OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Gottlieb Samuel Studer

Gottlieb Samuel Studer (5 August 1804 in Langnau im Emmental – 22 December 1890 in Vienna) was a Swiss mountaineer, notary public and draughtsman.
Studer was the son of Sigmund Gottlieb Studer. After the death of his father, the Studer family moved to Bern, where Studer was secretary to the cantonal justice and police department, later becoming prefect (Regierungsstatthalter) of the city of Bern.
In September 1843 he made the first ascent of the Wildhorn (3,248 m) in the Bernese Alps.
Together with the geologist Theodor Simler and Dr Melchior Ulrich, Studer was inspired by the establishment of the British Alpine Club in 1857 to form a Swiss counterpart. This led to the founding on 19 April 1863 of the Swiss Alpine Club (SAC) at a meeting in the Bahnhofbuffet Olten, the railway restaurant in the Swiss town of Olten. The club was 'a broader and more democratic association than the Alpine Club'. Studer was president of the Bern section of the SAC from 1863–1873, and he was honorary president from 1873 to his death.
In 1866 Studer left the service of the state and dedicated himself to the history of Alpine exploration. The years 1869–1871 were spent writing Über Eis und Schnee, a three-volume history of the climbing of the Swiss Alps.
Over the course of 60 years Studer climbed 650 summits, in the Bernese Alps, the Pennine Alps, the Dauphiné, the Tyrol, the Pyrenees and Norway. At the age of 68 he climbed Mont Blanc; when he was 79 he climbed Pic d'Arzinol in the Valais; and at 81 the Niederhorn.
# Left My Blues in San Francisco

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
| The Encyclopedia of Popular Music | |
| The New Rolling Stone Album Guide | |
Left My Blues in San Francisco is the debut studio album by American blues artist Buddy Guy, released in 1967. Future Rotary Connection producer and keyboardist Charles Stepney provided orchestration and drums on some tracks. The album is a mix of older blues tunes and three Buddy Guy originals.

## Critical reception

Reviewing a reissue, The Advocate wrote that "the album’s hodgepodge of styles—soul, rhythm and blues, pop and blues—forms a fascinating time capsule from which Guy’s irrepressible personality and fiery guitar do emerge."

## Personnel

* Buddy Guy - lead guitar, lead vocals
* Gene Barge - tenor saxophone on tracks 1, 2, 7, 9, 10 and 11, production & orchestration
* Lefty Bates - rhythm guitar on track 4
* Milton Bland - tenor saxophone on track 8
* Reggie Boyd - bass guitar on tracks 2, 9, and 11
* Jarrett Gibson - tenor saxophone on track 4
* Lafayette Leake - Hammond organ on track 4
* Abe Locke - tenor saxophone on track 4
* Jack Meyers - bass on track 4
* Matt "Guitar" Murphy - guitar on tracks 2, 8, 9 and 11
* A.C. Reed - tenor saxophone on track 8
* Leroy Stewart - bass guitar on track 8
* Charles Stepney - orchestration, drums on tracks 1, 7, and 10
* Phil Thomas - drums on tracks 2, 4, 9, and 11
* Sonny Turner - trumpet on track 4
* Phil Upchurch - bass guitar on tracks 1, 7, and 10
* Murray Watson - trumpet on track 4
A number of the names of the musicians who contributed to these sessions have been lost to posterity. These are the baritone saxophonist on tracks 1, 7 and 10; bassist on tracks 3, 5 and 6; drummer on tracks 3, 5, 6 and 8; rhythm guitarist on tracks 1, 5, 7 and 10; organist on tracks 3 and 8; pianist on tracks 1, 2, 5, 6, 7, 9, 10 and 11; and tenor saxophonist on tracks 1, 5, 6, 7 and 10

### Technical

* Ron Malo - recording supervisor, engineer
* Max Cooperstein - supervision
* Jerry Griffith - album design, cover photography
* Bill Utterback - illustration
# Tigran Arzakantsyan

Tigran Grishayi Arzakantsyan (Armenian: Տիգրան Գրիշայի Արզաքանցյան; born 7 August 1966) is an Armenian businessman and politician who formerly served as a deputy of the National Assembly of Armenia. He is the owner of the Great Valley wine and cognac company and is the current Chairman of the Strength of the Fatherland party.

## Biography

Tigran Arzakantsyan was born on 7 August 1966 in the city of Kamo of the Armenian SSR (now Gavar in Gegharkunik Province).
From 1979 to 1984, he studied at the Zootechnic and Veterinary College of Kamo and graduated as a veterinary technician. After graduation he was drafted into the Soviet Army and served there from 1984 to 1986.
From 1986 to 1998, Arzakantsyan was engaged in business in Russia. In 1998, together with Robert Azaryan he established the Great Valley wine and cognac company. In 2003, he founded the Tigran Arzakantsyan Charitable Foundation, which is managed by his mother, Varsenik Grigoryan. In 2008, he bought one of the factories of Hine Cognac House located in France.
Outside of the cognac business, he also owns 51% of the shares in Paramount Gold Mining CJSC, which is engaged in gold mining in Armenia.

## Political activity

In the parliamentary elections on 25 May 2003, he was elected as a deputy of the third convocation of the National Assembly of Armenia from the Republican Party of Armenia. He was a member of the standing committee on financial, credit, budgetary and economic issues.
In the parliamentary elections on 12 May 2007, he was elected as a deputy of the fourth convocation of the National Assembly from the Republican Party of Armenia in election district 22 of Gegharkunik Province. From 19 June 2007 to 11 July 2008, he was a member of the standing committee on healthcare, maternity and childhood, then until 4 May 2009 he was a member of the standing committee on social issues, from 4 May 2009 until the end of the fourth convocation he a member of a standing committee on economic issues. A number of Armenian media sources named him one of the most frequent absentees of parliament sessions.
In 2016, the State Revenue Committee of Armenia charged him with inflicting of major damage to the state.
In the 2017 parliamentary elections, he again ran for parliament from the Republican Party of Armenia in Gegharkunik Province, but he lost to his party fellows in his election district and was not elected as a deputy of the new convocation.
Arzakantsyan was set to head the electoral list of the Democratic Party of Armenia in the 2021 Armenian parliamentary election held on 20 June 2021. However, on 10 June, he was disqualified from running for office as he was unable to meet the residency requirement (out of the past 1,461 days, Arzakantsyan had been absent from the country for 1,005 of them). In order to participate in an election, a candidate must be resident in Armenia for four years preceding the election date.
On 3 April 2022, Arzakantsyan founded the Strength of the Fatherland party and was nominated its Chairman.

## Personal life

Arzakantsyan has three children from his first marriage. He is currently married to Natalia Rotenberg.
# Bob Barrows

Robert "Bob" Barrows is an American aircraft designer and engine builder of light aircraft. Best known as the designer of several Bearhawk planes, he is also a mechanical engineer, and A&P licensed aviation mechanic.

## Career

Barrows is the designer of the Bearhawk Patrol, Companion, 4-Place, and Model 5 light aircraft, as well as the Bearhawk LSA light-sport aircraft.
Prior to designing the first aircraft in the Bearhawk series, the 4-Place, Barrows designed and built a STOL high wing plane called the Grasshopper and an aerobatic biplane. After designing his four-seat Bearhawk in the early 1990s, Barrows started using airfoils designed by Harry Riblett in his Bearhawk designs.
In April 2019, Barrows was injured in his Bearhawk LSA when he clipped power lines on approach to land. The LSA's steel tube design resisted crumpling beyond the firewall.
# Pachyarmatherium

Pachyarmatherium is a genus of extinct large armadillo-like cingulates found in North and South America from the Pliocene and Pleistocene epochs, related to the extant armadillos and the extinct pampatheres and glyptodonts. It was present from 4.9 Mya to 11,000 years ago, existing for approximately 4.889 million years.

## Taxonomy

Pachyarmatherium was named by Downing and White (1995). Its type is P. leiseyi. It was assigned to Dasypodoidea by Downing and White (1995), and tentatively to Glyptodontidae by McKenna and Bell (1997). A cladistic analysis performed by de O. Porpino et al. (2009) led to the conclusion that Pachyarmatherium is a sister group to a clade consisting of Glyptodontidae and Pampatheriidae. Oliveira et al. (2013) suggest that Pachyarmatherium is a possible dasypodid.

## Fossil distribution of Pachyarmatherium
### P. leiseyi

* Kissimmee River site, Tamiami Formation, Okeechobee County, Florida ~4.9—1.8 Mya.
* Haile 16A Site, Alachua County, Florida ~1.8 Mya.—300,000 years ago.
* Payne Creek Mine, Polk County, Florida ~1.8 Mya—300,000 years ago.
* Leisey Shell Pit 1A, Bermont Formation, Hillsborough County, Florida ~1.8—300,000 years ago.

### P. tenebris

* Zumbador Cave (= Cueva del Zumbador) - Capadare Formation, Falcón, Venezuela, Pleistocene
* Cueva El Miedo (= Cave Fear), Capadare Formation, Lujanian, Falcón, Venezuela, ~800,000-11,000 BP

### P. brasiliense

Lajedo de Escada, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil, Late Pleistocene, 100,000 years BP
# Suddenly (Arash song)

"Suddenly" is a song by Iranian-Swedish Persian pop singer Arash for his second album Donya, featuring the Swedish singer Rebecca Zadig. It was released by Warner Music Sweden on June 19, 2008 becoming a summer hit in Sweden. The song is bilingual. The main verses are sung by Arash in Persian and the chorus in English by Rebecca Zadig and contains a sample of Algerian classic Abdel Kader. A second version retitled "Près de toi" (near you) released one year later, featuring the French-Algerian raï singer Najim and also Rebecca becoming trilingual French/Persian/English.

## Charts
### Weekly charts

| Chart (2008) | Peak position |
| Sweden (Sverigetopplistan) | 8 |
| Bulgaria (Singles Top 40) | 32 |
# Marnos Formation

The Marnos Formation is a geologic formation in France. It preserves fossils dating back to the Cretaceous period.
# Jason Hsiao

Jason Hsiao is the president and co-founder of Animoto, an online video creation service, and a former television producer. Hsiao graduated from Dartmouth College.

## Television career

Hsiao pursued a career in entertainment and produced television and live-event comedies. He was the creator and co-executive producer of Dirty Stinkin' Politics, a political comedy series for Comedy Central, which he developed with Eddie Feldman. He also produced Comedy Central's Showbiz Show with David Spade, and MTV2's sketch comedy show Stankervision and MTV's Viva La Bam. Jason worked with comedians Jimmy Fallon (2002 MTV VMA's), Chris Rock (2003 MTV VMA's), and Colin Quinn (Comedy Central's Tough Crowd).
At Tough Crowd, Jason produced segments for comics including Jerry Seinfeld, George Carlin, Dave Chappelle, Sarah Silverman, and Jon Stewart. He made his television debut in a sketch with Denis Leary playing his dream role as a beaten and tied-up Vietnamese villager. He was the creator and producer of New York's Sketch Fights, a live-event competition between TV comedy writers at Carolines Comedy Club. In 2003, Jason produced the stage comedy Matt & Ben which was featured at the HBO Aspen Comedy Festival and then toured across the United States in 12 cities. The play's 11-month Off-Broadway run in New York City was listed among the top five shows of 2003 by Time Magazine.

## Animoto

In 2006, Hsiao founded Animoto along with Steve Clifton, Tom Clifton and Brad Jefferson. He currently resides in Brooklyn, where he guides the company’s strategy, product development and innovation for online video creation service.
# Leepa Valley

The Leepa Valley (Urdu: وادی لیپہ) is an arable valley situated in the Jehlum Valley of Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Pakistan. It is located approximately 110 kilometres (68 mi) from the capital city of Muzaffarabad. The total area of Leepa is 9 km. The valley is divided into the Nowkot, Kasirkot, Dao Khan, Leepa, and Chananian sectors. The most beautiful part of it is Dao Khan, and Nowkot. Some Major casts of Leepa is Malik, sayed, Awan, Chodary. The famous point of Leepa valley is Shamas bari view. There is one famous River, Qazi Nagh.

## History

Leepa Valley was formerly part of Karnah tehsil of Kupwara district in Jammu and Kashmir. The valley is now part of Jhelum Valley District in Azad Kashmir, Pakistan. It has been an area of strife among the two neighboring countries.

## Population

The population of Leepa Valley is about 80,000.

## Geography

Leepa valley is situated 10,000 feet (3,000 m) above sea level. Snowfall occurs regularly throughout the year.
Rice and apple fields can be found frequently in the whole valley. The Line of Control, which separates it from Jammu and Kashmir, can be seen from anywhere while standing in the valley from east to west.

## Languages

The main language which is spoken in the valley is Kashmiri, followed by Pahari-Pothwari and Gojari.
# Michael Pengilly

Michael Redding Pengilly (born 13 June 1950) is an Australian politician who is the mayor of Kangaroo Island. He formerly represented the South Australian House of Assembly seat of Finniss from the 2006 election to 2018, representing the Liberal Party.

## Career

Pengilly is a resident of Victor Harbor, and first served as the mayor of Kangaroo Island as well as chairman of the SA Country Fire Service Board from 1995 to 2000. He was also the chairman of the Hills Mallee and Southern Regional Health Service Board for 8 years. The 2006 election saw Pengilly elected with a two-party margin of 6.5 percent, 9.1 percent less than under Dean Brown. Pengilly recovered 5.8 percent of the two-party vote at the 2010 election. He was elected mayor of Kangaroo Island for a second term in 2018.

## Controversies

Pengilly controversially labelled Prime Minister Julia Gillard a "dog" on social media site Twitter on 24 November 2011, following her successful move to boost her government's numbers in House of Representatives by replacing Harry Jenkins as Speaker with Liberal National Party member Peter Slipper. That put Pengilly at risk of losing Liberal preselection for his seat of Finniss. In March the following year he remarked in Parliament that Transport Minister Chloe Fox "ought to be put down, fair dinkum" further jeopardising his preselection chances. The Fox comment was the latest in a series of at least four gaffes.
Pengilly has also supported the prospect of seal culling in South Australia in defense of the interests of the fishing industry. In 2015 he said of the animals:
   "Common sense dictates that where seals are way out of control and impacting on fishing, the Government needs to take a common sense approach rather than a foolish, do-nothing situation before (if it’s not happening already) people take the law into their own hands and do it anyway... Seals are in plague proportions, (and they) are not warm and cuddly, but highly invasive, aggressive animals.”
In 2015, Pengilly expressed his support for Oceanic Victor to establish an enterprise similar to Swim with Tuna (which was previously located near Port Lincoln) on and in waters adjacent Granite Island. Pengilly also praised the company's "transparency." Oceanic Victor is directed by Tony Santic of Tony's Tuna International.
Pengilly did not re-contest his seat at the 2018 election.
Pengilly was elected mayor of the Kangaroo Island Council in November 2018, defeating incumbent Peter Clements.
# Daisy Betts

Daisy Betts Miller (born 1 February 1982) is an Australian actress, who starred in Out of the Blue and Persons Unknown. Betts appeared in the 2010 motion picture Caught Inside, directed by Adam Blaiklock and starring Ben Oxenbould, Sam Lyndon, Simon Lyndon, Leeanna Walsman, Harry Cook, and Peter Phelps. Betts starred on the ABC TV series Last Resort playing Lieutenant Grace Shepard.

## Personal life

Daisy Betts was born in Sydney, New South Wales. She has three sisters. She studied commerce and psychology before deciding to pursue a career in acting.
She has a daughter and a son with her husband Paul Miller.

## Career

Betts made her television debut as Amber, a minor character on the final show of the 2006 Australian TV movie Small Claims. She had a small role as the character Natasha in the 2008 American horror film Shutter, and a recurring role as Sally Blake, the wife of Chris Blake, on the 2007–2008 Australian TV series Sea Patrol. In 2008, Betts performed in the most prominent role of her career, as the major character Peta Lee on 59 episodes of the Australian/UK soap opera, Out of the Blue.
In 2010, she was cast as Janet Cooper on the NBC thriller Persons Unknown. She played a single mother from San Francisco who owned a daycare center, and was mysteriously abducted. After the abduction, her character appeared in a ghost town with several strangers. She became the object of desire for multiple characters (both male and female) in the town.
Betts starred in the Independent Australian film Caught Inside, which was released in September 2010, and starred as Lieutenant Grace Shepard in the ABC military drama series Last Resort, which premiered on September 27, 2012. In 2014, she had a recurring role on Chicago Fire as Rebecca Jones.
Most recently, Betts played Helen Smallbone in the film Unsung Hero, which documents the early life of Rebecca St. James, Joel Smallbone, Luke Smallbone, and their family after they immigrate from Australia to America.

## Filmography
### Film

| Year | Title | Role | Notes |
| 2008 | Shutter | Natasha | |
| 2010 | Caught Inside | Sam | |
| 2015 | The Recruit | Felix Verlin | Short |
| 2017 | Weddings Inc. | Jenny | Short |
| 2024 | Unsung Hero | Helen Smallbone | |

### Television

| Year | Title | Role | Notes |
| 2006 | Small Claims: The Reunion | Amber | TV film |
| 2007-11 | Sea Patrol | Sally Blake | Recurring role |
| 2008 | All Saints | Jennifer Constable | "Caught in a Trap" |
| 2008 | Out of the Blue | Peta Lee | Main role |
| 2010 | Persons Unknown | Janet Cooper | Main role |
| 2011 | Georgetown | Samantha 'Sam' Whitman | TV film |
| 2011 | East West 101 | TV Reporter | "The Hero's Standard" |
| 2011 | Harry's Law | Bethany Sanders | "Hosanna Roseanna", "There Will Be Blood", "Sins of the Father" |
| 2012-13 | Last Resort | Lt. Grace Shepard | Main role |
| 2014 | Chicago Fire | Rebecca Jones | Recurring role |
| 2015 | Castle | A.J. | "XY", "XX" |
| 2015 | The Player | Virginia "Ginny" Lee | Recurring role |
| 2015 | Childhood's End | Ellie Stormgren | TV miniseries |
| 2017 | Keiks & Gigi | Keiks | TV film |
| 2017 | Girlfriends' Guide to Divorce | Gemma | Recurring role |
# Let the Eagle Soar

"Let the Eagle Soar" is a song written by former Missouri Senator and U.S. Attorney General John Ashcroft, who is seen singing the song at a Gordon-Conwell Theological Seminary function on February 23, 2002. The song was sung during President of the United States George W. Bush's second inauguration in January 2005 by Guy Hovis, a vocalist from the 1970s variety program The Lawrence Welk Show.
On July 4, 2011 Angela McKenzie, a singer and radio personality of the syndicated program Initiative Radio with Angela McKenzie, quietly released a contemporary Country music version of the song as a digital download with the official approval and blessing of John Ashcroft.

## Background

John Ashcroft sang in The Singing Senators, a group of U.S. Senators who sang as a barbershop quartet.

## In popular culture

* "Let the Eagle Soar" was sung by lil' John Ashcroft on an episode of Lil' Bush.
* It has also been frequently mocked on late-night comedy shows such as The Daily Show with Jon Stewart, The Colbert Report and the Late Show with David Letterman.
* It is part of Michael Moore's documentary Fahrenheit 9/11, and is also featured in the trailer.
* It was used in the 2015 film The Big Short and the 2021 film Don't Look Up.
# Matawan Formation

The Matawan Formation is a geologic formation in Maryland and New Jersey. It preserves fossils dating back to the Cretaceous period.
A description of the formation in Maryland from the USGS Tolochester Folio (1917) follows:
    The formation consists chiefly of glauconitic sand intimately mixed with dark-colored clay, but all through the material small flakes of mica are abundant. In some places the deposits consist almost entirely of black clay; in others, particularly where the upper beds are exposed, the arenaceous phase is predominant, and some beds consist entirely of sand ranging in color from white to dark greenish-black. Where the glauconite decomposes, the iron oxidizes and the materials are stained reddish-brown and in places are firmly indurated by the iron oxide. In places a small layer of gravel lies at the base of the formation. Small amounts of pyrite are occasionally seen. A prominent feature in several exposures of the Matawan formation in this quadrangle is the presence of large spherical to oblong concretions of clay ironstone, in places very numerous and attaining a length of 5 feet and a thickness of 3 feet. They stand erect in the formation in most places. In the erosion of the bluffs of the formation, they persist long after the inclosing loose sands and sandy clays have been removed and are found scattered over the beaches in large numbers. They are especially noticeable on Dutch Ship Island, on the west side of Gibson Island, and in the high bluff at the mouth of Lloyd Creek.
# Jodi Bieber

Jodi Bieber (born 1966) is a South African photographer. Her photograph of Bibi Aisha, a woman from Afghanistan whose ears and nose were severed by her husband and brother-in-law, was selected as the World Press Photo of the Year in 2010.

## Early life and work

Bieber was born in 1966 in Johannesburg. In the early 1990s she attended the Market Photo Workshop and covered the 1994 South African general election, South Africa's first democratic elections, for The Star. She trained under Ken Oosterbroek in 1993 and worked in South Africa until 1996. In 2000 she covered an ebola outbreak in Uganda for The New York Times Magazine.

## Approach to photography

Bieber has said that her work is not photojournalism: "I do not aspire to objectivity. I'm simply a photographer. I show what I see and what strikes me, always from my point of view."

## Bibi Aisha

Bibi Aisha, then 18, was disfigured after being convicted by the Taliban of taking refuge from a violent husband in her family home. Her story was part of a 2010 Time report into the conditions of Afghan women (see Women's rights in Afghanistan), in conjunction with which Bieber's photo was featured on the magazine's front cover. David Burnett, the chair of the World Press Photo (WPP) jury, said of Bieber's photo of Aisha, "This could become one of those pictures – and we have maybe just ten in our lifetime – where if somebody says, 'You know, that picture of a girl … ', you know exactly which one they're talking about." The Photo of the Year award was Bieber's tenth WPP prize.
Speaking about the photograph, Bieber said "I could have made a photograph with her looking or being portrayed more as the victim. And I thought 'no, this woman is beautiful.'" In a 2014 essay Hilary Janks discussed Bieber's concern for Aisha's beauty and questioned whether "the mutilation [would] have been less reprehensible if Aisha had not been young and beautiful".

## Other work

Bieber's book Soweto depicting contemporary scenes from the township of Soweto in Johannesburg, was published in 2010. Bieber described the book as an attempt to counter stereotypes about Soweto and to rectify the absence of representations of post-Apartheid Soweto.
During the lockdown imposed in response to the COVID-19 pandemic in South Africa, Bieber published on Instagram a series of photographs of her husband Francois in various costumes.

## Publications

* Between Dogs and Wolves: Growing up with South Africa. Stockport: Dewi Lewis, 1996. ISBN 978-1904587323.
* Soweto. Jacana, 2010. ISBN 978-1770098060. With an introduction by Niq Mhlongo.
* Real Beauty. 2014. Pagina, Goch/Germany, 2014. ISBN 978-3-944146-11-9.