OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Scipione Gentili

Scipione Gentili (Latin: Scipio Gentilis; 1563 – August 7, 1616) was an Italian law professor and a legal writer. One of his six brothers was Alberico Gentili, one of the fathers of international law.
Born at San Ginesio, Scipione Gentili left Italy at the age of 16 when he had to emigrate together with his father and his brother Alberico because of their Protestant beliefs. Together with his brother and his father, he settled in England, and, in the early 1580s, published several books with the London printer John Wolfe, all dedicated to Sir Philip Sidney. Of them, the most important was a partial Latin translation of Torquato Tasso's Gerusalemme Liberata. Scipione spent his life in Germany. He studied law at the universities of Tübingen, Wittenberg, Leiden, Heidelberg and Basel.
He reached the doctorate in 1589 and started to teach law at the university of Heidelberg. Quarrels with his Italian compatriot Giulio Pace made him leave Heidelberg and go to the German university in Altdorf bei Nürnberg. There, the famous jurist Hugues Doneau (Hugo Donellus, 1527–1591), who had been among his teachers at Leiden, procured him a professorship, which Scipione kept until his death.
While Alberico Gentili was, at least at the outset of his career, a staunch supporter of the traditional bartolist method of legal interpretation, Scipione was influenced by French jurists like Doneau and Jacques Cujas, who applied the methods of humanist philology to legal texts. Gentili's works, which fills eight quarto volumes in the 1763 edition, have not only legal writings but also wrote commentaries on St. Paul's Epistle to Philemon and on the Apologia of Lucius Apuleius as well as a translation into Latin of and Annotazioni (in Italian) on Torquato Tasso's epic Gerusalemme liberata. Among his legal works are two voluminous treatises De donationibus inter virum et uxorem (on donations between husband and wife, which were illegal and void under Roman law) and De jurisdictione (on jurisdiction). Gentili also edited the final part of Doneau's Commentarii de Iure Civili, thereby securing the completion of the influential work, which the author had not been able to finish before his death. Gentili rendered a similar service to his brother Alberico, whose Hispanica Advocatio he edited in 1613.
During his lifetime, Scipione Gentili was held in high esteem all over Europe. His fame probably even surpassed that of his brother. Pope Clement VIII is said to have offered him the possibility to return to Italy and to teach at Bologna without having to give up his Protestant beliefs, an offer that Gentili did not accept. However, after his death, Scipione Gentili was quickly forgotten. Unlike his brother Alberico, who was rediscovered in the 19th century, Scipione Gentili is still waiting for a re-evaluation of his work.
# Totibadze

Totibadze is a Georgian surname. It may refer to
* Georgy Konstantinovich Totibadze, Georgian painter (1928-2010)
* Georgy Georgevich Totibadze, Georgian and Russian painter (1967-present)
* Konstantin Totibadze, Georgian and Russian painter (1969-present), brother of Georgy Georgevich Totibadze
# Earl Humphrey

Earl Humphrey (September 9, 1902 – June 26, 1971) was an American jazz trombonist. He was the brother of noted New Orleans jazz players Willie Humphrey and Percy Humphrey.

## Career

Earl Humphrey learned to play trombone from his grandfather, and joined a traveling circus with his father in 1919. He traveled widely in the 1920s, and in 1927 recorded with Louis Dumaine. He played through the 1930s but retired to Virginia in the 1940s. In 1963, he returned to New Orleans, where he was urged to resume his musical career. He joined his brother Percy's band and played on a few albums, including Jazz City Studio. He recorded his first sessions as bandleader in the mid-1960s; Igor's Imperial Orchestra (1966) and Earl Humphrey & His Feetwarmers (1967) on the Center label.

## Personal life

Earl died at his home in New Orleans in 1971 at the age of 68.
# Miyan Velayat

Miyan Velayat (Persian: ميان ولايت) may refer to:
* Miyan Velayat District
* Miyan Velayat Rural District
# Tim Larkin

Tim or Timothy Larkin may refer to:
* Tim Larkin (composer), American video game composer
* Tim Larkin (self-defense), American self-defense expert
* Timothy F. Larkin (died 1960), American football player and coach
# Route nationale 1 (Niger)

The Route Nationale No. 1 is an important highway in Niger. It connects the east of the country to the west. RN1 runs approximately 1,200 km (750 mi) from Koutougou on the Mali border in the west to N'Guigmi in the east, via Tillabery, Niamey, Dosso, Maradi, Zinder, and Diffa. The first large paved section, between Gouré and N'Guigmi, was surfaced in 1971–72. This section, in the distant and sparsely populated east, is now the most degraded section and in part completely eroded. It was named the "Route de l'Unité" ("the Unity Highway") in the 1970s. By 1980, it was joined by the second longest all-weather road in Niger, the "Uranium Highway," running from Niamey to Arlit in the far north.
# Ursula Merkin

Ursula Merkin (1919–2006) was a German-born American philanthropist.

## Life and career

She was born in Frankfurt, Germany to Isaac Breuer, a noted German Rabbi, as Ursula (Sara) Breuer. In 1933, at the age of fourteen, she left Germany with her family for Palestine. She remained there with her father, to whom she was very close, until his death in Jerusalem in 1946, at the age of 63. Shortly thereafter, she emigrated to the United States, where she found a teaching position at a Jewish girls' school in Paterson, New Jersey.

## Family and charitable causes

In 1950 she met and married Hermann Merkin, a German-Jewish businessman, who was twelve years her senior. They had six children and were married for almost fifty years until his death in 1999 at the age of 91. Ursula and Hermann Merkin sponsored the New York venue Merkin Concert Hall and were involved in a variety of Yeshiva University functions as well as with other Jewish philanthropies. They were also deeply devoted to Fifth Avenue Synagogue, of which Hermann Merkin was the founding President.
Ursula Breuer Merkin was a granddaughter of Solomon Breuer, a great-granddaughter of Samson Raphael Hirsch, a great-granddaughter of Eliezer Liepman Philip Prins, and mother of writer Daphne Merkin and philanthropist J. Ezra Merkin. Her brothers were Jacob Breuer, and Mordechai Breuer. She was best known for her involvement with Reuth, an Israeli charity for the elderly. She maintained a strong tie to, and a great love for, the Holy Land until her death in 2006. She was known by most as "Ullah."

## Writing career

She also wrote a novel, Borrowed Lands, which was published by Rubin Mass Ltd. in 2000 in a second revised edition.

## Death

She died in New York City at the age of 86 after a bout with lung cancer.
# Svetoch

Svetoch (Russian: Светоч, Guiding Light) was a Russian monthly science and literature magazine published in Saint Petersburg in 1860-1862 by the publisher Dmitry Kalinovsky. Alexander Milyukov was its editor-in-chief.
A liberal publication, Svetoch advocated the ideas of moderate social reforms, supported the 1861 Emancipation Act and positioned itself as an intermediary between the feuding slavophiles and westerners in Russia. The translated works of foreign writers constituted the considerable part of its literary section. Among the Russian authors who contributed to Svetoch regularly, were Pyotr Weinberg, Apollon Grigoryev, Mikhail Dostoyevsky, Lev Mei, Dmitry Minayev, Alexey Pleshcheyev, Nikolai Strakhov, Nikolai Shcherbina. The Caricature Leaflet (Карикатурный листок) came out as a monthly supplement to Svetoch.
# Zeynal Khan

Zeynal Khan or Zainal Khan (Persian: زينل خان) may refer to:
* Zeynal Khan, Kermanshah
* Zeynal Khan, Kurdistan
# Newport bus station

Newport Central bus station (Welsh: Gorsaf fysiau Canol Casnewydd) is a bus terminus and interchange located in the city centre, Newport, South Wales. It is the largest road transport hub for public services in the county. It is situated on the Newport Market site and the adjacent Friars Walk site.

## Background

The Newport Bus Station was previously a 26-stand facility located to the south of the current site. The bus station was not popular, with only 1% of customers being 'very satisfied' with the facility in a 2009 survey. It was demolished in 2014 (and relocated) as part of the city centre redevelopment.

## Redevelopment

The bus station and surrounding area was part of the Friars Walk development scheme. A new 9-stand bus station was opened outside Newport Market in December 2013 and a second adjoining site with 15 stands, incorporated into the new Friars Walk shopping and leisure complex, was opened in December 2015.

## Layout

The bus station is set on large and open forecourts and the buses park facing the pickup point on arrival and reverse out on departure. The pedestrian areas are under cover, although not strictly 'inside'.

## Services

The Friars Walk site is used by Newport Bus services around the city as well as to Cwmbran, Chepstow and Monmouth. The market site is used by Newport Bus demand-responsive transport services, Phil Anslow services to Cwmbran, and Stagecoach South Wales services to Cwmbran, Pontypool and Blaenavon, Caerphilly, and Rogerstone, Risca and towns in the Sirhowy Valley. The Newport Bus and Cardiff Bus services to Cardiff have also temporarily departed from the market site since 2021.
Long-distance coach services do not depart from the bus station. Megabus services pick up from outside Newport railway station and National Express services from outside the Riverfront Arts Centre, on the other side of Kingsway from Friars Walk.

## Rail links

Newport railway station is an eight minute walk from the Friars Walk bus station, and six minutes from the Market Square stand nearby. From there, services are provided by Great Western Railway and Transport for Wales on the South Wales Main Line, Welsh Marches line and Ebbw Valley Railway.

## Facilities at the station

There is a selection of facilities at the bus station.
There is a covered walkway with lifts that links the station with the Friars Walk shopping centre as well as being located next to the former Debenhams and Supernews.
There are also public toilets located near the station.
# Bude Town F.C.

Bude Town Football Club is a football club based in Bude, Cornwall, England. They are currently members of the South West Peninsula League Premier Division West and play at Broadclose Park, Bude.

## History

Bude Town were formed in 1901. Prior to the 1990s, Bude joined the East Cornwall League, playing in the league until 2005, when they were relegated to the Duchy League. In 2006, the club was promoted back into the East Cornwall League. In 2013, Bude were promoted into the South West Peninsula League. In 2019, the club became founder members of the St Piran League. In 2022, the club was admitted into the South West Peninsula League Premier Division West.

## Ground

The club currently play at Broadclose Park, Bude, having played at the site since they were formed.
# Port of General Santos

The Port of General Santos (Filipino: Pantalan ng General Santos), also known as the Makar Port, is a seaport in General Santos in the Philippines.
The port is used to transport cargo in and out of General Santos, serving the wider Soccsksargen region. From 2008 until 2018, the seaport did not serve domestic passenger services. Passenger services was briefly resumed in October 2018 with 2Go Travel serving Davao City, Zamboanga City, Iloilo City, and Manila for eight months. 2go resumed its Davao City route by 2021. The Philippine Ports Authority is working to expand the seaport's passenger operations.
In September 2021, a new Port Operations Building (POB) complex for the seaport was inaugurated.
# Chonhar

Chonhar (Ukrainian: Чонгар), transliterated sometimes as Chongar (Russian: Чонгар), is a village on the Chonhar Peninsula, within the swampy region of Syvash, in Henichesk Raion, Kherson Oblast. The village is a seat of the Chonhar rural community (silrada). It belongs to Henichesk urban hromada, one of the hromadas of Ukraine. The village is just north of Chonhar Strait, which is part of the boundary between Kherson Oblast and Crimea.

## Geography

The village is on the Chonhar Peninsula in Kherson Oblast. It is just north of Chonhar Strait, a shallow waterway that separates the peninsula and mainland Ukraine from the isthmus of Crimea. Highway M18/E105 runs through the eastern end of the village and crosses a bridge over Chonhar Strait, parallel to an older, unused road bridge. The Chonhar bridge is one of three main hard surface routes to and from Crimea. The Novooleksiivka–Dzhankoi railway line runs through the eastern end of the village, then on to Syvash village and over a bridge across the sea to Crimea.

## History

On 27 February 2014, during the 2014 Crimean crisis, Berkut (special police) of Crimea occupied the checkpoint near Chonhar and neighbouring territory. After Russia annexed Crimea, the area became a de facto border patrolled by Berkut and Russian troops. By 27 December 2014 Russian forces had fully withdrawn from the Chonhar peninsula.
Chonhar was captured by Russian ground forces on the first day of the Russian Invasion of Ukraine phase of the Russo-Ukrainian War when they crossed into mainland Ukraine from already Russian-occupied Crimea.
The Highway M18/E105 bridge over Chonhar Strait was damaged on 22 June 2023 in an apparent Ukrainian missile strike.

## Demographics

As of the 2001 Ukrainian census, Chonhar had a population of 1,431 inhabitants. The native language composition was as follows:
First languages in Chonhar
percent
Ukrainian
59.3%
Russian
35.2%
Armenian
4.5%
Belarusian
0.3%
Moldovan
0.2%
others
0.5% :
# Olkhovsky (inhabited locality)

Olkhovsky (Russian: Ольховский; masculine), Olkhovskaya (Ольховская; feminine), or Olkhovskoye (Ольховское; neuter) is the name of several rural localities in Russia.

## Modern localities

* Olkhovsky, Krymsky District, Krasnodar Krai, a khutor in Kiyevsky Rural Okrug of Krymsky District of Krasnodar Krai
* Olkhovsky, Timashyovsky District, Krasnodar Krai, a khutor in Dneprovsky Rural Okrug of Timashyovsky District of Krasnodar Krai
* Olkhovsky, Kuybyshevsky District, Rostov Oblast, a khutor in Kuybyshevskoye Rural Settlement of Kuybyshevsky District of Rostov Oblast
* Olkhovsky, Ust-Donetsky District, Rostov Oblast, a khutor in Krymskoye Rural Settlement of Ust-Donetsky District of Rostov Oblast
* Olkhovsky, Bolshebabinsky Selsoviet, Alexeyevsky District, Volgograd Oblast, a khutor in Bolshebabinsky Selsoviet of Alexeyevsky District of Volgograd Oblast
* Olkhovsky, Solontsovsky Selsoviet, Alexeyevsky District, Volgograd Oblast, a khutor in Solontsovsky Selsoviet of Alexeyevsky District of Volgograd Oblast
* Olkhovsky, Kumylzhensky District, Volgograd Oblast, a khutor in Popovsky Selsoviet of Kumylzhensky District of Volgograd Oblast
* Olkhovsky, Nekhayevsky District, Volgograd Oblast, a khutor in Sokolovsky Selsoviet of Nekhayevsky District of Volgograd Oblast
* Olkhovsky, Dubovsky Selsoviet, Uryupinsky District, Volgograd Oblast, a khutor in Dubovsky Selsoviet of Uryupinsky District of Volgograd Oblast
* Olkhovsky, Zaburdyayevsky Selsoviet, Uryupinsky District, Volgograd Oblast, a khutor in Zaburdyayevsky Selsoviet of Uryupinsky District of Volgograd Oblast

## Renamed localities

* Olkhovsky, former name of Artyomovsk, a town in Kuraginsky District of Krasnoyarsk Krai
# Vyacheslav Gordanov

Vyacheslav Vyacheslavovich Gordanov (Russian: Вячеслав Вячеславович Горда́нов; 1902–1983) was a Soviet and Russian cinematographer. He worked on the 1949 film Ivan Pavlov.

## Selected filmography

* Lenin Address (1929)
* Thunderstorm (1933)
* Peter the Great (1937-1938)
* Masquerade (1941)
* A Mitten (1942)
* In the Name of Life (1946)
* Ivan Pavlov (1949)
# Golem, Fier

Golem is a former municipality in the Fier County, western Albania. At the 2015 local government reform it became a subdivision of the municipality Lushnjë. The population at the 2023 census was 3,529.
# Alireza Siasirad

Seyed Alireza Siasirad (Persian: سید علیرضا سیاسی‌راد) is an Iranian businessman and reformist politician. He is currently the deputy secretary-general of Executives of Construction Party, and formerly served as the secretary-general of Iron Ore Producers' and Exporters' Association of Iran (IROPEX).
# Pattoki railway station

Pattoki Railway Station (Urdu and Punjabi: پتوکی ریلوے اسٹیشن) is located in Pattoki city, Kasur district of Punjab province of the Pakistan.
# Khorramabad-e Sofla

Khorramabad-e Sofla (Persian: خرم اباد سفلي) may refer to:
* Khorramabad-e Sofla, Kermanshah
* Khorramabad-e Sofla, Razavi Khorasan
# Ordinary Failures

Ordinary Failures (Czech: Běžná selhání) is a 2022 sci-fi drama film directed by Cristina Groşan. It is a co-production between Czech Republic, Hungary, Italy and Slovakia.
The film premiered at the Venice Days section of the 79th edition of the Venice Film Festival.

## Cast

* Taťjana Medvecká as Hana
* Beáta Kaňoková as Silva
* Nora Klimešová as Tereza
* Vica Kerekes as Edita
* Adam Berka as David
* Rostislav Novák jr. as Stanislav
* Jana Stryková as Karolína
* Luboš Veselý as Václav
# Nikuštak

Nikuštak (Macedonian: Никуштак, Albanian: Nikushtak) is a village in the municipality of Lipkovo, North Macedonia.

## Demographics

As of the 2021 census, Nikuštak had 1,572 residents with the following ethnic composition:
* Albanians 1,536
* Persons for whom data are taken from administrative sources 36
According to the 2002 census, the village had a total of 1,748 inhabitants. Ethnic groups in the village include:
* Albanians 1,744
* Macedonians 1
* Others 3
# Lozhkin

Lozhkin (Russian: Ложкин, from ложка meaning spoon) is a Russian masculine surname, its feminine counterpart is Lozhkina. It may refer to
* Aleksey Lozhkin (born 1974), Belarusian ice hockey player
* Andrei Lozhkin (born 1984), Russian football player
* Andrei Lozhkin (ice hockey) (born 1985), Russian ice hockey player
* Boris Lozhkin (born 1971), Ukrainian businessman and politician
* Nikita Lozhkin (born 1991), Russian ice hockey goaltender
# Nilofar Bayat

Nilofar Bayat (Persian: نیلوفر بیات) is an Afghan lawyer and wheelchair basketball player and activist who has taken refuge in Spain.

## Early life

She grew up in a nontraditional family, which allowed her to play basketball and study law in Kabul, even as a woman and despite having a disability. When she was two years old, a rocket from the Taliban regime hit her house in Kabul damaging her spinal cord, something that completely changed her family and her way of life.
Two days after the Taliban entered Kabul in 2021, Bayat decided to leave for her life. She launched an SOS through journalist friends of his. Antonio Pampliega helped her get out of Kabul, spreading her story through social media and lobbying the Spanish government to grant him a pass to evacuate her from Kabul, along with her husband. On August 20, 2021, they flew to Spain on a Spanish armed forces plane together with a hundred people. She is also entered to the 100 women list of BBC in 2021.
# Jessie Holliday

Jessie Holliday (5 February 1884 – 17 June 1915) was an English artist and suffragette.

## Life

Holliday's father was Henry Holliday and mother, Eliza Matilda Denman. He was Secretary of the Iron and Steel Company.
Aged thirteen, she went to the Quaker school, Polam Hall, for three years. She then entered the Cope & Nichols school of painting at South Kensington. There, she developed a talent for drawing and painting receiving a silver medal for drawing. From 1903 to 1906, she was at the Royal Academy School of art. She returned to the Royal Academy School between 1906 and 1908 for a second term.
Holliday married Edmund Trowbridge Dana, a grandson of the poet Longfellow, in 1912.

## Artistic career

The following year she began to portraiture in earnest, tackling many important socialist figures and leading thinkers. Amongst them were Clifford Allen, Hugh Dalton, Dr Somerville Hastings, the Labour MP for Reading, P.S. Florence, the statistician, and Lady Constance Lytton, the leading militant suffragette. She went on to include as her sitters George Bernard Shaw, Sidney and Beatrice Webb, and Blank Whites.
She became a leading light of the early Summer School Movement at which Fabian intellectuals gathered.
Holliday supported the Food Reform Movement; part of which was her own personal contribution by becoming a vegetarian. At the time of her move to American she was a well known as a watercolourist and for her drawings.

## Death

Holliday committed suicide by drowning at Cliff Beach, Nantucket on 17 June 1915, aged thirty-one years.
# Suncheon Bay Garden Expo 2013

The Suncheon Bay Garden Expo 2013 (Korean: 2013순천만국제정원박람회; Hanja: 2013順天灣國際庭園博覽會) was the first of its kind to be held in Korea. The Expo focused on green technology development such as solar energy, sustainable garden development and electric transportation. It showcased green technologies, international garden exhibits, and wetland conservation. It was held in jointly in Suncheon and Suncheon Bay.

## Exposition Overview

* Duration: 2013. Apr. 20 ~ 2013. Oct. 20 (6 months)
* Theme: The Garden of Earth
* Location: Around Suncheon Bay, Korea
* Area: 1,527,000 m$^2$ (152.7 ha)
* Exhibitions - Various eco-parks such as World gardens, arboretum, International wetland center, etc.
* Estimated visitors: 5 million visitors
* personal rapid transit to convey visitors from the Garden Expo site to Suncheon Bay.

## Objectives

* Develop Suncheon Bay, one of the world's top five coastal wetlands and the most well- preserved coastal wetland in the world, into a unique eco garden.
* Develop Suncheon Bay into a representative brand of Korea that is highly recognizable by citizens of the world.
* Build a reservoir to prevent floods and natural disasters.
* Maximize the economic value through developing green industries (forestry, floriculture, and gardening) and ecotourism.

## Title

* The Title - Garden of the Earth - symbolizes the value and characteristic of Suncheon Bay, preserved as one of the best natural gardens of the world.
# Pilai Poonswad

Pilai Poonswad (born 23 November 1946) is an ornithologist, microbiologist and conservation biologist from Thailand. Her work has been on the ecology and conservation of hornbills. She is an emeritus professor of biology at the department of microbiology in Mahidol University.
Poonswad was born in 1946 and studied nuclear physics for her graduate diploma at Chulalongkorn University before a master's degree in microbiology and a D.Sc. from Osaka City University. She began to study hornbills in 1978 after acting as a guide to a BBC filming team in Khao Yai National Park. She noted the decline of hornbills and the destruction of forests and in an innovative project recruited poachers who had an intimate knowledge of forests and their animals to help in conservation. She received a Rolex Award in 2006, and the Dushdi Mala Medal from the Thai King Bhumibhol (King Rama IX) in 2007.
# Faina Kotkova

Faina Vasilyevna Kotkova (Russian: Фаина Васильевна Коткова; 6 April 1933, Vyazniki – 4 June 2020, Vyazniki) was a Soviet and Russian weaver and labour leader. She was invested with the Order of the Badge of Honour in 1966, the Order of the October Revolution in 1971, the Order of the Red Banner of Labour in 1974, and the Order of Lenin in 1980 by the Soviet Union.