OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Pacific Exchange

The Pacific Exchange was a regional stock exchange in California, from 1956 to 2006. Its main exchange floor and building were in San Francisco, California, with a branch building in Los Angeles, California.
In 1882, the San Francisco Stock and Bond Exchange was founded; and in 1899 the Los Angeles Oil Exchange was founded. In 1956, these two exchanges merged to create the Pacific Coast Stock Exchange, with trading floors maintained in both cities.
In 1973, it was renamed the Pacific Stock Exchange. The Pacific Exchange was bought by Archipelago Holdings in 2005, which merged with the New York Stock Exchange in 2006. Pacific Exchange equities and options trading now take place exclusively through the NYSE Arca platform.

## History

Two separate exchanges were founded; the San Francisco Stock and Bond Exchange in 1882 and the Los Angeles Oil Exchange in 1899. In 1956, they merged to create the Pacific Coast Stock Exchange, though separate trading floors were maintained in both cities. In 1973, it was renamed the Pacific Stock Exchange and it began trading options three years later in 1976.
In 1999, the exchange became the first U.S. stock exchange to demutualize. The trading floor in Los Angeles was closed in 2001, followed by the floor in San Francisco a year later. 2003 saw the exchange launch PCX Plus, an electronic options trading platform.
By 2005, the Pacific Exchange was bought by the owner of the ArcaEx platform, Archipelago Holdings, which then merged with the New York Stock Exchange in 2006. The New York Stock Exchange conducts no business operations under the name Pacific Exchange, essentially ending its separate identity. Pacific Exchange equities and options trading now takes place exclusively through the NYSE Arca (formerly known as ArcaEx) platform, an Electronic communication network (ECN), as NYSE Arca Equities and NYSE Arca Options, respectively.

## San Francisco Pacific Exchange building history

The San Francisco Pacific Exchange building, which once housed the equities trading floor, is located on Pine Street at the corner of Sansome Street in the Financial District in San Francisco. The building was initially designed in a neoclassical style by architect Milton Dyer in 1915.
It was remodeled in 1930 by the firms Miller and Pflueger, architects James Rupert Miller and Timothy Pflueger; and the interior design was done by architect Michael Goodman. The exterior building sculptures were created in Yosemite granite by artist Ralph Stackpole. Sketches made by Pflueger for the remodel of this building can be found in the permanent collection at San Francisco Museum of Modern Art. After the 1930 remodeling, the building was in an Art Deco Moderne style, with its street facade was clad in Yule marble.
The building was sold to private developers and converted by Equinox Fitness into a fitness center.

## Mills Building

An options trading floor in the city of San Francisco still operates in the adjacent Mills Building on the second floor. It was originally connected to the main building and underwent an expansion in September 1984 and expanded again in the mid-1990s with major changes to the layout.
# National Industrial Court of Nigeria

The National Industrial Court of Nigeria also known as NICN is a court empowered to adjudicate trade disputes, labour practices, matters related to the Factories Act, Trade Disputes Act, Trade Unions Act, Workmen’s Compensations Act and appeals from the Industrial Arbitration Panel and all other employment matters in Nigeria. As a specialized Labor Court, all matters adjudicated by it are exclusive to the court and its decisions were hitherto, subject only to appeal when certain conditions were met. Currently, appeals can be made to the Court of Appeal by leave.
The Trade Dispute Decree No.7 of 1976 set up the National Industrial Court; initially consisting of a president and four other members and a quorum of the president and two members. The initial jurisdiction of the court set forth in the Decree No.7 was dealing with trade union disputes and interpretation of collective bargaining agreements. From 1976 until 2006, the operations of the court was limited and its judgement barely respected. It operated on matters that emerged from arbitration or conciliatory labor disputes while it shared jurisdiction on most matters with the State and Federal High Court. The first president was Paul Atilade. Currently, Hon. Justice Benedict Kanyip is the President of the NICN. There is a total of 33 judges currently in the various divisions of the court.
In 2006, the legislature passed the National Industrial Court Act, 2006 (NICA), strengthening the rules of the court and its ability to enforce judgement. The Act also repealed parts of Decree No.7 and reduced some of the jurisdiction of the High Courts that was shared with NIC. The 1999 Constitution (Third Alteration) Amendment Act 2010 further enhanced the jurisdiction of the court and established it as a superior court of record. The procedures, jurisdiction, practice and power of the courts were properly defined by the 2010 act.
In 2017, the court made new rules which it now uses procedurally.

## Alternate Dispute Resolution

The 2006 Act encouraged arbitration of labour matters and in 2015, the court established the Alternate Dispute Resolution center. The centre's mandate include reduction in cost and delays in judicial delivery through efficient, fast and equitable settlement of disputes.

## Divisions

* Abuja
* Ado Ekiti
* Akure
* Awka
* Asaba
* Bauchi
* Calabar
* Enugu
* Gombe
* Ibadan
* Jos
* Kaduna
* Kano
* Lagos
* Lokoja
* Maiduguri
* Makurdi
* Minna
* Owerri
* Oyo
* Port Harcourt
* Sokoto
* Uyo
* Yenagoa
* Yola
# Ilek

Ilek (Russian: Илек) is the name of several places:
* Ilek (river), a tributary of the Ural in Russia and Kazakhstan
* Ilek, Chelyabinsk Oblast, a selo in Ileksky Selsoviet of Ashinsky District of Chelyabinsk Oblast, Russia
* Ilek, Kursk Oblast, a selo in Ilkovsky Selsoviet of Belovsky District of Kursk Oblast, Russia
* Ilek, Orenburg Oblast, a selo in Ileksky Selsoviet of Ileksky District of Orenburg Oblast, Russia
# Sadovnichesky Bridge

Sadovnichesky Bridge (Russian: Cадовнический мост) is a cоncrete pedestrian arch bridge that spans Vodootvodny Canal in historical Zamoskvorechye district of Moscow, Russia. The bridge connects Balchug island with Zamoskvorechye mainland. It was built in 1963, designed by Nina Bragina (structural engineering), V.A. Korchagin and K.P. Savelyev (architectural design). It is Moscow's nearest adaptation of a Moon bridge.

## History and specifications

The bridge emerged as a conduit for water pipes; pedestrian walkway is a secondary function. Arches are unusually thick for a bridge of this size due to pipe diameter (75 centimeters); bridge engineers called it Mastodon.
According to chief engineer, Nina Bragina, prefabricated concrete was chosen under political pressure (in situ concrete would be faster and cheaper). As a result, curved concrete boxed required extensive work and rework at the concrete panel plant.
The arch is 32.0 meters long, 6.2 meters high and 3.5 meters wide. Each end of the arch is supported by 16 piles, including 4 straight and 12 angled.
# How to Kill a Bull

How to Kill a Bull (Finnish: Häräntappoase) is a 1984 Finnish young adult novel by Anna-Leena Härkönen. It is Härkönen's debut novel, which she wrote at the age of 17. It is largely inspired by the 1951 novel The Catcher in the Rye by J. D. Salinger.
The novel won the J. H. Erkko Award as the best debut literature work of 1984. It went on to become one of the most popular books of the 1980s and one of the highest-selling debut novels in the history of Finnish literature. However, the work also caused a controversy due to its bold, sexual content.

## Plot

The main character of the novel is Alpo "Allu" Korva from Vaasa, who is a 16-year-old boy who has just finished comprehensive school. He is planning a summer vacation with his friend Taala. However, the plan goes wrong, because Allu's mother has arranged for him to work in the hay for the whole of July at her relatives Takkinen family in Torvenkylä, Himanka. Arriving in Torvenkylä, Allu has no idea how memorable the summer is coming.
Allu's companion in the summer is boy named Pasi Rutanen, who has also come to work haying with Takkinen family. Allu gets to know the young people of Torvenkylä, the most central of whom is the girl named Kerttu Hurme. Kerttu is a teenager rebelling against her mother, but also fundamentally a child-loving country girl. Allu falls in love with Kerttu, and that's how the "Romeo and Juliet" kind story of the country village begins.

## Television adaptations

Two television series have been made based on the novel. The first of them appeared in 1989 as a five-part miniseries directed by Jussi Niilekselä. In the series, Allu is played by Santeri Kinnunen and Kerttu is played by Outi Alanen [fi].
In 2021, a more modernized television adaptation based on the novel was released for the Elisa Viihde streaming service. The most significant innovation for the series is changing the gender of the main character; Alpo "Allu" Korva from the original work was changed to Alexandra "Allu" Korva in the series, with which the central story became the love story of two teenage girls. In this series, Allu is played by Carola Hakola [fi] and Kerttu is played by Rebekka Baer.
# Medjugorje International Youth Festival

Medjugorje International Youth Festival, also known as Mladifest (lit. "Youthfest"), is an annual festival of Catholic youth organized in Medjugorje, Bosnia and Herzegovina, between 1 and 6 August, to mark the birthday of Virgin Mary, mother of Jesus on 5 August, as claimed by the alleged seers of the presumed local Marian apparitions. The festival was established in 1989 by two Franciscan priests, Slavko Barbarić and Tomislav Vlašić.

## History

Mladifest was established in 1989 by the two Herzegovinian Franciscans – Slavko Barbarić and Tomislav Vlašić – in order to celebrate Virgin Mary's alleged 2000th birthday, as claimed by the alleged seers of Our Lady of Medjugorje. At the time, Barbarić was sentenced for disobedience to the Church and was illegally active in Medjugorje until 2000. Vlašić personally led the whole festival until 1991.
Every year, thousands of young people arrive in Medjugorje from all around the world. On average, Mladifest is visited by some 50 thousand people every year. Mladifest is the second-largest regular Catholic gathering of youth behind the World Youth Day.
At the 2020 gathering, Pope Francis sent a message to the attendees stating that the Virgin Mary is "the great model of a Church with a young heart, ready to follow Christ with freshness and docility" and that her example should "always fascinate us and guide us". In his address, the Pope never once mentioned the alleged apparitions nor cited any of the alleged messages of the Our Lady of Medjugorje.
Medjugorje Youth Festival inspired initiation of festivals in Croatia (Mladifest Hrvatska, since 2019) and North America (North American Mladifest). In April 2023, American and Canadian Croats gathered in Los Angeles.
# Vrbas Oblast

Vrbas Oblast (Serbo-Croatian: Врбас област, romanized: Vrbas Oblast) was one of the oblasts of the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes from 1922 to 1929. Its capital was Banja Luka. It was named after the Vrbas River.

## History

The Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes was formed in 1918 and was initially divided into counties and districts (this division was inherited from previous state administrations). In 1922, the country was divided into 33 new administrative units known as oblasts (Serbo-Croatian: oblasti / области). Before 1922, the territory of the Vrbas Oblast was primarily part of the Banja Luka District.
In 1929, the 33 oblasts were administratively replaced with 9 banovinas and one district, and the territory of the Vrbas Oblast formed the core of the new Vrbas Banovina.

## Geography

The Vrbas Oblast included eastern Bosanska Krajina and western Semberija. It shared borders with the Tuzla Oblast in the east, the Travnik Oblast in the south, the Bihać Oblast in the west, the Osijek Oblast in the north, and the Primorje-Krajina Oblast in the northwest.

## Demographics

According to the 1921 census, the Vrbas Oblast was linguistically dominated by speakers of Serbo-Croatian.

## Cities and Towns

The main cities and towns located within the oblast were:
* Banja Luka
* Novi Grad
* Kostajnica
* Laktaši
* Prijedor
* Gradiška
* Prnjavor
* Brod
All the mentioned cities and towns are now part of Bosnia and Herzegovina.
# Jennifer Speake

Jennifer Speake, née Drake-Brockman (born 1944, Toronto) is a Canadian-British freelance writer and editor of reference books.

## Life

Jennifer Anne Speake was born in Toronto in 1944. She was the daughter of Lieutenant-Colonel Guy Percy Lumsden Drake-Brockman and Vera Mary McLeod Harrison Topham, later of Hilton, KwaZulu-Natal in South Africa. She has an MA and BPhil.

## Career

Working at Oxford University Press, Speake helped OED editor John Simpson bring out a second edition of his Concise Oxford Dictionary of Proverbs, and a third edition in 1998. She became sole editor for the fourth (2003) and subsequent editions. Speake's other work included a biography of Thomas Vaughan, a philosopher from Wales.
Speake's three-volume 2003 encyclopedia of travel literature received a 2004 Reference and User Services Association award. One reviewer called it "an amazing collection of those people, famous, not-so-famous, and infamous alike, who have traveled the world over, with long lists of additional books for the travel narrative lover". Another reviewer, while noting inconsistency in its coverage, praised it as providing "an unusually rich entrée into an immense field that crosses cultural, historical and discipinary boundaries."

## Selected publications

* Drake-Brockman, Jennifer; Turner, A. J. (1974). "An emblematic watch by Gribelin". Bibliothèque d'Humanisme et Renaissance. 36 (1): 143–150. ISSN 0006-1999. JSTOR 20675174.
* Rudrum, Alan; Drake-Brockman, Jennifer (1984). The works of Thomas Vaughan. Oxford [Oxfordshire]: Clarendon Press. ISBN 0-19-812473-2. OCLC 9281738.
* Speake, Jennifer (1983). Biblical quotations. New York: Facts on File Inc. ISBN 9780871962416. OCLC 9217946.
* Simpson, John; Speake, Jennifer, eds. (1992). The Concise Oxford dictionary of proverbs (2nd ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-866177-0. OCLC 24872450.
* Speake, Jennifer (2003). Literature of travel and exploration : an encyclopedia. New York: Fitzroy Dearborn. ISBN 1-57958-247-8. OCLC 55631133.
* Simpson, J.A..; Speake, Jennifer (2003). The Oxford dictionary of proverbs. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-860524-2. OCLC 52696399.
* Bergin, Thomas Goddard; Speake, Jennifer (2004). Encyclopedia of the Renaissance and the Reformation. New York: Facts On File. ISBN 0-8160-5451-7. OCLC 53880313.

## Personal life

In the 1970s she married Graham Speake, an English classicist and academic publisher.
# Jalila Baccar

Jalila Baccar (Arabic: جليلة بكار, romanized: Jalīlah Bakkār; born 1952) is a Tunisian playwright and actor.

## Early life and education

Baccar was born in Tunis on 23 November 1952. She became interested in drama while at school.

## Career

When she graduated from school she joined a regional theatre company in Gafsa, an oasis and mining community in the south-west of Tunisia. She and the company's co-director Fadhel Jaïbi [fr] tried to modernise the company but met with resistance both from their fellow actors and from the authorities. They moved back to Tunis in 1976 and established their own company, Almasrah al-jadid: The New Theatre, the first independent professional theatre company in Tunisia.
In 1993 Baccar and Jaïbi established a new company, Familia. Their play Junun (Dementia) was staged at Avignon in the 2002 Festival.
In 2003, she won the SACD Prize for Francophonie for Araberlin.
Their play Amnesia "which details all the ills of Tunisia under the now defunct regime, with its nepotism and corruption, economic hardships and police surveillance" was staged in Tunis in 2011, and then at the National Theatre in Bordeaux, France.
In 2014, Baccar and Jaïbi sponsored the 76th class of the École Nationale Supérieure des Arts et Techniques du Théâtre de Lyon.
Marvin Carlson describes Baccar as "generally recognized as one of the leading women playwrights and performers in Tunisia and the Arab world".

## Personal life

Baccar is married to Fadhel Jaïbi [fr].
# University Practice Senior High School

University Practice Senior High School (UPSHS) is a second-cycle institution within the University of Cape Coast vicinity in the Central Region of Ghana.
# Yegor Kondakov

Yegor Nikolayevich Kondakov (Russian: Егор Николаевич Кондаков; born 26 November 1998) is a Russian football player.

## Club career

He made his debut in the Russian Professional Football League for FC Chertanovo Moscow on 6 May 2015 in a game against FC Lokomotiv Liski. He made his Russian Football National League debut for Chertanovo on 25 May 2019 in a game against FC Rotor Volgograd.
# Ghaniabad

Ghaniabad (Persian: غني اباد) may refer to:
* Ghaniabad, Razavi Khorasan
* Ghaniabad, Semnan
* Ghaniabad, Boshruyeh, South Khorasan Province
* Ghaniabad, Tabas, South Khorasan Province
* Ghaniabad, Tehran
* Ghaniabad Rural District, in Tehran Province
# Estonian Semiotics Association

Estonian Semiotics Association (Estonian: Eesti Semiootika Selts) is an Estonian voluntary association, which connects semioticians in Estonia.
The association publishes the publication Acta Semiotica Estica.
The association is the member of International Association for Semiotic Studies (IASS). The association is also the associated member for Estonian Academy of Sciences.
# Mongolian Republican Party

The Mongolian Republican Party (Mongolian: Монголын Бүгд Найрамдах Нам, Mongolyn Bügd Nairamdakh Nam), usually shortened to simply the Republican Party, is a political party in Mongolia founded in the early 1990s with a conservative ideology.
The party was named the Mongolian Bourgeois Party until April 1997.
# Judicial supervision (Soviet Union)

In the law of the Soviet Union, judicial supervision (Russian: судебный надзор) was a system for review of court sentences, orders, and decrees that have entered into legal force. It was regulated by the Article 48 of the Basic Principles of Criminal Legislation of the USSR and the Union Republics. A review under this system could be carried out only upon the request of a procurator, the chairman of a court, or deputy chairman to whom this right was assigned by legislation.
It is distinguished from cassation.
Judicial supervision was carried out by the bodies of Supreme Courts of the Union Republics, and in a limited number of situations by the Supreme Court of the Soviet Union.
William Partlett argues that this practice, historically grounded in the legal practice of the Russian Empire, was "justified as a way of ensuring a centralised vertical of power for Party policy" and enforced legality by reviewing the administrative and judicial decisions. This practice was re-used in legal lystems of other communist states.
A lower-level of supervision to ensure legality was the prosecutorial supervision [ru].
# Trenear

Trenear (Cornish:Trenyer) is a hamlet in the parish of Wendron in Cornwall, England, United Kingdom.
The name of the hamlet comes from the Cornish language words tre 'farm, settlement', an 'the', and yer 'chickens'.
# Trams in Krasnoyarsk

The Krasnoyarsk tramway network (Russian: Красноярский трамвай) is a tram system in the city of Krasnoyarsk in the Krasnoyarsk Krai, Russia.

## Background

It opened on 29 April 1958. As of August 2024, there are four routes in the city which are serviced by a single depot. The length of the tracks in 2008 was 28.5 km.
In April 2022, regional authorities announced plans to attract 23.1 billion rubles in investment in the city's tram system. It is planned to build a new line along the Oktyabrsky Bridge to the Solnechny residential area on the left bank, 30 km long, reconstruct existing tracks, traction substations and depots, and purchase 32 three-section and 44 single-section trams.
# Alexey Dedov

Alexey Yurievich Dedov (Russian: Алексе́й Ю́рьевич Де́дов; born 26 September 1960) is a Soviet-Russian diplomat who served as Ambassador of Russia to Pakistan between 2013 and 2019. He often penned articles in The Express Tribune since 2015.

## Biography

Dedov studied at Moscow State Institute of International Relations, graduating in 1982 and joining the Ministry of Foreign Affairs that year. He had several assignments both within the Foreign Ministry, and abroad with Russian diplomatic missions. From 2004 until 2009 he was the Deputy Head of Mission of the Russian Embassy in Iran. He then served as a Head of Division in the Second Asian Department from 2009 to 2010 and then as Deputy Director of the department from January 2010 until December 2013. From December 14 , 2013 to April 11 , 2019 , he was appointed Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary of Russia to the Islamic Republic of Pakistan and presented his credentials to President Mamnoon Hussain on 27 February 2014. He was relieved as ambassador on 11 April 2019. In 2019-2022 — Deputy Director of the Second Asia Department of the Russian Foreign Ministry. On 8 September 2022, he was appointed Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary of Russia to Iran.

## Diplomatic rank

* Was given the rank of the Envoy Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary, 2nd class on 29 December 2006
* Was advanced to Envoy Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary, 1st class on 21 July 2015