OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# 1975 WCT International – Doubles

The 1973 WCT International – Doubles was an event of the 1975 WCT International men's tennis tournament that was played in Bologna in Italy from 6 February through 12 February 1975. Ove Nils Bengtson and Björn Borg were the defending doubles champions but did not compete together in this edition. First-seeded Paolo Bertolucci and Adriano Panatta won the title, defeating unseeded Arthur Ashe and Tom Okker in the final, 6–3, 3–6, 6–3.

## Seeds

* Paolo Bertolucci / Adriano Panatta (champions)
* Bob Hewitt / Frew McMillan (semifinals)
* Hans Kary / Fred McNair (semifinals)
* Buster Mottram / Hans-Jürgen Pohmann (quarterfinals)

## Draw
### Key

* Q = Qualifier
* WC = Wild card
* LL = Lucky loser
* Alt = Alternate
* SE = Special exempt
* PR = Protected ranking
* ITF = ITF entry
* JE = Junior exempt
* w/o = Walkover
* r = Retired
* d = Defaulted
* SR = Special ranking
| First Round | First Round | First Round | First Round | First Round | Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Final | Final | Final | Final | Final |
| 1 | Paolo Bertolucci Adriano Panatta | 6 | 6 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Steve Krulevitz John Lloyd | 1 | 4 | | 1 | Paolo Bertolucci Adriano Panatta | 7$^7$ | 6 | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Massimo Di Domenico Fabrizio Matteoli | 2 | 2 | | | Dick Crealy Onny Parun | 6$^2$ | 0 | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Dick Crealy Onny Parun | 6 | 6 | | | | | | | 1 | Paolo Bertolucci Adriano Panatta | 6$^6$ | 6 | 7$^7$ | | | | | |
| | Patrice Dominguez Kim Warwick | 6 | 6 | | | | | | | 3 | Hans Kary Fred McNair | 7$^8$ | 2 | 6$^4$ | | | | | |
| | Željko Franulović Nikola Pilić | 3 | 2 | | | Patrice Dominguez Kim Warwick | 1 | 6 | 6$^2$ | | | | | | | | | | |
| | José Higueras Balázs Taróczy | 4 | 4 | | 3 | Hans Kary Fred McNair | 6 | 1 | 7$^7$ | | | | | | | | | | |
| 3 | Hans Kary Fred McNair | 6 | 6 | | | | | | | | | | | | 1 | Paolo Bertolucci Adriano Panatta | 6 | 3 | 6 |
| 4 | Buster Mottram Hans-Jürgen Pohmann | 6 | 6 | 6 | | | | | | | | | | | | Arthur Ashe Tom Okker | 3 | 6 | 3 |
| | Syd Ball Bob Giltinan | 7 | 2 | 3 | 4 | Buster Mottram Hans-Jürgen Pohmann | 6$^6$ | 2 | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Arthur Ashe Tom Okker | 6 | 6 | | | Arthur Ashe Tom Okker | 7$^8$ | 6 | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Ezio Di Matteo Piero Toci | 4 | 1 | | | | | | | | Arthur Ashe Tom Okker | 6 | 3 | 6 | | | | | |
| | Corrado Barazzutti Tonino Zugarelli | 5 | 6 | 6$^1$ | | | | | | 2 | Bob Hewitt Frew McMillan | 3 | 6 | 3 | | | | | |
| | Björn Borg Vincenzo Franchitti | 7 | 2 | 7$^7$ | | Björn Borg Vincenzo Franchitti | 6 | 4 | 1 | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Dick Dell Sherwood Stewart | 2 | 2 | | 2 | Bob Hewitt Frew McMillan | 4 | 6 | 6 | | | | | | | | | | |
| 2 | Bob Hewitt Frew McMillan | 6 | 6 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
# Cape Ray, Newfoundland and Labrador

Cape Ray is a local service district and designated place in the Canadian province of Newfoundland and Labrador. It is on the southwest coast of the island of Newfoundland.

## History

Cape Ray, the cape located near the community was the terminus for the overland portion of the transatlantic telegraph cable from St. John's to Cape Ray. From here the cable then takes a submarine route to Cape Breton Island. The area is also known for its discovery of Dorset Paleoeskimo artifacts. An archaeological site has been established in the area.

## Geography

Cape Ray is in Newfoundland within Subdivision H of Division No. 3. The community is located on the southwest coast just north of the town of Port aux Basques on Route 408. Nearby is the Cape from which the community draws its name. At the entrance to the harbour is a beach known for its 16 kilometer stretch of white sandy beach where the J.T. Cheeseman Provincial Park is located.
In the past, Cape Ray had been prospected for gold, as it was likely to have due to its resting on a fault line called "The Cape Ray Fault."
Surrounding the community are a large number of bodies of fresh water, and many hills, such as Table Mountain and the Twin Hills.

## Demographics

As a designated place in the 2016 Census of Population conducted by Statistics Canada, Cape Ray recorded a population of 352 living in 147 of its 166 total private dwellings, a change of -1.1% from its 2011 population of 356. With a land area of 21.32 km$^2$ (8.23 sq mi), it had a population density of 16.5/km$^2$ (42.8/sq mi) in 2016.

## Government

Cape Ray is a local service district (LSD) that is governed by a committee responsible for the provision of certain services to the community. The chair of the LSD committee is Anne Osmond.
# G. & R. Wills & Co.

G. & R. Wills & Co. Ltd. was a major softgoods (cloth and articles made from it) wholesaler in South Australia. George Wills & Co., a wholly owned subsidiary, was a shipping agent also based in Adelaide.

## History

Richard Wills emigrated to South Australia aboard Spartan in April 1849, followed by his brother George Wills (c. 1824 – 6 December 1906) in December 1849 aboard Minerva with a quantity of drapery and set up shop in Adelaide. They formed a partnership G. & R. Wills with premises at 40 and 41 Rundle Street, Adelaide in October 1853. Two other brothers, Henry (also on Minerva) and John, also emigrated but died soon after and were buried in West Terrace cemetery along with Richard, who died in 1862. George returned once to England to be married, and again, permanently, in 1859 to take charge of the company's purchasing house.
R. A. Tarlton (1828–1918) and Charles Rischbieth (died 1893) were brought into the company as partners to oversee its development. Later guiding lights were George Arthur Jury, who helped establish the Perth and Melbourne branches, Howard, W. E. J. Brocksopp, and H. Venables.
Hermann Oelmann (1840–1889), a fine tenor, was commercial traveller for the company 1863–1876 then after death of C. G. Balk made a partner 1876–1882.
Around 1882 W. Herbert Phillipps was given the task of establishing the subsidiary shipping firm of George Wills & Co.; Phillipps retired in 1902.
By 1922 the company also had establishments in Melbourne, Perth, Fremantle, Kalgoorlie and Broken Hill as well as agencies in Sydney and Brisbane. The Adelaide headquarters occupied the block bounded by Rundle Street, Gawler Place, North Terrace and Fisher place, and a factory in Pulteney Street. The Perth warehouse ran between St. Georges Terrace and Hay Street, while the Melbourne premises were in Flinders Lane.
The company went public in 1946.
# 1975 NCAA Division I Wrestling Championships

The 1975 NCAA Division I Wrestling Championships were the 45th NCAA Division I Wrestling Championships to be held. Princeton University in Princeton, New Jersey hosted the tournament at Jadwin Gymnasium.
Iowa took home the team championship with 102 points and two individual champions.
Mike Frick of Lehigh was named the Most Outstanding Wrestler and Bill Kalkbrenner of Oklahoma received the Gorriaran Award.

## Team results

| Rank | School | Points |
| 1 | Iowa | 102 |
| 2 | Oklahoma | 77 |
| 3 | Oklahoma State | 68 |
| 4 | Iowa State | 66.5 |
| 5 | Lehigh | 54 |
| 6 | Wisconsin | 41 |
| 7 | Oregon State | 36.5 |
| 8 | Cal Poly-SLO | 36 |
| 9 | Purdue | 34.5 |
| 10 | Penn State | 33 |
| Reference: |||

## Individual finals

| Weight class | Championship match (champion in boldface) |
| 118 lbs | Shawn Garel, Oklahoma DEC Jim Brown, Michigan, 8–3 |
| 126 lbs | John Fritz, Penn State DEC Pat Milkovich, Michigan State, 5–5, 3–1 |
| 134 lbs | Mike Frick, Lehigh DEC Brian Beatson, Oklahoma, 10–5 |
| 142 lbs | Jim Bennett, Yale DEC Andre Allen, Northwestern, 5–3 |
| 150 lbs | Chuck Yagla, Iowa SRD Lee Kemp, Wisconsin, 4–4, 1–1 |
| 158 lbs | Dan Holm, Iowa DEC John Janiak, Syracuse, 7–6 |
| 167 lbs | Ron Ray, Oklahoma State DEC Cliff Hatch, Cal Poly-SLO, 8–3 |
| 177 lbs | Mike Lieberman, Lehigh DEC Chris Campbell, Iowa, 5–4 |
| 190 lbs | Al Nacin, Iowa State DEC Greg Stevens, Iowa, 8–4 |
| UNL | Larry Bielenberg, Oregon State DEC Greg Gibson, Oregon, 8–2 |
| Reference: ||
# G. L. Venkatachalam

G. L. Venkatachalam was elected to the Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly from the Palacode constituency in the 1996 elections. He was a candidate of the Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam (DMK) party.
# Carex doenitzii

Carex doenitzii is a tussock-forming species of perennial sedge in the family Cyperaceae. It is native to parts of Japan.
# Carex donnell-smithii

Carex donnell-smithii is a tussock-forming species of perennial sedge in the family Cyperaceae. It is native to parts of Mexico and Central America.

## Description

The sedge has stout culms with a length of 30 to 100 cm (12 to 39 in) which have a purple hue toward the base of the plant. It has many stiff, glabrous and leathery leaves with blades that are 3 to 10 mm (0.12 to 0.39 in) wide. The compound inflorescences are 20 to 60 mm (0.79 to 2.36 in) in length that are found in groups in pairs of groups of four.

## Taxonomy

The species was first described by the botanist Liberty Hyde Bailey in 1889 as a part of Memoirs of the Torrey Botanical Club. The type specimen was collected in the Alta Verapaz are of Guatemala. It has two synonyms;
* Carex jovis described by Charles Baron Clarke in 1908
* Carex pittieri Johann Otto Boeckeler in 1896.

## Distribution

It is found in seasonally dry tropical biome from southern Mexico in the north down through much of Central America to Panama in the south.
# Carex eburnea

Carex eburnea, known as ivory sedge, ebony sedge, and bristleleaf or bristle-leaved sedge, is a small and slender sedge native to North America, from Alaska and Newfoundland south to central Mexico (San Luis Potosí and Querétaro).

## Description

Ivory sedge is a clump-forming sedge that spreads gradually by slender, light brown rhizomes to form colonies. It has narrow leaves, 0.2 to 1 mm (0.008 to 0.039 in) wide and 3 to 21 cm (1 to 8 in) long, that grow from the base of the plant and alternately on the culms (stems). The culms are longer than the leaves, 7 to 31 cm (2+3⁄4 to 12+1⁄4 in) long. The bases of the leaves and culms are wrapped in a light brown sheath. The leaves dry up after the growing season and persist at least until the next spring.
Each inflorescence (flower cluster), at the end of a culm, has one staminate (male) spike above two to three pistillate (female) spikes, each enclosed at the base by a tubular bract. There are 3 to 10 florets in each pistillate spike. The scales under the florets are white and translucent.
Pollinated florets produce three-sided seeds (achenes) that are glossy blackish-brown when ripe, 1.5–2.2 mm (0.059–0.087 in) long by 0.7–1.1 mm (0.028–0.043 in) wide. The stem of the inflorescence and the stems of the pistillate spikes are very short at blooming time, but lengthen a great deal by the time the seed matures, so that the clusters of achenes overtop the withered staminate spike and the stem is always longer than the leaves.

## Distribution and habitat

Ivory sedge usually grows in coniferous or mixed woodlands, sometimes in fens, stable dunes, or alvar (shallow soil above limestone). It prefers sandy or gravelly soil with a neutral to alkaline pH.
# Futsal 5 A-Side Australia Interstate Club Championship

The Inaugural Futsal 5 A-Side Australia (FFAA) Interstate Club Championship was run in 2006 at the Coniston Indoor Soccer Centre. It was initially just club teams from New South Wales and Victoria that participated. Since then it has grown to see club teams from all over Australian States and Territories competing with clubs from New Zealand invited in 2009. The 2010 instalment will be back at Coniston (after 2 years at Castle Hill, Sydney) during the Australia Day Long Weekend in January.

## Past Champions

Here is a list of the Men's Division 1 Club Champions and Runners Up since the first tournament in 2006.
| Year | Champion | Runner Up | Score |
| 2006 | Spring Hills F.C. Panthers (Vic) | Persian Boys (N.S.W.) | 6-5 aet |
| 2007 | Persian Boys (N.S.W.) | Spring Hills F.C. Panthers (Vic) | 5-4 |
| 2008 | Parramatta Blue (N.S.W.) | Hellcats (N.S.W.) | 6-3 |
| 2009 | Iraq (New Zealand) | Black Knights (N.S.W.) | 4-2 |
| 2010 | Black Knights (N.S.W.) | | |
# Futsal-Regionalliga Süd

The Futsal-Regionalliga Süd is the highest german futsal league. It consists of 10 teams and was introduced in the 2015-16 season with seven teams. The winner of each Futsal-Regionalliga takes part in the Deutsche Futsal-Meisterschaft to determine the German champion at the end of the season. The second-placed team has the chance to qualify for the Deutsche Futsal-Meisterschaft through a playoff round. The bottom teams of the Regionalliga are relegated directly or compete in a relegation playoff round. The Futsal-Regionalliga Süd is organised by the Southern German Football Association and includes the Federal States of Bavaria, Hessia and Baden-Wurttemberg.

## Founding members of the Futsal-Regionalliga Süd 2015/16

SV Darmstadt 98, Cosmos Hoechst, BaKi Futsal Nuremberg, Germania Ober-Roden, FC Portus Pforzheim, TV Wackersdorf, TSV Weilimdorf

## Champions of the Futsal-Regionalliga Süd

| Year | Champions | Runners-up | Third place | Fourth place |
| 2016 | TSV Weilimdorf | FC Portus Pforzheim | TV Wackersdorf | SV Darmstadt 98 |
| 2017 | SSV Jahn Regensburg | TSV Weilimdorf | FC Portus Pforzheim | TV Wackersdorf |
| 2018 | TSV Weilimdorf | SSV Jahn Regensburg | FC Deisenhofen | BaKi Futsal Nürnberg |
| 2019 | TSV Weilimdorf | SSV Jahn Regensburg | FC Deisenhofen | TV Wackersdorf |

## Records
### Player records

As of 1 July 2019
Boris Radisavljevic is the league's record player with 63 caps only for TV Wackersdorf. The top goalscorer is Josip Sesar with 98 goals only for TSV Weilimdorf.

### Team records

As of 1 July 2019
TSV Weilimdorf were crowned the first champions. The most league titles (3) have been won and the most wins (59) have been recorded by TSV Weilimdorf. SSV Jahn Regensburg and TSV Weilimdorf are the league's onlyest teams to end a season undefeated, have won the Deutsche Futsal-Meisterschaft and to qualify for the UEFA Futsal Champions League.
# 1971 NCAA University Division swimming and diving championships

The 1971 NCAA University Division swimming and diving championships were contested at the 35th annual swim meet sanctioned and hosted by the NCAA to determine the individual and team national champions of men's collegiate swimming and diving among its University Division member programs in the United States, culminating the 1970–71 NCAA University Division swimming and diving season.
These championships were hosted by Iowa State University at the Beyer Hall Pool on its campus in Ames, Iowa.
Three-time defending champions Indiana again topped the team championship standings, the Hoosiers' fourth NCAA national title.

## Team standings

* (H) = Hosts
* (DC) = Defending champions
* Italics = Debut appearance
| Rank | Team | Points |
| | Indiana | 351 |
| | USC | 260 |
| | UCLA | 202 |
| 4 | Stanford | 155 |
| 5 | Long Beach State | 139 |
| 6 | Tennessee | 126 |
| 7 | Washington | 112 |
| 8 | SMU | 101 |
| 9 | Ohio State | 70 |
| 10 | Michigan | 69 |
| 11 | Southern Illinois | 50 |
| 12 | Florida State | 37 |
| 13 | NC State | 28 |
| 14 | Florida | 27 |
| 15 | Minnesota | 24 |
| 16 | Wisconsin | 23 |
| 11 | Villanova | 20 |
| 18 | Michigan State | 19 |
| 18 | Penn | 19 |
| 20 | New Mexico | 17 |
| 20 | Pacific | 17 |
| 22 | Oregon | 12 |
| 23 | Dartmouth | 10 |
| 23 | Oklahoma | 10 |
| 25 | Cornell | 9 |
| 26 | Navy | 7 |
| 27 | Bucknell | 6 |
| 27 | Princeton | 6 |
| 29 | California | 3 |
| 29 | Harvard | 3 |
| 31 | Colorado State | 1 |
| 31 | Kansas | 1 |

## Individual events
### Swimming

| Event | Champion | Team | Time |
| 50 yard freestyle | David Edgar (DC) | Tennessee | 20.30 |
| 100 yard freestyle | David Edgar (DC) | Tennessee | 44.69 |
| 200 yard freestyle | Jim McConica | USC | 1:39.75 |
| 500 yard freestyle | John Kinsella | Indiana | 4:27.39 |
| 1,650 yard freestyle | John Kinsella | Indiana | 15:26.51 |
| 100 yard backstroke | Santiago Esteva | Indiana | 51.71 |
| 200 yard backstroke | Gary Hall Sr. | Indiana | 1:50.60 |
| 100 yard breaststroke | Brian Job (DC) | Stanford | 57.24 |
| 200 yard breaststroke | Brian Job (DC) | Stanford | 2:03.39 |
| 100 yard butterfly | Mark Spitz (DC) | Indiana | 49.42 |
| 200 yard butterfly | Mark Spitz | Indiana | 1:50.10 |
| 200 yard individual medley | Gary Hall Sr. | Indiana | 1:52.20 |
| 400 yard individual medley | Gary Hall Sr. (DC) | Indiana | 3:58.25 |
| 400 yard freestyle relay | Kim Tutt Jim McConica Michael Weston Frank Heckl | USC (DC) | 3:02.38 |
| 800 yard freestyle relay | Jim McConica Kim Tutt Tom McBreen Frank Heckl | USC (DC) | 6:39.04 |
| 400 yard medley relay | Fred Haywood Brian Job John Ferris Martin Pedley | Stanford (DC) | 3:22.51 |

### Diving

| Event | Champion | Team | Score |
| 1 meter diving | Mike Finneran | Ohio State | 520.98 |
| 3 meter diving | Phil Boggs | Florida State | 552.93 |
# Houston Cinema Arts Festival

The Houston Cinema Arts Festival (HCAF) is a five-day annual film festival held every November in Houston, Texas. The Festival is presented by Houston Cinema Arts Society (HCAS).

## History

The Houston Cinema Arts Festival (HCAF) was first introduced in 2008 as a weekend film festival at the Museum of Fine Arts, Houston and Rice University Media Center. HCAS launched its inaugural five-day film festival in 2009 in Houston, Texas. The Festival's unique focus on films “by and about artists” accomplished two goals: It filled a niche in the broader film festival world that was sorely underrepresented, and it identified Houston, internationally, as a thriving arts town that celebrates innovative films, media installations and performances. The original name of the Festival was Cinema Arts Festival Houston through 2011 and was renamed Houston Cinema Arts Festival starting in November 2012.

## Events

The Houston Cinema Arts Festival is the most ambitious of the Houston Cinema Arts Society programs. This five-day, multi-venue festival includes over 50 narrative and documentary films, film premieres, an interactive video installation gallery, 16mm screening room, live multimedia performances, panel discussions, Meet the Makers workshops, and free outdoor and student field trip screenings. In its relatively short history, HCAS has brought notable guest artists, such as Tilda Swinton, Alex Gibney, Guillermo Arriaga, Isabella Rossellini, John Turturro, Shirley MacLaine, Richard Linklater, Zlatko Topčić, Ethan Hawke, Fisher Stevens, Robert Redford, Tracy Letts, Will Forte, Barbara Hammer, Jonas Mekas, and Thomas Haden Church among many others, to the Festival.

## Levantine Films Cinema Arts Award

The Levantine Films Cinema Arts Award honors a leading actor, director, or other creative artist who has stretched the boundaries of cinematic expression throughout an illustrious film career. The presentation of the award is usually accompanied by a gala screening of a new or classic work followed by an on-stage interview with the artist. Levantine Films Cinema Arts Awards recipients include Isabella Rossellini, Ethan Hawke, Robert Redford, and Richard Linklater.
# Hyposmocoma costimaculata

Hyposmocoma costimaculata is a species of moth of the family Cosmopterigidae. It was first described by Lord Walsingham in 1907. It is endemic to the Hawaiian island of Molokai.
# RE2

RE2 may refer to:
* RE2 (software), a regular expression software library
* Resident Evil 2, a 1998 survival horror video game
** Resident Evil 2 (2019 video game), a 2019 remake of the 1998 video game
* Resident Evil: Apocalypse, a 2004 horror film, second in the film franchise
* Boulder Valley School District (or district Re2), in Boulder, Colorado
* Texas Recreational Road 2 (or RE2), Texas RE2 in Val Verde County
* Rhein-Haard-Express (RE 2), German train service
# Isle of Capri, Queensland

Isle of Capri is a neighbourhood within the suburb of Surfers Paradise in the City of Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia.

## History

The area served as a sugar harvest for the nearby Benowa Sugar Mill in the late 1800s and early 1900s before becoming a dairy. In the 1950s, local Italian-Australian Efim Zola began a canal development project which involved raising unused farmland and renamed the area Isle of Capri after Capri island in Italy. Future Gold Coast Mayor Sir Bruce Small overtook the project in 1958 and completed unfinished developments.
As of the early 2000s, the Isle of Capri is considered an affluent neighbourhood of the Gold Coast.
# Jeff Powell (rower)

Jeffrey H C Powell (born May 13, 1976) is a Canadian rower. Born in Winnipeg, Manitoba, Powell began rowing in 1996 and is a graduate of the University of Western Ontario. He won the gold medal at both the 2002 and 2003 world championships for Canada's men's eight team in Milan, Italy and Seville, Spain respectively. In 2004 he competed at the Athens Olympics. Jeff is now a father a two girls.
# Synersaga atriptera

Synersaga atriptera is a moth in the family Lecithoceridae. It is found in China (Guangdong).
The wingspan is 29–31 mm.
# Cartersville, South Carolina

Cartersville is an unincorporated community in Florence County, in the U.S. state of South Carolina.

## History

The community was named after the Carter family of early settlers. A post office called Cartersville was established in 1845, and remained in operation until 1953.
Local Businesses
Cartersville Country Winery - Local winery and part of the Harvest Host program.
# Russula betularum

Russula betularum is a small, very pale member of the Russula (brittlegills) genus of mushrooms. It is usually white to very pale pink, inedible, and grows with birch trees. It is commonly known as the birch brittlegill.

## Taxonomy

The specific epithet betularum "of the birches", refers to its association with birch (Betula species). Some sources regard it as a variety of the sickener (R. emetica).

## Description

The cap is convex to flattened, and often has a central depression. On expansion the margin becomes furrowed, and bears low warts. It is 2–5 cm (0.8–2.0 in) in diameter, and the cuticle may be peeled off completely. The cap ranges in colour from white to pale pink, to deep pink, and can even be pale buff. Although more often it is white with a pale pink blush, turning pale yellow ochre in the centre. The stem is typically longer than the diameter of the cap, and is cylindrical or slightly club-shaped. It is white, and very fragile. The gills are also white, and well spaced, and the spore print is white. The flesh is white and tastes hot. It might be confused with Russula fragilis (Pers.) Fr. which can be pale in colour, and occur in the same habitat. However, the cuticle of the latter species is only three quarters peeling, usually darker at the centre, and with purplish tones. It also has marked serrations on the gill edges.

## Distribution and habitat

Russula betularum appears in summer and early autumn. It is widespread in Britain, Europe, and Scandinavia, and is probably mycorrhizal with birch trees. It often grows in damp places in woodlands.

## Edibility

This mushroom is inedible, and has a hot 'peppery' taste. Many bitter tasting red-capped species can cause problems if eaten raw; the symptoms are mainly gastrointestinal in nature: diarrhoea, vomiting and colicky abdominal cramps. The active agent has not been identified but thought to be sesquiterpenes, which have been isolated from the related genus Lactarius and from Russula sardonia.