OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Fernão Gomes

Fernão Gomes (15th century) was a Portuguese merchant and explorer from Lisbon, possibly the son of Tristão Gomes de Brito.
In 1469, King Afonso V of Portugal granted him the monopoly of trade in the Gulf of Guinea. Besides the payment of an annual rent of 200,000 reais, Gomes was to explore 100 leagues of the coast of Africa per year, for five years (later the agreement would be extended for another year). He also received a monopoly of trade in guinea pepper for another yearly payment of 100,000 reais (then called "malagueta", it was a popular substitute for black pepper).
Gomes employed explorers João de Santarém, Pedro Escobar, Lopo Gonçalves, Fernão do Pó and Pedro de Sintra, He exceeded the requirements of his grant: his expeditions reached the Cape of Santa Catarina, already in the Southern Hemisphere, and also the islands of the Gulf of Guinea.
In 1471 they reached Elmina (meaning "the Mine"), where they found a thriving alluvial gold trade. With the substantial revenues he got, especially the trade of his warehouse in Mina, he became known as "Fernão Gomes da Mina" in 1474.
With his profits from African trade, Fernão Gomes assisted the Portuguese king in the conquests of Asilah, Alcácer Ceguer, and Tangier in Morocco, where he was knighted. Later, in 1478, gathering honors and with an enormous influence on the economy of the kingdom, he was appointed to the royal council.
Given the large profits, in 1482 new King John II of Portugal ordered a factory to be built in Elmina, to manage the local gold industry: Elmina Castle.
Gomes married Catarina Leme, an illegitimate child of the Flemish-Portuguese merchant Martim Leme. Martin Leme was the son of Martin Lems and his noble Portuguese wife Joana Barroso. They had two children. Catarina Leme married João Rodrigues Pais. Nuno Fernandes da Mina married Isabel Queimado and Violante de Brito.
# Algeria–Colombia relations

Algeria–Colombia relations are the bilateral relations between Algeria and Colombia. Both countries are members of Group of 24, Non-Aligned Movement, Group of 77 and the United Nations.

## History

Algeria and Colombia established diplomatic relations on January 1, 1979. The embassy of Colombia in Algiers was opened in 1983, but due to severe budgetary reasons, Colombia closed its embassy in Algeria on February 7, 1994. In 1995, Algeria opened its embassy in Colombia. Colombia reopened its embassy in Algiers on February 5, 2014. On November 15, 2023, Colombian president Gustavo Petro supported Algeria in filing a complaint against the Gaza genocide caused by Israel.

## High-level visits

High-level visits from Colombia to Algeria
* President Ernesto Samper (1997)
* Minister of Foreign Affairs María Ángela Holguín (2013)

## Bilateral agreements

The two countries have signed several bilateral agreements such as a Trade Agreement between the Government of the Republic of Colombia and the Democratic and Popular Republic of Algeria (1991); Commercial Agreement between the Government of the Democratic and Popular Republic of Algeria and the Government of the Republic of Colombia (1997); Brotherhood Agreement between the cities of Cherchell and Cartagena (1997); Cultural Cooperation Agreement between the Government of the Republic of Colombia and the Government of the Democratic and Popular Republic of Algeria (2007); Memorandum of Understanding on the Promotion of Foreign Trade between Proexport and Algex (National Agency for the Promotion of Foreign Trade of Algeria) (2013); Visa Exemption Agreement for Diplomatic and Official Passports (2013) and a Memorandum of Understanding on Technical Cooperation between Colombia and Algeria (2014).

## Trade

In 2022, Algeria exported $47.9M to Colombia. The products exported from Algeria to Colombia included nitrogenous fertilizers ($17.2M), semi-finished iron ($14.9M), and cement ($11.3M). Colombia exported $1.42M to Algeria. The products exported from Colombia to Algeria consisted of bananas ($898k), coffee ($468k), and raw sugar ($29k).

## Diplomatic missons

* Algeria has an embassy in Bogotá.
* Colombia has an embassy in Algiers.
# Ishani Senanayake

Ishani Senanayake (born 13 August 1995) is a Sri Lankan swimmer. She competed in the women's 200 metre freestyle event at the 2017 World Aquatics Championships.
# Herrera v. Wyoming

Herrera v. Wyoming, No. 17-532, 587 U.S. 329 (2019), was a United States Supreme Court case in which the Court held that Wyoming's statehood did not void the Crow Tribe's right to hunt on "unoccupied lands of the United States" under an 1868 treaty, and that the Bighorn National Forest did not automatically become "occupied" when the forest was created.

## Background

In January 2014 Clayvin Herrera, a member of the Crow Tribe of Indians, along with several other members of his tribe, followed a group of Rocky Mountain elk from the Crow reservation in Montana into Bighorn National Forest in Wyoming. There, they shot three elk, taking them home for food. Wyoming officials cited Herrera and his companions for hunting out of season, a violation of state law.
Herrera's two companions both pleaded guilty to the poaching charges and paid the fines that Wyoming imposed. Herrera, however, argued that their hunt was lawful, citing the Treaty of Fort Laramie, which allowed them to hunt on "unoccupied lands".
Wyoming disagreed, arguing that Herrera's claim had been invalidated by the Supreme Court 120 years prior, in Ward v. Race Horse. There, the Court held that Wyoming's admission into the Union had superseded the rights of Indians to hunt there, because it had joined the Union "on the same footing" as the other states, giving it control over the natural resources within its border.

## Case

The Supreme Court accepted the case to answer the question:
   Did Wyoming's admission to the Union or the establishment of the Bighorn National Forest abrogate the Crow Tribe of Indians' 1868 federal treaty right to hunt on the "unoccupied lands of the United States," thereby permitting the present-day conviction of a Crow member who engaged in subsistence hunting for his family?
In a 5 to 4 decision, the split Court ruled that Wyoming's admission did not abrogate the Indians' rights. The majority opinion was authored by Sotomayor, joined by Ginsburg, Breyer, Kagan, and Gorsuch. The dissenters were Roberts, Thomas, Alito, and Kavanaugh.
# Annamanum chebanum

Annamanum chebanum is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Charles Joseph Gahan in 1895. It is known from China, Laos, Vietnam, India and Myanmar.
# Sol Lombardo

María Sol Lombardo (born 10 March 1999) is an Argentine field hockey player.

## International career

Since 2019, Lombardo has played in the Argentina women's national field hockey team. She won with the team the 2021–22 Women's FIH Pro League and won the silver medal at the 2022 South American Games.
# Peter Kelly (Dublin hurler)

Peter Kelly (born 17 April 1989) is an Irish hurler who plays as a full-back for Dublin and Lucan Sarsfields.

## County Hurling

He made his debut for Dublin in 2008 against Cork in the National Hurling League.
He won the National Hurling League with Dublin in 2011. He won an all star in 2013 after helping Dublin win the Leinster Senior Hurling Championship.

## Honours

* Leinster Senior Hurling Championship (1): 2013
* 1 All Star 2013
* National Hurling League Division 1B (1): 2013
* National Hurling League (1): 2011
* Leinster Under-21 Hurling Championship (1): 2010
* Leinster Minor Hurling Championship (1): 2007
# 2017 Ukrainian Figure Skating Championships

The 2017 Ukrainian Figure Skating Championships (Ukrainian: Чемпіонат України з фігурного катання на ковзанах 2017) were held from 20 to 23 December 2016 in Kyiv. Medals were awarded in the disciplines of men's singles, ladies' singles, pair skating, and ice dancing. The results were among the criteria used to select Ukrainian teams to the 2017 World Championships, 2017 European Championships, and 2017 Winter Universiade.

## Results
### Men

| Rank | Name | Total points | SP | SP | FS | FS |
| 1 | Ivan Pavlov | 223,70 | 2 | 77,35 | 1 | 146,35 |
| 2 | Yaroslav Paniot | 222,83 | 1 | 81,17 | 2 | 141,66 |
| 3 | Ivan Shmuratko | 174,48 | 3 | 57,40 | 3 | 117,08 |
| 4 | Yan Tkalich | 159,08 | 4 | 54,59 | 4 | 104,49 |
| 5 | Vladislav Pihovich | 131,42 | 6 | 47,97 | 5 | 83,45 |
| 6 | Mihail Medunitsa | 128,25 | 5 | 48,78 | 6 | 79,47 |
| 7 | Il'ya Ohrimenko | 108.41 | 7 | 36,19 | 7 | 72,22 |

### Ladies

| Rank | Name | Total points | SP | SP | FS | FS |
| 1 | Anna Hnychenkova | 165,95 | 1 | 58,26 | 1 | 107,69 |
| 2 | Anastasiya Gozhva | 148,78 | 2 | 55,51 | 2 | 93,27 |
| 3 | Dar'ya Gozhva | 120,16 | 3 | 41,61 | 3 | 78,55 |
| 4 | Polina Mihaylovskaya | 91,07 | 7 | 29,70 | 4 | 61,37 |
| 5 | Anna Dahno | 89,72 | 8 | 28,77 | 5 | 60,95 |
| 6 | Angelina Tovstik | 88,37 | 5 | 31,20 | 6 | 57,17 |
| 7 | Evelina Aleksandrova | 84,24 | 9 | 28,17 | 7 | 59,07 |
| 8 | Kseniya Savchuk | 83,59 | 6 | 29,99 | 8 | 53,60 |
| WD | Alisa Panchenko | | 4 | 34,10 | | |

### Pairs

| Rank | Name | Total points | SP | SP | FS | FS |
| 1 | Renata Oganesyan / Mark Bardey | 110,50 | 1 | 41,29 | 1 | 69,21 |

### Ice dancing

| Rank | Name | Total points | SD | SD | FD | FD |
| 1 | Aleksandra Nazarova / Maksim Nikitin | 163,59 | 1 | 66,85 | 1 | 96,74 |
| 2 | Dariya Popova / Vladimir Belikov | 142,11 | 2 | 56,45 | 2 | 85,66 |
| 3 | Yuliya Zhata / Yan Lukovskiy | 132,68 | 3 | 51,45 | 4 | 81,23 |
| 4 | Mariya Golubtsova / Kirill Belobrov | 131,76 | 4 | 50,40 | 3 | 81,36 |
| 5 | Vera Gorodetskaya / Marko Nechiporenko | 119,52 | 5 | 44,75 | 5 | 74,77 |

## International team selections
### European Championships

| | Men | Ladies | Ice dancing |
| 1 | Ivan Pavlov | Anna Hnychenkova | Aleksandra Nazarova / Maksim Nikitin |
| 1st alt. | Yaroslav Paniot | | Yuliya Zhata / Yan Lukovskiy |

### Winter Universiade

| | Men | Ice dancing |
| 1 | Ivan Pavlov | Aleksandra Nazarova / Maksim Nikitin |
| 2 | Vladislav Pihovich | |
# Victor Mills

Victor Mills (March 28, 1897 – November 1, 1997) was an American chemical engineer for the Procter & Gamble company. He is most credited for the creation of modern disposable diapers and the Pampers brand, production improvements for Ivory soap and Duncan Hines cake mix, and the production concept for Pringles. Within P&G he is regarded as the most productive technologist in the company's history. Therefore, when the company formed an honorary society for their engineers, it was named the Victor Mills Society.
Mills was born in Milford, Nebraska, to a family of farmers, preachers and mule-team drivers. He served in the United States Navy during World War I, aboard the battleship Missouri. He worked his way up from the black gang to being a welder. At the end of the war he took discharge at Honolulu, Hawaii and lived as a beachcomber and welder on the island of Molokai. There he met his future wife, Grace Riggs, a missionary from Eddyville, Iowa; she insisted that he return to the mainland and get an education. He graduated from the University of Washington in 1926 with a degree in chemical engineering.
He was hired by Procter & Gamble right out of college and moved to the Cincinnati, Ohio, headquarters of the company. His first major innovation was converting soap production from a batch process—basically cooking in large cauldrons—to a continuous stream operation, which cut production time for Ivory soap from seven days to just a few hours. During the 1930s he built a large home on Hilltop Lane in the Cincinnati suburb of Wyoming, Ohio, where he and Grace raised their only child, daughter Maile. He then applied ideas from soap chemistry to improve the production of cake mixes and peanut butter, among other products. During World War II he was involved with the production of synthetic rubber with Waldo Semon, the inventor of vinyl, who was his mentor at the University of Washington in the early 1920s.
After the war, Mills headed up the Exploratory Development Department of P&G, responsible for finding new lines of product for the company. In that capacity, he conceived and led the development of Pampers during the 1950s. It was the world's first widely marketed disposable diaper, and currently P&G's largest brand by sales revenue. His last project was to oversee the development of Pringles. This potato snack is made using a slurry of potatoes, flour and flavorings which is pressed and dried into its distinctive shape: the process owes a lot to Mills' earlier work producing soap flakes.
He retired to Tucson, Arizona, in 1961 and spent his time on his hobbies. He had an extensive garden of cacti and other plants of his adopted Sonoran Desert region. He traveled the world, both on cruise ships with his wife, and on hiking expeditions. At one point, he was the oldest man on record to have climbed Mount Rainier, and likewise Point Lenana on Mount Kenya. He died at his home in 1997, at the age of 100.
# Lucas Tohătan

Lucas Tohătan (born 15 March 1999) is a Romanian professional basketball player for CSO Voluntari of the Liga Națională in Romania.

## National team

Tohătan has been a member of the Romanian national basketball team.
# Namsenfjorden

Namsenfjorden is a fjord in Trøndelag county, Norway. The 35-kilometre (22 mi) long fjord flows along the border between Namsos Municipality and Flatanger Municipality. It runs southeast from the Folda firth, between the mainland in the south and the island of Otterøya in the north, past the island of Hoddøya, to the Namsen river estuary in the town of Namsos. The banks of the fjord are mostly wooded and not very high. Near the town of Namsos, the Løgnin fjord arm branches to the south all the way to the village of Sjøåsen in Namsos Municipality. Other villages along the fjord include Statland, Tøttdalen, Skomsvoll, Bangsund, and Spillum.

## Media gallery

* View of the fjord
* Town of Namsos
* Town of Namsos
* Town of Namsos
# Zhang Tao (chemist)

Zhang Tao (Chinese: 张涛; born 1963) is a Chinese chemist.
Zhang is a native of Shaanxi, born in 1963. Zhang earned a doctorate from Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics in 1989 and pursued postdoctoral research at the University of Birmingham before returning to DICP in 1990, where he was appointed to a full professorship in 1995. Zhang headed DICP as director from 2007 to 2017. In 2013, Zhang was elected to the Chinese Academy of Sciences.
In 2024, he received the Future Science Prize for the development of single-atom catalysis.
# Looking Back (Leon Russell album)

Looking Back is the fourth solo studio album by Leon Russell. The album was released in 1973, shortly after the success of his single song "Tightrope". The album is not an official release: it features instrumental tracks that were recorded in the mid-1960s. Some of the songs feature Russell playing the harpsichord. The record and album sleeve do not have any credits for the songs. Released on Olympic Records Corporation label. There was short issue new CD reissue in 1991 on the Japanese Jimco label, with three bonus tracks.
Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Allmusic | |

## Track listing

Side One
* "If I Had a Hammer" (Pete Seeger/ Lee Hays) - 2:49
* "Gospel Harp" - 2:05
* "Greenfields" (Miller/Dehr/Gilkyson) - 2:15
* "Virginia" - 2:27
* "Our Winter Love" (Johnny Cowell) - 2:37
Side Two
* "Cotton Fields" (Huddie Ledbetter) - 2:27
* "Cherry Beat" - 2:31
* "Greenback Dollar" (Hoyt Axton) - 2:02
* "Man with the Golden Gun" - 2:14
* "Tender and Fair" - 2:19
The 1991 Jimco reissue contains the following bonus tracks:
* "Barbados"
* "Ridin' West"
* "Walk Right In"
The album contains instrumental tracks that were recorded in the mid-1960s, featuring Russell on harpsichord. Neither the record nor album sleeve give writing credits for any of the songs. Songwriting credits are listed here where applicable.

## Personnel

* Leon Russell – harpsichord, bass guitar, guitar, keyboards, piano, producer
* Tommy Tedesco – guitar
* Jimmy Bend – bass guitar
* Earl Palmer – drums
* Joe Chemay – bass
* Marty Grebb – guitar, saxophone
* Roger Linn – guitar, percussion
* Jody Payne – guitar
* Mickey Raphael – harmonica
# Baghsar Lake

Baghsar Lake (Urdu: باغ سر جھیل) is a lake situated at 975 m above sea level in the Samahni Valley of Bhimber District in Azad Kashmir, Pakistan. The lake is roughly half a kilometre long and overlooks the Bandala Valley. The lake is a popular tourist destination.
Many local and migratory birds, especially ducks and geese, inhabit the lake. The lake is habitat for water lilies, and the surrounding hills are covered by pine trees and lily flowers.
The area has several archaeological remains since Bhimber fell on the route of the road which Mughal emperors who occasionally visited the Kashmir Valley would travel on. The Baghsar Fort built by the Mughals is situated at 3353 feet above sea level. Mughal Emperor Jahangir died on his way back from Kashmir Valley near Sarai Sababad in 1627 AD. To preserve his body, the entrails were removed and buried here, and the body was transported to Lahore later.
The four-story granite structure of the fort has played important roles in history during the times of Shah Jahan, Aurangzeb and Ahmed Shah Abdali. It is said that the Mughal Emperor Jahangir, on his way back from the Kashmir Valley, fell ill and ultimately died in this fort.
# Gernot Frenking

Gernot Frenking (born January 23, 1946, in Körbecke) is a German chemist known for his contribution in theoretical chemistry.

## Education and life

From 1960 to 1964, Frenking initially trained as a chemical laboratory assistant at the Bayer AG paint factory in Uerdingen. He completed his Abitur on the second educational path and studied chemistry at the RWTH Aachen from 1969 to 1973. In 1973 he received his diploma at the RWTH Aachen with Hans-Dieter Scharf with a thesis on calculations of chemical reactivity using quantum theoretical models as well as measurements and theoretical calculations on the dipole moments of some compounds.
From 1973 to 1976, Frenking was a DAAD fellow in Japan with Kenichi Fukui at Kyoto University, where he worked on frontier orbital theory. In Japan, Frenking was also one of the first scholarship holders of the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS), the largest Japanese research funding society. From 1976 to 1979 he was a doctoral student at the Institute for Organic Chemistry at Technische Universität Berlin, where he received his doctorate in 1979. From 1977 to 1982 he was an assistant at the TU Berlin with teaching duties. Between 1979 and 1984 he researched with Helmut Schwarz for his habilitation in the field of theoretical organic chemistry and habilitated with a thesis on MO-SCF investigations on the structure and reactivity of molecules in the gas phase. From 1982 to 1984 he worked at TU Berlin with a Liebig scholarship from the Chemical Industry Fund. Frenking went to the Stanford Research Institute (SRI International) on the American west coast as a postdoc. There, with Gilda Loew, he researched structure-activity relationships of biologically active compounds, in particular opiates, in theoretical investigations until 1988 and carried out conformational investigations using molecular mechanics calculations of pharmaceutically interesting compounds.
After returning to Germany, he was briefly a scientist at the Collaborative Research Center 260 in the Chemistry Department of the University of Marburg. In 1990, Frenking was appointed C3 professor for computer applications in chemistry at the University of Marburg, and in 1998 he became C4 professor for theoretical chemistry there.

## Honors and awards

* JSPS Scholarship (1974)
* Clemens Winkler Lecture, Freiberg University of Mining and Technology (2007)
* Elhuyar Goldschmidt Award of the Spanish Royal Society of Chemistry (2007)
* Fellow of the Royal Society of Chemistry (FSRC) (since 2008)
* Schrödinger Medal of the World Association of Theoretical and Computational Chemists (2009)
* Lise Meitner Lectureship at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem (2011)
* Hans Hellmann Research Award at the University of Marburg (2012)
* Richard W. Bader Memorial Lecture, MIRCE Akademy, Exeter, UK (2013)
* Erich Hückel Prize from the German Chemical Society (2020)
# Tales of the Algonquin

Tales of the Algonquin is an album by jazz saxophonists John Surman and John Warren recorded in 1971 and released on the Deram label.

## Reception

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Allmusic | |
| All About Jazz | (not rated) |
| Penguin Guide to Jazz | 👑 |
John Kelman in his All About Jazz review states: "The music ranges from brashly swinging full-section charts like 'With Terry's Help,' where Surman's powerful soprano solo demonstrates just how quickly he'd evolved into a singular voice, to the more delicately balladic and Gil Evans-inflected 'The Dandelion'. Despite the scripting inherent in this kind of large ensemble work, there's a refreshing looseness and sense of unfettered exploration throughout."

## Track listing

All tracks are written by John Warren.
All tracks are written by John Warren.

## Personnel
### Musicians

* Martin Drover – trumpet, flugelhorn
* Kenny Wheeler – trumpet, flugelhorn
* Harry Beckett – trumpet, flugelhorn
* Malcolm Griffiths – trombone
* Ed Harvey – trombone
* Danny Almark – trombone
* Mike Osborne – alto saxophone, clarinet
* Stan Sulzmann – alto saxophone, soprano saxophone, flute
* Alan Skidmore – tenor saxophone, flute, alto flute
* John Surman – baritone saxophone, soprano saxophone
* John Warren – baritone saxophone, flute, soprano saxophone
* John Taylor – piano
* Harry Miller – bass
* Barre Phillips – bass
* Alan Jackson – drums
* Stu Martin – drums
# Elvalandet

Elvalandet is an island in Namsos Municipality in Trøndelag county, Norway. The 38.184-square-kilometre (14.743 sq mi) island is located in the Lauvøyfjorden, just south of the island of Jøa, east of the island of Otterøya, and west of the mainland. The town of Namsos lies about 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) south of the island.
The island is connected to the mainland by a bridge on the Norwegian County Road 769. There is a ferry connection on the north side of the island to the nearby island of Jøa. Most of the island is forested. The island is the 82nd largest island in Norway.
# Yuan-Chuan Lee

Yuan-Chuan Lee (Chinese: 李遠川; pinyin: Lǐ Yuǎnchuān; born 30 March 1932) is a Taiwanese biochemist who is currently a professor at Johns Hopkins University in the United States.

## Life and career

A Hsinchu City native born on 30 March 1932, Yuan-Chuan Lee was the eldest son of painter Lee Tze-fan and his wife. Yuan-Chuan Lee graduated from Hsinchu Senior High School, as did his brothers Yuan T. Lee and Yuan-Pern Lee. Lee then attended National Taiwan University, where he earned a bachelor's of science degree in 1955, followed by a master's of science in agricultural chemistry in 1957. Lee completed his doctorate at the University of Iowa in 1962 under the supervision of Rex Montgomery. Lee moved to the University of California, Berkeley for postdoctoral research with Clinton Ballou, and joined the Johns Hopkins University faculty in 1965, where he was appointed Academy Professor in 2011.
In 1994, Yuan-Chuan Lee became a member of Academia Sinica. Seven years later, Lee received the Claude S. Hudson Award in Carbohydrate Chemistry from the American Chemical Society. The Society for Glycobiology's 2011 Rosalind Kornfeld Award was shared between Lee and Sen-itiroh Hakomori. Lee was named a fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science in 2016.