OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# French Foundation for the Study of Human Problems

The French Foundation for the Study of Human Problems (French: Fondation française pour l'étude des problèmes humains), often referred to as the Alexis Carrel Foundation or the Carrel Foundation, was a eugenics organization created by Nobel laureate in Medicine Alexis Carrel under the Vichy regime in World War II France.
Alexis Carrel spent most of his career at the Rockefeller Institute in New York and returned to France just before the outbreak of World War II. Carrel, who had worked previously with Philippe Pétain during the First World War, accepted an offer to establish and lead a foundation for the study of human problems. Its ambitious mission was to give an account of the "human element associating the soul and the body".
Charged with "the comprehensive study of the most appropriate measures needed to safeguard, improve, and advance the French people in all their activities," the Foundation was created by decree of the Vichy regime in 1941, and Carrel was appointed as "regent".
The Foundation initiated studies on demographics (Robert Gessain, Paul Vincent, Jean Bourgeois), nutrition (Jean Sutter), and housing (Jean Merlet), as well as the first polls (Jean Stoetzel). The foundation employed 300 researchers from the summer of 1942 to the end of the autumn of 1944.
The Foundation made many positive accomplishments during its time. It promoted the 16 December 1942 Act which established the prenuptial certificate, which was required before marriage and which sought to insure the good health of the spouses, in particular in regard to sexually transmitted diseases (STD) and "life hygiene". The institute also established the livret scolaire, which could be used to record students' grades in the French secondary schools, and thus classify and select them according to scholastic performance.
Carrel was suspended after the liberation of Paris in August 1944 and died soon thereafter, thus avoiding the inevitable purge. The Foundation itself was "purged", but resurfaced soon after as the French Institute for Demographic Studies (INED) after the war. Most members of Carrel's team moved to INED, led by demographist Alfred Sauvy, who coined the expression "Third World". Others joined Robert Debré's National Hygiene Institute which later became INSERM.
# Sandtorg

Sandtorg is a village in Harstad Municipality in Troms county, Norway. It is located on the eastern shore of the large island of Hinnøya, on the shore of the Tjeldsundet. The village is located along the European route E10 highway in the southern part of the municipality. There are about 300 residents in the village area. The 1,095-metre (3,593 ft) tall mountain Sætertinden is located northwest of the village of Sandtorg, along the border with Tjeldsund Municipality.

## History

Since the early 13th century, there has been a trading post at Sandtorgholmen (where the village of Sandtorg is located). This location became more important in the late 18th century when pilot services were added for foreign and local ships. The trading post continued to be a focal point of Sandtorg until 1945 when the Norwegian Army's communication services took over the facilities after the German occupation (1940–1945). The army returned Sandtorgholmen to civilian use in the 1990s. Today, the Sandtorgholmen trading post features a hotel with a harbor restaurant and meeting facilities.
Sandtorg Municipality was established on 1 July 1926, when it was split from the large Trondenes Municipality. On 1 January 1964, Sandtorg was merged with the neighboring municipalities of Harstad and Trondenes to form the new Harstad Municipality.
Bjarne Berg-Sæther (born 1919) was a significant leader in Sandtorg during the 20th century. He was the mayor of Sandtorg Municipality from 1948 until 1964 when it was merged with Harstad Municipality. He was also the first mayor of the newly merged Harstad Municipality, which occurred in 1964 (and therefore also the last mayor of Sandtorg). During his 20 years as mayor after World War II, boat building factories at Rødskjæret were added, lighted ski tracks, and a community cultural house was built. Many of these additions caused Sandtorg's population to almost double. Today, Sandtorg is a community in transition from farming, fishing, and meat production to a commuter community with a significant part of the population working in the town of Harstad about 37 kilometres (23 mi) away.

## Name

The village (originally the parish) is named after the old Sandtorg farm (Old Norse: Sandþorghom). The first element is sandr which means "sandy area". The last element is torg which means "town square" or "marketplace".
# Petseri County

Petseri County (Estonian: Petserimaa) was a county of Estonia established in 1918. Since 1944, however, most of the county has been administered as Pechorsky District of Pskov Oblast, first by the Russian SFSR and then, from 1991, by Russia. Estonia retains territories that today constitute Setomaa Parish in modern Võru County.

## History

The territorial composition of the whole historic province of Petseri County (Petserimaa) is regarded as the homeland of the Setos, a Balto-Finnic people related to Estonians. The Russian inhabitants of Petseri district were mainly Old Believers who spoke a transitional dialect between Russian and the Belarusian language. In the mid-15th century one of the most important Russian Orthodox monasteries, the Pskovo-Pechersky Monastery, was founded in the area.
During the last year of World War I, from February to December 1918, the county's capital, Pechory, was occupied by German forces. (As such, the county including the town and the territory surrounding it was devised to be part of the Baltic Duchy.) The town was then captured by Estonian forces on March 29, 1919, during the Estonian War of Independence. The Treaty of Tartu of 1920 subsequently assigned Pechory and its surrounding territory, the Setomaa region, to Estonia. Pechory was renamed Petseri and the area became Petseri County. Saint Peter's Lutheran Church was built in 1926 at Petseri.
During World War II, the county was occupied by the German army between August 1941 and August 11, 1944, and then by Soviet forces during their advance toward Nazi Germany. Soviet authorities transferred most of Petseri county from the Estonian SSR to the Russian SFSR in 1944.
After Estonia regained independence from the Soviet Union in August 1991, Estonia raised the question of a return to the borders under the Treaty of Tartu: Estonia dropped this claim in November 1995, however. Estonia and Russia signed the Estonian–Russian Border Treaty on May 18, 2005: the preamble noted that the international border had partly changed, in accordance with Article 122 of the Estonian Constitution.
# I Do, Do I?

I Do, Do I? (Chinese: 嫁给不同世界的你) was a Singaporean television series starring Felicia Chin, Jason Godfrey, Cynthia Koh, Ferlyn Wong, Tyler Ten, Zong Zijie and Thai actress Panitsara Yang. Revolving around three interracial couples, the series marks Chin's first leading role in a Channel 8 drama series since leaving Mediacorp in June 2022. The series debuted on meWATCH on 18 December 2023 and aired on Channel 8 every weekdays at 9 pm local time.

## Cast

* Felicia Chin as Tu Youmi
* Jason Godfrey as Leonardo De Luca
* Cynthia Koh as Pan Anyu
* Ferlyn Wong as Jiang Yihua
* Tyler Ten as Ma Jiabao
* Zong Zijie as Johan
* Panitsara Yang as Fon
* Marcus Chin as Tu Jinsheng
* Aileen Tan as Hong Lixia
* Herman Keh as Kris
* Juin Teh as Zhong Meishi
* Kevin as Theo
* Kayly Loh as Lian Yurou
* Pierre Png as Hugo

## Production

In an interview, Chin revealed that she took no-pay leave for three months from her full-time content creator job to film the series.
# Ananda (King of Anxi)

Ananda (Chinese: 阿難答, Mongolian: ᠠᠨᠠᠨᠳᠠ) was an imperial prince of the Yuan dynasty of China. He was descended from Genghis Khan, as the grandson of Kublai Khan, and son of Manggala, the third son of Kublai. He held the noble title of King of Anxi (安西王).
Ananda was a devoted Muslim. According to Persian historian Rashid-al-Din Hamadani, he was raised by a Muslim from Central Asia whose name was Hassan. Under the influence of his step-father, Ananda became a Muslim. Temür Khan of China, the cousin of Ananda, tried to convert Ananda to Buddhism after discovering that Ananda was promulgating Islam in northwestern China where his fief was located. The prince's action was seen as unorthodox since most of the Mongols were affiliated with Buddhism. However, Ghazan Khan of Persia, another member of Genghis Khan's family, converted to Islam as well. Ananda mentioned Ghazan upon being called to the court. Temür was not able to change the mind of Ananda and decided to tolerate his practice of religion.
The father of Ananda was enfeoffed with the Hexi Region, Tibet, and Sichuan Province. The broad fief made Ananda a competitive player in the politics of China. He gathered his army under his tent and converted his soldiers to Islam. The location of Ananda's throne was in the Liupan mountains of northwestern China where Genghis Khan spent his final days. The official title of Ananda was King of Anxi.
In 1295, Ananda was in charge of the defense against Kaidu's invasion of Yuan China. After the death of Temür Khan, Ananda aimed his goal at seizing the throne of China. He was appointed the regent of China with the support of Aqutai, the left chancellor. However, his ambition was disillusioned by Külüg Khan and right chancellor Qarahesun in the year 1307. In the same year, he was executed by Külüg.
Ananda's scheme of usurpation, at first glance, was prevented by Külüg. However, according to the History of Yuan, Ayurbarwada, younger brother of Külüg, came to Khanbaliq before Ananda took power and imprisoned him.
After his defeat and death, the Muslim population under his rule remained and became one of the main sources of Hui Chinese. His enthusiasm in Islam also made it one of the most important religions in northwestern China.
Ananda had a son, Yerutömör who inherited his title and became King of Anxi.
# Qezel Kand

Qezel Kand (Persian: قزل كند), also rendered as Ghezel Kand, may refer to:
* Qezel Kand, Afghanistan
* Qezel Kand, Iran
* Qezel Kand, Razavi Khorasan, Iran
* Qezel Kand-e Olya, Iran
* Qezel Kand-e Sofla, Iran
# Majid Barzegar

Majid Barzegar (Persian: مجید برزگر; born March 6, 1973, in Hamedan) is an Iranian film director, producer, screenwriter, and photographer. He established his own film company Rainy pictures in 2005 with the aim of stimulating the independent film production in Iran.

## Biography

Since 1990, the critically acclaimed Iranian filmmaker and producer, Majid Barzegar has been involved in the production of many independent short and feature films. Most of these films have been showcased at various international film festivals including Berlinale, San Sebastian Film Festival, Rotterdam Film Festival, São Paulo Film Festival and Thessaloniki Film Festival, besides many others.
A Minor Leap Down, produced by Barzegar, has been recently won the reputable FIPRESCI's prize in the Panorama section of Berlinale 2015. Parviz, co-produced and directed by Barzegar himself, has won numerous awards including the Jury's Special Mention Award (Competitive Section-New Directors) of the 2012 San Sebastian International Film Festival and the NETPAC Award at the 2012 Asiatica Film Mediale, Rome, Italy. His 2010 film Rainy Seasons also won the Jury's Special Mention Award at the 34th São Paulo International Film Festival in Brazil and was nominated for the Tiger Awards at the 2011 Rotterdam International Film Festival.
Barzegar has also been the president of the board of the Iranian Short Film Association (ISFA) since 2008.
As a producer, Barzegar founded his Tehran-based company rainypictures in 1998 with the aim of developing and producing independent, original films that stand out amid the humdrum of Iranian mainstream cinema.

## Filmography

| Year | Film | Credited as | Credited as | Credited as | Notes |
| Year | Film | Director | Producer | Writer | Notes |
| 2010 | Bubble | No | Yes | No | Directed by: Saman Estaraki |
| 2010 | Rainy Seasons | Yes | Yes | Yes | Co-written with Hamed Rajabi, Co-produced with Manouchehr Shahsavari |
| 2012 | Parviz | Yes | No | Yes | Co-produced with Saeed Armand, Co-written with Hamed Rajabi, Bardia Yadegari |
| 2015 | A Minor Leap Down | No | Yes | No | Directed by: Hamed Rajabi |
| 2015 | Immortal | No | Yes | No | Directed by:Seyed Hadi Mohaghegh/ Co-produced with Reza Mohaghegh |
| 2015 | A Very Ordinary Citizen | Yes | No | Yes | Produced by: Saeed Armand with financial support of the Hubert Bals Fund, Rotterdam International Film Festival |
| 2015 | Valderrama | No | Yes | No | Directed by:Abbas Amini |
| 2016 | the Pot and the Oak | No | Yes | No | Directed by:Kiarash Anvari |
| 2019 | Leakage | No | Yes | No | Directed by:Suzan Iravanian |
| 2020 | Enemies | No | Yes | No | Directed by:Ali Derakhshandeh |
| 2020 | The Rain Falls Where it Will | Yes | Yes | Yes | Directed by:Majid Barzegar |
| 2020 | Wolf Cubs of Apple Valley | No | Yes | No | Directed by:Fereydoun Najafi |
| 2021 | MAMAN | No | Yes | No | Directed by:Arash Aneessee |
# Clay County Progress

Clay County Progress is a weekly newspaper in Hayesville, North Carolina, and Clay County. It covers Clay and Cherokee counties in North Carolina and Towns County, Georgia.
The Progress is owned by Athens, Georgia-based Community Newspapers, Inc., which also operates the Cherokee Scout in Murphy, the Graham Star in Robbinsville, and the Smoky Mountain Times in Bryson City, amongst other publications in the southeastern United States.

## History

The Clay County Progress was preceded by two other newspapers. The Clay County Courier launched in 1902 and operated through at least 1909. It was published by G.W. Sanderson and edited by G.H. Haigler. The Clay County News launched Sep. 17, 1926. James Andrew Gray began publishing it with his wife as associate editor. Subsequent editors included Alvin Penland (1937-1938), Eula Gray (1938-1939), and Lucille Padgett (1939-1942). L. E. Hollifield, Jr., bought the newspaper in March 1942 and then sold publishing rights to Cross Printing Co., of Clayton, Georgia, by October 1942. At that time L. P. Cross took over duties as editor and the paper was printed in Clayton. The Clay County News stopped printing in 1943, only to be briefly revived by Rev. L. P. Smith, Guy Padgett and Hattie Jarrett in 1947 before closing for good the following year.
In November 1951, Rev. J. K. Hutchings, pastor of a baptist church in Hiawassee, Georgia, and publisher of the Towns County Herald, started the Clay County Progress. Publishing rights were sold to The Cherokee Scout in nearby Murphy in 1961 and the Scout printed a combined Cherokee Scout and Clay County Progress edition between 1961 and 1980. The Progress has been printed on the Scout's press ever since.
The Progress has twice faced competition. In 1975, the Mountain News opened an office in Hayesville. It is uncertain how long the paper printed locally. Between 1987 and January 2012, weekly newspaper The Smoky Mountain Sentinel operated out of Hayesville. The Sentinel had a circulation of 4,000 when it shut down due to the publisher falling ill. Since it closed, the Progress has been the only newspaper in Clay County.
In the 1980s, The Progress was headquartered on the town square at 57 Main Street before moving to Moore's Plaza on Business Highway 64. In 2003, the newspaper moved to a brick building on the square at 43 Main Street. In October 2023, the paper returned to Moore's Plaza but did not explain why it moved.
The Progress has sponsored Clay County's annual Christmas parade since its inception in 1987. The newspaper's website, ClayCountyProgress.com, launched by February 2002. The Progress began publishing "Reader's Choice" awards in 2022.

## Publishers

* J. K. Hutchings (1951–1952)
* Paul G. Cutright (1952–1953)
* Lucille Padgett (1953–1954)
* Gene Robinson (1954–1957)
* Denzle Whitehair (1957–1961)
* Cherokee Scout (1961–1980)
* Fran Fuller (–1986)
* Faith Hall (1986–1987)
* Lonnie Britt (1987–)
* Becky Long (1992–present)
# Pou Vannary

Pou Vannary (Khmer: ពៅ វណ្ណារី) was a Cambodian singer active in the early 1970s. She was one of many Cambodian musicians believed to have perished during the Khmer Rouge regime starting in 1975.

## History

Little is known of Pou Vannary's life and history, and her music career was very short. She was a late entrant in the thriving Cambodian rock and pop music scene of the 1960s and 70s, which initially had been fostered by Head of State Norodom Sihanouk. That scene was first influenced by French and Latin American pop records that had been imported into Cambodia, and later by Western rock and roll and soul music via U.S. armed forces radio that had been broadcast to troops stationed nearby during the Vietnam War.
Vannary was profiled in the 2015 documentary film on the history of Cambodian pop music, Don't Think I've Forgotten. According to research conducted for the film, Vannary was somewhat unusual among other female Cambodian pop singers of her time, due to her relaxed vocal style and ability to accompany herself on acoustic guitar in the mode of an American singer-songwriter. She could also speak English and specialized in translated versions of American/British pop songs. Her most widely-known recording today is a cover of James Taylor’s "You've Got a Friend" with Khmer lyrics.
Like many of her contemporaries in Cambodian popular music, Vannary's career ended abruptly when the Khmer Rouge gained control of the country in April 1975 and forced city dwellers to become farm workers to fulfill their visions of agrarian socialism and the eradication of all foreign and western influences (including music) from Cambodian society. Vannary disappeared during the ensuing Cambodian genocide and her exact fate is unknown. Few of her recordings have survived due to the chaos of the Khmer Rouge regime. Her rendition of "You’ve Got a Friend" appeared on the soundtrack to Don't Think I've Forgotten in 2015, and a few more of her songs have appeared on compilations like the 2011 CD Cambodia Rock Spectacular! and Cambodia Rock Intensified!, both issued by Lion Productions.
# Kenny Davis (musician)

Kenny Davis (born September 4, 1961) is an American jazz bassist.
Davis released two albums as leader for Soul Note.
He was also member of the Blue Note Records group Out of the Blue and has appeared on albums by Gary Bartz, Art Farmer, Don Byron, Eric Person, Michele Rosewoman, Onaje Allan Gumbs and others.
Kenny is currently professor of Jazz Bass and Jazz History at the Mason Gross School of the Arts at Rutgers University in New Brunswick, New Jersey.

## Discography
### As sideman

With Geri Allen
* Geri Allen & Timeline Live (Motema, 2010)
With Cecil Brooks III
* Hangin' with Smooth (Muse, 1990)
With Uri Caine
* Sphere Music (JMT, 1993)
With James Carter
* Caribbean Rhapsody (EmArcy, 2011)
With Steve Coleman
* The Tao of Mad Phat (Novus, 1993)
With Robin Eubanks
* Mental Images (JMT, 1994)
With Art Farmer
* The Company I Keep (Arabesque, 1994) with Tom Harrell
* The Meaning of Art (Arabesque, 1995)
* Silk Road (Arabesque, 1997)
With Cassandra Wilson
* Blue Light 'til Dawn (Blue Note, 1993)
* Earl MacDonald, "Re:Visions - works for jazz orchestra", Death Defying Records, 2010
* Carla Cook, Simply Natural, Maxjazz 2002
* Regina Carter, Something for Grace, Atlantic, 1997
* Steve Coleman & Five Elements, The TAO of Mad Phat Fringed Zones, Novus, 1993
* Out of the Blue, O.T.B Live at Mt. Fuji Jazz Festival, O.T.B/Blue Note, 1986
# Zhitnoye

Zhitnoye (Russian: Житное) is a rural locality (a selo) and the administrative center of Zhitninsky Selsoviet of Ikryaninsky District, Astrakhan Oblast, Russia. The population was 1,902 as of 2010. There are 29 streets.

## Geography

Zhitnoye is located 42 km south of Ikryanoye (the district's administrative centre) by road. Mumra is the nearest rural locality.
# Victor Matizen

Victor Eduardovich Matizen (Russian: Ви́ктор Эдуа́рдович Ма́тизен; born February 19, 1949, Leningrad, USSR) is a Soviet and Russian film critic, president of the Russian Guild of Film Critics (2003–2011), chairman of the Council of Film Award White Elephant, curator of the site of the Guild kinopressa.ru.
He graduated from the Mechanics and Mathematics Department of Novosibirsk State University with a degree in Probability Theory in 1970.
Laureate of the Golden Aries Award, the State Film Fund of the Russian Federation and the Guild of Film Critics and Film Critics.
He joined the Union of Cinematographers of the Russian Federation in 1991, but in March 2009, at a meeting of filmmakers in Gostiny Dvor, he was expelled from him for criticizing the leadership of the union headed by Nikita Mikhalkov, being the only one expelled from this organization in the post-Soviet period.
In March 2014 signed the letter, We Are With You! In support of Ukraine.
In March 2022, Matizen signed a collective appeal of film critics, film historians and film journalists of Russia against Russian invasion of Ukraine.
# Hoo Hey How

Hoo Hey How (Chinese: 魚蝦蟹; pinyin: yú xiā xiè; lit. 'Fish-Prawn-Crab') is a Chinese dice game played with three identical six-sided dice. It is related to Bầu cua cá cọp in Vietnam, Klah Klok (Khmer: ខ្លាឃ្លោក, romanized: khlaa khlook, lit. 'leopard') in Cambodia, and similar to Crown and Anchor in the West Indies and the American game chuck-a-luck.
Die face variants :
| Face | Hoo Hey How (Yu Xia Xie) | Alternate | Bầu cua cá cọp | Klah Klok |
| 1 | Fish | Fish | Fish | Fish |
| 2 | Calabash | Calabash | Calabash | Stag |
| 3 | Prawn | Cock | Tiger | Prawn |
| 4 | Crab | Prawn | Crab | Crab |
| 5 | Coin | Coin | Prawn | Calabash |
| 6 | Cock | Crab | Cock | Cock |
# Hans Becker-Foss

Hans Christoph Becker-Foss (born 1949 in Höxter) is a German conductor, organist and harpsichordist and professor at the Hochschule für Musik und Theater Hannover.

## Biography

Becker-Foss studied church music in Bremen. From 1973 to 1979 he was director of the Hastedter Kantorei in Bremen. Since 1993 he has been director of the Göttinger Vokalensemble. With the NDR Radiophilharmonie and the NDR Sinfonieorchester, Jenaer Philharmonie, the Staatsorchester Rheinische Philharmonie Koblenz, the Prague Symphony Orchestra, the Folkwang Kammerorchester Essen among others.
Becker-Foss has contributed to many performances of Schubert, Mendelssohn, Schumann, Brahms and Mahler and has conducted the Capella Classica in works of Mozart, Beethoven, Haydn and Schubert. Since 1980 he has been a lecturer of organ and early music at the Hochschule für Musik und Theater Hannover, appointed professor in 1993. Essentially a specialist for Baroque organ music, he has performed the works of Dieterich Buxtehude, Couperin and Bach. He is a recipient of the Preis der deutschen Schallplattenkritik in 2001.
# Hajji Fath Ali

Hajji Fath Ali (Persian: حاجي فتحعلي, also Romanized as Ḩājjī Fatḩ ‘Alī and Ḩājī Fatḩ ‘Alī; also known as Haj Fat-hali and Ḩājj Fatḩ ‘Alī) is a village in Yeylaq Rural District, in the Central District of Buin va Miandasht County, Isfahan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 167, in 23 families.
# Keshar, Iran

Keshar or Kashar (Persian: كشار) may refer to:
* Keshar-e Bala, village in Hormozgan province
* Keshar-e Chemerdan, village in Hormozgan province
* Keshar-e Dustani, village in Hormozgan province
* Keshar-e Sargap, village in Hormozgan province
* Keshar-e Zir, village in Hormozgan province
* Keshar Rural District, an administrative division of Khamir County, Hormozgan province
* Keshar-e Olya, village in Tehran province
* Keshar-e Sofla, village in Tehran province
# Salzmünde

Salzmünde is a village and a former municipality in the district Saalekreis, in Saxony-Anhalt, Germany.
Since 1 January 2010, it is part of the municipality Salzatal.