OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# The Lost Boys of Bird Island

The Lost Boys of Bird Island (2018) is a non-fiction book by Mark Minnie, a former police detective and Chris Steyn, an investigative journalist, both from South Africa. The book is about alleged corruption within the last Apartheid government of South Africa and a paedophile network whose most notable members were alleged to be the apartheid-era defence minister Magnus Malan and the minister of environmental affairs John Wiley. The book is named after Bird Island, in Algoa Bay just off the coast of South Africa, where the ring operated. Billed as an exposé of former National Party cabinet ministers taking coloured boys for illicit rendezvous to Bird Island off Port Elizabeth in the 1980s, the controversial “Lost Boys of Bird Island” book has now been withdrawn by its publishers. Unsold copies have been removed from bookstores.

## Background and synopsis

The book investigates a paedophile network that allegedly included prominent members of the South African government and business community who took coloured children to Bird Island where they were abused, and some possibly murdered. It details the level of their involvement in the paedophile ring, abuse of the children, alleged acts of murder to cover up the crimes, as well as corruption and abuse of state resources by the network's members.

## Reception

The book and its revelations were widely covered in the South African media upon its release in August 2018. Shortly after the book was published, co-author Mark Minnie was found dead in his home outside Port Elizabeth from an apparent suicide. In March 2020, the book was retracted from the market by its publishers, Tafelberg, a subsidiary of NB Publishers, and an apology was issued to the implicated living former minister Barend du Plessis. The apology was not extended to any other individuals mentioned in the book.
# Onhan language

Onhan is a regional Western Bisayan language spoken, along with the Romblomanon and Asi languages, in the province of Romblon, Philippines. The language is also known as Inunhan and Loocnon.
Specifically, Onhan is spoken on the following islands within Romblon:
* Tablas: the municipalities of San Andres, Santa Maria, Alcantara, Ferrol, Looc, and Santa Fe and some upland sitios in Odiongan,.
* Carabao: the sole municipality of San Jose.
As a variant of the Kinaray-a language, some speakers are found on the island of Boracay in Aklan province as well as parts of the island of Panay, specifically in the following municipalities: Malay, Nabas and Buruanga. In the provinces of Oriental and Occidental Mindoro, migrant Onhan speakers from Tablas Island brought the language to the following municipalities: San Jose, Magsaysay, Bulalacao, Mansalay, Roxas, and some parts of Bongabong. As such, it is very much related to Kinaray-a and Kuyonon.

## Grammar
### Pronouns

| | Absolutive$_1$ (emphatic) | Absolutive$_2$ (non-emphatic) | Ergative | Oblique |
| 1st person singular | ako | takon | nakon, ko | akon |
| 2nd person singular | ikaw, kaw | timo | nimo, mo | imo |
| 3rd person singular | imaw | – | nana | ana |
| 1st person plural inclusive | kita | taton | naton, ta | aton |
| 1st person plural exclusive | kami | tamon | namon | amon |
| 2nd person plural | kamo | tinyo | ninyo | inyo |
| 3rd person plural | sanda | – | nanda | anda |

### Numbers

| Number | Onhan |
| 1 | Isyá |
| 2 | Darwá |
| 3 | Tatló |
| 4 | Ap-at |
| 5 | Limá |
| 6 | An-um |
| 7 | Pitó |
| 8 | Waló |
| 9 | Siyám |
| 10 | Púlô |
| 100 | Isya-kagatús |
| 1000 | Isya-kalibó |
| First | Una |
| Second | Pangalwa |
| Third | Pangatlo |
| Fourth | Pang-ap-at |
| Fifth | Pang-limá |
| Sixth | Pang-an-um |
| Seventh | Pang-pitó |
| Eighth | Pang-waló |
| Ninth | Pang-siyám |
| Tenth | Pang-púlô |

## Literature

The New Testament was translated into Bisaya-Inunhan by Eldon Leano Talamisan and published in 1999.
The Harrow (Ang Singkaw), an official publication of Romblon State University, publishes Inunhan poems, stories and other genres of literature.
# Yevseyevo

Yevseyevo (Russian: Евсеево) is the name of several rural localities in Russia:
* Yevseyevo, Moscow, a village in Desenovskoye Settlement of the federal city of Moscow
* Yevseyevo, Moscow Oblast, a village in Ulitinskoye Rural Settlement of Pavlovo-Posadsky District in Moscow Oblast; 55°45′N 38°42′E﻿ / ﻿55.750°N 38.700°E﻿ / 55.750; 38.700
* Yevseyevo, Pskov Oblast, a village in Pskovsky District of Pskov Oblast
* Yevseyevo, Yaroslavl Oblast, a village in Veskovsky Rural Okrug of Pereslavsky District in Yaroslavl Oblast
# Carol Monaghan

Carol Monaghan (born 2 August 1972) is a Scottish National Party (SNP) politician who served as Member of Parliament (MP) for Glasgow North West from 2015 until the seat's abolition in 2024. She was the SNP Science, Innovation, Technology and Education spokesperson in the House of Commons.

## Education

Monaghan studied at Strathclyde University, graduating with a BSc (Hons) in Laser Physics and Optoelectronics in 1993.

## Career

Monaghan had formerly been a physics teacher at Glasgow west end independent school The Glasgow Academy, and head of science at Hyndland Secondary School but left the post to concentrate on campaigning before the 2015 general election.
Following the 2017 general election, Monaghan was appointed the SNP's Westminster Spokesperson for Education, Armed Forces and Veterans. Monaghan has campaigned for an armed forces representative body on a statutory footing.
Monaghan has campaigned on the issue of research, treatment and attitudes towards myalgic encephalomyelitis (ME), leading two Westminster Hall debates in 2018, and a full debate in the House of Commons in 2019.
In the 2024 general election she stood in the new seat of Glasgow West and was unseated by Labours Patricia Ferguson.

## Personal life

Monaghan is married to Glasgow City SNP councillor and physics teacher Feargal Dalton, and they have two daughters and a son from a previous partner. She is a practising Roman Catholic.
# Sonny Myers

Harold "Sonny" Myers (January 22, 1924 – May 7, 2007) was an American professional wrestler, involved in the business for sixty years.

## Professional wrestling career

Myers held prominent heavyweight championships in several territories, most notably the Central States territory, where he was the NWA Central States Heavyweight Champion fourteen times. He also held various tag team championships, as well as a brief reign as NWA World Heavyweight Champion having defeated Orville Brown in November 1947. His championship was largely forgotten when the National Wrestling Alliance was formed a year later, recognizing Brown as champion.
After wrestling Myers acted as sheriff in Buchanan County, Missouri and promoted a Sonny Myers Carnival for 22 years.
Sonny Myers died after a long illness on May 7, 2007.

## Championships and accomplishments

* Central States Wrestling
** NWA Central States Heavyweight Championship (14 times)
** NWA Central States Tag Team Championship (1 time) – with Bobby Graham
** NWA North American Tag Team Championship (Central States version) (4 times) – with Pat O'Connor (2) and Ron Etchison (2)
** NWA United States Heavyweight Championship (Central States version) (2 times)
** NWA World Tag Team Championship (Central States version) (2 times) – with Thor Hagen (1) and Pat O'Connor (1)
* Gulf Coast Championship Wrestling
** NWA Southern Junior Heavyweight Championship (1 time)
* Southwest Sports, Inc.
** NWA Texas Heavyweight Championship (5 times) $^1$
* St. Louis Wrestling Club
** NWA Missouri Heavyweight Championship (1 time)
* Western States Sports
** NWA North American Heavyweight Championship (Amarillo version) (2 times)
** NWA Southwest Heavyweight Championship (1 time)
** NWA Southwest Tag Team Championship (3 times) – with Dizzy Davis (1), Leo Garibaldi (1), and Larry Chene (1)
** NWA World Tag Team Championship (Amarillo version) (4 times) - with Dizzy Davis (2), Gory Guerrero (1) and Leo Garibaldi (1)
* ↑ Myers' first reign with the title occurred prior to the formation of the National Wrestling Alliance and prior to the NWA assuming control over the championship.
# Mozhaysky (rural locality)

Mozhaysky (Russian: Можайский; masculine), Mozhayskaya (Можайская; feminine), or Mozhayskoye (Можайское; neuter) is the name of several rural localities in Russia:
* Mozhayskoye, Belgorod Oblast, a selo in Novooskolsky District of Belgorod Oblast
* Mozhayskoye, Vologda Oblast, a settlement in Spassky Selsoviet of Vologodsky District of Vologda Oblast
* Mozhayskoye, Voronezh Oblast, a selo in Mozhayskoye Rural Settlement of Kashirsky District of Voronezh Oblast
# Sherman volcano

The Sherman volcano is a possible prehistoric volcano in the municipality of Temagami in Northeastern Ontario, Canada. Geological evidence indicates that it was located west of the abandoned Sherman Mine and lies in the Archean Temagami Greenstone Belt.

## Evidence

A number of volcanic features have been found that suggests the volcano was located west of Sherman Mine. At least two outcrops of felsic lava flows exist between Turtle Lake and Link Lake, the largest of which indicates that its volcanic vent existed at the western end of Link Lake. The existence of facies changes and remnants of lava movement exposed in the wedge of the Turtle Lake Formation are likely further indications that the volcano was located west of Link Lake. Also, jagged felsic tuffs exist in feldspar-phyric pyroclastic deposits exposed in the Sherman Mine area.
# Meshkabad

Meshkabad (Persian: مشك اباد) may refer to:
* Meshkabad-e Qadim, East Azerbaijan Province
* Meshkabad-e Bala, Mazandaran Province
* Meshkabad-e Pain, Mazandaran Province
# Sar Margh

Sar Margh (Persian: سرمرغ) may refer to:
* Sar Margh-e Olya
* Sar Margh-e Sofla
# Mulla Alaul Maulk Tuni

Mulla Alaul Maulk Tuni (Persian: ملا علاءالملک تونی) was an Iranian architect. He was born in Ferdows (named "Toon" historically) in the 17th century.
He cooperated with Ali Mardan Khan in the construction of the Shalimar Gardens in Lahore in 1641 C.E.
He also designed and built the Fazelieh school in Mashhad from approximately 1650 to 1665.
# Center for Strategic Studies

Center for Strategic Studies (Persian: مرکز بررسی‌های استراتژیک) is an Iranian think tank on strategy issues. It is the research arm of the Iranian President's office.

## History

CSS was established in 1997 as a counterpart of Center for Strategic Research.

## Heads

* Mohammad Reza Tajik
* Alireza Zaker Esfahani
* Parviz Davoodi
* Hesamodin Ashna
* Ali Rabii
* Mohammad Sadegh Khayatian
* Mostafa Zamanian
* Mohammad Javad Zarif

## Challenges

The center was led by Hesamoddin Ashna in Rouhani's Government, but Ashna resigned after an internal interview with Iran's Foreign Minister Javad Zarif was leaked.
# Leander (crustacean)

Leander is a genus of shrimp belonging to the family Palaemonidae.
The genus has almost cosmopolitan distribution.
Species:
* Leander distans Heller, 1862
* Leander hammondii Kingsley, 1883
* Leander indicus Heller, 1862
* Leander kempi Holthuis, 1950
* Leander manningi Bruce, 2002
* Leander paulensis Ortmann, 1897
* Leander plumosus Bruce, 1994
* Leander tenuicornis Say, 1818
# Kenneth Erichsen

Kenneth Erichsen (born 28 December 1972) is a Guatemalan badminton player. He competed in the men's singles tournament at the 1996 Summer Olympics.
# Mommy's Little Girl

Mommy's Little Girl: Casey Anthony and her Daughter Caylee's Tragic Fate is a 2009 biographical true crime book by novelist Diane Fanning about 2-year-old Caylee Anthony’s disappearance from her Florida home in July 2008. This was the first book released about the case.
Casey Anthony, Caylee's mother, who was indicted for first-degree murder in the death, faced a capital murder charge in her trial. On the eve of jury selection, author Fanning appeared as a commentator on TruTV's "InSession." After the jury acquitted Anthony, Fanning told My San Antonio that she was "stunned" by the "not guilty" verdict.

## Reviews

The Orlando Sentinel, in its 2009 book review, wrote that Fanning "tirelessly recounts the young woman's lying ways, theorizes how Anthony might have disposed of her daughter and concludes that Anthony is 'an individual whose self-absorption and insensitivity to others is a destructive force.'"
The producers of CBS's 48 Hours wrote in their review, "This timely account weaves together the details surrounding this highly publicized case. And WKMG-Channel 6 in Orlando gave it a thumbs up, saying the book "condenses those thousands and thousands of court documents into an easy-to-read story."
# Dian, Armenia

40°21′10″N 44°04′34″E﻿ / ﻿40.35278°N 44.07611°E﻿ / 40.35278; 44.07611
Dian (Armenian: Դիան) is a village in the Talin Municipality of the Aragatsotn Province of Armenia.
# Manggala

Manggala (Chinese: 忙哥剌; Mongolian: Мангала, ᠮᠠᠩᠭᠠᠯᠠ) was a prince of the Mongol-led Chinese Yuan dynasty. He was a son of the Yuan founding emperor Kublai Khan.

## Biography

Manggala was born around 1242 to Kublai Khan and his principal wife Chabi as their second son. He was created Prince of Anxi (安西王) by his father in 1272 and was given an estate in Shanxi. Next year, he was given the additional title of Prince of Qin (秦王). His lands consisted of vast lands containing former Tangut Kingdom, Sichuan and a part of Tibet. Reportedly, he had two courts - a winter court in Jingzhao and a summer residence in Mount Liupan. He was probably overseeing the actions of other princes - Godan (son of Ögedei), Wang Shixian (an Öngüt prince), Jiqu Küregen, Chübei (son of Alghu). His advisors included Shang Ting, Li Dehui (1218–1280) and Zhao Bing (1222-1280). His palaces were described by Marco Polo as massive.
Manggala was a Buddhist, but he also protected the Taoist Quanzhen School, confirmed tax exemption on clergy. He joined the fight against Shiregi with Bayan and other rebels in 1277. Soon in 1280, he died. The cause of his death is not known but a Ming-era historian Zheng Sixiao claimed he was murdered by Kublai.

## Family

He was married to Qutui or Putri, granddaughter or niece of Alchi Noyan and had two or three sons and daughter:
* Ananda (b. 1273, d. 1307) — Prince of Anxi (1278-1307), Prince of Qin (1278-1287)
* Altan Buqa (d. 1323) — Prince of Qin (1287-1289)
* Arslan Buqa — only attested in Jami al-Tawarikh
* Princess Nugulan - married her first cousin Suolanha and gave birth to Shouton (mother of Kusala)
# Kamachal

Kamachal or Kama Chal or Koma Chal (Persian: كماچال) may refer to:
* Kamachal-e Bala Mahalleh
* Kamachal-e Pain Mahalleh
# Beloretsk Iron and Steel Works

Beloretsk steelmaking plant (Russian: Белорецкий металлургический комбинат, Beloretskiy Metallurgicheskiy Kombinat; Bashkir: Белорет металлургия комбинаты,), abbreviated as BMK, is the steel company in Russia. It is located in the city of Beloretsk, in Bashkortostan.

## History

In the past, the main area for Russian iron production was the Tula region. However, during the early 18th century, there was a shift towards developing the industrial capabilities of the Urals, resulting in more than doubling Russia's iron production.
* Beloretsk Iron and Steel Works
* Beloretsk Iron and Steel Works
* Beloretsk Iron and Steel Works
# Vaatpokki Ratnagirswarar Temple

Vaatpokki Ratnagiriswarar temple is a Hindu temple located at Karur district of Tamil Nadu, India. The presiding deity is Shiva. He is called as Ratnagiriswarar. His consort is Surumbar Kuzhali.

## Significance

It is one of the shrines of the 275 Paadal Petra Sthalams. Thirunavukkarasar have sung hymns in praise of the temple by Sundarar and Appar.
# Afzal al-Din Kermani

Afzal al-Din Kermani (Persian: افضل الدین کرمانی) was a Persian historian, author, poet, philosopher, and physician in the early 12th and early 13th centuries. He wrote the books Aghd Al ala Lel Moghefe Al ahla and Badayeh o Zaman Fi Vaghayeh Kerman about the geography and history of Kerman.

## Sources

* Pārīzī, M. E. Bāstānī (1984). "Afżal-al-dīn Kermānī". Encyclopaedia Iranica, Vol. I, Fasc. 6. D. M. Dunlop. p. 599.
* This biographical article about an Iranian historian is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
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* This biography of an Iranian philosopher is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
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# International University Audentes

International University Audentes (IUA; Estonian: Rahvusvaheline Ülikool Audentes) was Estonia's largest private university, situated in the country's capital city Tallinn.
As of 1 July 2008, it has merged with Tallinn University of Technology (TUT) and will constitute TUT's Faculty of Economics and Business Administration. The full structural merger was completed by June 2009.

## History

The number of students in the 2006/2007 academic year was 2300. The programs are offered in three languages - English, Estonian and Russian. Students came from 22 countries and the faculty from 12 countries. The university was built on three academic schools: a business school, a law school, and a school of social sciences and humanities.
All programs on bachelor, master and doctoral levels are compiled considering the international perspective and requirements.
Since the 1999/2000 academic year the university has had the Erasmus University Charter which enables it to sign Socrates/Erasmus bilateral agreements to exchange students and faculty, and to cooperate with European universities for joint cooperation projects. By the 2007/08 academic year IUA had bilateral agreements with 44 universities in Europe.
In 2003 Audentes University and Concordia International University Estonia merged. Since then studies in Estonian and Russian have been promoted under the name Audentes University and studies in English under the name International University Concordia Audentes. The University Government decided in spring 2006 to use one name for the whole university — International University Audentes (from September 2006).
The university was an institution of Audentes Ltd. Besides the university there are Audentes School, Audentes Sports School, Audentes Sports Club.
# Murder by Family

Murder by Family a non-fiction true crime book written by Kent Whitaker. The book was released on September 23, 2008, by Howard Books.

## Synopsis

Murder by Family chronicles Thomas Bartlett Whitaker's attempts to have a hitman murder his parents and brother. His mother Tricia and brother Kevin died in the shootings on 10 December 2003, but his father Kent, though shot, survived.
The book follows Kent Whitaker's spiritual journey of healing and forgiveness for his son. Kent tells of also forgiving his son's two accomplices: Chris Brashear, the hitman and Steve Champagne, his getaway driver.

## Aftermath

Kent now has a Christian ministry with his wife Tanya Youngling and speaks to organizations about forgiveness and healing.
Thomas Bartlett Whitaker was refused a plea bargain by the District Attorney in return for his admission of guilt and was sentenced to death in 2007. Kent pleaded in vain with the jury to spare Bart's life. In February 2018, his death sentence was overturned one hour before his scheduled execution and he is serving life in prison without the possibility of parole.
# Krang Ponley River

Krang Ponley River (Stoeng Krang Ponley, Stung Krang Ponley; Khmer: ស្ទឹងក្រាំងពន្លៃ) is a river of Cambodia. A tributary of the Tonle Sap, it flows for 89.37 kilometres (55.53 mi).
# Nikolai Pasko

Nikolai Fyodorovich Pasko (Russian: Николай Фёдорович Пасько; 12 December 1918 - 16 July 1982) was a pilot officer and flying ace of the Soviet Air Force, and a colonel of the Soviet Army. He served during the Second World War and Korean Wars, and was awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union in 1945.

## Biography

Nikolai Pasko was born on 12 December 1918 in the village of Skrypai [uk] (now in Kharkiv Oblast, Ukraine). After graduating from seven classes of school, he worked as a mechanic at a factory. He studied at the flying club, graduated from the school of instructor pilots. In December 1939, Pasko was called up for service in the Red Army. In 1940, he graduated from the Kachin Military Aviation Pilot School. Member of the CPSU (b) party since 1942. Since October 1942 he participated in the battles of the Great Patriotic War.
In March 1945, Senior Lieutenant Nikolai Pasko commanded a squadron of the 28th Guards Fighter Aviation Regiment of the 5th Guards Fighter Aviation Division [ru] of the 11th Fighter Air Corps [ru] of the 3rd Air Army of the 3rd Belorussian Front. By that time, he had made 265 sorties, took part in 32 air battles, shot down 15 enemy aircraft, and inflicted heavy losses on the enemy during air raids.
By decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union of 18 August 1945, for "the courage and heroism shown, downing 15 enemy planes" Guard Lieutenant Nikolai Pasko was awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union with the Order of Lenin and the Gold Star medal number 8892.
After the end of the war, Pasko continued to serve in the Soviet Army. Participated in the battles of the Korean War as commander of the 67th Fighter Aviation Regiment (piloting the MIG-15 aircraft). He did not win in air battles. In December 1950, Pasko's regiment was transferred to mainland China, where Pasko trained North Korean and Chinese pilots to fly the MIG-15. In 1953 he graduated from the Higher tactical flight courses. In 1956, with the rank of colonel, Pasko was transferred to the reserve. He lived and worked first in his native village, where he was elected chairman of the collective farm, then in Kharkiv. He died on 16 July 1982, was buried at the Kharkov city cemetery No. 4.
He was awarded the Order of Lenin, three Orders of the Red Banner, the Order of the Red Star, the Orders of the Patriotic War of the 1st degree and the Red Star, a number of medals (“For the Capture of Koenigsberg”, “For Military Merit”, etc.).