OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Battle of Mersivan

The Battle of Mersivan was fought between the European Crusaders and the Seljuk Turks led by Kilij Arslan I in Northern Anatolia during the Crusade of 1101. The Turks decisively defeated the Crusaders, who lost an estimated four-fifths of their army near the mountains of Paphlagonia at Mersivan (Mersifon).
The Crusaders were organised into five divisions: the Burgundians, Raymond IV, Count of Toulouse and the Byzantines, the Germans, the French, and the Lombards. The land was well suited to the Turks, but dry and inhospitable for their enemy, it was open, with plenty of space for their cavalry units. The Turks had been troublesome to the Latins for some days, ensuring that they went where Kilij Arslan I wanted them to be and making sure that they only found a small amount of supplies.
The battle took place over several days. On the first day, the Turks cut off the crusading armies’ advances and surrounded them. The next day, Conrad led his Germans in a raid that failed miserably. Not only did they fail to open the Turkish lines, they were unable to return to the main crusader army and had to take refuge in a nearby stronghold. This meant that they were cut off from supplies, aid, and communication for an attack that could have taken place had the Germans been able to provide their own military strength.
The third day was somewhat quiet, with little or no serious fighting taking place, but on the fourth day, the crusaders made an intensive effort to free themselves from the trap that they were in. The crusaders inflicted heavy losses on the Turks, but the attack was a failure by the end of the day. Kilij Arslan was joined by Ridwan of Aleppo and other powerful Danishmend princes.
The Lombards, in the vanguard, were defeated, the Pechenegs deserted, and the French and Germans were also forced to fall back. Raymond was trapped on a rock and was rescued by Stephen and Conrad, constable of Henry IV, Holy Roman Emperor. The battle continued into the next day, when the crusader camp was captured and the knights fled, leaving women, children, and priests behind to be killed or enslaved. Most of the Lombards, who had no horses, were soon found and killed or enslaved by the Turks. Raymond, Stephen, Count of Blois, and Stephen I, Count of Burgundy fled north to Sinope, and returned to Constantinople by ship.
# HMS Cachalot (S06)

HMS Cachalot (S06) was a Porpoise-class submarine. Her keel was laid down on 1 August 1955 by Scotts Shipbuilding and Engineering Company at Greenock. She was launched on 11 December 1957, and commissioned on 1 September 1959.

## Design

The Porpoise class was the first class of operational submarines built for the Royal Navy after the end of the Second World War, and were designed to take advantage of experience gained by studying German Type XXI U-boats and British wartime experiments with the submarine Seraph, which was modified by streamlining and fitting a bigger battery.
The Porpoise-class submarines were 290 feet 3 inches (88.47 m) long overall and 241 feet 0 inches (73.46 m) between perpendiculars, with a beam of 26 feet 6 inches (8.08 m) and a draught of 18 feet 3 inches (5.56 m). Displacement was 1,565 long tons (1,590 t) standard and 1,975 long tons (2,007 t) full load surfaced and 2,303 long tons (2,340 t) submerged. Propulsion machinery consisted of two Admiralty Standard Range diesel generators rated at a total of 3,680 brake horsepower (2,740 kW), which could charge the submarine's batteries or directly drive the electric motors. These were rated at 6,000 shaft horsepower (4,500 kW), and drove two shafts, giving a speed of 12 knots (14 mph; 22 km/h) on the surface and 16 knots (18 mph; 30 km/h) submerged. Eight 21-inch (533 mm) torpedo tubes were fitted; six in the bow, and two in the stern. Up to 30 torpedoes could be carried, with the initial outfit consisting of the unguided Mark 8 and the homing Mark 20 torpedoes.

## Service

Cachalot attended the 1977 Silver Jubilee Fleet Review off Spithead when she was part of the Submarine Flotilla.
She was sold on 12 November 1979 for breaking up at Blyth.
# Adriana Valdés

Adriana Valdés Budge (born October 3, 1943 in Santiago, Chile) is a Chilean writer essayist.

## Biography

Valdés studied at the Catholic University of Chile. She taught literature at that University (1965–1975) and, after 25 years working for the United Nations, went back to postgraduate teaching on arts at the University of Chile for some years after 2002.
She writes on visual arts and literature. Two collections of her essays were published in book form, in 1996 and 2006. With Pedro Lastra she co-edited the posthumous book of Enrique Lihn, "Diario de muerte", in 1989. She was named a Fellow of the Chilean Academy of Language in 1993. In 2010 she became the first woman to serve as deputy director of the Academy. She was reelected to this position in 2013.
She received the 2010 Altazor Award in literary essay category for her book Enrique Lihn: vistas parciales, and in 2013 was short-listed for the same award for her book on "De ángeles y ninfas", on Aby Warburg and Walter Benjamin. Along with Alfredo Jaar, she published Studies on Happiness, Barcelona, 1999. She has edited a book on the painter Roser Bru (1996) and two books about the artist Alfredo Jaar: Jaar/SCL/2006 and Venezia, Venezia (2013).
In 2018 she received the Santiago Municipal Literature Award in the Essay category for Redefinir lo humano: las humanidades en el siglo XXI.

## Books

* Composición de lugar. Escritos sobre cultura. Santiago: Editorial Universitaria, 1996.
* Memorias visuales. Arte contemporáneo en Chile. Santiago: Metales Pesados, 2006.
* Enrique Lihn: vistas parciales. Santiago: Palinodia, 2008.
* Señoras del buen morir (poetry). Santiago: Orjikh, 2011.
* De ángeles y ninfas. Conjeturas sobre la imagen en Warburg y Benjamin. Santiago: Orjikh, 2012.
# Gran Valira

The Gran Valira (Catalan pronunciation:) is the largest river in Andorra. It flows through the capital, Andorra la Vella, and exits the country in the south near the Spain–Andorra road border crossing.
The Gran Valira is a tributary to the Segre, which in turn is a tributary to the Ebro. It flows into the Segre in La Seu d'Urgell. Its main tributaries are the Valira d'Orient, the Valira del Nord and the Madriu. The Valira river system is 35 kilometres (22 mi) long.
The map service of the Andorran government calls it the Gran Valira. In certain sources, especially those with a Spanish influence such as maps published in Spain, it is sometimes referred to as the Valira because in the territory of Spain there is only one Valira river. In Andorra, however, there are several different Valiras and hence there is a need to distinguish between them.
# Marta Repullo i Grau

Marta Repullo i Grau (born 1976) is an Andorran writer, working in the Catalan language.
Born in Barcelona, Repullo soon moved to La Seu d'Urgell. She received her degree from the Autonomous University of Barcelona.
A journalist by profession, during her career, she has worked with various media organizations throughout the Pyrenees; among these are Ràdio Seu, Ona Andorra, and El Periòdic d'Andorra. She has also developed her career in the arena of international cultural management and cooperation. Her writing career began early; at the age of fourteen she won second prize for her writing in a contest sponsored by the Generalitat de Catalunya. In 2001, she released Carícies de la lletra, a volume of poetry. Her work in shorter forms has won a number of prizes.

## Awards

Among her awards are the Premi de narrativa curta del Consell Comarcal de l'Alt Urgell, which she received in 2000, and the Premi Recull del Concurs de Poesia de la Biblioteca Pública del Govern d'Andorra, which she won in 2001.
# Marife Ganahon

Marife Ravidas Ganahon (born 1967) is a Filipino mat weaver known for the Higa-onon Manobo mat weaving art of ikam.

## Background

Ganahon, a Higa-onon Manobo woman from Malaybalay, Bukidnon. She was however born in 1967 in Valencia, a town in the same province.
She is known for promoting and preserving the art of ikam, a mat weaving technique of the Higa-onons. Ikam are created from sodsod, a kind of sedge.
Ganahon learned the art of ikam from her mother and grandmother at age 10 after being inspired from the works of her aunt.
The National Commission for Culture and the Arts conferred Ganahon the Gawad sa Manlilikha ng Bayan award in December 2023.
# Joachim Jose

Joachim Jose (born 12 January 1961 in Quierschied) is professor for pharmaceutical and medical chemistry at the University of Münster, and focuses primarily on the research of bacterial development of drugs and biocatalysts by autodisplay.

## Curriculum Vitae

Joachim Jose is a German chemist. He studied biology at Saarland University, Saarbrücken, and obtained his doctoral degree in 1994 with a thesis on the structure and reaction mechanism of bacterial ureases.
During his time as a Post-Doc in the group of Thomas F. Meyer at the Max-Planck-Institute for Biology in Tübingen, he was mainly involved in the discovery and description of a new family of secreted proteins: the autotransporters. The name ‘autotransporters’ was first time mentioned in his publication together with F. Jähnig and T.F. Meyer in Molecular Microbiology (1995, 18: 380-82).
From 1998 until 2003, he was Assistant Professor (C1) in the group of Rolf W. Hartmann, Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry at Saarland University and obtained his habilitation with a thesis on the evolutive design of drugs and biocatalysts by bacterial surface display.
In 2004, Joachim Jose accepted an offer of the Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf for a Professorship (C3) in Bioanalytics at the Institute for Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, where he was appointed Head of the Institute in 2008. Since March 2011, he is a Full professor (W3) and Chair for Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry at the University of Münster. From 2020 to 2022, he was Dean of FB 12 - Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy at the University of Münster. Joachim Jose is co-founder of two start-up companies in the field of 'drug screening and selection' (Pharmacelsus, founded in 2000) and 'biocatalytic synthesis and evolutive drug design' (Autodisplay Biotech, 2008).
His research is mainly focused on the application of "autodisplay", a technology platform that has been developed in his group and which is based on the autotransporter secretion mechanism. Current applications include the expression of human target enzymes for inhibitor testing, evolutive drug design by library expression and HT screening, biocatalytic synthesis of drugs and building blocks, as well as biosensor development by membrane technologies. Joachim Jose is married and has one son.

## Scientific Awards

* 1998 Innovation Award in Medicinal Chemistry by GDCh and DPhG
* 2004 Science Award of the SaarLB Archived 2015-11-21 at the Wayback Machine
* 2009 Corresponding Member of the French National Academy of Pharmacy
* 2013 Medal of the Faculty for Biology and Pharmacy of Claude Bernard University Lyon 1.
* 2023 "Phoenix Pharmazie Wissenschaftspreis" (award for best publication in the field of Pharmaceutical chemistry).
# Family Tradition (Senses Fail song)

"Family Tradition" is the first single and fourth song on Senses Fail's third studio album Life Is Not a Waiting Room. Family Tradition is the seventh single released from Senses Fail. It has become one of the band's most successful singles to date. It was released on iTunes on August 26, 2008. "Family Tradition" was released to radio on October 7, 2008.
This song and others off the same album is featured in Senses Fail's greatest hits album entitled "Follow Your Bliss: The Best of Senses Fail".
Lead singer Buddy Nielsen discusses the story behind the song:
   I find myself at times doing things to live up to other peoples expectations or cutting myself down because I assume that will make me look more humble to the world, so this song is one part a reaction to that and also about following the footsteps of a family member you don't really know but who has had a huge influence on you.
A music video had been filmed for the song displaying a rather scrawny young boy who does not seem to add up to his father's expectations. Constantly harassed by his older brother throughout the video, he enters a chest in his room only to come out in the form of a large gremlin-looking character. The video ends with the transformed son frightening his parents in their sleep. Scenes of the band playing the song in front of an audience in a tent are intercut with the storyline of the video.

## Track listing

* "Family Tradition" – 3:34
* "Wolves At the Door" – 3:27
* "Life Is Not a Waiting Room" – 3:19
* "Waiting Room Album Clips" – 4:20

## Personnel

* Buddy Nielsen – Vocals
* Garrett Zablocki – Lead Guitar, Vocals
* Dan Trapp – Drums, percussion
* Heath Saraceno – Guitar, Vocals
* Jason Black (from Hot Water Music) – Bass guitar
# Bërxullë

Bërxull is a village and municipal unit in Tirana County, central Albania. In the 2015 local government reform, it became a subdivision of the municipality Vorë. The population as of the 2023 census was 9,060.
# Y. S. Srinath

Y. S. Srinath (Srinath Yenangur Surender, born 13 July 1976) is a champion jockey from Bangalore who has ridden over 1250 winners, including 94 graded races. He was the first Indian Jockey to win more than 25 races outside of India and has won many important classics.

## Career

Srinath started riding at the age of 12 in amateur races, following the footsteps of his father Y.S. Surender, who was beside an amateur rider a horse owner as well. At the age of 18, he started riding as a professional and soon became one of India's most talented riders. It is Srinath's insight, strategy and approach, along with determination and passion that have made him successful.
His Personal Highlights:
* Between 2016 and 2020, Srinath won 35 group races in centres all over India (Mumbai, Pune, Calcutta, Hyderabad, Bangalore, Mysore).
* On 1 March 2020 and 3 March 2019, Srinath made a remarkable achievement by winning The Indian Invitation Cup on Adjudicate twice in a row, at different centres and with breaking track records on both occasions.
* Srinath was invited to ride at the annual International Jockeys Meet in Mauritius in November 2019, where his winner was adjudged as one of the top 5 rides of the weekend.
* Another achievement was winning The Indian Invitation Cup at three consecutive meetings at the Hyderabad Race Club (2009, 2014 and 2019), which was the first time in history that this happened.
* Of course, his Indian Derby winner on Alaindair in 2013, and winning with Autonomy (Invitation Cup) and Pronto Pronto (Bangalore Derby), winning four Hyderabad monsoon Derby’s are some of his proud achievements.
* His most fond memories are of being saddle partner of Oasis Star that was owned by Mr. Shapoor Mistry, which brought him to race in Dubai at the inaugural racing carnival at the Meydan in 2010.
* Other highlights in his early career are winning his first big race in Bangalore with Estocade in 1997 (Super Mile Cup), his first Bangalore Derby winner with Allaire in 2000. Winning his first Indian St Leger in Bombay with Warsaw Pact in 2002.), and a surprising and thrilling win on Riyasat in the Indian Oaks 2009.

## Notable races

* The Indian Turf Invitation Cup 2020 in Mysore
* The Invitation Cup in 2009, 2014 and 2019 thrice in Hyderabad
* The McDowell's Indian Derby at Royal Western India Turf Club Ltd. (RWITC) in 2014
* The Bangalore Derby in 2000 and 2011
* The McDowell Indian St Leger Grade 1 at Royal Western India Turf Club Ltd. (RWITC) in 2002, 2005, 2010 & 2017
* The Indian Oaks Grade 1 at Royal Western India Turf Club Ltd. (RWITC) in 2009
* The Deccan Derby Grade 1 at Hyderabad Race Club (HRC) in 2007, 2008, 2016 and 2017
* The Super Mile Cup Grade 1 in 1997 and 2011
* The Sprinters Cup Grade 1 in 2003, 2005, 2008 and 2009.

## International experience

| Year | Place | Details |
| 2019 | Mauritius | International Jockeys Weekend |
| 2010 | Meydan, Dubai | Racing Carnival |
| 2009 | Doha, Qatar | Arab Horse Racing |
| 2007 | Macau, China | 36 rides, 3 wins |
| 2003 | Macau, China | 30 rides, 5 wins |
| 2000 | Macau, China | 156 rides, 28 wins |
| 1996 | Manila, Philippines | The International Jockey’s meet |
# Howard D. Roelofs

Howard Dykema Roelofs (7 April 1893 – 12 August 1974) was an American philosopher.

## Career

Roelofs was born in Grand Rapids, Michigan. He was educated at Amherst College from 1911 to 1913 and at the University of Michigan where he obtained his BA in 1915 and MA in 1916. He earned his PhD in philosophy from Harvard University in 1925; his dissertation was on "The Nature and Function of Authority".
From 1927 to 1931 he was associate professor of philosophy at Stanford University. In 1932, he was appointed Obed J. Wilson Professor of Ethics and Head of the Department of Philosophy at the University of Cincinnati. He held these positions until his retirement in 1960.
He was Dean of the McMicken College of Liberal Arts from 1933 to 1936. In 1949, he received an honorary LHD degree from Ripon College. Roelefs was an Aristotelian realist which he combined with Cartesian dualism. He was an opponent of materialism and pragmatism. He is best known for his papers Theology in Theory and Practice (1951) and A Case for Dualism and Interaction (1955). He argued that an explanation of the unity of mind and body was still required but dualistic interaction was the best option to account for the evidence of experience.

## Personal life

Roelofs married Miriam Hubbard in 1917. They had four daughters and two sons. His son Howard Mark Roelofs was professor emeritus of New York University.
Roelofs was a Christian was a member of the Guild of Scholars of the Episcopal Church. He died at his home Arden Farm, in East Aurora, New York.

## Selected publications

* Theology in Theory and Practice (1951)
* A Case for Dualism and Interactionism (1955)
# Opera (Andrea Bocelli album)

Opera is the first compilation album of opera arias by Italian tenor Andrea Bocelli. The album was released only in the United Kingdom and Ireland on 3 November 2012 through Sugar Music and Decca Records. It peaked at number ten on the UK Albums Chart, becoming the singer's seventh top-ten album, and was certified gold by the British Phonographic Industry.

## Background

The album is a compilation of arias from Bocelli's previously recorded classical albums.

## Commercial performance

The album debuted at No. 10 on the UK Albums Chart, following Bocelli's performance of "Nessun dorma" on the Strictly Come Dancing results show the day before. With 14,577 copies sold, it became Bocelli's 16th Top 40 album and seventh Top 10 entry since his 1997 breakthrough, Romanza, while lifting his career sales to a 4,964,058 total in the United Kingdom.

## Certifications and sales

| Region | Certification | Certified units/sales |
| United Kingdom (BPI) | Gold | 100,000$^‡$ |
| $^‡$ Sales+streaming figures based on certification alone. |||
# Abu Dhabi Equestrian Club

Abu Dhabi Equestrian Club is an equestrian destination for competitive riders, hobbyists, and people who just want to have fun in an oasis midst the busy Capital.
The Club is located within the heart of Abu Dhabi, in Al Bateen Area. Our experienced staff will assist you at all times.

## History

The Abu Dhabi Equestrian Club (hereafter referred to as “ADEC”) was originally established in 1976 by the late President, His Highness Sheikh Zayed bin Sultan Al Nahyan. The club’s grass racetrack was laid down in 1980, and it opened for public racing in 1991. Prior to this, ADEC primarily organized private meetings for Arabian horses, often coinciding with significant occasions.
In 1994, in alignment with leadership directives, the club underwent a comprehensive modernization effort. This included the construction of a new fibreturf grass racetrack and the installation of floodlights, enabling racing events to be held after sunset. Additionally, various facilities were introduced, such as air-conditioned stable blocks and equine swimming pools. A state-of-the-art grandstand, with a seating capacity of 5,000, was constructed, featuring corporate hospitality boxes, VIP suites, and administration offices, available all season.

## Description

Today, the sprawling 200-acre complex boasts a turf racetrack, sand training tracks, indoor and outdoor equestrian arenas, stables, a riding school, veterinary clinic, and a well-lit-9-hole golf course. ADEC serves a prominent venue for national and international horse racing, show jumping, and dressage competitions, including the prestigious Group 1 International Jewel Crown, with a remarkable prize of USD 1.36 million, as well as the 5* Nations Cup in show jumping.
Seasonally, ADEC plays host to numerous horse racing events, typically running from November through March. These races deliver an electrifying and captivating experience, attracting a diverse international fan base.
We maintain a close collaboration with the equestrian community in the Capital, further enhancing the stature and impact of ADEC within the region.
# Morris Mandel

Morris Mandel (1911–2009) was an American educator and journalist.

## Biography

Morris Mandel was born in 1911 in Lublin, Poland. His family moved to the United States when he was three. His son Allen Mandel, is a rabbi. Mandel wrote advice columns for The Jewish Press, "Human Emotions" and "Youth Speaks Up," for close to five decades. He was English principal of Yeshiva Toras Emes; a guidance counselor in the New York City public school system; taught law and accounting; ran a singles group that produced many marriages, headed summer camps in the 1940s and 50s; lectured in the United States, Canada, and Israel; and wrote close to 50 books and raised funds for several Jewish causes.

## Journalistic career

Mandel addressed different audiences with different messages. His "Problems in Human Emotions" column sometimes said the seemingly obvious ("Even the darkest hour only has 60 minutes"), but in a way that found him being authoritatively cited
# José María Álvarez Mendizábal

José María Álvarez Mendizábal (August 14, 1891 in Las Pedroñeras – February 21, 1965) was a Spanish politician and lawyer.
He was a bourgeoisie landowner and entered politics with the proclamation of the Second Spanish Republic elected deputy to Congress of Cuenca (province) in the elections of 1931 and the election of 1933 representing the Radical Republican Party, and in the elections of 1936 independently. He served as Minister of Agriculture, Industry and Commerce between 30 December 1935 and 19 February 1936 in the government. He was presided over by Manuel Portela.
# Ken Coogan

Ken Coogan (born 1983) is an Irish hurler who played as a midfielder for the Kilkenny senior team.
Coogan joined the team during the 2003 championship and made just one appearance during his two seasons of inter-county hurling. During that time he won one All-Ireland winners' medal.
At club level, Coogan plays with the Tullaroan club.
# Kevin Dekkers

Kevin Dekkers (born 9 December 1980) is an Irish-born, Sint Maartener international footballer who plays as a midfielder for the Sint Maarten national football team.

## International career

Dekkers was born in County Cork, Ireland to a Dutch father and Sint Maartener mother, who ensured that Kevin maintained his Sint Maartenese citizenship. He moved to the island itself in 2004, and worked as a PE teacher, playing in the local league. He was called up to the Sint Maarten senior squad for a friendly against Anguilla, and captained the side to a 2–0 victory. He also played in 2017 Caribbean Cup qualification games against Grenada and the United States Virgin Islands.

## Career statistics
### International

    As of match played 7 May 2017.
| National team | Year | Apps | Goals |
| Sint Maarten | 2016 | 3 | 0 |
| Total | Total | 3 | 0 |