OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Jim Clash

James Michael Clash (born 1950s) is an American participatory adventure journalist and author who has engaged in and written about various challenging exploits. He has written for Forbes, AskMen, Huffington Post, Bloomberg Businessweek, and Automobile. Clash has written three books: Forbes To The Limits, The Right Stuff: Interviews with Icons of the 1960s, and The Right Stuff: Interviews with Icons of the 1970s and 1980s. He is a fellow and former board member of The Explorers Club and is also ticket holder 610 on Virgin Galactic for a flight to space.

## Early life

Clash was born in Tokyo, Japan in the 1950s and raised in Laurel, Maryland. He has a Bachelor of Arts degree in English from the University of Maryland, and an MBA from Columbia University. His first foray into adventure began as an amateur "ham" radio operator. Prior to becoming an adventure journalist, Clash covered mutual funds and finance for Forbes magazine, and was an account director in the advertising industry.

## Interviews with iconic figures

As an adventure journalist, Clash has interviewed 8 of the 12 moon walkers including Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin. He has also interviewed legendary aviation pioneers including Chuck Yeager, Senator John Glenn, Sir Richard Branson, Elon Musk, Jeff Bezos, Alan Eustace, Bertrand Piccard, Joe Kittinger, and Felix Baumgartner. Notable mountaineers include Sir Edmund Hillary, Reinhold Messner, Sir Chris Bonington, Jamling Tenzing Norgay, and Jim Whittaker.
Clash has also interviewed deep ocean explorers Don Walsh and James Cameron as well as notable race car drivers Sir Jackie Stewart and Mario Andretti and famous musicians Roger Daltrey, Pete Townshend, Grace Slick, Ginger Baker, and Art Garfunkel. Additional diversity among his interviews includes those of Sir Roger Bannister, Dr. Edward Teller, Joe Frazier, Mikhail Baryshnikov, and Neil de Grasse Tyson.
# Sarah Weinman

Sarah Weinman is a journalist, editor, and crime fiction authority. She has most recently written The Real Lolita: The Kidnapping of Sally Horner and the Novel That Scandalized the World about the kidnapping and captivity of 11-year-old Florence Sally Horner by a serial child molester, a crime believed to have inspired Vladimir Nabokov's Lolita. The book received mostly positive reviews from NPR, The Los Angeles Times, The Washington Post, and The Boston Globe.

## Early life and education

Weinman is a native of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, where she graduated from Nepean High School. She later graduated from McGill University and the John Jay College of Criminal Justice.

## Professional career

Weinman edited the compendium Women Crime Writers which republishes crime fiction by women written in the 1940s and 1950s. Weinman also edited the anthology Troubled Daughters, Twisted Wives, called "simply one of the most significant anthologies of crime fiction, ever." by the Los Angeles Review of Books. Her essays have been featured in Slate, The New York Times, Hazlitt Magazine and The New Republic. Weinman has published a weekly newsletter about crime fiction called The Crime Lady since January 2015.

## Works
### Non-fiction

* —— (2018). The Real Lolita: The Kidnapping of Sally Horner and the Novel that Scandalized the World. Ecco (US). ISBN 9780062661920.
* —— (2022). Scoundrel: How a Convicted Murderer Persuaded the Women Who Loved Him, the Conservative Establishment, and the Courts to Set Him Free. Ecco (US). ISBN 9780062899767.

### Collections

* —— (2013). Troubled Daughters, Twisted Wives. Penguin Books. p. 356. ISBN 9780143122548.
* —— (2015). Women Crime Writers (Hardcover) Eight Suspense Novels of the 1940s & 50s: A Library of America Boxed Set. Library of America. p. 1512. ISBN 9781598534511.

### Essays

* —— (2012). "The Mysterious Disappearance of Peter Winston". Observer. Retrieved January 28, 2018.
* —— (2014). "The Murderer and the Manuscript". New York Times Magazine. Retrieved January 28, 2018.
* —— (2014). "The Real Lolita". Hazlitt Magazine. Penguin Random House. Retrieved January 28, 2018.
* ——. "The Case of the Disappearing Black Detective Novel". The New Republic. Retrieved January 28, 2018.
* —— (2016). "Massacre at Ninth and Main". Buzzfeed. Retrieved January 28, 2018.
* —— (2017). "The True Crime Story Behind a 1970 Cult Feminist Film Classic". Topic. First Look Media. Retrieved January 28, 2018.
# Garakuiyeh

Garakuiyeh (Persian: گراكوييه, also Romanized as Garākū’īyeh; also known as Gāzerū’īyeh) is a village in Khorramdasht Rural District, in the Central District of Kuhbanan County, Kerman Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 50, in 13 families.
# If the Martians Have Magic

"If the Martians Have Magic" is a 2021 science fantasy short story by P. Djeli Clark. It was first published in Uncanny Magazine.

## Synopsis

The first Martian invasion was repelled by biological contamination. The second was repelled by humans using salvaged Martian hardware. The third was repelled by magic. Decades later, while studying the surviving Martian prisoners, Minette Francis discovers that they too may be able to use magic.

## Reception

"If the Martians Have Magic" won the 2022 Ignyte Award for Best Short Story, and was a finalist for the 2022 World Fantasy Award for Best Short Story and the 2022 Theodore Sturgeon Award.
Strange Horizons called it "remarkable" and "difficult to classify", and lauded Clark for "seamlessly weav[ing] the two genres [of science fiction and fantasy] together". Locus praised it as "lovely stuff, a delirious melding of science fiction and otherworldly magic, not to mention politics and bureaucracy, [with] surprises at every turn," declaring it to be "truly marvelous" and "[o]ne of the stories of the year."
# Knezdol

Knezdol (pronounced) is a settlement in the Municipality of Trbovlje in central Slovenia. It is made up of clusters of settlement and isolated farmsteads dispersed though the hills north of the town of Trbovlje. The area is part of the traditional region of Styria. It is now included with the rest of the municipality in the Central Sava Statistical Region.

## Name

Knezdol was first attested in written sources in 1265–67 as in Gravenstůl. The Slovene name is a compound of knez 'duke' and dol 'valley', a calque from the German compound grave 'count' + stuol 'seat'. The name indicates that the area was the property of a count or duke.

## Mass grave

Knezdol is the site of a mass grave from the period immediately after the Second World War. The Hunting Lodge Mass Grave (Slovene: Grobišče za Lovsko kočo) is located about 30 meters (98 ft) west of a hunting lodge in a spruce forest. Human remains were found during excavations in 1980 for a dining room at the lodge. The remains are believed to be those of victims brought to the site from Trbovlje and Hrastnik, and murdered in May and June 1945.
# Kyzyltan, Akmola Region

Qyzyltañ (Kazakh: Қызылтаң, Qyzyltañ) is a village (selo) in Zerendi District, Aqmola Region, in northern part of Kazakhstan. The KATO code is 115652400.

## Demographics
### Population

Population: 508 (1999 Census results). (255 males and 253 females). As of 2009, the population of Qyzyltañ was 394 inhabitants (193 males and 201 females).
# Monthly calculation index

Monthly calculation index (MCI) (Kazakh: Айлық есептік көрсеткіш, romanized: Ailyq eseptık körsetkış (AEK); Russian: Месячный расчетный показатель, romanized: Mesyachnyi raschetnyi pokazatel' (MRP)) is an index used in Kazakhstan for calculating pensions, allowances and other social payments and also for incrementing fines and calculating taxes and other payments.
It is set annually by the law of the Republic on the Budget.

## Amounts

* 1 January 1997 — 551 tenge
* 1 April 1997 — 565 tenge
* 1 July 1997 — 585 tenge
* 1 October 1997 — 620 tenge
* 1 January 1998 — 630 tenge
* 1 April 1998 — 640 tenge
* 1 July 1998 — 650 tenge
* 1 October 1998 — 660 tenge
* 1 January 1999 — 660 tenge
* 1 April 1999 — 715 tenge
* 1 October 1999 — 725 tenge
* 1 January 2000 — 725 tenge
* 1 January 2001 — 775 tenge
* 1 January 2002 — 823 tenge
* 1 January 2003 — 872 tenge
* 1 January 2004 — 919 tenge
* 1 January 2005 — 971 tenge
* 1 January 2006 — 1,030 tenge
* 1 January 2007 — 1,092 tenge
* 1 January 2008 — 1,168 tenge
* 1 July 2009 — 1,296 tenge
* 1 January 2010 — 1,413 tenge
* 1 January 2011 — 1,512 tenge
* 1 January 2012 — 1,618 tenge
* 1 January 2013 — 1,731 tenge
* 1 January 2014 — 1,852 tenge
* 1 January 2015 — 1,982 tenge
* 1 January 2016 — 2,121 tenge
* 1 January 2017 — 2,269 tenge
* 1 January 2018 — 2,405 tenge
* 1 January 2019 — 2,525 tenge
* 1 January 2020 — 2,651 tenge
* 1 April 2020 — 2,778 tenge
* 1 January 2021 — 2,917 tenge
* 1 January 2022 — 3,063 tenge
* 1 April 2022 — 3,180 tenge
* 1 January 2023 — 3,450 tenge
# Fourth Kuril Strait

The Fourth Kuril Strait (Russian: Четвёртый курильский пролив) is a very deep strait separating the islands of Onekotan and Paramushir in the Kuril Islands, Russia. It is 46.7 km (about 29 mi) wide. It was formerly known as the Amphitrite Strait. The flood tidal current in the strait sets west-northwest, while the ebb flows in the opposite direction. These currents may reach over two knots.

## History

Between 1849 and 1874, the strait was the most common route for American whaleships entering and exiting the Sea of Okhotsk on their way to and from cruises for bowhead and right whales. They called it the 50 Passage or Paramushir Passage. Some even chased right whales on passage through the strait.
# Church of the Nativity of Saint John the Baptist, Mladenovo

Church of the Nativity of Saint John the Baptist (Serbo-Croatian: Crkva svetog Ivana Krstitelja) is a Roman Catholic Parish church in Mladenovo in Vojvodina, Serbia. The church was constructed in 1812. The earliest preserved mention of the local Roman Catholic parish in the village is mentioned in 1332 and it 1731 it was a branch of the nearby Church of Saint Anne in Bačko Novo Selo. The church building was expanded in 1934.
# Box game

Box game may refer to:
* Black Box (game), a board game for one or two players that simulates shooting rays into a black box to deduce the locations of "atoms" hidden inside
* The Box (game show), a British television game show
* Box-making game, a biased positional game where two players alternately pick elements from a family of pairwise-disjoint sets ("boxes")
* Candy Box!, a 2013 video game
* Dots and boxes, a pencil-and-paper game for two players who take turns adding a single horizontal or vertical line between two unjoined adjacent dots
* Hot box (game), a team sport that is similar to ultimate but played on a smaller field with fewer players
* Jury Box (game), a 1937 parlour game
* The Orange Box, a 2007 video game compilation
# Linköping Castle

Linköping Castle is situated at Linköping in Östergötland, Sweden. It stands opposite Linköping Cathedral (Linköpings Domkyrka).

## History

Bishop Gisle of the Diocese of Linköping first built a bishop's farm with a limestone castle in 1149. After King Gustav Vasa carried out the Reformation in 1527, the estate was converted into a royal castle. In the 1570s, King John III of Sweden (1537–1592) had the castle re-designed by Dutch architect Arendt de Roy with a new three-storey wing along the southern ring wall, he also built on the western nave with one floor. The whole castle was then white with red borders around doors and some windows. Under King Charles IX of Sweden (1550–1611), the castle was rebuilt into Renaissance style at the end of the 16th century.
The castle has been the governor's residence for Östergötland County since 1785 and a state building monument since 1935. In 2000, Linköping Castle and Cathedral Museum (Linköpings Slotts & Domkyrkomuseum) was inaugurated on three floors in the castle's north wing.
# Estonian Bowling Association

Estonian Bowling Association (abbreviation EBA; Estonian: Eesti Veeremängude Liit) is one of the sport governing bodies in Estonia which deals with bowling (tenpin bowling and ninepin bowling).
EBA is established on 28 November 1991. EBA is a member of International Bowling Federation (IBF).
# American Central Railway

The American Central Railway was originally named the Western Air Line Railroad. The American Central Railway was incorporated on February 21, 1859, as a name change of the Western Air Line Railroad. The Western Airline had not laid any track prior to 1859. In 1868, work was started on a 50.59 mile line from Galva, Illinois to New Boston, Illinois. Work was completed in October 1869.
On June 1, 1899, the American Central Railway was sold to the Chicago, Burlington and Quincy Railroad.
# Pavel Lebedev (general)

Pavel Pavlovich Lebedev (Russian: Павел Павлович Лебедев; 21 April 1872 – 2 July 1933) was a Russian and Soviet military leader, Chief of the General Staff of the Soviet Army from 1919 to 1924.

## Biography

He was born to a poor nobility, and was raised as a Russian Orthodox. At age 12 he studied at public expense in the Nizhny Novgorod Count Arakcheev Cadet Corps, after which became a cadet of the Moscow Alexandrovsky Military School. He graduated from his studies in 1892, with the rank of lieutenant was sent to the Moscow Guard Regiment. In 1897 he entered the General Staff Academy, which he graduated with honors in 1900. Promoted to staff-captains and added to the General Staff. Due to his ability to make a brilliant career, in 1914 he was already a colonel and served as Head of the 12th Department of the General Staff. During the First World War, 1914–1918 - Operations Chief Quartermaster General Staff of the Southwestern Front, Chief of Staff of the 3rd Army, General instructions for when the armies of the Civil Code of the Southwestern Front, Assistant Quartermaster General Staff of the North-Western Front, General -kvartirmeyster staff of the Western Front. At the front he was wounded. In 1915, promoted to major general. In December 1917, he dismissed and moved to his family in Yeisk.

### Russian Revolution and Soviet period

In 1918 he refused to join the White movement and voluntarily joined the Red Army at the personal invitation of Vladimir Lenin. He served as Chief of Mobilization Management (1918–1919), Chief of Staff (April–July 1919) and commander (July 1919) of the Eastern front, the Chief of the Staff of the Red Army of the Republic (1919–1924), at the same time (from March 1923 to February 1924) he was a member of the Revolutionary Military Council of the USSR.
He participated in the planning and conduct of operations to defeat the White forces of Alexander Kolchak, Anton Denikin and Nikolai Yudenich. He is considered one of the planners of the Orel–Kursk operation in October 1919, during which Denikin's offensive on Moscow was stopped and pushed back. All that time during the Civil War, Lebedev worked in a very busy schedule, seven days a week, coming home at four o'clock in the morning.
In 1922–1924 he concurrently headed the Military Academy. In the years 1924–1925 was for critical assignments for the RVS USSR. In the years 1925–1928 the chief of staff and assistant commander of the Ukrainian Military District Iona Yakir. He was a member of the All-Ukrainian Central Executive Committee. By order of the Revolutionary Military Council of the USSR dated July 3, 1933, the name of P.P. Lebedev was assigned to the Kiev artillery school, which became known as the Kiev artillery school named after comrade Lebedeva.
He died in Kharkiv.
# Caristius

Caristius is a genus of manefishes native to the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans.

## Ecology

A member of the genus Caristius associates with the siphonophore Bathyphysa conifera, using it for shelter, stealing meals, and perhaps nibbling on its host as well, yet protecting it from amphipod parasites such as Themisto. This symbiotic relationship appears mutualistic.

## Species

The currently recognized species in this genus are:
* Caristius andriashevi Kukuev, Parin & Trunov, 2012
* Caristius barsukovi Kukuev, Parin & Trunov, 2013
* Caristius digitus D. E. Stevenson & Kenaley, 2013
* Caristius fasciatus (Borodin, 1930)
* Caristius japonicus T. N. Gill & H. M. Smith, 1905
* Caristius litvinovi Kukuev, Parin & Trunov, 2013
* Caristius macropus (Bellotti, 1903) (Manefish)
* Caristius meridionalis D. E. Stevenson & Kenaley, 2013
* Caristius walvisensis Kukuev, Parin & Trunov, 2013
# Greem Bell Airfield

Greem Bell (Russian: Греэм-Белл, lit. Graham Bell) is an airfield of the Russian Air Force in Arkhangelsk Oblast, Russia. It is located on Graham Bell Island in the Franz Josef Archipelago, 1372 km north of Khatanga, and is the northernmost airfield in Russia, at latitude 81°N. It is an ice airfield operational only during the winter months, roughly from the end of November to the beginning of March, and uses the internal callsign XLDG. Greem Bell Airfield was shut down in 1994, but re-opened in 2012.

## History

Greem Bell Airfield was created to address the increasing number of United States RB-29, RB-50, and RB-47E reconnaissance missions along the Soviet Arctic coast, culminating with a series of large-scale missions between 1954 and 1956 that resulted in diplomatic protests. The 21st Air Defence Corps, activated on February 1, 1957 at Severomorsk, and its subservient fighter aviation regiments stationed farther southwest near the White Sea and Kola Peninsula, were largely responsible for operations at Greem-Bell, occasionally deploying to this airfield to conduct tests, readiness exercises, and shows of strength. Eventually Greem-Bell fell under the jurisdiction of the interceptor aircraft regiment from Rogachevo (Novaya Zemlya) and was maintained by the Operational Group Arctic (OGA), the Soviet Air Force agency which maintains forward strategic deployment bases.
On 20 October 1963 an Il-14 of the Polar Aviation Administration crashed near the airfield. See ru:Катастрофа Ил-14 на острове Греэм-Белл.
In March 1978, 4 Tupolev Tu-128 (ASCC "Fiddler") of the 72nd Guards Interceptor Aviation Regiment (72 Gv IAP) from Amderma were based here for a one-month deployment. From the early 1980s it was regularly visited by Sukhoi Su-27 and Mikoyan MiG-31 aircraft of the 10th Independent Air Defence Army of the PVO in Arkhangelsk. On March 18, 1988, Viktor Georgievich Pugachev landed an Su-27UB high-performance jet interceptor at Greem-Bell as part of a proving flight.
During the 1980s and 1990s, the airfield was used for tourist helicopter trips around the Russian arctic as a stop-over and refueling base. An An-12 crashed nearby on 3 May 1986.
The base was shut down completely in 1994, and was closed to normal visitors. A Russian scientific expedition inspected the site in autumn of 2004 and found isolated instances of PCB contamination from discarded chemical drums. In 2012, the Russian Air Force decided to reopen Greem Bell Airfield as part of a series of reopenings of air bases in the Arctic region.
In the 1960s there was concern in the United States intelligence community that it might serve as a staging base, allowing Tupolev Tu-4 or Myasishchev M-4 bombers to reach the United States. This was an unlikely prospect due to the airfield's position far north of the Northern Sea Route, making it impractical to resupply with large amounts of fuel. Key readiness documents however continued to monitor Greem-Bell as one of nine possible staging bases for the Tupolev Tu-22M (Backfire) until at least 1980.
# Alessandro Tulli

Alessandro Tulli (born 8 April 1982) is an Italian footballer.
Tulli started his career at A.S. Roma's youth system. He was loaned to various Serie B clubs before U.S. Lecce signed him in join-ownership bid on 31 August 2006, for €250,000.
On 31 January 2008, Piacenza bought another half from A.S. Roma for a reported €650,000 (via Lecce, which Lecce paid €350,000 to Roma) and Tulli started to play for Piacenza along with Zlatko Dedič, Matteo Serafini to replace Daniele Cacia. However, he lost his starting place since 2008–09 Serie B season, in which he also suffered an out-of-season injury in summer 2008.
In June 2010, Lecce gave up the remaining 50% registration rights for free. In January 2011, Piacenza released Tulli. Tulli was without a club for one year to sign for his next club Latina.
Tulli became free agent again in summer 2013.
# Yeongju Dam

Yeongju Dam (Korean: 영주댐) is a multi-purpose dam located at the bend of Yonghyeol-ri, Pyeongeun-myeon, Yeongju-si, South Korea. The capacity and height of the dam are 106.4 million cubic meters and 55.5 meters. The total investment for the project is KRW 1.1 trillion.
The construction of the project began in December 2009 and the main dam was completed in 2016. It was part of the "Four River Restoration Project" of the Lee Myung-bak government.
# Paul Spike

Paul Robert Spike is an American author, editor in chief and journalist. He is best known as the author of the 1973 memoir Photographs of My Father about the murder of his father, civil rights leader Robert W. Spike, in 1966.

## Career

Spike is the author of five books. His memoir Photographs of My Father (Knopf, 1973) is the most widely known; an autobiographical account of the murder of his father, civil rights leader Rev. Robert W. Spike, the book was chosen by the New York Public Library as one of its "Ten Best Books of The Year."
His four other works include a collection of short stories, two political thrillers, and the cult novelization of Terry Gilliam's Jabberwocky which Spike composed under the pseudonym "Ralph Hoover".
In 1997, Spike became the first American editor of the 150-year-old British humour magazine Punch which he relaunched as a weekly investigative and satirical gadfly, but soon left.

## Honors

In 1970 Spike received the John Train Humor Prize awarded by The Paris Review.

## Personal

Spike graduated from Columbia University in 1970. He has a son and a daughter by author Maureen Freely, and a son by editor Alexandra Shulman, both former wives. His brother is art historian John Spike.
# Vladimir Nagibin

Vladimir Vladimirovich Nagibin (Russian: Владимир Владимирович Нагибин; born 12 October 1981) is a Russian former professional footballer.

## Club career

He made his professional debut in the Russian Second Division in 1999 for FC Zenit-2 St. Petersburg. He played 4 games and scored 1 goal in the UEFA Intertoto Cup 2000 for FC Zenit St. Petersburg.

## Honours

* Russian Cup finalist: 2002 (played in the early stages of the 2001/02 tournament for FC Zenit St. Petersburg).
# Estakhruiyeh

Estakhruiyeh or Estakhruyeh (Persian: استخروئيه) may refer to:
* Estakhruiyeh, Arzuiyeh, Kerman Province
* Estakhruiyeh, Baft, Kerman Province
* Estakhruiyeh, Kerman, Kerman Province
* Estakhruyeh, Yazd
# Building of State Institutions

Building of State Institutions (Russian: Здание Госучреждений) is a building in Tsentralny District of Novosibirsk, Russia. It is located on the corner of Krasny Prospekt and Ordzhonikidze Street. The building was built in 1924–1925 by architect Andrey Kryachkov. In the 1930s, it was reconstructed by S. I. Ignatovich.
The building is a part of the architectural ensemble of Lenin Square.

## History

The building originally had two floors. In the 1930s, it had been increased to five stories.
During World War II, the building was occupied by Hospital No. 1504.
Since the 1990s, the building has been occupied by Novosibirsk State University of Architecture, Design and Arts.