OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Thomas Clifford (footballer)

Thomas Clifford (14 August 1874 – 19 January 1917) was a Scottish professional footballer who played as a centre half in the Football League for Glossop. He also played in the Scottish League for Motherwell and Ayr.

## Personal life

Clifford served as a private in the Royal Scots Fusiliers during the First World War and was killed in France on 19 January 1917. He is commemorated on the Thiepval Memorial.

## Career statistics

Appearances and goals by club, season and competition :
| Club | Season | League | League | League | National Cup | National Cup | Total | Total |
| Club | Season | Division | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals |
| Ayr | 1897–98 | Scottish League Second Division | 10 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 10 | 4 |
| Luton Town | 1900–01 | Southern League First Division | 23 | 0 | 4 | 0 | 27 | 0 |
| Motherwell | 1904–05 | Scottish League First Division | 16 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 18 | 1 |
| Career total | Career total | Career total | 49 | 5 | 6 | 0 | 55 | 5 |
# Spire (disambiguation)

A spire is a tapering conical or pyramidal structure on the top of a building.
Spire may also refer to:

## Places
### Geography

* Spire, French name of the German city Speyer
* The Spire (Graham Land), a rock pinnacle in Antarctica
* The Spire (Rampart Ridge), a rock pinnacle in Antarctica
* Spire Peaks, a mountain in Canada
* Spire Point, a mountain in Washington state

### Buildings and structures

* Spire (Seattle building), residential skyscraper, Washington, US
* Chicago Spire, a cancelled skyscraper in Chicago, US
* Spire of Dublin, a sculpture in Dublin
* Spire London, a planned building near Canary Wharf

## Arts, entertainment, and media
### Comics

* Spire Christian Comics
* The Spire (comics), 2015

### Other uses in arts, entertainment, and media

* Spire (social networking service)
* A fictional character in the video game Metroid Prime Hunters
* A Spire for Mansfield or A-Spire, a sculpture in Mansfield, Nottinghamshire, England
* A fictional world in the video game Myst IV: Revelation
* Spire FM, a UK radio station
* The Spire, a 1964 novel by William Golding
* Spire: The City Must Fall, a 2018 fantasy role-playing game

## Brands and enterprises

* Spire Credit Union, Minnesota, US
* Spire Global, a data company
* Spire Healthcare, UK
* Spire Inc, St. Louis, Missouri, US

## Science and technology

* Spire (mollusc), part of the shell
* Spire (synthesizer), a software synthesizer developed by Reveal Sound
* SPIRE, the export control system used by the UK government
* Spire Elite in InterContinental Hotels Group loyalty program
* Spectral and Photometric Imaging Receiver, part of the Herschel Space Observatory
* Systematic Protein Investigative Research Environment, a mass spectrometry analysis site
* University College Dublin's School Of Politics and International Relations

## Sports

* SPIRE Institute, Geneva, Ohio; a United States Olympic Training Center
# Naam (disambiguation)

Naam may refer to:
* Nāma, term for "name" in Sanskrit and Indic languages
** Nāmakaraṇa, Hindu naming ceremony
* Naam (1953 film), a 1953 Indian film
* Naam (1986 film), a 1986 Indian Hindi-language film, starring Sanjay Dutt, Kumar Gaurav and Nutan
* Naam (2003 film), a 2003 Indian film
* Naam (2018 film), a 2018 Indian film
* Naam (2024 film), a 2024 Indian film
* "Naam", a 2020 single by Tulsi Kumar and Millind Gaba
* Northwest African American Museum in Seattle, Washington, USA
* NAAM (alliance), an alliance in Illyriad which stands for Non-Aligned-Alliance-Movement.
* NAAm, the synthetic auxin 1-Naphthaleneacetamide
# Empis chioptera

Empis chioptera is a species of fly in the family Empididae. It is included in the subgenus Empis. It is found in the Palearctic.
# Cahuinari River

Cahuinari River (Spanish pronunciation:) is a river of Colombia. It is part of the Amazon River basin.
# 2011 Medford pharmacy shooting

On June 19, 2011, four people were killed at Haven Drugs, a pharmacy in Medford, New York, during a robbery. The perpetrator, David Laffer, committed the shooting after he had lost his job, and was, with his wife, addicted to opioids. Laffer was sentenced to life without parole, and his wife was sentenced to 25 years in prison.
A doctor who had previously sold Laffer drugs, and was discovered in the aftermath to have been running a pill mill that led to the overdose deaths of several people, was sentenced to up to 20 years in prison.

## Background

Laffer and his wife both had an opioid addiction. Laffer and his wife were caught on security camera visiting an illegal pharmacy, later described as a "pill mill", the week before the shootings. The man operating the clinic, Stan Xuhui Li, had previously sold him drugs.

## Shooting

After striking a conversation in the pharmacy with employers Raymond Ferguson and Jennifer Mejia, David Laffer then pulled out his firearm, and shot and killed both of them. He then murdered two customers, Bryon Sheffield and Jamie Taccetta. A .45 caliber handgun was used in the shooting.
He then stole a bag's worth of painkillers, wiped the counter, and fled. He stole over 11,000 hydrocodone pills. His wife was outside in a getaway car.
He fired 7 shots during the shooting, 3 hit the pharmacist, 2 hit his assistant, and each customer was shot one time each.

## Aftermath

Laffer was arrested on June 22. The next day, he was booked in court, and pled not guilty. According to Laffer, the motivation for the robbery/murders was because he had lost his job and his wife needed painkillers.
On November 10, Laffer was sentenced to life without parole. His wife was sentenced to 25 years on robbery charges, the maximum sentence allowed. During the trial, the judge described him as someone with "unnatural viciousness", and promised that he would have Laffer placed in solitary confinement for the rest of his life: corrections officials pointed out only they had the ability to decide this. Dr. Li, the operator of the illegal pharmacy, was later sentenced to up to 20 years in prison in December 2014, for selling illegal prescriptions to Laffer and manslaughter, as two of his patients had overdosed.
# Devils Racecourse Formation

The Devils Racecourse Formation is a geologic formation in Jamaica. The limestones of the formation preserve rudist, bivalve, coral, foraminifera and algae fossils dating back to the Hauterivian stage of the Cretaceous period.
# Technological University, Hinthada

The Technological University (Hinthada) in Myanmar started as Technical High School (T.H.S) on August 1, 1977. It was located in the south part of Tar Ngar Sge Quarter, Hinthada Township, Hinthada District, Ayeyarwady Division. It was again up to Government Technological College (G.T.C). The College was moved to the present University on April 21, 2003.
During the academic year of 2015/2016, the total numbers of students attending at TU (Hinthata) are 1,500. According to the current classroom situations, there are enough rooms for the total numbers of students.

## Departments

* Department of Civil engineering
* Department of Electronic and communication
* Department of Electrical power
* Department of Mechanical engineering
* Academic Department

## Degrees offered

* Bachelor of Engineering
* Bachelor of Technology
* Associateship of Government Technical Institute

## Courses

   * Civil Engineering
   * Electronic and Communication Engineering
   * Electrical Power Engineering
   * Mechanical Engineering
# Michael McAvoy

Michael McAvoy (1871–1950) was a Scottish footballer who played as a left half, featuring for Darwen in England's Football League (making the move south along with Robert Maxwell), then for St Mirren and Abercorn in the Scottish Football League. He made over 300 appearances for St Mirren over 13 years with the Paisley club, including the 1908 Scottish Cup Final, a defeat at the hands of Celtic – after four losses at the semi-final stage of the competition in previous years.
# Empis concolor

Empis concolor is a species of fly in the family Empididae. It is included in the subgenus Xanthempis. It is found in the Palearctic.
# Joe Lovodua

Josaia Naulumatua "Joe" Lovodua (born 18 March 1998) is a Fijian professional rugby league footballer who plays for Doncaster RLFC in the RFL Championship. He primarily plays as a utility. He has represented the Fijian national team, most notably at the 2017 Rugby League World Cup.

## Early life

Lovodua was born in Lautoka, Fiji.
He played junior rugby league for Hurstville United.

## Playing career
### St. George Illawarra Dragons

Lovodua began playing for the St. George Illawarra Dragons in the 2017 Holden Cup. In 2018 and 2019 he played in the Canterbury Cup NSW for the Dragons.

### South Sydney Rabbitohs

In 2021, he joined South Sydney's NSW Cup team. Lovodua joined Hull F.C. on a one-year contract for 2022.

### Hull FC

He played 25 games with Hull F.C. in the 2022 Super League season as the club finished 9th. Lovodua played 19 matches for Hull F.C. for in the Super League XXVIII season as the club finished 10th on the table.

### Doncaster RLFC

On 20 November 2023, it was reported that he had signed for Doncaster RLFC in the RFL Championship on a two-year deal.

### International

He was selected to represent Fiji in the 2017 Rugby League World Cup.
# Hiromi Matsuura

Hiromi Matsuura (松浦ひろみ, Matsūra Hiromi) is a Japanese singer-songwriter.

## Music career

Matsuura made her musical debut in September 2005 under the stage name Hiromi Matsuura with the single "Cruel", produced by Joplin Tokuno of Kome Kome Club. Her first release charted at number 3 on the Japanese Singles Chart.
In April 2006, she released her second single, "Save Me"', which was taken up as the theme song of the PS2 game Mitsu x Mitsu Drops. In October 2006, she released her first album, Romantic Fantagic. The album met with a great deal of commercial success, with four of the tracks being used in television commercials. She then started to make appearances as a radio and Internet personality.
Unable to deal with stress brought about by commercial success, she gave up her Internet presence in September 2007. While her third single, "Happy Life",' was picked up by Misawa Homes for a television commercial, she took a break from the entertainment industry for several months, not resurfacing until March 2008, when she started to change her image to a more sexually explicit one. In October 2008, Hiromi made her first acting appearance in a nude video, Hiromi Matsuura: Singer-songwriter in Explicit Debut (現役シンガーソングライター松浦ひろみ 限界露出デビュー), which was followed in the next few months by some other gravure videos.
In April 2009, she published a second album, Angel Virgin. In conjunction with this for promotional purposes she appeared in the AV movie Singer Active Shock Debut! And Immediately Retire! (現役シンガー衝撃デビュー!そして即引退!) by Idea Pocket, creating a scandal as she embarked on a 12-stop nationwide singing tour to promote her album.

## Discography

* Romantic Fantagic (October 25, 2006)
* Angel Virgin (April 22, 2009)
# Dzhulfa Formation

The Dzhulfa Formation is a geologic formation in Armenia and Azerbaijan. It preserves fossils dated to the Wuchiapingian age of the Permian period.
# Computer University, Meiktila

University Of Computer Studies, Meiktila, commonly known as UCSMTLA, has been producing the graduates in computer sciences and technology majors called CS and CT. UCSMTLA is located in Meiktila (sometimes called Meikhtila), Mandalay Division, Myanmar.

## History

In October 2001, UCS-Mtla was established as government Computer College (GCC). In January 2007, it has been promoted from GCC to University of Computer Studies (Meiktila).

## Rule

The students who gets over 400 marks (may be little different for each year) in total of matriculation exams are allowed to attend this university. The students have to wear the uniform in the colour of white and greenish blue. The students can take either computer science or technology majors depending on their preferences. Only the students who have over 75% of total attendance of current academic year are allowed to take their corresponding exam.

## Programs

Computer University, Meiktila offers five-year bachelor's degree programs in computer science and computer technology. The school's language of instruction is English.
| Program | Bachelor's |
| Computer Science | B.C.Sc. |
| Computer Technology | B.C.Tech. |
http://www.ucsmtla.edu.mm

## http://www.ucsmtla.edu.mm

* This article about a tertiary education institute in Myanmar is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
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* t
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# Jack Pray

John Pray (17 March 1872 – 1948) was a footballer who played in the English Football League for Bury. He spent his early career with hometown club Falkirk and had short spells at Scottish Football League clubs Rangers and St Bernard's either side of his six seasons in England with Bury, during which he won the FA Cup in 1900.
# Naked sand darter

The naked sand darter (Ammocrypta beanii) is a species of freshwater ray-finned fish, a darter from the subfamily Etheostomatinae, part of the family Percidae, which also contains the perches, ruffes and pikeperches. It is found in the south-eastern United States.

## Description

The naked sand darter is a small fish ranging in size from 40 to 50 mm (1.6 to 2.0 in) long, the maximum being around 64 mm (2.5 in). Being a long thin darter, it is devoid of scales with the exception of a few rows above and below the lateral line and sometimes the caudal peduncle. Slightly transparent in life with a yellow color and iridescent operculum, the naked sand darter blends in with its habitat. It has darker bands in the dorsal, anal, and caudal fins with a whitish base and tip. Males of breeding size with have a dark spot at the front of the dorsal fin. Unlike similar darters, it does not have an opercular spine.

## Diet

Larvae of small fish are the primary source of food for naked sand darters. They also feed on smaller crustaceans like copepods or clam larvae depending on their size. Naked sand darters feed continuously throughout the day, but stop at night. They also feed less in winter and summer months then pick back up before and after breeding season.

## Habitat

Naked sand darters prefer the sandy bottoms of clean, freshwater rivers and streams. They can be found about 1 m deep on the bottom, digging into the sand to wait for prey to swim by.

## Distribution

They can be found exclusively along the Gulf of Mexico in the rivers and drainages of eastern Louisiana to as far east as the Mobile Bay drainage in Alabama. Naked sand darters have been found as far north as West Tennessee.

## Reproduction and lifecycle

Breeding season is from March or April until September or October when water temperatures are between 17 and 29 °C (63 and 84 °F). Males develop tubercles on their anal and pelvic fins to aid in fighting for females. Females can produce from 12–122 eggs at a time and reach sexual maturity after a year. They only live 24 to 30 months.

## Taxonomy and etymology

The naked sand darter was first formally described in 1877 by the American ichthyologist David Starr Jordan (1851–1931) with the type locality given as the Natalbany River, near Tickfaw, Louisiana. It is the type species of the genus Ammocrypta, which Jordan also originally described. The genus name, Ammocrypta, comes from the Greek word ammos meaning sand and the Greek kryptos meaning hidden. The specific name, beanii, comes from the first collector of the species, Tarleton H. Bean (1846–1915).
# SS Charles Henderson

SS Charles Henderson was a Liberty ship constructed during World War II. It was destroyed in an ammunition explosion on April 9, 1945.

## Namesake

One source states that the vessel was named after Charles Richmond Henderson (1848–1915), a Baptist clergyman and sociologist. Another source claims that it was named in honour of Charles Henderson, the Governor of Alabama.

## Service

The vessel was operated by the Mississippi Shipping Company, based in New Orleans, on behalf of the War Shipping Administration, starting from 1943.
On 21 January 1944, the Charles Henderson collided with the coastal tanker MV Plattsburgh Socony near Cape Henlopen, Delaware. The collision resulted in a fire on the tanker. "Fourth Naval District officers said one of the ships burst into flames after the collision and was abandoned an hour later." One seaman was reported missing, and four others suffered burns. "A navy picket boat drew alongside the burning tanker – and 'stayed despite the danger of the ship exploding at any moment' – to rescue four crewmen marooned on the bow. Other survivors escaped in a lifeboat."
Loading in June 1944, the Charles Henderson was one of many vessels at Normandy for the invasion of Europe.
The ship sailed from New York City on 25 February 1945, bound for Norfolk, Virginia. There it loaded 6,675 tons of aircraft bombs in its holds. With loading complete, it steamed for Bari, Italy on 9 March, but returned the same day to repair its condenser's main induction valve. The ship waited five days for the next Mediterranean-bound convoy, UGS-80. Upon arriving at Gibraltar, the Charles Henderson proceeded independently to Bari, via Augusta, Sicily, arriving 5 April.

## Fate

In one of the largest ammunition disasters of World War II, the Charles Henderson was being unloaded at berth 14 at Bari, in Southern Italy, on 9 April 1945, when she was destroyed in a high order explosion. "This detonation caused by [handling] 500 pound [230 kg] bombs loaded with Composition B, killed 542 and injured 1,800. It is believed the bombs were hooked and dragged to the well, then lifted without mats. The crew may have hurried because the contract paid by number of items lifted. Buildings along the waterfront were destroyed for 2,000 feet [610 m]. Ships were severely damaged to 2,100 feet [640 m]."
Thirty-nine crew and 13 Armed Guard were killed in the explosion. The only survivor was the chief engineer, who was ashore at the time of the blast. The wreck remained in Bari until 1948, when it was sold for scrap.
# Empis cuneipennis

Empis cuneipennis is a species of fly in the family Empididae. It is included in the subgenus Lissempis of the genus Empis. It is found in the Palearctic.
# Serum amyloid A

Serum amyloid A (SAA) proteins are a family of apolipoproteins associated with high-density lipoprotein (HDL) in plasma. Different isoforms of SAA are expressed constitutively (constitutive SAAs) at different levels or in response to inflammatory stimuli (acute phase SAAs). These proteins are produced predominantly by the liver.

## Acute-phase serum amyloid A proteins

Acute-phase serum amyloid A proteins (A-SAAs) are secreted during the acute phase of inflammation. These proteins have several roles, including the transport of cholesterol to the liver for secretion into the bile, the recruitment of immune cells to inflammatory sites, and the induction of enzymes that degrade extracellular matrix. A-SAAs are implicated in several chronic inflammatory diseases, such as amyloidosis, atherosclerosis, and rheumatoid arthritis. Three acute-phase SAA isoforms have been reported in mice, called SAA1, SAA2, and SAA3. During inflammation, SAA1 and SAA2 are expressed and induced principally in the liver, whereas SAA3 is induced in many distinct tissues. SAA1 and SAA2 genes are regulated in liver cells by the proinflammatory cytokines IL-1, IL-6, and TNF-α. Both SAA1 and SAA2 are induced up to a 1000-fold in mice under acute inflammatory conditions following exposure to bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Three A-SAA genes have also been identified in humans, although the third gene, SAA3, is believed to represent a pseudogene that does not generate messenger RNA or protein. Molecular weights of the human proteins are estimated at 11.7 kDa for SAA1 and 14.8 kDa for SAA4.
Serum amyloid A (SAA) is also an acute phase marker that responds rapidly. Similar to CRP, levels of acute-phase SAA increase within hours after inflammatory stimulus, and the magnitude of increase may be greater than that of CRP. Relatively trivial inflammatory stimuli can lead to SAA responses. It has been suggested that SAA levels correlate better with disease activity in early inflammatory joint disease than do ESR and CRP. Although largely produced by hepatocytes, more recent studies show that SAA is produced by adipocytes as well, and its serum concentration is associated with body mass index.

## Constitutive serum amyloid A proteins

A fourth SAA (SAA4) was identified in humans and is expressed constitutively in the liver and, thus, is defined as a constitutive SAA (C-SAA). A similar protein that is now also called SAA4 has since been identified in the mouse; it had originally been designated SAA5.
# Tenoa

Tenoa is a genus of moths belonging to the subfamily Tortricinae of the family Tortricidae. Its only species is Tenoa curicoana. It is found in Chile.
# Sobrália

Sobrália is a municipality in Brazil in the state of Minas Gerais. Its population in 2020 was estimated to be 5,514 inhabitants. The name Sobrália came from a local Native American tribe referring to the flowers called sobralia.
This city is where former UFC Light Heavyweight Champion Glover Teixeira was born.
It is also the ancestral home of Danbury, Connecticut City Councilman Farley Santos whose maternal Grandfather, Miguel Pereira Santiago was the first Mayor of Sobralia. His paternal Grandfather, Geraldo Jose “Duquinha” Viana was also a 2 term Mayor of Sobralia.

## History

The first settlers arrived in the beginning of the 20th century. The city was incorporated as a district of Tarumirim on December 31, 1943, by state law no. 1058. It became a municipality on December 30, 1962, by the signing of state law no. 2764.
# Jimmy Simpson (footballer, born 1873)

James Simpson (born 2 April 1873) was a Scottish footballer who played as a right half.

## Career

Born in Ardrossan, Simpson played club football for Saltcoats Victoria and Third Lanark, and made three appearances for Scotland in 1895.
# Empis curvipes

Empis curvipes is a species of fly in the family Empididae. It is included in the subgenus Polyblepharis. It is found in the Palearctic.
# George Sotter

George W. Sotter (1879 – 1953) was an American painter best known for Impressionist-style works. He was born and raised in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania but eventually made his name in Philadelphia. He is also known for his work in stained glass, some of which are still installed in numerous churches. In the August 5, 2006 episode of Antiques Roadshow on PBS, filmed in Philadelphia, a Sotter oil painting was appraised at $120,000 to $180,000, much to the delight of its visibly stunned owner. Sotter studied art at the Pennsylvania Academy with artist and teacher Edward Redfield, 1869–1965, member of the regional New Hope group. Later, Sotter became a member of the faculty at Carnegie Mellon University, 1910–1919.