OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Domenico Silvio Passionei

Domenico Silvio Passionei (2 December 1682 – 5 July 1761) was an Italian Cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church.

## Biography

Domenico Silvio Passionei was born in Fossombrone near Urbino, Marche, the second of the two children of Count Benedetto Passionei and Virginia Sabatelli. At the age of thirteen, he went to Rome in 1695, where he studied philosophy at the Collegio Clementino, an elite school for young noblemen. He studied law at the university La Sapienza. Already in these early years he corresponded with scholars throughout Europe, including Protestants and Jansenists.
In 1706, he was sent to Paris, where he stayed for two years as secretary to his relative, Cardinal Filippo Antonio Gualterio. Later he traveled through the Netherlands, where he participated as official representative of the Holy See at the peace conferences of The Hague (1708) and Utrecht (1712). However, he temporarily retired from 1717 (after his father's death) to his estate in Fossombrone.
While at the Collegio Clementino, Passionei studied music. An enthusiastic amateur musician and composer, during his temporary retirement, Passoinei composed a set of twelve cello sonatas, which he published in 1718.
Under the new Pope Innocent XIII, he was named Nuncio in Lucerne, Switzerland, and also made titulary archbishop of Ephesus. From 1730 to 1738, he was Nuncio in Vienna, where he blessed the marriage of Princess Maria Theresa. In 1738, he was created Cardinal Priest of San Bernardo alle Terme, and three years later, he became pro-librarian of the Vatican Library to Cardinal Angelo Maria Quirini, whom he would succeed as librarian in 1755. He was also a corresponding member of Societas eruditorum incognitorum in terris Austriacis.
As Cardinal priest of San Bernardo alle Terme, Passionei had an apartment built on the second floor of the monastery. Intended for use during annual spiritual devotions, it was also used to entertain friends and house a collection of books and impressive portrait prints.
Passionei was decidedly anti-Jesuit, opposing the beatification of the Jesuit Cardinal Bellarmine in 1754. Other than that, he was a proponent of a liberal Catholicism and considered a protector of Jansenists, and defended authors like Montesquieu and Helvétius in Index trials. He was also a manuscript collector, minuscule 847 and minuscule 848 were his manuscripts.
Passionei retired to a Camaldolese monastery near Frascati where he died on July 5, 1761, from complications of a stroke.
# Nancy Mairs

Nancy Mairs (née Smith; July 23, 1943 – December 3, 2016) was an author who wrote about diverse topics, including spirituality, women's issues and her experiences living with multiple sclerosis.

## Life

Mairs was born on July 23, 1943, in Long Beach, California.
She was diagnosed with multiple sclerosis (MS) when she was 28, and began using a wheelchair soon after. She wrote several essays on her experiences as a self-described "cripple", including "On Being a Cripple," "Sex and the Gimpy Girl," and the memoir Waist High in the World.
In her 30s, she converted to Roman Catholicism, a faith that she frequently wrote about in her essays.
She was married to George Mairs.
Nancy Mairs died in Tucson, Arizona on December 3, 2016.

## Career

She earned an AB from Wheaton College in 1964.
Prior to attending graduate school, Mairs worked at the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory in Cambridge and the International Tax Program at Harvard Law School.
She went on to earn an MFA in writing in 1975 and a Ph.D. in 1983; both graduate degrees were from the University of Arizona.
Her PhD dissertation became the book that was eventually published as the essay collection Plaintext (1986).
Mairs published poetry and essays regularly, and was particularly well known for writing about her experiences as a woman with a physical disability.
She also wrote about her experiences with managing depression.
In 2011, Palgrave published On the Literary Nonfiction of Nancy Mairs: A Critical Anthology, an edited collection of her essays with commentaries on and essays about her work.

## Works

In All the Rooms of the Yellow House (1984)
Plaintext:Deciphering a Woman’s Life (1986) Remembering the Bonehouse (1989) Carnal Acts (1990) Ordinary Time (1993) Voice Lessons (1994) Waist-High in the World: A Life Among the Nondisabled (1996) Voice Lessons: On Becoming a (Woman) Writer (1997) A Troubled Guest: Life and Death Stories (2001) Essays Out Loud: On Having Adventures & A Necessary End (CD) (2004) A Dynamic God: Living an Unconventional Catholic Faith (2007)
# Medial arcuate ligament

The medial arcuate ligament (also medial lumbocostal arch and internal arcuate ligament) is a tendinous fascia that arches over the psoas major muscle as it passes posterior the diaphragm.
The purpose of the medial arcuate ligament is to attach the diaphragm to the spine (lumbar vertebra L1 - L2)

## Structure

The medial arcuate ligament is an arch in the fascia covering the upper part of the psoas major. It is attached to the side of the body of the first or second lumbar vertebra, laterally, it is fixed to the front of the transverse process of the first and, sometimes also, to that of the second lumbar vertebra.
It lies between the lateral arcuate ligament and the midline median arcuate ligament.
The sympathetic chain enters the abdomen by passing deep into this ligament of the diaphragm. This is in contrast to the parasympathetic vagus nerve which passes through the esophageal hiatus.
# SI

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#REDIRECT International System of Units
# Baguley tram stop

Baguley tram stop is a tram stop on the Airport Line, built for phase 3B of the Manchester Metrolink to Manchester Airport. It opened on 3 November 2014 and is on Southmoor Road next to Roundthorn Industrial Estate and a Tesco supermarket.
It is located near to the former Baguley railway station. It has long been proposed to reopen this station for an interchange.

## Services
### Metrolink

Trams run every 12 minutes north to Victoria and south to Manchester Airport.
| Preceding station | Manchester Metrolink | Manchester Metrolink | Manchester Metrolink | Following station |
| Roundthorntowards Manchester Airport | | Manchester Airport–Victoria | | Moor Roadtowards Victoria |

### Metrolink ticket zones

Baguley is located in Metrolink ticket zone 3.

### Proposed Rail services

Trains are scheduled to run along the Stockport-Altrincham line between Manchester Piccadilly station and Chester, where trains currently run every hour in the off-peak period. However, additional trains are proposed between Greenbank and Stockport which could give Baguley 4 trains per hour.
# Jennifer Schuur

Jennifer Schuur is an American television writer and producer best known for her work on series such as Big Love and Hellcats. She served as a producer on the NBC psychological thriller Hannibal. In 2015, she created and produced season one of the legal drama series The Catch alongside Shonda Rhimes for ABC, but exited as show runner due to creative differences. More recently, she signed an overall deal with HBO.

## Television career

In addition to the above, Schuur has also written singular episodes for the series Big Shots and Valentine. In 2013, Schuur's episode of Hannibal, entitled "Œuf", was pulled from broadcasting due to the episode's controversial content. A portion of the episode was edited into a series of webisodes and made available online.
# Ernie Kell

Ernest Eugene Kell Jr. (July 5, 1928 – April 29, 2017) served as mayor of Long Beach, California from 1984 to 1994, and as a city councilor for 13 years.

## Life and career

Kell was born into modest circumstances on a farm in Washburn, North Dakota. His family moved to Wilmington during the Great Depression, where he would graduate from Phineas Banning High School. He received an associate degree from Long Beach City College, and attended California State University, Long Beach.
Kell was a United States Merchant Marine, and also United States Army veteran of the Korean War. He would later own a drafting and contracting company. In 1973, he married his wife Jackie, herself a Long Beach city councilor from 1998 to 2006. Kell died from cancer at his home in the El Dorado Park neighborhood of Long Beach. He was 88.
# Leftover Cuties

Leftover Cuties are an American band formed in Los Angeles, California, in 2008. The band consists of Shirli McAllen (lead vocals, ukulele), Austin Nicholsen (bass, vocals), Mike Bolger (brass, keys, accordion, vocals), and Stuart Johnson (drums, percussion, vocals). The Showtime original series The Big C used a song by the band as its theme music. The band has received coverage in Paste magazine and The A.V. Club. The band's most recent album, Little Big Room, was released March 27, 2020.

## Discography

| Album | Year |
| Game Called Life | 2009 |
| Places to Go | 2011 |
| Departures | 2012 |
| Christmas Time Is Here | 2012 |
| The Spark & the Fire | 2013 |
| Little Big Room | 2020 |
# The Barley Barn

The Barley Barn is an architecturally important medieval barn, part of a complex of farm buildings at Cressing Temple, Essex, England. The barn was built for the Knights Templar in the early thirteenth century (dendrochronological analysis has given a date of around 1220). It has been claimed to be the oldest standing timber-framed barn in the world.

## History

The manor of Cressing was granted to the Knights Templar in the 12th century, and they are assumed to have commissioned the barn. Scientific evidence suggests a felling date for the timber of the barn of around 1220.
Pope Clement V disbanded the order in 1312. The estate at Cressing passed to the Knights Hospitaller. It has since had other changes of ownership. The barn was modified in later centuries, but remained in agricultural use until recent times.

## Architecture

The Barley Barn is 38 metres (125 ft) long and 14 metres (46 ft) wide. Its construction displays 13th century features such as the use of straight square-section timber, passing braces, and certain types of joints and methods of assembly.

### Roof

The roof has been tiled from the beginning, and would have weighed close to 70 tonnes.

## Conservation

The Barley Barn is a Grade I listed building. Essex County Council acquired Cressing Temple in the 1980s and it has been converted into a heritage attraction.
# 1990 World Junior Championships in Athletics – Women's 4 × 100 metres relay

The women's 4x100 metres relay event at the 1990 World Junior Championships in Athletics was held in Plovdiv, Bulgaria, at Deveti Septemvri Stadium on 11 and 12 August.

## Medalists

| Gold | Gillian Russell Revolie Campbell Merlene Frazer Nikole Mitchell Jamaica |
| Silver | Annabel Soper Diane Smith Donna Fraser Katharine Merry United Kingdom |
| Bronze | Monifa Taylor Tisha Prather Angela Burnham Zundra Feagin United States |

## Results
### Final

12 August
| Rank | Nation | Competitors | Time |
| | Jamaica | Gillian Russell Revolie Campbell Merlene Frazer Nikole Mitchell | 43.82 |
| | United Kingdom | Annabel Soper Diane Smith Donna Fraser Katharine Merry | 44.16 |
| | United States | Monifa Taylor Tisha Prather Angela Burnham Zundra Feagin | 44.50 |
| 4 | Soviet Union | Dina Makarenko Yana Burtasenkova Yelena Dubtsova Yelena Fyodorovich | 44.86 |
| 5 | Australia | Rebecca Vormister Melinda Gainsford Cathy Freeman Fiona Blair | 45.01 |
| 6 | Bulgaria | Galina Dikova Petya Pendareva Desislava Dimitrova Ilana Ivanova | 45.64 |
| 7 | New Zealand | Briar Toop Yvette McCausland Anna Shattky Heather Shanks | 46.47 |
| | West Germany | Silke Lichtenhagen Gabi Rockmeier Birgit Rockmeier Katja Seidel | DNF |

### Heats

11 August

#### Heat 1

| Rank | Nation | Competitors | Time | Notes |
| 1 | West Germany | Silke Lichtenhagen Gabi Rockmeier Birgit Rockmeier Katja Seidel | 44.95 | Q |
| 2 | United States | Monifa Taylor Tisha Prather Angela Burnham Juliana Yendork | 45.25 | Q |
| 3 | Australia | Rebecca Vormister Melinda Gainsford Anne Minns Fiona Blair | 45.49 | q |
| 4 | Bulgaria | Galina Dikova Petya Pendareva Desislava Dimitrova Ilana Ivanova | 45.64 | q |
| 5 | Spain | Begoña Yúdice Cristina Veiga Alicia Valentin Lisette Ferri | 46.53 | |

#### Heat 2

| Rank | Nation | Competitors | Time | Notes |
| 1 | Jamaica | Gillian Russell Revolie Campbell Merlene Frazer Nikole Mitchell | 44.58 | Q |
| 2 | United Kingdom | Annabel Soper Diane Smith Donna Fraser Katharine Merry | 44.71 | Q |
| 3 | Soviet Union | Dina Makarenko Larisa Dolmatova Yelena Dubtsova Yelena Fyodorovich | 45.16 | q |
| 4 | New Zealand | Briar Toop Yvette McCausland Anna Shattky Heather Shanks | 46.22 | q |
| 5 | Austria | Ute Dallner Dagmar Hölbl Doris Auer Elke Wölfling | 46.59 | |

## Participation

According to an unofficial count, 43 athletes from 10 countries participated in the event.
* Australia (5)
* Austria (4)
* Bulgaria (4)
* Jamaica (4)
* New Zealand (4)
* Soviet Union (5)
* Spain (4)
* United Kingdom (4)
* United States (5)
* West Germany (4)
# 2002 World Junior Championships in Athletics – Women's 4 × 100 metres relay

The women's 4x100 metres relay event at the 2002 World Junior Championships in Athletics was held in Kingston, Jamaica, at National Stadium on 20 and 21 July.

## Medalists

| Gold | Sherone Simpson Kerron Stewart Anneisha McLaughlin Simone Facey Jamaica |
| Silver | Lauryn Williams Ashlee Williams Shalonda Solomon Marshevet Hooker United States |
| Bronze | Jade Lucas-Read Jeanette Kwakye Amy Spencer Vernicha James United Kingdom |

## Results
### Final

21 July
| Rank | Nation | Competitors | Time | Notes |
| | Jamaica | Sherone Simpson Kerron Stewart Anneisha McLaughlin Simone Facey | 43.40 | |
| | United States | Lauryn Williams Ashlee Williams Shalonda Solomon Marshevet Hooker | 43.66 | |
| | United Kingdom | Jade Lucas-Read Jeanette Kwakye Amy Spencer Vernicha James | 44.22 | |
| 4 | Germany | Kathrin Walloschek Silke Maurer Johanna Kedzierski Michaela Halm | 45.34 | |
| 5 | Finland | Siina Pylkkä Elina Korjansalo Carla Bosco Anna Heiniö | 45.62 | |
| 6 | South Africa | Monique Balsamo Cindy Stewart Chantelle Terblanche Carla Fick | 46.16 | |
| 7 | Switzerland | Carmen Kissling Saskia Girsberger Melanie Stempfel Manuela Frei | 46.33 | |
| | France | Sandra Gomis Natalia Losange Narayane Dossévi Phara Anacharsis | DQ | IAAF rule 170.14 |

### Heats

20 July

#### Heat 1

| Rank | Nation | Competitors | Time | Notes |
| 1 | Jamaica | Sherone Simpson Nadine Palmer Kerron Stewart Simone Facey | 43.85 | Q |
| 2 | United Kingdom | Jade Lucas-Read Danielle Norville Amy Spencer Vernicha James | 44.49 | Q |
| 3 | France | Sandra Gomis Natalia Losange Narayane Dossévi Phara Anacharsis | 45.24 | q |
| 4 | Finland | Siina Pylkkä Elina Korjansalo Carla Bosco Anna Heiniö | 45.63 | q |
| 5 | South Africa | Monique Balsamo Cindy Stewart Chantelle Terblanche Carla Fick | 46.03 | q |
| | Australia | Jacinta Boyd Alicia Spencer Shermin Oksuz Kylie Bent | DQ | |

#### Heat 2

| Rank | Nation | Competitors | Time | Notes |
| 1 | United States | Lauryn Williams Allyson Felix Marshevet Hooker Shalonda Solomon | 43.92 | Q |
| 2 | Germany | Kathrin Walloschek Silke Maurer Johanna Kedzierski Michaela Halm | 45.77 | Q |
| 3 | Switzerland | Carmen Kissling Saskia Girsberger Melanie Stempfel Manuela Frei | 45.96 | q |
| 4 | Saint Kitts and Nevis | Julieta Johnson Tiandra Ponteen Nathandra John Virgil Hodge | 46.14 | |
| 5 | Senegal | Adja Ndiaye Fatou Diabaye Gnima Faye Fatoumata Coly | 47.55 | |
| | Canada | Kerri-Ann Mitchell Oluwatoyin Olupona Ashley Purnell Krysia Bayley | DNF | |

## Participation

According to an unofficial count, 51 athletes from 12 countries participated in the event.
* Australia (4)
* Canada (4)
* Finland (4)
* France (4)
* Germany (4)
* Jamaica (5)
* Saint Kitts and Nevis (4)
* Senegal (4)
* South Africa (4)
* Switzerland (4)
* United Kingdom (5)
* United States (5)
# 2021 World Athletics U20 Championships – Women's 4 × 100 metres relay

The women's 4 × 100 metres relay at the 2021 World Athletics U20 Championships was held at the Kasarani Stadium on 22 August.

## Records

Standing records prior to the 2021 World Athletics U20 Championships :
| World U20 Record | Germany | 43.27 | Grosseto, Italy | 23 July 2017 |
| Championship Record | Jamaica | 43.40 | Kingston, Jamaica | 21 July 2002 |
| World U20 Leading | United States | 43.71 | Austin, United States | 27 March 2021 |

## Results

The final was held on 22 August at 16:32.
| Rank | Lane | Nation | Athletes | Time | Notes |
| | 5 | Jamaica | Serena Cole, Tina Clayton, Kerrica Hill, Tia Clayton | 42.94 | WU20R |
| | 2 | Namibia | Ndawana Haitembu, Beatrice Masilingi, Nandi Tjanjeua Vass, Christine Mboma | 43.76 | NU20R NR |
| | 4 | Nigeria | Praise Ofoku, Favour Ofili, Anita Taviore, Tima Seikeseye Godbless | 43.90 | SB |
| 4 | 3 | Poland | Dorota Puzio, Monika Romaszko, Marta Zimna, Magdalena Niemczyk | 44.31 | NU20R |
| 5 | 7 | Czech Republic | Eva Kubíčková, Tereza Lamačová, Barbora Šplechtnová, Lucie Mičunková | 44.35 | NU20R |
| 6 | 1 | South Africa | Marione Fourie, Charlize Eilerd, Kayla La Grange, Viwe Jingqi | 45.05 | NU20R |
| | 8 | Finland | Tanja Kokkonen, Anna Pursiainen, Johanna Kylmänen, Sonja Stång | DNF | |
| | 6 | Italy | Gaya Bertello, Elisa Visentin, Alessandra Iezzi, Arianna Battistella | DQ | TR24.7 |
# Savon Scarver

Savon Scarver (born December 23, 1998) is an American professional football wide receiver. He previously played for the Ottawa Redblacks of the Canadian Football League (CFL). He played college football at Utah State.

## Early life

Scarver played high school football at Centennial High School in Las Vegas. Scarver was a three-star recruit coming out of high school and committed to play football at Utah State.

## College career

After recording 156 receiving yards, two receiving touchdowns, 742 return yards, and two return touchdowns, he was named a Consensus All-American as an all-purpose back. For his efforts, he was named the recipient of the 2018 Jet Award, given to the top return specialist in college football.

## Professional career
### Chicago Bears

Scarver signed with the Chicago Bears as an undrafted free agent on May 6, 2022, but was waived three days later.

### Ottawa Redblacks

Scarver signed with the Ottawa Redblacks as a member of their practice squad on September 22, 2022, but did not play in a game in 2022. In 2023, Scarver played in the first five regular season games where he recorded seven receptions for 69 yards and three punt returns for 18 yards. He was then demoted to the practice roster and then later released on July 26, 2023.

### Toronto Argonauts

On February 7, 2024, it was announced that Scarver had signed with the Toronto Argonauts. However, he was released during training camp on May 19, 2024.
# Kasper Kisum

Kasper Kisum (born 20 August 1992) is a Danish handball player for Saint-Raphaël VHB.
He played with the German champions league winner club SG Flensburg-Handewitt, starting from the 2014–15 season.

## Accomplishments

RK Eurofarm Pelister
* Macedonian Handball Super League
       1st: 2023
# Tartar Group 32-gun ship

With the ascension of Queen Anne to the throne of England, these would be the first vessels associated to her reign. The vessels would be similar to the previous 1694 programme with one exception. The upper deck battery would be fully enclosed with a deck running from the foc's'le to the quarterdeck. This would protect the gunners and battery during an action with the enemy. In 1702 one vessel was ordered from dockyard. In 1703 two more were ordered from dockyard.

## Design and Specifications

Their dimensions would be very similar to the 1664 programme group for 32-gun vessels. The dimensions were a gundeck of 108 feet 0 inches (32.92 metres) with a keel of 90 feet 0 inches (27.43 metres) for tonnage calculation with a breadth of 28 feet 0 inches (8.53 metres) and a depth of hold of 10 feet 9 inches (3.28 metres). Her builder’s measure tonnage was calculated as 4000⁄94 tons (burthen). Tartar would be rebuilt to the 1719 establishment for 20-gun vessels. The establishment dimensions were 106 feet 0 inches (32.31 metres) with a keel length of 87 feet 9 inches (26.75 metres) for tonnage calculation. The breadth would be 28 feet 4 inches (8.64 metres) with a depth of hold of 9 feet 2 inches (2.79 metres). The tonnage calculation would be 3740⁄94 tons (bm).
Their crew would be 145 personnel during wartime with 100 personnel required for peacetime. Their guns were established at four/four demi-culverins on the lower deck, twenty-two/twenty 6-pounder guns on the upper deck and six/four 4-pounder guns on the quarterdeck. Later during their service the demi-culverins would be changed out for 12-pounder guns. In 1714 the four pounders would be removed. When the surviving ships were rebuilt as sixth rates in 1720 they would carry only twenty 6-pounder guns on the upper deck.
Caption text :
| Name | Builder | Launch Date | Remarks |
| Tartar (1702) | Woolwich Dockyard | 12 September 1702 | Rebuilt as sixth Rate May 1733 |
| Falcon (1704) | Deptford Dockyard | 2 December 1704 | Taken by French 29 December 1709 |
| Fowey (1705) | Chatham Dockyard | 10 March 1705 | Taken by French 14 April 1709 |
# Angel of Darkness (book)

Angel of Darkness: The True Story of Randy Kraft and the Most Heinous Murder Spree of the Century is a non-fiction book by investigative journalist and American author Dennis McDougal published in 1991 by the Hachette Book Group. McDougal was an investigative reporter for the Long Beach Press-Telegram assigned to cover the case when Kraft was arrested. At the time Angel of Darkness was released, McDougal was working as a reporter for the Los Angeles Times.

## Story line

The book is a true account about Randy Steven Kraft, a convicted serial murderer known as the "Freeway Killer" who was responsible for the mutilation murders of 16 young men. Prosecutors have said they believe Kraft to be responsible for the death of a total of 67 men between the years 1971 and 1983.
The book includes mini-biographies of many of Kraft's victims. The victims—many of them members of the U.S. Marines Corps, most of them hitchhikers—were believed to have been drugged by Kraft, who then tortured and strangled them. The victims' bodies, many of which were sexually mutilated, usually were dumped along freeway ramps or in remote areas.

## Slander lawsuit

Kraft sued author McDougal and his publisher seeking $62 million in damages, because, Kraft said, the book smeared his "good name" and unjustly portrayed him as a "sick, twisted man" and hurt his "prospects for future employment." The lawsuit was dismissed as frivolous in June 1994. The suit cost McDougal about $50,000 in legal fees to defend the book.

## Publication and reception

Angel of Darkness was released in hardcover on May 1, 1991, and published in paperback on June 27, 2009. Upon its initial release, Publisher Weekly's review was positive. They wrote, "Los Angeles Times reporter McDouglas here draws a multidimensional portrait of a psycho- and sociopath, not sparing the reader details of the incredible cruelty that Kraft inflicted on his victims, of the scorecard he kept to record his 'successes' and of the impaired lives of the families whose sons, brothers and husbands he slaughtered."
Kirkus Reviews noted that the book was written in "matter-of-fact prose."
The review in Library Journal said McDougal "lets the killer speak for himself, and Kraft does so with chilling normalcy. This book will make readers look at their acquaintances and wonder if ... ?" The Associated Press wrote, "To open this book is to open a peephole into hell."