OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Pietrapelosa

Pietrapelosa (Croatian: Kostel, Kaštel, Kosmati grad, Kosmati Kostel, Kosmati Kaštel) is a castle in the Croatian part of Istria, now ruined. In the medieval period a family took their name from the castle. "Pietrapelosa" comes from the Italian words meaning "hairy stone" after the moss that has always grown on the walls of the castle. It is one of the best-preserved of the Istrian castles.

## History

Pietrapelosa is a few kilometers west of Buzet in a strategic location at the head of the Bračana valley. It is first mentioned in a document of 965 A.D. in a deed recording its gift by Rodaold, patriarch of Aquileia to the bishopric of Poreč. In the 13th century it was given to a family of German knights who assumed the name of the castle, "de Pietrapelosa". The castle was the seat of the Aquileian lieutenant governor of Istria. The Venetian commander Taddeo d'Este conquered the castle and abolished the secular rule of the patriarchs of Aquileia in 1421, with Istria being divided between the Republic of Venice and the Habsburg County of Pazin. The Venetian Council of Ten granted the castle to the nobleman Nicolò Gravisi in 1440, giving him the title if Marquis of Pietrapelosa. He renovated the castle for use as a summer residence. In 1635 a fire destroyed the interior of the castle, but it was restored and inhabited until the 18th century. The Gravis family owned the castle until the final abolition of the feudal system in 1869. They were the only aristocratic family in Koper to own such an estate.

## Building

The castle was surrounded by three-story walls, which are still intact. It included a main four-story polygonal watchtower, sometimes also used as a residence. There was also a house and a palace chapel of St. Mary Magdalene dating from the 12th century. The chapel is built in the classic Istrian style with one nave and a bell tower. A residential area was built on a crag beside the castle with no walls. The castle avoided destruction throughout the many wars that ravaged Istria. However, it fell into ruin after being abandoned, and has only recently been restored. From the castle there is a dramatic view of Northern Istria.
# Reza Shiran

Reza Shiran Khorasani (Persian: رضا شیران خراسانی) is an Iranian conservative politician who represented Mashhad and Kalat electoral district in the Parliament of Iran from 2016 to 2020.
# Estonian Science Communication Award

The Estonian Science Communication Award (Estonian: Eesti teaduse populariseerimise auhind) is an Estonian award given to an individual or group for the popularization of science since 2006.
The award is financed by the Ministry of Education and Research and is issued jointly by the Estonian Academy of Sciences and the Estonian Research Council.
The award is presented in six categories:
* The lifetime achievement award for long-term systematic popularization of science and technology;
* Popularization of science and technology through audiovisual and electronic media;
* Popularization of science and technology through print media;
* Activities or series of activities popularizing science and technology;
* The best researcher, journalist, or teacher popularizing science and technology; and
* The best new initiative in popularizing science and technology.
The Lifetime Achievement Award was conferred for the first time in 2010. Since 2012, the Lifetime Achievement Award has been named after Tiiu Sild [et], and the monetary award is accompanied by the brass table sculpture Möbiuse leht (Möbius Leaf) by the sculptor Stanislav Netšvolodov.

## Recipients

* 2012: Rakett 69
* 2020: Toomas Kukk, grand prize
* 2020: Jüri Engelbrecht, lifetime achievement award
* 2021: Mari Uusküla, incentive prize
* 2021: Tõnu Viik, lifetime achievement award
# Filomena Fortes

Filomena Maria Spencer Africano Fortes (born 10 April 1966) is a Cape Verdean sports administrator and former handball player. Originally a handball player for C.D. Primeiro de Agosto and Clube Ferroviário de Luanda, she worked in sports education including as the University of Cape Verde's coordinator of the physical education and sports courses. She later became president of the Cape Verdean Olympic Committee and the Handball Federation of Cape Verde, as well as the first International Olympic Committee permanent member from Cape Verde.

## Biography

Filomena Maria Spencer Africano Fortes was born on 10 April 1966 in Luanda, Angola. In 1979, she started playing handball after a brief stint in association football, including for C.D. Primeiro de Agosto and Clube Ferroviário de Luanda; she later recalled that this decision was "perhaps because in Luanda it was the most popular sport for women". She also worked as a handball coach from 1984 to 1995.
After abandoning her medicine studies in Luanda, Fontes was educated at the Manuel Fajardo University of Sciences of Physical Culture and Sport, in Cuba, and the University of Porto (where she got her master degree in sport sciences), before she obtained her PhD in education sciences at NOVA University Lisbon. Fortes worked as a secondary school physical education teacher, before working as the University of Cape Verde's coordinator of the physical education and sports courses (1996-2014).
In 2014, she became president of the Cape Verdean Olympic Committee (COC) - and the first woman to hold the position - and the Handball Federation of Cape Verde, remaining in the latter position until 2017. On July 2018, she was awarded the African Olympic Order Medal by the Association of National Olympic Committees of Africa. In 2019, she became the first Cape Verdean to become an International Olympic Committee permanent member. From 2019 to 2020, she was a member of the coordination committee of the 2028 Summer Olympics. In November 2021, she was elected vice-president of the Association francophone de comités nationaux olympiques. In 2021, she was re-elected COC president for her third straight term. After serving as vice-president, she became president of ACOLOP in 2022. She was awarded the Peace Run's 2024 Torch-Bearer Award for her work in peacemaking and the Olympic movement. She has also served in the Comité Paralímpico de Cabo Verde [es] (including as a founding member), as an International Teqball Federation Executive Board member, and as an IOC representative on the World Anti-Doping Agency board.
In an interview with Nós Genti, she once said that she was "a bit critical of top-level sports in Cape Verde", citing the differences of her own experiences in her native Cape Verde and her own expectations, as well as the large amount of natives playing abroad, but acknowledged the progress her sport has made in the nation and her support for making Olympic solidarity nationally widespread.
# Bodieve

Bodieve (Cornish: Bosyuv) is a small village in north Cornwall, England, in the United Kingdom. It is about 1 mile north of Wadebridge (where the 2011 Census population is included) on the B3314 Wadebridge-St Minver road.
# Henry Wise Wood High School

Henry Wise Wood High School (HWW) is a public high school located in the southwest quadrant of Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
The school was built in 1961 and is named after Henry Wise Wood, an Alberta pioneer (cowboy) who was instrumental in forming the Alberta Wheat Pool and the United Farmers of Alberta. Wood is regarded as an influential individual in Canadian agricultural and farming history.
Academically, the school offers the International Baccalaureate Programme (IB), and the Gifted and Talented Education Program (GATE), in addition to the full range of academic programs standard to the province. The school is part of the Action for Bright Children Society. A unique option in the IB Programme that the school offers to students as an additional Group 3 subject is Philosophy 20/30 SL IB, which is made available bi-annually.
Henry Wise Wood has a music program that includes a symphonic band, jazz band, and choir.

## Athletics programs

Henry Wise Wood is noted for its football team, having won several city championships over the years. The school also has many other sports teams, including soccer, badminton, swimming, basketball, volleyball, rugby, and track.
Wise Wood features number of athletics programs and teams which include:
* Swimming
* Cross Country Running
* Curling
* Football
* Rugby
* Soccer
* Basketball
* Badminton
* Track and Field
* Volleyball
* Field Hockey

## Notable alumni

* Ari Taub (born 1971), Olympic Greco-Roman wrestler
* Pierre Poilievre (born 1979), Canadian member of Parliament, leader of the Conservative Party of Canada and the leader of the Official Opposition
* Evan Williams (born 1984), actor (Blonde)
# Gustave Sherman

Guatave Sherman ("Gus") (1910 – 1984) was a Canadian costume jewellery maker who started Sherman & Company Ltd. (1949-1980). In time, his costume jewellery was sold across Canada and the United States. "Sherman is the most recognized and collectible costume jewellery in Canada," wrote a long-time collector.

## Biography

Sherman was born in Montreal to Jewish parents from Lithuania. He joined the Royal Canadian Air Force as a navigator during the Second World War and after he was demobbed, he worked in insurance and jewellery sales. After learning about the costume jewllery business from a friend he had known since childhood, Hy Mendelson who had bought the Canadian franchise to manufacture Jay Kel and Jay Flex in Canada, in 1949, he began Sherman & Company Ltd. in Outremont, a borough of Montreal. When it started, the company had only one employee, a Ukrainian, Dmytro ("Jimmy") Kurica was jewellery maker who had left Jay Kel with Sherman.
Sherman made his business part of the growing market for costume jewellery, but used Swarovski crystals, new and different cuts and colours, and superior findings and plating methods by contrast with most other jewellery makers. The company's primary stone supplier was GH Ashley in Toronto.
By the 1950s, Sherman had established himself as Canada’s costume jeweler, and his work was starting to appear on runways in Paris and New York. In 1956, Dior asked him for a new crystal inspired by the northern-lights and the company responded with Aurora Borealis, a multicoloured coating over simulated crystals for the holiday season. It is still popular in his jewellery today, along with many other colours and effects.
Sherman's jewellery praised today for its artistic use of colour, sense of movement, three-dimensional effect and the resulting sophistication and elegance. It is extensive branded.

## Selected public collections

Sherman jewellery is in the collections of the Royal Ontario Museum, Toronto (92 objects) and the Boston Museum of Fine Arts.

## Legacy

In 2024, the Beaverbrook Art Gallery in Fredericton, New Brunswick held an exhibition titled Gustave Sherman – Jewels of Elegance, organized by the Andrew and Laura McCain Art Gallery in Florenceville, NB.
# Saint-Symphorien, Ille-et-Vilaine

Saint-Symphorien (French pronunciation:; Breton: Sant-Sinforian) is a commune in the Ille-et-Vilaine department in Brittany in northwestern France.
Saint-Symphorien was part of Hédé from 1973 to 2007. On 1 January 2008, the commune of Hédé was divided again and the commune was recreated.
# Véronique Zuber

Véronique Zuber (23 January 1936 – 10 October 2024) was a French model and actress who was named Miss France in 1955.

## Life and career

Born in Seine-Port on 23 January 1936, Zuber was elected Miss Paris in 1954 when she was 18. The selection process for Miss France 1955 took place at the Théâtre de Fontainebleau, which was reported on by Radiodiffusion-Télévision Française, which saw Zuber elected with 86 votes to Miss Côte d'Azur Monique Lambert's 81.
Following her pageant victory, Zuber pursued an acting career, appearing in films such as Dishonorable Discharge and The Gendarme of Champignol. She went on to marry Russian prince Georges de Bibikoff, with whom she had two children: Alexis and Natacha.
Zuber died in Saint-Brice-sous-Forêt on 10 October 2024, at the age of 88.

## Filmography

* Frou-Frou (1955)
* La vie est belle [fr] (1956)
* Mademoiselle and Her Gang (1957)
* Dishonorable Discharge (1957)
* Les Motards [fr] (1959)
* The Gendarme of Champignol (1959)
# Croatian Sailing Federation

The Croatian Sailing Federation (Croatian: Hrvatski jedriličarski savez, HJS) is the national governing body for the sport of sailing in Croatia, recognised by the International Sailing Federation.

## History

The Croatian Sailing Federation was founded in 1950 in Zagreb.
# Knifetooth dogfish

The knifetooth dogfish (Scymnodon ringens), is a harmless sleeper shark of the family Somniosidae, found in the eastern Atlantic, from Scotland to Spain, Portugal, and Senegal, and the southwest Pacific from New Zealand, between latitudes 58°N and 15°N, at depths of between 200 and 1,600 m. Its length is up to 1.1 metres (3.6 ft).
# Vaulx, Tournai

Vaulx (Picard: Vau) is a village of Wallonia and a district of the municipality of Tournai, located in the province of Hainaut, Belgium.
# Codex Vyssegradensis

The Vyšehrad Codex (Czech: Kodex vyšehradský; Latin Codex Vyssegradensis), also known as the Coronation Gospels of King Vratislaus, is a late 11th-century illuminated Romanesque Gospel Book, which is considered the most important and most valuable manuscript kept in Bohemia (Czech Republic). Its extremely rich iconography and its visual components rank it among the most precious illuminated manuscripts of the second half of the 11th century in Europe. It was probably made at the order of Czech diplomats to honour an anniversary of the Czech King Vratislav's coronation which took place in 1085 (Vratislav was the first king of Bohemia, which was previously a dukedom). The codex is of Danubian provenance, and closely related to three other surviving manuscripts – two of them now in Poland and one in the Prague Chapter Library. They probably originated in the circle of the scriptorium at the Monastery of St. Emmeram in Regensburg. The manuscript is now located in the Czech National Library, Prague under the signature XIV A 13. In 2005 it was declared as a National cultural monument of the Czech Republic.
The earliest known representation of the Tree of Jesse is in the book. In a paper analysing this image, J.A. Hayes Williams points out that the iconography employed is very different from that usually found in such images, which she argues relates to an assertion of the rightful kingship of the royal patron. The page showing the Jesse Tree is accompanied by a number of other illuminated pages of which four depict the Ancestors of Christ. The Jesse Tree has not been used to support a number of figures, as is usual. Instead, the passage from Isaiah has been depicted in a very literal way. In the picture, the prophet Isaiah approaches Jesse from beneath whose feet is springing a tree, and wraps around him a banner with words upon it which translate literally as: "A little rod from Jesse gives rise to a splendid flower", following the language of the Vulgate. Instead of the ancestors seen in later depictions, seven doves (with haloes) perch in the branches. These, in a motif from Byzantine art, represent the Seven gifts of the Holy Spirit as described by the Apostle Paul. Williams go on to compare it with two other famous images, the Tree of Jesse window at Chartres Cathedral and the Lambeth Bible in England.
# Vojnik, Dibër

Vojnik (Albanian: Vojnik) is a village in the Republic of Albania, Dibër municipality.

## Geography

The village is located in the historical and geographical region of Dibër, on the border with North Macedonia.

## History

According to Vasil Kanchov (" Macedonia. Ethnography and Statistics "), 230 Muslim Albanians live in Vojnik.
During the First World War, the Austro-Hungarian military authorities conducted a census in 1916–1918 in the occupied parts of Albania and Vojnik was registered as a village with 263 Albanians and 16 Gypsies, a total of 279 Muslims. Linguists Klaus Steinke and Xhelal Ylli consider the census results to be accurate.
Until 2015, the village was part of the municipality of Maqellarë.
# Toomas Merila

Toomas Merila (born 15 August 1939) is an Estonian coach and former javelin thrower.
He was born in Tallinn. In 1963 he graduated from Tartu State University's Institute of Physical Education.
He started his sporting exercising under the guidance of sport club "Spartak" coaches Helmuth Kallik ja Ervin Uuk. He focused on javelin throw. Three times he was a member of Estonian national athletics team.
In 1970 he started his coaching career. 1988–1990 he was the acting chairman of Estonian Athletic Association. He has trained Annika Lall, Ruth Põldots, Andrus Värnik, Moonika Aava, Liina Laasma.
Awards:
* 2000 and 2003: Best Athletics Coach of Estonia
* 2003: Order of the Estonian Red Cross
* 2018: (Estonian: riiklik spordi elutööpreemia)
# Kushki

Kushki (Persian: كوشكي) may refer to:
* Kushki, Dowreh, Lorestan Province
* Kushki, Pol-e Dokhtar, Lorestan Province
* Kushki Do, Khuzestan Province
* Kushki-ye Olya
* Kushki-ye Sofla
* Seyyed Karim-e Kushki
* Kushki, North Khorasan
* Kushki Kikanlu, North Khorasan Province
* Kushki Raji, North Khorasan Province
* Kushki Torkaman, North Khorasan Province
* Kushki, a cheetah
# Adgilis Deda

Adgilis Deda (Georgian: ადგილის დედა) — literally, the "mother of locality" or "place-mother" — is a deity in the pre-Christian Georgian pantheon, especially revered by the mountaineers of northeast Georgia, such as the Khevsurs, as a protective spirit of a place (genius loci) and also as a deity of fertility to humans and livestock alike.
The ancient Georgians believed that each place — mountain, hill, ravine — had a "mother" which they called the "place-mother". She was portrayed as a beautiful lady with silver jewelry who patronized not only the location but also the foreigners who travelled in this area. With the advent of Christianity, this cult became closely associated with that of the Virgin Mary (Mother of God). They share some common features of rituals and Adgilis Ghvtismshobeli ("Mother of God of the Place") is still worshipped as a patroness of the community among the Georgian highlanders.
# Residential house of Nikolai Panin

The residential house of Nikolai Panin (Russian: Жилой дом Николая Панина) is a building in Rostov-on-Don which was built in 1910 in modernist style.

## History and description

The building was built on the project of the architect E. M. Gulin at the expense of the merchant N. A. Panin. Makes a uniform architectural complex with the Old Belief Pokrovsky Cathedral standing nearby. In Panin's house, the Old Belief almshouse was placed (according to other data – the house of the price). Nikolay Panin was a head of the community of Old Believers of Old Believers (the Russian drevlepravoslavny church now), and after the death, he bequeathed the house to the temple. In the 1920th years, the building was nationalized. The house of Nikolay Panin was taken № 411 of 9 October 1998, by the resolution of the Head of administration of the Rostov region under the state protection as an object of cultural heritage of regional value.
The house of Panin is located on Ulyanovskaya Street opposite to an apse of Old Belief Pokrovsky Cathedral. The two-storeyed building has a rectangular configuration in the plan. The ceremonial facade is accented by extreme raskrepovka with attics. The southeast corner of the building is topped with a dome with a spike. Architectural and art shape of construction form a plaster decor. The shovels which are placed on all height of the building carry out vertical partitioning of a facade. Windows of the first floor rectangular, and on the second – have the semi-circular end. Window openings are decorated by geometrical inserts. On the second floor subwindow niches of a rustovana, and a niche over windows have a profile of a difficult configuration. The main entrance with a swing door is in the right part of a facade.
# Abate Mekuria

Abate Mekuria (Amharic: አባተ መኩሪያ; 1944 – 20 July 2016) was an Ethiopian director, playwright, choreographer, and producer of shows for television, film and theatre.

## Early life

Abate was born in Addis Ababa. He attended the then Haile Selassie University, where he majored in English and minored in Theatre during the 1960s.

## Career

Abate Mekuria began his career working with American playwright and director Philip Caplan, who collaborated with several major contemporary Ethiopian playwrights and actors such as Tesfaye Gessesse, Debebe Seifu and Wogayehu Negatu. Abate advanced his studies in theatre in Glasgow in the mid-1960s, and film in Germany in 1969-1970 before pursuing a Directing course in London.
Best known for his Shakespearean plays translated into Amharic, including adaptations of Macbeth, Othello, and Hamlet, Abate had a knack for making larger than life productions and complex plays. Dubbed the ‘King of Ethiopian Opera’ Abate Mekuria found his passion melding music and theatre.
From 1976, in the capacity as director at the Ethiopian National Theatre until the 1991 revolution, Abate worked closely with Tsegaye Gabre-Medhin, who for years almost exclusively wrote plays that Abate would direct. Abate's talent would transform Tsegaye's long (and sometimes boring) monologues into captivating drama.
In 1990 he penned and directed The Shoe Shine Boys opera, which dealt with contemporary social issues of Ethiopia's lower classes, this would lead to government pressure, who viewed the play tarnished its image.

### Criticism

Jane Plastow in her 1996 book, criticized Abate Mekuria's and Tsegaye Gabre-Medhin's control over the theatre. A skit has been circulating since 1987 which showed the scheme of the two men planning a programme to maintain their stranglehold over the theatre until 2010. From his appointment in 1976 up to 1987, Abate refused to admit university graduates to the theatre despite pressures to do so, while other theatre houses did provide opportunities to students and young people. Plastow claimed that "Abate Mekuria stood out as the director most jealously retaining his power, and possibly most nervous about losing it". It was not until his rift with Tsegaye Gabre-Medhin in 1988 that Abate changed course, and allowed graduates to the theatre and plays by a variety of writers, in his final years at the theatre.

## Legacy

Abate Mekuria passed away on July 20, 2016, in Addis Ababa Hiwot Hospital due to prostate cancer.

## List of plays

* Haltu Be Sidist Wer (1966)
* Othello (1973)
* Hamus (1978)
* Epides Negus (1988)
* Be Hamle Chereka Guzo (1996)
* Afageshign (2003)
# Dora, Nadvirna Raion, Ivano-Frankivsk Oblast

Dora (Ukrainian: Дора, Polish: Dora) former village in Ukraine, now — part of the city of Yaremche, Nadvirna Raion, Ivano-Frankivsk Oblast, Ukraine.

## History

Until the end of 1952, the villagers resisted the Moscow occupiers with arms in their hands.

## Religion

* Church of John the Baptist (1844, wooden, UGCC)

## Notable residents

* Yustyn Boiko (born 1977), Ukrainian religious figure, studious hieromonk, writer, blogger, Doctor of Theology (2012)
* Stepan Hanushevskyi (1917—1996), Ukrainian bandura player
* Vasyl Baiurak (1722—1754), leader of the uprising in 1745–1754, supporter of Oleksa Dovbush
* Vasyl Ivasiuk (born 1960), ruling bishop of the Kolomyia Eparchy of the UGCC
* Teodor Martyniuk (born 1974), Auxiliary Bishop of Ternopil-Zboriv of the UGCC
* Mykhailo Kosylo (1932—2000), Ukrainian Greek Catholic priest, Soviet political prisoner, rector of the underground seminary of the Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church, Vicar General of Bukovyna
* Vasyl Semeniuk (born 1949), Archbishop and Metropolitan of Ternopil-Zboriv of the UGCC. Master of Theology (1997).
* Blessed Martyr Anthonii Kaznovskyi (1878—1959), priest of the UGCC, a public figure, repressed, and died in a Soviet prison