OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Javier (surname)

Javier is a surname of the following notable people:

## Athletes

* Al Javier (born 1954) Dominican baseball outfielder
* Beethoven Javier (1947 – 2017), Uruguayan football player and coach
* Chris Javier (born 1992), Filipino basketball player
* Cristian Javier (born 1997), Dominican baseball pitcher for the Houston Astros
* Julián Javier (born 1936), Dominican baseball second baseman
* Kristian Javier (born 1996) American soccer player
* Nelson Javier (born 1985), Dominican badminton player
* Stan Javier (born 1964), Dominican baseball outfielder

## Letters

* Daniel Falcon Javier, Filipino teacher
* Emil Q. Javier (born 1940), Filipino academic

## Politicians

* Evelio Javier (1942–1986), Filipino politician
* Lolita Javier (born 1975), Filipina politician
* Rogelio Rodríguez Javier (born 1958), Mexican politician

## Arts

* Danny Javier (1947–2022), Filipino entertainer
* Dyords Javier, Filipino entertainer
* Geraldine Javier (born 1970), Filipino artist
* Jovany Javier (born 1987), American entertainer
* Mica Javier (born 1993), Filipina singer

## Other

* León de Garro y Javier, Basque nobleman
# Miss Internacional Chile

Miss Internacional Chile is a national beauty pageant that selects Chile's representative to the Miss International pageant.

## History

The Miss Chile International was founded in 1996 by the exclusive of Miss Chile International beauty pageant. The foundation is handing by Giselle Da Costa and Vincent Camacho. The winner is expected to represent Chile at Miss International competition.

## Titleholders
### Color key

* Declared as Winner
* Ended as runner-up
* Ended as one of the finalists or semifinalists
| Year | Miss International Chile | Placement at Miss International |
| 2024 | Kelsey Kohler | Unplaced |
| 2023 | Valerie Johnson | Unplaced |
| 2022 | Catalina Huenulao | Unplaced |
| Due to the impact of COVID-19 pandemic, no competition held between 2020—2021 |||
| 2019 | Ximena Huala | Unplaced |
| 2018 | Maria Pia Vilches | Unplaced |
| 2017 | Estefania Galeota | Unplaced |
| 2014 | Tania Dahuabe | Unplaced |
| 2010 | Tanya del Solar Prussing | Unplaced |
| 2007 | Mary Ann Salas Gorboi | Top 15 |
| 2004 | Francisca Valenzuela Rendic | Unplaced |
| 2003 | Christiane Balmelli Fournier | Unplaced |
| 2001 | Paula Orchard | Top 12 |
| 1996 | Alexandra de Granade Errázuriz | Unplaced |
| 1980 | Mónica Salinas Ruiz | 4th Runner-up |
| 1979 | Paulina Quiroga | Unplaced |
| 1978 | Marianela Toledo Rojas | Unplaced |
| 1977 | Silvia Ebner Cataldo | Unplaced |
| 1976 | María Antonieta Rosselló | Unplaced |
| 1975 | Ana Papic Marinovic | Unplaced |
| 1974 | María del Carmen Bono | Unplaced |
| 1973 | Ethel Klenner Rodríguez | Unplaced |
| 1972 | Pamela Santibáñez Berg | Unplaced |
| 1971 | Alicia Vicuña | Unplaced |
| 1970 | Berta Goldsmith | Unplaced |
| 1965 | Matilde Von Saint George González | Unplaced |
# List of 2023–24 RFU Championship transfers

This is a list of player transfers involving RFU Championship teams before or during the 2023–24 season. The list is of deals that are confirmed and are either from or to a rugby union team in the Championship during the 2023–24 season. It is not unknown for confirmed deals to be cancelled at a later date.
No clubs were promoted to the Gallagher Premiership for the 2023–24 season. On 1 May 2023, Cambridge were promoted to the RFU Championship, whilst Richmond were relegated to National League 1 for the 2023–24 season.
Transfers involving Jersey Reds, which finished the 2022–23 season, are documented on this list – however, the club will not compete in 2023–24, after withdrawing from the league on 28 September 2023, prior to the beginning of the season, due to insufficient funds to continue operating.
# Gaspar Vega (footballer)

Gaspar Ignacio Vega (born 19 June 1992) is an Argentine professional footballer who plays as a midfielder for Mushuc Runa.
# Miss Internacional Italia

Miss Internacional Italia or "Miss International Italy" is an Italian beauty pageant in Italy that selects the Italian representative for the Miss International pageant. The pageant was first organized in 2008 and it is unrelated to Miss Italy or Miss Universo Italia, although some delegates have crossed over from one format to the other throughout the years.

## History

Italy started to compete in 1960 until 1992 with Nicole Cinquetti as the last representative. Between 1993 and 2007, Italy did not compete at the Miss International. Begin in 2008 with Luna Voce as the first winner in that year, Italy starts to compete again. Prior to create Miss International Italia pageant, the candidate picked from Miss Italy Runner-up.

## Titleholders

| Year | Miss International Italia | Province | Placement |
| 2008 | Luna Voce | Calabria | Unplaced |
| 2010 | Veronica Tiziani Iafelice | Emilia-Romagna | Unplaced |
| 2011 | Anthea Luca | Emilia-Romagna | Unplaced |
| 2012 | Giulia Masala | Sardinia | Unplaced |
| 2013 | Sara Cavagnari | Emilia-Romagna | Unplaced |
| 2014 | Giulia Brazzarola | Veneto | Unplaced |
| 2015 | Valentina Paganotto | Piedmont | Unplaced |
| 2019 | Francesca Giordano | Lazio | Unplaced |
| 2022 | Beatrice Nardi | Lazio | Unplaced |
| 2024 | Eva Shostak | Viterbo | Unplaced |
# Ferdinand Voegele

Ferdinand Voegele (born 12 February 1896 in Hollfeld, Kingdom of Bavaria; died after 1946) was a German philologist and linguistic cryptanalyst, before and during the time of World War II and who would eventually lead the cipher bureau of the Luftwaffe Signal Intelligence Service (German: Oberbefehlshaber der Luftwaffe).

## Life

During World War I he served as a volunteer. Later he studied oriental languages at various German universities, finally specializing in Philology. Using his language skills, he started work in an export business. Eventually moving abroad for several years, but returned in the summer of 1935, when he was offered a position as an interpreter with the German Air Ministry.

## Military Work

Between July and September 1935, he undertook training near Kladow, near Berlin in Morse Telegraphy (Wireless telegraphy), German cryptographic procedures and radio communications. In October 1935, he posted to a fixed intercept station of the Army at Stuttgart until January 1936. During his time there, he translated plain-language radio messages from French Army and Air Force. In addition, he was employed on evaluation and traffic analysis. Between March and April 1936, he was ordered to a two-month maneuver employed as an airborne radio operators with KG254 in Kitzingen. His grade during this time was Officer candidate.

### First Success

From May to October 15 he succeeded in breaking the recipherment used in conjunction with a French 3 digit code, the basis of which had already been largely reconstructed. After the start of the Spanish Civil War he solved many 4-alphabetic Substitution ciphers.
On 15 October, Voegele was transferred to a new Luftwaffe Intercept Station (Codename:W-15) (Stadelheim Transmitter) close to Munich, where he translated French, Italian and Yugoslavia intercepts.

### Chi-Stelle

On 1 January 1937, he was assigned to the newly created cipher bureau (German: Chi-Stelle) within Referat K and made Chief of all cryptanalytic work (Cryptanalysis) on 1 January 1937. He was assigned as an assistant, Edward Von Lingen who had learned Russian Army cryptanalysis while at the German Army intercept station in Treuenbrietzen. When Voegele joined Chi-Stelle it consisted of 12 people.
During the remainder of the year, Voegele worked on Spanish cyphers as part of monitoring the Republicans in the Spanish Civil War. He also worked on several Czechoslovakian bigraphic procedures (Polygraphic substitution), and on breaking the Czechoslovakian Air Force double-transposition, where the message count only amounted to 10-25 messages per day.
Voegele was known to have worked on a number of cyphers during the course of the war. These included the Government Telegraph Code, India Code, Syko, the RAF 4-digit code, Aircraft Movement Code in Autumn 1942, Bomber Code in Winter 1942, January 1943, Slidex in May 1943, Aircraft Reporting Code from July 1943, UCO Weather Code from May 1944 and Weather Codes throughout the war. Typex was attempted by Voegele in the early 1940s.
Ferdinand Voegele disappears from the historical record after the end of the war.
# Yardena

Yardena (Hebrew: יַרְדֵּנָה) is a moshav in northern Israel. Located on route 90, 13 kilometers north of Beit She'an, it falls under the jurisdiction of Valley of Springs Regional Council. In 2022 it had a population of 384.

## History

Yardena was founded in 1952 by immigrants to Israel from Iraqi Kurdistan. It is named "Yardena" (Jordan in Hebrew) because it is on the Jordan River. A school in the moshav been converted into the Center for Kurdistan Cultural Heritage.
# Broken Record

Broken record commonly refers to a skipping record, or to a person who, similarly, keeps repeating the same thing.
Broken Record may also refer to:

## Music

* Broken Records (band), an indie folk band from Edinburgh, Scotland
* Broken Records (record label), a Christian record label

### Albums

* Broken Record (album), a 2010 album by Lloyd Cole
* Broken Record, a 2019 album by gospel singer Travis Greene
* Broken Record (EP), a 2013 EP by Jayme Dee

### Songs

* "Broken Record" (Katy B song), a 2011 song by Katy B from the album On a Mission
* "Broken Record" (Little Boots song), 2013
* "Broken Record", a 2017 song by Hollywood Undead from the album Five
* "Broken Record", a 2017 song by Alex Mendham & His Orchestra from the album On With The Show
* "Broken Record", a 2012 song by Call Me No One from the album Last Parade
* "Broken Record", a 2011 song by Corey Smith
* "Broken Record", the title song by Jayme Dee from the aforementioned EP of the same name
* "Broken Record", a 2010 song by Plain White T's from the album Wonders of the Younger
* "Broken Record", a 1998 song by The Posies from album Alive Before the Iceberg
* "Broken Record", a 2014 song by Shakira from the album Shakira
* "Broken Record", a song by Van Morrison from Versatile 2017
* "Broken Records", a song by Eric Burdon from the album My Secret Life

## Other uses

* Broken record (assertiveness), a technique of Systematic Assertiveness Therapy
* A world record (or other similar record) that has been surpassed
* Broken Record, the autobiography of Roy Campbell, 1934
* Broken Record (film), a 2014 British film
* Broken Record Podcast by Rick Rubin
# Nicolas Grandjean

Nicolas Grandjean (born February 14, 1967) is a French and Swiss professor of physics. His achievements include over 600 articles.

## Biography

Grandjean was born in Dijon, France, and is a French and Swiss citizen. He studied at the University of Clermont-Ferrand and the Université Nice-Sophia-Antipolis. In 1991, he joined the Solid-State Physics and Solar Energy Laboratory, a division of the French National Center for Scientific Research where he studied semiconductor nanostructures. By 1994 he obtained his Ph.D. and became a CNRS winner. Later on, as a senior research fellow, he worked at the Research Center for Heteroepitaxy and its Applications, a division of CNRS in Sophia Antipolis. In 2004, he became a tenure-track professor at the École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne becoming a director of the Laboratory of Advanced Semiconductors for Photonics and Electronics where he still serves. He was promoted Full Professor in 2010. From 2012 to 2016, he was the director of the Institute of Condensed Matter. Since 2019, he is a board member of Riber, a world's leading supplier of Molecular Beam Epitaxy (MBE) products.

## Research

In 1999, he along with his colleagues, have discovered that combining gallium nitride (GaN) and quantum dots (QDs) into aluminum nitride (AIN) matrix, produces a glowing white light. In 2006, his group and colleagues at the University of Southampton reported polariton lasing at room-temperature.
# European Social Movement

The European Social Movement (German: Europäische soziale Bewegung, ESB) was a neo-fascist European political alliance set up in 1951 to promote pan-European nationalism.

## History

The ESB had its origins in the emergence of the Italian Social Movement (MSI), which established contacts with like-minded smaller groups in Europe during the late 1940s, setting up European Study Center and publishing a magazine Europa Unita. On the back of this work they organised a conference in Rome in 1950 which was attended by Oswald Mosley, whose Union Movement was advocating closer European unity with its Europe a Nation policy, representatives of the Falange, allies of Gaston-Armand Amaudruz and other leading figures from the far-right. After submitting plans for a centrally organised Europe a second congress followed in 1951 at Malmö, the home of Per Engdahl, where it was agreed that the ESB would be set up as an alliance to this end. Engdahl was chosen as leader of a four-man council to head up the group, also featuring MSI leader Augusto De Marsanich, French writer Maurice Bardèche and German activist Karl-Heinz Priester.
The ESB suffered early setbacks however, arguing that a war against communism was, at least initially, impractical for a united Europe, whilst some delegates felt that racialism had not been sufficiently underlined as necessary for the new Europe. These problems proved particularly acute for some members of the French Comité National Français, with leading members René Binet and Maurice Bardèche quitting both the French group and the ESB as a whole, before becoming instrumental in the formation of the New European Order.
Continuing its activity despite the split, the ESB encountered difficulties in 1956 when a delegate was invited to the annual conference of the MSI. Following his attendance he recommended a total split from the MSI, whom he accused of being too preoccupied with Italian politics to be of use to pan-Europeanism. With divisions growing and competition from other movements biting the movement had largely become moribund by 1957. Its role was later taken over by the similar National Party of Europe, in a more formalised organisation.

## Ideology

The ESB advocated the construction of an anti-communist and corporatist European empire, with common rules on defence and economy, under the leadership of a leader appointed by plebiscite.

## Members

| Country | Party | Leader | National MPs |
| West Germany | German Social Movement | Karl-Heinz Priester | 0 / 402 |
| Italy | Italian Social Movement | Augusto De Marsanich | 6 / 574 |
| Spain | Falange Española Tradicionalista y de las JONS | Francisco Franco | 556 / 556 |
| Sweden | New Swedish Movement | Per Engdahl | 0 / 230 |
| United Kingdom | Union Movement | Oswald Mosley | 0 / 650 |
# Luis Martínez Noval

Luis Martínez Noval (3 July 1948 – 30 March 2013) was a Spanish economist and politician who was a member of the Spanish Socialist Workers' Party and served from 1990 to 1993 as Spain's Minister of Labor.

## Early life and career

Noval was born in Infiesto, capital of the Asturian council of Piloña. After graduating from Colegio de la Inmaculada of Gijón in 1965, he studied economics at the University of Oviedo from which he graduated with a degree in Economic Sciences. He then served as a non-tenured professor of Economic Theory at his alma mater before deciding to devote himself exclusively to his work as a professional politician in the region. In 1981, he was elected as the Deputy Secretary-General of the Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE) of Asturias of which he was a member since 1978. From 1988 to 2000 Noval was a general secretary of the same party and then became a member of its Federal Executive Commission. From October 1982 to November 2001 he served as the party's Deputy to the Cortes of Asturias. On 2 May 1990, Noval was appointed as Minister of Labor and Social Security of the Government of Spain by Felipe González and served on this position until 14 July 1993. Following the expiration of his term, he became a Chairman of the Committee on Social Policy and Employment of the Congress of Deputies and from 1996 to 1999 was spokesman for the party. In 2001, the PSOE appointed him a member of the Court of Auditors.

## Death

On 29 March 2013, Noval fell on the street in Oviedo during which he sustained a severe head wound. He was rushed to the Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias [es] where, following an unsuccessful operation, at the age of 64, he was pronounced dead the next morning.
# Stalin (Scheme implementation)

In computing, Stalin (STAtic Language ImplementatioN) is a programming language, an aggressive optimizing batch whole-program Scheme compiler written by Jeffrey Mark Siskind. It uses advanced data flow analysis and type inference and a variety of other optimization methods to produce code. Stalin is intended for production use in generating an optimized executable.
The compiler runs slowly, with little or no support for debugging or other niceties. Full R4RS Scheme is supported, with a few minor and rarely encountered omissions. Interfacing to external C libraries is straightforward. The compiler does lifetime analysis and hence does not generate as much garbage as might be expected, but global reclamation of storage is done using the Boehm garbage collector.
The name is a joke: "Stalin brutally optimizes."
Stalin is free and open-source software, licensed under a GNU General Public License (GPL), and is available online.
# Near miss

Near miss may refer to:
* Near miss (safety), an unplanned event that did not result in injury, illness, or damage - but had the potential to do so
* Near-miss effect, a psychological effect in gambling
* Near-Earth object, an asteroid or meteorite that barely misses the earth or another body
* Near-miss Johnson solid, a type of geometric shape
* Near Miss (band), an American punk band
# Bethel AME Church (Davenport, Iowa)

Bethel A.M.E. Church is located in Davenport, Iowa, United States. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1983.

## History

The African Methodist Episcopal Church congregation was founded in Davenport in November 1865 and it was incorporated on January 1, 1866. Their first location was at the corner of Fourth and Gaines Street. Not only was it the first of several small churches that were founded by the Black community in Davenport after the conclusion of the American Civil War, it was the first in the State of Iowa. The black community itself was relatively small and scattered in Davenport until the 1920s. The trustees were Emanuel Franklin, P.C. Cooper, Hy Simon and William Van Duzer.
The property at the corner of Eleventh and Ripley Streets was purchased in 1875 for $1,800. In 1909 the congregation finished the current church building in the heart of the city's African-American Community, which at the time had grown to 50 congregants. Before its completion, services were held in the building's basement. At the time it was constructed the congregation changed its name to Bethel A.M.E. Church. William W. Williams was the pastor during this period.

## Architecture

The Davenport architectural firm of Clausen & Clausen designed the building using two styles that are typically found in home construction: Bungalow and American Craftsman styles. The choice seems appropriate for a denomination that emphasizes simplicity and avoidance of ceremony and symbolism. The building also features round-arch, stained glass windows that recall the Romanesque Revival style, and more typical of ecclesiastical architecture, rather than rectilinear windows. The interior features barrel vaulting over the nave and a domed apse in the back of the sanctuary.
# Indian Army Dental Corps

The Army Dental Corps (ADCorps) is a specialist Corps in the Indian Army which primarily provides dental services to all Army personnel and veterans, along with their families.

## History

History of dentistry in India dates back to vedic era. Patanjali and Sushruta were vedic era surgeons who wrote about extraction of teeth, forceps, transplantation of teeth from captured or dead enemies, and reconstruction of jaws, face and nose damaged in the acts of war or violence. Earlier Indians used to maintain dental hygiene. They used datun, especially from neem and babool twigs, to clean their teeth. Indians also used false teeth. In 1193, CE the body of Jayachandra was identified by his false teeth. Indians did not use refined sugar or crystal sugar and instances of dental caries were low. Refined sugar or crystal sugar were introduced by the British Raj in 19th century, and started to be used more commonly only after World War II. Consequently, tooth decay among Indians increased with the usage of these from 20% population in 1950 to 50% by 1970 and 70% by 1990s.
Western medical practice reached India in 1600 CE with the first fleet of the British East India Company, consisting of five ships, each of which had two barber surgeons. They established shore-based factories for trade and progressively gained their colonial rule over India. In 1822, CE, first western-style medical institute for training was opened at Calcutta, which became Medical College and Hospital, Kolkata. First–ever dental college was established in England in 1855. Dr. Rafiuddin Ahmed, who is considered father of dentistry in India, established first–ever recognised dental institute in India in 1925 after obtaining his Doctor of Dental Surgery degree from University of Iowa.
Dentistry was part of British colonial rule's Indian Medical Service (IMS). The first Indian who joined the IMS was Dr. S.C.G. Chukerbutty in 1855. Regular dental treatment for British troops in India started in 1905 when special pay was paid to medical officers, including dentists. Between the First and Second World Wars, many British military officers of British Raj and their families did not want to be treated by the Indian doctors of IMS. However, the shortage of doctors due to the outbreak of World War II forced the British Raj to recruit Indian doctors not only as the lower grade IMD (Indian Medical Department) but also as the higher grade of IMS, which was previously available only to British nationals. After 1940, when it was decided that a large number of otherwise fit candidates who got rejected due to tooth decay could be easily recruited, the Indian Army Dental Corps (IADC) expanded significantly.

## Recruitment

Physically fit candidates can apply for the recruitment in the AD Corps after the completion of either the Bachelor of Dental Surgery or Masters Dental Surgery (MDS) degrees and applying for the job. The MDS degree can only be pursued after passing the NEET MDS Exam. Information on application can be found on a brochure made available through the Indian Army website.
# Zalesie Borowe

Zalesie Borowe is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Serock, within Legionowo County, Masovian Voivodeship, in east-central Poland. The population as of 2023 is 65.