OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Joe Vinen

William Frank Vinen FRS HonFInstP (15 February 1930 – 8 June 2022) was a British physicist specialising in low temperature physics.

## Career

Vinen was born on 15 February 1930, the son of Gilbert Vinen and his wife Olive Maud Vinen, née Roach. After Watford Grammar School, he attended Clare College, Cambridge, completing a doctorate (PhD) in 1956. He was a Research Fellow there from 1955 to 1958, when he became a Fellow at Pembroke College, Cambridge. In 1962, he was appointed to a Chair of Physics at Birmingham University. He was appointed to the Poynting Chair in 1973. He served as Head of Department from 1973 until 1981, and retired from the University in 1997.

## Awards and honours

Vinen was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society (FRS) in 1973. His certificate of election reads:
   Distinguished for his contributions to low temperature physics. His experiments with H.E. Hall on attenuation of second sound in rotating liquid helium provided the first demonstration of the probable existence of vortex lines and later in an elegant experiment he gave the first direct proof that the circulation was quantized. His extensive studies of heat currents in liquid helium have led to a thorough understanding of mutual friction between the normal and superfluid components and of critical flow effects. At Birmingham he has continued to make important contributions not only to the liquid helium problem but also to the somewhat analogous one of flux flow and dissipation processes in type II superconductors. All his work is distinguished by an exceptionally profound analytical power in his approach both to experiment and theory.
He was awarded the Rumford Medal in 1980 in "recognition of his discovery of the quantum of circulation in superfluid helium and his development of new techniques for precise measurements within liquid helium."

## Personal life

In 1960, Vinen married Susan-Mary Audrey Master; they had one son, Richard, and one daughter, Katie, and lived in Birmingham.
# Paul Stevenson

Paul Stevenson may refer to:
* Paul Stevenson (psychologist) (born 1955), Australian psychologist
* Paul Stevenson (badminton) (boen 1966), Australian badminton player
* Paul Stevenson (Royal Marines officer) (1940–2023), British military officer
* Paul Stevenson (politician), member of the American Samoa Senate
# Lenon (footballer, born 1996)

Lenon Farias de Souza Leite (born 10 January 1996), commonly known as Lenon, is a Brazilian footballer who currently plays as a forward for Salto del Guairá.

## Career statistics
### Club

    As of 19 July 2019.
| Club | Season | League | League | League | Cup | Cup | Continental | Continental | Other | Other | Total | Total |
| Club | Season | Division | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals |
| Club Guaraní | 2018 | Paraguayan Primera División | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | – | – | 0 | 0 | 4 | 0 |
| Club Guaraní | 2019 | Paraguayan Primera División | 8 | 0 | 0 | 0 | – | – | 0 | 0 | 8 | 0 |
| Club Guaraní | Total | Total | 12 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 12 | 0 |
| General Díaz | 2019 | Paraguayan Primera División | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | – | – | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
| Career total | Career total | Career total | 13 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 13 | 0 |
# Commission on Critical Choices for Americans

The Commission on Critical Choices for Americans was a bipartisan working group proposed by President Richard Nixon and established at his behest in 1973 by New York Governor Nelson Rockefeller. Its purpose was to examine the impact of rapid change upon American society and the place of the United States on the world stage. Rockefeller resigned the governorship of New York in order to devote himself full-time to the CCCA in December, 1973.
Several very high-profile people were appointed to the CCCA. Besides Governor Rockefeller, it included Vice-President Gerald Ford, Secretary of State Henry Kissinger, Secretary of the Treasury George Shultz, the majority and minority leaders of both the US Senate and the US House of Representatives, numerous high-profile businessmen and educators, as well as Daniel Patrick Moynihan and former Miss America Bess Myerson.
The original name proposed for the Commission was "America in the Third Century", a reference to the fact that, in 1976, the United States would begin its third century as an independent nation. However, Rockefeller ultimately decided that "Critical Choices for Americans" was a more descriptive moniker. The commissions work was set up in six areas:
* Panel I—Energy and Its Relationship to Ecology: Economics and World Stability.
* Panel II—Food, Health, World Population and Quality of Life.
* Panel III—Raw Materials, Industrial Development, Capital Formation, Employment and World Trade.
* Panel IV—International Trade and Monetary Systems, Inflation and the Relationships Among Differing Economics Systems.
* Panel V—Change, National Security and Peace, and
* Panel VI—Quality of Life of Individuals and Communities in the U.S.A
The commission was expected to take two years to complete its work, and indeed, its final report was issued in 1976.
# British J-Cup (2024)

The 2024 British J-Cup was the sixth British J-Cup professional wrestling tournament produced by Revolution Pro Wrestling (RPW), which took place on September 28, 2024 at the Gordon Craig Theatre in Stevenage, Hertfordshire, England.
The tournament final was a four-way elimination match, which Lio Rush won by defeating Cameron Khai, Dante Martin and Kid Lykos II. In other matches on the card, Zozaya defeated JJ Gale in singles competition and Undisputed British Heavyweight Champion Luke Jacobs defeated 1 Called Manders in a non-title bout.

## Participants

There were eight participants in the British J-Cup, representing various international promotions from around the world.
| Name: | Promotion: |
| Barbaro Cavernario | Consejo Mundial de Lucha Libre |
| Cameron Khai | Revolution Pro Wrestling |
| Dante Martin | All Elite Wrestling |
| Kid Lykos | Freelancer Progress Wrestling |
| Kid Lykos II | Freelancer Progress Wrestling |
| Lio Rush | Freelancer |
| Robbie Eagles | New Japan Pro Wrestling |
| Robbie X | Freelancer |

## Results

| No. | Results | Stipulations | Times |
| 1 | Lio Rush defeated Bárbaro Cavernario by pinfall | 2024 British J-Cup tournament first round match | 11:02 |
| 2 | Kid Lykos defeated Kid Lykos II by pinfall | 2024 British J-Cup tournament first round match | 15:19 |
| 3 | Cameron Khai defeated Robbie Eagles by pinfall | 2024 British J-Cup tournament first round match | 17:40 |
| 4 | Dante Martin defeated Robbie X by pinfall | 2024 British J-Cup tournament first round match | 16:25 |
| 5 | Zozaya defeated JJ Gale by pinfall | Singles match | 15:23 |
| 6 | Luke Jacobs defeated 1 Called Manders by pinfall | Singles match | 12:18 |
| 7 | Lio Rush defeated Cameron Khai, Dante Martin and Kid Lykos II by pinfall | Four-way elimination match in the 2024 British J-Cup tournament final | 18:01 |

### Tournament brackets

| First Round | First Round | First Round | Final | Final | Final |
| Lio Rush | Lio Rush | Pin | | | |
| Barbaro Cavernario | Barbaro Cavernario | 11:02 | | | |
| Kid Lykos | Kid Lykos | Pin | Lio Rush | Lio Rush | Pin |
| Kid Lykos II | Kid Lykos II | 15:19 | Cameron Khai | Cameron Khai | 18:01 |
| Cameron Khai | Cameron Khai | Pin | Dante Martin | Dante Martin | – |
| Robbie Eagles | Robbie Eagles | 17:40 | Kid Lykos II | Kid Lykos II | – |
| Dante Martin | Dante Martin | Pin | | | |
| Robbie X | Robbie X | 16:25 | | | |
# Jean M. Paton

Jean M. Paton (1908 – 2002) was an American adoptee rights activist who worked to reverse harmful policies, practices, and laws concerning adoption and closed records. Paton founded the adoptee support and search network Orphan Voyage in 1953, helping connect adoptees with their birthparents, and was instrumental in the creation of the American Adoption Congress and Concerned United Birthparents in the 1970s.

## Biography

Jean Paton was born in Detroit on December 27, 1908. She was a sculptor and a psychiatric social worker. Paton earned her Master of Social Work from the University of Pennsylvania in 1945 and worked for a short time at the New Hampshire Children's Aid Society.$^{:18}$
She was able to obtain her adoption records and original birth certificate, including her birth parents' names, from the probate court in 1942.
Paton died on March 27, 2002 at the North Regional Medical Center in Harrison, Arkansas.$^{:1}$

## Adoptee rights activism

Beginning in 1950, Paton dedicated herself to advocating for adoptees and facilitating meetings between birthparents and adoptees. In an unpublished article written in 1949, she advocated for an independent, voluntary adoption registry through which relatives could be reunited; these would become common in the mid-1970s. She personally counseled thousands of adoptees and birthmothers on how to begin their searches.
In 1953, Paton founded the Life History Study Center as a research and communications center for adopted adults.$^{:35}$ The Center's goals were to provide an identity to adult adoptees and make the public aware of the voices of adoptees. She published The Adopted Break Silence in 1954, which collected stories of forty adult adoptees. The book investigated whether these adoptions "worked," that is, whether the adoptees were loved and well cared for.
By 1961, Paton became discouraged by a lack of progress and discontinued publications through the Life History Study Center.$^{:87}$ However, the concept of illegitimacy was being discussed by scholars and adoptees, and she founded Orphan Voyage, "a program of mutual aid and guidance for social orphans," in 1962.$^{:114}$ In 1968, under the pseudonym Ruthena Hill Kittson, she wrote the book Orphan Voyage, which argued that adult adoptees should have the right to make decisions about search and reunion with their birth parents.
Paton was "fundamental" in the 1979 foundation of the first organization for adult adoptees in the United States, the American Adoption Congress. She also supported the founders of the Concerned United Birthparents when that organization was started in 1976.
Her biography, Jean Paton and the Struggle to Reform American Adoption, was written in 2014 by E. Wayne Carp. The papers of Jean Paton are available at the Social Welfare History Archives within the University of Minnesota Libraries.
# William Opoku

William Opoku Asiedu (born 1 April 1997) is a Ghanaian professional footballer who plays as a midfielder. Besides Ghana, he has played in England, Estonia, Nepal, Saudi Arabia, Bhutan and India.

## Club career

Opoku's career began in Ghana with Division One club Okyeman Planners. He scored eleven goals in his final season, 2016, with Okyeman. In February 2017, Opoku joined Premier League team Middlesbrough on a long-term contract. He was immediately loaned out to Levadia Tallinn of the Meistriliiga for eighteen months. He made his Levadia debut on 3 March in the league versus Flora. During his time in Estonia, Opoku mainly featured for their reserve team in the Esiliiga. In total, he scored seven goals in fifteen games in the tier two. His loan with Levadia was terminated in June 2017.
On 26 September, Opoku joined I-League side Minerva Punjab. He made a goalscoring debut for Minerva in a 2017 Punjab State Football League match against Dalbir FA. In I-League action, Opoku scored three goals in his first four appearances. On 8 March 2018, Opoku scored the winning goal in a 1–0 win over Churchill Brothers which secured the 2017–18 I-League title. He extended his contract for one more year in September 2018. However, in 2019, Opoku moved to Ozone of the I-League 2nd Division. Months after, he headed to Calcutta Football League team BSS Sporting Club.
2020 saw Opoku move across Kolkata to Bhawanipore. In September of the same year, Opoku headed back to the I-League 2nd Division with Bengaluru United.

## International career

Opoku has represented Ghana at U20 level, featuring during the 2017 Africa U-20 Cup of Nations qualifying campaign.

## Career statistics

    As of 5 September 2020
Club statistics :
| Club | Season | League | League | League | Cup | Cup | League Cup | League Cup | Continental | Continental | Other | Other | Total | Total |
| Club | Season | Division | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals |
| Minerva Punjab | 2017–18 | I-League | 18 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | — | — | 0 | 0 | 18 | 5 |
| Minerva Punjab | 2018–19 | I-League | 11 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | — | — | 0 | 0 | 11 | 2 |
| Career total | Career total | Career total | 29 | 7 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | — | — | 0 | 0 | 29 | 7 |

## Honours

Minerva Punjab
* I-League: 2017–18
Paro Fc
* Bhutan premier League: 2024
# Jeh Williamson

Jeh Williamson (born 15 December 1990) is an Indian footballer who currently plays for Bhawanipore in the I-League 2nd Division. He is an official youth product of Pune.
Williamson’s love for football developed thanks to his father, Jerome, who began to personally train Williamson at the age of sixteen. However, Williamson's football career can actually be traced back to his school days, which included leading the side as well.
Williamson’s interest, coupled with having an equally determined father, led to the creation of the football club Morning Glory, in 2004. The amateur club provided a platform for Williamson to showcase his talent.
His fascination with goals was a good enough reason for Williamson to stay put as a striker.

## Early career

In 2007, Williamson had his first trial with playing organised football by enrolling in a youth training program with the Southern Sports Association. It was a six-month regular exercise for the player.
His potential at SSA earned him a break at FCI, where he spent a season under former Internationals Bikash Panji, Atanu Bhattacharya, and Biswajeet Bhattacharya.
The following year, in 2009, Williamson was selected to play for the Calcutta Cricket & Football Club (CCFC). This part of his career was crucial as the club, which was coached by Jamshed Nassiri, played weekend games against big clubs from Kolkata. His promise led to the coach allowing Williamson to try out for the Pune F.C. under-19 team. Williamson made it to the team.

## Career
### Pune

In the summer of 2011, Williamson signed with the senior team at Pune F.C., and made his first-team debut against Prayag United S.C. in the I-League, coming off the bench as a substitute in the 71st minute on 5 November 2011.

## Career statistics
### Club

Statistics accurate as of 6 November 2011
| Club | Season | League | League | League | Cup | Cup | Cup | AFC | AFC | AFC | Total | Total | Total |
| Club | Season | Apps | Goals | Assists | Apps | Goals | Assists | Apps | Goals | Assists | Apps | Goals | Assists |
| Pune | 2011–12 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | — | — | — | 1 | 0 | 0 |
| Career total | Career total | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
# Abeiku Ainooson

Abeiku Ainooson (born 24 September 1992) is a Ghanaian professional footballer, who plays as a centre back for Sekondi Hasaacas FC.

## Club career

Ainooson began his professional senior club career with New Edubiase United debuting in the 2012–2013 Ghanaian Premier League season and on 1 July 2013, prior to the beginning of the 2013–2014 Ghanaian Premier League season Ainooson signed for Asante Kotoko.

## International career

In November 2013, coach Maxwell Konadu invited Ainooson to be a part of the Ghana squad for the 2013 WAFU Nations Cup. Ainooson helped the Ghana national football team to a first-place finish after Ghana beat Senegal by three goals to one. In 2014, Ainooson was included in the Ghana 23-man team for the 2014 African Nations Championship that won silver.

## Honours
### Club
#### Asante Kotoko

* Ghana Premier League Winner: 2013–14
* Ghanaian FA Cup Winner: 2013–14

### National Team
#### Ghana

* WAFU Nations Cup Winner: 2013
* African Nations Championship Runner-up: 2014
# Hamad Al Harbi

Hamad Hamidi Al Harbi is a Kuwaiti football forward who played for Kuwait in the 2004 Asian Cup. He also played for Al-Salmiya and Al Naser. He started his career in 1997 with Al-Nasr Club and played his first match against Kazma at the age of seventeen and succeeded in scoring 13 goals in his first season (98/97). With Al-Nasr, he won the Al-Kharafi Revitalization Championship in 2000 and third place in the Crown Prince Cup competition. He moved to Salmiya in 2005 for 15,000 Kuwaiti dinars on loan for two seasons, and scored two goals in his first match against Al Sahel in the Kharafi Championship and won with Salmiya third place in this tournament. Harbi participated in the 2006 World Cup qualifiers for his country, scoring three goals.
# Mirza Hashem Khan Ghaffari

Mirza Hashem Khan Ghaffari (Persian: میرزا هاشم خان غفاری) was an Iranian official from the Ghaffari family. Until 1861/62, he managed the private finances of Naser al-Din Shah (r. 1848–1896). He was afterwards appointed to three offices; amin-e khalwat, the custodian of the personal estate of the shah, which was a newly created title and office which would remain exclusive to the Ghaffari family; the chief of the court personnel; the commander of the royal musketeers; and the dean of the shah's household. In 1871, a seat in the government's Consultative Assembly was granted to Mirza Hashem Khan. Later that year, following the death of Mirza Hashem Khan's brother Farrokh Khan in May, Nasir al-Din Shah appointed him vazir-e hozur and bestowed upon him his brother's title of Amin od-Dowleh.
Mirza Hashem Khan died in 1877 and was buried in the city of Qom. He had two sons who also served in the administration, Mohammad Khan Eqbal od-Dowleh and Gholam-Hossein Khan Ghaffari.
# Tha Connect

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
| HipHopDX | 3/5 |
| RapReviews | 7.5/10 |
Tha Connect is the debut studio album by American rapper Willy Northpole from Phoenix, Arizona. It was released on June 23, 2009 via Disturbing tha Peace. Production was handled by several record producers, including Reefa, Bangladesh, Blac Elvis, LT Moe, Nard & B and Tha Bizness. It features guest appearances from B.o.B., Bobby V and Ne-Yo. The album's first week sales were 80,000. As of October 18, 2009 the album has 250,000 record sales.

## Background

The album concept is the connecting hip hop listeners to a new state, Arizona. The album was in the works for several years and was originally slated for a release of winter 2008, but a conflict with fellow member of DTP Ludacris set the album back to June 2, 2009. Later the album was pushed to June 23, 2009. The album had 50 songs that were slimmed down to 12 songs, taking nearly 6 months. The album had several big hits that were "Too Big" for his first album. The album promotion was set up to be big with commercials during the BET Awards and billboards of the album but once the death of Michael Jackson all the promotion was dropped and the buzz for the album was gone.

## Track listing
### Sample credits

* Track 5 contains samples from "Soldier", performed by Destiny's Child featuring T.I. and Lil Wayne

## Music videos

* Hood Dreamer - (April 13, 2009)
* Body Marked Up - (May 9, 2009)
* Ghetto Tour Guide - (May 11, 2009)
* 1 Side Chick - (July 1, 2009)

## Chart positions

| Chart (2009) | Peak position |
| US Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums (Billboard) | 47 |
| US Top Rap Albums (Billboard) | 21 |
# Nigerian Marketplace

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Allmusic | |
| The Rolling Stone Jazz Record Guide | |
| The Penguin Guide to Jazz Recordings | |
Nigerian Marketplace is a 1981 live album by Oscar Peterson, accompanied by Niels-Henning Ørsted Pedersen and Terry Clarke, recorded at the 1981 Montreux Jazz Festival.

## Personnel
### Performance

* Terry Clarke – drums
* Niels-Henning Ørsted Pedersen – double bass
* Oscar Peterson – piano
# Forficula vicaria

Forficula vicaria is a species of earwigs in the family Forficulidae.
* This earwig-related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
# Joe Walters (English footballer)

Joseph Walters (11 December 1886 – 24 December 1923) was an English professional footballer who played as a forward in the Football League, most notably for Aston Villa and Oldham Athletic. He also played league football for Southend United, Rochdale, Millwall and Crewe Alexandra.

## Personal life

Walters was married with three children. He served as an Air Mechanic 1st Class with the Royal Air Force during the First World War and worked at No. 1 (Southern), No. 9 and No. 10 aircraft repair depots. Walters died of pneumonia in December 1923.

## Career statistics

Appearances and goals by club, season and competition :
| Club | Season | League | League | League | FA Cup | FA Cup | Other | Other | Total | Total |
| Club | Season | Division | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals |
| Aston Villa | 1905–06 | First Division | 7 | 2 | 1 | 0 | ― | ― | 8 | 2 |
| Aston Villa | 1906–07 | First Division | 26 | 6 | 1 | 0 | ― | ― | 27 | 6 |
| Aston Villa | 1907–08 | First Division | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ― | ― | 4 | 0 |
| Aston Villa | 1908–09 | First Division | 15 | 7 | 0 | 0 | ― | ― | 15 | 7 |
| Aston Villa | 1909–10 | First Division | 14 | 6 | 0 | 0 | ― | ― | 14 | 6 |
| Aston Villa | 1910–11 | First Division | 28 | 13 | 2 | 0 | ― | ― | 30 | 13 |
| Aston Villa | 1911–12 | First Division | 19 | 6 | 3 | 0 | ― | ― | 22 | 6 |
| Aston Villa | Total | Total | 113 | 41 | 7 | 0 | ― | ― | 120 | 41 |
| Southend United | 1920–21 | Third Division | 27 | 5 | 4 | 2 | ― | ― | 31 | 7 |
| Millwall | 1921–22 | Third Division | 22 | 5 | 1 | 0 | ― | ― | 23 | 5 |
| Rochdale | 1922–23 | Third Division North | 24 | 6 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 1 | 27 | 7 |
| Career total | Career total | Career total | 186 | 57 | 13 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 201 | 60 |
* ↑ Appearances in Manchester Senior Cup

## Honours

Aston Villa
* Football League First Division: 1909–10