OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Kathryn M. Daynes

Kathryn M. "Kathy" Daynes (born 1946) is a professor of history at Brigham Young University (BYU) and a historian of Mormonism, specializing in Mormon polygamy. She was president of the Mormon History Association in 2008 and 2009.
Daynes was born in 1946 and began her studies as an undergraduate at BYU in 1964. However, she interrupted her studies and resumed them about ten years later at DePauw University, where she received her bachelor's degree in history. She then went on to receive an M.A. and a Ph.D. in history, both from Indiana University Bloomington, completing the latter in 1991. Daynes has been an instructor or faculty member at BYU since 1991 and retired 2013.
Daynes is married to Byron (Bill) Daynes, a professor of political science at BYU. They are the parents of three children. Daynes was appointed the director of the Center for Family History and Genealogy at BYU in 2007.

## Writings

Daynes is the author of the book More Wives than One: Transformation of the Mormon Marriage System, 1840-1910. Among her major articles are "Annual Tax Rolls from the Revolution to 1850: Mining Deep for Genealogical Gold" in the Genealogical Journal 28, number 4 (December 2000), "Single Men in Polygamous Society: Male Marriage Patterns in Manti, Utah" in Journal of Mormon History 24 (Spring 1998), pages 89-111 and Family Ties: Belief and Practice in Nauvoo in the John Whitmer Historical Association Journal, 8 (1988) pages 63-75.
In addition to her studies on Mormon polygamy and its social aspects, Daynes has written on broader topics in the history of families and marriage in the United States.
# Tredegar General Hospital

Tredegar General Hospital (Welsh: Ysbyty Cyffredinol Tredegar) was a community hospital in Tredegar, Blaenau Gwent, Wales. It was managed by the Aneurin Bevan Local Health Board.

## History

In 1901, the Tredegar Medical Aid Society convened a public meeting to discuss the establishment of a hospital and eventually a committee of more than 30 members was set up to build and manage it. Land for the new hospital was donated by Lord Tredegar. Funding came from the Tredegar Iron and Coal Company, other local employers and organisations, private and public donations and by the workmen mainly from the pits who agreed to maintain the hospital by having an extra halfpenny a week deducted from their wages. It was opened as Tredegar Park Cottage Hospital in December 1904.
Walter Conway was employed as secretary of the Medical Aid Society from 1915 and contributed to making the community health scheme a success. A.J. Cronin, whose 1937 novel, The Citadel, brought much attention to Tredegar's grassroots healthcare system, worked as a doctor at the hospital during the early 1920s. Aneurin Bevan, founder of the National Health Service, became a member of the Cottage Hospital Management Committee around 1928 and was chairman between 1929 and 1930.
After services transferred to the new Ysbyty Aneurin Bevan in Ebbw Vale, Tredegar General Hospital closed in 2010. The health board has proposed that a Health and Wellbeing Centre be established on the site.
# Ekaterina Starshova

Ekaterina "Katya" Igorevna Starshova (Russian: Екатерина "Катя" Игоревна Старшова; born 28 October 2001) is a Russian actress known for playing the role of Polina "Pugovka" Vasnetsova in the Russian sitcom Daddy's Daughters.

## Early life

Katya Starshova was born on October 28, 2001, in Moscow. She currently participates in the Junior Ballet on Ice 'Aleko'. She represented Russia in an international dance competition in Paris and reached second place.

## Acting career

In 2007, the then 6-year old Starshova was given the role of Polina "Pugovka" Vasnetsova in the Russian TV series Daddy's Daughters (Russian: Папины дочки), alongside Andrei Leonov, Nonna Grishaeva, Miroslava Karpovich, Anastasia Sivaeva, Darya Melnikova and Elizaveta Arzamasova.
Starshova has also appeared in commercials and other TV shows. In 2009, she played Tanya in Black Lightning (Russian: Чёрная Молния).

## Filmography

* 2007–2013: Daddy's Daughters TV series as Polina "Pugovka" Vasnetsova
* 2007: Mermaid
* 2009: Black Lightning as Tanya Maykova
# Yakov Korotayev

Yakov Nikolaevich Korotayev (Russian: Яков Николаевич Коротаев (Каратаев)) (1892, Onon-Borzya railway station - 1937) was a Soviet partisan in Transbaikal during the Russian Civil War.
He was a Baikal Cossack and participant of World War I in the Persian Campaign. After the end of the war Korotayev returned to Transbaikal and joined the Soviets in their struggle against Ataman Grigory Semyonov on the Transbaikal Front. After the fall of the Soviets in Siberia in the summer of 1918 he was one of the founders of the Altagachansky Commune, the nucleus of the Partisan resistance to Grigory Semyonov's troops and the Japanese Expeditionary Corps. In December 1919 Koroayev headed the 1st Cavalry Regiment. After Pavel Zhuravlev's death he was appointed the commander-in-chief of the Eastern Transbaikalian Front. At the outbreak of the three operations of retaking Chita all partisan formations were reorganized into regular troops and Korotayev headed the Transbaikal Cavalry Division named after him. He was decorated with the Order of the Red Banner.
After the Russian Civil War Korotayev served at many military posts. He was repressed and shot during the Purge of 1937-1938.
# Kamchy Kolbayev

Kamchy Asanbekovich Kolbayev (Russian: Камчибек Асанбекович Кольбаев; Kyrgyz: Камчыбек Асанбек уулу Көлбаев; 3 August 1974 – 4 October 2023) was an alleged crime boss in Kyrgyzstan. Crimes he was linked to include heroin trafficking . The US State Department in 2007 said he was "considered to be the leader of the most influential criminal heroin group in the country", and in 2012 US President Obama named Kolbayev "a significant foreign narcotics trafficker", operating as part of the so-called Brothers' Circle criminal society. He was subsequently added to the US Treasury's list of Specially Designated Nationals, preventing him from doing business in the US. The United States sought to dismantle ties to banking and finance that Kolbayev or his associates have constructed.
The new government, more hostile to organized crime, detained Kolbayev for a short period of time later releasing him without charge. This was not the first time Kyrgyz authorities have decided against branding Kolbayev a criminal; in 2007 a police investigation of his activities was ordered to cease by the then Minister of the Interior. Kolbayev may have spent time in a Kyrgyz prison earlier in his life, however.
After the death of Rysbek Akmatbayev in 2006, Kamchy was allegedly crowned a thief in law in a ceremony attended by Vyacheslav Ivankov.
In 2011, Kolbayev was detained in Abu Dhabi. Kyrgyzstan requested his extradition, but this was not granted; he was released in September 2011.
Kolbayev was mentioned in the batch of US leaked diplomatic cables in 2010.
Kolbayev was killed in Bishkek by Kyrgyz officers in a security operation on 4 October 2023. He was 49.
Salim Abduvaliev allegedly was the financier of Kolbayev.
# FC Ritm Alekseyevka

FC Ritm Alekseyevka (Russian: Ритм Алексеевка) was a Russian football team from Alexeyevka. It played professionally in 1991, 1992 and 1995. Their best result was 8th place in Zone 2 of the Russian Second Division in 1992.

## Team name history

* 1991–1992: FC Ritm Belgorod (according to some sources, there is no connection between FC Ritm Belgorod and FC Ritm Alekseyevka)
* 1994–1996: FC Ritm Alekseyevka
# Oktyabr', Jalal-Abad Region

Oktyabr' (Kyrgyz: Октябрь) is a big village in Jalal-Abad Region of Kyrgyzstan. It is part of the Suzak District. Its population was 10,665 in 2021.

## History

The village was established in summer 1905. In spring 1906, several tens of migrant families from Ukraine, Siberia and Don settled down in the area. As an aryk for drinking and irrigation was constructed from Kök-Janggak, a new village was originally linked with and named after this settlement. On 26 September 1910, the village that grew up to 149 households was renamed to Ivanovka for one of the first migrants. In autumn 2010, the land surveyors documented a settlement with irrigated land and pastures including four streets, shop, school and church. In 1923, three new streets were documented. In February 1923, the settlement was renamed to Octyabr' after the October Revolution. At that time it was populated mostly by Russians and Ukrainians. In 1933, the railway from Jalal-Abad to Kök-Janggak was built through the settlement.
# Battle of Tuulos

The Battle of Tuulos (Finnish: Tuuloksen taistelu) took place between Finland and the Soviet Union during the Continuation War of 1941 and the Finnish reconquering of Ladoga Karelia. The Finnish commander of the 23rd Infantry Regiment successfully breached Soviet perimeters and destroyed Soviet artillery pieces and supply lines with little Soviet resistance. The attack was assisted by the Finnish Air Force, which bombed Soviet positions and assisted the 23rd Infantry Regiment.
# Tong Wei (artist)

Tong Wei (September 1929 - July 12, 2017, Chinese: 佟韦), formerly known as Tong Yupeng (Chinese: 佟遇鹏), was a Chinese artist. He was a native of Changtu County, Liaoning Province.

## Biography

In 1949, he graduated from the North China People's Revolutionary University (Chinese: 北京华北人民革命大学) in Beijing. From July 1949, worked for a long time in the China Federation of Literary and Art Circles and the Ministry of Culture, serving as deputy director of the office of the China Federation of Literary and Art Circles and director of the Department of Organization and Association. In 1981, responsible for the founding of the Chinese Calligraphers' Association (Chinese: 中国书法家协会), served as secretary-general of the first Congress of Calligraphers, and successively served as secretary-general of the Chinese Calligraphers' Association, and vice-chairman of the Chinese Calligraphers' Association. In July 2017 Died in Beijing on July 12, 2017, at the age of 88.
# Estonian Curling Association

Estonian Curling Association (abbreviation ECA; Estonian: Eesti Curlingu Liit) is one of the sport governing bodies in Estonia which deals with curling. It was established in 2002. The president of ECA is Rainer Vakra.
ECA is a member of World Curling Federation and Estonian Olympic Committee.
# Nur al-Din Nimatullah al-Jazayiri

Sayyid Nur al-Din bin Ni'matallah al-Musawi al-Jazayiri (Arabic: نور الدين بن نعمة الله الموسوي الجزائري, romanized: Nūr al-Dīn bin Niʻmatallāh al-Jazāʼirī); 1677 – 29 December 1745) was a Safavid Iranian Ja'fari jurist, linguist and writer. He excelled in both Sharia and Arabic language sciences in the early decades of the 18th century, that is, the end of the Safavid Empire. A renowned Iranian Arab writer and orator in his time, he was born in Shushtar to Ni'matollah al-Jazayiri, a prominent Safavid Ja'fari jurist. He studied in Isfahan from Al-Hurr al-Amili and obtained an Ijazah. Then assumed religious leadership of Shushtar, succeeded his deceased father, and worked as khatib, naqib, imam, qadi and teacher. Al-Jazayiri wrote some books, booklets, exegesis and prose texts on different topics of his specialties. He died at the age of 68 in his hometown, Shushtar.

## Biography

Nur al-Din al-Musawi al-Jazayiri was born in Shushtar in 1088 AH/ 1677 AD, a city of Arabistan during Safavid Empire, and grew up there into a notable Musawi family. He studied under his father first, Ni'matollah al-Jazayiri until he died in 1701. With his maternal uncle Saleh bin Ata'allah, he had made pilgrimage to Imam Reza shrine in Mashhad. On the way back, he settled in Isfahan and continued his religious education there. He studied from ulema of Isfahan, including: Al-Hurr al-Amili, Ismail Husseini Khatunabadi, Muhammad Saleh Khatunabadi and the others, until he completed his education in Ja'fari jurisprudence and gained Ijazah from al-Amili.
After years he returned to his hometown, Shushtar. He assumed religious leadership there, succeeded his deceased father. He worked as khatib, naqib, imam, qadi and teacher. He made many trips in Iran, performed the Hajj, and in Hejaz he met some ulema.
Nur al-Din al-Jazayiri died on the night of 6 Dhu al-Hijjah 1158 / 29 December 1745 at the age of 68 in Shushtar. He was buried near its Great Mosque, and a shrine built for his grave.

## Writings

In Arabic literature, he wrote prose texts in the epilogue of his book Furūq al-lughāt, which topics are different between preaching, storytelling, riddles, al-ikhwaniyat, khutbah, linguistics, etc.Among his works in Arabic are:
* Arabic: كتاب فی النحو مبسوط إلی باب التمییز
* Arabic: رسالة فی شكوك الصلاة
* Arabic: رسالة فی حل بعض الأحادیث المشكلة
* Arabic: رسالة فی أحكام الطهارات
* Arabic: مفتاح الصحبة فی شرح النخبة
* Arabic: ترجمة الشرح الزبور
* Arabic: ترجمة قصص الأنبیاء by his father, Ni'matullah
* Arabic: ترجمة وصیة هشام
* Arabic: فروق اللغات في التمييز بين مفاد الكلمات, romanized: Furūq al-lughāt fī al-tamyīz bayna mufād al-kalimāt
* Arabic: كتاب السیفیة فی اللغز
# Ska stroke

The ska stroke up or ska upstroke, skank or bang, is a guitar strumming technique that is used mostly in the performance of ska, rocksteady, and reggae music. It is derived from a form of rhythm and blues arrangement called the shuffle, a popular style in Jamaican blues parties of the 1940s, 1950s and 1960s.

## History
### Origin

As evidenced by musicologist Bruno Blum in the Jamaica–USA – Roots of Ska – Rhythm and Blues Shuffle 1942–1962 scholar anthology, the shuffle's offbeat/upbeat stroke ("chuck", "skank") was originally played on the piano in U.S. groups like Louis Jordan & His Tympani Five ("It's a Low-Down Dirty Shame", 1942; "G.I. Jive", 1944; "Choo Choo Ch'Boogie", 1946; "Boogie Woogie Blue Plate", 1947), Gene Philips and the Rhythm Aces ("Rock Bottom", 1947), T-Bone Walker ("T-Bone Shuffle", 1947), Gene Coy & His Killer Dillers ("Killer Diller", 1948, Professor Longhair ("Willie Mae", 1949), Fats Domino ("Little Bee", 1950), Rosco Gordon ("No More Doggin", 1952) and B.B. King ("You Upset Me Baby", 1954), all popular records on 1950s Jamaican dancehalls.

### Early recordings

The shuffle's upbeat stroke was played and recorded on the guitar as early as 1950 by U.S. guitar player Robert Kelton with singer-pianist Jimmy McCracklin and his Blues Blasters ("Rockin' All Day"). Jamaican musicians copying this style for the early Jamaican R&B shuffle recordings of the late 1950s played the shuffle either on the guitar and the piano or both, as heard in recordings such by The Duke Reid Group ("The Joker", Duke Reid, 1959), Theophilus Beckford ("Easy Snappin', "Worldisc, 1959), Clue J & His Blues Blasters ("Silky", Coxsone 1960), Count Ossie & the Wareikas ("African Shuffle", Moodies, circa 1960) and on Bob Marley's debut single "Judge Not" (Beverley's, 1962).

### Development and genres

By late 1962, a slight change in Lloyd Knibb's drum rhythm was the landmark for the birth of ska, but the shuffle played on the piano and guitar remained the same. Theophilus Beckford is often credited as the piano player on early Jamaican R&B recordings; Ernest Ranglin and Jerry Hinds as guitar players. The shuffle shifted to ska in 1962, then to rocksteady by 1965 and reggae in 1968. "Reggae is most easily recognized by...the skank."

### Musical features and impact

Ska strokes serve as a rhythmic base to a song, and may be doubled by the drums. This style of playing has a dance associated with it, the skank. In reggae, the guitar usually plays a short, percussive, "scratchy chop sound [chord]", on beats 2 and 4 (1 2 3 4), often supported by staccato piano (late 1960s to the early 1980s) or synthesizer. Play Ska strokes create a bouncing rhythm, going up then down in pitch. Played in $^4$ $_4$ time (𝄆1 & 2 & 3 & 4 & 𝄇), the chosen guitar chord is played on the downbeat (indicated by numbers), and then a ghost note is played on the upbeat (indicated by ampersands) by lifting the left hand off the fret a few millimeters. However, most traditional ska is focused on the upbeat; playing on the downbeat is more closely associated with reggae, where the ska strokes are played much more slowly as opposed to ska.
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# Terlet Airfield

Terlet Airfield (Dutch: Vliegveld Terlet) (ICAO: EHTL) is a small airfield in the Netherlands 2.5 NM (4.6 km; 2.9 mi) north of Arnhem in Gelderland and close to Deelen Air Base. It is used mainly by gliders and motor gliders, as well as some light aircraft such as the Aviat Husky, mainly used as tugs for the gliders. It has six grass winchtracks, 04L/22R, 04C/22C, 04R/22L, 12/30, 14R/32L and 14L/32R. Motorised aircraft are allowed to operate from one strip only and only when prior permission is obtained.
The field was founded in 1952 by the Koninklijke Nederlandse Vereniging voor Luchtvaart (Royal Dutch Foundation for Aviation) to promote glider flying, though glider flying has taken place from the area since 1932. It is now home to the largest glider flying association in the Netherlands. Active gliding clubs on Terlet are: Zweefvliegclub Rotterdam, Zweefvliegclub Deelen, Gelderse Zweefvlieg Club, Delftse Studenten Aeroclub, Gliding Adventures Europe, Kennemer Zweefvlieg Club, the EZZC, ZHVC and Zweefvliegclub Ameland.
# Inchyra

Inchyra (/ɪnˈtʃaɪrə/; Scottish Gaelic: An Innis Iarach "the west isle") is a hamlet in the Carse of Gowrie in Scotland. It lies on the northern bank of the River Tay near Perth and is notable particularly for a number of archaeological finds made in the immediate vicinity.

## Geography

Inchyra lies on the northern bank of the River Tay to the south of the A90. It is approximately 5 kilometres (3.1 mi) east of Perth and 20 kilometres (12 mi) west-south-west of Dundee. It is situated close to St Madoes. It is the only L-shaped village in Scotland. It is surrounded by farmland.

## Toponymy

In common with a number of villages in the Carse of Gowrie, Inchyra has the Celtic placename element innis meaning "island". Carses such as the Carse of Gowrie are estuarine landforms that have been uplifted by isostatic rebound following the last glacial period. It is likely that Inchyra was an island in the firth of Tay at the time of its settlement.

## Inchyra Stone

In 1945 a class I Pictish stone was unearthed during ploughing in a field at Inchyra. The stone is inscribed with a variety of Pictish symbols, including a double disc, mirror and comb, two fish and a serpent as well as an Ogham inscription. It is now on display at Perth Museum.

## Roman archaeology

In June 1993, a small hoard of eight Roman Denarii coins were discovered at Inchyra, subsequently being declared as treasure trove and placed in Perth Museum. A Roman brooch with blue enamel inlay has also been found in river silt at Inchyra, again now displayed at Perth Museum.
# Batchuluuny Anar

Batchuluuny Anar (Mongolian: Батчулууны Анар; born 29 December 1985) is a Mongolian professional footballer. He made his first appearance for the Mongolia national football team in 2007.
# Wolf-class destroyer

The Wolf- or Fret-class destroyers, also known as the Roofdier class, lit. "predator", were a class of eight destroyers that were built between 1910 and 1913 for the Royal Netherlands Navy to serve in the Dutch East Indies. They were the first Dutch destroyers built after a British design. The first six ships were built by Koninklijke Schelde Groep De Schelde shipyards in Vlissingen, and the last two by Fijenoord in Rotterdam. The ships were replaced at the end of the 1920s by the Admiralen class.

## Design

The ships displaced 510 tonnes (502 long tons) and measured 70.4 metres (231 ft 0 in) in length overall, 6.6 m (21 ft 8 in) in breadth, with a 2 m (6 ft 7 in) draught. They were powered by four Yarrow boilers installed creating steam that produced 8,500 horsepower (6,300 kW). They had two Krupp-Germania steam turbines that drove two shafts. The first four ships, Wolf, Fret, Bulhond, and Jakhals, each carried 120 t (120 long tons; 130 short tons) of coal, the last four, Lynx, Hermelijin, Vos, and Panter, carried an additional 12.5 t (12.3 long tons; 13.8 short tons) of fuel oil in addition to the 120 t of coal. This gave the last four ships an additional 340 nautical miles (630 km; 390 mi) of endurance.
The ships were armed with four 75-millimetre (3 in)/52-calibre guns, four 7.92 mm (0.31 in)/80-calibre machine guns, and two 450 mm (18 in) torpedo tubes.

## Ships

| Name | Laid down | Launched | Completed | Builder | Fate |
| Wolf | 1909 | 17 September 1910 | 1911 | Koninklijke Maatschappij de Schelde, Flushing | Stricken 1924 |
| Fret | 1909 | 15 October 1910 | 1911 | Koninklijke Maatschappij de Schelde, Flushing | Stricken 1922 |
| Bulhond | 1910 | 20 December 1911 | August 1912 | Koninklijke Maatschappij de Schelde, Flushing | Stricken 1927 |
| Jakhals | 1910 | 20 January 1912 | July 1912 | Koninklijke Maatschappij de Schelde, Flushing | Stricken 1928 |
| Hermelijn | 1911 | 22 February 1913 | July 1913 | Koninklijke Maatschappij de Schelde, Flushing | Stricken 1925 |
| Lynx | 1911 | 24 December 1912 | July 1913 | Koninklijke Maatschappij de Schelde, Flushing | Stricken 1928 |
| Vos | 1912 | 28 June 1913 | February 1914 | Feijenoord, Schiedam | Stricken 1928 |
| Panter | 1912 | 9 September 1913 | March 1914 | Feijenoord, Schiedam | Stricken 1934 |
They are named after mammals of the order Carnivora (Roofdieren is a synonym for carnivore in Dutch). Their names in English, in the sequence listed, mean: wolf, ferret, bulldog, jackal, ermine, lynx, fox and panther.
# Roman Slavnov

Roman Aleksandrovich Slavnov (Russian: Роман Александрович Славнов; born 28 April 1982) is a former Russian professional footballer.

## Club career

He made his debut in the Russian Premier League in 2003 for FC Torpedo-Metallurg Moscow.
# Ron Levy

Ron Levy (born Reuvin Zev ben Yehoshua Ha Levi, May 29, 1951) is an American electric blues musician and composer.
Levy was born in Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States. He primarily plays piano and organ. Levy grew up in Brookline, Massachusetts, and began playing the piano after seeing Ray Charles in concert at age 13. He later switched to playing a Hammond organ. After gaining experience playing in Boston nightclubs, Levy was hired by Albert King in 1968. After an eighteen-month association, Levy joined B. B. King's backing band. Throughout the years, Levy has performed and recorded with a wide range of blues, funk, and jazz musical groups, notably including Roomful of Blues (1983 – 1987) and Ron Levy's Wild Kingdom (1988 – 2014).
After learning and refining his studio chops with Hammond Scott's Blacktop Records in New Orleans, Levy became the in-house record producer and co-founder, A&R for Rounder Records' Bullseye Blues record label, where he was nominated nine times for a Grammy Award as producer. He then recorded and produced 16 albums for his own label Cannonball Records from 1997 to 2000. He has since released numerous albums on his own imprint Levtron.com Records. Levy wrote in 2013 the book, Tales of A Road Dog - The Lowdown Along the Blues Highway (self-published by Levtron.com). Today, he teaches, records, produces and performs with his soul-jazz-blues Hammond organ based group, Ron Levy's Wild Kingdom Trio.

## Discography

* Ron Levy's Wild Kingdom (Black Top 1034, 1986)
* Safari to New Orleans (Black Top 1040, 1988)
* B-3 Blues and Grooves (Bullseye Blues 9532, 1993)
* Zim Zam Zoom: Acid Blues on B-3 (Bullseye Blues 9570, 1996)
* GreaZe is What's Good (Cannonball 27104, 1998)
* Ron Levy's Wild Kingdom Live! (Levtron 201, 2001)
* Green Eyed Soul (Levtron 202, 2002)
* Finding My Way (Levtron 203, 2003)
* After Midnight Grooves (Levtron 204, 2004)
* Best of Ron Levy's Wild Kingdom: B-3 Organic Grooves (Levtron 205, 2004) compilation of #201/202/203
* VooDoo BoogaLoo (Levtron 206, 2005)
* Funky Fiesta! (Levtron 207, 2012)
* Rumbango! (Leytron, 2018)
With B.B. King
* Live in Cook County Jail (ABC S-723, 1970; CD reissue: MCA 11769, 1998)
* Live in Japan (ABC-King [Japan] GW-131, 1971 [2LP]; CD reissue: MCA 11810, 1999)
* L.A. Midnight (ABC X-743, 1972; CD reissue: Beat Goes On/BGO 853, 2009)
* Guess Who (ABC X-759, 1972; CD reissue: MCA 10351, 1991)
With Earl King
* Glazed (Black Top 1035, 1986)
With Roomful of Blues
* Live at Lupo's Heartbreak Hotel (Varrick 024, 1987)