OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Doyen Bridel

Philippe-Sirice Bridel (also Philippe Cyriaque), known as le Doyen Bridel (20 November 1757 – 20 May 1845) was a man of letters, advocate of Swiss folklore, active during the development of Swiss national identity.

## Biography

Bridel was born on 20 November 1757 in Begnins. He served as a pastor at Basel, Château-d'Oex and Montreux. He began writing poetry in 1782 and is considered the earliest Vaudois poets by virtue of his Poèsies helvtiennes (1782). He is known for his work on Swiss history and linguistics, specifically for his glossary of the patois of French-speaking Switzerland, published posthumously in 1866. However he is better known as the painter of the scenery and people among whom he worked as pastor.
Bridel's Course de Bâle à Bienne par les vallées du Jura appeared in 1802, while descriptions of his travels, as well as of the manners of the natives, local history, and in short everything that could stimulate national sentiment, were issued in a series of periodicals from 1783 to 1831 under the successive titles of Etrennes helvétiennes and of Conservateur suisse. His patriotic aim met with great success, while his impressions of his mountain wanderings are fresh and unspoilt by any straining after effect.
Bridel was the first writer of the Suisse Romande to undertake such wanderings, so that, with obvious differences, he may be regarded not merely as the forerunner, but as the inspirer and model of later Vaudois travellers and climbers in the Alps, such as Rodolphe Töpffer, of Eugène Rambert, and Rambert's pupil, Émile Javelle (1844–1883), whose articles were collected in 1886 by his friends under the title of Souvenirs d'un alpiniste.
Bridel died on 20 May 1845 in Montreux, at the age of 87.
# The Bushwackers (film)

The Bushwhackers is a 1952 American Western film directed by Rod Amateau and starring John Ireland, Wayne Morris, Lawrence Tierney, Dorothy Malone, Lon Chaney Jr. And Myrna Dell.

## Plot

Tired of killing, war veteran Jefferson Waring rides west, but in Missouri he sees "squatters" mowed down by men working for rich, ruthless Artemus Taylor.
He spends the night at Independence newspaperman Peter Sharpe's place, but is jailed when daughter Cathy Sharpe finds this total stranger in her room. The local marshal, John Harding, is just one of many men on Taylor's payroll.
Peter's business is threatened by banker Stone unless he takes Taylor's side against "squatters" settling in the region. The blind and wheelchair-using Taylor and ambitious daughter Norah are secretly aware that railroad surveyors are considering laying tracks nearby, so they want all the land for themselves.
Jeff decides to leave. Norah and henchman Ding Bell intercept him; Norah shoots at him but misses. They take him to see Artemus, who tells a vocally reluctant Bell to take Jeff off to a remote canyon and murder him. Under Norah's instructions, Artemus's chief thug Sam Tobin goes after them to murder both; he wounds Jeff and kills Bell, but not before Bell hits him with a fatal shot. A doctor treats Jeff's wounds but Marshall Harding turns up and charges Jeff with the two killings.
When the situation escalates and two of Taylor's thugs gun down Peter Sharpe, Jeff breaks out of jail and organizes a group of settlers to resist Taylor's planned big attack. The settlers slaughter Taylor's thugs; Taylor dies of a heart attack; Norah, having shot and she thinks killed banker Justin Stone in order to get some getaway money, is killed by him as she leaves. Jeff stays in town to run the paper with Cathy.

## Cast

* John Ireland as Jefferson Waring
* Wayne Morris as Marshal John Harding
* Lawrence Tierney as Sam Tobin
* Dorothy Malone as Cathy Sharpe
* Lon Chaney Jr. as Artemus Taylor (as Lon Chaney)
* Myrna Dell as Norah Taylor
* Frank Marlowe as Peter Sharpe
* William Holmes as "Ding" Bell (as Bill Holmes)
* Jack Elam as Cree
* Ward Wood as Second Henchman (as Bob Wood)
* Charles Trowbridge as Justin Stone
* Norman Leavitt as Deputy Yale
* Stuart Randall as Slocum
* George Lynn as Guthrie
* Gordon Wynn as John Quigley (as Gordon Wynne)
* Gabriel Conrad as Kramer
* Eddie Parks as Funeral Franklin
* Bob Broder as Tommy Lloyd
# Baghdasht

Baghdasht or Bagh Dasht or Bagh-e Dasht (Persian: باغ دشت) may refer to:
* Bagh Dasht, Fars
* Baghdasht, Gilan
* Bagh Dasht, Mazandaran
* Baghdasht, Qazvin
# Rotraut Wisskirchen

Rotraut Wisskirchen (23 June 1936 – 1 August 2018) was a German Biblical archaeologist.
Wisskirchen was born on 23 June 1936 in Hagen and studied law in Munich and Bonn; then she worked from 1965 to 1967 as a lawyer in the Federal Ministry of Housing and Urban Development. She was married to the lawyer Alfred Wisskirchen, with whom she had two daughters, also lawyers.
In 1981 she began studying Christian Archeology, Ancient Church History and Patrology at the University of Bonn, graduating in 1989 with Josef Engemann. The topic of the dissertation was The mosaic program of S. Prassede in Rome. Iconography and iconology. From 1989 to 2017 she was a regular lecturer at the Universities of Bonn, Mainz, Cologne, Bochum and Wuppertal. Through regular annual excursions to the archaeologically relevant sites, she made sure that students got to know the scenes of late antique history in southern Europe and the Middle East from their own point of view. In 2000, the Catholic Theological Faculty of the University of Bochum appointed her - as the second woman and first Protestant - honorary professor. In 2011, she was awarded the Cross of Merit on the ribbon of the Order of Merit of the Federal Republic of Germany.
# Idah Lik

Idah Lik (Persian: ايده ليك, also Romanized as Īdah Līk; also known as Īdalīk, Igdālīq, and Īldalīk) is a village in Kabud Gonbad Rural District, in the Central District of Kalat County, Razavi Khorasan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 914, in 227 families.
# Smólska

Smólska is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Załuski, within Płońsk County, Masovian Voivodeship, in east-central Poland.
# Tayseer Najjar

Tayseer Najjar (Arabic: تيسير النجار) (1975 – 19 February 2021) was a Jordanian journalist who was convicted in the United Arab Emirates (UAE) and given a three-year prison term for violating the country's defamation law. He was sentenced under Article 29 of the United Arab Emirates cyber crime law, by posting comments on the social network Facebook expressing support to armed groups in Gaza and criticising the UAE's support of Egypt's decision to destroy Hamas tunnels in the 2014 Israeli aggression on Gaza. Tayseer was due to be released on 13 December 2018, and was facing a fine of AED 500,000, equivalent to US$136,000. Tayseer's sentence was extended six more months because he was unable to pay the fine. On 12 February 2019, Najjar was released from prison and returned to his home country, Jordan. His fine was pardoned.

## Background

According to Human Rights Watch, Najjar was convicted on the basis of his Facebook posts written before he moved to the UAE and criticism on phone calls with his wife. Reportedly, his critical conversations with his wife over the telephone were cited by the trial judgment without disclosing how the UAE authorities obtained records of the calls. Human Rights Watch stated that Najjar's rights to due process and a fair trial were violated by the UAE authorities by not allowing him to access a lawyer including during interrogations, for more than a year. Najjar wrote on Facebook:
   "Message to some journalists and writers who do not like the Gazan resistance, there is no two rights in one case, but the right one is the Gazan resistance and all else is bad – such as Israel, the UAE, [Egyptian President Abdel Fattah] el-Sisi and other regimes that are no longer ashamed of shame itself."
Najjar was questioned about expressing his support for armed groups.

## Death

He died on 19 February 2021 in Amman, due to a pre-existing heart condition.
# Lydie Schmit

Lydie Schmit (31 January 1939 – 7 April 1988) was a Luxembourgish politician and teacher.
Schmit joined the Luxembourg Socialist Workers' Party in 1970. By 1974, she had been chosen as President of the party: a position that she held until 1980. She entered public office in 1976, when she was joined the communal council of Schifflange, of which she remained a member until her death. She entered the Chamber of Deputies in 1979, but only served for a year before leaving the office to work for the Socialist International, of which she was vice-president, as well as President of the Socialist International Women. She left these positions in 1984 to stand, and be elected, in the European election of that year. She sat in the European Parliament for four years, but died of cancer at the age of 49. She was succeeded as MEP by Joseph Wohlfart.
# Gora, Yavengskoye Rural Settlement, Vozhegodsky District, Vologda Oblast

Gora (Russian: Гора) is a rural locality (a village) in Yavengskoye Rural Settlement, Vozhegodsky District, Vologda Oblast, Russia. The population was 2 as of 2002.

## Geography

The distance to Vozhega is 37 km, to Baza is 23 km. Dorkovskaya, Antsiferovskaya, Fedyayevskaya are the nearest rural localities.
# Ivan Shepetov

Ivan Mikhailovich Shepetov (Russian: Иван Михайлович Шепетов; 11 July 1902 – 21 May 1943) was a Soviet infantry officer who enlisted in the Red Army as a Civil War volunteer in 1918 and rose to command the 96th Mountain Rifle Division in the months following the German invasion of the Soviet Union.

## World War II

Promoted to major-general and awarded the title Hero of the Soviet Union in autumn 1941 for his capable handling of the 96th Mountain Rifle Division on the Southwestern Front, Shepetov continued to command the division (redesignated as the 14th Guards Rifle Division) until 29 May 1942, when he was wounded and taken prisoner in the German encirclement near the town of Izyum.$^{:20}$
Transferred between various prisoner camps after falling into German hands, Shepetov was shot while attempting to escape from the Flossenbürg concentration camp in May 1943.
Surviving Soviet war prisoners held at Flossenbürg stated that they had witnessed Shepetov's torture at Flossenbürg in the spring of 1943.$^{:34}$
# Aryaraja

Aryaraja was a king of Kashmir who features in Rajatarangini (The River of Kings), a legendary and historical chronicle of the north-western Indian subcontinent, particularly the kings of Kashmir. It was written in Sanskrit by Kashmiri historian Kalhana in the 12th century CE.
Although some parts of the Rajatarangini match other sources, Aryaraja appears at the end of the list of kings in Book 2, No kings mentioned in Book 2 have been traced in any other historical source.
He was considered the reincarnation or resurrection of a wise man, Samdhimati, who had been killed by the previous king Jayendra. Witches used magic to bring the skeleton of the wise man back to life, and he then ascended the throne as Aryaraja.

## Influence

Comparison of the reincarnation of Samdhimati as Aryaraja have been made with the resurrection accounts in Christianity, with the later being influenced by the former. In Kalhana's account, after a just reign Aryaraja resigned the throne and became a monk.
# Abu Ubayd al-Thaqafi

Abū 'Ubayd ibn Mas'ūd ibn 'Amr ibn 'Umayr ibn 'Awf ibn Uqda ibn Ghayra ibn Awf ibn Thaqif al-Thaqafi (Arabic: أبو عبيد بن مسعود بن عمرو بن عمير بن عوف بن عقدة بن غيرة بن عوف بن ثقيف الثقفي), or simply Abu Ubayd (أبو عبيد), was a commander in the army of the Rashidun Caliphate. He was from Ta'if in western Arabia, and belonged to the tribe Banu Thaqif.
Al-Muthanna, commander of the Muslim Arabs in al-Hira, had asked Abu Bakr and later Caliph Umar for reinforcements against the Sasanians in Mesopotamia, who were fighting back. Umar chose Abu Ubayd who volunteered first, although he was not among the Muhajirun or Ansar (the companions of Muhammad), and dispatched him. Abu Ubayd arranged a force of 1,000 from his Thaqif tribe and increased his numbers on the way north. He took over command from al-Muthanna for the second time, becoming commander of the forces in the al-Hira region. The combined Arab forces conducted raids on the plains between al-Hira and Ctesiphon (the Sawad). The commander of the Sasanian army Rustam Farrukhzad dispatched an army under Bahman Jadhuyih to attack them. In a battle on the bank of the Euphrates river near Babylon, known as the Battle of the Bridge, a white war elephant tore Abu Ubaid from his horse with its trunk, and trampled him under its feet. The Arab forces panicked and were defeated. His brother al-Hakam and his son Jabr were also killed.
Abu Ubayd was the father of the revolutionary leader al-Mukhtar al-Thaqafi, who rebelled against the Umayyads to revenge the Karbala event during the Second Fitna. Safiyah, wife of Abdullah ibn Umar, was one of his daughters.$^{:305}$ Jariah, another of his daughters, was married to Umar ibn Sa'ad.
# General Service Medal (Malaysia)

The General Service Medal (Malay: Pingat Perkhidmatan Am) is a service medal of Malaysia. It is awarded for general service to members of the military and uniformed services of Malaysia. It ranks 26th in the order of wear of the Orders, decorations, and medals of Malaysia.

## Criteria

The General Service Medal is awarded to members of the Malaysian Armed Forces and Uniformed Services in acknowledgement and recognition of long service and good conduct.

## Appearance

The General Service Medal is round 1+3⁄8 in (35 mm) in diameter and made of silver. The obverse of the medal bears the Coat of arms of Malaysia. The reverse is inscribed with the words KERANA PERKHIDMATAN AM (For General Service) within a wreath of laurel leaves. The medal hangs from a red ribbon with a centre yellow stripe. On each side of the yellow stripe are black and white stripes.
# Paul and Peter Micioni

Paolo "Paul" Micioni (born 3 March 1956) and Pietro "Peter" Micioni (born 8 February 1963) are an Italian duo of DJs, musicians and record producers.

## Career

Born in Rome, the Micioni brothers started their career as DJs in the 1970s, Paul in 1973 and Peter in 1977. At the end of the decade, Paolo Micioni was noticed by Claudio Simonetti in the disco club where he was resident DJ, the Easy Going, and then Simonetti together with Giancarlo Meo decided to produce him in a musical project named after the club, Easy Going, achieving a significant success with the song "Baby I Love You". Following Paolo's production of his brother's 1980 debut single "Driving on Broadway", in late 1981 the two brothers formed the group Traks, mainly active in recording dance versions of 1960s and 1970s rock songs.
After producing several singles for Best Records, including the hits "Masterpiece" by Gazebo and "Nightime Lady" by Mike Francis, Micionis founded their own label, Cat Records, producing several Francis and Gary Low hits. In later years they founded a recording studio, Gimmick, and produced works by Banco del Mutuo Soccorso, Tiromancino, Marina Rei, Niccolò Fabi.
# Harran (biblical place)

The ruins of the city of Harran, called Haran (Hebrew: חָרָן, Ḥārān) in the Hebrew Bible, might lie within present-day Turkey. Haran first appears in the Book of Genesis as the home of Terah and his descendants, and as Abraham's temporary home. Later biblical passages list Haran among some cities and lands subjugated by Assyrian rulers and among Tyre's trading partners.

## Name

Although the placename can be found in English as Haran, Charan, and Charran, it should not be confused with the personal name Haran, one of Abram's two brothers. The biblical placename is חָרָן‎ (with a ḥet) in Hebrew, pronounced and can mean "parched," but is more likely to mean "road" or "crossroad," cognate to Old Babylonian ḫaranu (MSL 09, 124-137 r ii 54'). The personal name Haran is spelled הָרָן‎ (with a hei) in Hebrew and means "mountaineer".

## Identification

Haran is usually identified with Harran, now a village of Şanlıurfa, Turkey. Since the 1950s, archeological excavations of Harran have been conducted, which have yielded insufficient discoveries about the site's pre-medieval history or of its supposed patriarchal age. The earliest records of Harran come from the Ebla tablets, c. 2300 BC. Harran's name is said to be from Akkadian ḫarrānum (fem.), "road"; ḫarrānātum (pl.).

## Biblical mentions

According to the Hebrew Bible, Haran was the place where Terah settled with his son Abraham (at that time called Abram), his grandson Lot, and his daughter Sarah (at that time known as Sarai) during their planned journey from Ur Kaśdim (Ur of the Chaldees) to the Land of Canaan. Some interpreters like Nahmanides argue that Abraham was actually born in Haran and only later relocated to Ur before stopping in Haran en route Canaan.
Abram lived there until he was 75 years old before continuing on to Canaan, in response to the command of God. Although Abram's nephew Lot accompanied him to Canaan, Terah and his other descendants remained in Paddan-Aram.
The region of Haran is referred to variously as Paddan Aram and Aram-Naharaim. In Genesis 28:10–19, Abraham's grandson Jacob left Beersheba and went toward Haran. Along the way he had his dream of Jacob's Ladder.
In 2 Kings (19:12) and Isaiah (37:12) Haran reappears in the late 8th to early 7th century BC context of the Neo-Assyrian Empire's conquests. It appears again in the Book of Ezekiel (27:23) as a former trading partner of the Phoenician city Tyre. In the New Testament, Haran is mentioned in the Acts of the Apostles (7:2–4), in a recounting of the story in Genesis wherein it first appears.
# Fedyuninskaya

Fedyuninskaya (Russian: Федюнинская) is a rural locality (a village) in Nizhneslobodskoye Rural Settlement, Vozhegodsky District, Vologda Oblast, Russia. The population was 43 as of 2002.

## Geography

Fedyuninskaya is located 47 km east of Vozhega (the district's administrative centre) by road. Kholdynka is the nearest rural locality.
# Kalanak, Tajikistan

Kalanak (Tajik: Қалъанак Qal'anak, Persian: قلعه‌نَک) is a village and jamoat in Tajikistan. It is located in Rasht District, one of the Districts of Republican Subordination. The jamoat has a total population of 10,411 (2015). The village is on the northern, right bank of the river Surkhob. On the left bank of the river are the western foothills of the Peter I Range.

## History

During the 1920s the area was a hotbed for the Basmachi, the anti-Soviet resistance in Central Asia.
During the Civil War in Tajikistan from 1992 to 1997, the area was a hotbed for Islamist forces, and October 2010, the Tajik Interior Ministry asserted it had killed three militants nearby at Gharm amid an alleged rise in Islamic militancy in the region.
# Silent Sonata

Silent Sonata (Slovene: Circus Fantasticus) is a 2011 Slovenian war drama film directed by Janez Burger and has no dialogue. The main producers are the Slovene Stara Gara and the Irish Fastnet Films. Silent Sonata is the first official Slovene-Irish-Swedish-Finnish co-production and was shot in 35 days in Slovenia and Ireland. The world premiere took place on the International Film Festival Rotterdam in 2011. The production crew included members from at least 18 countries. The film's original title was Circus Fantasticus, but only in Slovenia, as it is distributed under its original title.
The film was selected as the Slovenian entry for the Best Foreign Language Film at the 84th Academy Awards, however, the Society of Slovene filmmakers (Društvo slovenskih filmskih ustvarjalcev, DSFU) neglected to officially submit the entry in time because of a misunderstanding within the organization, so it wasn't included in the final list of entries.

## Cast

* Leon Lučev as Father
* Ravil Sultanov as Circus Leader
* Pauliina Räsänen as Beauty
* René Bazinet as Old Man
* Daniel Rovai as Clown
* Enej Grom as Boy
* Luna Mijović as Daughter
* David Boelee as Fire Blower
* Marjuta Slamič as Dead Wife
* Devi Bragalini as Son
* Nataša Sultanova as Female Clown
* Slava Volkov as Muscle Man

## Awards

* 13th Festival of Slovenian Film Portorož
** Vesna Award for Best Feature Film
** Vesna Award for Best Director
** Vesna Award for Best Supporting Actor
** Vesna Award for Best Music
** Vesna Award for Best Sound
** Vesna Award for Best Make-up
** Award of Slovenian film critics for Best Feature Film
** Kodak Award for Best Photography
* 58th Pula Film Festival
** Best Actors Award - Awarded to the entire cast
* Alexandria International Film Festival
** Best Artistic Achievement Award
# Laila Abdallah

Laila Abdullah Al-Fayed (Arabic: ليلى عبد الله الفايد; born 8 January 1996) is a Lebanese actress based in Kuwait. She is known for her acting roles in television series broadcast in Kuwait and the rest of the Middle East.

## Early life

Laila was born in Kuwait to Lebanese parents. Her parents are deaf and mute and she learned sign language. Her younger sister Shahad Abdallah is also an actress.

## Career

As a young teenager, Laila began her career as a model in music videos, including for a song by the Saudi singer Abdul Majeed Abdullah. Her first role was in the television show Saher Al-lail [ar] in 2010, where she impressed the director Muhammad Dahham Al-Shammari [ar] who cast her a recurring role in his subsequent television series Tu Nahar [ar]. She later starred in the comedy series Bab Al-Faraj [ar] alongside Ali Jumaa [ar] and Elham Al-Fadala [ar].

## Personal life

In December 2017, she married Iranian actor Abdallah Abass [ar], but they divorced after a couple months in February 2018. In June 2024, she was seen publicly dating with American singer Joe Jonas in Greece.

## Works
### TV Series

* Saher Al-lail [ar] (2010)
* Evil Souls 3 [ar] (2010)
* Tu Nahar [ar] (2010)
* Saher Al Lail 2: Zenat Al Hayat [ar] (2011)
* Bab Al-Faraj [ar] (2011)
* Lahfat Al Khater [ar] (2011)
* The Pain of Victory [ar] (2011)
* Teach Me How to Forget You [ar] (2012)
* Akoon Aw La (2012)
* Ghareeb Al Dar [ar] (2012)
* University Girls [ar] (2012)
* Kinat al-Sham Wa Kanayen al-Shamiya [ar] (2012)
* Hajr al-Habib [ar] (2012)
* Jar Al-Qamar [ar] (2013)
* Sir al Hawa [ar] (2013)
* I will see you good (2014)
* Al-Wajha [ar] (2014)
* Maskanak Yewfy [ar] (2014)
* High heel (2014)
* Breaking Thoughts [ar] (2014)
* Uncle Saqer (2015)
* There is a Song in Her Eyes [ar] (2015)
* Girl and Old man (2015)
* Zero Hour [ar] (2016)
* After The end (2016)
* Pomegranate [ar] (2017)
* Little Sky (2017)
* No Parking [ar] (2017)
* Ham Nawaya [ar] (2018)
* Alkhafi aatham (2018)
* The street crossing (2018)
* Agenda (2019)
* Thorn hugging (2019)

### Plays

* Love Story (2011)
* Alghoul (2011)
* Dreams of a Homeland [ar] (2012)
* The Wizard's Castle (2012)
* Cocoa Factory (2013)
* Newspaper Seller (2014)
* Ghost Scream (2015)
* Khamis kemash khashem habash (2015)
* Roman Bath (2016)
* Kids area (2017)
* Tomorrow (2018)
* Friends of clouds (2019)

### Movies

* 090 [ar] (2014)
* Apartment 6 (2015)
* Baby (2016)
* On Borrowed Time (2018)

### Hosting

* Tarek show (2014)
* Inzel boshinki (2019)
# T.C. Mits

T.C. Mits (acronym for "the celebrated man in the street"), is a term coined by Lillian Rosanoff Lieber to refer to an everyman. In Lieber's works, T.C. Mits was a character who made scientific topics more approachable to the public audience.
The phrase has enjoyed sparse use by authors in fields such as molecular biology, secondary education, and general semantics.

## The Education of T.C. MITS

Dr. Lillian Rosanoff Lieber wrote this treatise on mathematical thinking in twenty chapters. The writing took a form that resembled free-verse poetry, though Lieber included an introduction stating that the form was meant only to facilitate rapid reading, rather than emulate free-verse. Lieber's husband, a fellow professor at Long Island University, Hugh Gray Lieber, provided illustrations for the book. The title of the book was meant to emphasize that mathematics can be understood by anyone, which was further shown when a special "Overseas edition for the Armed Forces" was published in 1942, and approved by the Council on Books in Wartime to be sent to American troops fighting in World War II.