OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Carlos Sánchez (footballer, born 2001)

Carlos Sánchez Jiménez (born 19 April 2001) is a Spanish footballer who plays as a right back for Orihuela CF.

## Club career

Born in Palma de Mallorca, Balearic Islands, Sánchez played youth football with hometown side RCD Mallorca. On 14 October 2020, after finishing his formation, he signed for Tercera División side CE Andratx.
Sánchez was a regular starter during the season, as his side achieved a first-ever promotion to Segunda División RFEF. On 22 June 2022, after suffering relegation, he moved to FC Cartagena and was initially assigned to the reserves also in the fourth division.
Sánchez made his first team debut for the Efesé on 14 January 2023, starting in a 0–0 Segunda División home draw against SD Huesca.
On 19 June 2024, Sánchez signed for Orihuela CF also in the fourth division.
# Penitent Magdalene (Titian, 1531)

The Penitent Magdalene is a painting of saint Mary Magdalene by Titian dating to around 1531, signed 'TITIANUS' on the ointment jar to the left. It is now in the Sala di Apollo of the Palazzo Pitti in Florence, Italy.

## History

It was commissioned by the Duke of Mantua, Federico Gonzaga, to be a devotional image for the famous poet Vittoria Colonna (1490–1547). However, it is universally believed that Vittoria gave the Magdalen away to Eleonora Gonzaga, as it was found in her son the Duke of Urbino's collection in 1631. Colonna, a learned and devout woman, was greatly inspired by Titian's image of the Magdalen, even though the Magdalen is very sensuously portrayed in Titian's depiction. The Magdalen's radiant appearance before a dark background, as if her light comes from within, caused Colonna to believe that the Magdalen was "aglow with her burning passion for Christ."

## Analysis

The subject of the Magdalen as a sinner and fallen woman returned to the path of virtue by Jesus was very popular in the 16th century, allowing artists to combine eroticism and religion without courting scandal. Titian's version of the subject shows her at a moment of elation and deep repentance, with tears in her eyes (referring to her washing Jesus' feet and drying them with her hair) and her gaze raised heavenwards. Erotic though it is, as Vasari notes, her nudity refers to the medieval legend that her clothes fell apart during the thirty years she spent repenting in the desert after the Ascension of Jesus. Indeed, most of the many depictions of the subject in art showed the Magdalen with no clothing at all, or just a loose wrap, as in Titian's later treatment. According to popular works such as the Golden Legend, she spent her last years naked and alone in a hermitage in the mountains of Provence, fed only by the singing angels who visited her daily. Thus her lack of clothing symbolises her abandonment of jewels, gold and worldly goods to her faith in Christ. Additionally, the Magdalen's golden hair, fleshy body, and full lips correspond with the Renaissance beauty standards at the time.
At the end of the Middle Ages a tradition grew up that she had grown a "suit" of hair all over her body except for her face, hands and feet. This is thought to have originated in liturgical drama and is often depicted in South German art. Titian's depiction achieves a similar effect and may well recall the German treatments.
# Brian Warren

Sir Harold Brian Seymour Warren (19 December 1914–18 August 1996), was a medical officer to the Grenadier Guards in 1943, a physician at the Wellington Barracks, and then a resident medical officer at the King Edward VII's Hospital, London, where he worked with Matron Alice Saxby and came to know and later became personal physician to British Prime Minister Sir Edward Heath. His first wife was Dame Josephine Barnes. He was knighted in the February 1974 Dissolution Honours.
Born in Toddington, Bedfordshire in 1914, the elder son of an East Anglian gentleman farmer, Warren inherited from his mother a lifelong love of the countryside in all its aspects.
# Sapho (1913 film)

Sapho is a lost 1913 silent film feature drama directed by Lucius Henderson and is based on the novel by Alphonse Daudet and its stage adaptation by Daudet and Adolphe Belot. It stars stage actress Florence Roberts and Shelley Hull. It was produced by the Majestic Motion Picture Company and released by World's Special Films. As with Queen Elizabeth (1912) and Resurrection (1912), the film was one of the first features to star a major actress known by name. It competed with a four-reel French film that same year, 1913.
Sapho as a play, written by Clyde Fitch, was produced by Olga Nethersole on Broadway in 1900 to acclaim but also tinged with scandal as the play ran afoul of the New York Police Department, who shut it down for a time and arrested its stars Olga Nethersole and Hamilton Revelle.
The play was next filmed in 1917 as Sapho starring Pauline Frederick.

## Cast

* Florence Roberts - Fanny Le Grand/Sapho
* Shelley Hull - Jean
* Arthur Cadwell Jr. - Joseph
* Lamar Johnstone - *uncredited
# Tim Genis

Tim Genis is an American timpanist. He is the principal timpanist of the Boston Symphony Orchestra, a position he has held since 2003. He was the assistant timpanist of the BSO from 1993 to 2003 and the associate timpanist and assistant principal percussionist of the Honolulu Symphony Orchestra from 1991 to 1993. He was also previously the assistant principal percussionist of the Hong Kong Philharmonic.
Genis holds an undergraduate degree from the Juilliard School where he studied with Roland Kohloff. He teaches at Boston University.

## Students

* Aziz Daniel Barnard Luce (principal percussion, Hong Kong Philharmonic)
* Dan Bauch (percussion and timpani, Boston Symphony Orchestra)
* Kyle Brightwell (percussion, Boston Symphony Orchestra)
* Matthew McKay (percussion, Boston Symphony Orchestra)
* Michael Israelievitch (principal timpani, SWR Symphonieorchester; formerly principal timpani and percussion, The Saint Paul Chamber Orchestra)
* Joseph Becker (principal percussion, Detroit Symphony Orchestra)
* Michael Roberts (percussion, Oregon Symphony)
* Keith Carrick (principal percussion, Utah Symphony)
# Scapholunate ligament

The scapholunate ligament is a ligament of the wrist.
Rupture of the scapholunate ligament causes scapholunate instability, which, if untreated, will eventually cause a predictable pattern of wrist osteoarthritis called scapholunate advanced collapse (SLAC).

## Anatomy

The scapholunate ligament is an intraarticular ligament binding the scaphoid and lunate bones of the wrist together. It is divided into three areas, dorsal, proximal and palmar, with the dorsal segment being the strongest part. It is the main stabilizer of the scaphoid. In contrast to the scapholunate ligament, the lunotriquetral ligament is more prominent on the palmar side.

## Instability

Complete rupture of this ligament leads to wrist instability. The main type of such instability is dorsal intercalated segment instability (DISI) deformity, where the lunate angulates to the posterior side of the hand.
A dynamic scapholunate instability is where the scapholunate ligament is completely ruptured, but secondary scaphoid stabilizers are still preserved; these are the scaphotrapezial (ST), scaphocapitate (SC) and radioscaphocapitate (RSC) ligaments. In a static scapholunate instability, these other ligaments are ruptured as well.

### Diagnosis

X-ray images indicate scapholunate ligament instability when the scapholunate distance is more than 3 mm, which is called scapholunate dissociation. A static scapholunate instability is generally readily visible, but a dynamic scapholunate instability can only be seen radiographically in certain wrist positions or under certain loading conditions, such as when clenching the wrist, or loading the wrist in ulnar deviation.
In order to diagnose a SLAC wrist you need a posterior anterior (PA) view X-ray, a lateral view X-ray and a fist view X-ray. The fist X-ray is often made if there is no convincing Terry Thomas sign. A fist X-ray of a scapholunate ligament rupture will show a descending capitate bone. Making a fist will give pressure at the capitate, which will descend if there is a rupture in the scapholunate ligament.
The Watson's test may be used in diagnosis.
* Static scapholunate dissociation
* Dynamic instability: Increased scapholunate distance (between yellow lines) upon ulnar deviation of the wrist, but not otherwise.
* Dynamic scapholunate instability visible upon clenching the wrist
* Scapholunate ligament disruption associated with a Colles' fracture

### Treatment

Treatment will vary depending upon the degree of injury and can range from observation and direct ligament repair through to reconstruction.

### Complications

Eventually, untreated scapholunate instability generally causes a predictable pattern of wrist osteoarthritis called scapholunate advanced collapse (SLAC).
# Jimoh Buraimoh

Chief Jimoh Buraimoh (born 1943, as Jimoh Adetunji Buraimoh) is a Nigerian painter and artist. Chief Buraimoh is one of the most influential artists to emerge from the 1960s workshops conducted by Ulli Beier and Georgina Beier in Osogbo, Osun State, Nigeria. Since then, he has become one of the best known artists from Osogbo.

## Early life and education

Jimoh Buraimoh was born in Osogbo, Osun State, Nigeria, in 1943 into a Muslim branch of the royal family of the town. He attended the 1960s' workshops conducted by Ulli Beier, and was also a lighting technician in Duro Ladipo's theatre..

## Career

Jimoh Buraimoh's work merges western media and Yoruba style motifs. He is credited with being Africa's first head painter when in 1964, he made a contemporary art form inspired by the Yoruba tradition of incorporating beadwork designs into ceremonial fabrics and beaded crowns. In 1972, he represented Nigeria in the First All African Trade Fair in Nairobi, Kenya. One of his famous paintings was presented at the World Festival of Black Arts, Festac '77. He was the first Nigerian to be awarded a membership in the Contemporary World Association of Mosaic Artists.

## WORK

Jimoh Buraimoh's works have been exhibited both at home and abroad.

## Teaching

Jimoh Buraimoh is also an efficient teaching artist. In 1974, he taught at the Haystack Mountain School of Crafts in Maine. He also taught at the University of Bloomington and other schools in New York, Boston and Los Angeles.

## Award

He was given the U.S. Exchange Alumni Lifetime Achievement Award to recognise his significant contributions to the arts and long-existing cultural relationship between Nigeria and the U.S.

## Sources and references

* Jimoh Buraimoh's website
* Jimoh Adetunji Buraimoh, "The Heritage: My Life and Arts", Lagos: Spectrum Books, Ltd, 2000. ISBN 978-978-029-083-2
* African Contemporary | Art Gallery featuring Jimoh Buraimoh's work
# Tecticornia australasica

Tecticornia australasica, also known as grey samphire, is found in intermittent patches across tropical coastal regions of Australia.
# Sisu (1976 icebreaker)

Sisu (Callsign OHMW) is a Finnish icebreaker of the Atle class built in 1976 in Helsinki.
Her sister, Urho, is nearly identical. Sisu has accommodations fitted with classrooms for maritime students. Urho's accommodations are reserved for public relations uses.
# HMS Diana (1895)

HMS Diana was an Eclipse-class protected cruiser built for the Royal Navy in the mid-1890s.

## Service history

She was commissioned at Chatham on 16 February 1900 to take out reliefs for HMS Ringarooma, HMS Boomerang and HMS Torch serving on the Australia Station, and left Plymouth two weeks later on 27 February 1900. Stopping in Gibraltar, Malta, Aden and Colombo on her way out, she arrived in Australia in April.
The following year, she was commissioned with the complement of 450 officers and men at Chatham on 15 January 1901 to join the Mediterranean Fleet under the command of Captain Arthur Murray Farquhar. In March 1901 she was one of two cruisers to escort HMS Ophir, commissioned as royal yacht for the World tour of the Duke and Duchess of Cornwall and York (later King George V and Queen Mary), from Gibraltar to Malta, and then to Port Said. Captain Edmond Slade was appointed in command in April 1902, but Farquhar did not leave the ship until early June. In May 1902 she visited Palermo to attend festivities in connection with the opening of an Agricultural Exhibition by King Victor Emmanuel, and in August 1902 she toured the Aegean Sea, visiting Salonica and Lemnos. She was at Argostoli in early October before returning to Malta.
In late 1904 she was sent to Tangier to watch the Russian fleet that was coaling there in the aftermath of the Dogger Bank incident.

## Footnotes

* ↑ "Naval & Military intelligence". The Times. No. 36068. London. 17 February 1900. p. 11.
* ↑ "Naval & Military intelligence". The Times. No. 36077. London. 28 February 1900. p. 11.
* ↑ "Naval & Military intelligence". The Times. No. 36344. London. 5 January 1901. p. 8.
* ↑ "Naval & Military intelligence". The Times. No. 36337. London. 28 December 1900. p. 5.
* ↑ "The Duke of Cornwall´s visit to the colonies". The Times. No. 36401. London. 13 March 1901. p. 5.
* ↑ "Naval & Military intelligence". The Times. No. 36753. London. 28 April 1902. p. 8.
* ↑ "Naval & Military intelligence". The Times. No. 36778. London. 27 May 1902. p. 10.
* ↑ "Naval & Military intelligence". The Times. No. 36852. London. 21 August 1902. p. 8.
* ↑ "Naval & Military intelligence". The Times. No. 36896. London. 11 October 1902. p. 12.
* ↑ Pleshakov, Constantine (2002). The Tsar's Last Armada. Oxford: Basic Books. p. 111. ISBN 1-903985-31-5.
# Flappy snake-eel

The Flappy snake-eel (Phyllophichthus xenodontus) is an eel in the family Ophichthidae (worm/snake eels), and the only species in the genus Phyllophichthus. It was described by William Alonzo Gosline III in 1951. It is a marine, tropical eel which is known from the Indo-Pacific, including East Africa, the Hawaiian Islands, the Marquesan Islands, the Society Islands, the Caroline Islands and the Marshall Islands. It dwells at a depth range of 8–30 metres, and inhabits reefs and inshore waters. It leads a benthic lifestyle, and forms burrows. Males can reach a maximum total length of 42 centimetres.
# Augusto Cury

Augusto Cury (born October 2, 1958) is a Brazilian physician, psychiatrist, psychotherapist and writer. He developed the Multifocal Theory, about the functioning of the mind and the construction process of thought. His books have sold over 30 million copies in his country and is Brazil's most read author.
He is a researcher in the field of quality of life and development of intelligence, addressing the nature, construction and dynamics of emotion and thoughts. He develops researches in Spain in Educational Sciences in the area of quality of life. Published in more than 40 countries, Cury lectured at the BYU University's 13th International Conference on Intolerance and Discrimination, in the US. He's doctor honoris causa by UNIFIL (Centro Universitário Filadélfia in Londrina), and member of honor of the Academy of Gifted People of the Intelligence Institute, in the city of Porto, Portugal. In March 2008, was created the Augusto Cury's Study Centre (Centro de Estudos Augusto Cury, in Portuguese), in Portugal, integrated in the Intelligence Institute from that country.

## Biography

He was born in Colina, São Paulo, on October 2, 1958. He graduated in medicine from the Faculty of São José do Rio Preto and devoted himself to research the dynamics of emotion.
His books in the field of psychology have sold more than 25 million copies in Brazil alone, having been published in more than 70 countries. Cury was considered the most read Brazilian author of the decade by the Folha de S. Paulo newspaper.

## Theory of Multifocal Intelligence

As a researcher in the area of quality of life and development of intelligence, Cury developed researches unrelated to universities focused on the theory of Multifocal Intelligence. The theory aims to explain the functioning of the human mind and the ways to exercise more dominion over our life through intelligence and thought.
He published "Multifocal Intelligence" in 1999, where he presents more than 30 essential elements for the formation of human intelligence, such as the process of interpretation and the vital flow of psychic energy
# Stainless steel soap

Stainless steel soap is a piece of stainless steel, in the form of a soap bar or other hand-held shape. Its purported purpose is to neutralize or reduce strong odors such as those from handling garlic, onion, durian, guava, salami, or fish.
No published scientific studies are known to have been conducted on the efficacy of these soaps, for which serious doubts have been raised.

## Proposed mechanism
### The chemistry of garlic

The characteristic taste and odor of garlic is due to an oily, slightly yellow organosulfur compound S-Allyl prop-2-ene-1-sulfinothioate, commonly called allicin. Fresh garlic has little odor until it is chopped or crushed. Allicin is produced from alliin (a derivative of the amino acid cysteine) by the enzyme alliinase. Allicin is unstable and breaks down to form other sulfur compounds such as diallyl sulfides. These compounds contribute to the smell of fresh garlic. When on the hands these sulfur compounds can further degrade into other sulfur compounds, including sulfuric acid, in the presence of water.

### The chemistry of stainless steel

Steel is an alloy made up of iron mixed with carbon. Stainless steel is composed of steel mixed with at least 10.5% chromium, and often other elements such nickel and molybdenum, etc. Chromium is added to make it resistant to rust. Stainless steels that are corrosion and oxidation resistant typically need more than 11% chromium. Nickel is added to increase the corrosion resistance further, and protect it from harsh environmental conditions. Molybdenum may be added to avoid pitting or scarring. The chemical properties of stainless steel can be further improved for specialized uses by adding other elements, e.g. titanium, vanadium and copper.

### Possible mechanism

The chromium in stainless steel forms a passive oxide film on the surface of the metal, resulting in corrosion resistance. It is suggested that allicin and the other sulfur compounds (including sulfuric acid) react with the chromium oxide layer, some possibly being adsorbed onto it. Washing the stainless steel soap in water would remove this layer and with it the smelly sulfur compounds. The oxide film would then reform and the stainless steel soap can be reused.
Mark Lorch, Professor of Science Communication and Chemistry at the University of Hull and Joanna Buckley, Materials chemist and science communicator, at the University of Sheffield conducted some "citizen science" in 2016 to test this mechanism but there is no conclusive, rigorous evidence for it.

## Usage

Companies that produce stainless steel soaps claim that the odors these foods cause result from sulfur, which turns into sulfuric acid upon washing the hands. The aim of the stainless steel soap is to then bind to the sulfur molecules, thus removing them and the associated smell from the hands.
# Vittorio Algarotti

Vittorio Algarotti (1533-1604), was born in Verona, Republic of Venice, and was president of the Verona College of Medicine from 1593 through his death in 1604. A contemporary of Paracelsus, he introduced the use of antimony oxychloride, which he referred to as pulveris angelicus (powder of the angels) to medicine.
# James Sinclair (conductor)

James Sinclair is an American classical conductor.
Sinclair studied at Indiana University, taught at the University of Hawaii, then moved to New Haven, Connecticut in 1972, where he joined Yale University. Sinclair has been the Music Director of Orchestra New England from 1974 to the present. He was also music director of the Yale Symphony Orchestra from 1994 to 1995.
Sinclair is notably a specialist in the music of Charles Ives; he has "spent [his] whole adult life devoted to the music of Charles Ives." He has published A Descriptive Catalogue of the Music of Charles Ives with the Yale University Press and served as music director for a number of PBS documentaries, including A Good Dissonance Like a Man, about Ives. He is currently an Associate Fellow of Berkeley College and oversees the Charles Ives papers, as well as those of pianist and Ives scholar John Kirkpatrick.
As a conductor, Sinclair has recorded a number of Ives works, as part of a complete set of Ives' orchestral music projected to be in nine discs for the Naxos label. He is one of the interviewed Ives scholars in the 2018 documentary The Unanswered Ives.
# Dorsal radioulnar ligament

The dorsal radioulnar ligament (posterior radioulnar ligament) extends between corresponding surfaces on the dorsal aspect of the distal radioulnar articulation.
# Viola Vogel

Viola Vogel (born 1959), also known as Viola Vogel-Scheidemann, is a German biophysicist and bioengineer. She is a professor at ETH Zürich, where she is head of the Department of Health Sciences and Technology and leads the Applied Mechanobiology Laboratory.

## Biography

Vogel was born in 1959 in the university town of Tübingen in the state of Baden-Württemberg, then West Germany. In 1988 she won an Otto Hahn Medal for her doctoral work with Hans Kuhn at the Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, Göttingen. In 1990, after two years as a postdoctoral fellow at the Department of Physics at the University of California, Berkeley, she took a faculty position in the Department of Bioengineering at the University of Washington in Seattle where she initiated the molecular bioengineering program. She was subsequently founding director of the Center for Nanotechnology at the University of Washington (1997-2003). In 2004 she relocated to ETH Zürich in Switzerland, first as a professor in the Department of Material Sciences, and later as a founding member of the Department of Health Sciences and Technology (2012). She has been a faculty member of the Wyss Translational Center in Zürich since it began in 2015. Since 2018 she has been an Einstein Visiting Fellow at the Berlin Institute of Health [de].
In 2020, Vogel was appointed by European Commissioner for Innovation, Research, Culture, Education and Youth Mariya Gabriel to serve on an independent search committee for the next president of the European Research Council (ERC), chaired by Helga Nowotny.

## Research

The direction of Vogel's work is to take microscopic pieces of living tissue and investigate their mechanical properties, with a view to developing new technologies. Her interests include molecular self-assembly, cell adhesion, and the construction of biological minerals, materials, and tissues. Her experimental and computational discoveries of how stretching proteins changes their function, and how cells sense and respond to force, have applications in stem cell differentiation, tissue growth and regeneration, angiogenesis, and cancer.

## Awards

Vogel won a Philip Morris Research Award [de] in 2005 and shared the Julius Springer Award [de] for Applied Physics in 2006. She was elected to the German Academy of Sciences Leopoldina in 2018, member of US National Academy of Engineering in 2020 and US National Academy of Sciences in 2021. She was elected an International Fellow of the Royal Academy of Engineering in 2023.