OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# George Orwell Memorial Prize

The George Orwell Memorial Prize was an annual prize awarded by Penguin Publishing for articles or essays on current political, cultural or social issues.
Penguin announced the founding of the Prize on 2 January 1976. The award for the first year was £500, with the winner chosen by a panel of five judges. Only articles that had been published in Britain during the past year were eligible for the Prize. The article also had to be sponsored by the editor of the publication that it appeared in. In 1977 the award was raised to £750.

## Winners

| Year | Winner(s) |
| 1976 | Ludvík Vaculík, 'Impermissible Thoughts', Index on Censorship, Vol 4, Issue 4 (1 December 1975), pp. 12–14. |
| 1977 | John Berger, 'Drawn to that Moment', New Society. |
| 1978 | Paul Bailey, 'The Limitations of Despair', The Listener. |
| 1979 | Christopher Ricks, 'Geoffrey Hill and the Tongue's Atrocity', Times Literary Supplement. |
| 1980 | David Marquand, 'Inquest on a Movement: Labour's Defeat & Its Consequences', Encounter (July 1979), pp. 8–17. E. P. Thompson for a series of articles that appeared in New Society on the rule of law in relation to the ABC trial. |
| 1986 | Richard Thornley for his film-project Coyote. |
# Cercle Municipal

The Cercle Municipal or Cercle Cité is a building in Luxembourg City, in southern Luxembourg. It is located at the eastern end of the Place d'Armes, in the historic central Ville Haute quarter of the city.

## History

On a site where there had previously been a building intended as a Cercle littéraire but which finally housed a restaurant by the name of Beim Gréitchen, the city decided to construct a grand administrative building. The design competition launched in 1902 was won in 1904 by Pierre and Paul Funck, a father and son team. The administration started to move into the neo-baroque building in 1909 but the official inauguration was in 1910. On the front, above the balcony, is a frieze depicting the granting of the city charter to Luxembourg City in 1244.
The building hosted the Court of Justice of the European Coal and Steel Community, which was established in Luxembourg in 1952, until 1969. It was used as the venue of public hearings of the court until a more permanent venue could be found, whilst other work was conducted at the Villa Vauban, in the Municipal Park.
Through 2020 and 2021, due to restrictions imposed by the COVID-19 pandemic, the Cercle Municipal became the meeting place of the Chamber of Deputies.

## Renovation and reopening

In 2006, comprehensive renovation and restoration work was carried out on the Cercle in order to transform it into a convention and exhibition centre. The work was completed in April 2011 providing not only enhancements to the Grande Salle and the Foyer but also to the cellar, which can now house exhibitions, and the former loft, now the fifth floor, where four rooms form a new conference centre. It took on the name Cercle-Cité after an adjacent building on the site of the former Ciné Cité was connected to the Cercle by means of a bridge over the Rue Genistre in order to expand the Cercle's facilities.
# 2-Formylbenzoate dehydrogenase

2-Formylbenzoate dehydrogenase (EC 1.2.1.78, 2-carboxybenzaldehyde dehydrogenase, 2CBAL dehydrogenase, PhdK) is an enzyme with systematic name 2-formylbenzoate:NAD$^+$ oxidoreductase. This enzyme catalyses the following chemical reaction
    2-formylbenzoate + NAD$^+$ + H$_2$O $\rightleftharpoons$ o-phthalic acid + NADH + H$^+$
The enzyme is involved in phenanthrene degradation.
# Helcystogramma flavifuscum

Helcystogramma flavifuscum is a moth in the family Gelechiidae. It was described by Hou-Hun Li and Hui Zhen in 2011. It is found in Guangxi, China.
The wingspan is about 10.5 mm.
# Kanya (disambiguation)

Kanyā is a month of the Indian solar calendar.
Kanya may also refer to:

## Places

* Kánya, a town in Hungary
* Kanye, Botswana, a town

## People
### Given name

* Kanya Bharathi, Indian actress
* Kanya D'Almeida, Sri Lankan writer
* Kanya King (born 1969), British entrepreneur
* Kanya Kounvongsa (born 1990), Laotian footballer
* Kanya Rattanapetch (born 1989), Thai model and actress
* Kanya Thiensawang (1914–1960), Thai beauty pageant winner
* Kanya Viljoen (born 1994), South African actress

### Surname

* Emilia Kánya (1830–1905), Hungarian feminist writer
* Kanya Fujimoto (born 1999), Japanese footballer
* Kálmán Kánya (1869–1945), Hungarian foreign minister
# Hinduism in Hong Kong

"none" is preferred when the title is sufficiently descriptive; see [[WP:SDNONE]]
Hinduism is a minor faith in Hong Kong growing with South Asian birth growth. It is practised by descendants of migrants from the Indian subcontinent who are mainly businessmen. Hinduism is represented by 0.5% of Hong Kong population. There are 40,000 Hindus as of 2010. In 2016, it increased to 1.3% with 100,000 Hindus.
| Year | Percent | Population |
| 2007 | 0.6% | 40,000 |
| 2010 | 0.6% | 40,000 |
| 2016 | 1.3% | 100,000 |

## Contemporary Society

Hindu holidays of Holi is celebrated by Hindus as well as non-Hindus, for example, Diwali at Tsim Sha Tsui, where many South Asians in Hong Kong lived and worked in. Many Indian restaurants, particularly the vegetarian ones, are owned by Hindus. There is a Hindu crematorium in Cape Collins. The International Society for Krishna Consciousness has a centre in Hong Kong established in 1981.

## Notable Establishments
### Happy Valley Temple

This temple acts as the central nexus for around one hundred thousand Hindus in Hong Kong, and not only performs traditional poojas, weddings and other religious ceremonies, but also acts as a gatekeeper to the Commonwealth War Memorial and operates a crematorium in Cape Collins. The temple is managed by the Hindu Association of Hong Kong.
Located on the hillside behind the Hindu Temple at 1B Wong Nei Chong Road (opposite side from the Happy Valley Racecourse) there exists a Commonwealth War Graves Commission (CWGC) memorial to 8 Hindu and Sikh soldiers whose mortal remains were cremated at the cremation ground behind the Hindu temple. A large white granite obelisk bearing the names of eight Indian soldiers who served in Hong Kong to assist with colonial defence of the Hong Kong garrison during the First World War. As with Commonwealth War Graves Commissions (CWGC) memorials all over the world, the military memorial is open to the general public and access is through the staircase at the rear of the Hindu Temple.
# Oberea sansibarica

Oberea sansibarica is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Harold in 1880.
# Rebecca Salazar

Rebecca Salazar is a Canadian poet, whose poetry collection sulphurtongue was shortlisted for the Governor General's Award for English-language poetry at the 2021 Governor General's Awards.
Originally from Sudbury, Ontario, Salazar is currently based in Fredericton, New Brunswick, where she is a doctoral student at the University of New Brunswick. She previously published the collections Guzzle (2016) and the knife you need to justify the wound (2018). Her latest collection, sulphurtongue (2021) was final-listed for the 2021 Governor General’s Award for Poetry.
# Notagonum altum

Notagonum altum is a species of ground beetle in the subfamily Platyninae. It was described by Darlington in 1952.
# Oberweiler

Oberweiler is a municipality in the district of Bitburg-Prüm, in Rhineland-Palatinate, western Germany.
# North of England Refugee Service

The North of England Refugee Service (NERS) is an independent and charitable organisation which exists to meet the needs and represent the interests of asylum seekers and refugees who have arrived or have settled in the North East of England.
NERS acts as an agent of positive change in order to improve the conditions of life for asylum seekers and refugees and promote social inclusion by facilitating their integration and equal participation within British society.

## History

The North of England Refugee Service was established in 1989. It is an independent charitable organisation, and exists to meet the needs and promote the interests of asylum seekers and refugees who have arrived or have settled in the North of England.
   NERS acts as an agent of positive change in order to improve the everyday life conditions of asylum seekers and refugees, and to promote social inclusion by facilitating their integration and equal participation within British society.
Since April 2000 NERS has been operating the One Stop Service contract in the North east. This service is available to all asylum seekers who are entitled to support from the Home Office "National Asylum Support Service" (NASS) which was established under the Immigration and Asylum Act 1999.
As well as working directly with asylum seekers, NERS is also involved in a host of other refugee related work. Their website features the work in detail and reports opinions on issues related to their work.
The North of England Refugee Service works in partnership with many other refugee organisations, including the British Red Cross, Refugee Council, Scottish Refugee Council, Welsh Refugee Council, Northern Refugee Centre, and Refugee Action.

## Work

The North of England Refugee Service's head office at Newcastle upon Tyne, along with other offices in Sunderland and Middlesbrough. The charity's main activities are providing support and advice to asylum seekers and refugees themselves as well as to other organisations, undertaking research and policy work, and campaigning on behalf of refugees and asylum seekers. The Refugee Service is a member organisation of the Asylum Support Partnership.

### Support and advice

North of England Refugee Service has received exemption from the OISC to provide immigration advice. The Regional offices provide services to asylum seekers and refugees including:
* Advice about where to apply for support, and help with applying;
* Information about the UK's 'dispersal policy';
* Information about other services which can assist;
* Help with problems with accommodation, racial harassment, physical and mental health; and
* Help with appealing against rejection of a UKBA support application.
These services are available either in the North of England Refugee Service offices or on the phone.

### Campaigning

The North of England Refugee Service has been campaigning on Asylum issues and supports the Refugee Council campaign Proud to Protect pledge which with the help of celebrity supporters gathered over 10,000 signatures.
# Helcystogramma furvimaculare

Helcystogramma furvimaculare is a moth in the family Gelechiidae. It was described by Hou-Hun Li and Hui Zhen in 2011. It is found in Guizhou, China.
The wingspan is about 16 mm.
# Stigmella fluida

Stigmella fluida is a moth of the family Nepticulidae. It was described by Edward Meyrick in 1911. It is found in South Africa (it was described from Transvaal).
# Stigmella fuscotibiella

Stigmella fuscotibiella is a moth of the family Nepticulidae. It is found in North America in Ohio, Pennsylvania, Kentucky, Colorado, Maine, Massachusetts, Ontario and Nova Scotia.
The wingspan is 4-4.5 mm. There are at least three generations per year and larvae may be collected from June until the end of October.
The larvae feed on Salix species, including S. nigra and S. discolor. They mine the leaves of their host plant.
# Stiria consuela

Stiria consuela is a species of moth in the owlet moth family Noctuidae. It is found in North America.
# Helanshan montane conifer forests

The Helanshan montane conifer forests ecoregion (WWF ID: PA0508) covers an isolated, forested mountain range surrounded by desert and semi-arid basins. As such, it has been called a "mountain island in the sky", and supports endemic species of plants and animals. The region supports the endangered Helan Shan pika.

## Location and description

The Helan Mountains ecoregions lies to the east of the Alashan Plateau semi-desert ecoregion, and to the west of the Ordos plateau steppe ecoregion. It is thus surrounded by arid basins. The mountain range is 180 km long, and reaches a peak altitude of 3,556 meters. The lower valleys between ridges are less forested.

## Climate

The climate of the ecoregion is cold semi-arid (Köppen climate classification (BSk)). This climate is generally characterized as a 'steppe' climate, with precipitation greater than a true desert, and also a colder temperature.

## Flora and fauna

Within the ecoregion, tree cover depends on the altitude zone. The lower slopes of the mountains are semi-arid, supporting short Siberian elm (Ulmus pumila) trees near intermittent streams. The valleys also support stands of Chinese red pine (Pinus tabuliformis). Higher on the hillsides are drought-adapted shrubs of rose, elm, caranga, ostryopsis (a type of birch tree), and juniper. At the highest elevations, tree cover is mostly dragon spruce (Picea asperata), birch and poplar.
# Helan Shan pika

The Helan Shan pika or silver pika (Ochotona argentata) is a species of mammal in the pika family, Ochotonidae. It is endemic to China where it is found in a small region of the Helan Mountains. It is listed as "Endangered" in the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species as of 2016.

## Description

Like other pikas, the Helan Shan pika has long, soft grayish-brown fur. It is related to rabbits and hares but unlike those animals, the limbs are all about the same length. The ears are small and rounded and the feet are covered with fur. It grows to a length of about 22 cm (9 in).

## Distribution and habitat

The Helan Shan pika is known only from the Helan Mountains in the Inner Mongolian Autonomous Region of China which lie between the semi-arid Ordos Desert and the Yellow River Valley to the east and the Badain Jaran Desert to the west. Upland areas are clad in coniferous forests of dragon spruce (Picea asperata) with a lower layer of birch (Betula spp.) and poplar (Populus spp.). On the more exposed, open slopes, scrub species include the Manchu rose (Rosa xanthina), Caragana spp., the Gansu elm (Ulmus glaucescens), the hazel-hornbeam (Ostryopsis davidiana), the yellowhorn (Xanthoceras sorbifolia) and the temple juniper (Juniperus rigida). The Helan Shan pika occupies rocky outcrops among the trees and scrub and has been found up to 20 metres (66 ft) deep in the entrances of disused mines.

## Biology

The Helan Shan pika lives among boulders and scree and makes its home deep in the crevices between stones. It is a herbivore and feeds on grass and other vegetation which it gathers in meadow areas adjoining the scree. It does not hibernate and, to help provide for the winter when food is scarce, it makes "haypiles" of dried grass and foliage during the summer and stores them underground.

## Status

The Helan Shan pika is known only from a high altitude site of 3 square kilometres (1.2 sq mi) in a single mountain range in China. Its population size is unknown but is likely to be decreasing as a result of logging activities within its range resulting in loss of habitat. It cannot tolerate high temperatures and any warming of the climate is likely to have negative impacts on the species. For these reasons, the IUCN in its Red List of Threatened Species lists this animal as being "Endangered".
# Steven Finn (disambiguation)

Steven Finn (born 1989) is an England cricketer.
Steven Finn or Steve Finn may also refer to:
* Steven Finn (ice hockey) (born 1966), former Canadian NHL player
* Steve Finn, character from the novel Lost Souls
# Helen Wu

Helen Wu (born 1956) is a Chinese Muslim martial artist living in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. The daughter of Wang Jurong and Wu Chengde, she began her martial arts training at age three with her mother and her grandfather, Wang Ziping, the world-renowned Wushu Grandmaster.

## Education and research

After graduating from Shanghai University, Wu began teaching in the Department of Sports Medicine.
Currently, Wu lives and teaches in Toronto, Ontario, Canada, where she has served on the board of the Canadian Taijiquan Federation and United Wushu Federation of Canada. She is also a faculty member at the York University School of Kinesiology and Health Science.
Wu has acted as a consultant on several studies examining the benefits of qigong:
* The Effects of Vigorous Exercise Training on Motor Function and Functional, Fitness in Juvenile Arthritis. Dr. Brian M Feldman
* Feasibility and Impact of Qigong as Compared to Aerobic Exercise in the Treatment of Childhood Chronic Musculo-Skeletal Pain: A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial, Dr Shirley ML Tse MD FRCPC; Dr. Brian M Feldman

## Professional accomplishments

Wu has coached several medal-winning athletes.
* Silver Medal, Group Events Category, U.S.A All-Taijiquan Competition (1999)
* 19 Medals including Silver and Bronze All-Round Grand Championships, U.S.A All-Taijiquan Competition (2000)
* 23 Medals including Bronze All-Round Grand Championships, U.S.A All-Taijiquan Competition (2001)
Wu co-authored with Wen-Ching Wu Tai Chi Single Fan for Health and Martial Arts and Chi-Kung, Tai Chi and Fan: A Step by Step Training Course for Wellness and Personal Development. There were used as a text for her courses at York University.
Wu has also published articles for martial arts magazines: Flying Rainbow: The Fan of Martial Arts co-authored with Marsha Zeust for Kungfu Magazine (1999) and A Fan for Life for Inside Kung-fu magazine (2007).
# Stock mine

The Stockmine ("stick mine"), also Betonmine ("concrete mine"), was a German anti-personnel stake mine used during the Second World War. It consisted of a cylindrical concrete main body on top of a short wooden stake. The concrete head contained a small TNT bursting charge, and was embedded with a number of metal fragments. A fuze is fitted to a central fuze well on the top of the mine. It could be used with a range of fuzes including the ZZ 35, ZZ 42 and ZU ZZ 35 that would trigger on either a tripwire pull or release.
A number of copies of the mine were produced after the war by different countries including the Cuban PMFC-1, the Czechoslovakian PP-Mi-Sb, and the Yugoslavian PMR-2 which is found in Bosnia and Croatia.

## Specifications

| | Stock Mine | PMFC-1 | PMR-2 | PP Mi-Sb |
| Height (excluding stake) | 165 mm (6.5 in) | 150 mm (5.9 in) | 180 mm (7.1 in) (approx) | 140 mm (5.5 in) |
| Diameter | 70 mm (2.8 in) | 75 mm (3 in) | 80 mm (3.1 in) | 75 mm (3 in) |
| Weight | 2 kg (4 lb 7 oz) | 2 kg (4 lb 7 oz) | 2.2 kg (4 lb 14 oz) | 2.1 kg (4 lb 10 oz) |
| Explosive content | 100 g (3.5 oz) | 75 g (2.6 oz) of TNT | 75 g (2.6 oz) of TNT | 75 g (2.6 oz) of TNT |
| Operating pressure | various | 1–15 kg (2–33 lb) | 3 kg (7 lb) pull | 1–15 kg (2–33 lb) pull |
# Stige

Stige is a large village and northern suburb of Odense, in Funen, Denmark. It lies on the northern side of the Odense Canal from Odense and is primarily residential.

## History

Parts of Stige were established as early as the 14th century. Hauge, a historic village which is today within Stige, dates back to at least 1397.
# Okenia leachii

Okenia leachii is a species of sea slug, a Dorid nudibranch, a marine gastropod mollusc in the family Goniodorididae.

## Distribution

This species was first described from Whitburn, North Sea with additional specimens from the Hebrides and Torbay.

## Description

This goniodorid nudibranch is translucent white in colour, with brilliant white pigment on the pallial tentacles, rhinophores and gills.

## Ecology

Okenia leachii probably feeds on tunicates such as Molgula occulta, family Molgulidae which live buried in muddy sand seabeds.
# O'Donnell (Madrid Metro)

O'Donnell is a station on Line 6 of the Madrid Metro, located near the Royal Mint of Spain and in fare Zone A. It serves the neighborhoods of Goya and Fuente del Berro in the Salamanca district and the neighborhood of Ibiza in the Retiro district of Madrid. The station was inaugurated on 10 October 1979 along with all of the other stations between Pacífico and Cuatro Caminos. The station is named after Calle de O'Donnell [es], which in turn is named after the 19th-century Spanish politician Leopoldo O'Donnell.
# Ignacy Gepner

Ignacy Gepner (September 3, 1802 in Płock – July 30, 1867) was a Polish painter.
Between 1824 and 1826, he studied at the University of Warsaw under the guidance of Aleksander Kokular. His artwork includes portraits as well as generic scenes from the lives of the town dwellers and workers. He also created lithography.
# KRC Motors

KRC Motors or more simply KRC is an Italian manufacturer of electric scooters, based in Marcianise.

## Company

KRC (keep road clean) Motors was born in Marcianise, Caserta (Campania) from the younger generation of the Rampini family.
The headquarters are in the industrial area of the city and here electric scooters are developed, assembled and tested in the company surface that measures over 15,000 meters.

## Technology

The technology present on all vehicles includes air or liquid cooling, lithium batteries, brushless engines, produced by the company, with the possibility of rapid recharging (30 minutes) with a normal electrical outlet.
The scooters are equipped with various technologies concerning brakes, chassis, etc. The most important part however, in addition to the engine, is the battery pack which is composed of 24 solid 72Vdc cells. The control units are dedicated to monitoring the battery pack,
consequently to the balancing the performance and duration of the individual lithium cells.
# Iwaki General Gymnasium

Iwaki General Gymnasium (岩城総合体育館) is an indoor sporting arena located in Iwaki, Yurihonjo, Akita, Japan. It hosts indoor sporting events such as basketball and volleyball and is practice home to the Prestige International Aranmare Akita that will play in the Women's Japan Basketball League.

## Facilities

* Main arena - 1,360m$^2$ （40m×34m）
# KS Steel

KS Steel is a permanent magnetic steel with three times the magnetic reluctance of tungsten steel, which was developed in 1917 by the Japanese scientist and inventor Kotaro Honda. "KS" stands for Kichizaemon Sumitomo, the head of the family-run conglomerate, who provided financial support for the research leading to KS Steel's invention. Honda would go on to invent NKS steel in 1933 whose magnetic resistance is several times higher than that of KS Steel.

## History

After World War one, when Japan had to cope with painful restrictions on imports of materials from foreign countries such as Germany, physicist Kotaro Honda was motivated to study alloys due to the need of a domestic steel production. He opened up his RIKEN-Honda Laboratory at Tohoku Imperial University in 1922 after he invented KS steel in 1917; it is a permanent magnetic steel with three times the magnetic resistance of tungsten steel. The initials KS in the name of the steel come from Kichizaemon Sumitomo, who was the head of the family that provided financial support for the research leading to the invention.

## Material properties

The composition of KS steel is 0.4–0.8 percent carbon; 30–40 percent cobalt; 5–9 percent tungsten; and 1.5–3 percent chromium. KS steel is best tempered when heated to 950 °C and then quenched in heavy oil. The residual magnetism is reduced by only 6 percent when artificially aged. The yield strength of KS steel is above 500 and tensile strength is above 620 and elongation is above 14. The maximum energy product (BH)max of KS steel is 30 kJ/m^3.
# Kabwum District

Kabwum District is a district of the Morobe Province of Papua New Guinea. Its capital is Kabwum. The population of the district was 63,214 at the 2021 census. The four local level governments (LLGs) are Komba, Selepet, Deyamos and Yus. The district shares borders with the Tawae-Siassi, Finschafen, Nawae and Markham Districts of Morobe Province, as well as the Rai Coast District of Madang Province. There is no direct road link from Lae City, the Provincial Capital to Kabwum District.
The main Christian Denomination in the area is The Evangelical Lutheran Church of Papua New Guinea. However, there are also other denominations such as Seventh Day Adventist, Revival PNG, Baptist and others which are common.