OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Ceridian-UCLA Pulse of Commerce Index

The Ceridian-UCLA Pulse of Commerce Index (PCI) is based on real-time diesel fuel consumption data for over-the-road trucking and serves as an indicator of the state and possible future direction of the U.S. economy. By tracking the volume and location of fuel being purchased, the index closely monitors the over-the-road movement of raw materials, goods-in-process, and finished goods to U.S. factories, retailers, and consumers.
Working with economists at UCLA Anderson School of Management and Charles River Associates, Ceridian provides the index monthly and also offers companies access to more detailed fuel-use information.
(Appears to be discontinued as of June 2012)

## Compiling and analyzing the data

Through Ceridian’s electronic card payment services for the transportation industry, diesel sales for freight haulage can be tracked and analyzed on a yearly, monthly, weekly and daily basis. Millions of these fuel transactions are processed each year, and the data provides evidence about the status and direction of the U.S. economy.
Each time a road truck makes a diesel fuel purchase using a Ceridian card, Ceridian's database captures the location and number of gallons pumped into the tank. The data is then analyzed to provide a detailed picture of road trucking activity along U.S. interstates and at cities, shipping ports, manufacturing centers, and border crossings with Canada and Mexico.

## Pulse of Commerce Index and the broader economy

Unlike other economic indicators that rely on surveys or have a lag, the PCI uses real-time consumption data, offering insights into the economy before the monthly Industrial Production number is released.
"This is the first source of data on diesel sales in almost real time. Diesel in the USA is the fuel used almost exclusively to move goods and materials. If there is an increase in diesel sales – it is pretty good evidence the economy is improving."
As the index changes, it offers real comparisons to past performance that captures a solid picture of what has happened, while showing the direction of the overall U.S. economy. This insight is invaluable to businesses, manufacturers, retailers and municipalities as they determine business strategy, plan for growth, or prepare for and manage a downturn.
"Back-testing of the data to 1999 shows the index closely matches growth in real gross domestic product and changes in the Federal Reserve's industrial production data.
"The index's main advantage over other data is its timeliness. The index is scheduled for release at 8:00 a.m. (ET) on the 10th day of each month--about four or five days before the Fed's industrial report. Because Ceridian can access all fuel purchases in real time, the index won't be subject to revisions."

## History

The first PCI was issued on February 10, 2010, and covers data for January 2010. Each monthly report includes historical information for preceding months and years. The PCI is distributed on or near the 10th of every month. Deeper historical data and customized reports are also available.
# Cheng Wei

Cheng Wei (simplified Chinese: 程维; traditional Chinese: 程維; pinyin: Chéng Wéi; born 19 May 1983) is a Chinese billionaire businessman. He is the founder, chairman and CEO of DiDi, a Chinese mobile transportation platform with global operations. In 2012, after eight years at Alibaba Group's regional and Alipay's operations, Cheng founded Beijing Xiaoju Technology Co Ltd in Zhongguancun.

## Biography

Cheng was born in 1983 in Jiangxi, China. He received a bachelor's degree in administration from Beijing University of Chemical Technology.
After graduation, Cheng served as an assistant to a chairman at a foot massage company. About one year later, Cheng applied to join Alibaba as a sales person for its business-to-business e-commerce service in 2005.
For six years at Alibaba, Cheng served as a sales manager for the northern region of China. He later moved to China's largest third-party online payment platform, Alipay, where he was soon promoted to the position of regional manager.
In 2012, Cheng left Alibaba to found Beijing Xiaoju Technology Co and launch Didi Dache—translated to "Beep Beep Call a Taxi"—as the initial incarnation of his ride-hailing service.
In 2014, Cheng hired Jean Liu (Liu Qing), a former Goldman Sachs Asia managing director, as the COO of the company.
In February 2015, the company merged with its rival Kuaidi Dache and was renamed Didi Kuaidi (later renamed Didi Chuxing or “DiDi”).
In August 2016, DiDi acquired all assets of the Chinese division of Uber.
Since the company was founded in 2012, under the leadership of Cheng Wei and Jean Liu, DiDi has grown to become one of the world’s highest valued tech start-ups.

## Other activities

In September 2015, Cheng was selected as a co-chair of the Summer Davos in Asia: Annual Meeting of the New Champions 2015.

## Published work

* DiDi: The Sharing Economy is Changing China co-authored by Jean Liu and Zhang Xiaofeng, ed. Posts & Telecom Press, June 2016.

## Prizes

* 2019: Fortune China’s list of 50 Most Influential Business Leaders
* 2018: 50 Most influential business leaders in China by Forbes China
* 2017: 50 Most Influential Business Leaders by Fortune China
* 2017: Global Game Changers by Forbes
* 2017: 20 Most Influential People in Tech list by the Time magazine
* 2016: Businessperson of the Year by Fortune magazine and Forbes Asia's Businessman of the Year
* 2016: Wired 100 List.
* 2015: "Top 10 Economic Influencers of China" by Sina.com.
* 2015: "40 under 40" list by Fortune magazine.
# Cherax snowden

Cherax snowden is a species of crayfish from West Papua in Indonesia (Oinsok River Drainage, Sawiat District, Chendravasikh and Kepala Burung Peninsulas). In the wild, they live in freshwater river tributaries. It is popular as a freshwater aquarium pet across Asia, Europe, and North America because of its orange-tipped claws. Specimens were previously misidentified as members of Cherax holthuisi, also from West Papua.
Adult body length is 10 cm (3.9 in) for males and 7 cm (2.8 in) for females. Different shades of green (brownish green and bluish green) is the predominant body color throughout their lives, their claw tips are orange. The first samples became known in the West in 2006 by means of internet pet shops. By the time it was examined by professional zoologists in 2015, Cherax snowden, a new species of crayfish (Crustacea, Decapoda, Parastacidae) from the Kepala Burung (Vogelkop) Peninsula in Irian Jaya (West Papua, Indonesia) was already popular as a pet in Europe, East Asia and America under the name "orange tip". The scientific species description was published by German zoologists from the Institute for Environmental Sciences University of Koblenz and Landau. The species was named after Edward Snowden to honor his contribution to the freedom of speech.
# Yagub Mammadov (politician)

Yagub Javad oghlu Mammadov (Azerbaijani: Јагуб Ҹавад оғлу Мәммәдов, romanized: Yaqub Cavad oğlu Məmmədov; born 3 March 1941), commonly known as Yagub (also Jacob in English) Mammadov (Azerbaijani: Yaqub Məmmədov), was the acting President of Azerbaijan from 6 March to 14 May and from 18 to 19 May 1992. Mammadov is currently an opposition politician, professor and scientist.

## Early life

Mammadov was born on 3 March 1941 in Əliismayıllı village of Gadabay District. He graduated from the pediatrics faculty of Azerbaijan Medical University. Mammadov is a professor at Azerbaijan Medical University, delivering lectures on pathophysiology since 1966. His scientific researches include but are not limited to a study of fundamental problems of lymphology. Mammadov has 370 scientific publications.

## Political career

In the midst of political turmoil in Azerbaijan, Yaqub Mammadov, then the rector of Azerbaijan Medical University, was elected the Chairman of Supreme Soviet of Azerbaijan on 5 March during the extraordinary session of the parliament related to the Khojaly massacre of Azerbaijani civilians in Nagorno-Karabakh region of Azerbaijan after the speaker of the parliament, Elmira Gafarova resigned from her post. On 6 March, President Ayaz Mutallibov was forced to resign and according to the Azerbaijani constitution of the period, speaker of the parliament, Yagub Mammadov assumed the presidential duties and responsibilities until the new elections. While acting as the President of Azerbaijan, Mammadov met with Levon Ter-Petrosyan in Tehran in an effort to start peace talks mediated by Iran. On 8 May, when the Tehran Communiqué between Ter-Petrosian and Mammadov was signed, Armenian forces captured Shusha. In his interviews, Mammadov always refused to assume any responsibility for the loss of Shusha.
On 14 May, the former President Mutalibov returned to power after the parliament relieved him off the responsibility for the Khojaly Massacre, but was ousted by the armed revolt led by Azerbaijan Popular Front on 15 May. Yaqub Mammadov resigned as Speaker of the Parliament on 18 May 1992 and was then replaced by Isa Gambar.
# Chicktionary

Chicktionary is a word game available on the Microsoft Internet search page. Chicktionary was developed by Blockdot, a Dallas, Texas based developer of games and branded entertainment applications. The game was originally developed as "Fowl Words" but later changed after it was concluded that the play on words "fowl" would be confused with "foul" and alienate potential players.
The game is a variation on the game of Anagrams. It features an egg rack, replete with three-letter, four-letter, five-letter, six-letter and seven-letter sequences of eggs. Seven chickens appear at the bottom, each bearing a letter. When the player clicks on a hen, its letter is dropped into a box. Clicking on three or more hens in sequence can create a word. If it is a valid word, a sequence of eggs of the appropriate length will be filled up with the word.
The goal is to fill the quotas of 11 three-letter words, 10 four-letter words, 10 five-letter words, 3 six-letter words and 1 seven letter-word. Players get 20 points for finishing a round by filling up all the sequences of eggs. There are two modes of game time and infinitude. The timed version allows players to form words within two minutes per round and there is no limit in the other mode.
Points are redeemable for real prizes—20,000 points in Chicktionary could be redeemed for a copy of Windows Vista Home Premium.
Fox News reported that the popularity of this search engine vis-à-vis Google and Yahoo increased due to the introduction of this game. Microsoft's share of the search market increased by 13.2% in June 2007.
A problem that has arisen with this game is the creation of bots to play and win these games and gain prizes for human bot programmers. Microsoft, however, says it detects and catches bots and nullifies their points and winnings.
Chicktionary was released on the iPhone in November 2008. It was released on Android phones in August 2009. The play for redeemable points program was terminated in 2012.e 2007. A new version of game, Chicktionary Coop, was released in November 2012.
It was originally created by Dan Ferguson https://danferguson.com and Mike Bielinski. Both Dan and Mike were two of the original founders of Blockdot.
# Chiyoda, Ibaraki

Chiyoda (千代田町, Chiyoda-machi) was a town located in Niihari District, Ibaraki Prefecture, Japan.
As of 2003, the town had an estimated population of 26,943 and a population density of 555.53 persons per km$^2$. The total area was 48.50 km$^2$.
On March 28, 2005, Chiyoda, along with the old town of Kasumigaura (also from Niihari District), was merged to create the city of Kasumigaura and no longer exists as an independent municipality.
# Edgar Taylor (aviator)

Edgar Taylor (9 January 1897 – 24 August 1918) was an American pursuit pilot and a flying ace in World War I.
He died near Cul de Sac Ferme France in combat on 24 August 1918

## Biography

Born in Central Falls, Rhode Island, Taylor went to Canada and joined the Royal Air Force in 1917. After pilot training near Toronto, he was deployed to France and was assigned to No. 79 Squadron, equipped with Dopwith F1 Dolphin fighters, joining the unit on 24 April 1918. After shooting down one enemy aircraft, he went on to destroy four enemy observation balloons in nine days, however was brought down by ground fire when attacking a balloon on 24 August.
# Charleston, Utah

Charleston is a town in Wasatch County, Utah, United States. The population was 436 at the 2020 census.
The community was named after Charles Shelton, a first settler.

## Geography

According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 1.9 square miles (4.9 km$^2$), of which 1.7 square miles (4.4 km$^2$) is land, and 0.2 square miles (0.52 km$^2$), or 10.16%, is water.

## History

In 1858, trapper Aaron Daniels moved to a place on the Provo River just north of where Charleston is today.
The first farmers put in crops at Charleston in 1859, and the first houses were built by George Noakes and William Manning late that year near Noakes springs. Manning and George Noakes were the only residents until 1863 when a few others moved in. In 1866, there were about a dozen families, and after that, the population began to grow even faster.
Noakes was the first Presiding elder in Charleston. Until 1877, the branch was part of the Heber Ward. The Charleston Ward was formed in July 1877, with Nymphus C. Murdock as bishop. The ward had 397 members in 1930, with 467 people living within the ward boundaries.

## Demographics

As of the census of 2000, there were 378 people, 120 households, and 101 families residing in the town. The population density was 225.5 people per square mile (87.1/km$^2$). There were 131 housing units at an average density of 78.2 per square mile (30.2/km$^2$). The racial makeup of the town was 97.88% White, 0.26% African American, and 1.85% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 5.03% of the population.
There were 120 households, out of which 48.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 75.0% were married couples living together, 7.5% had a female householder with no husband present, and 15.8% were non-families. Of all households 12.5% were made up of individuals, and 4.2% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 3.15 and the average family size was 3.49.
In the town, the population was spread out, with 33.9% under the age of 18, 7.7% from 18 to 24, 23.5% from 25 to 44, 24.1% from 45 to 64, and 10.8% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 37 years. For every 100 females, there were 98.9 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 96.9 males.
The median income for a household in the town was $42,813, and the median income for a family was $44,063. Males had a median income of $40,125 versus $24,167 for females. The per capita income for the town was $21,836. About 2.2% of families and 3.1% of the population were below the poverty line, including 4.2% of those under age 18 and 3.6% of those age 65 or over.
# Kachuai Union

Kachuai (Bengali: কচুয়াই) is a union council of Patiya Upaila, Chittagong District, Chittagong Division, Bangladesh. It shares a border with Patiya Municipality and Haidgaon Union in its north, Dhopachhari Union in its east, Kanchanabad Union and Kharana Union in its south, as well as Chhanhara Union and Bhatikhain Union in its west. In the year 2011, the union has a total population of 24,344.

## Demographics

According to the 2011 Census of Bangladesh, Kachuai Union has a population of 24,344, of which 12,216 are male and 12,128 are female. There are 4,704 households within the union. The overall literacy rate is 52.9%, with 54.1% of the male population being literate and 51.7% of the female being literate.

## Government

Kachuai is the 16th union council under Patiya Upazila. The administrative activities of Kachuai Union are under the supervision of Patiya Thana. In addition, it is within the Chittagong-12 Constituency No. 289 of Jatiya Sangsad.

## Administrative structure

In 2011 six villages were under the union, all of them listed as follows:
| Village | Population (2011) |
| Azimpur | 5,198 |
| Kachuai | 9,523 |
| Katha | 3,382 |
| Lot 75 Sreemai | 155 |
| Parigram | 2,298 |
| Sreemai | 3,788 |

## Places of interest

Attractions in Kachuai Union includes:
* Kachuai Kala Mosque
* Hatiyardeva Hills

## Education

As of 2011 there were 2 high schools and 8 public primary schools within the union. As for the religious schools, there are 3 senior madrasas and 16 forkaniya madrasas.
# Regener-Tonne

The Regener barrel (German: Regener-Tonne) was the name of a scientific payload for the World War II V-2 rocket.
Mid-1942 plans for subsequent launches to study upper-atmospheric guidance and science were not carried out due to the need for test launches and the eventual advance of the Russian armies.
The first meeting was held on July 8, 1942, at the Peenemünde Army Research Station under the direction of Wernher von Braun with the participation of Erich Regener, Ernst Steinhoff, Gerhard Reisig, Helmut Gröttrup, Alfred Ehmert, and Erwin Schopper, among others. Wernher von Braun also tried to win Manfred von Ardenne for cooperation, but he declined.
Instrumentation had been contracted on July 11, 1942; and the Research Foundation for the Physics of the Stratosphere was to develop the "Regener barrel" with a quartz barograph, a recording thermometer, an ultraviolet spectrograph, and an air sampler.
By January 18, 1945, rumors of nearby Soviet tanks resulted in Erich Regener's organization being sent from Peenemünde before the A-4 instrument package had been finished. The Regener-Tonne parachute was tested at Test Stand VII of the Peenemünde Army Research Center and a mock-up was launched in January 1945.
# MOG Music

Nana Yaw Boakye better known by his stage name MOG Music is a Ghanaian contemporary gospel singer, songwriter and a Pastor. He was born on May 14. He won the Male Vocalist of the Year 2020 and 2021 at the Vodafone Ghana Music Awards.

## Music career

MOG Music released his debut album "New Wine" in 2016 which earned him African Gospel Music awards nominations for "Album of the Year" and "Discovery of the Year". He released a single "Making it Big" featuring Sarkodie.
He has collaborated and performed with numerous gospel musicians, including Ohemaa Mercy, Joe Mettle, Denzel Prempeh, Jekalyn Carr, Danny Nettey, Nii Okai, Ron Kenoly.

## Discography
### Live albums

* New Wine (2016)
* Better Me (2018)
Selected singles
* Be Lifted
* Elohim
* Fakye
* Making It big
* Living God

## Awards and nomination

| Year | Event | Award | Nominated Work | Result |
| 2021 | Vodafone Ghana Music Awards | Male Vocalist of the Year | Himself | Won |
| 2020 | Vodafone Ghana Music Awards | Male Vocalist of the Year | Himself | Won |
| 2019 | African Gospel Music Awards | Outstanding male minister of the year | Himself | Nominated |
| 2019 | African Gospel Music Awards | Outstanding Collaboration Song | Himself | Nominated |
| 2019 | Contemporary Gospel Music awards | Worship Song of the Year | Himself | Won |
| 2023 | Vodafone Ghana Music Awards | Gospel Artist of the Year | Himself | Nominated |
# Panagiotis Papadopoulos

Panagiotis Papadopoulos (born May 23, 1985, in Thessaloniki, Greece) is a Greek wrestler who specializes in Greco-Roman wrestling. He was a competed at the 2008 Summer Olympics in the super-heavyweight division, losing in his opening bout to Liu Deli from China.
# Encrasicholina

Encrasicholina is a genus of ray-finned fish in the family Engraulidae. They are widespread in the Indo-Pacific.

## Species

There are currently 11 recognized species in this genus:
* Encrasicholina auster Hata & Motomura, 2017 (Fiji anchovy)
* Encrasicholina gloria Hata & Motomura, 2016 (Red Sea anchovy)
* Encrasicholina heteroloba (Rüppell, 1837) (Devis' anchovy)
* Encrasicholina integra Hata & Motomura, 2020 (Papuan anchovy)
* Encrasicholina intermedia Hata & Motomura, 2016 (Shiner anchovy)
* Encrasicholina macrocephala Hata & Motomura, 2015 (Largehead anchovy)
* Encrasicholina oligobranchus (Wongratana, 1983) (Philippine anchovy)
* Encrasicholina pseudoheteroloba (Hardenberg, 1933) (Short-head anchovy)
* Encrasicholina punctifer Fowler, 1938 (Buccaneer anchovy)
* Encrasicholina purpurea (Fowler, 1900) (Hawaiian anchovy)
* Encrasicholina sigma Hata & Motomura, 2020 (Makassar anchovy)
# Łagów, Masovian Voivodeship

Łagów is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Przyłęk, within Zwoleń County, Masovian Voivodeship, in east-central Poland. It lies approximately 4 kilometres (2 mi) north of Przyłęk, 13 km (8 mi) east of Zwoleń, and 109 km (68 mi) south-east of Warsaw.
# Lists of sportspeople

There are a variety of articles listing sportspeople of a particular sport.
* Archers
* Baseball players (Major League Baseball)
* Basketball players
** Basketball players (Men's National Basketball Association)
** Basketball players (Women's National Basketball Association)
* Beach volleyball players
* Bellator MMA fighters
* Boxers
** Female boxers
** Male boxers
* Bullfighters
* Cricketers
** Oldest cricketers
* Curlers
* Cyclists
* Dancers
* Divers
* Disc golf
* Fencers
* Figure skaters
* Football games
** American football players
** Association football players
** Gaelic footballers
** List of lists of Pro Bowl players
* Golfers
** Female golfers
** Male golfers
* Grand Prix motorcycle racers
* Gymnasts
* Heptathletes
* Ice hockey players (National Hockey League)
* Jockeys
* Kickboxers
** Female kickboxers
** Male kickboxers
* Judoka
* Marathon runners
* Martial artists
* Mixed martial arts
** Female mixed martial artists
** Male mixed martial artists
* Motocross riders
* Orienteers
* Polo players
* Pro skaters
* Race walkers
* Roller skaters
* Rowers
* Rugby union players
* Skiers
* Speed skaters
* Sporting knights and dames
* Sprinters
* Squash players
* Surfers
* Swimmers
* Synchronised swimmers
* Table tennis players
* Track and field athletes
** Hammer throwers
** Javelin throwers
** Male hurdlers
** Marathoners
** Long-distance runners
** Middle-distance runners
** Sprinters
* Racing drivers
* Triathletes
* Tennis players
** Female tennis players
** Male singles tennis players
** Male doubles tennis players
* UFC fighters
* Ultimate disc players
* Volleyball players
* Water polo players
* Wrestlers
** Amateur wrestlers
** Professional wrestlers
# VBA

VBA may refer to:

## Computing

* Visual Basic for Applications, the application edition of Microsoft's Visual Basic programming language
* VisualBoyAdvance, an emulator for the Nintendo Game Boy Advance handheld video game system

## Organizations

* Vanchit Bahujan Aghadi, an Indian political party
* Veterans Benefits Administration, an organizational element of the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs
* Veterans Benevolent Association, an early gay-interest organization founded by World War II veterans
* Vietnam Basketball Association, a professional men's basketball league in Vietnam
* Virginia Bar Association, a US voluntary organization of Virginia lawyers
* Vojnobezbednosna agencija, the Military Security Agency of Serbia
# Talang-e Saratak

Talang-e Saratak (Persian: تلنگ سراتك) is a village in, and the capital of, Talang Rural District of Kariyan District, Minab County, Hormozgan province, Iran. Talang is a non-seasonal fruit and has predominantly contributed to the production of vegetables.

## Demographics
### Population

At the time of the 2006 National Census, the village's population was 602 in 127 households, when it was in Kariyan Rural District of the Central District. The following census in 2011 counted 659 people in 164 households. The 2016 census measured the population of the village as 732 people in 191 households.
After the census, the rural district was separated from the district in the formation of Kariyan District. Talang-e Saratak was transferred to Talang Rural District created in the district.
# Mann Formation

The Mann Formation is a geologic formation in Quebec. It preserves fossils dating back to the Silurian period.