OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Zakhchin

The Zakhchin (Mongolian: Захчин) is a subgroup of the Oirats residing in Khovd Province, Mongolia. Zakhchin means 'Border people'. They are so called because they originated from the border garrison (mainly from Torghut, Dorbet Oirat, and Dzungar) of the Dzungar Khanate. They originally spoke the Zakhchin dialect of the Oirat language, but actually pure Oirat language is used by elder generations, younger generations use a dialect being under a strong Khalkha influence.

## History

The Zakhchins conquered by the Manchus of the Qing dynasty in 1754 and controlled by Zasagt Khan aimag's Tsevdenjav gün, then moved to Zereg and Shar Khulsan. One Banner with 4(+1) sums were designated for them and noble Maamad (Mamuud) zaisan became the chieftain but Mamuud killed by Zungharian king Amarsanaa later and the Zakhchins revolted together with Amursana against the Qing.
The sums were:
* Bichgiin meeren's sum (in modern Mankhan, Khovd province)
* Güüj zan's sum (in modern Altai and part of Must, Khovd province)
* Baljinnyam zahiragch sum (in modern Zereg and parts of Mankhan in Khovd province)
* Jantsandorj's sum or Hoit (North) sum (in modern Mankhan, Khovd province)
* Guniikhen (in modern Uyench, Khovd province)
Administrative center was in Hoit sum's Tögrög Hüree.
During the Bogd Khanate of Mongolia, Zakhchin was subject to Dörbet Ünen Zorigt Khan aimag. The south Banner is called Goviinkhon "people of the Gobi", while the north was called the Shiliinkhen "people of the mountain range".

## Clans

Zakhchin has 16 tamga (seal) and 30 clans. Some of them are:
* Donjooniikhon
* Damjaaniikhan
* Shurdaankhan
* Baykhiinkhan
* Emchiinkhen
* Khereid
* Tsagaan Yas
* Aatiinkhan
* Dumiyenkhen
* Burd Tariachin
* Adsagiinkhan
* Tavagzaaniikhan
* Nokhoikhon
* Khotonguud
* Khurmshtiinkhan
* Mukhlainkhan

## Number

The Zakhchin numbered 29,800 in 2000.

## Famous Zakhchins in modern Mongolia

* Tsakhiagiin Elbegdorj, who is a former President of Mongolia
* Damdingiin Demberel, who is current speaker of State Parliament
* Rinchinnyamyn Amarjargal, who is a former Prime Minister of Mongolia
# Maharaja Ajasath

Maharaja Ajasath (Sinhala: මහරජ අජාසත්) is a 2015 Sri Lankan Sinhala epic biographical film directed by Sanath Abeysekara and produced by Sunil T. Fernando for Sunil T. Films. It stars Jeevan Kumaratunga, Gayan Wikramathilake, and Palitha Silva in lead roles along with Sabeetha Perera and Hashini Gonagala. Music co-composed by Rohana Weerasinghe and Ranga Dassanayaka. A special screening was taken place prior to original screening at Tharangani Cinema Hall, at National Film Corporation of Sri Lanka for Buddhist Monks.
The film reveals the story of King Ajasath, who lived in Magadha Empire, North India during the period of Buddha. The film shows how he who caused the death of his father to achieve the throne later seek refuge in Dharma.

## Cast

* Jeevan Kumaratunga as King Bimbisara
* Sabeetha Perera as Kosala Devi
* Gayan Wikramathilake as Maharaja Ajasath
* Palitha Silva as Rev. Devadatta Thero
* Nadeeka Gunasekara as Kakawalli
* Hashini Gonagala as Princess Vajira
* Robin Fernando as Purohitha
* Rex Kodippili as Purohitha
* Roshan Ranawana as Sonu
* Cletus Mendis as Purohitha
* Wasantha Kumaravila as Maha Senavi
* G.R Perera as Mahamathya
* Menaka Maduwanthi as Badirawathi
* Geetha Kanthi Jayakody as Punna
* Gnananga Gunawardena
* Manel Chandralatha as Servant
* Lucien Bulathsinhala as Acharya, Who name make Ajasaththa
# George Hoadley (Ohio politician)

George Hoadley (December 15, 1781 – February 20, 1857) was the fourth Mayor of New Haven, Connecticut from 1822 to 1826 and the eighth Mayor of Cleveland, Ohio in 1846.
Hoadley was born in Connecticut to Timothy and Rebecca (Taintor) Hoadley. Hoadley graduated from Yale University in 1801, where he studied law. He served as mayor of New Haven.
Upon William Woolsey's return to his business ventures in New York in 1825, he selected Hoadley to succeed him as Eagle Bank of New Haven president. The founders of the bank were too busy with other endeavors to oversee Hoadley. In September of 1825, after Hoadley had loaned out nearly the entire value of the bank in inadequately collateralized loans, the bubble burst and the Eagle Bank of New Haven declared bankruptcy. In charge of their endowment, Yale College lost over $21,000, bringing the total value of the endowment down to $1,800. Unpaid debts for the college at the time amounted to well over $19,000, causing Yale president Jeremiah Day to obtain emergency sources of financing. The collapse of the bank was catastrophic to the City of New Haven, precipitating a depression in the local economy.
In disgrace, Hoadley quietly moved to Cleveland in 1830 and established his own law practice. Hoadley served as Justice of the Peace from 1832 to 1846 and was elected mayor for a two-year term in 1846.
The first high school for boys in Cleveland was opened in 1846 after Hoadley and his predecessor, Samuel Starkweather, worked to establish the first high school in Cleveland.

## Personal life

Hoadley was married 8 November 1819 in New Haven, Connecticut to Mary Ann Woolsey and had four children: Mary Ann, Elisabeth Dwight, George, who became governor of Ohio in 1883, and Laura.
Hoadley died in Cleveland and is buried in the Erie Street Cemetery. His wife, and daughter Laura, are buried in Highland Park Cemetery, Highland Hills, Cuyahoga Co, Ohio. His wife died 2 May 1871 in Cleveland and Laura died 21 June 1853 at the age of 18.
# Esmatabad

Esmatabad or Ismatabad (Persian: عصمت اباد) may refer to:
* Esmatabad, Kerman
* Esmatabad, Qazvin
* Esmatabad, Razavi Khorasan
* Esmatabad, Quchan, Razavi Khorasan Province
* Esmatabad, Tehran
* Esmatabad, Mehriz, Yazd Province
* Esmatabad, Taft, Taft Province
# Federation of Maritime Workers

The Federation of Maritime Workers (Dutch: Federatie van Werknemers in de Zeevaart, FWZ) was a trade union representing sailors in the Netherlands.
The union was founded in 1967, when the recently-founded General Association of Seafarers merged with the Central Organisation of Sailors and Fishermen. Originally named the Federation of Workers' Organisations in Maritime Shipping, like both its predecessors, it affiliated to the Dutch Confederation of Trade Unions (NVV). In 1969, its fishing section transferred to the Dutch Transport Workers' Union, but in 1970, it was joined by the Association of Captains and Officers of the Merchant Navy. In 1974, the union formed the Federation of Transport Trade Unions, with the Transport Workers' Union NVV and the Transport Workers' Union NKV, but it left in 1976.
In 1982, the union was a founding affiliate of the Federation of Dutch Trade Unions (FNV), at which time, it had 6,368 members. In 2007, the union formed the Nautilus federation with the British National Union of Marine, Aviation and Shipping Transport Officers, and it accordingly renamed itself as Nautilus NL. At the same time, it created FNV Waterbouw, as a joint venture with the Construction and Wood Union, to represent marine engineers.
On 15 May 2009, the union merged fully into Nautilus International.

## Presidents

    1967: Willy van Zuylen
    1981: Cees Roodenburg
    1988: Piet Trommel
    1995: Ed Sarton
    2006: Marcel van den Broek
# Pervomayskoye, Tomsk Oblast

Pervomayskoye (Russian: Первомайское) is a rural locality (a selo) and the administrative center of Pervomaysky District, Tomsk Oblast, Russia. Population: 5,641 (2010 Census); 5,800 (2002 Census); 5,851 (1989 Soviet census).

## Climate

Climate data for Pervomayskoye (extremes 1936-present) :
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 4.0 (39.2) | 7.4 (45.3) | 15.9 (60.6) | 29.3 (84.7) | 35.0 (95.0) | 35.8 (96.4) | 35.3 (95.5) | 33.6 (92.5) | 31.6 (88.9) | 22.6 (72.7) | 10.4 (50.7) | 5.0 (41.0) | 35.8 (96.4) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | −13.5 (7.7) | −9.0 (15.8) | −0.2 (31.6) | 8.8 (47.8) | 17.3 (63.1) | 23.4 (74.1) | 25.5 (77.9) | 22.3 (72.1) | 14.9 (58.8) | 6.0 (42.8) | −5.0 (23.0) | −11.3 (11.7) | 6.6 (43.9) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | −17.9 (−0.2) | −14.2 (6.4) | −6.2 (20.8) | 2.6 (36.7) | 10.3 (50.5) | 16.9 (62.4) | 19.2 (66.6) | 15.9 (60.6) | 9.1 (48.4) | 1.8 (35.2) | −8.7 (16.3) | −15.3 (4.5) | 1.1 (34.0) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −21.5 (−6.7) | −18.2 (−0.8) | −11.1 (12.0) | −2.3 (27.9) | 4.7 (40.5) | 11.2 (52.2) | 13.6 (56.5) | 10.9 (51.6) | 4.9 (40.8) | −1.3 (29.7) | −11.8 (10.8) | −18.9 (−2.0) | −3.3 (26.0) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −52.0 (−61.6) | −52.6 (−62.7) | −41.0 (−41.8) | −30.1 (−22.2) | −12.2 (10.0) | −3.0 (26.6) | 2.1 (35.8) | −2.4 (27.7) | −8.2 (17.2) | −27.0 (−16.6) | −50.8 (−59.4) | −52.0 (−61.6) | −52.6 (−62.7) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 20.5 (0.81) | 16.8 (0.66) | 17.6 (0.69) | 25.1 (0.99) | 41.8 (1.65) | 58.4 (2.30) | 66.9 (2.63) | 58.0 (2.28) | 49.0 (1.93) | 38.2 (1.50) | 41.5 (1.63) | 31.0 (1.22) | 464.8 (18.29) |
| Source: pogoda.ru.net ||||||||||||||
# Olga Kocharovskaya

Olga Anatolevna Kocharovskaya (Russian: Ольга Анатольевна Кочаровская) is a distinguished professor of physics at Texas A&M University, known for her contributions to laser physics, quantum optics and gamma ray modulation.

## Education

Kocharovskaya earned a doctorate in 1986 from N. I. Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod. Her research at that time was the first to study electromagnetically induced transparency.

## Research and career

Kocharovskaya began her postdoctoral research at the Institute of Applied Physics Russian Academy of Sciences in 1986, where she became a senior scientist in 1992 and group leader in 1996. From 1990 to 1996, she was also a visiting research scientist at the Université libre de Bruxelles. She completed a habilitation thesis titled "Lasers without population inversion" in 1996, awarded by the Commission of the Russian Federation. In 1998, she joined Texas A&M University as an associate professor, and became a distinguished professor in 2006.

## Awards and honours

Kocharovskaya received the Outstanding Young Professor of the Russian Federation Award of the Russian Academy of Science in 1996, and was one of three inaugural winners of the Willis E. Lamb Award for Laser Science and Quantum Optics in 1998, sponsored by the annual Physics of Quantum Electronics conference. She has also been a recipient of the University Distinguished Professor Award (2011) and the Distinguished Scientist Award from Sigma Xi, the Scientific Research Society at Texas A&M University (2012).
She received the American Physical Society Norman F. Ramsey Prize in Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics, and in Precision Tests of Fundamental Laws and Symmetries (2023) and the Herbert Walther Award (2024). She has been a fellow of the Optical Society since 1997, and of the APS since 2005.
# Travin

Travin (Russian: Травин) is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Aleksandr Travin (1937–1989), Soviet Olympic basketball player
* Andrei Travin (b. 1979), Kazakh association football player
* Gleb Travin (1902–1979), Russian cyclist
# Prayagraj district

Prayagraj district, formerly known as Allahabad district, is the most populous district in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh. Prayagraj city is the district headquarters of this district. The District is divided into blocks within tehsils. As of 2011, there are 20 blocks in eight tehsils. The Prayagraj division includes the districts of Pratapgarh, Fatehpur, Kaushambi and Prayagraj, with some western parts that had previously part of Allahabad District becoming part of the new Kaushambi District. The administrative divisions are Phulpur, Koraon, Meja, Sadar, Soraon, Handia, Bara, Shringverpur and Karchana.
The three rivers of India - Ganges, Yamuna and the mythical river of Sarasvati - meet at a point in the district, known as Triveni Sangam, considered holy by Hindus. Prayagraj is one of the largest educational hubs.

## Demographics

According to the 2011 Census of India the district has a population of 5,954,391. This gives it a ranking of 13th in India (out of a total of 640). As of 2011 it is the most populous district of Uttar Pradesh (out of 71). The district has a population density of 1,087 inhabitants per square kilometre (2,820/sq mi). Its population growth rate over the decade 2001-2011 was 20.74%.
The district has a sex ratio of 902 females for every 1000 males, and a literacy rate of 74.41%, highest in the region and close to the all-India average of 74%. 24.75% of the population lives in urban areas. Scheduled Castes made up 22.00% of the population.

### Religion

Religions in Prayagraj district (2011) :
| Religion | Religion | Percent | Percent |
| Hinduism | Hinduism | 85.69% | 85.69% |
| Islam | Islam | 13.38% | 13.38% |
| Other or not stated | Other or not stated | 0.93% | 0.93% |
Hinduism is majority religion in the district with 85.69% followers. Islam is second most popular religion in district of Prayagraj with approximately 13.38% following it. Around 0.93% stated 'Other Religion', approximately 0.51% stated 'No Particular Religion'. Small numbers of Christians live in the district.
The Prayag Kumbh Mela is a major Hindu event. Prayagraj has a Triveni Sangam. Akshayavat is a sacred fig tree. There is a Roman Catholic Diocese of Allahabad.

### Languages

Languages of Prayagraj district (2011)
At the time of the 2011 Census of India, 94.91% of the population in the district spoke Hindi (or a variant of Hindi), 2.69% Urdu and 1.86% Awadhi as their first language.
People in the district speak Awadhi, a language in the Hindi continuum spoken by over 4 million people, mainly in the Awadh region; and Bagheli, which has a lexical similarity of 72-91% with Hindi and is spoken by about 3 million people in Bagelkhand.
# My Quick Way Out

My Quick Way Out (Spanish: Volando voy) is a 2006 Spanish film directed by Miguel Albaladejo which stars Borja Navas as Juan Carlos "El Pera".

## Plot

Based on the early life of Juan Carlos Delgado "el Pera" [es] and set in the 1970s, the plot follows the mishaps of Juan Carlos, a 9-year-old car thief and driver from Getafe, who only sees his delinquent life back on track thanks to the efforts of Tío Alberto at Leganés's Ciudad de los Muchachos school.

## Cast

* Borja Navas as Juan Carlos el Pera [es]
* Fernando Tejero as Juan
* Mariola Fuentes as Pepita
* Àlex Casanovas [es] as tío Alberto
* Mar Regueras as Bego
* José Luis García Pérez as el señorito

## Production

The film is a Mediapro, Sogecine, and Estudios Picasso production, and it had the participation of Telecinco, Telemadrid, TV3 and Canal+. Shooting locations included Madrid and Toledo.

## Release

Distributed by Soqepaq, the film was released theatrically in Spain on 13 January 2006. It was picked up within Karlovy Vary International Film Festival's main competition slate for its international premiere.

## Reception

Javier Ocaña of El País deemed the film to be "overly explanatory and somewhat discursive", considering that it ends up "buried by too many ups and downs in writing, directing and acting".
Pere Vall of Fotogramas rating the film 2 out of 5 stars, pointing out at the writing as the film's worst, while positively singling out Mariola Fuentes and some family sequences as positive elements.
Jonathan Holland of Variety deemed the film to be "an unconvincing period piece based on the true story of a kid criminal in ’70s Madrid", "studded with good moments" but failing "to develop its rich source material".
# Maruleng Local Municipality

Maruleng Municipality (Northern Sotho: Mmasepala wa Maruleng) is a local municipality within the Mopani District Municipality, in the Limpopo province of South Africa. The seat of the municipality is Hoedspruit.

## Main places

The 2001 census divided the municipality into the following main places:
| Place | Code | Area (km$^2$) | Population | Most spoken language |
| Banereng Ba Letsoalo | 92201 | 122.29 | 6,752 | Northern Sotho |
| Banereng Ba Sekororo | 92202 | 210.51 | 35,268 | Northern Sotho |
| Hoedspruit | 92203 | 7.17 | 2,052 | Afrikaans |
| Letaba | 92204 | 21.58 | 2,483 | Northern Sotho |
| Mametja | 92205 | 316.08 | 26,702 | Northern Sotho |
| Naphuno | 92207 | 10.36 | 8,188 | Northern Sotho |
| Remainder of the municipality | 92206 | 2,543.64 | 12,929 | Tsonga |

## Politics

The municipal council consists of twenty-seven members elected by mixed-member proportional representation. Fourteen councillors are elected by first-past-the-post voting in fourteen wards, while the remaining thirteen are chosen from party lists so that the total number of party representatives is proportional to the number of votes received. In the election of 1 November 2021 the African National Congress (ANC) won a majority of fifteen seats on the council. The following table shows the results of the election.
| Party | Party | Ward | Ward | Ward | List | List | List | Total seats |
| Party | Party | Votes | % | Seats | Votes | % | Seats | Total seats |
| | African National Congress | 15,777 | 49.94 | 11 | 17,922 | 59.18 | 4 | 15 |
| | Economic Freedom Fighters | 2,973 | 9.41 | 0 | 4,765 | 15.73 | 4 | 4 |
| | Independent candidates | 6,833 | 21.63 | 2 | | | | 2 |
| | Civic Warriors | 2,802 | 8.87 | 0 | 3,197 | 10.56 | 3 | 3 |
| | Democratic Alliance | 2,066 | 6.54 | 1 | 2,728 | 9.01 | 1 | 2 |
| | Freedom Front Plus | 489 | 1.55 | 0 | 521 | 1.72 | 1 | 1 |
| | 6 other parties | 655 | 2.07 | 0 | 1,152 | 3.80 | 0 | 0 |
| Total | Total | 31,595 | 100.00 | 14 | 30,285 | 100.00 | 13 | 27 |
| Valid votes | Valid votes | 31,595 | 98.58 | | 30,285 | 96.94 | | |
| Invalid/blank votes | Invalid/blank votes | 454 | 1.42 | | 957 | 3.06 | | |
| Total votes | Total votes | 32,049 | 100.00 | | 31,242 | 100.00 | | |
| Registered voters/turnout | Registered voters/turnout | 54,886 | 58.39 | | 54,886 | 56.92 | | |

## Corruption

In 2018, the Municipal Manager of Maruleng, Sutane Johannes Lethole, was accused of outsourcing the rental of a single truck for waste removal waste removal at R500 000 per month, with a 15% annual escalation. Lethole was also alleged to have increased his own salary to R1.1 million a month, with a cellphone allowance of R2063, without council approval. Lethole resigned after the Democratic Alliance and Civic Warriors of Maruleng brought the corruption to light.
# Moghavemat Mersad Shiraz F.C.

Moghavemate Mersad Shiraz Football Club (Persian: باشگاه فوتبال مقاومت مرصاد شیراز) is an Iranian football club based in Shiraz, Iran.
* This article about an Iranian football club is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
# Tomb of Khan-i Jahan Tilangani

Tomb of Khan-i Jahan Tilangani is the tomb of Malik Maqbul Tilangani, known by his title Khan-i Jahan. The tomb is located at Nizamuddin West in Delhi.

## History

The tomb was completed in 1388. It was the earliest octagonal tomb in modern-day India. The only octagonal tomb predating it in the Indian subcontinent is the tomb of Shah Rukn-e-Alam.
The tomb is heavily encroached.

## Description

The tomb is the first octagonal tomb in India. Percy Brown states that while it might have been a purely Indian invention, it is also possible that its octagonal design was inspired by the Dome of the Rock in Jerusalem. This style was later adopted and further perfected by the Sayyid, Lodi, and Sur dynasties.
The tomb consists of an octagonal burial chamber, with an octagonal verandah surrounding it. The verandah has three arched entrances on each side. A small dome is provided for all eight sides of the verandah.
It is surmounted by a dome which is crowned by an amalaka.
# Fitsum Alemu

Fitsum Alemu Fekir (Amharic: ፍፁም አለሙ; born 15 July 1995) is an Ethiopian professional footballer who plays as an attacking midfielder for Ethiopian Premier League club Bahir Dar Kenema and the Ethiopia national team.

## Club career

Born in Dessie, Ethiopia, Alemu began his senior career with Fasil Kenema before moving to Bahir Dar Kenema in 2019.

## International career

Alemu made his international debut with the Ethiopia national team in a 1–0 friendly loss to Uganda on 13 October 2019.
# Vahid Bridge

Vahid Bridge (Persian: پل وحید Pol-e-Vahid) is a cantilevered, steel and concrete bridge over the Zayandeh River in the city of Esfahan. It was completed in 1976 and is the westernmost of the eleven bridges over the Zayandeh in Esfahan.

## Transportation

* Khayyam Expressway
* Mirza Kuchak Khan Expressway
# Avgury (inhabited locality)

Avgury (Russian: Авгуры) is the name of several rural localities in Russia.

## Modern localities

* Avgury (rural locality), a village in Novofedorovsky Selsoviet of Staroshaygovsky District in the Republic of Mordovia; 54°29′N 44°31′E﻿ / ﻿54.483°N 44.517°E﻿ / 54.483; 44.517

## Alternative names

* Avgury, alternative name of Mordovskaya Avgura, a village in Chekashevo-Polyansky Selsoviet of Kovylkinsky District in the Republic of Mordovia; 54°9′N 44°13′E﻿ / ﻿54.150°N 44.217°E﻿ / 54.150; 44.217
# 1656 Suomi

1656 Suomi (prov. designation: 1942 EC) is a binary Hungaria asteroid and sizable Mars-crosser from the innermost regions of the asteroid belt. It was discovered on 11 March 1942, by Finnish astronomer Yrjö Väisälä at Turku Observatory in Southwest Finland, who named it "Suomi", the native name of Finland. The stony asteroid has a short rotation period of 2.6 hours and measures approximately 7.9 kilometers in diameter. In June 2020, a companion was discovered by Brian Warner, Robert Stephens and Alan Harris. The satellite measures more than 1.98 kilometers in diameter, about 26% of the primary, which it orbits once every 57.9 hours at an average distance of 30 kilometers.

## Orbit and classification

Suomi is a member of the Hungaria family, which form the innermost dense concentration of asteroids in the Solar System. It orbits the Sun at a distance of 1.6–2.1 AU once every 2 years and 7 months (940 days). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.12 and an inclination of 25° with respect to the ecliptic.
It is also classified as a Mars-crossing asteroid, since its perihelion – the point in its orbit, where it is nearest to the Sun – is less than the average orbital distance of the planet Mars (1.666 AU). Suomi's observation arc begins on the preceding night of its discovery, with an observation taken at Johannesburg Observatory on 10 March 1942.

## Naming

As with 1453 Fennia, this minor planet was named after Finland (Finnish: Suomi). The official naming citation was published by the Minor Planet Center on 20 February 1976 (M.P.C. 3932).

## Physical characteristics

In the Tholen taxonomy, Suomi is a stony S-type asteroid.

### Diameter and albedo

According to the survey carried out by the Infrared Astronomical Satellite IRAS, Suomi measures 7.86 kilometers in diameter and its surface has an albedo of 0.156, making it one of the largest Mars crossing asteroid with a known diameter. The Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link (CALL) agrees with IRAS, and adopts an albedo of 0.157 and a diameter of 7.9 kilometers with an absolute magnitude of 13.146.

### Rotation period

Since 1991, a large number of rotational lightcurves of Suomi have been obtained from photometric observations (also see infobox). CALL adopts a rotation period of 2.583 hours with a brightness variation of 0.20 magnitude (U=3).