OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Adenostyles alpina

Adenostyles alpina is herbaceous perennial plant belonging to the genus Adenostyles of the family Asteraceae. It is native to the Alps and southern Europe.

## Description

This plant grows to a height of about 60 centimetres (24 in). The inflorescence consists of dense corymbs hold by hairy peduncles. The small heads are usually composed of 3 to 4 flowers. The receptacle (the part that collects and maintains individual flowers) is naked or hairless. The flowers are of a tubular type and hermaphroditic. The corolla is cylindrical and pink violet. The length of the flower is of 7–8 mm. The period of flowering is from June until August.
Basal leaves are large, kidney-shaped, leaf margin is toothed. The leaves are glabrous on both sides. Size of leaves at the base: width 12–14 centimetres (4.7–5.5 in), length 10–11 centimetres (3.9–4.3 in). Cauline leaves are arranged in alternating fashion with successively smaller size and are petiolated. Size of lower cauline leaves: width 10–14 centimetres (3.9–5.5 in), length 6–8 centimetres (2.4–3.1 in).
| Inflorescence of Adenostyles alpina | Leaf of Adenostyles alpina |

## Distribution and habitat

Adenostyles glabra Is native to the mountains of southern Europe and to the Alps, ranging from Spain to Germany and Albania. The preferred habitat of this species is moist and shady places from 300–1,200 metres (980–3,940 ft) elevation.

## Subspecies

Four subspecies are accepted.
* Adenostyles alpina subsp. alpina – Alps to Albania
* Adenostyles alpina subsp. macrocephala (Huter, Porta & Rigo) Dillenb. & Kadereit – Italy
* Adenostyles alpina subsp. nebrodensis (Wagenitz & I.Müll.) Greuter – Sicily
* Adenostyles alpina subsp. pyrenaica (Lange) Dillenb. & Kadereit – western and Central Pyrenees and northern Spain
# Gregg Juarez

Gregg Juarez (January 9, 1924 – May 26, 2018) was an American art dealer who has been the proprietor of a series of galleries in both Europe and the United States, as well as a noted philanthropist. A native Californian, he was a ninth-generation member of a family which predates California becoming part of the United States. His family were the participants in the first recorded marriage in Mission Santa Barbara in the 18th century. Over the years Juarez has owned galleries in Beverly Hills, Paris and Palm Beach, Florida. As a philanthropist he was a patron of both Pepperdine University and Scripps Health. Juarez resided in Carlsbad, California, in a large pink house overlooking Batiquitos Lagoon, which was filled with his personal collection of artwork, including pieces by artists such as by Auguste Rodin, Joan Miró, Marc Chagall.
# Augustus Charles Hobart-Hampden

Augustus Charles Hobart-Hampden (1 April 1822 – 19 June 1886) was an English-born Ottoman admiral (hence widely known as Hobart Pasha).

## Biography

Hobart-Hampden was born at Walton-on the-Wolds in Leicestershire, the third son of the 6th Earl of Buckinghamshire.
In his youth, he was educated at King Edward VI Grammar School, Louth, Lincolnshire.
In 1835 he entered the Royal Navy and served as a midshipman on the coast of Brazil in the suppression of the slave trade, displaying much gallantry in the operations. In 1842 he passed his examinations at Dartmouth Naval College. In 1855 he took part, as captain of HMS Driver in the Baltic Expedition, and was actively engaged at Bomarsund and Åbo.As a reward he was promoted to the rank of commander.
In 1862 he retired from the navy with the rank of Captain but his love of adventure led him, during the American Civil War, to take the command of a blockade runner. He had the good fortune to run the blockade eighteen times, conveying war material to Charleston and returning with a cargo of cotton.
In 1867 he became “naval adviser to the Ottoman Sultan by his brother's recommendation.” He was immediately nominated to the command of that fleet, with the rank of "Bahriye Livasi" (rear-admiral). In this capacity he performed splendid service in helping to suppress the insurrection in Crete, and was rewarded by the Sultan with the title of Pasha (1869). In 1874 Hobart, whose name had, on representations made by Greece, been removed from the British Navy Directory, was reinstated; his restoration did not, however, last long, for on the outbreak of the Russo-Turkish war he again entered Ottoman service.
On the conclusion of peace Hobart still remained in Ottoman service, and in 1881 was appointed Mushir, or marshal, being the first Christian to hold that high office. He died at Milan on 19 June 1886 and was brought to Istanbul and buried at English Cemetery in Selimiye.
He recorded his adventures in the book Never Caught, published in 1867.
# Altacit global

Altacit global is an Indian law firm founded in 2003, It is headquartered in Chennai India. The firm's practice areas include corporate law, real estate, emerging areas, family law, franchising law and intellectual property among others It is an ISO-registered firm.

## History

The law firm was founded by Dr Sudhir Ravindran in 2003 who is an Attorney-at-Law and Solicitor (England & Wales). He holds 2 master’s degrees in engineering and law from the University of Warwick, UK. He earned a PhD in Intellectual Property Risk Management from NALSAR University. He has worked in Corporate and IT law. Under his leadership, the firm has grown to provide a wide range of legal solutions, particularly in intellectual property and corporate sectors.

## Locations

The firm has 5 offices at Chennai, Bangalore, Coimbatore, Hyderabad and Cochin.

## Notable Deals

They advised Westinghouse on intellectual property portfolio management and oversaw the monitoring of conflicting trademarks and implemented protective actions for them globally.
They also provided advisory services to CY Myutec Anand Private Limited in securing patent protections filings for their innovative technologies within India.
In 2024, they provided pro bono legal service to One Tree Planted, an NGO in collaboration with Thomson Reuters Foundation, on drone usage regulations across India, conducting comparative research on registration and operational requirements to support compliance with local laws.

## Awards

The law firm has been recognized by international legal directories among law firms and legal professionals in India.
* It was ranked in Top 50 Forbes legal power list in 2020 for the Media & Broadcasting and Intellectual Property category
* ALB Asia IP ranked 2 in 2023 at the Tier 3 Category
* Ranked Band 2 for Corporate and Commercial Law in Chennai, India by Chambers and Partners (Asia-Pacific 2024)
* Conferred with Trust Law Award in the Pro Bono category for providing free legal services to One Tree Planted NGO.
# Coloconger cadenati

Coloconger cadenati is an eel in the family Colocongridae (worm eels/short-tail eels). It was described by Robert H. Kanazawa in 1961. It is a marine, deep-water dwelling eel which is known from Senegal to the Gulf of Guinea in the eastern Atlantic Ocean. It is known from a depth range of 270–600 m. Males can reach a maximum total length of 90 cm. The diet of C. cadenati consists primarily of benthic crustaceans.

## Etymology

The eel is named in honor of ichthyologist Jean Cadenat (1908-1992), who was the Director of the Marine Biological Section of the Institut Français d’Afrique Noire in Gorée, Senegal, who supplied the type specimen.
# Takeshi Yamaguchi

Takeshi Yamaguchi (山口 武士, Yamaguchi Takeshi, born June 10, 1979) is a former Japanese football player.

## Playing career

Yamaguchi was born in Kumamoto on June 10, 1979. After graduating from high school, he joined J1 League club Kashima Antlers in 1998. However he could not play at all in the match until 2001. Although he also played for J2 League club Oita Trinita in 2000, he could not play at all in the match. In 2002, he moved to Japan Football League (JFL) club Sony Sendai. He played many matches in 3 seasons. In 2005, he moved to his local club Rosso Kumamoto (later Roasso Kumamoto) in Regional Leagues. He played as regular player and the club was promoted to JFL from 2006. In 2007, the club won the 2nd place and was promoted to J2 from 2008. However his opportunity to play decreased from 2008 and retired end of 2009 season.

## Club statistics

| Club performance | Club performance | Club performance | League | League | Cup | Cup | League Cup | League Cup | Total | Total |
| Season | Club | League | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals |
| Japan | Japan | Japan | League | League | Emperor's Cup | Emperor's Cup | J.League Cup | J.League Cup | Total | Total |
| 1998 | Kashima Antlers | J1 League | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 1999 | Kashima Antlers | J1 League | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 2000 | Oita Trinita | J2 League | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 2001 | Kashima Antlers | J1 League | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 2002 | Sony Sendai | Football League | 16 | 3 | 1 | 0 | - | - | 17 | 3 |
| 2003 | Sony Sendai | Football League | 18 | 0 | 0 | 0 | - | - | 18 | 0 |
| 2004 | Sony Sendai | Football League | 24 | 0 | 0 | 0 | - | - | 24 | 0 |
| 2005 | Rosso Kumamoto | Regional Leagues | 17 | 4 | 1 | 0 | - | - | 18 | 4 |
| 2006 | Rosso Kumamoto | Football League | 22 | 0 | 3 | 0 | - | - | 25 | 0 |
| 2007 | Rosso Kumamoto | Football League | 20 | 2 | 0 | 0 | - | - | 20 | 2 |
| 2008 | Roasso Kumamoto | J2 League | 18 | 1 | 0 | 0 | - | - | 18 | 1 |
| 2009 | Roasso Kumamoto | J2 League | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | - | - | 2 | 1 |
| Total | Total | Total | 137 | 11 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 142 | 11 |
# Morteza Poursamadi

Morteza Poursamadi (Persian: مرتضی پورصمدی; 9 October 1952 – 2 September 2023) was an Iranian cinematographer.

## Biography

Poursamadi was born in Hamadan on 9 October 1952. He graduated from the cinematography department of the Higher School of Television and Cinema. He died on 2 September 2023, at the age of 70.
# South Wales, New York

South Wales is a hamlet in the towns of Aurora and Wales in Erie County, New York, United States.
WGRZ's broadcast tower and in-house weather radar are based in the hamlet.
The Gow School is located in South Wales.

## Notable people

* Wally Schang, former baseball catcher and member of the New York Yankees' first World Series title team in 1923.
* Frank Wright, Olympic sport shooter
# Ch'oe Ŭi

Ch'oe Ŭi (Korean: 최의; Hanja: 崔竩; 1233–1258) was the fourth and last Ch'oe dictator of the Ubong Ch'oe Military regime.

## Biography

When he was born in 1233, his father was a monk. In 1257, Ch'oe Ŭi became military leader of Goryeo after his father's death. He was known for his handsome appearance, quiet demeanor, and reticent personality, as well as for being very shy. Although his mother was a servant, since Choi Hang's legitimate wife had no children, he was chosen to continue the family line. In his youth, he studied poetry and calligraphy under Ye Gi (芮起), politics under Gwon Wi (權韙) and Im Ik (任翊), and ceremonial rites under Jeong Se-sin (鄭世臣).
In 1255 (the 42nd year of King Gojong's reign), he was appointed Jeonjungnaegupsa (殿中內給事, a court official). When his father died in 1257, Seon In-yeol (宣仁烈), Yu Neung (柳能), and others, along with Jeon Jeon (殿前) and Choi Yang-baek (崔良伯), gathered forces such as the Yabyeolcho (夜別抄), Shinuigun (神義軍), and Seobang Sambon (書房三番) to protect him, ensuring that he succeeded his father's power. As a result, the king appointed him Chajanggun (借將軍, a rank of general) and allowed him to inherit the title of Gyojeong Byeolgam (敎定別監, a high-ranking official). To win the hearts of the people, he opened the granaries and provided relief to the starving population. He also donated 2,570 seok of rice to the royal granary and, due to a poor harvest, opened his own warehouse to provide relief to officials like the Gwonmudaejeong (權務隊正), Geunjang Jwauwi (近仗左右衛), Shinhogwi Kyowi (神虎衛校尉), and the common people. That same year, he was appointed Ubu Seungseon (右副承宣, Vice Minister of the Right).
Although he initially made efforts to gain public support, he failed to secure the backing of the senior officials due to his low birth status as the son of a servant. Moreover, the good governance of his early reign did not last long. In 1258, he appointed General Byeon Sik (邊軾) and Nangjang (郎將) An Hong-min (安洪敏) as Ganghwa Suhwek-sa (江華收獲使, officials responsible for collecting harvests in Ganghwa), and they engaged in plunder. He also granted his servant, Yi Gong-ju (李公柱), the position of Nangjang (郎將, a military officer), among other corrupt practices. He disregarded wise scholars and trusted only his frivolous associates like Choi Yang-baek (崔良伯) and Yu Neung (柳能). When famine struck, he failed to provide relief and lost the support of the people.
As a result, Byeoljang (別將, a military officer) Kim Jun (金俊), Doryeong Nangjang (都領郎將) Im Yeon (林衍), and Daesaseong (大司成, a high-ranking academic official) Yu Gyeong (柳璥) led a coup, attacking his residence with the Yabyeolcho forces and killing him. This marked the end of the Choi family's military regime, which had lasted for about 60 years over four generations.

## Family

* Father: Ch'oe Hang (최항; 1209 – 17 May 1257)
** Grandfather: Ch'oe U (최우; 1166 – 10 December 1249)
** Grandmother: Seo Ryeon-bang (서련방)
* Mother: Unnamed concubine
* Wives:
** Lady Yi of the Inju Yi clan (부인 인주 이씨) – No issue.
** Lady Sim Kyŏng (심경) – No issue.

## In popular culture

* Portrayed by Baek Jong-Min in the 2012 MBC TV series God of War.
# Valery Lagunov

Valery Stepanovich Lagunov (Russian: Валерий Степанович Лагунов; 2 June 1942 – 18 December 2023) was a Soviet and Russian ballet dancer and choreographer.

## Biography

Valery Stepanovich Lagunov was born in Moscow, Russian SFSR, USSR. In 1962 he graduated from the Moscow State Choreographic Academy where his teacher was Aleksey Yermolayev, and same year joined Bolshoi Ballet. He first appeared in Scriabiniana as Garland in 1962 and next year played in The Sleeping Beauty as Prince. In 1966 he played one of the shepherd boys in the Nutcracker and five years later appeared as Archon in Icarus. In 1972 he participated in the Swan Lake where he played a role of the evil genius and the same year played a role as a dance teacher in Cinderella. Three years later he appeared as Albrecht in Giselle and by 1976 had played in Mozart and Salieri. The same year he was named Honored Artist of the RSFSR and also appeared as Don Juan in Love for Love.
In 1979, he graduated from the Russian University of Theatre Arts and retired as a dancer in 1983. Since 1996, he had taught future ballet dancers, such as Mikhail Lobukhin and Vladislav Lantratov. Lagunov died on 18 December 2023, at the age of 81.
# Firearms (Increased Penalties) Act 1971

The Firearms (Increased Penalties) Act 1971 (Malay: Akta Senjata Api (Penalti Lebih Berat) 1971), is a Malaysian laws which enacted to provide increased penalties for the use of firearms in the commission of certain offences and for certain offences relating to firearms, and to make special provision relating to the jurisdiction of courts in respect of offences thereunder and their trial.

## Structure

The Firearms (Increased Penalties) Act 1971, in its current form (1 January 2006), consists of 12 sections and 1 schedule (including 5 amendments), without separate Part.
* Section 1: Short title, application, commencement and duration
* Section 2: Interpretation
* Section 3: Penalty for discharging a firearm in the commission of a scheduled offence
* Section 3A: Penalty for accomplices in case of discharge of firearm
* Section 4: Penalty for exhibiting a firearm in the commission of a scheduled offence
* Section 5: Penalty for having firearm in the commission of a scheduled offence
* Section 6: Penalty for exhibiting an imitation firearm in the commission of a scheduled offence
* Section 7: Penalty for trafficking in firearms
* Section 8: Penalty for unlawful possession of firearms
* Section 9: Penalty for consorting with persons carrying arms
* Section 10: Jurisdiction of Sessions Court
* Section 11: Special provisions relating to transmission of a case to, and trial by, the High Court
* Section 12: No bail to be granted in respect of offences under this Act
* Schedule
# Eino Saastamoinen

Kaarlo Eino "Stigi" Saastamoinen (9 October 1887 – 4 December 1946) was a Finnish gymnast. He was the flag bearer for Finland at the 1912 Summer Olympics, where he won a team silver medal.
# Sachith Peiris

Sachith Peiris (Sinhala: සචිත් පීරිස්; born October 4, 1986) is a Sri Lankan award-winning music director, playback singer and a video director.

## Career

Peiris's career began in 2005. His first chart-topping hit song, "Namal Mitak" sung by Randhir Witana, became a new hope for the Sri Lankan music industry.
Peiris joined SaReGaMa Productions in 2005 and became its CEO, making it the number one music production house in the country.

## Awards

His work has been nominated for several national and international awards.
* Sumathi Sammana 2011 - Gold award for Lanwa Steel Corporation TVC in the best commercial category
* Effies Awards - Pass it On When Your Done with It silver award (Sri Lanka Eye Donation awareness video )
* 7+ 2009 - Best TVC for Mobitel Kiri Ammawaru (chosen among 100,000 commercials worldwide)
* Spikes Singapore 2009 - Finalist - Mobitel Kiri Ammawaru Sumathi Sammana 2009 - Gold for Mobitel Kin Ammawaru Reggies 2007 - Best Original Composition for Hilton Kottu Song
* Chillies 2009 - Silver Award for best TV commercial for Mobitel Kiri Ammawaru
* Chillies 2008 Bronze Award for best TV commercial for Mobitel Thematic

## Music productions and songs

He had the chance of working closely with Hariharan with his projects, "Jathika Govi Geethaya" written by Wasantha Dukgannarala and sung by many senior Sri Lankan artists such as Bathiya and Santhush, Iraj Weeraratne, Nirosha Virajini, Athula Adhikari, Rohana Baddage, Wasantha Dukgannarala and Gayantha with Sachith.
Sachith's commercial music productions:
* South Asian Beach Games 2011 theme song
* Hiru Fm, Y Fm, Sooriyan Fm, Neth Fm and V Fm station jingles
* Ceat Cricket Awards 2010 theme song
* Sirasa TV One Nation One Cup World Cup song
* Swarnawahini Mega Star theme song
* Re Mix Song (Rani Mukherji) - Sachith
* Govi Geethaya
* Namal Mitak - Randhir Withana
* Madu Suwandak - Umara and Sachith
* Sihine - Prathap, Shamir and Sachith
* Parana Nadagam - Sachith ft. Umara
# Marat Fjord

Marat Fjord (Russian: Фьорд Марата, Fiord Marata), is a fjord in Severnaya Zemlya, Krasnoyarsk Krai, Russia. It is blocked by ice most of the year.

## History

Although the shore of the island further north had been visited by Boris Vilkitsky's Arctic Ocean Hydrographic Expedition in 1913, Vilkitsky surveyed the eastern shores of what is now known as Severnaya Zemlya in a fragmentary way —he did not explore the Shokalsky Strait and assumed that the whole of Severnaya Zemlya was one single landmass.
This fjord was first surveyed and put in the map at the time of the 1931 expedition led by Soviet researchers Georgy Ushakov and Nikolay Urvantsev that explored for the first time Severnaya Zemlya. The fjord was named after prominent revolutionary figure Jean-Paul Marat (1743–1793). As in Matusevich Fjord further north, more accurate cartographic work of the fjord area was carried out by the 1950 expedition led by B.V. Zubov and A.I. Stepanov AI using aerial photography.

## Geography

Marat Fjord is one of the smaller fjords of Severnaya Zemlya. It has its mouth in the southeastern area of October Revolution Island, southwest of Cape Afonin on the Shokalsky Strait shore of the island. Storozhevoy Island lies off the mouth of the fjord to the east of small Bear Bay.
The fjord extends in a northwest/southeast direction for about 24 km (15 mi). The basin inside the fjord is fairly wide and regular, with steep mountains on both sides. At its inner end there is the terminus of an active glacier flowing from the massive Karpinsky Glacier in the northwest. Other active glaciers stemming from the University Glacier in the southwest flow into the western shore of the fjord forming icefalls in certain areas. The outpouring of the glaciers at the head results in a substantial amount of ice streaming out of the fjord the whole year round.
# Ab Bidak

Ab Bidak (Persian: اب بيدك) may refer to:
* Ab Bidak, Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari
* Ab Bidak, Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad
* Ab Bidak, Fars
# Abraham Mapu

Abraham Mapu (Lithuanian: Abraomas Mapu; 1808 in Vilijampolė, Kaunas – 1867 in Königsberg, Prussia) was a Lithuanian novelist. He wrote in Hebrew as part of the Haskalah (enlightenment) movement. His novels, with their lively plots encompassing heroism, adventure and romantic love in Biblical settings, contributed to the rise of the Zionist movement.

## Biography

Born into a Jewish family, as a child Mapu studied in a cheder where his father served as a teacher. He married in 1825.
For many years he was an impoverished, itinerant schoolmaster. Mapu gained financial security when he was appointed teacher in a government school for Jewish children. He worked as a teacher in various towns and cities, joined the Haskalah movement, and studied German, French and Russian. He also studied Latin from a translation of the Bible to that language, given to him by his local rabbi.
He returned in 1848 to Kaunas and self-published his first historical novel, Ahavat Zion. This is considered one of the first Hebrew novels. He began work on it in 1830 but completed it only in 1853. Unable to fully subsist on his book sales, he relied on the support of his brother, Matisyahu. In 1867 he moved to Königsberg due to illness, published his last book, Amon Pedagogue (Amon means something like Mentor), and died there.

## Evaluation

Mapu is considered to be the first Hebrew novelist. Influenced by French Romanticism, he wrote intricately plotted stories about life in ancient Israel, which he contrasted favourably with 19th-century Jewish life. His style is fresh and poetic, almost Biblical in its simple grandeur.

## Legacy

The romantic-nationalistic ideas in his novels later inspired David Ben-Gurion and others active in the leadership of the modern Zionist movement that led to the establishment of the state of Israel. The American Hebrew poet, Gabriel Preil, references Mapu in one of his works and focuses on the two writers' native Lithuania.

## Novels

* Ahavat Zion (1853) (Amnon, Prince and Peasant, translated by F. Jaffe, 1887); (In the Days of Isaiah, translated by B.A.M. Schapiro, 1902 and republished in 1922 and 1930 as The Shepherd Prince); (The Sorrows of Noma, translated by J. Marymont, 1919)
* Ayit Tzavua (1858) (Hypocrite Eagle)
* Ashmat Shomron (1865) (Guilt of Samaria)

## Commemorations

Streets bearing his name are found in the Kaunas Old Town and in the Israeli cities of Jerusalem, Tel Aviv, and Kiriat Ata. A well-known Israeli novel called "The Children from Mapu Street" ("הילדים מרחוב מאפו") also celebrates his name. In Kaunas A. Mapu Street a joyful statue of A. Mapu with a book in his hand was established by the sculptor Martynas Gaubas in 2019.
# Victor Lindgren

Victor Claes Rickard Lindgren (born 16 May 2003) is a Swedish sports shooter. He won the gold medal in the 10m air rifle event at the 2023 ISSF World Shooting Championships. He won the silver medal in the 10m air rifle event at the 2024 Summer Olympics.

## Biography

Lindgren was born and raised in Sjöbo, Sweden. He moved to Sävsjö to attend the sports shooting programme at Riksidrottsgymnasiet, a sports-specialized high school.
# Anna Mudeka

Anna Mudeka is a Zimbabwean-British musician, business executive and music festival organizer. She is the organizer of the Southburgh Festival of World Music in Southburgh in the Breckland district of mid-Norfolk, East Anglia, England. Also some local festivities.
The festival raises money for the Mudeka Foundation, a charity that seeks "... to provide orphans in Zimbabwe with an opportunity for an education."
# Fene (disambiguation)

Fene may also refer to:
* Fene, Galicia— a municipality in the province of A Coruña, in the autonomous community of Galicia, in northwestern Spain
* FENE model, the finitely extensible nonlinear elastic model of a long-chained polymer
* Fene, the Hungarian demon of illness