OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# John Shaw Billings (editor)

John Shaw Billings (1898–1975) was the first editor of Life magazine and first managing editor of Time-Life.

## Background

Billings descended from U.S. Senator James Henry Hammond (1807–1864). His grandfather (also John Shaw Billings) was an Army medical doctor during the Civil War. After the war, he established an Army medical library with the first modern bibliographical system for medical knowledge. He later became one of the best-known, early 20th-century librarians as director of the New York Public Library.
Billings was born at Redcliffe manor in Beech Island, South Carolina, a plantation built by his great-grandfather the senator (famed for the saying "Cotton is king").
He left Harvard University to drive ammunition trucks for the army of France in World War I.

## Career

After the great war, Billings became a reporter for the Bridgeport Telegram. Fired for his purple prose, he joined the Brooklyn Daily Eagle as its Washington correspondent.
In 1928, Billings began working for Time magazine, again as Washington correspondent (and replacing Henry Cabot Lodge Jr.). In 1929, he became National Affairs editor.
By 1933, he became Time's managing editor. In 1936, Luce asked him to become the first editor of Life.
In 1944, he became deputy editorial director under Luce for Time-Life's four publications: Time, Life, Architectural Forum, and Fortune.
He retired in the 1950s.

## Personal and death

In the 1930s, Billings bought and restored the Hammond family's Savannah River home "Redcliffe." After visiting him there, Henry R. Luce bought Mepkin Plantation (now Mepkin Abbey) for his wife, Claire Booth Luce.
Billings died in late August 1975.

## Legacy

At time of death, Edward K. Thompson, a following Life managing editor (1949–1961) said of Billings, "He lived his entire life by what landed on his desk. He interpreted the world as something he edited, whether text or pictures. He was an editor's editor."
In 1975, the Billings family gave the first major endowment for the newly expanded Thomas Cooper Library. "Funds generated by the John Shaw Billings Library Endowment have provided for the acquisition of significant materials for the Irvin Department of Rare Books and Special Collections (such as the Nuremberg Chronicle, 1493) and for other library needs." The library also houses the John Shaw Billings Papers and Collections, as well as those of his ancestor, U.S. Senator James Henry Hammond (1807-1864). A Time-Life-Fortune collection, 1886-1964, is also archived there.
# Yantianxu station

Yantianxu station (simplified Chinese: 盐田墟; traditional Chinese: 鹽田墟; pinyin: Yántián Xū; Jyutping: Yim4 tin4 heoi1) is a metro station on Line 8 of Shenzhen Metro. It opened on December 27, 2023, with the Phase 2 extension of the line to Xiaomeisha.

## Station layout

The station has an island platform.
| G | – | Exits A-C |
| B1F Concourse | Lobby | Customer Service, Shops, Vending machines, ATMs |
| B2F Platforms | Platform | 2 towards Chiwan (Hong'anwei) |
| Island platform, doors will open on the left ||
| B2F Platforms | Platform | 8 towards Xiaomeisha (Dameisha) |

## Exits

| Exit location | Nearby destinations |
| Yanmei Road, Beishan Road | Yangang Community, Yandunshan International Friendship Park |
| Beishan Road | Yantian Fishermen's New Village, Yantian Seafood Street, Yantian Gold Pier (towards Nan'ao) |
| Yanmei Road | Beishan Road, Yantian Overseas Chinese New Village |

## Gallery

* Art installation
# Pablo Arrarte

Pablo Arrarte (born 11 November 1980) is a Spanish sailor. He competed in the Star event at the 2004 Summer Olympics.
# Chennanur

Chennanur is an archaeological site in Krishnagiri district of Tamil Nadu state in India.

## Location

Chennanur is located with the coordinates of (12°17′38″N 78°32′29″E﻿ / ﻿12.2938°N 78.5415°E﻿ / 12.2938; 78.5415) near Uthangarai.

## Archaeological importance

It was one of the plans of Tamil Nadu State Department of Archaeology (TNSDA) to excavate the Chennanur archaeological site along with three other sites in Tamil Nadu, by the Tamil Nadu State Archaeology department, after getting the permissions from Archaeology Survey department of India.
A broken Neolithic handaxe was found during the excavations carried out at Chennanur and totally 327 artefacts were unearthed from Chennanur site. The antiquities and postherds found in this village during the excavations show the early periods of Tamil culture. Bricks belong to Stone age dating back around 500 BCE were also unearthed at this site.
# Pablo Pérez (footballer, born 1993)

Pablo Pérez Rodríguez (born 2 August 1993) is a Spanish professional footballer who plays as an attacking midfielder for Langreo.

## Club career

Born in Gijón, Asturias, Pérez joined Sporting de Gijón's youth setup in 2011, aged 17, after starting it out at Colegio de la Inmaculada. He made his senior debuts with the reserves in the 2011–12 campaign in the Segunda División B.
Pérez played his first match as a professional on 24 May 2014, starting in a 1–0 home success against FC Barcelona B in the Segunda División. He was definitely promoted to the main squad in August.
On 6 September Pérez scored his first goal, netting his side's only in a 1–1 away draw against Albacete Balompié, through a last-minute header. He scored a brace on the 20th, netting all goals in a 2–0 away win against CD Mirandés.
On 11 November 2014 Pérez renewed his link with Sporting, until 2019. He contributed with 37 appearances and seven goals during the season, as his side returned to La Liga after three years.
Pérez made his debut in the main category of Spanish football on 12 September 2015, starting and being booked in a 0–1 home loss against Valencia CF. The following 31 August, he was loaned to AD Alcorcón in the second tier, for one year.
On 5 December 2022, Pérez signed for Indian Super League club Bengaluru on a deal until the end of the 2022–23 season.
# Pablo Rodríguez (footballer, born 1985)

Pablo Rodríguez Aracil (born 20 July 1985) is a Spanish retired professional footballer who played as a forward.

## Career

A youth graduate of local Levante UD and Valencia CF, Valencia-born Rodríguez only played lower league or amateur football in his country, representing UD Puçol, CD La Oliva, UD Almería B, CD Toledo, CD Olímpic de Xàtiva, Mazarrón CF, CD La Muela – his first Segunda División B experience, with the 2010–11 season ending in relegation – UD Altea and Deportivo Rayo Cantabria.
Abroad, Rodríguez started with Ethnikos Achna FC in the Cypriot First Division in 2008, moving to CS Mioveni in the Romanian Liga II the following year. After a brief spell in the Republic of Ireland, he returned to his homeland.
In the 2013 January transfer window, Rodríguez signed with United Sikkim F.C. in India. He made his first appearance in the I-League on 2 February, in a 1–2 loss against Shillong Lajong FC.
On 12 August 2013, Rodríguez joined Liga Nacional de Honduras side C.D. Marathón, his signing marking the seventh country he had played in. He made his debut on 8 September, scoring in a 1–2 home defeat to Deportes Savio.
On 17 March 2014, Rodríguez signed a contract with Kaya F.C. in the Philippines. He netted four goals in his first four matches, including two in a 3–1 away victory over Loyola Meralco Sparks FC.
Rodríguez moved teams and countries again in July 2014, signing for Brumunddal Fotball in Norway. He made his debut in the 2. divisjon against Valdres FK, scoring a hat-trick in a 4–0 home win.
In January 2015, Rodríguez joined Maldivian Dhivehi Premier League club Maziya S&RC. He went on to score 14 goals for Indonesia's Madura United F.C. before signing for S.League side Hougang United FC, but struggled initially at his new team.

## Honours

Maziya S&RC
* Maldivian FA Charity Shield: 2015
# Junrey Balawing

Junrey Balawing (/dʒuːnˈriː/ joon-REE; Tagalog pronunciation: ; born June 12, 1993 – July 28, 2020) was a Filipino record holder at the Guinness World Records for the world's shortest man alive measuring at 60.00 centimetres (23.62 in) tall. The declaration came during Balawing's 18th birthday celebration. Guinness World Records official said Balawing broke the record of Khagendra Thapa Magar of Nepal, who was 0.67 m (2 ft 2+1⁄3 in) tall.
He stopped growing at the age of 1. Balawing, the son of a poor blacksmith, was born and lived in Sindangan, Zamboanga del Norte, about 865 kilometres (537 mi) south of the capital Manila. Although he was documented as the shortest living man, he missed the title of shortest man in history, which was held until 2012 by Gul Mohammed of India, who was 57 centimetres (22 in) tall and died on October 1, 1997.
In February 2012, Chandra Bahadur Dangi of Nepal, who stands 54.6 centimetres (21.5 in) tall was declared the world's shortest living man ever. As a result, Junrey held the record as shortest living man for less than a year.
Following the death of Chandra Bahadur Dangi on September 3, 2015, Balawing held the title of the shortest living man until his death at the age of 27 on July 28, 2020. He had been hospitalized for pneumonia. Prior to his death, he resided in Dapitan with his family.
# Pablo de Lucas

Pablo de Lucas Torres (Spanish pronunciation:; born 20 September 1986) is a former Spanish professional footballer who played mainly as a defensive midfielder, currently fitness coach at Romanian Liga II club Chindia Târgoviște.

## Club career

De Lucas was born in Elche, Province of Alicante. He was a product of Sporting de Gijón's prolific youth system, Mareo, and made his first-team debut on 4 September 2005, playing three minutes in a 4–0 away win against Gimnàstic de Tarragona; the club was then in the Segunda División.
De Lucas' first goal would come during the 2007–08 season, in a 2–1 away victory over Albacete Balompié. He contributed 12 games as the Asturians returned to La Liga after a ten-year absence.
In early January 2009, de Lucas moved on loan to Deportivo Alavés, not being able to help prevent the Basque side's relegation to Segunda División B. He moved to the same tier in September, signing with lowly Villajoyosa CF.
De Lucas spent the following years of his career in the third tier in representation of several teams, scoring on his debut for Rayo Vallecano B on 30 August 2010 from a last-minute penalty in a 1–1 draw with Universidad de Las Palmas CF. In the summer of 2013, he moved abroad for the first time, joining FC Petrolul Ploiești in Romania.
On 7 August 2014, de Lucas scored his team's third goal against FC Viktoria Plzeň, contributing to 4–1 away win in the third qualifying round of the UEFA Europa League (5–2 on aggregate). In the following years he continued abroad, representing in quick succession Beitar Jerusalem FC, FC Viitorul Constanța, Xanthi FC, FC Voluntari (two spells) and FC Argeș Pitești.
# Paco Sanz (footballer, born 2004)

Paco Sanz Mora (born 15 November 2004) is a Spanish professional footballer who plays as a centre-back for UD Almería.

## Career

Born in Aravaca, Community of Madrid, Sanz began his career with hometown side Aravaca CF before joining Getafe CF's youth sides in 2019. In 2022, he moved to UD Almería and was assigned to the Juvenil A squad.
Promoted to the reserves in Tercera Federación ahead of the 2023–24 season, Sanz made his senior debut on 10 September 2023, starting in a 0–0 away draw against Atlético Malagueño. He scored his first senior goal the following 7 January, netting the B's fifth in a 6–0 home routing of FC Málaga City.
Sanz made his first team – and La Liga – debut on 25 May 2024, coming on as a second-half substitute for Aleksandar Radovanović in a 6–1 home routing of Cádiz CF, as both sides were already relegated.

## Personal life

Sanz's family is actively involved in football: his father also known as Paco and uncle Fernando were both footballers; his uncle was also a centre-back, while his father was a midfielder. His grandfather Lorenzo was president of Real Madrid and later an owner of Málaga CF.
# Pau Quemada

Pau Quemada Cadafalch (born 4 September 1983) is a Spanish field hockey player who plays a forward for Belgian club Leuven. He played a total of 293 times for the Spanish national team from 2003 until 2021.

## Club career

Quemada played club hockey in Spain for Club Egara before moving to Larensche Mixed Hockey Club in the Netherlands in 2005. He left them after one season because they were relegated. He decided to go to Belgium to play for KHC Leuven, where he played for three seasons, before returning to Spain to play for Real Club de Polo. Pau played there from 2009 until 2011, when he returned to Leuven. After eleven years away from Club Egara, he returned to the club in 2016. He returned to Leuven for a third period in Belgium after his retirement as an international player in 2021.

## International career

At the 2012 Summer Olympics, he competed for the national team in the men's tournament. He also competed for the team in the 2016 Summer Olympics tournament. Alongside three other players, he was the topscorer of the 2019 EuroHockey Championship with five goals. On 25 May 2021, he was selected in the squad for the 2021 EuroHockey Championship. He was named the player of the tournament as Spain finished in fifth place. He retired from playing international hockey after the 2020 Summer Olympics.
# Kate L. Turabian

Kate Larimore Turabian (born Laura Kate Larimore, February 26, 1893 – October 25, 1987) was an American educator who is best known for her book A Manual for Writers of Research Papers, Theses, and Dissertations. In 2018, the University of Chicago Press published the 9th edition of the book. The University of Chicago Press estimates that the various editions of this book have sold more than 9 million copies since its publication in 1937. A 2016 analysis of over one million college course syllabi found that Turabian was the most commonly assigned female author due to this book.
Her surname, Turabian, comes from her Armenian-American husband Stephen Gabriel Turabian (1882–1967), whom she married in 1919. Turabian was the graduate school dissertation secretary at the University of Chicago from 1930 to 1958. The school required her approval for every master's thesis and doctoral dissertation. The various editions of her style guide present and closely follow the University of Chicago Press's Manual of Style ("Chicago style").
Her A Manual for Writers of Research Papers, Theses, and Dissertations and its associated style are referred to as "Turabian".
# Kathleen Burke Hale

Kathleen Burke Peabody McLean Hale CBE (24 October 1887 – 26 November 1958) was a British-American philanthropist and war worker, decorated by seven European nations for her volunteer work during World War I and World War II.

## Early life

Kathleen Burke was born in London, the daughter of Thomas Francis Burke and Georgina Connolly Burke. Her father was a railway executive. She qualified to study at Oxford, and also studied at the Sorbonne as a young woman.

## Career
### World War I

Burke was honorary secretary of the London Office of the Scottish Women's Hospitals during World War I. She raised funds and visited hospital units; she was the first woman to enter Verdun. She was decorated by seven European nations for her volunteer activities, including a British Victory Medal and CBE (1918), membership in the French Légion d'honneur, a Serbian Knighthood of Saint Sava, and a Russian Cross of St. George. She was also made an honorary colonel in the United States Army. She met all three of her future husbands during this period.
Burke wrote about her war experiences in The White Road to Verdun, and gave talks about her war experiences for community groups.

### Between the wars

With her first husband Burke worked to rebuild Santa Barbara after its devastating 1925 earthquake; a high school stadium was named in recognition of their work. She was made an honorary member of the local metal workers' union in gratitude for her efforts. She was active in supporting many civic organizations in Santa Barbara, including the hospital, the public library, the Lobero Theatre, the Humane Society, the Junior League and scouting organizations.

### World War II and after

Hale and her third husband worked on refugee resettlement in France until the Nazi occupation; then they focused on British war relief efforts. "This is a different kind of war," she told The New York Times in 1940, "but the human needs are the same." After the war, they funded the rebuilding of a French village, Maillé. Eleanor Roosevelt mentioned their project in her newspaper column, "My Day."

## Personal life and legacy

Kathleen Burke married three times. Her first husband was manufacturer Frederick Forrest Peabody; they married in 1920 and he died in 1927. She was only briefly married to her second husband, John Reginald McLean, in 1929; he died in a car accident nine days after their wedding. In 1930 she married her third husband, diplomat Girard Van Barkaloo Hale. They lived in Montecito. She died in 1958, a month after her third husband, in New York. There is a large collection of her papers in the Santa Barbara Historical Museum's Gledhill Library.
Her home in Montecito, Villa Solana, became the headquarters of the Fund for the Republic, and its successor, the Center for the Study of Democratic Institutions. Her property Eagle Ranch near Atascadero remains a wildlife preserve, administered by the Land Conservancy of San Luis Obispo County. In 2017, "De Santa Barbara à Maillé… les Hale, 1886-1958" was an exhibit about Hale and her third husband, at the historical museum in Maillé.
# Kathleen Merrigan

Kathleen Ann Merrigan (born October 6, 1959) is an American politician who served as the United States Deputy Secretary of Agriculture from April 8, 2009, until her resignation from this position on March 14, 2013. She was the first woman to chair the Ministerial Conference of the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) of the United Nations in 2011. She was the former Executive Director of the Sustainability Collaborative at the George Washington University. At GW she also led the GW Food Institute and was a Professor of Public Policy. She was named one of the "100 most influential people in the world" by Time magazine in 2010.

## Career

She worked at Tufts University as Director of the Agriculture, Food and Environment Program at the Gerald J. and Dorothy R. Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy.
She assisted in writing the 1990 Organic Foods Production Act while a professional staff member of the Senate Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition and Forestry. Senator Patrick Leahy, who chaired the committee, introduced the Act and ensured it became law as part of the Food, Agriculture, Conservation and Trade Act of 1990. Senator Leahy said of Ms. Merrigan, "[her] tireless efforts and patience led to comprehensive legislation that creates a first-ever national organic certification program and revamps important agricultural research programs."
In 1999, she began her career at the USDA by heading the Agricultural Marketing Service. At the USDA Merrigan created, led, and managed the "Know Your Farmer, Know Your Food" initiative. This initiative strengthened USDA programs in order to support local food systems around the country. Merrigan helped develop USDA's organic labeling rules while head of the Agricultural Marketing Service from 1999 to 2001.

## Education

She has a PhD in environmental planning from Massachusetts Institute of Technology, a Master of Public Affairs from the University of Texas, and a B.A. from Williams College.

## Boards and committees

Merrigan serves on a number of boards and committees including: AGree, the Harvard Pilgrim Healthy Food Fund Advisory Committee, Board Director for the Stone Barns Center for Food and Agriculture and FoodCorps, Senior Advisor at the Kendall Foundation, the Council of Environmental Deans and Directors of the National Council for Science and the Environment and the United Nations Environment Programme led initiative TEEB for Agriculture & Food.
# Pedro Sánchez (footballer, born 1986)

Pedro Antonio Sánchez Moñino (born 12 December 1986) is a Spanish professional footballer who plays as a right winger.
He appeared in 358 matches in the Segunda División during his career, representing a host of clubs.

## Club career

Born in Aspe, Province of Alicante, Sánchez graduated from Alicante CF's youth setup, and made his senior debut with the reserves in 2005. He was definitely promoted to the main squad in summer 2008, and made his debut as a professional on 23 November, coming on as a second-half substitute in a 0–0 away draw against Rayo Vallecano in the Segunda División.
Sánchez scored his first professional goal on 1 March 2009, equalising an eventual 2–1 victory at SD Eibar. He finished the season with 27 appearances and two goals, as the Valencian team were relegated.
On 22 June 2009, Sánchez signed with Segunda División B club Real Murcia. In his second year he scored a career-best 13 goals, helping the Pimentoneros to return to the second tier at the first attempt.
On 17 July 2012, Sánchez joined Córdoba CF also in division two. He continued to compete in that league the following seasons, representing Real Zaragoza, Elche CF, Granada CF, Deportivo de La Coruña and Albacete Balompié.
# Dragizhevo

Dragizhevo is a village in Northern Bulgaria. The village is in Lyaskovets Municipality, Veliko Tarnovo Province. Аccording to the 2020 Bulgarian census, Dragizhevo has a population of 921 people with a permanent address registration in the settlement.

## Geography

Dragizhevo village is in Northern Bulgaria, 11 kilometers southeast of Veliko Tarnovo, and 4 kilometers from Lyaskovets.
The elevation in the village varies between 200 and 299 meters with an average of 210 meters.
The climate is continental, with a cold winter and a warm summer, making it a good place for agriculture and animal husbandry.

## History and culture

The initial establishment of the settlement began with the merger of four or six smaller villages – Batley, Dzhurovets, Fashkovets, and Sharkovets.

### Buildings

* In 1894 the village built its current library and community hall "Razvitie".
* Half a kilometer away from the village, the Medieval Ottoman Stronghold Gradishte's remains can be found.
* In 1888 the high school "Kiril i Metodii" was built. The first headmaster was Atanas Dachov.
* The church was built in 1837. "Sv Konstantin i Elena"

## Ethnicity

According to the Bulgarian population census in 2011.
| | Number | Percentage(in %) |
| Total | 831 | 100.00 |
| Bulgarians | 736 | 88.56 |
| Turks | 5 | 0.60 |
| Romani | 6 | 0.72 |
| Others | 18 | 2.16 |
| Do not define themselves | 0 | 0 |
| Unanswered | 64 | 7.70 |
# Arsenic pentachloride

Arsenic pentachloride is a chemical compound of arsenic and chlorine. This compound was first prepared in 1976 through the UV irradiation of arsenic trichloride, AsCl$_3$, in liquid chlorine at −105 °C. AsCl$_5$ decomposes at around −50 °C. The structure of the solid was finally determined in 2001. AsCl$_5$ is similar to phosphorus pentachloride, PCl$_5$ in having a trigonal bipyramidal structure where the equatorial bonds are shorter than the axial bonds (As-Cl$_{eq}$ = 210.6 pm, 211.9 pm; As-Cl$_{ax}$= 220.7 pm).
The pentachlorides of the elements above and below arsenic in group 15, phosphorus pentachloride and antimony pentachloride are much more stable and the instability of AsCl$_5$ appears anomalous. The cause is believed to be due to incomplete shielding of the nucleus in the 4p elements following the first transition series (i.e. gallium, germanium, arsenic, selenium, bromine, and krypton) which leads to stabilisation of their 4s electrons making them less available for bonding. This effect has been termed the d-block contraction and is similar to the f-block contraction normally termed the lanthanide contraction.