OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Battle of Cascina (Michelangelo)

The Battle of Cascina is a painting in fresco commissioned from Michelangelo for the Palazzo Vecchio in Florence. He created only the preparatory drawing before being called to Rome by Pope Julius II, where he worked on the Pope's tomb; before completing this project, he returned to Florence for some months to complete the cartoon.

## Origins

The work was commissioned from Michelangelo by Piero Soderini, statesman of the Republic of Florence. It was intended for a wall of the Salone dei Cinquecento in the Palazzo Vecchio. The opposite wall was to be decorated by Leonardo da Vinci, who was commissioned to depict the Battle of Anghiari. The two battles were notable medieval Florentine victories. The Battle of Cascina was fought on 28 July 1364 between the troops of Florence and Pisa, resulting in victory of the former. A thousand Pisans were killed and two hundred more were captured.

## Description

Michelangelo never completed the painting, but did produce a complete cartoon of the composition. The cartoon was copied by several artists, the most notable extant copy being by Michelangelo's pupil Sangallo. Some of Michelangelo's preparatory drawings also survive, along with prints of part of the scene by Marcantonio Raimondi. According to Michelangelo's biographer Giorgio Vasari, the original cartoon was deliberately cut up, while its owner the Duke Giuliano de Medici was recovering from an illness, by other admiring artisans and distributed across Italy. Vasari states that the last pieces he saw were in Mantua.
Michelangelo depicted a scene at the beginning of the battle, when the Florentine army was initially taken by surprise in the attack by the Pisans. He depicts Florentine soldiers bathing naked in the river Arno, responding to a trumpet warning of the Pisan attack. As the soldiers emerge from the river and buckle on their armour, they are threatened by shots from the Pisans. Several soldiers look or point toward the Pisan position to the left. One soldier has apparently been hit and fallen back into the river, while others leap energetically into action.
By choosing this episode, Michelangelo could depict his favoured topic: the nude male figure in various postures.

## Studies

* Michelangelo's study of Battle of Cascina
* Michelangelo's study of Battle of Cascina
* Michelangelo's study of Battle of Cascina
* Michelangelo's study of Battle of Cascina
* Michelangelo's study of Battle of Cascina
* Michelangelo's study of Battle of Cascina
* Male Back With a Flag
# Frederik Ruppert

Frederik Ruppert (born 19 February 1997) is a German runner, who specializes in the 3000 metres steeplechase. He competed in the 3000 metres steeplechase event at the 2022 World Athletics Championships, and was the 2019 European U23 Champion in the event. In 2024, he qualified for the 2024 Summer Olympics. That year he also won the steeplechase at the 2024 German Athletics Championships and finished fourth at the European Championships.

## Personal bests

* 1500 metres – 3:45.34 (Bottrop 2018)
* 3000 metres – 7:48.36i (Ghent 2024)
* 3000 metres steeplechase – 8:15.08 (Rome 2024)
# Oye (given name)

OyeOye (given name).ogg (Royalty,Honour ,Title or Chieftancy) is a Yoruba Masculine given name.

## Notability of the name

* Adeoye "Oye" Owolewa (born 1989) I
* Oye is a town and headquarter of Oye Local Government Area in Ekiti State, Nigeria.
* Oye is a 2006 album by Aterciopelados.
# Ulatowo-Pogorzel

Ulatowo-Pogorzel is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Jednorożec, within Przasnysz County, Masovian Voivodeship, in east-central Poland.
# Frank H. Woody

Frank Hargrave Woody (December 10, 1833 – December 16, 1916) was, among many occupations, the first mayor of Missoula, Montana. He was born in Chatham County, North Carolina and attended New Garden Boarding School in Greensboro, North Carolina. After teaching for several years he began moving westward in 1852 before eventually settling in what was then called Flathead county (today's Ravalli and Missoula Counties) in Washington Territory where he was paid to drive supplies for trade with the native populations. Woody accompanied Christopher P. Higgins and Frank Worden in the establishment of Hellgate Village and later Missoula, Montana.
In 1866 Woody was appointed to serve as Clerk and Recorder of Missoula County and also acted as Probate Judge as well as post master and finally Deputy Clerk of the Second Judicial District Court of Missoula. He became Missoula's first attorney in 1877 after passing the Montana Bar and on April 19, 1883 he became Missoula's first mayor. He would serve in this capacity until May 22, 1884.
Woody was elected to the office of District Judge after receiving the Democratic Nomination in 1892. He would be re-elected in 1896.
Woody was also the chairman of the University Committee in charge of lobbying the Montana State Legislature for allowing Missoula to be the location of the University of Montana. It is said that a considerable amount of money was spent on whiskey and three different types of cigars by the 25 lobbyists in their efforts.
# American Lightning

American Lightning: Terror, Mystery, the Birth of Hollywood, and the Crime of the Century is a non-fiction book by Howard Blum, published in 2008.

## Summary

The book is about the October 1, 1910 bombing of the Los Angeles Times building by union members. Iron Workers Union leaders James and John McNamara plead not guilty. The detective who found out that the bombers were the McNamaras was Billy Burns, the head of Burns Detective Agency. The book also includes a considerable amount of information about the defense lawyer Clarence Darrow and film director D. W. Griffith, who were involved in the case.

## Reception

Ohline H. Cogdill wrote in the Miami Herald that the book is epic, gripping, and a cohesive non-fiction thriller. Richard Rayner wrote in the Los Angeles Times that the book is excellent and sheds valuable new light on the bombing.

## Awards

* Edgar Allan Poe Award for Best Fact Crime, 2009
# Tommy Kafri

Tommy Kafri (born Mezei Tamás on 3 October 1976, Budapest) is a retired Hungarian-Israeli sprinter who specialized in the 100 and 200 metres.
He competed at the 1997 World Championships (100 metres), the 1998 European Indoor Championships (both 60 and 200 metres), the 1998 European Championships (in both 100 and 200 metres), the 1999 World Championships (both 100 and 200 metres) and the 2000 Olympic Games (100 metres). He won a single Israeli national title: in the 200 metres in 1996.
In the 4 x 100 metres relay he competed at the 1999 World Championships, the 2000 Olympic Games and the 2001 World Championships without reaching the final.
His personal best times were 10.23 seconds in the 100 metres, achieved in July 1999 in Tel Aviv; and 20.89 seconds in the 200 metres, achieved at the 1999 World Championships in Seville. He still holds the Israeli record in the 200 metres, tied with Gideon Jablonka.
He went back to Hungary in 2006, changed his nationality back to Hungarian in 2007.
# Hingol mud volcanoes

The Hingol mud volcanoes (Hindi: बाबा चंड्रकुप, Balochi: ھنگول ئےِ خاک شان; Sindhi: बाबा चंदरकुप; Urdu: ہنگول مٹی کے آتش فشاں) are located in Lasbela District, Balochistan, Pakistan at a distance of around 100 km from Uthal, which is the headquarter of District Lasbela. The mud volcanoes are located in Hingol National Park which is the largest national park in Pakistan. It contains about ten clusters of mud volcanoes, the most important of which are Chandragup and Khandewari volcanoes.
These are not located on the main road about a kilometer off the Makran Coastal Highway leading from Lasbela to Gwadar; the locals may provide guidance to the exact location. A landmark is a SSGC installation. The site is a complex of three major mud volcanoes and a number of smaller ones.
The three mud volcanoes of the location are named as Chandragup1, Chandragup2 and Chandragup3. One of which is a 300-foot-high mud volcano. It is a sacred annual pilgrimage site for Hindus, along with the close by Hinglaj Mata mandir. Also known as Chandrakup, the volcano is considered holy by Hindus and is an important stop for pilgrims on their way to the Hinglaj Mata temple. Devotees throw coconuts into the craters to make wishes and thank the gods for answering their prayers.

## Chandragup

Chandragup is an active mud volcano located in Hingol National Park in Balochistan, Pakistan. Also known as Chandrakup, the volcano is considered holy by Hindus and is an important stop for pilgrims on their way to the shrine of Shri Hinglaj Mata temple.
The Chandragup mud volcano is worshipped as an embodiment of the Hindu god Shiva, and called Baba Chandragup. Pilgrims to the volcano believe that the Shri Hinglaj Mata temple may only be entered only after paying homage to Baba Chandrakup. Traditionally, the pilgrim stays awake all night, fasting and meditating on the sins they will confess at the rim the following day. They bake roti made out of ingredients contributed by all the yātrīs. On the next day they ascend the slope of Chandrakup, and the roṭi is served as an offering to Baba Chandrakup. Nowadays, coconuts, betel nut and dal are also offered. At the volcano's peak, the pilgrims must introduce themselves with their full name and place of origin and then call out their sins in front of the group. According to the bubbling of the mud and the reaction of the wind, the chaṛīdār is able to tell if the pilgrim's sins are forgiven.
Devotees throw coconuts into the craters to make wishes and thank the gods for answering their prayers.

## Gallery

* The view of Chandragup I mud volcano
* Mud Volcano 1
* Mud Volcano 2
* Mud Volcano 3
# 19th Space Defense Squadron

The 19th Space Defense Squadron (19 SDS) is a United States Space Force unit responsible for monitoring everything outside the geosynchronous Earth orbit. It is a part of Space Delta 2.

## List of commanders

* Lt Col Jonathan Smith, 6 April 2022 – July 2024
* Lt Col Jose Almanzar, July 2024 – present
# Gaap

Gaap (also Tap, Coap, Taob or Goap) is a demon that is described in demonological grimoires such as the Lesser Key of Solomon, Johann Weyer's Pseudomonarchia Daemonum, and the Munich Manual of Demonic Magic, as well as Jacques Collin de Plancy's Dictionnaire Infernal,

## Demon

These works describe Gaap as a prince in human form who incites love. The Munich Manual also says that "Taob" also provides medical care for women, transforms them to make it easier to get to a lover, renders them infertile, and rules twenty-five legions of spirits. The other sources instead describe Gaap as a president, giving him the power to teach philosophy and liberal arts, make others invisible, steal familiars from other magicians, make men stupid, and carry men between kingdoms; in addition to ruling sixty-six legions of demons. Johann Weyer also connects Gaap to necromancers, and states that he was first called upon by Noah's son Ham, along with Beleth. He was of the order of potestates.
Gaap (or Goap) is also one of the four cardinal spirits, of the south in the Lesser Key of Solomon, the west in the Pseudomonarchia Daemonum.
In the Livre des Esperitz, Gaap (as Caap) is still a prince, but appears as a knight, brings gold and silver anywhere, and rules twenty legions of spirits.
Accomplished occultist Carroll "Poke" Runyon treats Gaap and Coap as different entities, although they were historically the same figure.
According to Thomas Rudd, Gaap is opposed by the Shem HaMephorash angel Ieuiah.

## Modern depictions

* Gaap is depicted in the visual novel Umineko When They Cry as a female demon who serves the witch Beatrice. She has the ability to teleport herself and others.
* Gaap is played by Paapa Essiedu in the 2023 "Demon 79" episode of Black Mirror.
# A Brief History of Crime

A Brief History of Crime is the third book by author and journalist Peter Hitchens. Originally published in 2003, it was reissued in 2004 under the new title The Abolition of Liberty. The book was described in 2012 by The American Conservative magazine as "a must-read for anyone on either side of the Atlantic".

## Themes

The book challenges a number of commonly held views about the causes of crime, criticising the opinion that crime is caused by poverty or other forms of social deprivation. It also charts the changes in policing from the 1960s to the present day, and examines and criticises the workings of the modern British prison system, including a chapter on the author's visit to Wormwood Scrubs. Hitchens contends that the former principle of "due punishment of responsible persons" has been abandoned in favour of vague modern theories of rehabilitation.

## Reception

Left-leaning publications were very critical of the book. David Rose in The Observer described the book as "a churning, ceaseless rant, akin to the wake of a cross-Channel ferry. It has similar bilious effects" and questioned whether the desperate situation described by Hitchens really exists, citing Oxford as an example.
Conservative newspapers assessed the book more favourably. Bryan Appleyard, writing in The Sunday Times, described it as "a marvellous, angry polemic" that accounts for and charts how the British Police force became so "institutionally bureaucratic, sullen, chippy and ineffectual". In The Sunday Telegraph, Theodore Dalrymple agreed with the main arguments in the book, writing "Mr Hitchens places the blame firmly where it belongs: on a supine and pusillanimous political establishment that, for four decades at least, has constantly retreated before the verbal onslaught of liberal intellectuals whose weapons have been mockery allied to sentimental guilt about their prosperous and comfortable lives, and whose aim has been to liberate themselves from personally irksome moral constraints, without regard to the consequences for those less favourably placed in society".

## Publishing history

The book was published by Atlantic Books, (ISBN 1-84354-148-3) in 2003. An updated edition, re-titled The Abolition of Liberty: The Decline of Order and Justice in England (ISBN 1-84354-149-1) and featuring a new chapter on identity cards ("Your papers, please"), and with two chapters – on gun control ("Out of the barrel of a gun") and capital punishment ("Cruel and unusual") – removed, appeared in April 2004. Hitchens said in his weblog in 2010 that the reason for removing the above chapters was so that the book "would be read more widely". The deleted chapters are restored in the audiobook.
# Zakącie, Masovian Voivodeship

Zakącie is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Garwolin, within Garwolin County, Masovian Voivodeship, in east-central Poland. It lies approximately 11 kilometres (7 mi) south-west of Garwolin and 54 km (34 mi) south-east of Warsaw.

## Climate

Zakącie has a warm-summer humid continental climate (Dfb) Köppen Climate Type.
# Amir Aguid

Amir Aguid (born 26 September 1992) is an Algerian footballer who plays for CR Témouchent as a defender.
# Jano (footballer, born 1980)

Alejandro Fernández Vázquez (born 4 April 1980 in Langreo, Asturias), known as Jano, is a Spanish former professional footballer who played as a central defender.
# Uniejewo

Uniejewo is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Brudzeń Duży, within Płock County, Masovian Voivodeship, in east-central Poland. It lies approximately 6 kilometres (4 mi) south of Brudzeń Duży, 18 km (11 mi) north-west of Płock, and 114 km (71 mi) north-west of Warsaw.
# Liên Sơn, Đắk Lắk

Liên Sơn is a township (thị trấn) and capital of Lắk District, Đắk Lắk Province, Vietnam.
# Brian Orosco

Brian Ezequiel Orosco (born 28 February 1998) is an Argentine professional footballer who plays as a midfielder for Latvian club Riga FC, on loan from Estudiantes de La Plata.

## Career

CAI gave Orosco his start in senior football. A 2–0 defeat to Cipolletti on 21 June 2015 saw Orosco make his senior bow in Torneo Federal A, coming on as a substitute in place of Matías Vargas in the first of six appearances in the 2015 campaign. That ended with relegation to Torneo Federal B, tier four, where he would score five goals in thirty matches across three years. June 2018 saw Primera B Nacional's Guillermo Brown sign Orosco. He made his debut in the Copa Argentina on 20 July during a narrow loss to Tigre of the Primera División. Orosco left Guillermo Brown in January 2019, subsequently moving back to tier four CAI.
On 18 July 2019, Orosco returned to Primera B Nacional after agreeing a move to Villa Dálmine.
Almost a year later, in June 2020, it was widely reported that Orosco was close to joining Super League Greece side Asteras Tripolis.
In the 2021 season he played for Deportivo Morón.
In February 2022 he signed for Estudiantes de La Plata.
On 4 January 2024, he was loaned out to Latvian Higher League club Riga FC.

## Career statistics

    As of 12 January 2024.
Club statistics :
| Club | Season | League | League | League | Cup | Cup | League Cup | League Cup | Continental | Continental | Other | Other | Total | Total |
| Club | Season | Division | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals |
| CAI | 2015 | Torneo Federal A | 6 | 0 | 0 | 0 | — | — | — | — | 0 | 0 | 6 | 0 |
| Guillermo Brown | 2018–19 | Primera B Nacional | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | — | — | — | — | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
| Villa Dálmine | 2019–20 | Primera B Nacional | 15 | 3 | 0 | 0 | — | — | — | — | 0 | 0 | 15 | 3 |
| Asteras Trípoli | 2020–21 | Super League Greece | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | — | — | — | — | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 |
| Deportivo Morón | 2021 | Primera B Nacional | 15 | 2 | 0 | 0 | — | — | — | — | 0 | 0 | 15 | 2 |
| Estudiantes de La Plata | 2022 | Argentine Primera División | 5 | 0 | 2 | 1 | 6 | 1 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 17 | 2 |
| Deportivo Morón (loan) | 2023 | Primera B Nacional | 29 | 3 | 1 | 0 | — | — | — | — | 0 | 0 | 30 | 1 |
| Career total | Career total | Career total | 72 | 8 | 4 | 1 | 6 | 1 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 86 | 8 |
# The Cases That Haunt Us

The Cases That Haunt Us is a 2000 non-fiction book written by John E. Douglas, a former Federal Bureau of Investigation profiler and investigative chief, and Mark Olshaker. Profiling is described by Rodger Lyle Brown, author of the book review, as "the art and science of looking at the specifics of a crime -- the scene, the facts about the victim, the evidence and the act itself -- and extrapolating a portrait of the culprit's psyche and personal habits."
In this book, Douglas explores legendary cases including Lizzie Borden, Jack the Ripper, Black Dahlia, Laurie Bembenek, the Charles Lindbergh Jr. kidnapping, the Zodiac Killer, the Boston Strangler, and the killing of JonBenét Ramsey. Douglas and Olshaker explore the cases and how modern techniques that Douglas pioneered might be used to resolve the cases, such as determining motivation for specific acts.
Of Jack the Ripper suspects, Douglas states that a paranoid individual such as Aaron Kosminski would likely have openly boasted of the murders while incarcerated had he been the killer, but there is no record that he ever did so. Douglas has asserted that behavioural clues gathered from the murders all point to a person "known to the police as David Cohen ... or someone very much like him". Nigel Cawthorne, on the other hand, dismissed Cohen as a likely suspect because in the asylum his assaults were undirected, and his behaviour was wild and uncontrolled, whereas the Ripper seemed to attack specifically and quietly. Nigel Cawthorne is wholly unrelated to John Douglas or to his book, however. Moreover, Cawthorne's assertion about the Ripper being exclusively quiet and specific is inaccurate. Jack the Ripper often acted carelessly. He tried to decapitate Polly Nichols in the middle of the street, he killed Annie Chapman while trespassing in a private rear yard after sunrise, and he slit Stride's throat while drunk.
Regarding the case of JonBenét, Douglas contends that John and Patsy Ramsey did not kill their daughter. Of the case, he said: "Many crimes are tried in the court of public opinion long before they reach a court of law. But I know of no other case in which the majority of people have decided the solution based on statistics. I know of no other case in which the public substantially believes what has been reported in the tabloids. I know of no other case in which the mainline media have let the tabloids take the lead and then reported on their reporting. And I know of no other case in which largely respectable television programs have so tried to outdo each other in sensationalism."
# Barrick Nealy

Barrick Nealy (born August 7, 1983) is a former American and Canadian football quarterback who played for the Calgary Stampeders. Nealy is currently the running backs coach for the Texas State Bobcats.

## College career

A quarterback at Texas State University, Nealy was honored as the 2005 Southland Conference Player of the Year after leading Texas State to its first-ever regular season conference championship. He held Texas State's career records for passing yards and total yards, and finished fifth in the voting for the 2005 Walter Payton Award.
For the twenty previous years, prior to Nealy coming to the institution from the University of Houston, the Bobcats had never made the I-AA playoffs. During his senior season, Nealy led his team to playoff victories over Georgia Southern and Cal Poly before falling in the I-AA semifinals to eventual I-AA runner-up the University of Northern Iowa. All three games were nationally televised by ESPN2 from Bobcat Stadium in San Marcos, Texas.
The playoff dream may have not been realized had the Bobcats fallen in their season finale to rival Sam Houston State. Despite several Nealy turnovers, the Bobcats prevailed in overtime over the Bearkats in San Marcos. The Bobcats entered the playoffs as a fourth seed.
Nealy had a standout performance against Texas A&M in a game that took place in College Station, Texas. In this game Nealy went 26 for 34, completing 76.5% of his passes for 378 yards and three touchdowns. He also rushed for 36 yards and another score. This game made many around the nation and in the state of Texas take notice of the Bobcats and more importantly, Nealy. Perhaps Nealy's most dominant game came in the NCAA playoffs against powerhouse Georgia Southern. In that game the Bobcats were trailing late in the fourth quarter and fought back to pull off a huge 50–35 victory. Nealy went 23 for 32 (71.9%) for 400 yards and four touchdowns. He rushed the ball for 126 yards and one more score.

## Professional career

Nealy declared himself eligible for the 2006 NFL draft, but was not selected. He signed on as a free agent Wide Receiver with the Minnesota Vikings in May 2006. He was released by the Vikings in July 2006 and signed a contract with the Calgary Stampeders of the Canadian Football League instead. Assigned to the practice roster, Nealy later asked to be released from his contract to attend personal business. In 2007, he returned to the Stampeders as the third quarterback on the roster.
Nealy retired from the Stampeders after two meetings with head coach Hufnagel on Friday, June 11, 2010, saying that football was no longer fun for him. He was retained on the retired list rather than simply being released, which entitles the Stampeders to compensation in the event that he signs with another team.