OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Belfry of Tournai

The Belfry of Tournai (French: Beffroi de Tournai) is a freestanding bell tower of medieval origin in Tournai, Belgium, 72 metres (236 ft) in height with a 256-step stairway. This landmark building is one of a set of Belfries of Belgium and France registered on the UNESCO World Heritage List in recognition of their civic architecture and importance in the rise of municipal power in Europe.

## History

Construction of the belfry began around 1188 when King Philip Augustus of France granted Tournai its town charter, conferring among other privileges the right to mount a communal bell to ring out signals to the townsfolk.
The tower in its original form was evocative of the feudal keep, with a square cross section and crenelated parapet. It served in part as a watchtower for spotting fires and enemies. The growing city saw fit to expand the belfry in 1294, raising it by an additional stage, and buttressing its corners with four polygonal towerlets. A soldier statue was placed atop each towerlet, and a dragon icon surmounted the entire structure. The dragon, symbol of power and vigilance, also adorns other old tower tops in Belgium, including those of the Cloth Hall of Ypres and the Belfry of Ghent.
A fire damaged the building in 1391. In the period 1392 - 1400 the belfry was repaired. The city obtained new bells to replace the ruined ones, and affixed gilded decorations to the newly restored top part of the tower: mermen, banners, and a new dragon. The largest bell of this period, called Bancloque, and the fire bell or Timbre, have been preserved to this day. A carillon was added in 1535.
In addition to its other roles, the belfry also served as a jail; some of its chambers housed prisoners until 1827.
The building underwent a major restoration in the mid-19th century. Another renovation campaign began in 1992, and lasted roughly a decade.
# Omi

Omi or OMI may refer to:

## Organisations

* Optical Mechanics, Inc., a US telescope company
* Ottico Meccanica Italiana, an Italian company
* Original Musical Instrument Company, manufacturers of resonator guitars
* Open Music Initiative, a digital rights framework for the music industry
* OMI Rotterdam, a foundation from Rotterdam
* Missionary Oblates of Mary Immaculate, a Catholic missionary order

## Places

* Omi Shrine, in Ōtsu, Shiga Prefecture, Japan
* Ōmi Province, a former province of Japan
* Omi, Nagano, a village in Japan
* Omidiyeh Air Base (IATA code: OMI), Iran

## Science and technology

* HtrA serine peptidase 2 (symbol: OMI), an enzyme encoded by the HTRA2 gene
* Oocyte maturation inhibitor, created by follicular cells
* Ozone monitoring instrument, on the AURA satellite
* Outer, Middle and Inner, types of VHF marker beacon used in navigation

### Computing

* OMI cryptograph, a cipher machine produced by Ottico Meccanica Italiana
* Open Management Infrastructure, an open-source CIM/WBEM management server
* Original Machine Interface, an instruction format used in the IBM i operating system
* Open Memory Interface, used for example in IBM Power10

## People

* Omi (singer) (born 1986), Jamaican reggae singer
* Omi (given name), including a list of name-holders
* Kōji Omi (尾身 幸次, born 1932), Japanese politician
* Takayuki Omi (近江 孝行, born 1982), Japanese footballer
* Yusuke Omi (近江 友介, born 1946), Japanese football player
* Toshinori Omi (尾美 としのり, born 1965), Japanese actor
* Toshiya Omi (尾身 俊哉, born 1995), Japanese footballer
* Shigeru Omi (尾身 茂, born 1949), President of the Japan Community Health Care Organization
* Tomoe Ohmi (近江 知永, born 1982), Japanese singer and voice actress
* Ōmi no Mifune (淡海三船, 722—785), Japanese scholar and writer
* Yukitaka Omi (小見 幸隆, born 1952), is a former Japanese football player
* Yurie Omi (born 1988), Japanese television announcer and news anchor

## Other uses

* Eight Views of Ōmi, traditional scenic views of Ōmi Province
* Omi (title), an ancient Japanese hereditary title
* Ōmi Code, a collection of laws compiled in 668AD in classical Japan
* Omi, protagonist of the animated TV series Xiaolin Showdown
* Omi language, spoken in the Democratic Republic of the Congo
# Henrik Norby

Henrik Norby (18 March 1889 – 28 October 1964) was a Norwegian modern pentathlete. He competed at the 1912 Summer Olympics.
# Slow Motion Apocalypse

Slow Motion Apocalypse is the second studio album by Grotus, released on April 20, 1993, by Alternative Tentacles. Boasting eastern music influences and a more mature sound, the album is considered by some to be the highlight of their career, despite Allmusic considering Brown their best album pick. The album also leans towards a more metal sound, unlike the first and last releases.

## Release and reception

Trouser Press noted that the album contains "the alluring music of Luddite and a judicious bit of the sampling activity of Brown" and "Middle Eastern flavor that conjures images of an armor-plated belly dancer."

### Accolades

| Publication | Country | Accolade | Year | Rank |
| Tip | Germany | "Albums of the Year" (Thomas Weiland) | 1993 | 7 |
| Kerrang! | United Kingdom | "Albums of the Year" | 1993 | 14 |

## Track listing

All lyrics are written by Lars Fox; all music is composed by Grotus, except "Good Evening" by Lars Fox and "Slow Motion Apocalypse" by Adam Tanner

## Personnel

Adapted from the Slow Motion Apocalypse liner notes.

## Release history

| Region | Date | Label | Format | Catalog |
| United States | 1993 | Alternative Tentacles | CD, CS, LP | Virus 118 |
# Mahika Kandanala

Mahika Kandanala (born 6 August 2001) is an American cricketer. In August 2019, she was named in United States' squad for the 2019 ICC Women's World Twenty20 Qualifier tournament in Scotland. She made her Women's Twenty20 International (WT20I) debut for the United States women's cricket team on 5 September 2019, against the Netherlands in the 2019 ICC Women's World Twenty20 Qualifier.
In February 2021, she was named in the Women's National Training Group by the USA Cricket Women's National Selectors ahead of the 2021 Women's Cricket World Cup Qualifier and the 2021 ICC Women's T20 World Cup Americas Qualifier tournaments. In October 2021, she was named in the American team for the 2021 Women's Cricket World Cup Qualifier tournament in Zimbabwe.
# Duck Creek Formation

The Duck Creek Formation is a geologic formation in Texas. It preserves fossils dating back to the Cretaceous period.

## Invertebrate Paleofauna

* Neithia
* Gryphaea
* Eopachydiscus
       E. marcianus
       E. laevicanaliculatum
* Mortoniceras
       M. equidistans
       M. fortworthens
* Idohamites fredmonti
* Macraster

## Vertebrate Paleofauna

* Leptostyrax macrorhiza
* Reidus hilli
# Portrait of Monsignor Della Casa

Portrait of Monsignor Della Casa (previously known as Portrait of Niccolò Ardinghelli) is a c. 1541-1544 oil on panel by Pontormo, now in the National Gallery of Art in Washington, D.C. Previously identified as Niccolò Ardinghelli, it is now thought to show Giovanni della Casa, author of Galateo.
At the start of the 20th century it was in marquess Bargagli's collection in Florence, before being sold in Paris in 1909, with an attribution to Sebastiano del Piombo. It passed through the hands of various owners before being acquired in 1922, by Alessandro Contini Bonacossi, who sold it on to the Samuel H. Kress Foundation in 1952, who finally gave it to its present owner in 1961.
# Durjachay

Durjachay (Azerbaijani: Durcaçay), or Durujachay also known as Durja — is a mountain river located in the Gabala district of Azerbaijan, the right tributary of the Damiraparanchay.

## Details

The river, about 6 km long, originates from Mount Peygambarbulak at an altitude of about 2800 m and, flowing from north to south, flows into the Damiraparanchay river near the village of Kusnet. The village Durja is located on the Durjachay river.
In the upper drains of the Durjachay river there is a waterfall 35 m high. Also in the valley of the Durjachay river there is a large mudflow boulder with a volume of 53 m³.
In the river valley, the Lower Balakan sub-formation of the Duruja horst-anticlinorium is traced, descending to the west of the river beyond the Mount Girdagdzha. In this lane, it is distinguished by the Lower Aalenian ammonite Leioceras costosum Guensi and numerous Posidonia buchi Roem.
# Liangyou Group

Liangyou Group, also known as Shanghai Liangyou Group Company Limited (Chinese: 上海良友集团有限公司), is the largest state-owned food company in Shanghai and the sixth largest in China. Founded in 1998, it has more than 20 subsidiaries or affiliates. Its business is mainly in the field of food and oil storage, wholesale and processing, domestic and foreign bulk trade, import and export, chain sales, assets management and entity investment. Five of its brands are officially recognized as famous brands of Shanghai: Lehui rice, Haishi refined oil, Seagull condiment, Xuege flour and Weidu noodles.
In 2015, Liangyou Group was the 275th largest industrial company in China, with a revenue of 22.4 billion yuan.
# Dufrenoyia

Dufrenoyia is an extinct genus of Cretaceous ammonites included in the family Parahoplitidae. These fast-moving nektonic carnivores lived in the Cretaceous period (Aptian age). The type species of the genus is Ammonites dufrenoyi.

## Species

* Dufrenoyia codazziana Karsten, 1886
* Dufrenoyia dufrenoyi d'Orbigny, 1840
* Dufrenoyia furcata Sowerby, 1836
* Dufrenoyia justinae Hill, 1893

## Distribution

Fossils of species within this genus have been found in the Cretaceous sediments of Germany, Mexico, Morocco, Spain, the United Kingdom, United States, Colombia and Venezuela.
# Pavel Lebedev

Pavel Andreyevich Lebedev (Russian: Павел Андреевич Лебедев; born 12 December 1982) is a Russian former pair skater. With Natalia Shestakova, he is the 2004 World Junior Champion. Earlier, he competed with Maria Mukhortova and Svetlana Nikolaeva.

## Programs
### With Shestakova

| Season | Short program | Free skating |
| 2005–2006 | The Nutcracker by Pyotr Tchaikovsky | Piano Concerto by Camille Saint-Saëns |
| 2004–2005 | Arabic Mix by V. Selvaganesh | Xotica (from Cirque du Soleil) by Rene Dupere |
| 2003–2004 | The Seventh Bullet | The Matrix by Rob Dougan |

### With Mukhortova

| Season | Short program | Free skating |
| 2002–2003 | Gospodin Oformitel | Lawrence of Arabia by Maurice Jarre |
| 2001–2002 | The Matrix by various artists | Lord of the Dance by Ronan Hardiman Secret Garden Lord of the Dance by Ronan Hardiman |

### With Nikolaeva

| Season | Short program | Free skating |
| 2000–2001 | Diva by Jean Michel Jarre The 5th Element by Eric Serra | Lord of the Dance by Ronan Hardiman Nocturne by Secret Garden Adagio by Secret Garden |

## Competitive highlights
### With Shestakova

Results :
| International ||||
| Event | 2003–2004 | 2004–2005 | 2005–2006 |
| GP Bompard | | | 5th |
| GP Cup of China | | | 5th |
| GP Cup of Russia | | 9th | |
| GP NHK Trophy | | 6th | |
| International: Junior ||||
| Junior Worlds | 1st | | |
| JGP Final | 2nd | | |
| JGP Bulgaria | 1st | | |
| JGP Slovenia | 2nd | | |
| National ||||
| Russian Champ. | 5th | 5th | 4th |
| Russian Jr. Champ. | 2nd | | |
| GP = Grand Prix; JGP = Junior Grand Prix ||||

### With Mukhortova

Results :
| International |||
| Event | 2001–02 | 2002–03 |
| Universiade | | 2nd |
| International: Junior |||
| Junior Worlds | 4th | 4th |
| JGP Final | 8th | 8th |
| JGP Czech | 1st | |
| JGP Germany | | 2nd |
| JGP Serbia | | 1st |
| JGP Sweden | 3rd | |
| National |||
| Russian Champ. | | 5th |
| Russian Jr. Champ. | 3rd | 3rd |
| J. = Junior level; JGP = Junior Grand Prix |||

### With Nikolaeva

Results :
| International: Junior |||
| Event | 1999–2000 | 2000–2001 |
| Junior Worlds | | 7th |
| JGP Final | | 4th |
| JGP France | | 2nd |
| JGP Germany | | 2nd |
| National |||
| Russian Jr. Champ. | 5th | 3rd |
| JGP = Junior Grand Prix |||
# Principality of Wy

The Principality of Wy is a claimed micronation in Australia that is located in the Sydney suburb of Mosman.
In 2004 Paul Delprat claimed to secede from Mosman and develop his own micronation in response to a lengthy dispute with the local council government. After 20 years of seeking planning permission, he lost his appeal in 2013.

## History

In 1993 the Delprat family applied to build a driveway to their house over an unbuilt road, leading to a long-running battle with the Mosman council that they eventually lost. Eventually, on 15 November 2004, Paul Delprat claimed to secede from Mosman, although not from Australia, claiming that he was a prince of the Principality of Wy.
The community has been noted by international and local news outlets, including Sky News, The Daily Telegraph UK, The Sydney Morning Herald, The Daily Telegraph (Sydney), The National (Abu Dhabi) and the Kuwait Times. However, there is still no local, national or international recognition of the community.
Delprat attended the first Australian conference of micronation leaders on Dangar Island in 2010, which was sponsored by Macquarie University.

## Contribution to the arts

The community is an active patron of art and sponsors an art prize. Representatives from the principality have also been invited to open exhibitions and give talks in the local community and throughout the state. Art reviews and articles have appeared in art society newsletters and are published on the Principality of Wy website in support of local and renowned artists. Private exhibitions are held within the principality by invitation and public exhibitions are open at the embassy in Georges Heights, featuring works by new and emerging artists.

## In popular culture

Wy is a character in the Japanese web comic, manga, and anime series Hetalia: Axis Powers about anthropomorphic nations and micronations. Wy is depicted as a young girl of small stature who has been stated to be artistically gifted. On 13 September 2010, Prince Paul of Wy posted a painting on his blog of the character. While there was originally no direct reference to Hetalia in the post itself, it is likely that he was informed of the character's existence. Later, the post was updated naming the series itself.
# Franz Stuhlmann

Franz Ludwig Stuhlmann (29 October 1863 – 19 November 1928) was a German naturalist, zoologist and African explorer, born in Hamburg.

## Biography

Stuhlmann was born and grew up in Hamburg where his father was an architect. He took a great interest in natural history while at school and went on to study natural sciences at Tübingen and Freiburg, earning his doctorate at the latter. Concentrating on zoology, he also undertook studies at the University of Kiel before being employed as a demonstrator at the Zoological Institute of Würzburg in 1887. He did not stay long, however, but left Germany the following year on what would be the first voyage in a long series of expeditions. He carried on his work well beyond retirement age and contracted cancer and died in November 1928 following an operation.

## Expeditions

After studying at Tübingen and Freiburg, he went to East Africa in 1888, and during the revolt of the Arabs in 1890 entered the German corps of defense as a lieutenant, and was severely wounded at Lembula. After his recovery he joined the expedition of Emin Pasha to the lake region, was sent ahead from Undussuma to Lake Victoria, and reached the coast in July, 1892, at Bagamoyo, whence he returned to Germany with valuable cartographic material and rich collections, to which he added copiously on another trip to German East Africa, undertaken in 1893-94 by order of the government. In 1908-10 he was secretary of the Colonial Institute in Hamburg.

## Taxon named in his honor

Stuhlmann is remembered in the scientific names of a great many African plants, e.g., Warburgia stuhlmannii, Allanblackia stuhlmannii, Ficus stuhlmannii, and mammals, e.g., Cercopithecus mitis stuhlmanni.
Also, a species of African snake, Prosymna stuhlmanni, is named in his honor.
A fish, Alestes stuhlmannii is named in his honor by Georg Johann Pfeffer.
The Kingani mormyrid, Petrocephalus stuhlmanni Boulenger, 1909, is a species of electric fish in the family Mormyridae, found only in the Ruvu River and Wami in Tanzania.

## Publications

His publications include:
* Zoologische Ergebnisse einer in die Küstengebiete von Ostafrika unternommenen Reise 1888-90 (1893–1901)
* Mit Emin Pascha ins Herz von Afrika (1894)
* Beiträge zur Kulturgeschichte von Ostafrika (1909)
# Gingell

Gingell or Gyngell is a last name of English origin from the county of Wiltshire, in the west country of England.
The name is probably of Anglo-Saxon origin, from one of the estimated seven to ten thousand villages and hamlets that have disappeared in Britain. The placename itself may mean "Ginge Dale" or "the hill or valley of the people of Gaeging", from the personal name derived from the Old English pre 7th-century "gaegan", to turn aside, and the Old English "hyll", a hill, or the Old English "dael", valley. The first recorded spelling of the family name is shown to be that of Michael de Gingedale, which was dated 1273, in the "Hundred Rolls of Wiltshire", during the reign of King Edward 1, 1272–1307.
Notable people with the surname include:
* Albert Gingell (1883–1947), British wrestler who competed at the 1908 Summer Olympics
* Allan Gyngell (1946/1947–2023), Australian public servant and diplomat
* Bruce Gyngell (1929–2000), Australian television executive
* David Gyngell (born 1966), CEO of Australia's Channel Nine television network
* Denise Gyngell (born 1961), British singer, actress and model
* Fred Gingell (1930–1999), English-born Canadian politician
* Glenn Gingell (born 1953), Australian rules footballer
* Harry Gingell (1916–1993), Australian rules footballer
* John Gingell (1925–2009), senior Royal Air Force commander
* Judy Gingell (born 1946), aboriginal Canadian politician
* Kym Gyngell (born 1952), Australian comedian and actor
* Ron Gingell (1920–1988), English footballer and football manager
* Skye Gyngell (born 1963), Australian chef
* William Bruce Gingell (1819–1899), British architect
# Gary Wellman

Gary James Wellman (born August 9, 1967) is a former professional American football wide receiver in the National Football League (NFL). He was drafted in the fifth round of the 1991 NFL Draft by the Houston Oilers. Wellman played college football at the University of Southern California, where he caught 110 passes for 1,819 yards and 13 touchdowns. As a senior, Wellman was the PAC-10's top receiver with 66 receptions for 1,015 yards and 5 scores. He played three seasons for the Houston Oilers. He played little during his first and last season, but caught 31 passes in his second year when thrust into the starting line-up to replace the injured Webster Slaughter. He also caught 6 passes for 80 yards in their playoff loss to the Kansas City Chiefs.
# Dusebach

Dusebach is a river of Hesse, Germany. It flows into the Mühlenwasser near Wolfhagen.
# Machiel Brandenburg

Machiel Brandenburg (4 May 1907 in Rotterdam – 30 May 1984 in Cape Town) was a painter and drawing artist.
Brandenburg studied until 1929 at the Academie van Beeldende Kunsten en Technische Wetenschappen, now the Willem de Kooning Academy. He worked in the Netherlands, initially in Rotterdam (1933) and thereafter in Hilversum.
He married Christina Maria Klijn in April 1941 and had three children, namely Marianne (born January 16, 1942), Jan (born January 10, 1944) and Hannelore (born June 4, 1947).
In April 1953 he emigrated to Cape Town, South Africa. In South Africa he taught art at the Jan van Riebeeck High School and Tygerberg High School, both in Cape Town as well as the Michaelis School of Fine Art
# Mu Ursae Majoris

Mu Ursae Majoris (μ Ursae Majoris, abbreviated Mu UMa, μ UMa), formally named Tania Australis /ˈteɪniə ɔːˈstreɪlɪs/, is a binary star in the constellation of Ursa Major. An apparent visual magnitude of +3.06 places it among the brighter members of the constellation. Parallax measurements give an estimated distance of roughly 230 light-years (71 parsecs) from the Sun, with a margin of error of 4%.

## Stellar system

Mu Ursae Majoris is an evolved star that is currently in the red giant stage with a stellar classification of M0 IIIab. It has expanded to 75 times the radius of the Sun whilst the outer atmosphere has cooled to an effective temperature of 3,899 K, giving it the orange-red hued glow of an M-type star. Estimates of the luminosity range from 977–1,200 times that of the Sun. It is classified as a suspected variable star with a brightness variation from magnitude 2.99$^m$ to 3.33$^m$.
This is a spectroscopic binary star system with a companion a mere 0.2 AU from the primary, assuming a distance of 71 parsecs, with an orbital period of 230 days.

## Nomenclature

μ Ursae Majoris (Latinised to Mu Ursae Majoris) is the star's Bayer designation.
It bore the traditional names Tania (shared with Lambda Ursae Majoris) and Tania Australis. Tania comes from the Arabic phrase Al Fiḳrah al Thānia 'the Second Spring (of the Gazelle)'. and Australis (originally australis) is Latin for 'the south side'. In 2016, the International Astronomical Union organized a Working Group on Star Names (WGSN) to catalog and standardize proper names for stars. The WGSN's first bulletin of July 2016 included a table of the first two batches of names approved by the WGSN; which included Tania Australis for this star.
In Chinese, 三台 (Sān Tái), meaning Three Steps, refers to an asterism consisting of Mu Ursae Majoris, Iota Ursae Majoris, Kappa Ursae Majoris, Lambda Ursae Majoris, Nu Ursae Majoris and Xi Ursae Majoris. Consequently, the Chinese name for Mu Ursae Majoris itself is 中台二 (Zhōng Tái èr, English: Star of Second Middle Step).
# Central District (Dargazin County)

The Central District of Dargazin County (Persian: بخش مرکزی شهرستان درگزین) is in Hamadan province, Iran. Its capital is the city of Qorveh-ye Dargazin, whose population at the time of the 2016 National Census was 9,540 people in 2,973 households.

## History

After the 2016 census, Qorveh-ye Darjazin District was separated from Razan County in the establishment of Dargazin County, which was divided into two districts of two rural districts each, with Qorveh-ye Dargazin as its capital.

## Demographics
### Administrative divisions

Central District (Dargazin County) :
* Administrative Divisions
* Dargazin-e Gharbi RD
* Dargazin-e Sofla RD
* Qorveh-ye Dargazin (city)
* RD = Rural District