (ラベンダーの妖精, Rabendā no Yōsei) or Lavender-chan (ラベンダーちゃん, Rabendā-chan). She is a gardener who lives in the Furano Lavender Fields (which is also her workplace). She loves to travel to gardens around the world and likes purple and green flowers. Her clothes were made from recycled melon skins and her hat and apron is scented from lavender. She is unveiled on 7 July 1995.
# Hamsafar (film)

Hamsafar (Persian: همسفر; Persian pronunciation:) is a 1975 Iranian dramatic-romance film directed by Masoud Asadollah. It stars Behrouz Vossoughi, Googoosh, and Reza Karem Rezaei.

## Plot

A wealthy man who has a company deceives a naive girl Atefeh. The latter believing he wants to marry her goes to the north of Iran to find the wealthy man. Later, Atefeh's father gives Ali 70000 Tomans to get her daughter back home but romance blossoms between the two youngsters on their way back.

## Cast

* Behrouz Vossoughi as Ali
* Googoosh as Atefeh
* Reza Karam Rezaei as Uncle Rostam
* Asgar Samsar Zadah as Gholam Hossein
* Nematollah Gorji as Servant
* Hamideh Kheirabadi as Nadere
* Fahimeh Amouzandeh as Atefeh's sister
# European Board of Ophthalmology

The European Board of Ophthalmology (EBO) is the European professional association for ophthalmology.
Founded in London in 1992, it is a specialised agency of the European Union of Medical Specialists (UEMS). EBO aims to harmonise standards and improve the quality of ophthalmology training across Europe.

## Examinations

EBO awards the title Fellow of the European Board of Ophthalmology (FEBO) upon success in a specialist clinical examination. In some European countries this test replaces the national certification examination.
# Polac

Polac or (Serbian Cyrillic: Пољанце; sometimes transliterated as Poljance) is a village in Kosovo. The village is exclusively inhabited by ethnic Albanians; in the 2011 census, it had 2701 inhabitants.

## Geography

It lies in the Drenica region, at the source of the Vrbica river, a left confluence of the Drenica river. It lies on both sides of the regional Skenderaj-Glogavac road, 4–7 km southeast of Skenderaj. It is 640–680 m over sea level. The rural settlement lies on a cadastral area with the a total of 2195 hectares (K.O. Staro Poljance 694, K.O. Novo Poljance 767, K.O. Kraljica 734 ha).
Poljance includes two major physiognomic parts: Staro Poljance (Džamijska, Gruda, Koca, Veljić and Zonić Mahala) and Novo Poljance, of which the latter was administratively joined into the present settlement in 1975. Novo Poljance was an independent village before, situated to the east, established after World War I, with Serb and Montenegrin settlers from the vicinity of Danilovgrad, Nikšić, Mrkonjić Grad, Bosanska Krupa, among others.

## History
### Middle Ages

The 1330 Dečani chrysobulls of Serbian King Stephen Uroš III (r. 1322–1331) mention the great village of "Strelac", and several surrounding villages: Čigotovo (Čikatovo), Vrbovec, Poljance, Glabotino and Kudrino (Kudrin). Toponomastic study shows that Poljance bordered Strelac on the northeast.

### World War II

6 soldiers, hailing from Poljance, of the "Boro Bukmirović" and "Razim Sadiku" battalions of the First Macedonian-Kosovan National liberation Brigade (Yugoslav Partisans) fell in January and February 1945.

### Kosovo War

According to the Serbian newspaper Pravda in January in February 1997, Jonuz Veliqi, an Albanian official working for the state structures of the Republic of Serbia, was nearly killed by during attacks of the Albanian paramilitaries. On August 3, 1998, a civilian worker for the Serbian Interior Ministry was wounded by an automatic weapon. Poljance was in the hands of the Kosovo Liberation Army until March 22, 1999, when Serbian police forces launched an offensive into Drenica. After March 23, 1999, several abducted ethnic Serbs were held prisoners in an old mine near a brick factory in Poljance by Albanians.

## Demographics

Demographic history :
| Ethnic group | 1948 | 1953 | 1961 | 1971 | 1981 | 1991 | 2011 |
| Albanians | | | | | 2358 | | 2695 |
| Total | 1077 | 1304 | 1408 | 1675 | 2358 | 2827 | 2701 |
# Salvemini

Salvemini (pronounced) is an Italian surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Carlo Salvemini (born 1966), Italian politician, mayor of Lecce
* Dan Salvemini (born 1957), former U.S. soccer player
* Francesco Salvemini (born 1996), Italian football player
* Gaetano Salvemini (1873–1957), Italian politician, historian and writer
* Gaetano Salvemini (football manager) (1942–2024), Italian football player and manager
* Giovanni Salvemini (1708–1791), Italian mathematician
** Frederick Salvemini de Castillon (1747–1814), Swiss-born music theorist, son of Giovanni
* Len Salvemini (born 1953), retired American soccer player
* Michele Salvemini (born 1973), Italian rapper, better known as Caparezza
* Stefania Salvemini (born 1966), Italian basketball player
* Victor Salvemini (1946–2020), Australian Paralympic athlete
# Nikolay Afanasyev (composer)

Nikolay Yakovlevich Afanasyev (Russian: Никола́й Я́ковлевич Афана́сьев; 12 January 1821 [O.S. 31 December 1820] – 3 June [O.S. 22 May] 1898) was an Imperial Russian violin virtuoso and composer. His memoirs 'Vospominaniya' ('Reminiscences') appeared in 1890, and recorded his experiences as a touring musician, as part of a panorama of Russian musical life during the mid 19th century. He became an honorary member of the Russian Musical Society in 1896.

## Biography

Afanasyev was born in Tobolsk in 1821. He obtained his musical education from his father, the violinist Yakov Ivanovich Afanasyev, an illegitimate son of Prince Ivan Dolgorukov. In 1838, two years after his debut as a violinist in Moscow, he was appointed concertmaster of the Bolshoi Theatre Orchestra. However, he resigned in 1841 to conduct the serf orchestra of a wealthy landowner at Vïksa, near Saint Petersburg. In 1846, Afanasyev left to embark on a concert tour of Russia, and eventually settled in Saint Petersburg in 1851, where he continued to perform as a soloist and as the concertmaster (sometimes conductor) of the Italian Opera. He quit orchestral work to begin teaching piano in 1853 at the Smolny Institute, before touring Western Europe with moderate success in 1857.
After returning to Russia, Afanasyev chose to commit himself to composition, and reached his finest in his small-scale works, which tended to suffer far less from the inconsistencies in technical skill that stemmed from his informal training. He won particular acclaim for works which were inspired by the melodies and rhythms of Russian folk music, an abiding interest of his which led to the publication of his popular anthology (1866) of folksongs arranged for four-part choir. Afanasyev's chamber music, most notably the string quartet Volga (c. 1860) which won a prize from the Russian Musical Society in 1861, also enjoyed similar acclaim. Volga was the first string quartet written by a native Russian composer.
In contrast, his operas had far less enthusiastic receptions. Although the Mariinsky Theatre staged Ammalat-bek in 1870, it has not been performed anywhere since; Sten'ka Razin failed to pass state censorship, while Vakula-kuznets was never performed. The manuscripts of several further operas and orchestral works remain unpublished.
He died in Saint Petersburg in 1898, aged 77.
# Stepan Degtyarev

Stepan Anikiyevich Degtyarev (Степан Аникиевич Дегтярёв) (1766 – 5 May 1813), was a Russian composer of the late 18th century. He was most famous for his nationalistic Russian Choral Music.
His oratorio Minin and Pozharsky - or the Liberation of Moscow (1811) concerned the 1612 liberation of Moscow from Polish occupation during the Time of Troubles interregnum by the Second Zemschina Army led by Kuzma Minin-Sukhoruk, a fishmonger, and Prince Dmitry Pozharsky.

## Works, editions and recordings

Works
* Oratorio Minin and Pozharsky - or the Liberation of Moscow «Минин и Пожарский, или освобождение Москвы» 1811
Recordings
* Minin and Pozharsky - or the Liberation of Moscow, Conductor Sergei Skripka, The Moscow Philharmonic Orchestra, Melodiya 1990 (2CD)
# Martha von Sabinin

Martha von Sabinin (30 May 1831 – 1892) was a Russian composer and pianist.

## Biography

Marfa Stepanovna Sabinina was the daughter of the Russian archpriest Stefan Sabinin [de] in Weimar in Saxony. She studied music with Georg and Clara Schumann, Peter Cornelius, and Franz Liszt, and worked as a music teacher at Weimar from 1854 to 1860. She received an appointment as court music teacher to the children of Tsar Alexander II in St. Petersburg, where she served from 1855 to 1881.
Von Sabinin worked at a hospital from 1876 to 1878 during the Russo-Turkish War and afterward entered a nunnery of the Tsarist Sisters of the Annunciation. She became an abbess, founded hospitals herself, and died in 1892 in the Crimea.

## Works

Selected works include:
* Das Fischermädchen, op. 1 (Acht Lieder) no. 6 (Text: Heinrich Heine)
* Das ist ein Brausen und Heulen, op. 1 (Acht Lieder) no. 7 (Text: Heinrich Heine)
* Ich hab' dich geliebt und liebe dich noch, op. 1 (Acht Lieder) no. 8 (Text: Heinrich Heine)
* An den heiligen Franziskus von Paula choral work, libretto, music by Franz Liszt
# Choranthias salmopunctatus

Choranthias salmopunctatus, the salmon-spotted jewelfish, is a species of marine ray-finned fish in the family Anthiadidae. It is endemic to Brazil where a small population has been spotted near St. Peter and St. Paul's archipelago. Upon resurfacing after a 30-year disappearance, this population can now be found aggregating in relatively small groups.
# Hemanthias

Hemanthias is a genus of colourful marine ray-finned fish in the family Anthiadidae. They are found at rocky reefs at depths of 20–610 m (66–2,001 ft) in the tropical and subtropical East Pacific and West Atlantic.
They are red, pink and yellow, and reach 25–50 cm (9.8–19.7 in) in length depending on the species.

## Species

Based on FishBase, the following species are included in Hemanthias:
* Hemanthias leptus (Longley, 1935) (Longtail bass) - West Atlantic
* Hemanthias peruanus (Steindachner, 1875) (Splittail bass) – East Pacific
* Hemanthias signifer (Garman, 1899) (Damsel bass)– East Pacific
# Plectranthias vexillarius

Plectranthias vexillarius is a species of fish in the family Serranidae occurring in the western Indian Ocean.

## Size

This species reaches a length of 8.2 cm (3.2 in).
# Obaapa Christy

Obaapa Christy (née Christiana Twene) formerly Christiana Love is a Ghanaian Gospel musician. The Meti Ase hit singer was recipient of Gospel Artist of the Year and Song of the Year Awards during the 2007 edition of Ghana Music Awards. In 2008, she was conferred with a National honor by John Kufuor.

## Early life

She was born on December 7 at New Suame (Kumasi )in the Ashanti Region of Ghana, to Mr Akwesi Twene and Mary Amoah Twene. She is the second born in a family of 9 siblings. She started singing at a very tender age. Obaapa Christy started music with “The Hallelujah Voices”, a vibrant music group in Kumasi until she was approached by Osuani Afrifa, a famous Gospel Musician. She released her first album in 2002 titled “Me Te Ase”.

## Career

She is a ghanaian gospel singer. Known as the queen of Ghana Gospel Music and the inventor of Contemporary Gospel music. Obaapa Christy has served as a role model to most Gospel musicians. Her style and ministration has been copied by lots of musicians who see her as an inspiration. Seventeen years down the lane, she has released eleven back to back inspirational albums with Wagye me as the latest. a song titled, The Glory in 2021.

## Awards and nominations
### Vodafone Ghana Music Awards

| Year | Nominee / work | Award | Result |
| 2007 | Herself | Best female vocal performance | Won |
| 2007 | Herself | Gospel Artist of the Year | Won |
| 2007 | 'Ade Akye Abia' Kwaku Gyasi featuring Christiana Love | Best Collaboration of the Year | Won |