OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Irénée du Pont

Irénée du Pont I (December 21, 1876 – December 19, 1963) was an American businessman, president of the DuPont company, and head of the Du Pont trust.

## Early life and education

Irénée du Pont I was born on December 21, 1876, in New Castle, Delaware, the son of Mary Belin and Lammot du Pont I, and a descendant of DuPont founder Éleuthère Irénée du Pont. When he was eight years old, his father was killed in an explosion at the DuPont works in Repauno, New Jersey.
He graduated from the William Penn Charter School in 1892 before attending Phillips Academy for a year, graduating in 1894, and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) in 1897. He received his master's degree in chemical engineering from MIT a year after graduation. While at MIT, he was a member of the Phi Beta Epsilon fraternity.

## Career

He worked for Fenn's Manufacturing Contracting Company for a number of years before he joined DuPont in 1903. du Pont first worked in the organization of a construction division in black powder, then worked as assistant treasurer, assistant to the general manager and manager of the developmental department. By the start of World War I he was the vice president, and he was named the chairman of the executive committee a year later.
He was the elected president of DuPont from 1919 to 1925, where he oversaw the dismantling of the company's war productions from WWI. At the time of his death, he was credited with being responsible for the shift of the company from being solely dependent on explosives, to being a more diverse industrial company. He oversaw DuPont at a time when eight workers were fatally poisoned with tetraethyl lead while he issued statements about there being "slight difficulties".
He retired from the board of directors of DuPont in 1958 and was succeeded by his son Irénée du Pont Jr.

## Personal life

Du Pont married a second cousin of his, Irene Sophie du Pont, and had nine children with her: eight daughters and a son.
Du Pont built a mansion in Varadero, Cuba, which he named Xanadu. In 1957, Fortune estimated his wealth at between $200 million and $400 million, making him one of the two richest members of the Du Pont family at that time, and one of the twenty richest Americans (see Wealthiest Americans (1957)).
Du Pont, a registered Republican, voted to repeal Prohibition and was an opponent of the New Deal left-wing agenda of President Franklin Roosevelt. In the 1930s, he was a proponent of eugenics and racial superiority theories, including those formed in Nazi Germany. Du Pont was also a founder of the American Liberty League.
He died on December 19, 1963, in Wilmington, Delaware.
# Đồng Hới Citadel

Đồng Hới Citadel (Vietnamese: Thành Đồng Hới) is a citadel in the center Đồng Hới city, capital of Quảng Bình Province. This citadel is located in the vicinity of now Hùng Vương Street, Đồng Hới. Today all that remains of the citadel is one rather unsympathetically restored Quảng Bình Gate (located close to the new museum) and a section of the original wall next to Highway 1. In August 2005 Quảng Bình People's Committee announced the start of a VNĐ 31 billion restoration of this site. This is one of principal cultural sites planned to be restored by the government of Vietnam in 2001-2010.
# Niagara Falls National Heritage Area

Niagara Falls National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area encompassing the Niagara Falls region of the U.S. State of New York. The heritage area includes the communities of Niagara Falls, Youngstown and Lewiston. The designation provides a framework for the promotion and interpretation of the area's cultural and historic character, and the preservation of the natural and built environment. The heritage area designation recognizes the area's importance to Native Americans, to early European explorers of America, the American Revolution, the War of 1812 and the area's role in the Underground Railroad. The area also recognizes the contribution of the Niagara Falls region to the industrialization of the United States, as well as the development of Niagara Falls as a protected natural area.
Significant landmarks within the heritage area include the Adams Power Plant Transformer House, the Niagara Reservation, and the Colonial Niagara Historic District, all National Historic Landmarks. The Adams Power Plant was the first large alternating current generating station in the world. The Niagara Reservation, designed by Frederick Law Olmsted, was the first state park in the United States. The Colonial Niagara Historic District includes Fort Niagara, which has seen a military presence from 1678 to the present day.
A newer attraction within the heritage area is the Niagara Falls Underground Railroad Heritage Center which is operated jointly by the heritage area and the Niagara Falls Underground Railroad Heritage Commission.
Niagara Falls National Heritage Area was authorized by the Consolidated Natural Resources Act of 2008 of August, 2008. It establishes a commission of state and local agencies, Congressional nominees, nominees of the cities of Niagara Falls, Youngstown and Lewiston, and representatives of the Seneca and Tuscarora nations.
# Golden Sands (film)

Golden Sands (Icelandic: Gullsandur) is a 1984 Icelandic comedy film directed by Ágúst Guðmundsson, starring Arnar Jónsson, Edda Björgvinsdóttir and Pálmi Gestsson. It tells the story of a rumor about gold being hidden in the sands of south coast Iceland, which causes turbulence for the local community. The film was released in Icelandic cinemas on 26 December 1984.

## Cast

* Arnar Jónsson
* Edda Björgvinsdóttir
* Pálmi Gestsson
* Björgvin Halldórsson as Helgi Somi
* Jón Sigurbjörnsson
* Borgar Garðarsson
* Gestur Einar Jónasson
* Sigurður Sigurjónsson
* Ómar Ragnarsson
* Þórhallur Sigurðsson
* Haraldur Sigurðsson
# Mission style furniture

Mission furniture is a style of furniture that originated in the late 19th century. It traces its origins to a chair made by A.J. Forbes around 1894 for San Francisco's Swedenborgian Church. The term mission furniture was first popularized by Joseph P. McHugh of New York, a furniture manufacturer and retailer who copied these chairs and offered a line of stylistically related furnishings by 1898. The word mission references the Spanish missions throughout colonial California, though the design of most Mission Style furniture owed little to the original furnishings of these missions. The style became increasingly popular following the 1901 Pan-American Exposition in Buffalo. The style was popularly associated with the American Arts and Crafts movement.

## Design philosophy

Mission style is a design that emphasizes simple horizontal and vertical lines and flat panels that accentuate the grain of the wood (often oak, especially quartersawn white oak). People were looking for relief after the excesses of Victorian times and the influx of mass-produced furniture from the Industrial Revolution. The furniture maker Gustav Stickley produced Arts and Crafts movement furniture often referred to as being in the Mission Style, though Stickley dismissed the term as misleading. This was plain oak furniture that was upright, solid, and suggestive of entirely handcrafted work, though in the case of Stickley and his competitors, was constructed within a factory by both machine and handworking techniques.

## Influential people and companies

Many designers and companies played an important role in the development of the design over the years. Gustav Stickley, L. & J.G. Stickley, Stickley Brothers, Charles Limbert, Grand Rapids Bookcase and Chair Company (Lifetime), The Shop of the Crafters and Ford Johnson.
# William Herbert, 6th Earl of Pembroke

William Herbert, 6th Earl of Pembroke, 3rd Earl of Montgomery (c. 1641 – 8 July 1674) was an English nobleman and politician who succeeded to the titles on 11 December 1669 on the death of his father.
Brought up in Wiltshire at Wilton House, he was the son of Philip Herbert, 5th Earl of Pembroke, by his marriage to Penelope Naunton, the daughter of Sir Robert Naunton, Secretary of State to King James I and of Penelope Perrot, a daughter of Sir Thomas Perrot and of Lady Dorothy Devereux (later Countess of Northumberland), whose parents were the famous Earl of Essex and Lettice Knollys.
His mother died before 1647, when he was a small child.
In September 1658, he was granted a pass to travel overseas. He was member of parliament for Glamorgan between 1661 and his elevation to the House of Lords in 1669. After he came into his father's great estates, especially in Wiltshire and in Wales, Pembroke was known to exercise a decisive electoral influence in many places. However, with the Cavalier Parliament enduring from 1661 until 1679, he had few opportunities to wield this influence directly in elections to the House of Commons. From 1665 to 1674, he was Custos Rotulorum of Wiltshire.
Pembroke died unmarried on 8 July 1674 and was succeeded by his brother, Philip Herbert, 7th Earl of Pembroke, who became known as "the infamous Earl", due to his frequent bouts of homicidal mania.
# Chaetopelma olivaceum

Chaetopelma olivaceum is a species of mygalomorph spider, belonging to the tarantula family (Theraphosidae). It has many synonyms, including Ischnocolus jerusalemensis. Common names used include black furry, black tarantula and Middle East gold.

## Range and habitat

The species is found in Cyprus, Turkey, Sudan, Egypt and the Middle East. They are commonly found in homes in Israel.

## Description

The body length is approximately 2.5 cm for adult males and 5 cm or larger for females. It is one of the largest spiders in Israel. The color varies between black, gray and brown dark; they tend to be paler in the cooler more forested regions of their range and darker in the southern more arid areas.
The body is covered with tiny hairs and is shiny and velvety. There are variations in appearance and size throughout the range. Their food consists of insects and even small mice and young lizards.
The species is sexually dimorphic: the female is larger than the male.

## Behavior

The species is active mainly at night. In the wild they can be found hiding under rocks or bark, but may reach human-occupied areas during migrations. When the spider feels threatened, it lifts its front torso, swinging its feet to expose a red stain on its mouth and fangs. If the threat continues the spider will turn and look for a place to hide. C. olivaceum has been reported as living in large colonies and this has been observed in the burial caves around Jerusalem and reported from dried up wells in the Jordan Valley.

## Relation to humans

This spider is not considered dangerous to humans and helps eliminate pests such as cockroaches. It is black, furry, fast and aggressive in respect to other types of tarantulas. Bites are unpleasant but mild. They are sometimes kept as pets.

## Predators

In Palestine two species of spider wasp, Hemipepsis brunnea and Pseudopompilus humboldti, have been recorded as predators on Chaetopelma olivaceum.
# Tinboeth Castle

Tinboeth Castle (Welsh: Castell Dinbod) was a medieval castle situated midway between Llanbister and Llanbadarn Fynydd in Wales, on a bend in the River Ithon.
The castle is believed to have been built by Roger Mortimer during the 13th century. Following Mortimer's death, the castle fell into ruin and little of the structure remains.

## Geography

The site of Tinboeth Castle is located around 11 miles (18 km) from Llandrindod Wells between the villages of Llanbister and Llanbadarn Frynydd. The castle lies on the bank of the River Ithon. The castle was constructed in an Iron Age hillfort and measures around 100 metres (330 ft) in diameter. The Royal Commission on the Ancient and Historical Monuments of Wales notes that the remains indicate the site featured a twin-towered gatehouse on the north-east corner of the structure.
The outer bailey of the castle utilised the hillfort as a defence, while the inner bailey featured a stone wall which was accessed by the gatehouse.

## History

Tinboeth Castle is said to have been constructed by Roger Mortimer and first enters the historical record in 1282, a date that it is assumed fairly accurate for its construction. Mortimer also owned another castle, Cymaron, which records show was likely abandoned at the time of Tinboeth's construction. Following Mortimer's death, the ownership of the castle was transferred to the Crown. With Wales becoming largely peaceful, a castle was of little need and it subsequently fell into a state of ruin.
An earthwork remains, believed to be the remains of a wall, but little stonework above ground except the collapsed remains of the gatehouse.
# White Dacha

The White Dacha (Russian: белая дача; Ukrainian: біла дача) is the house that Anton Chekhov had built in Yalta and in which he wrote some of his greatest work. It is now a writer's house museum.

## Building

The White Dacha was built in 1898 following Chekhov's success with The Seagull. He took up residence there after his father's death and to aid him with coping with tuberculosis. Chekhov planted a variety of trees including mulberry, cherry, almond, peach, cypress, citrus, acacia and birch. He also planted roses such as 'Cheshunt Hybrid', 'Cramoisi Supérieur', 'Gloire de Dijon', 'La France', 'Madame Joseph Schwartz', 'Madame Lombard', 'Princesse de Sagan', Rosa banksiae f. 'Lutea', 'Souvenir de la Malmaison', 'Turner's Crimson Rambler'..., and kept dogs and tame cranes.
The house was designed by L.N. Shapovalov. Aleksandr Kuprin described the house as follows,
   It was, perhaps, the most original building in Yalta. It is all white, pure, easy, beautifully asymmetrical, ... with a tower, and unexpected ledges, with a glass veranda below and an open terrace above, with scattered broad and narrow windows... ".
V.N. Ladygensky mentioned that "a dacha in Crimea, in Аutka, near Yalta, was validly constructed, excellent". From the study one can see the seafront that inspired "The Lady with the Dog", and at the back the scene that inspired the setting of The Cherry Orchard is visible. He also wrote the Three Sisters and The Bishop on the site.

## Museum

After Chekhov's death his sister Maria looked after the house until 1921 when it became a museum. During the Nazi occupation, Maria Pavlovna refused to leave and put up pictures of German dramatist Gerhart Hauptmann. Maria refused to let a German officer move into her brother's rooms and prevented his belongings from being looted. The house was damaged by one of the last air raids on the area by the Luftwaffe.

### Museum funding issues

The Soviet government, as with other such heritage sites, diligently looked after the house but following the dissolution of the Soviet Union, the responsibility for the house's upkeep came under dispute. Crimea became an autonomous republic within Ukraine. The museum falls under the jurisdiction of the Ministry of Culture of the Crimean Autonomous Republic and their budget is extremely small. The Ukrainian state authorities would like the Russian government to pay for upkeep since Chekhov was Russian, but the Russians do not agree. The house has now become dilapidated. On May 11, 2010, Ukrainian President, Viktor Yanukovych, ordered that repairs and restoration work be carried out on the house.

## Noted visitors

Chekhov was a noted host and entertained Leo Tolstoy, Feodor Chaliapin, Sergei Rachmaninoff, and Maxim Gorky at the Dacha. Leonid Kuchma and Vladimir Putin and their spouses visited the museum in 2003.
# I Want to Go to Prison

I Want to Go to Prison (Russian: Хочу в тюрьму, romanized: Khochu v tyurmu) is a 1998 Russian comedy film directed by Alla Surikova.

## Plot

Semyon Lyamkin (Vladimir Ilyin) is a mechanic capable of fixing and assembling anything. When his factory laid off all the workers, Semyon, the head of a large family, found himself out of work. In search of income, Semyon accepts a job offer from a casual acquaintance, not realizing that this person leads a criminal gang. By a stroke of luck, Semyon avoids a run-in with the police.
While considering how to go underground, Semyon accidentally sees a news report about a Dutch prison on TV. It turns out that in developed European countries, prisoners are treated quite humanely. Semyon comes up with an idea: to go abroad (to the Netherlands), get imprisoned there, and thus ride out the dangerous period until Russian law enforcement loses interest in him. Semyon sets off in his heavily modified Zaporozhets, which is even capable of crossing water obstacles.
Getting to the Netherlands is not difficult. Much harder is to break local laws in a way that ensures he is arrested and sentenced to a term that is neither too short nor too long. Attempting to provoke an arrest, Lyamkin draws a mustache and beard on a portrait of the Queen of the Netherlands, thereby insulting Her Majesty. Adding assault on a law enforcement officer to the mix, Lyamkin ends up with a four-month sentence in a Dutch prison. After serving his time in relatively comfortable conditions, he returns home, where he encounters real crime again. Using his ingenuity and his Zaporozhets, Semyon manages to come out on top in a showdown with the criminals.

## Cast

* Vladimir Ilyin as Lyamkin
* Natalya Gundareva as Masha
* Alla Kliouka as Marie
* Mikhail Petrovsky as Chris
* Sergey Batalov as Vovan
* Boris Shcherbakov as Oleg Ivanovich
* Kira Surikova as Secretary
* Oleg Korytin as Russian Policeman #1
* Yury Lugovsky as Russian Policeman #2
* Oleg Bocharov as Bandit
* Yuriy Dumchev as big guy
* Zoya Buryak as Marianna
* Valery Kukhareshin as cafe visitor

## Awards and nominations
### Kinotavr

* Vladimir Ilyin (Best Actor) — won
* Best Film — nom

### Nika Award

* Vladimir Ilyin (Best Actor) — won

## Critical response

Alexander Fedorov: Alla Surikova, in my opinion, this time staged a simple and almost not funny comedy. The film clearly falls short of an eccentric comedy of masks due to the lack of original tricks and situations. And for a comedy of characters, the characters look too flat and primitive.
Sergey Kudryavtsev: It seems that our only active female comedian, Alla Surikova, is still working unevenly. The false and forced film "Moscow Vacation" was replaced by a more natural film "Monday's Children", but after it a bad comedy appeared again.
# Arab Thought Forum (Amman)

The Arab Thought Forum (Arabic: منتدى الفكر العربي) in Amman, Jordan is a non-governmental organization functioning as a think tank, concerned with intellectual, cultural, and developmental issues in the Arab world. It has a particular focus on issues of Arab nationalism and Arab unity. It was established in 1981 by Prince El Hassan Bin Talal.
# Jisa

JISA is the Japan Information Industry Association.
Jisa (Persian: جيسا) may refer to:
* Jisa-ye Danial
* Jisa-ye Kelarabad
* Jisa-ye Khezrabad
Jișa may refer to:
# Gabriel Peyré

Gabriel Peyré (born 1979) is a French mathematician. Most of his work lies in the field of transportation theory. He is a CNRS senior researcher and a Professor in the mathematics and applications department of the École normale supérieure in Paris. He was awarded the CNRS Silver Medal in 2021.

## Life and work

His work mainly focuses on applied mathematics, in particular on the imaging sciences and machine learning applications of optimal transport.
Gabriel Peyré is also the deputy director of the 3IA Paris Artificial Intelligence Research Institute as well as a member of the scientific committee of the ENS center for data science. He is also the creator of the Numerical tour of data science, a popular online repository of Python/Matlab/Julia/R resources to teach mathematical data sciences. He is a frequent collaborator of the INRIA team Mokaplan.

## Awards and distinctions

Gabriel Peyré was awarded the Blaise Pascal Prize in 2017 from the Académie des sciences as well as the Enrico Magenes Prize (2019) from the Unione Matematica Italiana. He also was an invited speaker at the European Congress of Mathematics in 2020. His research was supported by an ERC starting grant in 2012 and by an ERC consolidator grant in 2017. In 2021, he was awarded the CNRS Silver Medal.

## Major publications

* Benamou, J.-D., Carlier, G., Cuturi, M., Nenna, L., & Peyré, G. (2015). Iterative bregman projections for regularized transportation problems [Publisher: Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics]. SIAM Journalon Scientific Computing, 37(2), A1111–A1138.
* Peyré, G., Bougleux, S., & Cohen, L. (2008). Non-local regularization of inverse problems. In D. Forsyth, P. Torr, & A. Zisserman (Eds.), Computer vision – ECCV 2008 (pp. 57–68). Springer.
* Peyré, G., & Cuturi, M. (2019). Computational optimal transport: With applications to data science [Publisher: Now Publishers, Inc.]. Foundations and Trends in Machine Learning, 11(5), 355–607.
* Rabin, J., Peyré, G., Delon, J., & Bernot, M. (2012). Wasserstein barycenter and its application to texture mixing. In A. M. Bruckstein, B. M. ter Haar Romeny, A. M. Bronstein, & M. M. Bronstein (Eds.), Scale spaceand variational methods in computer vision (pp. 435–446). Springer.
* Solomon, J., de Goes, F., Peyré, G., Cuturi, M., Butscher, A., Nguyen, A., Du, T., & Guibas, L. (2015). Convolutional wasserstein distances: Efficient optimal transportation on geometric domains. ACM Transactions on Graphics, 34(4), 66:1–66:11.
# Sankya (novel)

Sankya (Russian: Санькя) is a 2006 novel by the Russian writer Zakhar Prilepin. Sankya is a story about Sasha Tishin, member of The Founders - revolutionary organization, similar to National Bolshevik Party.
This novel was published in 2006 in Ad Marginem (Russia).

## Characters

* Sasha Tishin Sankya
* Yana
* Bezletov
* Kostenko
* Matvey
* Nega
* Posik
* Rogov
* Verochka

## Prizes And Awards

* Evrika-Prize (2006)
* Yasnaya Polyana Award (2007)

## Translations

Sankya has been translated into Chinese, Polish, French, Serbian, Romanian, Italian, German, Hungarian, Danish, English and Greek.

## Adaptations

* Otmorozki (Отморозки, literally, Thugs)
# Amzabegovo

Amzabegovo (Macedonian: Амзабегово) is a village in the municipality of Sveti Nikole, North Macedonia.
It is home of a barely excavated archaeological site.

## Geography

Arnautski Dol, the name of a dry valley in the village, stems from the name Arnaut, the Ottoman Turkish rendering for Albanians, suggesting direct linguistic contact with Albanians or the former presence of an assimilated Albanian community.

## Demographics

On the 1927 ethnic map of Leonhard Schulze-Jena, the village is written as "Hamzabegovo" and shown as a Turkish village. According to the 2002 census, the village had a total of 543 inhabitants. Ethnic groups in the village include:
* Macedonians 531
* Serbs 3
* Aromanians 8
* Others 1
# Parapercis filamentosa

Parapercis filamentosa, the threadfin sandperch, is a species of ray-finned fish in the sandperch family, Pinguipedidae. It is found in the western Pacific Ocean including Hainan, China and south to Thailand and Indonesia.

## Description

Parapercis filamentosa reaches a total length of 18.0 cm (7.1 in).
# Olga Skobeleva

Olga Nikolayevna Skobeleva (née Poltavtseva; Russian: О́льга Никола́евна Ско́белева, урождённая Полта́вцева; 11 (23) March 1823 — 6 (18) July 1880) was a Russian philanthropist and hospital organizer. Olga and her family were strongly tied to the Imperial Russian Army; her husband was Russian general Dmitry Ivanovich Skobelev, while Olga was the mother of Russian general Mikhail Dmitrievich Skobelev and the head of the Bulgarian Red Cross. She was killed in Plovdiv, Bulgaria, when her carriage was ambushed by bandits in 1880. A monument was later built on the site of her murder.