OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Râșnov Ski Jump

Râșnov Ski Jump (Romanian: Trambulina Valea Cărbunării) is a ski jumping hill located within the Râșnov Sports Complex, in the Cărbunării Valley, southeast of Râșnov, Romania. It is the country's second largest ski jumping hill after the disused 110-meter Tintina.
The whole ski jumping complex consists of four hills, with K-points of 90, 64, 35 and 15 meters, respectively.
The 90-meter hill was designed by a Romanian architect and opened in 2012. The three other smaller hills were designed by the Austrian architect Christian Aske.

## History

Râșnov ski jumping hill has been in existence since 1936. The newly built jumps are located on the outskirts of Râșnov, three kilometers southeast of the city center. The hill record is 103 metres, set on 22 February 2020.
The project was supported by a public–private partnership between the Ministry of Regional Development and Tourism of Romania and OMV Petrom. The investments were estimated at €15 million.

## Facilities

All four ski jumps are equipped with floodlight facilities, lifts, snow cannons and plastic mats, which allows them to be also used in summer.

## Events

The first official competition hosted was the inaugural round of the 2012 FIS Cup summer edition, held on 9 May 2012. The event attracted the participation of the notable ski jumpers Thomas Morgenstern and Robert Kranjec. Between 18 and 22 February 2013, the large hill hosted the ski jumping events at the European Youth Olympic Winter Festival.
In 2013, the venue also hosted the final round of the FIS Cup summer edition (on 28–29 September). In 2014, it hosted a round of the FIS Cup winter edition (on 22–23 February), a round in the ladies' calendar of the FIS Ski Jumping World Cup (on 1–2 March) and again the final round in the FIS Cup summer edition (on 27–28 September).
In 2015, the venue hosted again a two-day round in the ladies' calendar of the FIS Ski Jumping World Cup (on 7–8 February) and the final round in the FIS Cup summer edition (on 26–27 September). Previously a round of the FIS Cup winter edition (planned on 24–25 January) had been canceled.
In 2016, the venue hosted the ski jumping events of the FIS Junior World Ski Championships (between 22 and 28 February), a round in the ladies' calendar of the FIS Ski Jumping World Cup (on 5–6 March) and the final round of the FIS Cup summer edition (on 1–2 October).
In 2017, the venue hosted again a round in the ladies' calendar of the FIS Ski Jumping World Cup (on 27–29 January), and the final round of the FIS Cup summer edition, both men's and ladies'. The ladies' round was won by Romania's representative Daniela Haralambie, who also became the champion of the series.
In 2018, another ladies' FIS Ski Jumping World Cup round took place between 2 and 4 March, and between 21 and 23 September, the venue will host a round in the men's FIS Ski Jumping Grand Prix.
# Tamar Abakelia

Tamar Abakelia (also spelled as Tamara Abakeliya; Georgian: თამარ აბაკელია; Russian: Тама́ра Абаке́лия; 19 August 1905 – 14 May 1953) was a Georgian sculptor, theater designer and illustrator. She was granted the title of Honored Artist of the Georgian SSR in 1942.

## Family

Abakelia's father, Grigol Abakelia, a chief prosecuting officer for the Georgian SSR, and uncle, Ioseb Abakelia, a leading Georgian tuberculosis specialist, were shot during Joseph Stalin's Great Purge in 1938. She was married to a Socialist poet and playwright Karlo Kaladze (1907–1988). She had one son with Kaladze, sculptor Gulda Kaladze.

## Biography

Born in Khoni, Imereti (then part of Kutais Governorate, Russian Empire), Tamar Abakelia graduated from Tbilisi State Academy of Arts in 1929 and taught there beginning in 1938. Among Abakelia's works were graphic illustrations for Nikolay Tikhonov, Shota Rustaveli, David of Sasun, Vazha-Pshavela as well as stage decorations for the Rustaveli and Marjanishvili theaters and costume designs for the films Arsena (1937), Giorgi Saakadze (1942), and David Guramishvili (1945). Many of her achievements were in the field of sculpture. Noted for the dynamism of composition and artistically rounded forms, Abakelia was responsible for much of the progress of Soviet Georgian sculpture. She sculptured friezes on the Museum of Marxism–Leninism in Tbilisi, depicting the various phases of socialist construction in Georgia (1936–37). Abakelia died in Tbilisi in 1953 and was buried there, at the Didube Pantheon.

## Gallery

* Lesya Ukrainka, 1952
# Dukhovshchina

Dukhovshchina (Russian: Духовщина) is the name of several inhabited localities in Russia.
# Eliot Curty

Eliot Hugo Curty (born 18 September 1998) is a French field hockey player who plays as a midfielder for Belgian Hockey League club Waterloo Ducks and the Franch national team.

## Club career

Curty played for Montrouge before he moved to Orée in the Belgian Hockey League in 2020. After three seasons at Orée he joined the Waterloo Ducks.

## International career
### Les Bleus

Curty made his debut for Les Bleus in 2017 during a test series against Germany in Hamburg. In 2021 Curty competed at the EuroHockey Championships in Amstelveen, Netherlands. Later that year he was also named in the French squad for the season three of the FIH Pro League.

### Junior national team

Eliot Curty made his debut for the French U–21 team in 2019 at the EuroHockey Junior Championship in Valencia, Spain.
# Pust budet vsjo

Pust budet vsjo (Russian: Пусть будет все) is the fourth album by Estonian rock band Ruja.
The album contains Russian language versions of Ruja's songs. It's controversial for the band, because since there was Soviet occupation and russification in Estonia at that time, singing in Russian was against the band's principles.
The idea came from a manager, Yuri Altov, who saw Ruja's potential of having success outside Estonia. (The band had done concerts outside Estonia.)

## Track listing
### A-side

* "Будет свет" ("Budet svet" It Will Be Light) (Urmas Alender, Igor Garšnek, Jaanus Nõgisto/Alender; translation Ivan Makarov) - 3:30
* "Белизна" ("Belizna" Whiteness) (Alender/Makarov) - 3:26
* "Дети солнца" ("Deti solntsa" Children of the Sun) (Nõgisto; translation Makarov) - 4:01
* "Гроза" ("Groza" Lightning) (Garšnek/Makarov) - 3:26
* "Предчувствие зимы" ("Predchuvstvie zimy" Foreboding Winters) (Garšnek/Makarov) - 2:45
* "Светлый край" ("Svetlyi krai" Bright Place) (Nõgisto/Doris Kareva; translation Makarov) - 2:17

### B-side

* "В чужом городе" ("V chuzhom gorode" In a Strange Town) (Toomas Rull/Makarov) - 3:13
* "Сорванные цветы" ("Sorvannye tsvety" Broken Flowers) (Garšnek/Hando Runnel; translation Makarov) - 3:16
* "Киногород" ("Kinogorod" Cinema City) (Garšnek/Makarov) - 3:06
* "По ту сторону вод" ("Po tu storonu vod" Walk Along That Side) (Alender/Lehte Hainsalu) - 3:15
* "Лебединая песня" ("Lebedinaja pesnja" Swan Song) (Garšnek/Makarov) - 4:00
* "Пусть будет все" ("Pust budet vsjo" Let It Be All) (Alender/Makarov) - 3:10

## Personnel

* Urmas Alender (vocals, 12-string guitar)
* Indrek Patte (vocals in "Deti solntsa")
* Jaanus Nõgisto (guitar, backing vocals)
* Igor Garšnek (keyboards, backing vocals)
* Tiit Haagma (bass in "Budet svet", "Belizna", "Groza", "Predchuvstvije zimy", "V chuzhom gorode", "Po tu storonu vod")
* Vladislav Petšnikov a.k.a. S P Gulliver (bass in "Deti solntsa", "Svetlõi krai", "Sorvannye tsvety", "Kinogorod", "Lebedinaja pesnja")
* Toomas Rull (drums in "Budet svet", "Belizna", "Groza", "Predchuvstvije zimy", "V chuzhom gorode", "Po tu storonu vod")
* Arvo Urb (drums in "Deti solntsa", "Lebedinaja pesnja")
* Rein Joasoo (drums in "Svetlyi krai", "Sorvannye tsvety", "Kinogorod")
* Ivan Makarov (backing vocals in "Budet svet", "V chuzhom gorode")
# Augustus Rowe

Augustus Taylor Rowe (August 2, 1920 – July 20, 2013) was a Canadian physician and politician. He served as a member of the Newfoundland and Labrador House of Assembly for Carbonear from 1971 to 1975. He also spent three years as the province's health minister within the cabinet of the former premier Frank Moores from January 1972 to 1975.
Rowe was born on August 2, 1920, in Heart's Content, Dominion of Newfoundland (the present-day province of Newfoundland and Labrador). He enlisted in the Royal Newfoundland Regiment during World War II. He completed medical school at St Mary's Hospital Medical School (which was part of the University of London at the time) in London following the war. He returned to Newfoundland and settled in Carbonear in 1954, where he began his medical career as a general practitioner.
In 1957, Dr. Rowe founded Carbonear's first hospital, Carbonear Community Hospital. He led the efforts to raise approximately $37,000 Canadian dollars to establish the new hospital, which provided regional patients which a local medical center. Previously, patients needing hospital treatment had to travel to St. John's or Old Perlican. Rowe served as the director of Carbonear Community Hospital from its opening in 1957 until October 1971, when he resigned upon his election to the House of Assembly.
Rowe was elected to the Newfoundland and Labrador House of Assembly as a MLA from Carbonear in October 1971 as a member of the Progressive Conservative Party of Newfoundland and Labrador. Rowe was re-elected to the House of Assembly in 1972. Rowe was appointed as provincial health minister within the cabinet of Premier Frank Moores from January 1972 to 1975.
He retired from politics in 1975 to pursue family medicine. He later joined the faculty of Memorial University of Newfoundland and became the university's chairman of Family Medicine from 1978 to 1985. A university honor, the Gus Rowe Teaching Award, which is bestowed by the Faculty of Medicine was named for Rowe.
He retired from the university in 1985 and moved to Toronto with his wife, Beatrice. He died in Toronto on July 20, 2013, at the age of 92. He was survived by wife of 68 years, Beatrice "Bea" (née Adams) Rowe; two children, David and Jane, and two grandchildren.
# Art and Design University of Cluj-Napoca

The Art and Design University (Romanian: Universitatea de Artă şi Design, UAD;) is an art university located in Cluj-Napoca, Romania. It was founded on November 15, 1925, as the Fine Arts School of Cluj. It was formerly known as Academy of Visual Arts "Ioan Andreescu" until 30 June 2000.

## Faculties

The University has two faculties:
* Faculty of Graphic Arts
* Faculty of Decorative Arts and Design

## Undergraduate school

The undergraduate school includes the following departments:
* Department of Painting
* Department of Sculpture
* Department of Graphic Arts - Drawing - Painting - Printmaking - Illustration - Graphic design
* Department of Fine arts, Photography and Video processing
* Department of Conservation and Restoration
* Department of Art education and Decorative arts
* Department of Ceramics - Glass
* Department of Textile arts and Textile design
* Department of Wardrobe stylist and Fashion design
* Department of Design and Industrial design
* Department of Art history and Theory of art

## Graduate school

The graduate school offers the following degree programs:
* Master's degrees in Painting
* Master's degrees in Sculpture
* Master's degrees in Drawing, Painting and Printmaking
* Master's degrees in Comic book and Animation
* Master's degrees in Photography and Videography
* Master's degrees in Conservation and Restoration
* Master's degrees in Ceramics - Glass
* Master's degrees in Textile design
* Master's degrees in Fashion design
* Master's degrees in Design
* Master's degrees in Contemporary curatorial practices
* PhD in Visual Arts
# Romario Barthéléry

Romario Roland Barthéléry (born 24 June 1994) is a French football player who represents Martinique internationally. He plays for Golden Lion.

## International

He made his Martinique national football team debut on 26 March 2018 in a friendly against Trinidad & Tobago.
He was selected for the 2019 CONCACAF Gold Cup squad.
# Carex atherodes

Carex atherodes is a species of sedge known by the common name wheat sedge. It is native to Eurasia and much of North America including most of Canada and the United States. It is a very common wetland plant across the American Midwest and areas west. It grows in moist and wet habitat, such as marshes and moist prairie land, and it may grow in shallow water. This sedge produces triangular, hollow stems 30 to 120 centimeters tall. The leaves are hairy, especially on the lower parts, and the leaf sheath is tinted with reddish purple. The inflorescence is up to 60 centimeters long and made up of several spikes; those spikes near the tip are usually staminate, and those lower in the inflorescence are usually pistillate. The tip of each fruit has two or more long, thin teeth.
# Jokioinen Museum Railway

The Jokioinen Museum Railway is located in Jokioinen, Finland. It is located on the last operating commercial narrow gauge railway in Finland, the 750 mm (2 ft 5+1⁄2 in) gauge Jokioinen Railway.
The museum was established on February 2, 1978, four years after the discontinued operation of the commercially-operated railway, when the new Jokioinen Museum Railway Limited joint stock company (Finnish: Jokioisten Museorautatie Oy) bought the rail line from Jokioinen to Minkiö railway station, with its land and associated buildings. Museum steam trains began running that same year. In 1994 the line was extended with an 8-kilometre (5 mi) stretch between Minkiö and Humppila.
The museum railway station at Humppila is beside the station of the Turku-Toijala VR line, providing a convenient access to the museum.
The Minkiö station has a narrow gauge museum with a collection of carriages and locomotives. There are a number other attractions in the vicinity of the railway.

## Gallery

* A 2-6-2T built at Tubize works in Belgium in 1947
* Driver firing a 2-6-2T built at Tubize works in Belgium in 1947
* HKR5 locomotive (ex. Hyvinkää–Karkkila Railway) at Raemäki halt.
* Porter engine (builder: H.K. Porter, 1901, no. 2313, gauge: 750 mm)
* Obstruction clearing device ("Cow catcher") on narrow gauge locomotive LWR6
# Dayang Jingxuan

Dayang Jingxuan (simplified Chinese: 大阳警玄; traditional Chinese: 大陽警玄; Japanese: Taiyo Keigen) was a Zen Buddhist monk during the early Song dynasty. During his life, he was apparently the only living teacher representing Caodong/Sōtō school, and he was the last monk of that tradition to be mentioned in the influential Transmission of the Lamp, compiled in 1004. However, as that work was compiled during his lifetime, it lacked biographical information. A biography did not appear until the Xudeng lu of 1101.$^{:79,80,91}$ He left his birth city to become a monk at Chongxiao Temple in Jinling. His teacher there was named Zhitong, but Dayang soon left when he was 19. He studied with Yuanjiao Liaoyi for a time, but eventually moved on, finally settling on Liangshan Yuanguan as his teacher.
Dayang Jingxuan is an important figure in the Caodong/Sōtō Zen lineage because he was apparently the only remaining representative of the Caodong/Sōtō tradition during his lifetime. Furthermore, he is significant because the lineage effectively died out with him, but through highly unusual means, the lineage was passed on to someone he had never met. Juefan Huihong's biographical compilation of 1119, the Chanlin sengbao zhuan (Chronicle of the Sangha Treasure in the Groves of Chan), suggests that Touzi Yiqing was the "true son", or student, of Dayang. The Xudeng lu of 1101 lists Touzi and nine others as disciples of Dayang. However, it explains that Touzi did not actually receive dharma transmission from Dayang, but from Fushan Fayuan. Fushan had been a student of Dayang, but he himself had not received dharma transmission from Dayang either. The scholar Morten Schlütter notes that this form of lineage transfer "has no real parallel in early Chan literature". This refers to the fact that Touzi was able to be considered the immediate heir to Dayang's lineage without having met him, and that Fayuan was able to hold Dayang's lineage "in trust" without actually being a bona fide heir. Schlütter further interprets Huihong's likely embellished account as an attempt to strengthen the rather weak link between Touzi and the last Caodong monk recorded in the Transmission of the Lamp in order to solidify the legitimacy of the lineage.$^{:93–94,210}$
# Abbas Aba

Abbas Abad (Persian: عباس آبا, also Romanized as ‘Abbās Ābā; also known as ‘Abbāsābād) is a village in Meyami Rural District, in the Central District of Meyami County, Semnan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 458, in 132 families.
# Til, East Azerbaijan

Til (Persian: تيل) is a village in, and the capital of, Guney-ye Gharbi Rural District of Tasuj District, Shabestar County, East Azerbaijan province, Iran.

## Demographics
### Population

At the time of the 2006 National Census, the village's population was 2,642 in 817 households. The following census in 2011 counted 2,547 people in 835 households. The 2016 census measured the population of the village as 3,303 people in 1,109 households. It was the most populous village in its rural district.
# Nurken Abdirov

Nurken Abdirovich Abdirov (Kazakh: Нүркен Әбдіров/Nürken Äbdırov, Russian: Нуркен Абдирович Абдиров; 9 August 1919 – 19 December 1942) was a Kazakh pilot who was posthumously awarded the title Hero of the Soviet Union on 31 March 1941 for ramming his aircraft into a German tank column after it sustained a direct hit to the engine on 19 December 1942.

## Early life

Nurken Abdirov was born on 9 August 1919 in the Karkaraly District in the territory of the former 5th aul to a family of Kazakh peasants. According to genealogical records, he originates from the Sarym branch of the Karakesek tribe of the Argyn tribe. Having received an incomplete secondary education, he spent most of his childhood working on a collective farm. In 1939 he graduated from the pilot course of the Karaganda Aeroclub and received the qualifications to become a reserve pilot.

## Military service

In 1940, he got drafted into the ranks of the Red Army and graduated from the 1st Chkalov Military Aviation Pilot School in 1941. In the same year, he joined the Communist Party of the Soviet Union. On 28 October 1942 he arrived on the warfront as a pilot in the 808th Assault Aviation Regiment, which flew ground attack missions on the Ilyushin Il-2. He flew in 16 sorties, in which he destroyed 12 Nazi tanks, 28 trucks, 18 vehicles loaded with ammunition, 3 fuel tanks, and 3 cannons, and killed more than 50 German soldiers and officers.

### Feat

On 19 December 1942, while attacking enemy positions near the Konkov farm, his Il-2 received a direct hit on the engine and caught fire. Realizing there was no chance to survive, he steered his descent to crash into a column of German tanks, repeating the feat of Nikolai Gastello and destroying six enemy tanks. Together with him, his gunner Alexander Komissarov, who refused to jump from the plane also died. By the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR, Abdirov was posthumously awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union on 31 March 1943. He was buried in the mass grave at the Konkov farm.

## Legacy

* In Karaganda, a monument got erected by sculptor Yuri Gummel and sculptor Anatoly Bilyk to commemorate him.
* One of the avenues of the Street of Alma-Ata got named after him. The street next to Nurken Abdirov Avenue is named after Alexander Komissarov, shooter who died along with Nurken.
* A bust of Nurken Abdirov unveiled in 2003 in honor of the 58th anniversary of the Great Victory, was installed in Karkaralinsky district.
* In Volgograd, on Mamaev Kurgan, a memorial plaque made of black marble was installed with his name carved on it.
* In the village of Bokovskaya, a bust of him was erected. The plaque under it reading "Heroes do not die".
* In the Konkov farm on a mass grave where the remains of the soldiers who died during the liberation of the farm are buried, his name is written on a commemorative plaque.
* The poem "Winged Kazakh" (1947) by the Kazakh Soviet writer Sapargali Begalin was dedicated to Nurken Abdirov
* In 2019, a postage stamp dedicated to Nurken Abdirov got issued.
# Ahmetli, Bismil

Ahmetli (Kurdish: Mezra Ahmed) is a neighbourhood in the municipality and district of Bismil, Diyarbakır Province in Turkey. The village is populated by Kurds of the Barava tribe and had a population of 116 in 2022.
# Football in American Samoa

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# Diseases of Canaries

Diseases of Canaries is a 1933 book by Robert Stroud, better known by his prison nickname of "The Bird Man of Alcatraz". He wrote it while serving a life sentence at Leavenworth Penitentiary.
Diseases of Canaries is a comprehensive work which contains much information on: Anatomy – Feeding – Feeding Experiments – Insects and Parasites – The Moult – Injuries – Septic Fever – Sepsis – Necrosis – Diarrhea – Aspergillosis – Bacteriology – Pathogenic Organisms – Drugs.
This is one of two books on canaries written by the author Robert Stroud. His other book, Stroud's Digest on the Diseases of Birds, has the same content but with some revisions and updated specific information.
# Wild Mussels

Wild Mussels (Dutch: Wilde Mossels) is a 2000 Dutch drama film directed by Erik de Bruyn. It was entered into the 23rd Moscow International Film Festival.

## Cast

* Fedja van Huêt as Leen
* Frank Lammers as Daan
* Frederik Brom as Jacob (as Freek Brom)
* Will van Kralingen as Noortje
* Josse De Pauw as Wannes
* Angelique de Bruijne as Janine
* Melek Karasu as Atash
* Martin Dunne as Nowhere Man
* Hans Veerman as Rinus
* Freark Smink as Bert
* Marina de Graaf as Diana
# Carmen Villain

Carmen Maria Hillestad (born 1983), known professionally as Carmen Villain, is a Norwegian-Mexican musical artist.
Hillestad was born in 1983 in Michigan, United States. Her mother is Mexican, and her father is Norwegian. Her parents raised her in Oslo, Norway. She grew up playing the piano and the clarinet. She worked as a model before becoming a musician.
In 2005, Hillestad moved to London and started writing music. Her early work was guitar-driven shoegaze and dream pop. Her 2022 album, Only Love From Now On, released to positive critical reception.
# Amentane

Amentane (Arabic: أمنطان) is a small village in Algeria, in the wilaya of Batna.