OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Phillipsiidae

Phillipsiidae is a family of proetid trilobites, the various genera of which comprise some of the last of the trilobites, with a range that extended from the Kinderhookian epoch of the Lower Mississippian, to the end of Changhsingian age at Permian-Triassic extinction event in the latest Permian period.
Phillipsiidae is sometimes defined as a subfamily, "Phillipsiinae," and usually placed within the family Proetidae. Jell & Adrain (2003) went so far as to lump Phillipsiidae into the family Proetidae, however other workers since like Lerosey-Aubril and Feist (2005) have continued to recognize Phillipsiidae as a distinct and separate family within Proetida.

## Subfamilies

The following genera are included, divided among six subfamilies:
* No subfamily
** Phillipsia (type genus)
** Breviphillipsia
** Comptonaspis
** Griffithidella
** Hesslerides
** Kollarcephalus
** Nunnaspis
** Phillibole
** Piltonia
* Subfamily Archegoninae
** Archegonus
** Hildaphillipsia
* Subfamily Bollandiinae
** Bollandia
** Kathwaia
** Neoproetus
* Subfamily Cummingellinae
** Bedicella
** Cummingella
** Paraphillipsia
** Persiax
* Subfamily Cyrtosymbolinae
** Carbonocoryphe
** Cyrtosymbole
* Subfamily Ditomopyginae
** Acanthophillipsia
** Acropyge
** Ameropiltonia
** Ameura
** Ampulliglabella
** Australokaskia
** Anisopyge
** Delaria
** Ditomopyge
** Hentigia
** Iranaspidion
** Jimbokranion
** Malchi
** Microphillipsia
** Novoameura
** Planokaskia
** Permoproetus
** Pseudophillipsia
** Simulopaladin
** Timoraspis
** Vidria
* Subfamily Thaiaspidinae
** Thaiaspis
** Thigriffides
* Subfamily Weaniinae
** Doublatia
** Endops
** Nipponaspis
** Weania
# Borophagini

Borophagini is a clade or tribe of the subfamily Borophaginae. This is an extinct group of terrestrial canids that were endemic and widespread throughout North America and Central America which lived during the Geringian stage of the Oligocene epoch to the Zanclean age of the Early Pliocene living 30.8—3.6 Mya existing approximately 27.2 million years.

## Biology

Borophagini were short-faced, heavy-jawed canids, usually massive in size. They were primarily carnivores but dentition demonstrates omnivore traits.

## Taxonomy

Borophagini was named by Simpson (1945) [credited to Simpson because he named Borophaginae]. It was assigned to Borophaginae by Wang et al. (1999) and Wang et al. (2004).

## Clade

The clade includes: Cormocyon, Desmocyon, Metatomarctus, Euoplocyon, Psalidocyon, Microtomarctus, Protomarctus, and Tephrocyon.

### Subtaxa and sister taxa

The subtaxa or subtribes are: Aelurodontina, Borophagina, and Cynarctina. Phlaocyonini is a sister taxon.

## Fossil distribution

With the clade comprising many genus and subtaxa, the distribution of fossil specimens for Borophagini is widespread throughout the entire continent extending from coast to coast as well as Florida to western Oregon to Panama.

## Resources

* ↑ PaleoBiology Database: Borophagini, Taxonomy, Subtaxa
* ↑ Nowak, R. M., Walker's Mammals of the World. Maryland, Johns Hopkins University Press (edited volume) II, 1991
* ↑ "Phylogenetic systematics of the Borophaginae" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2007-03-20. Retrieved 2009-07-20.
* ↑ Simpson, George Gaylord (1945). "The Principles of Classification and a Classification of Mammals". Bulletin of the AMNH. 85. New York. hdl:2246/1104. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
* ↑ Wang, Xiaoming; Tedford, Richard H.; Taylor, Beryl E. (1999). Phylogenetic systematics of the Borophaginae (Carnivora, Canidae). Bulletin of the AMNH. Vol. 243. New York. hdl:2246/1588.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
* ↑ Wang, Xiaoming; Wideman, Benjamin C.; Nichols, Ralph; Hanneman, Debra L. (2004). "A new species of Aleurodon (Carnivora, Canidae) from the Barstovian of Montana". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 24 (2): 445–452. Bibcode:2004JVPal..24..445W. doi:10.1671/2493. JSTOR 4524730. S2CID 21694500.
# Salas, Asturias

Salas (also known as San Martin de Salas) is a town and concejo (municipality) in the Principality of Asturias. It lies on the road from San Sebastián to Santiago de Compostela, and on a small subtributary of the river Narcea. It is bordered on the north by Valdés, Cudillero and Pravia, to south by Belmonte de Miranda, to the east by Pravia, Candamo and Grado, and to the west by Tineo and Valdés.
Salas is a mountainous region in which coal-mining and agriculture are the principal industries. The products of this region are sent for export to Cudillero, a small harbour on the Bay of Biscay. Salas is well known as a tourist point and as the birthplace of Fernando de Valdés y Salas.

## Culture

There are several buildings of importance in Salas, the Palacio de Doriga, Palacio de Valdés and Castillo de Salas, among others. Also the romanesque Monasterio de San Salvador, the Monasterio de San Martin and the Colegiata de Santa María la Mayor.

## Parishes

* Alava
* Ardesaldu
* Boudenaya
* Camuñu
* Cermoñu
* Cornellana
* Godán
* Idarga
* La Espina
* Llaniu
* Ḷḷaviu
* Llinares
* Maecina
* Maeza
* Miera
* Prieiru
* Salas
* Santolín
* San Esteban de la Dóriga
* San Xustu
* Aciana
* Doriga
* Santiagu la Barca
* Santuyanu
* Soutu los Infantes
* Viescas
* Villamar
* Villazón

## Politics

Elecciones municipales :
| Partido | 1979 | 1983 | 1987 | 1991 | 1995 | 1999 | 2003 | 2007 | 2011 |
| PSOE | 0 | 6 | 6 | 9 | 8 | 10 | 8 | 7 | 6 |
| FAC | | | | | | | | | 5 |
| PP | 4 | 7 | 5 | 4 | 5 | 2 | 5 | 5 | 2 |
| IU | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
| UCA | 5 | | | | | | | | |
| UCD/CDS | 4 | - | 2 | 0 | | | | | |
| CIS | | | | | | 1 | | | |
| Total | 13 | 13 | 13 | 13 | 13 | 13 | 13 | 13 | 13 |
# Drosera salina

Drosera salina is an erect perennial tuberous species in the carnivorous plant genus Drosera. It is endemic to Western Australia and is only found in salt-free sand on the margins of salt lakes in a few locations north of Albany east to north-west of Esperance. The specific epithet, salina, refers to the salt lake margins that this species inhabits. D. salina produces small carnivorous leaves along stems that can be 7 cm (3 in) high. White flowers bloom from July to September.
Drosera salina was first described by N. G. Marchant and Allen Lowrie in 1992. It is listed by Western Australia's Department of Environment and Conservation as a priority two poorly known taxon on the Declared Rare and Priority Flora List.
# Cup of Jamshid

The Cup of Jamshid (Persian: جام جم, jām-e Jam) is a cup of divination, which in Persian mythology was long possessed by the rulers of ancient Greater Iran. Its name is associated with Jamshid (Jam in New Persian), a mythological figure of Greater Iranian culture and tradition. The cup has also been called Jam-e Jahan nama, Jam-e Jahan Ara, Jam-e Giti nama, and Jam-e Kei-khosrow. The latter refers to Kaei Husravah in the Avesta, and Sushrava in the Vedas.
The cup has been the subject of many Persian poems and stories. Many authors ascribed the success of the Persian Empire to the possession of this artifact. It appears extensively in Persian literature.
The cup ("Jām") was said to be filled with an elixir of immortality and was used in scrying. As mentioned by Ali-Akbar Dehkhoda, it was believed that all seven heavens of the universe could be observed by looking into it (از هفت فلک در او مشاهده و معاینه کردی). It was believed to have been discovered in Persepolis in ancient times. The whole world was said to be reflected in it, and divinations within the cup were said to reveal deep truths. Sometimes, especially in popular depictions such as The Heroic Legend of Arslan, the cup has been visualized as a crystal ball. Helen Zimmern's English translation of the Shahnameh uses the term "crystal globe".
The seven-ringed Cup of Jamshid is spoken of in the classic poem Rubaiyat by the 11th century Persian Omar Khayyam. See the 5th verse in the 5th translation by Edward Fitzgerald:
   Iram indeed is gone with all its Rose, And Jamshyd's Sev'n-ring'd Cup where no one knows; But still the Vine her ancient Ruby yields, And still a Garden by the Water blows.
It also finds mention in the Sawāneḥ, authored by Persian Sufi mystic Ahmad Ghazali:
   As long as the world-displaying goblet is in my hand, the wheel of heaven on high lowers itself before me / As long as the Kaʿba of non-being is the qebla of my being, the most sober man in the world is intoxicated by me.
In 20th century literature, the cup was mentioned in by the poet, philosopher, and one of the founder fathers of Pakistan, Allama Muhammad Iqbal in his poem Tasvīr-i Dard "The Portrait of Anguish":
   Urdu(romanized): "Agar Dekha Bhi Uss Ne Sare Aalam Ko To Kya Dekha? Nazar Ayi Na Kuch Apni Haqiqat Jaam Se Jam Ko".
   English(translated): Even if he viewed the whole world, what did he see? Jam could not see his own reality in the wine cup
# Zlatarishka reka

The Zlatarishka reka (Bulgarian: Златаришка река) is a 56.5 km-long river in northern Bulgaria, a right tributary of the Veselina, itself a right tributary of the river Stara reka of the Yantra. It is the largest tributary of the Veselina.
The Zlatarishka reka takes its source under the name Zelenishka reka at an altitude of 1,315 m some 300 m north of the Chumerna refuge in the Elena–Tvarditsa division of the Balkan Mountains and flows in general direction north throughout its whole course. Until the village of Ruhovtsi it flows in a deep forested valley, which eventually widens as it runs through the eastern parts of the Elena Valley. It then bisects the Elena Heights in the 10 km long Boaza Gorge. Downstream of the gorge the valley widens again, the river passes through Zlataritsa and some 1.6 km north of the town flows into the Veselina at an altitude of 85 m.
Its drainage basin covers a territory of 187 km$^2$ or 21.2% of the Veselina's total. High water is in March–June and low water is in July–October.
The river flows entirely in Veliko Tarnovo Province. There are two towns and five villages along its course: Miykovtsi, Hanevtsi, Ruhovtsi, Karandili, Maryan, Dolni Maryan and the town of Elena in Elena Municipality, as well as the town of Zlataritsa in Zlataritsa Municipality. A 10.5 km section of the second class II-53 road Polikraishte–Sliven–Yambol–Sredets follows the river's gorge through the Elena Heights.

## Citations

* 1 2 3 4 Geographic Dictionary of Bulgaria 1980, p. 213
* ↑ Geographic Dictionary of Bulgaria 1980, p. 105
* ↑ "A Map of the Republican Road Network of Bulgaria". Official Site of the Road Infrastructure Agency. Retrieved 14 November 2024.
# 2024 Upper Austria Ladies Linz – Doubles

Sara Errani and Jasmine Paolini won the doubles title at the 2024 Upper Austria Ladies Linz, defeating Nicole Melichar-Martinez and Ellen Perez in the final, 7–5, 4–6, [10–7].
Natela Dzalamidze and Viktória Hrunčáková were the reigning champions, but Dzalamidze chose to compete in Hua Hin instead. Hrunčáková partnered Alexandra Panova, but lost in the first round to Ulrikke Eikeri and Tereza Mihalíková.

## Seeds

* Nicole Melichar-Martinez / Ellen Perez (final)
* Ulrikke Eikeri / Tereza Mihalíková (quarterfinals)
* Eri Hozumi / Makoto Ninomiya (quarterfinals)
* Asia Muhammad / Alycia Parks (quarterfinals)

## Draw
### Key

* Q = Qualifier
* WC = Wild card
* LL = Lucky loser
* Alt = Alternate
* SE = Special exempt
* PR = Protected ranking
* ITF = ITF entry
* JE = Junior exempt
* w/o = Walkover
* r = Retired
* d = Defaulted
* SR = Special ranking

### Draw

| First round | First round | First round | First round | First round | Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Final | Final | Final | Final | Final |
| 1 | N Melichar-Martinez E Perez | 6 | 6 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | A Barnett M Lumsden | 1 | 1 | | 1 | N Melichar-Martinez E Perez | 3 | 7$^7$ | [10] | | | | | | | | | |
| | E Alexandrova S Santamaria | 6 | 6 | | | E Alexandrova S Santamaria | 6 | 6$^3$ | [5] | | | | | | | | | |
| | A Bondár K Zimmermann | 3 | 4 | | | | | | | 1 | N Melichar-Martinez E Perez | 6 | 6 | | | | | |
| 3 | E Hozumi M Ninomiya | 6 | 6 | | | | | | | | E Cocciaretto M Trevisan | 4 | 4 | | | | | |
| | E Lechemia O Nicholls | 1 | 1 | | 3 | E Hozumi M Ninomiya | 6 | 1 | [9] | | | | | | | | | |
| | O Kalashnikova K Piter | 4 | 6 | [7] | | E Cocciaretto M Trevisan | 4 | 6 | [11] | | | | | | | | | |
| | E Cocciaretto M Trevisan | 6 | 3 | [10] | | | | | | | | | | 1 | N Melichar-Martinez E Perez | 5 | 6 | [7] |
| | A-L Friedsam N Kichenok | 6 | 6 | | | | | | | | | | | | S Errani J Paolini | 7 | 4 | [10] |
| | I Khromacheva M Kolodziejová | 2 | 3 | | | A-L Friedsam N Kichenok | 7 | 1 | [10] | | | | | | | | | |
| WC | M Klaffner S Kraus | 1 | 4 | | 4 | A Muhammad A Parks | 5 | 6 | [8] | | | | | | | | | |
| 4 | A Muhammad A Parks | 6 | 6 | | | | | | | | A-L Friedsam N Kichenok | 1 | 5 | | | | | |
| Alt | A Anshba A Dețiuc | 2 | 2 | | | | | | | | S Errani J Paolini | 6 | 7 | | | | | |
| | S Errani J Paolini | 6 | 6 | | | S Errani J Paolini | 6 | 5 | [10] | | | | | | | | | |
| | V Hrunčáková A Panova | 5 | 6 | [8] | 2 | U Eikeri T Mihalíková | 4 | 7 | [8] | | | | | | | | | |
| 2 | U Eikeri T Mihalíková | 7 | 2 | [10] | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
# Grodziec, Gmina Ozimek

Grodziec is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Ozimek, within Opole County, Opole Voivodeship, in southern Poland.

## History

In the 10th century the area became part of the emerging Polish state, and later on, it was part of Poland, Bohemia (Czechia), Prussia, and Germany. During World War II, the Germans operated the E385 forced labour subcamp of the Stalag VIII-B/344 prisoner-of-war camp in the village. After Germany's defeat in the war, in 1945, the village became again part of Poland.
# Bouleia

Bouleia is a genus of trilobites in the order Phacopida (family Calmoniidae) which existed during the lower Devonian in what is now Bolivia. It was described by Kozlowski in 1923, and the type species is B. dagincourti, which was originally described under the genus Phacops by Ulrich in 1892. It also contains the species B. sphaericeps, originally described by Kozlowski, also in 1923, as Dereimsia sphaericeps. The type locality was the Icla Formation in Padilla.

## Taxonomy

Bouleia belongs to a group of primarily South-American species that developed from the genus Metacryphaeus. It is most related to Parabouleia, and these two genera together are the sistergroup of a clade containing Vogesina, Palpebrops and Malvinella.
# United Services Portsmouth RFC

United Services Portsmouth RFC are a Rugby Union club based in Portsmouth, England. The club was founded in 1882 and play their home games at the United Services Recreation Ground.

## History

United Services Portsmouth RFC was founded in 1882, there being records of the club from that date With the exception of the 1884–85 season and the War Years, the club has unbroken records of fixtures. At the beginning of the twentieth century the club found it hard to gain support from service players, because it was considered necessary to turn out for civilian clubs to get first-class games. However, in 1902 the United Services Recreation Ground began to give financial support to the club to stimulate interest and by the time a Royal Navy Rugby Union was formed in 1906 the club was performing strongly with an excellent reputation and equally strong fixture list. It was described by Wavell Wakefield in the 1930s as one of the strongest clubs in the country. This dominance was helped in no small part by the continued sponsorship of the Royal Navy. Until the start of league rugby, the fixture list boasted the elite of domestic football (including Bath, Leicester, Harlequins, and Saracens).
In the professional era, the club no longer features as a first-class side. The early twenty-first century saw the club fielding three squads, The Bulldogs, Buccaneers and Crusaders. In order to shore up numbers the club is open to civilians. This results in a club that boasts a combination of players from the Royal Navy, Army, Air Force, local Civilians and Students from Portsmouth University.
The first squad compete at Level 8 and still play at the Burnaby Road United Services Recreation Ground. In the season 2014–15 the club won the Hampshire 1 League with an unprecedented 18 wins out of 18 and gained 18 try bonus points. The club is still backed by the Royal Navy Rugby Union.

## Notable players

International players include:
* England - W N Lapage
* England - Fischer Burges-Watson
* England - George Hamilton D'Oyly Lyon
* Scotland - John Skinner Wilson
* Scotland - Louis Greig
* England - H C Harrison
* England - J C Gibson
* England - A D Warrington-Morris
* England - A C Bolton
* England - Norman Wodehouse
* England - W E Mann
* Scotland - Cecil Abercrombie
* England - W B Hynes
* England - A H MacIlwaine
* Scotland - J L Boyd
* England - Francis Oakeley
* England - W. J. A. Davies
* England - A L Harrison
* England - Cecil Kershaw
* Ireland - C F Hallaran
* Scotland - Cecil MacKenzie
* Scotland - A E Thomson
* England - P B William-Powlett
* England - M S Bradby
* Ireland - H W V Stephenson
* Ireland - W F Browne

## Club Honours

* Hampshire Cup winners (6): 1971, 1972, 1977, 1981, 1982, 1983
* Hampshire 1 champions (3): 1999–00, 2014–15, 2017–18
* Hampshire Plate winners: 2009
# Óscar López

Óscar López may refer to:
* Oscar Lopez (guitarist) (born 1953), Chilean-Canadian guitarist
* Óscar López Águeda (born 1973), Spanish politician
* Oscar López (footballer, born 1937), Argentinian footballer and manager
* Óscar López (Colombian footballer) (1939–2005), Colombian international footballer
* Óscar López (footballer, born 1980), Spanish footballer
* Óscar López (footballer, born 1984), Spanish footballer
* Oscar López (Nicaraguan footballer) (born 1992), Nicaraguan international footballer
* Óscar López (footballer, born 2006), Bolivian international footballer
* Oscar López Rivera (born 1943), Puerto Rican pro-independence activist
* Óscar López (politician), Costa Rican politician
* Óscar López Rodríguez, Chilean seller of antiquities, known for the death of two people in Lolol
# Carlos Martínez (footballer, born 1980)

Carlos Martínez Fernández (born 13 November 1980) is a Spanish retired footballer who played as a left winger, and is a current manager.

## Playing career

Born in Llerena, Badajoz, Extremadura, Martínez only played amateur football well into his 20s. In 2007, he joined Segunda División B side CD Leganés, being a regular starter for the club during his three-year spell.
On 28 July 2010, Martínez signed for AD Alcorcón, newly promoted to Segunda División. He made his professional debut on 29 August of that year at the age of 29, coming on as a second-half substitute for goalscorer Fernando Sales in a 1–1 away draw against Albacete Balompié.
Martínez scored his first and only goal in division two on 10 April 2011, netting his team's fourth in a 4–1 away routing of Córdoba CF. In July of the following year, after being sparingly used, he returned to his former side Leganés, scoring a career-best 11 goals in his first season and helping the team achieve promotion in his second.
Martínez retired in 2015, aged 34, after featuring regularly for third division side CF Fuenlabrada.

## Managerial career

Shortly after retiring, Martínez started working as a fitness coach in Atlético Madrid's youth setup, before moving to China and Saudi Arabia. On 8 July 2019, he returned to Lega after being named Luis Cembranos' assistant in the B-team. He moved to the first team after Cembranos took over the main squad in an interim manner, but remained in the staff after the appointment of Javier Aguirre.
On 10 September 2020, Martínez was announced as manager of Leganés' B-team. On 4 April 2023, he was named manager of the first team, after Imanol Idiakez was sacked.
Martínez helped Lega to avoid relegation, but departed on 6 June 2023 after the club only offered him to be a part of the staff. Fourteen days later, he took over Primera Federación side CF Fuenlabrada.
Martínez was sacked by Fuenla on 22 April 2024, after a run of five winless matches.

## Personal life

Martínez's younger brother Robert was also a footballer. A central midfielder, he never appeared in any higher than the third division.

## Managerial statistics

    As of 20 April 2024
Managerial record by team and tenure :
| Team | Nat | From | To | Record | Record | Record | Record | Record | Record | Record | Record | Ref |
| Team | Nat | From | To | G | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | Win % | Ref |
| Leganés B | | 20 July 2020 | 4 April 2023 | 88 | 36 | 26 | 26 | 110 | 85 | +25 | 040.91 | |
| Leganés (interim) | | 4 April 2023 | 6 June 2023 | 8 | 4 | 1 | 3 | 9 | 7 | +2 | 050.00 | |
| Fuenlabrada | | 20 June 2023 | 22 April 2024 | 33 | 9 | 11 | 13 | 29 | 37 | −8 | 027.27 | |
| Total | Total | Total | Total | 129 | 49 | 38 | 42 | 148 | 129 | +19 | 037.98 | — |
# Sinhalese porcupine quill boxes

Porcupine quill boxes are decorative boxes that are finely inlaid with ivory discs and porcupine quills between bands of ebony. They were highly valued for their rich timbers and intricate craftsmanship.

## Construction

Ceylonese ebony and porcupine quill boxes were mainly produced in southern Ceylon, principally in Galle District and Matara, important trading posts for the thriving export trade. The style of the boxes was very much aimed at the demand of the European market, boxes imitated traditional English forms such as jewellery boxes, sewing baskets and writing boxes. Although porcupine quill boxes were originally made for English residents, by the late 19th century there was a thriving commercial export trade. The production of porcupine quill boxes and furniture mainly falls between around 1850 and 1900. One particular example is in the V&A museum, which was given to Queen Victoria c. 1850.
The number of ivory dots and their proximity to each other are a good indication of a valuable box. The finest boxes from Galle may have an ivory disc positioned every 0.5 cm (0.20 in) on all of the ebony borders. By contrast a lesser box may have dots 25 mm (1 in) apart or more. Boxes from Matara often had two small dots directly above and below larger dots all around the border.
The quality of the porcupine quills used is also a detail to look for. The porcupine's quills can grow up to 40 cm (16 in) long, they naturally drop their quills so they can easily be collected by hand. The base is thick and tapers to a fine and very sharp point. The quills are very strong and to be used in box production must be sliced in half lengthways. Boxes with broader quills from cuts near the quill base are cheaper. Conversely, those with fine quills are much more desirable and thus valuable. There are two types of quill, the first with distinct dark and white bands and the other with plain blond colouration. The coloured quills were used to make chevron patterns, whilst the blond quills offered a cleaner look.

## Variation

The most common boxes are up to 280 mm (11 in) in width, some have sliding lids and others are hinged with a lock on the front. These boxes are rarely exceptional; however, there is a small group of boxes from Matara that tend to be superior in the use of quills and ivory discs and these boxes command high prices. In general, boxes larger than 330 mm (13 in) wide tend to be superior, they were aimed at the more affluent client who could afford the extra time and attention to detail required.
The quality of timber used was not always very good: it was often not treated or dried properly, so the potential for warping is high.