OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Ruben I

Ruben I, (Armenian: Ռուբեն Ա; 1025/1035–1095) was the first lord of Armenian Cilicia from c. 1081 until his death.

## His descent and early years

The Rubenids were descendants of the Bagratids.

## Death

He was 70 (or 60) when he died; he was buried at the monastery of Castalon.

## Marriage and children

The name of Roupen’s wife is unknown. His recorded children are:
* Constantine I of Cilicia (1035/1055 – 24 February 1102 / 23 February 1103)
* (?) Thoros of Marash (according to Rüdt-Collenberg, he was the brother of Constantine I)
# Wedding dresses of Princess Anne of the United Kingdom

Princess Anne (only daughter of Queen Elizabeth II) has been married twice, in 1973 and 1992:

## First wedding

The wedding dress worn by Princess Anne for her marriage to Captain Mark Phillips on 14 November 1973 at Westminster Abbey was designed by Maureen Baker, the chief designer for the ready-to-wear label Susan Small; she had previously designed outfits for the princess. The train was embroidered by Lock's Embroiderers. Princess Anne was said to have designed many aspects of the dress herself. It was reported that Princess Anne took inspiration from court dresses worn during the Elizabethan era, and had a much simplistic design compared to prior more extravagant styles worn by other royals.
The dress was an embroidered "Tudor-style" wedding dress with a high collar and "mediaeval" trumpet sleeves, with white silk chiffon under sleeves edged with pearls and other jewels. Her veil was made of silk net embroidered with floral sprays, and her "something borrowed" was the Queen Mary Fringe tiara.
Compared to previous royal wedding dresses, it was described as "simplistic" and was noted as being close to contemporary 1970s wedding fashions.

## Second wedding

For her marriage to Timothy Laurence on 12 December 1992 at Crathie Kirk, Princess Anne wore a white jacket over a high-necked white midi dress.
# 1992 South Ossetian independence referendum

An independence referendum was held in South Ossetia on 19 January 1992. The voters answered the questions: "Do you agree that South Ossetia should be an independent country?" and "Do you agree with the South Ossetian parliament solution of September 1, 1991 on reunion with Russia?" The proposals were approved by 99.9% of voters, but the results were not recognised internationally.

## Background

In November 1989 the Supreme Soviet of the South Ossetian Autonomous Oblast voted for conversion to the status of an Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic. However, the Georgian government revoked the territory's autonomous status on 1 December 1990. Although Georgia boycotted the March 1991 referendum on creating a renewed Soviet federation, South Ossetian voters took part. When Georgia held an independence referendum later in the month, it was boycotted in South Ossetia.
On 28 November 1991 the South Ossetia government declared independence.

## Results

| Question | For | For | Against | Against | Invalid/ blank | Total votes | Registered voters | Turnout | Outcome |
| Question | Votes | % | Votes | % | Invalid/ blank | Total votes | Registered voters | Turnout | Outcome |
| Independence | 53,308 | 99.91 | 48 | 0.09 | 85 | 53,441 | 55,151 | 96.90 | Approved |
| Reunion with Russia | 53,291 | 99.89 | 57 | 0.11 | 93 | 53,441 | 55,151 | 96.90 | Approved |
| Source: Direct Democracy ||||||||||
# Balvant Parekh

Balvantray Kalyanji Parekh (1925 – 25 January 2013) was an Indian entrepreneur and founder of Pidilite Industries. He was known as the Fevicol Man.

## Early life

Balvant was born in a Jain family family in Mahuva town of Bhavnagar district Gujarat India. Balvant grandfather was a magistrate. Balvant finished his initial school education in Mahuva and got his law degree from Government Law College Mumbai. While he was studying Balvant married Kantaben. Balvant never practiced law and worked in a dyeing and printing press in Mumbai. He changed jobs as a peon in a wood trader’s office where he used to stay in the warehouse along with his wife. Balvant decided to start his own business with the help of investor Mohan and started importing cycle, areca nut, paper dyes from western countries. After starting his business Balvant moved to flat in Sion Mumbai along with his wife, son and brother Sushil.

## Pidilite Industries

Balvant joined fifty per cent partnership with a German firm Fedco representing another German company Hoechst. In 1954 on invitation from the managing director of Hoechst Balvant went to Germany for a month. After the death of Hoechst managing director, the company decided to do direct business. In 1954 Balvant started trading and manufacturing of dye and industrial chemicals, pigment emulsions unit in Jacob circle Mumbai along with his brother Sushil, which he named Parekh Dyechem Industries. Balvant started buying more stocks of Fedco and made a glue name Fevicol. The name of glue was inspired by German word ‘Col’ meaning anything that bonds two things and the German company was making identical product named ‘Movicol’. Balvant’s younger brother Narendra Parekh also joined his business after finishing studies from United States. The company was later renamed as Pidilite Industries in 1959

## Philanthropy

Balvant had provided support in starting an Arts and Science college in Mahuva Gujarat India. He donated INR 20 million for Bhavnagar’s Science city project and also donated to Gujarati Sahitya Parishad. In 2009 Balvant founded Balvant Parekh Centre for General Semantics and Other Human Sciences in Baroda Gujarat India.

## Awards and Recognitions

* 1. J. Talbot Winchell Award in 2011
* 2. Forbes India had placed him 45th on its annual rich list rankings

## Associations

Balvant had served as the Chairman of Vinyl Chemicals India and the founder Chairman of Pidilite Industries.

## Family

Balvant had two sons Madhukar Parekh and Ajay Parekh both part of the family business Pidilite Industries., and one daughter, Kalpana Parekh. Balvant was close friend of Dhirubhai Ambani founder of Reliance Industries and lived in the same apartment block in Usha Kiran building on Carmichael Road Mumbai.
Balvant died on 25 January 2013 at the age of 88.
# The Wildlife Society

The Wildlife Society (TWS) is an international non-profit association involved in wildlife stewardship through science and education. The Wildlife Society works to improve wildlife conservation in North America by advancing the science of wildlife management, promoting continuing education of wildlife professionals, and advocating for sound, science-based wildlife policy. The organization also encourages professional growth through certification, peer-reviewed publications, conferences, and working groups.
Society members are dedicated to sustainable management of wildlife resources and their habitats. Ecology is the primary scientific discipline of the wildlife profession; therefore, the interests of the Society embrace the interactions of all organisms with their natural environments. The Society supports the belief that wildlife, in its myriad forms, is basic to the maintenance of a human culture that provides quality living.

## Overview

The Wildlife Society, initially known as The Society of Wildlife Specialists, was launched at the North American Wildlife Conference in Washington, D.C., in 1936. A year later, in St. Louis, Missouri, the Specialists became The Wildlife Society. A constitution and bylaws were adopted in 1937, and the Society was incorporated on March 25, 1948.
Over time, The Wildlife Society has broadened its programs beyond its original focus on scientific publications to include education and certification of wildlife biologists and advocacy.

## Publications

The society publishes three scientific journals: Journal of Wildlife Management, Wildlife Society Bulletin, and Wildlife Monographs. In addition to these scholarly journals, the Society publishes The Wildlife Professional, a popular magazine for members. Other important publications include technical reviews featuring analyses of current issues in wildlife conservation that are written by expert panels.

## Awards

In 1950 the Society created the annual Aldo Leopold Award.
# Miss Earth Belize

Miss Earth Belize is an annual national beauty pageant that selects Belize's official representative to Miss Earth—one of the Big Four International beauty pageants.

## History

Miss Earth Belize pageant was launched in 2011 to actively promote the preservation of the environment in Belize. It was also the first year Belize sent its first representative to the Miss Earth beauty pageant.

## Titleholders
### Color key

* Declared as Winner
* Ended as runner-up
* Ended as one of the finalists or semifinalists
| Year | Miss Earth Belize | Placement |
| 2011 | Kimberly Robateau | Unplaced |
| 2012 | Jessel Lauriano | Unplaced |
| 2013 | Amber Rivero | Unplaced |
| Did not compete in 2014 ||||
| 2015 | Christine Syme | Unplaced |
| 2016 | Chantae Chanice Guy | Unplaced |
| 2017 | Iris Salguero | Unplaced |
| 2018 | Renae Martinez | Unplaced |
| Did not compete in 2019—2020 ||||
| 2021 | Destiny Evelyn Wagner | Miss Earth 2021 |
| 2022 | Simone Sleeuw | Unplaced |
| 2023 | Reyna Choj | Unplaced |
| 2024 | Morgan Miles | Unplaced |
# List of international emiri trips made by Mishal Al-Ahmad

This is a list of international emiri trips made by Mishal Al-Ahmad Al-Jaber Al-Sabah, the 17th and current emir of Kuwait. Mishal Al-Ahmad has made nine international trips to eight nations since his reign started on 16 December 2023.

## Summary

The number of visits per country where Sheikh Mishal traveled are:
* One: Bahrain, Egypt, Jordan, Oman, Qatar, Turkey and the United Arab Emirates
* Two: Saudi Arabia

## 2024

| # | Country | Areas visited | Dates | Details |
| 1 | Saudi Arabia | Riyadh | 30 January | State visit, met with King Salman and Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman |
| 2 | Oman | Muscat, Duqm | 6–7 February | State visit and attending the opening ceremony of the joint Kuwaiti-Omani operated Duqm Refinery |
| 3 | Bahrain | Manama | 13 February | State visit, met with King Hamad bin Isa Al Khalifa |
| 4 | Qatar | Doha | 20 February | State visit, met with Sheikh Tamim bin Hamad Al Thani |
| 5 | United Arab Emirates | Abu Dhabi | 5 March | State visit, met with Sheikh Mohamed bin Zayed Al Nahyan |
| 6 | Jordan | Amman | 23–24 April | State visit, met with King Abdullah |
| 7 | Saudi Arabia | Riyadh | 28 April | Attending the World Economic Forum special meeting on collaboration, growth and energy for development as head of the Kuwaiti delegation. Met with Iraqi Prime Minister Mohammed Shia' Al Sudani and Pakistani Prime Minister Shehbaz Sharif. |
| 8 | Egypt | Cairo | 30 April — 1 May | State visit, met with President Abdel Fattah el-Sisi |
| 9 | Turkey | Ankara | 7—8 May | State visit coinciding with the 60th anniversary of bilateral relations between the two nations. Met with President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan |
# The Arcade (company)

The Arcade is an Australian nonprofit company that houses indie game developers in designated workspaces in order to foster a creative community "using game methodologies and technologies". They share property rent and are open to game testing each other's games to offer critique and support.

## History

The company was established in 2013 in Melbourne. Tony Reed, president of the Game Developer's Association of Australia, came up with the idea in 2010. After being declined two times by the Australian government, they were given a chance to test it successfully, after which they were given funding from Film Victoria, as well as seed money from the GDAA. Part of the rationale is due to politician Joe Hockey cancelling the Interactive Media Fund, thereby taking $10 million out of the Australian video game industry.
As of 2016, the company hosts 33 video game studios from a small amount the previous year. The company moved to a new premises in South Melbourne in early 2017.
In March 2020 IGEA merged with GDAA, acquiring all assets including The Arcade. Key Arcade members Ceri Hutton and Sav Emmett Wolfe continue to run The Arcade whilst also assuming new roles within IGEA.

## Culture

According to the Sydney Morning Herald, the company "offers discounted office space and hot desking, plus the significant benefits of shared knowledge and networking that come with working alongside others".
One of the devs explained: "I was working from home, going insane. I found out that this space was starting up...It’s been incredible. If I’ve got a question from a tech perspective...I can just go and talk to some of Australia’s foremost experts...That kind of expertise is just invaluable as a developer".

## Companies

It currently houses 33 Australian gaming development studios including:
* CG Spectrum
* Considerable Content
* DBolical
* Dime Studios
* Double Jump
* Fluffy Kitten Studios
* Game Developer's Association of Australia
* Goat Entertainment
* Grapple Gun Games
* Green Stripe Snake
* igda Melbourne
* Ironworks Games
* Log
* Lumi
* ManyMonkeys
* Mighty Games
* Minimega
* Mountains
* Points of Engagement
* Positomic
* Rocket Jump
* Samurai Punk
* Surprise Attack
* The Otherworld Agency
* The Voxel Agents
* Tin Man Games
* VectorStorm
* Wander
* Yak&Co
# Kill Me If You Dare

Kill Me If You Dare (Polish: Zabij mnie, kochanie) is a 2024 Polish romantic comedy film directed by Filip Zylber [pl]. It is a remake of the 2019 Turkish film Öldür Beni Sevgilim [tr]. It was released on Netflix on 13 February 2024.

## Premise

When a husband and wife win the lottery, they begin plotting to kill each other.

## Cast

* Weronika Książkiewicz as Natalia Rozwadowska
* Mateusz Banasiuk as Piotr Rozwadowski
* Agnieszka Więdłocha [pl] as Agata
* Piotr Rogucki as Łukasz
* Mikołaj Roznerski [pl] as Krystian
* Paulina Gałązka [pl] as Dagmara
* Mirosław Baka as Bogdan

## Production

The film was shot in Warsaw and Nowy Sącz, and around Lake Rożnów.

## Release

The film was released on Netflix on 13 February 2024.
# The Eyes of Ara

The Eyes of Ara is a 2016 adventure game developed by the Brisbane-based, one-man independent games studio 100 Stones Interactive, founded by Ben Droste.

## Development
### Conception

Droste is a Senior 3D Environment Artist and Level Designer, and was in the Australian gaming industry for ten years before making this game. He was inspired by games like Myst, in the sense of a being a character dropped into a strange world, not knowing why they were there or what was going on, and to start exploring and discovering; in addition he enjoyed how the game had no jumping or running or action.

### Design

Droste wanted to make a game in which the environment was the central character, through a narrative technique known as environmental storytelling. The game was built using the Unity3D game engine. In escape the room types of games, players are either: physically confined (due to doors being locked) or alternatively confined (because there is nothing else to do in the chapter). In contrast, Droste's design is more open ended and non-linear. There is much interactively with the game world beyond items required to progress in the story; clicking on items like walls and chairs reveal sound effects like taps and knocks, accompanied by a visual spurt of dust, thereby adding life and age to the space. In addition, players have to realistically interact with tools in order to use them; e.g. turning a wheel or pulling a lever rather than clicking on it. Droste begins designing a level with pen and paper, marking out all the puzzles, secrets, and a proposed progression through the room; he may also look out for a physical feature that may make the room fit a puzzle he has previously designed. He later maps the puzzle out in a 3D space.
The complexity and ambiguity picked up by IGN was addressed by Droste in an interview: "[It] is the untrustworthiness of incomplete information and the importance of seeking out the truth. So all of the little bits of lore scattered around are designed to add to the overall story and history, but also give varying accounts of it. It’s almost all incomplete information and sometimes even contradictory.”

### Release

The game took three years to complete. It was released in mid-2016.

## Gameplay and plot

The player stumbles upon a medieval style castle, and begins to explore the rooms to uncover its secrets.

## Critical reception

Adventure Gamers praised the game for achieving an "extreme sense of pervasive isolation". which added to its timelessness. PC Gamer's Joe Donnelly noted that after the opening few screens, the puzzle become extremely difficult, but chose to persevere due to enjoying the game. Kotaku noted that it was essentially an "Aussie take on Myst". Just Adventure felt that despite the obscurity and difficulty of the puzzles and narrative, it was well-made and of a professional quality. PC Powerplay reviewer Meghann O'Neil noted that if it weren't part of her job, she wouldn't have had the time to sit down quietly and just listen, touch, read and explore, and she was grateful for the experience.
# Nick Ford

Nicolas Ford (born October 8, 1999) is an American football center. He played college football at Utah.

## Early life

Ford was raised in San Pedro, California, playing high school football at San Pedro High School. He committed to play college football at Utah on February 1, 2017.

## Professional career

Ford was signed by the Jacksonville Jaguars as an undrafted free agent on April 30, 2022, shortly after the conclusion of the 2022 NFL draft. He was waived on August 30 and signed to the practice squad the next day. He was released off the practice squad on September 12, 2022.
# Exchequer Directorates

The Exchequer Directorates of the Scottish Government are a group of directorates of the Scottish Government. The Exchequer Directorate is headed by Alyson Stafford CBE was appointed in July 2017. The Director General of the Scottish Exchequer Directorate is solely responsible for the overall setting, overview and implementing of the Scottish Budget, including tax, spending of the Scottish Government and measuring performance, and for any advice and support, as well as for the systems on finance and procurement. The Director-General of the Exchequer Directorate is a member of the Scottish Government's Corporate Governance Board.

## Current Directorates

The Exchequer Directorate currently consists of the following four directorates of which it is responsible for:
* Budget and Public Spending Directorate
* Fiscal Sustainability and Exchequer Development Directorate
* Internal Audit and Assurance Directorate
* Tax and Revenues Directorate
# Roßkopf (Bavaria)

The Roßkopf is a 1,580-metre-high (5,180 ft) peak in the Mangfall Mountains in Upper Bavaria. It lies in the south of the district of Miesbach right on the boundary between the parishes of Schliersee in the east and Rottach-Egern in the west, which forms the watershed between the lakes of Schliersee and Tegernsee. Other peaks on this line are the Bodenschneid and the Rinnerspitz further north.

## Recreation

Due to its proximity to Munich, its relatively low height, easy ascents and picturesque location with views of the Spitzingsee and Tegernsee lakes, the Roßkopf is one of the most popular local mountains for Munich families. As a result, its grass-covered summit with its summit cross is often crowded on summer and autumn weekends in fine weather.

### Snow sports

Roßkopf is also a destination for ski mountaineering and powder skiers. A new chair lift links the Roßkopf to the Spitzing ski resort. Snow conditions on the mountain can be variable and dangerous out of season.
In 2022, German national team goalkeeper Manuel Neuer fell while skiing on the southern slope of the Roßkopf and broke his leg.
# Guillermo Meza (footballer)

Guillermo Ademir Meza Moreno (13 May 1988 – 6 May 2010) was a Mexican soccer defender. He played with Pumas Morelos of Mexico's second division.

## Career

Meza began his career in 2002 with UNAM Pumas and joined Pumas Morelos in 2007. He played 17 games for Pumas Morelos and earned three caps with one goal for UNAM Pumas.

## Death

On 6 May 2010, Meza was shot in the head, after attackers chased him in a taxi and opened fire.
# Dawn Neesom

Dawn Neesom (born 11 December 1964) is an English journalist. She was promoted to the post of editor of the Daily Star newspaper in December 2003, and left at the end of February 2018.
Born in Stratford, London, England, Neesom attended Valentines High School in Ilford, Essex. Her mother was a cleaner and her father a lorry driver.
Neesom has claimed at various times that her career in journalism began on the local weekly newspaper the Newham Recorder, but this has been shown to be untrue and she no longer makes this claim. She also worked on Woman's Own magazine before joining The Sun newspaper as a feature writer in 1992. She was promoted to woman's editor before she joined the Daily Star as their woman's editor in 1997. Between 1997 and 2003, she was promoted to features editor and then associate editor (features) before, in September 2003, becoming joint deputy editor with Hugh Whittow. She left her post as the Daily Star's editor at the end of February 2018 after the takeover by Reach plc, though she continues as a columnist for the newspaper.
She supports West Ham United and also practises kickboxing in her spare time.
Neesom is a regular guest on talkRADIO, frequently appearing on many of their shows, especially with Mike Graham, where she regularly joins Mike and others for the "Plank of the Week" segment, as well as guest hosting on the station. Neesom is also a regular guest on GB News.
# UNSW College

UNSW College, owned by UNSW Sydney, offers pathway programs for international students to university. UNSW was the first in Australia to offer a Foundation Studies program, and also established the first university language centre in the country.
More recently, UNSW College's offerings have increased with the addition of Diplomas and Pre-Masters. Campuses in Sydney and programs available to study around the world, UNSW College has helped more than 40,000 students reach their university dreams over the past 50 years.

## Programs

The UNSW College offers Foundation, Diploma, Pre-Masters and Academic English courses.

### International students

International students can undertake study to address three main areas of study:
* Diploma Programs are for high-achieving students with good English skills. a UNSW Diploma allows students to progress straight into Second Year of a chosen undergraduate degree. This 12-month program is equivalent to your First Year at university. Students can choose from Architecture, Business, Computer Science, Engineering, Media & Communication or Science.
* Pre-Masters program provides additional academic or English language support to meet the entry requirements needed to progress to a postgraduate degree at UNSW Sydney. It offers an opportunity to enhance critical thinking, academic writing, project management, research, and communication skills to succeed.
* Foundation Studies Programs are supportive pathways to the First Year of any UNSW degree. With four programs ranging from four to 15 months in length and streams that align with UNSW's degree programs, these programs are designed to suit a student's academic and English skills.
* Academic English Improves English skills before starting university. A range of Academic English programs is offered. Students learn how to communicate effectively, participate in lectures and tutorials, read and understand university-level texts, and build confidence while reaching goals.

## Campuses

The UNSW College has purpose-built facilities at UNSW's Kensington campuses in Sydney, Australia. In addition to accessing the college's facilities, students taking courses can also access a range of UNSW facilities including the library, sports facilities and health centres.
Sections of the Blockhouse building are also allocated to UNSW College, and classes are frequently run online.
# Dokjeong station

Dokjeong Station is a subway station on Line 2 of the Incheon Subway.