OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Tamara Morshchakova

Tamara Georgievna Morshchakova (Russian: Тамара Георгиевна Морщакова; born 28 March 1936) is a Soviet and Russian jurist who served as a judge of the Russian Constitutional Court from 1991 till 2002. Tamara Morshchakova was a member of the Presidential Council for Civil Society and Human Rights until 2019.

## Biography

Tamara Morshchakova was born on 28 March 1936, in Moscow.
She was appointed a judge of the Constitutional Court by the Congress of People's Deputies in 1991. Tamara Morshchakova participated in developing of many laws, including 1993 Russian State Constitution, participated in developing of a project of the Law on the Constitutional Court of Russia.
Tamara Morshchakova was elected in 2013 for the Commissioner from Europe and Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS), an international institution inside the International Commission of Jurists, and then re-elected in 2018.

### Presidential Council for Civil Society and Human Rights

Tamara Morshchakova was a long time member of the Presidential Council for Civil Society and Human Rights, approx. since 2000s, when the Council's chair was Ella Pamfilova. She resigned from the Council on 21 October 2019, when President Vladimir Putin had dismissed five core members of the Council (Higher School of Economics' professor Mikhail Fedotov, political scientist Ekaterina Schulmann, lawyer Pavel Chikov, Higher School of Economics' professor Ilya Shablinsky, and lawyer Yevgeny Bobrov), saying that the former Council, that was intended for human rights, had disappeared, and she doesn't want to work in the new Council, if the Council is intended for other else tasks.

## Publications

Tamara Morshchakova is author of about a hundred of publications on the Law and Rights, including these (listed in Russian original language)
* "Эффективность правосудия и проблемы устранения судебных ошибок", в соавторстве [Efficiency of Justice and problems redressing forensic errors, co-author] (1975);
* "Теоретические основы эффективности правосудия", в соавторстве [Theoretical bases of judicial efficiency, co-author] (1980),
* "Оценка качества судебного разбирательства по уголовным делам" [Ranking of the quality of forensic inquiry in the criminal cases] (1988),
* "Судебная реформа" [Justice reform] (1990);
* Учебник уголовного процесса, соавтор [Learning book on criminology process, co-author] (1990, 1995, 1998, 1999)
# Skuon

Skuon (Khmer: ស្គន់) is the district capital of Cheung Prey District, in Kampong Cham Province, Cambodia. This busy market town has grown up around the intersection of National Highway 6 and National Highway 7. Skuon is around 49 kilometres (30 mi) west of the provincial capital at Kampong Cham city and 75 kilometres (47 mi) north of the Cambodian capital Phnom Penh. Skuon is sometimes known in the local language as "Spiderville", it is famous with international visitors to Cambodia for its fried spiders.
# Burkandul

Burkandul (Talysh: Bırkandül) is a village and municipality in the Lerik Rayon of Azerbaijan. It has a population of 776. The municipality consists of the villages of Burkandul and Qırxıncı.
# Garakopaktapa

Garakopaktapa (Azerbaijani: Qaraköpəktəpə) is an ancient multilayer settlement of the Middle Bronze Age epoch, located in a basin of the Guruchay and Kondalanchay Rivers, near Fuzuli Rayon, Azerbaijan.
The monument was discovered by Azerbaijani archaeologist Gudrat Ismayilov during 1961–1971 excavations. Items of material culture of the Middle Bronze Age which began in Azerbaijan from the second half of the 3rd millennium BC were found out. Various collected materials characterize the culture of the tribes lived in the Mil-Karabakh steppe during that period.
Ismayilov ascribed the Garabulag kurgan cemetery located on the right coast of the Kondalan River and investigated in 1898 by Alexei Ivanovski, to this settlement.
# Arefaine Berhe

Arefaine Berhe has been the Minister of Agriculture of Eritrea since Tesfai Ghirmazion was moved to the Ministry of Land, Water, and Environment in February 1997.
# Hero of Labour of the Russian Federation

Hero of Labour of the Russian Federation (Russian: Герой Труда Российской Федерации) is a state award of Russia. The title is awarded to citizens of Russia for special services in labour to the state and its people associated with the achievement of outstanding results in public, social and economic activities aimed at ensuring the welfare and prosperity of Russia.
The award was established by Russian President Vladimir Putin by Presidential Decree №294 of March 29, 2013, "On establishing the Hero of Labour of the Russian Federation". This award is seen as the successor of Soviet Union's Hero of Socialist Labour.

## Heroes of Labour of the Russian Federation
### Politicians

Mintimer Shaimiev, Sergey Lavrov, Nikolay Kharitonov, Valentina Matviyenko, Gennady Zyuganov, Vladimir Resin

### Artists

Valery Gergiev, Joseph Kobzon, Nikita Mikhalkov, Galina Volchek, Mark Zakharov, Yury Solomin, Eduard Artemyev, Yuri Bashmet, Alexandr Shilov, Aleksandra Pakhmutova

### Scientists

Herbert Yefremov, Evgeny Velikhov, Georgy Rykovanov, Yury Osipov, Viktor Sadovnichiy

### Others

Irina Viner-Usmanova, Vladimir Bogdanov, Arkady Rotenberg, Leonid Roshal, Alexey Miller, Alisa Aksyonova
# Campbell diagram

A Campbell diagram plot represents a system's response spectrum as a function of its oscillation regime. It is named for Wilfred Campbell, who introduced the concept. It is also called an interference diagram.

## In rotordynamics

In rotordynamical systems, the eigenfrequencies often depend on the rotation rates due to the induced gyroscopic effects or variable hydrodynamic conditions in fluid bearings. It might represent the following cases:
* Analytically computed values of eigenfrequencies as a function of the shaft's rotation speed. This case is also called "whirl speed map". Such a chart can be used in turbine design.
* Experimentally measured vibration response spectrum as a function of the shaft's rotation speed (waterfall plot), the peak locations for each slice usually corresponding to the eigenfrequencies.

## In acoustical engineering

In acoustical engineering, the Campbell diagram would represent the pressure spectrum waterfall plot vs the machine's shaft rotation speed (sometimes also called 3D noise map).
# Book of Song

The Book of Song (Sòng Shū) is a historical text of the Liu Song dynasty of the Southern Dynasties of China. It covers history from 420 to 479, and is one of the Twenty-Four Histories, a traditional collection of historical records. It was written in 492–493 by Shen Yue from the Southern Qi dynasty (479–502).
The work contained 100 volumes at the time that it was written, but some volumes were already missing by the time of the Song dynasty. Later editors reconstructed those volumes by taking material from the History of the Southern Dynasties, plus a few works such as the Historiette of Gao by Gao Jun, though many of those volumes were no longer in their original condition.

## History

The Book of Song was based on records compiled beginning in the Liu Song. He Chentian 何承天 (370–447) was commissioned by the imperial court of the time in 439. He compiled biographies and also treatises on astronomy and music. Compilation was later continued by Shan Qianzhi 山謙之 (fl. 440–456), and Xu Yuan 徐爰 (394–475). The Qi court commissioned Shen Yue in 487 to complete the Book of Song.

## Contents

The first ten juan or volume are annals of the Liu Song emperors, 30 juan contain treatises, and 60 juan are dedicated to biographies.

## Translations

There are no known full translations to English. Dien includes partial translations of The Disputation at Pengcheng, a conflict in present-day Xuzhou. Dien compares the Northern Wei and Liu Song accounts of this one in a long series of conflicts between the two states. The Liu Song account is included in volume 59 of the Book of Song. Holcombe translates a fragment of volume 54 on a land petition.
# Chutes Provincial Park

Chutes Provincial Park is a recreation class provincial park in Sables-Spanish Rivers, Ontario, Canada, near the community of Massey. The park is named after a logging chute that diverted logs around the waterfall on the River aux Sables. The waterfall is considered the main attraction at the park, along with the Seven Sisters Rapids found upstream from the waterfall.
Unlike many other provincial parks, its proximity to Massey allows the park to use the municipal water supply, meaning that water does not have to be boiled before drinking.
The park's facilities include 130 campsites, of which 79 are serviced with electricity. It has a 6 kilometres (3.7 mi) hiking trail with views of scenic waterfalls and river gorge.
Chutes Provincial Park spans both sides of the River aux Sables, protecting a 3 kilometres (1.9 mi) section of the river. It consists of 2 zones: a 20 hectares (49 acres) Development Zone on the west side of the river; and a Natural Environment Zone occupying the northern part and east side of the river. Park features include wetlands, rock lands, floodplains, and terraces. The campground is forested with red pine and jackpine, while on the east side of the river, there is a mixture of poplar, maple, spruce, and white pine. Upstream of this park, the river is protected in the River aux Sables Provincial Park.
# Hertha Engelbrecht

Hertha Engelbrecht (born 28 March 1922 in Hamburg; died 24 March 2012 in Bad Honnef) was a German lawyer, as Senate director for 27 years head of the representation of the Free and Hanseatic City of Hamburg at the Federal. In addition, she was chairman, honorary chairman and managing director of the German Lawyer's Association. In 1965, she became the successor to the lawyer Charlotte Graf chairwoman of the German Lawyer's Association (djb) and held this function for two years until 1967. Subsequently, she followed the notary and former chairman Renate Lenz-Fuchs as chairman, while she was honorary chairman of the djb. After her retirement on March 27, 1985, Niels Jonas succeeded her as head of the representation of the Free and Hanseatic City of Hamburg to the federal government. In 1986, she became honorary executive director of the djb in Bonn and retained this position until 1997.
# Qasemabad, Khatam

Qasemabad (Persian: قاسم اباد, also Romanized as Qāsemābād) is a village in Harabarjan Rural District, Marvast District, Khatam County, Yazd Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 207, in 34 families.
# Pereked

Pereked (Croatian: Prekad) is a village in Baranya county, Hungary.
# Crépol

Crépol (French pronunciation:; Arpitan: Crèpôl) is a rural commune in the southeastern Drôme department in the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region in France. It is located northwest of Valence, not far from the departmental border with Isère, in the Dauphiné historical region.
In 2023, it was the scene of the Crépol stabbing, which received international news coverage.
# Deh Rawood District

Deh Rawood is a district in Uruzgan Province, southern Afghanistan, and the name of the town that serves as district seat. Deh Rawood lies along the Helmand River. The tribes in the district are Pashtun, dominated by the Noorzai and Populzai sub-tribes.
The Netherlands, representing the NATO International Security Assistance Force (ISAF) force in Uruzgan Province, has established a military base in Deh Rawod, adjacent to pre-existing U.S. and Afghan Army bases.

## Security and Politics

Government includes a district governor, chief of police, court, line departments, and three district shuras:
* A 29-person development shura composed of tribal elders and engineers who monitor the implementation of development projects.
* A 40-person tribal shura.
* A 73-person malikan (village representative) shura that serves as a contact point for international actors.
On 19 November 2009 it was reported that a suicide bomber blew himself up in Deh Rawad district in a crowded area. The attack killed 10 and injured 13.
On 17 December 2009, another suicide bomber blew himself up but failed at his attempt to get inside of the district headquarters.
On 16 December 2020, the Taliban launched a surprise attack on the district, killing 20 ANDSF members including the district's deputy police chief of the district. The Taliban occupied the bazaar of the district before being pushed out by remaining militia forces in the area.
On 29 December 2020, a Taliban flag was reported to have been flown over the city's center, indicating that Afghan forces have left the area.
# Abshenasan Expressway

Abshenasan Expressway (Persian: بزرگراه آبشناسان), also known as Iranpars Expressway, is an expressway in northern Tehran.
It is named after Hassan Abshenasan, former commander of the 23rd Commando Division who was killed during Iran–Iraq War.
From East to West :
| | Niayesh Expressway Ashrafi Esfahani Expressway |
| | Sardar Jangal Boulevard |
| | Sattari Expressway |
| | Shahin Bouleverd North |
| | Jannat Abad Boulevard |
| | Bakeri Expressway |
| | Shahran Street |
| | Sangan-Suleqan Road |
| Under Construction |||
| From West to East |||
# Lithuania Hockey League

The Lithuania Hockey League (Lithuanian: Nacionaline ledo ritulio lyga) is the premier men's ice hockey league in Lithuania.

## Teams

| Team | City | Arena | Founded | Joined |
| Energija/GV Elektrėnai | Elektrėnai | Elektrėnai Ice Palace | 1977 | 1991 |
| Energija Hockey/HC Klaipėda | Elektrėnai | Elektrėnai Ice Palace & Klaipėda Akropolis. | 2020 | 2020 |
| Kaunas Baltų Ainiai | Kaunas | Ledo Arena Kaunas | 2019 | 2019 |
| Hockey Punks Vilnius | Vilnius | Pramogų Arena | 2007 | 2013 |
| Kaunas Hockey | Kaunas | Ledo Arena Kaunas | 2017 | 2017 |

## Champions

* 1992 – SC Energija
* 1993 – SC Energija
* 1994 – SC Energija
* 1995 – SC Energija
* 1996 – SC Energija
* 1997 – SC Energija
* 1998 – SC Energija
* 1999 – SC Energija
* 2000 – Viltis Elektrėnai
* 2001 – SC Energija
* 2002 – Garsų Pasaulis Vilnius
* 2003 – SC Energija
* 2004 – SC Energija
* 2005 – SC Energija
* 2006 – SC Energija
* 2007 – SC Energija
* 2008 – SC Energija
* 2009 – SC Energija
* 2010 – Sporto Centras Elektrėnai
* 2011 – Sporto Centras Elektrėnai
* 2012 – ESSM Energija Elektrėnai
* 2013 – SC Energija
* 2014 – Delovaja Rus Kaliningrad
* 2015 – Delovaja Rus Kaliningrad
* 2016 – SC Energija
* 2017 – SC Energija
* 2018 – SC Energija
* 2019 – SC Energija
* 2020 – not finished
* 2021 – Kaunas Hockey
* 2022 – Hockey Punks
* 2023 – Kaunas City
* 2024 – SC Energija

## Titles by team

| Titles | Club | Years |
| 22 | Energija Elektrėnai | 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2001, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2013, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2024 |
| 2 | Delovaja Rus Kaliningrad | 2014, 2015 |
| 2 | Sporto Centras Elektrėnai | 2010, 2011 |
| 1 | Viltis Elektrėnai | 2000 |
| 1 | Garsų Pasaulis Vilnius | 2002 |
| 1 | ESSM Energija Elektrėnai | 2012 |
| 1 | Kaunas Hockey | 2021 |
| 1 | Hockey Punks | 2022 |
| 1 | Kaunas City | 2023 |
# Lev Golitsyn

Prince Lev Sergeyevich Golitsyn (Russian: Лев Сергеевич Голицын; 24 August 1845 – 26 December 1915) was a Russian winemaker of the 1890s. He established the production of sparkling wines in Russia.

## Biography

Lev Sergeyevich was born into the aristocratic House of Golitsyn. After graduating from the University of Paris in 1862, between 1864 and 1867 he served as a clerical officer at the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. In 1872 he received a second degree, in law, from the Moscow State University, and from 1872 to 1874 studied in Germany. Later in the 1870s he participated in an archaeological expedition in Vladimir Directorate that discovered several Stone Age sites. In recognition for this work, in 1877 Golitsyn was elected as a corresponding member of the Moscow Archaeological Society [fr; ru; uk].
In 1878 Golitsyn bought a manor house near Sudak in Crimea. There he started cultivating grapes, eventually growing up to 600 varieties. His vineyards gradually spread across Crimea into the Caucasus. In the 1880s he established the production of sparkling wines using the classical French technology of direct fermentation in bottles. He also set up the mass production of table, liqueur, and dessert wines, such as white and pink nutmeg and port wines. In Crimea, Golitsyn became an avid collector of 17th–20th century wines, eventually accumulating around 50,000 bottles.
Golitsyn's winemaking career peaked in the 1890s, when he was a leading Russian winemaker. By 1912 his fortune declined, and he donated a large part of his lands and vineyards to Nicholas II of Russia aiming to preserve them as part of the Imperial estates.
# Sorkh Sara

Sorkh Sara (Persian: سرخ سرا, also Romanized as Sorkh Sarā; also known as Sorkh Sarāy) is a village in Dasht-e Taybad Rural District, Miyan Velayat District, Taybad County, Razavi Khorasan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 258, in 51 families.
# Chey Saen District

Chey Saen District (Khmer: ស្រុកជ័យសែន) is a district located in Preah Vihear Province, in northern Cambodia. According to the 1998 census of Cambodia, it had a population of 15,004. The population recorded by the 2008 census was 20,730.

## Administration

As of 2020, the district contains the following khums (communes).
| Code | Commune | Khmer |
| 130101 | S'ang | ឃុំស្អាង |
| 130102 | Tasu | ឃុំតស៊ូ |
| 130103 | Khyang | ឃុំខ្យង |
| 130104 | Chrach | ឃុំច្រាច់ |
| 130105 | Thmea | ឃុំធ្មា |
| 130106 | Putrea | ឃុំពុទ្រា |
# Cycnoches

Cycnoches, abbreviated as Cyc. in the horticultural trade, is a genus of 34 currently accepted species of orchids native to South America, Central America and southern Mexico. Also called "swan orchids", they are epiphytes found in lowland and pre-montane forests.

## List of species

Species accepted as of May 2014:
* Cycnoches aureum Lindl. & Paxton (1852) - Costa Rica, Honduras, Panama
* Cycnoches barthiorum G.F.Carr & Christenson (1999) - Colombia
* Cycnoches bennettii Dodson (1989) - Peru
* Cycnoches brachydactylon Schltr. (1924) - Colombia
* Cycnoches carrii Christenson (1999) - Peru
* Cycnoches chlorochilon Klotzsch (1838) - Panama, Colombia, Venezuela, Brazil, French Guiana
* Cycnoches christensonii D.E.Benn. (1998) - Peru
* Cycnoches cooperi Rolfe (1913) - Peru, Brazil
* Cycnoches densiflorum Rolfe (1909) - Colombia
* Cycnoches dianae Rchb.f. (1852) - Panama
* Cycnoches egertonianum Bateman (1842) - southern Mexico, Central America
* Cycnoches farnsworthianum D.E.Benn. & Christenson (2001) - Peru
* Cycnoches glanduliferum Rolfe (1892) - southern Mexico, Central America
* Cycnoches guttulatum Schltr. (1922) - Costa Rica, Nicaragua, Panama
* Cycnoches haagii Barb.Rodr. (1881) - from Colombia to French Guiana, south to Bolivia and Brazil
* Cycnoches herrenhusanum Jenny & G.A.Romero (1991) - Colombia, Ecuador
* Cycnoches jarae Dodson & D.E.Benn. (1989) - Peru
* Cycnoches lehmannii Rchb.f. (1878) - Ecuador, Peru
* Cycnoches loddigesii Lindl. (1832) - from Colombia to French Guiana, south to Brazil
* Cycnoches lusiae G.A.Romero & Garay (1999) - Venezuela
* Cycnoches maculatum Lindl. (1840) - Colombia, Venezuela
* Cycnoches manoelae P.Castro & Campacci (1993) - Brazil
* Cycnoches pachydactylon Schltr. (1922) - Nicaragua, Panama
* Cycnoches pentadactylon Lindl. (1843) - Peru, Brazil
* Cycnoches peruvianum Rolfe (1891) - Ecuador, Peru
* Cycnoches powellii Schltr. (1922) - Panama
* Cycnoches quatuorcristis D.E.Benn. (1992) - Peru
* Cycnoches rossianum Rolfe (1891) - Costa Rica
* Cycnoches schmidtianum Christenson & G.F.Carr (2001) - Peru
* Cycnoches stenodactylon Schltr. (1922) - Panama
* Cycnoches suarezii Dodson (1989) - Ecuador
* Cycnoches thurstoniorum Dodson (1989) - Colombia, Venezuela, Ecuador
* Cycnoches ventricosum Bateman (1838) - Mexico, Central America
* Cycnoches warszewiczii Rchb.f. (1852) - Costa Rica, Nicaragua, Panama
# Dromesnil

Dromesnil (French pronunciation:; Picard: Dromeni) is a commune in the Somme department in Hauts-de-France in northern France.

## Geography

Dromesnil is situated on the D157 road, some 16 miles (26 km) west of Amiens.
# Foldereid Church

Foldereid Church (Norwegian: Foldereid kirke) is a parish church of the Church of Norway in Nærøysund Municipality in Trøndelag county, Norway. It is located in the village of Foldereid. It is one of the churches for the Nærøy parish which is part of the Namdal prosti (deanery) in the Diocese of Nidaros. The white, wooden church was built in a long church style in 1863 using plans drawn up by the architect Christian Heinrich Grosch. The church seats about 280 people.

## History

The earliest existing historical records of the church date back to the year 1589, but it was not new that year. The first church here was built about 125 metres (410 ft) southwest of the present church site and it was likely a stave church that was built in the Middle Ages. Originally, the church was an annex church for the main Nærøy Church and the priest would visit Foldereid approximately once a month. In 1675, the old church was torn down and replaced with a new church on the same site. By the mid-1800s, the old wooden church was found to be too small for the parish, so a new, larger church was built about 125 metres (410 ft) to the northeast (closer to the road). After the new church was consecrated in 1864, the old church was torn down.
# Fouencamps

Fouencamps (French pronunciation:; Picard: Flencamp) is a commune in the Somme department in Hauts-de-France in northern France.

## Geography

Fouencamps is situated along the D90 road, some 7 miles (11 km) southeast of Amiens, between two small rivers that flow into the Somme.

## Places of interest

* The village church
* The war memorial
* The Mairie
* Chapel of Saint-Domice, on the road to Hailles
* Chapel of Saint-Ulphe, on the road to Cottenchy
# Central District (Khalilabad County)

The Central District of Khalilabad County (Persian: بخش مرکزی شهرستان خليل آباد) is in Razavi Khorasan province, Iran. Its capital is the city of Khalilabad.

## Demographics
### Population

At the time of the 2006 National Census, the district's population was 26,770 in 7,276 households. The following census in 2011 counted 30,159 people in 9,013 households. The 2016 census measured the population of the district as 31,786 inhabitants in 10,209 households.

### Administrative divisions

Central District (Khalilabad County) Population :
| Administrative Divisions | 2006 | 2011 | 2016 |
| Howmeh RD | 10,231 | 10,587 | 10,594 |
| Rostaq RD | 8,130 | 8,478 | 8,441 |
| Khalilabad (city) | 8,409 | 11,094 | 12,751 |
| Total | 26,770 | 30,159 | 31,786 |
| RD = Rural District ||||
# Flodday near Vatersay

Flodday (Scottish Gaelic: Flodaigh) is an uninhabited island, south west of Barra in the Western Islands of Scotland.

## Geography and geology

Flodday is one of the Barra Isles, lying one mile (1.5 kilometres) west of Sandray. It consists of three parts, with a natural rock arch between the larger two. Facing west there are black cliffs.

## Wildlife

The island has a small grey seal colony and is home to a subspecies of the dark green fritillary butterfly (Argynnis aglaja scotica).
# Rodniki, Bryansk Oblast

Rodniki (Russian: Родники) is a rural locality (a settlement) in Dyatkovsky District, Bryansk Oblast, Russia. The population was 15 as of 2010. There are 2 streets.

## Geography

Rodniki is located 9 km south of Dyatkovo (the district's administrative centre) by road. Slobodishche is the nearest rural locality.