OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Abez camp

The Abez camp (Russian: Абезьский лагерь), Abezlag (Абезьлаг); full name: Abez camp detachment (Russian: Абезьское лагерное отделение) was a subdivision in the Gulag labor camp system (Abez camp for disabled, Russian: Абезьского инвалидного лагеря). It was established in the settlement of Abez, Komi Republic, Russia. It was a special camp for disabled inmates coming from various camps of Gulag.
Initially it was established as the Abez transit camp and had several camp points. Eventually it was subordinated to Minlag.
The memorial cemetery and museum of Abez camp was established in Abez by the initiative of the Memorial society in 1989.

## People
### Notable inmates

* Nikolay Punin, art scholar and writer, common-law husband of poet Anna Akhmatova
* Lina Prokofiev
* Lev Karsavin, religious philosopher, historian-medievalist, and poet
* Eugenia Taratuta [ru]
* Jonas Juodišius [lt], Lithuanian Brigadier General, later Soviet Major General, died in the camp on December 18, 1950 His sons, Paulius and Jonas, installed a monument "To those Who Did Not Return" at the Abez memorial cemetery
* Zvi Preigerzon, Ukrainian Jewish author and researcher; released in December 1955 but voluntarily stayed in Vorkuta until 1957 to finish his research
* Hryhoriy Lakota, Ukrainian Greek-Catholic Church auxiliary bishop
* Ivan Feshchenko-Chopivs'kyy [uk], Ukrainian scientist metallurgist, public and political figure, minister of the Central Rada and Directory
* Vassily Sinaisky, Russian conductor and pianist. He was born in the camp, where his parents were imprisoned.
* Dionizy Kajetanowicz [pl], Polish capitular vicar, protonotary apostolic, the last administrator of the Archdiocese of Lviv of the Armenian rite
* Der Nister, Yiddish author, philosopher, translator, and critic
* Iekhezkiel Dobrushin [uk] (1883-1953), Jewish (Yiddish) playwright, theater scholar and teacher
* Vladislav Dashkevich-Gorbatsky [ru] (1879-1952), "White Russian" general
* Ivan Paslavsky [uk] (1895-1947), journalist, Ukrainian public figure in "Green Ukraine", Russian Far East
* uk:Багмут Іван Адріанович
* uk:Федущак Інна Вікторівна
* uk:Павло Олінський
* uk:Осадца Михайло Іванович
* uk:Горинь Ольга Павлівна
* uk:Куйбіда Катерина Михайлівна
* uk:Куйбіда Степан Олексійович
* uk:Содомора Микола Григорович
* ru:Коноплин, Иван Степанович
* ru:Симуков, Андрей Дмитриевич
* ru:Сорокин, Григорий Эммануилович
* ru:Сваринскас, Альфонсас
* ru:Яворка, Венделин Михайлович
* ru:Добрушин, Иехезкель Моисеевич
* ru:Трофимов, Евгений Никитович
* ru:Галкин, Самуил Залманович
* ru:Гробер, Хая-Елена Самуиловна
* ru:Василенко, Виктор Михайлович
* ru:Котляр, Соломон Осипович
* ru:Колеров, Вячеслав Аркадьевич
* ru:Баркова, Анна Александровна
* ru:Гениюш, Лариса Антоновна
* ru:Дашкевич-Горбацкий, Владислав Владиславович
* ru:Леони, Пьетро (Pietro Leoni)
* ru:Иоанн (Стрельцов)
* ru:Дробинский, Яков Израйлевич
* Sophia Radek, daughter of Karl Radek

### Other

* Russian writer Arkady Gaidar worked for 11 months as an economist in the camp, being unable to secure other work elsewhere.
# Dortmunder Export

Dortmunder Export or Dortmunder is a pale lager originally brewed by Dortmunder Union in Dortmund, Germany, in 1873. It is a soft-textured beer influenced by the Pilsner lager brewed in Plzeň.

## History

After World War II, Export was the most popular type of beer in Germany until 1970, when it was supplanted by Pils. Its fortunes have revived a little since its low point of the late 1990s. In 2008, just under 10% of the beer sold in German shops was Export.

## Dortmund style beers

Fred Eckhardt in A Treatise on Lager Beers, published in 1969, set out the view that Dortmunder is a distinctive enough pale lager to be classed as a separate beer style.
Michael Jackson and Roger Protz continued the trend, although with a certain faint heart, uneasy at pinning down exactly the distinctive nature of the beer.
Brewers outside of Germany who brew beers they term Dortmunder will tend to brew a pale lager with a soft, rounded character.
# Alexey Yaroshevsky

Alexey Yaroshevsky (Russian: Алексей Ярошевский; born 13 June 1984) is a Russian reporter, television host and commentator. Worked on RT network since 2005 until 2022, now he is the English voice commentator of the Russian Premier League, and also a former host at the Okko Sport Channel in Russia.

## Career

Alexei's father had over 45 years of experience as a journalist, as did his uncle and grandfather (who worked in the Soviet television for almost 50 years). In his childhood Alexey wanted to be a lawyer, but eventually, when he had to choose a university, he decided to enter the Moscow State Linguistic University. He thought that learning languages was always useful and with knowledge of languages he could specialize in various fields. In the second year of studying he was sent for an internship and his parents offered him an internship on the REN TV television network, where they worked at the time, in the international department. Alexey worked for REN TV as a web editor and then news reporter from 2002 to 2005.
Yaroshevsky joined RT in 2005.
In 2007 he made a documentary about North Korea. In 2009–2012, Yaroshevsky served as the head of RT's bureau in Eastern Europe, based in Kyiv, Ukraine. He was nearly killed during a report of the Maiden Revolution. He was then sent to be RT's new reporter in New York City before moving to Washington, D.C. In 2015 and focused on reporting investigations for RT America in the areas of environmental hazards and key geopolitical stories.
Having returned to Moscow in 2017, Alexey started working solely on sports coverage - including the 2018 FIFA World Cup in Russia and Euro-2020. In 2020, Alexey became the first English-speaking commentator of the Russian Premier League. Same year, he launched "Спик Изи" project aimed at helping Russian-speaking people to master different accents and dialects of English. Alexey can freely speak English (in 30+ dialects), Russian, Chinese and Ukrainian.
# People's Gratitude medal

The medal "People's Gratitude" (Kazakh: Halyk alǵysy medalі) is a state award of the Republic of Kazakhstan, established in accordance with the Decree of the President of the Republic of Kazakhstan Kassym-Jomart Tokayev dated June 8, 2020.

## Regulation on the Medal

The People’s Gratitude (the Halyk Algysy Medal) is awarded to the civilians of the Republic of Kazakhstan for their fruitful work in the fields of education, health care, social protection and for their significant contribution to COVID-19 pandemic response.
The Medal is awarded by the President of the Republic of Kazakhstan, as well as on behalf of and by order of the President of the Republic of Kazakhstan by: the State Secretary of the Republic of Kazakhstan, Akims of provinces and Akims of the cities of Nur-Sultan, Almaty and Shymkent and other officials.
The medal is awarded publicly in a solemn atmosphere. Before the awards ceremony, a decree of the President of the Republic of Kazakhstan on awarding is announced, and every medal is accompanied with a certificate issued during the awards ceremony.

## Description

The People’s Gratitude Medal consists of a coin-like medallion and a suspension brooch. The round shape medallion is 32 mm in diameter and is made of goldish brass.
There is the "Birgemiz" logo on the obverse of the medal in the foreground. The upper part of the medal is decorated with a Kazakh ornamental pattern. There is an inscription Kazakh: "ХАЛЫҚ АЛҒЫСЫ" (People’s Gratitude) at the bottom. The reverse of the medal is decorated with a Kazakh ornamental pattern around the circumference. There is an inscription Kazakh: "ҚАЗАҚСТАН РЕСПУБЛИКАСЫ 2020" (the Republic of Kazakhstan 2020) in the centre. The medallion is connected to a rectangular 32 mm wide suspension brooch made of goldish brass with an eye and a suspension ring. The central part is decorated with a Kazakh ornamental pattern. The background of the suspension brooch is covered with blue enamel. All the images and inscriptions on the medal are convex. The medallion edge is rimmed. The reverse of the suspension brooch includes a pin with lock.

## Medal Recipients

A total of 60 doctors and 39 policemen, 30 servicemen, 41 volunteers and 34 philanthropists were awarded the medal nationwide. In addition, the medal was awarded to 38 artists and educators, as well as 25 media representatives.
# Douglas Geers

Douglas Geers is an American composer, and the founder of the Spark Festival.

## Career

Geers is an associate professor of music composition and director of the Brooklyn College Center for Computer Music (BC-CCM) at the City University of New York, Brooklyn College (USA). He had been a professor of music at the University of Minnesota (Minneapolis, USA), where he founded the Spark Festival of Electronic Music and Arts and was its Director from 2003-2009. Geers also is a member of the Electric Music Collective and the electroacoustic band, Sønreel.

## Education

Geers received a B.A. in English and Music from Xavier University, a M.A. in Music from the University of Cincinnati College-Conservatory of Music and a D.M.A. from Columbia University in 2002. From 2000 to 2001, he completed a one-year research/composition residency at the Norwegian Center for Music in Technology and the Arts in Oslo, Norway. His teachers include Fred Lerdahl, Tristan Murail, Brad Garton, Jonathan Kramer, George Edwards, Allen Sapp (composer), Frederick Bianchi, and Darrell Handel.

## Selected works

* Inanna (2009) multimedia theater
* Calling (2008) opera
* Sweep (2008) for PLOrk with violin and percussion
* Laugh Perfumes (2006) violin concerto
* Tremor Transducer (2004) for five instruments and computer
* Memory Dust (2003) for big band and computer
* Gilgamesh (2002) multimedia concerto/theater
* Enkidu (2001) for violin and computer
* Reality House (1998) for chamber septet
* Ripples (1997) electroacoustic music

## Recordings

* Love Paint
* Music for Fish
* 60x60 2006
* SEAMUS 20th Anniversary Electroclips
* 60x60 2005
* Defiant (Electric Music Collective)
* Incandescence (Electric Music Collective)
* 60x60
* Sonic Circuits IX
* Music from SEAMUS, volume ten
# Bolango language

Bolango is a Philippine language spoken in North-eastern Sulawesi Indonesia. In 1981 it was spoken by some 20,000 people, 5,000 in Bolango and 15,000 in Atinggola.
# Jan Gan

Jan Gan or Jangan (Persian: جنگان) may refer to:
* Jangan, Ardabil
* Jan Gan, Hormozgan
# Korea Muslim Federation

Korea Muslim Federation (KMF; Korean: 한국이슬람교) is a Muslim organization established in 1967 in South Korea. The KMF oversees the Korean Muslim Students Association and the Korea Institute for Islamic Culture. The federation also supports a madrasa for Qur'anic education.

## History

The organization was formed in 1966 and became registered as a judicial person in 1967 through the Korean Ministry of Culture and Information.

## Activities and functions

The focus of the organization is to manage the religious and community affairs of Korean Muslims, and to engage in charity and missionary work. The organization works on setting up missionary centers in major cities, developing existing mosques, and training imams. Information on Islam, local affairs and other relevant materials for Korean Muslims or the public are also made available.
# Jin Dinghan

Jin Dinghan (simplified Chinese: 金鼎汉; traditional Chinese: 金鼎漢; pinyin: Jīn Dǐnghàn; 13 September 1930 – 28 November 2020) was a Chinese translator and professor.
He was one of the foremost translators of Hindi literature. For his contributions to the introduction of Hindi literature to foreign readers, he was honored with the World Hindi Language Honorary Award in 1993 and the Dr. George Grierson Award in 2000.

## Biography

Jin was born in a highly educated family in Changsha, Hunan in 1930, with his ancestral home in Zhuji, Zhejiang. His father, Jin Yuereng (金岳礽), who was a senior engineer; his uncle, Jin Yuelin, who was a Chinese philosopher; his brother, Jin Dingxin (金鼎新), was a member of the China Zhi Gong Party Central Committee.
Jin graduated from Peking University in 1955, where he majored in Hindi language, Jin taught there when graduated. At the same time, he served as a researcher in Chinese Academy of Social Sciences.

## Translation

* Ramacharitamanas (Goswami Tulasidas) (罗摩功行录)
* The Fact of False (Yashpal) (虚假的事实)
* Nirmala (Munshi Premchand) (妮摩拉)
* Selected Works of Mao Zedong (毛泽东选集)
* Poetry of Mao Zedong (毛泽东诗集)

## Awards

* 1993 World Hindi Language Honorary Award
* 2000 Dr. George Grierson Award
# Sefid Kamar

Sefid Kamar or Safid Kamar (Persian: سفيدكمر) may refer to:
* Sefid Kamar, East Azerbaijan
* Sefid Kamar, Kurdistan
* Sefid Kamar, Zanjan
# Emarat, Ilam

Emarat (Persian: عمارت, also Romanized as ‘Emārat) is a village in Rudbar Rural District, Central District, Sirvan County, Ilam Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 214, in 46 families. The village is populated by Kurds.
# Zapolyarny (inhabited locality)

Zapolyarny (Russian: Заполярный; masculine), Zapolyarnaya (Заполярная; feminine), or Zapolyarnoye (Заполярное; neuter) is the name of several urban localities in Russia:
* Zapolyarny, Murmansk Oblast, a town in Pechengsky District of Murmansk Oblast
* Zapolyarny, Komi Republic, an urban-type settlement under the administrative jurisdiction of Komsomolsky Urban-Type Settlement Administrative Territory under the administrative jurisdiction of the town of republic significance of Vorkuta in the Komi Republic
* Zapolyarny, Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug, an urban-type settlement in Nadymsky District of Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug
# Lichte Porzellan

The Lichte porcelain (GmbH) (German: Lichte Porzellan (GmbH)) was founded 1822 in Lichte, Thuringian Highlands.

## History

On the northern hillside of the Thuringian Highland, close to the Rennsteig, where the early settlements of the Thuringian porcelain manufacturing took its rise, Johann Heinrich Leder established in 1822 a new porcelain manufacturer, today’s Lichte porcelain (GmbH).

## Early work

Although the newly established porcelain manufacturer was from the very beginning in close competition to the already 1764 founded local Wallendorf porcelain manufacture,

## Structure of the manufacture

Structure, owners, proprietors, and managing directors since 1822 :
| Time | Description | Affiliation to | Remarks |
| 1822–1824 | Lichte porcelain | | Ownership by Johann Heinrich Leder |
| 1824–1830 | Lichte porcelain | | Ownership by Wilhel & Heinrich Liebmann |
| 1830–1840 | Lichte porcelain | | Exclusive possession by W. Liebmann |
| 1840–1846 | Lichte porcelain | Heubach brothers company | Ownership by Christoph & Phillipp Heubach |
| 1846–1848 | Lichte porcelain | Heubach brothers company | Ownership by Anton Heubach (son of C. Heubach) |
| 1848–1876 | Lichte porcelain | Heubach brothers company | Ownership by A. & Louis Heubach (son of P. Heubach) |
| 1876–1887 | Lichte porcelain | Heubach brothers company | 1876 retirement of A. Heubach; exclusive possession by L. Heubach participation of its sons Hermann, Philipp & Ottokar (1886 death of Hermann) |
| 1887–1904 | Lichte porcelain | Heubach brothers company | Ownership by P. & O. Heubach (1889 participation of Richard H.) |
| 1904–1919 | Lichte porcelain | Gebrueder Heubach AG | 1904 foundation of the Heubach brothers AG managing directors: the previous holders (1908 participation of Eduard H., son of Hermann) |
| 1919–? | Lichte porcelain | Gebrueder Heubach AG | Managing director: Eduard Heubach (son of H. Heubach) |
| - | Lichte porcelain | | |
| 1990–present | Lichte porcelain (GmbH) | Company with limited liability | Managing director: Mr. Peter |
# Central Tagbanwa language

Central Tagbanwa is spoken on Palawan Island in the Philippines. It is not mutually intelligible with the other languages of the Tagbanwa people.

## Phonology
### Consonants

Central Tagbanwa consonants :
| | | Labial | Alveolar | Palatal | Velar | Glottal |
| Plosive | voiceless | p | t | | k | ʔ |
| Plosive | voiced | b | d | | ɡ | |
| Fricative | Fricative | β | s | | | h |
| Nasal | Nasal | m | n | | ŋ | |
| Lateral | Lateral | | l | | | |
| Rhotic | Rhotic | | ɾ | | | |
| Approximant | Approximant | w | | j | | |
* /t/ preceding a high front vowel /i/ is usually realized as an affricate sound [tʃ].
* /k, ŋ/ tend to shift to uvular sounds [q, ɴ] when adjacent to /a/.

### Vowels

Central Tagbanwa vowels :
| | Front | Central | Back |
| Close | i | ɨ | u |
| Open | | a | |
* /ɨ/ is usually a high central vowel sound, although it is occasionally moved further back to [ɯ], or lowered to [ə].
* An [o] sound is often heard when two back vowels are adjacent to one another, or as an allophone of /u/.

## Grammar
### Pronouns

The following set of pronouns are the personal pronouns found in the Central Tagbanwa language. Note: some forms are divided between full and short forms.
Central Tagbanwa personal pronouns :
| | Direct/Nominative | Indirect/Genitive | Oblique |
| 1st person singular | ako | ko | kakɨn (kɨn) |
| 2nd person singular | kawa (ka) | mo | kanimo (nimo) |
| 3rd person singular | kanya | niya (ya) | kanya |
| 1st person plural inclusive | kita | ta | katɨn |
| 1st person plural exclusive | kami | kamɨn | kamɨn |
| 2nd person plural | kamo | mi | kanimi |
| 3rd person plural | tila | nila | kanila |
The demonstratives are as follows.
Central Tagbanwa demonstratives :
| | Direct/Nominative | Indirect/Genitive | Oblique |
| near speaker | lito | kalito | kaito, kito |
| near adressee | layan | kalayan | |
| far away | liti | kaliti | atan, doon |
# Almaty District

Almaty District (Kazakh: Алматы ауданы, Almaty audany; Russian: Район Алматы), is an administrative subdivision of the city of Astana, Kazakhstan. It was named after the city of Almaty.

## Geography

Part of the mountainous Ile-Alatau National Park is in Almaty District.
# Blagoveshchenka

Blagoveshchenka (Russian: Благовещенка) is a toponym:
* Blagoveshchenka, Altai Krai, an urban locality Blagoveshchensky District, Altai Krai, Russia
* Blagoveshchenka, Kyrgyzstan, a village in Kyrgyzstan
* Blagoveshchenka (Novosibirsk Oblast), a village in Kupinsky District, Novosibirsk Oblast, Russia
# Ali Kardor

Ali Kardor (Persian: علی کاردر, born 16 May 1954) is an Iranian oil executive, and the former managing director of the National Iranian Oil Company (NIOC), from 2016 to 2018. Kardor joined NIOC in 1984.
Kardor was appointed managing director of NIOC in June 2016, having previously served as deputy managing director for investment and finance.

## Education

Kardor graduated with a M.S. in financial management from Allameh Tabataba'i University, Tehran.

## Career

Since Kardor has assumed management of the NIOC, it has raised oil production. Following the lifting of international trade restrictions in January 2016 – Kardor announced 4.05 million barrels of crude oil per day (bpd) by March 2018. The International Energy Agency (IEA) predicted that Iran will reach a total of 4.15 million bpd in 2022.
Prior to his appointment as managing director of NIOC, Kardor held the following positions:
* Finance and Administration Director at NIOC
* Deputy Minister of Petroleum for Commercial Affairs
* Member of the board of directors at the National Iranian Gas Company
* Member of the board of directors at Kala Naft, Tehran
* Member of the Board of Director at Kala Naft, London
# Pratz, Luxembourg

Pratz (Luxembourgish: Proz) is a small town in the commune of Préizerdaul, in western Luxembourg. As of 2024, the town has a population of 545.
# Margaret Isabel Dicksee

Margaret Dicksee or Margaret Isabel Dicksee (22 January 1858 – 6 June 1903) was a British painter.
Dicksee was born in London as the daughter of the painter Thomas Francis Dicksee. Her brother Frank Dicksee also became a painter. Dicksee showed her works at the Royal Academy from 1883.
Her paintings In Memoriam and The Child Handel were included in the 1905 book Women Painters of the World.
* The Child Handel, 1893
* In Memoriam
# 1923 Australia men's national soccer team

This article summarises the Australia men's national soccer team in 1923.

## Summary

Australia hosted their first international match at Brisbane Cricket Ground on 9 June against New Zealand, with seven players making their national team debuts resulting in a 2–1 win through Percy Lennard scoring early on and William Maunder scoring in the last minute recording Australia's first win in an international match. Ahead of the second match against New Zealand at Sydney Cricket Ground on 16 June, Jack Gilmore and Johnny Peebles were set to make their debuts for Australia; as Australia lost 3–2 with Percy Lennard scoring again and Jack Gilmore scoring on debut. A fortnights time later until Australia's last match in 1923 against New Zealand at Newcastle Showground saw Bob Austin start as their goalkeeper; the first time since George Cartwright started as Australia's first goalkeeper, and further fellow debutants Judy Masters, Ernie Owen, and Gilbert Storey. The final match resulted in a 4–1 loss with William Maunder scoring for Australia, and finishing the three-match series with one win and two losses.

## Player statistics

| Pos. | Player | Apps. | Goals |
| GK | Bob Austin | 1 | 0 |
| GK | George Cartwright | 2 | 0 |
| FB | Cliff Gedge | 3 | 0 |
| FB | Ernie Owen | 1 | 0 |
| FB | Sid Robinson | 1 | 0 |
| HB | Alex Gibb | 3 | 0 |
| HB | Peter Doyle | 1 | 0 |
| HB | Jimmy Love | 1 | 0 |
| HB | Johnny Peebles | 1 | 0 |
| HB | Gilbert Storey | 1 | 0 |
| HB | Jack White | 2 | 0 |
| FW | Mosie Burton | 1 | 0 |
| FW | Jack Gilmore | 1 | 1 |
| FW | Percy Lennard | 3 | 2 |
| FW | Judy Masters | 1 | 0 |
| FW | William Maunder | 3 | 2 |
| FW | William Mitchell | 3 | 0 |
| FW | Tom Thompson | 3 | 0 |
# Darren Woodard

Darren Lydell Woodard (born September 21, 1989) is an American former professional football cornerback. He was signed by the St. Louis Rams as an undrafted free agent in 2013. He played college football for Kilgore College from 2009 to 2010, then played at UTEP. He has also played for the Arizona Cardinals.

## Early life

Woodard spent his prep career at Brazosport High School, earning three letters. He averaged 10 tackles per game as a senior. Was chosen All-District as a junior and senior and was a three-time All-County selection.

## College career
### Kilgore College

First-team All-Conference choice at Kilgore College, accumulating 10 pass break-ups and three interceptions in 2010.

### UTEP

Played in nine contests and made 12 stops (six solo), recorded two takeaways for 71 yards and also had two pass breakups on the year.

## Professional career
### St. Louis Rams

After going undrafted in the 2013 NFL draft, Woodard was signed by the St. Louis Rams. He was waived on August 31, 2013 during final cuts, but was signed to the practice squad two days later. He was waived a week later to clear a spot on the practice squad for Jonathan Stewart. He was once again signed to the practice squad on October 1, 2013. He was signed to a future contract on December 30, 2013. He was waived during final cuts on August 29, 2014.

### Arizona Cardinals

He was then signed to the Arizona Cardinals practice squad on November 12, 2014. On August 31, 2015, the Cardinals released Woodard.

### Ottawa Redblacks

Woodard signed with the Ottawa Redblacks of the Canadian Football League on February 22, 2016.
# Darband-e Olya

Darband-e Olya (Persian: دربندعليا) may refer to:
* Darband-e Olya, Dargaz
* Darband-e Olya, Sarakhs