# Carbon nitride

Carbon nitrides are organic compounds consisting only of carbon and nitrogen atoms.

## Covalent network compounds

These materials are organic semiconductors. Due to its hydrogen-bonding motifs and electron-rich properties, this carbon material is considered a potential candidate for material applications in carbon supplementation.
* Beta carbon nitride - a solid with a formula β-C$_3$N$_4$, which is predicted to be harder than diamond.
* Graphitic carbon nitride - g-C$_3$N$_4$, with important catalytic and sensor properties.
* Dicyanodiazomethane (NC)$_2$C=N=N, the only C$_3$N$_4$ isomer studied experimentally
* Tricyanamide N(CN)$_3$ - C$_3$N$_4$ monomer (has never been prepared yet)
* Dicyanocarbodiimide NC−N=C=N−CN - another C$_3$N$_4$ monomer (was detected in products of photolysis of triazido-s-triazine).
* C$_3$N$_5$ - a combined triazole and triazine framework.
* MCN-12 (C$_3$N$_6$) and MCN-13 (C$_3$N$_7$).

## Azafullerenes

* Azafullerenes are a class of heterofullerenes in which the element substituting for carbon is nitrogen. Examples include (C$_{59}$N)$_2$ (biazafullerenyl), C$_{58}$N$_2$ (diaza[60]fullerene), C$_{57}$N$_3$ (triaza[60]fullerene) and C$_{48}$N$_{12}$.

## Cyanofullerenes

* Cyanofullerenes are a class of modified fullerenes in which cyano- groups are attached to a fullerene skeleton. These have the formula C$_{60}$(CN)$_{2n}$, where n takes the values 1 to 9.

## Cyanogen

* Cyanogen - C$_2$N$_2$ (N≡C−C≡N)
* Isocyanogen - C$_2$N$_2$ ($^−$C≡N$^+$−C≡N)
* Diisocyanogen - C$_2$N$_2$ ($^−$C≡N$^+$−$^+$N≡C$^−$)
* Paracyanogen - a cyanogen polymer, (NCCN)$_n$
* Paraisocyanogen - a cyanogen polymer, (CNCN)$_n$

## Percyanoalkynes, -alkenes and -alkanes

* dicyanoacetylene - C$_4$N$_2$ or N≡C−C≡C−C≡N, also called carbon subnitride or but-2-ynedinitrile
* tetracyanoethylene - C$_6$N$_4$ or (N≡C−)$_2$C=C(−C≡N)$_2$
* tetracyanomethane - C$_5$N$_4$ or C(−C≡N)$_4$
* 2,2-diisocyanopropanedinitrile - C$_5$N$_4$ or ($^−$C≡N$^+$−)$_2$C(−C≡N)$_2$ also called dicyano(diisocyano)methane
* hexacyanoethane - C$_8$N$_6$ or (N≡C−)$_3$C−C(−C≡N)$_3$
* hexacyanocyclopropane - C$_9$N$_6$ or cyclo-C$_3$(CN)$_6$
* hexacyanobutadiene - C$_{10}$N$_6$ or (N≡C−)$_2$C=C(−C≡N)−C(−C≡N)=C(−C≡N)$_2$

### Dicyanopolyynes

Dicyanopolyynes are composed of a chain of carbon atoms with alternating single and triple bonds, terminated by nitrogen atoms. Although not a polyyne, dicyanoacetylene (N≡C−C≡C−C≡N) fits within this series.
* C$_6$N$_2$ or N≡C(−C≡C−)$_2$C≡N, dicyanobutadiyne or dicyanodiacetylene
* C$_8$N$_2$ or N≡C(−C≡C−)$_3$C≡N, dicyanohexatriyne or dicyanotriacetylene
* C$_{10}$N$_2$ or N≡C(−C≡C−)$_4$C≡N, dicyanooxatetrayne or dicyanotetraacetylene
* C$_{12}$N$_2$ or N≡C(−C≡C−)$_5$C≡N, dicyanodecapentayne or dicyanopentaacetylene
* C$_{14}$N$_2$ or N≡C(−C≡C−)$_6$C≡N, dicyanododecahexayne or dicyanohexaacetylene
* C$_{16}$N$_2$ or N≡C(−C≡C−)$_7$C≡N, dicyanotetradecaheptayne or dicyanoheptaacetylene
* C$_{18}$N$_2$ or N≡C(−C≡C−)$_8$C≡N, dicyanohexadecaoctayne or dicyanooctaacetylene
* C$_{20}$N$_2$ or N≡C(−C≡C−)$_9$C≡N, dicyanooctadecanonayne or dicyanononaacetylene
* C$_{22}$N$_2$ or N≡C(−C≡C−)$_{10}$C≡N, dicyanoicosadecayne or dicyanodecaacetylene

## Perazidoalkynes, -alkenes and -alkanes

* tetraazidomethane - CN$_{12}$ or C(−N=N$^+$=N$^−$)$_4$

## Percyanoheterocycles

* pentacyanopyridine - C$_{10}$N$_6$
* tetracyanopyrazine - C$_8$N$_6$
* tricyanotriazine - C$_6$N$_6$
* tetracyano-bitriazine - C$_{10}$N$_{10}$
* dicyanotetrazine - C$_4$N$_6$
* hexacyanotrisimidazole - C$_{15}$N$_{12}$
* hexacyanohexaazatriphenylene - C$_{18}$N$_{12}$

## Aromatic cyanocarbons

* hexacyanobenzene - C$_{12}$N$_6$ or C$_6$(CN)$_6$
* octacyanonaphthalene - C$_{18}$N$_8$ or C$_{10}$(CN)$_8$
* decacyanoanthracene - C$_{24}$N$_{10}$ or C$_{14}$(CN)$_{10}$

## Other compounds

* cyanonitrene - CN$_2$ or [N≡C−N ⇌ $^−$N=C=N$^+$ ⇌ +N=C=N$^−$ ⇌ N−C≡N] (one of the nitrogens is univalent)
* azodicarbonitrile - C$_2$N$_4$ or N≡C−N=N−C≡N, cis and trans isomers
* cyanogen azide - CN$_4$ or N≡C−N=N$^+$=N$^−$
* 1-diazidocarbamoyl-5-azidotetrazole - C$_2$N$_{14}$
* 2,2′-azobis(5-azidotetrazole) - C$_2$N$_{16}$
* triazidotriazine (cyanuric triazide) - C$_3$N$_{12}$ (C$_3$N$_3$(N$_3$)$_3$)
* triazidoheptazine - C$_6$N$_{16}$ (C$_6$N$_7$(N$_3$)$_3$)
* tricyanomethanimine (dicyanomethylene-cyanamide) - C$_4$N$_4$ or N≡C−N=C(−C≡N)$_2$
* diazidodicyanoethylene - C$_4$N$_8$ or ($^−$N=N$^+$=N−)$_2$C=C(−C≡N)$_2$ and ($^−$N=N$^+$=N−)(N≡C−)C=C(−N=N$^+$=N$^−$)(−C≡N), cis and trans
* dicyanodiazomethane - C$_3$N$_4$ or (N≡C−)$_2$C=N$^+$=N$^−$
* dicyanocarbene - C$_3$N$_2$ or C$^{II}$(−C≡N)$_2$ (and isomers cyanoisocyanocarbene $^−$C≡N$^+$−C$^{II}$−C≡N, diisocyanocarbene $^−$C≡N$^+$−C$^{II}$−$^+$N≡C$^−$, 3-cyano-2H-azirenylidene and 3-isocyano-2H-azirenylidene)
* 1,3,5-triazido-2,4,6-tricyanobenzene - C$_9$N$_{12}$ (C$_6$(CN)$_3$(N$_3$)$_3$)
* nitrogen tricyanide N(−C≡N)$_3$ and carbon bis(cyanamide) N≡C−N=C=N−C≡N, two formal monomers of polymeric C$_3$N$_4$

## Anions and functional groups

* cyanide - $^−$C≡N ion, cyanide −C≡N and isocyanide −$^+$N≡C$^−$ functional groups
* dicyanamide - N(CN)−2 or $^−$N(−C≡N)$_2$
* tricyanomethanide - C(CN)−3 or $^−$C(−C≡N)$_3$
* pentacyanoethanide - C$_2$(CN)−5 or (N≡C−)$_2$C$^−$−C(−C≡N)$_3$
* pentacyanopropenide (pentacyanoallyl anion) - C$_3$(CN)−5
* 2-dicyanomethylene-1,1,3,3-tetracyanopropanediide C$_{10}$N2−6
* tricyanomelaminate anion - C$_3$N$_3$(NCN)3−3
* melonate - C$_6$N$_7$(NCN)3−3
* cyanofullerene anions - C$_{60}$(CN)$_n$$^−$ (n odd) and C$_{60}$(CN)$_n$$^{2−}$ (n even)
* cyanoacetlyide - C$_3$N$^−$ or $^−$C≡C−C≡N
* cyanobutadiynylide - C$_5$N$^−$ or $^−$C≡C−C≡C−C≡N
* cyanopolyynide anions - C$_n$N$^−$ (n odd)