OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# María Villalón

María Villalón Sánchez (born 1 April 1989 in Ronda, Málaga, Spain), is a Spanish singer and most notably the winner of the first series of the Spanish version of The X Factor in 2007.

## Biography

Villalón grew up singing from an early age. She attended a music conservatory, learning to play cello when she was 10. She published two studio albums with a small Andalusian record label. In 2006, Villalón took part in the television show Bienvenidos on Canal Sur, and she auditioned for the reality television music competition Operación Triunfo, reaching the top 90 of candidates, but she was not selected.

## Factor X

Villalón rose to fame in 2007 at the age of seventeen when she auditioned for the reality show music competition Factor X, the Spanish version of The X Factor, aired on Cuatro. She went on to win the series performing Dulce Pontes' "Cançao do mar" and Pasión Vega's "María se bebe las calles".

## After Factor X

After her win, Villalón released the studio album Te espero aquí with Sony BMG. The album was released on 13 November 2007. Its first and only single was "Agüita de abril".
Her second album, Los tejados donde fuimos más que amigos, gave her another Top 40 single titled La lluvia
After some time living in Scotland and retiring from music, Villalón came back to prominence in 2018 as one of the participants of the seventh season of the reality series Tu cara me suena, where celebrity contestants impersonate singers. On 8 February 2019, she was declared the winner of the season.

## Discography
### Albums

* 2000: Entre sueños
* 2002: Rompe
* 2007: Las mejores canciones de María en Factor X
* 2008: Te espero aquí
* 2009: Los tejados donde fuimos más que amigos
* 2012: Historias de una cantonta
* 2015: El insólito viaje de una gota de lluvia

### EP's

* 2022: Tratado de Paz

### Singles

* 2007: "Agüita de abril"
* 2008: "Amores que matan"
* 2009: "La lluvia"
* 2010: "Cosas que no sé de ti"
* 2010: "Quiero que estés aquí"
* 2012: "La ciudad de las bicicletas"
* 2013: "Todo arde"
* 2014: "Dieta para dos"
* 2014: "Descalza"
* 2015: "Ni tú ni yo"
* 2016: "Mágico y absurdo"
* 2018: "La batalla"
* 2021: "Pañuelos de seda"
* 2022: "Despierta, corazón"
* 2022: "Tratado de paz"
# Abalakovo, Sayansky District, Krasnoyarsk Krai

Abalakovo (Russian: Абала́ково, Kamassian: Abalakovo) is a rural locality (a village) in Malinovskoye Rural Settlement of Sayansky District, Krasnoyarsk Krai, Russia. The population was 51 as of 2010. There are 4 streets. In 1964 Abalakovo was inhabited mainly by Russians and Ukrainians and by some Tatars and Kamasins. The last Kamassian native speaker (Klavdya Plotnikova) also lived in Abalakovo. In October 2023, in her honour an information stand was installed in Abalakovo by a group of enthusiasts at the initiative of the chairman of the Malinovskoye Rural Settlement.

## Geography

Abalakovo is located 30 km south of Aginskoye (the district's administrative centre) by road. Voznesenka is the nearest rural locality.
# Velda Otsus

Velda Otsus (24 August 1913 Tartu – 16 August 2006 Tallinn) was an Estonian ballet dancer and stage actress.
In 1932 she graduated from Tartu Girls' Gymnasium (Estonian: Tartu tütarlastegümnaasium). During the studies she studied dancing in Tiina Kapper's private studio. From 1932 until 1950, she was the principal ballerina at the Vanemuine, and from 1950 until 1961, an actress at the Vanemuine. From 1961 until 1982, she was an actress at the Estonian Drama Theatre.
Awards:
* 1955: Meritorious Artist of the Estonian SSR
* 1988: Best Actress of the Year
* 1993 Estonian National Culture Foundation Lifetime Achievement Award
* 1999: Order of the White Star, IV class.

## Roles

* Aminta (Benatzky's "Kolm musketäri", 1932 and 1945)
* Barbara (Karma's "Lembitu", 1933)
* Azuri (Romberg's "Kõrbelaul", 1934)
# Kordan

Kordan or Kurdan or Koverdan (Persian: كوردان) may refer to:
* Ali Kordan, Iranian politician
* Kordan, Alborz, a village in Alborz Province, Iran
* Koverdan, Bandar Lengeh, a village in Hormozgan Province, Iran
* Kurdan, Bastak, a village in Hormozgan Province, Iran
* Kordan, Kerman, a village in Kerman Province, Iran
# Dolchamar

Dolchamar is a rock band formed in London and currently based in Finland that performs in the language Esperanto. The band was formed in 1999 by Patrik Austin after his departure from Punaiset Messiaat, and was instantly signed on for the French Vinilkosmo record company, and as of 2014 the band resides in Finland. In 2003, they changed their name from Dolcxamar to Dolchamar, a change between the two conventions for representing the Esperanto word dolĉamar', pronounced — poetic for dolĉamaro (literally "sweet bitterness").

## Members
### Members as of 2014

* Patrik Austin – vocals, guitar
* Hannu Linkola – drums, percussion
* Sebastian Dumitrescu – bass
* Andrei Dumitrescu – synthesizer

### Former members

* Leena Peisa (2003–2005) – synthesizer, vocals

## Ĉu vi pretas?

Ĉu vi pretas? is a hip hop song by the Esperanto band Dolchamar, on the album Lingvo Intermonda. The title comes from the chorus challenging, Ĉu vi pretas por la veno de Dolchamar? ("Are you ready for the coming of Dolchamar?"). The punchline Ĉu vi pretas? is an idiomatic way of asking one whether they are ready. It originally appeared briefly in a song by La Mondanoj, an 80's Esperanto hard rock band, and has now become a common catch phrase among Esperanto users.

## Albums

* Trejn Tu Noŭer (2009)
** Trejn Tu Noŭer
** 2Gether 4Awhile
** M.T.R.
** River
** Clavis
** Ni Festis Unu Nokton
** Experimento música
** La Pordisto
** Ho Abio
** -if-
** Des Pli
** La Fariseo
* Rebela Sono (2005)
** Junaj idealistoj
** Himno de Esperhe
** Akcidentoj
** Ni chiuj ni
** ...Kaj chi tio povas ighi nenio
** Kontra krusadanto
** Solaj paroj
** Subamighi
** Simia kaptilo
** Kr3yza festema injo
** Chinokta sento
** En Grekia
* Elektronika kompilo (2003) – Dolchamar contributed two titles
* Lingvo Intermonda (2000) (part of Kolekto 2000)
** Malbonulo
** Ĉu vi pretas
** Urbega nimfo
** Pacman
** Mi volas pli
** ...kaj pli
** Tunel' tra la ter'
** Lingvo intermonda
** F--iĝu!
* Kun ikso (demo) (1999)
** Malbonulo
** Pacman
** Mi volas pli
# Aliabad-e Shur

Aliabad-e Shur (Persian: سيرزار) may refer to:
* Aliabad-e Shur, Fars
* Aliabad-e Shur, Khalilabad, Razavi Khorasan Province
* Aliabad-e Shur, Sabzevar, Razavi Khorasan Province
# Ann Birstein

Ann Judith Birstein (May 27, 1927 – May 24, 2017) was an American Fulbright Scholar, novelist, memoirist, essayist, film critic, blogger, and professor.

## Biography

She was born in the Hell's Kitchen neighborhood of New York City and was the daughter of the notable Rabbi Bernard Birstein of the Actor's Temple. She attended Queens College and published her first novel, Star of Glass, in 1950 at the age of twenty three. She was married to and later divorced the literary critic Alfred Kazin, with whom she had a daughter, Cathrael Kazin. Birstein was also stepmother to professor and author Michael Kazin. She was a former professor of Barnard College.
She died at home in New York on May 24, 2017, following a long illness.

## Novels

* Star of Glass (1950)
* The Troublemaker
* The Sweet Birds of Gorham
* Summer Situations
* Dickie's List
* American Children
* The Rabbi on Forty-seventh Street (biography of her father, Rabbi Bernard Birstein)
* The Last of the True Believers
* What I Saw at the Fair (autobiography)
* Vanity Fare (2009)
# Caroline Ncube

Caroline Bongiwe Ncube is a Zimbabwean academic who is a professor of commercial law at the University of Cape Town. She holds the South African Research Chair in Intellectual Property, Innovation, and Development. Her primary research interest is intellectual property law and its socioeconomic implications.

## Academic background

Originally from Zimbabwe, Ncube completed an LLB at the University of Zimbabwe in 1995. After a short time in private practice as an attorney at Coghlan, Welsh & Guest, she read for an LLM at the University of Cambridge in 2000. After graduating, she worked as a lecturer at the University of Limpopo and the University of Zimbabwe.
In 2005, Ncube joined the University of Cape Town, where she was a lecturer in the Department of Commercial Law while working part-time on her PhD in intellectual property (IP) law. She completed her PhD in June 2011.

## Academic positions

After receiving her PhD, she continued lecturing at UCT, where she was head of the commercial law department between 2014 and 2016. She was promoted to full professor in 2016. She holds the South African Research Chair in Intellectual Property, Innovation, and Development, which is hosted by UCT, funded by the Department of Science and Technology, and administered by the National Research Foundation. She is also affiliated with UCT's intellectual property unit.
At UCT, Ncube was deputy dean for postgraduate studies in 2017 and 2019, and she reprised her role as head of the commercial law department in 2022. She has written about the decolonisation of legal education and piloted a "decolonised" IP curriculum at UCT.
Ncube is a member of the Academy of Science of South Africa. She has served on advisory panels for organisations including the African Continental Free Trade Area Secretariat, the African Union, and the United Nations Economic Commission for Africa. She is a member of the International Association for the Advancement of Teaching and Research in Intellectual Property, a member of the editorial board of the Journal of World Intellectual Property, and a member of the international steering committee of the Open African Innovation Research Network.

## Scholarship

Ncube's primary research interests are IP law and policy and their calibration to achieve national socioeconomic goals in African states. In particular, she has studied the effect of IP law on the promotion of innovation in African contexts, such as in the informal sector, as well as its effect on access to information and the protection of indigenous knowledge. Her 2015 monograph, Intellectual Property Policy, Law, and Administration in Africa: Exploring Continental and Sub-regional Cooperation, is about the effect of African regional integration efforts on the development of IP law and policy in Africa.

## Personal life

In August 2003 she immigrated to South Africa, where she has permanent resident status. Ncube is married. She has two sons.
# Edmond Etling

Edmond Laurent Etling (23 June 1878 – around 1940) was a French art dealer, gallery owner, designer, and a manufacturer of high-quality decorative objects made of bronze, ceramics and art glass in the Art Deco style.
He owned La Societe Anonyme Edmond Etling (English: Edmond Etling Limited Company) for manufacturing, his foundry was named Edmond Etling & Cie, and sometimes the products are referred to as "Etling Glass". His gallery, Galerie Béranger, was located Paris (however there are discrepancies on the exact address).

## Biography

Etling was born in Paris, 11, rue des Halles (1st district), the son of Cerf Etling and Valerie Dreyfus.
His company La Societe Anonyme Edmond Etling, founded in Paris in 1909, manufactured decorative object and commissioned sculptors and artists, including Georges Béal, Demétre Chiparus, Claire Colinet, Armand Godard, Geneviève Granger, Marcel Guillard, Maurice Guiraud-Rivière, Géza Hiecz, Fanny Rozet, and Lucille Sévin. Other artists worked with Etling when casting their statuettes including Aurore Onu, Marcel Bouraine, Pierre Le Faguays, Raymonde Guerbe, and André Vincent Becquerel.
Etling is known for light blue opalescent objects such as plates and bowls, which were also produced in gray and frosted glass. Most items bore the cast signature "Etling France" followed by a model number related to the Choisy-le-Roi catalogue.
In 1910, Etling was awarded the diplome d'honneur at Brussels International (1910). In 1923, he was awarded the Grand Prix in Paris. In 1940, Etling closed his shop due to World War II. Because Etling was of Jewish descent, he was sent to a Nazi concentration camp, where he died.
In the 1970s, the Manufacture Royale de Porcelaine de Sèvres reproduced some Etling designs, particularly the female nudes.
# Jirón Quilca

Jirón Quilca is a major street in the Damero de Pizarro, located in the historic centre of Lima, Peru. The street starts at its intersection with the Jirón de la Unión and continues until it reaches Alfonso Ugarte Avenue.

## History

The road that today constitutes the street was laid by Francisco Pizarro when he founded the city of Lima on January 18, 1535.
In 1862, when a new urban nomenclature was adopted, the road was named jirón Quilca, after the district in Camaná Province, Arequipa. Prior to this renaming, each block (cuadra) had a unique name:
* Block 1: Iturrizaga, after Bernardo de Iturrizara y Mansilla.
* Block 2: San Jacinto, after the chapel of the same name that existed in the 17th century. In 1857, the first gas factory for public lighting was built in this area.
* Block 3: Alfareros, after the various clay article making shops that existed during the viceroyalty.
During the economic crisis of the 1980s, both Quilca and Camaná streets became known for their book stores, which sold second-hand books and music cassettes at an affordable price. The leasing contract between these stores and the Archdiocese of Lima, effective since 1997, expired in 2016. A known place is the Bar Queirolo, a restaurant in the street's corner with Camaná.
In the early morning of October 27, 2018, the Giacoletti Building, located on the street's first block, was damaged by a fire that lasted three hours. The building has remained empty since, still in a dilapidated state and without final demolition or reconstruction due to bureaucratic obstacles and financing problems. Currently, only the outer part of the building remains, although plans to rebuild it have been proposed.
# Ex parte McCardle

Ex parte McCardle, 74 U.S. (7 Wall.) 506 (1869), was a United States Supreme Court decision in which the Court held that Congress has the authority to withdraw the Supreme Court's appellate jurisdiction to review decisions of lower courts at any time. The entirety of the Court's appellate jurisdiction is determined by federal law.

## Case history

During the Civil War Reconstruction, newspaper publisher William McCardle printed some "incendiary" articles, advocating opposition to the Reconstruction laws enacted by Congress. He was jailed by a military commander under the Military Reconstruction Act of 1867. McCardle invoked habeas corpus in the Circuit Court of the Southern District of Mississippi. The judge sent him back into custody, finding the military actions legal under Congress' law. He appealed to the Supreme Court under the Habeas Corpus Act of 1867, which granted appellate jurisdiction to review denial of habeas corpus petitions. After the case was argued but before an opinion was delivered, Congress suspended the Supreme Court's jurisdiction over the case, exercising the powers granted under Article III, section 2 of the Constitution.

## Issues

Two issues were raised by this case: Whether the Supreme Court had jurisdiction to hear the case, and if so, whether McCardle's imprisonment violated his Fifth Amendment Due Process rights.

## Holdings

Chief Justice Chase, writing for a unanimous court, validated congressional withdrawal of the Court's jurisdiction. The basis for this repeal was the exceptions clause of Article III, section 2. But Chase pointedly reminded his readers that the 1868 statute repealing jurisdiction "does not affect the jurisdiction which was previously exercised." Since the Court held it lacked jurisdiction to hear the case, the second question was not answered. Since Congress had withdrawn jurisdiction to hear the case, McCardle had no legal recourse to challenge his imprisonment in federal court.

## Rationale

Durousseau v. United States, 10 U.S. 307 (1810) held that Congress's affirmative description of certain judicial powers implied a negation of all other powers. Creating such legislation was legitimate under the authority granted them by the United States Constitution. By repealing the act that granted the Supreme Court authority to hear the case, Congress made a clear statement that they were using this Constitutional authority to remove the Supreme Court's jurisdiction. The court had no choice but to dismiss the case.
# Grljani

Grljani (Macedonian: Грљани) is a village in the municipality of Vinica, North Macedonia.

## Demographics

According to the 2002 census, the village had a total of 206 inhabitants. Ethnic groups in the village include:
* Macedonians 206
# Torrijos, Spain

Torrijos is a municipality in the province of Toledo, Castilla–La Mancha, Spain. As of 1 January 2022, it had a registered population of 13,678. The municipality spans across a total area of 17.34 km$^2$.

## History

A Christian army on its way to Toledo took control over the place on behalf of Alfonso VI in 1085, thereby becoming a realengo ('royal demesne').
Torrijos was gifted to the archbishop of Toledo in 1214, in reward for the latter's help in the Battle of Navas de Tolosa, ensuingly becoming a dominion of the Mitre of Toledo. Torrijos enjoyed a sizeable Jewish community, which sided with the losing side in the Castilian Civil War and which also suffered, although to a lesser extent than other locations, the 1391 pogroms. In the context of the 1449 urban revolts in Toledo, a Toledan army under Pedro Girón sacked Torrijos in 1450. Torrijos was bought away from the Archdiocese of Toledo in 1482, and it was incorporated to the Estate of Maqueda, also becoming a town.

## Notable people

* Félix Almagro (1907–1939), bullfighter, first to be killed by a bull at Las Ventas
# Marta de Vilallonga

Marta de Villlonga (born 1960 in Barcelona) is a Spanish designer from Catalonia.

## Life and work

The daughter of painter Jesús Carles de Vilallonga and Madeleine Kirouac, she studied fashion design at Studio Berçot and industrial design at ESDI (Ecole Supérieure de Design Industriel), both in Paris. She then worked on sets and costumes for the French cinema industry. In 1988 and 1989, she worked at Richard Meier's workshop in New York City, on furniture and interior design projects. In 1990 she started working with architect Ricardo Bofill and his firm Ricardo Bofill Taller de Arquitectura (RBTA), and also became Bofill's long-term partner.
She has been in charge of most of RBTA's interior design work in the subsequent decades, including for projects such as Barcelona Airport, the National Institute of Physical Education of Catalonia, National Theatre of Catalonia, Madrid Convention Palace, and the remodeling of Bofill's home within his complex known as La Fábrica in Sant Just Desvern near Barcelona. She has also produced designs under her own name.
In 2020, she curated a show of paintings by her late father at the Espai Volart exhibition venue of Fundació Vila Casas in Barcelona, titled Vilallonga: The Inner Eye (Catalan: Vilallonga, l'ull interior).
# Anardar

Anardar (Persian: اناردر) may refer to:
* Anardar-e Bala
* Anardar-e Pain
# Dzoragyugh, Aragatsotn

40°28′N 43°54′E﻿ / ﻿40.467°N 43.900°E﻿ / 40.467; 43.900
Dzoragyugh (Armenian: Ձորագյուղ) is a village in the Talin Municipality of the Aragatsotn Province of Armenia.
# Garnahovit

Garnahovit (Armenian: Գառնահովիտ) is a village in the Talin Municipality of the Aragatsotn Province of Armenia. The village has an imposing mid-7th century church of S. Gevorg. There are other church remains in the gorge to the east and Urartian remains nearby to the east and southeast.
# Ahmad Al Beloushi

Ahmad Abdullah Kamshad Al Beloushi (Arabic: أحمد عبدالله كمشاد البلوشي, born 11 April 1981) is a Kuwaiti footballer who is a forward for the Kuwaiti Premier League club Al Yarmouk.
# Alfred Foster (mathematician)

Alfred Leon Foster (1904-1994) was an American mathematician. He was a professor at the University of California, Berkeley, from 1934 until 1971. In 1932, he was an Invited Speaker at the ICM in Zürich.
In 1934, he accepted a regular position at Berkeley. At that time, Griffith Evans was Head of the Mathematics Department and was charged by President Sproul with building a first-class mathematics center, which he did. Alfred Foster and Charles Morrey (the first department chairman after Evans' retirement) were Evans' first two appointments. Except for subsequent sabbatical leaves, spent most notably in Freiburg and Tübingen, Foster served continuously at Berkeley until his retirement at the then-mandatory age of 67 in 1971.
Foster's Ph.D. dissertation and his first few papers were in mathematical logic. From this point, he soon focused on the related theory of Boolean algebras and Boolean rings and was thus led from logic to algebra. He extensively studied the role of duality in Boolean theory. Subsequently, he developed a theory of n-ality for certain rings, which played for n-valued logics the role of Boolean rings vis-a-vis Boolean algebras. The late Benjamin Bernstein of the Berkeley mathematics faculty was his collaborator in some of this research. This work culminated in his seminal paper "The Theory of Boolean-like Rings", appearing in 1946.
Foster was married to Else Wagner; their marriage produced four children and eight grandchildren.

## Selected publications

* Foster, AL (1938). "Natural Systems". Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 24 (4): 185–187. Bibcode:1938PNAS...24..185F. doi:10.1073/pnas.24.4.185. PMC 1077064. PMID 16588219.
* Foster, AL (1941). "Natural Systems: The Structure of Abstract Monotone Sequences". Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 27 (6): 325–327. Bibcode:1941PNAS...27..325F. doi:10.1073/pnas.27.6.325. PMC 1078331. PMID 16588468.
* Foster, Alfred L. (1946). "The theory of Boolean-like rings". Trans. Amer. Math. Soc. 59: 166–187. doi:10.1090/s0002-9947-1946-0015045-5. MR 0015045.
* Foster, AL (1949). "The n-Ality Theory of Rings". Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 35 (1): 31–38. Bibcode:1949PNAS...35...31F. doi:10.1073/pnas.35.1.31. PMC 1062953. PMID 16588850.
* Foster, Alfred L. (1949). "On the permutational representation of general sets of operations by partition lattices". Trans. Amer. Math. Soc. 66 (2): 366–388. doi:10.1090/s0002-9947-1949-0030932-2. MR 0030932.
* Foster, Alfred L. (1950). "p-rings and their Boolean-vector representation". Acta Mathematica. 84 (1): 231–261. doi:10.1007/BF02414856.
* Foster, Alfred L. (1956). "On the finiteness of free (universal) algebras". Proc. Amer. Math. Soc. 7 (6): 1011–1013. doi:10.1090/s0002-9939-1956-0083980-x. MR 0083980.
# Vatutin

Vatutin (Russian: Ватутин) is a Russian masculine surname, its feminine counterpart is Vatutina. Notable people with the surname include:
* Alexey Vatutin (born 1992), Russian tennis player
* Nikolai Vatutin (1901–1944), Soviet military commander
# Omid Samkan

Omid Samkan (Persian: امید سامکن, born 26 April 1996) is an Iranian football defender, who plays for Sepidrood Rasht in Persian Gulf Pro League.

## Club career
### Sepidrood

He made his debut for Sepidrood Rasht in 6th fixtures of 2017–18 Persian Gulf Pro League against Sanat Naft Abadan.
# Zereshkuh

Zereshkuh (Persian: زرشكوه, also Romanized as Zereshḵūh) is a village in Howmeh Rural District, in the Central District of Semnan County, Semnan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 11, in four families.