OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Grazing in the Grass

"Grazing in the Grass" is an instrumental composed by Philemon Hou and first recorded by the South African trumpeter Hugh Masekela. Released in the United States as a single in 1968, it followed United States trumpeter Herb Alpert's vocal performance of "This Guy's in Love with You" to the top spot on the Hot 100 chart, ranking it as the 18th biggest hit of the year. The song also reached No. 15 Adult Contemporary. Masekela included the song in his albums Grazing in the Grass: The Best of Hugh Masekela (2001), Still Grazing (2004), and Live at the Market Theatre (2006).
Masekela's recording was inducted into the Grammy Hall of Fame in 2018.
A vocal version by American vocal group The Friends of Distinction, with lyrics by band member Harry Elston, was a US chart hit in 1969. "Grazing in the Grass" has been recorded by many other musicians.

## Hugh Masekela recording

The music was inspired by an earlier novelty recording, "Mr. Bull No. 4", by Freddie Gumbi, which Masekela had heard in Zambia, that started with a cowbell. When Masekela was recording his debut album, the running order was short by three minutes and his record company suggested he add the tune. Philemon Hou, an actor and singer who was present in the studio, came up with a new melody while the backing track was already being recorded. The session was held at Gold Star Studios in Hollywood.

## Personnel

* Hugh Masekela – trumpet
* Bruce Langhorne – guitar
* Al Abreu – alto sax
* William Henderson – piano
* Henry Franklin – bass
* Chuck Carter – drums, cowbell

## Charts

| Chart (1968) | Peak position |
| US Billboard Hot 100 | 1 |

## The Friends of Distinction version

The Friends of Distinction recorded a vocal remake of the tune in 1969 on RCA Victor, which was also a Top Ten pop and R&B hit, reaching No. 3 on the former and No. 5 on the latter. One of the group's members, Harry Elston, wrote lyrics for their version and sang lead vocals.

### Personnel

* The Friends of Distinction – vocals
* Max Bennett – electric bass
* Jim Gordon – drums
* Al Casey and Arthur Wright – guitars
* Gene Cipriano – piccolo flute
* John Audino, Anthony Terran, Bud Childers, Dalton Smith – trumpets
* King Errisson – congas
* Douglas Davis – cello
* Jim Horn – tenor saxophone
* Garry Nuttycombe – viola
* Harry Bluestone, Jimmy Getzoff – violins
* Jack Arnold – percussion
* Larry Knechtel – piano

## Legacy

The Friends of Distinction performed the song on The Ed Sullivan Show on December 27, 1970, and appeared in a cameo section of Season Episode 8 of the adult animated sitcom Family Guy. Their version also used in a 2023 TV commercial for Airbnb. A cover by Raven-Symoné is featured in the end credits of the animated film The Lion King 1½.

### Chart performance
#### Weekly charts

| Chart (1969) | Peak position |
| Canada RPM Top Singles | 5 |
| U.S. Billboard Hot 100 | 3 |
| U.S. Billboard Hot Soul/R&B Singles | 5 |
| U.S. Cash Box Top 100 | 6 |

#### Year-end charts

| Chart (1969) | Rank |
| Canada | 62 |
| U.S. Billboard Hot 100 | 17 |
| U.S. R&B (Billboard) | 42 |
| U.S. Cash Box Top 100 | 59 |
# Heinrich Jacob Goldschmidt

Heinrich Jacob Goldschmidt, also Heinrich Jakob Goldschmidt (12 April 1857, in Prague, Austria-Hungary – 20 September 1937, in Oslo, Norway), was a Jewish Austrian chemist who spent most of his career working in Norway. He studied chemistry at the Charles University in Prague, where he received his PhD in 1881. In the same year, he became professor at the ETH Zürich, where he worked with Victor Meyer. In 1888, his son Victor Goldschmidt was born; Victor later became a renowned mineralogist and founder of modern geochemistry. After working at the University of Amsterdam with Jacobus Henricus van 't Hoff in 1894 and 1895, Heinrich Goldschmidt became a full professor at the ETH. He left the ETH in 1901 for the University of Oslo. He worked there until his retirement in 1929 at the age of 72. As his son Victor became a professor for mineralogy at the University of Göttingen in 1929, he moved with him to Göttingen, but both had to leave there after the Nazis came to power, and father and son returned to Oslo in 1935. Heinrich Jacob Goldschmidt died in Oslo in 1937.
Goldschmidt was the thesis advisor for Nobel laureate Odd Hassel.
# Deepwater River

Deepwater River, a mostly perennial stream of the Dumaresq-Macintyre catchment within the Murray–Darling basin, is located in the Northern Tablelands district of New South Wales, Australia.
The river rises on the western slopes of the Great Dividing Range, near Old Man Gibber, east of Deepwater, and flows generally north northwest, west, and then west, before reaching its confluence with Bluff River to form the Mole River, near Sandy Flat; descending 479 metres (1,572 ft) over its 84 kilometres (52 mi) course.
The New England Highway crosses the river at the settlement of Deepwater.
# Draped Up

"Draped Up" is the first single from Bun B's solo debut album Trill. It samples elements from the song "Pimp Tha Pen" by DJ Screw. It features an intro from Lil' Keke. The official remix is on the album and it features Lil' Keke, Slim Thug, Chamillionaire, Paul Wall, Mike Jones, Aztek, Lil Flip, & Z-Ro. The music video features cameo appearances by Chingy, Devin The Dude, Kanye West, Scarface, Spice 1, Paul Wall, Mike Jones, Lil' Keke, Lil' Flip, Slim Thug, Z-Ro, Trae Tha Truth, Aztek, & Birdman. The song topped out at #45 on the U.S. Hot R&B Chart.

## Track listings
### CD

* "Draped Up (Radio Remix)"
* "Draped Up (Album Remix)"
* "Draped Up (Instrumental)"

## Charts

| Chart (2005–06) | Peak position |
| U.S. Billboard Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs | 45 |
# Pervomaysk, Nizhny Novgorod Oblast

Pervomaysk (Russian: Первома́йск) is a town in Nizhny Novgorod Oblast, Russia, located 190 kilometers (120 mi) south of Nizhny Novgorod. Population: 14,568 (2010 Census); 15,094 (2002 Census); 16,428 (1989 Soviet census); 16,000 (1974).

## History

Until 1951 the town was known as Tashino.

## Administrative and municipal status

Within the framework of administrative divisions, it is, together with one work settlement and forty-three rural localities, incorporated as the town of oblast significance of Pervomaysk—an administrative unit with the status equal to that of the districts. As a municipal division, the town of oblast significance of Pervomaysk is incorporated as Pervomaysk Urban Okrug.
Until July 2012, the town served as the administrative center of Pervomaysky District and, within the framework of administrative divisions, was incorporated as a town of district significance. As a municipal division, it was incorporated as Pervomaysk Urban Settlement within Pervomaysky Municipal District.

## Notable people

* Dmitry Larin (born 1973), football player and manager
* Gennady Ulanov (1929–2018), Soviet politician
# Lava Thomas

Lava Thomas (born 1958) is an American artist. She was born and raised in Los Angeles.

## Career

Thomas' art practice explores female subjectivity, social justice and changing historical discourses.
In 2015, she was selected by the City of San Francisco to create a monument to the writer Maya Angelou. However, the city rescinded its initial approval for the monument, citing objections to Thomas' proposed work by city supervisor Catherine Stefani, who had sponsored the legislation for the artwork. The city started its search for an artist anew, but in 2019, it reversed course and affirmed the original selection of Thomas. The city issued a public apology that stated "Due to our failures, we have caused significant harm to an incredibly talented Black woman artist, and we have caused deep pain to members of the Black artist community."
In 2015, she had a solo exhibition at the Museum of the African Diaspora. In 2018, she exhibited Mugshot Portraits: Women of the Montgomery Bus Boycott, which presented portraits of the women involved in the 1955–1956 Montgomery bus boycott.

## Collections

Her work is included in the collections of the Smithsonian American Art Museum, the San Francisco Museum of Modern Art and the Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts.

## Selected group exhibitions

* 2021 The Black Index (online only due to COVID-19 restrictions), University of California, Irvine (CAC Gallery), Irvine, California (January 14 – March 20, 2021) with Dennis Delgado, Alicia Henry, Kenyatta A.C. Hinkle, Titus Kaphar, and Whitfield Lovell.
# Chess columns in newspapers

The earliest known chess column appeared in the Lancet in 1823, but due to lack of popularity disappeared after less than a year.

## Historical development

The first column to establish itself was that of George Walker in Bells Life in 1834 which survived until 1873. From February 15, 1845, onwards it faced competition from Howard Staunton's column in the Illustrated London News, a column which outlived Walker's, but only by 5 years. During this time a chess column also appeared in the Pictorial Times lasting from February 1845 to June 1848.
In 1882 Henry Bird in his Chess History and Reminiscences estimated that there were 150 chess columns. Less than thirty years later in 1913 H. J. R. Murray in his A History of Chess estimated there existed at least 1,000 chess columns worldwide.
George Koltanowski became the chess columnist for the San Francisco Chronicle, which carried his chess column every day for the next 52 years until his death, publishing an estimated 19,000 columns. American Grandmaster Robert Byrne wrote a column for The New York Times from 1972 to 2006. GM Lubomir Kavalek's column in The Washington Post ran from 1986 to 2010. GM Nigel Short wrote a chess column for the Sunday Telegraph from 1995 to 2005, and then for The Guardian from 2005 to 2006. GM Jon Speelman wrote for The Guardian from 2005 to 2008. GM Patrick Wolff was co-writing a column for the Boston Globe in 2012.

## Current day

Raymond Keene's column appears daily in The Times and Sunday Times. Bill Cornwall's "Chess: A Knight's Tour" has been published by Tribune since 1993, and appears in the Sun-Sentinel and Los Angeles Times.
A record of longevity has been achieved by Leonard Barden, who still writes weekly chess columns for The Guardian and has done since September 1955 (61 years as of August 2017), and daily columns for the London Evening Standard since June 1956 (61 years as of August 2017).
As of June 2022 the writer for the New York Times chess column is Daniel Naroditsky.

## Sources

* ↑ "Why You Shouldn't Mourn the Passing of the New York Times Chess Column". 14 October 2014.
* ↑ "Why You Shouldn't Mourn the Passing of the New York Times Chess Column". 14 October 2014.
* ↑ "Nigel Short terminated – again". 26 October 2006.
* ↑ "Weekly chess column - the Boston Globe".
* ↑ Cornwall, Bill (May 16, 1993). "Even The Masters Suffer Chess Blindness Chess: A Knight's Tour". Sun Sentinel. Archived from the original on September 26, 2015. Retrieved November 20, 2017.
* ↑ Greenslade, Roy (2016-10-26). "New record for Leonard Barden, grandmaster of newspaper chess columns". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 2017-08-09.
* ↑ Amlen, Deb (June 12, 2022). "Meet The Times's New Chess Columnist". The New York Times.
* The main bibliographical source for chess columns is Ken Whyld's 'Chess Columns: A List' (Caissa-90, Olomouc, 2002).
# Marco Micone

Marco Micone (born March 23, 1945) is an Italian-Canadian playwright and journalist. He was born in Montelongo, Italy and emigrated to Montreal in 1958.

## Biography

Marco Micone grew up in Montreal and since he was thirteen when he arrived he spoke, read and wrote in Italian. In high school, he read Gabrielle Roy's novel, Petite poule d'eau and discovered Quebec literature. He earned French degrees from Loyola College and McGill University where he wrote an M.A. thesis (1971) on the theatre of Marcel Dubé. He spent his professional career teaching Italian at Vanier College in Montreal, but was also involved in community and political activities as a spokesperson for immigrant issues. In the 1970s he joined the Parti Québécois, the nationalist movement in Quebec.

## Work in Theatre and Literature

Micone wrote and staged his first French play, Gens du silence in 1980 and became a voice for the voiceless Italian immigrants of Quebec. It was published in 1982 and the English translation, Voiceless People in 1984. The English version was staged in Vancouver in 1986. The first French-language play to critically examine the immigrant conditions in Quebec it went on to achieve great success with repeated productions. Micone's dialectical style took a feminist turn with Addolorata staged in 1983 published in 1984, a play that focuses on the condition of immigrant women. The third play in Micone's trilogy, Déjà l'agonie staged 1986, published 1988, has a pessimistic tone as it considers the lost culture of the immigrant and the abandoned villages in Italy. He published a one-act play, Babele in 1989. Micone published a controversial poem, Speak What 1989 in response to Michèle Lalonde's poem, Speak White. Micone also published a book of biographical essays, Le Figuier enchanté(1992).
Marco Micone worked as a French translator for theatres in Quebec and adapted a number of classical Italian plays for Montreal audiences among which are Pirandello's Sei personaggi in cerca d'autore(1992), Goldoni's La Locandiera (1993), La Serva amorosa (1997), Le donne di buon umore(2000), La vedova scaltra (2002), and Gozzi's Angelino belverde (1998). His translation of Shakespeare's The Taming of the Shrew produced in 1995 was given a feminist adaptation. Micone also published many magazine articles which engage in the controversies of Quebec politics and the conditions of immigrants in a nationalist society.

## Bibliography for Marco Micone

* Gens du silence. Montreal: Amérique 1982
** Voiceless People. Montreal: Guernica, 1984
* Addolorata. Montreal: Guernica, 1984
** Two Plays: Voiceless People, Addolorata. Montreal: Guernica, 1988
* Déjà l'agonie. Montreal: l'Hexagone, 1988
** Beyond the Ruins. Toronto: Guernica, 1995
* Le Figuier enchanté. Montreal: Boréal, 1992
** La Locandiera. transl. of Goldoni. Montreal: Boréal, 1993
* Speak what: suivi d'une analyse de Lise Gauvin. Montreal: VLB Editeur, 2001
* Silences. Montreal: VLB, 2004
* Migrances, suivi de Una Donna. Montreal: VLB, 2005
# Vitaliy Pryndeta

Vitaliy Valeriyovych Pryndeta (Ukrainian: Віталій Валерійович Приндета; born 2 February 1993) is a Ukrainian professional footballer who plays as a midfielder for Kazakh side Kaisar.

## Career

Pryndeta began his playing career with FC BRV-VIK Volodymyr-Volynskyi youth team. Than in age 15 he joined FC Volyn Lutsk in the Ukrainian First League. He made his first team debut entering as a second-half substitute against PFC Sevastopol on 17 August 2008.

### Desna Chernihiv

In summer 2019 he signed for Desna Chernihiv.

## Honours
### Akzhayik

* Kazakhstan Cup: runner-up: 2022
# Échauffour

Échauffour (French pronunciation: ) is a commune in the Orne department in north-western France.

## Geography

The commune is on the borders of the country of Ouche and the campaign of Alençon. Its village is 4.5 km northwest of Sainte-Gauburge-Sainte-Colombe, 9 km north-east of Merlerault, 11 km south-east of Gacé and 20 km west of L'Aigle.
Covering 3,314 hectares, the territory of Échauffour is the largest in the canton of Merlerault.
The Commune is one of 30 communes that make up the Natura 2000 protected area of Bocages et vergers du sud Pays d'Auge.

## Name

The name of the locality is attested in the forms Escalfo in 1050 and Scalfou around 1053. The toponym would be linked to the presence of lime kilns: ès chaufours (former French: "in the lime kilns"). It can also be derived from the old French cracked ("split, burst") crazy ("beech").
The residents are called Échauffouriens.

## Politics

The current mayor is Luc Féret who replaced Claude Burin in 2008.

## Places and monuments

* St. Andrew's Church.
* The castle built around the year 1000, by Helgon, after attribution of the estate by Richard II of Normandy and belonging to the Giroie family by marriage until the 14th century, is replaced in the 15th century by a fortified house. The house is remodeled and enlarged in the 18th century. The 18th century farmhouse was remodeled in the 19th century. 15th century chapel.
* At a place called Old town, the castle of the eighteenth where resided the Marquis de Sade. No plaque indicates this stay.
* The three menhirs of Crouttes classified as a Monument historique. A dolmen is also present at Les Brossettes.
Churches St. Andrew (fifteenth century), former Benedictine priory, and St. Germain (fifteenth century). Both buildings house many works classified as objects to the Historical Monuments.
* Gare Échauffour.
* St Andrews church

## Sports

The Échauffour Sports Union has made a football team evolve into a district division until 2012.

## Personalities linked to the commune

In 1763, following a first scandal, the case Jeanne Testard, the Marquis de Sade is under house arrest for four months at the castle d'Échauffour, property of his father-in-law, Claude-René de Montreuil, president of the court of the aides of Paris. The Marquise de Sade, Renée-Pélagie de Montreuil, after her separation from the Marquis in 1790, resided in the castle with her daughter for most of the year until her death in 1810. One can still read their names engraved on the tombstone, in the small cemetery of the village.
* Paul Harel (1854 to Échauffour - 1927), poet, innkeeper and man of the press.
* Denise d'Échauffour, abbess of the abbey to the Ladies of Caen from 1141 to 1160.
* Marie-Thérèse Auffray (1912-1990 to Échauffour), artist and member of the French resistance during WWII.
# Bertice Reading

Bertice Reading (July 22, 1933 – June 8, 1991) was an American-born actress, singer and revue artiste, who was based in England for most of her career.

## Early life and career

Reading was born in Chester, Pennsylvania. Her performing career started at the age of 3, when she was talent-spotted by Bill "Bojangles" Robinson.
She appeared in the all-black revue The Jazz Train, in Paris in the spring of 1955 and at the Piccadilly Theatre in London. In this show she had notable success playing the great blues singer Bessie Smith. Adept at a whole range of musical styles, from gospel to blues to musical comedy, in addition to her talent, Reading also had a striking appearance and a renowned sense of humour.
Her straight-acting performance as a nurse in William Faulkner's play Requiem for a Nun in 1957 earned her a nomination for a Tony Award when it transferred to Broadway. She also appeared in the 1958 musical Valmouth, adapted from a Ronald Firbank novel of the same name. The next years saw Reading spending time abroad in cabaret, as well as having two marriages.
In 1979 she appeared at the Roundhouse in London in Only In America, a tribute show to the musical composers Jerry Leiber and Mike Stoller. In the 1980s she presented many one-woman shows, usually debuting at the Kings Head Theatre Club in Islington, London.
Reading appeared but did not sing in a 1981 music video by UK soul/funk band Linx for their album's title track "Intuition".
In 1982, Reading she appeared in the Sandy Wilson musical Valmouth at the Chichester Festival Theatre playing Mrs Yajñavalkya. It was in 1982 that Reading married Thomas R.V. Blake with a ceremony held in Chichester.
In the 1985 solo show Every Inch a Lady, Reading donned a pink satin tutu and danced to a version of The Sugar Plum Fairy, which had been choreographed by the dancer Wayne Sleep.
Reading appeared in the 1986 film version of Little Shop of Horrors, as the "Downtown" older woman, who sings the beginning words to the song "Skid Row (Downtown)". In the summer of 1986 she recorded a disco album with producer Ian Levine, which she appeared on TV-AM's Good Morning Britain to promote.
She also appeared in South Pacific as Bloody Mary in Bournemouth in 1987 and at the Bristol Hippodrome.

## Death

Reading died at the age of 57 in London, following a stroke, although her age was initially misreported as 54.
# Mount Whyte

Mount Whyte is a mountain in Alberta, Canada located in Banff National Park, near Lake Louise. The mountain can be seen from the Trans-Canada Highway, and offers views of the Valley of the Ten Peaks, including the Chateau Lake Louise. The mountain is also visible from the hiking trail that skirts the northern shore of Lake Agnes.
The mountain was named in 1898 by Sir William Methuen after William Whyte, a representative of the Canadian Pacific Railway.

## Climbing

Mt. Whyte is usually combined with Mount Niblock (2,976 m (9,764 ft)) when done as a scramble. However, while Mt. Niblock is rated a moderate scramble, Mt. Whyte is much more difficult due to additional exposure and loose rock. The scramble should not be attempted in snowy conditions due to considerable fall distance which would likely prove fatal.
For rock climbers, the Perren Route (II 5.6) is another option. While mostly a scramble as well, a short section of difficult climbing near the top in addition to route finding challenges and loose rock will not make it an easy ascent.

## Geology

Like other mountains in Banff Park, Mount Whyte is composed of sedimentary rock laid down during the Precambrian to Jurassic periods. Formed in shallow seas, this sedimentary rock was pushed east and over the top of younger rock during the Laramide orogeny.

## Climate

Based on the Köppen climate classification, Mount Whyte is located in a subarctic climate zone with cold, snowy winters, and mild summers. Winter temperatures can drop below -20 °C with wind chill factors below -30 °C.

## Gallery

* East aspect in winter
# Mount Wilcox (Alberta)

Mount Wilcox (also known as Wilcox Peak) is a 2,884-metre (9,462-foot) mountain summit located in the Canadian Rockies of Alberta, Canada. It is located in Jasper National Park right beside the Columbia Icefield visitor centre with the Icefields Parkway traversing the western base of the mountain. Its nearest higher peak is Nigel Peak, 3.35 km (2.08 mi) to the northeast. Mount Wilcox is a moderate scramble from Wilcox Pass. Due to its location, it provides one of the best views of the Athabasca Glacier.

## History

The mountain was named Wilcox Peak by J. Norman Collie in 1899 after Walter D. Wilcox, an early explorer of the Canadian Rockies who also made the first ascent of the peak in 1896. The mountain's Wilcox Peak name was officially adopted in 1924 by the Geographical Names Board of Canada. The Board changed it to Mount Wilcox in 1928, until ultimately reverting to Wilcox Peak in 1956.

## Climate

Based on the Köppen climate classification, Wilcox Peak is located in a subarctic climate with cold, snowy winters, and mild summers. Temperatures can drop below -20 °C with wind chill factors below -30 °C. In terms of favorable weather, June through September are the best months to climb. Precipitation runoff from the peak flows into the Sunwapta River which in turn is a tributary of the Athabasca River.

## Gallery

* Wilcox's north ridge seen from Tangle Ridge
* Mount Wilcox seen from Athabasca Glacier.
* Mount Wilcox seen from Wilcox Pass
* Mt. Andromeda as seen from Wilcox Pass
# Alastair Smith (RAF officer)

Air Vice-Marshal Alastair Peter Thomas Smith is a senior Royal Air Force officer. He serves as commander, Joint Aviation Command.

## RAF career

Smith was commissioned into the RAF on 20 April 1990. After serving as commanding officer of RAF Shawbury, he became Assistant Chief of Staff (Military Strategy and Defence Engagement) in August 2020 and commander, Joint Helicopter Command in March 2023, which became Joint Aviation Command in May 2024.