# South African Military Health Service

The South African Military Health Service is the branch of the South African National Defence Force responsible for medical facilities and the training and deployment of all medical personnel within the force. Though unusual, as most national militaries integrate their medical structures into their existing service branches, the SANDF regards this structure as being the most efficient method of providing care and support to the SANDF's personnel.
It is a significant actor in the effort to control HIV/AIDS within the SANDF.

## History

The predecessor of the SAMHS, the South African Medical Service, was established as a full service branch of the South African Defence Force (SADF) on 1 July 1979 in order to consolidate and strengthen the medical services of the South African Army, South African Navy and South African Air Force.

## Rationalisation

Following the end of the Border War, in the early 1990s, it implemented several retrenchment measures. It consolidated all quartermaster stores in the Cape Town and Bloemfontein areas, relocated its training center from Potchefstroom to Pretoria, closed several medical supply depots, consolidated computer centers and systems, rationalized procedures for procuring medicine and medical equipment, discontinued survival training, and reduced or closed sickbays and military medical clinics that served other armed services affected by retrenchments.
The SAMS was incorporated into the South African National Defence Force on 27 April 1994, and was renamed the South African Military Health Service on 1 June 1998.

## Organisational structure

The SAMHS includes active duty military personnel and civilian employees of the Department of Defence. In addition, the service employs roughly 400 medical doctors and private medical specialists are sometimes appointed to supplement the staff of the SAMHS.
The Surgeon General heads the SAMHS and has the rank of Lieutenant-General. The SAMHS operates three Military Hospitals; one in Pretoria, one in Cape Town and one in Bloemfontein. There are also four specialized institutes - the Institute for Aviation Medicine, the Institute for Maritime Medicine, the Military Veterinary Institute and the Military Psychological Institute. Together, these units provide comprehensive medical care for military personnel and their dependents, as well as the police and employees of other security-related government departments, and occasionally to neighboring countries. The SAMHS also provides extensive veterinary services for animals (mainly horses and dogs) used by the security and correctional services. The Institute for Aviation Medicine and the Institute for Maritime Medicine screen pilot candidates for the air force and for civilian aviation certification, as well as divers and submariners for the navy. The military's medical services also include general medical and dental care, and specialized rehabilitation services.
The SAMHS is organized into regional medical commands, corresponding to the army's regional commands, as well as a Medical Logistics Command and a Medical Training Command. The regional commands support military units, military base hospitals, and military unit sickbays in their region. The Medical Logistics Command is responsible for medical logistics only, as each service provides for its own logistics support. In addition, the Medical Training Command supervises the South African Medical Service College, the South African Military Health Service Nursing College, and the South African Military Health Service Training Centre, as well as the military hospitals' training programs. The nursing college, in Pretoria, grants a four-year nursing diploma in association with the University of South Africa. Specialized, in-service training courses for nurses and for nursing assistants are also available.

### Formations
#### Mobile Military Health Formation

* 1 Medical Battalion Group (Reserve)
* 3 Medical Battalion Group (Reserve)
* 6 Medical Battalion Group (Reserve)
* 7 Medical Battalion Group
* 8 Medical Battalion Group

#### Tertiary Military Health Formation

* 1 Military Hospital (Pretoria)
* 2 Military Hospital (Cape Town)
* 3 Military Hospital (Bloemfontein)
* Institute for Aviation Medicine (Centurion)
* Institute for Maritime Medicine (Simon's Town)
* Military Psychological Institute (Pretoria , Area Military Health Unit)
* Military Veterinary Institute (Potchefstroom)
* Military Cyber Medicine & Cyber Surgery Institute (Pretoria)

#### Area Military Health Formation

* Area Military Health Unit Western Cape
* Area Military Health Unit Eastern Cape
* Area Military Health Unit Northern Cape
* Area Military Health Unit North-West
* Area Military Health Unit Free State
* Area Military Health Unit KwaZulu-Natal
* Area Military Health Unit Gauteng
* Area Military Health Unit Mpumalanga
* Area Military Health Unit Limpopo
* Regional Occupational Health and Safety Centres

#### Military Health Training Formation

* School for Military Health Training
* School for Military Training
* SAMHS Nursing College
* SAMHS Band
* Medical Command Post Combat Training Centre (Lohatla)
* Joint Physical Training, Sports & Recreation Training Centre

#### Military Health Support Formation

* Military Health Base Depot
* Military Health Procurement Unit

### General Support Base

* Thaba Tshwane

### Directorates & Services

* Director Medicine
* Chaplain Services
* Sport & Recreation
* Corporate Communication

## Ranks and insignia
### Officers

| Rank group | General / flag officers | General / flag officers | General / flag officers | General / flag officers | General / flag officers | General / flag officers | General / flag officers | General / flag officers | General / flag officers | General / flag officers | Senior officers | Senior officers | Senior officers | Senior officers | Senior officers | Senior officers | Junior officers | Junior officers | Junior officers | Junior officers | Junior officers | Junior officers | Junior officers | Junior officers |
| South African Military Health Service vte | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| South African Military Health Service vte | | | General | General | Lieutenant general | Lieutenant general | Major general | Major general | Brigadier general | Brigadier general | Colonel | Colonel | Lieutenant colonel | Lieutenant colonel | Major | Major | Captain | Captain | Lieutenant | Lieutenant | Lieutenant | Second lieutenant | Second lieutenant | Second lieutenant |

### Other

| Rank group | Senior NCOs | Senior NCOs | Senior NCOs | Senior NCOs | Senior NCOs | Senior NCOs | Senior NCOs | Senior NCOs | Senior NCOs | Senior NCOs | Senior NCOs | Senior NCOs | Senior NCOs | Senior NCOs | Senior NCOs | Senior NCOs | Senior NCOs | Senior NCOs | Senior NCOs | Senior NCOs | Senior NCOs | Senior NCOs | Junior NCOs | Junior NCOs | Junior NCOs | Junior NCOs | Junior NCOs | Junior NCOs | Enlisted | Enlisted | Enlisted | Enlisted | Enlisted | Enlisted | Enlisted | Enlisted |
| South African Military Health Service vte | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | No insignia | No insignia | No insignia | No insignia | No insignia | No insignia | No insignia | No insignia |
| South African Military Health Service vte | Warrant officer class 1 | Warrant officer class 1 | Warrant officer class 1 | Warrant officer class 1 | Warrant officer class 1 | Warrant officer class 1 | Warrant officer class 2 | Warrant officer class 2 | Staff sergeant | Staff sergeant | Sergeant | Sergeant | Sergeant | Sergeant | Sergeant | Sergeant | Sergeant | Sergeant | Sergeant | Sergeant | Sergeant | Sergeant | Corporal | Corporal | Corporal | Corporal | Lance corporal | Lance corporal | Private (or equivalent) | Private (or equivalent) | Private (or equivalent) | Private (or equivalent) | Private (or equivalent) | Private (or equivalent) | Private (or equivalent) | Private (or equivalent) |

### Proficiency Insignia

SAMHS Proficiency Insignia :
| Proficiency insignia of the South African Military Health Service ||||
| Medical Doctor | Dentist | Nurse | Ops Medic |
| Pharmacist | Psychologist | Veterinarian | Social Work Officer |
| Health Inspector | Ancillary Health | Farrier | Administrative |

## Leadership

South African Military Health Service Leadership :
| From | Surgeons General | To |
| 27 April 1994 | Lt Gen Daniel Knobel SSAS SD SOE SM MMM KStJ MBC HB PHD | 30 November 1997 |
| 1 December 1997 | Lt Gen Davidson Masuku SSAS MMM KStJ | 30 September 2000 |
| 1 October 2000 | Lt Gen Jurinus Janse van Rensburg SD SM MMM KStJ | 31 July 2005 |
| 1 August 2005 | Lt Gen Vejaynand Ramlakan DMG MMS MMB KStJ | 31 March 2013 |
| 1 April 2013 | Lt Gen Aubrey Sedibe DMG MMS MMM KStJ | 31 October 2019 |
| 1 November 2019 | Lt Gen Zola Dabula OStJ | 31 October 2021 |
| 1 November 2021 | Lt Gen Ntshavheni Peter Maphaha psc(j) ensp | Incumbent |