OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Statue of Sherlock Holmes, London

A statue of Sherlock Holmes by the sculptor John Doubleday stands near the supposed site of 221B Baker Street, the fictional detective's address in London. Unveiled on 23 September 1999, the sculpture was funded by the Abbey National building society, whose headquarters were on the purported site of the famous address. As no site was available on Baker Street itself the statue was installed outside Baker Street tube station, on Marylebone Road. Doubleday had previously produced a statue of Holmes for the town of Meiringen in Switzerland, below the Reichenbach Falls whence the detective fell to his apparent death in the 1893 story "The Final Problem".

## Description

The 3-metre-high (9.8 ft) statue depicts Holmes wearing an Inverness cape and a deerstalker, attributes first given to him by Sidney Paget, the illustrator of Arthur Conan Doyle's stories for The Strand Magazine, and holding a calabash pipe (which appears to be a later addition).
It is located outside Baker Street tube station on Marylebone Road, two blocks from the detective's fictional home at 221B Baker Street, and near the Sherlock Holmes Museum between numbers 237 and 241.

## History

In 1927 G. K. Chesterton was the first person to suggest that a statue of Holmes be sited in London, but his efforts came to nothing. A new campaign was begun by the Sherlock Holmes Society of London in 1996. Before then the society had, according to its president Anthony Howlett, spent "a decade or two debating whether we should put a statue smack in the middle of Baker Street, and the traffic be damned". The Sherlock Holmes Statue Company Limited was set up to manage the project. In 1998, Abbey National agreed to fund the statue because of their connection with Holmes. (Their headquarters were at 215−229 Baker Street and they employed a member of staff to respond to any letters addressed to Holmes at 221B.)
John Doubleday, the sculptor of the first statue of Holmes at Meiringen, was given the commission for the London statue on 31 March 1998. After the plans to install the statue were announced some local residents and the St Marylebone Society spoke out against the work, saying that it was "not very appropriate. It should have been in Baker Street itself, which is much quieter." The statue was unveiled by Lord Tugendhat, the chairman of Abbey National, on 23 September 1999.
Since 2014, Doubleday's sculpture has been one of a series of "Talking Statues" across London where passers-by can receive a simulated telephone call from the statue's subject by scanning a QR code or visiting a link. The Holmes statue is voiced by the actor Ed Stoppard with a script written by the English novelist Anthony Horowitz which humorously gives details relating to the statue's appearance.

## Other statues of Sherlock Holmes

Before London received its statue of Sherlock Holmes examples had already been installed in 1988 in Meiringen, also in 1988 in Karuizawa (Japan) and in 1991 on the site of Conan-Doyle's birthplace in Edinburgh. In 2007, a statue of Sherlock Holmes and Dr. Watson was erected in Moscow near the British embassy.
# Sardar Kamal Khan

Sardar Kamal Khan Chang (Urdu: سردار کمال خان چانگ; born 12 March 1972) is a Pakistani politician who had been a member of the National Assembly of Pakistan, from June 2013 to May 2018.

## Political career

He served as district nazim of Badin.
He was elected to the National Assembly of Pakistan as a candidate of Pakistan Peoples Party (PPP) from Constituency NA-224 (Badin-cum-Tando Muhammad Khan-I) in the 2013 Pakistani general election. He received 88,365 votes and defeated Ali Asghar Halepoto, a candidate of Pakistan Muslim League (F) (PML-F).
# Soleymanabad

Soleymanabad (Persian: سليمان اباد) may refer to:
* Soleymanabad, Fars
* Soleymanabad, Hamadan
* Soleymanabad, Isfahan
* Soleymanabad, Baraan-e Shomali, Isfahan Province
* Soleymanabad, Kerman
* Soleymanabad, Faryab, Kerman Province
* Soleymanabad, Dalahu, Kermanshah Province
* Soleymanabad, Kangavar, Kermanshah Province
* Soleymanabad, Khuzestan
* Soleymanabad, Mazandaran
* Soleymanabad, North Khorasan
* Soleymanabad, Buin Zahra, Qazvin Province
* Soleymanabad, Qazvin
* Soleymanabad, Tehran (disambiguation), several places
* Soleymanabad, West Azerbaijan
* Soleymanabad, Chaldoran, West Azerbaijan Province
# Utuado barrio-pueblo

Utuado barrio-pueblo is a barrio and the administrative center (seat) of Utuado, a municipality of Puerto Rico. Its population in 2010 was 5,856.

## The central plaza and its church

As was customary in Spain, in Puerto Rico, the municipality has a barrio called pueblo which contains a central plaza, the municipal buildings (city hall), and a Catholic church. Fiestas patronales (patron saint festivals) are held in the central plaza every year.
The central plaza, or square, is a place for official and unofficial recreational events and a place where people can gather and socialize from dusk to dawn. The Laws of the Indies, Spanish law, which regulated life in Puerto Rico in the early 19th century, stated the plaza's purpose was for "the parties" (celebrations, festivities) (Spanish: a propósito para las fiestas), and that the square should be proportionally large enough for the number of neighbors (Spanish: grandeza proporcionada al número de vecinos). These Spanish regulations also stated that the streets nearby should be comfortable portals for passersby, protecting them from the elements: sun and rain.
Located across from the central plaza is the Parroquia San Miguel (Church San Miguel Arcángel of Utuado), the Roman Catholic parish church. The first church to be built was made of wood and inaugurated in 1743. The current church was built from 1875 to 1896. The church today is listed on the National Register of Historic Places.

## History

Utuado barrio-pueblo was in Spain's gazetteers until Puerto Rico was ceded by Spain in the aftermath of the Spanish–American War under the terms of the Treaty of Paris of 1898 and became an unincorporated territory of the United States. In 1899, the United States Department of War conducted a census of Puerto Rico finding that the population of Utuado barrio-pueblo was 3,619.

## Gallery

* The plaza and San Miguel church (c. 1898)
* San Miguel in 2007
# Ellen Balaam

Ellen Balaam (1891–1985) was an Australian physician and the first woman surgeon in Melbourne.

## Early life and education

Ellen Maud Balaam was born on 30 November 1891 in Melbourne, Victoria to Harry and Ellen Balaam. Inspired at a young age to pursue a medical career, she attended Melbourne Continuation School (later MacRobertson's Girls High School) from 1906 to 1908 where she won a scholarship at the end of primary school to continue her schooling at high school. She won a further scholarship to attend university, and enrolled in medicine at the University of Melbourne. She taught mathematics at a public school in order to supplement this scholarship. She graduated in 1915 with her M.D., with second class honours in all subjects.

## Career

Balaam was appointed to a resident medical officer position at the Melbourne Hospital the following year. She married her classmate, Dr Thomas Wright in 1916, and they both served as medical officers. They went into practice together, before Balaam was appointed to a clinical assistant position at the Queen Victoria Hospital in 1917. She was steadily promoted over the next years to a full-time position and surgeon in 1924. One of the first women to practise general surgery in Melbourne. She continued to practise medicine and surgery until 1952, when she retired. Her husband died in 1964.
Balaam died in 1985.

## Legacy

Balaam was a supporter of the Melbourne Continuation School. The Dr Ellen Balaam Award for Promise in Science award is given in her name by the Palladian Society (past pupils) of the School.
# Mount Geoffrey Regional Nature Park

Mount Geoffrey Regional Nature Park is regional park in British Columbia, Canada, located on Hornby Island. It covers an area of 303 hectares (750 acres), including the 330-metre (1,080 ft) summit of Mount Geoffrey, the highest point on the island.
There are facilities for hiking, mountain biking, and horseback riding.
# Raoul Wallenberg Monument, London

A monument to Raoul Wallenberg stands at Great Cumberland Place in London's Marble Arch district, outside the Western Marble Arch Synagogue and near the Swedish Embassy. The 10 ft bronze monument was sculpted by Philip Jackson and is a larger-than-life representation of Wallenberg, standing against a bronze wall made up of 100,000 Schutzpässe, the protective passes used by Wallenberg to rescue Hungarian Jews.
The monument was unveiled by Queen Elizabeth II on 26 February 1997, in a ceremony attended by the President of Israel, Ezer Weizman, the Secretary General of the United Nations, Kofi Annan, and survivors of the Holocaust. Annan also gave a speech at the ceremony. The statue was unveiled during the second day of Weizman's state visit to the United Kingdom. The ceremony was also attended by Sigmund Sternberg, Chairman of the Executive Committee of the Wallenberg Appeal and Robert Davis, the Lord Mayor of Westminster.
The statue was described as a monument at the time of its unveiling rather than a memorial, as Wallenberg's family believed that there was no evidence for his death. Wallenberg would have been aged 84 in 1997.
A second British monument to Wallenberg stands near the Welsh National War Memorial in Alexandra Gardens, in Cardiff, Wales.
# World Konkani Day

World Konkani Day (Konkani: Vishwa Konkani Dis) has been celebrated on 1 August every year since 2015. It is in remembrance of Konkani activist, Shenoi Goembab On this day, Konkani language writers are honored.

## Goembab's influence

Goembab is credited with having written seven books in Latin or Romi Konkani and 22 in Konkani in the Devnagri script, His works comprise short stories, dramas, novels, poetry, essays, works on linguistics, philosophy and history. He is also considered as a ideological founder of the Konkani cause by language protagonists in the 20th and 21st centuries.

## Celebrations

In 2017, the event was observed for the first time in Belagavi, formerly Belgaum, which lies in Karnataka State. Bishop of Belagavi, Rev. Peter Machado has been quoted saying that Konkani speaking people in the region comprised to Saraswats, Christians, Daivadnyas and Konkan Marathas, yet "the Konkani speaking people from the upper ghats region comprising from Yellapur to Kolhapur have painstakingly conserved the language and culture, the legacy that needs to be carried forward till the next century."

## Other celebrations

Konkani Day has also been observed on 20 August, the day on which Konkani was included as part of the Eighth Schedule of the Indian Constitution. This celebration was marked in 2017 at a school in Margao, Goa, the Vidya Vikas Mandal.
Mandd Sobhann in Mangalore (now Mangaluru) has also organised a World Konkani Convention, though different from the event mentioned above.
In Abu Dhabi, a Konkani Cultural Day was held in April in 2018.
World Konkani Unity Day was also scheduled to be held in December in 2010 in Mangalore.
World Kokani Day was held for the first time in January 2020 in Mumbai.

## World Goa Day

Another day, called the World Goa Day is also organised on 20 August, for the past two decades, by volunteers in various pockets across the globe, more to link up the diaspora from Goa with their home and among themselves.
# Corvus (disambiguation)

Corvus is a genus of birds commonly known as crows and ravens.
Corvus may also refer to:

## Companies

* Corvus Energy, a Norwegian supplier originally founded in Canada
* Corvus Hungary, an aircraft manufacturer
* Corvus Systems, an American defunct computer hardware manufacturer

## Fictional characters

* Corvus, a main antagonist in movie Pompeii (film)
* Corvus, a character in Satyajit Ray's Professor Shonku series
* Corvus, a character in the video game Call of Duty: Black Ops III
* Corvus, a character in the video game Dragon Quest IX: Sentinels of the Starry Skies
* Corvus, a character in the video games Heretic and Heretic II
* Corvus Glaive, a Marvel comics character

## Military

* ASM-N-8 Corvus, a United States Navy missile
* Corvus (boarding device), used by ancient Roman warships
* Corvus chaff launcher, a British shipborne chaff decoy system manufactured by Vickers
* SS Corvus, the name of two steamships, both put out of service in 1945
* USS Corvus, a U.S. Navy attack cargo ship of World War II

## People

* Joannes Corvus (fl. 1512 – 1544), Flemish portrait painter
* Marcus Valerius Corvus (c. 370–270 BC), Roman military commander and politician
* Corvulus of Friuli, an 8th century AD Lombardic duke (name is a Latin diminutive of Corvus)

## Publishing

* Corvus (imprint), an imprint of Atlantic Books
* Corvus: A Life with Birds, a 2008 non-fiction book by Esther Woolfson

## Other uses

* Corvus (constellation), a small constellation in the Southern Celestial Hemisphere
** Corvus in Chinese astronomy, the same constellation as considered in traditional Chinese uranography
* Corvus (heraldry), crows and ravens in heraldry
* Corvus, a ship in the 2017 video game Star Wars Battlefront II
* Corvus Corax (band), a German band known for playing neo-Medieval music
* Gibson Corvus, a guitar product line
# Mir Aamir Ali Khan Magsi

Mir Aamir Ali Khan Magsi (Urdu: میر عامر علی خان مگسی; born 27 December 1960) is a Pakistani politician and three-term member of the National Assembly of Pakistan (August 2018 till August 2023, 2008 to May 2018 and since February 2024).

## Political career

He was elected to the National Assembly of Pakistan as a candidate of Pakistan Peoples Party (PPP) from Constituency NA-206 (Kamber Shahdadkot) in 2008 Pakistani general election. He received 49,524 votes and defeated Nawabzada Sardar Khan Chandio, a candidate of Pakistan Muslim League (Q) (PML-Q).
He was reelected to the National Assembly as a candidate of PPP from Constituency NA-206 (Kamber Shahdadkot) in 2013 Pakistani general election. He received 87,789 votes and defeated Asgher Shah Rashdi, a candidate of Sindh United Party. In the same election, he ran for the seat of the Provincial Assembly of Sindh as an independent candidate from Constituency PS-40 (Larkana-VI) but was unsuccessful. He received 132 votes and lost the seat to Mir Nadir Ali Khan Magsi.
He was reelected to the National Assembly as a candidate of PPP from NA-203 (Qambar Shahdadkot-II) in 2018 Pakistani general election.
He was reelected to the National Assembly as a candidate of PPP from NA-197 Qambar Shahdadkot-II in the 2024 Pakistani general election. He received 88,130 votes and defeated Muhammad Uzair Jagirani, a candidate of the Jamiat Ulema-e-Islam (F) (JUI(F)).
# Cratoxylum formosum

Cratoxylum formosum is a species of flowering plant in the family Hypericaceae. Its commercial name in timber production is "mampat". The trees reach to 35 metres (115 ft) tall, though they rarely achieve the size required for timber exploitation.

## Description

The leaves are 5–9 centimetres (2.0–3.5 in) long, and are arranged on the stem such that they overlap one another. They are elliptic, glabrous (lacking hairs), and have a papery texture. The flower clusters (inflorescences) are cymes that are shaped somewhat like short racemes. The flowers are white or pink, with sepals a quarter of the length of the petals, which have a rounded base.

## Taxonomy

The species was previously placed in the defunct genus Elodes under the name Elodes formosa. The Catalogue of Life lists two subspecies, C. formosum subsp. formosum and C. formosum subsp. pruniflorum (Kurz) Gogelein. The two are differentiated by the nominate subspecies being totally glabrous, with leaves that are elliptic to oblong, rarely lanceolate and the anther connective not being glandular.

## Distribution and habitat

Cratoxylum formosum is a tropical plant found in the Andaman Islands, Brunei, Burma, Cambodia, China, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, the Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, and Vietnam. The trees bloom during the dry period in seasonal tropical climates. They inhabit primary and secondary forests at altitudes from 0–600 m, with the upper limit to 1200 m, on slopes, river margins and swamps in sandy to clayey soils.

## Conservation

Cratoxylum formosum is listed as least concern by the International Union for the Conservation of Nature, but it is considered to be rare in Singapore. It has a widespread distribution and does not face any major threats, though it is used in Laos for the production of charcoal.

## Gallery

* Cratoxylum formosum in bloom
* Fruit
* Drawing of the species (1880 to 1883)
# Alfred Novello

Joseph Alfred Novello (12 August 1810 – 17 July 1896) was an English music publisher. He was the eldest son of Vincent Novello, and the creator of Novello and Company Ltd as a revolutionary force in music publishing.

## Life

J. Alfred Novello was born in London, the eldest son of the famous organist and composer Vincent Novello, who was the father of eleven children; two died in infancy, two survived infancy but died in childhood, and a son died in early manhood. One son and five daughters survived to carry on the family musical tradition. In 1811 Vincent Novello founded the music publishing firm Novello & Co which carries his name, as he issued sheet music on a subscription basis from his own house and continued to do so until his son J. Alfred Novello took over the business in 1829 at the early age of nineteen. Before this business venture, Alfred, as a bass singer, had done some professional singing.
In 1836 Novello began publishing The Musical World, a periodical that was the first weekly devoted to music; its publication continued until 1891. In 1842 Novello acquired Mainzer's Musical Times and Singing Circular. This formed the basis of The Musical Times and Singing Class Circular, published monthly from 1844 and (as The Musical Times) still in business today.
Alfred Novello promoted and built the business into a huge commercial success, and is credited as being the first to introduce inexpensive sheet music (reducing the retail price by a factor of four) and to depart from the method of publishing by subscription. From 1841 Henry Littleton assisted Alfred Novello, becoming a partner in 1861 when the firm became Novello & Co. On Alfred's retirement and the completion of the sale in 1866, Littleton became sole proprietor. Having incorporated the firm of Ewer & Co. in 1867, the title was changed to Novello, Ewer & Co., and still later back to Novello & Co., and, on Henry Littleton's death in 1888, his two sons carried on the business.
Before his retirement, Alfred Novello actively worked against British "taxation of knowledge" and played a significant role in the 1853 repeal of the advertisement duty, the 1855 repeal of the newspaper stamp, repeal of duties on paper and foreign books, and repeal of the security system. He was a friend of Henry Bessemer.
After his retirement from the music publishing business, Alfred Novello moved to Genoa and pursued his interests in the Italian Irrigation Company, playing and composing organ music, and the study of hydrodynamics. He obtained several patents on ship construction and worked with William Froude. He died in Genoa.
# Gurabo barrio-pueblo

Gurabo barrio-pueblo is a barrio and the administrative center (seat) of Gurabo, a municipality of Puerto Rico. Its population in 2010 was 1,509.
As was customary in Spain, in Puerto Rico, the municipality has a barrio called pueblo which contains a central plaza, the municipal buildings (city hall), and a Catholic church. Fiestas patronales (patron saint festivals) are held in the central plaza every year.

## The central plaza and its church

The central plaza, or square, is a place for official and unofficial recreational events and a place where people can gather and socialize from dusk to dawn. The Laws of the Indies, Spanish law, which regulated life in Puerto Rico in the early 19th century, stated the plaza's purpose was for "the parties" (celebrations, festivities) (Spanish: a propósito para las fiestas), and that the square should be proportionally large enough for the number of neighbors (Spanish: grandeza proporcionada al número de vecinos). These Spanish regulations also stated that the streets nearby should be comfortable portals for passersby, protecting them from the elements: sun and rain.
Located across from the central plaza is the Church of San José (Parroquia San José), a Roman Catholic church which was inaugurated in 1822. Over time, the church has been damaged by hurricanes and repaired and remodeled. The latest restoration on the church was completed in 1989.

## History

Gurabo barrio-pueblo was in Spain's gazetteers until Puerto Rico was ceded by Spain in the aftermath of the Spanish–American War under the terms of the Treaty of Paris of 1898 and became an unincorporated territory of the United States. In 1899, the United States Department of War conducted a census of Puerto Rico finding that the population of Gurabo Pueblo was 1,309.

### Demographics
## Sectors

Barrios (which are, in contemporary times, roughly comparable to minor civil divisions) in turn are further subdivided into smaller local populated place areas/units called sectores (sectors in English). The types of sectores may vary, from normally sector to urbanización to reparto to barriada to residencial, among others.
The following sectors are in Gurabo barrio-pueblo: Barriada Nueva, Casco del Pueblo, El Cerro, Rabo del Buey, and Vietnam. El Cerro is famous for its steep roads and step streets, and it gives Gurabo the nickname Pueblo de las Escaleras ("town of the stairs").

## Gallery

* Plaza de Gurabo
* Church San José of Gurabo, listed on the National Register of Historic Places.
* One of the famous step streets of El Cerro.
* Steep streets in El Cerro.
# Samuel Henry Harris

Samuel Henry Harris (22 August 1881 – 25 December 1936) was an Australian surgeon who developed a new technique for prostatectomy.

## Biography

Harry Harris (as he was usually known) was born in Sydney, the second son of Henry S. Harris and his wife Hannah, née Solomon. Harris was educated at Sydney Grammar School of which he was captain in 1900. He graduated M.B., Ch.M. (with credit) at the University of Sydney in 1906, where he also obtained his blue for cricket. After spending 1906–07 as resident medical officer at Sydney hospital, Harris had a general practice at Enmore and, becoming a consultant in 1918, was associated with the South Sydney Women's Hospital and was on the honorary medical staff of Lewisham hospital. He had obtained the degree of M.D. in 1914 with a thesis on the pyelonephritis of pregnancy.
Harris had been much interested in gynaecology, but now began to make a special study of urology. At a meeting of the Australasian medical congress held in Dunedin, New Zealand, in March 1927 he read a paper in which he described a new method of prostatectomy. It was at first condemned in England, but gradually gained favour in Australia, and in 1935 Harris visited Europe determined to demonstrate the advantages of his method. He made many converts, though a writer in The Lancet of 13 February 1937 would not say more than that "the majority of British genito-urinary surgeons are now prepared to admit that although his technique is unlikely ever to be used as a routine, it has gained an important place in prostatic surgery". Another original piece of work was his fluoroscopic study of neuro-muscular disturbances of the kidneys. He was the author of over 40 papers, many of which appeared in the Medical Journal of Australia, the Lancet, and other overseas journals, and was a member of the editorial committee of the Australian and New Zealand Journal of Surgery and of the British Journal of Surgery. He was always glad to communicate his knowledge and demonstrate his methods to other members of his profession, and surgeons from all parts of Australia and New Zealand came to him at Lewisham hospital. He had a brilliant and original mind, and was one of the few Australian surgeons to gain an international reputation. Harris died at Sydney on 25 December 1936 leaving a widow and one son.