OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Centre Mountain (Flathead Range)

Centre Mountain is a mountain located on the NW side of North Kootenay Pass, SE of Fernie in the Flathead Range of British Columbia, Canada.
# Mésigny

Mésigny (French pronunciation:; Arpitan: Mèznyi) is a commune in the Haute-Savoie department in the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region in south-eastern France.
# Agustín Pipia

Agustín Pipia (1660–1730) was the Master of the Order of Preachers from 1721 to 1725.

## Biography

A native of Aragon and a member of the Dominican Order, Agustín Pipia was the Master of the Sacred Palace. In 1721, a Dominican General Chapter elected him to be Master of the Order of Preachers. In 1724, the Dominican Cardinal Orsini became Pope Benedict XIII. The pope often worshiped in Dominican churches and raised the privileges of the order. The pope made Pipia a cardinal in 1724. Pipia died the next year.
# Moshe Lax

Moshe Lax is an American businessman from New York, known for his business association with Ivanka Trump.

## Personal life and education

Lax grew up in Brooklyn as the only son of the noted diamond dealer, real estate developer, and philanthropist Chaim Lax who partnered with Brooklyn developer Isaac Hager in gentrifying Williamsburg, Brooklyn. He attended local Hasidic schools and the religious school (yeshiva) of Rabbi Shaul Brus.
After his marriage to Shaindy Lax, he ended his religious studies (kollel) to found the Dynamic Diamonds Corp., a diamond sales business, together with his father. He resides in a mansion in Riverdale with his wife.

## Business career

When his father died in 2008, Lax inherited his vast debts. Lax was sued by the estate's creditors, who alleged in court that Lax had used shell companies to hide the estate's assets, and that he attempted to extort them and other members of the Orthodox Jewish community into giving up on the debts. The lawsuit was eventually settled. Lax was also the subject of several other lawsuits, many of which regarded unpaid debts and legal fees.
In 2017, Lax opened a two-story fashion gallery on Fifth Avenue in New York. The opening was attended by Tiffany Trump, Kimberly Guilfoyle and Lax's landlord Eliot Spitzer.
In August 2018, the U.S. Department of Justice (DOJ) sued Lax for the payment of $60 million worth of taxes. The DOJ alleged that Lax, his father and his sister Zlaty Schwartz conducted complex fake transactions in order to fraudulently evade taxes.
Lax was initially a business partner with Ivanka Trump, helping her with the licensing of her name in the jewelry industry. They opened a store together in 2007. Lax then became close friends with Ivanka and her family, even attending Donald Trump's election victory party and inauguration. Despite some financial and legal issues, their business relationship continued until 2017, with Lax holding the position of chairman for Ivanka Trump Fine Jewelry. Ivanka also owned a portion of Lax's company at one point.

## Academia

Moshe Lax is a Talmudic scholar of Jewish law and philosophy and has published a two-volume book titled "Derech Nesher".
Lax co-authored with Hillel E. Broder, PhD, "If I am here, then all is here: Towards a Phenomenological Existentialism in the Rabbinic Law of Beit Hillel". He also co-authored and published research on the self with neuropsychologist Stan Klein, UC Santa Barbara.

## Art

Moshe published an album in collaboration with Ami Magazine titled "AMI" featuring Yaakov Lemmer.
# Julián Juderías

Julián Juderías y Loyot (16 September 1877 – 19 June 1918) was a Spanish historian, sociologist, literary critic, journalist, translator and interpreter.

## Biography

Juderías was born in Madrid to a prominent and cultured family. His father, Mariano Juderías, was a well-known historical author and translator. His mother was French. At 17, he began work with the Spanish Ministry of State. In 1900, after the death of his father, he moved to Paris to attend the School of Eastern Languages. There and in Leipzig and Odesa he studied French, German, Russian and other languages. His main work was a study about the concept of "Black Legend", in which he denounced the tendentious, nonobjective historical writing or propaganda about Spain, its people and its culture.
During the First World War, he served in King Alfonso XIII's European War Office.
Years after his death, Juderías' works greatly influenced Spanish conservative thinkers such as Ramiro de Maeztu and José María de Areilza.
# Iyengra

Iyengra (Russian: Иенгра; Yakut: Иенҥэ, İenŋe) is a rural locality (a selo), the only inhabited locality, and the administrative center of Iyengrinsky Rural Okrug of Neryungrinsky District in the Sakha Republic, Russia, located on the Iyengra River, 65 kilometers (40 mi) from Neryungri, the administrative center of the district. Its population as of the 2010 Census was 1,104, down from 1,216 recorded during the 2002 Census.

## History

It was founded in 1926 and named after the river on which it is located. The river's name derives from an Evenk word meaning horn, referring to the river's branches reputedly resembling the antlers of a deer when seen from the local hills.

## Demographics

The population is mainly ethnic Evenks, with 856 of the 1,104 inhabitants reporting as Evenks during the 2010 Census.

## Economy and transportation

The local economy is mainly based around reindeer herding, fishing, hunting, and fur farming.
The Amur–Yakutsk Mainline railway passes nearby, with a station in Zolotinka.
# Aleksandr Zaikin (footballer, born 1988)

Aleksandr Vladimirovich Zaikin (Russian: Александр Владимирович Заикин; born 15 January 1988) is a Russian former professional football player.
# Maneckji Limji Hataria

Maneckji Limji Hataria (1813–1890) was an Indian scholar and civil rights activist of Parsi Zoroastrian descent, who took up the cause of the Zoroastrians of Iran.

## Early life

Maneckji was born at the village of Mora Sumali near Surat, in Gujarat, India in 1813; and as he himself tells, earned his own bread from the age of fifteen, traveling widely as a commercial agent in India. By the time of his appointment, he was already experienced, self-reliant and resourceful, and his choice by the Society proved a wholly admirable one. He is remembered among the Zoroastrians of Iran, for whom he was to labor, with only one brief intermission from then until his death in 1890.

## Activities in Iran

In 1854 Hataria was appointed emissary by the "Persian Zoroastrian Amelioration Fund", an organization founded in Bombay by Dinshaw Maneckji Petit with the aim of improving the conditions for the less fortunate co-religionists in Iran, who were being persecuted by the Qajar rulers.
In Yazd, Hataria established a Council of Zoroastrians, which succeeded in convincing a number of Iranian Zoroastrians to emigrate to India (where they are today known as Parsis). Hataria may also have been instrumental in obtaining a remission of the jizya poll tax for his co-religionists in 1882.
Manekji preached the advantages of collective social work and communal unity. He urged the Zoroastrians of Yazd and Kerman to form anjuman societies, based somewhat on the pattern of the Bombay Parsi Panchayet. Reports of early activities, sent by Manekji to Bombay, show that amongst other matters, the Kerman society attended to the restoration of the fire temple there. Similarly, hearing of the efforts of Manekji, the Bombay Parsis (led by Baronet Dinshaw Maneckji Petit, whose wife Sakarbai Petit (née Pandey) was from her mother's side of Iranian ancestry) collected funds for the repair of the Yazd Atash Behram (not the same as the present one, which dates to 1932). A bust of Manekji stands in the entrance gallery of the present-day Atash Behram at Yazd.
He founded the first boys-only school for the small community in Tehran in 1860, and later in Yazd and Kerman with money from the Amelioration Society. By 1882 there were, twelve Zoroastrian schools providing secular, Western-style education. He also brought in Parsi teachers from India to teach the Zoroastrian boys and girls in Iran. This enabled them to enhance their lives, and laid the knowledge framework for the community’s future prosperity, as well as political participation, and re-entry into the broader Iranian society

## Association with thinkers and writers of Nasseri era

Maneckji Limji Hataria was the first envoy of Indian Parsis with the history of being interested in Iran and ancient relics of Iran as well as being affected by Neo Zoroastrian or Dasatiri text entered Iran. Despite his first mission was ameliorating the situation of Zoroastrian lives in Iran, but because of the reasons which were mentioned, a little later he was linked to the scholars and writers of Iran in Nasseri era.
# La Tour-du-Pin

La Tour-du-Pin (French pronunciation: ; Arpitan: La Tor-du-Pin) is a subprefecture of the Isère department in the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region in Southeastern France.

## Geography

The Bourbre flows west through the southern part of the commune and crosses the town. The town's lowest point is at 309 m (1,014 ft) and the highest at 461 m (1,512 ft).
* Château de Tournin
* La Tour-du-Pin station
* Halles
* General view
* Subprefecture building

## Population and society

| Year | Pop. | ±% p.a. |
| 1793 | 3,098 | — |
| 1800 | 1,139 | −13.32% |
| 1806 | 1,540 | +5.16% |
| 1821 | 1,971 | +1.66% |
| 1831 | 2,334 | +1.70% |
| 1836 | 2,484 | +1.25% |
| 1841 | 2,456 | −0.23% |
| 1846 | 2,665 | +1.65% |
| 1851 | 2,572 | −0.71% |
| 1856 | 2,572 | +0.00% |
| 1861 | 2,699 | +0.97% |
| 1866 | 2,809 | +0.80% |
| 1872 | 2,857 | +0.28% |
| 1876 | 3,165 | +2.59% |
| 1881 | 3,571 | +2.44% |
| 1886 | 3,636 | +0.36% |
| 1891 | 3,520 | −0.65% |
| 1896 | 3,704 | +1.02% |
| Year | Pop. | ±% p.a. |
| 1901 | 3,803 | +0.53% |
| 1906 | 3,985 | +0.94% |
| 1911 | 4,032 | +0.23% |
| 1921 | 3,959 | −0.18% |
| 1926 | 4,451 | +2.37% |
| 1931 | 4,465 | +0.06% |
| 1936 | 4,151 | −1.45% |
| 1946 | 4,117 | −0.08% |
| 1954 | 4,459 | +1.00% |
| 1962 | 4,694 | +0.64% |
| 1968 | 5,649 | +3.13% |
| 1975 | 6,641 | +2.34% |
| 1982 | 6,913 | +0.58% |
| 1990 | 6,770 | −0.26% |
| 1999 | 6,553 | −0.36% |
| 2009 | 7,793 | +1.75% |
| 2014 | 7,934 | +0.36% |
| 2020 | 8,148 | +0.44% |
Source: EHESS and INSEE (1968-2020) :

### Education

There are three public nursery and elementary schools (École Jean Rostand, École Albert Thevenon, and École Louis Pasteur) and one private nursery and primary school, the École St Joseph. There are also two public middle schools: the Collège Les Dauphins and the Collège Le Calloud, and one private middle school, the Collège St Bruno, there is one public high school too, the Lycée Élie Cartan, and one technical high school for learning of the horticulture.

### Sport

There is a football club (FCTC), a rugby club (RCVT) and a basket-ball club (BVT).
# Armin Tashakkori

Armin Tashakori (Persian: آرمین تشکری, born 8 December 1986, in Hamedan) is an Iranian volleyball player who plays for Matin Varamin and Iran men's national volleyball team.

## Honours
### National team

* Asian Championship
** 2013 Dubai
* Asian Games
** 2014 Incheon
* Military World Games
** 2011 Tehran

### Club

* 2011-2012 Iranian Runner-up with Saipa Karaj
* 2015-2016 Iranian Third place with Shahrdari Urmia
* 2016-2017 Iranian Third place with Shahrdari Urmia
* 2019-2020 Iranian Runner-up with Saipa Tehran

### Individual

* Best middle blocker: 2011 Rio World Military Games
# Andrei Galyanov

Andrei Vyacheslavovich Galyanov (Russian: Андрей Вячеславович Гальянов; born 5 April 1973) is a Russian former professional footballer.

## Club career

He made his professional debut in the Soviet Second League B in 1990 for FC Spartak Kostroma. He played 4 games in the UEFA Intertoto Cup 1998 for FC Shinnik Yaroslavl.
# Winner (Jamie Foxx song)

"Winner" is the first single from American singer and actor Jamie Foxx's fourth studio album Best Night of My Life, released for digital download on April 6, 2010 through J Records. It features American singer Justin Timberlake and rapper T.I. Foxx told George Lopez about Timberlake's contribution: "I got him on the track—'cause he wasn't gonna get on the track—I just literally said, 'Man, my people suffered for 500 years. You owe me this.'" It was also the official theme song of the 2010 NBA Playoffs for NBA on TNT and NBA TV.

## Critical reception

Allmusic considered this song a standout cut. LA Times was also positive: "Current radio staple "Winner" sets the template — big processed drums, creepy synths and lots of open space for Foxx’s capable runs." The New York Times was positive too: "On "Winner" there’s even some of the pseudo rapping that Justin Timberlake has been squeezing out of his system of late." PopMatters was negative in its review, however: ""Winner" is another song that exists in spite of Jamie, and speaks only to the depth of his pockets. (...) The chorus of "Winner" splayed across ESPN and TNT promos for basketball games." Slant Magazine panned the track: "It's this kind of careless maximalism that produces junk like "Winner", a whirring waste of a Justin Timberlake appearance, a song whose basketball theme and cheesy dribble beat sound like something ripped from High School Musical." USA Today, however, highlighted the song positively.

## Chart performance

The song was released on urban radio stations on April 6, 2010, and was released on May 4, 2010 to mainstream radio stations. The song debuted at number 28 on the US Billboard Hot 100 due to strong airplay and downloads, becoming T.I.'s third and Timberlake's and Foxx's first "hot shot debut" on the chart.

## Charts

| Chart (2010) | Peak position |
| Canada (Canadian Hot 100) | 23 |
| New Zealand (Recorded Music NZ) | 37 |
| US Billboard Hot 100 | 28 |
| US Pop Airplay (Billboard) | 30 |
| US Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs (Billboard) | 65 |
# Qaitea

Qaitea (Arabic: القيطع) is an area that gathers Lebanese villages in Akkar District in Akkar Governorate.

## Villages

* Aayoun El Ghizlane
* Ain El Zehab
* Bebnine
* Beit Ayoub
* Beit El Haouch
* Beit Younes
* Berkail
* Borj El Aarab
* Bqerzla
* Bzal
* Chane
* Deir Dalloum
* Denbo
* Fneidik
* Habchit
* Houaich
* Hrar
* Jdaidet El Qaitea
* Karkaf
* Kherbet El Jord
* Mahmra
* Majdala
* Mar Touma
* Mbarkiyeh
* Mish Mish
* Ouadi Ej Jamous
* Qabeit
* Qardaf
* Qloud El Baqieh
* Sayssouq
* Sfinet El Qayteaa
* Wadi Jamous
* Zouq El Hassineh
* Zouq El Hbalsa
* Zouq Haddara
# Ghughari

Ghughari is a village, a Tehsil Headquarters, and a Development Block in the Mandla District. It is situated on the bank of the Burhner River, a tributary of the Narmada River. Ghughari is located at 22°68"N80°69"E. Ghughari is 35 km away from Mandla .

## Demographics

Ghughari town has a population of 3,760, of which 1,915 are males and 1,845 are females, according to the 2011 Census. There are a total of 964 families residing in Ghughari. In 2011, the literacy rate of Ghughari was 83.48%.

## Agriculture

The main occupation of the people in Ghughari is agriculture. Most residents grow coarse grains and wheat. This area is predominantly tribal.

## Transportation

Ghughari is well connected by roads and is located 35 km away from Mandla. There is a daily bus service available from Ghughari.
# Ruth DeMond Brooks

Ruth Watkins DeMond Brooks (January 29, 1902 – May 15, 1987) was an American educator. She taught history at Cardozo High School in Washington, D.C. for 28 years. Her father and husband were prominent ministers.

## Early life

Ruth Watkins DeMond was born in New Orleans, the eldest of five children born to Abraham Lincoln DeMond and Lula Irene Watkins Patterson DeMond. Her father was an Episcopalian minister, born and educated in New York, and at Howard University. Her mother, from Alabama, studied music in Boston and taught at several black colleges; she was also active in temperance work.
Ruth DeMond earned a bachelor's degree from Syracuse University in 1924, and earned a master's degree in history at the University of Chicago.

## Career

Brooks taught at Douglass High School in Baltimore for five years as a young woman, and taught history at Cardozo High School in Washington, D.C. for 28 years, with a permanent appointment granted in 1932. She was teaching at the school when it integrated in 1954. She retired from teaching in 1957.

## Personal life

In 1928, Ruth DeMond was a bridesmaid at the wedding of her friend and school colleague Yolande Du Bois (daughter of W. E. B. Du Bois) to poet Countee Cullen, in New York. In December 1931, at her father's church in Nashville, she married Robert William Brooks, pastor of Lincoln Temple Congregational Church in Washington, D.C. She was widowed when Rev. Brooks died in 1952, and she died in 1987, aged 85, at a nursing home in Wheaton, Maryland.
Brooks' sister Marguerite DeMond married Harlem Renaissance journalist John P. Davis. In 1989, a library book borrowed by Ruth DeMond in 1926 was returned to the Nashville Public Library system by Brooks' nephew, journalist Michael DeMond Davis.
# Adolf Friedrich von Schack

Adolf Friedrich, Graf von Schack (2 August 1815 – 14 April 1894) was a German poet, historian of literature, and art collector.

## Background

Schack was born at Brüsewitz near Schwerin. Having studied jurisprudence (1834–1838) at the universities of Bonn, Heidelberg and Berlin, he entered the Mecklenburg state service and was subsequently attached to the Kammergericht in Berlin. Tiring of official work, he resigned his appointment, and after travelling in Italy, Egypt, and Spain, was attached to the court of the grand duke of Oldenburg, whom he accompanied on a journey to the East. On his return, he entered the Oldenburg government service, and in 1849 was sent as envoy to Berlin. In 1852, he retired from his diplomatic post, resided for a while on his estates in Mecklenburg and then travelled in Spain, where he studied Moorish history.
In 1855, he settled at Munich, where he was made member of the academy of sciences, and here collected a splendid gallery of pictures, containing masterpieces of Bonaventura Genelli, Anselm Feuerbach, Moritz von Schwind, Arnold Böcklin, Franz von Lenbach, etc., and which, though bequeathed by him to the Emperor William II, still remains at Munich and is one of the noted galleries in that city. He died at Rome in April 1894, aged 78.
His museum opened in 1848 and remains open as a public art museum, the Schackgalerie.

## Works
### Novels and poems
#### Lyric poems

* Gedichte (1867, 6th ed., 1888).
* Heimkehr (1885)

#### Novels in verse

* Durch alle Wetter (1870, 3rd ed., 1875) and Ebenbürtig (1876).

#### Dramatic poems

* Helidor (1878).

#### Tragedies

* Die Pisaner (1872) and Walpurga and Der Johanniter (1887).

#### Political comedies

* Der Kaiserbote and Cancan (1873).

### Other aspects
#### Art and literature history

* Geschichte der dramatischen Literatur and Kunst in Spanien (3 vols. 1845–1846, 2nd ed. 1854), Poesie and Kunst der Araber in Spanien and Sicilien (1865, 2nd ed. 1877), which are valuable contributions to literary history.

#### Translations

* Spanisches Theater (1845), Heldensagen des Firdusi (1851) and Stimmen vom Ganges (1857, 2nd ed. 1877).

#### Catalogue and history of personal picture gallery

* Meine Gemaldesammlung (7th ed., 1894).

#### Collected works

* Gesammelte Werke, were published in six volumes (1883, 3rd ed. in to vols. 1897-1899). Nachgelassene Dichtungen were edited by G. Winkler (1896).

## Other information

See his autobiography, Ein halbes Jahrhundert, Erinnerungen and Aufzeichnungen (3 vols. 1887, 3rd ed. 1894). Cf. further the accounts of Schack by F. W. Rogge (1883), E. Zabel (1885), E. Brenning (1885), W. J. Mannsen (from the Dutch, 1889), and also L. Berg, Zwischen zwei Jahrhunderten (1896).
# Friedrich von Spiegel

Friedrich (von) Spiegel (11 July 1820 in Kitzingen – 15 December 1905 in München) was a German orientalist. He was one of the pioneers in the field of Iranian philology.

## Biography

He was born in Kitzingen, studied at Erlangen, Leipzig, and Bonn, then spent five years in the libraries of Copenhagen, Paris, London, and Oxford, and from 1849 to 1890 was professor of oriental languages in the University of Erlangen. His early studies on Pali and the publication of the Kammavâkya (1841) and the Ancedota Palica (1845) did much for the knowledge of southern Buddhism. They were quickly followed by his researches on Zoroastrianism and the Avesta. The edition of the greater part of the extant Avesta, together with the Pahlavi translation (1853–58), was followed by a German version (1852–63), and supplemented by a commentary (1865–69). He published a number of Persian works, as well as grammars of the Old Persian and Old Bactrian languages. Then came the valuable linguistic and archaeological works, Die altpersischen Keilinschriften (1862), Erân (1863), Erânische Altertumskunde (1871–78), Vergleichende Grammatik der alterânischen Sprachen (1882), and Die arische Periode und ihre Zustände (1887).

## Literary works

* Kammavâkya (Bonn, 1841)
* Anecdota palica (Leipzig, 1845)
* Kommentar über das Avesta (Leipzig, 1865–69, 2 vols.)
* Grammatik der altbaktrischen Sprache (Leipzig, 1867)
* Chrestomathia persica (Leipzig, 1845)
* Grammatik der Pârsisprache (Leipzig, 1851)
* Einleitung in die traditionellen Schriften der Parsen (Leipzig, 1856–60, 2 vols.)
* Die altpersischen Keilinschriften im Grundtext, mit Übersetzung, Grammatik und Glossar (Leipzig, 1862, 2nd ed. 1881)
* Erân, das Land zwischen dem Indus und Tigris (Berlin, 1863)
* Arische Studien (Leipzig, 1873)
* Erânischen Altertumskunde (Leipzig, 1871–78, 3 vols.)
* Vergleichende Grammatik der alterânischen Sprachen (Leipzig, 1882)
* Die arische Periode und ihre Zustände (Leipzig, 1887)
* “Beiträgen zur vergleichenden Sprachforschung,” in Zeitschrift der deutschen morgenländischen Gesellschaft
# Eldership of Spisz

Eldership of Spisz was a non-castle eldership territory of Kingdom of Poland from 1412 to 1569 and Lesser Poland Province, Crown of the Kingdom of Poland, Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth from 1569 to 1772. Its seat was located in the Stará Ľubovňa. It was located in the Spiš, and its area consisted of a salient connected to the rest of the Kingdom of Poland, and 5 exclaves.
It was formed on 8 November 1412, after the signing of Spiš Pledge between Władysław II Jagiełło, king of Poland and Sigismund, king of Hungary, in which the Kingdom of Hungary had pledges part of Szepes County to the Kingdom of Poland in exchange for 2 220 000 Prague groschen. The area was meant to remain in Poland until Hungary would pay the loan back, however, it was permanently incorporated as Polish possession in 1489 after Hungary had made a failed attempt to regain the area with military force. In 1569, after the formation of Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, it became a part of Lesser Poland Province, Crown of the Kingdom of Poland. The eldership was conquered by the Habsburg monarchy between 1769 and 1770 and remained under occupation until 1772 when it was formally incorporated into the Szepes County, Kingdom of Hungary.

## Subdivisions and borders

It was subdivided into the Dominion of Lubowla and Province of 13 Spisz Towns. Dominion of Lubowla consisted of the towns of Stará Ľubovňa, Podolínec and Hniezdne, and the souranding area. Its capital was Stará Ľubovňa. The dominion bordered the Kingdom of Poland to the north and Podoliniec District, Province of 13 Spisz Towns to the south. The Province of 13 Spisz Towns consisted of the towns of Spišská Nová Ves, Spišské Vlachy, Spišské Podhradie, Poprad, Veľká, Spišská Sobota, Stráže pod Tatrami, Matejovce, Spišská Belá, Vrbov, Ľubica, Ruskinovce, and Tvarožná, and 15 villages. It consisted of 6 separate parts, of which Podoliniec District bordered the Dominion of Lubowla, while 5 others were the exclaves surrounded by the Kingdom of Hungary. Additionally, Spiš Castle in Spišské Podhradie was an exclave of Hungary surrounded by the Eldership. The area of Eldership of Spisz was 1,100 km$^2$ (420 sq mi).