OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# University of Sydney Faculty of Science

The Faculty of Science is a constituent body of the University of Sydney, Australia. It was established in 1882.
In 2019 the faculty had a total student enrolment of 13,468 (21.2% of all students), thus making it the university's largest faculties and schools.
At the undergraduate level, the faculty offers the degrees of Bachelor of Science (also in two additional streams: Advanced; Advanced Mathematics), Bachelor of Liberal Arts and Sciences, Bachelor of Psychology, and Bachelor of Medical Science.
As of 2023, the Dean of the faculty is Professor Marcel Dinger.

## History

Teaching of science at the university began in 1852 (university was established in 1850), however the first professors were based within the Faculty of Arts. The Faculty of Science itself was established in 1882.
The first professor of mathematics and natural philosophy was Morris Pell, who was appointed in 1852.

## Organisation

The faculty is divided into 8 schools.

### Schools

* School of Chemistry
* School of Geosciences
* School of History and Philosophy of Science
* School of Life and Environmental Sciences
* School of Mathematics and Statistics
* School of Physics
* School of Psychology
* School of Veterinary Science

### Institutes

* The University of Sydney Institute of Agriculture, previously known as the Faculty of Agriculture and Environment.
* The University of Sydney Nano Institute (Sydney Nano), previously known as the Australian Institute for Nanoscale Science and Technology (AINST).

## Partnerships

The university is one of the founding partners with the Sydney Institute of Marine Science, which includes several other universities in the Sydney area.
# Amin H. Nasser

Amin Hassan Nasser (Arabic: أمين حسن الناصر) is the President and CEO of Saudi Aramco, the world's largest oil producer. He became acting president and chief executive in May 2015 before assuming the position permanently in September 2015. During his tenure at Aramco, he has criticized fossil fuel divestment and promoted expansion and investment into oil production.

## Education

Nasser holds a bachelor's degree in petroleum engineering from the King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals in Dhahran. He completed the Saudi Aramco Management Development Seminar in Washington, D.C., in 1999; the Saudi Aramco Global Business Program in 2000; and the Senior Executive Program at Columbia University in 2002.

## Career

Nasser began his career with Saudi Aramco in 1982 as an engineer in the oil production department and proceeded to work in drilling and reservoir management. In 1997, he became manager of the Ras Tanura Producing Department. Later he became manager of the Northern Area Production Engineering Department, as well as the Safaniya Aramco.com Offshore and Onshore Producing Departments. He was appointed Chief Petroleum Engineer in 2004 and became Senior Vice President of Saudi Aramco's Upstream operations in 2008. Nasser became acting President and CEO of Aramco in May 2015, and was made permanent in September 2015.
As CEO, he led the company's response to drone and missile attacks on its facilities in September 2019.
Prior to Aramco's initial public offering (IPO), he led the company's entry into the global debt and capital markets with its first bond issuance. He oversaw Aramco's 2019 IPO in which it became the world's most valuable listed company, and led its 2020 acquisition of Saudi petrochemicals giant SABIC.
In 2021, amid growing pressure for fossil fuel companies to become greener to contribute to climate change mitigation, Nasser warned countries against divesting in fossil fuels, arguing that it would cause inflation and unrest.

## Other

Nasser is on the Society of Petroleum Engineers's Industry Advisory Council, the International Advisory Board (IAB) of the KFUPM, the Board of Trustees of the King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), the World Economic Forum's International Business Council, the JPMorgan International Advisory Council, the MIT President CEO Advisory Board and the Board of BlackRock.
In July 2020, he received the ICIS Kavaler Award, which recognizes outstanding achievement in petrochemicals. Nasser ranked first on the Forbes Middle East's list of top 100 CEOs in the region for 2020.
# Bernarda Bryson Shahn

Bernarda Bryson Shahn (March 7, 1903 – December 12, 2004) was an American painter and lithographer. She also wrote and illustrated children's books including The Zoo of Zeus and Gilgamesh. The artist Ben Shahn was her "life companion" and they married in 1969, shortly before his death.

## Personal life

Bernarda Bryson was born in Athens, Ohio, where her father owned the Athens Morning Journal and her mother was a Latin professor. Both of her parents were politically active and liberal. Her maternal grandfather was also politically active, with his home a stop on the underground railroad. In Ohio, she studied art, including etching, and art history at several schools including Ohio University, Ohio State University, and the Cleveland School of Art, and learned lithography from a friend. She married young, divorced, and then worked for a newspaper in Columbus, the Ohio State Journal, writing about art news, and teaching printmaking for the museum school at the Columbus Museum of Art. On a trip to New York in 1932 (or 1933) to interview Diego Rivera, during the production of his Rockefeller Center murals, she met his assistant Ben Shahn. After moving to New York shortly after completing the interview, Bryson reconnected with Shahn and they moved to Washington, DC. Bryson and Shahn had three children together and eventually settled in Roosevelt, New Jersey. She died at her home in Roosevelt at the age of 101 on December 12, 2004.

## Career

Already a trained printmaker, Bryson worked for the Depression-era Resettlement Administration, later part of the Farm Security Administration on a project with Shahn in the 1930s to document rural life. Her lithographs from this series were first printed in the studio she and Shahn established in Washington for the Resettlement Administration and published in full in 1995 as The Vanishing American Frontier. In 1939, Bryson and Shahn produced a set of 13 murals for the Treasury Department Art Project's Section of Fine Arts entitled Resources of America inspired by Walt Whitman's poem "I See America Working" and installed at the United States Post Office-Bronx Central Annex. Bryson worked primarily as an illustrator beginning in the 1940s, producing works for Harpers as well as Life, Seventeen, and Scientific American, and later for several children's books. These included "Zoo of Zeus" in 1964 and "Gilgamesh in 1967". Her illustrations of the Princeton University Eating Club and of Senator Taft as he is groomed for his 1948 Republican Presidential Candidacy exemplify her minimalistic representation of satire and straightforward style. She continued painting throughout her life in a figurative style often with references to Classical mythology, and she worked was exhibited in solo shows at galleries in New York and New Jersey. Her paintings are owned by collections including the Whitney Museum of Art.
# Stanislav Savchenko

Stanislav Savchenko (born 21 January 1967) is a Ukrainian chess grandmaster (1993). He took part in the FIDE World Chess Championship 2002, but was knocked out in the first round by Francisco Vallejo Pons.
He played for Ukraine in the Chess Olympiads of 1996 and 1998. In 1997 he tied for first through third place with Giorgi Bagaturov and Alexander Moroz in the Danko Chess Tournament in Yenakiieve. In 2006 he tied for first with Boris Chatalbashev in the 4th Georgiev-Kesarovski tournament. In 2007 he tied for first with Sergey Fedorchuk in Bad Zwesten Open.
On the May 2010 FIDE list his Elo rating is 2553.
Notable Games Savchenko-Sandler Belgorod,1989 Benoni, Taimanov Variation 1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 e6 3.Nc3 c5 4.d5 exd5 5.cxd5 d6 6.e4 g6 7.f4 Bg7 8.Bb5+ Nbd7 9.e5 dxe5 10.fxe5 Nh5 11.e6 Qh4+ 12.g3 Nxg3 13.hxg3 Qxh1 14.exd7+ Bxd7 15.Qe2+ Kd8 16.Bg5+ f6 17.O-O-O Re8 18.Qf1 fxg5 19.Bxd7 Kxd7 20.Qb5+ Kd6 21.Qxb7 Bxc3 22.Qc6+ Ke7 23.d6+ 1-0
# Rızvan Şahin

Rızvan Şahin (born 30 October 1981) is a Turkish former footballer who played as a defender.
# Virginie Viard

Virginie Viard (born 1962) is a French fashion designer who was the creative director of Chanel from 2019 to 2024.

## Early life

Viard grew up in Dijon. Her father is a ski champion turned surgeon; her maternal grandparents were silk manufacturers.
Viard studied at Le Cours Georges, a fashion school in Lyon, where she specialized in film and theatrical costume. She spent a year in London.

## Career

Viard began her career as an assistant to costume designer Dominique Borg.
In 1987, Viard joined Chanel where she worked in embroidery. Thereafter, she followed Karl Lagerfeld to Chloé.
Viard left Chloé with Lagerfeld in 1997, returning to Chanel studio as director of the fashion design studio. In 2000, she became director of Chanel’s creation studio, where she oversaw the haute couture, ready-to-wear and accessories collections. She worked closely with Lagerfeld on all 10 collections that Chanel produces each year.
Beginning with the cruise 2019 show in late 2018, Chanel had Viard take a bow with Lagerfeld after the show, and, in January, she appeared solo at the end of the brand’s two haute couture shows, with the brand explaining that Lagerfeld was “tired.” She was appointed artistic director of Chanel fashion house in Paris from 2019, following Lagerfeld's death.
Viard's first solo collection was in Chanel's Resort / Cruise 2020 show, held in the Grand Palais, on May 3, 2019.

## Other activities

Viard designed the costumes for Krzysztof Kieślowski’s Three Colours: Blue (1993) and was in charge of the wardrobe for Three Colours: White (1994).
In 2015, when Lagerfeld accepted the role of creative director of the Hyères Festival, Viard presided over the fashion jury.

## Personal life

Viard has four siblings: Arnaud [fr], Françoise, Marianne and Benjamin.
# Zechariah Isaiah Jolles

Zechariah Isaiah Jolles (Yiddish: זכריה ישעיה יאללעס, romanized: Zekharyah Yeshayah Yolles; July 23, 1814 – May 14, 1852) was a rabbinical scholar and writer.

## Biography

Zechariah Isaiah Jolles was born into a prominent family in Lemberg around 1814. He settled in Minsk in 1834 after marrying the daughter of Jacob Dokshitzer, one of the wealthiest Jews of that city.
Though Jolles sympathized with the Haskalah movement, he criticized Maskilim who "who had forgotten Torah" alongside rabbinical scholars who eschewed secular knowledge. He reportedly sided with Max Lilienthal when the latter visited Minsk in 1844 to convince the Jews to establish schools in accordance with the governmental program.
Jolles' published works include Dover mesharim (Lemberg, 1831), on the Haggahot ha-Shas attributed to Mordecai Jaffe, and Et le-dabber (Lemberg, 1834), an epistle to candidates for the rabbinate. He also wrote novellæ on the code of Maimonides and responsa, published posthumously by his son Süssman Jolles under the title Zekher Yeshayahu, and is said to have written more than twenty-five other works on rabbinical and academic subjects. Some of his other writings, including letters, poetry, and mathematical works, were published as Sefer ha-Torah ve-ha-ḥokhmah in 1913.

## Publications

* Dover mesharim. Lemberg. 1831.
* Et le-dabber. Lemberg. 1834.
* Zekher Yeshayahu. Vol. 1–2. Vilna. 1881.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
* Sefer ha-Torah ve-ha-ḥokhmah. 1913.
# Al-Qasr, Karak

Al-Qasr (Arabic: القصر, romanized: Al-Qaṣr) is one of the districts of Karak governorate, Jordan.
# Afan

Afan may refer to:
* Afan (trail), see CTC off-road trail grades § Difficult
* Afan, Iran, a village in Mangur-e Sharqi Rural District, Khalifan District, Mahabad County, West Azerbaijan Province, Iran
* River Afan or Avon or Avan, a river in southwest Wales
* Saint Afan (Welsh: Sant Afan Buellt), Welsh bishop and saint of the 6th century
* The Lords of Afan, Lordship in Wales
* Afan, a previous name of the District of Port Talbot
# Mo Wuping

Mo Wuping (Chinese: 莫五平; pinyin: Mò Wǔpíng; 5 September 1958, Hengyang, Hunan – 2 June 1993, Beijing) was a Chinese contemporary classical composer. He entered the Central Conservatory of Music in Beijing to study composition with Luo Zhongrong in 1983. In 1990 he went to France and study with Yoshihisa Taira in École Normale de Musique de Paris. He became a member of SACEM in 1992. He died in Beijing in 1993.
Mo's son Mo Mo is a cellist.
# Shukyrtuz

Shukyrtuz (Russian: Шукыртуз) is a salt lake in Klyuchevsky District, Altai Krai, Russian Federation.
The lake is located at the western edge of the Krai. The Russia-Kazakhstan border lies 38 kilometers (24 mi) to the southwest. The nearest inhabited places are Novopoltava and Istimis. Klyuchi, the district capital, lies 19 kilometers (12 mi) to the southwest.
In 1998 the lake was declared a natural monument of regional significance. In some parts of the lake there is viscous black mud with a hydrogen sulphide smell which is deemed to have medicinal properties.

## Geography

Located in the Kulunda Plain, Shukyrtuz has a drop shape. It stretches for approximately 4 kilometers (2.5 mi) with the point in the north. The northern shore rises up to 2 meters (6 ft 7 in) in height and is cut in places by gullies, while the southern shore is flat and gently sloping. The lake is shallow, with a maximum depth in the central area not exceeding 1.6 meters (5 ft 3 in). The bottom is sandy and silty. The water is saline, with a high mineralization reaching 180 grams per liter (29 oz/imp gal).
Lake Petukhovo lies 7 kilometers (4.3 mi) to the south, Krivaya Puchina 6 kilometers (3.7 mi) to the NNW, and larger lake Kuchuk 33 kilometers (21 mi) to the northeast.

## Flora and fauna

The lake is surrounded by flat steppe landscape. The vegetation includes fescue, wormwood, milkvetch, feather grass, Limonium and saltwort. The lake provides a habitat for Artemia salina crustaceans. There is no fish fauna.
# Albanian National Front Party

The Albanian National Front Party (Albanian: Partia Balli Kombëtar Shqiptar, PBK) is a nationalist political party in Albania, Kosovo, and North Macedonia.

## History

In the 2001 elections it was part of the Union for Victory (Bashkimi për Fitoren) coalition which received 37.1% of the vote and 46 members of parliament.

## PBK Council

Members of the Council:
* Chairman: Adriatik Alimadhi
* Deputy Chairman: Majlinda Toro
* Chairman of National Council: Luan Myftiu
* Secretary General: Arben Hoxha
* Organizing Secretary: Kujtim Lamaj
# Kurt Cobain Memorial Park

Kurt Cobain Memorial Park (also called Kurt Cobain Landing) is a park in Aberdeen, Washington and the first official, full-scale memorial to Nirvana frontman Kurt Cobain in his hometown.
A welcome sign to the city installed in 2005 which obliquely says "Come As You Are", but does not mention Cobain by name, was the first official recognition of the musician who died by suicide in April 1994. The Memorial Park, initially built in Felony Flats on city-owned land near his Aberdeen home in 2011, and maintained by local volunteers as Kurt Cobain Landing, was adopted by the city of Aberdeen in 2015, 21 years after his death. As recently as 2011, a motion not to rename the adjacent Young Street Bridge after Cobain was applauded at a city council meeting.$^{:99}$
The lyrics of the Nirvana song "Something in the Way" are about the Young Street Bridge. The lyrics to the song are etched on an aluminum plaque posted in the park.
A granite memorial headstone inscribed with Cobain quotes rests in the park. Part of one of the quotes was sandblasted away because the city mayor found the phrase "[drugs] will fuck you up" offensive.
   Cobain immortalized the bridge through music, but now the bridge immortalizes Cobain.
   Aberdeen’s must-see Cobain site is a small park, opened in 2011 by the Kurt Cobain Memorial Foundation, called Kurt Cobain Landing, which sits at the foot of the Young Street Bridge, the inspiration for the song "Something in the Way." Cobain claimed that he lived under the bridge for a time, and while most who knew him don’t think he did, it was clearly one of his preferred hangouts. Set along the banks of the murky Wishkah River, the strangely appealing little park features a guitar sculpture, a likeness of Cobain with the lyrics to "Something in the Way," a headstone with some amusing Cobain quotes (sample: "I’m a walking bacterial infection"), a Kurt Cobain "air guitar" sculpture and a collage of Nirvana-related graffiti under the bridge itself.
# Newton College (Peru)

Newton College is a Peruvian British co-educational private school in Lima, Peru. It was founded in 1979 with the purpose of offering a modern, humanistic, technological education. It was to be British in outlook but with an international philosophy.
It is a semi-immersion, bilingual school delivering 50% of the curriculum in English and 50% in Spanish up to Year 3. As students progress through the school more of the curriculum is taught in English and for the IB Diploma Programme students may study five of their six chosen courses in English. Newton College was the first school in Peru to deliver the International Baccalaureate curriculum. It offers all its students the Primary Years Programme (2-11 year olds), the Middle Years Programme (11-16 year-olds), and the Diploma Programme (16-18 years olds).
The curriculum gives equal importance to all subjects and all three creative arts (Music, Drama and Visual Art) are taught to all students up to Year 8, when they become optional courses. All students learn to play a musical instrument from the age of 5. The school also offers a wide range of extra-curricular activities: community service projects, all major sports, Drama Club, Model United Nations, debating, gardening, scouts, etc.
Newton College has approximately 1,560 students, 85% of whom are Peruvian. It is located in an 11 hectare campus next to a lake in the leafy suburb of la Molina. It has facilities, extensive sports fields and beautiful gardens. In addition, the school owns a large plot of land in the Amazon rainforest - the Sachavacayoc Centre, in the district of Tambopata (Madre de Dios), where there is a purpose-built study centre that allows secondary- aged students to study the different ecosystems and collect data for their IBDP Geography and Biology investigations; university students may apply to do postgraduate research at the centre.
In 2006, the British newspaper, The Guardian Weekly, listed it as "one of the eight leading British-style, bilingual, international schools in the world".

## The House System

At Newton College students are divided into four houses that compete throughout the year in academic, cultural and sports activities such as football, volleyball, rugby, swimming, cross country, chess, quizzes, scavenge, debates, among others, in order to obtain the school shield. The four houses are Lancaster, Tudor, Windsor, and York, named after the British royal houses.

## Notable alumni

* Claudia Llosa, film director, writer and producer, nominated for Best Foreign Language film
* Nicolás Pacheco, sport shooter, competed in the 2012 Summer Olympics and 2020 Summer Olympics
* Maser Madueño, President of the Peruvian Rugby Federation (2013—2016)
# Balkhi

Balkhi (Persian: بلخی, "from/ of Balkh," a city in modern-day Afghanistan) may refer to:
People:
* Abu Ma'shar al-Balkhi (787-886), Afghan astrologer, astronomer and Islamic philosopher
* Abu-Shakur Balkhi (915-?), Persian poet
* Abu Zayd al-Balkhi (850-934), Persian geographer, mathematician, physician, psychologist and scientist
* Hiwi al-Balkhi, 9th century exegete and Biblical critic
* Ismael Balkhi (1918-1968), Afghan political activist and Hazara reformist leader
* Jalal ad-Din Muhammad Balkhi (1207-1273), better known in the English-speaking world as Rumi, Persian Muslim poet, jurist, theologian and Sufi mystic
* Rabia Balkhi, possibly first female New Persian poet believed to have lived in the 10th century
* Ibn Balkhi, a conventional name for a 12th-century Iranian historian and author of the Persian book Fārs-Nāma
* Sediqa Balkhi, Afghan politician
* Sultan Balkhi, 14th-century Muslim preacher based in Bengal
* Fasihuddin Balkhi, Indian Author and Historian
# Veli-Matti Puumala

Veli-Matti Puumala (born 18 July 1965, Kaustinen, Finland) is a Finnish composer. He is currently (since 2005) the professor of composition at the Sibelius Academy.
Puumala studied composition in Helsinki under Paavo Heininen from 1984 to 1993 and in Siena under Franco Donatoni in 1989 and 1990. His musical style is rooted in European Modernism, but has been also described to contain stylised references to folk music and modal elements. In addition to instrumental and vocal music, Puumala has also composed a number of electronic works and one radiophonic work, Rajamailla (Borderlands), which won the Prix Italia in 2001. His piano concerto Seeds of Time was awarded the Teosto Prize by the Finnish Composers' Copyright Society in 2005, and in 2011 he was awarded the Erik Bergman Jubilee Prize "in recognition of his excellent, versatile work continuing the ethical and spiritual tradition of Modernism". Puumala is also known as a musical educator: he has taught music theory since 1989 and composition since 1997 at the Sibelius Academy and was appointed as a professor of composition in 2005.

## Selected works

* Scroscio (1989) for chamber ensemble
* Verso (1990–91) for chamber ensemble
* Ghirlande (1992) for chamber ensemble
* Line to Clash (1991–93) for orchestra
* Tutta via (1992–93) for chamber orchestra
* String Quartet (1994)
* Chant Chains (1994–95) for chamber orchestra
* Chains of Camenæ (1995–96) for orchestra
* Soira (1996) for accordion and chamber orchestra
* Chainsprings (1995–97) for orchestra
* Taon (1998-2000) for double bass and chamber orchestra
* Seeds of Time (2004) for piano and orchestra
* Mure (2008) for chamber ensemble
* Anna Liisa (2001–08), opera in three acts, libretto by the composer and Tiina Käkelä-Puumala based on a play by Minna Canth.
* Rope (2010–12) for orchestra
* Tear (2012–13) for chamber orchestra
* Rime (2012–13) for string orchestra
* Root (2015-17) for orchestra
# Mihály Pataki

Mihály Pataki (7 December 1893 in Budapest – 28 November 1977 in Budapest) was a Hungarian amateur football player who competed in the 1912 Summer Olympics. He was a member of the Hungarian Olympic squad and played one match in the main tournament and one in the consolation tournament. In the final of the consolation tournament, Pataki scored one goal against Austria. He also briefly served as Hungary's national football team manager in 1930.
# František Slavík (athlete)

František Slavík (25 September 1888 – 2 October 1926) was a Czech long-distance runner. He competed for Bohemia in the marathon at the 1912 Summer Olympics.
# Zhamantuz, Aktogay District

Zhamantuz (Kazakh: Жамантұз) is a salt lake in the Aktogay District, Pavlodar Region, Kazakhstan.
The lake lies 20 kilometers (12 mi) to the east of Barlybai village. The area surrounding Zhamantuz is used for livestock grazing.

## Geography

Zhamantuz is an endorheic lake of the Ishim Plain, at the southern end of the West Siberian Plain. It is part of the Irtysh river basin. The lake lies at an elevation of 110 meters (360 ft). The Irtysh flows 33 kilometers (21 mi) to the northeast of the lake.
Zhamantuz has a roughly hourglass shape, with a smaller northern part connected to the southern through a narrow sound. The lake freezes in late November and stays under ice until the second half of March. It usually dries in the summer. There are a number of other lakes in its vicinity, such as Koserin 5 kilometers (3.1 mi) to the east, Aralsor 9 kilometers (5.6 mi) to the NNW, Karakaska 22 kilometers (14 mi) to the WSW, and Taikonyr 29 kilometers (18 mi) to the southeast. 72 kilometers (45 mi) to the SSW lies larger lake Zhalauly.

## Flora and fauna

Zhamantuz is known as a "dead lake" (Kazakh: тұйық көл) in Kazakh. Reeds grow in stretches of the shore. The lake is used for watering cattle in the spring.