OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Dominica–Trinidad and Tobago relations

Dominica–Trinidad and Tobago relations refers to the bilateral relations between Dominica and Trinidad and Tobago. The two nations have diplomatic relations through Trinidad and Tobago's consulate in Roseau. Both nations are a member of Organization of American States and CARICOM.

## History

Dominica in 2017 was devastated by Hurricane Maria and Hurricane Irma, with an estimated death toll of 65. The two hurricanes cost Dominica over 900 Million Dollars in damages. In 2018, Dominica requested a waiver on membership fees for OAS, $25,000, due to the damage from the hurricane season of 2017. Trinidad and Tobago's delegation to OAS rejected Dominica's request for a waiver, the only country at OAS to reject it, severely destroying ties between the two island nations.
# Lanthanum(III) chloride

Lanthanum chloride is the inorganic compound with the formula LaCl$_3$. It is a common salt of lanthanum which is mainly used in research. It is a white solid that is highly soluble in water and alcohols.

## Preparation

Anhydrous lanthanum(III) chloride can be produced by the ammonium chloride route. In the first step, lanthanum oxide is heated with ammonium chloride to produce the ammonium salt of the pentachloride:
    La$_2$O$_3$ + 10 NH$_4$Cl → 2 (NH$_4$)$_2$LaCl$_5$ + 6 H$_2$O + 6 NH$_3$
In the second step, the ammonium chloride salt is converted to the trichlorides by heating in a vacuum at 350-400 °C:
    (NH$_4$)$_2$LaCl$_5$ → LaCl$_3$ + 2 HCl + 2 NH$_3$

## Uses

Lanthanum chloride is also used in biochemical research to block the activity of divalent cation channels, mainly calcium channels. Doped with cerium, it is used as a scintillator material.
In organic synthesis, lanthanum trichloride functions as a mild Lewis acid for converting aldehydes to acetals.
The compound has been identified as a catalyst for the high pressure oxidative chlorination of methane to chloromethane with hydrochloric acid and oxygen. In Fluid Catalytic Cracking (FCC), lanthanum chloride enhances catalysts to convert heavy crude into valuable fuels like gasoline and diesel.
Also used in the field of geology as a very dilute solution, which when combined with the proper acids can help identify small >1% Strontium content in powdered rock samples.
Lanthanum chloride also contributes to environmental remediation by promoting- the catalytic transformation of pollutants, such as nitrogen oxides (NOx), volatile organic compounds (VOCs), sulfur dioxide (SO₂), and phosphate ions, into less harmful products. It can also be commercially viable and significantly outperform conventional materials such as ion exchange resins, activated carbons, and iron oxides in water and wastewater treatment, especially for the removal of anionic pollutants.
# Tazraq

Tazraq (Persian: طزرق) may refer to:
* Tazraq, Afghanistan
* Tazraq, Iran
# Where have you been for eight years?

"Where have you been for eight years?", "Where have you been for the last eight years?", or "Why have you been silent during the past eight years?" is a rhetorical question widely used by Russian propaganda in the context of the Russian invasion of Ukraine in support of Russia, mainly pointing out what Ukraine has been doing to the Donbas during the war in Donbas (2014–2022), and that the Russo-Ukrainian War has been ongoing since the 2014 Russian annexation of Crimea. It has been described as Russian pro-war propaganda.

## Phrase variations

* Russian: Где вы были последние восемь лет?, romanized: Gde vy byli posledniye vosem let?, lit. 'Where were you the last eight years?'
* Russian: Почему вы восемь лет молчали?, romanized: Pochemu vy vosem let molchali?, lit. 'Why were you silent for eight years?'
* Ukrainian: Де ви були останні вісім років?, romanized: De vy buly ostanni visim rokiv?, lit. 'Where have you been for the last eight years?'

## Putin's "On conducting a special military operation" speech

Russian president Vladimir Putin's televised address on 24 February 2022 referenced the eight years that had passed since 2014 multiple times.
   For eight years, for eight endless years we have been doing everything possible to settle the situation by peaceful political means. Everything was in vain. ... The purpose of this operation is to protect people who, for eight years now, have been facing humiliation and genocide perpetrated by the Kyiv regime.
Russian nationalists started using this phrase as their response to the "#НетВойне" ("No to war") hashtag, accusing anti-war protesters of having no concern for Russian-speaking people in the Donbas region of Ukraine. Later on, it was promoted by media celebrities within Russia, such as Nikolay Baskov, Tina Kandelaki, Masha Malinovskaya [ru], and Dana Alexandrovna Borisova [ru].
According to social anthropologist Alexandra Arkhipova, this argument is so common in Russian culture because it is much easier to point out the actions of an enemy instead of one's own actions, denying any form of guilt. It is also part of "whataboutism", which was a common tactic in Soviet propaganda, similar to "And you are lynching Negroes".

## Responses

Ukrainian journalist and TV presenter Kateryna Osadcha said that "Russia has been tearing Ukraine apart for eight years".
On 3 March 2022, Pavel Kanygin, a Russian journalist, wrote his responses for the "where have you been for eight years" questions, which also explained more about the separatists in Donbas.

## War in Donbas

More than 3,000 civilians were killed as a result of the war in Donbas (2014–2022), but there is no evidence to support the claim that Ukraine committed the genocide of Russian-speaking people or ethnic Russians in Ukraine. Before Russia began its full-scale invasion of Ukraine in 2022, the intensity of the hostilities in the Donbas had been steadily declining since the signing of the Minsk agreements in February 2015. For example, according to Ukrainian authorities, 50 Ukrainian soldiers were killed in clashes with Donbas separatists in 2020.
# Seyyed Mohammad Molavi

Seyyed Mohammad Molavi (Persian: سید محمد مولوی) is the representative of Abadan in Islamic Consultative Assembly who was elected on 22 February 2020 and also re-elected on 10 May 2024 in the Majles elections.
Among executive records of Seyyed Mohammad Molavi, are: "the deputy governor of Abadan"; a member in a/the commission (of the parliament) and the second deputy chairman of the "Education and Research Commission".
Seyyed Mohammad Molavi participated in the (11th) elections of the parliament of Iran (in February 2020), and was elected as the first representative of Abadan (with 35,005 votes). Seyyed Mohammad was elected beside two other candidates of Abadan, namely: Seyyed Mojtaba Mahfouzi and Jalil Mokhtar.
# Queen Wonjeong

Queen Wonjeong of the Seonsan Kim clan (Korean: 원정왕후 김씨; Hanja: 元貞王后 金氏; d. 23 April 1018) was a Goryeo princess as the older daughter and child of King Seongjong, from Queen Munhwa who became a queen consort through her marriage with her half first cousin once removed, King Hyeonjong as his first and primary wife. From this marriage, Queen Wonjeong became the seventh reigned Goryeo queen who followed her maternal clan after Queen Seonjeong, her stepsister and predecessor.
In 1009, after Kang Cho led a coup to dethroned King Mokjong and appointed Wang Sun as the new king, she then was chosen to be his first wife and Queen consort. During her lifetime, she was called as Princess Yeonheung (연흥궁주; 延興宮主) and Queen Hyeondeok (현덕왕후; 玄德王后) while lived in the "Hyeondeok Palace" (현덕궁; 玄德宮). A year later, when the Khitans invaded, the king moved to the south and she then follow him as well to Naju. After it was retreated, they then returned to the royal palace.
Meanwhile, on 23 April 1018, she died at her own residence ("Hyeondeok Palace") and was buried in "Hwareung Tomb" (화릉; 和陵). She then received her posthumous name of Won-jeong (원정; 元貞) and Ui-hye (의혜; 懿惠) in 1027 (18th year reign of her husband).

## In popular culture

* Portrayed by Park Si-eun and Lee Ra-hye in the 2009 KBS2 TV series Empress Cheonchu
* Portrayed by Lee Si-a in the 2023 KBS2 TV series Korea–Khitan War.
# Roqeh

Roqeh (Persian: رقعه) may refer to:
* Roqeh-ye Kabir
* Roqeh-ye Soghirah
# Legends (Dvořák)

Legends, Op. 59, B. 117 (Czech: Legendy), is a forty-minute group of ten pieces by the Czech composer Antonín Dvořák. They were written in early 1881 for piano duet and reset later that year for a reduced orchestra (B. 122).

## Background

On 15 October 1880, the day before finishing the score of his sixth symphony, Dvořák wrote to his publisher Fritz Simrock about his plans for the near future saying he hoped to finish a piano duet cycle, "Legends," in the next month. He did not, however, begin to sketch the work until 30 January 1881. The definitive shape of the piano version was created from 12 February to 23 March 1881, partly in Prague and partly in Vysoká u Příbrami.
Dvořák dedicated the composition to the critic Eduard Hanslick, who praised the cycle with great enthusiasm. The piano duet version was printed by the German publishing house Simrock in mid-1881. In that same year Dvořák arranged the cycle for orchestra. The orchestration differs in every individual piece. The work was premiered in 1882, at the concert of the Prague Conservatory (Nos. 1, 3, 4), under the baton of Antonín Bennewitz. Three more of the "Legends" (Nos. 2, 5, 6) were premiered at a concert of the Vienna Philharmonic on 26 November 1882, conducted by Wilhelm Jahn.

## Structure

The cycle consists of ten pieces:
* Allegretto non troppo, quasi andantino (in D minor)
* Molto moderato (in G major)
* Allegro giusto (in G minor)
* Molto maestoso (in C major)
* Allegro giusto (in A♭ major)
* Allegro con moto (in C♯ minor)
* Allegretto grazioso (in A major)
* Un poco allegretto (in F major)
* Andante con moto (in D major)
* Andante (in B♭ minor)
The approximate duration is 40 minutes.
Note: No. 7 (Allegretto grazioso, A major) was originally to have been the third piece, but Dvorak shifted it to its ultimate position before publication.
# Queen Wonpyeong

Queen Wonpyeong of the Ansan Kim clan (Korean: 원평왕후 김씨; Hanja: 元平王后 金氏; 1005–?) was the 7th wife of King Hyeonjong of Goryeo and the youngest among his third and fourth wife. As well as the younger sister of Queen Wonhye and Queen Wonseong.
She was born into the Ansan Kim clan as the youngest daughter of Kim Un-bu and Lady Yi, daughter of Yi Ho-gyom (이허겸) from the Gyeongwon Yi clan. Her father, Kim Unbu, was a person who passionately supported Hyeonjong when he fled from the pursuing Khitans, so Hyeonjong reciprocated it by forging ties with the Ansan Kim clan. For this reason, Kim Un-bu's youngest daughter received considerable respect.
In 1022 (13th year of the reign of King Hyeonjong), after the death of her second older sister, Queen Wonseong, Kim entered the palace and became Hyeonjong's seventh wife. They then had a daughter, Princess Hyogyeong (효경공주) in 1026. Although her death date was unknown, it seems that she died around 1028 or before since she received her posthumous name "Wonpyeong" (원평; 元平) in 1028 and buried in Uireung Tomb (의릉; 宜陵).
# People's Museum

People's Museum (Malay: Muzium Rakyat) is a museum in Malacca City, Malacca, Malaysia, which records and preserves the achievements of Malacca in the development sector and officially opened on 15 April 1992 by then Prime Minister Mahathir Mohamad. It is located at the ground floor of the former Historical City of Malacca Municipal Council building, originally constructed in the 1960s and believed to be built on top of the ruins of Dutch building, which also houses the Beauty Museum and Kite Museum at the upper floors.
The museum building is divided into three parts, which focuses on the development carried out for the people's benefit and the success attained by the State of Malacca: the Sports Gallery, Community Gallery and UNESCO section. In front of the building, there is a courtyard in which the transportation area is located and was established in collaboration with Malayan Railway, Royal Malaysian Air Force and West Malaysia Department of Civil Aviation. It formed a part of Taman Bunga Merdeka (Independent Flower Park), formerly known as Coronation Park, which was built by the British in 1953 to memorialise the coronation of Queen Elizabeth II.
The artifacts displayed at the transportation area are:
* A propeller-driven Scottish Aviation Twin Pioneer CC Mk 1 aircraft, the "Lang Rajawali", which was the first aircraft acquired by the Royal Malayan Airforce.
* A diesel locomotive named Sungai Lukut 21111, which was built in Japan in 1965, and an accompanying vintage railway carriage.
* A Nubian Thornycrof model of fire engine mobile.
* A replica bullock cart.

## Gallery

* Transportation area
* Sungai Lukut locomotive
* Lang Rajawali
* Plane undercarriage, with railway carriage beyond
# Fazlollah Mousavi

Sayyid Fazlollah Mousavi (Persian: سید فضل‌الله موسوی) is an Iranian conservative jurist and politician who was the former jurist member of the Guardian Council from 2016 to 2022.
He served as a member of the Parliament of Iran from 2004 to 2008, representing Tehran, Rey, Shemiranat, and Eslamshahr.
# Deh Rash

Deh Rash (Persian: ده رش) may refer to:
* Deh Rash-e Bazan
* Deh Rash-e Nahrab
# Ngoreme language

Ngurimi (Ngoreme) is a Bantu language of Tanzania. Ngoreme is spoken in the Serengeti District of the Mara Region of north-west Tanzania by some 55,000 people. There are two main dialects of Ngoreme - a northern dialect and a southern dialect - which maintain mutual intelligibility.

## Phonology

Ngoreme shares a vowel inventory with the majority of the Mara languages: /i e ɛ a ɔ o u/. However, Ngoreme has an asymmetrical vowel inventory, with 7 phonemic vowels in nouns but only 5 vowels (/i ɛ a ɔ u/) in verbs.

## Nominal system

In common with many Bantu languages, Ngoreme nouns typically consist of a noun stem, a noun class prefix and an augment (or pre-prefix) vowel. Augment vowels are invariable but the vowels that occurs in the noun class prefixes commonly exhibit variant forms as determined by vowel harmony. Ngoreme has 19 noun classes, with the classes 1-10 exhibiting regular singular/plural pairings, class 11 is attested, as is class 12 which contains diminutives, class 14 is also found. Class 15 contains verb nouns (or infinitives), class 16, 17 and 18 are also attested and are the locative classes. Class 19 is the plural diminutive class whilst class 20 is a (singular) augmentative class.
# Queen Yongsin

Queen Yongsin of the Danju Han clan (Korean: 용신왕후 한씨; Hanja: 容信王后 韓氏; d. 1036) or Princess Consort Jeongsin (정신왕비; 定信王妃) was a Korean queen consort as the first wife of Jeongjong of Goryeo.

## Biography
### Biography

The future Queen Yongsin was born as the daughter of Han-Jo (한조) and the younger sister of Han-Gyu (한규), also the older sister of her future husband's second wife, Queen Yongui. Not like the other Goryeo queens, she had no any blood-relation with Jeongjong from their initial family and this marriage was just a noble and royal family.
They were married while Jeongjong was still "Prince Pyeongyang" (평양군; 平壤君) and after his ascension to the throne, she became his queen consort and given royal title as Princess Yeonheung (연흥궁주; 延興宮主).
In 1035, she bore Jeongjong a son named Wang-Hyeong (왕형), which she then honoured as Gracious Consort Han (혜비 한씨; 惠妃 韓氏; Hye-Bi) and Princess Consort Jeongsin (정신왕비; 定信王妃) not long after her first promoted.
Meanwhile, in 1036, the Queen passed away and buried in "Hyeolleung Tomb" (현릉; 玄陵) with received her full Posthumous name in 1048 (2nd year reign of Munjong of Goryeo).

### Posthumous name

* In October 1056 (10th year reign of King Munjong), name Jeong-ui (정의; 定懿) was added.
* In April 1140 (18th year reign of King Injong), name Myeong-dal (명달; 明達) was added.
* In October 1253 (40th year reign of King Gojong), name Hui-mok (희목; 禧穆) was added to her posthumous name too.
# Sebastián Raval

Sebastián Raval (c. 1550 – 1604) was a Spanish composer of vocal and instrumental music. Born in Cartagena, he served as a soldier of the Army of Flanders in Flanders and Sicily. He joined the order of St. John of Jerusalem after being wounded in the siege of Maastricht.
He moved to Italy where he served as a musician in the court of Francesco Maria II della Rovere in Urbino, of the viceroy of Sicily, Bernardino de Cárdenas, and of the cardinals Peretti and Colonna in Rome.
In Rome, he declared himself the "best musician in the world", on account of which he was challenged to a musical contest first by Giovanni Maria Nanino and shortly afterwards by Francesco Soriano. Raval was defeated in both cases.
On 28 April 1595 he succeeded Luis Ruiz as the last Spanish maestro di cappella of the viceroyal chapel of the Spanish viceroys in Palermo.
In Sicily, he again challenged a musician, Achille Falcone, to a contest; it was first decided in Falcone's favour but, after some appeals, in Raval's. After Falcone's death in 1600, Antonio Falcone, father of Achille, published all the process of this musical duel in his Relazione del successo and took Raval and Falcone's pieces (the object of this competition) to print including several canons, madrigals, motets and ricercari. This edition of both Falcone and Raval's pieces is available in a modern edition.
Sebastián Raval died in Palermo in 1604.
In 2004, on the occasion of the 400th anniversary of his death, his birth city, Cartagena, paid homage to him with a concert performed on the viola da gamba by Pere Ros.

## Works

Raval composed religious polyphonic music, madrigals and instrumental ricercari. Raval's oeuvre has not yet been studied in depth. Only a few pieces have been published in modern times; the rest await the musicological research they deserve.
Sacred:
* Motectorum liber primus. 5 vv (Rome 1593)
* Lamentationes Hieremiae Prophetae. 5 vv Rome 1594
* Motecta Selecta organo Accommodata. 3-8 vv. org. (Palermo 1600)
Secular:
* Il Primo Libro de Madrigali. 5vv (Venice 1593)
* Il Pimo Libro di Canzonette. 4 VV (Venice 1593)
* Madrigali 3, 5, 8 vv (Rome 1595)
* Il Primo Libro di Ricercari (Palermo 1596)
* 2 Madrigals in "Infidi Lumi" (Palermo 1603) (lost)

## Editions

* "Achile Falcone-Madrigali, Mottetti e Ricercari" (Includes pieces of Raval). Leo S. Olschki Editore. (Firenze, 2000)
* "Sebastián Raval. 6 Canones (IL Primo Libro di Ricercari. Palermo 1596)" Sociedad Española de Musicología, Madrid 1985.
* "Sebastián Raval. Il Primo Libro di Ricercari a Quatro Voci Cantabili, per liuti, cimbali et viole d'arco. Palermo, 1596." Edited by Andrés Cea Galán. Patrimonio Musical Español, Fundación Caja Madrid (Madrid, 2008).
* "Three ensemble ricercars in four parts from Il primo libro de canzonette, 1593" edited by Milton Swenson.Ottawa: Dovehouse Editions, 1981.

## Recordings

* Da Pacem Domine Motete a 8 voces en dos coros a canon. La Lyra Hispana
# Lee Gi-ho

Lee Gi-ho (Korean: 이기호; 1 October 1945 – 3 August 2022) was a South Korean politician. He served as Minister of Labor from 1997 to 1999.
Lee died on 3 August 2022, at the age of 76.
# Coronation issue

In philately, a Coronation issue is an issue of postage stamps made by the British Post Office and the Post Offices of Commonwealth countries and British dependencies to celebrate the coronation of a new monarch.
These stamps are often considerably more ornate and detailed than definitive issue stamps generated by the same jurisdictions; as such they are greatly favored by many collectors. A particularly favored approach is to attempt to gather all such stamps issued in honor of a particular monarch by all of the jurisdictions issuing them.
As Elizabeth II had been the British monarch for over half a century and hers is to date the last event so commemorated, there are no recent "Coronation issue" stamps as envisioned here. However, other monarchies also issue stamps honouring the accession of a new monarch and these stamps could obviously be defined as "coronation issues" as well.
* Falkland Islands
* New Zealand
* South Africa
* Southern Rhodesia
* Great Britain
* Australia
* Malta
# Anastasia Gromoglasova

Anastasia Gromoglasova (Russian: Анастасия Николаевна Громогласова; born 18 September 1984) is a Russian classical pianist.

## Biography and education

Anastasia Gromoglasova is a Russian pianist and a winner of several international awards.
In 1994 Anastasia joined the Moscow Conservatory where she continued her education attending Elena Kuznetsova's piano solo class, Elena Sorokina's chamber music class and Vazha Tchatchava's accompaniment class. Anastasia Gromoglasova has won several awards and prizes in international contests performing both as a solo and in a piano duo, together with her sister Liubov Gromoglasova. Since 2014 Gromoglasova sisters have regularly been invited to perform at the Festival della Valle d'Itria, Italy.

## Awards
### Piano solo

Anastasia Gromoglasova has received several international prizes:
    In 2007, won her first Piano Competition at the North London Piano Academy.
    In 2010, took part in the International Keyboard Institute and Festival in New York City and won the Dorothy C. McKenzie Award.
    In 2011, won the first prize at the XI Alexander Scriabin International Piano Competition in Paris.
    In 2011, performed as a soloist at the "Rachmaninov hall" of the Moscow Conservatory for the "Yamaha Festival Gradusad Parnassum"
    In 2012, won the first prize at the International Piano Competition in Castellana Grotte, Bari
    In 2013, debut in Bari performing the Piano Concerto No. 23 (Mozart) K.488 with the symphony orchestra of Bari.

### Piano duo

Anastasia Gromoglasova has been performing as a piano duo with her sister Liubov Gromoglasova, also graduated at Moscow Conservatory, receiving the following awards:
    In 2006, 3rd prize in Nikolai Rubinshtein Chamber Music Competition (Moscow)
    In 2007, winner of the London International Music Competition.
    In 2008, 2nd prize and the special prize at the Schostakovitch Chamber Music and Piano Duo Competition (Moscow) becoming grant-aided students of "Russian Performing Art" foundation;
    In 2008, received the diplomas of the 4th International Piano Duos Competition in Bialystok (Poland).
    In 2010, the Piano Duo took part in San Marino “Allegro Vivo” International Competition receiving the final diploma.
    In 2011, 1st prize in Vologda International Piano Duo Competition.
    In 2012, first prize performing as Piano Duo at the International Piano Competition in Castellana Grotte, Bari
Anastasia and Liubov Gromoglasova regularly take part in the abonnement concerts of Moscow Conservatory.

## Repertoire

Her repertoire includes works by Bach, Mozart, Haydn, Mendelssohn, Schubert, Brahms, Chopin, Rachmaninov, Scriabin, Schostakovitch, Debussy, Ravel, Lutoslawsky, Bizet, Prokofiev.
# Andrey Mishkevich

Andrey Alexandrovich Mishkevich (Russian: Андре́й Алекса́ндрович Мишке́вич; born 27 November 1992) is a former Russian professional association football player.

## Club career

He made his Russian Football National League debut for FC Zhemchuzhina-Sochi on 27 October 2010 in a game against FC Volga Nizhny Novgorod.
# Manuel Pla

Manuel Pla i Agustí (c. 1725-1766) was a Spanish (from Catalonia) composer, oboist, and harpsichordist at the court of Madrid. He was the middle of three composer-brothers: his older brother Joan Baptista Pla (1720-1773), settled as an oboist in Lisbon, and his younger brother was Josep (c. 1728 - 1762).

## Works, editions and recordings

* Salve Regina - recording Raquel Andueza, soprano, Pau Bordás, bass, Orquesta Barroca Catalana, dir. Olivia Centurioni, LMG 2011.
* Tonos divinos - Regocíjese el alma venturosa. Es tan sumo el amor de tu grandeza. Tres coronas admite de nuestro celo. etc.