OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Othmar Purtscher

Othmar Purtscher (18 October 1852, Schwaz – 12 December 1927, Klagenfurt) was an Austrian ophthalmologist.
In 1876 he received his medical doctorate from the University of Innsbruck, where he was a student of Ludwig Mauthner. Following graduation he continued his education in Paris, London, Berlin and Vienna, where he studied with Carl Ferdinand von Arlt and Ernst Fuchs. In 1880 he settled in Klagenfurt, where he subsequently became chief surgeon of an ophthalmic clinic.
He made contributions in his investigations on the effects of copper in the eye, of erythropsia (distortion of color vision in which objects acquire an unusual reddish hue), and on traumatic angiopathy of the retina, a condition known as "Purtscher's retinopathy".

## Selected works

* Ein Fall von Erythropsie nach Cataracta traumatica, 1881.
* Zur Frage der Erythropsie Aphakischer. 1883.
* Weitere Beiträge zur Frage der Erythropsie, 1885.
* Angiopathia retinae traumatica. Lymphorrhagien des Augengrundes, v. Graefes Arch. Ophthal., 82, 347-71 , 1912 (Purtscher's retinopathy described).
* Ein interessantes Kennzeichen der Anwesenheit von Kupfer im Glaskörper, 1918.
# Rutelinae

Rutelinae or shining leaf chafers is a subfamily of the scarab beetles (family Scarabaeidae). It is a very diverse group; distributed over most of the world, it contains some 200 genera with over 4,000 described species in 7 tribes. Several taxa have yet to be described. A few recent classifications include the tribe Hopliini, but this is not generally accepted.

## Description

Unlike some of their relatives, their habitus is usually lacking in ornamentation, such as horns. They resemble the Melolonthinae in being fairly plesiomorphic in outward appearance. Many species have brilliant or iridescent hues, however, such as the genus Chrysina, and a number of species are serious pests (e.g., the Japanese beetle).

## Behavior
### Feeding

Adult Rutelinae feed on leaves, flowers, and flower parts. Larvae feed on decaying wood, compost or roots.

## Tribes

* Adoretini
* Alvarengiini
* Anatistini (= Spodochlamyini)
* Anomalini
* Anoplognathini
* Geniatini
* Rutelini
Additionally the fossil genus Anomalites from the Priabonian Süßwasserquarz of Nogent-le-Rotrou France has been placed as incertae sedis in the subfamily.
# Kevin T. Bauder

Kevin T. Bauder is a Baptist theologian. From 2003–2011 Bauder was president of Central Baptist Theological Seminary of Minneapolis. Since 2011, he has been Research Professor of Systematic Theology at the seminary.
Bauder was born in Midland, Michigan. Bauder received a Bachelor of Arts from Faith Baptist Bible College, a Master of Divinity and Master of Theology from the now defunct Denver Baptist Bible College and Seminary, a Doctor of Ministry in 1991 from Trinity Evangelical Divinity School. and a Doctor of Philosophy in Systematic and Historical Theology from Dallas Theological Seminary in 2001.
Bauder joined the faculty of Central Baptist Theological Seminary of Minneapolis in 1998.
In 2006, the COO of Every Tribe Entertainment reported to the Federal Bureau of Investigation a blog posting Bauder wrote. Bauder had been critical of the casting of Chad Allen in the production company's film End of the Spear because Allen is gay. No wrong-doing was found on Bauder's part.
# Jayne Bryant (engineer)

Jayne Bryant FREng FIET FWES, is Engineering Director for BAE Systems, Applied Intelligence. She has over 40 years’ experience in engineering.

## Early life and education

Bryant was educated at Maidstone Girls Grammar School, when she decided on a career in software engineering. She began working for Marconi Avionics as a trainee software engineer, undertaking a day release HNC Computing course at Medway College and after two years was offered the opportunity to do an Advanced Avionics Computing Certificate course, which ran for a further year. By the time Bryant completed her training she has a team of 12 graduates working for her.

## Career

Bryant's career as a Software Engineer grew into software management, becoming responsible for a major software development with over 300 engineers before she reached 30. From that point on, her scope increased beyond software and took a more general Engineering and Project Management direction.
Bryant continued to progress through roles with various defence organisations including Chief Engineer at GEC - Marconi Avionics Maritime Aircraft Systems Division; Head of Engineering Strategy and CMMI at SELEX Sensors and Airborne Systems; Engineering Director for BAE Systems, Platform Solutions at Rochester, chair of the EPWG (Engineering Process Working Group) at BAE Systems Performance Excellence and Engineering Director for BAE Systems Defence Information.
Bryant heads up a team of 1400 engineers as Engineering Director for BAE Systems, Applied Intelligence.
Bryant's career is highlighted in the publication "Championing Women Leaders".

## Awards

* Fellow of the IET June 2005
* Fellow of WES in May 2015
* Fellow of the Royal Academy of Engineering (FREng) in July 2010
* Served on the IET Board of Trustees.
* Top 50 Influential Women in Engineering in the UK by the Daily Telegraph and Women's Engineering Society (WES) 2016

## Personal life

Bryant is married and has adult triplets.
# Ruttledge

Ruttledge is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Hugh Ruttledge (1884–1961), English civil servant and mountaineer
* P. J. Ruttledge (1892–1952), Irish politician
* Robert Francis Ruttledge (1899–2002), Irish ornithologist
* Tara Ruttledge (born 1991), Irish camogie player
# Jean Despujols

Jean Despujols (Salles en Gironde 19 March 1886-Shreveport, 1965) was a French, later naturalised American, painter.
He was a pupil of Paul Quinsac at the école des Beaux-Arts of Bordeaux. In 1914 he won the Prix de Rome for painting but the outbreak of World War I suspended the French residencies at the villa Médicis. He had his stay in Rome after the war with his fellow painter Jean Dupas. His associations with America began in 1924-1936 as a teacher of the American art students sent to study at the École des Beaux-Arts de Fontainebleau.
In 1936, he won the Prix de l'Indochine, and was selected by the Grand Conseil Economique of French Indochina to undertake a tour of Vietnam, Cambodia and Laos painting and drawing what he saw.
When World War II broke out he emigrated to America, settling in Louisiana, and is buried at Greenwood Cemetery in Shreveport. The Texas oil millionaire Algur H. Meadows acquired a 360-piece collection of oil paintings and watercolors in 1969 and the Meadows Museum of Art at Centenary College of Louisiana was built to house these paintings.
# Othman (Abu Qatada) v United Kingdom

Othman (Abu Qatada) v. United Kingdom was a 2012 judgment of the European Court of Human Rights which stated that under Article 6 of the European Convention on Human Rights the United Kingdom could not lawfully deport Abu Qatada to Jordan, because of the risk of the use of evidence obtained by torture.

## Summary and final disposition

The ECtHR judgment overturned the 2009 House of Lords judgment RB (Algeria) v Secretary of State for the Home Department. This case involved deportation; inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment; Jordan; memorandums of understanding; retrials; right to fair trial; right to liberty and security; and torture.
Othman, aka Qatada, was born in Jordan and came to the United Kingdom in September 1993. He made an application for asylum and was recognised as a refugee on 30 June 1994 and granted leave to remain to 30 June 1998. On 8 May 1998 he applied for indefinite leave to remain. In April 1999, he was convicted in absentia in Jordan of conspiracy to cause explosions, in a trial known as the "reform and challenge" case, and in the autumn of 2000 he was again tried in absentia in a case known as the "millennium conspiracy". In both cases, Qatada maintains that the only evidence against him comes from testimonies from co-defendants who had been tortured while in custody.
On 23 October 2002 he was arrested and detained under the Anti-terrorism, Crime and Security Act 2001. This Act was repealed in March 2005 and the applicant was released on bail and subjected to a control order. On 11 August 2005, while his appeal against that control order was pending, the Secretary of State served the applicant with a notice of intention to deport.
Qatada was eventually set to be deported from the UK to face retrial in Jordan after a MOU (memorandum of understanding) between the two countries that evidence obtained by torture would be discarded.
The ECtHR found that the deportation of Qatada would not be in violation of Article 3 on prohibition of torture (by itself or in conjunction with Article 13) nor of Article 5 on the right to liberty and security. However, it found that deportation to Jordan would be in violation of Article 6 (right to a fair trial) since there was a real risk that Othman would be retried on "evidence obtained by torture of third persons".

## Aftermath

Abu Qatada was released on bail on highly prescriptive terms on 13 February 2012. He was prohibited from using a mobile phone, computer or the internet, and subject to an electronically monitored 22-hour curfew that only allowed him to leave home twice a day for a maximum of one hour.
During the next fifteen months Qatada was rearrested and bailed again, as the UK government worked their way through the justice system. In May 2013, he pledged he would leave the UK if the UK and Jordanian governments agreed and ratified a treaty clarifying that evidence gained through torture would not be used against him in his forthcoming trial. On 7 July 2013, following the ratification of such a treaty, Abu Qatada was deported from the United Kingdom.
# Jeanne d'Arc Uwimanimpaye

Jeanne d'Arc Uwimanimpaye (born 15 August 1978) is a Rwandan politician. She has been a member of the Chamber of Deputies since 2008. From 2013 to 2018, she served as a Deputy Speaker of the Chamber.

## Life

Jeanne d'Arc Uwimanimpaye graduated in Economics from the National University of Rwanda. Before joining Parliament, she worked as a secondary school teacher, and in local government as a district internal auditor and Public Relations officer.
Uwimanimpaye entered Parliament in the 2008 Rwandan parliamentary election, as one of the six women's representatives for Eastern Province. In 2010, she travelled to the United Kingdom as a Commonwealth election observer of the 2010 United Kingdom general election.
In the 2013 parliamentary election, Uwimanimpaye was returned to the Chamber of Deputies as a Women's representative for Eastern Province. In October 2013, she was elected Deputy Speaker in charge of Government Oversight and Legislation, receiving 70 votes out of a possible 80. As Deputy Speaker, she introduced the motion to allow President Kagame to run for a third term in office, after a petition had attracted 3.8 million signatures:
   The petitioners hail president Kagame for having stopped the genocide and bringing quick economic recovery.
Uwimanimpaye was selected as a RPF-Inkotanyi candidate for the 2018 parliamentary election, and elected to represent Gatsibo District in Eastern Province. She stepped down as Deputy Speaker, and was succeeded by Edda Mukabagwiza of RPF-Inkotanyi. In September 2019, Uwimanimpaye pressed for an investigation into financial irregularities around tenders issued by the Rwanda Agriculture Board, and was also critical of procurements made by the Rwanda Cooperative Agency.
# Jeanne d'Arc Gakuba

Jeanne d'Arc Gakuba is a Rwandan politician of the Rwandan Patriotic Front who served as the Vice-President for Finance and Administration during the Second legislature of the Rwandan Senate. Gakuba holds a Bachelor's degree in Geography and worked as a high school teacher. She decided to run for office after shadowing a councilman of Tucson, Arizona while taking part in a young leaders program run by the US Department of State. She was elected vice mayor of Kigali in 2001 and served in this position for 10 years. She successfully ran for Kigali's senate seat in 2011, winning 80.78% of the vote. She left office in 2019.
# Jeanne d'Arc FC

Jeanne d'Arc FC is a Malian football club based in Bamako.

## History

They will play in the 2008–09 Malian Première Division, the top division in Malian football. They are owned by former supporters of the Bamako club Stade Malien.

### Creation

At the end of the 2006–07 season, a group of Stade supporters broke away to form their own football club, taking the "Jeanne d'Arc" name with them. The name is a reference to one of two defunct clubs which combined to form Stade Malien, Jeanne d'Arc du Soudan (founded 1938) in 1960. In late 2007 this group formed Jeanne d'Arc FC Bamako, which competed in lower division football during the 2007–08 season.

### Promotion

In September 2008, Jeanne d'Arc became champions of the Malian Groupe B league soccer tournament, one of two regional tournaments which promotes teams to the Malien Première Division, and will compete against their former counterparts during the 2008–09 season.

## Achievements

* Malian Groupe B League
** Champions (1): 2008
# 1769 in Denmark

Events from the year 1769 in Denmark.

## Incumbents

* Monarch – Christian VII
* Prime minister – Count Johann Hartwig Ernst von Bernstorff

## Events

* 29 January – The Royal Danish Agricultural Society is founded.
* 15 August – The first census in Denmark-Norway to attempt completely covering all citizens (including women and children who had previously been listed only as numbers) takes place. At that point, Norway included, there 797,584 citizens in Denmark.
* 14 September – The outbreak of the Danish-Algerian War.
* 18– – The island of Møn is divided into estates and sold at public auction in Stege.
** Estate No. 1 (Nygård, later Marienborg) is sold to quartermaster Esaias Fleischer for r 40,550 rigsdaler.
** Estate No. 2 (Fanegjord) is sold to the local farmers for 42,750 rigsdaler.
** Estate No. 3 (Sønderskov) is sold to the local farmers for 30,450 rigsdaler.
** Rstate No. 4 (Nordfeld) is sold tp local farmers for 41,650 rigsdaler.
** Estate No. 5 (Klintholm) is sold to Hans Tersling for 50,000 rigsdaler.
** Ålebækgård is sold to Ålebækgårdskoven,
** Sømarke and the northern part of Klinteskoven (now Liselund) were sold to Mathias Schmidt.

### Undated

* – Thomas Potter, a Scottish emigrant, establishes the first iron foundry in Denmark at Applebys Plads in Christianshavn, Copenhagen.

## Culture
### Art

* Ulrich Ferdinandt Beenfeldt cmpletes the Fenger family portrait.
* The Genger family portrait

## Births

* 22 February – Hans Hansen, portrait painter (died 1828)
* 28 March – Schack von Staffeldt, author (died 1826)
* 3 June – Ludvig Manthey, pharmacist, businessman and landowner (died 1842)
* 24 July – Peter Johansen Neergaard, landowner (died 1835)
* 31 July – Carl Gottlob Rafn, physician (died 1808)
* 17 September Stephan Heger, actor and writer (died 1855)

## Deaths

* 4 November – Andreas Brünniche, painter (born 1704)
* Birgitte Sofie Gabel, noble and courtier (born 1746)
# Ruth McPherson

Ruth McPherson is a Canadian lipidologist researching in the field of cardiovascular genetics and preventive cardiology.

## Education

McPherson graduated from the University of Toronto in 1984 and received her MD from the same university. Her special training was in internal medicine and endocrinology. She received her PhD from the University of London.

## Academia

She was a faculty at the University of Toronto and McGill University prior to joining the University of Ottawa Heart Institute in 1992. She is currently a tenured faculty in the Department of Medicine and Biochemistry at the University of Ottawa.
McPherson is also an Associate Editor of Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology and is a member on the Editorial Boards of the Canadian Journal of Cardiology, Journal of Lipid Research, and Circulation: Cardiovascular Genetics.

## Research

She is the director of the Lipid Clinic, Ruddy Canadian Cardiovascular Genetics Centre and Atherogenomics Laboratory at the University of Ottawa Heart Institute. McPherson had led the discovery of the 9p21 genetic risk factor for cardio-vascular disease.

## Honours

In 2014 she was elected as a fellow of the Royal Society of Canada.
# Ruth Currier

Ruth Currier (January 4, 1926 in Ashland, Ohio – October 4, 2011 in Brooklyn, New York) was an American dancer, choreographer, and dance teacher. She was a principal dancer with the José Limón Dance Company from the late 1940s into the 1960s. She later served as that company's director following Limón's death from 1972 to 1978.
She taught on the dance faculties of the Juilliard School, Ohio State University, Bennington College, Sarah Lawrence College and the American Dance Festival.
# Otto Eduard Vincenz Ule

Otto Eduard Vincenz Ule (22 January 1820, in Lossow – 7 August 1876, in Halle an der Saale) was a German writer, known for his popularization of natural sciences, and liberal politician. He was the father of botanist Ernst Heinrich Georg Ule (1854–1915) and geographer Wilhelm Ule (1861–1940).
From 1840 he studied at the University of Halle, first theology, and later mathematics and natural sciences, of which, he was a pupil of Hermann Burmeister. He then continued his education at the University of Berlin as a student of Heinrich Wilhelm Dove, and in 1845 received his master's degree from Halle. He then taught classes in natural sciences in Frankfurt an der Oder (from 1846) and at the agricultural college in Quetz, near Halle (1848–51). Afterwards, he devoted himself to private research and worked as a freelance writer. With Karl Johann August Müller and Emil Adolf Rossmässler, he was co-founder of the journal Die Natur in 1852, which became the flagship journal of popular science in Germany.
He was politically active throughout his career — in the 1860s he founded an independent progress party for Halle and the Saalekreis. While serving as commandant of a volunteer fire-brigade, he was seriously injured by falling debris and died the following day.

## Selected works

* Untersuchung über den Raum und die Raumtheorien des Aristoteles und Kant, 1850 – Study of space and the space theories of Aristotle and Kant.
* Das Weltall. Beschreibung und Geschichte des Kosmos im Entwicklungskampfe der Natur (2 volumes, 1850) – The universe; description and history of the cosmos in the developing struggle of nature.
* Die Natur. Ihre Kräfte, Gesetze und Erscheinungen im Geiste kosmischer Anschauung, 1851 – Nature, its forces, laws and phenomena in the spirit of cosmic intuition.
* Die Wunder der Sternenwelt, 1860; The wonders of the starry world.
* Die neuesten Entdeckungen in Afrika, Australien, und der arktischen Polarwelt mit besonderer Rucksicht auf die Natur- und Kulturverhältnisse der entdeckten Länder, 1861; The latest discoveries in Africa, Australia and the Arctic polar world.
* Dr. Otto Ule’s ausgewählte kleine naturwissenschaftliche Schriften (4 volumes, 1864–67) – Ule's selected smaller scientific writings.
* Alexander von Humboldt, 1869. On Alexander von Humboldt.
* Die Erde und die Erscheinungen ihrer Oberfläche, eine physische Erdbeschreibung (with Élisée Reclus, 1871; 2nd edition by Wilhelm Ule, 1892); The earth and the phenomena of its surface.
# Ruth Rayman

Ruth Rayman is a Canadian retired engineer. She was the director general of the Advanced Electronics and Photonics Research Centre at the National Research Council of Canada, and the president of the Canadian Photonics Consortium.

## Education

Rayman obtained her bachelor of Engineering Physics and Management at McMaster University in 1984. She went on to complete her Master of Business Administration at the University of Ottawa, graduating in 1991. In 2015, she obtained an Executive Certificate in Leadership from the MIT Sloan School of Management.

## Career

Rayman began her career at Bell Northern Research working with photonics.
From 2003 to 2005, she was the President of the Canadian Photonics Consortium. She also held senior management positions at RCA Electro-Optics, Nortel Networks and Lumonics.
In 2007, she joined the National Research Council Canada, and was the Director General of the Advanced Electronics and Photonics Research Centre. Her work included collaborative research to develop integrated photonics and printable electronics. She retired from her position at the NRC in 2021.
Currently, Rayman is a member of:
* Scientific Advisory Committee of the National Optics Institute (INO)
* Carleton University’s Photonics and Laser Technology Program Advisory Committee
* Canadian Photonic Industry Consortium's Board of Directors
* Invest Ottawa’s Global Expansion Committee

## Awards

Since 2005, Rayman has been a Warden of the Iron Ring in recognition of her efforts to promote women in STEM fields. In 2017, she was chosen as one of McMaster University's top 150 engineering alumni.
# Jefferson Boulevard

Jefferson Boulevard is a street in Los Angeles and Culver City, California. Its eastern terminus is at Central Avenue east of Exposition Park. At its entrance to Culver City, it splits with National Boulevard. North of Sawtelle Boulevard, it merges with Sepulveda Boulevard. Jefferson returns before Slauson Avenue and ends at Culver Boulevard; its western terminus is near Playa Del Rey.

## Education and transportation

University of Southern California (USC) is located on Jefferson Boulevard from Figueroa Street to Vermont Avenue. Its sports center complex, the Galen Center, is located at the southeast corner of Jefferson and Figueroa.
Bus service is operated through Jefferson Boulevard between Playa Vista and West L.A. Transit Center by Culver City Transit line 4, between West LA Transit Center and USC by Metro Local line 38, and east of USC by Metro Local line 102. The Metro E Line serves two light rail stations at Jefferson: one at Flower Street near USC and the other on La Cienega Boulevard.

## Little New Orleans

Los Angeles saw an influx of Creoles of color to the area in the mid-1900s, to the point that by the 1950s a portion of Jefferson Boulevard and Jefferson Park (a neighborhood that ran partially along Jefferson Boulevard) was unofficially dubbed "Little New Orleans". The population was predominantly Creole and held many Creole-owned businesses such as the Big Loaf Bakery, which was considered to be the "only place in Los Angeles that made New Orleans style Baguettes".

## Notable landmarks

* Galen Center
* Shrine Auditorium
# Ouatchi Plateau

The Ouatchi Plateau is a tableland in southern central Togo, West Africa. The plateau is also known as Terre de barre after its reddish, iron-rich soil. The plateau is about 20 kilometres wide and located at an altitude of 60 to 90 metres above sea level.
# Ouavoussé

Ouavoussé may refer to:
* Ouavoussé, Méguet, Burkina Faso
* Ouavoussé, Zoungou, Burkina Faso
# Russell Octagon House

40°43′N 92°34′W﻿ / ﻿40.72°N 92.56°W﻿ / 40.72; -92.56
The Russell Octagon House, built in 1859, was a historic octagonal house in Bloomfield, Iowa, United States. It was also known as the Cook House. Once listed on the National Register of Historic Places, it was removed on June 11, 1998. Apparently it had deteriorated due to the poor quality of its original building materials and the lack of maintenance.
# Otto-Georg Moosdorf

Otto-Georg Moosdorf is a German violinist and conductor.
For many years, Moosdorf was a member of the Gewandhaus Leipzig. In 1971, he finally founded the "Leipziger Kammerorchester", consisting of musicians of the Leipzig Gewandhaus, and was thereupon for many years the leader of the orchestra.
In 2006, he also co-founded the chamber orchestra "Capella Via Regia", of which he was an honorary mentor until 2013.
The cellist Matthias Moosdorf is his son.
# Oum El Adhaim

Oum El Adhaim is a town and commune in Souk Ahras Province in north-eastern Algeria.