OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Cristallo

Cristallo is a glass that is totally clear (like rock crystal), without the slight yellow or greenish color originating from iron oxide impurities. This effect is achieved through small additions of manganese oxide. Cristallo often has a low lime content, which makes it prone to glass corrosion (otherwise known as glass disease).
The invention of Cristallo glass is attributed to Angelo Barovier around 1450.

## Materials

In addition to common glass making materials, manganese, quartz pebbles, and alume catino, a particularly suitable form of soda ash, are used in the making of cristallo glass.
Rather than using common sand, crushed quartz pebbles were used instead. The quartz pebbles were typically from the Ticino and the Adige rivers. The quartz pebbles went through a rigorous screening process before being selected for use in cristallo production. The quartz pebbles had to be free of yellow and black veins and also had to be able to produce sparks when struck with steel.
The quartz pebbles which passed the selection process were heated to the point where the stones began to glow, then placed into cold water. Then the pebbles were crushed and ground.
The typical flux used in the production of cristallo was called alume catino. Alume catino was derived from the ash of the salsola soda and salsola kali bushes that grew in the Levantine coastal region. It was found to contain high and constant amounts of sodium and calcium carbonates, necessary to make workable and chemically stable glass.
The ash of the plants was carefully sieved and placed into water to be gently boiled with constant mixing. Then the ashen mixture was placed into shallow pans to be dried. The alume catino would repeatedly undergo the boiling and drying process until all of the salt was extracted from the ashes.

## Process

The crushed and ground quartz was mixed with the purified alume catino and constantly mixed at high temperatures. The top of the molten batch would then be skimmed off. By skimming the top of the molten glass, unreacted and undissolved chlorides and sulfates in the mixture were removed.
The molten glass would then be ladled into vats of water. The water removed chloride and sulfate impurities from the mixture. The process of remelting and placing the molten mixture into vats of water was repeated several times until the glass-makers were satisfied.
Next the glass was placed into a furnace that was heated to the highest temperature possible and left there for several days. The material was stirred continually to eliminate defects, such as bubbles.
Then the refined mixture was taken, heated, and shaped into blocks called frit. The frit was then taken and remelted and skimmed once again in order to remove impurities. The batch then had manganese added to the mixture at this time, helping rid the cristallo of any color tints. This step was repeated until the glass-makers were satisfied.
Afterward, the molten mixture was ready to be shaped by glass-makers into pieces of cristalloware.
# Football at the Cerebral Palsy Games

Football at the Cerebral Palsy Games is an event of CP football at the Cerebral Palsy Games.
Cerebral Palsy Football, also called 7-a-side football or formerly Paralympic Football, is an adaptation of association football for athletes with cerebral palsy and other neurological disorders, including stroke and traumatic brain injury.
Football at the Cerebral Palsy Games also counted as World Championship.

## History

* 1972 - 1980 (Not in Games Program)
* 1982 - 2005 (Was played in 5 Editions)
* 2005 - 2014 (Games was not held)
* 2015 and 2018 : Was played in U19
* 2018 - 2022 (Games was not held)
* 2023 - Ongoing : Merge With IWAS = Abilitysport

## Results

| Year | Host | Winner | Score | Runner-up | Third place | Score | Fourth place | Number of teams |
| 1982 Details | Greve (CPG) | Ireland | 2–0 | Netherlands | Belgium | no information available | no information available | 8 |
| 1986 Details | Gits (CPG) | Netherlands | 3–0 | Belgium | Ireland | | Portugal | 6 |
| 1997 Details | Delden (CPG) | Russia | | | | | | |
| 2001 Details | Nottingham (CPG) | Ukraine | 3–1 | Russia | Brazil | 2–0 | Iran | 13 |
| 2005 Details | New London (CPG) | Ukraine | no score found | Russia | Iran | 9–0 | Netherlands | 13 |
# Jessica García

Jessica García (born July 12, 1980, in San Juan) is a Puerto Rican judoka who competed in the women's lightweight category. She picked up a total of twenty-one medals in her career, including a prestigious gold from the 2010 Central American and Caribbean Games in Mayagüez, and represented her nation Puerto Rico at the 2004 Summer Olympics.
Garcia qualified as a lone female judoka for the Puerto Rican squad in the women's lightweight class (57 kg) at the 2004 Summer Olympics in Athens, by granting a tripartite invitation from the International Judo Federation. Garcia received a bye in the first round, before she succumbed to an ippon victory and an inner-thigh throw (uchi mata) from German judoka and eventual Olympic champion Yvonne Bönisch just seventeen seconds into her opening match. In the repechage, Garcia gave herself a chance for an Olympic bronze medal, but she was duly wrapped in a scarf hold (kesa gatame) and pinned down the tatami by defending Olympic champion Isabel Fernández of Spain for two minutes and thirty-two seconds during their first playoff of the draft.
When her nation Puerto Rico hosted the 2010 Central American and Caribbean Games in Mayagüez, Garcia reached the pinnacle of her sporting career, as she toppled Venezuela's Ysis Barreto down the tatami on an ippon to claim the women's lightweight judo title.
# Enrique Jaime Ruspoli, 19th Count of Bañares

Don Enrique Jaime Ruspoli y Morenés, Caro y Arteaga, dei Principi Ruspoli (born February 2, 1935) is a Spanish aristocrat, third son of Camilo Ruspoli, 4th Duke of Alcudia and Sueca, and wife Dona María de Belén Morenés y Arteaga, García-Alesson y Echaguë, 18th Countess of Bañares.
He is 19th Count of Bañares with a Coat of Arms of de Zúñiga (Boletín Oficial of March 22, 1995 and Letter of March 30, 1995) and Prince of the Holy Roman Empire. He is a Doctor in Philosophy and a Professor of Philosophy at the Complutense University of Madrid, Gentleman of HH the Pope, Noble Guard, Maestrante of Granada, and Knight of Honour and Devotion of the Sovereign Military Order of Malta.

## Notable published works

* La marca del exilio: La Beltraneja, Cardoso y Godoy. ISBN 9780002452885
* Godoy: La lealtad de un gobernante ilustrado. ISBN 9788484603870
* Memorias de Godoy: Primera edición abreviada de memorias críticas y apologéticas para la historia del reinado del señor D. Carlos IV de Borbón. ISBN 9788497347112
* Casa Señoriales de España. ISBN 8425215935

## Ancestry

Ancestors of Enrique Jaime Ruspoli, 19th Count of Bañares :
# XHRW-FM

XHRW-FM is a radio station on 97.7 FM in Tampico, Tamaulipas, Mexico. It is owned by Grupo AS Comunicación and carries the Los 40 pop format from Radiópolis.

## History

Raul Wertt received the concession for XHRW-FM in 1974 and put the station on the air in 1975. The original concession specified operation on 99.3 MHz (later used by XHETU-FM) with an ERP of three kilowatts. The station was known as Stereo 99 and later Estéreo Ritmo. In 1990, the station moved to 97.7 MHz, rebranding as Super Stereo 98 in 1997. In 2001, the station changed its name, continuing in the pop format, to Arroba 97.7. In 2005, the Los 40 Principales format that had been broadcast on XHHF-FM 96.9 moved to XHRW-FM.
# Zastava M87

The Zastava M87 (Serbian: Застава М87) is a heavy machine gun produced by Zastava Arms in Yugoslavia and later Serbia. The M87 is a copy of the Soviet NSV heavy machine gun. It is intended for anti-aircraft duties, but it also used for action against ground and maritime targets at long distances.

## Users

* Bangladesh
* Liberia
* Serbia
* https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Croatia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Croatia.svg.pngCroatia

### Former users

* Serbia and Montenegro
* Yugoslavia
# Camp Rilea

Camp Rilea Armed Forces Training Center is an Oregon Military Department base. It dates to 1927 when it was known as Camp Clatsop. It is located on the Oregon Coast in Warrenton and is primarily used by the United States Air Force and the United States Army. It is also home to Camp Rilea Heliport.

## Overview

The base is home to the 116th Air Control Squadron. The 116th ACS is a deployable airspace command & control unit with radar and communications capabilities. They have been deployed temporarily to Operation Enduring Freedom in 2006, Qatar in 2011, and Southwest Asia in 2015.
Additionally, Camp Rilea hosts soldiers from other units of both the Oregon Air National Guard and the Oregon Army National Guard, as well as personnel from Joint Base Lewis–McChord, for various training exercises.
Camp Rilea is used for training by local law enforcement and SWAT teams, Civil Air Patrol, and the Boy Scouts of America.
Camp Rilea is home to a MOUT site, a mock city used for urban warfare training. It is also home to campgrounds available to members of the armed forces as well as a Starbase, a Department of Defense Education Activity program.
Also, Camp Rilea is home to thethree-course challenge, a cross-country meet with a unique difficulty-based course instead of the typical varsity, junior varsity, and frosh heat system.

## History

The camp was initially established as Camp Clatsop in 1927 as a summer training area for the Oregon National Guard. In 1959, it was renamed Camp Rilea, after Major general Thomas E. Rilea, the Adjutant General of Oregon.
In 1940, the camp was federalized for World War II. It was returned to the state in 1947.

## Gallery

* Soldiers participating in a disaster drill
# Indian Labour Corps

The Indian Labour Corps was a labour corps recruited from the British Raj during World War I. Recruitment began on a voluntary basis in 1915, but by 1917 the British Government was requiring that localities provide quotas of men. The corps undertook construction duties around the world during the war with the workers frequently enduring difficult conditions. It was disbanded in 1921.

## History

Prior to World War I, the British Indian Army regularly used 'Coolie Corps' to support its operations within the Raj and overseas. During World War I, similar formations were raised as the Indian Labour Corps (ILC) and the Porter Corps (PC). Members of the ILC and PC were enlisted under the terms of the Indian Army Act.
Two ILC units were raised in 1915 to participate in the Gallipoli Campaign. They were diverted to support the Mesopotamian Campaign, and other ILC units served in Persia and the Salonika Campaign in Greece.
The British Indian Government agreed in 1917 to send 50,000 ILC workers to France. ILC contingents began arriving there in June that year. Tasks undertaken by the workers in France included digging trenches and building roads, at times within artillery range of German forces.
ILC contingents remained in Mesopotamia and Persia after the war ended.
Workers in ILC units typically endured difficult conditions. These included long hours and hard physical work. Conditions in Mesopotamia were particularly unpleasant.
The ILC was disbanded in 1921. The names of 1,174 men who died while serving with the corps are commemorated on the India Gate memorial in New Delhi.

## Recruitment

Recruitment for the ILC and PC was initially undertaken on a voluntary basis, but this failed to produce enough men and the British Government believed that the recruits were not of sufficient quality. In 1916, 16,000 prisoners who were being held in jails were used to form ILC and PC units for service in Mesopotamia. By 1917 recruitment included enforcing quotas on regions. For instance, in 1916 the British authorities demanded that each village in the Naga Hills provide a set number of men for the ILC. The quota policy led to uprisings.
ILC workers were recruited for a fixed period. However, many found it difficult to return to India when this period ended.
# Gladden (name)

Gladden is both a surname and a given name. Notable people with the name include:

## Surname

* Adley H. Gladden (1810–1862), Confederate brigadier general in the American Civil War
* Alicia Gladden (1985–2013), American women's basketball player
* Eddie Gladden (1937-2003), American jazz drummer
* Dan Gladden (born 1957), American former Major League Baseball player
* Lisa Gladden (born 1964), American politician
* Lynn Gladden, British chemical engineer
* Mack Gladden (1909–1985), American football player and coach
* Texas Gladden (1895-1967), American folk singer
* Washington Gladden (1836-1918), American Congregational church pastor

## Given name

* Gladden Bishop (1809—1864), a minor leader in the Latter Day Saint movement
* Gladden Dye (born c. 1934), former head football coach of the Northwest Missouri State University Bearcats
* Gladden James (1888–1948), American film actor
# St. Mark's Episcopal Church (Beaver Dam, Wisconsin)

Old St. Mark's Episcopal Church building is located in Beaver Dam, Wisconsin and was built in 1858. The congregation moved to the present site on East Mill Street in 1978, previously used as a Pentecostal church. Old Saint Mark's, on East Maple at North Lincoln Avenue, now a child care facility, was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1980. Saint Mark's Church is part of the Episcopal Diocese of Wisconsin.
# Raqqeh

Raqqeh (Persian: رقه) is a village in, and the capital of, Raqqeh Rural District of Eresk District, Boshruyeh County, South Khorasan province, Iran.

## Demographics
### Population

At the time of the 2006 National Census, the village's population was 1,005 in 274 households, when it was in the former Boshruyeh District of Ferdows County. The following census in 2011 counted 1,066 people in 312 households, by which time the district had been separated from the county in the establishment of Boshruyeh County. The rural district was transferred to the new Eresk District. The 2016 census measured the population of the village as 1,096 people in 350 households. It was the most populous village in its rural district.
# Noushin Ahmadi Khorasani

Noushin Ahmadi is a notable Iranian author, translator, essayist, journalist, women's rights activist and community activist. She is one of the founding members of the One Million Signatures campaign. She was also a founder of Women's Cultural Center. (Markaz-e Farhangi-ye Zanan). The Women's Cultural Center is an "NGO that focuses on women's health, as well as legal issues". Khorasani also wrote several books about the women's movement in Iran. Khorasani was the 2004 winner of the Latifeh Yarshater Award, given by the Persian Heritage Foundation, for a book she co-authored with Parvin Ardalan about the country's first female lawyer, Mehrangiz Manouchehrian, titled "Senator: the Work of Senator Mehrangiz Manouchehrian in the Struggle for Legal Rights for Women".

## Activism

In 2007 she, together with Parvin Ardalan, was sentenced to three years in prison for "threatening the national security." Ahmadi was released on 22 September 2010 after she appeared before the Evin Prison Court "to provide some explanations," and was informed of her charges. Ahmadi was interrogated when she first appeared in court on Tuesday following a summons, and was asked to return the next day to meet with "case analysts." On 23 September, she was informed of her charges of "propagation activities against the regime through: (a) writing and publishing content against the regime on the Feminist School website, and (b) participation in the illegal gatherings after the 2009 elections,". After being informed of her charges, Ahmadi defended herself and she was released to a custodian. She was released until her trial date. Ahmadi's trial was held on 11 March 2012 in Branch 26 of the Islamic revolutionary court. On 9 June 2012, she was sentenced to one year of suspended imprisonment and five years of probation.
# Vérité (political party)

Plateforme Vérité (English: Truth Platform) was a Haitian political party co-founded by former president René Préval. After the 2015-16 legislative elections, Vérité emerged as the second largest party behind only the PHTK, winning 17 seats in the Chamber of Deputies and three in the Senate.
Vérité's candidate for the 2015 presidential election, Jacky Lumarque, at the time the rector of Quisqueya University, was removed from the official ballot by the Conseil Électoral Provisoire (CEP), Haiti's official election body. According to the CEP, they were unable to obtain a document showing that Lumarque had not misused public money during his tenure as a member of a governmental education commission during the presidency of René Préval, although the Court of Auditors held that he did not require such a document, since he was not tasked with the handling of public money as a member of the commission. Citing this, as well as violence against polling stations and voting centers in the first round of the elections, the party decided to withdraw from the second round.
In 2017, the party split over disagreement considering the legitimacy of the presidency of Jovenel Moïse. Several prominent figures within the party decided to stop opposing the Moïse government, reversing the party's prior stance. René Monplaisir, a left-wing figure within the party who was previously a pro-Lavalas figure in Cité Soleil, rejected the decision and maintained his anti-Moïse stance, saying, "Platform Vérité does not exist anymore!" While remnants of the party have continued on, it does not exist in the same configuration that it once did and does not exert the same level of power or influence.
In 2015 the Conseil Électoral Provisoire, Haiti's central election body, accused Vérité of election-day disruptions in the Nord, Ouest, and Sud departments.
# Gardan Tol

Gardan Tol (Persian: گردن تل) may refer to:
* Gardan Tol, Fars
* Gardan Tol, Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad
# Kamran Panjavi

Kamran Panjavi (Persian: کامران پنجوی, born 6 February 1975) is a British-Iranian weightlifter. Born in Iran, he emigrated to the United Kingdom in 1997 and waited several years for citizenship.
At the 2003 World Weightlifting Championships he participated for Great Britain as soon as he obtained his citizenship.
He qualified for Olympic 2004 at the 2004 European Weightlifting Championships in Ukraine, with a total of 255 kg ( the only male lifter) . He competed for Great Britain at the 2004 Summer Olympics, but did not finish due to a back injury.
At the 2005 European Weightlifting Championships he ranked 8th with a total of 260 kg. At the 2005 Commonwealth Championship in Melbourne, Australia he ranked 1st with a total of 261 kg. In 2017 after recovering from back injury, he owns a driving school helping people become safe drivers and is a personal trainer
# Ilkhchi (disambiguation)

Ilkhchi is a city in East Azerbaijan Province, Iran.
Ilkhchi or Ilkhechi (Persian: ايلخچي), also rendered as Ilchi or Ilkhchih or Ilikhchi, may also refer to various places in Iran:
* Ilkhchi, Germ, Ardabil Province
* Ilkhchi, Kowsar, Ardabil Province
* Ilkhchi-ye Olya, Ardabil Province
* Ilkhchi-ye Sofla, Ardabil Province
* Ilkhechi, Hashtrud, East Azerbaijan Province
* Ilkhchi District, in East Azerbaijan Province
* Ilchi-ye Bala, Hormozgan Province
# Brian Ronan

Brian Ronan is a sound designer.

## Awards

Ronan was nominated for two Tony Awards for Best Sound Design in 2011, for The Book of Mormon and Anything Goes, winning for The Book of Mormon. Ronan also won a Drama Desk Award for Outstanding Sound Design in a Musical in 2011 for Anything Goes.
Ronan won both the Tony Award for Best Sound Design and the Drama Desk Award for Outstanding Sound Design in a Musical in 2014, for Beautiful: The Carole King Musical.
# Saint Pimenius

Saint Pimenius, also known as Pigmenius, Pigmentius, and Pigmène (c. 4th century AD – 362) is a saint and martyr venerated in the Catholic Church.

## Life

Pimenius was the tutor of Julian the Apostate, who later became Roman Emperor Julian and tried to revive Rome's traditional state religion. Pimenius ended up coming into conflict with Julian because the former was a Christian. As a result, Julian had Pimenius drowned in the Tiber River in 362 AD. In the Catholic Church, Saint Pimenius is considered a pre-congregation saint, with a memorial on 24 March and a feast day on 2 December.
# Uday Satpathy

Uday Satpathy is an Indian thriller novelist. He is credited with authoring crime thriller Brutal, India's first crowd-curated novel. Satpathy lives in Bangalore, India.

## Fiction writing

Satpathy's first book Brutal, a crime thriller, was published in August, 2015 by Westland Books (a Tata Group publishing venture) and Bloody Good Book (a publishing venture of Rashmi Bansal and Niyati Patel). Brutal became renowned in the Indian publishing industry because of the unique way through which it was selected for publication. Crowd-curation is a concept in publishing where the screening and selection of manuscripts is crowdsourced. Brutal was selected for publication based on open reviews, popularity and critical acclaim for its manuscript on Bloody Good Book's website.

## Personal life

Uday Satpathy is an alumnus of VSSUT, Burla, from where he completed his bachelor's degree in Electrical Engineering with Honours in 2006. He followed it up with a PGDM in 2010 from Xavier Institute of Management, Bhubaneswar. He has worked in Indian IT Companies such as Infosys, Wipro and HCL Technologies, specializing in the Healthcare and Pharmaceutical industry.

## Writing style

Satpathy has been an avid thriller reader since his childhood. His favorite authors are thriller masters Robert Ludlum, Steig Larsson and Michael Connelly. Akin to the writing styles of these authors, Brutal's narrative is racy with well-developed characters, the story often dabbing into global politics and espionage. While reviewing Brutal, Hindustan Times commented that "the author has not shied away from addressing even the Israel-Iran conflict, apart from citing real-life instances and connecting them to the plot, including infamous intelligence agencies like Mossad and RAW." Ravi Subramanian, one of India's renowned thriller novelists hailed Satpathy as "a writer to watch out for in the coming years."
# Ira Delbert Cotnam

Ira Delbert Cotnam (19 December 1883 – 25 February 1966) was a Canadian politician and physician. Cotnam served as a Conservative member of the House of Commons of Canada. He was born in Pontiac County, Quebec and became a physician.
Cotnam attended secondary school at Pembroke Collegiate Institute, then proceeded to Queen's University where he received his medical degrees (MD, CM). His postgraduate work was conducted at hospitals in New York City, Chicago and London. Queen's University awarded him with a gold medal in surgery.
He was first elected to Parliament at the Renfrew North riding in the 1925 general election, winning over Liberal incumbent Matthew McKay after an unsuccessful campaign there in the 1921 election. He was re-elected in 1926 federal election and 1930 federal election. During the decade when Cotnam held Renfrew North, he was challenged by McKay in each election. In the 1935 election, McKay defeated Cotnam to win back the riding. Cotnam made two further unsuccessful attempts to win the seat in 1949 and 1953, when he campaigned as a Progressive Conservative.
# Abibaal

Abibaal (Phoenician: 𐤀𐤁𐤉𐤁𐤏𐤋, romanized: ʾabībaʿl, "My father is Baal") was a king of Tyre in the 10th century BC, father of the famous Hiram I. The only information known about him is derived from two passages in Josephus's Against Apion, i.117 and i.118. All that is said in these passages is that he preceded his son Hiram on the throne of Tyre. Neither his length of reign nor his immediate predecessors are known. The dating of Abibaal is therefore dependent on the dates assigned to his son, and here it is only the date of Abibaal's death that can be determined, based on the information preserved in Josephus regarding the length of time between the founding of Carthage (or from Dido's flight from Tyre) until the first year of Hiram. See the Hiram I article for details on the determination of this date.