OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Nicholas Bodman

Nicholas Cleaveland Bodman (July 27, 1913 – June 29, 1997) was an American linguist who made fundamental contributions to the study of historical Chinese phonology and Sino-Tibetan languages.
Bodman was born in Chicago in 1913. He entered Harvard in 1935, but left after one year and spent several years doing office work and traveling in Europe. He joined the United States Navy in 1941, and was assigned to Station HYPO at Pearl Harbor in early 1942 to join the team working to decipher Japanese naval codes. He retired from the navy in 1945 with the rank of Lieutenant commander.
After leaving the navy, Bodman enrolled at Yale, where he obtained his B.A., M.A., and Ph.D., with a study of the phonology of the Shiming. While at Yale he was a student of Li Fang-Kuei, who was a visiting professor there at the time. He worked at the Foreign Service Institute from 1950 until 1962, rising to head to the Department of Far Eastern languages. Between 1951 and 1952, he was in Malaya on loan to the British government, where he created a course on Hokkien that is still a definitive reference.
In 1962, Bodman joined the faculty of Cornell University, where he stayed until his retirement in 1979. He continued to do fieldwork on Tibeto-Burman languages and Min dialects. In an unpublished paper presented at Princeton in 1971, he proposed a novel six-vowel system for a stage of Chinese prior to the Old Chinese of the earliest records. This system was later developed as a proposal for Old Chinese itself by Bodman's student William Baxter, and independently by Sergei Starostin and Zhengzhang Shangfang, and is now widely accepted. He marshaled his ideas on Old Chinese and its relationship with Sino-Tibetan in an influential treatment published in 1980. Later he published a series of papers reconstructing the history of the Min group.

## Publications

* ——— (1954). A Linguistic Study of the "Shih Ming": Initials and Consonant Clusters. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
* ——— (1955). Spoken Amoy Hokkien. Kuala Lumpur: Government of the Federation of Malaya.
** adapted with dialogues rewritten by Wu Su-chu as Spoken Taiwanese, Spoken Language Services, 1983. ISBN 978-0-87950-460-1.
* ——— (1980). "Proto-Chinese and Sino-Tibetan: data towards establishing the nature of the relationship". In van Coetsem, Frans; Waugh, Linda R. (eds.). Contributions to historical linguistics: issues and materials. Leiden: E. J. Brill. pp. 34–199. ISBN 978-90-04-06130-9.
* ——— (1985). "The Reflexes of Initial Nasals in Proto-Southern Min-Hingua". In Acson, Veneeta; Leed, Richard L. (eds.). For Gordon H. Fairbanks. Oceanic Linguistics Special Publications. Vol. 20. University of Hawaii Press. pp. 2–20. ISBN 978-0-8248-0992-8. JSTOR 20006706.
# Environmental Risk Management Authority

The Environmental Risk Management Authority (ERMA; Māori: Ngā Kaiwhakatūpato Whakararu Taiao) was a New Zealand government agency that controlled the introduction of hazardous substances and new organisms (invasive species and genetically modified organisms). It was disestablished on 30 June 2011 and its functions taken over by the Environmental Protection Authority.
ERMA was principally responsible for implementing the Hazardous Substances and New Organisms Act 1996 (HSNO).
The aim of ERMA was stated as:
    "Achieve effective prevention or management of risks to the environment, public health and safety associated with importing or manufacturing hazardous substances and introducing new organisms, and their use."
ERMA made decisions on applications under Part V of the Hazardous Substances and New Organisms Act, by evaluating risks, costs and benefits, placing conditions on approvals; and making decisions on transitional licences and other approvals. ERMA used risk management principles contained in the Methodology to guide its work.
Under the Hazardous Substances and New Organisms Act, the Authority was required to consider and weigh up the adverse and beneficial effects of a new organism or substance. The detailed decisions of the Authority also give an insight into how it has dealt with different aspects of risks, costs and benefits.
To mitigate any risks they applied controls (where relevant and possible) to the application, just as in everyday life we wear seatbelts to reduce the risks associated with driving. The controls might include housing the organism or substance in a specially designed laboratory or they may be to wear protective equipment when handling a certain hazardous chemical.
The Authority's role was to manage risks to the environment and to public health, and they did this through their decision-making processes on applications. When ERMA received an application to import a new organism or a new substance they weighed up the adverse and beneficial effects on society, the environment, public health etc. and in many cases asked the general public to make submissions as to whether the new organism or substance should be allowed into New Zealand.
# Naft Chal, Savadkuh

Naft Chal (Persian: نفت چال, also Romanized as Naft Chāl) is a village in Lafur Rural District, North Savadkuh County, Mazandaran Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 340, in 114 families.
# Barkesh

Barkesh or Barkash (Persian: بركش) may refer to:
* Barkesh, East Azerbaijan
* Barkesh, Hamadan
# Honey Hill

Honey Hill may refer to:

## Places
### United Kingdom

* Honey Hill, Cambridge, a small elevation in Cambridgeshire, England
* Honey Hill, Kent, hamlet in Kent, England
* Honey Hill, Northamptonshire, a hill lying on the edge of the Northamptonshire Uplands, England

### United States

* Honey Hill, a summit in Fairfield County, Connecticut
* Honey Hill, an elevation near Newport, New York
* Honey Hill, Oklahoma
* Honey Hill-Boyd's Neck Battlefield, South Carolina
** Battle of Honey Hill, American Civil War battle

## Music

* "Honey Hill", a song by Johnny Hodges from the 1958 album Blues A-Plenty
# Sinan Abdullah

Sinan Abdul Jabbar Abdullah (born 1947; Arabic: سنان عبد الله) is a Mandaean-American dentist and community leader. He and his twin brother Haithem are known as the first American-born Mandaeans.

## Biography

Sinan Abdullah (full name: Sinan Abdul Jabbar Abdullah, Arabic: سنان عبد الجبار عبد الله) was born in 1947. His father Abdul Jabbar Abdullah was a physicist and university administrator who immigrated to the United States from Iraq, while his paternal grandfather was the Mandaean priest Ganzibra Abdullah bar Sam. He and his twin brother Haithem were the first Mandaeans born in the United States. In 1979, Sinan married his wife Rand in Iraq. Their wedding ceremony was officiated by his grandfather, Ganzibra Abdullah bar Sam.$^{:45}$
Sinan Abdullah is a dentist who has lived in Niskayuna, New York; Colonie, New York; and other locations. He owns various Mandaean manuscripts that were analyzed by scholars such as Jorunn Jacobsen Buckley and Charles G. Häberl, including a photocopy of a manuscript of the Mandaean Book of John that was copied by Salem Choheili (Mandaean baptismal name: Bayan, son of Sharat) on April 12, 1989.
# Bachhaupter Laber

Bachhaupter Laber is a small river in Bavaria, Germany. At its confluence with the Wissinger Laber in Breitenbrunn, the Breitenbrunner Laber is formed.
# Branch River (Wairau River tributary)

The Branch River is a river in the Marlborough Region of New Zealand's South Island. It is a tributary of the Wairau River, flowing north for 30 kilometres (19 mi) to meet the Wairau 65 kilometres (40 mi) west of the town of Blenheim. Just before flowing into the Wairau, the Branch River crosses underneath State Highway 63.
In 1978 a power station was considered for the Branch River and was commissioned in 1983, being completed in 1984. It is Marlborough Region's largest source of electricity generation.
# Peprilus

Peprilus is a genus of ray-finned fish in the family Stromateidae found in Pacific and Atlantic Oceans.

## Species

There are currently 9 recognized species in this genus:
* Peprilus burti Fowler, 1944 (Gulf butterfish)
* Peprilus crenulatus G. Cuvier, 1829
* Peprilus medius (W. K. H. Peters, 1869) (Pacific harvestfish)
* Peprilus ovatus Horn, 1970 (Shining butterfish)
* Peprilus paru (Linnaeus, 1758) (American harvestfish)
* Peprilus simillimus (Ayres, 1860) (Pacific pompano)
* Peprilus snyderi C. H. Gilbert & Starks, 1904 (Salema butterfish)
* Peprilus triacanthus (W. Peck, 1804) (Atlantic butterfish)
* Peprilus xanthurus (Quoy & Gaimard, 1825)
# Breslau, Ontario

Breslau (ˈbɹɛzlɑː) is a community located within the township of Woolwich, part of the Waterloo Regional Municipality in Ontario Canada. Separated from the city of Kitchener by the Grand River, Breslau is named after the former German city of Breslau, now Wrocław, capital of Poland's Lower Silesia.
It is located at the junction of Highway 7 and Waterloo Regional Road 17. This routing, although recently bypassed, is the main route between Kitchener and the nearby Region of Waterloo International Airport, located south of the settled area. It is also close to the city of Guelph.

## History

The first settlers to the area now called Breslau arrived in 1806, mostly German Mennonite families from Pennsylvania. Settlers included John Brech, Daniel Erb and John Cressman. In the 1820s, members of the Cressman Mennonite Church began congregating in the homes of the early settlers. in 1834, the first meeting house in Waterloo County (built by Benjamin Eby in 1813) was donated to the Breslau congregation and moved to the settlement. In 1850, Joseph Erb built a dam, a sawmill and a grist mill. The village was named after Breslau, the capital city of the Province of Silesia in the former German Empire (now Wrocław, Poland).
A post office was established in 1857 and began receiving mail on a daily basis. By 1864, the settlement had several tradesmen including two blacksmiths, a cooper, wagon maker, a cabinet maker and two mills.

## Demographics

In the 2021 Census of Population conducted by Statistics Canada, Breslau had a population of 5,053 living in 1,582 of its 1,635 total private dwellings, a change of 33.7% from its 2016 population of 3,778. With a land area of 5.44 km$^2$ (2.10 sq mi), it had a population density of 928.9/km$^2$ (2,405.7/sq mi) in 2021.

## Notable people

* Tubby Schmalz (1916–1981), Canadian ice hockey administrator, first commissioner of the Ontario Major Junior Hockey League
# Ammungan Festival

The Grand Ammungan Festival also known as Ammungan Festival or Nueva Vizcaya Day is a five-day annual festival held in Nueva Vizcaya, Philippines in celebration of the province's founding anniversary.

## Etymology

The word "Ammungan" is a Gaddang word meaning "coming together" or "gathering" symbolizing unity of the different tribes of Nueva Vizcaya.

## History

The festival was started in 1986 by the Nueva Vizcaya Historical Foundation and was formerly named "Panagyaman", an Ilocano word for "Thanksgiving". The festival was in celebration of the founding anniversary of the province of Nueva Vizcaya.
On May 24, 2009, in celebration for the 170th founding anniversary of the province. The first Grand Ammungan Festival was held in Bayombong, Nueva Vizcaya.

## Events

Different shows are held such as the "Cultural and Indigenous Peoples Night" where people from different tribes showcase their culture and traditions, "Children’s Day" where child-friendly games and activities are held, "Search for Saniata ti Tribu Vizcayano" where a beauty pagent is held at provincial capitol featuring one contestant from the 15 municipalities in the province, and "Grand Parade and Float Competition".
The festival also holds a "Tourism expo" to promote tourist attraction from different towns in the province and an Agri-Trade Fair where products from different municipalities from the province was displayed.
Other activities in festival includes: a dance competitions from different schools, and a culinary contest.
# Trapeang Kranhung Commune

Trapeang Kranhung Commune (Khmer: ឃុំត្រពាំងក្រញូង) is a khum (commune) in Tram Kak District, Takéo Province, Cambodia.

## Administration

As of 2019, Trapeang Kranhung Commune has 9 phums (villages) as follows.
| No. | Code | Village | Khmer |
| 1 | 21090701 | Khpob Svay | ខ្ពបស្វាយ |
| 2 | 21090702 | Trapeang Chak | ត្រពាំងចក |
| 3 | 21090703 | Trapeang Skea | ត្រពាំងស្គា |
| 4 | 21090704 | Trapeang Robang | ត្រពាំងរបង |
| 5 | 21090705 | Trapeang Kranhung | ត្រពាំងក្រញូង |
| 6 | 21090706 | Prey Kduoch | ព្រៃក្ដួច |
| 7 | 21090707 | Phlov Louk | ផ្លូវលោក |
| 8 | 21090708 | Prey Talouy | ព្រៃតាឡូយ |
| 9 | 21090709 | Boss Taphong | បុស្សតាផង់ |
# Khosro Haghgosha

Khosro Haghgosha (Persian: خسرو حق‌گشا, 5 January 1948 – 30 October 2003) was an Iranian former cyclist. He competed at the 1972 Summer Olympics and the 1976 Summer Olympics.
# Onychostoma elongatum

Onychostoma elongatum is a species of cyprinid in the genus Onychostoma. It inhabits Laos and Vietnam and has a maximum length of 11.5 centimetres (4.5 in).
# Bachmühlbach

Bachmühlbach is a river of Bavaria, Germany. It flows into the Schwarze Laber in Deuerling.
# Gordon Wilson (British Army officer)

Lieutenant-General Sir Gordon Wilson, KCSI, CB, CBE, MC (1 February 1887 – 17 July 1971) was a British surgeon in the Royal Army Medical Corps, sometime Honorary Surgeon to the King and Director, Medical Services in India.

## Career

Wilson was commissioned into the Royal Army Medical Corps on 27 January 1911 as a lieutenant. During World War I, he was awarded the Military Cross.
He was promoted to colonel on 1 May 1938 and in 1939 he went to France with the British Expeditionary Force and served as Commandant in Dieppe. After the evacuation in 1940, he was appointed Deputy Director of Medical Services with X Corps from 17 July 1940, with the acting, then temporary, rank of brigadier. He relinquished this post on 22 September 1941 and was appointed as the Deputy Director of Medical Services of the Southern Army, India with the permanent rank of major general. He was promoted to the local rank of lieutenant general on 1 June 1943 and, at about the same time, became Director of Medical Services of the Southern Army.
Between 1941 and 1946, Wilson was also Honorary Surgeon to the King (KHS).
Wilson retired on 20 June 1946 as an honorary lieutenant general.

## Awards and decorations

* Knight Commander of the Star of India (13 June 1946)
* Companion of the Order of the Bath (8 June 1944)
* Commander of the Order of the British Empire (11 July 1940)
* Officer of the Order of the British Empire (4 June 1928)
* Military Cross
* Mention in Despatches (26 June 1940)
# Ashburton River / Hakatere

The Ashburton River / Hakatere is a river in the Canterbury region of New Zealand, flowing across Mid Canterbury from the Southern Alps to the Pacific Ocean. The official name of the river was amended to become a dual name by the Ngāi Tahu Claims Settlement Act 1998. It has been identified as an Important Bird Area by BirdLife International because it supports breeding colonies of the endangered black-billed gull.

## Description

The river has two branches which meet 21 kilometres (13 mi) from the coast, just inland of the town of Ashburton. The branches remain parallel and no more than 3 kilometres (1.9 mi) apart for a further 20 kilometres (12 mi) upstream of their confluence, finally diverging near the small settlement of Ashburton Forks. The rivers' path southeast across the Canterbury Plains lies in a shallow depression between the higher shingle fans created by the much larger Rakaia and Rangitata rivers. Both branches are crossed via siphons by the Rangitata Diversion Race, part of an irrigation scheme.
The river separates Ashburton from its southern suburb, Tinwald. Both river and town are named for Bingham Baring, 2nd Baron Ashburton, who was a leading member of the Canterbury Association.

### North branch

The Ashburton River North Branch / Hakatere flows from the slopes of Godley Peak (2,087 metres (6,847 ft)) in the Palmer Range. The uppermost reach of the river is known as Petticoat lane. The river flows south then southwest through narrow scree-sided valleys with almost no areas of river flats. The Black Hills Range and Pudding Hill Range lie to the northeast and the Alford Range to the southwest. The river emerges from the hills adjacent to Pudding Hill airfield.

### South branch

The larger Ashburton River South Branch / Hakatere starts as the outflow of the Ashburton Glacier which flows down from Mount Arrowsmith (2,781 metres (9,124 ft)), 26 kilometres (16 mi) west of the North branch source. It initially flows southeast down a narrow valley between the Big Hill Range and the Wild Man's Brother Range. 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) from source the river trends south, turning southeast again to cross the flat Hakatere Valley where the outflows of several small lakes (collectively known as the Ashburton Lakes) join it. The river exits the valley via the Ashburton Gorge, with the Moorhouse Range to the south and the Clent Hills and Winterslow Range to the north, emerging onto the Canterbury Plains at Mount Somers then flowing east towards Ashburton Forks.
# Chong-Aryk

Chong-Aryk (Kyrgyz: Чоң-Арык) is a village in Jalal-Abad Region of Kyrgyzstan. It is part of the Toktogul District. Its population was 3,523 in 2021. It lies near the northwestern end of the Toktogul Reservoir.
# Diamond Dave (song)

Diamond Dave is a single by the American indie/pop music duo the Bird and the Bee from their 2009 album Ray Guns Are Not Just the Future.
The song explores the narrator's school girl crush on the lead singer of Van Halen, David Lee Roth, also known as Diamond Dave.

## Music video

The music video was directed by Inara George's husband, Jake Kasdan. The director of photography was Brian Burgoyne. The video shows the duo holding casting auditions for "Diamond Dave". The actors auditioning for the role include Eric Wareheim, Simon Helberg and Ken Jeong. Near the end, as George dates Jeong, she walks up to a top hat that a David Lee Roth impersonator left to her. When she picks up the hat, a note under the hat reads “David Lee Roth 2008 Hell Yeah! Nothin’ But Yeah!”
# Santullano

Santullano, Santuyano or Santuyanu may refer to:
* Santullano (Salas), a parish in northern Spain
* Santuyano (Mieres) a parish in Asturias, northern Spain
* Santuyanu (Les Regueres), a parish in northern Spain
* San Julián (Bimenes) (Asturian: Santuyano, official name is bilingual)
* San Julián de los Prados or Santullano, a church in Oviedo, Spain
# Queen Hoesun

Queen Hoesun of the Jinju So clan (Korean: 회순왕후 소씨; Hanja: 懷純王后 蘇氏) was presumed as the queen consort of Goryeo through her marriage with King Heonjong of Goryeo. It was disputed whether she was Heonjong's wife or just added in Jinju So clan's records since all of her existence didn't appear in the Goryeosa.
# Brian Rosso

Brian Rosso (born August 16, 1987) is an Argentine rower. He placed 15th in the men's single sculls event at the 2016 Summer Olympics.
# Ebrahim Raisi Expressway

Ebrahim Raisi Expressway (Persian: بزرگراه آیت الله ابراهیم رئیسی) is an expressway in southern Tehran. It is from Basij Mostazafin Interchange to Besat Square and it passes Tehran southern Bus Terminal.
From East to West :
| | Azadegan Expressway |
| | Emam Reza Street |
| | 17 Shahrivar Street |
| | Fadayian Eslam Street Borujerdi Street |
| | Bokharaei Street |
| Tehran Southern Bus Terminal |||
| Terminal-e Jonub Metro Station |||
| | Rajaei Boulevard |
| Besat Square | Tondguyan Expressway Yadegar-e-Emam Expressway Southern Expansion |
| From West to East |||
# Zhwandun

Zhwandun (Pashto: ژوندون, life), also romanized as Zhvandun, Zhwandon may refer to:
* Zhvandūn, a former Afghan magazine that ran from 1949 to 1996
* Zhwandoon TV, an Afghan television station
# Mireille Fanon Mendès-France

Mireille Fanon Mendès-France, also Mireille Fanon-Mendès France (born 24 November 1953), is a French jurist and anti-racist activist.

## Career

Fanon Mendès-France teaches at Paris Descartes University. She was also a visiting professor at the University of California, Berkeley in international law and conflict resolution. She has also worked for UNESCO and the French National Assembly.
Together with Gilles Devers, she filed a complaint with the International Court of Justice on behalf of groups representing victims of Israeli attacks during the 2008-2009 Gaza War.
Since 2011, she has been an expert for the United Nations Working Group on People of African Descent. She was the president of that UN Working Group from 2014 to 2016.

## Views

In an interview at the Council of Europe in 2020, Fanon Mendès-France called for a new Universal Declaration of Human Rights that has to be recast according to Fanon Mendès-France to no longer reflect a Eurocentric version of the definition of human beings. Fanon Mendès-France acted as board member of the Jewish French Union for Peace and expressed solidarity and support for State of Palestine.

## Family History

Fanon Mendès-France is the daughter of the French political philosopher Frantz Fanon. She is a scholar of decolonisation and a member of the Frantz Fanon Foundation. According to Fanon Mendès-France, her father Frantz Fanon was "blacklisted" in France, where she found it difficult to organize events to honor his memory.
Fanon Mendès-France is the widow of Bernard Mendès-France, the son of the French politician Pierre Mendès France, who served as president of the Council of Ministers under the French Fourth Republic.
# Gorno Nerezi

Gorno Nerezi (Macedonian: Горно Нерези, Albanian: Nerez i Epërm) is a village in the municipality of Karpoš, North Macedonia. The settlement is situated at an altitude of 771 meters (2532 feet). It is located on the wooded slopes of Mt. Vodno, covers a 7 km radius.
Located in Gorno Nerezi is the Church of St. Panteleimon, dedicated to the protector of health. The church was constructed in 1164 by order of Alexius Angelus Comnenus, a member of the imperial family. The frescoes are famous examples of Comnenian Age Byzantine Art.

## Demographics

According to the 1467-68 Ottoman defter, Nerezi appears as being inhabited by an Orthodox Albanian population. Some families had a mixed Slav-Albanian anthroponomy - usually a Slavic first name and an Albanian last name or last names with Albanian patronyms and Slavic suffixes. The names are: Petko Niko son of Zogo, Tan-o son of Doka-ç, (Duka-ç), Brajko his son, Daci son of Doka-ç (Duka-ç), Niko son of Bujçun, Stepa his son, Niko son of Grop-ça, Berislav, Niko his brother, Don-ço son of Çoça.
As of the 2021 census, Gorno Nerezi had 181 residents with the following ethnic composition:
* Albanians 112
* Macedonians 51
* Others 12
* Turks 5
* Persons for whom data are taken from administrative sources 1
According to the 2002 census, the village had a total of 314 inhabitants. Ethnic groups in the village include:
* Albanians 282
* Macedonians 22
* Turks 6
* Vlachs 1
* Serbs 3
# Howard Lasnik

Howard Lasnik (born July 3, 1945) is a distinguished university professor in the department of linguistics at the University of Maryland.
He studied at the Carnegie Institute of Technology (B.S., 1967), Harvard University (M.A., 1969) and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (Ph.D., 1972). He joined the faculty of the University of Connecticut in 1972, and took up his present post at the University of Maryland in 2002.
Lasnik has been a prominent contributor to the syntax literature within a Chomskyan framework, and is one of only a few linguists to have co-written articles with Noam Chomsky. He describes himself as a "conservative" who often finds himself "trying to resurrect old analyses or maintain current analyses that are being supplanted."
# Mousa Kalantari

Mousa Kalantari (Persian: موسی کلانتری; 1949 in Marand — 28 June 1981 in Tehran) was the cabinet minister of transportation in the government of Abolhassan Banisadr. He was the elder brother of Isa Kalantari.
Kalantari was killed in a terrorist attack on 28 June 1981, when a bomb exploded during a political party conference (Hafte tir bombing) with 73 other attendees.