OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Karuo culture

The Karuo culture (3300 to 2000 BC) was a Neolithic culture in Tibet. The culture cultivated foxtail millet.

## Karuo type site

The type site at Karuo was discovered in 1977 at Chamdo County, Chamdo Prefecture, Tibet and excavated from 1978 to 1979. Located at about 3,100 m (10,171 ft) above sea level, the site covered an area of 10,000 m$^2$. Over 7,000 artifacts have been discovered at Karuo, including 1,060 stone artifacts, 1,284 pottery shards and 4,755 bone objects. It is one of only a few archaeological sites on the Tibetan Plateau dating back so far, and it is in good enough condition for the foundations of houses to still be found, along with roads, walls, and stone altars in addition to the individual artifacts.
Appearance-wise, the pottery at Karuo shows many similarities with pottery found at Majiayao sites, primarily the later phases, Machang and Banshan; however, the Karuo pottery was made using different methods and appears to be merely imitative. The tool assemblage at Karuo also shows similarities with those found at sites in western Sichuan.
The remains of 34 houses were found at the site. During the earlier stages, the houses at Karuo were round and semi-subterranean. During the later stages, the houses at Karuo were rectangular and subterranean. The later houses were more solidly built and represents a shift to more permanent habitation at Karuo.
Karuo is the site of the oldest permanent settlement in Tibet and represents the earliest evidence for agriculture on the Tibetan Plateau. Agriculturally, the people at Karuo relied primarily on foxtail millet, while some evidence for broomcorn millet was also discovered. The oldest evidence for foxtail millet at Karuo dates to around 3000 BC. The people of Karuo also supplemented their diet with hunting.
The residents of Karuo suddenly abandoned the settlement around 1750 BC. This is likely due to a change in climate, as Karuo likely required optimal conditions (higher temperatures) for foxtail millet to be grown successfully; Karuo coincided with a period of warmer temperatures in the region, and a return to cooler temperatures likely made foxtail millet cultivation at the site untenable. Broomcorn millet requires even higher temperatures for cultivation, so the broomcorn millet found at Karuo must have been obtained from trade with lower elevation sites.
# Kusače

Kusače may refer to:
* Kusače (Han Pijesak)
* Kusače (Sokolac)
# Rockaway, Ohio

Rockaway is an unincorporated community in Seneca County, in the U.S. state of Ohio.

## History

A post office called Rockaway was established in 1874, and remained in operation until 1910. The advent of Rural Free Delivery caused Rockaway's post office to be discontinued.
# Orrs Springs, California

Orrs Springs (formerly, Orr's Hot Sulphur Springs and Orrs) is a set of springs around which grew a resort and a stagecoach station in Mendocino County, California. It is located 15 miles (24 km) almost directly north of Boonville, at an elevation of 1001 feet (305 m). However, it is accessible from Ukiah by following Orr Springs Rd.
The Orrs post office operated from 1889 to 1911 and from 1915 to 1933. The name honored Samuel Orr, an early settler. Orr's son established a stage station and a resort that still exists as Orr Hot Springs Resort.
# La Tana

Victoria Santiago Borja (born 1976), known professionally as La Tana, is a Spanish flamenco singer.

## Biography

Victoria Santiago Borja was born in Seville in 1976. Her mother, Herminia Borja, is also a singer. She signed with V2 Spain in 2004. La Tana's debut solo album, Tú, ven a mí (2006), was produced by Paco de Lucía. In addition to touring with De Lucia during most summer months across Europe, she has travelled with the companies of Joaquín Cortés and Farruquito.
# Skhovaysya

Skhovaysya (Ukrainian: Сховайся) is a 1995 compilation of Ukrainian independent music cataloging what was later referred to as "novaya scena" among western audiences, who took the name from an Kharkiv musical union of the same name. Interest in the "novaya scena" has grown over the decades, with artists on this compilation seeing reissues and renewed interest both in Ukraine and abroad.
The sound of Skhovaysya is a diverse collection of avant-garde music, split between ethereal folk and experimental rock music.
The compilation is considered one of the greatest compilations of work from this period of Ukrainian underground music, both by critics and artists involved. It has preserved rare tracks and the work of artists with limited other surviving material.
# Parmotrema zicoi

Parmotrema zicoi is a species of saxicolous lichen in the family Parmeliaceae. Found in Brazil, it was introduced as new to science in 2002.

## Taxonomy

It was originally described from collections made in Serra do Caraça, Brazil, where it was found growing at an elevation of 1,330 m (4,360 ft).
The specific epithet zicoi honours the priest Tobias Zico, who, as a former administrator for the Parque Natural do Caraça, promoted the "preservation of a most important type locality for numerous lichens, animals, and plants in Brazil".

## Description

The lichen has a seafoam-green thallus up to 8 cm (3 in) wide, comprising overlapping lobes that are 2.0–5.0 mm wide. The margins of the lobes have simple cilia that are up to 1 mm long. The cortex contains atranorin, while the medulla contains protocetraric acid. Occasionally, the medullary K spot test reaction is positive, producing a very light yellow colour that indicates the presence of traces of atranorin in the upper part of the medulla near the cortex. P. zicoi has short bacilliform-shaped conidia that are less than 5 μm long. The lichen does not produce any form of vegetative propagation or pustules.
# Karuniya

Karuniya is a village development committee in Rautahat District in the Narayani Zone of south-eastern Nepal. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 4437 people living in 834 individual households. It's among few Muslim majority villages of Nepal.
# JAG Communications

JAG Communications was Britain's third largest independent mobile phone retailer. It was formed in 1989 in Cornwall by owner John George and the company's first 'store' was a disused 1920s railway carriage in the back garden of George's house at Par.
JAG Communications grew to over 160 outlets in Cornwall, the South of England, and Wales. The company HQ was at Perranporth Airfield, Cornwall and over 600 people were employed across the UK at its height.
In January 2009, JAG Communications underwent prepack administration following Lloyds Bank withdrawing the company’s £2 million overdraft. The assets of the old company were taken over by a new company owned by JAG founder John George and continued to trade under the JAG brand in an attempt to save the bulk of the company and the jobs.
In order to save the company, JAG offered each store manager the chance to run the stores they worked in under licence. Very similar to a franchise program.
In July 2010, JAG agreed to enter a joint venture with Go Mobile, but John George exited in August 2010 and the JAG Brand ceased to exist, with Go Mobile taking on 75 JAG stores, currently run by franchise partners. It was released that George had plans to start a new venture in the air taxi industry and also that he has links to a chain of milkshake shops that are planned to be opened across the South West.
# Kerstin Thorborg

Kerstin Thorborg (19 May 1896 – 12 April 1970) was a Swedish mezzo-soprano opera singer. She was one of the best dramatic Wagnerian singers in the two decades between 1930 and 1950. By all accounts, Thorborg was a magnificent actor with great stage presence. In addition, she was endowed with a beautifully steady and intense tone.

## Biography

Born in Venjan, Sweden, Kerstin Thorborg studied singing at the Royal College of Music, Stockholm. She made her debut in 1924 singing the role of Ortrud in Lohengrin. After six successive seasons at the Royal Swedish Opera, Thorborg was engaged for the next two years at the Nuremberg Opera. The famed conductor Bruno Walter (1876–1962) engaged her for the Städtische Oper in Berlin and became her mentor.
Although a contralto, Thorborg's upper register was so secure that she sang numerous mezzo-soprano roles, including Venus, Kundry, Fricka, Waltraute, and Magdalena. She was especially known for her searingly beautiful Brangäne, which was preserved on record. She also appears to wonderful advantage in the live recording of Mahler's Das Lied von der Erde, with Charles Kullmann (1903–1983) under Bruno Walter, at the Vienna Musikverein in 1936 and the even more famous one with the Royal Concertgebouw Orchestra under Carl Schuricht (1880–1967) in 1939.
In 1938, to escape the Nazis, she made her home in the United States, singing various roles at the Metropolitan Opera. She returned to her native Sweden in 1950, after her retirement.

## Personal life

In 1928, she married opera singer, actor, screenwriter, theater and opera director, Gustaf Bergman (1880-1952).
# Sandyford Halt railway station

Sandyford railway station served the town of Paisley, Renfrewshire, Scotland, from 1914 to 1967 on the Paisley and Renfrew Railway.

## History

The station opened as Sandyford Platform in 1914 by the Glasgow and South Western Railway. It was only available to the workers of Ogston and Tennant's Renfrew Mill, which had sidings to the east. There were more sidings to the south near Sandyford Signal Box, which opened in 1911 and closed in 1936. The station's name changed to Sandyford Halt in June 1952. It opened to the public on 18 April 1966, although it was Short-lived, closing a year later on 5 June 1967.
# Postage stamps and postal history of Tanganyika

"none" is preferred when the title is sufficiently descriptive; see [[WP:SDNONE]] This is a survey of the postage stamps and postal history of Tanganyika under British mandate.

## First stamps

The first postage stamps of Tanganyika were stamps of the East Africa and Uganda Protectorates overprinted "G.E.A." (for German East Africa), used in 1921 and 1922. These are superficially identical to the last occupation issues of German East Africa, but the presence of the "Crown and Script CA" watermark shows they were issued after the civil administration took over from the military, and are thus properly considered the first issues of Tanganyika.

## Later issues

In 1922, the government issued a series of 19 stamps inscribed "TANGANYIKA", featuring the head of a giraffe, denominated in cents, shillings and pounds (100 cents to a shilling, 20 shillings to a pound), with several colour changes in 1925. The changes were because there were many power changes, with each leader wanting a different color.
This was followed in 1927 by a second series of 16 values in a more conventional design with a profile of King George V and inscribed "MANDATED TERRITORY OF TANGANYIKA".
In 1927, Tanganyika entered the Customs Union of Kenya and Uganda, as well as the East African Postal Union. Between 1935 and 1963, stamps of the combined postal administration (East African Posts and Telecommunications Administration) inscribed "Kenya, Uganda, Tanganyika" were in use.

## Independence

Shortly after independence in 1961, the new state of Tanganyika issued a series of commemorative stamps inscribed "TANGANYIKA".
This was followed by a final commemorative issue on December 9, 1962, with four stamps inscribed "JAMHURI YA TANGANYIKA" ("Republic of Tanganyika") to commemorate the founding of the republic.
Tanganyika ceased to exist as a nation in 1964, when it was loosely united with Zanzibar, to form the nation of Tanzania. Stamps of the East African postal administration remained valid until well after the formation of Tanzania.

## Sources

* Stanley Gibbons Ltd: various catalogues
* Rossiter, Stuart and John Flower. The Stamp Atlas. London: Macdonald, 1986. ISBN 0-356-10862-7
* Encyclopaedia of Postal Authorities
# Sampson Genus

Sampson Maurice Genus (/ˈdʒiːnəs/ JEE-nəs; born May 2, 1988) is a former American football center. Genus was signed after going undrafted at the 2011 NFL draft despite being one of the highest rated prospects at center.
A native of Lake City, Florida, Genus attended Columbia High School, where he earned Gainesville Sun All-Area First-team honors as a junior and senior. He was selected to Florida’s North-South Shrine Bowl in 2007. Regarded as a two-star recruit by Scout.com, Genus was listed the No. 32 center prospect in the class of 2007.
As a true freshman at South Florida, he saw action in six games. For his sophomore season, he was moved to defensive tackle, where he played in all 13 games and started in five, collecting nine tackles, two assisted and seven solo. It was the only year since Genus started playing organized football at the age of 7 that he didn't play center.
Moved back to offensive line after the season, Genus started all games of the 2009 season at center, except for the regular-season finale against UConn, which he missed due to an ankle injury. He earned 2009 All-Big East Conference second-team honors. He spent time with the Green Bay Packers in the National Football League and with the Virginia Destroyers in the United Football League.
# Passage Island

Passage Island may refer to:
* Passage Island (British Columbia)
* Passage Island (Tasmania)
* Falkland Islands
** Passage Islands
** Passage Island, Falkland Islands, Byron Sound
* Passage Islands, alternate name for the Spanish Virgin Islands
* Passage Island (Michigan)
# Karol Baran

Karol Baran (born 16 August 1981) is a motorcycle speedway rider from Poland.

## Speedway career

He rode in the top tier of British Speedway riding for the Poole Pirates during the 2009 Elite League speedway season. He began his British career riding for Ipswich Witches in 2005.
# San Isidro District, Huaytará

San Isidro District is one of sixteen districts of the province Huaytará in Peru.
# Itziar Aretxaga

Itziar Aretxaga Méndez (born 1965) is a Spanish and Mexican astrophysicist who works in Mexico as a researcher at the National Institute of Astrophysics, Optics and Electronics (INAOE). Her research interests include galaxy formation and evolution, active galactic nuclei, starbursts, and supernovae.

## Education and career

Born in Bilbao, Spain on 20 November 1965, Aretxaga has dual Spanish and Mexican citizenship; her first name and paternal surname are Basque. Her mother was a dressmaker and her father taught in an occupational school; she was part of the first generation of her family with a university education.
She was an undergraduate at the Complutense University of Madrid, graduating with a bachelor's degree in physics in 1988. She moved to the Autonomous University of Madrid for graduate study in physics, earning a master's degree in 1990 and completing her PhD in 1993. Her doctoral dissertation, Variabilidad óptica de núcleos galácticos activos generados por formación estelar [Optical variability of active galactic nuclei generated by star formation was supervised by Ángeles Isabel Díaz Beltrán [es].
Next she became a postdoctoral researcher at the Royal Greenwich Observatory in England from 1993 to 1996 and at the Max Planck Institute for Astrophysics in Germany from 1996 to 1998, supported by the Basque Government and by a Marie Curie Fellowship. She came to INAOE as a researcher in 1998 and earned tenure there in 2004.
She has been the director of the International School for Young Astronomers program of the International Astronomical Union since 2018.

## Recognition

Aretxaga is a member of the Mexican Academy of Sciences, elected in 2003.
# 1983–84 Canada men's national ice hockey team

The 1983–84 Canada men's national ice hockey team represented Canada at the 1984 Winter Olympics held in Sarajevo, Yugoslavia.
Canada's team qualified for the medal round, but lost by the score of 4–0 to both the Soviet Union and Czechoslovakia to place fourth in the Olympic tournament.

## 1984 Winter Olympics roster

* 'Head coach: Dave King
* Warren Anderson
* Robin Bartel
* Russ Courtnall
* Jean-Jacques Daigneault
* Kevin Dineen
* Dave Donnelly
* Bruce Driver
* Darren Eliot
* Patrick Flatley
* Dave Gagner
* Mario Gosselin
* Vaughn Karpan
* Doug Lidster
* Darren Lowe
* Kirk Muller
* James Patrick
* Craig Redmond
* Dave Tippett (C)
* Carey Wilson
* Dan Wood
# Pasquotank River

The Pasquotank River /ˈpæskwətæŋk/ is a coastal water-body in Northeastern North Carolina in the United States. Located between Camden and Pasquotank counties, the Pasquotank connects directly to Albemarle Sound and is part of the Intracoastal Waterway via Elizabeth City.
Machelhe Island is a river island on the Pasquotank River.

## History

The name "Pasquotank" is derived from pashetanki, a Carolina Algonquian word translated as "where the current forks." The river was originally controlled by the Secotan people, and later gained importance in trade and shipping during the colonial period of North Carolina.
The Battle of Elizabeth City was fought on the Pasquotank River where a small Confederate fleet was sunk in defense of the City. The Confederate ships sunk on the Pasquotank River in the battle were the CSS Black Warrior, CSS Fanny, CSS Sea Bird, and the CSS Appomattox.
Some principal industries along the Pasquotank were transport, logging, and oyster harvesting. Since the twentieth century, the commercial viability of the river has declined, as more traffic uses the Intracoastal Waterway by way of Coinjock. The river is now primarily frequented by pleasure boaters.
# Slevik

Slevik is a village in the southern part of Fredrikstad municipality, Norway. Its population (SSB 2005) is 990.
59°12′N 10°50′E﻿ / ﻿59.200°N 10.833°E﻿ / 59.200; 10.833
* This Østfold location article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
# 1969 Dutch Open (tennis)

The 1969 Dutch Open was a combined men's and women's tennis tournament staged in Hilversum, Netherlands. The tournament was played on outdoor clay courts and was held from 28 July to 3 August 1969. It was the 12th edition of the tournament and the second in the Open era of tennis. Tom Okker and Kerry Melville won the singles titles.

## Finals
### Men's singles

Tom Okker defeated Roger Taylor 10–8, 7–9, 6–4, 6–4

### Women's singles

Kerry Melville defeated Karen Krantzcke 6–2, 3–6, 6–3

### Men's doubles

Tom Okker / Roger Taylor defeated Jan Kodeš / Jan Kukal 6–3, 6–2, 6–4

### Women's doubles

Kerry Melville / Karen Krantzcke defeated Pat Walkden / Helen Gourlay 1–6, 6–4, 6–3

### Mixed doubles

Final was not played due to thunderstorms.
# Sant'Alessandro in Zebedia

Sant'Alessandro in Zebedia is a parish church in Milan, Italy. It is a distinctive example of the early Lombard Baroque.

## History

The original church was built in the 5th century, on the ruins of the Pretorium which tradition holds was the prison that held the martyred Sant'Alessandro. The name in Zebedia derives from the name of the prison in which the martyr was imprisoned.
Its construction for the Barnabite order began in 1601 to a design by Lorenzo Binago. Francesco Maria Richini also contributed to the project. The first church of Sant Alessandro was demolished, along with the nearby San Pancrazio. The first stone of the church was laid on 30 March 1602 by Cardinal Federico Borromeo.
It comprises a principal building on the Greek cross plan with a central dome, and a separate presbytery which also has a dome. By early 1627, the center dome had developed deep cracks and was demolished. Architect Fabio Mangone was brought in as a consultant. Richini redesigned the dome, and carried out Mangone's recommendations.
The façade, with decorations in bas-relief, has two campaniles.
The interior includes works by important artists including Camillo Procaccini (an Assumption, a Nativity and a Crucifixion) and Daniele Crespi (a Flagellation). There is also an altarpiece in the first chapel on the right by Ossana.
# Karol Becker

Karol Becker is a Czechoslovak sprint canoer who competed in the early 1990s. He won a bronze medal in the K-4 1000 m event at the 1991 ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships in Paris.
# John Monahan (scientist)

John Monahan (John James Monahan) is an Irish-born biochemist and CEO of biotechnology and gene therapy companies in the United States.

## Education

Monahan is from County Kildare in Ireland and was educated at Newbridge College, where he was the inaugural winner of the BT Young Scientist & Technology Exhibition in 1965, his project was an explanation of the process of digestion in the human stomach.
He holds a Bachelor of Science from University College Dublin and a PhD in Biochemistry from McMaster University in Ontario, Canada.

## Work and research

Monahan founded Avigen Inc in Alameda, California a company which became a leader in its sector for the development of pharmaceutical products for the treatment of serious human disease, and raised over $235 million USD through its initial public offering on the NASDAQ stock exchange.
He has directed a number of preclinical and clinical trials and led biotech and pharmaceutical research programmes.
He is current executive vice president research & development for Synthetic Biologics and sits on the scientific advisory board of Agilis Biotherapeutics, LLC.
Monahan also sits on the board of directors at IdentiGEN, the Irish-based DNA analysis company.
# Sasha Lilley

Sasha Lilley (born 1975) is an English-born radio host, writer and journalist based in Oakland, California.

## Career

Lilley is the editor of Capital and Its Discontents: Conversations with Radical Thinkers in a Time of Tumult, published by PM Press. Lilley is a contributor to the Turbulence Collective's What Would it Mean to Win?, a collection of debates about the direction of the Global Justice Movement, published by PM Press. She is the series editor of the political economy imprint Spectre.
Lilley is a co-founder and host of the Pacifica Radio program Against the Grain. From 2007 to 2009, she was the interim program director at KPFA. She directed Pacifica Radio's coverage of the Winter Soldier hearings in Silver Spring, Maryland, launched the War Comes Home, about the human costs of the Iraq and Afghanistan occupations, curated the multimedia project “1968: The Year that Shook the World” commemorating 1968 with archival audio from the Pacifica Radio Archives, and launched the multimedia collaboration “Afghanistan 2008: Seven Years After the Taliban”.
She has overseen national broadcasts, including on torture under the George W. Bush administration, the testimonials of survivors of Hurricane Katrina, and on the 2007–2008 financial crisis.
Lilley was an editor, staff writer, and researcher at CorpWatch, reporting on the World Bank, labor struggles, and agribusiness.
She has worked as an academic researcher and investigative journalist, including into US contracts in Iraq following the American-led invasion.

## Personal life

Lilley is married to PM Press and AK Press founder Ramsey Kanaan.

## Books

* Lilley, Sasha. Capital and Its Discontents: Conversations with Radical Thinkers in a Time of Tumult PM Press, 2011.
* Turbulence Collective (ed.) What Would it Mean to Win? PM Press, 2010.
* Lilley, Sasha, et al., Catastrophism: The Apocalyptic Politics of Collapse and Rebirth PM Press, 2012.

## Misc

* Lilley, Sasha. Theory and Practice: Conversations with Noam Chomsky and Howard Zinn (DVD) PM Press, 2010.
# Pashe-class speedboat

The Pashe or MIG-G-1900 is a class of fast patrol boat operated by the Navy of the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps.
It is a modified version of the American MK II boats, and is manufactured in Iran.