OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# IEC 62700

IEC Technical Specification 62700: DC Power supply for notebook computer is an IEC specification of a common standard for external laptop computer AC adapters. Laptops and AC adapters following this standard will have interchangeable power supplies, which will enable easy reuse of used power supplies (thereby reducing electronic waste) and make buying a new compatible power supply for a laptop simpler.
The specification was published on 6 February 2014.

## Alternatives

Despite being an industry open organization with open participation, the standard has been criticized by some for not being openly available for review. Some alternatives include:
* IEEE has a proposed standard Universal Power Adapter for Mobile Devices for laptops and other devices.
* The USB Promoters Group's USB Power Delivery ("PD") specification supports up to 240 W, and is intended to be able to power laptops.
* The EmPower adapter was intended for charging laptops on passenger aircraft.
# Ranotsara

Ranotsara is a small town in southern central Madagascar. It is 10 km west of Ambatomainty, Ikalamavony, in the Haute Matsiatra region of Fianarantsoa Province.
*Ranotsara* gap is ecologically equivalent to palghat gap of western ghat present in India.
* This Madagascar location article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
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# Ranorex

Ranorex Inc is a US information technology company that produces test automation software. Initially located in Graz, Austria, as of September 2021 the company headquarters was in Austin, Texas. Ranorex Studio is Ranorex Inc's flagship product.

## History

In 2004, Ranorex co-founder Jenö Herget was a programmer working on a software development team in Graz. The team wanted to automate the repetitive tasks inherent in software testing. Since Herget could find no suitable product on the market, he wrote his own testing tool. Convinced that there was a need for this type of product and assisted by his son Gabor Herget, Jenö Herget expanded the product and made it publicly available online for free in 2006 under the name "Ranorex". With assistance from EOSS Industries Holding GmbH, Jenö and Gabor Herget founded Ranorex in September 2007. At the time of the company founding, Ranorex was both the name of the company and of its flagship software testing product.
In January 2018 Ranorex was purchased by American software company Idera, Inc.
# Ranotsara Nord

Ranotsara Nord (or: Ranotsara Avaratra) is a rural municipality in Madagascar. It belongs to the district of Iakora, which is a part of Ihorombe Region. The population of the commune was 3,533 in 2018.
Ranotsara Nord has a riverine harbour. Primary and junior level secondary education are available in town. The majority 95% of the population of the municipality are farmers, while an additional 4% receives their livelihood from raising livestock. The most important crop is rice, while other important products are peanuts and beans. Services provide employment for 1% of the population.
It is situated at the Ionaivo river and the unpaved National road 16.

## Mining

The region is rich in deposits of sapphires, ruby and chrysoberyl.
# Joeten Enterprises

Joeten Enterprises, Inc. (also known as J. C. Tenorio Enterprises, Inc.) is a family-owned conglomerate in the Northern Marianas Islands that encompasses grocery stores, shipping services, automotive dealership, real estate, construction, and other businesses.

## History

In 1947, Jose Camacho "Joeten" Tenorio started a beer and soft drinks business using $200 of his personal savings. Two years later, Joeten and his wife Soledad sold their house to convert a dentist office into a beverage store and soon expanded into a grocery store.$^{:42}$ The Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands moved its headquarters from Guam to Saipan in 1962, improving the island's business climate. This allowed Tenorio to expand his grocery business to different venues. He opened the Joeten Center in 1963 which included grocery, hardware, and furniture businesses.
In the 1970s, J. C. Tenorio Enterprises continued to expand in different business enterprises, including a real estate firm, shopping malls, and construction supplies. During this time, the name "Joeten" became a popular abbreviation for these enterprises, starting as the company's telex address.$^{:57}$ Joeten Enterprises also expanded during this time by acquiring a Datsun dealership to form Joeten Motors in 1978. Joeten has opened two The Athlete's Foot stores, the first in Saipan in 1989 and the second in Guam in 2008. Joeten opened a grocery store in Kagman on May 15, 2009. On November 13, 2013 it opened an Ace Hardware store in Tinian.
Joeten received authorization in 1995 to fill part of a wetland to construct buildings and a parking lot Joeten Enterprises. In the November 1998 issue of the Guam Business News, Joeten Enterprises was ranked fourth in size of revenues with $124 million among the businesses of the Marianas Islands.$^{:80}$
After the US District Court struck down the CNMI's Weapons Control Act in 2016, Joeten officials stated that the company would not use its license to sell any handguns.
# Jody Gall

Jody Gall (born 6 June 1974) is an Australian former professional rugby league footballer who played for the Penrith Panthers and the North Queensland Cowboys in the NRL. He played as a prop and second row.
Gall played for the NSW City Origin team in 2001.

## Playing career

Gall made his first grade debut for Penrith against the Illawarra Steelers in round 10 1994 at Penrith Park which ended in a 26-26 draw.
In 1997, Penrith joined the rival Super League competition during the Super League war. Gall played in both of Penrith's finals matches as they made it to the semi-finals before they were eliminated by Canberra.
In 1999, Gall signed with North Queensland and spent one season with the club as they finished second last on the table. In 2000, Gall rejoined Penrith. At the end of the 2000 NRL season, Penrith finished 5th on the table and qualified for the finals. Gall played in both of Penrith's finals matches which ended in defeat.
In the 2001 NRL season, Gall played 17 games for Penrith as the club endured a horror season on the field finishing last and claimed the wooden spoon.
Gall's final game in the top grade came during the 2002 NRL season against North Queensland which ended in a 28-18 loss at Penrith Park in round 7.
# Ranjith Kumar Jayaseelan

Ranjith Kumar Jayaseelan is an Indian track and field para-athletics competitor. He won the bronze medal in the Men's Seated Discus Throw EAD at the 2006 Commonwealth Games, with a throw of 29.88 meters.
# Ranjith Premalal De Silva

Ranjith Premalal De Silva is a Sri Lankan professor of Agricultural engineering and former Vice Chancellor of the Uva Wellassa University. He is the founder President of Geo-Informatics Society of Sri Lanka. He is the current Vice-Chancellor of University of Vocational Technology. He is the Acting Director and CEO of National Institute of Fundamental Studies, Hantana, Kandy.

## Background

De Silva was educated at Nalanda College, Colombo before he proceeded to the University of Peradeniya where he obtained a bachelor's degree in Agricultural science. He later obtained a master's degree in Agricultural engineering from Asian Institute of Technology, Thailand before he received a postgraduate certificate in Water resources from the University for Foreigners Perugia. He received a doctorate degree in Agricultural Engineering from Cranfield University, United Kingdom.
In 2011 De Silva was appointed as the second Vice-Chancellor of Uva Wellassa University, replacing the inaugural Vice-Chancellor Prof. Chandra Embuldeniya. Prior to his appointment at Uva Wellassa University, de Silva was a professor of Geo-informatics in the Department of Agricultural Engineering at the University of Peradeniya. He was replaced as Vice-Chancellor by Dr G. Chandrasena in September 2014.
# Johann Böhm

Johann Böhm (20 January 1895 – 27 November 1952) was a German Bohemian chemist who focused on photochemistry and radiography. The aluminum-containing mineral boehmite (or böhmite) was named after him.

## Biography

Böhm studied at the German Polytechnic University in Prague and then worked with Fritz Haber in Berlin where he re-designed and considerably improved the Weissenberg x-ray goniometer. In 1926 George de Hevesy, then a professor at the University of Freiburg, invited Böhm to co-operate with him on a series of experiments in spectrographic analysis. Afterwards Böhm worked at Freiburg University as an assistant and later as an associate professor. From October 1935 he was a professor of physical chemistry at the German University in Prague. After World War II Böhm was allowed to remain in the country and become again a citizen of Czechoslovakia because he had been active in the anti-Nazi movement supporting Czech scientists such as Jaroslav Heyrovský, but was not permitted to continue his academic career. He worked in an industrial research institute in Rybitví (Výzkumný ústav organických syntéz). A few days before his death he was appointed Corresponding Member of the Czechoslovak Academy of Sciences.
He died in Prague on 27 November 1952.
# Ian M. Anderson

Ian Anderson is an American entrepreneur who founded The Afternoon Company, which includes the record label Afternoon Records.

## Background

Anderson started his own recording label, Afternoon Records, after graduating high school that evolved into The Afternoon Company, which is composed of Afternoon Records, Afternoon Printing, The Math Team Agency, Mead Hall Games & Comics, The Meadery, HeroesHearth, Swim Agency, Beta Beta Duh Media, and MFR Presents. He's known in the national independent music scene for signing promising young musicians, such as Yellow Ostrich (Barsuk), Haley Bonar, Sissy Wish (Sony BMG), Now, Now (Trans Records), Night Moves (Domino), We Shot The Moon, Mouthful of Bees, The Poison Control Center, We All Have Hooks For Hands and Bad Bad Hats.
Anderson was the founding member of Minneapolis angular indie band Aneuretical in his teens and later One for the Team who released four albums on Afternoon Records, Warner Music and Militia Group. Anderson is behind the popular music blog MFR and wrote a book, "Here Come The Regulars," which was published by Farrar Straus on October 20, 2009 and has been adopted in the United States as canon in Music Business secondary education. Anderson has a new band called Dream Brother that has appeared in several movies and television shows.
In 2012, Anderson opened Mead Hall Games & Comics in downtown Minneapolis. He went on to found The Meadery, a Magic: the Gathering social network, in the fall of 2013.
Anderson was the Music Coordinator for Fallout 4, which was released in November 2015.
# I Killed the Count (film)

I Killed the Count is a 1939 British mystery film directed by Frederic Zelnik and starring Ben Lyon, Syd Walker, Terence de Marney. It was shot at Highbury Studios.

## Synopsis

Cockney comedian Syd Walker plays it more or less straight as Scotland Yard Detective Inspector Davidson, at present trying to determine who murdered the much-hated Count Mattoni (Leslie Perrins). The dilemma isn't that the Detective is suffering from a lack of witnesses. In fact, four different people come forth to confess to the killing – each of them with plenty of motive and opportunity.

## Cast

* Ben Lyon as Bernard Froy
* Syd Walker as Detective Inspector Davidson
* Terence De Marney as Detective Sergeant Raines
* Barbara Blair as Renée la Lune
* Athole Stewart as Lord Sorrington
* Antoinette Cellier as Louise Rogers
* Leslie Perrins as Count Mattoni
* David Burns as Diamond
* Ronald Shiner as Mullet
* Aubrey Mallalieu as Johnson
* Kathleen Harrison as Polly
* Gus McNaughton as Martin

## Reception

Variety said after "a casual start, the story warms up and becomes exciting and entertainment."
# IET Smart Cities

IET Smart Cities is a quarterly peer-reviewed scientific journal on urban engineering and sciences, more specifically on all aspects of smart cities. It was established in 2019 and is published by Wiley on behalf of the Institution of Engineering and Technology. The editors-in-chief are William Webb (Webb Consulting) and Chai K. Toh (Gerson Lehrman Group and National Tsing Hua University).

## Abstracting and indexing

The journal is abstracted and indexed in:
* Ei Compendex
* Emerging Sources Citation Index
* Inspec
* Scopus
# Joe Meyers (tennis)

Joe Meyers is an American former professional tennis player.
Meyers, who grew up in Fremont, California, received a full tennis scholarship to San Jose State College.
Following his college career he competed on the professional tour and reached a career high ranking of 163 in the world. His best performance came at the 1982 Australian Open, where he had a first round win over a former finalist John Lloyd, then took Australia's John Fitzgerald to five sets in a second round loss.
# Joe Messina

Joseph Lucian Messina (December 13, 1928 – April 4, 2022) was an American guitarist. Dubbed the "white brother with soul", he was one of the most prolific guitarists in Motown Records' in-house studio band, the Funk Brothers.

## Early life

Messina was born in Detroit on December 13, 1928. He started playing the guitar when he was thirteen, after his father purchased one for him. Messina initially attended Central High School in his hometown, before studying music at Cass Technical High School. He eventually dropped out to focus on becoming a professional musician.

## Career

Messina first played in jazz clubs in Detroit starting in the late 1940s. By his mid-twenties, he was playing in the ABC Television studio band, accompanying such guests as Sonny Stitt, Charlie Parker, Stan Getz, Jack Teagarden, Lee Konitz, Jimmy Giuffre, Pepper Adams, Donald Byrd, Frank Rosolino, and Dizzy Gillespie. Also while at ABC, Messina played on The Soupy Sales Show, alongside guests such as Miles Davis and Charlie Parker.
In 1958, Motown Records founder Berry Gordy recruited Messina for his Hitsville U.S.A. studio musicians group, known as The Funk Brothers. In the 1960s and early 1970s, they recorded the instrumentals for hundreds of Motown hit records. During this time, Messina worked with performers such as Diana Ross & the Supremes, the Temptations, Marvin Gaye, the Four Tops, Stevie Wonder, and Smokey Robinson & the Miracles. Among the many Motown hits Messina played on are "Dancing in the Street" (Martha & the Vandellas, 1964), "I Can't Help Myself (Sugar Pie Honey Bunch)" (Four Tops, 1965), and "Your Precious Love" (Marvin Gaye & Tammi Terrell, 1967). Messina stopped playing guitar for 30 years after Berry Gordy took his Motown operation to Los Angeles in 1972, explaining how he "just had no interest".
Messina was the creator of an alternative music technique known as the Interval Study Method, which uses the chromatic and diatonic scales to create music. He continued to reside in Detroit until his death, where he performed as a jazz musician for a number of years. On March 21, 2013, The Funk Brothers were awarded a star on the Hollywood Walk Of Fame. The Funk Brothers were also the subject of the 2002 documentary Standing in the Shadows of Motown, in which Messina appeared extensively.

## Personal life

Messina was married to wife Josie who died in 2009. The couple had two children: Joel and Janice.
Messina died on April 4, 2022, at age 93 at his son's home in Northville, Michigan. He suffered from kidney disease during the last twelve years of his life.
# Ratmann Sacramentary

The Ratmann Sacramentary is an illuminated liturgical manuscript, which was produced in 1159 by a monk-priest named Ratmann and given to the cloister of St. Michael's in Hildesheim for the high altar.
Ratmann is probably the same as the Ratmann who appears in a deed of 1178 as the abbot of the cloister. The sacramentary is richly decorated, including a miniature, which shows Bishop Bernward of Hildesheim, the founder of the cloister, receiving the sacramentary from Ratmann, alongside the Archangel Michael (the patron of the cloister). Bernward was not canonised until well after the production of the sacramentary, but a provincial synod in Erfurt had permitted local veneration of him in 1150.
Around 1400 someone erased the original text and rewrote it. The high romanesque miniatures and illuminated initials from the twelfth century were retained, however. Such a reinscription of a manuscript, maintaining the contents and its liturgical function is extremely unusual. The manuscript is now kept in the Hildesheim Cathedral Museum.
The Stammheim Missal is a sister manuscript.
# Raucourt

Raucourt (French pronunciation:) is a commune in the Meurthe-et-Moselle department in north-eastern France.
# Iben Akerlie

Iben Marie Akerlie (born 5 March 1988) is a Norwegian actress, writer and children's book author who has appeared in several films. She made her debut as an author in autumn 2016 with the children's book Lars is LOL. She is best known for her roles in the TV series Mammon (since 2016) and her title role in Victoria (2013). She has also authored a children's literature novel titled Lars er LOL (2016).

## Biography

Akerlie has starred in the short film Bulle barre bor here, which was made by Sirin Eide. In 2001 she played in the film Glasskår , based on Harald Rosenløw Eeg's novel Glasskår where she had a small role as the girl Wendy. In 2013, now as an adult, she played the title role in the feature film Victoria, a film adaptation of Knut Hamsun's novel Victoria. In 2016, she had the role of the prime minister's daughter in season 2 of the NRK series Mammon. The following year she was in TV 2 's crime series Hvor er Thea? In 2017 she was in the film Rett vest and in 2019 De dødes tjern .
In 2023, she was current in the TV 2 series Innebandykrigerne . Akerlie has also participated in several seasons of the quiz program Alle mot alle on TVNorge , together with her regular partner Alex Rosén. She was also nominated for ARK's children's book award for Sommeren alt sichten i 2022.

## Filmography
### Films

| Year | Title | Role |
| 2013 | Victoria | Victoria |
| 2019 | Lake of Death | Lillian |
| 2020 | Mortal | Christine |
# ISO 3166-2:CX

ISO 3166-2:CX is the entry for Christmas Island in ISO 3166-2, part of the ISO 3166 standard published by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO), which defines codes for the names of the principal subdivisions (e.g., provinces or states) of all countries coded in ISO 3166-1.
Currently no ISO 3166-2 codes are defined in the entry for Christmas Island. The territory has no defined subdivisions.
Christmas Island is officially assigned the ISO 3166-1 alpha-2 code CX.
# Ibrahima Koné (footballer, born 1969)

Ibrahima Koné (born 26 July 1969) is a former Ivorian footballer who played as a midfielder for various clubs and the Ivory Coast national football team.
# Johann Christian Friedrich Hæffner

Johann Christian Friedrich Hæffner (2 March 1759 in Oberschönau – 28 May 1833 in Uppsala) was a German-born Swedish composer.
Hæffner received his first musical education with the Schmalkalden organist Johann Gottfried Vierling. He studied in Leipzig from 1776, and then worked as a music conductor in theatres in Frankfurt am Main and Hamburg from 1778 to 1780. He moved to Stockholm, Sweden in 1781 at the invitation of the German congregation there (Tyska kyrkan) to assume the position of organist, which he held until 1793. The same year (1781) he was employed at the Royal Theatre in Stockholm as well as conductor of the orchestra for the Stenborg theatres. In 1786 Hæffner was appointed assistant conductor of the Royal Orchestra (hovkapellet) and from 1795 to 1807 he held the post of hovkapellmästare (Chief conductor of the Royal Orchestra). He was also an instructor at the Royal Dramatic Training Academy. He was married twice, first to the Swedish actress and singer Elisabeth Forsselius.
Since King Gustaf IV Adolf closed the Royal Opera (and its orchestra) in 1807, Hæffner moved to Uppsala, where in 1808 he was appointed Director musices of the university and simultaneously was employed as organist of the cathedral. In Uppsala he organized the studentsång ("Student singing") - four-voice male choir singing. This practice rapidly spread to the other Nordic universities and is still today a coveted tradition, not only among university students, but for the last century also in many (most ?) male choirs all over Sweden. Hæffner's passion and work for this has procured for him the name Studentsångens fader ("Father of 'studentsång'). The starting point of this tradition is usually set to a performance of Under Svea banér (words by P.D.A. Atterbom, music by Hæffner) by a student choir celebrating the war hero Klingspor on 24 October 1808.
Hæffner composed three operas, theatre music, a mass, songs with piano accompaniment, and was responsible for the new Swedish chorale book in 1819. Noteworthy is his oratorio Försonaren på Golgatha ("The Saviour on Golgatha").
Hæffner died in Uppsala on 28 May 1833.

## Works

* Den svartsjuke sin egen rival, eller Sängkammareko (The Jealous is his own Rival, or Bed Chamber Echo"), theatre music, 1784
* Electra, opera, Swedish libretto by Adolf Fredrik Ristell after Nicolas François Guillard, 1787
* Alcides' inträde i världen, Opera in one act, Swedish libretto by Abraham Niclas Clewberg-Edelcrantz 1793
* Renaud, Opera, Swedish libretto by N. B. Sparrschöld after Torquato Tasso 1801
* Arias for Äfventyraren by Johan Magnus Lannerstjerna and for Eremiten by August von Kotzebue

## Sources

* Nordisk Familjebok 1909
# Illicit trade

Illicit trade is the production or distribution of a good or service that is considered illegal by a legislature. It includes trade that is strictly illegal in different jurisdictions, as well as trade that is illegal in some jurisdictions but legal in others.
Illicit trade can occur either in black markets or in legitimate markets. Some of the most important types of illicit trade include various forms of smuggling, the illegal drug trade, counterfeiting, human trafficking, the illicit tobacco trade, arms trafficking, illicit trafficking of cultural property, and various environmental crimes such as illegal wildlife trade, illegal logging and illegal fishing.

## International initiatives to combat illicit trade

While there are several international treaties for dealing with specific types of illicit trade, it is said that a cross-sector approach as well as increased collaboration and communication between stakeholders are necessary to address illicit trade more efficiently.
In 2013, the OECD launched a Task Force Countering on Illicit Trade, which focuses on developing evidence-based research and coordinating international expertise in quantifying and mapping illicit markets.
Since 2013, The World Customs Organization produces a yearly report on illicit trade which uses seizure data and case studies to study illicit trade flows.
In February 2020, UNCTAD held a Forum on illicit trade. One of the main focus of the event was to evaluate how illicit trade impacts negatively the Sustainable Development Goals.
According to the Global Initiative Against Transnational Organized Crime and to Tradeslab, not only the World Trade Organization has rather limited tools to deal with illicit trade, but it may also limit the ability of states to combat it.

## Measurements on illicit trade

By considering 12 different illicit markets, Global Financial Integrity estimated the value of illicit trade at $650 billion in 2011.
The UNODC estimated in 2012 that the illicit trade activities of transnational organized crime have a combined annual value of $870 billion per year.
The Economist Intelligence Unit developed in 2018 a Global Illicit Trade Index, which evaluates the structural capacities of 84 countries to fight illicit trade.

## Debates and controversies

Several authors and organizations assert that globalization has led to a significant increase of illicit trade, and that it has become a significant global threat. However, some authors argue that illicit trade has not necessarily grown in proportion to licit trade, and that a historical perspective is missing in the current assessment of its importance.