OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Klinga Church

Klinga Church (Norwegian: Klinga kirke) is a parish church of the Church of Norway in Namsos Municipality in Trøndelag county, Norway. It is located in the village of Klinga. It is the church for the Klinga parish which is part of the Namdal prosti (deanery) in the Diocese of Nidaros. The white, wooden church was built in a long church style in 1866 using plans drawn up by the architects Ernst Kulaas and Jacob Wilhelm Nordan. The church seats about 270 people.

## History

The earliest existing historical records of the church date back to the year 1563, but the church was likely built during the 14th century. The first church building was a stave church that was located at Sævik, about 3 kilometres (1.9 mi) to the north of the present church site. Records from 1639 state that the church was very small and fragile, in need of supports for the exterior walls so they would not collapse in a storm. Shortly afterwards, around the year 1640, the choir was expanded. In 1705, the old church was torn down and replaced with a new, larger church on the same site. In 1863, a new church was built in the village of Klinga, about 3 kilometres (1.9 mi) to the south of the historic church site. The new church was consecrated on 7 March 1866. After the new church was put into use, the old church at Sævik was torn down and sold to a private individual who used the materials to build a jetty and boathouse in Namsos. During World War II, the church tower was dismantled (or reduced in size) by the Germans, presumably so that the church would not be a landmark for Allied airplanes. A new tower was designed by Arne Sørvik and was completed in 1948.
# Andreasyan

Andreasyan (Armenian: Անդրեասյան) is an Armenian surname derived from the given name Andreas, equivalent to English Anderson. Notable people with the surname include:
* Arkady Andreasyan (1947–2020), Soviet-Armenian football player
* Karen Andreasyan (born 1977), Armenian lawyer and minister
* Sarik Andreasyan (born 1984), Russian-Armenian film director
* Zhanna Andreasyan (born 1981), Minister of Education, Science, Culture and Sport
# First Lady of Lagos State

The first lady of Lagos State is the advisor to the Lagos State governor, and often plays a role in social activism. The position is traditionally held by the wife of the Lagos State governor, concurrent with his term of office, although the Constitution of Nigeria does not recognize the office of the first lady.
The current first lady is Ibijoke Sanwo-Olu.

## List of First Ladies

Taiwo Adefunmilayo Lawal, wife of Adekunle Lawal (July 1975 – 1977)
Christine Nwanyife Kanu ex-wife of late Ndubuisi Godwin Kanu,Foluke Mudashiru wife of Gbolahan Mudashiru; Josephine Akhigbe wife of Mike Akhigbe; Fatima Raji Rasaki wife of Raji Rasaki; Lady Doja, widow of Michael Otedola; Omolola Oyinlola, wife of Olagunsoye Oyinlola; Munira Marwa, wife of Mohammed Buba Marwa; Oluremi Tinubu, wife of Bola Tinubu; Abimbola Fashola, wife of Babatunde Raji Fashola; and Bolanle Ambode, wife of Akinwunmi Ambode
# Michal Kovačič

Michal Kovačič (born 1983) is a Slovak journalist and talk show host.

## Early life

Born in Bratislava, Kovačič studied law at the Comenius University graduating in 2009. He started as a production assistant before becoming a presenter of the Markíza morning news, later promoted to main news presenter. Between 2007 and 2008, Kovačič was a news presenter on Fun Rádio.

## Career

Kovačič joined the main news team at the private Markíza television station in 2008, but took a short break from broadcasting in 2010 to undertake an internship in the United States on CNN. In 2018, he started hosting the political talk show Na Telo on Markíza, which quickly established itself as the most influential political talk show in Slovakia. In 2022, Kovačič finished eighth place as one of the contestants in Let's Dance.
Following the 2023 Slovak parliamentary election, the government of Slovakia was reported to pressure Markíza to align its narratives with government's point of view through threatening of redirecting advertisement funds from governmental institutions and public-owned firms to other broadcasters. Kovačič emerged amongst the leaders of Markíza journalist, who saw these developments as a censorship attempt. Wanting to resist these pressures, the journalists started to unite with Kovačič as the head of the new trade union organization.
When the government of Slovakia started to boycott Na Telo in April 2024, Kovačič broadcast a short unauthorized speech at the end of Na Telo, accusing the Markíza management for being complicit in the government's agenda of censoring the political content in the media, mirroring the approach of Viktor Orbán in Hungary. Following the broadcast, Kovačič was taken off-screen. Over a hundred of Markíza journalists wrote a letter in support of Kovačič, demanding his return as a host of Na Telo and guarantees of journalistic independence in Markíza broadcasting. He was fired one month after the incident and has since considered legal action.

## Personal life

In 2017, Kovačič married the journalist Zuzana Hanzelová. They spent their honeymoon volunteering in Nicaragua. The couple announced they were expecting their first child in 2024.
# Idel-Ural

Idel-Ural (Tatar: Идел-Урал, romanized: Idel-Ural, Russian: Идель-Урал), literally Volga-Ural, is a historical region in Eastern Europe, in what is today Russia. The name literally means Volga-Urals in the Tatar language. The frequently used Russian variant is Volgo-Uralye (Russian: Волго-Уралье). The term Idel-Ural is often used to designate 6 republics of Russia of this region: Bashkortostan, Chuvashia, Mari El, Mordovia, Tatarstan and Udmurtia, especially in Tatar-language literature or in the context of minority languages.
Idel-Ural is at the center of the Volga Federal District (Поволжье, Povolzhye). The major religions in the region are Islam and Orthodox Christianity.

## History

Before being conquered by the Tsardom of Russia in the 16th century, the region was dominated by native Uralic tribes and a succession of Turkic-led empires, such as Volga Bulgaria, the Khazars, the Golden Horde and the Khanate of Kazan. At the time of Peter the Great's death, in the early 18th century, the region had been made up of roughly 1 million people, with around half being Tatars, Chuvash, and Bashkirs.
# Mazin Al-Farrayeh

Mazen Abdellah Hilal al-Frayeh (born 1969) is the Jordanian Minister of Interior. He was appointed as minister on 7 March 2020.

## Education

Frayeh holds a Bachelor in Public Administration and a Bachelor in Military Sciences from Mutah University. In addition, he holds a Master in Military Sciences from Mubarak al-Abdullah Joint Command and Staff College and a Master in Strategic Studies from the United States Army War College.

## Career

Frayeh was the Vice-Chairman of the National Center for Security and Crisis Management.
Additionally, he was Director of Operations at the General Command and served in the artillery corps of the Jordanian Armed Forces for 25 years and was an instructor and coordination officer at the Royal School of Artillery.
Frayeh was appointed the Director of Operations of the Jordanian crisis cell to deal with the COVID-19 pandemic.
Since 7 March 2020, Frayeh has been the Minister of Interior.
# Andreas Rinkel

Andreas Rinkel (10 January 1889 – 25 March 1979) was a Dutch priest who served as the nineteenth Archbishop of Utrecht from 1937 to 1970.

## Early ministry

Before serving as Archbishop of Utrecht, Rinkel served as a parish priest in Amersfoort, Holland, and as a professor at the seminary there. He was part of the Old Catholic commission that worked toward the reconciliation of the Old Catholic Church with the Anglican Church.

## Archbishop of Utrecht

Following the death of Franciscus Kenninck, Archbishop of Utrecht, on 10 February 1937, Rinkel was consecrated Archbishop of Utrecht at St. Gertrude Cathedral in Utrecht by Bishop Johannes Hermannus Berends of Deventer, assisted by the Old Catholic bishops of Harlem, Germany, Switzerland, and Czechoslovakia.
# Network flow problem

In combinatorial optimization, network flow problems are a class of computational problems in which the input is a flow network (a graph with numerical capacities on its edges), and the goal is to construct a flow, numerical values on each edge that respect the capacity constraints and that have incoming flow equal to outgoing flow at all vertices except for certain designated terminals.
Specific types of network flow problems include:
* The maximum flow problem, in which the goal is to maximize the total amount of flow out of the source terminals and into the sink terminals$^{:166–206}$
* The minimum-cost flow problem, in which the edges have costs as well as capacities and the goal is to achieve a given amount of flow (or a maximum flow) that has the minimum possible cost$^{:294–356}$
* The multi-commodity flow problem, in which one must construct multiple flows for different commodities whose total flow amounts together respect the capacities$^{:649–694}$
* Nowhere-zero flow, a type of flow studied in combinatorics in which the flow amounts are restricted to a finite set of nonzero values
The max-flow min-cut theorem equates the value of a maximum flow to the value of a minimum cut, a partition of the vertices of the flow network that minimizes the total capacity of edges crossing from one side of the partition to the other. Approximate max-flow min-cut theorems provide an extension of this result to multi-commodity flow problems. The Gomory–Hu tree of an undirected flow network provides a concise representation of all minimum cuts between different pairs of terminal vertices.
Algorithms for constructing flows include
* Dinic's algorithm, a strongly polynomial algorithm for maximum flow$^{:221–223}$
* The Edmonds–Karp algorithm, a faster strongly polynomial algorithm for maximum flow
* The Ford–Fulkerson algorithm, a greedy algorithm for maximum flow that is not in general strongly polynomial
* The network simplex algorithm, a method based on linear programming but specialized for network flow$^{:402–460}$
* The out-of-kilter algorithm for minimum-cost flow$^{:326–331}$
* The push–relabel maximum flow algorithm, one of the most efficient known techniques for maximum flow
Otherwise the problem can be formulated as a more conventional linear program or similar and solved using a general purpose optimization solver.
# Bernie Grundman

Bernie Grundman (born 16 December 1943, Minneapolis) is an American audio engineer.
He is most known for his mastering work and his studio, Bernie Grundman Mastering, which he opened in 1984 in Hollywood. The studio, which includes engineers Chris Bellman, Patricia Sullivan, Joe Bozzi, and Mike Bozzi, mastered 37 projects which received Grammy Award nominations in 2005. In 1997, he opened a studio in Tokyo.
Grundman and his studio have both won numerous TEC Awards, including Best Mastering Facility and several production awards.
Previously, Grundman worked for Lester Koenig at Contemporary Records and then was head of the A&M Records mastering department in Los Angeles. Now his studio also has been established in Tokyo, Japan with engineer Yasuji Maeda.

## Select works

| Head to the Sky | 1973 | Earth, Wind & Fire |
| Horizon | 1974 | Carpenters |
| Band Wagon | 1975 | Shigeru Suzuki |
| Aja | 1977 | Steely Dan |
| Grease: The Original Soundtrack from the Motion Picture | 1978 | Various Artists |
| Shadows and Light | 1980 | Joni Mitchell |
| Dirty Mind | 1980 | Prince |
| Controversy | 1981 | Prince |
| Thriller | 1982 | Michael Jackson |
| Purple Rain | 1984 | Prince |
| Down Upbeat | 1984 | Casiopea |
| Soy Como Quiero Ser | 1987 | Luis Miguel |
| Lovesexy | 1988 | Prince |
| 20 Años | 1990 | Luis Miguel |
| Moment of Truth | 1991 | Terri Nunn |
| The Chronic | 1992 | Dr. Dre |
| The Hunter | 1992 | Jennifer Warnes |
| Aries (album) | 1993 | Luis Miguel |
| Alien Love Secrets | 1995 | Steve Vai |
| Me Against the World | 1995 | Tupac Shakur |
| Rata Blanca VII | 1997 | Rata Blanca |
| Como Te Recuerdo | 1998 | Los Temerarios |
| The Charlie Brown Suite & Other Favorites | 2003 | Vince Guaraldi |
| Speakerboxxx/The Love Below | 2003 | OutKast |
| Shadows Collide with People | 2004 | John Frusciante |
| Private Corner | 2010 | Jacky Cheung |
| Breakaway | 2014 | Dark Horse Flyer |
| Seven | 2014 | Lisa Stansfield |
| In My Room | 2016 | Jacob Collier |
| Ultraelectromagneticpop! (25th Anniversary reissue) | 2018 | Eraserheads |
| The Empyrean (10th Anniversary Re-Issue) | 2019 | John Frusciante |
| 1999 (2019 Remaster, Deluxe Edition, and Super Deluxe Edition) | 2019 | Prince |
| Making a Door Less Open | 2020 | Car Seat Headrest |
| Unlimited Love | 2022 | Red Hot Chili Peppers |
| Chocolate and Cheese (Deluxe Edition) | 2024 | Ween |
| Alvvays (10th Anniversary Edition ) | 2024 | Alvvays |
# Saki Hattori

Saki Hattori (born 22 December 1996) is a Japanese female handball player for Sony Semiconductor and the Japanese national team.
She represented Japan at the 2021 World Women's Handball Championship in Spain.
# Gedaliah

Gedaliah (/ɡɛdəˈlaɪ.ə/ or /ɡɪˈdɑːliə/; גְּדַלְיָּה‎ Gəḏalyyā) was a person from the Bible who was a governor of Yehud province. He was also the son of Ahikam, who saved prophet Jeremiah.

## Names

Gedaliah (/ɡɛdəˈlaɪ.ə/ or /ɡɪˈdɑːliə/; Hebrew: גְּדַלְיָּה Gəḏalyyā or גְּדַלְיָהוּ‎ Gəḏalyyāhū; also written Gedalia, Gedallah, Gedalya, or Gedalyah) means "Yah(weh) is Great".

## Background

Gedaliah was the son of Ahikam (who saved the life of the prophet Jeremiah) and the grandson of Shaphan (who is mentioned in relation to the discovery of the scroll of Teaching that some scholars identify as the core of the book of Deuteronomy).

## Governorship

Gedaliah was according to the narratives in the Hebrew Bible's Book of Jeremiah and Second Book of Kings, appointed by Nebuchadnezzar II of Babylon as governor of Yehud province, which was formed after the defeat of the Kingdom of Judah and the destruction of Jerusalem, in a part of the territory that previously formed the kingdom. He was supported by a Chaldean guard stationed at Mizpah. On hearing of the appointment, the Jews that had taken refuge in surrounding countries returned to Judah.
He zealously began to encourage the people to cultivate the fields and vineyards, and thus lay the foundation of security. Many who had fled to neighboring lands during the war of destruction were attracted by the news of the revival of the community. They came to Gedaliah in Mizpah and were warmly welcomed by him.

## Assassination

Ishmael son of Nethaniah, and the ten men who were with him, murdered Gedaliah, together with most of the Jews who had joined him and many Babylonians whom Nebuchadnezzar had left with Gedaliah (Jeremiah 41:2–3). The remaining Judeans feared the vengeance of Nebuchadnezzar and fled to Egypt. Although the dates are not clear from the Bible, this probably happened about 582/1 BCE (Jeremiah 52:30,), some four to five years and three months after the destruction of Jerusalem and the First Temple in 586 BCE.

## Fast of Gedaliah

To lament the assassination of Gedaliah, which left Judah devoid of any Jews and Jewish rule and completed the destruction of the First Temple, the Jewish Sages established the third day of Tishrei as the Fast of Gedaliah. Although Gedaliah's assassination perhaps occurred on the first day of Tishrei, the fast is observed on the third day so as not to coincide with Rosh Hashanah.
# Canon EOS 1300D

The Canon EOS 1300D, known as the Rebel T6 in the Americas or as the Kiss X80 in Japan, is an entry-level 18.0 megapixels digital single-lens reflex camera (DSLR) made by Canon. It was announced on March 10, 2016, with a suggested retail price of US$549.00.
The 1300D is an entry-level DSLR that supersedes the EOS 1200D. A key-added-feature was the introduction of Wi-Fi and near-field connectivity (NFC) for transfer of data to devices such as computers and smartphones.

## Features

* 18.0 effective megapixel APS-C CMOS sensor
* 9 AF points with 1 cross-type point in the center at f/5.6, extra sensitivity at f/2.8 or faster (except when an EF 28-80mm f/2.8-4L USM lens or EF 50mm f/2.5 Compact Macro lens is attached)
* ISO sensitivity 100 – 6400 (expandable to H: 12800)
* 95% viewfinder frame coverage with 0.80× magnification
* 1080p Full HD video recording at 24p, 25p (25 Hz) and 30p (29.97 Hz) with drop frame timing
* 720p HD video recording at 60p (59.94 Hz) and 50p (50 Hz)
* 480p ED video recording at 30p and 25p
* 3.0 frames per second continuous shooting
* 3.0" in 4:3 ratio color TFT LCD screen
* Low Pass Filter
# Crickhowell Rural District

51°51′30″N 3°08′12″W﻿ / ﻿51.85837°N 3.13670°W﻿ / 51.85837; -3.13670
Crickhowell Rural District was a rural district in Brecknockshire (or Breconshire), Wales from 1894 to 1974, covering an area in the south-east of the county around the small town of Crickhowell.

## Origins

The district had its origins in the Crickhowell poor law union, which had been created in 1836, covering Crickhowell itself and several surrounding parishes. In 1872 sanitary districts were established, giving public health and local government responsibilities for rural areas to the existing boards of guardians of poor law unions. Areas with existing urban authorities were excluded from the rural sanitary district, which covered the rest of the poor law union. Parts of the urban local government districts of Brynmawr, Ebbw Vale, Rhymney and Tredegar fell within the Crickhowell poor law union, and were therefore excluded from the Crickhowell rural sanitary district.
The town of Crickhowell itself had no urban authority, and so it was administered as part of the rural sanitary district. The rural sanitary district was administered from Crickhowell Union Workhouse, which had been completed in 1872 (on the site of an earlier workhouse) at the hamlet of Dardy in the parish of Llangattock, about a mile west of Crickhowell itself.
Under the Local Government Act 1894, rural sanitary districts became rural districts from 28 December 1894 with their own elected councils. Crickhowell Rural District Council held its first meeting on 31 December 1894 at the workhouse. The first chairman was Joseph Bailey, a former Conservative MP who had also been the chairman of the Crickhowell Board of Guardians for some years previously.

## Civil parishes

The parishes within the district were:
* Crickhowell
* Grwyne Fawr (absorbed into Partrishow 1934)
* Grwyne Fechan (absorbed into Llanbedr Ystradwy 1934)
* Llanbedr Ystradwy
* Llanelly
* Llanfihangel Cwmdu
* Llangattock
* Llangenny
* Llangynidr
* Partrishow

## Premises

The council initially met at the workhouse, but in 1900 moved its meetings to Crickhowell Town Hall.
A new office building called Beaufort Chambers was built on Beaufort Street in 1906. The rural district council initially took a small suite of offices there for some of its staff, but later expanded to take over the whole building. Council meetings transferred from the Town Hall to a new council chamber at Beaufort Chambers in 1930, and the council bought the building in 1936.

## Abolition

Crickhowell Rural District was abolished in 1974 under the Local Government Act 1972, with the area becoming part of the Borough of Brecknock in the new county of Powys, with the exception of the parish of Llanelly, which was transferred to Blaenau Gwent.
# Rashōmon (Noh play)

Rashōmon (羅生門) is a Noh play by Kanze Nobumitsu (c. 1420). Like other celebrated dramas such as the Maodori-hasi and Ibaraki, it is based on the legend of Watanabe no Tsuna and the demon of Rashōmon.

## Historical setting

The play is set in the context of the final phase of the Heian period, leading up to the rise of rule by the military (by samurai warriors like Tsuna).

## Title, characters, and settings

The title is a pun, which involves the Rajōmon (羅城門) outer castle gate but Kanze changed it by using the kanji shō for "life" rather than the original jō for "castle" (note that 羅城門 was originally read raseimon and 生 can also be read as sei). It is one of the few Noh plays where the supporting waki (脇) rather than the normally leading shite (仕手) dominates the action. It is suggested that this can be attributed to the fact that Nobumitsu used to play waki roles when he was an actor. The shite character in this play only makes an appearance at the end and has no dialogue.
Rashōmon is also a play which follows characters from one venue to another. Act 1 takes place in the dining hall of a general, but in Act 2 the waki character, Tsuna, climbs the Rasho Gate to determine the truth of a story that a demon resides on the gate top.

## Later allusions

Kikaku wrote a haiku based on the play: “Tsuna now is leaving/ Tsuna is on every tongue - / On a rainy night.
This, with the play itself, was used as the basis for a painting by Gekkei (Matsumura Goshun).
# Reclaim The City

Reclaim The City (RTC) is a South African non-racial social movement campaigning for land and housing in Cape Town's inner-city and wealthy suburbs.
Reclaim The City is known for its campaigns for affordable and low-income housing as well as spearheading the occupation of two empty and dilapidated government buildings which it turned into housing for poor and vulnerable families.

## Tafelberg Campaign

Reclaim The City began first as a campaign against the state's sale of a piece of land in Sea Point called Tafelberg to be used for a private school. The movement and its supporters demanded that the land instead be used for affordable housing. With the help of the NGO Ndifuna Ukwazi, they took the Western Cape Government as well as the City of Cape Town to court to stop the sale. They were successful in the Cape High Court with the judgment setting aside the sale.
According to reports, "The court declare[d] that the Province and City have failed in their constitutional duties to provide access to adequate housing and to land on an equitable basis. In doing so, they have 'failed to take adequate steps to redress spatial apartheid in central Cape Town.'" The judgment is currently being appealed to a higher court. RTC is now calling for government to respect the high court ruling and put in place a plan to build affordable housing on the site.

## Occupations of Cissie Gool House and Ahmed Kathrada House

Reclaim The City, along with evicted and houseless residents of the inner city in Cape Town, occupied the old unused Woodstock Hospital in March 2017. They turned the property into a housing occupation for hundreds of families. The occupation has been likened to a modern-day commune in the image of the famous Paris Commune of 1871.
Also in March 2017, Reclaim The City spearheaded a second occupation, that of the former Helen Bowden Nurses Home in the wealthy suburb of Green Point in Cape Town. The property was turned into housing for a few hundred families.
Both occupations have been called a "tool to hold government to account" and have been referred to as "the only affordable housing opportunities for poor and working-class people in the metro".