# Ergani

Ergani (Ottoman Turkish: عثمانيه, romanized: Osmaniye, Kurdish: Erxenî), formerly known as Arghni or Arghana, is a municipality and district of Diyarbakır Province, Turkey. Its area is 1,510 km$^2$, and its population is 136,099 (2022). Ergani District is located in the administrative as the Southeastern Anatolia Region, but as a geographical region it is located in Eastern Anatolia. The mayor is Ahmet Kaya (HDP) since 2019. Ahmet Karaaslan was appointed as the District Governor.

## Çayönü

Near the village of Sesverenpınar, among the Hilar rocks Çayönü hill was first settled in c. 7500 BC, and was continuously inhabited until 5000 BC (but only occasionally since then). Remains have been found from the earlier habitation, one of the most important archaeological finds of its era.

## History

Trade has flourished between Ergani and Mesopotamia during the third millennium BC. Ergani has a rich history of being a mining region.

## Education

There is 107 elementary schools, and 3 Anatolian high schools in Ergani. There is also a Dicle University Vocational School in Ergani.

## Composition

There are 102 neighbourhoods in Ergani District:
* Adnan Menderes
* Ahmetli
* Akçakale
* Akçoban
* Alitaşı
* Armutova
* Aşağıbitikçi
* Aşağıkuyulu
* Azıklı
* Aziziye
* Bademli
* Bagür
* Bahçekaşı
* Bereketli
* Boğazköy
* Boncuklu
* Bozyer
* Caferan
* Çakartaş
* Çakırfakır
* Canveren
* Çayırdere
* Çayköy
* Çimlihöyük
* Cömert
* Coşkun
* Çukurdere
* Dağarası
* Dallıdağ
* Değirmendere
* Demirli
* Dereboyu
* Deringöze
* Develi
* Devletkuşu
* Dibektaş
* Doğanköy
* Fatih
* Fevzi Çakmak
* Giraylar
* Gökiçi
* Gözekaya
* Gözlü
* Gülerce
* Güneştepe
* Güzelyurt
* Hançerli
* Hendekköy
* Hilar
* İncehıdır
* İstasyon
* Karaburçak
* Karpuzlu
* Karşıbağlar
* Kavaklı
* Kavurmaküpü
* Kayan
* Kemaliye
* Kemertaş
* Kesentaş
* Kıralan
* Kocaali
* Kömürtaş
* Kortaş
* Koyunalan
* Kumçi
* Morkoyun
* Namıkkemal
* Olgun
* Ortaağaç
* Ortayazı
* Otluca
* Özbilek
* Pınarkaya
* Sabırlı
* Salihli
* Sallar
* Sallıca
* Sanayi
* Saray
* Savaş
* Selmanköy
* Şirinevler
* Sökündüzü
* Şölen
* Tevekli
* Üçkardeş
* Usluca
* Üzümlü
* Yakacık
* Yamaçlar
* Yapraklı
* Yayvantepe
* Yeniköy
* Yeşilköy
* Yolbulan
* Yolköprü
* Yoncalı
* Yukarıbitikçi
* Yukarıkarpuzlu
* Yukarıkuyulu
* Ziyaret

## Climate

Ergani has a hot-summer Mediterranean climate (Köppen climate classification: Csa).
Climate data for Ergani (1991–2020) :
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 6.7 (44.1) | 8.3 (46.9) | 13.6 (56.5) | 19.4 (66.9) | 25.5 (77.9) | 32.6 (90.7) | 37.6 (99.7) | 37.8 (100.0) | 32.5 (90.5) | 24.8 (76.6) | 15.6 (60.1) | 8.9 (48.0) | 22.0 (71.6) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 2.9 (37.2) | 4.0 (39.2) | 8.7 (47.7) | 13.9 (57.0) | 19.6 (67.3) | 26.3 (79.3) | 31.1 (88.0) | 31.0 (87.8) | 25.6 (78.1) | 18.6 (65.5) | 10.4 (50.7) | 4.9 (40.8) | 16.5 (61.7) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −0.2 (31.6) | 0.6 (33.1) | 4.5 (40.1) | 9.0 (48.2) | 13.9 (57.0) | 19.8 (67.6) | 24.6 (76.3) | 24.4 (75.9) | 19.3 (66.7) | 13.3 (55.9) | 6.4 (43.5) | 1.8 (35.2) | 11.5 (52.7) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 117.4 (4.62) | 97.78 (3.85) | 97.32 (3.83) | 81.3 (3.20) | 58.41 (2.30) | 10.66 (0.42) | 0.98 (0.04) | 1.81 (0.07) | 8.53 (0.34) | 44.17 (1.74) | 76.3 (3.00) | 114.27 (4.50) | 708.93 (27.91) |
| Average precipitation days (≥ 1.0 mm) | 8.9 | 9.6 | 9.4 | 9.0 | 6.7 | 2.6 | 1.1 | 1.6 | 1.8 | 4.9 | 6.6 | 9.7 | 71.9 |
| Average relative humidity (%) | 68.3 | 65.5 | 60.5 | 57.7 | 51.9 | 35.1 | 27.4 | 28.5 | 34.8 | 49.2 | 59.1 | 68.7 | 50.8 |
| Source: NOAA ||||||||||||||