OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Sandakan Peninsula

The Sandakan Peninsula (Malay: Semenanjung Sandakan) is a peninsula in Sandakan District, Sabah, Malaysia. It consists of broad coastal and forested areas.

## Geology

The tectonic of the peninsula started from Oligocene to Early Miocene, followed by deformation from Early Miocene to Middle Miocene that resulted in the opening of Sulu Sea and widening of Sandakan Basin. The rifting stopped in Late Miocene to early Pliocene which caused a major uplift around the Sandakan Peninsula with heavy erosion. The Upper Miocene formation dominates the eastern area of the peninsula with two main lithologies of sandstone and mudstone.

## Climate and biodiversity

The western part of the peninsula received mean annual rainfall ranging from 3,000 millimetres to 3,500 millimetres while the eastern part including Sandakan town received between 2,500 millimetres to 3,000 millimetres. In the peninsula located the Kabili-Sepilok Forest Reserve which is a type of lowlands of eastern Sabah with over 90 species of mammals and 200 species of birds have been recorded inhabiting the area.
# Huib Emmer

Huib Emmer (born 6 September 1951 in Utrecht) is a Dutch composer. He also plays electric guitar and electric bass guitar.
He performed at the Claxon Sound Festival -for improvised music (1984) in the Netherlands, and featured in The Best of the Claxon Festival (1984) voor VPRO-tv (1984) with the Huib Emmer Quinet Skid with Willem van der Ham (sax) Peter van Bergen (sax), Gerard Bouwhuis (keyboard) Hans van der Meer (drums) From 1976 to 1986 Emmer was a member of the Dutch minimal ensemble Hoketus and he has performed since 1988 in the ensemble LOOS. Since 1992 he has also composed for electronic media, often in combination with projected video or film.
# Mahdiyeh

Mahdiyeh or Mehdiyeh (Persian: مهديه) may refer to:
* Mehdiyeh, Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari
* Mahdiyeh, Fars
* Mahdiyeh, Ilam
* Mahdiyeh, Chadegan, Isfahan Province
* Mehdiyeh, Kerman
* Mahdiyeh, Khuzestan
* Mehdiyeh, South Khorasan
# Huldreich Georg Früh

Huldreich Georg Früh (15 June 1903 – 25 April 1945) was a Swiss composer.
# Gozuiyeh

Gozuiyeh or Gazuiyeh or Gazooeyeh or Gazuyeh (Persian: گزوييه) may refer to:
* Gazuiyeh, Bardsir
* Gazuiyeh, Shahr-e Babak
* Gazuiyeh, Zarand
* Gazuiyeh Cheshmeh Khandali
* Gozuiyeh-ye Olya
* Gozuiyeh-ye Sofla
# Muhammadali Azizboev

Muhammadali Azizboev (Tajik: Мухаммадали Азизбоев, born 4 January 2003) is a Tajikistani professional football player for Khosilot Farkhor and the Tajikistan national team.

## Career
### International

Khamrokulov made his senior team debut on 14 June 2023 against Oman, coming on as a 93rd minute substitute for Manuchekhr Dzhalilov.

## Career statistics
### International

    As of match played 8 September 2023
| National team | Year | Apps | Goals |
| Tajikistan | 2023 | 2 | 0 |
| Total | Total | 2 | 0 |

## Honours
### International
#### Tajikistan

* Merdeka Tournament: 2023
# Paul Doornbusch

Paul Doornbusch (born 1959, Melbourne) is an Australian composer and musician. He is the author of a book documenting the first computer music, made with the CSIRAC.
Doornbusch spent several years at RMIT University in Melbourne, and later taught at the New Zealand School of Music. He now lives in the Melbourne area.
Doornbusch is known for researching the origins of computer music in Australia and has written a book on the subject. The book was reviewed by James Harley in Computer Music Journal in Fall 2006. Harley's review recognized Doornbusch as having "dedication", "thoroughness", "determination", and being "admirable". It also called The Music of CSIRAC "an important, crucial addition to the body of references documenting our field."
The biography accompanying his Corrosion CD states that "his compositional concerns involve new forms for music appropriate for contemporary culture.... He works mostly as an algorithmic composer, but occasionally in recent years he has engaged in peripheral areas such as the Place-Hampi project with Jeffrey Shaw. As an algorithmic composer, Doornbusch has identified and examined in detail the mapping stage of the process where structural data becomes musical parameters." Corrosion was reviewed by Richard Barrett in Computer Music Journal in Fall 2006. His review stated that "There are not so many composers at work, even in the 21st century [...] whose commitment to the technical possibilities afforded by contemporary technology is so closely matched by a compulsion to exploit to the full the expressive potential unleashed thereby."

## Recordings

* Corrosion CD of the works of Paul Doornbusch, 2002 (EMF 043)
* The Frog Peak Collaboration Project 1998 (USA)

## List of works

* Continuity 1W (2007), electronics.
* Lorenz (2005), piano.
* Continuity3 (2000), percussion and electronics.
* Continuity 2 (1999), bass recorder quartet and electronics.
* Dialogus (2000), electronics.
* ACT 5 (1998), for amplified bassoon and hanging percussion.
* G4 (1997), for electronics.
* MFPG (1994), for electronics.
* Strepidus Somnus (1997), for 4 voices and electronics.
* Assifxiation (1997) amplified flute and electronics.
* On The Fence (1997) for medium ensemble and electronics.
* Structured Luck (1996), for amplified bassoon and electronics.
* Iceberg (1995) for electronics.
* Preludes (1994) for 4 voices.
* M1 (1995) for soloist and electronics.
* M2 (1995) for soloist and electronics.

## Books

* Doornbusch, Paul (2005). The Music of CSIRAC, Australia's first computer music. Common Ground. ISBN 1-86335-569-3.
# Spodaryushino

Spodaryushino (Russian: Сподарюшино) is a rural locality (a village) in Mokroorlovskoye Selsoviet of Grayvoronsky District, in Belgorod Oblast, Russia. Population: 96 (2010 Census); 141 (2002 Census);
# Mario Bertoncini

Mario Bertoncini (27 September 1932, in Rome – 19 January 2019, in Siena) was an Italian composer, pianist, and music educator. In 1962 he was awarded the Nicola d'Atri Prize by the Accademia Nazionale di Santa Cecilia for his Sei Pezzi per orchestra and in 1965 he was awarded both the Gaudeamus International Composers Award and the Fondation européenne de la Culture prize for Quodlibet. He has performed as a concert pianist with symphony orchestras throughout Europe and North America and in Israel and Korea.

## Life and career

Born in Rome, Bertoncini studied music composition with Goffredo Petrassi, piano with Rodolfo Caporali, and electronic music with Gottfried Michael Koenig. He began his career as a concert pianist in Europe in 1956. For several decades he performed widely as both a recitalist and orchestral soloist; appearing under the batons of such conductors as Bruno Maderna, Daniele Paris, Mario Rossi, Paul Hupperts, and Roelof Krol among others. He was a member of the Rome-based improvisation group Gruppo di Improvvisazione di Nuova Consonanza from 1965 to 1973; notably serving as the group's president from 1970 to 1972.
In 1967 Bertoncini was appointed to the music faculty of the Pesaro Conservatory, where he remained through 1973. In 1974 he was made an Artist-in-Residence at the German Academic Exchange Service in Berlin where he created open air kinetic sound-sculptures for presentation at the Berliner Festwochen. In 1975-1976 he worked on the music faculty of McGill University in Montréal. From 1980 until his retirement in 2004 he taught on the music faculty of the Berlin University of the Arts. His final home was in Cetona, Italy.
# Ernesto Drangosch

Ernesto Drangosch (22 January 1882, in Buenos Aires – 26 June 1925) was an Argentine pianist and composer. He was a student of Alberto Williams.
He was born Ernst Otto Paul Richard Drangosch in Buenos Aires to German immigrant parents. His parents were Friederich Carl Drangosch and Augusta Emilia Inés Schneider, from Berlin. He was the professor of Carlo Vidussi, who later on was Maurizio Pollini's teacher. Another pupil was Silvia Eisenstein.

## Works, editions, recordings

* Criolla overture 1920
* Sechs lieder op.4
* Fier lieder op.9
* Drei Lieder - Trois mélodies op.19
# Al Khazaiah

Al Khazaiah or Al-Ghazalah (Arabic: الغزالة) is one of the governorates in Ha'il Region, Saudi Arabia.
# Sihamir Osmanov

Sihamir Osmanov (Macedonian: Шихамир Османов; born May 25, 1975, in Makhachkala, Russian SFSR) is a retired amateur Macedonian freestyle wrestler, who competed in the men's middleweight category. He finished fifth in the 74-kg division at the 2003 World Wrestling Championships in New York City, New York, United States, and later represented the Republic of Macedonia at the 2004 Summer Olympics. Osmanov also trained full-time as a member of the wrestling squad for Varda Makedonia Sports Club in Skopje under his personal coach and 2000 Olympian Nasir Gadzhikhanov.
Osmanov qualified for his naturalized Macedonian squad in the men's 74 kg class at the 2004 Summer Olympics in Athens by receiving a berth and rounding out the fifth spot from the World Championships. He lost his opening match 1–3 to neighboring Bulgaria's Nikolay Paslar, and could not attain a single point to overwhelm Poland's Krystian Brzozowski by a 4–0 deficit, leaving him on the bottom of the prelim pool and placing seventeenth in the final standings.
# Kalegah

Kalegah or Kalegeh (Persian: كالگه) may refer to:
* Kalegah, Ilam
* Kalegah, Kermanshah
* Kalegah-e Zaman, Kermanshah Province
# Franco Vittadini

Franco Vittadini (9 April 1884 in Pavia – 30 November 1948 in Pavia) was an Italian composer and conductor. As a composer he is mostly known for his operas and sacred music.
Born in Pavia, he began his musical studies in 1903 at the Milan Conservatory, but left prematurely because of a disagreement with the director, Giuseppe Gallignani. For a short period he was maestro di cappella and organist in Varese, thereafter spending the rest of his life in Pavia where he was the director of the Istituto Musicale from 1924 until his death.
As a stage composer, Vittadini found his greatest success with the opera Anima allegra (1918 - 1919), performed abroad as well as in Italy. His ballet Vecchia Milano (1928) was also very successful. Vittadini considered his opera Caracciolo (1938) to be his finest work, but his opera Fiammetta e l'avaro (1942 - 1951) was more successful at winning audiences.
Vittadini received attention outside the theater for his religious works. He wrote numerous masses and motets in a style very similar to that of Lorenzo Perosi. His oratorio L'agonia del Redentore (1933) is considered to be one of his finer works, and his religious drama Nazareth (1925) forms a bridge between his achievements within sacred compositions and dramatic works.

## Operas

* Il mare di Tiberiade (1914)
* Anima Allegra (1918–19)
* Nazareth (1925)
* La Sagredo (1930)
* Il natale di Gesù (1933)
* Caracciolo (1938)
* Fiammetta e l'avaro (1942)

## Sources

* Opera Glass
* John C.G. Waterhouse. The New Grove Dictionary of Opera, edited by Stanley Sadie (1992). ISBN 0-333-73432-7 and ISBN 1-56159-228-5
# Richard Rijnvos

Richard Rijnvos (born 16 December 1964, in Tilburg) is a Dutch composer.

## Education and influences

Rijnvos studied composition at the Royal Conservatory of The Hague with Jan van Vlijmen and Brian Ferneyhough. He received a DAAD scholarship and attended a postgraduate course at the Musikhochschule in Freiburg. In 1994 he took part in the International Course for Professional Choreographers and Composers at Bretton Hall (Wakefield, UK).
Contacts with Morton Feldman and John Cage between 1986 and 1992 were a major influence on his development. Rijnvos has also been influenced by the works of artists outside of music such as William S. Burroughs, Samuel Beckett, Joseph Beuys and Italo Calvino.

## Compositions

Rijnvos has written for solo instrumentalists, small ensembles, symphony and chamber orchestra.
He has written several cycles, such as Block Beuys (1995–2000), based on the collection of works by Joseph Beuys in the Hessisches Landesmuseum, Darmstadt, and the prize-winning three-part NYConcerto (2004–2006).
Commissioned by the Netherlands Radio 4, he wrote Riflesso sull'acqua for cor anglais and orchestra, premiered in 2008.
Richard Rijnvos has received commissions from the Royal Concertgebouw Orchestra and Ensemble Intercontemporain.
In 2008, he was a featured composer at November Music, Holland's annual contemporary music festival.

## Awards

In 2000 Rijnvos was awarded the Matthijs Vermeulen Award for Times Square Dance.
In August 2008 he was awarded the Buma Toonzetters Prize for NYConcerto.

## Other activities

Between October 2009 and 2016 Rijnvos was Head of Composition in the Department of Music at the University of Durham; in 2014, he was appointed Chair of Composition at the same institution, and continues to serve in that role. He is also chairman of the Union of Composers in the Netherlands, and artistic advisor of the Ives Ensemble, of which he was managing director between 1991 and 2000.

## Note

The article incorporates material translated from the Dutch Wikipedia as of December 2009.
# Ildar Badrutdinov

Ildar Badrutdinov (Russian: Ильдар Бадрутдинов; born 12 January 2000) is a Kazakhstani freestyle skier. He competed in the 2018 Winter Olympics.
# Sayed Rahmatullah Hashemi

Sayed Rahmatullah Hashemi (Pashto: سيد رحمت الله هاشمى) is a former envoy of the Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan. He later attended Yale University as a non-degree student, but his application to the bachelor degree program was rejected after condemnation from American conservatives.

## Early life

Rahmatullah was born in 1978 in Afghanistan, to Pashtun parents. In mid 1980s, his family moved to Pakistan. Rahmatullah grew up in Pakistan and was educated in the Pakistani school system. His schooling was fragmented, but he did emerge proficient in English as well as Pashto, Persian, and Urdu.
In 1994, Rahmatullah worked as a computer operator and translator at the zonal sub-office of Afghanistan's Ministry of Foreign Affairs in Kandahar. He was appointed to the position of diplomat in the Afghan Embassy in Islamabad, Pakistan in 1998. In this capacity, he traveled around the world as an envoy of the Afghan Foreign Ministry of the Taliban regime. When top Taliban leaders were banned from foreign travel, Rahmatullah acted as representative of the regime on foreign visits.

## Yale attendance controversy

In 2004, an American friend, Mike Hoover—a CBS cameraman who had sponsored his 2001 trip—suggested applying to college in the US. In 2005, Rahmatullah was admitted to Yale as a non degree student. In 2006, conservative sentiment arose opposing Rahmatullah studying at Yale University and questioning outright his presence in the United States.
As of April 2006, Yale has published the following comment on its website:
    Yale has allowed Mr. Hashemi to take courses for college credit in a part-time program that does not award Yale degrees... We hope that his courses help him understand the broader context for the conflicts around the world... According to the State Department, Ramatullah Hashemi was issued U.S. visas in 2004 and 2005, first on a tourist visa and then in 2005 on a student visa. The mandatory procedures were followed, which, in his case, included vetting through an interagency security clearance process. He was cleared by all agencies."
A recent non-scientific poll conducted by the Yale Herald—a student-run weekly newspaper—which was answered by 2,000 undergrads, concluded that 50% of Yale supported Hashmi's acceptance and about 25% opposed it.
In July 2006, Rahmatullah was denied admission to the Eli Whitney Students Program, Yale's degree-granting program for non-traditional students.
# Bombus consobrinus

Bombus consobrinus is a species of bumblebee found in northern Europe, Siberia, Kamchatka, Mongolia, Northeast China, Korea, and Japan. It is associated with taiga.

## Description

The bumblebee is large, with the thorax and anterior part of the abdomen coloured orange, followed by a black band. The tip of the abdomen is grey.

## Behaviour

This bumblebee, like Bombus (Megabombus) gerstaeckeri, feeds almost entirely on the flowers of monkshood (Aconitum). However, this tight relationship holds only in northern Europe (with Aconitum septentrionale); further east it can be found in areas without Aconitum.
# Robert Davidson (composer)

Robert Davidson is an Australian composer and lecturer in music at the University of Queensland.

## Education

He holds a Bachelor of Music from the University of Queensland (UQ), a Graduate Diploma in Music from Griffith University, and a PhD from the University of Queensland. He studied composition with Terry Riley in 1995 following studies with Philip Bračanin at UQ.

## Musical career

He was a bassist in the Opera Australia, Sydney Symphony and Queensland Symphony orchestras.
Since 1997, Davidson has directed the post-classical quintet Topology, with whom he plays double bass and occasionally sings. He is co-artistic direction of the organisation.
Davidson's works focus on relationships between speech and music, often including video elements. His works have been commissioned and performed by numerous international artists, such as the Brodsky Quartet, Australian String Quartet, Karin Schaupp, Southern Cross Soloists, Paul Dresher Ensemble (San Francisco), and Newspeak (New York). He has also collaborated with Kate Miller-Heidke, Megan Washington, Katie Noonan, TaikOz and Trichotomy.
Some of his most well-known works using speech and music include "Not Now, Not Ever!" for choir with then prime minister of Australia Julia Gillard's 2012 Misogyny Speech, and "Big Decisions", which tells of the Whitlam dismissal.

## Academic career

As of 2022, Davidson is a senior lecturer in composition at UQ. He is also described as a UQ expert in speech intonation, music and language, popular music, contemporary art music, cross-genre music, and music performance. His research interests include the use of artificial intelligence in music.

## Recognition

Davidson was a finalist in the Art Music Awards in 2013 (Instrumental Work of the Year) and 2019 (Vocal/Choral Work of the Year).
# Endrick Water

The Endrick Water or River Endrick (Scottish Gaelic: Eunarag) is a river which flows into the eastern end of Loch Lomond, Scotland.
Its drainage basin covers a large part of the west of Stirling District. The Burnfoot Burn rising on the southern slopes of the Gargunnock Hills and the Backside Burn rising on the eastern slopes of the Fintry Hills combine to form the Endrick Water which flows south before turning sharply westwards at the foot of the western dam of Carron Valley Reservoir. The river flows through Strathendrick, the village of Fintry and past Balfron and Drymen before entering Loch Lomond.
56°04′18″N 4°31′33″W﻿ / ﻿56.07162°N 4.52590°W﻿ / 56.07162; -4.52590
# Anna Zharova

Anna Alexandrovna Zharova (Russian: Анна Александровна Жарова) is a Russian ballet dancer, prima ballerina of the Novosibirsk Opera and Ballet Theatre, Merited Artist of the Russian Federation (2004), People's Artist of Russia (2013).

## Biography

Anna Zharova was born in Novosibirsk. In 1997, she graduated from the Novosibirsk State Choreographic School (class of Merited Artist of the Russian Federation Tatyana Kapustina). In the same year, the ballerina was accepted into the troupe of the Novosibirsk Opera and Ballet Theatre.
In 2013, the dancer opened her own Zhar-Ptitsa Ballet School in Novosibirsk.
In 2017, she was invited to dictate the Total Dictation at the Arnold Katz Concert Hall.

## Family

The ballerina has two daughters, Masha and Nastya. The husband of Anna also works in the theatre.

## Awards

* 2001 – Laureate of the IX International Competition of Ballet Dancers and Choreographers (Duets Nomination)
* 2002 – Winner of the Golden Mask Award (Special Jury Prize for the performance of the role of Swanilda in Coppélia by Léo Delibes)
* 2003 – Diploma of the Golden Mask Award for performance of the role of Kitri in Don Quixote by Ludwig Minkus (Ballet/Modern Dance/Female Role Nomination)
* 2004 – Meritied Artist of the Russian Federation
* 2009 – Diploma of the Golden Mask Award (Soloist, Who Cares? by George Gershwin; The Best Female Role in Ballet/Modern Dance)
* 2010 – Laureate of the Balerina Prize of the Igor Zelensky Ballet Support and Development Fund
* 2011 – Laureate of the Soul of Dance Award of the Balet Magazine (The Star Nomination)
* 2012 – Diploma of the Golden Mask Award for performance of the role of Carmen in the ballet by Roland Petit
* 2013 – People's Artist of the Russian Federation
# Party of Bread Eaters

The Party of Bread Eaters (Lithuanian: Duonos valgytojų partija), also known as the Upcoming Lithuanian Branch of the World Eater Movement (Lithuanian: Pasaulinio valgytojų judėjimo būsimasis Lietuvos skyrius) was an unregistered frivolous political party in Lithuania which existed in 1993. It was established by Remigijus Vilkaitis, who stood in the 1993 Lithuanian presidential election before withdrawing and endorsing Stasys Lozoraitis Jr.

## History

Vilkaitis announced his intention to run in the 1993 presidential election on 12 January 1993, the last day before the registration deadline. He claimed that he was a member of the "upcoming Lithuanian branch of the World Eater Movement" since birth, and that it is an unregistered, but an active organization which "seeks recognition by the United Nations".
The campaign and the party were endorsed and supported by the satirical newspaper Pirmadienis. His campaign team included satirical writer and poet Juozas Erlickas, chief editor of Pirmadienis Linas Virginijus Medelis and actor Vladimiras Jefremovas. The "Rumors" section of Pirmadienis claimed that Vilkaitis was endorsed by Ronald Reagan, Madonna and coal miners in Donetsk, and that 50 women in Vilnius chose to name their newborns "Remigijus Vilkaitis".
On 20 January 1993, Vilkaitis withdrew from the election. The party ceased existing. It has since been mocked as an example of frivolous parties which existed early in Lithuanian politics after the collapse of the Soviet Union.

## Program

Vilkaitis and the Bread Eaters Party had a satirical political program. It described its political positions as "radical bottom". It proposed unification with an island nation in the Caribbean Sea to turn Lithuania into the world's longest country and bring prosperity by exporting straw hats to the tropical regions. Vilkaitis claimed that his first internal policy moves would be to purchase a place in Žvėrynas and a new car.
One of the campaign's focuses was the lack of hot tap water in the country, with the slogan "Vilkaitis fulfills his promise - there will be hot water! Turn on the tap - maybe it's already flowing." (Lithuanian: R. Vilkaitis vykdo pažadą. Karšto vandens bus! Atsisukite čiaupus - gal jau bėga.)