OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Khaya anthotheca

Khaya anthotheca, with the common name East African mahogany, is a large tree species in the Meliaceae family, native to tropical Africa.
The name anthotheca was taken from the Greek word anthos, meaning flower, while theca refers to a capsule. It is known by a number of other common names, including Nyasaland, red or white mahogany. Oos-Afrikaanse mahonie is the Afrikaans name and acajou is its name in French.

## Distribution

It is widespread, occurring from Guinea Bissau east to Uganda and Tanzania, and south to Angola, Zambia, Zimbabwe and Mozambique. It is fairly widely grown in plantations within its natural area of distribution, but also in South Africa, tropical Asia and tropical America. It is easily confused with other Khaya species like K. grandifoliola, K. senegalensis or K. ivorensis in the north of its natural range.

### Habitat

The East African mahogany grows in medium to low altitude areas in evergreen forests. They require damp lands in order to grow. The Big Tree in Chirinda Forest is the tallest native tree in Zimbabwe.

## Description

Khaya anthotheca trees may grow between 30 and 60 metres (98 and 197 ft) tall. They have greyish-brown bark.
On mature trees, white scented flowers are borne at the ends of the branches.

## Common uses

It is used for furniture, flooring, paneling and boat building and for musical instrument (e.g. guitar). It is a very suitable tree for these projects because the bark weathers well, is resistant to borers and termites, besides fungal decay, and is tough but saws well. The bark has a bitter taste which is often used as a medicine for common colds. The oil from the seeds can also be rubbed into a person's scalp to rid of insects and lice.

## Threats

It is often cut down and destroyed in East and West Africa. Planting new trees in these areas to make up for what was destroyed is very rare. Genetic erosion is thought to have occurred as well. Because of this, the species is listed as "vulnerable" on the IUCN Red List. Some of its populations have been offered protection, and some countries placed bans on its export. The foliage is eaten by the larvae of the moth Heteronygmia dissimilis.
# Judge Conway

Judge Conway may refer to:
* Albert Conway (1889–1969), judge of the New York Court of Appeals
* Anne C. Conway (born 1950), judge of the United States District Court for the Middle District of Florida
* Byron B. Conway (born 1976), judge of the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Wisconsin
* John Edwards Conway (1934–2014), judge of the United States District Court for the District of New Mexico
# National Symphony Orchestra of Colombia

The National Symphony Orchestra of Colombia (Spanish: Orquesta Sinfónica Nacional de Colombia) is a Colombian orchestra based in Bogotá

## History

The orchestra was founded in 2003 following the dissolution of the Colombia Symphony Orchestra (Orquesta Sinfónica de Colombia) in December 2002. The Colombia Symphony Orchestra had been in operation since 1952 under the auspices of the government of Colombia and was dissolved as part of an extensive plan of state privatization. The Colombian National Symphony Orchestra is part of the 'National Association of Symphonic Music' (Asociación Nacional de Música Sinfónica), a non-profit organization that receives extensive support from the Colombian government to maintain the orchestra and to provide financial support to the other professional symphony orchestras in the country.
From 2003 to 2007, the orchestra's artistic direction was under the management of three music directors: Luis Biava (conductor-in-residence of the Philadelphia Orchestra until 2004), Alejandro Posada (then-music director of the Symphonic Orchestra of Castile and León (Orquesta Sinfónica de Castilla y León)), and Eduardo Carrizosa (then the assistant conductor of the Bogota Philharmonic (Orquesta Filarmónica de Bogotá)). In 2007, the orchestra opened a search process for a single principal conductor and artistic director. This search led to the appointment of Baldur Brönnimann as principal conductor and artistic director, who held the post from 2008 to 2012. In 2016, Olivier Grangean became principal conductor and artistic director of the orchestra.

## Conductors in leadership positions

* Luis Biava (2003–2007, joint music director)
* Alejandro Posada (2003–2007, joint music director)
* Eduardo Carrizosa (2003–2007, joint music director)
* Baldur Brönnimann (2008–2012, principal conductor and artistic director)
* Olivier Grangean (2016–2022, principal conductor and artistic director)
* Yeruham Scharovsky (2023–present, principal conductor and artistic director)

## Discography
### Live albums

List of live albums, with selected chart positions :
| Title | Album details | Peak chart positions | Certifications |
| Title | Album details | US Classical | Certifications |
| Sinfónico (with Fonseca) | Released: July 9, 2014 Label: EMI Format: CD/DVD, digital download | 17 | ASINCOL: 3× Platinum |

## Awards and nominations
### Latin Grammy Awards

A Latin Grammy Award is an accolade by the Latin Academy of Recording Arts & Sciences to recognize outstanding achievement in the music industry.
| Year | Nominee / work | Award | Result |
| 2014 | Sinfónico | Album of the Year | Nominated |
| 2014 | Sinfónico | Best Traditional Pop Vocal Album | Won |
# Hitomi Yamaguchi

Hitomi Yamaguchi (山口 瞳, Yamaguchi Hitomi, November 3, 1923 – August 30, 1995) was a novelist and essayist in Shōwa period Japan.

## Early life

Yamaguchi was born in the Azabu district of Tokyo to a working-class family. He was forced to support himself through college, attending the Kokugakuin University. After graduation, he went to work for the publishing company Kawade Shobō, but that company went bankrupt a couple of years later. He then found employment as the editor of a wine magazine published by Kotobukiya (the forerunner of Suntory); his colleagues at the same magazine included Kaikō Ken and Yanagihara Ryōhei. The advertising campaign he mounted popularized Hawaii as a tourist destination as well as promoting Suntory whiskey.

## Literary career

Yamaguchi's true literary career started in 1954, when he began contributing works to the magazine of literary criticism, Gendai Hyoron ("Contemporary Criticism").
Yamaguchi won the 1963 Naoki Prize for his novel, Eburi Man shi no yūga na seikatsu (江分利満氏の優雅な生活) ("The Refined Lifestyle of Mr. Everyman"), which appeared serialized in the women's monthly magazine, Fujin Gahō, from 1961 to 1962. This story about an average white-collar worker in Tokyo set the tone for many of his future works, which mock the new affluence of urban society in the 1960s, in contrast to the bitter war and post-war period. The novel was adapted into a film, The Elegant Life of Mr. Everyman, directed by Kihachi Okamoto.
Other noted works are: Majime ningen ("A Serious Person"), Izakaya Choji, Ketsu zoku ("Blood Relations"), Kazoku (Family) and Waga machi ("Our Town"). Nanjamonja is a humorous account of travels around Japan.
Yamaguchi also wrote a biography on Yoshino Hideo, in which he describes his own experiences during the period he lived in Kamakura, in the house next door to Kawabata Yasunari from 1945 to 1948. During his time in Kamakura, he attended the Kamakura Academia [ja], where his teachers included the philosopher and science historian, Saigusa Hiroto [ja], the tanka poet, Yoshino Hideo, and the novelist and poet, Takami Jun. After that, he moved to Kunitachi, in the outskirts of Tokyo.
Dansei jishin ("Man Himself"), a series of witty essays about the joys and sorrows of everyday life, was serialized in the weekly magazine, Shukan Shincho, from 1963 until his death in 1995 for a total of 1,614 episodes.
Yamaguchi was an amateur shogi player and published a book Ketsurui jūban shōbu (血涙十番勝負) chronicling his games against professional players fought with a rook handicap (hisha ochi) advantage. His opponents included Yasuharu Ōyama, Makoto Nakahara, Kunio Yonenaga, among others.
Yamaguchi died in 1995. His grave is in Uraga, Kanagawa.
# Christoffer Lisson

Christoffer Lisson (born 28 November 1995) is a Danish cyclist, who last rode for UCI Continental team Riwal Cycling Team.

## Major results
### 2013

    1st Overall GP Général Patton
    2nd Overall Tour du Pays de Vaud
    3rd Overall Aubel–Thimister–La Gleize

### 2017

    2nd Chrono des Nations U23
    6th Memorial Philippe Van Coningsloo
    9th Kalmar Grand Prix

### 2018

    3rd Skive–Løbet
    8th Overall Paris–Arras Tour
    8th Ringerike GP

### 2019

    3rd Skive–Løbet
    5th Road race, National Road Championships
    5th Duo Normand
    5th Chrono Champenois
    9th Overall Tour of Denmark
    9th Kalmar Grand Prix
# Zulfiqar Babar

Zulfiqar Babar (born 10 December 1978) is a Pakistani former cricketer who played for the Pakistan national cricket team between 2013 and 2016.

## Domestic career

The lack of top-class facilities, though, didn't diminish his hunger or ambition. Despite not breaking through to the national team earlier, Babar made sure his name was always in the reckoning by consistently being among the wickets.
In 2009/10 Quaid-i-Azam Trophy, he took 69 wickets at 16.42. A national call-up didn't come about then, but the selectors couldn't look away when he took 93 first-class wickets in 13 games in the 2012/13 season, at an average of 17.04.
He sealed his case when he took 6 for 22 in a practice game between Pakistan Chief Ministers XI and Pakistan Cricket Board Chairman's XI in October 2013.
In the inaugural Pakistan Super League in 2016 he along with Grant Elliot set the highest 10th wicket partnership in any form of T20(63) He was the leading wicket-taker for Water and Power Development Authority in the 2018–19 Quaid-e-Azam Trophy, with thirty-one dismissals in six matches.

## International career

Babar made his T20I debut on 27 July 2013, against West Indies, being one of the oldest Pakistani players to do so, aged 34 years 229 days.
Although Babar is Pakistan's second oldest T20 debutant after Inzamam-ul-Haq, who was 36 years 178 days, he is unfazed. He says, "I always leave such matters in the hands of Allah. Perhaps, it was my destiny to be playing for Pakistan at a time when people would be seriously considering other options in life."
He picked up 3 for 23 and was the highest wicket-taker for his team in the game. He also scored an invaluable 13* off 17 balls, and hit a six off the last ball of the innings to guide his team to a 2-wicket victory. He also scored 11* off 6 balls in the next game and picked up 2 more wickets for 37. He was the highest wicket-taker in the series and was named Man of the Series in his debut series.
Babar was named to the Test squad to play against South Africa in UAE in October 2013. He was chosen ahead of the regular spin bowler cricketer at Abu Dhabi Test.
He took 3 wickets of JP Duminy, Faf du Plessis and Robin Peterson in the first innings and took wickets of Hashim Amla and Dale Steyn in the second Innings showing his spinning abilities helped Pakistan to win the match by seven wickets.
He was selected in Pakistan's World Cup squad for World T20 2014. Against the match vs Australia, he took the wickets of David Warner and Shane Watson in the 1st over thus "Piling the dead bodies of Australia". Pakistan managed to win that match by 16 runs.
He made his One Day International debut for Pakistan against Australia in the United Arab Emirates on 7 October 2014.

## Personal life

Babar hails from Okara, a small town 85 miles away from Lahore and is the first from the town to play for Pakistan in 65 years.
Babar is the son of former Pakistani international footballer, Abdul Ghaffar, who played one game for Pakistan. Babar says his father never forced him to play soccer, knowing his son's passion for cricket. Babar has two grandsons with an interest in cricket.
# Offset Festival

Offset Festival was a musical festival held at Hainault Forest Country Park, just outside London, from 2008 to 2010.

## 2008

The first event aimed to join the dots between cutting-edge, new artists and their influences, with 8 stages covering art rock, post-punk, indie, rock and electro. The event was headlined by influential post-punk bands Wire and Gang of Four, with performances from the likes of Black Devil Disco Club, Neils Children, Prinzhorn Dance School, My Vitriol (who re-formed to play) and Drum Eyes (DJ Scotch Egg's band).
New artists included Blood Red Shoes, XX Teens, X-Certs, ULTERIOR, Chrome Hoof, Metronomy, Johnny Foreigner, Kill Casino, The Maccabees, Young Knives and 180 others. Tickets were priced at £45 for the weekend.
Stages were curated by Last.FM, Experimental Circle Club and Artrocker magazine.

## 2009

The Offset Festival returned on September 5–6, 2009, with The Slits, The Horrors, A Certain Ratio, Kap Bambino and The Futureheads. A comedy tent was also introduced run by rock and roll comedian Bob Slayer

## 2010

The Offset Festival returned in 2010 on September 4–5, 2010, with first artists announced as Liquid Liquid, Cluster, Telepathe, These New Puritans and many more including Sauna Youth and Athens Polytechnic. It was previewed in NME magazine as "one of the most genuinely left-of-centre two-dayers to emerge recently, this new favourite might boast kraut pioneers Cluster and Brooklyn hype victims Telepathe but it's the spread of music across the weekend that won Offset so many friends last year."
# Hassan Chani

Hassan Chani (born 5 May 1988) is a Moroccan born Bahraini long-distance runner.
He changed his nationality to represent Bahrain at the 2016 Summer Olympics in Rio de Janeiro, in the men's 10,000 metres. In 2020 he was banned by the Athletics Integrity Unit for blood doping. He was also stripped of the silver medal won at the 2018 Jakarta Asian Games.
# GMMB, Inc.

GMMB, Inc. is a political communications and advertising firm based in Washington, D.C., with additional offices in Seattle and San Francisco. Founded by Jim Margolis, it is the largest Democratic consulting firm in the United States.

## Foundation

Margolis served as an advisor to both of President Obama's campaigns, and former Secretary of State Hillary Clinton's 2016 presidential campaign. In April 2019, Senator Kamala Harris (D-CA) hired GMMB and Margolis to her team of strategists on her presidential campaign.

## History and clientele

GMMB was founded in 1983. In 2002, Omnicom, the second-largest advertising agency in the world, purchased GMMB
Beginning in 2009, GMMB was also hired by the Hunt Institute, under the auspices of the Gates Foundation, to promote the adoption of the Common Core State Standards. From 2013 to 2018, GMMB worked on behalf of the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau, for which the company received approximately $43 million.
In addition to its political work, GMMB has created advertising campaigns for trade groups, including AARP, CTIA, and the American Beverage Association (which includes Coca-Cola and PepsiCo). In 2018, GMMB directed more than $10 million in advertising purchases. Also in 2018, the firm won TVB's Excellence award for its work on behalf of Nevada gubernatorial candidate Steve Sisolak.
# Bishop of Oswestry

The Bishop of Oswestry is a suffragan bishop of the Diocese of Lichfield who fulfils the role of a provincial episcopal visitor in the Church of England.

## Background

Following the first ordinations of women in 1993 to the priesthood in the Church of England, Bishops suffragan of Ebbsfleet and of Richborough were appointed "provincial episcopal visitors" — known as "flying bishops" — to provide episcopal oversight for parishes throughout the province of Canterbury which reject the ministry of bishops who have participated in the ordination of women.

## Creation of bishopric

In June 2022, it was announced that, from January 2023, oversight of traditionalist Anglo-Catholics in the west of Canterbury province (formerly the Bishop of Ebbsfleet's area) would be taken by a new Bishop of Oswestry, suffragan to the Bishop of Lichfield; while oversight of conservative Evangelicals (formerly the duties of a Bishop suffragan of Maidstone) would be taken by the next Bishop of Ebbsfleet. The Bishop of Oswestry was to serve the western 13 dioceses of the southern province (Bath and Wells, Birmingham, Bristol, Coventry, Derby, Exeter, Gloucester, Hereford, Lichfield, Oxford, Salisbury, Truro, and Worcester). On 2 December 2022, Paul Thomas, Vicar of St James's Church, Paddington, was announced to be the first Bishop of Oswestry; he was consecrated in Canterbury Cathedral on 2 February 2023 (the Feast of Candlemas) by Martin Warner, Bishop of Chichester, on behalf of Justin Welby, Archbishop of Canterbury, who was present during the service.

## Controversy

The choice of Oswestry as the see's name was publicly criticised by Oswestry town councillor Jonathan Upton, who, in a letter to the Bishop of Lichfield, protested: "The response received to this announcement in Oswestry is one of upset and anger. The people of Oswestry feel deeply unhappy that our town's name is being used by the Anglican church as a tool of appeasing the opponents of gender equality and modern interpretation of the scripture." He reported St Oswald's Parish Church had declared it supported female clergy or clergy from the LGBT community working with it, and that, apart from St Oswald's and the other parish church in the town, ordained women were serving the remainder of the area's rural parishes as vicars.

## List of bishops

Bishops of Oswestry :
| From | Until | Incumbent | Notes |
| 1889 | 2023 | vacant | |
| 2023 | present | Paul Thomas | announced December 2022; consecrated 2 February 2023. |
| Source(s): ||||
# Mathrafal

Mathrafal near Welshpool, in Powys, Mid Wales, was the seat of the Kings and Princes of Powys probably from the 9th century until its destruction in 1213 by Prince Llywelyn the Great.

## Location

On the banks of the River Banwy, just above its confluence with the river Vyrnwy, about 5 km (3 miles) NE of Llanfair Caereinion and 10 km (6 miles) NW of Welshpool on the A495 at its junction with the B4389.

## Description

The site known today as "Mathrafal Castle" is a 90 m by 80 m compound defended by a bank and outer ditch on three sides, the fourth side being the river. Little remains of the original walls.
Mathrafal is the original capital of the Kingdom of Powys, in the cantref of Caereinion. After the division of Powys in 1160 it became the capital of the southern portion which eventually became known as Powys Wenwynwyn.
This structure probably replaced an earlier hill fort, about 1 km away to the NW, which dates from around 656 at the time of the fall of the neighbouring Kingdom of Pengwern, or perhaps as early as 520 when the capital of Powys was moved from the old Roman city of Viroconium Cornoviorum (Wroxeter).
The 35m by 25m by 5m high motte of Mathrafal Castle dates from around the end of the 12th century and was probably built either by Owain Cyfeiliog (circa 1170) or Robert de Vieuxpont on behalf of King John in 1212. Prince Gwenwynwyn ab Owain of Powys moved his capital from Mathrafal to Welshpool (Y Trallwng) in 1212. Later in 1212, Robert de Vieuxpont was besieged in the castle by the coalition forces of Gwenwynwyn and Llywelyn the Great, he was rescued by King John. The castle was destroyed and never rebuilt.
Excavations by the University of York around 1991 found an iron and bronze figurine of St Gwynllyw (or Woolos the Warrior) in a cavity in a window base.
# Andrew James Macauley

Andrew James Macauley (May 14, 1887 – May 14, 1939) was a farmer, rancher and political figure in Saskatchewan. He represented Cut Knife from 1934 to 1938 in the Legislative Assembly of Saskatchewan as a Farmer-Labour Group member. The FLG was affiliated with the national Co-operative Commonwealth Federation and would become the Saskatchewan Co-operative Commonwealth Federation (CCF) in 1935.
He was born in Harriston, Ontario and moved west in 1905. Macauley worked as a labourer on the Grand Trunk Pacific Railway and later operated a ranch at Waseca, Saskatchewan with his two brothers. They raised Aberdeen-Angus cattle and Clydesdale horses. In 1912, he joined the Saskatchewan Grain Growers. He was a director for the United Farmers of Canada and was president from 1931 to 1932. He was defeated by William Roseland when he ran for reelection to the provincial assembly in 1938. Macauley died in a Saskatoon hospital following an operation for a brain tumour.
# Dreierwalder Aa

Dreierwalder Aa (also: Ibbenbürener Aa, Ledder Mühlenbach, Hörsteler Aa) is a river of North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. It flows into the Speller Aa in Spelle.
# Sphenodiscus

Sphenodiscus is an extinct genus of acanthoceratacean ammonite. The genus has been found from many continents and is thought to have had a large global distribution during the Maastrichtian stage of the Late Cretaceous. It was one of the last ammonoids to have evolved before the entire subclass became extinct during the Paleocene, which was directly after the Cretaceous–Paleogene extinction event.

## Distribution

Fossils have been found throughout North America from localities in South Carolina, North Carolina, South Dakota, Maryland, New Jersey and Mexico. There is also evidence of the genus being present from the island of Trinidad, although the material found from here cannot be classified at the species level. Common species found in North America include S. lobatus, S. lenticularis, and S. pleurisepta. New species have been found from localities outside of North America such as S. binkhorsti from the Maastricht Formation in the Netherlands, S. siva from the Valudavur Formation in India and S. brasiliensis from the beds along the banks of the Rio Gramame in Brazil. Many specimens of S. lobatus have also been found from the Nkporo Shale in Nigeria.

## Description

The shell of Sphenodiscus was streamlined and lateromedially compressed with overlapping whorls and a small umbilicus. The ventral edge of the shell tends to be sharply angled. The outer surface is generally smooth in fossil specimens, although certain species at different stages of ontogenic development may possess many small tubercles along their surfaces. Sphenodiscus had a complex suture pattern with many small branching lobes and saddles.
# Onzole Formation

The Onzole Formation is an Early Pliocene (Montehermosan to Chapadmalalan in the SALMA classification) geologic formation in the Borbón Basin of northwestern Ecuador. The formation consists of a shallow marine sandstone member containing many fish fossils, among which megalodon, and a deep water member comprising tuffaceous shales and mudstones containing gastropods, bivalves and scaphopods.

## Subdivision

The formation consists of the Esmeraldas Member, which is a unit comprising highly foraminiferal tuffaceous calcareous shale. They were deposited by shallow water gravity flows, which brought the Esmeraldas fauna into the deep water (1,000 metres (3,300 ft)) from shallow water, on the order of 75 metres (246 ft).
The Esmeraldas Member is covered by the Súa Member comprising burrowed, bioturbated, silty sandstones deposited in a coastal environment.

## Fossil content

The formation has provided bivalve, gastropod, and scaphopod fossils and the following vertebrates:
* Carcharhinus egertoni, C. priscus
* Carcharocles megalodon
* Diaphus ecuadorensis
* Galeocerdo aduncus
* Hemipristis serra
* Isistius triangulus
* Negaprion eurybathrodon
* Odontaspis acutissima
* Rhizoprionodon taxandriae
* Brotula cf. ordwayi
* Chilara taylori
* Eucinostomus cf. currani
* Larimus cf. pacificus
* Lepophidium borbonensis, L. limulum
* Lepophidium microlepis
* Merluccius cf. angustimanus
* Orthopristis cf. cantharinus
* Otophidium indefatigabile
* Paraconger californiensis
* Porichthys analis, Porichthys margaritatus, Porichthys cf. notatus
* Stellifer onzole
* Anchoa sp.
* Apogon sp.
* Citharichthys sp.
* Diaphus sp.
* Haemulon sp.
* Lampadena sp.
* Apogonidae indet.
* Cynoglossidae indet.
* Gobiidae indet.
* Gerreidae indet.
* Opistognathidae indet.
* Pleuronectidae indet.
* ?Serranidae indet.