OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Pascoe St Leger Grenfell

Pascoe St Leger Grenfell (5 November 1798 — 27 March 1879) was a British businessman who was a key backer of the South Australian Company. He was a committee member of the South Australian Church Society, and is known for donation of an acre of land on North Terrace, Adelaide which was used for the construction of the Holy Trinity Church — one of the first churches built in the city and the colony. He also donated 40 acres of land for the use of the church as glebe lands. This land later became the suburb of Trinity Gardens. Grenfell Street, Adelaide was named after him.

## Biography

Pascoe St Leger was the second son of Pascoe Grenfell (1761–1838) and Georgiana St Leger and grandson of Pascoe Grenfell (1729–1810) and St Leger St Leger, 1st Viscount Doneraile. He was born in London and educated at Eton College.
He married twice, having nine children by his first wife, including Francis Grenfell, 1st Baron Grenfell. He was the grandfather of the politician Cecil Alfred Grenfell and the soldier Francis Octavius Grenfell, the great-grandfather of the courtier Frances Campbell-Preston and the great-great-grandfather of the politician William Waldegrave.
Following the death of his father in 1838, Grenfell took control of Pascoe Grenfell & Sons, his father's and grandfather's copper and tin smelting businesses on the River Tawe in Swansea, Wales. On the abolition of slavery by Britain in 1833, Grenfell applied for compensation for the 347 slaves he owned in Jamaica. Grenfell was awarded £4121 (equivalent to £494,001 in 2023) in compensation for 216 slaves at the Hazelymph estate in St James, Jamaica and unsuccessful in his claim for 131 slaves at St Elizabeth estate, also in Jamaica.
He died in Nottingham, and was buried in the family vault in Taplow, Buckinghamshire.

## South Australian Church Society

Grenfell with South Australia Company Director Raikes Currie, William Wolryche-Whitmore and Reverend Sir Henry Robert Dukinfield were key committee members of the Society for the Propagation of the Gospel in Foreign Parts (SPG) and were all involved with the establishment of South Australia as a free colony.
In the mid 1830s Grenfell was involved with the South Australian Church Society, an organisation primed to generate funds for the construction of churches and employ ministers in the new colony of South Australia. Colonel William Light, the Surveyor General of the new colony and the City of Adelaide, had authority to select land for the South Australian Church Society. He selected the site where Holy Trinity Church stands on North Terrace. Pascoe St Leger Grenfell transferred Town Acre No. 9 (order no. 171) for the building of the Holy Trinity Church, Adelaide and 40 acres of country land for 'glebe' lands in an area that later became the suburb Trinity Gardens. Grenfell had purchased the land in December 1835 for 12 shillings but by March 1836 had donated it for the church. The entire donation had an estimated value of 70 shillings and made him the largest private contributor to the venture.
# St. Mary's Monastery Church, Dhivër

St. Mary's Monastery Church (Albanian: Kisha e Manastirit të Shën Mërisë Mavrodhivrit) is a monastery church in Dhivër, Vlorë County, Albania. It is a Cultural Monument of Albania.
# Chernavsky

Chernavsky or Chernavskii (Russian: Чернавский), feminine: Chernavskaya is a Russian-language surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Aleksei Chernavskii, Russian mathematician, specializing in differential geometry and topology
* Yury Chernavsky, Russian producer, composer and songwriter
# San Juan Spruce

The San Juan Spruce is a Sitka spruce (Picea sitchensis) tree located in the San Juan Valley of Vancouver Island, British Columbia, Canada. Until July 2016 it was the second largest known Sitka spruce tree by volume, surpassed only by the Queets Spruce in Washington, United States.

## History

The tree flourished due to its location on the shaded southern slopes of the San Juan Valley and on the banks of the San Juan River.
In July 2016, the San Juan Spruce lost significant height and mass due to a lightning strike. It is no longer considered among the largest Sitka spruce trees but its large diameter is still remarkable.

## Dimensions

These measurements were taken sometime before 2010, at least six years prior to the tree's partial collapse.
| Height above base | 60.48 m | 198.4 ft |
| Circumference 1.3 m (4.27 ft) above height point on ground | 11.65 m | 38.2 ft |
| Diameter 1.3 m (4.27 ft) above height point on ground | 3.71 m | 12.2 ft |
| Average crown spread | 22.9 m | 75.1 ft |
| Estimated bole volume | 333 m$^3$ | 11,760 cu ft |
# Diarmuid Cody

Diarmuid Cody (born 1994) is an Irish hurler. At club level he plays with James Stephens, and has also lined out at inter-county level with various Kilkenny teams.

## Career

Cody first played hurling as a schoolboy at St Kieran's College in Kilkenny. He was part of the college team that won back-to-back Leinster Colleges SHC titles in 2011 and 2012, while he also claimed a Croke Cup medal after a defeat of Ardscoil Rís in 2011. Cody later lined out with Cork Institute of Technology in the Fitzgibbon Cup.
At club level, Cody began his career at juvenile and underage levels with James Stephens. He was still eligible for the minor grade when he won a Kilkenny SHC after a defeat of Ballyhale Shamrocks in 2011. Cody added a Kilkenny MHC medal to his collection the following year. He has also served as senior team captain.
Cody first appeared on the inter-county scene with Kilkenny during an unsuccessful two-year stint with the minor team in 2011 and 2012. He later progressed to the under-21 team where his tenure was equally unsuccessful.
By that stage, Cody's under-21 performances had resulted in a call-up to the senior team training panel in 2015. He won a set of Leinster SHC and All-Ireland SHC medals as a non-playing substitute later that season. Cody once again claimed a Leinster SHC medal as a non-playing substitute in 2016, before suffering All-Ireland final defeat by Tipperary.

## Personal life

His father, Brian Cody, won four All-Ireland SHC medals as a player with Kilkenny, before managing the team to 11 All-Ireland SHC titles during his 24 seasons in charge. His mother, Elsie Walsh, played camogie with Wexford. His brother, Donnacha Cody, was part of the Kilkenny team that won three successive All-Ireland SHC titles between 2006 and 2008.

## Honours
### St Kieran's College

* All-Ireland Colleges Senior Hurling Championship: 2011
* Leinster Colleges Senior Hurling Championship: 2011, 2012

### James Stephens

* Kilkenny Senior Hurling Championship: 2011
* Kilkenny Minor Hurling Championship: 2012

### Kilkenny

* All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship: 2015
* Leinster Senior Hurling Championship: 2015, 2016
# Tobias Karlsson (footballer)

Tobias Helldén (né Karlsson; born 14 January 1989) is a Swedish former professional footballer who played the majority of his career for Falkenbergs FF as a defender.
# Gorodenka Creek

Gorodenka Creek (Estonian: Gorodenka oja) is a stream in Alutaguse Parish, Ida-Viru County, Estonia. The river joins the Narva river on its left side 19 km (12 mi) from the mouth of Lake Peipus.

## Course

The Gorodenka is an 18.5-kilometer (11.5 mi) long forest stream, and it flows toward the east. It runs through a drained forest area, straight dug and gutted. Despite that, the stream flows along rocky outcrops in some places. Halfway, it reaches Puhatu Swamp and Kaseso and Laukaso, which it passes between. After the marshes, it continues to the source Kuningaküla. The stream empties into the Narva River.
# Zykina

Zykina (Russian: Зы́кина) is a Russian female surname, male is Zykin. Notable people with the surname include:
* Lyudmila Zykina (1929–2009), Russian folk singer
* Olesya Zykina (born 1980), Russian athlete
# Jeon Won-keun

Jeon Won-Keun (Korean: 전원근, born 13 November 1986) is a South Korean football player.

## Club career

Gangwon FC called upon Jeon as their first pick in the 2009 K-League Draft. He quickly established himself in the first team, playing in all but two of Gangwon's league matches in 2009. At the end of the 2009 playing season, on 30 November 2009, he moved to Daegu FC. He saw little on field action during the 2010 season, making only three appearances with the senior squad. On 2 August 2011, he moved to K-League rivals Gyeongnam FC.

## Club career statistics

    As of 5 November 2011
| Club performance | Club performance | Club performance | League | League | Cup | Cup | League Cup | League Cup | Total | Total |
| Season | Club | League | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals |
| South Korea | South Korea | South Korea | League | League | KFA Cup | KFA Cup | League Cup | League Cup | Total | Total |
| 2009 | Gangwon FC | K-League | 26 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 28 | 1 |
| 2010 | Daegu FC | K-League | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 0 |
| 2011 | Daegu FC | K-League | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 2011 | Gyeongnam FC | K-League | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Career total | Career total | Career total | 29 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 31 | 1 |
# Gukjo

Gukjo (literally meaning National ancestor) was a temple name given to one of the ancestors of King Taejo of Goryeo. The identity of this ancestor varied depending on the source, with the official history of Goryeo, the Goryeosa, stating that it was his great-great-grandfather, Kang Po-yuk.

## Identity
### Po-yuk

According to P'yŏnnyŏn t'ongnok [ko] and Koryŏsa chŏryo [ko], the identity of Gukjo was Kang Po-yuk.
Kang Po-yuk was the son of Gang Chung. He had two brothers named as Ijegŏn and Po-sŭng. Kang Po-yuk married his niece Kang Tŏk-chu, the daughter of his brother Ijegŏn, and their daughter Kang Chin-ŭi was born. Chin-ŭi would be the mother of Chakchegŏn, the grandfather of King Taejo.

### Other people

Later period Goryeo individuals questioned the identification of Po-yuk as Gukjo. Yi Che-hyŏn questioned the fact that Po-yuk, who was traditionally portrayed as not being a direct male ancestor of the House of Wang, was given a temple name rather than his son-in-law, Taejo's paternal great-grandfather. Yi believed that Gukjo could not have been Po-yuk as he was not a direct male ancestor of the House of Wang. He pointed out that in the Wangdae Chongjok-ki (Genealogical Record of the Wang Dynasty), a now-lost work, that the temple name Gukjo was given to the great-grandfather of Taejo, the husband of Chin-ŭi. While traditionally her husband was Suzong of Tang, this was already in dispute by the late Goryeo period.
During the late Goreyo period, Yi Saek would claim that that Gukjo was instead Ho-gyŏng instead of Po-yuk.
# Coronary ligament

The coronary ligament of the liver refers to parts of the peritoneal reflections that hold the liver to the inferior surface of the diaphragm.

## Structure

The convex diaphragmatic surface of the liver (anterior, superior and a little posterior) is connected to the concavity of the inferior surface of the diaphragm by reflections of peritoneum. The coronary ligament is the largest of these, having an anterior (frontal) and posterior (back) layers.
The diaphragmatic surface of the liver that is in direct contact with the diaphragm (just beyond the peritoneal reflections) has no peritoneal covering, and is termed the bare area of the liver.
The anterior layer of the coronary ligament is formed by the reflection of the peritoneum from the upper margin of the bare area of the liver to the under surface of the diaphragm.
The posterior layer of the coronary ligament is reflected from the lower margin of the bare area and is continuous with the right layer of the lesser omentum.
The anterior and posterior layers converge on the right and left sides of the liver to form the right triangular ligament and the left triangular ligament, respectively. In between the two sides of the anterior layer, the reflection of peritoneum has an inferior continuation termed the falciform ligament. The falciform ligament contains the round ligament of liver.

## Additional images

* The superior surface of the liver.
# Diarmuid McMahon

Diarmuid McMahon (born 1981) is an Irish sportsperson. He plays hurling with his local club Kilmaley and has been a member of the Clare senior hurling team since 2004.
# Somali Labour Party

Somali Labour Party (Somali: Xisbiga Shaqaalaha Somaliyeed) is a Somali political party. Founded on 7 October 2011 in Toronto, Canada. On 11 August 2018, it was temporarily registered in the Mogadishu. The party's main headquarters are located in Hamar Weyne District.
The Somali Labor Party has been operating informally since its inception and its activities have been officially announced following the issuance of the Provisional Registration Certificate.
# Taymyr Strait

Taymyr Strait (Russian: Таймырский пролив) is a 3 km-wide strait in Russia. It separates Taymyr Island from Taymyr Peninsula, and connects the Palander Strait in the west with the Taymyr Gulf in the east.
# Cen Leka

Cen Leka (Albanian: Cen Leka) was an Albanian rebel and leader of the uprising from 1843 to 1844 in Dibër County Albania.

## Biography

Cen Leka was born in the village of Zogje in Dibër. He led the Albanians in Dibër in revolt against the Tanzimat reforms. Leka's rebel army attempted to stop the advance of the Ottoman army led by Haireddin Pasha. The rebels offered the greatest resistance in the Battle of Gjorice, which lasted for five days. According to the report of a French diplomat in Yanina, women and children even participated in the battle. The Ottoman army suffered significant losses so severely, that it was forced to retreat for another 2 years. But due to its overwhelming superiority in manpower and weaponry, the Ottoman army later returned not in Dibër, but through Librazhd south of Dibër. There is an Albanian folk song dedicated to the battle Called “Hajredin Pasha”.
# Chakhmaq Bolagh

Chakhmaq Bolagh (Persian: چخماق بلاغ), also rendered as Chakhmakh-bulag or Chakhmaqbolaq or Chaqmaq Bulagh or Khomaq Bolagh may refer to:
* Chakhmaq Bolagh-e Olya
* Chakhmaq Bolagh-e Sofla
# Hilbrand J. Groenewold

Hilbrand Johannes "Hip" Groenewold (1910–1996) was a Dutch theoretical physicist who pioneered the largely operator-free formulation of quantum mechanics in phase space known as phase-space quantization.

## Biography

Groenewold was born on 29 June 1910 in Muntendam in the province of Groningen. He graduated from the University of Groningen, with a major in physics and minors in mathematics and mechanics in 1934. After a visit to Cambridge to interact with John von Neumann (1934–5) on the links between classical and quantum mechanics, and a checkered career working with Frits Zernike in Groningen, then Leiden, the Hague, De Bilt, and several addresses in the North of the Netherlands during World War II, he earned his Ph.D. degree in 1946, under the tutelage of Léon Rosenfeld at Utrecht University. In 1951, he obtained a position in Groningen in theoretical physics, first as a lecturer, then as a senior lecturer, and finally as a professor in 1955. He was the initiator and organizer of the Vosbergen Conference in the Netherlands for over two decades.
His 1946 thesis paper laid the foundations of quantum mechanics in phase space, in unwitting parallel with J. E. Moyal. This treatise was the first to achieve full understanding of the Wigner–Weyl transform as an invertible transform, rather than as an unsatisfactory quantization rule. Significantly, this work further formulated and first appreciated the all-important star-product, the cornerstone of this formulation of the theory, ironically often also associated with Moyal's name, even though it is not featured in Moyal's papers and was not fully understood by Moyal.
Moreover, Groenewold first understood and demonstrated that the Moyal bracket is isomorphic to the quantum commutator, and thus that the latter cannot be made to faithfully correspond to the Poisson bracket, as had been envisioned by Paul Dirac. This observation and his counterexamples contrasting Poisson brackets to commutators have been generalized and codified to what is now known as the Groenewold–Van Hove theorem. See Groenewold's theorem for one version.
Philosopher Toby Ord, in his 2020 book The Precipice: Existential Risk and the Future of Humanity, identified a pioneering discussion of general global catastrophic risk in Groenewold's 1968 paper "Modern Science and Social Responsibility", which Ord described as:
   A very early piece that anticipated several key ideas of existential risk. It failed to reach a wide audience, leaving these ideas in obscurity until they were independently discovered decades later.
# Kelly Crull

Kelly Ann Crull (born February 16, 1984) is an American sportscaster and television personality, who has been a digital and on-air contributor for the Oklahoma City Thunder, San Diego Padres, Chicago Cubs, Chicago Bulls, Atlanta Braves, and Atlanta Hawks. She has also worked for Fox Sports and NBC Sports Chicago.

## Early life

Crull is a native of Noblesville, Indiana, and attended Noblesville High School, where she played tennis and basketball. By her junior year, she realized that she was unlikely to play tennis professionally, but wanted to remain involved in sports. Being talkative and outgoing, she decided to pursue a career in sportscasting.

## Career

Crull earned a tennis scholarship to attend the University of Missouri, where she studied broadcast journalism. As part of her undergraduate experience, she worked for Columbia, Missouri NBC affiliate KOMU-TV, and she also had internships or did work for ESPN, the CBS News Bureau in London and Indianapolis NBC affiliate WTHR-TV. Crull graduated in 2006 and began her professional career at Lafayette, Indiana CBS affiliate WLFI-TV, where she covered the Purdue Boilermakers, Chicago Bears, Indianapolis Colts and Indianapolis 500.
In August 2008, she moved on to Oklahoma City ABC affiliate KOCO, where she served as the weekend sports anchor and a weekday sports reporter. She also covered the Oklahoma Sooners and Oklahoma State Cowboys. Then, she became a sideline reporter for the Oklahoma City Thunder for two seasons from 2010 to 2012. In addition to serving as the Thunder sideline reporter for the Fox Sports Network, she was host of the Thunder's pre-game show and weekly "Thunder Insider" show.
She joined Fox Sports San Diego in February 2013, serving as a beat reporter and hosting the "Padres Weekly" show. She also served as the backup sideline reporter (to primary sideline reporter Laura Rutledge) for the San Diego Padres. While a reporter for Fox, it became a tradition to drench Crull with gallons of liquid when the Padres had a walk-off victory.
Following the 2013 MLB season, she joined NBC Sports Chicago. In Chicago, she served as the Chicago Cubs beat reporter. She covered the Chicago Cubs World Series run in 2016. In February 2018, she co-hosted the sports trivia show Beer Money for its 100th episode. For the 2018–19 season, Crull served as the Chicago Bulls sideline reporter for the network. In 2020, Crull joined Bally Sports South and Bally Sports Southeast to cover the Atlanta Braves. In 2022, Crull worked as a field reporter for Major League Baseball on TBS. Crull's contract with Bally expired before the 2024 Major League Baseball season.
# Aloys Van de Vyvere

Aloys (Alois) Jean Maria Joseph, Viscount Van de Vyvere (8 June 1871 – 22 October 1961) was a Belgian Catholic Party politician.

## Biography

Born in Tielt, Van de Vyvere studied law and philosophy and worked as a lawyer in Ghent, where he served as a local councillor between 1909 and 1911. In 1911 he was elected to the Belgian Chamber of Representatives for Roeselare and Tielt with the strong support of the Boerenbond (farmers' union). On 25 February 1920, he cofounded the oil company Compagnie Financière Belge des Pétroles (Petrofina), together with Fernand and Hector Carlier.
He held ministerial office regularly in the period from 1911 to 1926, beginning as Agriculture and Public works minister (1911–1912), then moving to Railways and Posts (1912–1914), Finance (1914–1918), Economic affairs (1920–1924), and returning to Agriculture (1925–1926). He was named an honorary minister of State in 1918.
Becoming the prime minister of Belgium in 1925, he presided over a party and cabinet in crisis, and his government fell after only a month.
He left politics in 1926, working in business. He died in Paris in 1961.

## Honours

* Belgium: Minister of State, By royal decree.
* Belgium: Grand cordon in the Order of Leopold
* by Royal Decree of 13.11.1919. Grand Officer in the Order of Leopold.
* 1923: Knight Grand Cross in the Order of Saint Gregory the Great, by request of cardinal Mercier.
* Spain: Knight Grand Cross in the Order of Isabella the Catholic
* Netherlands: Knight Grand Cross in the Order of the Netherlands Lion
* Luxemburg: Knight Grand Cross in the Order of the Oak Crown
# St. Nicholas Church (Staré Město)

The Church of Saint Nicholas (Czech: Kostel svatého Mikuláše) is a Late-Gothic and Baroque church in the Old Town of Prague. It was built between 1732-1737 on the site of a Gothic church from the 13th century which was also dedicated to Saint Nicholas.
The church was formerly used by the Czech and Slovak Orthodox Church. Since 1920 it has been the main church of the Czechoslovak Hussite Church and its Prague diocese.
During the Prague uprising in 1945, the church was used by the Czech partisans as a concealed site for Radio Prague, as the main radio building was under attack by the Waffen-SS.

## Gallery

* Night view
* Front entrance
* The interior of the church
# .470 Nitro Express

The .470 Nitro Express / 12.7x83mmR is a rifle cartridge developed by Joseph Lang in England for dangerous game hunting in Africa and India. This cartridge is used almost exclusively in double rifles. It is in wide use in the Southern and Central-East African region, favoured by hunting guides, primarily while out for hunting Cape buffalo and elephant.

## Overview

The .470 NE was originally designed by Lang's as a replacement for the .450 Nitro Express, after the .450 NE was banned in several British colonies including India in 1907 (its bullets could theoretically be removed from loaded rounds for use by natives in stolen .577/.450 Martini Henry rifles). Due to the heavy bullet and powder charge, the gun has significant recoil but this is mitigated by the low velocity, resulting in recoil being delivered as a strong push rather than a violent blow. Rifles chambered for this cartridge tend to be heavy double-gun style, and are typically quite expensive.
The .470 NE continues to be the most popular of all the Nitro Express cartridges. Ammunition and components are readily available.

## Handloading

Like other 'dangerous game' cartridges, ammunition is expensive compared with standard hunting cartridges, often costing up to 10 times more per shell than typical cartridges such as the .30-06. Because of this many shooters choose to handload the .470 NE. Brass can be obtained from a variety of sources, and like most reloading components varies in quality. Lighter loads for practice can be created that are more enjoyable and cheaper to shoot.

## In popular culture

Author and adventurer James S. Gardner provides a realistic, detailed account of the capabilities of a Nitro Express during an ill-fated safari, and again in a graphical account of a desperate firefight against men and a helicopter in his book, The Lion Killer.