OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Peter Hedström (sociologist)

Peter Hedström (born 14 July 1955 in Norsjö, Sweden) is one of the founders of the field of analytical sociology. He has made contributions to the analysis of social contagion processes and complex social networks, as well as to the philosophical and meta-theoretical foundations of analytical sociology. He is one of the key contributors to the literature on social mechanisms.
Hedström received his Ph.D. at Harvard University in 1987. He then took a post as assistant professor at the University of Chicago, and, in 1989, he received a professor chair at the Department of Sociology, Stockholm University. In 2003, he assumed a position as Official Fellow and professor at Nuffield College, University of Oxford, which he left in 2011 to become the director of the Institute for Futures Studies in Stockholm. During the 2008/2009 he was dean of the School of Social Sciences at the Singapore Management University. Together with Peter Bearman, Hedström edited the foundational Oxford Handbook of Analytical Sociology published in 2009. In 2014, Hedström started the Institute for Analytical Sociology at Linköping University. Hedström is past president of the Swedish Sociological Association and has served as editor of Acta Sociologica and as associate editor of the American Journal of Sociology, Annual Review of Sociology, and Rationality and Society. He is the president of the International Network of Analytical Sociology, past president of the European Academy of Sociology, and a Fellow of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences, the Royal Swedish Academy of Letters, History and Antiquities, the Norwegian Academy of Science and Letters and the Academia Europaea.

## Key publications

* P. Hedström and Richard Swedberg (eds.) Social Mechanisms: An Analytical Approach to Social Theory. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1998.
* P. Hedström Dissecting the Social: On the Principles of Analytical Sociology. Cambridge University Press, 2005.
* P. Hedström and Peter Bearman (Eds.) The Oxford Handbook of Analytical Sociology. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2009.
* P Hedström Causal mechanisms in the social sciences (with Petri Ylikoski). Annual Review of Sociology 36: 49–67.
# Happy Camp (film)

Happy Camp is a 2014 American found footage horror film written and directed by Josh Anthony in his directorial debut. It was released on video on demand on March 25, 2014, through Gravitas Ventures and was produced through Drew Barrymore's production company Flower Films. The movie stars Michael Barbuto as a man trying to discover the truth behind his brother's disappearance years ago.

## Plot

In the 1980s Mike (Michael Barbuto) was adopted by Walt and Sandy and was taken to live with them in Happy Camp, a small logging town, with their son Dean. Mike got along instantly with his new brother and was overjoyed that he would finally have a family. This happiness was cut short on October 22, 1989, when Dean is abducted by persons unknown. Mike, the only witness to the crime, can't remember anything about his brother's disappearance, the latest in a string of over 600 disappearances over the last 27 years. Twenty years later Mike's girlfriend Anne (Anne Taylor) has persuaded him to revisit Happy Camp to try to recover his memory of what happened that day. She also persuades him to allow a film crew to videotape the entire process. However rather than have an experience that will help him reconcile with his past, Mike finds that he, Anne, and the film crew are in serious danger.

## Cast

* Josh Anthony as Josh
* Michael Barbuto as Michael Tanner
* Ben Blenkle as Local
* Teddy Gilmore as Teddy
* Anne Taylor as Anne

## Reception

Critical reception for Happy Camp has been largely negative, and Twitch Film stated that the movie "provides a nice warning to future indie filmmakers looking to mine the nearly bankrupt found footage genre." Several reviewers criticized the movie's found footage angle, as they felt that it did not add anything to the film. Bloody Disgusting commented that the film took the concept of found footage too seriously, as they felt that "there’s no reason to try to pass it as authentic – especially if it bogs down whatever thin narrative there is." The final portion of Happy Camp was also heavily criticized, and reviewers from Dread Central and Film School Rejects felt that although the movie's premise showed promise, the film did not ultimately deliver. Ain't It Cool News gave a mixed review, commenting that although there were better films in the found footage genre there were also many that were worse and that Happy Camp was overall an "entertaining although typical found footage film."
# Věra Linhartová

Věra Linhartová (born 22 March, 1938) is a Czech writer and an art historian.
She was born in Brno and studied art history at Jan Evangelista Purkyně University and aesthetics at Charles University in Prague. She worked in the art gallery at Hluboká Castle. From 1962 to 1965, she was involved with the surrealist group in Prague and also contributed to the young writers' journal Tvář. In 1968, Linhartová moved to Paris. Since 1969, she has been writing in French.
In 1972, she was the first female juror of the Neustadt International Prize for Literature, known then as Books Abroad. She nominated French author Nathalie Sarraute, but the Prize was awarded to Colombian author Gabriel García Márquez that year.
She studied Japanese in Paris and from 1989 to 1990, she lived in Tokyo on a research grant.
She edited and translated Dada et Surréalisme au Japon (1987).
Linhartová received the Jaroslav Seifert Prize in 1998. In 2010, she received the F. X. Šalda Award and the Tom Stoppard prize for her collection of essays Soustředné kruhy (Collected Circles).

## Selected works

* Meziprůzkum nejblíž uplynulého (Intersurvey of the nearest past), short stories (1964)
* Prostor k rozlišení (Space for differentiation), short stories (1964)
* Rozprava o zdviži (Discourse about a lift), prose (1965)
* Přestořeč (Despite speech), short stories (1966)
* Chiméra neboli Průřez cibulí, prose (1967)
* Dada et Surréalisme au Japon (Modern Art in Japan) (1987).
* Ianus tří tváří (Three-faced Janus), poetry (1993)
* Mes oubliettes (My dungeons) (1998)
* Soustředné kruhy, essays (2011)
# Katell Berthelot

Katell Berthelot, born in Paris on 13 February 1972, is a French historian of religions, specializing in ancient Judaism and comparing the three monotheisms. She is a director of research at the National Center for Scientific Research (CNRS) and is attached to the Paul-Albert February Center at the Maison Méditerranéenne des Sciences de l'homme (MMSH) in Aix-en-Provence. She won the Irène Joliot-Curie Prize in 2008 in the Young Female Scientist category.

## Life and work

Berthelot graduated from HEC Paris in 1993 and earned her master's degree in literature. She changed the course of her career in the 1990s after traveling to Israel for two years and studying newly discovered texts of the Bible. Her education included the history of religions at Paris Sorbonne-Paris IV University where she obtained a Diploma of Advanced Studies (DEA). She spent the following years at the Orion Center for Qumran Studies at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem. Her Sorbonne doctorate in 2001, directed by Mireille Hadas-Lebel, was on “Israel and Humanity in Jewish Thought in Hellenistic and Roman Times.” In 2002, Berthelot joined the CNRS, at the Center Paul-Albert Juillet in Aix-en-Provence as a researcher, and she was appointed a CNRS research director in October 2015.
Working with biblical manuscripts and their commentaries, her research covers the notion of humanism in ancient Greek philosophy and ancient Jewish thought, specifically the Jewish reading of the bible's story of the conquest of Canaan by the Hebrews or the universality of Jewish law.
Berthelot co-directed, with Thierry Legrand and André Paul, the bilingual edition of the Dead Sea Scrolls (Qumran) from 2006 to 2018 for the Cerf editions as well as God, an investigation, a work comparing the three great monotheisms and their commonalities as well as what distinguishes them.
From 2014 to 2019, Berthelot directed the research project "Judaism and Rome," funded by the ERC (European Council for Research).

## Selected awards and distinctions

* Prix Sophie-Barluet (2017)
* Prix Pierre-Lafue (2017)
* Irène Joliot-Curie Prize (2008)
* CNRS bronze medalist (2007)
# Porto Recanati

Porto Recanati (pronounced) is a town in the province of Macerata in the Marche region of Central Italy. It was made an independent town on 15 January 1893, due to a decree issued by King Umberto I causing the coastal hamlets of the town to be separated from Recanati.
With a population of approximately 12,500 inhabitants, Porto Recanati is located near Mount Conero. The town's seaboard extends for about 2 km (1.2 mi) from the mouth of the Musone River to beyond the Potenza River. The central part of the town is formed by gravel beaches and steep, deep-bottom seas, unlike nearby towns Potenza Picena and Civitanova Marche.

## History

The area seem to have been inhabited since Bronze Age, as findings on the top of Montarice's hill, hailing from period called Apennine Medium Bronze and dating from the 15th-14th centuries BC have confirmed. In the same areas fragments of the 6th century BC Attic pottery have been recovered, witnessing the early commercial trade in the area.

## Main sights

The Castello Svevo (Hohenstaufen Castle), built during the 13th through 15th centuries as a rampart against Turkish pirates attacks, is home to the Municipal Art Gallery, that in nine rooms collects paintings, mainly from 1850 to the early 20th century.
Among its churches is the parish church of San Giovanni Battista, and the small chapel of Chiesetta della Banderuola.

## Tourism

Porto Recanati is home to a large number of family-run restaurants and shops that cater to the tourism industry. Porto Recanati serves a spring-summer tourist town, with a beach and an annual Aeronautica Militare airshow.
Porto Recanati's restaurants offer a large selection of locally caught seafood including lobster, sea bass and calamari. A local specialty is the brodetto di Porto Recanati, a traditional fisherman's dish. The town also features a large fish market located on the outskirts of town.

## Twin towns

* Kronberg im Taunus, Germany
* Mar del Plata, Argentina
# Megalomastomatidae

Megalomastomatidae is a family of tropical land snails with an operculum, terrestrial gastropod mollusks in the superfamily Cyclophoroidea (according to the taxonomy of the Gastropoda by Bouchet & Rocroi, 2005).

## Genera

Genera within the family Megalomastomatidae include:
* Cyclopomops Bartsch & J. P. E. Morrison, 1942
* Farcimen Troschel, 1847
* Farcimoides Bartsch, 1942
* Hainesia L. Pfeffer, 1856: belongs to the subfamily Cyclophoridae incertae sedis
* Megalomastoma Swainson, 1840 - the type genus of the family Megalomastomatidae
* Neopupina Kobelt, 1902
* Tomocyclus Crosse & P. Fischer, 1872

### Synonyms

* Cyclopoma Troschel, 1847: synonym of Cyclopomops Bartsch & J. P. E. Morrison, 1942 (invalid: not Agassiz, 1833 [Pisces]; Cyclopomops is a replacement name)
* Cyrtotoma Mörch, 1852: synonym of Aperostoma Troschel, 1847 (invalid: objective junior synonym)
* Habropoma Crosse & P. Fischer, 1880: synonym of Aperostoma Troschel, 1847 (invalid: objective junior synonym)
* Lomastoma S. P. Woodward, 1856: synonym of Megalomastoma Swainson, 1840
* Megaloma S. P. Woodward, 1854: synonym of Megalomastoma Swainson, 1840
* Megalostoma [sic]: synonym of Megalomastoma Swainson, 1840 (misspelling of original genus name, Megalomastoma Swainson, 1840)
* Megalostomatinae [sic]: synonym of Megalomastomatinae W. T. Blanford, 1864 (misspelling)
* Subfamily Cochlostomatinae Kobelt, 1902: synonym of Cochlostomatidae Kobelt, 1902
* Subfamily Neopupininae Kobelt, 1902: synonym of Megalomastomatinae W. T. Blanford, 1864
# Lotte Koch

Lotte Koch (9 March 1913 – 26 May 2013) was a Belgian-born German film actress. She emerged as a star during the Nazi era, appearing in the 1944 drama The Black Robe. Following the Second World War she appeared in several rubble films including And the Heavens Above Us (1947) with Hans Albers.

## Selected filmography

* Lumpaci the Vagabond (1936)
* The Heart of a Queen (1940)
* Friedemann Bach (1941)
* Attack on Baku (1942)
* Germanin – Die Geschichte einer kolonialen Tat [de] (1943)
* The Black Robe (1944)
* And the Heavens Above Us (1947)
* Morituri (1948)
* Search for Majora (1949)
* Madonna in Chains (1949)
* Captain Bay-Bay (1953)
# Susan Hefuna

Susan Hefuna (Arabic: سوزان حفونه) is a German-Egyptian visual artist. She works in a variety of media, including drawing, photography, sculpture, installation, video and performance. She lives and works between Cairo, Egypt and Germany.

## Early life and education

Hefuna was born in Berlin, Germany in 1962 to an Egyptian father and a German mother. Hefuna spent the first eight years of her life in Egypt, and later moved to Graz, Austria, to be closer to her mother's family. In 1992, she attained a post-graduate degree from the Institute for New Media at the Städelschule in Frankfurt, Germany under Peter Weibel.
Hefuna connects her Egyptian and German roots in her work, using the urban imagery, typography and traditions of both to build a bridge between the two cultures.

## Work

Hefuna's drawings generally employ Indian ink for works consisting of more than one layer; for works of a single layer she usually uses watercolor.
A recurring theme in her work is the mashrabiya screen, the wooden or stone lattice-work screen that features in traditional Egyptian architecture.
These screens first appeared in Hefuna's drawings in 1990 and her photographs taken with a pinhole camera. In 2008 Hefuna had a solo exhibition of her work, entitled On the Edgware Road, at the Serpentine Galleries, which drew heavily from the recent Arab Spring uprisings. In 2009 around 300 of her ink and pencil drawings on layered tracing paper were exhibited in the Giardini and the Arsenale venues at Fare Mondi, at the 53rd Venice Biennale. Her projects are documented in the Trilogy Pars Pro Toto by editor Hans Ulrich Obrist published by Kehrer.

## Exhibitions

Hefuna's work was shown on several occasions in the UK: starting at Bluecoat Gallery in Liverpool (2004), and with Rose Issa Projects (2008-2014) in 2014 in the "Here and Elsewhere" exhibition at the New Museum in New York. Her work has also been exhibited at the Sharjah Biennale, in the Townhouse Gallery in Cairo, and in venues in London, Brussels, Vienna, Beirut, Dubai and Istanbul.

## Criticism

In a review of Hefuna's exhibition, "Navigation X Cultural," at the South African National Gallery in Cape Town, Tracy Murinik said, "Hefuna articulates a complex web of physical references in her construction of this immense and quite astonishing palmwood structure," and praised her "immaculately dense drawings" and "bold digital prints and photographs."

## Awards

In 1998, Hefuna was awarded the International Award at the Cairo Biennial. In 2013 she was awarded the Contemporary Drawing Prize by the Daniel and Florence Guerlain Foundation in Paris.

## Art market

Hefuna is currently represented by Pi Artworks in London and Istanbul and the Rhona Hoffman Gallery in Chicago.
# Carlos Palanca Gutiérrez

Carlos Palanca Gutiérrez (24 April 1819 – 16 June 1876) was a Spanish military commander and diplomat who reached the rank of field marshal.
Born in Valencia to a merchant family, Palanca studied in France before joining the army in Málaga on 18 April 1839. He served in the First Carlist War. He was stationed in Manila in 1843–1844 and in Madrid in 1844–1845. In 1852, he left again for Manila.
When France decided to launch a punitive expedition against Vietnam over the persecution of Christians in 1857, Spain placed an expeditionary force at its disposal, since the Spanish missionary bishop José María Díaz Sanjurjo [es] had been among the victims. Palanca was second in command. For his actions in the fighting, he was promoted to lieutenant colonel and received the Légion d'Honneur from Napoleon III. In 1859, he returned to Madrid. In 1860, he was appointed minister plenipotentiaty to Vietnam to negotiate a peace treaty. In 1862, he was promoted to colonel. He signed the Treaty of Saigon on 5 June 1862, bringing the war to an end. Although France obtained Cochinchina, Palanca had been ordered not to negotiate for land, although he reported that he probably could have obtained a territorial concession.
Palanca continued to participate in mopping up operations into 1863, when he returned to Spain with the rank of brigadier. In 1864, he was sent to Santo Domingo, where he contracted dysentery and had to recuperate in Santiago de Cuba. From 1864 to 1865, he was against stationed in the Philippines. When he protested his posting in Lanzarote, he was imprisoned. The Glorious Revolution of 1868 resulted in his release, promotion to field marshal and appointment as military governor of the Province of Murcia. In 1868–1870, he was posted to Puerto Rico.
In 1871, Palanca was named political governor and military commander of the Departamento Oriental in Cuba. In 1872–1873, he was Captain General of the Canaries [es]. For his service during the Ten Years' War in Cuba, he received the Cross of Military Merit from the First Spanish Republic, which also appointed him Captain General of Burgos [es] and Majorca [es]. He was recalled to Madrid in 1874, where he wrote an article that offended the government, for which he was sentenced to house arrest. Through the intervention of Joaquín Jovellar y Soler, he was pardoned in 1875.
In retirement, Palanca lived in Palma de Mallorca. He visited Genoa and Turin. He died in Madrid. He published three books in his lifetime: Manual de voces de mando para las maniobras de infantería (Manila, 1854); Reseña histórica de la expedición de Cochinchina (Cartagena, 1869); and Tratado sobre colonias militares (Madrid, 1874).
# Meristina

Meristina is an extinct genus of brachiopods that lived from the Late Ordovician to the Middle Devonian of Asia, Europe, and North America. Meristina had a smooth convex shell with a one-inch diameter.
# Heinzia

Heinzia is an extinct ammonoid cephalopod genus belonging to the family Pulchelliidae. They lived during the Cretaceous, in the Barremian age.

## Distribution

Fossils of species within this genus have been found in the Cretaceous sediments of Colombia, France, Italy, Morocco and Spain.
# Hpa-an Township

Hpa-an Township (Phlone ထ်ုအင်ကၞင့်; Burmese: ဘားအံမြို့နယ်, S'gaw Karen: ဖၣ်အၣ်ကီၢ်ဆၣ်) is a township of Hpa-an District in the Kayin State of Myanmar. The principal town is Hpa-An.
# Pianiga

Pianiga is a town in the Metropolitan City of Venice, Veneto, Italy. It is east of SR515.
Pianiga is located on the extreme southwestern edge of the Metropolitan City of Venice, in part bordering on the province of Padua and in part with the municipalities of Santa Maria di Sala, Mirano, Mira, Dolo and Fiesso d'Artico.
Up to the World War II the main occupation of the inhabitants was agriculture which was conducted in accordance with local sharecroppers or tenants who worked the land of large landowners from Venice or Padua.
From World War II onwards and then more definitely from the years of economic boom several companies were established.
Nowadays, the industries present within the municipal area of Pianiga are mostly engaged in building, metalworking and woodworking and in the production of shoes and relevant accessories.
There are also some other textile, glass processing and food processing industries.
Economic development has generated a clear environmental transformation: the reduction of large tracts of cultivated fields corresponded to an increase in built-up areas; Pianiga got the appearance of a residential centre while productive activities have been located in the closer precincts for example at Cazzago owing to the proximity of the rail station and highway exit and Mellaredo which is crossed by the state road connecting Padua to Treviso.
Rivale is the least densely populated locality of the entire municipality, though, thanks to the establishment of a number of medium and large businesses, a high level of employment is available.
Unfortunately, the initial urban development has grown spontaneously.
The territory, which until a few years ago was used exclusively for farming, still enough recently was showing several examples of different types of country cottages, from mansions to noble villas.
In the past, there were some rustic poor houses called the "casoni" (big houses) widespread in the territory which were hosting the families of labourers.
Today none of them exist any longer at Pianiga, because they reminded the humiliating past of poverty, so nothing was done for their conservation and all of them have been deteriorated by weather and lost forever.

## Sources

* ↑ "Superficie di Comuni Province e Regioni italiane al 9 ottobre 2011". Italian National Institute of Statistics. Retrieved 16 March 2019.
* ↑ All demographics and other statistics from the Italian statistical institute (Istat)
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