OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Meat tenderness

Tenderness is a quality of meat gauging how easily it is chewed or cut. Tenderness is a desirable quality, as tender meat is softer, easier to chew, and generally more palatable than harder meat. Consequently, tender cuts of meat typically command higher prices. The tenderness depends on a number of factors including the meat grain, the amount of connective tissue, and the amount of fat. Tenderness can be increased by a number of processing techniques, generally referred to as tenderizing or tenderization.

## Influencing factors

Tenderness is perhaps the most important of all factors impacting meat eating quality, with others being flavor, juiciness, and succulence.
Tenderness is a quality complex to obtain and gauge, and it depends on a number of factors. On the basic level, these factors are meat grain, the amount and composition of connective tissue, and the amount of fat. In order to obtain a tender meat, there is a complex interplay between the animal's pasture, age, species, breed, protein intake, calcium status, stress before and at killing, and how the meat is treated after slaughter.
Meat with the fat content deposited within the steak to create a marbled appearance has always been regarded as more tender than steaks where the fat is in a separate layer. Cooking causes melting of the fat, spreading it throughout the meat and increasing the tenderness of the final product.

## Testing

The meat industry strives to produce meat with standardized and guaranteed tenderness, since these characteristics are sought for by the consumers. For that purpose a number of objective tests of tenderness have been developed, gauging meat resistance to shear force, most commonly used being Slice Shear Force test and Warner–Bratzler Shear Force test.

## Tenderizing

Techniques for breaking down collagens in meat to make it more palatable and tender are referred to as tenderizing or tenderization.
There are a number of ways to tenderize meat:
* Mechanical tenderization, such as pounding or piercing.
* The tenderization that occurs through cooking, such as braising.
* Tenderizers in the form of naturally occurring enzymes known as proteases, which can be added to food before cooking.
** Examples of enzymes used for tenderizing: papain from papaya, trypsin and chymotrypsin from honey, bromelain from pineapple and actinidin from kiwifruit.
* Marinating the meat with vinegar, wine, lemon juice, buttermilk or yogurt.
* Brining the meat in a salt solution (brine).
* Dry aging of meat at 0 to 2 °C (32 to 36 °F).
* Velveting
* Sodium bicarbonate

### Research

Efforts have been made since at least 1970 to use explosives to tenderize meat and a company was founded to try to commercialize the process; as of 2011 it was not yet scalable.
# Fernando Fligman

Fernando Nahuel Fligman (Hebrew: פרננדו פליגמן; born 1 September 1983) is an Argentine-Israeli association football player who is currently with Atlético Concepción.

## Playing career

In 2004, Fligman signed a three-year contract with Maccabi Tel Aviv for $70,000 a year. Due to late registration, Maccabi could not register him as an Israeli player, even though he had immigrated under the terms of the Law of Return and is Jewish. Fligman made his league debut in a Premier League match between Maccabi Tel Aviv and Hapoel Be'er Sheva when he came on as a substitute in the 68th minute.

## Honours
### Club

* Hapoel Ashkelon (Official Tournaments)
** Liga Artzit: 2004–05

## Statistics

| Club performance | Club performance | Club performance | League | League | Cup | Cup | League Cup | League Cup | Continental | Continental | Total | Total |
| Season | Club | League | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals |
| Israel | Israel | Israel | League | League | Israel State Cup | Israel State Cup | Toto Cup | Toto Cup | Europe | Europe | Total | Total |
| 2004 | Maccabi Tel Aviv | Ligat ha'Al | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
| 2004–2005 | Hapoel Ashkelon | Liga Artzit | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Total | Israel | Israel | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Career total | Career total | Career total | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |

## Footnotes

* 1 2 Gozgal, Moshe (8 September 2004). מכבי ת"א: 12 אלף מנויים נמכרו; המשחק - בערוץ 5 [Maccabi TA: 12K Season Tickets Sold; Match On - Sport5]. Yedioth Ahronoth (in Hebrew). Retrieved 27 September 2009.
# Raymond Logan

Raymond Logan (born 20 September 1978) is a Scottish footballer who played for East Fife, Ayr United and Dumbarton.
Logan had a spell at Linlithgow Rose in 2000-2001.
# Youcef Saadi

Youcef Saadi (born October 3, 1987, in Tizi Ouzou, Algeria) is a football player who is currently playing as a forward for JS Kabylie in the Algerian league.

## Club career

* 2007-pres. JS Kabylie Algeria

## Honours

* Won the Algerian League once with JS Kabylie in 2008
# Central Pines Regional Council

The Central Pines Regional Council (formerly Triangle J Council of Governments) is one of the 17 regional North Carolina Councils of Governments (Region J) established by the North Carolina General Assembly for the purpose of regional planning and administration. Headquartered in Durham, North Carolina, it serves Moore, Lee, Chatham, Orange, Durham, Wake, and Johnston counties. In 2023, TJCOG underwent a rebranding and name change, and is now known as CPRC.

## History

The CPRC was originally established in 1959 by the Research Triangle Foundation as the Research Triangle Regional Planning Commission. The commission's original members were Durham, Orange and Wake counties, and the cities of Chapel Hill, Durham, and Raleigh.
When the North Carolina General Assembly established 18 regional planning councils in 1972, the Research Triangle Regional Planning Commission was reorganized as the planning council for Region J, which consisted of Durham, Orange, Wake, Chatham, Johnston and Lee counties. Moore County was added when the planning commission for Region H was abolished.

## Membership

The following county and municipal governments are members of the Triangle J Council of Governments:
* Chatham County
** Goldston
** Pittsboro
** Siler City
* Durham County
** Durham
* Johnston County
** Archer Lodge
** Benson
** Clayton
** Kenly
** Micro
** Pine Level
** Princeton
** Selma
** Smithfield
** Wilson's Mills
* Lee County
** Broadway
** Sanford
* Moore County
** Aberdeen
** Cameron
** Carthage
** Pinebluff
** Pinehurst
** Robbins
** Southern Pines
** Vass
** Whispering Pines
* Orange County
** Carrboro
** Chapel Hill
** Hillsborough
* Wake County
** Angier
** Apex
** Cary
** Fuquay-Varina
** Garner
** Holly Springs
** Knightdale
** Morrisville
** Raleigh
** Rolesville
** Wake Forest
** Wendell
** Zebulon
# Rohan Chapman-Davies

Rohan Chapman-Davies (born 4 September 1991) is an Australian freestyle skier. He competed in the 2018 Winter Olympics.
Chapman-Davies scored a 73.96 in his first qualification run at the Olympic Games at PyeongChang in 2018. Chapman-Davies scored a 67.94 in his second qualification run at the Olympic Games at PyeongChang. He finished his debut Olympic Games in 22nd place.

## Skiing career

In 2008, Chapman-Davies attending his first international meet, representing Australia in the North American Cup event held in Canada. He placed 42nd in the meet. He didn't try for that meet until 2015. This time, Chapman-Davies finishing 3rd, becoming the first Australian male to podium in the grand prix standings.
In 2014, Chapman-Davies won two silver medals and one bronze in both Australian and New Zealand Cup series. Unfortunately, those results weren't enough for him to qualify for the 2014 Winter Olympic Games in Sochi.
By the 2016/17 season, Chapman-Davies had an impressive season. He competed in the World Cup circuit, making two final appearances in Ruka, Finland and Val St Come, Canada, and placing 9th in Tazawako dual moguls in Japan. These results qualified him for his World Championship debut at Sierra Nevada 2017. He placed 15th in the singles mogul event. However, due to an unfortunate crash in the training at the 2017 World Championships, Chapman-Davies had to undergo shoulder reconstruction surgery in March that year.
During the off-season, he went through an intense rehabilitation program which helped him return to the World Cup circuit. He made before the pre-Olympic qualifications which were at the end of 2017, where he then qualified due to his performance at the Thaiwoo World Cup in December 2017, placing 13th.
# Johanna Hageman

Johanna Hageman [Hargraves] (December 17, 1918 – February 10, 1984) was a first base player and chaperone in All-American Girls Professional Baseball League between the 1943 and 1949 seasons. Listed at 5 ft 9 in (1.75 m), 155 lb., she batted and threw right-handed.
Born in Chicago, Illinois, Johanna Hageman was one of the sixty original members of the All-American Girls Professional Baseball League. The circuit operated from 1943 through 1954 and started with four teams: the Racine Belles and the Kenosha Comets, both from Wisconsin; the Rockford Peaches from Illinois, and the South Bend Blue Sox from Indiana. League play officially began on May 30, 1943 and each team was made up of fifteen girls.
In the inaugural season, Hageman was the best fielder at first base while playing for the Blue Sox. She compiled a .983 average, after committing only 21 errors in 1,178 fielding chances. She also hit .225 with a .319 on-base percentage and a .295 slugging in 108 games, ending third in the league for the most doubles (10), sixth in runs batted in (45) and tenth in hits (85).
In 1944, Hageman batted just .142 in a career-high 116 games, but kept her good defense at first with a .982 mark. The next season she was traded to Kenosha and slumped to .117 in 96 games, even though she posted a .983 fielding average. She went on to play four more seasons with Kenosha from 1946 through 1949.
Hageman died in Chicago, Illinois at the age of 65. Four years after her death, she became part of Women in Baseball, a permanent display at the Baseball Hall of Fame and Museum at Cooperstown, New York, which was unveiled in 1988 to honor the entire All-American Girls Professional Baseball League.

## Career statistics

Batting
| GP | AB | R | H | 2B | 3B | HR | RBI | SB | TB | BB | SO | BA | OBP | SLG |
| 320 | 1011 | 79 | 169 | 14 | 8 | 1 | 82 | 58 | 202 | 128 | 87 | .167 | .261 | .200 |
Fielding
| GP | PO | A | E | TC | DP | FA |
| 319 | 3220 | 94 | 59 | 3373 | 93 | .983 |
# 1990 Hawaii Rainbow Warriors football team

The 1990 Hawaii Rainbow Warriors football team represented the University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa in the Western Athletic Conference during the 1990 NCAA Division I-A football season. In their fourth season under head coach Bob Wagner, the Rainbow Warriors compiled a 7–5 record.

## Schedule

| Date | Opponent | Site | Result | Attendance |
| September 1 | No. 13 Texas A&M* | Aloha StadiumHalawa, HI | L 13–28 | 45,700 |
| September 8 | at Air Force | Falcon StadiumColorado Springs, CO (rivalry) | L 3–27 | 40,213 |
| September 22 | at Utah | Robert Rice StadiumSalt Lake City, UT | W 19–7 | 29,140 |
| October 6 | Maine* | Aloha StadiumHalawa, HI | W 44–3 | 41,264 |
| October 13 | at UTEP | Sun BowlEl Paso, TX | L 10–12 | 16,121 |
| October 20 | Cal State Fullerton* | Aloha StadiumHalawa, HI | W 45–21 | 37,712 |
| October 27 | Pacific (CA)* | Aloha StadiumHalawa, HI | W 35–24 | 39,941 |
| November 3 | New Mexico | Aloha StadiumHalawa, HI | W 43–16 | 38,626 |
| November 10 | at San Diego State | Jack Murphy StadiumSan Diego, CA | L 38–44 | 20,450 |
| November 17 | Wyoming | Aloha StadiumHalawa, HI (rivalry) | W 38–17 | 39,103 |
| November 24 | Colorado State | Aloha StadiumHalawa, HI | L 27–30 | 39,000 |
| December 1 | No. 4 BYU | Aloha StadiumHalawa, HI | W 59–28 | 49,695 |
| *Non-conference gameHomecomingRankings from AP Poll released prior to the game ||||||
# Robert Goldstone

Robert Goldstone is a Distinguished Professor of psychology and cognitive science at Indiana University in Bloomington, Indiana. His research interests include concept learning and representation, perceptual learning, collective behavior, and computational modeling of human cognition. He has developed and empirically tested neural network models that simultaneously learn new perceptual and conceptual representations, with the learned concepts both affecting and being affected by perception. He has also developed computational models of how groups of people compete for resources, cooperate to solve problems, exchange information and innovations, and form coalitions.

## Biography

Goldstone earned his PhD from the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor. He was awarded two American Psychological Association Young Investigator awards in 1995 for articles appearing in Journal of Experimental Psychology, the 1996 Chase Memorial Award for Outstanding Young Researcher in Cognitive Science, a 1997 James McKeen Cattell Sabbatical Award, the 2000 APA Distinguished Scientific Award for Early Career Contribution to Psychology in the area of Cognition and Human Learning, a 2004 Troland Research Award from the National Academy of Sciences, and the 2024 Howard Crosby Warren Medal for Outstanding Achievement in Experimental Psychology from the Society of Experimental Psychologists. He was the editor of Cognitive Science from 2001 to 2005, and associate editor of Psychonomic Bulletin & Review from 1998 to 2000. He was elected as a fellow of the Society of Experimental Psychologists in 2004, a fellow of Cognitive Science Society in 2006, and a fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences in 2016. He was Director of the Indiana University Cognitive Science Program from 2006 to 2011. Since 2020, he is the editor of Current Directions in Psychological Science.
He is married to the computer scientist, Katy Börner.
# Papoose on the Loose

Papoose on the Loose is a 1961 American animated short film produced by Walter Lantz.
It was created as part of the Cartune Theatrical Cartoon Series.

## Story

Papoose is bent on hunting. His father, the chief, tells him not to. Papoose does not listen, so the chief dresses himself in a bear costume to scare him out of the idea.
# J. C. Alawathuwala

J. C. Alawathuwalaa is a Sri Lankan politician and a member of the Sri Lankan parliament from Kurunegala Electoral District as a member of the Samagi Jana Balawegaya.
# Kheireddine Zarabi

Kheireddine "Kiko" Zarabi (born 18 July 1984) is an Algerian professional footballer who plays as a central defender.

## Club career

Born in Hussein Dey District, Algiers, Zarabi started his career at age 10 with IRB Ouargla. When he turned 13 his family returned to live in the capital, and he joined NA Hussein Dey first before leaving to RC Kouba two years later; he made his senior debut with the latter in 2002, remaining three seasons with the club.
In May 2005, Zarabi went on trial with French Ligue 2 side FC Lorient. However, nothing came of it, and he returned to his homeland where he successively represented ES Sétif and CR Belouizdad.
Zarabi signed a two-and-a-half-year contract with Finland's Turun Palloseura in late 2007. On 19 January 2009, he moved to Portugal where he would remain the following years, with C.F. Os Belenenses, Vitória de Setúbal, Leixões S.C. and F.C. Arouca, the first two teams in the Primeira Liga and the other in the second division.
In his second season with Arouca, Zarabi contributed 14 matches and two goals as the Aveiro District club reached the top flight for the first time in its history. A brief spell in the French Ligue 2 with Nîmes Olympique notwithstanding, he continued competing in the Portuguese second tier until his retirement, with C.F. União, S.C. Covilhã and C.D. Cova da Piedade.

## International career

During his time at Kouba, Zarabi was a regular member of the Algeria under-23 team and participated in various tournaments, most notably the 2005 Mediterranean Games.

## Personal life

Zarabi's father, Abdelaziz, was also a footballer and a full Algerian international. His older brother, Abderraouf, also a defender, also played with Hussein Dey and in Finland.
# Elías Molina

Elías Molina-Prados García-Navas (born 16 February 1982), simply known as Elías, is a Spanish former footballer. Mainly a defensive midfielder, he can also play as a central defender.

## Club career

Born in Herencia, Ciudad Real, Castilla-La Mancha, Elías joined Atlético Madrid's youth setup in 1995, aged 13. He made his senior debuts in the 2000–01 campaign with Atlético Aviación, the club's farm team.
In the 2001 summer Elías moved to CD Numancia in Segunda División. He played his first match as a professional on 26 August 2001, coming on as a second-half substitute in a 2–2 home draw against UD Salamanca.
After appearing in 23 matches in 2001–02, Elías was never utilized in the following season and moved to RCD Mallorca in January 2003, being assigned to the reserves in the third level. After a short loan stint at CD Logroñés, he moved to another reserve team, Albacete Balompié B in Tercera División.
On 26 February 2005 Elías made his first team – and La Liga – debut, starting in a 1–2 away loss against RCD Espanyol; it was his maiden appearance in the competition.
Elías resumed his career in the third and fourth levels in the following seasons, representing FC Cartagena, SD Ponferradina, Lorca Deportiva CF, UB Conquense, Burgos CF, Manzanares CF (two stints), CF Gimnástico Alcázar and CP Cacereño.

## International career

Elías played for Spain in all youth levels. He won the UEFA European Under-16 Football Championship in 1999, hosted in Czech Republic, and scored the last of a 4–1 routing against Poland in the tournament's final match.
Elías also appeared with the under-17's at the 1999 FIFA U-17 World Championship, hosted in New Zealand, and with the under-18's at the 2001 UEFA European Under-18 Championship.
# Mario Marín (footballer)

Mario Marín Soto (born 4 April 1991) is a Spanish footballer who plays for CD Plus Ultra as a right back.

## Club career

Born in Murcia, Marín was a product of Real Murcia's youth system. He made his professional debut on 20 June 2009, appearing in a 1–2 away loss against Córdoba CF in the Segunda División. In January 2010, he signed a three-and-a-half-year professional contract with his hometown club.
In the 2010–11 season, Marín contributed with 11 games as Murcia returned to the second level after one year, as champions. He continued to be sparingly played in the following two campaigns.
On 1 August 2013, Marín signed with Valencia CF Mestalla of the Segunda División B. On 30 July of the following year he moved to another reserve team, Atlético Madrid B also in the third level.
On 18 July 2015, Marín agreed to a three-year deal with Recreativo de Huelva, recently relegated to the third tier.
# Idan Baruch

Idan Baruch (Hebrew: עידן ברוך; born 11 January 1990 in Petah Tikva) is a former Israeli-Romanian football goalkeeper.
# Ignacio González (footballer, born 1991)

Ignacio González Espinoza (born 8 September 1991) is a Mexican footballer who currently plays for Correcaminos UAT.

## Career

González played for Monarcas Morelia affiliate Toros Neza from 2011 to 2012 before being loaned to UNAM in November 2012, after an unsuccessful stint he returned to Morelia for the Clausura 2014.

## Honours

* Supercopa MX: 2014
# Association of Christians in the Mathematical Sciences

The Association of Christians in the Mathematical Sciences (ACMS) is an organization of professional mathematicians and computer scientists that share Christian beliefs. The organization's goal is to foster community among Christian mathematicians and to explore the interplay between faith and mathematics. The organization has an online journal and hosts a worship service and banquet at the Joint Mathematics Meeting. It also sponsors a biennial conference.

## History

The ACMS began as an informal collection of mathematics educators interested in integrating their faith with their academic discipline. From 1976 to 1985, the group operated informally, holding its first conference in 1977. It was officially incorporated in 1985.
# First Saini ministry

The First Saini ministry was the council of ministers in the Indian state of Haryana headed by Nayab Singh Saini. The ministry was formed on 12 March 2024 and Saini along with five others took oaths of office. The first cabinet expansion took place on 19 March 2024 where 8 MLA's took oath as ministers out which one cabinet and seven minister of state. The ministry was dissolved on 17 October 2024 following the result of the 2024 Haryana Legislative Assembly election.
Gohana was announced to be 23rd district of Haryana by Chief minister Nayab Singh Saini.

## History

The ministry was formed on 12 March 2024 when Manohar Lal Khattar resigned after ending the coalition of BJP-JJP alliance (2019 - 2024). Governor Bandaru Dattatreya administered the oath of office and secrecy to the new leader of the Haryana Legislative Assembly and Lok Sabha member from Kurukshetra, Nayab Singh of the BJP and 5 other legislators at Raj Bhavan, Chandigarh.

### Government formation

Nayab Singh Saini formed the government with the support of six independent MLAs and one MLA from Haryana Lokhit Party.

## Cabinet Ministers

Source:
| Portfolio | Minister | Took office | Left office | Party |
| Chief Minister of Haryana Home Revenue and Disaster Management Excise and Taxation Youth Empowerment & Entrepreneurship Information, Public Relations, Language and Culture Foreign Cooperation Administration of Justice Mines & Geology General Administration Criminal Investigation (C.I.D) Personnel & Training Raj Bhawan Affairs Law and Legislative Any department not allotted to any other Minister. | Nayab Singh Saini | 12 March 2024 | 17 October 2024 | BJP |
| Agriculture and Farmer's Welfare Animal Husbandry & Dairying Fisheries Parliamentary Affairs Hospitality and Heritage & Tourism Department | Kanwar Pal | 12 March 2024 | 17 October 2024 | BJP |
| Industries & Commerce Labour Food Civil Supplies & Consumer Affairs Elections | Mool Chand Sharma | 12 March 2024 | 17 October 2024 | BJP |
| Finance, Institutional Finance and Credit Control Planning Town & Country Planning and Urban Estates Archives | Jai Parkash Dalal | 12 March 2024 | 17 October 2024 | BJP |
| Public Works Department Public Health Engineering Department Architecture | Banwari Lal | 12 March 2024 | 17 October 2024 | BJP |
| Power New and Renewable Energy Jail | Ranjit Singh Chautala | 12 March 2024 | 17 October 2024 | Independent politician |
| Health Medical Education Ayush Civil Aviation | Kamal Gupta | 19 March 2024 | 17 October 2024 | BJP |

## Ministers of state

| Minister | Took office | Left office | Party |
| Seema Trikha | 19 March 2024 | 17 October 2024 | BJP |
| Mahipal Dhanda | 19 March 2024 | 17 October 2024 | BJP |
| Aseem Goel | 19 March 2024 | 17 October 2024 | BJP |
| Abhe Singh Yadav | 19 March 2024 | 17 October 2024 | BJP |
| Subhash Sudha | 19 March 2024 | 17 October 2024 | BJP |
| Bishamber Singh | 19 March 2024 | 17 October 2024 | BJP |
| Sanjay Singh | 19 March 2024 | 17 October 2024 | BJP |
# Ryan Pearson (footballer)

Ryan Pearson (born 31 July 1989) is an Australian soccer player who plays for Sorrento FC. He joined the club on December 1, 2015. Pearson played the defender right-back position in the field.

## Club career

Pearson made his senior debut for Perth Glory on 3 October 2010, coming on as a substitute in the 73rd minute against the Brisbane Roar. Pearson joined the club on December 1, 2015, playing the defender right-back position in the field.
# Mario Ortiz (Spanish footballer)

Mario Ortiz Ruiz (born 24 March 1989) is a Spanish professional footballer who plays as a midfielder for Atlético Albericia.

## Honours

Albacete
* Segunda División B: 2013–14
Cultural Leonesa
* Segunda División B: 2016–17