OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Laureano Fuentes Matons

Laureano Fuentes Matons (Santiago de Cuba, 3 July 1825 – 30 September 1898) came from a family of musicians and wrote the first opera to be composed on the island, La hija de Jefe (The Chief's daughter). This was later lengthened and staged under the title Seila. His numerous works spanned all genres. Wrote Las artes en Santiago de Cuba (1893) in which a transcription of "Son de Ma Teodora" (purportedly composed in the 16th century) is given. An extended assessment of his work is given by Alejo Carpentier.
Fuentes studied under Juan París, and mastered the violin from a young age. His son was Laureano Fuentes Pérez, a famous pianist and composer.
# Written in Blood (novel)

Written in Blood is a crime novel by English author Caroline Graham, first published by Headline in 1994. The story follows Chief Inspector Tom Barnaby as he investigates the murder of a retired civil servant. It is the fourth volume in Graham's Chief Inspector Barnaby series, preceded by Death in Disguise and followed by Faithful unto Death. It has been adapted into an episode in ITV drama Midsomer Murders.

## Plot summary

The Midsomer Worthy Writer's Circle, a group of amateur novelists, invite celebrated author Max Jennings as a special guest. Host Gerald Hadleigh vehemently opposes the idea but refuses to explain why, so he is promptly overruled by his peers. After the somewhat uncomfortable event, Hadleigh's companion Rex St. John is tricked into departing, leaving Hadleigh alone with Jennings. The next morning Gerald is found savagely murdered with a candlestick, his corpse stripped and all his clothes stolen, with no sign of Max.

## Reception

Publishers Weekly stated in its review of the novel: "The skill with which Graham evokes these characters and explores their individual, often damaged, emotional histories rings of Rendell and P.D. James. The few too many coincidences in the plot will be forgiven for the crisp pace and satisfying twist at the end." Kirkus Reviews noted: "Graham, who deserves a wider US readership, starts out as astringently amusing as Christianna Brand in her classic Green for Danger, and then gradually broadens and deepens to P.D. James territory. What more could you want?" Gail Pool in the Wilson Library Bulletin wrote: "Revolving around the lives and relationships of group members, this is a complicated, satisfying mystery. For all her humor, Graham makes us feel the pathos of these individuals, some struggling to succeed, others enduring lives of 'quiet desperation,' and one of them dead." Emily Melton in Booklist remarked that Graham "effectively juxtaposes the darkly malignant aspects of human behavior with the … trivialities of everyday life."

## Publication history

* United Kingdom: 1994, Headline, London, 1994, Hardback, 307 p., ISBN 0-7472-1105-1.
* United States: 1995, W. Morrow, New York City, 1995, Hardback, 387 p., ISBN 0-688-10024-4.

## Television adaptation

Written in Blood was adapted on 22 March 1998 as the second episode of Midsomer Murders. The two-hour film starred Anna Massey, Una Stubbs and David Troughton, alongside John Nettles and Daniel Casey in their usual roles of Barnaby and Troy, respectively. The character of Rex St. John is omitted from the episode.
# Whose Are You, Old People?

Whose Are You, Old People? (Russian: Вы чьё, старичьё?, romanized: Vy chyo, starichyo?) is a 1988 Soviet drama film directed by Iosif Kheifits. The film tells about two lonely old people living in one village.

## Plot

The story centers on the lives of two lonely elderly men, forgotten and abandoned by everyone in the bustle of everyday life.
After his wife passes away, Kasyan Nefyodovich Glushkov, a village resident, moves to the city to live with his daughter-in-law, as his son died several years prior. She lives in a communal apartment with her young son, dreaming of finding a well-paying job, buying a home, and remarrying. When her job search in the city proves futile, she is forced to leave for work in the north, leaving Kasyan with his grandson, though the child is soon taken to join his mother. The neighbors, who are expecting a baby, hint that it would be best if Kasyan vacates the space.
Meanwhile, Kasyan, while collecting bottles, meets Bagorych, a local retiree living in a one-room apartment with his adult granddaughter, Valentina. Valentina’s fiancé, Andrei, returns after four years in a prison camp. Feeling out of place, Kasyan and Bagorych plan to go to Kasyan’s village, where his childhood friend Nyura (Anna Semyonovna) has found them work and invited them to stay. However, on the day they are set to leave, Kasyan receives a telegram saying Nyura has died.
Kasyan and Bagorych walk along the railroad tracks into the unknown, unaware that it was Nyura’s lonely daughter, a postal worker who sent the telegram because she didn’t want two elderly men living in her house.
The film’s structure is cyclical: both the beginning and end feature a village scene of a herdsman driving cattle to pasture, listening to a Vladimir Vysotsky song on his tape recorder.

## Cast

* Mikhail Pakhomenko as Kasyan Glushkov
* Lev Borisov as Bagorych
* Elena Melnikova as Valentina, Bagorych's granddaughter
* Yevgeny Kryzhanovsky as Arnold, neighbor in a communal apartment (as Yevgeni Krzhizhanovsky)
* Tatyana Sharkova as Zinka, Kasyan's daughter-in-law
* Yevgeniya Kovalyova as Nyura, neighbor in the village
* Irina Rakshina as Vera, Nyura's daughter
* Anatoliy Kotenyov as Andrey
* Valentin Bukin as Podkhodtsev
* Yuri Golubev as Golubev
# José Manoel da Conceição

José Manouel da Conceicao (1822–1873) was a Brazilian Catholic priest, later converted to the Reformed faith and joined the Presbyterian Church of Brazil and become the first Brazilian pastor of this evangelical denomination. His ordination was on December 17, 1865. He served as an evangelist in São Paulo. Because of his conversion to the Reformed faith Conceicao had been excommunicated from the Roman Catholic church. He was often injured in his travels, and died in Vale do Paraíba due to the injuries sustained.

## His convert

He was born in March 1822 in São Paulo. Later in 1844 and 1845 he was ordained as a deacon in the Roman Church. Some works of Laemmert made him to doubt in the Catholic church. He attended a Protestant worship performed by Latimer Blackford, and later made friendship with Ashbel Green Simonton.
# Bukjeju County

Bukjeju County (Bukjeju-gun; "North Jeju County") was a county in Jeju Province, South Korea until July 1, 2006, when it was merged with Jeju City.
# Fifty-Eighth Army (Japan)

The Japanese 58th Army (第58軍, Dai-gojyūhachi gun) was an army of the Imperial Japanese Army during the final days of World War II.

## History

The Japanese 58th Army was formed on April 7, 1945, under the Japanese 17th Area Army as part of the last desperate defense effort by the Empire of Japan to deter possible landings of Allied forces in Jejudo (Saishuto) island during Operation Downfall. The Japanese 58th Army consisted mostly of poorly trained reservists, conscripted students and home guard militia. It was demobilized at the surrender of Japan on August 15, 1945, without having seen combat.

## List of Commanders
### Commanding officer

| | Name | From | To |
| 1 | Lieutenant General Sadashige Nagatsu | 7 April 1945 | 15 August 1945 |

### Chief of Staff

| | Name | From | To |
| 1 | Major General Yoshihide Kato | 6 April 1945 | 19 August 1945 |
| 2 | Major General Hisashi Kisaki | 19 August 1945 | 1 September 1945 |
# Milk & Honey (bar)

Milk & Honey was a cocktail bar originally founded in New York City on 31 December 1999, with another location in Soho, London, founded by Sasha Petraske. The New York location was first located on the Lower East Side and later moved to the Flatiron District.
The London branch was operated as a private members' club, although non-members could visit before 11 pm with a prior reservation. In September 2020 Milk & Honey London closed permanently due to the COVID-19 pandemic in London.
The New York bar started the global speakeasy trend at its opening and helped lead the craft cocktail movement.

## House rules

The club operated a set of "House rules", which were:
* No name-dropping, no star fucking.
* No hooting, hollering, shouting or other loud behaviour.
* No fighting, play fighting, no talking about fighting.
* Gentlemen will remove their hats. Hooks are provided.
* Gentlemen will not introduce themselves to ladies. Ladies, feel free to start a conversation or ask the bartender to introduce you. If a man you don't know speaks to you, please lift your chin slightly and ignore him.
* Do not linger outside the front door.
* Do not bring anyone unless you would leave that person alone in your home. You are responsible for the behaviour of your guests.
* Exit the bar briskly and silently. People are trying to sleep across the street. Please make all your travel plans and say all farewells before leaving the bar.

## Cocktails created at Milk & Honey

* Penicillin
* Paper plane
* Gold Rush
# Chuja Islands

The Chuja Islands (Korean: 추자군도; Hanja: 楸子群島) are a group of 42 islands in the Jeju Strait, about halfway between Jejudo and the southern coast of Jeollanamdo. Only four islands are inhabited: Sangchuja ("Upper Chuja"), which is connected by a bridge to Hachuja ("Lower Chuja"), the largest by area; Hoenggan; and Chupo. The Chuja Islands are administered by Jeju City. As of December 31, 2019, the population is 1,733, based on the number of citizen registrations.

## History

Chuja Islands are administered by Jeju City, but are geographically located adjacent to Wando-gun, Jeolla North Province, and the language and culture is similar to that of Jeolla North Province.

## Fishing Industry

Sinyang Fishing Port is a national fishing harbor located at Sinyang-1-ri, and is known for having a vast, arch-type, minimalist coast, and not the concrete that is common at other Korean ports. Jangjakpyeongsa beach is a popular destination.

## Transportation

Chuja Islands can be accessed by boat. There are two local buses between the islands.

## Climate

Climate data for Chuja Islands, Jeju City (1993–2020 normals) :
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 7.2 (45.0) | 8.4 (47.1) | 11.5 (52.7) | 15.6 (60.1) | 19.4 (66.9) | 22.8 (73.0) | 26.8 (80.2) | 28.9 (84.0) | 25.5 (77.9) | 21.0 (69.8) | 15.3 (59.5) | 9.7 (49.5) | 17.7 (63.9) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 5.0 (41.0) | 5.7 (42.3) | 8.6 (47.5) | 12.5 (54.5) | 16.3 (61.3) | 19.9 (67.8) | 24.3 (75.7) | 26.2 (79.2) | 22.9 (73.2) | 18.4 (65.1) | 12.8 (55.0) | 7.5 (45.5) | 15.0 (59.0) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 2.8 (37.0) | 3.3 (37.9) | 6.0 (42.8) | 10.0 (50.0) | 13.9 (57.0) | 17.8 (64.0) | 22.2 (72.0) | 24.2 (75.6) | 21.1 (70.0) | 16.4 (61.5) | 10.6 (51.1) | 5.1 (41.2) | 12.8 (55.0) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 27.2 (1.07) | 40.3 (1.59) | 73.0 (2.87) | 79.6 (3.13) | 92.5 (3.64) | 152.7 (6.01) | 190.3 (7.49) | 201.8 (7.94) | 132.9 (5.23) | 57.9 (2.28) | 46.6 (1.83) | 32.9 (1.30) | 1,127.7 (44.40) |
| Average precipitation days (≥ 0.1 mm) | 5.9 | 5.5 | 7.0 | 7.7 | 7.8 | 8.8 | 9.1 | 8.5 | 6.9 | 4.6 | 5.9 | 7.4 | 85.1 |
| Source: Korea Meteorological Administration ||||||||||||||
# List of islands in the East China Sea

Islands in the East China Sea include:
* Matsu Islands (29.61 km²)
** Beigan (Peikan)
*** Gaodeng Island (Kaoteng Island)
*** Daqiu Island (大坵)
*** Liang Island (Lang Tao)
*** Xiaoqiu (Kiao Tse 小坵)
*** Wumingdao / Bluff Head (無名島)
*** Qiaotou (峭頭)
*** Jinyu (進嶼)
*** Langyan (浪岩)
*** Sanlianyu / Trio Rocks (三連嶼)
*** Zhongdao (中島)
*** Baimiao (白廟)
*** Laoshu (老鼠)
*** Turtle Island (亀島)
** Nankan (Nangan)
** Dongyin (Tungyin, Tung-yin, Tungyung, Tung Yung)
*** Xiyin (Hsiyin, Siyin)
*** Zhongzhu Island
*** Shuangzijiao
** Chukuang (Jyuguang)
*** Tungchu (Dongjyu, Dongquan)
*** Hsichu (Xijyu, Xiquan)
*** Yongliou
* Ryukyu Islands (4,597.68 km²—Daitō Islands excluded)
** Satsunan Islands
*** Ōsumi Islands:
**** Tanegashima, Yaku, Kuchinoerabu, Mageshima
**** Takeshima, Iōjima, Kuroshima
*** Tokara Islands: Kuchinoshima, Nakanoshima, Gajajima, Suwanosejima, Akusekijima, Tairajima, Kodakarajima, Takarajima
*** Amami Islands: Amami Ōshima, Kikaijima, Kakeromajima, Yoroshima, Ukeshima, Tokunoshima, Okinoerabujima, Yoronjima
** Ryūkyū-shotō
*** Okinawa Islands: Okinawa Island, Kume, Iheya, Izena, Aguni, Ie (Iejima), Iwo Tori Shima (Iōtorishima)
**** Kerama Islands: Tokashiki, Zamami, Aka, Geruma
*** Sakishima Islands
**** Miyako Islands: Miyakojima, Ikema, Ōgami, Irabu, Shimoji, Kurima-jima, Minna, Tarama
**** Yaeyama Islands: Iriomote, Ishigaki, Taketomi, Kohama, Kuroshima, Aragusuku, Hatoma, Yubujima, Hateruma, Yonaguni
* Senkaku Islands (7 km²)
** Uotsurijima, Kuba Jima, Taisho Jima, Kita Kojima, Minami Kojima, Oki-no-Kita-Iwa, Oki-no-Minami-Iwa, Tobise
* Zhoushan Archipelago (1,440.12 km²)
** Zhoushan Island
** Daishan Island
** Liuheng Island
** Jintang Island
** Zhujiajian Island
** Qushan Island
** Mount Putuo
* Jeju Island (1,849 km²)
** Marado
* Pengjia Islet (1.14 km²)
* Mianhua Islet and Pingfong Rock
* Huaping Islet
Total land area: 7,924.55 square kilometres
# Mount Ritchie

Mount Ritchie (78°32′S 158°25′E﻿ / ﻿78.533°S 158.417°E﻿ / -78.533; 158.417) is a mountain rising over 1600 m in the southeast part of Warren Range, Antarctica. The feature is 5.6 km (3 nmi) northeast of Wise Peak on the west side of Deception Glacier. It was named by the Victoria University of Wellington Antarctic Expedition (VUWAE), 1970–71, after Alex Ritchie, curator of fossils at the Australian Museum, Sydney, a member of the VUWAE party that discovered important sites of fossil fish in this Skelton Neve area.

## Geology

Mount Ritchie consists of a thick sequence of well-exposed, sedimentary strata of the Beacon Supergroup capped by a summit composed of an erosional remnant of a dolerite sill belonging to the Ferrar Dolerite sills. The dolerite summit of Mount Ritchie is underlain by 250 metres (820 ft) of the Weller Coal Measures. It is composed of fossiliferous interbedded Permian sandstone, siltstone, shale, and coal. This geologic unit was deposited by ancient braided rivers and streams. Beneath the Weller Coal Measures lies as much as 85 metres (279 ft) of Metschel Tillite. It consists of glacial diamictite, sandstone, and shale. At and just above the contact with undeformed strata of the underlying Aztec Siltstone, the Metschel Tillite is deformed into textbook, imbricately stacked, soft-sediment thrust sheets up to 15 metres (49 ft) thick. These thrust sheets were caused by the north-eastward advance of grounded ice into a glaciomarine setting during a Late Paleozoic icehouse glacial epoch.
Underlying the Metschel Tillite and forming the base of Mount Ritchie is over 217 metres (712 ft) of late Devonian Aztec Siltstone. It consists of locally fossiliferous, interbedded shale, siltstone, and crossbedded sandstone of which the upper few meters are locally deformed by glaciotectonic deformation. Typically, the siltstones and shales range from a few centimeters to several meters thick. The sandstones vary in thickness between 0.1 and 15 metres (0.33 and 49.21 ft). These sedimentary strata contain calcrete, fining-upward cycles, red beds, rootlet horizons, mudcracks, and conchostracan fossils, which indicates that they were deposited in floodplains and channels of rivers and streams.

## Fossils

Mount Ritchie is an important late Devonian vertebrate fossil site in Antarctica. On Mount Ritchie, the Aztec Siltstone has yielded a varied fauna of fossil vertebrates and conchostracans. The vertebrate fossils include a set of acanthodid acanthodiform jaws (Gyracanthides ?), placoderms (Bothriolepis macphersoni and Pambulaspis antarctica), and other fossil fish. In addition, abundant fossil fish were excavated from near the top of the Aztec Siltstone, including Bothriolepis, Groenlandaspis, and Turinia gondwana. Associated with these fossil fish were palynomorphs including Geminospora lemurata. Among the researchers who have collected and studied fossil vertebrates from Mount Ritchie include the eponymous A. Ritchie.
The Wellner Coal Measures at Mount Ritchie contain abundant Permian leaf, root, petrified wood, and other plant fossils.
# Iridectomy

An iridectomy, also known as a surgical iridectomy or corectomy, is the surgical removal of part of the iris. These procedures are most frequently performed in the treatment of closed-angle glaucoma and iris melanoma.

## Comparison with Nd:YAG laser iridotomy

In acute angle-closure glaucoma cases, surgical iridectomy has been superseded by Nd:YAG laser iridotomy, because the laser procedure is much safer. Opening the globe for a surgical iridectomy in a patient with high intraocular pressure greatly increases the risk of suprachoroidal hemorrhage, with potential for associated expulsive hemorrhage. Nd:YAG laser iridotomy avoids such a catastrophe by using a laser to create a hole in the iris, which facilitates flow of aqueous humor from the posterior to the anterior chamber of the eye.

## Current indications

Surgical iridectomy is commonly indicated and performed in the following cases:
* Cataract surgery in a glaucoma patient
* Combined procedure for cataract and glaucoma
* Acute closed-angle glaucoma
* Posterior capsular tears with vitreous loss
* Implantation of anterior chamber IOL.
* Vitreoretinal procedure involving injection of silicone oil. The location of the iridectomy in such cases is at 6 o'clock, as opposed to routine iridectomy done at 11 to 1 o'clock. This is because silicone oil is less dense than water.
* Iris trauma

## Types

* An antiphogistic iridectomy is the surgical removal of part of the iris to reduce intraocular pressure in inflammatory conditions of the eye.
* A basal iridectomy is an iridectomy which includes the root of the iris.
* An optical iridectomy is the surgical removal of part of the iris to enlarge the existing pupil, or to form an artificial pupil, when the natural pupil is ineffectual.
* A peripheral iridectomy is the surgical removal of a portion of the iris in the region of its root, leaving the pupillary margin and sphincter pupillae muscle intact. It is used in the treatment of glaucoma.
* A preliminary iridectomy, or preparatory iridectomy, is the surgical removal of part of the iris preceding cataract extraction. It facilitates the removal of the cataractous lens.
* A sector iridectomy, also known as a complete iridectomy or total iridectomy, is the surgical removal of a complete radial section of the iris extending from the pupillary margin to the root of the iris. A key-hole pupil is left by the removal of a wedge-shaped section of iris.
* A stenopeic iridectomy is the surgical removal of a narrow slit or a minute portion of the iris, leaving the sphincter pupillae muscle intact.
* A therapeutic iridectomy is the surgical removal of a portion of the iris for the cure or prevention of an ocular disease.
# Essay (disambiguation)

An essay is a short piece of writing.
Essay may also refer to:
* Essay (numismatics), a prototype of a proposed coin
* Essay (philately), a prototype of a proposed stamp
* Essay, Orne, a town in France
# Violet (video game)

Violet is a work of interactive fiction by American author Jeremy Freese. It is a one-room puzzle game.

## Plot

The protagonist of Violet is a graduate student trying to write 1,000 words for his dissertation. The protagonist's girlfriend, Violet, threatens to leave otherwise. The protagonist faces a stream of distractions, including a window with a view of the campus, and a computer with access to blogs and webcomics. In the course of the game, the protagonist must "reconsider—and risk wrecking—" his career and relationship.

## Reception

A reviewer for The A.V. Club described the puzzles as "smart but logical" and "fit[ting] thematically into the story." The reviewer also called out the ability to disable "'heteronormativity,' so you can play as Violet’s girlfriend" as something that makes the game "Worth playing for". A second review also observes this option, noting that at least one puzzle changes based on the choice.
A writer for Jay Is Games called out Violet for "succeed[ing] in the difficult task of capturing the intricacies of a dynamic relationship." The writer also praised the game for succeeding at engaging the player at "the core emotional level", again noting how difficult this is. Emily Short, in a review on Jay Is Games, noted the strength of the implementation, pointing to the breadth of "interesting responses even to silly or unexpected actions." Short felt that the characters were "seemingly-real" and "their problem is plausible and serious."

## Wins and awards

It took first place in the 2008 Interactive Fiction Competition with an average score of 8.53. That score is the highest of any Interactive Fiction Competition entry from 1999 through 2012.
Violet was selected as the best interactive fiction game for 2008 by both the Jay Is Games staff and audience.
Violet took 35.1% of the vote in the Jay Is Games audience award, compared to 18.7% for the second-place winner, Lost Pig.
Violet won four awards in the 2008 XYZZY Awards: Best game, writing, individual puzzle ("Disconnecting the Internet in Violet/Getting rid of the key in Violet"), and individual NPC (Violet, the eponymous character).
# Christian Riffo

Christian Alberto Riffo González (born 2 March 1977), sometimes referred as Cristian Riffo or Christian Alberto in Indonesia, is a Chilean former professional footballer who played as a midfielder for clubs in Chile and Indonesia.

## Career

A product of Universidad de Chile youth system, he made ten appearances for the club in 1996 in the top division, where he coincided with players such as Leonardo Rodríguez, Luis Musrri, Víctor Hugo and Cristián Castañeda, among others. Then, he switched to Magallanes in 1997 in the second level.
In Chile, he also played for both Deportes Temuco (2003) and Deportes Puerto Montt (2004–05) in the top division and for Unión La Calera (2006) in the second division, where he coincided with players such as Víctor Rivero and Ariel Pereyra.
Abroad, he played in Indonesia for PSDS Deli Serdang in 2007–08.

## After football

Riffo has gone on playing football at amateur level in clubs such as Deportivo Independiente from Santiago.