OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Saltcoats, Saskatchewan

Saltcoats is a town in east-central Saskatchewan near the Manitoba border in Canada. The town's population was 474 in 2011. It was built in the late 19th century, and its economy was driven by the railway. There is no longer a passenger service to the town.

## History

The community was established in 1887, just before the arrival of the Manitoba and Northwestern Railway in 1888; a post office was opened when rail service began. In 1894, Saltcoats was the first village incorporated in the North-West Territories as they then were. The town was originally named 'Stirling', but when the railway arrived the name was changed to Saltcoats, after Saltcoats, Scotland, the birthplace of a major railway shareholder and the home port of Allen Steam-ship Lines which brought over many of the immigrants from the British Isles that settled in the region.
In 1902, 208 Welsh settlers (44 families) fleeing unfavourable conditions in Welsh Patagonia came to Saltcoats, but within a generation their community lost its cultural cohesion and melted into the English-speaking cultural matrix.

## Demographics

In the 2021 Census of Population conducted by Statistics Canada, Saltcoats had a population of 473 living in 205 of its 227 total private dwellings, a change of -2.3% from its 2016 population of 484. With a land area of 1.35 km$^2$ (0.52 sq mi), it had a population density of 350.4/km$^2$ (907.5/sq mi) in 2021.

## Government
### Provincial representation

* Melville - Saltcoats Riding - Bob Bjornerud - Saskatchewan Party
Federal representation
* Yorkton Riding - Gary Breitkreuz - Conservative Party of Canada

## Saltcoats & District Regional Park

Saltcoats & District Regional Park (51°01′40″N 102°09′22″W﻿ / ﻿51.0278°N 102.1561°W﻿ / 51.0278; -102.1561) is on the south side of Saltcoats and Anderson Lake. The area had been used since the 1880s as a park and, in 1963, it was established as a regional park. It occupies a quarter section of land and has a campground, sandy beach, boat launch, ball diamonds, picnic area, pavilion, and a concession stand.

## Media

The Four-Town Journal covers Saltcoats and area.

## Notable people

* The Honourable Gordon Barnhart: Lieutenant-Governor of Saskatchewan (2007–2012)
* The Very Reverend Walter H. Farquharson: internationally noted hymnodist; former moderator of the United Church of Canada
* Ron Liepert, broadcaster, member of the Legislative Assembly of Alberta, Alberta cabinet minister, Member of Parliament
* Joan McCusker: gold medallist in curling (1998 Winter Olympics)
# Janez Vidic

Janez Vidic (8 February 1923 – 19 May 1996) was a Slovene painter and illustrator, best known for his oil paintings of landscapes and people as well as his murals.
Vidic was born in Ljubljana in 1923. During the Second World War he was imprisoned in the Gonars and Renicci di Anghiari concentration camps. In 1944 he joined the Slovene Partisans. After the war he studied art at the Academy of Fine Arts, Ljubljana and graduated in 1950.
He won the Levstik Award for his book illustrations three times: in 1950 for his illustrations of Mile Klopčič's Premagane zverine (Defeated Beasts), in 1951 for his illustrations for Matija Valjavec [sl]'s collection of stories Živalske pripovedke (Animal Tales) and in 1952 for the picture book Letni časi (The Seasons).
He received the Prešeren Foundation Award in 1977 for his paintings exhibited in Maribor in 1976.
# Franco Zennaro

Franco Zennaro (Italian pronunciation:; born 1 April 1993) is a Belgian footballer who currently plays for Sprimont Comblain Sport.
# Kincumber High School

Kincumber High School is a government-funded co-educational comprehensive secondary day school, located in Kincumber, in the Central Coast region of New South Wales, Australia.
Established in 1990, the school enrolled approximately 930 students in 2018, from Year 7 to Year 12, of whom five per cent identified as Indigenous Australians and one per cent were from a language background other than English. The school is operated by the NSW Department of Education; the principal is Brent Walker.
The land on which the school lays upon is Darkinjung land.
# Mandatory referendums in Switzerland

Switzerland employs mandatory referendums.
This type of referendum is utilized after an item has been passed by parliament and is then put to a vote. In contrast, an optional referendum is only held after a certain number of citizens or cantons request it.
At the federal level, Article 140, paragraph 1 of the Federal Constitution mandates compulsory voting on revisions to the Federal Constitution, the collective security organization membership (e.g., NATO), supranational communities (e.g., the EU), federal laws that lack a constitutional basis and are valid for more than a year (an emergency procedure). Article 140 paragraph 2 of the Federal Constitution mandates that only the people vote on certain matters, primarily as a component of the procedure for the comprehensive revision of the Federal Constitution.
At the cantonal level, each federated state's constitution regulates which matters necessitate a mandatory referendum. Consequently, there exist various scenarios. Nonetheless, all cantons must subject the revision of their constitution to a mandatory referendum (article 51). Some states also subject all state laws to a compulsory referendum, as well as any expense that exceeds a certain amount (referred to as a "financial" referendum).

## Referendum results

| Mandatory referendums | 1848-1950 | 1951-1980 | 1981-2020 (mar.) | Total |
| Accepted | 43 | 58 | 73 | 174 |
| Rejected | 20 | 17 | 29 | 66 |
| Total | 63 | 75 | 102 | 240 |
# Ángel Ortega

Ángel Ortega García (born 20 November 1989) is a Spanish footballer who plays as a right back.
# Harry Meacher

Harry Meacher is a British actor, director and playwright.

## Biography

Harry Meacher grew up in Hainault, near Chigwell, Essex. In his teens he worked with Joan Littlewood in Stratford and with James Cooper in Ilford. He won a scholarship to the Royal Academy of Dramatic Art, then performed at the Royal Court Theatre, in London's West End and at many leading regional venues. At the National Theatre he worked under Laurence Olivier, and later played Martin Dysart there during the run of the original production of Equus directed by John Dexter.
One of his early appearances as a leading actor was seen by Alec Guinness, who said to him afterwards, "You were very good. The Times said so. I read their review. And I know you did—because you were playing the review, rather than the part! Promise me you will stop reading reviews." Meacher stopped reading drama criticism.
Roles in Shakespeare included Pistol to Frank Middlemass's Falstaff, and Exton to Ian McKellen's Richard II. In the death scene at one performance, Exton's blade broke the skin on the King's back; McKellen appeared ready for the curtain call handing Meacher a stiff drink to help him get over it.
He also performed in Twelfth Night and A Midsummer Night's Dream.
His screen appearances have ranged from series including Dixon of Dock Green, The Scarlet Pimpernel, Softly Softly, Special Branch and The Troubleshooters to major films, including Trial By Combat, Transatlantis and Kannibal.
He has written and adapted plays which have been performed in London, and he toured the Mediterranean with his wife Judi Bowker in his own play The Brownings. His plays Buccaneer and A Haunting Twist have been seen in New York and elsewhere in America. He has toured capital cities in the Middle and Far East, Australia and New Zealand. His adaptations include works by Chekhov, Ibsen, Strindberg, Gorky and Dickens. With Kit Gerould he co-wrote The Sensualist which played at the Arts Theatre in London. He directed and performed in Uncle Vanya which won Time Out's Critics' Choice award. He has played the title roles in King Lear, Macbeth, Othello, Richard III, Ivanov, Shylock in The Merchant of Venice and Prospero in The Tempest. In his own adaptation from Conan Doyle, he portrayed Sherlock Holmes. He directed Hedda Gabler starring his wife Judi Bowker.
Over his many productions, he built up at North West London theatre venues and sometimes touring wider afield what was in effect the nucleus of a small-scale classical company, performing both Shakespeare and the later literary greats. As well as Judi Bowker, the team often included Georgia Cardy, Bryan Hands, Emily Holden, Adam Lewis, Seamus Newham, Tom Reah, Roger Sansom and Jonson Wilkinson.
He co-founded Coachhouse Films, whose work has been shown on television.

## Personal life

Meacher has been married to the actress Judi Bowker since 1979 and, as of 2017, have lived near – and worked in productions at – the Upstairs at the Gatehouse theatre in Highgate for decades.
# Maria Fernandes (Portuguese athlete)

Maria Fernandes (born 27 April 1969) is a Paralympic athlete from Portugal. She mainly competes in category T38 sprint events.
Fernandes competed in the 2000 Summer Paralympics in Sydney, Australia. There she won a bronze medal in the women's 400 metres - T38 event, finished fifth in the women's 100 metres - T38 event and finished seventh in the women's 200 metres - T38 event. She also competed at the 2008 Summer Paralympics in Beijing, China, where she went out in the first round of the women's 100 metres - T38 event and finished eighth in the women's 200 metres - T38 event.
In 2013, Fernandes again represented Portugal when she attended the IPC Athletics World Championships in Lyon, France. There she entered the long jump, finishing third to take the bronze medal.
# Masahiro Miki

Masahiro Miki (Japanese: 三木正浩; born 26 July 1955) is a Japanese billionaire businessman, and the founder and largest shareholder of Tokyo-based shoemaker ABC-Mart. Miki is of Korean descent.
In 1985, Miki founded shoe and apparel company Kokusai Boeki Shoji. The company was renamed ABC-Mart in 1990 and went public in 2002. Miki acted as chairman of the company from 2004 to 2007.
As of November 2025, Miki has an estimated net worth of $3.9 billion.
In addition to his business, Miki is also a successful racehorse owner, who owns several notable horses including Justin Milano (2024 Satsuki Shō) and Justin Palace [ja] (2024 Spring Tenno Sho).
# Columnaria

Columnaria is an extinct genus of rugose coral that lived from the Late Ordovician to the Late Devonian. Its remains have been found in Australia, Europe, and North America.

## Sources

* Columnaria at the Field Museum's Evolving Planet
# Machanbaw Township

Machanbaw Township (Burmese: မချမ်းဘောမြို့နယ်) is a township of Putao District in the Kachin State of Burma. The principal town is Machanbaw.
27°16′00″N 97°36′00″E﻿ / ﻿27.2667°N 97.6000°E﻿ / 27.2667; 97.6000
* This Kachin State location article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
# Jesse Wharton (Maryland governor)

Jesse Wharton (died 1676) was the 7th Proprietary Governor of Maryland during a brief period in 1676. He was appointed by the royally chartered proprietor of Maryland, Charles Calvert, 3rd Baron Baltimore. Following his death, Wharton was briefly succeeded by Cecil Calvert, infant son of Charles Calvert, before the next Governor, Thomas Notley, was appointed.

## Life

Wharton emigrated to Maryland from the English colony in Barbados in 1670. He quickly became a successful planter and politician in the colony, holding several political offices and amassing 11 slaves and more than 3,000 acres (1,200 ha) before his death only six years after his arrival. Once in the colony, Wharton married Elizabeth Sewall, the daughter of a politically prominent local settler named Henry Sewall. Wharton became a member of the Governor's Council in 1672 and became the Deputy Governor in 1676, with de facto gubernatorial authority, for a brief period before his death. At the time, the nominal Governor of the colony was Cecil Calvert, the infant son of the colony's proprietor. In reality, the Governor's Council led by Wharton ruled the colony, and he is listed by the Maryland State Archives as having been a colonial governor. Wharton's appointment passed over four more senior members of the council, including Philip Calvert.
The appointment came at a dangerous time for the colony, when threats from both within and outside its settlers loomed. Settlers on the western shore feared an attack from hostile Native Americans, and earlier that year the colony had armed some friendly tribes in preparation for just such an eventuality. Next door in Virginia, Bacon's Rebellion threatened the colonial order itself. These twin crises reached a peak in July, when the rebellion in Virginia succeeded in toppling its colonial government and settlers on the western shore were warned to arm themselves against an imminent native attack. In the midst of this crisis, and only a little more than a month after assuming office, Wharton died. He had only governed the colony from Charles Calvert's departure on June 16, 1676, until he named Thomas Notley as his successor just prior to his death in July of the same year. Upon his death, he left behind one son, Henry Wharton, and his wife, Elizabeth. She later remarried a man named William Digges.
# Fries Deschilder

Fries Deschilder (born 15 September 1992) is a Belgian footballer who plays for Sint-Eloois-Winkel.

## Career
### Club Brugge

Deschilder joined Club Brugge at the age of 14 and progressed through the ranks at the club's youth level and in 2011, he signed a professional contract for three-years set to expire on 30 June 2014. He made his debut for Brugge in a 5–0 win against Westerlo coming on a substitute in 85th minute coming on for Niki Zimling. His second appearance came in the 1–1 draw against Zulte-Waregem when he came on in the 32nd minute replacing Víctor Vázquez. His last appearance of the 2011–12 season came in the 1–1 draw against Beerschot, where he came on as a substitute yet again this time coming on for Lior Refaelov in the 85th minute. Eighteen days later, Deschilder got his first experience of European football against Birmingham City in the Europa League (2–1 defeat), coming on as a substitute in the 82nd minute replacing Jonathan Blondel.

### Eindhoven

In August 2012, Deschilder joined Dutch side FC Eindhoven on a season-long loan. He made his official debut for the club in the 1–0 loss against Veendam, coming on during the 46th minute for Rob van Boekel. On the third matchday he was allowed to come on again, this time in the 70th minute against Cambuur. It took until the end of September before he was allowed to make an appearance again, this time in the KNVB Cup against JVC Cuijk, where he came on in the 75th minute. On 23 November 2011, he made his first start, and also received his first yellow card for the club. Two weeks later he made another start against AGOVV. Already after 12 minutes he scored in that match and thus scored the first goal of his professional career, although the match ended in a humiliating 1–6 defeat. The following week he was also in the starting line-up and played his first full match for the team.

### Sint-Eloois-Winkel

In July 2018, Deschilder signed with Sint-Eloois-Winkel Sport in the fourth-tier Belgian Second Amateur Division.

## International

Deschilder has been capped at Belgium U18 level.
# HD 40307 d

HD 40307 d is an extrasolar planet orbiting the star HD 40307, located 42 light-years from Earth in the direction of the southern constellation Pictor. The planet was discovered by the radial velocity method, using the HARPS apparatus in June 2008. It is the most massive of the six proposed planets in the system. The planet is of interest as this star has relatively low metallicity, supporting a hypothesis that different metallicities in protostars determine what kind of planets they will form.

## Discovery

HD 40307 d was discovered through the Doppler spectroscopy method, which functions by measuring the variations in radial velocity in a star produced by the gravitational effect of orbiting exoplanets. The radial velocities were measured by the High Accuracy Radial Velocity Planet Searcher spectrography system (HARPS) at the La Silla Observatory in Chile's Atacama Desert. The other less massive planets orbiting HD 40307 were discovered in the same way: HD 40307 b and HD 40307 c first, and then HD 40307 e, HD 40307 f, and HD 40307 g. The discovery of HD 40307 d and the former two was announced at the astrophysics conference that took place on June 16–18, 2008 in Nantes, France.

## Orbit and mass

HD 40307 d has a mass of at least 9.2 times Earth's; assuming that all planets in the system have coplanar orbits, it is the most massive planet known in the system. The planet orbits approximately 0.135 astronomical units from its primary star, as compared to Earth's orbit at approximately one astronomical unit away from the Sun. As a result, one year on HD 40307 d constitutes approximately 20.45 Earth days. The eccentricity of the planet's orbit was found to not differ significantly from zero, meaning that there is insufficient data to distinguish the orbit from an entirely circular one.
The star around which HD 40307 d orbits has an unusually low metallicity compared to that of other planet-bearing stars. This supports a hypothesis concerning the possibility that the metallicity of stars during their births may determine whether a protostar's accretion disk forms gas giants or terrestrial planets.

## Characteristics

The planet has not been found to transit and, further, it is not likely to. It has also not been imaged. More specific physical characteristics such as radius, composition, and average surface temperature cannot be observed.
A dynamical study of planets b, c, and d showed tidal effects at least on b and c, to the extent that b had to be a sub-Neptune. All the planets from b to at least f must have migrated inward. That study implied that d was a sub-Neptune as well.
As such strong tidal forces often result in the destruction of larger natural satellites in planets orbiting close to a star, it is unlikely that HD 40307 d hosts any satellites.
# Theodor Eyrich

Theodor Eyrich (29 May 1893 – 9 October 1979) was a Danish rower. He competed at the 1912 Summer Olympics and the 1920 Summer Olympics.
# Danailov

Danailov (Bulgarian: Данаилов, masculine) or Danailova (Bulgarian: Данаилова, feminine) is a Bulgarian surname derived from the personal name Danail. Notable people with the surname include:
* Silvio Danailov (born 1961), Bulgarian chess player and manager
* Stefan Danailov (1942–2019), Bulgarian actor and politician
* Dobromira Danailova (born 1995), Bulgarian recurve archer
# Eduardo Guelfenbein

Eduardo Guelfenbein (born 16 June 1953) is a painter who was born in Santiago, Chile, educated in England and Italy, who has lived in Paris, France, since 2003. He started out as a figurative painter and was led to abstraction in late 2000.

## Biography

Eduardo Guelfenbein was born in Santiago, Chile, to parents of Russian and Polish origin. He attended Embley Park School, Hampshire, UK (1965–1969) and King's School, Rochester, Kent, UK (1969–1971). In 1971 he realized the backdrops for Tim Rice and Andrew Lloyd Webber's musical Joseph and the Amazing Technicolor Dreamcoat at Rochester Cathedral's first musical presentation.
In 1973–1977 he studied fine arts at the Accademia di Belle Arti Brera, Milan, Italy, graduating with the Diploma di Licenza Accademia in 1977. In 1978, he moved to Sydney, Australia. In 1985, he returned to Europe, settling between Milan and Paris where he resides as of 2016.
His work has appeared in exhibitions internationally, including a solo exhibition at the Museum of Contemporary Art of Santiago in 1997.
# Comura

Comura is a trilobite in the order Phacopida that existed during the lower Devonian in what is now Eifel, Germany. It was described by Richter and Richter in 1926, and the type species is Comura cometa, originally under the genus Cryphaeus by Richter in 1909.
# A Fire in the Woods (Grandma Moses)

A Fire in the Woods is a 1947 oil painting by the American outsider painter Grandma Moses, produced at age 87 and signed "Moses". It has been in the collection of the National Gallery of Art since 1999.
It shows a scene of the artist's impression of a forest fire, with figures rushing towards the scene as well as watching.
# Macron

Macron may refer to:

## People

* Emmanuel Macron (born 1977), president of France since 2017
* Brigitte Macron (born 1953), French teacher, wife of Emmanuel Macron
* Jean-Michel Macron (born 1950), French professor of neurology, father of Emmanuel Macron
* Ptolemy Macron (fl. 2nd century BCE), Seleucid general and governor

## Science

* Macron (gastropod), a genus of sea snails
* Macron (physics), high-energy particle

## Typography

* Macron (diacritic), a straight bar placed over a letter
* Macron below, a macron placed below a letter
* Overline, a horizontal line over two or more letters, sometimes mistakenly called a macron

## Other

* Macron (sportswear), an Italian sportswear manufacturer
* Macron Stadium, a former name of University of Bolton Stadium, home to Bolton Wanderers F.C. in Horwich, Lancashire, England
* Macron 1, the name of the North American version of GoShogun, a Japanese anime series
* Macron (TV series), a Russian comedy TV series
# Charles Mitchell (legal scholar)

Charles Christopher James Mitchell FBA KC (Hon) (born 14 May 1965) is a British legal scholar acknowledged as one of the leading common-law experts on the English law of restitution of unjust enrichment and the law of trusts. He is the author of two leading textbooks and one practitioner's book. He is currently Professor of Law at University College London and Senior Associate Research Fellow at the Institute of Advanced Legal Studies.

## Career

Mitchell completed his PhD at University College London and was supervised by Peter Birks. Until 2008 he worked at King's College London, before spending a year as Professor of Property Law at Jesus College, Oxford.
Mitchell was also previously general editor of the King's Law Journal.

## Personal life

In April 1992, Mitchell married The Honourable Dr Charlotte Lennox-Boyd, daughter of Simon Lennox-Boyd, 2nd Viscount Boyd of Merton and the former Alice Clive. Dr Charlotte Mitchell is Honorary Senior Lecturer at UCL's Department of English. They have three children.

## Honours

In July 2017, Mitchell was elected a Fellow of the British Academy (FBA), the United Kingdom's national academy for the humanities and social sciences.

## Publications
### Books

* Goff and Jones on the Law of Unjust Enrichment (9th edn Sweet & Maxwell 2016) (editor with Stephen Watterson and Paul Mitchell)
* Hayton and Mitchell's Commentary and Cases on the Law of Trusts and Equitable Remedies (13th edn Sweet & Maxwell 2010)
* Landmark Cases in the Law of Contract (Hart, 2008), Ch.13, Johnson v Agnew (with Paul Mitchell)
* Landmark Cases in the Law of Restitution (Hart, 2006), essays on legal history. (with Paul Mitchell)
* Subrogation: Law and Practice (OUP, 2007) Ed. (with Stephen Watterson)
* Underhill and Hayton's Law Relating to Trusts and Trustees (Butterworths, 2006) 17th edn (winner of the Society of Trusts and Estates Practitioners’ Book of the Year Award for 2007 (with David Hayton and Paul Matthews)
* The Law of Contribution and Reimbursement (OUP, 2003)

### Articles

* ‘Recovery of Compound Interest as Restitution or Damages’ (2008) 71 Modern Law Review 290
* ‘Liability Chains’ in Simone Degeling and James Edelman (eds) Restitution in Commercial Law (Thomson, 2008)
# Nienstädt

Nienstädt is a municipality in the district of Schaumburg, in Lower Saxony, Germany. It is situated approximately 4 km southwest of Stadthagen, and 17 km east of Minden.
Nienstädt is part of the Samtgemeinde ("collective municipality") Nienstädt.

## Geography

Nienstädt lies on the northern slopes of the Bückeberge between Bückeburg and Stadthagen on the B 65 federal highway.
The four parishes in the municipality are Sülbeck, Liekwegen, Wackerfeld and Meinefeld. While Sülbeck and Nienstädt are bisected by the B 65, Liekwegen runs along the Bückeberg as a ribbon village. Wackerfeld and Meinefeld lie in open country north of Nienstädt.
Neighbouring communities (clockwise) are the towns of Stadthagen and Obernkirchen and the village of Helpsen.