OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# TAS1R3

Taste receptor type 1 member 3 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the TAS1R3 gene. The TAS1R3 gene encodes the human homolog of mouse Sac taste receptor, a major determinant of differences between sweet-sensitive and -insensitive mouse strains in their responsiveness to sucrose, saccharin, and other sweeteners.

## Structure

The protein encoded by the TAS1R3 gene is a G protein-coupled receptor with seven trans-membrane domains and is a component of the heterodimeric amino acid taste receptor TAS1R1+3 and sweet taste receptor TAS1R2+3. This receptor is formed as a protein dimer with either TAS1R1 or TAS1R2. Experiments have also shown that a homo-dimer of TAS1R3 is also sensitive to natural sugar substances. This has been hypothesized as the mechanism by which sugar substitutes do not have the same taste qualities as natural sugars.
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## Ligands

The G protein-coupled receptors for sweet and umami taste are formed by dimers of the TAS1R proteins. The TAS1R1+3 taste receptor is sensitive to the glutamate in monosodium glutamate (MSG) as well as the synergistic taste-enhancer molecules inosine monophosphate (IMP) and guanosine monophosphate (GMP). These taste-enhancer molecules are unable to activate the receptor alone, but are rather used to enhance receptor responses many to L-amino acids. The TAS1R2+3 receptor has been shown to respond to natural sugars sucrose and fructose, and artificial sweeteners saccharin, acesulfame potassium, dulcin, guanidinoacetic acid.

## Signal transduction

TAS1R2 and TAS1R1 receptors have been shown to bind to G proteins, most often the gustducin Gα subunit, although a gustducin knock-out has shown small residual activity. TAS1R2 and TAS1R1 have also been shown to activate Gαo and Gαi protein subunits. This suggests that TAS1R1 and TAS1R2 are G protein-coupled receptors that inhibit adenylyl cyclases to decrease cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) levels in taste receptors. The TAS1R3 protein, however, has been shown in vitro to couple with Gα subunits at a much lower rate than the other TAS1R proteins. While the protein structures of the TAS1R proteins are similar, this experiment shows that the G protein-coupling properties of TAS1R3 may be less important in the transduction of taste signals than the TAS1R1 and TAS1R2 proteins.

## Location and innervation

TAS1R1+3 expressing cells are found in fungiform papillae at the tip and edges of the tongue and palate taste receptor cells in the roof of the mouth. These cells are shown to synapse upon the chorda tympani nerves to send their signals to the brain. TAS1R2+3 expressing cells are found in circumvallate papillae and foliate papillae near the back of the tongue and palate taste receptor cells in the roof of the mouth. These cells are shown to synapse upon the glossopharyngeal nerves to send their signals to the brain. TAS1R and TAS2R (bitter) channels are not expressed together in any taste buds.
# Sérgio Pinto (footballer, born 1973)

Sérgio Paulo Vieira Pinto (born 8 January 1973) is a Portuguese retired professional footballer who played as a right midfielder.

## Club career

After unsuccessfully emerging through local Boavista FC's youth system, Porto-born Pinto played almost exclusively in the lower leagues of his country, representing Ermesinde SC, F.C. Marco, Gondomar SC, C.D. Fátima, S.C. Lamego, C.D. Portosantense, Leça FC, F.C. Maia, F.C. Felgueiras and F.C. Lixa. From 1999 to December 2004 he made 143 Segunda Liga appearances, scoring ten goals.
In a 13-year senior career, Pinto also played one season with Football League First Division club Bradford City, featuring in less than half of the matches as the West Yorkshire side finished just one place above the relegation zone. He retired in June 2005, aged 32.

## Personal life

Pinto's older brother, João, was also a footballer. A forward, he played with team and individual success for S.L. Benfica and Sporting CP, also winning more than 80 caps for the Portugal national team. His nephew, Tiago, notably represented Rio Ave F.C.
# Hootie Mack

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | link |
| Robert Christgau | C+ |
Hootie Mack is the second studio album released by R&B group, Bell Biv DeVoe. It was released through MCA Records on June 1, 1993, and featured production from the group itself and some of R&B's top producers such as Chris Stokes, L.A. Reid and Babyface. As the follow-up to the group's quadruple platinum debut album, Poison, expectations were high. Although Hootie Mack was not as successful as Poison, the album peaked at 19 on the Billboard 200 and 6 on the Top R&B Albums. Two singles made it to the charts—"Something in Your Eyes" and "Above the Rim", the former making it to 38 on the Billboard Hot 100. The album was certified gold on August 25, 1993.

## Track listing

* "Nickel" (Chris Stokes, Cyrus Melchor, Jacques Kennedy, Louie Carr; Jr., Ricky Bell, Michael Bivins, Ronnie DeVoe) – 3:17
* "Above the Rim" (Rico Anderson, Ricky Bell, Michael Bivins, Ronnie DeVoe, Mark Wilson) – 3:37
* "Lovely" (Michael Bivins, Carl Bourelly, Louie Carr, Jr., Ronnie DeVoe, Jacques Kennedy, Ricky Bell, Shonda Crable, Mark Wilson) – 3:52
* "Ghetto Booty" (Rico Anderson) - 3:52
* "Hootie Mack" (Kenyatta Williams, Louie Carr Jr., Jacques Kennedy, Michael Bivins, Ronnie DeVoe, Hamilton Bohannon) – 4:08
* "From the Back" (Bret Mazur, Richard Wolf, Ricky Bell, Michael Bivins, Ronnie DeVoe, Shonda Crable, Richard Wolf) – 3:52
* "Show Me the Way" (Jay Wright, Anthony Velazquez, Ricky Bell, Michael Bivins, Ronnie DeVoe) – 3:44
* "The Situation" (Kenyatta Williams, Ricky Bell, Michael Bivins, Ronnie DeVoe, Taina Monges, Shonda Crable) – 5:34
* "Something in Your Eyes" (Kenneth Edmonds) – 4:54
* "Please Come Back" (Fatin Dantzler, Lionel Caviness, Charles Robinson, Jr.) – 4:32
* "Lost in the Moment" (Fatin Dantzler, Lionel Caviness) – 5:27

## Charts
### Weekly charts

Weekly chart performance for Hootie Mack :
| Chart (1993) | Peak position |
| Australian Albums (ARIA) | 3 |
| New Zealand Albums (RMNZ) | 33 |
| US Billboard 200 | 19 |
| US Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums (Billboard) | 6 |

### Year-end charts

Year-end chart performance for Hootie Mack :
| Chart (1993) | Position |
| US Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums (Billboard) | 75 |

## Certifications

| Region | Certification | Certified units/sales |
| United States (RIAA) | Gold | 500,000$^^$ |
| $^^$ Shipments figures based on certification alone. |||
# TFM

TFM may refer to:

## Arts and entertainment

* TFM (radio), North-East England
* Transformice, a 2010 French online game
* The Fame Monster, a 2009 album by Lady Gaga

## Science and technology

* TFM (piscicide), a poison for fish
* TeX font metric, a typeface file format
* Thin-film composite membrane
* Total fatty matter, a metric for soap
* Traction force microscopy, in cellular biology
* Trifluoromescaline, a hallucinogen

## Transport

* Grupo Transportación Ferroviaria Mexicana, a Mexican rail operator
* Transportes Ferroviarios de Madrid, a concessionaire for Madrid Metro Line 9
# Horaiclavus anaimus

Horaiclavus anaimus is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Horaiclavidae.
It was previously included within the family Turridae.

## Description

The length of the shell attains 12 mm.

## Distribution

This marine species occurs off New Caledonia.
# Horaiclavus phaeocercus

Horaiclavus phaeocercus is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Horaiclavidae.

## Description

The length of the shell attains 11 mm and is in a spiral shape which is a trait all members of its Genus share. The way to tell Horaiclavus Phaeocercus apart from other members of its genus is its distinct dark brown upper part of the shell. The shells apex however turns back to the light tan color of the rest of its shell and has a dull point.

## Distribution

This marine species occurs off New Caledonia
# TPK1

Thiamin pyrophosphokinase 1 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the TPK1 gene.
This gene encodes a protein, that exists as a homodimer, which catalyzes the conversion of thiamine to thiamine pyrophosphate. Alternate transcriptional splice variants, encoding different isoforms, have been characterized.
# Hopewell, Cannon County, Tennessee

35°42′50″N 86°10′20″W﻿ / ﻿35.71389°N 86.17222°W﻿ / 35.71389; -86.17222 Hopewell was an unincorporated community in Cannon County, Tennessee, United States. It lay at an elevation of 784 feet (239 m). The Hopewell Baptist Church, which has held services since 1833, remains standing in the area now known as Bradyville.
# Horseshoe Lake Mound and Village Site

The Horseshoe Lake Mound and Village Site is a pre-Columbian archaeological site located on the northeast shore of Horseshoe Lake in Madison County, Illinois. The site includes a platform temple mound and a village site with the remains of multiple houses. The site was inhabited by Mississippian peoples during the Late Woodland period from roughly 600-1050 A.D. The village at the site was part of the settlement system connected to Cahokia; it was a third line community, a class of community distinguished by a single temple mound, in the system. Of the five known third line communities in the Cahokia system, the Horseshoe Lake Site is the only one which is relatively intact. The site also includes substantial plant and animal remains, which indicate that its settlers produced maize.
The site was added to the National Register of Historic Places on November 26, 1980.
# Horseshoe Moraine

The Horseshoe Moraine is the name for a series of moraines that cover much of southern Ontario, west of the Niagara Escarpment. A lobe of the horseshoe moraine abuts the well-known Oak Ridges Moraine in the extreme west of the headwaters of the Humber River.
The 150 kilometres (93 mi) long Paris-Galt Moraines are considered part of the Horseshoe Moraines.
# Jean-Claude Abric

Jean-Claude Abric (26 September 1941 – 13 September 2012) was a French psychologist, professor in social psychology and the former head of the Social Psychology Laboratory at the University of Aix-Marseille.
He had a major contribution to the theory of social representation identifying the structural elements of a social representation and distinguishing the core elements from the peripheral ones. His first study on social representations was based on craftsmen and the craft industry. In his book published in 1994, he gives a broader vision of his Central Nucleus Theory.
He also published handbooks on the psychology of communication.
# House at 314 W. King St.

The House at 314 W. King Street was a single-family home located in Owosso, Michigan. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1980.

## History

The House at 314 W. King Street was constructed in 1890, and reflects a time of growth in the city of Owosso. It was presumably demolished some time between 1980 and 2017.

## Description

The House at 314 W. King Street was a two-story clapboard Queen Anne-style structure. It had asymmetrical massing and fenestration, a varied roofline, and a broad porch typical of the Queen Anne style. The house had a wide variety of surfaces used on the facades, including tongue-and-groove on the entire base of the wood superstructure, clapboard on most of the facades, fish-scale shingling on the gables, vertical panelling on the underside of the overhanging eaves, and diamond carved wood lintels over the windows. On the front facade, there was a tri-sided bay, with a stained glass center window surrounded by decorative spandrels.
# R. K. Shriramkumar

R. K. Shriramkumar (born 4 October 1966) is a virtuoso violinist and accompanist of the Carnatic Music (South Indian classical music). He hails from the Rudrapatna family of musicians from Karnataka. He is the grandson of the violinist R. K. Venkatarama Shastri and grand-nephew of R. K. Srikanthan.

## Introduction

Rudrapatna Krishnamurthy Shriramkumar was born on 4 October 1966, to Kusuma Krishnamurthy and R. V. Krishnamurthy. His grandfather was the violinist R. K. Venkatarama Shastri, the brother and guru of R. K. Srikantan. He received his initial training from Savitri Satyamurthy and advanced tutelage under his grandfather, R. K. Venkatarama Shastri. He also trained in Vocal Music under D. K. Jayaraman and presently receives guidance from V.V. Subrahmanyam.
Shriramkumar attended the Padma Seshadri Bala Bhavan school in Chennai, Tamil Nadu.

## Performing career

Besides solo concerts, Shriramkumar has also accompanied various artists including D. K. Jayaraman, D. K. Pattammal, M. S. Subbulakshmi, K. V. Narayanaswamy, Semmangudi Srinivasa Iyer, T. Brinda, T. Viswanathan and S. Balachander.
In a performing career spanning more than two decades, he has performed for organisations and festivals in India, including Tyagaraja Aradhana festival, Madras Music Academy, Shanmukhananda Sangita Sabha, Sangeet Natak Akademi, the ICCR, the ITC Sangeet Sammelan, the Rajiv Gandhi Foundation, the All India Radio and Doordarshan.
He has also performed at the Rashtrapati Bhavan, New Delhi, accompanying Geeta Rajashekhar in 1988 and Semmangudi Srinivasa Iyer in 1995, in the presence of the then Prime Minister of India Rajiv Gandhi and the then Presidents of India, R. Venkataraman and Shankar Dayal Sharma.
He has toured the United States, Australia, Canada, UK, Europe, Singapore, Malaysia, Mauritius, Sri Lanka and Muscat, accompanying Geetha Rajashekar, Vijay Siva, Sanjay Subrahmanyan, K. V. Narayanaswamy, S. Balachander, T. N. Seshagopalan, N. Ravikiran, P. Unnikrishnan and T. M. Krishna. He has performed for the Theatre De la Ville at Paris accompanying Sanjay Subrahmanyan.
He is a teacher to many upcoming musicians, including Amritha Murali.

## Personal life

Shriramkumar is a graduate in Mathematics from the Madras University. He teaches both violin and carnatic vocal music in Chennai, Tamil Nadu. He frequents many concerts in his free time and travels the world on a yearly basis for many prominent artists. He also considers both D. K. Pattammal and M. S. Subbulakshmi as his Gurus. In February 2009, Shriramkumar was married to his wife Akila.
# R214 road (Ireland)

The R214 road is a regional road in Ireland which links Castleshane with the Republic of Ireland–United Kingdom border, after which the road becomes the B3 in County Armagh. The road is 4.2 km (2.6 mi) long.
# R212 road (Ireland)

The R212 road is a regional road in Ireland which links Cavan in County Cavan with Clones in County Monaghan. The road passes through the villages of Pullamore, Drumherrish, Regaskin, Ballyhaise and Scotshouse. The road is 28.3 km (17.6 mi) long.
# Jean-Claude Gardin

Jean-Claude Gardin (3 April 1925 – 8 April 2013) was a French archaeologist who is recognized as being one of the founders of archaeological computing.
Gardin worked with the organizations UNESCO and the European Atomic Energy Community in the 1950s to the 1960s, leading the creation of an indexing language, the SYNTOL (Syntagmatic Organization Language). He founded the Centre Mécanographique de Documentation Archéologique at French National Center for Scientific Research in 1957. He participated in the excavation of ancient Bactrian sites in Afghanistan. He also contributed to the contemporary debates on the theory of archaeology and of the social sciences.
In 1989 he married the American actress Josephine Chaplin, a daughter of Charlie Chaplin.
# Hotarumachi

Hotarumachi (ほたるまち, Hotarumachi) is a mixed-use redevelopment project in Fukushima-ku ward of Osaka City, Japan, located on the former site of Osaka University Hospital.

## Facilities

* Headquarters of Asahi Broadcasting Corporation
    ABC Hall
* Dōjima River Forum (hall)
* The Tower Osaka (residential)
* River Residence Dōjima (residential)
    Keio University satellite campus
    Osaka University of Arts satellite campus
* Dōjima Crosswalk (shops, restaurants)
    Gold's Gym

## Neighbouring public facilities

* Osaka Nakanoshima Combined Government Office Building
* National Museum of Art, Osaka
* Osaka Science Museum
* Osaka International Convention Center

## Transport links

* Keihan Electric Railway Nakanoshima Line Nakanoshima Station (3-5 mins walk)
* Hanshin Electric Railway Main Line Fukushima Station (5-10 mins walk)
* JR Tōzai Line Shin-Fukushima Station (5-10 mins walk)
# Jean-Marc Holder

Jean-Marc Holder (born 2 September 1962) is a Trinidad and Tobago sailor. He competed in the Finn event at the 1984 Summer Olympics.
# Jean-Marc Hamel

Jean-Marc Hamel, OC (February 19, 1925 – May 24, 2024) was a Canadian government official. He was the Chief Electoral Officer from 1966 to 1990.
Born in Lotbinière, Quebec, he received a Bachelor of Commerce degree in 1948 and a Master of Commerce degree in 1949 from Université Laval. He received a M.P.A. from Syracuse University in 1956.
In 1990, he was made an Officer of the Order of Canada for "his ability to work with political parties, candidates, the media and the general public helped to foster the atmosphere of confidence now associated with the entire Canadian electoral system".
Hamel was predeceased by his wife Jacqueline in April 2002. He died on May 24, 2024, at the age of 99.
# Jean-Baptiste Greppo

Jean-Baptiste Greppo (17 May 1712, in Lyon – 13 June 1767, in Saint-Paul) was a French canon known for his archaeological studies associated with the ancient walls (fortifications) of Lyon.

## Biography

He received his education at Collège de la Trinité in Lyon, and later taught classes in humanities at several colleges, including at Mâcon and Besançon. Afterwards, he returned to Lyon, joining the prefecture at Trinity College. Due to ill health, he had to resign this post, and in 1745, became a priest at St. Paul's Church in Lyon.
From 1749 to 1767 he was a member of the Académie des sciences, belles-lettres et arts de Lyon.

## Literary works

* Observations sur la méthode de M. Duhamel pour la conservation des grains, 1753 — Observations on the method of Henri-Louis Duhamel du Monceau for the conservation of grains.
* De la Théorie de la terre relativement aux effets du déluge, 1760 — On the terrestrial theory regarding the effects of the flood.
* De la construction des murs et fortifications de Lyon (imprimé dans les Archives du Rhône). — On the construction of walls and fortifications of Lyon.
# Jean-Baptiste Gramaye

Jean-Baptiste Gramaye (Antwerp, 1579 - Lübeck, 1635) was an early modern historian of the Southern Netherlands. He studied law and became a professor at Leuven University. Later he was employed as court historian by Albert VII, Archduke of Austria. For five months in 1619 he was a prisoner in Barbary, an experience that changed the focus of his scholarship from the Low Countries to Africa.

## Works

* Andromede Belgica dicta Alberto Austriaco, Isabellae Clarae Eugeniae acta a Falconis alumnis, tertio ab inauguratis principibus die (Leuven, Laurence Kellam, 1600)
* Asia, sive historia universalis Asiaticarum gentium et rerum domi forisque gestarum (Brussels, Widow and Heirs of Joannes Bellerus, 1604) Available on Google Books
* Gallo-Brabantia (Brussels, Jan Mommaert, 1606) Available on Google Books
* Bruxella cum suo comitatu (Brussels, Jan Mommaert, 1606) Available on Google Books
* Thenae et Brabantia ultra velpam quae olim Hasbaniae pars (Brussels, Jan Mommaert, 1606) Available on Google Books
* Arscotum Ducatus cum suis Baronatibus (Brussels, Jan Mommaert, 1606) Available on Google Books
* Historia Brabantica (Leuven, Joannes Masius, 1607) Available on Google Books
* Antverpiae antiquitates (Brussels, Jan Mommaert, 1610) Available on Google Books
* Antiquitates illustrissimi ducatus Brabantiae (Brussels, Jan Mommaert, 1610) Available on Google Books
* Taxandria (Brussels, Rutger Velpius, 1610) Available on Google Books
* Flandria Franca (Lille, Christophe Beys, 1612) Available on Google Books
* Rerum Duacensium Libri Tres (Douai, Jan Bogard; Antwerp, Hieronymus Verdussen; etc., 1618) Available on Google Books
* Africae illustratae libri decem (Tournai, Adrien Quinque, 1622) Available on Google Books
* Specimen linguarum et litterarum orbis nostri (Leuven, Joannes Masius, 1622) Available in Bibliothèque nationale de France
* Diarium rerum Argelae gestarum ab anno MDCXIX (Cologne, Albinus Dusseldorpff, 1623) Available on Google Books
* Respublica Namurcensis, Hannoniae et Lutsenburgensis (Amsterdam, Jan Janssens, 1634) Available on Google Books
* Antiquitates belgicae, published posthumously, 1708.
# R482 road (Ireland)

The R482 road is a regional road in Ireland. It is a loop road from the N67 in County Clare. The road is part of the Wild Atlantic Way.
The R482 travels southwest from the N67 to Spanish Point. After Spanish Point, the road turns south before rejoining the N67. The R482 is 4.4 km (2.7 mi) long.
# Hourglass (Goddard novel)

Hourglass is the debut novel by British writer Keiran Goddard. It was published in the UK by Hachette, Little, Brown and by E/O in Italy and the United States, the novel was listed for the Desmond Elliott Prize, and praised by The Guardian, The Financial Times, The New Statesman and The Irish Times. The sequel, I See Buildings Fall Like Lightning, will be published internationally in 2023.
# House of Nakashidze

The House of Nakashidze (Georgian: ნაკაშიძე) is a noble family in Georgia, one of the princely houses hailing from the province of Guria.

## History

In the Principality of Guria, they held the hereditary office of Receivers of Ambassadors, as well as the bailiffship (mouravi) of Shemokmedi, Ozurgeti, and Chochkhati. After the Russian annexation of Guria (1828), the family was received among the princely nobility of the Russian Empire (December 6, 1850). The family produced several military figures and bureaucrats in the Imperial Russian service into the 20th century.

## Notable members

* Liza Nakashidze-Bolkvadze (1885–1938), a Social-Democratic politician
* Nino Nakashidze (1872–1963), a writer
* Iveri Nakashidze (2006)
* Prince Alexander Davidovich Nakashidze (1837 – 1905), Russian imperial general
* Prince Mikhail Alexandrovich Nakashidze (1873 – 1906), Russian imperial officer
* Giorgi Nakashidze (born 1971), Georgian actor
# Horto

Horto is a community of 621 families in the South Zone of Rio de Janeiro. It is not officially recognized as a neighborhood. It is located in Jardim Botânico, near Gávea, and Lagoa. The property is worth an estimated $3.29 billion.
The community was first established in 1808 when King João VI invited the slaves and workers building the botanical garden to live on the property. Employees of the garden along with their families and descendants have lived there ever since. During the 2016 Rio Olympics residents of Horto were served with eviction notices; with the Garden claiming the land was needed for a research institute. The residents felt they were being evicted due to being poor black people in a wealthy neighborhood; and no arrangements have been made for them to receive compensation or alternate housing. Residents are planning to resist the evictions, much the way the residents of Vila Autódromo also resisted the destruction of their favela.