OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Ling (Chinese religion)

Ling (simplified Chinese: 灵; traditional Chinese: 靈; pinyin: líng, Vietnamese: linh) is the notion of sacred in Chinese traditional religions.

## Overview
### Xian ling and shen

It is the state or power of gods and divine beings (shen) that is multiplied by their appearance in vision during trance or by location through a ritual of inspiration into the objects that represent them. Their activity, actuality, is xian ling, literally "holy virtue, sacred efficacy, the sacred as manifest", or numen. Ling is a power, like that of the uncanny intelligence of great masters of building or of healing, and is a divine reciprocation for offerings and pledges of devotion to a deity or demon.

### Mediation of yin and yang

It is the inchoate order of creation, that is the "medium" of the bivalency constituted by the opposite forces of the universe (yin and yang). Ling is the mediating bivalency, the "medium", between yin and yang, that is "disorder" and "order", "activity" or "passivity", with yang usually preferred over yin. More specifically, the ling power of an entity resides in mediation between the two levels of order and disorder, activity and passivity, which govern social transformation. The mediating entity itself shifts of status and function between one level and another, and makes meaning in different contexts.

### Liminality

Ling has been described as the ability to set up spatial and temporal boundaries, represent and identify metaphors, setting apart and linking together differences. The boundary is crossed by practices such as sacrifice and inspiration (shamanism). Spiritual mediumship makes the individual the center of actualising possibilities, acts and events indicative of the will of the gods. The association of ling with liminality implies the possibility of constructing various kinds of social times and history. In this way, the etho-political (ethnic) dimension is nurtured, regenerated by re-enactment, and constructed at first place, imagined and motivated in the process of forging a model of reality.

## Associations and symbolism

This attribute is often associated with goddesses, animal motifs such as the snake—an amphibian animal—, the owl which takes night for day, the bat being half bird and half mammal, the rooster who crows at the crack between night and morning, but also rivers dividing landmasses, and other "liminal" entities. There are yin gods and yang gods. Ling is a "cultural logic of symbolic relations", that mediates polarity in a dialectic governing reproduction and change.
# Zardu

Zardu Persian: زردو is a village in north-eastern Afghanistan. It is located in Khwahan District, Badakhshan province.
# Victory, Vermont

Victory is a town in Essex County, Vermont, United States. The population was 70 at the 2020 census. It is part of the Berlin, NH –VT Micropolitan Statistical Area. Victory was, along with neighboring Granby, one of the last two towns in Vermont to be linked to the electric grid, in 1963.

## Geography

According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 43.0 square miles (111.4 km$^2$), of which 43.0 square miles (111.3 km$^2$) is land and 0.04 square mile (0.1 km$^2$) (0.07%) is water.

## Demographics

As of the census of 2000, there were 97 people, 45 households, and 27 families residing in the town. The population density was 2.3 inhabitants per square mile (0.89/km$^2$). There were 90 housing units at an average density of 2.1 per square mile (0.81/km$^2$). The racial makeup of the town was 97.94% White, 1.03% from other races, and 1.03% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.03% of the population.
There were 45 households, out of which 17.8% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 53.3% were married couples living together, 6.7% had a female householder with no husband present, and 40.0% were non-families. 26.7% of all households were made up of individuals, and 11.1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.16 and the average family size was 2.67.
In the town, the population was spread out, with 17.5% under the age of 18, 4.1% from 18 to 24, 24.7% from 25 to 44, 35.1% from 45 to 64, and 18.6% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 46 years. For every 100 females, there were 115.6 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 128.6 males.
The median income for a household in the town was $28,750, and the median income for a family was $38,333. Males had a median income of $28,750 versus $30,000 for females. The per capita income for the town was $18,558. There were 6.7% of families and 13.2% of the population living below the poverty line, including 21.1% of under eighteens and none of those over 64.
# Sekulica

Sekulica (Macedonian: Секулица) is a village in the municipality of Kratovo, North Macedonia.

## Demographics

According to the 2002 census, the village had a total of 177 inhabitants. Ethnic groups in the village include:
* Macedonians 174
* Serbs 3
# Alexei Zavarukhin

Alexei Zavarukhin (Russian: Алексей Заварухин; born October 30, 1980) is a Russian former professional ice hockey center who played in the Kontinental Hockey League (KHL). He is currently serving as the head coach for former club, Spartak Moscow in the KHL.
# Trudovoy

Trudovoy (Russian: Трудовой; masculine), Trudovaya (Трудовая; feminine), or Trudovoye (Трудовое; neuter) is the name of several rural localities in Russia:
* Trudovoy, Amur Oblast, a settlement in Trudovoy Rural Settlement of Oktyabrsky District of Amur Oblast
* Trudovoy, Chelyabinsk Oblast, a settlement in Burinsky Selsoviet of Kunashaksky District of Chelyabinsk Oblast
* Trudovoy, Kaliningrad Oblast, a settlement in Turgenevsky Rural Okrug of Polessky District of Kaliningrad Oblast
* Trudovoy, Gulkevichsky District, Krasnodar Krai, a settlement in Kuban Rural Okrug of Gulkevichsky District of Krasnodar Krai
* Trudovoy, Krymsky District, Krasnodar Krai, a khutor in Moldavansky Rural Okrug of Krymsky District of Krasnodar Krai
* Trudovoy, Leningradsky District, Krasnodar Krai, a settlement in Vostochny Rural Okrug of Leningradsky District of Krasnodar Krai
* Trudovoy, Zverevo, Rostov Oblast, a khutor under the administrative jurisdiction of Zverevo Urban Okrug, Rostov Oblast
* Trudovoy, Zimovnikovsky District, Rostov Oblast, a khutor in Kuteynikovskoye Rural Settlement of Zimovnikovsky District of Rostov Oblast
* Trudovoy, Saratov Oblast, a settlement in Balashovsky District of Saratov Oblast
* Trudovoy, Stavropol Krai, a settlement in Baltiysky Selsoviet of Kursky District of Stavropol Krai
* Trudovoy, Republic of Tatarstan, a settlement in Nizhnekamsky District of the Republic of Tatarstan
* Trudovoy, Tomsk Oblast, a settlement in Chainsky District of Tomsk Oblast
* Trudovoy, Tula Oblast, a settlement in Bolshekalmyksky Rural Okrug of Kireyevsky District of Tula Oblast
* Trudovoy, Tver Oblast, a settlement in Vyshnevolotsky District of Tver Oblast
* Trudovoye, Nizhny Novgorod Oblast, a selo in Yelizaryevsky Selsoviet of Diveyevsky District of Nizhny Novgorod Oblast
* Trudovoye, Sol-Iletsky District, Orenburg Oblast, a selo in Trudovoy Selsoviet of Sol-Iletsky District of Orenburg Oblast
* Trudovoye, Tashlinsky District, Orenburg Oblast, a selo in Trudovoy Selsoviet of Tashlinsky District of Orenburg Oblast
* Trudovoye, Primorsky Krai, a settlement under the administrative jurisdiction of Frunzensky City District of the city under krai jurisdiction of Vladivostok, Primorsky Krai
* Trudovoye, Sakhalin Oblast, a selo in Poronaysky District of Sakhalin Oblast
* Trudovoye, Saratov Oblast, a settlement in Yershovsky District of Saratov Oblast
* Trudovoye, Voronezh Oblast, a settlement in Trudovskoye Rural Settlement of Novousmansky District of Voronezh Oblast
* Trudovaya, a settlement in Fedoskinskoye Rural Settlement of Mytishchinsky District of Moscow Oblast
# La Manche Provincial Park

La Manche Provincial Park, is a provincial park located 53 kilometers south of St. John's along Route 10 (Irish Loop Drive), on the island of Newfoundland, in the Canadian Province of Newfoundland and Labrador. It consists mainly of the abandoned village of La Manche, as well as some surrounding terrain.

## East Coast Trail

The East Coast Trail's La Manche Village Path, which runs from Tors Cove to La Manche Village, enters the Park and crosses the La Manche River by a suspension bridge. The Flamber Head Path continues for 11.5km from the resettled La Manche Village to Brigus South. The Flamber Head Path is also accessible via a 1.4km access trail from within the park.

## La Manche Village

The community was first settled in the 1840s, apparently by a George Melvin. There was a small Roman Catholic church and a school located in the community, as well as a suspension bridge which crossed the inlet. At the time of Confederation in 1949, La Manche had a population of 54; by 1961, following the closure of the school, this had fallen to 25. La Manche was abandoned after a winter storm on 28 January 1966 which demolished the community's network of wharves and stages and collapsed the suspension bridge.
The remains of the community are now incorporated within the boundaries of the Park.
# Saint-Martin-sur-Cojeul

Saint-Martin-sur-Cojeul (French pronunciation:; Picard: Saint-Martin-su-Cojeul) is a commune in the Pas-de-Calais department in the Hauts-de-France region of France.

## Geography

Saint-Martin-sur-Cojeul lies 6 miles (10 km) southeast of Arras, on the D33 road. The A1 autoroute passes by half a mile to the east of the commune.

## Places of interest

* The church of St.Martin, rebuilt, as was all of the village, after the First World War.
* The Commonwealth War Graves Commission cemetery.
# Zaruchevsky

Zaruchevsky (Russian: Заручевский; masculine), Zaruchevskaya (Заручевская; feminine), or Zaruchevskoye (Заручевское; neuter) is the name of several rural localities in Arkhangelsk Oblast, Russia:
* Zaruchevskaya, Konoshsky District, Arkhangelsk Oblast, a village in Tavrengsky Selsoviet of Konoshsky District
* Zaruchevskaya, Primorsky District, Arkhangelsk Oblast, a village in Koskogorsky Selsoviet of Primorsky District
* Zaruchevskaya, Ustyansky District, Arkhangelsk Oblast, a village in Rostovsky Selsoviet of Ustyansky District
* Zaruchevskaya, Velsky District, Arkhangelsk Oblast, a village in Ust-Velsky Selsoviet of Velsky District
# Alman, Iran

Alman (Persian: المان) may refer to:
* Alman-e Qadim, East Azerbaijan Province
* Alman, Rasht, Gilan Province
* Alman, Khoshk-e Bijar, Rasht County, Gilan Province
* Alman, alternate name of Pastak, Rasht County, Gilan Province
# Busan FC

Busan Football Club (Korean: 부산 FC) was a South Korean football club based in Busan. The club was a member of the K3 League Basic, an semi-professional league football in South Korea, from the 2017 season to 2018 season.

## Players

2019 Season Players :
| Player Name | Position | Date of Birth (Age) |
| Sang-Min Ku | Goalkeeper | 31 October 1991 (27) |
| Hyeong-keun Kim | Goalkeeper | 6 January 1994 (25) |
| Jeong-ho Kim | Goalkeeper | 7 April 1998 (21) |
| Kyeong-min Park | Defender | 2 August 1999 (19) |
| Aleksandar Susnjar | Centre-Back | 19 August 1995 (23) |
| Ho-jeong Jeong | Centre-Back | 13 December 1993 (25) |
| Jin-yeong Kwon | Centre-Back | 23 October 1991 (27) |
| Cheong-ung Lee | Centre-Back | 15 March 1992 (26) |
| Haeng-seok No | Centre-Back | 17 November 1988 (30) |
| Myeong-jun Kim | Centre-Back | 13 May 1994 (24) |
| Ho-yeong Park | Centre-Back | 7 April 1999 (20) |
| Jun-ho Hwang | Centre-Back | 4 May 1998 (20) |
| Chi-uh Kim | Left-Back | 11 November 1983 (23) |
| Mun-hwan Kim | Right-Back | 1 August 1995 (23) |
| Jun-kang Park | Right-Back | 6 June 1991 (27) |
| Jong-min Lee | Right-Back | 1 September 1983 (35) |
| Sang-jun Lee | Right-back | 14 October 1999 (19) |
| Jong-cheol Kim | Midfielder | 24 February 1997 (22) |
| Jong-uh Park | Defensive Midfield | 10 March 1989 (30) |
| Jun-kyu Han | Defensive Midfield | 10 February 1996 (23) |
| Hu-kwon Lee | Central midfield | 30 October 1990 (28) |
| Yong-deok Seo | Right Midfield | 10 September 1989 (29) |
| Sang-un Han | Attacking Midfield | 3 May 1986 (32) |
| Romulo | Attacking Midfield | 27 October 1995 (23) |
| Chang-ryeol Shin | Forward | 22 July 1996 (22) |
| Yong-hyeon Kwon | Right Winger | 23 October 1991 (27) |
| Dong-jun Lee | Right Winger | 1 February 1997 (22) |
| Jin-kyu Kim | Right Winger | 24 February 1997 (22) |
| Jeong-hyeob Lee | Centre-Forward | 24 June 1991 (27) |
| Diego Mauricio | Centre-Forward | 25 June 1991 (27) |
| Soma Novothny | Centre-Forward | 16 June 1994 (24) |
| Ji-ho Han | Centre-Forward | 15 December 1998 (30) |
| Seong-min | Centre-Forward | 2 May 1989 (29) |
| Seung-in Choi | Centre-Forward | 5 March 1991 (28) |
Source:

## Honours
### Season by season records

| Season | Teams | Tier | Placement | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | Pts | League Cup | FA Cup | Manager |
| 2017 | 9 | K3 Basic | 7th | 16 | 6 | 3 | 7 | 34 | 35 | -1 | 21 | – | – | |
| 2018 | 11 | K3 Basic | 3rd | 20 | 12 | 4 | 4 | 46 | 17 | +29 | 40 | – | – | Kim Jong-mun |
# Bojdan

Bojdan (Persian: بجدن) may refer to:
* Bojdan, Rud Ab
* Bojdan, Sheshtomad
# Sergei Popov (footballer)

Sergei Igorevich Popov (Russian: Серге́й Игоревич Попов; born 22 February 1987) is a former Russian professional football player.

## Club career

He made his debut for FC Shinnik Yaroslavl on 2 July 2006 in a Russian Cup against FC Dynamo Bryansk.
# Serengdongrub

Serengdongrub (17 February 1894 – 2 August 1980), courtesy name Chü Ch'uan (Chinese: 巨川) and also known under the Chinese name of Pai Yün-t'i (Chinese: 白雲梯), was an Inner Mongolian politician in the Republic of China. An ethnic Mongol, he was a native of Harqin Middle Banner (today Ningcheng County, Chifeng).

## Names

In addition to his Mongolian name, Serengdongrub used the Chinese name Pai Yün-t'i (Chinese: 白雲梯; pinyin: Bái Yúntī). Some scholars read his Chinese name as a transcription of another Mongolian name Buyantai (meaning "meritorious", in Cyrillic Буянтай), and conflate references to Serengdongrub and Buyantai; however, as Christopher Atwood points, Buyantai (布彦泰) was actually another Harqin Mongol, whose Chinese name was Yu Lanzhai or Yu Lanze (??择).

## Career

In 1912, he entered the Mongolian and Tibetan School at Beijing under Gungsangnorbu. Afterwards he joined the Kuomintang. In 1925, he was one of the founders of the Inner Mongolian People's Revolutionary Party, along with Merse. In 1934, he became a member of the Mongol Local Autonomy Political Affairs Committee. From 1948 to 1949 he served as head of the Mongolian and Tibetan Affairs Commission. He retreated to Taiwan with the KMT, and died there in 1980.
# Ed Ross

Michael Edward Ross (October 27, 1965 – July 30, 2016) was an American tintype photographer and lawyer. His photography work spanned 27 years. His last six years were devoted exclusively to wet-plate photography. His focus as an artist was primarily on nude portraits and landscape photography.

## History

Ross was born in Ukiah, California to Bill and Dorothy Ross and raised in Davis, California. He attended Jesuit High School in Sacramento, UC San Diego, studied at the London School of Economics, and the UC Hastings School of Law. He worked as senior legal counsel for the Apple computer company in Cupertino, California.

## Photography

Ross had taken photographs for 27 years, and during the last eight years of his life used the Collodion process or wet-plates for his work.
Ross worked with three different cameras: a half-plate box-style camera made by Ty Guillory, an 8 by 10 inches (200 mm × 250 mm) bellows-style camera made by Black Art Woodcraft, and a 16 by 20 inches (410 mm × 510 mm) Chamonix. He used 'period' lenses, manufactured between 1850 and 1900, by Dallmeyer, Voigtlander, and Ross.

## Recognition

Ross’ work has been featured in Quite Frankly, juxtapoz.com, and 62nd floor Art Zine issue #9. His talent and unique approach to photography earned him a respectable place among the most creative and innovative photographers.

## Death

On July 30, 2016, Ross was killed in a motorcycle accident on a mountain road near Yosemite National Park, while on his way to photograph one of his favorite subjects, the Half Dome in Yosemite Valley.
# John Hambley (martyr)

John Hambley (died 1587) was an English Catholic and martyr, who died during the reign of Elizabeth I.

## Life

John Hambley was a native of the parish of St. Mabyn, near Bodmin, Cornwall. Hambley was converted to Catholicism by reading one of Robert Persons' books in 1582. Around Christmas that year he ceased to attend the worship established by law, and fearing the penalty entailed by absence from church decided to leave the county where he was known. He journeyed to London, where he took up abode at the "Sun and Seven Stars" in Smithfield until May 1583. During that time he was reconciled to the Catholic faith in a chamber over the gate at the "Red Lion" in Holborn by Mr. Fortescue, a seminary priest staying there.
In early May 1583 he sailed from Rye in Sussex for Dieppe, arriving at Rheims by way of Rouen by the end of the month. He studied at Rheims and was ordained a priest 22 September 1584. Disguised as a serving man he left with Maurice Williams for the English Mission on 6 April 1585. Landing near Ipswich, they made his way to London taking up residence in the "Blue Boar". A fortnight later Hambley relocated to the "Red Lion", placing himself under the direction of the Catholic priest John Cornelius. During this time, he ministered to some of the clandestine Catholics at the Inns of Court. After about five weeks he then went to Dorsetshire and worked in the Western Counties for about a year.
Around Easter 1586, he was denounced by a gentleman's servant who had once been his fellow-lodger. He was captured, then tried and condemned at Taunton; however, he denied his faith for a reprieve and then broke prison. Having fled to Salisbury, he continued his labours there until the next August. Then, on the eve of the Assumption, the Protestant Bishop of Salisbury decided to search the houses of local Catholics, suspecting that he might catch a priest saying mass. During the raids Hambley was recaptured. Now worse off than ever, he became even more afraid than before and gave up the names of most of his Catholic friends, as well as denied his faith. However, the judges did not trust his statements and he was held over for the next assizes. Then, on the next Easter, he was tried again. This third time though, he did not break, and was executed near Salisbury, "standing to it manfully, and inveighing much against his former fault".
No one is sure what caused him to stand firm during his final arrest. One contemporary, Father Warford, believed it was due to his guardian angel, but another, Father Gerard, with great probability, states that his strength came from a fellow prisoner, Thomas Pilchard, who later became a martyr himself.
# Elachista baltica

Elachista baltica is a moth of the family Elachistidae. It is found in Sweden, Finland, and Poland.
The larvae feed on Festuca rubra arenaria. They mine the leaves of their host plant.

## Taxonomy

The species was previously synonymised with Elachista freyerella, but was reinstated as a species by Baran & Buszko in 2005.
# Hafeez

Hafeez , meaning "protector" in Arabic ( حفیظ ) is a masculine Muslim name. It may refer to:

## Given name

* Hafeez Jullundhri, Pakistani poet
* Hafeez Malik, Professor of Political Science at Villanova University, in Pennsylvania

## Surname

* Azeem Hafeez, Pakistani cricketer
* Mohammad Hafeez, Pakistani cricketer
* Muin Bek Hafeez, Indian basketball player
* Osman Abdel Hafeez, Egyptian Olympic fencer
# Zharma District

Zharma (Kazakh: Жарма ауданы, Jarma audany) is a district of Abai Region in eastern Kazakhstan. The administrative center of the district is the village of Kalbatau (Georgiyevka). Population: 43,176 (2013 estimate); 44,831 (2009 Census results); 60,247 (1999 Census results).
# Kouros Shahmiri

Kouros Shahmiri (Persian: کوروس شاهمیری), also known by the mononym "Kouros" (Persian: کوروس), is an Iranian–American pop singer, best known for being part of the pop duo Andy & Kouros with Andranik Madadian (Andy).
Andy and Kouros released four albums together: Khastegary (1985), Parvaz (1988), the hugely successful album Balla, and finally Goodbye (1991). The two split in 1992, with both Andy and Kouros going on to have successful individual solo careers.
After the split, Kouros has released a number of solo albums.
Andy and Kouros reunited several times after that point. In 2002 and 2004 they performed together for a sold-out audience in San Jose, California. In 2009, Andy & Kouros they went on an international tour together in the Iranian diaspora, and performed together again in May, 2010. They also appeared together on a music video by Farez remaking their hit "Niloufar".

## Discography
### Albums
#### as Andy & Kouros

* 1985: Khastegary (خواستگاری)
** Notable tracks "Three of Us" / "Madar"
* 1987: Parvaz (پرواز)
** Notable tracks: "Chi Mishod", "Restless", "Niloufar", "Topoli", "Restless"
* 1990: Balla (بلا)
** Notable tracks: "Balla", "Leila", "Negah", "Sheytoon Balla", "Khodaye Asemoonha", "Don't Go Away"
* 1991: Goodbye (خداحافظ)
** Notable tracks: "Strange Love", "Yasaman"

#### Solo

* 1992: نسل من
* 1995: یاغی
* 1998: دروازهٔ عشق
* 2000: عاشق‌ترین
* 2010: افسانه
# Monument to railwaymen (Kamensk-Shakhtinsky)

Monument to railwaymen (Russian: Памятник железнодорожникам) or Monument to a steam locomotive (Russian: Памятник паровозу) is a monument in Kamensk-Shakhtinsky, Rostov Oblast, Russia. It is dedicated to the railwaymen of Likhaya Railway Division, who were working hard during and following the Great Patriotic War. It consists of an intact steam locomotive class L on the railway track installed on the low concrete pedestal. The monument is surrounded by an iron chain. The opening ceremony took place on 2 August 1986. The monument was officially opened by railway veterans P. Berkov, A. Odininsky, N. Yurov. In front of the locomotive there is a slab with carved words:
   In honor of selfless work of the railwaymen of Likhaya Railway Division in the South Eastern Railway during and following the Great Patriotic War from grateful natives of Likhovskoy.
Resolution of the Executive Committee Council of National Deputies of December 12, 1992 No. 325 the monument is considered to be an object of local cultural heritage. The steam locomotive is located in the center of Likhovskoy (a district of Kamensk-Shakhtinsky) near a Community Center of railwaymen.
The steam locomotive L-0002 was built at the Kolomna Locomotive Works in 1945. It registered Kochetkovka-I as its home locomotive depot. The locomotive was in service on the Morozovskaya — Likhaya railway and other lines running from Southwest and South Russia between 1947 and the 1970s.