OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Elisabeth Margaret Hopkins

Elisabeth Margaret Hopkins (April 22, 1894 – April 1991), born in Fort Gilkicker, Hampshire, England, was a painter and writer in British Columbia.

## Career

Elisabeth Hopkins, a cousin of Gerard Manley Hopkins and the granddaughter of the painter Frances Ann Hopkins. began painting during her childhood. Trained as a nurse at Middlesex Hospital in 1916, she saw service in the World War II and in Canada, to which she moved in 1954, at a nursing home in Victoria, BC, then at Victoria Veterans' Hospital. Afterwards, she ran an Anglican bookshop. She retired to Galiano Island where she joined the Galiano Painters Guild and afterwards moved to Saltspring Island.
In the 1970s and 1980s, her watercolour paintings created from her imaginary world were exhibited at the Bau Xi Galleries in Vancouver and Toronto. She illustrated and wrote a children's book, The Painted Cougar, published by Talon Books in 1977, which tells the story of Leon, a cougar in love with another cougar named Lurline. In 1982, an exhibition titled The magical world of Elisabeth Hopkins was curated by Joan Stebbins for the Southern Alberta Art Gallery in Lethbridge. She was the subject of a film made by Colin Browne for the National Film Board of Canada in 1984 titled Hoppy: A Portrait of Elisabeth Hopkins (Hoppy was her nickname to local residents in BC). The Elisabeth Margaret Hopkins fonds is in the University of British Columbia Library Rare Books and Special Collections.
# Ottilie Palm Jost

Ottilie Palm Jost (1878–1961) was a Canadian impressionist artist. She was born in Hamilton, Ontario and died in Munich. She helped to found the Hamilton Art Students League in 1898 and worked as a newspaper illustrator. Jost moved to the German Empire in 1911. In 1913 she married the sculptor Josef Jost. Jost painted murals and other impressionist art in Munich until her death in 1961.
# 2016 Denmark Open darts

2016 Denmark Open is a darts tournament, which took place in Esbjerg, Denmark on April 30, 2016.

## Results
### Last 64

| Round | Player |
| Last 16 | Oskar Lukasiak |
| Last 16 | Roger Janssen |
| Last 16 | Conan Whitehead |
| Last 16 | Martin Atkins |
| Last 16 | Sven Verdonck |
| Last 16 | David Carr |
| Last 16 | Dean Reynolds |
| Last 16 | Vladimir Andersen |
| Last 32 | Geert De Vos |
| Last 32 | Madars Razma |
| Last 32 | Jim Williams |
| Last 32 | Steve Lennon |
| Last 32 | Richard Veenstra |
| Last 32 | James Hurrell |
| Last 32 | Jimmy Hendriks |
| Last 32 | Daniel Larsson |
| Last 32 | Gino Vos |
| Last 32 | Andrew Rose |
| Last 32 | Frank Andreasen |
| Last 32 | Nicolai Olsen |
| Last 32 | Sven Wens |
| Last 32 | Mogens Christensen |
| Last 32 | Palle Madsen |
| Last 32 | Steen Lysen |
| Last 64 | Jamie Holmes |
| Last 64 | Per Laursen |
| Last 64 | Michael Meaney |
| Last 64 | Morten Olsen |
| Last 64 | Per Skau |
| Last 64 | Robin Lundemo Eidet |
| Last 64 | Søren Arnstrup |
| Last 64 | Steffen Olling |
| Last 64 | Ulrich Meyn |
| Last 64 | Lewis McGurn |
| Last 64 | Ryan Joyce |
| Last 64 | Phil Blackwell |
| Last 64 | Bradley Kirk |
| Last 64 | Mick Baker |
| Last 64 | Darryl Fitton |
| Last 64 | Willem Mandigers |
| Last 64 | Tony O'Shea |
| Last 64 | Daan Groen |
| Last 64 | Daniel Jahn Hadberg |
| Last 64 | Dennis Lindskjold |
| Last 64 | Gareth Watts |
| Last 64 | Heine Rasmussen |
| Last 64 | Jimmi Andersen |
| Last 64 | Steve Pearce |
| Last 64 | Leif Nielsen |
| Last 64 | Jeffrey Sparidaans |
| Last 64 | Shaun Carroll |
| Last 64 | Nick Kenny |
| Last 64 | Lars Helsinghof |
| Last 64 | Benny Nielsen |
| Last 64 | Bent Erik Højhus |
| Last 64 | Carl Henrik Hansen |

### Final 8

| Quarter-finals | Quarter-finals | Semi-finals | Semi-finals | Final | Final |
| Darius Labanauskas | 4 | | | | |
| Ross Montgomery | 2 | | | | |
| Ross Montgomery | 2 | Darius Labanauskas | 5 | | |
| | | Jamie Hughes | 1 | | |
| Jamie Hughes | 4 | Jamie Hughes | 1 | | |
| Danny Noppert | 1 | | | | |
| Danny Noppert | 1 | | | Darius Labanauskas | 6 |
| | | | | Davy Van Baelen | 5 |
| Davy Van Baelen | 4 | | | | | Davy Van Baelen | 5 |
| Wouter Vaes | 1 | | | | |
| Wouter Vaes | 1 | Davy Van Baelen | 5 | | |
| | | Glen Durrant | 3 | | |
| Glen Durrant | 4 | Glen Durrant | 3 | | |
| Richie Edwards | 0 | | | | |
# Edoardo Vera

Edoardo Vera (1821–1889) was an Italian opera composer.

## Works
### Operas

* Anelda da Messina
* Valeria: lyric tragedy in four acts to a libretto by Antonio Ghislanzoni – 1869
* Adriana Lecouvreur e la duchessa di Bouillon: (on the same subject as Adriana Lecouvreur) lyric drama in 4 acts to a libretto by Achille de Lauzières – 1856

### Songs

* "L'ombre"
* "La tradita"
* "Mescetimi il vin"
# Trümmerliteratur

Trümmerliteratur ("rubble literature"), also called Kahlschlagliteratur ("clear-cutting literature"), is a literary movement that began shortly after World War II in Germany and lasted until about 1950.
It is primarily concerned with the fate of former soldiers and POWs who could return to Germany, who must stand both before the rubble of their homeland and their possessions as well as before the rubble of their ideals and deal with it. American short stories served as a model for the authors of this epoch. The stylistic means employed were simple, direct language, which laconically described but did not evaluate the destroyed world, and a restriction, usual for short stories, of the space, narrated time, and characters.
On account of its simplification, writing of this epoch is also referred to as Kahlschlagliteratur ("clear-cutting literature"), and the aim of its authors was to use shortened sentences and straightforward language as a response to the misuse of German by the Nazis. They tried to show reality just as it was without any unnecessary information out of the view of the common people. A noteworthy example is Wolfgang Weyrauch who stressed magical realism. The literature was intended to help deal with the past and the recreation of the future, analyzing questions of truth, responsibility, and causes of the war and Holocaust, as well as serving as a critique of the political and social restoration of Germany.

## Well-known representatives

* Wolfgang Borchert (Draußen vor der Tür, Das Brot, An diesem Dienstag)
* Günter Eich (Züge im Nebel, Inventur, Latrine)
* Heinrich Böll (Haus ohne Hüter, Wo warst du, Adam?, Der Mann mit den Messern, Wanderer, kommst du nach Spa…)
* Wolfdietrich Schnurre (Ein Unglücksfall, Das Begräbnis), (Auf der Flucht)
* Wolfgang Weyrauch (Tausend Gramm)
* Heinz Rein (In einer Winternacht)
# Medina Warda Aulia

Medina Warda Aulia (born 7 July 1997 in Jakarta) is an Indonesian chess player. She has held the title of International Master since 2020, and Woman Grandmaster since 2013.
She qualified for the Women's Chess World Cup 2021, being defeated by Harika Dronavalli in the second round, and the Women's Chess World Cup 2023, where she beat Janelle Mae Frayna in the first round, and Sarasadat Khademalsharieh in the second round.

## Achievements

* 4th World Schools Chess Championships 2008 -Girls U11
* 10th ASEAN+ Age-Group Championships - Girls 12 in 2010
* 2nd Asean Chess Championships 2011 - Women
* Silver medal 2011 SEA Games Women's Individual Blitz Chess
* Bronze medal 2013 Asian Indoor and Martial Arts Games Mixed Team Blitz
* Bronze medal 2013 SEA Games Women's International Rapid and Women's International Blitz
* Bronze medal 2017 Asian Indoor and Martial Arts Games Women's Team Rapid
* Gold medal 2021 SEA Games Women's Team Rapid
# Mohamad Ervan

Mohamad Ervan (born 1992) is an Indonesian chess player. He was awarded the title of International Master in 2019.

## Chess career

Ervan won the Indonesian Chess Championship in 2018.
After his sixth-place performance in the 2021 Asian Individual Hybrid Chess Championships, where he was seeded 36th, he qualified for the Chess World Cup 2021 where he was drawn against Nodirbek Abdusattorov in the first round. He was defeated in their first game, but failed a COVID-19 test before their second game, handing the tie to his opponent by walkover.
# Harvey J. Stokes

Harvey J. Stokes (born 1957) is an American composer and oboist. As of 2020, he is Professor of Music at Hampton University in Hampton, Virginia, where he founded and directs a Computer Music Laboratory. Stokes earned his PhD from Michigan State University, where he studied with Jere Hutcheson and Charles Ruggerio, his MM from the University of Georgia, and his BM from East Carolina University. His previous teaching appointments include Miami University, Christopher Newport University, and the College of William and Mary.
Stokes is a highly-prolific composer, whose output includes 11 piano sonatas, 8 string quartets, at least 4 symphonies, and many other works for ensembles large and small. His style could be described as neoclassical, with tonal centers and a focus on polyphony.
His work has been programmed by numerous prominent organizations, including the Richmond Symphony, the Lancaster Symphony, the Virginia Beach Symphony, the Oxford String Quartet, and the New England Conservatory Contemporary Ensemble.
A respected educator, Stokes received the 2017-18 Edward L. Hamm Sr. Distinguished Teaching Award at Hampton University, and has been a consultant for The College Board, the Educational Testing Service, and the Educational Policy Improvement Center for the Advanced Placement (AP) in Music program.
Stokes has also written two books, A Selected Annotated Bibliography on Italian Serial Composers (Lewiston, ME: E. Mellen Press, 1989) and Compositional Language in the Oratorio The Second Act: The Composer as Analyst (Lewiston, ME: E. Mellen Press, 1992).
# Judith Shatin

Judith Shatin (Allen) (born November 21, 1949) is an American composer. Currently, she is William R. Kenan, Jr. Professor at the University of Virginia. She also founded and is Director of the Virginia Center for Computer Music. She holds degrees from Douglass College, the Juilliard School, and Princeton University, at which institution she was a pupil of Milton Babbitt.
In 2012 Shatin was honored as one of the Library of Virginia's "Virginia Women in History".
# Racić

Racić is a Serbo-Croatian surname.
It may refer to:
* Bojana Racić, former vocalist in the Serbian rock band Cactus Jack (band)|Cactus Jack
* Ljubiša Racić, former guitarist in the Yugoslav rock bands Formula 4 and Bijelo Dugme
* Zoran Racić, Serbian retired footballer
# Richard Mayston

Richard John Forrester Mayston CBE was an Anglican priest.
He was born in Dublin on 23 January 1907, educated at Trinity College, Dublin and ordained in 1931. He began his career as a curate in Holywood, County Down. Commissioned into the Royal Army Chaplains' Department, he served until 1958. He then became Provost of Leicester Cathedral, a post he held until his death on 13 May 1963.
# Norfolk Liberals

The Norfolk Island Liberal Party (Pitcairn-Norfolk: Norfuk Ailen Librel Paati), more commonly referred to simply as the Norfolk Liberals (Pitcairn-Norfolk: Norfuk Librels), is the Norfolk Island wing of the Liberal Party of Australia. It currently operates as the "Norfolk Island Interest Branch" of the Canberra Liberals.

## History

The Liberals won a single seat on the Norfolk Island Regional Council at the 2016 election. The party previously had representation on the Norfolk Island Legislative Assembly, which was dissolved in 2015.
At the 2015 status referendum, the party supported the "no" vote, which was ultimately unsuccessful.
Liberal councillor Dave Porter had intended to contest the 2020 election prior to its cancellation.

## Elected representatives
### Legislative Assembly

* Ian Anderson (2007−2010)
* Craig Anderson (2010−2013)
* Dave Porter (2013−2015)

### Regional Council

* Dave Porter (2016−2021)

## Election results

| Election | Seats won | ± | Total votes | % | Position | Leader |
| 2007 | 1 / 9 | 1 | 662 | 6.81% | Opposition | Ian Anderson |
| 2010 | 1 / 9 | 1 | 834 | 8.66% | Opposition | Craig Anderson |
| 2016 | 1 / 9 | 1 | 147 | 15.61% | Opposition | Dave Porter |
# Amber Ferenz

Amber Ferenz (born 1972) is an American musician, music educator and composer.

## Life

Amber Ferenz graduated with a bachelor's degree in bassoon performance from the North Carolina School of the Arts, and a Master of Fine Arts in orchestral performance from the California Institute of the Arts, and they studied with Mark Popkin, Julie Feves and Steven Dibner. After completing their studies, they worked as a bassoonist, becoming principal bassoonist of the Fayetteville Symphony, and the second bassoonist with the Asheville Symphony. They have also taught bassoon at California Polytechnic State University at San Luis Obispo, California Institute of the Arts, the University of North Carolina at Charlotte, and Wake Forest University.
Ferenz is also a violinist and has been a fellow at the Aspen Music Festival. They are a founding member of the Los Angeles-based chamber music collective inauthentica and have performed with the Open Dream Ensemble.

## Works

Ferenz composes mainly for solo bassoon and chamber ensemble. Selected works include:
* Love Medicine
* Unfinished Conversations
* Ice Cream Truck, for bassoon quartet
* Songs for Wicked children
* Los Angeles Sketches, for 4 bassoons
* Ice Cream Truck 2: "Son of Ice Cream Truck", for bassoon quartet
# Gerhard Stäbler

Gerhard Stäbler (born 1949) is a German composer born in Wilhelmsdorf near Ravensburg. He studied with Klaus Huber and came to prominence with the chamber orchestra "acronym" Den Müllfahrern von San Francisco (The Garbage Truck Drivers of San Francisco) in 1990. This was followed by lectures at the Darmstädter Ferienkurse in 1992. He has resided extensively abroad, including Stanford University in the 1980s and Yonsei University in Seoul in 1988 and has visited Israel and Lebanon repeatedly, writing a chamber cantata Den Toten von Sabra und Chatila to poems by the Palestinian poet Tawfiq Ziad (1982). In Germany he has concentrated his activities around the Ruhr Area.
# Jon Nelson (artist)

Jon Nelson is a sound collage artist and a radio show host for Some Assembly Required. He "mashes music and found sound — from old movies, laugh tracks, the news — to make what he calls the audio dreamscape of the media age." Jon Nelson has been championing the genre of mashup music for more than 10 years; Some Assembly Required is now syndicated throughout the United States and Canada. 262 episodes were produced from 1999 to 2011.

## Reviews and articles

* The Art of Mashups By Tom Asbrook, On Point, February 5, 2009
* Jon Nelson of Escape Mechanism 23007 by Katya Tylevich A.V. Club Twin Cities, January 28, 2009
* Some Assembly Required: Mash-Up Pioneer Dreams in Soundbites By Elizabeth Held, Wired Magazine, December 22, 2008
* Escape Mechanism promotes recycling! by Max Ross, Secrets of the City, September 16, 2008
* Click, shriek, boom! Sonic collage artist Escape Mechanism cuts and pastes while aural trickster Lost in Translation slashes and burns by Michaelangelo MatosCity Pages (Volume 20 - Issue 949 - February 10, 1999)

## Discography

* Escape Mechanism (Emphasis Added) (2008)
* Cast of Thousands with Escape Mechanism Self Titled (2004)
* Escape Mechanism, Steev Hise, The Tape-beatles, Wobbly Minneapolis Summit (2002)
* Escape Mechanism Self Titled (1998)
# Arthur Kreutz

Arthur R. Kreutz (July 25, 1906 – March 12, 1991) was an American composer.

## Life and career

Kreutz was born in La Crosse, Wisconsin. His paternal grandparents Frank R. Kreutz (originally František Kříž) and Paulina Zahradníková were born in the Czech village Pístina. Arthur's second cousin was the composer Robert E. Kreutz.
Kreutz composed the Paul Bunyan Suite, the Dixie Concerto, the score to Martha Graham's 1942 ballet Land Be Bright, and Symphonic Blues (for orchestra) (1947); some of his orchestral pieces were played by the New York Philharmonic, with whom he appeared at times as a guest conductor. Among his other works is a 1954 opera about the University Greys of the University of Mississippi. Kreutz taught from 1954 until 1961 at the University of Mississippi; he died of cancer in Oxford, Mississippi. The University holds his papers in its libraries.
# Bessie Marshall Whitely

Bessie Marshall Whitely or Whiteley (December 25, 1871 - November 7, 1944) was an American composer, pianist, and teacher. She attended the Oakland Conservatory of Music in Oakland, California, and studied with H. G. Pasmore, J. P. Morgan, and Louis Lesser. Whitely was a piano teacher and music supervisor in Kansas City, Missouri, for 32 years.
Whitely published an article on Form and Spirit in Music in the journal Music in 1892. Her opera Hiawatha's Childhood won the National Federation of Music Clubs award in 1912. Her music was published by G. Schirmer, Inc. and C. C. Birchard & Co. (later Summy-Birchard, then Birchtree Ltd.). Her compositions include:

## Opera

* Hiawatha's Childhood (for unchanged voices; composer)
* Pandora (text based on Henry Wadsworth Longfellow's Masque of Pandora)
* Sarita

## Orchestra

* Five Symphonic Sketches

## Vocal

* Four Winds (men's quartet)
* Garden of Buddha (woman's voice + men's quartet)
* Goblin (words by Florence C. Fox; music by Bessie Marshall Whitely)
* Hymn
* Landing of the Pilgrims
* Missouri
* Muramadzu (tenor and orchestra)
* Shadows (voice and piano; unspecified award winner)
* Three Madrigals (a capella chorus)
# Properdin

Properdin is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CFP (complement factor properdin) gene.
Properdin is plasma glycoprotein that activates the complement system of the innate immune system. This protein binds to bacterial cell walls and dying human cells to stabilize the C3 and C5-convertase enzyme complexes to form an attack complex that lead to the lysis of the cell.

## Structure

Properdin is a gamma globulin protein composed of multiple identical protein subunits with a separate ligand-binding site. Native properdin occurs in head-to-tail dimers, trimers and tetramers in the fixed ratio 22:52:28.

## Function

It is known that it participates in some specific immune responses. It plays a part in tissue inflammation as well as the engulfing of pathogens by phagocytes. In addition it is known to help to neutralize some viruses.
The properdin promotes the association of C3b with Factor B and provides a focal point for the assembly of C3bBb on a surface. It binds to preformed alternative pathway C3-convertases. Properdin also inhibits the Factor H – mediated cleavage of C3b by Factor I.
The alternative pathway is not dependent on antibodies. This branch of the complement system is activated by IgA immune complexes and bacterial endotoxins, polysaccharides, and cell walls, and results in producing anaphylatoxins, opsonins, chemotactic factors, and the membrane attack complex, all of which help fight pathogens.

## History

Properdin was discovered in 1954 by Dr. Louis Pillemer of the Institute of Pathology (now the Department of Pathology at Case Western Reserve University).

## Deficiency

Properdin deficiency is a rare X-linked disease in which properdin is deficient. Affected individuals are susceptible to fulminant meningococcal disease.
# Kuhsar Rural District

Kuhsar Rural District (Persian: دهستان كوهسار) may refer to:
* Kuhsar Rural District (Hashtrud County)
* Kuhsar Rural District (Khansar County)
* Kuhsar Rural District (Markazi Province)
# Pakistan Standard Time

Pakistan Standard Time (Urdu: پاکستان معیاری وقت, abbreviated as PKT) is UTC+05:00 hours ahead of Coordinated Universal Time. The time zone is in use during standard time in Asia.

## History

Present day Pakistan had been following UTC+05:30 since 1907 (during the British Raj) and continued using it after independence in 1947. On 15 September 1951, following the findings of mathematician Mahmood Anwar, two time zones were introduced. Karachi Time (KART) was introduced in West Pakistan by subtracting 30 minutes from UTC+05:30 to UTC+05:00, while Dacca Time (DACT) was introduced in East Pakistan by subtracting 30 minutes off UTC+06:30 to UTC+06:00. The changes were made effective on 30 September 1951. After the independence of Bangladesh in 1971, Karachi Time was renamed to Pakistan Standard Time.

## Daylight saving time

Daylight saving time was formerly observed in Pakistan in 2002, 2008 and 2009. It is currently not observed.
# Gerd Schönfelder

Gerd Schönfelder (born 2 September 1970 in Kulmain) is a German para-alpine skier, one of the most decorated in the sport's history.

## Biography

Gerd Schönfelder was born as the middle of three children; he has an older sister as well as a younger brother. During his youth he already did many types of sports, including skiing. However, prior to his accident he never had interest making a career out of it.
On 11 September 1989 Schönfelder tried to catch a train in Hersbruck which was already leaving the station. Back then it was still possible to open the doors while it was in motion. However, due to holding his jacket in his left hand, he wasn't able to get in. While making every attempt to open the door, Schönfelder stumbled, his right leg was stuck between the carriages and he got dragged below the train. He ducked, but due to him lying on the shoulder and his left hand laying on the rails by accident, he was hit by the train's bottom. In spite of his severe injuries, he got up by himself and was taken to the hospital in Erlangen. The doctors were able to save his life, however, they had to amputate both his right arm (including the shoulder) and all fingers of his left hand except the thumb. Even though it seemed like he could do nothing by himself anymore, his friends helped him to find joy in life again, they even would build a motorcycle he could use with the remainder of his hand. He also played soccer and eventually got into skiing. Eventually he heard of the Paralympics and due to his young age, he decided to make it a career. Also, in early 1991, through an operation, his left toe was transplanted on his hand, so that he could grab things again and manage life by himself.
Schönfelder won his first three gold medals at the 1992 Winter Paralympics. He has won an overall of sixteen gold medals at the Winter Paralympics, including four gold medals at the Salt Lake 2002 Games as well as four gold medals at the Vancouver 2010 Games and has won 22 Paralympic medals in his career. For his performance at the 2010 Games Schonfelder was won Best Male at the Paralympic Sports Awards.
He retired from skiing in January 2011.