OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Alan Fairlamb

Alan Hutchinson Fairlamb, CBE, FRSE, FLS, FMedSci, FRSB (born 30 April 1947, Newcastle upon Tyne, England) is a Wellcome Trust Principal Research Fellow and Professor of Biochemistry in the Division of Biological Chemistry and Drug Discovery at the School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Scotland. From 2006-2011 he was a member of the Scientific and Technical Advisory Committee of the Special Programme for Research and Training in Tropical Diseases (TDR) -- an independent global programme of scientific collaboration co-sponsored by UNICEF, UNDP, the World Bank and WHO. Currently he is a member of the governing board of the Tres Cantos Open Lab Foundation, whose aim is to accelerate the discovery and development of medicines to tackle diseases of the developing world in an open collaborative manner.
Professor Fairlamb and his team have studied the protozoan parasites causing three different diseases - sleeping sickness, Chagas disease and leishmaniasis. He was one of the 250 scientists involved in the genome sequencing of these parasites.
In 1985, Alan Fairlamb discovered a unique thiol compound present in these parasites, and named it trypanothione. This thiol metabolite is quite different from its human equivalent, glutathione. Trypanothione allows the parasites to fend off free radicals and other toxic oxidants produced by the immune system of the infected patient, and was shown to be vital for parasite survival and virulence. For instance, antimonials neutralize the Leishmania parasite's antioxidant defence system, allowing the patient to clear the infection. Studies on the effect of drugs on trypanothione metabolism resulted in the discovery that fexinidazole is a potential oral treatment for visceral leishmaniasis.
In 2006 Alan Fairlamb and Mike Ferguson became co-directors of the Drug Discovery Unit at the University of Dundee. The new centre, opened in 2005, has facilities for high-throughput screening and medicinal chemistry. These will take the drug discovery/development process further than any other UK university, to a stage where pharmaceutical companies will have sufficient data to move into the production stage.
# Chapeiry

Chapeiry (French pronunciation: ; Arpitan: Chapèri, before 1984: Chapery) is a commune in the Haute-Savoie department in the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region in south-eastern France.
# Tehran War Cemetery

Tehran War Cemetery (Persian: گورستان کمیسیون جنگ‌های مشترک‌المنافع) is a war cemetery located in Gholhak Garden in the Iranian capital city of Tehran and located within the British Embassy residential compound and is where over 500 British and Commonwealth soldiers who perished in the First and Second World Wars are buried. The site includes the Tehran Memorial, dedicated to those who have no known grave or whose grave is unmaintained. The cemetery is managed by the Commonwealth War Graves Commission.
The cemetery also has markers for those who died in Persia and Russia without graves.

## Gallery

* Tehran War Cemetery
# Daniel K. Judd

Daniel K. Judd (born September 17, 1956) is an American educator and religious leader who served as first counselor to A. Roger Merrill in the Sunday School General Presidency of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church) from 2004 to 2009. From 2019 to 2021, Judd was dean of Brigham Young University's (BYU) Department of Religious Education. He had previously served as chair of BYU's Ancient Scripture Department.

## Birth and education

Born in Kanab, Utah, Judd earned a degree in zoology from Southern Utah University, followed by a Master of Science in family science and a PhD in counseling psychology from BYU.

## Career

In the mid-1970s, Judd served as a missionary for the LDS Church in the California San Diego Mission. Prior to his call to the Sunday School General Presidency, Judd was president of the church's Orem Utah Canyon View Stake.
Judd was a teacher in the church's Seminaries and Institutes of Religion in Utah, Arizona, and Michigan. He was also a professor of family sciences at Brigham Young University–Idaho. Judd is the author or editor of several books including Religion, Mental Health, and the Latter-day Saints (Bookcraft, 1999); Taking Sides: Clashing Views on Controversial Issues in Religion (McGraw-Hill Dushkin, 2003; and "The Fortunate Fall" (Deseret Book, 2011).
From 2011 to 2014, Judd served as president of the church's Ghana Accra Mission.

## Personal life

Judd married Kaye Seegmiller in the St. George Temple and they are the parents of four children.
# Torra di Lozari

The Tower of Lozari (Corsican: Torra di Lozari) is a ruined Genoese tower located in the commune of Belgodère on the west coast of the French island of Corsica. Only the base of the tower has survived. It sits on the headland at a height of 32 metres (105 ft) overlooking the sea.
The tower was one of a series of coastal defences constructed by the Republic of Genoa between 1530 and 1620 to stem the attacks by Barbary pirates.
The Conservatoire du littoral, a French government agency responsible for the protection of outstanding natural areas on the coast, has announced that it intends to purchase the headland and adjacent coastline. As of 2017 it had acquired 66 hectares (160 acres).
# Srđan Milić

Srđan Milić (Serbian Cyrillic: Срђан Милић; born September 17, 1965) is a Montenegrin politician and Member of the Parliament of Montenegro, from 2002 to 2020 and former leader of the Socialist People's Party, from 2006 until his resignation in 2017. He was a candidate for President of Montenegro in 2008.

## Background

Milić was born in the coastal city of Bar, at that time part of the Socialist Republic of Montenegro of SFR Yugoslavia. His family hails from Bjelice.
He declared himself to be Serb ethnicity and Serbian language native speaker. He studied at the Faculty for Outer Trade and Tourism at the University of Dubrovnik in SR Croatia, also learning English, Italian and German and computer skills. After graduation, he permanently moved to Budva, where he got married and had three children. He worked in the field of tourism from 1983 to 1990. In 1991 and 1992, he was an assistant at the University of Montenegro's Faculty of Tourism and Hotel Management in Kotor.

### Politics

From 1992 to 2002 he worked as an entrepreneur, when he entered the world of politics, joining Predrag Bulatović's reformed Socialist People's Party of Montenegro. In the party, he dedicated his life to the research of the European Union and European integrations of outside countries.
A member of both the Main Board of the SNP and the Main Board's Executive Committee, he was elected President of SNP CG's Commission for European and Euro-Atlantic integration. In the 2006 parliamentary election, he was elected into the parliament on the SNP-NS-DSS coalition's list. Over the years, he attended and held numerous conferences across the European continent on the subject of European integrations.
After President Bulatović's resignation for a catastrophically poor rating at an election, Milić was elected President of the Socialist People's Party on 26 November 2006. Becoming chief of SNP's parliamentary club, he distanced the party from its traditional partners the People's Party and Democratic Serb Party, introducing the prime element of European Social Democracy in SNP's political ideology. He rendered the party a strong supporter of European Union enlargement and promoted a shift in Montenegrin standard politics. He is a member of the Montenegrin Parliament's Commission for European Integration.
He has said that he loves Serbia and Russia, and that Montenegro did a big mistake in supporting sanctions against Russia.
# Eduard Halimi

Eduard Halimi (born 8 December 1972) was Albania's Minister of Justice from 2011 until 2013.

## Early life and education

Halimi was born in Korca on 8 December 1972. He received a bachelor's degree in law at the University of Tirana in 1995. He has held the title 'Magistrate' since 2000. He also graduated from the Police Academy in 1997.

## Career

Halimi worked as a lawyer until 2005. During this period, he also served as an expert to the parliamentary inquiry committees. In October 2005, he was named as the Deputy Minister of Justice. In 2007, he was also elected as a Member of the Municipal Council of Tirana. He was appointed the State General Advocate in 2008. He was elected as a member of the Assembly of the Republic of Albania for the Democratic Party of Albania in 2009. During his tenure, he was the Secretary of the Committee on Legal Affairs of the Albanian Parliament from 2009 to July 2011 . He was appointed Minister of Justice on 21 July 2011. Halimi is also a member of the Albanian High Council of Justice.
# Qamishaleh

Qamishaleh or Qami Sheleh or Qamishleh (Persian: قاميشله) may refer to:
* Qamishaleh, Marivan
* Qamishleh, Sarshiv, Saqqez County
* Qamishleh, Ziviyeh, Saqqez County
# Bzzzt

Bzzzt is a platform game developed by Karel Matějka (KO.DLL) and published in 2023 for macOS, Linux, Windows, and Nintendo Switch. The player controls a small robot in a futuristic environment, mimicking 8-bit arcade video games.

## Plot

The game is set in the year 4096. Scientists Emma and Robert dedicated their lives to working on new technologies and the result is artificial intelligence ZX8000. All that remains is to transfer consciousness into the body of a small robot and test all its functions and abilities. Although the original idea of the scientists was good, not everything goes according to plan in the creation of a toaster-sized robot. Testing is interrupted by the villain Badbert. ZX8000 has a difficult task ahead - it must save the scientists and the whole world.

## Gameplay

The game can be played in three different levels of difficulty. The easiest difficulty gives the player three lives per level, crazy difficulty gives player only seven lives for the entire game. There is also normal difficulty. Players can compare their results in global rankings or beat time records for individual levels. Another challenge in the game is collecting points - screws and completing each level with the full number.
With the increasing number of abilities, the robot becomes more and more agile. It can gradually chain double jumps and overcome increasingly difficult obstacles and traps. Completing all 52 levels takes an average of 2.5 - 3.5 hours and is suitable for beginners due to the different difficulties. It is available in nine languages, including Czech.
The robot is controlled in a side-view perspective on either a gamepad or keyboard. For the ability to transfer energy, the robot becomes a spark of ones and zeros that flies, using the arrows on the keyboard is impractical, due to sensitive controls. A gamepad is recommended.

## Development

This action retro jumper was created in the workshop of developer Karel Matějka, under the name Ko.dll. He also created the pixel art graphic processing, for which he has been known for a long time. The music was also provided by Martin Linda in collaboration with Matějka. To create the soundtrack, Linda used the Rytmik program that he developed himself. The game was published by CINEMAX s.r.o. and released on 13 November 2023.
The static pixel art background features 1.25 million hand-drawn pixels that took 4 years to create.

## Reception

The game has received generally positive reviews holding 91% on Metacritic indicating "Universal Acclaim."

### Accolades

* 1st in INDIE OF THE YEAR on IndianTV - Community Vote
* 6th place on IndieDB's INDIE OF THE YEAR 2023 - Player Vote
* Best Design GDS 2022
* Indie Community Vote GDS 2022
# Friog

Friog (Welsh: Y Friog) is a small village in North Wales, near Fairbourne.
Its lake and beach are a tourist attraction to over 1,000 visitors a year.
Friog is notable for a rockfall-prone section of railway track, scene of two fatal accidents in 1883 and 1933 on the Cambrian Line. In both incidents, the only deaths were of the crew when the locomotives toppled over the edge of the cliffs after striking landslides with the coaches remaining on the track. In response, the Great Western Railway constructed a concrete avalanche shelter over the line in 1940.
# Naugaja Peer

Naugaja Peer (Punjabi: ਨੌਂਗਜਾ ਪੀਰ) was a saint whose height was 9 "gaj" which in Indian metric units equals 8 meters and 36 inches or 27 feet. An explanation is that peer was likely surrounded by his nine men making 27 feet rectangular border to save him His name was Syed Ibrahim Badshah, who is believed to ensure safe journeys and completion of all works in time.
There are many shrines of Naugaja Peer in the Punjab region which form part of Punjabi folk religion. The shrine is regularly visited by passers by and from people from the Punjab region.

## History

Baba Naugaja Peer was originally from Iraq and stayed in Kalyana village in Haryana near Shahabad Markanda, Kurukshetra. Naugaja Peer's shrine (30.0936126N 77.809875E) is situated on National Highway-1 in India near the Punjab-Haryana border. A notable feature of the shrine is it houses a Muslim saint's tomb and a Hindu Shiva temple. People go to both places and ask for their wishes.
Baba Naugaja Peer lived in Shahbad district of Haryana. There is a historic bridge called Naudara (nine lane bridge) near his tomb which is a declared tourism site by the Haryana government.
Lord Sheshnag is said to have once appeared at the site of Naugaja Peer. During 1881, Baba Tara Singh Ji was the head of the shrine who descended into Samadhi in 1911. In 1954 Mata Sharda Devi headed the shrine who descended into Samadhi in 2008. The Peer Shrine was renovated with brick walls during 1933-34 by a British officer. Vinay Shukla is in charge of maintenance since 1984.

## Worship

The shrine is venerated for safe journeys. Besides chaddar (cloth) and incense sticks, devotees offer wall clocks and watches, which are considered as a sign of good luck at the tomb of Naugaja peer.
Many politicians and passengers offer prayer at this holy place. This is also often visited by taxi drivers from north and south India.
Dogs and cows enjoy their daily food consisting of milk and wheat. Plus, as a routine, sparrows get grains from devotees. It is believed that people who come for worship wholeheartedly get what they want.

## Hindu mythology

This place was called 9 lane way (Naudara) (named after nine devis) and was situated in front of a Shiv temple where later the Muslim saint came and stayed. The Naudari is used as a bridge.
The shrine represents the folk religion of the region which is a discourse between organised religions.

## Shrines

A Naugaja Peer pilgrim centre is located in Saharanpur in Uttar Pradesh located on National Highway 73 which connects Roorkee in Uttarakhand to Panchkula in Haryana. Both Hindus and Muslims visit this place.
Numerous legends and myths are associated with this peer. One such version is that during the period of Musa Ale Salam, the height of a man used to be around 26 ft and these mazars have been built around that time.
# New Bridge Road

New Bridge Road (Chinese: 新桥路; Malay: Jalan Jambatan Baharu) is a major one-way road located within the Central Area in Singapore.
New Bridge Road starts at the Coleman Bridge to the south of the Singapore River and extends into Chinatown within the Outram Planning Area, before joining with Eu Tong Sen Street and Kampong Bahru Road within the Bukit Merah Planning Area. The road runs parallel to Eu Tong Sen Street throughout its entire length, but in the opposite direction.
With the opening of the North East Line, there were plans to revert the New Bridge Road portion between Clarke Quay and Upper Cross Street into one-way street in 2003 after 11 years, but this never come to fruition. Today, two stations plies along the stretch - Clarke Quay MRT station and Chinatown MRT station.

## Etymology and history

After the completion of the Coleman Bridge over the Singapore River in 1840, New Bridge Road was built in 1842 linked to the bridge on the south bank of the river. It was named as such due to the newly completed bridge connected to it.
In Hokkien, the road was also known as sin pa sat ma chu cheng, meaning "in front of the new market police station", ji ma lo, or "second horse way". In Cantonese, it was also known as Yi-ma-lo, which means “second horse way” also.
The early main business along New Bridge Road and Wayang Street (now defunct and part of Eu Tong Sen Street) was the fruit and vegetable trade by the Teochews. Due to the Singapore River being part of the trading business, New Bridge Road became one of the major trading areas for the Chinese.

## Notable landmarks

One of the earliest public parks in Singapore, Dunman's Green, named after the first Superintendent of Police Thomas Dunman, was built along New Bridge Road. In 1876, it was renamed as Hong Lim Green in honour of Cheang Hong Lim, a wealthy Chinese Hokkien businessman and philanthropist who bought and donated the land to the government. Hong Lim Green was then refurbished by the City Council of Singapore with new grass turf, a sand filled children's playground, a fountain, park facilities, and an open-air theatre was built at a cost of S$173,000, it was renamed to Hong Lim Park and officially reopened by S. Rajaratnam on 23 April 1960.
# Aleksei Selezov

Aleksei Viktorovich Selezov (Russian: Алексей Викторович Селезов; born 27 October 1971) is a former Russian professional footballer.

## Club career

He made his debut in the Russian Premier League in 1992 for FC Dynamo Moscow. He played 2 games for FC Dynamo Moscow in the UEFA Cup 1993–94.

## Honours

* Russian Premier League bronze: 1992, 1993.
# Ledina Mandia

Ledina Mandia (born June 3, 1974) served as Deputy Prime Minister in the Cabinet of Albania. She was the third woman to be appointed to the position. She is a technocrat, independent politician, appointed to the post after months of opposition demonstrations, demanding technocrat Ministers in the government. She was proposed by the Democratic Party.

## Biography

She was born in Tirana on 3 June 1974. She finished her Law Studies in the University of Shkodër, where she worked as a full-time lecturer. Later in 2005 she finished her Master and Ph.D.Studies in the University of Tirana.
During 2007 - 2013 she worked for the Advocate General office, serving as Head of the Institution from 2010 until 2013. During her time as General Advocate she represented Albania in several arbitration processes.
Since May 2017 she serves as Deputy Prime Minister of Albania. Before taking the position of Deputy Prime Minister she served shortly as policy adviser to the President of Albania.
# Meucon

Meucon (French pronunciation:; Breton: Meukon) is a commune in the Morbihan department of Brittany in north-western France.

## Population

Inhabitants of Meucon are called in French Meuconais.
# Nordic Journal of English Studies

The Nordic Journal of English Studies (NJES) is a Nordic peer-reviewed academic journal focusing on English language and literature. It was established in 2002 and published by the University of Oslo until 2006 and then by the University of Gothenburg until 2020. NJES is associated with the Nordic Association of English Studies. The current editors are Virginia Langum (literature) and Terry Walker (linguistics). The former editors were Karin Aijmer (linguistics) and Chloé Avril (literature).
Two or three issues of the journal are published each year. The publications are both general issues and special theme issues with guest editors. We warmly invite prospective inquiries about special issues. NJES is particularly interested in topics that place different areas of English studies (e.g., linguistics, literature, teaching and learning) in dialogue. While scholars based in institutions outside the Nordic countries are welcome to submit proposals for special issues, the journal expects at least one contribution to be from a scholar at a Nordic institution.
The general issues serve as a venue for original research in the fields of English studies, including language, literature, culture, and the teaching and learning of English. For the general issues, NJES invites submissions from scholars with an affiliation to a Nordic institution.
NJES also publishes conference proceedings and festschrifts to honour a Nordic colleague if they can be subsumed under a special theme. The journal also publishes reviews of books thought to be of interest to its readers.
The policy of the journal is also to provide a possibility for early career or doctoral researchers to publish their articles on English language or literature in a peer-reviewed journal along with more established scholars.
A number of thematic issues have been published, including:
* English for Academic Purposes
* Textual Masculinity
* Literature as Communication
* English as a lingua franca
# National Elections Authority

The National Elections Authority (Egyptian Arabic: الهيئة الوطنية للانتخابات) is the body responsible for managing and supervising the electoral process in Egypt. The Commission is specialized in the presidential, parliamentary and local elections and referendums. The Commission was established in accordance with Law 198 of 2017, as an alternative to the Supreme Elections Committee and the Presidential Election Committee.
# Boneh-ye Kazem Hajj Soltan

Boneh-ye Kazem Hajj Soltan (Persian: بنه كاظم حاج سلطان, also Romanized as Boneh-ye Kāz̧em Ḩājj Solţān; also known as Ḩājj Solţān) is a village in Aghili-ye Shomali Rural District, Aghili District, Gotvand County, Khuzestan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 596, in 122 families.
# Neydens

Neydens (French pronunciation:; Arpitan: Nédin) is a commune in the Haute-Savoie department in the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region in south-eastern France.
Due to its close proximity to Geneva (Switzerland), Neydens is a popular tourist destination.
# Britské listy

Britské listy is a Czech-language cultural and political internet daily. It is published by a reader-financed NGO Britske Listy o.s. (Czech: Občanské sdružení Britské listy) based in Prague.
The website was founded in July 1996 by Jan Čulík, Senior Lecturer in Czech Studies at the University of Glasgow, Scotland. Since it began, the website has argued that the purpose of its journalism is to introduce ideas from the outside world into a fairly enclosed, circular, Czech-language dependent political and cultural discourse within the Czech Republic. The main purpose of Britské listy has been to challenge ideas which it claims circulate uncritically within the Czech Republic.
Britské listy is one of several Knowledge Exchange projects operated by Glasgow University.
A poll of the readership conducted in 2007 showed a disproportionately high representation of urban men with higher education and high income.
Since April 2015, in cooperation with Regionální televise.cz, a Czech cable TV station, Britské listy broadcasts weekly fifteen-minute interviews on topical political and cultural issues.
In 2001, a Britské listy journalist, Tomas Pecina, was arrested and charged for criticising a new law passed in the Czech Republic prohibiting sympathy for the September 11 attacks in New York City.

## Publications

Britské listy has published four book collections of its articles
* Jak Češi myslí (The Way Czechs Think), Chomutov: Millenium Publishing, 1999
* Jak Češi jednají (The Way Czechs Act), Chomutov: Millenium Publishing 2000, (with Tomáš Pecina)
* V hlavních zprávách: Televise (On the Main News: Television), Prague: ISV, 2001
* Jak Češi bojují (The Way Czechs Fight), Prague, Libri, 2003.
# Mansurabad, Farashband

Mansurabad (Persian: منصوراباد) is a village in Nujin Rural District of the Central District of Farashband County, Fars province, Iran.

## Demographics
### Population

At the time of the 2006 National Census, the village's population was 1,071 in 198 households. The following census in 2011 counted 961 people in 207 households. The 2016 census measured the population of the village as 929 people in 226 households. It was the most populous village in its rural district.
# Çeltikli, Bismil

Çeltikli (Kurdish: Mîrkulyan) is a neighbourhood in the municipality and district of Bismil, Diyarbakır Province in Turkey. The village is populated by Kurds of the Beritan tribe and had a population of 1,447 in 2022.