# Itaboraian

The Itaboraian (Portuguese: Itaboraiense) age is a period within the Early Eocene geologic time (53.0–50.0 Ma) epoch of the Paleogene, used more specifically with South American land mammal ages (SALMA). It follows the Riochican and precedes the Casamayoran age.

## Etymology

This age is named after the Itaboraí Formation in the Itaboraí Basin in Itaboraí, a Greater Rio municipality in the state of Rio de Janeiro in Brazil not very far away from Niterói.

## Formations

| Formation bold is type | Country | Basin |
| Itaboraí Formation | Brazil | Itaboraí Basin |
| Bogotá Formation | Colombia | Altiplano Cundiboyacense |
| Cerrejón Formation | Colombia | Cesar-Ranchería Basin |
| Chota Formation | Peru | Bagua Basin |
| Koluel Kaike Formation | Argentina | Golfo San Jorge Basin |
| Las Flores Formation | Argentina | Golfo San Jorge Basin |
| Maíz Gordo Formation | Argentina | Salta Basin |
| Mogollón Formation | Peru | Talara & Tumbes Basins |
| Muñani Formation | Peru | Altiplano Basin |

## Fossils

| Group | Fossils | Formation | Notes |
| Mammals | Asmithwoodwardia scotti, Austropediomys marshalli, Bergqvistherium primigenia, Bobbschaefferia fluminensis, Camargomendesia pristina, Carodnia vieirai, Carolocoutoia ferigoloi, Carolopaulacoutoia itaboraiensis, Colbertia magellanica, Derorhynchus singularis, Didelphopsis cabrerai, Eobrasilia coutoi, Epidolops ameghinoi, Gashternia carioca, Gaylordia macrocynodonta, Gaylordia mater, Guggenheimia brasiliensis, Guggenheimia crocheti, Homalostylops atavus, Itaboraidelphys camposi, Lamegoia conodonta, Marmosopsis juradoi, Miguelsoria parayirunhor, Minusculodelphis minimus, M. modicum, Mirandatherium alipioi, Monodelphopsis travassosi, Palaeocladosictis mosesi, Paranisolambda prodromus, Patene simpsoni, Periprotodidelphis bergqvistae, Procaroloameghinia pricei, Protodidelphis mastodontoides, P. vanzolinii, Protolipterna ellipsodontoides, Ricardocifellia protocenica, Riolestes capricornicus, Riostegotherium yanei, Tetragonostylops apthomasi, Victorlemoinea prototypica, Xenodelphis doelloi, Zeusdelphys complicatus, ?Arminiheringia sp., Henricosbornia sp., Australidelphia indet., Borhyaenidae indet., Didelphidae indet., Didolodontidae indet., Herpetotheriidae indet., Microbiotheriidae indet., Notoungulata indet., Paucituberculata indet., Pediomyidae indet., Peradectidae indet., Polydolopidae indet., Protodidelphidae indet. | Itaboraí | [12] [13][14] [15] [2][16] [17] |
| Mammals | Ernestokokenia yirunhor, Gashternia ctalehor, Henricosbornia waitehor, Seudenius cteronc, Shecenia ctirneru, ?Isotemnus ctalego, ?Peripantostylops orehor, ?Polydolops kamektsen, Kibenikhoria sp., Archaeopithecidae indet., Borhyaenidae indet., ?Litopterna indet., ?Notostylopidae indet. | Koluel Kaike | |
| Mammals | Anisolambda sp., Antepithecus sp., Asmithwoodwardia sp., Bardalestes sp., Bobbschaefferia sp., Camargomendesia sp., Carolopaulacoutoia sp., Colbertia sp., Derorhynchus sp., Didelphopsis sp., Epidolops sp., Ernestokokenia sp., Gashternia sp., Guggenheimia crocheti, Henricosbornia sp., Isotemnus sp., Itaboraitherium sp., Kibenikhoria sp., Marmosopsis sp., Mirandatherium sp., Monodelphopsis sp., Peripantostylops sp., Polydolops sp., Procaroloameghinia pricei, Protodidelphis sp., Shecenia sp., Trigonostylops sp., Victorlemoinea sp., Woodburnodon sp., Ceratodontidae indet., ?Patene indet. | Las Flores | |
| Mammals | Carodnia inexpectans | Mogollón | |
| Mammals | Chulpasia mattaueri, Peradectes austrinum, Perutherium altiplanense, Sillustania quechuense, Umayodus raimondi, Didelphidae indet., ?Didolodontidae indet., Notoungulata sp., Pediomyidae indet., Proteutheria indet. | Muñani | [22] [23][24] |
| Birds | Diogenornis fragilis, Eutreptodactylus itaboraiensis, Itaboravis elaphrocnemoides, Paleopsilopterus itaboraiensis | Itaboraí | [16][25] [26][27] |
| Birds | Latidae indet., Siluriformes indet., Tetragonopterinae indet. | Muñani | |
| Reptiles & amphibians | Acherontisuchus guajiraensis, Anthracosuchus balrogus, Carbonemys cofrinii, Cerrejonemys wayuunaiki, Cerrejonisuchus improcerus, Pelomedusoides sp., Puentemys mushaisaensis, Titanoboa cerrejonensis | Cerrejón | |
| Reptiles & amphibians | ?Madtsoia sp. | Koluel Kaike | |
| Reptiles & amphibians | Notocaiman stromeri | Peñas Coloradas | |
| Reptiles & amphibians | Bretesuchus bonapartei | Maíz Gordo | |
| Reptiles & amphibians | Apodops pricei, Coniophis cf. precedens, Corallus priscus, Hechtophis austrinus, Hoffstetterella brasiliensis, Itaboraiophis depressus, Madtsoia camposi, Paraungaliophis pricei, Paulacoutophis perplexus, Sahitisuchus fluminensis, Waincophis cameratus, Waincophis pressulus, Xenopus romeri, ? Russellophiidae indet. | Itaboraí | |
| Reptiles & amphibians | Lorosuchus nodosus, Pelomedusoides cf. argentinensis | Río Loro | |
| Reptiles & amphibians | cf. Coniophis sp., ?Roxochelys vilavilensis, Crocodylia indet., ?Leptodactylidae indet. | Muñani | |
| Fishes | Dipnoi sp., Elopomorpha sp. | Cerrejón | |
| Fishes | Lepidosiren cf. paradoxa, Ceratodus sp. | Muñani | |
| Molluscs | Bulimulus fazendicus | Itaboraí | |
| Flora | Menispina evidens | Bogotá | |
| Flora | Stephania palaeosudamericana | Bogotá, Cerrejón | |
| Flora | Malvaciphyllum macondicus, Petrocardium cerrejonense, Petrocardium wayuuorum | Cerrejón | |

## Correlations

Itaboraian correlations in South America :
| Formation | Itaboraí | Las Flores | Koluel Kaike | Maíz Gordo | Muñani | Mogollón | Bogotá | Cerrejón | Ypresian (IUCS) • Wasatchian (NALMA) Bumbanian (ALMA) • Mangaorapan (NZ) |
| Basin | Itaboraí | Golfo San Jorge | Golfo San Jorge | Salta | Altiplano Basin | Talara & Tumbes | Altiplano Cundiboyacense | Cesar-Ranchería | Itaboraian (South America) |
| Country | Brazil | Argentina | Argentina | Argentina | Peru | Peru | Colombia | Colombia | | Itaboraian (South America) |
| Carodnia | | | | | | | | | Itaboraian (South America) |
| Gashternia | | | | | | | | | Itaboraian (South America) |
| Henricosbornia | | | | | | | | | Itaboraian (South America) |
| Victorlemoinea | | | | | | | | | Itaboraian (South America) |
| Polydolopimorphia | | | | | | | | | Itaboraian (South America) |
| Birds | | | | | | | | | Itaboraian (South America) |
| Reptiles | | | | | | | | | Itaboraian (South America) |
| Fish | | | | | | | | | Itaboraian (South America) |
| Flora | | | | | | | | | Itaboraian (South America) |
| Environments | Alluvial-lacustrine | Alluvial-fluvial | Alluvial-fluvial | Fluvio-lacustrine | Lacustrine | Fluvial | Fluvio-deltaic | Fluvio-deltaic | Itaboraian volcanoclastics Itaboraian fauna Itaboraian flora |
| Volcanic | | | Yes | | | | | | | | Itaboraian volcanoclastics Itaboraian fauna Itaboraian flora |