OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Arnold Tompkins

Arnold Tompkins (1849–1905) was an American educator and university president in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, most known for his work at Illinois State Normal University and Chicago Normal School.

## Early life

Tompkins was born on September 1, 1849, in Edgar County, Illinois. He had brief stints at Indiana University and Butler University before enrolling in and graduating from the Indiana State Normal School in 1880 at the age of 31.

## Educator

Tompkins taught in Worthington, Indiana, from 1880 to 1882, after which he became the superintendent of schools in Franklin, Indiana. In 1885, he went to DePauw University, serving as the head of the English program and working in the normal department. Tompkins moved to the normal school at Terre Haute as an English teacher in 1890, then departed three years later to become a student at the University of Chicago for two years. In 1895, he became a professor of pedagogy at the University of Illinois.
Tompkins published several books related to education and pedagogy, such as A Graded Course of Study for the Franklin Public Schools (1883), The Science of Discourse (1889), The Philosophy of Teaching (1893), and The Philosophy of School Management (1895).
As an educator, Tompkins also traveled all over the United States to give lectures and address educational meetings, garnering himself a national reputation.

## University presidencies
### Illinois State Normal University

Tompkins came to ISNU after John W. Cook left to become the president at the Dekalb Normal School in 1899. Under Tompkins, the curriculum at ISNU saw several major changes. There were changes in credit hours, specialized electives offered to students, timelines based on the high school students previously attended, and other minor changes in order to professionalize the curriculum. He also worked to strengthen the faculty and improve the curriculum to better prepare students to become high school teachers.

### Chicago Normal School

In 1900, after ten months, Tompkins left ISNU and became the president of the Chicago Normal School, which today is split into Chicago State University and Northeastern Illinois University. Tompkins said he left the school because the Chicago school would have better facilities and opportunities for him to truly accomplish what he wanted in education. Upon his arrival at the school, Tompkins found a host of issues he had to contend with. There was a surplus of teachers, a long list of incoming cadets, a newly intensified courseload for students, and financial shortages. However, Tompkins did not let this faze him, and continued to work hard to bring the school success.

## Death

Tompkins died on August 14, 1905, in Menlo, Georgia, while on vacation from his job at the Chicago Normal School. He was buried in the Alpine Community Church Cemetery in Menlo, Georgia.
# Shahin Frashëri

Shahin Frashëri was an Albanian bejtexhi of the 19th century. His Mukhtarnameh poem is one of the longest and earliest epics in Albanian literature.

## Life and work

Shahin (Shahinin) Kaso Frashëri was born in Frashër, today's Përmet District, back then part of the Janina Vilayet of the Ottoman Empire. He was the younger brother of the other poet Dalip Frashëri, and uncle of the Albanian poets and National Awakening activists Naim, Sami, and Abdyl Frashëri. Not much is known on his life. He left his name in the Albanian literature with his poem Mukhtarnameh (Book of Mukhtar), Albanian: Myhtarnameja, an epic poem of around 12,000 verses. It describes the events post Battle of Karbala of 680 AD where Husayn ibn Ali got killed, an important event in the chronology of Islam. Frashëri describes the rebellion of Mukhtar al-Thaqafi of 66 AH (corresponding to 685-6 AD), and the Alid movement in vengeance for the death of Husayn ibn Ali. Frashëri finished his work in 1868. He used a Turkish version as base or intermediary model, though the original is in Persian. It is one of the latest major Bektashi-Shia work written in Albanian using the Arabic script. By that time, the National Awakening had started and Bektashis of Albania switched to the new Albanian scripts.
According to the Jordanian professor Muhammad Mufaku al-Arna'ut, who has studied in detail the early Arabic script based Albanian poetry, the Mukhtarnameh together with the Garden of the martyrs (Alb: Kopshti i te mirevet) of Frashëri's brother Dalip, established a subgenre of its own within the Albanian poetry. They served as base model for the later work of the Albanian nationalist poet Naim Frashëri named Qerbelaja (Karbala), and also for the epic Istori' e Skenderbeut (History of Scanderbeg), published in Bucharest in 1898.
Very short excerpts of Muktarnameh have been published so far.
# Birgit Fladager

Birgit Fladager is the former District Attorney of Stanislaus County, California. She was elected in June, 2006 and re-elected in 2010 and 2014. In each of those years, she got more than 50% of the vote in the primary election. She did not achieve this in 2018 and so ran against Deputy District Attorney John R. Mayne in the general election. She won that election and continued to be in office as of 2020.
She retired January 3rd of 2023. She was succeeded by Jeff Laugero, who ran unopposed in 2022.

## Career

Birgit Fladager is the first elected female district attorney of Stanislaus County, California. One of Fladager's earliest national appearances was on an episode of Forensic Files about the murder of a teenage girl by her stepfather Douglas Mouser. Fladager was the deputy district attorney on the Douglas Mouser case and helped convict him.
Fladager made national headlines as one of the attorneys on prosecution team for Scott Peterson, who was convicted in 2004 for murdering his pregnant wife, Laci Peterson. Fladager was later in the news again for not retrying corruption charages against the Modesto mayor Carmen Sabatino (in 2006) and saying she would retry George Souliotes for murder in 2013, before settling the case for involuntary manslaughter.
Fladager was found to have not committed retaliation against former prosecutor Douglas Maner (Fladager's former employee). During depositions in that case, Fladager admitted reducing a prosecutor's suspension for driving under the influence from 45 days to 10 days and said the public was unlikely to ever find out about the change in discipline. In 2018, there was controversy about an admission that Fladager made when saying that she did not want senior attorneys to tell rookie attorneys that the defendants they were prosecuting were innocent, even when true.

## Frank Carson case

Prominent Modesto attorney Frank Carson and many others were arrested in August 2015 for the murder of Korey Kaufman, believed to be a petty thief who stole from Carson.
Carson ran against Fladager for District Attorney in 2014. A preliminary hearing went 18 months, breaking the record for preliminary hearing length. The record was formerly held by the McMartin Preschool case.
Carson was subsequently acquitted and Fladager stands accused of prosecutorial misconduct related to the matter.

## Electoral history
### Stanislaus County, California District Attorney

In 2018, Fladager was challenged by Mayne, Patrick Kolasinski, and Stephen O'Connor in the District Attorney race.
# James Louis Schad

James Louis Schad (July 20, 1917 – March 27, 2002) was a bishop of the Catholic Church in the United States. He served as an auxiliary bishop of the Diocese of Camden from 1966 to 1993.

## Biography

Born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, James Schad grew up in Vineland, New Jersey where he graduated from Sacred Heart High School. He studied for the priesthood at St. Mary's Seminary in Baltimore and was ordained a priest on April 10, 1943, for the Diocese of Camden.
His pastoral assignments as a priest and bishop included St. Rose of Lima parish in Haddon Heights, St. Anne's parish in Westville, Most Holy Redeemer parish in Westville Grove, Maris Stella parish in Avalon and the Cathedral of the Immaculate Conception in Camden.
On October 18, 1966 Pope Paul VI appointed Schad as the Titular bishop of Panatoria and Auxiliary Bishop of Camden. He was consecrated by Archbishop Celestine Damiano of Camden on December 8, 1966. The principal co-consecrators were Bishop James Hogan of Altoona-Johnstown and Auxiliary Bishop Pius Benincasa of Buffalo.
Schad served as auxiliary bishop until his resignation was accepted by Pope John Paul II on January 26, 1993.
He died of renal failure at Our Lady of Lourdes Medical Center in Camden on March 27, 2002, at the age of 84. He was buried at Sacred Heart Cemetery in Vineland, New Jersey.
# Path of Freedom Party

The Path of Freedom Party (Albanian: Partia Rruga e Lirise) is a political party in Albania, led by Shukrane Muda.
# Ilku

Ilku of Kish was the twentieth Sumerian king in the First Dynasty of Kish, according to the Sumerian King List. His name does not appear in Early Dynastic inscriptions, meaning that he is unlikely to have been a real historical person.
# Zhejiang Market Guide

Zhejiang Market Guide (Chinese: 浙江市场导报), also known as Zhejiang Shichang Daobao or Zhejiang Market Herald, is an economic newspaper published in simplified Chinese in the People's Republic of China.
Sponsored by the Zhejiang Administration for Industry and Commerce (浙江省工商行政管理局), the newspaper was inaugurated in Hangzhou on July 2, 1992, and its predecessor was Zhejiang Industry and Commerce Herald (浙江工商导报).

## Controversies

On August 9, 2007, Beijing Sanmianxiang Copyright Agency Limited Company (北京三面向版权代理有限公司) sued Zhejiang Market Guide Agency (浙江市场导报社) on behalf of the article's author. The lawsuit required the electronic version of the Zhejiang Market Guide to stop the infringement, and at the same time pay the author's remuneration to Sanmianxiang Copyright Agency and make corresponding compensation. The court did not rule on this claim because the Zhejiang Market Guide Agency refused to mediate.
This case is the first copyright dispute over the electronic version of a newspaper in China, and attracted widespread attention and discussion from all sectors of Chinese society.
# Kate Bunce

Kate Elizabeth Bunce (25 August 1856 – 24 December 1927) was an English painter and poet associated with the Arts and Crafts movement.
The daughter of John Thackray Bunce – a patron of Birmingham Museum & Art Gallery and editor of the Birmingham Post during its Liberal heyday – Bunce was born in Birmingham and educated at home. She studied at the Birmingham School of Art in the 1880s, first exhibiting artworks with the Royal Birmingham Society of Artists in 1874 and with the Royal Academy from 1887. She was elected as an associate of the Royal Birmingham Society of Artists in 1888 and many of her works were displayed in a number of Birmingham churches.

## Career

Her earliest known work is The Sitting Room (1887), and in 1893 Bunce was one of the artists invited to contribute murals to hang in Birmingham Town Hall. Her initial style was that of the Birmingham School, where she was a prizewinning student during the 1880s. Her work became increasingly influenced by Burne-Jones, Rossetti, and the Pre-Raphaelites, and was characterised by strong figure drawing and a clear use of colour. Later in her life she painted a series of decorative pieces in churches, often alongside metalwork by her sister Myra Bunce. She exhibited her work across England between the years 1887 and 1912 in London, Manchester, Birmingham, and Liverpool. Her reredos in the church of St Alban's, Bordesley features many species of birds.

## Personal life

Bunce lived all of her life in Edgbaston and died unmarried. A Birmingham Civic Society blue plaque in her honour was unveiled at St Alban's church in September 2015, by the Lord Mayor of Birmingham.

## Gallery

* The Chance Meeting
* Portrait of Mrs. Macneile Dixon
* Melody (Musica), circa 1895
* Reredos by Kate Bunce. Copperwork by her sister Myra. St Alban the Martyr, Birmingham, England.
* Reredos
* Reredos detail
# Azzan ibn Tamim

Azzan ibn Tamim al-Kharudi (Arabic: عزان بن تميم الخروضي, romanized: ʿAzzān ibn Tamīm al-Kharūḍī; died 893 CE) was the ruler of Oman from 890 to 893 CE, serving as both the nation's imam and sultan.

## Reign

Ibn Tamim was anointed Imam & Sultan of Oman in 890 CE—a time of tremendous turmoil for the region. Just three years later, Muhammad ibn Nur, a military commander of the Abbasid Caliphate, had invaded Oman, killing ibn Tamim along with his followers.
# Charles James Barclay (admiral)

Rear Admiral Charles James Barclay (8 September 1843 – 26 September 1909) was a United States Navy officer.

## Biography

Barclay was born in Philadelphia to William James Barclay and Anna Musgrave. He entered the U.S. Naval Academy on 21 September 1860 with the rank of acting midshipman, graduating on 6 October 1863, as an acting ensign.
During the Civil War Barclay took part in the capture of the Confederate cruiser CSS Florida at Bahia, Brazil, by USS Wachusett in October 1864, and served on board the Kearsarge in 1865–66.
He rose through the ranks post-war, being promoted to master on 10 May 1866, to lieutenant on 21 February 1867, to lieutenant commander on 12 March 1868, to commander on 25 November 1881, and to captain on 1 October 1896.
Barclay recommissioned the monitor Amphitrite (BM-2) at Norfolk on 2 October 1897, commanding her during the Spanish–American War, and taking part in the bombardment of San Juan, Puerto Rico, on 12 May 1898, and then serving on blockade duty. He was still in command of her in 1899.
He was the commandant of the Naval War Academy from 1900, and was therefore delegated captain of the Navy Yards at Boston and then at Puget Sound.
Barclay was promoted to rear admiral on 20 November 1903, and retired in 1905.
He died of diabetes at his home in Brookline, Massachusetts, aged 66.
# George Albert Hammes

George Albert Hammes (September 11, 1911 – April 11, 1993) was an American bishop in the Roman Catholic Church. He served as Bishop of Superior from 1960 to 1985.

## Biography

Born in St. Joseph, Wisconsin, Hammes was ordained to the priesthood for the Roman Catholic Diocese of La Crosse on May 22, 1937, at the Cathedral of St. Joseph the Workman. He served as secretary to Bishop Alexander McGavick and taught religion at Aquinas High School in La Crosse, Wisconsin. He then served as pastor of St. Leo Parish in West Salem, Wisconsin. In 1960, Hammes was appointed bishop of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Superior and was ordained bishop on May 24, 1960, in La Crosse, Wisconsin. In 1985, Hammes retired; he died at a rest home in La Crosse, Wisconsin.
# Norbert Hayes

Norbert Patrick Hayes (November 21, 1896 – July 13, 1945) was an American football end and fullback for the Racine Legion and the Green Bay Packers of the National Football League (NFL). He played college football for Marquette.
# Yekkeh Tut

Yekkeh Tut or Yekeh Tut (Persian: يكه توت) may refer to:
* Yekkeh Tut, Golestan
* Yekeh Tut, Mazandaran
* Yekkeh Tut, Razavi Khorasan
# Krông Ana River

The Krông Ana River (Vietnamese: Sông Krông Ana) is a river of Vietnam. It flows through Đắk Lắk Province for 215 kilometres and has a basin area of 3960 km². It is the principal tributary of the Srepok River. The Gia Long and Dray Nur Falls lie along this river.
# Genichutl

Genichutl (Russian: Геничутль) is a rural locality (a selo) in Khunzakhsky Selsoviet, Khunzakhsky District, Republic of Dagestan, Russia. Population: 315 (2010 Census); 282 (2002 Census); 181 (1989 Soviet census). There are 3 streets in this selo.

## Geography

It is located 4 km from Khunzakh (the district's administrative centre), 77 km from Makhachkala (capital of Dagestan) and 1,646 km from Moscow. Batlaich is the nearest rural locality.
# Tsvetnopolye

Tsvetnopolye (Russian: Цветнополье) is the name of several rural localities in Russia:
* Tsvetnopolye, Novosibirsk Oblast, a village in Chistoozyorny District of Novosibirsk Oblast
* Tsvetnopolye, Omsk Oblast, a selo in Azovsky Nemetsky National District of Omsk Oblast
# Efron

Efron is a Jewish surname. It is taken from the Biblical place name, Hebrew: עפרון. Another version to it is the demonym Efroni (עפרוני).
Notable people with the surname include:
* Bradley Efron (born 1938), American statistician
* Edith Efron (1922–2001), American libertarian
* Inés Efron (born 1984), Argentine actress
* Jonathan Efron, U.S. colorectal surgeon
* Marshall Efron (1938-2019), American actor
* Nora Ephron (1941–2012) playwright, screenwriter, novelist, producer, director
* Paloma Efron (1912–1977), Argentine singer
* Sergei Efron (1893–1941), Russian poet, officer of White Army and later NKVD agent
* Zac Efron (born 1987), American actor
# David Hume (explorer)

David Hume (1796 Berwick, Scotland - 1 February 1864 Grahamstown) was an explorer and big-game hunter who lived much of his life in Cape Colony.
David Hume was born in Berwick, Scotland and went to Cape Colony with Benjamin Moodie's Scottish settlers in 1817. He became a pioneer trader, explorer and renowned big-game hunter. Starting in 1829 when he accompanied Robert Moffat, he arranged trips into Mzilikazi's territory and was one of the first Europeans to meet this chief of the Matabele. In 1830 he explored the region north of the Limpopo River searching for gold. He was also the first recorded European to enter Bamangwato, the present-day Botswana. Hume heard reports of the existence of Lake Ngami, but in 1836 lacked the funds to mount an expedition. He had settled at Kuruman with his family and annually sold the products of his hunting on the Market Square in Grahamstown. On 2 April 1851 he sold 12,333 pounds (5,594 kg) of ivory for £5,260 and karosses and ostrich plumes to the value of £5,802. In 1854 he was elected as one of eight municipal commissioners of Grahamstown.

## Death

Hume died in Grahamstown on 1 February 1864.

## Family

Hume married Margaret Pirie on 12 Dec 1829 in Grahamstown; she had immigrated with her father in 1820, aged 11. She had been born in England about 1807 and died on 20 August 1897 in Grahamstown. Details are known of only one of their children - David Robert Hume born about 1841 and married Mary Ann Abigail Thomas, also born about 1841 in Albany and died 17 November 1865 at "Glen Cliff", Bedford.
# Jack Regan (rugby union)

Jack Regan (born 9 May 1997) is an Irish rugby union player, currently playing for the Highlanders in Super Rugby and the Mitre 10 Cup side Otago Rugby. He previously played for Irish Pro14 team Ulster Rugby. He plays as a lock.

## Career

Regan started playing rugby underage at Birr RFC in County Offaly and was part of the Leinster under-age set up.

### Ulster

Regan made his senior competitive debut for Ulster in their 54–42 defeat against Leinster in the 2018–19 Pro14 on 20 December 2019, coming on as a replacement in this match. In March 2020 he was released by Ulster.

### Otago

Regan moved to New Zealand where he joined the Dunedin Sharks and was subsequently signed by Otago. He made his debut in Round 1 of the 2020 season against Auckland at Forsyth Barr Stadium.

### Highlanders

In February 2021 Regan was called into the Highlanders squad as injury cover for some pre-season games. Regan made his Super Rugby debut for the Highlanders on 26 February in a 13–26 defeat to the Crusaders. He made his second appearance in the Highlanders first win of the season against the Chiefs in Hamilton.
# David Lindup

David Lindup (10 May 1928 – 7 January 1992) was an English composer, arranger and orchestrator best known for his collaborations with John Dankworth and his library music (often for KPM).
Lindup composed music for TV series including The Informer, Survival, Journey to the Unknown, The Persuaders! and Diamonds, as well as film scores such as Games That Lovers Play (1971), White Cargo (1973), Shatter (1974), The Spiral Staircase (1975), and the film version of Rising Damp (1980). The library music he composed is usually uncredited in films and TV programmes, although a younger audience is likely to have heard it in recent years; Midnight Serenade is featured in two Electronic Arts video games for PlayStation 2 (The Godfather and The Sims 2: Castaway). That song was also included in the 2018 film The Catcher Was a Spy. The animated series SpongeBob SquarePants is another beneficiary of Lindup's work. He orchestrated the scores for musical films such as Goodbye, Mr. Chips (1969) and Scrooge (1970). The trailer of the film The Full Monty (1997) credits use of Lindup's composition Zodiac, which is played over the opening credits along with a promotional film from the early 1970s - Sheffield - City On The Move.
His recording of the Dankworth-David Dearlove song "Let's Slip Away", accompanying Susan Grey, features as source music in the films Saturday Night and Sunday Morning (1960) and A Taste of Honey (1961).

## Personal life

Lindup was born in East Preston, West Sussex. He was married to Belizean-born British actress and singer Nadia Cattouse; their son Mike is the keyboardist for Jazz-pop band Level 42. Lindup died in Southampton on 7 January 1992.
# Jimmy Richards

James Mervyn Richards (born 11 December 1975) is a Welsh rugby union player. Richards played club rugby for Bedford, Worcester Warriors, Newport RFC, Gwent Dragons, Harlequins and Leicester Tigers. He recently helped by coaching at Beckenham RFC specifically with the forwards.
# Mohammadiyeh (disambiguation)

Mohammadiyeh is a city in Alborz Province, Iran.
Mohammadiyeh (Persian: محمديه) may also refer to:
* Mohammadiyeh-e Olya, Hamadan Province
* Mohammadiyeh-e Sofla, Hamadan Province
* Mohammadiyeh, Falavarjan, Isfahan Province
* Mohammadiyeh, Shahreza, Isfahan Province
* Mohammadiyeh, Tiran and Karvan, Isfahan Province
* Mohammadiyeh, Arak, Markazi Province
* Mohammadiyeh, Khomeyn, Markazi Province
* Mohammadiyeh, Rafsanjan, Kerman Province
* Mohammadiyeh, Sirjan, Kerman Province
* Mohammadiyeh, Kashmar, Razavi Khorasan Province
* Mohammadiyeh, Mashhad, Razavi Khorasan Province
* Mohammadiyeh, Darmian, South Khorasan Province
* Mohammadiyeh, Khusf, South Khorasan Province
* Mohammadiyeh, Tabas, South Khorasan Province
* Mohammadiyeh, Yazd
* Mohammadiyeh District, in Alborz Province
* Mohammadiyeh Rural District, in Yazd Province
# Bu Laia

Bu Laʻia (born as Shawn Kaui Hill in Waimanalo, Hawaii) is a Hawaiian comedian known for his use of Hawaiian pidgin and for wearing a large "afro style" wig and blacking out one of his front teeth while performing. He starred in a cable television show in the early 1990s and released two comic musical albums entitled False Crack??? And Hawaii's Most Wanted. He also attained fame—or notoriety—when he ran for governor of Hawaiʻi in 1994 (when he was too young to legally do so) and again as a member of the Natural Law Party in 2002. He also attracted attention when he was arrested for riding a skateboard at Honolulu International Airport. Bu is pidgin for "Bull". The name "Bu Laʻia" is a homophone of "Bull Liar", a phrase meaning "an outrageous liar". His name is reminiscent of the character created by Hawaiian comedian Kent Bowman, “K.K. Kaumanua” (K.K. Cow–Manure) famous for his "Pidgin English Children's Stories," although Bowman's character uses the pidgin English of an earlier generation.
* This article about an American comedian is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
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# Darreh Zang

Darreh Zang or Darreh-ye Zang (Persian: دره زنگ) may refer to:
* Darreh Zang, Dehdez, Khuzestan Province
* Darreh Zang, Susan, Khuzestan Province
* Darreh Zang, Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad