OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Romanization of Lao

Lao romanization systems are transcriptions of the Lao script into the Latin alphabet.

## Tables
### Consonants

The table below shows the Lao consonant letters and their transcriptions according to IPA (International Phonetic Alphabet,) BGN/PCGN romanization (1966 system) and LC (US ALA-LC romanization,) as well as the transcriptions used in the Unicode names of the letters, and in official Lao government usage.
| Character | Initial position | Initial position | Initial position | Final position | Final position | Final position |
| Character | IPA | BGN | LC | IPA | BGN | LC |
| ກ | /k/ | k | k | /k̚/ | k | k |
| ຂ | /kʰ/ | kh | kh | — | — | — |
| ຄ | /kʰ/ | kh | kh | — | — | — |
| ງ | /ŋ/ | ng | ng | /ŋ/ | ng | ng |
| ຈ | /tɕ/ | ch | ch | — | — | — |
| ສ | /s/ | s | s | — | — | — |
| ຊ | /s/ | x | s | — | — | — |
| ຍ | /ɲ/ | gn | ny | /j/ | y | y |
| ດ | /d/ | d | d | /t̚/ | t | d |
| ຕ | /t/ | t | t | — | — | — |
| ຖ | /tʰ/ | th | th | — | — | — |
| ທ | /tʰ/ | th | th | — | — | — |
| ນ | /n/ | n | n | /n/ | ne | n |
| ບ | /b/ | b | b | /p̚/ | p | b |
| ປ | /p/ | p | p | — | — | — |
| ຜ | /pʰ/ | ph | ph | — | — | — |
| ຝ | /f/ | f | f | — | — | — |
| ພ | /pʰ/ | ph | ph | — | — | — |
| ຟ | /f/ | f | f | — | — | — |
| ມ | /m/ | m | m | /m/ | m | m |
| ຢ | /j/ | y | y | — | — | — |
| ຣ | /r/, /l/ | r | r | — | — | — |
| ລ | /l/ | l | l | — | — | — |
| ວ | /ʋ/, /w/ | v | v, w | /w/ | w | w |
| ຫ | /h/ | h | h | — | — | — |
| ອ | /ʔ/ | — | — | — | — | — |
| ຮ | /h/ | h | h | — | — | — |

### Vowel nuclei

The table below shows the Lao vowel nuclei, combined with the consonant ກ.
| | IPA | BGN | LC | Unicode | | IPA | BGN | LC | Unicode | | IPA | BGN | LC | Unicode | | IPA | BGN | LC |
| ກະ/ກັກ | /a/ | a | a | a | ກາ | /aː/ | a | ā | aa | | | | | | | | | |
| ກິ | /i/ | i | i | i | ກີ | /iː/ | i | ī | ii | ເກັຽະ/ເກັຍ | /iaʔ/ | ia | ia | | ເກັຽ/ເກຍ/ກຽກ | /ia/ | ia | īa |
| ກຶ | /ɯ/ | u | ư | y | ກື | /ɯː/ | u | ư̄ | yy | ເກຶອ | /ɯaʔ/ | ua | ưa | | ເກືອ | /ɯa/ | ua | ư̄a |
| ກຸ | /u/ | ou | u | u | ກູ | /uː/ | ou | ū | uu | ກົວະ | /uaʔ/ | oua | ua | | ກົວ/ ກວກ | /ua/ | oua | ūa |
| ເກະ/ເກັກ | /e/ | é | e | | ເກ | /eː/ | é | ē | e | | | | | | | | | |
| ແກະ/ແກັກ | /ɛ/ | è | æ | | ແກ | /ɛː/ | è | ǣ | ei | | | | | | | | | |
| ໂກະ/ກົກ | /o/ | ô | o | | ໂກ | /oː/ | ô | ō | o | | | | | | | | | |
| ເກາະ/ກັອກ | /ɔ/ | o | o̜ | | ກໍ/ກອກ | /ɔː/ | o | ō̜ | | | | | | | | | | |
| ເກິ/ເກິະ | /ɤ/ | eu | œ | | ເກີ | /ɤː/ | eu | œ̄ | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | ໄກ/ໃກ/ກັຍ | /aj/ | ai | ai | ai/ay | ກາຍ/ກາຽ | /aːj/ | ai | āi |
| ເກົາ | /aw/ | ao | ao | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| ກໍາ | /am/ | am | am | am | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
# Karim Mansh

Karim MH (Arabic: ;كريم المانش; born 15 February 2004) is an Egyptian football midfielder who plays for UAE Premier League side Ittihad Kalba.
# Baliledo language

Baliledu is an Austronesian language spoken on Sumba, Indonesia.
# .220 Rook

The .220 Rook / 5.7x18mmR, also known as the .220 Long Centrefire, is an obsolete British centerfire rifle cartridge.

## Overview

The .220 Rook is a rimmed cartridge originally designed for use in rook rifles. It was designed and produced in Britain in the 1880s. It is believed to be an early centrefire version of the .22 Long Rifle rimfire cartridge.
The .220 Rook fired a bullet of 30 grains (1.9 g) weight driven by 5 grains (0.32 g) of black powder, it was designed for hunting small game and target shooting, although many considered it too small for practical hunting purposes.
# Sire Mandir at Jalore

Sire Mandir is a Hindu temple dedicated to god shiva (as a form of Jaliendra Nath). Located on the Kalashacal hills near the Jalore Fort, this temple is located in the state of Rajasthan, India. The worship place is situated at a height of 646 meters on the Kalashacal hills.
Being the sacred groove of sage Jabali, many saints came and meditated here. Pandavas spent some of their time here and King Bhruthhari's path leader Suanath and his disciples made it their home. There are many temples for Shiva & Shakti present here, out of which Sire Mandir is famous for its natural environment, belief and austerity.
The road in front of the Hotel Geetco leads directly towards the Kalashachal mountain. It is only 3 km from the town. While climbing the mountain, we may find Yogiraj Jalandhar Nath Ji's footsteps’ imprints. Nearby there is a temple and one big water hut and a parking place for vehicles.
From the valley to the temple, it is only three km (1.9 mi) of climbing where stairs are made for safe climbing. In between, there is a temple of Hanuman and lord Ganesha.
Sire Mandir is the house of lord Shankar and was built by Raja Ratan Singh known as Ratneshwar. It is known for its vastness. Shivling is established in one rounded cave.
There is one Jhalara, a big Mansarovar, non-stop ‘Dhunna’, a Dining Hall, Palace of Raja Mansingh, two gardens and a resting place on different locations.
Presently in the undertaking of Mahant Shri 1008 Ganganath Ji Maharaj, new construction had taken place and plantation on a mass basis happened. There is a facility of both telephone and electricity. On the other side, a water facility for tourists is available 24 hours.
In front of the Ratneshwar temple, one big elephant of cement & stone is built. Being the sacred grove of Yogi Jalandhar Nath Ji, it is also a sacred grove of Yogi Suanath, Dev Nath, Bhawani Nath, Bhairunath, Phoolnath Kesarnath and Bholenath. Jodhpur's king Mansingh also prayed here to get his kingdom back.
# Darren O'Connell

Darren O'Connell (born 1997) is an Irish hurler who plays for Limerick Senior Championship club Kildimo/Pallaskenry and at inter-county level with the Limerick senior hurling team. He usually lines out as a right corner-forward.

## Career statistics

    As of match played 27 February 2022.
| Team | Year | National League | National League | National League | Munster | Munster | All-Ireland | All-Ireland | Total | Total |
| Team | Year | Division | Apps | Score | Apps | Score | Apps | Score | Apps | Score |
| Limerick | 2020 | Division 1A | 3 | 0-02 | 0 | 0-00 | 0 | 0-00 | 3 | 0-02 |
| Limerick | 2021 | | 3 | 1-00 | 0 | 0-00 | 0 | 0-00 | 3 | 1-00 |
| | 2022 | | 2 | 0-00 | 0 | 0-00 | 0 | 0-00 | 2 | 0-00 |
| Career total | Career total | Career total | 8 | 1-02 | 0 | 0-00 | 0 | 0-00 | 8 | 1-02 |

## Honours
### Garryspillane

* Limerick Premier Intermediate Hurling Championship (1): 2020

### Limerick

* All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship (1): 2020
* Munster Senior Hurling Championship (1): 2020
* National Hurling League (1): 2020
* Munster Senior Hurling League (2): 2020
# Mehmet Sedef

Mehmet Seyfettin Sedef (born 5 August 1987 in Kilis) is a Turkish professional footballer who last played as a defender for Çorum FK.

## Club career

After passing through their youth ranks, he joined the Beşiktaş senior squad in 2005, making his Süper Lig debut on 28 May 2005 against Akçaabat Sebatspor in the last match of 2004-2005 season. He was loaned to Altay S.K. to the end of 2008-2009 season and Çaykur Rizespor for the 2009–10 season.
Following the away match against Konyaspor played on October 10, 2013, without any prior disturbances or indications, he reported a heart condition as the team was boarding the plane back home. The prompt examinations revealed that he had been suffering a heart attack and was taken into intensive care for the necessary operation and follow-up. He played full 90 minutes in that aforementioned match.
On 31 October 2015, his contract with Gaziantepspor was terminated by mutual agreement.

## Honours
### Club
#### Beşiktaş

* Turkish Cup: 2005–06, 2006–07
* Turkish Super Cup: 2006
# Parkinson's disease dementia

Parkinson's disease dementia (PDD) is dementia that is associated with Parkinson's disease (PD). Together with dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB), it is one of the Lewy body dementias characterized by abnormal deposits of Lewy bodies in the brain.
Parkinson's disease starts as a movement disorder, but progresses in most cases to include dementia and changes in mood and behavior. The signs, symptoms and cognitive profile of PDD are similar to those of DLB; DLB and PDD are clinically similar after dementia occurs in Parkinson's disease. Parkinson's disease is a risk factor for PDD; it speeds up decline in cognition leading to PDD. Up to 78% of people with PD have dementia. Delusions in PDD are less common than in DLB, and persons with PD are typically less caught up in their visual hallucinations than those with DLB. There is a higher incidence of tremor at rest in PD than in DLB, and signs of parkinsonism in PDD are less symmetrical than in DLB.
Parkinson's disease dementia can only be definitively diagnosed after death with an autopsy of the brain. The 2017 Fourth Consensus Report established diagnostic criteria for PDD and DLB. The diagnostic criteria are the same for both conditions, except that PDD is distinguished from DLB by the time frame in which dementia symptoms appear relative to parkinsonian symptoms. DLB is diagnosed when cognitive symptoms begin before or at the same time as parkinsonism. Parkinson's disease dementia is the diagnosis when Parkinson's disease is well established before the dementia occurs; that is, the onset of dementia is more than a year after the onset of parkinsonian symptoms.
Cognitive behavioral therapy can help people with Parkinson's disease with parkinsonian pain, insomnia, depression, anxiety, and impulse disorders, if those interventions are properly adapted to the motor, cognitive and executive dysfunctions seen in Parkinson's disease, including Parkinson's dementia.

## Society and culture

General awareness about LBD lags well behind that of Parkinson's and Alzheimer's diseases, even though LBD is the second most common dementia, after Alzheimer's.
# Mirror Stream

Mirror Stream (Ukrainian: Дзеркальний струмінь, Dzerkalʹnyi struminʹ) is a fountain in Kharkiv, Ukraine. The natural fountain was discovered in 1947.
The fountain is near the Kharkiv Philharmonic. It was built in 1947. It remains one of the most remarkable architectural monuments in Kharkiv and, due to that, has been listed in UNESCO's Encyclopedia.
A "Komsomol Heroes Alley" with busts of young World War II heroes was located behind the fountain from 1958 until 2013. The busts were removed during the construction of the new church Khram Svyatykh Zhon-Myronosytsʹ, due to the 2015 decommunization laws they have never returned.

## Gallery

* Fountain in spring
* Stucco on the keystone
* Gazebo at night
# Árpád Pédery

Árpád Pédery (1 February 1890 – 21 October 1914) was a Hungarian gymnast who competed in the 1912 Summer Olympics. He was born in Budapest.
He was part of the Hungarian team, which won the silver medal in the gymnastics men's team, European system event in 1912. He later joined the Austro-Hungarian Army and was killed during World War I in Luzsek, Galicia.
# Roger Wosahlo

Roger Frank Wosahlo (11 September 1947 – 10 January 2015) was an English professional footballer.

## Career

Born in Cambridge, Wosahlo was an England schoolboys international. He joined the Chelsea youth system, and went on to become top scorer in their youth team. He made his first-team debut during the 1966–67 season as a substitute against Stoke City on 22 April 1967, but did not make any further appearances, and joined Ipswich Town in July 1967.
He became a regular reserve team player, but made only one first team appearance during the 1967–68 season in a 4–1 win at Huddersfield Town on 16 September 1967, setting up two of Ipswich's four goals. He joined Peterborough United at the end of the season. After making 15 league appearances for Peterborough in 1968–69, he returned to Ipswich. However, he was unable to become a first team regular, making only a single appearance during the 1969–70 season in a 2–2 draw with Liverpool on 18 October 1969. He subsequently moved to South Africa to play for the Johannesburg-based Rangers, where he played for three seasons.
Wosahlo later returned to the Ipswich area, settling in Belstead. He became player-manager at Suffolk & Ipswich League club Waterside, and went on to become involved with Ipswich Wanderers for over two decades, including holding the position of Development Manager. He died on 10 January 2015 at the age of 67 due to cancer.
# Cheirotonus

Cheirotonus is a genus of long-armed scarabs (subfamily Euchirinae) with about 10 species with a distribution extending west along the Himalayas to Japan in the east. They live inside tree holes in montane forest and are attracted to lights. Males and females show differences in size and structure of the legs with males having elongated foretibiae. The pronotum is shiny green and the elytra are usually dark with orange patterning.
Eight to ten species, depending on the taxonomic treatment, are recognized:
* C. battareli Pouillaude 1913 - northern Vietnam
* C. formosanus Ohaus 1913 - Taiwan
* C. gestroi Pouillaude 1913 - Northeast India, Burma, Thailand, Vietnam
** =corompti Pouillaude 1913
** =henrici Pouillaude 1913
** =chiangdaoensis Minet 1987
* C. jambar Kurosawa 1984 - North Okinawa
* C. jansoni (Jordan 1898) - Burma, China, Vietnam
** = nankinensis Yu, 1936
** = szetshuanus Medvedev, 1960
* C. macleayi Hope, 1841 - Bhutan, India, China
* C. parryii Gray, 1848 - Burma, India, Laos, Thailand
* C. peracanus Kriesche 1919 - Peninsular Malaysia
** =arnaudi Minet 1981
* C. terunumai Muramoto 2008 - Tibet
# Sirwar taluk

Sirwar, also spelled as Sirawara, is a taluk (previously a town under Manvi taluk) of the Raichur district in the state of Karnataka in India. Sirwar is one of the fastest-growing towns in Karnataka. It is famous for Paddy, Sona Mossurie Rice, and its litchi, which it exports in tonnes. It is the business center of almost 30 villages across the region.

## Geography

Sirwar is situated in the southern part of India and the northern part of Karnataka. Karnataka State Highway 20 (also called Raichur-Bagalakote Road) passes through Sirwar and is 36 km away from the district headquarters of Raichur, approximately 500 km from Bangalore. The highway belongs to the Raichur region.
The climate of the town is hot from March to mid-June and milder for the rest of the year. The town experiences cool nights and mornings during December–January.
Notable villages of Sirwar Taluk:
* Madagiri
* Kallur
* Kavitala
* Attanur
* Mallata

## History

The name of the Sirwar (syn. siri-war) comes from Siri in Kannada Siri-Rich Place. The town is an economically rich place. According to some, Sirwar produces the world's best-quality rice.

## Food

The main food in the Sirwar is rice, though rotti/khadak (crispy) rotti, sajje rotti, chapathi, curries, and spicy chicken dishes are also found. Crops such as paddy, corn, cotton, pulses, and chilies are grown.

## Occupation

Agriculture is the main occupation, this place is being compared with Punjab, for its rich and modern agriculture. Retail and finance are also major businesses.

## Local festivities

There are several festivals throughout the year:
* Yellu Amavasya - The Yellu Amavasya festival is observed by farmers and is a form of thanksgiving to Mother Earth for a good harvest. An important ceremony on Yellu Amavasya day is the spraying of sesame and jaggery on agricultural lands. There is a belief that the sesame and jaggery are food for the worms in the farmland.
* rRamrRamzan
* AMBEDKAR jayanti
* CHRISTMAS
* Karnataka Rajyotsava
* Basava Jayanti
* Kanaka Jayanti
* GOOD FRIDAY
* Ugadi
# Darren Rafferty

Darren Rafferty (born 1 July 2003) is an Irish cyclist, who currently rides for UCI WorldTeam EF Education–EasyPost.

## Personal life

His brother Adam is also a professional cyclist. He is from Dungannon in County Tyrone.

## Major results
### Cyclo-cross
#### 2019–2020

    1st National Junior Championships

#### 2022–2023

    3rd National Championships

### Road
#### 2020

    1st Time trial, National Junior Championships

#### 2021

    National Junior Championships
       1st Road race
       1st Time trial
    2nd Chrono des Nations Juniors
    4th Time trial, UEC European Junior Championships

#### 2022

    1st Time trial, National Under-23 Championships
    1st Strade Bianche di Romagna
    5th Road race, National Road Championships
    6th Time trial, UEC European Under-23 Championships
    6th Chrono des Nations Under-23
    8th Time trial, Commonwealth Games

#### 2023

    1st Time trial, National Under-23 Championships
    1st Overall Giro della Valle d'Aosta
    2nd Overall Giro Next Gen
    5th Time trial, UCI World Under-23 Championships
    5th Liège–Bastogne–Liège Espoirs
    5th Giro del Belvedere
    7th Trofeo Alcide Degasperi

#### 2024 (1 pro win)

    National Championships
       1st Road race
       4th Time trial
    6th Time trial, UCI World Under-23 Championships
    6th Trofeo Laigueglia

#### Grand Tour general classification results timeline

| Grand Tour | 2024 |
| Giro d'Italia | — |
| Tour de France | — |
| Vuelta a España | 75 |
Legend :
| — | Did not compete |
| DNF | Did not finish |
# Mirza Pandit Dhar

Mirza Pandit Dhar (Kashmiri: مرزا پنڈت دار) was a prominent Kashmiri during the Afghan rule of Kashmir in the early 19th century. He is notable for his work with Birbal Dhar to end Afghan rule of the Kashmir Valley by challenging the acting governor Azad Khan. His brother was Dewan Sahaj Ram Dhar, a notable statesman in the region during the Mughal era. Both were members of the prominent Dhar family of Kashmir. Sahaj Ram's grandson was Mahanand Joo Dhar, another notable Kashmiri Pandit court official at the time.
# Kyzyl-Sengir

Kyzyl-Sengir (Kyrgyz: Кызыл-Сеңир) is a village in Jalal-Abad Region of Kyrgyzstan. It is part of the Suzak District. Its population was 3,612 in 2021.
# Mahmoud Ateya

Mahmoud Ateya (Arabic: محمود عطية; born August 20, 1984) is an Egyptian professional footballer who currently plays as a goalkeeper for the Egyptian club El Raja SC.
# Khalifehi

Khalifehi (Persian: خليفه اي) may refer to:
* Khalifehi, Bushehr
* Khalifehi, Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad
# XEGEM-AM

XEGEM-AM is a radio station in Metepec, State of Mexico, Mexico on 1600 AM, owned by the government of the State of Mexico. It is part of the Radio Mexiquense state radio network and is its flagship on AM, broadcasting to the state capital of Toluca.
XEGEM signed on May 18, 1983 along with XETUL-AM 1080 in Tultitlán, XETEJ-AM 1250 in Tejupilco and XEATL-AM 1520 in Atlacomulco (now XHATL-FM 105.5).
In 1984, television station XHGEM-TV took to air, and in 2002, XHGEM-FM 91.7 came to air. XEGEM and XHGEM FM have separate program schedules.
# Yumie Nishiogi

Yumie Nishiogi (西荻 弓絵; born September 3, 1960) is a Japanese screenwriter. Born in Tokyo and graduated from Keio University.
# Buff-faced scrubwren

The buff-faced scrubwren (Aethomyias perspicillatus) is a bird species in the family Acanthizidae. It is found in the highlands of New Guinea; Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist montane forests.
This species was formerly placed in the genus Sericornis but following the publication of a molecular phylogenetic study of the scrubwrens in 2018, it was moved to the resurrected genus Aethomyias.
# Wuhan Open (snooker)

The Wuhan Open is a professional ranking snooker tournament. The reigning champion is Xiao Guodong.

## History

The event was introduced in the 2023/2024 season. It was the first ranking snooker competition held in mainland China since the 2019 World Open, after a hiatus of tournaments in China due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The inaugural 2023 edition ran from 9 to 15 October in Wuhan, China, and was won by Judd Trump, who defeated Ali Carter 10–7 in the final.

## Winners

| Year | Winner | Runner-up | Final score | Venue | Season |
| 2023 | Judd Trump (ENG) | Ali Carter (ENG) | 10–7 | Wuhan Gymnasium, Wuhan, China | 2023/24 |
| 2024 | Xiao Guodong (CHN) | Si Jiahui (CHN) | 10–7 | COVCEC, Wuhan, China | 2024/25 |
# When Summer Comes

When Summer Comes is a studio album by jazz saxophonist George Howard, released in 1993 on GRP Records. The album reached No. 4 on the Billboard Contemporary Jazz Albums chart and No. 32 on the Billboard Top R&B Albums chart.
When Summer Comes was executively produced by Larry Rosen and Dave Grusin. Artists such as George Duke, Everette Harp, Sonny Emory, Paul Jackson Jr. and Stanley Clarke appeared on the album.

## Critical reception

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
AllMusic gave the album a 2 out of 5 star rating.

## Credits

* Coordinator [Production Coordination] – Marc Engel
* Engineer – Devon Black (2) (tracks: 2)
* Engineer [Assistant At Devonshire] – Jeff Graham, Rick Novak
* Engineer [Assistant At Sand Castle] – Alex Sok, Tim Nitz
* Engineer [Assistant At The Chapel Studio] – Andy Warwick
* Engineer [Assistant At Tree Sound] – J. Paul Diaz
* Engineer [Tracking & Overdubs] – Bobby Brooks
* Engineer [Tracking At Tree Sound, Atlanta] – Malcolm Weldon
* Executive-Producer – Dave Grusin, Larry Rosen
* Mastered By – Steve Hall
* Mixed By – Bobby Brooks, George Howard
* Post Production [Post-Production By] – Adam Zelinka, Joseph Doughney, Michael Landy
* Producer – George Howard (tracks: 1, 3-5, 7-10), Keith Lewis (tracks: 2), Rayford Griffin (tracks: 6)
* Producer [Assistant] – Sam Sims (tracks: 7, 8), Vance Taylor
* Programmed By [Keyboard Programming], Sound Designer – Michael McKnight
* Soprano Saxophone – George Howard
# Mahmoud Samna

Mahmoud Samna (Arabic: محمود سمنه) (born November 1, 1983) is an Egyptian football defender who currently plays for Egyptian Premier League side Petrojet.

## Career

Samna is one of the most famous defenders in the Egyptian Premier League, known for his strong style of play. A fighting, hard-working defender, who also has very good attacking headers.
At the start of the 2007-2008 season, when the manager Mohamed Amer was under pressure from fans after losing a number of matches, Samna was caught on camera going to the away stand of the Cairo International Stadium to calm the Al-Ittihad Al-Iskandary fans down himself, and asking them to stop chanting against his manager.
His headed goal for Al-Ittihad Al-Iskandary at Petrojet in the final days of the 2007-2008 season is one of the most famous in the Alexandrian club's history, as it kept them from being relegated for the first time from the Egyptian Premier League.
He joined Asyut Petroleum from Al-Ittihad Al-Iskandary in 2008 for a record club salary fee. In summer 2009, he rejected offers from El Zamalek and Ismaily and signed for Petrojet for around €100,000.

## Transfer Speculation

It has been reported that he was going to sign for Turkish Super Lig club Galatasaray in summer 2009 and prior to this, African champions Al-Ahly, in January 2009.
In March 2010, he received an offer from Finnish Veikkausliiga club FC Lahti, which Petrojet rejected.

## International career

He has been a regular international for the Under-18 Egypt and played for the Under-20 Egypt as well.
# Sedorre

Sedorre (Arabic: سيدور) is a town in the northern Obock region of Djibouti.