# Bao'an, Shenzhen

Bao'an District (Chinese: 宝安区) is one of the nine districts comprising the city of Shenzhen, Guangdong province. It is one of the districts formerly lying outside the Shenzhen Special Economic Zone.

## History

Bao'an was the historical name of Bao'an County (also known as Xin'an County) of the Qing dynasty, which included area of modern-day Shenzhen and Hong Kong. The area of today Bao'an District, was integrated into Shenzhen in 1979, which the Bao'an County was promoted as a city.
Bao'an was reverted into county status in 1981, as the administrative unit of the area that belongs to Shenzhen, but now belongs to Shenzhen Special Economic Zone. Border patrols were also established in the border of the Economic Zone. In 1991, Shenzhen Bao'an International Airport, located in Bao'an County, was opened.
Finally Bao'an district was established on January 1, 1993. Two New Districts (Chinese: 新区) were created as sub-districts of Bao'an district, namely Guangming and Longhua new districts, in 2007 and 2011 respectively.
In 2010, Shenzhen Special Economic Zone was enlarged to cover the whole Shenzhen city.
Bao'an became the final filming spot in the experimental Swedish documentary Logistics.
Rapid development occurred in the Bao'an District. Longhua District was separated from Bao'an and became a district on 11 October 2016. In 2018, Guangming District was also separated from Bao'an District.

## Demographics

The district had a population of 4,476,554 by November 2020. About 85% of Bao'an's population are migrants from other parts of China, most speaking Standard Chinese (Standard Mandarin). Hence this made Standard Chinese the primary Chinese variety spoken in the district. Cantonese is also widely spoken, between locals and migrants from around Guangdong Province (Canton Province).

## Public Safety

Bao'an has, as of 2008, a notoriously bad safety record. Since the turn of the millennium, the district has seen a string of high-profile abductions, robberies, and other cases of violent crime. However, in the last four years, this has become less of an issue with an increased police presence and higher average income in the district.

## Subdistricts

Bao'an District comprises ten subdistricts:
| Name | Name | Chinese (S) | Hanyu Pinyin | Canton Romanization | Population (2010) | Area (km$^2$) |
| Xin'an Subdistrict | Xin'an Subdistrict | 新安街道 | Xīn'ān Jiēdào | sen1 ngon1 gai1 dou6 | 410,056 | 30.90 |
| Xixiang Subdistrict | Xixiang Subdistrict | 西乡街道 | Xīxiāng Jiēdào | sei1 hêng1 gai1 dou6 | 580,736 | 106.00 |
| Songgang Subdistrict | Songgang Subdistrict | 松岗街道 | Sōnggǎng Jiēdào | cung4 gong1 gai1 dou6 | 398,153 | 64.00 |
| Shajing Subdistrict | Shajing Subdistrict | 沙井街道 | Shājǐng Jiēdào | sa1 zéng2 gai1 dou6 | 529,041 | 60.00 |
| Fuyong Subdistrict | Fuyong Subdistrict | 福永街道 | Fúyǒng Jiēdào | fug1 wing5 gai1 dou6 | 472,792 | 66.20 |
| Shiyan Subdistrict | Shiyan Subdistrict | 石岩街道 | Shíyán Jiēdào | ség6 ngam4 gai1 dou6 | 248,139 | 64.60 |
| Hangcheng Subdistrict | Hangcheng Subdistrict | 航城街道 | Hángchēng Jiēdào | | | |
| Fuhai Subdistrict | Fuhai Subdistrict | 福海街道 | Fúhǎi Jiēdào | | | |
| Xinqiao Subdistrict | Xinqiao Subdistrict | 新桥街道 | Xīnqiáo Jiēdào | | | |
| Yanluo Subdistrict | Yanluo Subdistrict | 燕罗街道 | Yànluō Jiēdào | | | |

## Economy

Bao'an is predominantly a secondary sector economy as industrial center famous for having a concentration electronics factories, mostly in Xixiang and Guanlan sub-districts. There is also a sizable service industry. Agriculture, which used to dominate the economy, has diminished in recent years. Like many parts of Shenzhen, high-rises can be found all over Bao'an.
Four airlines are headquartered on the grounds of Shenzhen Bao'an International Airport: Shenzhen Airlines, Jade Cargo International, Shenzhen Donghai Airlines, and SF Airlines.

## Transportation

Shenzhen Bao'an International Airport is situated in this district. Guangzhou–Shenzhen intercity railway also travel through the district. Shenzhen metro lines 1, 5, 6, 11, 12 and 20 go through the district at some point.

### Regional Railway

* Guangzhou–Shenzhen intercity Shenzhen Airport, Shenzhen Airport North, Fuhai West, Shajing West

### Shenzhen Metro

Bao'an is currently served by six metro lines operated by Shenzhen Metro:
* Line 1 - Xin'an, Bao'an Center 5, Bao'an Stadium, Pingzhou, Xixiang, Gushu, Hourui, Airport East 12
* Line 5 - Baohua, Bao'an Center 1, Fanshen, Lingzhi 12, Honglang North, Xingdong
* Line 6 - Songgang 11, Xitou, Songgang Park, Shangwu, Guantian
* Line 11 - Bitou, Songgang 6, Houting, Shajing, Ma'an Hill, Tangwei, Qiaotou, Fuyong 12, Airport North 20, Airport, Bihaiwan, Bao'an
* Line 12 - Xin'an Park, Lingzhi 5, Shangchuan, Liutang, Bao'an Passenger Transport Terminal, Baotian 1st Road, Pingluan Hill, Xixiang Taoyuan, Zhongwu South, Huangtian, Xingwei, Airport East 1, Fuwei, Huaide, Fuyong 11, Qiaotou West, Fuhai West, Shenzhen World 20, Shenzhen World North 20, Waterlands Resort South, Waterlands Resort East
* Line 20 - Convention & Exhibition City, Shenzhen World North 12, Shenzhen World 12, Shenzhen World South, Airport North 11

## Education

Primary schools include:
* Xiwan Primary School (西湾小学)

### Schools operated by the Shenzhen Municipal government

* Shenzhen No. 7 Senior High School (深圳市第七高级中学) - Shajing Subdistrict