OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# V. P. Madhava Rao

Vishwanath Patankar Madhava Rao CIE Kaisar-i-Hind (10 February 1850 – 1934) was an Indian administrator and statesman who served as the Dewan of Travancore from 1904 to 1906, then as the 17th Dewan of Mysore from 1906 to 1909, and that of Baroda from 1910 to 1913.

## Early life

Madhava Rao was born in February 1850 in Kumbakonam, Madras Presidency into an ancient family of Thanjavur Marathi Deshastha Madhva Brahmin family, long ago settled in Tanjore, who were supposed to have emigrated from the Satara district to southern India in the wake of the Maratha conquest of Tanjore.
Rao was educated at Kumbakonam College with studies under William Archer Porter. He completed his Bachelor of Arts (B.A.) in 1869 and was appointed as a headmaster of the royal school at Mysore Palace.

## Appointments

Madhava Rao entered the service of the Kingdom of Mysore in 1869 as a headmaster of the royal school. He was later appointed public prosecutor of Mysore and served in the Judicial and Revenue departments. He also served as Inspector General of Police and later Plague Commissioner, Mysore Kingdom, from 1898 to 1901. Later, he served as Revenue Commissioner from 1902 to 1904 before being appointed Dewan in 1906.

## Dewan of Mysore

Rao served as the Dewan of Mysore from 30 June 1906 to 31 March 1909. In 1906, a bill was passed empowering members of the Mysore Legislative Assembly to pass laws. The new legislature was constituted on 6 March 1907. The Land Revenue Code was amended to make the Revenue Commissioner the chief revenue authority and was also given charge of the treasury. Department of Public Health was created and competitive exams for the Mysore Civil Services were revived. Taxes on arecanut were revoked.
Kindergarten schools were introduced in the kingdom and primary education was made free. A number of irrigation projects were undertaken. The Vani Vilas Dam was completed in 1906/1907 and the Cauvery Power Works at Belagola in 1907/1908. The government sanctioned a free grant of land to the Indian Institute of Science at Bangalore.
Electric lighting was introduced in the civil and military station of Bangalore city on 1 January 1908 and for all of Mysore city on 26 September 1908.

## Honours

Madhava Rao was made a Companion of the Order of the Indian Empire in 1899 and was awarded the Kaiser-i-Hind Medal in 1900.
# Aarón Fernández

Aarón "El Shocker" Fernández (born 7 July 1987) is a Mexican former footballer who last played for Celaya on loan from UANL. He was formed in the basic forces of Tigres de la UANL where he began his career playing in the Tigres Los Mochis subsidiary team, where he made his debut in 2006. He played 7 games in two tournaments and then moved to the first team where he was registered as a third and fourth option. His debut was in the SuperLiga on June 20, 2009 against Chivas USA. Fernandez began the Clausura 2017 as the 3rd string goalkeeper but due to injuries he made his senior Liga MX debut on February 4, 2017.
He was loaned out to Necaxa for the Apertura 2017 season, making his Copa MX debut against Zacatecas.

## Honours

Necaxa
* Copa MX: Clausura 2018
# Corinna Boccacini

Corinna Boccacini (born 10 March 1985) is an Italian snowboarder. She competed in the slalom events at the 2014 Winter Olympics for Italy.
# Air pollution in Karachi

Karachi is the largest city in Pakistan and the 12th largest city in the world is facing a significant air pollution problem. The air quality of Karachi has been deteriorating over the years, with pollution levels often exceeding safe limits set by the World Health Organization (WHO).

## Air quality index

Karachi's air quality index (AQI) has risen to an unhealthy level of 193, making it the fourth most polluted city in the world. The city's AQI is often among the highest globally, indicating severe levels of air pollution.
Fine particulate matter (PM2.5) plays a major role in air pollution in Karachi. The concentration of PM2.5 in the city has been recorded as 11.8 times higher than WHO's annual air quality guideline value. The 24-hour average PM2.5 in Korangi was 101 ± 45.6 μg/m$^3$ and 76.5 ± 38.4 μg/m$^3$ in Tibet Center. These levels are significantly higher during winter, suggesting increased combustion activity and reduced wind dispersion.

## Major sources of pollution

Major sources of air pollution in Karachi include transport and industrial emissions, waste burning, generators, emissions from refrigerators, dust blowing and stoves used in homes and hotels. 70% of the air pollution in Karachi is emitted by motor vehicles.

## Environmental impact

Karachi's environment has been badly affected by air pollution. All types of forests along Sindh's coastline, including mangroves, which used to help absorb carbon dioxide and clean air in Karachi, have dwindled to alarming levels. Over the past 50 years, Karachi has lost 10,000 hectares of mangrove forests to encroachment, commercialization and infrastructure development.

## Government response

Despite the alarming situation, the claims of the federal and government of Sindhs to invest heavily in the city to improve the environment and public health are nothing but lies and misinformation. In light of deteriorating air quality, Sindh Caretaker Chief Minister Justice (Rtd) Maqbool Baqar has appealed to the public to ensure the use of face masks.
# Into the Mirror

Into the Mirror (Korean: 거울 속으로; RR: Geoul sokeuro) is a 2003 South Korean supernatural horror film about a series of grisly deaths in a department store, all involving mirrors, and the troubled detective who investigates them. It was the debut film of director Kim Sung-ho.

## Plot

After accidentally causing the death of his partner during a hostage situation, Wu Young-min quits the police force to work for his uncle as head security of Dreampia, an immense shopping center. Dreampia is currently in the rebuilding stages as a fire destroyed parts of it five years ago. The re-opening was scheduled in a few days, until some strange murders begin to occur in the building. It seems that the victims, all employees of the mall, have committed suicide in very gruesome and unconventional ways.
Young-min is very suspicious about the police explanation, and starts his own investigation, but unfortunately for him, an old acquaintance, Ha Hyun-su, is in charge of the police investigation. Hyun-su still blames Young-min for the death of their friend and is not interested in cooperation. The more clues they stumble on, the more strange and unnatural the truth becomes.
The film explores the theory of dualism, doppelgangers and the Other through the visual medium of mirrors and reflections.

## Cast

* Yoo Ji-tae as Wu Young-min
* Kim Hye-na as Lee Ji-hyun
* Kim Myung-min as Ha Hyun-su

## Reception

Derek Elley of Variety described Into the Mirror as an "Intermittently effective tale of a burned-out ex-cop who's drawn into a series of supernatural murders too often resorts to corny genre moments."

## Remake

An American remake was produced in 2008, titled Mirrors.
Into the Mirror was released on the flip side of the unrated version of the Mirrors 2 DVD.
# Rhagoditta susa

Rhagoditta susa is a species of solifuge within the family Rhagodidae found distributed in Iran. 2 specimens of the species have been found, with 1 being 5 to 15 kilometers off a road to Tehran, and the other in the ruins of Susa.
# Jack Holt (dinghy designer)

Jack Holt, OBE (8 April 1912 – 14 November 1995) was a prolific designer of sailing dinghies. His pioneering designs of dinghies using plywood did much to popularise the sport of sailing in the period immediately following World War II.
Born near the River Thames in Hammersmith, London, Holt designed more than 40 boats, many of which are listed below. He worked for many years with fellow sailing enthusiast and businessman Beecher Moore.
Jack Holt was awarded an OBE in 1979 for his services to sailing.

## Sailing Clubs

Jack Holt has been associated with several sailing clubs. His premises were next door to Ranelagh Sailing Club, and he designed the Merlin Rocket and his National 12 designs there.
In 1956, he was a co-founder of Wraysbury Lake Sailing Club.
He was closely associated with the London Corinthian Sailing Club, very close to his Putney premises.

## Jack Holt Designs

* Bumblebee
* Caboodle was a simple kit built singlehander
* Cadet
* Diamond Keelboat
* Enterprise
* Explorer (dinghy)
* GP14
* Heron
* Hornet
* Ideal
* International 10sq m Canoe
* International 14
* Jacksnipe
* Jacksprat tender
* Lazy E, later renamed to National E
* Merlin Rocket
* Miracle
* Mirror
* Mirror 16
* National 12
* North Norfolk 16
* Pacer, formerly Puffin Pacer
* Pandamaran
* Rambler
* Solo
* Streaker
* Vagabond
A selection of Jack Holt plans are held in the archives of the National Maritime Museum Cornwall.

## Boatbuilding

In addition to designing boats, Jack was also a boatbuilder. His fittings business was in the loft above the boatbuilding workshop. Naturally he built all the boats he designed, but he also built boats designed by others, including the Albacore.

## Sailing fittings

Jack collaborated with Glen and Tony Allen from Essex to manufacture and supply a lightweight range of dinghy fittings, the fittings were known as Holt Allen fittings for 52 years until 2008 when the Allen side decided to distribute the fittings themselves under the brand Allen. The companies now trade separately as Holt Marine Ltd. and Allen Brothers (Fittings) Ltd. Holt Allen also made masts and spars for dinghies and a wide variety of other boat related fittings. Most of the fittings for the Mirror, Miracle, Mirror 14, Mirror 16 and Streaker were all provided by Holt Allen

## Sailmaker

Sails for early Puffins, those with a puffin silhouette on the main, were deep blue in colour and were made by Jack Holt Sails of Putney, England. Holt sails made sails for a large number of dinghy classes for many years from the 1970s to around the early 2000s
# Aarón Sandoval

Aarón Alexis Sandoval Ulibarri (born September 11, 1993 in Mexico City) is a former Mexican professional footballer who played for Pumas UNAM. Sandoval began his football career with Pumas' youth team, and he had limited involvement with the club's senior team, making his Liga MX debut in 2011. In 2014, Sandoval moved to Spain to join Espanyol's B team.
# Fabio Bertoli

Fabio Bertoli (born 20 August 1996) in Montichiari, is an Italian professional footballer who currently plays for Italian side Bedizzolese as a midfielder., and right forward.

## Club career

Bertoli is a youth exponent from Brescia Calcio. He made his debut on 30 August 2014 against Frosinone Calcio in a Serie B game playing almost the entire game, before being substituted after 89 minutes for Mario Gargiulo.
# Sara Gallego

Sara Gallego Sotelo (born 11 October 2000) is a Spanish athlete. She is the Spanish national record holder over 400 metres hurdles. In 2021, Gallego ran 55.20 to win silver at the 2021 European Athletics U23 Championships in Tallinn. In doing so, Gallego broke the national record held previously by Cristina Pérez and set 33 years previously.
In May 2022, Gallego lowered her national record to 54.87 in Alicante. Two weeks after that, at the Spanish Championship, Gallego lowered her own national record again with a run of 54.34.
At the 2022 IAAF World Championship in Eugene, Oregon, Gallego qualified for the semi-finals with a run of 55.09. Gallego did not reach the final but only ran 15 hundredth's of a second outside her personal best as she finished behind Femke Bol and Britton Wilson.

## International competitions

| Year | Competition | Venue | Position | Event | Notes |
| Representing Spain ||||||
| 2016 | European Youth Championships | Tbilisi, Georgia | 3rd | 400 m hurdles | 58.73 |
| 2018 | World U20 Championships | Tampere, Finland | 4th | 400 m hurdles | 57.11 |
| 2018 | European Championships | Berlin, Germany | 19th (sf) | 400 m hurdles | 57.25 |
| 2019 | European U20 Championships | Borås, Sweden | 3rd | 400 m hurdles | 57.44 |
| 2021 | World Relays | Chorzów, Poland | 10th (h) | 4 × 400 m relay | 3:34.92 |
| 2021 | European U23 Championships | Tallinn, Estonia | 2nd | 400 m hurdles | 55.20 |
| 2021 | European U23 Championships | Tallinn, Estonia | 7th | 4 × 400 m relay | 3:33.54 |
| 2022 | World Indoor Championships | Belgrade, Serbia | 22nd (h) | 400 m | 53.13 |
| 2022 | Ibero-American Championships | La Nucía, Spain | 2nd | 400 m hurdles | 55.56 |
| 2022 | Ibero-American Championships | La Nucía, Spain | 1st | 4 × 400 m relay | 3:31.72 |
| 2022 | World Championships | Eugene, United States | 11th (sf) | 400 m hurdles | 54.49 |
| 2022 | World Championships | Eugene, United States | 11th (h) | Mixed 4 × 400 m relay | 3:16.14 |
| 2022 | European Championships | Munich, Germany | 4th | 400 m hurdles | 54.97 |
| 2022 | European Championships | Munich, Germany | 8th | 4 × 400 m relay | 3:29.70 |
# Marlena (restaurant)

Marlena was a restaurant serving American cuisine in Bernal Heights, San Francisco, California. The restaurant opened in 2020.
The restaurant closed suddenly in 2023.
# Deoxyribonuclease I

Deoxyribonuclease I (usually called DNase I), is an endonuclease of the DNase family coded by the human gene DNASE1. DNase I is a nuclease that cleaves DNA preferentially at phosphodiester linkages adjacent to a pyrimidine nucleotide, yielding 5'-phosphate-terminated polynucleotides with a free hydroxyl group on position 3', on average producing tetranucleotides. It acts on single-stranded DNA, double-stranded DNA, and chromatin. In addition to its role as a waste-management endonuclease, it has been suggested to be one of the deoxyribonucleases responsible for DNA fragmentation during apoptosis.
DNase I binds to the cytoskeletal protein actin. It binds actin monomers with very high (sub-nanomolar) affinity and actin polymers with lower affinity. The function of this interaction is unclear. However, since actin-bound DNase I is enzymatically inactive, the DNase-actin complex might be a storage form of DNase I that prevents damage of the genetic information. This protein is stored in the zymogen granules of the nuclear envelope and functions by cleaving DNA in an endonucleolytic manner.
At least six autosomal codominant alleles of the gene DNASE 1 have been characterized, DNASE1*1 through DNASE1*6, and the sequence of DNASE1*2 represented in this record. Mutations in this gene, as well as factor inactivating its enzyme product, have been associated with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), an autoimmune disease. A recombinant form of this protein is used to treat one of the symptoms of cystic fibrosis by hydrolyzing the extracellular DNA in sputum and reducing its viscosity. Alternate transcriptional splice variants of this gene have been observed but have not been thoroughly characterized.

## In genomics

In genomics, DNase I hypersensitive sites are thought to be characterized by open, accessible chromatin; therefore, a DNase I sensitivity assay is a widely used methodology in genomics for identifying which regions of the genome are likely to contain active genes

## DNase I Sequence Specificity

It has been recently reported that DNase I shows some levels of sequence specificity that may depend on experimental conditions. In contrast to other enzymes which have high substrate specificity, DNase I certainly does not cleave with an absolute sequence specificity. However, cleavage at sites that contain C or G at their 3' end is less efficient.
# Yamaha TDR 250

The Yamaha TDR250 was a street-legal middleweight dual-sport bike produced by Japanese motorcycle manufacturer Yamaha between 1988 and 1993.
It was powered by the naturally-aspirated, crankcase reed-valve inducted, liquid-cooled 249cc parallel-twin two-stroke engine from the first generation TZR250 (this same engine also powered the R1-Z). This engine featured the 'YPVS' Yamaha Power Valve System, CDI ignition and digital spark advance . Almost all of the engine, gearbox, and electrical components are interchangeable with the TZR and R1-Z.
The TDR was designed to provide agile handling and quick acceleration both on and off the road, and power delivery was modified to suit its intended use . The special upswept expansion chambers, unique to the TDR, part of this; as well as aiding ground clearance. The bike was originally released in a 250cc format, but a 240cc derivative was also produced exclusively for the French market.

## Specifications of TDR 250

Specifications for 1988 - 1993 model :
| Engine Type | Parallel Twin Cylinder, Water Cooled, Two-Stroke, YPVS |
| Carburetion | Mikuni TM28SS x 2 |
| Displacement | 249 cc [239 cc] |
| Bore × Stroke | 56.4 x 50.0 mm [55.2 x 50.0 mm] |
| Peak Power | 50.3 PS (37.1 kW) @ 10,000 rpm [44.3 PS (32.6 kW) @ 10,000 rpm] |
| Peak Torque | 3.7 kg-m (36.2 Nm) @8,500 rpm [3.5 kg-m (34.6 Nm) @9,500 rpm] |
| Compression Ratio | 5.9:1 [5.7:11] |
| Fuel Capacity | 14.0 L (4 US gal; 3 imp gal) |
| Oil Capacity | 1.4 L (0.4 US gal; 0.3 imp gal) |
| Seat Height | 820 mm (32.3 in) |
| Dry Weight | 137 kg (302 lb) |
| Tires | Front 100/90-18H Rear 120/80-17H |
| Brakes | Front Hydraulic disc, with 320 mm (12.6 in) floating disc and 4-pot opposed-piston caliper. Rear Hydraulic disc, with 210 mm (8.3 in) disc and opposed-piston caliper |
| Final drive | Chain |
Note: [ ]= French Model
# Josefina del Toro Fulladosa

Josefina del Toro Fulladosa (May 23, 1901 – November 19, 1975) was the first woman to become a library school professor in Puerto Rico and the first woman to serve as director of the University of Puerto Rico library. She was instrumental in developing academic libraries in Puerto Rico and was a strong advocate for the academic status of librarians.

## Early life and education

Josefina del Toro Fulladosa was born in San Juan, Puerto Rico, the daughter of Emilio del Toro Cuebas (Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of Puerto Rico from 1909 to 1922) and Josefina Fulladosa. Her mother died when she was four years old; her father encouraged her to pursue her studies. She attended Simmons College in Boston, Massachusetts and received a Bachelor of Science and Librarianship in 1925, becoming the first Puerto Rican graduate. She earned a Master of Library Science from Columbia University in 1938, specializing in bibliography and reference.

## Career

Del Toro Fulladosa started working at the University of Puerto Rico, Río Piedras Campus library at the age of 24 as an assistant librarian. After receiving her master's degree in New York, she returned to the University of Puerto Rico. She helped draft a report requesting faculty status for UPR librarians, which was approved unanimously by the board of trustees. During her time at UPR she held a variety of positions, with responsibilities including organizing the reference collection and the Puerto Rico collection; she later become the head of the reference department. In 1964, she was appointed director of the general library, the first woman in that position at the university.
In 1968 del Toro Fulladosa was responsible for establishing the first library school in Puerto Rico, the Escuela Graduada de Bibliotecología. She taught a number of courses there, including reference and library administration.
Del Toro Fulladosa was a frequent speaker and advocate for libraries, touring eight European countries during a cultural trip and serving as a consultant for the American Library Association as well as for the Puerto Rico Department of Education. She was a founding member and the second president of the Sociedad de Bibliotecarios de Puerto Rico (the Society of Librarians of Puerto Rico).
During a sabbatical and her retirement, she edited and prepared two of her father's books for publication.
In 1975, she received the rank of Professor Emeritus, the first librarian at the University of Puerto Rico to receive such a title.

## Legacy

The library at the University of Puerto Rico, Río Piedras Campus features the Josefina del Toro Fulladosa Collection of rare materials, including books, manuscripts, and maps in the humanities and social sciences. The collection was founded in 1985.
The Josefina del Toro Fulladosa Award for Research and Magistral Lessons is the highest distinction awarded by the Sociedad de Bibliotecarios de Puerto Rico.
# TV6 (Algerian TV channel)

TV6 (in Arabic: الجزائرية السادسة) is the sixth Algerian public national television channel, also called Youth channel (in Arabic: الشبابية). It is part of the state-owned EPTV group, along with TV1, TV2, TV3, TV4, TV5, TV7, TV8 and TV9. It is an Arab language channel and directed to the youth population.

## History

TV6 was launched on 26 March 2020 as a variety channel. On 31 July 2021, it is changed to be a youth channel dedicated to youth entertainment shows.
# Adam Parada

Adam Parada (born October 21, 1981) is an American-born Mexican former professional basketball player. He played most notably as an import in the Philippine Basketball Association for the Alaska Aces. He played four years at the University of California, Irvine, but was not drafted by any team in the 2004 NBA draft. He became a mainstay of the Mexico national team. He first played as an import for the Red Bull Barako in 2008 and led the Barako to a third-place finish, becoming the first Latin American reinforcement in an Asian league.

## Pan American Games

* Pan American Games 2011 Silver Medal

## Centrobasket

* Centrobasket 2014 Gold Medal
# Kasper Pedersen

Kasper Pedersen (born 13 January 1993) is a Danish professional footballer who plays as a defender for Stabæk Fotball.

## Club career

Pedersen started his youth career at Aabybro IF, before moving to Jetsmark IF – a club affiliated with Aalborg Boldspilklub (AaB). At the age of 12, he joined the AaB youth team. He made his senior debut for the reserve team in the Denmark Series, the fourth tier of Danish football.
In the spring of 2013, he made his first team debut in the Danish Superliga, where he also scored his first official goal as a senior.
In the 2015–16 pre-season, Kasper signed a 4-year contract with AaB in which he was considered a permanent replacement for defender Rasmus Thelander, who was sold to Greek Panathinaikos on the same day.
On 15 January 2021, Pedersen joined Danish 1st Division club Esbjerg fB on a deal until June 2023. On 26 July 2021, his contract was terminated by mutual agreement. The following day, Pedersen signed with Norwegian club Stabæk Fotball.

## Club statistics

    As of Statistics updated 23 February 2019.
| Club | Season | National Division | National Division | National Division | Danish Cup | Danish Cup | EL Qualification | EL Qualification | Total | Total |
| Club | Season | Division | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals |
| AaB | 2012-13 | Danish Superliga | 3 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 1 |
| AaB | 2013–14 | Danish Superliga | 3 | 1 | 3 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 7 | 1 |
| AaB | 2014–15 | Danish Superliga | 18 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 20 | 1 |
| AaB | 2015–16 | Danish Superliga | 27 | 1 | 6 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 33 | 2 |
| AaB | 2016–17 | Danish Superliga | 25 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 26 | 2 |
| AaB | 2017–18 | Danish Superliga | 27 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 29 | 2 |
| AaB | 2018–19 | Danish Superliga | 16 | 3 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 18 | 3 |
| Career total | Career total | Career total | 119 | 11 | 16 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 136 | 12 |

## Honours
### Club

AaB
* Danish Superliga (1): 2013–14
* Danish Cup (1): 2013–14
# Zoom Airways

Zoom Airways was a cargo airline based in Dhaka, Bangladesh.

## History

Formed in 2002 as Z-Airways and Services, the airline operated cargo charter flights in Bangladesh and in the South Asia region. In 2005, the airline was renamed to Zoom Airways. It ceased operations in 2009.

## Fleet

As of December 2008, the Zoom Airways fleet consisted of the following aircraft:
* 1 BAe 748 Series 2B
* 2 Boeing 737
* 1 Lockheed L-1011-500 Tristar