OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Igoeti

Igoeti or Igoet'i (In Georgian: იგოეთი) is a village in Georgia in the region of Shida Kartli. It housed 559 people in 2014 and has one river running through it.

## History

Igoeti was founded in the twelfth (XII) century. Igoeti is near the Mtkvari River (sometimes called the Kura) which has sustained the people near Igoeti and beyond for over 7,000 years. Running through Igoeti also is the Lekhura river. Several species in the Paeonia genus have been recorded in Igoeti. Then, during the Russo-Georgian war, Russian troops stopped in Igoeti on 15 August, the closest they had gotten to Tbilisi, before a ceasefire agreement was signed.

## Demographics

Igoeti's population as of 2014 was 559. From 2002 to 2014 there was a -1.6% population decline. 51.2% of Igoeti's population is female and 48.8% of Igoeti's population is male.

### Ethnic groups

97.8% of Igoeti, or 542 people, are Georgians. 3 people, or 0.5% of the population in Igoeti are Armenians. The remaining 9 people or 1.6% of Igoeti's population have another ethnicity.

### Language

Georgian is spoken in Igoeti. Georgian is the official language in Georgia, where Igoeti is located. The Georgian Lari is used in Igoeti.

### Elevation

Igoeti's elevation is 651 metres (712 yd).

## Important sites

Sites :
* Site
* Monument to the Defenders of the Fortress
* Samtavisi Cathedral
* Shio-Mgvime Monastery
* Stalin Museum
* Cathedral of the Nativity of the Blessed Virgin
* Grakliani Hill
The school in Igoeti is the Igoeti Public School. Winemaking is also very popular in Igoeti. There also is a grocery store named მარკეტი (translates in English to Market). Also, there is a spice shop named Spice Igoeti and a police station. It is called the "Igoeti Police Station" (იგოეთის პოლიციის დანაყოფი). Local tradition says that you must throw coins out to the church in Igoeti while passing it in the car to travel the route safely.

## Location

Igoeti is located in Shida Kartli, which is situated in Eastern Georgia and is also in the South Caucasus region. It is located in Eurasia. Igoeti is settled on the Eurasian plate. It is near the E60 in Georgia and Europe and running through Igoeti is the Igoeti-Kaspi-Akhalkalaki Road. Igoeti is near the city of Kaspi (კასპი) and is around 9 kilometres (5.6 mi) away. It is around 53 kilometres (33 mi) away from Georgia's capital and largest city, Tbilisi (თბილისი). Igoeti is nearest to the Black Sea. Igoeti's Postal Code is 2609 and its telephone code is +995. It is on Georgia Standard Time.

### Nearby airports

Nearby airports in kilometres and miles :
| Name of airport | Number of kilometres away | Number of miles away | Location (Country) |
| Tbilisi International Airport | 57 | 35 | Georgia |
| Vladikavkaz (Or Beslan Airport) | 137 | 85 | Russia |
| David the Builder Kutaisi International Airport | 161 | 100 | Georgia |
| Nalchik Airport | 181 | 112.46 | Russia |
| Zvartnots International Airport | 205 | 127 | Armenia |
# Stephanie Ovadia

Stephanie G. Ovadia is a New York State attorney and a radio show host.

## Education

Stephanie Ovadia received a B.A. in Political Science from Binghamton University in 1980. She obtained a paralegal program certificate from Adelphi University in 1981. In 1984, she received her J.D. from the Southwestern University School of Law.

## Career

Ovadia started practising after law school. In 1993, she founded the Law Office of Stephanie G. Ovadia, where she is currently practising as a licensed New York State attorney. Her law office is located in South Hempstead in New York, previously located in East Meadow.

## Radio Show

Ovadia hosts her own radio show, the Stephanie O Show, on 103.9 FM, LI News Radio in the New York area. She is the co-host of this show with Adriane Schwartz. The celebrity news and talk radio show broadcast live on Wednesday from 10 pm to 11 pm and replayed every Sunday from 5 pm to 6 pm.

## In Media

Ovadia has appeared as a legal commentator on FOX 5. She has been in several print publications including the New York Times, TMZ, Newsday, CNBC, the New York Post, and NY Daily News.
# Wendy Petrie

Wendy Petrie (born August 1971) is a New Zealand journalist and television presenter, best known for presenting 1 News at Six alongside Simon Dallow, a role she held for fourteen years from 2006 to 2020.

## Career

Petrie began her journalism career in radio, as a writer for Independent Radio News bulletins. She later joined TV3, where she worked variously as a reporter, news anchor and weather presenter on 3 News, as well as being a regular fill-in host on late night news programme Nightline.
Petrie moved to Canada in 2001, becoming a newsreader for CTV NewsNet and a substitute newsreader on the CTV morning programme Canada AM. During her time in Canada, she reported on the September 11 attacks for 3 News.
In late 2003, Petrie returned to New Zealand and joined TVNZ, initially as a fill-in presenter across all One News bulletins. She was on air when the Boxing Day tsunami took place, as well as during the 2005 London bombings; for this, as well as her earlier reports on the September 11 attacks, she was jokingly dubbed a 'disaster magnet' by former boss Bill Ralston.
In 2006, Petrie became co-anchor of the 6pm edition of One News alongside Simon Dallow; she replaced Judy Bailey as the primary female anchor, who had held the position for 18 years.
In mid-July 2020, it was reported that Petrie would be stepping down as co-anchor for One News in early August 2020 as a result of a job restructuring caused by the COVID-19 pandemic in New Zealand. On 14 August, it was reported that TVNZ had delayed Petrie's departure at the last minute and that she would continue to present 1 News at Six evening bulletins during Auckland's Alert level 3 lockdown. On 30 August, Petrie read her final news bulletin as the primary female anchor of 1 News at Six and signed off thanking viewers for having her for the last fourteen years.
In November 2020 she was named one of the best dressed women on David Hartnell MNZM's Best Dressed List.

## Personal life

Petrie is married to television producer Ross Peebles. They have three children.
# Foel Formation

The Foel Formation is a geologic formation in Wales. It preserves fossils dating back to the Carboniferous period.
# Chacomurus

Chacomurus is a genus of trilobites in the order Phacopida that existed during the lower Devonian in what is now Bolivia. It was described by Branisa and Vanek in 1973, and the type species is Chacomurus confragosus. It was described from the Belén Formation.
# Shamkirchay reservoir

Shamkirchay reservoir(Azerbaijani: Şəmkirçay su anbarı) is an artificial reservoir in the Shamkir district of Azerbaijan. It is located on the slope of the Lesser Caucasus on the Shamkirchay river. The volume of the reservoir is 164.5 million m$^3$ (according to other sources - 164 million m$^3$). Useful volume considered - 156.3 million m$^3$.
The reservoir was commissioned in 2014. It is used for the irrigation of 70 thousand hectares of agricultural land, and also serves as a source of water for Shamkir and Ganja cities. It also helps to protect the lower course of Kura from floods.
The hydroelectric power plant located in the reservoir has a capacity of 24.4 MW.
The climate in the vicinity of the reservoir is moderately warm, typical for dry steppes. The average annual temperature is 12.9 °C, the average July temperature is 23-26 °C, the maximum can reach 37-40 °C. In winter, temperatures stay near freezing. There are registered 350–600 mm of precipitation falls annually (according to other sources - 240-390mm). Evaporation makes 700–1100 mm. The average annual air humidity is 67%.
The soils in the reservoir basin are predominantly (80% of the area) gray-brown (chestnut), have a thickness of the fertile layer of 40–50 cm.
# Henry Polak

Henry Salomon Leon Polak (1882 — 31 January 1959) was a British-born lawyer, journalist and activist in South Africa who worked in collaboration with Mohandas Gandhi against racial discrimination. He served as an editor for the journal Indian Opinion and influenced by Theosophy, he believed in humanism and worked for the British Indian Association and several other causes.

## Life and work

Polak was born in Dover, Kent in the Jewish family of Joseph and Adele Solomon Pool. He received admission to the London School of Economics but he was unable to afford studies there and after studying commerce for a while in Switzerland he attended evening classes at the Queen's Road Evening Institute in London. Here he met Millie Graham Downs, a Christian social activist. She introduced him to lectures organized at the Southgate Road Brotherhood Church by Reverend Bruce Wallace. He heard a talk by the Theosophist Annie Besant and readings on Tolstoy which influenced him. They also attended talks at the South Place Ethical Society. Polak moved to South Africa in 1903 to serve there in the family business leaving Millie behind.
Polak first met Mohandas Gandhi in 1904 at Ziegler's vegetarian restaurant in Johannesburg, then being an editor of the Transvaal Critic. The two became close friends and Polak became the editor of the Indian Opinion from 1905 serving until 1916. Gandhi helped get Millie into South Africa and acted as best man at their wedding in South Africa on 30 December 1905. The magistrate at one point assumed that Henry was "coloured" due to his association with Gandhi and there were rules against "coloured" people marrying a white woman like Millie. Gandhi later persuaded Polak to study law, and was articled to Gandhi from 1905. He qualified in 1908 and handled Gandhi's legal practice and also became attorney of the Supreme Court of the Transvaal. When Gandhi visited London in 1906, Polak's father took Gandhi to the House of Commons to meet a liberal member of parliament. Polak and Gandhi introduced a range of writings to the audience of the Indian Opinion including ideas from Tolstoy, John Ruskin, Emerson, Mazzini, and Thoreau. Polak gifted Gandhi a copy of John Ruskin's Unto this last in 1904 which was to have a major influence. Polak published two books through G. A. Natesan on the situation of Indians in South Africa. Polak returned to England in 1916 and began to work with the British Committee of the Indian National Congress, editing the journal India. Extreme elements in the Indian National Congress like Bal Gangadhar Tilak disliked Polak's management of the India newsletter and he was forced to resign from the editorial position in 1919. He was interested in inter-religious movements and took part in the World Congress of Religions at Geneva in 1937. Speaking in Madras in 1956, he drew parallels between the Theosophical movement and the Universal Declaration of Human Rights drafted in 1948. Polak had differences with Gandhi, and in later life they held more divergent views but continued to correspond with each other.
# Soy (Julio Iglesias album)

Soy is a 1973 album by Julio Iglesias. A U.S. version was released in 1980. It was released on the Columbia label. An English language version of Soy called Así Nacemos was released to the United States and Canadian markets in the same year.

## Track listing
### Así Nacemos track listing

* Así nacemos (1st versión) 3:49
* Tenía una guitarra 3:10
* Bla, bla, bla 3:40
* Hace unos años 3:55
* Alguien que pasó 4:10
* Niña 3:42
* A Chicago (Dear Mrs. Jane) 2:53
* Dahil sa´yo 2:56
* No es verdad 2:17
* 24 horas 4:25
# Fort Ann Formation

The Fort Ann Formation is a geologic formation in New York. It preserves fossils dating back to the Ordovician period.
# Óscar Pérez (footballer, born 1981)

Óscar Pérez Bovela (born 27 August 1981) is a Spanish former professional footballer who played as a midfielder.

## Club career

Pérez was born in Oviedo, Asturias. He started his professional career with hometown club Real Oviedo, but was not very successful there, playing only 14 games with the main squad over three seasons as they consecutively dropped two divisions.
Pérez then continued his career in the Segunda División where, in the 2004–05 campaign, another relegation befell, with Córdoba CF. In late January 2006, with the Andalusians in the Segunda División B, he moved to England with Bolton Wanderers, but did not manage any first-team appearances.
After being released in May 2006 with four other players, Pérez returned to Spain, signing with CD Tenerife. As the Canary Islands side returned to the top flight in 2009 after seven years, he appeared in 29 matches (although only three complete), scoring once.
In July 2009, Pérez was bought by Udinese Calcio in Italy with compatriot Iván Amaya, but both were immediately transferred to Granada CF as seven other players, after the two clubs' partnership agreement. In his first season, he contributed 16 games as the team returned to division two after an absence of more than 20 years.
In late July 2011, Pérez joined Cádiz CF of the third tier in a season-long loan.
# Upper topology

In mathematics, the upper topology on a partially ordered set X is the coarsest topology in which the closure of a singleton $\{a\}$ is the order section $a]=\{x\leq a\}$ for each $a\in X.$ If $\leq$ is a partial order, the upper topology is the least order consistent topology in which all open sets are up-sets. However, not all up-sets must necessarily be open sets. The lower topology induced by the preorder is defined similarly in terms of the down-sets. The preorder inducing the upper topology is its specialization preorder, but the specialization preorder of the lower topology is opposite to the inducing preorder.
The real upper topology is most naturally defined on the upper-extended real line $(-\infty ,+\infty ]=\mathbb {R} \cup \{+\infty \}$ by the system $\{(a,+\infty ]:a\in \mathbb {R} \cup \{\pm \infty \}\}$ of open sets. Similarly, the real lower topology $\{[-\infty ,a):a\in \mathbb {R} \cup \{\pm \infty \}\}$ is naturally defined on the lower real line $[-\infty ,+\infty )=\mathbb {R} \cup \{-\infty \}.$ A real function on a topological space is upper semi-continuous if and only if it is lower-continuous, i.e. is continuous with respect to the lower topology on the lower-extended line ${[-\infty ,+\infty )}.$ Similarly, a function into the upper real line is lower semi-continuous if and only if it is upper-continuous, i.e. is continuous with respect to the upper topology on ${(-\infty ,+\infty ]}.$
# Ian Dev Singh

Ian Dev Singh Chauhan is an Indian cricketer who plays predominantly as a batsman. He was captain of Jammu and Kashmir in the Ranji Trophy in 2013-14.Recently he moved USA and was made captain for Seattle thunderbolts for the minor league 2024 championship.

## Early life

Ian Dev Singh was born in Gandhinagar, Jammu into a Rajput family and named after Ian Botham and Kapil Dev, his father's two favourite cricketers. He completed his Bachelor of Engineering degree at D. Y. Patil University in Navi Mumbai while simultaneously playing Ranji Trophy cricket, occasionally necessitating flying in to sit an exam directly between Jammu and Kashmir fixtures.

## Career

Jammu and Kashmir's cricketing infrastructure remains somewhat underdeveloped, and Ian Dev Singh developed as a cricketer by playing club cricket in Mumbai. He noted in 2012 that, '[t]he competition even at the club level [in Mumbai] is very tough whereas back in our state, we get limited opportunities. We rarely get solid preparation before the Ranji season commences.'
Another major influence on the development of his game was former India captain Bishan Bedi, coach of Jammu and Kashmir between 2011 and 2014. With Bedi's guidance helping him overhaul his mental approach to batting, Dev Singh scored 406 runs at 67.66 in first-class matches in 2011–12, and earned selection for North Zone in the Duleep Trophy. For his part, Bedi described Dev Singh as 'a very good shorter version batsman and a brilliant fielder' who was 'definitely ready for a break', either in the form of an international call-up or an IPL contract. As of 2017, however, such honours have eluded him.
# List of universities in Gabon

This is a list of universities in Gabon.

## Universities in Gabon

* Université Omar Bongo
# Bless God

Bless God is a single by New Zealand singer, worship leader and songwriter Brooke Ligertwood from her studio album Eight. It was realised on 5 April as EP consisted of four version of the song, including live version from Passion 2024 with Brandon Lake and Cody Carnes. Both of them are co-writers of single.

## Background

Ligertwood announced that she will realise Bless God as a single on 5 April as an EP.
Ligertwood wrote the song with Cody Carnes and Brandon Lake. “‘Bless God’ is a gift to me, I don't know how I got to be in the room when that song happened. Cody already had the chorus, and then this verse came out, and then this bridge. And I wonder if just by the mercy of God, I got to be there and part of that song that day because that was the song that I needed”.

## Commercial performance

"Bless God" debuted at number 28 and peaked number 23 on the US Hot Christian Songs chart dated 27 April 2024.
The song didn't reach Official Top 40 on The Official NZ Music Charts, but peaked number 8 on Hot 20 NZ Singles Chart dated 30 October 2023
# Goniatitina

Goniatitina is one of two suborders included in the order Goniatitida; extinct Paleozoic ammonoid cephalopods only distantly related to the Nautiloidea.

## Taxonomy

The Goniatitina contains 17 defined superfamilies, listed below.
* Adrianitoidea
* Cycloloboidea
* Dimorphoceratoidea
* Gastrioceratoidea
* Goniatitoidea
* Gonioloboceratoidea
* Marathonitoidea
* Neodimorphoceratoidea
* Neoglyphioceratoidea
* Neoicoceratoidea
* Nomismoceratoidea
* Pericycloidea
* Popanoceratoidea
* Schistoceratoidea
* Shumarditoidea
* Somoholitoidea
* Thalassoceratoidea
# Fort Atkinson Limestone

The Fort Atkinson Limestone is a geologic formation in Illinois. It preserves fossils dating back to the Ordovician period.
# Gerolamo Bortotti

Gerolamo Bortotti (c. 1857 – Venice, 1925) was an Italian sculptor.

## Biography

He was born in Belluno, and with a three-year stipend from his native city, he was able to attend the Accademia di Belle Arti of Venice. He was noted as a wood carver, a skill he had learned in his native city, which had also produced the carver and sculptor, Andrea Brustolon, and the contemporary rival of Bortotti, Valentino Panciera Besarel.
Bortotti was sought after for his carved frames, caskets, and other woodwork. Some of his frames were themselves displayed and awarded at expositions. For many years, Bortotti was mainly dedicated to sculpture, and the 1881 exhibition of Fine Arts in Milan he displayed: The Rape (ratto) of the Venetian Brides. He also made ceramic sculpture including: Modesty and A Fisherman of Chioggia.
He worked mainly in Venice. Among his portrait work are a bust of Giuseppe Verdi at the Giardini, the portrait of Jacopo Castelli for display at Bocca di Piazza, and the bust of Pope Pius X (1907) placed on the landing of the grand staircase at the Scuola di San Rocco.
# Cheirothrix

Cheirothrix (meaning "hand hair") is an extinct genus of marine ray-finned fish from the Late Cretaceous. It is named for its enlarged pectoral fins, which show close convergence with modern flying fish.

## Taxonomy

The following species are known:
* †C. guestphalicus (von der Marck & Schlüter, 1868) - Late Campanian of Germany (=Telepholis biantennatus von der Marck, 1873, Megapus guestphalicus von der Marck & Schlüter, 1868)
* †C. lewisii Davis, 1887 - Late Santonian of Lebanon (Sahel Alma)
* †C. libanicus Pictet & Humbert, 1866 - Late Santonian of Lebanon (Sahel Alma)
The fossilised remains of Cheirothrix lewisii were found in limestone strata in Lebanon dating back about 85 million years. This fish was first described by James William Davis in 1887 and was named in honour of Professor E. R. Lewis of the American College in Beirut. Professor Lewis had originally found the fossil at Sahel Alma on Mount Lebanon. In this famous fossil location, about sixty species of fish have been found, none of them known from elsewhere in the world.

## Description

Cheirothrix is characterized by enormous pectoral fins and the ventral lobe of the tail fin is also much enlarged. It seems likely that these fish could launch themselves out of the water and glide hundreds of metres (yards) through the air, probably to evade predators.

## Distribution

During the Cretaceous period, sea levels were much higher than they are now. The fish remains at Sahel Alma are very well preserved. The rock is a fine-grained limestone found in an area much folded and faulted and is laid down in thick beds. The fish may have died because of a localized shortage of oxygen. Five specimens of Cheirothrix lewisii were found, each preserved in such detail that the fifty or so vertebrae can be counted and the branching rays of the pectoral fins can be seen clearly. The holotype is a cleft slab of limestone with remains of the fish on both sides. It is now kept in the Natural History Museum in London.
Another member of the genus, Cheirothrix libanicus, is found in the same fossil bed and other members of the genus are known from 84-to-70-million-year-old deposits in Germany.
# Zuppa toscana

Zuppa toscana (lit. 'Tuscan soup'), also known in Italy as minestra di pane (lit. 'bread soup'), is a soup from the region of Tuscany, northern Italy. While there are many variations, its most common ingredients are cannellini beans, potatoes, and kale.

## History

According to the older generation, minestra di pane (zuppa toscana's ancestor) was originally created as a way to use up leftover stale bread. For the poor, it was a waste to throw this bread away; instead they made a watery soup out of it. Minestra di pane has been part of Italian culture for a long time—so long, in fact, that there are legends about Leonardo da Vinci eating it himself. This soup has become part of Tuscan identity.

## Similarly-named dishes

The American restaurant chain Olive Garden offers a very different soup under the name zuppa toscana. Rather than being based on beans, it is made with Italian sausage, red pepper, onion, bacon, garlic, chicken broth, cream, potatoes, and kale.
# JS Seiryū

JS Seiryū (SS-509) is the ninth boat of Sōryū-class submarines. She was commissioned on 12 March 2018.

## Construction and career

Seiryū was laid down at Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Kobe Shipyard on October 22, 2013, as the 2013 plan 2900-ton submarine No. 8124 based on the medium-term defense capability development plan. At the launching ceremony, it was named Seiryū and launched on 12 October 2016. She was commissioned on 12 March 2018 and deployed to Yokosuka, which became her homeport.

## Gallery

* JS Seiryū at Kobe on 23 October 2016.
* JS Seiryū at Kobe on 23 October 2016.
* JS Seiryū at Kobe on 23 October 2016.

## Citations

* 1 2 Pike, John. "SS-501 Soryu / 16SS / SS 2,900 ton Class". www.globalsecurity.org. Archived from the original on 5 March 2016. Retrieved 11 July 2012.
* ↑ "Soryu class submarine SS 501 japan maritime self defense force jmsdf". www.seaforces.org. Retrieved 30 October 2020.
* ↑ 日本テレビ. "潜航中に充電！最新潜水艦「ずいりゅう」|日テレNEWS24". 日テレNEWS24 (in Japanese). Retrieved 30 October 2020.
# First Universalist Church of Cedar Rapids

The First Universalist Church of Cedar Rapids, also called the Peoples Church Unitarian Universalist is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. Built in 1875, it served the Unitarian Universalist community of Cedar Rapids, Iowa, USA, for more than 135 years. Because of the high cost of upkeep and diminishing membership, the congregation voted to sell the building and grounds in May 2010. It was demolished in October 2011.