OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# James Gowans (rugby union)

Major James Gowans, DSO (23 April 1872 – 14 March 1936) was an English-born sportsman who played international rugby union as a wing for Scotland and as a cricketer represented Marylebone Cricket Club.

## Personal history

Gowans was born in Westoe, South Shields in 1872 to Dr. William Gowans of Westoe House. He was educated at Harrow before matriculating to Clare College, Cambridge in 1890. Gowans joined the British Army as an officer in the Durham Artillery Militia, a militia regiment, where he was promoted to captain on 13 May 1896. He volunteered for active service fighting in South Africa during the Second Boer War, and left Southampton with other men of the regiment in the SS Umbria in March 1900. From March to June 1900 he served in operations around Natal and later around the Zululand Frontier, including the defence of Forts Itala and Prospect, and the following year he was promoted to the rank of major on 9 November 1901. For his actions during the conflict he was mentioned in dispatches (final despatch by Lord Kitchener dated 23 June 1902) and also received the Distinguished Service Order (DSO), the Queen's South Africa Medal with three clasps and the King's South Africa Medal with two clasps.
In 1902 he married Erin Laura Muriel, daughter of William Wheelwright of Durban, and settled in South Africa.
Gowans served his country again during the First World War, serving as a temporary lieutenant colonel in the Royal Field Artillery, and was mentioned in despatches on another two occasions.

## Rugby career

Gowans first came to note as a rugby player when he represented Cambridge University whilst a student at Clare College. He played in two Varsity Matches in 1892 and 1893, winning two sporting 'Blues'. Gowans played his rugby on the wing and was first capped for Scotland, while still a Cambridge student, in the 1893 Home Nations Championship, against Wales. His seven others caps for Scotland were also in Home Nations encounters and he took part in their successful 1895 campaign where they claimed their first ever Triple Crown. It was during the 1895 tournament that Gowens scored his first international points, scoring a match winning try in the encounter with Wales. He would score one more try, in his final match, during the 1896 game against England.

## Cricket career

In 1891, Gowans played a first-class cricket match for the Marylebone Cricket Club against Cambridge University. Playing as a wicket-keeper, he top scored in their first innings with 40 and wasn't required to bat in the second. The bowler who dismissed him, Cyril Wells, was also a rugby union international, representing England.
# Temenggor Dam

The Temenggor Dam or Temenggor Hydro-Electric Project or Temenggor Power Station (Malay: Empangan Temenggor) is a dam in Gerik, Perak, Malaysia. It is located on Perak River about 200 km northeast of Ipoh. Construction of the dam impounded Temenggor Lake.

## Power station

The power station is a hydroelectric power station, using 4 Hitachi turbines of 87 MW installed capacity and the average annual energy generation 900 million units. The station is operated by Tenaga Nasional. Since 1987 Temenggor has been unmanned and is remotely operated via a SCADA system at the Bersia Group Control Centre. In the late 1990s, facilities were added to enable automatic generation control by TNB's National Load Despatch Centre in Kuala Lumpur.

## Overview

Construction started in January 1974 and completed in mid-1978. The first unit commissioned on 1 October 1977.

## Technical specifications

The permanent dam components are as follows:
* Main Dam
** Maximum height above foundation of 128 metres (420 ft), and crest length of 537 metres (1,762 ft), volume of fill is 70.9 million cubic metres.
** Crest elevation is 258 metres (846 ft) above sea level (ASL), Full Supply Level (FSL) is at EL 248.42mSLE, average operating level is at EL244.00mSLE, minimum operating level for Unit 1, Unit 3 and Unit 4 is at EL 236.5mSLE. For Unit 2, it can go down to EL 221mSLE.
** Reservoir area at 245 metres (804 ft) ASL is 152 square kilometres (59 sq mi). Storage volume is 5,300 million cubic meters at EL 244.00mSLE. At FSL total storage is 6,050 million cubic meters.
* Power Intake Structure - 4 bays.
* Spillway- free flow spillway, weir with chute and flip bucket.
** Maximum discharge capacity at Reservoir Flood Level at EL 252.00mSLE is 2830m3/s. At this elevation the dam is holding 890million cubic meters of flood water or equivalent to 3months of annual average rainfall. This water will be discharge to downstream gradually in not less than one month.
* Power Tunnels - 4 tunnels.
** Length about 850 ft
** Average diameter 5.5m, steel lined
* Powerhouse
** surface powerhouse
** with 4 penstocks to powerhouse comprising 4 turbines of 87MW each, 4 air-cooled generators of 100MVA each and 4 transformers of 100MVA each.
** Turbine type is vertical Francis, manufactured by HITACHI of Japan. Turbine shaft rated output is about 90MW at rated gross head of 101m.
** Maximum plant discharge is 4X100m3/s.
** Plant rated annual energy production is 870GWh based on annual rainfall of 3,700 million cubic metres.
Temenggor Dam is now the third largest dam in Malaysia. It was the largest dam and largest hydroelectric generation facility upon completion in 1979, before being overtaken by the Kenyir Dam in 1985. It holds a special place in the history of Malaysia for its military role in flooding the Upper Perak River and cutting off the communist terrorists' infiltration route from the Betong salient in Thailand.
# Yaeko Nogami

Yaeko Nogami (野上 弥生子, Nogami Yaeko, 6 May 1885 – 30 March 1985) was the pen-name of a novelist of the Shōwa period Japan. Her maiden name was Kotegawa Yae.

## Early life

Nogami was born in Usuki in Oita prefecture as the daughter of a wealthy sake brewer. She was taught at home by private tutors, including Kubo Kaizo, who introduced her to classic Chinese literature, classic Japanese literature and taught her the art of writing tanka poetry. She met the novelist Kinoshita Naoe, who persuaded her to enter the Meiji-Jogakkō, a Christian-orientated girls’ school in Tokyo. While a student in Tokyo, she met Nogami Toyoichirō, a student of Noh drama and English literature under Natsume Sōseki. They were married in 1906, but she continued to work towards literary recognition. Her first published work was a short story Enishi ("Ties of Love") in the literary magazine Hototogisu in 1907.

## Literary career

In the 1910s, Nogami submitted poems and short stories to the mainstream literary journal Chuo Koron, Shincho, and to the feminist magazine Seito, and gained a substantial following with fans of the proletarian literature movement. She maintained a correspondence with fellow female writers Yuasa Yoshiko and Miyamoto Yuriko, with whom she shared the sentiment that literature must serve a purpose towards increasing morality and social activism. In 1922, she published Kaijin maru ("The Neptune", tr. 1957), a shocking semi-factual account of four men in the crew of a wrecked fishing boat who must struggle with the choice of starvation or cannibalism. This novel was adapted into the 1962 film Ningen directed by Kaneto Shindo.
Nogami started to explore historical fiction in the 1920s, with Oishi Yoshio, a story about one of the Forty-seven Ronin in 1926. That same year, she and her husband translated Jane Austen's novel Pride and Prejudice into Japanese, which was the first translation of Austen into Japanese. Nogami liked Pride and Prejudice so much that in 1928 she published a novel, Machiko, that reset Pride and Prejudice in Taishō era Japan, with the heroine Machiko who was inspired by Elizabeth Bennet, the hero Mr. Kawai who was based on Mr. Darcy, and the villain Seki who was based on Wickham.
As the Japanese government turned increasingly toward totalitarianism and it appeared that war was inevitable, she and her husband traveled to Europe where they witnessed the outbreak of the Spanish Civil War and ominous signs that would lead up to World War II. They returned to Japan prior to the outbreak of World War II, and she concentrated on her writing. In the post-war period, she resumed her contacts with Miyamoto Yuriko, and joined her in the foundation of the Shin Nihon Bungakukai.
Her postwar output was prolific and varied, including the Yomiuri Prize-winning 1957 novel Meiro (迷路) and Hideyoshi to Rikyu ("Hideyoshi and Rikyu", 1962–1963), in which she explores the relationship between artist and patron (in this case Toyotomi Hideyoshi and Sen no Rikyū). The latter novel was adapted into the film Rikyu by Japanese director Hiroshi Teshigahara.
# Trablice

Trablice is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Kowala, within Radom County, Masovian Voivodeship, in east-central Poland. It lies approximately 6 kilometres (4 mi) north-east of Kowala, 7 km (4 mi) south-west of Radom, and 97 km (60 mi) south of Warsaw.
# Andrew Robertson (miniaturist)

Andrew Robertson (1777–1845) was a Scottish miniaturist painter.

## Biography

Andrew Robertson was born in Aberdeen in 1777. He was the brother of Alexander and Archibald Robertson, who were also painters.

## Works

Robertson's self-portrait hangs in the National Portrait Gallery, London.
Robertson created a new style of miniature portrait that became dominant by the middle of the nineteenth century; at least four examples are held in the Victoria and Albert Museum. He broke with previous styles, particularly the work of Richard Cosway, and was critical of these earlier painters, describing their works as 'pretty things but not pictures'. Robertson's style included larger and more detail paintings, usually rectangular, and with a use of paint trying to emulate large oils on canvas, adding more gum to the paint to give it a greater lustre and depth of colour.
# Zadran District

Zadran District (Pashto: د ځدراڼ ولسوالۍ) is a district of Paktia Province, Afghanistan. The district is within the heartland of the Zadran tribe of Pashtuns. The soccer player Djelaludin Sharityar was born in Zadran. The estimated population is 27,007 (2019).
# Dean Glenesk

Dean William Glenesk (born September 22, 1957) is an American former modern pentathlete.

## Olympics

Glenesk qualified for the 1980 U.S. Olympic team but was unable to compete due to the U.S. Olympic Committee's boycott of the 1980 Summer Olympics in Moscow, Russia. He was one of 461 athletes to receive a Congressional Gold Medal many years later. He did, however, compete in the 1984 Summer Olympics, winning a silver medal in the team event.
# Malokurilskoye

Malokurilskoye (Russian: Малокури́льское) is a village (selo) on Shikotan island in Yuzhno-Kurilsky District, Sakhalin Oblast, Russia. Population: 1,100 (2007), 1,873 (2010).
Ostrovnoy canning factory is the main employer in the village.

## Landmarks

In 2005, on the 60th anniversary of the Soviet Annexation of the Kuril Islands at the end of World War 2, an IS-2 tank was installed.

## Transportation

Connected by a 9 km-long (5.6 mi) road with the village of Krabozavodskoye. On January 1, 2016, for the first time in history of the island, public transport began to operate on it - the bus "s.Krabozavodskoye - Malokurilskoye." The route is served by two PAZ buses owned by Shikotansky Vodokanal LLC.
# Yashchera

The Yashchera (Russian: Ящера) is a river in Luzhsky District of Leningrad Oblast, Russia, a right tributary of the Luga. The length of the Yashchera is 78 kilometres (48 mi), and the area of its drainage basin is 655 square kilometres (253 sq mi). The tributaries are the Lyubanka and the Lutinka (left), the Dolgusha and the Vladychkinskaya (Kamenka) (right).
The source of the Yashchera is in the northwest of Luzhsky District, west of the railway station of Divenskaya. The river flows south, turns east, then turns south again and subsequently southwest. The mouth of the Yashera is 177 kilometres (110 mi) upstream the Luga, northwest of the urban-type settlement of Tolmachyovo. The Yashchera mostly flows over deserted and swampy areas.
The drainage basin of the Yashchera includes areas in the north of Luzhsky District and in the south of Gatchinsky District of Leningrad Oblast. In particular, it includes the system of Lake Vyalye and Lake Strechno, the biggest lakes in the area. A part of Mshinskoye Boloto Zakaznik lies in the basin of the Yashchera, east of the river course.
# The Final Game (1998 film)

The Final Game is a 1998 German thriller film directed by Sigi Rothemund. It was written by Timo Berndt and Borris Brandt.

## Plot

70,000 football fans have streamed into the Berlin Olympic Stadium to see the final of the DFB-Pokal.
Suddenly the stadium's security center is attacked by armed terrorists who take five people hostage.
A few minutes before the end of the game the gang leader, Kant, orders his men to close and lock all exits from the stadium.
A mass panic ensues among the crowd.
Tobias Bender, the head of stadium security, rises to the challenge.

## Cast

* Francis Fulton-Smith as Tobias Bender
* Christoph Waltz as Kant
* Axel Milberg as Deutler
* Nele Mueller-Stöfen as Jacky
* Thure Riefenstein as Flamenco
* Armin Rohde as Harry Andresen
* Andreas Mannkopff
* Marek Wlodarczyk
* Veit Stübner
* Michael Schiller
* Ottokar Lehrner
* Alexander Reed
* Steffen Groth
* Peer Martiny
* Michael Ehnert as SEK-Chef Fischer
* Igor Jeftic
* Nina Rothemund
* Frank Zimmermann as Polizist

## Production

Some of the scenes were shot on 1 March 1998 at the Bundesliga match Hertha BSC against Hansa Rostock.

## Release

The film premiered on 9 June 1998 as a TV movie on Pro 7 under the German title Das Finale. In Hungary it had a theatrical release on 12 April 2005.
# Kumiz

Kumiz (Persian: كوميز) may refer to:
* Kumiz, Hormozgan
* Kumiz, Razavi Khorasan
# Mitiță Constantinescu

Mitiţă Constantinescu (October 20, 1890—1946) was a Romanian economist and liberal politician. He was an advocate of industrialization and a degree of dirigisme.

## Biography

Born in Bucharest, he graduated from the Gheorghe Lazăr High School and from the University of Bucharest's Faculty of Law. Applying for a doctorate in Paris, Constantinescu was forced to postpone it after Romania entered World War I, being drafted into the Romanian Army.
In 1918, he was awarded his first high-ranking administrative position, as chief of staff in the Ministry of Industry and Commerce in the National Liberal Party (PNL) cabinet of Ion I. C. Brătianu; Constantinescu held the office of General Secretary in of the Ministry of Agriculture and Royal Domains in a new Brătianu administration (1922–1926), was a PNL deputy for Hunedoara County in 1927-1933, and, between 1935 and 1940, Governor of the National Bank of Romania. In 1939, under the authoritarian regime established by King Carol II and his National Renaissance Front, he was Romania's Minister of Finance.
Retreating from public life during World War II, in protest against Ion Antonescu's fascist dictatorship (see Romania during World War II), Constantinescu was a member of Romania's Gheorghe Tătărescu-led delegation to the Paris Peace Conference (1946). During his later years, he became close to the Romanian Communist Party, created a minor political party named Liga Patrioţilor (League of Patriots) which described itself as "progressive" (and was ultimately led by the communist Petre Constantinescu-Iaşi), and authored a volume supportive of Stalinism and the Soviet Union (Continentul URSS, "The USSR Continent").
A hall at the National Bank is named after him.
# Ilya Deriglazov

Ilya Aleksandrovich Deriglazov (Russian: Илья Александрович Дериглазов; born 27 November 1983) is a former Russian professional football player.

## Club career

He played in the Russian Football National League for FC Lada Togliatti in 2006.
# Ulaagchinii Khar Nuur National Park

Ulaagchinii Khar Nuur National Park (Mongolian: Улаагчийн Хар Нуур) is centered on two large freshwater lakes, Bayan Lake to the west, and Ulaagchin Khar Lake 50 km to the east, in west-central Mongolia. The particular 'Khar Lake' of this park is in Zavkhan Province, located in a depression west of the Tarvagatai Mountains. Ulaagchin Khar is surrounded by sand dunes and mountains.

## Topography

Both lakes are located in the Great Lakes Depression area of western Mongolia, with the Tarvagatai range of the Khangai Mountains immediately to the east. The larger of the lakes, Ulaagchinii Khar Nuur, is freshwater and bordered by sand dunes and local hills to the south. It is 23 km west to east and 5 km north to south, and has a small lake, Baga Lake, to its northwest. 60 km to the west is Bayan Lake. The lakes are at an altitude of about 2,000 meters (6,600 ft).

## Climate and ecoregion

The climate of the area is Cold semi-arid climate (Köppen climate classification (BSk)). This climate is characteristic of steppe climates intermediary between desert humid climates, and typically have precipitation above evapotranspiration. At least one month averages below 0 °C (32 °F).

## Flora and fauna

the area is a cold semi-desert. A number of rare waterbirds have been noted at the site, including the endangered White-headed duck (Oxyura leucocephala), the vulnerable Great bustard (Otis tarda), and the vulnerable White-throated bush chat (Saxicola insignis).
# Dušan Čkrebić

Dušan Čkrebić (Serbian Cyrillic: Душан Чкребић; 7 August 1927 – 7 April 2022) was a Serbian politician who served as the Prime Minister, President of the Assembly and President of the Socialist Republic of Serbia.

## Biography

Čkrebić was born in Niš, Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes on 7 August 1927, and he served in the 1st Proletarian Brigade of the Yugoslav Partisans during World War II.
In 1947, he began studying aeronautics in the Soviet Union, and he became the general manager of a soda factory in Lukavac in 1958. From 1974 to 1978, he served as Prime Minister of SR Serbia, and then as President of the Assembly from 1978 to 1982.
In 1982, he became a member of the Central Committee of the League of Communists of Yugoslavia.
Following Milošević's purge of the League of Communists of Serbia and unconstitutional consolidation of power within the republic in 1987, the Central Committee of the League of Communists of Yugoslavia responded by holding confidence votes in 1988. Čkrebić, widely viewed as a Milošević ally, was the only sitting member to lose his vote of no confidence; he thereafter resigned from the Committee. Milošević himself was exempt from facing a similar vote because he held leadership over the League of Communists of Serbia. Čkrebić thus retired from politics in 1990.
Čkrebić died on 7 April 2022.
# The Italian Job (soundtrack)

The Italian Job is the soundtrack to the 1969 film which was composed and arranged by Quincy Jones and released on the Paramount label.
The lyrics to "On Days Like These" and "Getta Bloomin' Move On! (The Self Preservation Society)" were written by Don Black. "Getta Bloomin' Move On! (The Self Preservation Society)" was the closing theme of the film and was performed by members of the cast; the lyrics feature Cockney rhyming slang. Many incidental themes are based on English patriotic songs, such as "Rule, Britannia!", "The British Grenadiers" and "God Save the Queen".

## Reception

The Vinyl Factory opined, "It may seem like a hodgepodge of quirky film cues, baroque harpsichord bits and lounge (Matt Monro's silky turn on 'On Days Like These'), but this album is really a brilliant mash-up of styles ... There is samba, there is country, there is harpsichord, there are a bunch of blokes shouting in cockney; it's the sounds of the Swinging '60s in a 29-minute nutshell".

## Track listing

All music composed by Quincy Jones except otherwise indicated
* "On Days Like These" (Don Black, Quincy Jones) – 3:40
* "Something's Cookin'" – 2:30
* "Hello Mrs. Beckerman!" – 1:02
* "Britannia and Mr. Bridger – If You Please" – 2:00
* "Trouble for Charlie" – 1:47
* "On Days Like These" – 3:09
* "It's Caper Time (The Self Preservation Society)" – 3:13
* "Meanwhile, Back In the Mafia" – 1:23
* "Smell That Gold!" – 1:32
* "Greensleeves and All That Jazz" (Traditional; arr Jones) – 2:06
* "On Days Like These" – 1:14
* "Getta Bloomin' Move On! (The Self Preservation Society)" (Black, Jones) – 3:56

## Personnel

* Unidentified orchestra arranged and conducted by Quincy Jones
* Gil Bernal − vocals (track 10)
* Matt Monro – vocals on "On Days Like These"
* Michael Caine et al – vocals on "Getta Bloomin' Move On! (The Self Preservation Society)"
* Peter King – saxophone
* Christopher Whorf – art direction
* Duffy Power – harmonica
# Macapagal Boulevard

Macapagal Boulevard, also known as President Diosdado Macapagal Boulevard and Macapagal Avenue, is an eight-lane road in Metro Manila, Philippines, running parallel to Roxas Boulevard from the Cultural Center of the Philippines Complex in Pasay to Asia World City in Parañaque. It is named after former Philippine President Diosdado Macapagal. This road has three major bridges, crossing the 'channels', of which the largest is the Libertad Channel, where the Libertad Water Pumping Station is situated. After the intersection reconfiguring around EDSA to relieve traffic, Macapagal Boulevard is now often used to access the SM Mall of Asia to the north and Cavite to the south. It is also the main major road in Metro Manila's reclamation area, Bay City.

## Route description

Macapagal Boulevard commences at the intersection with Gil Puyat Avenue Extension near the Cultural Center of the Philippines Complex in Pasay as the logical continuation of Magdalena Jalandoni Street. It heads south across Financial Center consisting of the World Trade Center Metro Manila at the intersection and the Philippine National Bank headquarters. South of the Libertad channel, the boulevard enters Central Business Park 1-A, the location of Metropolitan Park and the SM Central Business Park, intersecting with Epifanio de los Santos Avenue (EDSA) before entering the Aseana City development. At Asean Avenue, Macapagal traverses the Entertainment City gaming complex with Solaire Resort & Casino and City of Dreams Manila (formerly Belle Grande Manila), dominating this stretch to Seaside Drive, an extension of NAIA Road. Near the Seaside Boulevard junction at Central Business Park 2 are the NAIA Expressway ramps that provide access to Ninoy Aquino International Airport and connect it to the Metro Manila Skyway. It crosses Pacific Avenue near Marina Baytown East village, where most traffic turns left towards the Manila–Cavite Expressway. Macapagal Boulevard ends at the southern coast of Asiaworld, with the Las Piñas–Parañaque Critical Habitat and Ecotourism Area as the terminating vista.

## Landmarks

* Ayala Malls Manila Bay
* Blue Bay Walk
* City of Dreams Manila
* Dampa Seafood Market
* Department of Foreign Affairs–Office of Consular Affairs Building
* DoubleDragon Plaza
* HK Sun Plaza
* Hobbies of Asia
* Icon Hotel
* Manila Tytana Colleges
* Marina Bay Village
* Met Live Mall (built on the former site of Blue Wave Macapagal)
* Parañaque Integrated Terminal Exchange
* Philippine National Bank Financial Center
* Sentosia Condominiums
* W Mall
* World Trade Center Metro Manila
* Department of Foreign Affairs–Office of Consular Affairs Building
* Doña Eva Macapagal Bridge
* Blue Bay Walk Pasay
* Philippine National Bank
* Ayala Malls Manila Bay
* W Mall
# Eumegistus

Eumegistus is a small genus of pomfrets found in the Atlantic and Pacific oceans.

## Species

There are currently two recognized species in this genus:
* Eumegistus brevorti (Poey, 1860) (Tropical pomfret)
* Eumegistus illustris D. S. Jordan & E. K. Jordan, 1922 (Brilliant pomfret)