OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# 1949 Ulster Grand Prix

The 1949 Ulster Grand Prix was the fifth round of the 1949 Grand Prix motorcycle racing season. It took place at the Clady Circuit.
British rider Leslie Graham riding an AJS won the 500 cc race from Artie Bell and Nello Pagani. The race victory for Graham, with Pagani only in third place, wrapped up the first world championship for Graham. Similarly AJS secured the constructor's title.
It was also the final race of the 350 cc title. British Velocette rider Freddie Frith was already world champion having achieved a perfect score and in winning the Ulster Grand Prix he completed a remarkable clean sweep, winning all five races of the championship.

## 500 cc classification

| Pos | Rider | Manufacturer | Time | Points |
| 1 | Leslie Graham | AJS | 2:34:05.4 | 11 |
| 2 | Artie Bell | Norton | +1:39.0 | 8 |
| 3 | Nello Pagani | Gilera | +1:48.6 | 7 |
| 4 | Bill Doran | AJS | +1:54.6 | 6 |
| 5 | Jock West | AJS | +6:15.6 | 5 |
| 6 | Rex McCandless | Norton | +14:41.6 | |

## 350 cc classification

| Pos | Rider | Manufacturer | Time | Points |
| 1 | Freddie Frith | Velocette | 2:24:34.8 | 11 |
| 2 | Charlie Salt | Velocette | +31.4 | 8 |
| 3 | Reg Armstrong | AJS | +39.6 | 7 |
| 4 | Eric McPherson | AJS | +1:21.4 | 6 |
| 5 | Frank Fry | Velocette | +1:52.6 | 5 |
| 6 | Dickie Dale | Norton | +4:38.8 | |
| 7 | Harry Hinton | Norton | +4:39.2 | |
| 8 | Louis Carter | Norton | +4:49.2 | |
| 9 | Les Dear | AJS | +6:12.4 | |
| 10 | Arthur Wheeler | Velocette | +7:06.2 | |
| 11 | Cyril Stevens | AJS | +7:25.2 | |
| 12 | Bob Matthews | Velocette | +7:32.2 | |
| 13 | Charlie Gray | AJS | +10:21.2 | |
| 14 | Johnny Hodgkin | AJS | +10:22.4 | |
| 15 | Syl Anderton | AJS | +11:00.2 | |
| 16 | George Paterson | AJS | +11:01.2 | |
| 17 | Syd Barnett | AJS | +12:30.2 | |
| 18 | J. Hayes | AJS | +12:53.2 | |
| 19 | Humphrey Ranson | AJS | +13:12.2 | |
| 20 | C. B. Carr | Velocette | +13:13.2 | |
| 21 | Joe Glazebrook | AJS | +14:08.2 | |
| 22 | T. L. Irwin | Norton | +14:16.2 | |
| 23 | N. Ferguson | AJS | +15:08.2 | |
| 24 | T. F. Tindle | Velocette | +15:51.2 | |
| 25 | J. S. Slater | AJS | +16:50.2 | |
| 26 | J. Baillie | Velocette | +19:03.2 | |
| 27 | A. E. Shaw | Velocette | +19:42.2 | |
| 28 | R. E. Browne | AJS | +20:21.2 | |
| 29 | R. H. Pilling | Velocette | +20:25.2 | |

## 250 cc classification

| Pos | Rider | Manufacturer | Time | Points |
| 1 | Maurice Cann | Moto Guzzi | 2:28:31.6 | 11 |
| 2 | Bruno Ruffo | Moto Guzzi | +2:07.4 | 8 |
| 3 | Ronald Mead | Norton | +7:05.4 | 7 |
| 4 | George Reeve | Excelsior | +10:45.4 | 6 |
| 5 | Douglas Beasley | Excelsior | +11:59.4 | 5 |
| 6 | William Dehaney | Excelsior | +12:53.4 | |
| 7 | Chris Tattersall | CTS | +13:56.4 | |
| Previous race: 1949 Belgian Grand Prix | FIM Grand Prix World Championship 1949 season | Next race: 1949 Nations Grand Prix |
| Previous race: 1948 Ulster Grand Prix | Ulster Grand Prix | Next race: 1950 Ulster Grand Prix |
# 1952 World Table Tennis Championships – Women's singles

The 1952 World Table Tennis Championships women's singles was the 19th edition of the women's singles championship. Angelica Rozeanu defeated Gizi Farkas in the final by three sets to two, to win a third consecutive title.

## Results

| Round of 16 | Round of 16 | Round of 16 | Round of 16 | Round of 16 | Round of 16 | Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Final | Final | Final | Final | Final | Final |
| Angelica Rozeanu | 21 | 21 | 21 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Kathleen Best | 9 | 16 | 14 | | | Rozeanu | 21 | 21 | 21 | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Edit Sági | 19 | 14 | 21 | 9 | | Elliot | 15 | 17 | 18 | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Helen Elliot | 21 | 21 | 19 | 21 | | | | | | | Rozeanu | 21 | 21 | 21 | | | | | | |
| Rosalind Rowe | 21 | 21 | 21 | | | | | | | | Rowe | 14 | 18 | 5 | | | | | | |
| Gool Nasikwala | 15 | 16 | 12 | | | Rowe | 20 | 21 | 21 | 21 | | | | | | | | | | |
| Gertrude Pritzi | 21 | 21 | 21 | | | Pritzi | 22 | 19 | 18 | 17 | | | | | | | | | | |
| Yeung Wai-Bun | 11 | 11 | 13 | | | | | | | | | | | | Rozeanu | 21 | 11 | 21 | 17 | 21 |
| Ermelinde Wertl | 17 | 23 | 21 | 21 | | | | | | | | | | | Farkas | 17 | 21 | 18 | 21 | 14 |
| Peggy Franks | 21 | 21 | 11 | 10 | | Wertl | 21 | 21 | 16 | 21 | | | | | | | | | | |
| Sári Szász-Kolozsvári | 16 | 21 | 21 | 13 | 20+ | Szász | 13 | 15 | 21 | 17 | | | | | | | | | | |
| Sayeed Sultana | 21 | 17 | 17 | 21 | 16+ | | | | | | Wertl | 4 | 9 | 10 | | | | | | |
| Diane Rowe | 13 | 16 | 24 | 21 | 16 | | | | | | Farkas | 21 | 21 | 21 | | | | | | |
| Tomie Nishimura | 21 | 21 | 24 | 9 | 21 | Nishimura | 21 | 14 | 16 | 18 | | | | | | | | | | |
| A. Rukmini | 3 | 11 | 12 | | | Farkas | 19 | 21 | 21 | 21 | | | | | | | | | | |
| Gizi Farkas | 21 | 21 | 21 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
+ Time limit rule applied
# Kleine Gigue in G, K. 574

Kleine Gigue in G major, K. 574, is a composition for solo piano by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart during his stay in Leipzig. It is dated 16 May 1789, the day before he left Leipzig. It was directly written into the notebook of Leipzig court organist Carl Immanuel Engel [de]. It is often cited as a tribute by Mozart to J. S. Bach, although many scholars have likened it to Handel's Gigue from the Suite No. 8 in F minor, HWV 433. In fact, the subject of the gigue bears a marked similarity to the subject of J. S. Bach's B minor fugue no. 24 [de] from Book 1 of Das Wohltemperierte Klavier. Mozart has changed the tempo from Largo to Allegro deciso and the time signature from common time to $^6$ $_8$ but the similarity between the two is unmistakable.
The gigue consists of only 38 bars and is written in $^6$ $_8$ time. The bass line in the last four bars of the first half, and its transposed repetition in the second half before the coda, are notable for including all tones of the chromatic scale. However they are not tone rows as some tones are repeated.
Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky based the opening movement of his Mozartiana orchestral suite on this work.
# Parmaksız, Hınıs

Parmaksız is a neighbourhood in the municipality and district of Hınıs, Erzurum Province in Turkey. Its population is 755 (2022).
# Ropica punctiscapa

Ropica punctiscapa is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Breuning in 1969.
# Plas Cwmcynfelin

Plas Cwmcynfelin is a house standing in its own grounds overlooking the village of Llangorwen, near Aberystwyth, Wales. A Grade II listed building , it is now home to the Plas Cwmcynfelin Care Home.

## History

In the 1700s the estate was owned by Matthew Davies, the High Sheriff of Cardiganshire for 1790. It descended in the family until it was divided between two sisters and was inherited by the Rev. Isaac Williams, a prominent member of the Oxford Movement.

## Notable residents

* J. H. Davies (1871–1926), lawyer, bibliographer and educationist
* Tom Macdonald (1900–1980), journalist and novelist
* Rev. Isaac Williams (1802–1865), clergyman and lecturer at Oxford
# Iowa Great Lakes

The Iowa Great Lakes, often referred to as Okoboji, is a group of natural lakes in northwestern Iowa in the United States. There are seven lakes in the region totaling 12,687 acres (5,134 ha) with the three principal lakes of the group being Big Spirit Lake, West Okoboji Lake, and East Okoboji Lake. They are the largest natural lakes in the state of Iowa. The largest, Spirit Lake, is 5,684 acres (2,300 ha). The lake area extends to the north into Jackson County, Minnesota. The headwaters of Little Sioux River flow past the west side of the lake area.

## History

The area around the Iowa Great Lakes was not known for permanent settlement by the Sioux but rather for recreation or hunting. When settlers arrived around 1856 it led to conflicts and eventually the Spirit Lake Massacre in 1857.
After the massacre, European settlers slowly returned and by 1900 nearly 8,000 people were living in the area. The Iowa Great Lakes Sanitary District was created in 1939 to protect the lakes from pollution and sanitary issues. Likewise, the Iowa Great Lakes Association was formed in 2008 when the waters were threatened by a large commercial agricultural development.

## Geography

The Iowa Great Lakes region was formed 13,500 years ago along the southwest edge of the Des Moines lobe ice sheet as it pressed south into Iowa. The deepest part of the lake is 136 feet (41 m) in West Okoboji Lake.
The Iowa Great Lakes lie within the Spirit Lake Micropolitan Area and the towns of Spirit Lake and Milford are within the lake area.
# San Mauro

San Mauro may refer to:

## People

* Saint Maurus (it. : San Mauro), an Italian Christian saint
* Rabanus Maurus (780–856), German Christian saint

## Places in Italy

* San Mauro Castelverde, a municipality in the Province of Palermo
* San Mauro Cilento, a municipality in the Province of Salerno
* San Mauro di Saline, a municipality in the Province of Verona
* San Mauro Forte, a municipality in the Province of Matera
* San Mauro la Bruca, a municipality in the Province of Salerno
* San Mauro Marchesato, a municipality in the Province of Crotone
* San Mauro Pascoli, a municipality in the Province of Forlì-Cesena
* San Mauro Torinese, a municipality in the Province of Turin
# 1940–41 Washington State Cougars men's basketball team

The 1940–41 Washington State Cougars men's basketball team represented Washington State College for the 1940–41 college basketball season. Led by thirteenth-year head coach Jack Friel, the Cougars were members of the Pacific Coast Conference and played their home games on campus at WSC Gymnasium in Pullman, Washington.
The Cougars were 22–5 overall in the regular season and 13–3 in conference play, first place in Northern division. They met Southern division Stanford in a best-of-three series in Pullman for the PCC title, which the Cougars swept in two games.
Washington State advanced to the eight-team NCAA tournament in Kansas City; they defeated Creighton and Arkansas to advance to the final, but lost to Wisconsin by five points.
This remains the most successful season for Cougar men's basketball; WSU has made six NCAA tournament appearances since (1980, 1983, 1994, 2007, 2008, 2024), and the best result is the Sweet Sixteen in 2008.

## Postseason results

| Date time, TV | Opponent | Result | Record | Site (attendance) city, state |
| Pacific Coast Conference Playoff Series |||||
| Fri, March 14 8:00 pm | Stanford Game One | W 46–43 | 23–5 | WSC Gymnasium (5,600) Pullman, Washington |
| Sat, March 15 8:00 pm | Stanford Game Two | W 44–40 | 24–5 | WSC Gymnasium (5,600) Pullman, Washington |
| NCAA tournament |||||
| Fri, March 21* 8:30 pm | vs. Creighton Quarterfinal | W 48–39 | 25–5 | Municipal Auditorium Kansas City, Missouri |
| Sat, March 22* 8:30 pm | vs. Arkansas Semifinal | W 64–53 | 26–5 | Municipal Auditorium Kansas City, Missouri |
| Sat, March 29* 6:30 pm | vs. Wisconsin Final | L 34–39 | 26–6 | Municipal Auditorium Kansas City, Missouri |
| *Non-conference game. (#) Tournament seedings in parentheses. All times are in Pacific time. |||||
# Korovkin approximation

In mathematics the Korovkin approximation is a convergence statement in which the approximation of a function is given by a certain sequence of functions. In practice a continuous function can be approximated by polynomials. With Korovkin approximations one comes a convergence for the whole approximation with examination of the convergence of the process at a finite number of functions. The Korovkin approximation is named after Pavel Korovkin.
# Kleine Huisjes

Kleine Huisjes (also: Lutjeboeren; Gronings: Lutje Hoeskes; translation: Little Houses) is a village in the Dutch province of Groningen. It is a part of the municipality of Het Hogeland. It is located 1.5 kilometres (0.93 mi) north-east of Kloosterburen.

## Etymology

The name translates as Little Houses, and refers to the little houses which were built for the farm workers.

## History

Kleine Huisjes was part of a salt marsh wall which was about 1 metre above sea level. Habitation started in the 11th or 12th century, and the land was protected by a dike around 1250. In the mid-18th century, little houses were constructed for the workers who poldered the land and worked on the farms. In 1827, it was first mentioned as Lutjeboeren (Little Farmers). Around 1900, the village was referred to as Kleine Huisjes on maps.
The postal authority does not recognise Kleine Huisjes as a separate entity and has put it under Kloosterburen. The village is recognised as a statistical entity, but it does not have many inhabitants, and no church. Nevertheless, the villagers insist that it is a village and not a hamlet.
Up to 1989, Kleine Huisjes was part of the municipality of Kloosterburen. In 1990, it was merged into De Marne which was merged into Het Hogeland in 2019.
# Kurash at the 2018 Asian Games – Women's 52 kg

The women's Kurash 52 kilograms competition at the 2018 Asian Games in Jakarta, Indonesia was held on 28 August at the JCC Assembly Hall.
Kurash is a traditional martial art from Uzbekistan that resembles wrestling. There are three assessment system in Kurash, namely Halal, Yambosh, and Chala. Halal is if an athlete Kurash is able to slam his opponent in the back. Yambosh is the imperfect of Halal, two Yambosh same as Halal.
Gulnor Sulaymanova from Uzbekistan won the gold medal after beating Pincky Balhara of India in gold medal bout.

## Schedule

All times are Western Indonesia Time (UTC+07:00)
| Date | Time | Event |
| Tuesday, 28 August 2018 | 14:00 | Round of 32 |
| Tuesday, 28 August 2018 | 14:00 | Round of 16 |
| Tuesday, 28 August 2018 | 14:00 | Quarterfinals |
| Tuesday, 28 August 2018 | 18:00 | Semifinals |
| Tuesday, 28 August 2018 | 18:00 | Final |

## Results
### Final

| Final | Final |
| Pincky Balhara (IND) | 000 |
| Gulnor Sulaymanova (UZB) | 100 |

### Top half

| Round of 32 | Round of 32 | Round of 16 | Round of 16 | Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Semifinals | Semifinals |
| Bhagawati Majhi (NEP) | 000 | | | | | | |
| Tsou Chia-wen (TPE) | 100 | Tsou Chia-wen (TPE) | 000 | | | | |
| | | Pincky Balhara (IND) | 011 | | | | |
| | | | | Pincky Balhara (IND) | 001 | | |
| Tri Kusumawardani Susanti (INA) | 012 | | | Tri Kusumawardani Susanti (INA) | 000 | | |
| Nguyễn Ngọc Ngân (VIE) | 000 | Tri Kusumawardani Susanti (INA) | 011 | | | | |
| | | Grace Loberanes (PHI) | 000 | | | | |
| | | | | | | Pincky Balhara (IND) | 001 |
| Erdenedalain Nürzedmaa (MGL) | 000 | | | | | Oysuluv Abdumajidova (UZB) | 000 |
| Anastasiýa Makeýewa (TKM) | 110 | Anastasiýa Makeýewa (TKM) | 001 | | | | |
| | | Oysuluv Abdumajidova (UZB) | 011 | | | | |
| | | | | Oysuluv Abdumajidova (UZB) | 011 | | |
| | | | | Tahereh Azarpeivand (IRI) | 002 | | |
| | | Tahereh Azarpeivand (IRI) | 010 | | | | |
| | | Botagoz Dyussembayeva (KAZ) | 002 | | | | |

### Bottom half

| Round of 32 | Round of 32 | Round of 16 | Round of 16 | Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Semifinals | Semifinals |
| Helen Dawa (PHI) | 000 | | | | | | |
| Malaprabha Jadhav (IND) | 001 | Malaprabha Jadhav (IND) | 002 | | | | |
| | | Zarina Saparowa (TKM) | 002 | | | | |
| | | | | Malaprabha Jadhav (IND) | 002 | | |
| | | | | Văn Ngọc Tú (VIE) | 001 | | |
| | | Nichakan Seesai (THA) | 000 | | | | |
| | | Văn Ngọc Tú (VIE) | 100 | | | | |
| | | | | | | Malaprabha Jadhav (IND) | 000 |
| Gulnor Sulaymanova (UZB) | 100 | | | | | Gulnor Sulaymanova (UZB) | 100 |
| Heka Maya Sari Sembiring (INA) | 000 | Gulnor Sulaymanova (UZB) | 101 | | | | |
| | | Akhzhol Kaiypkan (KAZ) | 000 | | | | |
| | | | | Gulnor Sulaymanova (UZB) | 102 | | |
| | | | | Erdenetsogtyn Gerelmaa (MGL) | 000 | | |
| | | Yen Li-an (TPE) | 001 | | | | |
| | | Erdenetsogtyn Gerelmaa (MGL) | 100 | | | | |
# John Dowling (RAF officer)

Wing Commander John Reginald Dowling, MBE, DFC & Bar, AFC (5 July 1923 – July 2000) was a Royal Air Force (RAF) officer and helicopter pilot famous for placing the spire of the rebuilt Coventry Cathedral on 22 April 1962. He was a Lancaster bomber pilot during the Second World War, and the author of RAF Helicopters: The First Twenty Years, a comprehensive overview of the RAF's early helicopters and their uses.
Dowling was born in Withington Manchester, the son of Dr Stephen Dowling and Mrs Kathleen Dowling (née Gilmore). One of four children, he was educated at Ampleforth College and practised Catholicism all of his life.
# Ropica evitata

Ropica evitata is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Pascoe in 1865.
# Silberhorn (Liechtenstein)

Silberhorn or Hubel is a mountain in Liechtenstein in the Rätikon range of the Eastern Alps close to the border with Switzerland, with a height of 2,150 metres (7,050 ft).
# Robert Gordon University RFC

Robert Gordon University RFC is a rugby union club based in Aberdeen, Scotland. The club operates a men's team and a women's team. Both currently play in the university leagues.

## History

They play Aberdeen University RFC in a local derby match known as the Granite City Challenge.

## Sides

The men's team has a 1st and 2nd XV.
Both men and women train at the Woodside Sports Complex.

## Honours
### Men

* Scottish Conference 2A
** Champions (1): 2009-10
* Scottish Conference 3A
** Champions (1): 2014-15
* Scottish Conference 3B
** Champions (1): 2007-08

### Women

* Scottish Conference 2A
** Champions (1): 2016-17
# Ipomoea kahloae

Ipomoea kahloae is a species of flowering plant in the morning glory genus Ipomoea, family Convolvulaceae, native to the state of Guerrero, Mexico. Known from only a few localities in semi-deciduous tropical forests, it has a number of distinctive features, including stems and petioles with pronounced wings, and magenta corollas.
The specific epithet "... honors the Mexican artist Frida Kahlo (1907–1954), one of the most influential Latin American artists of the 20th century. Frida Kahlo, besides being a painter, participated in many cultural, academic and political activities and was a social activist. Kahlo revived the roots of Mexican popular art and became a cultural reference point for the people of Mexico and its national identity."
# Kurash at the 2022 Asian Games – Men's 66 kg

The men's 66 kilograms Kurash competition at the 2022 Asian Games in Hangzhou was held on 30 September 2023 at the Xiaoshan Linpu Gymnasium.
Kurash is a traditional martial art from Uzbekistan that resembles Wrestling. There are three assessment system in Kurash, namely Halal, Yambosh, and Chala.

## Schedule

All times are China Standard Time (UTC+08:00)
| Date | Time | Event |
| Saturday, 30 September 2023 | 09:30 | Round of 16 |
| Saturday, 30 September 2023 | 09:30 | Quarterfinals |
| Saturday, 30 September 2023 | 14:00 | Semifinals |
| Saturday, 30 September 2023 | 14:00 | Final |

## Results

| Round of 16 | Round of 16 | Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Final | Final |
| | | Artyom Shturbabin (UZB) | 100 | | | | |
| Ryan Christian Benavidez (PHI) | 010 | Ryan Christian Benavidez (PHI) | 000 | | | | |
| Songwut Kaewpinit (THA) | 001 | | | Artyom Shturbabin (UZB) | 100 | | |
| Hussein Raad (IRQ) | 001 | | | Kwon Jae-deog (KOR) | 000 | | |
| Şamuhammet Kurbanow (TKM) | 100 | Şamuhammet Kurbanow (TKM) | 000 | | | | |
| Kwon Jae-deog (KOR) | 111 | Kwon Jae-deog (KOR) | 011 | | | | |
| Keshav (IND) | 000 | | | | | Artyom Shturbabin (UZB) | 011 |
| Majid Vahid (IRI) | 011 | | | | | Majid Vahid (IRI) | 000 |
| Lê Công Hoàng Hải (VIE) | 000 | Majid Vahid (IRI) | 011 | | | | |
| Chan Hao-cheng (TPE) | 012 | Chan Hao-cheng (TPE) | 001 | | | | |
| Mahdi Hasan (KUW) | 000 | | | Majid Vahid (IRI) | 102 | | |
| Khayrandeshi Murodzoda (TJK) | 101 | | | Khayrandeshi Murodzoda (TJK) | 000 | | |
| Joe Haddad (LBN) | 000 | Khayrandeshi Murodzoda (TJK) | 100 | | | | |
| | | Enkhtaivany Enkhbold (MGL) | 001 | | | | |
# John A. O'Brien

Reverend or Father John A. O'Brien (1893–1980), whose full name was John Anthony O'Brien, was an influential progressive American Catholic scholar, pamphleteer and writer.

## Early life

O'Brien was born on 20 January 1893 in Peoria, Illinois. He was ordained as a priest of the Diocese of Peoria by Bishop Edmund M. Dunne. He served as chaplain for the Catholic students at the University of Illinois and earned a Ph.D. in psychology there. He started the Newman Foundation at the University of Illinois.

## Career

In total, O'Brien published over forty books. Among them were The White Harvest (1927) and Catholics and Scholarship (1938), influential collections of essays by participants at symposia he organized. In 1938 he published a book about Catholicism directed at non-Catholics called The Faith of Millions, which became a best-seller. Also among his most popular publications were the five books in a series called The Road to Damascus, published between 1949 and 1956, in which seventy-eight prominent converts to Catholicism gave accounts of what had led them to the Church. The contributors included Evelyn Waugh, Clare Booth Luce, Avery Dulles, Dorothy Day, Raïssa Maritain, Thomas Merton, Ronald Knox and Leonard Cheshire. O'Brien remained at the University of Illinois for twenty-two years. In 1939, he spent a year at Oxford University and published Thunder from the Left, a critique of communism. For the rest of his life he taught at the University of Notre Dame and wrote. His work often focused on the compatibility of science and Catholicism. He published two books on evolution, Evolution and Religion (1932) and God and Evolution (1961).

## Birth control

An interest in birth control arose among Catholics in America as a result of the challenge to the family economy posed by the Great Depression in the 1930s and the approval of artificial contraception by Jewish and Anglican authorities. O'Brien made an attempt that was progressive at the time to move the issue of birth control away from religion and into the realm of science. In his book Natural Birth Control (1938), he presented the "rhythm method" as the ideal non-artificial birth control for Catholics. O'Brien's psychological approach was influenced by the thought of the German Catholic ethicist Dietrich von Hildebrand, who argued in his 1928 book In Defence of Purity that, besides its procreative aspect, marital sexuality plays a vital role in enhancing the unique interpersonal union that gives marriage its greater meaning. O'Brien's views, however, clashed with those of conservatives in the Catholic Church, who promoted total abstinence as exemplified by the encyclical Casti connubii (1930), which restated the objection to artificial conception.

## Awards and Death

In 1973, the University of Notre Dame awarded him the Laetare Medal, a degree Notre Dame bestows on American Catholics for outstanding service to the Catholic Church and society. He died on 18 April 1980 in South Bend, Indiana, after a long illness.
# John Berriman

John Berriman (1691–1768) was an English clergyman and poet.

## Life

He was the son of John Berriman, a London apothecary, and brother of William Berriman. He was a member of St Edmund Hall, Oxford, where he matriculated 11 May 1714, proceeding B.A. 1718, and M.A. 1720. He was for many years in London, as rector of St Olave, Silver Street, and St Alban, Wood Street.

## Works

Berriman published in 1722 a sermon (on Kings xxi. 12–13) entitled The Case of Naboth considered and compared with that of the Royal Martyr. This was followed in 1741 by Θεός ἐφανερώθη ἐν σαρκὶ, or a critical dissertation on 1 Tim. iii. 16. Wherein rules are laid down to distinguish in various readings which is genuine, his Moyer Lectures of 1737–8. In 1751 he edited his brother William Berriman's Christian Doctrines explained in Forty Sermons, and in 1758 he wrote a preface to Charles Wheatly's Fifty Sermons.