OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# John Brown (biography)

John Brown is a biography written by W. E. B. Du Bois about the abolitionist John Brown. Published in 1909, it tells the story of John Brown, from his Christian rural upbringing, to his failed business ventures and finally his "blood feud" with the institution of slavery as a whole. Its moral symbolizes the significance and impact of a white abolitionist at the time, a sign of threat for white slave owners and those who believed that only black people were behind the idea of freeing slaves.
Du Bois highlights the moment in Brown's childhood when he first became radicalized against slavery:
   But in all these early years of the making of this man, one incident stands out as foretaste and prophecy—an incident of which we know only the indefinite outline, and yet one which unconsciously foretold to the boy the life deed of the man. It was during the war that a certain landlord welcomed John to his home whither the boy had ridden with cattle, a hundred miles through the wilderness. He praised the big, grave and bashful lad to his guests and made much of him. John, however, discovered something far more interesting than praise and good food in the landlord's parlor, and that was another boy in the landlord's yard. Fellow souls were scarce with this backwoodsman and his diffidence warmed to the kindly welcome of the stranger, especially because he was black, half naked and wretched. In John's very ears the kind voices of the master and his folk turned to harsh abuse with this black boy. At night the slave lay in the bitter cold and once they beat the wretched thing before John's very eyes with an iron shovel, and again and again struck him with any weapon that chanced. In wide-eyed silence John looked on and questioned, Was the boy bad or stupid? No, he was active, intelligent and with the great warm sympathy of his race did the stranger "numerous little acts of kindness," so that John readily, in his straightforward candor, acknowledged him "fully if not more than his equal." (pp. 25–26)
It was this moment that Brown pledged to destroy slavery. Du Bois describes Brown as a biblical character: fanatically devoted to his abolitionist cause but also a man of rigid social and moral rules. Du Bois simultaneously describes Brown as a revolutionary, prophet and martyr, and declares him to be "a man whose leadership lay not in his office, wealth or influence, but in the white flame of his utter devotion to an ideal" (p. 135).
Du Bois showcases his studies on socialism and social Darwinism in this work. It is also a continuation of the examination of the genealogy of Blacks outlined in The Philadelphia Negro (1899) and The Souls of Black Folk (1903), that refutes the biological differences between Blacks and whites.
According to Du Bois, Brown was a man who based his fight against slavery not on social Darwinism, but on his personal values.
In 1997 a new edition appeared, with a new introduction and primary documents.
# John Brown (architect)

John Brown (1805–1876) was a 19th-century architect working in Norwich, in the county of Norfolk, England. His buildings include churches and workhouses.

## Life

He was the pupil of the architect William Brown of Ipswich, a close relative. He was, along with his two sons, the surveyor for Norwich Cathedral, where his work there included a restoration of the crossing tower, undertaken during the 1830s. He was appointed county surveyor for Norfolk in 1835.

## Works

Brown's works include:
* St Peter: Lowestoft, Suffolk; built 1833; white brick with no tower, Carpenter's Gothic style; demolished circa 1974
* St Michael's (St Michael the Greater): Stamford, Lincolnshire; built 1835–36; Early English style; by 2002 no longer used as a church
* Sudbury workhouse: Sudbury, Suffolk; built 1836(–37?) after enactment of the Poor Law Amendment Act 1834.
* The Norwich Yarn Factory (St James Mill): Norwich; built 1836–37.
* Workhouse at Lingwood, Norfolk; built 1837. Later called "Homelea". and since demolished.
* Workhouse at Great Yarmouth, Norfolk; built 1838. Later the Northgate Hospital. Described by Nikolaus Pevsner as "Red brick and still classical in its proportions and its details".
* All Saints, Hainford, Norfolk; 1838–40. Flint with red brick dressings; lancet windows.
* Christ Church: East Greenwich in south-east London; built 1847–49; Robert Kerr, co-architect
* St Margaret: Lee, London; built 1839–41
* Christchurch: New Catton, Norwich; built 1841.
* St Mark: New Lakenham, Norwich; built 1844; modified perpendicular style.
* St Matthew: Thorpe Hamlet, Norwich; built 1851; Neo-Norman style; Robert Kerr, co-architect; by 2002 offices.
* Corn Exchange, Fakenham, Norfolk; built 1855.
* St Peter & St Paul Bergh Apton, Norfolk; 1838. Major internal re-ordering for Revd John Thomas Pelham.
* Swaffham, Norfolk: The Shirehall; built 1839.
# Rayner Pusher

The Rayner Pusher is a homebuilt version of the Curtiss Pusher.

## Design and development

The Rayner Pusher is a single-seat, tricycle landing gear-equipped biplane with a pusher engine layout. The fuselage is welded steel tubing. The wings are fabric covered on top surfaces only. It uses a fuel tank mounted above the top wing.

## Specifications

Data from EAA., Air Trails Summer 1971
General characteristics
* Crew: 1
* Length: 17 ft (5.2 m)
* Wingspan: 21 ft (6.4 m)
* Height: 7 ft (2.1 m)
* Wing area: 140 sq ft (13 m$^2$)
* Empty weight: 600 lb (272 kg)
* Gross weight: 950 lb (431 kg)
* Fuel capacity: 10 gal
* Powerplant: 1 × Continental A-65 horizontally-opposed piston aircraft engine, 65 hp (48 kW)
* Propellers: 2-bladed
Performance
* Maximum speed: 65 kn (75 mph, 121 km/h)
* Cruise speed: 56 kn (65 mph, 105 km/h)
* Stall speed: 30 kn (35 mph, 56 km/h)
* Range: 160 nmi (180 mi, 290 km)
* Service ceiling: 8,000 ft (2,400 m)
* Rate of climb: 600 ft/min (3.0 m/s)
# Cecil Butcher

Cecil Frank Butcher (31 October 1872 – 22 March 1929) was an English cricketer. Butcher was a right-handed batsman who bowled right-arm fast-medium. He was born at Brighton, Sussex.
Butcher made his first-class debut for Sussex against Kent in 1894 County Championship at the County Ground, Hove. He made five further first-class appearances for Sussex, the last of which came against Lancashire in 1896 County Championship. Smith's role in a team was a bowler, in his six first-class matches for Sussex he took 9 wickets at an average of 39.44, with best figures of 3/107. With the bat, he scored 36 runs at an average of 3.00, with a high score of 13.
He died at Portslade, Sussex, on 22 March 1929.
# Centro de Alto Rendimiento Deportivo Pedro Candioti

The Centro de Alto Rendimiento Deportivo Pedro Candioti (known as Card) is a sports complex and IAAF Regional Development Centre in Santa Fe, Argentina.
It was opened in 1982 to host the II South American Games and since then it has hosted the 1983 South American Championships in Athletics; the 1985, 1994 and 2001 South American Junior Championships in Athletics; and the 1989 and 2001 Pan American Junior Athletics Championships, beside numerous seminars, congresses and courses.
# Intersindical Canaria

Intersindical Canaria is a left-wing nationalist trade union movement in the Canary Islands.

## History

Intersindical Canaria was founded in 1994, through the merger of Confederación Autónoma Nacionalista de Canarias (CANC), Sindicato Obrero de Canarias (SOC), Confederación Canaria de Trabajadores (CCT), Sindicato de Trabajadores de la Enseñanza de Canarias (STEC, teachers' union) and Sindicato Canario de la Salud (health care union). The organization advocates independence of the Canary Islands from Spain. It has a socialist and feminist profile. Intersindical Canaria joined the World Federation of Trade Unions in the period of 2006-2010.
The organization held its fourth congress in La Laguna in October 2009. In 2017 Aisha Hernández, a member of the union, was jailed after an altercation with the police when he made a graffiti that read "75% youth unemployment". The case has been very controversial.
# Joachim Herrmann

Joachim Herrmann may refer to:
* Joachim Herrmann (archaeologist), (1932–2010), East German archaeologist and academic
* Joachim Herrmann (CSU), (born 1956), German politician
* Joachim Herrmann (politician, born 1928)
# Rattle the Cage

Rattle the Cage (also known as Zinzana, meaning "cell" in Arabic) is a 2015 crime thriller film directed and co-written by Majid Al Ansari. It is reportedly the first film of its genre to be produced in the United Arab Emirates.

## Plot

The film is about a man, held in a cell in a remote police station for a minor disturbance, who becomes involuntarily involved in a plan by a corrupt and violent police officer.

## Cast

* Saleh Bakri as Talal
* Ali Suliman as Dabaan
* Yasa as Aida
* Ahd Kamel as Wafa (credited as Ahd)
* Abdall Bu Abed as Sherif Usman

## Reception

The film was called a "world-class neo-noir thriller" by Joe Leydon writing for Variety (magazine). It was also praised by the reviewers for Huffington Post and The Austin Chronicle.
# John Norton Oxley

John Norton Oxley (23 March 1824 – 24 March 1891) was an Australian farmer and politician. He was a member of the New South Wales Legislative Assembly for one term between 1856 and 1857.

## Early life

Oxley was the eldest son of the noted explorer and colonial surveyor-general, John Oxley. He was educated at The King's School, Parramatta and undertook a grand tour of Europe between 1842 and 1845. On his return to Australia he farmed his father's property "Kirkham Estate" initially growing lucerne but later converting to cereal crops. Together with his brother and fellow parliamentarian, Henry Oxley, he received a government grant of 5,000 acres in the Camden area.

## Colonial Parliament

In 1856 Oxley was elected unopposed as one of the two members for Western Division of Camden in the first New South Wales Legislative Assembly under responsible government. His parliamentary performance was uninspiring and he did not hold office. He was defeated at the next election in 1858. One further attempt to re-enter parliament in 1859 for the district of Narellan was also unsuccessful.

## Spouse

Oxley married Ann Lydia (Platt) at Morpeth on 26 May 1851, they had one child before she died at Morpeth NSW 9 September 1852,. He married Harriet Jane (Hassall) at Narellan on 15 February 1854 and had five daughters and three sons.
# Information loss

Information loss may refer to:
* Data loss in information systems
** lossy compression
** Digital obsolescence
* Black hole information paradox in theoretical physics
# Raymond Reiter

Raymond Reiter FRSC (/ˈraɪtər/; June 12, 1939 – September 16, 2002) was a Canadian computer scientist and logician. He was one of the founders of the field of non-monotonic reasoning with his work on default logic, model-based diagnosis, closed-world reasoning, and truth maintenance systems. He also contributed to the situation calculus.

## Awards and honors

He was a Fellow of the Association for Computing Machinery (ACM), an AAAI Fellow, and a Fellow of the Royal Society of Canada. He won the IJCAI Award for Research Excellence in 1993.

## Publications

* R. Reiter (1978). On closed world data bases. In H. Gallaire and J. Minker, editors, Logic and Data Bases, pages 119–140. Plenum., New York.
* R. Reiter (1980). A logic for default reasoning. Artificial Intelligence, 13:81-132.
* R. Reiter (1987). A theory of diagnosis from first principles. Artificial Intelligence, 32:57-95.
* R. Reiter (1991). The frame problem in the situation calculus: a simple solution (sometimes) and a completeness result for goal regression. In Vladimir Lifschitz, editor, Artificial Intelligence and Mathematical Theory of Computation: Papers in Honor of John McCarthy, pages 359–380. Academic Press, New York.
* R. Reiter (2001) Knowledge in Action: Logical Foundations for Specifying and Implementing Dynamical Systems (448 pp.). The MIT Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts and London, England.
* R. Reiter and J. de Kleer (1987). Foundations of assumption-based truth maintenance systems: Preliminary report. In Proceedings of the Sixth National Conference on Artificial Intelligence (AAAI'87), pages 183–188.
* H. Levesque, F. Pirri, and R. Reiter (1998). Foundations for the situation calculus Electronic Transactions on Artificial Intelligence, 2(3–4):159-178.
* F. Pirri and R. Reiter (1999). Some contributions to the metatheory of the Situation Calculus Journal of the ACM, 46(3):325–361. doi:10.1145/316542.316545
# John Crittle

Kenneth Malcolm John Crittle (15 December 1943 – 2 May 2000) was an Australian fashion designer and retailer, a co-founder of Dandie Fashions in 1966.

## Early life

Kenneth Malcolm John Crittle was born in Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. He was one of seven children of Charles Crittle and Sylvia Golden Crittle (née Rose). His brother, Peter Crittle, played 15 times for the Australian national rugby union team and was later a barrister. Through his mother, Crittle was a direct descendant of Thomas Rose, the English farmer who in 1793 was the first free settler to reach Australia.

## Career

Crittle arrived in London from Australia in 1963 and by 1965 was working for Michael Rainey in his Chelsea boutique Hung On You.
The London fashion boutique Dandie Fashions was opened in Autumn 1966, following a chance encounter at the Speakeasy Club between Freddie Hornik and Alan Holston, who then got together with Crittle and the Guinness heir Tara Browne, and launched the new business.
Dandie Fashions was initially at Kensington Mews, South Kensington, but quickly relocated to 161 King's Road, Chelsea in October 1966. Crittle and Tara Browne wanted a retail outlet for their new tailoring company Foster and Tara. In December 1966, Browne died in a car crash, while he was on his way to discuss shop front designs with the graphic artist David Vaughan. Crittle bought his share of the business. His clients included Princess Margaret, the Beatles and the Rolling Stones.
In 1968, Crittle's mother Sylvia arrived from Australia, but it being too late to book into a hotel, slept on the sofa in his King's Road store. Waking in the morning and ascending the staircase, she briefly thought that she saw Jesus in a long white robe with a halo at the top of the stairs. It was actually Jimi Hendrix in his dressing gown, and his "halo" was his expansive afro haircut backlit by the sun. According to Sylvia, he said "Hello, my name's Jimi. John told me I could sleep here tonight".
Crittle returned to Australia in 1974.

## Personal life

Crittle and his then-girlfriend, the model Andrea Williams had a daughter in 1969, the ballet dancer Darcey Bussell (born Marnie Mercedes Darcey Pemberton Crittle). However, Crittle and Williams split up when Bussell was very young, and he returned to Australia, leaving the family in London. In 1975, Andrea Williams married the dentist Philip Bussell. Bussell makes no mention of Crittle in her autobiography.
Crittle also had two other children, Natasha Delahunt Crittle and Jack Paris Kingdom Crittle.
Crittle, who had been a heavy smoker for all of his adult life, died from emphysema on 2 May 2000, and is buried in Mullumbimby cemetery.
# Raydale

Raydale (also known as Raydaleside) is a dale on the south side of Wensleydale in North Yorkshire, England. The northern part of the dale is the valley of the River Bain, which flows out of Semerwater, one of very few lakes in the Yorkshire Dales. Above the lake the dale is drained by smaller becks, and is joined by two smaller dales, Cragdale on the east and Bardale on the west.
There are three hamlets in the dale, Countersett, Marsett and Stalling Busk. The village of Bainbridge lies at the mouth of the dale.
The dale is a broad, flat-bottomed U-shaped valley, with a significant woodland cover around Semerwater and the other water courses.
# John Books

John Cameron Books (21 June 1941 – 17 August 2017) was an Australian politician. He was the Liberal member for Parramatta in the New South Wales Legislative Assembly from 1988 to 1991.
Books was born in Sydney and attended Christian schools. He qualified as a metallurgist at Wollongong Technical College and at Launceston before training at Port Kembla. He became a production superintendent with Comalco aluminium and New South Wales manager of Steelstocks Industries Pty Ltd and Artcraft Engineering, as well as an associate of the Australian Institute of Management. A member of the Liberal Party, he was elected to various councils and served as Mayor of Parramatta 1983–84.
In 1988, Books defeated Labor MP Barry Wilde to win the state seat of Parramatta. He won by less than 300 votes, helped by Democrat preferences. After the 1991 redistribution, however, the seat became notionally Labor, and Books was defeated by Andrew Ziolkowski.
# John Barnewall (recorder)

Sir John Barnewall (c.1635-c.1705) was an Irish landowner, barrister and judge, who held several judicial offices, including that of Recorder of Dublin 1687-9.

## Background

He was born in County Meath, a member of the Crickstown branch of the prominent Barnewall family, which held the title Baron Trimlestown. His grandfather, Sir Patrick Barnewall, was the first of the Barnewall Baronets. John was the second son of Sir Richard Barnewall, 2nd Baronet, and Julia, daughter of Sir Gerald Aylmer, 1st Baronet of Donadea, County Kildare and his wife Julia (or Juliana) Nugent, daughter of Christopher Nugent, 6th Baron Delvin.

## Career

He entered the Inner Temple in 1673 and the King's Inns in 1678. His practice as a barrister seems to have been lucrative: while his father had suffered heavy losses during the English Civil War, and only recovered a fraction of his estates at the Restoration, John was wealthy enough to purchase Ballybrittan Castle, near Edenderry, County Offaly.
Since the Barnewall family were staunch Roman Catholics, John was an acceptable choice of judge to the Catholic King James II. In 1687 he was knighted, and became Third Serjeant and Recorder of Dublin. In 1689 he became a Baron of the Court of Exchequer (Ireland). After the downfall of James's cause at the Battle of the Boyne, John was removed from office, but his wealth and family connections apparently protected him from any other reprisals by the new regime, which was inclined to be conciliatory towards those of its former opponents who promised to keep the peace.

## Family and descendants

He married Thomasine Preston, daughter of Anthony Preston, 2nd Viscount Tara and his wife and cousin Margaret Warren. Their only daughter and heiress Mary (or Margaret) married, in 1703, her cousin John Barnewall, 11th Baron Trimlestown. Lord Trimlestown died in 1746, and Mary died at a great age in 1771. They had ten children, including
* Robert Barnewall, 12th Baron Trimlestown (c.1704-1779)
* Anthony Barnewall (1721-1739), an army officer, who was said to be a young man of "great promise". He entered the Austrian service, and was killed, aged only eighteen, at the Battle of Grocka, a decisive victory for the Ottoman Sultan, who seized Belgrade
* Richard, father of Nicholas, 14th Baron Trimlestown
* Margaret, who married James Butler, 8th Viscount Mountgarret
* Thomasine, who married Janico Preston, 10th Viscount Gormanston
* Bridget, who married Robert Martyn of Ballynahinch Castle
# Ray Bisby

Ray Bisby was the acting Police and Crime Commissioner for Cambridgeshire until May 2021, representing the Conservative Party. He is also a Councillor at Peterborough City Council for the Stanground South Ward.
He was appointed to the post in November 2019 following the resignation of Jason Ablewhite who resigned after a social media scandal. He was succeeded by Darryl Preston of the Conservative Party.
# John Currie (soccer)

John Currie was a U.S. soccer player who earned two caps with the U.S. national team in 1937. His first game with the national team in a 7–2 loss to Mexico on September 12, 1937. His second game was two weeks later, a 7–3 loss to Mexico.
# Recompense

Recompense may refer to:
* Financial compensation,
* Recompense (film), a lost 1925 American drama film
# Recep Çelik

Recep Çelik (born 10 June 1983 in Diyarbakır, Turkey) is a Turkish racewalker. The 177 cm (5.81 ft) tall athlete weighs 60 kg (130 lb), and is a member of the İzmir Büyükşehir Belediyespor, where he is coached by Nikolai Radionov. He graduated 2004 in physical education and sports from the Vocational College of Aksaray at Niğde University before he studied Regional Public Administration at Anadolu University.
He is the holder of the national records in 10 km walk (road) and 20 km walk (road). Recep Çelik represented Turkey in the 20km race walk event at the 2008 Olympics in Beijing. He is qualified to take part in the same event at the 2012 Olympics in London.
Çelik won the 20km event of the 2011 Balkan Race Walking Championship held on April 9 in Bucharest, Romania, clocking 1:22.31 and setting a new Turkish record.
He qualified for participation in the 20 km walk event at the 2012 Summer Olympics.

## Doping

Çelik tested positive for the anabolic steroid Metenolone in May 2012, and was subsequently handed a two-year ban from sports.

## Personal bests

According to IAAF database, his personal bests are:
* 10 km walk: 40:44 min (2011)
* 20,000 m walk: 1:23:49.9 hrs (2011)
* 20 km walk: 1:22:31 hrs (2011) NR
# John Clayton Gifford

John Clayton Gifford (February 8, 1870 – June 25, 1949) was a naturalist and forester who was the first American to hold a PhD in forestry.

## Early life and education

Born in 1870 in the Mays Landing, New Jersey, he received a BSc in 1890 from Swarthmore College and later studied forestry in Germany. He worked as an associate professor at Cornell University.

## Career

In 1902, he moved to the Coconut Grove neighborhood in Miami, where he became an entrepreneur and land developer. He was an ardent supporter of draining the Everglades and started experimenting by planting Cajeput trees.
He wrote articles for the Miami Herald's Tropic magazine. He wrote The Everglades and other essays relating to southern Florida (1911).
He introduced Melaleuca trees to Florida in the 1900s. Melaleuca quinquenervia subsequently invaded large areas of South Florida, displacing native wetland and upland vegetation.
He later was employed at the University of Miami as a Professor of tropical forestry.
The John C. Gifford Arboretum at the University of Miami was named for him in 1949. It was established in 1947 and currently has collection of over 500 plants.

## Writings

* Notes collected during a visit to the forests of Holland, Germany, Switzerland, and France. By John Gifford. From the Annual report of the State Geologist for 1896
* The forestal conditions and silvicultural prospects of the coastal plain of New Jersey, with remarks in reference to other regions and kindred subjects (1900)
* The Luquillo Forest Reserve, Porto Rico (1905)
* On Preserving Tropical Florida compiled by Elizabeth Ogren Rothra
* Practical forestry for beginners in forestry agricultural students woodland owners and others desiring a general knowledge of the nature of the art (1912)
* The Tropical Subsistence Homestead
* The Keys and Glades of South Florida: The Rehabilitation of the Floridan Keys; The Reclamation of the Everglades with Trees