OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Poshtkuh

Poshtkuh or Posht-e Kuh or Posht Kuh or Posht Kooh (Persian: پشتكوه) may refer to:
* Poshtkuh, Fars
* Posht-e Kuh, Hormozgan
* Poshtkuh-e Abdan, Hormozgan Province
* Poshtkuh-e Chakuy, Hormozgan Province
* Poshtkuh, Anbarabad, Kerman Province
* Poshtkuh, Rafsanjan, Kerman Province
* Posht Kuh, Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad
* Poshtkuh, Markazi
* Poshtkuh District, in Fars Province
* Poshtkuh-e Mugui Rural District, in Isfahan Province
* Poshtkuh-e Shamil (Persian: پشتکوه شمیل), a region in. .bandar abbas county ,
Hormozgan province Iran.
in
hormozgan province
# Sévérac

Sévérac (French pronunciation: ; Breton: Severeg) is a commune in the Loire-Atlantique department in western France.
# Puise Peninsula

Puise Peninsula (Estonian: Puise poolsaar) is a peninsula in Lääne County, Estonia. Southern part of the peninsula is bordered by Matsalu Bay.
The length of the peninsula is about 8 km.
The peninsula is part of Matsalu National Park.
# Zhambyl Zhabayuly

Zhambyl Zhabaev (Kazakh: Жамбыл Жабайұлы; 28 February 1846 — 22 June 1945) was a Soviet and Kazakh traditional folksinger (Kazakh: akyn).

## Life

According to a family legend, his mother, Uldan, gave birth to him near Mt. Zhambyl, close to the headwaters of the Chu River while fleeing an attack on her village. His father, Dzhabay, then named his son after the mountain.
As a boy, Zhambyl learned how to play the dombra and at age 14, left his home to become an aqyn. He learned the art of improvisation from the aqyn Suyunbai Aronuly. Zhambyl sang exclusively in the Kazakh language.
Many patriotic, pro-revolution and pro-Stalin poems and songs were attributed to Zhambyl in the 1930s and were widely circulated in the Soviet Union.
Jambyl Jabayev died on 22 June 1945, at age 99. He was buried in Alma-Ata in a garden which he cultivated with his own hands.
The Kazakh city of Taraz was named after Zhambyl from 1938 to 1997. Jambyl Region, in which Taraz is located, still bears his name.

## Authorship controversy

It has been claimed that the authors of Zhambyl's published poems were actually Russian poets, who were officially credited as "translators."
Poet Andrey Aldan-Semenov claimed that he was the "creator" of Zhambyl, when in 1934, he was given the task by the Communist Party to find an aqyn. Aldan-Semenov found Zhambyl on the recommendation of the collective farm chairman, the only criterion of choice was that the aqyn be poor and have many children and grandchildren. After Aldan-Semenov's arrest, other "translators" wrote Zhambyl's poems.
In a different account, according to the Kazakh journalist Erbol Kurnmanbaev, Zhambyl was an aqyn of his clan, but until 1936 was relatively unknown. In that year, a young talented poet Abilda Tazhibaev "discovered" Zhambyl. He was directed to do this by the First Secretary of the Communist Party of Kazakhstan, Levon Mirzoyan, who wanted to find an aqyn similar to Suleyman Stalsky, the Dagestani poet. Tazhibaev then published the poem "My Country", under Jambyl's name. It was translated into Russian by the poet Pavel Kuznetsov, published in the newspaper "Pravda" and was a success. After that, a group of his "secretaries" - the young Kazakh poets worked under Jambyl's name. In 1941-1943, they were joined by the Russian poet Mark Tarlovsky.
* USSR stamp (1971) commemorating the 125th anniversary of the birth of Zhambyl Zhabayaev
* Kazakhstan stamp (1996)

## Films

* 1953 — «Джамбул» (Jambyl) film director Efim Dzigan.
* 1994 — «Жамбыл: Адамзатың ұлы жыршысы» (Jambyl: The Great Singer of Mankind) documentary film director Kalila Umarov.
* 2021 - The filming of a new film titled “Zhambyl. A New Era” has started in Kazakhstan. The historical film is being made in honor of the 175th anniversary of the Kazakh poet.
# Ata language (Negros)

Ata is a nearly extinct Philippine Negrito language spoken in Negros Island in the Visayas region of the Philippines.
As of 2013, Ata was reportedly spoken by no more than three or four elderly individuals in northern Negros Island, Philippines, although two of those died in 2021.
# Batak language (Philippines)

Batak is an Austronesian language spoken by the Batak people on Palawan Island in the Philippines. It is sometimes disambiguated from the Batak languages as Palawan Batak.
Batak is spoken in the communities of Babuyan, Maoyon, Tanabag, Langogan, Tagnipa, Caramay, and Buayan. Surrounding languages include Southern Tagbanwa, Central Tagbanwa, Kuyonon, and Agutaynen.

## Phonology

Consonants :
| | | Labial | Alveolar | Palatal | Velar | Glottal |
| Plosive | voiceless | p | t | | k | ʔ |
| Plosive | voiced | b | d | | ɡ | |
| Nasal | Nasal | m | n | | ŋ | |
| Fricative | Fricative | | s | | | |
| Lateral | Lateral | | l | | | |
| Rhotic | Rhotic | | ɾ~r | | | |
| Approximant | Approximant | w | | j | | |
Vowels :
| | Front | Central | Back |
| Close | i | ɨ | u |
| Open | | a | |

## Pronouns

Personal pronouns :
| | nominative | genitive | genitive | oblique |
| | nominative | enclitic | preposed | oblique |
| 1.sg. | aku | ku | akɨn | kanakɨn |
| 2.sg. | ikaw/ka | mu | imu | kanimu |
| 3.sg. | kanya | ya | kanya | kanya |
| 1.pl.dual | kita/ta | ta | atɨn | kanatɨn |
| 1.pl.incl. | tami | tami | atɨn | kanatɨn |
| 1.pl.excl. | kami | men | amɨn | kanamɨn |
| 2.pl. | kamu | mi | imyu | kanimyu |
| 3.pl. | sira | sira | sira | kanira |
# Terminalia avicennioides

Terminalia avicennioides (Bambara: Wolobugun) is a tree species in the genus Terminalia found in West Africa.
Castalagin and flavogallonic acid dilactone are hydrolysable tannins found in T. avicennoides.
# Talas District, Kyrgyzstan

Talas (Kyrgyz: Талас району, romanized: Talas rayonu) is a district of Talas Region in north-western Kyrgyzstan. Its area is 5,051 square kilometres (1,950 sq mi), and its resident population was 70,642 in 2021. The administrative seat lies at Manas.

## Demographics

Its population, according to the Population and Housing Census of 2009, was 58,867. All of them live in rural areas.

### Ethnic composition

According to the 2009 Census, the ethnic composition of the Talas District (de jure population) was:
| Ethnic group | Population | Proportion of Talas District population |
| Kyrgyzs | 58,867 | 99.3% |
| Russians | 170 | 0.3% |
| other groups | 249 | 0.4% |

## Rural communities and villages

In total, Talas District include 28 settlements in 13 rural communities (ayyl aymagy). Each rural community can consist of one or several villages. The rural communities and settlements in the Talas District are:
* Aral (seat: Aral)
* Aydaraliev (seat: Köpürö-Bazar)
* Bekmoldoev (seat: Sasyk-Bulak; incl. Kara-Oy, Kengesh and Chong-Tokoy)
* Berdike Baatyr (seat: Kum-Aryk; incl. Kozuchak and Arashan)
* Dolon (seat: Tash-Aryk; incl. Ak-Jar and Orto-Aryk)
* Jerge-Tal (seat: Kyzyl-Tuu; incl. Chyyyrchyk and Kök-Kashat)
* Kalba (seat: Kalba; incl. Atay Ogonbaev, Balbal and Besh-Tash)
* Kara-Suu (seat: Kara-Suu)
* Kök-Oy (seat: Kök-Oy)
* Kuugandy (seat: Üch-Emchek)
* Nurjanov (seat: Jon-Aryk; incl. Kök-Tokoy)
* Ömüraliev (seat: Manas; incl. Chat-Bazar)
* Osmonkulov (seat: Taldy-Bulak; incl. Ak-Korgon)
# Pyynikki observation tower

The Pyynikki observation tower (Finnish: Pyynikin näkötorni) is a 26 meter observation tower in Pyynikki, Tampere, Finland. It was completed in 1929 by the design of the city architect Vilho Kolho, and built using local red granite. The tower stands 75 meters above the level of the adjacent lake Pyhäjärvi (152 meters above the sea level) on the ridge crest of the Pyynikki Esker.
The top can be reached by a lift, but walking up the stairs offers various observation windows. The open top offers a clear view of the city of Tampere as well as lake Näsijärvi on the north and lake Pyhäjärvi in the south. Entrance to the park and cafe is free but climbing the tower costs 50 cents for children or 2 euros for adults. The Cafe has its own historic donut recipe which has remained unchanged for 80 years.

## History

Pyynikki has been a park and place of natural beauty since the 1830s and the first cafe within Pyynikki was opened in 1868. The first observation tower was built in 1888 by the design of the architect Georg Schreck, but it was damaged in the 1918 Battle of Tampere. Rebuilding plans started from 1925 and the new tower and cafe was opened in 1929 for the city's 150th anniversary. The opening ceremonies were postponed due to the sinking of the steam ship Kuru which caused the loss of 136 lives.
In the late 1960s and 1970s, the city of Tampere built the modern Näsinneula tower which replaced Pyynikki's role as a tourist attraction aimed at foreign tourists, leaving Pyynikki mostly for local visitors and other Finns and as a hidden gem for foreign tourists.
Pyynikki observation tower is listed as a Cultural environment of national significance by the Finnish National Board of Antiquities.
# Davaoeño language

Davaoeño (Dabawenyo) is a language of the Davao Region of Mindanao in the Philippines. According to Zorc (1977), it is a native Mansakan language influenced by Cebuano and Tagalog. Traditionally, it was the principal language of the Davaoeño people, but it is no longer spoken in Davao City as speakers have shifted to a local dialect of the Cebuano language, called Davaoeño Cebuano (and often just called Davaoeño, Dabawenyo or Bisaya).
The Davaoeño language and Davaoeño Cebuano are also not to be confused with the extinct Davaoeño dialect of the Chavacano language that was once spoken in Davao (known as Chavacano Davaoeño or simply Davaoeño).
# Govrlevo

Govrlevo (Macedonian: Говрлево) is a small village in the municipality of Sopište, North Macedonia. Govrlevo is famous for Adam of Macedonia (or "Adam of Govrlevo"), a Neolithic sculpture found by the archaeologist Milosh Bilbija from the Skopje City Museum, and is more than 6.000 years old.

## Demographics

According to the 2002 census, the village had a total of 30 inhabitants. Ethnic groups in the village include:
* Macedonians 28
* Serbs 2

## Notable people

Blagica Pavlovska, a famous Macedonian folk-singer was born in Govrlevo.
# Lomovoy

Lomovoy (Russian: Ломовой; masculine), Lomovaya (Ломовая; feminine), or Lomovoye (Ломовое; neuter) is the name of several rural localities (settlements, selos, and villages) in Russia:
* Lomovoye, Arkhangelsk Oblast, a settlement in Kholmogorsky Selsoviet of Plesetsky District of Arkhangelsk Oblast
* Lomovoye, Lipetsk Oblast, a selo in Lomovskoy Selsoviet of Chaplyginsky District of Lipetsk Oblast
* Lomovoye, Oryol Oblast, a selo in Lomovsky Selsoviet of Zalegoshchensky District of Oryol Oblast
* Lomovoye, Tver Oblast, a village in Likhoslavlsky District of Tver Oblast
# Kagayanen language

The Kagayanen language is spoken in the province of Palawan in the Philippines. It belongs to the Manobo subgroup of the Austronesian language family and is the only member of this subgroup that is not spoken on Mindanao or nearby islands.

## Distribution

Kagayanen is spoken in the following areas:
* Palawan Province: Cagayancillo Island between Negros and Palawan
* Palawan coastal communities
* southern Palawan: Balabac Island
* northern Palawan: Busuanga and Coron
* other areas around the Philippines: Iloilo Province; Silay, Negros; Manila; Quezon and Rizal areas

## Phonology

[h] occurs only in loan words, proper names, or in words that have [h] in the cognates of neighboring languages. Outside of loanwords, /d/ becomes [r] between vowels.
Comparative and historical evidence suggests that /ð̞/ and /l/ were in complementary distribution before a split occurred likely with pressure from contact with English, Spanish, and Tagalog.
Vowels of Kagayanen :
| | Front | Central | Back |
| Close | i | ə | u |
| Open | | a | |
/i/ ranges between [i] and [e], except in unstressed syllables (as well as before consonant clusters) where it lowers to [ɪ] or [ɛ]. Similarly, /u/ lowers to [ʊ] in unstressed syllables, before consonant clusters, and word-finally. It is otherwise [u].

## Grammar

Most roots in Kagayanen do not have a defined part of speech but can function in predication (like verbs), referring (like nouns), or modifying (like adjectives and adverbs). For example, kaan is a root often used to refer to "cooked rice", but when inflected as a verb, the same root can mean "eat". Verbs are inflected for mood, volition, voice (transitive/intransitive in Pebley's terminology), and whether the absolutive argument is a typical affected patient (applicative marking). As with other Austronesian languages, one argument of a verb is always treated specially by the syntax. Pebley refers to this unmarked noun phrase (which is often but not always in a patient role when another argument is present) simply as the "absolutive" argument. (Van Valin 2005) refers to this as the PSA, the "privileged syntactic argument", but linguists use a variety of terms to refer to this type of argument.
# Salestan

Salestan (Persian: سالستان) may refer to:
* Salestan, Astaneh-ye Ashrafiyeh
* Salestan, Rasht
# Sobho Gianchandani

Sobho Gianchandani (Sindhi: سوڀو گيانچنداڻي‎; 3 May 1920 – 8 December 2014) was a Pakistani Sindhi social scientist, and revolutionary writer.

## Biography

Gianchandani was born in Bindi (some sources call it Bandi), a small village near the archaeological site of Mohenjo-daro. He attended NJV High School, DJ College, and SC Shahani Law College. He was the first non-Urdu recipient of the Pakistan's top literary Kamal-e-Fun Award (for 2004), which is given every year to an eminent writer in recognition of his lifelong achievements in the field of literature.
He was also a member of the Communist Party of Pakistan.
Gianchandani died on 8 December 2014 at the age of 94.
# Bright Allotey

Bright Allotey (born 14 September 1991) is a Ghanaian former footballer who played as a defender.

## Career

Born in Accra, Allotey played club football for Great Olympics.
Allotey his first call up was on 12 September 2009 for a friendly game against Argentina national football team, in this match made his international debut on 1 October 2009.
# Citizens' Coalition for Economic Justice

Citizens' Coalition for Economic Justice (CCEJ; Korean: 경제정의실천시민연합, romanized: gyeongjejeong-uisilcheonsimin-yeonhab) is a citizens' movement in South Korea, which was founded in 1989. The movement works for economic justice, protection of the environment, for the reunification of Korea and for democratic and social development. Though it was founded not even twenty-five years ago, it has grown to encompass 35,000 members and 35 branches.
In voicing the concerns of citizens, CCEJ has achieved improvements within education, developed policy alternatives, and lobbied for legal reforms. It organizes many public discussions and hearings and informs the press about the concerns of citizens. It has expanded its goal of economic justice on a global level.
In 2003, CCEJ received the Right Livelihood Award for its efforts in creating a "reform programme, based on social justice."
# Santiago Hernández (sailor)

Santiago Hernández (born 1 October 1979) is a Mexican sailor. He competed in the men's 470 event at the 2000 Summer Olympics.
# Joseph Beaulieu

Joseph Beaulieu (21 May 1895 – 1 October 1965) was a Canadian composer, folklorist, and music educator. He traveled extensively throughout Canada collecting folk songs, which he compiled in several published books. As a composer, his works reflect his strong interest in folk music in there structure and melody. He wrote over 200 works, most of them folk-inspired songs or sacred songs. Also of note is his operetta Le Trésor du pauvre and his mass for four mixed voices, the Vatican II Mass, which was written for ceremonies held during the Second Vatican Council. A number of his pieces have been published by La Bonne Chanson and Thompson.

## Life

Born in Mattawa, Ontario, Beaulieu began his musical training at the relatively late age of 20, studying piano with Oscar O'Brien and Amédée Tremblay in Ottawa. He soon after began performing in evening entertainments with his teachers and baritone Charles Marchand. With Marchand he traveled throughout the provinces of Ontario and Quebec giving concerts of folk music. During these travels, he began collecting Canadian folksongs which became a lifelong passion of his.
In the early 1920s, Beaulieu pursued further training at the Canadian Conservatory of Music where he was a student of Harry Puddicombe, ultimately joining the conservatory's faculty. After the conservatory closed in 1937, he joined the faculty of the University of Ottawa where he taught courses in piano, singing, and business. In 1942 he became a voice teacher at the Benedictines of St-Benoît-du-Lac.
In 1931 Beaulieu founded the Petits Chanteurs céciliens, a musical ensemble dedicated to performing Canadian folk music. He served as the ensemble's director through 1943 and for this group he arranged many Canadian folk songs from his collection. He published several books of Canadian folk song collections, including Chantez, les petits (Thompson 1960), the eight-volume series Mon école chante (La Bonne Chanson 1956–64), Gerbes de chansons nouvelles and Chantez petits et grands.
In 1943 Beaulieu moved to Toronto to assume the role of assistant director in charge of music education for the Ontario Ministry of Education. He remained in that post for the next 22 years. He was also highly active teaching in the North Bay area where he died in 1965 at the age of 70.
# Khorosheye (Novosibirsk Oblast)

Khorosheye (Russian: Хорошее) is a rural locality (a selo). It is part of the Khoroshinsky village council of Karasuksky District, Novosibirsk Oblast, Russia.
Population 1,208 (2010 Census); ; 1,472 (2002 Census); .

## Geography

Khorosheye is located close to the Altai Krai border, by the northwestern shore of the lake of the same name.
# Novoorsk

Novoorsk (Russian: Новоорск) is a rural locality (a settlement) and the administrative center of Novoorsky District, Orenburg Oblast, Russia. Population: 11,295 (2010 Census); 11,274 (2002 Census); 10,411 (1989 Soviet census).
# Gerino da Pistoia

Gerino da Pistoia, also Gerino di Antonio Gerini, (1480–1529) was an Italian painter and designer of the Renaissance.

## Biography

Not much is known about Gerino except through his works and a few lines by Giorgio Vasari. Gerino was a pupil of Pietro Perugino and trained in his workshop. He traveled to Rome with Pinturicchio.
The Courtauld Gallery was awarded a grant in 2011 to restore and study a surviving work of his Virgin and Child Enthroned with Saints Lawrence, John the Baptist, Monica and Augustine (1510) which was originally made for the church of Sant'Agostino in Sansepolcro.
Some of his works include:
* Madonna with St. Michael and St. Peter, in the annex to the oratory of the church of San Alessandro in Milan
* Madonna (1502), painted relief, Museo Civico, Sansepolcro
* San Jacopo, Basilica of Our Lady of Humility
* Madonna and Child with Saints Anthony Abbot and Nicolas of Bari, church San Giorgio a Porciano, Lamporecchio
* Miracle of the Loaves and Fishes (1513), fresco in dining hall of the convent San Lucchese, Poggibonsi
* St Jerome Penitent, Museum of the Cathedral of San Zeno, Pistoia
* Franciscan saints, fifty medallions by Gerino and his students (1501–1509), corridor of the convent of the sanctuary of Chiusi della Verna
# Filab

Filab (Persian: فيلاب) may refer to:
* Filab, Khuzestan
* Filab, Razavi Khorasan
# Kim Chun

Kim Chun (Korean: 김준; Hanja: 金俊; ? – 1268), also known as Kim In-kun, was the ninth military leader who ruled during the late period of the Goryeo military regime.

## Biography

Kim Chun was the son of Kim Yun-sŏng, a house slave of the powerful Choe family of Goryeo's military dictatorship. Kim Chun had a brother, Kim Sŭng-jun but later, he renamed himself Kim Ch'ung. Kim Chun was good at riding and archery. In 1258, Ch'oe Ŭi was overthrown and killed by Kim Chun and Yu Kyŏng (1211–1289). Kim Chun became the new military ruler and shortly after that, Goryeo concluded a war with Mongols.
However, Kim Chun's power was much weaker than those of his predecessors, because his regime was sustained by a small number of sympathizers who coincide with the coup d'état. Kim Chun continued to insist on the war with Mongols and in this context, he began to give power to his relatives in order to strengthen his power, led to corruption and resulted in violent clashes with a few supporters of the regime. Im Yeon, who was an adopted child of Kim Chun, had a problem with Kim Chung and his wealth.
The new king, Wonjong of Goryeo was an opponent of Kim Chun and scholars who had insisted on peace with Mongolia gained power. In 1268, Im Yeon assassinated Kim Chun and became the new military leader. The next year, Im Yeon's attempt to replace King Wonjong was reversed by the crown prince with the help from the Mongol force.

## Family

* Father: Kim Yun-sŏng (김윤성)
** Brother: Kim Sŭng-jun (김승준), later renamed himself Kim Ch'ung (김충, d. 1268).
* Wives and their issue(s):
** Lady An Sim (안심; 安心)
*** 1st son: Kim Tae-jae (김대재, 金大材; d. 1268)
*** 2nd son: Kim Yong-jae (김용재, 金用材; 1228–1268); later changed into Kim Ju (김주; 金主).
*** 3rd son: Kim Sŏk-jae (김석재, 金碩材; d. 1262)
** Unnamed woman
*** Son: Kim Ae (김애, 金皚; d. 1268)
*** Son: Kim Ki (김기, 金棋; d. 1268)
*** Son: Kim Chŏng (김정, 金靖; d. 1268)

## In popular culture

* Portrayed by Kim Joo-hyuk in the 2012 MBC TV series God of War.
# Valentin Kotyk

Valentin Aleksandrovich Kotyk (Russian: Валентин Александрович Котик, Валя Котик; 11 February 1930 – 17 February 1944) was a Soviet Pioneer, a partisan scout, and a pioneer-hero. He was the youngest-ever Hero of the Soviet Union.
During the German-Soviet War, he participated in the partisan movement in Ukraine. At first, he was an orderly but he later participated in fights, was wounded twice and finally was killed in action during the battle for Iziaslav. He received the Order of the Patriotic War 1st class and the Medal "Partisan of the Patriotic War".
In 1957, a film Orlyonok [ru] devoted to him was shot. In 1958, he posthumously received the rank of the Hero of Soviet Union. Later, a number of streets, pioneer teams, schools and steamships were named after him, and a number of monuments were erected.
In November 2022, as part of a derussification campaign, (the Ukrainian capital) Kyiv's Valentin Kotyk Street was renamed to Videnska (Vienna) street.
# Charles Boateng (footballer, born 1989)

Charles Boateng (born 14 December 1989) is a Ghanaian footballer who plays as a midfielder for French club US Avranches.

## Club career

Born in Mampong, Boateng began his career with Nania F.C. and played with his team at the youth cup in Altstetten 2004 and 2005, reaching the final. Boateng was loaned to Tema Youth for a year in January 2007 and was a member of the Ghana Premier League All Star team 2007. After a trial in June 2007, he moved in January 2008 from Nania to Dijon FCO.
He was one of the players to be banned from the Ghana Division 2 after the match-fixing scandal with Nania and Okwawu United.
After three seasons with Dijon FCO, Boateng signed on 14 June 2010 for FC Rouen.
In January 2012, Boateng signed for US Avranches.

## International career

He also played for Ghana U17 team at 2005 FIFA U-17 World Championship.