OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Hanawon

The Settlement Support Center for North Korean Refugees (Korean: 북한이탈주민정착지원사무소), commonly known as Hanawon (Korean: 하나원; "House of Unity"), is a South Korean facility for the "training for social adaptation" of North Korean defectors, preparing them for life in the South. Three months' stay in this facility is mandatory for all North Koreans arriving in the south, with residents unable to leave of their own free will.

## History

Hanawon opened on 8 July 1999, and is located about an hour south of Seoul in the countryside of Anseong, Gyeonggi Province. In her book Nothing To Envy: Ordinary Lives in North Korea, journalist Barbara Demick describes Hanawon as a cross between a trade school and a halfway house, and describes its purpose as teaching North Koreans how to live on their own in South Korea.
Originally built to accommodate around 200 people for a three-month resettlement program, in 2002 the facility's capacity was doubled to 400. In 2004, to mark the fifth anniversary of the program, a second facility opened south of Seoul.

## Operation

At Hanawon, a three-month curriculum is focused on three main goals: easing the socioeconomic and psychological anxiety of North Korean defectors; overcoming the barriers of cultural heterogeneity; and practical training for earning a livelihood in the South. Refugees relearn the peninsula's history (for example, that the North started the Korean War), and take classes on human rights and the mechanics of democracy. They receive sex education, learn how to use an ATM, pay bills, drive a car, read the Latin alphabet and speak the South Korean dialect. They are taken on field trips to buy clothes, get haircuts, and eat at a food court.
Many refugees have poor teeth from malnutrition. Many also have depression and other psychological problems when they arrive at Hanawon. Thirty percent of female defectors in particular show signs of depression, which analysts attribute to, among other things, having experienced sexual abuse in North Korea, or as refugees in China.
Hanawon imposes heavy restrictions on the travel of North Korean defectors, because of security concerns, with barbed wire, security guards, and cameras. A defector who requested anonymity told The Korea Herald that Hanawon felt somewhat like a jail, since she could not freely go outside.
Upon completion of the Hanawon program, defectors find their own homes with a government subsidy. When Hanawon first opened, North Koreans were offered ₩36 million per person to resettle with ₩540,000 monthly afterward. As of 2018, they receive ₩7–32 million to resettle and ₩13–20 million for housing, both amounts depending on the conditions and size of the household. Following their completion of the Hanawon program, many defectors find additional assistance through civil society organizations, such as Liberty in North Korea, Database Center for North Korean Human Rights, and Saejowi.
# Korday District

Korday (Kazakh: Қордай ауданы, Qordai audany) is a district of Jambyl Region in south-eastern Kazakhstan. The administrative center of the district is the auyl of Korday.
# Sean Jamieson (Canadian football)

Sean Jamieson (born July 12, 1994) is a Canadian professional football offensive linemen. He has played for the Montreal Alouettes of the Canadian Football League (CFL). He won a Grey Cup championship with the Alouettes in 2023.

## University career

Jamieson played U Sports football for the Western Mustangs from 2012 to 2016. He was a CIS First Team All-Canadian in 2014 and 2015.

## Professional career

Jamieson was drafted in the third round, 20th overall, in the 2016 CFL Draft by the Montreal Alouettes and signed with the team on May 25, 2016. He returned to Western University to play his final year of eligibility in 2016 and re-joined the Alouettes in 2017 where he played in his first career game against the Ottawa Redblacks in the Labour Day Classic on August 31, 2017. Jamieson played in eight regular season games during his rookie year in 2017. He played in 16 games in 2018 and then 15 games in 2019. He did not play in 2020 due to the cancellation of the 2020 CFL season. He played in eight games in 2021.
Jamieson suffered a knee injury on June 23, 2022 and missed the next three games. He was activated from the six-game injured reserve list and return to action on July 28, 2022. Later in the season, Jamieson was diagnosed with a torn ACL in mid-October, ending his season.
While still recovering from his ACL injury from 2022, Jamieson began the 2023 season on the six-game injured list. He would ultimately miss the entire regular season and one playoff game due to the injury. However, he dressed as a backup offensive lineman in the Alouettes' victory in the 110th Grey Cup game and Jamieson won his first Grey Cup championship. He was released in the following offseason on January 25, 2024.

## Coaching career

Jamieson joined the University of Western Ontario Western Mustangs football program as an offensive line coach for the 2024 Season.
# County of Guînes

The County of Guînes, was a Flemish fief and later French fief in the Middle Ages.
The county was split from the County of Boulogne in about 988. Though dominated by the larger county of Flanders, it often acted independently. In 1180, Guînes was passed, together with Ardres, Arras and Saint-Omer, to the French crown as part of the dowry of Isabel of Hainaut when she married Philip II of France.

## Counts

* ?-c.965 - Siegfried, Count of Guînes
** Although he never seemed to be formally designated as Count, he is historically referred to as such.
* c.965-? - Ardolf, Count of Guînes
* Raoul, Count of Guînes (son of Ardolf), also known as Ralph or Rodolphe
* Eustace, Count of Guînes (son of Raoul)
* 1065-1091 - Baldwin I, Count of Guînes (son of Eustace), also known as Baudouin
* 1091-1137 - Robert Manasses, Count of Guînes (son of Baldwin I)
* 1138-1141 - Aubrey de Vere - jure uxoris
* 1141-1169 - Arnoul I, Count de Guînes (son of Gisela of Guînes, daughter of Baldwin I)
* 1169-1205 - Baldwin II, Count of Guînes
* 1205-1220 - Arnold II of Guînes
* 1220-1244 - Baldwin III, Count of Guînes
* 1244-? - Arnould III, Count of Guînes
* Baldwin IV, Count of Guînes
* 1294–1302 - John II of Brienne, Count of Guînes
* 1302–1344 - Raoul I of Brienne, Count of Guînes, Constable of France.
* 1344–1350 - Raoul II of Brienne, Count of Guînes, forfeited.
** The county was confiscated by King John II of France in 1350 and later granted to Georges de La Trémoille in 1398.
* 1398–1446 - Georges de La Trémoille
* 1446–1483 - Louis I de La Trémoille
* 1483–1525 - Louis II de la Trémoille
* 1525–1541 - François II de La Trémoille
* 1541–1577 - Louis III de La Trémoille
* 1577–1604 - Claude de La Trémoille
* 1604–1674 - Henri de La Trémoille

## Citations

* 1 2 Ardres 2010, p. 26.
* 1 2 3 Ardres 2010, p. 27.
* ↑ Ardres 2010, p. 30.
* 1 2 3 Ardres 2010.
* ↑ Ardres 2010, p. 28.

## Sources

* Ardres, Lambert of (24 November 2010). The History of the Counts of Guines and Lords of Ardres. University of Pennsylvania Press. ISBN 978-0-8122-0054-6. Retrieved 24 May 2024.
# Luguse

Luguse is a village in Hiiumaa Parish, Hiiu County in northwestern Estonia.
# Solomon Sea plate

The Solomon Sea plate (also known as the Solomon plate) is a minor tectonic plate to the northwest of the Solomon Islands archipelago in the south Pacific Ocean. It roughly corresponds with the Solomon Sea east of Papua New Guinea. The plate boundaries are associated with high earthquake activity as part of the New Britain subduction zone.

## Tectonics

The tectonic regime in this part of the world is extremely complex and involves a number of minor as well as major plates. The Solomon Sea plate is an oceanic crustal plate remnant which is likely disappearing into three subduction zones, to its north, east and west. Its southeast margin runs along the Woodlark Rise, which extends into a transform fault called the Nubara Transform Fault marking the boundary with the adjoining Woodlark plate.
The northern subduction zone is located where the Solomon plate is diving below the South Bismarck plate to the northwest and the Pacific plate to the northeast at the New Britain Trench. This is area is extremely active seismologically. The northwest part of the subduction zone is called the New Britain Subduction Zone. New Britain in Papua New Guinea is the volcanic island formed from this collision and resulting volcanism. The complexities of its known geology, that of its island neighbour of New Ireland and the known Tabar, Lihir, Tanga and Feni Islands groups with undersaturated alkaline volcanics, some of which have been recently active, may not have resulted in a single accepted tectonic model to the north of the Solomon Sea plate that explains all observed features.
The southwestern subduction zone is where the Solomon Sea plate has been diving below the former Indo-Australian plate and has complexities still not fully resolved, but suggesting the possibility of a still active Trobriand plate separating it from the present Australian plate. If the Trobriand plate is presently fixed along the Solomon Sea plate's definite former subduction zone of the Trobriand Trough with the Solomon Sea plate, the Solomon Sea plate becomes quite a large microplate with much more complex tectonics. Accordingly, at this time more details on such tectonics are in the article on the Trobriand plate on the assumption that the Trobriand Trough is still an active subducting plate boundary.
# Cranks and Shadows

Cranks and Shadows is a 1995 crime novel by the American writer K. C. Constantine set in 1990s Rocksburg, a fictional, blue-collar, Rust Belt town in Western Pennsylvania, modeled on the author's hometown of McKees Rocks, Pennsylvania, adjacent to Pittsburgh.
Mario Balzic is the protagonist, an atypical detective for the genre, a Serbo-Italian American cop, middle-aged, unpretentious, a family man who asks questions and uses more sense than force.
The novel opens with Balzic being told to lay off five members of his police department. Balzic confronts members of the Conemaugh Foundation, a clandestine organization out to seize control of Rocksburg.
It is the eleventh book in the 17-volume Rocksburg series.
# Steffen Roth

Steffen Roth (born 8 August 1976 in Würzburg) is an academic and author on management, economics, and sociology. He is currently Full Professor of Management at the La Rochelle Business School and Full Professor of Social Science as well as President of the Senate of Kazimieras Simonavičius University.

## Academic Background

Roth earned his Diploma in Sociology from Chemnitz University of Technology in 2002, his PhD in Economics and Management (Dr. rer. pol) from the same university in 2010, and his PhD in Sociology from the University of Geneva in 2013. He holds a Habilitation (facultas docendi) in Economic and Environmental Sociology awarded by the Italian Ministry of Education, University, and Research and the Title of Docent (venia legendi) of Economic Sociology from the University of Turku.

## Career

From 2010-2011, Roth was Visiting Professor and Open Society Institute and Soros Foundations Network Academic Fellow at the Yerevan State University Department of Sociology. From 2012 to 2016 and 2017, respectively, he was tenured Assistant Professor of Management and Organization at the ESC Rennes School of Business and Visiting Professor at the International University of Rabat. As of 2021, he has been a Visiting Professor of Management and Organization at the University of Witten-Herdecke.

## Research

Roth is a social systems theorist influenced by the works of Niklas Luhmann. His research focus is on theories and applications of functional differentiation in modern societies. Roth was among the first to apply culturomics in sociology, with one major result of this research being that the (self-) definition of modern societies as capitalist or economized may be inappropriate. Further fields of research include multifunctional organizations and markets, the digital transformation of social theory, and foresight and future studies.

## Service to the Scientific Community

Roth has been an Associate Editor of Kybernetes, and is the Field Editor for social systems theory of Systems Research and Behavioral Science as well as a Member of the Editorial Board of Sociology and Cybernetics and Human Knowing. Roth is also a member of the Executive Committee of the Inter-University Center Dubrovnik.
# Potito (singer)

El Potito, (born Antonio Vargas Cortés in Seville in 1976) is a Spanish flamenco and new flamenco singer. He has been hailed as a "young singer tipped to be following in the footsteps of El Camaron." Bernard Leblon said he has a "prodigious voice capable of hitting incredibly high notes, [and] was an overnight sensation in the world of flamenco."
From a child at the age of 10, he began acting, singing and flamenco dancing on the tourist boats on the Guadalquivir River. As a teenager, collaborated with acclaimed artists such as Paco de Lucía ("Zyryab"). By 1996 he had already released two albums with collaborations with Vicente Amigo and others. He has since performed in a large number of performances internationally, collaborating in performances of Joaquin Cortes and Sara Baras, and is a singer in the Tomatito group. Altogether he has released six albums, the last of which is Macandé.

## Discography
### Contributing artist

* The Rough Guide to Flamenco (1997, World Music Network)
# Hal Koerner

Hal Koerner (born January 23, 1976, in Morgantown, WV) is an American distance runner specializing in ultramarathon running. Hal won the HardRock 100 and has back to back victories at Western States 100 in 2007 and 2009.
He is the owner of a specialty running store, Rogue Valley Runners, located in the mountainous Southern Oregon town of Ashland. He is one of the subjects of JB Benna's feature-length documentary "Unbreakable: The Western States 100".
He is Race Director of the Pine to Palm 100 Mile Endurance Run - A hundred-mile footrace from Williams, OR to Ashland, OR held each year the second weekend in September. In addition to that race he also directs the Siskiyou Out Back Trail Run Festival (8k, 15k, 50k, 50M and 100k) held on Mount Ashland annually since 1999. He also created and directs The Lithia Loop Trail Marathon / Mini- Marathon / 10k also held in Ashland, OR the first weekend in November.
In 2014, "Hal Koerner's Field Guide to Ultrarunning" was published and released by VeloPress. The book details training for an ultra marathon; from 50k to 100 miles. It debuted #1 in its category on Amazons bestsellers list.
Koerner has held the Fastest Known Time for the Colorado Trail (489 miles) and the John Muir Trail (221 miles). To date he has completed over 150 ultra marathons.

## Notable wins

* Javelina Jundred, 2013
* Hardrock Hundred Mile Endurance Run, 2012
* Rocky Raccoon 100, 2012
* Javelina Jundred, 2011
* Canadian Death Race, 2010
* Western States Endurance Run, 2009
* Angeles Crest 100, 2008
* Western States Endurance Run, 2007
* Angeles Crest 100, 2006
* The Bear 100, 1999-2003
* Kettle Morraine 100, 2001
# Czech Soda

Česká soda is a satirical TV show created by Febio for Czech Television. The show aired between the years 1993 and 1997. Total number of 14 episodes was created plus two New Year's Eve specials and a 1998 full-length picture. Running time of one episode was approximately 15 minutes.

## Overview

The show consisted of a news summary presented by Petr Čtvrtníček, parodies of TV advertisements and since the second episode of a German-language course "Alles Gute" created by David Vávra and Milan Šteindler.
After a trademark dispute with a company producing a drink of the same name, the show was renamed to Čtvrtníček, Šteindler a Vávra uvádějí, and occasionally appeared on TV until 2000.
# Parramatta State School

Parramatta State School is a public co-educational primary school located in the Cairns suburb of Paramatta Park, Queensland, Australia. It is administered by the Department of Education, with an enrolment of 443 students and a teaching staff of 53, as of 2023. The school serves students from Prep to Year 6, and is one of the oldest schools within the Cairns region.

## Location

The school is located north of the Parramatta Park reserve, at 122 Mulgrave Road.

## History

In 1925, a state school within the region was being proposed. The land for the school was bought in March 1926 and the construction of the school began in May 1926, and was set to accommodate approximately 450 students. The cost was stated to be £10,878.
The foundation head teacher, Don Campell, was meant to make the arrangements for the school's opening the weekend prior, however, train delays caused this from happening. The Education Department wired the work on to Mr. E. Gordon (the head teacher of Cairns State School at the time) so the school could open the following Monday. The school opened on Monday, 24 January 1927, without a hitch, besides from the school grounds being not quite complete. Don Campell arrived in time to take over on the schools opening day.
By the end of 1930, the school had an enrolment of 581 students.
In 2015, the principal at the time, Wayne Kirk, was suspended from his role after using a Department of Education credit card for his own personal affairs.
# Dharmapuri Subbarayar

Dharmapuri Jaavali Subbarayar was a composer of Carnatic music who lived during the nineteenth century. He composed mainly in the Telugu language and used Dharmapuri, the name of his birthplace and a city in Tamil Nadu, as his mudra.

## Compositions

| Composition | Raga | Tala | Type | Language |
| parulanna mAta | Kapi | Adi | Javali | Telugu |
| sakhi prAna | Senchurutti | Adi | Javali | Telugu |
| mArubAri | Khamas | Adi | Javali | Telugu |
| kommarO vanikentha biguvE | Khamas | Adi | Javali | Telugu |
# Pipe bag

A pipe bag or tobacco bag is a common item used by some Native American ceremonial people. A pipe bag may be used to carry a sacred pipe, such as a Chanunpa.

## Styles

Although styles and sizes vary between Nations, geographical locations, and medicine societies, many have certain elements in common: a long neck of cloth or leather, a rim which is often beaded or quilled, a lower panel, or pouch, also beaded or quilled, and a fringe at the bottom. Some bags are left unadorned.
Many of the more recent bags have a quilled "slat panel" between the pouch and the fringe, while many of the older ones do not.

## Examples and symbolism

The Sioux Quilled Pipe Bag at left is decorated with quillwork forming flora and fauna, buffalo and caterpillars. The "cocoon" design symbolizes spiritual and physical transformation, and the Sioux spirit Yumni, the whirlwind, responsible for the four directions of the world.
Both the moth, which breaks free of its confining cocoon, and the untamable wind, are viewed as spirits impossible to contain.
Clark Wissler described in his 1907 field notes the "whirlwind bug", a creature with spiral grooves that creates small dust clouds along the ground. By this action, the cloud was thought to confuse the enemy and make him lose his senses. The cocoon above what appears to be the head of the bear may represent the whirlwind phenomena.
# Randwick, Gloucestershire

Randwick is a village bordering the market town of Stroud in Gloucestershire, England, the United Kingdom. It is known locally for its folk traditions such as the Randwick Wap, a celebration of May Day, and its annual pantomime.
The population at the 2011 census was 1,423.

## Governance

The village falls part of the 'Randwick, Whiteshill and Ruscombe' electoral ward. This ward stretches from Randwick north easterly to Whiteshill. The total ward population at the 2011 census was 1,747.
The civil parish was renamed from Randwick to Randwick and Westrip on 1 August 2015. Westrip is an outer suburb of Stroud, south of Randwick, which may have been within the parish beforehand.

## Randwick Wap

The Wap is an annual series of events during spring which culminates in a traditional procession and festival dating back to the Middle Ages. Various theories exist on how it began, although most villagers believe it was a celebration that followed the completion of building Randwick's parish church.
The Wap was traditionally held on Low Sunday and Monday, the first Sunday and Monday after Easter. On the Sunday, the bells of the village church would be rung, a special service was held and a collection taken. On the Mon evening, a 'Mayor' was elected and he would be carried by chair to an ancient pool where he was immersed. Hordes would gather from far and wide including fiddle-playing and fortune-telling gipsies. By the late 19th century, however, the Wap was becoming better known for its drunken revelry rather than as an ancient spectacle and it was evident that something had to be done. In 1892, the church officials refused to ring the bells or hold a special collection to mark 'Wap Sunday' and although a mayor was elected, the Wap in its then form had run its course.
The Randwick Wap was eventually revived in 1971 by the vicar Rev Niall Morrison (son of William Morrison, 1st Viscount Dunrossil) and now the festivities take place in the month of May.
# So Inspired

"So Inspired" is a 2011 song by Nigerian singer Waje. It also features Muna, a Nigerian rapper and model. It was released as a promotional single from her at the time upcoming debut album W.A.J.E (2013), although it was not even included on the album.
The song is written from the perspective of a woman suffering from domestic violence, who despite the circumstances, rises above the trauma. The aim of the song in Waje’s own words, is “to inspire young people, females especially to continuously aspire for greatness regardless of the drawbacks in their environment and life in general.”

## Music video

The music video for the song was released onto YouTube on 30 March 2011. At the beginning, it shows Waje being subjected to domestic violence by a man. Waje then breaks into song, interspersed by verses of rapping by Muna. The music video for the song was shot in South Africa in Johannesburg.
# Philip Salkeld

Philip Salkeld VC (13 October 1830 – 10 October 1857) was an English recipient of the Victoria Cross, the highest and most prestigious award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth forces. He was the first person to be awarded the Victoria Cross posthumously.
He was born at the Rectory in Fontmell Magna, Dorset, England, educated at King's College School, London, and is buried in the Old Delhi Military Cemetery, Delhi, India.

## Details

Salkeld was 26 years old, and a lieutenant in the Bengal Engineers, Bengal Army during the Indian Mutiny when the following deed took place for which he together with Duncan Charles Home was awarded the VC:
   Lieutenants Duncan Charles Home- and Philip Salkeld, Bengal Engineers, upon whom the Victoria Cross was provisionally conferred by Major-General Sir Archdale Wilson, Bart., K.C.B., for their conspicuous bravery in the performance of the desperate duty of blowing in the Cashmere Gate of tho Fortress of Delhi, in broad daylight, under a heavy fire of musketry, on the morning of the 14th September, 1857, preparatory to the assault, would have been recommended to Her Majesty for confirmation in that distinction, had they survived.
He was killed in action at Delhi on 10 October 1857.
Salkeld's companion at King's College School, Robert Haydon Shebbeare also received the Victoria Cross on the same day for his action in the fourth column attacking Delhi at the Kabul Gate.