OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Dityatyevo

Dityatyevo (Russian: Дитятьево) is a rural locality (a village) in Mayskoye Rural Settlement, Vologodsky District, Vologda Oblast, Russia. The population was 94 as of 2002. There are 2 streets.

## Geography

Dityatyevo is located 19 km northwest of Vologda (the district's administrative centre) by road. Akulovo is the nearest rural locality.
# Jay Hunt (director)

Jay Hunt (August 4, 1855 – November 18, 1932) was an American film director and actor. He directed nearly 70 films between 1911 and 1919. He continued his career as an actor until 1931. The White Squaw, a 1920 film directed by Hunt, was preserved by the Academy Film Archive in 2011.

## Formative years

Born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania on August 4, 1855, Hunt began his acting career at the Arch Street Theatre in that city, where he worked for Louisa Lane Drew.

## Career

According to the Hollywood Citizen-News, during his theatrical career, Hunt "had been associated with Otis Skinner, Edwin Booth, Mme. Modjecka, the Kiralfy Bros., Maud Granger, E. H. Sothern and was for 12 years director of the Bowdoyn Square Theater at Boston, Mass."

## Death

Following his death in Los Angeles, California on November 18, 1932, funeral services were held from him at a funeral home in that city. His former theatre company, Troupers, Inc., arranged and conducted his memorial. His widow, Leah Hunt, then brought his remains back to the East Coast when she relocated to East Orange, New Jersey.

## Selected filmography

* Star of the North (1914)
* The Man Who Went Out (1915)
* Civilization (1916)
* The Black Sheep of the Family (1916)
* The Promise (1917)
* My Lady Robin Hood (1919) - directed
* Yankee Speed (1924)
* Wanted by the Law (1924)
* Lightnin' (1925)
* Counsel for the Defense (1925)
* The Gentle Cyclone (1926)
* A Man Four-Square (1926)
* Men of the Night (1926)
* 3 Bad Men (1926)
* The Golden Web (1926)
* The Harvester (1927)
* The Overland Stage (1927)
* Captain Salvation (1927)
* The Poor Millionaire (1930)
* The Cheyenne Cyclone (1931)
# Gennady Lyachin

Gennady Petrovich Lyachin (Russian: Геннадий Петрович Лячин; 1 January 1955 – 12 August 2000) was a Russian navy officer. He was the commanding officer of the Russian submarine Kursk when the vessel suffered a series of explosions and sank on 12 August 2000.
Lyachin was born in Sarpinsky in Volgograd Oblast. He entered the Navy in 1972 and graduated from the Higher Naval School of Submarine Navigation named for Lenin Komsomol in 1977 and was commissioned as an officer. He served as a weapons officer aboard the diesel-electric Juliett class cruise missile submarine K-58. From 1984 to 1986, as Captain 3rd Rank, he served as the executive officer of the K-77, also a Juliett Class. In 1986 he attended Advanced Special Officers' Classes during which time he was promoted to Captain 2nd Rank.
In October 1988, Lyachin received his first command, the K-304 also a Juliett class. He held this position until the K-304 was decommissioned after the fall of the Soviet Union in 1991.
In April 1991, he was appointed executive officer of a nuclear submarine, the Project 949A Antey class (NATO reporting name Oscar-II) K-119 Voronezh and served aboard through 1996. He and the newly formed crew spent the time between September 1991 and March 1993 undergoing training in Obninsk.
Lyachin was promoted to the rank of Captain 1st Rank in 1996 and given command of the Voronezh's sister ship, the ill-fated K-141 Kursk, the very last Project 949A submarine to be completed, which had been commissioned only two years earlier. When the Kursk sank on August 12, 2000, Lyachin perished along with the rest of the 117 crew members.
President of the Russian Federation Vladimir Putin awarded the title of Hero of the Russian Federation to Lyachin posthumously "For courage and heroism, during performance of sailor's duties".
# Nikolai Zarubaev

Nikolai Platonovich Zarubaev (Russian: Никола́й Плато́нович Заруба́ев 1843–10 June 1912) was an Imperial Russian general in the Imperial Russian Army in Manchuria during the Russo-Japanese War.

## Biography

Zarubaev was educated at the Mikhailovsky Voronezh Cadet Corps and Second Constantine Military Academy and commissioned as an officer in the Imperial Guards Grenadier Regiment in 1868. He graduated from the General Staff Academy in 1870, and served in numerous staff positions. He was promoted to colonel in 1875. From 1885-1890, he commanded the 133rd Infantry Regiment.
In 1890, Zarubaev was promoted to major general and in 1899 was promoted to lieutenant general and given command of the 9th Infantry Division from 1900-1903, when he was made Deputy Commander of the Siberian Military District.
At the start of the Russo-Japanese War (1904–1905), Zarubaev was made commander of the Fourth Siberian Army Corps, which was composed of the Second and Third Siberian Reserve Brigades. He successfully repulsed attacks by Japanese general Yasukata Oku during the Battle of Tashihchiao, but was ordered to retreat by General Aleksey Kuropatkin rather than to follow up on his success. Likewise, at the Battle of Liaoyang, he successfully held his position against repeated Japanese attacks, but was again refused reinforcements by Kuropatkin and ordered to retreat. At the Battle of Shaho, his forces were largely held in reserve, and were used to reinforce the line covering Kuropatkin's retreat. During the Battle of Mukden, Zarubaev's forces held their positions for ten days from 12–22 February. From 23 February, Zarubaev commanded a combined force of both the Fourth Siberian Army Corps and the First Siberian Army Corps. However, this combined force was cancelled on 25 February, and after Kuropatkin was replaced by General Nikolai Linevich, Zarubaev was made temporary commander of the Russian First Manchurian Army.
After the end of the war, Zarubaev was seen as one of the prominent generals of the war, and was promoted to Adjutant General of the Infantry, and was awarded the Gold Sword for Bravery and Order of St. George, 4th degree.
From 1906-1909, he served as Inspector-General of the Infantry and chaired a committee tasked to improve the personnel and officer corps of the army. He became commander of the Odessa Military District on 24 December 1909, and died at Kislovodsk on 12 June 1912.
# Berteaucourt-les-Dames

Berteaucourt-les-Dames (Picard: Bértécourt-chés-Danmes) is a commune in the Somme department in Hauts-de-France in northern France.

## Geography

The commune is situated at the junction of the D12 and the D57 roads, between Amiens and Abbeville.

## Places of interest

* Benedictine Abbey of St. Mary (Abbaye Sainte-Marie de Berteaucourt).
# Amrudkan

Amrudkan (Persian: امرودكان, also Romanized as Amrūdkān) is a village in Borun Rural District, in the Eslamiyeh District of Ferdows County, South Khorasan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 129, in 67 families.
# Ally Sloper

Alexander "Ally" Sloper is the eponymous fictional character of the British comic strip Ally Sloper. First appearing in 1867, he is one of the earliest characters in comic strips.
Red-nosed and blustery, an archetypal lazy schemer often found "sloping" through alleys to avoid his landlord and other creditors, he was created for the British magazine Judy by writer and fledgling artist Charles H. Ross, and inked and later fully illustrated by his French wife Émilie de Tessier under the pseudonym "Marie Duval" (or "Marie Du Val"; sources differ).
The strips, which used text narrative beneath unbordered panels, premiered in the 14 August 1867 issue of Judy, a humour-magazine rival of the famous Punch. The highly popular character was spun off into his own comic, Ally Sloper's Half Holiday, in 1884.

## Artists

The first illustrations were by Ross, then Tessier took over. When publisher Gilbert Dalziel re-launched the cartoon as Ally Sloper's Half Holiday, in 1884, Sloper was illustrated by William Baxter until his death in 1888. He was succeeded by W. Fletcher Thomas, who continued the illustrations until approximately 1899, when the publisher invited C. H. Chapman to illustrate the series until it ended in 1916.

## Films

The highly popular character was spun off into his own comic, Ally Sloper's Half Holiday in 1884. Sloper appeared in three feature films and a wide array of merchandising from pocket watches to door stops. His popularity and influence led to his being used on occasion as a propaganda tool for the British government's policies. Sloper has also been cited as an influence on W. C. Fields and Charlie Chaplin's "little tramp" character and its imitators.
The arrival of the First World War in 1914 saw severe paper rationing, and in 1916 the Half Holiday comic ceased production. Attempts after the war to revive Sloper proved short-lived, as Sloper was a somewhat stereotypical Victorian and Edwardian type, and did not fit into the new post-war world.
# The Edit (film)

The Edit is a Canadian short film, directed by Michael Todd and released in 1985. The film centres on a television journalist who violates journalistic ethics by altering his story in the editing suite.
The cast includes Michael Magee, Paul de Silva, Richard Wells and Vincent Murray.
The film won the Genie Award for Best Live Action Short Drama at the 7th Genie Awards.
# Pavel Sorokin (conductor)

Pavel Sorokin (Russian: Павел Сорокин; born 14 August 1963) is a Russian conductor born into a strong family tradition of singers and dancers. His mother was a singer, Tamara Sorokina and his father, Shamil Yagudin, a dancer. In 1985 he entered the Moscow Conservatory studying piano under Lev Naumov and conducting in the class of Yury Simonov where he graduated with distinction in both. In 1998 he received the honorary title of Meritorious Artist from the Russian Federation for exceptional achievements in the arts.

## Career
### Early career

Sorokin joined Bolshoi Theatre in 1983 and worked there as a ballet accompanist till 1987. Since that year and till 1989 he worked as probationer at the Conservatoire de Paris where he was under guidance from Professor Jean-Sebastien Berreau. During the summer of the same year he joined Boston Symphony Orchestra's Tanglewood Festival at which he too kept his probationer job while being under guidance from Seiji Ozawa and Leonard Bernstein. When his term expired he got a certificate and was opted to perform in USA.

### Bolshoi Theatre

After Sorokin obtained his certificate he returned to Bolshoi Theatre. There, in 1991 he conducted his debut Petrushka which was followed by Prodigal Son and Le Corsaire in 1992 and 1994 respectively. During the same year he also was a conductor of La Sylphide and then worked as an assistant conductor for Mstislav Rostropovich who conducted Khovanshchina in 1996. Starting from beginning of the 21st century he conducted the first Yury Grigorovich's version of Swan Lake which was followed by Arik Melikov's A Legend of Love in 2002 and 2003's Raymonda and The Bright Stream.

### Other performances

Sorokin worked as chief conductor between 2000 and 2002 at Radio and Television State Symphony Orchestra and then held the same position at the Symphony Orchestra of Russia from 2003 to 2007. Since 2007 he works as guest conductor at the Royal Opera House of Covent Garden, Moscow Philharmonic Orchestra, and Łódź Philharmonic. He also works with various soloists such as Elena Obraztsova, Mstislav Rostropovich, Yevgeny Nesterenko and many others.

## Awards

* Merited Artist of Russia (1997)
* Award of the Novosibirsk branch of the Union of Theatrical Figures of the Russian Federation "Paradise" (2022)
* Award of the Government of Saint Petersburg in the field of culture and art in the nomination "Theatrical art" for staging of the ballet "Svetly Ruchey" (Russian: «Светлый ручей») at the Mikhailovsky Theater in 2023 (2024)

## Repertoire
### Opera

* Khovanshchina
* Eugene Onegin
* Iolanta
* The Tsar’s Bride
* The Golden Cockerel
* Lady Macbeth of Mtsensk
* Carmen
* The Barber of Seville
* Prince Igor
* The Nutcracker

### Ballet

* Giselle
* Swan Lake
* Raymonda
* The Bright Stream
* Bolt
* A Legend of Love
* Les Sylphides
* Carmen Suite
# Chandrakanta Abhidhan

Chandrakanta Abhidhan (Assamese:চন্দ্ৰকান্ত অভিধান,lit.'Chandrakanta Dictionary') is an Assamese Language to English dictionary, the third one published. It contains 36,816 words and was originally compiled and published by Asam Sahitya Sabha in 1933.
In 1987, the Gauhati University published a third edition of this dictionary, edited by Maheswar Neog and Upendranath Goswami. Chandrakanta Abhidhan is available online since 2009.
# Kheyrabad, Khaf

Kheyrabad (Persian: خيراباد, also Romanized as Kheyrābād) is a village in Bala Khaf Rural District, Salami District, Khaf County, Razavi Khorasan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 1,094, in 245 families.
# Beni Hasan funerary boat

The Ure Museum’s ancient Egyptian funerary boat is a 12th Dynasty, Middle Kingdom model boat; believed to have been manufactured between 1991–1786 BC. It was discovered during excavations in the group of tombs described as the ‘Tombs of the Officials’ at Beni Hasan, Egypt.

## Discovery

The model was found in the tomb of Keka and Hetep-bu (tomb number 886) during the 1902–04 excavations at Beni Hasan led by the archaeologist John Garstang, of the University of Liverpool, with local Egyptian workmen led by chief foreman Saleh abd El Nebi, of Awidat. Keka, a steward, and Hetep-bu laid to rest in a rock-cut tomb inside which the model was found, in addition to a small number of other small objects.

## The model

Made from wood and originally coated with plaster, the model is approximately 70 centimetres long. Six sitting oarsmen (with six oars), one sitting bowman, a standing coxswain (with rudder) and another standing figure make up the crew; all are painted to depict hair, skin and clothing. There are potentially a number of errors with the reconstruction of the object as no archive images of its original appearance have been traced, and a number of the crew are believed to be from different model entirely based upon their construction. A simple mast stands slightly offset of the centre of the boat. Due to degradation of the wood, detail is missing from the bow and stern of the hull.
The boat's profile is classed as a Reisner type II: ‘a river craft with curling stern and one rudder, dating from the Middle Kingdom’. The model depicts a vessel used in ancient Egypt for everyday transport, rather than a vessel used for religious purposes or for fishing (models of both being also commonly found in tombs). Being sans sail and with men at the oars the model represents a boat travelling north – down the Nile; the other model boat found alongside it was oar-less and fitted with a sail for travelling south – up the Nile – as per ancient Egyptian custom.
The model was entombed with the dead in the belief that it would be of use in the afterlife. Travel in ancient Egypt that was beyond walking-distance was completed almost always by boat. Boats played a major role in Egyptian religion, too, with the gods using them to traverse the sky and netherworld. Imagery of the dead using boats to undertake pilgrimage to the sacred site of Abydos was a popular tomb decoration, and both actual and model boats formed important parts of various religious observances.

## Later history

The model was purchased from the Liverpool Institute of Archaeology, along with a number of other items from excavations led by Garstang, by Percy Ure for the collection of the (then) Museum of Greek Archaeology (later to become the Ure Museum), at the University of Reading, in 1923. It is one of the more significant items in the collection, and has featured prominently in publicity material. It is currently housed in the ‘Egypt’ display in the museum, and is freely available to view by the public.
# Dikaya

Dikaya (Russian: Дикая) is a rural locality (a station) in Mayskoye Rural Settlement, Vologodsky District, Vologda Oblast, Russia. The population was 274 as of 2002. There are 2 streets.

## Geography

Dikaya is located 28 km west of Vologda (the district's administrative centre) by road. Markovo, Gorka is the nearest locality, Mesha is the nearest creek.
# Dale v Trustbank Waikato Ltd

Dale v Trustbank Waikato Ltd is an often cited case in New Zealand cases regarding promissory estoppel, requiring that the promise must be unequivocal for this doctrine to be successful.

## Background

Mr and Mrs Dale jointly owned a house in Tokoroa. In 1987 they successfully refinanced their mortgage with Trustbank Waikato. As part of the mortgage application, Trustbank made it compulsory for them to have mortgage protection insurance, which would pay out the sum of $30,000 in the case of death of one of the parties.
The couple filled out the insurance application, but for unknown reasons, Mr Dale simply put a dash in the date of birth field. Trustbank however, already knew his date of birth, as it was correctly stated in the original mortgage application.
When Trustbank forwarded on the insurance application to the underwriters GRE insurance, they refused to offer any insurance cover, due to the fact that Mr Dale was aged 73, and they did not insure anyone over the age of 55.
Trustbank, now realising this mistake, should have informed the Dales that they had no insurance cover, and not debit their bank account for the monthly premiums. Unbelievably, Trustbank did neither, and even more unbelievably kept debiting the Dale's bank account the monthly premium until Mr Dale died on 19 August 1989.
Mrs Dale, now a widow, then made a claim with Trustbank for the insurance. Trustbank's response was that as GRE had not issued them with an insurance policy, there was no insurance cover, and so no insurance payout would be forthcoming.
Trustbank's Tokoroa manager also claimed at this time that he had verbally advised the Dales earlier that there was no insurance cover, and that the premiums continued to be debited due to a clerical error.
Not happy with this development, and undoubtedly aided by her son who was a solicitor, Mrs Dale filed legal proceedings for breach of contract, breaches of the Credit Contracts Act and the Fair Trading Act, and for promissory estoppel.

## Held

10 months after the hearing, the judge finally released his decision. The judge did not believe that the manager had told the Dales that they had no insurance cover, as under cross examination he could not state even when he told the Dales this, there was no note on file to support this conversation had happened, and he had also admitted that he did not even follow up this conversation in writing to the Dales. The judge also found it difficult to believe that the premiums continued to be debited in error, considering they were overdrawn at the time, and it was the banks policy for such accounts to be personally monitored by the branch manager.
Consequently, the judge ruled in favour of Mrs Dale for breach of contract. The judge also ruled, in case the matter was later successfully appealed, that the bank was also liable as well under promissory estoppel. On this Penlington J said
   That to cure the underlying unconscionability, equity requires that the Dales’ expectation should be fulfilled. That expectation was mortgage repayment insurance, up to a sum of $30,000.
# Tricypha ochrea

Tricypha ochrea is a moth in the subfamily Arctiinae. It was described by George Hampson in 1901. It is found in Brazil.
# Vera Muratova

Vera Georgievna Muratova (Russian: Вера Георгиевна Муратова; born 3 July 1980) is a Russian Paralympic powerlifter. She won the bronze medal in the women's 79 kg event at the 2020 Summer Paralympics held in Tokyo, Japan. A few months later, Muratova won the silver medal in her event at the 2021 World Para Powerlifting Championships held in Tbilisi, Georgia.

## Career

Muratova finished in 4th place in the women's 67.5 kg event at the 2012 Summer Paralympics held in London, United Kingdom. She represented Russia at the 2012 Summer Paralympics and she competed at the 2020 Summer Paralympics under the flag of the Russian Paralympic Committee.
In 2014, Muratova won the bronze medal in her event at the IPC Powerlifting World Championships held in Dubai, United Arab Emirates. At the 2019 World Para Powerlifting Championships held in Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan, she won the bronze medal in the women's 86 kg event. In June 2021, she won the gold medal in her event with a new world record of 143 kg at the 2021 World Para Powerlifting World Cup event held in Dubai, United Arab Emirates.

## Achievements

| Year | Venue | Weight | Attempts (kg) | Attempts (kg) | Attempts (kg) | Total | Rank |
| Year | Venue | Weight | 1 | 2 | 3 | Total | Rank |
| Summer Paralympics ||||||||
| 2012 | London, United Kingdom | 67.5 kg | 107 | 111 | 116 | 111 | 4 |
| 2021 | Tokyo, Japan | 79 kg | 132 | 136 | 138 | 132 | |
# Tricypha popayana

Tricypha popayana is a moth in the subfamily Arctiinae. It was described by Paul Dognin in 1923. It is found in Colombia.
# Manaf

Manaf (Arabic: مناف Manāf ) may refer to:
Ancient Arab names based on the phrase Abd Manaf (lit. slave of Manaf):
* Abd Manaf ibn Qusai, great-great-grandfather of the Islamic prophet Muhammad
* Hashim ibn Abd Manaf great-grandfather of the Islamic prophet Muhammad
* Muttalib ibn Abd Manaf, one of the ancestors of the Sahaba (Muhammad's companions)
A modern male given name:
* Manaf Abushgeer (born 1980), Saudi Arabian football player
* Manaf Abd al-Rahim al-Rawi (died 2013), Iraqi jihadist
* Manaf Suleymanov (1912–2001), Azerbaijani writer
* Manaf Tlass (born 1964), Syrian general
# Pasajul Macca-Vilacrosse

Pasajul Macca-Vilacrosse is a fork-shaped, yellow glass covered arcaded street in central Bucharest, Romania. Câmpineanu Inn (Romanian: Hanul Câmpineanu) once stood in the place nowadays occupied by the passage.
The old Inn was bought by Petros Seraphim, who gifted it to two of his daughters as dowries. Daughter Polixena married in 1843 Xavier Vilacrosse, Chief Architect of Bucharest, 1840–1848, the Inn renamed after him. Daughter Anastasia married Mihalache Macca, who built luxury shops on their part. In the late 1880s, the city decided to buy the sites to build a Western style passage to relieve congestion. It was designed by architect Felix Xenopol, and opened in 1891.
Because the central part of the site was occupied by the Pesht Hotel, which the owner refused to sell, the passage was executed as a two-tined, fork-like shape with two wings around the two sides of the hotel. The narrow streets were covered with a glass roof, allowing the entry of natural light while providing shelter from the rain. The ground floor was meant for shops, while the rooms on the first floor were for rent. One branch of the passage was called Vilacrosse, while the other one was called Macca, after the old owners. The two-tined end opens onto Calea Victoriei, one of Bucharest's main avenues; the other end opens toward the National Bank in the historic Lipscani district.
Pasajul Macca-Vilacrosse hosted the first Stock Exchange House of Bucharest, before a larger and more appropriate structure was built. Between 1950 and 1990 the passage was called Pasajul Bijuteria ("Jewelry Store Passage"), but the initial name was restored afterwards.
Today it hosts several indoor/outdoor eating establishments, including an Egyptian-themed bar/restaurant, the Blues Cafe, a bistro, a Chinese restaurant and a wine bar.