OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Bertram Fernando

Emanuel Anthony Bertram Fernando (10 April 1921 – 15 November 1986) (Sinhala: බර්ට්‍රම් ප්‍රනාන්දු), popularly known as Bertram Fernando, was an actor in Sri Lankan cinema and stage drama.

## Personal life

Fernando was born on 10 April 1921 in Dawatagahawatte, Negombo. He was educated at Maris Stella College, Negombo. He worked as a store keeper in the marketing department after he quit cinema.
He died on 15 November 1986 at the age of 65.

## Career

He joined Minerva Drama Company in Negombo under the guidance of B. A. W. Jayamanne. He first acted in stage play Avataraya in 1940 as an 18-year-old boy. Fernando made his cinema debut in the 1947 film Kadawunu Poronduwa, Sri Lanka's first film to be made in Sinhalese. He played the role "Mohommad" in that film. Popular actor Eddie Jayamanne has helped him to rise from the very beginning as a comic actor. He also played a caricature role "Junda" in the 1948 film Kapati Arakshakaya. In the film, he also debuted as a background singer by singing the song Udaya Nagita Muwa Soda. In the same year, Fernando played the role of "Pinto" in the film Weradunu Kurumanama.
He played a comic character "Peethara" in the 1949 film Peralena Iranama, which made his mark in the cinema. In the film he sang the song "Man Bandina Wayasa", which is one of the most popular song in gramophone era. In 1950, he acted in the film Hadisi Vinischaya as "Pinthu" and then Fernando acted in the 1951 film Sengawunu Pilithura in which he sang a song for the first time with the role of "Minister Aluneris". His song "Manthreekama Dinanawa" lyrics by C. Weerasekera and music by Mohammed Gauss was very popular. In 1952 film Umathu Wishwasaya he played the role "Abaran" along with his closer friend Eddie and performed and played a background duet song "Pissuwa".
From 1947 to 1953, Fernando starred in B. A. W. Jayamanne's films. In 1953, Fernando joined the Cinemas company to act in the film Sujatha with the role "Perera Unnehe". He was critically acclaimed for the role "Kavan Piyasena" in the 1954 film Radala Piliruwa.
He entered the cinema as a film producer with the 1958 film Daskama. The film was widely acknowledged by the critics for background music, dialogues and direction. All songs are autonomous made by Edwin Samaradivakara included eight songs where seven songs became popular. The film was Samaradivakara's one and only music direction. The last film that Fernando acted in was Roland Amarasinghe's 1971 film Kesara Sinhayo.

## Filmography
### As actor

| Year | Film | Role |
| 1950 | Hadisi Vinischaya | Pinthu |
| 1951 | Segawunu Pilithura | Minister Aluneris |
| 1952 | Umathu Wishwasaya | Abaran |
| 1947 | Kadawunu Poronduwa | Mohammad |
| 1948 | Kapati Arakshakaya | Junda |
| 1948 | Weradunu Kurumanama | |
| 1949 | Peralena Iranama | Peethara |
| 1953 | Sujatha | Perera Unnehe |
| 1954 | Warada Kageda | |
| 1954 | Radala Piliruwa | Kavan Piyasena |
| 1958 | Daskama | |
| 1968 | Mathru Bhoomi | |
| 1968 | Indunila | |
| 1971 | Kesara Sinhayo | Thepanis |
# Red Leaf Resources

Red Leaf Resources, Inc, doing business as Green Leaf Carbon Technologies, is an oil-shale technology company based in Salt Lake City, Utah, United States. It is the developer of the shale oil extraction technology HCCO$^®$ (Homogeneous Charged Continuous Oxidation) Process. The company holds mineral leases in Utah for oil shale development that can support 75,000 bbl/day of oil production. Its Uintah Partners LLC subsidiary also holds surface rights in the Uinta Basin with a permit for a 40,000 barrel per day refinery. The company is affiliated with Questerre Energy Corporation.

## Technology

The Green Leaf Carbon Technologies process for converting organic-rich material (primarily kerogen) to synthetic oil and gas is called the HCCO$^®$ Process. The process retorts mined kerogen ore in a closed steel vessel. Heat is moved continuously through the stationary bed with a fuel gas that is produced along with oil from the system. Heat is recovered by exposing the leading edge of the heat front to fresh ore. When all the oil is recovered from one vessel and the spent ore has been cooled, the vessel is offloaded and reloaded with fresh kerogen ore. Typically, three vessels are grouped together in a pod with two vessels involved in the heat movement and oil production while the third vessel is on turnaround. By using pure oxygen with the fuel gas, essentially pure CO$_2$ is produced which is directly amenable to geologic sequestration or for use (such as for enhanced oil recovery operations). Sufficient fuel gas is produced by the process to satisfy the heat requirements of the retort and to generate sufficient electricity for the process requirements, thereby eliminating the need for any external fuel sources. The process promises production of ‘blue oil’, that is, oil that has been produced with zero CO$_2$ emissions.

## Operations

Green Leaf Carbon Technologies controls oil shale leases covering about 16,000 acres (65 km$^2$) on State of Utah School and Institutional Trust Lands in eastern Utah. The acreage represents about 1.1 billion barrels (170 million cubic metres) of shale oil. Its 2009 pilot project produced more than 300 barrels (48 m$^3$) of oil. In 2012, the company formed a joint venture with Total S.A. to launch commercial scale production of 9,800 barrels per day (1,560 m$^3$/d), utilizing the company’s first-generation EcoShale In-Capsule process on its oil shale leases. In December 2013, a ground water permit was issued for the oil shale mine and shale oil plant. With the collapse of oil prices in 2014, the company undertook a process to redesign its shale oil extraction technology to lower its capital and operating costs and improve its environmental footprint. The HCCO$^®$ Process is the culmination of those efforts and Green Leaf Carbon Technologies is now pursuing commercial demonstration of the technology.

## Key People

Michael Binnion is the Chairman of the Board of Directors. Jason D’Silva is a director and the Chair of the Audit Committee. Patrick Quinlan is a director and the Chair of the Compensation Committee.
# Anton Lazutkin

Anton Nikolayevich Lazutkin (Russian: Антон Николаевич Лазуткин; born 5 November 1994) is a Russian former football player.

## Club career

He played his first game for the main squad of FC Rostov on 24 September 2015 in a Russian Cup game against FC Tosno.
# Evelyn Metzger

Evelyn Borchard Metzger (1911 - 2007) was an American modernist painter.

## Life

Metzger was born in New York City in 1911. She studied at the Art Students League of New York with George Bridgman. She graduated from Vassar College; then she studied with Sally James Farnham and George Grosz, and Raphael Soyer.
She lived in South America for many years, where she worked with Bolivian painter Cecilio Guzmán de Rojas.
She has participated in numerous group shows in museums and held several solo shows. She had exhibitions at Gallerie Bellechasse, Papillon Gallery, Palmer Gallery, and Johnson Museum of Art. Her works are in the National Museum of Women in the Arts collection. She donated artwork to the Metropolitan Museum of Art. and Brooklyn Museum.
# Crisis Preparedness and Response Centre

Crisis Preparedness and Response Centre (CPRC; Malay: Pusat Kesiapsiagaan dan Tindak Cepat Krisis) is the agency established by the Government of Malaysia under the 9th Malaysian Plan (2005–2010) as part of the overall strategy for effective disaster preparedness, outbreaks, crises and emergencies (Disaster, Outbreak, Crisis, Emergency - DOCE) related to health The opening of the CPRC was conducted by Malaysian Health Minister Datuk Seri Chua Soi Lek on May 7, 2007. The CPRC is located at Level 6, Block E10, Complex E, Federal Government Administrative Center, Putrajaya.
In its early days it served more as a centre of preparedness and response to dealing with the outbreak of infectious diseases and disasters. With the current development, CPRC has expanded its activities to all types and incidents involving public health such as natural disasters, "mass casualty incident", Chemical, Biological, Radiological, Nuclear and Explosives (CBRNe), terrorism and coup attempts.

## Operations
### Flu pandemic

The Perak State Emergency Preparedness and Response Centre began operations in April 2009, following the onset of the Influenza A (H1N1) pandemic. The centre is activated in accordance with the intention of the Ministry of Health Malaysia to coordinate health activities related to preparedness, prompt action and recovery before, during and after an outbreak of illness, disaster and crisis. In addition, the centre also works to coordinate actions, collaborate and maintain communication networks within health departments, ministries and other related agencies within or outside Perak. To date, the Motion Room is open daily including Weekly Holidays or General holidays. A total of 147 outbreaks were managed/monitored through the CPRC Perak in 2012.

### Malaysian floods

The Ministry of Health (MOH) has activated the National Crisis Preparedness and Emergency Response Centre (CPRC) in Putrajaya to monitor the flood situation across Malaysia by the end of 2019. The CPRC will provide daily updates to MOH regarding the number of flood victims and those moving to temporary placement center (PPS) to enable immediate and immediate action to be taken. CPRC will work with PPS in flood-affected areas. The PPS has input on the flood victims who can be shared with the District Health Office. Inputs from the PPS will help MOH handle any health issues if any.

### COVID-19 in Malaysia

The Ministry of Health (MOH) has activated the National Crisis Preparedness and Response Centre (CPRC) to monitor current developments on COVID-19 and to prepare for the pandemic.
# Qasemabad, Aran va Bidgol

Qasemabad (Persian: قاسم اباد, also Romanized as Qāsemābād) is a village in Kavir Rural District, Kavirat District, Aran va Bidgol County, Isfahan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 554, in 141 families.
# Oreše

Oreše (Macedonian: Ореше) is a village in the municipality of Čaška, North Macedonia. It used to be part of the former municipality of Bogomila. It historically has been identified as a Mijak village.

## Demographics

According to the 2021 census, the village had a total of 71 inhabitants. Ethnic groups in the village include:
* Macedonians 50
* Others 21
| Year | Macedonian | Albanian | Turks | Romani | Vlachs | Serbs | Bosniaks | Persons for whom data are taken from admin. sources | Total |
| 2002 | 218 | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | 218 |
| 2021 | 50 | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | 21 | 71 |
# Lah-e Deraz, Borujen

Lah-e Deraz (Persian: له دراز, also Romanized as Lah-e Derāz, Lah Derāz, and Leh Derāz) is a village in Dowrahan Rural District, Gandoman District, Borujen County, Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 171, in 55 families. The village is populated by Lurs.
# Cauchois dialect

Cauchois (French pronunciation:; Norman: Caucheis) is one of the eastern dialects of the Norman language that is spoken in and takes its name from the Pays de Caux region of the Seine-Maritime department.

## Status

The Pays de Caux is one of the remaining strongholds of the Norman language outside the Cotentin. Statistics give a wide range of interpretations as to numbers of speakers: between 0.3% and 19.1% of residents of Seine-Maritime identify themselves as speakers of Cauchois.

## Phonology

These are some distinguishing features of Cauchois from other Norman dialects:
* the absence of /h/
* the loss of /r/ between vowels
* a greater tendency to metathesis than in western dialects: e(u)j instead of jé (English I), eud instead of dé (of), euq instead of qué (that), eul instead of lé (the)

## Literature

The Purin literature of the 17th and 18th centuries, published in Rouen, is the earliest Norman literature displaying Cauchois features. However, the Norman literary revival, which started in the Channel Islands and Cotentin in the 19th century, was not reflected in the Pays de Caux until the early 20th century. From 1910 onwards, a range of literature was produced; one of the features of Norman literature characteristic of Cauchois literature was the mixture of French and Norman. In Lower Normandy, Norman literature since the revival period has tended to be as exclusively Norman as possible. In the Pays de Caux, by contrast, alongside literature written exclusively in Cauchois, a genre of literature developed in which narrative is written in French and dialogue in Cauchois, or dialogue is written in French or Cauchois, according to the language of the character.
Notable writers in Cauchois include Gabriel Benoist (author of the Thanase Pèqueu stories), Ernest Morel, Gaston Demongé, Maurice Le Sieutre and Marceau Rieul. Jehan Le Povremoyne (pseudonym of Ernest Coquin) wrote stories of the mixed dialogue genre, as did Raymond Mensire.
# Rob Stefaniuk

Robert Stefaniuk is a Canadian comedian, actor and writer who has worked in numerous television shows and films as both guest actor and series regular. His feature-film acting credits include the Saturday Night Live-inspired Superstar (1999) and Phil the Alien (2004).

## Biography

Stefaniuk first appeared during the ill-fated second season of Catwalk replacing Johnny Camden as guitarist. He also appeared in the 1995 short film Love Child which also starred fellow former Catwalk star Neve Campbell. Stefaniuk's first screenplay, The Size of Watermelons, was produced as an independent feature in 1996. In 2003, he was story editor and line producer, and did additional editing, for the independent feature Public Domain, directed by Kris Lefcoe. Shortly thereafter he made his directorial debut with the short comedy film Waiting for the Man, which was an official selection at the Sundance Film Festival in 2005. He subsequently wrote and directed his first feature-length film, Phil the Alien.
From 2004 to 2006 he voiced the character of "Buzz" Sawchuck in Gene Simmons' animated television show My Dad the Rock Star on NickToons.
Stefaniuk's latest work is the movie Suck, a vampire rock and roll comedy released in 2009 at the Toronto International Film Festival and on DVD in 2010. Stefaniuk writes, directs and stars in the film alongside Dimitri Coats, Jessica Paré, Malcolm McDowell, Iggy Pop, Alice Cooper, Moby, Dave Foley and Henry Rollins.

## Voices

* Timothy Goes to School - Frank #2
* Moville Mysteries - Luthor's bodyguard
* My Dad the Rock Star - "Buzz" Sawchuck
* Totally Spies! - Diminutive Smalls (Season 4)
* Grossology - Andy
* Spliced - Peri

## Awards

* 2005 Don Haig Award
# 277 BC

Year 277 BC was a year of the pre-Julian Roman calendar. At the time it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Rufinus and Brutus (or, less frequently, year 477 Ab urbe condita). The denomination 277 BC for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years.

## Events
### By place
#### Greece

* Antigonus crosses the Hellespont and defeats the Celts under the command of Cerethrius at the Battle of Lysimachia near Lysimachia at the neck of the Thracian Chersonese. After this success, he is acknowledged by the Macedonians as their king.

#### Sicily

* Pyrrhus captures Eryx, the strongest Carthaginian fortress in Sicily. This prompts the rest of the Carthaginian-controlled cities in Sicily to defect to Pyrrhus.

#### Italy

* Battle of the Cranita Hills: Roman forces are defeated by the Samnites at the Cranita Hills during the Pyrrhic War.
* Consul Publius Cornelius Rufinus campaigns against the Lucanians and the Bruttians and captures Crotone.

## Births

* Fan Zeng, Chinese adviser during the Chu-Han Contention (d. 204 BC)

## Deaths

* Sosthenes, Macedonian general and king of the Antipatrid Dynasty
# Estonian Democratic Party

The Estonian Democratic Party (Estonian: Eesti Demokraatlik Erakond, EDE) was a political party in Estonia.

## History

The party had its roots in the Estonian national movement towards the end of the 19th century. It was formally founded by Jaan Tõnisson in the city of Tartu in 1905 as the Progressive National Democratic Party (Eesti Rahvameelne Eduerakond). Tönisson represented the party in the Russian Duma, where the party was affiliated with the Constitutional Democratic Party.
In 1917 the party was renamed the "Democratic Party". It won seven seats in the Provincial Assembly elections in the same year, and became part of the Democratic Bloc in the Assembly alongside the Estonian Radical Democratic Party and the Rural League. The three contested the 1918 elections as the Democratic Bloc, receiving around 23% of the vote.
In March 1919 the party merged with the Radical Democratic Party to form the Estonian People's Party, with the new party going on to win 25 of the 120 seats in the Constituent Assembly elections in April. Some party members unhappy with the merger left to help form the Christian Democratic Party.
# Rachel Cronin

Rachel Cronin (born September 29, 1971) is a Canadian actress, best known for her role as Shirley Pifko on the NBC television series Ed.

## Early life

Cronin's father was Edmond Jude Cronin, a provincial court judge. She was born in Alberta and grew up in Vancouver, British Columbia. She attended Argyle Secondary School, a high school which emphasised the arts, where she won awards and bursaries for her acting. She was then accepted to the University of British Columbia Bachelor of Fine Arts Acting Program and graduated top of her class. Cronin has since been working in theatre, television and film, and in 2000 she was signed on to play the eccentric Shirley Pifko on Ed.

## Film and television filmography
### Film

| Year | Title | Role | Notes |
| 1996 | Cat Swallows Parakeet and Speaks! | Snow White | |
| 1998 | Y2K | Wendy Allison | Short film |
| 2003 | Spook | Kelly | |

### Television

| Year | Title | Role | Notes |
| 1995 | Eye Level | Hotel Manager | TV movie |
| 1997 | Poltergeist: The Legacy | Janice | 1 episode: s02e18 "Fear" |
| 1998 | The Outer Limits | GRS Girl - Melanie | 1 episode: s04e01 "Criminal Nature" |
| 2000 | They Nest | Respiratory Technician | TV movie |
| 2000–2004 | Ed | Shirley Pifko | Series regular |
| 2006 | This Space for Rent | Joan Forbes | |
| 2009 | Reaper | Mary Pat | 1 episode: s02e13 "The Devil and Sam Oliver" |
# State Property

State Property may refer to:
* State Property (band), an American rap group led by Beanie Sigel
* State Property (film), a 2002 American crime film starring Beanie Sigel
* State Property (soundtrack), a soundtrack album from the film
* State property, state or public ownership of an enterprise or asset.
* State function, a type of thermodynamic property
# Ademaga Mešić

Ademaga Mešić or Adem Aga Mešić (25 March 1868 – 1 July 1945) was a Bosnian politician and military officer who served in the Austro-Hungarian Schutzkorps, and later a member of the Ustaše government of the Independent State of Croatia for Bosnian region during World War II.

## Ottoman Bosnia

Mešić was married without children, and considered himself a Muslim Croat. He was the publisher of Behar, a Bosnian Muslim political journal published in the period 1900–11.

## Austrian annexation of Bosnia and Herzegovina

Mešić belonged to a Croatian-Muslim bloc installed in 1908 by the government of Austria-Hungary to support its annexation of Bosnia and Herzegovina. As a Germanophile, he was a leader of the Muslim supporters of the annexation of Bosnia and Herzegovina who renounced any kind of autonomy, including one based on religion. In 1908, he established the Muslim Progressive Party, which had a pro-Croat orientation. He wrote and published a work titled "Moj odgovor bezimenim klevetnicima".

## First World War

At the beginning of World War I he was military commander in the Schutzkorps, an auxiliary volunteer militia established in Bosnia and Herzegovina by the Austro-Hungarian authorities. The unit he organized and commanded was also known as "Ademaga's Army" (Croatian: Ademagina vojska). After the war Mešić was a poultry trader in Tešanj.

## Second World War

During World War II, he belonged to a narrow circle of Muslims who were supporters of the Independent State of Croatia and was vice-president of its government (Croatian: Doglavnik) with his seat in Banja Luka. At the end of the war he was part of the Independent State of Croatia evacuation to Austria, only to be imprisoned by British forces, who extradited him to the new Yugoslav communist government.

## Trial and death

After the war he was tried. In his closing statement he said that he was only a loyal citizen of the Ottoman sultan, Austrian emperor and Yugoslav king Karađorđević in turn, emphasizing his willingness to continue his loyal service, now to the new communist government. Mešić was sentenced to life in prison, where he died in 1945.
# Scott Swofford

Scott Swofford is an American film producer. He is a Latter-day Saint and produces IMAX films as well as other formats. When he was director of media for the LDS Church missionary department he developed the "I'm a Mormon" campaign. He has also worked as creative director for BYU Broadcasting. As such he was one of the main forces behind Granite Flats and director of Extinct.

## Filmography

* Legacy: A Mormon Journey (1990)
* Split Infinity (1992)
* The ButterCream Gang in Secret of Treasure Mountain (1993)
* Seasons of the Heart (1993)
* Rigoletto (1993 film)
* Best Western Film (Seasons of the Heart), Santa Clarita International Film Festival