OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Billy Barnie

William Harrison Barnie (January 26, 1853 – July 15, 1900), nicknamed "Bald Billy", was an American manager and catcher in Major League Baseball. Born in New York City, he played as a right fielder in the National Association in 1874–75. In 1883 he became manager of the Baltimore Orioles of the American Association; he appeared as a backup catcher that season, and also played two games in 1886, but otherwise did not take the field. After leaving the Orioles following the 1891 season, he managed the Washington Senators (1892), Louisville Colonels (1893–94) and Brooklyn Bridegrooms (1897–98). His career managerial record consists of 632 wins and 810 losses. His best finish was third place with the 1887 Orioles.
Barnie died in Hartford, Connecticut at the age of 47, of pneumonia complicated by asthmatic bronchitis, and was interred at Green-Wood Cemetery in Brooklyn, New York.
# Tom Lee (baseball)

Thomas Frank Lee (June 8, 1862 – March 4, 1886) was a Major League Baseball pitcher. He played for Chicago White Stockings and the Baltimore Monumentals in the 1884 season.
# Terry Larkin

Frank S. "Terry" Larkin (1856 – September 16, 1894) was a Major League Baseball pitcher who played for five teams during a six-season career.

## Career

Larkin, a right-hander, debuted on May 20, 1876 for the New York Mutuals, pitching a complete game in his only appearance of the season. He pitched in 1877 for the Hartford Dark Blues, posting a 29–25 record while pitching 501 innings. He then moved to the Chicago White Stockings for the 1878 and 1879 seasons, going 29–26 in 1878 and 31–23 in 1879, pitching over 500 innings each season. Larkin was a good hitter for a pitcher and finished 8th in the National League with 32 runs batted in (RBI), while hitting for a .288 average in 1878.

## Post-career

In April 1883, Larkin was arrested and hospitalized after shooting his wife, shooting at the responding police officers and then attempting to cut his own throat with a razor. The following month, while still hospitalized, he attempted to kill himself again. He blamed his condition on having "been a sufferer for a long time with malaria." In August of that year, he was sent to prison for six months after being accused of beating his wife. After his release from prison, his father took him into his home. Within a week of his release, Larkin was arrested for pulling his father out of bed at 3:00 in the morning, pulling a gun on him and threatening to shoot him.
Larkin was later institutionalized after challenging his former employer to a duel with pistols, and while apparently still hospitalized committed suicide by slitting his throat with a razor on September 16, 1894 in Brooklyn, New York. He is interred at Calvary Cemetery in Woodside, New York.
# Lawrence Mott

Jordan Lawrence Mott IV (1881–1931), often referred to as Jordan Lawrence Mott III and better known as Lawrence Mott, was an American novelist and writer on the outdoor life. He was the great-grandson of Jordan L. Mott (born 1799), who founded the J. L. Mott Iron Works in New York City. His grandfather was Jordan Lawrence Mott II (10 November 1829 – 26 July 1915), and his father was Jordan Lawrence Mott III (13 May 1857 – 7 January 1932).
After graduating from Harvard, Mott worked as a journalist, and married Carolyn Pitkin (1881–1967). In 1912 he sailed to China on a freighter, the Indrade, with opera singer, Mrs. Francis Hewitt Bowne: he was listed as purser and she was disguised as a cabin boy. Lawrence and Francis were living in Hong Kong when his father disinherited him. When World War One broke out, he enlisted in the U.S. Army Signal Corps and was commissioned Major. After the war, the couple moved to Santa Catalina Island, California where Lawrence wrote and became an early radio personality. The couple married in 1928 after their respective partners had divorced them. His published works include Jules of the Great Heart: "free" trapper and outlaw in the Hudson Bay region in the early days (1905), To the Credit of the Sea (1907), The White Darkness, and other stories of the Great North-West (1907), and Prairie, Snow and Sea (1910). He pioneered fishing for steelhead on the North Umpqua River, Oregon, and a bridge and a section of the North Umpqua Trail bears the name Mott in his memory. His love of the outdoor life led him to campaign for the conservation of wildlife and natural resources. He established a fishing camp near Steamboat Creek, where he died, of leukemia, in 1931.
# Thanedar Wala

Thanedar Wala is a game reserve and wetland Ramsar site, located 15 km (9.3 mi) east of Lakki, Lakki Marwat District (formerly in Bannu District), North-West Frontier Province, Pakistan. Most of the area consists of a complex of braided river channels and sandy or muddy islands up to 4 km (2.5 mi) wide. The site covers 4,047 ha (10,000 acres). It supports wintering great egret, ruddy shelduck, common teal, mallard, northern shoveller, common pochard and ferruginous duck. Collared pratincole and little tern breed on the reserve.
Thanedar Wala was designated a Ramsar site on July 23, 1976. A monitoring mission in May 1990 recommended that it be retained on the Ramsar List.
# Poa leptocoma

Poa leptocoma is a species of grass known by the common names marsh bluegrass and western bog bluegrass.

## Distribution

It is native to western North America from Alaska to New Mexico, where it grows in subalpine and alpine climates and the Arctic. It is also known from the Kamchatka Peninsula.

## Description

Poa leptocoma grows in moist habitats, including meadows and land next to lakes, ponds, and streams. It is a perennial grass growing in loose clumps with stems up to 70 to 100 centimeters in maximum height. The inflorescence is a series of branches bearing spikelets, the branches growing appressed to the stem and then spreading out and drooping from the stem as the spikelets mature. The spikelets are green to blue to dark purple in color.
# Hussein Suleiman Abu Saleh

Hussein Suleiman Abusalih (Arabic: حسين سليمان أبو صالح; 5 October 1930 – 6 December 2021) was a Sudanese politician and neurosurgeon. He served as Minister of Foreign Affairs from May 15, 1988, to December 31, 1988, and again from February 13, 1993, to February 9, 1995.
# 1859 in New Zealand

"none" is preferred when the title is sufficiently descriptive
The following lists events that happened during 1859 in New Zealand.

## Incumbents
### Regal and viceregal

* Head of State — Queen Victoria
* Governor — Colonel Thomas Gore Browne

### Government and law

The 2nd Parliament continues.
* Speaker of the House — Sir Charles Clifford
* Premier — Edward Stafford.
* Minister of Finance — William Richmond is briefly replaced by Henry Sewell between 25 February and 26 April.
* Chief Justice — Hon George Arney

## Events

* 10 January – Pencarrow Head Lighthouse becomes the first permanent lighthouse in New Zealand. Its first keeper is Mary Bennett, the only woman to hold the position.
* 13 April – The New Zealand Advertiser starts publishing in Wellington. In 1867 it is incorporated into the New Zealand Times, but it is restored for six months in 1868.
* 3 October – The Auckland Independent begins publishing. It barely survives into the following year.
* 7 November – 18 December – four supplementary elections are held in new general electorates, increasing the number of members of parliament from 37 to 41.

### Undated

The first wharf is built at Onehunga.

## Births

* 1 January (in England): John Dumbell, rugby union player.
* 18 November (in Scotland): James Nairn, painter

### Unknown date

* Thomas Field, politician.
* Charles E. Major, politician.

## Deaths

* 7 April – John Gray, soldier, politician (born 1801)
* 20 April – James Kelly, Australian explorer who was involved in a feud on Otago Peninsula (born 1791)
* 30 April – Henry Despard, soldier (born c.1784)
* 20 July – Alexander Shepherd, public servant and second Colonial Treasurer (born c.1797)
# Nathaniel Pearce

Nathaniel Pearce (14 February 1779 – 12 August 1820) was an English explorer who spent many years in the Ethiopian Empire (then called 'Abyssinia' by Europeans) and wrote a journal of his experiences.

## Early life

Pearce was born in East Acton near London, and was educated at private schools, but, proving wild and incorrigible, was apprenticed to a carpenter and joiner in Duke Street, Grosvenor Square. He soon ran away to sea, and on his return was apprenticed to a leather-seller, whom he left suddenly to enlist on the cutter HMS Alert. In May 1794 he was taken prisoner by the French; but after many attempts succeeded in escaping, and served again in the Royal Navy.

## In Abyssinia

Many adventures followed. Deserting from HMS Antelope in July 1804, Pearce seems to have made his way to Mokha, Yemen and become a Muslim, but managed to reach, on 31 December 1804, the vessel that was conveying Viscount Valentia's mission to Abyssinia. After he arrived at Massawa on the Red Sea coast, he accompanied, in the summer of next year, Henry Salt as an English servant on his mission to the court of Ras Wolde Selassie of Tigray.
On Salt's departure in November, Pearce stayed behind in the service of the Ras. On more than one occasion he was compelled by jealous intriguers to quit the court, but by the autumn of 1807 he had made his position there secure. In 1808 he married the daughter of Sidee Paulus, a Greek. In 1810 he met Salt's second expedition, and escorted it from the coast and back. Pearce remained in Abyssinia till 1818, when he set out for Cairo on a visit to Salt. He reached Cairo in 1819, and, after a journey up the Nile, returned there and died in Alexandria from the results of exposure on 12 August 1820.
His journals, which are one long record of adventures, and contain a detailed account of the habits and customs of the Ethiopians, were edited by John James Halls, and published as The Life and Adventures of Nathaniel Pearce (London, 1831).
# Alafia

Alafia is a rural commune of the Cercle of Timbuktu in the Tombouctou Region of Mali. The main village and administrative centre is Toya. The commune is mostly desert and covers an area of 27,857 km$^2$. In the 2009 census the commune had a population of 13,318.
# Sergio Albiol

Sergio Plaza Albiol (born 11 March 1987) is a Spanish former footballer who played as a right-back.
He played one Segunda División match with Málaga B, and spent the rest of his career in the lower leagues.

## Club career

Born in Málaga, Andalusia, Albiol graduated from local Málaga CF's youth system. He made his professional debut with the reserves on 21 May 2006, playing the entire second half of a 4–1 Segunda División away loss against Real Madrid Castilla.
After spending five seasons in the Tercera División (where he represented Polideportivo Ejido B, Murallas de Ceuta FC and Vélez CF), Albiol first arrived in the Segunda División B in 2011, signing with Sporting Villanueva Promesas. He continued to compete at the latter level the following years, with Lucena CF (two stints), La Roda CF, FC Jumilla and Ontinyent CF.
On 28 March 2019, after the club's dissolution, Albiol left Ontinyent. He remained without a club until February 2020, when he joined Lorca FC on a short-term contract.
# Sam Jackson (second baseman)

Samuel Jackson (March 24, 1849 – August 4, 1930) was an English born professional baseball player. He played second base for the 1871 Boston Red Stockings and the 1872 Brooklyn Atlantics of the National Association.
# Fildu de Jos

Fildu de Jos (Hungarian: Alsófüld) is a commune located in the southern part of Sălaj County, Transylvania, Romania. Fildu de Jos is the contact point between Almaș Basin, the Meses Mountains and the northern part of the Huedin Basin, and is situated at 57 km from Zalău. It is composed of four villages: Fildu de Jos, Fildu de Mijloc (Középfüld), Fildu de Sus (Felsőfüld), and Tetișu (Ketesd).
Archeological excavations have brought to the surface traces of settlements which existed prior to the Roman occupation. The actual villages were situated along the main cross-roads between the Roman camps in the valley of the river Crișul Repede and Porolissum. Fildu de Jos was attested in 1249 under the name Terra Fyld, Fildu de Sus and Fildu de Mijloc in 1415 and Tetișu in 1399.

## Population and climate

At the 2002 census the population counted 1,583 inhabitants of which 63.10% were Romanians, 21.22% Hungarians, 15.47% Roma, and 0.21% were of other nationalities. At the 2011 census, there were 1,441 inhabitants; of those, 54.27% were Romanians, 22.83% Roma, and 20.75% Hungarians. At the 2021 census, Fildu de Jos had a population of 1,280, of which 50.86% were Romanians, 25.78% Roma, and 15.16% Hungarians.
Because of the favourable weather, agriculture is well represented by potato-growing and livestock-breeding.
The picturesque mountainous landscapes and the architectural monuments such as the wooden church "Pogorârea Sfântului Duh" dated from 1727 and entered in the national cultural patrimony, the wooden church "Sfinții Arhangheli" in Fildu de Jos (1630) and the reformed church in Tetișu (14th century) are the main important tourist spectacles.

## Wooden church of Fildu de Sus

The church was built in 1727 by the artist Freont Nicoara from Agrij and Chendre of Petre Brudului. The painting was executed in 1856 and is well preserved, but the painter remains unknown. Its central tower stands over 40 m tall. The last renovation was carried out in 1988-1999. It is considered by several authors to be representative of the traditional architecture of this region and is listed on the official list of historic monuments of Romania.
# Houdan

Houdan (French: ) is a commune of the Yvelines department 63 kilometres (39 mi) west of Paris in the north of France.

## History

The name has evolved from the Saxon "Hoding," meaning "settlement on the hill". Houdan is thought to have been inhabited since the 5th century. By the 12th century, two churches and a château were present.
During the Hundred Years' War, the town changed hands and was pillaged frequently. The town was destroyed; only the 12th century keep survives from that period. After the war, the town was ruled by the English until 1475.
Houdan is mentioned in the Prophecies of Nostradamus.
Houdan was a staging post on the road from Paris to Brittany, and many old inns are still standing.
Houdan was also an important poultry market for Paris and a breed is named after the town. The breed is ornamental, but is also used for its meat and white eggs.
It is the site of the Boldoflorine factory which over the years had transformed from absinthe distillery to producer of herbal remedies and tisanes. In the 2000s the factory was converted to residential use.

## Infrastructure

Houdan station is on the train line between Dreux station in Eure-et-Loir, and the Gare Montparnasse in Paris. It is on the route nationale 12 connecting Paris with Brittany, which once passed through, but now bypasses, the town.

## Attractions

* Vestiges of the old town wall fortifications, including a keep built around 1135.
* Houses of the 15th and 16th centuries.
* Church, 15th - 17th centuries, Gothic style containing an organ (1735), and a Renaissance-style choir.

## International relations

Houdan is twinned with:
* Pangbourne, United Kingdom
* Baïla, Sénégal
# Reproductive system disease

A reproductive system disease is any disease of the human reproductive system.

## Types
### Infections

Reproductive tract infection (RTI) are infections that affect the reproductive tract, which is part of the reproductive system. For females, reproductive tract infections can affect the upper reproductive tract (fallopian tubes, ovary and uterus) and the lower reproductive tract (vagina, cervix and vulva); for males these infections affect the penis, testicles, urethra or the vas deferens. The three types of reproductive tract infections are endogenous infections, iatrogenic infections and the more commonly known sexually transmitted infections. Each has its own specific causes and symptoms, caused by a bacterium, virus, fungus or other organism. Some infections are easily treatable and can be cured, some are more difficult, and some are non curable such as AIDS and herpes.

### Congenital abnormalities

Examples of congenital abnormalities of the reproductive system include:
* Kallmann syndrome - Genetic disorder causing decreased functioning of the sex hormone-producing glands caused by a deficiency of one or both testes from the scrotum.
* Androgen insensitivity syndrome - A genetic disorder causing people who are genetically male (i.e. XY chromosome pair) to develop sexually as a female due to an inability to utilize androgen.
* Intersexuality - A person who has genitalia and/or other sexual traits which are not clearly male or female.

### Examples of cancers

Examples of cancers of the reproductive system include:
* Benign prostatic hyperplasia
* Breast cancer - Cancer of the mammary gland
* Cervical cancer - Cancer of the cervix
* Ovarian cancer - Cancer of the ovary
* Penile cancer - Cancer of the penis
* Prostate cancer - Cancer of the prostate gland
* Uterine cancer - Cancer of the uterus
* Testicular cancer - Cancer of the testicle
* Vulvar cancer - Cancer of the vulva

### Examples of functional problems

Examples of functional problems of the reproductive system include:
* Impotence - The inability of a male to produce or maintain an erection.
* Hypogonadism - A lack of function of the gonads, in regards to either hormones or gamete production.
* Ectopic pregnancy - When a fertilized ovum is implanted in any tissue other than the uterine wall.
* Female sexual arousal disorder - A condition of decreased, insufficient, or absent lubrication in females during sexual activity
* Premature ejaculation - A lack of voluntary control over ejaculation.
* Dysmenorrhea - Is a medical condition of pain during menstruation that interferes with daily activities

### Endocrine

It is also known that disruption of the endocrine system by certain chemicals adversely affects the development of the reproductive system and can cause vaginal cancer. Many other reproductive diseases have also been link to exposure to synthetic and environmental chemicals. Common chemicals with known links to reproductive disorders include: lead, dioxins and dioxin-like compounds, styrene, toluene, BPA (Bisphenol A) and pesticides.
# Everybody Loves a Happy Ending / Call Me Mellow

"Everybody Loves a Happy Ending" / "Call Me Mellow" are songs by English pop rock band Tears for Fears, released as a double A-side single from their album Everybody Loves a Happy Ending.
The single peaked at number 45 on the Italian Singles Chart.

## Track listing
### Promotional CD5: Gut/PRCDGUT70

* "Call Me Mellow" (Simon Thornton Radio Edit) – 3:11
* "Call Me Mellow" (Steve Fitzmaurice Radio Edit) – 2:36
* "Call Me Mellow" (Dead Stereo Radio Edit) – 3:34
* "Everybody Loves a Happy Ending" (Steve Fitzmaurice Mix) – 2:34

### Promotional CD5: Gut/PRCDGUT70Y

* "Call Me Mellow" (MaUVe Club Mix) – 7:00
* "Call Me Mellow" (Tin Tin Out Coney Island Dub) – 7:19
* "Call Me Mellow" (Tin Tin Out Coney Island Club Mix) – 7:48
* "Call Me Mellow" (MaUVe Dub) – 6:48

### Commercial CD5: Gut/CDGUT70

* "Everybody Loves a Happy Ending" (Steve Fitzmaurice Mix) – 2:33
* "Call Me Mellow" (Album Version) – 3:37
* "Call Me Mellow" (Tin Tin Out Coney Island Club Mix) – 7:48

### Commercial 12″: Gut/12GUT70

* "Call Me Mellow" (Tin Tin Out Coney Island Club Mix) – 7:48
* "Everybody Loves a Happy Ending" (Steve Fitzmaurice Mix) – 2:33
* "Call Me Mellow" (Mauve Club Mix) – 6:58

## Charts

| Chart (2005) | Peak position |
| Italy (FIMI) "Call Me Mellow" | 45 |
| UK Singles (OCC) | 102 |
| UK Physical Singles (OCC) | 79 |
| UK Indie (OCC) | 13 |
# Roberto Ivens

Roberto Ivens (12 June 1850 in Ponta Delgada – 28 January 1898 in Dafundo, Oeiras) was a Portuguese explorer of Africa, geographer, colonial administrator, and an officer of the Portuguese Navy.

## Early life

Roberto Ivens was the son of Margarida Júlia de Medeiros Castelo Branco and Robert Breakspeare Ivens (1822–?). Margarida was of lower nobility and Roberto's Grandfather, William Ivens, was a merchant awarded the Ivens Arms by George III in 1816. Robert Breakspeare Ivens was a great-grandson of Thomas Hickling (Boston 1745–1836 Ponta Delgada) the American vice-consul in Ponta Delgada.
In 1861, Ivens attended the Navy School in Lisbon. At school Roberto was known as "Roberto of the Devil" and he became known as an intelligent young gentleman. He joined the Portuguese Navy in 1870 at the age of 20 and attended Escola Prática de Artilharia Naval in 1871. Ivens left for the Suez Canal in September of the same year, where he was the garrison of the Estefânia.

## Travels

Ivens began his travels in Angola in 1872. On 10 October 1874 he completed three years of travels in the colonies. Returning to Portugal in January 1875, Ivens made examination for lieutenant. In April 1875, he sailed on the Duque de Terceira for Portuguese São Tomé and Príncipe and various ports of South America.
In 1876, Ivens set out for the United States, bringing Portuguese products to Philadelphia for the Centennial Exposition. His ancestor, Thomas Hickling, had been an ardent American revolutionary, and had in fact left Boston for the Azores following an argument with his loyalist father.
Ivens went on an expedition into the provinces of Angola and Mozambique beginning on 11 May 1877, and studied relations between hydrographic basins in Zambezi. His hydrographic studies are considered even today to be "amazingly perfect". In the same year he was promoted to the rank of first lieutenant.
Ivens went on an expedition on 21 June 1885 at Quelimane in Mozambique. Ivens, as requested by the King Luís I, and in the aftermath of the Berlin Conference, to travel between Angola and Mozambique, which ended in over 4,500 miles (about 8,300 km) of which 1/3 was uncharted in what was called "Pink Map".
For his service to Portugal, Roberto had the honor of being named aide-de-camp to King Luís. In 1895, he was made Officer of Military Order of Aviz and was nominated on October 17 as secretary of the Commission of Cartography.

## Honours

Portugal has ten streets named after Roberto Ivens including one in Ponta Delgada named Avenida Roberto Ivens. Several schools are named in his honor, including Escola Básica Integrada Roberto Ivens, near his birthplace.
A species of African lizard, Lubuya ivensii, is named in his honor.
He was also portrayed in the 500 Angolan escudo banknote issued in 1956.
In 2019, TAP Air Portugal named an Airbus A321, registered CS-TXD, for Roberto Ivens.

## Partial list of works

* De Benguela às Terras de Iaca 1881
* De Angola à Contracosta 1886