OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Pish Khowr District

Pish Khowr District (Persian: بخش پیشخور) is in Famenin County, Hamadan province, Iran. Its capital is the village of Tajarak.

## History

In 2009, Famenin District was separated from Hamadan County in the establishment of Famenin County, which was divided into two districts of two rural districts each, with Famenin as its capital and only city.

## Demographics
### Population

At the time of the 2011 National Census, the district's population was 10,902 in 3,048 households. The 2016 census measured the population of the district as 9,901 inhabitants in 3,073 households.

### Administrative divisions

Pish Khowr District Population :
| Administrative Divisions | 2011 | 2016 |
| Pish Khowr RD | 4,952 | 4,785 |
| Zardasht RD | 5,950 | 5,116 |
| Total | 10,902 | 9,901 |
| RD = Rural District |||
# Oradel Industrial Center

Oradel Industrial Center is located in the city of Nuevo Laredo, Tamaulipas, Mexico. It is an industrial zone funded in 2000 and located on the route that connects the East Zone of the United States with Mexico (11.99 miles away of the World Trade International Bridge).
Oradel Industrial Center was born from the union of three developers: Blokk Properties, Cargoquin Group and Mondlak Developments. Currently, the Industrial Center specializes in the development of industrial warehouses for manufacturing and storage warehouses for inventory and logistics and it has 14 buildings built.

## Infrastructure

Oradel has a total area of 1,200 hectares. Currently, it has 14 built industrial buildings, equivalent to 31.82 hectares. On the other hand, within the development is located "El Campanario and Oradel Village" (a complex of more than 5,000 homes of Infonavit.), the Technological University of Nuevo Laredo and "Un sólo Corazón", a daycare center of the IMSS.
The Industrial Park has a corporate government and an operational base of more than 30 people who are responsible for its maintenance.
In the Industrial Park a total of 12 tenant companies coexist, among them Rheem, Ezo Tube Solutions, Caterpillar, Medline Industries, Smurfit Kappa, Cryptex, Ravisa, PSC Maquiladora, Novamex, Remy International Inc., Cargoquin, and GST Autoleather (which has Seton Company Inc. as a subsidiary).
# Continuity correction

In mathematics, a continuity correction is an adjustment made when a discrete object is approximated using a continuous object.

## Examples
### Binomial

If a random variable X has a binomial distribution with parameters n and p, i.e., X is distributed as the number of "successes" in n independent Bernoulli trials with probability p of success on each trial, then
    $P(X\leq x)=P(X<x+1)$
for any x ∈ {0, 1, 2, ... n}. If np and np(1 − p) are large (sometimes taken as both ≥ 5), then the probability above is fairly well approximated by
    $P(Y\leq x+1/2)$
where Y is a normally distributed random variable with the same expected value and the same variance as X, i.e., E(Y) = np and var(Y) = np(1 − p). This addition of 1/2 to x is a continuity correction.

### Poisson

A continuity correction can also be applied when other discrete distributions supported on the integers are approximated by the normal distribution. For example, if X has a Poisson distribution with expected value λ then the variance of X is also λ, and
    $P(X\leq x)=P(X<x+1)\approx P(Y\leq x+1/2)$
if Y is normally distributed with expectation and variance both λ.

## Applications

Before the ready availability of statistical software having the ability to evaluate probability distribution functions accurately, continuity corrections played an important role in the practical application of statistical tests in which the test statistic has a discrete distribution: it had a special importance for manual calculations. A particular example of this is the binomial test, involving the binomial distribution, as in checking whether a coin is fair. Where extreme accuracy is not necessary, computer calculations for some ranges of parameters may still rely on using continuity corrections to improve accuracy while retaining simplicity.
# Osmondagi bolalar

Osmondagi bolalar (Russian: Мальчики в небе, romanized: Malchiki v nebe; transl. Kids in the Sky) is a 2002 Uzbek comedy film. The film has had success and has received acclaim as one of the best modern Uzbek films.
A sequel, Osmondagi bolalar 2, was released in Uzbekistan in 2003.
# Technopaganism

Technopaganism, as described by Victoria Dos Santos, is "a term encompassing a variety of practices and expressions related to contemporary paganism, popular culture, and spiritual pursuits in digital environments." The Internet, for instance, is considered by some technopagans to have spiritual significance or unique magical applications. Techno music may also be involved in technopaganism. Modern tribal and urban primitive movements such as cyberpunk, urban shamanism and rave culture are associated with electronic dance music.

## Definition

Technopaganism is concerned with spiritual and magical aspects of technology and, sometimes, the interconnections between technology and society. Dos Santos classified technopaganism into two types: the first pertains to the adaptation of various neopagan currents to online environments (e.g., via virtual communities or collaborative software), while the second comprises a body of neopagan beliefs and practices greatly influenced by information and communications technology and "deeply merged with cybernetic culture".
A notable instance of technopagan adaptation of neopagan practices is the creation and distribution of virtual Books of Shadows and sacred texts through the Internet; similarly, virtual world platforms such as Second Life and VRChat are used to connect with others and conduct rituals.

## Beliefs

A common element of technopaganism is the adaptation of neopagan beliefs, such as animism, to technology and cyberspace. Dos Santos writes that a fundamental aspect of technopagan animism is "a dialogic relationship with the digital environment itself."
In a 1995 Wired article, technopagan Mark Pesce describes how, upon first using NCSA Mosaic, he realized that the World Wide Web was the first emergent property of the Internet: "It's displaying all the requisite qualities – it came on very suddenly, it happened everywhere simultaneously, and it's self-organizing. I call that the Web eating the Net." He went on to create VRML, with one of his motivations having been to bring about a spatial dimension of the Web.

## In popular culture

In the TV series Buffy the Vampire Slayer, the major character Jenny Calendar is a technopagan.
American Gods by Neil Gaiman marries traditional ideas of gods with the concept of egregores, which influence the results of progress and new technology in society and lead to the creation of the "New Gods".
# Historiographic metafiction

Historiographic metafiction is a term coined by Canadian literary theorist Linda Hutcheon in the late 1980s. It incorporates three domains: fiction, history, and theory.

## Concept

The term is used for works of fiction which combine the literary devices of metafiction with historical fiction. Works regarded as historiographic metafiction are also distinguished by frequent allusions to other artistic, historical and literary texts (i.e., intertextuality) in order to show the extent to which works of both literature and historiography are dependent on the history of discourse.
Although Hutcheon said that historiographic metafiction is not another version of the historical novel, there are scholars (e.g., Monika Fludernik) who describe it as such, citing that it is simply an updated late-twentieth-century version of the genre for its embrace of the conceptualizations of the novel and of the historical in the twentieth century.
The term is closely associated with works of postmodern literature, usually novels. According to Hutcheon's "A Poetics of Postmodernism", works of historiographic metafiction are "those well-known and popular novels which are both intensely self-reflexive and yet paradoxically also lay claim to historical events and personages". This is demonstrated in the genres that historiographic metafiction parodies, which it uses and abuses so that each parody constitutes a critique in the way it problematizes them. This process is also identified as "subversion" for the purpose of exposing suppressed histories to allow the redefinition of reality and truth.

## Examples

Works often described as examples of historiographic metafiction include: Doctor Copernicus by John Banville (1976), The French Lieutenant's Woman by John Fowles (1969), Ragtime by E. L. Doctorow (1975), Legs by William Kennedy (1975), Kindred by Octavia E. Butler (1979), Midnight's Children by Salman Rushdie (1981), The Great Indian Novel by Shashi Tharoor (1989), Possession by A. S. Byatt (1990), The English Patient by Michael Ondaatje (1992), The Master of Petersburg by J. M. Coetzee (1994), and Mason & Dixon by Thomas Pynchon (1997).
By seeking to represent both actual historical events from World War II while, at the same time, problematizing the very notion of doing exactly that, Kurt Vonnegut's Slaughterhouse-Five (1969) features a metafictional, "Janus-headed" perspective. Literary scholar Bran Nicol argues that Vonnegut's novel features "a more directly political edge to metafiction" compared to the writings of Robert Coover, John Barth, and Vladimir Nabokov.
# Paratriacanthodes retrospinis

Paratriacanthodes retrospinis, the sawspine spikefish, is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Triacanthodidae, the spikefishes. This species is found in the Indo-Pacific region.

## Taxonomy

Paratriacanthodes retrospinis was first formally described in 1934 by the American zoologist Henry Weed Fowler with its type locality given as the China Sea in the vicinity of Taiwan at 21˚36'00N, 117˚27'00E, Albatross station D.5517 from a depth of 421 m (1,381 ft). When Fowler described this species he proposed a new monospecific genus for it, Paratriacanthodes , and designated P. retrospinis as its type species. In 1968 James C. Tyler classified the genus Paratriacanthodes in the nominate subfamily of the family Triacanthodidae, the Triacanthodinae. The 5th edition of Fishes of the World classifies the family Triacanthodidae in the suborder Triacanthoidei in the order Tetraodontiformes.

## Etymology

Paratriacanthodes retrospinis is the type species of the genus Paratriacanthodes, a name which prefixes the name of the type genus of the Triacanthodidae, Triacanthodes, with para, meaning "near to". This refers to the close relationship between Paratriacanthodes and Triacanthodes. The specific name, retrospinis means "backward spine" and refers to the backward pointing barb on the first spine in the dorsal fin and on the spine in the pelvic fin.

## Description

Paratriacanthodes retrospinis has a short snout, pointed at the upper end, large eyes projecting outward, and relatively short gill openings. It usually is brightly orange colored on the upper half and of paler color on the lower half of the body. Rge dorsal fin is supported by 6 spines and 15 soft rays while the anal fin contains 13 soft rays.

## Distribution and habitat

Paratriacanthodes retrospinis is widely distributed in the Indo-West Pacific from South and East Africa to southern Japan and New Caledonia. It has been reported from depths of 418 – 920 m.
# Sandoz (watch company)

Sandoz is a Swiss watch brand, originally established in the late 19th century by Henri Sandoz near Tavannes, Switzerland. There are now many variations of the Sandoz name which are used by at least four different companies around the world.

## History

Henri Frédéric Sandoz (sometimes Frédéric Henri Sandoz), born in 1851, was a self-made man of Le Locle who in the 1870s founded Henri Sandoz & Cie., later producing complicated watches under the name of Cyma. In 1890, in partnership with two families named Schwob, Sandoz established a watchmaking firm at Malleray, near Tavannes, in the French-speaking Bernese Jura of Switzerland. Their new business was known as Tavannes Watch Co. By the time of the death of Sandoz on 18 March 1913, many watches were made under the name of Henri Sandoz & Fils. The enterprise occupied a 'model factory' employing one thousand workers and producing 2,500 watches a day. Sandoz was reported to have a paternalistic policy towards his workforce, exercising a fierce social control.
Other names used by the Tavannes company at various times include Tavannes-Cyma, Bijou Watch Co., Tacy Watch Co., and Lisca. After the death of Sandoz, the company he founded went on growing. By 1938, it was manufacturing four thousand items a day.

## Present day

Since 1971 the Sandoz brand name has been split into four main areas of production, due to its licences being leased or sold. This has led to four separate brands, Sandoz Singapore, Sandoz Hong Kong, Sandoz Swiss, and Sandoz Spain (Munreco). All of these produce watches under the Sandoz name, but each production company has its own line of products. Sandoz Swiss manufactures high quality watches, while Sandoz Hong Kong and Sandoz Singapore manufacture cheaper watches of lower quality. Sandoz Hong Kong products are assembled in Hong Kong using Swiss movements from ETA SA.
# Thomas Moore (Australian settler)

Thomas Moore (1762 – 24 December 1840) was an early European settler in Australia.

## Biography

Moore was born in Lesbury, Northumberland. In 1792 he arrived in Australia as the ship's carpenter on William Raven's Britannia.
In October 1792 Raven left a sealing crew at Dusky Sound, New Zealand while he went off to obtain supplies for the colony. During that time a vessel (later finished and called the "Providence") was built. It is believed Thomas Moore, as ship’s carpenter was the person mainly responsible for its construction. (Ref Letters Raven to Lieutenant Governor King 1793).
In 1796 he was appointed master boatbuilder by Governor John Hunter. He married Rachel Turner in January 1797, who had come to NSW on Lady Juliana as a convict, been assigned to Surgeon John White, and to whom she bore a son, Andrew Douglas White.
In January 1804 Governor Philip Gidley King launched what was believed to be the first vessel ever built in the colony, the armed cutter Integrity, of 50 tons (bm). Thomas Moore built her at Sydney Cove.
In October 1809 Moore resigned from the dockyard and by mid-1810 was residing at the house he had built on the Georges River, Moore Bank. Governor Lachlan Macquarie appointed him magistrate of the Georges River district in 1810, a position he filled until he died on Christmas Eve 1840. When Macquarie proclaimed the new town of Liverpool on 7 November 1810, he commissioned Moore to build the town. Moore was supervisor of public works for the next decade. He became a good friend of Macquarie, who appointed Rachel and Thomas Moore the guardians of Lachlan Macquarie jnr, in case anything happened to Lachlan and Elizabeth while they were in NSW.
He was the recipient of numerous land grants, including land between Petersham Hill and Cook's River, Moorebank in the Liverpool district, Airds and Sutton Forest. His land holdings enabled him to breed cattle and horses, as well as to rent property to tenants, which brought him much wealth. Moore was one of the founding directors of the Bank of New South Wales, now known as Westpac Banking Corporation.
Moore died in 1840. In his will he left his substantial fortune to the Church of England, and, in particular, for the establishment of a college for the education of men of "the Protestant persuasion". The college, now known as Moore Theological College was opened on 1 March 1856.
# George Borchers

George Benard "Chief" Borchers (April 18, 1869 – October 24, 1938) was a 19th-century Major League Baseball pitcher. In 1894 he led the pitching staff of the minor league Nashville Tigers with the most wins (11–14).
# Duke Farrell

Charles Andrew "Duke" Farrell (August 31, 1866 – February 15, 1925) was an American Major League Baseball catcher. He played for eight teams during his 18-year career. He made his major-league debut in 1888 and retired as a player after the 1905 season. He then entered coaching, ran a hotel, and became a deputy U.S. marshal.

## Career

Farrell had a career year in 1891 with the Boston Reds of the American Association, batting .302 and recording league-leading home run (12) and RBI (110) totals. Farrell's 12 home runs that season were nearly a quarter of his career total.
In a 1900 game for Brooklyn, Farrell was an unwitting party to an argument between a player and umpire that resulted in a forfeit being awarded to Brooklyn. On a close play at home plate, umpire John Gaffney called Farrell safe. St. Louis catcher Wilbert Robinson reacted angrily to Gaffney's call, throwing the ball at the umpire and punching him in the chest. Gaffney ejected Robinson and then awarded a forfeit to Brooklyn when Robinson would not leave the playing field.
A 1913 newspaper article said that Farrell was widely recognized among old-time baseball men as the best-dressed man in the game.
Over an 18-season career, Farrell hit .277 in 1,565 games, with 1,572 hits in 5,682 at bats with 52 homers and 916 RBI.

### A false record

For over a century, it was incorrectly believed that Farrell held the single-game major league record for most baserunners thrown out attempting to steal by a catcher, at eight; this record supposedly was set during a game on May 11, 1897. However, in 2016, research done by Society for American Baseball Research writer Brian Marshall revealed that while Farrell did have eight assists in that game, he actually threw out "only" five would-be basestealers.

## Later life

Farrell served as a deputy U.S. marshal after his playing career. He also managed a hotel in Marlboro, Massachusetts.
In 1910 and 1911, Farrell was a coach for the New York Yankees. He coached for the Boston Red Sox in 1912 and then became a scout for a couple of years before rejoining the Yankees as a pitching coach in 1915. In the early 1920s, he became a coach and scout for the Boston Braves.
Farrell died in Boston in 1925, ten days after undergoing abdominal surgery. He was buried at Immaculate Conception Cemetery in Marlborough, Massachusetts, aged 58.
# Henry Gilroy (baseball)

Henry Engard Gilroy (1852 – October 31, 1907) was a Major League Baseball catcher. He played for the Chicago White Stockings in 1874 and the Philadelphia Athletics in 1875.
Gilroy played in 10 games, eight with Chicago and two with Philadelphia.
# Lon Knight

Alonzo P. "Lon" Knight, born Alonzo P. Letti (June 16, 1853 – April 23, 1932) was an American right fielder, right-handed pitcher and manager in Major League Baseball. He threw the first pitch in the first game played in the new National League on April 22, 1876.

## Early life and education

He was born in Philadelphia and attended Girard College at age 9 after his father died of typhoid fever. At Girard College, he changed his last name from Letti to Knight possibly to avoid ethnic hostility toward Italians. After graduation, he worked for a brief time as an accountant.

## Career

He began playing with the Philadelphia Athletics in 1875 when the team was in the National Association, then stayed with them when they joined the National League in 1876. When the team folded after the 1876 season, he did not play in the major leagues again until 1880, when he joined the Worcester Ruby Legs of the NL for one season, and the Detroit Wolverines for two. In 1883, he was named the manager of the Philadelphia Athletics of the American Association, and the team won the league pennant with Knight also playing right field. In 1884 the team fell back to seventh place in a 13-team league. He finished his career in 1885 when he split the season between the Athletics and the Providence Grays.
On May 21, 1880, he was playing right field at Riverside Park in Albany, New York when Lip Pike hit a ball over the fence and into the river. Few parks at the time had ground rules concerning balls hit over the fence. It was not an automatic home run, so Knight pursued the ball in a boat, eventually giving up.
On July 30, 1883, Knight "hit for the cycle" against Pittsburgh and is credited with the first ever natural-cycle in baseball.
After Knight's playing career ended, he was an umpire for several seasons; his most active year was 1890, when he officiated 123 games in the Players' League. He umpired a total of 212 major league games.
Knight died of poisoning at age 78 in Philadelphia when the gas line to the heater in his house leaked. He is interred at Laurel Hill Cemetery in an unmarked grave in Section H, Lot 63–64.
# Frederick Boardman

Frederick Stanley Boardman (February 18, 1851 – April 12, 1941) was an American baseball player. Boardman was born in 1851 in St. Joseph, Missouri. According to baseball historian David Nemec, he was an "auxiliary player" in Chicago for many years. He appeared in one game in Major League Baseball as a right fielder for the Baltimore Canaries in the National Association during the 1874 baseball season. His lone appearance with the Canaries came about when the team visited Chicago and was in need of an outfielder. The Chicago White Stockings won the game by a 4–0 score. During the 1875 season, he worked as an umpire in the National Association. He died in 1941 in Indianapolis, at age 90. At the time of his death he had been the last living player from the 1874 season.
# Henry Kohler

Henry C. Kohler (May 5, 1852 – August 27, 1934) was an American professional baseball player, who played 41 games during the 1871, 1873 and 1874 seasons. He was born in Baltimore, Maryland and died there at the age of 82, and was interred at Loudon Park Cemetery.
# Parnassius jacobsoni

Parnassius jacobsoni is a high-altitude butterfly which is found only in Tajikistan and Afghanistan. It is a member of the snow Apollo genus (Parnassius) of the swallowtail family (Papilionidae).
# Al Nichols

Alfred Henry Nichols (born as Alfred Henry Williams; February 14, 1852 – June 18, 1936) was an English Major League Baseball player for three seasons. Born in Worcester, England, he played for three different teams, and mainly played as a third baseman. After his third season, in 1877 as a member of the Louisville Grays, he was suspended from baseball for the remainder of his life for his part in throwing games for money. He is also the first person born in England to play Major League Baseball.

## Career

Nichols got his start at third base for the 1875 Brooklyn Atlantics of the National Association. He batted only .153 in 32 games played that season. The following year, after the collapse of the Association, he played for the New York Mutuals of the new National League and didn't fare much better, hitting .179 in 57 games.

## Banishment

It was for the Louisville Grays in 1877 that he would gain infamy. It was determined that he was involved in throwing games for money along with teammates George Hall, Jim Devlin, and Bill Craver. As a personal friend of Hall, he was brought in to play third base at Hall's insistence to replace Bill Hauge when he had to take time off due to injury. At this point, Louisville was in first place, but soon after Nichols' arrival, the team began to lose games at an alarming rate. Club President Charles E. Chase started to become suspicious when Nichols was still playing even though he continued to make key errors when Hauge was well enough to return to his starting position. His suspicion was confirmed when he received a couple telegrams instructing him to watch his players. Chase confronted the players, and Hall and Devlin confessed. The matter was referred to National League president William Hulbert, and Nichols was formally banned from Major League Baseball on December 4, 1877.

## Personal life

Nichols came to the United States from England in 1861.
After his banishment from baseball, he spent most of his life in the Brooklyn, New York area, got married and raised a family. He worked at various jobs, including as a shipping clerk and inspector, and was very remorseful about his role in the scandal, making many unsuccessful attempts to earn reinstatement. He died in Richmond Hill, New York, at the age of 84. He was cremated and interred at Green-Wood Cemetery in Brooklyn.