OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Christina Gerarda Enschedé

Christina Gerarda Enschedé (10 December 1791 – 6 March 1873) was a Dutch painter.

## Biography

She was born in Haarlem as the fifth of nine children and the third daughter of Johannes Enschedé Jr. and Johanna Elisabeth Swaving. After her father's early death in 1799 she became a partner in the family business, but did not take an active part in the daily proceedings. She and her sister Sandrina took drawing lessons and were active in the theater societies of their mother. The Teylers Museum has watercolor paintings by both women. She made paintings of flowers and fruit in the manner of Vincent Jansz van der Vinne and gave one to Jan van Walré in 1829 who wrote a poem about it.
According to the RKD she is known for fruit and flower still life paintings that are mostly dated around 1830. She signed her works C. Enschedé or C.G. Enschedé. Christina had a great wanderlust. Switzerland was her favorite travel destination. Two portfolios with travel sketches of her have been preserved.
She never married, and lived in a house near the family business on the Oude Groenmarkt behind the St. Bavochurch, where she is buried in the family grave.
# National symbols of Moldova

There are a number of national symbols of Moldova, representing Moldova or its people in either official or unofficial capacities.

## List of national symbols
### Official symbols

| Type | Image | Symbol |
| National flag | | The State Flag of the Republic of Moldova (Romanian: Drapelul de Stat al Republicii Moldova) is a rectangular cloth, equally vertically tripartite, starting from the flag pole in blue, yellow and red, similar to the flag of Romania. The difference is the State Emblem of the Republic of Moldova disposed in the midst of the yellow field, constituting 1/5 the length of the flag. |
| National coat of arms | | The State Emblem of the Republic of Moldova (Romanian: Stema de Stat a Republicii Moldova) is a horizontally divided shield having in the upper part red chromatics, in the lower part – blue, loaded with the head of aurochs having between its horns a star with eight rays. The head of aurochs is flanked on the right by a five-petalled rose, and on the left by a crescent. The aurochs is also present on the coat of arms of Romania. All the elements present on the shield are of golden. The shield is placed on the breast of a natural eagle holding in its beak a golden cross and taking in the right claw a green olive branch, and in the left claw a golden scepter. |
| National anthem | Our language | Limba noastră It was written by Alexei Mateevici in 1917, one year before the union of Bessarabia with Romania. The music for the anthem was composed by Alexandru Cristea. Between 1917–18 and 1991–94, the national anthem of Moldova was Deșteaptă-te, române!, which is also the national anthem of Romania. |
| National holiday | | Independence Day It commemorates the adoption of the Declaration of Independence from the Soviet Union on 27 August 1991. The act of independence was officially recognized on March 2, 1992, when Moldova gained membership of the United Nations. Being a public holiday most people and employees, also most retail businesses and public institutions are closed on this day. |

### Unofficial symbols

| Type | Symbol |
| National flower | The basil |
| National flower | The dog-rose |
| National tree | The oak |
| National tree | The sour cherry |
| National tree | The walnut |
| National animal emblem | The Aurochs |
| National animal emblem | The wolf |
| National bird | The white stork |
| National river | The Dniester |
| National river | The Prut It forms the western border of Moldova with Romania. |
| National holiday | The Mărțișor begins on 1 March and lasts 10 days, symbolizing the coming of spring. |
| National holiday | Paștele Blajinilor is celebrated the Monday after Thomas Sunday. |
| National holiday | Hora |
| National monument | Monument to Stephen the Great and Holy in Chișinău |
* Source: Akademos
# Bayır

Bayır (literally "hill") is a Turkish place name and may refer to the following places:

## Turkey

* Bayır, Alanya, a village in Alanya district, Antalya Province
* Bayır, Muğla, a town in Muğla Province
** Bayır Dam, a dam near the town

## Syria

* Bayir, a hilly region in northwestern Syria on the border with Turkey.
# Berkeh Doka

Berkeh Doka (Persian: بركه دكا, also Romanized as Berkeh Dokā and Berkeh-ye Dokā’; also known as Berkeh Dokān, Berkeh Dūkūn, Berkeh-ye Dowkā, Berkeh-ye Dūkā’, Birkeh Dugān, Deh Gūn, and Dūkūn) is a village in Kushk-e Nar Rural District, Kushk-e Nar District, Parsian County, Hormozgan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 800, in 139 families.
# Siege of Mosul (1096)

The siege of Mosul (Arabic: حِصَارُ المَوصِل, romanized: Ḥiṣar al-Mawṣil) was a siege carried out by the Seljuks on the city of Mosul, the capital of the Uqaylid dynasty and the seat of its rule. They were able to storm the city in October 1096 AD after the intensification of the 9-months siege.
The incident ended with the collapse of the Uqaylid dynasty on Dhul-Qi'dah 4, 489 AH, after a rule that lasted more than 100 years.
# Nisha Madhulika

Nisha Madhulika (born 25 August 1959) is an Indian chef, YouTube personality and restaurant consultant. She also has food columns on several websites where she contributes to Indian Express, Amar Ujala, Times of India and Dainik Bhaskar. Nisha's speciality are mainly Indian cuisine.

## Early life and background

She was born to an Indian family in Uttar Pradesh, India. She has spent her childhood and college days in her hometown in Uttar Pradesh. Nisha is married to a tech entrepreneur and has two children.

## Career

Nisha Madhulika started cooking at an early age. She lived in Noida with her husband where she assisted in the husband's company. Nisha was struggling with empty nest syndrome. Nisha started a blog, writing on how to cook Indian vegetarian recipes in 2007 which led to her popularity.
In 2011, she launched a food and recipe YouTube channel. By 2011, she had written over 100 cooking recipes on her blog.
In 2014, she was one of India's top YouTube Chefs. In November 2017, she won the award as the Top YouTube Cooking content creator in the Social Media Summit & Awards 2017.
Nisha has been featured in interviews in Lok Sabha TV and as a face of YouTube's #seesomethingnew drive in 2016. She's also contributor to 'Project Druv' an initiative by Tata Trusts India to bring internet content to villages of India.
In 2016, she was named by The Economic Times among "India's top 10 YouTube superstars". Nisha was featured in Vodafone's 'Women of Pure Wonder' coffee table book in 2016. In 2020, she crossed 10 million subscribers and got YouTube diamond play button.
# Naours

Naours (French pronunciation:; Picard: Nour) is a commune in the Somme department in Hauts-de-France in northern France.

## Geography

Naours is situated on the D117 and D60 crossroads, some 13 miles (21 km) north of Amiens.
# Baunach (river)

Baunach is a river of Bavaria, Germany. It flows into the Main in the town Baunach.
# Laura Forese

Laura Lee Forese is an American pediatric orthopedic surgeon and hospital administrator. She was the Executive Vice-President and COO of NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital (NYP) until 2023.

## Biography

As an undergrad at Princeton University, Forese majored in Civil Engineering and Operations Research, but retained an interest in studying medicine. She graduated summa cum laude in 1983 and was a member of the Phi Beta Kappa honor society. She went on to study at Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, graduating in 1987, and was a member of Alpha Omega Alpha. At Columbia Presbyterian, she did her internship in general surgery and her residency in orthopedic surgery.
In 1993, she joined Helen Hayes Hospital and later became chief of surgery and anesthesia services She also continued as a faculty member at Columbia University. She received a Master of Public Health in Health Services Management from Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health in 1995. From 1998 to 2002, she was vice chair in the Department of Orthopedic Surgery at Columbia.
She joined NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital / Weill Cornell Medical Center in 2003 as the vice president of medical affairs. In 2005, she became the chief medical officer and senior vice president, and in 2006 she was also appointed the role of chief operating officer. In 2013, she became president of the NewYork-Presbyterian Healthcare System. In October 2015, following a reorganization of the group, she returned to NewYork-Presbyterian/Weill Cornell as the executive vice president and chief operating officer.
In 2019, Crain’s New York Business listed Forese at number 9 on their list of fifty Most Powerful Women in New York. A 2019 salary survey indicated she was the second-highest compensated executive in the hospital with a salary of $5,286,445.
In May 2022, Forese announced she was going to retire from NYP in January 2023. She was succeeded by Brian Donley. Donely, also an orthopedic surgeon, left his position of CEO of Cleveland Clinic London to join NYP.

## Other ventures

In 2015, Forese joined the board of trustees at Princeton University, where she is serving an eight-year term. She was also on the board of directors for Cantel Medical Corporation prior to its acquisition by Steris. In 2016, a major restructuring at the National Institutes of Health Clinical Center, resulted in her appointment as chairman of their Research Hospital Board.
In 2018, she joined the inaugural board for the Mother Cabrini Health Foundation. In 2021, she became a board member on the Shubert Organization which does theater production. She also joined the board on medical treatments company Nereid Therapeutics.

## Personal life

She married physician Robert Downey in 1988 when they were both residents at Presbyterian Hospital. They have three children. They lived in Franklin Lakes, New Jersey. In 2016, the American Cancer Society honored her as a Mother of the Year.
# Ahmed Al-Arbeed

Ahmed Abdulrahman Al-Arbeed (Arabic: احمد عبدالرحمن العربيد) is a Kuwaiti former fencer. He competed in the individual and team foil events at the 1976 Summer Olympics, and had a record of 1–17.
# Byssa (river)

The Byssa (Russian: Бысса) is a river in Selemdzhinsky District, Amur Oblast, Russia. It is the third longest tributary of the Selemdzha, with a length of 235 kilometres (146 mi) and with 6,370 square kilometres (2,460 sq mi) the third in drainage basin area, after the Orlovka. The name of the river originated in the Evenki language.
The river flows across a largely uninhabited area except for Byssa and Fevralsk villages in the area of its mouth. South of Fevralsk the river is crossed by the Far Eastern Railway line.

## Course

The Byssa is a left tributary of the Selemdzha. It has its origin at an elevation of about 800 m (2,600 ft) in the northwestern slopes of the Turan Range. The river flows in a roughly southwestern direction with rapids and a winding channel in its upper reaches. After leaving the mountainous area it enters a wide swampy valley where it meanders slowly all along its middle and lower course. Finally it meets the left bank of the Selemdzha 206 kilometres (128 mi) from its mouth in the Zeya.
The main tributaries of the Byssa are the 73 kilometres (45 mi) long Iga from the left and the Sinnikan from the right. There are hot springs in the middle basin of the river where the water reaches a temperature of 43 °C (109 °F).
# Bandar-e Shiu

Bandar-e Shiu (Persian: بندرشيو, also Romanized as Bandar-e Shīū’; also known as Sheyow, Sheyū, Shīū, and Shīvūh) is a village in Behdasht Rural District, Kushk-e Nar District, Parsian County, Hormozgan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 488, in 102 families.
# Erkegali Rakhmadiyev

Erkegali Rakhmadiyev (Kazakh: Еркеғали Рахмадиұлы Рахмадиев, Erkeğali Rahmadiūly Rahmadiev, 1 August 1932 – 9 April 2013) was a Soviet and Kazakhstani composer and pedagogue. People's Artist of the USSR (1981). Hero of Labour of Kazakhstan (2010).

## Biography

Erkegali Rakhmadiyev was born in Shubartau, East Kazakhstan Region, to the family of Rakhmadi Zhabykbayev, a well-known aqyn and musician. From a tender age Erkegali was surrounded with folk music, he listened to performances by aqyns and dombra players and learned to play and perform as well.
In 1952, he graduated from Tchaikovsky Alma-Ata Music Academy and joined Kurmangazy Kazakh Conservatoire to study under the well-known composer Yevgeny Brusilovsky (he finished these studies in 1957).
Erkegali’s first job was that of a music teacher, and he already became the head of Kurmangazy Kazakh State Conservatoire at the age of 35. In 1969 he was awarded the academic degree of docent and a professor’s degree followed in 1979. Rakhmadiyev became the Chairman of Kazakhstan’s Union of Composers in 1968.
He was an active public figure, serving as a member of the 7th through 11th Supreme Soviets of the Kazakh SSR and a member of the Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union.
After the collapse of the Soviet Union, at the dawn of newly found sovereignty, Kazakhstani authorities invited Erkegali Rakhmadiyev to head the State Committee for Culture of the Republic of Kazakhstan. Later he was appointed in a position of Minister of Culture of Kazakhstan.
Mr. Rakhmadiyev spent his twilight years living in Astana and working as a consultant to the National Opera Theater named after Baiseitova. He died in Almaty on April 9, 2013.

## Awards and honors

* Order of the Red Banner of Labour (1971);
* Order of Otan (2010);
* People's Artist of the USSR (1981);
* People’s Artist of the Kazakh SSR (1975);
* Kazakhstannyn Embek Eri honor with a Gold Star — for outstanding contribution to the social and artistic development of the Republic of Kazakhstan, development of national culture and public work (2010).

## Selected works
### Operas

* Kamar-Sulu(1963);
* Alpamys (1973);
* Song of Virgin Soil (1980);
* Abylai-khan (1999).

### Kui

* Kui Dairabay (1961);
* Kudasha-Duman (1973).

## Filmography

* The Road of Life (1959, together with Aleksandr Zatsepin);
* The Land of the Fathers (1966);
* The End of the Ataman (1970);
* Trans-Siberian Express (1977).
# Bayzak District

Bayzak (Kazakh: Байзақ ауданы, Baizaq audany) is a district of Jambyl Region in south-eastern Kazakhstan. The administrative center of the district is the auyl of Sarykemer.

## History

The district was formed on February 14 1938 under the name Sverdlovsk district. In 1995 it was renamed Bayzaksky. At the end of August 2021, explosions in a military unit occurred in this area, causing significant casualties; national mourning was declared.
# Ashamed (1950 film)

Ashamed (Persian: شرمسار, romanized: Sharmsār) is a 1950 Iranian drama film directed by Esmail Kushan.

## Cast

* Abdullah Baghaie
* Alexander Bijanian
* Hossein Daneshavar
* Delkash
* Mohammad Ali Zarandi
# David Samuel (rugby union)

David Samuel (1869 – 15 September 1943) was a Welsh international rugby union forward who played club rugby for Swansea and international rugby for Wales. He is most notable as being a member of the first Welsh Triple Crown winning team, in 1893.

## Rugby career

Samuel began his rugby, like many players from Swansea, at Morriston RFC. By 1891 Samuel was playing for first class club Swansea, and on 7 March was selected to represent Wales against Ireland as part of the 1891 Home Nations Championship. The game saw an influx of Swansea players into the squad, with first caps for Tom Deacon, David James, Samuel's brother John as well as Samuel himself. After losses in the first two games of the tournament against Scotland and England, Wales achieved a narrow win over Ireland to avoid ending bottom of the table. Samuel was at the centre of the match scoring a vital try, which was converted by Billy Bancroft. Despite the success of the Welsh team against Ireland, Samuel was replaced the next season by Swansea teammate Frank Mills.
In 1893 the Welsh team had achieved early success in the Home Nations Championship. The Welsh selectors had decided to keep faith with a fairly static squad, which had achieved success with wins over both England and Scotland. Under the captaincy of Welsh rugby superstar Arthur Gould, Wales faced Ireland at Stradey Park in the hope of winning their first Triple Crown Championship. Samuel was the only change to the Welsh squad after the win away to Scotland, brought in to replace Harry Day. Wales won by a single try, taking the Triple Crown for the first time, making Samuel a Home Nations Champion. Although Samuel had played in two winning games, he was not selected for any further Welsh international games.

### International matches played

Wales
* Ireland 1891, 1893
# Fort Madalena

Fort Madalena, also known as Fort Madliena (Maltese: Il-Fortizza tal-Madliena), is a polygonal fort in Madliena, in the limits of Swieqi, Malta. It was built between 1878 and 1880 by the British as part of the Victoria Lines. The fort now falls under the responsibility of the Armed Forces of Malta and is used by the St John Rescue Corps.

## History

Fort Madalena was built by the British as part of the Victoria Lines, a line of fortifications along the northern part of Malta, dividing it from the more heavily populated south. It is one of three forts built along the lines, the other two being Fort Binġemma and Fort Mosta.
Fort Madalena, which is located at the eastern extremity of the line, was second of the forts to be built. It was built on the site of a fifteenth-century chapel dedicated to Mary Magdalene, which gave the fort its name. Construction of the pentagonal fort began in 1878 and was completed in 1880, at a total cost of £9400. The fort itself is quite small, with the short sides of the pentagon being about 30 metres long. The entire fort is surrounded by a 6-metre deep and 4-metre wide ditch. It was armed with a single RML 11-inch gun, four 64-pounders, two 40-pounders and two field guns. Later on, an artillery battery was built around the pentagonal fort, facing the sea for coastal defence. The battery was armed with two BL 9.2-inch guns.
In 1906, the RML 11-inch gun was replaced by BL 9.2-inch Mk X guns which had an effective range of about 8000 yards. Although the Victoria Lines were abandoned in 1907, Fort Madalena, along with Fort Binġemma, remained in use for coastal defence. Its guns were removed during the interwar period, and it was later used by the Royal Air Force first as a communications post, and then as a radar station during World War II. The radar station remained in use by NATO until British forces left Malta in 1979 and the fort was handed over to the Armed Forces of Malta.

## Present day

Fort Madalena is still owned by the government and falls under the responsibility of the 4th Regiment of the Armed Forces of Malta. A VTMIS radar was installed in 2006. The fort is leased to the St John Rescue Corps, a volunteer civil defence organization, and is used as their headquarters and training school.
The fort is in good condition although some parts are in need of restoration. It is open to the public on Saturday afternoons, or by appointment throughout the week.
A wall near the fort's entrance partially collapsed during heavy rains in April 2019, and it began to be restored in June 2019.
# Christine Laptuta

Christine Laptuta (born 1951) is a Canadian artist who lives and works in Portland, Oregon.
Her work is included in the collections of the National Gallery of Canada, the Museum of Fine Arts Houston and the Portland Art Museum.
# Sorin Bottez

Sorin Bottez (born Sorin-Mircea Bottez; 2 June 1930 – 31 July 2009) was a Romanian politician who stemmed from the National Liberal Party (PNL). During the post-war period, he was vice-president of the National Liberal Youth (Romanian: Tineretul Național Liberal).

## Biography
### Incarceration during Communism

Bottez was born in Timișoara, Kingdom of Romania. He was arrested by the Romanian Communist authorities on 8 February 1949 (then only aged 18 and a half) on the grounds that he was part of the anti-Communist movement "Avram Iancu". At the time, Bottez was a student in the final year at Mihai Viteazul High School in Bucharest. At a trial held on 12 April 1949, he was sentenced to forced labour for 20 years. Bottez was incarcerated at prisons in Aiud, Galați, Gherla, Jilava, Lugoj, Oradea, Pitești, and Târgșor. Throughout his detention, he was reportedly tortured by the prison guards, and later declared he did not collude with the Communist system's secret police. He ended up serving 14 years, being released on 11 November 1963.

### Academic career

Upon his release, he was admitted at the University of Bucharest, in the Faculty of Germanic languages, which he successfully graduated five years later, in 1968. Subsequently, he became a professor of English language and English literature at the university.

### In post-1989 Romania

After the Romanian Revolution of 1989, Bottez was also a member of the People's Action party (PP) of former Romanian President Emil Constantinescu. He served as a deputy on behalf of the PNL for two years during the early 1990s, being elected for the constituency of Bucharest in 1990. In April 1992 he was named Ambassador of Romania to South Africa by then-President Ion Iliescu, and served in this capacity until September 1994.
During the late 1990s, Bottez served as Minister Delegate for Public Information in the CDR-led government of former Prime Minister Victor Ciorbea.
In 2007, Bottez was elected president of the Romanian branch of the YMCA. In 2008 he was elected President of the Association for Citizen Education. He died in Bucharest one year later, and was buried at Ghencea Cemetery. His memoirs, written in collaboration with Florin-Vasile Șomlea, were published posthumously.
# Déprimisme

Déprimisme ("depressionism") is a present-day French art and literary movement, in which authors dwell on the failures of society. The movement can be identified as a cross between expressionism and symbolism. Originally a French movement, the term has later been extended to refer to direct commentary on any contemporary, particularly western or American culture. In a general sense, "depressionism" is the practice of manipulating social ideas and conventions in such a way as to elicit an emotional or intellectual effect from the audience.
For example, in a painting of this genre, the artist would use the actual physical texture and form of a painting to depict not only the subject matter, but the implied emotional state of the subject in his/her environment. The resulting painting is ultimately a distortion of reality intermingled with social commentary. Michel Houellebecq's 1998 novel The Elementary Particles is considered a primary work.
# Thierry Debès

Thierry Debès (born 13 January 1974) is a retired French football goalkeeper. He was once AC Ajaccio's captain. In October 2014, Debés was named Interim Coach of AC Ajaccio. In his first game, he led Ajaccio to a 2–1 victory against Valenciennes on 24 October 2014.
# Dasht-e Kenar

Dasht-e Kenar (Persian: دشت کنار) may refer to:
* Dasht-e Kenar, Fars
* Dasht-e Kenar, Darab, Fars province
* Dasht-e Kenar, Hormozgan
* Dasht-e Kenar Rural District, an administrative division of Simorgh County, Mazandaran province