OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Cerca de Villaño

The Cerca de Villaño (Basque: Villañoko esparrua) is a small exclave belonging to Orduña, itself an exclave of Biscay (a province of the Basque Country, Spain). It is located in Villaño, a hamlet in Valle de Losa, Burgos. Its area and limits aren't known with certainty, and due to its small size and obscurity it isn't shown in most maps.
The early history of the enclave is unclear, but it was part of Orduña by the early sixteenth century. The municipal authorities of Orduña used to visit the exclave regularly until 1951 in order to check the border markers. Around the same time, in 1950, the few inhabitants of the enclave were registered as inhabitants of Valle de Losa, and the exclave fell into obscurity.
In 2015, a member of the Juntas Generales of Biscay requested the Biscayan government to reaffirm the exclave's status as part of Biscay, but his proposal was rejected. In 2022, the municipality of Orduña started the procedures to survey the exclave and include it in its urban planning documentation.
# Welland International Flatwater Centre

The Welland International Flatwater Centre is a current canoeing, kayaking and rowing facility in Welland, Ontario, Canada and was used for the 2013 ICF Junior and U23 Canoe Sprint World Championships and the 2015 Pan American Games. The facility was renovated in 2013, before the U23 championships began.

## Renovations

For the Championships and the Pan American Games, improvements to the venue included widening of the canal to bring the venue up to conditions and meet international standards, and also included the addition of buildings along the course. The facility's improvements cost about $10 million Canadian dollars.
The facility has hosted many competitions in many sports among them canoeing, open water swimming and dragon boat racing. After the games the facility reverted to a public use canal.
The facility was the host site for the 2018 Canoe Polo World Championships.

## In popular culture

The Welland International Flatwater Centre was featured on Season 9, Episode 6 of The Amazing Race Canada. Teams had to row a double scull along a 200-metre (660 ft) course on the Welland Canal within two minutes in order to receive their next clue from local rower, Rhonda Chopin. The episode aired August 15, 2023.
* Welland International Flatwater Centre
* Welland International Flatwater Centre
# Whom Should We Shoot?

Whom Should We Shoot? (Egyptian Arabic: على مَن نطلق الرَصاص؟, translit.`Alā mann Notlīq Ar-rasās, IPA [ʕælɑ: mʌn nʊtˤlq ərəsˤʌs]) is a 1975 Egyptian drama film directed by Kamal El Sheikh. The film was listed in the CIFF Top 100 Egyptian films and was also selected as the Egyptian entry for the Best Foreign Language Film at the 49th Academy Awards, but was not accepted as a nominée.

## Cast

* Soad Hosny
* Mahmoud Yassine
* Magda Wahba
* Gamil Ratib
* Ezzat El Alaili
* Ahmed Tawfik
# Strathgryffe

55°52′41″N 4°34′26″W﻿ / ﻿55.878°N 4.574°W﻿ / 55.878; -4.574
Strathgryffe or Gryffe Valley (Scottish Gaelic: Srath Ghriobhaidh) is the strath of River Gryffe, which lies within the historic county of Renfrewshire in the west central Lowlands of Scotland.
Strathgryffe also gives its name to a feudal lordship, which covered the western portion of Renfrewshire in the 12th century and formed the nucleus of the county. The land was originally associated with the House of Stewart, who went on to be monarchs of Scotland and later Great Britain.
The settlements of Strathgryffe are divided between the council areas of Inverclyde and Renfrewshire and largely follow the flow of the River Gryffe, from Kilmacolm in the far west to where the river meets the Black Cart Water between Houston and Inchinnan. Other significant settlements include Bridge of Weir, Quarriers Village and Crosslee.

## Name

A Strath is a wide glen. The term is rendered in Scots Gaelic as 'Srath' and in Modern Welsh as 'Ystrad'.
'Stragrif' is mentioned in the 1169 charter of Paisley Abbey, which placed the churches of the area under the control of the new abbey. Later, the name 'Gryff' is recorded in the Military Survey of Scotland 1747–1755, compiled by William Roy, a predecessor to the Ordnance Survey maps of Great Britain.
The 'Gryffe' spelling has gained predominance in the area, seen for example in signposts showing the name of the river and the names of organisations such as the Gryffe Valley Rotary Club and Gryffe High School.

## History

The lands of Strathgryffe were granted by King David I to Walter fitz Alan, first High Steward of Scotland, and founder of the Stewart family in Scotland, probably in the 1150s. The Royal house would continue to hold lands in Renfrewshire, with the heir to the British throne holding the title of Baron Renfrew, and in part forming the principality of Scotland.
In the early 15th century, the area emerged as a county by the name Renfrewshire, owing to the Stewart's base at Renfrew Castle. Initially the chief magistrate in a county was its sheriff - and later in the 15th century the position of Sheriff of Renfrew was held by the Sempill family - an arrangement that continued until the 17th century.

## Geography

The geography of the area is a contrasting mix of green fields surrounding the river, with rough moorland in the higher areas, particularly Clyde Muirshiel Regional Park.

### Settlements

There are a number of villages in Strathgryffe, varying considerably in size. The following straddle or are immediately adjacent to the River Gryffe:
* Kilmacolm
* Quarrier's Village (Kilmacolm civil parish)
* Bridge of Weir
* Houston (including Craigends on the South-east bank of the river)
* Crosslee (Houston and Killellan civil parish)
# Garhi Khairo

Garhi Khairo (Sindhi: ڳڙھي خيرو) is a town of Jacobabad District in the Sindh Province of Pakistan.
# Laluk

Laluk (Persian: للوك) may refer to:
* Laluk, Babol
* Laluk, Savadkuh
* Laluk,Assam, India
# Age of Renaissance

Age of Renaissance is a board game designed by Don Greenwood and Jared Scarborough and published by Avalon Hill in 1996. The game is for 3-6 players and the box claims that the game should take 2–6 hours to play, though as with any serious multiplayer strategy game, this can entirely depend on the players. Age of Renaissance is set in the European Renaissance historical era and is somewhat of a sequel to Civilization. In 1997, Age of Renaissance won the Origins Award for Best Pre-20th Century Board Game of 1996.

## Game play

In Age of Renaissance, each player takes the role of one of six commercial capitals of Europe: Venice, Genoa, Barcelona, London, Paris, and Hamburg. Initially each player controls one city, their capital. As the game progresses, each player's financial empire grows to a larger number of cities which provide income each turn. Each region where a city can be established also produces one of a number of different commodities: stone, wool, timber, grain, wine, cloth, metal, fur, silk, spice, gold, or ivory. Control of commodities doesn't do anything alone, but when a commodity card is played, every player with stakes in that commodity cashes in. Commodities and income from cities provide players with their two main sources of income. Players then use that money to buy counters to expand their empire, and to buy civilization advances that have various effects on the game.
There is a deck of cards that players draw from. Once the deck is depleted, a new batch of cards (and some of the used cards) are shuffled in and the game progresses to the second epoch. Once the deck is depleted again, more new cards (and again some of the used cards) are shuffled to form a new deck for the third epoch. Once the deck is depleted a third time, the game ends and the player with the highest score wins. Score is determined by adding up the values of a player's advances and cash, less a penalty for the "misery" of their people. The rules also suggest shorter versions of the game that end after either one or two epochs.
The game has many complexities and interesting rules that add to the gameplay. For instance, each player secretly bids for the number of units they want to control in a given turn. The player with the fewest units goes first, and the player with the most goes last. However, the rules for combat give a significant advantage in effectiveness to the players going early in a turn rather than later, leaving players with an interesting choice. Another noteworthy rule is the requirement that all diplomacy take place in the open at the table, thus not allowing any secret deals to be made and speeding up the game's pace slightly.
Strategically, it is critical in a game of Age of Renaissance to recognize the player in the lead. There are many cards that can significantly hurt a specific player, and these are best used to keep the leader(s) in check lest they run away with the game.

## Reviews

* "Backstab Magazine (French) Issue 02". Backstab (in French). March–April 1997. Retrieved July 13, 2022.
* Casus Belli #101
# Altaf Mazid

Altaf Mazid Rija (c. 1957 – 13 April 2016), known professionally as Altaf Mazid, was an Indian documentary filmmaker and critic in the Assamese cinema. He also worked as a film producer and director in Jollywood. His last documentary was Sabin Alun (The Broken Song) that revolves around Karbi people. He was later appointed as a jury of film festivals, including 10th International Documentary Film Festival Amsterdam and the 9th Dubai International Film Festival among others.
He was born around 1957 in Guwahati, India. He served as an executive engineer in Assam at the Department of Public Health Engineering. He had one daughter. His wife, Dr Zabeen Ahmed, is the former Librarian of Cotton University, Assam.

## Career

Before his debut in filmmaking career, he initially worked as a film critic in Assamese cinema. He also served as a jury of various film festivals such as 1992 International Film Festival of India, 1997 Yamagata International Documentary Film Festival, 7th Bengaluru International Film Festival and 2015 International Film Festival of Kerala. Later, he was appointed as a jury-member by the International Federation of Film Critics in 2014 at Moscow International Film Festival. Prior to this, he served jury of Cannes Film Festival. In 1999, he was appointed by the International Film Festival of India as a member of the selection committee.
He screened digital version of Joymoti, the first Assamese film and presented it at film festivals, including Seventh Asiatica Film Mediale at Rome Film Festival.

## Filmography

| # | Title | Year | Type/Credited as |
| 1 | Byoktigata Aru Goponio | 1992 | — |
| 2 | Jibon | 1998 | — |
| 3 | Lakhtokiat Golam | 2001 | — |
| 4 | Our Common Future | 2002 | — |
| 5 | The Joy of Giving | 2004 | — |
| 6 | Las Vegasat | 2004 | — |
| 7 | Bhal Khabar | 2005 | — |
| 8 | Crazy on the Rocks | 2007 | — |
| 9 | Kunir Kutil Dosha | 2008 | — |
| 10 | Boliya Pitair Sohoki Sotal | 2008 | — |
| 11 | Chitra Sutram | 2010 | — |
| 12 | Rahashyar Bitchaku | — | — |
| 13 | Kunir Kutil Dosha | — | Director |
| 14 | Boliya Pitaier Sohoki Sootal | 2009 | Director |
| 15 | Sabin Alun (The Broken Song) | 2016 | Director |

## Awards and nominations

| Year | Nominated work | Award | Category | Result |
| 2000 | Jibon (1998) | Pyongyang International Film Festival | Best Director | Won |
| 2008 | Bollywood Melodies | National Film Awards | Best Film Critic | Won |
| 2008 | Boliya Pitaier Sohoki Sootal | National Film Awards | Best Anthropological/Ethnographic Film | Won |

## Death

Altaf Mazid died of myocardial infarction on 13 April 2016 in Bengaluru, India.
# Ülemistejärve

Ülemistejärve is a subdistrict (Estonian: asum) in the district of Kesklinn (Midtown), Tallinn, the capital of Estonia. It is named after Ülemiste Lake.
# Saint Petersburg International Commercial Bank

The Saint Petersburg International Commercial Bank (Russian: Санкт-Петербургский международный коммерческий банк) was a major bank in the Russian Empire, founded in 1869 in Saint Petersburg. By the start of the 20th century it was Russia's second private-sector bank by assets, behind the Volga-Kama Commercial Bank,$^{:43}$ and by 1914 it still held that rank behind the Russo-Asiatic Bank.$^{:722}$ In late 1917 following the Russian Revolution, like all other commercial banks in Russia, it was absorbed into the State Bank with no compensation to its shareholders.

## Overview

The bank's charter was approved by Alexander II on 9 June 1869. The bank's fixed capital was initially determined at 5 million rubles and was distributed into 20 thousand shares of 250 rubles each. It was initially backed by German investors, especially the Berlin-based Disconto-Gesellschaft.
In 1896, the International Commercial Bank became the largest shareholder of the newly established Russo-Chinese Bank, with 15.3 percent of the initial capital. It had close links with Russia's military-industrial complex and controlled over 50 companies in 1914, including rail carriers, industrial enterprises, and insurance companies.
The bank was initially located at 6, Angliyskaya Embankment. In 1898, the bank moved to a new purpose-built head office at 58 Nevsky Prospekt on a design by architect Stanislas A. Brzhozovsky [ru]. The latter property was expanded in 1912 with an additional building facing Ekaterininskaya Street.
* The bank's head office Saint Petersburg head office in 1915
* Former branch building [ru] in Moscow, Ilyinka 9
* Former building in Kharkiv, Constitution Square 22
# Choi Ji-ho

Choi Ji-ho (born November 25, 1980) is a South Korean actor and model. He began his entertainment career in 2003 as part of Model Line's stable, walking the runways for Gucci, Armani, Nike, EXR, Lacoste, Dolce & Gabbana, as well as Korean designers Lee Ju-young, Choi Chang-ho and Noh Seung-eun. Choi then made his acting debut in 2007, and has since starred in stage musicals such as Finding Kim Jong-wook and Thrill Me, and the films Antique (2008) and Troubleshooter (2010).

## Filmography
### Film

| Year | Title | Role |
| 2008 | Antique | Nam Soo-yeong |
| 2010 | Troubleshooter | Eun Wang-jae |
| 2010 | Finding Mr. Destiny | Kim Jong-wook the soccer player (cameo) |
| 2013 | Man on the Edge | Wang Dae-sik |
| 2015 | Collective Invention | Chairman's assistant |
| 2017 | The Bros | Dispatch police (cameo) |

### Television series

| Year | Title | Role |
| 2007 | Ugly Miss Young-ae 1 | Ji-ho |
| 2007 | Time Between Dog and Wolf | "Giraffe" |
| 2014 | Inspiring Generation | Aka |
| 2014 | Flower Grandpa Investigation Unit | Kang So-ri's manager (cameo, episode 6) |
| 2014 | Gunman in Joseon | Murderer |
| 2015 | The Great Wives | Charles Jung |
| 2022 | Alchemy of Souls | Gil-ju |

### Variety show

| Year | Title | Notes |
| 2006 | I Am a Model: Men | Cast member |
| 2007 | Hip Up Boys - Season 2 | Cast member |

### Music video

| Year | Song title | Artist |
| 2008 | "Running" | Jung Jae-hyung |
| 2009 | "Restriction" | Fly to the Sky |

## Theater

| Year | Title | Role | Reprised |
| 2009 | Singles | Su-heon | |
| 2009-2010 | Finding Kim Jong-wook | Kim Jong-wook/First Love | 2011-2012 |
| 2010 | Thrill Me | Richard Loeb | |
| 2011-2012 | A Dramatic Night | Jung-hoon | |
| 2014-2015 | The Days | Dae-sik | |

## Awards and nominations

| Year | Award | Category | Nominated work | Result |
| 2007 | 2nd Korea Model Association Awards | Best Model | — | Won |
# Toše Proeski Music School

The Music School (Macedonian: Музичко Училиште – Битола, Muzičko Učilište – Bitola) is a state school that is located in Bitola, North Macedonia. Home to a population of over 1500 students, it is one of the most popular schools for music in the former Yugoslavia and Balkans. It provides a full education which includes solfege, music theory, and music history. It has produced some of the best-known musicians in the country such as Toše Proeski, Marijan Stojanovski, Lambe Alabakoski, Tanja Tzarovska, Karolina Gočeva, Dimitar Andonovski and Hristijan Spirovski.

## History of the school

This school was founded in 1947 and was located in the Radio Bitola building. There was much interest in this school during that time. There were three music degrees in the school: piano, theoretical and strings. The school was then called "Nizo Muzicko Uciliste-Bitola" or "Primary School for Music Education." In the school at that time, Kire Kostov and Slave Dimitrov were students. In 1980 the school name was changed to today's name and the location is near Marshal Tito Street in the centre of the city. The school carries approximately 1800 students, all from South Macedonia. A proportion of the school's enrollment comes from a further field; either to participate in special programs like theory degree, instrument degree or solo singer degree. Each of these degrees have many teachers and examiners at the end of every year. For example if you are in the piano degree then you will study Piano, Chamber Music, Sight reading, Solfege, Theory and English. If you are a solo singer, the preference is to learn the Italian Language and Solfege, respectively.
The school received a donation from the American government and constructed all buildings, especially at the Primary school for music.

## School structure

The school is constructed to educate students from Year 1 to Year 4. Each year the students have different teachers and subjects. It has four class coordinators, a director and a pedagogue.

## Admission

Students are of both genders and any sexuality, ethnicity, socio-economic status, age, geographic location or ability. This Centre selects the students in this way:
* Location
The school has no preference for where students physically reside, so long as they attend their classes.

## Notable alumni

* Nataša Stojanovska, pianist
* Marina Stojanovska, pianist
* Kire Kostov, composer
* Slave Dimitrov, singer and composer
* Tode Novačevski, composer
* Todor Svetiev, pianist
* Vladimir Kostov, violinist
* Marija Vrskova, pianist
# Maya Meschkuleit

Maya Meschkuleit (born July 28, 2001) is an Olympian and National Team Rower from Canada. She rowed for the Don Rowing Club and for Yale University. She was selected for the 2024 Rowing Eight Team to represent Canada at the 2024 Summer Olympics, where she won a silver medal.
# Pestovsky (inhabited locality)

Pestovsky (Russian: Пестовский; masculine), Pestovskaya (Пестовская; feminine), or Pestovskoye (Пестовское; neuter) is the name of several rural localities in Russia:
* Pestovsky (rural locality), a settlement in Kondukovskaya Rural Administration of Uzlovsky District of Tula Oblast
* Pestovskaya, Kirov Oblast, a village in Griboshinsky Rural Okrug of Luzsky District of Kirov Oblast
* Pestovskaya, Moscow Oblast, a village in Dmitrovskoye Rural Settlement of Shatursky District of Moscow Oblast
# List of Sanskrit universities in India

The Sanskrit Universities are specialized universities that aim to promote and spread sanskrit education, shastraic education and related research.
The following is a list of at least 18 Sanskrit universities in India (3 central, 1 deemed and 14 state universities) which are only focused on Sanskrit revival and Sanskrit studies along with related disciplines like Ayurveda.
| Year Est. | Name, place | District | State | Type | Notes |
| 1791 | Sampurnanand Sanskrit Vishwavidyalaya (former Government Sanskrit College) | Varanasi | Uttar Pradesh | University | (during Governor General Cornwallis) |
| 1821 | Poona Sanskrit College (Deccan College) | Pune | Maharashtra | Deemed University | (during Governor General Francis Hastings) |
| 1824 | The Sanskrit College and University | Kolkata | West Bengal | University | (during Governor General Amherst) |
| 1961 | Kameshwar Singh Darbhanga Sanskrit University | Darbhanga | Bihar | University |
| 1962 | National Sanskrit University | Tirupati | Andhra Pradesh | Central University |
| 1962 | Shri Lal Bahadur Shastri National Sanskrit University | New Delhi | Delhi | Central University |
| 1970 | Central Sanskrit University | New Delhi | Delhi | Central University |
| 1981 | Shree Jagannath Sanskrit University | Puri | Odisha | University |
| 1993 | Sree Sankaracharya University of Sanskrit, Kalady | Kochi | Kerala | University |
| 1997 | Kavikulaguru Kalidas Sanskrit University, Ramtek | Nagpur | Maharashtra | University |
| 2001 | Jagadguru Ramanandacharya Rajasthan Sanskrit University | Jaipur | Rajasthan | University |
| 2005 | Uttarakhand Sanskrit University | Haridwar | Uttarakhand | University |
| 2005 | Shree Somnath Sanskrit University, Veraval | Veraval | Gujarat | University |
| 2006 | Sri Venkateswara Vedic University, Tirumala | Tirupati | Andhra Pradesh | University |
| 2008 | Maharshi Panini Sanskrit Evam Vedic Vishwavidyalaya | Ujjain | Madhya Pradesh | University |
| 2011 | Karnataka Samskrit University | Bengaluru | Karnataka | University |
| 2011 | Kumar Bhaskar Varma Sanskrit and Ancient Studies University | Nalbari | Assam | University |
| 2018 | Maharishi Valmiki Sanskrit University | Kaithal | Haryana | University |
| 2016 | Chinmaya Vishwavidyapeeth | Kochi | Kerala | Deemed University |
| 1918 | Faculty of Sanskrit Vidya Dharma Vigyan, Banaras Hindu University | Varanasi | UP | School |
# W. B. Makuloluwa

William Bandara Makuloluwa (Sinhala: ඩබ්ලිව්. බී. මකුලොලුව), (17 February 1922 – 8 September 1984), popularly as W. B. Makuloluwa, was a folk music composer, promoter and director of theater and film in Sri Lanka. Considered as a legend in Sri Lankan folk music history, Makuloluwa is the pioneer to introduce "Jane Gee" folk music in popular culture. He was also a talented speaker, scholar, Kathakali and Manipuri dancer as well as a songwriter.

## Personal life

Makuloluwa was born on 17 February 1922 in Idamegama village, Harispattuwa, Kandy. He completed primary education from Idamegama Primary College and later entered Sri Rahula College, Kandy and Ananda College, Colombo for secondary education. Makuloluwa studied traditional dance under the guidance of Rangama Gunamaala, J.C. Maalagammana and Tittawela Gunayaa.
His son Kosala Makuloluwa is a creative director in Swarnavahini, who made the popular programs Ganga Dige and Salang Hanthe.

## Career

He studied drama and music from Shanti Niketan in India under the maestro Rabindranath Tagore. He also studied esraj and sitar in Shanti Niketan. After completing education in India, he started to work as an English teacher at Sri Rahula College, Kandy. Later he became a Music Inspector in the Ministry of Education, as its Chief Director and Chief Director. He also served as the Creative Director of the Ministry of Culture and the Arts.
He believed Sinhalese music should follow the traditions of its folk music called "Jana Gee". Makuloluwa gathered a numerous Sinhalese folk poems by traveling around the country and tried to develop a unique style. While serving at Sri Palee College, Horana, he made a great contribution to music and produced famous students including Lionel Ranwala and W.D. Amaradeva. In 1946, he produced the drama Ohoma Hindada?.
Makuloluwa composed Sri Lanka's first musical symphonies such as Goyam Da magula, Maara Parajaya, Hira Geyin Marumuwata and Mahabinishkramanaya. He was the music director in critically acclaimed film Arunata Pera. Makuloluwa also produced ballet creations such as Pahanin Pahana and Tharanaya. He is the first principal at Teachers' College of Aesthetic Education Giragama, Pilimathalawa. Makuloluwa streamlined the folk music section of the school curriculum and categorized the folk songs and dot system.
He published several drama and folk music related books including Hela Gee Maga (1962), Gemi Geeya and Abhinawa Mulika Geetha. His book Hela Gee Maga includes theories on folk music and musical notes of several rural folk songs. In the book Abhinawa Mulika Geetha, Makuloluwa used Sinhala vocabulary for Hindustani songs to learn the music of Ragadhari.
Makuloluwa hosted many local concerts and various concerts abroad including folk musical concerts such as Nonimida Magula, Maara Parajaya, Sirageyin Marumuwata, Depano and Aesi Disi.