OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# In re Opinions and Orders of This Court Containing Novel or Significant Interpretations of Law (2016)

In re Opinions and Orders of This Court Containing Novel or Significant Interpretations of Law, Misc 16-01, United States Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Court, (October 19, 2016), or Motion of the American Civil Liberties Union for the Release of Court Records, or ACLU Motion for Release of Court Records, is a legal case filed by the American Civil Liberties Union before the FISA court. The motion requests that the FISA court release numerous rulings on "novel" interpretations of the law, made since from the court's inception through 2015, at which time such rulings were statutorily mandated to be made public under the USA Freedom Act. The court had interpreted the meaning of a broad swath of surveillance and cybersecurity laws without public disclosure, thereby creating a body of FISA court common law as precedent for subsequent cases, and which provides legal parameters for restricting and allowing actual surveillance practices.
Unlike most other legal proceedings in the United States, the controversial Fisa court operates in secret for reasons of national security. From 2001 thorough 2015 it made a series of opinions that established a legal foundation (precedent) for expanding the government's surveillance activities. Among the opinions sought is that which interprets the original Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act of 1978, in hopes it will expose an alleged Yahoo! program to scan large numbers of emails without a search warrant, possibly required by the 4th Amendment of the United States Constitution.
Critics of the Fisa court, like United States Senator Ron Wyden (Oregon) have said these classified rulings are a body of "secret law" which throws away congressionally enacted privacy restrictions. The United States executive branch, and others, respond that US surveillance practices and proceedings must be kept in complete secrecy for national security reasons.
The USA Freedom Act of 2015 mandates that the Fisa court release "novel" interpretations of the law (which thereby set precedent for future authority and cases), but does not clearly mandate retroactive disclosure. The ACLU argued that meaningful democratic debate and decisions about surveillance and cybersecurity cannot occur without the release of the precedent setting decisions prior to 2015.
# In re Petition for Naturalization of Horst Nemetz

In re Petition for Naturalization of Horst Nemetz was a 1981 naturalization case decided by the United States Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit, involving whether a petitioner for naturalization, who admitted to committing sodomy—at that time illegal in Virginia, his state of residence—could be denied naturalization on the ground that he was not of good moral character, when the same activity was not prohibited in other U.S. states.
Horst Nemetz was admitted into the United States lawfully in 1967. During the 10 years he had been living in the US, in Virginia, he lived with a male “roommate”. During his trial it became known that the two were part of a monogamous homosexual relationship. One of the requirements for Naturalization was to prove that you were of good moral character. This fact brought into question for the courts whether Nemetz was in fact of good moral character. The first trial was with the U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of Virginia who denied Therefore, Nemetz admitting to the relationship with his roommate caused for speculation in illegal activity and being of bad moral character.

## Original petition for Naturalization

Nemetz petitioned for naturalization in 1980 and was at first denied naturalization based being a person of bad moral character. Nemetz admitted to his relationship with his roommate and explained that all of their sexual activities took place within their home. The following is part of the questioning that occurred:
    Q: Mr. Nemetz, are you now or have you ever been a homosexual?
    A: I’m now.
    Q: Have you ever had sexual relations with your roommate?
    A: Well we have a relationship. I like him.
    Q: Have you ever had sexual relationships with him?
    A: What do you mean sexual relationships?
    Q: Intimate relationships. Getting into Sexual aspects.
    Q: Either yes or no.
    A: Yes.
    Q: So what you’re saying is that your relationship in the United States has been with one individual. Is that correct?
    A: Yes.
    Q: And no others?
    A: That’s right. Yeah.
    Q: And in your lifetime that is the only individual you’ve had a relationship of this type with?

## Appeals case

Nemetz took the appeals case to a higher court, The Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit, who looked at the case logically by setting aside the possible sodomy, which was still illegal in Virginia at the time. The previous court felt that even the possibility of sodomy occurring proved that Nemetz wasn't of good character. Nemetz proved that any interaction between himself and his roommate happened in the privacy of their own home and was not a threat to the public. Their conclusion was that naturalization requires national law therefore federal law must be used for the case. Since sodomy was not illegal across the country or under federal law, there was nothing to hold Nemetz back from naturalization.
# Reissekia

Reissekia is a monotypic genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Rhamnaceae. It only contains one known species, Reissekia smilacina (Sm.) Steud.
It is native to (north-eastern, southern and southeastern) Brazil.
The genus name of Reissekia is in honour of Siegfried Reissek (1819–1871), an Austrian naturalist and botanist who specialized in spermatophytes. The Latin specific epithet of smilacina refers to the false Solomon's seal plant of Smilacina (part of the Asparagaceae family). The genus was first described and published in Gen. Pl. on page 1103 in 1840. Then the species was published in Nomencl. Bot., edition 2, Vol.2 on page 440 in 1841.
# John Williams (bishop of Connecticut)

John Williams (August 30, 1817 – February 7, 1899) was the fourth bishop of the Diocese of Connecticut and eleventh presiding bishop of the Protestant Episcopal Church in the United States of America.

## Early life

Williams was born at Deerfield, Massachusetts, the son of Ephraim Williams and Emily (Trowbridge) Williams. He was educated at Deerfield Academy, Harvard and at Trinity College, Hartford, where he graduated in 1835. Although his parents were Unitarian, Williams's time at Harvard convinced him to join the Protestant Episcopal Church. He was ordained deacon in 1838 and priest in 1841. Williams held the rectorship of St. George's Church, Schenectady, New York, from 1842 to 1848, after which he became president of Trinity College, and at the same time professor of history and literature there.

## Bishop of Connecticut

In 1851, Williams was elected Assistant Bishop of Connecticut. He was the 53rd bishop of the American Episcopalian succession, and was consecrated by Bishops Thomas Church Brownell, John Henry Hopkins, and William Heathcote DeLancey. In 1854, Williams founded Berkeley Divinity School at Middletown, and held the office of dean as well as being principal instructor in Church history and theology at the School. On the death of Bishop Brownell in 1865, Williams succeeded him in the sole charge of the diocese, remaining Dean of Berkeley Divinity School also.

## Presiding bishop

Williams succeeded Alfred Lee of Delaware as presiding bishop in 1887, and earned the reputation of a wise conservative leader in ecclesiastical affairs. In 1896, he was acknowledged as the senior bishop in the Anglican communion.

## Works

Among his published works are:
* Thoughts on the Gospel Miracles (1848)
* The English Reformation (Paddock Lectures, 1881)
* The World's Witness to Jesus Christ (Bedell Lectures, 1882)
* Studies in the Book of the Acts (1888)
# India on Four Wheels

India on Four Wheels is a documentary shown in the UK on BBC Two where Justin Rowlatt and Anita Rani travel around India sampling the changes and problems that growing car usage has brought to the country in the last two decades.
The show was first broadcast on Friday 19 August and Friday 26 August 2011 as a two-part series. The programme was shown at 9pm and on BBC Two and BBC HD. The presenters, Justin Rowlatt and Anita Rani travelled on two different journeys. Rani travelled in a modern, small 4x4 representing India's car economy of today, whereas Rowlatt travelled in an older Indian car visiting many places where people didn't have a car, or where they were only just discovering them.
These were the ratings for the two episodes:
| Episode | Broadcast Date | Ratings | Weekly channel ranking |
| 1 | 19 August 2011 | 2.36m | 5 |
| 2 | 26 August 2011 | 2.32m | 6 |
# India paper

India paper is a type of paper which from 1875 has been based on bleached hemp and rag fibres, that produced a very thin, tough opaque white paper. It has a basis weight of 20 pounds (30 g/m$^2$; typical office paper is 80 g/m$^2$), yet bulks 1,000 pages to the inch (390 per centimetre).
It became popular in particular for the printing of Bibles, which could be made relatively small and light while remaining legible. The 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica boasted, "Printed on thin, but strong opaque India paper, each volume but one inch in thickness." The process was used particularly by the Oxford University Press and its paper suppliers. The name arose because the paper imitated fine papers imported from the Indian subcontinent.
India paper has also often been used for the printing of die proofs of postage stamps.
# Reginald Spencer Ellery

Reginald Spencer Ellery (1897–1955), was a pioneer in the practice of psychiatry in Melbourne, Australia. He was also noted as an autobiographer, memoirist, communist, and poet.
Under J. K. Adey's supervision at Sunbury, Ellery developed a greater understanding of psychiatry; together they were responsible in 1925 for the first successful application in Australia of Wagner-Jauregg's malarial-fever treatment for general paralysis of the insane.
A member of the British Psychological Society, from 1938 Ellery allied himself with a group of progressive psychiatrists led by Dr Paul Dane. In establishing the Melbourne Institute for Psycho-Analysis in October 1940, the group encountered opposition from both the Federal government and the local branch of the British Medical Association.
Although he never became a party member, Ellery was attracted to communism. During the early 1940s he published several pamphlets and books which prescribed communism as a panacea for mental and social ills.
From the start of his career when he reluctantly became a medical officer at Kew Asylum in 1923, Ellery had a progressive and provocative approach to his career. The following year, he became the subject of a Royal Commission into claims of misconduct and cruelty to patients, from which he was exonerated. When he went to Sunbury Asylum, he introduced malariotherapy, the first successful treatment, into Australia in 1925. He later had a leading role in the biological therapies, such as insulin coma and convulsive therapy.
Throughout his career, he continued to lobby for the rights of psychiatric patients, socialised medicine and for a more progressive understanding of the psychological nature of crime. In regard to the latter, he went public a number of times to say that he considered all judges biased.
He was involved in a number of criminal cases as a specialist psychiatric witness, most notably that of Arnold Sodeman. Despite Ellery's finding that he was not guilty due to insanity, Sodeman was hanged.
Ellery associated with members of the Heide set, influencing artists such as Sidney Nolan and Albert Tucker. He wrote articles for the Angry Penguins journal and spoke for the defence of Max Harris at the Ern Malley pornography trial.

## Works

* The Cow Jumped Over the Moon (1956), (autobiography)
* Psychological Aspects of Modern Warfare (1945), published by John Reed and Max Harris.
* Eyes Left! - Book-pamphlet on the Soviet Union and the Post-War World.
* Schizophrenia, The Cinderella of Psychiatry. - Re-publication of a successful discussion of a major illness.
# Johnny Jonas

John Harold Jonas (born 27 February 1948) is a British painter. Over his career he has portrayed the culture on the French Riviera, depicted British sporting and cultural life, and maintains a current focus on portraiture. His commissions include Queen Elizabeth The Queen Mother, Elizabeth II, David Cameron, Aga Khan IV, Sir Stirling Moss and Bear Grylls.

## Career
### Training and early career (1972–1984)

After schooling at Charterhouse and working at Lloyd's of London, Johnny Jonas attended the Academy of Fine Arts of Florence (Accademia di Belle Arti di Firenze). In 1979, he moved with his family to Grimaldi, a frontier village near Ventimiglia on the Italian Riviera. By chance, Colin Colahan, a painter and sculptor, lived in the same area and provided mentorship. Jonas painted a wide range of subjects along the Italian-French-Monegasque coast for exhibition, particularly of street life, café culture and backstage scenes, including a series of orchestra rehearsals, circus, jazz and cabaret, including at the Opéra de Monte Carlo.

### British cultural and sporting life (1985–1995)

During this period, his paintings provide "social commentary" on the complex and sometimes paradoxical relationships between major social and sporting events and the people who attend them, such as at Ascot, the Henley Royal Regatta, cricket and polo matches, on golf courses, bowls and croquet laws, tennis courts, and jousting at Hever Castle. His interest in vintage cars led to a number of paintings featuring classic British cars, such as 'From Rushhour with Love.' His images have been reproduced on over two million greetings cards and he was artist in residence at ING's headquarters in 2001.

### Portraits (1996–present)

Johnny Jonas has painted portraits throughout his career, which he considers to be "visual biography," His commissions include: Queen Elizabeth The Queen Mother, Elizabeth II, David Cameron, Aga Khan IV, Vincent O'Brien, Baron Vincent of Coleshill, Lord Wakeham, Baron Walker of Gestingthorpe, Sir Stirling Moss, Sir Henry Cecil, Sir Richard Branson, Albert Roux, Baron Levene of Portsoken, Dick Francis, Brian Sewell, Lester Piggott, Martina Navratilova, Steffi Graf, Tony McCoy, Bear Grylls, Satish Kumar, and Alec Stewart, among others. The Isle of Man paid tribute to Queen Elizabeth the Queen Mother by featuring Jonas's portrait of her on a stamp.
Johnny Jonas has also commemorated the building of vessels, including the Virgin Atlantic Challenger II and the Astute-class submarine, as well as technological achievements such as the building of the Channel Tunnel.

## Personal life

Jonas has supported a number of charities though his art, including the Injured Jockeys Fund, Sir Peter O'Sullevan Charitable Trusts and has painted twenty winners of the Peter O'Sullevan Award.
# Kilmington, Devon

Kilmington is a village near Axminster in East Devon off the A35 road. The village population at the 2021 Census was 925. Kilmington is a major part of Newbridges electoral ward whose population at the above census was 2,358.
It includes Coryton, the grade II listed surviving wing of a brick house with Portland stone dressings built in 1754–1756 by Benedictus Marwood Tucker, sheriff of Devon in 1763. Some remains of the older mansion can also be seen at Old Coryton. This had been for many years the property of the Warren family, who sold it to William Tucker of Westwater in 1697. He built the old house, which passed to his son William, High Sheriff of Devon for 1726, who lived there until 1748. Benedictus, also the High Sheriff for 1763, was the latter's son.
The parish church of St. Giles was rebuilt in 1862, it contains a large marble monument to Thomas Southcott of Dulshayes that was erected in 1735. The church itself was built around the tower, an earlier structure featuring a six-bell peal and gargoyles. Kilmington also has a cricket ground.
# Royal Naval Hospital, Herne Bay

The Royal Naval Hospital, Herne Bay was a Royal Naval Hospital based at Herne Bay (now Riverwood), near Sydney, Australia. The hospital was used chiefly in Second World War, and a young Cynthia Cooke served there in 1944–45.
In mid-September 1945, the hospital provided equipment to HMS Glory in order to set up a medical facility in the hangar, along with thirty-six medical staff from the Voluntary Aid Detachment and Queen Alexandra's Royal Naval Nursing Service.
Thirty-six deaths occurred at Herne Bay in the period 1945–46.
# Othiini

Othiini is a tribe of beetles belonging to the family Staphylinidae.
# 1909 Holy Trinity Hilltoppers football team

The 1909 Holy Trinity Hilltoppers football team represented the Holy Trinity College during the 1909 college football season. The team posted a 7–3 record and won the North Texas Interscholastic Association.

## Schedule

| Date | Opponent | Result |
| | Fort Worth HS | W 6–0 |
| | Fort Worth | W 12–0 |
| | Carlisle Military Institute | W 25–0 |
| | Burleson | W 39–11 |
| | Wesley | W 33–0 |
| | Terrill Prep | W 17–0 |
| November 6 | Austin | L 0–10 |
| November 13 | Texas A&M | L 0–47 |
| | Dallas HS | W 26–5 |
| | Peacock Military Academy | L 2–15 |
# 1904 William & Mary Orange and White football team

The 1904 William & Mary Orange and White football team was an American football team that represented the College of William & Mary as a member of the Eastern Virginia Intercollegiate Athletic Association (EVIAA) during the 1904 college football season. Led by first-year head coach J. Merrill Blanchard, the Orange and White compiled an overall record of 3–3.

## Schedule

| Date | Opponent | Site | Result |
| October 1 | Norfolk High School* | Williamsburg, VA | W 18–0 |
| October 15 | Portsmouth Athletic Club* | Williamsburg, VA | W 36–0 |
| October 22 | at VPI* | Gibboney FieldBlacksburg, VA | L 0–30 |
| October 24 | at Roanoke* | Roanoke, VA | L 5–6 |
| November 4 | Richmond | Williamsburg, VA (rivalry) | W 15–6 |
| November 19 | Randolph–Macon | Williamsburg, VA | L 0–6 |
| *Non-conference game ||||
# Il libro nero

Il libro nero. Nuovo diario di Gog (lit. 'The Black Book: Gog's New Diary') is a 1951 novel by the Italian writer Giovanni Papini. It is in the form of a diary with the views and adventures of the American millionaire Goggins, nicknamed Gog. It is the sequel to Papini's 1931 novel Gog. It was awarded the Premio Marzotto [it].

## Picasso quotation

The book contains fictitious interviews with famous people including Adolf Hitler, Guglielmo Marconi, Frank Lloyd Wright, Salvador Dalí and Pablo Picasso. A self-critical comment from the book's version of Picasso was quoted by several publications as genuine. In this comment, Picasso says: "When I am alone with myself, I have not the courage to think of myself as an artist in the great and ancient sense of the term. Giotto, Titian, Rembrandt and Goya were great painters; I am only a public entertainer who has understood his times and has exhausted as best he could the imbecility, the vanity, the cupidity of his contemporaries. Mine is a bitter confession, more painful than it may appear, but it has the merit of being sincere." Life, having published the quotation as genuine, published a correction in 1969 where it attributed it to Il libro nero and wrote that it reflects Papini's view of contemporaneous culture rather than Picasso's.
# Red Lodge

Red lodge may refer to:
* Red Lodge, Montana, United States
** Red Lodge Mountain Resort
** Red Lodge Airport
* Red Lodge, Norton, Runcorn, Cheshire, England
* Red Lodge, Suffolk, United Kingdom
* Red Lodge Museum, Bristol, United Kingdom
* Red Lodge Provincial Park, Alberta, Canada
* Red Lodge (United States), fraternity in the United States
# John Guiney

John Guiney may refer to:
* John Guiney (politician) (1868–1931), Irish nationalist politician and MP in the House of Commons
* John Guiney (athlete) (1882–1912), American shot putter
# Ikumo Dam

Ikumo Dam is a gravity dam located in Yamaguchi prefecture in Japan. The dam is used for power production. The catchment area of the dam is 212.1 km$^2$. The dam impounds about 7 ha of land when full and can store 346 thousand cubic meters of water. The construction of the dam was completed in 1953.
# John Edmund de Beauvoir

Sir John Edmund de Beauvoir, 2nd Baronet (10 December 1794 – 29 April 1869), known as John Edmund Browne until 14 October 1826, was a British Radical politician.
He was the son of Sir John Edmond Browne, 1st Baronet and Margaret Lorinan. Between 1825 and 1826, he married Mary Wright, daughter of Richard Wright, but after he death in 1831, he remarried to Laetitia Mann, daughter of Reverend Charles Mann and Susanna MacDougal on 16 March 1867. He was appointed a Knight on 9 March 1827, and succeeded as 2nd Baronet Browne of Palmerstown on 5 September 1835, upon his father's death.
De Beauvoir was elected Radical Member of Parliament for Windsor at the 1835 general election but was unseated four months later. While he attempted to regain the seat at the 1837 and 1841 general elections, he was unsuccessful.
He was also an officer in the 26th (Cameronian) Regiment of Foot.
# John Hooke

John Hooke may refer to:
* John Hooke (academic), 13th-century Chancellor of the University of Cambridge
* John Hooke (politician) (c. 1605 – 1685), Member of Parliament for Winchester
* John Hooke (judge) (1655–1712), Irish lawyer
# Imma semiclara

Imma semiclara is a moth in the family Immidae. It was described by Edward Meyrick in 1929. It is found on the Marquesas Islands in French Polynesia.
# Imma spanista

Imma spanista is a moth of the family Immidae. It was described by Edward Meyrick in 1930. It is found on New Guinea and Papua New Guinea.
# Imma strepsizona

Imma strepsizona is a moth in the family Immidae. It was described by Edward Meyrick in 1906. It is found on Sulawesi.
The wingspan is about 26 mm. The forewings are fuscous, irrorated (sprinkled) with dark fuscous and towards the base with pale ochreous. There is a small ochreous-yellowish basal spot beneath the costa and there are two suffused pale ochreous-yellowish transverse streaks enclosing a moderate fascia of ground colour partially mixed with pale yellowish, running from the middle of the costa to three-fourths of the dorsum, above the middle constricted and with streaks twice confluent. The wing beyond this fascia is wholly blackish fuscous. The hindwings are dark fuscous.
# John Heaviside (surgeon)

John Heaviside (died 1828) was an English surgeon known also as the owner of a museum. He was elected to the Royal Society in 1797.

## Life

He was born in Hatfield, Hertfordshire, the son of the surgeon John Heaviside (died 1787) and his wife, Mary Elliott, and was baptised in 1748. He was educated in Chipping Barnet, by David Garrow (1715–1805), father of William Garrow.
In 1764 Heaviside was apprenticed to Charles Dance, a surgeon in Chipping Barnet. He left before the apprenticeship was complete and was placed with Percivall Pott in London.
After a time at St Bartholomew's Hospital, Heaviside was an army surgeon in the Grenadier Guards until 1788. He became a royal surgeon in 1790. He inherited a fortune from his father, and bought a house in Hanover Square to live in, and also in 1793 the medical collection of the surgeon Henry Watson. The house, at 14 George Street, became celebrated as an anatomical museum, and Heaviside published a catalogue in 1818. His assistants included John Howship.
Heaviside was a member of the Eumelian Club founded by John Ash. He spent a week in Newgate Prison in 1803, after attending a duel, with damage to his reputation. After his death in 1828, the museum collection was sold at auction.