OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Carex arcta

Carex arcta is a species of sedge known by the common name northern cluster sedge. It is native to northern North America including most of Canada and northern parts of the United States. It grows in wet areas, especially in coniferous forests. This sedge produces dense clumps of erect stems up to about 80 centimetres (31 in) high. The leaves are pale green to grayish, flat, and have reddish or purple-dotted sheaths at the base, and they are sometimes longer than the stems. The inflorescence is a dense, oblong cluster of up to 15 spikes of pointed flowers, each cluster up to 3–4 cm (1.2–1.6 in) long and each individual spike up to 1 cm (0.39 in) long. The fruit is covered in a sac called a perigynium which is greenish and veined with a reddish tip.
# Kozhva (inhabited locality)

Kozhva (Russian: Кожва) is the name of several urban localities in Russia.

## Modern localities

* Kozhva, an urban-type settlement under the administrative jurisdiction of the town of republic significance of Pechora in the Komi Republic; 65°7′N 57°3′E﻿ / ﻿65.117°N 57.050°E﻿ / 65.117; 57.050

## Alternative names

* Kozhva, alternative name of Izyayu, an urban-type settlement under the administrative jurisdiction of Kozhva Urban-Type Settlement Administrative Territory under the administrative jurisdiction of the town of republic significance of Pechora in the Komi Republic; 65°7′N 56°59′E﻿ / ﻿65.117°N 56.983°E﻿ / 65.117; 56.983
* Kozhva, alternative name of Ust-Kozhva, a village under the administrative jurisdiction of Kozhva Urban-Type Settlement Administrative Territory under the administrative jurisdiction of the town of republic significance of Pechora in the Komi Republic; 65°9′N 57°0′E﻿ / ﻿65.150°N 57.000°E﻿ / 65.150; 57.000
# Ogarev Arena

The Ogarev Arena (Russian: Огарёв Арена) is a multifunctional sports venue in Saransk, the capital of the Republic of Mordovia, Russian Federation. Constructed in 2021, it consists of two tiers and can accommodate up to 7,500 spectators. It is primarily equipped for hockey and ice skating, and includes gyms and choreographic halls.
Initially named Saransk Arena (Russian: Саранск Арена), it was laid down in 2011 but was only completed a decade later, and was opened on 25 December 2021. On 1 November 2022, the venue was transferred to N.P. Ogarev Mordovia State University and became federal property. Following a public vote on social media on 3 April 2023, the arena was renamed to "Ogarev Arena".
The 2024 Russian Junior Figure Skating Championships was held in the venue.
# RAF Graveley

Royal Air Force Graveley or more simply RAF Graveley is a former Royal Air Force station located 5 miles (8 km) south of Huntingdon. The station was originally intended to operate under No. 3 Group RAF, alongside RAF Tempsford and RAF Gransden Lodge.

## Station history

Work on the site started in 1941, and it was opened as an operational base in March 1942 with No. 161 Squadron flying Westland Lysander aircraft under No. 3 Group RAF, until it transferred to the Pathfinder Force with No. 35 Squadron in August 1942. Originally, the base was intended for special operations and would have operated alongside RAF Tempsford and RAF Gransden Lodge. No. 35 Sqn (No. XXXV Squadron) arrived in August 1942 using the Handley Page Halifax (which it had used since 1940) it became a pathfinder unit, forming part of No. 8 Group. In March 1944 the squadron re-equipped with the Avro Lancaster and continued at Graveley until it was posted to RAF Stradishall in September 1946. During November 1945, Michael Beetham, then a Squadron Leader, was posted onto the squadron.
In 1943, RAF Graveley was one of the first operational stations to use the fog dispersal system FIDO. It was tested in July of that year with fog being burnt off and visibility vastly increased, though the descending aircraft had to cope with turbulence caused by the heated air from the evaporated fog. In November 1943, the first operational use of the FIDO system saw four Halifax aircraft of No. 35 Sqn landing in fog after a bombing operation.
No. 692 Squadron was formed on 1 January 1944 at RAF Graveley, equipped with de Havilland Mosquito IV bombers, as part of the Light Night Striking Force of No. 8 Group RAF in Bomber Command. It re-equipped with the Mosquito XVI bombers in March.
No. 227 Squadron moved to Graveley from Strubby in June 1945, and was disbanded here on 5 September 1945.
Post-war, the airfield was used as a relief landing ground for No. 206 Advanced Flying School and No. 5 Flying Training School which were based at RAF Oakington. The airfield was closed in December 1968.

## In popular culture

Part of the filming for the 1967 movie picture "'Robbery" (which was based on the Great Train Robbery) was filmed at the airfield with a number of exterior shots showing parts of the airfield. A few of the buildings shown in the film where the control tower was located still exist.

## Current use

The airfield is mostly agriculture with a few buildings surviving. A wind farm was built on the site in the 2010s.
# Nadia Granados

Nadia Granados(Nadia M. Granados Delgado) (born May 3, 1978 in Bogotá, Colombia) is a Colombian performance artist who uses her body concept in combination with multi-media technologies to explore relationships between the representation of state violence in mainstream media, institutionalized machismo, heterosexual pornography and violence against women.

## Work

Granados' performances are interlacing grass roots activist strategies (for example, public intervention in real-life and virtual public places) with visual media technology (such as mixing closed-circuit video with mash up video art projections). In her live performance show El Cabaret La Fulminante she employs an alter ego, La Fulminante. This sardonic parody of an over-sexualized Latina character speaks in an unknown, possibly indigenous but fictional language, which is then dubbed via video projection with hyper-political subtitles, creating an uncomfortable mix of eroticism on the one hand and radical left polemics on the other. By contrasting these antagonisms, Granados invites the viewer to reconsider their ideas on post-colonialism, gender stereotypes, auto-representation, and pornographic imagery, while simultaneously exposing manipulative, pop-cultural media strategies and openly promoting the rejection of neo-liberal, imperialist values.
In 2013, the Granados was awarded the 28th Franklin Furnace Fund, NYC, for her performance Carro Limpio, consciencia sucia.
Granados has presented her work in Colombia, Argentina, Brazil, Ecuador, Mexico, Peru, Venezuela and Canada, as well as in France, Italy, Spain, and Germany.
"Queda Lejos del Corazón," "Colombianización," and a bunch of Cabarets are some of her pieces. However, additional to her performances, workshops, lectures, academic texts, and critical texts are also part of her work. http://nadiagranados.com/wordpress/
In January 2014, one of her video works, entitled Maternidad Obligatoria, created a media controversy in Spain, when internet hackers inserted it into the web page of the Catholic archbishop of Granada in Spain.

## Selected exhibitions

| 2013 | Hemisphere Institute of Performance and Politics - Town. Body. Acción. Political Passions in the Americas, São Paulo, Brazil |
| 2013 | Pamplona International Performance Art Festival, Pamplona, Spain |
| 2012 | Videodrama. Museo de Arte Contemporáneo de Rosario (MACRO), Rosario, Argentina |
| 2011 | La International Cuir. Museo de Arte Reina Sofía, Madrid, Spain, curated by Beatriz Preciado |

## Awards

| 2014 | 3rd Biannual Award for Visual Arts, Fundación Gilberto Alzate Avendaño (FUGA), Bogotá, Colombia |
| 2013 | 28th Franklin Furnace Fund, New York City, USA |
# Teixeira (Seia)

Teixeira is a Portuguese parish, located in the municipality of Seia. The population in 2011 was 187, in an area of 15.92 km$^2$.
# List of countries by platinum production

This is a list of countries by platinum production. It is based on information from the United States Geological Survey.
| Rank | Country/Region | Platinum production (kilograms) | Year |
| | World | 180,000 | 2019 |
| 1 | South Africa | 130,000 | 2019 |
| 2 | Russia | 22,000 | 2019 |
| 3 | Zimbabwe | 15,000 | 2019 |
| 4 | Canada | 7,400 | 2019 |
| 5 | United States | 3,600 | 2019 |
| 6 | China | 2,500 | 2017 |
| 7 | Japan | 1,747 | 2017 |
| 8 | Finland | 1,418 | 2017 |
| 9 | Colombia | 566 | 2017 |
| 10 | Australia | 170 | 2017 |
| 11 | Poland | 97 | 2017 |
| 12 | Ethiopia | 5 | 2017 |
| 13 | Serbia | 2 | 2017 |
# Chogha

Chogha or Chagha or Chegha (Persian: چغا) is a Persian word for a tell. It may also refer to:
* Chagha, Isfahan
* Chagha, Lorestan
* Cheqa (disambiguation)
* Choghabur (disambiguation)
* Choga (garment), a long-sleeved overcoat
# Garad Mukhtar Garad Ali

Garad Mukhtar Garad Ali Burale (Somali: Garaad Mukhtaar Garaad Cali Buraalle) is one of the traditional leaders in the Sool region.

## Biography

Mukhtar's father Ali founded and led a new community in Dharkayn Geenyo in July 1999. Mukhtar was born in Dharkayn Geenyo at the end of the 20th century.

### Installed as Garad

In February 2018, his father Garad Ali Burale Hassan died.
On March 12, 2020, in Dharkayn Geenyo, Mukhtar was officially installed as Garad of Qayaad. Mukhtar's inauguration was attended by dignitaries from Puntland, Somaliland, and the Somali regional government of Ethiopia. Somaliland's Minister of Information, Suleiman Yusuf Ali, stated this place is within Somaliland. The deputy minister of the Puntland Ministry of Women's Affairs stated this place belongs to Puntland. However, Garad Jama Garad Ali, concluding the inauguration, said that the people of the region do not belong to either Puntland or Somaliland.

### 2023 Las Anod conflict

At the end of 2022, fighting broke out in Las Anod between Somaliland forces and some residents that resulted in deaths. On January 5, 2023, Somaliland forces temporarily withdrew from the urban area of Las Anod to a base outside of the city to avoid chaos. As the Somaliland forces withdrew, some of the traditional elders of Dhulbahante, who had previously avoided Las Anod, came there. The Somaliland forces did not restrict these traditional elders from visiting Las Anod.
On January 21 Garad Mukhtar came to Las Anod.
On February 6, the Dhulbahante Elders of Sool declared independence from the Somaliland and Puntland administrations and created a local government, SSC-Khaatumo, under the direct control of the Federal Republic of Somalia, and established a local committee of 33 elders, of which Garad Mukhtar was elected one of them.
On February 25, Garad Mukhtar confirmed the resumption of fighting between the two sides engaged, stressing that war had begun in the city.
Garad Mukhtar said the most important precondition for dialogue is a ceasefire and said which has not yet been achieved.
On March 13, Garad Mukhtar met with a panelist of UN experts as one of the representatives of SSC-Khatumo.
# Nobuo Tanaka

Nobuo Tanaka (田中 伸男, Tanaka Nobuo, born 3 March 1950) is the Japanese official and the former Executive Director of the International Energy Agency.
He was born on 3 March 1950 in Japan. He graduated from the University of Tokyo in the field of economics in 1972, and has an MBA from Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio (1979). In 1973 he began his career with the Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry of Japan (METI). In 1989 he joined the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) as the Deputy-Director for Science, Technology and Industry, and served in 1991–1995 as the Director for Science, Technology and Industry.
In 1995 he returned to METI where he served as Director for Industrial Finance Division and as Director for Policy Planning and Coordination Division. In 1998–2000 he was posted at the Embassy of Japan in Washington, D.C., as Minister for Energy, Trade and Industry. After returning to Japan in 2000 he took a post of the Executive Vice President for the Research Institute of Economy Trade and Industry, and in 2002–2004 the post of the Director-General for the Multilateral Trade System Department of METI.
From 16 August 2004 to 31 August 2007 Nobuo Tanaka was the Director for Science, Technology and Industry at the OECD, and head of the internal OECD Steering Group for the Centre for Entrepreneurship. On 1 September 2007 he succeeded Claude Mandil as the Executive Director of the IEA. On 1 September 2011, he was succeeded in this role by the Former Minister of Economic Affairs of the Netherlands, Maria van der Hoeven.
Since September 2011 he is Global Associate for Energy Security and Sustainability at the Institute for Energy Economics, Japan ("Eneken") in Tokyo. He is also a professor at the Graduate School of Public Policy, University of Tokyo. He is also a fellow at the Center on Global Energy Policy at Columbia University in New York where he has given lectures on subjects like Post Fukushima energy policy, the Shale revolution and energy security, China energy and sustainability, and the Integral Fast Reactor during frequent weekly visits to the Columbia Morningside campus each academic semester. He is a vocal advocate for advanced nuclear energy for Japan and international cooperation between Japan and the Republic of Korea to build the first commercial Integral Fast Reactor in the world. On May 28, 2014 he hosted the Global Leader Program for Social Design and Management (GSDM) 15th Platform Seminar, The 79th Public Policy Seminar at the University of Tokyo (title: "Peaceful and Safer Use of Nuclear Power: Role of Integral Fast Reactor"). His research paper on the role of the Integral Fast Reactor was published in January 2017.
Nobuo Tanaka is married and has two children.
# Kick in Iran

Kick in Iran is a feature documentary by Fatima Geza Abdollahyan. It portrays Taekwondo fighter Sara Khoshjamal-Fekri on her way to the Olympic Games 2008, in Beijing. Sara Khoshjamal Fekri is the first female athlete from Iran to ever qualify directly for the Olympic Games.

## Synopsis

The movie follows Sara Khoshjamal-Fekri and her coach Maryam Azarmehr during a nine-month period, beginning with qualification and including participation in the Olympic Games 2008. Because they live in a Muslim country, the two athletes have to face a lot of challenges. They work hard as they prepare to represent the Islamic Republic of Iran as female Taekwondo-fighters.
Kick in Iran portrays day-to-day life in the Iran for two women while wearing both the hijab and the dobok.

## Festivals

* Sundance Film Festival 2010 (world premiere), USA
* True/False Film Festival, USA
* Dallas International Filmfestival, USA
* Visions du Reel, Switzerland
* International Aljazeera Dokumentary Film Festival, Qatar
* Filmfest Munich, Germany
* Warsaw Film Festival, Poland
* Mumbai Film Festival, India
* Cine//B Film Festival, Chile
* Corona Cork Filmfest, Ireland
* International Images Film Festival for Women, Zimbabwe
* Belgrade Documentary and Short Film Festival, Serbia
* BAFICI, Argentina
* Chennai International Film Festival, India
* Noor Iranian Film Festival, USA
* Film Festival for Women’s Rights, FIWOM, South Korea

## Awards

* Gerd Ruge Award, Germany
* Special mentions, 13th BAFICI, UNICEF AWARD
* Special mentions, 26th Warsaw Filmfestival
* Nominated for the Grand Jury Award of the Sundance Filmfestival 2010
# Rezwan Munawar

Rezwan Munawar (Pashto: رضوان منور, born January 1, 1964) is a Pashto folklore singer who started singing in 1985. He is ethnically Pashtun and belongs to the Safi tribe originally from Mazar valley of Nurgal district of Kunar. He was born in Kuz Kunar district of Nangarhar province in 1964 where he also studied and graduated from Sayed Jamaluddin Afghan High School in 1981.

## Early life

In 1982 Munawar started working as a school teacher in Ahmad Kot Intermediate and then in Tawakal baba Intermediate School of Kuz Kunar district. He served twice in the military as a conscript.
During the years of the Taliban in Afghanistan, in 1993 he migrated to Pakistan.
He was married in 1986 and has seven children, one daughter and six sons. He lives in Jalalabad, Afghanistan.

## Career

When Munawar migrated to Pakistan in 1993, developed his skills in music and established a voluntary association of Afghan singers based in Pakistan. Today he also heads an association of Afghan singers in Jalalabad.
# Nikolai Rogov

Nikolai Abramovich Rogov (Russian: Никола́й Абра́мович Ро́гов, 1825 — 5 August 1905) was a Russian ethnographer and philologist, a researcher of Komi-Permyak language. He is known as the author of the first and one of the most complete dictionaries of that language. The dictionary contains about 13,000 words.
Nikolai Rogov was born in 1825 in Sredne-Yegvinskoye settlement of Perm Governorate in serf family. He studied in the Saint-Petersburg School of Agriculture, Mining and Metallurgical Sciences. Since 1850 he worked as a forester in Stroganovs' estate. Later he was appointed manager of Kyn Factory (Кыновский завод) in Kungursky Uyezd (Кунгурский уезд). There, in 1864, he established Kyn Co-operative Society, the first private co-operative society in Russia.
Since 1849 Rogov worked on the creation of "Permyak-Russian and Russian-Permyak Dictionary", which was published in Saint-Petersburg in 1869. The dictionary included about 13,000 words of Inva and Nerdva dialects of Komi-Permyak language. In 2007 the dictionary was republished by Komy-Permyak Publishing House.
A historian Aleksandr Dmitriyev (Александр Дмитриев) in "Old times of Perm" reported about Rogov as follows:
   We have told already, how great importance are philological works of N. A. Rogov about Permyaks, i. e. his Permyak grammatics and dictionary. The best ethnographic essay on Permyaks named "Materials for describing the everyday life of Permyaks" also belongs to him. Other writers did frequently derive from him.
Nikolai Rogov died on 5 August 1905.

## Publications

* Experience of Grammatics of Permyak language. — Saint-Petersburg, 1860.
* Permyak-Russian and Russian-Permyak Dictionary. — Saint-Petersburg, 1869.
* a number of articles in Perm Governorate News (Пермские губернские ведомости).
# Saint-Gondran

Saint-Gondran (French pronunciation:; Breton: Sant-Gondran) is a commune in the Ille-et-Vilaine department in Brittany in northwestern France.

## Population

Inhabitants of Saint-Gondran are called Gondranais in French.
# Sharif Kandi

Sharif Kandi (Persian: شريف كندي) may refer to:
* Sharif Kandi, Kurdistan
* Sharif Kandi, West Azerbaijan
# Hotel Cambodiana

The Hotel Cambodiana (Khmer: សណ្ឋាគារខេមបូឌីយ៉ាណា, Sânthakéar Khémbodiyana) is a 239-room hotel on the banks of the Tonlé Sap River in the heart of Phnom Penh, Cambodia, approximately 10 km from Phnom Penh International Airport.
Construction of the Cambodiana was initiated by Prince Norodom Sihanouk in the early 1960s. He originally requested a 10-bungalow luxury resort/government guesthouse, but noted Cambodian architect Lu Ban Hap suggested a larger international luxury hotel would be more profitable. Lu designed the structure in the then-popular New Khmer style. Construction of the Cambodiana began in 1963, on stilts on reclaimed land. The hotel opened in 1969, with 100 rooms, but only operated for a year. In 1970, Lon Nol's troops overthrew Prince Sianhouk and converted the hotel to military barracks. The hotel was abandoned during the Khmer Rouge period, later serving as refugee housing.
In the late 1980s, a Singapore-based company purchased a 70-year lease from the Cambodian government. They restored and expanded the Cambodiana to 239 rooms, and reopened it in July 1990. The hotel was operated by the French Sofitel chain from 1992 to April 1, 2001 as the Sofitel Cambodiana. It was purchased by The Royal Group in 2005. In 2016, plans were announced to demolish the building and construct a 20-story replacement. In 2019 new plans were announced to replace the hotel with a 600-meter skyscraper.
# Kapka Tash Lake

Kapka Tash Lake (Kyrgyz: Капка Таш) is a rock-dammed lake in Toktogul District of Jalal-Abad Province of Kyrgyzstan. It is located at the altitude of 2303 m in riverbed of Kara-Suu, left tributary of Naryn River.
# Abshur

Abshur or Ab Shur or Ab-e Shur (Persian: ابشور) may refer to:
* Abshur, Fars
* Ab-e Shur, Fars
* Abshur, Hormozgan
* Ab Shur, Kerman
* Abshur, Razavi Khorasan
* Abshur Rural District, in Fars Province
# Ruslan Kurbanov (fencer)

Ruslan Kurbanov (Kazakh: Руслан Курбанов; born 17 September 1991) is a Kazakhstani épée fencer, who earned a silver medal in the individual event at the 2013 Summer Universiade and a bronze medal in the team event. The same year, he became champion of Kazakhstan after defeating Asian champion Elmir Alimzhanov.
His ex-wife Tamara Pochekutova is a sabre fencer. They have one son, born in 2013. Kurbanov is from Tatar descent.
# Kyundyulyun

The Kyundyulyun (Russian: Кюндюлюн or Горы Кюндюлюн; Yakut: Күндүлүн) is a mountain range in the Sakha Republic, Far Eastern Federal District, Russia. The nearest airport is Ust-Kuyga Airport, located in Ust-Yansky District.

## Geography

The Kyundyulyun Range is located in northern Yakutia, about 400 kilometers (250 mi) north of the Arctic Circle. It is a smooth-looking range, rising above the right bank of the lower course of the Yana River. The Kyundyulyun forms a northeastern prolongation of the Kular Range, which extends from the southwest on the other side of the Yana, overlapping with the northern foothills of the Chersky Range that extend from the southeast. The highest point is an unnamed 640 metres (2,100 ft) high summit located in the southwestern part.
To the north and northeast the Kyundyulyun is limited by the Yana-Indigirka Lowland, part of the East Siberian Lowland. To the east and southeast the northern foothills of the Chersky Range extend southwards and to the west and south the winding Yana River forms the limit of the range. River Buor-Yuryakh, the main left tributary of the Chondon, has its sources in the range.
The Kyundyulyun area is practically uninhabited except for the town of Ust-Kuyga, located at the southwestern edge of the range on the eastern bank of the Yana River.
| The Kyundyulyun rising above the Yana. | View of the Kyundyulyun taiga near Ust-Kuyga. |

## Flora

Permafrost prevails in the area of the Kyundyulyun owing to the northerly location and the closeness of the Laptev Sea. The range looks quite barren, being mostly covered with tundra. There are forests of larch in the southern slopes and in some of the deeper and more protected valleys.

## Climate

The range has a harsh subarctic climate. The average temperature is −12 °C (10 °F). The coldest temperatures, down to −30 °C (−22 °F), have been recorded in February. In summer the average July temperature in the valleys does not exceed 14 °C (57 °F).
# William Beatty (rugby union)

William John Beatty (23 October 1888 — 10 February 1919) was an Irish international rugby union player.
Born in Holywood, County Down, Beatty was a forward with London club Richmond, capped three times for Ireland between 1910 and 1912, twice featuring in away wins over France.
Beatty, an Army major, died of pneumonia in 1919, while in Charleroi, Belgium.
# Devyatkin

Devyatkin (Russian: Дeвяткин) is a Russian masculine surname, its feminine counterpart is Devyatkina. It may refer to
* Dimitri Devyatkin (born 1949), American video artist, public speaker, journalist, musician and writer
* Pyotr Devyatkin (1977–2016), Russian-Kazakhstani ice hockey player
# Cleadale

Cleadale (Scottish Gaelic: Clèadail) is a settlement on the north west side of the island of Eigg, in the Small Isles of Scotland and is in the council area of Highland. The setting is visually dramatic.
# Mostafa Mirhashemi

Seyed Mostafa Mirhashemi (Persian: سيد مصطفی میرهاشمی, born 6 August 1974) is an Iranian cross-country skier. He competed in the men's 2 × 10 kilometre pursuit event at the 2002 Winter Olympics.