# Turricula (gastropod)

Turricula is a genus of sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks in the family Clavatulidae.

## Taxonomy

Clavatulidae was raised, based on cladistic analysis, from subfamily to the family level by Rosenberg in 1998. It remained regarded as a subfamily of Turridae by several malacologists (Kantor, Sysoev). until a new publication in 2011

## Fossil records

This genus is known in the fossil records from the Cretaceous to the Quaternary (age range: from 70.6 to 0.0 million years ago). Fossils of species within this genus have been found all over the world.

## Description

The turriculated shell is fusiform with a long spire. The anal sinus is situated in the infrasutural depression above the peripheral carina. The siphonal canal is long, tapering and slightly bent. The operculum has a medio-lateral nucleus. The eyes of the animal are situated at the base of the tentacles. Radula formula : 1-0-1.

## Distribution

The species of this marine genus occurs in the Indo-West Pacific, from the Red Sea and east Africa to Australia (Northern Territory, Queensland, Western Australia).

## Species

Species within the genus Turricula include:
* Turricula aethiopica (Thiele, 1925)
* Turricula amplisulcus (Barnard, 1958)
* † Turricula bantamensis (K. Martin, 1895)
* † Turricula barreti (de Boury, 1899)
* † Turricula beamensis M.A. Peyrot, 1925
* † Turricula belgica (G.G. Münster, 1826)
* † Turricula beyrichi (R.A. Philippi, 1846)
* † Turricula brevicauda (Deshayes, 1834)
* Turricula catena (Reeve, 1843)
* † Turricula catenata (Lamarck, 1804)
* † Turricula ceylonica (Smith E. A., 1877)
* Turricula crassicosta (F. E. Edwards, 1857) †
* † Turricula dentata (Lamarck, 1804)
* † Turricula drilliaeformis (K. Martin, 1895)
* † Turricula eastoni (K. Martin, 1914)
* † Turricula everwyni (K. Martin, 1884)
* Turricula faurei (Barnard, 1958)
* † Turricula gembacana (K. Martin, 1884)
* Turricula gemmulaeformis (Thiele, 1925)
* † Turricula glyphana (Bayan, 1873)
* Turricula granobalteus (Hedley, 1922)
* † Turricula guttata (K. Martin, 1935)
* † Turricula hillegondae (K. Martin, 1914)
* † Turricula ijzermani (K. Martin, 1933)
* † Turricula inermiformis (Csepreghy-Meznerics, 1969)
* Turricula javana (Linnaeus, 1767)
* † Turricula jogjacartensis (K. Martin, 1931)
* † Turricula kelirensis (K. Martin, 1916)
* † Turricula lepidota (K. Martin, 1914)
* † Turricula lirocostata Cossmann, 1899
* † Turricula mauritii (de Boury, 1899)
* † Turricula michelini (Deshayes, 1865)
* Turricula navarchus (Melvill & Standen, 1903)
* Turricula nelliae (Smith E. A., 1877)
* † Turricula orthocolpa Cossmann, 1913
* Turricula panthea Dall, 1919
* † Turricula plagiaria (K. Martin, 1931)
* † Turricula plateaui (Cossmann, 1889)
* † Turricula pollii (Icke & K. Martin, 1907)
* † Turricula polycesta (Bayan, 1873)
* Turricula profundorum (Smith E. A., 1896)
* † Turricula rembangensis (K. Martin, 1906)
* † Turricula rostrata Solander in Brander, 1766 (deleted in GBIF)
* † Turricula samarangana (K. Martin, 1884)
* † Turricula sanctistephani Lozouet, 2017
* † Turricula smithi (K. Martin, 1884)
* † Turricula streptopleura (Cossmann, 1900)
* † Turricula subelegans (d'Orbigny, 1850)
* Turricula sulcicancellata (Barnard, 1958)
* † Turricula sultani (K. Martin, 1914)
* Turricula sumatrana (Thiele, 1925)
* † Turricula terae Oostingh, 1938 †
* † Turricula textiliosa (Deshayes, 1834)
* Turricula thurstoni (Smith E. A., 1896)
* Turricula tornata (Dillwyn, 1817)
* † Turricula transversaria (Lamarck, 1804)
* Turricula turriplana (Sowerby III, 1903)
* † Turricula vaudini (Deshayes, 1865) †
* † Turricula veslensis (Cossmann, 1899) †
* † Turricula vibekeae Schnetler & M. S. Nielsen, 2018
* † Turricula wanneri (Tesch, 1915)
* † Turricula waringinensis (K. Martin, 1895)

### Extinct

* † Turricula dimidiata Brocchi, 1814
* † Turricula eolavinia Olsson, 1930
* † Turricula excelsa Bohm, 1926
* † Turricula hanguensis Cox, 1930
* † Turricula haydeni Cox, 1930
* † Turricula kayalensis Dey, 1961
* † Turricula promensis silistrensis Vredenburg, 1921
* † Turricula promensis Vredenburg, 1921
* † Turricula sethuramae Vredenburg, 1921
* † Turricula spuria Hedley, 1922
* † Turricula taurina Olsson, 1922
* † Turricula terryi Olsson, 1922
* † Turricula thangaensis Vredenburg, 1921

## Synonyms

* Turricula bijubata (Reeve, 1843): synonym of Turridrupa bijubata (Reeve, 1843)
* † Turricula (Crenaturricula) bouryi Glibert, 1960: synonym of † Turricula barreti (de Boury, 1899) (unnecessary replacement name for Pleurotoma barreti de Boury, 1899)
* Turricula brunonia Dall, 1924: synonym of Veprecula brunonia (Dall, 1924)
* Turricula cadaverosa (Reeve, 1844): synonym of Vexillum cadaverosum (Reeve, 1844)
* Turricula casta H. Adams, 1872: synonym of Vexillum castum (H. Adams, 1872)
* † Turricula cruziana Olsson, 1932 accepted as † Cruziturricula cruziana (Olsson, 1932) (original combination)
* † Turricula curtata Marwick, 1926 accepted as † Marshallena curtata (Marwick, 1926)
* Turricula ensyuensis Shikama, 1977: synonym of Comitas ensyuensis (Shikama, 1977)
* † Turricula esdailei Marwick, 1926 accepted as † Tahuia esdailei (Marwick, 1926)
* † Turricula (Fusimitra) extranea (Deshayes, 1865): synonym of † Vexillum extraneum (Deshayes, 1865)
* Turricula flammea Schumacher, 1817: synonym of Turricula javana (Linnaeus, 1767)
* † Turricula gendinganensis K. Martin, 1906 accepted as Unedogemmula indica (Röding, 1798)
* Turricula granobalteatus [sic]: synonym of Turricula granobalteus (Hedley, 1922)
* Turricula hondoana Dall, 1925: synonym of Aforia circinata (Dall, 1873)
* † Turricula ilonae Báldi, 1966 accepted as † Domenginella ilonae (Báldi, 1966)
* Turricula japonica Dall, 1925 accepted as Aforia circinata (Dall, 1873)
* Turricula kamakurana (Pilsbry, 1895): synonym of Comitas kamakurana (Pilsbry, 1895)
* Turricula kuroharai Oyama, 1962: synonym of Comitas kuroharai (Oyama, 1962)
* † Turricula lamarckii (Michelotti, 1847) accepted as † Kantoria lamarckii (Michelotti, 1847) (superseded combination)
* Turricula lavinia Dall, 1919: synonym of Ptychobela lavinia (Dall, 1919)
* Turricula lavinoides Olsson, 1922: synonym of Fusiturricula lavinoides (Olsson, 1922)
* Turricula libya Dall, 1919: synonym of Tiariturris libya (Dall, 1919)
* Turricula limonensis Olsson, 1922: synonym of Fusiturricula lavinoides (Olsson, 1922)
* † Turricula mertoni (K. Martin, 1914) accepted as † Pleurofusia mertoni (K. Martin, 1914)
* Turricula modesta Pease, 1868: synonym of Vexillum gruneri (Reeve, 1844) ·
* † Turricula mordax (K. Martin, 1914) accepted as † Pleurofusia mordax (K. Martin, 1914)
* Turricula murrawolga Garrard, 1961: synonym of Comitas murrawolga (Garrard, 1961)
* † Turricula (Costellaria) paucicostata (Tate, 1889): synonym of † Austromitra lacertosa (Cernohorsky, 1970)
* † Turricula permodesta (K. Martin, 1914) accepted as † Pentagoniturricula permodesta (K. Martin, 1914)
* † Turricula planata F. W. Hutton, 1885 accepted as Austromitra planata (F. W. Hutton, 1885)
* Turricula rectilateralis (G.B. Sowerby II, 1874): synonym of Vexillum suluense (A. Adams & Reeve, 1850)
* Turricula scalaria (Barnard, 1958): synonym of Makiyamaia scalaria (Barnard, 1958)
* † Turricula (Costellaria) tatei Cossmann, 1899: synonym of † Austromitra ralphi (Cossmann, 1900)
* † Turricula taurina Olsson, 1922accepted as † Fusiturricula taurina (Olsson, 1922)
* Turricula tornatus [sic]: synonym of Turricula tornata (Dillwyn, 1817)
* Turricula tuberculata (Gray, 1839): synonym of Turricula nelliae spuria (Hedley, 1922)
* † Turricula waitaraensis Marwick, 1926: synonym of † Thatcheria waitaraensis (Marwick, 1926)

## Taxa inquirenda

Further investigation needed:
* Surcula aditus Barnard, 1969
* Surcula bouvieri Jousseaume, 1898
* Surcula urnula Thiele, 1925