OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Haviryaga

The Haviryaga (ISO: Haviryāga) or Haviryagna (Sanskrit: हविर्यज्ञ, romanized: Haviryajña) is a Hindu ritual. It is a type of Yajna associated with the Vedic sacrifices of uncooked offering, and regarded to achieve various spiritual and material benefits.
The term "Haviryaga" means "a sacrifice in which havis, i.e. uncooked food is used" . Unlike other types of sacrifices, such as Somayajna, which involve the offering of soma juice, a Haviryaga utilizes food materials such as rice, barley, ghee, and milk. The main purpose of such sacrifices is to invoke blessings and ensure material prosperity and happiness in life.

## Types

The seven types of Haviryaga are:
* Agnyadhana
* Agnihotra-Homa
* Darsa-purnamasa Istis
* Agrayanesti
* Caturmasya
* Nirudha Pasubandha
* Sautramani

### Agnyadhana

A Vedic sacrifice requires three sacred fires namely Ahavaniya, Garhapatya and Daksinagni. The purpose of Adhana is to entertain these three sacred fires.
It has regular precribed procedure for its function. The fire is constantly maintained in Garhapatya to later utilize it to distribute fire to the rest two fire places for sacrifice as per he rules mentioned in the Srauta Sutras.
Almost the entirety of Homas is performed in the Ahavaniya fire. The sacrificial fire is later called Ahitagni from the day of Adhana. If the fire of Garhapatya gets extinguished, the process of Punaradhana is carried out, and the Ahitagni has to go through the process of Adhana once again.

### Agnihotra-Homa

It is an everyday sacrifice that is performed both at the twilight by Ahitagni along with his wife. The Havis is offered to the Agni along with prayers. The offering can have either rice or milk along with Ajya (Ghee). This yajna is termed as a lifelong Sattra, i.e. it is never to be closed on any account. It can be broken only due to old age or demise.

### Darsa-purnamasa Istis

It is performed once in every two weeks, when it is either the full moon or the new moon day.

### Agrayanesti

It is performed twice every year, when its the time for the arrival of fresh maize in the fields. In includes the Prayanesti, which is performed during Somayajna. It signifies the onset of Somayagna.

### Chaturmasya

It is performed once in every four months over the year. The day falls on the full moon day and this includes certain sacrifices. Therefore, it is termed as Chaturmasya i.e. happening every four months.

### Nirudha Pasubandha

The person who performs sacrifice is assisted by six priests while offering Pasu. In contemporary days, produce of Pasus offered instead of Pasus directly, in the form of dairy products like ghee or milk.

### Sautramani

It is the seventh Haviryaga. It can be performed in two ways for different outcomes. Kaukila Sautramani is performed for the happiness in the present world, while Caraka Sautramani is performed to get the Svarga.
# Geoffrey Scott (architectural historian)

Geoffrey Scott (11 June 1884 – 14 August 1929) was an English scholar and poet, known as a historian of architecture. His biography of Isabelle de Charrière entitled The Portrait of Zelide won the 1925 James Tait Black Memorial Prize.

## Background

Born in Hampstead, Scott was the fourth son of Russell Scott III and his wife Jessie Thurburn. He was educated at Highgate School, then Rugby School and New College, Oxford, where he won the Newdigate Prize in 1906. While still an undergraduate he was befriended by Mary Berenson, leading to his admission to the Florence 'circle' of Bernard Berenson. From 1907 to 1909 he was employed by Berenson; he worked on the design of the garden of I Tatti, the Berenson villa, with Cecil Ross Pinsent. This led to work on other gardens. It also brought him the friendship of John Maynard Keynes, who met him there.
In 1914 the publication of The Architecture of Humanism made his reputation. In 1916, he married Lady Sybil Cutting (1879–1943), whose first husband, William Bayard Cutting Jr., died in 1910. Lady Sybil was the youngest daughter of Irish peer and barrister, Hamilton Cuffe, 5th Earl of Desart, who served as the last Lord Lieutenant of Kilkenny, and his wife, Lady Margaret Joan Lascelles, a daughter of Henry Lascelles, 4th Earl of Harewood. She had arrived in Florence when her first husband, terminally ill with tuberculosis, had written he wanted their young daughter, Iris, to grow up in Italy, "free from all this national feeling which makes people so unhappy. Bring her up somewhere where she does not belong." Lady Sybil and her daughter settled in Florence, Italy; buying the Villa Medici in Fiesole, one of the city's most spectacular villas. There she formed a close friendship with Bernard Berenson at the nearby I Tatti, and seasonal resident Lady Cecilia Pearse.
The Scotts divorced in 1926, and she remarried (to Percy Lubbock) the same year. With little in the way of career, it has been suggested that an unlikely love affair with Vita Sackville-West from 1923 to 1925 spurred Scott into his later literary production.
At the time of his death, of pneumonia in New York City, Geoffrey Scott had been retained as an editor of the papers of James Boswell.
He was one of Edith Wharton's close friends.

## Works

* The Architecture of Humanism: A Study in the History of Taste (1914)
* A Box of Paints (1923) poems
* The Portrait of Zélide (1925) biography of Isabelle de Charrière
* Poems (1931)
# Malindi Kingdom

The Malindi Kingdom was a Bantu civilization on the eastern coast of Africa, specifically the modern Kenya, from approximately the 9th through 15th centuries. History reveals their noteworthy cultural and trade crossroads between the Bantu and Arab peoples, and also trades with Ming China, India, and Portugal. Pottery products from all three regions have been found there dating to between the 13th and 15th centuries.
Traces of pottery originating from the Ming dynasty have led to speculations that the Chinese diplomat and explorer Zheng He might have visited the town in the early 15th century. A team of archaeologists financed by the Chinese government spent several years excavating a site near Mambrui without finding any conclusive evidence supporting the theory.

## History

The Old Town Malindi may have been located somewhere north of the modern city. There is a debate about the exact location of the kingdom, if it was centered initially around Old Town Malindi, or Mambrui. The general settlement of this region seems to date back to about 850 AD. Old town Malindi seems to have been destroyed around 1000 AD, but resettlements were made by 1250.
There were also Chinese texts dated as early as the 9th century indicating names of far-western ports that seem to be phonetically similar to Malindi. But it is still uncertain if they actually refer to the African kingdom, centuries before the Zheng He voyages. Around that time, the Ajuran Empire north of Malindi appear to have been trading with China, as coins from as early as the Song dynasty have been recovered at appropriate levels in modern Somalia.
The kingdom appears to have thrived from 1250 through the appearance of Vasco de Gama in the 15th century, when colonization of the region seems to have caused a decline.
# Qarah Bolagh, Qazvin

Qarah Bolagh (Persian: قره بلاغ, also Romanized as Qarah Bolāgh, Ghara Bolagh, Qarā Bolāgh, Qara Bulāq, and Qareh Bolāgh) is a village in Hesar-e Valiyeasr Rural District, Central District, Avaj County, Qazvin Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 165, in 40 families.
# Hassan III of Alamut

Jalāl al-Dīn Ḥasan III (جلال الدین حسن) (1187–1221), son of Nūr al-Dīn Muḥammad II, was the 25th Nizari Isma'ili Imām. He ruled from 1210 to 1221.

## His life

He was born to the 24th Imam and a Sunni mother. Jalal al-Din Hassan claimed to have converted to Sunni Islam, which was accepted by Abbasid Caliph al-Nasir and other Muslim princes and he became known as naw-musalman (Persian: نومسلمان, "Muslim convert"). He repudiated the faith and policies associated with earlier Lords of Alamut and went so far as to curse his ancestors and burn the books of Hasan ibn Sabah. He invited many Sunni scholars and jurists from across Khurasan, Qazvin and Iraq to visit Alamut Castle, and even invited them to inspect the library and remove any books they found to be objectionable. $^{:405}$ He also instructed these scholars to teach his followers, whom he commanded to observe the Sunni Sharia. However, his conversion has been interpreted by some as an act of taqiyya.
During his lifetime, he maintained friendly relations with the `Abbasid Caliph al-Nasir. An alliance with the caliph of Baghdad meant greater resources for the self-defence of not only the Nizārī Ismā'īlī state, but also the broader Muslim world.$^{:29}$ He also personally led his army to assist Uzbek, ruler of the Eldiguzids, against a rebel.
He died in 1221, possibly the result of poisoning. He was married to four Sunni women from the daughters of the princes of Gilan, after he sought the princes' permission, who then asked the Abbasid Caliph, who approved. They, along with some of Ḥassan III's kinsfolk, including his sister, were executed by his son's vizier under allegations of poisoning Ḥassan III.
His Sunni conformity was gradually reversed and his community increasingly regarded itself openly as Ismaili Shiite during the Imamate of his only surviving son and successor, ʻAlāʼ ad-Dīn Muḥammad III, who succeeded him at the age of 9 years old. However, his son upon succession was initially too young, so Ḥassan III's vizier controlled the state.
# Sengan, West Azerbaijan

Sengan (Persian: سنگان) is a village in Haq Rural District of Nalus District of Oshnavieh County, West Azerbaijan province, Iran.

## Demographics
### Population

At the time of the 2006 National Census, the village's population was 925 in 151 households. The following census in 2011 counted 994 people in 265 households. The 2016 census measured the population of the village as 1,198 people in 317 households. It was the most populous village in its rural district.
# Şahkolu, Sincik

Şahkolu (Kurdish: Şahkullî) is a village in the Sincik District, Adıyaman Province, Turkey. The village is populated by Kurds of the Reşwan tribe and had a population of 168 in 2021.
# Lake Idku

Lake Idku (Arabic: بحيرة إدكو) is one of the lakes in Egypt. Its freshwater area is 62.78 square kilometres (24.24 sq mi) and it connects to the Mediterranean Sea. The lake lies to the west of the city of Edku.
# Assumption of Mary Church, Iași

The Assumption of Mary Church (Romanian: Biserica Adormirea Maicii Domnului) is a Roman Catholic church located at 26 Ștefan cel Mare și Sfânt Boulevard in Iași, Romania. It is dedicated to the Assumption of Mary.
The first church on the site, with the same dedication, was made of wood and known as the Franciscans' Church (Biserica Franciscanilor). A 1753 document, issued during the reign of Prince Matei Ghica, noted that a Catholic church had stood in Iași since the founding of Moldavia. In 1741, Grigore II Ghica donated two vineyards to the church. Three years later, Stanislau Jezierski, the Catholic bishop of Bacău, noted that the church was small and ready to collapse. Rebuilt in 1763, it was destroyed by fire in 1766. The church was rebuilt in brick starting in 1782, and was blessed in 1789. The ceiling fell during the 1802 Vrancea earthquake, prompting repairs. The fire of 1827, which affected much of the city, destroyed the roof, again necessitating work. In 1861, the priest Ioan Eugeniu Zapolski restored and expanded the church. In 1869, upon the request of Bishop Giuseppe Salandari, the interior was painted by a Franciscan friar from Italy. Salandari was buried in the church upon his death in 1873, as were eleven other bishops and priests. The south wall of the church features a sundial that seemingly dates to 1813. Until the early 19th century, the building was used as a monastery, and was the center of the Franciscan mission. It became a cathedral when the Iași Diocese was set up in 1884.
Built in the Baroque style, the church has a single cylindrical spire, tall and supple, above the entrance; this is also the bell tower. The exterior is plastered with stone dust, but has no special ornamentation. The interior features three marble altars. There is a classical organ with 21 sonic registers, made in Austria. Work on the much larger Our Lady Queen of Iași Cathedral began in the 1990s, and the older building was relegated to a parish church in 2005, when the new cathedral was inaugurated.
The church is listed as a historic monument by Romania's Ministry of Culture and Religious Affairs.
* Sundial
* Entrance
* Side view
* Interior
* Grave of Mihai Robu
* Pulpit
# Parisan

Parisan (Persian: پريسان, also Romanized as Parīsān) is a village in Irafshan Rural District, Ashar District, Mehrestan County, Sistan and Baluchestan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 37, in 11 families.
# Çayağzı, Yayladere

Çayağzı (Kurdish: Zimtek) is a village in the Yayladere District, Bingöl Province, Turkey. The village is populated by Kurds of the Şadiyan tribe and had a population of 59 in 2021.
The hamlets of Elmacık, Kabatepe, Kaydibi and Yukarımahalle are attached to the village.
# The Pale Light of Sorrow

The Pale Light of Sorrow (Romanian: Lumina palidă a durerii) is a 1981 Romanian drama film directed by Iulian Mihu. It was entered into the 12th Moscow International Film Festival where it won a Special Diploma.
The story is set in a village near Buzău, before and during World War I, and is based on a script by George Macovescu, then-president of the Writers' Union of Romania. The music of Antonio Vivaldi is heavily used in the soundtrack.

## Cast

* Violeta Andrei
* Andrei Finți [ro]
* Florina Luican
* Gheorghe Marin
* Rodica Mureșan [ro]
* Emanoil Petruț [ro]
* Alexandru Racoviceanu
* Geo Saizescu
* Siegfried Siegmund
* Savel Știopul [ro]
* Liliana Tudor
* Catinca Ralea [ro]
# Srednja Vas v Bohinju

Srednja Vas v Bohinju (pronounced; Slovene: Srednja vas v Bohinju) is a village in the Municipality of Bohinj in the Upper Carniola region of Slovenia. It includes the hamlets of Kranjska Vas, Rudno Polje, V Renčah, Žale, Podojnica, Peca, Tržič, and Ptonec.

## Geography

The territory of Srednja Vas v Bohinju extends northward from the village core in the south, along either side of the valley of Ribnica Creek to the western edge of the Pokljuka Plateau, with the Zajamniki, Praprotnica, and Uskovnica mountain pastures and the mountains above the Ore Valley (Slovene: Rudna dolina), including Mount Viševnik (2,030 meters or 6,660 feet). There are waterfalls on Ribnica Creek.

## Church

The parish church in the village is dedicated to Saint Martin. It is a Baroque church built over medieval foundations. The church has a fresco behind the main altar painted by Franc Jelovšek in 1755 and two additional exterior frescoes by Jelovšek. Other frescoes and paintings in the church were created by Matija Koželj (1842–1917) and Matevž Langus (1792–1855).
# Michael David Kwan

Michael David Kwan (1934–2001) is the author of Things That Must Not Be Forgotten, which has won the Kiriyama Prize, as well as three other books.
He was also an accomplished translator of Chinese literature into English.
# Gheorghe Șincai National College

Gheorghe Șincai National College (Romanian: Colegiul Național "Gheorghe Șincai") may refer to one of two educational institutions in Romania:
* Gheorghe Șincai National College (Baia Mare)
* Gheorghe Șincai National College (Bucharest)
# Ayeshehabad

Ayeshehabad (Persian: عايشه اباد, also Romanized as ‘Āyeshehābād; also known as Chāhū, Chāḩū Gharbī, and Chāhū Qebleh) is a village in Dulab Rural District, Shahab District, Qeshm County, Hormozgan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 77, in 18 families.
# Asmae El Moudir

Asmae El Moudir (Arabic: أسماء المدير; born 16 February 1990 in Salé) is a Moroccan film director, screenwriter and producer. She gained great recognition and national and international fame through her successful documentary The Mother of All Lies, for which she also won several awards.

## Biography

El Moudir holds a master's degree in documentary cinema from the Abdelmalek Essaâdi University in Tetouan, and a master's degree in production at the Superior Institute of Information and Communication of Rabat in Rabat. She graduated in 2010 from the Moroccan Film Academy in Film Directing / Fiction. In 2013, she attended the summer university programme at La Fémis in Paris.
After making a number of short films, El Moudir directed The Mother of All Lies, her first feature film. The next year, she directed The Postcard, her first documentary feature film.
She has directed documentaries for SNRT, Al Jazeera Documentary, BBC and Al Araby TV. She has won important national and international awards which have been screened in Festivals worldwide and presented on co-production markets.
In 2022, she was part of Netflix Equity Fund with Four Female Arab Filmmakers.

## Awards

* Grand Prix at the International Women's Film Festival in Toronto (2021)
* Grand Prix at the IsReal Film Festival in Nuoro (2021)
* Directing prizes and the Grand Prix of the El-Ayoun Documentary Film Festival (2019)

## Filmography

* 2010: The Last Bullet (La Dernière balle)
* 2011: The Colors of Silence (Les couleurs de silence)
* 2013: Thank God It's Friday
* 2015: Rough Cut
* 2016: Harma
* 2019: Guerre oubliée (Forgotten War)
* 2020: The Postcard (Fi Zaouiyati Oummi)
* 2023: The Mother of All Lies
# Oyuklu, Midyat

Oyuklu (Kurdish: Taqa), historically known as Taka is a neighbourhood located in the municipality and district of Midyat, the Mardin Province in southeastern Turkey.
The village is populated by Kurds who adhere to Yazidism.
# Karlı, Yüksekova

Karlı (Kurdish: Befircan) is a village in the Yüksekova District of Hakkâri Province in Turkey. The village is populated by Kurds of the Doski tribe and had a population of 1,239 in 2023.
The hamlets of Bakırlı, Beşpınar (Badawa), Çaylı, Çiceközü (Gevrik), Çimenli, Karabağ (Xirwateng) and Kilimli (Member) are attached to the village.

## Population

Population history from 1997 to 2023:
# Joseph Rose (journalist)

Joseph Rose (born May 6, 1969, in Wenatchee, Washington, United States) is an American journalist and Episcopal priest formerly based in Portland, Oregon. He currently lives in Atlanta, Georgia, where he is an associate rector of St. Luke’s Episcopal Church. Rose was on the staff of The Oregonian as a writer, columnist and multimedia producer from 1999 until 2016. He has written about crime, prisons, government, Portland's world-famous bicycle scene, religion, popular culture, music, film, Oregon's methamphetamine epidemic and transportation. He is also a former freelance writer for Wired.com. As of January 2017, he described himself as retired from The Oregonian in order to go into ministry.
In 2004, he was a reporter on the newspaper's Pulitzer-nominated series on the costs of Oregon's methamphetamine epidemic. Rose's "Faces of Meth" story was turned into billboards and posters as well as replicated by other American media outlets, including PBS's Frontline. He was part of the team of reporters that exposed the federal government's trail of errors in the case against Brandon Mayfield, a Portland area attorney who, in the wake of the 9/11 terrorism attacks, was wrongfully arrested for involvement in the 2004 Madrid Train Bombings. He has also written about the childhood and family of Portland-native Matt Groening, creator of The Simpsons.
Rose's articles on a Gulf War war veteran secretly living in the wilderness of Portland's Forest Park with his young daughter helped inspire the 2018 film "Leave No Trace."
In 2008, Rose became The Oregonian's chief reporter investigating transportation issues, with multiple investigative stories on TriMet's safety and financial issues, a daily blog and a weekly Metro column.
He is a graduate of Central Washington University in Ellensburg, Washington. Rose graduated from Yale University with a Master of Divinity before being ordained.
When he was living in Oregon, Rose was also a leader of the "alternative liturgy" worship movement in the U.S. Episcopal Church. The movement creates worship services based on the music of popular contemporary musicians such as U2, Radiohead, Woody Guthrie and Bruce Springsteen. A March 2012 story in Willamette Week called Rose "the King of Hymns". In the article, Rose describes the spirit of the events: "We get a lot of folks who come but really aren’t connected to a church. They’re part of the very secular Oregon. But they feel a spiritual connection to popular music."
In addition to his Pulitzer nomination, Rose's journalism awards include several by the Society of Professional Journalists for investigative reporting and his writing on religion, government, the justice system and culture; one for breaking news in the 2011 C.B. Blethen Awards; and a 2013 National Headliner Award in the category of special or feature column.
# Damdama

Damdama (Persian: دامداما, also Romanized as Dāmdāmā) is a village in Hajjilar-e Shomali Rural District, Hajjilar District, Chaypareh County, West Azerbaijan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 396, in 68 families.
# Novotroitskoye, Ternovsky District, Voronezh Oblast

Novotroitskoye (Russian: Новотроицкое) is a rural locality (a village) and the administrative center of Novokirsanovskoye Rural Settlement, Ternovsky District, Voronezh Oblast, Russia. The population was 579 as of 2010. There are 9 streets.

## Geography

Novotroitskoye is located 20 km west of Ternovka (the district's administrative centre) by road. Rusanovo is the nearest rural locality.
# Novokirsanovka

Novokirsanovka (Russian: Новокирсановка) is a rural locality (a village) and the administrative center of Rusanovskoye Rural Settlement, Ternovsky District, Voronezh Oblast, Russia. The population was 408 as of 2010. There are 8 streets.

## Geography

Novokirsanovka is located 17 km south of Ternovka (the district's administrative centre) by road. Rzhavets is the nearest rural locality.
# Lesce-Bled railway station

Lesce-Bled railway station (Slovene: Železniška postaja Lesce Bled) is a railway station in the town of Lesce in the Upper Carniola region of northwestern Slovenia. It also serves the nearby town of Bled about 4 km away. It is operated by Slovenian Railways (SŽ).

## Description

Lesce-Bled station is situated on the Tarvisio–Ljubljana Railway which opened in 1870, although the section of line between Jesenice and Tarvisio closed in the 1960s. It is served by regional trains between Ljubljana and Jesenice, as well as international trains between Zagreb Glavni kolodvor and (via the Karawanks Tunnel) Villach Hauptbahnhof, many of which continue to Salzburg Hauptbahnhof, Munich Hauptbahnhof and Frankfurt Hauptbahnhof.
# Lipyagi, Voronezh Oblast

Lipyagi (Russian: Липяги) is a rural locality (a selo) in Narodnenskoye Rural Settlement, Ternovsky District, Voronezh Oblast, Russia. The population was 721 as of 2010. There are 5 streets.

## Geography

Lipyagi is located 24 km southeast of Ternovka (the district's administrative centre) by road. Narodnoye is the nearest rural locality.
# Chubrovka

Chubrovka (Russian: Чубровка) is a rural locality (a village) in Yesipovskoye Rural Settlement, Ternovsky District, Voronezh Oblast, Russia. The population was 131 as of 2010.

## Geography

Chubrovka is located 19 km northwest of Ternovka (the district's administrative centre) by road. Yesipovo is the nearest rural locality.
# Üçpınar, Kurtalan

Üçpınar (Kurdish: Bişer) is a village in the Kurtalan District of Siirt Province in Turkey. The village had a population of 513 in 2021.
The hamlets of Aşağıbeşir and Kargılı are attached to the village.
# Gaby Kerpel

Gaby Kerpel is a composer born and raised in Argentina.
Kerpel belongs to a Latin electronic music collective known as Zizek. Under the name King Coya he performs reinterpreted Colombian cumbia music.
As a composer, his songs include De La Guarda, Fuerza Bruta, and Carnabailito.