OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Al-Hakam I

Abu al-As al-Hakam ibn Hisham ibn Abd al-Rahman (Arabic: الحكم بن هشام بن عبد الرحمن) was Umayyad Emir of Cordoba from 796 until 822 in Al-Andalus (Moorish Iberia).

## Biography

Al-Hakam was the second son of his father, his older brother having died at an early age. When he came to power, he was challenged by his uncles Sulayman and Abdallah, sons of his grandfather Abd ar-Rahman I. Abdallah took his two sons Ubayd Allah and Abd al-Malik to the court of Charlemagne in Aix-la-Chapelle to negotiate for aid. In the meantime Sulayman attacked Cordoba, but was defeated and driven back to Mérida where he was captured and executed. Abdallah was pardoned, but was forced to stay in Valencia.
Al-Hakam spent much of his reign suppressing rebellions in Toledo, Saragossa and Mérida. The uprisings twice reached Cordoba. An attempt was made to dethrone Al-Hakam and replace him with his cousin, Mohammed ibn al-Kasim, but the plot was discovered. On 16 November 806, 72 nobles and their attendants (accounts talk of 5,000) were massacred at a banquet, crucified and displayed along the banks of the river Guadalquivir. Such displays of cruelty were not unusual during this period, with the heads of rebel leaders or Christian foes killed in expeditions to the north being put on show at the gates of Cordoba.
Following the rebellion in Cordoba, Al-Hakam established a personal bodyguard, the Al-Haras, led by the Visigothic leader of the Christians in Cordoba, the Comes (Count) Rabi, son of Theodulf, who also served as the Emir's tax collector. Rabi was later removed and executed by crucifixion for corruption.
In 818 he crushed a rebellion led by clerics in the suburb of al-Ribad on the south bank of the Guadalquivir river. Some 300 notables were captured and crucified, while the rest of the inhabitants were exiled. Some moved to Alexandria in Egypt, some to Fez and Crete, where they formed an emirate. Others joined the Levantine pirates.

## Death

Al-Hakam I died in 822 after having ruled for 26 years.

## Family

Al-Hakam was the son of Hisham I, Emir of Cordoba and a concubine named Zokhrouf.
Al Hakam fathered five children with his wife Halawah:
* Abd ar-Rahman II, Umayyad Emir of Córdoba 822–852
* al-Mughira
* Said
* Umayya
* al-Walid bin al-Hakam. He led an army to attack Galicia in 838.
Al-Hakam had a concubine named Ajab. She established a foundation for lepers in the suburbs of Cordoba. The leper colony was funded by the proceeds of the Munyat 'Ajab, an estate built for or named after Ajab. Ajab was the mother of:
* Abu Abd Al-Malik Marwan
Another concubine was named Mut'a. She established a cemetery which was still in existence in the 10th century.
# Seán Hawes

Seán Hawes (born 1980 in Cratloe, County Clare, Ireland) is an Irish sportsperson.
# Lukanin

Lukanin (masculine, Russian: Луканин) or Lukanina (feminine, Russian: Луканина) is a Russian surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Adelaida Lukanina (1843–1908), Russian physician and chemist
* Igor Lukanin (born 1976), Azerbaijani ice dancer
* Ninel Lukanina, Russian Soviet volleyball player
# Jack Slater

Jack Slater may also refer to:
* Jack Slater (Last Action Hero), a character in the film Last Action Hero
* Jack Slater (politician) (1927–1997), Australian politician
* Jack Slater (novelist), bestselling fiction writer
* Jackie Slater (born 1954), retired National Football League player
# Gina Falckenberg

Gina Falckenberg (14 September 1907 – 12 February 1996) was a German stage and film actress who appeared in 22 films, including Anime in tumult (1942). She also wrote and worked on several screenplays. She was married to the Italian actor Giulio del Torre.

## Selected filmography
### Actress

* A Man with Heart (1932)
* Raid in St. Pauli (1932)
* Holiday From Myself (1934)
* The Gypsy Baron (1935)
* The Impossible Woman (1936)
* The Accusing Song (1936)
* Love's Awakening (1936)
* The Voice of the Heart (1937)
* After Midnight (1938)
* Souls in Turmoil (1942)
* Crossroads of Passion (1948)
* Women Without Names (1950)

### Screenwriter

* My Father, the Actor (1956)
* The Hero of My Dreams (1960)
* I Will Always Be Yours (1960)
# Giovanni Maria Verdizotti

Giovanni Maria Verdizotti was a well-connected writer and artist who was born in Venice in about 1525 and died there in 1600.

## Life and work

As an artist, Verdizotti is mainly remembered for his friendship with Titian, whose pupil he was, and later his secretary from 1556. No painted work can be attributed with certainty to him but, judging from the prints in his "100 Moral Fables" (Cento favole morali), his speciality was small landscapes with tiny figures. There is a signed pen and ink drawing by him of Cephalus and Procris (Brunswick, Herzog Anton Ulrich-Museum), which resembles Titian's graphic style. Other drawings attributed to Verdizotti are a pen and ink Landscape with Houses (Milan, Biblioteca Ambrosiana) and the Titian-like Study of a Tree (Madrid, Real Academia de Bellas Artes de San Fernando). He probably also executed the pen and wash drawing of "A Bear Devouring a Rabbit in a Landscape" (Florence, Uffizi), which has as motto naturam ars vincit, a work close in style to the woodcuts that illustrate his fables. Similarly, the supposed ink portrait of Titian (Haarlem, Teyler's Museum) is close to the "Cephalus and Procris".
Verdizotti's poetic work includes a translation into ottava rima of the second book of the Aeneid (1560) and a chivalric romance, Del L'Aspramonte (1594). His most celebrated work was the "100 Moral Fables", valued as much for the beauty of his woodprints as for the verse and the interesting choice of subjects. According to Ruth Mortimer, he was probably influenced by Gabriele Faerno's Centum Fabulae (1563), the engravings in which are considered as being by Titian and which Verdizotti may have seen in preparation. Among Verdizotti's fables, 37 of Faerno's subjects do not appear, the rejected texts dealing mainly with men and gods. His preference is for animal fables but he also added the Biblical "The Trees and the Bramble".
In 1597 Verdizotti published a prose "Lives of the Holy Fathers" (Vite de Santi Padri) in which he mentioned that he had a canonry at Castelcucco, near Treviso.

## Selected published works

* Il secondo libro dell' Eneida di Virgilio dove si contiene la distruttione dell' antichissimo imperio d'Asia (The second book of the Aeneid)
* Encomium Picturae (In praise of painting, 1569)
* Cento favole bellissime de i piu illustri antichi, e moderni autori Grece, e Latini (100 Fables, 1570)
* Genius sive de furore poetico (Genius or the poetic madness, 1575)
* XII sonetti nelle nozze de Francesco de Medici, gran duca di Thoscana (12 sonnets on the marriage of the Grand Duke of Tuscany, 1579)
* Del l'Aspramonte: poema heroico (1594)
* Le vite de Santi Padri (The lives of the Holy Fathers, 1597). The new edition of 1600 is corrected, emended and 'purged of infinite errors' (espurgate da infiniti errori)
# A Hopeless Case

A Hopeless Case (German: Ein hoffnungsloser Fall) is a 1939 German comedy film directed by Erich Engel and starring Jenny Jugo, Karl Ludwig Diehl and Hannes Stelzer.
The film's sets were designed by Karl Weber.

## Synopsis

A determined female medical student at Berlin University resists the advances of her professor, single-mindedly concentrating on her chosen profession. She then sails to Argentina with her true love, a fellow student who the Professor has arranged to be sent there to try and get him out of the way.

## Cast

* Jenny Jugo as Jenny
* Karl Ludwig Diehl as Professor Dr. Bruchsal
* Hannes Stelzer as Hans Faber
* Leo Peukert as Jennys Vater
* Axel von Ambesser as Verehrer
* Heinz Salfner as Diener
* Theodor Danegger as Gotthelf Matthias
* Josefine Dora as Emma Matthias
* Hans Richter as Student
* Erik Ode as Student
* Julia Serda
* Frida Richard
* Gustav Waldau
* Werner Pledath

## Trivia

On 14 March 1939, Adolf Hitler summoned Emil Hácha, President of Czechoslovakia to Berlin for talks. The meeting was scheduled late at night and was to include, apart from Hitler, Hermann Göring and Joachim von Ribbentrop. The elderly Hácha was humiliated by being deliberately kept waiting for hours, because Hitler was at that time watching the film A Hopeless Case, which ended past midnight. He was summoned by Hitler at 1:15 AM, who informed him that German troops would march into Czechoslovakia at 6:00 AM, on the pretext that the Czechs were disturbing the peace in Europe. In the antechamber, Göring and Ribbentrop pressed Hácha to sign a document legalizing the invasion. When Hácha hesitated, Göring threatened to bomb Prague, whereupon Hácha fainted. Revived by injection, Hácha signed a document in the presence of Hitler accepting the invasion and annexation of Czech lands into the Third Reich, which began in the early morning of 15 March 1939.
# I Can See It in Your Eyes

I Can See It in Your Eyes (Italian: Te lo leggo negli occhi) is a 2004 Italian drama film co-written and directed by Valia Santella, in her directorial debut. It premiered at the 61st edition of the Venice Film Festival, in the Orizzonti sidebar. For her performance Teresa Saponangelo was nominated for the Silver Ribbon for best supporting actress.

## Cast

* Stefania Sandrelli as Margherita
* Teresa Saponangelo as Chiara
* Luigi Maria Burruano as Carlo
* Camilla Di Nicola as Lucia
* Ernesto Mahieux as Mico
* Mariano Rigillo as Longone
* Walter Di Nicola as Walter
* Catherine Spaak as TV Presenter
* Stefano Abbati as Sandro
* Silvia Cohen as Claudia
* Sergio Albelli as Alberto
* Betty Pedrazzi as Teresa
* Cloris Brosca as Marinella
* Tonino Taiuti as Palumbo
# Türksat 4B

Türksat 4B is a Turkish communications satellite, operated by Türksat.

## Overview

According to the in-orbit delivery contract signed in early 2011, Mitsubishi Electric (MELCO) of Japan was in charge of the construction of the satellite's base MELCO DS2000, and the American-Russian joint-venture company International Launch Services (ILS) provided the launch of the spacecraft atop a Russian Proton-M space launch vehicle from Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan scheduled in late 2014. In the scope of the contract, Turkish engineers collaborated in the production of the satellite. The production of Türksat 4B at the Mitsubishi Electric Facility in Kamakura was completed in June 2014.
Türksat 4B is part of the Turksat series of satellites, and is placed in geosynchronous orbit at 50°E to provide telecommunication and direct TV broadcasting services over a wide geographic region between west of China and east of England spanning Turkey, as well as Europe, Central Asia, the Middle East and Africa.
Türksat 4B has a mass of approximately 4,924 kg (10,856 lb) and an expected on-orbit life time of 15 years.
Türksat 4A and Türksat 4B are projected to enable a capacity increase because the satellites currently in service, namely Türksat 2A and Türksat 3A, are at 90% occupied.

## Control of UAV's by SATCOM

The Turkish Armed Forces has dedicated channels on the Turksat 4B for use in guidance of it SATCOM equipped Anka-S UCAV systems.

## Launch

The spacecraft was launched by the American-Russian joint-venture company International Launch Services (ILS) atop a Russian Proton-M space launch vehicle on October 16, 2015, at 20:40:00 from Baikonur Cosmodrome Pad 39 in Kazakhstan.
After successfully completing the testing process, the satellite was placed on its final orbit on October 24, 2015.

## Features

Türksat 4B provides expansion of K$_a$ band's 3-Gbps data transfer capacity at spot coverage areas through its 1,800 MHz bandwidth in total. A total of 792 MHz communication capacity is secured by 18 transponders of the K$_u$ band.
# Comendador Gomes

Comendador Gomes is a municipality in the west of the Brazilian state of Minas Gerais. The population is 3,120 (2020 est.) in an area of 1,041.05 km$^2$ (401.95 square miles). It became a municipality in 1948.

## Geography

Comendador Gomes is located at an elevation of 557 meters in the west of the area known as the Triângulo Mineiro about 15 km (9.3 miles) west of the Transbrasiliana highway (Br-153). It belongs to the statistical microregion of Frutal. Neighboring municipalities are:
* North: Pirajuba
* East: Prata
* West and Southwest: Itapagipe
* South: Frutal
Distances
* Belo Horizonte: 603 km (375 miles)
* Frutal: 55 km (34 miles)
* Uberaba: 200 km (120 miles)

## Economic activities

The most important economic activities are cattle raising, commerce, and agriculture. The GDP in 2005 was R$ 55,658,000. Comendador Gomes is in the top tier of municipalities in the state with regard to economic and social development. As of 2007 there were no banking agencies in the town. There was a well-developed retail infrastructure serving the surrounding area of cattle and agricultural lands. In the rural area there were 369 establishments occupying about 1,000 persons. 176 of the farms had tractors, a ratio of one in two. There were 309 automobiles in all of the municipality, about one for every 10 inhabitants.
Comendador Gomes is an important agricultural producer. There were 61,000 head of cattle in 2006, of which 12,000 head were dairy cows. In permanent crops there are 1,128 ha (2,790 acres) planted, while in perennial crops 1,697 ha (4,190 acres) were planted.
The crops with a planted area of more than 100 hectares in 2007 were:
* oranges: 6,500 ha (16,000 acres)
* pineapple: 230 ha (570 acres)
* sugarcane: 686 ha (1,700 acres)
* corn: 2,300 ha (5,700 acres)
* soybeans: 700 ha (1,700 acres)
* sorghum: 280 ha (690 acres)

## Health and education

In the health sector there were 02 health clinics and no hospitals. In the educational sector there were 11 primary schools and no middle schools.
* Municipal Human Development Index: 0.795 (2000)
* State ranking: 57 out of 853 municipalities as of 2000
* National ranking: 676 out of 5,138 municipalities as of 2000
* Literacy rate: 89%
* Life expectancy: 73 (average of males and females)
The highest ranking municipality in Minas Gerais in 2000 was Poços de Caldas with 0.841, while the lowest was Setubinha with 0.568. Nationally the highest was São Caetano do Sul in São Paulo with 0.919, while the lowest was Setubinha. In more recent statistics (considering 5,507 municipalities) Manari in the state of Pernambuco has the lowest rating in the country—0,467—putting it in last place.
# Rachelia (butterfly)

Rachelia is a genus of skipper butterflies in the family Hesperiidae. The sole species of this genus is Rachelia extrusa. It is found along the coast of New Guinea and Cape York in the far north of Australia.
The wingspan is about 30 mm.
The larvae feed on Flagellaria indica.
# Gökçek Vederson

Gökçek Vederson (born Wederson Luiz da Silva Medeiros; 22 July 1981) is a Brazilian retired footballer who played as a left-back.

## Career

Born Rio de Janeiro state, Wederson has played for Internacional, Americano, Vasco da Gama, Juventude and Ituano. He left for Turkey in August 2004.
He signed a 3-year contract with Fenerbahçe on 11 June 2007.

## Citizenship

Vederson holds dual-citizenship with Brazil and Turkey. The latter he received in March 2007. Having not been capped by the Brazil national football team, Brazilian Football Federation (CFB), respectively, Vederson has the option of playing for Turkey, if called up.
# Pervomaiskyi, Donetsk Oblast

Pervomaiskyi (Ukrainian: Первомайський) is a rural settlement in Snizhne urban hromada, Horlivka Raion, Donetsk Oblast, eastern Ukraine. Population: 2,787 (2022 estimate).

## Demographics

Native language as of the Ukrainian Census of 2001:
* Ukrainian 4.2%
* Russian 95.47%
# Shane McNaughton

Shane McNaughton (born 1988) is an Irish hurler who currently plays as a right wing-forward for the Antrim senior team. As of 2017, Shane is also currently studying in the Stella Adler School of Acting in New York City.

## Playing career
### Inter-county

McNaughton made his first appearance for the team during the 2007 championship and gradually became a regular member of the team. Since then he has won five Ulster medals. In 2011 he withdrew from Antrims Championship team to play in New York for the summer. He returned and has been Antrims top score getter in the 2012 National Hurling League.

### Club

At club level McNaughton is a double Ulster medalist with the Ruairí Óg Cushendall club. He has also won three county championship medals.

### Inter-provincial

McNaughton has also lined out with Ulster in the inter-provincial series of games.
McNaughton has also won numerous individual awards such as, Ulster writer awards and AIB Ulster hurler of the year.
His father, Terence 'Sambo' McNaughton, also played hurling with Antrim and later managed the team.
# Aqil ibn Mubarak

‘Aqīl ibn Mubārak ibn Rumaythah ibn ibn Muḥammad Abī Numayy al-Ḥasanī (Arabic: عقيل بن مبارك بن رميثة بن محمد أبي نمي الحسني; d. 1422) was a co-Emir of Mecca during the reign of his cousin Inan ibn Mughamis. He died in 825 AH (1422).
# Kastaniani

Kastaniani (Greek: Καστάνιανη meaning "chestnut tree", also: Καστανέα Kastanea) is a mountain village in the Ioannina regional unit in northern Greece. It is part of the municipal unit of Mastorochoria. It is situated in the northern Pindus mountains, near the left bank of the river Sarantaporos. It is 4 km southeast of Pyrsogianni and 18 km northeast of Konitsa.
# Macrosoma hedylaria

Macrosoma hedylaria is moth-like butterfly described by William Warren in 1894. It belongs to the family Hedylidae. Originally it belonged to the genus Phellinodes. Malcolm J. Scoble combined it with Macrosoma in 1986.

## Distribution

The species is found Eastern Colombia, the Amazonas area of Venezuela, across Brazil from the northwest to the northeast and south to below São Paulo in the east of that country. Peru, on either side of the Andes down to Lima in the west.

## Description
### Wings

The wings are greyish-brown color with white and black markings. Forewing is medially semi-translucent with prominent triangular white patch on costa. The apex is of pale chestnut color. Hindwing medially semi-translucent with dark grey-brown broder. The semi-translucent area of the hindwing has dark, poorly defined spot beneath it. The length of the forewing is 22–27 mm.

### Genitalia
#### Male

Following are the characteristics of the male genitalia:
* Uncus is truncated at apex (ventral view), extending beyond apex of the Valva.
* The central element of Gnathos is small and short, not downcurved.
* The apex of Valva is upcurved (i.e., dorsally).
* Diaphragma densely denticulate.

#### Female

The female genitalia has the following features:
* Anal papillae is more rounded than pointed.
* Anterior apophyses is weakly sclerotized.
* Pocket present on Sternum 7 on each side of ostium bursae.

### Antenna

The antenna is not bipectinate in both sexes.

## Diagnosis

M. hedylaria can be distinguished from M. cascaria by the presence of extensive semi-translucent areas on the wings and the prominent white triangular mark on the forewing. The pale chestnut brown color of the apex helps to distinguish M. hedylaria from M. conifera.
# Sprint (West Midlands)

Sprint is a bus rapid transit scheme under construction in the West Midlands, England. The project is developed by Transport for West Midlands.

## Quinton route

vteSprint :
Legend :
Quinton Road :
In July 2014, it was announced that a new BRT bus-tram service "featuring vehicles that look and operate like a tram but without tracks", named Sprint, would be introduced on the Hagley Road, which would connect with the Metro's Line One extension. Viewed as 'Metro's Little Sister', Sprint is intended to offer a higher level of service quality than standard bus services, and will feature some bus priority measures, like bus lanes and priority signalling to speed up service. Sprint should grow demand, and improve connectivity in areas which do not yet fully justify Metro access. Centro stated that the new City Centre-Quinton route was chosen primarily for its potential for economic growth. The route will have 16 stops.

## Cross-city route

Plans remain for the 'Quinton line' but priority was given, following the award of the 2022 Commonwealth Games to Birmingham, for a cross-city route from Walsall along the A34 road, passing by the Alexander Stadium in Perry Barr to Birmingham City Centre and on to Birmingham Airport and Solihull. Work began in April 2021 with the aim to be complete before the Commonwealth Games start in July 2022.
As of August 2024, no Sprint vehicles have been commissioned.

## Future routes

Future routes are proposed to Stourbridge, Longbridge and Sutton Coldfield and Dudley.
In 2014, money was also allocated for a service to Birmingham Airport "by 2021".
# Hakan Arslan

Hakan Arslan (born 18 July 1988) is a Turkish footballer who plays as a midfielder for Serik Belediyespor.

## Playing career

Arslan is a youth product of İstanbul Güngörenspor having joined their youth academy in 1998, and started his professional career with them. He transferred to Samsunspor in 2011 and made his professional debut with them in a 2-2 Süper Lig tie with MKE Ankaragücü on 4 November 2011. He transferred to Sivasspor in 2013.

## Honours

Sivasspor
* Turkish Cup: 2021–22
# Focus 11

Focus 11 is the thirteenth studio album by Dutch progressive rock band Focus, released in November 2018 on in and Out of Focus Records. It is their first album to feature bassist Udo Pannekeet, who replaced Bobby Jacobs in 2016.

## Track listing

* "Who's Calling?" (Thijs van Leer) – 5:27
* "Heaven" (van Leer) – 4:26
* "Theodora Na Na Na" (van Leer) – 4:27
* "How Many Miles?" (van Leer) – 4:48
* "Mazzel" (van Leer) – 4:23
* "Winnie" (van Leer) – 5:13
* "Palindrome" (van Leer) – 5:33
* "Clair-Obscur" (van Leer) – 3:14
* "Mare Nostrum" (Udo Pannekeet) – 5:08
* "Final Analysis" (van Leer) – 3:51
* "Focus 11" (van Leer) – 6:11

## Personnel

* Thijs van Leer – organ, piano, synthesizers, flute, vocals
* Menno Gootjes – guitar
* Udo Pannekeet – bass, mixing
* Pierre van der Linden – drums
* Geert Scheijgrond – producing, mixing

## Charts

| Chart (2019) | Peak position |
| UK Rock & Metal Albums (OCC) | 23 |