# Tolumnia (plant)

Tolumnia (abbreviated Tolu.), is a genus in the family Orchidaceae. Previously known as the "equitant oncidiums," the species were segregated from the mega-genus Oncidium by Guido Braem in 1986. Dancing-lady orchid is a common name for some species in this genus.

## Distribution

The genus is primarily native to the Greater Antilles, with a few species extending into Florida, the Lesser Antilles, Mexico, Central America and northern South America (from Colombia to French Guiana).

## Description

The plants are small, usually epiphytic, with small or absent pseudobulbs completely covered by leaves, which are triangular or circular in cross section and overlap each other at base to resemble a fan.
The inflorescences arise between the leaf base and bear colorful, showy flowers. The labella are large, ornamented by variously shaped calli. The column bears prominent wings flanking the stigma.

### Pollination

Species in the genus are pollinated by oil-collecting bees of the genus Centris. Instead of producing oils as a reward for their pollinators, Tolumnia species instead mimic the oil-producing flowers of Malpighiaceae species. Flowers are self-incompatible. Fragrance strength can vary greatly even within a species.

## Species

* Tolumnia arizajuliana (Withner & J.Jiménez Alm.) Ackerman, 1997
* Tolumnia bahamensis (Nash) Braem, 1986
* Tolumnia calochila (Cogn.) Braem, 1986
* Tolumnia compressicaulis (Withner) Braem, 1986
* Tolumnia gauntlettii (Withner & Jesup) Nir, 1994
* Tolumnia guianensis (Aubl.) Braem, 1986
* Tolumnia guibertiana (A.Rich.) Braem, 1986
* Tolumnia gundlachii (C.Wright ex Griseb.) N.H.Williams & Ackerman, 2007
* Tolumnia guttata (L.) Nir, 1994
* Tolumnia haitiensis (Leonard & Ames) Braem, 1986
* Tolumnia hawkesiana (Moir) Braem, 1986
* Tolumnia henekenii (Schomburgk ex Lindl.) Nir, 1994
* Tolumnia leiboldi (Rchb. f.) Braem, 1986
* Tolumnia lucayana (Nash) Braem, 1986
* Tolumnia pulchella (Hook.) Rafinesque, 1837
* Tolumnia quadriloba (Schweinf.) Braem, 1986
* Tolumnia scandens (Moir) Braem, 1986
* Tolumnia sylvestris (Lindl.) Braem, 1986
* Tolumnia triquetra (Sw.) Nir, 1994
* Tolumnia tuerckheimii (Cogn.) Braem, 1986
* Tolumnia urophylla (Loddiges ex Lindl.) Braem, 1986
* Tolumnia usneoides (Lindl.) Braem, 1986
* Tolumnia variegata (Sw.) Braem, 1986
* Tolumnia velutina (Lindl. & Paxton) Braem, 1986

### Synonyms

* Tolumnia acunae (M. A. Diaz) Nir, 2000 (synonym of: Tolumnia tuerckheimii (Cogn.) Braem, 198)
* Tolumnia borinquensis Sauleda & Ragan, 1996 (synonym of: Tolumnia variegata (Sw.) Braem, 1986)
* Tolumnia caymanensis (Moir) Braem, 1986 (synonym of: Tolumnia leiboldii (Rchb.f.) Braem, 1986)
* Tolumnia lemoniana ssp. lemoniana Braem, 1986 (synonym of: Tolumnia guianensis (Aubl.) Braem, 1986)
* Tolumnia tetrapetala (Jacq.) Braem, 1986 (synonym of Tolumnia guttata (L.) Nir, 1994 )

## Hybrids

    This list is incomplete.Tolumnia Sniffen
Hybrids of Tolumnia with orchids in other genera are placed in the following nothogenera:
* Aspaleomnia (Alm.) = Tolumnia × Aspasia × Leochilus
* Bramiltumnia (Bmt.) = Tolumnia × Brassia × Miltonia
* Cochlumnia (Ccl.) = Tolumnia × Cochlioda (now Tolumnia × Oncidium = × Oncidumnia)
* Comparumnia (Cmr.) = Tolumnia × Comparettia
* Cuitlumnia (Ctn.) = Tolumnia × Cuitlauzina
* Golumnia (Glm.) = Tolumnia × Gomesa
* Tolucentrum (Tun.) = Tolumnia × Trichocentrum
* Toluglossum (Tgl.) = Tolumnia × Odontoglossum
* Tolumnopsis (Tmp.) = Tolumnia × Miltoniopsis
* Tolutonia (Tut.) = Tolumnia × Miltonia