OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Welsh Rates of Income Tax

Welsh Rates of Income Tax (WRIT) (Welsh: Cyfradd Treth Incwm Cymru (CTIC)) is part of the UK income tax system and from 6 April 2019 a proportion of income tax paid by taxpayers living in Wales is transferred straight to the Welsh Government to fund Welsh public services. It is administered by HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC), but it is not a devolved tax comparable to Scottish income tax.

## History

The Wales Act 2014, which received Royal Assent on 17 December 2014, gave the National Assembly for Wales the power to set a Welsh basic, higher and additional rate of income tax to be charged on people living in Wales.
From 6 April 2019 the UK government reduced the three rates of UK income tax (basic, higher and additional) paid by people in Wales 10p. The Welsh Government decided the WRIT on the Welsh three rates, which added to the reduced UK rates. The Welsh Parliament can set Welsh rates anything from zero to any number in the pound. These Welsh rates are then added to each of the UK income tax rates after 10p in the pound has been deducted from each rate. The reduction in the three rates of income tax by the UK government reduced the amount of tax paid to HM Treasury. If the Welsh rates of income tax are set at less than 10p, the UK Government will recover the money it does not collect from Wales by reducing Wales' block grant. WRIT rates for the 2019–20 year have been left at 10p, so income tax in Wales will be the same as those in England.
The Welsh Revenue Authority collects and manages Land Transaction Tax and Landfill Disposals Tax in Wales since 2018; WRIT continues to be collected by HMRC from Welsh taxpayers as one payment and then transfers WRIT receipts to the Welsh Government. The block grant was reduced as a result.

## WRIT tax rates

The rates in the table are those rates imposed by the Welsh Government. They exclude the standard UK personal allowance and the reduced income tax rates which are collected by the UK Government. Those earning more than £100,000 have a reduced personal allowance.
| Rate | WRIT | Income band |
| 2019 – 2021 |||
| Basic rate | 10% | £1 – £37,500 |
| Higher rate | 10% | £37,501 – £150,000 |
| Additional rate | 10% | Above £150,000 |
| 2021 – 2023 |||
| Basic rate | 10% | £1 – £37,700 |
| Higher rate | 10% | £37,701 – £150,000 |
| Additional rate | 10% | Above £150,000 |
| 2023 – 2025 |||
| Basic rate | 10% | £1 – £37,700 |
| Higher rate | 10% | £37,701 – £125,140 |
| Additional rate | 10% | Above £125,140 |
# Leandro Maciel

Leandro Isaac Maciel (born 29 December 1995) is an Argentine professional footballer who plays as a midfielder for Brazilian club Botafogo-SP.

## Career

Maciel began his career with Argentine Primera División side Lanús, featuring for the club's U20s at the 2016 U-20 Copa Libertadores where he scored and was sent off as Lanús finished fourth. He made his professional debut for the first-team during their final league fixture of 2016, playing the last twenty-two minutes of a 1–3 defeat to Huracán on 22 May. His first senior goal came in a 1–5 defeat to River Plate on 28 December 2018. In June 2019, Maciel was loaned to Aldosivi for the 2019–20 season. After seventeen appearances in all competitions, Maciel was signed permanently by Aldosivi in August 2020.

## Career statistics

    As of 27 September 2020.
Club statistics :
| Club | Season | League | League | League | Cup | Cup | League Cup | League Cup | Continental | Continental | Other | Other | Total | Total |
| Club | Season | Division | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals |
| Lanús | 2016 | Primera División | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | — | — | — | — | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
| Lanús | 2016–17 | Primera División | 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | — | — | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 6 | 0 |
| Lanús | 2017–18 | Primera División | 12 | 0 | 0 | 0 | — | — | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 14 | 0 |
| Lanús | 2018–19 | Primera División | 13 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 16 | 1 |
| Lanús | 2019–20 | Primera División | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Lanús | Total | Total | 31 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 37 | 1 |
| Aldosivi (loan) | 2019–20 | Primera División | 16 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | — | — | 0 | 0 | 17 | 0 |
| Aldosivi | 2020–21 | Primera División | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | — | — | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Aldosivi | Total | Total | 16 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | — | — | 0 | 0 | 17 | 0 |
| Career total | Career total | Career total | 47 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 54 | 1 |
* 1 2 Appearance(s) in the Copa Libertadores
* ↑ Appearance(s) in the Copa Sudamericana

## Honours
### Lanús

* Argentine Primera División: 2016
# Stewart Boswell

Stewart Boswell (born 29 July 1978 in Canberra, Australian Capital Territory) is an Australian former professional squash player.

## Career Overview

In 2003, Boswell had been ranked in the world's top-10 for two years and had reached a career-high ranking of World No. 4, when a mystery back ailment forced him to stop playing. He returned to the professional tour in 2005. On his return, he won six of the tour's lower-ranking tournaments in a row, and two further lower-ranking tournaments later in the year. He broke back into the world's top-20 in 2006 and the top-10 in 2007.
At the 2002 Commonwealth Games, Boswell won a bronze medal in the men's singles, and silver medal in the men's doubles partnering Anthony Ricketts. Boswell and Ricketts again won a men's doubles silver medal at the 2006 Commonwealth Games. The pair won the men's doubles title at the 2006 World Doubles Squash Championships.
During the 2011 Kuwait PSA Cup, where he lost in the quarter-finals to Grégory Gaultier, Boswell announced that he would be retiring as a professional player.

## Major World Series final appearances
### US Open: 1 finals (0 title, 1 runner-up)

| Outcome | Year | Opponent in the final | Score in the final |
| Runner-up | 2002 | David Palmer | 15–13, 15–10, 15–11 |
# Usje

Usje (Macedonian: Усjе) is a village in the municipality of Kisela Voda, North Macedonia. It is located just a few kilometers from downtown Skopje.

## Demographics

As of the 2021 census, Usje had 1,035 residents with the following ethnic composition:
* Macedonians 970
* Persons for whom data are taken from administrative sources 40
* Serbs 15
* Others 10
According to the 2002 census, the village had a total of 845 inhabitants. Ethnic groups in the village include:
* Macedonians 830
* Turks 1
* Serbs 6
* Aromanians 7
* Others 1
# Valtice Wine Market

Valtice Wine Market (Czech: Valtické vinné trhy) is a wine exhibition held annually in the Valtice Chateau riding hall at the beginning of May.
The Valtice Wine Market was first held at the end of the 19th century. The modern history of the Valtice Wine Market commenced in the year 1967, when this wine contest was held for the first time in its present fashion.
Various prizes are awarded at this show: the jury awards one gold, one silver and one bronze medal for each category or variety of wine.
# Duhaym

Abu Sa'id Abd al-Rahman ibn Ibrahim ibn Amr ibn Maymun al-Dimashqi (Arabic: أَبُو سَعِيد عَبْد الرَّحْمَن ٱبْن إِبْرَاهِيْم ٱبْن عَمْرِو ٱبْن مَيْمُون الدِّمَشْقِيّ, romanized: ʾAbū Saʿīd ʿAbd al-Raḥmān ibn ʾIbrāhīm ibn ʿAmr ibn Maymūn al-Dimashqī; born 170 AH - died 245 AH), commonly known by the laqab Duhem or Duhaym (Arabic: دُحَيْم, romanized: Duḥaym), was a Sunni Islamic scholar and judge. He was a sheikh of the prominent muhaddith al-Bukhari. Duhaym is one of the most renowned scholars by Sunni Muslims.

## Biography

Abd al-Rahman ibn Ibrahim was born in 787 CE. He belonged to a family of mawali of the Quraysh, thus his nisba al-Qurashī. He was also known as Ibn al-Yatīm (son of al-Yatim), in reference the freedman al-Yatim.
Duhaym was associated with the Awza'i maddhab (school of thought). He occasionally visited Baghdad and was deeply respected by the prominent scholars Ahmad ibn Hanbal and Yahya ibn Ma'in. He was either a pupil or teacher of Ahmad ibn Hanbal. Amongst Duhaym's students include the renowned Hanbalis Ibrahim al-Harbi and Hanbal ibn Ishaq. Abu Dawud al-Sijistani is reported to have said about Duhaymː "Duhaym is reliable. No one in Damascus was like him in his time".
# Magomed Abdulkadirov

Magomed Magomedmirzaevich Abdulkadirov (Russian: Магомед Магомедмирзаевич Абдулкадиров; born 3 December 1990) is a Russian submission grappler and black belt Brazilian jiu-jitsu athlete. He is a multiple world champion in grappling and a Master of Sports of international class in grappling.

## Background

Abdulkadirov was born on 3 December 1990 in Makhachkala, Dagestan, Russia. At the age of 12, he began his journey in martial arts with freestyle wrestling. Abdulkadirov was first coached by Abdulla Magomedov, then he began performing in traditional jiu-jitsu, and Yusup Saadulaev began to train Abdulkadirov. At the age of 17, he began to consciously train and perform Brazilian jiu-jitsu and grappling.

## Brazilian jiu-jitsu career

In 2013, Abdulkadirov was awarded a brown belt in BJJ by Antônio Rodrigo Nogueira. In the same year, Magomed won the WPJJ World BJJ Championship, which was held in Abu Dhabi, UAE. In 2017, he won the Grand Slam tournament in Abu Dhabi among brown belts. He also won the Sharjah 2017 tournament in Dubai. A year later, he was awarded a black belt under the tutelage of Brazilian master Rafael Haubert.

## Grappling career

In 2015, Abdulkadirov won the ADCC European championship. Between 2014 and 2019, he became the United World Wrestling (UWW) world champion four times. He also won the Russian championships seven times.

### ONE Championship

Abdulkadirov competed against Tye Ruotolo for the inaugural ONE Championship welterweight submission grappling title at ONE Fight Night 16 on 3 November 2023. He lost the match by decision.

## Championships and accomplishments
### Brazilian jiu-jitsu

* WPJJ World BJJ Champion (2013)

### Grappling

* 2015: ADCC European Championship — in 77 kg category (Turku)
# Aleksei Mikheyev (footballer)

Aleksei Andreyevich Mikheyev (Russian: Алексей Андреевич Михеев; born 15 January 1998) is a Russian football player.

## Club career

He made his debut in the Russian Professional Football League for FC Sibir-2 Novosibirsk on 21 April 2016 in a game against FC Sakhalin Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk.
He made his Russian Football National League debut for FC Sibir Novosibirsk on 17 April 2017 in a game against FC Dynamo Moscow.
# Nukhba

Nukhba (Arabic: نخبة) is an Arabic word meaning 'elite'. It may refer to various groups:
* An-Nukhba al-Shabwaniyya, the Shabwani Elite, a military unit in Yemen
* Jaysh al-Nukhba, a military unit in Syria
* Nukhba Force, an alleged special forces unit in the Ezzedeen Al-Qassam Brigades.
# Duane Pomeroy

Duane Pomeroy (born 1952) is a Kansas politician and teacher who has served on the Topeka city council continuously since January 1993, was deputy mayor of Topeka, Kansas under Butch Felker, and then became acting mayor from November 2003 to early January 2004 after a scandal forced Felker's resignation. As a member of the council, he was barred from being selected as a replacement mayor and James McClinton was appointed to the position in December 2003 and sworn in the following month.
As a show of support for Felker, Pomeroy did not use his desk or his office during his time as acting mayor. (He moved in a separate desk and moved the old desk out of the way.) He also did not sit in the mayor's position during city council meetings, instead keeping his spot as the deputy mayor.
Pomeroy was born in Topeka and attended Washburn University, where he received a Bachelor's degree in political science, as well as a teaching certification. He subsequently taught government and social studies at Topeka High School, where he has been dubbed "P-Roy" by his students and athletes. He is also the head tennis coach for the Trojans, as well as the head coach of the school's bowling team, which, as of the 2014–2015 school year, is only in its tenth year of existence. Pomeroy is well liked among students and staff and is well known for his witty jokes and vast collection of ties.
He and his wife Deborah have two sons.
# Arabluy

Arabluy (Persian: عربلوي) may refer to:
* Arabluy-e Bisheh
* Arabluy-e Darreh
* Arabluy-e Yekan
# National Party (Czech Republic)

The National Party (Czech: Národní strana) was a far-right nationalist political party in the Czech Republic. Petra Edelmannová was the last leader of the party.

## Ideology and program

They were strongly opposed to Czech membership of the European Union. Their main objectives were to restore a full national sovereignty by minimising influence of foreign institutions and to toughen the national immigration policies.
The Party proposed the so-called "A final solution to the Gypsy issue" to relocate the Roma population of the Czech Republic to India, based on perceived ethnic origins.
On 28 October 2007 the Czech National Party established a paramilitary National Guard.

## Downfall

Decline in party membership started showing in 2009. Resignation of the party's leader Petra Edelmannová on 1 December 2009 caused a disintegration of party's leadership and speeded up the process of downfall.
The party was dissolved by the Supreme Administrative Court on 17 August 2011.
# Helm of Awe

The Helm of Awe or Helm of Terror (Icelandic: Ægishjálmur, Old Norse Œgishjalmr) is an object in Norse mythology relating to the hoard protected by the worm Fáfnir and subsequently the name of a modern Icelandic magical stave.

## Medieval attestations of the object
### Völsunga saga

A physical object called the "Helm of Terror" is referenced as one item Sigurð takes from Fafnir's hoard after he slays him in Völsunga saga.

### Reginsmál

In the prose of Reginsmál, Fáfnir is described as owning the helm and that all living creatures feared it.

### Fáfnismál

The object is also discussed in Fáfnismál in the Poetic Edda, here translated as "Fear-helm":
| Old Norse text | Bellows translation |
| Fáfnir kvað: "Ægishjalm bar ek of alda sonum, meðan ek of menjum lák; einn rammari hugðumk öllum vera, fannk-a ek svá marga mögu." Sigurðr kvað: "Ægishjalmr bergr einungi, hvar skulu vreiðir vega; þá þat finnr, er með fleirum kemr, at engi er einna hvatastr." | Fafnir spake: The fear-helm I wore to afright mankind, While guarding my gold I lay; Mightier seemed I than any man, For a fiercer never I found. Sigurth spake: "The fear-helm surely no man shields When he faces a valiant foe; Oft one finds, when the foe he meets, That he is not the bravest of all." |
In the next stanzas of the poem, Sigurð refers to the helm again:
| Old Norse text | Bellows translation |
| "Inn fráni ormr, þú gerðir fræs mikla ok galzt harðan hug; heift at meiri verðr hölða sonum, at þann hjalm hafi." | "Glittering worm, thy hissing was great, And hard didst show thy heart; But hatred more | have the sons of men For him who owns the helm." |

## Origin of the Stave

The first recorded appearance of the symbol came from the Galdrakver written in 1670 and recovered from the collection of Bishop Hannes Finnsson by Jón Árnason and rebound in 1865.

## Link between the item and symbol

While it is debated whether the Helm of Awe may have been an actual helm, in Medieval sources, it never references a symbol such as that recorded in the modern period. The meaning of the word used to define the helm seemed to change as years went on, going from a physical object to a voracious trait of striking fear into one with a glance.
# Ransart, Belgium

Ransart (French pronunciation:; Walloon: El Ronsåt) is a town of Wallonia and district of the municipality of Charleroi, located in the province of Hainaut, Belgium.
It was a municipality of its own before the merger of the municipalities in 1977.
# Raokhan wala railway station

Raokhan wala Railway Station (Urdu and Punjabi: راؤخانوالا ریلوے اسٹیشن) is located in Pakistan.
# Kurlovich

Kurlovich (Russian: Курлович) is a gender-neutral Slavic surname that may refer to:
* Aleksandr Kurlovich (born 1961), Belarusian weightlifter
* Boguslav Kurlovich (born 1948), Russian-Finnish scientific agronomist
* Vadim Kurlovich (born 1992), Belarusian football player
# John Cocking

John Cocking (born 13 May 1944) is an English former professional footballer who played as a defender.

## Career

Born in Sunderland, Cocking spent his early career with Gillingham, Crook Town, Alvechurch and Enfield. At Crook he won the Northern League title in 1962–63.
Cocking then spent seven seasons in the National Professional Soccer League (NPSL) and North American Soccer League (NASL) for the Atlanta Chiefs between 1967 and 1973, making a total of 108 appearances - 4 in the NPSL and 104 in the NASL. With the Chiefs he won the NASL championship in 1968.

## Personal life

Cocking was married to Jane and the couple had sons.
# Treviscoe

Treviscoe (Cornish: Trevosker) is a village south of St Dennis in Cornwall, England, United Kingdom. There are large Imerys china clay works nearby.
# Tarkani

The Tarkani (Pashto: ترکاڼي tarkāṇī) or Tarkalani (Pashto: ترکلاڼي tarkalāṇī) are a Pashtun tribe mainly settled in Bajaur District, Lower Dir district, Barawal upper dir and in Kabal and Matta tehsil of district Swat Pakistan but originally hailed from the Laghman province of modern-day Afghanistan. They are settled in large parts of Kunar province of Afghanistan and other parts of Afghanistan. In Kunar they stretch all the way up to Naray district of Afghanistan, and are majority in Dangam, Asmar, half of Gehazi Abad, Marah wara, half of Barkani district (other half being Safi dominated) etc, all districts in Kunar, Afghanistan. they are cousins of the Yousafzai with whom fought battles against Dalzak and Mughals.

## Subtribes

The Tarkani is split into four clans. These include:
* Mamund (Kakazai and Wur)
* Salarzai
* Isazai
* Ismailzai

## Notable people

* Ghazi Umra Khan of Jandol, dubbed the Afghan Napoleon who conquered northern Pakhtunkhwa battling the British Empire in the 1895 Chitral Rebellion, taking British soldiers as their Prisoners of War who were treated with mercy
# Pokrvenik

Pokrvenik (Macedonian: Покрвеник) is a village northwest of Lake Prespa in the Resen Municipality of the Republic of North Macedonia. The village is located over 9 kilometres (5.6 mi) from the municipal centre of Resen.

## Demographics

With the exception of 1981, Pokrvenik's population has declined in every census since 1961 and 2021.
| Ethnic group | census 1961 | census 1961 | census 1971 | census 1971 | census 1981 | census 1981 | census 1991 | census 1991 | census 1994 | census 1994 | census 2002 | census 2002 | census 2021 | census 2021 |
| Ethnic group | Number | % | Number | % | Number | % | Number | % | Number | % | Number | % | Number | % |
| Macedonians | 157 | 98.7 | 130 | 98.5 | 139 | 98.6 | 101 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 65 | 100 | 69 | 98.6 |
| others | 2 | 1.3 | 2 | 1.5 | 2 | 1.4 | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0.0 |
| Persons for whom data are taken from administrative sources | | | | | | | | | | | | | 1 | 1.4 |
| Total | 159 | 159 | 132 | 132 | 141 | 141 | 101 | 101 | 100 | 100 | 65 | 65 | 70 | 70 |
# Thuès-Entre-Valls

Thuès-Entre-Valls (French pronunciation: ; Catalan: Toès i Entrevalls) is a commune in the Pyrénées-Orientales department in southern France.

## Geography
### Localisation

Thuès-Entre-Valls is located in the canton of Les Pyrénées catalanes and in the arrondissement of Prades.

### Transports

The Ligne de Cerdagne and its Yellow train has a station in town, named Thuès-Carança.
# Mai Jones

Mai Jones (6 February 1899 – 7 May 1960), was a Welsh songwriter, entertainer and radio producer.

## Biography

Jones was born in Newport, Monmouthshire, the daughter of the local railway stationmaster. Having won a scholarship to study music at the University of Wales, Cardiff, she went on to the Royal College of Music. Her early successes included being selected as one of the official accompanists for the National Eisteddfod of Wales at Pontypool in 1924. Singing and playing both piano and accordion, she began to make a name for herself as an entertainer in London, and broadcast on radio for the first time with Jack Payne's band. During the 1920–30s, she also contributed the contralto voice to a well-known and often broadcast singing duo called The Carroll Sisters, with Elsie Eaves (soprano).
In 1941, she joined the BBC in Cardiff as a radio producer of light entertainment programmes. Programmes produced by her included Welsh Rarebit and Saturday Starlight. As part of the wartime Cardiff artistic and music community Mai had known Idloes Owen, also a composer, arranger and conductor, who performed with the pre-war Lyrian Singers. Idloes went on to found the Welsh National Opera in 1943. He was instrumental in providing Mai with a musical score written originally by a fellow Lyrian performer, Thomas Morgan. Mai then collaborated with lyricists Lyn Joshua and James Harper to create the now Welsh standard "We'll Keep a Welcome". It had its début on 29 February 1940; the BBC's resident 25-strong male voice choir, the Lyrian Singers, performed the new song. It was an overnight success.
Successful songs written by Mai Jones included: "Blackbirds" (1924), "Wondering If You Remember" (1927), "We'll Keep a Welcome" (1940), "Nos Da/Good night" (1946) and "Rhondda Rhapsody" (1951).
In 1947, she married a singer, David Davies. She retired from the BBC in 1958 and died not long afterwards as a result of a head injury. Her husband outlived her. A plaque commemorating her was unveiled in 2010 at the couple's former home in St Marks Crescent, Newport.
# Tajikistan men's national basketball team

The Tajikistan men's national basketball team (Tajik: Тими миллии мардонаи баскетболбозони Тоҷикистон) represents Tajikistan in international basketball and is controlled by the Tajikistan Basketball Federation, the governing body of basketball in Tajikistan.

## History

Back in the Soviet era, Pamir Dushanbe participated in Soviet Basketball League Competitions, Tajik SSR national team participated in Spartakiads, Boris Sokolovsky played for both of these teams. Tajik SSR-born Dmitri Sukharev was a member of the Unified Team national basketball team at the 1992 Summer Olympic Games.
Despite its active Soviet past, the Tajikistan national team currently remains inactive and the only international tournament that the team participated in was the 2005 Islamic Solidarity Games.

## Competitions

| Year | Rank | Pld | W | L |
| 2005 | Group stage | 4 | 0 | 4 |

### FIBA Asia Cup

| Year | Rank | P | W | L |
| 1960 to 1991 | Part of Soviet Union | Part of Soviet Union | Part of Soviet Union | Part of Soviet Union |
| 1993 | Not a FIBA member | Not a FIBA member | Not a FIBA member | Not a FIBA member |
| 1995 | Did not enter | Did not enter | Did not enter | Did not enter |
| 1997 | Did not enter | Did not enter | Did not enter | Did not enter |
| 1999 | Did not enter | Did not enter | Did not enter | Did not enter |
| 2001 | Did not enter | Did not enter | Did not enter | Did not enter |
| 2003 | Did not enter | Did not enter | Did not enter | Did not enter |
| 2005 | Did not enter | Did not enter | Did not enter | Did not enter |
| 2007 | Did not enter | Did not enter | Did not enter | Did not enter |
| 2009 | Did not enter | Did not enter | Did not enter | Did not enter |
| 2011 | Did not enter | Did not enter | Did not enter | Did not enter |
| 2013 | Did not enter | Did not enter | Did not enter | Did not enter |
| 2015 | Did not enter | Did not enter | Did not enter | Did not enter |
| 2017 | Did not enter | Did not enter | Did not enter | Did not enter |
| 2022 | Did not enter | Did not enter | Did not enter | Did not enter |
| 2025 | Did not enter | Did not enter | Did not enter | Did not enter |
| Total | 0/31 | 0 | 0 | 0 |

## Notable players

* Umed Aknazarov
* Shukur Mansurov
* Villa Ochildiev
# Duffy Cobbs

Robert Stephen "Duffy" Cobbs (born January 17, 1964) is a German-born former professional football player. He played defensive back for Penn State's 1982 and 1986 national championship teams, and one season (1987) in the National Football League (NFL) for the New England Patriots.
He was named to Bleacher Report's "Penn State All-Time Defensive Team".