OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# John Towill

John Towill coached and choreographed national and international champions in dance, freestyle, pairs, and synchronized ice skating. He is a member of the National Ice Skating Association, U.S. Figure Skating, PSA, and the Ice Skating Institute. He was a member of the Great Britain International Team and a Great Britain Professional Champion. Towill was the head coach of the Precisely Right synchronized skating team from Mennen Arena in Morris Plains, New Jersey, United States.
# Maasheybash

Maasheybash (Russian: Маашейбаш) is a mountain in the Altai Republic, Russia. At 4,177 m (13,704 ft) it is the highest summit in the Northern Chuya Range, part of the Chuya Belki, Altai Mountains, South Siberian System.
The Saylyugemsky National Park is a protected area located about 15 kilometres (9.3 mi) to the west of the mountain in a straight line.

## Description

Maasheybash is a 4,177 metres (13,704 ft) high ultra-prominent mountain. Other sources give a height of 4,173 metres (13,691 ft).
Located in the area of Kosh-Agachsky District, it is one of the highest peaks of the Altai Mountains. The southern face has a steep cliff and on the western side the mountain gradually drops down to a height of 3,600 metres (11,800 ft). Its geological composition is lava and tuff, as well as argillaceous and siliceous shale. The Masashey glacier, as well as kurums, descend from the slopes of the mountain.
# Antonije Anta Aleksić

Antonije Anta Aleksić (9 May 1844 in Pančevo, Austrian Empire – 12 November 1893 in Belgrade, Serbia) was a hydrologist, military geographer and publicist, and an engineering officer. He was a member of the Committee on the Sciences of Mathematics (from 17 February 1874); and an honorary member of the Serbian Learned Society.
As a military geographer and cartographer, he made a plan for the surrounding area of Belgrade based on his own recordings (1865–1866) on a scale of 1:50.000. He also surveyed and recorded the Morava valley, that is from Bagrdan to Kruševac at a scale of 1:200.000 (Алексић, 1876). One of his first works concerning cartographic development contains a discussion called Građa za kartografiju i geografiju Srbije (Serbian Cartography and Geography Material). It was published in 1883 by Годишњица Николе Чупића (Godišnjica Nikola Čupića) or better yet the Nikola Čupić Annual Edition. In his work Мачва, са нарочитим погледом на поплавне прилике са географском картом, 1891 (Mačva, With a Particular View of the Flood Conditions with a Geographical Map, 1891), Aleksić also submitted the first Hydrographic Map of the Mačva, for the melioration and hydro technics purposes. The map shows meandering river flows, meanders, still waters, wetlands, and drainage of the terrain.
As an early Serbian hydrologists, he studied the waters in the March, situated along the Pannonian rivers, the Danube, Sava and the Tisa. Anta Aleksić made significant and remarkable contributions to the development of hydrology along with others who preceded him, notably Jovan Stefanović Vilovski and David Pešić.

## Works

* 1865-1866: Plan okoline Beograda (The Plan Around Belgrade) 1:50.000. Beograd
* 1876: Morava, njeno sadašnje stanje i mogućnost plovidbe (Morava, its Current Condition and Future Development of Navigation), Glasnik Srpskog učenog društva (Gazette Serbian learned Society);
* 1882: Mačvanska blatišta (Marshes of Macva), Godišnjica Nikola Čupić (Yearbook Nikola Čupić);
* 1883: Građa za kartografiju i geografiju Srbije" (Serbian Cartography and Geography Material), Godišnjica Nikola Čupić (Yearbook Nikola Čupić);
* 1891: Mačva sa naročitim pogledom na poplavne prilike (sa geografskom kartom) (Mačva With a Particular View of the Flood Conditions (with a Geographical Map), Glasnik Srpskog učenog društva (Gazette Serbian Learned Society).
# Al-Qawym

Al-Qawym (Arabic: القويم) is a sub-district located in At Taffah District, Al Bayda Governorate, Yemen. Al-Qawym had a population of 829 according to the 2004 census.
# Mu of Balhae

Dae Mu-ye, also known as King Mu (Korean: 무왕; Hanja: 武王) (r. 719–737), was the second king of the Balhae. He is noted for the military expansion of his domain.

## Background

Dae Mu-ye was the eldest son of Dae Jo-yeong, the founder of the ancient kingdom of Balhae, He ascended to the throne after the death in 719 of his father. He was given the title of "King of the Gyeru Province" by Tang Emperor Xuanzong. He gave the posthumous title King Go to his father, Dae Jo-yeong. Since then, He declared the era name In-an, an act of independence from China's Tang dynasty. On the other hand, he frequently sent embassies to the Tang, including his sons and brothers.

## Reign

Balhae's aggressive expansion triggered frictions with Tang China, Silla of southern Korea, the Khitans, the Xi, the Göktürks, and several Mohe tribes. When the Heishui Mohe in the north of Balhae came under the direct control of the Tang in 727, he attacked the Heishui Mohe fearing a pincer attack.
732, King Mu ordered a punitive expedition against Tang in present-day Shandong, sending the Balhae navy at the command of Jang Mun-hyu. In the same year, he led troops to Madushan (馬都山) in the vicinity of Shanhaiguan and occupied nearby towns. In 733, Chinese Emperor Xuanzong ordered Dae Mun-ye to attack Balhae, along with forces from Silla, but the attack was unsuccessful and they were repelled.
In 727, Balhae began to dispatch embassies to Japan to avoid international isolation. The king sent an official document to Japan indicating that Balhae recovered the terrain of Goguryeo and succeeded to the culture of Buyeo. Japan, whose relationship with Silla was strained, welcomed them as a revival of Goguryeo.
In 732, He made an assault on Tang empire's Dengzhou. During the assault, the local governor of Dengzhou Wei Jun was killed. The assault was mostly an act of piracy and did not elevate to an international conflict until Wei's death. Later, Tang, allied with Silla, invaded Balhae but the advance of the allied troops was deterred by heavy snow.
Dae Muye was succeeded by his son Dae Heummu in 737.
# Divdan

Divdan (Persian: ديودان, also Romanized as Dīvdān) is a village in Byaban Rural District, Byaban District, Minab County, Hormozgan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 124, in 19 families.
# Union of State Administration Employees

The Union of State Administration Employees (Serbo-Croatian: Sindikat službenika državnih ustanova Jugoslavije) was a trade union representing civil servants in Yugoslavia.
The union was founded in 1949, when the State Administrative and Judicial Institutions Employees Union merged with the Union of Financial Officials.Like both its predecessors, it affiliated to the Confederation of Trade Unions of Yugoslavia. By 1954, it claimed 137,551 members, and was led by Marjan Vivoda.
In 1963, the union merged with Union of Health Workers, the Union of Educational and Scientific Workers, the Union of Cultural and Artistic Institutions, and the Federation of Trade Unions of Civil Servants and Public Service Workers, to form the Union of Public Service Workers.
# Chirality Medal

The Chirality Medal, instituted by the Società Chimica Italiana in 1991 to honor internationally recognized scientists who have made a distinguished contribution to all aspects of chirality, is awarded each year by a Chirality Medal Honor Committee composed of the Chirality International Committee members and the most recent recipients of the Chirality Medal. The medal is awarded to the recipient at the International Conference on Chirality.

## List of Past Winners

| Year | Winner | Country |
| 1991 | Emanuel Gil-Av | Israel |
| | Jean Jacques | France |
| 1992 | Vladimir Prelog | Switzerland |
| 1993 | Kurt Mislow | United States |
| 1994 | William H. Pirkle | United States |
| 1995 | Koji Nakanishi | United States |
| 1996 | Ernest. L. Eliel | United States |
| 1997 | Ryoji Noyori | Japan |
| 1998 | Henri B. Kagan | France |
| 1999 | Vadim Davankov | Russia |
| 2000 | K. Barry Sharpless | United States |
| 2001 | Yoshio Okamoto | Japan |
| 2002 | Dieter Seebach | Switzerland |
| 2003 | Daniel W. Armstrong | United States |
| 2004 | Volker Schurig | Germany |
| 2005 | Kensō Soai | Japan |
| 2006 | Meir Lahav | Israel |
| 2007 | Nina Berova | United States |
| 2008 | Wolfgang Lindner | Austria |
| 2009 | Bernard L. Feringa | Netherlands |
| 2010 | Kenji Mori | Japan |
| 2011 | Laurence D. Barron | United Kingdom |
| 2012 | Eric N. Jacobsen | United States |
| 2013 | Eiji Yashima | Japan |
| 2014 | Manfred T. Reetz | Germany |
| 2015 | Christopher J. Welch | United States |
| 2016 | Andreas Pfaltz | Switzerland |
| 2017 | Takuzo Aida | Japan |
| 2018 | Bert Meijer | Netherlands |
| 2019 | Laurence A. Nafie | United States |
| 2022 | David MacMillan | United States |
| 2023 | Ron Naaman | Israel |
# Christopher Rowland

Christopher John Salter Rowland (26 September 1929 – 5 November 1967) was a British politician. He was rated one of the more effective of the Labour Party's 1964 intake to Parliament, but died at the age of 38.

## Student life

Rowland went to Chesterfield Grammar School and then the London School of Economics where he obtained a degree in Economic Science. He then went to Corpus Christi College, Oxford where he obtained a Bachelor of Philosophy degree.

## Student politics

Having joined the Labour Party in 1946, Rowland became an active participant in student politics: in 1952 he was Chairman of the London School of Economics Labour Society. In 1953 he was elected Chairman of the National Association of Labour Student Organisations, a sabbatical post. He also joined the Fabian Society, for whom he became Treasurer of the Africa Bureau.

## BBC producer

On leaving student politics in 1954 he was recruited by the BBC as a talks producer in the Overseas Service. In 1957 he was on the Executive of the Commonwealth Fund Fellowship to the USA. When he fought Eastleigh in the 1959 general election, he had to leave the BBC which was committed to political neutrality (his dismissal became a controversy); in 1960 he moved to the Booker Group where he was an Information Officer.

## Elected to Parliament

Rowland succeeded in winning the Meriden seat at the 1964 general election, a gain which was one of the last constituencies to be announced and which showed that Labour was likely to win an overall majority. He became Parliamentary Private Secretary to the Ministers of State at the Foreign Office.

## Rhodesia

In January 1966, Rowland travelled with two other Labour MPs (Jeremy Bray and David Ennals) to Rhodesia (which had just declared independence from the United Kingdom; albeit unofficially recognised) to see what conditions there were like, and meet some of those involved. Supporters of Ian Smith asked to meet them and so the three men agreed a time when they would talk; unexpectedly, more than 400 turned up and a rowdy meeting ensued. At the end, one of the Rhodesians attempted to snatch Rowland's papers and Rowland, while attempting to get them back, was forced to the floor, kicked, punched and had water thrown over him. Rowland was insistent that the Wilson government should not back down on confronting Ian Smith's Rhodesia.

## Re-election

Rowland easily retained his seat with a much improved majority at the 1966 general election, benefiting from his prominence after the Rhodesian assault incident. He beat Jonathan Aitken, the youngest Conservative Party candidate at the time. His BBC experience showed when he pledged to vote against the government if it decided to allow commercial radio.
In October 1967, he was taken ill on a visit to his constituency, and died two weeks later of pneumonia and pleurisy.
# Land (municipality)

Land is a former municipality in the old Oppland county, Norway. The 1,684-square-kilometre (650 sq mi) municipality existed from 1838 until its dissolution in 1847. The area is now divided between Nordre Land Municipality and Søndre Land Municipality. The administrative centre was the village of Fluberg. The municipality encompassed the whole area of the historical district of Land.

## History

The municipality of Land was established on 1 January 1838 (see Formannskapsdistrikt law). The municipality was not long-lived. In 1847, the municipality was divided into the two municipalities of Nordre Land (population: 4,595) and Søndre Land (population: 4,604).

### Name

The municipality after the historical district of Land (Old Norse: Land) which was once a petty kingdom of its own. The name is identical to the word land which means "land".

## Government

During its existence, this municipality was governed by a municipal council of directly elected representatives. The mayor was indirectly elected by a vote of the municipal council.

### Mayors

The mayors of Land:
* 1837-1839: Peder Pavels Aabel
* 1839-1840: Anton Elias Smidt
* 1840-1848: Ole Hannibal Lie
# Saint Petersburg Flagpoles

The Saint Petersburg Flagpoles are the world's third tallest flagpoles at 175 m (574 ft 2 in) tall.
Located at the Park of the 300th Anniversary of St Petersburg, near the Lakhta Centre in Saint Petersburg, they were erected in June 2023. The flags are the current flag of the Russian Federation, the flag of the Russian Empire and the flag of the Soviet Union.
The raising of the flags marked the following anniversaries:
* 330th anniversary of Peter the Great's tricolour
* 165 years of Tsar Alexander II's Flag of the Russian Empire
* 100 years of the institution of the Red flag
The project was implemented by majority state-owned Gazprom, which is headquartered nearby at the Lakhta Centre.
# Ilya Spitsyn

Ilya Vyacheslavovich Spitsyn (Russian: Илья́ Вячесла́вович Спи́цын; born 6 November 1987) is a former Russian professional football player.

## Club career

He played in the Russian Football National League for FC Tambov in the 2016–17 season.
# Piotrkower Weker

Piotrkower Weker (Yiddish: פּיאָטרקאָווער וועקער, lit. 'Piotrków Waker') was a Yiddish-language weekly newspaper in interbellum Poland, published from Piotrków Trybunalski. Piotrkower Weker was an organ of the General Jewish Labour Bund in Poland.
# Bizionia

Bizionia is a strictly aerobic genus from the family of Flavobacteriaceae which produce carotenoids. Bizionia is named after Bartolomeo Bizio.
# Umar Markhiyev

Umar Magometovich Markhiyev (Russian: Умар Магометович Мархиев; born 12 January 1969) is a Russian professional football coach and a former player who is the manager of Angusht Nazran.

## Club career

He made his Russian Football National League debut for Erzu Grozny on 3 April 1993 in a game against Druzhba Maykop. He played 5 seasons in the FNL for Erzu and Uralan Elista.

## Personal life

His sons Adam Markhiyev and Muslim Markhiyev are also footballers, playing for RFS and Kiffen, respectively.
# Askaly

Askaly (Kyrgyz: Аскалы) is a village in Osh Region of Kyrgyzstan. It is part of the Alay District. Its population was 797 in 2021.
Nearby towns and villages include Terek (5 miles) and Sopu-Korgon (6 miles).
# Abdolvahab Shahidi

Abdolvahab Shahidi (Persian: عبدالوهاب شهيدی; 23 September 1922 – 10 May 2021) was an Iranian barbat player, singer and composer in the classical style. He is noted as one of the contemporary pioneers of Persian music by BBC Persian.
# Sytin's house in Sytinsky lane

Sytin's house in Sytinsky lane (Russian: Дом Сытина в Сытинском переулке) is a wooden building in the center of Moscow (Sytinsky lane, house 5, building 5). A unique example of the construction of the city before the fire of 1812, it is the main house of the city manor of the noble family Sytinykh. The house was built in 1804 in the classicism style. It has the status of an object of cultural heritage of federal significance.

## History

The wooden manor house was built on the site owned by the brigadier Andrei Sytin. In April 1804, the Moscow office of buildings gave permission for its construction, and it was erected at the end of the summer construction season. Satyn's house was not damaged during the Moscow fire of 1812. On both sides of it stood two small outbuildings, but only the left one has survived strong reconstructions. On the site of the right wing, an apartment house was built in 1903 by architect A. N. Sokolov.
By the beginning of the 21st century, the house had been empty for several years, which had a poor effect on its condition. There are plans to carry out restoration works.

## Architecture and design

A one-story wooden frame was built on a more ancient stone foundation of the 17th century, which has been lined with boards outside. The central part of the main facade is marked with a small portico with four thin Corinthian columns. The portico ends with a pediment with a semicircular window. High eight-glass windows of the main facade are framed with platbands and crowned with molded patterns in Empire style (featuring lunettes and medallions) that appeared after the Patriotic War of 1812. The house of Sytin contains a suite of high ceremonial premises on the street side and a mezzanine above the low back rooms. The preserved furnace is lined with white ceramic tiles with craquelures. Molded caryatids have been added on the western wall of the staircase in the second half of the 19th century.
# Strakhov

Strakhov (Russian: Страхов, from страх meaning fear) is a Russian masculine surname, its feminine counterpart is Strakhova. It may refer to
* Alexei Strakhov (born 1975), Ukrainian ice hockey player
* Daniil Strakhov (born 1976), Russian actor
* Gennady Strakhov (1944–2020), Russian wrestler
* Irina Strakhova (born 1959), Russian race walker
* Nikolai Mikhailovich Strakhov (1900–1978), Soviet geologist
* Nikolay Strakhov (1828–1896), Russian philosopher, publicist and literary critic
* Roman Strakhov (born 1995), Russian football midfielder
* Valeriya Strakhova (born 1995), Ukrainian tennis player
* Vyacheslav Strakhov (born 1950), Russian diver
# The First Queen

The First Queen (Korean:뮤지컬 선덕여왕) is a musical about Queen Seondeok of the ancient Korean kingdom of Silla. It was adapted from the television series "The Great Queen Seondeok". It debuted at Woori Art Hall in Olympic Park, Seoul in January 2010 as South Korea's first original musical.
Lee So-jung starred as Seondeok, Cha Ji-yeon as Mishil, and Kang Tae-eul as the queen's lover, Bisham.
# Kayragach, Batken

Kayragach (Kyrgyz: Кайрагач) is a village in Batken Region of Kyrgyzstan. It is part of the Leylek District. Its population was 3,006 in 2021.
Nearby towns and villages include Beshkent (6 km or 4 mi) and Kulundu (10 km or 6 mi).
# The Name of Mary Church, Bosanska Krupa

The Name of Mary Church (Croatian: Crkva imena Marijina) is a Roman Catholic church in Bosanska Krupa, Bosnia and Herzegovina.
# Malaysian Netball Association

Malaysian Netball Association (Malay: Persatuan Bola Jaring Malaysia) is the national body which oversees, promotes and manages netball in Malaysia. Established in 1978, the Malaysian Netball Association hosted the first Asian Netball Championship in 1985, and the 3rd Asian Youth Netball Championship.
# Llanvair Discoed

Llanvair Discoed (Welsh: Llanfair Disgoed) is a small village in Monmouthshire, south-east Wales, 6 miles west of Chepstow and 10 miles east of Newport.

## History

The village is mentioned in the Domesday Book of 1086 as 'Lamecare'. The name means Mary's (Mair > Fair) church (llan) under (is) the wood (coed). The 'd' at the start of Discoed only appears in more recent versions of the name. The correct Welsh language name is Llanfair Is Coed or Llanfair-iscoed. The wood refers to Wentwood, which at the time of the Kingdom of Gwent separated the cantref of Gwent Is Coed ("this side of the wood", as envisaged from Caerwent), from that of Gwent Uwch Coed ("beyond the wood").
The village contains a small ruined castle, believed to have been built by the FitzPayn family, as lords of Llanvair Discoed, in the 13th century.

### Llanmelin hill fort

There is an Iron Age hill fort at Llanmelin, about one mile east of the village overlooking the Castrogi Brook and with distant views of the Severn estuary. The fort covers an area of 2.2 hectares (5.4 acres), with a small outpost enclosure to the north-east. It is believed to have been first built around the 4th century BC, and rebuilt and extended in the 1st century BC. Earthworks adjoining the fort to the south-east have been interpreted as funerary enclosures, suggesting to some that the fort was used as an oppidum or small town by the Silures. Finds of later Romano-British pottery have also been made at Llanmelin.
The site is one of a number which have been suggested as the true site of King Arthur's court at Celliwig or Camelot, following the Roman withdrawal from the nearby town of Venta Silurum or Caerwent. However, others have suggested that Llanmelin is not an especially impressive hillfort, and archaeological evidence so far is that it was primarily a defended enclosure for livestock with a few associated roundhouses.

### Penhein

To the north lies Penhein, a "large, two storeyed villa of a standard Regency type." The house was designed for Samuel Brookes and took John Nash's villa at Cronkhill, Shropshire, as its inspiration. The villa is a Grade II listed building, and the gardens and park were listed on the Cadw/ICOMOS Register of Parks and Gardens of Special Historic Interest in Wales.

## Surroundings and amenities

The village is nestled at the bottom of Gray Hill, an important archaeological site with earthworks and standing stones dating from the Neolithic period up to the Bronze Age.
It is on the road between Caerwent and Usk via Wentwood. It currently has 67 houses, one pub (The Woodlands Tavern), and one parish church, namely St. Mary's Church in Wales church.