OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Conrad Khunrath

Conrad Khunrath (1555, Leipzig – 1613, probably in Hamburg) was a German merchant, alchemist, mint worker, doctor, author, editor, and translator. He is particularly important as the author of Medulla destillatoria, a work of Paracelsian iatrochemistry which was published in many editions for well over a century.

## Life

Conrad Khunrath was born around 1555 to the Leipzig merchant Sebastian Kunrat and his wife Anna. He had at least ten younger siblings, among them Heinrich Khunrath, who became known as an alchemist in his own right. By 1562, Conrad, still a child, had enrolled at Leipzig University, though this seems to have been only pro forma. In his youth, Conrad traveled around England where he learned the English language. He is known to have worked as a merchant from 1580; after the death of his father, Conrad also took over the cloth and vitriol trade. Subsequently, Khunrath expanded his professional activities into medical practice. His medications relied on spagyric or alchemical processes he developed himself.
By 1594, Khurath resided in Schleswig. There he published the first edition of his magnum opus Medulla destillatoria, as well as a number of ancillary works and later editions. From about 1606 Khunrath worked as coin controller for the mint in Hamburg, managing the upheavals of the Kipper und Wipper financial crisis. He died, probably in Hamburg, shortly before 6 May 1613.
Two years after his death, another part of the Medulla destillatoria was published.

## Selected works
### As author

* Medulla destillatoria et medica. Schleswig, 1594.
* (Volume 1, 1621; Volume 1, 1623; Volume 1, 1638; Volume 2, 1638.)
* Fünf schöne medicische Tractat. Schleswig, 1596.
* Vier schöne medicische Tractat. Schleswig, 1597.
* Mystica et chymica quaedam arcana. Hamburg, 1600
* Edelstes Kleinod Menschlicher Gesundheit; das ist: Die auß den Geheimnissen der Natur hervorgesuchte/ unschätzbare und höchstbewährte Destillier- und Artzeney-Kunst : Zu besserer Bedienung/ sind … jedem Theile drey nützliche und vollständige Register angefüget/... Frankfurt, Leipzig, Halberstadt: Hynitzsch, 1680. (Volume 1, 1860; Volume 2, 1860.)

### As editor or translator

* Paracelsus, Chirurgia vulnerum. Schleswig, 1595.
* Eine Proclamation, Der newen Müntze halben. Hamburg, 1605.
* Zween schöne Tractat. Hamburg, 1606.
* Relatio Oder Erzehlung, Wie der Grossmechtigste Herr Christianus Quartus.... Hamburg, 1607.
# Ezedin Abdel Aziz Khalil

Ezedin Abdel Aziz Khalil (Arabic: عز الدين عبد العزيز خليل; born 1982), also known as Yasin al-Suri (Arabic: ياسين السوري), is allegedly a senior al-Qaeda facilitator and financier based in Iran, according to the U.S. government. He is in the $3 million reward category in the U.S. Rewards for Justice Program.

## Biography

The U.S. State Department says that Khalil is a Syrian national, born in the city of Qamishli in 1982. He also has used other aliases such as Yaseen al-Suri, Izz al-Din Abd al-Farid Khalil and Zayn al-Abadin.

## Al-Qaeda activities

The U.S. government first connected Khalil to al-Qaeda when it sanctioned him as the alleged leader of an al-Qaeda fundraising and logistics network in Iran on 28 July 2011. According to the U.S. Treasury Department, Khalil has lived and operated in Iran since 2005 under agreement between al-Qaeda and the Iranian government. In his role as al-Qaeda's representative in Iran, Khalil works with the organization's senior leaders to transfer money and recruits via Iranian territory to Pakistan and Afghanistan. Khalil reportedly tasks new operatives with delivering $10,000 to al-Qaeda's leadership in Pakistan. The al-Qaeda facilitator also allegedly works with the Iranian government to release al-Qaeda members from Iranian prisons and then facilitate their travel to Pakistan. The Wall Street Journal said that the U.S. government's announcement of the Iran-based al-Qaeda network was the first time the U.S. had "formally accused Iran of forging an alliance with al Qaeda."
On 22 December 2011, the U.S. State Department further announced that as part of its Rewards for Justice Program, it was offering up to a $10 million reward for information on the location of Khalil. It also marked the first time that Rewards for Justice offered a reward for information leading to a terrorist financier. At the briefing announcing the reward for information leading to Khalil, Robert Hartung, Assistant Director for the Threat Investigations and Analysis of the Bureau of Diplomatic Security, stated, "As a key fundraiser for the al-Qaida terrorist network, he is a continuing danger to the interest of the United States, to its facility, and its citizens. Locating al-Suri and shutting down his operations would eliminate a significant financial resource for al-Qaida."
The Iranian government has rejected as "completely baseless" the charges that Khalil is present in Iran and operating within the country.
# Writing table

A writing table (French bureau plat) has a series of drawers directly under the surface of the table, to contain writing implements, so that it may serve as a desk. Antique versions have the usual divisions for the inkwell, the blotter and the sand or powder tray in one of the drawers, and a surface covered with leather or some other material less hostile to the quill or the fountain pen than simple hard wood.
In form, a writing table is a pedestal desk without the pedestals, having legs instead to hold it up. This is why such tables are sometimes called leg desks.
The writing table is often called a "bureau plat" when it is done in a French style such as Louis XVI, Art Nouveau, etc. When a writing table is supported by two legs instead of four, it is usually called a trestle desk.
The writing table is also sometimes called a library table, because it was often placed in a home library. This was the room in a house where a gentleman would keep literature and also do his business transactions. The library often housed, in addition, a round desk called a rent table and sometimes a drawing table. The term library table is sometimes applied indiscriminately to a wide variety of desk forms, in addition to being used for writing tables.
Some writing tables have additional drawers built above the surface. In this case they are often called bureau à gradin instead of writing table, unless they have a more specific form, such as that of a Carlton House desk.
A reading and writing table with an easel or double easel for books that was adjustable on a ratchet and a drawer fitted for writing implements was a mid-18th century English invention that lasted as long as the habit endured of reading while standing.
The writing tables are good for maintaining posture and help readers or writers to work longer, nowadays writing tables evolved into desk with desktop systems and other smart devices according to one's need.
# Long Stratton High School

Long Stratton High School is a secondary school located in the town of Long Stratton in the English county of Norfolk. It educates children from ages 11 to 16 and has around 650 pupils at any one time. The school has a specialism in teaching Mathematics and ICT.

## Description

The school was last fully inspected in 2012, and the inspectors found a smaller than-average secondary school which meets the expectations for attainment and progress. The students were almost exclusively white British: the proportion of students from minority ethnic groups is low all speak English as a first language. The proportion supported at school action is above average but the proportion of disabled students is below average, as is the number with statements of special educational need. Students behave well. Exclusions are very low and attendance is on an upward trend and is above average.

## Curriculum

Virtually all maintained schools and academies follow the National Curriculum, and are inspected by Ofsted on how well they succeed in delivering a 'broad and balanced curriculum'.
The school teaches Key Stage 3 over three years.

### Key Stage 3

Years 7-9 "enjoy a wide breadth of subjects. They develop as artists, designers and performers, as linguists, geographers and historians, as scientists and as sportsmen and women."
Key Stage 3 :
| Core ||||
| Maths | Maths | English | English |
| Science ||
| Other ||||
| Art | Beliefs and Values | Design and Technology | French |
| Geography | History | ICT& Computing | Music |
| Spanish | PE | RE |

### Key Stage 4

In Key Stage 4, years 10 and 11, students principally study a range of GCSE courses so they achieve the English Baccalaureate. In order to do this, they study the core subjects of English, Maths, Science, they then have a guided choice, choosing two options from two option lists. They are guided to include a Modern Foreign Language and a humanity (History or Geography). Top sets can choose triple science.

## Results

In September 2012 OFSTED rated the school as "good".
During the period 2011-13 the school enjoyed 3 consecutive years of record GCSE results with 84% of pupils achieving 5 or more A*-C GCSE grades. In 2014 these dropped to 71% of pupils achieving 5 or more A*-C GCSE grades - 66% of them including English and Maths.

## Personnel matters

In September 2011 the then Headteacher, Dr. Paul Adams, was suspended for "gross misconduct over management issues". He was finally dismissed in September 2012 after losing his appeal over his suspension.
# Chitan

Chitan (Persian: چيتان or چيتن) may refer to:
* Chitan, Kurdistan Persian: چيتان, romanized: Chitān
* Chitan, Mazandaran Persian: چيتن, romanized: Chitan
# Agaponovo

Agaponovo (Russian: Агапо́ново) is a rural locality (a village) in Smolensky District of Smolensk Oblast, Russia, located 30 kilometers (19 mi) north-west of Smolensk. Population of Agaponovo is 133. Anatoly Ivanovich Mishnev, a Russian politician, is a native of this village.

## Location

This village is located in Smolensk region, district of Smolensk. It is also part of Novocolony. Village is located 14 km of a rail-road station which connects Moscow and Vitebsk. There is a hotel "Borvicha"

## History

Earlier it had had another name – Gaponovo. The Nazi army had occupied it in July 1941. Agaponovo was liberated by The Red Army 26 September 1943.
# Ankerville

Ankerville (Scottish Gaelic: Cinn Dèis Bhig) is a village located in Nigg, Ross-shire, Scotland, within the Scottish council area of Highland.
# Merdzavan

40°10′47″N 44°23′59″E﻿ / ﻿40.17972°N 44.39972°E﻿ / 40.17972; 44.39972 Merdzavan (Armenian: Մերձավան), is a village in the Armavir Province of Armenia, located at the western suburbs of the capital Yerevan, north of the Parakar village.
As of the 2011 official census, Merdzavan has a population of 3,303.

## Geography

At a height of 945 meters above sea level, Merdzavan is located to the western edge of the Malatia-Sebastia District of the capital Yerevan. It is 40 km east of the provincial centre Armavir and 6 km east of Vagharshapat.
# Włodzimierz (given name)

Włodzimierz is a Polish variant of the Slavic name Vladimir. The name may refer to:
* Włodzimierz Błasiak, Polish engineer
* Włodzimierz Cimoszewicz (born 1950), Polish politician
* Włodzimierz Czarniak (1934–1964), Polish alpine skier
* Włodzimierz Kuperberg (born 1941), Polish mathematics research in geometry and topology
* Włodzimierz Dzieduszycki (1825–1899), Polish noble (szlachcic), landowner, naturalist, political activist, collector and patron of arts
* Włodzimierz Kotoński (1925–2014), Polish composer
* Włodzimierz Krzyżanowski (1824–1887), Polish military leader and a brigade commander in the Union Army during the American Civil War
* Wlodzimierz Ksiazek (1951–2011), contemporary New England painter
* Włodzimierz Lubański (born 1947), Polish football player
* Włodzimierz Perzyński (1877–1930), Polish writer and dramatist
* Włodzimierz Schmidt (1943–2023), Polish chess grandmaster
* Włodzimierz Smolarek (1957–2012), retired Polish football player
* Włodzimierz Sokorski (1908–1999), Polish communist activist, writer, military journalist and eventually a Brigadier General
* Włodzimierz Tetmajer (1861–1923), Polish painter
* Włodzimierz Zawadzki (born 1967), Polish wrestler
# Shafaei

Shafaei (Persian: شَفاعی) is a Persian surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Mahvash Shafaei (born 1956), Iranian fencer, relative of Manouchehr
* Manouchehr Shafaei (born 1949), Iranian fencer, human rights activist, and journalist
# Ponsanooth

Ponsanooth (Cornish: Pons an Woodh, meaning "bridge at the stream") is a village and civil parish in Cornwall, England, United Kingdom. It is about four miles southeast of Redruth and two and a half miles northwest of Penryn on the A393 road Redruth to Falmouth road. In 2019 it had an estimated population of 1184.
The church of St Michael and All Angels is now part of a larger benefice, sharing a single vicar with Mabe. Also the village has a shop which includes a post office, village hall, primary school and a public house called The Stag Hunt.
The River Kennall runs nearby: in the 19th century, this river worked a flour mill and a number of gunpowder mills, machinery at a foundry, and a paper mill. The gunpowder mills supplied many of the mines of west Cornwall until 1910, by which time gunpowder had been largely replaced by high explosives. The site of one of the ruined mills is now within a Nature Reserve. Frederick Hamilton Davey the botanist (died 23 September 1915) was born at Ponsanooth and was buried in the Wesleyan Cemetery there.

## Cornish wrestling

Cornish wrestling tournaments, for prizes, were held in Ponsanooth in the 1800s and 1900s.

## Civil parish

Until 1 April 2021 the civil parish was called St Gluvias which doesn't include the Penryn suburb St Gluvias. The parish population at the 2011 census was 1,668.
# Printing, Newspaper, Publishing and Information Workers' Union

The Printing, Newspaper, Publishing and Information Workers' Union (Serbo-Croatian: Sindikata radnika grafičke, novinsko-izdavačke i informativne delatnosti) was a trade union representing workers in printing and related industries in Yugoslavia.
The union was founded in 1974, when the Union of Industrial and Mining Workers was split up. Like its predecessor, it affiliated to the Confederation of Trade Unions of Yugoslavia. By 1990, it had grown to 130,000 members and was led by Boris Bišćan. That year, it split into various more localised unions.
# Irandokht

Irandokht (Persian: ایراندخت 1916-1984 –) was a princess of Iran.
She was the first child of Badr al-Molouk and Ahmad Shah Qajar, the last ruling member of the Qajar dynasty. She was princess of Persia before leaving the country with her parents when she was 10 years old, when her father was deposed in 1925.
While Mohammad Reza Pahlavi was in Switzerland for his education, he saw Irandokht and fell in love with her and told his father, Reza Shah about her. After Irandokht's arrival in Tehran, Reza Shah would not allow them to get married. Following his divorce from Fawzia of Egypt, Pahlavi, who was now Shah, seems to have again considered marrying Irandokht, who was by then also separated from her first husband, but was dissuaded by the fact that she had already had three children.
Irandokht returned to Europe and married Abbas Faroughy. She had three grandchildren: Mariam, Darius and Cyrus.
# Saksi Sbong

Saksi Sbong (Khmer: សាក់ ស៊ីស្បោង) is a Cambodian actress who mainly played the role of villains in Cambodian pre-Khmer Rouge films.
Saksi Sbong was born in Phnom Penh, the capital city of Cambodia, in 1940. After working as a flight attendant doing the liaison between Phnom Penh and Bangkok, she started taking up acting roles in movies produced by Norodom Sihanouk, beginning with Apsara in 1966 and culminating with her most famous role in La Joie de Vivre, filmed in 1968–69, in which she plays Princess Sulpra. Already a "famous Cambodian actress" in 1969, she became even more popular for her cruel vicious character in films such as Tep Sodachan and Pos Keng Kong in the 1970s.
Saksy Sbong fled Cambodia to live in France before the rule of the Khmer Rouge and only returned to Cambodia to film one last movie in the early 1990s.
When Saksi Bong returned to Cambodia in 2018 to attend a royal funeral for which she shaved her head following Khmer tradition, many were surprised that she was still alive as it was widely believed she had been executed by the Khmers Rouges.
Saksi Bong now considers herself as a devout Buddhist and a staunch supporter of the Cambodian monarchy.

## Filmography

* Apsara (1966) - Rattana
* The Little Prince (1966) - step aunt of the little prince
* Chet Mdai (1967)
* Tep Sodachan (1968)
* La Joie de Vivre (1968/1969) - Princess Sulpra
* Sdach Domrei Sa (1969)
* Veasna Akosol (1970)
* Norok Lokey (1970)
* Pinpea Sa Cheat
* Vil Vinh Na Bong (1971)
* The Snake King's Wife ("Pos Keng Kong", 1972) - step wife, Sarika
* Pichayvongsa (1972)
* The Snake King's Wife Part 2 ("Pos Keng Kong 2", 1973) - step wife, Sarika
* Pka Dos Kontuy
* Aso Oun Pong
* Lea Oun Tao Chbang
# Bashmakovo

Bashmakovo (Russian: Башмаково) is the name of several inhabited localities in Russia.

## Rural localities

* Bashmakovo, Kostroma Oblast, a village in Tsentralnoye Settlement of Buysky District of Kostroma Oblast
* Bashmakovo, Oryol Oblast, a village in Alekhinsky Selsoviet of Khotynetsky District of Oryol Oblast
* Bashmakovo, Pskov Oblast, a village in Nevelsky District of Pskov Oblast
* Bashmakovo, Kalininsky District, Tver Oblast, a village in Kalininsky District, Tver Oblast
* Bashmakovo, Staritsky District, Tver Oblast, a village in Staritsky District, Tver Oblast
* Bashmakovo, Fakelsky Selsoviet, Igrinsky District, Udmurt Republic, a village in Fakelsky Selsoviet of Igrinsky District of the Udmurt Republic
* Bashmakovo, Muzhbersky Selsoviet, Igrinsky District, Udmurt Republic, a village in Muzhbersky Selsoviet of Igrinsky District of the Udmurt Republic
# Abu'l-Fath Khan Bakhtiari

Abu'l-Fath Khan Bakhtiari (Persian: ابوالفتح خان بختیاری, romanized: Abōlfatḥ Khān-e Bakhtīārī) was the Bakhtiari supreme chieftain (ilkhani) of the Haft Lang branch.

## Biography

He was the governor of Isfahan at the time of the death of Nader Shah (r. 1736–1747) in 1747—the latter's successors, Adil Shah, Ebrahim Shah, and Shahrokh Shah, continued to acknowledge Abu'l-Fath's post as governor of the city. When the Chahar Lang chieftain Ali Mardan Khan Bakhtiari and the Zand chieftain Karim Khan stormed the gates of Isfahan in May 1750—Abu'l-Fath and other prominent residents assembled to protect the fortress of the city, but agreed to surrender and collaborate with them after Ali Mardan's reasonable proposals. Abu'l-Fath, together with Ali Mardan and Karim Khan, formed an alliance in western Iran under the cover of restoring the Safavid dynasty, appointing a 17 year old Safavid prince, Abu Turab, as a puppet ruler—on June 29, Abu Turab was declared shah, and assumed the name of Ismail III.
Ali Mardan then took the title of Vakil-e daulat ("deputy of the state") as the head of the administration, while Abu'l-Fath maintained his post as governor of Isfahan, and Karim Khan was appointed commander (sardar) of the army, and was given the task of conquering the rest of Iran. However, a few months later, while Karim Khan was on an expedition in Kurdistan, the ambitious Ali Mardan had Abu'l-Fath deposed and killed.
# Bridesmaid (band)

Bridesmaid are an instrumental stoner rock band from Columbus, Ohio consisting of two bass players and two drummers.

## History

Founded in 2010, the band was initially a trio. The original members were Bob Brinkman and Scott Hyatt on bass guitars and Cory Barnt on drums. Barnt eventually moved and during the transition period both Ricky Thompson and Barnt were drummers and the larger sound inspired Brinkman and Hyatt to keep two drummers. Adam Boehm was added when Barnt left.
Eventually, Thompson left and Barnt returned maintaining the two bass and two drums lineup.

### Band members
#### Current

* Bob Brinkman, bass
* Scott Hyatt, bass
* Cory Barnt, drums
* Adam Boehm, drums

#### Past

* Ricky Thompson, drums

## Discography
### Splits and Compilations

* Sun Splitter/Bridesmaid Split 7" (2011)
* Heavy Haze Wax Mage Records Collection 1 (2016)

### EPs

* Davy Jones Industrial Average (2011)

### Full-length LPs

* Breakfast At Riffany's (2013)
* International House Of Mancakes (2016)
# Twmpath Castle

Twmpath Castle, also known as Twmpath Motte (Welsh: Caer Cynwrig), is a medieval motte on the southern slope of Wenallt Hill near Rhiwbina in Cardiff, Wales, which is a scheduled monument.

## Toponymy

Twmpath is a Welsh word literally meaning a hump. Caer Cynwrig are both Welsh words. Caer (Old Welsh: cair or kair) is a placename element meaning a fortification, a camp, an inclosure, a wall or mound of defence, while Cynwrig in Old Welsh means high hill.

## History

The motte-and-bailey castle dates back to the middle Ages from about 1066 to 1540. Originally Twmpath Castle was a Welsh camp called Caer Cynwrig, which was captured and occupied by the Normans and became the third largest motte in the Lordship of Glamorgan. Robert Fitzhamon founded Cardiff Castle and used the old Cardiff Roman Fort to construct it. Cardiff Castle was the capital of the Lordship of Glamorgan and Twmpath Castle formed one of a string of fortifications used to defend the newly conquered town of Cardiff with a ring of eight smaller earth and timber castles, Caerau Hillfort, Morganstown Castle Mound, Castell Coch and Whitchurch (known as Treoda), Cae’r Castell, near St Mellons and Rumney Castle.

## Present day

Today the site is overgrown and stands approximately 25 ft (7.6 m) high and 130 ft (40 m) around. The top is 16 m (52 ft) in diameter. The motte is surrounded by a ditch, which varies in depth between 1 m (3.3 ft) to 1.2 m (3.9 ft) and width between 4 m (13 ft) and 5 m (16 ft).
Cadw has described the monument as being of "National importance for its potential to enhance our knowledge of medieval defensive practices. The monument is well-preserved and an important relic of the medieval landscape. It retains significant archaeological potential, with a strong probability of the presence of both structural evidence and intact associated deposits." It was designated as a scheduled monument on 23 July 1930.

## Legends

Legend has it that it is a burial mound erected about 1089 for Iestyn ap Gwrgan, Lord of Glamorgan. The other legend says that the Devil piled up some earth in the form of a mound.
# WASP-104b

WASP-104b is a hot Jupiter exoplanet that orbits the star WASP-104. It is considered to be one of the darkest exoplanets discovered. WASP-104b was discovered in 2014; according to a 2018 study at Keele University, the planet's dense atmosphere of potassium and sodium absorbs more than 97% of light it receives.

## Characteristics

Researchers have considered WASP-104b to be one of the darkest exoplanets ever discovered. In 2018, scientists from Keele University said the exoplanet's thick sodium and potassium atmosphere can absorb more than 97% of the light that falls on it. A paper published by Cornell University Library describes the exoplanet as "darker than charcoal" and "one of the least reflective planets found to date", even darker than WASP-12b which absorbs 94% of it receives. The only other exoplanet thought to be darker than WASP-104b is TrES-2b. Its reflectance has been compared with that of WASP-12b despite being somewhat darker.
In 2020, a transmission spectroscopy study has indicated that WASP-104b has a red-colored cloud deck and possibly hazes. WASP-104b's size is comparable to that of Jupiter; its mass and radius are 1.272 times and 1.137 times greater than Jupiter's, respectively. It has 12.5 times the mass of Earth and a low density, and may be composed of gas.
WASP-104b is the only known exoplanet to orbit WASP-104, a 3-billion-year-old G8 star. WASP-104b's orbital period is 1.8 days; it is located 2.6 million miles from its star and has an orbital radius of 0.02918 astronomical units (2,712,000 miles). WASP-104 and its planet are located 466 light years away from the Sun in the constellation Leo.