OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Alfred Loewenguth

Alfred Loewenguth (15 June 1911 – 11 November 1983) was a 20th-century French classical violinist.

## Biography

Loewenguth began learning the violin at age 8 and had his first student at 12. At 16, he entered the Conservatoire de Paris and started his violin school at 17. At 19, he won the first prize at the Conservatoire de Paris and the first medals of chamber music and solfège. There, he was a pupil of André Tourret and Jean Roger-Ducasse for chamber music.
In 1929, he created the Loewenguth Quartet to which later also belonged his brother, cellist Roger Loewenguth. But the Loewenguth Quartet's "grand formation" was composed of Alfred Loewenguth (1st violin), Maurice Fueri (2nd violin), Roger Roche (viola) and Pierre Basseux (cello). This string quartet enjoyed an international reputation and recorded numerous discs from Johann Sebastian Bach to Darius Milhaud, with a preference for Joseph Haydn, Mozart, Beethoven and French music. He won a Grand Prix du disque for the quartets by Claude Debussy and Maurice Ravel (Deutsche Grammophon).
In 1959, he founded the "Orchestres de jeunes Alfred Loewenguth" (OJAL), and created the Sceaux Orangerie music festival in 1969.
He also founded and directed the 9th arrondissement of Paris conservatory, taught at the Stuttgart conservatory, the Schola Cantorum de Paris, and the International Academy of Nice.
Although he devoted most of his musical activity to pedagogy and chamber music, with his quartet or as a duo (for more than fifty years with pianist Françoise Doreau), he also had a career as a soloist. The film director Benoît Jacquot devoted a documentary "Enfance Musique" to him in 1979.
# Amalia von Mengden

Amalia Georgievna von Mengden (Russian: Амалия Георгиевна фон Менгден; 1799–1864), was a Russian entrepreneur. She was one of the first female money industrialists in Russia. She was married to General baron Mikhail von Mengden. She managed the Mengden tablecloth factory in Saint Nicholas in the Kostroma Governorate in 1830–1864.
# Rail Abdullin

Rail Raisovich Abdullin (Russian: Раиль Раисович Абдуллин; born 6 August 2000) is a Russian football player who plays for Rubin-2 Kazan.

## Club career

He made his debut in the Russian Premier League for Rubin Kazan on 9 December 2018 in a game against Zenit St. Petersburg, as a starter.
On 19 July 2019 he joined Neftekhimik Nizhnekamsk on loan.
# Jenna Lambert

Jenna Lambert (born February 15, 1991) is a Canadian long-distance swimmer. She became the first female with a physical disability to swim across Lake Ontario when she was fifteen. On 18 July 2006, she entered Lake Ontario in Baird Point, New York and swam 34 kilometres to Lake Ontario Park in Kingston, Ontario and completed her feat on 19 July in 32 hours and 18 minutes.

## Biography

Jenna lives in Harrowsmith, Ontario, with her parents Ron and Christine Lambert, and her sister Natalie Lambert, who also is a marathon swimmer, on a hobby farm.
The swim, which was predicted to take 24 hours, was extended when Jenna faced strong winds, and waves that pushed directly against her for the majority of the swim. She accomplished this feat despite not being able to use her legs due to cerebral palsy. She did it to raise money to build a new swimming pool for disabled persons in her native Kingston, Ontario.
Jenna Lambert also won Athlete of the year in 2007. In 2009, Jenna also completed a one-woman ultra-triathlon in an effort to raise further awareness for the Y Knot Abilities Programs. This was a 270 km journey which took her from Belleville to Ottawa in 48 hours and 17 mins. Divided into three parts, the adventure was 1 part swim (30 km) 1 part hand-cycle (230 km) and 1 part wheel in a manual wheelchair (10 km).
Jenna is now focusing on her competitive aspirations and is swimming as a part of Team Canada. Jenna attended Wilfrid Laurier University and she competed at the 2011 Parapan American Games in Guadalajara, Mexico where she finished in eighth position in 100m breaststroke, 100m freestyle and 100m backstroke.
# Maksim Nasadyuk

Maksim Aleksandrovich Nasadyuk (Russian: Максим Александрович Насадюк; born 11 February 1989) is a Russian former professional football player.

## Club career

He made his Russian Football National League debut for FC Luch-Energiya Vladivostok on 18 March 2015 in a game against FC Sibir Novosibirsk.
# La Regrippière

La Regrippière (French pronunciation:; Breton: Skouvlant) is a commune in the Loire-Atlantique department in western France.
# Peštalevo

Peštalevo (Macedonian: Пешталево, Albanian: Peshtalevë) is a village located in a lowland area in the municipality of Dolneni, North Macedonia.

## History and Demographics

The village traditionally contains a Torbeš population that speaks the Macedonian language, descended from three brothers (Abdul, Sinan and Suljo). The three siblings originated from one of the Muslim Slavic villages in the Debar region (now on the modern Albanian side of the border) arriving to Peštalevo in the second half of the 18th century. Torbeši's of Peštalevo are divided into many households split into three groups referred to by patronyms based on their ancestors (Abdulovci, Sinanovci and Suljovci). Between 1954 - 1960 large scale migration from Peštalevo by Torbeš to Turkey occurred, while Orthodox Macedonians from the Poreče region settled in the village. The village also contains residents originating from the village of Brailovo. Torbeš from Peštalevo refer to the surrounding Christian population as Makedonci (Macedonians) and those Orthodox Macedonians refer to them as Turci (Turks) due to they being Muslims. The village also has an ethnic Albanian population.
According to the 2021 census, the village had a total of 511 inhabitants. Ethnic groups in the village include:
* Macedonians 254
* Albanians 119
* Turks 93
* Serbs 1
* Bosniaks 30
* Others 14
| Year | Macedonian | Albanian | Turks | Romani | Vlachs | Serbs | Bosniaks | Others | Total |
| 2002 | 280 | 144 | 44 | ... | ... | 1 | 12 | 5 | 486 |
| 2021 | 254 | 119 | 93 | ... | ... | 1 | 30 | 14 | 511 |
# Ali Arab

Ali Arab (Persian: علي عرب) may refer to:
* Ali Arab, Isfahan
* Ali Arab, Khuzestan
# Mönkh-Erdene Enkhtaivan

Munkh-Erdene Enkhtaivan (Mongolian: Энхтайван овогтой Мөнх-Эрдэнэ; born 17 October 1995) is a Mongolian professional association footballer who plays as a goalkeeper for Mongolian Premier League club FC Ulaanbaatar, and the Mongolian national team. He made his first appearance for the Mongolia national football team in 2017.

## Club career

He started his career with Athletic 220. While playing for them he was named the best goal keeper in the 2017, 2018 and 2021 league best XIs , and has played in the AFC Cup for them in 2021, and was listed by AFC as their key player in that season's competition as they played in group J. He played in the 2022 edition as well, but Athletic 220 were defeated by Lee Man of Hong Kong and failed to make the group stage. After Athletic 220 withdrew from the Mongolian premier league, he signed for FC Ulaanbaatar in summer 2022 for an undisclosed fee.
# Vendôme Tower

Vendôme Tower (Maltese: Torri Vendôme, colloquially Torri tal-Vandomu) is a tour-reduit in Marsaxlokk, Malta. It was built by the Order of Saint John in 1715 as one of a series of fortifications around the coasts of the Maltese Islands. It is the only surviving tour-reduit in Malta. Today, Vendôme Tower houses the headquarters of Marsaxlokk F.C.
The tour-reduit is also known by several other names, including Vendôme Redoubt (Maltese: Ridott ta' Vendôme), Qrajten Redoubt or Craite Redoubt (Maltese: Ridott tal-Qrajten) and Fisheries Redoubt.

## History

Vendôme Tower was built between 1715 and 1716 as part of the Order of Saint John's first building program of coastal fortifications. It was one of four tour-reduits built in Malta, with the other three being Fresnoy Redoubt, Spinola Redoubt and Marsalforn Tower. However, the others were all demolished, leaving Vendôme Tower as the only one of its kind.
The tower was named after Philippe de Vendôme, the Grand Prior of France. He was the military advisor who advocated for the building of many batteries and redoubts in Malta. In fact, a number of other batteries and redoubts are also known by the name Vendôme Battery or Vendôme Redoubt.
The structure is essentially a tower-like blockhouse with a square plan. It has sloping walls topped by a parapet, and the walls are pierced with musketry loopholes. The structure was originally surrounded by a ditch, with a drawbridge leading to the main entrance. However, the ditch no longer exists. The interior of the tower consists of two rooms and a staircase leading to the roof. A chapel was also located in the tower.
The tower was intended to prevent enemy ships from landing at Marsaxlokk Bay. It was part of a chain of fortifications defending the bay, which also included the large Saint Lucian Tower, two smaller De Redin towers, seven coastal batteries, four redoubts and three entrenchments.

## Present day

Today, Vendôme Tower is used as the headquarters of Marsaxlokk F.C., and it is not open to the public. The southern and western walls are in need of restoration.
# Benjamin Smith (actor)

Benjamin Smith (born 27 December 1989) is an English actor.
Smith's most known famous role is Damien Trotter in Only Fools and Horses.
Among Smith's other early roles are Holby City, Goodnight Mister Tom and Second Sight. He played Luke in the 2006 Doctor Who episode "School Reunion" and Joey Frazier in BBC's Hustle. He played Jack in the BBC's Sherlock Holmes and the Baker Street Irregulars (2007).
In 2008, he played Tegs on EastEnders and Donny on Skins. He was also in the stage production of Dennis Kelly's DNA.
Smith also appeared in Teachers, The Bill and Help! I'm a Teenage Outlaw. He had a recurring guest role in the first series of the E4 series Misfits (2009). That year he also appeared in the film Nowhere Boy. In 2010 he was the main character in episode 2 of the Jimmy McGovern-penned BBC drama serial Accused, where he played Frankie, a young soldier who seeks revenge on an army corporal after his friend commits suicide due to the corporal's actions.
In the following few years, Smith had roles in Scott & Bailey, The Honourable Woman and Common, also written by Jimmy McGovern. In 2015 he appeared in the Channel 4 police comedy-drama No Offence. In 2019 he appeared as Lennox, a British journalist sympathetic to Irish republicanism, in Netflix/RTE's Irish war of Independence drama Resistance.
# The Tale of the Four Dervishes

The Tale of the Four Dervishes (Persian: قصۀ چهار درویش Qissa-ye Chahār Darvēsh, lit. 'The Story of Four Dervishes'), known as Bāgh-o Bahār (باغ و بہار, lit. 'Garden and Spring') in Urdu, is a collection of allegorical stories by Amir Khusro written in Persian in the early 13th century.
While legend says that Amir Khusro was the author, the tales were written long after his death. Legend has it that Amir Khusro's master and Sufi saint Nizamuddin Auliya had fallen ill. To cheer him up, Amir Khusro started telling him a series of stories in the style of the One Thousand and One Nights.

## Style

The book is in some ways similar to the Thousand and One Nights in its method of framing and linking unfinished stories within each other. The central character is a king, Azad Bakht, who falls into depression after thinking about his own mortality, and so sets out from his palace seeking wise men. He comes upon four dervishes in a cemetery, and listens to their fantastical stories. Each Dervish narrates his own story, which is basically on love and fidelity in their own past lives. When the fourth dervish finishes his tale, the king Azadbakht suddenly learns that one of his wives has just born the son to him. Overwhelmed with joy, the king orders to arrange a great feast. With the help of the great king of jinns, Malik Syahpal, Azadbakht marries all the separated lovers to one another: the merchant's son from Yemen to the princess of Damsyik, the prince of Fars to the princess of Basra, the prince of Ajam to the princess of Farang, the prince of Nimroz to the princess of jinns, and the prince of China to the daughter of the courtier, who was kidnapped by Malik Sadik. Everyone happily achieves the fulfillment of his or her desire.

## Translations

These stories were originally written in Persian by Amir Khusro as Qissa-ye Chahār Darvēsh. It was initially translated by Mir Husain Ata Tehseen into Urdu as Nav Tarz-e-Murassaa (نو طرزِ مُرصّع, "New Ornate Style") but the language was a highly literate one and was not understood by general public to enjoy. In 1801, College of Fort William in Calcutta started a project translating Indian literature. Mr. John Borthwick Gilchrist, a famous scholar of literature, asked Mir Amman, an employee of the college, to translate it into the Urdu language. Mir Amman translated it from Persian into everyday Urdu, under the title Bāgh o Bahār. Later, in 1857, Duncan Forbes retranslated it into English. The translation of Mir Amman is still enjoyed as a classical work of Urdu Literature for the common daily language of its time.

## Adaptations

The Indian films Char Darvesh (1933) by Prafulla Ghosh and Char Dervesh (1964) by Homi Wadia were based on the stories.
# Nookat

Nookat (Kyrgyz: Ноокат), also Eski-Nookat, Iski-Naukat or Naukat, is a city in Osh Region of Kyrgyzstan. It is the seat of Nookat District. Its population was 18,228 in 2021.
The main street, Soltobaev, forms part of the main Osh-Batken highway and is consequently very dusty and busy, lined by willow, poplar and plane trees.
Nookat came to signify the repression during the Kurmanbek Bakiyev regime as villagers were imprisoned, tortured and sentenced to lengthy prison terms following civil unrest in the fall of 2008. Following the revolt in April 2010, the villagers, of the Uzbek minority, were released.
# 1989 in Czechoslovakia

Events from the year 1989 in Czechoslovakia. The year was marked by the Velvet Revolution, which started with student demonstrations on 17 November. It ended with the resignation of the President and Prime Minister, the end of the dominance of the Communist Party and the election of the Václav Havel, the first President of free Czechoslovakia.

## Incumbents

* President:
** Gustáv Husák (until 10 December).
** Václav Havel (from 29 December).
* Prime Minister:
** Ladislav Adamec (until 7 December).
** Marián Čalfa (from 7 December).

## Events

* 16 January – At a large demonstration to mark 20 years since the suicide of Jan Palach, future president Václav Havel is arrested.
* 1 May – A demonstration against human rights violations during the International Workers' Day celebrations is dispersed by police.
* 7 August – The 1989 Czechoslovak Open starts, running until 13 August.
* 17 November – The Velvet Revolution commences. 140 people are injured when riot police attack a student demonstration.
* 19 November – Civic Forum is formed by opposition groups to the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia.
* 28 November – Civic Forum is recognised as a legal organisation.
* 4 December – The members of the Warsaw Pact, except Romania, condemn the 1968 invasion of Czechoslovakia.
* 10 December – President Gustáv Husák swears in a new cabinet, the first without a majority from the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia since the 1948 coup d'état, and then immediately resigns.
* 14 December – New foreign minister Jiri Dienstbier declares that the agreement for Soviet troops to be stationed in Czechoslovakia is invalid.
* 28 December – Alexander Dubcek is elected chairman of the Federal Assembly.
* 29 December – Václav Havel unanimously wins the presidential election to become the first President of free Czechoslovakia.

## Popular culture
### Film

* Tainted Horseplay, originally titled A Hoof Here, a Hoof There (Czech: Kopytem sem, kopytem tam), directed by Věra Chytilová, is released.
* I Love, You Love (Slovak: Ja milujem, ty miluješ) directed by Dušan Hanák, is released. Hanák won the Silver Bear for Best Director at the 39th Berlin International Film Festival for the film.

### Music

* The Pražák Quartet tours of the United States between 19 January and 19 March.
* Jiří Bělohlávek leaves his role as principal conductor of the Prague Symphony Orchestra.

## Births

* 9 November – Jiří Kopal, municipal politician known for his work for veterans.

## Deaths

* 2 February – Ondrej Nepela, winner of the singles gold medal in figure skating at the 1972 Winter Olympics (born 1959).
* 21 March – Jarmila Jeřábková, dancer, choreographer and teacher (born 1912).
* 21 December – Ján Cikker, composer (born 1911).
# Saúl Mendoza (fencer)

Saúl Mendoza (born 31 December 1964) is a Bolivian fencer. He competed in the individual foil and épée events at the 1984 Summer Olympics.
# Baryatino

Baryatino (Russian: Барятино) is the name of several rural localities in Russia:
* Baryatino, Baryatinsky District, Kaluga Oblast, a selo in Baryatinsky District, Kaluga Oblast
* Baryatino, Dzerzhinsky District, Kaluga Oblast, a selo in Dzerzhinsky District, Kaluga Oblast
* Baryatino, Meshchovsky District, Kaluga Oblast, a village in Meshchovsky District, Kaluga Oblast
* Baryatino, Tarussky District, Kaluga Oblast, a selo in Tarussky District, Kaluga Oblast
* Baryatino, Dankovsky District, Lipetsk Oblast, a selo in Baryatinsky Selsoviet of Dankovsky District of Lipetsk Oblast
* Baryatino, Lev-Tolstovsky District, Lipetsk Oblast, a selo in Znamensky Selsoviet of Lev-Tolstovsky District of Lipetsk Oblast
* Baryatino, Nizhny Novgorod Oblast, a selo in Yazykovsky Selsoviet of Pilninsky District of Nizhny Novgorod Oblast
# Töölös

Töölös (Kyrgyz: Төөлөс) is a village in Jalal-Abad Region of Kyrgyzstan. It is part of the Suzak District. Its population was 1,070 in 2021.
# Nikolay Pogrebov

Nikolay Pogrebov, (Russian: Николай Фёдорович Погребов; 17 November [O.S. 5 November] 1860 – 10 January 1942) was a Russian and Soviet hydrogeologist and an engineering geologist. In 1884–1887, he studied in and was graduated from the Saint Petersburg Mining Institute. In 1897–1919 he worked as the librarian and archivist of the Saint Petersburg Geology Committee. He was a professor at Leningrad Mining Institute from 1931 to 1936.
In 1902, he studied the Baltic Oil Shale Basin. In 1916, the Geology Committee asked Pogrebov to search information about oil shale in Estonia. In April 1916, the Petrograd Main Committee for Fuels sent him to Estonia to study oil shale. From July to November 1916, the geological survey of the resource was performed under his guidance. He oversaw the construction of the first experimental oil shale open-pit in Estonia. In 1916–1923, he published a series papers on this subject.
In 1921, during the Tagantsev conspiracy trial he was sentenced for two years custody in the forced labour camp. He was released in 1922.
In 1930 he organized the Crimea Landslide Monitoring Station. He was Chairman of the 1st all-Union Congress of Hydrogeologists in 1931 and the 1st all-Union Meeting of Landslide in 1934. In 1940, he was given the honorary title of Honored Scientist of the RSFSR.
# Mashti Mamdali's Car

Mashti Mamdali's Car (Persian: ماشین مشتی ممدلی, Māšīn-e Maštī Mamdalī) is a 1974 Iranian Persian-language action-comedy film directed by Reza Fazeli and starring Reza Fazeli, Parvin Malakouti, Mansour Sepehrnia, Nooshafarin, Shahrashoob, Kamal Motiei, Mastaneh Jazayeri, Nematollah Gorji, and Ali Zahedi.
# Thomas Penn (historian)

Thomas Penn (born 1974) is an English historian, author and editor. He is best known for his 2011 biography of King Henry VII of England, Winter King: The Dawn of Tudor England, for which he won the HW Fisher Best First Biography prize and which was the subject of a 2013 BBC documentary that he presented.
He is also the author of The Brothers York: An English Tragedy, published in October 2019.

## Biography

Penn earned his Ph.D. in medieval history from Clare College, Cambridge. In addition to his writing, he is the editorial director of Penguin Press UK.
He played for the Authors XI amateur cricket team, which is composed of British writers, during its first two seasons and he contributed a chapter to the team's book about their first season playing together, The Authors XI: A Season of English Cricket from Hackney to Hambledon (Bloomsbury, 2013).

## Career

Penn's first book, Winter King: The Dawn of Tudor England, was published by Penguin Books in 2011 and is an account of the life of King Henry VII of England. Historian Helen Castor reviewed it for The Telegraph, writing: "In broad outline, this is not a new story – but, in Penn's hands, it is a revelation...Penn has pulled off a rare feat: a brilliant and haunting evocation of the Tudor world, with irresistible echoes of the age of fear in which we now live". Reviewing it for The Guardian, Blair Worden wrote: "If Penn's interpretation can sometimes seem slanted, its exposition would be hard to over-praise. The expressive and evocative power of his writing, and the union of scholarship with artistry, are rare in modern historical writing". Penn was awarded the HW Fisher Best First Biography prize by the Biographers' Club in 2012 for Winter King.
In 2013, Penn presented an hour-long television documentary based on his book on BBC Two. It was titled Henry VII: Winter King.
The Brothers York: An English Tragedy, is about Edward IV and his two younger brothers, the Duke of Clarence and Richard III. It was published by Penguin Books in October 2019.
Penn wrote a book about King Edward V as part of the Penguin Monarchs series, titled Edward V: The May King. It is said to have been published in April 2019. However, no copies appear to be available, new or second hand, in 2023, and it is not listed by the publisher.
Penn has also written book reviews for the newspaper The Guardian and the journal London Review of Books.

## Books

* Winter King: The Dawn of Tudor England (Simon & Schuster, 2010), ISBN 978-1439191569
* Edward V: The May King (Penguin Monarchs, 2019), ISBN 978-0241185346
* The Brothers York: An English Tragedy (Simon & Schuster, 2019), ISBN 978-1846146909
# Vietnam Staff Service Medal

The Republic of Vietnam Staff Service Medal (Vietnamese: Tham-Mưu Bội-Tinh) was a military award of South Vietnam established in 1964. The medal was awarded in two classes and was awarded for outstanding initiative and devotion an individuals assigned staff duty.

## Criteria

To be awarded the Staff Service Medal, a service member must have performed military duty, while serving on a military staff, of the Republic of Vietnam. Recipients must have shown, "...outstanding initiative and devotion to their assigned staff duty". The Staff Service Medal was presented in two classes for such service with the first class for officers and the second class for non-commissioned officers and enlisted personnel. The two different grades were annotated by border coloring on the medal’s ribbon, the first class being green and the second class blue.
# 1959 Asian Baseball Championship

The 1959 Asian Baseball Championship was the third continental tournament held by the Baseball Federation of Asia. The tournament was held in Tokyo, Japan for the first time. It was the second time Japan had won the tournament, and was the second of what would be three consecutive Asian Championship wins in a row. South Korea (2nd), Taiwan (3rd) and Philippines (4th) were the other participants.