OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# James Gilbert Gerard

James Gilbert Gerard (1795 – 31 March 1835) was a Scottish surgeon and explorer.

## Biography

Gerard son of Gilbert Gerard, D.D, brother of Alexander and of Patrick Gerard, was born in 1795. Probably he is the ‘Gerard, Jacobus, Aberdoniensis,’ who entered the King's or Marischal College as in 1807, but there is some doubt. On 27 November 1814 he was appointed assistant-surgeon on the Bengal establishment and became surgeon 5 May 1826. He accompanied his brother Alexander in several of his Himalayan journeys, and was author of ‘Observations on the Spité Valley and the circumjacent Country within the Himalayas’ in ‘Asiat. Researches’ (1833), xviii. 238–79, and of the ‘Account of a Visit to the Shotool and Borendo Passes’ in Sir William Lloyd's book. His regimental service was chiefly in the hills with the 1st Nusseerabad battalion. In 1831 he volunteered to accompany Sir Alexander Burnes in his expedition across the Hindu Khoosh to Bokhara. Sufficient credit has not been given to Gerard for the scientific accuracy which his assistance lent to the geographical information collected by Burnes (Journ. Roy. Geog. Soc. Lond. xii. 133). From his notebooks his brother Alexander prepared a map of the return route from Herat to Peshawur. His brother writes: ‘His trip to Bokhara with Colonel Sir Alexander Burnes was a mad-like expedition for him, as he had long been unwell and was obliged to leave his bed to go, and could only travel in a palkee [palanquin]. It was … at his own particular request that Burnes applied for him. The trip killed him, for he had several attacks of fever on his way to Bokhara, and Burnes again and again urged him either to return or stop at Cabool until he recovered, but he would do neither. … On his return he was detained three months at Meshed, and no less than eight at Herat, by fever, so that on his arrival at Subathoo his constitution was completely worn out. He … gradually declined. Patrick and I were with him the whole time he survived, which was just a year, for I got leave of absence to prepare a map of the route from his notes; for he observed the bearings, estimated the distances, and noted the villages all the way from Herat to the Indus. … It was a splendid map, 10 ft. long by 3 ft. wide, on a scale of 5 in. to the mile. At my brother's dying request I presented it to Sir Charles Metcalfe, then governor-general, from whom I received a thousand thanks. The map is now [1840] with the army on the Indus, and … they have found the position of the roads wonderfully correct, considering the distances were estimated by time and the bearings taken with a small pocket-compass.’ Gerard died at Subathoo 31 March 1835.
The German geographer, Carl Ritter, has noticed the valuable services rendered by the three brothers Gerard to the cause of geographical science (Ritter, Der Erdkunde von Asien (1829), Band ii. S. 546).
# Volto!

Volto! (often stylized VOLTO!) is an American rock jam band based in Los Angeles, California. First formed in the early 2000s, the current lineup consists of Lance Morrison on bass, Danny Carey (Tool) on drums, Matt Rohde on keyboards, and John Ziegler on guitars. Carey and Ziegler previously played together in Pigmy Love Circus and in jam sessions at a jazz club in Southern California's San Fernando Valley with Morrison.

## Discography

Albums
* Incitare (2013)
Music videos "Tocino" (2013)

## Personnel

* Danny Carey – drums
* Lance Morrison – bass
* Matt Rohde – keyboards
* John Ziegler – guitars
# Juki, Iran

Juki (Persian: جوكي), also rendered as Chugi and Jugi, may refer to:
* Juki-ye Bizhan
* Juki-ye Vosta
# Adrian Leaper

Adrian Leaper (born 1953) is an English conductor.

## Biography

Leaper studied horn and conducting at the Royal Academy of Music and for eight years was co-principal horn of the Philharmonia Orchestra. He was Principal Conductor of the Orquesta Filarmónica de Gran Canaria from 1994 until 2001, when he became conductor of the RTVE Symphony Orchestra in Madrid until 2010.
He has made many recordings for the Naxos Records label. He has conducted all four major London orchestras, the Moscow, Vienna and Prague Symphony Orchestras in addition to many other radio, philharmonic and symphony orchestras around the world.
# Zvyagino, Chulkovsky Selsoviet, Vachsky District, Nizhny Novgorod Oblast

Zvyagino (Russian: Звягино) is a rural locality (a hamlet) in Chulkovsky Selsoviet, Vachsky District, Nizhny Novgorod Oblast, Russia. 21 (2010 Census); 22 (2002 Census);
# Croatian Tennis Association

The Croatian Tennis Association (Croatian: Hrvatski teniski savez) is the governing body of tennis in Croatia. It organizes Croatia's teams in the Davis Cup and the Fed Cup. It also organizes and helps coordinate local tournaments and produces a national ranking list of players.
The CTA was formed in 1990. However, the first tennis association in Croatia dates back to 1912. It is a member of the International Tennis Federation. The association's president is Franjo Luković.

## Presidents

* Hrvoje Šarinić
* Stanko Bick
* Jurica Malčić
* Niko Bulić
* Suad Rizvanbegović (–2000)
* Slaven Letica (2000–2002)
* Radimir Čačić (2002–2011)
* Franjo Luković (2011–present)
# Slakovci railway station

Slakovci railway station (Croatian: Željezničko stajalište Slakovci) is a railway stop on Novska–Tovarnik railway in Croatia. The station is operated by Croatian Railways, the state-owned railway company. It is located at the southern edge of the village of Slakovci.
On 19 January 2012 reconstruction of the Slakovci railway station was completed. It was a part of reconstruction of nine railway stations on 67 kilometer route between Vinkovci and Tovarnik-Croatia–Serbia border funded from the Instrument for Pre-Accession Assistance of the European Union (48%) and Croatian Government (52%).
# 1697 in piracy

See also 1696 in piracy, other events in 1697, 1698 in piracy and Timeline of piracy.

## Events
### Indian Ocean

* Undated - Adam Baldridge flees Madagascar to avoid attack by neighbors for engaging in the slave trade.
* October 30 - William Kidd murders his gunner, William Moore.
# Elijah Pitts Award

The Elijah Pitts Award annual award is presented by the Conway Athletic Award Commission honoring lifetime achievement to Conway, Arkansas athletics. It is named in honor of Conway native Elijah Pitts.
Elijah Pitts was an American football halfback in the NFL for the Green Bay Packers, the Los Angeles Rams, and the New Orleans Saints. He attended high school in Conway, Arkansas at the segregated Pine Street High School. He played college football at Philander Smith College in Little Rock, Arkansas. Pitts scored two touchdowns in the original Super Bowl. He was inducted into the Green Bay Packers Hall of Fame in 1979. After his playing career ended, Pitts was an assistant coach for 25 years, mostly with the Buffalo Bills, coaching in all four of the Bills' Super Bowl appearances in the early 90s. In October 1997, while still the Bills' assistant head coach, Pitts was diagnosed with stomach cancer, which claimed his life nine months later at the age of 60.

## Winners

* 2000 - Warren Woodson (football coach)
* 2001 - Ivan Grove (football coach)
* 2002 - Doak Cambell (administration)
* 2003 - Scottie Pippen (basketball)
* 2004 - Joe Mallett (basketball coach)
* 2005 - Bob Courtway (swimming coach)
* 2006 - Raymond Bright (football / track coach)
* 2007 - Monte Coleman (football)
* 2008 - Bobby Tiner (football)
* 2009 - Cliff Garrison (basketball coach)
* 2010 - Harold Horton (football coach)
* 2012 - Jim Kelly (swimming coach)
# Jeremiah Whitaker Newman

Jeremiah Whitaker Newman (1759 – 27 July 1839) was an English surgeon and medical writer.

## Biography

Newman was the son of Arthur Newman, surgeon, of Ringwood, Hampshire. He was born in 1759, became a member of the Corporation of Surgeons, and was in practice at Ringwood in 1783. In consequence of ill-health he removed to Dover, where he made the acquaintance of Sir Thomas Mantell and his wife, and resided for many years in their house. He was a delightful companion at all times, full of anecdote and energy, intelligence and originality. On 9 Dec. 1790 he was admitted an extra-licentiate of the College of Physicians of London (Munk, Coll. of Phys. 2nd edit. ii. 414). He was a favourite with the eccentric Messenger Monsey, the resident physician at Chelsea Hospital, of whom he wrote (but did not publish) an amusing memoir. He married and settled on his own estate at Ringwood, where he died on 27 July 1839.
His principal work, published anonymously, was ‘The Lounger's Commonplace Book, or Miscellaneous Collections in History, Criticism, Biography, Poetry, and Romance,’ 3rd edit. 4 vols., London, 1805–7, 8vo; and 2 vols., London, 1838, 8vo. He also wrote ‘A Short Inquiry into the Merits of Solvents, so far as it may be necessary to compare them with the Operation of Lithotomy,’ London, 1781, 8vo; and ‘An Essay on the Principles and Manners of the Medical Profession; with some Occasional Remarks on the Use and Abuse of Medicines.’ These two tracts were republished in 1789 under the title of ‘Medical Essays, with Additions.’
# JSC Dux

Open Joint Stock Company Dux (formerly Moscow Kommunar Machine-Building Plant; Russian: Московский машиностроительный завод «Коммунар») is a company based in Moscow, Russia. It produces air-to-air missiles and launching systems for fighter aircraft and aircraft cabin instrument and components.
The company was established in 1893 During the war the factory produced RS-82 rockets, Berezin UB machine guns and other weapons.
From 1963 to 1992 the company was known as Moscow Kommunar Machine-Building Plant. In 1992 the plant became known as Open Joint Stock Company Dux.
# Sarbas

Sarbas (Persian: سربس) may refer to:
* Sarbas-e Olya
* Sarbas-e Sofla
# Cheqer

Cheqer or Chaqar (Persian: چقر) may refer to:
* Cheqer, Golestan
* Chaqar, Markazi
* Chaqar, Razavi Khorasan
# Simaye Azadi

Simaye Azadi (Persian: سیمای آزادی, lit. "Face of Freedom"), also known as Iran National Television (INTV) (Persian: تلویزیون ملی ایران) is a satellite television channel by the organisation People's Mojahedin Organization of Iran (PMOI) and National Council of Resistance of Iran (NCRI). It is broadcast from Europe, containing subjects relating to Iran and PMOI. It mostly broadcasts news, but also has documentaries, music, and social and cultural specials.

## 2009 protests in Iran

There were protests in Iran on the Shi'a holiday of Ashura to protest the outcome of the 2009 Iranian presidential election. Abdolkarim Soroush has identified the moment as a turning point in the Ahmedinejad regime's crackdown on the Iranian Green Movement. Various parties in Iran including Kazem Jalali and the Iranian intelligence service blamed Mojahedin-e Khalq for the unrest, linking the group publicly for the first time with the Green Movement. Opposition leaders like Mir-Hossein Mousavi hurried to dispute the government's characterizations.
# Saroop Roshi

Saroop Roshi is a Malaysian beauty pageant titleholder who won Miss World Malaysia 2023.

## Pageantry

Roshi competed at Miss Grand Malaysia 2019 and was first runner-up, and she reached the top 18 at Miss Universe Malaysia 2019.
Roshi won Miss World Malaysia 2023. She became the fifth Perakian to win the title following Rosalind Kong in 1985. She will represent her country at Miss World 2025.

## Personal life

In 2019 Roshi created an online suicide prevention organisation called “UnmaskYourself”, to create awareness, promote prevention and intervention efforts for suicide in Malaysia. UnmaskYourself works with mental health professionals, people with lived experiences, children, and teenagers from marginalised and vulnerable communities. It was created after her own personal experience of depression after the death of her father.
# Ahad Gudarziani

Ahad Gudarziani or Ahmad Gudarziani (Persian: احمد گودرزی), is a writer, researcher and journalist who is known for his resistance literature works in Iran. He was honored at the Second and Third Celebration of Sacred Defense Journalists and Writers Conference for his works as Exemplary Writer and Reporter (February 2000 and April 2001).

## Life and career

Ahad Gudarziani, sometimes referred to as Ahmad Gudarziani, was born in Tehran on 1969. Since the age of nineteen he has worked as a writer and journalist with various newspapers and magazines.
He received a bachelor's degree in Persian language and literature and studied journalism at the Center for the Development of Media Education in Tehran, Iran. In 1993, he began his career as a researcher and writer in the Art Section of Islamic Development Organization. Since 1996 he has been managing the magazine "Kaman", a journal on the subject of sacred defense literature.
He also had a history of working with the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps publications.
Gudarziani set up the "Revolutionary and Sacred Defense Department" of Iran Book News Agency and was the secretary of the group until 2013.
He has been a referee at some literary and book festivals in Iran.
# William Piers Ormerod

William Piers Ormerod (14 May 1818 – 10 June 1860) was an English anatomist and surgeon.

## Biography

Ormerod was born in London 14 May 1818, was the fifth son of George Ormerod of Sedbury Park, Gloucestershire. He was sent to school first at Laleham under the Rev. John Buckland, together with his younger brother, Edward Latham and afterwards (1832) to Rugby, under Arnold, by whom three of his elder brothers had been educated. In 1835 he went to St. Bartholomew's Hospital, where, by the advice of his uncle, Dr. Latham, he was articled as a private pupil to Mr. Stanley, and where he had the advantage of the guiding friendship of Mr. James (afterwards Sir James) Paget. He was a quiet and diligent student, and highly distinguished himself in the school examinations in 1839. In 1840–1 he was house-surgeon to Mr. (afterwards Sir William) Lawrence, and in 1842 gained the Jacksonian prize of the Royal College of Surgeons for an ‘Essay on the Comparative Merits of Mercury and Iodine in the Treatment of Syphilis.’ In 1843 he was appointed demonstrator of anatomy, and in the following year he printed, for the use of the students of the hospital, a collection of ‘Questions in Practical Anatomy,’ 1844. He became a member of the London College of Surgeons in 1843, and afterwards a fellow; he belonged also to the Royal Medical and Chirurgical Society. But he had been working too hard, and his health began to fail, so that in 1844 he was obliged to leave London and retire for a time to his father's house at Sedbury Park. Here, as soon as his health recovered, he employed himself in arranging the surgical materials that he had collected in the hospital during the nine years 1835–44, and published them, together with the substance of his Jacksonian prize essay, in 1846, with the title, ‘Clinical Collections and Observations in Surgery, made during an Attendance on the Surgical Practice of St. Bartholomew's Hospital.’ The volume is put together with characteristic carefulness and accuracy.
In the summer of 1846 Ormerod resumed his professional work at Oxford. He was elected one of the surgeons to the Radcliffe Infirmary, and in 1848 published, under the auspices of the Ashmolean Society, an essay ‘On the Sanatory [sic] condition of Oxford,’ based on the annual reports of the registrar-general for 1844–6, and especially directing attention to the sanitary condition of the different localities in which the deaths from zymotic diseases had occurred. But in December 1848, ‘after a period of great hurry and anxiety,’ he suffered from epileptic fits, and retired from practice altogether. Ill-health was the cause of his ceasing to practise and leaving Oxford in 1849, and eventually (1850) he settled at Canterbury. He died there on 10 June 1860, having fractured the base of his skull from a fall during an epileptic seizure. He was buried in the churchyard of St. Martin's, Canterbury.
# Ruly Carpenter

Robert Ruliph Morgan "Ruly" Carpenter III (June 10, 1940 – September 13, 2021) was an American businessman and baseball executive. He was the principal owner and president of the Philadelphia Phillies from 1972 to 1981.

## Early life

Carpenter was born in Wilmington, Delaware, on June 10, 1940. He was the first of three children of Bob Carpenter and Mary Kaye Phelps. He was three years old when his grandfather, R. R. M. Carpenter Sr., bought the Philadelphia Phillies in 1943 and appointed Bob as team president. His grandmother was Margaretta Lammot du Pont, the sister of company president Pierre S. du Pont. Carpenter attended Tower Hill School, where he was a first-team All-State end. He went on to study at Yale University, lettering in football and baseball there.

## Career

Carpenter joined his father in the Phillies' front office in 1963. Two years later, he suggested that his father hire Paul Owens, a young scout, as farm system director. Owens would eventually become general manager in 1972.
Carpenter became team president at age 32, when his father stepped down during the 1972 season while remaining chairman of the board. He became the youngest team president in MLB. His tenure as owner was, statistically speaking, one of the most successful in franchise history. From 1976 to 1980, the Phillies won the NL East in every season but one, including the team's first World Series win in 1980. They also won the first half National League East title in the strike-shortened 1981 season. Carpenter was opposed to female reporters being allowed into the team's locker rooms, but acquiesced to a court ruling in 1979 because he did not want to continue to fight what he regarded as a losing battle.
Soon after the World Series triumph, however, Carpenter decided to sell the team. With the advent of free agency, salaries were already starting to spiral upward, with the Phillies having the second-highest payroll in the MLB at the time. He believed that even with his considerable wealth he needed to take on minority investors in order to stay afloat. Unwilling to have to get permission from partners in order to make major decisions, he sold the Phillies to a group headed by longtime Phillies executive Bill Giles for $32.5 million in 1981—a handsome return on his grandfather's investment of 38 years earlier.
Carpenter resided in Wilmington. He was a longtime member of the University of Delaware Board of Trustees; his family has supported the school for many years. He remained an avid Phillies fan, and closely followed the team's run to its second World Series championship in 2008. He was inducted into the Delaware Sports Hall of Fame in 1987. He was inducted into the Philadelphia Phillies Wall of Fame on August 12, 2023.

## Personal life

Carpenter was married to Stephanie (Conklin) Carpenter for 61 years until his death. Together, they had three children: Robert IV, David, and Cinda.
Carpenter died on September 13, 2021, at his home in Montchanin, Delaware.
# Taldykol (lake)

Taldykol (Kazakh: Талдыкөл is a lake in Bulandy District, Akmola Region, Kazakhstan.
The lake is located by Vorobyovka village, 87 km (54 mi) to the southwest of Makinsk, the district capital.

## Geography

Taldykol is a fluvial lake of the Ishim basin. It is located close to the right bank of the Boksyk river, a tributary of the Kalkutan. To the west there is a lobe joined to the main lake by a sound in the western shore. There is a channel at the southeastern end of the lake connecting with the Boksyk. The channel has a dam that was built in 1953, at the time of the Kazakh SSR, to regulate the water level. The southwestern and northeastern lakeshores are gently sloping, the remainder are steep. The bottom is sandy and silty. The thickness of the silt layer is between 20 cm (7.9 in) and 30 cm (12 in). The lake freezes in November and thaws by April. The water of Taldykol is fresh, becoming brackish in the summer.
Taldykol lies about 40 km (25 mi) to the northeast of the Ishim, of which the Kalkutan is a tributary. Among the lakes in its vicinity, Balyktykol lies 25 kilometers (16 mi) to the southeast, and Alakol 69 kilometers (43 mi) to the south.

## Flora and fauna

The shores are lined with reeds. The area surrounding Taldykol includes agricultural fields and patches of steppe vegetation. There are fish living in the lake.
# Andrea Cristiano

Andrea Cristiano (born 15 July 1984) is an Italian footballer who plays for Italian club Ghivizzano Borgoamozzano.
Cristiano extended his contract with AlbinoLeffe to 30 June 2011 in December 2007.
On 31 August 2010 he left for fellow Serie B team Ascoli Calcio 1898. On the same day he renewed his contract until 2014. However, on 22 June 2011 Ascoli decided not to sign him outright.
On 12 August 2013, Cristiano joined Varese on a two-year deal.
# Microcephalophis

Microcephalophis gracilis, also known as the graceful small-headed seasnake, slender sea snake, narrow-headed sea snake, common small-headed sea snake, is a species of sea snake found in the Indian and Pacific Oceans. It is venomous.

## Diagnostic characters

Head small, body long and slender anteriorly; scales on thickest part of body juxtaposed; 5–6 maxillary teeth behind fangs; 17–21 scale rows around neck, 30–36 around thickest part of body (increase from neck to midbody 18–24); ventrals divided by a longitudinal fissure; prefrontal in contact with third upper labial; ventrals 220–287.
Total length males 950 mm, females 1025 mm; tail length males 80 mm, females 95 mm.

## Distribution

Microcephalophis gracilis is found on the coasts of the Indian Ocean and West Pacific, from around the Persian Gulf (Bahrain, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Oman, United Arab Emirates (UAE), Iran, Iraq and Kuwait) to Pakistan, India, Sri Lanka, Bangladesh, Myanmar, Thailand, and Indonesia, and into the Malay Archipelago/West Pacific in Thailand, Malaysia, Singapore, Cambodia, Vietnam, the Philippines, southern China, Hong Kong, and Taiwan, as well as in Australia (Queensland) and Papua New Guinea.

## Venom Characteristics

The venom of this species is dangerous and can be fatal. The symptoms generally began to appear within 30 minutes after being bitten. The bite typically does not cause any pain. Muscles get affected once the venom starts to act causing paralysis which is one of the major characteristics of its bite. Victim may also experience headache, thirst and sweating after the bite.
# Andrea D'Amico (footballer)

Francesco Andrea D'Amico (born 17 May 1989) is an Italian football midfielder who currently plays for SC Palazzolo.

## Club career
### Calcio Catania

D'Amico made his debut for the Sicilian club on 12 February 2009, in a Serie A encounter versus Inter Milan, after being promoted from the youth team by head coach, Walter Zenga. He was brought up to the first team following the sale of midfielder, Mark Edusei to Bari and the loan of midfielder Giuseppe Colucci to Chievo. He spent the rest of the season with the Sicilian giants, and was one of several very promising youth players utilized by Zenga. On 25 June 2009 it was confirmed that D'Amico, along with Nicolae Dică, would indeed be going out on loan. D'Amico moved, on loan, to Lega Pro Prima Divisione side Reggiana, but was limited to just 2 league appearances, mostly due to injury. He returned to Catania in January 2010, and was immediately loaned back out to Lega Pro side, Colligiana. During the second portion of the 2009–10 Lega Pro season, the player went on to make 9 appearances for the club. For the 2010–11 season, D'Amico was loaned to Lega Pro Seconda Divisione club Milazzo, where he was inserted into the first team. On 27 June 2011, D'Amico was sold on a co-ownership deal to Milazzo.

### Palazzolo

On 7 September 2019 he joined SC Palazzolo.