OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Kayumarth III

Kayumarth III (Persian: کیومرث), was the fifth ruler of the Paduspanid branch of Kojur. He was the son and successor of Ka'us III.

## Biography

During the reign of Kayumarth's father, Ka'us III, the latter had Kayumarth imprisoned for unknown reasons. After eighteen years, Kayumarth managed to flee from prison, and had his father poisoned. Kayumarth's uncle, Bisotun ibn Ashraf, with the support of the Paduspanid noblemen, then ascended the Paduspanid throne. However, the people of Mazandaran quickly rose in revolt against him, and had him deposed in favor of Kayumarth. During Kayumarth's reign, his daughter married the Marashiyan Mir Qewam al-Din Marashi. Kayumarth died in 1555, and was succeeded by his brother Jahangir II.

## Sources

* Madelung, W. (2010). "BADUSPANIDS". Encyclopaedia Iranica, Online Edition. Retrieved 20 January 2014.
* Madelung, W. (1975). "The Minor Dynasties of Northern Iran". In Frye, R.N. (ed.). The Cambridge History of Iran, Volume 4: From the Arab Invasion to the Saljuqs. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. pp. 198–249. ISBN 978-0-521-20093-6.
* Frye, R.N. (1975). "The Saljuq and Mongol periods". In Frye, R.N. (ed.). The Cambridge History of Iran, Volume 5: The Iranian world. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. pp. 1–659. ISBN 0-521-20093-8.
* This biography of an Iranian ruler or member of a royal family is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
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| Preceded byKa'us III | Paduspanid ruler 1543–1555 | Succeeded byJahangir II |
# Peter J. Schwendinger

Peter J. Schwendinger (born 27 April 1959 in Dornbirn, Austria) is an Austrian arachnologist.
He graduated from Innsbruck University in 1985, and in 1990 with a PhD, where he studied with Konrad Thaler. He was a lecturer at Innsbruck University, from 1989 to 1999. He taught at Chiang Mai University from 1996 to 1997. He is a curator at the Natural History Museum of Geneva. He is an editor of the journal Zootaxa.

## Works

* Peter J. Schwendinger and Jochen Martens, Schwendinger, Peter J.; Martens, Jochen (2002). "Penis Morphology in Oncopodidae (Opiliones, Laniatores): Evolutionary Trends and Relationships". Journal of Arachnology. 30 (2): 425–434. doi:10.1636/0161-8202(2002)030[0425:PMIOOL]2.0.CO;2. JSTOR 3706287. S2CID 52215721. Retrieved 2023-08-25., Proceedings of the 15th International Congress of Arachnology
# Richard Schwarz

Richard Schwarz (January 8, 1890 – January 20, 1942) was a track and field athlete who competed for the Russian Empire in the 1912 Summer Olympics. He was born in Pavlovsk, Russian Empire. In 1912, he was eliminated in the first round of the 100 metres competition.
# Abraham Ellstein

Abraham "Abe" Ellstein (Yiddish: אַבֿרהם עלשטײן, Avrom Elshtayn, July 7, 1907 – March 22, 1963) was an American composer, bandleader and recording artist in the Yiddish theatre and Yiddish popular music milieu. Along with Sholom Secunda, Joseph Rumshinsky, and Alexander Olshanetsky, Ellstein was one of the "big four" composers of his era in New York City's Yiddish Theater District scene. His musical Yidl Mitn Fidl became one of the greatest hits of Yiddish-language cinema.

## Life and career

He was born on the Lower East Side, Manhattan, at that time an Eastern European Jewish immigrant area. His musical education began at the Third Street Music School Settlement. From the age of nine to thirteen, he studied piano with Frederick Jacobi. He was the conductor of the boy's choir of the Broadway production Richard III, at only thirteen years old. He went on to study at the Graduate School of Juilliard, training as a conductor, with a major in composition.
Ellstein's only opera, The Golem, had its world premiere at the New York City Opera under the baton of music director Julius Rudel on March 23, 1962. The libretto was created by the composer and his wife, Sylvia Regan, based on the mythical Golem tale of the Central European Jews.

## Works

* Der berditshever khosn (The Bridegroom from Berditchev: by Israel Rosenberg, 1930, operetta)
** Zog Es Mir Nokh Amol (Tell Me Again); lyrics: Jacob Jacobs
* Eyns un a rekhts (One in a Million: by Anschel Schorr, 1934: musical comedy)
** Oygn (Eyes); lyrics: Molly Picon
* Yidl Mitn Fidl (Joseph Green or Josef Grünberg, 1936, romantic musical comedy film)
** Oy Mame, Bin Ikh Farlibt (Oh, Mama, I am in Love)
* Mamele: Kid Mother (by Edmund Zayenda, 1938, Poland: Yiddish film)
** Abi Gezunt (So Long As You're Healthy); lyrics: Molly Picon
** Ikh Zing (For You I Sing); lyrics: Molly Picon
** Mazl (Good Fortune); lyrics: Molly Picon
* Bublitshki (Little Bagels: 1938, operetta)
** Der Alter Tsigayner (The Old Gypsy); lyrics: Jacob Jacobs
* Der Nayer Sher (The New Sher, 1940)
* Ikh bin farlibt (I'm in Love: by William Siegel, 1946: romantic musical comedy)
** Ikh Vil Es Hern Nokh Amol (I Want to Hear it Again); lyrics: Molly Picon
* A Heymisher Bulgar (1947)
* Great to Be Alive! (1950), musical comedy on Broadway
* Vos Iz Gevorn Fun Mayn Shtetele? (Whatever Became of My Shtetl?: by Menashe Skulnik, 1970s, operetta); lyrics: Isidore Lillian
* "Hassidic Dance"
# SCID

SCID may stand for:

## Computing

* Shane's Chess Information Database, a chess database to maintain, view and replay chess games
* Source Code in Database, program source code stored in a database with structural relations reflecting the language syntax and program structure
* Synchronous optical networking, carrier identification

## Health

* Severe combined immunodeficiency, a genetic disorder in which the immune system fails to develop
** Severe combined immunodeficiency (non-human), a variation in nonhumans
* Structured Clinical Interview for DSM
* SCI/D, referring to spinal cord injury and spinal cord disorder

## Other

* Doctor of Science (Sci.D)
# Dihydronicotinamide mononucleotide

NMNH (Dihydronicotinamide mononucleotide), also known as reduced nicotinamide mononucleotide. Both NMNH and NMN increase NAD+ levels in the body. NAD+ is a universal coenzyme that plays vital roles in nearly all living organisms functioning in various biological processes such as metabolism, cell signaling, gene regulation, and DNA repair.

## NAD+ precursors

The members of the NAD+ precursor family include tryptophan (Trp), nicotinic acid (NA), nicotinamide (NAM), nicotinamide ribose (NR), nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN), reduced nicotinamide ribose (NRH) and reduced nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMNH) of these, the majority are logically vitamin B substances or their congeners Based on the bioavailability of its precursors, there are three pathways for the synthesis of NAD+ in cells.
* De Novo Biosynthesis Pathway: Convert NAD+ from tryptophan through the kynurenine pathway.
* Preiss-Handler Pathway: These include nicotinamide nucleotide transhydrogenase, which synthesizes NAD+ from nicotinic acid (NA).
* Salvage Pathway: biotransforms NAM, NR, and NMN into NAD+.

## Toxicity

A group of researchers from Tsinghua University considered the effect of NMNH on C57BL/6J male mice when they injected the animal with 50, 100, 500, or 1000 mg/kg NMNH intraperitoneally every other day for a week. This research indicates that serum levels of ALT and AST were not high thus leading to no evidence showing that NMNH is toxic to the liver when taken in higher dosages.

## Assessment

There is no public information on whether NMNH occurs naturally in plants and animals, although traces of NMNH may be present in the human body.

## Uses

NMNH can act as a potent NAD+ enhancer, potentially leading to a new generation of highly efficient NAD+-boosting molecules that could overcome the limitations of current NAD+ enhancers. [18] NMNH protects tubular epithelial cells against hypoxia/reoxygenation injury by enhancing repair.

## Absorption and metabolism

NMNH has proven to be a more effective NAD+ enhancer than NMN, achieving a 5-fold increase in NAD+ levels and sustaining elevated levels for six hours while maintaining high levels for up to 24 hours. NMNH treatment leads to a similar trend in NAD+ and NADH biosynthesis as NMN treatment, implying a shared pathway. However, NMNH was shown to inhibit the endogenous synthesis of NMN by blocking the action of nicotinamide phosphoribosyl transferase (NAMPT) This inhibition suggests that NMNH may be more effective than NMN in directly stimulating NAD+ production.
# Zaneylan

Zaneylan (Persian: زنيلان) may refer to:
* Zaneylan-e Olya
* Zaneylan-e Sofla
# Slovak Technical Museum

The Slovak Technical Museum (Slovak: Slovenské technické múzeum, STM) is a major Slovak technology museum, based in the eastern Slovak city of Košice, with branches throughout Slovakia. It was established in 1947 and opened to the public in 1948, under the name Technical Museum (Technické múzeum). The museum was renamed to its current name in 1983. Its main exhibits and headquarters are located in the northern part of Košice's Main Street (Hlavná ulica), in the historical public building known as Kapitánsky palác (The Captain Palace).

## Museums

The main museum in Košice's historical centre has collections and exhibits that focus on the history of industrial and technological topics such as mining, metallurgy, artistic crafts, physics, chemistry, steam engines, electrical engineering, energy production, typewriters, phonographs and other sound recording devices, telephones, radiotelegraphy and radios. The museum also includes a planetarium and exhibits related to astronomy and space research.
The museum's branches throughout Slovakia are as follows:
* Museum of Aviation in Košice (opened 2002)
* Museum of Transport in Bratislava (opened 1999, specialises in road and rail transport)
* Museum of J.M. Petzval in Spišská Belá (opened 1964, focused on optics and photography)
* Manor house in Budimír (opened 1990, focused on historical clocks)
* Museum of cinematography of the Schuster family in Medzev
* Foundry in Medzev (opened 1967)
* Solivar near Prešov (opened 2001, focused on salt mining technology for boiling and pumping of salt)
* Blacksmith's workshop in Moldava nad Bodvou
* Smelter in Vlachovo
# Philippe Ziade (journalist)

Philippe Ziade (1909 in Ghosta, Mount Lebanon - June 2005) was a pioneer Lebanese journalist.

## Life

Ziade attended the 'Ain Warqa school; he was one of the first journalists in French-mandated Greater Lebanon. He founded the 'National News Agency' or NNA (الوكالة الوطنية للانباء), the first national news agency in Lebanon in the 1920s and contributed for more than half a century to more than 30 daily newspapers in the Lebanese press among which An-Nahar, Le Jour, L'Orient, Le Soir, Al-Hayat, and As-Siyassah. Ziade's office was in the Grand Serail, the current headquarters of the Prime Minister of Lebanon.

## Awards

He is the recipient of numerous national decorations including the 1958 Honorary Lebanese Golden Medal of Merit, bestowed to him by president Camille Chamoun. In 2003 he was awarded the medal of the Lebanese Press Syndicate and the Lebanese Order of Journalists, and upon his death in 2005 the National Order of the Cedar (Officer), bestowed by president Emile Lahoud).
# Karl Svensson

Karl Wilhelm Svensson (Swedish pronunciation:; born 21 March 1984) is a Swedish former professional footballer who played as a centre-back for Jönköpings Södra, IFK Göteborg, Rangers, and Caen. He won one cap for the Sweden national team and represented his country at the 2006 FIFA World Cup.

## Club career
### Early career

Karl Svensson started off his professional career with his boyhood club Jönköpings Södra, and signed with the IFK Göteborg ahead of the 2003 Allsvenskan season. He was a part of the IFK Göteborg team that reached the 2004 Svenska Cupen final, but ultimately lost 3–1 to Djurgårdens IF. Svensson was sent off in the final after picking up two yellow cards.

### Rangers

Svensson signed with the Scottish Glasgow-side Rangers on 26 May 2006 for an undisclosed fee on a three–year contract. The fee was reported to have been in the region of £600,000. He made his Rangers debut in the first match of the Scottish Premier League that season, a 2–1 victory away against Motherwell. He made a total of 27 Scottish Premier League appearances during his time with the Rangers, but rarely played from February 2007 and onward.

### Caen

On 27 June 2007, Svensson signed a three–year contract with French side Caen, newly promoted to Ligue 1. His time in France was plagued with injuries and little playing time.

### Return to Sweden

On 19 January 2009, Svensson signed a four–year contract with his former club IFK Göteborg. On 23 December 2011, he signed a three-year contract with his hometown club Jönköpings Södra IF in the Swedish second division, Superettan. Svensson retired from professional football after the 2014 Superettan season.

## International career

After having represented the Sweden national U17, U19, and U21 teams, Svensson made his first and only full international appearance for the Sweden national team in January 2006 against Saudi Arabia. He was a part of Sweden's 2006 FIFA World Cup squad, but did not play.
# France in the Eurovision Young Dancers

France has participated in the Eurovision Young Dancers 7 times since its debut in 1985. France has hosted the contest twice, in 1989 and 1999.

## Participation overview

Table key :
| 1 | Winner |
| 2 | Second place |
| 3 | Third place |
| Year | Entrant | Final | Semi |
| 1985 | Christine Landault and Stephane Elizabe | - | No semi finals |
| 1987 | Marie-Soizic Cabié | - | No semi finals |
| 1989 | Agnès Letestu | 1 | - |
| 1991 | Emmanuel Thibault | 2 | - |
| 1993 | Raphaëlle Delaunay-Belleville | 3 | - |
| 1995 | Karl Paquette | - | - |
| 1997 | Did not participate | Did not participate | Did not participate |
| 1999 | Emmanuel Eggermont and Juliette Roudet | - | - |
| 2001 to 2017 | Did not participate | Did not participate | Did not participate |

## Hostings

| Year | Location | Venues | Presenter(s) |
| 1989 | Paris | Palais des congrès | Zizi Jeanmaire and Alain Duault |
| 1999 | Lyon | Opéra de Lyon | Alex Taylor |
# Markazul Maarif

Markazul Ma'arif (Hindi: मरकज़-उल-मआरिफ़), is a Voluntary Social-welfare Non-Government Organisation in India. The organisation strives to work for the upliftment of economically and educationally backward segment of society. Since its inception Markazul Ma’arif has been uninterruptedly materializing various schemes and plans in different fields. Markaz has already carved a niche for itself in the heart of people with its wide network of activities throughout the country. Markazul Ma’arif plays an active role in relief and rehabilitation operation for victims of natural calamities. It caters to the need of the people irrespective of their caste, creed and religion by providing them with food, clothing and medicine. The organization is registered under Society Registration Act XXI of 1860, Reg. No. 187/83-84 (XXI of the SR Act of 1860).

## Activities

Markazul Ma'arif is running several school and scholarship endowment in Hojai and Nagaon District. Some of them are
* English Medium Schools - More than 40 Nos.
* Industrial Training Centre - 01 Nos
* Krishi Vikas Kendra under Agriculture Department - 01 Nos
* Merit Scholarships
* Medical and Marriage Aid
* Emergency Relief and Rehabilitation
* Computer and Vocational Training Centres - 19 Nos.
* Health Care and Sanitation Schemes
* Drinking Water supply schemes
* Social Forestry and Environment Promotion schemes
* Monthly aid to Poor, Widows and Differently able persons.
# Salar, Uzbekistan

Salar (Uzbek: Salor) is a town in Tashkent Region, Uzbekistan. It is part of Qibray District. The town population in 1989 was 25,521 people.
The town is home to the Inter Rohat brewery.
# Tomini language

Tomini proper, or Tialo, is an Austronesian language of the Celebic branch spoken in Central Sulawesi, Indonesia. Tialo speakers live along the coast of the Tomini Bay between Tingkulang (Tomini) and Moutong.
# Azad Bonni

Azad Bonni is a Canadian and American neuroscientist of Kurdish origin. The focus of his research is to understand the mechanisms of neuronal connectivity in the brain. From October 2012 until June 30, 2019, he was the Edison Professor of Neuroscience and Chairman of the Department of Neuroscience at Washington University School of Medicine. As of July 1, 2019, he is SVP and head of neuroscience and rare diseases research and early development at Roche in Basel, Switzerland.

## Biography and research

Bonni grew up in Kurdistan. In 1976, he emigrated with his family to Canada. He completed secondary school at W. D. Lowe High School in Windsor, Ontario, in 1980. He enrolled at Queen's University in Kingston, Ontario, where he earned his medical degree in 1986. He specialized in neurology at McGill University and became chief neurology resident at the Montreal Neurological Institute in 1990. He earned his PhD in neuroscience at Harvard University in 1996. Bonni did his Ph.D. and postdoctoral studies in the laboratory of Michael Greenberg between 1992 and 1999, where he discovered signaling mechanisms by which neurotrophic factors, including ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF) and neurotrophins, induce transcription and cell differentiation and survival in the nervous system.
He launched his own laboratory in the Department of Pathology at Harvard Medical School in 1999. Bonni moved to the Department of Neurobiology at Harvard Medical School in 2011. His laboratory has made seminal contributions to the study of cell-intrinsic transcriptional and ubiquitin pathways that regulate neuronal connectivity in the developing brain. In 2012, Bonni was named the Edison Professor of Neuroscience and Chairman of the Department of Neuroscience at Washington University in St. Louis.
He was elected to the National Academy of Medicine in 2018.
# Lillienhoff Palace

59°18′55″N 18°04′20″E﻿ / ﻿59.31528°N 18.07222°E﻿ / 59.31528; 18.07222
The Lillienhoff Palace (Swedish Lillienhoffska palatset) is a building located on a corner of the large square Medborgarplatsen in southcentral Stockholm, Sweden. The property is owned and managed by municipally owned AB Stadsholmen.

## History

It was built in 1668–1670 by merchant Joachim Pötter (1630–1676), who was ennobled in 1668 under the surname of Lillienhoff, based upon blueprints were by architect Johan Tobias Albinus (ca 1635-1679). Lillienhoff was one of the larger shipowners in Stockholm. He was also a co-stakeholder in several of companies and was also a partner in the Swedish East India Company. After the death of Lillienhoff in 1676, his widow Petronella Lohe remained in the main building until her death in 1694.
The facades are decorated with motifs from Dutch baroque, as was common in Stockholm's palace architecture in the middle of the 17th century. The palace originally had a garden to the west toward a lake that was there then called Fatburen. The current roof design is from 1786. Some interiors have been maintained intact.
The palace was purchased by Great Britain in 1723 to serve as its embassy in Sweden and has thus also been called the English Building. After that usage, it served as the poor house for Catherine's Parish until 1888, and was bought by the City of Stockholm in 1900. In the 1950s-1960s the Druvan restaurant at the palace was popular, and since 1993 a large restaurant called Snaps takes up the ground floor, an enclosed subterranean courtyard to the west and (summers) also a sizable patio on the square. There are offices and residential apartments in the rest of the building. Starting in the early 1970s, there have also been popular discothèques in an underground lounge.
# Lipovljani railway station

Lipovljani railway station (Croatian: Željeznička stanica Lipovljani) is a railway station on Dugo Selo–Novska railway in Croatia. Located in Lipovljani. Railroad continued to Banova Jaruga in one and the other direction to Novska. Lipovljani railway station consists of 4 railway track.
# Sokoch (river)

The Sokoch (Russian: Сокоч) is a river in the western Kamchatka Peninsula, Russia, a right tributary of the Plotnikova.

## Course

The Sokoch, including its main branch the Right Sokoch, is 22 kilometres (14 mi) long, and drains an area of 99.5 square kilometres (38.4 sq mi). It has one tributary, the Left Sokoch, which joins it 9 kilometres (5.6 mi) from its mouth. The right branch of the river flows from the Bolshoi (Large) Sokoch lake, while the left branch flows from the southeastern spurs of the 1,247 metres (4,091 ft) Sokoch Hill. Lake Sokoch is in what was a proglacial basin between two terminal moraines from the Last Glacial Maximum. Analysis of pollen from the lake sediments over the last 9600 years shows alternating warmer periods of forest cover and cooler periods of shubrlands, tundra and bogs.
The Sokoch enters the Plotnikova from the right at 108 kilometres (67 mi) from the Plotnikova's mouth. The village of Sokoch is the administrative center of the Nachikinskoe rural settlement. It was formed in 1947 as a settlement under the Nachikinsky state farm on the Plotnikova River opposite the mouth of the Sokoch River, and named after the river in 1959.

## Fish

The Sokoch is known for its sockeye salmon, which spawn in the upper river above the Sokoch Lake, and in the springs that the upper river and the lake, and in the Little Sokosh Lake upstream from the main lake. Lakeshore spawning is important in the Kamchatka Peninsula, but the Bolhsaya River system has relatively few lakes. Nachikinsky Lake is important, as is the Sokoch lake area.
# Dinacoma

Dinacoma is a small genus of beetles in the scarab family (Scarabaeidae).

## Species

* D. caseyi Blaisdell, 1930
* D. marginata (Casey, 1887)
* D. sanfelipe Gillett, Osborne, Reil, & Rubinoff, 2020
In 2006, entomologists indicated that there were two apparently new species or subspecies of Dinacoma, collected respectively from near the city of Hemet, California, and in the northwest portion of Joshua Tree National Park, California, at Covington Flats. As of 2022, these specimens of Dinacoma have not been formally described in the scientific literature, but expert evaluation places them in the Dinacoma marginata species group. La Rue (2006, p. 2) stated that Dinacoma caseyi is the most morphologically divergent and distinct species in the genus. The new specimens collected from the Hemet area are paler than Casey's June beetle specimens and possess morphologically different genitalia. Furthermore, the Little San Bernardino Mountains geographically isolate the new Dinacoma Joshua Tree population from all other known Dinacoma species.
# Malysheva

Malysheva (Russian: Малышева) is the name of several inhabited localities in Russia.

## Modern localities

* Malysheva, Kurgan Oblast, a selo in Bakharevsky Selsoviet of Kargapolsky District of Kurgan Oblast
* Malysheva, Sverdlovsk Oblast, a work settlement under the administrative jurisdiction of the Town of Asbest in Sverdlovsk Oblast

## Renamed localities

* Malysheva, until April 2013, name of the selo of Malyshevo in Malyshevsky Selsoviet of Almenevsky District of Kurgan Oblast