OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Wizard (1984 video game)

Wizard is a video game developed for the Commodore 64 written by Sean A. Moore and Steve Luedders-Dieckbrader for Progressive Peripherals and Software (PP&S) out of Denver, Colorado in 1984.

## Gameplay

Each level contains keys, and the object is for Wilfrid the Wizard to get each key to move on to the next location. Each level requires a different spell to find the key, and every key found gives Wilfrid a finite number of times he can cast the spell. Some spells cast projectiles, which can either kill or freeze enemies, while some teleport Wilfrid around, either by turning him to a non-corporeal "shadow" or by instantly moving him to his starting point.
The player character, Wilfrid, is a wizard in purple robes, and his enemies include witches, knights, giant insects, and other various monsters.

## Development

Wizard was created contemporaneously with the Epyx release Jumpman. Steve Luedders stated that it was a coincidence, and that he felt Wizard could have been more successful if Jumpman had not been released first (company size and marketing resources being a significant factor).

## Ultimate Wizard

Craig Smith and Aaron Hightower teamed up to make an improved construction set in their homes in North Richland Hills, Texas. They communicated with Sean and Steve to understand the memory layout for the levels and then set out to create an advanced construction set better than the one included with the original game. Among other things, their construction set included the ability to create "treasure matrices" that allowed the user to create special effects similar to the ones seen in the main levels. The original set had remnants in its code alluding to features that had been disabled, likely due to their instability or lack of documentation.
PP&S took the code from Craig and Aaron and released it commercially in a package called the Wizard Expansion Set. This add-on pack also included 50 new levels from a competition held by the company specifically for the expansion; none of the new levels had any advanced features because of the limitations of the original construction set.
Electronic Arts, including Paul Reiche III, used the Construction set created by Aaron and Craig to create a new set of levels. The Construction Set was also included by EA, as were a combination of levels from the original game and from the expansion pack, albeit in a different order from the original PP&S releases. The Ultimate Wizard version also featured some changes to existing levels to increase their difficulty, as well as different sprites for some of the game's monsters.

## Reception

Compute!'s Gazette approved of the "instant playability" of the Commodore 64 version of Ultimate Wizard, reporting that it "has become a favorite of the neighborhood youngsters".
# Quassiremus

Quassiremus is a genus of eels in the snake eel family Ophichthidae. It currently contains the following species:
* Quassiremus ascensionis (Studer, 1889) (Black-spotted snake eel)
* Quassiremus evionthas (D. S. Jordan & Bollman, 1890) (Galapagos snake eel)
* Quassiremus nothochir (C. H. Gilbert, 1890) (Smallfish snake eel)
* Quassiremus polyclitellum Castle, 1996
# 1946 Sagaing earthquakes

The 1946 Sagaing earthquakes (also known as the Wuntho earthquakes) struck central Burma at 15:17 local time on 12 September. The first earthquake measured a magnitude of 7.3 M$_w$  and was followed by a 7.7 M$_w$  earthquake. Both events remain some of the largest in the country since the 1762 Arakan earthquake.

## Tectonic setting

Both the mainshock and aftershock occurred along the Sagaing Fault; a continental transform fault boundary that links the Andaman Spreading Center to the south and the Main Himalayan Thrust to the north. It defines the boundary between the Burma plate and Sunda plate. The Sagaing Fault is the most active geological structure in the country and poses significant risks to major cities such as Yangon, Mandalay, and Naypyidaw. Another major tectonic feature in Myanmar is the Sunda Megathrust that runs off the coast of Western Myanmar and the Kabaw Fault that traces the foothills of the Arakan Mountains and Indo-Burman Range.

## Earthquakes

The M$_w$  7.3 earthquake ruptured along the Sagaing Fault. It had a rupture length of approximately 80 kilometres (50 mi), and possibly as long as 155 kilometres (96 mi) along the Indaw segment. A second shock of magnitude M$_w$  7.7 came three minutes later and ruptured south of the first event for a length of 185 kilometres (115 mi). The latter earthquake ruptured along the Sagaing segment, through the villages of Tagaung and Thabeikkyin.
From observing the historical records of earthquakes, the years 1906 and 1908 saw two major events in the northernmost end of the Sagaing Fault. The 1906 Putao earthquake on August 31 had an estimated moment magnitude M$_w$  of 7.0, and the 1908 earthquake measured M$_w$  7.5. Coulomb stress transfer to the south from the 1906 quake triggered rupture of the fault in the stressed area in 1908.
The 1908 earthquake resulted in the accumulation of stress towards the south, where the future 1931 M$_s$  7.7 earthquake would take place. Similarly, the 1946 earthquake rupture segments were directly south of the 1931 rupture. The first mainshock in the 1946 doublet sequence then triggered the second mainshock due to the sudden increase in stress levels on the fault.
Ten years later, an M$_w$  7.1 earthquake near Mandalay killed at least 40 people. That earthquake broke a 60-kilometre (37 mi) segment south of the 1946 rupture. In 1991, a seismic gap between the two 1946 ruptures generated an M$_w$  7.0 earthquake, partially re-rupturing a 49-kilometre (30 mi) section of the 1946 ruptures. Another M$_w$  6.8 earthquake in 2012 partially ruptured the Sagaing segment.
# Eduardo Menichetti

Eduardo Menichetti Pilas (1950/51 – 8 July 2007) was a Chilean businessman from Santiago, best known as the president of the football club Colo-Colo from 1990 to 1995. During his five-year tenure, the club won three Campeonato Nacional titles and three international titles.
Menichetti died from colorectal cancer on 8 July 2007 at the age of 56. He was survived by his two children.
# Belco Party

The Belco Party is a political party registered for the 2020 Australian Capital Territory election. It was formally registered on 16 June 2020. It fielded five candidates in the Ginninderra electorate. It was founded by former Liberal Party Leader of the Opposition Bill Stefaniak.
# Winnica, Płock County

Winnica is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Brudzeń Duży, within Płock County, Masovian Voivodeship, in east-central Poland. It lies approximately 3 kilometres (2 mi) north of Brudzeń Duży, 20 km (12 mi) north-west of Płock, and 114 km (71 mi) north-west of Warsaw.
# Nathaniel O'Brien

Nathaniel O'Brien (born March 3, 1983) is a Canadian competition swimmer who specialized in backstroke and butterfly events. He is a two-time national championship titleholder, and also, a member of the Pacific Coast Swimming Club in Victoria, British Columbia, under head coach and former Olympic swimmer Ron Jacks. O'Brien is the son of former swimmer Lisa Geary, who competed for the host nation Canada, and placed tenth in the women's 800-metre freestyle at the 1976 Summer Olympics in Montreal.
Representing his adopted nation Canada, O'Brien qualified for the men's 200-metre backstroke at the 2004 Summer Olympics in Athens, by attaining an A-standard time of 1:59.17 and beating national record holder Keith Beavers from the Olympic trials. O'Brien advanced to the semifinals from the morning's preliminary heats, with a qualified entry time of 2:00.49; however, he fell short in his bid for the final, as he emulated his mother's luck in tenth place, finishing the first semi-final at 2:00.13. In the men's 200-metre butterfly, O'Brien won the second heat by less than sixteen hundredths of a second (0.84) ahead of South Korea's Jeong Doo-Hee, with a time of 2:00.12. O'Brien, however, failed to advance into the semi-finals, as he placed twenty-third out of thirty-nine swimmers in the overall rankings.
O'Brien was also a member of the Texas Longhorns swimming and diving team, and is a graduate of politics and governance at the University of Texas in Austin, Texas.
He began swimming as a freshman at Eastlake High School and did not begin year round competitive swimming until his sophomore year of high school with Bellevue Club Swim Team.
He was former head coach in the Bellevue, Washington area for Bellevue Club Swim Team (BCST) and is currently a Senior Team coach at Olympic Cascade Aquatics (OCA) based on Mercer Island, Washington.
# Mutsuo

Mutsuo (written: 六夫, 睦郎 or 睦夫) is a masculine Japanese given name. Notable people with the name include:
* Mutsuo Minagawa (皆川 睦夫) (1935–2005), Japanese baseball pitcher
* Mutsuo Sugiura (杉浦 睦夫) (1918–1986), Japanese engineer
* Mutsuo Tahara (田原 睦夫) (born 1943), Japanese judge
* Mutsuo Taniguchi (谷口 睦生) (1913–1943), Japanese sprinter
* Mutsuo Takahashi (高橋 睦郎) (born 1937), Japanese poet and writer
* Mutsuo Toi (都井 睦雄) (1917-1938), perpetrator of the Tsuyama massacre
* Wakashimazu Mutsuo (若嶋津 六夫) (born 1957), Japanese sumo wrestler
# L&T Technology Services

L&T Technology Services (LTTS) is an Indian multinational technology company that provides engineering research and development (ER&D) services, headquartered in Vadodara. The company's business interests include automotive engineering, embedded system and semiconductor engineering, industrial internet of things, manufacturing plant engineering, and medical engineering.
LTTS is a subsidiary of the conglomerate Larsen & Toubro (L&T), and listed on both NSE and BSE. The company has offices across India, United States, Europe, and Asia.

## History

L&T Technology Services (LTTS) was founded in 2006 as L&T Integrated Engineering Services. In its first year, the company generated $70 million in revenue. Initially, it only operated as the engineering arm of Larsen & Toubro and in 2013, as a result of L&T's strategy, the parent company was split into "nine verticals and six subsidiaries", of which this was one. It began to expand its engineering services as a developer of corporate software under a new brand name L&T Technology Services (LTTS).
In September 2016, LTTS had its initial public offering in the National Stock Exchange, making it the second L&T subsidiary to go public. A. M. Naik, the current group chairman of the parent company, remained chairman of the subsidiary until his retirement in October 2017. Keshab Panda was named as the CEO and managing director and S.N.Subrahmanyan as vice chairman of the company.
In 2016, LTTS developed a set of personal safety gear that is based on cloud-enabled technologies. The system includes a set of "helmets, gloves, jackets and shoes that have sensors capturing [the wearers] performance, and sending it to a centralized database on the cloud."
In March 2017, it opened a center of excellence in Munich, Germany. In June 2017, LTTS completed the acquisition of the Esencia, a San Jose, California-based engineering firm involved in development of "wireless connectivity solutions, perceptual computing, Internet of Things and advanced silicon products" for $27 million. In July, the company was upgraded to Group A of the Bombay Stock Exchange.
In May 2022, the company opened an engineering, research and development (ER&D) centre in Krakow, Poland. In June 2022, LTTS set up an engineering design centre in Toulouse, France.
In January 2023, LTTS announced that it would acquire parent L&T's "Smart World & Communication" business segment, which has interests in communication networks, cybersecurity and smart spaces, for ₹800 crore.
In April 2024, L&T Technology Services partnered with Forvia Forge at €45 million deal.
In November 2024, L&T Technology Services announced the acquisition of Intelliswift for $110 million.
# Betty Hocking

Betty Ann Hocking (13 March 1928 - 17 December 2017) was an Australian politician. She was a Family Team member of the Australian Capital Territory House of Assembly for Canberra from 1982 to 1986.
Hocking was adopted as a baby and raised in country South Australia in what the Australian Women's Register describes as a "dysfunctional home", where she "experienced difficult and stressful formative years". She was educated at Laura Primary School, Gladstone High School, and Miss Mann's Business College. She moved to Canberra in 1944, and was a stenographer in the public service until 1946. She lectured at the Canberra Technical College, and managed Canberra's first secretarial agency from 1957 to 1967, originally running it out of her home. In 1981, she opened a Christian bookshop and drop-in centre.
She was heavily involved in conservative politics in the Australian Capital Territory, serving as the ACT co-ordinator of anti-feminist group Women Who Want To Be Women, president of the Canberra branch of the Australian Family Association, and being involved with the National Alliance for Christian Leadership. In 1982, she was elected to the House of Assembly as the second representative of the conservative Family Team minor party, joining Bev Cains who had been elected in 1979. A vehement opponent of the Sex Discrimination Act 1984, she was quoted as stating "Is there no-one who can see that the women who hate men are castrating them with their sex discrimination Bills and making them eunuchs in their own kingdoms?" and "Delilah cut off Samson's hair and made him her slave. The Sex Discrimination Bill cuts off far more than that." She was also a strong supporter of Lindy Chamberlain, founding the National Freedom Council as a co-ordinating body for her defence, and setting up a Plea for Justice committee in the ACT.
The ACT House of Assembly was abolished in 1986 in preparation for electoral reforms that would eventually result in self-government and the creation of the current ACT Legislative Assembly. She did not contest the 1989 election for the new Legislative Assembly, and subsequently moved to Queensland.
Hocking died in Canberra in 2017, aged 89.
# Cherna (Arda)

The Cherna (Bulgarian: Черна) is a 48 km long river in southern Bulgaria, a left tributary of the Arda of the Maritsa drainage.
The source of the river is the westernmost point of the whole Arda basin and springs in the Pereliksko–Prespanski Ridge of the western Rhodope Mountains at an altitude of 1,770 m, some 5 km southeast west of the village of Mugla. Throughout its course it flows eastwards in a narrow canyon-like valley, with a single wide section at the town of Smolyan. It flows into the Arda at an altitude of 128 m about 800 m south of the village of Leshtak. It drains the southeastern slopes of the highest section of the Pereliksko–Prespanski Ridge and the northern slopes of the Kaynadinski Ridge.
Its drainage basin covers a territory of 259 km$^2$, or 4.47% of the Arda's total. The river has predominantly rain–snow feed with high water in April–May and low water in December–January and August–September. The average annual flow at the village of Taran is 4.86 m$^3$/s.
The Cherna flows entirely in Smolyan Province. There are seven settlements along its course, one town and six villages — the town of Smolyan and the villages of Vlahovo, Laka, Podvis, Rovina and Taran in Smolyan Municipality, and the village of Ravnishta in Madan Municipality. The river provides potable water for Smolyan.
There are two main roads along its valley, a 16.8 km section of the second class II-86 road Plovdiv–Smolyan–Rudozem and a 9 km stretch of the third class III-866 road Smolyan–Devin–Stamboliyski.

## Citations

* 1 2 3 4 5 6 Geographic Dictionary of Bulgaria 1980, p. 535
* ↑ "A Map of the Republican Road Network of Bulgaria". Official Site of the Road Infrastructure Agency. Retrieved 3 May 2024.
# Wir-Kolonia

Wir-Kolonia is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Potworów, within Przysucha County, Masovian Voivodeship, in east-central Poland. It lies approximately 15 kilometres (9 mi) north-east of Przysucha and 86 km (53 mi) south of Warsaw.
# Mitsumine Castle

Mitsumine Castle (三峰城, Mitsumine-jō) was a castle in present-day Sabae, Fukui Prefecture, Japan.

## History

It was constructed during the Nanboku-chō period of the 14th century (part of the early Muromachi period). In 1337, following the war between the Southern and Northern courts, Mitsumine Castle was built as a strong strategic point atop Mt. Mitsumine (from which it received its name).
It was governed over by Wakiya Yoshisuke, under the orders of Nitta Yoshisada, the high ranking general of the Southern Court. However, in 1340 Miyama Shigeyuki of the Northern Court laid siege to the castle. This siege ended with the death of Miyama and destruction of the castle.
# Charles James Brenham

Charles James Brenham (November 6, 1817 – May 10, 1876) was an American politician, banker, and steamboat captain. He served as the 2nd mayor of San Francisco in 1851, and again as the 4th mayor of San Francisco from 1852 until 1853.

## Early life

Charles James Brenham was born in Frankfort, Kentucky. At an early age, he left home to work on riverboats on the Mississippi. By age twenty, he ran his own steamship. He learned the hard lessons of self-reliance and endurance after seeing other ships sink and burn.

## Career

In 1849, he moved to California, where he ferried passengers between San Francisco and Sacramento. Not long thereafter, he was asked by the Whig party to run for mayor of San Francisco. He refused at first, but later acquiesced on the condition that he not leave his ship to campaign and that if he won, his duties as mayor did not interfere with his ferry business.
He lost to John W. Geary in the 1850 election but ran again in 1851 at the Whigs' insistence. He won the 1851 election and became mayor on May 5 of that year.
During Geary's term the city went into massive debt and violent crime became an epidemic in the city. While a new city charter allowed the city to issue bonds to pay off the debt, the crime rate skyrocketed to such a point that the citizens began forming squads called Committees of Vigilance.
Brenham's response to the vigilance committees was to provide police protection to accused criminals to prevent lynchings. (He may have taken other measures—it is said that Brenham stood in front of a vigilante mob with his watch and gave the crowd ten minutes to disperse or face arrest, resulting in a relatively peaceful night in the city.)
The adoption of another city charter pushed forward the date of the next mayoral election and Stephen Randall Harris was voted into office unanimously as the only official candidate. Brenham contested the election and refused to allow Harris to sit in the mayor's office until the California Supreme Court declare the election valid on December 27, 1851.
Brenham was reelected as mayor in September 1852. While crime continued to be an issue, immigration had led to higher food prices and water shortages. Brenham signed a city ordinance that allowed water to pumped in from a nearby lake. Brenham also cut city spending dramatically and resisted (along with four San Francisco assemblymen) attempts by the state to fill in sections of the San Francisco Bay and selling the filled in sections as lots to pay off a huge state deficit.
After the end of his second term, he went into banking. However, he was soon unemployed after his banking house, Sanders & Brenham at 129 Montgomery St., failed. After a succession of odd jobs, he ultimately became an agent for a steamship company, the North Pacific Transportation Company, San Francisco.
He died on May 10, 1876, of apoplexy in San Francisco, aged 58.
# C5H10O4

The molecular formula C$_5$H$_{10}$O$_4$ (molar mass: 134.13 g/mol, exact mass: 134.0579 u) may refer to:
* Deoxyribose, or 2-deoxyribose
* (R)-2,3-Dihydroxyisovalerate
* Monoacetylglycerol
* 1,4-Anhydroxylitol, or xylitan
# Sale of Horses Act 1588

The Sale of Horses Act 1588 (31 Eliz. 1. c. 12) was an Act of the Parliament of England.
The whole Act was repealed by section 10(2) of, and Part I of Schedule 3 to, the Criminal Law Act 1967.
# Harald T. Friis

Harald Trap Friis (22 February 1893 – 15 June 1976), who published as H. T. Friis, was a Danish-American radio engineer whose work at Bell Laboratories included pioneering contributions to radio propagation, radio astronomy, and radar. His two Friis formulas remain widely used.

## Background

Friis was born in Næstved, Denmark. In 1916 received his electrical engineering degree from the Technical University of Denmark. After a stint at the Royal Gun Factory, in 1919 he received a Columbia University fellowship to study radio engineering under John H. Morecroft. In 1920 Friis joined a Western Electric Company research group which in 1925 became part of Bell Laboratories. There he remained for his entire professional career.

## Career

Friis' first important publications were his 1923 Institute of Radio Engineers (IRE) paper on radio transmission measurements, 1925 IRE paper on directional antennas, and 1928 IRE paper on oscillographic observations of propagation phenomena. These papers documented studies of field strength and noise over a wide range of frequencies and stressed the importance of the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) in receivers rather than simple field strength.
During the early 1930s Friis helped design the radio receiver used by Karl Jansky for radio astronomy, and with Edmond Bruce invented the rhombic antenna widely used for shortwave communications. In 1938 Friis became the director of the Holmdel Radio Laboratory developing microwave systems, where he and Alfred C. Beck designed the horn reflector antenna, which was widely used in AT&T's national microwave relay network in the 1960s. During World War II, Friis invented a "rocking horse" mechanical scanner for radar used to locate enemy mortars. He also authorized research into the first germanium diodes (Teal, 1942).
In 1946 Friis published his well-known analytic formula for transmission loss, the Friis transmission equation, which is still widely employed. In 1958 he retired but continued as a research consultant to the Hewlett-Packard Company as a friend of David Packard. He held 31 U.S. patents.
Friis died on 15 June 1976, at age 83, of a stroke in Palo Alto, California.

## Awards

Friis received the IRE Morris N. Liebmann Award in 1939, the IRE Medal of Honor (now the IEEE Medal of Honor) in 1955, the Valdemar Poulsen Gold Medal of the Danish Academy of Technical Sciences [da] in 1956, the Stuart Ballantine Medal from the Franklin Institute in 1958 and the Mervin Kelly Award of the IEEE in 1964.

## Selected works

* Seventy Five Years in an Exciting World, (1971)
* Antennas: Theory and Practice, (1952) – with Sergei A. Schelkunoff
* Proceedings of the IRE, vol. 34, p. 254, (1946) – Friis transmission equation
* A New Directional Receiving System, (1925)
* High Frequency Amplifiers, (1924)

## Work papers

The papers of Harald Trap Friis span the years 1921-1976. These documents are available to the public and are maintained at the Manuscript Division, Library of Congress, Washington, D.C.