OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# When Buckwheat Flowers Bloom

When the Buckwheat Flowers Bloom (Korean: 메밀꽃 필 무렵) also translated as The Buckwheat Season is a 1936 short story by Korean writer Lee Hyo-seok. That story has been described as "widely known to Koreans for its lyrical qualities", "outstanding" and a "modern classic", and even "the pinnacle of literary art in Korea", and has been adopted into a movie directed by Lee Song-gu in 1967.
The story has been subject to studies by Korean literature scholars.

## Summary

Mr. Heo is a middle-aged itinerant vender, who goes market to market to sell his products with his friend, Mr. Jo. Heo has never had a serious relationship with a woman, despite his age, and has no family. The only memory he has and cherishes is about the night in Bongpyeong when he met a woman and spent the night with her. He tells this story to his friend Jo over and over again on their journey. And one night, under a luminous moon, Heo and Jo walks on a mountain road covered with full-blown buckwheat flowers, with a young itinerant vendor, Dong-i, who has decided to travel with them for a moment. Naturally, Heo repeats his story once again, and Dong-i tells the story of his mother. She is from Bongpyeong, but she had to leave her hometown after she had sex with a stranger and got pregnant with her son, Dong-i. Heo listens to the story carefully until he trips and falls into a creek. Dong-i carries Heo on his back, and Heo feels 'the warmth sinking deep into his bone.' Then he finds out that Dong-i is left-handed, just like himself.

## Adaptations

The story has been adapted into several works in Korean:
* 이성구, <메밀꽃 필 무렵>, 1967. (영화) / Lee Seong-gu, Memilggot pil muryeop (When the Buckwheat Flowers Bloom), 1967. Film.
* 김하림, <TV문학관: 메밀꽃 필 무렵>, 1982. (드라마) / Kim Ha-rim, TV munhakgwan: Memilggot pil muryeop (TV Literature Hall: When the Buckwheat Flowers Bloom), KBS, 1982. TV Series.
* 홍윤정‧동희선, <HDTV문학관: 메밀꽃 필 무렵>, 2005. (드라마) / Hong Yun-jeong and Tong Hui-seon, HDTV munhakgwan: Memilggot pil muryeop (HDTV Literature Hall: When the Buckwheat Flowers Bloom), KBS, 2005. TV Series.
* 안재훈‧한혜진, <메밀꽃, 운수 좋은 날, 그리고 봄봄>, 2014. (애니메이션) / Ahn Jae-hun, Han Hye-jin, Memilggot, unsu joeun nal, geurigo bombom (Buckwheat Flowers, a Lucky Day, and Spring, Spring), Yeonpillo Myeongsang Hagi, EBS, Gimyoungsa, 2014. Animation.
* 김도연‧김별아 외 4, 《메밀꽃 질 무렵—메밀꽃 필 무렵 이어쓰기》, 단비, 2018. (재창작 소설) / Kim Do-yeon, Kim Byeora and four others, Memilggot jil muryeop—memilggot pil muryeop i-eo-sseugi (When the Buckwheat Flowers Are Falling: Rewriting When the Buckwheat Flowers Bloom), Danbi, 2018. Reworked short story collection.
It has also received a number of translations, including at least three into English language.
# Maraldy (lake)

Maraldy or Maraldi (Kazakh: Маралды) is a salt lake in Sharbakty and Pavlodar districts, Pavlodar Region, Kazakhstan.
The lake lies 45 kilometers (28 mi) to the east of Pavlodar town, about 50 kilometers (31 mi) west of the Russia-Kazakhstan border. The A18 highway passes to the north of the lake.

## Geography

Maraldy is part of the Irtysh basin. It lies in a tectonic depression of the Kulunda Plain, 75 kilometers (47 mi) to the southwest of lake Bolshoye Yarovoye, located on the other side of the border. Lake Ulken Tobylzhan lies 42 kilometers (26 mi) to the NNW, Seiten 40 kilometers (25 mi) to the SSE, Kalatuz 46 kilometers (29 mi) to the SSW, and Bura 57 kilometers (35 mi) to the northeast, at the Russia-Kazakhstan border.
The lakeshore is generally flat and gently sloping, only in the southeast there are cliffs rising steeply from the surface. The water of the lake is saline with a mineralization of 2.6 grams per liter (9.4×10$^{−5}$ lb/cu in). The mud of the lake is used locally for medicinal purposes.

## Flora and fauna

The lake is surrounded by steppe vegetation. Despite its high salinity, Maraldy is not a dead lake. There are small Artemia crustaceans living in its waters.
# Laskovtsevo

Laskovtsevo (Russian: Ласковцево) is a rural locality (a village) in Novlenskoye Rural Settlement, Vologodsky District, Vologda Oblast, Russia. The population was 17 as of 2002.

## Geography

Laskovtsevo is located 77 km northwest of Vologda (the district's administrative centre) by road. Dyakontsevo is the nearest rural locality.
# Muhammad Abdul Ati

Muhammad Abdul 'Ati (Arabic: محمد عبد العاطي; born 27 December 1963) is an Egyptian civil engineer, and a former Egyptian Minister of Irrigation and Water Resources.

## Early life and career

Muhammad Abdul Ati received his Bachelor of Engineering from Cairo University in 86 and his Ph.D. from Ain Shams University. He worked as head of the projects sector at the National Bank, lived for a time in Ethiopia, and participated in a study committee for the Renaissance Dam project.

## Awards

Abdul Ati won the Le prix Gaïa International Prize in Water Resources.
# National Socialists – Left of the 21st century

The National Socialists – Left of the 21st century (Czech: Národní socialisté – levice 21. století, NÁR.SOC.) also known as Left 21 (Levice 21, LEV 21) was a left-wing political party in the Czech Republic founded in October 2011 by Jiří Paroubek, former Prime Minister and former leader of the Czech Social Democratic Party (ČSSD).
Former Prime Minister Jiří Paroubek was elected chairman of his newly founded party at the constituent congress on 26 November. In the year 2012, the party had two representatives in the 200-seat Chamber of Deputies, Paroubek and Jiří Šlégr (ex-ČSSD).
The party name was a reference to the historical Czech National Social Party, and as such they did not advocate for Nazism. NÁR.SOC. wanted to follow up the tradition of the socialist nationalists in the First Czechoslovak Republic. Nevertheless, in the 2017 Czech legislative election, LEV 21 allied with the Czech Neo-Nazi party, Workers' Party of Social Justice.

## Election results
### Chamber of Deputies

| Date | Leader | Votes | Votes | Seats | Seats | Position |
| Date | Leader | # | % | # | Size | Position |
| 2013 | Jiří Paroubek | 3,843 | 0.08 | 0 / 200 | 18th | Opposition |
# Lithuanian Theatre Union

The Lithuanian Theatre Union (Lithuanian: Lietuvos teatro sąjunga) is the official theatrical union of Lithuania. The association awards Lithuanian stage actors and plays with annual awards, from Best Actor and Best Young Actor categories to Best Productions. It declared independence from the new Soviet-based Union of Theatre Workers (Союз театральных деятелей) before the abortive coup of August 1991 and the recognition of the independence of the Baltic states. Many of the top theatre critics and people are a member of this union, which numbered 1000 members in 1987.

## Chairmen

* Regimantas Adomaitis (1987–1989)
* Juozas Budraitis (1989–1996)
* Algis Matulionis (1996–2011)
* Ramutis Rimeikis [lt] (since 2011)
* Juozas Marcinkevičius [lt] (since December 2022)
# Ryzhikh

Ryzhikh (Russian: Рыжих) is a Russian surname.
* Anastasija Reiberger (Nastja Ryjikh; born 1977), Russian-born German pole vaulter
* Sergei Ryzhikh (born 1979), Russian football player
* Lisa Ryzih (born 1988), Russian-born German pole vaulter, sister of Anastasija
# Thomas Hansen (footballer)

Thomas Hansen (born 18 January 1983) is a retired Danish footballer. He was a defender, who was used as a central defender as well as right back.

## Career

Hansen played his youth football in Hvidovre IF and moved to Brøndby IF in 2003. He did not play regularly, and in his search for regular first team action he started looking elsewhere. He moved to AGF as of 1 January 2006 on a contract for 3 years. The contract was signed already in mid-2005, but the move was agreed to 2006 making him available on a free transfer. Hansen quickly settled in central defence, but in 2007 he lost his regular position. As of 1 February he had played 24 matches and scored 0 goals.
# Domanakuh

Domanakuh (formerly Sarghoy; Tajik: Доманакӯҳ) is a village in central Tajikistan. It is part of the jamoat Sayliobod in Lakhsh District, one of the Districts of Republican Subordination. It lies near the river Kyzyl-Suu.
# Sosnovsky (inhabited locality)

Sosnovsky (Russian: Сосно́вский; masculine), Sosnovskaya (Сосно́вская; feminine), or Sosnovskoye (Сосно́вское; neuter) is the name of several inhabited localities in Russia.

## Rural localities

* Sosnovsky, Irkutsk Oblast, a settlement in Kuytunsky District of Irkutsk Oblast
* Sosnovsky, Samara Oblast, a settlement in Kinelsky District of Samara Oblast
* Sosnovsky, Voronezh Oblast, a settlement in Novopokrovskoye Rural Settlement of Novokhopyorsky District of Voronezh Oblast
* Sosnovskoye, Bryansk Oblast, a village in Saltanovsky Selsoviet of Navlinsky District of Bryansk Oblast
* Sosnovskoye, Kurgan Oblast, a selo in Sosnovsky Selsoviet of Shadrinsky District of Kurgan Oblast
* Sosnovskoye, Nikolo-Pogostinsky Selsoviet, Gorodetsky District, Nizhny Novgorod Oblast, a village in Nikolo-Pogostinsky Selsoviet of Gorodetsky District of Nizhny Novgorod Oblast
* Sosnovskoye, Zinyakovsky Selsoviet, Gorodetsky District, Nizhny Novgorod Oblast, a village in Zinyakovsky Selsoviet of Gorodetsky District of Nizhny Novgorod Oblast
* Sosnovskoye, Omsk Oblast, a selo in Sosnovsky Rural Okrug of Tavrichesky District of Omsk Oblast
# Purified National Party

The Purified National Party (Afrikaans: Gesuiwerde Nasionale Party) was a break away from Hertzog's National Party which lasted from 1935 to 1948.
In 1935 the main portion of the National Party, led by J. B. M. Hertzog, merged with the South African Party of Jan Smuts to form the United Party. A hardline faction of Afrikaner nationalists, led by D. F. Malan, strongly opposed the merger. Malan and 19 other MPs defected to form the Purified National Party, which he led for the next fourteen years in opposition. Their Federale Raad (Federal Council) met in Bloemfontein to work out their own political program on 5 July 1935.
In 1939 the question of South African participation in World War II caused a split in the United Party. Hertzog's Nationalist wing broke away and merged with the Purified National Party to form the Reunited (Herenigde) National Party. This party went on to defeat the United Party in the 1948 general election.

## Election results

| Election | Party leader | Votes | % | Seats | +/– | Position | Result |
| 1938 | D. F. Malan | 259,543 | 31.31% | 27 / 150 | 48 | 2nd | Opposition |
# Tupac Amaru Shakur Center for the Arts

The Tupac Amaru Shakur Center for the Arts, based in Stone Mountain, Georgia, was a performing arts center supported through the Shakur Family Foundation. The Shakur Center's mission was to provide opportunities for young people through the arts, and offered programs such as drama, dance, and creative writing classes. The organization also ran a Performing Arts Day Camp for youth ages twelve to eighteen.
The center, located off Memorial Drive, was named in honor of the late American hip hop artist Tupac Amaru Shakur, and was founded by his mother Afeni Shakur.

## History

The center was founded in 1997 by Tupac Shakur's mother Afeni Shakur in the interest of preserving her son's legacy. It was designed to bring quality arts training to young people including some students who face many social-economic issues such as poverty. Many students have enriched their artistic abilities through this center and some have even received part-time jobs.
In July 1999, the foundation began its first annual summer session of PA camps with twenty campers. The camp continued to grow throughout the years. On June 11, 2005, The Tupac Amaru Shakur Center for the Arts Peace Garden and visitor center was opened. The peace garden was designed as a tribute to Tupac Shakur as well as others who have died. In 2006, the music video for the single Pac's Life, from Tupac's eponymous album was shot on location. Tupac's mother Afeni Shakur also went to Africa in 2006 and fostered a relationship between the Center and the Nelson Mandela Foundation.
After 2006, the foundation showed signs of growth as many additional programs were created such as after-school programs, dance classes, and cultural exchange programs. Fees for these programs resembled prices for joining local sports leagues. The foundation also held Tupac birthday concert celebrations since 2009.

## Programs

The foundation offered acting, after-school, and dancing classes. In addition, they offered yearly leadership and arts programs. They had also set up cross-cultural exchanges with Japan and South Africa.

## Closure of the Center and death of Afeni Shakur

In August 2015, Afeni Shakur sold the property upon which the Tupac Amaru Shakur Center for the Arts stood, for $1.2 million. On May 2 of the following year, Tupac's mother died of a suspected heart attack.
# Hassan Abdinur Gesey

Hassan Abdinur Gesey (Somali: Xasan Cabdinuur Geeseey; born 5 May 1998) is a Somali footballer who plays as a midfielder for Gaadiidka and the Somalia national team.

## Club career

In 2019, Gesey signed for Horseed after previously playing for Jeenyo United. In 2021, Gesey signed for Gaadiidka.

## International career

In April 2015, Gesey was called up for the Somalia under-23 team to play Rwanda U23.
On 22 November 2015, Gesey made his debut for Somalia in a 4–0 loss against Tanzania in the 2015 CECAFA Cup.
# Willy Ørskov

Willy Ørskov (21 December 1920 in Aarhus – 12 June 1990 in Helsingør) was a Danish sculptor who is remembered for works created from plastics and inflatable materials.

## Biography

Ørskov's studies at the Valand School of Fine Arts in Gothenburg, Sweden (1954–1960) were completed by stays in Paris, Greece and Italy at the end of the 1950s. During his years in Gothenburg, he taught and worked with ceramics. His early works such as Bymiljø and Gående are Abstract works depicting man in the city. He later began to use plastics including finished products such as pipes and funnels. His pneumatic sculptures consist of inflated pillow shapes and air-filled tubes as can be seen in Sommerskulptur (Summer Sculpture) from the mid-1960s.
Ørskov's works are not designed to be interpreted in terms of recognizable features but rather as an expression of contemporary art, free of any relationship with romantic notions of Naturalism or Mythology. One of his well-known dictums was "The sculpture's content is sculpture." He explained his approach in books such as Aflæsninger af objekter og andre essays (Readings of objects and other essays, 1972) and Den åbne skulptur og udvendighedens æstetik (Open Sculpture and the Aesthetics of the Exterior, 1987). Later in life, he became preoccupied with Terrains Vagues, the largely unorganized, underdeveloped areas on the outskirts of built-up areas, typically with casual, temporary living quarters where he found traces of a primitive sculptural language.

## Restoration of works

The Danish National Gallery is currently undertaking the restoration of 13 of Ørskov's inflated works which are considered to be of outstanding national importance. Made of materials such as plastics and rubber, the sculptures have deteriorated to a point where they are no longer inflatable. After restoration and re-establishment of their pneumatic properties, the works will once again be suitable for display.

## Awards

Ørskov was awarded the Eckersberg Medal in 1969 and the Thorvaldsen Medal in 1973.
# Golnaz Modarresi Ghavami

Golnaz Modarresi Ghavami (Persian: گلناز مدرسی قوامی; born 12 October 1966) is an Iranian linguist and associate professor of linguistics at Allameh Tabataba'i University. She is known for her research on Persian phonology and phonetics. Her textbook on phonetics is widely taught in Iranian universities. Modarresi Ghavami received a BA in English translation from Allameh Tabataba'i University in 1989, an MA in linguistics from Ferdowsi University in 1992 and a PhD in linguistics from University of Texas at Austin in 2002.

## Books

* Phonetics :The Scientific Study of Speech, Golnaz Modarresi Ghavami, Tehran: SAMT
* A Descriptive Dictionary of Phonology and Phonetics, Golnaz Modarresi Ghavami, Tehran: Elmi
# Tisul

Tisul (Russian: Тисуль) is the name of several inhabited localities in Kemerovo Oblast, Russia.
# Montastruc-la-Conseillère station

Montastruc-la-Conseillère is a railway station in Montastruc-la-Conseillère, Occitanie, which is the southernmost administrative region of France. It is on the Brive-Toulouse (via Capdenac) railway line. The station is served by TER (local) services operated by SNCF.

## Train services

The following services currently call at Montastruc-la-Conseillère:
* local service (TER Occitanie) Toulouse–Albi–Rodez
* local service (TER Occitanie) Toulouse–Castres–Mazamet
| Preceding station | TER Occitanie | TER Occitanie | TER Occitanie | Following station |
| Gragnaguetowards Toulouse | | 2 | | Roqueserière-Buzettowards Rodez |
| Montrabétowards Toulouse | | 9 | | Saint-Sulpice-sur-Tarntowards Mazamet |
# Tregaron Hospital

Tregaron Hospital (Welsh: Ysbyty Tregaron) is a community hospital in Tregaron, Wales. It is managed by the Hywel Dda University Health Board.

## History

The hospital has its origins in the Aberaeron Union Workhouse which was completed in 1876. It became a facility for the treatment of tuberculosis sufferers known as the King Edward VII Memorial Hospital in 1915. In 2016 the health board made proposals to replace the hospital with a health centre.
# Zoilo Galang

Zoilo Mercado Galang (July 27, 1895 – 1959) was a Filipino writer from Pampanga. He is credited as one of the pioneering Filipino writers who worked with the English language. He is the author of the first Philippine novel written in the English language, A Child of Sorrow, published in 1921.

## Early life and education

Galang was born on July 27, 1895, in the town of Bacolor, Pampanga to Santiago Galang and Vicenta Mercado during the later years of the Spanish colonial era in the Philippines and was influenced by both Spanish and American culture in his youth. He finished studies at the Pampanga High School. He initially worked as a stenographer working in both Spanish and English languages. Galang also pursued studies to pursue a career as a lawyer but there are no records to indicate if he did finish his law studies.

## Career

He became known for his publications written in English. He is known for being responsible for the first publication of several Philippine works in English:
* A Child of Sorrow (1921) – first Philippine novel in English
* Tales of the Philippines (1921) – first volume of Philippine legends and folk tales written in English
* Life and Success (1921) – first volume of Philippine essays in English
* The Box of Ashes and Other Stories (1924) – first volume of Philippine short stories in English
His essays were also published in The Best Thing in the World and Master of Destiny (both published in 1924):
He also worked to get 20 volumes of encyclopedia featuring Philippine-related subjects in 1957. The publication of such collection was hindered due to its manuscript being burned during World War II yet they were successfully able to publish the 3rd edition after the fires. Copies of the volumes are found throughout the world in major libraries to this day. He also worked as a writer of history publications for use of elementary students such as Leaders of the Philippines (1932), Important Characters in Philippine History (1939), Mario and Minda (1940), Hero of Tirad Pass and Others (1949), Mr. Perez, Teacher (1950) and Home, School and Community (1950).
# Seyed Kazem Ghiyassian

Seyed Kazem Ghiyassian (Persian: سید كاظم غیاثیان, February 3, 1940 – February 13, 2014) was an Iranian football player and manager. He played for his hometown teams. After retirement as a football player, he managed several clubs, including F.C. Aboomoslem, Payam and Siah Jamegan F.C. He was one of the most experienced football coaches from Mashhad.

## Career

He played for F.C. Aboomoslem and Payam throughout the 1980s.

### Managerial career

He has held various coaching positions (assistant manager, head coach, technical manager and vice president) with F.C. Aboomoslem and Payam Mashhad throughout the 1990s.
# Padhar

The Padhar (Sindhi: پڌڙ) are a Hindu caste found in the state of Gujarat in India.

## History and origin

The Padhar are distributed in six villages in Surandarnagar and four villages in Ahmadabad District. Their main villages are Shahpur, Sahiyal, Dharji, Devadthal, Nam Katechi, Ranagadh, Ralol, Parali, Parnala, Godi and Anandpur. They claim to have originated in Sindh, and their existence is due to the grace of Hinglaj mata, a Hindu goddess. The Padhar have been given scheduled tribe status, and speak Gujarati. According to some traditions, they were originally Koli people, although this claim is denied by the Kolis.

## Present circumstances

The Padhar community consists of a number of clans, each of which are exogamous. Their main clans are the Domda, Bhuvatra, Samatiya, Pachani, Devthala, Lalni, Tanhada, Sapra, Kanotra, and Dharjiya. The Vatra, Pachani and Lalni clans do not intermarry, as they descend from common ancestor. They are strictly endogamous, and are a not share her daughter with dalit community. The Padhar are mainly small scale peasant farmer, with many are now landless. Many Padhar are fishermen, as their villages lie on the shores of Nal Sarovar lake. Other occupations include grass cutting, root digging which they sell to neighbouring villages. As the Nal Sarovar lake attracts tourists, many also rent out their boats to the tourists. They are also known for their folk dance form Padhar dance.
# Veronica Bolay

Veronica Bolay RHA (8 August 1941 – 3 January 2020) was a German–Irish painter. She was a member of Aosdána, an elite Irish association of artists.

## Early life

Bolay was born in Hamburg in 1941. Her earliest memory was of Operation Gomorrah, the allied terror bombing of Hamburg. The family fled to Mecklenburg, then returned to Hamburg after hearing rumours that Mecklenburg would fall under Soviet control.

## Career

Bolay attended the University of Fine Arts of Hamburg in 1958–63, studying painting and costume design, as fine art was not considered a profitable career path. She then studied group therapy at Aachen University. In 1971 she moved to Ireland, and was part of a 1978 exhibition of women artists held in the Project Gallery in Dublin.
She was elected to the Royal Hibernian Academy in 2002 and to Aosdána in 2006.
Her work was in the field of abstract landscapes, working in oils and pastels, and often depicting the West of Ireland. The Irish Times wrote that "despite a bold colour sense [she] had an exceptionally light touch with both [oil and pastel], teasing out subtleties of light and atmosphere with expanses of radiant colour and darting lines. Even her quietest compositions are infused with a lively, crackling energy." Brian Fallon referred to her as an intimiste rather than a Romantic.
An exhibition of her work was shown at the Coach House Gallery, Dublin Castle in 2022–23. Paul Durcan wrote two poems inspired by her work.

## Personal life

Bolay married the Berlin-born actor Peter Jankowsky (1939–2014); they had one child. They lived in Westport, County Mayo and Stillorgan for much of their lives.
She died in 2020.