OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Muggsy Spanier

Francis Joseph "Muggsy" Spanier (November 9, 1901 – February 12, 1967) was an American jazz cornetist based in Chicago. He was a member of the Bucktown Five, pioneers of the "Chicago style" that straddled traditional Dixieland jazz and swing.

## Life and career

Spanier was born in Chicago, Illinois, United States. At thirteen, he began playing the cornet and played with Elmer Schoebel in 1921. He borrowed the sobriquet of "Muggsy" from John "Muggsy" McGraw, the manager of the New York Giants baseball team. In the early 1920s, he played with the Bucktown Five.
In 1929, he became a member of a band led by Ted Lewis, then spent two years with Ben Pollack. After an illness, he assembled the eight-man group Muggsy Spanier and His Ragtime Band. In 1939, the band recorded several sessions of Dixieland standards for Bluebird Records, that were later called The Great Sixteen and influenced a Dixieland revival.
The band's members included George Brunies (later Brunis - trombone and vocals), Rod Cless (clarinet), George Zack or Joe Bushkin (piano), Ray McKinstry, Nick Ciazza or Bernie Billings (tenor sax), and Bob Casey (bass).
His other most important ventures were the quartet he co-led with Sidney Bechet (the 'Big Four') in 1940. From 1940 until 1941 he played with Bob Crosby. In the 1950s, he moved to the West Coast and joined Earl Hines's band from 1957 until 1959. After touring Europe, he retired in 1964.

## Songs

The Ragtime Band's theme tune was "Relaxin' at the Touro", composed by Spanier and Joe Bushkin, named for Touro Infirmary, the New Orleans hospital where Spanier had been treated for a perforated ulcer early in 1938. At the point of death, he was saved by Dr. Alton Ochsner who drained the fluid and eased his weakened breathing. One of Spanier's Dixieland numbers is a song he composed entitled, "Oh Doctor Ochsner."
"Relaxin' at the Touro" is a fairly straightforward 12-bar blues, with a piano introduction and coda by Joe Bushkin. The pianist recalled, many years later: "When I finally joined Muggsy in Chicago (having left Bunny Berigan's failing big band) we met to talk it over at the Three Deuces, where Art Tatum was appearing." Muggsy was now playing opposite Fats Waller at the Sherman hotel and we worked out a kind of stage show for the two bands. Muggsy was a man of great integrity. "We played a blues in C and I made up a little intro. After that I was listed as the co-composer of 'Relaxin' at the Touro'".

## Personal life

In 1950, in Chicago, Spanier's second marriage was to Ruth Gries O’Connell. He became the stepfather of her sons, Hollywood film writer and director Tom Gries (died 1977) and Charles Joseph Gries, later professionally known as Buddy Charles, a pop and jazz vocalist and pianist in Chicago. When Spanier was performing at a concert in Chicago in 1956, Buddy Charles was performing at the nearby Black Orchid nightclub. Spanier was heard to exclaim "that's my boy."
Muggsy Spanier died in Sausalito, California, in February 1967, after years of ill health. He was 65.
# Neila Gonji

Neila Gonji (born 18 September 1959) is a Tunisian politician. She was Minister of Industry, Energy and Mines in the Bouden Government from 2021 till 2023.
# Finance department, Punjab (Pakistan)

The Punjab Finance Department is a department of the Government of Punjab, Pakistan. It is responsible for supervision and control of provincial finances, preparation of provincial budget, formulation of financial rules and management of public debt. It is headed by a provincial minister with the coordination of a finance secretary.

## Functions

The major functions of Finance Department are:
* Management of public funds
* Framing of financial rules for guidance of departments
* Supervision of accounts of provincial departments
* Flotation and administration of provincial loans
* Administration of public revenue
* Audit matters of provincial receipts and expenditure

## Wings

Following are the main Wings of Finance Department to perform and manage the functions of the department:
* Budget Wing
* resource wing
* admin wing
* Regulations Wing
* Local Government Finance
* Economic Services Wing
* Education and Youth affairs wing
* Health and agriculture wing
* Monitoring Wing

## Attached Departments
### Punjab Revenue Authority

Punjab Revenue Authority is Semi Autonomous Revenue Administration for the collection of tax on services in the province. After Eighteenth Amendment to the Constitution of Pakistan collection of sales tax on Services was transferred to provincial governments by federal government.

### Local Fund Audit

Local Fund Audit (LFA) Department is responsible for personnel administration of the Treasuries and Local Fund Audit establishments.

### Risk Management Unit

Risk Management Unit (RMU) is the fiscal guardian for projects using Public Private Partnership (PPP) approach for procurement of infrastructure projects.

### Punjab Pension Fund

Punjab Pension Fund (PPF) Punjab Pension Fund, a body corporate, was formed after the promulgation of Punjab Pension Fund Act in 2007. The purpose of the Fund is to generate revenue for the discharge of pension liabilities of the Government. Punjab Pension fund is managing two tpes of funds, Punjab Pension Fund (PPF) and Punjab General Provident Investment Fund (PGPIF).
# Adrien Demuth

Adrien Demuth (born 14 April 1991) is a French chess grandmaster.

## Chess career

Born in 1991, Demuth earned his international master title in 2011 and his grandmaster title in 2015. He is the No. 14 ranked French player as of March 2018.
# Chorisodontium aciphyllum

Chorisodontium aciphyllum is a species of moss found primarily on both sides of the Drake Passage. The species exhibits an extreme degree of cryptobiosis – the ability of a life form to enter a non-metabolic state, extending life indefinitely.

## Description

Chorisodontium aciphyllum grows in banks along the Antarctic coast in the Drake Passage region. It has also been found in Argentina, Chile, Antarctica, New Zealand, and South Georgia. As the moss banks grow taller, the layers more than an inch below the surface turn brown from lack of sun exposure and eventually become part of the permafrost. The mounds of moss can grow to be more than 9 feet (2.7 m) tall.
Chorisodontium aciphyllum was first described by Joseph Dalton Hooker and William M. Wilson in 1844 as Dicranum aciphyllum in the London Journal of Botany. Viktor Ferdinand Brotherus reclassified the species into its current genus in 1924.

## Cryptobiosis

In 2014, terrestrial ecologist Peter Convey and his colleagues from the British Antarctic Survey and the University of Reading discovered that C. aciphyllum remains viable after being frozen for more than 1,500 years. Samples of the moss were harvested from Signy Island in Antarctica using a coring drill and taken to the University of Reading for analysis. The 4.5-foot (1.4 m) core was cut into 8-inch (20 cm) sections and exposed to light and temperature levels common to the regions in which the moss grows naturally. After three to eight weeks, depending on sample, new growth was visible. Convey said contamination was not a plausible explanation for the observed growth because only clean saws were used and because C. aciphyllum does not produce spores in the Antarctic region. The deepest (oldest) sample was dated between 1,533 and 1,697 years old using radio-carbon dating techniques. The findings were published in Current Biology.
Previously, it was believed that a multi-cellular organism could only survive in a non-metabolic state of "suspended animation" known as cryptobiosis for a few decades. Cases of bacteria and other single-celled microbes were previously known. No moss had previously been documented to survive more than 20 years frozen, but moss stems frozen under Teardrop Glacier on Ellesmere Island for 400 years had spawned new growth when ground up and placed in petri dishes. Using complex cloning techniques, 31,000-year-old seeds of Silene stenophylla were revived in 2012.
# Simon Wilde

Simon Wilde (born 1960) is an English cricket journalist and author. He has written for The Times and The Sunday Times since 1998, and is currently the latter's cricket correspondent. Three of his books have been short-listed for the William Hill Sports Book of the Year award: Ranji: A Genius Rich and Strange (1990), Letting Rip: The Fast Bowling Threat from Lillee to Waqar (1994) and Shane Warne: Portrait of a Flawed Genius (2007).
When his book on Ranji was reissued in 2005, a reviewer in The Independent wrote that it was "superbly researched and as well written". In reviewing Wilde's book on Warne, Andrew Baker, writing in the Daily Telegraph, said that "Wilde has some pedigree in the quality cricket book market", and that the book "is a bit more than sensible and objective. It is entertaining, too..."
In recent years, he has written the annual review of events in world cricket in the previous year for Wisden Cricketers' Almanack.
He has three children and lives in Hampshire.
# Chấn line

The Chấn line (Vietnamese: chi Chấn; chữ Hán: 支震; chi can also be translated to as branch) was the fourth dynasty of Hùng kings of the Hồng Bàng period of Văn Lang (now Vietnam). Starting 2252 B.C., the line refers to the rule of Bửu Lang and his successors, when the seat of government was centered at Phú Thọ.

## History

Bửu Lang (year of birth unknown) took the regnal name of Hùng Diệp Vương (雄曄王) upon becoming Hùng king. The series of all Hùng kings following Bửu Lang took that same regnal name of Hùng Diệp Vương to rule over Văn Lang until approximately 1913 B.C.
The burial customs of this period were that the bodies lay straight. But a sick deceased was usually laid to rest curled in the fetal position.
The evidence for early Vietnamese calendar system was recorded on stone tools dating back 2200–2000 BC. Parallel lines were carved on the stone tools as a counting instrument involving the lunar calendar.
Sometimes around 2000 B.C., the Phùng Nguyên culture arose and lasted about 1000 years. At the end of its time, it must have overlapped with the cultures of the later period.
Also during this time, population from the mountainous areas moved out and began to settle in the open along the rivers to join the agricultural activities. The slash-and-burn method was introduced to create fields. In addition, the population started to raise their own animals. Archaeologists had discovered the remains of domesticated animals.
# Geoffrey Jefferson

Sir Geoffrey Jefferson CBE FRS (10 April 1886 – 29 January 1961) was a British neurologist and pioneering neurosurgeon.
Jefferson was born in Stockton-on-Tees, County Durham, the son of surgeon Arthur John Jefferson (1857–1915), and Cecilia James. He was educated in Manchester, England, obtaining his medical degree in 1909. He became a fellow of the Royal College of Surgeons two years later. He married in 1914, and moved to Canada. On the outbreak of World War I, he returned to Europe and worked at the Anglo-Russian Hospital in Petrograd, Russia, and then with the Royal Army Medical Corps in France.
After the war, he returned to Manchester, working at the Salford Royal Hospital. It was here, in 1925 that Jefferson performed the first successful embolectomy in England. By 1934, he was a neurosurgeon at the Manchester Royal Infirmary, becoming the UK's first professor of neurosurgery at the University of Manchester five years later. The Jefferson fracture, which he was the first to describe, was named after him. Manchester Royal Infirmary also honours Jefferson with the Jefferson Suite, a training area in their Medical Education Campus.
Jefferson was elected a fellow of the Royal Society in 1947. He was awarded the Lister Medal in 1948 for his contributions to surgical science. The corresponding Lister Oration, given at the Royal College of Surgeons of England, was not delivered until 1949, and was titled 'The Mind of Mechanical Man'. The subject of this lecture was the Manchester Mark 1, one of the earliest electronic computers, and Jefferson's lecture formed part of the early debate over the possibility of artificial intelligence. In 1956 he presented the Sir Hugh Cairns Memorial Lecture at the Society of British Neurological Surgeons.
The University of Manchester Library holds a collection of papers relating to Jefferson, which includes details of his early research and professional correspondence, more details of which can be found here. The University of Manchester also holds a significant collection of Jefferson's patient files, numbering approximately 3,500, which are as yet uncatalogued.
A ward at the Walton Centre is named in his honour.
In April 2021, a partnership between the Manchester Centre for Clinical Neurosciences (part of the Northern Care Alliance NHS Foundation Trust), The University of Manchester and the Manchester Academic Health Science Centre opened a new centre for discovery science and experimental medicine to rapidly translate research into healthcare benefit. The Centre develops new treatments and interventions to improve outcomes and transform the lives of patients with neurological disease and was named Geoffrey Jefferson Brain Research Centre in his honour.

## Sources

* So That Was Life: A Biography of Sir Geoffrey Jefferson, Master of the Neurosciences and Man of Letters, Peter H. Schurr, Royal Society of Medicine Press, 1997.
# Cuauhtémoc (disambiguation)

Cuauhtémoc was the last Aztec Emperor.
Cuauhtémoc or Ciudad Cuauhtémoc may also refer to:

## Places

* Cuauhtémoc, Mexico City, a borough of the Mexican Federal District
* Cuauhtémoc, Colima, Mexico
* Ciudad Cuauhtémoc, Chihuahua, Mexico
* Ciudad Cuauhtémoc, Chiapas, Mexico
* Ciudad Cuauhtémoc, Veracruz, Mexico
* Estadio Cuauhtémoc, a stadium in Puebla, Mexico

## Rapid transit stations

* Cuauhtémoc Norte (Mexibús), a BRT station in Ecatepec de Morelos, Mexico
* Cuauhtémoc Sur (Mexibús), a BRT station in Ecatepec de Morelos, Mexico
* Cuauhtémoc (Mexibús, Line 3), a BRT station in Chimalhuacán, Mexico
* Cuauhtémoc metro station (Mexico City), a station on the Mexico City Metro
* Cuauhtémoc (Mexico City Metrobús), a BRT station in Mexico City
* Cuauhtémoc metro station (Monterrey), a metro station in Monterrey, Mexico

## People with the given name

* Cuauhtémoc Blanco (born 1973), Mexican former football player and politician
* Cuauhtémoc Cárdenas (born 1934), Mexican politician
* Jose Cuauthemoc "Bill" Melendez (1916-2008), Mexican-American animator

## Other uses

* ARM Cuauhtémoc, a training ship of the Mexican Navy
* Cervecería Cuauhtémoc, a Mexican brewing corporation
* Camponotus cuauhtemoc, a species of carpenter ant
# Qian Yongnian

Qian Yongnian (born in 1933, Chinese: 钱永年), a native of Suzhou, Jiangsu, is a diplomat of the People's Republic of China.

## Biography

He graduated from the English Department of the Beijing Institute of Foreign Languages in 1952. He joined the Chinese Communist Party in 1956. He served as deputy director of the Africa Department of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs; minister-counselor of the permanent mission to the United Nations; minister-counselor and minister of the embassy to the United States; and director of the Foreign Affairs Office of the State Council. In 1990, he became China's ambassador to Indonesia after China and Indonesia reestablished diplomatic ties. Later, he served as Chairman of the China Asia-Africa Development and Exchange Association and head of the Chinese delegation to the four-party talks on the DPRK.
# French ship Junon (1747)

Junon was a 40-gun two-decker ship-frigate of the French Navy.

## Design

Junon was designed by engineer Chaillé, in an attempt to design a ship combining the firepower of a ship of the line with the nautical qualities of a frigate; in effect she was a precursor of the 24-pounder frigates inaugurated in the late 18th century with the French frigate Error: {{sclass}} invalid format code: 1794. Should be 0–5, or blank (help), systemised by the Americans with the heavy Original six frigates of the United States Navy, and perfected in the 19th century with the French two-decker 60-gun frigates of the Surveillante class.
For this purpose, Junon's hull was given a "fish-like" shape, with a wide beam at the bow of the ship, and a tighter aft. The design proved to provide poor sailing qualities: Junon had to be weighted with iron ingots for her stability, and lost six 18-pounders of her lower battery and several guns of her upper gundeck.

## Career

In 1752, she departed Toulon for a campaign off Tripoli, under Captain du Revest. In 1756, she took part in the Battle of Minorca under Captain Beaussier de la Chaulame. In January 1757, Junon sustained serious accidental damage in Port Mahon, and was used as a hulk there. In June, she ran aground, and was found to be in such bad shape that she was struck. She was sold for scrap on the spot in December.

## Citations

* 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 Roche, p.269
# Kioumars Hashemi

Kioumars Hashemi (Persian: کیومرث هاشمی; born 1965) is an Iranian executive chairman, who was the former Minister of Youth Affairs and Sports from 2023 to 2024. He also served as President of the National Olympic Committee of Iran, from 2014 to 2018.
# Dask

Dask or Desk (Persian: دسك) may refer to:
* Dask, Hormozgan
* Desk, Anbarabad, Kerman Province
* Desk, Bam, Kerman Province
* Desk-e Bala, Kerman Province
# Henri Peyre

Henri Maurice Peyre (21 February 1901 – 9 December 1988) was a French-born American linguist, literary scholar and Sterling Professor of French Emeritus at Yale University.
Peyre graduated from the École Normale Superieure and the Sorbonne and received his PhD from the Universite de Paris. In 1925 he started teaching at Bryn Mawr College, ten miles west of Philadelphia. From 1933 to 1938 he was professor of French literature at the Egyptian University in Cairo, and from 1938 to 1969 he was Sterling Professor of French at Yale University. Upon mandatory retirement at age 68 from Yale in 1969 to his retirement in 1980, he was Distinguished Professor at the City University of New York Graduate Center.
In 1930 Peyre was awarded a Guggenheim Fellowship. He was elected to the American Philosophical Society in 1953. In 1954 he received a grant from the American Council of Learned Societies to do research for his next book. He was elected to the American Academy of Arts and Sciences in 1957 and, in 1963, he was a member of the National Commission on the Humanities. In France he was made officer of the Légion d'Honneur.

## Publications

Peyre wrote about 30 books about classicism, modern literature, and higher education. A selection:
* 1932. Louis Ménard
* 1955. The contemporary French novel
* 1962. Essays on English and American literature With Leo Spitzer, and A. Hatcher.
* 1963. Literature and sincerity
* 1967. French Novelists of Today. New York: Oxford UP,
* 1968. Jean-Paul Sartre
* 2005. Henri Peyre: His Life in Letters. With John W. Kneller and Mario Maurin eds.
Articles, a selection
* 1953. "Exile by Saint-John Perse", Shenandoah, Lexington, vol. V, Winter 1953
* 1964. "André Malraux and the Arts Archived 2013-11-13 at the Wayback Machine" The Baltimore Museum of Art: Baltimore, Maryland, 1964
# Richard Clarke (radio personality)

Richard "Rich" Clarke is an English radio presenter and DJ from Worcester, England.

## Post-graduation

After graduating, Clarke was elected on to the Executive of the Student Radio Association as a Development Officer, also attaining this position within the Radio Academy. He also worked in Greater London as a DJ and a freelance radio producer.

## Career

Clarke got a break in mainstream radio when he signed to host the evening slot on CFM Radio in Carlisle. Moving from London to Cumbria, Clarke impressed station directors and was moved to the afternoon drive time. He was then offered the mid-morning slot at Wyvern FM in his home city of Worcester, presenting for two years. Clarke also regularly DJ'd at local nightclubs, often and hosted the XS concerts. A further move to Nottingham followed to host drive time on Trent FM (now Capital Midlands). This led him to meet Lucy Horobin to present Richard and Lucy. He was also the station's Deputy Programme Director, a post he had continued since working at Wyvern FM (now Free Radio Herefordshire and Worcestershire).
In January 2006, Clarke and Horobin moved north to Manchester to present a new evening show. The show was originally given the short-lived name North West's Most Wanted and aired on Key 103 and sister station Rock FM. By this time they were known as Rich and Luce. Following its success, the programme was rebranded In:Demand and launched across the Big City Network as a Bauer Radio simulcast show across the North of England. Bauer's nationwide DAB station The Hits also took the programme. At Key 103, Clarke also hosted a Saturday lunchtime show and often covered the nationwide Hit40UK when regular presenter Lucio Buffone was absent, the first time being 24 June 2007.
Clarke joined Capital London in January 2009 to host the weeknight late slot and a Sunday evening "sorting out your problems" style show. In March 2009, he was joined by new co-presenter Kat Shoob and they presented six shows a week. Clarke has covered the Capital London's Capital Breakfast whilst Johnny Vaughan was absent in July 2009. From 3 January 2011, on the newly formed Capital network, Clarke solely presented every weeknight from 19:00 until 23:00 (excluding Friday's between December 2011 and March 2012). On 2 April 2012, he moved to the weekday mid-morning slot.
In April 2009, Clarke began presenting Hit40UK in place of Lucio Buffone, whose contract was not renewed. Hit40UK was re branded as The Vodafone Big Top 40 on 14 June 2009.
On 12 December 2013 Clarke announced he was leaving The Vodafone Big Top 40 show and the mid morning show on the Capital Network. From January 2014 onwards he co-presented the breakfast show on Heart Solent.
As of 3 June 2019 he presents weekday drivetime on Heart South and Saturday drivetime across the Heart Network.

## Other activities

Clarke is a voice over artist and has voiced album campaigns. He has worked in web development with his own Trickster Media company and is a keen runner, having completed the Great North Run and the Great Manchester Run.
# Wojciechowo, Masovian Voivodeship

Wojciechowo (Polish pronunciation:) is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Siemiątkowo, within Żuromin County, Masovian Voivodeship, in east-central Poland. It lies approximately 4 kilometres (2 mi) south of Siemiątkowo, 26 km (16 mi) south of Żuromin, and 97 km (60 mi) north-west of Warsaw.