OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Nawagai Tehsil

Nawagai Tehsil (Pashto: تحصیل ناوګای)is an administrative subdivision (tehsil) of Bajaur District in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Province, Pakistan. Nawagai is the fourth largest of Bajaur District's seven tehsils.

## Geography

Nawagai Tehsil, the fourth largest in Bajaur District, is 216 km$^2$ in area and encompasses a valley and parallel ravine separated by a mountain range extending from the border with Afghanistan. Representing Bajaur District's left shoulder, Nawagai shares a 3.14 km border with Bar Chamarkand Tehsil to the west, a 13.58 km border with Mohmand District's Safi Tehsil to the southwest, 1.58 km border with Mohmand District's Pandiali Tehsil to the south, a 13.28 km border with Khar to the southeast, a 13.06 km border with Mamund Tehsil to the northeast, a 2.48 km border with Afghanistan's Marawara District, Kunar Province to the north, and a 4.38 km border with Afghanistan's Sirkanay District, Kunar Province to the northwest.

## Demographics
### Population

As of the 2017 Pakistani national census, Nawagai Tehsil has a population of 78,494 people, representing a +1.67% population increase from its 1998 census population of 57,264 compared to a +3.23% population growth in the overall Bajaur District. Residents of Nawagai comprise 7.19% of the Bajaur District population as of 2017.

### Language

The vast majority of Nawagai residents expectedly speak Pashto as their mother tongue, the predominant language of ethnic Pakhtuns (Pashtuns) and of the derivatively-named Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Province (KPK). As of 2017, 99.35% of Nawagai residents recorded Pashto as their mother tongue with other residents recording Urdu (268), Brahui (100), Sindhi (35), Kashmiri (33), Punjabi (29), Saraiki (23), and 11 'others' as mother tongues.

### Religion

As of 2017, 99.98% of Nawagai Tehsil residents reported belonging to the Islamic faith along with 15 Ahmadi and 2 Christians.

### Politics

Nawagai Tehsil is politically represented in the National Assembly of Pakistan (the lower house of the national parliament) in the NA-8 Bajaur constituency and in the Provincial Assembly of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa in the PK-22 Bajaur-IV constituency. In both bodies, Nawagai Tehsil (as well as Bajaur District and most of KPK) historically elects candidates from the Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf (PTI) party established by Pakistani cricketer and 22nd Prime Minister, Imran Khan, who is seen as a fierce advocate for the nation's Pakhtuns, many of whom feel disenfranchised by Islamabad.
# The Actor (1993 film)

The Actor (Persian: هنرپیشه, romanized: Honarpisheh) is a 1993 Iranian film directed by Mohsen Makhmalbaf. The film features Akbar Abdi as Akbar, Fatemeh Motamed-Aria as his wife, Simin, and Mahaya Petrosian as the gypsy girl. The film is a combination of fiction and reality, since the leading character has the same name and occupation as the actor who portrays the role, while the details and events are fictional.

## Plot

An Iranian actor named Akbar is trying to become a serious actor instead of the clown everyone considers him to be. However, financial problems force him to abandon his dream of being an artistic actor. He also has to deal with his family problems and his wife's inability to become pregnant.
# Ceignes

Ceignes (French pronunciation: ) is a commune in the Ain department in eastern France.
# Chakkiligintha

Chakkiligintha (transl. Tickle) is a 2014 Indian Telugu film starring Sumanth Ashwin and Chandini Sreedharan. It was directed by Vema Reddy, an erstwhile assistant and protégé of Sukumar.

## Plot

Adi and Avantika or Avi study in the same college. Adi is a love guru and advises boys not to express their love for girlfriends until they reveal their true feelings. On the other side Avi learns that Adi is the person behind the sudden change in the boys and challenges that she will make Adi to fall in love with her. Did she succeed in her challenge, what did Adi do as his part is the crux of the
Adi comes up with a new concept, why should girls have all the fun? He lectures his friends that instead of them running around the girls, it should be the other way round. He sells his theory. The girls, understandably, are taken aback with the boys ignoring them. They feel miserable. If Adi's got a concept that's changed the nature of the boys, Avi comes up with an idea to counter that concept. The girls pin their hopes on Avi, and eventually with her plans working out, the boys once again behave like boys, running after them and doing their bidding.
Adi and Avi throw a challenge at each other. Adi will behave like Avi is his girlfriend and Avi too will consider him as her boyfriend. Avi will try to make Adi express his love for her and Adi tells her he will never ever do that.
Smart as she proves to be, Avi is clearly winning at every stage. And one day, it happens in front of everyone. Adi declares his love for Avi. He accepts that his concept has failed and it is not right for boys to expect that it should be girls who should be the first ones to express their love. But Adi gets a shock. Avi tells him that she does not love him and her only purpose in moving around with him was to prove that his concept was wrong.
Avi goes back to her hometown Visakhapatnam but Adi follows her from Hyderabad. Avi's wedding is fixed with another boy as she consents to the proposal that her parents bring. What will Adi do?

## Cast

* Sumanth Ashwin as Adi
* Chandini Sreedharan (credited as Rehhana) as Avantika "Avi"
* Chaitanya Krishna as Rahul
* Viva Harsha as Hrithik Reddy
* Thagubothu Ramesh as Manohar
* Madhunandan
* Chammak Chandra as Ailesh
* Bhadram as Adi's classmate
* Surekha Vani as Avi's mother
* Sivannarayana Naripeddi as Avi's father
* Josh Ravi as Ravi
* Fish Venkat as Adi's classmate's father
* Ambati Srinu as Recharge shop owner
* Saptagiri
* Getup Srinu as College student
* Sudigali Sudheer as Bar Waiter (uncredited)

## Soundtrack

The music was composed by Mickey J. Meyer and was released by Shreyas Music.
# Zosterocarpus abyssicola

Zosterocarpus abyssicola is a species of brown algae endemic to the Galápagos Islands.

## Distribution

This is a very inconspicuous species and hard to identify, so much that it is only known from its collection of types. The only specimens were collected in 1934 at Post Office Bay by Floreana Island in the Galápagos Islands, and the species is considered endemic to the area. A 2007 search failed to find any further specimens.

## Etymology

The specific epithet abyssicola derives from the Greek ἄβυσσος (ávyssos) and Latin -cola, meaning one who inhabits the abyss. However, it has only been found at 55 meters depth, and is photosynthetic, so the name is hyperbole.

## Description

The thallus is a light green-brown and 1–2 cm tall. The form is rather diffuse and spreading, without a persistent main axis. The cells of the major branches are thin-walled, cylindrical, and 32 μm in diameter and 58–65 μm long.
The characteristic oval brown cells were assumed to be the sporangia by Taylor, but are special tannin-filled cells. These are scattered throughout the upper thallus, but solitary, measuring about 30 μm in diameter and 68–70 μm long. They contain oval-shaped bodies.
The gametangia are in clusters of 4–6 cells and only 6–8 μm in diameter.
The species lacks phaeophycean "hairs" and the parenchyma is weakly developed. It is more slender than Z. oedogonium, and the brown tannin cells for the former are wider than the rest of the filaments, ad opposed to the same size. Z. ogasawaraensis and Z. australicus lack these special cells. The latter two also have laterals that arise from single sells on the filaments and not from the septa between cells like the former two species.

## Ecology

The species is an epiphyte. It is thought to be eaten by sea urchins.

## Conservation

It has been evaluated by the IUCN as data deficient, and is one of only fifteen protists evaluated by IUCN. Like Desmarestia tropica, another William Randolph Taylor find from the same expedition, it is threatened by warming ocean temperatures and overgrazing by sea urchins.
# Tabas-e Masina Rural District

Tabas-e Masina Rural District (Persian: دهستان طبس مسينا) is in Gazik District of Darmian County, South Khorasan province, Iran. It is administered from the city of Tabas-e Masina.

## Demographics
### Population

At the time of the 2006 National Census, the rural district's population was 8,347 in 1,733 households. There were 4,554 inhabitants in 1,072 households at the following census of 2011. The 2016 census measured the population of the rural district as 4,778 in 1,147 households. The most populous of its 28 villages was Dastgerd, with 1,262 people.
# Shurek

Shurek (Persian: شورك) may refer to:
* Shurek, Mazandaran
* Shurek, North Khorasan
* Shurek, West Azerbaijan
# Ramezan Biabani

Ramezan Biabani (Persian: رمضان بیابانی, born June 25, 1979) is an Iranian Paralympic archer. He represented Iran at the 2020 Summer Paralympics in Tokyo, Japan and won the silver medal in the Men's individual compound event.
# An Hae-eun

An Hae-eun (Korean: 안 해은; born 7 May 1963) is a South Korean rowing coxswain. She competed in the women's coxed four event at the 1984 Summer Olympics.
# Antoine Leroux

Joaquin Antoine Leroux, aka Watkins Leroux (1801–1861), was a 19th century mountain man and trail guide based in New Mexico. Leroux was a member of the convention that organized New Mexico Territory.

## Biography

In 1846, Leroux served as the guide for the Mormon Battalion under Philip St. George Cooke along with Pauline Weaver and Jean Baptiste Charbonneau. Cooke was directed to take his religiously segregated troops to California to assist in the Mexican–American War.
In 1849, Leroux served under Lieutenant J.H. Whitesley in a punitive campaign against the Ute Indians. That same year he played an important role in the aftermath of the White Massacre. In 1851, Leroux guided the Lorenzo Sitgreaves expedition through Arizona, advising them to explore the Little Colorado River valley, where the party came across the Wupatki ruins built by prehistoric Indians.
By 1853, Leroux had become a wealthy sheep rancher and landowner, but was still open to trailblazing requests (albeit with personal valet). He would participate in two expeditions that year to help survey proposed routes for the proposed Transcontinental Railroad. In summer, he accompanied Amiel Weeks Whipple on an expedition at the 35th parallel. When returning from the Whipple expedition in 1854, Leroux recorded in his journal an archaeological site in the Verde Valley.
Later that same year, he was recruited at Taos by John W. Gunnison, surveying a central route (between the 38th and 39th parallels), after Gunnison's party became bogged down in the San Juan River valley. Gunnison, however, quarrelled constantly with Leroux's advice, often to the detriment of the party in terms of terrain or favorable campsites, and Leroux eventually quit the expedition. Two days later, most of the party, including Gunnison, was slaughtered when they unexpectedly came upon a group of Paiute Indians.

## Legacy

Named for Leroux are:
* Antoine Leroux, New Mexico
* Leroux Springs in the San Francisco Peaks, for many years the primary water supply for Flagstaff, Arizona
* Leroux Wash, Arizona
* Antoine Leroux Land Grant
# Edward Applewhaite

Edward Turney Applewhaite (23 November 1898 in Nelson, British Columbia, Canada – 12 September 1964) was a Canadian politician and life insurance agent. He was elected to the House of Commons of Canada in 1949 and re-elected in 1953 as a Member of the Liberal Party representing the riding of Skeena. He was defeated in the elections of 1945 and 1957. He became Deputy Chair of the Committee of the Whole on 16 December 1953.
# Caulières

Caulières (French pronunciation:; Picard: Queuillère) is a commune in the Somme department in Hauts-de-France in northern France.

## Geography

Caulières is situated on the N29 road, some 20 miles (32 km) southwest of Amiens.
# Episcopal Diocese of Eastern Oregon

The Episcopal Diocese of Eastern Oregon is the diocese of the Episcopal Church in the United States of America which has jurisdiction over Oregon east of the Cascade Mountains. It also includes Klickitat County, Washington. It is in Province 8. The diocesan office is in Cove, Oregon.

## History

The Diocese of Eastern Oregon was created as a missionary district from the Episcopal Diocese of Oregon in 1907 and became a separate diocese in 1971.

## Leadership

Following the resignation in 2007 of the 6th Bishop of Eastern Oregon, William O. Gregg, to become assistant bishop in the Episcopal Diocese of North Carolina, the diocesan leadership concluded that it was not financially possible to appoint another diocesan bishop for the time being. Instead, it was proposed that a Provisional Bishop be appointed on a part-time basis for a period of three years in the first instance.
In March 2009, the Standing Committee of the Diocese appointed Nedi Rivera, Bishop Suffragan of the Episcopal Diocese of Olympia since 2004, as Assisting Bishop. Rivera was subsequently elected and installed as Provisional Bishop at the Diocesan Convention on May 23, 2009, for a three-year term to Spring 2012, serving on a fractional time (one third) basis. In Spring 2012, Rivera's term as Provisional Bishop was extended by one year, ending in March 2015.
On December 12, 2015 Patrick W. Bell was elected as the seventh Bishop of the diocese. Bell, who was serving as pastor of St. Luke's Episcopal Church in Coeur d’Alene, Idaho, was consecrated as bishop in April 2016. Bell announced his intention to continue to reside in Coeur d’Alene and commute to Oregon for his work as Bishop.

## List of bishops

Bishops of Eastern Oregon :
| From | Until | Incumbent | Notes |
| 1907 | 1922 | Robert L. Paddock | Robert Lewis Paddock (December 24, 1869, Brooklyn, NY – May 17, 1939, Brooklyn, NY); consecrated Missionary Bishop of Eastern Oregon December 18, 1907; retired September 1922. |
| 1923 | 1945 | William P. Remington | Consecrated c. 1913; suffragan in South Dakota 1913–1922; elected 1922; installed November 19, 1923; suffragan in Pennsylvania 1945–1951. |
| 1946 | 1968 | Lane W. Barton | Lane Wickham Barton (3 June 1899, Norwalk, OH – January 5, 1997, Vancouver, WA); elected September 11 and consecrated November 26, 1946; retired 1968. |
| 1969 | 1979 | William B. Spofford | William Benjamin Spofford, Junior (January 28, 1921—November 5, 2013); elected 1968; consecrated January 25, 1969; retired 1979. |
| 1980 | 2000 | Rustin R. Kimsey | Rustin Ray Kimsey (born January 20, 1935, Bend, OR - died April 11, 2015); elected March 22 and consecrated August 4, 1980; retired June 2000. |
| 2000 | 2007 | William O. Gregg | William "Bill" Otis Gregg (born in Portsmouth, VA); elected May 13 and consecrated September 23, 2000; resigned April 30, 2007. |
| 2009 | 2016 | Nedi Rivera, Provisional Bishop | Also suffragan in Olympia, 2005–2010; consecrated January 22, 2005; elected May and installed May 23, 2009; term ended March 2015. |
| 2016 | present | Patrick W. Bell | Elected on December 12, 2015, and consecrated in April, 2016. |
# Taitao ophiolite

Taitao ophiolite (Spanish: Ofiolita de Taitao) is an ophiolite in Taitao Peninsula of western Patagonia, Chile. The ophiolite crops out about 10 km w to the east of the Peru-Chile Trench and 50 km to the south of Chile Triple Junction —two features to which it is related.
The ophiolite formed in connection to the subduction of the Chile Rise, a mid-ocean ridge, beneath South America. More specifically it has been proposed that the ophiolite formed in a rift of the forearc region of the South American plate.
The Taitao ophiolite presents a pseudostratigraphy with the following lithologies; peridotite, pyroxenite, gabbro, sheeted dykes of diabase, pillow lava and sedimentary rock.
# Darwinysius

Darwinysius is a genus of true bugs belonging to the tribe Metrargini, endemic to the Galápagos Islands.

## Species

GBIF includes:
* Darwinysius marginalis (W.S.Dallas, 1852)
* Darwinysius wenmanensis P.D.Ashlock, 1972
# Ak-Kuduk

Ak-Kuduk (Kyrgyz: Ак-Кудук) is a village in the Naryn District, Naryn Region of Kyrgyzstan. Its population was 718 in 2021.
It is located in the zone of expected II-hazard category earthquakes with a possible score of 5-7 units.
# Donga River

The Donga River is a river in Nigeria and Cameroon. The river arises from the Mambilla Plateau in Eastern Nigeria, forms part of the international border between Nigeria and Cameroon, and flows northwest to eventually merge with the Benue River in Nigeria. The Donga watershed is 20,000 square kilometres (7,700 sq mi) in area. At its peak, near the Benue the river delivers 1,800 cubic metres (64,000 cu ft) of water per second.
In Taraba State, Nigeria, there are three forest reserves, Baissa, Amboi and Bissaula River, in the Donga river basin. They lie on the slopes and at the foot of the Mambilla Plateau, south-west of Gashaka Gumti National Park.

## Pollution

Research reveals that pesticides were the predominant organic pollutant in the Donga river.

## Climate

The annual average temperature is around 33°C but high level of cold in January and an increased rainfall in August. Rainfal percentage is 40.35% with 54.98% relative humidity. It is usually very warm in March with 40.44°C, and an average wind of 8.84km/h.
# Pitrags

Pitrags (Livonian: Pitrõg) is a village situated in Kolka Parish, Talsi Municipality, in the Courland region of Latvia, at the mouth of the river Pitraga. It is one of twelve Livonian villages on the Līvõd rānda - the Livonian Coast.
It was founded in the Middle Ages by several brothers who arrived from Saaremaa and settled there. For many years, due to its geographical location on the river, Pitrags was a regional centre of shipbuilding, providing small timber fishing boats for locals and the nearby villages of Saunags and Vaide. During the Soviet period a large fish-smoking plant was located here (closed down in mid-1990s and now converted into a private residence). There is also a small local church and cemetery. Along the dunes runs the site of a narrow gauge railway, an extension of the military railway built to nearby Mazirbe during World War I. The railway was decommissioned in the 1960s, several years after a new strategic wide dirt road was built by the Soviet Army (several years ago this road was asphalted using EU funds).
On February 4, 1992, the Latvian government created a protected cultural and historic territory called Līvõd Rānda - the Livonian Coast - which includes all 12 of the Livonian villages: Lūžņa (Livonian: Lūž), Miķeļtornis (Pizā), Lielirbe (Īra), Jaunciems (Ūžkilā), Sīkrags (Sīkrõg), Mazirbe (Irē), Košrags (Kuoštrõg), Saunags (Sǟnag), Vaide (Vaid), Kolka (Kūolka), Pitrags (Pitrõg), and Melnsils (Mustānum).
The Latvian government discourages settlement of ethnic Latvians and other non-Livonians in this area and prohibits alterations to historic village sites. Also, it is prohibited for anyone to start a hotel, restaurant, or other public establishment which might adversely influence the Livonian culture or draw outsiders into the area.

## Notable people

Born in Pitrags:
* Marija Bertholde-Šaltjāre (1860–1938) — Livonian folklore scholar and presenter
# Vézelin-sur-Loire

Vézelin-sur-Loire (Arpitan: Véselyins-sus-Lêre) is a commune in the Loire department in central France. It was established on 1 January 2019 by merger of the former communes of Saint-Paul-de-Vézelin (the seat), Amions and Dancé.
# Ujëmisht

Ujëmisht is a village and a former municipality in Kukës County, northeastern Albania. At the 2015 local government reform it became a subdivision of the municipality Kukës. The population at the 2023 census was 1,136.

## Notable people

* Baba Hajji Dede Reshat Bardhi (1935–2011), Grandfather of Bektashi Order
* Muharrem Bajraktari (1896–1989), World War II fighter and politician
# Potony

Potony (Croatian: Potonja) is a village in Somogy County, Hungary.

## Geography

It lies east of Barcs, 4 km (2.5 mi) from the River Drava, on the border of Somogy and Baranya County. Neighboring villages are Kastélyosdombó, Lakócsa, Tótújfalu and Drávagárdony. The EuroVelo international cycling 13th Vasfüggöny trail runs through the settlement.

## History

Potony was first mentioned in the papal tithe register between 1332 and 1337 and already had its own parish. In 1376 it appeared as Poton, in 1403 as Szent-Pál Valley in official documents. There was also another village, Gerenda which perished after 1660. There were nine peasant families in the village in 1695. From the 18th century it was a possession of the Esterházy family who invited Croatian settlers there at that time from Slavonia. According to the 1772 census the residents of Potony spoke all Croatian. The 1870 census shows that it had 431 Croatian or Serb, 154 Hungarian, 1 German and 1 Slovak resident. The name Potony is since 1909 in use. It had 699 residents, 82% of whom were Croats.

## Economy

A 400,000 m$^3$ reservoir is under construction as part of the Old-Drava Program.

## Main sights

* oak tree - symbol of the village, motive of the coat of arms
* Catholic Church - famous for its cassette ceiling and was built in 1937
* statue of the heroes of the Second World War (erected in 2000)
* Lug Forest - protected natural reserve between Potony and Tótújfalu
# Kal Aqayeh-ye Olya

Kal Aqayeh-ye Olya (Persian: كال اقايه عليا, also Romanized as Kāl Āqāyeh-ye ‘Olyā; also known as Kāl Āqāyeh) is a village in Salehabad Rural District, Salehabad County, Razavi Khorasan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 307, in 70 families.
# Velislai biblia picta

The Velislaus Bible or Velislav's Bible (Czech: Velislavova bible; Latin Velislai biblia picta) is an illuminated manuscript of 1325–1349. It is in effect a picture-book of the Bible, as the text is limited to brief titles or descriptions of the 747 pictures from the Old Testament and the New Testament, from the writings about the Antichrist and from the legends of the saints, especially St Wenceslas. It is therefore an example of a Biblia pauperum, though not in the typical form, having many more images. Most of the illuminations are only in ink, though some colour is used.
The manuscript is of 188 folios on parchment, with a page size of 307 x 245 mm. It currently sits in the Czech National Library (Národní knihovna Ceské republiky), Prague. The codex was created by several artists probably for Velislav the Canon (d. 1367), the notary of John I of Bohemia and his son Charles IV, Holy Roman Emperor, who were both based in Prague.