OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Sigapatella

Sigapatella is a genus of small to medium-sized sea snails, marine gastropod molluscs in the family Calyptraeidae, the slipper snails, Chinese hat snails, and cup-and-saucer snails.

## Taxonomy

This group of species was originally classified under Calyptraea (Sigapatella) by Lesson in 1830. In 1990 the subgenus was elevated to the rank of genus as Sigapatella by Beu et al. and confirmed in 2000 by Camacho et al. (2000)

## Description

The oval shell has a lateral apex. The interior plate has a submarginal axis. The free margin is concave.

## Species

Species within the genus Sigapatella include:
* † Sigapatella americana Ortmann 1900
* Sigapatella calyptraeformis (Lamarck)
* † Sigapatella crater (Finlay, 1926)
* † Sigapatella gigantea (Beu, 1970)
* Sigapatella hedleyi (Smith, 1915) Hedley's shelf limpet
* † Sigapatella maccoyi (Suter, 1917)
* † Sigapatella mapalia Marwick, 1929
* Sigapatella novaezelandiae (Lesson, 1830)
* Sigapatella nukumaruana Marshall, 2003
* Sigapatella ohopeana Marshall, 2003
* † Sigapatella otamatea Laws, 1944
* † Sigapatella patulosa Powell and Bartrum, 1929
* † Sigapatella perampla (Powell & Bartrum, 1929)
* Sigapatella spadicea Boshier, 1961
* † Sigapatella subvaricosa Powell & Bartrum, 1929
* Sigapatella superstes Fleming, 1958
* Sigapatella tenuis (Gray, 1867)
* Sigapatella terraenovae (Peile, 1924)
* Sigapatella subvaricosa Powell and Partrum, 1929
* † Sigapatella vertex J. Marwick, 1926
* † Sigapatella (Spirogalerus) lamellaria (Finlay & Marwick, 1937) (synonym: Spirogalerus lamellaria Finlay & Marwick 1937)

### Species brought into synonymy

* Sigapatella maculata Suter, 1913 : synonym of Sigapatella novaezelandiae (Lesson, 1830)
# Musashi

Musashi (武蔵) is a Japanese name, which may refer to:

## People

* Miyamoto Musashi (宮本 武蔵, c. 1584 – 1645), Japanese master swordsman, painter, and author of The Book of Five Rings
* Musashi Kanbe (かんべ むさし, born 1948), Japanese science fiction writer
* Musashi Mizushima (水島 武蔵, born 1964), Japanese former professional footballer
* Musashi (kickboxer) (武蔵, born 1972), Japanese retired kickboxer
* Mark Musashi (マーク 武蔵, born 1977), Wushu martial artist and actor
* Musashi Okuyama (奥山 武宰士, born 1991), Japanese footballer

## Places

* Musashi Province, an old province of Japan
* Musashi Imperial Graveyard
* Musashi, Ōita, Japan
* Musashi University
* Musashi-Kosugi Station

## Science

* Musashi-1, RNA-binding protein Musashi homolog 1
* Musashi-2, RNA-binding protein Musashi homolog 2

## Transportation

* List of ships named Musashi
* Limited express Musashi trains on the Seibu Ikebukuro Line

## Entertainment

* Musashi (novel), a 1935 novel by Eiji Yoshikawa
* Musashi's, a Japanese feline musical group
* Musashi, a 1974 manga written by Kazuo Koike and illustrated by Noboru Kawasaki
* Brave Fencer Musashi, a 1998 PlayStation video game
* Musashi: Samurai Legend, a 2005 PlayStation 2 video game
* Vagabond (manga), a 1998 manga by mangaka Takehiko Inoue

## Characters

* Joe Musashi, the protagonist of the Shinobi video games
* Musashi, the protagonist of the video games Brave Fencer Musashi and Musashi: Samurai Legend
* Musashi, a character in Eyeshield 21
* Musashi (Pokémon) or Jessie, a member of The Team Rocket trio in Pokémon
* Musashi (Shugo Chara!), a character in Shugo Chara!
* Musashi Haruno, the main character in Ultraman Cosmos
* Musashi Natsuki, the protagonist of Musashi no Ken
* Musashi Tomoe, a character in the mecha series Getter Robo
* Musashi, the protagonist of the video game Sushi Striker: The Way of Sushido
* Musashi, the main character of the manga/anime Orient by Shinobu Ohtaka
# Trithuria inconspicua subsp. brevistyla

Trithuria inconspicua subsp. brevistyla is a subspecies of Trithuria inconspicua in the family Hydatellaceae endemic to the South Island of New Zealand.

## Description
### Vegetative characteristics

It is a 10–40 mm tall, aquatic, perennial, rhizomatous herb with adventitious roots as well as 8–37 mm long, and 0.4–0.6 mm wide leaves.

### Generative characteristics

Only female plants are known. Male reproductive structures have not been observed. The 1–5, unisexual, female reproductive units ("flowers") consist of glabrous, terete, 1–6 mm long, and 0.3–0.4 mm wide stalks, which do not elongate with maturity, 2–4(–7) ovate, 1.6–4.0 mm long involucral bracts, and 9–25 carpels with short stigmatic hairs. The globose to ovoid fruit is 0.39–0.56 mm long, and 0.3–0.5 mm wide. It is an apomictic species. Flowering occurs from January to February and fruiting occurs from March to May.

### Differentiation from Trithuria inconspicua subsp. inconspicua

It differs from the autonymous subspecies Trithuria inconspicua subsp. inconspicua in respect to the morphology of the reproductive structures (stalks not elongating with maturity, short stigmatic hairs, and globose to ovoid fruits). In addition, male reproductive structures are known from Trithuria inconspicua subsp. inconspicua, whereas Trithuria inconspicua subsp. brevistyla is considered to be female only.

## Distribution

It is endemic to South Island, New Zealand.

## Taxonomy

It was published by Kerry Alison Ford in 2019. The type specimen was collected by K.A.Ford and R.D.Smissen in Mary Bay, Lake Hauroko, Southland, New Zealand on the 12th of March 2015. Trithuria inconspicua is placed in Trithuria sect. Hydatella. It was elevated to the status of the separate species Trithuria brevistyla (K.A.Ford) de Lange & Mosyakin by Peter James de Lange and Sergei Leonidovich Mosyakin within the same year of the original publication (2019), yet there appears to be no consensus for this decision. Trithuria brevistyla (K.A.Ford) de Lange & Mosyakin is treated as a synonym of Trithuria inconspicua subsp. brevistyla K.A.Ford by several sources, but others accept the designation as a separate species.

## Etymology

The subspecific epithet brevistyla, from the Latin brevis meaning "brief", and stylus meaning "pencil", refers to the short stigmatic hairs found in this subspecies.

## Conservation

It is classified as Nationally Endangered (E). The total area of its habitat is ≤ 100 ha (1 km²).

## Ecology

It occurs in lakes at depths of 0.3–2 m, where it grows in gravel, silt, and sand substrates. Rarely during dry seasons it becomes exposed above the water level.
# Waqas Maqsood

Waqas Maqsood (born 4 November 1987) is a Pakistani cricketer who plays for Central Punjab. He made his T20I debut for the Pakistan cricket team in November 2018.

## Domestic career

In December 2017, he took his best figures in an innings in a first-class match, with nine wickets for WAPDA against Khan Research Laboratories in the 2017–18 Quaid-e-Azam Trophy.
In April 2018, he was named in Federal Areas' squad for the 2018 Pakistan Cup. He finished the tournament as the leading wicket-taker, with fourteen dismissals in five matches. In March 2019, he was named in Federal Areas' squad for the 2019 Pakistan Cup.
In September 2019, he was named in Central Punjab's squad for the 2019–20 Quaid-e-Azam Trophy tournament. In January 2021, he was named in Central Punjab's squad for the 2020–21 Pakistan Cup.
In November 2023, he was named in Faisalabad Region squad for the season 2023–24 Pakistan Cup & National T20.

## International career

In October 2018, he was named in Pakistan's Twenty20 International (T20I) squad for their series against Australia. Despite being the only member of the Pakistan squad not to play in a match against Australia, he was also selected for Pakistan's T20I series against New Zealand. He made his T20I debut for Pakistan against New Zealand on 4 November 2018.
# Strigulla

Strigulla is an extinct genus of insects in the family Idelinellidae. It existed in what is now Russia during the Kungurian age. It was described by D. S. Aristov and A. P. Rasnitsyn in 2012, as a new genus for the species Euryptilon cuculiophoris. S. cuculiophoris measured 10 millimetres in body length, with the forewings having about the same measurement.
# James Loper

James Leaders Loper (September 4, 1931 – July 8, 2013) was an American television executive who co-founded KCET in 1964 and served as Executive Director of the Academy of Television Arts & Sciences from 1983 to 1999.

## Life and career

Loper was born to John Loper and Ellen Leaders in Phoenix, Arizona, on September 4, 1931. He obtained a bachelor's degree in journalism from Arizona State University in 1953, where he was a member of Phi Sigma Kappa fraternity. He earned his master's degree from the University of Denver in 1957. He moved to Los Angeles, California, in 1959 to begin his doctoral studies at the University of Southern California (USC), which he finished in 1967. He then taught as a faculty member at USC.
Loper co-founded KCET, a PBS affiliate in Los Angeles, during the early 1960s as an affiliate of National Educational Television. He was working on his doctorate at the University of Southern California at the time of KCET's launch in 1964. Loper became KCET's first director of education from 1964 to 1966. He became the President and General Manager from 1966 to 1971, before serving as the President KCET from 1971 until 1983.
Loper then served as the Executive Director of the Academy of Television Arts & Sciences, which holds the Emmy Awards, from 1984 until 1999. Under Loper, the Emmy Awards were expanded to include nominees from cable television in 1988. Loper oversaw the creation of the Archive of American Television, which interviews and archives notable people from the history of television. Loper was also responsible for the Academy of Television Arts & Sciences's relocation to its current headquarters in North Hollywood, California.
James Loper died at his home in Pasadena, California, on July 8, 2013, at the age of 81. He was survived by his wife, former Los Angeles Times columnist Mary Lou Loper, and two children, Elizabeth Serhan and James L. Loper Jr.
# Lapparentemys

Lapparentemys is an extinct genus of podocnemidid turtles. Fossils of the genus have been found in the Tiupampan Santa Lucía Formation of Bolivia. The type species is L. vilavilensis.
# 1939 Colgate Red Raiders football team

The 1939 Colgate Red Raiders football team was an American football team that represented Colgate University as an independent during the 1939 college football season. In its 11th season under head coach Andrew Kerr, the team compiled a 2–5–1 record and was outscored by a total of 92 to 66. Ernest Neill was the team captain.
Colgate was ranked at No. 58 (out of 609 teams) in the final Litkenhous Ratings for 1939.
The team played its home games at the newly-constructed Colgate Athletic Field, later renamed Andy Kerr Stadium, in Hamilton, New York. The first game at the new facility was played against NYU on September 30, 1939. Colgate's first victory at the new stadium was on October 14, 1939, against Brown.

## Schedule

| Date | Opponent | Site | Result | Attendance |
| September 30 | NYU | Colgate Athletic FieldHamilton, NY | L 6–7 | 8,000 |
| October 7 | at Duke | Duke StadiumDurham, NC | L 0–37 | 20,000 |
| October 14 | Brown | Colgate Athletic FieldHamilton, NY | W 10–0 | 8,500 |
| October 21 | St. Lawrence | Colgate Athletic FieldHamilton, NY | W 31–0 | 9,000 |
| October 28 | at Holy Cross | Fitton FieldWorcester, MA | L 7–27 | 15,000 |
| November 11 | at No. 5 Cornell | Schoellkopf FieldIthaca, NY (rivalry) | L 12–14 | 15,000 |
| November 18 | at Syracuse | Archbold StadiumSyracuse, NY (rivalry) | L 0–7 | 28,000 |
| November 25 | at Columbia | Baker FieldNew York, NY | T 0–0 | 20,000 |
| Rankings from AP Poll released prior to the game ||||||
# Bárbara Muñoz (singer)

Bárbara Páz Muñoz Urzúa (Born June 13, 1985, Santiago, Chile) is a Chilean R&B Singer and Songwriter.
Bárbara Muñoz, born the second of three daughters began singing and performing at an amateur level at a very early age. Her father, a photographer was surprised by not only her photogenic qualities but her musical ear. By 12 years old she had learned word for word, English language standards by Earth Wind & Fire, Frank Sinatra, Whitney Houston, Stevie Wonder and others. By this time, she had also started to try her hand at songwriting, in both English & Spanish.
At 14 she was enrolled by her parents in formal voice training where she began to learn and develop skills and techniques to help advance her talent to a professional level. She began to win various festivals and talent competitions in Santiago.

## Early life and career beginnings (2002–2006)

In 2002 she was invited to perform in the television talent search "Nace una estrella" ("A Star is Born") on Santiago's Channel 13 where she won the singer's category. In 2004 she was invited to compete in the Televisión Nacional de Chile talent program Rojo where in the widely watched final episode she won the grand prize in the singing category for her interpretation of Caruso.

## Mexico (2006–2010)

In 2005 she independently released her CD Amanecer then traveled to Mexico to promote it and advance her career in a larger market. It was there where she was discovered by entertainment giant Sony BMG who signed her to a 4-album contract. In 2007 her CD Homónimo was released, featuring collaborations with Luis Fonsi, Mario Domm, Claudia Brant, Noel Schajris, and Leonel García from Sin Bandera with whom she also performed a duet on his own album.

## Hit International (2011—present)

Late in 2010 she decided to return to her native Chile to take time for reflection and plan the next phase of her career. Collaborating with Spanish Producer Juan Magan she released 2 singles: For a Night and Not the One both of which she wrote herself. In October, 2011 she performed for the first time in the United States at the Miami Beach 2011 Celebrate Orgullo Festival to a large and enthusiastic crowd.
# Grand Prix Eddy Merckx

Grand Prix Eddy Merckx was a cycle race around Brussels, where Eddy Merckx was born. It was held between 1980 and 2004, disappearing after the creation of the UCI ProTour in 2005. The race was initially an individual time trial, becoming a Team time trial of two riders in 1998. It usually had a duration of 60-70 km, with the 2003 being the shortest at 26 km because of a nearby fire.
With the introduction of the UCI ProTour in 2005, there were plans to merge the race with Paris–Brussels. This merger was eventually never completed, by which the race disappeared from the calendar.

## Winners

| Year | Country | Rider |
| 1980 | Norway | Knut Knudsen |
| 1981 | Norway | Knut Knudsen |
| 1982 | Belgium | Daniel Willems |
| 1983 | Belgium | Jean-Luc Vandenbroucke |
| 1984 | Belgium | Claude Criquielion |
| 1985 | Belgium | Eric Vanderaerden |
| 1986 | France | Charly Mottet |
| 1987 | Belgium | Eric Vanderaerden |
| 1988 | Belgium | Edwig Van Hooydonck |
| 1989 | Great Britain | Sean Yates |
| 1990 | Netherlands | Frans Maassen |
| 1991 | Netherlands | Erik Breukink |
| 1992 | Netherlands | Jelle Nijdam |
| 1993 | Great Britain | Chris Boardman |
| 1994 | Switzerland | Tony Rominger |
| 1995 | Belgium | Johan Museeuw |
| 1996 | Great Britain | Chris Boardman |
| 1997 | Spain | Abraham Olano |
| 1998 | Spain | Abraham Olano (victory shared with José Vicente García) |
| 1998 | Spain | José Vicente García (victory shared with Abraham Olano) |
| 1999 | Belgium | Marc Wauters (victory shared with Erik Dekker) |
| 1999 | Netherlands | Erik Dekker (victory shared with Marc Wauters) |
| 2000 | United States | Lance Armstrong |
| 2000 | Russia | Viatcheslav Ekimov |
| 2001 | Belgium | Marc Wauters (victory shared with Erik Dekker) |
| 2001 | Netherlands | Erik Dekker (victory shared with Marc Wauters) |
| 2002 | Hungary | László Bodrogi (victory shared with Fabian Cancellara) |
| 2002 | Switzerland | Fabian Cancellara (victory shared with László Bodrogi) |
| 2003 | Germany | Michael Rich (victory shared with Uwe Peschel) |
| 2003 | Germany | Uwe Peschel (victory shared with Michael Rich) |
| 2004 | Netherlands | Thomas Dekker (victory shared with Koen de Kort) |
| 2004 | Netherlands | Koen de Kort (victory shared with Thomas Dekker) |
# Marnes du Chevain

The Marnes du Chevain is a geologic formation in France. It preserves fossils dating back to the Jurassic period.
# 1992 World Junior Championships in Athletics – Men's 4 × 400 metres relay

The men's 4x400 metres relay event at the 1992 World Junior Championships in Athletics was held in Seoul, Korea, at Olympic Stadium on 19 and 20 September.

## Medalists

| Gold | William Porter Milton Mallard Regan Nichols Deon Minor United States |
| Silver | Greg Haughton Edward Clarke Davian Clarke Carl McPherson Jamaica |
| Bronze | Hiroyuki Hayashi Tadashi Nishihata Tomonari Ono Takayuki Sudo Japan |

## Results
### Final

20 September
| Rank | Nation | Competitors | Time |
| | United States | William Porter Milton Mallard Regan Nichols Deon Minor | 3:06.11 |
| | Jamaica | Greg Haughton Edward Clarke Davian Clarke Carl McPherson | 3:06.58 |
| | Japan | Hiroyuki Hayashi Tadashi Nishihata Tomonari Ono Takayuki Sudo | 3:06.66 |
| 4 | Poland | Piotr Rysiukiewicz Artur Gąsiewski Przemysław Sznurkowski Tomasz Czubak | 3:07.01 |
| 5 | United Kingdom | Iwan Thomas Guy Bullock Allyn Condon Carl Southam | 3:07.48 |
| 6 | Germany | Marko Janke Julian Voelkel Alexander Müller Marcus Rau | 3:07.98 |
| 7 | Australia | Steven Kingston Heath Fitzpatrick Mark Moresi Declan Stack | 3:08.01 |
| 8 | Italy | Michele D'Angelo Raffaele Mangialardi Davide Cadoni Ashraf Saber | 3:11.33 |

### Heats

19 September

#### Heat 1

| Rank | Nation | Competitors | Time | Notes |
| 1 | Japan | Hiroyuki Hayashi Tadashi Nishihata Tomonari Ono Takayuki Sudo | 3:07.27 | Q |
| 2 | United Kingdom | Iwan Thomas Adrian Patrick Guy Bullock Carl Southam | 3:07.46 | Q |
| 3 | Poland | Piotr Rysiukiewicz Artur Gąsiewski Przemysław Sznurkowski Tomasz Czubak | 3:07.96 | q |
| 4 | Germany | Marko Janke Julian Voelkel Alexander Müller Marcus Rau | 3:10.13 | q |
| 5 | Italy | Michele D'Angelo Stefano Tagliaferri Raffaele Mangialardi Ashraf Saber | 3:10.57 | q |
| 6 | New Zealand | Nick Cowan Michael Calver Mark Keddell Shaun Farrell | 3:11.09 | |
| 7 | Brazil | Sérgio Ribeiro Alexandre de Oliveira Sanderlei Parrela Ronaldo dos Anjos | 3:16.35 | |

#### Heat 2

| Rank | Nation | Competitors | Time | Notes |
| 1 | United States | William Porter Milton Mallard Regan Nichols Deon Minor | 3:06.77 | Q |
| 2 | Australia | Steven Kingston Heath Fitzpatrick Mark Moresi Declan Stack | 3:07.63 | Q |
| 3 | Jamaica | Davian Clarke Edward Clarke Ian Weakley Carl McPherson | 3:09.26 | q |
| 4 | Canada | Eric Frempong-Manso Mark Graham Sasha Smiljanic Marlon Dechausey | 3:10.72 | |
| 5 | South Korea | Lee Jung-Ho Lee Un-Hak Jo Jae-Son Lee Jin-Il | 3:11.57 | |
| 6 | Kenya | Hezron Maina Vincent Malakwen Benson Koech Sammy Biwott | 3:12.73 | |
| 7 | Mexico | Arturo Castillon Salvador Chamor Eduardo Fernández Alejandro Cárdenas | 3:19.47 | |
| | Nigeria | Emmanuel Okoli Kenneth Enyiazu Jude Monye Udeme Ekpeyong | DQ | IAAF rule 141.2 |

## Participation

According to an unofficial count, 63 athletes from 15 countries participated in the event.
* Australia (4)
* Brazil (4)
* Canada (4)
* Germany (4)
* Italy (5)
* Jamaica (5)
* Japan (4)
* Kenya (4)
* Mexico (4)
* New Zealand (4)
* Nigeria (4)
* Poland (4)
* South Korea (4)
* United Kingdom (5)
* United States (4)
# Surrender of Montauban

The Surrender of Montauban occurred on 21 August 1629, when the Huguenot city of Montauban surrendered to the Catholic troops of the French king Louis XIII under the direction of Richelieu.
In 1622, Mautauban had successfully resisted the assaults of Louis XIII, but the city finally lost its independence with its surrender to royal forces in 1629. Montauban was considered to be the most powerful Huguenot fortress in France after La Rochelle.
The redition was the final chapter of the Huguenot rebellions, as the remnants of Huguenot power in southern France surrendered to the king. After the sieges of Privas and Alès, the remaining Huguenot cities rapidly fell, and finally Montauban surrendered without resistance. This was one of the last events in the repression of the Huguenot rebellions in France.
The redition was followed by the Peace of Alès of 27 September 1629, which settled the revolt by guaranteeing the practice of the Huguenot religion and judicial protection, but requiring Huguenot strongholds as well as political assemblies to be dismantled.
Soon after the surrender, the fortifications of Montauban were taken down by Richelieu. Catholicism was reinstated in Montauban, and a governing body, formed of half Protestants and half Catholics, established, as well as a senior administrator representing the king in 1635. In the space of 30 years, numerous discriminatory rules were established against the Protestants of Montauban, from clothing to religious restrictions. The Huguenots of Montauban were finally broken by Catholic military repression, the dragonnades, in 1683.
# Matapédia Group

The Matapédia Group is a geologic group in Quebec. It preserves fossils dating back to the Ordovician period.
# Gu Dar Pyin

Gu Dar Pyin (Burmese: ဂူဒါပြင်) is a village in northern Rakhine State, Myanmar. On 27 August 2017, the Myanmar Army and local Rakhine collaborators massacred an estimated 400 Rohingya villagers in Gu Dar Pyin, and razed the village. Evidence of the massacre was first reported by the Associated Press on 1 February 2018.
# Don Hughes

Don Hughes may refer to:
* James D. Hughes (1922–2024), known as Don, American Air Force general
* Don B. Hughes (born 1940), member of the Maryland House of Delegates
* Donal Hughes (born 1974), Irish sport broadcaster, influencer, and athlete.
# La Tonnelle Formation

The La Tonnelle Formation is a geologic formation in France. It preserves fossils dating back to the Cretaceous period.
# Dairy Australia

Dairy Australia is the Australian national body for the dairy industry, and a Research and development corporation (RDC). It is mainly funded by the Dairy Services Levy, a tax paid by farmers based on milk production. It also acts as a funding body through which the federal Department of Agriculture provides funding for rural research and development in Australia. Dairy Australia also attracts funding at project level from state governments, universities, research organisations and other dairy support organisations. It was previously known as the Dairy Research & Development Corporation.
Industry figure Pat Rowley acted as Chairman of Dairy Australia from 2003 until his retirement in 2006.
Dairy Australia have argued that adding dairy products to plant-based diets enhances the nutritional adequacy of the diet and the taste.