OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Matthew Sherman

Matthew Sherman (October 31, 1827 – July 5, 1898) was a land developer and American Republican politician from California.
Born in Charlestown, Massachusetts, he enlisted in the U.S. Navy at age 13 and served on the USS Columbus and the USS Independence. During the Mexican–American War, his ship briefly visited Monterey, California. During the Civil War, he served as Captain of the California Volunteers. He was at San Diego during the war and liked the city so much that he came back permanently after the war.
Sherman started out in San Diego as a Customs Collector. He married Augusta Jane Barrett on May 10, 1867. They had three children.
Sherman was a developer in San Diego and created "Sherman's Addition," or "Sherman's Heights", located just east of downtown. He bought this land in June 1867, a month after Alonzo Horton purchased land for New Town San Diego (now downtown).
He became a prominent business leader. He was interested in bringing a transcontinental railroad to San Diego, but his efforts were unsuccessful, as were later efforts with others for the San Diego and Gila Railroad. Finally, though, in 1885 the California Southern Railroad finished a line from San Bernardino to San Diego causing population and land sales to boom, earning much money for Sherman.
After the boom faded in the 1890s, Sherman became active in civic affairs, being elected to the city's Board of Trustees, and later the San Diego County Board of Supervisors. Sherman was mayor of San Diego in 1891 and 1893. He was the first mayor elected on a straight party ticket (the previous mayor was elected with two separate Republican tickets), winning by just 18 votes.
While mayor, the first Cabrillo Landing celebration was held, honoring the 350th anniversary of Juan Rodríguez Cabrillo's arrival in San Diego Bay. The boat containing "Cabrillo" was late and the tide went out in the meantime. When the Cabrillo party arrived, the crowd surged, pushing Mayor Sherman and other officials into the tidal mud.
Matthew Sherman died at age 70, in 1898, and his wife Augusta died January 5, 1913. They are interred in Mount Hope Cemetery; Augusta was the one who named the cemetery. Sherman was eulogized as a man of strong character, yet "gentle in manner and approachable. ... He was a man who had many friends and few enemies."
# Shadows (Teenage Fanclub album)

Shadows is the ninth studio album by Scottish alternative rock band Teenage Fanclub, released on 31 May 2010 on the band's own PeMa label in Europe and on Merge Records in North America. It is the band's first new album release in five years. The album contains twelve songs: four written by Gerard Love, four by Norman Blake, and four by Raymond McGinley. Blake's "Baby Lee" was released as a single.
The liner notes credit David McGowan as a member, and he has been a constant tour fixture since 2004, playing keyboards, additional guitars and the slide guitar.

## Recording

The five-year gap between Shadows and the band's previous album Man-Made was not completely intentional, according to guitarist Raymond McGinley: "We decided to take some time before we recorded anything to just do other stuff for a time, individually, and that ended up being a lot longer than we initially planned." He added, "We didn't take very long to record the actual album, it was all pretty much done back in 2008, but we did take our time mixing it and then had another break after it just to let it mature for a while before we dealt with all the stuff that goes along with releasing an album."

## Critical reception

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
| Consequence of Sound | |
| Drowned in Sound | (8/10) |
| The Guardian | |
| Paste | 7/10 |
| Pitchfork | 7.4/10 |
| SPIN Magazine | |
| The A.V. Club | A− |
Shadows received favorable reviews from music critics. At Metacritic, which assigns a normalized rating out of 100 to reviews from critics, the album received an average score of 81, which indicates "universal acclaim", based on 18 reviews. Matt Collar of AllMusic found the "sparkling and reflective" album a worthy follow-up to Man-Made, and concluded by writing "If the day [described in "Today Never Ends"] is as sun-drenched and relaxed as the songs on Shadows implies, then may it and Teenage Fanclub go on and on." Noel Murray of The A.V. Club wrote "This is a work of rare craft, from a band now inclined to leave behind something timelessly beautiful."
Spin named Shadows the 40th best album of 2010.

## Personnel

Credits for Shadows are adapted from AllMusic and the album liner notes.

### Teenage Fanclub

* Norman Blake – guitar, vocals
* Gerard Love – bass, vocals
* Francis Macdonald – drums
* Raymond McGinley – guitar, vocals
* David McGowan – keyboards, guitar

### Additional musicians

* Euros Childs – backing vocals (2, 8), piano (5)
* Tom Crossley – flute (1)
* John McCusker – strings

### Technical

* Nick Brine – engineer, mixing
* Andy Bell – assistant engineer
* Dave Pye – assistant engineer
* Steve Rooke – mastering
* Toby Paterson – artwork
* Robert Dallas Gray – layout
# Nasiru Moro

Nasiru Moro (born 24 September 1996) is a Ghanaian professional footballer who plays for Swedish club Degerfors.

## Club career
### HNK Gorica

Nasiru Moro went on loan to HNK Gorica on 31 August 2018. On 21 October 2018, he made his professional debut in the Croatian First Football League against Slaven Belupo. He later completed a permanent transfer to the club, signing a three-year deal until 2022.

### Örebro SK

On 27 July 2021, Moro signed for Allsvenskan club Örebro on a two-and-a-half-year deal, until the end of the 2023 season.

### Degerfors IF

In February 2024, Moro joined Superettan club Degerfors as a free agent on a two-year contract.
# Mirosław Nahacz

Mirosław Nahacz (1984–2007) was a Polish novelist of Lemko ethnicity and screenwriter born in Gorlice. He majored in cultural studies at the University of Warsaw.

## Career

In 2003, at the age of eighteen, Nahacz published his first novel Osiem Cztery (Eight Four). That same year he wrote monthly a column to the Filipinka magazine and cooperated with the Lampa magazine, and was awarded the Natalia Gall and the Ryszard Pollak Literary Fund Award and moved to Warsaw. His next book, Bombel (2004), received critical acclaim, with critics calling him "a voice of the generation".
In 2005, Nahacz wrote Bocian and Lola (2005). His last book titled Niezwykłe przygody Roberta Robura (2009), was finished just days before his disappearance in July 2007.
Nahacz stated that his writing was influenced by the literature of Céline, Hrabal, Burroughs and Pynchon.
Nahacz was the co-author of the screenplay Egzamin z Życia ('The Exam of a Life') broadcast on channel TVP2 of the public Polish Television.

## Death

On July 24, 2007, at the age of 22, Nahacz was found dead in the basement of his Warsaw flat. He had disappeared and committed suicide by hanging a few days earlier.

## Works

* Osiem cztery (novel; Czarne 2003, ISBN 83-87391-75-1)
* Bombel (novel; Czarne 2004, ISBN 83-87391-94-8)
* Bocian i Lola (novel; Czarne 2005, ISBN 83-89755-31-9)
* Niezwykłe przygody Roberta Robura (novel; Warszawa: Prószyński, 2009; ISBN 978-83-7648-016-9
# Elizabeth Smart (disambiguation)

Elizabeth Smart may refer to:

## People

* Elizabeth Smart (born 1987), American kidnapping victim
* Elizabeth Smart (Canadian author) (1913–1986), a Canadian poetess and writer
* Elizabeth Smart (fl. 21st century), Scottish educator, rector of Bell Baxter High School, Cupar, Fife, Scotland, UK
* Elizabeth Smart (fl. 21st century), Canadian politician who stood as one of the Coalition Avenir Québec candidates in the 2014 Quebec provincial election
* Elizabeth Smart (16th century); mother of John Elliott (judge) (1546–1617), Irish judge; mother-in-law to Henry Ussher (1550–1613), Irish protestant churchman
* Elizabeth Smart (died 1635), wife of English actor Henry Condell (1576–1627)
* Elizabeth Smart (18th century), mother of Smart Lethieullier (1701–1760), British antiquarian
* Elizabeth Smart, subject of a 22 May 1775 Act of the Parliament of Great Britain [15 Geo. 3. c. 54]
* Elizabeth Smart, subject of a 3 July 1835 Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom [5 & 6 Will. 4. c. 6]
* Clare Elizabeth Smart, Canadian police officer, raised to Officer of the Order of Merit of the Police Forces on the 2020 Canadian Honours List
* Gertrude Elizabeth Smart-Dalgleish (20th century), British colonial service civil servant, raised to Member of the Order of the British Empire (MBE) at the 1957 Birthday Honours
* Jean Elizabeth Smart (born 1951), American actress
* Margot Elizabeth Smart, Australian civilian awarded the Medal of the Order of Australia at the 2005 Queen's Birthday Honours (Australia)
* Rebecca Elizabeth Smart (born 1976), Australian actress

## Film and television

* Elizabeth Smart: Autobiography, a 2017 documentary TV series about the kidnap victim and her family
* Elizabeth Smart: On the Side of the Angels, a 1991 documentary film by Red Queen Productions about the Canadian poet nominated at the 1992 6th Gemini Awards

## Literature

* Elizabeth Smart: The Collected Poems, a poetry anthology by the Canadian poet, whose French-language translation edition won a 2021 Governor General's Awards
* Elizabeth Smart: A Fugue Essay on Women and Creativity, a 2004 book by Kim Echlin

## Other uses

* Elizabeth Smart Foundation, founded by kidnap victim Elizabeth Smart
# Dream of a Rarebit Fiend (film)

Dream of a Rarebit Fiend is a 1906 silent trick film directed by Edwin S. Porter for Edison Manufacturing Company. It is a seven-minute live-action film adaptation of the comic strip Dream of the Rarebit Fiend by American cartoonist Winsor McCay. The film was marketed as using several special effects in which "some of the photographic 'stunts' have never been seen or attempted before."
In 2015, the United States Library of Congress selected the film for preservation in the National Film Registry, finding it "culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant".

## Plot

The Rarebit Fiend gorges on Welsh rarebit at a restaurant. When he leaves, he begins to get dizzy as he starts to hallucinate. He desperately tries to hang onto a lamppost as the world spins all around him. A man helps him get home. He falls into bed and begins having more hallucinatory dreams.
During a dream sequence, the furniture begins moving around the room. Imps emerge from a floating Welsh rarebit container and begin poking his head as he sleeps. His bed then begins dancing and spinning wildly around the room before flying out the window with the Fiend in it.
The bed floats across the city as the Fiend floats up and off the bed. He hangs off the back and eventually gets caught on a weathervane atop a steeple. His bedclothes tear and he falls from the sky, crashing through his bedroom ceiling. The Fiend awakens from the dream after falling out of his bed.

## Production and release

The Fiend was played by John P. "Jack" Brawn.
The Edison Military Band performed a piece called "Dream of the Rarebit Fiend" on an Edison cylinder (Edison 9585) in 1907, written by Thomas W. Thurban. The piece was likely inspired by Porter's 1906 film, and may have been intended to accompany it. The piece was written for 18–20-piece band, and has been recorded numerous times.
# VPL (brand)

VPL (Visible Panty Line) is an American fashion label founded in 2003 by Victoria Bartlett based on the idea of underwear as outerwear. VPL is certified as B Corporation in 2016 and benefits various causes including women's education.
The brand is known for its avant-garde and experimental designs that blend fashion and function.

## Meaning

VPL is shorthand for "visible panty line" and its products are "meant to be seen." The brand draws inspiration from vintage swimwear and athletic wear from the Olympics.

## Design and production process

VPL advocates sustainable production and slow designs. VPL developed unique designs and production process that utilize excess fabric from production to minimize fabric waste ("up cycle" program). VPL is sold in 25 countries, and stores include Barneys, Shopbop, Saks, Net a Porter, Bloomingdale's, Nordstrom, and Harvey Nichols. It also sells directly to customers, and its savings from fabric utilization and vertical distribution are donated to various causes and nonprofit organizations.
Since 2021, digitized VPL designs and patterns have been made available for download on the platform of Yabbey, one of the largest online fashion design, patterns and instruction resources, and VPL products have been produced by over 1,000 makers from over 40 countries. VPL today relies on the decentralized production model for sustainability.

## Movies, TVs, campaign, and celebrities

* Tracy Anderson Health
* Shay Mitchell Self
* Priyanka Chopra ABC Quantico
* New York City Ballet campaign
* Victoria Beckham W Magazine
* Gwen Stefani wearing VPL for Sweet Escape campaign
* Madonna on the cover of Vanity Fair
* Rihanna wearing VPL on stage in Athens
* Lady Gaga
* Christy Turlington in Harper's Bazaar
* Tilda Swinton in W Magazine
* Sophia Bush in One Tree Hill
* Jessica Alba in GQ
* Scarlett Johansson cover in Esquire
* Jennifer Lawrence in The Hunger Games
* Blake Lively in Gossip Girl

## Awards

* In 2006 VPL received an Ecco Domani Fashion Foundation award.
* In 2007 VPL was one of the top 10 finalists of CFDA / Vogue Fashion Award.
* In 2011 Finalist for WGSN Global Fashion Award for Outstanding New Store
* 2012 Finalist for Woolmark Prize
* 2012 Winner of CFDA/Lexus Eco Challenge

## Brands

* VPL Collection (beige label, top-end designer line)
# Fehintola (name)

Fehintola is a Nigerian given name and surname of Yoruba origin meaning "Rest in wealth". The morphology of the name combines fi (place, rest), ẹ̀hìn (back, behind), tì (rest), and ọlá (wealth, honour). Variants include Fẹ̀yìntọlá.

## Notable people with the name

* Lanre Fehintola, British photojournalist.
# Noozhawk

Noozhawk is an online newspaper that provides coverage for Santa Barbara County, California. While initially focused on the greater Santa Barbara area, Noozhawk expanded its coverage to the northern part of the county in the summer of 2014. It gained further potential audience with the July 2023 bankruptcy of the Santa Barbara News-Press.

## History

In 2012, Noozhawk celebrated its 5th anniversary and hired Tom Bolton, a former reporter and editor with the Santa Barbara News-Press and Santa Maria Times, to be executive editor. By the first quarter of 2020, the website was averaging more than 1.8 million page views per month, according to Quantcast.
# Medial talocalcaneal ligament

The medial talocalcaneal ligament (internal calcaneo-astragaloid ligament) connects the medial tubercle of the back of the talus with the back of the sustentaculum tali.
Its fibers blend with those of the plantar calcaneonavicular ligament.
# The Proud Tower

The Proud Tower: A Portrait of the World Before the War, 1890-1914 is a 1966 book by Barbara Tuchman, consisting of a collection of essays she had published in various periodicals during the mid-1960s. It followed the publication of the highly successful book The Guns of August (published in Britain as August 1914). Each chapter deals with a different country, theme, and time (although all relate to the approximately 25 years preceding World War I). Two chapters are about British governments in 1895 and 1910; one chapter is dedicated to the Dreyfus Affair in France; and another is nominally about the Wilhelmine politics of late 19th-century Germany, but is really about German music and culture in that period. Other chapters cover the United States (particularly the efforts of Thomas Reed, Speaker of the House, to overcome the tyranny of the absent quorum), the Hague Conventions of 1899 and 1907, the anarchist movement of the late 19th and early 20th centuries, and the activities of the Socialist International and trade unions.
The title of the book is derived from the 1845 Edgar Allan Poe poem "The City in the Sea". Two lines of the poem are used as the epigraph for the book: "While from a proud tower in the town/ Death looks gigantically down."

## Publication history

* Hardcover, Macmillan, 1966 (ISBN 0026203006)
* Mass-market paperback, Bantam Books, 1982 (ISBN 0553256025)
* Paperback, Ballantine Books, New York, 1996 (ISBN 0345405013)
# Empress Zhang (Wang Yanzheng's wife)

Empress Zhang (張皇后, personal name unknown), also known as Tiande Empress (天德皇后) (after her husband Wang Yanzheng's era name of Tiande), was the last empress of the Chinese Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms Period state Min (and, prior to that, the empress of the branch state Yin) as the wife of Wang Yanzheng, who was the emperor of both of those states.
Very little is known about Empress Zhang. When Wang Yanzheng was the Prince of Fusha under his brother Wang Xi (Emperor Jingzong of Min), she was the Princess of Fusha. It is not known whether she bore any children for him, including whether she was the mother of his only known son, Wang Jiyi (王繼沂). In 943, when he declared himself the emperor of a new state of Yin in competition with Wang Xi, he created her empress. That was the last historical reference to her, and it is not known when she died. She is traditionally listed as one of the empresses of Min, implying that she lived at least to 945, when Wang Yanzheng reclaimed that title.
# Qaen Rural District

Qaen Rural District (Persian: دهستان قائن) is in the Central District of Qaen County, South Khorasan province, Iran. Its capital is the village of Mahmui.

## Demographics
### Population

At the time of the 2006 National Census, the rural district's population was 18,252 in 4,826 households. There were 18,483 inhabitants in 5,610 households at the following census of 2011. The 2016 census measured the population of the rural district as 19,758 in 6,163 households. The most populous of its 69 villages was Esfeshad, with 2,900 people.
# Sharni Spencer

Sharni Spencer is an Australian ballet dancer. She is a Principal Artist at The Australian Ballet.

## Biography

Spencer was born in Lismore, New South Wales, Australia, and grew up in Tamworth. She started taking dance classes when she was three years old at Sally Kefts School of Dance. When she was 14 years old, the family moved to Newcastle so Spencer could attend Marie Walton Mahon Dance Academy. Spencer also studied dance at the Elmhurst Ballet School in Birmingham, England for six months. She then moved to Wellington, New Zealand and studied at the New Zealand School of Dance for two years, graduating in 2007.
In 2008 Spencer joined The Australian Ballet; in 2012 she was promoted to coryphée. In 2012 she received the Khitercs Hirai Foundation Scholarship, and spent three months rehearsing and performing Giselle with Dutch National Ballet. In 2017 she was promoted to soloist and in 2020 to senior artist, and Principal artist in 2022.
Spencer has been nominated for the Telstra Ballet Dancer Awards three times: in 2013, 2017 and 2019.
# Ahmed Anarbayev

Akhmed Anarbayev (Russian: Ахмед Анарбаев; 30 May 1948 – 6 August 2023) was a Kyrgyzstani Soviet swimmer who won a silver medal at the 1970 European Aquatics Championships. He also competed in the 400 m freestyle at the 1968 Summer Olympics but did not reach the finals.
After retiring from senior swimming Anarbayev continued to compete internationally in the masters category. He was also an experienced open water swimmer who crossed Issyk Kul and took part in a crossborder swimming event in the Bering Strait. From 1992 to 1997 he was the President of the Kyrgyz Republic Swimming Federation.
Anarbayev lived in Bishkek, and worked in the hotel business. He died on 6 August 2023, at the age of 75.
# The Applied Finance Group

The Applied Finance Group (AFG) is an American institutional equity research firm founded in 1995 by Rafael Resendes and Dan Obrycki.

## History

In 1995 Rafael Resendes and Daniel Obrycki founded the Applied Finance Group in Chicago, Illinois as an independent research company. AFG sought to build a more sophisticated Value Based Metric to measure a company's true economic profit. With that goal in mind, AFG developed its proprietary framework, Economic Margin (EM), to evaluate corporate performance from an economic cash flow perspective. In 2001, Morningstar, Inc. adopted AFG's Methodology to launch the Morningstar Rating for stocks. AFG expanded to its second office in Fresno, California in 2003. Resendes relocated to work as head of the Fresno Office, while Obrycki managed from Chicago.
In 2004, AFG created a large cap model portfolio of stocks called the AFG50. AFG created the AFG50 portfolio to provide Trust Departments and small RIAs a product that could serve as an outsource/research team. Later that year AFG partnered with Chief Executive Magazine and Drew Morris, CEO of "Great Numbers!", to launch the Chief Executive/Applied Finance Group Wealth Creation Rankings, a research instrument used to rank companies based on their value and ability to create value. In 2009 AFG began providing research internationally for the first time in the company's history.

## Founders

Applied Finance Group was co-founded Rafael Resendes and by Dan Obrycki.

### Rafael Resendes

Resendes is the Managing Director for Toreador Research and Trading.
Prior to co-founding AFG, Resendes was a member of the Chicago Board of Trade and served as director of research for HOLT Value Associates. Rafael graduated Phi Beta Kappa from The University of California, Berkeley, with a Bachelor of Science in Finance and Economic Analysis and obtained an MBA from the University of Chicago.
Resendes has also contributed his insight to various news outlets such as CNBC, CNN, Fox News, RealClearPolitics.

### Dan Obrycki

Prior to co-founding AFG, Obrycki was the manager of research for a portfolio consulting firm, HOLT Value Associates. Daniel graduated summa cum laude from the University of Missouri-Rolla with a BS in geological engineering and obtained his MBA with a finance specialization from the University of Chicago.
Obrycki has also served as an adjunct professor at DePaul University in Chicago.

## Value Expectations

AFG launched Value Expectations in 2008, a stock blog and investment newsletter. Value Expectations was created to serve as an outlet covering topics on corporate performance and equity valuation.
# Carol Sams

Carol Sams (born 1945) is an American composer based in the Seattle area. She earned a Master of Arts in Music from Mills College and a Doctor of Musical Arts from the University of Washington. One of her teachers was Darius Milhaud. In 1976 her opera, Salome, Daughter of Herodias, was premiered at the National Opera Association Convention in Seattle. In 1983 her children's opera Beauty and the Beast was premiered in Los Angeles with Henry Holt conducting. Her opera The Pied Piper of Hamelin was commissioned by the Tacoma Opera, and was premiered by the company in 1993 and repeated in 1994. Her works have also been performed in concerts by the Seattle Chamber Singers, the Everett Chorale, the Northwest Boychoir, the Washington Composers Forum, and the University of Washington Contemporary Group among others. Soprano Janeanne Houston released a CD "So Much Beauty" which contained several songs by Carol Sams.