OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# European Movement Ireland

European Movement Ireland (EM Ireland) (Irish: Gluaiseacht na hEorpa in Éirinn) is an independent not-for-profit organisation that campaigns for every Irish person to get involved in the European Union and by doing so, help shape it. It is the oldest Irish organisation dealing with the EU, pre-dating Ireland's membership of the EEC in 1973 by almost twenty years. The organisation is headed by CEO, Noelle Connell. Julie Sinnamon acts as Chair of the EM Ireland Board.

## History

On 11 January 1954, one hundred people met in the Shelbourne Hotel in Dublin and founded the Irish Council of the European Movement. Signing the Articles of Association that founded the European Movement were seven pioneers of Ireland's future in Europe. They were: Donal O'Sullivan, university lecturer; Garret Fitzgerald, economist; Louis P F Smith, economist; Denis Corboy, barrister-at-Law; George Colley, solicitor; Declan Costello, barrister-at-Law; and Sean J Healy, secretary.
These seven signatories laid the first stone paving Ireland's way to full membership of the EU. The aim of the Irish Council was to inform Irish individuals and organisations about the EU. One of its primary objectives was for Ireland to gain membership of the European Communities (EC) (principally the European Economic Community (EEC), as the EU was then known). Former Taoisigh Garret Fitzgerald and Jack Lynch, and former President Mary Robinson backed the initiative and after a referendum was held on the Third Amendment of the Irish Constitution which was overwhelmingly approved by voters in May 1972 Ireland joined the European Communities as a full member state on 1 January 1973.
The Irish Council later became European Movement Ireland. Today the organisation claims to act as source of information for Irish citizens regarding the work of the EU and its stated aim is to promote reasoned robust and fair debate about EU in Ireland.
It retains an affiliation with the European Youth Parliament, a youth organization which runs events for secondary school age children along the structure of a mock European Parliament.

## European Movement International

European Movement Ireland is part of a pan-European network. European Movement International is a lobbying association that coordinates the efforts of associations and national councils with the goal of promoting European integration, and disseminating information about it. It seeks to encourage and facilitate the active participation of citizens and civil society organisations in the European Union as it develops. The European Movement network is represented in over 41 countries and has over 20 international organisations as members. The current President of European Movement is outgoing MEP Guy Verhofstadt. For a full list of all European Movement offices, and an outline of the history of the international network visit the EM International website at http://www.europeanmovement.eu/
# Lipovsky (disambiguation)

Lipovsky or Lipovský (Russian: Липовский) may refer to:

## People with the surname

* Miroslav Lipovský (1976), Slovak ice hockey player
* Zach Lipovsky, Canadian director, former child actor and visual effects specialist
# Ilyas Afandiyev

Ilyas Muhammad oglu Afandiyev (Azerbaijani: Əfəndiyev İlyas Məhəmməd oğlu) was an Azerbaijani and Soviet writer, member of Azerbaijan Union of Writers (1940), Honored Art Worker of Azerbaijan (1960), laureate of the State Prize of Azerbaijan (1972) and People’s Writer of Azerbaijan (1979).

## Biography

Ilyas Afandiyev was born on 26 May 1914 in Karyagino, Russian Empire (now Fuzuli District, Azerbaijan). In 1938, he graduated from the Lenin Azerbaijan State Pedagogical Institute in Baku. In 1939, his “Letters from the village” collection was published. In 1945, his “Serene nights” collection of stories was published. The collections are dedicated to the Soviet intelligentsia. Afandiyev was also noted as a playwright covering psychological themes which are still performed. He was the author of novels, sketches and literary-critical articles.
Afandiyev died on 3 October 1996 in Baku and was buried in the city's Alley of Honor.

## Works
### Plays

* Expectation (1940)
* Bright ways (1947)
* Spring floods (1948)
* The Atayevs’ family (1954)
* You are always with me (1965)
* My guilt (1969)
* A devil came from a fiery desert
* A chandelier for ten mantas
* Believe in us
* I can’t forget (1968)
* Erased diaries (1970)
* The song stayed in the mountains (1971)
* Weird boy (1973)
* Voice coming from the gardens (1976)
* Khurshidbanu Natavan (1980)
* In the crystal palace
* Shaikh Khiyabani (1986)
* Our strange destiny (1988)
* Sweethearts coupling in the hell (1989)
* A single oleaster tree (1991)
* Sensible and mad men (1992)
* The ruler and a girl (1994)

### Novels

* Willow channel (1958)
* Cornel bridge (1960)
* Three friends beyond mountains (1964)
* Plane tree of khan
* Fairy tale of bulbul and Valeh (1976-1978)
* Old man, don’t look back (1980)
# Salovka

Salovka (Russian: Саловка) is a rural locality (a settlement) in Olkhovatskoye Urban Settlement, Olkhovatsky District, Voronezh Oblast, Russia. The population was 339 as of 2010. There are 2 streets.

## Geography

Salovka is located 4 km north of Olkhovatka (the district's administrative centre) by road. Rakovka is the nearest rural locality.
# Rahaq

Rahaq (Persian: رحق, also Romanized as Raḩaq) is a village in Kuh Dasht Rural District, Neyasar District, Kashan County, Isfahan Province, Iran. As of 2021, its population is 632, in 251 families.
# Postoyaly

Postoyaly (Russian: Постоялый) is a rural locality (a khutor) in Lisichanskoye Rural Settlement, Olkhovatsky District, Voronezh Oblast, Russia. The population was 262 as of 2010. There are 4 streets.

## Geography

Postoyaly is located 19 km northeast of Olkhovatka (the district's administrative centre) by road. Politotdelskoye is the nearest rural locality.
# Politotdelskoye, Voronezh Oblast

Politotdelskoye (Russian: Политотдельское) is a rural locality (a settlement) in Lisichanskoye Rural Settlement, Olkhovatsky District, Voronezh Oblast, Russia. The population was 172 as of 2010. There are 5 streets.

## Geography

Politotdelskoye is located 22 km northwest of Olkhovatka (the district's administrative centre) by road. Postoyaly is the nearest rural locality.
# Kryukov, Voronezh Oblast

Kryukov (Russian: Крюков) is a rural locality (a khutor) in Karayashnikovskoye Rural Settlement, Olkhovatsky District, Voronezh Oblast, Russia. The population was 79 as of 2010.

## Geography

Kryukov is located 19 km north of Olkhovatka (the district's administrative centre) by road. Karayashnik is the nearest rural locality.
# Ashtadhatu

Ashtadhatu (Sanskrit: अष्टधातु, romanized: Aṣṭadhātu, lit. 'eight metals'), also called octo-alloy, is an alloy comprising the eight metals of gold, silver, copper, lead, zinc, tin, iron, and mercury, often used for casting metallic idols for Jain and Hindu temples in India.
The composition is laid down in the Shilpa Shastras, a collection of ancient texts that describe arts, crafts, and their design rules, principles and standards. Ashtadhatu is used because it is considered sattivik (virtuous or pure) in Hinduism, and does not decay, and it is also restricted to the production of images for the deities Kubera, Vishnu, Krishna, Rama, Kartikeya, and the goddesses Durga and Lakshmi.
Its traditional composition, all eight metals are in equal proportion (12.5% each).
# Greg Grant (basketball, born 1966)

Gregory Alan Grant (born August 29, 1966) is an American former professional basketball player.
Growing up in a broken home, Grant worked in a fish market while in high school. After being discovered at the local playground, the 5'7" (1.70 m) point guard enrolled at Trenton State College (now The College of New Jersey, or TCNJ for short) in 1986, and led Division III in scoring in 1989.
That same year he was selected with the 52nd overall pick by the Phoenix Suns in the NBA draft. He spent six years in the NBA, playing for six different teams. Grant now runs a sports academy in Trenton. He also offers one-on-one instructions and clinics.
With the help of writer (and fellow Trenton native) Martin Sumners, Grant detailed his unlikely journey from the playgrounds to college and all the way to the NBA in his autobiography, 94 Feet and Rising: The Journey of Greg Grant to the NBA and Beyond, released on July 17, 2009.
Grant was named head coach of Trenton Central High School in 2010. He implemented initiatives that included a larger focus on education and better performances on court. In the 2013–14 school year, he coached Trenton to a 27–3 record en route to the Mercer County division title, and the school's first ever Colonial Valley Conference Championship (they lost to Linden in the state championship). He retired after five years, compiling a 100–32 record over that time, and a 100 percent graduation rate from his players.
# Tangeh-ye Do

Tangeh-ye Do (Persian: تنگه دو) is a village in Bahmanshir-e Jonubi Rural District, in the Central District of Abadan County, Khuzestan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 859, in 153 families.
# Siah Kola, Mahmudabad

Siah Kola (Persian: سياه كلا, also Romanized as Sīāh Kolā and Sīyah Kalā) is a village in Harazpey-ye Shomali Rural District, Sorkhrud District, Mahmudabad County, Mazandaran Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 233, in 65 families.
# Zangaruiyeh

Zangaruiyeh (Persian: زنگاروييه, also Romanized as Zangārū’īyeh and Zangārū’īeh) is a village in Golashkerd Rural District, in the Central District of Faryab County, Kerman Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 42, in 11 families.
# Andrey Dunayev

Andrey Yevgenyevich Dunayev (Russian: Андрей Евгеньевич Дунаев; 14 May 1949 – 9 December 2015) is a retired Russian swimmer who won the silver medal in 400 m medley at the 1966 European Aquatics Championships. Next year he set a new European record, and in 1968 a new world record in the same event, but finished only seventh at the 1968 Summer Olympics. Between 1964 and 1968 he won 10 national titles and set 9 national records in the 200 m and 400 m medley and 800 m and 1500 m freestyle events. In the 1990s, he also won national titles in the masters category.
# Unique Copy Album

Unique Copy Album is the name of a unique copy release of an album by the Swiss band The Bianca Story. 2009 sold through an art auction for 10'000 Swiss francs. The 500 kg heavy sculpture was equipped with high fidelity speakers and a sensor system, which controlled the volume, depending on the position of the sculpture's wing doors. If those were opened all the way, the album should be able to listened to in concert level. To skip to the next song, the sensors needed to be contacted.

## Realization

From October till December 2009 The bianca Story released each month a song with a videoclip for free, which ended with the unique auction of the sculpture Unique Copy Album in only one physical edition. the members of the group insisted, that the 10'000 mirror ball pieces were handcrafted and pasted up by hand. With help of some volunteers in over 3 months, this unique piece was created. The presentation was held in conjunction with an art exhibition at the Kunstmuseum Glarus, Switzerland. The Unique Copy Album was sold for 10'000 Swiss francs on behalf of the gallery Gröflin&Maag to the art collector Thomas Merian.

## Idea

"Most people thought we were crazy" was the comment of the group. With this by then unseen procedure they tried to bring to attention of how value was set to their music and for that intentionally took use of the mechanisms of the art business. More than a common record release, the unique put this album in the tradition of sculptural art pieces, as well inspired by Jean Michel Jarres Music For Supermarkets. First reactions were critically acclaimed, since the by then unknown band was taken as a lightweight PR stunt. Th group never denied the positive effect on that, but expressed their aim of breaking up regular structures as their main goal. With the presentation of the Unique Copy Album they send out a comment saying: "There is an original of Mona Lisa, and millions of postcards of her! This idea we liked and tried to introduce this to the music market! It's actually quite simple! Feel free to copy the idea!". The surprising positive reactions to their idea of Unique Copy Album lead to a contract at the Berlin-based music label Motor Music
All tracks are written by The bianca Story
# Plesiobalaenoptera

Plesiobalaenoptera is a genus of extinct rorqual which existed in Italy during the late Miocene epoch. The type species is P. quarantellii. It is the oldest known rorqual from the Mediterranean basin. Fossils have been found from sediments of the Stirone River in Northern Italy (44°48′N 10°00′E﻿ / ﻿44.8°N 10.0°E﻿ / 44.8; 10.0, paleocoordinates 43°54′N 10°30′E﻿ / ﻿43.9°N 10.5°E﻿ / 43.9; 10.5) that were deposited during the Tortonian age, around 11 to 7 million years ago.

## Description

Plesiobalaenoptera was similar in appearance to other rorquals, although it had a relatively wider rostrum than other whales. The genus has several distinguishing features mainly seen in the region of the ear. For example, the periotic bone (which surrounds the inner ear) has a raised central portion and a triangular projection at its front.
Like all baleen whales, the tympanic bulla, which surrounds the middle ear, is enlarged and separate from the periotic bone. However, its tympanic bulla has a distinctive high keel. Moreover, the opening of the Eustachian tube into the middle ear is in a high position.

## Paleobiology

Unlike living rorquals, Plesiobalaenoptera was probably not capable of ram feeding. During ram feeding, modern whales swim toward their prey with open mouths and engulf them in an expandable throat.
Plesiobalaenoptera has a postcoronoid fossa, or hole in the dentary bone of the lower jaw, which would have made this method of feeding difficult to perform.

## Classification

Plesiobalaenoptera is closely related to Parabalaenoptera, known from the late Miocene of California in the United States. The two form a clade that is the sister taxon of crown balaenopterids, which includes the last common ancestor of the living Balaenoptera and Megaptera, and all of its descendants.
# Municipality of Dornava

The Municipality of Dornava (pronounced; Slovene: Občina Dornava) is a small municipality in northeastern Slovenia. It lies east of Ptuj, partly on the Pesnica River and partly in the Slovene Hills (Slovene: Slovenske gorice). The seat of the municipality is the settlement of Dornava. The area is part of the traditional region of Styria. The municipality is now included in the Drava Statistical Region.

## Settlements

In addition to the municipal seat of Dornava, the municipality also includes the following settlements:
* Bratislavci
* Brezovci
* Lasigovci
* Mezgovci ob Pesnici
* Polenci
* Polenšak
* Prerad
* Slomi
* Strejaci
* Strmec pri Polenšaku
* Žamenci

## Gallery

* Dornava Mansion, built in 1753
# Dusky twinspot

The dusky twinspot (Euschistospiza cinereovinacea) is a species of estrildid finch found in Sub-Saharan Africa. It has an estimated global extent of occurrence of 130,000 km$^2$.
It is native to the Angolan montane forest–grassland mosaic and the Albertine Rift montane forests. The status of the species is evaluated as Least Concern.
# Vladimir Pashuto

Vladimir Terentyevich Pashuto (Russian: Владимир Терентьевич Пашуто; 19 April 1918 – 10 June 1983) was a Soviet Russian Marxist historian who specialized in the history of medieval Lithuania and Russia, especially in their foreign policies.
He graduated from the Leningrad University in 1941 and joined the staff of the Institute of History of the Soviet Academy of Sciences in 1948. He was elected a corresponding member of the Academy of Sciences in 1976. He was awarded the Order of the Badge of Honor.
In his 1958 monograph The Genesis of Lithuania, he argued that it was the pressure of Teutonic invasions that forced the disparate Lithuanian tribes to forge a unified state known as the Grand Duchy of Lithuania. Pashuto is credited as consultant on several films about medieval Russia, including Tarkovsky's masterpiece Andrei Rublev (1966).
Pashuto and his colleague Anatoly Novoseltsev helped bring to light a number of foreign sources related to Russia's medieval history. His approach was further developed by a team of prominent disciples such as Alexander Nazarenko.
# Littledalea

Littledalea is a genus of Asian plants in the grass family, native to mountains in China and neighboring countries. The genus is placed in its own tribe Littledaleae within subfamily Pooideae. The isolated tribe seems to be sister to the tribes Bromeae and Triticeae.
Genus was named for British game hunter Clement St. George Royds Littledale (1851–1931)

## Species

* Littledalea alaica (Korsh.) Petrov ex Kom. - Qinghai, Tibet, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan
* Littledalea przevalskyi Tzvelev - Gansu, Qinghai, Tibet
* Littledalea racemosa Keng - Qinghai, Tibet, Sichuan, Yunnan
* Littledalea tibetica Hemsl. - Tibet, Nepal, Yunnan
# Kadrenci

Kadrenci (pronounced) is a small settlement in the Municipality of Cerkvenjak in northeastern Slovenia. It lies in the Slovene Hills (Slovene: Slovenske gorice), on the south side of the regional road leading east from Cerkvenjak to Sveti Jurij ob Ščavnici. The area is part of the traditional region of Styria and is now included in the Drava Statistical Region.
# Smrekovec Lodge

The Smrekovec Lodge (Slovene: Dom na Smrekovcu; 1,377 meters or 4,518 feet) is a mountain hostel on the southern slope of the Smrekovec Mountains (Smrekovško pogorje) in the Kamnik–Savinja Alps. The first lodge was built in 1933, but it was burned down during World War II. A new lodge was built in 1951, and expanded in 1976–77.

## Starting points

* 3h: from the town of Črna na Koroškem,
* 4½h: by car from the town of Šoštanj (26 km)
* 3½h: by car from the town of Ljubno ob Savinji (16 km)

## Neighbouring lodges

* 2½h: the Mozirje Lodge at Golte (Mozirska koča na Golteh; 1356 m)
* 5h: the Loka Lodge at Raduha (Koča na Loki pod Raduho; 1534 m), passing the Travnik Lodge (Koča na Travniku; 1548 m)
* 2½h: the Andrej Lodge at Sleme (Andrejev dom na Slemenu; 1086 m)
* 4½h: the Mount Ursula Lodge (Dom na Uršlji gori; 1680 m)

## Neighbouring mountains

* ½h: Smrekovec (1577 m)
* 2h: Komen (1684 m)
# Rue Maarad

Rue Maarad (Arabic: شارع المعرض) is a street in Beirut, Lebanon. The street was conceived during the French Mandate period as a central commercial street radiating from Étoile Square. Its arched façades were inspired by the ‘Rue de Rivoli’ in Paris.

## Construction

Beirut Municipality developed plans to modernize the harbor and the city center. Plans were later updated during the French Mandate and Maarad street was conceived as a main street emanating from Étoile Square. Those plans foiled with the construction of the Grand Theatre. The street was named Maarad Street after the 1921 International Fair that took place in Beirut.

## History

Maarad Street (‘Maarad’ meaning exhibition in Arabic) was named after the 1921 International Fair, which brought attention to Beirut during the period of the French Mandate. Today named Jacques Chirac Street, it was part of the 1915 plan designed to connect the lower town beside the harbor, to the upper town that extended as far as the Pine Forest on the outskirts of Beirut. This extension was foiled, however, by the construction of the Grand Théâtre. In 1878, the Beirut Municipality developed plans to modernize the harbor and the city center. These plans were updated during the French Mandate, and Maarad Street was conceived as the central street radiating from Étoile Square. Its arched façades were inspired by the ‘Rue de Rivoli’ in Paris.

## Timeline

1878: Beirut Municipality developed plans to modernize the harbor and the city center.
1915: Plans designed to connect the lower town (by the harbor) to the upper town (by the Pine forest on the outskirts of Beirut). Plans later failed after the construction of the Grand Théâtre.
1921: Street was named Maarad Street (exhibition road in Arabic) after the International Fair that took place there that year.
# Power antenna

A power antenna is an electrically motorized automotive radio antenna that raises and lowers either manually with a dash-mounted switch or automatically by turning the radio on or off. The automatic kind will also lower when the ignition switch is turned off. Unlike most car antennas adjusted directly by hand, power antennas retract completely beneath the surface that they are mounted on. This convenience could be found on most luxury cars by the late-1950s. The automatic power antenna became much more common in the 1970s.
On many Cadillac models of the 1950s and '60s, the antenna could be raised and lowered by pulling out or pushing in on the radio's volume control knob. The Lincoln Continental of the late 1960s had push-button controls integrated into the factory radio. But most cars had a separate control that often was not even located near the car radio. And sometimes the control on early models was not even labeled, e.g., the late 1960s, early '70s Ford Thunderbird control was integrated into a courtesy light module on the dash panel.
# Hamal Castle

Hamal Castle (Dutch: Kasteel van Hamal) is a castle in Rutten near Tongeren in the province of Limburg, Belgium, once the centre of the small independent lordship of Rutten. The castle was first mentioned in 1214. The current castle dates from the late 18th century.
# Germaine Brée

Germaine Brée (2 October 1907 – 22 September 2001) was a French-American literary scholar, who wrote extensively on Marcel Proust, Andre Gide, Albert Camus, and Jean-Paul Sartre.

## Life

Born in Paris, Germaine Brée grew up in the English-speaking Channel Islands. After graduating from the University of Paris, she taught in Algeria from 1932 to 1936. Appointed to teach at Bryn Mawr in 1936, she returned to France to fight for the Free French when World War II broke out. She joined a volunteer ambulance unit, rising to the rank of lieutenant, and was assigned to the intelligence section of the Free French in Algiers. She received a Bronze Star and was named to the Legion of Honor. At this time Brée befriended Albert Camus.
In 1953 Brée was appointed chair of the French department at New York University College of Arts & Science, the second woman to be appointed a department chair at the university. From 1960 until 1973 she was Professor of French at the University of Wisconsin. From 1973 until 1984 she was Kenan professor of humanities at Wake Forest University. In 1975 she served as president of the Modern Language Association. She was an elected member of both the American Philosophical Society and the American Academy of Arts and Sciences.

## Works

* Marcel Proust and Deliverance From Time, 1955
* Camus, 1959
* Gide, 1963
* Camus and Sartre: Crisis and Commitment, 1972
* Women Writers in France, 1973