# Jeju City

Jeju City (Korean: 제주시, romanized: Jeju-si; Korean pronunciation:) is the capital of the Jeju Province in South Korea and the largest city on Jeju Island. The city is served by Jeju International Airport (IATA code CJU).
Located on an island off the Korean Peninsula, Jeju has mild, warm weather during much of the year. The city is a well-known resort, with prestigious hotels and public casino facilities. In 2011, 9.9 million passengers flew between the two cities of Seoul and Jeju, making the Gimpo–Jeju route the world's busiest passenger air route.
Jeju welcomes over ten million visitors every year, mainly from the South Korean mainland, Japan, and China. The population of Jeju City is 486,604 people and 225,139 households (244,468 men and 245,136 women, May 2024). The population density is 503.18 (per square km, 2020).

## History

The area of the city has played a central role in Jeju since before recorded history. The Samseonghyeol, holes from which the three ancestors of the Jeju people are said to have come, are located in downtown Jeju City.
During the Japanese rule of Korea, Jeju was renamed to Saishū.
The city has grown quite rapidly since the 1970s. Shin Jeju (신제주), or "new Jeju", was created some decades ago, up the hill from the airport and houses many government buildings. The thatched roof buildings that were common throughout the city until the 1970s are gradually disappearing.
The city was separated from Bukjeju County in 1955. However, in 2005 Jeju Province voters approved a proposal to merge the city with Bukjeju County, also merging Seogwipo with Namjeju County to create two large cities directly administered by the province. That change was put into effect in July 2006.
In 2012 Sang-Oh Kim became mayor; he was formerly the Jeju regional president of National Agricultural Cooperative Federation.

## Transportation

Jeju City is the principal transportation center for Jeju Province. It is home to the island's sole airport, Jeju International Airport; the Jeju-Seoul route is the world's busiest airline route.
In addition, its port is the largest on the island, serving the great majority of passenger and cargo vessels that visit the island. It also stands at the center of the island's road network. To travel throughout the city and island, various buses are available. A bus ride from Jeju City to Seogwipo (the second largest city on the island) is typically an hour.

## Economy

Due to its central position in transportation, Jeju City sees the main share of tourist traffic to the island. Many tourists arrive at the city through the port terminal or airport, stay in the tourist hotels of the Sinjeju neighborhood, and stay within the city to visit various Jeju tourist attractions. These include Dragon's Head Rock (Yongduam [ko]) along the coast; the Samseonghyeol, three holes in the downtown area; Hallasan National Park in the interior; the country's tallest mountain, Hallasan; and world's largest botanical garden, Bunjae Artpia. The 8,500-seat Jeju Baseball Stadium is near the center of the city.
The city also sells many oranges for which Jeju is famous. Jeju City is surrounded by orange and mandarin farms.
Jeju Air has its headquarters in Jeju City.

## Geography

In its former boundaries, Jeju City was 19.3 kilometers from east to west, and 10.2 kilometers from north to south. To the north, it looks across the Korea Strait at the southern coast of South Jeolla Province. To the south, it meets Seogwipo at the top of Hallasan, the island's sole mountain.

## Tourism

The Jeju Olle Trail and Jeju Olle Walking Festival passes through the city.
The island Udo, one of Jeju's most popular tourist attractions, is located off the city's east coast. It received 2.23 million visitors in 2016. Seongsan Ilchulbong, an unusually bowl-shaped mountain, is popular for seeing the first sunrise of the year. Around that time, it hosts a sunrise festival with performances and food.
The city has Jeju Stone Park in Jocheon. The large park focuses on Jeju's cultural use of stones, its mythology, and its shamanism. The Jeju National Museum is located in the city proper, near the center. The Kimnyoung Maze Park is in the city. The Buddhist temple Yakcheonsa has a natural mineral spring claimed to have healing powers, and is one of the largest temples in East Asia. It participates in the Templestay program, where guests can stay at Buddhist temples and experience Buddhist culture.

## Climate

Jeju City has a humid subtropical climate (Köppen: Cfa) with very warm summers and cool winters. In Holdridge classification, Jeju City has a warm temperate moist forest climate. Due to its location, Jeju City is one of the warmest cities in Korea. However, ocean effect snow brings winter precipitation such as snow showers with strong wind during the winter. Precipitation is significant throughout the year, but is much wetter in summer, with more than 180 millimetres (7.1 in) of rain falling in each month from June to September. The highest temperature ever recorded is 37.5 °C (99.5 °F) on 25 July 1942 while the lowest temperature ever recorded is −6.0 °C (21.2 °F) on 16 February 1977.
Climate data for Ildo 1-dong, Jeju City (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1923–present) :
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 23.6 (74.5) | 24.5 (76.1) | 28.1 (82.6) | 30.9 (87.6) | 33.1 (91.6) | 34.5 (94.1) | 37.5 (99.5) | 37.5 (99.5) | 35.1 (95.2) | 32.1 (89.8) | 26.7 (80.1) | 23.3 (73.9) | 37.5 (99.5) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 8.6 (47.5) | 9.9 (49.8) | 13.3 (55.9) | 18.0 (64.4) | 22.1 (71.8) | 24.9 (76.8) | 29.3 (84.7) | 30.1 (86.2) | 26.1 (79.0) | 21.6 (70.9) | 16.4 (61.5) | 11.0 (51.8) | 19.3 (66.7) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 6.1 (43.0) | 6.8 (44.2) | 9.8 (49.6) | 14.2 (57.6) | 18.3 (64.9) | 21.7 (71.1) | 26.2 (79.2) | 27.2 (81.0) | 23.3 (73.9) | 18.6 (65.5) | 13.3 (55.9) | 8.3 (46.9) | 16.2 (61.2) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 3.7 (38.7) | 4.0 (39.2) | 6.6 (43.9) | 10.8 (51.4) | 15.0 (59.0) | 19.1 (66.4) | 23.7 (74.7) | 24.8 (76.6) | 20.9 (69.6) | 15.7 (60.3) | 10.4 (50.7) | 5.6 (42.1) | 13.4 (56.1) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −5.8 (21.6) | −6.0 (21.2) | −4.1 (24.6) | −0.2 (31.6) | 4.0 (39.2) | 9.2 (48.6) | 15.0 (59.0) | 15.8 (60.4) | 9.8 (49.6) | 5.5 (41.9) | 0.5 (32.9) | −3.6 (25.5) | −6.0 (21.2) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 67.5 (2.66) | 57.2 (2.25) | 90.6 (3.57) | 89.7 (3.53) | 95.6 (3.76) | 171.2 (6.74) | 210.2 (8.28) | 272.3 (10.72) | 227.8 (8.97) | 95.1 (3.74) | 69.5 (2.74) | 55.6 (2.19) | 1,502.3 (59.15) |
| Average precipitation days (≥ 0.1 mm) | 12.2 | 10.2 | 10.3 | 9.4 | 9.8 | 11.7 | 11.8 | 13.2 | 11.2 | 6.7 | 9.8 | 11.5 | 127.8 |
| Average snowy days | 7.2 | 4.2 | 1.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.4 | 5.3 | 18.1 |
| Average relative humidity (%) | 64.0 | 63.3 | 63.2 | 64.8 | 68.4 | 77.9 | 78.3 | 76.2 | 73.7 | 66.4 | 65.0 | 64.1 | 68.8 |
| Mean monthly sunshine hours | 70.2 | 110.0 | 166.0 | 196.5 | 212.2 | 159.7 | 189.8 | 195.1 | 158.9 | 173.3 | 123.7 | 79.1 | 1,834.5 |
| Percent possible sunshine | 22.2 | 34.0 | 42.8 | 49.8 | 49.2 | 39.7 | 44.7 | 47.2 | 43.5 | 50.7 | 40.2 | 27.4 | 41.7 |
| Source: Korea Meteorological Administration (percent sunshine 1981–2010) ||||||||||||||
Climate data for Gosan-ri, Hangyeong-myeon, Jeju City (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1988–present) :
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 18.8 (65.8) | 20.1 (68.2) | 21.4 (70.5) | 27.3 (81.1) | 27.5 (81.5) | 29.6 (85.3) | 34.3 (93.7) | 35.5 (95.9) | 32.5 (90.5) | 30.3 (86.5) | 26.8 (80.2) | 21.9 (71.4) | 35.5 (95.9) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 8.4 (47.1) | 9.4 (48.9) | 12.5 (54.5) | 16.7 (62.1) | 20.4 (68.7) | 23.7 (74.7) | 27.4 (81.3) | 29.3 (84.7) | 26.1 (79.0) | 21.4 (70.5) | 16.4 (61.5) | 11.0 (51.8) | 18.6 (65.5) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 6.1 (43.0) | 6.6 (43.9) | 9.4 (48.9) | 13.4 (56.1) | 17.1 (62.8) | 20.7 (69.3) | 24.9 (76.8) | 26.4 (79.5) | 23.0 (73.4) | 18.5 (65.3) | 13.5 (56.3) | 8.5 (47.3) | 15.7 (60.3) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 3.8 (38.8) | 4.1 (39.4) | 6.5 (43.7) | 10.5 (50.9) | 14.3 (57.7) | 18.4 (65.1) | 22.9 (73.2) | 24.1 (75.4) | 20.6 (69.1) | 15.9 (60.6) | 10.9 (51.6) | 5.9 (42.6) | 13.2 (55.8) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −6.2 (20.8) | −3.0 (26.6) | −2.3 (27.9) | 3.3 (37.9) | 9.2 (48.6) | 12.7 (54.9) | 16.8 (62.2) | 17.1 (62.8) | 14.8 (58.6) | 7.3 (45.1) | 0.8 (33.4) | −2.0 (28.4) | −6.2 (20.8) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 40.6 (1.60) | 47.8 (1.88) | 76.2 (3.00) | 94.7 (3.73) | 117.7 (4.63) | 158.1 (6.22) | 167.7 (6.60) | 201.9 (7.95) | 120.4 (4.74) | 56.9 (2.24) | 60.2 (2.37) | 40.7 (1.60) | 1,182.9 (46.57) |
| Average precipitation days (≥ 0.1 mm) | 10.6 | 9.0 | 10.2 | 9.0 | 9.6 | 11.3 | 11.3 | 13.1 | 9.6 | 6.3 | 8.6 | 10.4 | 119 |
| Average snowy days | 5.9 | 3.0 | 1.3 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.3 | 4.0 | 14.5 |
| Average relative humidity (%) | 66.9 | 68.0 | 69.9 | 74.2 | 80.2 | 86.2 | 89.2 | 83.9 | 77.8 | 69.7 | 67.9 | 66.5 | 75.0 |
| Mean monthly sunshine hours | 95.4 | 131.0 | 175.4 | 196.3 | 205.3 | 156.0 | 172.6 | 219.7 | 187.4 | 206.6 | 150.7 | 106.3 | 2,002.7 |
| Percent possible sunshine | 28.7 | 40.7 | 45.0 | 50.3 | 46.9 | 36.8 | 40.4 | 52.0 | 50.5 | 58.8 | 48.9 | 34.9 | 44.7 |
| Source: Korea Meteorological Administration (snow and percent sunshine 1981–2010) ||||||||||||||
Climate data for Chuja Islands, Jeju City (1993–2020 normals) :
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 7.2 (45.0) | 8.4 (47.1) | 11.5 (52.7) | 15.6 (60.1) | 19.4 (66.9) | 22.8 (73.0) | 26.8 (80.2) | 28.9 (84.0) | 25.5 (77.9) | 21.0 (69.8) | 15.3 (59.5) | 9.7 (49.5) | 17.7 (63.9) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 5.0 (41.0) | 5.7 (42.3) | 8.6 (47.5) | 12.5 (54.5) | 16.3 (61.3) | 19.9 (67.8) | 24.3 (75.7) | 26.2 (79.2) | 22.9 (73.2) | 18.4 (65.1) | 12.8 (55.0) | 7.5 (45.5) | 15.0 (59.0) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 2.8 (37.0) | 3.3 (37.9) | 6.0 (42.8) | 10.0 (50.0) | 13.9 (57.0) | 17.8 (64.0) | 22.2 (72.0) | 24.2 (75.6) | 21.1 (70.0) | 16.4 (61.5) | 10.6 (51.1) | 5.1 (41.2) | 12.8 (55.0) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 27.2 (1.07) | 40.3 (1.59) | 73.0 (2.87) | 79.6 (3.13) | 92.5 (3.64) | 152.7 (6.01) | 190.3 (7.49) | 201.8 (7.94) | 132.9 (5.23) | 57.9 (2.28) | 46.6 (1.83) | 32.9 (1.30) | 1,127.7 (44.40) |
| Average precipitation days (≥ 0.1 mm) | 5.9 | 5.5 | 7.0 | 7.7 | 7.8 | 8.8 | 9.1 | 8.5 | 6.9 | 4.6 | 5.9 | 7.4 | 85.1 |
| Source: Korea Meteorological Administration ||||||||||||||
Climate data for Jeju :
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Average sea temperature °C (°F) | 14.7 (58.5) | 13.6 (56.5) | 13.3 (55.9) | 14.6 (58.3) | 16.7 (62.1) | 20.6 (69.1) | 24.4 (75.9) | 26.1 (79.0) | 24.5 (76.1) | 21.8 (71.2) | 18.9 (66.0) | 15.9 (60.6) | 18.8 (65.8) |
| Mean daily daylight hours | 10.0 | 11.0 | 12.0 | 13.0 | 14.0 | 14.0 | 14.0 | 13.0 | 12.0 | 11.0 | 10.0 | 10.0 | 12.0 |
| Average Ultraviolet index | 3 | 4 | 6 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 10 | 8 | 6 | 4 | 3 | 6.8 |
| Source #1: seatemperature.org ||||||||||||||
| Source #2: Weather Atlas ||||||||||||||

## Administrative divisions

Jeju is divided into 19 neighbourhoods (dong), 4 towns (eup), and 3 townships (myeon):
| Town/township | (Korean) | population (2024) |
| Aewol-eup | 애월읍 | 38,009 |
| Gujwa-eup | 구좌읍 | 15,203 |
| Hallim-eup | 한림읍 | 20,467 |
| Jocheon-eup | 조천읍 | 25,918 |
| Chuja-myeon | 추자면 | 1,580 |
| Hangyeong-myeon | 한경면 | 9,563 |
| Udo-myeon | 우도면 | 1,583 |
| Neighborhood | (Korean) | population (2024) |
| Ara-dong | 아라동 | 40,448 |
| Bonggae-dong | 봉개동 | 5,166 |
| Dodu-dong | 도두동 | 3,266 |
| Geonip-dong | 건입동 | 8,622 |
| Hwabuk-dong | 화북동 | 23,101 |
| Ido-1-dong | 이도1동 | 7,631 |
| Ido-2-dong | 이도2동 | 48,579 |
| Iho-dong | 이호동 | 4,380 |
| Ildo-1-dong | 일도1동 | 2,194 |
| Ildo-2-dong | 일도2동 | 31,273 |
| Nohyeong-dong | 노형동 | 54,954 |
| Oedo-dong | 외도동 | 22,398 |
| Ora-dong | 오라동 | 16,037 |
| Samdo-1-dong | 삼도1동 | 12,917 |
| Samdo-2-dong | 삼도2동 | 7,815 |
| Samyang-dong | 삼양동 | 22,885 |
| Yeon-dong | 연동 | 42,569 |
| Yongdam-1-dong | 용담1동 | 6,730 |
| Yongdam-2-dong | 용담2동 | 13,956 |

## Twin towns – sister cities

Jeju City is twinned with:
* Guilin, Guangxi, China
* Laizhou, Shandong, China
* Rouen, France
* Sanda, Japan
* Santa Rosa, United States
* Wakayama, Japan

### Friendship cities

* Tokyo, Japan
* Beppu, Japan
* Hunchun, Jilin, China
* Kunshan, Jiangsu, China
* Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
* Shanghai, China
* Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
* Dubai, United Arab Emirates
* Wellington, New Zealand
* Taipei, Taiwan

### Memorandum of Understanding

* Ulm, Germany