OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Willy Krogmann

Willy Krogmann (13 September 1905 – 20 March 1967) was a German philologist who specialized in Germanic studies.

## Biography

Willy Krogmann was born in Wismar, Germany on 13 September 1905. He was the son of a timber merchant. Since 1924, Krogmann studied German, philosophy and history at the universities of Leipzig and Rostock. He received his Ph.D. at Rostock in 1928.
From 1933 to 1936, Krogmann worked on the production of the Deutsches Wörterbuch. He habilitated at the University of Königsberg in 1939, and subsequently taught Frisian at the University of Hamburg. He served as a sonderführer in the Wehrmacht in the Netherlands during World War II. After the war, Krogmann took over the leadership of the Frisian Institute in Hamburg, and worked on the production of a dictionary of Heligoland Frisian. From 1952 to 1967, Krogmann lectured in Frisian philology at the University of Hamburg. He was also a specialist in Germanic linguistics in general, and on runology and Germanic Antiquity. Krogmann died in Hamburg on 20 March 1967.

## Selected works

* Untersuchungen zum Ursprung der Gretchentragödie. Wismar 1928 (Dissertation)
* Der Name der Germanen. Wismar 1933
* Goethes 'Urfaust'. Berlin: 1933 (= Germanische Studien, Band 143)
* Der Rattenfänger von Hameln. Berlin 1934
* Die Heimatfrage des Heliand im Lichte des Wortschatzes. Wismar 1937
* als Herausgeber: Der Todtentanz in der Marienkirche zu Berlin. Berlin 1937.
* Breiz da Vreiziz! ("Die Bretagne den Bretonen!"). Zeugnisse zum Freiheitskampf der Bretonen. Halle 1940 (= Schriftenreihe der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Keltische Studien, Band 6)
* als Herausgeber: Hermann Boßdorf. Gesammelte Werke. 11 Bände, Hamburg 1952–1957
* Helgoländer Wörterbuch. Mainz 1957–1969 (5 Lieferungen, mehr nicht erschienen)
* Das Lachsargument. In: Zeitschrift für vergleichende Sprachforschung 76, 1960, S. 161–178
* (mit Ulrich Pretzel:) Bibliographie zum Nibelungenlied und zur Klage. 4. Aufl. Berlin 1966

## Sources

* Wolfgang Bachofer, Walter Röll: Bibliographie Willy Krogmann. Wiesbaden 1972
* Christoph König (Hrsg.), unter Mitarbeit von Birgit Wägenbaur u. a.: Internationales Germanistenlexikon 1800–1950. Band 2: H–Q. de Gruyter, Berlin/New York 2003, ISBN 3-11-015485-4, S. 1023–1025.
* Ulrich Pretzel (1982), "Krogmann, Willy", Neue Deutsche Biographie (in German), vol. 13, Berlin: Duncker & Humblot, pp. 67–68; (full text online)
* This article on a German linguist is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
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# Sar Darreh

Sar Darreh or Sardarah or Sardareh or Sardarreh (Persian: سردره) may refer to various places in Iran:
* Sardarreh, Ardabil
* Sardarah, Hormozgan
* Sar Darreh, Kermanshah
* Sar Darreh-ye Beyglar Beygi, Kermanshah Province
* Sar Darreh, Khuzestan
* Sar Darreh, Charam, Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad Province
* Sar Darreh, Kohgiluyeh, Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad Province
* Sar Darreh, Charusa, Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad Province
* Sar Darreh, Kurdistan
* Sar Darreh, Lorestan
* Sar Darreh, West Azerbaijan
# Haydar Ergülen

Haydar Ergülen (born 14 October 1956, in Eskişehir, Turkey) is a Turkish poet., he graduated from the Sociology Department at Orta Doğu Teknik Üniversitesi (Middle East Technical University) in Ankara.
After graduation from the university, he worked as an advertising copywriter. His first poetry book was published in 1981. As of 2020, his 17 poetry, 28 essay books have been published. Among his published poetry books are: Sokak Prensesi (Street Princess/1991), Eskiden Terzi (Once a Tailor), 40 Şiir ve Bir (40 Poems and One/1997), Karton Valiz (Cardboard Suitcase/1999).
With 40 Poems and One, Ergülen won the 1997 "Behçet Necatigil Poetry Award" as well as the "Orhon Murat Arıburnu Poetry Award". His "Once a Tailor" brought him the 1996 "Halil Kocagöz Poetry Award".
For some of his books, he used the pen name "Hafız".

## Published books in foreign languages

Haydar Ergülen's poems have been translated to various languages and published as books, in addition, inclusion in various other publications like anthologies etc.
His published books in foreign countries are:
* France:Carnet Intime (AL MANAR Editions, 2012) and Grenade ou Nar (L’Harmattan, 2015).
* Germany:Die Ecken deiner Stille(Elif Verlag, 2019)
* United Kingdom:Pomegranate Garden (Parthian Books, 2019)
* Italy: La Casa Nella Melegrana (Valigierosse, 2020).

## Other related activities

Haydar Ergülen is the director of the International Eskişehir Poetry Festival, International Nazım Hikmet Poetry Days, and İzmir International literature Festival. He gives lectures at universities on creative writing, poetry, Turkish Literature and philosophy. He organizes workshops on creative writing and poetry. He is the member of board PEN International in Turkey.
# Ab Kaseh

Ab Kaseh or Ab Kasseh (Persian: ابكاسه) may refer to:
* Ab Kaseh, Khuzestan
* Ab Kaseh, Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad
* Ab Kaseh, Boyer-Ahmad, Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad Province
* Ab Kaseh, Lorestan
# Jargulica, Radoviš

Jargulica (Macedonian: Јаргулица) is a village in the municipality of Radoviš, North Macedonia. It is located 12 kilometres (7.5 mi) from Radoviš. It used to be part of the former municipality of Podareš.

## Demographics

According to the 2002 census, the village had a total of 818 inhabitants. Ethnic groups in the village include:
* Macedonians 816
* Turks 2
As of 2021, the village of Јargulica has 628 inhabitants and the ethnic composition was the following:
* Macedonians – 567
* Person without Data - 61
# Kasymguly Babaýew

Kasymguly Gulmyradovych Babayev (Turkmen: Kasymguly Gulmyradowiç Babaýew) is a Turkmen political figure and economist.

## Biography
### Childhood

Kasymguly Babayev was born 12 September 1966 in the village Gämi of present-day Ahal Province. From 1973 to 1983 Babayev studied in Secondary School No. 1 of Anau. Between 1983 and 1989 he studied at the Turkmen State Institute of Economics and Management, and received a degree in economics.

### Professional career

From 1984 to 1986 Babayev served in the army. From 1989 to 1991 he worked as an economist at the Labor Research Institute of the Turkmenistan State Committee for Labor and Social Security of the USSR. Between 1991 and 1993 he taught at the department of management and international economic relations of Turkmen State Institute of Economy and Management, and between 1993 and 1996 at the department of world economy and international economic relations. Simultaneously, in September 1991 he was appointed deputy dean of the faculty of commerce and technology, and in September 1992 deputy dean of the faculty of trade and international economic relations.
Babayev entered postgraduate studies in 1993. From 1996 to 2002 he taught at the Department of World Economy and International Economic Relations of Turkmen State University. In 2002 he became a senior lecturer in the Department of World Experience Studies of the same university. At the same time he served as a deputy dean of the Faculty of Law and International Relations from January 2000 and as a Dean of the Faculty of Law and International Relations of Turkmen State University from September of the same year till February 2007.
Babayev was elected to the Mejlis in 2004. In 2007 Babayev was elected deputy speaker of the Mejlis, serving until 2012. From June 2008, he was also first deputy chairman of the "Galkynyş" All-National Movement and first secretary of the political bureau of the Democratic Party of Turkmenistan. From 2013 until 2 April 2018, he was chairman of the Democratic Party of Turkmenistan. Babayev served again as deputy speaker of the Mejlis from 2018 until 15 April 2021, when he was formally relieved of that position.
From 2021 to 2023 Babayev served as deputy chairman of the People's Council, at the time the upper chamber of a bicameral parliament. Upon dissolution of the National Council and reformation of the People's Council in 2023, Babayev became chief of staff of the People's Council.

## Criticism

Opposition media have alleged that Babayev in his official positions has done very little work and has used his position "to resolve personal problems."

## Awards

* Watana bolan söýgüsi üçin "For the love of the Fatherland" (2010)
* Türkmenistanyň Garaşsyzlygynyň 20 ýyllygyna "20 years of Turkmenistan's Independence" (2011)
* Magtymguly Pyragy (2014)
* Garaşsyz, Baky Bitarap Türkmenistan "Independent, Eternally Neutral Turkmenistan" (2015)
* Türkmenistanyň Garaşsyzlygynyň 25 ýyllygyna "25 years of Turkmenistan's Independence" (2016)
* commemorative medal in honor of the 26th anniversary of Turkmenistan's independence (2017)

## Personal life

Babayev is married and has four children.
# Shah Bahram

Shah Bahram (Persian: شاه بهرام) may refer to:
* Shah Bahram, Fars
* Shah Bahram, Kavar, Fars Province
* Shah Bahram, Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad
# Knockfarrel

Knockfarrel (Scottish Gaelic: Cnoc Fearghalaigh) is a village, 1 mile east of Strathpeffer, in Dingwall in Ross-shire, Scottish Highlands and is in the Scottish council area of Highland.
Knockfarrel or Knock Farrel, or indeed Knock Farril (stone fort) is a vitrified pictish Iron Age fort which lies on the knockfarrel hill, immediately to the north of the village, and which it gave its name to the village. The walk up to the fort is a popular tourist attraction.
The village once had a large enough population to have its own shinty club which then amalgamated with Strathpeffer's to create Caberfeidh in 1886.
# Boris Keller

Boris Aleksandrovich Keller (Russian: Борис Александрович Келлер; 28 August 1874 – 29 October 1945) was a Russian and Soviet biologist and a pioneer of plant ecology in the Soviet Union. Specializing in the vegetational ecology of the semi-arid steppe regions, he introduced the idea of vegetation complexes which are now termed as synusia in plant ecology. He served as the first director of the Komarov Botanical Institute.

## Biography

Keller was born in Saint Petersburg in the Russian Empire, but grew up in Volsk and Saratov where his father was a physician. He graduated from the Saratov Gymnasium in 1892 with a gold medal and joined Moscow University to study medicine. He however failed in 1892-93 and moved to the natural sciences under Professor Ivan Nikolaevich Gorozhankin. For his role in student politics, he was expelled in December 1894 and was arrested in 1896 but released for want of evidence. He moved to the Petrovsky district and worked as a private tutor, and later as a clerk in a book store. In 1898 he received permission to enter university again and joined Kazan University studying botany under Andrey Gordyagin [ru]. He graduated in 1902 and taught at Kazan until 1913. In 1907 he worked in collaboration with Nikolai Dimo on the semi-desert regions. He examined the phytogeography of the steppe and examined classification of the vegetation. He introduced the concept of vegetation complexes that form a distinct layer with species sharing a similar life form, which were later termed as "synusia". He took a special interest in grasses and plants that are drought and salt tolerant. He then joined the Voronezh Agricultural Institute [ru] and served at the University of Voronezh from 1919. In 1931 he was posted as director of a new institute under the Academy of Sciences of the Soviet Union which was later called the Komarov Institute. He helped found efforts to produce a Flora of the Soviet Union. He headed the Academy's soil institute [ru] from 1935 and worked at the Moscow botanical gardens from 1937 until his death. In 1945 he received the Order of the Red Banner of Labour.
# Life Turns Electric

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Allmusic | |
| Sputnikmusic | |
Life Turns Electric is the fifth studio album by Canadian alternative rock band Finger Eleven. It was released by Wind-up Records on October 5, 2010 and was the last studio album to feature drummer Rich Beddoe. It was nominated for Rock Album of the Year at the 2011 Juno Awards. The track "Living in a Dream" was the official theme song for the 2011 WWE Royal Rumble.

## Track listing

All songs written by Finger Eleven; track 4 written by Finger Eleven and Gregg Wattenberg.

## Chart positions

| Chart (2010) | Peak position |
| Canadian Albums Chart | 15 |
| US Billboard 200 | 92 |
| US Top Alternative Albums (Billboard) | 16 |
| US Top Hard Rock Albums (Billboard) | 11 |
| US Top Rock Albums (Billboard) | 31 |

## Personnel
### Band

* Scott Anderson – vocals
* James Black – guitar, vocals
* Rick Jackett – guitar
* Sean Anderson – bass
* Rich Beddoe – drums

### Production

* James Black – production, art direction
* Rick Jackett – production
* Ross Petersen – engineering, editing, production
* Chris Lord-Alge – mixing
* John Alicastro – assistant engineering
* Keith Armstrong – assistant engineering
* Nik Karpen – assistant engineering
* Brad Townsend – mixing
* Andrew Schubert – mixing
* Ryan Smith – mastering
* Gregg Wattenberg – production on "Living in a Dream"
* Rich Costey – mixing on "Living in a Dream"
* Charles L. Stavish Jr. – mixing on "Living in a Dream"
* Ted Jensen – mastering on "Living in a Dream"
* Mike Mongillo – concept art
* Michelle Lukianovich – concept art
# Jõhvi Airfield

Jõhvi Airfield (Estonian: Jõhvi lennuväli; ICAO: EEJI) is an airfield in Jõhvi, Ida-Viru County, Estonia.
The airfield's owner is Foundation Jõhvi Lennuväli.
# Al Cohen (umpire)

Alfred Abraham Cohen (December 31, 1927 – September 7, 2007) was an American baseball umpire who briefly worked in the National League in 1976.
Born in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, Cohen served in the United States Army as a military police officer from 1946 to 1947. He began to umpire Little League Baseball games in 1959 and slowly began working his way up to high school and then semipro games. In 1976, Cohen became a backup umpire in the National League, appearing in two games.
Cohen is one of five Jewish umpires to have served in Major League Baseball, the others being: Dolly Stark, Al Clark, Al Forman, and Stan Landes.
After his baseball career ended, Cohen worked as the Director of Safety and Security for the school district of North Hills, Pennsylvania.
Cohen married his wife Rita in 1950. He died in Monroeville, Pennsylvania in 2007, aged 79. He was buried in Adath Jeshurun Cemetery in Allison Park, Pennsylvania.
# 1982 Amol uprising

The 1982 Amol uprising was an armed uprising against the government of Iran by the Maoist organisation Union of Iranian Communists (Sarbedaran).

## Background

The Union of Iranian Communists (Sarbedaran) or UIC(S) for short, was a Maoist organisation that adopted people's war as its line of struggle. The Amol County was chosen by UIC(S) as a revolutionary base area.

## History

1982 was an important year in the history of the UIC(S) and the history of Maoism in Iran in general. In this year the UIC(S) mobilised forces in forests around Amol and launched an armed campaign against the Islamic Republic. It organised an uprising on 25 January 1982, led by Siamak Zaim. The uprising was eventually a failure and many UIC(S) and Maoist leaders were shot. Zaim was arrested by the Revolutionary Guard after they retook Amol by force, and eventually executed in 1984 in spite of a pardon from death granted for helping end the firefight.

## Aftermath

After the failure of the uprising the UIC(S) went through a difficult period with most of its leadership and members arrested or killed. It also experienced various theoretical and political crises.

## In culture

The Little Black Fish (Persian: ماهی سیاه کوچولو) is a 2014 Iranian film by Majid Esmaeili Parsa about Amol uprising.
# C. P. Spencer

C. P. Spencer (born Crathman Plato Spencer, January 13, 1938 – October 20, 2004) was an American musician, singer, songwriter, and record producer for the Motown label in the late 1960s and early 1970s. He was a native of Detroit, Michigan. Best known for being a member of the Motown quartet The Originals. He was also an original member of both The Spinners and The Voice Masters.
C. P. Spencer died from a heart attack on October 20, 2004. As of April 2013, Originals' Hank Dixon is now the only surviving, and active, founding member of that original group; with the Spinners' Henry Fambrough having been the last founding member of that group until his death in February 2024. Dixon is also the only surviving member of the Voice Masters.
# Alexander Gregg

Alexander Gregg (October 8, 1819 - July 11, 1893), an Episcopal clergyman, was the first bishop of Texas.

## Early life and education

Gregg was born on October 8, 1819, in Society Hill, South Carolina, Darlington County, South Carolina, in an area historically known as "the old Cheraws", the son of David Gregg and Athalinda Brocky. He was educated at the academy at Winnsboro, South Carolina, after which he attended the South Carolina College from where he graduated with a Bachelor of Arts in December 1838. He married Charlotte Wilson Kollock on April 21, 1841, and together had ten children. He was then admitted to practice law as an attorney in Cheraw, South Carolina, on December 6, 1841, and practiced law there for two years. Gregg became interested in the Episcopal Church and was eventually baptized and confirmed in 1843 at St David's Church.

## Ordained ministry

After his baptism and confirmation, Gregg became a candidate for holy orders. He was ordained deacon on June 10, 1846, and priest on December 19, 1847, at St Philip's Church by Bishop Christopher Edwards Gadsden of South Carolina. He spent his whole ministry, just before his election as bishop, as the rector of St David's Church in Cheraw, South Carolina.

## Episcopacy

Gregg was the first elected bishop of Texas on May 5, 1859, and was consecrated on October 13, 1859, by Presiding Bishop John Henry Hopkins. His diocese covered the entire state of Texas. Bishop Gregg presided through the difficult days of the Civil War and Reconstruction, and gave leadership as Texas changed from frontier to settled community. He saw the number of churches in his diocese grow from six to sixty. In 1874, toward the end of his episcopate, Gregg presided over the division of the Diocese of Texas into three dioceses - two new missionary districts of West Texas and North Texas. The Diocese of Texas retained the name of the original diocese in its present boundaries. He was also the fourth Chancellor of the University of the South, serving from August 1, 1887, until his death.

## Literary work

In 1867, Bishop Gregg published "History of the Old Cheraws", the history of his native area with a decided emphasis on the Patriot role in the American Revolution.

## Death

Bishop Gregg died in office at his Austin, Texas, home on July 10, 1893, is buried at Saint David's Church in Cheraw, South Carolina.
# Petrovë

Petrovë (Albanian: Petrovë, Serbian Cyrillic: Петрово/Petrovo) is a village in Shtime municipality, Kosovo.
# Gmina Wąsosz, Lower Silesian Voivodeship

Gmina Wąsosz is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Góra County, Lower Silesian Voivodeship, in south-western Poland. Its seat is the town of Wąsosz, which lies approximately 17 kilometres (11 mi) south-east of Góra and 53 km (33 mi) north-west of the regional capital Wrocław.
The gmina covers an area of 193.59 square kilometres (74.75 sq mi), and as of 2019 its total population is 7,161.

## Neighbouring gminas

Gmina Wąsosz is bordered by the gminas of Bojanowo, Góra, Jemielno, Rawicz, Wińsko and Żmigród.

## Villages

Apart from the town of Wąsosz, the gmina contains the villages of Baranowice, Bartków, Bełcz Górny, Bełcz Mały, Borowna, Chocieborowice, Cieszkowice, Czaple, Czarnoborsko, Czeladź Wielka, Dochowa, Drozdowice Małe, Drozdowice Wielkie, Gola Wąsoska, Górka Wąsoska, Jawor, Kąkolno, Kamień Górowski, Kobylniki, Kowalowo, Lechitów, Lubiel, Ługi, Marysin, Młynary, Ostrawa, Płoski, Pobiel, Podmieście, Rudna Mała, Rudna Wielka, Sądowel, Stefanów, Sułów Wielki, Świniary, Unisławice, Wiewierz, Wiklina, Wodniki, Wrząca Śląska, Wrząca Wielka, Zbaków Dolny, Zbaków Górny and Zubrza.
# Kim Jong-ho (politician)

Kim Jong-ho (Korean: 김정호) is a North Korean politician and military officer. He has served as a member of the Central Committee of the Workers' Party of Korea, Minister of Social Security, member of the State Affairs Commission, and chairman of the Legislative Committee of the Supreme People's Assembly. He holds military rank of General.

## Biography

His birthplace and date of birth unknown. In 2001, it was reported that a person with the same name was the Deputy Minister of the Ministry of People's Security. He was elected as a delegate to the 14th convocation of the Supreme People's Assembly on March 10, 2019, and the 5th plenary session of the 7th Central Committee of the Workers’ Party of Korea held from December 28 of the same year he was elected as a member of the Party Central Committee. In February 2020, he was appointed Minister of People's Security.
At the 3rd session of the 14th convocation of the Supreme People's Assembly held on April 12, 2020, he was elected as a member of the State Affairs Commission of North Korea and chairman of the Legislative Committee of the Supreme People's Assembly.
At the 8th Congress of the Workers' Party of Korea, which was held from January 5, 2021, he dropped out of the party's Central Committee and was dismissed from the post of Minister of Social Security but returned in July of the same year. On September 7, 2021, he was dismissed as Minister of Social Security by the politburo, on the second day of the 5th session of the 14th Supreme People's Assembly held on September 30, 2021. At the meeting, he was summoned by a member of the State Affairs Commission and chairman of the Legislative Committee of the Supreme People's Assembly.
# Thomas Ernest Pearce

Thomas Ernest Pearce (19 February 1883 – 19 December 1941) was a British businessman and member of the Legislative Council of Hong Kong.
Pearce was born on 19 February 1883. His father, Rev. Thomas William Pearce, O.B.E, LL.D. spent nearly half a century working in China as a missionary and translator, and was closely associated with the educational development in Hong Kong. Pearce went to boarding school in Blackheath, South London, from 1896 to 1899; he attended the School for the Sons of Missionaries, the predecessor of Eltham College, where he excelled in cricket and rugby. When in 1912 the school moved to its current site, in Mottingham, South London, Pearce donated the Blackheath Cup, which is still awarded for all-round sporting excellence.
After joining trading company J. D. Hutchison & Co. in 1903, Pearce acquired a controlling share in the company from John Duflon Hutchison in 1917. He took into partnership with P. S. Cassidy in 1922 and set up a branch office in Canton in 1929 which ceased to operate in 1941. He was also director and chairman of the Hong Kong and Shanghai Banking Corporation and many other public companies.
Pearce was made Justice of the Peace in 1921 and was appointed member of the Court of the University of Hong Kong in 1929. He was also appointed member of the Legislative Council in March 1939 until Japan invaded Hong Kong in 1941. He was a member of the Hong Kong Defence Reserve. During the Battle of Hong Kong, he was killed in the fight alongside the Volunteers' Special Guard Company nicknamed the Hugheseliers and the Methuseliers consisting of group of older men to defend the North Point Power Station.
Pearce was a sportsman and played cricket for Hong Kong. He was also the chairman of the Hong Kong Jockey Club from 1940 to 1941. He had two sons, Thomas Alexander Pearce and J. L. C. Pearce. Thomas Alexander Pearce was also a professional cricketer.