OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Reciprocal innervation

René Descartes (1596–1650) was one of the first to conceive a model of reciprocal innervation (in 1626) as the principle that provides for the control of agonist and antagonist muscles. Reciprocal innervation describes skeletal muscles as existing in antagonistic pairs, with contraction of one muscle producing forces opposite to those generated by contraction of the other. For example, in the human arm, the triceps acts to extend the lower arm outward while the biceps acts to flex the lower arm inward. To reach optimum efficiency, contraction of opposing muscles must be inhibited while muscles with the desired action are excited. This reciprocal innervation occurs so that the contraction of a muscle results in the simultaneous relaxation of its corresponding antagonist.
A common example of reciprocal innervation, is the effect of the nociceptive (or nocifensive) reflex, or defensive response to pain, otherwise commonly known as the withdrawal reflex; a type of involuntary action of the body to remove the body part from the vicinity of an offending object by contracting the appropriate muscles (usually flexor muscles), while relaxing the extensor muscles, allowing smooth movement.
The concept of reciprocal innervation as applicable to the eye is also known as Sherrington's law (after Charles Scott Sherrington), wherein increased innervation to an extraocular muscle is accompanied by a simultaneous decrease in innervation to its specific antagonist, such as the medial rectus and the lateral rectus in the case of an eye looking to one side of the midline. When looking outward or laterally, the lateral rectus of one eye must contract via increased innervation, while its antagonist, the medial rectus of the same eye - shall relax. The converse would occur in the other eye, both eyes demonstrating the law of reciprocal innervation.
The significance of Descartes’ Law of Reciprocal Innervation has been additionally highlighted by recent research and applications of bioengineering concepts, such as optimal control and quantitative models of the motor impulses sent by the brain to control eye motion.
# List of 1933 motorsport champions

This list of 1933 motorsport champions is a list of national or international auto racing series with a Championship decided by the points or positions earned by a driver from multiple races.

## Open wheel racing

| Series | Driver | Season article |
| AAA National Championship | Louis Meyer | 1933 AAA Championship Car season |

## Motorcycle racing
### Speedway

| Series | Driver | Season article |
| Star Riders' Championship | Tom Farndon | 1933 Star Riders' Championship |
# List of 1940 motorsport champions

This list of 1940 motorsport champions is a list of national or international auto racing series with a Championship decided by the points or positions earned by a driver from multiple races.

## Open wheel racing

| Series | Driver | Season article |
| AAA National Championship | Rex Mays | 1940 AAA Championship Car season |

## Stock car racing

| Series | Driver | Season article |
| Turismo Carretera | Juan Manuel Fangio | 1940 Turismo Carretera |
# Tomáš Mikolov

Tomáš Mikolov is a Czech computer scientist working in the field of machine learning. In March 2020, Mikolov became a senior research scientist at the Czech Institute of Informatics, Robotics and Cybernetics.

## Career

Mikolov obtained his PhD in Computer Science from Brno University of Technology for his work on recurrent neural network-based language models. He is the lead author of the 2013 paper that introduced the Word2vec technique in natural language processing and is an author on the FastText architecture. Mikolov came up with the idea to generate text from neural language models in 2007 and his RNNLM toolkit was the first to demonstrate the capability to train language models on large corpora, resulting in large improvements over the state of the art.
Prior to joining Facebook in 2014, Mikolov worked as a visiting researcher at Johns Hopkins University, Université de Montréal, Microsoft and Google. He left Facebook at some time in 2019/2020 to join the Czech Institute of Informatics, Robotics and Cybernetics.
Mikolov has argued that humanity might be at a greater existential risk if an artificial general intelligence is not developed.
# The Fantasist

The Fantasist is a 1986 thriller film written and directed by Robin Hardy. The film stars Moira Sinise, Christopher Cazenove and Timothy Bottoms. It is based on the 1983 novel Goosefoot by Irish author Patrick McGinley.

## Plot

An Irish woman moves from the suburbs to Dublin and begins receiving phone calls from a stranger while the city is being plagued by a serial killer who uses this method to lure his victims in. Even though she is aware of this, she finds herself drawn to the caller. An American teacher (Timothy Bottoms) living in her building comes under suspicion.

## Cast

* Moira Sinise (credited as Moira Harris) as Patricia Teeling
* Christopher Cazenove as Inspector McMyler
* Timothy Bottoms as Danny Sullivan
* John Kavanagh as Robert Foxley
* Mick Lally as Uncle Lar
* Bairbre Ní Chaoimh as Monica Quigley
* Jim Bartley as Hugh Teeling
* Deirdre Donnelly as Fionnuala Sullivan
* Liam O'Callaghan as Farrelly
* Ronan Wilmot as Patricia's Father
* May Giles as Patricia's Mother
* Se Ledwidge as Patsy Teeling
* Dervla Kirwan as Fiona

## Production

Bob Geldof was originally cast to appear in the film but did not end up being involved in the production.
# Walter Henry Wilson

Walter Henry Wilson (4 November 1839 – 14 May 1904) was an Irish ship designer and one of the founding partners of the firm Harland and Wolff.

## Early life

He was the eldest son and heir of Alexander George Wilson (1797-1856) of Maryville House, Belfast, and Emily Lawrence Boyd. He was a descendant of the Wilsons of Croglin in Dumfriesshire.
Following his education in Belfast, he pursued a career in naval architecture and engineering.

## Career

Wilson became a gentleman apprentice in Robert Hickson's shipyard in 1857, which later became Harland and Wolff. In 1861, Wilson completed his apprenticeship and was given a position in the drawing office; he was appointed chief draughtsman in 1863. Wilson became a sub-manager of the shipyard in 1868 and then general manager of the works in 1870. In 1874 Wilson was made a partner of Harland and Wolff (the firm created out of Hickson's shipyard). Wilson served as partner of the firm alongside Sir Edward Harland, William Pirrie, 1st Viscount Pirrie and Gustav Wilhelm Wolff.
During his time with Harland and Wolff, Wilson made many notable contributions to the development of shipbuilding. Wilson's developments are still considered today to have been the most reliable contributions of the time.
Wilson was appointed to the Northern Counties Committee of Midland Railway and became President of the Belfast Chamber of Commerce in 1904 until his sudden death.

## Personal life

Wilson lived at Stranmillis House before he bought a 20-year lease of Belvoir Park (which was ended in 1918) from Robert de Yarburgh-Bateson, 3rd Baron Deramore in 1900 and also bought Cranmore House, which was close to his original family property Maryville House.
He married Sarah Elizabeth Wynne in 1875 and had one son and six daughters. His son, Alexander George Wilson (1876-1959), succeeded him in the ownership of his property in Belfast.
# Neverbloom

Neverbloom is the debut studio album by Australian metalcore band Make Them Suffer. The album was released on 25 May 2012 through Roadrunner Records and was produced by Roland Lim.

## Critical reception

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| KillYourStereo | Positive |
| Loud | 85/100 |
The album received positive reviews from critics. KillYourStereo gave the album a positive review and stated: "Roadrunner Records obviously considered Make Them Suffer worthy of promotion and Neverbloom for what it's worth seemingly justifies this support. Maybe for you Game of Throne lovers, this can be your unofficial soundtrack. Make Them Suffer's name has slowly yet gradually made its way into the local metal vocabulary over the last 12 to 18 months. Neverbloom thankfully highlights that this regard is for adequate reasons." Loud scored the album 85 out of 100 and said: "Overall, Neverbloom is a venomous and unrelenting offering of deathcore mixed with the band's various influences. Make Them Suffer may well become one of the biggest bands in their genre to come out of Australia."

## Personnel

Credits adapted from Discogs.

### Make Them Suffer

* Sean Harmanis – unclean vocals
* Nick McLernon – lead guitar, backing vocals
* Craig Buckingham – rhythm guitar
* Chris Arias-Real – bass
* Tim Madden – drums
* Louisa Burton – keyboards, piano, clean vocals

### Additional personnel

* Roland Lim – production, mixing

## Charts

Chart performance for Neverbloom :
| Chart (2012) | Peak position |
| Australian Albums (ARIA) | 56 |
# Flora Russell

Flora Magdalen Isabel Russell (28 September 1869 – 23 August 1967) was an English noblewoman, childhood friend of Gertrude Bell.

## Biography

Flora Magdalen Isabel Russell was born on 28 September 1869, the daughter of Lord Arthur Russell and Lady Laura de Peyronnet, daughter of Paul Louis Jules, Vicomte de Peyronnet. Her siblings were: Harold John Hastings Russell; Sir Claud Frederick William Russell; Caroline Diana Rosalind Russell; Maj Gilbert Byng Alwyne Russell; and Conrad George Edward Russell. She was the niece of the 9th Duke of Bedford. Harold John Hastings Russell's daughter, Elizabeth Russell married Richard Plunket Greene and their son, Alexander Plunket Greene, who married Mary Quant, was Flora Russell's favourite grandnephew.
The Russells at the time of Flora's youth were the envy of London. They lived at 2 Audley Square, Mayfair, and their house were frequented by well-known figures like Leslie Stephen and his daughters, Virginia and Vanessa; Mrs Humphry Ward; Henry James and John Singer Sargent; Vera Brittain.
She was briefly engaged to George Stephen, older stepbrother of Virginia Woolf. Hearing the news, Woolf sent a congratulations telegram: "She is an angel" and signed with her family nickname "Goat". The telegram delivered was "She is an aged Goat." George Stephen later commented that he thought Woolf was referring to Flora Russell's reluctance to ally herself with the Stephen family. Woolf denied and said the mistake was due to her handwriting. At the end George Stephen married Lady Margaret Herbert.
She was a watercolour painter and her portrait of Gertrude Bell (1868-1926), traveller, spy and archaeologist, is at the National Portrait Gallery. Bell was a childhood friend and Russell and Bell, together with Russell's sister, Diana, worked together at the Wounded & Missing Enquiry Department (W&MED) office in France. The W&MED, founded by Lord Robert Cecil, was offering tracking services for the men involved in the World War I: killed soldiers whose name wasn't yet official; wounded soldiers in hospital unable to communicate with home; and prisoners. Flora and Diana would take turns so that at least one of them was always in the office.
Having many relatives in the diplomatic corps around the world, while she was travelling she was a guest of the British embassies instead of lodging at hotels.
In 1921 Flora Russell sold for £22,500 (£1,260,856 in 2023 sterling) the townhouse at 2 Audley Square she had inherited from her father to the University Women's Club, which is still housed there. In 1928 she moved to the country, and built "South Down". The house was later bought by her great-nephew, Alexander Plunket Greene, the husband of Mary Quant.
In 1965 Gimson and Eustace recorded Flora Russell, at the time 96 years old, whose speech they regard as a "good example of a certain kind of Victorian English".
Flora Russell died on 23 August 1967, Diana Russell on 31 October 1971, both sisters at 97 years old, unmarried.
# Jewkes

Jewkes is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* John Jewkes, multiple people
* Rachel Jewkes, South African scientist
# David Toledo

José David Toledo Bosquez (born 18 April 1982) is a Mexican former professional footballer who played as a midfielder. He has played in clubs such as Pumas UNAM, Altamira, Atlante, Tigres, Chiapas, Querétaro, Guadalajara, Puebla, and Oaxaca.

## Club career
### Pumas UNAM

Toledo started his professional career with Pumas UNAM in 2001. He made over 80 Primera Division appearances for Pumas.

### Altamira

In 2005, Toledo was sent out on loan to Altamira. He only made two league appearances during his loan spell.

### Atlante

In the 2007–08 Toledo played on loan at Atlante F.C. His first goal in the league for the club came on 1 September 2007 in a 2–2 draw with Santos Laguna. He scored the equalizing goal in the 79th minute, 12 minutes after teammate Giancarlo Maldonado had pulled one back for Atlante.

### Tigres

In July 2009, Toledo was sold to Tigres UANL for an undisclosed fee. In 85 league appearances, spanning over four years, Toledo scored twice. His first goal came in a 2–2 draw on 30 January 2010 against Chiapas. He scored in the 51st minute, grabbing one back for Tigres.

### Chiapas

Toledo left Tigres for Chiapas at the beginning of 2013. He was loaned back to the club after his transfer to Querétaro.

### Queretaro

Querétaro purchased Toledo from Chiapas in 2013, but immediately loaned him back to his former club. He never appeared in the league during his tenure at Querétaro.

### Guadalajara

Toledo plays for Guadalajara in the Primera Division de Mexico, following his transfer from Querétaro on 4 June 2014. Toledo made his league debut for his new club on 20 July 2014 in a 1–1 draw with Chiapas. He was subbed off after 60 minutes.

### Puebla

In the summer of 2015, Toledo went out on loan to Puebla. In his two-year loan, he made 51 league appearances, scoring once. That lone goal came in a 3–0 win on 19 February 2017 against his former club Chiapas. It came from the penalty spot in the 62nd minute.

### Oaxaca

In January 2018, Toledo moved to Alebrijes de Oaxaca in the Ascenso MX. He scored his first goal in the league in a 3–0 victory on 13 January 2018 against Correcaminos UAT. It came from the penalty spot in the 16th minute.

## Honours

Atlante
* Primera División de México: Apertura 2007
UNAM
* Primera División de México: Clausura 2004, Apertura 2004, Clausura 2009
Tigres UANL
* Primera División de México: Apertura 2011
# Kitab al-Irshad

Al-Irshad (Persian: ارشاد), also called the Book of Guidance into the Lives of the 12 Imams, is a biography of the lives of the 12 Shia Imams. It describes their historical circumstances, miracles and virtues. The book also includes evidence for Imamates among Shia.

## Author

Shaykh Mufid was a prominent Twelver Shi'a theologian. He was the son of Muallim, and was called Ibn Muallim. Mufid was taught by Al-Shaykh al-Saduq, Ibn Qulawayh, Abu Abdallah al-Basri and al-Rummani. He passed his teachings to his own students, including Sharif al-Murtaza and al-Shaykh al-Tusi. Only 10 of his 200 works have survived, including Amali, Al-Irshad, Al-Muqni'ah, and Tashih al-Itiqadat.

## Content

He described the situation and life of each Imam and the circumstances of each of their deaths. He mentioned the disappearance of the last Muhammad al-Mahdi. The work reflects Mufid's perspective on history and hadith rather than theology or philosophy.
This book begins by praising Allah, prophet Muhammad and Shia's twelve Imams. Nearly half of the book is dedicated to Imam Ali and his characteristics and virtues.

## Translation

This book was translated into English by I.K.A. Howard.
The book is available in many languages such as Arabic, Farsi, Urdu, Hindi, Azeri and German.
# Sadeh Higlo

Sadeh-Higlo (Somali: Saddex Higlo, Arabic: سدح هجل) sometimes spelled as Sadex-Higlo, Sadah-Higlo or Sadex Higla, is a town in the south-central Mudug region of Somalia. The town is located in the state of Galmudug, in the Galkayo District.

## Location

Sadeh-Higlo is located 667 km from Mogadishu and 53 km from Gaalkacyo. The closest major town is Banderadley, which is 16.9 km away.
Sadeh-Higlo goes along the major road artery that connects the South of the country to the North.

## Education

The town has 1 primary school called Sadeh-Higlo Primary School.

## Health Care

Sadeh Higlo residents have access to Saddex Higlo General Hospital as their primary healthcare facility.

## Security

The town has a police force and paramilitary that handle the basic security, law & order of the town and its surroundings. It also has a police training center and police station for the town. The police force consists of 40 officers and was founded by Colonel Abdi Jama Abdullahi Habeeb (Somali: Cabdi Jamac Cabdullahi Xabeeb) who is the Brig. General of the Police Forces of Galmudug Security Force.

## Climate

Sadeh Higlo has a desert climate (BSh) in Köppen-Geiger system. It receives little to no rainfall. The town has an average annual temperature of 27.3 °C with about 160 mm of rainfall annually.
Climate data for Sadeh-Higlo :
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 32.5 (90.5) | 33.4 (92.1) | 35.2 (95.4) | 35.7 (96.3) | 34.7 (94.5) | 33.5 (92.3) | 32.5 (90.5) | 32.7 (90.9) | 33.8 (92.8) | 33.5 (92.3) | 33.7 (92.7) | 33 (91) | 33.7 (92.6) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 18.4 (65.1) | 19.4 (66.9) | 20.4 (68.7) | 22 (72) | 22.7 (72.9) | 22.4 (72.3) | 21.7 (71.1) | 21.7 (71.1) | 22 (72) | 21.6 (70.9) | 20 (68) | 19.2 (66.6) | 21.0 (69.8) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 0 (0) | 1 (0.0) | 1 (0.0) | 33 (1.3) | 52 (2.0) | 3 (0.1) | 0 (0) | 1 (0.0) | 3 (0.1) | 47 (1.9) | 17 (0.7) | 2 (0.1) | 160 (6.2) |
| Source: Climate-Data.org, altitude: 298m ||||||||||||||
# Emmerich station

Emmerich (German: Bahnhof Emmerich) is a railway station in Emmerich am Rhein, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany.

## The Station

Emmerich station is a German railway station close to the Dutch border on the Arnhem-Oberhausen railway in the town of Emmerich. It is served hourly by trains operating the Rhein-IJssel-Express between Arnhem and Düsseldorf.
The station is largely used by freight and features both the Dutch and German voltages on most tracks. In the past all trains had to change from a Dutch to a German locomotive and vice versa at Emmerich, but now there are more Dual Voltage locomotives that can operate in many countries, so through running often happens now without stopping.
The ICE from Amsterdam to Cologne, Frankfurt/Main and Basel all pass through the station without stopping.
With the introduction of ICE 3 trains in 2000 the service between the Netherlands and Emmerich stopped, From the timetable change in December 2005, Dutch train operator Syntus started a weekend service between Arnhem and Emmerich. However, the service was unsuccessful and terminated after 6 months.
In early 2014 platforms 1 and 2 were modernised, including new paving and the construction of a waiting shelter.
In December 2016 Abellio Deutschland began operating the RB35 between Düsseldorf, Duisburg, Emmerich and Arnhem.

## Train services

The station is served by the following service(s):
* Regional services RE 19 Arnhem - Emmerich - Wesel - Oberhausen - Duisburg - Düsseldorf

## Bus Services

A number of bus services are operated by NIAG and LOOK to the surrounding area. These are:
* SB58 (Emmerich - Kleve - Kranenburg - Nijmegen (NL) )
* 88 (Emmerich - Vrasselt - Praest - Rees)
* 91 (Emmerich - 's-Heerenberg (NL) )
* 92 (Emmerich - Speelberg)
* 93 (Emmerich - Vrasselt - Praest)
* 94 (Emmerich - Borghees - Elten)

## Gallery

* RE5 service at Emmerich calls at platform 1
* A freight train passing through Emmerich
* A view of the yard and station from the east
# Shamsuddin Kayumars

Shams ud-Din Kayumars (Persian: شمس الدین کیومرث; c. 1285 – 13 June 1290) was the eleventh sultan of Delhi, and a son of Muiz ud-Din Qaiqabad (a grandson of Balban).

## Life

His father Muiz ud din Qaiqabad was murdered by a Khalji noble, Jalal ud-Din Firuz Khalji, during the Khalji Revolution. Jalal ud-Din assumed the throne after murdering Kayumars, ending the Mamluk dynasty and starting the Khalji dynasty. By that time Qaiqabad was struck down with paralysis and the Turkic nobles had raised his three-year-old son Kayumars to the throne as the Sultan.
# Nikolai Ilyin

Nikolai Ilyin (Russian: Николай Ильин) may refer to:
* Nikolai Ilyin (sniper) (1922-1943), Soviet World War II sniper
* Nikolai Ilyin (Yehowist) (1809-1890), founder of an apocalyptic millenarian movement of the Yehowists
# Bob Holmes (footballer)

Robert Holmes (23 June 1867 – 17 November 1955) was a professional footballer, who played for Preston North End.

## Career

Holmes was the longest–serving survivor of the Preston North End team known as the 'Invincibles' when he died aged 88 in November 1955. His first club was Preston Olympic from 1883. There is no clear record of when he signed for Preston North End. Season 1887–88 was when he came to prominence. He played wing–half in the 1888 FA Cup Final played on 24 March 1888 at Kennington Oval against West Bromwich Albion. Preston North End lost 2–1. In the following month, Holmes made his international debut for England, on 7 April 1888 against Ireland. England won 5–1 at the Ulster Cricket Ground.
Holmes made his League debut on 8 September 1888 at full-back for Preston North End against Burnley at Preston North End's Deepdale ground. Preston won 5–2. When he played as a full–back against Burnley on 8 September 1888 he was 21 years 77 days old; which made him, on the first weekend of League football, Preston North End's youngest player. Holmes played all of Preston's 22 League Championship matches and played in a defence-line that achieved 13 clean-sheets and restricted the opposition to one–League–goal–in–a–match on three separate occasions. He appeared in all five FA Cup ties of season 1888–89 and even scored in an earlier round. He played left–back in the 1889 FA Cup Final which Preston North End won 3–0, defeating Wolverhampton Wanderers thereby achieving the first–ever League and FA Cup double in the first season it could be won. Holmes won League Championship and FA Cup winners medals.
Holmes made seven appearances for England, all at left–back, and was never on the losing side for England. He was made England captain for the match against Wales on 13 March 1894 and he led his team to a 6–0 victory. He later became President of the Football Players' Union, retired at the end of the 1899–1900 season but was retained on the club's books as an amateur. He actually played the last of his 300 games on Boxing Day 1902, when North End lost 2–0 to Manchester City. He scored just one League goal, in 1895. On hanging up his boots he took up refereeing but in December 1903 he resigned his position after securing a business in Preston town centre. In April 1908 he was appointed trainer to the England amateur international team to play in Belgium and Germany over Easter of that year.
After retirement from playing, Holmes became a football trainer, and was the trainer/manager when Blackburn Rovers won their first league title in 1912.
Holmes went on to become known as the "last of the Invincibles" when he was the only surviving member of the 1889 FA Cup final team by the time Preston reached the 1954 final.

## Professional Baseball

Holmes played baseball professionally as a pitcher, for Preston North End Baseball Club in the 1890 National League of Baseball of Great Britain.

## Personal life

Holmes accidentally fell and broke his thigh in 1955. He died of his injury at Preston Royal Infirmary.