OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Froia (bishop of Vic)

Froia (or Fruia, Catalan: Frujà or Fruià; died 992×93) was a canon of the cathedral of Vic from 957 and bishop from 972. His predecessor, Atto, tried to have Vic raised to archiepiscopal status, but was assassinated by his opponents. Elected to replace him, Froia was consecrated by Ermengol, archbishop of Narbonne, who had opposed Atto because Vic was a suffragan diocese of Narbonne.
On 25 February 978, Pope Benedict VII confirmed the possessions and borders of the see of Vic in a pair of bulls sent to Froia and the other suffragan bishops of Narbonne.
Froia pursued a policy of acquiring and building castles along the Catalan frontier, even within the county and diocese of Barcelona. In 987, Count Borrell II of Barcelona donated half of the frontier castle of Miralles to Froia, who extracted an oath of fidelity from the castellan or vicar, Ennec Bonfill: the earliest surviving written oath from Catalonia. Froia also acquired the castles of Les Espases, Esparreguera and Font-rubí in the diocese of Barcelona. He also attempted to construct castles at Montbui and Tous.
Froia was assassinated in 992 or 993 by a faction supporting an anti-bishop. He was succeeded by Arnulf.
# Adri Pieck

Adriana "Adri" Jacoba Pieck (1894–1982) was a Dutch artist.

## Biography

Pieck was born on 29 April 1894 in the Scheveningen section of The Hague. Her sister Margaretha "Gretha" Pieck (1898-1920) was a painter, as was her cousin Anton Franciscus Pieck (1895-1987). She attended the Rijksakademie van beeldende kunsten in Amsterdam. Her teachers included her father, Antonie Pieck [nl] (1865-1925) Carel Lodewijk Dake [nl], Willem Knip [nl].
Gretha and Adri exhibited together and shared a studio until Gretha's early death from Spanish influenza in 1920.
Her work was included in the 1939 exhibition and sale Onze Kunst van Heden (Our Art of Today) at the Rijksmuseum in Amsterdam. Pieck was a member of the Gooische Painters Association and the Kunstenaarsvereniging Sint Lucas [nl], exhibiting regularly with the Sint Lucas group from 1915 through 1961.
Pieck was a vegetarian who made her work available to anti-vivisection and animal protection charities. During WW2 the Dutch Vegetarian Association made it possible that members could receive butter vouchers instead of meat ration cards. Pieck was known to have exchanged the cards to feed her cats.
Pieck died in Hollandsche Rading on 5 April 1982.
# Olguydakh

The Olguydakh (Russian: Олгуйдах; Yakut: Олгуйдаах), is a river in Yakutia (Sakha Republic), Russia. It is a left hand tributary of the Akhtaranda, part of the Vilyuy basin. The river is 191 kilometres (119 mi) long and has a drainage basin of 5,450 square kilometres (2,100 sq mi).
The river flows across an uninhabited sector of Mirninsky District. An area where mysterious events reportedly took place lies near the abandoned Olguydakh village on the banks of the lower course of the river.

## Course

The Olguydakh belongs to the upper stretch of the Vilyuy basin. It originates in the northeastern end of lake Toymoku (Yakut: Тоймоку) of the Vilyuy Plateau. The river heads first northwards for a short stretch, then it bends and heads roughly southeastwards and southwards, meandering slightly for the remainder of its course. There are many small lakes in its basin. In its last stretch the Olguydakh turns to the southwest. Its mouth is at the confluence with the 227 km (141 mi) long Alymdya from the right to form the Akhtaranda, 75 km (47 mi) from its mouth in the Vilyuy Reservoir. There is a bridge of the Aykhal—Chernyshevsky highway over the Olguydakh.

### Tributaries

The main tributary of the Olguydakh is the 80 kilometres (50 mi) long Aallaakh (Ааллаах) from the left. The river freezes in mid October and stays under ice until mid May.
# Cadfan Stone

The Cadfan Stone (Welsh: Carreg Cadfan) is a 7th-9th century stone that has the earliest known Welsh language inscription, specifically in Old Welsh. The stone is located inside St Cadfan's Church, Tywyn, Gwynedd.

## History

Recent scholarship dates the inscriptions to the 9th century. They were previously considered to be older. Ifor Williams dated them to the 8th century, and a late 7th century or early 8th century date was suggested by Kenneth H. Jackson. A date between the 7th century and the 9th century is suggested by Coflein, the website of the Royal Commission on the Ancient and Historical Monuments of Wales.
Despite its undoubted significance, the Cadfan Stone has been given relatively little attention from Welsh authors and poets. Exceptions include the poems 'Cofebion Tywyn' by Owain Owain and 'Y boen' by Myrddin ap Dafydd.
Originally the stone stood over 2.3 metres tall, but it now measures 2.18m tall by 0.25m and 0.2m.

## Interpretation

Below is the interpretation given in the most recent study of the stone (sides A, B, C and D) by Nancy Edwards.

### A/D. Tengr(um)ui cimalted gu(reic) / Adgan // anterunc du But Marciau

'Tengrumui wedded wife of Adgan (lies) fairly near ( or very near) to Bud (and) Marciau (or But Marciau).'

### A. m(ortci)c ar tr(i)

'The mortal remains of the three'

### B/C. Cun ben Celen // tricet nitanam

'Cun woman (or wife of Celyn), a mortal wound remains.'

### C. mort/cic pe/tuar

'The mortal remains of four'
# Andrew Wilson (traveller)

Andrew Wilson (1831–1881) was a Scottish traveller and author.

## Life

He was the eldest son of the missionary John Wilson. He was educated at the universities of Edinburgh and Tübingen, and afterwards lived for some time in Italy. He then went to India, where he began his career as a journalist by taking charge of the Bombay Times in the absence of George Buist, and as an oriental traveller by a tour in Baluchistan.
After his return to England he contributed to Blackwood's Magazine some verses entitled ‘Wayside Songs’; he maintained his connection with ‘Blackwood’ throughout his life. Returning in 1860 to the east, he edited for three years the China Mail, accompanied the expedition to Tianjin after the Second Opium War, and visited Japan. In 1860 he issued at Hong Kong a pamphlet entitled ‘England's Policy in China,’ in which he advocated the change of policy afterwards carried out by Sir Frederick William Adolphus Bruce, Robert Hart, and General Gordon. He travelled in southern China, and sent descriptive contributions to the Daily News and Pall Mall Gazette on Asian questions, as well as to ‘Blackwood.’
At the beginning of the American Civil War he paid a visit to the United States, and afterwards passed some years in England, during which he wrote for papers and magazines. Returning to India about 1873, he edited for a time the Times of India and the Bombay Gazette. Ill-health delayed the publication till 1878 of his book ‘The Ever-Victorious Army: a History of the Chinese Campaigns under Lieutenant-colonel C. G. Gordon, C.B., R.E., and of the Suppression of the Tai-Ping Rebellion,’ an account of the suppression of the movement of 1863–4. Wilson's chief source of information was Gordon's Private Journal then unpublished.
In 1875 Wilson published travel writing under the title ‘The Abode of Snow: Observations on a Journey from Chinese Tibet to the Indian Caucasus through the Upper Valleys of the Himalaya.’ The book is based on articles in Blackwood's Magazine. A second edition was issued next year. Before his final departure from India Wilson made an excursion into the state of Kathiawar. His last contribution to ‘Blackwood’, written in the spring of 1877, was a retrospect of African travel (‘Twenty Years of African Travel’).
The last years of his life were passed in England in the Lake district. He died at Howton on Ullswater on 9 June 1881.
# Olga Li

Olga Sergeyevna Li (Russian: Ольга Сергеевна Ли; born 22 July 1986) is a Russian politician and journalist. Since 2011, she has been a representative in the Kursk regional legislative.
She prepares to run for parliament as a member of the opposition. However, Russian authorities try to charge her with "degrading the dignity" of state officials and endangering Russia's statehood, after she has criticized the Russian president Vladimir Putin in her video named "An Appeal to Putin". Among others, Li accuses him of allowing "criminal conspiracy" at the top of Russian government or the "destruction of the rule of law". If she is convicted, she could face up to two years in prison.
Li has also criticized some of the local authorities, including the deputy chairman of the regional assembly, Viktor Karamyshev, from Putin's United Russia party.
She is a single mother of two daughters.
# Leninkent

Leninkent (Russian: Ленинкент) is the name of several inhabited localities in the Republic of Dagestan, Russia.
# Consthum

Consthum (Luxembourgish: Konstem) is a village and a former commune in northern Luxembourg, in the canton of Clervaux.
On January 1, 2012, the commune merged with Hoscheid and Hosingen communes to form the commune of Parc Hosingen.
As of 2023, the village had a population of 299.

## Former commune

The former commune consisted of the villages:
* Consthum
* Holzthum
* Geyershof (lieu-dit)
# Cheke Holo language

Cheke Holo (also called Maringe or Mariŋe, A’ara, Holo, Kubonitu) is an Oceanic language spoken in the Solomon Islands. Its speakers live on Santa Isabel Island.

## Phonology

The phonology of Cheke Holo shows some peculiarities, shared with other Santa Isabel languages, like the aspirated stops and the voiceless sonorants. The five-vowel system instead conforms to the prototypical system of the Oceanic area (White, Kokhonigita & Pulomana 1988). Boswell (2018:16) has /x/ rather than /ɣʰ/.
Consonant phonemes :
| | | Labial | Labial | Alveolar | Alveolar | Palatal | Palatal | Velar | Velar | Glottal |
| Nasal | Nasal | m̥ | m | n̥ | n | ɲ̊ | ɲ | ŋ̊ | ŋ | |
| Stop | plain | p | b | t | d | t͡ʃ | d͡ʒ | k | ɡ | ʔ |
| Stop | aspirated | pʰ | | tʰ | | | | kʰ | | |
| Fricative | plain | f | v | s | z | | | | ɣ | h |
| Fricative | aspirated | | | | | | | | ɣʰ | |
| Lateral | Lateral | | | l̥ | l | | | | | |
| Trill | Trill | | | r̥ | r | | | | | |
Vowel phonemes :
| | Front | Central | Back |
| High | i | | u |
| Mid | e | | o |
| Low | | a | |

## Morphosyntax

Verbs in Cheke Holo are marked neither for tense nor for person, although they can be prefixed with fa- (a causative marker) and they take enclitics. Among the possible clitics are the direct object pronouns, the completive aspect markers hi and hila, and the continuative aspect marker u (Boswell 2018).
Reduplication is commonly employed with verb roots to express iteration or intensification and as a valency changing device (from intransitive to transitive), although there are attested cases of adjective and (less so) noun reduplication (Boswell 2018). Different types of reduplications are possible in Cheke Holo:
* Full reduplication
** /vra/ 'jump up' > /vravra/ 'be quick to act'
* Partial (or White's rule) reduplication
** /bela/ 'wooden platform' > /beabela/ 'stack up firewood'
* Syllable reduplication
** /nolo/ 'to walk' > /nonolo/ 'go walking about'
** /kmokhu/ 'stop' > /kmokmohu/ 'continue to cease'
** /fruni/ 'cover' > /fufruni/ 'cover completely' (when the second consonant of a cluster is /r/, this is dropped in the reduplicated syllable)
# Sassenage

Sassenage (French pronunciation:; Arpitan: Sassenâjo) is a commune in the Isère department in southeastern France, lying in the north-west of the Grenoble urban area (and administratively within the boundaries of the Grenoble-Alpes metropolitan authority). Its historic centre is on the valley floor at the foot of a large cliff face, with housing also stretching up the lower slopes of the Vercors massif and more recent developments towards Fontaine and the Drac river.

## Population

| Year | Pop. | ±% p.a. |
| 1793 | 290 | — |
| 1800 | 1,242 | +23.10% |
| 1806 | 1,050 | −2.76% |
| 1821 | 1,216 | +0.98% |
| 1831 | 1,155 | −0.51% |
| 1836 | 1,420 | +4.22% |
| 1841 | 1,450 | +0.42% |
| 1846 | 1,464 | +0.19% |
| 1851 | 1,514 | +0.67% |
| 1856 | 1,511 | −0.04% |
| 1861 | 1,505 | −0.08% |
| 1866 | 1,708 | +2.56% |
| 1872 | 1,523 | −1.89% |
| 1876 | 1,544 | +0.34% |
| 1881 | 1,632 | +1.11% |
| 1886 | 1,560 | −0.90% |
| 1891 | 1,549 | −0.14% |
| 1896 | 1,587 | +0.49% |
| Year | Pop. | ±% p.a. |
| 1901 | 1,559 | −0.36% |
| 1906 | 1,347 | −2.88% |
| 1911 | 1,275 | −1.09% |
| 1921 | 1,344 | +0.53% |
| 1926 | 1,724 | +5.11% |
| 1931 | 1,821 | +1.10% |
| 1936 | 1,625 | −2.25% |
| 1946 | 1,648 | +0.14% |
| 1954 | 2,439 | +5.02% |
| 1962 | 2,589 | +0.75% |
| 1968 | 4,118 | +8.04% |
| 1975 | 7,021 | +7.92% |
| 1982 | 8,945 | +3.52% |
| 1990 | 9,788 | +1.13% |
| 1999 | 9,735 | −0.06% |
| 2007 | 10,631 | +1.11% |
| 2012 | 11,473 | +1.54% |
| 2017 | 11,376 | −0.17% |
Graphs are unavailable due to technical issues. There is more info on Phabricator and on MediaWiki.org. :
Source: EHESS and INSEE (1968-2017) :

## International relations

Sassenage is twinned with:
* Meßkirch, Germany
* Sasso Marconi, Italy
# Emam Abbas

Emam Abbas (Persian: امام عباس) may refer to:
* Emam Abbas-e Olya
* Emam Abbas-e Sofla
# Norma (Estonian company)

Norma is an Estonian company which produces car safety system components; Norma belongs to Autoliv group. These safety system components are made for e.g. Audi, Bentley, Porsche, Volkswagen and Tesla cars.
The predecessor of the company was Michelson's workshop (Estonian: Michelsoni plekitöökoda), which was established in 1891. The name "Norma" is used since 1931.
Nowadays Norma was established in 1994.
In 2002, the net turnover was 1 billion Estonian krones. In 2002, most production (98%) was exported.
# Muqadamma Ashrafi

Muqaddama Ashrafi (Tajik: Муқаддима Ашрафӣ; July 5, 1936 – June 29, 2013) was a Tajik medievalist and art historian.

## Biography

Ashrafi was born in Tashkent, Uzbek SSR into an ethnic Tajik family. Her father was the noted composer Mukhtar Ashrafi. She graduated from the Taskhent Musical School in 1954; in 1959 she received a degree in art history from the Moscow State University. From that year until 1961 she worked in the Oriental Studies Department of the USSR Academy of Sciences in Moscow; beginning in 1962 she was a postgraduate student at that institution's Institute of Oriental Studies, graduating in 1968. From 1969 until 1971 she was employed at the Tajik Academy of Sciences in the Department of Philosophy. She earned a Candidate of Art History (equivalent to a PhD) in 1972. The same year, she moved to the Tajik Academy of Sciences Institute of History, and became chair of the humanities department at the Tajik Technological University. In 1986, Ashrafi earned a Doctor of Arts degree (similar to a habilitation). As a scholar, Ashrafi specialized in the medieval arts—especially painting—of Central Asia. She was married to the writer Kamol Ayni. At the time of her death she was at work on the last volume of a planned trilogy on the subject of Tajik miniature painting, having already published the first two volumes in 2011.
# Belinsky (inhabited locality)

Belinsky (Russian: Белинский; masculine), Belinskaya (Белинская; feminine), or Belinskoye (Белинское; neuter) is the name of several inhabited localities in Russia.

## Rural localities

* Belinskoye, Kaliningrad Oblast, a settlement in Novostroyevsky Rural Okrug of Ozyorsky District in Kaliningrad Oblast
* Belinskoye, Sakhalin Oblast, a selo in Tomarinsky District of Sakhalin Oblast
# Lopës

Lopës is a former municipality in the Gjirokastër County, southern Albania. At the 2015 local government reform it became a subdivision of the municipality Tepelenë. The population at the 2011 census was 723. The municipal unit consists of the villages Sinanaj, Matohasanaj, Dorëz, Dhëmblan and Lab Martalloz.

## Etymology

The etymology of Lopës is in Albanian, as it derives from the word Lopë (Albanian word for cow).
# Puttakkana Highway

Puttakkana Highway (Kannada: ಪುಟ್ಟಕ್ಕನ ಹೈವೇ / transl. Puttakka's Highway) is a 2011 Indian Kannada drama film starring Shruti and Prakash Raj in the lead roles. The film was directed by B. Suresha. Prakash Rai and Shylaja Nag jointly produced this venture under Duet Movies and Media House banner. Hamsalekha composed the music and H. M. Ramachandra was the cameraman. The story is based on the novel Puttakkana Medical College by acclaimed writer and filmmaker Nagathihalli Chandrashekar.

## Plot

The story exploits the dark and bright sides of the land acquisition scam. Puttakkana Highway is set in a remote village where people make their living through farming. A couple working as farmers in the village get notice for eviction as a highway is being planned to be built, subsuming their small property of land. The wife decides to go to the capital city and meet the ministers in charge. She, being a poor farming laborer, faces many challenges in meeting the politician. But she ultimately meets him. Back to her native, she finds her land is gone, a highway built over it. She learns through her neighbors her husband died in poverty and the highway has passed across his grave. Greater tragedy lies when she learns that her daughter, out of destitution, has become a sex worker. Human nature of all the types has been well depicted across all characters. Hence, the movie calls for a humane approach towards development.

## Cast

* Shruti as Puttakka
* Prakash Rai as Shani Krishna
* Achyuth Kumar
* Mandya Ramesh
* Srinivas Prabhu
* Veena Sundar
* Sathish Ninasam as a farmer
* B. Suresha in a cameo appearance

## Reception
### Critical response

A critic from The Times of India scored the film at 4 out of 5 stars and says "Hats off to Shruthi for her brilliant portrayal of Puttakka, a rustic woman. Equally good is Prakash Rai, who gives a comic touch to the narration as Shani Krishna. Achuth Kumar, Srinivasa Prabhu and Veena Sundar are brilliant. The real hero is H M Ramachandra, for his pleasing cinematography. Music by Hamsalekha has a desi touch". B S Srivani from Deccan Herald wrote "Veena Sundar’s performance raises expectations of more. Only the sensitive can sift through staid pace and performances to appreciate the sub-texts. But what about those who are not exposed to such realities?An honest effort no doubt, but Puttakkana Highway ultimately fails to bridge the urban-rural gap - a lost opportunity". Shruti Indira Lakshminarayana from Rediff.com scored the film at 3 out of 5 stars and says "Puttakkana Highway is a story that spans over 16 years, not to forget that there are no short cuts while fighting for justice! Watch Puttakana Highway to understand the other flip side of development". A critic from Bangalore Mirror wrote "It is rather a textbook effort at presenting serious questions ad answers. You know the answer and the fact that it is not the solution. A god ride, but it lacks a soul".

## Awards

* The movie won the National Film Award for Best Feature Film in Kannada for the year 2010–2011.
* Puttakkana Highway won an award in 4th Bengaluru International Film Festival 2011.
# Gornji Milješ

Gornji Milješ (Cyrillic: Горњи Миљеш; Albanian: Milesh i Sipërm) is a village in the municipality of Tuzi, Montenegro.

## Demographics

According to the 2003 census, it had a population of 672.
According to the 2011 census, its population was 742.
Ethnicity in 2011 :
| Ethnicity | Number | Percentage |
| Albanians | 714 | 96.2% |
| Montenegrins | 7 | 0.9% |
| other/undeclared | 21 | 2.8% |
| Total | 742 | 100% |
# Elizaveta Akhmatova

Elizaveta Nikolayevna Akhmatova writing as Leila (Russian: Елизавета Николаевна Ахматова; 2 December 1820 – 12 April 1904) was a Russian writer, publisher and translator who published translations of English and French writers into Russian.

## Life

Akhmatova was born in Nachalovo, Astrakhan Governorate in 1820 where she showed an early aptitude for languages. She would read books written in French and translate them as she read aloud to her mother in Russian. She received a good education despite her father dying when she was five.
As a writer she was "adopted" by the Polish-Russian journalist Osip Senkovsky who replied favourably to an unpublished translation that she sent him in 1842. Akhmatova saw him as a father figure who guided her writing career. She moved to St Petersburg in 1848 although she had visited there three years earlier. She translated and wrote for Senkovsky's journal Library for Reading. She wrote for other editors including Senkovsky's successor Albert Starchevsky.
In 1856 she created her own publication which was titled Collected Foreign Novels, Novellas and Stories Translated into Russian. This magazine would flourish for twenty years although one source says thirty. There were 344 different issues and it included the work of Charles Dickens, Wilkie Collins, George Sand, Émile Zola and Anthony Trollope. She also created publications for younger readers but these had shorter lives.
She took some criticism that was intended for Senkovsky. Some writers objected to how their work had been edited and Akhmatova's own stories were frequently changed or condensed before publication. Akhmatova's stories are noted for having strong female leads who direct male characters through the narrative.
Akhmatova died in Saint Petersburg.
# Satagay

Satagay (Russian: Сатагай) is the name of several rural localities in the Sakha Republic, Russia:
* Satagay, Amginsky District, Sakha Republic, a selo in Satagaysky Rural Okrug of Amginsky District
* Satagay, Vilyuysky District, Sakha Republic, a selo in Kyrgydaysky Rural Okrug of Vilyuysky District
# Love (2021 film)

Love (Russian: Love, lit. 'Lyubov') is a 2021 Russian romantic comedy-drama film directed by Igor Tverdokhlebov. It was theatrically released in Russia on February 11, 2021 by KaroRental.

## Plot

Various guests come to the Love Hotel, each seeking love, connection, or simply an escape from loneliness. Known as a beautiful and ideal place to spend February 14th, the hotel opens its doors to those looking to make Valentine’s Day special.
Among the guests are former classmates reuniting for the first time in 40 years, rekindling old feelings as they gather in the hotel restaurant. Meanwhile, a jealous husband searches every room on the floor, determined to find his wife, who has mysteriously stopped responding to his calls. Elsewhere, a private detective and his client conduct a covert operation using eavesdropping devices to expose the woman’s unfaithful husband.
A housekeeper, an immigrant from Uzbekistan, faces a difficult choice between love for her boyfriend and a cash offer from his mother to return home. Lastly, a timid student arrives at the hotel hoping to transform himself, only to experience a life-changing encounter with the town’s most talkative escort.

## Cast

* Sergei Svetlakov as Boris
* Timur Batrutdinov as Yury
* Yan Tsapnik as Konstantin
* Kamil Larin as Igor
* Stanislav Yarushin as Anton, a concierge
* Iris Lebedeva as a bride
* Yevgeny Romantsov as a groom
* Natalya Parshenkova as a housemaid
* Sabina Akhmedova as Gulya, a housemaid
* Makar Zaporozhsky as Oleg, a Russian police
* Irina Rozanova as Oleg's mother
* Anatoliy Beliy as Maxim
* Maria Mironova as Olga
* Yuri Stoyanov as Dima
* Yelena Valyushkina as Tanya
* Igor Zolotovitsky as Nikolay
* Alina Alexeeva as Lyuba
* Yekaterina Varnava as Violetta
* Filipp Ershov as Semen
* Ksenia Sobchak as herself
# Middle Town, St Agnes

Middle Town (Cornish: Tregres) is a small settlement on the island of St Agnes. It includes the island's primary school, post office and general store, and the old lighthouse (built 1680).