OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Joglland

The Joglland is a heavily forested low mountain region in northeastern Styria in the districts of Hartberg-Fürstenfeld and Weiz. Today it forms the tourist region of Joglland–Waldheimat (Kraftspendedörfer Joglland).
Its name is probably derived from Jakob (perhaps from the village of Sankt Jakob im Walde) which, in this region is often corrupted to Joggl or Jackl. The region is described in the literature by the Styrian poet, Peter Rosegger, who grew up as a farmer's son in Alpl.

## Location and landscape

The Joglland lies within East Styria between the Wechsel, the upper Feistritz valley, the Safenbach and the area of Hartberg-Friedberg. It forms a sub-group of the Prealps East of the Mur.
To the north lies the Semmering region, to the northeast is the region known as the Bucklige Welt. To the northwest are the Fischbach Alps, and beyond them the lower Mürz valley. To the west and southwest are the Graz Highlands. To the south are the East Styrian Hills, and to the southeast is South Burgenland – The latter already forming part of the Southeast Alpine Foreland, facing the Pannonian Plain.
The highest points of this region, with its Mittelgebirge character are the summits of the Wechsel massif – such as the Hochwechsel (1,742 m), Herrenstein (1,448 m) and Hochkogel (1,314 m) – the Wildwiesen (1,254 m), the Masenberg (1,261 m) and the Rabenwaldkogel (1,281 m).
The region is drained by the Feistritz and Lafnitz rivers.
# PLate OPtimizer

PLate OPtimizer, or PLOP is a CAD program used by amateur telescope makers to design primary mirror support cells for reflecting telescopes. It was developed by telescope maker David Lewis, first described in 1999, and used to simplify calculations needed in the design of mirror support cells. It was based on Toshimi Taki's 1993 program PLATE, with a simplified user interface, thus giving it wide acceptance among makers of large Dobsonian style amateur telescopes, with good support of mirrors as thin as two inches for a diameter of thirty inches.

## Comparisons and limitations

A basic mirror cell may be built using minimal calculation and simple materials such as wood and outdoor carpet, with a good example being Dobson's original telescopes. However, as amateurs sought to build larger and thinner mirrors, they found such designs inadequate.
Many amateur telescope makers use cells which are designed via equal area rule calculation, using programs such as David Chandler's public domain program, Cell. However, such calculation does not account for mechanical stresses introduced in one part of a telescope mirror by another part, whereas finite element analysis can be used to reduce such stress. Although general finite element analysis programs such as Nastran will work for mirror cells, an advantage of PLOP is that it can be set to ignore deformation that merely results in refocus of a mirror's parabola. PLOP can be used to calculate floating support points for a mirror's axial (rear) support; however, additional tools are needed to calculate potential error from a mirror's lateral (edge) support.
Mirror cell calculations, whether using PLOP or another program, do not overcome errors introduced by gluing the mirror to its cell, excessive tightening of edge supports, nor impingement of the cell structure onto the mirror as result of differential cooling shrinkage. The significantly more complex calculations arising from the support needs of large honeycomb mirrors and those using active optics systems are outside the design parameters of such programs.
# John Allen Clements

John Allen Clements (March 16, 1923 – September 3, 2024) was an American physician and physiologist known for his role in the discovery of pulmonary surfactant, a crucial factor in the development of life-saving treatments for neonatal respiratory distress syndrome. His research revolutionized the care of premature infants, greatly reducing infant mortality.

## Early life and education

Clements was born on March 16, 1923, in Auburn, New York. He developed an early interest in medicine, completing his undergraduate studies at Princeton University. He graduated from Weill Cornell Medical College in 1947.

## Career

Clements began his career as a physiologist focused on cardiovascular research but later shifted to pulmonary medicine. In 1957, while working at the University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), he made his seminal discovery of pulmonary surfactant, a lipid-protein mixture that reduces surface tension in the lungs and prevents the collapse of alveoli during exhalation. This discovery was pivotal in understanding the causes of neonatal respiratory distress syndrome, a common condition in premature infants. Clements, before working at UCSF, had conducted pulmonary research in the early 1950s at the Edgewood Chemical Biological Center. Clements would work at the University of California, San Francisco, for over six decades.

### Pulmonary surfactant discovery

Clements's research demonstrated that the absence or deficiency of surfactant was a major cause of neonatal respiratory distress syndrome in premature infants. His findings spurred the development of synthetic surfactants, which are now routinely used in neonatal intensive care units worldwide to treat preterm infants. This breakthrough dramatically reduced infant mortality and has saved countless lives.

## Later life and legacy

Clements continued to contribute to pulmonary biology and neonatal care throughout his career at UCSF, mentoring young scientists and furthering research into adult lung diseases. His contributions to medicine extended beyond his scientific discoveries, influencing generations of researchers and clinicians.
Clements turned 100 in 2023, and died in Tiburon, California on September 3, 2024, at the age of 101.

## Awards

* 1983 Gairdner Foundation International Award
* 1994 Lasker-DeBakey Clinical Medical Research Award
* 2008 Pollin Prize for Pediatric Research
# Kishu Izuchi

Kishu Izuchi (井土紀州, Izuchi Kishū, born 1968) is a film director and screenwriter from Japan. He has often collaborated with Takahisa Zeze.

## Career

Izuchi began making films while a student at Hosei University, winning an award at the Tokyo Student Film Festival. He began writing screenplays for pink films while starting his own independent production company, Spiritual Movies. His 8mm directorial film Jesus in Nirvana was released commercially in theaters. His films have been introduced at Frankfurt's Nippon Connection film festival.

## His works
### As director

* Jesus in Nirvana (Hyakunen no zesshō), 1998
* Mole’s Festival (Mogura no matsuri), 2010
* Muddy Planet (Doro no wakusei), 2010
* Naomi, 2024

### As screenwriter

* Moon Child
# Khakhi

Khakhi is a town and union council of Dera Ghazi Khan District in the Punjab province of Pakistan. It has an altitude of 111 metres (367 feet).
# Kimara

Mabibo chuo(Kata ya Kimara, in Swahili) is an administrative ward in Ubungo District of the Dar es Salaam Region in Tanzania. The ward borders Kinondoni's Makongo to the north. Ubungo and Makuburi border the ward to the east. Kimanga and Kinyerezi of Ilala are to the south. Saranga ward is to the west. According to the 2012 census, the ward has a total population of 76,577.

## Administration

The postal code for Kimara Ward is 16104. The ward is divided into the following neighborhoods (Mitaa):

### Government

Like every other ward in the country, the ward has local government offices based on the population served. The Kimara Ward administration building houses a court as per the Ward Tribunal Act of 1988, including other vital departments for the administration of the ward. The ward has the following administration offices:
* Kimara Ward Police Station
* Kimara Ward Government Office (Afisa Mtendaji)
* Kimara Ward Tribunal (Baraza La Kata) is a Department inside Ward Government Office
In the local government system of Tanzania, the ward is the smallest democratic unit. Each ward comprises a committee of eight elected council members, including a chairperson, one salaried officer (with no voting rights), and an executive officer. One-third of seats are reserved for women councilors.

## Demographics

The ward serves as the Zaramo's ancestral home along with a sizable chunk of the district. The ward changed over time into a cosmopolitan ward as the city grew.

## Education and health
### Education

The ward is home to these educational institutions:
* Libery Primary School
* Kimara Secondary School
* Sakana Secondary School
* St. Magreth Primary School
* Veritas Primary School
* Kimara Baruti Primary School
* Crested Crane International Schools, Kimara
* KAM College of Health Sciences, Kimara
* Peaceland Secondary School

### Healthcare

The ward is home to the following health institutions:
* MICO Kimara Health Center
* Mavurunza Health Center
* Muzdalfa Health Center
* Paradigms Health Center
* MCDIT Health Center
* Arafa Mwananchi Health Center, Kimara
* Salama 1 Health Center
# Kampti Department

Kampti is a department or commune of Poni Province in southern Burkina Faso. Its capital lies at the town of Kampti.
# Kaino Thomsen

Kaino Thomsen-Fuataga (born 12 May 1991) is a Samoan sportsman who has represented his country in taekwondo  and rugby union. He competed in the +80 kg event at the 2012 Summer Olympics; he was defeated by Anthony Obame in the preliminary round and was eliminated by Robelis Despaigne in the repechage contest.

## Rugby union

In December 2012, just four months after London 2012, Thomsen announced he had quit taekwondo due to false promises, empty words and the lack of money. He said he wanted to re-purpose his talents at rugby union after representing Manu Samoa in age grade rugby. In February 2013, he was part of the Samoa A squad in the Pacific Rugby Cup, in which Samoa A came runners up to Fiji Warriors. Just two years after London 2012, Thomsen was then named in the Samoan national rugby union team for their 2014 mid-year tests and 2014 IRB Pacific Nations Cup.
In a return to taekwondo for the Pacific Games held in Apia in 2019, Thomsen won a silver medal in a closely contested bout against Australia's Alan Salek in the +87 kg division. He had won a gold medal at the games eight years earlier in Nouméa.
# Regina Shotaro

Regina Shotaro (born September 10, 1981) is one of the first athletes from the Federated States of Micronesia to participate in the Olympic Games, in this case the 2000 Summer Olympics in Sydney, Australia.
After a career as a 100 metres runner in the Federated States of Micronesia, Regina pursued her education in the United States at Lansing Community College in Lansing, Michigan. Regina is of Japanese descent, and currently resides in Lansing, Michigan. She has won multiple bodybuilding championships, competing in the NPC figure division.

## Achievements

| Year | Competition | Venue | Position | Event | Notes |
| Representing Chuuk ||||||
| 1998 | Micronesian Games | Koror, Palau | 3rd | 4 × 400 m relay | 4:33.52 min |
| 2002 | Micronesian Games | Kolonia, Pohnpei | 1st | 4 × 100 m relay | 52.23 s GR |
# 1940–41 in Scottish football

The 1940–41 season was the 68th season of competitive football in Scotland and the second season of special wartime football during World War II.

## Overview

Between 1939 and 1946 normal competitive football was suspended in Scotland. Many footballers signed up to fight in the war and as a result many teams were depleted, and fielded guest players instead. The Scottish Football League and Scottish Cup were suspended and in their place regional league competitions were set up. Appearances in these tournaments do not count in players' official records.

## Honours

League competition was played in the Southern League. No country-wide cup competition took place, although the Glasgow Cup and Renfrewshire Cup continued, and a Southern League Cup was also competed for, a competition which formed the basis of the League Cup.
| Competition | Winner |
| Southern League | Rangers |
| Glasgow Cup | Celtic |
| Southern League Cup | Rangers |
| Summer Cup | Hibernian |
| Renfrewshire Cup | St Mirren |

## International

Due to the war official international football was suspended and so officially the Scotland team was inactive. However unofficial internationals featuring scratch teams representing Scotland continued. Appearances in these matches are not, however, included in a players total international caps.
Scotland faced England in a wartime international on 8 February 1941 at St James' Park, Newcastle upon Tyne in front of 25,000 fans. Scotland won 3–2, their goals coming from a Joe Bacuzzi own goal and a brace from Dougie Wallace. The Scotland team that day comprised: Jerry Dawson, Bobby Hogg, Andy Beattie, Malky McDonald, Jimmy Dykes, George Brown, John Milne, Tommy Walker, Jimmy Smith, Dougie Wallace and Jimmy Caskie.
The two teams met again at Hampden Park, Glasgow on 3 May 1941 in front of a crowd of 78,000. This time Scotland suffered a 3–1 defeat, with their only goal coming from Alex Venters. The Scotland team that day comprised: Jerry Dawson, Jimmy Carabine, Jock Shaw, Bill Shankly, Jimmy Dykes, Tommy Brown, Torrance Gillick, Tommy Walker, Jimmy Smith, Alex Venters and Jimmy Caskie.
# Kislaya Guba Tidal Power Station

The Kislaya Guba Tidal Power Station is an experimental project in Kislaya Guba, Russia.
The station is the world's 4th largest tidal power plant in operation since the Annapolis Royal Generating Station ceased operation. With an output capacity of 1.7 megawatts (2,300 hp). Station began operating in 1968, but was later shut down for 10 years until December 2004, when funding resumed. The old 0.4 megawatts (540 hp) French-built generation unit was dismantled. In 2004 was installed first new 0.2 megawatts (270 hp) generation unit, and in 2007 – second, 1.5 megawatts (2,000 hp). The site was originally chosen because the long and deep fjord had a fairly narrow outlet to the sea which could easily be dammed for the project. There are plans for two larger scale projects based on this design near Mezen, on the White Sea and Tugur on the Sea of Okhotsk.
# 1947 Chatham Cup

The 1947 Chatham Cup was the 20th annual nationwide knockout football competition in New Zealand.
The competition was run on a regional basis, with regional associations each holding separate qualifying rounds. Teams taking part in the final rounds are known to have included North Shore United (Auckland), Waterside (Wellington) Wanganui Technical Old Boys (Whanganui), St. Andrews (Manawatu), Technical Old Boys (Christchurch), Northern Hearts (Timaru), Mosgiel (Dunedin), and Invercargill Thistle (Southland).

## The 1947 final

The 1947 final was played in ideal conditions in front of 6000 spectators at the Basin Reserve in Wellington. After the match the cup was awarded to the Waterside captain by the Governor-General of New Zealand of the time, Bernard Freyberg, 1st Baron Freyberg VC.
Bob Bolton, Toby Janes, and Tom Walker became the first players to play in four winning sides, having previously played for Waterside in the 1938, 1939, and 1940 finals. Waterside dominated the final, but no goals were scored in the first period. In the second half, Mark Bell scored for Waterside, only to have Colin Bailey equalise before the final whistle. The only goal of extra time came through Waterside's Toby Janes. Mr. J. Sanderson of Wellington became only the second referee (after G. Jackson) to officiate at two finals, having also been in charge in the 1933 final.
# 1916 Lafayette football team

The 1916 Lafayette football team was an American football team that represented Lafayette College as an independent during the 1916 college football season. In its third and final season under head coach Wilmer G. Crowell, the team compiled a 2–6–1 record. Paul Taylor was the team captain. The team played its home games at March Field in Easton, Pennsylvania.

## Schedule

| Date | Opponent | Site | Result |
| September 30 | Fordham | March FieldEaston, PA | T 0–0 |
| October 7 | Swarthmore | March FieldEaston, PA | L 6–10 |
| October 14 | Ursinus | March FieldEaston, PA | L 0–6 |
| October 21 | at Princeton | Palmer StadiumPrinceton, NJ | L 0–33 |
| October 28 | Lebanon Valley | March FieldEaston, PA | W 27–14 |
| November 4 | at Penn | Franklin FieldPhiladelphia, PA | L 0–19 |
| November 11 | Albright | March FieldEaston, PA | W 32–0 |
| November 17 | at Penn State | New Beaver FieldState College, PA | L 0–40 |
| November 25 | Lehigh | March FieldEaston, PA (rivalry) | L 0–16 |
# Ottoman raid on the Balearic Islands (1501)

An Ottoman raid on the Balearic Islands occurred in 1501 under the Ottoman admiral Kemal Reis. This raid was combined with attacks on Sardinia and Pianosa (near the island of Elba).
The 1501 raid on the Balearics followed some of the earliest interventions of the Ottomans in the western Mediterranean. These interventions were in response to the Fall of Granada and the help the last Muslim ruler there had requested from the Ottoman Empire in his fight against Castile. Upon this request, the Ottoman sultan Bayezid sent a fleet under Kemal Reis to attack the Spanish coast. In 1487 and again in 1492 when Granada fell, the Ottoman fleet was used to rescue refugees and ferry them to the coast of North Africa.
A side effect of the raid seems to have been that a Spanish sailor was captured in possession of an early map of Columbus.
# Kimara Lovelace

Kimara Lovelace is a female dance music vocalist from Somerville, New Jersey who placed three songs in the Top 10 of the Hot Dance Music/Club Play chart in the late nineties. "Circles" spent a week at #1 in 1998. That same year, Kimara performed vocals on the songs "Ridge Racer -One More Win-" and "Urban Fragments" for the video game R4: Ridge Racer Type 4. Her follow-up single to "Circles" was "When Can Our Love Begin". Kimara also worked with music producer Lil Louis releasing a single "Misery" in 2000. Her other songs "Only You" charted at #5 and "I Luv You More" charted at #9 on Billboard Dance Club Song Play chart.
# Kamptobaatar

Kamptobaatar is a Mongolian mammal genus from the Upper Cretaceous. It lived at the same time as the later dinosaurs. This animal was a member of the extinct order Multituberculata within the suborder Cimolodonta and family Sloanbaataridae.
The genus Kamptobaatar ("bent hero") was named by Zofia Kielan-Jaworowska in 1970 based on a single species. "Bent" refers to the observable bend of the zygomatic arches in the skull.
Fossil remains of the species Kamptobaatar kuczynskii are known from the Upper Cretaceous Djadokhta Formation of Mongolia. The skull had a length of about 2 cm (0.79 in), while the whole animal was around 10 cm (3.9 in).
# Ivémbéni-Bandasamoulini

Ivémbéni-Bandasamoulini is a village on the island of Grande Comore (Ngazidja) in the Comoros. According to the 1991 census, the village had a population of 2806.
# Renaissance Street Singers

The Renaissance Street Singers is a New York City-based amateur choir that performs polyphonic sacred music a cappella in free concerts in public spaces of the city. It was founded in 1973 by John Hetland, who remains the conductor and also prepares the music.

## History

John Hetland, a resident of Manhattan, founded the Renaissance Street Singers in 1973 as a group of amateur singers willing to perform music of the Renaissance in free concerts on open places of New York City on a regular basis. They focus on unaccompanied polyphonic sacred music.
The group consists of about 25 people who love this kind of music and who wish to share it by singing for passers-by. They rehearse at the conductor's home, and perform in public spaces and street corners around the city. In cold weather, they often perform in Grand Central Station. Despite the religious origin of the music, the performances are given without religious message. Concerts are normally on Sunday afternoons, two or sometimes three times a month, always free. Donations offered by listeners are politely refused.
The music performed, primarily from the 15th and 16th centuries, is a slowly changing list of motets, mass sections, and other sacred compositions, by composers such as Guillaume Dufay, Johannes Ockeghem, Josquin des Prez, Giovanni Pierluigi da Palestrina, William Byrd, Tomás Luis de Victoria, Nicolas Gombert, and Manuel Cardoso. The music is mostly taken from Complete Works of ... volumes in the Performing Arts Research Library of the New York Public Library. Hetland transfers a photocopy of a chosen piece to a computer, translating the usually Latin text and fitting the words to the music. Sometimes this involves transposing the music to a suitable key.
In 2013, the choir was featured on National Public Radio's program "All Things Considered".
# Kisling

Kisling is a German language surname. It may refer to:
* Jérémie Kisling (born 1976), Swiss singer-songwriter
* Moïse Kisling (1891–1953), Polish painter
* Richard D. Kisling (1923–1985), American aviator

## Other uses

* Gutten Kisling, fictional character in the game Okage: Shadow King
# Saint-Pardoux-le-Neuf

Saint-Pardoux-le-Neuf may refer to the following places in France:
* Saint-Pardoux-le-Neuf, Corrèze, a commune in the department of Corrèze
* Saint-Pardoux-le-Neuf, Creuse, a commune in the department of Creuse
# 1916 Louisiana Industrial football team

The 1916 Louisiana Industrial football team was an American football team that represented the Louisiana Industrial Institute—now known as Louisiana Tech University—as a member of the Louisiana Intercollegiate Athletic Association (LIAA) during the 1916 college football season. Led by A. Flack in his first and only season as head coach, Louisiana Industrial compiled an overall record of 2–4. Dewitt Milam was the team's captain.

## Schedule

| Date | Time | Opponent | Site | Result | Attendance |
| October 23 | | vs. Ouachita Baptist* | Hope, AR | W 10–6 | 1,500 |
| October 27 | | Henderson-Brown* | Ruston, LA | L 0–14 | |
| November 4 | | vs. Louisiana Normal | Shreveport, LA | W 24–0 | |
| November 10 | | at Mississippi College* | Clinton, MS | L 0–47 | |
| November 18 | | Southwestern Louisiana Industrial | Ruston, LA | L 0–26 | |
| November 30 | 2:30 p.m. | at Hendrix* | Russell FieldConway, AR | L 6–7 | |
| *Non-conference gameAll times are in Central time |||||||
# Jean Duverger

Jean Duverger (born 5 April 1973) is a Mexican actor and entertainer.

## Life and career

He is of French-Haitian ancestry. From 1981 to 1983, he studied at the Centro de Educacion Artística. Between 1988 and 1991, he was a backup dancer for the singer Yuri. Duverger was a member of Timbiriche from 1992-1993. He appeared in various telenovelas of Televisa from 1989 to 1999. In 2000 he began working for TV Azteca. He currently works for Fox Sports in Mexico and is the host of the television show "Fox Para Todos" (Fox for Everyone).
In June 2015, Duverger revealed that he was contacted by various "agencies" that offered monetary compensation for favorable tweets of the Green Party, which he refused. This revelation came after speculation that unusually supportive tweets by celebrities and sports figures in the days prior to the 2015 elections had been bought by the Partido Verde.

## Filmography
### Film and television

| Year | Title | Role | Notes |
| 1996 | Última llamada | Tony | |
| 1996-1998 | Ritmoson Latino | Presenter | |
| 1998 | ¿Qué nos pasa? | - | |
| 2000-2001 | Mejores amigos | Presenter | |
| 2003 | Zurdo | Capullo | |
| 2005 | Elektrízate | Presenter | |
| 2005 | Bailando por un millón | Contestant | Reality show |
| 2008 | Fútbol para todos | Presenter | |
| 2009, 2012 | Nocturninos | Presenter | |
| 2012 | The Fantastic World of Juan Orol | Black Baseball Player | |
| 2014 | El Ultimo Pitazo | Presenter | |
| 2014 | Fox para todos | Presenter | |