# Mayor of Moscow

The Mayor of Moscow (Russian: Мэр Москвы, romanized: Mer Moskvy) is the head and the highest-ranking official of Moscow, who leads the Government of Moscow, the main executive body of the city.
Moscow is both a city and separate federal subject, according to the Constitution of Russia. Most federal subjects are headed by governors, but the office of the head of Moscow is called Mayor of the City of Moscow, according to the Charter of the city of Moscow.
Sergei Sobyanin, the incumbent Mayor of Moscow, was re-elected for a new term in 2018 and then in 2023.

## Responsibilities

The separate office of the Premier of the Government of Moscow existed in 1991-2001 (Yury Luzhkov was the only officeholder), but it was merged with the office of Mayor of Moscow. 1999 Moscow mayoral election was the last time when the mayor ran together with the vice-mayor.
Mayor of Moscow heads Government of Moscow. The mayor's office administers all city services, public property, police and fire protection, most public agencies, and enforces all city and state laws within Moscow. The mayor's office is located in Moscow City Hall Building in Tverskaya Street and has jurisdiction over all districts of the City of Moscow. The mayor appoints deputy mayors, directors (heads of city departments) and other officials.
The Government of Moscow's budget is the largest regional budget in Russia.

## Elections

The position of Mayor of Moscow was elected between 1991 and 2004. In 2004, Vladimir Putin proposed a law to abolish the direct election of governors, the mayor of Moscow, and the presidents of Russian regions. The law was swiftly passed by the parliament. The new legislation changed the election system to an indirect one, in which parliamentary political parties and the President of Russia nominated a candidate who must then have been approved by the Moscow City Duma. Following the 2011–13 Russian protests that followed the 2011 parliamentary election, President Dmitry Medvedev offered to re-introduce the direct elections of the governors and the mayor of Moscow, and legislation to this effect was passed by the Parliament. In the 2013 mayoral election, for the first time in 10 years, the mayor was elected by popular vote.
A candidate to the office must be a citizen of the Russian Federation over the age of 30. Candidates can be nominated both by political parties and as self-nomination. In any case, candidates must pass the "municipal filter" (collection of signatures of municipal deputies).

### Latest election

Sergei Sobyanin was re-elected for a new term in 2023.

## Mayors of Moscow (1991–present)

| No. | Election | Mayor | Mayor | Took office | Left office | Party | Vice Mayor |
| 17 | 1991 | | Gavriil Popov | 12 June 1991 | 6 June 1992 | Democratic Russia | Yury Luzhkov |
| 18 | 1991 | | Yury Luzhkov | 6 June 1992 | 16 June 1996 | Independent | vacancy |
| 18 | 1996 | 16 June 1996 | Yury Luzhkov | 19 December 1999 | Valery Shantsev (1996–2005) | Independent |
| 18 | 1999 | | Yury Luzhkov | 19 December 1999 | Valery Shantsev (1996–2005) | 17 December 2003 | OVR → UR |
| 18 | 2003 | | Yury Luzhkov | 17 December 2003 | Valery Shantsev (1996–2005) | 6 July 2007 | United Russia |
| 18 | No Direct Election | 6 July 2007 | Yury Luzhkov | 28 September 2010 | position abolished | | United Russia |
| — | No Direct Election | | Vladimir Resin Acting | 28 September 2010 | 21 October 2010 | United Russia |
| 19 | No Direct Election | | Sergei Sobyanin | 21 October 2010 | 5 June 2013 | United Russia |
| — | No Direct Election | 5 June 2013 | Sergei Sobyanin | 12 September 2013 | | United Russia |
| (19) | 2013 | 12 September 2013 | Sergei Sobyanin | 18 September 2018 | | United Russia |
| (19) | 2018 | 18 September 2018 | Sergei Sobyanin | 18 September 2023 | | United Russia |
| (19) | 2023 | 18 September 2023 | Sergei Sobyanin | Incumbent | | United Russia |

## Previous heads of Moscow government
### Chairmen of the Executive Committee (1917–1991)

| No. | Name | Took office | Left office | Political party |
| 1 | Viktor Nogin | September 1917 | November 1917 | Communist Party |
| 2 | Mikhail Pokrovsky | November 1917 | March 1918 | Communist Party |
| 3 | Pyotr Smidovich | March 1918 | October 1918 | Communist Party |
| 4 | Lev Kamenev | October 1918 | 16 January 1926 | Communist Party |
| 5 | Konstantin Ukhanov | 16 January 1926 | 1931 | Communist Party |
| 6 | Nikolai Bulganin | 1931 | 22 July 1937 | Communist Party |
| 7 | Ivan Sidorov | 22 July 1937 | 3 November 1938 | Communist Party |
| 8 | Alexander Yefremov | 3 November 1938 | 14 April 1939 | Communist Party |
| 9 | Vasily Pronin | 14 April 1939 | 7 December 1944 | Communist Party |
| 10 | Georgy Popov | 7 December 1944 | 18 January 1950 | Communist Party |
| 11 | Mikhail Yasnov | 18 January 1950 | 2 February 1956 | Communist Party |
| 12 | Nikolai Bobrovnikov | 2 February 1956 | 1961 | Communist Party |
| 13 | Nikolai Dygai | 1961 | 1963 | Communist Party |
| 14 | Vladimir Promyslov | 1963 | 1986 | Communist Party |
| 15 | Valery Saikin | 3 January 1986 | 14 April 1990 | Communist Party |
| 16 | Yury Luzhkov | 26 April 1990 | 2 July 1991 | Communist Party |

## Latest election

Summary of the 10 September 2023 Moscow mayoral election results :
| Candidate | Candidate | Party | Party | Votes | % |
| | Sergey Sobyanin | United Russia | United Russia | 2,491,327 | 76.85 |
| | Leonid Zyuganov | Communist Party | Communist Party | 264,644 | 8.16 |
| | Boris Chernyshov | Liberal Democratic Party | Liberal Democratic Party | 183,132 | 5.65 |
| | Vladislav Davankov | New People | New People | 174,286 | 5.38 |
| | Dmitry Gusev | A Just Russia | A Just Russia | 128,306 | 3.96 |
| Total | Total | Total | Total | 3,241,695 | 100.00 |
| Valid votes | Valid votes | Valid votes | Valid votes | 3,241,695 | 99.40 |
| Invalid/blank votes | Invalid/blank votes | Invalid/blank votes | Invalid/blank votes | 19,718 | 0.60 |
| Registered voters/turnout | Registered voters/turnout | Registered voters/turnout | Registered voters/turnout | 7,604,055 | 42.89 |
| Official results published by the Moscow City Electoral Commission ||||||