OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Toronto Mechanics' Institute

The Toronto Mechanics' Institute, originally named the York Mechanics' Institute, was an educational institution in 19th century Toronto that became the city's first public library. It was one of a series of mechanics' institutes that were set up around the world after becoming popular in Britain. Established in 1830, it was designed to provide technical and adult education.
Paying members had access to lectures, courses, and a library. In 1853 the Institute erected a new permanent home at the corner of Church and Adelaide Streets, but it struggled to attract new paying members. In 1883 the Institute was thus transformed into a municipally-supported public reference library. The idea was promoted by alderman John Hallam, but it met considerable resistance in city council. No other city in Canada at this time had a completely free public library. Hallam brought the initiative to a public referendum, and the citizens of Toronto voted in its favour on January 1, 1883. The 5,000 book collection of the Mechanics' Institute became the first books of the Toronto Public Library and James Bain was selected as the first chief librarian. As chief librarian, he focused on building the library's special collection documenting Canadian history. He also applied to Andrew Carnegie for a grant to build more branches and to replace the Mechanics' Institute as the central reference library.
The building remained the main branch of the Toronto Public Library until 1909 when the Carnegie grant allowed the library to open its new location at College and St. George (today the Koffler Centre). It remained a library branch until 1927, and was torn down in 1949. Today a condominium complex (84 Adelaide Street East) stands on the site, although it is marked with a heritage plaque.
# JS Akebono (DD-108)

JS Akebono (DD-108) is the eighth ship of Murasame-class destroyers. She was commissioned on 19 March 2002.

## Design

The hull design was completely renovated from first-generation destroyers. In addition to increasing the size in order to reduce the underwater radiation noise, both the superstructure and hull were inclined to reduce the radar cross-section. There is however no angled tripod mainmast like the one of the American Arleigh Burke-class destroyer because of the heavy weather of the Sea of Japan in winter. The aft was designed like a "mini-Oranda-zaka" as with the Kongō class to avoid interference between helicopters and mooring devices. Destroyers built under the First Defense Build-up Plan, including the former Murasame class, adopted a unique long forecastle style called "Oranda-zaka".
The engine arrangement is COGAG as same as Asagiri class, but a pair of engines are updated to Spey SM1C. The remaining one pair were replaced with LM2500 versions, same as in the Kongō class.

## Construction and career

Akebono was laid down on 29 October 1999 at IHI Corporation Tokyo as the 1997 plan and launched on 25 September 2000. The vessel was commissioned on 19 March 2002, and was incorporated into the 4th Escort Corps and deployed to Kure.
In June 2019, Akebono was dispatched to additionally participate in the 2019 Indo-Pacific dispatch training in which the vessels JS Izumo and JS Murasame were participating. The destroyer conducted joint training with the navies of each country in the Indo-Pacific region during the deployment.
On 7 April 2024, Akebono conducted a joint patrol in the South China Sea with BRP Antonio Luna and BRP Valentin Diaz of the Philippine Navy, USS Mobile of the US Navy, and HMAS Warramunga of the Royal Australian Navy. This marked the first multinational patrol among the nations.

## Gallery

* JS Akebono leaving Pearl Harbor on 6 July 2010.
* JS Akebono and USS Lake Erie on 14 July 2010.
* JS Akebono underway on 14 July 2010.
* JS Akebono underway on 14 July 2010.
* JS Akebono, JS Murasame and JS Izumo on 26 July 2019.

## Citations

* ↑ "DD-101 Murasame Class". www.globalsecurity.org. Retrieved 1 November 2020.
* 1 2 Abe 2000, pp. 152–157.
* ↑ "\平成３１年度インド太平洋方面派遣訓練の実施について" (PDF) (Press release) (in Japanese). Japan Maritime Self-Defense Force. Retrieved 6 June 2022.
* ↑ Lariosa, Aaron-Matthew (7 April 2024). "U.S., Japanese and Australian Warships Join Philippine Forces in South China Sea Patrol". USNI News. Retrieved 23 April 2024.
# Robert Hall (MP for York)

Robert Hall was one of two Members of the Parliament of England for the constituency of York on two occasions between 1545–47 and October 1553 and April 1554 .

## Life and politics

Robert was born about 1497 to Robert Hall of Leventhorpe. He married Jane Harrington and had at least three sons and four daughters. His daughter Katherine would marry the son of York MP, Robert Paycock. His son, Leonard, would become a freeman of York in 1565 and marry Mary Peacock in All Saints' Church on 6 September 1562. His daughter Mary would marry Thomas Sotheby of Bishop Wilton. Elizabeth would marry John Harrison.
He became a member of the Corpus Christi Guild in 1518 and then the Merchant Guild in 1521. He was appointed as a constable of the city of York in 1530 and was a senior chamberlain in 1533. The following year became a member of the "twenty four". In 1538 he became an alderman and remained so until his death. He served two terms as Lord Mayor in 1542 and 1558.
The Hall family were minor gentry in the county of Yorkshire. His early career included selling glass for Sheriff Hutton castle in 1537. He was also a trader in lead and had been set to make a small fortune form supplying the Netherlands and Bordeaux in 1552 when an embargo was imposed. He would still become one of the wealthiest laymen in the city. He lived in the parish of Christ Church on Goodramgate. He was mayor when Henry VIII visited the city on 15 September 1541. At the beginning his second term as mayor, the city council sent spies to Scarborough during the rebellions of 1554–57.
He was chosen to be MP for the city on two occasions in 1545-47 and the short session between October 1553 and April 1554. His first term was occupied with obtaining economic benefits for the city.
He died on 5 October 1565 and left an extensive will. An initial bequest of twelve pounds to the poor of the city was added to by an annual gift of four pounds. His children would get a one third share of his goods, while he left his properties to his wife and children. It is noteworthy that he named as one of the supervisors of his will as one Edward Fawkes, father of the 1605 conspiracy, Guy Fawkes.
# Balaenoptera siberi

Balaenoptera siberi is an extinct species of baleen whale from the Late Miocene, described by Pilleri and Pilleri in 1989, based on fossils found in the Pisco Formation of the Pisco Basin in southwestern Peru.

## Description

The baleen whale fossils comprise a complete skeleton, including the skull, baleen, mandibles, flippers, and vertebral column. The holotype fossils are housed in a private collection, belonging to Allejandro Pezzia Asserto, while a paratype is stored in the Staatliches Museum für Naturkunde in Stuttgart, Germany. The skull of the whale has a length of 228 centimetres (7.48 ft) and a width of 111 centimetres (44 in) and intermediate in size between Balaenoptera acutorostrata and B. borealis.

### Age

Fossils of the species were found in two different locations in the Pisco Formation; Aguada de Lomas, and Sacaco (SAO horizon). At time of description of the species, the sediments at Aguada de Loma ranged in age from the Late Miocene to Late Pliocene, with the layer the fossils were found dated to about 8 Ma (Huayquerian). Subsequent dating of the sediments by Marx and Fordyce in 2015 gave a late Tortonian to early Messinian range of 7.0 to 8.0 Ma.
The sediments at Sacaco were previously thought to be early Late Pliocene (3.9 Ma), while Ehret et al. in 2012 defined a Messinian age of more than 5.75 Ma for this unit of the Pisco Formation.

## Paleoecology

The Pisco Formation has provided many fossils of marine mammals, including several toothed whales (Acrophyseter, Koristocetus, Scaphokogia, Livyatan and more), other baleen whales (Incakujira, Miocaperea and Piscobalaena, among others), porpoises (Lomacetus and Piscolithax), seals (Hadrokirus, Piscophoca and Australophoca), marine (Hemisyntrachelus) and river dolphins (Brachydelphis and Brujadelphis), and the swimming sloth Thalassocnus. Additionally, fossil penguins and other birds (such as Pelagornis) and shark teeth, among others of megalodon, were found in the fossiliferous Pisco Formation.
# Pavel Richter

Pavel Richter (born 5 December 1954, in Prague) is a Czech former professional ice hockey forward who played for the Czechoslovak national team. He won a silver medal at the 1984 Winter Olympics.
Richter played in the Czechoslovak First Ice Hockey League for TJ ČKD Sparta Praha and ASVŠ Dukla Trenčín between 1973 and 1985.

## Career statistics
### Regular season and playoffs

| | | | Regular season | Regular season | Regular season | Regular season | Regular season | Playoffs | Playoffs | Playoffs | Playoffs | Playoffs |
| Season | Team | League | GP | G | A | Pts | PIM | GP | G | A | Pts | PIM |
| 1974–75 | TJ Sparta ČKD Praha | TCH | | | | | | | | | | |
| 1975–76 | TJ Sparta ČKD Praha | TCH | | | | | | | | | | |
| 1976–77 | TJ Sparta ČKD Praha | TCH | | | | | | | | | | |
| 1977–78 | TJ Sparta ČKD Praha | TCH | 44 | 19 | 15 | 34 | 39 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1979–80 | ASVŠ Dukla Trenčín | TCH | 44 | 16 | 16 | 32 | 26 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1980–81 | TJ Sparta ČKD Praha | TCH | 33 | 12 | 21 | 33 | 20 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1981–82 | TJ Sparta ČKD Praha | TCH | 33 | 11 | 16 | 27 | 40 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1982–83 | TJ Sparta ČKD Praha | TCH | 44 | 20 | 44 | 64 | 18 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1983–84 | TJ Sparta ČKD Praha | TCH | 44 | 15 | 26 | 41 | 51 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1984–85 | TJ Sparta ČKD Praha | TCH | 41 | 16 | 20 | 36 | 49 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 1985–86 | EHC Kloten | NDA | 30 | 17 | 23 | 40 | 20 | 5 | 4 | 6 | 10 | 2 |
| 1986–87 | ESV Kaufbeuren | 1.GBun | 35 | 28 | 28 | 56 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| TCH totals | TCH totals | TCH totals | 283 | 109 | 158 | 267 | 243 | — | — | — | — | — |

### International

| Year | Team | Event | GP | G | A | Pts | PIM |
| 1973 | Czechoslovakia | EJC | 5 | 4 | 4 | 8 | 2 |
| 1974 | Czechoslovakia | WJC | | | | | |
| 1978 | Czechoslovakia | WC | 9 | 2 | 3 | 5 | 6 |
| 1981 | Czechoslovakia | WC | 8 | 4 | 4 | 8 | 6 |
| 1981 | Czechoslovakia | CC | 3 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 2 |
| 1982 | Czechoslovakia | WC | 10 | 2 | 1 | 3 | 6 |
| 1984 | Czechoslovakia | OG | 7 | 2 | 5 | 7 | 4 |
| 1985 | Czechoslovakia | WC | 10 | 3 | 4 | 7 | 14 |
| Senior totals | Senior totals | Senior totals | 57 | 15 | 23 | 38 | 46 |
# Harvey Livett

Harvey Livett (born 4 January 1997) is a professional rugby league footballer who plays as a second-row forward or centre for the Huddersfield Giants in the Super League, and the England Knights at international level.
He played for the Warrington Wolves in the Super League, and spent time on loan from Warrington at the Rochdale Hornets in the Championship and Hull Kingston Rovers in the Super League.

## Background

He is the son of the rugby league centre who played in the 1990s and 2000s for Workington Town, and Woolston Rovers ARLFC; Peter Livett.

## Career
### Warrington Wolves

In 2017, he made his Super League début for the Warrington club against the Catalans Dragons, having previously played in pre-season friendlies.
Livett made a short appearance during the 2017 World Club Series match against the Brisbane Broncos in which Warrington were victors 27–18. He then became an important part of the Warrington team during 2017, scoring two tries and converting 10 goals. In one match, he scored a try and kicked six goals in a 40–18 victory against St Helens. Livett played in the 2018 Challenge Cup Final defeat to the Catalans Dragons at Wembley Stadium. On 17 June 2019, Livett joined fellow Super League side Hull Kingston Rovers on a months loan.

### Salford

On 11 December 2020 it was announced that Livett would join Salford on a two-year deal for the 2021 season.

### Huddersfield Giants

On 12 October 2022, it was announced that Livett would join Huddersfield Giants on a three-year deal for the 2023 season. Livett only featured in eight matches for Huddersfield in the 2023 Super League season as the club finished ninth on the table and missed the playoffs. Livett was limited to only eight appearances with Huddersfield in the 2024 Super League season which saw the club finish 9th on the table.

## International career

In July 2018 he was selected in the England Knights Performance squad. Later that year he was selected for the England Knights on their tour of Papua New Guinea. He played against Papua New Guinea at the Oil Search National Football Stadium.
# Carlos Pomares

Carlos Pomares Rayo (born 5 December 1992) is a Spanish professional footballer who plays for Real Oviedo as a left back.

## Club career

Born in Valencia, Pomares left Alboraya UD in June 2009 after agreeing to a three-year deal with Sheffield United. After failing to make the breakthrough to the first team, he returned to his home country on 16 August 2012 after signing for Segunda División B side Huracán Valencia CF.
Pomares only made his senior debut on 4 January 2013, coming on as a late substitute for José Luis Capdevila in a 2–1 home win against CF Badalona. He scored his first goal on 1 June, netting the second in a 3–0 home win against Lucena CF which ensured his team's qualification to the following round of the play-offs.
On 5 June 2014 Pomares moved to Levante UD, being assigned to the reserves in Tercera División. On 17 July of the following year he joined third-tier club Barakaldo CF, and was an ever-present figure during the season.
On 16 July 2016, Pomares signed with fellow third-division side Lorca FC. An undisputed starter, he contributed with 36 appearances (play-offs included) and one goal as his side achieved promotion to Segunda División for the first time ever.
Pomares made his professional debut on 18 August 2017, starting in a 2–0 home win against Cultural y Deportiva Leonesa. He scored his first goal the following 19 May, netting his team's only in a 1–5 home loss against Real Valladolid.
On 7 August 2018, after Lorca's relegation, Pomares signed a two-year deal with Extremadura UD still in the second division. Roughly one year later, he terminated his contract with the club, and subsequently signed a one-year deal with fellow league team AD Alcorcón.
On 16 August 2020, Pomares signed a two-year contract with CD Tenerife. On 7 July 2022, he moved to fellow second division side Real Oviedo also on a two-year deal.
# Twifo Praso

Twifu Praso is a town and is the district capital of Twifu/Atii/Morkwaa District Assembly of the Central Region of Ghana.

## Transport

Twifo Praso was previously served by a station on the central cross-country line of the national railway system. The railroad is presently defunct, although the rails are for the most part still present.
# Breda Formation

The Breda Formation (Dutch: Formatie van Breda; abbreviation: BR) is a geologic formation in the subsurface of the Netherlands. The formation consists of marine glauconiferous sands and clays that were deposited during the Miocene epoch. Although the formation is not very rich in fossils, sometimes bones of fishes, mammals (Leptophoca cf. proxima, Protophocaena minima), shells and shark teeth (a.o of megalodon) are found.

## Stratigraphy and lithology

The Breda Formation was deposited in the shallow sea that covered the Netherlands during the Miocene. It is mostly on top of the Oligocene clays of the Rupel Formation or late Oligocene sands and clays of the Veldhoven Formation. The Breda Formation can be a couple of meters (in the Roerdal Graben) to more than 700 metres (2,300 ft) thick. The top is formed by an erosional disconformity in the south and east of the Netherlands. In the west the contact with the Pliocene Oosterhout Formation is more gradual. In the Roerdal Graben the mostly Pliocene Kiezeloolite Formation is sometimes on top of the Breda Formation.
Locally the Breda Formation can be subdivided into members: the Aalten Member (silty calcareous clay, rich in shells), the Eibergen Member (clay alternating with thin sand layers, with a basal conglomerate in which shark teeth and whale bones were found), the Zenderen Member (green, glauconiferous fine sand) and the Delden Member (sandy, glauconite and goethite bearing clay and loam.
The Breda Formation corresponds largely with the Berchem Formation of northern Belgium.
# Johan Zulch de Villiers

Johan Zulch de Villiers (12 July 1845 – 18 July 1910) was a South African politician and attorney. He was mayor of Johannesburg from 1897 to 1900.

## Life

Johan Zulch de Villiers was born in 1845 in Paarl, Cape Colony. He was educated at the Paarl gymnasium as well as privately by Dr. Rose Innes at Cape Town. For fifteen months he joined the Orange Free State forces in the Basuto Gun War. He passed as an attorney and was an advocate of the High Court. He then entered civil service becoming the private secretary to President Johannes Brand. Between 1881 and 1897 de Villiers was the landdrost of several towns including Pretoria, Barberton and Lydenburg. He also worked in Swaziland. The government appointed him as the first mayor (Dutch: burgemeester) of Johannesburg on 1 October 1897. The first meeting of the town council was held on 4 October 1897. He was the mayor until Johannesburg's surrender to Frederick Roberts on 31 May 1900 during the Second Boer War. The British then appointed Colonel Walter Alfred John O'Meara as the new mayor and administrator of the city. De Villiers died in Pretoria in 1910 at the age of 65.

## Personal life

He is a member of the de Villiers family who are of French Huguenot descent. On 1 November 1870 he married Susanna Margaretha de Villiers, the first cousin of John de Villiers, 1st Baron de Villiers. They had 8 children: Rachel Gerhardina, Secondus Petrus, Anna Matilda, Margaretha, Johan Zulch Voight, George Ferdinan Esselen, Ludowicus van der Merwe, and Septima Elizabeth Bland. His daughter Anna Matilda later married George Wreford Hudson, the master and registrar of the Swaziland court.
# We Didn't Learn This

We Didn't Learn This (Russian: Это мы не проходили, romanized: Zto my ne prokhodili) is a 1975 Soviet teen drama film directed by Ilya Frez.

## Plot

The film tells about the students of a pedagogical university who go to practice, where they pass difficult exams every day, both in front of teachers and schoolchildren.

## Cast

* Natalya Rychagova as Lena Yakusheva (as N. Rygachova)
* Boris Tokarev as Yuray Ryabinin (as B. Tokarev)
* Tatyana Kanaeva as Mila Khodzitskaya (as T. Kanaeva)
* Andrey Rostotskiy as Mitya Krasikov (as A. Rostotskiy)
* Irina Kalinovskaya as Ira (as A.Kalinovskaya)
* Antonina Maksimova as Galina Petrovna (as A. Maksimova)
* Tatyana Pelttser as Nadezhda Aleksandrovna (as T. Pelttser)
* Nina Zotkina as Valya Kuleshova (as N. Zotkina)
* Roman Tkachuk as Aleksandr Pavlovich Krasikov
* Natalya Zashchipina as Nina Krasikova
# Roni (mascot)

Roni is the Olympic mascot of the 1980 Winter Olympics in Lake Placid, created by Don Moss. The mascot is a raccoon, which is a familiar animal from the mountainous region of the Adirondacks where Lake Placid is situated. The name Roni comes from the word racoon in Iroquoian, the language of the native people from the region of the State of New York and Lake Placid, and was chosen by Lake Placid school children.
Part of his face and the black-and-white mask around his eyes are a nod to the sunglasses and hat worn by competitors. There are different versions of Roni, practising different sports and the five colours of the Olympic rings can be found on some versions.
Lake Placid had a live four-legged mascot, a raccoon called Rocky. Before the Games started he was controversially replaced by a costumed human mascot renamed Roni.
Serving as the face of the XIII Olympic Winter Games, Hawaiian-American Kriss Lambert performed as Roni Raccoon attired head-to-toe inside a 2-meter (6'6") raccoon outfit. Kriss was filmed doing every event - except ski jump - prior to the Olympic Games, with the taped footage televised during the Games to introduce each event. Lambert also popularly represented the 1980 Lake Placid Olympics at major events such as the Macy's Day Parade, Super Bowl XIV, etc. in lead-up to the Olympic Games. He was rinkside generating excitement during the men's ice hockey medal-round game between four-time defending gold medalists USSR and hosts USA which the USA won 4-3 (the so-called "Miracle on Ice" - an iconic highlight of the Games).
# Taj Building, Nowshera

Taj Building is a historic building located on the main Grand Trunk Road in Nowshera, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. Formerly, it housed two film theaters where Pashto films used to premiere.

## History

It was built in the 1920s and was funded by Khan Bahadur Taj Muhammad Khan. The building was made using Oriental, Roman, Gothic and Islamic architectural designs.
# G. Marcus Cole

G. Marcus Cole is an American legal scholar on bankruptcy law. He serves as the Joseph A. Matson Dean and Professor of Law at the Notre Dame Law School. His field of study is in the law of bankruptcy, corporate reorganization, and venture capital.

## Biography
### Education

Cole received a Bachelor of Science with a major in applied economics from Cornell University in 1989 and a Juris Doctor from Northwestern University in 1993.

### Career

Cole became an associate with the Chicago law firm of Mayer Brown, and then clerked for Judge Morris S. Arnold of the United States Court of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit.
He joined the faculty of Stanford Law School in 1997 and was Wm. Benjamin Scott and Luna M. Scott professor of law. He also taught for Law Preview, the law school prep course.
In January 2019, Cole was appointed Joseph A. Matson Dean of the Law School and professor of law at the University of Notre Dame by university president John I. Jenkins, effective on July 1, 2019.

### Social engagement

Cole has also served on the editorial board of the Cato Supreme Court Review, the advisory board of the Independent Institute's Center on Culture and Civil Society, the academic advisory board of BARBRI, and as a member of the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit’s Bankruptcy Judicial Advisory Committee.
Cole served on the board of include the Central Pacific Region of the Anti-Defamation League of B’nai B’rith and Businesses United in Investing, Lending and Development (BUILD). He also served as president of the board of directors of Rocketship Education and was served on the board of trustees of Bellarmine College Preparatory.

## Personal life

Cole is a practicing Catholic. His son, Claude, plays football at the University of Wyoming.

## Publications

* Delaware is Not a State: Are We Witnessing Jurisdictional Competition in Bankruptcy?, 55 Vanderbilt Law Review 1845-1916 (November 2002).