OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Baray district

Baray District (Khmer: ស្រុកបារាយណ៍ ភូមិក្ដាមហា) is a district within Kampong Thom province, in central Cambodia.

## Administration

According to the 1998 census of Cambodia, the Baray District consisted of 18 communes and had a population of 159,586. The population recorded by the 2008 census was 167,581.
In January 2019 eight of the 18 communes—Andoung Pou, Chranieng, Chrolong, Pongro, Sou Young, Sralau, Svay Phleung and Treal—were split from the district to form the Taing Kouk district.
As of 2020, the district contains the following communes.
| Code | Commune | Khmer |
| 060101 | Bak Sna | ឃុំបាក់ស្នា |
| 060102 | Ballangk | ឃុំបល្ល័ង្គ |
| 060103 | Baray | ឃុំបារាយណ៍ |
| 060104 | Boeng | ឃុំបឹង |
| 060105 | Chaeung Daeung | ឃុំចើងដើងសី |
| 060107 | Chhuk Khsach | ឃុំឈូកខ្សាច់ |
| 060108 | Chong Doung | ឃុំចុងដូង |
| 060110 | Kokir Thum | ឃុំគគីធំ |
| 060111 | Krava | ឃុំក្រវ៉ា |
| 060117 | Tnaot Chum | ឃុំត្នោតជុំ |
# Hàn Mặc Tử

Francis Nguyễn Trọng Trí, penname Hàn Mặc Tử (September 22, 1912 – November 11, 1940), was a Vietnamese poet. He was the most celebrated Vietnamese Catholic literary figure during the colonial era.
He was born Nguyễn Trọng Trí, at Lệ Mỹ Village, Đồng Hới District, Quảng Bình Province. His pen names included Minh Duệ, Phong Trần, Lệ Thanh, and finally Hàn Mặc Tử, by which name is known today. He grew up in a poor family, his father having died when he was young. He showed poetic talent at a young age. When he met Phan Bội Châu, he received encouragement and praise that made him well known. He contracted leprosy in 1937, and was finally hospitalized at Quy Hòa Hospital in September 1940, where he died two months later.
His many poems addressed to real or fictive women—in the manner of Giacomo Leopardi in the West, for example—remain popular, and he is known as a love poet in Vietnam. His poems on folk subjects are also well known.

## Poetry

Hàn Mặc Tử's early poems—praised by Phan Bội Châu—are famous for their purity of diction and form, and show him to be a fluent Classicist with a strong interest in realistic subjects. Subsequently, his poetry showed the influence of French Symbolism, and after he fell sick, became increasingly violent and despondent. Personal despair combined with the search for poetic novelty led him to found the short-lived "Chaos" (Loạn) or "Mad" (Ðiên) school of poetry. More than a love poet, Hàn Mặc Tử was a Modernist, who sought to fuse, in a new poetic language, disparate traditions and experiences. Beginning with poems that refreshed the Classical tradition, he went on to absorb the French influence, which he directed toward the turbulence of his own painful history. His language, increasingly tortured, remained both Classical and innovative throughout; and though a Catholic, he made frequent use of Buddhist ideas and imagery.

## Collections

* Gái Quê (Countryside Girls) 1936, the only collection published during his lifetime
* Chơi Giữa Mùa Trăng (Playing in the Moon Season)
* Xuân Như Ý (Ideal Spring)
* Ðau Thương (Suffering)
* Thượng Thanh Khí (Fresh Air Above)
* Cẩm Châu Duyên (Cẩm Châu Coast).
* Đây thôn Vĩ dạ (Here is Vĩ Dạ hamlet).

## Poetry in English

Hàn Mặc Tử's poetry has not appeared in credible English translations. His complex late style compounds the problems related to translating Vietnamese poetry into English; while the purity of his early style presents another set of challenges. A bilingual Vietnamese–French choice of his poetry was published in 2001 by French scholar Hélène Péras (Le Hameau des roseaux, Aryufen).
# Bibi Hakimeh

Bibi Hakimeh (Persian: بي بي حكميه, also Romanized as Bībī Ḩakīmeh; also known as Bībi Hakim) is a village in Bibi Hakimeh Rural District, in the Central District of Gachsaran County, Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 134, in 25 families.
# Trachydora chlorozona

Trachydora chlorozona is a moth in the family Cosmopterigidae. It is found in Australia, where it has been recorded from New South Wales.
# Araks, Armavir (west)

40°05′35″N 43°57′03″E﻿ / ﻿40.09306°N 43.95083°E﻿ / 40.09306; 43.95083
Araks (Armenian: Արաքս), is a village with 1,651 inhabitants (2011) in the western part of the Armavir Province of Armenia. It was founded as a state farm in 1940. The Battle of Sardarapat of 1918, took place near the village of Araks. In 1968, the Sardarapat Battle Memorial was erected on the site of the battle. Additionally there is the state owned Armenia Ethnography Museum.
# Sinner or Saint (film)

Sinner or Saint is a 1923 American silent drama film directed by Lawrence C. Windom and starring Betty Blythe, William P. Carleton and Gypsy O'Brien.

## Cast

* Betty Blythe as Mademoiselle Iris
* William P. Carleton as Paul Reynolds
* Gypsy O'Brien as Marguerite Roberts
* William H. Tooker as Stephen Roberts
* Fuller Mellish as Elijah Homes
* Richard Neill as Charles Carter
* William Collier Jr. as Young Artist

## Preservation

* This is now a lost film as no prints survive.
# Ramazanköy, Nazımiye

Ramazanköy (Kurdish: Remedan) is a village in the Nazımiye District, Tunceli Province, Turkey. The village is populated by Kurds of the Arel tribe and had a population of 56 in 2021.
The hamlets of Çiçekli, Çömlek, Geven, Gevrek, Kayalı, Kızpınarı, Üçkonak and Yenimezraa are attached to the village.
# Aleksei Churavtsev

Aleksei Vladimirovich Churavtsev (Russian: Алексей Владимирович Чуравцев; born 1 April 1984) is a Russian former professional football player.

## Club career

He made his Russian Football National League debut for FC Lada Togliatti on 20 April 2001 in a game against FC Neftekhimik Nizhnekamsk.
# Gustaf Ericssons Automobilfabrik

GEA (Gustaf Ericssons Automobilfabrik) was a Swedish automobile manufacturer founded by Gustaf Ericsson [sv] (son of inventor Lars Magnus Ericsson) in 1904 in Stockholm.
Originally the company was located in Arbetargatan, but later it moved to Liljeholmen. Together with his classmates from Chalmers University of Technology K. G. Karlsson and Erik L. Magnus, they had the expertise needed for the project. The company started making engines, at first kerosene engines for pumps and agricultural machines. Later they also made boat engines under the name Gurik.
After a few years Ericsson thought it was time to build a car. It was to be powered by a six-cylinder engine, a first for Europe. One of the biggest problems was with the magneto. They asked Bosch for help, but Bosch said they could not solve the problem. In the end Karlsson solved it by using two magnetos. The engine was essentially two Fafnir engines in a row, driving the rear wheels via a chain. The chassis was also made in Germany. In 1905 the car was finished. Because of its size it was nicknamed Ormen Långe ('the Long Serpent', so called after the viking longship of the same name). According to news reports it had a top speed of 60 km/h (37 mph). However, the market was not ready for such a car and it did not enter production. GEA imported, assembled and adopted cars for the Swedish market. The company folded in 1909.
Ericsson later designed the 1933 Volvo Venus Bilo, a very early example of streamlined cars.
# Sergey Migitsko

Sergey Grigorievich Migitsko (Russian: Серге́й Григо́рьевич Мигицко́; born April 23, 1953) is a Soviet and Russian film and theater actor, TV presenter, Honored Artist of the RSFSR (1991), People's Artist of Russia (1998).

## Selected filmography

* 1974 — Dear Boy as Bill
* 1974 — The Straw Hat as Boben
* 1976 — Sentimental Romance as Syomka Gorodnitsky
* 1977 — Incognito from St. Petersburg as Khlestakov
* 1991 — Viva Gardes-Marines! as Jacques-Joachim Trotti, marquis de La Chétardie
* 1992 — The Chekist as Captain Klimenko's relative
* 1997 — To whom will God send as Arkady
* 1999 — Streets of Broken Lights as Strizhinsky
* 2005 — Doktor Zhivago as Gordon
* 2006 — Travesty as Savsky
* 2006 — Andersen. Life Without Love as Hans Christian Andersen / Christian X of Denmark
* 2011 — Secrets of Investigation as master
* 2013 — Chagall — Malevich as Israel Vishnyak
* 2013 — Sherlock Holmes as Philip McIntyre
# Sreshka

Sreshka (also written Srechka, Sireshka, Sireshkan or Srejka, Arabic: سريجكا, Kurdish: Sireshkan) is a village located in the Tel Kaif District of the Ninawa Governorate in Iraq. The village is located ca. 13 kilometres (8.1 mi) south of Alqosh and ca. 6 kilometres (3.7 mi) north of Telskuf in the Nineveh Plains. It belongs to the disputed territories of Northern Iraq.
Sreshka is populated by Yazidis.
# USNS Amelia Earhart

USNS Amelia Earhart (T-AKE-6), a Lewis and Clark-class dry cargo ship is the only ship of the United States Navy to be named for noted American aviation pioneer and women's rights advocate Amelia Earhart (1897–1937). The contract to build the ship was awarded to National Steel and Shipbuilding Company (NASSCO) of San Diego, California, on 27 January 2004. Her keel was laid down at the end of May 2007 at General Dynamics' NASSCO shipyard. In early 2007, Alex Mandel along with members of the Amelia Earhart Society (AES) and Amelia Earhart Research Association (AERA) successfully petitioned the naming of the ship.
On 26 July 2007 one of the ship's four 200-ton diesel-electric engines toppled from a truck delivering it to the shipyard in the 2700 block of Harbor Drive, San Diego. The engine damaged three vehicles, completely flattening one. A woman sleeping in the back of a van whose front-end was destroyed suffered minor injuries. The accident also created an 8-foot-deep (2.4 m) sink-hole in the roadway and ruptured a water main. The accident is believed to have been caused when the truck accidentally delivered the engine to the wrong gate of the shipyard and hit the curb while backing up in an attempt to turn around. The engine was recovered on 29 July by three heavy cranes.
At 9 p.m. 6 April 2008, a ceremony was held to christen the Amelia Earhart, with the honors of breaking the traditional bottle of champagne given to Amelia Earhart's closest living relative, niece Amy Kleppner. Ms. Kleppner is also sister-in-law of physicist Daniel Kleppner, whose wife Beatrice and daughter Sofie participated as Matrons of Honor. The new ship is designed to deliver ammunition, food, fuel and other dry cargo to US and allied warships at sea. It will be crewed by 124 civil service mariners and, at times, will include an additional complement of naval personnel and carry two helicopters.
On 20 November 2014 the Amelia Earhart collided with the USNS Walter S. Diehl in the Gulf of Aden.
* Amelia Earhart conducting underway replenishment with USS Hopper (DDG-70), November 2009
* Amelia Earhart under construction, January 2008
* USNS Amelia Earhart (T-AKE-6) dockside beside USNS Robert E. Peary (T-AKE-5)
# Roger Protz

Roger Protz (born 5 February 1939) is a British writer, journalist and campaigner. He joined the Campaign for Real Ale (CAMRA) in 1976 and has written several books on beer and pubs. Between 1978 and 1983 and from 2000 to 2018 he was the editor of CAMRA's Good Beer Guide.

## Biography

Protz was born in Deptford, London to a respectable working-class family in 1939. His father was a dockworker. During the Blitz he was evacuated with his mother to Norfolk. He grew up in East Ham in the East End of London and left school aged 16.
Protz joined the Labour Party Young Socialists and had been appointed as editor of its newspaper, New Advance, by 1961. While in the Labour Party, he joined the Socialist Labour League. In the 1960s, he also worked as a sub-editor on the features desk at the Evening Standard. In 1961, he resigned from New Advance to become the editor of the SLL's youth newspaper Keep Left. In 1964, he became editor of the Militant newspaper, and in 1968 of Socialist Worker, resigning in 1974. Subsequently, he spent a period lecturing part-time in journalism at the London College of Printing. Following a national economic crisis he lost his job.
Protz was subsequently hired by CAMRA in 1976 to edit its monthly magazine. He edited The Good Beer Guide from the 1978 edition onwards.
He writes a regular column for the Publican's Morning Advertiser, a monthly column for What's Brewing and also contributes to Beers of the World and All About Beer. He also wrote a beer column for The Guardian until 2006. In 2007, he lectured on the history of beer to the Smithsonian Institution in Washington DC. In 1988 he founded the British Guild of Beer Writers and was chairman of the Guild 2000–2003. His awards include two golden and five silver tankards from the Guild and he was named Glenfiddich Drink Writer of the Year in 1997 and 2004.
In a 2010 interview he described himself as a "green socialist" and a supporter of West Ham United F.C.
He was interviewed by Sheila Dillon for a 30-minute long BBC Radio 4 The Food Programme on 15 August 2016, aptly named "Roger Protz: A Life Through Beer".
Protz edited the Campaign for Real Ale's Good Beer Guide from 1978 to 1983 and from 2000. He announced in autumn 2017 that the 2018 Guide was to be his last.

## Publications

* Britain's 500 Best Pubs. London: Carlton Books, 2000 ISBN 978-1-85868-826-8.
* The Complete Guide to World Beer, 2004. ISBN 1-84442-865-6.
* Classic Stout and Porter, 1997. ISBN 1-85375-220-7.
* The Ultimate Encyclopedia of Beer, 1995. ISBN 1-86309-142-4.
* 300 Beers to Try Before You Die, 2005. ISBN 978-1-85249-273-1.
* 300 More Beers to Try Before You Die, 2013. ISBN 978-1-85249-295-3.
* The Family Brewers of Britain: A celebration of British brewing heritage. 2020. ISBN 978-1-85249-359-2.
* The Ale Trail: A celebration of the revival of the world's oldest beer style. 1995. ISBN 1-85882-041-3.
# Pathakam

Pathakam (Malayalam: പാഠകം; Sanskrit: पाठकम्; IAST:Pāṭhakam) (also transliterated as Padakam, Padhakam, Patakam, Padakom, Paadakam, Paadhakam etc.) is a traditional temple art form of Kerala in which stories from Hindu Puranas are narrated .

## Background

Pathakam is considered as a typical Keralite model of mythological story telling. This art form is similar to Koothu in its presentation style. Pathakam is traditionally performed by the Ambalavasi Nambiars. It is also performed by the Chakyar community. It is a bilingual art form in which a combination of Sanskrit and Malayalam is used. The language used in Pathakam is generally referred to as Semi-Sanskrit (Ardhasamskritam).
The stage setting and costumes are very simple. Only a lighted traditional lamp known as "Nilavilakku" is used in the stage, and there is no curtain. It has only one actor. Costumes of the actor are very simple and are predominated by the red colour. The costumes of the actor include a red "Kireetam" (or a red silk garment with a knot) on the head, "Chandanatilakam" and "Kunkumatilakam" on the forehead, "Bhasmakkuri" on the body, garlands on the neck and a loose piece of upper body clothing called "Uttariyam".
The person who presents the Pathakam are eloquent in Sanskrit and Malayalam languages and have a sense of humor. There are no musical instruments or other associated rituals.

## Legend

This art form is believed to be originated from the Koothu. There is a legend behind this belief. Traditionally, during the Koothu performance by Chakyar, the Mizhavu, a form of drum used in Koothu, is played by Ambalavasi Nambiars. In earlier days, Koothu, in which a story is told continuously, was performed in temple from noon to evening. Once, Chakyar was unable to reach the temple for performing Koothu. After waiting for Chakyar for a long time, the Pothuval, who manages the temple matters, asked Nambiar whether he can perform the Koothu. Since, the Koothu is traditionally performed by the Chakyar community, Nambiar refused to perform Koothu by saying that only the Chakyar has birthright to stand on the Koothambalam, the traditional stage for performing Koothu, and perform Koothu. However, on the compulsion of Pothuval, he agreed to tell the story to the audience in a simple form, without entering in the Koothamblam. Nambiar performed the story-telling outside the Koothambalam, in his own style, mixing Malayalam and Sanskrit languages, with simple costumes. By the time of his performance, the Deeparadhana in that temple was over.
In modern days also, Pathakam is performed only outside the Koothambalam, somewhere near Pradakshina Marga (പ്രദക്ഷിണവഴി), after the Deeparadhana ritual. The grooming and ceremonies are different from Chakyarkoothu but the stories told are similar to those of Koothu. Like Chakyarkoothu, the Pathakam performer sometimes becomes the narrator, sometimes the character, and sometimes becomes one of the audience by conversing with them.

## Gallery

* A Pathakam Performance from Koodal Manikyam Temple
* A padakam performance at Chirakkadavu Sree Mahadeva Temple
* At Chirakkadavu Mahadeva Temple
# Gunton, Suffolk

Gunton is a suburb of Lowestoft, in the East Suffolk district, in the English county of Suffolk. Gunton was a small coastal village, but over the years it has been suburbanised. Gunton has an estimated population of 6,640. The main A12 or Yarmouth Road runs through the area. The eastern part of Gunton, from Yarmouth Road to Gunton Cliff, is one of the most affluent parts of Lowestoft, after the North Broads area of Oulton Broad.
Hollingsworth Road, the main road through west Gunton, is named after the philanthropist Howard Hollingsworth who lived at Gunton Cliff.
Gunton was home to Roland Leighton and his family, and it is described by Vera Brittain in her First World War autobiography Testament of Youth.

## History

In 1931 the parish had a population of 110. On 1 April 1934 the parish was abolished and merged with Lowestoft.

## Attractions

The Pleasurewood Hills theme park is located on the outskirts of the village. Gunton Church is a round tower church.
Gunton Cliffs and Warren is a local nature reserve situated east of the B1385 Corton Road between Tramps Alley and to the south, Links Road. It is a mixed habitat of beach and sand dunes with vegetated cliffs covered in mostly bracken with gorse and small patches of heather. Sometimes this area is incorrectly referred to as Corton Cliffs. Corton Cliffs are further to the north at Corton village. In the autumn, Gunton Cliffs and Warren is a good area for seeing both common and rare migrant birds.
# Vladimir Urin

Vladimir Georgievich Urin (Russian: Владимир Георгиевич Урин) is a People's Artists of Russia; a Musical Theatre of Stanislavsky and Nemirovich-Danchenko director (1995–2013), then Bolshoi Theatre director until 1 December 2023.

## Biography

Urin began his theatre career in 1973. In 1981 he moved to Moscow where he became in charge of the Youth and Puppet Theatres Department in Theater Union of Russia. Four years later, he graduated from the Russian Academy of Theatre Arts and from 1987 to 1996 was the secretary at the Theater Union of Russia where he also worked as deputy President. Prior to it, in 1991, he became First Deputy President there, but all of the rankings ended for him in 1996. In 1994 he was behind the creation of the Golden Mask award as a National Theatre Award. In 1995 he became general manager of Musical Theatre of Stanislavsky and Nemirovich-Danchenko and two years later held the same position at the International Festival of Contemporary Dance. In 2013, after the scandals inside the Bolshoi theatre and the attack on Artistic Director Sergei Filin, he was appointed as General Director of the Bolshoi Theatre, replacing Anatoly Iksanov.
July 8, 2017, three days before the first night Urin called off the premiere of a ballet Nureyev about legendary dancer Rudolf Nureyev. He claimed it was due to the bad quality of the dancing. It was the first time a show has been pulled in such a way since the collapse of the Soviet Union, sparking rumours about the motivation behind it.

## Political involvement

In March 2014, Urin joined a host of other Russian arts and cultural figures in signing an open letter of support for Vladimir Putin's politics in Ukraine and Crimea. Signatories stated that they "firmly state support for the position of the president of the Russian Federation" in the region. The letter was posted on the website of Russia's culture ministry on March 12, 2014, few days before the annexation of Crimea by the Russian Federation.
In February 2022, Urin was among the signatories of a petition by cultural leaders calling on Putin to stop the ongoing Russo-Ukrainian War. The petition states: "We call on everyone on whom it depends, all sides of the conflict, to stop the armed action, and to sit at the table for negotiations. We call for the preservation of the highest value – human life." Other signatories included Vladimir Spivakov, Konstantin Raikin, Yevgeny Mironov, Valery Fokin and Alisa Freindlich. On November 30, 2023, he resigned from his position as director of the Bolshoi Theater in Moscow without explanation.
# Akçapınar, Kızıltepe

Akçapınar (Kurdish: Erban) is a neighbourhood in the municipality and district of Kızıltepe, Mardin Province in Turkey. The village is populated by Kurds of the Erbanî tribe and had a population of 494 in 2021.
# Köşkönü, Yüksekova

Köşkönü (Kurdish: Piştqesr) is a village in the Yüksekova District of Hakkâri Province in Turkey. The village is populated by Kurds of the Doski tribe and had a population of 350 in 2023.
The hamlets of Ağıllar (Page), Kurucak (Kaniyê Xecê), Ortakçı, Sarıtaş and Taşyazı are attached to Köşkönü.

## Population

Population history from 1997 to 2023:
# Sefid Shaban

Sefid Shaban (Persian: سفيدشبان, also Romanized as Sefīd Shabān; also known as Sefīd Shīān) is a village in Kuh Panah Rural District, in the Central District of Tafresh County, Markazi Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 142, in 36 families.
# Preventive diplomacy

Preventive diplomacy is action to prevent disputes from arising between parties, to prevent existing disputes from escalating into conflicts and to limit the spread of the latter when they occur.
Since the end of the Cold War the international community through international institutions has been focusing on preventive diplomacy. As the United Nations and regional organizations as well as global and regional powers discovered the high costs of managing conflict, there is a strong common perception of benevolence of preventive diplomacy. Preventive diplomacy actions can be implemented by the UN, regional organizations, NGO networks and individual states. One of the examples of preventive diplomacy is the UN peacekeeping mission in Macedonia (UNPREDEP) in 1995–1999. It was the first UN preventive action.
Preventive measures include: conflict early warning, fact-finding by UN missions or other bodies, confidence-building measures, early deployment, humanitarian assistance, and demilitarized zones.
# İbimahmut, Mazgirt

İbimahmut (Kurdish: Îwêmemûd) is a village in the Mazgirt District, Tunceli Province, Turkey. The village is populated by Kurds of the Hormek tribe and had a population of 84 in 2021.
The hamlets of Arılar, Devrişler, Karıncalı, Medet, Murat and Ortaklar are attached to the village.
# Vilva, Gornozavodsky District

Vilva (Russian: Вильва) is a rural locality (a settlement) in Gornozavodsky District, Perm Krai, Russia. The population was 341 as of 2010. There are 20 streets.

## Geography

Vilva is located 45 km north of Gornozavodsk (the district's administrative centre) by road. Vizhaysky Priisk is the nearest rural locality.
# Amirnan

Amirnan (Persian: اميرنان, also Romanized as Amīrnān; also known as Amīrnāl) is a village in Pain Taleqan Rural District, in the Central District of Taleqan County, Alborz Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 215, in 77 families.
# Kahan-e Pain

Kahan-e Pain (Persian: كاهان پائين, also Romanized as Kāhān-e Pā’īn; also known as Kāhān-e Soflá) is a village in Meshkan Rural District, Meshkan District, Khoshab County, Razavi Khorasan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 81, in 20 families.
# Meydanlık, Bismil

Meydanlık (Kurdish: Mellemus) is a neighbourhood in the municipality and district of Bismil, Diyarbakır Province in Turkey. It is populated by Kurds of the Barava and Surgucu tribes and had a population of 220 in 2022.