OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Bloom (Audio Adrenaline album)

Bloom is the third studio album released by Audio Adrenaline. In 1996, the album was certified Gold by RIAA.

## Concept

Bloom represented a departure from the band's previous efforts into a more straightforward rock with hints of grunge music. According to the band, both the title and the music reflects the way they've matured and "grown into a new phase of life".

## Recording

Bloom was recorded in 1995 at various studios in Tennessee: Ardent Recordings in Memphis, The Salt Mine in Brentwood, and House of Insomnia in Franklin. Producer, John Hampton, was in charge of the recording and mixing. The mastering was done by Ken Love at MasterMix, Nashville, Tennessee.

## Critical reception

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
| Jesus Freak Hideout | |
Bloom was well received by the audience becoming the first album of the band to be certified gold by RIAA. John DiBiase, of Jesus Freak Hideout, gave the album 4.5 stars out of 5, calling it "a brave and risky album for the band that only proved to be an ultimately wise stylistic change... it's among their best, and a dang good 90's rock album." Paul Portell, also of Jesus Freak Hideout, gave it 3.5 stars out of 5, and wrote that the album "showed Audio A's growth and potential... No 90's Christian rock fan should be without this monumental project." Sherwin Frias, of Jesus Freak Hideout too, praised the band's improved songwriting and called the album "fantastic" and "essential for any AudioA fan".

## Commercial performance

The album peaked at No. 77 on Billboard 200.

## Track listing

    $^a$ appears on Hit Parade
    $^b$ appears on Adios: The Greatest Hits

## Personnel

Audio Adrenaline
* Mark Stuart – lead vocals, backing vocals
* Bob Herdman – keyboards, guitars, backing vocals
* Barry Blair – guitars, backing vocals
* Will McGinniss – bass, backing vocals
Additional musicians
* Eddie DeGarmo – keyboard arrangements
* Jason Halbert – Moog synthesizer (7)
* Greg Herrington – drums
* Todd Collins – percussion, backing vocals
* John Hampton – percussion
* Ben Cissell – percussion
Production
* Eddie DeGarmo – executive producer
* Dan R. Brock – executive producer
* John Hampton – producer (1–5, 8, 10–13), engineer (1–5, 8, 10–13), mixing
* The Gotee Brothers – producers (6, 7, 9)
* Erick Flettrich – engineer (1–5, 8, 10–13)
* John Mark Painter – engineer (6, 7, 9)
* Jef Curtiss – engineer (6, 7, 9)
* Todd Collins – additional engineer (6)
* Reid Waltz – additional engineer (6), production coordinator (6, 7, 9)
* Ken Love – mastering at MasterMix (Nashville, Tennessee)
* John Falls – photography
* Rusty Rust – aluminum photography
* Kerri McKeehan Stuart – art direction
* Brad Talbott – design
* True Artist Management – management
# List of most-liked online posts

This may refer to:
* List of most-liked Instagram posts
* List of most-liked tweets
* List of most-liked YouTube videos
# Bernard Wagenaar

Bernard Wagenaar (July 18, 1894 – May 19, 1971) was a Dutch-American composer, conductor and violinist.
Wagenaar was born in Arnhem. He studied at Utrecht University before starting his career as a teacher and conductor in 1914. He moved to the U.S. in 1920, and he became a citizen in 1927. From 1925 to 1968 he taught at the Juilliard School, where Ned Rorem, Jacob Druckman, Norman Dello Joio, Bernard Herrmann, Robert Ward, Tutti Camarata, Charles Jones, Alan Shulman, Katharine Mulky Warne, and James Cohn were among his pupils. He was an active member of the League of Composers and similar organizations and was an officer of the Order of Orange-Nassau in the Netherlands. He died in York, Maine.
He wrote four symphonies (1926, 1930, 1936 and 1946) and other orchestral, vocal, and chamber music in a broadly neoclassical style.
His second symphony was one of the few American works Arturo Toscanini performed with the New York Philharmonic Orchestra; the first performances were on November 10, 11, and 13, 1933, in Carnegie Hall.
# Franz Mittler

Franz Mittler (April 14, 1893 in Vienna – December 28, 1970 in Munich) was an Austrian (and later on an American) composer, musician, and humorist.

## Life and work

Mittler was born in Vienna. His maternal grandmother financed his earliest musical education which started out under Mr. Deutsch and later Oscar Stock (violin). His first public performance took place in 1902 when he performed the Schubert Sonatina in D D. 384 with the then 7-year-old Clara Haskil. In 1904 he moved from the violin to the pursuit of piano where his teacher became Theodor Leschetizky. He studied theory with Joseph Labor (also teacher of Julius Bittner and Arnold Schoenberg), later composition with Richard Heuberger and Karl Prohaska. From these teachers, Mittler attained his neo-Brahmsian style. Further studies included Fritz Steinbach and Carl Friedberg at the Vienna University and the Conservatory in Cologne. He also studied with Heinrich Schenker.
In 1913 Mittler volunteered for a one-year stint in the Imperial and Royal Austrian Army in the supply and logistics division. As sub-lieutenant his military duties included the supervision of a bread-baking unit during all of World War I. During that time he came near the Russian front in Poland, and was stationed in Serbia. After the war, Mittler also studied singing (with a Romanian mezzo by the name of Mme. Munteanu) and later, still, guitar, before he returned to the violin again.
He composed several smaller works during the pre-war years in Vienna, including his Schumannesque "Phantasiestück opus 5 for Piano, and a Richard Strauss influenced cycle of "Four Songs opus 6 for Medium Voice and Piano". Universal published Mittler's "Marienbildchen opus 7 No. 1 for Soprano and Piano" which a contemporary review called "a charming small idyll, foull of modern harmonic piquanteries", hinting at a harmonic style roughly reflecting that of Gustav Mahler. His First String Quartet from 1909 also falls into that time, and it shows the great talent and ability of the then 16-year-old Mittler. The parts and score to String Quartet Nos. 1 and 3, his Cello Sonata (1910), as well as his Op. 3 Piano Trio were recently published by Edition Silvertrust (2008-9).
Around 1940, Mittler was one of the four pianists who organized the First Piano Quartet. He stayed with the group until the 1950s.
His daughter, Diana Mittler-Battipaglia, is a music teacher and pianist.

## Notable works

* String Quartet No. 1 (1909)
* Sonata in G Major for Violin & Piano (1910)
* Piano Trio, Op. 3 (1911)
* String Quartet No. 3 (1915–18)
* Three Character Pieces for Piano (1912–26)
* Chaconne for Solo Violin, Op. 10 (1926)

## Sources

* Franz Mittler - Austro-Hungarian Composer, Musician, and Humorous Poet by Diana Mittler-Battipaglia, Volume 8 Austrian Culture (Harry Zahn, General Editor), Peter Lang Publishing (New York - Vienna, 1992) ISBN 0-8204-2063-8
# Halkirk

Halkirk (Scottish Gaelic: Hàcraig) is a village on the River Thurso in Caithness, in the Highland council area of Scotland. From Halkirk the B874 road runs towards Thurso in the north and towards Georgemas in the east. The village is within the parish of Halkirk, and is said by locals to be Scotland's first planned village.
In 1222 Jon Haraldsson, the last native Scandinavian to be Jarl of Orkney, was indirectly implicated in the burning of Adam of Melrose at his hall at Halkirk by local farmers when this part of Caithness was still part of the Kingdom of Norway. A contemporary chronicler, Boethius the Dane blamed Haraldsson for the bishop's death. After the jarl swore oaths to his own innocence, Alexander II took the opportunity to assert his claims to the mainland part of the Orkney jarldom. He visited Caithness in person, and hanged the majority of the farmers, while mutilating the rest. His actions were applauded by Pope Honorius III, and a quarter of a century later, he was continuing to receive commendation from the Catholic Church, as in the reward of a bull from Pope Celestine IV.

## Cathedral

It was at one time the site of the cathedral of the Diocese of Caithness. In the early 13th century, a revolt against the tithe, imposed by the Bishop, led the local husbandmen to lay siege to the cathedral kitchen, and burn it down, with Adam of Melrose, the Bishop, still inside. Adam's successor Gilbert de Moravia moved the seat of the Diocese to Dornoch, and there are no remains of the Halkirk cathedral church or the bishop's seat.

## Historic distilleries

Halkirk has had two whisky distilleries, Gerston from 1796 to 1885, and Ben Morven (also known as Gerston II) from 1886 to circa 1911. Both were established on the banks of the River Thurso, near Gerston Farm, and both drew water from Calder Burn. The Ben Morven distillery was named for the mountain, the highest point in Caithness.
The original Gerston distillery was first registered by a Francis Swanson, and was expanded by two sons, John and James, in 1825. Sir Robert Peel is said to have acquired a taste for the whisky. The distillery closed not long after it was sold to new owners in 1872, and a London company, calling themselves the Gerston Distillery Company, decided to build a new distillery.
In 1897 the new distillery was sold to Northern Distilleries Limited, who gave it the Ben Morven name. It was never very successful, and it closed circa 1911. The stillhouse is still standing.

## Fairview House

Fairview House is a former poorhouse dating from 1856, which is now a residential complex.

## Notable residents

Halkirk is the birthplace of Alexander Keith (1795–1873), who settled in Halifax, Nova Scotia and became established as a respected politician and brewer. He is known across Canada for his most famous beer, Alexander Keith's India Pale Ale.
Prof John Malcolm FRSE (1873–1954) was also born and raised in Halkirk.

## Gallery

* The old parish church, now abandoned
* Entering Halkirk
* Halkirk and Westerdale Parish Church
# Leon Stein

Leon Stein (September 18, 1910 in Chicago – May 9, 2002 in Laguna Hills, California) was an American composer and music analyst.
Stein attended DePaul University, where he achieved his MM in 1935 and his Ph.D. in 1949; he studied under Leo Sowerby, Eric DeLamarter, Frederick Stock, and Hans Lange. He taught at DePaul from 1931 to 1978; he was dean of the School of Music there between 1966 and 1976. Stein was also Director of the Graduate Division at De Paul University of Music. College of Jewish Studies, Chicago. He directed a number of Chicago ensembles, including the City Symphony of Chicago.
Stein's compositions were modernist in character; his works for saxophone are his most popular pieces. He also wrote on music, particularly Jewish music. His manuscripts are held in the Richardson Library at DePaul.
He has two sons.

## Books

* The Racial Thinking of Richard Wagner (1950)
* Structure and Style: The Study and Analysis of Musical Forms (1962, 3rd ed. 1979)
* Anthology of Musical Forms (1962)

## Music
### Stage

* The Fisherman’s Wife (1954)
* Deirdre (1955)
* 2 early ballets

### Orchestral

* Violin Concerto (1939)
* 3 Hassidic Dances (1940–41)
* Symphony No. 1 (1940)
* Symphony No. 2 (1942)
* Triptych on 3 Poems of Walt Whitman (1943)
* Symphony No.3 (1950–51)
* Rhapsody (1954)
* Then Shall the Dust Return (1971)
* Symphony No. 4 (1974)
* Cello Concerto (1977)
* Concerto for clarinet and percussion (1979)

### Chamber/solo

* Sonata for violin and piano (1932)
* String Quartet No. 1 (1933)
* Woodwind Quintet (1936)
* Invocation and Dance (1938)
* Quintet for saxophone and string quartet (1957)
* Sextet (1958)
* Violin Sonata (1960)
* Trio for Three B♭ Trumpets (or B♭ Clarinets) (1958)
* Trio for Saxophone, violin, and piano, (1961)
* String Quartet No. 2 (1962)
* String Quartet No. 3 (1964)
* String Quartet No. 4 (1965)
* Sonata for tenor sax and piano (1967)
* String Quartet No.5 (1967)
* Suite for saxophone quartet (1967)
* Sonata for Solo Viola (1969)
* Suite for wind quintet (1970)
* Brass Quintet (1975)
* Duo Concertante for viola and cello (1978)
* Suite for string trio (1980)
* Three for Nine (1982)
* other works for solo instruments and keyboard

### Vocal

* Liederkranz of Jewish Folksongs (1936)
* The Lord Reigneth (1953)
* other religious choral works to Hebrew and English texts
# Daniel Chorzempa

Daniel Walter Chorzempa (December 7, 1944 – March 25, 2023) was an American organist, composer and architect.

## Biography

Daniel Chorzempa was born in Minneapolis, Minnesota on December 7, 1944. He subsequently studied music and architecture at the University of Minnesota and further music studies in Cologne. After starting out as a pianist (achieving some success in Europe during the late 1960s and early 1970s), he became better known as an organist. In the 1970s he was also active as a composer associated with the Cologne School and New Simplicity.
Chorzempa never married. He died on March 25, 2023, at the age of 78.

## Footnotes

* ↑ Kapko-Foretić 1980, 50.
* ↑ "Daniel Chorzempa, organist acclaimed for his Bach interpretations – obituary". The Telegraph. 10 May 2023. Retrieved 10 May 2023.
* ↑ Addio a Chorzempa. Il grandissimo artista se n’è andato da solo. E nessuno lo cerca (in Italian)
# Avery Robinson

Avery Robinson (January 21, 1878 – May 11, 1965) was an American classical composer who worked with, among others, Roland Hayes and Paul Robeson.

## Biography

Avery Robinson was born on January 21, 1878, in Louisville, Kentucky. His father was a local mill owner there. After graduating from MIT, Avery returned to Louisville to work for his father and for another mill owner, W. E. Chess. In 1907 he married Chess's daughter Mary, who would later found the Mary Chess Company, a perfume manufacturer. In 1909 their daughter Carley was born.
In 1920 Robinson left Louisville for London where he was employed as treasurer to the Royal Philharmonic Society. While there his daughter attended the newly founded Montessori School, and later studied musical composition with Nadia Boulanger.
After returning to the United States Avery was employed by the Mary Chess Company. Avery Robinson died in Pittsfield, Mass. on May 11, 1965.

## Works

Pieces composed by (or in part by) Robinson include:
* "Waterboy"
* "I've Been Driving on Bald Mountain"
# Filimonovo toy

Filimonovo toys (Russian: Филимо́новская игру́шка) are a type of Russian pottery craft produced in Odoyevsky District of Tula Oblast, Russia. The toys derive its name from the village of its origin, Filimonovo, and are moulded by hand from the bluish-grey local clay that fires into a pure white ceramic. The artists paint the figures with aniline dyes with motifs of brightly colored strips and spots.
Filimonovo toys are often clay whistles in the forms of women, horsemen, and assorted animals such as bears, cattle, and roosters. Figurine motifs of people or other animals hold chickens or roosters is also quite common.
# Daniel James Wolf

Daniel James Wolf (born September 13, 1961 in Upland, California) is an American composer.

## Studies

Wolf studied composition with Gordon Mumma, Alvin Lucier, and La Monte Young, as well as musical tunings with Erv Wilson and Douglas Leedy and ethnomusicology (M.A., Ph.D. 1990 Wesleyan University). Important contacts with Lou Harrison, John Cage, Walter Zimmermann. Managing Editor of the journal Xenharmonikon, 1985-89. Based in Europe from 1989, he is known as a member of the "Material" group of composers, along with Hauke Harder, Markus Trunk and others.

## Compositions

Wolf's compositions apply an experimental approach to musical materials, with a special interest in intonation, yet often display a surface that playfully - if accidentally - recalls historical music. Major works include The White Canoe, an opera seria for hand puppets to the libretto by Edward Gorey, six string quartets, Figure & Ground for string trio, Field Study for vn, tb, ban, gui, Decoherence for x orchestras of x players, Twoity fl,pf and A Beckett Gray Code for wind quintet. Much of his music is in just intonation, but his work with alternative tunings includes a collection of Etudes in all equal temperaments between 8 and 23 notes per octave.
Composer Wolf identifies with the experimental music tradition—especially its American West Coast manifestation—spiritually, intellectually and personally. He jokingly calls his method "dysfunctional harmony" or "not yet tonal", with some reference to the "anarchic harmony" found in the late music of John Cage. Three distinct streams combine to form Wolf's work: sound installations, experimental concert works based on sound structures mostly free from historical associations, and experimental concert works based on reifying the tradition of European art music (or other world musics) and then performing operations on its internal principles.
# Sadeyaka

Sadeyaka is a village in Eskipazar District, Karabük Province, Turkey. Its population is 132 (2022). The hamlets Kısaç, Saraycık and Şeyhler (Şıhlar) are administratively part of Sadeyaka.

## History

The earliest official records goes back to 1896, when the village is part of kaza of Çerkeş in sanjak of Çankırı in vilayet of Kastamonu. The village was administered by Çerkeş, Çankırı until 1945, when Eskipazar became a district. When Karabük became a province in 1995, the village became part of Karabük along with Eskipazar. Drinking water infrastructe has been completed in 2008.

## Culture

It has local food such as cizleme, kaz bandırması and arpa-buğday gavurgası. Miyane helvası and nişasta helvası (White Helva) is a tradition on religious holidays. There is a türbe in Şeyhler village built for Sheikh Ali Semerkandi. His grave is in Çamlıdere, Ankara, but there is a water well called "Sığırcık Suyu" dedicated to him.

## Geography

Village center is 51 km away from Karabük, and 16 km from Eskipazar. It has oceanic climate.
* Üçoluk fountain near village, 2015
* Sadeyaka in 2011

## Local governance

The muhtars with their election dates are:
    2009: Rıza Akbaş
    1999, 2004: Ali Demirtaş (2 terms)
    1994: Hüsamettin Tepe
    1989: Sadet Yazı
    1984: Adil Akbaşoğlu
# Joel Mandelbaum

Mayer Joel Mandelbaum (born October 12, 1932) is an American music composer and teacher, best known for his use of microtonal tuning (notably just intonation and 19 equal temperament and the 31 equal temperament). He wrote the first Ph.D. dissertation on microtonality in 1961. He is married to stained glass artist Ellen Mandelbaum, and is the nephew of Abraham Edel.

## Career

Born in New York City, Mandelbaum received his Ph.D. from Indiana University School of Music in music theory in 1961. He also studied at the Harvard and Brandeis universities, as well as the Berkshire Music Center and the Berlin Hochschule für Musik. His composition teachers included Boris Blacher, Luigi Dallapiccola, Irving Fine, Walter Piston, and Harold Shapero. His thesis was focused on the 19 equal temperament. He was a teacher and chairman of the music department at Queens College, City University of New York, from 1961 to 1999.
Mandelbaum became interested in microtonality after listening to a lecture by Paul Hindemith in which Hindemith inadequately debunked various alternative forms of tuning. He began a correspondence with Adriaan Fokker which led to a six-week stay in Haarlem, Netherlands, in 1963, during which he composed music using Euler's genera under Fokker's tutelage. The result was 10 Studies in 31-Tone Temperament, which premiered on the Fokker organ in Haarlem.
Mandelbaum's motivation to use the 31 equal temperament arose from its close approximation to just intonation; Mandelbaum preferred the equal temperament to just tuning out of convenience, as it produced one tuning of a keyboard with which it was possible to explore approximations of chords to just tuning in any key. Although well known for exploring alternate tunings, Mandelbaum still uses conventional tuning in about 80% of his music. Mandelbaum attributes his use of conventional tuning to his reluctance to use keyed instruments (such as woodwinds) in tunings other than those that they were designed for.
Mandelbaum's music has been recorded on Capstone and Ravello Records (Parma Recordings).
# Jay Alan Yim

Jay Alan Yim (born April 24, 1958) is an American composer of Chinese descent and recipient of a 1994 Guggenheim Fellowship.

## Early life and education

Yim was born into a Chinese family in St. Louis, Missouri on April 24, 1958. He attended the University of California, Santa Barbara College of Creative Studies and graduated with a B.A. in 1980. He also received a M.Mus. in 1981 from the University of London and the Royal College of Music, with a Ph.D. from Harvard University earned in 1989.

## Career

His works have been performed by the Chicago Symphony Orchestra, the National Symphony Orchestra, Radio Filharmonisch Orkest, Residentie Orchestra, Los Angeles Philharmonic, Sendai Philharmonic, Tanglewood Music Center Orchestra, London Sinfonietta, Arditti String Quartet, New Music Consort, Het Trio, and Nieuw Ensemble.
He currently serves as a professor of music at Northwestern University. Former students include composers Marcos Balter, Kirsten Broberg, Rodrigo Cadiz, Aaron Cassidy, and Mark Engebretson.

## Awards and honors

Yim is a 1994 recipient of a Guggenheim Fellowship for music composition in the creative arts category. He also placed third for the 1994 Kennedy Center Friedheim Award, tied with John Anthony Lennon.

## Personal life

Yim is married to artist Marlena Novak.
# Marc Neikrug

Marc Edward Neikrug (born September 24, 1946) is a contemporary American composer, pianist, and conductor. He was born in New York City, the son of cellists George Neikrug and Olga Zundel. He is best known for a Piano Concerto (1966), the theater piece Through Roses (1980), and the opera Los Alamos (1988). Among his notable recent compositions are the orchestral song cycle Healing Ceremony (2010), his Concerto for Orchestra (2012), a Bassoon Concerto (2013), and the Canta-Concerto (2014). He studied with Giselher Klebe at the Hochschule für Musik Detmold from 1964 to 1968, and composition at Stony Brook University (M.M., 1971). In 1978 he was appointed consultant on contemporary music to the Saint Paul Chamber Orchestra. Since the late 1990s he has been artistic director of the Santa Fe Chamber Music Festival. He is also known for collaborations with violinist Pinchas Zukerman.

## Selected recordings

Camille Saint-Saëns, Sonata No. 1 in D minor for violin and piano, César Franck, Sonata in A for violin and piano, Pinchas Zukerman, violin, Marc Neikrug, piano. CD Philips 1984.