OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Alp-Tegin

Alp-Tegin, (Persian: الپتگین Alptegīn or Alptigīn) or Alptekin, was a Turkic slave commander of the Samanid Empire, who would later become the semi-independent governor of Ghazna from 962 until his death in 963.
Before becoming governor of Ghazni, Alp-Tegin was the commander-in-chief (sipahsalar) of the Samanid army in Khorasan. In a political fallout over succession of the Samanids he crossed the Hindu Kush mountains southward and captured Ghazna, located strategically between Kabul and Kandahar in present-day Afghanistan, and thereby establishing his own principality, which, however, was still under Samanid authority. He was succeeded by his son, Abu Ishaq Ibrahim.

## Biography
### Origin

Alp-Tegin was originally part of the nomadic Turks that roamed the Central Asian steppes, but was later captured and brought via the Samanid slave trade as a slave to the Samanid capital of Bukhara, where he was raised in the Samanid court. Despite being of Turkic stock and allegedly in speech, Alp-Tegin was highly Persianized.

### Service under Nuh I and Abd al-Malik I

During the reign of Nuh I (r. 943–954), Alp-Tegin was appointed as the head of the royal guard (hajib al-hujjab). During the reign of Nuh's son and successor Abd al-Malik I (r. 954–961), Alp-Tegin was appointed as the governor of Balkh, and by 961 he was the commander-in-chief (sipahsalar) of the Samanid army in Khorasan, thus succeeding Abu Mansur Muhammad. On 10 February 961, Alp-Tegin arrived to Nishapur with his vizier Abu Abdallah Muhammad ibn al-Shibli. Alp-Tegin also played a major role in the appointment of Muhammad Bal'ami as vizier, whom he became close allies with.
Abd al-Malik I died a few months later (November). Alp-Tegin and Bal'ami sought to use his death as an opportunity to make the deceased ruler's young son Nasr the new ruler, in order to rule on his behalf.
However, several powerful figures of the Samanid state, such as Fa'iq Khassa, favored Abd al-Malik's brother Mansur I, and managed to make him the new ruler. Bal'ami then quickly went over to Fa'iq's side, leaving Alp-Tegin isolated. Mansur I upon his accession had Alp-Tegin dismissed from the governorship of Khorasan.

### Flight and recognition as governor of Ghazna

Alp-Tegin then took his personal guard of Turkic slave-soldiers and group of Iranian ghazis to Balkh, where he in April 962 defeated an army sent by Mansur I. He then left for Ghazna, a small town in Zabulistan ruled by the local Lawik dynasty, defeating the forces of the local rulers of Bamiyan and Kabul along the way. He seized Ghazna from Abu Bakr Lawik, a kinsman of the Kabulshah, and secured his position by receiving an investiture from the Samanids as the governor of Ghazna.
Alp-Tegin died a few months later (September 963) and was succeeded by his son Abu Ishaq Ibrahim. Sabuktigin, a slave who was bought by Alp-Tegin and had accompanied him to Ghazna, was appointed as the ruler of Ghazna by the Turks of the town in 977, marking the start of the Ghaznavid dynasty, which would go on to conquer all of Transoxiana and Khurasan.
# Maryinskoye, Semyonkovskoye Rural Settlement, Vologodsky District, Vologda Oblast

Maryinskoye (Russian: Марьинское) is a rural locality (a village) in Semyonkovskoye Rural Settlement, Vologodsky District, Vologda Oblast, Russia. The population was 59 as of 2002.

## Geography

The distance to Vologda is 12 km, to Semyonkovo is 4 km. Podberevskoye is the nearest rural locality.
# David Panka

David Jonathan Panka (born 3 October 1999) is a Dutch professional footballer who plays as a winger.

## Career

Following the disbandment of the RKC Waalwijk youth team, Panka joined Polish I liga side Miedź Legnica in July 2020. After his contract was terminated at the end of 2020, Panka later moved to USL Championship side Sporting Kansas City II on 19 February 2021. However, his contract was mutually terminated on 6 May 2021.

## Personal

Panka holds both Dutch and Polish citizenship.
# John Lawes (disambiguation)

John Bennet Lawes (1814–1900) was an English businessman and scientist.
John Lawes may also refer to:
* Sir John Lawes School, a secondary school in Harpenden, United Kingdom
* John Lawes (company director) (1907–1978), Australian chairman of QBE Insurance
# Fabio Vázquez

Fabio Francisco Vázquez (born 19 February 1994) is an Argentinian professional football player who currently plays for Patronato as a midfielder.

## Career

He joined Argentinos Juniors in July 2011 and made his team debut during the 2011/12 season.
# Letters from a Father to His Daughter

Letters from a Father to His Daughter is a collection of letters written by Jawaharlal Nehru to his daughter Indira Nehru, originally published in 1929 by Allahabad Law Journal Press at Nehru's request and consisting of only the 30 letters sent in the summer of 1928 when Indira was 10 years old. He arranged a second edition in 1931 and subsequently, further reprints and editions have been published.
The letters were educational pieces on the subjects of natural and human history. At the time of the letters' writing, Nehru was in Allahabad, while Indira was in Mussoorie. While original letters written by Nehru were in English, they were translated into Hindi by the Hindi novelist Munshi Premchand under the name Pita Ke Patra Putri Ke Naam. In 2014, a Spanish translation with the title "Cartas a mi hija Indira" (Letters to my daughter Indira), was released by Rodolfo Zamora. Five additional letters were published in that edition. An amplified new edition was released in 2018 in Cuba, honoring the 100th anniversary of the correspondence between Jawaharlal Nehru and Indira Gandhi.
Son's letter to father: A story of a family's responsibilities and relationships
# Amiran Revishvili

Amiran Shota Revishvili (Russian: Амиран Шотаевич Ревишвили, Georgian: ამირან რევიშვილი), born February 11, 1956, is a cardiac electrophysiologist, and Director, A.V. Vishnevsky Institute of Surgery in Moscow. He is president of the Russian Scientific Society of Clinical Electrophysiology, Arrhythmology and Cardiac Pacing, which is the Russian organizational member of the European Heart Rhythm Society network.

## Key positions and honours

* Pan-Russian Scientific Society of Clinical Electrophysiology, Arrhythmology and Cardiac Pacing, founding president
* Center of Surgical and Interventional Arrhythmology, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, executive director
* Department of Tachiarrhytmias, Bakulev Scientific Center of Cardiovascular Surgery, chief
* Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, member, 2011
* Russian Academy of Sciences, member, 2013
* State Prize of the Russian Federation, 2016
* American Association for Thoracic Surgery, member, 2017
# Malaya Gorka, Vologodsky District, Vologda Oblast

Malaya Gorka (Russian: Малая Горка) is a rural locality (a village) in Novlenskoye Rural Settlement, Vologodsky District, Vologda Oblast, Russia. The population was 5 as of 2002.

## Geography

Malaya Gorka is located 77 km northwest of Vologda (the district's administrative centre) by road. Zrelovo is the nearest rural locality.
# Antonio de Castro y Casaléiz

Antonio de Castro y Casaleiz (Havana, 1856 - Vienna, 1918) was a Spanish politician and diplomat who served, in 1898, as Consul-General of Spain in Cairo. He also acted briefly as Spanish Foreign Minister in 1903 and 1905.
In 1905 he was appointed Spanish ambassador to Italy, a post he held for only a few months before returning to political activity. On 20 March 1914, he presented his credentials in Vienna as Spanish representative to the Austro-Hungarian court. His work was hampered by the course of the First World War, and he died in the Austrian capital on 3 October 1918 of the Spanish flu.
# Mahila Maha Vidyalaya

Mahila Maha Vidyalaya (MMV), also known as Women's College, Banaras Hindu University, is a women's college in the Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India which offers undergraduate, postgraduate and doctoral courses in various subjects to women. It was founded in 1929 by Mahamana Pandit Madan Mohan Malaviya.

## Notable alumni

* Sumitra Kulkarni, Indian politician
# Ilya Yeryomenko

Ilya Vladimirovich Yeryomenko (Russian: Илья Владимирович Ерёменко; born 24 November 1998) is a Russian football player.

## Club career

He made his debut in the Russian Football National League for FC Irtysh Omsk on 1 August 2020 in a game against FC Yenisey Krasnoyarsk, as a starter.
# Kandu, Iran

Kandu (Persian: كندو) may refer to:
* Kandu, Hamadan
* Kandu, Qazvin
# Diamela del Pozo

Diamela del Pozo Pérez (born 2 October 1976), known simply as Diamela, is a Cuban singer living in Spain. She has worked in genres such as rumba, son, bolero, and salsa.

## Biography

Diamela del Pozo, the daughter of a humble family, began to show her inclination for singing and music at an early age. In 1991 she debuted in a local orchestra, thus beginning her professional career. From then until she left Cuba in 2004, she joined several of the island's musical groups.
In 1995, she became a member of the newly founded female orchestra Son Damas in Havana, with whom she performed in several European countries, Latin America, the Caribbean, and Japan. She achieved her first recording with the group in 1996, and later in 1999 her second and most recent album after separating from it in the mid-2000s.
In 1998, together with other figures of Cuban music such as Michel Maza, Felix Baloy, Tony Calá, Pedrito Calvo, Tiburón Morales, and Mario "Mayito" Rivera, Diamela recorded a song for the album Sonero Soy, performed in homage to Cuban composer and musician Adalberto Álvarez.
In 1999, she participated in the recording of the album Cuba Humanidad, a tribute by various artists to the late Cuban popular singer Carlos Embale [es], performing a song by the composer and musician Gonzalo Asencio, accompanied by the folkloric group Los Muñequitos de Matanzas.
# Private Domain

Private Domain is an American pop/rock band. The band originated in San Diego, USA in 1985 (see 1985 in music). The band's members are songwriter Paul Shaffer (vocals; not to be confused with Paul Shaffer of the Late Show with David Letterman), songwriter Jack Butler (guitar), Jim Reeves (bass) and Matt Taylor (drums). Shaffer and Butler previously played together in the pop rock/reggae rock band Bratz, which released two albums, Bratz in 1980 and Absolute perfection in 1983.
Pato Banton was hired to rap on a Private Domain song written by Butler/Shaffer called "Absolute Perfection" also found on his 1987 album "Never Give In".

## Lineup

* Paul Shaffer – vocals
* Jack Butler – guitar
* Jim Reeves – bass
* Matt Taylor – drums

## Discography
### Studio albums

* 1988 Private Domain
* 1994 Total Sanctuary
* 1998 Big Time Love
* 2002 Private Domain Unplugged
* 2007 Great Leaders

### Soundtracks

* 1985 Back To The Beach
* 1985 Once Bitten
# Parigné

Parigné (French pronunciation:; Breton: Parinieg; Gallo: Paraenyaè, Parinyaè) is a commune in the Ille-et-Vilaine department of Brittany in northwestern France.

## Population

Inhabitants of Parigné are called in French parignéens.
# Dick Williams (executive)

Richard Williams (born ca. 1971) is an American former professional baseball executive and the former president of baseball operations of the Cincinnati Reds of Major League Baseball. Before his promotion, announced on December 27, 2016, he was the Reds' senior vice president and general manager.
Williams is a graduate of the University of Virginia. He was an Echols Scholar at UVA, giving him priority to sign up for any class. He worked as an investment banker and from 2003–04 for the George W. Bush presidential re-election campaign. He joined the Reds in 2006, upon their purchase by a group led by majority owner Robert Castellini, as director of baseball business operations. He later became vice president of baseball operations and then was named vp/assistant GM in November 2014. Twelve months later, he was promoted to general manager, working under Walt Jocketty, then president of baseball operations. Jocketty became an advisor to Castellini with Williams' December 2016 appointment.
The Williams family's official connection with the Reds dates back 50 years. Dick Williams' grandfather, William J. Sr., and great-uncle James were key members of a 13-party ownership group headed by Francis L. Dale, publisher of The Cincinnati Enquirer, that acquired the team from Bill DeWitt Sr. in December 1966. The Williams brothers initially held 15 percent of the club's stock. Under this basic ownership group, and led by general manager Bob Howsam, the Reds became a baseball dynasty during the early 1970s as "The Big Red Machine." William and James Williams served as the majority owners of the Reds from 1980–84; they sold controlling interest in the franchise to Marge Schott in December 1984. Dick Williams' father, Joe, and an uncle, Thomas, are minority shareholders in Castellini's ownership group. Joe Williams is the club's incumbent board chairman and Tom is vice-chairman and treasurer.
On October 7, 2020, Dick Williams stepped down from his position with the Reds after five seasons as president of baseball operations.
# Reshmeh

Reshmeh (Persian: رشمه, also Romanized as Rashmeh and Rishmeh) is a village in Howmeh Rural District, in the Central District of Garmsar County, Semnan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 189, in 57 families. Rashmeh is surrounded to Kardevan from north, Saadabd and Mahmood abad Osanloo from south, Mahmood Abad Nayeb Ebrahim from west and Salman from east. Three main families living in Rashmeh are Rashmei, Yourdkhani and Mirakhori. Their profession is mostly farming. Yellow melon, cotton, wheat and barley are the products of farmers. Recently, young generation has migrated to Garmsar and Tehran and few families are living in Rashmeh.
# IRIS Zoubin (P222)

Zoubin (Persian: زوبین, lit. 'Javelin') is a Kaman-class fast attack craft in the Southern Fleet of the Islamic Republic of Iran Navy.

## Construction and commissioning

Zoubin was built by French Constructions Mécaniques de Normandie at Cherbourg, as one of the first six contracted on 19 February 1974. Her keel was laid down on 4 April 1975 and on 14 April 1976, she was launched. Falakhon was commissioned into the fleet on 12 September 1977.

## Service history

During Iran-Iraq War, her home port was Kharg Naval Base. She was one of the three vessels in her class, along with Paykan and Joshan that participated in Operation Morvarid against Iraqi Osa-class missile boats.
# 2786 km

2786 km (Russian: 2786 км) is a rural locality (a railway station) in Kulikovskoye Rural Settlement of Kalachinsky District, Russia. The population was 14 as of 2010.

## Geography

The village is located 1 km west-south-west from Kalachinsk.

## Streets

* Orlovskaya
# Ahad Pazaj

Ahad Pazaj (Persian: احد پازاج; born June 22, 1970, in Ardabil, Iran) was an Iranian Greco-Roman wrestler, and coach of Iranian Greco-Roman wrestling team.
# Betsy Riot

The Betsy Riot is a radical left group that describes itself as a "decentralized neo-suffragette, punk-patriot resistance movement." They are pro-gun control. The group began in August 2016, primarily with an anti-gun industry focus, but during the Trump administration the group focused protests on administration policy. The group uses profanity, satire and a radical feminist posture in its messaging, with tactics that include graffiti, theatrical protests, pranks, and coordinated messaging actions, such as mailings, banners, and flyers. The group has also encouraged vandalism to further their agenda.
As part of an ongoing demonstration against gun rights advocates, Betsy Riot purchased johnlott.com (John Lott) and waynelapierre.com (Wayne LaPierre) and runs them as parody sites.
# Porta coeli Convent

Porta coeli (Czech: Cisterciácké opatství Porta coeli, Latin: Heaven's Gate) is a 13th-century convent located in Předklášteří, near Tišnov, South Moravian Region, Czech Republic. Situated in the valley of the Svratka River, this Cistercian convent was founded in 1233 by Queen Constance of Hungary. Descended on the maternal side from the house of Anjou, and the widow of King Ottokar I of Bohemia, Queen Constance was also buried at Porta coeli.
The church was consecrated in 1239 by Bernhard, then-Bishop of Prague, with the approval and presence of Robert the Englishman, then-Bishop of Olomouc. It has three aisles, a transept and a rather long sanctuary ending in a five-sided apse. Despite the austerity of the Cistercian rules, the western façade has a portal reminiscent of French cathedrals. It is unique in the area of Europe east of Rhine.
The interior contains valuable Baroque furnishings from after 1764: on the high altar there is a painting by F. A. Maulbertsch, a sculpture by Andreas Schweigl, and other paintings by the Jesuit artist Ignác Raab. The cloister walk is noteworthy for its early Gothic vaulting, its figurative and decorative carvings, and the chapter house which was built between 1260 and 1270.
There is a brewery situated on the premises of the monastery, opened in 2019 as "Vorkloster", the German name for the village where the monastery is located (Předklášteří).

## Attractions

The convent was saved twice (in 1861 and 1990) from destruction by the efforts of Europe's smallest nation, the Lusatian Sorbs, specifically by the convent of the Marienstern Monastery in Panschwitz-Kuckau.
The asteroid 3276 Porta Coeli is named after this convent.

## Gallery

* Portal of the church with neo-gothic chapel
* Tympanum - probably the King Otakar I. and Constance of Hungary kneeling at the feet of Jesus
* The Cloister
* Exhibition showing history of the monastery
* The detail of the Postal with Apostels
* View from the east
# Linkovo

Linkovo (Russian: Линьково) is a rural locality (a village) in Novlenskoye Rural Settlement, Vologodsky District, Vologda Oblast, Russia. The population was 14 as of 2002.

## Geography

Linkovo is located 84 km northwest of Vologda (the district's administrative centre) by road. Katalovskoye is the nearest rural locality.
# Lydia Durnovo

Lydia Aleksandrovna Durnovo (Russian: Лидия Александровна Дурново; 1885 – 1963) was a Soviet art historian and art restorer. She specialized in medieval art, especially in early Russian painting and Armenian illuminated manuscripts (miniatures) and frescoes.
Born in the Russian city of Smolensk, Durnovo first attended a local gymnasium and a painting school before moving to Saint Petersburg where she attended the School of Technical Drawing of Baron Alexander von Stieglitz beginning in 1903. She subsequently completed her postgraduate studies at the State Institute of Art History (Государственный институт истории искусств) and the Archaeology Institute (ru) between 1920 and 1923. Durnovo worked as a research fellow at the Archaeology Institute, specializing in early Russian art. She was also the assistant curator of the Russian Museum.
In October 1933 she was arrested for allegedly being an "active member of a counterrevolutionary fascist organization." She was deported to Siberia and eventually freed three years later, in November 1936. Durnovo moved to the Armenian capital of Yerevan and became a member of the staff of the National Gallery of Armenia. Until 1951 she was devoted to the study of medieval Armenian frescoes and illuminated manuscripts. She specialized in medieval Armenian art, and by the mid-1950s Durnovo earned the reputation of an authoritative expert in the field. She supervised the restoration of the Etchmiadzin Cathedral's frescoes. She was rehabilitated by the Soviet government in 1956.

## Publications

* Собрание копий памятников древнерусской монументальной живописи Государственного института истории искусств. Л., 1925.
* Техника древнерусской живописи. Русский музей. Художественный отдел. Материалы по технике и методам реставрации древнерусской живописи. Л., 1926.
* Техника древнерусской фрески. Секция пространственных мастеров и научно-показательная часть. Техника стенописи. Гос. академия художественных наук. М., 1927.
* Икона Спаса Нерукотворного (№ 3045. Гос. русский музей). Сб. «Материалы по русскому искусству», т. I. Л., 1928.
* Древнеармянская миниатюра [Old Armenian miniature] (in Russian). Yerevan: Armenian SSR State Publishing. 1952.
** Miniatures arméniennes (in French). Paris: Les Éditions Cercle d'art. 1960. OCLC 419609788.
** Armenian miniatures. New York: H.N. Abrams. 1961. OCLC 741860570.
* Краткая история древнеармянской живописи [Brief History of Ancient Armenian Painting] (in Russian). Yerevan: Armenian SSR State Publishing. 1957.
# Emanuel Piaskowy

Emanuel Piaskowy (born 2 March 1991) is a Polish former racing cyclist, who rode professionally between 2014 and 2020, for the ActiveJet, Cycling Academy and Mazowsze Serce Polski teams.

## Major results
### 2013

    10th Overall Tour of Małopolska
       1st Young rider classification

### 2014

    3rd Road race, World University Cycling Championship

### 2015

    4th Korona Kocich Gór
    5th GP Polski, Visegrad 4 Bicycle Race
    7th Overall Tour of Małopolska
    7th Memorial Grundmanna I Wizowskiego

### 2016

    2nd Hets Hatsafon

### 2017

    3rd Road race, National Road Championships
    3rd Overall Szlakiem Grodów Piastowskich
    4th Korona Kocich Gór
    8th Overall Bałtyk–Karkonosze Tour
       1st Mountains classification
    10th Overall Tour of Małopolska

### 2019

    5th Overall Tour of Małopolska

### 2020

    3rd Overall Tour de Serbie
       1st Stage 2
    4th Overall Belgrade–Banja Luka
# Siamak Dadashi

Siamak Dadashi (Persian: سیامک داداشی; born 13 July 1974) is an Iranian professional futsal coach and former player. He is currently assistant coach of Iran.

## Honours
### Country

* AFC Futsal Championship
** Champion (5): 2000 - 2001 - 2002 - 2003 - 2004
# Yekaterina Rudenko

Yekaterina Olegovna Rudenko (Kazakh: Екатерина Олеговна Руденко; born October 16, 1994) is a Kazakh swimmer, who specialized in backstroke events. She represented her nation Kazakhstan in two editions of the Olympic Games (2008 and 2012), finished fifth in the girls' 50 m backstroke at the 2010 Summer Youth Olympics in Singapore, and later captured two silver medals in the 50 and 100 m backstroke at the 2014 Asian Games in Incheon.
Rudenko became the youngest ever swimmer (aged 13) to compete for the Kazakh team at the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing, swimming in the 100 m backstroke. She cruised to the top of the field with a 1:03.84 to invincibly slide under the FINA B-cut (1:03.86) by two hundredths of a second (0.02) at the Kazakhstan Open Championships three months earlier in Almaty. Inexperienced to the Olympic scene, Rudenko rounded out the field to last place and forty-fifth overall in heat two with a 1:04.85.
At the 2012 Summer Olympics, Rudenko competed for the second time in the women's 100 m backstroke, by downing her FINA B-cut to 1:02.60 at the Kazakhstan Open. Rudenko touched behind the leader Tao Li of Singapore on the initial length in heat two, before fading down the stretch to save the seventh spot in 1:03.64, missing the semifinals with a much improved, thirty-eighth overall placement in the prelims.
Two years later, at the 2014 Asian Games in Incheon, Rudenko upgraded her standards with a striking silver medal double in the women's 50 and 100 m backstroke, blistering a lifetime best of 28.04 (50 m backstroke) and 1:00.61 (100 m backstroke), respectively.
Rudenko is currently training for the Drury Panthers women's swimming and diving team under head coach Brian Reynolds, while taking up undergraduate studies at Drury University in Springfield, Missouri.