OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Karasu (village)

Karasu (Kazakh: Қарасу) is a village in the Kostanay Region, Kazakhstan. It is the administrative center and the only significant inhabited place of Karasu District (KATO code - 395230100). Population: 3,728 (2009 Census results); 4,374 (1999 Census results).

## Geography

The village is located 5 kilometers (3.1 mi) to the west of the northern shore of lake Koybagar, at a bend in river Karasu, which flows northwards, and then bends eastwards into the western shore of the lake.

### Climate

Climate data for Karasu (1991–2020) :
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | −11.9 (10.6) | −10.6 (12.9) | −3.1 (26.4) | 10.8 (51.4) | 20.9 (69.6) | 25.9 (78.6) | 26.6 (79.9) | 25.5 (77.9) | 18.9 (66.0) | 10.1 (50.2) | −2.3 (27.9) | −9.4 (15.1) | 8.4 (47.1) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | −16.0 (3.2) | −15.1 (4.8) | −7.7 (18.1) | 4.8 (40.6) | 13.9 (57.0) | 19.1 (66.4) | 20.3 (68.5) | 18.6 (65.5) | 12.0 (53.6) | 4.3 (39.7) | −6.1 (21.0) | −13.4 (7.9) | 2.9 (37.2) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −20.2 (−4.4) | −19.4 (−2.9) | −12.1 (10.2) | −0.5 (31.1) | 6.9 (44.4) | 12.1 (53.8) | 13.9 (57.0) | 12.1 (53.8) | 6.1 (43.0) | −0.5 (31.1) | −9.8 (14.4) | −17.4 (0.7) | −2.4 (27.7) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 13.1 (0.52) | 14.5 (0.57) | 18.5 (0.73) | 22.1 (0.87) | 32.7 (1.29) | 35.6 (1.40) | 46.7 (1.84) | 35.5 (1.40) | 24.2 (0.95) | 24.0 (0.94) | 19.7 (0.78) | 17.1 (0.67) | 303.7 (11.96) |
| Average precipitation days (≥ 1.0 mm) | 4.1 | 4.2 | 4.4 | 4.3 | 6.0 | 5.2 | 7.0 | 6.1 | 4.8 | 5.8 | 5.2 | 4.9 | 62 |
| Source: NOAA ||||||||||||||
# Bradley Eros

Bradley Eros (born in 1952 in Fairfield, Illinois) is an experimental film director, actor, curator, poet, and performance artist who also makes Musique concrète sound collages, music videos, photographs, live projection performances, works on paper and art objects.
His work has been presented in multiple screenings and exhibitions at the Museum of Modern Art, and the Whitney Museum of American Art, including the 2004 Whitney Biennial, and is in the permanent collection of the museum. He has also created dozens of ‘zines, posters, soundtracks and unique artist’s books. He is represented by Microscope Gallery in New York City and is known for his work in the field of contracted cinema.

## Life and work

Among his first projects following his relocation from Illinois to NYC was a series of expanded cinema films with (and performed live with) Aline Mare in a multi-media film and music partnership called Erotic Psyche. In 1982 he helped organize (and appeared in) the Colab sponsored Erotic Psyche Show at ABC No Rio after he participated in The Times Square Show. His sound collage The Atom & Eve of Destruction (1983) appears on the first issue of Tellus Audio Cassette Magazine in 1983. In 1984, he made Mutable Fire, a collage film about destruction and desire.
From 1987 to 2016 he collaborated with the artist/filmmaker Jeanne Liotta. In 2020, he also collaborated with musician Lea Bertucci providing visuals for a video.
He is manager and researcher at Anthology Film Archives, as well as a member of the board of directors of The Film-Makers' Cooperative in New York City.

## Selected works

* Warp & Weft (with Lea Burtucci; 2019)
* Trans Trans (Transformers Transformed) (with Tim Geraghty; 2009)
* Aerodynamics of the Black Sun (2006)
* eros.ion (1999)
* Dervish Machine (1992)
* Subverted Horseplay (with former partner Jeanne Liotta; 1987-2016)
* Erotic Psyche (with Aline Mare; 1985)
* Mutable Fire (1984)
* Osmosis (1972-2002)
# Willy Puchner

Willy Puchner (born 15 March 1952) is an Austrian photographer, artist, painter, and author.

## Early life and career

Puchner was born and raised in Mistelbach an der Zaya, Lower Austria, on 15 March 1952. In 1967, he relocated to Vienna to attend photography classes at the Höhere Graphische Lehr- und Versuchsanstalt (Higher Federal Institution for Graphic Education and Research). After completing his studies in 1974, Puchner taught photography at HGBLuVA for a short period.
Since 1978, Puchner has worked as a freelance photographer and writer based in Vienna. He later pursued studies in various social and life sciences, including philosophy and sociology, and obtained a master's degree in philosophy, though it is unknown from which educational institution. During the 1980s, he delivered numerous lectures on private photography at universities, museums, and galleries.
Starting in 1989, Puchner has worked regularly for the Wiener Zeitung, an Austrian newspaper.

## Photography projects

For one of Puchner's projects, a children's picture book titled, "Penguins – Traveling the World", he traveled with a pair of penguin statues, "Joe and Sally", taking them to tourist sites—including the sea, the desert, New York, Sydney, Paris, Venice, Tokyo, Honolulu, Rome, and Cairo—to photograph them there.
Other Puchner projects have centered on portraits of elderly subjects: "Die 90-jährigen" (At the Age of 90), "Dialog mit dem Alter" (Dialogue with the High Age), "Die 100-jährigen" (At the Age of 100), "Lebensgeschichte und Fotografie" (Oral History and Photography), and "Liebe im Alter" (Love at High Age).
Overall, Puncher has held over 30 different exhibitions worldwide on the subject of photography, and over 20 different printed projects, including children's picture books and various photo sets, featuring his photography work. The editions for these printed projects are available in English and German.

## Exhibitions

* 1980: Museum Moderner Kunst (Museum of Modern Art), Vienna and Künstlerhaus (House of Artists), N.Ö. Galerie, Vienna
* 1982: Museum des 20. Jahrhundert (Museum of the 20th Century), Vienna
* 1984: Österreichisches Fotomuseum (Austrian Museum of Photography), Bad Ischl
* 1992: Steirischer Herbst, Graz
* 2001: "On the Road at Home" (Auf Reisen zu Hause), gallery Atrium ed Arte, Vienna
* 2005: Stopover New York, gallery Atrium ed Arte, Vienna
* Further exhibitions in Berlin, Bremen, Kleve, Braunschweig, Klagenfurt, Norfolk, Washington, D.C, Mumbai, Beirut, Tokyo, Osaka, Ōita, Nagoya, and Sapporo
# Marc Swayze

Marcus Desha Swayze, known as Marc Swayze (July 17, 1913 – October 14, 2012), was an American comic book artist from 1941 to 1953 for Fawcett Comics of New York City.
He is best known for his work on Captain Marvel and the Marvel Family during the Golden Age of comic books for Fawcett Comics. He was the co-creator of Mary Marvel, along with writer Otto Binder. The first Mary Marvel character sketches came from Swayze's drawing table, and he illustrated her earliest adventures, including the classic origin story, "Captain Marvel Introduces Mary Marvel" (Captain Marvel Adventures #18, Dec. 1942).

## Biography

Swayze was born to Louis Herbert and Mildred (née Turner) Swayze. He graduated from Neville High School in his native Monroe, Louisiana. He attended the Northeast Center of LSU (now University of Louisiana at Monroe) before receiving his degree from Louisiana Tech University in Ruston. He subsequently procured a Master of Fine Arts degree from Northeast Louisiana University (now ULM) where he also taught art.
Swayze was hired primarily by Fawcett to illustrate Captain Marvel stories and covers for Whiz Comics and Captain Marvel Adventures. He wrote many Captain Marvel scripts and continued to do so while he served in the United States Army, which he entered at Fort Oglethorpe in north Georgia during World War II. He played guitar and performed twice with Bing Crosby entertaining troops.
After leaving the military in 1944, he made an arrangement with Fawcett to produce art and stories on a freelance basis from his home in Monroe, where he created both art and storylines for The Phantom Eagle (Wow Comics), as well as drawing the "Flyin' Jenny" newspaper strip for Bell Syndicate (created by Russell Keaton). After Wow Comics ceased publication, Swayze produced artwork for Fawcett's top-selling line of romance comics, including Sweethearts and Life Story. After the company ceased publishing comics, Swayze switched to Charlton Publications, from which he ended his comics career in the middle 1950s. He was then hired by Olin Mathieson to establish the art department for the company's packaging division.
In an interview in 2000 with the Monroe News Star, Swayze describes his philosophy of developing comics as the utilization of "art in storytelling so that even a child who couldn't yet read could get a story out of it." An oil painter and former semi-professional league baseball player, Swayze wrote a column containing his memoirs, carried in Alter Ego magazine, from 1996 until his death, under the title, We Didn't Know It Was the Golden Age!

## Family and death

Swayze and his wife, the former June Bloomer, reared five children in Monroe. He was elected to the Ouachita Parish School Board, and was vice commander of the American Legion.
He died October 14, 2012, in Monroe at age 99. In addition to his wife of 66 years, he was survived by his three daughters, a son, and four grandchildren. The fifth child is not mentioned by name in the obituary, presumably having predeceased his or her parents. Services were held on October 17, 2012, at the First United Methodist Church of Monroe. Interment was at Riverview Cemetery in Monroe.
# Adrian Temple of Tehran

The Adrian Temple of Tehran (Persian: نیایشگاه آدریان تهران, romanized: Niâyešgāh-e Ādriān-e Tehrān), also called the Great Adorian, is a Zoroastrian fire temple in Tehran, Iran. Opened during the late Qajar period in 1917, it is the only fire temple in Tehran, and has been on the Iran National Heritage List since 2003. The fire continuously burning within the temple goes back to a line of fires burning since 470 CE.

## History

In the 19th century, the Indian subcontinent harbored a large community of Zoroastrian Parsis, descendants from Persians who fled from religious persecution after the Arab conquest of the Persian Empire, as well as later Zoroastrian refugees fleeing Qajar rule. In 1853, the Society for the Amelioration of the Conditions of the Zoroastrians in Persia was founded in Bombay, India, with the goal of improving conditions for Zoroastrians in the "original homeland" of Iran.
The Iran-Parsi connections were instrumental in the realization of the Adrian Temple: it was largely made possible by Keikhosrow Shahrokh, who had been to school in Bombay, with the financial backing of the Bombay sisters Zarbai and Sunabai Dubash as well as of Parsi philanthropist Bahramji Bikaji. Shahrokh was the first Zoroastrian representative to the Iranian parliament, serving from 1908 until 1940.
The foundation stone was laid in August 1913 by the minister of education at the time, and future prime minister, Mehdi Qoli Khan Hedayat. However, due to bad press concerning Tehran Zoroastrians in Bombay newspapers, the financial aid from India halted, leaving the temple without a roof until Zoroastrians within Iran were able to finance its completion in 1917.
The consecration ceremony was held on 30 November 1917, or the ninth day of the ninth month in the Zoroastrian and Persian calendars, the day of the fire festival of Azergan. The fire within the temple, which has been burning ever since, was brought over the course of 25 days from the Fire Temple of Yazd, and thus claims a lineage of fire going back to at least 470 CE.
The originally brick façade was changed to marble in 1966, financed by Fereydoun Farahmand in memory of Shirmard Farahmand.

## Building

The layout of the temple is based on Parsi designs. A portico of six columns flanks the entrance, leading into the assembly and prayer hall. Burning within the domed fire chamber, or ātašgāh, the fire is visible from three sides through glass windows. The building sits on a site of approximately 1300 square metres, and is fronted by an oval 4-by-8 metre water basin. The building contains an additional hall, named Iraj, for ceremonies, among other rooms and halls in the complex.

## Current use

Managed by the Zoroastrian Association of Tehran, the Adrian Temple is the only functioning and active Zoroastrian fire temple in Tehran. While it is thus used for Zoroastrian ceremonies including Nowruz, Sadeh, and weddings, for example, it is at other times open for visits by the general public.
# Jus relictae

In Scots law, jus relictae is the right of the surviving spouse in the moveable property of the deceased spouse. Jus relictae is the term used for a surviving wife, and jus relicti is the term used for a surviving husband. The similar right for any surviving children is referred to as legitim.
The deceased must have been domiciled in Scotland, but the right accrues from moveable property, wherever situated. The surviving spouse's right vests by survivance, and is independent of the deceased spouse's testamentary provisions; it may however be renounced by contract, or be discharged by satisfaction. It is subject to alienation of the deceased spouse's moveable property during his lifetime or by its conversion into heritable property.

## Additional explanations

Prior to 1964 the surviving spouse also has a right of terce (not the same as the religious term terce) on the deceased spouse's lands. Thus, under Scots law, both moveable and heritable property were subject to the rights of a surviving spouse and children. However, section 10(1) of the Succession (Scotland) Act 1964 abolished the common law rights of 'terce' and 'courtesy'. Only jus relictae, jus relicti and legitim remain.
The legal principles of jus relictae and legitime also remain active in the US state of Louisiana, which differs from the other 49 states as it operates under a civil law code similar to the Napoleonic code and Roman law rather than common law.
# Hamadan (disambiguation)

Hamadan is a city in Hamedan Province, Iran.

## Places

Hamedan (Persian: همدان) may also refer to:
* Hamadan, East Azerbaijan
* Hamedan, Sistan and Baluchestan or Humadan
* Hamedan Province, Iran
** Hamadan County in Hamadan Province in Iran
** Hamadan Airbase, an Islamic Republic of Iran Air Force base located north of Hamadan in the Hamadān Province
** Hamadan Garrison, a military installation and village in Alvandkuh-e Gharbi Rural District, in the Central District of Hamadan County, Hamadan Province, Iran
** Hamadan International Airport

## People

* Banu Hamdan, a Yemeni tribal group
* Shah-e-Hamadan, or Mir Sayyid Ali Hamadani, a Persian Sūfī of the Kubrawiya order, a poet and a Muslim scholar
# Marian Czapla

Marian Czapla (28 July 1946 – 12 January 2016) was a Polish painter and graphic artist.
Born on 28 July 1946 in Gacki near Szydłów, Czapla graduated from the School of Plastic Arts in Kielce. He then attended the Academy of Fine Arts in Warsaw and was a pupil of Stefan Gierowski (painting), Halina Chrostowska, and Joseph Pakulski (graphics).
Czapla co-founded the art group Simplex S4, of which he was a member from 1974 to 1979. Since 1972 he has been a professor of painting at his former university. His works have been displayed at many solo exhibitions and group exhibitions in Poland and abroad. The National Museum in Kielce held an exhibition from May 24 to July 28, 2002, which featured 155 pieces from three decades of Czapla's work.
He lived in Warsaw, and after 1979 was an Honorary Citizen of the municipality of Szydłów. He died on 12 January 2016, at the age of 69.
# Jacek Sempoliński

Jacek Sempoliński (March 27, 1927 – August 30, 2012) was a Polish painter, draftsman, art professor, critic, and essayist.
Sempoliński was born in Warsaw. He studied painting at the Academy of Fine Arts in Warsaw. He taught at his alma mater from 1956.
His works are held in the collections of Zachęta, Museum of Modern Art, Warsaw, BWA Bielsko Biała, Starak Family Foundation

## Selected exhibitions

* 2017 - Jacek Sempoliński, Gazing pictures, Manggha, Cracow
* 2002 - A me stesso, Zachęta, Warsaw
* 1995 - Jacek Sempoliński. Malarstwo, rysunek, Galeria Kordegarda, Warsaw
* 1983 - Jacek Sempoliński, Czaszka, Poznań Museum of Art

## Awards

* 1976 - Jan Cybis Prize, Warsaw
* 1986 - Brother Albert Award, Warsaw
* 2004 - The Kazimierz Ostrowski Award, Gdańsk
* 2012 - Gloria Artis (Zasłużony Kulturze - Gloria Artis) Medal, Warsaw
# Khalili Rural District

Khalili Rural District (Persian: دهستان خلیلی) is in the Central District of Gerash County, Fars province, Iran. Its capital is the village of Khalili.

## History

In November 2008, Beyram, Evaz, and Gerash Districts were separated from Larestan County in the establishment of Gerash County, which was divided into three districts of two rural districts each, with Gerash as its capital. However, Beyram and Evaz Districts were returned to Larestan County six months later, and at the same time, Khalili Rural District was created in the Central District.

## Demographics
### Population

At the time of the 2011 National Census, the rural district's population was 3,382 in 892 households. The 2016 census measured the population of the rural district as 3,720 in 937 households. The most populous of its nine villages was Khalili, with 1,582 people.
# Henry Grahn Hermunen

Henry Grahn Hermunen (Helsinki 1963) is a contemporary artist living in Helsinki, Finland and Stockholm, Sweden.

## Biography

He studied at The Academy of Fine Arts, Helsinki Finland between 1996–2001 and received a Master of Fine Arts. During 1998 -2000 he was a scholar at The Royal Institute of Art - Royal University College of Fine Arts in Stockholm Sweden.
Since the late 1990s, he has created large-scale installations consisting of separate techniques or combinations such as: photography, drawings, sculpture, painting, light and sound, dealing with environmental and sociopolitical issues.
In an interview "Art about the beauty in Life", with Ny Tid (Finland) news magazine Henry Grahn Hermunen said: We live in the middle of a worldwide renaissance with global education through the internet. But for example, people work too much to have time to consume what they have. Medias role is crucial - they can obviously make people shrink. Joseph Pulitzer who founded the Pulitzer Prize and who sometimes acted dubiously himself, said a hundred years ago "that a cynical, mercenary and demagogic press will eventually create a people who are just as shabby as themselves".
Henry Grahn Hermunen has exhibited at art venues including Art Forum Berlin, ARCO Madrid and at The Whitechapel Gallery London, as well showing solo exhibitions at Marina Gisich Gallery and at The Hermitage Museum in St. Petersburg. Swedish newspaper SvD Svenska Dagbladet wrote: Grahn Hermunen is the first North European Contemporary Artist invited to show his exhibition "Water table in a renaissance garden" in one of the halls of The Hermitage, a Museum considered to be one of the world's foremost Institutions.
Visiting the exhibition Marina Chekmareva at The State Hermitage Museum said in an interview to Alexey Sukhorukov from Russia-Culture National TV. "we have been carrying out these combined exhibition - masterclass projects for three years by the most advanced artists not only from Russia but also from abroad"
The fine art of Grahn Hermunen are for example in the collections of Moderna Museet the Museum of Modern Art Stockholm Sweden, Pro Artibus Finland, Hamburger Bahnhof - Museum of Contemporary Art Berlin Germany, MoMA - Museum of Modern Art New York USA, Erarta Museum of Contemporary Art St. Petersburg Russia, and The South Karelian Art Museum Finland.
Henry Grahn Hermunen was invited by Head Curator Larisa Skobkina Golybeva to take part and also curate the North European section to the Celebratory 10th International Dialogues Biennale in Manege -The Main Exhibition Hall of St. Petersburg, Russia 2011.
The artist is represented by Cath Alexandrine Danneskiold-Samsøe Gallery in Denmark, Marina Gisich Gallery in Russia, and Karin Weber-Galerie Mitte in Germany.
# Monument to the Communications Workers of Don

Monument to the Communications Workers of Don (Russian: Памятник «Связистам Дона») is the monument which was opened on 9 September 2016 at the entrance to Ostrovsky Park in Rostov-on-Don. The author of the monument was the sculptor Valentin Kostev. The opening ceremony of the monument was coincided with the City Day, as well as the date of the 115th anniversary of the first civil radio communication session.

## History

In April 2016 in the city of Rostov-on-Don took place a popular vote during which it was necessary to choose the best model. In the future the monument to the Communication workers of Don will be created on the basis of it. On the first place there was a model which was created by the staff of the branch of the Federal State Unitary Enterprise "Radio Frequency Center of the Central Federal District". Valentin Kostev was chosen as a sculptor. The monument was built on the voluntary contributions of the city residents and donations received from patrons. The place for the installation of the monument was chosen as the entrance to the Nikolai Ostrovsky Recreation Park, on the crossing of the 14th line and Sholokhov avenue.

## Description

In the center of the sculptural composition is the globe. It is located on a pedestal with arrows. The author of the sculpture thought out the elements that are responsible for displaying Telecommunications, postal and Satellite radio system. Thus, arrows symbolize telecommunications; a dove with an envelope in its beak is for postal communication, Satellite radio system is identified with an orbit that is located around the Earth. The height of the sculpture is about 6 meters. At the base the creators placed the tablets on which the names of the patrons of the project and the names of the communication operators are indicated. Near the sculpture there is Wi-Fi and a camera, which has a connection to the "Safe City" system.
# Mark Chu

Mark Bo Chu (born May 12, 1989) is an Australian artist, writer and complexity scientist. His public murals are shown in Atlantic City and Melbourne, and he has held painting exhibitions in Melbourne, Shanghai and New York, focusing on human subjects, streetscapes, and audience-submitted imagery. Chu's 2013 debut solo show exhibited specimens of his own dandruff and in 2019 he undertook the Q Bank Gallery Residency in Queenstown, Tasmania. In contributions to scientific research, Chu has co-authored papers in journals such as Nature (journal), Cognition (journal), the International Committee on Computational Linguistics Conference, the Association for Computing Machinery's Creativity and Cognition Conference, and the Association for Computational Linguistics. In 2019 he graduated from the Santa Fe Institute's Complex Systems Summer School where he co-founded the aesthetics research collective Comp-syn who were 2021 European Commission STARTS Prize semifinalists. Chu is a past restaurant reviewer for The Age Good Food Guide. At thirteen years old he recorded as a piano soloist with the Melbourne Symphony Orchestra and was a 2005 keyboard finalist in the ABC Young Performers Awards. He is a fiction graduate of Columbia University's MFA and past winner of the engineering school's interdisciplinary design challenge. Chu's 2021 concept sculpture "The Giving Ox" was intentionally fixed at a price of zero dollars, with the owner instructed to live as generously as possible until passing on the work for the fixed price. Chu was a recipient of the MH Carnegie NFT Fellowship, through which he exhibited crime theory collectibles Crypto Crimz at the Sydney Contemporary Art Fair. In 2022, for a candid portrait of his partner author Nell Pierce, Chu received a Highly Commended prize for the Art Gallery of Western Australia's Lester Prize, one of Australia's richest portrait prizes.
Mark Chu is the son of Chinese-Australia composer Chu Wanghua, and grandson of Chinese scholar and dissident Chu Anping. He lives in Melbourne with his partner Nell Pierce, and their daughter Mo.