OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Marian Irish

Marian Doris Irish (1909 – 2001) was an American political scientist. She was Chair of the Department of Government at Florida State University, and was the Charles O. Lerche Jr. Professor of International Relations at the School of International Service in American University. She was also the President of the Southern Political Science Association.

## Life and career

Irish was born in 1909 in Scranton, Pennsylvania. She attended Barnard College, graduating in 1930 with a B.A. degree. After completing her degree, she worked for a year at Lafayette College. Irish then obtained an M.A. in 1931 from Bryn Mawr College, and a PhD in 1939 from Harvard University. After completing her PhD, she joined the faculty of Florida State University (then the Florida State College for Women). She remained there for 33 years, and for fourteen years she was the Chair of the Government Department there. In 1967, Irish moved to the School of International Service at American University, where she became the Charles O. Lerche Jr. Professor of International Relations. She retired in 1974.
Irish studied the politics of the United States in the mid-1900s. She coauthored the American politics textbook The Politics of American Democracy with James Prothro, which was released in 5 editions by 1973. With Elke Frank, Irish co-authored Introduction to Comparative Politics: Thirteen Nation States, which was re-published in a second edition in 1977. Irish and Frank also coauthored the 1975 book U.S. foreign policy: Context, conduct, content, which is an overview of American foreign policy after the end of World War II. U.S. foreign policy focused largely on the roles of the legislative and executive branches of the United States government in the making of American foreign policy. Irish published a symposium series in the Journal of Politics which, on the 30th anniversary of that journal's publication, was reprinted as an essay collection, called Political Science: Advance of the Discipline.
Irish was the 1956–1957 President of the Southern Political Science Association. She was also active in the development of higher education in the state of Florida throughout the mid-20th century. In 2002, the Southern Political Science Association created an annual award in her memory, called the Marian Irish Award. Florida State University also created a Marian D. Irish Professorship.

## Selected works

* The Politics of American Democracy, coauthored with James Prothro (1973)
* U.S. foreign policy: Context, conduct, content (1975)
* Introduction to Comparative Politics: Thirteen Nation States, coauthored with Elke Frank (1977, 2nd Ed)
* Political Science: Advance of the Discipline (1978)
# J. Keith Melville

J. Keith Melville (September 22, 1921 – June 15, 1995) was a political science professor at Brigham Young University (BYU) and the chairman of the Utah Democratic Party.
Melville was raised in Delta, Utah and also in Salt Lake City, Utah. He graduated from West High School in Salt Lake City and then began his studies at the University of Utah. He served in the United States military during World War II as the captain of a B-17 bomber. He has a master's degree from the University of California, Berkeley and a Ph.D. from the University of Utah. His doctoral dissertation was entitled "The Political Ideas of Brigham Young".
Melville married Ruth Weller in the Salt Lake City Temple in 1947. They were the parents of 9 children.
Melville began his teaching career at Ricks College (now Brigham Young University–Idaho) where he taught for seven years. He later was a professor in the BYU political science department for 42 years.
Amongst other position in the LDS Church Melville twice served as a bishop.
In 1966 Melville was the unsuccessful Democratic candidate for one of Utah's First Congressional District, losing to Laurence Burton.

## Publications

* Conflict and Compromise (1974)
* The American Democratic System (1974)
* Highlights in Mormon Political History, Brgham Young University Press, second publication in the Merrill Monograph Series, 1967
* "The First Lady and the Cowgirl" in Pacific Historical Review Vol. 57, no. 1 (Feb. 1988).
* Feminine Contributions to Mormon Culture: The Poetic Theology of Eliza Roxy Snow
* "Joseph Smith, The Constitution and Individual Liberties" in BYU Studies Vol. 28 (1987) no. 2.
* Conflict and Compromise: The Mormons in Mid-Nineteenth Century American Politics (Provo: BYU Press, 1974)
* Salt Lake Tribune September 11, 1966.

## Sources

* Deseret News June 16, 1995 obituary of Melville
* ↑ "The 1966 Election in Utah" in Western Political Wuarterly Vol. 20, no. 2, Jun 1967
# Reload (film)

Reload (Sinhala: රීලෝඩ්) is a 2019 Sri Lankan Sinhala comedy thriller film directed by Susantha Dharmapriya and co-produced by Kamal Dharmapriya, Mahinda Uduwana and Dhammika Priyadarshana. It stars Kumara Thirimadura, Dilhani Ekanayake in lead roles along with Roshan Pilapitiya and Tharuka Wanniarachchi. Music co-composed by Roshan Thisera and Kapila Maddegoda.

## Cast

* Kumara Thirimadura as Sadasarana Mudalige Alapatha
* Dilhani Ekanayake as Princy, Alapatha's wife
* Giriraj Kaushalya as Lekam
* Harith Wasala as Roy Alapatha, Alapatha's son
* Tharuka Wanniarachchi as Chaya, Yama's daughter
* Roshan Pilapitiya as Yama King
* Gayathri Dias as Tricksy
* Teddy Vidyalankara as Bonny
* Sarath Chandrasiri as driver Sanath Vipuladeva
* Mahinda Pathirage as Music teacher
* D.B. Gangodathenna as Doctor
* Hemantha Eriyagama as Police sergeant
* Chathura Perera as Alapatha's bodyguard
* Nandana Hettiarachchi as Drunken person
* Rajasinghe Loluwagoda as Buddhist monk
* Manjula Moragaha as Sampath
* Ariyasena Gamage as God beseecher
* Keerthi Bandara as Astrologer in hell
* Jeevan Handunneththi as Bus conductor
* Sanet Dikkumbura as Kapuwa

## Songs

The film consists with four songs.
# Enayatabad

Enayatabad (Persian: عنايتاباد) may refer to:
* Enayatabad, Jiroft
* Enayatabad, Narmashir
# George Anania

George Anania (Romanian pronunciation:; July 14, 1941 – April 5, 2013) was a Romanian science-fiction writer and translator.
Born in Măgurele, Ilfov County, he graduated from the University of Bucharest in 1964.

## Published books
### Novels

* Corsarul de fier (1966)
* Test de fiabilitate (1981), Editura Albatros
* O experiență neobișnuită (1989), Editura Ion Creangă
* Acțiunea Lebăda (1991), Editura Ion Creangă

### With Romulus Bărbulescu

* Constelația din ape (1962), Colecția "Povestiri științifico-fantastice" nr. 174–179 (English: Constellations from the Waters)
* Captiv în inima Galaxiei (1964), CPSF 226
* Statuia șarpelui (1967), Editura Tineretului
* Doando (1969) – Editura Tineretului
* Planeta umbrelelor albastre (1969), Colecția "Povestiri științifico-fantastice" nr. 356-359
* Ferma oamenilor de piatră (1970), Editura Tineretului (en. The Stone Men Farm)
* Paralela-enigmă (1973), Editura Tineretului
* Șarpele blând al infinitului (1977)
* Cât de mic poate fi infernul? (1993), Editura Odeon
# Popular Front for Democracy

The Popular Front for Democracy (Sotho: Khoeetsa ea Sechaba) is a political party in Lesotho. At the elections for the National Assembly, 25 May 2002, the party won 1.1% of popular votes and 1 out of 120 seats. In the 17 February 2007 parliamentary election, the party kept 1 seat. In 2012 elections it increases numbers of seats in the parliament, it got 3 seats. While in 2015 elections it got 2 seats, after 2017 elections it rise to 3 seats, although this was reduced to 1 in the 2022 elections.

## Electoral Performance

| Election | Proportional | Proportional | Constituency | Constituency | Seats | +/- | Government |
| Election | Votes | Share | Votes | Share | Seats | +/- | Government |
| 1993 | 947 | 0.18 | — | — | 0 / 65 | New | Extra-parliamentary |
| 1998 | 3,077 | 0.52 | — | — | 0 / 89 | 0 | Extra-parliamentary |
| 2002 | 6,330 | 1.14 | 7,180 | 1.34 | 1 / 120 | 1 | Opposition |
| 2007 | 15,477 | 3.49 | 162 | 0.04 | 1 / 120 | 0 | Opposition |
| 2012 | 11,166 | 2.02 | — | — | 3 / 120 | 2 | Coalition |
| 2015 | 9,829 | 1.73 | — | — | 2 / 120 | 1 | Opposition |
| 2017 | 13,200 | 2.27 | — | — | 3 / 120 | 1 | Opposition |
| 2022 | 4,636 | 0.90 | — | — | 1 / 120 | 2 | Opposition |
# Michael Brame

Michael K. Brame (January 27, 1944 – August 16, 2010) was an American linguist. He served as a professor at the University of Washington and was the founding editor of the peer-reviewed research journal, Linguistic Analysis. Brame's work focused on the development of recursive categorical syntax, also referred to as algebraic syntax, which integrated principles from algebra and category theory to analyze sentence structure and linguistic relationships. His framework challenged conventional transformational grammar by advocating for a lexicon-centered approach and emphasizing the connections between words and phrases. Additionally, Brame collaborated with his wife on research investigating the identity of the author behind the name "William Shakespeare", resulting in several publications.

## Early life and education

Michael Brame was born on January 27, 1944, in San Antonio, Texas.
Brame started his study of linguistics at the University of Texas at Austin, receiving his BA in 1966. That summer he studied Egyptian Arabic at the American University of Cairo. That fall, Brame began a PhD program at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, studying under Morris Halle and Noam Chomsky, who was his adviser. He received his PhD in 1970 or 1971. His dissertation was titled Arabic Phonology: Implications for Phonological Theory and Historical Semitic.
Brame was a Fulbright scholar (Netherlands, 1973-1974).

## Recursive categorical syntax

Recursive Categorical Syntax (RCS), also known as algebraic syntax, is a linguistic framework that integrates concepts from algebra and category theory to model sentence structure and linguistic relationships. It is a type of dependency grammar, and is related to link grammars. It views words and phrases as mathematical entities, employing algebraic operations to depict their combinations within sentences. Brame's view that "transformations simply do not exist" challenges transformational-generative grammar, advocating for a lexicon-centered perspective.
By formalizing word connections, algebraic syntax aims to better understand syntax and simplify traditional theories of grammar, stressing the recursive nature of language and the hierarchical arrangement of linguistic elements, as reflected in Brame's assertions that "the lexicon must be elaborated" and "deep structure falls along with the classical transformations once the lexicon is taken seriously." This approach is intended to provide a comprehensive and mathematical grasp of sentence formation and linguistic structure.
As Brame emphasized, this approach relies on a non-associative groupoid structure with inverses to represent the interactions of lexical items (words and phrases), or lexes for short. A LEX is a lexicon containing string representations of a word or idiomatic phrase together with a notation specifying what other classes of word or phrase can bond with the string.

## Shakespeare's Fingerprints

In 2002, Brame co-authored with his wife Galina Popova a book titled Shakespeare's Fingerprints. Over the next two years, they published three more books on the topic.

## Personal life

Brame was married to Galina Popova.
# Letterfearn

Letterfearn (Scottish Gaelic: Leitir Fheàrna) is a settlement that lies of the western shore of Loch Duich in Skye and Lochalsh, Highlands of Scotland and is in the council area of Highland. Eilean Donan Castle lies two miles (three kilometres) north of Letterfearn.
# Balkhash Airport

Balkhash Airport (Kazakh: Балқаш Әуежайы / Balqaş Äuejaiy) (IATA: BXH, ICAO: UAAH) is an airport 6 km (3.7 mi) northeast of Balkhash, Kazakhstan.

## Overview

Balkhash Airport is classified as a national aerodrome in the latest AIP. It is capable of accepting Ilyushin Il-76, Tupolev Tu-134, Tupolev Tu-154, Antonov An-8, Antonov An-12, Antonov An-24, Ilyushin Il-14, Ilyushin Il-18, Yakovlev Yak-40, Yakovlev Yak-42, and Antonov An-2 aircraft. It can also accept light aircraft and helicopters of all types.
The length of the runway is 2,502 m × 40 m (8,209 ft × 131 ft). A dirt runway was also used in the past, but it is now closed.
Military aircraft are also based there. In the last few years, civil aircraft rarely use this airport and the airport is mainly used by the sky diving club of the city of Balkhash and the military.

## Airlines and destinations

| Airlines | Destinations |
| SCAT Airlines | Almaty, Astana |
# I Love You, Oh Ancient Land

To Ra Ey Kohan Boomo Bar Doost Daram (Persian: تو را ای کهن بوم و بر دوست دارم; lit. I Love You, Oh Ancient Land) is a 2015 Persian traditional music collaborative studio album. The album is dueted by vocalists Mohsen Keramati and Noushin Tafi, and is composed by Peyman Khazeni. The album was unveiled on January 27, 2015.

## Controversy

In February 2015, the album became controversial after Iranian hardliners falsely claimed that it contains solo female vocals (which is forbidden in Iran). The album got Minister of Culture and Islamic Guidance Ali Jannati under pressure from conservatives. Several senior clerics publicly criticized the album, including Hossein Noori Hamedani, Mohammad Alavi Gorgani, Lotfollah Safi Golpaygani and Naser Makarem Shirazi.
“I emphatically deny all reports claiming that the Culture Ministry has authorized an album that contains solo performances by a female singer. The complaints from the respected clerics are based on false reports that they have received about the album. Of course, I respect them and understand their concerns, which come from religious motivations”, The minister said.
Due to the criticisms on the album, two female singers scheduled to perform in Fajr International Music Festival, did not participate in their group's event. The ministry stressed that their absence was “with the agreement of the group”.

## Remove from Market and Cover change

On February 26, 2015 the publisher decided to remove the album from the market in order to change the cover, after being warned by Ministry of Culture. The album's original cover, which portrays only female singer Noushin Tafi, may cause the "misunderstanding" that it's a solo album by her.

## Personnel

Credits are adapted from the album liner notes.
# Gholamabad

Gholamabad (Persian: غلام آباد) may refer to:
* Gholamabad (32°22′ N 50°22′ E), Kuhrang, Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province
* Gholamabad (32°29′ N 50°15′ E), Kuhrang, Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province
* Gholamabad, Fars
* Gholamabad, Golestan
* Gholamabad, Ilam
* Gholamabad-e Khayyat, Lorestan Province
# Chang Yŏn-u

Chang Yŏn-u (Korean: 장연우; Hanja: 張延祐; ? – January 5, 1016) was a Korean civil official who served the Goryeo dynasty. He fought in the second conflict in the Goryeo–Khitan War.

## Biography

Chang Yŏn-u was the son of Chang Yu (장유; 張儒), of the Heungdeok Chang clan. Chang Yu worked in the Department of Visiting Guests (객성; 客省; kaeksŏng), during the reign of King Gwangjong. Chang Yŏn-u is thought to have been born around the time of the reign of Gwangjong.
In 1010, Chang Yŏn-u was serving as the deputy minister of War (병부시랑; 兵部侍郞; pyŏngbu sirang) when he was appointed as the haengyŏng tot'ongbusa (행영도통부사; 行營都統副使) of the 300 thousand strong Goryeo army led by Kang Cho sent to defend against the invading Khitans. The Goryeo army was defeated near Tongju by the Khitans, with Kang being captured and later killed. Chang survived the battle and fled southwards with King Hyeonjong to Naju in 1011. He was appointed as the superintendent of the Censorate (판어사대사; 判御史臺事; p'an ŏsadae sa) for his service to the king.
In 1014, due to a lack of government funds, Chang and Hwangbo Yu-ŭi, both civil officials, proposed to reduce the salary of the military officials to make up for the lack of funds. This decision angered the military officials, with Supreme Generals Ch'oe Chil and Kim Hun launching a military rebellion and seizing control of the government. Both Chang and Hwangbo were exiled from the court. However, in 1015, both Ch'oe and Kim were killed and power was restored to the civilian court. Chang and Hwangbo were allowed to return. Chang was appointed as the Minister of Revenue (호부상서; 戶部尙書; hobu sangsŏ), but died shortly later on January 5, 1016. He was posthumously honoured as the Vice Director of the Right in the Department of State Affairs (상서우복야; 尙書右僕射; sangsŏ u pogya) and given the posthumous name of An'gyŏng. Chang's poem, "Song of Cold Pine Pavilion" (한송정곡; 寒松亭曲), would later be included in the Joseon-era collection of writings called Tongmunsŏn (Selections of Refined Literature of Korea).
# Marble Cliff Quarry Co.

The Marble Cliff Quarry Co., is located in the community of San Margherita and operated the largest limestone quarry in the United States from its founding in 1913 until its sale in 1985.

## History

In the early 1840s, quarry activities began in the area to mine a narrow belt of Columbus and Delaware limestone which stretched all the way from the Scioto River to the Olentangy River adjacent to Marble Cliff, Ohio. The Columbus formation stone was roughly 100 feet thick with the Delaware limestone deposit above at 16 to 35 feet thick. Limestone was mined through the simple process of drilling and blasting and resulted in either blocks or crushed stone of various sizes. The products were then sent to the nearby limestone markets where they were sold and used in construction or as flux to purify iron ore. These activities became more extensive in 1892 with the arrival of Sylvio A. Casparis and the Casparis Stone Co.
In 1913, Marble Cliff Quarries Co. was founded and shortly consolidated quarrying activities with the merger of Casparis Stone, Scioto Stone, Kiefer Stone, and Woodruff and Pausch Stone. John W. Kaufman was named president of the company and H.J. Kaufman vice president. The company grew through the expansion of stone grades from one to six and market-specific divisions that cater their products to specific industries, and at one point employed as many as 500 men. By 1928, Marble Cliff Quarry was producing 3 million tons of stone per year, and purchased land in Muskingum County to expand their operations in road material.

## Development

In 1985, the Kaufmans sold the 2,000-acre (8.1 km$^2$) quarry to investors who filled in and developed the quarry for residential use, including Marble Cliff Commons apartments and Marble Cliff Crossing, a 100 single-family and 60 double-family subdivision built between 1998 and 2003. The northern section of the original quarry remained in operation by American Aggregates Co.
In 2017, Wagenbrenner Development purchased a 560-acre (230 ha) section of the former quarry, with the intention of remediating the site's brownfields to create a mixed-use development and the region's 20th Metro Park. On November 30, 2021, the first phase of the 225-acre Quarry Trails Metro Park opened to the public.
# Abnaa Al-Madina SC

Abnaa Al-Madina Sport Club (Arabic: نادي أبناء المدينة الرياضي), is an Iraqi football team based in Sadr City, Baghdad, that plays in Iraqi Second Division League.

## Managerial history

* Khalaf Habash
* Salam Tuaima
* Saddam Al-Rubaie
# Poleto, Delčevo

Poleto (Macedonian: Полето) is a village in the municipality of Delčevo, North Macedonia.

## Demographics

As of the 2021 census, Poleto had 198 residents with the following ethnic composition:
* Macedonians 192
* Persons for whom data are taken from administrative sources 3
* Albanians 2
* Others 1
According to the 2002 census, the village had a total of 194 inhabitants. Ethnic groups in the village include:
* Macedonians 186
* Romani 8
# Al Taqwa Mosque

The Al Taqwa Mosque (Malay: Masjid Al Taqwa) is a mosque in Taman Tun Dr Ismail, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
# Bolkly

Bolkly (Egyptian Arabic: بولكلى) is a neighbourhood in Alexandria, Egypt. The neighborhood is officially named Bulkeley, written as Bolkly. In speech however, the name has been modified over generations into a more pronounceable one for the local tongue, "Bokla" (Egyptian Arabic: بوكلا).
The neighbourhood is named after H. Bulkeley, one of the founders of the Strada Ferrata tra Alessandria e Ramleh company, which created the first electric tramway line in Alexandria. Other neighbourhoods of Alexandria also bear names of its railway system's founders (Shods, Fleming, Stanley).
# I. E. Torouțiu

Ilie E. Torouțiu (June 17, 1888 – November 24, 1953) was an Austro-Hungarian-born Romanian literary historian.
Born into a poor peasant family in Solca, then part of Austrian-ruled Bukovina, he did well in primary school, and a teacher advised him to leave for Suceava and learn a trade. He did so at age fourteen, finding work at a printing press, where the boss noticed his interest in books and helped him obtain a scholarship. He entered the local Greek Orthodox High School in the autumn of 1902. He excelled as a student, including in German language and literature, while having to spend his free time at the press so as not to lose his scholarship. After graduating in 1910, he enrolled at the literature and philosophy faculty of Czernowitz University. A gifted student, he drew notice from rector Matthias Friedwagner, who arranged a scholarship at the Academy for Social and Commercial Studies in Frankfurt. In 1913, he taught Romanian there. He then became a teacher at Cantemir High School in Bucharest, capital of the Romanian Old Kingdom. Until 1916, he edited Bucovina, a newspaper for emigrants from his home province. His first book appeared in 1911; this was A fost odată, a collection of folk tales and songs. Magazines that published his work include Convorbiri Literare, Sămănătorul, Ramuri, Făt-Frumos, Floarea-soarelui, Litere and Pagini de istorie și critică literară.
When Bucharest was occupied by the Central Powers at the end of 1916, he withdrew to Iași. There, he agitated against the spring 1918 Treaty of Bucharest. After the war, he returned to the national capital, where he established Bucovina publishing house, which he put to effective use for the benefit of other writers. He headed Convorbiri Literare during the last phase of its first run (1939-1944). Torouțiu published numerous works of literary history. His magnum opus is the thirteen-volume Studii și documente literare, which appeared between 1931 and 1946, spanning some 8,000 pages and leading Perpessicius to call him "a Hurmuzachi of literary history". The first volume was done in collaboration with Gheorghe Cardaș; the remainder, alone. The work includes documents and pieces of literary history he found in his personal library, in archives and in institutions. He was elected a corresponding member of the Romanian Academy in 1936; the new communist regime stripped him of membership in 1948. Additionally, due to the pro-Nazi Germany line Convorbiri Literare had taken during World War II, he was barred from publishing in 1945. Wracked by terminal illness, he died at his Bucharest home; his wife committed suicide the following day.
He translated works by Ludwig Anzengruber, John Bunyan, Otto Funcke, Franz Grillparzer, Christian Friedrich Hebbel, Plato and J. C. Ryle. He collected folklore from Bukovina and published studies about its economy, as well as writing literary criticism. Since 1991, the library in Torouțiu's native town has borne his name.