OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Bank Notes (Scotland) Act 1765

The Bank Notes (Scotland) Act 1765 (5 Geo. 3. c. 49) was an Act of the Parliament of Great Britain that introduced restrictions on the use of banknotes by the Scottish banks. The act was from the Fourth Session of the Twelfth Parliament of Great Britain at Westminster; beginning May 19, 1761 and lasting until January 10, 1765.
The Bank of Scotland had introduced an "optional clause" on their banknotes in 1730 whereby its conversion into gold on demand could be delayed for up to 6 months, at which point the face value plus 5% should be payable.$^{:24}$ By the 1760s similar clauses were being adopted by the competitor banks in Scotland.$^{:26}$ An observed consequence was that in 1762–4 the banknotes had been trading at 4% below the gold coin value. Use of such clauses was prohibited by the 1765 Act.
The Act also stipulated that banknotes should not be issued for sums under £1. Prior to the Act, some banks had been issuing notes for amounts as low as one shilling or even one penny.
The Act was repealed in 1993.
# Caralophia

Caralophia loxochila, the Slantlip eel, is a species of eel in the family Ophichthidae. It is the only member of its genus. It is found in the western Atlantic Ocean in shallow waters around the Florida Keys, Bahamas and Brazil.
# Apristurus ovicorrugatus

The ridged-egg catshark (Apristurus ovicorrugatus) is a species of shark belonging to the family Pentanchidae, the deepwater catsharks. This shark is found in the deep waters off northwestern Australia. The species name refers to the ridges on the egg case. Egg cases belonging to this species had been documented as early as the 1980s, but could not be matched to any species of Australian shark until scientists examined a shark specimen of previously uncertain identity in the CSIRO collection. The holotype is a gravid female collected northwest of the Dampier Archipelago, Western Australia, in 1992.
# Meerbusch Challenger

The Meerbusch Challenger (known as Tennis Open Stadtwerke Meerbusch for sponsorship reasons) is a professional tennis tournament played on outdoor red clay courts. It is currently part of the Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP) Challenger Tour. It is held annually at Sportpark Büderich – am Eisenbrand in Meerbusch, Germany since 2013.

## Past finals
### Singles

| Year | Champion | Runner-up | Score |
| 2023 | Jan Choinski | Camilo Ugo Carabelli | 6–4, 6–0 |
| 2022 | Bernabé Zapata Miralles | Dennis Novak | 6–1, 6–2 |
| 2021 | Tomás Barrios Vera | Juan Manuel Cerúndolo | 7–6$^{(9–7)}$, 6–3 |
| 2020 | Not held | Not held | Not held |
| 2019 | Pedro Sousa | Peđa Krstin | 7–6$^{(7–4)}$, 4–6, 6–3 |
| 2018 | Filip Horanský | Jan Choinski | 6–7$^{(7–9)}$, 6–3, 6–3 |
| 2017 | Ricardo Ojeda Lara | Andreas Haider-Maurer | 6–4, 6–3 |
| 2016 | Florian Mayer | Maximilian Marterer | 7–6$^{(7–4)}$, 6–2 |
| 2015 | Andreas Haider-Maurer | Carlos Berlocq | 6–2, 6–4 |
| 2014 | Jozef Kovalík | Andrey Kuznetsov | 6–1, 6–4 |
| 2013 | Jan Hájek | Jesse Huta Galung | 6–3, 6–4 |

### Doubles

| Year | Champions | Runners-up | Score |
| 2023 | Manuel Guinard Grégoire Jacq | Fernando Romboli Marcelo Zormann | 7–5, 7–6$^{(7–3)}$ |
| 2022 | David Pel Szymon Walków | Neil Oberleitner Philipp Oswald | 7–5, 6–1 |
| 2021 | Szymon Walków Jan Zieliński | Dustin Brown Robin Haase | 6–3, 6–1 |
| 2020 | Not held | Not held | Not held |
| 2019 | Andre Begemann Florin Mergea | Sriram Balaji Vishnu Vardhan | 7–6$^{(7–1)}$, 6–7$^{(4–7)}$, [10–3] |
| 2018 | David Pérez Sanz Mark Vervoort | Grzegorz Panfil Volodymyr Uzhylovskyi | 3–6, 6–4, [10–7] |
| 2017 | Kevin Krawietz Andreas Mies | Dustin Brown Antonio Šančić | 6–1, 7–6$^{(7–5)}$ |
| 2016 | Mikhail Elgin Andrei Vasilevski | Sander Gillé Joran Vliegen | 7–6$^{(8–6)}$, 6–4 |
| 2015 | Dustin Brown Rameez Junaid | Wesley Koolhof Matwé Middelkoop | 6–4, 7–5 |
| 2014 | Matthias Bachinger Dominik Meffert | Gong Maoxin Peng Hsien-yin | 6–3, 3–6, [10–6] |
| 2013 | Rameez Junaid Frank Moser | Dustin Brown Philipp Marx | 6–3, 7–6$^{(7–4)}$ |
# Joli Karafili

Joli Karafili (born 6 October 1995) is an Albanian professional racing cyclist. She signed to ride for the UCI Women's Team Pro Cycling Team Fanini for the 2019 women's road cycling season.
# Sofyan Tan

Sofyan Tan, born Tan Kim Yang (Chinese: 陈金揚; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Tân Kim Iông; born 25 September 1959) is an Indonesian doctor and politician from Medan. He was elected as member of the House of Representatives in 2019 from the North Sumatran first electoral district. He was reelected for a second term in 2024.
He was born and raised in Medan, attending Sutomo School and later studying Medicine at the Universitas Methodist Indonesia.

## Work

Long being an educational advocate, he founded a private school Yayasan Perguruan Sultan Iskandar Muda aiming to help underprivileged students in 1987. In 1992 he was awarded the Ashoka Fellowship for his educational work.

## Family

He is married to Elinar and has 4 children.
# Emma Henriksson

Emma Henriksson (born 18 November 1977) is a Swedish politician. She was a member of the Christian Democrats and a substitute member of the Riksdag from 2006 to 2010, replacing Mats Odell when he served as Minister for Financial Markets. From 2010 to 2018, Henriksson was a member of the Riksdag by her own. She was chairwoman of the Riksdag's Committee on Social Affairs from 2014.
She was parliamentary group leader of her party from 2012 to 2015, replacing Mats Odell. She was the second deputy party leader from 2015 to 2017.
# Hello Goodbye (disambiguation)

"Hello, Goodbye" is a 1967 song by the English rock band The Beatles.
Hello Goodbye or Hello and Goodbye may also refer to:

## Film and TV

* Hello-Goodbye (1970 film), a 1970 comedy film
* Hello Goodbye (2008 film), a 2008 film starring Fanny Ardant and Gérard Depardieu
* Hello Goodbye (TV series), a Dutch TV reality programme focussing on the passengers using Amsterdam Airport Schiphol
* "Hello Goodbye" (Ugly Betty), the finale of the television series Ugly Betty
* Hello, Goodbye (Friday Night Lights), an episode of the TV series Friday Night Lights
* "Hello Goodbye" (Slow Horses), 2024 TV episode
* "Hello, Goodbye" (Dark Angel), an episode of the television series Dark Angel

## Music

* hellogoodbye, American power-pop band
* Hello Goodbye (band), Scandinavian indie-rock band

### Albums

* Hello Goodbye (David Tao album), 2013
* Hello Goodbye (Shiori Niiyama album), 2015
* Hello & Goodbye, a 2007 album by the Christian pop group Jump5

### Songs

* "Hello Goodbye" (Tyler Farr song), a 2012 song by Tyler Farr
* "Hello/Goodbye", a song by Blind Melon from Soup
* "Hello Goodbye", a song by Erik Segerstedt and Tone Damli
* "Hello Goodbye", a 2024 song by Charli XCX from the deluxe version of Brat

## Books

* Hello, Good-bye, a Japanese visual novel published in 2010 by Lump of Sugar
# Dandi, Navsari

Dandi is a village in the Jalalpore taluka, Navsari District, Gujarat, India. It is located on the coast of the Arabian Sea near the city of Navsari.
The village got into worldwide prominence in 1930, when Mahatma Gandhi selected it to be the destination for the Salt March. He marched from Sabarmati (Ahmedabad) to Dandi (Navsari) with some of his followers to protest against the imposition of a tax on salt by the British Raj. Thousands of people participated, travelling on foot for 24 days from Ahmedabad to Dandi.
The Government of India initiated plans to develop the Sabarmati-Dandi stretch as a tourist hub. In 2019 the National Salt Satyagraha Memorial to commemorate the Salt March of the Indian Independence Movement was opened in the village.
# Aegista serpestes

Aegista serpestes is a species of air-breathing land snails, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod in the family Camaenidae.

## Description

The shell attains a diameter of 18 mm (0.7 in), and a height of 13 mm (0.5 in).

## Distribution

This species occurs in China.
# Krzysztof Kozik

Krzysztof Damian Kozik (born 9 January 1982) is a Polish former professional footballer who played as a goalkeeper.

## Career

He was released from Piast Gliwice on 1 July 2011. and then joined GKS Katowice in August 2011.

## Honours

MRKS Czechowice-Dziedzice
* Regional league Bielsko-Biała: 2017–18
# Keti Fetishi

Keti Fetishi (born 15 April 1997) is an Albanian professional racing cyclist. She signed to ride for the UCI Women's Team Pro Cycling Team Fanini for the 2019 women's road cycling season.
# Maria Dorothea Wagner

Maria Dorothea Wagner (1719 - 1792) was a German painter and drafter. She was primarily a landscape artist, focusing on the landscape of Saxony.

## Life and work

Maria Dorothea Wagner was born in 1719 in Weimar. Her father was a court painter for the duchess Sophie Charlotte of Brandenburg-Bayreuth. Her brother was Christian Wilhelm Ernst Dietrich.
She died in 1792 in Meissen.

## Notable collections

* Landscape with a waterfall over which a footbridge leads, on the left a farmer drives two cows down to the valley, in the background a ruin, 18th century, Städel Museum
* Rising sunken path on a river, 18th century, Städel Museum

## Gallery

* Landscape with Waterfall
# Green Pastures Hospital

Green Pastures Hospital (GPH) (हरियोखर्क अस्पताल तथा पुर्नार्स्थापना केन्द्र) is located in Pokhara, Gandaki Province, Nepal. It was established in 1957 as "Green Pastures Leprosarium" which became Green Pastures Hospital in 1970. GPH provides treatment and rehabilitation for people with spinal cord injuries and other physical disabilities, as well as reconstructive surgery, palliative care and specialist ear care.
GPH is well known for serving people affected by leprosy and disability in western Nepal for more than 60 years, most of them extremely poor and marginalized. It was established as a specialist leprosy hospital and the only tertiary rehabilitation centre for Gandaki Province.
GPH is registered with the Nepal Government's Ministry of Health and Population as a 100-bed hospital and rehabilitation centre.
Annually, GPH serves about 11,000 patients and remains the biggest leprosy and rehabilitation hospital in Nepal's western region. It remains the hub for referrals from other INF centers, as well as hospitals and local partner organizations across western Nepal.

## History

International Nepal Fellowship (INF) started a "Green Pastures" Leprosarium in 1957 in a small farm on the South of Pokhara (opposite to where Western Regional Hospital is located) to take care of patients with Leprosy. The Leprosarium was developed into Leprosy Hospital in 1970.
# Richard Kennington

Richard H. Kennington (1921 in Worcester, Massachusetts - September 10, 1999 in Annapolis, Maryland) was an American philosopher and professor of philosophy at Pennsylvania State University and the Catholic University of America. He is known for his research on early modern philosophy and his translation of Descartes' Discourse on the Method.

## Books

* On Modern Origins: Essays in Early Modern Philosophy (Applications of Political Theory), Pamela Kraus and Frank Hunt (eds), Lexington Books 2004, ISBN 9780739108154
* Discourse on Method (Focus Philosophical Library), Translated by Richard Kennington; Edited, with Introduction and Notes, by Pamela Kraus and Frank Hunt, Focus Publishing 2007, ISBN 9781585102594
# Zeil um Zehn

Zeil um Zehn was a political talk show of the Hessischer Rundfunk, which was broadcast from 1990 to 1993 on Friday evenings on hessen 3.

## Overview

The weekly talk show was broadcast from the Arabella-Grandhotel in Frankfurt am Main in the immediate vicinity of the name-giving Zeil with guests from politics and entertainment for the first time on 19 January 1990 with the presenter Beate Wedekind. Other moderators were Alice Schwarzer, Wolfgang Korruhn and Beatrix Millies.

## Presenters

* Wolfgang Korruhn
* Beatrix Millies
* Alice Schwarzer
* Beate Wedekind
# Everytime (Tatyana Ali song)

"Everytime" is a 1998 song by Tatyana Ali written by Alex Cantrall with lyrics by Joe Priolo, produced by Will Smith. It was released as the third single from the debut album Kiss the Sky. The song reached 20 on the UK singles chart in June through August 1999, and had a second outing up to 16 on the US R&B chart in August 2000.

## Charts

| Chart (1999) | Peak position |
| Europe (European Hot 100 Singles) | 80 |
| Scotland (OCC) | 47 |
| UK Singles (OCC) | 20 |
| UK Hip Hop/R&B (OCC) | 4 |
| US Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs (Billboard) | 73 |
# Aegista platyomphala

Aegista platyomphala is a species of air-breathing land snails, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod in the family Camaenidae.

## Description

The diameter of the shell is 17.5 mm.
The thin shell is extensively umbilicated, translucent and horn-like. It is finely and closely obliquely striated, with a well-defined suture. It comprises seven whorls, slightly convex, with the body whorl faintly angled above, featuring a whitish band, and gently curved towards the front. The umbilicus is bounded by a distinct edge. The peristome is thickened, white, and turned outward.

## Distribution

This species is endemic to China, Guangxi province.
# Erblira Bici

Erblira Bici (born 27 June 1995) is an Albanian volleyball player, who plays as an opposite spiker. She currently plays for Roma Volley Club.

## Career

Erblira's career began in 2005 when she played for team from her birthplace. She made her debut in first division of the Albanian championship in 2010–11 season with KV Tirana, in which she stayed three years, winning two Albanian Cup two times and the championship in 2012–13 season. In the 2013–14 season she was signed by Barleti Volley with which she won three national cups and three championships for the three years; in 2014 she obtained the first participation in the Albania national team.
In 2016 she was moved to Italy, to the Pallavolo Mondovì, in Serie A2, where he remained for two years, before moving to the AGIL Volley from Novara in Serie A1, in 2018, and there she won 2018–19 Italian Cup and the 2018–19 Champions League and thus became the first Albanian player to win the top-tier European club volleyball competition.

## Clubs

* KV Tirana (2010–2013)
* Barleti Volley (2013–2016)
* Pallavolo Mondovì (2016–2018)
* Igor Gorgonzola Novara (2018–2019)
* Futura Volley Busto Arsizio (2019–2020)
* Cuneo Granda Volley (2020–2021)
* Futura Volley Giovani (2021–2022)
* Roma Volley Club (2022–Current)

## Achievements

* 2012 Albanian Cup — Champions, with KV Tirana
* 2012–13 Albanian Championship - Champion, with KV Tirana
* 2013 Albanian Cup — Champions, with KV Tirana
* 2013–14, 2014–15, 2015–16 Albanian Championship - Champion, with Barleti Volley
* 2014, 2015, 2016 Albanian Cup — Champions, with Barleti Volley
* 2018–19 CEV Champions League — Champions, with Igor Gorgonzola Novara
* 2019 Italian Cup — Champions, with Igor Gorgonzola Novara
* 2023 Italian Cup A2 — Champions, with Roma Volley Club
# Old royal family of Copán

The Old royal family of Copán was the dynasty that ruled the city-state of Copan before the foundation of the Yax Kuk Mo dynasty in 426 AD. The ancient royal family of Copan has been under an aura of mystery due to the scant information we have about it, meaning that its existence is known thanks to archeological remains.

## History

Although the first stone architectural structures built in Copán date from the 9th century B.C., the fertile valley of the Copán River was already an agricultural region long before. The city was already important before it was refounded by a foreign elite. Although some references to Copán's predynastic history were found in later texts, none of them date from before the city was refounded in AD 426. c.

### Fall

In 426 the nobleman Knich Yax Kuk Mo undertook a conquest against Copan with the support of Tikal and the approval of Teotihuacan. After his successful military campaign, the city was conquered and he proclaimed himself king. Some Historians claim that King Knich decided to marry one of the daughters of the previous king of Copán before his enthronement to legitimise his accession to the throne and unite both houses. With Knich on the throne of Copán, this city would now be connected by blood with the nobility of Tikal and Teotihuacan.
# Albert Durston

Air Marshal Sir Albert Durston, KBE, CB, AFC (19 June 1894 – 24 January 1959) was a senior Royal Air Force (RAF) officer who served as Deputy Chief of the Air Staff from 1945 to 1946.

## RAF career

Durston joined the Royal Navy in 1913 and served in the Royal Naval Air Service during the First World War. He was mentioned in despatches for services in home waters in 1917, and appointed Officer Commanding No. 253 Squadron in June 1918. In 1936 he was appointed Fleet Aviation Officer to the Commander-in-Chief of the Home Fleet. He served in the Second World War as Director of Naval Co-operation and then as Air Officer Commanding No. 18 Group. He continued his war service as Senior Air Staff Officer at Headquarters RAF Coastal Command and then as Air Officer Commanding No. 222 Group. His last appointment was as Deputy Chief of the Air Staff from September 1945 until retiring in August 1946.
# Architecture of Cesar Department

The Architecture of Cesar Department refers to the architecture in the Cesar Department of Colombia, which still preserves much of the colonial architecture inherited by the Spanish colonization and the architecture developed by the numerous tribes of indigenous peoples of the Cesar Department that included the Tairona, Chimila, Motilon and Kalina.

## Indigenous architecture

Before the arrival of the Spanish the indigenous settlements constructions varied in architectural techniques. Most of the base of the houses were constructed with stones glued together with clay on a flattened terrain, the walls were made using a bareke mix, miking clay, intricate sticks and hay to create solid walls. The roof had a frame of solid sticks forming a cone and covered tightly in grass or palm branches. Indigenous like the Arhuacos had developed villages in the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta mountain range which interconnected their houses through a system of stone roads and steps. This type of architecture is still practiced in certain indigenous tribes settlements.

## Spanish architecture

Upon the arrival of the Spanish in the region during the early 16th Century, their construction techniques were used for their new settlements which were isolated haciendas in the middle of a large extension of land. Villages had very few houses and were usually built by a church and a commons plaza which was used for the pasture of the horses and cattle. The first houses were constructed using oven made clay bricks, wooden pillars and clay tiles. Houses usually had a single or two floors, squared with a garden in the middle, surrounded by numerous rooms. The doors, windows and balconies were made of wood with metal hinges and nails. Some street roads were covered with stones.
This type of architecture is still used in certain isolated villages in the Cesar Department.

## Colombian architecture

Based on standards set by the Colombian government on architectural techniques standards the development in construction began in the 20th Century with the use of cement, river sand and iron based on advancement of the Industrial Revolution.
# Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles III: Radical Rescue

Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles III: Radical Rescue, released as Teenage Mutant Hero Turtles III: Radical Rescue in Europe, and Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles 3: Turtles Kiki Ippatsu in Japan, is a 1993 action-adventure game developed and published by Konami for the Game Boy. It is the third Game Boy game based on the Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles, following Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles: Fall of the Foot Clan and Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles II: Back from the Sewers. The game was re-released as part of Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles: The Cowabunga Collection in 2022.

## Gameplay

The player begins the game by taking control of Michaelangelo, who must rescue the other turtles, along with Splinter and April O'Neil, who have been kidnapped by Shredder. Unlike other games based on the franchise, this is a scrolling action-adventure game reminiscent of Metroid, Konami's own The Goonies II and the later Castlevania: Symphony of the Night. Each turtle has a different ability which is necessary to finish the game. Michaelangelo can hover using his nunchakus as a helicopter, Leonardo can drill the floor by spinning with his katana, Raphael can hide himself inside his shell to enter passages that are otherwise too small to enter, and Donatello can stick to and climb walls.
The bosses are Scratch, Dirtbag, a Triceraton, Scale Tale, and Shredder (in this game known as Cyber-Shredder).

## Reception

Review scores :
| Publication | Score |
| Computer and Video Games | 90/100 |
| Famitsu | 18/40 |
| Game Players | 86% |
| GamePro | |
| Joypad | 89% |
| M! Games | 70% |
| Mega Fun | 65% |
| Nintendo Power | 3.5/5 |
| Official Nintendo Magazine | 66% |
| Total! | 78% |
| Video Games (DE) | 65% |
| GB Action | 79% |
# Jeremy Boltus

Jeremy Boltus (born June 25, 1989 in Syracuse, New York) is a lacrosse player for the Rochester Rattlers in Major League Lacrosse.

## Professional MLL career

Jeremy Boltus was selected with the 43rd pick of the eighth round by the now defunct Hamilton Nationals in the 2011 Major League Lacrosse Collegiate Draft. In his rookie season Boltus appeared in all 12 games and led the team in scoring with 19 goals along with 11 assists and was chosen as the 2011 Cascade MLL Rookie of the Year. Prior to the 2012 season, Boltus was selected by the Charlotte Hounds with the 2nd overall pick in the 2012 Expansion Draft. He played for the Hounds in 11 games, gaining 17 goals and 12 assists before a season ending ACL Tear injury. Botlus began play with the Denver Outlaws for the 2013 season and finished the season with 10 goals and 6 assists through 10 games. Boltus sat out the 2014 season and instead served in the U.S. Army in Afghanistan. Boltus started his 2015 campaign with the Rattlers and finished the season appearing in 11 games for a total of 18 goals and three assists. Boltus appeared in the 2015 MLL All Star game where you get MVP honors after scoring 6 goals. Boltus was drafted with the first overall pick of the 2016 supplemental draft by the Atlanta Blaze only to be traded a day later back to Rochester.

## Prep and college career

At Army, Boltus played in 63 games managing to gather up 214 points and 124 assists. Boltus was named first team All-Patriot League in his Junior and Senior season.
# Pupil Day (Iran)

Pupil day (Persian: روز دانش‌آموز), also known as "13-Aban-57" is a day of commemoration in Iran.; On this day, Iranians remember the massacre of a number of Tehran's pupils who were gathered at the campus of University of Tehran in order to protest aga morning of 13th

## Event

At the mentioned date, i.e. on 13 Aban, at the demonstration which was also run by other groups of people (as well as pupils), the quarrel was commenced with tear gas, then by bullets. Eventually, 56 pupils—and a number of other presented people—were killed by the army of the Shah; likewise hundreds of them were injured.
# Joachim Eilers

Joachim Eilers (born 2 April 1990) is a German professional racing cyclist. He rode at the 2015 UCI Track Cycling World Championships. At the 2016 UCI Track Cycling World Championships he won gold in the 1 km time trial. He competed for Germany at the 2016 Summer Olympics where he finished 5th in the men's sprint event and 4th in the men's keirin event.

## Major results

    UCI Track Cycling World Championships
       1st Keirin
       1st 1km Time Trial
       1st Sprinters Omnium, London Six Day.