OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Charles Fremont Dight

Charles Fremont Dight (1856–1938) was an American medical professor and promoter of the human eugenics movement in the U.S. state of Minnesota. Dight Avenue, a street in Minneapolis, was named for him until the city re-designated it as Cheatham Avenue in 2022.

## Biography

In 1856, Dight was born in Mercer, Pennsylvania, to parents of Scotch German heritage. He grew up on a farm. Dight married Dr. Mary A. Crawford in 1892, but they divorced in 1899. Dight had no children or heirs. Dight resided in a tree house home dwelling at 4818 39th Avenue in Minneapolis, which has since been demolished.
Dight graduated from the University of Michigan Medical School in 1879. He was a health officer in Holton, Michigan from 1879 to 1881. He then worked at the university under professor Alonzo B. Palmer. Dight taught at the American University of Beirut from 1883 to 1889. Upon returning to the United States, he was the resident physician and teacher of physiology and hygiene at the Shattuck School in Faribault, Minnesota. He later taught at the medical school at Hamline University; the medical school was absorbed into the University of Minnesota in 1907. Dight was a member of the Socialist Party of Minnesota, and was an alderman from the 12th district of Minneapolis from 1914 to 1918. During his time in office, Dight was instrumental in passing an ordinance requiring the pasteurization of milk. He left the Socialist Party in 1917, prior to beginning his eugenics efforts.
Dight became a proponent of eugenics during the 1920s. He founded the Minnesota Eugenics Society in 1923 and persuaded the Minnesota legislature to pass a sterilization law in 1925. Dight actively pursued the same type of eugenics as Nazi medicine. In 1933, Dight wrote a letter to Adolf Hitler praising his efforts to "stamp out mental inferiority".When he died in 1938, Dight gave his estate to the University of Minnesota to create the Dight Institute for Eugenics Research. The institute was renamed the Dight Institute for the Promotion of Human Genetics and was in operation until the late 1960s when it was divested, and it later closed in the 1990s.
In 1918, the Minneapolis city council named a nine-block long street in the Longfellow community "Dight Avenue" for him in recognition of his efforts to promote food safety. The street name drew periodic criticism from the public and by editorial boards of newspapers, such as by the MinnPost in 2016. The legacy of Dight Avenue became part of a wave of statute removals and official re-designations in the aftermath of protests following George Floyd's murder in 2020. In light of his views on eugenics, in 2021 a petition drive led by disability activist Noah McCourt requested that the City of Minneapolis rename the street, which received support from residents and city officials. In 2022, Dight Avenue was renamed after John Cheatham, one of the first Black firefighters in Minneapolis.

## Publications

* 1935: History of the Early Stages of the Organized Eugenics Movement for Human Betterment in Minnesota
* 1936: Call for a New Social Order
# Cho Sung-min (sailor)

Cho Sung-min (also Jo Seong-min, Korean: 조성민; born January 29, 1987, in Seoul) is a South Korean sailor, who specialized in two-person dinghy (470) and open match racing classes. He claimed a bronze medal, as a member of the South Korean sailing team, in match racing at the 2010 Asian Games, and later represented South Korea at the 2012 Summer Olympics. As of September 2013, Cho is ranked no. 134 in the world for two-person dinghy class by the International Sailing Federation.
Cho made his official debut at the 2010 Asian Games in Guangzhou, where he captured a bronze medal for the South Korean team in a match duel against the host nation China with a scintillating record of 3–1.
At the 2012 Summer Olympics in London, Cho competed as a boat crew member in the men's 470 class after receiving a berth from the World Championships in Barcelona, Spain. Teaming with his partner and skipper Park Gun-woo in the opening series, Cho pulled off a twenty-second-place finish in a fleet of twenty-seven boats with an accumulated net score of 169 points.
# Vepor Mountains

Vepor Mountains (Slovak: Veporské vrchy) are a mountain range in Slovakia, a subdivision of Erzgebirge in Spiš region.

## Notable features

* Fabova hola
* Sihlianska plateau
* Balocké vrchy
# Abrak

Abrak (Persian: اب راك) may refer to one of three villages in Howmeh-ye Sharqi Rural District, in the Central District of Izeh County, Khuzestan Province, Iran:
* Abrak-e Azhgil (آبراک اژگیل), population 936 as of the 2006 census
* Abrak-e Do (آبراک دو), population 225 as of the 2006 census
* Abrak-e Yek (آبراک یک), population 144 as of the 2006 census
# Richardton meteorite

The Richardton meteorite is a 90 kilograms (200 lb) H5 Ordinary chondrite that was seen to fall at 21:48 on 30 June 1918 between Mott, North Dakota and Richardton, North Dakota, United States.
Pieces were found in a strewn field of about 9 miles (14 km) by 5 miles (8.0 km) centred on 46°37′30″N 102°16′17″W﻿ / ﻿46.62500°N 102.27139°W﻿ / 46.62500; -102.27139 and oriented north–south. As of December 2012 pieces of this meteorite were for sale online at up to US$80/g.
In 1960 John Reynolds discovered that the Richardton meteorite had an excess of $^{129}$Xe, a result of the presence of $^{129}$I in the solar nebula.
# Liangzhu

Liangzhu or Liang Zhu may refer to:

## Written as 良渚

* Liangzhu, the modern-day subdistrict under Yuhang district of Hangzhou, China
* Liangzhu City, an ancient city assumed to be the political and spiritual centre of Liangzhu culture
* Liangzhu culture, Neolithic culture in the Yangtze River Delta of China

## Written as 梁祝

* Butterfly Lovers or Liangzhu, a Chinese legend of a tragic love story of a pair of lovers
* The Lovers (1994 film) or Liángzhù, a Hong Kong film by Tsui Hark
* Butterfly Lovers (album), a 2005 album by Denise Ho
* Liangzhu, Henan, town in Runan County, Henan, China
# Abraham ben Solomon

Abraham ben Solomon of Torrutiel (Utiel, Valencia) was a Spanish Jewish historian of the early 16th century.
# Middle Bengali literature

The Middle Bengali Literature is a period in the history of Bengali literature dated from 14th to 18th centuries. Following the Turkic Muslim conquest of Bengal in the 13th century, literature in vernacular Bengali began to take shape. The oldest example of Middle Bengali Literature is believed to be Shreekrishna Kirtana by Boru Chandidas.
The Middle Bengali Literature is divided into three periods, named Pre-Chaitanya Era, Chaitanya Era, and Later Middle Age.
In the Pre-Chaitanya Era (14th-15th century), the early Vaishnava Poetry or the Vaishnava Padavali by Chandidas and Vidyapati was composed, the first translations of Rāmāyana and Bhagavata in Bengali were made, and the tradition of Mangalkāvya flourished with Manasamangal and Chandimangal.
In the Chaitanya Era (16th-17th century), the later Vaishnava Poetry and the hagiography of Sri Chaitanya flourishes. In this period, the translation of Mahābhārata into Bengali grows, and important development in Mangalkāvya tradition is seen.
In the Later Middle Age, the tradition of Shakta Poetry or Shakta Padāvali grows. The age of Mangalkavya meets its end with the composition of Annadamangal by Bharatchandra Ray. The Baul tradition emerges as an intellectual icon with Lalan Fakir. The most important development is the rapid growth of Eastern Bengal Ballads and Muslim Ghazals are among the most important aspects of this period, particularly the work of poets like Alaol and Daulat Qazi.
# National Institute of Health Education & Research

The National Institute of Health Education & Research Patna (NIHER) is located in IDH Colony, Gulzarbagh, Patna. This institution imparts education in nursing, physiotherapy, and paramedical courses from diploma, degree to masters level. Courses available are nursing : M.SC (nursing), P.B.SC (nursing), B.SC (nursing), G.N.M, A.N.M., for physiotherapy: DPT, BPT AND MPT, for paramedical BMLT, BMRIT, BOTA, DMLT, DRIT, DECG, DOTA, DSI, CMD etc.
# Nomin Bold

Nomin Bold (Mongolian: Болдын Номин) is a Mongolian painter born in 1982 in Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia. She is part of a new generation of artists which uses the Mongol Zurag painting style. Nomin Bold studied Mongol Zurag at the School of Fine Arts at the Mongolian University of Arts and Culture. According to her, Nomin's paintings are influenced by the Buddhist Thangka paintings. She is married to a Mongolian artist Baatarzorig Batjargal.

## dokumenta 14

Two of her paintings, One Day of Mongolia 2017 (acrylic, gold sheets on canvas, 150×200 cm) and Grey Palace 2017 (acrylic on canvas, 150×200 cm) had been shown at documenta 14 in Kassel, Germany, at the Natural History Museum Ottoneum.

## Notable exhibitions
### Solo exhibitions

2014 Naughty Game, at Art Space 976+, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia

### Group exhibitions

2018 2nd Yinchuan Biennale, at Yinchuan, China
2017 documenta 14, at Kassel, Germany
2015 Asia Pacific Triennial, at Queensland, Australia

## Paintings at Google Arts & Culture

* The Painting Tomorrow at Google Arts & Culture
* The Painting Labyrinth game at Google Arts & Culture
# Sepehr Mohammadi

Sepehr Mohammadi (Persian: سپهر محمدی کمال‌آبادیسپهر محمدی; born 8 August 1989) is an Iranian professional futsal player. He is a goalkeeper, and currently a member of Giti Pasand and the Iran national futsal team.

## Honours
### Country

* FIFA Futsal World Cup
** Third place (1): 2016
* AFC Futsal Championship
** Champion (2): 2016 - 2018
** Runners-up (1): 2014
* Asian Indoor and Martial Arts Games
** Champion (2): 2013 - 2017
* WAFF Futsal Championship
** Champion (1): 2012
* Grand Prix
** Runner-Up (1): 2015

### Club

* AFC Futsal Club Championship
** Champion (1): 2010 (Foolad Mahan)
** Runner-Up (2): 2013 (Giti Pasand) - 2017 (Giti Pasand)
* Iranian Futsal Super League
** Champion (4): 2008–09 (Foolad Mahan) - 2009–10 (Foolad Mahan) - 2012–13 (Giti Pasand) - 2016–17 (Giti Pasand)
** Runners-up (3): 2013–14 (Giti Pasand) - 2014–15 (Giti Pasand) - 2018–19 (Giti Pasand)
** Third place (1) : 2017–18 (Giti Pasand)

### Individual

* Best Goal Keeper:
** Best Goal Keeper of the Iranian Futsal Super League (2): 2015–16 - 2016–17
** Nominated for the best goalkeeper of the world By Umbro futsal Awards 2017 (futsalplanet.com).
# Gaetano Giani Luporini

Gaetano Giani Luporini (28 May 1936 – 27 February 2022) was an Italian composer and academic.

## Life and career

Born in Lucca, the grandson of the composer Gaetano Luporini, after studying violin he enrolled at the Conservatorio Luigi Cherubini in Florence, graduating in composition under Roberto Lupi. Between 1968 and 1986 he was professor of Harmony and Counterpoint at his alma mater, and between 1986 and 2003 he directed the Luigi Boccherini Conservatory in his hometown.
Luporini composed chamber, opera, symphonic and choral music. He was also active as a composer of incidental music, and was well known as a faithful collaborator of Carmelo Bene for about twenty years.
Luporini died from complications of COVID-19 in Barga, Province of Lucca, on 27 February 2022, at the age of 85.
# Shahin Saghebi

Shahin Saghebi (Persian: شاهین ثاقبی) is an Iranian footballer who plays for Tractor in the Persian Gulf Pro League.

## Club career
### Malavan

Saghebi played his entire career in Malavan. He scored his first goal for Malavan against Mes Rafsanjan on 29 October 2013 in the Hazfi Cup. His first league goal was against Malavan's arch-rivals Damash in El Gilano, ensuring Malavan's historic 3–0 win in Rasht. He scored the third goal of Malavan's 4–2 win over Esteghlal on 19 February 2014.

### Tractor

Saghebi joined Tractor in summer 2014 with a two-year contract while he was contracted with Malavan. However Tractor later announced that he and Mohammad Pour Rahmatollah joined Tractor to spend their conscription period.

### Statistics

    As of 7 April 2015.
| Club | Division | Season | League | League | Hazfi Cup | Hazfi Cup | Asia | Asia | Total | Total |
| Club | Division | Season | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals |
| Malavan | Pro League | 2011–12 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | – | – | 0 | 0 |
| Malavan | Pro League | 2012–13 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | – | – | 4 | 0 |
| Malavan | Pro League | 2013–14 | 23 | 4 | 2 | 1 | – | – | 25 | 5 |
| Tractor | Pro League | 2014–15 | 24 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 4 | 1 | 28 | 4 |
| Tractor | Pro League | 2015–16 | 14 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 15 | 2 |
| Malavan | Azadegan League | 2016–17 | 31 | 5 | | | | | 31 | 5 |
| Sepahan | Pro League | 2017–18 | 13 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 14 | 1 |
| Career Total | Career Total | Career Total | 109 | 9 | 5 | 2 | 4 | 1 | 118 | 12 |

## International career
### U23

He invited to Iran U-23 training camp by Nelo Vingada to preparation for Incheon 2014 and 2016 AFC U-22 Championship (Summer Olympic qualification).

### Senior

Saghebi was called up by Carlos Queiroz to Iranian national team on 7 November 2014 for upcoming friendly match with South Korea.
# Skill F.C. de Bruxelles

Skill Football Club de Bruxelles was a Belgian football club from its creation in 1896 to 1902 when it merged with Daring Club de Bruxelles. The club played in the first division from 1899 to 1902 and finished respectively 6th (and last, with 0 point, but was not relegated), 5th (on 9) and 5th (on 6).
# Cuore di mamma

Cuore di mamma (also known as Mother's Heart) is a 1969 Italian comedy drama film directed by Salvatore Samperi.

## Cast

* Philippe Leroy: Andrea Franti
* Beba Loncar: Magda Franti
* Carla Gravina: Lorenza Garroni
* Yorgo Voyagis: Carlo
* Paolo Graziosi: Mariano
* Rina Franchetti: Berta
* Nicoletta Rizzi: Eleonora

## Production

The character played by Carla Gravina has three children played by Mauro Gravina, Monica Gravina and Massimiliano Ferendeles. In real life Mauro and Monica are siblings, but they aren't Carla Gravina's relatives.
# Nantlle Ridge

The Nantlle Ridge (Welsh: Crib Nantlle) is the name given to a small range of mountains in Snowdonia, north Wales which runs south-west from the village of Rhyd Ddu for a distance of about 9 km (6 mi), ending above Nebo in the Nantlle Valley.
The Nantlle Ridge offers excellent hill walking with fewer crowds than on the more popular parts of Snowdonia. It can be started from either end, but the Rhyd Ddu end tends to be the more popular. There are no great technical difficulties, although a little scrambling may be required on some parts of the ridge.

## Summits

Starting from the Rhyd Ddu end, the Nantlle Ridge is composed of the following peaks (see hill lists in the British Isles for an explanation of the terms "Nuttall", "Hewitt" and "Marilyn"):
* Y Garn (633 m or 2,077 ft); SH551526) — sub-Hewitt, Nuttall
* Mynydd Drws-y-Coed (695 m or 2,280 ft); SH548518) — Hewitt, Nuttall
* Trum y Ddysgl (709 m or 2,326 ft); SH544516) — Marilyn, Hewitt, Nuttall
* Mynydd Tal-y-Mignedd (653 m or 2,142 ft); SH535514) — Hewitt, Nuttall
* Craig Cwm Silyn (734 m or 2,408 ft); SH521501) — Marilyn, Hewitt, Nuttall
* Garnedd Goch (701 m or 2,300 ft); SH511495) — sub-Hewitt, Nuttall
* Mynydd Graig Goch (610 m or 2,000 ft); SH497485)— Hewitt, Nuttall
Craig Cwm Silyn is the highest point on the ridge, and can be reached by following the minor road running from Llanllyfni towards Llynnau Cwm Silyn, or as part of a traverse of the Nantlle Ridge from Rhyd Ddu. The crag of Craig yr Ogof is popular with rock climbers.
# Bissoe

Bissoe (Cornish: Besow, meaning birch trees) is a hamlet in west Cornwall, England, United Kingdom. It is situated five miles (8 km) east of Redruth in a former tin mining area. It is in the civil parish of Kea.
Bissoe was the site of an early arsenic extraction works, the second such commercial works in Britain. Frederick Hamilton Davey succeeded his father as Works Manager of the Cornwall Arsenic Company's factory at Bissoe in 1902, having acted as his father's assistant for several years.
The name is believed to derive from the Cornish word besow meaning birch trees. Bissoe is the home of a small number of businesses, Bissoe Bike Hire, a concrete products company and an environmental waste management company called Clear-flow Ltd.
The Bissoe Trail is a world famous cycling trail. Many bikes have been claimed by the challenging conditions of the trail.
Bissoe lies on the Coast to Coast Trail long-distance footpath and cycle trail. The trail is 11 miles (17.5 km) long and links the interior of west Cornwall to the harbour of Portreath on the north coast and the former port of Devoran in the south. The trail follows the course of now-disused railways formerly used to carry imported coal and extracted minerals for export. Bissoe Valley Nature Reserve lies to the south of the hamlet.

## Cornish wrestling

Cornish wrestling tournaments, for prizes, have been held in Bissoe. Venues have included the field adjoining the Miners' Arms at Bissoe Bridge.
# Molla Mahmud

Molla Mahmud (Persian: ملامحمود) may refer to:
* Molla Mahmud, Bushehr
* Molla Mahmud, East Azerbaijan
* Molla Mahmud, Razavi Khorasan
# Rast (maqam)

Rast Panjgah (or Rast; Persian: راست پنج گاه) is the name of a dastgah (musical mode) in Iranian music and of a maqam in Arabic and related systems of music.
Rast (راست) is a Persian word meaning "right" or "direct". Rast is regarded as the basic dastgah in Iranian music and later on was adopted in Arabic and Turkish makam music, in the same way as the major scale in Western music, though it is rather different from the major scale in detail. Rast features a half-flat third and a half-flat seventh scale degrees.
Middle eastern Sephardic Jews liken the word rast to "head" from the Hebrew word רֹאשׁ rosh. Therefore, they have a tradition of applying maqam rast to the prayers whenever they begin a new Torah book in the weekly Torah portions (this occurs approximately five times a year as there are five books in the Torah).

## Rast in different music traditions

* Rast (Arabic maqam)
* Rast (Turkish makam)
* Rast pitch class set
* Rast (mugham)
* Rast (Persian dastgah)
# Gopikishan Bajoria

Gopikishan Bajoria (Marathi: गोपीकिशन बजोरिया) is a Shiv Sena politician from Akola district, Maharashtra. He is current Member of Legislative Council as a member of Shiv Sena representing Akola-cum-Washim-cum-Buldhana Local Authorities constituency. He has been elected to Maharashtra Legislative Council for three consecutive terms for 2004, 2010 and 2016.
He got elected to legislative council for the third consecutive time with a record margin of 274 votes, securing 513 of the total 791 votes. During his tenure as a legislator he has achieved a special grant for Shioni airport, Akola and successfully raised funds from the state government. Apart from this, he is largely associated with the social work. Gopikisan Bajoria has played a key role in development of cottage industries and small scale village industries for the employment and betterment of low earning farmers of Akot, Telhara and Hiwarkhed.

## Positions held

* 2004: Elected to Maharashtra Legislative Council (1st term)
* 2010: Re-elected to Maharashtra Legislative Council (2nd term)
* 2016: Re-elected to Maharashtra Legislative Council (3rd term)
# Wall of Češov

The Wall of Češov (Czech: Češovské valy) are ramparts in the municipality of Češov in the Hradec Králové Region of the Czech Republic. It is the largest site of its kind in the country. It was probably built to protect a Celtic oppidum in the 1st century BC.

## Description

It covers an area of 35 ha. The rampart is a maximum of 12 metres high and 55 metres wide, which makes it the largest site of its kind in the country. It is estimated that the material used for building the ramparts could fill 15,000 railway carriages.

## History

Historians have been disputing the origin of the ramparts for decades. Nowadays the most common theory is that the ramparts protected a Celtic oppidum. It was built in the Iron Age, in the 1st century BC. A lot of Iron Age pottery has been found in the locality. In the 6th century AD the ramparts was used by Slavs. At the time of the Hussite Revolution General Jan Žižka used the ramparts as a fortress, as did the Swedes, who built a newer part of the ramparts during the Thirty Years' War. In the Austro-Prussian War the ramparts served as a refuge for local civilians.
# Hamidiyeh (disambiguation)

Hamidiyeh is a city in Khuzestan Province, Iran.
Hamidiyeh (Persian: حميديه) may also refer to:
* Hamidiyeh, East Azerbaijan
* Hamidiyeh, Isfahan
* Hamidiyeh, Kerman
* Hamidiyeh, Zarand, Kerman Province
* Hamidiyeh, Dasht-e Azadegan, Khuzestan Province
* Hamidiyeh, Hoveyzeh, Khuzestan Province
* Hamidiyeh, Markazi
* Hamidiyeh, Mehdishahr, Semnan Province
* Hamidiyeh District, in Khuzestan Province
# Karim Masroor

Karim Masroor (Persian: کریم مسرور born in 1955, Mashhad) is a retired Iranian football player. He was known as (Persian: سر طلایی Golden Head) due to his many goals scored through headers.

## Playing career
### Club career

He played for Pas Mashhad and F.C. Aboumoslem. His most memorable games were a friendly vs Neftianik Baku and a game versus Persepolis F.C. where he was enjoying himself dribbling past Ali Parvin throughout the game and he scored a goal in that game. His striking partner upfront for F.C. Aboumoslem was Majid Tafreshi. His other team mates were Reza Abbasi, Mohammad Panjali, Akbar Misaghian and Mohammad Azam.

### National career

He was a member of Iran national under-20 football team in 1973–1974. His team mates were Hafez Tahouni, Hassan Rowshan, Nouri Khodayari, Parviz Mazloomi, Mahmoud Haghighian, Gholam Hossein Peyrovani, Hadi Naraghi to name a few.

## Achievements

* In one of the Takht Jamshid Cup league seasons during the 1970s, he scored 11 goals.
# Bahram Soroush

Bahram Soroush (Persian: بهرام سروش) is a UK-based civil rights activist and a member of the Worker-Communist Party of Iran Central Committee.

## Biography

As a teenager, Soroush took part in demonstrations against the regime of the Shah during the Iranian Revolution (1978–79). He and his fellow secularist progressive protesters were surprised and disappointed that the Islamists managed to take hold of the revolution and turn the Westernised Imperial State of Iran into an Islamic republic.$^{:0:58}$
In June 2007, Soroush became one of the co-founders of the Council of Ex-Muslims of Britain (CEMB).

## Views

According to Soroush, it is "very difficult to try to separate Islam from Islamic terrorist organisations". In a conference held in June 2006, Bahram said that the "Iranian government is antiworker and anti-human" Soroush has said that the Islamic Republic is not a representative of the Iranian people and that it would be dangerous for the Republic to attain nuclear weapons.
In Soroush's view, the term Islamophobia is being used to "stifle the criticism of Islam" and that "considering the atrocities" committed by Islamic movements, terrorist attacks and honour killings in Muslim countries, it is "understandable that people should have a dislike of Islam and that this negative perception of Islam should have grown".
# Moha, Belgium

Moha (French pronunciation:; Walloon: Mouhå) is a village and district of the municipality of Wanze, located in the province of Liège in Wallonia, Belgium.

## History

From the end of the 9th century until the early 10th, Moha was the seat of the County of Moha, and the today ruined Château de Moha [fr] was the seat of the counts. Small-scale extraction of lead and silver took place here during the Middle Ages; in the 19th century large-scale stone quarries were established.
In the hamlet Saint-Sauveur a râperie was established. This small factory extracted raw juice from sugar beet. The juice was then pumped through a pipeline to the Wanze Sugar Factory.

## Sights

Apart from the castle, there are several other historical buildings in the village, including a fortified farm from the 16th century. The current village church was built in 1912 and replaced an older structure.
# Tsubota

Tsubota (written: 坪田) is a Japanese surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Kazumi Tsubota (坪田 和美) (born 1956), Japanese footballer
* Teruto Tsubota (1922-2013), American humanitarian and United States Marine
* Yuki Tsubota (born 1994), Canadian skier