OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Ali Progri

Ali Progri (October 10, 1929 - March 24, 2009) was an Albanian engineer. He was a participant in World War II and afterwards was graduated in Kiev, Ukraine (then part of Soviet Union). He had a remarkable career and held various high-ranking positions during his lifetime. Ali Progri was awarded the distinguished title Merited Teacher of Albania.

## Early life and education

Ali Progri was born in the village of Progër in Albania, on 19 October 1929 and was the son of Muharrem Progri. He took part actively in the Albanian Resistance of World War II and after finishing his high school in Albania he went to Kiev, Ukraine in 1948 for his academic studies. In 1953 he was graduated from Kiev Polytechnic Institute, achieving high results.

## Career

After returning to Albania he was active in the field of engineering and was among the founders of the modern University of Tirana in 1957 (even though the first academic institute, The Pedagogical Institute of Tirana was founded on December 20, 1946) and eventually he earned the position of vice-dean of the Faculty of Civil Engineering. Thanks to his experience and intellectual profile he would be chosen as Director in the Directory of Professional Middle Education in the Council of Ministers of Albania. As a distinguished engineer and expert in the field of applied mechanics he also earned the position of the Chief Technology Officer of the Train Factory in Tirana. Nevertheless, he is most notable for his 27 years as the Principal of the Polytechnic High School of Tirana.
For his contribution in the Albanian Resistance of World War II he was awarded by the Parliament of Albania (Albanian: Kuvendi i Shqipërisë) the Medal of Liberation and Memory and for the experience and contribution in the education field, he gained the honorific title Merited Teacher of Albania. The engineer Ali Progri also held the title Professor. He died in Tirana, on 24 March 2009, at the age of 80.
# Gholam Hossein Nourian

Gholam Hossein Nourian (Persian: غلام‌حسین نوریان, born 16 March 1935) is an Iranian footballer. He competed in the men's tournament at the 1964 Summer Olympics.
# Arrows A2

The Arrows A2 was a Formula One racing car, designed by Tony Southgate and Dave Wass, was used by the Arrows team in the latter half of the 1979 Formula One season. Powered by a Cosworth DFV V8 engine and driven by Riccardo Patrese and Jochen Mass, it was relatively unsuccessful with its best finish being sixth on two occasions.

## Design and development

For the 1979 season, Tony Southgate supervised the design and development of the Arrows A2. Unlike most contemporary cars, the engine, a Cosworth DFV V8 engine, and gearbox of the A2 were set at a four-degree angled incline. This enabled the use of aerodynamic underfloor sections across the full width of the chassis. This had the effect of raising the car's centre of gravity. The A2 generated extensive downforce, but at the expense of handling. Within weeks design work started on the A2's successor, the A3, and the previous year's car, the A1, was brought back for one final entry in the 1979 season.

## Race history

The A2 made its debut at the 1979 French Grand Prix but finished well down the field. Mass managed a pair of sixth places, at the German and Dutch Grands Prix.

## Complete Formula One World Championship results

(key)
| Year | Entrant | Engine | Tyres | Drivers | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | Points | WCC |
| 1979 | Warsteiner Arrows | Ford Cosworth DFV | G | | ARG | BRA | RSA | USW | ESP | BEL | MON | FRA | GBR | GER | AUT | NED | ITA | CAN | USA | 5 | 9th |
| 1979 | Warsteiner Arrows | Ford Cosworth DFV | G | Riccardo Patrese | | | | | | | | 14 | Ret | Ret | Ret | Ret | 13 | | Ret | 5 | 9th |
| 1979 | Warsteiner Arrows | Ford Cosworth DFV | G | Jochen Mass | | | | | | | | 15 | Ret | 6 | Ret | 6 | Ret | DNQ | DNQ | 5 | 9th |
^1 3 points scored using the A1B.
# Jeffrey Mumford

Jeffrey Mumford (born June 22, 1955) is a U.S. composer whose orchestral works have been performed by the National Symphony Orchestra, Minnesota Orchestra, Atlanta Symphony Orchestra, Cleveland Orchestra, Saint Paul Chamber Orchestra, Cincinnati Symphony Orchestra and American Composers Orchestra. His music has been especially praised by The New York Times as being "a philosophy of music making that embraced both raw passion and a gentle imagistic poetry." Mumford's compositions, though thoroughly modern, are evocative, exploring the sensuous and tactile nature of sound in subtle and sophisticated ways.
Mumford was born in Washington, D.C., and holds degrees from the University of California, Irvine (B.A., 1977) and the University of California, San Diego (M.A., 1981). He was a student of Elliott Carter and Lawrence Moss.
Mumford, along with poet Bruce Weigl, holds the rank of Distinguished Professor in the Division of Arts and Humanities at Lorain County Community College in Ohio. Formerly he taught at the Washington Conservatory of Music (1989–99), served as Artist-in-Residence at Bowling Green State University (1999-00), and served as assistant professor of composition and Composer-in-Residence at the Oberlin College Conservatory of Music.
He has received grants from the Guggenheim Foundation, American Music Center, Ohio Arts Council, and ASCAP Foundation, and has been awarded seven Meet the Composer grants. His works have been recorded by the CRI label, and on Albany CDs, and his scores are published by Theodore Presser.
# David Itkin

David Chester Itkin (born May 2, 1957) is an American conductor and composer. He served as music director and conductor of the Arkansas Symphony Orchestra from 1993 to 2010, and currently holds the title of conductor laureate of that orchestra. He is music director and conductor of the Abilene Philharmonic Orchestra and professor of music and director of orchestral studies at the University of North Texas College of Music. University of North Texas Symphony Orchestra.

## Composer

As a composer, Itkin's most notable works are Jonah, a tone poem for narrator and orchestra, and an oratorio called Exodus: An Oratorio in Three Parts. Exodus premiered in April 2005 in Little Rock, with William Shatner narrating. It was released on CD in 2008.
The Arkansas Symphony Orchestra recorded Itkin's first film score in 2006 for the film Sugar Creek, released in 2007.

## Conductor

From 1988 to 1993, Itkin served as associate conductor of the Alabama Symphony Orchestra, during which time he was made Honorary Lieutenant Governor of the State of Alabama for outstanding service to the arts. He was conductor of the Birmingham Opera Theatre and the Kingsport [Tennessee] Symphony from 1992 to 1995, music director for the Lucius Woods Festival Concerts in Solon Springs, Wisconsin from 1993 to 2000, and music director of Chicago's Lake Forest Symphony Orchestra from 1997 to 2000.
In 1993, Itkin began his 17-year tenure as conductor (and later conductor/music director) of the Arkansas Symphony Orchestra. He was appointed music director/conductor of the Abilene Philharmonic Orchestra in 2005, and music director/conductor of the Las Vegas Philharmonic Orchestra in 2007. In autumn 2008, Itkin became professor of music and director of orchestral studies at the University of North Texas College of Music.
In May 2009, Maestro Itkin was awarded an honorary doctorate of humane letters by Lyon College.
In 2012, Itkin was involved in a contentious departure from the Las Vegas Philharmonic Orchestra. When he announced that he would not be renewing his contract, which ended in 2013, members of the board of directors flew to Dallas to complete a buyout of his remaining contract, effectively keeping him from returning for his final year. Itkin called the actions "unprecedented and personally insulting".
Itkin has been a guest conductor with more than 40 symphony orchestras, opera and ballet companies worldwide, including the San Diego Symphony, the Winnipeg Symphony, the Fort Worth Symphony, the Slovenska Filharmonija, the Seoul Philharmonic, the Shanghai Broadcast Symphony, the Illinois Symphony, the Delaware Symphony, the New Hampshire Symphony, the Indianapolis Chamber Orchestra, the Baltimore Chamber Orchestra, the Annapolis Symphony, the National Repertory Orchestra, the Colorado Symphony, and the Reno Chamber Orchestra.
Itkin is the author of Conducting Concerti: A Technical and Interpretive Guide, published in August 2014.
# 4th Fighter Division (Germany)

4th Fighter Division (4. Jagd-Division) was one of the primary divisions of the German Luftwaffe in World War II. It was formed in August 1942 in Döberitz from the sub units of the 2nd Air Corps. The Division was redesignated 1st Fighter Division on 15 September 1943 and reformed 15 September 1943 in Metz from 3rd Fighter Division of the 2nd Fighter Corps. The unit was disbanded on 8 September 1944.

## Commanding officers

* Generalleutnant Joachim-Friedrich Huth, 17 August 1942 – 15 September 1943
* Generalmajor Werner Junck, 15 September 1943 – 30 September 1943
* Oberst Carl Vieck, October 1943 – September 1944
# Suusamyr Too

Suusamyr Too (Kyrgyz: Суусамыр тоо кыркасы) is a mountain range in internal Tian Shan in Kyrgyzstan. It separates Suusamyr Valley and Toluk Saragat Valley. The length of the range is 126 km, and height up to 4048m. It is composed of granite, and schist of lower Paleozoic.
# List of 1948 motorsport champions

This list of 1948 motorsport champions is a list of national or international auto racing series with a Championship decided by the points or positions earned by a driver from multiple races.

## Open wheel racing

| Series | Driver | Season article |
| AAA National Championship | Ted Horn | 1948 AAA Championship Car season |
| Baycities Outdoor Midget Racing Championship | Fred Agabashian | |
| German Small Car Championship | Walter Komossa | |

## Stock car racing

| Series | Driver | Season article |
| Turismo Carretera | Oscar Alfredo Gálvez | 1948 Turismo Carretera |
# Yaw Ackah

Yaw Ackah (born 1 June 1999) is a Ghanaian professional footballer who plays as a midfielder for Turkish club Kayserispor.

## Professional career

Ackah joined the youth academy of Boavista in 2017 from Bechem United. Ackah made his professional debut for Boavista in a 4-2 Primeira Liga win over S.C. Braga on 11 May 2019.
After making 24 appearances for Boavista in the 2019/20 campaign, Ackah joined Turkish Super League side Kayserispor for a three-year deal with the club after a successful medical ahead of the 2020–2021 season.

## International career

Ackah was called up to the preliminary squad for the Ghana U20s for the 2019 Africa U-20 Cup of Nations.
# Yusif Nurudeen

Yusuf Nurudeen (born 28 August 1992 in Ghana) is a Ghanaian footballer who was last known to have been attached to Medeama SC of the Ghana Premier League.

## New radiant

Agreeing to a one-year lone move to 2012 Maldives League title holders New Radiant in summer 2013, Nurudeen made spasmodic appearances for the club including in the quarter final of that year's AFC Cup facing Kuwait SC before being released alongside foreigners Mansa Sylla and Kingsley Nkumureh by December.
# Karmalka

Karmalka (Russian: Кармалка) is the name of several rural localities in Russia:
* Karmalka, Republic of Bashkortostan, a village in Verkhnetroitsky Selsoviet of Tuymazinsky District of the Republic of Bashkortostan
* Karmalka, Orenburg Oblast, a selo in Sharlyksky Selsoviet of Sharlyksky District of Orenburg Oblast
* Karmalka, Republic of Tatarstan, a settlement under the administrative jurisdiction of the town of republic significance of Zainsk in the Republic of Tatarstan
# Ernestina Paper

Ernestina Paper (née Puritz-Manassè; 1846 – 14 February 1926) was the first female university graduate in modern Italy. She graduated in 1877 in medicine and surgery from the University of Florence.

## Early life and education

Ernestina Puritz-Manassè was born in Odessa in 1846 to a wealthy bourgeois Jewish family of Russian origins. After graduating high school, Paper attended the University of Zurich for three semesters between 1870 and 1872. This was not an uncommon path for Russian female students, as women were not allowed to attend university in 19th century Russia except for a brief period between 1859 and 1863.
In 1872, she moved to Italy and enrolled at the University of Pisa. She completed her studies at the University of Florence's Istitutto di Studi Superiori, earning a medical degree and becoming the first woman to graduate from university in post-unification Italy.

## Career

After graduating, Paper opened her own private practice focused on treating women and children. An 1879 publication noted that Paper attended to women and was "spoken of as a most skillful physician". She often made medical treatment free to those who could not afford it.
In 1884, two cases of amenorrhea cured by Paper using electricity were reported on in scientific journals. She was reported to have attended an international medical congress in 1894.
Paper remained in Italy for the remainder of her life apart from 1897 to 1905 in which she went back to Odessa. She died in Florence in 1926.

## Political activity and feminism

Paper was active as a feminist and women's education advocate along with Mary Nathan, who was the wife of her brother (Giacomo Puritz) and daughter of Mayor of Rome Ernesto Nathan. Paper and Nathan were leaders in the Tuscan Women's Federation advocacy group, with Paper being President of the group's hygiene section until at least 1921. During World War I she was against mandatory civil service for women, claiming this was against the wellness of families since women should be closer to their family.

## Personal life

She married Giacomo Paper, though the exact year is unknown. Some sources claim that she gave birth to a daughter, Elisa, in 1875.
# Alga, Kazakhstan

Alga (Kazakh: Алға, Alğa) is a town in the Aktobe Region of western Kazakhstan. It is situated on the western bank of the Ilek (Jelek) River, and on the railway line from Aktobe to Aralsk. Population: 19,705 (2009 Census results);15,372 (1999 Census results).
It used to have a chemical phosphate plant which is now a ruin, but caused a lasting environmental damage as large quantities of chemical waste was collected in ponds without insulation to the aquifer.

## Climate

Climate data for Alga :
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | −9.9 (14.2) | −9.1 (15.6) | −2.2 (28.0) | 12.9 (55.2) | 22.8 (73.0) | 27.7 (81.9) | 30.1 (86.2) | 28.2 (82.8) | 21.5 (70.7) | 10.4 (50.7) | 0.3 (32.5) | −6.1 (21.0) | 10.6 (51.0) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −19.2 (−2.6) | −19.3 (−2.7) | −12.1 (10.2) | 0.3 (32.5) | 7.7 (45.9) | 12.6 (54.7) | 15.3 (59.5) | 12.7 (54.9) | 6.7 (44.1) | −0.8 (30.6) | −7.7 (18.1) | −14.4 (6.1) | −1.5 (29.3) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 23 (0.9) | 19 (0.7) | 20 (0.8) | 29 (1.1) | 26 (1.0) | 29 (1.1) | 25 (1.0) | 25 (1.0) | 21 (0.8) | 29 (1.1) | 27 (1.1) | 27 (1.1) | 300 (11.8) |
| Source: Climate-data.org ||||||||||||||
# Mura (Angara)

The Mura (Russian: Мура) is a river in Irkutsk Oblast and Krasnoyarsk Krai, Russia. It is a left tributary of the Angara. It is 330 kilometres (210 mi) long, and has a drainage basin of 10,800 square kilometres (4,200 sq mi).
# Denmark–Tanzania relations

Denmark–Tanzania relations refers to the current and historical relations between Denmark and Tanzania. Denmark has an embassy in Dar es Salaam. Tanzania is represented in Denmark, through its embassy in Stockholm, Sweden. Tanzania has an honorary consulate in Denmark.

## History

Tanzania was the first African country with which Denmark initiated diplomatic relations, in 1963. This was shortly after the Tanzanian mainland, called Tangayika, became independent.
Throughout the years of cooperation, the main objective of the Denmark has been to contribute to Tanzania’s struggle against its massive poverty: the country is today one of the most stable and peaceful democracies in Africa and it is one of the world’s 20 fastest growing economies.
Right after the start of the diplomatic relations, Denmark and Tangayika (together with the governments of Sweden, Finland and Norway) initiated the Nordic-Tangayika project (later KEC) in Kibaha. In 1970, the Government of Denmark handed over the project to Julius Nyerere, President of Tanzania.
   The Kibaha Project marks a recognition by the Nordic peoples of the unity of man. It shows a practical recognition that the wealthier nations of the world have a responsibility to contribute to the development of the poorer nations on terms which recognize human equality and human dignity.

## Assistance to Tanzania

Danish assistance in Tanzania amounted 500 million DKK in 2010. Denmark will focus on these areas: business environment, public health, management of natural resources, budget support, democracy, good governance, Public administration, cooperation between Tanzanian and Danish companies and Refugees. Denmark also supports Burundian and Congolese refugees in Tanzania.

## High-level visits

On 5 February 1991, Tanzanian President Julius Nyerere visited the Mellemfolkeligt Samvirke in Denmark. Danish Prime Minister Anders Fogh Rasmussen visited Tanzania in 2005. Tanzanian President Jakaya Kikwete visited Denmark in 2007, and again on 5 May 2009.
# Romeo Cascarino

Romeo Cascarino (September 28, 1922 – January 8, 2002) was an American composer of classical music.
Cascarino was born in Philadelphia on September 28, 1922 and died in Norristown, Pennsylvania on January 8, 2002. He graduated from South Philadelphia High School in June 1941. He served for many years as professor of music at the (now-defunct) Combs College of Music in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. He received two Guggenheim Fellowships (in 1948 and 1949).
His music is generally tonal, and his magnum opus is the opera William Penn, whose life had fascinated Cascarino since childhood. The opera took him nearly 25 years to compose (from 1950 to 1975), and it was premiered in 1982 at the Academy of Music in Philadelphia with John Cheek of the Metropolitan Opera in the title role. CDs of his music have been released on Naxos featuring his Orchestral and Chamber Works with JoAnn Falletta conducting; 'Blades of Grass', for English Horn and String Orchestra was recorded on Innova with Orchestra 2001 conducted by James Freeman. His works have been played by the Philadelphia Orchestra, the New Orleans Philharmonic, the Royal Philharmonic of London and the Nord Deutsches Symphony. His ballets Pygmalion and Prospice were mounted in Philadelphia and New York. In 1961 he arranged and conducted Pieces for Piano and Orchestra recorded in the cine Citta studios in Rome, Italy. From 1950 to 1957, he was musical director of the Co-opera Company giving performances of rarely heard operas in English, the translations often done by Cascarino himself.
# Oskar Wikberg

Oskar Wikberg (born August 20, 1994) is a Swedish tennis player.

## Career

Wikberg was a talented youth player. He had a constant presence in the Swedish juniors top-10. He won the Swedish National Championships in singles U-18.
Wikberg played college tennis at the University of Wisconsin and later transferred to UC Berkeley. He compiled a college record of 82 wins and 46 losses.
Wikberg has one ITF title which he won in Vietnam. He has reached the quarterfinals in two ITF 10,000 Futures tournaments.

## Personal life

Wikberg is from Täby, Sweden. His sister, Hanna, is also a professional tennis player, who played college tennis at Penn State. His uncle is American advertising executive Jerry Reitman.
# The Innocent Lie

The Innocent Lie is a 1916 American silent film produced by Famous Players Film Company and distributed by Paramount. It was directed by Sidney Olcott with Valentine Grant as leading woman.

## Cast

* Valentine Grant as Nora O'Brien
* Jack J. Clark as Terry O'Brien
* Morris Foster as Pat O'Brien
* Hunter Areden as Nora Owen
* Robert Cain as Captain Stewart
* Frank Losee
* William Courtleigh Jr
* Helen Lindroth
* Charles Fergusson

## Production notes

The film was shot in Bermuda.
# Casa de San Pedro

Casa de San Pedro was a hide house and one of the oldest commercial structure on the San Pedro Bay. Its site was designated a California Historic Landmark, No. 235, on June 6, 1978. The site is now near Meyler St. and Quartermaster Road in San Pedro.
McCulloch and Hartnell built the structure to store cattle hides purchased from the Mission San Gabriel Arcángel and San Fernando mission. In 1829 the Casa was sold to Mission San Gabriel. In 1834 the Casa was sold to Abel Stearns. Stearns established a stagecoach route connecting San Pedro Bay with the Pueblo de Los Ángeles. Casa de San Pedro is described as an adobe hide house in the book Two Years Before the Mast by Richard Henry Dana published in 1840. Casa de San Pedro was part of the beginning of the Port of Los Angeles.
In 1846 the Mexican governor of Alta California, Pío Pico, directed that a 500-vara-square of land (43 acres) facing onto San Pedro Bay be set aside as a government reservation. In 1904 surveyor H.H. Burton inspected Casa de San Pedro for the San Pedro Government Reservation. Burton reported that the Casa was a "ruins of adobe buildings". A legal dispute over this land, being enclosed by what would become Fort MacArthur, ended in 1922.
A plaque marking the site of Casa de San Pedro is near the Chaldean's play yard on Quartermaster Road. The plaque reads:
       The first known commercial structure on the shore of San Pedro Bay was built here in 1823 by the trading firm of McCulloch & Hartnell to store cattle hides from the San Gabriel and San Fernando Missions. Richard Henry Dana described this adobe hide house in Two Years Before The Mast. Thus began the development of the Port of Los Angeles.
# Yalahatan language

Yalahatan is an Austronesian language spoken on Seram Island (Indonesia) in Yalahatan and Haruru villages, and hamlet of Awaiya in Tananahu village.
It consists of three dialects, Yalahatan, Haruru, and Awaiya.
# Mayak Tyuvagubsky

Mayak Tyuvagubsky (Russian: Маяк Тювагубский) was a rural locality (an inhabited locality) in Teribersky Territorial Okrug of Kolsky District of Murmansk Oblast, Russia, located on the Kola Peninsula beyond the Arctic Circle at a height of 55 meters (180 ft) above sea level. Population: 0 (2010 Census). Due to depopulation, it was abolished effective April 26, 2013.
# Ricardo Paras

Ricardo Mercader Parás Jr. (February 17, 1891 – October 10, 1984) was the Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of the Philippines from April 2, 1951 until February 17, 1961.

## Career

He earned his Bachelor of Laws degree from the University of the Philippines in 1913, and placed second (after future president Manuel Roxas) in the bar examinations that same year. He engaged in private law practice before being elected in the House of Representatives in 1919. His judicial career started when he was appointed judge in 1924, and later on appointed in 1936 to the Court of Appeals. He became an associate justice in 1941, and was a member of the wartime judiciary during the Japanese Occupation. He was appointed Chief Justice of the Supreme Court ten years later.

## Accomplishments

Paras made a frugal approach in order to survive and maintain the efficiency of service during the post-war years. He advocated the elimination of the case backlog, and encouraged speedy adjudication and deliberation of the cases. His dedication to such advocacy paid off, when there was no more backlog upon his retirement in 1961.

## Trivia

His son, Edgardo L. Paras, became an associate justice of the Supreme Court from 1986 to 1992.
According to Justice J.B.L. Reyes, during the deliberations of the People v. Hernandez rebellion case, Justice Sabino Padilla (who is the brother of the solicitor general arguing for the government) openly accused Chief Justice Paras of being prejudiced against the government and asking biased questions during the oral argument. Riled, Parás rebutted, and a heated exchange soon ensued, which would have worsened had not they restrained themselves.