OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Annie Choong

Annie Choong (20 February 1934 – 2 November 2024) was a Malaysian sprinter. She competed in the women's 100 metres at the 1956 Summer Olympics. She was the first woman to represent Malaysia at the Olympics.
Choong died from complications of dementia in Petaling Jaya, on 2 November 2024, at the age of 90.
# Al McDonald

Al McDonald is a politician in Ontario, Canada, who was mayor of North Bay, Ontario from 2010 to 2022. He was previously a Progressive Conservative member of the Legislative Assembly of Ontario from 2002 to 2003, and ran unsuccessfully for the Conservative Party of Canada in the 2004 federal election.

## Background

McDonald was born in Marville, France.

## Politics

McDonald was politically active on North Bay City Council before entering provincial politics, serving as the deputy mayor of that city for a time. He also served on the North Bay Economic Development Commission, the North Bay Police Services Board, and other local programs.
When former premier Mike Harris resigned as the member for Nipissing in early 2002, McDonald won the Progressive Conservative nomination to replace him. In a by-election held on May 2, 2002, he defeated Liberal candidate George Maroosis, also a city councillor, by 19 votes, as confirmed by a recount. McDonald served as a backbench supporter of new Premier Ernie Eves.
His tenure in office was brief. The Liberals won a majority government in the provincial election of 2003, and McDonald lost his seat to Liberal candidate Monique Smith by about 3,000 votes.
In the federal election of 2004, McDonald ran for the Conservatives in the redistributed riding of Nipissing—Timiskaming, but lost to Liberal Anthony Rota by 2,253 votes.
On August 26, 2010 McDonald announced his intention to run for mayor of North Bay in the 2010 municipal election. He won 87 per cent of the vote on election day over challengers Valerie Chadbourne and Harvey Villneff. He was elected to a second term as mayor in the 2014 municipal election.

## Electoral record

North Bay mayoral election, 2010 :
| Candidate | Candidate | Votes | % |
| Al McDonald | Al McDonald | 13,708 | 86.62 |
| Valerie Chadbourne | Valerie Chadbourne | 1,549 | 9.79 |
| Harvey Villneff | Harvey Villneff | 569 | 3.60 |
2004 Canadian federal election :
| Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | Liberal | Anthony Rota | 18,254 | 42.3% |
| | Conservative | Al McDonald | 16,001 | 37.1% |
| | New Democratic | Dave Fluri | 7,354 | 17.0% |
| | Green | Les Wilcox | 1,329 | 3.1% |
| | Canadian Action | Ross MacLean | 204 | 0.5% |
| Total valid votes | Total valid votes | Total valid votes | 43,142 | 100% |
| Total rejected ballots | Total rejected ballots | Total rejected ballots | 222 |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 43,364 | 62.4% |
2003 Ontario general election :
| Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| Liberal | Monique Smith | 18,003 | 49.84 | +6.70 |
| Progressive Conservative | Al McDonald | 14,978 | 41.47 | -8.95 |
| New Democratic | Terry O'Connor | 2,613 | 7.23 | +2.37 |
| Green | Jaimie Board | 528 | 1.46 | +0.51 |
Nipissing by-election, May 2, 2002 (resignation of Mike Harris) :
| Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| Progressive Conservative | Al McDonald | 13,989 | 45.54 | -4.88 |
| Liberal | George Maroosis | 13,970 | 45.48 | +2.34 |
| New Democratic | Wendy Young | 1,821 | 5.93 | +1.07 |
| Green | Todd Lucier | 940 | 3.06 | +2.11 |
# Yevgeni Tsimbal

Yevgeni Dmitriyevich Tsimbal (Russian: Евгений Дмитриевич Цимбал; born 11 February 1986) is a Russian former professional football player.

## Club career

He made his Russian Football National League debut for FC Baltika Kaliningrad on 19 April 2008 in a game against FC Metallurg-Kuzbass Novokuznetsk.
# Kalateh-ye Safdarabad

Kalateh-ye Safdarabad (Persian: كلاته صفدراباد, also Romanized as Kalāteh-ye Safdarābād) is a village in Titkanlu Rural District, Khabushan District, Faruj County, North Khorasan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 717, in 182 families.
# Raja Gazaffar

Raja Gazanffar is an Indian politician and a member of the 1996 Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly election who represents the Bijnor (Assembly constituency) constituency Uttar Pradesh party Bahujan Samaj Party in office October 1996 and May 2002.

## Death

He died in 2014 due to prolonged illness, after hearing the news of which Akhilesh Yadav Mayawati expressed his condolences by tweeting

## Achievements

Tribute was paid to former State Minister Raja Ghazanfar Ali Khan, former President of Muslim Fund Kiratpur and founder of Maulana Mohammad Ali Johar Higher Education Institute, on his sixth death anniversary.
Apart from Muslim Fund office, branches Bhojpur, Chandpur, Jalalabad, Mandawar, Bijnor etc., Isale Sawab was conveyed by reciting Quran in educational institutions like Maulana Mohammad Ali Higher Education Institute Kiratpur, Maryam Girls College, Maryam Higher Secondary School, Maryam Convent Primary School, Madrasa Maryam Islamic School etc. and his contribution was remembered
# Mama (river)

The Mama (Russian: Мама) is a river in Irkutsk Oblast and Buryatia, Russia. It is a left tributary of the Vitim, the second largest in basin area after the Tsipa. The river has a length of 211 kilometres (131 mi) and a drainage basin of 18,900 square kilometres (7,300 sq mi). The total length of the river including the Left Mama is 406 kilometres (252 mi).
The Mamsko-Chuysky District of Irkutsk Oblast is named after rivers Mama and Chuya. The settlements of Bramya, Slyudyanka, Lugovsky, Zarya and Mama are located by the river.

## Course

The river basin is located on the slopes and foothills of the Upper Angara Range. Rivers Left Mama (Levaya Mama) and Right Mama (Pravaya Mama), which form the Mama river, have their sources in the heights of the range, at 1,720 m (5,640 ft) the first and at about 1,900 m (6,200 ft) the second. They are fast-flowing mountain rivers, with rapids and waterfalls. After the confluence the Mama flows roughly northeastwards across a fragmented floodplain slightly meandering among rocky banks. The river is navigable downstream from the confluence of the Bramya, a small tributary. Finally the Mama meets the lower course of the Vitim 171 km (106 mi) from its mouth in the Lena.
The river is located in an area marked by permafrost. Most of the territory adjacent to the river is covered by larch taiga and Siberian pine in the upper reaches, crowned by golets bare summits. The main tributaries of the Mama are the 153 kilometres (95 mi) long Konkudera, the 48 kilometres (30 mi) long Kaverga and the 40 kilometres (25 mi) long Bolshoi Ugli.
* Basin of the Vitim with the Mama in the upper part.
# Kızılpınar, Karakoçan

Kızılpınar (Kurdish: Qizilpinar) is a village in the Karakoçan District of Elazığ Province in Turkey. Its population is 193 (2021). The village is populated by Kurds.
# Irreligion in South Korea

Religion in South Korea (2015 census)
Irreligion in South Korea is common, with 56% percent of the population saying they are not affiliated with a religion, as of the 2015 national census. South Korea also has the 5th largest population of atheists in the world, according to a 2012 Gallup International poll, which found that 15% of South Koreans were "convinced atheists." According to a 2021 Gallup Korea poll, 60% identify with no religion, 17% with Protestantism, 16% with Buddhism, 6% with Catholicism, and 1% with other religions.

## Demographics
### South Koreans with no religious affiliation by year (1985–2015)

| Year | Percent | People |
| 1985 | 57% | 23,216,356 |
| 1995 | 49% | 21,953,315 |
| 2005 | 46% | 21,865,160 |
| 2015 | 56% | 27,498,715 |

### South Koreans with no religious affiliation by age (2015)

| Age | Percent |
| 20–29 | 65% |
| 30–39 | 62% |
| 40–49 | 57% |
| 50–59 | 49% |
| 60–69 | 42% |
| 70–79 | 41% |
| 80–85 | 42% |
| above 85 | 43% |

### South Koreans with no religious affiliation by gender (2015)

| Gender | Percent |
| Male | 61% |
| Female | 52% |

## History

Prior to the 20th century, Korean society was Neo-Confucian, and most Koreans were nontheists, who were not concerned with the question of whether or not God existed. Following the division of Korea in the mid-20th century, approximately 88% of South Koreans said they had no religious affiliation in 1964. While religiousness in South Korea experienced a sharp rise in the 20th century, the majority of South Koreans (56%) had no religious affiliation as of 2015 national census. According to a 2012 Gallup International poll, 15% of South Koreans said they were "convinced atheists," an increase from 11% in 2005.
According to some experts, contemporary irreligion in South Korea can be partially attributed to South Koreans' distrust of hierarchical organizations like religious groups. Experts also point to South Korea's demanding education and work systems as reasons why few young South Koreans participate in organized religion.
# Lyapunov

Lyapunov (Russian: Ляпунов, in old-Russian often written Лепунов) is a Russian surname that is sometimes also romanized as Ljapunov, Liapunov or Ljapunow. Notable people with the surname include:
* Alexey Lyapunov (1911–1973), Russian mathematician
* Aleksandr Lyapunov (1857–1918), son of Mikhail (1820–1868), Russian mathematician and mechanician, after whom the following are named:
** Lyapunov dimension
** Lyapunov equation
** Lyapunov exponent
** Lyapunov function
** Lyapunov fractal
** Lyapunov stability
** Lyapunov's central limit theorem
** Lyapunov time
** Lyapunov vector
** Lyapunov (crater)
* Boris Lyapunov (1862–1943), son of Mikhail (1820–1868), Russian expert in Slavic studies
* Mikhail Lyapunov (1820–1868), Russian astronomer
* Mikhail Nikolaevich Lyapunov (1848–1909), Russian military officer and lawyer
* Prokopy Lyapunov (d. 1611), Russian statesman
* Sergei Lyapunov (1859–1924), son of Mikhail (1820–1868), Russian composer
* Zakhary Lyapunov (d. after 1612), Russian statesman, Prokopy Lyapunov's brother
# Robert Abi Nader

Robert Abi Nader (Arabic: روبير ابي نادر) is a Lebanese fashion designer.

## Career

Nader went to Paris, the capital of the haute couture and fashion world, to pursue his studies in fashion design. He was accepted into the prestigious Chambre Syndicale de la Haute Couture, where he became one of the first successful Lebanese fashion designers in France.
Nader dresses a number of princesses, first ladies, movie stars, and beauty queens. He has been called the "king of Middle Eastern haute couture".
# Tumaslı, Barda

Tumaslı (also, Tumasly) is a village and municipality in the Barda District of Azerbaijan. It has a population of 865.
# Gateway 2

Gateway 2 is the second album by Gateway, recorded in July 1977 and released on ECM the following year. The trio comprises guitarist John Abercrombie, bassist Dave Holland and drummer Jack DeJohnette.

## Reception

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
| The Penguin Guide to Jazz | |
The Penguin Guide to Jazz called the album "less effective" than the group's previous album, with "Abercrombie riffling rather desperately through his electrical shade cards. DeJohnette, as always is flawless."
The AllMusic review by Scott Yanow stated that "the playing on the five group originals is generally more fiery than introspective. None of the individual selections are all that memorable but the group improvising does have plenty of surprising moments."

## Track listing

* "Opening" (John Abercrombie/Dave Holland/Jack DeJohnette) – 16:17
* "Reminiscence" (Holland) – 4:32
* "Sing Song" (Abercrombie) – 6:55
* "Nexus" (Holland) – 7:55
* "Blue" (DeJohnette) – 8:14

## Personnel

* John Abercrombie – electric guitar, acoustic guitar, electric mandolin
* Jack DeJohnette – drums, piano
* Dave Holland – bass
# Likhmidas

Likhmidas Solanki (8 July 1750 – 8 September 1830) is a noted saint from Rajasthan belonging to the Sainik Kshatriya or Rajput Mali community. He is believed to have done many miracles during his lifetime.
He was married and had two sons and daughter and lived in Nagaur in Rajasthan, India.

## Life

Santmidas ji was born on 8 July 1750 to Shrimati Nathi Devi in Amarpura, Rajasthan.
He married Mrs. Cheney, daughter of Parsaramji Tak and they had two sons (Jagramji and Gendaji) and a daughter (Badigena).
Lekhmidas Ji Maharaj took samadhi on 8 September 1830 while living in the village of Amarpura. Presently the Mahant of your Dham is Jituram Ji Maharaj.

## Legacy

Limidas Ji Maharaj composed many hymns and couplets.
The main dham of Likhmidas is Amarpura Gurudwara, other dhams are at Deh, Gudla, Tausar, Goa.
There are many followers of Likhmidas, especially in Rajasthan. His main temple is at Amarpura near Nagaur. The renovated large temple with pran-pratishtha of idol of Likhmidasji was inaugurated by erstwhile Chief Minister of Rajasthan, Vasundhara Raje on 6 December 2016.
# Manoj Yadav (politician)

Manoj Yadav is an Indian politician who was elected as a member of Bihar Legislative Assembly from Belhar constituency in 2020 as candidate of Janata Dal (United). He defeated three time MLA, Ramdeo Yadav of Rashtriya Janata Dal in the 2020 elections.
# Sandeep Saurav

Sandeep Saurav (born 1988) is an Indian politician from Bihar and a member of Bihar Legislative Assembly representing the Paliganj Assembly constituency in Patna district. He is from CPI(ML)L and was elected in the 2020 Bihar election, securing 67,917 votes against the incumbent MLA Jai Vardhan Yadav from JD(U) who secured 37,002 votes. He was nominated to contest the 2024 Indian General Election in Bihar from the Nalanda seat against the incumbent MP Kaushalendra Kumar of JD(U).

## Early life and education

Saurav hails from Maner, a satellite town in Patna metropolitan region, Bihar. His father was a farmer. He completed his graduation from Patna University. Later, he joined the Centre of Indian Languages under School of Languages in Jawaharlal Nehru University, Delhi, where he also completed his M.A. in 2009, M.Phil. and Ph.D. in 2014 in Hindi.

## Career

Saurav left his job as an assistant professor and joined politics. He contested as an MLA candidate for the first time in 2020 and was elected from Paliganj seat.

### Student leader

Saurav was the National General Secretary of All India Students Association, a left wing students organisation. He is the leader of Communist Party of India (Marxist–Leninist) (Liberation). Earlier, he was the councillor and general secretary of the JNU Students' Union in 2013.

### MLA

Saurav won the 2020 Bihar Legislative Assembly Election representing (CPI-ML) (Liberation) from Paliganj Assembly Constituency in Bihar State Legislative Assembly as a Mahagathbandhan nominee. He defeated JD (U) candidate Jai Vardhan Yadav by a margin of 30,915 votes and with a vote share of 44.27 per cent.

## Electoral record
### 2024 Nalanda Lok Sabha constituency

2024 Indian general election: Nalanda :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | JD(U) | Kaushalendra Kumar | 559,422 | 48.9 |
| | CPI(ML)L | Sandeep Saurav | 3,90,308 | 34.1 |
| | NOTA | None of the above | | |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 169114 | |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | | |
| | JD(U) hold | JD(U) hold | Swing | |

### Bihar State Legislative Assembly Election 2020

Bihar Assembly election, 2020: Paliganj :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | CPI(ML)L | Sandeep Saurav | 67,917 | 43.73 |
| | JD(U) | Jai Vardhan Yadav | 37,002 | 23.83 |
| | LJP | Usha Vidyarthi | 16,102 | 10.37 |
| | RLSP | Madhu Manjari | 5,467 | 3.52 |
| | Independent | Sunil Kumar | 5,261 | 3.39 |
| | Independent | Gopal Chaudhari | 4,444 | 2.86 |
| | NOTA | None of the above | 1,881 | 1.21 |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 30,915 | 19.90 |
# Pawan Kumar Yadav

Pawan Kumar Yadav (born 4 January 1971) is an Indian politician who has served as a member of the Bihar Legislative Assembly since 2020. A member of the Bharatiya Janata Party, he represents the Kahalgaon constituency.

## Political career

Yadav ran for the Bihar Legislative Assembly in the 2015 election, contesting the Kahalgaon constituency as an independent candidate. He was defeated, placing third with 15% of the vote. He ran for the same constituency again in the 2020 election, standing as a Bharatiya Janata Party candidate. Despite the district being an Indian National Congress stronghold and his opponent being the son of prominent politician Sadanand Singh, Yadav was elected with 115,538 votes compared to his opponent's 72,379.
During his tenure, Yadav advocated for the expansion of Bhagalpur Airport, arguing that it could not handle large airplanes. In 2021, he met with state railway minister Ashwani Vaishnav regarding rail stoppages in the Bhagalpur district.
# Trailer stability assist

Trailer Stability Assist (TSA), also known as Electronic Trailer Sway Control, is designed to control individual wheel slip to correct potential trailer swing before there is an accident. Although similar to Electronic Stability Control (ESC), TSA is programmed differently and is designed to detect yaw in the tow-vehicle and take specific corrective actions to eliminate trailer sway. Most ESC systems are not designed to detect such movement nor take the correct actions to control both trailer and tow-vehicle; so not all ESC equipped vehicles have TSA capabilities.
TSA systems detect when a trailer is starting to oscillate while under tow and corrects any dangerous trailer swing through a combination of either torque reduction and/or individual wheel braking to bring the trailer and tow-vehicle back under control. While towing heavy trailers, such as a travel trailer, an unwanted wallow of the whole assembly may occur. Without the help of electronics, regaining stability requires focused attention by the driver.
# Saba Zafar

Saba Zafar is an Indian Politician From Janata Dal (United). He was elected to the assembly in 2010 from Amour (Vidhan Sabha constituency), which is part of Kishanganj (Lok Sabha constituency) after delimitation. Saba Zafar is contested election on BJP ticket from Amour (Vidhan Sabha constituency) in 2015 Bihar Legislative Assembly election. He Joined Janata Dal (United) For 2020 Bihar Polls
Saba Zafar is a Kulahia Muslim. He did his graduation from Patna University. Saba defeated Abdul Jalil Mastan (Surjapuri Muslim) of Congress by over 18,000 votes in Amour in 2010 Bihar Legislative Assembly election.
# Will Reynolds

William Reynolds was an African American railroad worker. He had no prior conviction before he shot nine members of a police posse, seven of them fatally, in Tuscumbia, Alabama, United States on April 6, 1902, before being shot dead himself.
Police arrived at Reynolds' home in Tuscumbia's black neighborhood to arrest him on a charge of obtaining property under false pretenses. According to the Richmond Planet, Reynolds opened fire immediately on the sheriff and deputy who came to the door, killing both. He barricaded himself in the house and a posse was assembled. In the ensuing gun battle, Reynolds killed five more white men, totaling seven. After four hours, the posse set fire to the house in which he was barricaded and, in attempting to escape, Reynolds was shot to death. The posse threw Reynolds remains in the fire. A total of three houses were burned down.
With the sheriff and five deputies of the Colbert County Sheriff's Department among those killed, this was the deadliest incident in Alabama law enforcement history.
Racial tensions were high after the incident and, the following day in nearby Florence, Alabama, a prominent white butcher was arrested for killing and butchering a black patron who praised Reynolds.

## Victims

* Sheriff Charles Gassaway, 33
* Deputy William Gassaway, brother of Charles Gassaway
* Deputy Jesse Davis
* Deputy James Payne
* Deputy Pat A. Prout
* Deputy Bob Wallace
* Hugh Jones
Those wounded were: James Finney and Bob Patterson.
# POM-3 mine

The POM-3 "Medallion" (ПOM-3, Russian: Противопехотная Осколочная Мина, lit. 'anti-infantry fragmentation mine') is a Russian bounding anti-personnel mine.

## Design

The POM-3 is a scatterable mine of roughly cylindrical shape, able to be deployed from the air or by ground forces. The Russian ISDM Zemledelie mine-laying rocket launcher, in service since 2021, can deploy the mines in a range from 5 to 15 km. Once the mine hits the ground, stabilized by a small parachute, it stands upright on six spring-loaded feet on hard ground, or sticks into the ground if it is soft.
The mine is activated by a seismic sensor forced into the ground. The sensor detects approaching footsteps and activates the mine if it determines that a person is within lethal range (about 16 meters). Upon activation, a fragmentation charge is ejected into the air and explodes. The mine has a self-destruct fuze that detonates the mine 8 or 24 hours after deployment.
The POM-3 weighs 1.3kg and has a shelf-life of 11 years.

## Use in war

Human Rights Watch reported in March 2022 that Russian forces in the eastern Kharkiv oblast used POM-3 mines in the Russian invasion of Ukraine. The use of anti-personnel mines is prohibited by the Ottawa Treaty, to which Ukraine, but not Russia, is a party.
# Lantic

Lantic (French pronunciation:; Breton: Lannidig) is a commune in the Côtes-d'Armor department of Brittany in northwestern France.

## Population

Inhabitants of Lantic are called lanticais in French.
# Estonian national road 87

Tugimaantee 87 (ofcl. abbr. T87), also called the Põlva ring road (Estonian: Põlva ringtee), is the ring road of Põlva. It starts at the intersection of national roads 62 and 89 on the west side of town and runs north and east of Põlva through the intersections of roads 61 and 62 to the southeast side of the town to road 90. The length of the road is 6.0 kilometers.
# Bridge Gate

Stara Prochownia (English: The Old Gunpowder Depot) also known as the Bridge Gate (Polish: Brama Mostowa) is a historic building in Warsaw New Town. It is located on ulica Boleść, just below the New Town and the Warsaw Barbican, on the Vistula River escarpment.

## History

The building was initially constructed in 1582 by Queen Anna I of Poland as one of the gates in the city walls of Warsaw. Unlike other gates, it was built to prevent fire from spreading from the densely built-up Old Town to the newly built wooden bridge that crossed the river. The gate gained the name Brama Mostowa (Bridge Gate). Although the bridge was destroyed by a flood in 1603, and subsequent bridges were built to the south, the name stuck.
In the 17th century, when the city walls lost their strategical significance in warfare, the gate was converted into a gunpowder depot, which gave its name to the contemporary name. Expanded between 1648 and 1649 it served its new role until 1769, when it was converted into a city prison. Around that time it was also expanded (possibly by Jakub Fontana) along the Boleść Street. Further expansion was done between 1796 and 1806.
Following the November Uprising and the Russian decision to erect the Warsaw Citadel, in 1833 the prison had been liquidated and the building was refurbished to become a private house. After the World War II parts of the building were rebuilt in their 18th century form.
In 1994, a plaque was unveiled on the wall of the House of Punishment and Improvement, commemorating the soldiers of the "Dzik" battalion who fought in this place in the Warsaw Uprising. Since 2002, the complex houses the educational institution of the Capital City of Warszawy – Capital Center of Cultural Education National Education Commission. The facility is called Starej Prochowni SCEK. In 2010–2012, the cellars of the building were renovated, including it in the Trail of the Cultural Cellars of the Old Town. At the same time, an amphitheater was built on the northern side of the former moat.