OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Royal Wharf

Royal Wharf is a residential and commercial development in Newham, London located on the north bank of the River Thames. It is built on the former site of Minoco Wharf and is near the Thames Barrier, west of Thames Barrier Park, and close to both West Silvertown and Pontoon Dock DLR stations.
The development is a joint venture between Ballymore Group and Singapore listed Oxley Holdings. It includes 3,385 residential units and 10,000 square metres of retail and commercial space.

## History

The 15.2-hectare (38-acre) site was originally developed as an industrial works at the end of the nineteenth century and was also used for the manufacture of TNT during the First World War. Following this, the site was used by Shell UK for a period as an oil storage and refining site. This came to an end in the 1990s, when the site was left vacant.

### Silvertown explosion

Royal Wharf sits on the site of the Silvertown explosion, a large explosion at a munitions factory on 19 January 1917 which killed 73 people and injured more than 400, and caused substantial damage to the local area. As part of the development, the Silvertown War Memorial was relocated to Royal Wharf Gardens, in the centre of the development.

## Development

In 2012, following a comprehensive consultation process with Newham Council officers, the Thames Gateway Development Corporation and local community stakeholders (including local groups and individual residents), planning permission was granted to redevelop the site with a mixed-use scheme, delivering 3,385 new homes, a new primary school, leisure facilities and retail and commercial office space.
As of 2021, the development is nearly completed, with two blocks remaining. The Uber Boat by Thames Clippers riverboat pier and Royal Wharf Primary School opened in 2020. The estimated number of occupants once the development is fully complete is around 10,000.
Ballymore is also developing the adjacent riverfront site to the west, Riverscape, to provide 769 homes.

## Transport

West Silvertown and Pontoon Dock are the nearest stations on the Docklands Light Railway. London bus route 241 serves the housing development.
The site is served by Uber Boat by Thames Clippers catamaran services from a new pier designed by Nex Architects. The service started on 18 October 2019 and of February 2020 is only served during peak hours.
# One Way Road

One Way Road may refer to;
* "One Way Road", a song by G.E.M. from Heartbeat, 2015
* "One Way Road", a song by the John Butler Trio from April Uprising, 2010
* "One Way Road", song by Oasis from Who Feels Love?, 2000
# Opedal

Opedal is a place and surname in Norway. Notable people by that name include:
* Anders Opedal (born 1964), former chief operating officer of Norwegian oil and gas company Statoil.
* Dag J. Opedal (born 1959), Norwegian businessman and former CEO of Orkla Group.
# Royals

Royals may refer to:

## Entertainment

* The Royals (band), a Jamaican reggae vocal group
* The Royals, original name of The Midnighters
* "Royals" (Lorde song), 2013
* "Royals" (Paul Rey song), 2023
* The Royals (TV series), a 2015 E! network drama series
* The Royals, a 1997 book by Kitty Kelley about the British royal family
* Royals, a 2017 Marvel Comics series about the Inhumans
* Royals, a book series by Rachel Hawkins
** Royals, the original publication title of Prince Charming, a 2018 novel in the series

## Sports teams

* Kansas City Royals, a Major League Baseball team
** Burlington Royals, a minor league baseball farm team of the Kansas City Royals
** Omaha Royals, former name of the Omaha Storm Chasers, a minor league baseball farm team of the Kansas City Royals
* Barbados Royals, a team in the Caribbean Premier League
* Barbados Royals (WCPL), a team in the Women's Caribbean Premier League
* Cincinnati Royals, a basketball team now known as the Sacramento Kings of the NBA
* Cornwall Royals, a defunct Canadian junior ice hockey team
* East Perth Football Club, an Australian rules football club nicknamed the Royals
* New Westminster Royals, the name of several hockey teams based in New Westminster, British Columbia
* Rajasthan Royals, an Indian Premier League cricket franchise
* Reading F.C., a football team in the Football League Championship
* Reading Royals, an ECHL ice hockey team based in Reading, Pennsylvania
* Royal AM F.C., a South African soccer team
* Royals Football Club, an Australian rules football club located in Albany, Western Australia
* Victoria Royals, a Western Hockey League team
* Busan Daewoo Royals, former name of South Korean football club Busan IPark
* A nickname for various sports teams from County Meath, Ireland

## Other uses

* Royal family, including a list of royal families
* Jalen Royals (born 2003), American football player
# Keith Potger and the New Seekers

Keith Potger and the New Seekers is a 1970 album by the UK-based pop group The New Seekers. It was the group's second album and their only one to feature the group's founder Keith Potger as a member.

## Overview

By the time of the album's release in November 1970, a new line-up of the group was in place. Joining Eve Graham and Marty Kristian were new members Lyn Paul, Peter Doyle and Paul Layton, as well as Keith Potger himself. The group had by now made its UK chart debut, the single "What Have They Done to My Song Ma", produced by David Mackay, which having reached #44 in the UK charts and - re-entitled "Look What They've Done to My Song Ma" - had become a major hit in both North America (US #14/ Canada #2) - and Australia (#3). That track as well as some of the other songs had already been recorded by the earlier line-up, although continuing member Eve Graham sang lead on many of the songs. The album cover photo was taken shortly after the new line-up was in place during the group's summer season of concerts at Great Yarmouth (the picture features them standing under the town's pier).
No further singles were issued from the album and it failed to chart in the UK. The group's next album Beautiful People would be the group's first album release in English-speaking North America and also in Australia, the edition of the album released in those territories including "Look What They've Done to My Song Ma".
Potger co-wrote two songs on the album, and his former Seekers bandmate Bruce Woodley contributed one. Two songs were co-written by Rob Lovett (ex-Loved Ones) with Brain Peacock (ex-Procession).

## Track listing

Side One
* "What Have They Done to My Song, Ma?" (Melanie Safka)
* "Follow the Wind" (Barry Gibb)
* "Here, There and Everywhere" (John Lennon, Paul McCartney)
* "Shine People Shine" (Rob Lovett, Brian Peacock)
* "All Right My Love" (Keith Potger, David Groom)
* "Roundelay" (Heath)
Side Two
* "It's a Beautiful Day" (Rob Lovett, Brian Peacock)
* "Gentle on My Mind" (John Hartford)
* "Anything You Might Say" (Hans Poulsen, Bruce Woodley)
* "Evenings Make Me Blue" (Keith Potger, David Groom)
* "Mrs. Robinson" (Paul Simon)
* "I'm a Train" (Albert Hammond, Mike Hazlewood)
# Jan Veleba (politician)

Jan Veleba (born 25 August 1947 in Nové Město na Moravě) is a Czech politician and agricultural functionary. He was a Senator of the Parliament of the Czech Republic since 2012 Czech Senate election. In March 2014 he was elected a new Chairman of the Party of Civic Rights after Zdeněk Štengl.
# Onondaga County Savings Bank

The Onondaga County Savings Bank was chartered in 1855 in Syracuse, New York. It was a franchise ahead of its time and had four separate branches by the late 19th century. The Onondaga County Savings Bank Building was constructed in 1897 adjacent to the Erie Canal in Clinton Square.
In 1968, the bank shortened its name to Onondaga Savings Bank and in 1987 it changed again to OnBank.
# Onthophilus kirni

Onthophilus kirni is a species of clown beetle in the family Histeridae. It is found in North America.
# Janet Meik Wright

Janet Leigh Meik Wright (born November 11, 1946) is an American legal scholar who has taught community property, estate planning and non-profit institutions at the University of Southern California, University of California, Los Angeles, and University of California, Davis.

## Biography

Wright was born in Missoula, Montana, raised in Thompson Falls, and studied at the University of California, Santa Barbara, where she competed in debate and received a B.A. in 1968. She attended the University of Southern California School of Law, serving as editor-in-chief of the Southern California Law Review, and graduating Order of the Coif with a J.D. in 1971. After law school, she clerked for Justice Raymond E. Peters of the California Supreme Court, and then for Associate Justice of the United States Supreme Court William O. Douglas from 1972 to 1973. She clerked during the same term for Douglas as Carol S. Bruch, and was among the first six female law clerks at the U.S. Supreme Court. Following her clerkships, she returned to San Francisco and practiced law at Howard, Rice, Nemerovski, Canady, Robertson & Falk.
In 1975, she joined the law school faculty of the University of California, Los Angeles, as Acting Law Professor. In 1976, she left to become an assistant professor of law at USC Law School. In 1983, she was a visiting professor at the UC Davis Law School. She was active in State Bar committees, serving in 1987 on the Executive Committee of the Estate Planning, Trust and Probate Law Section that worked with the California Law Revision Commission on statutory reforms.
Currently, she practices at her own law firm in Fresno, California, where she specializes in estate planning, taxation, and general business transactions, with an emphasis on planning for closely held businesses and charitable planning.

## Personal life

In 1968, she married Richard K. Sigler in Tulare, California. In 1972, the couple divorced. In 1974, she remarried to Jonathan T. Wright, whom she had met while clerking in Washington, D.C.
# (Hydroxyethyl)methacrylate

Hydroxyethylmethacrylate (also known as glycol methacrylate) is the organic compound with the chemical formula H2C\dC(CH3)CO2CH2CH2OH. It is a colorless viscous liquid that readily polymerizes. Hydroxyethylmethacrylate is a monomer that is used to make various polymers.

## Synthesis

Hydroxyethylmethacrylate was first synthesized around 1925. Common methods of synthesis are:
* reaction of methacrylic acid with ethylene oxide;
* esterification of methacrylic acid with a large excess of ethylene glycol.
Both these methods give also some amount of ethylene glycol dimethacrylate. During polymerization of hydroxyethylmethacrylate, it works as crosslinking agent.

## Properties

Hydroxyethylmethacrylate is completely miscible with water and ethanol, but its polymer is practically insoluble in common solvents. Its viscosity is 0.0701 Pa⋅s at 20°C and 0.005 Pa⋅s at 30°C. During polymerization, it shrinks by approximately 6%.

## Applications
### Contact lenses

In 1960, O. Wichterle and D. Lím described its use in synthesis of hydrophilic crosslinked networks, and these results had great importance for manufacture of soft contact lenses. Polyhydroxyethylmethacrylate is hydrophilic: it is capable of absorbing from 10 to 600% water relative to the dry weight. Because of this property, it was one of the first materials to be used in the manufacture of soft contact lenses.

### Use in 3D printing

Hydroxyethylmethacrylate lends itself well to applications in 3D printing as it cures quickly at room temperature when exposed to UV light in the presence of photoinitiators. It may be used as a monomeric matrix in which 40nm silica particles are suspended for 3D glass printing. When combined with a suitable blowing agent such as BOC anhydride it forms a foaming resin which expands when heated.

### Other

In electron microscopy, later in light microscopy, hydroxyethylmethacrylate serves as an embedding medium.
When treated with polyisocyanates, polyhydroxyethylmethacrylate makes a crosslinked polymer, an acrylic resin, that is a useful component in some paints.

## Hazards

Hydroxyethylmethacrylate is a mild skin irritant and can cause allergic skin reactions.
# ..Cuz a D.U. Party Don't Stop!

..Cuz a D.U. Party Don't Stop! is the sixth and final studio album released by the rap group Digital Underground. The album was released on May 20, 2008, ten years after the group's fifth studio effort, Who Got the Gravy?, and two months after the group disbanded. This album also featured more debuts of new members such as Young Mass, Too Fly Eli, and Fifth Element.
# Rubi

Rubí or Rubi may refer to:

## Television

* Rubí (cartoon) [es], on Maha Cartoon TV
* Rubí (1968 TV series), a 1968 Mexican telenovela
** Rubí (2004 TV series), a 2004 Mexican remake of the original 1968 telenovela
** Rubi (Philippine TV series), a 2010 Philippine television remake
** Rubí (American TV series), a 2020 American television remake
* Rubí rebelde, a Venezuelan telenovela, based on a novel by Inés Rodena

## Places

* Font-rubí, Spanish municipality in the comarca of the province of Barcelona
* Rubí, Barcelona, Spanish municipality of the province of Barcelona
* Rubí de Bracamonte, Spanish municipality of the province of Valladolid
* Rubi River, left tributary of the Itimbiri River, Democratic Republic of the Congo
* Rubi Valley Rural Municipality, Nepalese rural municipality

## People

* Adorable Rubí (1931–2012), Mexican Luchador
* Fred Rubi (1926–1997), Swiss alpine skier
* Mel Rubi, American artist
* Rubí Cerioni (1927–2012), Argentine footballer
* Rubi Dalma (1906–1994), Italian actress
* Rubi (footballer) (born 1970), Spanish footballer and manager
* Marqués de Rubí (c.1725-?) Spanish inspector of presidios in northern New Spain.
* Rubi Noor (1945–2008), Indian politician
* Rubi Ocean, Brazilian drag queen
* Rubi Rose (born 1998), American rapper and model
* Rubí Rodríguez, Chilean mathematician
* Rubí Soto (born 1995), Mexican professional footballer
* Vicente Rubi (1903–1980), Filipino Visayan musician

## Other uses

* Rubi character, in the writing systems of East Asia
* Rubi (plural), members of the plant genus Rubus (brambles); not to be confused with Rubia (madders)
* Callophrys rubi, the green hairstreak butterfly
# Rubi Dalma

Rubi Dalma (24 April 1906 – 7 August 1994) was an Italian actress.

## Life and career

Born Giusta Manca di Villahermosa in Milan, she belonged to an aristocratic family from the Sardinian town of Sassari. After a bit part in the Camillo Mastrocinque's film Regina della Scala, in which she basically played herself, Manca di Villahermosa decided to start a career as an actress and she adopted the stage name Rubi Dalma (sometimes spelled as Rubi D'Alma or Ruby Dalma). Her breakout role was as the aristocrat donna Paola unsuccessfully courted by Vittorio De Sica in Mario Camerini's Il signor Max. From then Dalma started a successful career, even if often limited to stereotyped roles of cold, sophisticated and sometimes snobbish noblewomen. After the war she mainly appeared in character roles and, gradually, moved away from the cinema industry.

## Selected filmography

* Il signor Max (1937)
* Queen of the Scala (1937)
* Hurricane in the Tropics (1939)
* Heartbeat (1939)
* Red Roses (1940)
* Antonio Meucci (1940)
* A Pistol Shot (1942)
* Odessa in Flames (1942)
* C'è sempre un ma! (1942)
* Calafuria (1943)
* Daniele Cortis (1947)
* Heaven over the Marshes (1949)
* Story of a Love Affair (1950, dir. Michelangelo Antonioni)
* Eager to Live (1953)
# Kendall Katwalk

47°27′06″N 121°22′43″W﻿ / ﻿47.451796°N 121.378716°W﻿ / 47.451796; -121.378716
Kendall Katwalk is a 150 yard long narrow pathway blasted out of a steeply sloped granite rock face on the north ridge of Kendall Peak approximately 6 miles northeast of Snoqualmie Pass. It is a segment of Section J of Pacific Crest Trail and the construction was completed in 1975. It is a popular destination for day hikers, trail runners, and backpackers
# Royal Caribbean Golf Classic

The Royal Caribbean Golf Classic was a golf tournament on the Champions Tour from 1987 to 2004. It was played in late January/early February in Key Biscayne, Florida at the Crandon Park Golf Club (1997–2004) and at The Links at Key Biscayne (1987–1996). It was played using the tradition stroke play format except in 2000 and 2001 when it used the Modified Stableford scoring system.
The purse for the 2004 tournament was US$1,450,000, with $217,500 going to the winner. The tournament was founded in 1987 as the Gus Machado Senior Classic.
At the 1998 Royal Caribbean Classic, David Graham defeated Dave Stockton on the tenth hole of a sudden-death playoff. It was the longest sudden-death playoff in Champions Tour history.

## Winners

* 2004 Bruce Fleisher
* 2003 Dave Barr
Royal Caribbean Classic
* 2002 John Jacobs
* 2001 Larry Nelson
* 2000 Bruce Fleisher
* 1999 Bruce Fleisher
* 1998 David Graham
* 1997 Gibby Gilbert
* 1996 Bob Murphy
* 1995 J. C. Snead
* 1994 Lee Trevino
* 1993 Jim Colbert
* 1992 Don Massengale
* 1991 Gary Player
* 1990 Lee Trevino
Gus Machado Senior Classic
* 1989 No tournament
* 1988 Lee Elder
* 1987 Gene Littler
Source:
# Optical path length

In optics, optical path length (OPL, denoted Λ in equations), also known as optical length or optical distance, is the length that light needs to travel through a vacuum to create the same phase difference as it would have when traveling through a given medium. It is calculated by taking the product of the geometric length of the optical path followed by light and the refractive index of the homogeneous medium through which the light ray propagates; for inhomogeneous optical media, the product above is generalized as a path integral as part of the ray tracing procedure. A difference in OPL between two paths is often called the optical path difference (OPD). OPL and OPD are important because they determine the phase of the light and govern interference and diffraction of light as it propagates.
In a medium of constant refractive index, n, the OPL for a path of geometrical length s is just
    $\mathrm {OPL} =ns.\,$
If the refractive index varies along the path, the OPL is given by a line integral
    $\mathrm {OPL} =\int _{C}n\mathrm {d} s,$
where n is the local refractive index as a function of distance along the path C.
An electromagnetic wave propagating along a path C has the phase shift over C as if it was propagating a path in a vacuum, length of which, is equal to the optical path length of C. Thus, if a wave is traveling through several different media, then the optical path length of each medium can be added to find the total optical path length. The optical path difference between the paths taken by two identical waves can then be used to find the phase change. Finally, using the phase change, the interference between the two waves can be calculated.
Fermat's principle states that the path light takes between two points is the path that has the minimum optical path length.

## Optical path difference

The OPD corresponds to the phase shift undergone by the light emitted from two previously coherent sources when passed through mediums of different refractive indices. For example, a wave passing through air appears to travel a shorter distance than an identical wave traveling the same distance in glass. This is because a larger number of wavelengths fit in the same distance due to the higher refractive index of the glass.
The OPD can be calculated from the following equation:
    $\mathrm {OPD} =d_{1}n_{1}-d_{2}n_{2}$
where d$_1$ and d$_2$ are the distances of the ray passing through medium 1 or 2, n$_1$ is the greater refractive index (e.g., glass) and n$_2$ is the smaller refractive index (e.g., air).
# Jane Kister

Jane Elizabeth Kister (born and also published as Jane Bridge, 18 October 1944 – 1 December 2019) was a British and American mathematical logician and mathematics editor who served for many years as an editor of Mathematical Reviews.

## Early life and education

Jane Bridge was originally from Weybridge, England, where she was born on 18 October 1944; her father was a lawyer and later a judge. Her family moved to London when she was four, and she studied at St Paul's Girls' School in London. She matriculated at Somerville College, Oxford in 1963, but her studies were interrupted by a diagnosis of lupus; she resumed reading mathematics there in 1964, tutored by Anne Cobbe. She earned a first, won a Junior Mathematical Prize, and continued at Oxford for graduate study.
She was given the Mary Somerville Research Fellowship in 1969, and completed her doctorate (D.Phil.) at Oxford in 1972. Her dissertation, Some Problems in Mathematical Logic: Systems of Ordinal Functions and Ordinal Notations, was supervised by Robin Gandy. She then became a tutorial fellow in mathematics at Somerville College, taking Anne Cobbe's position after Cobbe's retirement, and a member of the Mathematical Institute, University of Oxford, working among others there with Dana Scott.

## Marriage and later life

In 1977, mathematician James Kister from the University of Michigan visited Oxford on sabbatical; they married in 1978 and she returned with him to the US, giving up her position at Oxford and in 1992 taking US citizenship. She obtained a visiting professorship at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and then in 1979 began working at Mathematical Reviews, where she would remain for the rest of her career. She became associate executive editor in 1984, and executive editor in 1998, the first woman to hold that position. When Mathematical Reviews shifted from being a paper review journal to an online electronic database, MathSciNet, in 1996, Kister was heavily involved in this advance. She also held an adjunct professorship at the University of Michigan.
She retired in 2004, and died of a heart attack on 1 December 2019.

## Books

As Jane Bridge, she was the author of the book Beginning Model Theory: The Completeness Theorem and Some Consequences (Clarendon Press, 1977), the first volume in the Oxford Logic Guides book series. She also co-edited the Ω-Bibliography of Mathematical Logic, Volume VI: Proof Theory, Constructive Mathematics (Perspectives in Mathematical Logic, Springer, 1987).
# Operation Bite Back

Operation Bite Back is a multi-phase Animal Liberation Front campaign targeting the American fur industry in the 1990s. Participants firebombed research laboratories and fur farms in Michigan, Utah, and the Pacific Northwest from June 1991 through 1992. The campaign was known nationally and led to the creation of the 1992 Animal Enterprise Protection Act to criminalize the damage of animal enterprise property. Following Rod Coronado's 1994 arrest, the 1995 Operation Bite Back II campaign abandoned their former economic sabotage tactics and instead focused on animal liberation. Their Arritola Mink Farm raid in Mt. Angel, Oregon, released 10,000 mink, the largest animal liberation to date. The campaign was still continuing by 2015.
# Keke railway station

Keke railway station is a station on the Chinese Qingzang Railway (Qinghai–Tibet Railway), located in Keke, Ulan County, Haixi Mongol and Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, Qinghai Province, People's Republic of China. The station was built in 1979. The distance from Xining to Keke railway station is 426 km. The station is under the jurisdiction of the Qinghai–Tibet Railway Company.