# Karviná District

Karviná District (Czech: okres Karviná) is a district in the Moravian-Silesian Region of the Czech Republic. Its capital is the city of Karviná, but the most populated city is Havířov.

## Administrative division

Karviná District is divided into five administrative districts of municipalities with extended competence: Karviná, Bohumín, Český Těšín, Havířov and Orlová.

### List of municipalities

Cities and towns are marked in bold:
Albrechtice – Bohumín – Český Těšín – Chotěbuz – Dětmarovice – Dolní Lutyně – Doubrava – Havířov – Horní Bludovice – Horní Suchá – Karviná – Orlová – Petrovice u Karviné – Petřvald – Rychvald – Stonava – Těrlicko

## Geography

Karviná District borders Poland in the east and north. Part of the historic Trans-Olza region lies within the district. The terrain is flat and slightly undulating, without significant hills. The territory extends into two geomorphological mesoregions: Ostrava Basin (north and centre) and Moravian-Silesian Foothills (south). The highest point of the district is the hill Šachta in Český Těšín with an elevation of 427 m (1,401 ft). The lowest point of the district is the riverbed of the Oder in Bohumín at 191 m (627 ft).
From the total district area of 356.2 km$^2$ (137.5 sq mi), agricultural land occupies 177.4 km$^2$ (68.5 sq mi), forests occupy 52.0 km$^2$ (20.1 sq mi), and water area occupies 22.6 km$^2$ (8.7 sq mi). Forests cover 14.6% of the district's area.
The territory is rich in both rivers and bodies of water. The most important river of the district is the Olza, which partly forms the Czech-Polish border and partly crosses the territory. It flows to the Oder River, which flows along the northwestern district border. Other notable rivers are the Stonávka, Petrůvka and Lučina. The largest body of water is the Těrlicko Reservoir.
There are no large-scale protected areas.

## Demographics

| Year | Pop. | ±% |
| 1869 | 49,326 | — |
| 1880 | 61,358 | +24.4% |
| 1890 | 73,253 | +19.4% |
| 1900 | 106,842 | +45.9% |
| 1910 | 138,605 | +29.7% |
| Year | Pop. | ±% |
| 1921 | 156,492 | +12.9% |
| 1930 | 171,090 | +9.3% |
| 1950 | 160,847 | −6.0% |
| 1961 | 213,699 | +32.9% |
| 1970 | 274,220 | +28.3% |
| Year | Pop. | ±% |
| 1980 | 286,289 | +4.4% |
| 1991 | 285,998 | −0.1% |
| 2001 | 281,000 | −1.7% |
| 2011 | 256,394 | −8.8% |
| 2021 | 235,579 | −8.1% |
Source: Censuses :

### Most populated municipalities

| Name | Population | Area (km$^2$) |
| Havířov | 69,694 | 32 |
| Karviná | 49,724 | 58 |
| Orlová | 27,794 | 25 |
| Český Těšín | 23,282 | 34 |
| Bohumín | 20,519 | 31 |
| Rychvald | 7,783 | 17 |
| Petřvald | 7,407 | 13 |
| Dolní Lutyně | 5,315 | 25 |
| Petrovice u Karviné | 4,945 | 20 |
| Těrlicko | 4,841 | 25 |

## Economy

The largest employers with headquarters in Karviná District and at least 1,000 employees are:
| Economic entity | Location | Number of employees | Main activity |
| OKD | Stonava | 2,500–2,999 | Mining of hard coal |
| Bonatrans Group | Bohumín | 1,000–1,499 | Manufacture of rolling stock parts |
| Havířov Hospital | Havířov | 1,000–1,499 | Health care |
| Karviná-Ráj Hospital | Karviná | 1,000–1,499 | Health care |

## Transport

The D1 motorway from Brno to the Czech-Polish border crosses the northern part of the district. The southern part is crossed with the D48 motorway (part of the European routes E75 and E462), which connects Frýdek-Místek with Czech-Polish border near Cieszyn.

## Sights

The most important monuments in the district and the only one protected as a national cultural monument is the memorial to the victims of Nazi terror in Havířov.
The best-preserved settlements, protected as monument zones, are:
* Český Těšín
* Karviná
The most visited tourist destinations are the DinoPark Ostrava amusement park in Doubrava and Chotěbuz-Podobora Archeopark.