OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# John Clayton Adams

John Clayton Adams or J. Clayton Adams (26 January 1840 – 20 June 1906) was an English landscape artist.

## Life

Adams was born as the second son of Mr. C.H. Adams in Edmonton, Middlesex (now in Greater London), and studied art at the Bloomsbury School and later under William Wilthieu Fenn.
He first exhibited at the Royal Academy, London, when he was 19, and, throughout the period 1863 to 1893, exhibited 75 pictures there, and 25 at the Royal Society of British Artists.
In 1873 Adams moved to "Brackenhurst", Ewhurst Hill, near Guildford. Most of his landscapes depict scenes from counties in southern England, particularly Surrey. However, he also painted a few Scottish works featuring the River Tweed.

## Work

Following the example of Benjamin Williams Leader, George Cole and his son George Vicat Cole, Adams produced pleasantly naturalistic landscapes, truthful in detail but in general idealised. His paintings are characterised by a broad technique, the use of rich colour and a sensitive handling of light. Harvest scenes were a favourite subject throughout his life and many of his exhibits at the Royal Academy explore this theme.
Most of his paintings are signed "J. Clayton Adams".
Adam's paintings can be found in many art galleries in the UK including the Victoria and Albert Museum, Sheffield City Art Galleries, Sheffield, and many other regional centres.

### Paintings (selected)

* The Gravel Pit (1872)
* Harvest Time (1874)
* The evening sun (1878)
* Flowers of the field (1880)
* After the shower (1886)
* Evening reflection (1887)
* Returning from the Harvest
* A Surrey Lane (1890)
# Toronto Film Critics Association Awards 2019

The 23rd Toronto Film Critics Association Awards, honoring the best in film for 2019, were awarded on December 8, 2019.

## Winners

| Category | Winners and nominees | Films |
| Best Film | Bong Joon-ho | Parasite |
| Best Film | Noah Baumbach | Marriage Story |
| Best Film | Martin Scorsese | The Irishman |
| Best Canadian Film | Kathleen Hepburn and Elle-Máijá Tailfeathers | The Body Remembers When the World Broke Open |
| Best Canadian Film | Sophie Deraspe | Antigone |
| Best Canadian Film | Jasmin Mozaffari | Firecrackers |
| Best Actor | Adam Driver | Marriage Story |
| Best Actor | Antonio Banderas | Pain and Glory |
| Best Actor | Adam Sandler | Uncut Gems |
| Best Actress | Lupita Nyong'o | Us |
| Best Actress | Scarlett Johansson | Marriage Story |
| Best Actress | Renée Zellweger | Judy |
| Best Supporting Actor | Brad Pitt | Once Upon a Time in Hollywood |
| Best Supporting Actor | Willem Dafoe | The Lighthouse |
| Best Supporting Actor | Joe Pesci | The Irishman |
| Best Supporting Actress | Laura Dern | Marriage Story |
| Best Supporting Actress | Julia Fox | Uncut Gems |
| Best Supporting Actress | Florence Pugh | Little Women |
| Best Director | Bong Joon-ho | Parasite |
| Best Director | Noah Baumbach | Marriage Story |
| Best Director | Martin Scorsese | The Irishman |
| Best Screenplay | Steven Zaillian | The Irishman |
| Best Screenplay | Noah Baumbach | Marriage Story |
| Best Screenplay | Bong Joon-ho and Han Jin-won | Parasite |
| Best First Feature | Olivia Wilde | Booksmart |
| Best First Feature | Mati Diop | Atlantics |
| Best First Feature | Melina Matsoukas | Queen & Slim |
| Best Animated Film | Chris Butler | Missing Link |
| Best Animated Film | Chris Buck and Jennifer Lee | Frozen II |
| Best Animated Film | Josh Cooley | Toy Story 4 |
| Best Animated Film | Dean DeBlois | How to Train Your Dragon: The Hidden World |
| Best Foreign-Language Film | Bong Joon-ho | Parasite |
| Best Foreign-Language Film | Pedro Almodovar | Pain and Glory |
| Best Foreign-Language Film | Céline Sciamma | Portrait of a Lady on Fire |
| Best Documentary Film | Steven Bognar and Julia Reichert | American Factory |
| Best Documentary Film | Feras Fayyad | The Cave |
| Best Documentary Film | Todd Douglas Miller | Apollo 11 |
# Gildea

Gildea is a surname.
Although spelled "Gildea", the name is pronounced "gill-day", rhyming with the Irish surname "O'Shea".
Notable people with the surname include:
* Damien Gildea (born 1969), Australian mountaineer and Antarctic explorer
** the Gildea Glacier is named after him
* Harry Gildea (1890–1917), Scottish footballer
* James Gildea (1838–1920), British Army officer and philanthropist
* James H. Gildea (1890–1988), American newspaperman and Democratic member of the US House of Representatives
* John Gildea, Irish Gaelic footballer
* Johnny Gildea (1910–79), American football player
* Lorie Skjerven Gildea, (born 1961), attorney and Chief Justice of the Minnesota Supreme Court
* Peter Gildea (1883–1940), Scottish footballer
* Robert Gildea (born 1952), professor of Modern History at Oxford University
* Tom Gildea (born 1939), Irish independent politician
* Willie Gildea (born 1888), Scottish footballer
# Jennings House (Annapolis, Maryland)

Jennings House, located in Annapolis, Maryland, was the residence of the governors of Maryland from 1777 until 1870, when it was replaced by Government House. The building was sold to the United States Naval Academy in 1869 for $25,000 (equivalent to $572,000 in 2023). It was demolished in 1901.
Governor George Howard, son of Governor John Eager Howard, was born in Jennings House in 1789.
# Lander Van Steenbrugghe

Lander Van Steenbrugghe (born 27 November 1986 in Oudenaarde) is a Belgian footballer, who is currently playing for KVVV Ardennen in the Belgian Provincial leagues.

## Career

At Zulte Waregem, Van Steenbrugghe played 35 matches at the highest level of Belgian football between 2005 and 2008, winning also the 2005–06 Belgian Cup. The season thereafter he also played three matches in the 2006–07 UEFA Cup. Zulte Waregem sent Van Steenbrugghe out on loan to Belgian Second Division team OH Leuven for the 2008-09 season, a loan which was extended by another season until the summer of 2010. Thereafter, he moved to Roeselare, before signing with Oostende in November 2011. In the summer of 2013, after just being promoted with Oostende to the Belgian Pro League, Van Steenbrugghe moved to Eendracht Aalst.
# Charles Coleman (English painter)

Charles Coleman (c. 1807 – 1874) was a British landscape and animal painter, born in Pontefract, in Yorkshire, England. He was active principally in Rome, where was an important influence on Nino Costa and made a significant contribution to the formation of the Campagna Romana School of painting.

## Life

Coleman first went to Rome in 1831 to study the paintings of Michelangelo and Raphael.$^{:14}$ He became permanently resident there in 1835, and on 21 June 1836 married Fortunata Segadori (or Segatori) from Subiaco, who, along with Vittoria Caldoni of Albano, was one of the most famous Roman models of the time.$^{:247}$ Segadori had sat for August Riedel;$^{:490}$ a portrait of her by Johann Heinrich Richter is in the Thorvaldsen Museum in Copenhagen. The couple had eight children; their son Enrico Coleman (1846–1911), was also a landscape painter, in oils and watercolour, as was the younger and less well-known Francesco Coleman. The Colemans' first address was 25 via Zucchelli.$^{:247}$ In 1869 the family moved to 16 via Zucchelli, and for the first time Coleman set up a separate studio, at 33 via Margutta, possibly with the intention of providing space for his two painter sons.$^{:247}$

## Works

Four of his paintings, dated from 1845 to 1847 and all featuring buffaloes, are listed in the catalogue of the collection of Beriah Botfield.$^{:11}$ From 1848 to 1850 he made etchings of scenes and animals in the Campagna Romana, and these were published in 1850 as A Series of Subjects peculiar to the Campagna of Rome and Pontine Marshes, designed from nature and etched by C. Coleman. He was dismissive of academic teaching, believing that observation from nature was the best education for an artist.$^{:88}$ He exhibited five times at the Royal Academy of London, for the last time in 1869.$^{:247}$
Coleman remained largely unknown in his native country but became a major influence on the Italian landscape painter Nino Costa, whom he met in the Campagna in the early 1850s.$^{:56}$ Coleman was considered the founder of the "Campagna Romana" school of painting in Italy.$^{:88}$
He died in Rome in 1874.

## Published works

* A Series of Subjects peculiar to the Campagna of Rome and Pontine Marshes, designed from nature and etched by C. Coleman Rome: [s.n.] 1850.
# Fo Guang Buddhist Temple Boston

The Fo Guang Buddhist Temple of Boston (FGBTB) (Chinese: 佛光山波士頓三佛中心; pinyin: Fóguāng Shān Bōshìdùn Sān Fó Zhōngxīn) is a branch of the Fo Guang Shan international Chinese Mahāyāna Buddhist order. It is the first temple that Fo Guang Shan Temple established in Massachusetts.
In 1990 Ven. Hsin Ting and Hui Kai were invited by Boston Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) to give Dharma talks and subsequently Venerable Hui Chuan was invited to give a talk on Humanistic Buddhism. In 1997, Venerable Master Hsing Yun, the founder of FGBT Boston gave a public talk in Billerica with more than 300 people attended and from there they established the Buddha's Light International Association Boston sub-chapter. In 1998 Fo Guang Shan Temple purchased a restaurant located on Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, in between Harvard University and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, to propagate Dharma in Boston. This place was named as the Fo Guang Shan Triple Buddha's Center (also known as Greater Boston Buddhist Cultural Center (International Buddhist Progress Society)) which in Chinese means the “Harvard, Fo Guang Shan and Buddha's Light Center” and the opening ceremony was held on January 3, 1999. The center was operated as a teahouse and a bookstore, however, the center also includes all kind of interest classes including reading group, English meditation class, Children meditation class, and Dharma with Dinner session etc. The center services all range of local communities, especially the professors and students from Harvard University and MIT. The center also had many interactions with the local Buddhist communities and religious groups. Due to the growth of the members and also the limitation of the venue, in 2014 Fo Guang Buddhist Temple of Boston moved shifted to 711 Concord Ave, Cambridge, MA 01238.
# Ko Kyung-soo

Ko Kyung-soo (born 5 February 1985) is a South Korean handball player who competed in the 2008 Summer Olympics and 2012 Summer Olympics.
# Epistola ad Geruntium

The Epistola ad Geruntium ("Epistle to Gerunt") is a letter written by Aldhelm, abbot of Malmesbury to Geraint, King of Dumnonia, about the late 7th - early 8th century. The letter concerns disagreements between Roman Catholic and Celtic Christianity that were discussed by the Council of Hereford.

## Letter

The manuscript is uniquely presereved in the Codex Vindobonensis 751, in the papers of Lul, archbishop of Mainz, who was an alumnus of Malmesbury. According to Bede, Aldhelm also wrote a book on the same topic, by which he "led many of the Britons who were subject to the West Saxons to adopt the Catholic celebration of Easter and of our Lord". It is not known whether the Bede's mention of the "remarkable book" refers to the surviving letter or a different, lost work. William of Malmesbury (Gesta pontificum Anglorum p. 361) thought it had been destroyed by the Britons.
In the letter, Aldhelm raises two specific criticisms of the Celtic Christian then being practiced in Geraint's kingdom:
* The adoption of the petrine tonsure
* The dating of Easter
Geraint's clergy did not celebrate the Catholic Easter as decreed by the Council of Nicaea, despite this receiving papal mandate. In short, Aldhelm's reasoning was that any such people could not be considered part of the Orthodox church. As Finberg observes, ‘there is an undertone of implication’ as to the consequences should the Dumnonians fail to take appropriate action.
# Richard Wingfield (MP for Portsmouth)

Sir Richard Wingfield (c. 1510 – 1557/59), of Portsmouth, Hampshire, was an English politician.
He was a Member (MP) of the Parliament of England for Portsmouth in March 1553.
# Rachel Mackley

Rachel Mackley (born 9 November 1982) is an English broadcaster.
Mackley grew up in Yorkshire and studied Fine Art at Newcastle University.
Following university, she worked in public relations in Edinburgh, before embarking on a journalism career in 2007 at Leeds Trinity and All Saints College with the help of an ITV bursary.
After working for three years at ITV Anglia, Mackley moved to the BBC in 2011 on South East Today as the weather forecaster.
When the Aegon International tennis tournament returned to Eastbourne in East Sussex to celebrate its 40th anniversary, Mackley took part in a celebrity match on 17 June 2014. Prior to the match, she was coached by Leon Smith and presented a short section on the tournament on South East Today.

## Personal life

Mackley, her partner Oliver and their children live in London.
On 19 February 2016 Mackley fainted live on air.
Mackley is keen runner and took part in the Hampton Court Half Marathon 2017
# India at the 1964 Winter Olympics

India sent a delegation to compete at the 1964 Winter Olympics in Innsbruck, Austria from 29 January to 9 February 1964. This was India's debut at the Winter Olympic Games. The sole athlete representing India was Jeremy Bujakowski, who competed in the men's downhill event in alpine skiing. He failed to finish the race, and went unranked in the competition.

## Background

The Indian Olympic Association was recognised by the International Olympic Committee on 31 December 1926. However, by this time, they had already competed in three Summer Olympic Games, in 1900, 1920, and 1924. India has participated in every Summer Olympics since 1920. The 1964 Innsbruck Olympics marked India's debut at the Winter Olympic Games. These Olympics were held from 29 January to 9 February 1964; a total of 1,091 athletes representing 36 National Olympic Committees took part. Jeremy Bujakowski was the only athlete representing India in Innsbruck.

## Alpine skiing

Jeremy Bujakowski was 24 years old at the time of the Innsbruck Olympics, and was making his Olympic debut. The Polish-born Bujakowski acquired Indian citizenship when his family moved there in the late 1940s, and later trained in the United States where he was educated at the University of Denver. On 30 January, he participated in the men's downhill, but failed to finish his run; the gold medal was won by Egon Zimmermann of Austria, the silver by Léo Lacroix of France, and the bronze was taken by Wolfgang Bartels of the German Unified Team. Bujakowski would go on to represent India at the 1968 Winter Olympics.
| Athlete | Event | Race | Race |
| Athlete | Event | Time | Rank |
| Jeremy Bujakowski | Downhill | DNF | – |
# Asadullah al-ghalib

Asadullah al-ghalib means "the (triumphant) lion of god", it has been used as a personal epithet.

## People

* Ali (600–661), cousin and son-in-law of Mohammed, first Shia imam
* Muhammad Asadullah Al-Ghalib (1948–), Bangladeshi reformist Islamic scholar
* Asadulla Al Galib (1998–), Bangladeshi cricketer

## Other

* A personification of Britain on the Seringapatam Medal
# Richard Henry Nibbs

Richard Henry Nibbs (1816–1893) was an English painter and book illustrator who specialised in marine art.
Nibbs was born in Brighton, Sussex (now East Sussex), England and educated at a school in Worthing (run by the father of watercolourist Henry Tidey). He lived in Brighton throughout his life. Nibbs initially trained as a musician and became a professional cellist with the Theatre Royal orchestra. However, a lifelong love of art combined with a natural talent for detailed observation led him to become a self-taught painter - in both oils and watercolour - particularly of marine subjects. In 1840 a substantial inheritance allowed him to devote himself full-time to art.
His marine art depicts scenes mainly off the coast of his native Sussex, France and Holland - though he also drew buildings and landscapes. He exhibited regularly at the Royal Academy, the British Institution and the Royal Society of British Artists.

## Selected works

Paintings:
* Low Water: Newhaven Harbour, Sussex .
* HMS Vengeance at Spithead (1851).
* Queen Victoria landing at the Chain Pier, Brighton (1843).
* Brighton promenade, 1850.
* Shipping on the Thames.
* Shoreham.
* Philadelphia Harbour.
Illustrated books:
* Lower, Mark Anthony. The Churches of Sussex: With Historical and Archaeological Descriptions (1872)
* Nibbs, R. H. Antiquities of Sussex (1872)
# Heo Jun (fencer)

Heo Jun (Korean: 허준; Korean pronunciation: or; born 31 May 1988) is a South Korean foil fencer. He is the four-time Asian champion (individual and team). He won a bronze medal at the 2011 Summer Universiade in Shenzhen. Heo is a graduate of Daegu University.
# I. William Zartman

Ira William Zartman is professor emeritus at the Paul H. Nitze School of Advanced International Studies (SAIS) of Johns Hopkins University. He earlier directed the school's Conflict Management and African Studies programs. He holds the Jacob Blaustein Chair in International Organizations and Conflict Resolution. He is a founder and current board chairman of the International Peace and Security Institute (IPSI).
# Adur

Adur may refer to:

## Places

* Adur, Anekal, a village in the southern state of Karnataka, India
* Adur, Azerbaijan, a village in the Quba Rayon
* Adur, Bangalore South, a village in the southern state of Karnataka, India
* Adur, Haveri, a village in the southern state of Karnataka, India
* Adur, Iran, a village in Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad Province, Iran
* Adur, Shimoga, a village in the southern state of Karnataka, India
* Adur District, England
* River Adur, England

## Other uses

* Anthony Adur (born 1987), Trinidad and Tobago footballer
* The Middle Persian word for Atar, the Zoroastrian concept of holy fire
# Silverton Park

Silverton Park, also known locally as Egremont House, was a large neoclassical mansion in the parish of Silverton, Devon, England.

## History

It was built between 1838 and 1845 by George Wyndham, 4th Earl of Egremont, and demolished in 1901. It was, according to the architectural historians Nikolaus Pevsner and Bridget Cherry "an extraordinary design, entirely clothed in colonnades", but in the opinion of Bernard Coleridge, 2nd Baron Coleridge was "a monstrous Italian house". The stable block, also designed in a neoclassical style, survives and is managed as a holiday let by the Landmark Trust.
In October 2021, the stables was one of 142 sites across England to receive part of a £35-million injection into the government's Culture Recovery Fund.

## Construction

Silverton Park was built by George Wyndham, a British naval officer who retired from the service in 1825. In 1836, his uncle, George Wyndham, the 3rd Earl of Egremont died, leaving only illegitimate children; George therefore inherited the Egremont title, although the Egremont seat of Petworth House in Sussex and the ancestral wealth passed to the 3rd earl's eldest son.
George set about building a grand mansion in 1838 using the architect James Thomas Knowles. At the core of the new building was an older house called Combesatchfield, which Knowles surrounded with classical features, constructed in brick with a render of patented, metallic cement. A frieze depicting the Exodus of the Israelites into Egypt was sculpted on the external cornice. The interior was richly furnished. A classical stable block was built alongside the house. George borrowed heavily and increased rents to pay for the hugely expensive project and died, heavily in debt, in 1845.

## Destruction and later use

Silverton Park was uncompleted when George Wyndham died; his widow died in 1876 but attempts to sell the property failed. The contents were sold off in 1892, and in 1902 the house was demolished, although the stable block was converted for agricultural use.
The surviving stable block, is according to Nikolaus Pevsner and Bridget Cherry a "monumental pedimented composition around a courtyard" built "in a severely Grecian style". It is the only surviving remnant of the house and was acquired in 1987 by Sir John Smith, founder of the Landmark Trust who sought to prevent it being converted into flats. In 2004, with the financial assistance of private donors, the Landmark Trust started its restoration for use as self-catering holiday accommodation, completing the project in 2008.

## Art forgeries

The art forger Shaun Greenhalgh and his father acquired a copy of the 1892 sale catalogue and used the un-illustrated catalogue descriptions to recreate items, for which the catalogue was used to provide spurious provenances. Their most notorious forgery supported by this false provenance was the so-called "Amarna Princess", made in the Amarna art style of ancient Egypt, which they sold in 2003 to Bolton Museum for £440,000, but were subsequently unmasked as forgers.
# Whisky & Gogo

Whisky & Gogo is an Italian comic series created by Luciano Bottaro.
It debuted in 1959, published in the comics magazine Cucciolo, and in a short time it named an eponym comic book series, published in Italy by Edizioni Alpe. The series, set in the American Old West, features a brown bear with the vice of drinking (Whisky) and an innocuous, easygoing trapper (Gogo).
# Welu River

Welu River or Vel River is a tributary of Bhima River in Pune district, Maharashtra, India. It originates and flows through the Ambegaon, Khed, Shirur talukas of Pune District.

## Origin and course

The Welu rises in the Sahyadris to the north-east of Ambegaon Taluka and crosses Ambegaon from north-west to south-east.
# Marshall Claxton

Marshall Claxton (12 May 1811 – 28 July 1881) was an English subject, genre, landscape and portrait painter.

## Life

Claxton was born in Bolton, Lancashire, the son of a Wesleyan Methodist minister, the Rev. Marshall Claxton, and his wife Diana. Marshall studied under John Jackson, R.A., and at the Royal Academy school where he enrolled on 26 April 1831.
He had his first picture in the Royal Academy in 1832, a portrait of his father. In subsequent years about 30 of his pictures were shown at Academy exhibitions. In 1834 he was awarded the first medal in the painting school, and obtained the gold medal of the Society of Arts in 1835 for his portrait of Sir Astley Cooper. From 1837 to 1842 he worked in Italy and then returned to London, gaining a prize of £100 for his "Alfred the Great in the Camp of the Danes".
In 1850 Claxton went to Sydney, Australia, with a large collection of pictures, but had little success in selling them. While in Sydney he painted a large picture, "Suffer little children to come unto me", a commission from the Baroness Burdett-Coutts. This was described in Household Words as 'the first important picture' painted in Australia.
In September 1854 Claxton left Sydney for Calcutta, where he sold several of his pictures. He returned to England in 1858 via Egypt, and died in London after a long illness on 28 July 1881.
He married and had two daughters, Adelaide and Florence Claxton, both of whom were artists and represented in Royal Academy exhibitions between 1859 and 1867.
Claxton's "General View of the Harbour and City of Sydney" is in the Royal collection in England, and there are two pictures by him in the Dickinson collection in the Art Gallery of New South Wales, Sydney. His portraits of Bishop William Broughton and Dean Cowper are at St. Paul's College, University of Sydney, and that of the Rev. Robert Forrest is exhibited at The King's School, Parramatta. His Godiva painting is in the Herbert Art Gallery and he also has work displayed at the Derby Art Gallery and the Victoria and Albert Museum. He was also known for his depictions of Wesleyan and Methodist subjects, made popular as prints.

## Sources

* 1 2 Marshall Claxton, BBC, accessed August 2011
* ↑ Macmillan, David S., 'Claxton, Marshall (1813–1881)', Australian Dictionary of Biography, National Centre of Biography, Australian National University, accessed 22 August 2011.
* Macmillan, David S.: Claxton, Marshall (1813 - 1881), Australian Dictionary of Biography, Volume 3, MUP, 1969, pp 424–425.
* Serle, Percival (1949). "Claxton, Marshall". Dictionary of Australian Biography. Sydney: Angus & Robertson.