OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Agrarian-Industrial Union of Workers

The Agrarian-Industrial Union of Workers (Kazakh: Еңбекшілердің аграрлық-индустриялық одағы, romanized: Eñbekşılerdin agrarlyq-industrialdyq odağy; Russian: Аграрно-индустриальный союз трудящихся, romanized: Agrarno-industrial'nyy soyuz trudyashchikhsya, AIST) was a political alliance in Kazakhstan, formed by the Agrarian Party of Kazakhstan and the Civic Party of Kazakhstan on 28 July 2004. The bloc was led by Agrarian Party chairman, Romin Madinov, who served as Mäjilis deputy.
At the 2004 legislative election, 19 September and 3 October 2004, the AIST bloc won 7.1% of the popular vote and 11 out of 77 seats.
Following the election, the AIST continued its political activities in the Mäjilis until both member Agrarian and Civic parties in the bloc were absorbed into the ruling Nur Otan party in late 2006.
# Lithium Americas

Lithium Americas Corp. is a Canadian mining corporation. It is currently developing the Thacker Pass Lithium Mine in northern Nevada.

## History

The first incarnation of Lithium Americas Corp. was founded in the summer of 2009, and was a spin-off of Argentinian lithium operations in Caucharí-Olaroz owned by Latin American Minerals Inc and Grupo Minero Los Boros, an Argentinean borax producer.
In September 2015, Lithium Americas merged into another Canadian junior mining company, the Western Lithium USA Corporation. The Western Lithium USA Corporation was founded in 2008 as a spinoff of Western Uranium's lithium project in the King Valley (now known as Thacker Pass). Post-merger, on March 22, 2016, Western Lithium announced it would rename itself to the Lithium Americas Corp.
The current incarnation of Lithium Americas Corp. was created on October 3, 2023 after the close of trading from the separation between the previous Lithium Americas and its South American operations, now also a separate entity, Lithium Americas (Argentina) Corp.
The primary project of Lithium Americas is the development of a lithium mining operation near Thacker Pass in northern Nevada. On January 15, 2021, the American Bureau of Land Management issued a Record of Decision approving the Thacker Pass Lithium Mine. On January 31, 2023, General Motors announced a $650 million investment into Lithium Americas, with GM gaining full access to the first phase of lithium production. Initial construction on the project began in March 2023, with production of the mine beginning in 2026, and full production expected in 2027. On March 14, 2024, the Biden administration announced a $2.26 billion loan for the construction of the Thacker Pass mine.
In October 2024 Lithium Americas announced a substantial investment increase from General Motors, bringing GM’s total commitment to the Canadian mining company to $945 million—up from $650 million. The agreement forms a joint venture between GM and Lithium Americas to develop the Thacker Pass mine in Nevada, the largest known lithium deposit in the U.S. This investment is expected to support increased lithium production.
# Hendecourt-lès-Cagnicourt

Hendecourt-lès-Cagnicourt (French pronunciation:, literally Hendecourt near Cagnicourt; Picard: Inn’court-lès-Cagnicourt) is a commune in the Pas-de-Calais department in the Hauts-de-France region of France.

## Geography

Hendecourt-lès-Cagnicourt is situated 11 miles (18 km) southeast of Arras, at the junction of the D38 and the D956 roads.

## Places of interest

* The church of St. Leger, rebuilt along with the rest of the village, after World War I.
* The Commonwealth War Graves Commission cemeteries.
# Mahurak

Mahurak (Persian: ماهورك, also Romanized as Māhūrak; also known as Māhūzak and Mūrak) is a village in Karchambu-e Jonubi Rural District, in the Central District of Buin va Miandasht County, Isfahan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 133, in 30 families.
# Shahrak-e Mamku

Shahrak-e Mamku (Persian: شهرك ممكو, also Romanized as Shahrak-e Mamkū) is a village in Jarahi Rural District, in the Central District of Mahshahr County, Khuzestan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 9,467, in 2,552 families.
# Sibling Rivalry (The Doobie Brothers album)

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
| The Encyclopedia of Popular Music | |
| The New Rolling Stone Album Guide | |
Sibling Rivalry is the twelfth studio album by American rock band The Doobie Brothers. The album was released on October 3, 2000, by Pyramid Records and Rhino Entertainment.
The album was the band's first studio recording since Brotherhood, in 1991. It was also the only Doobie Brothers studio album to feature a lead vocal by multi-instrumentalist John McFee and full lead vocals by drummer Keith Knudsen, both of whom had rejoined the group in 1993 after an eleven-year absence.
The group photograph in the inner booklet featured touring sidesmen Guy Allison (keyboards, backing vocals), Marc Russo (saxophone) and Skylark (bass, backing vocals). Allison and Russo also featured on the album, the former co-writing three tracks while occasional touring bassist John Cowan also featured and contributed the song Can't Stand to Lose written with Poco's Rusty Young.

## Critical reception

The New Rolling Stone Album Guide wrote that the band were "struggling vainly to put their formula to work again ... [Michael] McDonald wisely stayed far away." The Vancouver Sun deemed the album "vintage soft rock, but not an entirely painful experience."

## Personnel

The Doobie Brothers
* Tom Johnston – guitars, vocals
* Patrick Simmons – guitars, banjo, vocals
* John McFee – guitars, dobro, pedal steel guitar, harmonica, violin, mandolin, vocals
* Keith Knudsen – drums, percussion, vocals
* Michael Hossack – drums, percussion
Additional personnel
* Guy Allison – keyboards, background vocals
* Mario Cippolina – bass on 1 & 9
* John Cowan – bass on 2
* George Hawkins Jr – bass on 5, 10 & 12
* Bob Bangerter – acoustic rhythm guitar on 3 & 11
* Marc Russo – horn, saxophone
* Chris Thompson – backing vocals on 5, 10 & 12
* Maxayn Lewis – background vocals on 4 & 9
* Yvonne Williams – background vocals on 4 & 9
* Bill Champlin – background vocals on 5 & 9
* Cris Sommer-Simmons – background vocals on 11
* Lil' Patrick Harley Simmons – background vocals on 11

## Production

* Producers: Guy Allison, Terry Nelson, The Doobie Brothers
* Production coordination: Terry Nelson
* Engineers: Guy Allison, John McFee, Lynn Peterson, Dave Russell, Terry Nelson
* Assistant engineer: Steve Genewick
* Mixing: Steve Genewick, Joe Peccerillo, Elliot Scheiner
* Mastering: Ted Jensen
* Recorder: Terry Nelson
* House sound: Terry Nelson
* Arranger: Guy Allison
* Creative consultant: Josh Leo
* Cover art: Stanley Mouse
* Art Director: Michael A. Beck
# Year 1900 problem

The year 1900 problem concerns the misinterpretation of years recorded by only their last two digits, and whether they occurred before or after the year 1900. Unlike the year 2000 problem, it is not tied to computer software alone, since the problem existed before electronic computers did and has also cropped up in manual systems.
The most common issue raised by the year 1900 problem regards people's ages. Often, a person's birth year was registered with only two digits, on the assumption that either it was not important exactly how old a person is, or that no one lives longer than one hundred years. In several countries, especially in Europe, a national identification number was introduced (often in the 1950s), including two-digit information about the birth year.
The largest unwelcome side effect from this is people 100 or more years old being mistaken for young children or in some cases, young children being mistaken for adults.
When handling the year 2000 problem, measures were sometimes taken to avoid or rectify this: modifying the national identification number, for instance. For example, year is recorded only with two digits in Bulgarian Uniform civil number; however, a solution was ready as early as the inception of the system in 1975: 20 was added to the month number for an individual born before 1900 and 40 for those born in or after 2000.

## Microsoft Excel

Microsoft Excel (using the default 1900 Date System) cannot display dates before the year 1900, although this is not due to a two-digit integer being used to represent the year: Excel uses a floating-point number to store dates and times. The number 1.0 represents the first second of January 1, 1900, in the 1900 Date System (or January 2, 1904, in the 1904 Date System – the default for Macintosh prior to Excel 2016). Numbers smaller than this display as a #VALUE! error.
For compatibility with Lotus 1-2-3, the 1900 Date System incorrectly accepts the date February 29, 1900, even though 1900 was not a leap year. This also has the side effect that the WEEKDAY function reports incorrect values for the period Jan 01 1900 to Feb 28 1900.
# Kishnadeo Singh Yadav

Kishnadeo Singh Yadav also known as K D Yadav is an Indian politician who was elected as a member of Bihar Legislative Assembly from Hilsa constituency in 1990 as a member of Indian People's Front.
# Union of People for Education and Science

The Union of People for Education and Science (SLON; Russian: Союз людей за образование и науку, партия СЛОН, romanized: Soyuz lyudey za obrazovaniye i nauku, Partiya SLON, lit. 'Elephant Party') was a social-liberal political party that existed in Russia from 2002 to 2007.
The party was formed by a group of politicians who left Yabloko, led by Vyacheslav Vladimirovich Igrunov. Their political priorities included social protection, general liberal values, and support for science and education. The party received 0.17% of the vote in the 2003 Russian legislative election. On October 30, 2004, the party joined a coalition with the Patriotic Party of Russia. On March 21, 2005, the party signed an agreement with the Russian Party of Life. On August 8, 2006, the Federal Service for State Registration, Cadastre and Cartography ruled that the party lacks the legally required number of members, and it was dissolved in February 2007.

## History

On 20 February 2003, the party held a protest against an upcoming education reform and the government's proposed reduction in spending on science. SLON called on the Russian authorities to abandon their policy of austerity towards education and science.
In 2003, Vladimir Shakhtin, a member of the Central Council of the party and a prominent opposition figure in the Komi Republic, was elected head of the Inta Urban Okrug [ru]. In the elections to the regional Duma of the Sverdlovsk Oblast, the SLON bloc received first place. In 2006, a criminal case was opened against Shakhtin for failure to comply with the decision of the Arbitration Court of the Republic to accept residential buildings on the city's balance sheet, as a result of which he was removed from the post of head of the city. In 2007, the case against Shakhtin was dropped due to his repentance. Vladimir Shakhtin himself linked his resignation to his party affiliation and refusal to cooperate with United Russia:
   I am a representative of SLON, the Union of People for Education and Science. This party is slowly dying, because it is a party that does not take money from business; that is, we are not for sale. That is why elephants do not survive in Russia, and mammoths have long since become extinct.
# Krishna Das (politician)

Krishna Das is a Bharatiya Janata Party politician from Assam. He is the former chairman of the Karimganj Municipal Board, and has been fielded as the candidate from the Karimganj constituency (reserved for Scheduled Castes) by his party in the 2014 Indian general election.
He is currently a member of the State Executive Board of BJP in Assam. Additionally, he is the chairperson of the SC Board of Karimganj district.
# Chamaz Tappeh

Chamaz Tappeh (Persian: چمازتپه, also Romanized as Chamāz Tappeh) is a village in Gahrbaran-e Shomali Rural District, Gahrbaran District, Miandorud County, Mazandaran Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 561, in 160 families.
# Frossay

Frossay (French pronunciation: ; Gallo: Froczaè, Breton: Frozieg) is a commune in the Loire-Atlantique department in western France.

## Population

| Year | Pop. | ±% p.a. |
| 1793 | 2,662 | — |
| 1821 | 2,381 | −0.40% |
| 1846 | 2,708 | +0.52% |
| 1872 | 2,804 | +0.13% |
| 1901 | 2,911 | +0.13% |
| 1926 | 2,232 | −1.06% |
| 1946 | 2,017 | −0.51% |
| 1962 | 2,171 | +0.46% |
| Year | Pop. | ±% p.a. |
| 1968 | 2,018 | −1.21% |
| 1975 | 1,913 | −0.76% |
| 1982 | 1,911 | −0.01% |
| 1990 | 2,099 | +1.18% |
| 1999 | 2,106 | +0.04% |
| 2007 | 2,684 | +3.08% |
| 2012 | 3,078 | +2.78% |
| 2017 | 3,221 | +0.91% |
Source: EHESS and INSEE (1968-2017) :
# Alexander Bantyshev

Bantyshev, Alexander Olimpievich (Russian: Бáнтышев, Алекса́ндр Оли́мпиевич) (1804, Uglich - 1860) was a famous Russian tenor opera singer.
He was an ordinary member of a choir when, with the assistance of the composer Alexey Verstovsky, he was accepted by the Bolshoi Theatre in Moscow as a soloist. He sang there with great success for 25 years. He had bright, beautiful tenor voice for which he was nicknamed the "Moscow Nightingale". His best role was the role of Torop (or Toropka) in Askold's Grave. He was also a composer of several romances.
# Oleg Petrov (footballer)

Oleg Petrov (Russian: Олег Львович Петров; born 29 May 1968) is a retired Russian professional footballer.
# Saccharopinuria

Saccharopinuria (an excess of saccharopine in the urine), also called saccharopinemia, saccharopine dehydrogenase deficiency or alpha-aminoadipic semialdehyde synthase deficiency, is a variant form of hyperlysinemia. It is caused by a partial deficiency of the enzyme saccharopine dehydrogenase, which plays a secondary role in the lysine metabolic pathway. Inheritance is thought to be autosomal recessive, but this cannot be established as individuals affected by saccharopinuria typically have only a 40% reduction in functional enzyme.
# Viktor Tolstykh

Viktor Sergeyevich Tolstykh (Russian: Виктор Серге́евич Толстых; born 17 May 1985) is a Russian former professional football player.

## Club career

He played 6 seasons in the Russian Football National League for FC Dynamo Bryansk.
# Raudalu

Raudalu is a subdistrict (Estonian: asum) in the district of Nõmme, Tallinn, the capital of Estonia. It covers an area of 2.45 km$^2$ (0.95 sq mi) and has a population of 794 (as of 1 January 2014), for a population density of 291.8/km$^2$ (755.9/sq mi).
# Shamil Saidov

Shamil Magomedbashirovich Saidov (Russian: Шамиль Магомедбаширович Саидов; born 21 March 1982) is a former Russian professional football player.

## Club career

He made his Russian Football National League debut for FC Anzhi Makhachkala on 26 May 2004 in a game against FC Dynamo Bryansk. He played one more season in the FNL for Anzhi.
# Maksim Artemchuk

Maksim Aleksandrovich Artemchuk (Russian: Максим Александрович Артемчук; born 9 August 1999) is a Russian former football player.

## Club career

He made his debut in the Russian Professional Football League for FC Dynamo-2 Saint Petersburg on 19 July 2017 in a game against FC Torpedo Vladimir. During the winter-break of 2017–18 he was loaned to Serbian club FK Proleter Novi Sad playing in the Serbian First League, Serbian second tier.
On 28 June 2022, Artemchuk was loaned to Dynamo Brest in Belarus until the end of 2022.

## Honours
### Proleter Novi Sad

* Serbian First League: 2017–18
# Bijoy Sarkar

Bijoy Sarkar (born Bijay Krishna Adhikari; 20 February 1903 – 4 December 1985) was a Bengali poet, baul singer, lyricist and composer.

## Biography

Sarkar was born in Dumdi village, Jessore District, British India (now Narail District, Bangladesh).
He studied at Tabra Primary School, taught there briefly, later worked as a rent collector, and participated in stage performance and folk songs. In 1925, he joined Manohar Sarkar from Gopalganj and Rajendranath Sarkar.

## Recordings

* Bengali folk songs, Bijoy Sarkarer gaan (2004)

## Awards

Sarkar was awarded the Ekushey Padak, Bangladesh's highest civilian award for contribution in the field of arts, posthumously in 2013.
# Shirish Atre-Pai

Shirish Pai (15 November 1929 – 2 September 2017) was a social worker and a writer from Maharashtra, India. She had written in Marathi and English, primarily the former.

## Early life

Shirish was the elder daughter of Acharya Atre. She had a college degree in Law from Government College of Law, Mumbai.

## Career

She joined her father's newspaper, Maratha, as a journalist. She was deeply influenced by the Soviet thinking and way of life, and toured the Soviet Union and other Eastern Bloc countries. Alongside her father, Shirish played a role in the Samyukta Maharashtra movement.

## Writing

She wrote several books, including collections of her poems. She introduced the haiku form of poetry to Marathi literature in 1975. She has also translated Japanese haiku into Marathi and English.
In a newspaper interview in June 2011 she revealed that she had started writing and composing poems from the time she was in secondary school and received great encouragement from her father in this regard.

## Family

Shirish was married to lawyer and journalist Vyankatesh Pai. They have two sons, Rajendra Pai and Vikramaditya Pai who are both lawyers. She resided, and died, in Mumbai.
# Hermes (DC Comics)

Hermes is a character in DC Comics. He is based on the Greek god of the same name.

## Publication history

Hermes first appeared in Wonder Woman #1 and was adapted by William Moulton Marston and Harry G. Peter.

## Fictional character biography

Hermes is the Messenger of the Gods. He assisted in turning a baby sculpture that Queen Hippolyta made into a real baby, resulting in the origin of Princess Diana.
In post-Crisis continuity, Hermes is present at a meeting with fellow gods to discuss their dwindling worship. After Zeus deems the issue beneath him and leaves, Hermes accompanies Aphrodite, Ares, Athena, Demeter, and Hestia to the Underworld and the Cavern of Souls, where Gaia houses the souls of women who have been unjustly killed by men. They harvest the souls to reincarnate them into Amazons and give them a home on Themyscira, with one becoming Diana.
During the War of the Gods storyline, Hermes was destroyed by Circe. Hermes' body was later retrieved from the Underworld.
In The New 52 continuity reboot, Hermes is first seen with Wonder Woman, instructing her to protect Zola because Hera wants her dead. Hermes and Zola were later seen walking through the woods when they are approached by Aphrodite. When Hermes states to Zola that Aphrodite is married to Hephaestus, Aphrodite states that Hephaestus has other "charms". She tells them that she will not be attending the wedding as there is little love in Hell.

## Powers and abilities

As a deity, Hermes possesses vast supernatural abilities, including size-changing, shapeshifting, and immortality. He also possesses super-speed thanks to his winged sandals.

## In other media

* Hermes appears in the Justice League Unlimited episode "The Balance", voiced by Jason Bateman.
* Hermes appears in DC Universe Online.
* Hermes appears as a character summon in Scribblenauts Unmasked: A DC Comics Adventure.
* Hermes appears in the comic book adaption of DC Super Hero Girls.
# Sartang (river)

The Sartang (Russian: Сартанг; Yakut: Сартаҥ, Sartaŋ) is a river in the Republic of Sakha in Russia. It is the eastern, right source river of the Yana, and is 620 kilometres (390 mi) long, with a drainage basin of 17,800 square kilometres (6,900 sq mi).

## Course

The river begins in the Verkhoyansk Range at an elevation of 2,295 metres (7,530 ft). From this area, the Sartang heads north along the Barylas, and continues north along the Yana Plateau between the Verkhoyansk Range to the west and the Chersky Range to the east. Around 10 kilometres (6 mi) southwest of Verkhoyansk, the Sartang joins the river Dulgalakh to form the river Yana.
The area around the Sartang consists of taiga.
# Mil Mi-X1

Mil Mi-X1 is a high-speed helicopter being proposed by Mil of Russia. The aircraft belongs to the same program as its competitor Kamov Ka-92 intended to create a new generation of middle-class helicopters cruising at about 500 km/h (312 mph). Its preliminary design and early specifications were unveiled at HeliRussia 2009 exhibition near Moscow. The design is competing for a US$1.3 billion project by the Russian government and Kamov is the other competitor.

## Design

The Mi-X1 is designed to have a take-off weight of just 10 tons, seat 25 passengers and fly to 1,500 km. It has one main rotor and a rear mount lift rotor. The helicopter's single main rotor means that in order to travel at high speeds it will have to overcome the retreating blade stall (RBS). This phenomenon occurs at airspeeds of some 300 km/h, and leads to vibrations that may ultimately destroy the rotor. Mil’s solution to fighting the onset of the RBS is to offload the rotor with the help of the proprietary Stall Local Elimination System (SLES). According to Mil Chief Designer Nikolay Pavlenko, the designers have already agreed to test SLES at Russia’s TsAGI Central Aerohydrodynamics Institute.
Earlier the manufacturer asserted that using SLES alone would give the Mi-X1 a speed of 450–500 km/h. According to the updated information made public at HeliRussia 2009, the helicopter will have a cruise speed of 475 km/h and a dash speed of 495 to 520 km/h. This will be possible through the use of a pusher propeller and a number of aerodynamic improvements, including a retractable landing gear and streamlined forward and rear fuselage sections.
The Mi-X1 may be powered by two uprated Klimov VK-2500 turboshafts or two future Klimov VK-3000 currently under development. Similar engines are installed on Mil Mi-28 and Kamov Ka-50 attack helicopters.
Development of the Mi-X1 and Ka-92 was switched from Ministry for Industry and Trade to Ministry of Defence in 2015 due to reduced government funding and high operating cost. A Russian Air Force general expects a prototype to fly in 2018, with production in 2022. Russia started a single seat "flying laboratory" based on the Mil Mi-24 in 2015, intended to go 400 kilometers per hour (248 miles per hour).
# North Caucasian pig

The North Caucasian (Russian: Ceвepoкaвкaзcкaя, Severokavkazskaya) is a general purpose pig breed from Russia and Uzbekistan.