OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# General Dutch Union of Trade and Office Workers

The General Dutch Union of Trade and Office Workers (Dutch: Algemeene Nederlandsche Bond van Handels- en Kantoorbedienden, ANBHK) was a trade union representing white collar workers in the Netherlands.
The union was founded on 22 October 1905 as a split from the National Association of Trade and Office Clerks, led by supporters of the Social Democratic Workers' Party. On 1 January 1906, it was a founding affiliate of the Dutch Confederation of Trade Unions (NVV). While it initially had only 213 members, it grew steadily; by 1914 had 1,531 members, and by 1921, 4,932 members. Unlike its rival trade unions, it welcomed women into membership, and they soon comprised about 20% of its total.
The union organised a number of strikes. The first was in 1910, at J. Norden, a wholesaler in Rotterdam, and within a week the company agreed to start paying for overtime. In 1926, it led a seven-month strike at Electrolux, which led to recognition of the union and an agreed wage scheme.
The National Association became part of the union Mercurius, which repeatedly discussed a potential merger with the General union. On 1 October 1940, the occupying Nazis forced a merger of the two, and after World War II, they agreed to maintain the unity, as the General Dutch Association for Trade and Office Clerks and Travelling Salesmen.

## Leaders

The union was led by its secretary until 1921, and thereafter by its president.
    1905: Edo Fimmen
    1916: Gerrit Smit
    1934: W. Brouwer
# Would It Kill You to Stop Doing That?

Would It Kill You To Stop Doing That? is a 2012 non-fiction book by the American humorist Henry Alford that details manners from around the world.
After being interested in a quote by Edmund Burke about how important manners are, Alford traveled around the world researching manners. He also interviews people such as etiquette authority Judith Martin.

## Reception

Jincy Willet of The New York Times said that the book "amuses as much as it informs". Sarah Halzack of The Washington Post called the book "a bit haphazard" although "his self-effacing tone and dry sense of humor help to unify the pieces". Philip Marchand of National Post said that "sometimes his humour is a bit strained" although his advice can be "very practical".
# Çetinkaya, Kızıltepe

Çetinkaya (Kurdish: Şikefta) is a neighbourhood in the municipality and district of Kızıltepe, Mardin Province in Turkey. The village is populated by Kurds of the Xalecan tribe and had a population of 393 in 2021.
# Grmovšek Lodge Below Big Kopa

The Grmovšek Lodge Below Big Kopa Peak (Slovene: Grmovškov dom pod Veliko Kopo; 1377 m) is mountain hut under Big Kopa on the westernmost and highest part of Pohorje. The hut was built in 1937 and soon became important for hiking and wintersports. In 1942 it was burnt down, the hikers built new one in 1947, but it was also burnt down the same year. The third hut opened in 1954 and was named after Miloš Grmovšek, the then president of the Slovenj Gradec Hiking Club (PD Slovenj Gradec).

## Starting points

* 11⁄2h from the Ribnica Lodge (Ribniška koča)
* 23⁄4h from the village of Dovže
# Baiyunhu Subdistrict

Baiyunhu Subdistrict (Chinese: 白云湖街道; pinyin: Báiyúnhú Jiēdào; Jyutping: baak$^6$ wan$^4$ wu$^4$ gaai$^1$ dou$^6$) is a subdistrict of Baiyun District, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China. As of 2020, it has 15 residential communities (社区) under its administration.
# Ormandışı, Silvan

Ormandışı (Kurdish: Çiçika) is a neighbourhood in the municipality and district of Silvan, Diyarbakır Province in Turkey. It is populated by Kurds and had a population of 448 in 2022.
# Kapıkaya, Kurtalan

Kapıkaya (Kurdish: Kevirêhamo) is a village in the Kurtalan District of Siirt Province in Turkey. The village had a population of 81 in 2021.
# HNLMS Van Amstel

HNLMS Van Amstel (Dutch: Hr.Ms. or Zr.Ms. Van Amstel) may refer to following ships of the Royal Netherlands Navy:
* HNLMS Van Amstel (F806), a Cannon-class destroyer escort launched in 1943 as USS Burrows, renamed on transfer to the Netherlands in 1950; she was scrapped in 1968
* HNLMS Van Amstel (F831), a Karel Doorman-class frigate launched in 1990
# Eslamabad, Bardaskan

Eslamabad (Persian: اسلام اباد, also Romanized as Eslāmābād; also known as Shāhrokhābād) is a village in Sahra Rural District, Anabad District, Bardaskan County, Razavi Khorasan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 1,099, in 284 families.
# Pedro Juan Núñez

Pedro Juan Núñez (Latin: Petrus Joannes Nunnesius or Valentinus Nunnesius; 1525–1602) was a Valencian humanist and educator active during the Spanish Golden Age. He is famous for his rhetorical treatises based on Hermogenes' rhetorical works.

## Life

Núñez graduated with a Master of Arts from the University of Valencia in 1546. After graduation, he worked at the University of Valencia as a chair in Greek. Starting in 1550 he studied under Peter Ramus in Paris. Núñez returned to Valencia in 1552 to take a position as a chair in Rhetoric. He also taught Grammar and Latin. While there he composed Rhetoricae institutionis libri quinque (1552), a paraphrase of the four works of the Hermogenean corpus, at the age of 27. Pedro Juan Pepinyá, a famous Jesuit orator, was one of his students. In 1557 he left with Juan Lorenzo Palmireno to work at the University of Zaragoza, but in 1563 returned yet again to the University of Valencia, where he continued to publish on Greek language and rhetoric.

## Works

* Artificium orationis Ciceronis pro Caio Rabirio perduellionis reo (1551)
* Oratio de causis obscuritatis Aristoteleae (1554)
* Epitheta M. Tullii Ciceronis collecta (1556)
* Rhetoricae institutionis libri quinque (1556)
** Critical edition: Ferran Grau Codina. Las retóricas de Pedro Juan Núñez (ediciones y manuscritos). Dissertation, University of Valencia, 1994.
* De situ orbis explanationes in Dionysium Afrum (1562)
* Petitio ad Pontificem Maximum Pium V pro Academia Ilerdensi (1562)
* De ratione interpretandi aliorum scripta (1570)
* Explanatio in Dionysium Periegetam de situ orbis
** Critical edition: Paulino Pandiella Gutiérrez. La Explanatio in Dionysium Periegetam de situ orbis de Pedro Juan Núñez. Edición crítica y estudio introductorio. Dissertation, University of Oviedo, 2018.
* Alphabetum graecum (1571)
* Tabulae institutionum rhetoricarum (1574)
* Libellus de mutatione linguaese Graecae in Latinam
* Typus institutionum Grammaticarum Etymologiae et sentaxeoos lingua Graecae (1577)
* Phrynichi epitomae dictionum atticarum (1586)
* De Aristotelis doctrina orationes philosophicae tres trium insignium Valentinorum (1591, with Bartolome Jose Pascual and Juan Bautista Monllor)
* Progymnasmata, idest, Praeludia quaedam oratoria ex progumansmatis potissimum Aphthonii (1596) (published in Mexico City as well)
* Ratio brevis et expedita conscribendi genera epistolarum (1602)
* Institutionis rhetoricae: ex progumannsmatis protissinaum Aphthonii atque ex Hermegis [sic] arte dictatae (1628) (1577)
* Oratio habita in Academia Valentina ad Philippum III, Margaritam Austicam, reges Albertum et Isabellam, Flandriae duces, qui praesentes scholis adstiterunt
* Ratio imitandi eandem periodum
** Critical edition: Victoria Pineda. "LA RATIO IMITANDI DE PEDRO JUAN NÚÑEZ". Romanische Forschungen. 105 (3/4), 1993, pp. 302–314.
# Pedro Juan Pepinyá

Pedro Juan Pepinyá, S.J. (1530 - October 28, 1566) was a Spanish Jesuit humanist who contributed to the development of the Jesuit Cursus Conimbricensis commentaries on Aristotle and who revised Cypriano Soarez' De arte rhetorica.

## Life

Pepinyá was born at Elche in Valencia to Melchior Pepinyá and Eleanora Clapes. He began his studies at a school in Oriheula, and later went to the University of Valencia where Juan Luis Vives had previously studied. There, Pepinyá studied under Pedro Juan Núñez; his other instructors included Juan de Celaya, Miguel Hieronymus, Jerome Ledesma, and Juan Blasius Navarro. Pepinyá received his bachelor's degree on July 6, 1541. He and his brother Luis joined the Jesuit order on September 30, 1551. He went to teach rhetoric at the Jesuit college in Lisbon, where he taught alongside Cypriano de Soarez. He regularly gave speeches, including the inaugural address at the University of Coimbra in October 1555. He was ordained a priest by Bishop João Nunes Barreto, Patriarch of Ethiopia the same month. He also delivered the funeral oration for Prince Luis, the brother of King John III of Portugal, in 1555. He then served as court preacher to the Queen from 1557 to 1559. In 1561 he went to help with the Jesuit College in Rome and befriended the Italian humanist Paolo Manuzio. In 1563 he was working on his own rhetoric treatise. His rules for student awards were incorporated into the Ratio Studiorum. In 1565 he made a revision of Soarez's De arte rhetorica. At the request of Francesco Adorno, he wrote De ratione liberorum instituendorum literis Graecis et Latinis (How to Teach Children Latin and Greek). Pepinyá disagreed strongly with the rhetorical innovations of Peter Ramus. Pepinyá died in Paris.

## Works

* Perpiña, Pedro Juan (1589). Petri Ioannis Perpiniani Valentini e. Societate: Iesu Orationes duodeuiginti (in Latin). Brixiae: apud Petrum Mariam Marchettum. Retrieved 21 May 2019.
# Cypriano de Soarez

Cypriano Soarez y Herrera, S.J. (1524–1593) was a sixteenth-century Spanish Jesuit who wrote De Arte Rhetorica, the first Jesuit rhetoric textbook.

## Life

Soarez was born in Ocaña in the Kingdom of Toledo. His mother was Lady Francesca de Hererra and Soarez had converso heritage. He joined the Jesuit order in Portugal on September 21, 1549, with the support of Fray Luis de Granada. He taught rhetoric in Jesuit schools, including the College of Saint Anthony in Lisbon and the Royal College of Coimbra. In Coimbra, he also served as a cook, porter, and sweeper. Emmanuel Alvarez, who would later write the first Jesuit Latin grammar handbook (De institutio grammatica libri tres), also worked with Soarez. He attained the office of Prefect of Studies in the College of Arts. Later, he attained the degree of doctor of theology at the Jesuit College of Evora, and became rector in the College of Braga. In 1580, he moved to Castile. With Francisco Suarez, Soarez was appointed to the committee to offer feedback on the Society's developing Ratio studiorum. He later died in Placentia.

## Works

Concerned that young students in Jesuit colleges were not ready for major rhetorical texts such as Aristotle's Rhetoric, Cicero's De Oratore, and Quintilian's Institutio Oratoria, Soarez wrote De arte rhetorica as digest of their work as an introduction for students still learning Latin.
Soarez wrote the first draft of the work around 1562; it was revised by fellow Jesuit Pedro Juan Pepinyá in about 1565.
The De arte rhetorica (1568) was organized in Aristotelian form but borrowed its content heavily from Cicero. Soarez intended the De arte rhetorica as an introductory digest that would introduce students to the principles of rhetoric and oratory; though students had learned Latin grammar, he found that they were not guaranteed to have facility reading “Quintilian, Cicero, Virgil, Sallust, and the other authors." The De arte rhetorica went through more than 75 printings from 1460 to 1700. This included printings in Mexico City. The Jesuit Ratio Studiorum marked Soarez' De arte rhetorica the required rhetoric handbook in the second semester of the Humanities course for students at Jesuit colleges all over the world.
# Henry Machyn

Henry Machyn (1496/1498 – 1563) was an English clothier and diarist in 16th century London.
Machyn's Chronicle, which was written between 1550 and 1563, is primarily concerned with public events: changes on the throne, state visits, insurrections, executions and festivities. Machyn wrote his diary during a turbulent period in England: the Reformation, initiated by Henry VIII and carried through by Edward VI, was followed by the return to Catholicism (and burning of heretics) under Queen Mary I of England. Judging from his enthusiastic account of the disinterment of Edward the Confessor in 1557, Machyn was apparently a Catholic himself. The brief reign of Lady Jane Grey, and the dangers of speaking up for the losing side, are duly recorded. He circulated libellous information about the Protestant preacher John Véron, for which he made penance at Paul's Cross in November 1561. Machyn's diary comes to an end in 1563, in all likelihood because of his death.
Machyn sold funeral trappings, which explains why so much of his diary is concerned with minute accounts of funerals in London. Very little is known of the author; he is remarkably absent from his own diary. On only two occasions does he refer to his own age (56 in 1554, 66 in 1562). He was parish clerk of Holy Trinity the Less and made entries in the church register.
The (mis)spelling in this diary gives a rare insight into the pronunciation of the times. That is to say (since there was no strictly correct spelling at that time) that the spelling used in the manuscript, if it represents Machyn's speech accurately and consistently, provides an insight into one of the many and various patterns of English pronunciation of his time.
# Zhu Fatai

Zhu Fatai (Chinese: 竺法汰; pinyin: Zhú Fǎtài; Cantonese Yale: Chu1 Faat3 Taai3; AD 320 – 387) was a Chinese Buddhist scholar of the Jin dynasty. He was a disciple of Dao'an and Fotucheng in the ancient city of Ye and taught at Jiankang.

## Biography

Born 320, he moved to Jiankang from what is now Yishui in Shandong. As a young man, he had studied with Dao'an at Ye under monk Fotu Cheng. Following his time under Fotucheng, he left Ye in or around 349 and followed Dao'an on his wanderings through the northern and central provinces. Dao'an and his followers were forced to flee to Xiangyang in 365; Dao'an sent Fatai to Jiankang. En route to Jiankang, Fatai fell ill and was treated by the governor of the region, Huan Huo, in Jingzhou, at which several of the disciples held heated debates about the theory of the non-existence of conscious thought; this topic would feature later in Zhu Fatai's only surviving writings.
Zhu Fatai lived in Jiankang during the same period as Zhu Sengfu (c. 300–370), another Buddhist master and teacher who had arrived in Jiankang as a refugee from the north. Zhu Fatai arrived at Waguan Temple (瓦官寺; Waguansi) around 365 AD with over forty disciples and was greatly influenced by Zhu Sengfu. Zhu Fatai's public discussions and lectures of the Prajnaparamita were so popular that they were attended by Emperor Jianwen of Jin, other high nobles and courtiers, and thousands of other people from across the region.
Like Dao'an, Zhu Fatai had an interest in monastic life; under his organization, Waguan grew from a small temple to one of the largest and most important monasteries in Jiankang. Zhu Fatai resided at Waguan for two decades, where he was one of the most well respected and well connected scholars and monks in the capital.

### Legacy

As students of secular works, Zhu Fatai's disciples included Tanyi and Tan'er, both experts of Laozi and I Ching. One of his early students was a young Daosheng, one of the foremost scholars of his lifetime. Zhu Fatai was also the teacher of Zhu Daoyi (d. 401), who founded the Huahu school.
# Francesco Xanto Avelli

Francesco Xanto Avelli (Rovigo, c. 1487? – c. 1542?) was an Italian ceramicist. He is best known for his painted maiolica works.

## Life

Xanto Avelli was born in Rovigo, in the Veneto, sometime in the late 1480s. Nothing at all is known of his origins, his teaching, or his early years; he is first recorded as working in Urbino in 1530, when he is mentioned in a notarial document describing attempts by a group of pottery workers, or interlaboratores artis figuli, to form an early trade union for the purpose of raising wages. 1530 is also the date on his earliest signed piece, a plate commemorating the coming new year. It is signed .f.X.A.R., and is further marked î Urbino.
At around this time Xanto married a woman called Finalissa, also in Urbino. Over the five years following he produced a large body of work; each piece was signed in various manners, and was dated and marked as a product of Urbino. Such consistency in signing his work was unusual at the time; there is some suggestion that the artist was blacklisted after the labor troubles of 1530, and that his choice to sign his works might be in some way related to his difficulties.
After 1535, Xanto seems to have become less prolific; his works, if signed, are marked in more cursory fashion. He also had a number of associates and followers working with him regularly, basing their style on his. The last documentary record of him comes in 1541, when he is known to have taken on two assistants; that year he also initialed a piece from the workshop of Francesco de Silvano. What later became of him is unknown.

## Work

It is not certain whether or not any of Xanto's earlier work has survived, as no unambiguously signed works bearing his signature have been found dating earlier than 1530. General scholarly opinion holds that a number of works dating back to 1524 are also by his hand. No tangible evidence exists suggesting their point of origin, although both Faenza and Urbino have been proposed by historians.
Xanto's signed works all date from between 1530 and 1542. Each bears his name and the date of the piece; many also were given ambitious tags explaining their meanings. The surviving pieces appear to be similar in nature, with the exception of the signatures, to most other maiolica ware produced in Urbino at the time. Xanto signed his works with a number of different variants of his own name; besides those with his full name, pieces signed fra Xanto in his hand are known to exist.
Besides being a ceramicist, Xanto was also a poet; in the 1530s he wrote a sequence of sonnets in praise of Francesco Maria I della Rovere, then duke of Urbino. An elegant fair copy survives in the Vatican Library.
# Karsan, Mazgirt

Karsan (Kurdish: Garsiyan) is a village in the Mazgirt District, Tunceli Province, Turkey. The village is populated by Kurds of the Hormek tribe and had a population of 131 in 2021.
The hamlet of Baltacık is attached to the village.
# HNLMS Harlingen

HNLMS Harlingen (Dutch: Hr.Ms. or Zr.Ms. Harlingen) may refer to the following ships of the Royal Netherlands Navy that have been named after Harlingen:
* HNLMS Harlingen (1983), an Alkmaar-class minehunter
* HNLMS Harlingen (M843), a Vlissingen-class mine countermeasures vessel
# John Writhe

John Writhe (died 1504) was a long-serving English officer of arms. He was probably the son of William Writhe, who represented the borough of Cricklade in the Parliament of 1450–51, and is most remembered for being the first Garter King of Arms to preside over the College of Arms. Writhe is also notable for the contention that it was he who developed the system of heraldic cadency employed by English officers of arms to the present day.

## Heraldic career

It has been claimed that Writhe began his career as Antelope Pursuivant or Rouge Croix Pursuivant under Henry V, but this is doubtful. By February 1474 he had been appointed Falcon Herald. On 25 January 1477 Edward IV made him Norroy King of Arms and on 6 July 1478, he was promoted to Garter Principal King of Arms. Writhe officiated at Edward's funeral in April 1483 and at Richard III coronation the following July. As Garter he also took part in the coronation of Henry VII who reappointed him on 13 February 1486 with back pay to the date of Bosworth.
Writhe was the first Garter of the College of Arms, which had been incorporated in March 1484. Contrary to popular belief, though, the College did not take its own coat of arms from Writhe; the converse is more likely. As Falcon and Garter he was employed on numerous diplomatic missions to Scotland and the continent, and at least once to Ireland. An experienced armorist, Writhe collected and compiled many important armorial and genealogical manuscripts. In 1498 King Henry VII granted him and Roger Machado, Clarenceux King of Arms, a joint licence to make visitations.

## Personal life

Writhe may have lived in Red Cross Street, adjoining Barbican House in London. After Writhe's death, his son Thomas styled him Sir John but there is no proof that he was ever knighted. His first marriage was to Barbara, daughter and heir of John Dunstanville. This union brought about the aforementioned Thomas (who was himself the father of Charles Wriothesley, Windsor Herald); William, York Herald; and two daughters, the elder of whom married John Mynne, another York Herald. Writhe died some time during May 1504 and was buried in St Giles-without-Cripplegate.

## Arms

Coat of arms of John Writhe :
* CrestOn a torse or & azure a dove close argent, beak & legs gules, crowned or.
* EscutcheonAzure, a cross or between 4 doves close argent, beaks & legs gules.
* BadgeA 'bugle' (buffalo) head erased sable goutty, horned, ringed & crowned or (sometimes used as crest).
* SymbolismOriginally the birds were doves, chosen in reference to the fourteenth-century theory that heralds should relinquish their paternal arms and take doves or other bearings alluding to their office. It has been suggested that the College of Arms based their coat on Writhe's but the converse is more likely.
# Najafabad, Faruj

Najafabad (Persian: نجف اباد, also Romanized as Najafābād and Nejafābād) is a village in Titkanlu Rural District, Khabushan District, Faruj County, North Khorasan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 732, in 231 families.
# Urua Inyang

Urua Inyang is a town located in Ika, local government area Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria It shares boundaries with two villages: Ikot Eseden and Ikot Usun.
The former Super Eagle keeper Vincent Enyeama hails from Urua Inyang.
# Mullah Attiya al-Jamri

Mullah Attiya al-Jamri (Arabic: الملا عطية الجمري, c.1899 – 29 August 1981) was a Bahraini khatib and poet.
Researcher Clive Holes translated two of Al-Jamri's poems into books, one of which was distributed to 11,000 teachers from different schools in the UK which meant that the short story was read by over 330,000 students. Al-Jamri is well recognized in Bahrain, the Gulf and Iraq for his poems about Imam Hussain and for his unique methods of reading lamentation poems during the month of Muharram.
# Peuple en marche

Peuple en marche (Arabic: شعب زاحف) is a 1963 documentary film.

## Synopsis

In 1962, René Vautier, together with some Algerian friends, organized an audiovisual formation center to encourage a "dialogue in images" between the two factions. A film was edited from that experience, but the French police partially destroyed it. The images that were saved represent an unprecedented historical document: They tell of the Algerian War and the history of the ALN (National Liberation Army), as well as showing life after the war and, particularly, the reconstruction of the cities and the countryside after the war of Independence.