OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Orthonychiidae

†Orthonychiidae is an extinct taxonomic family of fossil sea snails, marine, gastropod mollusks in the clade Cyrtoneritimorpha.
There is an unusually great degree of variability within the shells of species in the genus Orthonychia, but an analysis of this variability has not been done yet (2008).

## Genera

Genus Orthonychia Hall, 1843
* Orthonychia acuta Roemer, 1856
* Orthonychia baldwini Rohr et al., 1981
* Orthonychia belli Clarke, 1908
* Orthonychia bowsheri Yochelson, 1956
* Orthonychia chesterense Meek & Worthen, 1866
* Orthonychia concavum Hall, 1860
* Orthonychia conicum Hall, 1860
* Orthonychia conoidea (Goldfuss, 1844)
* Orthonychia cornuforme (Winchell, 1863)
* Orthonychia costata (Barrois, 1889)
* Orthonychia daschi (Rohr & Smith, 1978)
* Orthonychia dentalium Hall, 1862
* Orthonychia enorme (Lindström, 1884)
* Orthonychia infabricatus Hyde, 1953
* Orthonychia marblecreekensis Talent & Philip, 1956
* Orthonychia obliquesulata Spitz, 1907
* Orthonychia pajerensis Chronic, 1949
* Orthonychia parva (Shumard & Swallow, 1858)
* Orthonychia parvulum Whiteaves, 1892
* Orthonychia pentalvea Talent & Philip, 1956
* Orthonychia perplexum (Hall, 1879)
* Orthonychia prosseri Clarke & Swartz, 1913
* Orthonychia protei (Oehlert, 1883)
* Orthonychia puellaris (Whidborne, 1891)
* Orthonychia quadrangularis (Whidborne, 1891)
* Orthonychia rostratus (Trenkner, 1867)
* Orthonychia sciotoensis Hyde, 1953
* Orthonychia sileni (Oehlert, 1883)
* Orthonychia subrectum Hall, 1860 - type species
* Orthonychia steinbergensis Kegel, 1926
* Orthonychia talon Tolmachoff, 1930
* Orthonychia tortuosa (Hall, 1860)
* Orthonychia trirotundolobatum (Talent & Philip, 1956)
* Orthonychia unguiculata Clarke & Swartz, 1913
* Orthonychia variablis Tyler, 1965
* Orthonychia vishtytica Saladzius, 1966
* Orthonychia vomerium (Winchell, 1863)
* Orthonychia waverlyensis Hyde, 1953
* Orthonychia compressa / Platyceras (Orthonychia) compressum Girty 1910
* Orthonychia ungula / Platyceras (Orthonychia) ungula (Weller, 1906)
# John A. Falconer

Corporal John A. Falconer (c. 1844 to April 1, 1900) was an American soldier who fought in the American Civil War. Falconer received the country's highest award for bravery during combat, the Medal of Honor, for his action during the Siege of Knoxville at Fort Sanders in Tennessee on 20 November 1863. He was honored with the award on 27 July 1896.

## Biography

Falconer was born in Washtenaw County, Michigan in about 1844. He enlisted into the 17th Michigan Infantry. He died on 1 April 1900 and his remains are interred at the Sunset Hill Cemetery in Warrensburg, Missouri.

## Medal of Honor citation

   Conducted the "burning party" of his regiment at the time a charge was made on the enemy's picket line, and burned the house which had sheltered the enemy's sharpshooters, thus insuring success to a hazardous enterprise.
# Otarocyon

Otarocyon ("large eared dog") is an extinct genus of the Borophaginae subfamily of canids native to North America. It lived during the Oligocene epoch, about 33.3—20.6 Ma (million years ago). Fossils have been found only in Montana, Wyoming, and South Dakota.
Otarocyon was a small borophagine characterized by a short, broad skull, a specialized middle ear, simple, tall premolar teeth, and molars that are incipiently adapted to a hypocarnivorous diet. Despite its Oligocene age, the skull of Otarocyon shows several striking similarities to the living fennec fox, particularly in the structure of its middle ear. The similarities are probably convergent, but they suggest that Otarocyon may have been similar in its appearance and habits.

## Species

* O. macdonaldi Wang et al. 1999, Early Oligocene
* O. cooki Macdonald 1963, Late Oligocene
In addition to its earlier age, O. macdonaldi differs from O. cooki in being smaller and in showing lesser development of the specializations that characterize the genus. O. macdonaldi is also the earliest known member of the subfamily Borophaginae, although the later appearing Archaeocyon was more primitive.
# Mindon Township

Mindon Township (Burmese: မင်းတုန်းမြို့နယ်) is a township of Thayet District in the Magway Region of Burma (Myanmar). Its administrative seat is Mindon.
# Pharsalia lentiginosa

Pharsalia lentiginosa is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Francis Polkinghorne Pascoe in 1866. It is known from India and Borneo.
# Oxydiscites

Oxydiscites is a genus of ammonites from the Upper Jurassic Kimmeridgian included in the Ochetoceratinae, Oppeliidae. The shell is involute, compressed, with a minute umbilicus, sharp venter with a tall finely toothed keel, and faloid ribbing.
# Letpadan Township

Letpatan Township (Burmese: လက်ပတန်းမြို့နယ်) is a township in Tharrawaddy District in the Bago Region of Burma. The principal town is Letpadan.
About 200 students and supporters of the movement against Education Law were crushed down by police at Letpadan on 10 March 2015 after they had been blocked on their way to Yangon for nine days by police. Over 100 were arrested after being attacked brutally by police force.
# Palaeogiraffa

Palaeogiraffa is an extinct genus of giraffidae. It was first named by Bonis and Bouvrain in 2003, and contains one species, P. major. It has only been found at a fossil site in Yulafli, in Turkey.
# Paradnatoceras

Paradnatoceras is an extinct straight-shelled cephalopod genus that lived in what would become China during the Ordovician from 478.6 to about 461 mya, existing for approximately 17.6 Ma.

## Taxonomy

Paradnatoceras is included in the Orthocerida according to Sepkoski (2002). Inclusion of the Orthocerida in the subclass Orthoceratoidea is according to more recent taxonomic opinion. In older taxonomies, e.g., the Orthocerida were included in the Nautiloidea.

## Morphology

The shell is usually long, and may be straight ("orthoconic") or gently curved. In life, these animals may have been similar to the modern squid, except for the long shell.

## Fossil distribution

Fossil distribution is exclusive to central and southern China.
# Parahoplitinae

Parahoplitinae is an extinct subfamily of cephalopods belonging to the Ammonite family Parahoplitidae.
# Paratypothorax

Paratypothorax is an extinct genus of aetosaur, known from a single species, Paratypothorax andressorum. It was a broadly distributed member of the group found in Germany, North America, and possibly parts of Gondwana. The best specimens come from Germany, though for more than a century they were mistakenly considered phytosaur armor. Paratypothorax was a large and wide-bodied typothoracine aetosaur, as well as the namesake of the tribe Paratypothoracisini.

## Discovery and distribution

Paratypothorax was first known from specimens collected from the Heslach area near Stuttgart in Germany. These hail from the Stubensandstein (also known as the Löwenstein Formation), a mid-Norian age geological unit. Heslach has also produced many fossils of a smaller aetosaur, Aetosaurus. The holotype specimen of Paratypothorax, SMNS 5721, consists of a series of articulated osteoderms alongside a few hip and leg bones. Large osteoderms of Paratypothorax were long misidentified as phytosaur armor, and referred to Belodon. Among this formerly misidentified material is SMNS 19003, a fossil unearthed in 1945 from the Schlipf Quarry near Murrhardt. Further preparation revealed that SMNS 19003 was a complete skeleton with a well-preserved skull and fully articulated carapace. Paratypothorax was first recognized as an aetosaur in 1953, and was named as a new genus in 1985.
In 1992, Paratypothorax fossils were first identified in the Chinle Group of the southwestern United States. It has been found in the Sonsela Member of Petrified Forest National Park in Arizona, as well as the Bluewater Creek Formation of western New Mexico. It is also common in strata of the Dockum Group further in eastern New Mexico and Texas. Osteoderms of Paratypothorax have also been reported from the Norian-age Fleming Fjord Formation in Greenland, the Zarzaitine Series of Algeria, and an unverified occurrence in India.

## Description

Paratypothorax possesses paramedian scutes that are wide, strap-like, and have grooves and pits on them forming radial patterns. Like other typothoracisines such as Typothorax, the lateral scutes bear large horns that are posteriorly hooked. The rear of each scute is overlapped by a prominent knob.
# Parkinsonia (ammonite)

Parkinsonia is a genus of ammonites belonging to the family Parkinsoniidae.
These fast-moving nektonic carnivores lived from the Bajocian age to the Bathonian age of the Middle Jurassic.

## Description

Parkinsonia species have a compressed spiral shell with strong ribbing.

## Distribution

Fossils of species within this genus have been found in the Jurassic of France, Germany, Iran, Russia, United Kingdom, and United States.
# Peismoceras

Peismoceras is a genus of fossil Cephalopoda in the family Lechritrochoceratidae.
These nautiloids were fast-moving nektobenthic carnivores. They lived in the Silurian Period, from Late Wenlock age (from 428.2 ± 1.5 to 422.9 ± 2.8 mya) to Přídolí Age (from 418.7 ± 1.5 to 416 ± 2.8 mya).

## Species

* Peismoceras amicum (Barrande)†
* Peismoceras optatum (Barrande)†
* Peismoceras pulchrum†
* Fossil of Peismoceras, an extinct cephalopod at Teylers Museum, Haarlem
# Shmuel Kozokin

Shmuel Kozokin (Hebrew: שמואל קוזוקין; born 16 November 1987) is an Israeli former footballer. Kozokin was a defender. He won a gold medal with Team Israel at the 2005 Maccabiah Games. He played for the Israel national under-19 football team, the Israel national under-21 football team, the Israel national football team, Beitar Jerusalem, Hapoel Kfar Saba, and Ironi Beit Shemesh. Today he is a sport teacher in high school.

## Biography

He was born in Moscow, Russia, in the USSR in 1987. When he was four years old his family immigrated to Israel and lives in Beit Shemesh. At the age on nine he joined a football school, and at the age of 14 joined the youth team of Beitar Jerusalem.
He was part of the Israeli team at the 2005 Maccabiah Games that won the football gold medal.
He played for the Israel national under-19 football team in 2005–06. With the youth team he won the 2005–06 Israeli youth-teams-cup, and he was brought up to the mature team. He was part of the mature squad, and at the same time played for the youth team, with whom he won the 2006–07 cup and championship, and was chosen youth player of the year. He was also part of the Israel national under-21 football team that reached the UEFA European Under-21 Championship (though he did not play in the tournament itself).
In the 2006–07 season, when the mature team won the state championship, he was mostly a bench player, but at the same time played for the youth team that won the state cup and championship, and was chosen youth player of the year. In the 2007–08 season when the team won both the state championship and the state cup he played in many games, especially at the end of the season. After that season he received a call to the Israel national football team.
From 2006-13 he played for Beitar Jerusalem. In January 2013, Kozokin transferred to Hapoel Kfar Saba. From 2013-15 he played for Ironi Beit Shemesh.
# Ziegenhahn & Sohn

Ziegenhahn & Sohn Jagdwaffen e.K. (formerly Ziegenhahn & Diem or Zi-Di) is a German arms manufacturing company. It was founded in 1911 and is located in Benshausen.
Alfred Ziegenhahn, founder of the firm, was born in 1875 in the town of Rotha in the southern part of the Harz mountain range. In 1889 he was apprenticed to Messrs. Schmidt & Habermann in Suhl, remaining with them and eventually being appointed as master gunsmith in 1922. Ziegenhahn's consuming interest in arms led to his making of rifles in his home workshop and creating ideas which could be patented. His collaboration with Messrs. Heinrich Diem in Benshausen started in 1911, at which time the combination 'Ziegenhahn-Diem' led to the name 'Zi-Di'.
Alfred’s son, Fritz (born 1903), was likewise apprenticed to Schmidt & Habermann between 1917 and 1920, becoming a master gunsmith in 1933. Ten years earlier in 1923 Alfred Ziegenhahn broke his ties with Schmidt & Habermann and started up on his own, Fritz joining him.
One of their first large contracts was the conversion of 30,000 Luger pistols from 7.65mm to 9mm for the German Reichswehr Army of the Weimar Republic.
After World War II, American troops destroyed the company's entire inventory of weapons, running them over with trucks, and dumped all its ammunition in Switzerland. (The ammunition was later recovered.) Banned from arms production, the company produced saw blades until 1952, when it was allowed to produce arms again. The company produced only pistols until 1981, when it resumed production of long arms.
Ziegenhahn & Diem was renamed Ziegenhahn & Sohn oHG in 1993, then subsequently renamed Ziegenhahn & Sohn Jagdwaffen e.K. in 2012.
# Permotipulidae

Permotipulidae is an extinct family of insects within the order Protodiptera. Permotipulidae appeared in the Permian. Two genera are Permotipula and Permila which are close relatives to flies.
# Dzhida (river)

The Dzhida (Russian: Джида) is a river in the south of Buryatia, Russia, a left tributary of the Selenga. It is 567 kilometres (352 mi) long, and has a drainage basin of 23,500 square kilometres (9,100 sq mi).

## Geography

One of the largest rivers of Buryatia originates in the extreme west of the Khangarul ridge, 3 km east of the Russian-Mongolian border. The first third of the current Dzhida runs in a narrow gorge from northwest to southeast along the mountain taiga in the west of the Zakamensky district. Near the city of Zakamensk, the river turns to the east and flows parallel to the Dzhidinskiy ridge (from the south) and the Maly Khamar-Daban ridge (from the north). Below Zakamensk, the gorges of the river valley alternate with extended areas.
Within the Dzhida region, the river takes a more calm character, the valley expands. In the lower reaches the river flows along the southern edge of the Borgoy steppe. 8 km below the village of Dzhida the river flows into Selengu opposite the саenbėn ulus. In the lower reaches, above the station of Dzhida, the riverbed crosses the southern line of the East Siberian Railway Ulan-Ude-Naushki. For 150 km along the left, northern, bank of the river between the villages Oyor and Dutulur passes the regional road P440 Gusinoozersk - Zakamensk (Dzhidinskiy trakt).
Settlements on the banks of the Dzhida and its valley (from the source to the mouth): Engorgoy, Nurt, Zakamensk, Khuzhir, Dutulur, Tsakir, Khamnei, Usanovka, Ust-Burgaltay, Mikhailovka, Ulekchin, Kharatsai, Naryn, Khuldat, Shartykey, Oyor, Old Ukyrchelon, Tohoy, Zheltura, Tangrek, Mill, Bayan, Bulyk, Petropavlovka, Tasarhai, Botsiy, Upper Yonhor, Nyugui, Yonhor, Dyrestuy, Dzhida.

## Hydrology

Feeding rainwater. The water flow in the mouth is 60 m³ / s.
The average annual water discharge in the area of the village of Djida (21 km from the mouth) is 73.54 m³ / s. Average monthly water charges (observations from 1939 to 1997)

## The data of the water register

According to the State Water Register of Russia and the geoinformation system for water management of the territory of the Russian Federation, prepared by the Federal Agency for Water Resources [3]:
Basin District - Angara-Baikal The river basin is Selenga (the Russian part of the basins) The river sub-basin is absent Water management site - Jida Code of water body - 16030000112116300006973

## Main tributaries

(distance from the mouth)
158 km - the river Zheltura (right) 328 km - the river Hamnya (left) 438 km - the river Tsakirka (left)
# Platyceras

Platyceras is a genus of extinct Paleozoic sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks in the family Platyceratidae. This genus is known from the Silurian to the Middle Triassic periods and especially abundant in the Devonian and Carboniferous. It is the type genus of the family Platyceratidae.

## Description

Platyceras has a distinctive, curved conical shape that is easily recognized. The cap-like shell is high and broad anteriorly. The posterior portion of the shell, at the apex, is usually slightly coiled in an asymmetrical fashion. Frequently, the front portions of the shells are broken, though the posterior sections are relatively well preserved. Platyceras is particularly abundant in Devonian deposits (359 million to 416 million years old). Platyceras and other platyceratid gastropods are known for the complex symbiotic relationships they had with crinoids.

## Distribution

Fossils of Platyceras have been found all over the world, among others in the Silurian Bertie Formation of Ontario and New York and the Devonian Floresta Formation of Boyacá, Colombia.
# Plethodus

Plethodus is an extinct genus of prehistoric ray-finned fish. It is the type genus of the family Plethodidae.
Fossils are mostly known from Europe, but specimens have recently been identified from Texas.
# Pleuronautilus

Pleuronautilus is a nautiloid genus; family Tainoceratidae, order Nautilida.

## Description

The shell is evolute, discoidal; whorl section subquadrade, flanks generally straight but may converge toward the venter. Inner flanks have course ribbing, outer have rows of nodes. Sutures have shallow ventral, lateral, and dorsal lobes. Its siphuncle is small and approximately central.

## Fossil records

Pleuronautilus has been found in Upper Permian marine limestone in Armenia, China, and Iran, sometimes associated with orthocerids, ammonoids, and other nautilids as well as other invertebrates; in Upper Permian offshore mudstone and calcareous siltstone in the northern Caucasus, and in upper Lower Permian marine sediments in Tajikistan with grypoceratids and pronoritids. It has been found also in Lower Triassic black marine calcareous shale in Afghanistan with orthocerid, aulacocerid, phylloceratitd and ceratitid cephalopod genera and in early Upper deltaic shale and marl with ceratitids, pelecypods, and gastropods in Slovenia; and mid upper offshore mustone with Paranautilus and Rhacophyllites and ceratitids in western Nevada.

## Species

Species within this genus include:
* †Pleuronautilus alaskensis Kummel 1953
* †Pleuronautilus changxingensis Zhao et al. 1978
* †Pleuronautilus cooperi Miller 1945
* †Pleuronautilus costalis Shimansky 1965
* †Pleuronautilus dzhagadzurensis Zakharov 1989
* †Pleuronautilus dzhulfensis Shimansky 1965
* †Pleuronautilus gaudryi von Mojsisovics 1902
* †Pleuronautilus gregarius Miller 1945
* †Pleuronautilus incertus Abich 1878
* †Pleuronautilus latissimus Waagen 1879
* †Pleuronautilus lepsiusi von Mojsisovics 1902
* †Pleuronautilus linchengense Yi 1933
* †Pleuronautilus loczyi Fliegel 1901
* †Pleuronautilus magnicostatus Miller 1945
* †Pleuronautilus magnus Zheng 1984
* †Pleuronautilus mariani Airaghi 1902
* †Pleuronautilus megaporus Miller 1945
* †Pleuronautilus mosis Mojsisovics 1882
* †Pleuronautilus multicostatus Etheridge Jr. 1907
* †Pleuronautilus mutatus Miller 1945
* †Pleuronautilus praecursor Girty 1909
* †Pleuronautilus qinghaianus Wang and Chen 1979
* †Pleuronautilus russkiensis Zakharov 1978
* †Pleuronautilus shumardianus Girty 1909
* †Pleuronautilus sumatrensis Fliegel 1901
* †Pleuronautilus venustus Reed 1944
* †Pleuronautilus verae Arthaber 1900
* †Pleuronautilus yahagiensis Ehiro 1995
* †Pleuronautilus zhongyingensis Zheng 1984
# Pleuronodoceratidae

Pleuronodoceratidae is an extinct family of cephalopods belonging to the Ammonite subclass in the order Ceratitida.
# Plicatodus

* Sharks portal
* Paleontology portal
Plicatodus is a prehistoric cartilaginous fish in the family Xenacanthidae that lived in Europe during the late Carboniferous and Early Permian Periods. It was described by Oliver Hampe in 1995, and the type species is Plicatodus jordani. The type locality for this genus is the Saar-Nahe basin.

## Description

Plicatodus fossils generally only consist of scattered, isolated teeth, with one exception: a partial skeleton that includes the head, dorsal spine, and pectoral girdle.

### Species

The type species for this genus, P. jordani was described in 1995 from Permian-aged material (the Asselian part of the Cisuralian to be specific) found in the upper Odernheim Formation of the Saar–Nahe Basin: a molasse of freshwater and shallow marine deposits from late Carboniferous to the early Permian Periods.
P. plicatus was originally described as a member of the genus Orthacanthus by Karl von Fritsch in 1879. It came from the Kasimovian (Carboniferous) aged Slany Formation in the Rakovnik Basin of Bohemia.
P. sp., found in the Gzhelian (Carboniferous) of Lower Austria is undetermined. While it may represent an undescribed third species, it may just as well come from P. jordani or P. plicatus.
# Pliocyon

Pliocyon is an extinct genus of amphicyonids which inhabited North America during the Middle Miocene 16.0—13.6 Ma, existing for approximately 2 million years. Fossils have been uncovered in South Florida, Oregon, and western Nebraska.
# Polyteichus

Polyteichus is a genus of bryozoans of the order Trepostomata. They are spherical, semi-spherical or disc shaped, with 3 or 4 radiating lobes, being 2–5 cm in diameter. The zooecia are shaped as wide prisms.
Representatives of this genus have been found in the Upper Ordovician of the Czech Republic.
# Priscaenigma

Priscaenigma is an extinct genus of snakefly of the Priscaenigmatidae family which was described by Whalley in 1985. The fossils were found on flatstones at Black Ven in Charmouth, Dorset at 50°42′N 2°54′W﻿ / ﻿50.7°N 2.9°W﻿ / 50.7; -2.9 in a marine environment of the Charmouth Mudstone Formation. The fossils were collected by J. F. Jackson between 1961 and 1963. Its sister taxa is Hondelagia. The genus contains one species, the extinct Priscaenigma obtusa, also described by Whalley in 1985. Its forewing is 12.6 centimetres (5.0 in) in length. Only a forewing was found when the species was discovered.
# Prohepialus

Prohepialus is an extinct genus of insect of uncertain phylogenetic placement. It was originally identified as a moth in the family Hepialidae; however, Simonsen, Wagner & Heikkilä (2019) considered it more likely to be a symphytan wasp. It contains only one species, Prohepialus incertus, which was described from a Thanetian crater lake diatomite (Paleocene) in Menat (Puy-de-Dôme), France. A second specimen is known from the Bembridge Marls (Eocene) in the United Kingdom.
# Propalaeomeryx

Propalaeomeryx is an extinct genus of giraffidae. It was first named by Lydekker in 1883.
# Protapirus

Protapirus (Latin: "before" (pro), + Brazilian Indian: "tapir" (tapira)) is an extinct genus of tapir known from the Oligocene and Miocene of North America and Eurasia.

## Taxonomy

The type species is Protapirus priscus from the Late Oligocene of Quercy, France. Protapirus is often considered the earliest true tapir, or at least a tapiroid that is the direct ancestor of the true tapir family.

## Distribution and history

The oldest species is the North American P. simplex from the White River Formation. A later North American species is P. obliquidens From North America, the genus spread into Eurasia during the Oligocene, with five species known from the Oligocene and Miocene of Europe and a single species (P. gromovae) from Kazakhstan.

## Description

They were of similar size to modern tapirs, but had more primitive features, such as premolars that were less molariform in shape. In comparison to more primitive tapiroids, Protapirus had retracted nasal region which may indicate the presence of a trunk. However, the nasals were not as shortened as in modern tapirs, so the proboscis would have likely been less prominent.