OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Schloendorff v. Society of New York Hospital

Schloendorff v. Society of New York Hospital, 105 N.E. 92 (N.Y. 1914), was a decision issued by the New York Court of Appeals in 1914 which established principles of respondeat superior in United States law.

## Facts

In January 1908, Mary Schloendorff, also known as Mary Gamble—an elocutionist from San Francisco—was admitted to New York Hospital to evaluate and treat a stomach disorder. Some weeks into her stay at the hospital, the house physician diagnosed a fibroid tumor. The visiting physician recommended surgery, which Schloendorff adamantly declined. She consented to an examination under ether anesthesia. During the procedure, the doctors performed surgery to remove the tumor. Afterwards, Schloendorff developed gangrene in the left arm, ultimately leading to the amputation of some fingers. Schloendorff blamed the surgery, and filed suit.

## Judgment

The Court found that the operation to which the plaintiff did not consent constituted medical battery. Justice Benjamin Cardozo wrote in the Court's opinion:
   Every human being of adult years and sound mind has a right to determine what shall be done with his own body; and a surgeon who performs an operation without his patient's consent commits an assault for which he is liable in damages. This is true except in cases of emergency where the patient is unconscious and where it is necessary to operate before consent can be obtained.
Schloendorff, however, had sued the hospital itself, not the physicians. For this reason, the Court found that a non-profit hospital could not be held liable for the actions of its employees, analogizing to the principle of charitable immunity.

## Significance

The idea that a non-profit hospital could not be sued for actions of its employees became a principle that became known as the "Schloendorff rule." The Court would later reject the "Schloendorff rule" in the 1957 decision of Bing v. Thunig.
# Diligencia Formation

The Diligencia Formation (Td) is a geologic formation cropping out in the Orocopia Mountains in southern California. It preserves mammal fossils dating to the Late Oligocene to Early Miocene (Arikareean in the NALMA classification).

## Description

The non-marine Diligencia Formation, defined by Crowell in 1975, is composed of alluvial, fluvial, and lacustrine conglomerates, sandstones, siltstones and limestones. It contains interbedded basalt and andesite flows, dated by whole-rock and plagioclase K-Ar methods as ca. 24–21 Ma), and andesitic sills and dikes.

## Fossil content

The formation has provided the following fossils:

### Mammals

* Artiodactyls
** Merycoidodontidae
*** Merychyus cf. minimus
# Dorotea Formation

The Dorotea Formation is a geological formation in the Río de Las Chinas Valley of the Magallanes Basin in Patagonian Chile whose strata date back to the Campanian to Maastrichtian of the Late Cretaceous.

## Description

The Dorotea Formation was first described by Katz in 1963. The formation comprises sandstones with frequent conglomerate lenses, concretionary levels and claystones. The Dorotea Formation includes calcareous sandstones with abundant marine invertebrate and fragmentary vertebrate fossils. Hervé et al. (2004) obtained a maximum radiometric age of 67.4 ± 1.5 Ma from detrital zircons contained in sandstones of the Dorotea Formation.
The mudstones and sandstones of the formation were deposited in a fluvial environment. The formation conformably overlies the Tres Pasos Formation and is unconformably overlain by the Lutetian to Bartonian Man Aike Formation. The thickness of the formation ranges from 100 metres (330 ft) in the Sierra Baguales in the north to 350 metres (1,150 ft) in the eponymous Sierra Dorotea in the south.

## Fossil content

The following fossils were reported from the formation:

### Amphibians

Amphibians of Dorotea Formation :
| Taxa | Species | Material | Notes | Images |
| Anura | Indeterminate | | A frog | |

### Reptiles

Reptiles of Dorotea Formation :
| Taxa | Species |
| Aristonectinae | Indeterminate |
| Aristonectes | Aristonectes sp. |
| Yaminuechelys | cf. Yaminuechelys sp. |
| Panchelidae | Indeterminate |
| Elasmosauridae | Indeterminate |

### Dinosaurs

Dinosaurs of Dorotea Formation :
| Taxa | Species | Material | Notes |
| Enantiornithes | Indeterminate | | |
| Gonkoken | G. nanoi | Several incomplete specimens belonging to individuals of different ages | A hadrosauroid |
| Megaraptoridae | Indeterminate | | |
| Ornithischia | Indeterminate | | |
| Ornithurae | Indeterminate | | |
| Sauropoda | Indeterminate | | |
| Stegouros | S. elengassen | CPAP-3165 (holotype), a holotype consists of a relatively complete skeleton with a skull and lower jaws. | A parankylosaur |
| Unenlagiinae | Indeterminate | | |
| Theropoda | Indeterminate | | |

### Mammals

Mammals of Dorotea Formation :
| Taxa | Species | Notes |
| Magallanodon | M. baikashkenke | A gondwanathere |
| Orretherium | O. tzen | A mesungulatid mammal |
| Mammalia | Indeterminate | |

### Fish

Fish of Dorotea Formation :
| Taxa | Species |
| Ischyrhiza | I. chilensis |
| Carcharias | C. sp. |
| Serratolamna | Indeterminate |

### Invertebrates

Invertebrates of Dorotea Formation :
| Taxa | Species |
| Dorotheus | Dorotheus guidensis |
| Pterotrigonia | P. cazadoriana |
| Gunnarites | G. sp. |
| Pachydiscus | P. aff. gollevilensis |
# Langental Formation

The Langental Formation, also spelled as Langetal Formation, is a Late Eocene (Bartonian to Priabonian) geologic formation cropping out in the Sperrgebiet, ǁKaras Region of southwestern Namibia. The siltstones and sandstones of the formation were deposited in a shallow marine environment. The Langental Formation was deposited under hot and humid conditions. The formation overlies the Silica Beds unit and is overlain by the Blaubok Conglomerate. The Langental Formation provides many fossil invertebrates and fish.

## Fossil content

Among others, the following fossils are reported from the formation:

### Fish

* Alopecias smithwoodwardi
* Carcharias (Aprionodon) frequens
* Carcharias (Physodon) quartus
* Carcharodon hastalis
* Cestracion vincenti
* Chrysophrys blankenhorni
* Cylindracanthus cf. rectus
* Galeocerdo latidens
* Galeus porrectus, G. robustus
* Isurus desorii
* Labrodon stromeri
* Lamna barnitzkei, L. vincenti
* Myliobatis cf. dixoni
* Notidanus serratissimus
* Odontaspis contortidens, O. macrota, O. winkleri
* Odontorhytis pappenheimi
* Oxypristis ferinus
* Paranarrhichas damesi
* Pimelodus cf. gaudryi
* Rhinoptera rasilis
* Sphyraenodus hastatus
* Squatina prima
# List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Western Sahara

This is a list of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Western Sahara.
| Formation | Period |
| Samlat Formation | Priabonian |
| Aridal Formation | Bartonian |
| Frasnian Formation | Frasnian |
| Spanish Sahara Formation | Middle Devonian |
# Netscape Server Application Programming Interface

The Netscape Server Application Programming Interface (NSAPI) is an application programming interface for extending server software, typically web server software.

## History

NSAPI was initially developed by Rob McCool at Netscape for use in Netscape Enterprise Server. A variant of NSAPI can also be used with Netscape Directory Server.
Because there is no formal standard, applications that use NSAPI are not necessarily portable across server software. As of 2007, varying degrees of support for NSAPI are found in Sun Java System Web Server and Zeus Web Server.

## NSAPI plug-ins

Applications that use NSAPI are referred to as NSAPI plug-ins. Each plug-in implements one or more Server Application Functions (SAFs).
To use a SAF, an administrator must first configure the server to load the plug-in that implements that SAF. This is typically controlled by a configuration file named magnus.conf. Once the plug-in is loaded, the administrator can configure when the server should invoke the SAF and what parameters it should be passed. This is typically controlled by a configuration file named obj.conf.

## Comparison with related APIs and protocols

NSAPI can be compared to an earlier protocol named Common Gateway Interface (CGI). Like CGI, NSAPI provides a means of interfacing application software with a web server. Unlike CGI programs, NSAPI plug-ins run inside the server process. Because CGI programs run outside of the server process, CGI programs are generally slower than NSAPI plug-ins. However, running outside of the server process can improve server reliability by isolating potentially buggy applications from the server software and from each other.
In contrast to CGI programs, NSAPI SAFs can be configured to run at different stages of request processing. For example, while processing a single HTTP request, different NSAPI SAFs can be used to authenticate and authorize the remote user, map the requested URI to a local file system path, generate the web page, and log the request.
After Netscape introduced NSAPI, Microsoft developed ISAPI and the Apache Software Foundation developed Apache API (or ASAPI: Apache Server API). All three APIs have a number of similarities. For example: NSAPI, ISAPI and Apache API allow applications to run inside the server process. Further, all three allow applications to participate in the different stages of request processing. For example, Apache API hooks closely resemble those used in NSAPI.
# When It Comes to You

"When It Comes to You" is a song written by Mark Knopfler and recorded by British rock music band Dire Straits for their 1991 album On Every Street. It was covered by American country music artist John Anderson (with Knopfler on guitar) and released in April 1992 as the third single from his album Seminole Wind. Anderson's version peaked at number 3 on the Billboard Hot Country Singles & Tracks chart in the United States and number 2 on the RPM Country Tracks chart in Canada.

## Content

The song is about a faltering marriage told from the point of view of the husband, who feels that his wife gives him a hard time in regards to everything he does and is wishing the relationship ends, rather than continue his feelings of despair.

## Music video

The music video of Anderson's version was directed by Steve Boyle.

## Chart positions

| Chart (1992) | Peak position |
| Canada Country Tracks (RPM) | 2 |
| US Hot Country Songs (Billboard) | 3 |

### Year-end charts

| Chart (1992) | Position |
| Canada Country Tracks (RPM) | 28 |
| US Country Songs (Billboard) | 25 |
# Sanga do Cabral Formation

The Sanga do Cabral Formation is an Early Triassic sedimentary rock formation found in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.

## Description

This rock formation is located in the geopark of Paleorrota, and is located to the south of another geopark. The formation dates to 249 million years ago and belongs to the Lower Triassic.
The Sanga do Cabral Formation is correlated with the "impoverished zone" (Procolophon subzone) of the Lystrosaurus Assemblage Zone of the Karoo Basin of South Africa by some authors on the basis of the abundant records of Procolophon.

## Fossil content

Among others, the following fossils have been reported from the formation:
* Elessaurus gondwanoccidens
* Kwatisuchus rosai
* Procolophon trigoniceps
* Sangaia lavinai
* Teyujagua paradoxa
* Tomeia witecki
* Cynodontia indet.
* Plagiosterninae indet.
* Temnospondyli indet.

## Formations

* 1) Serra Geral Formation, Cretaceous
* 2) Botucatu Formation, Cretaceous
* 3) Guará Formation, Jurassic
* 4) Santa Maria Formation & Caturrita Formation, Triassic
* 5) Sanga do Cabral Formation, Triassic
* 6) Piramboia Formation, Permian
* 7) Itararé Group, Permian
# Antarctodolops

Antarctodolops is an extinct genus of polydolopimorphian metatherian similar to, but not closely related to, the living shrew opossums. It lived on Seymour Island, Antarctica in the Eocene. Two species, Antarctodolops dailyi and Antarctodolops mesetaense, have been found. These species were different sizes, with A. mesetaense being the larger.
# Siege of Gdov

The siege of Gdov was part of the Time of Troubles and an episode of the Ingrian War.

## Prelude

In 1613, the Swedes, who captured Novgorod, approached Gdov twice, but as a result of the sorties of the garrison and with the help of the Pskov, the siege was withdrawn. In July 1614, the Swedes managed to defeat the Russian army sent for the liberation of Novgorod in the Battle of Bronnitsy, after which they firmly captured the military initiative in the north-west of Russia.

## Siege

In August 1614, the main Swedish forces led by Evert Horn were concentrated at Gdov. On August 25, King Gustavus Adolphus also arrived. The defenders of Gdov managed to repel two attacks, in which the Swedes suffered serious losses. However, the situation of the besieged became increasingly critical. Swedish artillery and subversive mines systematically destroyed the fortress wall. When more than a quarter of it was destroyed, the garrison decided to agree to the surrender of the city with free departure to Pskov, where it subsequently took part in repulsing the Swedish siege.
# Band on the Wall (album)

Band on the Wall is a live album by pianist Marilyn Crispell and drummer Eddie Prévost. It was recorded at Band on the Wall in Manchester, England in May 1994, and was released later that year by Matchless Recordings.

## Reception

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
| The Penguin Guide to Jazz | |
In a review for AllMusic, Thom Jurek wrote: "Since Crispell was used to working with Gerry Hemingway, this set provides an amazing contrast for the pianist, in that everything in Prévost's elegant bag of tricks is very physical. Crispell is up for the spring, though... It's a tough hour, wearying and wiring by the end of it because there are precious few real breaks in the energetic pace. But it is rewarding, breathlessly so. In fact, it feels more like disbelief that they -- and you -- got through it with such satisfaction in your weariness."
The authors of the Penguin Guide to Jazz Recordings awarded the album 4 stars, and stated: "It's a fiery, sometimes almost violent performance in which ideas are run together with a challenging insouciance... Crispell has rarely sounded so thoroughly unfettered; oddly, perhaps, because Prévost is a highly disciplined drummer and one of the most swinging in a free idiom."

## Track listing

* "Opening Time" (Crispell/Prévost) – 6:49
* "Slow Chaser" (Crispell/Prévost) – 3:59
* "Fragments" (Crispell) – 2:48
* "Dogbolter" (Prévost) – 2:05
* "Apart (I)" (Crispell) – 2:33
* "As Our Tongues Lap Up The Burning Air" (Crispell) – 6:29
* "Old Thumper" (Prévost) – 1:08
* "Night Moves" (Crispell) – 12:11
* "Bishop's Finger" (Prévost) – 1:11
* "Irons" (Crispell/Prévost) – 3:47
* "Quiet Now" (Denny Zeitlin) – 3:37
* "Spitfire" (Prévost) – 3:42
* "Last Orders" (Crispell/Prévost) – 8:20

## Personnel

* Marilyn Crispell – piano
* Eddie Prévost – drums
# Abe Hawkins

Abe Hawkins, also known in later years as Uncle Able Hawkins, The Black Prince, The Dark Sage of Louisiana, and The Slayer of Lexington, was a slave on the Ashland sugar plantation located in Darrow, Louisiana, in Ascension Parish. Duncan Farrar Kenner owned the plantation and for ten years Abe was his slave. He rode some 25 horses to victory.
Kenner was a businessman that owned and raced horses with a track located on the plantation grounds. In 1854, Kenner purchased slave jockey Abe Hawkins. Abe was considered small and of "light figure" and suited to being a jockey. Abe rode for Kenner until he became a freeman in 1864, and then for Robert A. Alexander and was nationally known for fifteen years.
By 1865, Abe was rated the second best known athlete behind white jockey Gilbert Watson Patrick, known as Gilpatrick, and won against him in a match race before a crowd of 25,000 in New York City. Abe had a career twenty-five wins, including the two 1866 wins while under the employ of Robert A. Alexander, the Travers Stakes riding Merrill with former slave trainer Ansel Williamson, and the first Jerome Stakes riding Watson with trainer Jacob Pincus.
Abe returned to Ashland in 1866 and lived there until he died on May 4, 1867.
In 2024 Hawkins was selected for induction into the National Museum of Racing and Hall of Fame by its Historic Review Committee.
# Lutheran Diocese of Wrocław

The Lutheran Diocese of Wrocław is one of the six dioceses of the Evangelical Church of the Augsburg Confession in Poland.

## Location

The Lutheran Diocese of Wrocław is located in western Poland. It ranges from Kłodzko in the south to the Baltic Sea coast in the north. The territory of the Lutheran Diocese of Wrocław comprises Lower Silesia, Lubusz, and the western part of West Pomerania.

## Organizational structure

Today, the Lutheran Diocese of Wrocław has 16 parishes. Current bishop is Ryszard Bogusz since 1994.

## List of bishops

* Waldemar Preiss : 1947~1952
* Gustaw Gerstenstein : 1952~1958
* Waldemar Lucer : 1958~1979
* Józef Prośpiech : 1980~1994
* Ryszard Bogusz : 1994~
# Sivrihisar

Sivrihisar is a municipality and district of Eskişehir Province, Turkey. Its area is 2,748 km$^2$, and its population is 20,087 (2022). Its elevation is 1,070 m (3,510 ft).

## Location

The town of Sivrihisar lies 13 km (8.1 mi) north of the historical site of Pessinus, at the foot of a high double-peaked ridge of granite, which bears the ruins of ancient Spaleia and a later Byzantine castle, which gives the town its name (sivri "sharp, pointed", hisar "fortress, castle"). It is located at the intersection of the E-90 and E-96 routes.

## Economy

As of 1920, Sivrihisar was producing knitting clothing.

## Composition

There are 78 neighbourhoods in Sivrihisar District:
* Ahiler
* Aktaş
* Aşağıkepen
* Aydınlı
* Babadat
* Bahçecik
* Ballıhisar
* Benlikuyu
* Benliyaver
* Beyyazı
* Biçer
* Böğürtlen
* Buhara
* Buzluca
* Camikebir
* Çandır
* Çaykoz
* Cumhuriyet
* Demirci
* Demirciköy
* Dinek
* Dumluca
* Dümrek
* Elcik
* Elmalı
* Ertuğrulköy
* Gedik
* Gerenli
* Göktepe
* Gülçayır
* Güvemli
* Hamamkarahisar
* Hızırbey
* Hüdavendigar
* İbikseydi
* İğdecik
* İlören
* İlyaspaşa
* İstiklalbağı
* Kadıncık
* Kaldırımköy
* Karabaşlı
* Karaburhan
* Karacakaya
* Karacalar
* Karacaören
* Karacaörenyaylası
* Karadat
* Karakaya
* Karkın
* Kaymaz
* Kertek
* Kılıç
* Kınık
* Koçaş
* Koltan
* Kubbeli
* Kurşunlu
* Kurtşeyh
* Memik
* Mülkköy
* Nasrettinhoca
* Oğlakçı
* Ortaklar
* Paşakadın
* Sadıkbağı
* Sarıkavak
* Selimiye
* Sığırcık
* Tekören
* Yaverören
* Yenice
* Yenidoğan
* Yeniköy
* Yeşilköy
* Yukarıkepen
* Yunusemre
* Zeyköyü

## Notable natives

* Moushegh Ishkhan an Armenian poet, writer and educator.
* Nasreddin Hoca was born in Hortu village of Sivrihisar.
* Yunus Emre was born in Sivrihisar.

## Gallery

* Sivrihisar Clock Tower
* Interior of the historical Grand Mosque of Sivrihisar
* Backside view of the Holy Trinity Church, 1881
* North American Aviation P-51 Mustang of the US Air Force and other airworthy aircraft on display in the M.S.Ö. Air & Space Museum
# Cloneen, County Tipperary

Cloneen (Irish: An Cluainín) is a small village and civil parish in County Tipperary, Ireland. Located on the R692 regional road, the village is approximately 5 kilometres (3 mi) east of Fethard.
Cloneen's Catholic church was built, in 1815, on the site of a former medieval church. The church, known as the Church of the Visitation, is in the parish of Drangan and Cloneen in the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Cashel and Emly.
The national (primary) school in the village, Cloneen National School, had an enrollment of approximately 100 pupils as of September 2017. The local Gaelic Athletic Association club is St Patrick's GAA club.
# Riečka, Banská Bystrica District

Riečka (Hungarian: Récske) is a village and municipality in Banská Bystrica District in the Banská Bystrica Region of central Slovakia.

## History

In historical records the village was first mentioned in 1455.

## Geography

The municipality lies at an altitude of 492 metres and covers an area of 6.822 km². It has a population of about 751 people.
# Family Game (2022 film)

Family Game (French: Arsenault et fils) is a Canadian crime drama film, directed by Rafaël Ouellet and released in 2022.
Set in the Bas-Saint-Laurent region of Quebec, the film centres on the Arsenaults, a family who have been involved in illegal poaching and reselling of wild meat out of the back of the family-owned garage. Older son Adam (Guillaume Cyr) wants to get out of the criminal enterprise and run the business honestly, but finds his plans complicated by the return of his more criminally inclined younger brother Anthony (Pierre-Paul Alain) and the arrival in the town of Émilie (Karine Vanasse), a radio host.
The film's cast also includes Luc Picard as Adam and Anthony's father André, Julien Poulin as their grandfather Armand, and Micheline Lanctôt as their grandmother Irène.

## Production

Ouellet has described the film as an attempt to incorporate influences from The Godfather, GoodFellas and the films of James Gray into his own filmmaking style, which has traditionally been character drama driven by dialogue rather than plot. The film was shot in and around Ouellet's own hometown of Dégelis in 2021, and had its commercial theatrical premiere in June 2022.

## Awards

| Award | Date of ceremony | Category | Recipient(s) | Result |
| Prix collégial du cinéma québécois | 2023 | Best Film | Rafaël Ouellet | Nominated |
| Prix Iris | December 10, 2023 | Best Film | Stéphanie Morissette, Charles Stéphane Roy | Nominated |
| Prix Iris | December 10, 2023 | Best Director | Rafaël Ouellet | Nominated |
| Prix Iris | December 10, 2023 | Best Actor | Guillaume Cyr | Nominated |
| Prix Iris | December 10, 2023 | Best Screenplay | Rafaël Ouellet | Nominated |
| Prix Iris | December 10, 2023 | Best Editing | Myriam Magassouba | Nominated |
| Prix Iris | December 10, 2023 | Best Original Music | Viviane Audet, Robin-Joël Cool, Alexis Martin | Nominated |
| Prix Iris | December 10, 2023 | Best Sound | Daniel Fontaine-Bégin, Luc Boudrias, Henry Godding Jr. | Nominated |
| Prix Iris | December 10, 2023 | Best Casting | Nathalie Boutrie | Nominated |
# Teav Aek

Teav Aek (Khmer: ទាវឯក) is a 1972 Khmer film directed by Biv Chai Leang. The film stars Kong Som Eun and Vichara Dany. It is based on the Khmer novel written by Preah Botumthera Som, Tum Teav, which is widely considered the Khmer Romeo and Juliet. This film was remade in 2003 by Fai Som Ang as Tum Teav.

## Plot

A talented novice monk named Tum, Kong Som Eun, falls in love with Teav, Vichara Dany a very beautiful young lady. Teav give offerings to Tum and he proudly accept the offers, which in the Cambodian tradition a young female is not allowed to engage in any close activity with a monk, that means even giving offerings is not allowed. As the story progress, the relationship of Tum and Teav escalates. Teav's mother is unaware of the relationship between the monk she respects and her 16-year-old daughter. No, Teav's friendly assistant, helps conceal the relationship of Tum and Teav from Teav's mother. As soon as Teav's mother finds out that Tum is in love with her daughter she forbids her daughter from ever seeing him again. The story ends in a dramatic tragedy when Tum is killed and Teav commits suicide.

## Cast

* Kong Som Eun
* Vichara Dany
* Nop Nem
* Sek Bothoum
* Or Dom

## Soundtrack

| Song | Singer(s) |
| Jomrieng Tum Teav | Sinn Sisamouth |
| Vengnong Neang Teav | Sinn Sisamouth |
| Jomrieng No Nung Pich | Eng Nary and Pan Ron |
| Sauch Teang Tuk Pnek | Ros Serey Sothear |