OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Rectal thermometry

Rectal thermometry is taking a person's temperature by inserting a thermometer into the rectum via the anus. This is generally regarded as the most accurate means of temperature-taking, but some may consider it to be an invasive or humiliating procedure. Thus, it is often used sparingly and primarily on infants, children, or adults for whom taking an oral temperature would risk injury (e.g., an unconscious patient, a post-oral surgery patient, or a person suffering a seizure) or be inaccurate (due to recently ingested liquids or breathing through the mouth).

## History

The precise history of rectal thermometry is largely unknown, but medical thermometers have long been made in a tube shape that fits into the anus. Medical literature shows the practice dating back to at least the 18th century, and it is probable that rectal thermometry was thought to be a safer alternative to oral temperature-taking, due to the use of mercury and other toxic chemicals in early thermometers.
In 1966, Time Magazine noted:
   Near dawn every morning, a nurse walks into the hospital room, wakes the patient and subjects him to what for many remains a humiliating procedure, although it has become routine: insertion of a rectal thermometer.
As thermometry-related technology improves in the 21st century, rectal thermometry is becoming decreasingly pervasive, but it is still the preferred method for taking the temperature of infants and pets.

## Use and procedure

Rectal thermometry is widely used in veterinary medicine and pediatrics, as well as by adults at home who want the most accurate possible temperature reading and overlook the invasive nature associated with the painless procedure. It is accomplished by inserting the tip of a thermometer, usually lubricated with personal lubricant to eliminate friction and aid in insertion past the tightly retentive anal sphincter, to a depth of, for an adult 1.5 inches (3.8 cm), or for a child between .5 and 1 inch (1.3 and 2.5 cm). The thermometer tip must then be left in place until a reading can be derived, usually about 3 minutes for mercury thermometers and 1 minute for newer electronic types. It is important to remember that the normal human core temperature range measured with a rectal thermometer spans from 37.0 to 38.0 degrees Celsius.
Rectal thermometers are often colored cherry red to differentiate them from oral or axillary thermometers, as well as have a shorter, squat, pear, or stubby bulb shape. They are not meant to be used interchangeably with other types of thermometers.
# Naoki Mori (virologist)

Naoki Mori (森 直樹, Mori Naoki) is a Japanese virologist who is a professor at the University of the Ryukyus in Okinawa Prefecture, Japan. He has received numerous awards for his research on human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1), a retrovirus which causes adult T-cell leukemia.

## Research fraud

In 2010, Retraction Watch reported that five of Mori's papers had been retracted by the journal Infection and Immunity. (The New York Times later put that figure at six.) The papers, which were published between 2000 and 2009, described studies on H. pylori. Mori was banned for ten years from publishing articles in journals operated by the American Society for Microbiology after it was determined that he had manipulated data and images in a number of articles. By October 2011, 30 papers coauthored by Mori had been retracted, including five from Infection and Immunity, seven from the International Journal of Cancer, two from Blood, and one from Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications titled "Downregulation of citrin, a mitochondrial AGC, is associated with apoptosis of hepatocytes". Mori took "full responsibility" for "multiple inaccurate and inappropriately duplicated" images, and was dismissed from his university post in August 2010.
Mori contested his dismissal in court, and the University of the Ryukyus instead imposed a 10-month suspension. Mori was rehired in March 2011 and had resumed publishing by April 2012 with a research paper titled "Honokiol induces cell cycle arrest and apoptosis via inhibition of survival signals in adult T-cell leukemia".
# Wrzosów, Masovian Voivodeship

Wrzosów is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Jedlnia-Letnisko, within Radom County, Masovian Voivodeship, in east-central Poland. It lies approximately 3 kilometres (2 mi) west of Jedlnia-Letnisko, 10 km (6 mi) east of Radom, and 91 km (57 mi) south of Warsaw.
# Terrabacter aerolatus

Terrabacter aerolatus is a species of gram-positive, nonmotile, non-endospore-forming bacteria.
The optimum growth temperature for T. aerolatus is 30 °C (86 °F) and can grow in the 5–35 °C (41–95 °F) range. The optimum pH is 7.0-8.0, and can grow in pH 4.0-9.0.
# Milton (opera)

Milton is an opéra comique in one act by Gaspare Spontini. The French libretto, by Victor-Joseph Étienne de Jouy and Armand-Michel Dieulafoy, is based on the life of the English poet John Milton. Milton was first performed on 27 November 1804 by the Opéra-Comique at the Salle Feydeau in Paris. It was Spontini's first major success in France. The composer planned a reworked version for performances in Germany under the title Das verlorene Paradies (Paradise Lost), but in the event it was never staged.

## Roles

Roles, voice types, premiere cast :
| Role | Voice type | Premiere cast, 27 November 1804 |
| Milton, an old man, a poet, blind | baritone | Jean-Pierre Solié |
| Emma, his daughter | soprano | Mme Gavaudan |
| Miss Charlotte, his niece, an old maid | mezzo-soprano | Mme Crétu |
| Lord Arthur Davenant, going under the name Arthur | tenor | Jean-Baptiste-Sauveur Gavaudan |
| Godwin, a Quaker, a Justice of the Peace | bass | Simon Chénard |
| A jockey of Lord Arthur | | |
| A house servant | | |
| People in the livery of the king | | |

## Synopsis

The blind poet Milton and his daughter Emma, fearing political persecution by King Charles II, find refuge with the Quaker Godwin. Godwin's niece Charlotte is in love with Milton's secretary, "Arthur". In reality, Arthur is Sir William Davenant, who has adopted this disguise because he is in love with Emma. Milton dictates verses from his poem Paradise Lost to his daughter. In the end, Davenant reveals his true identity and brings Milton a letter from the king promising he will not be punished. Davenant and Emma are now free to marry.
# Agostina Alonso

Agostina Alonso (born 1 October 1995) is an Argentine field hockey player and part of the Argentina national team, winning silver medal at the 2020 Summer Olympics.

## Career

She was the part of the Argentine team that won the 2016 Women's Hockey Junior World Cup after a beating the Netherlands in the finals. She also won a gold medal at the 2019 Pan American Games.
In 2024, she won the bronze medal with Las Leonas at the 2024 Paris Summer Olympics.
# 36 Capricorni

36 Capricorni is a single, yellow-hued star in the southern constellation of Capricornus. It is visible to the naked eye with an apparent visual magnitude of +4.50. The distance to this star, as determined from an annual parallax shift of 19.06±0.29 mas, is around 171 light years. It is currently moving closer with a heliocentric radial velocity of −21 km/s, and will come within 145 ly (44.58 pc) in about 685,000 years ago.
This is an evolved G-type giant star with a stellar classification of G7IIIb Fe–1, where the suffix notation indicates an underabundance of iron found in the spectrum. At the age of 770 million years it has become a red clump giant, meaning it is generating energy through helium fusion at its core. It has 2.26 times the mass of the Sun, but has expanded to 8.6 times its radius. It is radiating 43 times the Sun's luminosity from its photosphere at an effective temperature of 5,047 K.

## Chinese name

In Chinese, 十二國 (Shíer Guó), meaning Twelve States, refers to an asterism which is represent twelve ancient states in the Spring and Autumn period and the Warring States period, consisting of 36 Capricorni, φ Capricorni, ι Capricorni, 37 Capricorni, 35 Capricorni, χ Capricorni, θ Capricorni, 30 Capricorni, 33 Capricorni, ζ Capricorni, 19 Capricorni, 26 Capricorni, 27 Capricorni, 20 Capricorni, η Capricorni and 21 Capricorni. Consequently, 36 Capricorni itself is represent the state Jin (晉)(or Tsin), together with κ Herculis in Right Wall of Heavenly Market Enclosure (asterism)
# Adolphe Max

Adolphe Eugène Jean Henri Max (30 December 1869 – 6 November 1939) was a Belgian liberal politician and mayor of the City of Brussels from 1909 until his death. He was also an irregular freemason, an honorary Minister of State and a member of the Institut de France.

## Life

Max graduated in law at the Free University of Brussels, and entered the legal profession, besides doing journalistic work. When he was 25 years old, he was elected a province councillor for Brabant, and was elected a city councillor in 1903. After he had worked as a magistrate, he was appointed mayor of Brussels on 6 December 1909.
Under the German occupation of Brussels during the First World War, Max refused to cooperate with the occupying forces. As a result, he was arrested and held in captivity, first at Namur, and then at Glatz (Poland) and Goslar (Germany), until he escaped on 13 November 1918. Charles Lemonnier was acting mayor during his captivity. On his return to Brussels, he was greeted as a hero. In 1919, he was elected to the Belgian Chamber of Representatives, where he campaigned for universal adult suffrage, a goal not achieved until after his death.

## Legacy

Among the monuments from Max's time in office as mayor of Brussels are parts of the Royal Museums of Fine Arts of Belgium and the Heysel/Heizel exhibition park built for the Brussels International Exposition of 1935. The Boulevard Adolphe Max/Adolphe Maxlaan, a central boulevard of the City of Brussels, is named after him, as are primary and secondary schools near Square Ambiorix. There is also a Place Adolphe Max in the 9th arrondissement of Paris which was named in his honour in January 1940, shortly after his death.

## Honours

* 1910: Knight Grand cross in the Order of the Crown of Prussia.
* 1918: Grand Officer in the Order of Leopold.
* 1932: Grand Cordon in the Order of Leopold.
* 1938: Grand Cross of the Order of the White Lion
* Member of the Royal Academies for Science and the Arts of Belgium.
# Colin McKay (footballer)

Colin McKay (born 1896) was a Scottish professional footballer who played in England for Sheffield Wednesday, Huddersfield Town and Bradford City. He was born in Kilmarnock, Scotland.
# Wróblewo, Mława County

Wróblewo is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Radzanów, within Mława County, Masovian Voivodeship, in east-central Poland. It lies approximately 8 kilometres (5 mi) north-east of Radzanów, 20 km (12 mi) south-west of Mława, and 103 km (64 mi) north-west of Warsaw.
# Audyssey Laboratories

Audyssey Laboratories, Inc. (Audyssey) is an American-based company specializing in technologies that address acoustical problems in sound reproduction systems used in homes, cars, studios, and movie theaters.

## History

Audyssey was created in 2002 as a spin-off from the USC Integrated Media Systems Center, the National Science Foundation engineering research center at the University of Southern California. It was founded by Prof. Chris Kyriakakis from the USC Viterbi School of Engineering and Prof. Tomlinson Holman from the USC School of Cinematic Arts along with two former USC students and researchers, Dr. Sunil Bharitkar and Philip Hilmes.
The first Audyssey technology was released in home theater receivers in 2004. It addressed the negative effects of room acoustics on sound reproduction. Since then, Audyssey has delivered several audio technologies that seek to overcome acoustical limitations in audio systems and better match human perception. Since 2004 Audyssey technologies have appeared in numerous consumer, professional, and automotive products.

## Technologies
### Room Acoustics Correction – MultEQ and EQ

Audyssey MultEQ: A technology that allows consumers and professionals to fix the acoustical problems in rooms that arise from the interaction of sound from the loudspeakers with the surfaces in the room. MultEQ uses acoustical measurements in the time domain taken by a microphone around the listening area and combines this information to evaluate the acoustical problems that cause audible distortions in the frequency response. MultEQ then creates a room equalization filter for each speaker and subwoofer in the system to correct these problems. Audyssey EQ is a direct extension of MultEQ for products that come with attached loudspeakers such as televisions and home theater in a box systems.

### Loudness Compensation – Dynamic EQ

Audyssey Dynamic EQ: A technology that solves the problem of deteriorating sound quality as the playback volume is decreased. Dynamic EQ combines information from incoming source levels and actual output sound levels in the room or car to make moment-by-moment adjustments that compensate for the changes in human hearing at different listening levels.

### Volume Leveling – Dynamic Volume

Audyssey Dynamic Volume: A technology that solves the problem of constantly varying volume across program material. It monitors the volume in real time and maintains the desired listening level for all content while optimizing the dynamic range.

### Surround Envelopment – Audyssey DSX

Audyssey Dynamic Surround Expansion (DSX): A scalable technology that expands the soundstage of surround sound content by adding width and height loudspeaker channels. Audyssey DSX then synthesizes the necessary content for these channels to reproduce the necessary acoustical and perceptual cues that enhance soundstage rendering for surround sound.
Audyssey has an 11.2 surround sound system using DSX which adds two height and two wide left and right channels to a traditional 7.1 mix.
# José Francisco Ulloa

José Francisco Ulloa Rojas (born October 1, 1940 in Cartago, Costa Rica) is a Costa Rican priest and bishop. He entered the Minor Seminary in 1959. On December 19, 1964, he was ordained priest by Bishop Carlos Humberto Rodríguez Quirós. He was elected first bishop of the Diocese of Limón on 30 December 1994, and first bishop of the Diocese of Cartago, Costa Rica in 2005.

## Priesthood

From 1967 to 1971, after completing studies of Priesthood Sociology in Rome, he worked in the International Movement for a Better World. He has lectured at the Central Seminary (1971–1992), he was Pastoral Vicar of the Archdiocese of San José (1974–1976), Rector of the Central Seminary (1982–1992), President of the Organization of Latin American Seminaries (OSLAM) (1989–1991). In October 1992 he was invited by Pope John Paul II to participate as a representative of the clergy at the Fourth General Conference of Latin American Bishops in Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic. On February 22, 1995, he received his Episcopal Ordination on the Feast of the Teaching of St. Peter from the Papal Nuncio Giacinto Berloco. Takes possession of its headquarters in the city of Limon, Costa Rica. On May 22, 2005, John Paul II erected the Diocese of Cartago and appointed Ulloa as its first bishop. Later, the Diocese of Cartago emerged from the territorial division of the Archdiocese of San José and part of the Diocese of Limon, and Ulloa was appointed as its first bishop. Ulloa currently holds the post of vice president of the CECOR.

## Conviction by the Tribunal Supremo de Elecciones

In May 2010, Monsignor Ulloa was convicted by the Supreme Electoral Tribunal. In September 2009, Monsignor Ulloa called during a liturgical act the Catholic faithful not to vote for Costa Rican politicians that in his opinion did not share the Catholic doctrine. According to press reports, Ulloa in his speech referred to a bill that was being debated in the Legislative Assembly that sought to eliminate the requirement that certain public officials swear in God's name at the time of taking office, and would have separated the Catholic Church and the state (Costa Rica is a confessional state, although it guarantees freedom of worship for non-Catholic denominations). The legislative initiative was not successful. According to the TSE, Ulloa had disrespected Article 28 of the Constitution, which prohibits the clergy from being involved in partisan politics, invoking for that purpose religious reasons.
# Valentina Costa Biondi

Valentina Isabel Costa Biondi (born 3 September 1995) is an Argentine field hockey player. She plays with the Argentina national field hockey team, winning silver medal at the 2020 Summer Olympics.

## Hockey career

In 2019, Costa Biondi was called into the senior national women's team. She competed in the team that finished fourth at the 2019 Pro League in Amstelveen.
She won a gold medal at the 2019 Pan American Games in Lima.
# Dai Gent

David Robert Gent (9 January 1883 – 16 January 1964) was a Welsh-born England international rugby union player.
Born in Llandovery, Wales, Gent was a diminutive 5 ft 3 in halfback, recruited to play rugby for Gloucester while studying teaching at Cheltenham Training College, making his debut in the 1903-04 season.
Gent, a Welsh triallist, gained five England caps, debuting against the 1905–06 All Blacks at Crystal Palace. He made two appearances in the 1906 Home Nations, then had four years out of the national side, which included captaining Gloucester in the 1906-07 season. In 1910, Gent was recalled to gain a further two England caps, before ending the season as captain of Gloucestershire's County Championship-winning team.
A teacher, Gent served as headmaster of Saltash School in Plymouth and Bedewell School in Eastbourne.
Gent left teaching in 1944 and became rugby correspondent for the Sunday Times, a newspaper he had been contributing to since 1919. He retired from the profession in 1955 and spent the remainder of his life in Sussex.
# Rushdi

Rushdi (Arabic: رشدي, IPA:) is a masculine Arabic given name, it may refer to:

## Given name

* Rushdy Abaza (1926-1980), Egyptian actor
* Rushdi Said (1920-2013), Egyptian geologist
* Rushdi al-Shawa (1889-1965), Palestinian politician
* Ruzhdi Kerimov (born 1956), Bulgarian footballer

## Surname and family name

* Ahmed Rushdi (politician) (1924-2013), Egyptian politician
* Ahmed Rushdi (1934-1983), Pakistani singer
* Hasan Rushdy (born 1971), Sri Lankan cricketer
* Hussein Rushdi Pasha (1863-1928), Egyptian politician
* Mehmed Rushdi Pasha (1811-1882), Ottoman statesman
* Natalie Rushdie (born 1986), British jazz singer
* Salman Rushdie (born 1947), Indian-British novelist
# Birthmark (film)

Birthmark is a 2024 Indian Tamil-language thriller drama film written and directed by Vikram Shreedharan. The film stars Shabeer Kallarakkal and Mirnaa Menon in the lead roles. The film was produced by Vikram Shreedharan and Sriram Sivaraman under the banners of Sapiens Entertainment.

## Plot

Divided into four chapters, the film follows Indian Army Lieutenant Daniel (Shabeer Kallarakkal) and his six-month pregnant wife Jennifer (Mirnaa Menon). Daniel struggles with PTSD; he was rescued recently after having been abducted in the war zone six months prior. Meanwhile, Jennifer suffers from various health complications, which prompts Daniel into accompanying her to the Dhavanthri natural birthing village in Kerala, which follows the midwifery birthing model of childbirth. The village is overseen by the elderly Kundhavi. Upon their arrival, a couple leaves the birthing village carrying their newborn in-hand. Something about the couple seems off; they appear sad and deflated despite just having had a child together. Reflecting on their shared memories, Daniel and Jennifer unite to overcome challenges to bring their baby into the world.

## Cast

* Shabeer Kallarakkal as Daniel
* Mirnaa Menon as Jennifer
* Porkodi Senthil as Asha
* Indirajith as Sebastian
* Deepthie Orientelu as Amulu
* P. R. Varalakshmi as Kundhavi
* Kavitha Suresh as Daniel's mother
* Naju as Daniel's father
* Aalam as Young Daniel

## Production

The film has a technical crew consisting of cinematographer Udhay Thangavel, music composer Vishal Chandrashekhar, art director Ramu Thangaraj and editor Iniyavan Pandiyan. The title look of the film was released in June 2023 and the trailer for the film was released on YouTube by Saregama Tamil on 25 August 2023.

## Reception

Roopa Radhakrishnan of The Times of India rated 3 out of 5 and noted that "Shabeer Kallarakal and Mirnaa are wonderful as the leads and do their best to sell everything that’s going on". Maalai Malar critic stated that the director Vikram Sreedharan has directed the film with a different story; he is concentrating on making an English film. A critic from Cinema Express wrote "Birthmark holds our attention with an engaging setup but due to odd directorial choices, tonal issues, and a weak screenplay, we rarely feel the tension that the film wants us to feel".
# George Gerald King

George Gerald King (11 December 1836 – 28 April 1928) was a Canadian politician.
Born in Springfield, New Brunswick, the son of Malcolm King and Elizabeth Hickson, he was a businessman before being elected to the House of Commons of Canada in the New Brunswick riding of Queen's in the 1878 federal election. A Liberal, he was re-elected in the 1882 election. He was defeated in the 1887 election and an 1888 by-election, and was re-elected in the 1891 and 1896 elections.
In 1860, King married Esther Briggs. Their son George Herbert King served in the New Brunswick assembly and their son James Horace King served in the House of Commons.
He was appointed to the Senate of Canada in 1896, representing the senatorial division of Queen's, New Brunswick. He died in office in 1928.

## Electoral record

vte1878 Canadian federal election: Queen's :
| Party | Candidate | Votes |
| | Liberal | George Gerald King | 1,143 |
| | Liberal–Conservative | Ezekiel Stone Wiggins | 630 |
vte1882 Canadian federal election: Queen's :
| Party | Candidate | Votes |
| | Liberal | George Gerald King | 1,084 |
| | Liberal–Conservative | S.L. Peters | 886 |
vte1887 Canadian federal election: Queen's :
| Party | Candidate | Votes |
| | Liberal | George Gerald King | 1,191 |
| | Conservative | George Frederick Baird | 1,130 |
By-election: On Mr. Baird's resignation because his election was contested, 24 November 1887
By-election on 18 January 1888 :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes |
| | Conservative | George Frederick Baird | 1,175 |
| | Liberal | George Gerald King | 1,064 |
N.B. The Canadian Directory of Parliament states that George Frederick Baird was declared duly elected by a court decision.
vte1891 Canadian federal election: Queen's :
| Party | Candidate | Votes |
| | Liberal | George Gerald King | 1,233 |
| | Conservative | George Frederick Baird | 1,204 |
# Blue John Cavern

The Blue John Cavern is one of the four show caves in Castleton, Derbyshire, England. The others are Peak Cavern, Treak Cliff Cavern and Speedwell Cavern.

## Description

The cavern takes its name from the semi-precious mineral Blue John, which is still mined in small amounts outside the tourist season and made locally into jewellery. The deposit itself is about 250 million years old.
The miners who work the remaining seams are also the guides for underground public tours. The eight working seams are known as Twelve Vein, Old Dining Room, Bull Beef, New Dining Room, Five Vein, Organ Room, New Cavern and Landscape.
In 1865, Blue John Cavern was the site of the first use of magnesium to light a photograph underground. It was taken by Manchester photographer Alfred Brothers.

## Blue John

In the UK Blue John, or "Derbyshire Spar", is found only in Blue John Cavern and the nearby Treak Cliff Cavern. It is a type of banded fluorite. The most common explanation for the name is that it derives from the French bleu-jaune, meaning 'blue-yellow', but other derivations have been suggested.
# Wychódźc

Wychódźc is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Czerwińsk nad Wisłą, within Płońsk County, Masovian Voivodeship, in east-central Poland. It lies approximately 9 kilometres (6 mi) east of Czerwińsk nad Wisłą, 27 km (17 mi) south of Płońsk, and 45 km (28 mi) north-west of Warsaw.