OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Bjørn Fongaard

Bjørn Fongaard (2 March 1919 in Oslo – 26 October 1980 in Oslo) was a Norwegian composer, guitarist, and teacher. In addition to being concerned with microtonal and electronic music, he was perhaps the first to use the prepared guitar. "Fongaard's output is considerable...Due to the partly experimental notation, these works have not become widely known."

## Life

Fongaard grew up in the Oslo borough of Nordstrand. He studied at the Oslo Conservatory of Music with teachers including Per Steenberg, Sigurd Islandsmoen, Bjarne Brustad, and Karl Andersen. He started off by constructing a quarter tone guitar with adaption of the fretboard, but very early left this in favor of a diverse set of prepared guitar techniques. His first pieces in this genre came in the mid 60's. A sampler CD of his own recordings entitled Elektrofoni: Works For Micro Intervallic Guitar 1965-1978 was released in 2011. In 2015, a double disc of new recordings by Norwegian guitarist Anders Førisdal was released on Aurora Records.

## List of works

* Galaxy op. 46
* Homo Sapiens op. 80
* Genesis
* Sinfonia Microtonalis op. 79
* Orchestra Antiphonalis
* Symphony of Space
* Universum
* Mare Tranquilitatis
* 23 Concertos for Piano and Orchestra 0p. 118
* 12 Concertos for Solo Instrument and Orchestra op. 120
* 21 String Quartets op. 123
* 57 Sonatas for One Instrument op. 125
* 41 Concertos for Solo Instrument and Tape op. 131
# Mukhtar Aymakhanov

Mukhtar Rabatuly Aymakhanov (Kazakh: Мұхтар Рабатұлы Аймаханов, Mūhtar Rabatūly Aimahanov; born 1 January 1967, in Zhosaly, Kazakhstan) is a Russian cosmonaut; he was originally a Kazakhstan cosmonaut.

## Kazakh cosmonaut career

Aimakhanov and Aidyn Aimbetov were selected as the first class of Kazakh cosmonauts in 2002, for the Kazakhstan National Space Agency, KazCosmos. They trained at Star City as cosmonauts from 2003 to 2009, until the world financial crisis indefinitely postponed the prospective Kazakhstan mission.
The Kazakh mission finally took place in September 2015 aboard Soyuz TMA-18M after prospective Space tourist Sarah Brightman pulled out from the flight. Aimbetov flew with Russian cosmonaut Sergey Prokopyev as his backup since Aymakhanov had already left KazCosmos and joined Roscosmos by the time of the flight.
On December 28, 2022, he left the position of a test cosmonaut in the Roscosmos cosmonaut squad after the decision of the Main Medical Commission. He will continue to work at the Gagarin Cosmonaut Training Center as a leading specialist in cosmonaut training.

## Russian cosmonaut career

In 2012, to pursue his cosmonaut dreams, Aymakhanov became a Russian citizen, and gave up his Kazakhstan citizenship.
# Melinda Duncan

Melinda K. Duncan is an American biomedical researcher, specializing in lens and eye development. She earned a bachelor's degree from Lafayette College, and completed a doctorate at the University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, then conducted post doctoral research at the National Eye Institute. Duncan is a professor at the University of Delaware, where in 2024, she was named the Trustees Distinguished Professor of Biology.
# Westside Grovely FC

Westside Grovely FC is a football (soccer) club based in the locality of Grovely, Queensland, Australia. The club currently has Men's teams in the Football Queensland Premier League 5, and Football Queensland Metro competitions, as well as a Metro league Women's team. The club also has junior teams for all ages, and Masters team for overage players (Women's Over 30s, Men's Over 35s).

## History

The club was established in 1964 as Budapest Grovely Soccer Club, playing at the sports ground in Hanran Street, Grovely (now part of the suburb Keperra). The club was renamed 'Grovely Soccer Club' in 1973, after the Queensland Soccer Federation banned the use of ethnic-based club names, and then renamed 'Westside Soccer Club' in 1978.
The club initially played in Brisbane's Division 2 for several years (tier 2 of the Brisbane competition), but from the mid-1970s and during the 1980s, the senior club's fortunes declined. The senior club became inactive after the 1988 season but was revived in 2006, reentering the Football Brisbane competition in Metro 3 (then tier 7). The club slowly progressed up the Metro leagues and began offering additional teams for senior players.
Westside finished second in the 2012 Brisbane Metro 1 season, the highest place of any non-Premier League team in the competition.
The club celebrated its 50th season in 2013, which saw the senior men's team compete in a new league structure introduced by Football Brisbane, taking its place Capital League 3. Westside finished in 2nd place behind Centenary Stormers, who they eliminated from the finals in the preliminary final. The 2013 Capital League 3 Grand Final represents the most successful finals campaign for the Men's team in recent times, which was capped by a Grand Final victory, beating New Farm 4–2 on penalties following a scoreless draw.
Further re-structuring of the Football Brisbane league system has resulted in Westside Grovely participating in Capital League 2. In 2019, the club achieved its highest finish to date, coming third and narrowly missing out on promotion to Capital League 1.
For the 2021 season, the club have a new coaching team in place, led by head coach Terry Campbell. The major sponsor of Westside Grovely is Brisbane based company Stafflink.
Another restructure of the football pyramid in Queensland was conducted in late 2021, with Westside Grovely confirmed a place in FQPL 5 for the 2022 season. Mauricio Mota was appointed Head Coach following the departure of Terry Campbell.
The club colours, red, green and white, are taken from the Hungarian national flag.
# Shabanbay Bi

Shabanbay Bi (Kazakh: Шабанбай би), until 1996 Shylym (Шылым), is a village in Aktogay District, Karaganda Region, Kazakhstan. It is the administrative center of the Shabanbay Bi Rural District (KATO code - 353677100). Population: 563 (2009 Census results); 857 (1999 Census results).

## Geography

The village is located by the Karatal River, a left tributary of the Tokrau, about 32 kilometers (20 mi) east of Aktogay, the district administrative center. Mount Aksoran, the highest point of the Kazakh Uplands (Saryarka), rises 10 kilometers (6.2 mi) to the east, in the Kyzylarai massif.
# Thomas Foster (American mayor)

Thomas Foster was an American physician and politician. He served as the sixth mayor of Los Angeles. He was a physician and responsible for the first schoolhouse to be built at Spring and 2nd Streets. He was not related to mayor Stephen C. Foster. He was elected in May 1855 over William G. Dryden, 192 votes to 179.
# Koruj

Koruj (Persian: كروج) may refer to:
* Koruj, Isfahan
* Koruj, Sabzevar, Razavi Khorasan Province
# Adam Eriksson (footballer, born 1990)

Adam Lars Eriksson (born 13 July 1990) is a Swedish footballer who plays for Falkenbergs FF as a defender.
He signed for Helsingborgs IF from Falkenbergs FF before the start of the 2016 season.
# Chingiztau

Chingiztau (Kazakh: Шыңғыстау) is a mountain range in Abai Region, Kazakhstan.
The nearest city is Ayagoz, located near the southern end of the range.

## Geography

Chingiztau is one of the ranges of the eastern part of the Kazakh Upland system (Saryarka). It stretches roughly for about 200 kilometers (120 mi) from northwest to southeast, 30 kilometers (19 mi) to the south of the Degelen. The range has three separate ridges: Kanchingiz (Қаншыңғыс), highest point 1,152 meters (3,780 ft) in the northern section, the Chingiztau proper in the middle, highest point 1,119 meters (3,671 ft), and Akshatau (Ақшатау) in the southern section, where there is highest point of the whole range system 1,304 meters (4,278 ft) Mount Kosoba.
The slopes of the ridges are generally abrupt in the eastern side and more gently sloping in the western. They are deeply dissected by river valleys and ravines. Numerous rivers have their origin in the range, but their waters are mostly lost either in the sands of the surrounding deserts or in seasonal salt lakes of the highlands. The largest rivers having their sources in the Chingiztau are the Shagan and its right tributary the Ashchysu flowing roughly northwards, as well as the Bakanas and a few tributaries of the Ayagöz flowing south. The Konyr-Auliye cave (Қоңыр әулие үңгірі) is located near Mount Aktas, off the western slopes of the range, near the Shagan river.
* Near the Konyr-Auliye cave.

## Flora

The range slopes are covered by mountain steppe vegetation. There are aspen-birch forests and willow thickets in the valleys.
# Stainburn, Cumbria

Stainburn is a settlement and former civil parish about 7 miles from Whitehaven, now in the parish of Workington, in the county of Cumbria, England. In 2018 the built-up area had an estimated population of 1705. Stainburn was also a ward, in 2011 the ward had a population of 1694. In 1961 the parish had a population of 246. Stainburn was on the A66 road until 20 December 2002 when it was bypassed.

## Amenities

Stainburn has a pub called The Briery ran by acclaimed Scottish chef Mark Greenaway on Stainburn Road. There was formerly a chapel that was probably about a quarter of a mile from the village but there are no remains.

## History

The name "Stainburn" means 'Stony stream'. Stainburn was formerly a township in the parish of Workington, from 1866 Stainburn was a civil parish in its own right until 1 April 1934 when it was abolished and merged with Workington and Winscales parishes.
# Tangier Sound

Tangier Sound is a sound of the Chesapeake Bay bounded on the west by Tangier Island in Virginia, and Smith Island and South Marsh Island in Maryland, by Deal Island in Maryland on the north, and the mainland of the Eastern Shore of Maryland and Pocomoke Sound on the east. It stretches into Virginia as far south as Watts Island.
The Manokin, Big Annemessex, and Little Annemessex Rivers all flow into Tangier Sound from Somerset County, Maryland.
Crisfield, Maryland, located on Tangier Sound, is a center of the shellfish industry. Smith Island, Tangier Island and Deal Island also remain centers of the Chesapeake Bay seafood industry and outposts of Chesapeake culture and history. As in other parts of Chesapeake Bay, the seafood industry on Tangier Sound has declined markedly due to pollution, mismanagement and the growth of recreational fishing. However, the wild oyster industry has seen a strong reemergence in recent years due to shell planting and caretaking methods performed by Chesapeake watermen. Tangier Sound is considered by many to possess the best oysters and soft crabs in the world. The Tangier Sound wild fishery is an artisanal fishery and source of iconic seafood.
Several Maryland wildlife management areas border Tangier Sound: South Marsh Island, Deal Island, Fairmount, and Cedar Island areas.
# Eolomea

Eolomea is a 1972 science fiction drama film directed by Herrmann Zschoche, based on the book of the same name by Angel Wagenstein. The film was an East German/Soviet/Bulgarian coproduction.

## Plot

Authorities responsible for Earth’s spaceflight safety grow increasingly concerned over unexplained incidents at the "Margo" space base, where several ships and their crews have mysteriously disappeared over three days. Following a special session, the Institute of Space Research issues a temporary flight ban until the cause is identified. Professor Maria Scholl suspects that fellow scientist Professor Oli Tal is withholding key information. She arranges a private meeting and learns about an unusual phenomenon observed in the late 19th century by British astronomers: a mysterious light in the Cygnus constellation that appears every 24 years. Soviet astronomers, after the first space flights, hypothesized that the light could be an artificial signal, potentially a powerful laser probing the solar system for signs of life.
Pierre Brodsky, a senior researcher at the Mount Ararat observatory, conducts calculations and concludes that the signal might originate from a symmetrical twin of Earth, devoid of poles and tropics, which he names “Eternal Spring” or "Eolomea" after decoding its Morse signal. Eager to reach Eolomea, Professor Tal proposes a mission, but the council deems it unfeasible given the current limitations of rocket speed. Undeterred, a group of 146 young scientists, unwilling to passively wait for alien contact, takes drastic action. They seize rockets necessary for the mission, embarking without formal approval in hopes of realizing humanity’s dream of encountering extraterrestrial intelligence.

## Cast

* Cox Habbema: Prof. Maria Scholl
* Ivan Andonov: Daniel Lagny
* Rolf Hoppe: Prof. Oli Tal
* Vsevolod Sanayev: Kun, the pilot
* Peter Slabakov: Pierre Brodski
* Wolfgang Greese: Chairman
* Holger Mahlich: Navigator
* Benjamin Besson: Capt. Sima Kun
* Evelyn Opoczynski: colleague of Scholl
* Heidemarie Schneider: colleague of Sima Kun

## Editions

The original, uncut version of the film was rereleased by the DEFA Film Library at the University of Massachusetts Amherst in 2005.
# Gazani

Gazani or Gozani (Persian: گزاني) may refer to:
* Gazani-ye Pain
* Gazani-ye Taj Mohammad
# Shantha Mayadunne

Shantha Mayadunne (Sinhala: ශාන්තා මායාදුන්නේ; 4 April 1951 – 21 April 2019) was a Sri Lankan chef and television personality.

## Career

She had thirty years of experience in the culinary arts and became one of the most popular Sri Lankan television chefs. She learned advanced international cooking techniques at cooking schools in many countries including Australia, UK, Singapore, Thailand and India. As her popularity grew, she started to conduct classes, through workshops and mass media programs. She published two books, the first in 2001 and the second in 2005.

## Death

She was killed together with her daughter on 21 April 2019 by a suicide bomber during a series of terrorist attacks in Sri Lanka, while they were both at the Shangri-La Hotel in Colombo for breakfast.
# Sveta, Demir Hisar

Sveta (Macedonian: Света) is a village in the municipality of Demir Hisar, North Macedonia.

## Demographics

Sveta is attested in the Ottoman defter of 1467/68 as a village in the vilayet of Manastir. The majority of the inhabitants attested bore mixed Slavic-Albanian anthroponyms, such as Gerg Kovaç.
According to the 2002 census, the village had a total of 332 inhabitants. Ethnic groups in the village include:
* Macedonians 332
# Charles L. Evans

Charles L. Evans (born January 15, 1958) is the former ninth president and chief executive officer of the Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago, serving from 2007 to 2023. In that capacity, he served on the Federal Open Market Committee (FOMC), the Federal Reserve System's monetary policy-making body.
Before becoming president in September 2007, Evans served as director of research and senior vice president, supervising the Bank's research on monetary policy, banking, financial markets, and regional economic conditions. Prior to that, Evans was a vice president and senior economist with responsibility for the macroeconomics research group.
His personal research has focused on measuring the effects of monetary policy on U.S. economic activity, inflation, and financial market prices. It has been published in the Journal of Political Economy, American Economic Review, Journal of Monetary Economics, Quarterly Journal of Economics, and the Handbook of Macroeconomics.
Evans has taught at the University of Chicago, the University of Michigan and the University of South Carolina.
Evans received a bachelor's degree in economics from the University of Virginia and a doctorate in economics from Carnegie Mellon University in Pittsburgh. In 2024, he received an honorary Doctor of Public Service from CMU's Tepper School of Business.
He is married and has two children.

## Evans Rules

In December 2012, the Federal Open Market Committee decided to change its broad forward guidance to a more explicit rule. The Evans Rule, a version which had been advocated by Charles Evans for many months, stated that the Committee will hold rates near zero at least until unemployment falls below 6.5% or inflation rises above 2.5%. The Committee in March 2014 decided to remove the mention of the explicit thresholds in its guidance, but emphasized that there has been no change in the stance of monetary policy.
# Mertcan Demirer

Mertcan Demirer (born 14 March 1993 in Kadıköy) is a Turkish professional footballer who plays as a midfielder for Kars 36 Spor.

## Life and career

Demirer began his career with Beşiktaş J.K. in 2006. He made his professional debut on 21 May 2011 against Gaziantepspor replacing Rıdvan Şimşek.
# Abd Allah ibn Umar

Abd Allāh ibn ʿUmar (Arabic: عبد الله بن عمر) may refer to:
* Abd Allah ibn Umar ibn Makhzum (died late 5th-century), chief of the Banu Makhzum and father of al-Mughira ibn Abd Allah
* Abd Allah ibn Umar ibn al-Khattab (died 693), a son of caliph Umar (r. 634–644)
* Abd Allah ibn Umar ibn Abd al-Aziz (died 750), a son of caliph Umar II (r. 717–720)
# 1968 in Norwegian television

This is a list of Norwegian television related events from 1968.

## Events

* 3 March – Odd Børre is selected to represent Norway at the 1968 Eurovision Song Contest with his song "Jeg har aldri vært så glad i noen som deg". He is selected to be the ninth Norwegian Eurovision entry during Norsk Melodi Grand Prix held at Centralteatret in Oslo, but the song was withdrawn from the contest by its composer amid persistent allegations that it copied the 1963 hit "Summer Holiday" by Cliff Richard, who was the United Kingdom's singer in the 1968 contest. Børre performed the runner-up song "Stress" at the contest instead.
# Kayrat Kulbayev

Kayrat Kulbayev (Kazakh: Кайрат Кульбаев, Kayrat Kulbayev) is a Kazakh music producer who rose to popularity as a jury member in SuperStar KZ 3, the Kazakh version of Pop Idol. Kayrat served as the vice president of Kazakh media firm Shahar Media Group, official partner & associate of SonyBMG in Kazakhstan, from 2003 till 2006.

## Biography

Kayrat used to be producer of pop music duo "Duet L" in early 1990s. He is now a producer of pop-bands "Chinatown", "Pertsy".
He is married and has two daughters.
# Załuski, Płońsk County

Załuski is a village in Płońsk County, Masovian Voivodeship, in east-central Poland. It is the seat of the gmina (administrative district) called Gmina Załuski. It lies approximately 18 kilometres (11 mi) south-east of Płońsk and 46 km (29 mi) north-west of Warsaw.
# Naila station

Naila station is a railway station in the municipality of Naila, located in the Hof district in Bavaria, Germany.
# Pari Zangeneh

Pari Zangeneh (Persian: پری زنگنه) (born 1939, Kashan, Iran) is an Iranian opera and folk singer (Spinto soprano). She was taught by Evelyn Baghtcheban. She lost her eyesight in a car accident.
# Samuel Rahbar

Samuel Rahbar (Persian: سموئیلِ رهبر Samu'il-e Rahbar May 12, 1929 - November 10, 2012) was an Iranian scientist who discovered the linkage between diabetes and HbA1C, a form of hemoglobin used primarily to identify plasma glucose concentration over time.
Rahbar was born into a Jewish family in the Iranian city of Hamedan in 1929. He obtained his MD degree from the University of Tehran in 1953 and a PhD degree in immunology from the same university in 1963.
From 1952 to 1960 Rahbar pursued mainly clinical activities in Abadan and Tehran, returning to academic life as a postdoctoral fellow in 1959. After earning his PhD, he was promoted to assistant professor in 1963 and to associate professor in 1965 in the Department of Immunology.
Rahbar spent 1968–1969 as a visiting scientist at the Department of Medicine of the Albert Einstein College of Medicine in New York, where he collaborated with Helen M. Ranney. After his return to Tehran, Rahbar was promoted to full professor in 1970 and to director of the Department of Applied Biology in the University of Tehran Medical School in Tehran.
After the Islamic Revolution in Iran, Rahbar was laid off from his position as Director of the Department of Applied Biology at Tehran University. As a result of this unfair treatment he decided to take his family and leave the country in 1979.
1979 Rahbar became a researcher and professor of diabetes in the Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Metabolism at the City of Hope in Duarte, California (in Los Angeles County).
In 2012, the American Diabetes Association (ADA) bestowed a special, one-time National Scientific Achievement Award on Rahbar in recognition of his discovery of HbA1c as a marker of glycemic status in persons with diabetes. The award is named after the awardee and is called the Samuel Rahbar Outstanding Discovery Award.
# Franco Bontadini

Franco Bontadini (Italian pronunciation:; 4 January 1893 – 27 January 1943) was an Italian amateur footballer who played as a midfielder. He competed with the Italy national football team in the 1912 Summer Olympics.

## Career

At club level, Bontadini played for Calcio Ausonia, Milan, and Inter. At international level, Bontadini was also a member of the Italian Olympic squad in 1912 and played one match in the main tournament as well as two matches in the consolation tournament. He scored one goal in each tournament.
# Frederik Christian Funck

Frederik Christian Funck (30 August 1783 – 2 December 1866) was a Danish cellist and composer. He was the brother of Peter Ferdinand Funck and nephew of Claus and Peder Schall, all also musicians.
From the age of 10, Funck was taught by his maternal uncle Peder Schall, himself an accomplished cellist. On 20 January 1798, at the age of 14, he performed at a concert organised by the Danish Golden Age composer Christoph Ernst Friedrich Weyse. The following year he joined the Royal Danish Orchestra, which lays claim to being the world's oldest orchestra, having been in existence in some form since 1448. In 1815 he went on a concert tour of Russia, Finland and Sweden. In 1817, after his return to Denmark, he regularly performed in Copenhagen. The critics praised his virtuosity, beautiful clear tone and masterful playing; an 1821 review stated that "he has claimed his reputation as an excellent solo player both here in Sweden and in Russia, and even the Master Bernhard Romberg acknowledged him as such".
In 1822 he was given a royal stipend, and for the next 2 years and he performed as a soloist in places such as Berlin, Vienna, Munich and Paris. At his concert in Vienna in 1823, he performed one of his few compositions: Variationer for Violoncel med Kvartetakkompagnement. In 1831 he visited Norway and in 1849 he celebrated his 50th year as a member of the Royal Danish Orchestra. He remained a member until 1857, when he left at the age of 74, after 58 years. His final performance as a soloist was in 1852 at the Musikforeningen in Copenhagen, as it was coming into its prime as the leading concert venue in Denmark.
# Dubnov

Dubnov or Dubnow (Russian: Дубнов) is a Russian masculine surname originating from the noun dub ('oak'), which characterized stubborn and strong men; its feminine counterpart is Dubnova or Dubnowa. Notable people with the surname include:
* Eugene Dubnov (1949–2019), Jewish-born Russian poet
* Shlomo Dubnov, American-Israeli computer music researcher and composer
* Simon Dubnow (1860–1941), Jewish-Russian historian, writer and activist
** Dubnow Garden in Tel Aviv, Israel
# Rádio Bandeirantes

Rádio Bandeirantes (RB) is a Brazilian news radio network, based in São Paulo, property of Grupo Bandeirantes de Comunicação. It began broadcasting on May 6, 1937 as an all-news service (i.e. broadcasting news only).
RB operates on the frequencies of 840 kHz (AM) and 90.9 MHz (FM)

## Crew

Its anchor journalists are Salomão Esper, Pedro Campos, Thays Freitas, Joel Datena, Marco Antônio Sabino, Danilo Gobatto, Ronald Gimenez, Milton Parron and Ricardo Capriotti (Sports).
# Peedika Rajanna Dora

Peedika Rajanna Dora is an Indian politician who served as the 9th Deputy Chief Minister of Andhra Pradesh and Member of Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly from Salur Assembly constituency from 2009. He also served as Minister for Tribal Welfare.