OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Herero Day

Herero Day (also known as Red Flag Day and Red Flag Heroes' Day, Otjiherero: Otjiserandu) is a gathering of the Herero people of Namibia to commemorate their deceased chieftains. It is held in Okahandja in central Namibia annually on August 26, the day and place Herero chief Samuel Maharero's body was reburied alongside his ancestors in 1923. Accordingly, the celebrations last three days long, although they usually begin on the Sunday nearest August 23.

## Background

The Battle of Waterberg on 11 August 1904 was the final battle of the Herero Wars in what was then German South West Africa. Following the defeat of the Herero force, the surviving Hereros fled into the Kalahari Desert under the leadership of Samuel Maharero. Of the estimated 4–6,000 Herero warriors, only 1,175 reached their destination of British Bechuanaland, the rest died of thirst, hunger, and diseases.
Samuel Maharero gained British asylum at the Bechuanaland Protectorate and lived in exile at Tsau until 1907, and later in the Transvaal. Only after he died on 14 March 1923, was his body relocated to South West Africa. His remains arrived at Okahandja on 23 August 1923, and on 26 August he was reburied there.
Unaware of the role the reburial would play as a commemoration of anti-colonialisation and a symbol of nationalism, the South African administration granted permission for the reburial. The respective ceremony was attended by 3,000 Hereros and by 100 Whites, including high-ranking government officials. Since then, Herero Day is held annually as a gesture of resistance, unity and loyalty, as well as defiance against colonisation, particularly that by the Germans.

## Proceedings

The main event of the 3-day gathering is a procession to several graves of Herero chiefs, followed by a church service. The men wear military-style phantasy uniforms, the women wear the traditional dress of the Herero, a voluminous skirt of many layers with a "horned hat", headgear consisting of two wide points.

## Heroes' Day

On August 26, Namibia also celebrates Heroes' Day, a national holiday commemorating the Namibian War of Independence which began on 26 August 1966 at Omugulugwombashe. The Herero Day assembly typically does not take place exactly on August 26 to give high-ranking government officials with Herero descent the opportunity to attend both events.
# Vladimir Safronkov

Vladimir Karpovich Safronkov (Russian: Владимир Карпович Сафронков, born 29 March 1964) is a Russian diplomat. He is the Russian deputy envoy to the United Nations.
Diplomatic rank - Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary Envoy of the 2nd class (February 10, 2014).
Safronkov's speech at the meeting of the UN Security Council on April 12, 2017 attracted the attention of the world media. The video recording of Safronkov's speech at the meeting of the UN Security Council became a hit on the Internet and caused lively debate in the world about the boundaries of what is permitted for a diplomat.
# Lluesty Hospital

Lluesty Hospital (Welsh: Ysbyty Lluesty) was a community hospital in Holywell, Flintshire, Wales. It was managed by the Betsi Cadwaladr University Health Board.

## History

The hospital had its origins in the Holywell Union Workhouse which was designed by John Welch and completed in 1840. A separate infirmary was added in 1913. The facility became the Luesty Public Assistance Institution in 1930 and then joined the National Health Service as Lluesty General Hospital in 1948. After services transferred to Holywell Community Hospital, Lluesty Hospital closed in 2008.
# Kalnibolotskaya

Kalnibolotskaya (Russian: Калниболо́тская) is a rural locality (a stanitsa) in Novopokrovsky District of Krasnodar Krai, Russia, located on the Yeya River. Population: 5,722 (2010 Census); 6,494 (2002 Census).
# Castiglione dei Pepoli

Castiglione dei Pepoli (High Mountain Bolognese: Castión) is a comune (municipality) in the Metropolitan City of Bologna, Emilia-Romagna, Italy, located about 40 kilometres (25 miles) southwest of Bologna.
It takes its name from the Pepoli noble family of Bologna.
Asteroid 400193 Castión was named after the city by its dialectal name. The official naming citation was published by the Minor Planet Center on 25 September 2018 (M.P.C. 111804).

## International relations

Castiglione dei Pepoli is twinned with:
* Nogent-sur-Marne, France
# Al-Tarthur

Al-Tarthur (Arabic: الطرثور) is a sub-district located in Maswarah District, Al Bayda Governorate, Yemen. Al-Tarthur had a population of 358 according to the 2004 census.
# Ramnagar Fort Udhampur

Ramnagar Fort (Hindi: रामनगर किला) is a fort at the town of Ramnagar in the Udhampur district of Jammu and Kashmir, India. Ramnagar Fort is believed to have been built by Rajput Raja Suchet Singh, who died in 1844. His wife performed sati nearby. There is a Samadhi of Maharani at the site where the sati was performed. The fort was renovated and undertaken by the Archaeological Survey of India in 1972. It is a protected monument of the Archaeological department.

## Architectural designs

The ancient fort is square with polygonal bastions to support its four corners. The fortifications wall and the bastions rise to three storeys and are crowned with battlements and merinos. Around the central courtyard inside Ramnagar Fort, there are cells and vaulted chambers where cannonballs are stored. There are images of Ganesa, Durga, and Hanuman in the gateway. The fort is surrounded by a moat and access to it is gained through a narrow bridge on the southeastern side.
# Kuspuk

A kuspuk (/ˈɡʌs.pʌk/) (Central Yupik: qaspeq; Inupiaq: atikłuk) is a hooded overshirt with a large front pocket commonly worn among Alaska Natives. Kuspuks are tunic-length, falling anywhere from below the hips to below the knees. The bottom portion of kuspuks worn by women may be gathered and akin to a skirt. Kuspuks tend to be pullover garments, though some have zippers.
Though kuspuks are traditionally a Yup'ik garment, they are now worn by both men and women of many Native groups, as well as by non-Natives. The garment was originally made of animal skin or gut and was worn over a fur parka to keep the parka clean. As stores became more common in Bush villages, kuspuks began to be made of calico grain sacks. Kuspuks are now generally made from brightly printed cotton calico, velvet, or corduroy trimmed with rickrack. Today, kuspuks are often worn as a blouse with pants.
Many Alaska legislators and their staff members wear kuspuks on Fridays. The tradition was started by Representative Mary Kapsner (now Mary Sattler Peltola) of Bethel around 2000. The legislative dress code, however, requires that kuspuks be worn with dark pants. Legislators' enthusiasm for kuspuks has contributed to their rising popularity in the state.
Travelers wearing kuspuks have faced scrutiny from airport security screeners the federal Transportation Security Administration because of the garment's looseness and bulkiness. Screeners have asked passengers to remove their kuspuks. Senators Lisa Murkowski and Mark Begich have criticized this security practice as culturally insensitive, as the kuspuk may not always be easily removed, since it may be worn "like a T-shirt or blouse", with no other shirts underneath.
Pope John Paul II was presented a kuspuk as a gift when he visited Alaska in 1981.

## Native names

| language | parka cover | etymology |
| Yukon-Kuskokwim Yup'ik | qaspeq | < qai-peq < qai- ‘surface; top’ + -peq a postbase: ‘one at N’ (compare ilupeq ‘undershirt’ < ilu ‘interior’) |
| Chevak Cup’ik | qaspeq | id. |
| Nunivak Cup'ig | qasper | id. |
| Akuzipik (St. Lawrence Island) | qiipaghaq | < qiipaq-ghaq < 'qiipaq ‘thread’ + -ghaq a postbase: ‘one like N’ |
| Iñupiaq (North Slope) | atikłuk | < atigi 'pullover style parka' + -łuk a postbase: 'something resembling or having an association with a N' |
| Iñupiaq (Malimiut) | atikłuk | id. |
| Iñupiaq (King Island) | uġiłiqaaq | |
# Constitutional Pilsener

The Constitutional Pilsener (Estonian: Põhiseaduse Pilsner) was a beer brand brewed by A. Le Coq in 2007, in celebration of the fifteenth anniversary of Estonia's 1992 constitution and introduced in cooperation with the Estonian Ministry of Justice.
The beer was a bottom-fermented pale lager with an alcohol content of 4.2% by volume.
The competing Saku Õlletehas has denounced this approach, claiming that a pilsener is too cheap a brand of beer to be associated with the Constitution.
The leader of the Estonian Beer Association (Estonian: Eesti Õlleliit), Cardo Remmel, has expressed disagreement with Saku Õlletehas' position and approved the idea of promoting awareness of the Constitution using a beer brand.
In its editorial, Eesti Päevaleht pointed out the hypocrisy of Saku Õlletehas' position, as the latter has been producing a Presidential Pilsener for several years.
# Denis Bokov

Denis Igorevich Bokov (Russian: Денис Игоревич Боков; born 6 October 2005) is a Russian football player who plays as a centre-forward for Dynamo Moscow and Dynamo-2 Moscow.

## Club career

Bokov made his debut in the Russian Premier League for Dynamo Moscow on 25 August 2024 in a game against Krasnodar.
Bokov made his first start and scored his first goal for Dynamo on 28 August 2024 in a Russian Cup 5–1 victory over Krylia Sovetov Samara.

## Career statistics

    As of match played 28 August 2024
Appearances and goals by club, season and competition :
| Club | Season | League | League | League | Cup | Cup | Other | Other | Total | Total |
| Club | Season | Division | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals |
| Dynamo Moscow | 2022–23 | Russian Premier League | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Dynamo Moscow | 2024–25 | Russian Premier League | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | — | — | 2 | 1 |
| Dynamo Moscow | Total | Total | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 1 |
| Dynamo-2 Moscow | 2021–22 | Russian Second League | 6 | 1 | — | — | — | — | 6 | 1 |
| Dynamo-2 Moscow | 2022–23 | Russian Second League | 13 | 2 | — | — | — | — | 13 | 2 |
| Dynamo-2 Moscow | 2023 | Russian Second League | 11 | 2 | — | — | — | — | 11 | 2 |
| Dynamo-2 Moscow | 2024 | Russian Second League | 14 | 8 | — | — | — | — | 14 | 8 |
| Dynamo-2 Moscow | Total | Total | 44 | 13 | — | — | — | — | 44 | 13 |
| Career total | Career total | Career total | 45 | 13 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 46 | 14 |
# Ein Targhuna

32°44′53″N 21°34′42″E﻿ / ﻿32.748146°N 21.578376°E﻿ / 32.748146; 21.578376
'Ein Targhuna (Arabic: عين طرغونيه) or Gasr Targhuna, locally also Hirbet al-Yahud (Arabic: خربة اليهود, lit. 'Ruin of the Jews'), is an archaeological site located near Massah, Libya. It is believed to have been a Jewish military settlement stationed there to defend the area from raids originating from the west during the Roman period.

## Geography

Ein Targhuna is located on the plateau of ancient Cyrenaica. In ancient times, it was traversed by the main Roman road connecting Ptolemais and Cyrene, with Cyrene being located 27 kilometers to the east. The site lies in the extreme northwestern angle of the area of springs, at the edge of a fertile zone. The northeast entrance to Wadi al-Kuf is located nearby.
One of the largest Roman forts in Libya, Gasr ibn Igdem, is located six kilometers to the southwest.
In ancient times, Ein Targhuna's strategic frontier location made it an ideal site for a unit of military settlers.

## Etymology

The name Ein Targhuna (locally pronounced Tarkhuna) may be derived from the Greek word ''Trachon,'' meaning "rocky place." It resembles the Aramaic form of the Greek name Trachonitis, an ancient name for Lajat, a rocky region of Hauran in modern-day Syria, known in Targum Jonathan as ''Targuna.'' Around 7 BCE, Herod settled a Babylonian Jewish unit of horse-archers near Trachonitis, led by Zamaris, to keep the Trachonite brigand bands in check.
"Hirbet al-Yahud", another name used by local Libyans, preserves the association of the site with a Jewish population.

## Archaeology

A menorah representation has been discovered cut into an ancient rock-cut road near the site. Additionally, a cippus (Roman boundary stone) is located nearby, recording the restoration of public land to the Roman state by the legate Acilius Strabo, who was active in 55-56 CE under Emperor Nero.
Ancient rock-cut tombs, described as Jewish, have also been found in the vicinity.

## Analysis

According to Applebaum, the Jewish findings, local Libyan association of the site with Jews, strategic importance, and etymological link to Trachonitis—where Herod settled Jewish troops—indicate that Augustus relocated this Jewish unit to Libya. He further suggests this relocation took place during the last decades of the first century BCE.
According to S. Safrai and M. Stern, Ein Targuna could be one of several Jewish katoikic villages in Libya during the late Ptolemaic period.
# Gonari

Gonari (Persian: گناري, also Romanized as Gonārī) is a village in Byaban Rural District, Byaban District, Minab County, Hormozgan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 259, in 41 families.
# Emilie Lehmus

Emilie Lehmus (30 August 1841 – 17 October 1932) was a German physician. She is known as the first female doctor in Berlin. She founded the first polyclinic for women and children in Berlin.
Her great uncle was the German mathematician C. L. Lehmus and the German poet Johann Adam Lehmus (1707-1788) was her great great grandfather.

## Life

Born to pastor Friedrich Lehmus in Fürth, Germany. Lehmus and her five sisters received advanced educations, unusual for women at the time. Upon completing school in Paris to become a language teacher, Lehmus taught at the Marienstift in Fürth.
Her sister introduced Lehmus to German female dentist, Henriette Hirschfield-Tiburtius, who convinced Lehmus to study medicine in Zurich. Lehmus chose to study medicine, specifically gynecology, to help women who were often afraid to be examined by their male doctors. By the time these women were examined after marriage, it was often too late.
Lehmus received her doctorate with distinction in 1870, becoming the first German woman to receive a medical degree from a Swiss University. Women had been permitted to attend lectures there since 1864, but until this point, most of the female students had been Russian. There were eight other women in her class. It was here that she met Franziska Tiburtius (1842 -1927), sister-in-law of Henriette Hirschfield-Tiburtius.
After school, Lehmus completed an internship with the gynaecologist and obstetrician, Franz von Winckel in Dresden. In 1877, Lehmus and Tiburtius established a women's clinic in Berlin-Mitte at Schönhauser Straße 23/24. Despite sustained opposition, including several court injunctions and slander, their clinic attracted a large clientele. In 1881, the two founded the "Poliklinik für Frauen," which was later expanded into a modern surgical clinic and offered young female doctors in particular training opportunities. Treatment at the clinic cost only ten pfennig and women who could not afford it were treated for free.
Around 1900 she was forced to give up her practice due to her own influenza pneumonia. When the Vereinigung weiblicher Ärzte was founded in 1908, Lehmus supported this initiative with a donation of 16,000 Reichsmark. After giving up her practice, she lived in Munich for several years after the First World War, then with her sister in Gräfenberg near Erlangen where she worked as a pianist. On 18 October 1932 she was buried at the municipal cemetery in Fürth, Erlanger Straße 97.
# Zhamantuz, Shalkar District

Zhamantuz (Kazakh: Жамантұз) is a salt lake in Shalkar District, Aktobe Region, Kazakhstan.
The lake lies about 20 kilometers (12 mi) to the NNW of Shalkar town, the district capital. The Shalkar-Aktobe railway passes 11 kilometers (6.8 mi) to the southwest of the lake.

## Geography

Zhamantuz is an endorheic lake of the Shalkar Basin. It is located at an elevation of 178.7 meters (586 ft). Lake Karakol lies 5 kilometers (3.1 mi) to the north and Tebez 22 kilometers (14 mi) to the NNE of the lake.
Zhamantuz is roughly 3 kilometers (1.9 mi) long and 2 kilometers (1.2 mi) wide. The shores are flat. The lake fills yearly with rain and snow. On average the highest water level is in April and the lowest in October. In some years the lake may dry completely at the end of the summer. The water of the lake is salty, hard and alkaline. A small river flows in from the west.

## Flora and fauna

Reeds grow in stretches of the lakeshore and steppe vegetation in the area surrounding Zhamantuz.
# Bistan

Bistan or Beistan (Persian: بيستان) may refer to:
* Bistan, Chaypareh, West Azerbaijan Province, Iran
* Bistan, Poldasht, West Azerbaijan Province, Iran
* Bistan, a rebel corporal in the 2016 film Rogue One: A Star Wars Story
# Sulemanabad railway station

Sulemanabad Railway Station (Urdu and Punjabi: سلیمان آباد ہالٹ ریلوے اسٹیشن) is located in Punjab, Pakistan.
# Kevin Keller (composer)

Kevin Keller (born April 27, 1967) is an American composer and recording artist known primarily for "ambient chamber music", a style that combines live instruments with electronic effects.

## Biography

Starting out as a guitarist in his teen years, Keller turned to the piano while attending Jesuit High School, inspired by the music of Claude Debussy, Brian Eno, and Harold Budd. As a composition student, Keller composed ballet scores and chamber music, including a string quartet premiered by the Kronos Quartet at the 1986 Festival of New American Music. Keller later studied Film Scoring at Berklee College of Music under the tutelage of Pinar Toprak.
Keller's first solo recording "The Mask of Memory" (1994) came to the attention of radio producer Stephen Hill, who included several tracks on a Hearts of Space program titled "Digital Planet" in 1995. This was followed by a Living Room Concert and feature on Echoes, whose host John Diliberto named Keller's second CD "Intermezzo" as one of the Top 25 records of 1996. In total, Keller has released 13 full-length recordings and several EPs and compilations, working with musicians such as cellist David Darling, guitarist Jeff Pearce and Keller's own chamber ensemble of strings, woodwinds, percussion, and piano.
Keller currently resides in New York City, where he composes music for choreographers such as Dwight Rhoden, Elisa Monte, Amy Marshall, and Ray Sullivan. Keller's works are administered by BMI. His 2012 album "The Day I Met Myself" was produced by Russel Walder; the album won the ZMR Music Award for Best Neo-Classical Album of 2012. Keller and Walder teamed up again in 2015 for their follow-up album "La Strada", which also won the ZMR Music Award for Best Neo-Classical Album of 2015.
Keller's work "A Star in a Stoneboat" (from his album "Across the Sky") was featured on Season 13, Episode 9 of So You Think You Can Dance, in a piece choreographed by Tyce Diorio.
Keller's 2021 album "Shimmer" was named CD of the Month for October 2021 on the syndicated radio program Echoes.

## Albums

* The Mask of Memory (1994)
* Intermezzo (1996)
* Pendulum (1999)
* Across the Sky (2002)
* Gathering Leaves (2005)
* Santiago's Dream (2006)
* In Absentia (2009)
* The Day I Met Myself (2012)
* Nocturnes (2013)
* La Strada (2015)
* Ice Worlds (2019)
* The Front Porch of Heaven (2020)
* Shimmer (2021)
* Evensong (2023)
# Sau Reservoir

Sau Reservoir (Catalan: Pantà de Sau; IPA:) is a reservoir located on the Ter river, near Vilanova de Sau, Catalonia, Spain. The dam was completed in 1962, creating a reservoir with a storage capacity of 151.3 hm³ that covered the former town of Sant Romà de Sau. The Church of Sant Romà is still visible when the water level is low. The dam has a structural height of 83 m and a crest length of 260 m.
# Shokufeh

After the publication of the first Persian women’s magazine Danesh in Tehran in 1910–1911, Shokufeh (Persian: شكوفه; DMG: Šokufeh; English meaning: "Blossom"), the next Persian magazine only for women, was established in 1913. The magazine was headquartered in Tehran and published on a biweekly basis. The editor was Maryam Amid Mozayen ol-Saltaneh, the daughter of Aqa Mirza Sayyed Razi Ra’is al-Atebba, a high-ranking medical advisor at the Qajar court. Almost at the same time, Mozayen ol-Saltaneh founded the Iranian Women’s Society Anjoman Khavatin Irani, which objectives she published in the Shokufeh magazine. She supported particularly the promotion of Iranian products and industry as well as education, science and art among women.
At first the magazine dealt predominantly with topics that concerned mainly women, like equality of rights, education, upbringing, hygiene and ethics. In the course of the work of the Iranian Women’s Society the topics started to be more political, whereby the national independence and the woman's role were addressed. Shokufeh claimed not to interfere in the men's political sphere, but was unable always to keep to it, which brought the magazine under censorship. After Mozayen ol-Saltanehs death in 1919 the publication of Shokufeh was suspended.
# Pannonian Rusyn (disambiguation)

Pannonian Rusyn may refer to:
* Pannonian Rusyn people
* Pannonian Rusyn language
# Sos Alikhanian

Sos Isaakovich Alikhanyan (Russian: Сос Исаакович Алиханян; 26 November 1906 – 26 January 1985) was a Soviet Armenian geneticist and one of the founders of molecular genetics in the USSR. Alikhanyan worked at the Kurchatov Institute of Atomic Energy, Moscow State University, and the State Institute of Genetics and Selection of Industrial Microorganisms. Alikhanyan took active part in organizing and directing the national journal "Genetics".

## Biography

Sos Alikhanyan was born in Baku in 1906. He graduated from the school in Tbilisi In 1930 he graduated from the Moscow Institute of National Economy. From 1931 to 1948, he worked at the Department of Genetics in the Moscow State University. In 1956, he worked at the Kurchatov Institute of Atomic Energy and remained there until 1968. Thereafter, he headed the State Research Institute of Genetics and Selection of Industrial Microorganisms which was organized with his efforts in 1968 and thus remained there until 1975. Currently the institute is a leading biotechnology institute of the Russian Federation and the center of modern molecular genetics of microorganisms.

## Publications

* Современная генетика, М., 1967. Modern genetics 1967, Moscow, Science - 194 pages. (In Russian)
* Селекция промышленных микроорганизмов, М., 1968. Selection of Industrial Microorganisms 1968, Moscow, Science - 391 pages (In Russian)
* Актуальные вопросы современной генетики. Издательство Московского университета, Actual issues of modern genetics 1966, Medical - 601 pages (In Russian)
* Генетика и селекция микроорганизмов. Genetics and selection of microorganisms 1964, Moscow, Science - 304 pages (In Russian)
* Вопросы молекулярной генетики и генетики микроорганизмов изд."Наука", 1968 Questions of Molecular Genetics and Genetics of Microorganisms - 244 pages (In Russian)
* Общая генетика Высшая школа, 1985, General Genetics School Superior - 445 pages (In Russian)
# Albarahima

Al Barahmah (Arabic: البراهمة) is a village is located in Qena Governorate in Egypt, with a population of 43,649 people. There are 22,664 men and 20,985 women.