OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Tenovo

Tenovo (Macedonian: Теново, Albanian: Tenovë) is a village in the municipality of Brvenica, North Macedonia.

## Demographics

As of the 2021 census, Tenovo had 1,175 residents with the following ethnic composition:
* Albanians 963
* Macedonians 189
* Persons for whom data are taken from administrative sources 23
According to the 2002 census, the village had a total of 1,602 inhabitants. Ethnic groups in the village include:
* Albanians – 1,391
* Macedonians – 210
* Others – 1
According to the 1942 Albanian census, Tenovo was inhabited by 487 Muslim Albanians, 272 Macedonians.
In statistics gathered by Vasil Kanchov in 1900, the village of Tenovo was inhabited by 170 Orthodox Macedonians and 150 Muslim Albanians.
# Louis Harold Gray

Louis Harold Gray FRS (10 November 1905 – 9 July 1965) was an English physicist who worked mainly on the effects of radiation on biological systems. He was one of the earliest contributors of the field of radiobiology. Amongst many other achievements, he defined a unit of radiation dosage (absorbed dose) which was later named after him as an SI unit, the gray.

## Early life

Gray was born as an only child on 10 November 1905 to parents Harry and Amy Gray. His father worked at a post office.

## Career

* 1933 - Hospital physicist at Mount Vernon Hospital, London
* 1936 - Developed the Bragg–Gray equation, the basis for the cavity ionization method of measuring gamma-ray energy absorption by materials
* 1937 - Built an early neutron generator at Mount Vernon Hospital
* 1938 - Studied biological effects of neutrons using the generator
* 1940 - Developed concept of RBE (Relative Biological Effectiveness) of doses of neutrons
* 1952 - Initiated research into cells in hypoxic tumors and hyperbaric oxygen
* 1953 - Oliver Scott established the British Empire Cancer Campaign Research Unit in Radiobiology at Mount Vernon Hospital with Hal Gray as director which in 1970 became the Cancer Research Campaign's Gray Laboratory and then (in 2001) the Gray Cancer Institute.
* 1953 - 1960 - Under Gray's direction, Jack W. Boag developed pulse radiolysis
* 1962 - Ed Hart, of Argonne National Laboratory, and Jack Boag discovered the hydrated electron using pulse radiolysis at the Gray Laboratory - This discovery initiated a new direction of research that is still very active today and is vital for understanding the effects of radiation on biological tissue, for instance in cancer treatment.
# Tréguennec

Tréguennec (French pronunciation:; Breton: Tregeneg) is a commune in the Finistère department of Brittany in north-western France.

## Population

Inhabitants of Tréguennec are called in French Tréguennecois.
The Chapelle de Saint-Vio is named after Saint Vouga.
# Johan von Friesendorff

Riksfriherre Sir Johan Fredrik von Friesendorff, 1st Baronet (1617–1669) was a Swedish diplomat born in Bremen.

## Early life

His father was Hieronymus von Friesendorff (b. 1565), the Amtmann (prefect) of Rotenburg an der Wümme and Bremervörde, and his mother was from the von Buchwald family.

## Career

His ability was recognised by the Swedish Lord High Treasurer Gabriel Oxenstierna, and he was appointed as Swedish resident in Portugal by him in 1649, and then appointed as a member of the Swedish Cabinet four years later. In 1656 he married Margareta Elisabet Gärffelt.
Shrewd and with a thorough knowledge of cabinet- and trade secrets, he was used by the Swedish state in many negotiations and diplomatic endeavours, including finishing an alliance with England in 1661, when he was also dubbed an English knight and created a baronet by Charles II (under the name of "Sir John Frederick van Freisendorf"). A few years later he was appointed Reichsfreiherr by the Emperor Leopold, and was also given the titles Counsellor of the Court and member of the National Board of Trade in Sweden.

## Children

His sons were raised to Swedish friherre dignity by King Charles XII in 1705.
* Friherre Sir Johan Fridrich Frisendorph, 2nd Baronet (1657–1725)
* Friherre Carl Gustaf Frisendorph (1663–1715)
* Friherre Magnus Gabriel Frisendorph (1668–1709), killed in action at the Battle of Poltava.
# Vietnamese lotus tea

Vietnamese lotus tea (Vietnamese: trà sen, chè sen, or chè ướp sen) is a type of green tea produced in Vietnam that has been flavored with the scent of Nelumbo nucifera. It is a specialty product of the Vietnamese tea industry and is consumed as part of celebratory events or festivals.

## Production

The tea is made by allowing the green tea to absorb the flower's natural scent. This is done through several methods, either by:
* Stuffing green tea leaves into a flower and leaving them overnight
* Pulling the entire stamen from the flower or just their anthers and then either
** Jar them overnight with the tea leaves with them
** Bake the tea leaves with them
These steps can be repeated multiple times to increase the floral scent in the tea leaves. In the case of higher quality teas, one thousand lotus flowers per kilogram of tea are needed to complete this ancient process. Many modern production tend towards flavoring or perfumes to scent the tea.

## Brewing

Lotus teas are typically very potent and are best brewed for under 2 minutes using cooler brewing temperatures (160 °F/70 °C). Some fancier ones will brew 3-4 times from one set of leaves.
# Onttola railway station

Onttola railway station (abbrev. Ont, Finnish: Onttolan rautatieasema) is a train station along the Pieksämäki–Joensuu line in Finland. The station is located approximately 7 kilometres (4.3 mi) away from Joensuu railway station.

## Station building

The original log-frame station building was built in the 1920s according to plans drawn up by Thure Hellström, an architect for the Finnish National Railway Board. The same types of station buildings were erected in 19 villages and towns along the Joensuu–Varkaus and Oulu–Kontiomäki lines. The Onttola railway station was closed down in May 1976.
In 2000, the original station building was dismantled and its log frame was moved to the town of Nurmes, where it was renovated and turned into the reception building for LomaSirmakka. The reception building was officially opened in June 2005.
62°38′12″N 29°41′47″E﻿ / ﻿62.63667°N 29.69639°E﻿ / 62.63667; 29.69639
* This article about a Finnish railway station is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
# Trewennack

Trewennack (Cornish: Trewedhenek) is a village northeast of Helston in Cornwall, England, United Kingdom. It is on the A394 main road.
The name of the village comes from the Cornish language words tre, meaning 'farm' or 'settlement', and Gwedhenek, a personal name.

## Cornish wrestling

Cornish wrestling tournaments, for prizes, were held in the garden at the rear of the Star Inn in Trewennack.
# Christopher Yavelow

Christopher Yavelow (born 14 June 1950, Cambridge, Massachusetts), the son of a film professor and visual artist, is a composer and proponent of computer assisted composition.
He studied composition and theory at Boston University (BM 1972, MM 1974), Harvard University (MFA 1977), the Franz Liszt Academy in Hungary (1977–78), the Darmstadt Ferienkurse in Germany, the Conservatoire Darius Milhaud in Aix-en-Provence, and L'ecole Normale de Musique in Paris where he also studied with Nadia Boulanger (1978–1979).
Yavelow has taught music composition and theory at Harvard (teaching fellow, 1975–77), the Paris-American Academy (1978–79), the University of Texas (at Dallas, 1983–84), and Claremont Graduate University (1988-93). He was Chairman of the Department of Music at Schiller International University from 1979 to 1980. Currently, he teaches at the University of Maryland University College (from 2008).
Major works include his grand opera, The Passion of Vincent van Gogh commissioned by the National Endowment for the Arts in 1981 and performed by the University of Texas in 1984. The National Institute of Music Theater sponsored his chamber opera, Countdown (1987), as part of their “Opera in the Eighties and Beyond” program on behalf of the Boston Lyric Opera. Countdown is the first computer-assisted opera, the first opera performance accompanied by a virtual orchestra (February 12, 1987, by the Boston Lyric Opera), and the first opera in cyberspace (1994).
Throughout the 1980s, Yavelow published many articles on computer music for Byte Magazine, Computer Music Journal, Electronic Musician, Macromedia Journal, Macworld, and New Media Magazine. His Macworld Music and Sound Bible was IDG's first "Bible" book (1992), and also won the Computer Press Association Award (1992). The book and its Japanese translation were well received by music educators and the entertainment industry. Yavelow went on to author or co-author nearly a dozen books, mainly on music and multimedia. From 1995 through 1999, he was the editor of A-R Editions' Computer Music and Digital Audio book series.

## Selected publications

* Christopher Yavelow, "Personal Computers and Music: The State of the Art", Journal of the Audio Engineering Society, Volume 35, Issue 3, March 1987, pp. 160–193.
* Christopher Yavelow, "Music and Microprocessors: MIDI and the State of the Art" in Curtis Roads (ed.), The Music Machine: Selected Readings from Computer Music Journal, MIT Press, 1989. ISBN 0-262-68078-5.
* Christopher Yavelow, Macworld Music and Sound Bible, IDG Books, 1992. ISBN 1-878058-18-5.
# Speed skating at the 1928 Winter Olympics – Men's 10,000 metres

The 10,000 metres speed skating event was part of the speed skating at the 1928 Winter Olympics programme. The competition was held on Tuesday, February 14, 1928.
In this race, Irving Jaffee was leading the competition, having outskated Norwegian defending world champion Bernt Evensen in their heat, when rising temperatures thawed the ice. In a controversial ruling, the Norwegian referee canceled the entire competition. Although the International Olympic Committee reversed the referee's decision and awarded Jaffee the gold medal, the International Skating Union later overruled the IOC and restored the ruling. Jaffee should have received the gold medal, according to Evensen, but it never occurred.

## Medalists

No medals were awarded as the competition was abandoned.

## Records

These were the standing world and Olympic records (in minutes) prior to the 1928 Winter Olympics.
| World Record | 17:17.4(*) | Armand Carlsen | Davos (SUI) | February 5, 1928 |
| Olympic Record | 18:04.8 | Julius Skutnabb | Chamonix (FRA) | January 27, 1924 |
(*) The record was set in a high altitude venue (more than 1000 metres above sea level) and on naturally frozen ice.

## Results
### Heats

Heat 1
| Place | Name | Time |
| 1 | Irving Jaffee (USA) | 18:36.5 |
| 2 | Bernt Evensen (NOR) | 18:36.6 |
Heat 2
| Place | Name | Time |
| 1 | Rudolf Riedl (AUT) | 20:21.5 |
| 2 | Kęstutis Bulota (LTU) | 20:22.2 |
Heat 3
| Place | Name | Time |
| 1 | Otto Polacsek (AUT) | 20:00.9 |
| – | Roald Larsen (NOR) | DNF |
Heat 4
| Place | Name | Time |
| 1 | Armand Carlsen (NOR) | 20:56.1 |
| 2 | Valentine Bialas (USA) | 21:05.4 |
Heat 5
This heat was abandoned after 2000 metres due to thawing ice.
| Place | Name | Time |
| – | Gustaf Andersson (SWE) | - |
| – | Ossi Blomqvist (FIN) | - |

## Standings after four heats

| Place | Speed skater | Time |
| 1 | Irving Jaffee (USA) | 18:36.5 |
| 2 | Bernt Evensen (NOR) | 18:36.6 |
| 3 | Otto Polacsek (AUT) | 20:00.9 |
| 4 | Rudolf Riedl (AUT) | 20:21.5 |
| 5 | Kęstutis Bulota (LTU) | 20:22.2 |
| 6 | Armand Carlsen (NOR) | 20:56.1 |
| 7 | Valentine Bialas (USA) | 21:05.4 |
| – | Roald Larsen (NOR) | DNF |
# Shadow Ministry of Kim Beazley (2005–06)

The Shadow Ministry of Kim Beazley was the opposition Australian Labor Party shadow ministry of Australia from January 2005 to December 2006, opposing John Howard's Coalition ministry.
* Leader of the Opposition: Kim Beazley
* Deputy Leader of the Opposition and Shadow Minister for Education, Training, Science and Research: Jenny Macklin
* Leader of the Opposition in the Senate and Shadow Minister Indigenous Affairs, Family and Community Services: Senator Chris Evans
* Deputy Leader of the Opposition in the Senate and Shadow Minister for Communications and Information Technology: Senator Stephen Conroy
* Shadow Treasurer: Wayne Swan
* Shadow Minister for Superannuation and Intergenerational Finance, Banking and Financial Services: Senator Nick Sherry
* Shadow Minister for Regional Development: Simon Crean
* Shadow Minister for Health and Manager of Opposition Business in the House: Julia Gillard
* Shadow Minister for Industry, Infrastructure and Industrial Relations: Stephen Smith
* Shadow Minister for Finance: Lindsay Tanner
* Shadow Minister for Foreign Affairs, International Security and Trade: Kevin Rudd
* Shadow Minister for Immigration: Tony Burke
* Shadow Minister for Defence: Robert McClelland
* Shadow Minister for Homeland Security, Aviation and Transport Security: Arch Bevis
* Shadow Minister for Consumer Affairs, Health Population and Health Regulation: Laurie Ferguson
* Shadow Minister for Housing, Urban Development, Local Government and Territories: Senator Kim Carr
* Shadow Minister for Public Accountability and Human Services: Kelvin Thomson
* Shadow Minister for Child Care, Youth and Women: Tanya Plibersek
* Shadow Minister for Environment and Heritage, Deputy Manager of Opposition Business in the House: Anthony Albanese
* Shadow Minister for Employment and Workplace Participation, Corporate Governance and Responsibility: Senator Penny Wong
* Shadow Minister for Transport: Senator Kerry O'Brien
* Assistant Shadow Treasurer and Shadow Minister for Revenue, Small Business and Competition: Joel Fitzgibbon
* Shadow Attorney-General: Nicola Roxon
* Shadow Minister for Agriculture and Fisheries: Gavan O'Connor
* Shadow Minister for Sport and Recreation: Senator Kate Lundy
* Shadow Minister for Veterans' Affairs and Shadow Special Minister of State : Alan Griffin
* Shadow Minister for Defence Industry, Procurement and Personnel: Senator Mark Bishop
* Shadow Minister for Aged Care, Disabilities and Carers: Senator Jan McLucas
* Shadow Minister for Justice and Customs, Manager of Opposition Business in the Senate: Joe Ludwig
* Shadow Minister for Pacific Island Affairs and Overseas Aid: Bob Sercombe
* Shadow Minister for Citizenship and Multicultural Affairs: Senator Annette Hurley
This opposition made no distinction between the Shadow Cabinet and the Shadow Ministry.
# Korošišta

Korošišta (Macedonian: Корошишта, Albanian: Koroshisht) is a village in the municipality of Struga, North Macedonia.

## Demographics

As of the 2021 census, Korošišta had 1,201 residents with the following ethnic composition:
* Albanians 1,179
* Persons for whom data are taken from administrative sources 20
* Macedonians 1
* Others 1
According to the 2002 census, the village had a total of 1,717 inhabitants. Ethnic groups in the village include:
* Albanians 1,698
* Macedonians 1
* Serbs 1
* Others 19
# Ágnes Nemes Nagy

Ágnes Nemes Nagy (January 3, 1922 – August 23, 1991) was a Hungarian poet, writer, educator, and translator.
She was born in Budapest and earned a teaching diploma from the University of Budapest. From 1945 to 1953, she was employed by the education journal Köznevelés; from 1953 to 1957, she taught high school. After 1957, she devoted herself to writing.
Following World War II, Nemes Nagy worked on a literary periodical Újhold (New Moon); the editor was critic Balázs Lengyel, who she later married. The magazine was eventually banned by the government of the time. In 1946, Nemes Nagy published her first volume of poetry Kettős világban (In a dual world). In 1948, she was awarded the Baumgarten Prize. During the 1950s, her own work was suppressed and she worked as a translator, translating the works of Molière, Racine, Corneille, Bertolt Brecht and others.

## Selected works

* Szárazvillám (Heat lightning), poetry (1957)
* Az aranyecset (The golden brush), children's book
* Lila fecske (Purple swallow), children's book
* Napforduló (Solstice), poetry (1967)
* 64 hattyú (64 swans), essays (1975)
* Között (Between), poetry (1981)
* A Föld emlékei (Earth's souvenirs), poetry (1986)
# Petrovka, Kyrgyzstan

Petrovka (Kyrgyz: Петровка) is a village in Chüy Region of Kyrgyzstan. It is part of the Moskva District. Its population was 10,879 in 2021.
# Taimar Peterkop

Taimar Peterkop (born 20 January 1977 in Tallinn) is an Estonian civil servant.
Since 10 December 2018, he is State Secretary of Estonia.
Between 2015–2018, he was the head of the Estonian Information System Authority (Estonian: Riigi Infosüsteemi Amet).
# Canumã River

Canumã River (Portuguese: Rio Canumã) is a river in the Amazonas state in north-western Brazil. It is located east of the Madeira River and runs roughly parallel to it. It flows into the Paraná Urariá shortly before merging into the Madeira River (the short channel between Canumã River/Paraná Urariá and the Madeira River is known as the Paraná do Canumã). Through the Paraná Urariá it is also connected to several other smaller rivers and ultimately Paraná do Ramos (mean annual discharge 2930 m$^3$/s) which is a side channel of the Amazon River itself. The Canumã has its source at the confluence of the Acari and Sucunduri Rivers. The latter and Canumã can be considered as the upper and lower sections of a single river, in which case it is known as the Canumã-Sucunduri.
# Bohumil Jílek

Bohumil Jílek (17 October 1892 – 3 August 1963) was a Czechoslovak politician.

## Life

Jílek was born in Deštná in the Jindřichův Hradec District, the son of Jan Jílek, a local policeman, and his wife Františka née Vosolová.
From 1925 to 1929 he was General Secretary of the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia. Deposed by Klement Gottwald, he joined a new parliamentary club called Communist Party of Czechoslovakia (Leninists).
He then worked as a journalist. After 1948, he left for France and later emigrated to the United States. He died in 1963 in New York City.
# Gerger, Iran

Gerger or Gar Gar (Persian: گرگر) in Iran may refer to:
* Gerger-e Olya
* Gerger-e Sofla, Kurdistan
# Mertert

Mertert (Luxembourgish: Mäertert) is a commune and town in eastern Luxembourg, on the border with Germany. It is part of the canton of Grevenmacher. The commune consists of the towns of Mertert and Wasserbillig. Mertert has a river port on the Moselle, the largest in Luxembourg. The commune's administrative centre is Wasserbillig.
As of 2024, the town of Mertert, which lies in the south of the commune, has a population of 1,861.

## Notable people

* Pierre Frieden (1892–1959), a Luxembourg politician and writer; the 17th Prime Minister of Luxembourg in 1958/1959.
* Jacques Santer (born 1937 in Wasserbillig), a Luxembourgish politician; the 20th Prime Minister of Luxembourg, 1984/1995 and the 9th President of the European Commission, 1995/1999
* General Mario Daubenfeld (born 1958 in Wasserbillig), a Luxembourgish soldier and a former Chief of Defence
# Mikhail Pokpov

Mikhail Danilovich Pokpov (Russian: Михаил Данилович Попков; 14 November 1924 – 23 August 2023) was a Soviet-Russian military officer and politician. A member of the Communist Party, he served in the Soviet of Nationalities from 1984 to 1989. Awarded the Order of the Red Star (1944).
Mikhail was born on November 14, 1924 in the village of Astapova-Sloboda, Yukhnovsky District, Kaluga Oblast.
Pokpov died in Moscow on 23 August 2023, at the age of 98.

## Family

Father – Daniil Filippovich Popkov (1899–1943). Mother – Tatyana Ivanovna Popkova (1900–1987). Brothers – Victor Danilovich Popkov (1932–1989), Nikolai Danilovich Popkov.
# Kim Myong-sik (politician)

Kim Myong-sik (Korean: 김명식) is a North Korean officer; he served as the commander of the Korean People's Navy.

## Biography

Although his past life is unknown, it was confirmed in July 2009 that he became the commander of the East Sea Fleet. He was promoted to lieutenant general of the People's Army in February 2012, but was demoted to major general in March 2013, and was promoted to lieutenant general again a month later. From April 2013 to April 2015, he served as commander of the Korean People's Navy. While serving as a naval commander, he was promoted in May 2014, but was demoted to major general again in May 2016. Since March 2016, he has served as deputy chief of the General Staff Department of the Korean People's Army. In 2019 he was elected to the 14th convocation of the Supreme People's Assembly. In 2017 he was promoted to admiral, re-appointed naval commander, and promoted to a member of the Party Central Committee. He was promoted to admiral in 2019 and attended the 70th anniversary ceremony of the Chinese People's Liberation Army Navy in Qingdao on April 23. On October 10, 2020, he led a navy parade column during the parade to celebrate the 75th anniversary of the founding of the Workers' Party of Korea. He retired from the post of naval commander at the 1st enlarged meeting of the 8th Central Military Commission of the Workers' Party of Korea held on February 24, 2021 and was replaced by Kim Song-gil. In July 2021, he was demoted but returned to general rank in April 2022.

## Awards and honors

A picture of Kim shows him wearing the ribbons to all decorations awarded to him.
# Ravand-e Olya

Ravand-e Olya (Persian: راوندعليا or روندعليا) may refer to:
* Ravand-e Olya, Hamadan (راوندعليا - Rāvand-e ‘Olyā)
* Ravand-e Olya, West Azerbaijan (روندعليا - Ravand-e ‘Olyā)
# Sky Shield (disambiguation)

Sky Shield is an Israeli airborne electronic warfare system.
Sky Shield or Skyshield may also refer to:
* The European Sky Shield Initiative (ESSI), a projected ground-based integrated European air defence system
* Skyshield, a Swiss short range air defense (SHORAD) system
* Operation Sky Shield, a series of US air defense exercises conducted between 1960 and 1962
# Baldin

Baldiny (Russian: Балдин) is a Russian masculine surname; its feminine counterpart is Baldina. It may refer to:
* Aleksander Baldin (born 1984), Estonian swimmer
* Alexander Baldin (physicist) (1926–2001), Russian physicist
* Alyssa Baldin (born 1990), Canadian hockey player
* Irina Baldina (1922–2009), Russian painter
* Lucas Baldin (born 1991), Brazilian football player
* Baldina, South Australia
# Arenys

Arenys, Catalan for "sands (of a seasonal creek)", may refer to:
* Arenys de Mar, municipality in the comarca of Maresme
* Arenys de Munt, municipality in the comarca of Maresme
# ITT

ITT may refer to:

## Communication

* Infantry-Tank Telephone, a device allowing infantrymen to speak to the occupants of armoured vehicles.

## Mathematics

* Intuitionistic type theory, other name of Martin-Löf Type Theory
* Intensional type theory

## Business

* ITT Inc. (formerly International Telephone & Telegraph), US
* Invitation to tender for a contract
* ITT Semiconductors

## Education

* ITT Technical Institute, US
* Former Institute of Technology, Tallaght, Dublin, Ireland
* Institute of Technology, Tralee, Ireland

## Media

* Cousin Itt, of the fictional Addams Family
* "I.T.T (International Thief Thief)", a political screed about ITT Corp. by Fela Kuti

## Medicine

* Insulin tolerance test
* Intention to treat analysis in medicine
* Intermittent testicular torsion

## Sport

* Individual time trial in bicycle racing
# Kouramangui

Kouramangui (Pular: 𞤂𞤫𞤧-𞤯𞤢𞤤𞤭𞥅𞤪𞤫 𞤑𞤵𞤪𞤢-𞤥𞤢𞤱𞤲𞤺𞤭𞤤) is a town and sub-prefecture in the Labé Prefecture in the Labé Region of northern-central Guinea.