OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Borromean nucleus

In nuclear physics, a Borromean nucleus is an atomic nucleus comprising three bound components in which any subsystem of two components is unbound. This has the consequence that if one component is removed, the remaining two comprise an unbound resonance, so that the original nucleus is split into three parts.
The name is derived from the Borromean rings, a system of three linked rings in which no pair of rings is linked.

## Examples of Borromean nuclei

Many Borromean nuclei are light nuclei near the nuclear drip lines that have a nuclear halo and low nuclear binding energy. For example, the nuclei $^6$ He , $^{11}$ Li , and $^{22}$ C each possess a two-neutron halo surrounding a core containing the remaining nucleons. These are Borromean nuclei because the removal of either neutron from the halo will result in a resonance unbound to one-neutron emission, whereas the dineutron (the particles in the halo) is itself an unbound system. Similarly, $^{17}$ Ne is a Borromean nucleus with a two-proton halo; both the diproton and $^{16}$ F are unbound.
Additionally, $^9$ Be is a Borromean nucleus comprising two alpha particles and a neutron; the removal of any one component would produce one of the unbound resonances $^5$ He or $^8$ Be .
Several Borromean nuclei such as $^9$ Be and the Hoyle state (an excited resonance in $^{12}$ C ) play an important role in nuclear astrophysics. Namely, these are three-body systems whose unbound components (formed from $^4$ He ) are intermediate steps in the triple-alpha process; this limits the rate of production of heavier elements, for three bodies must react nearly simultaneously.
Borromean nuclei consisting of more than three components can also exist. These also lie along the drip lines; for instance, $^8$ He and $^{14}$ Be are five-body Borromean systems with a four-neutron halo. It is also possible that nuclides produced in the alpha process (such as $^{12}$ C and $^{16}$ O ) may be clusters of alpha particles, having a similar structure to Borromean nuclei.
As of 2012, the heaviest known Borromean nucleus was $^{29}$ F . Heavier species along the neutron drip line have since been observed; these and undiscovered heavier nuclei along the drip line are also likely to be Borromean nuclei with varying numbers (3, 5, 7, or more) of bodies.
# Bowling Green Dolomite

The Bowling Green Dolomite is a geologic formation in Missouri. It preserves fossils dating back to the Silurian period.
# Branch Canyon Formation

The Branch Canyon Formation is a geologic formation in California. It preserves fossils dating back to the Neogene period.
# Branneroceras

Branneroceras is a goniatitid genus from the Late Carboniferous (Middle -Late Pennsylvanian). Their fossils have been found in Nunavut, Canada, and in Arkansas and Texas, USA.

## Taxonomy

Branneroceras has been assigned to the Schistoceratidae, a family on goniatitid ammonoids included in the Schistocerataceae, now Schistoceratoidea. At one time Branneroceras was regarded as a subgenus of Gastrioceras, Gastrioceras (Branneroceras), but Gastrioceras is included in the Gastrioceratidae. The type species for Branneroceras is Gastrioceras branneri Smith, 1896.

## Morphology

The shell of Branneroceras is typically narrow, evolute, with a wide or moderately wide umbilicus. Coiling maybe slightly irregular. The surface has a crenulate appearance produced by biconvex growth lines crossed by fine longitudinal, wirelike, lirae. Ribs extend Laterally from the umbilical shoulder onto the lateral flanks and persist to full maturity. Growth lines form a ventral sinus and a ventrolateral projection or salient.
The ventral lobe at maturity is double pronged. Prongs are narrow, separated by a median saddle three quarters the height of the entire lobe.
# Bridwell Formation

The Bridwell Formation is a geologic formation in Texas. It preserves fossils dating back to the Neogene period.
# Scottish Welfare Football Association

The Scottish Welfare Football Association (SWFA) is an affiliated association of the Scottish Football Association. It was formed at the end of the First World War to boost morale among factory workers. Historically, over 500 clubs competed in Welfare competitions; however, this has dwindled over the years to fewer than 200 currently. The association oversees competitions mainly operating Sunday and summer or midweek football, predominantly in the North of Scotland.
# Brisbois Formation

The Brisbois Formation is a geologic formation in Oregon. It preserves fossils dating back to the Triassic period.
# University of Tennessee Press

The University of Tennessee Press is a university press associated with the University of Tennessee.
UT Press was established in 1940 by the University of Tennessee Board of Trustees.
The University of Tennessee Press issues about 35 books each year. Its specialties include scholarly lists in African American studies, southern history, Appalachian studies, material culture, and literary studies, as well as books on regional topics written for general readers.
Notable books about Tennessee or Appalachia that were issued by the Press include:
* Horace Kephart's Our Southern Highlanders (1976)
* Cades Cove: A Southern Appalachian Community, by Durwood Dunn (1988)
* Tennesseans and Their History by Paul Bergeron, Stephen Ash, and Jeannette Keith (1999)
* The Dictionary of Smoky Mountain English by Michael Montgomery and Joseph S. Hall (2004)
* Bobby Lovett's The Civil Rights Movement in Tennessee: A Narrative History, winner of the 2005 Tennessee History Book Award.
* Encyclopedia of Appalachia, published in 2006 in association with the Center for Appalachian Studies and Services of East Tennessee State University. This 2,000-page resource, edited by Rudy Abramson and Jean Haskell, contains contributions from nearly 700 scholars.
Six UT Press books related to Appalachia, including the Encyclopedia of Appalachia, have won the Appalachian Studies Association's annual Weatherford Award.
Four UT Press books in the field of material culture have won the Abbott Lowell Cummings Award:
* Charles Martin, Hollybush: Folk Building and Social Change in an Appalachian Community (1985)
* Bernard L. Herman, Architecture and Rural Life in Central Delaware, 1700–1900 (1987)
* Kingston Heath, The Patina of Place: Cultural Weathering of a New England Industrial Landscape (2001)
* J. Ritchie Garrison, Two Carpenters: Architecture and Building in Early New England, 1799–1859 (2007)
Some other noteworthy books that UT Press has published are:
* Charles Hudson's The Southeastern Indians (1976)
* Jo Ann Gibson Robinson's The Montgomery Bus Boycott and the Women Who Started It (1978)
* Richard Beale Davis's Intellectual Life in the Colonial South, for which Davis received the 1978 National Book Award in history
* Warren Grabau's Ninety-eight Days: A Geographer's View of the Vicksburg Campaign (2000), which was named an "Outstanding Academic Title" by the magazine Choice: Current Reviews for Academic Libraries
* Laura Jarmon's Wishbone: Reference and Interpretation in Black Folk Narrative (2003), another of Choice magazine's Outstanding Academic Title.
A major online publication project of the UT Press is the Tennessee Encyclopedia of History and Culture, created in cooperation with the Tennessee Historical Society. When it first appeared in 2002, this was the second online state encyclopedia ever produced. The UT Press continues to update and expand it. According to UT Press, its long-term plans include the creation of digital editions of the Encyclopedia of Appalachia and The Dictionary of Smoky Mountain English.
# Buckinghorse Shale

The Buckinghorse Shale is a geologic formation in British Columbia. It preserves fossils dating back to the Cretaceous period.
# Bug Creek Group

The Bug Creek Group is a geologic group in Northwest Territories. It preserves fossils dating back to the Jurassic period.
# Bufo linquensis

Bufo linquensis is a prehistoric species of toad that lived in the Miocene of China. It is known from Shanwang, Shandong province.
# Burwell Rock Formation

The Burwell Rock Formation is a geologic formation in England. It preserves fossils dating back to the Cretaceous period.
# Butterfield Formation

The Butterfield Formation is a geologic formation in Utah. It preserves fossils dating back to the Carboniferous period.
# Cainochoerus

Cainochoerus was an extinct genus of even-toed ungulates which lived during the Miocene and Pliocene in Africa. Fossils have been found in Kenya, Ethiopia and South Africa.
Cainochoerus was a very small, cursorial pig. It was originally described as a species of peccary based on its simple single-cusped premolars. Among the living pigs, the small pygmy hog can be considered an analogue.
# Calcaire à Bélemnites

The Calcaire à Bélemnites is a geologic formation in France. It preserves fossils dating back to the Jurassic period.
# Calcaire Nankin

The Calcaire Nankin is a geologic formation in France. It preserves fossils dating back to the Cretaceous period.
# Calcaires à stipites

The Calcaires à stipites is a geologic formation in France. It preserves fossils dating back to the Jurassic period.
# Calcareous Grit

The Calcareous Grit is a geologic formation in England. It preserves fossils dating back to the Jurassic period.
# Callaionautilus

Callaionautilus is a genus of cephalopods included in the nautilid family Clydonautilidae that lived during the Late Triassic. Its fossils have been found on the island of Timor.
The shell of Callaionautilus is involute, coiled such that only the outer whorl is exposed. Early whorls have nodes on the ventral shoulder that disappear toward the aperture. Later whorls have a nodose keel bordered by furrows. The siphuncle position is unknown.
Clydonautilus, Cosmonautilus, Proclydonautilus, and Styrionautilus are closely related genera belonging to the same family.
# David Bradford

David Bradford may refer to:
* David Bradford (lawyer) (1760–1808), lawyer and deputy attorney-general for Washington County, Pennsylvania
* David Bradford (economist) (1939–2005), American economist and professor of economics and public affairs
* David Bradford (footballer) (born 1953), English retired football midfielder
* David Bradford (photographer) (born 1951), American photographer, video maker, and taxi driver
* D. M. Bradford, Canadian writer
* David Cordley Bradford (1922–2002), British general practitioner
* David Bradford, a character played by Grant Goodeve in the TV series Eight Is Enough
# Callaway Limestone

The Callaway Limestone is a geologic formation in Missouri. It preserves fossils dating back to the Devonian period.
# Calloway Creek Formation

The Calloway Creek Formation is a geologic formation in Kentucky. It preserves fossils dating back to the Ordovician period.
# Cameron Creek Formation

The Cameron Creek Formation is a geologic formation in Montana. It preserves fossils dating back to the Carboniferous period.
# Campanile (gastropod)

Campanile is a genus of large sea snails, marine gastropod molluscs in the family Campanilidae.

## Biology

All species in this genus have become extinct, except Campanile symbolicum Iredale, 1917 from southwestern Australia. They used to flourish in the Tethys Sea and underwent a widespread adaptive radiation in the Cenozoic.

## Species

Species within the genus Campanile include:
* † Campanile auvertianum
* † Campanile brookmani Cox 1930
* † Campanile claytonense
* † Campanile cornucopiae
* † Campanile dilloni
* † Campanile elongatum
* † Campanile giganteum (Lamarck, 1804) - a gigantic fossil species from the Eocene
* † Campanile gigas Martin 1881
* † Campanile greenellum
* † Campanile hebertianum
* † Campanile houbricki
* † Campanile parisiense
* † Campanile paratum
* Campanile symbolicum Iredale, 1917 - a living Australian species. This is the only extant species of Campanilidae.
* † Campanile tchihatcheffi d’Archiac 1850
* † Campanile trevorjacksoni Portell & Donovan, 2008 - a fossil species from the Eocene
* † Campanile uniplicatum (d'Orbigny, 1850)
* † Campanile villaltai
# Campile Formation

The Campile Formation is a geologic formation in south-east Ireland. It preserves fossils dating back to the Ordovician period.
# Canso Formation

The Canso Formation is a geologic formation in New Brunswick. It preserves fossils dating back to the Carboniferous period.
# Capps Formation

The Capps Formation is a geologic formation in Texas. It preserves fossils dating back to the Carboniferous period.
# Catenoleimus

Catenoleimus is a prehistoric bird genus from the Late Cretaceous. It lived during the mid-late Turonian stage, around 90 million years ago. A single species Catenoleimus anachoretus has been described, and this is only known from one piece of coracoid (specimen PO 4606), found in the Bissekty Formation of the Kyzyl Kum in present-day Uzbekistan.
This bird appears to be a mid-sized enantiornithine, perhaps 20–25 cm long in life. The morphology of the bone is rather plesiomorphic compared to contemporary Enantiornithes.
# Haymarket

Haymarket may refer to:

## Places
### Australia

* Haymarket, New South Wales, area of Sydney, Australia

### Germany

* Heumarkt (KVB), transport interchange in Cologne on the site of the Heumarkt (literally: hay market)

### Russia

* Sennaya Square (Hay Square), Saint Petersburg

### Sweden

* Hötorget, or Haymarket, city square in the center of Stockholm

### United Kingdom

* Haymarket, London, a street in Westminster, London
* Theatre Royal Haymarket, theatre in London
* Haymarket, Newcastle, area in Newcastle upon Tyne
** Haymarket bus station, Newcastle upon Tyne, bus station in Newcastle upon Tyne
** Haymarket Metro station, Metro station in Newcastle upon Tyne
* Haymarket, Edinburgh, area of Edinburgh
** Haymarket railway station, railway station in Edinburgh
* Haymarket Shopping Centre, shopping centre in Leicester
* Leicester Haymarket Theatre, theatre in Leicester
* Haymarket bus station, Leicester, the main bus station for Leicester

### United States

* Haymarket, Virginia, town in Prince William County, Virginia
* Haymarket Square (Boston), a city square in Boston, Massachusetts
** Haymarket - Boston, an open-air market several blocks from the historic square
** Haymarket (MBTA station), a metro station in Boston
** Haymarket Theatre, theatre in Boston
* Haymarket Square (Chicago), a commercial area in Chicago, Illinois
* Haymarket (Louisville), former outdoor farmer's market in Louisville, Kentucky
* Haymarket District (Lincoln, Nebraska), historic area in Lincoln, Nebraska

## Others

* Haymarket affair, 1886 incident at Haymarket Square in Chicago, Illinois
* Haymarket Books, non-profit publisher of left-wing literature in the United States
* Haymarket Media Group, a global media company
# List of ambassadors of China to Equatorial Guinea

The Ambassador of China to Equatorial Guinea is the official representative of the People's Republic of China to the Republic of Equatorial Guinea.

## List of representatives

| Designated/accredited | Ambassador | Chinese language zh:中国驻赤道几内亚大使列表 | Observations | Premier of the People's Republic of China | List of presidents of Equatorial Guinea | Term end |
| February 1971 | Chen Tan | zh:陈坦 | | Zhou Enlai | Francisco Macías Nguema | May 1974 |
| August 1974 | Hu Jingrui | zh:胡景瑞 | * From January 1984 to May 1987 he was ambassador to Guinea-Bissau. | Zhou Enlai | Francisco Macías Nguema | October 1979 |
| February 1980 | Lin Song | zh:林松 (外交官) | | Zhao Ziyang | Teodoro Obiang Nguema Mbasogo | October 1983 |
| July 1984 | Liu Fangpu | zh:刘芳圃 | | Zhao Ziyang | Teodoro Obiang Nguema Mbasogo | December 1986 |
| March 1987 | Dai Shiqi | zh:戴诗琪 | | Li Peng | Teodoro Obiang Nguema Mbasogo | July 1990 |
| March 1990 | Wang Yongcheng | zh:王永成 (中國) | | Li Peng | Teodoro Obiang Nguema Mbasogo | November 1993 |
| March 1994 | Xu Shaohai | zh:徐绍海 | | Li Peng | Teodoro Obiang Nguema Mbasogo | June 1997 |
| August 1997 | Chen Huailong | zh:陈怀龙 | | Li Peng | Teodoro Obiang Nguema Mbasogo | November 2000 |
| December 2000 | Xu Changcai | zh:许昌财 | | Zhu Rongji | Teodoro Obiang Nguema Mbasogo | August 2003 |
| August 2003 | Wang Xiaoyuan | zh:汪晓源 | (*December 1954) From March 2006 to November 2007, he was an ambassador in Montevideo (Uruguay). From August 2007 to February 2010 he was an ambassador in San José, Costa Rica. From September 2011 to December 2015 he was ambassador in Bogota (Colombia) | Wen Jiabao | Teodoro Obiang Nguema Mbasogo | January 2006 |
| February 2006 | Li Zhongliang | zh:李仲良 | *From November 2007 to October 2010 he was an ambassador in Montevideo (Uruguay). | Wen Jiabao | Teodoro Obiang Nguema Mbasogo | November 2007 |
| December 2007 | Yan Xiaomin | zh:严小敏 | | Wen Jiabao | Teodoro Obiang Nguema Mbasogo | July 2010 |
| July 2010 | Wang Shixiong | zh:王士雄 (外交官) | * Since April 2013 he in ambassador in Quito (Ecuador). | Wen Jiabao | Teodoro Obiang Nguema Mbasogo | April 2013 |
| April 2013 | Zhao Hongsheng | 赵宏声 | | Li Keqiang | Teodoro Obiang Nguema Mbasogo | March 2023 |
3°45′11″N 8°46′17″E﻿ / ﻿3.753178°N 8.771349°E﻿ / 3.753178; 8.771349
# Armorique Formation

The Armorique Formation is a geologic formation in France. It preserves fossils dating back to the Devonian period.
# Sadiq Ali Memon

Sadiq Ali Memon (Urdu: صادق علی میمن) is a Pakistani politician from Thatta who has been a member of the National Assembly of Pakistan since February 2024. He was also a member of the Provincial Assembly of Sindh from 2010 to 2012 and a Minister from 2011 to 2012. He was elected to the National Assembly seat in 2013 general elections from NA-237 (NA-232 now) but was disqualified for being a dual national. He served as a Special Assistant to the Chief Minister of Sindh for Department of Empowerment of Persons with Disabilities (DEPD) from August 2021 to August 2023.
He is a graduate of the Oklahoma State University.

## Political career

He was elected to the Provincial Assembly of Sindh as a candidate of Pakistan People's Party (PPP) from PS-86 in a 2010 by-election. He resigned from the Assembly on 30 November 2012.
He was elected to the National Assembly of Pakistan as a candidate of PPP from NA-237 (Thatta-I) in 2013 Pakistani general election. He was unseated as he was disqualified to continue in office because of his Canadian nationality.
He was re-elected to the National Assembly as a candidate of PPP from NA-225 Thatta in the 2024 Pakistani general election. He received 140,773 votes and defeated Rasool Bux Jakhro a candidate of Pakistan Muslim League (N) (PML(N)).
# Electoral Integrity Project

The Electoral Integrity Project is a project based at Royal Military College of Canada and the University of East Anglia, England, which publishes rankings by country according to the project's view of its electoral integrity. It also organises international conferences and workshops. The 2021 Electoral Integrity Global Report, covered 480 elections in 169 countries from mid 2012 to the end of 2021. It was directed by Holly Ann Garnett and Toby S. James. It was founded in 2012 by Pippa Norris and initially housed at Harvard University and the University of Sydney.

## Findings

One of the project's International Advisory Board, Andrew Reynolds, a political science professor at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, noted in the Raleigh-based The News & Observer that his home state's 2016 election integrity score was similar to Cuba, Indonesia and Sierra Leone. The study ranked integrity of the state's congressional districts lowest in the nation just below similar outlier Wisconsin.

## Reception

Kaila White of The Arizona Republic described the methodology as being widely trusted and used to compare electoral performance around the world.
The project received media attention in 2016 when it ranked the United States last among Western nations. An editorial in The Wall Street Journal ridiculed the study, noting that "Democracy in New York (which scored a 61) and Virginia (60) is supposedly more imperiled than in Rwanda (64), though Rwanda is controlled by an autocrat. The worst-performing state, Arizona (53), is outranked by Kuwait (55), Ivory Coast (59) and Kyrgyzstan (54)." Dylan Matthews writing in Vox agreed that "it seems foolish to infer from that that the US is less of a democracy than Rwanda" but felt that the EIP had highlighted important issues such as gerrymandering and voter registration laws.
Statistician Andrew Gelman critiqued the index as seeming like "an unstable combination of political ideology, academic self-promotion, credulous journalism, and plain old incompetence", noting among other things that the EIP's 2014 data release has previously given the North Korean parliamentary election an 'electoral integrity' score of 65.3 and Cuba 65.6, higher than elections in EU members Romania and Bulgaria. Norris replied to Gelman noting that her team had subsequently dropped the North Korean election from the dataset. Gelman, however, questioned her justification for this removal and continued to question the EIP's methodology more generally.
# Max Watson

Max Watson (born 3 February 1996) is a Swedish footballer who plays as a centre-back for IFK Norrköping.

## Club career

On 11 January 2022, Watson signed a contract with Slovenian PrvaLiga side Maribor until 2024, on a free transfer.

## International career

In 2013, Watson made three appearances for the Swedish under-19 team.

## Personal life

Watson played handball in his youth, but later opted for football. He is of English descent, as his father moved from England to Sweden at the age of 18.
# West Lynn

West Lynn may refer to:
* West Lynn, Norfolk, part of King's Lynn, Norfolk, England
* West Lynn, Massachusetts
* West Lynn Township, McLeod County, Minnesota
# Ludington State Park

Ludington State Park is a public recreation area located two miles north of Ludington, Michigan, occupying 4,800 acres (1,900 ha) between the shores of Lake Michigan and Hamlin Lake. The state park is crossed by a one-mile stretch of the Big Sable River and is home to the 112-foot-high (34 m) Big Sable Point Lighthouse, which dates from 1876.

## Ecology

The state park encompasses multiple ecosystems including sand dune, forest, wetlands, and marshlands. The park contains the southern 2,820 acres (11.4 km$^2$) of the Big Sable Dunes complex, with the Nordhouse Dunes Wilderness, immediately north of the park, preserving the northern half of the complex.

## History

The park began through the efforts of the Isaac Walton League to have 800 acres held by the federal government as a lighthouse preserve transferred to the state of Michigan for the purpose of creating a state park. The park was established in 1927 after the U.S. Congress authorized the transfer. During the 1930s, the Civilian Conservation Corps was active in the park making improvements that included building the park's Arts and Crafts style beach house. In 2002, the U.S. Coast Guard deeded the 57.5-acre (23.3 ha) lighthouse station complex to the Michigan Department of Natural Resources.

## Activities and amenities

The park's water activities include fishing and swimming on Lake Michigan and Hamlin Lake and tubing on Big Sable River. The park offers 21.5 miles of hiking trails, 10 miles of cross-country ski trails, a 2-mile bicycle trail, and a 4-mile canoe trail. The park has four campgrounds containing a total of 360 campsites that include remote hike-in sites. The park also offers a cafe and lighthouse tours and is a stop on the Mason County Sculpture Trail.