OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Melecha

The Melecha (Russian: Мелеча) is a river in Sandovsky, Molokovsky, and Bezhetsky Districts of Tver Oblast in Russia. Together with the Mogocha, it forms the Osen, a major right tributary of the Mologa. It is 95 kilometres (59 mi) long, and the area of its basin is 1,310 square kilometres (510 sq mi). The principal tributary is the Belaya (left).
The source of the Melecha is located south of the selo of Staroye Sandovo in Sandovsky District. The river flows southwest, reaches Molokovsky District, and turns east forming the border between the districts. Further east, it departs south from the border, turns west, turns south, crosses into Bezhetsky District and joins the Mogocha to form the Osen southwest of the village of Pereuz.
The drainage basin of the Melecha includes the southeastern part of Sandovsky District, the western half of Molokovsky District, the north of Bezhetsky District, as well as minor areas in the south of Vesyegonsky District. The urban-type settlement of Molokovo lies in the drainage basin of the Melecha.
# Robin McKie

Robin McKie is a writer known for his journalism in The Observer, a publication for which he has served as science editor. As a result of his work, he has won awards from organizations such as the Medical Journalists’ Association, reviving a citation in early 2014 for a feature on zebrafish research. He additionally got named as "Science and Technology Journalist of the Year" during the U.K. Press Gazette Awards for 2013.
In addition he has written numerous books with a view to expanding popular interest in and understanding of biological science.

## Background and personal life

McKie resides in London, England.
He is an alumnus of Glasgow University, having studied mathematics and psychology at the institution.
# Mozaffari

Mozaffari (Persian: مظفری), also rendered as Muzaffari, may refer to:

## Places

* Mozaffari desert, Iranian desert also known as the Polond Desert located within the Mozaffari Protected Area
* Mozaffari Protected Area, protected area in Iran
* Mozaffari-ye Jonubi, Bushehr Province
* Mozaffari-ye Shomali, Bushehr Province
* Mozaffari, Kavar, Fars Province
* Mozaffari, Kharameh, Fars Province
* Muzaffari, Khorrambid, Fars Province
* Mozaffari, Qir and Karzin, Fars Province
* Mozaffari, Khuzestan
* Mozaffari, Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad

## People

* Abolghasem Mozaffari (born 1967), Iranian military person and engineer
* Jasmin Mozaffari, Canadian film director and screenwriter
* Nurieh Mozaffari (born 1960), Iranian–Canadian contemporary painter
* Rasoul Mozaffari (born 1994), Iranian professional basketball player
* Saeed Mozaffari (born 1941), Iranian dubbing director and voice actor
* Saeid Mozaffarizadeh (born 1974), Iranian football referee
* Shah Shoja Mozaffari (1333-1382), ruler of the Muzaffarid dynasty
* Sayed Abutalib Mozaffari (born 1966), Afghani poet and writer

## Other

* Iranian vessel Mozaffari, Iranian naval vessel
* Mozaffari (newspaper), Iranian newspaper
# Communauté d'agglomération Tarbes-Lourdes-Pyrénées

The Communauté d'agglomération Tarbes-Lourdes-Pyrénées is an intercommunal structure in the Hautes-Pyrénées department, in the Occitanie region of southern France. It was created in January 2017. Its seat is in Juillan. Its area is 614.8 km$^2$. Its population was 123,588 in 2017, of which 41,518 in Tarbes proper.

## Composition

The communauté d'agglomération consists of the following 86 communes:
* Adé
* Allier
* Les Angles
* Angos
* Arcizac-Adour
* Arcizac-ez-Angles
* Arrayou-Lahitte
* Arrodets-ez-Angles
* Artigues
* Aspin-en-Lavedan
* Aureilhan
* Aurensan
* Averan
* Azereix
* Barbazan-Debat
* Barlest
* Barry
* Bartrès
* Bazet
* Bénac
* Berbérust-Lias
* Bernac-Debat
* Bernac-Dessus
* Bordères-sur-l'Échez
* Bourréac
* Bours
* Cheust
* Chis
* Escoubès-Pouts
* Gardères
* Gayan
* Gazost
* Ger
* Germs-sur-l'Oussouet
* Geu
* Gez-ez-Angles
* Hibarette
* Horgues
* Ibos
* Jarret
* Juillan
* Julos
* Juncalas
* Lagarde
* Laloubère
* Lamarque-Pontacq
* Lanne
* Layrisse
* Lézignan
* Loubajac
* Loucrup
* Louey
* Lourdes
* Lugagnan
* Luquet
* Momères
* Montignac
* Odos
* Omex
* Orincles
* Orleix
* Ossen
* Ossun
* Ossun-ez-Angles
* Ourdis-Cotdoussan
* Ourdon
* Oursbelille
* Ousté
* Paréac
* Peyrouse
* Poueyferré
* Saint-Créac
* Saint-Martin
* Saint-Pé-de-Bigorre
* Salles-Adour
* Sarniguet
* Sarrouilles
* Ségus
* Séméac
* Sère-Lanso
* Séron
* Soues
* Tarbes
* Vielle-Adour
* Viger
* Visker
# Charles Maclaren

Charles Maclaren FRSE FGS (7 October 1782 – 10 September 1866) was a Scottish journalist and geologist. He co-founded The Scotsman newspaper, was its editor for 27 years, edited the 6th Edition of the Encyclopædia Britannica, and was the first to suggest that Hisarlik was the site of Troy.

## Life

He was born at Ormiston, East Lothian (east of Edinburgh), 7 October 1782, the son of John McLaren, a farmer, and his wife, Christian Muckle. Charles received his education at Fala and Colinton, but was also partly self-taught.
Around 1797 he moved to Edinburgh, where he served as clerk and book-keeper to several firms, he joined the Philomathic Debating Society, where he made the acquaintance of brothers John and William Ritchie.
Financed by John Ritchie, he established the Scotsman, 26 January 1817, with William Ritchie and John M'Diarmid, and was joint editor of the first few numbers. When he obtained a position as a clerk in the custom house, he yielded the editorial chair to John Ramsay M'Culloch. In 1820, Maclaren resumed the editorship and held it till 1846, when he resigned it to Alexander Russel. The paper rapidly became the leading political journal of Scotland; its tone was throughout decidedly Whiggish, and in church matters it advocated much freedom of opinion.
In 1822 Maclaren was the first person to successfully identify the correct position of the lost city of Troy, in his Dissertation on the Topography of the Plain of Troy.
In the 1830s Charles Maclaren of the Scotsman newspaper is listed as living at 58 George Square on the south side of the city. The property is a double level flat over 57 George Square.
He was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society of Edinburgh in 1837. His proposer was Sir Thomas Dick Lauder. In 1846 he was elected a Fellow of the Geological Society of London (FGS), and he was President of the Edinburgh Geological Society from 1864 to his death.
He retired in 1860 and died at home at Moreland Cottage on Grange Loan, Edinburgh, 10 September 1866.
He was interred very close to his home at the Grange Cemetery. His monument is a large Celtic cross facing the north path.

## Publications

* Dissertation on the Topography of the Plain of Troy
* The Geology of Fife and the Lothians
In 1820, Archibald Constable employed Maclaren to edit the sixth edition of the Encyclopædia Britannica, (1823) and to revise the historical and geographical articles. McLaren contributed the articles 'America,' 'Europe,' 'Greece,' 'Physical Geography,' and 'Troy'.
His Selected Works (1869) were edited by Robert Cox and James Nicol.

## Family

In 1842, late in life, he married Jane Veitch Somner (d.1871), a farmer's daughter, who was the widow of the jurist David Hume. They had no children.
# James Paterson (journalist)

James Paterson (18 May 1805 – 6 May 1876) was a Scottish journalist on numerous newspapers, writer and antiquary. His works are popular history, rather than scholarly.

## Life

He was the son of James Paterson, farmer at Struthers, Ayrshire, where he was born on 18 May 1805; his father then had money troubles and gave up his farm. Paterson received an education, and then was apprenticed to a printer at the office of the Kilmarnock Mirror. Subsequently he was transferred to the Courier office in Ayr.
On completing his apprenticeship, Paterson went to Glasgow, where he joined the Scots Times. In 1826 he returned to Kilmarnock, took a shop as stationer and printer, and in partnership with other gentlemen started the Kilmarnock Chronicle. Its first number appeared on 4 May 1831, during the agitation for the Great Reform Bill, and the paper closed in May 1832.
In 1835 Paterson left Kilmarnock for Dublin, where for some time he acted as correspondent of the Glasgow Liberator. He went to Edinburgh, and ultimately found employment at a small salary in writing the letterpress for John Kay's Edinburgh Portraits, 1837–9, most of the biographies being his work. Failing to find further employment in Edinburgh, he accepted in 1839 the editorship of the Ayr Observer; but his prospects there were not good, and he returned to Edinburgh, where he supported himself by writing.
About 1871 Paterson was attacked by paralysis, and he died on 6 May 1876.

## Works

Aged 12, Paterson began to contribute to George Thomson's miscellany. In 1840 he published Contemporaries of Burns and the more recent Poets of Ayrshire, and in 1847 a History of the County of Ayr. In 1871 he published Autobiographical Reminiscences. The Ballads and Songs of Ayrshire, which he edited, appeared in 1847.
Paterson's other publications were:
* The Obit of the Church of St. John the Baptist at Ayr, with a translation and historical sketch, 1848.
* The Poems of the Sempills of Beltrees, with notes, 1849.
* The Poems of William Hamilton of Bangour, with a life of the poet William Hamilton, 1850.
* Memoir of James Fillans, Sculptor, 1854.
* Origin of the Scots and of the Scottish Language, 1855; 2nd ed. 1858.
* History of the Regality of Musselburgh, 1857.
* Wallace and his Times, 1858, and subsequent editions.
* The Life and Poems of William Dunbar, 1860.
* Notes to Archibald Crawfurd's The Huntly Casket and other Tales and Lyrics; with Reminiscences of the Author, 1861.
* James the Fifth, or the Gudeman of Ballengich, his Poetry and Adventures, 1861.
* The History of the Counties of Ayr and Wigton, 1863.
* A Contribution to Historical Genealogy: The Breadalbane Succession Case—how it arose and how it stands, 1863.
Paterson also played some part in the production of Peter Handyside M'Kerlie's History of the Lands and their Owners in Galloway (1870). He had a dispute with the author.
# Bridge of Orchy

Bridge of Orchy (Scottish Gaelic: Drochaid Urchaidh) is a village in Glen Orchy in Argyll and Bute, Scotland. It is named after the crossing over the River Orchy, which was constructed by British Army during the pacification of the Highland Clans following the Battle of Culloden in 1746. Military roads were built between the Scottish Lowlands and Highlands of northern Scotland to facilitate the speedy movement of Crown forces.
The village, which is dated to 1751, is on the A82 road. The nearby Bridge of Orchy railway station opened on the West Highland Line in 1894.
The 96 mi (154 km) West Highland Way long-distance trail runs through the village. Nearby prominent peaks include the munros Beinn Dorain and Beinn an Dòthaidh. The River Orchy is one of the finest white-water rivers in the United Kingdom.
# Vladimir Shcherbak (footballer, born 1959)

Vladimir Nikolayevich Shcherbak (Russian: Владимир Николаевич Щербак; born 2 September 1959) is a former Russian professional footballer.

## Club career

He made his professional debut in the Soviet Second League in 1977 for FC Shakhtar Horlivka.

## Honours

* Soviet Top League bronze: 1982.
# Adhirasam

Athrasa in Kannada (Kannada: ಅತ್ರಾಸ), or Adhirasam (Tamil: அதிரசம்), kajjaya ariselu in Telugu, anarasa in Marathi, Airsa in Chhattisgarhi or Arisa pitha in Odia) is a type of Indian sweet made out of rice, jaggery, ghee and sometimes coconut and with spices like cardamom, sesame, pepper and ginger powder from Tamil cuisine, Karnataka cuisine, Telugu cuisine, Marathi cuisine and Odia cuisine. The doughnut-like fried dough has a long history of popularity in Kannada, Telugu, Maharashtra, Chhattisgarh, Odisha, and Tamil civilization. They are similar in shape to vada, but are not savoury and are eaten as a sweet.
Athrasa is a popular as an offering to the relatives during Deepavali and Ganesha Chaturthi festivals, both at home and in temples in Tamil Nadu and Karnataka.

## Historical and cultural significance

According to inscriptions from the 16th century during the reign of Vijayanagara emperor Krishnadevaraya, the sweet was made from rice flour, jaggery, butter and pepper and it was invented by palace cook Jadigenahalli Krishnappa. At the annual festival at the Panchavarnesvar Temple in Thirunallur (located near Kumbakonam, Tamil Nadu), an offering of 6000 Adhirasams along with 6000 vadas is made to the Gods; the entire lot is cooked in the temple kitchen between sunrise and 11 pm, for the prayers that take place at midnight. It is a popular Deepavali sweet preparation for Tamil people.

## Preparation

The authentic preparation takes about a week. First the rice is soaked in water and dried in shade and ground into a fine powder when the rice is 3/4th dried and retains some moisture. For adding sweet "vellam" (jaggery in Tamil) is melted in water by boiling it till it reaches 'soft ball' consistency (235–240 °F (113–116 °C), if using a candy thermometer) and added to the rice flour along with some powdered cardamom to make a thick dough. It is then transferred to an earthenware pot and the top of the pot is closed with a thin white cloth. It is then allowed to ferment for about 3–5 days by placing it in the sunlight during the day time. Finally when the batter is ready for preparation, small balls of the dough is taken and flattened using fingers in a small piece of oil brushed banana leaf and deep fried in oil until golden brown. Then it is pressed with a flat bottomed bowl to remove the excess oil.
* Adhirasam
* Adhirasam
* Athirasam of Salem
# Plateliai Lake

Lake Plateliai (Samogitian dialect: Plateliu ežers) is the biggest lake in Samogitia and 9th biggest in Lithuania. It is the central attraction in the Žemaitija National Park. It covers about 12 square kilometres (4.6 sq mi) and reaches up to 49 metres (161 ft) in depth. It has seven islands, one of them housed a castle and now is called Castle Island. Archeologists found remains of two castles and think it might be the Queen Bona castle. The lake has both diving and yacht clubs. Plateliai town is located on the west bank of the lake.

## Events and attractions

Lake Plateliai is famous for several events. It has hosted rock music festival Roko naktys (English: Nights of Rock) since 2002. However, it seems the festival will have to relocate as the little town cannot accommodate more than 4,000 people attending the event. For 25 years swimmers have competed in a marathon in the lake. In 2006, a record number of people participated: 21 people swam a distance of 3.5 km and 154 of 1.8 km.
The Cold War Museum was established in the Plokštinė missile base, located in the forest not far from the lake.

## Archaeology

The lake is one of the most interesting for underwater archeology. Scientist think that the water level was much lower years ago and some islands are now underwater. For example, in 2002 divers found a big stone with human-made markings, that resemble the letter L. The stone was surrounded by smaller stones and a hypothesis was raised that it was a sacred place for the pagans. In 2002, on the bottom of the lake archeologists found three boats, about 5.5 meters in length, dated to the times of Vytautas the Great.

## Islands

The lake has seven islands.
Calves' Island (Lithuanian: Veršių sala) is third largest island and is located in the northern part of the lake. It is said that a local farmer started taking his calves to graze on the island, thus giving the island its name. Corydalis cava which is an endangered species in Lithuania grows on the island.
Ubagsalė is fifth largest island. It is located in the northern part of the lake close to the shoreline. The name is associated with the stories about beggars (Lithuanian: ubagai) who liked to party on the island when returning from the Great Žemaičių Kalvarija Festival.
# Eric Parkin

Eric Parkin (24 March 1924 – 3 February 2020) was an English pianist.
Parkin was born in Stevenage and attended Alleyne's Grammar School there. He studied at Trinity College of Music with the Anglo-French pianist Frank Laffitte and with George Oldroyd. He also studied conducting with Charles Kennedy Scott and composition with Henry Geehl. He began working in the 1940s as a cocktail pianist at The May Fair Hotel, making his classical debut at the Wigmore Hall in 1948 with a recital of Beethoven and Chopin.
Parkin quickly became a frequent broadcaster on BBC Radio. Having met the composer John Ireland he made his Proms debut playing the Ireland Piano Concerto in 1953, with Malcolm Sargent and the BBC Symphony Orchestra. Although his musical interests spanned the Classical and Romantic periods, he became best known for his recorded performances and recitals of 20th-century British music, including works by William Baines, Arnold Bax, William Blezard, Frank Bridge, Alan Bush, Geoffrey Bush, Peter Dickinson, David Gow, Kenneth Leighton, Billy Mayerl, E J Moeran and Richard Stoker. Later in life he increasingly recorded French and American repertoire, including Poulenc, Roussel, Barber and Copland. He recorded more than 80 albums over his career from the early 1950s onwards, for Argo, Lyrita, Chandos, Priory and Unicorn.
Parkin was a professor at Trinity College from 1945 to 1958 and from 1964 to 1967. He then taught piano at Bulmershe College in Reading, Berkshire (later merged with Reading University). He lived with his partner Rees Morgans for 57 years at Greengates Cottage in Watlington, Oxon. Parkin died on 3 February 2020, aged 95.
# Arben

Arben is an Albanian masculine given name that refers to the first Albanian entity during the Middle Ages: Principality of Arbanon (Albanian: Principata e Arbënit).
* Arben Ahmetaj (born 1969), Albanian politician
* Arben Arbëri (born 1964), Albanian football player
* Arben Bajraktaraj (born 1973), French actor
* Arben Biba (born 1976), Kosovar Albanian actor
* Arben Imami (born 1958), Albanian politician
* Arben Kasolli (born 1967), Albanian football manager and former player
* Arben Malaj (born 1961), Albanian politician
* Arben Minga (1959–2007), Albanian footballer
* Arben Muskaj (born 1994), Albanian football player
* Arben Ramadani (1981–2000), Kosovar Albanian militant
* Arben Ristani (born 1969), head of the Central Election Commission of Albania
* Arben Shehu (born 1980), Albanian football striker
* Arben Vitia (born 1973), Kosovar Albanian medical doctor and politician
* Arben Xhaferi (1948–2012), Albanian politician who worked in the Republic of Macedonia
* Arben Zharku (born 1982), Kosovar actor and producer
# Al-Arwyn

Al-Arwyn (Arabic: العروين) is a sub-district located in As Sawma'ah District, Al Bayda Governorate, Yemen. Al-Arwyn had a population of 4218 according to the 2004 census.
# Darzab

Darzab (Persian: درزاب) may refer to:
* Darzab, Faryab, Afghanistan
* Darzab, Jowzjan, Afghanistan
* Darzab District, Afghanistan
* Darzab, Iran, in Razavi Khorasan Province
* Darzab, alternate name of Deraz Ab, in Razavi Khorasan Province
* Darzab Rural District, in Razavi Khorasan Province
# Capralba

Capralba (Cremish: Cavralba) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Cremona in the Italian region Lombardy, located about 40 kilometres (25 mi) east of Milan and about 45 kilometres (28 mi) northwest of Cremona.
Capralba borders the following municipalities: Campagnola Cremasca, Caravaggio, Casaletto Vaprio, Misano di Gera d'Adda, Pieranica, Quintano, Sergnano, Torlino Vimercati, Vailate.

## Transportation

Capralba has a railway station on the Treviglio–Cremona line.
# Rampokan

Rampokan was a traditional Javan big cat fight. Panthers or tigers were released from wooden boxes and surrounded by warriors with lances trying to prevent them from breaking out of the circle. The rampokan would take place towards the end of Ramadan. It symbolized purification and the overcoming of evil. If the tigers and panthers succeeded in breaking through the circle, it was seen as an omen of disaster as famine. The ritual died out in the early 20th century. A battle between a tiger and buffalo was the first part of the event in its earlier incarnations, but in later years this was omitted.
# Nazmul Haque Bappy

Md Nazmul Haque Bappy (Bengali: নাজমুল হক বাপ্পী) is a Bangladeshi director, and painter. He has received several awards, including Berger Paints Award UNAIDS Grand Award, China Bangladesh Friendship Award, Grand Award in International Korean Art Festival, and Award in Art Are-China Exhibition.

## Early life

Bappy was born on 27 December in Dhaka, Bangladesh. He completed his BFA and MFA from the Department of Oriental Art, Faculty of Fine Art, University of Dhaka. Bappy had obtained a higher degree in Chinese painting with a fully funded scholarship from the Chinese government.

## Career

Bappy began his career as a director in Osomapto television drama in 2014. He is also a professional painter. He is performing as a lecturer in the Faculty of fine arts at University of Development Alternative.

## Notable TV dramas and telefilms

* Osomapto
* Akash Meghe Dhaka
* Bokarai Preme Pore
* Bhalobashi Ajo
* Tomay Niye
* Opekkha
* Kotha Chilo
* Ami Ovinoy Korini
* Ami Tomar Akash Hobo
* Chai Ronger Golpo

## Solo painting exhibitions

* 2011 : Expression of freedom, Alliance Françoise de Dhaka
* 2011 : Expression of freedom - 2, Zainul Gallery, Faculty of Fine Arts, University of Dhaka
* 2012 : Absorb Nature, Alliance Française de Dhaka
* 2013 : The Oriental Life, Gallery Chitrak, Dhaka
* 2013: Playing with Colors, Athena Gallery, University of Dhaka
* 2014 : Nature & Beauty, Shijiazhuang, China
* 2014 : Natural Rhythm, Hubei Normal University Museum, China
* 2015: Nature, Shijiazhuang, China
* 2017 : An Eternal Journey, Alliance Françoise de Dhaka
# Parascombrops serratospinosus

Parascombrops serratospinosus, the roughspine seabass is a species of ray-finned fish in the family Synagropidae. It is found in the Western Pacific commonly from Taiwan and the Philippines to northwestern Australia and Vanuatu but it is rare in the waters off Japan
# Emmanuel Gyamfi

Emmanuel Gyamfi (born 16 December 1994) is a Ghanaian footballer who plays as a winger for Asante Kotoko and Ghana.

## Club career

Gyamfi started his career Wa All Stars. In 2014, Gyamfi signed for Armenian club Shirak, making 9 appearances in the Armenian Premier League, scoring once. Ahead of the 2016 Ghanaian Premier League, Gyamfi returned to his native Ghana, signing for Asante Kotoko, making 12 appearances in his first season back in the division.

## International career

On 25 May 2017, Gyamfi made his debut for Ghana in a 1–1 draw against Benin.