OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Ioan Niculae

Ioan Niculae (born 19 July 1954) is a Romanian businessman, best known for his ownership of InterAgro and the Astra Giurgiu football club. In August 2018, his net worth was estimated at $700 million.

## Overview

He is the owner of the InterAgro group, Romania's leading agricultural and fertilizer conglomerate, with revenues in excess of €630 million in 2012.
Through his company, Niculae manages approximately 50,000 hectares of agricultural fields and is the biggest Romanian cereal cultivator. He is also the owner of 170 hectares of vineyards, reaping their first harvest in 2008.
Since 2004, the total amount of agricultural investments done by his company has surpassed €100 million.
Niculae was accused of being an informer of Securitate, the secret police agency of Communist Romania.
In the 2013 Forbes list of billionaires, Niculae was stated to have an estimated fortune of $1.2 billion, holding the 1372nd position. He is the third Romanian to be featured in the magazine, after Dinu Patriciu and Ion Țiriac.
Since 1996 Niculae has been the owner of the Astra Giurgiu football team.
In 2021 Ioan Niculae was sentenced to 5 years in prison for tax evasion, money laundering and influence buying, being involved in many corruption cases.

## Biography

He entered the business world after 1990, setting up, alongside a Turkish partner, a chemical trade company – Interaction.
In 1995, he founded InterAgro, a Romanian-Chinese joint venture.
In 1997, Niculae became the majority stakeholder of the Astra Ploiesti refinery, after a $16 million investment.
In 1998, he bought into the Romanian insurance company Asirom, after investing $21 million. He sold those stocks in 2007, making a profit of $65 million.
He has been subject to many controversies, stemming from his business practices in the oil and gas industry. He has denied all charges.
In 2012, The Romanian National Tax Administration accused Niculae of defrauding the national budget due to accusations that his tobacco company, Galaxy Tobacco, had failed to pay its taxes, amounting to an excess of €120 million. Niculae fought the charges in Court and won.
In 2013, Niculae faced negative press after state prosecutors alleged that two Romanian politicians gave InterAgro favorable gas discounts from 2006 to 2010.
That same year, 2013, Niculae founded the Romanian Investors Council.
On April 2, 2015 he was jailed for 2+1⁄2 years for illegal financing the PSD electoral campaign from 2009.

## Personal life

In 2013, Niculae filed divorce from his wife, Domnita Niculae, ending a 31-year-old marriage. The divorce trial is still pending.
He is the father of three children.
# Woolhope Limestone

The Woolhope Limestone is a geologic formation in Wales. It preserves fossils dating back to the Silurian period.
# Stadio Erasmo Iacovone

Stadio Erasmo Iacovone is a multi-use stadium in Taranto, Italy. It is currently used mostly for football matches and is the home ground of Taranto Sport. The stadium holds 27,584 people.
The stadium was founded in 1965 as the Stadio Salinella and was renamed after Erasmo Iacovone, an Italian footballer who died in a car accident at the age of 25 while he was in Taranto, in 1978.
# On Black Slash-and-burn Fields

On Black Slash-and-Burn Fields (Belarusian: На чорных лядах) is a Belarusian drama film based on two short stories by Vasil Bykau, On Black Deforestation Fields (Belarusian: На чорных лядах) and Before the End (Belarusian: Перад канцом).

## Plot

A group of Belarusian anti-Soviet insurgents from the failed Slutsk Defence Action wanders through forests, fleeing from the surrounding Bolshevik army. To escape captivity or death in battle with a subsequent identification of their bodies and retaliation against their families, the insurgents decide to commit group suicide in a place hidden from the Bolsheviks. Only the youngest of the insurgents is left to bury the others' bodies and live on.

## Production and distribution

The premiere of the movie was scheduled for soon after the controversial referendum held by the authoritarian pro-Russian president Aliaksandr Lukashenka, but never took place as the only copy of the film had allegedly been stolen before the event. The copy was later found again.
According to media, the film was banned by Lukashenka's chief ideologist of that time, Vladimir Zametalin. Valery Ponomaryov, the film's director, was banned from further work in the film industry. The movie has been distributed illegally through VHS and DVD in Belarus and abroad.
On Black Ice was allegedly invited to participate in several international film festivals but Belarusfilm as the official right holder did not respond to the invitations.
# Charles Johnson (Royal Navy officer)

Admiral Charles Duncan Johnson, CB, DSO, MVO (26 March 1869 – 26 June 1930) was a Royal Navy officer who became Admiral Superintendent of Malta Dockyard.

## First-class cricket

While stationed in British India, Johnson played two first-class cricket matches for the Europeans cricket team in 1893.

## Naval career

Promoted to captain on 31 December 1909, Johnson became commanding officer of the cruiser HMS Drake in November 1911, commanding officer of the cruiser HMS Powerful in January 1912 and commanding officer of the cruiser HMS Minerva in December 1912 . He went on to be commanding officer of the cruiser HMS Dido in August 1913 and, having been promoted to commodore, became Second in Command of the Dover Patrol in November 1915 during the First World War. While at Dover he commanded the 6th Destroyer Flotilla in HMS Attentive.
For his assistance during the relief efforts of the 1908 Messina earthquake, he was appointed a Commander of the Order of the Crown of Italy in 1912. In 1915 he received letters on vellum in connection with operations during the sinking of submarine SM U-8. In 1916 he was appointed a Companion of the Distinguished Service Order, a Croix d'Officier of the Legion of Honour and a Commandeur of the Order of Leopold.
After the War, Johnson became commanding officer of the battleship HMS Marlborough in October 1918 and was appointed a Companion of the Order of the Bath "for valuable services in command of HMS Marlborough during the operations in Kaffa Bay, Russia" in 1919. He went on to be Rear Admiral, Reserve Fleet in April 1921 and Admiral Superintendent Malta Dockyard in February 1924 . He was promoted to vice admiral on 1 March 1926 and to full admiral on 8 May 1930.

### Grave

His grave is located at St Mary's Cemetery, Bolingbroke Grove, London.
# Cobweb painting

Cobweb painting, sometimes known as gossamer painting, is the delicate process of painting on canvases made from caterpillar and spider webs that have been collected, layered, cleaned, and framed. Fewer than 100 cobweb paintings are known to exist, many of which are housed in private collections.

## Introduction

Cobwebs are formed by spiders from protein and extruded from spinnerets to form fine nets. The stickiness of spiders' webs that allows them to adhere to form a 'canvas' is due to droplets of glue suspended on the gossamer threads.

## History

Web painting (Spinnwebenbilder) is first documented in the 16th century from the Puster Valley in the Austrian Tyrolean Alps, carried out by monks who produced paintings on canvases made entirely of spiders' webs or caterpillar silk. These religious miniatures were usually painted for convents, other religious institutions, the middle classes, and the minor aristocracy. Only around 100 are known to exist, primarily held in private collections.
Elias Prunner from the Puster Valley was the first secular artist to practice cobweb painting, and in 1765 he painted the Empress Maria Theresa. The celebrated beauty Philippine Welser (1527–1580) married Archduke Ferdinand II of Tyrol secretly, and she settled near Innsbruck, living in the Schloss Ambras. Small paintings of Philippine in oval shaped frames were sold to tourists by Franz Unterberger (1838–1902) of Innsbruck, an artist who employed other local artists to produce the portraits. These cobweb paintings were exported to England, North America and Germany in significant numbers.
In the 19th and early 20th century the cobweb artists of Innsbruck painted landscapes and scenes involving local peasants, as well as military engagements of the wars of independence. The industrial revolution gave many new themes for cobweb artists to paint. From 1920 onwards no new cobweb paintings from the Tyrol have been recorded.
Cobweb painting is still occasionally attempted.

## The cobweb canvas

The cobwebs obtained for the early Austrian example came from Agelenidae funnel-web spiders, whose gossamer sheets were collected in the form of a thin canvas, then put under tension to make an oval blank. The canvas can be strengthened by brushing diluted milk onto the web with great care. Considerable attention must be taken to clean the web, removing insect parts, spider droppings, etc. It is noted that people were employed specifically to collect the large amount of cobwebs required for the many canvases.

### Other webs canvases

Chester Cathedral possesses a cobweb image of the Virgin Mary, painted on the net of the moth caterpillar Yponomeuta evonymella, probably made by Johan Burgman (d. 1825) from the Tyrol, Austria. It is a copy of a painting by Lucas Cranach I (1472–1553) in Innsbruck Cathedral (Dom zu St. Jakob), Tyrol.

## The painting process

Oil paints can also be employed, and stippling is a technique that can be used to reduce the chance of damage to the canvas, however this can be very time-consuming. Chinese ink was also sometimes used.
# Dorothy Mackay

Dorothy Mary Mackay (née Simmons, 11 November 1881 – 8 February 1953) was a British archaeologist who worked in Egypt, Iraq, and sites of the Indus Valley civilisation.

## Personal life

Mackey was born Dorothy May Simmons at Croydon in 1881. She studied Greek and French at the University of London, graduating in 1902. She continued taking classes in botany, calculus, geology and zoology, gaining enough credits to graduate with a degree in zoology by 1909.
She was a member of the Croydon Branch of the Women's Social and Political Union.
In 1912, she married fellow archaeologist Ernest J. H. Mackay, with whom she often collaborated in later years.

## Career

In 1940, Mackey was appointed assistant keeper at the Department of Antiquities, Ashmolean Museum in Oxford, and between 1948–1951 she acted as curator at the Archaeological Museum of the American University of Beirut.

## Publications

* "Ancient Cities of Iraq. A Practical Handbook". Baghdad, K. Mackenzie. 1926.
* Mohenjo-daro. Bombay: Indian State Railways Publicity Department. 1929.
* "Beads from Taxila". Antiquity, 18(72). pp. 201–204. 1944.
* "Ancient River Beds and Dead Cities". Antiquity, 19(75). pp. 135–144. 1945.
* "The jewellery of Palmyra and its significance." Iraq 11(2). pp. 160-187. 1949.
* "A Guide to the Archaeological Collections in the University Museum". 1951. Beirut: American University of Beirut
* Mudun al-‘Iraq al-qadima. Transl. by Y.J. Miscony. Baghdad: ʻAhd Bagdad. 1952
# Tetraconodon

Tetraconodon was an extinct genus of even-toed ungulates that existed during the middle and late Miocene in Asia (India, Pakistan, Thailand, Myanmar).

## Description

The last two pairs of premolars of Tetraconodon were extremely large, while the first two premolars were small, a unique characteristic of tetraconodontinae not found in other suids.
Tetraconodon magnum was largest species, while T. malensis is the smallest. Originally known from only the oversized premolars, T. magnum was once believed to have reached sizes comparable to that of a hippopotamus or rhinoceros. Once more material was recovered, such size estimates were invalidated, but it was nonetheless a large suid.
# Jodi Jill

Jodi Jill (born January 29, 1971) is an American author best known for having been raised in a public storage facility.

## Early life

Jill was born in Albert Lea, Minnesota. In 1980, when she was nine years old, she, her parents, and her younger sister relocated to Loveland, Colorado, where the family moved into a 10-by-20-foot storage unit at Loveland Self Storage. Because the facility forbade living in the units, Jill's parents set strict rules for the children: they were not allowed out of the unit during the day, attend school, or interact with people outside the family. Neither Jill nor her siblings were ever enrolled in school.
The storage unit would remain Jill and her family’s residence for the next 13 years, during which time her parents had three more children.
A feature article about Jill in Marie Claire described the family’s “bizarre” living arrangement:
   With wood pilfered from construction sites, (Jill’s father) built a sleeping loft. For a toilet, everyone used the same bucket, emptied only once a day in a nearby ditch; to bathe, they filled another bucket from a spigot in the parking lot. A propane heater kept the temperature just above freezing.

## Writing career

Jill is the author of Tours for Free California and Tours for Free: Colorado. In 2004, Los Angeles Magazine called Tours for Free California the year’s “Best Offbeat Guide to L.A.”
# Wyckoff Bjerg Formation

The Wyckoff Bjerg Formation is a geologic formation in Greenland. It preserves fossils dating back to the Cambrian period.
# Dunnamaggin GAA

Dunnamaggin is a Gaelic Athletic Association club situated in the south of County Kilkenny, Ireland. The club was founded in 1897, but had to wait ninety-four years for its first senior county title, taking home the junior trophy in 1994.
Despite being based in one of the smallest parishes in the county, many Dunnamaggin hurlers have gone on to play with the Kilkenny intercounty team. The club also won the senior title in 1997.

## Honours

* Kilkenny Senior Hurling Championships (1): 1997
* Kilkenny Intermediate Hurling Championships (2): 1995, 2000
* Kilkenny Junior Hurling Championships (2): 1994, 2018
* Leinster Junior Club Hurling Championship (1): 2018
* All-Ireland Junior Club Hurling Championship (1): 2019
* Kilkenny Minor Hurling Championships (4): 1993, 1995, 1998, 2017
* Kilkenny Under-21 Hurling Championships (4): 1995, 1996, 1998, 1999

## Notable players

* Jim ‘Link’ Walsh
* Tom Walsh
* Tom Hickey
* Noel Hickey
* Canice Hickey
# CAREM

CAREM (Spanish: Central Argentina de Elementos Modulares) is a small modular reactor for electrical power generation under construction since 2014, near the city of Zárate, in the northern part of Buenos Aires province beside the Atucha I Nuclear Power Plant.

## Design

The reactor was integrally designed by CNEA (National Atomic Energy Commission), being the first power reactor designed by the country. It is basically a simplified pressurized water reactor (PWR) designed to have an electrical output of 25MW for the first prototype, 100MW in the following one. It is an integral reactor – the coolant system is inside the reactor vessel – so that the entire plant operates at the same pressure. This design minimizes the risk of loss-of-coolant accidents (LOCA). Its fuel is uranium oxide with a $^{235}$ U enrichment of 3.4% that needs to be replaced annually.$^{:20–22}$ The primary coolant system uses natural circulation, so there are no pumps required, which provides inherent safety against core meltdown, even in accident situations.

## History

In 1984 it was presented publicly for the first time during an IAEA conference in Peru. For political reasons the project was halted but was relaunched by the 2006 Argentine nuclear reactivation plan.
The 25 MWe prototype version of CAREM currently being built will be followed by a second one of 100–200 MWe to be installed in Formosa Province.
As of 2013, the first prototype was planned to receive its first fuel load in 2017. First concrete was poured in February 2014.
As of 2016, the completion of the project was scheduled for the end of 2018. Cost has been estimated to US$446-700 million. As of 2018, the start date was deferred to 2020.
In November 2019, construction was halted due to late payments to the contractor, design changes and late delivery of technical documentation. A new contract for finishing the concrete structures of the reactor was awarded in November 2021.
# Tuv

Tuv or TUV may refer to:

## Places

* TUV, the ISO 3166-1 country identifier for the South Pacific island nation Tuvalu
* Tuv Province, Mongolia
* Tuv, a village in Hemsedal, Buskerud, Norway

## Other uses

* Mahindra TUV 300, an Indian SUV
* Technischer Überwachungsverein, abbreviated TÜV, a German safety monitoring agency
* Toyota TUV, the Toyota Utility Vehicle
* Traditional Unionist Voice, a Northern Irish political party
* tuv, the ISO 639-3 language identifier for the Turkana language
# Mehdi Khelaifia

Mehdi Khelaifia (born 13 March 1985 in Algeria) is an Algerian footballer. He formerly played as a defender for Atlantis FC in the Finnish Ykkönen.

## Career

Khelaifia began his football career in the junior ranks of his hometown club of USM Annaba. During an international tournament with his club in France, he was spotted by Olympique Marseille scouts who quickly signed him to the academy. A regular member of the reserve side, he was not given a professional contract and he would eventually leave the club and sign with Atlantis FC in Finland.

## International

He has been capped for Algeria at the Under-23 level.

## Personal

He is the nephew of former Algerian international Yacine Slatni.
# Tetragraptus

Tetragraptus is an extinct genus of graptolites from the Ordovician period.

## Species

* T. akzharensis
* T. approximatus
* T. fruticosus
* T. insuetus

## Distribution

Fossils of Tetragraptus have been found in Argentina, Australia, Bolivia, Canada (Quebec, Yukon, Newfoundland and Labrador and Northwest Territories), Chile, China, Colombia (near Caño Cristales, Meta), the Czech Republic, France, Morocco, New Zealand, Norway, the Russian Federation, Spain, Sweden, the United Kingdom, and the United States (Alaska, Idaho, Nevada, Utah).
# Jewish Care (Australia)

Jewish Care is a philanthropic organisation that was originally founded to serve the Jewish population of Victoria, Australia. Today, Jewish Care run several aged care facilities and help peoples in poverty, disability services and rehabilitation and respite. It is located in Melbourne, Australia.

## History

The organisation was founded in 1948 as the Melbourne Jewish Philanthropic Society. Another organisation with the same name was established as early as 1892. In 1936, the organisation changed its name to the Australian Jewish Welfare Society.
In 2001, the organisation became Jewish Care after merging with Montefiore Homes, the largest Jewish aged care facility in Victoria.

## Activities

Jewish Care has several aged care facilities in addition to Montefiore Homes. These include Gary Smorgon House, and Munzer House. Jewish care also has respite centres and home care services.
Jewish Care also offers as interest free loans for Jewish entrepreneurs and their start ups, and partnerships with other communal organisations.
Jewish Care is listed by the JCCV's emergency response organisation, Jewish Emergency Management Provider (JEMP) as a part of the communal support network. Jewish Care was are slated to engage in over $180 million worth of building works, including $85 million for one building in St Kilda Rd.

## Controversy

In 2012, the families of some residents at Munzer House accused Jewish Care of substandard care at the facility. The families claimed that the situation was cause by staff and budget cuts. Examples of substandard care included rationing of sanitary pads, failure to look after the religious needs of the residents, and forcing residents to wait to go to the toilet for up to an hour.
The claims of neglect and elder abuse soon extended to other care facilities run by Jewish Care, including banning family members and serious neglect of the elderly residents. Some of the families contacted the Victorian Equal Opportunity and Human Rights Commission regarding the care at the facilities.
In 2013, Jewish Care began an inquiry that dealt with extensive child sexual abuse that happened at a children's home between 1939 and 1992, when it closed.
In 2015, the General Manager of Cultural & Spiritual Services, Meir Shlomo Kluwgant, was forced to resign following an abusive text message that he sent calling the father of a victim of sexual abuse a "lunatic".
In 2016, Jewish Care opened a confidential phone line to assist the Yeshivah Centre, Melbourne in their redress scheme for the victims of sexual abuse by the centre. The name of at least one of the victims was leaked by a board member of Jewish Care to the board of the Yeshiva Centre. This act allegedly led to the bullying and intimidation of the victim.
# Wyonycteris

Wyonycteris is a genus of small mammals that existed in the late Paleocene and early Eocene epochs. The type species is Wyonycteris chalix, which lived in Wyoming during the Clarkforkian North American Land Mammal Age of the Paleocene and was originally proposed to be an early form of insectivorous bat. Later re-examination of the material has put this alliance in doubt, and the genus has instead been proposed as belonging to the subfamily Placentidentinae, within the family Nyctitheriidae. Similar fossil material of the same time period found in Europe was later discovered and described as new species, Wyonycteris richardi.
Secord (2008) described the first known species of Wyonycteris from the Tiffanian NALMA, Wyonycteris galensis and W. microtis, although the status of both species as members of Wyonycteris has been questioned. The two largest species, W. primitivus and W. kingi, are known from the early Eocene of Mississippi and England, respectively.

## Evolutionary relationships

Wyonycteris is only known from dental remains. It is characterized by W-shaped crests on the outer side of the upper molars, a trait that it shares with most insectivorous bats. However, Wyonycteris possesses a number of additional cusps on the upper molars that are not present in bats leading many researchers to conclude that it is more closely related to the extinct insectivorous family Nyctitheriidae. A recent phylogenetic analysis found most species of Wyonycteris to be within the family Nyctitheriidae, most closely related to the genus Pontifactor. Wyonycteris microtis was found to be very distantly related to the other species of Wyonycteris, outside the family Nyctitheriidae and more closely related mammal to bats alongside genus Eosoricodon.
Rose et al. (2012) compared Wyonycteris to the genus Plagioctenoides and concluded that the two may in fact belong to the same genus. If this is the case, the correct genus name would be Plagioctenoides since it was formally named first.

## Distribution
### Paleocene

* Tiffanian
** Polecat Bench Formation, Wyoming
* Clarkforkian
** Willwood Formation, Wyoming

### Eocene

* Tienen Formation, Belgium
* Woolwich and Blackheath Beds Formations, England
* Argiles d'lignite du Soissonnais Formation, France
* Wasatchian
** Tuscahoma Formation, Mississippi
** Wasatch and Willwood Formations, Wyoming