OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Emergency Ordinance (Malaysia)

In Malaysia, the Emergency Ordinance (Malay: Ordinan Darurat, abbreviated EO) is used and enacted following a Proclamation of Emergency that has been issued by the Yang di-Pertuan Agong (as the Malaysian head of state) under Articles 150 of the Constitution.

## List of Emergency Ordinance

| Emergency ordinance | Promulgated / Issued by | Date of issue | Date of coming into force | Explanation | Status |
| Emergency Ordinance 1966 [P.U.(A)339A/1966] Emergency (Federal Constitution and Constitution of Sarawak) Act, 1966 (Act No. 68 of 1966) | Ismail Nasiruddin of Terengganu, 4th Yang di-Pertuan Agong | 14 September 1966 | 20 September 1966 | Expands powers of the Governor. | Repealed |
| Emergency Ordinance 1969 [P.U.(A)145/1969] Emergency (Essential Powers) Ordinance, 1969 (No. 1) | Ismail Nasiruddin of Terengganu, 4th Yang di-Pertuan Agong | 12 June 1969 | 16 May 1969 | Allows the supreme head (Yang di-Pertuan Agong) to make any regulation for the maintenance of public order and security, including regulations providing for the punishment of persons, the creation of offences and penalties (including death penalty), control of aliens, and the deprivation of citizenship. | Repealed |
| Emergency (Essential Powers) Ordinance 1969 (No. 2) | Ismail Nasiruddin of Terengganu, 4th Yang di-Pertuan Agong | | 17 May 1969 | Transfers executive authority in relation to emergency powers to a Director of Operations, who shall be designated by the Supreme Head. Also provides for a National Operations Council to assist the Director, and State Operations Committees to perform similar functions at the state level. | |
| Emergency (Public Order and Prevention of Crime) Ordinance, 1969 (No. 5) | Ismail Nasiruddin of Terengganu, 4th Yang di-Pertuan Agong | | 12 June 1969 | Allows persons to be detained for up to 60 days without an order of detention, and to be held up to 2 years upon the order of the competent Minister. Sets forth procedures for representations in relation with this Ordinance. | |
| Emergency (Essential Powers) Ordinance of 1969 (No. 6) | Ismail Nasiruddin of Terengganu, 4th Yang di-Pertuan Agong | | 27 June 1969 | Allows the Director of Operations to extend any law or subsidiary legislation without approval of Parliament. | |
| Emergency Ordinance 1977 [P.U.(A)358/1977] Emergency Powers (Kelantan) Act 1977 | Yahya Petra of Kelantan, 6th Yang di-Pertuan Agong | 8 November 1977 | | | Repealed |
| Emergency (Essential Powers) Ordinance 2021 [P.U.(A) 12/2021] | Abdullah of Pahang, 16th Yang di-Pertuan Agong | 14 January 2021 | 11 January 2021 | | |
# Kyric McGowan

Kyric McGowan (born November 1, 1999) is an American professional football wide receiver. He played college football at Northwestern and Georgia Tech and was signed by the Washington Commanders as an undrafted free agent in 2022.

## Early life and college

McGowan was born on November 1, 1999, in Dalton, Georgia, where he grew up. He attended Dalton High School, where he played football, baseball, and track and field. As a senior in football, he was team captain and helped lead the team to the number one Georgia 6-A State ranking. He was an honorable mention all-state honoree and was first-team all-region and all-area.
A three-star recruit, McGowan committed to play college football at Northwestern. In 2017, he was one of 13 true freshmen to see regular season game action, appearing in 11 games and recording five receptions for 51 yards. As a sophomore in 2018, he recorded 16 catches for 283 yards and scored two touchdowns, while playing in all 13 games. As a junior, he was a starter in all nine games in which he appeared, and finished the year with 13 receptions for 102 yards, in addition to 177 rushing yards and one score. In 2020, he appeared in eight matches and made 34 receptions for 366 yards.
Near the end of the 2020 season, McGowan announced that he was going to transfer to Georgia Tech for a super senior season after all players were given an extra year of eligibility due to the COVID-19 pandemic. In his lone season at Georgia Tech, he played in 11 games, 10 as a starter, and tied for the team lead in receptions with 37, while placing third on the team with 467 yards and scoring seven touchdowns. His touchdown total led Georgia Tech and placed eighth in the conference. At the end of the year, he was named academic all-conference.

## Professional career

Pre-draft measurables :
| Height | Weight | Arm length | Hand span | 40-yard dash | 10-yard split | 20-yard split | 20-yard shuttle | Three-cone drill | Vertical jump | Broad jump | Bench press |
| 5 ft 10+5⁄8 in (1.79 m) | 200 lb (91 kg) | 30+3⁄8 in (0.77 m) | 9 in (0.23 m) | 4.59 s | 1.65 s | 2.69 s | 4.35 s | 7.48 s | 35.5 in (0.90 m) | 10 ft 2 in (3.10 m) | 21 reps |
| All values from Pro Day ||||||||||||

### Washington Commanders

McGowan signed with the Washington Commanders as an undrafted free agent in May 2022. He was waived on August 30, 2022, but re-signed to the practice squad the following day. He was activated from the practice squad for their game against the Green Bay Packers, appearing on 13 combined offensive and special team plays. He signed a reserve/future contract on January 9, 2023. On August 29, 2023, he was placed on injured reserve. He was released two days later.

### Jacksonville Jaguars

On June 14, 2024, McGowan signed with the Jacksonville Jaguars. He was waived on June 20.

### Miami Dolphins

On July 23, 2024, McGowan signed with the Miami Dolphins. He was waived on August 27.
# Lim Ha-ram

Lim Ha-ram (Korean: 임하람; born 18 November 1990) is a South Korean footballer who plays as a centre-back for Suwon FC in South Korea's top-tier football league, the K League Classic. He has previously played for Gwangju FC and Incheon United.

## Club career

Lim was a priority pick from the 2011 K-League draft for Gwangju FC's roster in their foundation season in the K-League. Lim made his professional debut in a 0–1 League Cup loss to Busan I'Park on 6 April 2011, earning a yellow card late in the match.

## Club career statistics

    As of 27 November 2015
| Club performance | Club performance | Club performance | League | League | Cup | Cup | League Cup | League Cup | Total | Total |
| Season | Club | League | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals |
| South Korea | South Korea | South Korea | League | League | KFA Cup | KFA Cup | League Cup | League Cup | Total | Total |
| 2011 | Gwangju FC | K-League | 11 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 15 | 0 |
| 2012 | Gwangju FC | K-League | 12 | 0 | 1 | 0 | - | - | 13 | 0 |
| 2013 | Gwangju FC | K-League Classic | 28 | 0 | 1 | 0 | - | - | 27 | 0 |
| 2014 | Incheon United | K-League Classic | 12 | 0 | 0 | 0 | - | - | 12 | 0 |
| 2015 | Suwon FC | K League Challenge | 29 | 0 | 0 | 0 | - | - | 29 | 0 |
| Career total | Career total | Career total | 92 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 98 | 0 |
# Caucasus Krai

Caucasus Krai (Russian: Кавказский край) was an administrative division (a krai) of the Russian Empire. It was established in 1844. From that time until 1882 the head of the region (krai) was Viceroy-namestnik (Russian: наместник), during 1882–1905 chief executive or commander-in-chief (Russian: главноуправляющий or главноначальствующий), and in 1905–1917 again namestnik.
# Chelyabinsk Opera and Ballet Theatre

The Chelyabinsk State Academic Opera and Ballet Theatre or Glinka State Academic Opera and Ballet Theatre (Russian: Челябинский театр оперы и балета имени М. И. Глинки), named after Mikhail Glinka, is an opera and ballet theatre on one of the main squares of Chelyabinsk, Russia. The capacity of the hall is 894 seats. It is the largest theatre in the Chelyabinsk Region.

## History

The theatre was designed by architect N. Kurennoy and built in 1936–55 on the site of the former Nativity Cathedral, which existed from 1748 to 1932. The theatre was originally planned to open on November 7, 1941, but the Great Patriotic War led to significant delays. The opening of the theatre eventually took place on September 29, 1956, with a production of Alexander Borodin's "Prince Igor".

## Principal conductors

* 1955-1968 - Isidor Zak
* 1980-1985 - Nariman Chunikhin
* 1987-1991 - Viktor Sobolev
* 1994-2007 - Sergey Ferulev
* 2007-2013 - Anton Grishanin
* 2013 - present — Evgeny Volynsky
# State Institute for Drug Control

The State Institute for Drug Control (Czech: Státní ústav pro kontrolu léčiv) is a Czech government agency responsible for regulation of the safe production of pharmaceuticals in the country, clinical evaluation of medicines and for monitoring the advertising and marketing of both medicines and medical devices. Its powers stem from the Act on Public Health Insurance (Act No. 48/1997 Coll.).
Only part of its operating costs are directly funded. It is largely self-financing through charges for its services.
The SÚKL sets maximum ex-factory prices for reimbursement based on 195 reference groups of therapeutically interchangeable products of similar clinical efficacy. More than 20% of the health budget is spent on medication and medical devices. From January 2019 it took responsibility for regulating the reimbursement of consumer medical devices prescribed as part of outpatient care.
It allocates codes and names of medications for use in the electronic prescribing system.
It has been criticised by KOPAC, the Patient Association for Cannabis Treatment, for failing to ensure a supply of Czech medical cannabis so that patients have to pay inflated prices for imported supplies.
# Rennie Fritchie, Baroness Fritchie

Irene Tordoff Fritchie, Baroness Fritchie, DBE (née Fennell; born 29 April 1942 in Fife, Scotland), known as Rennie Fritchie, is a British life peer and former member of the House of Lords.

## Life/career

Irene Tordoff Fennell, daughter of Mr and Mrs Charles Frederick Fennell, was educated at Ribston Hall Grammar School for Girls in Gloucester and has had a long career specialising in training and development. Now described as a "portfolio" worker, she has held various positions including Commissioner for Public Appointments from 1999 to 2005, and President of the Pennell Initiative for Women's Health in Later Life.
In the 1970s, she was one of the first full-time women's training advisers and pioneered the training of staff in the then new Equal Opportunities Commission. Using a German Marshall Fellowship awarded in 1985, she drew lessons from the United States of America for the United Kingdom for programmes to improve the status of women. She has published extensively on these topics and contributes regularly on them to programmes on television and radio. She became Chairman of Nominet in 2010.

## Affiliations

She holds a number of positions outside government. She holds an honorary Professorship in Creative Leadership at York University and is Pro-Chancellor at Southampton University, a Civil Service Commissioner and Vice-Chair of the Stroud and Swindon Building Society. Active in a number of charities, Fritchie has been awarded honorary degrees by a number of academic institutions. Fritchie is Chair of the 2gether NHS Foundation Trust in Gloucestershire, and in 2012 was appointed as the new chancellor of the University of Gloucestershire.

## Family

In 1960 she married Don Jamie Fritchie with whom she had two children, the elder dying in 1991. She was widowed in 1992.

## Honours

Fritchie became a Dame Commander of the Order of the British Empire in the 1996 New Year Honours.
On 31 May 2005 Fritchie was made a life peer as Baroness Fritchie, of Gloucester in the County of Gloucestershire, and she sat as a crossbencher in the House of Lords. Fritchie retired from the House of Lords on 1 July 2024.

## Arms

Coat of arms of Rennie Fritchie, Baroness Fritchie :
* Adopted2007
* CoronetCoronet of a Baroness
* EscutcheonArgent three Barrulets fracted and there conjoined to a Chevronel Gules each ensigning a Labrador's Face Sable
* SupportersOn either side a Gloucester Cow Gules the head and legs Sable the horns lower spine tail and underparts Argent in the mouth a Rose also Argent barbed seeded leaved and slipped Or
* MottoMAKE A DIFFERENCE
* BadgeA Cross Crosslet Gules each limb terminating in a thistle head also Gules flowered Or
* SymbolismThe Arms take three chevronels from the Arms of the County Council of Gloucestershire and combine these with barrulets as an allusion to the law. The feminine symbol has been used in the Badge where four of them have been conjoined. The roundel of each symbol has then formed the base of a thistle head as an allusion to Scotland.
# Heredia, Álava

Heredia (Basque: Deredia) is a hamlet and concejo located in the municipality of Barrundia, in Álava province, Basque Country, Spain.
# Euonymus cornutus

Euonymus cornutus is a species of flowering plant in the genus Euonymus, native to Tibet, central China and Myanmar. Its putative variety Euonymus cornutus var. quinquecornutus, called the five‑horned spindle, has gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit.
# Leokadiya Drobizheva

Leokadiya Mikhailovna Drobizheva (Russian: Леокáдия Михáйловна Дро́бижева) (13 January 1933 – 11 April 2021) was a Russian sociologist. She was made an Honored Scientist of the Russian Federation in 1999, Laureate of the Prize of the President of the Russian Federation for Contribution to Strengthening the Unity of the Russian Nation (2019), and Honorary Doctor of the Institute of Sociology of the Russian Academy of Sciences.
# Yesu Matha Niragaranam

The Yesu Matha Niragaranam (யேசு மத நிராகரணம், The Refuting the Religion of Jesus) is a Tamil tract against Christianity, written by Siva Prakasar. The book includes brief examples and analogies. It is a classic instance of a clash between a Semitic religion and an oriental tradition. The concept of karma and sin have crossed in the debate.

## Siva Prakasar

Siva Prakasar was a Tamil philosopher, sage and poet who lived at the end of 17th century. He was also called "Siva anuputhi selvar", "Karpanai Kalangiyam", and "Thurai mangalam Sivaprakasar". A Shaiva Siddhanta, he contributed more than 34 books to Tamil literature.

## History

The historian Roberto de Nobili met Prakasar and debated with him about Hinduism and Christianity. After the debate, Prakasar compiled his book. No copies of the book have been found. Some writers say that Prakasar debated with Rev. Fr. Constanzo Beschi (alias Veera ma munivar) rather than de Nobili.
S.V.S. Rathinam, a bench magistrate from Prakasar's brother Velaiyar's lineage, mentioned this book in his autobiography Naan Ungal Thoni. He wrote that his grandfather Susai, alias Swaminatha Desikar, son of Sundaresanar, had a palm leaflet copy.
# Kosbach

Kosbach is a village on the outskirts of Erlangen, Germany. The village is known locally for its own Kirchweih festival, the Kosbacher Karpfen Kirchweih, which is a fest or celebration at which carp is consumed en masse. The village is surrounded by carp ponds. The ponds are lined with nets, a month or so before the festival the nets are raised so the fish are off the bottom and the muddiness is rinsed away. In 1985 there were a disproportionate number of teenagers in the town, by far outnumbering the adults.
# 6793 Palazzolo

6793 Palazzolo, provisional designation 1991 YE, is a stony asteroid from the middle region of the asteroid belt, approximately 9 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 30 December 1991, by Italian amateur astronomers Ulisse Quadri and Luca Strabla at the Bassano Bresciano Observatory in northern Italy. The asteroid was named after the Italian city of Palazzolo sull'Oglio.

## Orbit and classification

Palazzolo orbits the Sun in the central main-belt at a distance of 2.3–3.1 AU once every 4 years and 5 months (1,603 days). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.16 and an inclination of 5° with respect to the ecliptic.
In 1982, the asteroid was first identified as 1982 YS$_2$ at Crimea–Nauchnij. Its observation arc begins 1990, with its identification as 1990 SZ$_{23}$ at ESO's La Silla Observatory, 1 year prior to its official discovery observation at Bassano Bresciano.

## Physical characteristics

Palazzolo is an assumed S-type asteroid.

### Rotation period

In 2012, a rotational lightcurve of Palazzolo was obtained from photometric observations at the Palomar Transient Factory in California. Lightcurve analysis gave a rotation period of 6.2308 hours with a brightness amplitude of 0.16 in magnitude (U=2).
Follow-up observations in 2013 and 2014, gave a similar period of 6.190 and 6.2323 hours with an amplitude of 0.16 and 0.14, respectively (U=2/2).

### Diameter and albedo

According to the survey carried out by the NEOWISE mission of NASA's space-based Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer, Palazzolo has a diameter of 9.9 kilometers and an albedo of 0.083, while the Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link assumes an albedo of 0.10 and calculates a diameter of 8.0 kilometers.

## Naming

This minor planet is named after the Italian city of Palazzolo sull'Oglio, located between Brescia and Bergamo, in northern parts of the country. Known for its industries, including the first Italian factories producing cement and buttons, the city is now famous for its of spinning machines and zippers. It was founded on the banks of river Oglio, with archaeological findings dating back to the Roman era. The approved naming citation was published by the Minor Planet Center on 4 April 1996 (M.P.C. 26933).
# Sarab-e Ganj Ali

Sarab-e Ganj Ali and Sarab-e Ganj'ali and Sarab Ganjali (Persian: سرابگنجعلي) may refer to:
* Sarab-e Ganj Ali, Khorramabad
* Sarab-e Ganj Ali, Pol-e Dokhtar
# Anita Gale, Baroness Gale

Anita Gale, Baroness Gale (born 28 November 1940) is a Labour Party member of the House of Lords.
As a Labour Party member, Gale became involved in women's issues in the Women's Section of the party. From 1976 to 1999 she worked full-time for the Labour Party, first as the Women's Officer for Wales, and from 1984 as the General Secretary for Wales - retiring from the post in 1999, and was appointed a life peer on 4 August 1999 as Baroness Gale, of Blaenrhondda in the County of Mid Glamorgan.
During the initial professional career, Gale commenced employment as a sewing machinist at the age of 15 within a nearby clothing factory. During her marriage and the birth of her two children, she worked as a shop assistant. Upon resuming her career, she was elected as a shop steward representing the Tailors and Garment Workers’ Union, a membership she maintained until 1970. She studied economics and politics at Pontypridd Technical College and University College Cardiff from 1970 to 1976. After graduation in 1976, Gale assumed the role of Women’s Officer within the Wales Labour Party. Over the course of eight years, she ascended to the position of General Secretary, a role she occupied until her appointment as a Peer.
In 2005, Gale was honored with the Val Feld Welsh Woman of the Year Award, acknowledging her substantial contributions toward advancing women's causes in Wales.
She has held the roles of Chair of the All Party Parliamentary group on Parkinson's, president of the National Association of Old Age Pensioners, Wales, and president of the Treherbert and District branch of the British Legion.
In 2010 she became Opposition Front Bench spokesperson on Wales and Equalities.
Gale is the grand-niece of the rugby league footballer who played in the 1900s and 1910s for Wales, Treherbert RLFC, and Hull FC; David Galloway.
# Shadow Shogun

Shadow Shōgun (闇将軍, Yami-shōgun) is a nickname given to a number of Japanese people for their behind-the-scenes influence:
* Tōyama Mitsuru (1855–1944), Japanese politician and far-right activist
* Ichirō Ozawa (b. 1942), Japanese politician and former Leader of the Opposition
* Noboru Takeshita (1924–2000), Japanese politician and former Prime Minister
* Kakuei Tanaka (1918–1993), Japanese politician and former Prime Minister
* Tsuneo Watanabe (b. 1926), Japanese journalist and newspaper executive
# University of Tartu Botanical Garden

University of Tartu Botanical Garden (Estonian: Tartu Ülikooli Botaanikaaed), is a botanical garden in Tartu, Estonia. It belongs to the University of Tartu.
The Garden was established in 1803. Originally, it was located at Vanemuise street near what is now the Vanemuine Small Theatre House. In 1806, the garden was relocated to a more suitable site, on a former bastion at Lai street on the northern side of the old town.

## Gallery

* Main building
* Main entrance
* Garden in October
* Inside the greenhouse
# Lehte Hainsalu

Lehte Hainsalu (married name Lehte Sööt; born 31 October 1938, Haaslava Parish, Tartu County) is an Estonian writer, poet and politician.
In 1961 she graduated from Tartu State University, having studied Estonian philology. After graduation, she worked at the newspaper Edasi; at the Tartu Widget Factory (Estonian: Tartu Aparaaditehas); and at Eesti Televisioon studios in Tartu.
From 1981 to 1990, she was the head of Tartu division of the Estonian Writers' Union.
In 1980, she signed the Letter of 40 intellectuals.
She has won many awards, including the Friedebert Tuglas short story award (1987), and the Karl Eduard Sööt Prize for Children's Poetry (1992, 2015).

## Works

* 1957: poetry collection "Sõnajala õis"
* 1967: novel "Pigilinnu laul"
* 1980: poetry collection "Ainsa ööga läbi maa"
* 2003: poetry collection "Lapsed lennand tuulde"
* 2011: novel "Vastamata kõne"
# Black-winged petrel

The black-winged petrel (Pterodroma nigripennis) is a species of seabird in the family Procellariidae. It breeds on a number of oceanic islands in the tropical and subtropical East Pacific Ocean and spends the rest of the year at sea.

## Description

The black-winged petrel is a small species of petrel with long, narrow wings. Its length averages 29 centimetres (11 in) and its wingspan averages 67 centimetres (26 in). It has a small head and short black beak, a slender body and square-cut tail. It has a pale grey cap and nape, white cheeks and a dark grey collar. The dorsal surface of the body is pale grey and the upperside of the wings is pale grey near the base but dark greyish-black along the outer edge. The underparts are white and the outer edges of the wings are black. The tail is barred in black and white.

## Distribution

The black-winged petrel is a pelagic species native to the East Pacific Ocean, living out at sea and only coming to land in order to breed. Its breeding range stretches from Lord Howe Island and eastern Australia to New Caledonia, New Zealand (the Kermadec Islands, Three Kings Islands, Chatham Islands) and the Austral Islands (French Polynesia) in the east. The largest colony in the world is on Macauley Island (Kermadec Islands). Outside the breeding season it migrates further north and most commonly occurs in a broad belt of ocean between Peru and Hawaii.

## Biology

Living as it does in the open ocean, little is known of its feeding habits. It mostly catches prey by skimming across the surface of the sea or pattering across the water with its feet, snatching up any suitable prey item. Its diet includes cephalopods and prawns and it sometimes associates with other members of the order Procellariiformes as it fishes. It breeds on tropical and subtropical islands in the Pacific Ocean. It digs a tunnel up to a metre (yard) long in sandy soil on a grassy slope inland from the shore. The entrance is often concealed by bushes. It lays a single egg in a chamber at the end of the passage, lining the nest with leaves and other material. The incubation period is about 45 days, both parents feed the young bird and it fledges in about 85 days. On Phillip Island in the Norfolk Islands Group, black-winged petrel nestlings are occasionally preyed upon by the endemic Phillip Island centipede (Cormocephalus coynei), but the petrel population appears to be resilient to this.

## Status

There is estimated to be a global population of black-winged petrels somewhere in the region of eight to ten million individuals. This large population is spread out over a wide area and the IUCN, in its Red Book of Endangered Species, lists the bird as being of least concern.