OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# List of presidents of the Maldives

The President of the Maldives is the head of state and head of government of the Republic of the Maldives. The president is directly elected by the citizens of the country through a popular vote for a five–year term. He is the commander-in-chief of the Maldives National Defence Force and leads the cabinet of the country. The First republic of the Maldives was declared on 1 January 1953, after eight–months, the republic was abolished on 21 August 1953, when people of Fura Malé beaten nearly to death. Later when he died of the injury's, then Vice president of the Maldives, Ibrahim Muhammad Didi succeeded him as acting president. Since the declaration of the second republic in 1968, there have been seven presidents.
Since 1968, two presidents Ibrahim Nasir and Mohamed Nasheed have resigned from post. When president Nasir resigned in 1978, Maumoon Abdul Gayoom was elected as president on 28 July 1978. In 2012, president Mohamed Nasheed resigned as president following a crisis. Presidents, Mohamed Amin Didi and Mohamed Waheed Hassan Manik served the shortest, Amin from 1 January 1953 to 21 August 1953 and Waheed following the resignation of Nasheed on 7 February 2012 until the inauguration of Abdulla Yameen on 17 November 2013. Maumoon Abdul Gayoom served as president for thirty years, spanning from 1978 to 2008, making him one of the longest serving president in Asia.
The incumbent president is Mohamed Muizzu, who assumed office on 17 November 2023. He was preceded by Ibrahim Mohamed Solih who served as president from 2018 to 2023.

## Presidents

| No. | Portrait | Name (Birth–Death) | Party | Party | Term in office | Term in office | Vice President | Election |
| No. | Portrait | Name (Birth–Death) | Party | Party | Took office | Left office | Vice President | Election |
| 1 | | Mohamed Amin (1910–1954) | | Muthagaddim | 1 January 1953 | 21 August 1953 | Ibrahim Muhammad Didi | 1952 |
| 2 | | Ibrahim Nasir (1926–2008) | | Independent | 11 November 1968 | 11 November 1978 | Vacant | 19681973 |
| 3 | | Maumoon Abdul Gayoom (b. 1937) | | IndependentDhivehi Rayyithuge | 11 November 1978 | 11 November 2008 | Vacant | 197819831988199319982003 |
| 4 | | Mohamed Nasheed (b. 1967) | | Democratic | 11 November 2008 | 7 February 2012 | Mohamed Waheed Hassan Manik | 2008 |
| 5 | | Mohamed Waheed (b. 1953) | | Itthihaad | 7 February 2012 | 17 November 2013 | Vacant until 25 April 2012Mohamed Waheeduddeen | – |
| 6 | | Abdulla Yameen (b. 1959) | | Progressive | 17 November 2013 | 17 November 2018 | Mohamed JameelAhmed AdeebVacantAbdulla Jihad | 2013 |
| 7 | | Ibrahim Mohamed Solih (b. 1962) | | Democratic | 17 November 2018 | 17 November 2023 | Faisal Naseem | 2018 |
| 8 | | Mohamed Muizzu (b. 1978) | | Congress | 17 November 2023 | Incumbent | Hussain Mohamed Latheef | 2023 |
# Toru Kawashima

Toru Kawashima (川島 透, Kawashima Toru, June 4, 1970 – January 19, 2024) was a Japanese footballer who played as a goalkeeper for Otsuka Pharmaceutical.

## Career

Kawashima was born in Osaka Prefecture on June 4, 1970. After he dropped out of Chukyo University, he joined the Japan Soccer League club Matsushita Electric (later Gamba Osaka) in 1991. However he did not play as much as Kenji Honnami and Hayato Okanaka. In 1996, he moved to the Japan Football League club Otsuka Pharmaceutical. He played as a regular goalkeeper in 1996. However he gradually played less often during 1997 and he retired at the end of the 1998 season.

## Death

Kawashima died on January 19, 2024, at the age of 53.

## Career statistics

Appearances and goals by club, season and competition :
| Club | Season | League | League | League | Emperor's Cup | Emperor's Cup | J.League Cup | J.League Cup | Total | Total |
| Club | Season | Division | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals |
| Gamba Osaka | 1991–92 | JSL Division 1 | | | | | | | | |
| Gamba Osaka | 1992 | J1 League | – | – | | | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Gamba Osaka | 1993 | J1 League | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
| Gamba Osaka | 1994 | J1 League | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 |
| Gamba Osaka | 1995 | J1 League | 0 | 0 | | | – | – | 0 | 0 |
| Gamba Osaka | Total | Total | | | | | | | | |
| Otsuka Pharmaceutical | 1996 | Football League | 27 | 0 | | | – | – | 27 | 0 |
| Otsuka Pharmaceutical | 1997 | Football League | 15 | 0 | | | – | – | 15 | 0 |
| Otsuka Pharmaceutical | 1998 | Football League | 8 | 0 | | | – | – | 8 | 0 |
| Otsuka Pharmaceutical | Total | Total | 50 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 50 | 0 |
| Career total | Career total | Career total | 52 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 53 | 0 |
* ↑ "Matsushita Electric" until 1992
# Virginia Tech Hokies softball

The Virginia Tech Hokies softball team is a college softball program that competes in NCAA Division I and the Atlantic Coast Conference. Their home games are played at Tech Softball Park. The team appeared in the NCAA Tournament in four successive seasons (2005–2008), were conference champions in 2007 and 2008, and advanced to the Women's College World Series in 2008. A big part of this success was the pitching of Angela Tincher, who had a historic career at Virginia Tech, becoming only the third person in NCAA Softball to record 2,000 career strikeouts. The Hokies also did what no other college has ever done, beating the U.S. Olympic Softball Team in a victory that ended Team USA's 12-year, 185-game winning streak. The Hokies won this game by a score of 1–0 and Tincher pitched a no hitter, and also allowing no balls to reach the outfield.

## Championships
### Conference Championships

| Season | Conference | Record | Head coach |
| 2007 | Atlantic Coast Conference | 15–5 | Scot Thomas |
| 2019 | Atlantic Coast Conference | 20–4 | Pete D'Amour |
| 2022 | Atlantic Coast Conference | 21–2 | Pete D'Amour |

### Conference Tournament Championships

| Year | Conference | Tournament Location | Head coach |
| 2007 | Atlantic Coast Conference | Tallahassee, FL | Scot Thomas |
| 2008 | Atlantic Coast Conference | College Park, MD | Scot Thomas |

## Awards and honors

Sources:

### National Awards
#### USA Softball Collegiate Player of the Year

* Angela Tincher, 2008

### Conference Awards and Honors
#### Atlantic 10 Player of the Year

* Michelle Meadows, 2000

#### Atlantic 10 Freshman of the Year

* Ali Verbage, 1998
* Ashlee Dobbe, 1999

#### ACC Player of the Year

* Angela Tincher, 2006
* Keely Rochard, 2022

#### ACC Pitcher of the Year

* Angela Tincher, 2006, 2007, 2008
* Carrie Eberle, 2019
* Keely Rochard, 2021
* Keely Rochard, 2022

#### ACC Freshman of the Year

* Lauren Duff, 2016
* Kelsey Bennett, 2019
* Emma Lemley, 2022

#### Big East All Conference

* Amy Voorhees, 2001
* Shanel Garafalo, 2001
* Catherine Gilliam, 2001
* Clarisa Crowell, 2002
* Amy Voorhees, 2002
* Rachel Pacheco, 2003
* Kelly Brown, 2003
* Megan Evans, 2004
* Sarah Prosise, 2004
* Caitlin Murphy, 2004

### All-Americans

* Michelle Meadows, 1998 - 2nd team
* Michelle Johnson, 1998 - 3rd team
* Michelle Meadows, 1999, 2000 - 1st team
* Ashlee Dobbe, 2002 - 1st team
* Angela Tincher, 2006 - 2nd team
* Angela Tincher, 2007, 2008 - 1st team
* Jenna Rhodes, 2009 - 3rd team
* Emma Ritter, 2024 - 1st team
* Addy Greene, 2024 - 1st team
* Cori McMillan, 2024 - 2nd team
# Kamila Barbosa

Kamila Barbosa Vito da Silva (born 13 September 1988) is a Brazilian freestyle wrestler. She is a two-time bronze medalist at the Pan American Wrestling Championships. She also represented Brazil at the Pan American Games in 2015 and in 2019.

## Career

Barbosa competed in the women's 48 kg event at the 2015 Pan American Games held in Toronto, Canada. She was eliminated in her first match by Yusneylys Guzmán of Cuba. A few months later, she competed in her event at the 2015 World Wrestling Championships held in Las Vegas, United States.
In 2019, Barbosa competed at the Pan American Wrestling Championships in Buenos Aires, Argentina and the World Wrestling Championships in Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan. She also represented Brazil at the World Beach Games in Doha, Qatar and she won the gold medal in the women's 50 kg beach wrestling event.
At the 2020 Pan American Wrestling Championships held in Ottawa, Canada, she won one of the bronze medals in the 50 kg event. She also competed in the 2020 Pan American Wrestling Olympic Qualification Tournament, also held in Ottawa, Canada, without qualifying for the 2020 Summer Olympics in Tokyo, Japan. She also failed to qualify for the Olympics at the World Olympic Qualification Tournament held in Sofia, Bulgaria.
In 2021, Barbosa won one of the bronze medals in the women's 50 kg event at the Pan American Wrestling Championships held in Guatemala City, Guatemala. In October 2021, she was eliminated in her first match in the women's 50 kg event at the World Wrestling Championships held in Oslo, Norway.
In 2022, Barbosa competed in the 50 kg event at the Yasar Dogu Tournament held in Istanbul, Turkey. She competed in the 50 kg event at the 2022 World Wrestling Championships held in Belgrade, Serbia. Barbosa also competed in the 50 kg event at the 2023 World Wrestling Championships held in Belgrade, Serbia. She was eliminated in her first match at both the 2022 and 2023 World Wrestling Championships events.
Barbosa competed at the 2024 Pan American Wrestling Olympic Qualification Tournament held in Acapulco, Mexico hoping to qualify for the 2024 Summer Olympics in Paris, France. She was eliminated in her first match. Barbosa also competed at the 2024 World Wrestling Olympic Qualification Tournament held in Istanbul, Turkey without qualifying for the Olympics.

## Achievements

| Year | Tournament | Location | Result | Event |
| 2019 | World Beach Games | Doha, Qatar | 1st | Beach wrestling 50 kg |
| 2020 | Pan American Championships | Ottawa, Canada | 3rd | Freestyle 50 kg |
| 2021 | Pan American Championships | Guatemala City, Guatemala | 3rd | Freestyle 50 kg |
# Pont Formation

The Pont Formation is a geologic formation in France. It preserves fossils dating back to the Ordovician period.
# Javier Fernández (footballer, born 2006)

Javier Fernández González (born 28 November 2006) is a Spanish professional footballer who plays as a midfielder for Regionalliga Bayern club Bayern Munich II.

## Club career
### Early career

Born in Ourense, Fernández joined the academy of local side Pabellón Ourense at the age of six. His performances at Pabellón eventually caught the attention of professional club Celta Vigo, and he spent one season with the club, playing with players older than him. At the age of nine, he was invited to join Atlético Madrid, and joined the following year, on 2017. However, he was unable to play for the first two months due to sanctions imposed on the club.

### Bayern Munich

In August 2022, it was reported that he had left Atlético Madrid and was training with German side Bayern Munich. This deal was confirmed by Bayern Munich themselves on 28 November 2022, however, due to his age, Fernández could only join the club officially in January 2023.
On 31 October 2023, Fernández received his first call-up for Bayern Munich II as an unused substitute in the away 4–0 loss Regionalliga Bayern match against FC Augsburg II.
On 8 March 2024, he made his professional debut for Bayern Munich II on a 2–0 home win Regionalliga Bayern match against DJK Vilzing, he started the game but was sent off after receiving a second yellow card on the 61st minute.
Fernández was called-up with the Bayern Munich senior team for their 2024–25 pre-season, featuring as a substitute and coming off the bench at the 66th minute replacing Eric Dier on the second friendly match for a 1–1 draw against German club 1. FC Düren on 28 July 2024. Later on 13 August, he started as a centre-back on the last friendly match on a 3–0 win against Austrian Bundesliga club WSG Tirol.

## International career

Fernández has represented Spain at the under-16, under-17 and under-18 levels.

## Career statistics
### Club

    As of match played 24 August 2024
Appearances and goals by club, season and competition :
| Club | Season | League | League | League | National cup | National cup | Other | Other | Total | Total |
| Club | Season | Division | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals |
| Bayern Munich II | 2023–24 | Regionalliga Bayern | 8 | 1 | — | — | — | — | 8 | 1 |
| Bayern Munich II | 2024–25 | Regionalliga Bayern | 3 | 1 | — | — | — | — | 3 | 1 |
| Bayern Munich II | Total | Total | 11 | 2 | — | — | — | — | 11 | 2 |
| Career total | Career total | Career total | 11 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 11 | 2 |

## Style of play

Fernández describes himself as a box-to-box midfielder, while he lists his favourite position as attacking midfield. He models his style of play on Real Madrid player Federico Valverde.
# Tara Bray Smith

Tara Bray Smith (born September 1970) is an American author. She has produced the books West of Then: A Mother, a Daughter, and a Journey Past Paradise (2004) and Betwixt (2007).

## Early years and career

Smith was born and grew up in Hawaii. She graduated from Dartmouth College and received a master's in non-fiction writing from Columbia University.
Her first book was a memoir, West of Then: A Mother, a Daughter, and a Journey Past Paradise, published in 2004. It tells the story of her actual and metaphorical search for her drug-addicted mother, as well as the history of her mother's family in Hawaii, rooted in the wealth and subsequent decline of 19th-century sugarcane plantations. Smith also wrote an article about Hawaii that appeared in Granta 77: What We Think of America (2002).
Smith made her debut as a young adult author with her second book, the teen novel Betwixt (2007), which became the basis for a pilot for The CW Television Network, but was never turned into a series. The proposed series, called Betwixt and then Changelings, would have starred three teenagers (Jessy Schram, Allison Miller and Josh Henderson) who find out they are "changelings" who have the ability to protect the world from evil.

## Personal life

Smith married the German photographer Thomas Struth in 2007. She lives in New York City and Düsseldorf.
# Dolly Teen Choice Awards

The Dolly Teen Choice Awards began in 2006 as a non-broadcast show with hosts Stephanie McIntosh and Jules Lund. The show (presented by Dolly Magazine and sponsored by Target) was held at Sydney's Luna Park Big Top on 31 August 2006 and included guests The Veronicas, Anthony Callea, Guy Sebastian, Lee Harding, Rogue Traders, Girlband, and Kid Courageous. In 2007 The Dolly Teen Choice Awards were held on the 5 September 2007 and hosted by Jules Lund and Jackie O.

## Awards location and host(s)

* 31 August 2006 - Luna Park Sydney hosted by Stephanie McIntosh and Jules Lund
* 5 September 2007 - Luna Park Sydney hosted by Jackie O and Jules Lund
* 2008 - Luna Park Sydney hosted by Brian McFadden

## Winners 2006

* Raddest radio personality: Lowie
* Coolest VJ in the country: Axle Whitehead
* Most popular TV show: Neighbours
* Hottest music act: The Veronicas
* Best five-minute feed: Boost Juice
* Best mobile phone ring tone: Pussycat Dolls
* Most popular sportstar: Ian Thorpe
* Hottest album of 2006: Anthony Callea
* Best dressed celeb: Jodi Gordon
* Cult product of 2006: Maybelline Great Lash Mascara
* Best slashie: Natalie Bassingthwaighte
* King and Queen of teen: Isabel Lucas and Chris Hemsworth

## Winners 2007

* Raddest Radio Host/Team: Kyle and Jackie O
* Coolest VJ in the Country: James Mathison
* Most Popular Show on TV: Home and Away
* Hottest Music Act: Dean Geyer
* Best Music Video: "Candyman" - Christina Aguilera
* Most Downloaded Ringtone in the Country: "Addicted to You" - Anthony Callea
* Most Popular Sports Star: Libby Lenton
* Most Popular Album: Closer To The Sun - Guy Sebastian
* Best Dressed Celeb: Kate Richie
* Best Slashie: Jennifer Hawkins
* Most Popular Reality TV Show: Dancing with the Stars
* Model "Celebrity" Citizen Award (Charity Work): Rhys Wakefield - The Mirabel Foundation
* King and Queen of Teen: Dan O'Connor and Natalie Blair

## Winners 2008

* New Cool Kid On the Block: Gabriella Cilmi
* I Wanna Raid Her Wardrobe: Jennifer Hawkins
* Best on the Box: Video Hits host Faustina "Fuzzy" Agolley
* Totally Talented Actress: Kate Ritchie
* Totally Talented Actor: Rhys Wakefield
* Glued to the Screen: So You Think You Can Dance Australia
* Extreme Inspiration: Guy Sebastian - World Vision
* Most played on my iPod: Hook Me Up - The Veronicas
* Hottest Homegrown Music: Sneaky Sound System
* Global Music Superstar: Rihanna
* OMG! Award (for the scandal we can't stop talking about): The Chaser's APEC stunt
* Queen of Teen: Indiana Evans
* King of Teen: Lincoln Lewis
# Porolepis

Porolepis is an extinct genus of porolepiform sarcopterygian fish, from the Early Devonian Dniester Series of Ukraine, which is rich in Porolepis remains, and also the Nellen Koepfchen Beds of Germany. It lived alongside the dubious lophotrochozoan Macrodontophion. It was first described in 1858 but Porolepis was not named as a sufficient species until 1891.
# Port Clarence Limestone

The Port Clarence Limestone is a geologic formation in Alaska. It preserves fossils dating back to the Ordovician period.
# Portuguese Springs Formation

The Portuguese Springs Formation is a geologic formation in Nevada. It preserves fossils dating back to the Permian period.
# Potter Farm Formation

The Potter Farm Formation is a geologic formation in Michigan. It preserves fossils dating back to the Devonian period.
* Earth sciences portal
* Michigan portal
* Paleontology portal
# Poway Group

The Poway Group is a geologic group in San Diego County, Southern California. It preserves fossils dating back to the Paleogene period.

## Poway clasts

Volcanic clastic rock cobbles of rhyolite, in a sandstone matrix in this area are named Poway clasts.
The ancient Ballena River brought rhyolite-gravel, or "Poway" clasts, from a region in present-day Sonora, Mexico to the Pacific Ocean. Its sediments deposited into an alluvial fan–submarine canyon–submarine fan complex extending for miles offshore. Remnants of submarine fan facies outcrops are found as far west as the northern Channel Islands. Inland Ballena River deposits outcrop discontinuously over 16 miles (26 km) in a west-southwest trend from Whale Mountain to San Vicente Reservoir; here, the river was up to 2 miles (3.2 km) in width through the Peninsular Ranges.

## Stratigraphy

Kennedy and Moore (1971) describe a stratigraphy of up to three geologic formations: Stadium Conglomerate, Mission Valley Formation, and the later-named Pomerado Conglomerate. The basal unit is the Stadium Conglomerate. The Stadium Conglomerate is overlain by the Mission Valley Formation. The Mission Valley Formation is overlain by the Pomerado Conglomerate.
# Prairie Bluff Chalk

The Prairie Bluff Chalk is a geologic formation in Alabama and Mississippi. It preserves fossils dating back to the Cretaceous period.
The chalk was formed by marine sediments deposited along the eastern edge of the Mississippi embayment during the Maastrichtian stage of the Late Cretaceous. It is a unit of the Selma Group and marks the end of the Cretaceous in Alabama. Evidence has been found within the formation at Braggs, Moscow, and Millers Ferry in Alabama indicating an instantaneous to brief erosional event, most likely a tsunami, at the Cretaceous–Paleogene boundary (K–T boundary). It is hypothesized that this event, along with faulting and liquification of the Prairie Bluff Chalk, is related to the meteorite impact at the Chicxulub crater site, directly south, across the Gulf of Mexico, from the formation.
# Prepotherium

Prepotherium is an extinct genus of megatheriid ground sloths that lived during the Miocene period. Fossils of Prepotherium have been found in the Collón Curá and Santa Cruz Formations of Argentina.
Prepotherium differed from Megatherium by being smaller and having a less exaggeratedly convex inferior border of the lower jaw.

## Redefined species

An additional species from Venezuela, P. venezuelanum, was named by R. Collins in 1935. from fossils found in the Portuguesa state and additional remains from the Acre state in Brazil. However, this species was later reclassified in its own genus, Pseudoprepotherium, as a basal member of another family of ground sloths, the Mylodontidae.
# Priscocamelus

Priscocamelus is an extinct monospecific genus of camelid, endemic to North America. It lived during the Early Miocene 24.8—20.4 mya, existing for approximately 5 million years. Fossils have been found only at two sites in the Rio Grande valley of Texas.
# Priscagamidae

Priscagamidae is an extinct family of iguanian lizards known from the Late Cretaceous of Mongolia and China and the Eocene of India, spanning a range from 83.6 to 48.6 million years ago. Probably the earliest priscagamids on indeterminate genera were found in Aptian-Albian sediments in "Hobur", Mongolia. It includes the genera Heterodontagama, Mimeosaurus, Phrynosomimus, Priscagama, and possibly Pleurodontagama. The first fossils of priscagamids were found in the Djadochta and Khermeen Tsav formations of Mongolia. More recently they have been found in the Cambay Formation in India, leading to the naming of Heterodontagama in 2013. Priscagamidae was originally described as a subfamily of Agamidae called Priscagaminae in 1984, but it was reclassified as a distinct family in 1989. Most phylogenetic analyses (analyses of evolutionary relationships) still find a close relationship between Priscagamidae and Agamidae (both have been grouped under a clade called Chamaeleontiformes), although a 2015 study found it to be basal to all other iguanian clades, warranting its removal from Iguania and placement in a larger clade called Iguanomorpha.
# Kuruthipunal (novel)

Kuruthipunal (transl. The River of Blood) is a Tamil language novel written by Indira Parthasarathy. A revolutionary novel, it was based on the Kilvenmani massacre that took place in Thanjavur district in 1968. The novel won the Sahitya Akademi award for its author in 1977. The novel was adapted into Kann Sivanthaal Mann Sivakkum, a 1983 Tamil film, which in turn won a National Award. The novel has been translated into multiple languages including English, Hindi, Bengali, Odia, Gujarati and Malayalam.
# Prototaria

Prototaria is an extinct genus of pinniped that lived approximately 15.97 to 13.65 mya during the Middle Miocene in what is now Japan. It belonged to the family Odobenidae, the only extant species of which is the walrus. Members of the genus Prototaria are believed to be the most basal imagotariine pinnipeds.
Unlike their closest living relative, the walrus, members of Prototaria were primarily piscivorous carnivores.

## Description

Prototaria were more similar in appearance to modern fur seals and sea lions than walruses. They did not have long tusks as walruses do, and were more slender.
Fossils ascribed to Prototaria exhibit some autapomorphies, including: a large antorbital process and orbit, and a relatively narrow intertemporal region of the skull. P. planicephala has a wider rostrum than P. primigena as well as more specialized cheek teeth and a flatter tympanic bulla.

## Taxonomy

The type species of Prototaria is P. primigena. Based on skeletal traits and various autapomorphies, Naoki Kohno concluded that P. planicephala is more derived than P. primigena.
# Pseudoamplexus

Pseudoamplexus is an extinct genus of horn corals belonging to the order Rugosa.

## Fossil record

Fossils of Pseudoamplexus are found in marine strata from the Devonian to the Silurian (age range: from 439.0 to 391.9 million years ago.). Fossils are known from the Czech Republic, Italy, Russia, Tajikistan, United States and China.

## Description

Pseudoamplexus has a unique horn-shaped chamber with a wrinkled wall. These corals have a bilateral symmetry, with a skeleton made of calcite and divided by horizontal plates. They lived on the sea floor, in reef and in shallow subtidal waters.