OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Angustias de la Guerra

María de las Angustias de la Guerra, known simply as Angustias de la Guerra, (June 11, 1815 – June 21, 1890) was Californio historian and socialite. A member of the prominent Guerra family of California, she played an important role in defending women's property rights in the California Constitution while it was being drafted during the Monterey Constitutional Convention of 1849. Her memoirs, "Ocurrencias en California" (translated into English as "Occurrences in California") is an important historical account of Californian history in the 19th century.

## Biography

The daughter of José de la Guerra y Noriega, known as "El Capitan", and Maria Antonia Carrillo, she was born in San Diego, Alta California; the Guerra family of California moved to Santa Barbara soon afterwards, where her father became commander of the Presidio. In 1833, she married Manuel Jimeno Casarin; the couple moved to Monterey, then the capital of Alta California, part of Mexico since 1821. Her husband was a member of the assembly, served as secretary of state; he died of cholera while visiting Mexico in 1853.
During the Monterey Constitutional Convention of 1849, she and her husband hosted the large Californio delegation to the convention. She was an instrumental force in defending women's property rights in the California Constitution.
In 1856, she married James L. Ord, a U.S. Army surgeon who was the grandson of King George IV; the couple settled in Santa Barbara. In 1871, they visited American president Ulysses S. Grant at the White House and Mexican president Benito Juárez at Chapultepec Castle. Their marriage was dissolved in 1875.
She died in San Francisco at the age of 75 and was buried in Colma then her remains were later moved to Santa Barbara.

## Legacy

Her book California Recollections of Angustias de la Guerra Ord: (Occurrences in Hispanic California), translated from the original Spanish, is an important record in the history of California. De la Guerra Ord's account emphasizes the important role of women in the described historical events. Her recollections also include a description of what have been the largest recorded earthquake and possible tsunami to hit central and southern California, as related to de la Guerra Ord by Father Luis Gil y Taboada.
She is described as a young girl in Richard Henry Dana's classic "Two Years Before the Mast." Her family home is considered an architectural landmark in Santa Barbara.
# Geoffrey de Mowbray (died 1300)

Sir Geoffrey de Mowbray (died 1300), Justiciar of Lothian, Baron of Dalmeny, Lord of Barnbougle and Inverkeithing was a 13th-14th century Scottish noble.

## Life

Mowbray was appointed at the Scone parliament of 2 April 1286, together with the bishop of Brechin, the abbot of Jedburgh to seek out King Edward I of England in Gascony and ask for his advice and protection and liberty of Penrith. They were received by Edward I on 15 September 1286 in Saintes, Gascony.
He was one of the sealers of Treaty of Birgham, intended to secure the independence of Scotland after the death of King Alexander III and the accession of his granddaughter Margaret in 1286.
Geoffrey also ratified at the Scottish parliament at Dunferline, the treaty between France and Scotland on 23 February 1296.
He was part of the inner circle of the Balliol administration, during the reign of King John Balliol.
On 25 September 1298, his Scottish lands were forfeited and granted by Edward I to Guy de Beauchamp, Earl of Warwick for taking arms against the King of England. The lands were later restored. Geoffrey was known to hold lands at Eckford in Roxburgh, Barnbougle and Dalmeny, Inverkeithing, Cessford and Eckford, Methven, Kellie and Kirk Michael in Scotland and Bolton in Cumberland in England. He had inherited Bolton from his uncle Roger de Mowbray, who was cousin to Thomas de Lascelles.
Geoffrey is known to have died before June 1300.

## Marriage and issue

Geoffrey married the second daughter of John I Comyn, Lord of Badenoch and his wife Alice, they are known to have had the following known issue:
* William de Mowbray died without issue;
* John de Mowbray died without issue;
* Roger de Mowbray (died 1320), had issue;
* Phillip de Mowbray of Red Castle, Angus (died 1318), married Eva de Umfraville, had issue;
* Geoffrey de Mowbray, Friar of the Order of Preachers (Dominican Order).
# Gefyra, Arcadia

Gefyra (Greek: Γέφυρα meaning "bridge") is a settlement in the municipality of Megalopoli, Arcadia, Greece. It is situated near the right bank of the river Alfeios, 4 km south of Megalopoli and 5 km north of Leontari. The Greek National Road 7 (Corinth - Tripoli - Kalamata) passes south of the village. There are large open-pit lignite mines to the northwest of the village. There are two beautiful churches: St. George in the village square, and St John at the eastern edge of the village.

## History

On August 30, 1944, the village was attacked by Nazi troops that were stationed in the nearby village of Anthochori. 12 male inhabitants of the village were massacred on that dreadful day including the village priest. The heroic 12 are remembered by a marble monument in the village square next to the Church of St. George. Gefyra suffered damage from the 2007 Greek forest fires.

## Population

| Year | Population |
| 1981 | 57 |
| 1991 | 73 |
| 2001 | 49 |
| 2011 | 30 |
| 2021 | 26 |
# Campylomormyrus curvirostris

Campylomormyrus curvirostris is a species of electric fish in the family Mormyridae, found in Africa: in the lower and middle Congo River basin in Cameroon, Democratic Republic of the Congo and Angola.

## Size

This species reaches a length of 40.5 cm (15.9 in).
# Wasei Kingu Kongu

Wasei Kingu Kongu (和製キング・コング, lit. Japanese-made King Kong) is a lost 1933 Japanese black-and-white silent film directed by Torajiro Saito. A silent, three-reel comedy short, it uses the 1933 film King Kong as a backdrop to the story and was produced by Shochiku Studios (which released the original 1933 film in Japan on behalf of RKO). It is now considered a lost film.

## Plot

Santa (Isamu Yamaguchi) and his friend Koichi (Nagamasa Yamada) are jobless vagabonds. They make their living by picking up coins on the streets. Santa has a girlfriend named Omitsu (Yasuko Koizumi), but her father Seizo (Kotaro Sekiguchi) does not like having his daughter date a penniless man. He breaks the lovers up and tries to marry his daughter off to a rich man. Desperate, Santa seeks employment and wanders the streets. He cannot find a job at all, but has an inspiration. RKO's King Kong has been released and is a big hit in Tokyo. He decides to capitalize on its success by dressing up as an ape and playing King Kong in a vaudeville theater. He approaches one theater owner to tell him of the idea and the owner is pleased with Santa's plan, thus giving him the job. Santa's King Kong show becomes an instant success, with Santa interacting amongst props on the theater stage in his gorilla suit (small buildings, toy airplanes, a doll, etc.). One day while performing on stage, Santa sees that Omitsu and her new rich boyfriend are in the audience. Blinded with rage, Santa jumps down from the stage and runs after them - with his gorilla suit still on! Santa creates chaos in the town as firemen and hunters chase him, thinking him an escaped gorilla that is running wild in the streets. Eventually Santa confronts the rich boyfriend and knocks him unconscious. He puts the gorilla suit on him and leaves him lying out cold in the street. Just then, Koichi comes and tells Santa that the theater owner will give him a lot of money for his performances. Now that he has wealth, Santa marries Omitsu.

## Production

Shochiku Studios produced this Torajiro Saito comedy short. Shochiku released King Kong in Japan on behalf of RKO and wanted to fund this film as a tie-in to the film's release, which is used as a backdrop in the story. Torajiro Saito was a very popular film producer/comedian at the time, known for his successful comedy shorts. Going by the information presented by magazines and newspapers covering the film's release, it is believed that there are no actual special effects in the film, as it focuses on a man trying to earn money to woo his girlfriend by playing the King Kong character on stage.

## Cast

| Actor | Character |
| Yasuko Koizumi | Omitsu |
| Takeshi Sakamoto | Yokoshima |
| Kotaro Sekiguchi | Seizo |
| Nagamasa Yamada | Koichi |
| Isamu Yamaguchi | Santa/King Kong |
# Marcus (praenomen)

Marcus (Latin pronunciation:), feminine Marca or Marcia, is a Latin praenomen, or personal name, which was one of the most common names throughout Roman history. The praenomen was used by both patrician and plebeian families, and gave rise to the patronymic gens Marcia, as well as the cognomen Marcellus. It was regularly abbreviated M.
At all periods of Roman history, Marcus was the third-most popular praenomen, trailing only Lucius and Gaius. Although many prominent families did not use it, it was a favorite of countless others. The name survived the Roman Empire and has continued to be used, in various forms, into modern times.

## Origin and meaning of the name

The praenomen Marcus is generally thought to be derived from the name of the god Mars. It has been proposed that it was originally given to children who were born in the month of Martius (March), which was itself named in honor of the god Mars.
The feminine form of Marcus should be Marca. However, surviving examples indicate that Marcia, with an "i", was more common. The same was true of the praenomen Tita or Titia.
The Etruscan form of this praenomen is Marce.
# Cabra (river)

The Cabra is a river in northern Spain flowing through the Autonomous Community of Asturias.
* Beginning: Pico Arenas, on the border between the municipalities of Llanes and Ribadedeva.
* River mouth: Bay of Biscay, in the Playa de la Franca.
* Length: Less than 5 kilometres (3 mi).
* Major tributaries, rivers of Ubrade, the Garn and Aíjo.
* Towns going through: The Borbolla, Bojes.
# Daniel Onyekachi

Daniel Onyekachi (born 24 August 1985) is a Nigerian former professional footballer who played as a striker.

## Honours

LZS Piotrówka
* IV liga Opole: 2014–15
# Mareergur

Mareergur (Somali: Mareer Gur, also known as Merergur) is a town located in the Galguduud region of Galmudug state of Somalia.

## Geography

Mareergur is 30 km from Dhusamareb the capital city of Galmudug state of Somalia and the administrative capital of the Galguduud region.

## Demographics

Mareergur has a population of around 50.00,inhabitants. It is primarily inhabited by people from the Somali ethnic group, with the Ayr sub-clan of Habar Gidir well-represented.

## Climate

Mareergur has a hot arid climate. The weather is generally hot, sunny and dry during the dry seasons but during the rainy seasons the town is green and cold. As other Somali regions, it has two rainy seasons and two dry seasons, each of three months.

## Economy

Mareergur's economy depends mostly on livestock. There are a few livestock markets in the town where people sell and buy livestock from each other. Mareergur's economy also depends on exports of livestock.
# Portrait of a Jeweler

Portrait of a Jeweler is an oil on panel painting by Pontormo, executed c. 1517–1518. It was acquired from the art dealer Everhard Jabach by Louis XIV in 1671 and is now in the Louvre in Paris.
It may be one of the earliest surviving portraits by the artist and is still close to the style of his master Andrea del Sarto. Its subject's identification as a jeweler is based on the burin he holds and the piece of metal on the table ready to be inlaid with jewels. However, his name is unknown, with past identifications with Giovanni delle Corniole, Michele di Paolo Poggini and Domenico di Polo now disproved.
# River Belah

The River Belah is a river in the county of Cumbria in England. Its name derives from the Old English word Belge and means the "Roaring River".
The Belah is formed by the confluence of several small streams or sikes draining most of north and south Stainmore close to the border with County Durham and Yorkshire. It flows north west off the hillside as Bleaberry Beck and tumbles over many waterfalls before meeting the Stow Gill Becks and becoming the Belah. It then flows in a north westerly direction past Oxenthwaite where the river is swollen by Argill Beck at Field Head and the Powbrand Beck near Thorney Scale. Having washed by Brough Sowerby, the Belah combines its waters with those of the River Eden near to the village of Great Musgrave.
The Stainmore Railway crossed the river on the huge iron-girder lattice Belah Viaduct, before it was demolished in 1964. It was the highest bridge in England, at 196 feet (60 m) high.

## Ecology

The Belah is designated as having a moderate ecological status by the environment agency. The flow of the river has been sped up by dredging and widening and the river is prone to siltation and bank erosion.
# Maxime Mokom

Maxime Jeoffroy Eli Mokom Gawaka (born 30 December 1978) is a former minister of disarmament in the Central African Republic, and leader of Anti-balaka, who was arrested in 2022 and charged with war crimes.

## Biography

Mokom was born on 30 December 1978. In 2013, he was one of the co-founders of militant movement Anti-balaka. From 2013 to 2014, he committed multiple war crimes. On 10 December 2018, he was publicly indicted by International Criminal Court for murder, extermination, deportation or forcible transfer and displacement of civilian population, imprisonment or other severe deprivation of physical liberty, torture, persecution, enforced disappearance of persons, mutilation, intentionally directing attacks against the civilian population, intentionally directing attacks against buildings dedicated to religion, pillaging, enlistment of children under age 15 and destruction of the adversary’s property.
On 15 December 2020, he joined Coalition of Patriots for Change led by former president François Bozizé. He ordered Anti-balaka fighters to attack Bangui in January 2021. In July 2021, he fled to N'Djamena in Chad. On 14 March 2022, he was surrendered to the International Criminal Court (ICC) by Chadian authorities and transferred to The Hague.
On 21 September 2023, the Bangui Court of Appeal sentenced Mokom, alongside Bozizé, his sons Jean-Francis and Aimé-Vincent, and other rebel leaders, to life imprisonment in absentia.
On 19 October 2023, the ICC announced the release of Mokom due to the dropping of charges by the prosecution, justified by the unavailability of witnesses. Mokom was accused of crimes against humanity and war crimes committed in 2013 and 2014 in the Central African Republic.

## Family

He is an older brother of Aaron Wilibona and allegedly a nephew of former president François Bozizé.
# Murray Edelman

Murray Jacob Edelman (1919 – January 26, 2001) was an American political scientist known for his research on symbolic politics and political psychology.

## Career

Edelman received a bachelor's degree in social sciences from Bucknell University in 1941, a master's degree from the University of Chicago in 1942 and a Ph.D. in political science from the University of Illinois in 1948. He joined the faculty of the University of Illinois that year, and remained there until he joined the faculty of the University of Wisconsin - Madison in 1966. Edelman was awarded a University Houses chair in 1971, which he named for George Herbert Mead, an inspiration for much of his own work on symbolic politics. Edelman retired in 1990.
Edelman received many awards during his career, including Fulbright Awards and fellowships from the John Simon Guggenheim Memorial Foundation and the National Endowment for the Humanities.
A brief review of his seminal book, The Symbolic Uses of Politics appearing in ETC., the quarterly journal of General Semantics (Arthur A. Berger, September 1971 issue—Vol 28, No. 3) noted that Edelman's approach and analysis would be congenial to students of General Semantics.

## Books

* The Symbolic Uses of Politics (hardcover publication originally 1964; later paperback reprints) ISBN 0-252-01202-X
* Politics as Symbolic Action: Mass Arousal and Quiescence (1971) ISBN 0-8410-0302-5
* Political Language: Words that succeed and policies that fail (1977)
* Constructing the Political Spectacle (1988) ISBN 0-226-18399-8
* From Art to Politics: How Artistic Creations Shape Political Conceptions (1996) ISBN 0-226-18401-3
* The Politics of Misinformation (2001) ISBN 0-521-80510-4
# Juan Prado Mesa

Alférez Juan Prado Mesa was a prominent Californio military commander in Alta California. He was born a subject of the Spanish Empire, and performed his military duties as an officer of the Republic of Mexico,

## Career

Mesa was a soldier stationed at the San Francisco Presidio in 1828. He was promoted to Corporal at Mission Santa Clara de Asís in 1832 and again to Sergeant in 1836.
In 1835, when Mariano Guadalupe Vallejo moved his troops to Sonoma, Mesa was made commander of the San Francisco Presidio. Later Mesa served as the commander of the Santa Clara Mission guard. Juan Prado Mesa was wounded in battle with aboriginals and died from his wounds in 1845.

## Family

His grandfather was Corporal Jose Valerio Mesa who accompanied Juan Bautista de Anza on the Anza Expedition to Alta California. His father was Jose Antonio Mesa who was awarded Rancho Los Medanos in 1839.
He married Mycaela Higuera and had a daughter, Encarnacion who inherited about 900 acres of her father's land grant.

## Rancho and legacy

For his service, in 1839 he received a land grant of one square league from Governor Juan Alvarado named Rancho San Antonio de Padua. The grant was bounded by Adobe Creek to the north and Stevens Creek to the south, and included Permanente Creek, and present-day Los Altos Hills.
# Abu Muḥammad Chishti

Abu Muḥammad Chishti (ابو محمد چشتی) was a famous Sufi of Chishti Order.

## Career

Chishti was a disciple of Abu Aḥmad Abdal Chishti and master of Abu Yusuf ibn Saman. He died in 1020. Abu Muḥammad Chishti was part of golden chain of Chishti Order of Sufism.
# Melbourne Armstrong Carriker

Melbourne Armstrong Carriker, Jr. (February 14, 1879 – July 27, 1965) was an American ornithologist and entomologist.

## Biography
### Life

Carriker was born in Sullivan, Illinois, in 1879. He attended the University of Nebraska, where he studied Mallophaga (bird lice) under Lawrence Bruner. He had a son, Melbourne Romaine Carriker, who was a marine malacologist.
He Moved with his family in Beachwood, New Jersey, after returning to the United States in 1927.
He died in 1965.

### Career

Carriker began collecting the skins of birds and studying avian habits when he graduated from high school. He held an interest in bird lice, and became a world authority on genera from the neotropics. He communicated with global Mallophaga systematists and published numerous papers in both Spanish and English. He also described two families, four subfamilies, 53 genera and subgenera, and approximately 866 species and subspecies of bird lice throughout his career. He traveled extensively throughout South America and collected specimens for the Carnegie Museum, the American Museum of Natural History in Manhattan, New York, the Academy of Natural Sciences of Drexel University (then the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia), the United States National Museum, the Peabody Museum, the Field Museum of Natural History in Chicago, Illinois, and the Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County.
Carriker worked as an assistant curator of birds at Carnegie Museum from 1907 to 1909. He became an honorary collaborator in the Department of Entomology, at the United States National Museum, in 1953.
# Campylomormyrus alces

Campylomormyrus alces is a species of electric fish in the family Mormyridae, found in the Congo River basin in Democratic Republic of the Congo and Angola.

## Size

This species reaches a length of 36.0 cm (14.2 in).
# Monument to Leo Tolstoy on Prechistenka

The Monument to Leo Tolstoy on Prechistenka (Russian: Памятник Льву Толстому на Пречистенке) was installed in Moscow in the courtyard of the State Museum of Leo Tolstoy [ru] (11, Prechistenka Street [ru]). The granite sculpture was made in 1913 by sculptor Sergey Merkurov, and has been in its current location since 1972.

## History

Sculptor Sergey Merkurov made a death mask of Leo Tolstoy in November 1910. He used this create a monument to the writer, commissioned by his Moscow patron N. A. Shakhov. In 1913, a sculpture carved from Finnish granite was ready. The original plan was to place the monument on Miusskaya Square [ru], opposite the Shanyavsky Moscow City People's University. However, this would have placed the monument in front of the Alexander Nevsky Cathedral that was then under construction. This was controversial, as Tolstoy had been excommunicated from the Russian Orthodox Church. The Black Hundred organization "Union of the Russian People" threatened to blow up the monument. As a result, the Moscow City Duma refused permission for the installation of the monument, and the sculpture remained in Merkurov's studio.
The sculpture was recalled during the years of Soviet power, and in 1928 the monument was erected in the Maiden Field Square [ru], part of the Leninist plan for monumental propaganda. In 1972, it was replaced by a larger monument to Tolstoy [ru], by the sculptor A. M. Portyanko. Merkurov's monument was moved to its present location, outside of the State Museum of Leo Tolstoy [ru].
In addition to these two monuments, a third monument [ru] in Moscow to Tolstoy is located in front of the so-called "House of Rostov" on Povarskaya Street.

## Description

The monument is quite generalized in its forms, which is typical of the pre-revolutionary works of Merkurov. The figure of the writer seems to grow out of a piece of red coarse granite. His head is slightly tilted. The writer is dressed in a wide blouse, his hands are plugged in the waistband.
# Maltese bread

Maltese bread (Maltese: Il-Ħobż tal-Malti, tal-malti) is a crusty sourdough bread from Malta, usually baked in wood ovens. It is typically eaten with spread olive oil (Ħobż biż-żejt), where the bread is rubbed with tomatoes (as with the Catalan pa amb tomàquet) or tomato paste, drizzled with olive oil and filled with a choice or mix of tuna, olives, capers, onion, bigilla and ġbejna. The practice of making the bread is considered a 'dying art'.

## In Qormi

Qormi is the main city for bread making in Malta, with a large number of bakeries. During the rule of the Knights Hospitaller, it was known as Casal Fornaro meaning the bakers' town. Nowadays an annually held festival, Lejl f'Casal Fornaro (a Night at Casal Fornaro), takes place in Qormi on the third Saturday of October.

## The role of bread in Maltese politics

Some of the earliest descriptive accounts of Malta note the dependence of the island's inhabitants on bread for survival. The impact of the British colonial government's liberalisation of the import of grain in 1837 and its failure to provide basic food provisions in the aftermath of World War I are both factors believed to be linked to the Sette Giugno riots.

## Bread in the Maltese language

There are a number of idioms in the Maltese language relating to bread as the basis of survival.
* (Maltese: ħobżu maħbuż), his bread is baked, meaning the person is well-off.
* (Maltese: tilef ħobżu), he has lost his bread, meaning the person has lost their job.
* (Maltese: x'ħobż jiekol dan?), what bread does he consume?, an expression used when enquiring after a person's character.
* (Maltese: jeħtieġu bħall-ħobż li jiekol), he needs it like his daily bread, used when a person is in great need of something.
* (Maltese: ħaga li fiha biċċa ħobż ġmielha), something which provides a lot of bread, used to describe a profitable endeavour.
* (Maltese: ma fihiex ħobż), it procures no bread, used to describe a profitless venture.