OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Speed limits in Croatia

Speed limits in Croatia are regulated by the Road Traffic Safety Act (Croatian: Zakon o sigurnosti prometa na cestama).
Four general speed limits apply on Croatian roads:
* 50 km/h (31 mph) within inhabited places, or up to 80 km/h (50 mph) where explicitly permitted
* 90 km/h (56 mph) outside inhabited places
* 110 km/h (68 mph) on expressways (brza cesta)
* 130 km/h (81 mph) on freeways (autocesta)
Lower speed limits apply to buses, heavy, trailer and towing vehicles, and tractors.
The limits shown above apply only if there are no other signs present, as the signs may prescribe a lower or a higher speed limit or enforce a traffic rule that affects speed.
Due to legal requirements for speed measuring, there is a tolerance of 10 km/h under 100 km/h, and 10% above that.
Limits of 100 km/h or higher can also be found within inhabited places. The lowest legal speed limit under normal traffic conditions is 40 km/h (25 mph).
Depending on the severity of the violation, driving faster than the speed limit is punishable by a fine in the amount between HRK 300 and 20,000 (roughly €40–2650). Exceeding the speed limit by more than 50 km/h in a populated area may also be punished by imprisonment of up to 60 days.
# Old Minster, Winchester

The Old Minster was the Anglo-Saxon cathedral for the English diocese of Wessex and then Winchester from 660 to 1093. It stood on a site immediately north of and partially beneath its successor, Winchester Cathedral.
Some sources say that the minster was constructed in 648 for King Cenwalh of Wessex as the church of St Peter and St Paul, though such sources are late and unreliable. More likely it was built c. 660 to be the cathedral for the first bishop of Winchester, the Saxon Bishop Wine, when the West Saxon bishopric was transferred from Dorchester-on-Thames. It was enlarged and redecorated over the years and Saint Swithun was buried outside it in 862. By the 10th century, the Minster was the priory church of St. Swithun's Priory, a community of monks living under the rule of St Benedict.
In 901, the New Minster was built next to it, so close that the singing of the monks inside each is said to have become hopelessly intermingled with the other. Saint Æthelwold of Winchester and his successor Saint Alphege almost completely rebuilt the minster on a vast scale during their monastic reforms of the 970s. The new church, which was dedicated in 980 and again in 993, had a central tower, north and south aisles, a crypt in an eastern apse, and a forecourt at the west. Saint Swithun's body was taken into an indoor shrine in what had become the largest church in Europe. However, after the Norman conquest of England, Bishop Walkelin built a new cathedral alongside and the Old Minster was demolished in 1093. Many of the kings of Wessex and of England (including Egbert, king of Wessex from 802 until his death in 839), as well bishops, had been buried in the Old Minster, so their bodies were exhumed and re-interred in the new building.
The Old Minster was excavated in the 1960s. The outline of the building is now laid out in brickwork in the churchyard adjoining Winchester Cathedral, and Saint Swithun's first grave is clearly marked. Finds from the site may be seen in the Winchester City Museum. The bones of the monarchs removed to the cathedral are housed in mortuary chests around the choir.

## Notable events

* Signing of the Regularis Concordia by King Edgar the Peaceable (973)
* Coronation of Edward the Confessor (1043)
* Marriage of Edward the Confessor and Edith (1045)
* Coronation of Matilda of Flanders as queen consort (1068)

## Burials

* Æthelstan Ætheling
* Ælfgifu (wife of Eadwig)
* Cnut the Great, King of England, Denmark, and Norway
* Harthacnut, King of England and Denmark
* Emma of Normandy, wife of Æthelred the Unready and Cnut the Great, Queen Consort of England, Denmark, and Norway
* Godwin, Earl of Wessex (died 1053)
# Kokaral

Kokaral (Kazakh: Көкарал, Kökaral meaning Green Island) was until 1973 an island in Kazakhstan, in the northern part of the Aral Sea. It had an area of 273 km$^2$ (1960), and its highest point was the 163 meter high hill called Daut. On its northern shore were situated the fishing villages of Kokaral, Avan and Akbasty.
Due to the shrinking of the Aral Sea, the island became connected to the mainland in the 1960s at its western end, and became the Kokaral Peninsula. From 1987 on it became connected to the surrounding land also at its eastern end, over the Berg Strait, turning the peninsula into an isthmus separating the North Aral Sea and the South Aral Sea.
In 2005 the Dike Kokaral across the Berg Strait was completed. The dike stops water from the North Aral Sea from spilling over into the South Aral Sea, and thus contributes to maintaining and increasing the water level in the northern sea. Since then, the water level of the North Aral Sea has risen.
# Eselborn

Eselborn (Luxembourgish: Eeselbur) is a small town in the commune of Clervaux, in northern Luxembourg. As of 2023, the town has a population of 508.
# Master Chander

Master Chander (Sindhi: ماسٽر چندر) was a singer, musical director and poet who sung hundreds of Sindhi language songs.
He was first to sing Kalams and songs related to love in Sindhi Language. Master Chander was born in Tharushah on 7 December 1907. His Sons Gope Chander & Mahesh Chandar are also a good classical singers. He died on 3 November 1984
# Anatoly Makagonov

Anatoly Vladimirovich Makagonov (Russian: Анатолий Владимирович Макагонов; 18 May 1932 – 9 April 2023) was a Soviet and Russian volleyball player and coach who was awarded the honorary title Meritorious Coach of the USSR (1986).

## Career
### As a player

Makagonov graduated from the Azerbaijan State Institute of Physical Culture in 1956.
Makagonov played in Burevestnik Baku. He was made a Master of Sports of the USSR (1956). As part of the national team of the Azerbaijan SSR, he became the bronze medalist of the Summer Spartakiad of the Peoples of the USSR in 1959.
Makagonov was bronze medalist of the 1956 World Championship as part of the Soviet Union.

### Coaching

Makagonov was best known as the coach of the Chelyabinsk women's team Dynamo-Metar (1976–1994, 2008–2010, 2017–2019). In 1993, the team under his leadership in the first Cup of Russia.
Under the leadership of Anatoly Makagonov, the USSR women's student team also won silver medals at the 1987 Universiade in Zagreb.
# Arumosam Wahi

Arumosam Wahi (Fancy Rains) (Sinhala: අරුමෝසම් වැහි) is a 2002 Sri Lankan Sinhala children's drama film directed and produced by Priyantha Colombage with the funds of National Film Corporation of Sri Lanka. It stars Mahendra Perera and W. Jayasiri in lead roles along with Vasantha Vittachchi and Ajith Lokuge. Music composed by Samantha Perera, which was his maiden cinematic music direction. It is the 997th Sri Lankan film in the Sinhala cinema.
The film represented at Jakarta International Film Festival 2002 and 33rd Film Festival of India at New Delhi. The film was shot around Nachchidoowa in Anuradhapura. Ministry of Education approved the film as suitable for school children.
In January 2003, a controversy arose when the film replaced with a cheap, erotic film at a theatre in Avissawella just after three days its release. Director claimed that the replacement was done even without the knowledge of National Film Corporation. The film was withdrawn from all the cinema theaters around the country on January 2 after 13 days of screening. However, the film was re-screened at National Film Corporation circuit cinemas from February 14. 2003.

## Cast

* Mahendra Perera as Bindu
* W. Jayasiri as Circus manager
* Nuwangi Liyanage as Laila
* Vasantha Vittachchi
* Ajith Lokuge
* Sanet Dikkumbura
* Gnananga Gunawardena
* Saranapala Jayasuriya
* Bertie Nihal Susiripala
* Samantha Perera
# Persian Bible Dictionary

Persian Bible Dictionary (Persian: قاموس کتاب مقدس) is a reference of Bible names in the Persian language. Author of the work was James W. Hawkes.
# Estagrotis cuprea

Estagrotis cuprea is a species of moth of the family Noctuidae. It is found in India (including Darjeeling).
# Dogar (disambiguation)

Dogar, Do Gar, Dowgar, or Duger (Persian: دوگر) may refer to:

## Places

* Dowgar, Ardabil, a village in Ardabil Province, Iran
* Dogar, Ilam, a village in Ilam Province, Iran
* Düğer, Burdur, a village in Burdur Province, Turkey

## Other uses

* Dogar, a Punjabi clan
* Abdul Hameed Dogar (born 1944), Pakistani jurist
* Mukhtar Ahmad Dogar (1922–2004), Pakistan Air Force bomber pilot and aerial warfare specialist
* Irfan Dogar (born 1973), Pakistani politician
# Edalorhina

Edalorhina is a small genus of leptodactylid frogs. They are found in Colombia, Ecuador, Peru and western Brazil. They are sometimes known as the snouted frogs.

## Geography

Spital am Pyhrn lies 640 meters above sea level in the Traunviertel. It stretches 16 kilometers from north to south and 12.3 kilometers from west to east. The total area of the municipality is 108.89 square kilometers. Of this, 63 percent is forested and 15 percent is used for agriculture.

## Species

The genus contains only the following two species:
* Edalorhina nasuta Boulenger, 1912
* Edalorhina perezi Jiménez de la Espada, 1870
# MJ Hibbett

Mark John ("MJ") Hibbett (born 19 June 1970) is an English guitarist singer-songwriter, often compared to Billy Bragg and Richard Digance.
With his band The Validators, Hibbett came to widespread online notice in 2000 with "Hey Hey 16K", an ode to the ZX Spectrum and other home microcomputers of the 1980s. The song gained larger acclaim when an animated music video for the track, created by Rob Manuel, was released in 2004. Hibbett later collaborated with Manuel, who directed the music video for his song "The Gay Train".
In 2004, Hibbett gained national exposure in the United Kingdom, on the Steve Lamacq show on BBC 6 Music, by regularly performing "The Fair Play Trophy (Again)", a song whose lyrics were updated for each rendition to reflect the then-ongoing events of the UEFA European Football Championship.
Hibbett's songs have mostly been released on his own record label, Artists Against Success. He is an advocate of the ukulele, which he has used for solo performances.
Hibbett lives and works in London, where he is employed as a database administrator. He holds master's degrees from City University and De Montfort University and attended Deacon's School. He was awarded a doctorate in philosophy at the University of the Arts London in comics studies, focusing on Doctor Doom. This was later published by SpringerLink in 2024 as Data and Doctor Doom: An Empirical Approach To Transmedia Characters (ISBN 978-3-031-45175-1).
# Africa Today

Africa Today is a peer-reviewed, interdisciplinary academic journal with articles about contemporary Africa. It was founded in 1954 and is published quarterly by the Indiana University Press. The editors accept submissions based on original research in any humanities and social science discipline. The journal publishes research articles, commentaries, and book reviews. Past special issues have focused on migration and social class, the future of African artistic practices, and family-based healthcare in Ghana. According to Project MUSE, it "publishes peer-reviewed, scholarly articles and book reviews in a broad range of academic disciplines on topics related to contemporary Africa" and "seek[s] to be a venue for interdisciplinary approaches, diverse perspectives and original research in the humanities and social sciences." It is indexed in CABI, EBSCOhost, Scopus, Gale, ProQuest, and Sage Publications, Inc., among other places.
# Alexandra Permyakova

Alexandra Andreevna Permyakova (Russian: Александра Андреевна Пермякова; born 17 October 1949) is a Russian artist, since 1995 artistic director of the Pyatnitsky Choir.

## Biography

Alexandra Andreevna Permyakova was born on October 17, 1949, in the village of Pervaya Piterka, Tambov Oblast. She actively participated in amateur performances and at one of the song competitions, with her ringing voice (soprano), she attracted the attention of the soloist of the Pyatnitsky Choir. In this group in 1971, Alexandra Permyakova began her creative activity as an ordinary chorus girl, later becoming a soloist of the choir.
Subsequently, Permyakova graduated from the department of pop directors of the Russian Institute of Theatre Arts and in 1989 headed the Pyatnitsky Choir as director. From 1995 to this day he has been its artistic director.
In difficult years for the collective - during the late 80s and 90s - Permyakova, thanks to her organizational and creative abilities, was able not only to preserve the choir, but also to bring it to a new qualitative level.
In addition to her main activity, Permyakova is a stage director for various holidays, festivals, events and ceremonies. She carries out enormous teaching activities: conducts master classes for managers, artists, creative groups and students of theater universities. She made a great contribution to the development of cultural interaction and cooperation between the peoples of Russia, the CIS countries and far abroad.
In 2018, Alexandra Permyakova was Vladimir Putin’s confidant in the presidential election which was held in that year. On January 7, 2023, against the backdrop of Russia's invasion of Ukraine, it was added to Ukraine's sanctions list.
She was awarded the titles Honored Worker of Culture of Russia (1993), Merited Artist of the Russian Federation (1999), Honored Artist of the Republic of Mordovia, People's Artist of Russia (2007), Honored Artist of the Republic of Dagestan (2017). She is also Honorary professor of the Russian Institute of Theatre Arts. Knight of the Order "For Merit to the Fatherland", IV degree (2019) and laurent of the State Prize of the Russian Federation. From 2011 to 2018, he was a member of the Presidential Council for Culture and Art.
# Yim Guechse

Yim Guechse (Khmer: យឹម កិច្ចសែ; born November 20, 1946, in Phnom Penh) is a Cambodian poet and author, who lives in Germany.

## Life and work

Guechse Yim went in 1971 to the GDR and studied at the Karl-Marx-Universität in Leipzig in linguistics. In 1976 he went to West-Berlin and studied library science at the FU Berlin until 1981.
Guechse Yim writes in Khmer. Only a few of his poems were translated into the German, French and Spanish languages. In his works, he treats the corporal love, as well as social problems in Cambodia with many references to the khmer-tradition. In 1970 he published the novel "Ramayana in the dramas", followed by a collection of poems "A decade of dreams". In 1986 his social-critical novel "Good by, rose of Phnom Penh" was published, along with two new collections of poems "Life against the stream" and "Creep among the life". 1988 also saw the publication of his novel "Kolab, the cambodiana", and in 1990 another novel "Shared life". Guechse Yim is engaged in the Studiengemeinschaft Kambodschanische Kultur e. V.. Between 1986 and 2003 he was co-editor of the magazine „Kambodschanische Kultur“, for which he wrote some articles.
# Kjell Kleppe

Kjell Kleppe (December 9, 1934 – June 18, 1988) was a Norwegian biochemist and molecular biologist who was a pioneer in the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique and built the first laboratory in the country for bio- and gene technology.
Kleppe earned a bachelor's in chemistry from the University of Oslo (1955–1958) and a Ph.D. in enzymology from the University of Nebraska, USA (1958–1963). Kleppe conducted research at many prestigious universities, including Cambridge and Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), and in 1966, he joined the University of Bergen, where he founded Felleslaboratorium for bioteknologi (FLB), the first gene technology laboratory in Norway with Professor Curt Endresen. He became a member of the European Molecular Biology Organization (EMBO) and Royal Norwegian Society of Sciences and Letters (DKNVS) in 1984.
Kleppe performed the first PCR experiment in 1969 while working in the laboratory of 1968 Nobel Prize winner, Har Gobind Khorana at the University of Wisconsin-Madison. He described the experiment at the 1969 Gordon Conference on Nucleic Acids. Kleppe published the first description of PCR, a process he referred to as repair replication, in the Journal of Molecular Biology in 1971. Like modern PCR, this early iteration used a two-primer system for the exponential replication of a segment of DNA.
Because of his initial discoveries and ideas, PCR can now be applied to forensics, genetics, and diagnostics. Recently, its most notable use is in connection to COVID-19 diagnostics, as it is able to identify bacteria and viruses.
# Center Theatre Group

Center Theatre Group is a non-profit arts organization located in Los Angeles, California. It is one of the largest theatre companies in the nation, programming subscription seasons year-round at the Mark Taper Forum, the Ahmanson Theatre and the Kirk Douglas Theatre.
Center Theatre Group is led by Artistic Director Snehal Desai and Managing Director/CEO Meghan Pressman. Charles Dillingham was the Managing Director of the Center Theatre Group in Los Angeles from 1991 through, June 30, 2011.
# Xiva

Xiva may refer to:
* Xiva, the Catalan name of Chiva, Valencia, a town in Spain
* Xiva, the Uzbek name of Khiva, a town in Uzbekistan
# Piquirenda

Piquirenda is a village and rural municipality in Salta Province in northwestern Argentina.
# Viktor Frayonov

Viktor Pavlovich Frayonov (Russian: Виктор Павлович Фраёнов) (24 October 1930, Moscow – 4 September 2002, Moscow) was an outstanding music theorist and teacher. From 1956 to 2002 he was a professor of the musical college at the Moscow Conservatory.
# List of localities in Russia named Parkovy

Parkovy (Russian: Парковый; masculine), Parkovaya (Парковая; feminine), or Parkovoye (Парковое; neuter) is the name of several rural localities in Russia:
* Parkovy, Krasnodar Krai, a settlement in Tikhoretsky District of Krasnodar Krai
* Parkovy, Vladimir Oblast, a selo in Yuryev-Polsky District of Vladimir Oblast
# La Casa Azul

La Casa Azul (English: The Blue House) is a Spanish indie pop band that combines many of the qualities of 1960s American pop bands like the Beach Boys and 1970s European disco-pop acts like ABBA with clean, clear production reminiscent of Shibuya-kei. This distinctive sound was created by singer and producer Guille Milkyway, who also writes the band's songs. La Casa Azul release their records on the indie-pop label Elefant.
The band virtually consists of five members (David, Virginia, Oscar, Clara and Sergio) who appear in the band's distinctive, retro music videos, though notably do not perform live; instead, Milkyway sings and plays the songs solo at concerts. Milkyway is in fact the sole performer on the records and uses the band "members" (who do not give interviews and whose last names have never been disclosed) in order to project an image. In 2007, when the video of their newest single "La revolución sexual" was released, it was announced that the five members (sometimes called androids) were going to be relegated to some dancing sequences while Milkyway took lead of the band.

## Eurovision Song Contest 2008 bid

In 2008, La Casa Azul bid to represent Spain in the Eurovision Song Contest 2008 with the song "La revolución sexual". La Casa Azul got a spot into the final of the Spanish selection process for the Eurovision Song Contest 2008, which would take place in Belgrade on May 24. MySpace altogether with the Spanish Broadcasting Television TVE run a preselection event called Salvemos Eurovisión. More than 530 songs were submitted in which the Internet votes chose five of them and a professional judge the other five finalists. Irregularity was claimed on the Internet vote, in which "La revolución sexual" placed second. La Casa Azul finished third overall in the final.

## Discography
### Singles

* "Como Un Fan" CD (Elefant, 2005).

### Albums

* El sonido efervescente de la casa azul EP 10"/CD (Elefant, 2000)
* Milkyway CD (Elefant, 2002)
* Tan simple como el amor LP 12"/CD (Elefant, 2003)
* El sonido efervescente de la casa azul (expanded release) CD (Elefant, 2006)
* La revolución sexual LP 12"/CD (Elefant, 2007)
* La nueva Yma Sumac (lo que nos dejó la revolución) CD (Elefant, 2009)
* La Polinesia Meridional CD (Elefant, 2011)
* La Gran Esfera LP 12"/CD (Elefant, 2019)

### Music videos

* "Superguay" (Domingo González, 2004)
* "Como un fan" (Domingo González, 2005)
* "El sol no brilará nunca más" (Domingo González, 2006)
* "La revolución sexual" (Domingo González, 2007)
* "Esta noche solo cantan para mí" (Domingo González, 2008)
* "La nueva Yma Sumac" (Duprez, 2009)
* "Todas tus amigas" (Nadia Mata Portillo, 2010)
* "La Polinesia Meridional" (Jean-Marie Marbach, 2012)
* "La Fiesta Universal" (Jean-Marie Marbach, 2012)
* "A T A R A X I A" (2018)
* "Nunca Nadie Pudo Volar" (2018)
* "El Final del Amor Eterno" (2019)
* "El Momento" (2019)
* "Ivy Mike" (2019)

## Awards

* Goya Award for Best Original Song, 2010, "Yo también" from Yo, también
# Kwareżimal

A kwarezimal (Maltese: kwareżimal; from Italian Quaresima 'Lent') is a traditional Maltese biscuit, usually baked during Lent. It contains flour, sugar, orange rind and ground almonds (intrita). They are vegan, since they contain no animal protein, eggs, or dairy products.
Tradition holds that the kwarezimal was developed by the Knights of Malta. At the time, sugar was not restricted during Lent as it often is in modern practice, but rather considered a type of spice due to its high cost and humoral qualities.
In medieval Europe, animal products were to be avoided during times of penance. The choice of ingredients may have been limited, but that did not mean that meals were smaller. Neither were there any restrictions against moderate drinking or eating sweets. Banquets held on fish days were popular occasions for serving food that imitated meat, cheese and eggs in various ingenious ways: fish could be molded to look like venison and imitation eggs could be made by stuffing empty egg shells with fish roe and almond milk and cooking on coals.

## History

According to lore, and many Bible scholars, St Paul the Apostle was shipwrecked off the coast of Malta in 60 A.D. on his way to Rome to face trial, and swam safely ashore. St Paul is also said to have introduced Christianity to Malta, making it one of the earliest outposts of the faith.
The era of the Knights of St John reinforced the islands’ Christian tradition, and Maltese culture and social life are heavily influenced by its faith (the islands are 98 percent Roman Catholic). Church attendance in Malta is among the highest in Europe, although it is declining. Many traditional Maltese sweets and pastries are only available at certain times of the year, bound to the Catholic liturgical calendar—such as kwareżimal.
Kwareżimal are a kind of chewy biscuit made with spices and ground almonds, a humble recipe originally made without eggs or butter, because during Lent, abstaining from eating animal products or animal meat was considered a penance. (Sugar was not taboo because it was considered a spice and therefore savory.) The word kwareżimal stems from the Italian word quarezima, referring to the 40 days of Lent fasting.
# Batak Simalungun language

Simalungun, or Batak Simalungun, is an Austronesian language of Sumatra. It is spoken mainly in Simalungun Regency and Pematang Siantar, North Sumatra, Indonesia.

## Phonology

Consonants :
| | | Labial | Alveolar | Palatal | Velar | Glottal |
| Nasal | Nasal | m | n | | ŋ | |
| Plosive/ Affricate | voiceless | p | t | | k | |
| Plosive/ Affricate | voiced | b | d | dʒ | ɡ | |
| Fricative | Fricative | | s | | | h |
| Rhotic | Rhotic | | r | | | |
| Lateral | Lateral | | l | | | |
| Approximant | Approximant | w | | j | | |
/b, d/ can also have implosive allophones [ɓ, ɗ].
Vowels :
| | Front | Central | Back |
| Close | i | | u |
| Mid | ɛ | | ɔ |
| Open | | a | |
Sounds /i, u, ɛ, ɔ, a/ can have allophones [ɪ, ʊ, e, o, ɑ].