OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Bistrica, Bitola

Bistrica (Macedonian: Бистрица) is a village in the municipality of Bitola, North Macedonia. It lies about 6.31 kilometres away from Bitola, which is the second largest city in North Macedonia.

## Demographics

Bistrica is attested in the Ottoman defter of 1467/68 as a village in the vilayet of Manastir. The inhabitants attested largely bore typical Slavic anthroponyms along with a few instances of Albanian ones, such as Тode Arbanash, Gerg son of Pelegrin or Dimitri son of Prift.
According to the 2002 census, the village had a total of 1015 inhabitants. Ethnic groups in the village include:
* Macedonians 949
* Albanians 55
* Serbs 8
* Others 3
# Rom baro

In Roma communities in North America and some areas of Europe, the rom baro (lit. 'big man') is the tribal leader. He earns his position through merit, and his decisions ‒ although considered wise ‒ do not have the automatic approval of the community. Other factors in the selection of a rom baro include knowledge of the language of the areas of planned travel and resourcefulness in emergency situations.

## Etymology

The term baro is of Indic origin, and implies not only "big", but also powerful and important. Some Canadian and American Roma groups have substituted the term shato, a contraction of O Baro Shato, "the bigshot".

## Tribal leaders

The rom baro are chosen by their communities; the main criteria for choosing a rom baro is their intelligence and a sense of fairness. The leaders are usually older in age, as the older a Roma is, the better knowledge of Roma law and traditions they are viewed as having. They act as advisors for the king of their respective tribe or company and are usually fairly wealthy. A rom baro is elected for life and the position is not inheritable. The rom baro is the head of their patriarchal groups known as familias but, their authority extends far beyond their own familias, encompassing their respective tribes or companies (Romani: kumpania). The role of the rom baro is to handle all the internal problems in their tribe or company such as disagreements in work, marriage, family relations, trials, funerals, etc., while also, dealing with Gadjo (non-Roma) authorities in making sure their tribe is in good standing with the American law, arranging work, and handling outside pressures to assimilate. While the rom baro has a considerable amount of power and influence among their Roma tribe (Romani: vitsa), they are still subject to the Roma law and the Kris (Romani court). A rom baro who fails to provide for his community or breaks the Roma law will be removed from his position by Kris. This includes getting in trouble with gadje authorities and revealing Roma secrets which will make them not only lose their position, but also be outcasts from the tribe and considered impure.

## Notable rom baros

* Jimmy Marks; the rom baro of the Spokane Roma until he was deposed for getting in trouble with the law and revealing the secrets of the Roma.
# UTF-1

UTF-1 is an obsolete method of transforming ISO/IEC 10646/Unicode into a stream of bytes. Its design does not provide self-synchronization, which makes searching for substrings and error recovery difficult. It reuses the ASCII printing characters for multi-byte encodings, making it unsuited for some uses (for instance Unix filenames cannot contain the byte value used for forward slash). UTF-1 is also slow to encode or decode due to its use of division and multiplication by a number which is not a power of 2. Due to these issues, it did not gain acceptance and was quickly replaced by UTF-8.

## Design

Similar to UTF-8, UTF-1 is a variable-width encoding that is backwards-compatible with ASCII. Every Unicode code point is represented by either a single byte, or a sequence of two, three, or five bytes. All ASCII code points are a single byte (the code points U+0080 through U+009F are also single bytes).
UTF-1 does not use the C0 and C1 control codes or the space character in multi-byte encodings: a byte in the range 0–0x20 or 0x7F–0x9F always stands for the corresponding code point. This design with 66 protected characters tried to be ISO/IEC 2022 compatible.
UTF-1 uses "modulo 190" arithmetic (256 − 66 = 190). For comparison, UTF-8 protects all 128 ASCII characters and needs one bit for this, and a second bit to make it self-synchronizing, resulting in "modulo 64" arithmetic (8 − 2 = 6; 2$^6$ = 64). BOCU-1 protects only the minimal set required for MIME-compatibility (0x00, 0x07–0x0F, 0x1A–0x1B, and 0x20), resulting in "modulo 243" arithmetic (256 − 13 = 243).
| code point | UTF-8 | UTF-1 |
| U+007F | 7F | 7F |
| U+0080 | C2 80 | 80 |
| U+009F | C2 9F | 9F |
| U+00A0 | C2 A0 | A0 A0 |
| U+00BF | C2 BF | A0 BF |
| U+00C0 | C3 80 | A0 C0 |
| U+00FF | C3 BF | A0 FF |
| U+0100 | C4 80 | A1 21 |
| U+015D | C5 9D | A1 7E |
| U+015E | C5 9E | A1 A0 |
| U+01BD | C6 BD | A1 FF |
| U+01BE | C6 BE | A2 21 |
| U+07FF | DF BF | AA 72 |
| U+0800 | E0 A0 80 | AA 73 |
| U+0FFF | E0 BF BF | B5 48 |
| U+1000 | E1 80 80 | B5 49 |
| U+4015 | E4 80 95 | F5 FF |
| U+4016 | E4 80 96 | F6 21 21 |
| U+D7FF | ED 9F BF | F7 2F C3 |
| U+E000 | EE 80 80 | F7 3A 79 |
| U+F8FF | EF A3 BF | F7 5C 3C |
| U+FDD0 | EF B7 90 | F7 62 BA |
| U+FDEF | EF B7 AF | F7 62 D9 |
| U+FEFF | EF BB BF | F7 64 4C |
| U+FFFD | EF BF BD | F7 65 AD |
| U+FFFE | EF BF BE | F7 65 AE |
| U+FFFF | EF BF BF | F7 65 AF |
| U+10000 | F0 90 80 80 | F7 65 B0 |
| U+38E2D | F0 B8 B8 AD | FB FF FF |
| U+38E2E | F0 B8 B8 AE | FC 21 21 21 21 |
| U+FFFFF | F3 BF BF BF | FC 21 37 B2 7A |
| U+100000 | F4 80 80 80 | FC 21 37 B2 7B |
| U+10FFFF | F4 8F BF BF | FC 21 39 6E 6C |
| U+7FFFFFFF | FD BF BF BF BF BF | FD BD 2B B9 40 |
Although modern Unicode ends at U+10FFFF, both UTF-1 and UTF-8 were designed to encode the complete 31 bits of the original Universal Character Set (UCS-4), and the last entry in this table shows this original final code point.
# Jimmy Cockerham

James Amos Cockerham (August 12, 1910 – December 16, 1963) was an American Negro league catcher in the 1930s.
A native of Magnolia, Mississippi, Cockerham played for the Indianapolis Athletics in 1937. In three recorded games, he posted one hit in five plate appearances. Cockerham died in Indianapolis, Indiana in 1963 at age 53.
# Ellistown and Battleflat

Ellistown and Battleflat is a civil parish in North West Leicestershire, England, just south of the town of Coalville. Most of the parish's population lives in the village of Ellistown in the western part of the parish. The population of the civil parish at the 2011 census (including Bardon) was 2,626.
Battleflat is a scattered settlement of farms and an industrial estate. Battleflat straddles the boundary between the parish and its neighbour of Stanton under Bardon. Battleflat was formerly divided between the parishes of Thornton and Ibstock. The toponym is said to be derived from a skirmish during the English Civil War.
# 1981 Weber State Wildcats football team

The 1981 Weber State Wildcats football team represented Weber State College—now known as Weber State University—as a member of the Big Sky Conference during the 1981 NCAA Division I-AA football season. Led by first-year head coach Mike Price, the Wildcats compiled an overall record of 7–4 with a mark of 4–3 in conference play, tying for fourth place in the Big Sky. Weber State played home games at Wildcat Stadium in Ogden, Utah.

## Schedule

| Date | Time | Opponent | Site | Result | Attendance |
| September 12 | 7:30 p.m. | Idaho | Wildcat StadiumOgden, UT | W 42–21 | 15,900 |
| September 19 | | at Utah State* | Romney StadiumLogan, UT | L 18–31 | 17,132 |
| September 26 | | Portland State | Wildcat StadiumOgden, UT | W 31–16 | 16,841 |
| October 3 | | at No. 7 Montana State | Reno H. Sales StadiumBozeman, MT | W 28–20 | |
| October 10 | | Puget Sound* | Wildcat StadiumOgden, UT | W 31–10 | 7,841 |
| October 17 | | at Nevada | Mackay StadiumReno, NV | L 14–28 | 10,254 |
| October 24 | 1:30 p.m. | No. 4 Boise State | Wildcat StadiumOgden, UT | L 19–33 | 12,306 |
| October 31 | | Northern Arizona | Wildcat StadiumOgden, UT | W 24–23 $^{OT}$ | |
| November 7 | | Augustana (SD)* | Wildcat StadiumOgden, UT | W 27–7 | |
| November 14 | | at No. 9 Montana | Dornblaser FieldMissoula, MT | W 7–6 | 9,000 |
| November 21 | | at No. 2 Idaho State | ASISU MinidomePocatello, ID | L 30–33 $^{3OT}$ | 13,444 |
| *Non-conference gameHomecomingRankings from NCAA Division I-AA Football Committee Poll released prior to the gameAll times are in Mountain time |||||||
# Steve Belkin

Steve Belkin is an American businessman who founded Trans National Group, which provides travel and other services, especially to affinity groups. He is also a former owner of the Atlanta Thrashers and Atlanta Hawks.

## Biography

Belkin was born in East Grand Rapids, Michigan where he attended East Grand Rapids High School. He is of Jewish descent. He graduated from Cornell University in 1969 with a BS degree in industrial engineering, and later served on the Board of Trustees and was named Cornell Entrepreneur of the Year in 2004. He also finished Harvard Business School and earned an MBA in 1971. In 1973 launched his first business, marketing discount vacation packages to members of the American Nurses Association and essentially inventing what is now called affinity travel and affinity credit cards. Since then, he has founded 29 other companies, including Trans National Group in 1974. The companies currently affiliated with Trans National Group include Trans National Communications, TNT Vacations, TN Real Estate, TN Marketing, Charlesgate West Management and Belkin Family Lookout Farm in Natick, Massachusetts.
In 2004, he became the largest individual shareholder and principal owner of Atlanta Spirit, LLC; the group that owned the Atlanta Thrashers and Atlanta Hawks.
Belkin currently serves as a National Commissioner and Honorary Life Member of the ADL, on the Board of Overseers of the Museum of Fine Arts Boston, and a Trustee of the Sports Museum of New England. He lives with his wife Joan and two children in Weston, an affluent Boston suburb.

## Recognition

Throughout his career, Belkin has received several awards and recognition for his philanthropic endeavors.
* Temple Beth Elohim: Tikkun Olam Award, 2015
* Robert F. Kennedy Children’s Action Corps: Embracing the Legacy Award, 2010
* Human Relations Services: Community Service Award, 2009
* ADL: Distinguished Community Service Award, 2003.
* Reach Out and Read National Center: Literacy Champion Award, 2002
* New England Assoc. of Healthcare Philanthropy: Distinguished Service Award, 2001
* Cornell University College of Human Ecology: Alumni Award for Outstanding Volunteerism, 1998
# Key Bank Tower (Everett, Washington)

Key Bank Tower (also known as the Everett Mutual Tower) is a 203-foot (62 m) tall high-rise office building in downtown Everett, Washington. It has been the tallest building in Everett (measured to the architectural tip) since its completion in 1994. The building originally served as the headquarters of the Everett Mutual Bank until it was acquired by KeyBank in 1998. The tower is currently occupied by Farmers Insurance, First American Insurance, KeyBank, Merrill Lynch, and Skotdal Real Estate offices as well as multiple retail outlets.
Key Bank Tower is located at 2707 Colby Avenue, adjacent to the Everett Performing Arts Center. The top floor is home to the studios of radio stations KRKO and KKXA.

## Planning and construction

The site was originally occupied by a Pay 'n Save store. Sears occupied the site from 1929 until 1969, when it moved into the Everett Mall. Pay 'n Save, which had shared the building with Sears, took over the vacant space and remodeled the building shortly after the latter's departure.
Key Bank Tower was originally part of the "Colby Square" development, a project intended to revitalize downtown Everett, which had declined since the construction of the Wall Street Building in 1979 as the city's growth suburbanized to the south. Announced on May 1, 1991, the project was developed by Colby Square Partners, a partnership between JDH Limited of Bellevue and Duryee Group of Everett, and designed by Seattle-based architecture firm NBBJ with funding from the AFL–CIO trust; it was later scrapped except for the building itself.
With SDL Corporation of Bellevue as the general contractor, construction started on June 2, 1993, with the demolition of the Pay 'n Save store in a groundbreaking ceremony. The building was topped off on July 8, 1994, with tenants moving in that November. The building underwent foreclosure in 1995 by the AFL–CIO trust after SDL sought payment for cost overruns due to the accelerated development schedule; it was subsequently purchased by Skotdal Real Estate in 1997.
# Abiku

Abiku is a Yoruba word that can be translated as "predestined to death" and refers to the spirit of a child who dies young. It is from (abi) "that which was born" and (iku) "death".

## Definition

Not only is an Abiku a spirit of a child who dies young (usually considered before puberty or 12 years of age), the belief is that the spirit can return to the same mother multiple times, resulting in multiple short-lived children, or transfer to other mothers. It is the belief that the spirit does not ever plan to "stay put in life" so it is "indifferent to the plight of its mother and her grief."
When not residing in a person, the spirits are believed to live in trees, especially the iroko, baobab and silk-cotton species. They are seen as dangerous, capable of murder, and especially likely to target children on their thirteenth birthday. They are also thought to sometimes (though rarely) eventually reach adulthood.
Seen through the lens of contemporary biomedicine, the Abiku phenomenon could have been a way of understanding sickle cell carrying.

## Literature

"Ben Okri's novel The Famished Road is based upon an abiku. Debo Kotun's novel Abiku, a political satire of the Nigerian military oligarchy, is based upon an abiku. Gerald Brom's illustrated novel, The Plucker, depicts a child's toys fighting against an abiku," as described by Pulse. An Abiku Child's return also occurs in the writing of Slovenian Novelist Gabriela Babnik, in her novel Koža iz bombaža. We also see Wole Soyinka's poem 'Abiku' rely heavily on this occurrence. Ayọ̀bámi Adébáyọ̀'s novel Stay With Me has a couple whose children die at infancy. And an abiku is the central character in Tobi Ogundiran's short story "The Many Lives of an Abiku".

## Research

A review of the oral histories around abiku note that:
"Such accounts (sometimes they are just hasty definitions) often mix facts about àbíkú with facts about ògbánje; represent àbíkú as homogeneous across time and space; fail to distinguish between popular and expert, official and heretical, indigenous and exogenous discourses of àbíkú; assume that the belief in àbíkú has a psychological rather than ontological origin; and hastily appropriate àbíkú to serve as a symbol for present-day, metropolitan concepts and concerns."
# List of hardcore punk subgenres

This is a list of hardcore punk musical genres.
* Bandana thrash
* Christian hardcore
* Crossover thrash
* Crunkcore
* Crust punk
* D-beat
* Deathcore
* Digital hardcore
* Easycore
* Emo
* Electronicore
* Grindcore
* Heavy hardcore
* Jazzcore
* Krishnacore
* Mathcore
* Melodic hardcore
* Melodic metalcore
* Metalcore
* Nardcore
* Nintendocore
* Nu metalcore
* Positive hardcore
* Post-hardcore
* Powerviolence
* Progressive metalcore
* Queercore
* Rapcore
* Sass
* Screamo
* Skacore
* Thrashcore
* Tough guy hardcore
# Transcendental Étude No. 2 (Liszt)

Transcendental Étude No. 2 in A minor, "Molto vivace", is the second of twelve Transcendental Études by Franz Liszt. The occasionally-used alternate title Fusées (French: “Rockets”) is not Liszt's own and was not approved by Liszt. It was added by Ferruccio Busoni in his edition of the Études. It is a study in alternating hands, hands overlapping, both hands playing the same note alternatingly, and steep right hand leaps.

## Form

This piece is an extremely volatile one as fierce alternating notes in fortissimo fire away. Soon the notes alternate even more fiercely, followed by a flying right hand arpeggio accompanied by long arpeggiated chords. Then new difficulties are introduced as the right hand jumps high up the keyboard and returns firmly, offsetting a set of same note left hand- right hand alternations. As the climax of the piece approaches it crescendos and plays even fiercer low pitched notes, and soon the right hand figures explode with erratic chords that climb high up to the keyboard and then back down. The climax then ensues as both hands alternate on the same notes that climb 5 octaves up the keyboard and down again, then fires up again and down again. Then the right hand arpeggios recapitulate and the right hand flies even higher and steeper. After a few more loud chords, the piece finally relents.
# Brent Olynyk

Brent Olynyk (born December 7, 1971, in North Vancouver, British Columbia) is a badminton player from Canada, who won the gold medal in the men's doubles competition at the 1999 Pan American Games alongside Iain Sydie. He also took away silver from that tournament, won in the mixed doubles competition partnering Robbyn Hermitage. A resident of Calgary, Alberta, he represented Canada at the 2000 Summer Olympics.
# Ribun language

Ribun is a Dayak language of Borneo.

## Phonology
### Consonants

| | | Labial | Alveolar | Palatal | Velar | Glottal |
| Nasal | Nasal | m | n | ɲ | ŋ | |
| Plosive/ Affricate | voiceless | p | t | tʃ | k | ʔ |
| Plosive/ Affricate | voiced | b | d | dʒ | ɡ | |
| Fricative | Fricative | | s | | | h |
| Trill | Trill | | r | | | |
| Approximant | Approximant | w | l | j | | |

### Vowels

| | Front | Central | Back |
| High | i | | u |
| Mid | e | ə | o |
| Low | | a | |
# Nusle Bridge

Nusle Bridge (Czech: Nuselský most) is a prestressed concrete viaduct in Prague, Czech Republic. It connects Prague 2 and Prague 4, across a valley which forms part of the Nusle district. The bridge is one of the longest in the country and carries two footpaths, a multi-lane road and part of the city's metro network.
The bridge links the city center to its south-eastern districts such as Pankrác, and joins the D1 motorway leading to Brno. It is crucial to Prague's transportation network, since almost all north-south traffic flows across it. Below the six-lane highway on the surface, lies part of Prague Metro Line C between I.P. Pavlova and Vyšehrad stations.
* View from the north
* View from the south
* View from the west (from Vyšehrad)
* View from below

## Description

The bridge is 485 metres long and 26.5 metres wide, consisting of a reinforced concrete structure with four pillars. Two sections of the bridge span 68.5m and the other three span 115.5m. The average height above the valley is 42.5m. The conduit for the metro line C has a trapezoidal cross section, with a height of almost 6.5 m and wall thickness from 30 to 110 cm. The road is illuminated by lamps mounted in the central reservation.

## Position

The bridge crosses, inter alia, Folimanka Park, Botič stream and the railway line from Prague main station to Smíchov. The majority of the bridge belongs to the administrative district of Prague 2. The section which lies to the south of the railway track below, however, belongs to Prague 4.

## History

Construction began in 1967 and it opened on 22 February 1973 under the name Klement Gottwald Bridge (Czech: Most Klementa Gottwalda), honouring the late communist revolutionary and former president Klement Gottwald.

## Suicides

A total of 200 to 300 people have been recorded to have taken their own life by jumping from the bridge, garnering the nickname "Suicide bridge". Since 2011, the deceased have been commemorated in the monument named Of One's Own Volition by Krištof Kintera, in the park below.
The bridge was originally constructed with only a 1m high railing. In response to the high casualty rate, a 1.5m wide safety net was installed underneath the railing. Between 1996 and 1997, further fencing was added, heightening the barrier to 2.7 m. In 2007, the fencing was topped off with another meter of polished metal to make it near-impossible to climb.
# Lake Washington sunken forests

Download coordinates as:
* KML
* GPX (all coordinates)
* GPX (primary coordinates)
* GPX (secondary coordinates)
The Lake Washington sunken forests were both a part of the scientific discovery of a major fault line under Seattle, Washington, and part of a timber piracy case in the late 20th century. In a precedent-setting case, the Washington State Supreme Court decided that ancient drowned forests are state property and not eligible for salvage.

## Creation of the sunken forests

A major earthquake (magnitude 7 to 7.5) occurred on the Seattle Fault about 900 C.E., creating multiple forms of evidence that led to the discovery of the fault and its description in Science in 1992. One of the forms of evidence was landslides at three locations around Lake Washington: off the southeast corner of Mercer Island (47°31′30″N 122°13′15″W﻿ / ﻿47.52500°N 122.22083°W﻿ / 47.52500; -122.22083﻿ (Mercer Island sunken forest (south))), on the west side of the island across from Seattle's Seward Park (47°33′45″N 122°14′00″W﻿ / ﻿47.56250°N 122.23333°W﻿ / 47.56250; -122.23333﻿ (Mercer Island sunken forest (west))), and one near Saint Edward State Park in present-day Kirkland, Washington (47°42′30″N 122°15′15″W﻿ / ﻿47.70833°N 122.25417°W﻿ / 47.70833; -122.25417﻿ (Kirkland sunken forest)).
The landslides on heavily wooded land created "bizarre submerged forests" of old-growth timber, preserved by the cool water and low oxygen in the deep lake. These sunken forests were known to early European settlers of the Seattle area, for whom the snags could be a hazard to ships on the lake, and as early as 1919, nearly 200 of the sunken trees had been removed from depths of 65–132 feet (20–40 m). Radiocarbon dating and tree-ring dating of the wood in the late 20th century helped to establish the date of the earthquake.

## Natural resources case

In the early 1990s, Western Wood Lumber, owned by John Tortorelli, was conducting salvage logging operations on sunken logs in Lake Washington that were lost from early 20th century log booms. Tortorelli broke an underwater sewer line and during the investigation of this incident, it was found that he had been salvaging wood from the sunken forests. The state said he did not have a permit for this, and in 1994 charged him as a timber pirate, with the theft of over $150,000 worth of lumber. He was convicted in 1994 and appealed.
In a precedent-setting decision, the Washington State Supreme Court found that the underwater forests belonged to the State of Washington (administered by the Department of Natural Resources). The decision rested on a determination that the Federal Submerged Lands Act of 1953 applied to the underwater forests and not just traditional seabed or lakebed natural resources (molluscs, minerals etc.) as argued by the appellant.