OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Caroline Dumas

Caroline Dumas (born 15 January 1935) is a French soprano considered as "probably the most emblematic student of the lyrical singer Charles Panzéra".

## Life

Born in Casablanca, after obtaining three first prizes at the Conservatoire de Paris, she was hired by the Paris Opera where she distinguished herself as a soloist for fifteen years, under the baton of Georges Prêtre and other prestigious conductors. At the Palais Garnier where she began, among the roles for which she was known, first under the name of Micheline Dumas and then Caroline Dumas, were those of Frasquita (in 1962, 1964, 1966) in Bizet's Carmen, Marceline in Beethoven's Fidelio (in 1968), Micaëla in Carmen (1969, 1970) and Marguerite (in Gounod's Faust).
She has also performed for more than thirty years in many opera houses around the world. A singing teacher at the École Normale de Musique de Paris, she is regularly invited to master classes in Egypt, Morocco, China, Russia and Georgia. Her discography includes several recordings with Gabriel Bacquier (in particular the famous "duo de l'escarpolette" in Messager's Véronique).
On December 8, 2013, she performed, with bass-baritone Mourad Amirkhanian and cellist Dominique de Williencourt, salle Gaveau in Paris, at a recital entitled "Merci la France ! It is Armenia that remembers - 25 years later.... The earthquake in Armenia".
In 2017, she was one of the founding members of the InterHallier Center.

## Discography

* Horizons lyriques - Live with Léo Schneydermann, piano. Works by Francesco Paolo Tosti, Jules Massenet, Giacomo Puccini, Francis Poulenc, Umberto Giordano, Henri Duparc, Edvard Grieg, Gabriel Fauré, Georges Bizet, Giuseppe Verdi, Franz Lehar - Maguelone, 2000
# 1948 Swiss sugar industry referendum

A referendum on the sugar industry was held in Switzerland on 14 March 1948. Voters were asked whether they approved of a federal resolution on the reorganisation of the Swiss sugar industry. The proposal was rejected by 63.8% of voters.

## Background

The referendum was an optional referendum, which only a majority of the vote, as opposed to the mandatory referendums, which required a double majority; a majority of the popular vote and majority of the cantons.

## Results

| Choice | Choice | Votes | % |
| For | For | 272,701 | 36.16 |
| Against | Against | 481,352 | 63.84 |
| Total | Total | 754,053 | 100.00 |
| Valid votes | Valid votes | 754,053 | 96.87 |
| Invalid votes | Invalid votes | 1,517 | 0.19 |
| Blank votes | Blank votes | 22,857 | 2.94 |
| Total votes | Total votes | 778,427 | 100.00 |
| Registered voters/turnout | Registered voters/turnout | 1,376,490 | 56.55 |
| Source: Nohlen & Stöver ||||
# Archibald Heron (rugby union)

Archibald George Heron (21 October 1875 — 1 January 1942) was an Irish international rugby union player.
Heron, the son of a reverend, was one of four siblings. His father was a professor at Assembly's College in Belfast. He attended the Royal Belfast Academical Institution, where he had four years with the first XV, earning Ulster Schools representative honours in 1893 and 1894, before taking up a scholarship to Queen's College Belfast. In 1901, Heron was capped for Ireland in a match against England at Lansdowne Road in 1901.
A medical doctor, Heron was a civil surgeon during the Second Boer War and was also served in World War I, with the Royal Army Medical Corps. He otherwise was based in County Down, working as a medical officer.
# Pablo León Hakimian

Pablo León Hakimian (11 November 1953 – 6 November 2024) was a bishop of the Catholic Church in Argentina. He served as the second eparch (bishop) of the Armenian Catholic Eparchy of San Gregorio de Narek en Buenos Aires from 2018 until his death in 2024.

## Biography

Pablo León Hakimian was born in Cairo, Egypt and ordained a priest on 14 August 1981 by Patriarch Jean Pierre XVIII Kasparian, I.C.P.B. Pope Francis named Hakimian as the eparch of San Gregorio de Narek en Buenos Aires on 4 July 2018. He was ordained a bishop by Patriarch Gregory Peter XX Ghabroyan, I.C.P.B. of the Armenian Catholic Church on 29 September 2018. He died in Buenos Aires on 6 November 2024, at the age of 70.
# Thomas Jefferson Hadley

Thomas Jefferson Hadley (1728 – September 1, 1781) was an American politician, settler, and soldier in the American Revolutionary War. He played a prominent role in the signing of North Carolina's constitution in 1776.

## Early life

Thomas Jefferson Hadley was born in 1728, in New Castle, Delaware to Joshua Hadley, a Quaker originally from King's County (now County Offaly), Ireland, and Mary Rowland of Chester County, Pennsylvania. Prior to travelling to the United States, his family were members of the Quaker Meetinghouse in Moate, County Westmeath.

## Career

Hadley travelled to North Caroline with his father c. 1759, firstly settling in Bladen County, with the family becoming early settlers of Cross Creek. Hadley and his family were members of the Cane Creek Quaker community in the Piedmont region of North Carolina, however following his participation in the American Revolutionary War, he was excommunicated. During the war, he reached the rank of captain. In 1776, he represented Campbellton at the North Carolina Constitutional Convention.

## Death and legacy

Captain Hadley was killed in 1781 by a party of Tories under the command of Col. Hector McNeill at his home on Cape Fear River, on the night following the Battle of Cross Creek. His grandson Joshua Hadley became a settler in Texas, after becoming a recipient of a league of land in Anderson County.
# Déjame Entrar (Carlos Vives song)

"Déjame Entrar" (transl. Let Me In) is a song released by Colombian recording artist Carlos Vives as the first single from his fifth major studio album of the same title in 2001.

## Background and reception

The song was written by Martín Madera, Andrés Castro and Carlos Vives, and produced by Emilio Estefan, Jr. and Sebastián Krys and became Vives' second number-one hit in the Billboard Hot Latin Songs chart following "Fruta Fresca" two years prior. At the 3rd Latin Grammy Awards, Vives was the performer with the highest number of nominations, with six. "Déjame Entrar" was nominated for Record, Song of the Year and Best Short Form Music Video, and won for Best Tropical Song.

## Critical reception

Diego Bonacich of Allmusic named the song one of the best included on Déjame Entrar. About the songs included on his album, Vives said: "I always have a fusion of rhythms, which I have already hinted on my previous albums. When I make music, I work with cumbia, vallenato, with all the Caribbean rhythms from northern Colombia, it is very difficult to escape the 'trulla', the Puerto-Rican plena, the Cuban son and Dominican merengue, because they are relatives." The singer also mentioned that the song was a vallenato/pop music blend. The track was later included on the compilation album 2002 Latin Grammy Nominees, which peaked at number five in the Billboard Top Latin Albums chart.

## Chart performance

The song debuted in the Billboard Top Latin Songs chart (formerly Hot Latin Tracks) chart at number 12 the week of November 3, 2001, Vives' highest debut in the chart at the time, climbing to the top ten the following week. "Déjame Entrar" peaked at number-one on November 24, 2001, four weeks after its debut, the fastest for the singer, replacing "Suerte" by fellow Colombian singer Shakira and being succeeded by "Tantita Pena" by Mexican performer Alejandro Fernández, the following week. The song returned to the top of the chart on December 15, 2001 for another two weeks, before being succeeded by Fernández. By January 19, 2002, "Déjame Entrar" began a third period at the top, to be replaced one week later by Fernández. "Déjame Entrar" also peaked at number-one in the Tropical Airplay Charts and had a dance version released to several American nightclubs. Vives earned an ASCAP award for the song and the following singles from Déjame Entrar: "Luna Nueva" and "Carito".

## Track listing

* US Déjame Entrar 12' Single
* "Déjame Entrar" (Club Mix)
* "Déjame Entrar" (Bonus Track)
* "Déjame Entrar" (Dub Mix)

## Personnel

* Carlos Vives – performer, lyricist, co-producer
* Sebastián Krys – producer, arranger
* Emilio Estefan, Jr. – producer, arranger
* Andrés Castro – co-producer
* Egido Cuadrado – arranger
* Luis "El Papa" Pastor – arranger
* Mayte Montero – arranger
* Pablo Flores – Remix producer
Source:
# Ministry of Rural Development

Ministry of Rural Development may refer to:
* Ministry of Rural Development (Bolivia)
* Ministry of Rural Development (Cambodia)
* Ministry of Rural Development (Hungary)
* Ministry of Rural Development (India)
# Municipality of Minitonas–Bowsman

The Municipality of Minitonas–Bowsman is a rural municipality (RM) in the Parkland Region of Manitoba, Canada. More precisely, it is located in the Swan Valley area.

## History

The RM was incorporated on January 1, 2015 via the amalgamation of the RM of Minitonas, the Town of Minitonas and the Village of Bowsman. It was formed as a requirement of The Municipal Amalgamations Act, which required that municipalities with a population less than 1,000 amalgamate with one or more neighbouring municipalities by 2015. The Government of Manitoba initiated these amalgamations in order for municipalities to meet the 1997 minimum population requirement of 1,000 to incorporate a municipality.

## Communities

Constituent communities of the Municipality of Minitonas–Bowsman include:
* Bowsman (unincorporated urban community)
* Minitonas (unincorporated urban community)
* Renwer (unorganized hamlet)

## Demographics

In the 2021 Census of Population conducted by Statistics Canada, Minitonas–Bowsman had a population of 1,587 living in 691 of its 758 total private dwellings, a change of -4% from its 2016 population of 1,653. With a land area of 1,199.17 km$^2$ (463.00 sq mi), it had a population density of 1.3/km$^2$ (3.4/sq mi) in 2021.
# State of Saxony (1945–1952)

The State of Saxony (German: Land Sachsen) was a subdivision of the Soviet occupation zone in Germany (until 1949) and state of East Germany (from 1952) which broadly corresponds with the present-day German state of Saxony.

## History

In 1945, the state of Saxony was re-formed within the Soviet occupation zone, consisting of the former Free State of Saxony and the areas of the Prussian province of Lower Silesia west of the Oder-Neisse border (Upper Lusatia), with a total area of 17,004 km. The Saxon areas east of the Oder-Neisse line were lost to Polish People's Republic.
At the beginning of May 1945 the KPD group responsible for Saxony began its political work in Dresden under Anton Ackerman. The state associations of the SPD and the KPD carried out forced unification to form the SED before the zone-wide merger on April 22, 1946. The first advisory meeting of the provisional state assembly took place in May 1946. The focus of the consultation was the preparation of law on the expropriation of companies without compensation and the creation of state owned companies.
The first election of the Saxon state parliament took place on October 20, 1946, where in Saxony the SED won 49.11% of the vote and 59 seats, the LDPD won 24.71% of the vote and 30 seats, the CDU won 23.30% of the vote and 28 seats, and the VdgB won 1.74% of the vote and 2 seats. Other political party's won 1.14% of the vote and 1 seat. During the election Rudolf Friedrichs was elected as the first minister-president of the state of Saxony in the German Democratic Republic, and on February 28, 1947, the state constitution would be passed.

### Land Reform

During land reform in November 1947, around an eight of Saxony's agricultural land (1,212 estates with 260,000 hectares of land) was expropriated and given to new farmers. According to the Potsdam Agreement, large German companies and the property of the most active Nazis were transferred to the control of the Allies of the second world war. In May 1946, the Soviet Military Administration in Germany transferred those goods to the state administration of the Soviet occupation zone.
The important cultural assets of the numerous Saxon castles and mansions also came into state administration. These include around 1,000 estate archives and important castle libraries. (e.g. those of Kuckuckstein Castle and Gussing Castle), which were assigned to state archives, as well as around 11,400 additional works of art formed the basis of the 130 museums founded in the post-war years.

### Dissolution into Districts

On July 23, 1952, a law passed which reorganized the state of Saxony into the three Districts of Dresden, Leipzig and Chemnitz (Karl-Marx-Stadt 1953 to 1990). A small part of Upper Lusatia was added to the District of Cottbus.

## Minister-President (1945-1952)

Political parties: SPD SED
# Turukhan

The Turukhan (Russian: Турух́ан) is a river in northern Krasnoyarsk Krai in Russia. It is a southeast-flowing left tributary of the Yenisey. The river is 639 kilometres (397 mi) long. The area of its basin is 35,800 square kilometres (13,800 sq mi). The Turukhan freezes up in October and stays under the ice until late May or the first half of June. Its main tributaries are the Usomchik, Bolshaya Bludnaya, Verkhnyaya Baikha and Nizhnyaya Baikha from the right and Makovskaya from the left. Its mouth is 20 kilometres (12 mi) downstream from Turukhansk, where the Lower Tunguska joins the Yenisei. The river is navigable for about 288 kilometres (179 mi) from its mouth to the settlement of Yanov Stan. It was part of the canoe route from the Gulf of Ob – Taz – Turukhan – Yenisey – Nizhnyaya Tunguska – Yakutsk (see Siberian River Routes). The uncompleted Salekhard–Igarka Railway from the Ob to the Yenisey was planned to cross the Turukhan at Yanov Stan.
# Sons of Bitches

Sons of Bitches (Russian: Сукины дети, translit. Sukiny deti) is a 1990 Soviet comedy-drama film directed by Leonid Filatov. It was entered into the 17th Moscow International Film Festival.

## Plot

The plot of the film is based on real historical events in the Taganka Theater, when its leader Yuri Lyubimov left the USSR (1984), and made a number of anti-Party statements, after which he was removed from the management of the theater and deprived of citizenship. Sons of bitches tells how the troupe has apprehended these events and the pressure the state put on them, and also shows events that have not happened – the actors' strike, the hunger strike, the threat of self-immolation. A functionary is sent to the theater from the Ministry – Yuri Mikhailovich, who is to restore order in the rebellious cultural institution. The story ends in tragedy – with the death of one of the protesters.

## Cast

* Vladimir Ilyin as Leva Busygin
* Larisa Udovichenko as Tatyana, Busygin's wife
* Aleksandr Abdulov as Igor Gordynsky
* Yevgeny Yevstigneyev as Andrey Ivanovich Nanaytsev
* Liya Akhedzhakova as Ella Ernestovna, Nanaytsev's wife
* Vladimir Samoilov as Pyotr Yegorovich, Theater's Director
* Yelena Tsyplakova as Lidiya Nikolaevna Fedyaeva
* Tatyana Kravchenko as Serafima Mikhailovna Korzukhina
* Nina Shatskaya as Elena Konstantinovna Gvozdilova
* Sergey Makovetskiy as Borya Sinyukhaev
* Mariya Zubareva as Ninochka
* Galina Petrova as Tyunina
* Stanislav Govorukhin as Sergey Sergeevich Popov, writer
* Lyudmila Zaytseva as Anna Kuzminichna
* Leonid Filatov as Yuri Mikhailovich

## Production

At first, Larisa Udovichenko refused to play the scene where she undresses totally nude in front of the official, played by director Leonid Filatov himself, and in the episode of seduction she starred partially dressed (photos were left from the filming). But then, as Larisa Udovichenko recalled, "Leonid came to me with his wife Nina Shatskaya and on his knees begged me to be naked. Otherwise, the shock that his hero should experience does not work". Filatov promised that everything will be filmed delicately. "Leonid did not deceive me: there was no vulgarity. But all the same, I felt bad after that, I was ashamed in front of my parents, daughter, close friends", Udovichenko said.
# Chulyshman

The Chulyshman (Russian: Чулышман; Altay: Чолышман, Çolışman) is a river in Altai Republic in Russia. The river is 241 kilometres (150 mi) long, and its drainage basin covers 16,800 square kilometres (6,500 sq mi). The Chulyshman flows into Lake Teletskoye. It freezes up during late October through early December and stays icebound until late March through early May. Its main tributary is the Bashkaus.
# Tavda (river)

The Tavda (Russian: Тавда) is a Siberian river that drains part of the central Ural mountains into the Tobol. It is north of the Tura and south of the Konda. It is located in Sverdlovsk Oblast and Tyumen Oblast.
It is formed by the confluence of the rivers Lozva and Sosva. The Tavda is 719 kilometres (447 mi) long, and its drainage basin covers 88,100 square kilometres (34,000 sq mi). The river freezes up in early November and stays icebound until late April. Its main tributary is the Pelym. The Tavda is navigable and is used for timber rafting. The town of Tavda is located on the shores of the Tavda, as is Pelym, the earliest Russian settlement east of the Urals.
The Tavda and its main tributaries, the Sosva, Lozva and Pelym all flow southeast and drain the central Urals. They are shaped like the letter 'Щ', but with a longer tail. The Sosva (the westernmost one) flows southeast, turns somewhat northeast near the town of Sosva, picks up to Lozva and gains the name of Tavda. This continues east, picks up the Pelym and flows southeast into the Tobol between Tyumen and Tobolsk.
# Eadwulf

Eadwulf (sometimes Eadulf) is an Anglo-Saxon male name. Notable people with the name include:
* Eadwulf of Elmham (10th-century), bishop of Elmham
* Eadwulf of Hereford (died 830s), bishop of Hereford
* Eadwulf of Crediton (died 934), bishop of Crediton
* Eadwulf of Lindsey (died c. 937), bishop of Lindsey
* Eadwulf I of Northumbria (fl. 704–705), king of Northumbria
* Eadwulf I of Bamburgh (died 913), ruler of northern Northumbria
* Eadwulf Evil-child (fl. 970s), ruler of northern Northumbria
* Eadwulf Cudel (died 1020s), ruler of northern Northumbria
* Eadwulf IV of Bamburgh (died 1041), ruler of northern Northumbria
* Eadwulf Rus (fl. 1080), Northumbrian noble
# De Terp metro station

De Terp is a subway station on Line C of the Rotterdam Metro and is situated in the town of Capelle aan den IJssel, in the Oostgaarde area, just east of Rotterdam. It is the northern terminus of the line.
The station was opened on 26 May 1994 as part of the extension of the East-West Line or Caland Line from Capelsebrug station. The station consists of an island platform between two tracks. Near the Subway station is Shopping Mall De Terp. Also RET Bus 31 to Rotterdam Alexander stops once in a half-our near the station.
# Palmier (disambiguation)

Palmier (French: feuille de palmier, lit. 'palm leaf') is a French pastry.
Palmier (French: palm tree, palm) may also refer to:
* Palmier (surname)
* Fontaine du Palmier (French: Palmier Fountain, lit. 'Palm Fountain'), Place du Chatelet, 1st Arrondissement, Paris, France
* Château des Palmiers (French: Palms Chateau, lit. 'Palm Trees Castle'), Plum Bay, Terres Basses, Saint Martin, Overseas France, Caribbean Sea; an estate used by Donald Trump
* French ship Palmier (1752), a 74-gun ship of the line of the French Navy
* Palmier Kingdom, a fictional polity from anime-manga subfranchise Yes! PreCure 5 of the Precure/Pretty Cure animanga meta-franchsie
# Athanasios Papadoudis

Athanasios Papadoudis (Greek: Αθανάσιος Παπαδούδης; born 6 September 2003) is a Greek professional footballer who plays as a goalkeeper for Cypriot First Division club Pafos.

## Honours

Olympiacos
* UEFA Europa Conference League: 2023–24
# St. Patrick: The Irish Legend

St. Patrick: The Irish Legend is a 2000 television historical drama film about the life of Saint Patrick, the Welsh-born fifth-century saint who brought Christianity to Ireland.

## Cast

* Patrick Bergin as Saint Patrick
* Malcolm McDowell as Quentin
* Alan Bates as Calpornius, Patrick's father
* Susannah York as Concessa, Patrick's mother
# Environment 2050

Environment 2050 (Italian: Ambiente 2050, A2050) was an environmentalist political party in Italy. Between August and October 2022, it counted five MPs in Italy's lower house, all of whom had been elected as members of the Five Star Movement.

## History

On 30 July 2022, Minister for Parliamentary Relations Federico D'Incà and Member of the Chamber of Deputies Davide Crippa left the Five Star Movement, of which they had been members since 2013, in disagreement with the party's decision to withdraw its support to the Draghi Cabinet.
On 1 August, Crippa and D'Incà founded Environment 2050, which Members of the Chamber of Deputies Maurizio Cattoi, Alessandra Carbonaro and Nicola Invidia joined on the same day.
Crippa ran in the 2022 Italian general election as Civic Commitment's candidate in the Gugliano in Campania single-member district, but lost and was not re-elected.
The party website has been inactive ever since, and its operations are assumed to have been permanently suspended.

## Ideology

The party is referred to by its founders as progressive and environmentalist.

## Electoral results

Chamber of Deputies :
| Election year | Votes | Seats | +/− | Leaders |
| 2022 | within Civic Commitment | 0 / 400 | 5 | Federico D'Incà Davide Crippa |
# 1852 in Argentina

Events in the year 1852 in Argentina.

## Incumbents

* Governor of Buenos Aires Province: Juan Manuel de Rosas (de facto Head of State of Argentina
* Governor of Cordoba: Manuel López then Alejo Carmen Guzmán
* Governor of Santa Fe Province: Domingo Crespo
* Provisional Director of the Argentine Confederation: Justo José de Urquiza

## Events

* January 29 – Platine War: Battle of Alvarez Field. 4,000 Rosas loyalist Argentine troops led two of General Ángel Pacheco's colonel defeated by anti-Rosas forces.
* January 31 – Two anti-Rosas divisions defeat Pacheco's forces at the Battle of Marques Bridge
* February 1 – anti-Rosas coalition camps 9 km (5.6 mi) from Buenos Aires
* February 2 – brief skirmish between anti-Rosas coalition and Rosas loyalists end with loyalists retreat
* February 3 – Platine War: Battle of Caseros. Rosas overthrown and exiled from Argentina
* February 4 – surviving soldiers of Regimento Aquino, composed of Rosas loyalists who had defected from anti-Rosas coalition, summarily executed by firing squad
* February 20 – Brazilian forces, part of victorious anti-Rosas coalition, parade through Buenos Aires to mark 25th anniversary of Battle of Ituzaingó in Cisplatine War
* May 31 – San Nicolás Agreement
* September 11 – coup d'etat in Argentina; Buenos Aires Province declares independence.
* Yellow fever in Buenos Aires epidemic

## Deaths

* February 4 – Martiniano Chilavert, former Unitarian turned Rosas loyalist, executed by firing squad
# Hohenhameln

Hohenhameln is a municipality in the district of Peine, in Lower Saxony, Germany. It is situated approximately 15 km southwest of Peine, 15 km northeast of Hildesheim and 25 km southeast of Hanover.

## Places that belong to the Hohenhameln community

Hohenhameln, Soßmar, Clauen, Bierbergen, Bründeln, Equord, Harber, Mehrum, Ohlum, Rötzum, Stedum

## Twinnings

* Hankasalmi, Finland