OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Leila Philip

Leila Philip (born April 18, 1961) is an American writer, poet and educator.

## Life

Leila Philip grew up in New York City and graduated from Princeton University in 1986, with a A.B. in Comparative Literature and a Fifth-Year Degree in East Asian Studies From 1983 to 1985, she apprenticed to Nagayoshi Kazu, a master potter in southern Kyushu, then went on to earn an MFA at Columbia University as the Woolrich Fellow in Fiction.
Philip has taught writing and literature at Princeton University, Columbia University, Emerson College, Colgate University, Vassar College, and at the Ohio University as the James Thurber Writer in Residence. In 2004 she joined College of the Holy Cross' English department where she teaches creative writing and literature in the Creative Writing Program and the Environmental Studies Program.
Philip has taught at writing conferences and low residency MFA Programs including Stonecoast, The Chenango Valley Writers Conference, and Fairfield University. Since 2010, she has taught at the MFA Program at Ashland University.
# The Jazz Soul of Oscar Peterson

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
| The Penguin Guide to Jazz Recordings | |
The Jazz Soul of Oscar Peterson is a 1959 album by the Oscar Peterson Trio, described by AllMusic as "a swinging, straight-ahead affair featuring superb playing throughout."
The 1996 Verve CD reissue of the album (and many subsequent digital releases) includes the 1962 Oscar Peterson Trio album Affinity in its entirety. Alternately, some reissues instead include the entirety of the 1961 album Very Tall.

## Track listing

* "Liza (All the Clouds'll Roll Away)" (George Gershwin, Ira Gershwin, Gus Kahn) – 4:29
* "Con Alma" (Dizzy Gillespie) – 6:55
* "Close Your Eyes" (Bernice Petkere) – 5:42
* "The Maidens of Cadiz" (Léo Delibes) – 7:40
* "My Heart Stood Still" (Lorenz Hart, Richard Rodgers) – 5:40
* "Woody'n You" (Gillespie) - 3:50

## Personnel

* Oscar Peterson – piano
* Ray Brown – double bass
* Ed Thigpen – drums
# Yang Cho-cheng

Yang Cho-cheng (Chinese: 楊卓成; pinyin: Yáng Zhuōchéng; 1914 – 26 November 2006) was an internationally renowned Chinese architect. One of his best-known works is the Chiang Kai-shek Memorial Hall, a major landmark in Taipei – with his design being chosen from entries in an international competition.
Many of his other works have become famous landmarks in Taiwan: the Taipei Grand Hotel, National Theater and Concert Hall, the Shilin Official Residence, Taipei Grand Mosque, Cihu Presidential Burial Place, Central Bank of the Republic of China (Taiwan) Building, and the Zhongxing New Village.
Yang's professional career spanned over 60 years. Even though he was best known for his expertise in the Chinese style architecture, he was also a leading expert in manufacturing, high tech, finance, performing arts, and commercial/residential architecture. He also designed the manufacturing facilities for RCA, Philips, Timex, Texas Instruments in Taiwan; as well as for pharmaceutical companies such as Eli Lilly and Company and Roche.
When he was close to 80 years old, he designed the semiconductor factory for TI-Acer. The TI-Acer factory may be an earlier facility in the semiconductor world, but the building itself is still one of the best semiconductor facilities in Taiwan. It is one of the few factories that are able to meet the vibration free specifications and the Class A clean room specifications.
Yang dedicated his life to improving the international image of Taiwan, and his work implicitly improved the development of the various industries in Taiwan. Additionally, the National Theater and Concert Hall also facilitated the performing arts development in Taiwan.

## Selected works

* Central Bank of the Republic of China (Taiwan)
* Shilin Official Residence (1950)
* ZTE Village ZTE Hall (1959)
* Cihu Mausoleum (formerly Cixi Hotel, 1959)
* Taipei Grand Mosque (1960)
* Taipei City Building (1961)
* Taiwan University Gymnasium (early phase) (1962)
* Lishan Guest House (1965)
* Kaohsiung Round Hill Hotel (1971)
* Round Hill Hotel (1973)
* Chiang Kai-shek Memorial Hall (1980)
* Central 100th Building (1986)
* National Music Hall (1987)
* National Theatre (1987)
# Petro Shulyak

Petro Ivanovych Shulyak (Ukrainian: Петро Іванович Шуляк; born 29 March 1945 in Korshiv, Zdolbuniv Raion, Soviet Union) is a member of the Ukrainian military, Colonel General who served as the Chief of General Staff and Commander of the Ukrainian Ground Forces.

## Career

Native of Ukraine, on 30 January 1992 Shulyak was dismissed from his post of chief of cadres (personnel) administration of the Baltic Military District for expressing his interest in joining Ukrainian Armed Forces as the "alien army".
Following the incident, Minister of Defence of Ukraine Kostiantyn Morozov offered him position of commander of the 13th Army located in Carpathian Military District based in Rivne, native region of Shulyak. Soon thereafter Shulyak was placed in charge of Carpathian Military District. As a commander of the district he played important role in formation, training and deployment of the Ukrainian peacekeeping military formations to Yugoslavia and Angola.
Due to dissolution of the Soviet Union and financial crisis that followed, the district had difficult times to pay salary to military personnel and provide them with adequate housing, but was able to overcome it with help of local government. The Carpathian Military District became one of the first that joined the NATO program Partnership for Peace. As part of the program in 1995 near Yavoriv was conducted joined United States – Ukraine military exercise. Six years later Shulyak as a Commander of the Ukrainian Armed Forces turned the Yavoriv field training site into a special Partnership for Peace training center. As part of international cooperation, Shulyak also was involved to creation of the Polish–Ukrainian Peace Force Battalion, the idea for which appeared soon after the visit of Polish general Zenon Brik to Carpathian Military District.
Due to the 2002 Sknyliv air show disaster, Shulyak was dismissed from post of chief of the General Staff by President of Ukraine and Supreme commander-in-chief Leonid Kuchma.
In 2003 as a commander of the Ukrainian Ground Forces, Colonel General Petro Shulyak with a group of officers visited Iraq where as part of multi-national force a peacekeeping mission was carried out by the 5th Separate Mechanized Brigade. Based in Al Kut, the Ukrainian military carried its mission mostly at the Iraq–Iran state border.
# Oksana Okunyeva

Oksana Okunyeva (Ukrainian: Оксана Григорівна Окунєва; also transliterated Okuneva or Okunieva, born 14 March 1990 in Mykolaiv) is a Ukrainian high jumper.it
She won the silver medal at the European U23 Championships in Ostrava, Czech Republic, and finished first at the World Challenge Hengelo in the Netherlands.
Her personal best jump is 1.98 metres, achieved in Berdychiv on 28 June 2014 at the Memorial of Vitaliy Lonsky.

## International competitions

| Year | Competition | Venue | Position | Notes |
| Representing Ukraine |||||
| 2007 | World Youth Championships | Ostrava, Czech Republic | 6th | 1.78 m |
| 2007 | European Youth Olympic Festival | Belgrade, Serbia | 3rd | 1.77 m |
| 2009 | European Athletics Junior Championships | Novi Sad, Serbia | 6th | 1.80 m |
| 2011 | European Indoor Championships | Paris, France | 7th | 1.92 m |
| 2011 | European U23 Championships | Ostrava, Czech Republic | 2nd | 1.94 m |
| 2011 | Universiade | Shenzhen, China | 8th | 1.84 m |
| 2012 | World Indoor Championships | Istanbul, Turkey | 17th (q) | 1.83 m |
| 2013 | World Championships | Moscow, Russia | 15th (q) | 1.88 m |
| 2014 | European Championships | Zürich, Switzerland | 6th | 1.94 m |
| 2015 | World Championships | Beijing, China | 14th (q) | 1.89 m |
| 2016 | European Championships | Amsterdam, Netherlands | 6th | 1.89 m |
| 2016 | Olympic Games | Rio de Janeiro, Brazil | 22nd (q) | 1.89 m |
| 2017 | European Indoor Championships | Belgrade, Serbia | 4th | 1.92 m |
| 2017 | World Championships | London, United Kingdom | 20th (q) | 1.89 m |
| 2017 | Universiade | Taipei, Taiwan | 1st | 1.97 m |
| 2017 | DécaNation | Angers, France | 1st | 1.88 m |
| 2018 | European Championships | Berlin, Germany | 10th | 1.87 m |
# David Town

David Town (born 9 December 1976) is an English footballer. He currently plays for non league side Wimborne Town.
Town began his career as a trainee with his hometown side AFC Bournemouth, turning professional in April 1995. He spent September 1997 on loan to Dorchester Town. Despite not being a regular in the Bournemouth side, Rushden & Diamonds paid £30,000 to take him to Nene Park in May 1999. He joined Hayes on a two-month loan deal in late January 2001, moving to Boston United towards the end of March 2001.
He joined Kettering Town on loan in August 2002 and was released by Boston at the end of that season. In May 2003, he joined Havant & Waterlooville.
He moved to Eastleigh for the 2005–06 season, but left in September 2006 to join Dorchester Town.
# Sandrasegaran Woodhull

Sandrasegaran "Sidney" Woodhull (1932 – 26 November 2003) was a Singaporean lawyer, former politician and political prisoner. He was a founding member of the University of Malaya's University Socialist Club, and the Singapore's political parties, People's Action Party and the Barisan Sosialis.

## Biography

Born in British Ceylon in 1932, Sandrasegaran Woodhull, sometimes referred as "Sandra", "Sydney" or "Sidney" in the press, entered the University of Malaya in 1951 as a Sultan Ibrahim scholar from Johor. He was a founding member of the University Socialist Club in 1953, serving as Financial Secretary in the first Central Working Committee. He was also involved in the Fajar controversy because of his contribution to the Fajar magazine and occasional attendance at group meetings although he was not the member of the Fajar editorial board.
Woodhull eventually became a prominent union advisor and leader of the Singapore Naval Base Labour Union. Together with other trade unionists, Woodhull was officially recruited into the People's Action Party on 21 November 1954. He was detained by the police after the Chinese middle school riots in 1956. Following his release after the PAP gained power in 1959, Woodhull was appointed as the Political Secretary to the Ministry of Health.
Woodhull was one of the thirteen PAP left-wingers who were expelled from the PAP on 20 July 1961, he later joined the Barisan Sosialis on 29 July 1961 as was made its Vice Chairman. On 26 October 1962, Woodhull married Peng Tsu Ping, who was also a graduate of University of Malaya and a librarian at the University of Singapore at the Singapore Registry witnessed by Secretary-General of Barisan Sosialis Lim Chin Siong and Dr Gopal Baratham.
Woodhull was against the PAP proposal for merger with Malaysian Federation, calling it a political "strait jacket". He was arrested and detained without trial under Operation Coldstore in February 1963. He was released afterward and exiled to Kuala Lumpur in November. He later went to London to study law. Woodhull returned to Kuala Lumpur where he was called to the Malaysian Bar in 1967. He was a partner with law firm of Shearn Delamore & Co. He was allowed to return to Singapore in 1990.
He retired from law practice in December 2000.

## Death

Woodhull died on 26 November 2003 at the age of 71 at a Singapore Hospital after heart surgery. His wake was held at the Mount Vernon Columbarium at night in 28 November and his cremated remains was later brought back to Kuala Lumpur.
He is survived by his wife Peng, his daughters Anashuya and Anuita, his son Anshumann, and a granddaughter Lara Sayana Bell.
# Elijah Thurmon

Elijah Thurmon (born August 2, 1978) is a former American Football wide receiver who played in the National Football League, and the Canadian Football League. He entered the NFL as a free agent with the Philadelphia Eagles. Thurmon played college football for Howard University, and was inducted into their hall of fame in 2016.

## Early years

Thurmon attended Meade High School where he played football, basketball and track.
At Howard University Thurmon earned NCAA Academic All American, the Howard University Excellence Award, and MEAC Academic Honors. He was also a recognized as a Unanimous All American as he broke Howard and MEAC total pass receiving yards and pass receptions records.

## Professional career
### National Football League

Considered one of the best wide receivers in the MEAC while at Howard University, Thurmon was acquired as a free agent by the NFL's Philadelphia Eagles. The following season, he signed with the Oakland Raiders and in the 2003 season, the Chicago Bears signed him and allocated him to NFL Europe's Berlin Thunder where he started ten games as wide receiver, leading the team with 37 receptions for 412 yards and five touchdowns.

### Canadian Football League

After his years in the NFL, Thurmon joined the CFL Saskatchewan Roughriders in 2004 as a free agent He had 88 receptions as slotback in 2005 for 1,048 yards and seven touchdowns, and was chosen as a West Division All-Star.
Thurmon became a free agent and signed with the Calgary Stampeders in 2006.
The Montreal Alouettes signed Thurmon in 2007 and he was named their offence MVP for four of the season's 18 games.

## After professional football

Thurmon was inducted into the Howard University Hall of Fame in 2016.
# Ktuts monastery

Ktuts monastery (Armenian: Կտուց, meaning beak in Armenian) is an abandoned 15th century Armenian monastery on the small island of Ktuts (Çarpanak) in Lake Van, Vaspurakan (present-day Turkey). According to tradition, the monastery was founded in the 4th century by Saint Gregory the Illuminator, after his return from Rome. It contained a hand of John the Baptist, which was kept in a reliquary now held at the Armenian Patriarchate of Jerusalem.
The first historical records referring to the monastery date to the 15th century, when it was known for its scriptorium. Manuscripts from this time are kept at the Matenadaran in Yerevan, Armenia. The monastery was most likely destroyed in an earthquake in 1648, before being rebuilt in the 18th century with funding from the people of Bagesh. It became one of the two seats of the diocese Lim and Ktuts.
At the time of the Hamidian massacres of 1894–1896, many refugees took shelter at the monastery. However this was not repeated during the Armenian genocide in 1915–1916, as access to the island was prevented by the Ottoman police. Since that time the monastery has been abandoned and only the church and its gavit remain.

## Gallery

* Ktuts on Lake Van
* Armenian cross-stone at the monastery
# Bloch oscillation

Bloch oscillation is a phenomenon from solid state physics. It describes the oscillation of a particle (e.g. an electron) confined in a periodic potential when a constant force is acting on it. It was first pointed out by Felix Bloch and Clarence Zener while studying the electrical properties of crystals. In particular, they predicted that the motion of electrons in a perfect crystal under the action of a constant electric field would be oscillatory instead of uniform. While in natural crystals this phenomenon is extremely hard to observe due to the scattering of electrons by lattice defects, it has been observed in semiconductor superlattices and in different physical systems such as cold atoms in an optical potential and ultrasmall Josephson junctions.

## Derivation

The one-dimensional equation of motion for an electron with wave vector $k$ in a constant electric field $E$ is: ${\frac {dp}{dt}}=\hbar {\frac {dk}{dt}}=-eE,$ which has the solution $k(t)=k(0)-{\frac {eE}{\hbar }}t.$
The group velocity $v$ of the electron is given by $v(k)={\frac {1}{\hbar }}{\frac {d{\mathcal {E}}}{dk}},$ where ${\mathcal {E}}(k)$ denotes the dispersion relation for the given energy band. Suppose that the latter has the (tight-binding) form ${\mathcal {E}}(k)=A\cos {ak},$ where $a$ is the lattice parameter and $A$ is a constant. Then $v(k)$ is given by $v(k)={\frac {1}{\hbar }}{\frac {d{\mathcal {E}}}{dk}}=-{\frac {Aa}{\hbar }}\sin {ak},$ and the electron position $x$ can be computed as a function of time: $x(t)=\int _{0}^{t}{v(k(t'))}{dt'}=x(0)+{\frac {A}{eE}}\cos \left({\frac {aeE}{\hbar }}t\right).$
This shows that the electron oscillates in real space. The angular frequency of the oscillations is given by $\omega _{B}=ae|E|/\hbar$.

## Discovery and experimental realizations

Bloch oscillations were predicted by Nobel laureate Felix Bloch in 1929. However, they were not experimentally observed for a long time, because in natural solid-state bodies, $\omega _{B}$ is (even with very high electric field strengths) not large enough to allow for full oscillations of the charge carriers within the diffraction and tunneling times, due to relatively small lattice periods. The development in semiconductor technology has recently led to the fabrication of structures with super lattice periods that are now sufficiently large, based on artificial semiconductors. The oscillation period in those structures is smaller than the diffraction time of the electrons, hence more oscillations can be observed in a time window below the diffraction time. For the first time the experimental observation of Bloch oscillations in such super lattices at very low temperatures was shown by Jochen Feldmann and Karl Leo in 1992. Other realizations were
* the observation of coherent Terahertz radiation of Bloch oscillations by Hartmut Roskos et al. in 1993
* the observation of Bloch oscillations at room temperature by Thomas Dekorsy et al. in 1995
* the observation of Bloch oscillations in the absence of a lattice
* the observation of Bloch oscillations in the classical system of macroscopic pendula
# Ed Justice

Edward S. "Chug" Justice (November 19, 1912 – October 26, 1991) was an American football end in the National Football League (NFL) for the Boston/Washington Redskins.

## College career

Justice attended and played college football at Gonzaga University, playing in the 1930s under the coaching of Mike Pecarovich. Justice was selected to play for the West in the 1936 East–West Shrine Game. During this game he was named best blocking back and best defensive back.

## Professional career

Justice played seven seasons for the Boston/Washington Redskins, from 1936 to 1942, as a member of a team that won four divisional championships and two NFL championships, in 1937 and 1942. Justice was nicknamed "Chug" by his Redskins teammates, a tip of the hat to his running prowess and ability to "chug" through the line. In 1937 Justice caught the winning touchdown pass from Sammy Baugh against Chicago to win the league championship. He was named to the 1942 Pro Bowl team.

## Life after football

Following his professional football career Justice served as a member of the armed forces in World War II, and later as a Spokane, Washington businessman.

## Honors

* Named to Inland Northwest Sports Hall of Fame (1987)
* Named to Gonzaga University Hall of Fame (1988)
# The Ode Less Travelled

The Ode Less Travelled: Unlocking the Poet Within is a book by author, actor, comedian, and director Stephen Fry about writing poetry. Fry covers metre, rhyme, many common and arcane poetic forms, and offers poetry exercises, contrasting modern and classic poets.
Fry's starting point can be summed up by the quotation with which he heads Chapter One: 'Poetry is metrical writing./If it isn't that I don't know what it is.' (J. V. Cunningham.) In a 'rant' near the end of the book he states: "I think that much poetry today suffers from anaemia. There is no iron in its blood, no energy, no drive".
Fry sets out to explain the many tools available to a poet in order to organise writing, noting poetry's essential metrical basis and introducing the many technical terms, with explanations and exercises. The book offers twenty 'Poetry Exercises', with one or two in each chapter.
The first main section, 'Metre', has six chapters, introducing the natural rhythm of spoken English and many forms of metre. In fact, 28 are listed in the 'Table of Metric Feet' which concludes this major section of the book. The next section, 'Rhyme', has three chapters, explaining the 'basic categories', 'rhyming arrangements' and discussing what is good or bad rhyme. Eleven chapters follow on 'Form', starting with a chapter on 'The Stanza. What is Form and Why Bother with It?' Closed and open forms, heroic verse, forms of ode, ballads, comic verse, sonnets, shaped verse; these and several more are explained along with examples. The book's final section is entitled 'Diction and Poetics Today'. There is also a 600 (approx) word 'Incomplete Glossary of Poetic Terms'.

## Launch dates

* UK: October 20, 2005. Hutchinson.
* USA: November 22, 2005
* UK: 2007. Arrow Books, London. (Paperback) ISBN 978-0-099-50934-9
# Tien-Yien Li

Tien-Yien Li (Chinese: 李天岩; June 28, 1945 – June 25, 2020) was a University Distinguished Professor of Mathematics and University Distinguished Professor Emeritus at Michigan State University. There, he spent 42 years and supervised 26 Ph.D. dissertations.

## Early life and education

Li was born on June 28, 1945, in Sha County, Fujian Province, China. At age three, he was brought to Taiwan by his parents. He earned his B.S. in Mathematics at the National Tsinghua University in 1968. Li received his doctorate in 1974 from University of Maryland under the guidance of James Yorke.

## Academic career

Li joined the faculty of the Department of Mathematics at Michigan State University in 1976 and was promoted to the rank of full professor in 1983. He retired as a University Distinguished Professor Emeritus in 2018 after spending 42 years at the university. Li and his supervisor James Yorke published a paper in 1975 entitled Period three implies chaos, in which the mathematical term chaos was coined. He also proved Ulam's conjecture in the field of computation of invariant measures of chaotic dynamical systems. Working with Kellogg and Yorke, Li's ideas and the use of numerical methods in computing Brouwer's fixed point, part of the field of modern Homotopy Continuation methods.

## Awards and honors

* Guggenheim Fellow, 1995
* Distinguished Faculty Award, College of Natural Science, Michigan State University, 1996.
* Distinguished Faculty Award, Michigan State University, 1996.
* J.S.Frame Teaching Award, 1996.
* University Distinguished Professor, Michigan State University, 1998.
* Distinguished Alumni, College of Sciences, Tsing Hua University, Taiwan, 2002.
* Outstanding Academic Advisor Award, College of Natural Science, Michigan State University, 2006.
* National Tsinghua University's Outstanding Alumni Award, Taiwan, 2012.