OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Pinhas Lavon

Pinhas Lavon (Hebrew: פנחס לבון; 12 July 1904 – 24 January 1976) was an Israeli politician, minister and labor leader, best known for the Lavon Affair.

## Early life

Lavon was born Pinhas Lubianiker in the small city of Kopychyntsi in the Galicia region of Austria-Hungary, now part of Ukraine. He studied law at the University of Lviv, where he organized Histadrut organizations in the region. He made aliyah and moved to Mandatory Palestine in 1929.

## Political life

Lavon was elected to the first Knesset in 1949, and served briefly as the leader of the Histadrut in 1949–50. He was appointed Minister of Agriculture in David Ben-Gurion's second government.
He retained his seat in the 1951 elections, and in 1952 was appointed Minister without Portfolio. Following Ben-Gurion's resignation, he was appointed Minister of Defense in 1954.
However, he resigned from the cabinet after he was accused of authorizing an Israeli false flag operation in Egypt, which came to be known as the Lavon Affair.
Nevertheless, he remained an MK following elections in 1955 and 1959 and returned to the leadership of the Histadrut from 1956 to 1961. Lavon was later absolved of any involvement in the Egyptian bombings. He retired from public life in 1964 after a long-standing discord with Ben-Gurion and died in Tel Aviv in 1976.
During his tenure, Lavon strained relations with the Chief of Staff of the IDF Moshe Dayan by holding important policy meetings without Dayan being present, directly contacting IDF officers without following the established chain of command and attempting to scuttle Israeli purchases of arms from France.
The culmination came when Operation Susannah (as the Lavon affair was officially called) was launched when Dayan was out of the country. In his diaries, Israel's second prime minister, Moshe Sharett revealed that Lavon had proposed committing "atrocities" in the Gaza Strip, and spreading poisonous bacteria in the Israel-Syria Demilitarised Zone.
These were not implemented after Dayan and his predecessor Mordechai Maklef protested to Sharett.
# Jimmy Laidlaw

James A. Laidlaw (20 November 1873–unknown) was a Scottish footballer who played in the Football League for Newcastle United and Woolwich Arsenal.
# Revenge of the Conquered

Revenge of the Conquered (Italian: Drakut il vendicatore, literally "Drakut the Avenger") is a 1961 Italian epic adventure film directed by Luigi Capuano and starring Burt Nelson and Wandisa Guida. It grossed 244 million lire at the Italian box office.

## Plot

This action packed romantic thriller begins as Drakut encounters and saves a pretty young gypsy on his return home from war. Drakut is not aware that the gypsy girl is actually Princess Irina, and she is not aware that Drakut is the son of the gypsy queen. Princess Irina's father, Nicholas, is the fair ruler of the local kingdom, however, is often influenced by the evil Grand Duke, Atanas. Chaos ensues when Atanas has Drakut's mother burned at the stake after speculation that she is a witch. None-the-wiser to Atanas' evil motives Drakut blames Irina for his mother's death. Atanas then has Nicholas killed and blames it on Drakut. When Drakut eventually learns the true identity of the gypsy girl as Princess Irina, he rescues her from an arranged marriage to Atanas. In return, the Princess names Drakut a Prince, making him eligible to marry her.

## Cast

* Burt Nelson as Drakut
* Wandisa Guida as Irina
* Mario Petri as Atanas
* Moira Orfei as Edmea
* Walter Barnes
* Franco Fantasia
* Carla Calò
* Maria Grazia Spina
* Rosalia Maggio
* Ugo Sasso
* Elio Crovetto
# Capra Grigia

The Capra Grigia, French: Chèvre grise des montagnes, German: Graue Bergziege, is a rare and endangered Swiss breed of domestic goat. It originates in the valleys of the cantons of the Grisons or Graubünden in the eastern part of the country, and of Ticino or Tessin in the south. It is possibly related to the grey type of the Passeirer Gebirgsziege from the Autonomous Province of Bolzano in north-eastern Italy.

## History

Documentation of the Capra Grigia in the valleys of the Ticino and the Grisons goes back more than 100 years. Three regional types were distinguished: the Bleni-Valmaggia or Lavizzarer, the Liviner or Misoxer, and the Riveria. The breed was not recognised in the reorganisation of Swiss goat breeds in 1938, and infection with caprine arthritis encephalitis in the mid-twentieth century contributed to its near-total disappearance. The Swiss association ProSpecieRara launched a conservation and recovery project for the Capra Grigia in 1997, recorded all surviving members in a herd-book, and started a controlled breeding programme. Breed standards were formulated in 2005, and in 2006 the Capra Grigia was officially recognised as a Swiss breed.$^{:112}$$^{:367}$ In 2007 the total number registered was 190, and the conservation status was listed by the FAO as "critical-maintained".$^{:367}$ In 2008, five apparently similar goats were discovered in the Valchiavenna in Italy, which increased the gene pool. In 2011 a breed association, Capra Grigia Schweiz, was formed.
At the end of 2011 a population of 475–490 was reported to DAD-IS.

## Characteristics

The Capra Grigia is sure-footed and agile, with hard hooves well-suited to the high mountain terrain of the southern Alps. The horns are strong, and grow upwards and outwards. The coat colour is similar to that of the Austrian Blobe Ziege [de]: it varies from a mottled dark grey to a pale silver-white; the legs are dark grey or black, and there is a dark dorsal stripe.$^{:367}$
* Nanny goat
* Kids
# José Tiburcio López Constante

José Tiburcio López Constante (after 1790 – 25 September 1858) was governor of Yucatán, Mexico.
Yucatán's first constitution was promulgated in 1825. Antonio López de Santa Anna was removed as military commander of the area and immediately resigned as governor of Yucatán. At that point, López Constant was appointed by the Congress as the new governor. He took office on April 25, 1825 and the following May 3 issued the call for the first elections were to be held in Yucatan under the new constitution. After performing these on August 21 of that year, the legislature declared Yucatán José Tiburcio Lopez constant as governor for the next four years and Peter de Souza as vice-governor. Despite the national context's worry over the fight between federalists and centralists, the initial year under Lopez's leadership was generally tranquil. Fostered productive activities in the state, particularly those relating to the henequen industry then began to develop.
A decade later, in 1844, Lopez was again constant Yucatán governor to be appointed by Antonio López de Santa Anna, then president of Mexico, based on the provisions of the Organic Bases, 1843 governing the centralist Mexico then. The designation is given, however, in the context of emergency in which recognized the right to Yucatán to govern independently and free trade also occurring him, what had been a repeated approach the Yucatán since joining the republic .
# Nicolas Carvallo

Nicolas Carvallo (born 1991) is a Chilean alpine ski racer.
He competed at the 2015 World Championships in Beaver Creek, USA, in the Super-G.
# Rutan, Iran

Rutan (Persian: روتان, also Romanized as Rūtān, Rootan, and Rowtān) is a village in Bemani Rural District, Byaban District, Minab County, Hormozgan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 546, in 104 families.
# Cheget

Cheget (Russian: Чегет) is a "nuclear briefcase" (named after Mount Cheget [ru] in Kabardino-Balkaria) and a part of the automatic system for the command and control of Russia's Strategic Nuclear Forces (SNF) named Kazbek (Казбек, named after Mount Kazbek on the Georgia–Russia border). From when it was first developed, a "nuclear suitcase" has been available to the Russian head of state, Minister of Defense and the head of the General Staff.

## History

The cheget was developed during Yuri Andropov's administration in the early 1980s. The suitcase was put into service just as Mikhail Gorbachev took office as General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union in March 1985. It is connected to the special communications system code-named Kavkaz (Кавказ, the Russian name for the Caucasus region), which "supports communication between senior government officials while they are making the decision whether to use nuclear weapons, and in its own turn is plugged into Kazbek, which embraces all the individuals and agencies involved in command and control of the Strategic Nuclear Forces."
The President of Russia (the Supreme Commander-in-Chief) has a cheget on hand at all times. It is one of three, with the other two held by the Minister of Defence and the Chief of the General Staff. It may be that affirmations from two of the three are needed to trigger an actual launch. The General Staff receives the signal and initiates the nuclear strike through the passing of authorization codes to missile silo launch complexes/ballistic missile submarines or by remotely launching individual land-based intercontinental ballistic missiles (ICBMs)/submarine-launched ballistic missiles (SLBMs).
On 25 January 1995, in the Norwegian rocket incident, the cheget was activated in response to a misidentified three-stage scientific sounding rocket (Brant XII as third stage), launched by Norwegian and U.S. scientists; it was the only known time a nuclear briefcase has been activated in preparation for an attack.

## Gallery

* Then-Acting President Vladimir Putin receiving the "nuclear briefcase" on 31 December 1999.
* The ceremony of passing the "nuclear briefcase" during Vladimir Putin's third inauguration on 7 May 2012.
# Phu Loi Base Camp

Phu Loi Base Camp (also known as Darkhorse Base or Phu Loi Field) is a former U.S. Army base north of Saigon in southern Vietnam.

## History
### 1940s-1963

Phu Loi airfield was originally established by the Japanese in the 1940s and was located approximately 20 km north of Saigon in Bình Dương Province. During the First Indochina War the base was used by the French as a prisoner of war camp for captured Viet Minh. Following the end of the war it was used to imprison opponents of the Ngo Dinh Diem government.
Here, according to North Vietnamese and Vietcong sources was the site of the Phu Loi massacre in December 1958 by Ngo Dinh Diem troops, more than 1,000 prisoners were killed by poison.

### 1965-72

The U.S. Army base was established in 1965.
The 2nd Brigade, 1st Infantry Division comprising:
* 2nd Battalion, 16th Infantry Regiment
* 1st Battalion, 18th Infantry Regiment$^{:143}$
* 2nd Battalion, 18th Infantry Regiment$^{:143}$
was based at Phu Loi from December 1965-February 1966.
The 3rd Brigade, 82nd Airborne Division comprising:
* 1st Battalion, 505th Infantry Regiment$^{:158}$
* 2nd Battalion, 505th Infantry Regiment$^{:159}$
was based at Phu Loi from September 1968-December 1969
Other units stationed at Phu Loi included:
* 11th Combat Aviation Battalion:
** 128th Assault Helicopter Company
** 173rd Assault Helicopter Company before moving to Lai Khe
** 205th Aviation Support Helicopter Company
** 213th Aviation Support Helicopter Company
* D Troop, 1st Squadron, 4th Cavalry Regiment
* AVEL Central Avionics (January 1966-April 1972)$^{:187}$
* 2nd Battalion, 34th Armor$^{:93}$
* 34th Engineer Battalion (May 1968-October 1971)$^{:171}$
* 1st Battalion, 27th Artillery (April–November 1967)$^{:102}$
* 6th Battalion, 27th Artillery (March 1970-April 1971)$^{:102}$
* 2nd Battalion, 32nd Artillery (October 1969-January 1972)$^{:103}$
* A Battery, 5th Battalion, 42d Field Artillery (January–March 1972)
* 44th Signal Battalion (May–June 1972)$^{:182}$
* 82nd Brigade Support Battalion
* 3rd Battalion, 197th Artillery (September 1968-September 1969)$^{:108}$

## Current use

The base is largely abandoned, but a small section serves a museum. The former airfield is still clearly visible on satellite images.
# The Great Alligator River

The Great Alligator River, originally Il fiume del grande caimano and also known as Alligators, Caiman, Big Alligator River and The Big Caimano River, is a 1979 Italian adventure film directed by Sergio Martino. In the film, an African God takes the form of a giant man-eating crocodile and attacks tourists at a newly built resort after it becomes angered by encroachment on its land. Filming took place during the summer of 1979 in Sri Lanka and Italy, and began on 3 June; filming was originally slated to start on 20 May.

## Cast

* Barbara Bach as Alice Brandt (Voiced by Susan Spafford)
* Claudio Cassinelli as Daniel Nessel
* Mel Ferrer as Joshua
* Richard Johnson as Prophet Jameson
* Romano Puppo as Peter
* Anny Papa as Laura
* Enzo Fisichella as Maurice, lover of Minou's mother
* Lory Del Santo as Jane
* Silvia Collatina as Minou
* Clara Colosimo as tourist
# James Acord

James Leroy Acord (19 October 1944 – 9 January 2011) was an artist who worked directly with radioactive materials. He attempted to create sculpture and events that probed the history of nuclear engineering and asked questions about the long-term storage of nuclear waste. For 15 years he lived in Richland, Washington, the dormitory town for the Hanford Nuclear Reservation, at one time home to nine nuclear reactors and five plutonium-processing complexes and the most contaminated nuclear site in the United States. His major ambition while there was to build a "nuclear Stonehenge" on a heavily contaminated area of land in the site, incorporating twelve uranium breeder-blanket assemblies.
Acord was the only private individual in the world licensed to own and handle radioactive materials, and acquired nuclear fuel rods containing depleted uranium from the completed but not operated German SNR-300 breeder reactor to use as artistic materials. He had his nuclear license number tattooed onto his neck. He spoke on art and nuclear science at both art and nuclear industry events in the US and the UK and organised many forums that brought together artists, activists and nuclear industry experts.
He was profiled by Philip Schuyler for The New Yorker in 1991, and was the inspiration for the character of Reever in The Book of Ash by James Flint. The extensive audio interviews Flint did with Acord in Alaska in 1998 as part of his research for the novel have now been archived and catalogued by the British Library.
From 1998 to 1999 he was Artist in Residence at Imperial College London, a residency set up by arts commissioning organisation The Arts Catalyst, and funded by Arts Council England and the Calouste Gulbenkian Foundation.
He committed suicide in Seattle on January 9, 2011 at the age of 66.
His sculpture, Monstrance for a Grey Horse, is installed on the Southwestern University campus in Georgetown, Texas.
# Jane Larson

Jane Larson (1958–2011) was the Voss-Bascom Professor of Law at the University of Wisconsin Law School.

## Education and career

Born in Omaha, Nebraska, Larson was a Phi Beta Kappa, magna cum laude graduate of Macalester College and a magna cum laude graduate of the University of Minnesota Law School, where she was a member of the Order of the Coif and Articles Editor of the Journal of Law and Inequality.
Larson served as law clerk to two U.S. Judges. From 1985–1986 Larson clerked for Minnesota Supreme Court Justice Rosalie E. Wahl. During the 1986–1987 court term she clerked for Judge Theodore McMillian of the U.S. Court of Appeals, Eighth Circuit.
In 1987, Larson began working as an associate for the Washington D.C. branch of the law firm Powell, Goldstein, Frazer & Murphy. In 1990 she joined the faculty of Northwestern University Law School, where she twice won the Robert Childs award for excellence in teaching. Larson joined the faculty of the University of Wisconsin Law School in 1996 where she remained for the rest of her life. She was active in the Association of American Law Schools.

## Scholarship and philosophy

During her time on faculty at Northwestern, Larson developed her theory of "sexual fraud" – "intentional lies made for the express purpose of gaining sexual consent that would otherwise have been withheld," in Larson's words – as a tort for which people could sue if they suffered damages such as sexually transmitted diseases.
Larson's 1993 Columbia Law Review article, "'Women Understand So Little, They Call My Good Nature "Deceit"': A Feminist Rethinking of Seduction" was widely acclaimed within the fields of legal theory and feminist thought.
In 1999, Oxford University Press published her book Hard Bargains: The Politics of Sex, co-authored with Linda Hirshman. The book offered a critical analysis of the power dynamics involved in heterosexual sex, a theme echoed in Larson's scholarly work on the legal histories of prostitution, rape and sexual harassment.
Other notable areas of scholarship included her participation in amicus briefs for Webster v. Reproductive Health Services and Planned Parenthood v. Casey, supporting reproductive rights and her analysis of the legal rights of residents of the colonia settlements on the U.S. Mexico border.

## Death and influence

Larson died at her home in Madison, Wisconsin on December 24, 2011.
Professor Larson taught law in an unorthodox way, stressing the social, cultural, historical, and philosophical dimensions of legal outcomes She influenced her students to rethink concepts such as property, free speech, and gender, and had an international following.
# Maiden's Green

Maiden's Green or Maidens Green is a small village in Berkshire, England, in the civil parish of Winkfield.

## Geography

The settlement lies near to the A330 road, and is approximately 2.5 miles (4.0 km) north-east of Bracknell. Maiden's Green has a site of Special Scientific Interest (SSSI) just to the north of the village, called Chawridge Bourne, which includes a nature reserve called Chawridge Bank.

## Notable buildings

Just north of the village, on the Drift Road, stands New Lodge, built in 1857 for Sylvain Van de Weyer, the Belgian ambassador to the United Kingdom.
# Tenth Circuit Act of 1863

The Tenth Circuit Act of 1863 (12 Stat. 794) was a federal statute which increased the size of the Supreme Court of the United States from nine justices to ten, and which also reorganized the circuit courts of the federal judiciary. The newly created Tenth Circuit consisted of California and Oregon, and addressed the judicial needs of the newly created western states. The Act became effective on March 3, 1863, during the Lincoln administration.
   Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, That the supreme court of the United States shall hereafter consist of a chief justice and nine associate justices, any six of whom shall constitute a quorum; and for this purpose there shall be appointed one additional associate justice of said court, with the like powers, and to take the same oaths, perform the same duties, and be entitled to the same salary, as the other associate justices.

## History

The period of the American Civil War and the immediate aftermath of Reconstruction saw shakeups in the Court and in legislation concerning its size. This culminated in the Judiciary Act of 1869, the last piece of legislation which altered the size of the Supreme Court. Pursuant to the Tenth Circuit 1863 Act, Stephen Johnson Field was installed in the newly created Associate Justice seat. Shortly thereafter, Salmon P. Chase replaced Roger B. Taney as Chief Justice of the United States, and in 1865 Associate Justice John Catron died; Catron's vacancy would never be refilled as a consequence of the Judicial Circuits Act of 1866. Later Supreme Court vacancies in the coming years would be addressed by the 1869 Act, which permanently fixed the size of the Supreme Court at nine.
The Court's full-strength size of ten was therefore a very brief historical aberration, straddling the end of the Taney Court (its final composition) and the beginning of the Chase Court (its first composition). This "court of ten" thus experienced the following changes. First, Field was appointed to its tenth seat, creating its first composition. Next, Taney died and was replaced with Chase, creating its second composition. Finally, Catron's death and his seat's subsequent abolition ended the "court of ten".
# Cameron McIntyre

Cameron McIntyre (born 3 June 1981) is a rugby union player who played for Canterbury in the Air New Zealand Cup and for the Crusaders in Super Rugby. His time spent at Canterbury and the Crusaders saw him keep Andrew Mehrtens on the bench with Dan Carter playing inside centre. His club rugby team is Marist/Albion in the Christchurch premier competition to which he captained them to a club championship. In 2006 he was part of the Junior All Black team that won the Pacific Cup and was named player of the tournament.
After the New Zealand 2006 season finished he moved offshore to France where he played 125 Top 14 games for Castres in the French Top 14. He then moved to Japan and played for Toyota and NEC in the Japanese Top League His position is fly-half and inside centre and was a prodigious goal kicker.
He is the great nephew of former All Blacks Bob Stuart & Kevin Stuart.
He has been playing at fullback and 10 for Canterbury in the ITM Cup in 2015.
One of the more unluckier players of his time not to be capped for the All Blacks.
He is now a top-level Player Agent for Esportif, now acquired by Wasserman Rugby and looks after many of NZ Rugby's top talents and most promising Players.
# J. Leonard Reinsch

James Leonard Reinsch (June 28, 1908 – May 9, 1991) was a broadcasting executive. He was president and CEO of Cox Communications. Behind the scenes, he gave advice to four Presidents. He assisted the White House Press Secretary office in 1945, during the transition from President Franklin D. Roosevelt to President Harry Truman and advised Winston Churchill on his 1946 "Iron Curtain" speech.

## Career

Reinsch was born in Streator, Illinois in 1908. He majored in Advertising at Northwestern University, where he won the D.F. Keller prize for this thesis. He took over the development of what was then WHIO for James M. Cox. Reinsch was sent to Atlanta, in 1939, when Cox purchased the Atlanta Journal and Georgian and the radio stations. He was put in charge of WSB radio. In 1942 he was put in charge of the three radio stations; WIOD Miami, WSB Atlanta, WHIG in Dayton. Reinsch was called on by Cox to assist in communications at the White House during the transition from the Roosevelt to Truman administrations in 1946.
In the 1960 presidential campaign, he suggested that the two opponents stand for the hour-long debate, knowing that Richard Nixon had injured a knee when he struck it on a car door. To Mr. Reinsch's surprise, Nixon agreed. He also served as a key advisor to Presidents Franklin Roosevelt and Harry Truman.
Reinsch narrowly avoided being the first owner of an Atlanta football team. In the summer of 1965, he reached a tenantive deal to purchase the Denver Broncos from the Phipps family and move them to Atlanta. However, in the time between the deal (where he left for New Zealand right after due to having to travel for his wife's surgery) and June 30, 1965, the National Football League (as led by Pete Rozelle) announced that Rankin Smith, among a few others, would be part of an expansion team in Atlanta that would begin play in 1966.
In 1973, Reinsch retired from Cox Broadcasting. In March of that same year, Reinsch was presented the coveted Gold Medal award from the International Radio and Television Society. He was a member of the Peabody Awards Board of Jurors from 1979 to 1985.
Reinsch died on May 9, 1991 of heart failure at Johns Hopkins Hospital in Baltimore.[. In September 2003, the Library of American Broadcasting named Reinsch as one of the "First Fifty Giants of Broadcasting".