OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# 1st Tony Awards

The First Tony Awards, more formally known as the Antoinette Perry Awards for Excellence in Theatre, were held on April 6, 1947, in the Grand Ballroom of the Waldorf-Astoria Hotel in New York City. Perry was a co-founder of the revived and revised version the American Theatre Wing (ATW) in 1940, and the award were established by the ATW in her memory after her death in 1946. Fellow ATW co-founder Louise Heims Beck was responsible for overseeing the organization of the 1st Tony Awards.

## Background and ceremony

Presented by the ATW, the Awards celebrated "outstanding contributions to the current American theatre season." According to The New York Times, these awards "do not designate their recipients as 'best' or 'first' but the classifications in which they are given will be elastic from year to year." The ceremony, hosted by Brock Pemberton, was broadcast on radio station WOR and the Mutual Network.
The awards got their nickname, "Tonys", during the ceremony itself when Pemberton handed out an award and called it a "Toni", referring to the nickname of Antoinette Perry, co-founder of the American Theatre Wing.
Musicals represented at the ceremony were Street Scene, Brigadoon and Finian's Rainbow. Oklahoma! and Carousel could not be nominated because, while although still playing their original runs at the time of the awards, they had opened too soon to qualify for the awards (Oklahoma! had opened in 1943, and Carousel in 1945).
The award itself was a scroll, an initialed sterling silver compact case for the women, and an engraved gold bill clip or cigarette lighter for the men.

## Winners

Note: nominees are not shown

### Performance

| Award | Winner (s) |
| Actors-Play | José Ferrer in Cyrano de Bergerac Fredric March in Years Ago |
| Actresses-Play | Ingrid Bergman in Joan of Lorraine Helen Hayes in Happy Birthday |
| Tony Award for Outstanding Newcomer | Patricia Neal in Another Part of the Forest |
| Tony Award for Best Performance in a Musical | David Wayne in Finian's Rainbow |

### Craft

| Award | Winner |
| Director | Elia Kazan for All My Sons |
| Costume Designer | Lucinda Ballard for Happy Birthday, Another Part of the Forest, Street Scene, John Loves Mary, The Chocolate Soldier |
| Choreographers | Agnes de Mille for Brigadoon Michael Kidd for Finian's Rainbow |
| Composer | Kurt Weill, Street Scene |

### Special awards

Source: The New York Times
* Dora Chamberlain - "unfailing courtesy as treasurer of the Martin Beck Theatre"
* Mr. and Mrs. Ira Katzenberg - "for enthusiasm as inveterate first-nighters"
* Jules Leventhal - "the season's most prolific backer and producer"
* P.A. MacDonald - "intricate construction for the production of 'If the Shoe Fits'"
* Burns Mantle - "for his annual publication"
* Arthur Miller - author of All My Sons
* Vincent Sardi Sr. - "for providing a transient home and comfort station for theatre folk at Sardi's for twenty years"

### Multiple nominations and awards

The following productions received multiple awards.
* 2 wins: All My Sons, Another Part of the Forest, Finian's Rainbow and Happy Birthday
# USS LST-903

USS Lyman County (LST-903) was an LST-542-class tank landing ship built for the United States Navy during World War II. Named after Lyman County, South Dakota, she was the only U.S. Naval vessel to bear the name.
Originally laid down as USS LST-903 by the Dravo Corporation of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania on 15 October 1944; the ship was launched on 23 December 1944, sponsored by Mrs. E. W. Wilson; and commissioned at New Orleans, Louisiana on 20 January 1945.

## Service history
### World War II, 1945

After shakedown out of St. Andrews Bay, Florida LST-903 departed New Orleans on 21 February for the Pacific. Steaming via the Panama Canal and San Diego, she reached Pearl Harbor on 27 March. During the next seven weeks she participated in intensive amphibious training in Hawaiian waters; and, after embarking Army troops and loading LVTs, she sailed in convoy for the Marianas on 20 May. LST-903 steamed via Eniwetok, arrived Saipan on 10 June, and on 11 July departed on a supply run to Okinawa and Guam.

### Post-war activities, 1945–1946

At the conclusion of hostilities she was operating out of Saipan; thence from 23 to 29 August she steamed to Leyte Gulf for supply runs among the Philippine Islands. Between 20 September and 4 November she made two runs carrying occupation troops from Manila Bay, Luzon to Yokohama, Japan. Departing Japan on 11 November, she sailed via the Marianas and Pearl Harbor and reached San Diego on 31 December. LST-903 operated along the west coast during the next five months before reaching Puget Sound on 1 June 1946 for deactivation.

### Decommissioning and disposal

She decommissioned at Vancouver, Washington on 10 September and entered the Pacific Reserve Fleet. Named USS Lyman County (LST-903) on 1 July 1955, she was designated a target ship on 20 October 1958. Her name was struck from the Naval Vessel Register on 1 November. On 28 March 1959 she was torpedoed by the Menhaden (SS-377) off the coast of Baja California and sank in 720 fathoms of water.
# Choa Chu Kang Road

Choa Chu Kang Road (Chinese: 蔡厝港路) is a road in Singapore which starts from Upper Bukit Timah Road.

## History

Choa Chu Kang Road was originally a continuous road from Upper Bukit Timah Road to Jalan Sungei Poyan. However, as can be seen from historical maps of Singapore, development of the Choa Chu Kang town resulted in Choa Chu Kang Road being dissected into two sections some time between 1975 and 1984. Parts of the original Choa Chu Kang Road within Choa Chu Kang town are now occupied by the present day roads Choa Chu Kang Terrace and the part of Choa Chu Kang Avenue 1 south of Choa Chu Kang Way.

## Road sections

Choa Chu Kang Road is divided into two roads - the one to the east is called Choa Chu Kang Road, and the one to the west is called Old Choa Chu Kang Road.

### Choa Chu Kang Road

The first section is a short stretch from the junctions of Woodlands Road and Upper Bukit Timah Road and ends at the junction of Choa Chu Kang Way and Bukit Batok Road, providing an access to Choa Chu Kang town from Upper Bukit Timah Road. It connects various LRT stations - such as Phoenix LRT station and Teck Whye LRT station, and ITE College West is situated there.

### Old Choa Chu Kang Road

The second and much longer section starts from Sungei Tengah Road all the way to the SAFTI Live Firing Area and SAFTI City Urban Training Facility at Jalan Sungei Poyan, in the vicinity of National Shooting Centre. It is named Old Choa Chu Kang Road (Chinese: 旧蔡厝港路). On 1994, with the partial closure of Choa Chu Kang Road, it was amended via Sungei Tengah Road for the construction of Kranji Expressway.
Old Choa Chu Kang Road leads to a number of military facilities, including Tengah Air Base, Army Logistics Base, Keat Hong Camp, Choa Chu Kang Camp, Poyan 300m Rifle Range, SAFTI City Urban Training Facility and if counting also Lim Chu Kang Road, also Lim Chu Kang Camp, Murai Camp and Sungei Gedong Camp. Home Team Academy is also located along Old Choa Chu Kang Road. The eastern end of Old Choa Chu Kang Road (near the interchange with Kranji Expressway) leads to the Sungei Tengah Argotechnology Park, one of the few farming areas in Singapore. It also leads to the cemetery - called Choa Chu Kang Cemetery.
Old Choa Chu Kang Road has several bus services - services 172 and 975 between KJE and Lim Chu Kang Road, and service 405 between Lim Chu Kang Road and Jalan Sungei Poyan, where the bus makes a U-turn at the end of Old Choa Chu Kang Road.

### Choa Chu Kang Avenue 1

Choa Chu Kang Avenue 1, along the Comfort Garden private estate, the now-demolished Keat Hong Camp I & II (and it was redeveloped into Choa Chu Kang Neighbourhood 8) as well as the nearby seafood restaurant, was part of the section of Choa Chu Kang Road. The remains of Choa Chu Kang Road were also absorbed into Choa Chu Kang Avenue 1 and Avenue 3 respectively.
# Nestucca Formation

The Nestucca Formation is a geologic formation in Oregon. It preserves fossils dating back to the Bartonian to Priabonian stages of the Eocene period.

## Fossil content

The formation has provided fossils of:

### Vertebrates
#### Mammals

* Mammalia indet.

#### Fish

* Heptranchias howelli
* Galeocerdo sp.
* Raja sp.
* Isurus sp.

### Invertebrates
#### Gastropods

* Calliovarica oregonensis

#### Bivalves

* Nucinella oregona

#### Decapods

* Macroacaena alseanus
# Manning Canyon Shale

The Manning Canyon Shale is a geologic formation in Utah, United States. It preserves fossils dating back to the Carboniferous period.
# Min-plus matrix multiplication

Min-plus matrix multiplication, also known as distance product, is an operation on matrices.
Given two $n\times n$ matrices $A=(a_{ij})$ and $B=(b_{ij})$, their distance product $C=(c_{ij})=A\star B$ is defined as an $n\times n$ matrix such that $c_{ij}=\min _{k=1}^{n}\{a_{ik}+b_{kj}\}$. This is standard matrix multiplication for the semi-ring of tropical numbers in the min convention.
This operation is closely related to the shortest path problem. If $W$ is an $n\times n$ matrix containing the edge weights of a graph, then $W^{k}$ gives the distances between vertices using paths of length at most $k$ edges, and $W^{n}$ is the distance matrix of the graph.
# Kohlschneider Formation

The Kohlschneider Formation is a geologic formation in Germany. It preserves fossils dating back to the Carboniferous period.
# Kokomopteroidea

Kokomopteroidea is an extinct superfamily of eurypterids, an extinct group of chelicerate arthropods commonly known as "sea scorpions". It is one of four superfamilies classified as part of the suborder Stylonurina. Kokomopteroids have been recovered from deposits of Early Silurian to Late Devonian age in the United States and the United Kingdom.

## Description

Kokomopteroids are stylonurines with a spiniferous appendage V and a posterior notch on the metastoma. The superfamily forms two distinct clades; the Kokomopteridae (including the genera Kokomopterus and Lamontopterus) and the Hardieopteridae (including the genera Hardieopterus, Tarsopterella and Hallipterus).
The Kokomopteroidea retains primitive Hughmilleria-type prosomal appendages for unsuitable raking through the bottom sediments of marine environments. As such, the members of the superfamily were likely scavengers. The Hardieopteridae display some sweep-feeding characteristics similarly to members of the superfamilies Hibbertopteroidea and Stylonuroidea, including a broadening of the metastoma and the spines of the anterior prosomal appendages. Hardieopterids may even have been benthic bottomdwellers partially living buried in the substrate.

## Systematics and genera

The Kokomopteroids are eurypterids classified as part of the suborder Stylonurina. They are a sister group to the Hibbertopteroidea, united by a median ridge on the carapace between the lateral eyes and a distal thickening to the podomeres of the prosomal appendages. The primitive hibbertopteroid Drepanopterus is a sister taxon to all other hibbertopteroids and shares certain characteristics with the Kokomopteroidea (such as a clavate telson).
Kokomopteroidea contains two families, the Kokomopteridae and Hardieopteridae. The Kokomopteridae is defined as kokomopteroids with undifferentiated opisthosoma with a marginal rim and the appendages II-V being spiniferous as in Lamontopterus, with appendage VI not being spiniferous, as in Kokomopterus. The Hardieopteridae is defined as kokomopteroids with lateral pleurae on the metasoma and pretelson, large lunate scales on the posterior carapace margin and a clavate telson. The opisthosoma shows both second and fourth order differentiation into a mesosoma and metasoma in the Hardieopteridae, with appendage V being spiniferous and VI being non-spiniferous as in Hardieopterus. The Kokomopteridae is only known from the Silurian, the temporal range of the Hardieopteridae extends further to the Late Devonian.
Superfamily Kokomopteroidea Kjellesvig-Waering, 1966
* Family Kokomopteridae Kjellesvig-Waering, 1966
** Kokomopterus Kjellesvig-Waering, 1966
** Lamontopterus Waterston, 1979
* Family Hardieopteridae Tollerton, 1989
** Hallipterus Kjellesvig-Waering, 1963
** Hardieopterus Waterston, 1979
** Tarsopterella Størmer, 1951
# Kongakut Formation

The Kongakut Formation is a geologic formation in Alaska. It preserves fossils dating back to the Cretaceous period.
# Kuna Formation

The Kuna Formation is a geologic formation in Alaska. It preserves fossils dating back to the Carboniferous period.
# Labette Formation

The Labette Formation is a geologic formation in Iowa, United States. It preserves fossils dating back to the Carboniferous period.
# La Casita Formation

The La Casita Formation is a geologic formation in Mexico. It preserves fossils dating back to the Kimmeridgian to lowermost Berriasian. It is laterally equivalent to the La Caja Formation and the Pimienta Formation. The ichthyosaurs Jabalisaurus and Acuetzpalin are known from the formation, as well as the metriorhynchid Dakosaurus and indeterminate pliosaurs.
# Lacave Formation

The Lacave Formation is a geologic formation in France. It preserves fossils dating back to the Cretaceous period.
# Lampasas Group

The Lampasas Group is a geologic group in Indiana. It preserves fossils dating back to the Carboniferous period.
# Lane Formation

The Lane Formation is a geologic formation in Ireland. It preserves fossils dating back to the Carboniferous period.
# Lansing Group

The Lansing Group is a geologic group in Nebraska, Iowa, Missouri and Kansas. It preserves fossils dating back to the Carboniferous period.
# Lanvoy Formation

The Lanvoy Formation is a geologic formation in France. It preserves fossils dating back to the Devonian period.
# Lawmuir Formation

The Lawmuir Formation is a geologic formation in Scotland. It preserves fossils dating back to the Carboniferous period.
# Lebo Member

The Lebo Member is a geologic member of the Fort Union Formation in Montana and Wyoming. It preserves fossils dating back to the Paleogene period.
# Lehman Formation

The Lehman Formation is a geologic formation in Utah. It preserves fossils dating back to the Ordovician period.
# Elizabeth Eleanor Field

Elizabeth Eleanor Field was a British chemist and the Head of Chemistry at Royal Holloway College for two decades. She is also noted as one of the nineteen signatories of the 1904 petition which aimed to grant women the status of Fellows of the Chemical Society.

## Education

Field graduated from Newnham College, Cambridge, in 1887 and worked as Assistant Demonstrator in Chemistry from 1889 to 1890. She undertook research under Matthew Moncrieff Pattison Muir as part of her Bathurst studentship from 1891 to 1893.

## Career

Field left Cambridge to work for two years as assistant mistress (teacher) at Liverpool College for Girls from 1893 to 1895 before taking up the role of Lecturer and Head of Chemistry at the Royal Holloway College where she remained for the next nineteen years until 1913.

## The 1904 petition

Female heads of department at Royal Holloway College were given the title of Senior Staff Lecturer while their male counterparts were titled Professor.
In 1904, Field, along with eighteen other British women chemists, signed a petition setting out their reasons to the Chemical Society why they should be afforded Fellowship status like their male counterparts. The petition eventually led to the admission of women as Fellows of the Society (one of the Societies that amalgamated to become the Royal Society of Chemistry), as well as identifying prominent female chemists working in Britain at this time.
Mildred Gostling, was another of the notable names on the list of petition signatories. She obtained her degree from Royal Holloway College in 1897 so is almost certainly to have been taught by Field.
# Leithsville Formation

The Leithsville Formation is a geologic formation in New Jersey. It preserves fossils dating back to the Cambrian period.
# Leonard Series

The Leonard Series is a geologic group in Oklahoma. It preserves fossils dating back to the Permian period.
# Glendale, Calgary

Glendale is a residential neighbourhood in the southwest quadrant of Calgary, Alberta. It is located south of 17th Avenue SW, east of Sarcee Trail and Signal Hill and west of 37 Street SW and Killarney. The Optimist Athletic Park is located in this community.
It is represented in the Calgary City Council by the Ward 6 councillor.
The 45 Street CTrain Station is located on the northern portion of the community, with it being directly on the community boundary between Glendale and Westgate.

## Demographics

In the City of Calgary's 2012 municipal census, Glendale had a population of 2,749 living in 1,111 dwellings, a 0.7% increase from its 2011 population of 2,730. With a land area of 1.4 km$^2$ (0.54 sq mi), it had a population density of 1,960/km$^2$ (5,090/sq mi) in 2012.
Residents in this community had a median household income of $55,400 in 2000, and there were 10.2% low income residents living in the neighbourhood. As of 2000, 18% of the residents were immigrants. A proportion of 9.1% of the buildings were condominiums or apartments, and 20.1% of the housing was used for renting.

## Crime

Crime Data :
| Year | Crime Rate (/100) |
| 2018 | 2.7 |
| 2019 | 3.5 |
| 2020 | 3.7 |
| 2021 | 3.1 |
| 2022 | 3.8 |
| 2023 | 2.8 |

## Education

The community is served by Glendale Elementary and Glenmeadow Elementary public schools, as well as by St. Gregory Junior High (Catholic).
# Polar

Polar may refer to:

## Geography

* Geographical pole, either of the two points on Earth where its axis of rotation intersects its surface
** Polar climate, the climate common in polar regions
** Polar regions of Earth, locations within the polar circles, referred to as the Arctic and Antarctic

### Places

* Polar, Wisconsin, town in Langlade County, Wisconsin, United States
** Polar (community), Wisconsin, unincorporated community in Langlade County, Wisconsin, United States

## Arts, entertainment and media

* Polar (webcomic), a webcomic and series of graphic novels by Víctor Santos
* Polar (film), a 2019 Netflix film adaption of the above comic series
* Polar, a 2002 novel by T. R. Pearson

### Music

* Polar Music, a record label
* Polar Studios, music studio of ABBA in Sweden
* Polar (album), second album by the High Water Marks
* Polars (album), an album by the Dutch metal band, Textures

## Brands and enterprises

* Polar Air Cargo, an American airline
* Polar Airlines, a Russian airline
* Polar Beverages, an American soft drink company
* Polar Electro, a Finnish manufacturer of sports training computers
* Sisu Polar, a truck model series produced by the Finnish heavy vehicle producer Sisu Auto

## Linguistics

* Grammatical polarity, a grammatical category of affirmative vs. negative
* Polar question, a question that can be answered yes or no

## Mathematics

* Polar point group, a symmetry in geometry and crystallography
* Pole and polar (a point and a line), a construction in geometry
** Polar cone
** Polar coordinate system, uses a central point and angles
** Polar curve (a point and a curve), a generalization of a point and a line
** Polar set, with respect to a bilinear pairing of vector spaces

## Science and technology

* Polar (star), a strongly magnetic cataclysmic variable star system
* Polar (satellite), a satellite launched by NASA in 1996
* Chemical polarity, a concept in chemistry which describes how equally bonding electrons are shared between atoms
* POLAR III and POLAR II, a pedestrian test dummy created by Honda, used to study pedestrian injuries in road traffic accidents
* Polar curve (aviation), a diagram that depicts the gliding performance of an aircraft
* Polar fleece, an insulating synthetic wool fabric
* Polar organelle, a specialised region of the cell membrane found surrounding the flagella base(s) in some bacteria
* Polar overdominance a form of genetic mutation

## Other uses

* Polar (musician), Norwegian electronic music producer
# Mao Adentro Formation

The Mao Adentro Formation is a geologic group in Dominican Republic. It preserves fossils dating back to the Neogene period.
# Yang Xiaolei

Yang Xiaolei (born 28 June 2000) is a Chinese archer. She competed in the women's individual event at the 2020 Summer Olympics.
# Yin Junhua

Yin Junhua (Simplified Chinese:尹 军花, born 27 August 1990) is a Chinese boxer from Xingtai. She won a silver medal in the women's lightweight event at the 2016 Summer Olympics, losing to Estelle Mossely by a split decision in the final.
# Yang Junxuan

Yang Junxuan (Chinese: 杨浚瑄; pinyin: Yáng Jùnxuān, born 26 January 2002) is a Chinese swimmer specializing in freestyle events. At the 2020 Summer Olympics, she won gold in the 4x200 metre freestyle relay.

## Career

Yang competed at the 2018 Asian Games in the following competitions: 100 metre freestyle winning bronze in 54.17, 200 metre freestyle winning silver in 1:57.48, women's 4 × 100 metre freestyle relay winning the silver medal and 4 x 200 m freestyle relay winning gold.
At the 2018 Summer Youth Olympics in Buenos Aires, Yang won bronze in the 50 metre freestyle event in 25.47, silver in the 100 metre freestyle event in 54.43 and silver in the 200 metre freestyle event in 1:58.05, as well as gold in the 4 x 100 metre relay event (her time of 53.99 being the best of all participants) and gold in the mixed 4 x 100 metre medley relay event.
Yang Junxuan won gold in all seven swimming events she competed in at the 2019 Wuhan Military World Games.
At the 2020 Tokyo Olympics, held in 2021, Yang contributed to China's gold medal in the 4x200 metre freestyle relay, with her team setting a world record. She also won silver in the 4x100 metre mixed medley.
At the 2024 Paris Olympics, Yang and her team won bronze in the 4x100m freestyle relays and set a new Asian record with a time of 3:30.30, surpassing their previous record from the 2023 World Championships. Yang, who was in the starting leg, set a new Chinese national record in the 100-metre freestyle with a time of 52.48. Yang's 51.96 final freestyle anchor-leg swim in the Mixed 4x100m Medley Relay race helped her team beat the previous world record time of 3:37.58 set by Great Britain at the Tokyo Olympics with a time of 3:37.55, however she and her team had to settle for the Silver medal as the U.S. swim team captured the Gold medal with a faster new world record time of 3:37.43.
# Tony Minnis

Tony Minnis was the head women's tennis coach at Louisiana State University from 1992 to 2011. His father, Howard, was the former head tennis coach at Southern University. His sister, Patricia, played tennis at LSU from 1988 to '91, and his brother, Patrick, is a former No. 1 singles player at University of Louisiana at Lafayette.
Minnis played high school tennis at Redemptorist High School in Baton Rouge and collegiately for UL Lafayette. As a player, Minnis competed in the 1988 NCAA Team Championships and was a semifinalist at the NIT in 1986. During his four years, the Ragin' Cajuns had a 78–39 overall record and finished each year ranked in the Top 25. In his senior season, UL Lafayette was ranked 15th in the final polls and advanced to the second round of the NCAA Championships. He graduated from UL Lafayette in 1988 with a degree in finance and earned an MBA in 1996.
Minnis succeeded Geoff Macdonald as head coach of LSU in 1992. Entering the 2008 season, his overall record stands at 208–162 in 15 seasons as head coach of the Tigers. His teams have played in 11 consecutive NCAA Tournaments. He was named the 1997 SEC Coach of the Year and is the winningest women's tennis coach in LSU history, with over 250 wins.
# Zhang Xinyu (swimmer)

Zhang Xinyu (born 9 March 1997) is a Chinese swimmer. She competed in the women's 100 metre breaststroke event at the 2016 Summer Olympics.