OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# The Discovery of Honey by Bacchus

The Discovery of Honey by Bacchus is a painting by Piero di Cosimo from c. 1499. It depicts the god Bacchus and the discovery of honey, as described in the ancient Roman poem Fasti by Ovid. It is in the collection of the Worcester Art Museum in Worcester, Massachusetts.

## Background

The Discovery of Honey by Bacchus was commissioned together with a companion painting, The Misfortunes of Silenus, by Giovanni Vespucci in Florence. Both works represent an emerging, private demand for paintings with secular subjects. Like Piero di Cosimo's other mythological paintings, they were made for an audience well versed in the works of Ovid and Virgil, inviting the viewers to demonstrate their erudition.

## Subject and composition

The subject is from Book III of Ovid's Fasti, which had been published in Venice in 1497. At the centre is a group of satyrs and bacchantes who make noises to get a swarm of bees to settle in the trunk of a hollow tree. From left and right, more companions of Bacchus join the event, including Silenus, who rides in from the right on an ass, visibly drunk and supported by satyrs and bacchantes. In the foreground to the right are Bacchus, leaning on a thyrsus, and Ariadne, who points at the wreath on the god's head. To the upper left is a town and to the upper right are a steep hill and a forest.

## Analysis

The art historian Erwin Panofsky interpreted the painting as a reflection of the "Epicurean evolutionism" present in the Latin writings of Lucretius and Vitruvius, which had been reintroduced to Renaissance audiences through Genealogia Deorum Gentilium by Boccaccio. The juxtaposition of the "pastoral civilisation" to the left and the "unmitigated wildness" to the right, according to Panofsky, symbolises the emergence of civilisation, in which the discovery of honey was considered an important step, commemorated through the eating and offering of honey cakes (liba) at Liberalia. The art historian Dennis Geronimus has written that Panofsky's evolutionist interpretation should be taken with reservations, as its moral roots lie in religion, and the juxtaposition it is based on is "largely divorced from the painting itself".

## Preservation and provenance

The Discovery of Honey by Bacchus is significantly better preserved than The Misfortunes of Silenus, with clearer colours and fewer over-painted sections. Since 1937, it is in the collection of the Worcester Art Museum in Worcester, Massachusetts.
# Berke Demircan

Bahattin Berke Demircan (born 25 November 2002) is a Turkish footballer who plays as a forward for TFF First League club Fatih Karagümrük.

## Career

Demircan began his career with Tuzlaspor, before moving to Fatih Karagümrük in the summer of 2021. He made his professional debut with Fatih Karagümrük in a 1–1 Süper Lig tie with Alanyaspor on 26 December 2021.
# Cirrhimuraena calamus

Cirrhimuraena calamus, known commonly as the fringed-lipped snake-eel or the fringelip snake eel, is an eel in the family Ophichthidae (worm/snake eels). It was described by Albert Günther in 1870. It is a marine, temperate water-dwelling eel which is endemic to western Australia, in the eastern Indian Ocean. It forms burrows in the soft bottoms of inshore waters.
# Caracas Military Circle

The Caracas Military Circle is the name of a multipurpose complex whose main structures are located at the end of Los Próceres Avenue on Las Américas Boulevard, Santa Monica in the Libertador Municipality west of the Caracas Metropolitan District which is in the north of the South American country of Venezuela. At present, its structures depend on the Ministry of Defense of Venezuela.
The complex was originally a set of farms called Conejo Blanco (White Rabbit) with a space of 25 hectares. The general idea was raised in 1943 and its construction began in 1950 by the Ministry of Public Works, being inaugurated by the government of General Marcos Pérez Jiménez on December 2, 1953. The design was commissioned by the architect Luis Malaussena who was also in charge of the Paseo La Nacionalidad (Nationality Walk).
For its historical importance and its sumptuous design it was declared a national historical monument in 1994. It includes a military center and a social center as well as clubs, a theater and a hotel. It is organized as an institute.
In 2014, funding was approved for the construction of a new hotel for the Caracas Military Circle.
# Muhammad Hafiz Ramadan Pasha

Muhammad Hafiz Ramadan Pasha (died 1955) (Arabic: محمد حافظ رمضان باشا) was an Egyptian lawyer, editor, and politician. He was head of the National Party in the 1920s and Minister of Social Affairs and Minister of Justice during the 1940s.

## Career

Hafiz Ramadan Pasha was born and died in Cairo. He graduated from the Khedivial Law School in 1904. He succeeded Muhammad Farid as head of the Watani Party in 1923, and was elected head of the Lawyers' Guild in 1926. He became lead of the opposition in parliament in 1926.
Hafiz Ramadan Pasha held the following cabinet posts:
* Minister of State (30 December 1937 – 27 April 1938) in the Second Muhammad Mahmoud Pasha Cabinet
* Minister of Social Affairs (27 June 1940 – 14 November 1940) in the Hassan Sabry Pasha Cabinet
* Minister of Justice (8 October 1944 – 15 January 1945) in the First Ahmad Mahir Cabinet
* Minister of Justice (15 January 1945 – 24 February 1945) in the Second Ahmad Mahir Cabinet
* Minister of Justice (24 February 1945-December 1945) in the First Mahmud Fahmi al-Nuqrashi Pasha Cabinet

## Published works

* Abu al-Hul Qala Li, volume 1 (Arabic: أبو الهول قال لي) (1944).
* Ṣafḥah siyāsīyah : majmūʻat khuṭab fī al-ḥamalāt al-intikhābīyah sanat 1913 (Arabic: صفحة سياسية : مجموعة خطب في الحملات الإنتخابات سنة ١٩١٣) (1923).
* Ahadith wa Mudhakkirat fi al-Qadiya al-Misriya (Arabic: أحاديث و مذكرات في القضية المصرية).
# Vinculum (ligament)

In anatomy, a vinculum (pl.: vincula) is a band of connective tissue, similar to a ligament, that connects a flexor tendon to a phalanx bone. They contain tiny vessels which supply blood to the tendon. In vertebrate anatomy, they are referred to as mesotendons.
For example, in the fingers and toes of humans and related vertebrates, vincula are responsible for the direct vascularization of the flexor digitorum superficialis and profundus tendons to the intermediate and distal phalanges in each finger. These vincula are four folds in the synovial membrane that carry blood vessels to the body and insertion of the tendon. The tendon receives some additional nutrition directly from the synovial fluid in the sheath, which is important in case of partial loss of direct vascularization from the vincula.
In the chick, vincula are much larger and more complex than in humans. Though they contain blood vessels, these only make up a very limited portion of the total mass of the vincula, most of which consists of collagen and elastic fibres.
# Alashan

Alashan (Mongolian: Alaša, PRC romanization: Alxa) may refer to:
* Helan Mountains, a mountain range in northern China, between Ningxia and Inner Mongolia's Alxa League
* Alxa League, a prefecture-level division of Inner Mongolia
* Alashan, Kyrgyzstan, a town in Kyrgyzstan
# Polychrus femoralis

Polychrus femoralis, or Werner's bush anole, is a species of anole native to Ecuador and Peru. It can be found in forests and shrublands.
# La Prieta

La Prieta is a 1981 essay by the Tejana feminist scholar Gloria E. Anzaldúa, originally published in the anthology This Bridge Called My Back.

## About

The essay explores Anzaldúa's identity as a white/mestiza Tejana from a formerly affluent, sixth-generation Texan family. She explores the racism, colorism, sexism, heteronormativity, and classism of her parents and grandparents, who scorned her for being too dark-skinned and who identified with whiteness and Americanness rather than with Mexican, Indigenous, and Black people.
The essay belongs to the Nettie Lee Benson Latin American Collection at The University of Texas at Austin, having acquired Anzaldúa's works in 2005.
# Ciona

Ciona is a genus of sea squirts in the family Cionidae.
The body of Ciona is bag-like and covered by a tunic, which is a secretion of the epidermal cells. The body is attached at a permanent base located at the posterior part, and the opposite bears two openings, the buccal (oral) and atrial (cloacal) siphons. The water is drawn into the ascidian through the buccal siphon and leaves the atrium through the atrial siphon.

## Species

Species in this genus include:
* Ciona antarctica Hartmeyer, 1911
* Ciona edwardsi Roule, 1884
* Ciona fascicularis Hancock, 1870
* Ciona gelatinosa Bonnevie, 1896
* Ciona hoshinoi Monniot C., 1991
* Ciona imperfecta Monniot C. & Monniot F., 1977
* Ciona intermedia Mastrototaro, 2020
* Ciona intestinalis (Linnaeus, 1767)
* Ciona longissima Hartmeyer, 1899
* Ciona mollis Ritter, 1907
* Ciona pomponiae Monniot C. & Monniot F., 1989
* Ciona robusta Hoshino & Tokioka, 1967
* Ciona roulei Lahille, 1887
* Ciona savignyi Herdman, 1882
* Ciona sheikoi Sanamyan, 1998

## Genome projects

As of 2008, the genomes of Ciona intestinalis and Ciona savignyi have been sequenced.

## Sexual reproduction

Ciona intestinalis is a hermaphrodite that releases sperm and eggs almost simultaneously into the surrounding seawater. C. intestinalis is self-sterile and thus has been used for studies on the mechanism of self-incompatibility. C. savigny is highly self-fertile, but non-self sperm out-compete self-sperm in fertilization competition assays. Mechanisms promoting non-self fertilization may have evolved to avoid inbreeding depression, and to facilitate outcrossing which allows the masking of deleterious recessive mutations.

## Use as food

Ciona is being developed in Norway as a potential substitute meat protein, after processing to remove its 'marine taste' and to make its texture less 'squid-like'.
# Martindale, Calgary

Martindale is a residential neighbourhood in the northeast quadrant of Calgary, Alberta. It is bounded to the north by 80 Avenue NE, to the east by Falconridge Boulevard, to the south by 64 Avenue NE and to the west by Métis Trail. The Martindale LRT station opened in August 2012.
The area was annexed to the City of Calgary in 1961 and Martindale was established in 1983. It is represented in the Calgary City Council by the Ward 5 councillor.

## Demographics

In the City of Calgary's 2012 municipal census, Martindale had a population of 13,674 living in 3,912 dwellings, a 5.3% increase from its 2011 population of 12,987. With a land area of 2.7 km$^2$ (1.0 sq mi), it had a population density of 5,060/km$^2$ (13,120/sq mi) in 2012.
Residents in this community had a median household income of $97,000 in as of 2020, and there were 18.1% low income residents living in the neighbourhood. As of 2006, 39.4% of the residents were immigrants and as of 2021 that percentage has increased to 55%. A proportion of 3.0% of the buildings were condominiums or apartments, and 12.6% of the housing was used for renting.

## Crime

In the May 2023-May 2024 data period, Martindale had a crime rate of 1.808/100, a decrease from the previous data period.
This puts it at this comparison to other Calgary communities: Saddle Ridge (1.358/100), Whitehorn (1.741/100), Martindale (1.808/100), Rundle (2.342/100), Brentwood (2.348/100), Acadia (2.542/100), Bowness (2.934/100), Shawnessy (3.296/100), Inglewood (3.438/100), Sunnyside (3.650/100), Marlborough (4.703/100), Southwood (5.147/100), Sunalta (5.307/100), Montgomery (5.483/100), Forest Lawn (6.528/100), Rosscarrock (7.049/100), Downtown Commercial Core (12.705/100), Downtown East Village (15.605/100), Manchester (43.368/100).

### Crime Data by Year

Crime Data :
| Year | Crime Rate (/100) |
| 2018 | 2.2 |
| 2019 | 2.2 |
| 2020 | 2.1 |
| 2021 | 1.7 |
| 2022 | 1.8 |
| 2023 | 2.0 |

## Education

The community is served a number of schools, including Crossing Park School, Manmeet Singh Bhullar School, Nelson Mandela High School, École La Mosaïque (francophone K-6).
# Head of Christ (Rembrandt, Abu Dhabi)

Head of Christ is a circa 1648 painting by Rembrandt or his workshop. It shows Christ with a beard and long dark hair. It is in the collection of the Louvre Abu Dhabi.

## Description

Rembrandt created several similar heads of the same model in varying poses, possibly as devotional objects. Today about a dozen are known. This one remained in private hands until 2019, when it came into the collection via purchase at Sotheby's in London for a hammer price of 9,480,800 GBP. This face of Christ relates very closely to the version at the Gemäldegalerie, long considered the primary version. Rembrandt expert Ernst van de Wetering calls this one autograph or by a Rembrandt pupil.
This painting was overlooked by Wilhelm Valentiner in his 1908 catalog, as he explored the idea of a series of rotations of the heads of the same model. In this series he chose the similarly posed head of the Hyde Collection version substituted for this one in his row of five (he chose Philadelphia, then Berlin, Detroit, Hyde, and finally, New York). He worked in New York, so he was most familiar with the Hyde and New York versions.
Valentiner lineup:
* Philadelphia
* Berlin
* DIA
* Hyde Collection
* New York
It was included by Abraham Bredius in 1935, who included it in his 1935 catalog as one of nine heads of Christ, with his own version as the prime version.
Bredius lineup:
* Bredius version
* DIA
* Berlin
* Amsterdam Bible Museum version
* Philadelphia
* This one
* New York
* Hyde Collection
In his response to the Bredius catalog, it was included by Horst Gerson in 1968, who included it as one of only four heads of Christ by the master, the others being the Bredius version, the Detroit version and the New York version.
Gerson lineup:
* Bredius version
* This one
* DIA
* New York
The painting was included in the 2011 exhibition "Rembrandt and the Face of Jesus" held in the museums of Detroit (DIA), Philadelphia (PMA) and Paris (Louvre) April 21, 2011 – February 12, 2012, no. 41.
* Bredius
* Philadelphia
* DIA
* Berlin
* New York
* Hyde collection
* Fogg
* Brigham Young University
# 2023 Pac-12 Football Championship Game

The 2023 Pac-12 Football Championship Game was a college football game played on December 1, 2023, at Allegiant Stadium in the Las Vegas-area community of Paradise, Nevada. It was the 13th and final edition of the Pac-12 Football Championship Game, and determined the champion of the Pac-12 Conference for the 2023 season. The game featured the Washington Huskies and the Oregon Ducks.

## Teams

The 2023 Pac-12 Championship Game featured the Washington Huskies representing the #1 seed, and the Oregon Ducks representing the #2 seed.
The rivals previously met in the regular season on October 14, 2023, a 36–33 Washington win.
Formerly members of the Pac-12 North Division, the teams were previously unable to rematch in the Pac-12 championship game. However, a 2022 NCAA and conference rule change eliminated the North versus South divisional matchup. This was the final regular season game in the Pac-12 Conference for both teams, and the final championship game in the conference, as all but two members moved to other conferences starting in the 2024 season. Oregon and Washington began playing in the Big Ten Conference in 2024.

### Washington Huskies

The Huskies clinched the top seed in the game with their win over Oregon State on November 18.
This was the third and final Pac-12 title game appearance for Washington and their first since 2018. Having won both of their previous appearances in 2016 and 2018, they finished 3–0 in overall appearances including this game.

### Oregon Ducks

The Ducks clinched the second seed with their victory over Oregon State on November 24.
This was the sixth and final Pac-12 title game appearance for Oregon and their first since 2021. They were 4-1 in previous appearances heading into the game and finished 4–2 overall.

## Scoring summary

| Quarter | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | Total |
| No. 5 Ducks | 0 | 10 | 14 | 7 | 31 |
| No. 3 Huskies | 10 | 10 | 0 | 14 | 34 |
at Allegiant Stadium • Las Vegas, Nevada
* Date: December 1, 2023
* Game time: 5:00 p.m. PST
* Game weather: Indoor
* Game attendance: 61,195
* Referee: Mike McCabe
* TV announcers (ABC): Chris Fowler (play-by-play), Kirk Herbstreit (color), and Holly Rowe (sideline)
| Statistics | ORE | WAS |
| First downs | 17 | 26 |
| Plays–yards | 54–363 | 78–481 |
| Rushes–yards | 20–124 | 37–157 |
| Passing yards | 239 | 324 |
| Passing: comp–att–int | 21–34–1 | 29–41–1 |
| Time of possession | 22:52 | 37:08 |
| Team | Category | Player | Statistics |
| Oregon | Passing | Bo Nix | 21/34, 239 yards, 3 TDs, 1 INT |
| Oregon | Rushing | Bo Nix | 6 carries, 69 yards |
| Oregon | Receiving | Tez Johnson | 5 receptions, 68 yards |
| Washington | Passing | Michael Penix | 27/39, 319 yards, 1 TD, 1 INT |
| Washington | Rushing | Dillon Johnson | 28 carries, 152 yards, 2 TDs |
| Washington | Receiving | Jalen McMillan | 9 receptions, 131 yards |
# Melvin Brown (footballer)

Melvin Brown Casados (born 28 January 1979) is a Mexican former professional footballer who played as a centre-back.
Brown made his debut in the Primera División with Cruz Azul in the 2001 Apertura, and quickly became a mainstay at defense for the club. In his three and a half years with the club, he played in 109 games, scoring five goals. Following the 2004 Clausura, Brown was transferred to the Jaguares at the request of his coach at Cruz Azul, José Luis Trejo.

## International career

Born in Mexico, Brown is of Jamaican descent through his paternal grandfather. Despite an approach by the Jamaica Football Federation inviting him to join the country national team, he opted to play for his country of birth at under-23 level. He ended up making his international debut with the Mexico senior side, on 1 July 2001, in a 1–0 home win over the United States. He was later named to the roster for the 2002 FIFA World Cup, but he was not used during the tournament.

## Career statistics
### International

    As of match played 6 July 2003
| National team | Year | Apps | Goals |
| Mexico | 2001 | 5 | 0 |
| Mexico | 2002 | 4 | 0 |
| Mexico | 2003 | 1 | 0 |
| Total | Total | 10 | 0 |
# ANSI A300

ANSI A300 is the tree care industry standard of care in the USA. It was developed by Tree Care Industry Association and maintained by consensus of various industry stakeholders through periodically reviewing and updating the guidelines. The standard is divided into ten parts:
* Part 1 – Pruning
* Part 2 – Soil Management
* Part 3 – Supplemental Support Systems
* Part 4 – Lightning Protection Systems
* Part 5 – Management of Trees on Construction Sites
* Part 6 – Planting and Transplanting
* Part 7 – Integrated Vegetation Management
* Part 8 – Root Management Standard
* Part 9 – Tree Risk Assessment
* Part 10 – Integrated Pest Management
A proposed A300 Part 11, Urban Forest Products, was not adopted because it was deemed to be outside the scope of tree care management standards.
# Volodymyr Polikarpenko

Volodymyr Polikarpenko (born June 9, 1972) is a Ukrainian retired athlete. Born in Zaporizhzhia, he competed in triathlon.
Polikarpenko competed at the first Olympic triathlon at the 2000 Summer Olympics. He took fifteenth place with a total time of 1:49:51.78. In the second Olympic triathlon at the 2004 Summer Olympics, he placed thirtieth with a total time of 1:57:39.28. For the 2008 Summer Olympic games, Polikarpenko placed 35th with a final time of 1:52:51.74. He was fifth at the 2006 Lausanne world championships. Living in Turin, Italy for ten years, he won The Bardolino classic race in Italy for six years in a row, from 2001 to 2006
# Wetback Tank

Wetback Tank is a reservoir in Sierra County, New Mexico, in the United States.
The name of the reservoir has been criticized in the media for containing the ethnic slur wetback.
# Corps of Mounted Guides (Portugal)

The Corps of Mounted Guides was raised in Portugal on 26 September 1808 to act as guides and orderlies to the British generals and their staff.

## First year

Initially the Corps only had a sergeant, a corporal and 18 troopers. It was commanded from 1808 to 1814 by Major (later LtCol) George Scovell, seconded from the Portuguese Quartermaster-General's Department. Wellington later mentioned that when he took command of the army in April 1809 he formed a Corps of Horsemen then he denominated the Corps of Mounted Guides which was placed under the command of an officer of the British Quartermaster-General's Department.

## Transformation into an intelligence corps

Wellington rapidly expanded and transformed the Corps into a real military intelligence corps at the service of the leaders of the Anglo-Portuguese Army in the field, and it was indeed attached to the British Quartermaster-General's Department. Some 15 officers (including 12 Portuguese) were appointed to the corps between 25 April and 3 June 1809; many more enlisted men were also added and, in 1813, the corps had 12 officers and 193 men. In 1808-1810 the corps was largely Portuguese, its officers being generally students of the University of Coimbra. All were to speak both English and Portuguese. Later recruits were generally of foreign deserters and Spaniards in order to gather information for the Anglo-Portuguese Army in Spain and southern France.

## In action

The corps also took advantage of the semaphores. In the 1812-1814 campaigns the Corps of Mounted Guides was increasingly tasked with transmission of despatches, and also became more involved in provost duties. This corps is somewhat hard to classify as it was not listed on the official establishment of either the Portuguese Army or the official establishment of the British Army. As it was initially raised in Portugal with Portuguese personnel. It disbanded in the middle of 1814, probably because of the end of the Peninsular War and the end of the Anglo-Portuguese Army

## Uniform

The clothing issued in 1808 was obviously in the style of the light dragoons. Its "complete suits" included helmets, a pelisse like the hussars', and boots. Stable dress included a red stable shirt, trousers, shoes with laces. The guides were described in 1813 Francis Larpent as dressed "in scarlet jackets looking more regular than most Spanish regulars and not unlike our own volunteer yeomanry cavalry with an air of consequence". This certainly indicates that the style was indeed that of the light dragoons before 1812–1813, featuring the tarleton helmet and the jacket trimmed with cords. It would also seem to indicate that the guides wore the colours of the British Quartermaster-General's Department: scarlet faced with blue, with white or silver buttons and lace.

## Sources

Osprey Publishing - Men-At-Arms 343 - Portuguese Armies Of The Napoleonic Wars (1), by René Chartrand and Bill Younghusband
# NatureSweet

NatureSweet LTD is a San Antonio-based produce grower, packager and seller. The company grows its tomatoes in greenhouses in Willcox, Arizona and six factories in three states of Central Mexico, Jalisco, Nayarit and Colima.

## History

NatureSweet was founded in Devine, Texas, in 1990 under the name Desert Glory LTD. The company began selling tomatoes nationwide in 2012. In 2013, NatureSweet purchased the assets of the greenhouse grower, EuroFresh Farms. To increase production in 2016, the company partnered with Ganfer, a greenhouse vegetable growing company in North America. In 2017, it was reported that the company's Cherubs tomatoes were the number one small tomato in the United States.
The company is vertically integrated. and grows a variety of tomatoes that includes Glorys, Cherubs, SunBursts, Jubilees and Eclipses.

## Certifications

NatureSweet's tomatoes are verified as a non-GMO product by The Non-GMO Project and all of its facilities are Level 3 SQF certified.