OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Rainaldi

Rainaldi is an Italian surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Carlo Rainaldi (1611–1691), Italian Baroque architect
* Domenico Rainaldi, Italian Baroque painter
* Girolamo Rainaldi (1570–1655), Italian architect
* Lidio Rainaldi (1929–2019), American politician
# Nealcidion latum

Nealcidion latum is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Thomson in 1860.
# Cash, Georgia

Cash is an unincorporated community in Gordon County, Georgia, United States. Cash is located on County Road 373 east of Calhoun, and between Sonoraville and Red Bud.

## History

A post office called Cash was established in 1889, and remained in operation until being discontinued in 1903. The community took its name from a sign at the general store that read "Cash or nothing."
# Jiju Township

Jiju Township (simplified Chinese: 吉居乡; traditional Chinese: 吉居鄉; pinyin: Jíjū Xiāng) is a township under the administration of Kangding in western Sichuan, China.
As of 2020, it has five villages under its administration:
* Jiju Village
* Mati Village (马蹄村)
* Geba Village (各坝村)
* Songyu Village (宋玉村)
* Caiyu Village (菜玉村)
# RRP12

RRP12-like protein is a protein that in humans is encoded by the RRP12 gene. It is currently thought to be involved in ribosome assembly of the precursor particles of both subunits in eukaryotes and was identified as a RNA binding protein.
# Jennifer Ackerman

Jennifer Ackerman (born 1959) is an American author known for her ornithology books, including the bestselling book The Genius of Birds.
In that book, Ackerman posits that, contrary to popular metaphors such as "bird brained," birds are actually quite intelligent and think in complex ways. Called a "peppy survey of the science of bird intelligence" by The Guardian, the book was a New York Times best seller in 2017. She followed up on this idea in her 2020 book The Bird Way combining personal observations and a literature review of the latest in bird research to discuss various aspects of bird life. She was the narrator for the audiobook version of both books.
Ackerman is the author of eight books which have been published in more than 20 languages. In addition to her published books, she is also a contributing writer to Scientific American, National Geographic, and The New York Times. She worked for National Geographic for nine years, editing their well-known book The Curious Naturalist. She left that job to write freelance and spent time in Lewes, Delaware, researching the coastal area and writing her book Notes From the Shore which was reissued as Birds By the Shore in 2019.
Her earlier books focus on health topics, from the Strong Women's Guide to Total Health which she wrote with Miriam Nelson, to her book Sex Sleep Eat Drink Dream which uses the framework of a single day to discuss a wide variety of things going on in the human body at various times.

## Awards and fellowships

* Established Artist Fellowship from the Delaware Arts Council (1995)
* Fellowships: Bunting Institute of Radcliffe Institute (1997-1998)
* Alfred P. Sloan Foundation grant (1998)
* Fellowship: Brown College at the University of Virginia (2001)
* National Endowment for the Arts Literature Fellowship in Nonfiction (2004)
* Silver Medal Award for Nature Writing from the International Regional Magazine Association (2005)
* Fellowship: Tisch College of Citizenship and Public Service at Tufts University (2007-2010)
* Whitley Award for Behavioural Zoology (2021)
* National Outdoor Book Award (2023) in "Outdoor Literature" for What an Owl Knows

## Early life and education

Ackerman was born in 1959 to economist William Gorham and Kathryn Joan (Aring) Morton in Omaha, Nebraska. She used to go birding with her father along the Chesapeake and Ohio Canal. She attended Yale and graduated cum laude with a B.A. in 1980. She moved to Lewes, Delaware in 1989 for three years, and then to Charlottesville, Virginia in 1992. She was married to late novelist Karl Ackerman in 1980, and they have two daughters.
# Apaturina

Apaturina is a monotypic genus of butterflies in the family Nymphalidae. Its sole species is Apaturina erminea, the turquoise emperor.

## Description

Apaturina erminea has a wingspan of about 70 millimetres (2.8 in), and males measure marginally larger than females. The uppersides of the forewings are black with an iridescent blue-green base, two white small spots at the apex and a diagonal series of pale yellow patches across each wing. The uppersides of the hindwings are completely iridescent blue green in males, or chestnut brown in females, with an eyespot on each wing. The undersides are quite similar but the basic color is grayish brown, without iridescence.

## Food and behavior

The adults feed on various liquids, from rotting fruits and sap. The caterpillars feed on Celtis latifolia (Ulmaceae). Males are very fast flyers, but settle for long periods in trees, where they perch head down and wings closed, more than 7 m from the ground.

## Distribution

This species can be found in Indonesia (Aru Islands, Irian Jaya, Maluku), Papua New Guinea, Solomon Islands up to northern Australia. In Australia it is limited to lowland tropical rainforest in the Iron Range.

## Subspecies

* Apaturina erminea erminea (Cramer, 1779) (Ambon, Serang)
* Apaturina erminea papuana (Ribbe, 1886) (Papua New Guinea)
* Apaturina erminea mirona Fruhstorfer, 1904 (Buru)
* Apaturina erminea erinna Fruhstorfer, 1904 (Obi)
* Apaturina erminea aluna Fruhstorfer, 1904 (Alu)
* Apaturina erminea ribbei Röber, 1894 (Bachan, Halmahera)
* Apaturina erminea octavia Fruhstorfer, 1904 (Waigeu)
* Apaturina erminea antonia Fruhstorfer, 1904 (Papua New Guinea)
* Apaturina erminea xanthocera Rothschild, 1904 (Solomon Islands)
* Apaturina erminea neopommerania Hagen, 1879 (Bismarck Archipelago)

## Gallery

* Male from Papillons exotiques des trois parties du monde by Pieter Cramer and Caspar Stoll
* Female from Papillons exotiques des trois parties du monde
# Raleigh, New South Wales

Raleigh (/rɑːli/; RAH-lee) is a small town in the Mid North Coast region of New South Wales, Australia, in Bellingen Shire. At the 2011 census, Raleigh had a population of 550. The town is south of Coffs Harbour and Sawtell and north of Nambucca Heads. It is located in Raleigh County and is perhaps named after it. It has one school, Raleigh Public School, which is located opposite a Norco dairy factory. A railway station on the North Coast line opened in 1915, but was subsequently closed and demolished.
| Preceding station | Former services | Former services | Former services | Following station |
| Reptontowards Brisbane | | North Coast Line | | Urungatowards Maitland |
# Hungarian Men's Curling Championship

The Hungarian Men's Curling Championship is the national championship of men's curling teams in Hungary. It has been held annually since 2003.

## List of champions and medallists

Teams line-up in order: fourth, third, second, lead, alternate; skips marked bold.
| Year | Champion | Runner-up | Bronze | Finish at Euro next season |
| 2003 | CC Budapest György Nagy, Viktora Zsolt, Barna Krisztián, Bartalus Gábor, Németh Balázs | | | 17 |
| 2004 | Wallis SC – CC Budapest György Nagy, Viktora Zsolt, Barna Krisztián, Bartalus Gábor, Németh Balázs | | | 17 |
| 2005 | WSC – CC Budapest György Nagy, Viktora Zsolt, Barna Krisztián, Bartalus Gábor, Németh Balázs | | | 17 |
| 2006 | WSC – CC Budapest György Nagy, Viktora Zsolt, Barna Krisztián, Bartalus Gábor, Németh Balázs | | | 14 |
| 2007 | Békési TE- Jégmadarak Lajos Belleli, Riesz Gábor, Ezsöl Gabor, Nyitrai József, Kerekes Olivér | | | 16 |
| 2008 | WSC Férfi 1. György Nagy, Németh Balázs, Rókusfalvy Zsombor, Barna Krisztián, Jakab Zoltán | | | 13 |
| 2009 | BTE Jégmadarak Lajos Belleli, Riesz Gábor, Rókusfalvy András, Nyitrai József, Molnár Gábor | | | 13 |
| 2010 | BTE Jégmadarak Lajos Belleli, Riesz Gábor, Rókusfalvy András, Rókusfalvy Zsombor, Molnár Gábor | | | 23 |
| 2011 | WSC Férfi 1. György Nagy, Ezsöl Gabor, Hall Krisztián, Jakab Zoltán, Zsolt Kiss, Gazdagh Pál | | | 12 |
| 2012 | WSC Férfi 1. György Nagy, Ezsöl Gabor, Hall Krisztián, Lajos Belleli, Zsolt Kiss, Gazdagh Pál | | | 10 |
| 2013 | WSC – Jégfarkasok Hall Krisztián, Ezsöl Gabor, Lajos Belleli, Varga Balázs, Pünkösti Zoltán | | | 13 |
| 2014 | WSC – Jégfarkasok Hall Krisztián, Ezsöl Gabor, Lajos Belleli, Varga Balázs, Nyitrai József, Vaspöri Tamás | | | 14 |
| 2015 | WSC Férfi 1. Balázs Dávid, Bodor Gábor, Czermann Kristóf, Jakab Zoltán, Zsolt Kiss, György Nagy | | | 20 |
| 2016 | Westbay-Vasas Zsolt Kiss, György Nagy, Czermann Kristóf, Balázs Dávid, Rókusfalvy Zsombor | | | 18 |
| 2017 | Jégmadarak Varga Balázs, Riesz Gábor, Ezsöl Gabor, Fóti Balázs, Szabad Tamás | | | 21 |
| 2018 | UTE Férfi 1. Zsolt Kiss, Czermann Kristóf, Dr. Balázs Dávid, Szarvas Kristóf, Tatár Lőrinc | | | 20 |
| 2019 | UTE Ifjonti Hév Gazdag Zsombor, Palancsa Péter, Gubányi Attila, Sámson István, Kalocsay Ottó | | | 24 |
| 2020 | UTE Férfi 1. Zsolt Kiss, Tatár Lőrinc, Kispataki Viktor, Callum Macfarlane, Dr. Balázs Dávid, Czermann Kristóf | FTC DreamTeam | Vasas G-Force | not held |
| 2021 | FTC Dream Team Hall Krisztián, Varga Balázs, Szabad Tamás, Ézsöl Gábor, Fóti Balázs | | | 19 |
| 2022 | UTE Férfi I. Callum Macfarlane, Kalocsay Ottó, Tatár Lőrinc, Czermann Kristóf, Zsolt Kiss, Dr. Balázs Dávid | Vasas G-Force | FTC Fatherock | 20 |
| 2023 | Team Czermann Kárász Raul, Dr. Balázs Dávid, Czermann Kristóf, Zsolt Kiss, Kalocsay Ottó, Callum Macfarlane | Vasas G-Force | FTC Fatherock | . |
# Raheen-a-Cluig

Raheen-a-Cluig is a medieval church and National Monument in Bray, County Wicklow, Ireland.

## Location

Raheen-a-Cluig lies on the north face of Bray Head in Raheen Park, about 300 m (330 yd) south of the beach, with a commanding view over the coastline.

## History

Raheen-a-Cluig is believed to have been built in the 12th–13th century AD. The name derives from the Irish Ráithín an Chloig. This would mean "little fort of the bell", but there is no sign of a fort. Ráithín can also refer to a wall of built-up sods of turf, or it could be a version of raithean, "ferny area". It was given to the Augustines by the then prominent Archbold family. It may have been dedicated to St Michael or St Brendan.
It was partially restored in the 18th century. Over the years it has also been used as a hideout by smugglers, and it associated with various ghost stories.

## Church

The ruins have a doorway in the northeast wall which would have originally held a strong timber door, and round-headed windows in the east and west gables.
There were two smaller buildings close by and so is an enclosure: probably a cillín: a burial ground for suicides, shipwrecked sailors, strangers, unrepentant murderers and unbaptised babies.
About a 400 m (¼ mile) southeast of the church there was a holy well, known as Patrick’s Well. This was still used in the 1830s, mostly by invalids.
# Aricia nicias

Aricia nicias, the silvery argus, is a butterfly of the family Lycaenidae. It is found in the Alps, Pyrenees and from Scandinavia ranging to Siberia and the north of Mongolia.
The wingspan is 25–28 mm. The butterfly flies from May to August depending on the location.
The larvae feed on Geranium species.

## Description from Seitz

L. donzelii Bdv. (80 b). Scarcely so large as the smallest eumedon. Above black-brown with dark discocellular spot and grey-brown fringes; in the male the upperside dusted with metallic blue-green, with the exception of a very broad marginal area, which remains black. Underside grey, the ocelli being but little prominent, on the hindwing almost obsolescent; from the base of the hindwing to near the centre of the outer margin a wedge-shaped white streak. In the high Alps and in the north of Europe, as well as in some of the Asiatic mountain-ranges (Ural, Tian-shan). — Specimens from East Russia (Kasan) are smaller, with narrower border, above more greenish and beneath with a very feebly developed reddish yellow band; this is septentrionalis Krulik. — Egg flattened, pure white, deposited on Geranium in July. The larva emerges early in the spring and feeds in the stalks and buds; full-grown pale olive-green, covered with short, whitish silky hair, on the sides three stripes darker than the ground and on the back a stripe yet darker than these; the lower side-stripes are so arranged that the lowest of one segment is a continuation of the next higher of the preceding segments; the sides reddish at the stigmata, white at the outer edge. Pupa pale olive-green with dark dorsal stripe, the wing-cases very transparent, bearing a minute reddish network and small thin white hairs; fastened low down at the stalks of Geranium (Mc Dunnough). The butterflies are on the wing in July and August, and very closely resemble L. eumedon in their habits of flight, feeding, etc., but are far less plentiful. They occur only singly, usually resting quietly on a high- grown flower of Geranium; when disturbed they settle again after a short while on the same or a neighbouring blossom. Also this species is met with only in single specimens among the crowds of Alpine Blues drinking at puddles, and generally only at a considerable altitude (Stilfser Joch, Zermatt, Simplon, Maloya, etc.)
# Ramalina thrausta

Ramalina thrausta is a species of fruticose lichen belonging to the family Ramalinaceae. It is found in Europe and Northern America.
# Huadun station

Huadun Station (Chinese: 花墩) is a station of Line 5, Suzhou Rail Transit. The station is located in Wuzhong District, Jiangsu. It has been in use since June 29, 2021; when Line 5 first opened to the public.
# John Harshman

John Harshman is a game designer who has worked primarily on role-playing games.

## Career

In 1975, Game Designers' Workshop published Triplanetary by Harshman and Marc Miller.$^{:53}$ Harshman, Frank Chadwick, and Loren Wiseman helped Miller design Traveller and the game was published in 1977.$^{:54}$ Harshman had been working at GDW directing the development of the Imperium, and when GDW licensed Traveller to other companies, he became the contact within the company for these other publishers.$^{:56}$

## Personal life

Harshman earned a doctorate in zoology and moved to California.$^{:63}$
# HyMap

HyMap is an airborne hyperspectral imaging sensor that was developed in Australia and is manufactured by Integrated Spectronics. HyMap data has 126 spectral bands spanning the wavelength interval 0.45–2.5 μm, and 5 metres spatial resolution. It is one of the few hyperspectral sensors that has been commercially deployed, and is thus the subject of a great deal of research in the earth observation field at present.
# Jerman Lepcha

Jerman Lepcha (German Lepcha) was a well known reformist against the Kazi Contractors exploitation of the people of Sikkim. Father of ex Deputy Speaker of Sikkim Assembly Mr. Ram Lepcha and grandfather of Dorjee Tshering Lepcha.

## Early life

Jerman was born on 1 May 1910 in Namthang, Sikkim. He was deprived of higher education because of lack of any school in the village but had functional knowledge of Lepcha language and Nepali language. His name became Jerman from Germon, which in lepcha language means yellow by an error.

## Reform

Jerman was tormented by the exploitation of the Kazi contractors and hence decided to reform against them. He succeeded in abolishing the trend of carrying Kazis in palanquins by locals. He became part of an underground movement launched by Jainarayan Sapkota, Krishnalal Dahal, Khadanand Dahal, Dharmidhar Dahal and Mahasing Limbu. He also became part of non cooperative movement and encouraged the farmers to keep the lands of the Kazi contractors uncultivated and in famine asked people to loot the food reserves of the Kazi contractors.

## Persecution

Jerman was persecuted and tortured by the powerful Kazi contractors, he was tied in front of a tiger to be killed by the tiger but he fought the tiger bare handed and killed the tiger. Few attempts of assassination of Jerman were also planned but he survived. Kazi contractors framed legal charges against him but failed to prove anything against him.

## Later life

Because of Jerman's dedication and contribution to the welfare of the people of Sikkim, he was elected councilor of Sikkim. His work against injustice and suppression are numerous in favor of the people of Sikkim. He is considered a pillar of the democratic movement of Sikkim. His grandson Dorjee Tshering Lepcha is a well known politician of India. His son Ram Lepcha was ex deputy speaker of the Sikkim assembly. Till the end of his life he kept fighting for the rights of people of Sikkim.

## Death

Jerman died on 1 August 1992 in Sikkim. Government of Sikkim named a government school in Sikkim after him to pay tribute to him.
# Rabbit Hill, West Virginia

Rabbit Hill is an unincorporated community in Brooke County, West Virginia, United States.
# Jennie Johnsen

Jennie Johnsen (born 3 December 1977 in Skien) is a Norwegian politician for the Liberal Party.
From 1998 to 2001 she was the leader of the Young Liberals of Norway, the youth wing of the Liberal Party. She was a vice leader of the Liberal Party from 2002 to 2004.
In 1995, at only 17 years of age, she was elected to serve in Skien city council. She held a seat in Oslo city council from 2003 to 2007.
She served as a deputy representative to the Norwegian Parliament from Oslo during the term 2005–2009.
# Jefe (album)

Jefe (Spanish pronunciation:; transl. Boss) is the third studio album by French rapper Ninho, released on 3 December 2021 through Warner Music France and Rec. 118.
In promotion of the album, the rapper will kick off a 19-date tour through France, Switzerland and Belgium in 2022, starting in Grenoble on 15 April 2022.

## Background and composition

The album is described as a "voyage" through the rapper's success story. In an interview with AFP, he explained that people never really know the former life and the hardships of a man that makes it big. He said that no one ever knows the beginning of the story, comparing it to looking at a completed house while dismissing the fundaments. For the first time, he decided not to include any guest appearances on a studio album. He explained his decision by saying that he could have achieved cross-over success in other countries by including features but eventually decided to take the risk and release a solo album. Prior to its release, it was rumoured that American rapper Cardi B would appear on the album but plans were scrapped due to her pregnancy.
Sonically, the album offers a blend of danceable pop sounds and pure rap songs. Some songs were interpreted as a nod to Raï, a form of Algerian folk music.

## Commercial performance

Jefe debuted at number one in France, moving 66,865 total units in its first week, 9,676 of which were physical sales. This marks the second-biggest opening week in France in 2021, only behind Orelsan's Civilisation. Elsewhere, the record reached number 12 in Flanders and number two in Wallonia.

## Track listing

All tracks produced by Fabrice Landry.

## Certifications

Certifications for Jefe :
| Region | Certification | Certified units/sales |
| France (SNEP) | 3× Platinum | 300,000$^‡$ |
| $^‡$ Sales+streaming figures based on certification alone. |||
# Huanaki Cultural Centre & Museum

Huanaki Cultural Centre & Museum was a national museum and cultural centre in Alofi in Niue, which was destroyed in 2004 by Cyclone Heta.

## Background

In 1983 the government of Niue established the Niue Arts & History Project, which aimed to revive and foster pride in traditional customs and craft. The project hoped to enable the establishment of a cultural centre and museum and in 1985 the National Cultural Centre Project was set up.
The museum opened, as the first national museum for Niue, in 1987. It was opened by Sir Paul Reeves, who was the New Zealand Governor-General. It was part of the Department of Community Affairs & Culture. Its official opening was held on 19 October 1989. The centre included a museum, library and reading room, as well as an outdoor amphitheatre for performances, workshops for craftspeople, shops leased to private enterprises and a botanic garden. The museum was administered by the Cultural Affairs Officer, who was supported by a gardener, cleaner and two workers with expertise in Niuean culture. The programme ran a changing display programme, as well as cultural craft workshops for young people.
In the mid-1990s, the centre and museum were partners in the Niue Archaeological Project, led by Richard Walter from the University of Otago, and Atholl Anderson from the Australian National University. In 2003 the organisation received a grant of $20,000 from the World Heritage Fund in order to create a tentative World Heritage list for the country.

## Cyclone Heta

The museum building was destroyed in 2004 by Cyclone Heta. Between 90 and 95% of the museum's collection was also destroyed. The area surrounding the museum was still ruined in 2018. Other damage by the cyclone included deforestation, in particular of Dysoxylum forsteri, a tree used in the building of Niuean outrigger canoes.
In 2018, its replacement Tāoga Niue Museum opened, and its director is Moira Enetama.
# Hugh Owen

Hugh Owen may refer to:

## Politicians

* Sir Hugh Owen, 1st Baronet (1604–1670), Member of Parliament (MP) for Pembroke, Haverfordwest and Pembrokeshire
* Hugh Owen (MP for Bossiney) (fl. 1563–1571), MP for Bossiney and Merioneth
* Sir Hugh Owen, 2nd Baronet (1641 creation) (1645–1699), MP for Pembrokeshire
* Sir Hugh Owen, 5th Baronet (1731–1786), MP for Pembrokeshire
* Sir Hugh Owen, 6th Baronet (1782–1809), MP for Pembroke
* Sir Hugh Owen Owen, 2nd Baronet (1803–1891), MP for Pembroke, 1826–1838, 1861–1868

## Others

* Hugh Owen (cricketer) (1859–1912), English cricketer
* Hugh Owen (educator) (1804–1881), Welsh educator
* Hugh Owen (minister) (1639/40–1700), Welsh independent minister
* Hugh Owen (photographer) (1808–1897), British photographer
* Hugh Owen (topographer) (1761–1827)
# PDF Split and Merge

PDFsam Basic or PDF Split and Merge is a free and open-source cross-platform desktop application to split, merge, extract pages, rotate and mix PDF documents. PDFsam uses a freemium model and encourages buying the full version with popups.

## Distribution system

PDFsam Basic is a desktop application freely accessible both as source and compiled code. It is available as a MSI package for 32-bit and 64-bit MS Windows, .dmg for macOS, .deb package for Debian based Linux distributions, and ZIP bundle for power users' convenience.

## Functionalities

* Merge PDF files selecting entire documents or subsections of them. It provides a number of settings to let the user decide what to do in case the original PDF files contain Acro Forms (Acrobat forms) or an outline (bookmarks) and it can generate a table of contents, normalize pages size and page margins and add blank pages.
* Split PDF files in a number of ways:
** After every page, even pages or odd pages
** After a given set of page numbers
** Every n pages
** By bookmark level
** By size, where the generated files will roughly have the specified size
* Rotate PDF files where multiple files can be rotated, either every page or a selected set of pages (i.e. Mb).
* Extract pages from multiple PDF files
* Mix PDF files where a number of PDF files are merged, taking pages alternately from them
* Save and restore of the workspace

## Architecture

PDFsam Basic is written in Java and JavaFX. PDFsam Basic relies on Sejda SDK, an open source and task oriented Java library to edit PDF files and SAMBox, a PDFBox fork.