# Meteoro-class offshore patrol vessel

The Meteoro-class offshore patrol vessel, also known as Buque de Acción Marítima (BAM), are modular offshore patrol vessels of the Spanish Navy adapted to different purposes from a common base, manufactured by Navantia. The BAMs combine high performance with mission versatility, a high commonality with other ships operated by the Spanish Navy. Acquisition and lifecycle costs are reduced.

## Description

The BAMs are a common platform for a variety of missions, used to develop whole families of types of ships that meet the diverse needs of the Spanish Navy.
Their main missions are:
* Protection and escort of other ships in low intensity/asymmetric warfare situations
* Control of maritime traffic
* Control and neutralization of terrorism and piracy
* Operations against drug trafficking and human trafficking
* Search and rescue
* Support for crisis situations and humanitarian aid
* Control of fishing laws
* Control of environmental legislation and anti-pollution.
Modular design enables the ships to be modified for purposes outside main missions such as hydrographic research, intelligence gathering, diving support and salvage operations.

## Building

The BAM project consists of 12 vessels.

### First phase

The first phase included the construction of six patrol boats. This phase was completed in January 2019 after twelve years.

### Second phase

Like the first phase, this second is composed of six units. Four of the hulls are patrol boats and the two remaining are specialized BAMs, one oceanographic and the other underwater rescue.

#### Characteristics of the oceanographic BAM

* Flight cover for medium helicopter (Lynx) without hangar.
* Transportation personnel: 20 scientists.
* Scientific premises: Biological, humid with cava, electronic, geological, meteorological, photographic laboratories.
* Drawing room, data center, local electronic equipment, electronics workshop, diving room with hyperbaric chamber, probe local and transducer site.
* Local gravimetry, spare cloths, oceanography warehouse, water clothing store.
* Probe nacelle, transverse propellers in bow and stern.
* Davits and chigres: Popa porch for oceanography and towed sonar, lateral davit for rosettes, lateral davit for plankton extraction.
* Possibility of stowing scientific containers in Toldilla Deck.
* Side scanning variable depth sonar (Medium / High Frequency) and sonar/parametric probe.

#### Characteristics of the underwater rescue BAM

The vessel was authorized for construction at a projected cost of 166 million Euros in 2021; construction of the new vessel (named Poseidón) began in July 2023 and she is planned for delivery in 2026.
* Rescue and support to the rescue of submarines. The new rescue vessel will be known as the BAM-IS (Intervención Subacuática/Underwater Intervention).
* Support for diving operations.
* Intervention and rescue in accidents and shipwrecks.
* Surveillance and monitoring of the heritage (of growing interest in litigation with the company Odyssey over the frigate Nuestra Señora de las Mercedes between 2007 and 2012).
* Search and rescue operations.
* Transport of personnel and material.
* Fight against pollution.

### Third phase

Two additional offshore patrol vessels (BAM III) were approved for acquisition in 2023 at a cost of 550 million Euros. They are planned for service entry in the mid to latter 2020s and will replace capacity that is being lost with the retirement of the last two Descubierta-class offshore patrol vessels, Infanta Elena and Infanta Cristina, in 2023.

## History

Construction began on 4 October 2007 with the cutting of the first sheet and was placed on the stands the first on 13 March 2009, in the shipyard San Fernando. The budget was €352m but the final cost was €488.4m for four units (~US$160m each).
In June 2009, the Secretary of State for Defence and Congress confirmed the construction of a second batch to replace older patrol boats of the Anaga (3), Toralla (2), Descubierta (4) and the now-retired Barceló (6) and Conejera (4) classes. In September 2010, the Ministry of Defence said a contract would be signed with Navantia for four additional vessels to be delivered by 2015, but the contract has yet to be signed. Navantia has indicated that the Batch 2 vessels will be more modular, with the potential to switch between oceanography, intelligence gathering and search-and-rescue. One will be a diving support vessel, and one will be a research vessel for hydrography and logistical support in the Antarctic. The acquisition of two vessels, to enter service in 2019, was formally approved by the Spanish cabinet on 18 July 2014 at a cost of €166.74m (US$224m) each. However, the envisaged in service date was subsequently delayed until the mid-2020s.
After the authorization by the Ministry of Finance in 2020 of the investment of 167 million euros,26 at the end of 2021 the Ministry of Defense signed the order to execute the project for the construction of a new BAM, in its intervention version subacuática (BAM-IS). In April 2023 it was confirmed that it would receive the name Poseidón and the hull number A-21.
In June 2023, after the approval of the Treasury, the Council of Ministers began the procedures for the construction of two new BAMs for maritime patrol, with extensive anti-submarine warfare capabilities, for 550 million euros.

## Ships

| Pennant Number | Ship name | Builder | Laid down | Launched | Commissioned | Homeport | Status |
| P-41 | Meteoro | Navantia, San Fernando | 4 October 2007 | 16 October 2009 | 28 July 2012 | Las Palmas Naval Base | Active |
| P-42 | Rayo | Navantia, San Fernando | 3 September 2009 | 18 May 2010 | 26 October 2011 | Las Palmas Naval Base | Active |
| P-43 | Relámpago | Navantia, San Fernando | 17 December 2009 | 6 October 2010 | 6 February 2012 | Las Palmas Naval Base | Active |
| P-44 | Tornado | Navantia, San Fernando | 5 May 2010 | 21 March 2011 | 19 July 2012 | Las Palmas Naval Base | Active |
| P-45 | Audaz | Navantia, San Fernando | 29 April 2016 | 30 March 2017 | 27 July 2018 | Cartagena Naval Base | Active |
| P-46 | Furor | Navantia, Ferrol | 29 April 2016 | 8 September 2017 | 21 January 2019 | Cartagena Naval Base | Active |
| P-47 | TBD | | | | | | |
| P-48 | TBD | | | | | | |
| A-21 | Poseidón [es] | | 2023 | 2024 | 2025 | | |