OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Margegaj

Margegaj is a village and a former municipality in the Kukës County, northern Albania. At the 2015 local government reform it became a subdivision of the municipality Tropojë. The population at the 2023 census was 1,907.
The valley of the Valbonë River and the village of Valbonë are located in the municipality. The following settlements belong to the municipality:
* Bradoshnicë
* Çerem
* Dedaj
* Dragobi
* Fushë Lumi
* Koçanaj
* Margegaj
* Lagja Paqës
* Rragam
* Shoshan
* Valbonë
Margegaj may be etymologically related to the word Gheg, which would make sense since it is located in a Gheg region of Albania.

## Notable people

* Shpend Dragobia (1853–1918), warrior during the pre-Albanian declaration of independence period
* Haxhi Zeka (1832–1902), Albanian nationalist leader and a member of the League of Prizren
* Fatime Sokoli (1948–1987), folk music singer
# Ghana Music Rights Organization

Ghana Music Rights Organization (GHAMRO) is a royalties collection agency within Ghana that represents the rights of music copyright holders. It was created under Section 49 of the Copyright Law, Act 690 of 2005. The agency collects royalties for all rights owners in Ghana. Before 2005, that function had been operated by the Copyright Society of Ghana. The organization has faced regular criticism about its transparency and engagement of stakeholders. As of 2018, the organization was led by Rex Omar. As of May 2021, Abraham Adjatey, commonly known as 'Agya Abraham', was the GHAMRO CEO.
# The Real Spark

James Bates (born 1991 or 1992) is an American comedian, best known as The Real Spark and known for his parody news interview videos.

## Personal life and education

Bates is based in Lafayette, Louisiana and was aged 29 in August 2021.
He studied psychology.

## Career

Bates is a driver for Uber as well as working full time in video production.
In 2020, he won a YouTube Silver Creator Award.
In a 2021 parody interview that went viral on YouTube and Twitter, Bates played the fictional flight attendant Alfredo Rivera. The video's release followed a real incident on a Frontier Airlines flight and was misunderstood by journalist Piers Morgan as authentic, prompting Morgan to tweet "This is utterly fantastic. We need more people like Alfredo in the world." Television program Good Morning America also misunderstood the parody to be real. On 10 August 2021, AFP Fact Check advised that the "social media sensation is a comedian, not a US flight attendant" In December 2021, Madison Pauly, writing in Mother Jones, described the video as "sidesplitting".
In 2022, Bates released a parody video about a man being charged for indecent exposure.
# Kokumbona

Kokumbona (also Kakambona) is a village on the island of Guadalcanal in the Solomon Islands.
It was a Japanese base during World War II and the site of a United States Marine Corps amphibious landing on 19 August 1942.
Located on Guadalcanal's north coast, it is west of Honiara.
# Faragheh Rural District

Faragheh Rural District (Persian: دهستان فراغه) is in the Central District of Abarkuh County, Yazd province, Iran. Its capital is the village of Faragheh.

## Demographics
### Population

At the time of the 2006 National Census, the rural district's population was 3,102 in 884 households. There were 3,439 inhabitants in 1,072 households at the following census of 2011. The 2016 census measured the population of the rural district as 3,456 in 1,124 households. The most populous of its 103 villages was Faragheh, with 1,040 people.
# Mie Live

MIE Live is a live album Japanese singer MIE. Recorded live at Shibuya Public Hall on October 3, 1981, the album was released on February 21, 1982. MIE Live features cover songs and a medley of Pink Lady hit singles and B-sides. The album was reissued on October 24, 2007 as MIE Live +2, with two bonus tracks.

## Track listing
### Side B

All lyrics are written by Yū Aku, except where indicated; all music is composed by Shunichi Tokura, except where indicated
# Richard Dorrill

Richard Dorill (c. 1719 – 1 January 1762) was a naval officer and colonial governor of Newfoundland, died in Bath, England.

## Naval career

Dorill joined the Royal Navy in 1732 and was promoted to lieutenant in 1739. He served off Toulon in action against the French and Spanish in 1744. Promoted to captain he was given command of the sloop HMS Jamaica in 1746 and of the frigate HMS Penzance in 1755. He was appointed Governor of Newfoundland in May 1755. He upheld Britain's commands regarding its inhabitants and his intolerance of the Irish Catholic. He had a Roman Catholic priest arrested for officiating at mass in Harbour Grace. He went on to take command of the first-rate HMS Royal George at Deptford in 1756.
# Menoufia University

Menoufia University is one of the regional universities in Egypt, established in 1976. The university started with four colleges (the College of Agriculture, the College of Engineering, the College of Education, and the College of Electronic Engineering), then it expanded and established many of its affiliated colleges until it became comprising about 80000 students, 3000 faculty members and assistant staff. The main headquarters of the university are located in Shebin El Kom. Currently, the university includes 13 colleges and one institute after the separation of the faculties of the university branch in Sadat City, which has become the University of Sadat City.
# Bolivia national under-20 football team

Bolivia national under-20 football team represents Bolivia in international football competitions such as South American Youth Championship.

## Current squad

Efrain Morales Yomar Rene Rocha Rodriguez Diego Parrado Olmos Carlos Leonardo Sejas Albis Jhon Velasco José Herrera (Bolivian footballer) José Alfredo Flores López Fernando Nava Ortega Miguel Ángel Villarroel Tardio Ramiro Eguez Lima Pablo César Luján García Denilson Durán Zabala Juan Pablo Magallanes Ribera Carlitos Jose Rodriguez Sotto Fabricio Domenico Quaglio Franco Lucas Leónidas Chávez Cruz Daniel Ribera Bruun Ervin Vaca Moreno Eduardo Mauricio Álvarez Vargas Joel Bernal Flores Bruno Rodrigo Poveda Zeballos Luis Leonardo Guzmán Franco Luis Fernando Paz Vargas

## Honours

* South American Games
** Bronze medal (1): 1978
# William Wilson (botanist)

William M. Wilson (1799–1871) was an English botanist, known for his focus on bryology.

## Life

The second son of Thomas Wilson, a druggist, he was born at Warrington (which was then in Lancashire, and later transferred to Cheshire) on 7 June 1799. He was educated at Prestbury Grammar School and under Dr John Reynolds at the dissenting academy in Leaf Square, Manchester. He was then articled to a firm of solicitors in Manchester; but fell ill. This led to his love of botany, and when he was about 25, his mother gave him an allowance so that he could devote himself entirely to it.
In 1821 Wilson discovered Cotoneaster cambricus on Great Orme's Head. It brought him into correspondence with Sir James Edward Smith, who encouraged him. In 1827 John Stevens Henslow introduced him to William Jackson Hooker.
Wilson spent nearly two years in Ireland, where he studied mosses, which from 1830 took his whole attention. From 1829 onward he was frequently quoted in Hooker's British Flora. He became well known in his field.

## Death

Wilson died at Paddington, two miles from Warrington, on 3 April 1871, and was buried in the nonconformist burial-ground, Hill Cliff, Warrington. He had married in 1836 a widowed cousin, Eliza Lane.

## Works

Wilson was entrusted with the description of the mosses collected in the voyages of HMS Erebus and HMS Terror under James Clark Ross (expedition to Antarctica from 1839 to 1843), and of HMS Herald under Henry Kellett. He made an early account of Tasmanian mosses, describing many novelties.
Wilson entered into correspondence with specialists: Sextus Otto Lindberg and Wilhelm Philippe Schimper. His major work was the Bryologia Britannica (1855) intended as a third edition of the Muscologia Britannica (1818) of Hooker and Thomas Taylor, but was substantially a new work. Over a hundred new species of British mosses were then added to the list between its publication and his death.
Besides the Cotoneaster, Wilson added a new species of rose, a fern, and many mosses to the British list, the rose Rosa Wilsoni being named after him by William Borrer, and the Wilson's filmy fern named Hymenophyllum wilsonii by Hooker. Wilson described many new species of exotic mosses in the Journal of Botany. His papers were enumerated in the Royal Society's Catalogue (vi. 389, viii. 1249), and his herbarium and botanical correspondence went to the Natural History Museum.
With William Jackson Hooker Wilson edited the exsiccata series Musci Americani; or, specimens of mosses, Jungermanniae, &c. collected by the late Thomas Drummond, in the Southern States of North America. Arranged and named by W. Wilson and Sir W. J. Hooker (1841). Later on he issued the exsiccata Musci Britannici (1855).
# Lourdes Oñederra

Miren Lourdes Oñederra Olaizola (born 9 June 1958) is a Basque writer and professor.

## Life

Oñederra was born in San Sebastián in 1958. She studied for her first degree in Spain at the University of Deusto. After graduating in 1980 she took her masters at the University of Iowa. She returned to the Basque country to take her doctorate in philology supervised by Koldo Mitxelena. She was appointed a professor in her home town in 1982.
In 1999 she published her first novel And the woman said to the serpent and this was successful and received a number of awards including the Basque Government Prize for Literature in 2000. The book has been translated into Spanish, English and Russian.
In 2014 she was a professor at the University of the Basque Country.
# Manuel Escudero

Manuel Escudero Zamora (born 1946) is a Spanish economist and politician.

## Biography

Escudero was born on 29 March 1946 in San Sebastián, Gipuzkoa. He graduated in business sciences at the Universidad de Deusto and obtained a PhD at the London School of Economics. Between 1987 and 1991, he worked as co-ordinator of the "Programa 2000" of the Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE). He was professor of macroeconomics at the IE Business School in Madrid between 1991 and 2005 as well as the director of the Global Compact Research Center at the Levin Institute. Linked within the PSOE to Josep Borrell, in 2003 he became a member of the Congress of Deputies representing Madrid, covering the vacant seat left by José Quintana Viar. Escudero, who later took a step back from the political activity, returned to the PSOE and was appointed secretary responsible for the area of economic policy and employment of the PSOE.
Following the accession of Pedro Sánchez to the post of prime minister in June 2018, Escudero was appointed chief ambassador of the Spanish delegation to the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), replacing José Ignacio Wert.
# Fischer–Hepp rearrangement

In organic chemistry, the Fischer–Hepp rearrangement is a rearrangement reaction in which an aromatic N-nitroso (−N=O) or secondary nitrosamine (>N−N=O) converts to a carbon nitroso compound:
This organic reaction was first described by the German chemist Otto Philipp Fischer (1852–1932) and Eduard Hepp (June 11, 1851 – June 18, 1917) in 1886, and is of importance because para-NO secondary anilines cannot be prepared in a direct reaction.
The rearrangement reaction takes place by reacting the nitrosamine precursor with hydrochloric acid. The chemical yield is generally good under these conditions, but often much poorer if a different acid is used. The exact reaction mechanism is unknown but the chloride counterion is likely not relevant, except in a competing decomposition reaction. There is evidence suggesting an intramolecular reaction, similar to that seen in the Bamberger rearrangement. Nitrosation follows the classic patterns of electrophilic aromatic substitution (for example, a meta nitro group inhibits the reaction), although substitution ortho to the amine is virtually unknown. The final step, in which a proton eliminates from the Wheland intermediate, appears to be rate-limiting, and the rearrangement is also suppressed in excessive (e.g. >10M sulfuric) acid.
# Idas (mythology)

In Greek mythology, Idas (/ˈiːdəs/, Ancient Greek: Ἴδας, translit. Ídas) may refer to the following individuals:
* Idas, son of Aphareus
* Idas, also called Acesidas ("averter from Mt. Ida"), one of the Dactyls who represented the "little finger".
* Idas, an Egyptian prince as son of Aegyptus and Hephaestine. He married Hippodice, daughter of Danaus who killed him during their wedding night.
* Idas, one of the Ethiopian Chiefs, was in the court of Cepheus when the fight broke between Perseus and Phineus. He kept neutral, but was nevertheless accidentally killed by Phineus.
* Idas, son of Clymenus and Epicaste, brother of Harpalyce and Therager.
* Idas, an Athenian son of Arcas and one of the Sacrificial victims of the Minotaur.
* Idas, an Elean from Pisa who participated in the foot-race at Opheltes' funeral games. During the war of the Seven against Thebes he came in succour of Hippomedon, one of the Seven.
* Idas, a man from Onchestus. He was a defender of Thebes in war of the Seven against Thebes and was slain by Tydeus.
* Idas, one of those comrades of Diomedes in Italy who turned into birds.
* Idas, one of the soldiers of Aeneas in Italy. He was killed by Turnus, the man who opposed Aeneas in Italy.
# Manfred Lahnstein

Manfred Lahnstein (born 20 December 1937) is a German politician of the Social Democratic Party (SPD). In 1982 he was German Federal Minister of Finance as well as Federal Minister of Economics and until 2004 worked for the media conglomerate Bertelsmann.

## Early life

The son of a country doctor in Erkrath, Manfred Lahnstein grew up with three siblings.

## Career

In 1982, Lahnstein became West Germany's minister of finance under Helmut Schmidt. To 1983 he was professional politician. In 1983 Manfred Lahnstein was recruited by Bertelsmann AG in Gütersloh, from the Bundestag. At Bertelsmann, he was initially on the board responsible for printing and industrial enterprises, and moved in 1994 as a member of the Supervisory Board. From 1998 to 2004 he worked for the Bertelsmann Group, as special representative of the Board.
From 1986, he is professor of culture and media management at the Hochschule für Musik und Theater Hamburg.
Since 1994, he heads in Hamburg the consulting firm Lahnstein & Partners, International Consultants.
Since 1996, he is Chairman of the Board of Trustees of one of Germany's largest private foundations, the ZEIT-Stiftung.
He was the first German and Non-Jew to become Chairman of the Board of Governors at the University of Haifa in 2001, where he had been Governor since 1996. The Bucerius Institute for Research of Contemporary German History and Society at the University of Haifa was founded in 2001 on this occasion by the ZEIT-Stiftung.
In February 2009, he was appointed to the Supervisory Board of the London-based investment company Berger Lahnstein Middelhoff & Partners LLP (BLM Partners).
Lahnstein is an adviser to the Saudi conglomerate Olayan Group and the investment bank Rothschild.

## Personal life

Lahnstein is married to Sonja Lahnstein-Kandel. They live in Hamburg and have one daughter and a son from his first marriage.

## Other activities

* Friedrich Ebert Foundation (FES), Member
# Valentin Khromov

Valentin Konstantinovich Khromov (Russian: Валентин Константинович Хромов 2 December 1933 – 11 November 2020) was a Russian poet.

## Biography

Born in Moscow on 2 December 1933, Khromov studied alongside the artist Anatoly Zverev. He graduated from the Institute of Foreign Languages. He was one of the first poets of his generation to utilize the palindrome.
In the mid-1950s, Khromov joined the Poets of the Mansard, one of the first circles of poets attempting to overcome censorship by the Soviet Union. He wrote several critical works on poetry, as well as essays on artists and poets.
Valentin Khromov died on 11 November 2020, at the age of 86.
# Vale of Ewyas

The Vale of Ewyas (Welsh: Dyffryn Ewias) is the steep-sided and secluded valley of the River Honddu, in the Black Mountains of Wales and within the Brecon Beacons National Park. As well as its outstanding beauty, it is known for the ruins of Llanthony Priory, and for several noteworthy churches such as those at Capel-y-ffin and Cwmyoy. It is sometimes referred to as the "Llanthony Valley" as Llanthony is the village situated at the valley centre.

## Geography

The Vale is named after the cantref of Ewias, which may have originally been a small Welsh kingdom following the Roman withdrawal from Britain and which, after the Norman conquest of England and Norman invasion of Wales, became an autonomous lordship within the March of Wales. In 1536, the Vale became part of the new county of Monmouthshire, while other parts of Ewyas to the east became incorporated into Herefordshire.
At the head of the Vale is the Gospel Pass, which is reputed to have been named after the time in the 12th century when the Third Crusade passed through the area preaching and fund raising. Nearby, at Capel-y-ffin, is an 18th-century church or chapel, one of the smallest in the country, and close to the former home of designer Eric Gill. Further south near the valley entrance, at Cwmyoy, the church there has suffered gradual subsidence over the centuries, and is best known for the disorienting tilts and twists of the building which add to its character. A few miles away, further into the Black Mountains, is Partrishow or Patricio, which has an outstanding 11th-century church.
Bruce Chatwin's book On the Black Hill depicts the upland livestock farming community over the past 100 years or so in the area. A locally born writer and academic Raymond Williams may well have set to restore the balance with his two books on the People of the Black Mountains, written a few years afterwards.
The Vale of Ewyas is accessed by a single track road between Llanfihangel Crucorney, near Abergavenny, and Hay-on-Wye. The northern part of the valley, above Capel-y-Ffin, is within the county of Powys (historically Brecknockshire), and the southern part within Monmouthshire.

## Llanthony Priory

The Priory was formerly an Augustinian monastery until the dissolution of the Monasteries by Henry VIII. The ruins are protected by Cadw and access is free; however, dogs are barred from entering. The ruins were much painted in the 18th and 19th century, including and famously by J. M. W. Turner. The associated lodgings still attached to the ruins and known as The Abbey Hotel, are still used and there is a cellar pub where refreshments can be had during regular opening hours. The road from either Hay in the north or Llanfihangel Crucorney is, however, only a single track and delays may occur when the road is busy.
# Trent Schmutter

Trent Schmutter (born 27 August 1987 in Sydney) is an Australian former professional outfielder who had played for Sydney Blue Sox.
In 2011, he was awarded the 2010-11 Australian Baseball League season Rookie of the Year.
In 2023 Trent started his PHS career teaching the SLR year 12 class
# Woolen

Woolen (American English) or woollen (Commonwealth English) is a type of yarn made from carded wool. Woolen yarn is soft, light, stretchy, and full of air. It is thus a good insulator, and makes a good knitting yarn. Woolen yarn is in contrast to worsted yarn, in which the fibers are combed to lie parallel rather than carded, producing a hard, strong yarn.

## Commercial manufacture

The woolen and worsted process both require that the wool (and other similar animal fibres, cashmere, camel, etc.) be cleaned before mechanical processing. Woolen and worsted nomenclatures apply only to the textile processing of animal fibres, but it has become common to include fibre blends under these terms.
The resultant fabrics will be classified as being either woolen or worsted, but this designation is assigned during fiber processing and yarn formation, not in the cloth or finished garment.
A woven woolen fabric is one which is subjected to fabric finishing techniques designed to add a directional pile — in that the end consumer can 'stroke' the garment in a single direction (shoulder to cuff etc.), such as a casual jacket. This feels like the fibers are directionally arranged.
Woolen yarn formation is also very common for knitwear, where the resultant garment has some bulk and the requirement for visual aesthetics (of fibre alignment) is minimal.
The worsted processing route is more complex and requires the removal of short fibres and the use of a focused mechanical process to make the individual fibres parallel to each other. The yarn formation process is significantly more comprehensive and results in a very sleek yarn which will offer a clean looking woven fabric, such as for suitings. The worsted process is more expensive and is seldom used for knitwear.

## Handspinning woolen yarn

Woolen yarn is handspun using the long draw technique, and the yarn is spun from a rolag. Most handspinners make a blend of a woolen and worsted yarn, using techniques from both categories, and thus ending up with a mix. The first step to spin a true woolen yarn, however, is to card the fiber into a rolag using handcarders.
The rolag is spun without much stretching of the fibers from the cylindrical configuration. This is done by allowing twist into a short section of the rolag, and then pulling back, without letting the rolag change position in your hands, until the yarn is the desired thickness. The twist will concentrate in the thinnest part of the roving, thus when the yarn is pulled, the thicker sections with less twist will tend to thin out. Once the yarn is the desired thickness, enough twist is added to make the yarn strong. Then the yarn is wound onto the bobbin, and the process starts again.