OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Norwood Bowne

Norwood Bowne (May 2, 1813 in New York City – January 7, 1890 in Delhi, Delaware County, New York) was an American newspaper editor and politician from New York.

## Life

In his youthful years,he learned the printer's trade. In 1830, he moved to Delhi, New York, to study law with Charles Hathaway. Charles had married Bowne's sister, Maria Augusta in 1828, but worked for the Delaware Republican". This paper was not successful, and Bowne returned to New York City, where he published the Protestant Vindicator. In 1834, the printing and publishing house was destroyed by fire. In 1839, he returned to Delhi, New York, and from January 1839 until his death, he published the Delaware Express.
He was postmaster of Delhi, New York, from 1849 to 1852.
In 1854, he was elected an inspector of state prisons, being in office from 1855 to 1857.
In 1876, he ran for presidential elector on the Republican Rutherford B. Hayes ticket, but New York was won by Samuel J. Tilden.

## Sources

* The New York Civil List compiled by Franklin Benjamin Hough (pages 45 and 370; Weed, Parsons and Co., 1858)
* The New York Civil List compiled by Franklin Benjamin Hough, Stephen C. Hutchins and Edgar Albert Werner (1867; pages 411 and 507)
* THE REPUBLICAN NOMINATIONS in NYT on November 4, 1876
* History of Delaware County
# Malani (river)

The Malani (Dutch: Marowijnekreek), also Marouini (Dutch: Marowini), is a river in the disputed area between French Guiana and Suriname. According to Suriname, it is the border river, however France considers the Litani the border. The river has its source at Pic Coudreau [ceb] in the Tumuk Humak Mountains. It has its mouth at the confluence with the Litany at Antecume Pata and continues its journey as the Lawa River. The Malani has a length of 245 kilometres (152 mi).

## Name

The river is known in Suriname and the Netherlands as the Marowijnekreek. It used to be called Marouini in France, however the Wayana name of Malani is becoming the accepted version. The names Marouini and Marowijnekreek were also used in the past for the Lawa River.

## Course

The Malani has its source at Pic Coudreau, a 711 metres (2,333 ft) high inselberg in the Tumuk Humak Mountains near the border with Brazil. The river first heads south and makes a 180 degree turn around Pic Coudreau and continues its journey northwards through the tropical rainforest. The largest tributary is the Wanapi [ceb] which measures 92 kilometres (57 mi). After a meandering journey of 245 kilometres (152 mi), there is a confluence with the Litani, and both rivers continue as the Lawa River. The Lawa in turn flows into the Maroni which has its mouth at the Atlantic Ocean.

## Former settlements

In 1791, the Aluku Maroons were chased out of Suriname and moved into French Guiana. The tribe continued their journey to the Malani. They were not completely safe there either, because Boni, the leader of the tribe, was killed on the river on 19 February 1793. The Aluku eventually returned to Gaan Day along the Lawa River, and had abandoned the Malani around 1839.
From the 1880s onwards, the indigenous Wayana moved from the Paru River in Brasil northwards along the Malani and Litani. Several villages were founded which were visited by Henri Coudreau in 1893. With the exception of Saint-Laurent which is located at the mouth, the river is nowadays uninhabited.
# Tårs

Tårs is a Danish town with a population of 1,852 (1 January 2024) situated in Vendsyssel, the northern part of Jutland. Tårs is a part of Hjørring Municipality.

## History

The name of the village probably originates from the Nordic god Thor. The area was in 1264 mentioned as Thorse, which could mean Thor's sanctuary.

## Notable people

* Eigil Nielsen (1948 in Tårs – 2019) a Danish footballer who played as a midfielder, mainly in Switzerland
* Sisse Fisker (born 1976 in Tårs) a Danish TV presenter
# Suraya Qajar

Suraya Sadraddin gizi Qajar (Azerbaijani: Sürəyya Sədrəddin qızı Qacar; May 1, 1910 – July 27, 1992) was a Soviet and Azerbaijani singer (mezzo-soprano). She was awarded the honorary titles of People's Artiste of the Azerbaijan SSR (in 1954) and People's Artist of the Armenian SSR.

## Life

Qajar was born on May 1, 1910, in Shusha, Russian Empire. In 1927 she graduated from the Baku Pedagogical College. From 1927 to 1939 she was a soloist of the Azerbaijan State Academic Opera and Ballet Theater. Since 1940 she has been a soloist of the Azerbaijan State Academic Philharmonic Hall, and since 1968 she has been a vocal teacher-consultant. From 1946 to 1957 she was a soloist of the Armenian State Academic Philharmonic Hall.
The main focus in the work of Qajar was occupied by Azerbaijani folk songs, mugams, as well as songs of the people of the USSR and Soviet composers. She has toured both the cities of the Soviet Union and of Iran. She was awarded two Orders of the Badge of Honor and medals. She died in 1992 in Baku.

## Roles

* Leyli – Leyli and Majnun (Uzeyir Hajibeyov)
* Asli – Asli and Kerem (Uzeyir Hajibeyov)
* Gulnaz – If Not That One, Then This One (Uzeyir Hajibeyov)
* Shahsenem – Ashig Garib (Zulfugar Hajibeyov)

## Family

His father, Sadraddin Mirza Gajar, was an officer belonging to the Bahmani family. The family was founded by Bahman Mirza Qajar, a former governor of Iranian Azerbaijan and a member of the Qajar dynasty. Sadraddin Mirza Qajar was executed by Bolsheviks after Red Army invasion of Azerbaijan.
# John Frost School

The John Frost School, formerly known as Duffryn High School (Welsh: Ysgol Uwchradd Dyffryn), is a comprehensive school on the south-western outskirts of Newport, south Wales. It is in the suburb of Duffryn and opened in 1959.
In 2018 the Welsh-medium secondary school Ysgol Gyfun Gwent Is Coed moved into buildings adjoining the John Frost School.
As of 2019, the head teacher is Mark Tucker.

## Name change

At the beginning of 2015 it was announced that Duffryn High School was changing its name to The John Frost School. John Frost (1784−1877) was a Chartist and the leader of the Newport Rising.

## In popular culture

In August 2019, in the BBC TV series Who Do You Think You Are?, the school was visited by TV producer Michael Whitehall and his son, actor and comedian Jack Whitehall, who were revealed to be descendants of Thomas Phillips, mayor of Newport at the time of the Rising.
In 2005, the school was used for filming the Doctor Who television episode "School Reunion". Some of the school's pupils were used as extras.
# Butugychag

Butugychag (Russian: Бутугычаг) was a tin, gold and uranium mine and a former forced labour camp in the Kolyma region of North-Eastern Russia, present-day Magadan Oblast.

## Forced Labor Camp

The Butugychag Corrective Labor Camp (Russian: исправительно-трудовой лагерь, Бутугычаг, romanized: ispravitel'no-trudovoy lager', Butugychag) was part of the bigger Berlag, a subdivision of GULAG. The camp existed during 1945–1955 . The camp is mostly known for its deadly uranium extraction. It is mentioned by some Russian historians such as Anatoly Zhigulin. It is one of a small number of camps where prisoners mined uranium, the truth of which has only recently been recovered.
The camp's main activity was the mining of various types of ore, including tin, gold, and uranium. The camp also contained a top secret research-medical facility where a series of experiments were conducted on camp inmates. Witnesses of the camp state that the camp took the life of some 380,000 people in the 10 years of its existence, despite a maximum capacity of 31,500 only having been reached in 1952. Uranium mining was conducted manually without any protective gear, resulting in severe occupational risks to prisoners. The average miner's life span was less than a year, and radiation levels in the area are still elevated. The administration of the Tenkinsky District installed warning signs around the area as a precaution against trespassers.

### Cemetery

As of 2017 in surroundings of the camp a local improvised cemetery with around 250 graves of prisoners can be found.

## Legend

In local folklore, the area is known as Death Valley. This name was given to the area by the nomadic tribes that domesticated and raised deer in the area. As they travelled along the Detrin River, they stumbled upon a huge field filled with human skulls and bones. Soon after, their deer became ill with a mysterious disease; the first symptom was loss of fur on their legs, followed by lack of energy and refusal to walk. This name was passed on to Beria's camps of the 14th department of GULAG.
The settlement has only recently come to light, and is not even listed among the abandoned camps as though it never existed. The remains of the camp can still be found about 55 km (34 mi) north of Ust-Omchug near the Tenkin highway. There are two abandoned settlements in the area located near each other (10 kilometres): Butugychag was the camp itself where prisoners were kept, and Lower Butugychag, which housed the servicemen of the local electric substation. In 1955 when the camp was shut down, Lower Butugychag was abandoned and its population was moved to Ust-Omchug.
Located nearby (8 kilometres) is an abandoned chicken farm, which was left uncompleted and under construction due to the high concentration of radiation.
All the roads to the area have deteriorated, making it difficult to find the settlement and, thus, to reach it. The only practical way to get to the area is by a cross-country vehicle or by air transportation.

## Gallery

* A mine adit in the hillside
* Doors on adit. Bar locks the doors from the outside.
* Remains of metallurgical mill
* Administration block
# James Elliot Cabot

James Elliot Cabot (June 18, 1821 – January 16, 1903) was an American philosopher and author, born in Boston to Samuel Cabot Jr., and Eliza Cabot.

## Education and career

Having received his bachelor's degree from Harvard Law School in 1845, Elliot started a law firm.
He taught philosophy at Harvard and was a transcendentalist and edited the Massachusetts Quarterly Review, beginning in 1848. Cabot was a correspondent of Henry David Thoreau.

## Views and publications

Cabot argued that we do not experience space directly, that space is "a system of relations, it cannot be given in any one sensation. [...] Space is a symbol of the general relatedness of objects constructed by thought from data which lie below consciousness." Cabot was of the opinion that the position of something in space was not felt at all, but deduced from perceived relations.
His 2-volume biography of Ralph Waldo Emerson was criticized for its lack of color. According to the review in The Saturday Review of Politics, Literature, Science, and Art, Cabot "gives abundant materials for forming, correcting, or filling up an idea of Emerson's character, but comparatively little information about the events of a life which appears, indeed, to have been very uneventful."

## Family

Cabot and his wife Elizabeth had five sons, the most notable of them being Richard Clarke Cabot (1868–1939), a physician who advanced clinical hematology, was an innovator in teaching methods, and a pioneer in social work.
# Crimsonwing

The crimsonwings (Cryptospiza) are a genus of small passerine birds belonging to the estrildid finch family (Estrildidae). There are four species. They are found in parts of Sub-Saharan Africa, particularly the Albertine Rift; all four species occur there and two, Shelley's and dusky crimsonwings, are found nowhere else. They are secretive birds which mainly inhabit mountain forests with dense undergrowth. They usually forage on or near the ground, feeding mainly on seeds such as those of grasses and balsam.
They are 11–13 cm long with short wings and a short, rounded tail. The bill is thick and conical and either black or red. They all have a reddish back and rump and olive or grey underparts. Juvenile birds are duller than the adults.
Destruction and degradation of their forest habitat is a potential threat to the crimsonwings and Shelley's crimsonwing is classified as vulnerable by the IUCN.

## Species list

| Common Name | Scientific name | Distribution |
| Red-faced crimsonwing | Cryptospiza reichenovii | Bioko and the Western High Plateau, the Albertine Rift montane forests and east Africa. |
| Abyssinian crimsonwing | Cryptospiza salvadorii | highlands of East Africa |
| Dusky crimsonwing | Cryptospiza jacksoni | Albertine Rift montane forests |
| Shelley's crimsonwing | Cryptospiza shelleyi | Albertine Rift montane forests |
# Koleshchatovka

Koleshchatovka (Russian: Колещатовка) is a rural locality (a selo) in Bugayevskoye Rural Settlement, Kantemirovsky District, Voronezh Oblast, Russia. The population was 308 as of 2010. There are 2 streets.

## Geography

Koleshchatovka is located 15 km south of Kantemirovka (the district's administrative centre) by road. Kantemirovka is the nearest rural locality.
# Marib Power Plant

The Marib Power Plant (Arabic: محطة مأرب الغازية) is a gas-fired power plant in Marib, Yemen. It is the largest power plant in the country.

## History

The power plant was commissioned in 2009 as the largest power plant in Yemen. In 2015, the power plant went out of operation due to the Yemeni civil war. On 14 May 2020, the power plant resumed its operation.

## Technical specifications

The power plant has an installed capacity of 300 MW.

## Finance

The power plant was constructed with a cost of US$230 million with funding from Saudi Development Fund and Arab Fund for Economic and Social Development.
# Willie Wright (American football, born 1968)

Willie Don Wright (born March 9, 1968) is an American former professional football player who was a linebacker and tight end in the National Football League (NFL) and the World League of American Football (WLAF). He played for the Phoenix Cardinals of the NFL, and the Frankfurt Galaxy of the WLAF. Wright played collegiately at the University of Wyoming.
# Görentepe, Silvan

Görentepe (Kurdish: Helda) is a neighbourhood in the municipality and district of Silvan, Diyarbakır Province in Turkey. It is populated by Kurds and had a population of 205 in 2022.
# Olivia Trummer

Olivia Trummer (born 12 June 1985 in Stuttgart) is a German jazz (pianist, vocalist, composer).

## Biography

Trummer was raised in a family of musicians and was honored five times at Jugend musiziert as a federal award winner. Since 2003 she studied jazz piano as well as classical piano at the Hochschule für Musik und Darstellende Kunst Stuttgart. In 2008/2009 she completed a master's degree at the Manhattan School of Music. All courses she graduated with honors. During her studies in 2004 and 2006, she was commissioned to write compositions for stage and film music.
With her trio she performs her own English and German jazz songs as well as her own arrangements of classical works, such as Mozart, Bach or Ligeti. Since her third albumNobody Knows the pianist is also heard as a singer, where she promotes the jazz song "by ludicrous melody jumps and bold Scat-coloratura in the Lied area.“ Besides her trio she also performed with the Ensemble Eichendorff (with Claudio Puntin, Libor Šíma as well as Bodek Janke) and in duo with Janke in appearance. She also plays concerts as a soloist and as a duo with the Swiss vibraphone player Jean-Lou Treboux. She was also on tour with the band East Drive. Since autumn 2016 she has been touring the world with the band Caipi of Kurt Rosenwinkel. She gave concerts in the Carnegie Hall, in Schloss Elmau and in the Liederhalle Stuttgart as well as jazz festivals in Germany, England, Ireland, Italy, the Czech Republic, Russia, Japan, China and the USA.

## Honors

Trummer became the second prizewinner at the International Piano Competition Palma D’Oro in Italien ausgezeichnet in 2008. She was a scholarship holder of the DAAD in 2009 and received grants from the Kunststiftung Baden-Württemberg and the Bruno Frey Foundation in 2010. Her album Westwind was referred to as excellent on the leaderboard of the third quarter of 2008 at Preis der Deutschen Schallplattenkritik. In 2014 she was the first national advertised by the city of Ingolstadt Ingolstädter Jazzpreis 2014.

## Discography

* Nach Norden (Neuklang 2006)
* Westwind (Neuklang, 2008)
* Nobody Knows (Neuklang, 2010)
* Poesiealbum (Neuklang 2011)
* Fly Now (Contemplate Music, 2014)
* Classical to Jazz One (Neuklang, 2015)
* Studiokonzert (Neuklang, 2018)
* The Hawk (Flavoredtune, 2019)
* For You (Warner Music Italy 2022)
* Dialogue's Delight (Warner Music Italy, 2023)
# Iranian Academy of Medical Sciences

The Academy of Medical Sciences of Iran (Persian: فرهنگستان علوم پزشکی جمهوری اسلامی ایران) was formally inaugurated in 1990. It had received its mandate from the High Council of Cultural Revolution and Legislature of the Islamic Republic of Iran two years earlier and its existence had been foreseen in the 1986 Charter of the Ministry of Health and Medical Education. It is one of the four academies of the Islamic Republic of Iran.

## Organization

The Academy consists of the president of the country as the director of the academy, a general assembly, the president of the academy (currently Iradj Fazel), a vice-president for research (currently Reza Malekzadeh), a scientific council, and a secretary. The Academy publishes Archives of Iranian Medicine, a peer-reviewed medical journal.

## Objectives

Among the major objectives of The Academy of Medical Sciences of Iran are the development of medical sciences and techniques as well as reinforcement of the spirit of research, the attainment of scientific and cultural independence, promotion of the level of the national medical sciences, attainment of the latest findings and, innovation in the field of medical science through collective endeavors and encouragement of scientists and researchers.

## Members

The Academy has three types of members including Permanent, Associate and Honorary.
# Township 9

Township 9 may refer to:
* Little River Township, Wake County, North Carolina
* Township 9, Benton County, Arkansas
* Township 9, Rooks County, Kansas
# Cheryl Weaver

Cheryl Weaver (born March 22, 1980) is an American former indoor volleyball player.
She played for the United States women's national volleyball team, at the 2002 FIVB World Grand Prix.

## Life

She played for Long Beach State University.

## Clubs

| Club | Years |
| Voléro Zürich | 2006/2007 |
| Azerrail Baku | 2011 |
# Gamasolaelaps whartoni

Gamasolaelaps whartoni is a species of mite in the family Veigaiidae.
# Akbar Kalili

Akbar Kalili (Persian: اکبر کلیلی, 1956 – 28 February 2018) was an Iranian alpine skier. He competed in three events at the 1976 Winter Olympics.
# Andrew Ross (artist)

Andrew Ross (b. 1989) is an American sculptor working across traditional and new media. His works examine the fraught relationship between objects and images in the digital age. Ross merges a broad range of art, historical, and scientific references into fragmentary constructions that combine figures, objects, and spaces with a nod to the metaphoric associations they elicit.
For instance, in a 2017 show at False Flag Projects, Ross embedded portraits of Neil DeGrasse Tyson into the faces of flowers populating one of his sculptures, adorning representations of the natural world with the likeness of a public figure who explains the fundamental laws governing nature to a popular audience.
Ross earned his BFA from Cooper Union and attended Skowhegan School of Painting and Sculpture. He has taught at Bruce High Quality Foundation University.
# Paweł Spisak

Paweł Tadeusz Spisak (born 29 September 1981 in Koszalin) is a Polish equestrian. At the 2004, 2008, 2012 and 2016 Summer Olympics he competed in the Individual eventing.
# Qarmat Bitamrmat

Qarmat Beit Qarmat (Arabic: قرمط بيت قرمط, lit. English: Qarmouti's House of Qarmatians) is a 2019 Egyptian comedy film, starring Ahmed Adam, Mai Selim, Dina Fouad, and Walid Fawaz. The film revolves around Al-Qarmouti, a descendant of the Qarmatians who builds a cemetery for his ancestors and turns it into a tourist attraction, while getting involved in a murder case related to antiquities smuggling.

## Plot

Al-Qarmouti (Ahmed Adam) is a man who honors his ancestors by building a cemetery for them on his land, and makes it a tourist attraction by charging a ticket for admission. He hires two tour guides to tell fabricated stories about the Qarmatians and their achievements. However, this causes him problems with the Ministry of Tourism and Antiquities, which accuses him of violating the law and exploiting the heritage. A police colonel and an officer are sent to investigate and shut down his cemetery.
Meanwhile, a journalist named Ghada Al-Ghunaimi (Mai Selim) is filming a murder of a gang working in smuggling antiquities, and accidentally leaves her camera at the crime scene. The camera contains valuable evidence that could expose the gang and their leader, Di Faso, a notorious smuggler who poses as a French archaeologist. The camera ends up in the hands of Al-Qarmouti, who finds it in a sarcophagus that he bought from the gang. He gets involved with the journalist and tries to help her expose the gang and clear his name. However, the gang leader and his henchmen chase them and try to retrieve the camera and the evidence.

## Release

The film was released on January 16, 2019, in Egypt.
# Slawiya

Slawiya, as-Slawiya (Arabic: صلاوية Ṣ(a)lāwiya) was one of the three parts of the Rus' with the center in Holmgard (identified with the land of Ilmen Slavs) described in a lost book by Abu Zayd al-Balkhi (dating from c. 920) and mentioned in works by some of his followers (Ibn Hawqal, Al-Istakhri, Hudud ul-'alam). The two other centers were Arthaniya (Arabic: ارثانية ’Arṯāniya) (not properly explained) & Kuyaba (Arabic: كويابة Kūyāba; usually identified with Kiev).
Slawiya is described as the most remote groups of the Rus', together with Kuyaba and Arthania they are involved in extensive international trade relations, in particular with the Muslim East. In Ibn Hawqal describing it is called primary in relation to the other two groups.
Modern historiography tends to identify as-Slawiya with the Novgorodian lands.
# Nidana Arambhakatha

Nidāna Ārambhakathā (Burmese: နိဒါန အာရမ္ဘကထာ; lit. 'Preface to the Legend') is a Mon language chronicle. It is supposedly part of a larger treatise called Ramann'-uppatti-dipaka ("An Explanation of the Origins of Ramannadesa"). The surviving copy of Nidana is dated to the 18th century although the copy says its original manuscript was compiled in year 900 ME (1538/39 CE). Moreover, at least some parts of it were likely written during the early 17th century.
# Arastun Javadov

Arastun Nureddin oglu Javadov (Azerbaijani: Ərəstun Nurəddin oğlu Cavadov; 20 October 1948 – 29 March 2023) was an Azerbaijani politician. A member of the New Azerbaijan Party, he served in the National Assembly from 2005 to 2015.
Javadov died on 29 March 2023, at the age of 74.
# Carley Fortune

Carley Fortune is a Canadian writer from Toronto, Ontario, most noted for her 2023 novel Meet Me at the Lake.
A journalist who has been a contributor and editor for Refinery29, The Globe and Mail, Chatelaine and Toronto Life, she published her debut novel Every Summer After in 2022. Meet Me at the Lake followed in 2023; the book made the bestseller lists in both Canada and the United States, and attracted widespread press when it was optioned by Archewell, the production firm of Prince Harry, Duke of Sussex, and Meghan, Duchess of Sussex, for development as a film.
Meet Me at the Lake was selected for the 2024 edition of Canada Reads, where it was defended by Mirian Njoh. In the fall of 2024, her follow-up novel This Summer will be Different, set in PEI as a romance summer read, is leading the Canadian fiction bestseller list.