OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Blea Moor Tunnel

Blea Moor Tunnel is a (1.494 mi, 2.404 km) railway tunnel located between Ribblehead Viaduct and Dent railway station in England. It is the longest tunnel on the Settle-Carlisle Line, being almost twice as long as the second longest tunnel, Rise Hill Tunnel.

## History

Built by the Midland Railway, it took more than four years to complete. Construction started in 1872, with dynamite transported from Carlisle and Newcastle in carts to the construction site. The wages on offer to the miners who dug the tunnel were 5s (equivalent to £28.19 in 2023) to 5s 6d (equivalent to £30.56 in 2023) per day.
It was completed in 1875 at a cost of £109,000 (equivalent to £12,950,000 in 2023).
It passes some 500 feet below the moor after which it was named, and was built with the aid of seven separate construction shafts sunk from the moor above. This permitted sixteen separate gangs of workers to be used during construction (one from each open end and two from the foot of each of the shafts). Four of these were subsequently filled in but three were retained for ventilation purposes and are still used as such today (with occasional ice accumulation problems). At one point of the track's history, steam locomotives were tested for their worthiness by driving them through this tunnel.
The line from the south enters the tunnel on a rising 1% (1 in 100) gradient (the "Long Drag" beginning back at Settle Junction), but an initial summit is reached at the 1100 ft contour just under half a mile from the southern portal. From there, the rest of the tunnel is on a shallow descending gradient of 1 in 440 towards Dent Head.
In April 1952 a passenger train derailed shortly after exiting the tunnel due to a broken brake rod on the locomotive tender fouling the points. The use of rolling stock with Buckeye couplings and welded underframes was praised in preventing telescoping of the coaches and thus there were no deaths.

## Traffic

Any train that goes the full length of the Settle & Carlisle line goes through the Blea Moor Tunnel. This includes passenger trains, all run by Northern (eight each way per day in the 2023-24 timetable), various special excursions (some hauled by steam locomotives) and the many goods trains. A short distance south of the tunnel is Blea Moor Sidings signal box, which supervises the line through the tunnel and also over the adjacent Ribblehead viaduct.

## Train simulators

You can go through the Blea Moor Tunnel either with Microsoft Train Simulator, Trainz Classics 3 or Train Simulator Classic.

## Location

* Southern portal: 54°13′55″N 2°22′02″W﻿ / ﻿54.2319°N 2.3673°W﻿ / 54.2319; -2.3673﻿ (Blea Moor Tunnel (southern portal))
* Northern portal: 54°14′59″N 2°20′47″W﻿ / ﻿54.2497°N 2.3465°W﻿ / 54.2497; -2.3465﻿ (Blea Moor Tunnel (northern portal))
# National Party of the Lower-Middle Class

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The National Party of the Lower-Middle Class (Hungarian: Kispolgárok Országos Pártja, KPOP) was a political party in Hungary during the 1920s.

## History

The party was established by Lajos Szilágyi in 1926, shortly before the parliamentary elections that year. It allied with the Unity Party and ran unopposed in the Berettyóújfalu constituency, with Szilágyi becoming the town's MP, serving until the 1931 elections, which the party did not contest.
# Federation Hall, Kolkata

Federation Hall is a historical heritage building and nationalist institution of British India, situated at APC Road in Kolkata, West Bengal. The Federation Hall society was founded in 1905. Sister Nivedita proposed the name of the hall as Milan Mandir.

## History

While Lord Curzon proposed the Partition of Bengal in 1905, Bengali nationalist figure like Surendra Nath Banerjee, Rabindranath Tagore, Jagadish Chandra Bose, Taraknath Palit, Ananda Mohan Bose formed this educational, cultural and socio-political organisation. It was founded on 16 October 1905 in Kolkata on Raksha Bandhan ceremony. Anti partition movement was vastly organised by the society in all over the Bengal. Acharya P.C. Ray, Rashbehari Ghosh, Bipin Chandra Pal, Manindra Chandra Nandi, Sir Gooroodas Banerjee, Bhupendra Nath Basu, Ashwini Kumar Dutta, Krishna Kumar Mitra, Brahmabandhav Upadhyay, Khwaja Atiqullah of Dacca, Abdul Halim Gaznavi, Dr. Nilratan Sircar were also associated with the philanthropist society.
# Tornike Zoidze

Tornike Zoidze (Georgian: თორნიკე ზოიძე; born May 10, 1996) is a Georgian Rugby Union player. His position is Lock and he currently plays for RC Academy Tbilisi in the Didi 10 and the Georgia national U20 team.
# Derinçay, Şirvan

Derinçay (Kurdish: Kelmix) is a village in the Şirvan District of Siirt Province in Turkey. The village is populated by Kurds of the Sturkiyan tribe and had a population of 319 in 2021.
The hamlet of Dilecik is attached to the village.
# Antsahambaharo

Antsahambaharo or Antsambaharo is a town and commune (Malagasy: kaominina) in northern Madagascar. It belongs to the district of Sambava, which is a part of Sava Region. The population of the commune was estimated to be approximately 11,000 in 2001 commune census.
Only primary schooling is available in town. The majority 99.99% of the population in the commune are farmers. The most important crop is vanilla, while other important products are coffee and rice. Services provide employment for 0.01% of the population.

## References and notes

* ↑ Estimated based on DEM data from Shuttle Radar Topography Mission
* 1 2 3 "ILO census data". Cornell University. 2002. Retrieved 2008-02-23.
14°32′S 49°57′E﻿ / ﻿14.533°S 49.950°E﻿ / -14.533; 49.950
* This Sava region of Madagascar location article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
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# Belamoty

Belamoty is a town and commune (Malagasy: kaominina) in southwest Madagascar. It belongs to the district of Betioky Sud, which is a part of Atsimo-Andrefana Region. The population of the commune was estimated to be approximately 19,000 in 2001 commune census.
Primary and junior level secondary education are available in town. The majority 80% of the population of the commune are farmers, while an additional 10% receives their livelihood from raising livestock. The most important crops are rice and cassava, while other important agricultural products are beans and tomato. Services provide employment for 8% of the population. Additionally fishing employs 2% of the population.

## Geography

Belamoty is situated at the Onilahy River.

## References and notes

* ↑ Estimated based on DEM data from Shuttle Radar Topography Mission
* 1 2 3 "ILO census data". Cornell University. 2002. Retrieved 2008-03-12.
23°33′S 44°48′E﻿ / ﻿23.550°S 44.800°E﻿ / -23.550; 44.800
* This Atsimo-Andrefana location article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
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# Andekaleka

Andekaleka (also Gare Andekaleka) is a town and commune (Malagasy: kaominina) in Madagascar. It belongs to the district of Vohibinany (district), which is a part of Atsinanana Region.

## Geography

The town lies has a railway station on the East Coast line from Antananarivo – Toamasina.

## Economy

* the Andekaleka Dam, a hydraulic power station on the Vohitra river.

## Rivers

The town is crossed by the Vohitra river.
# Meydan Jiq, Malekan

Meydan Jiq (Persian: ميدانجيق, also romanized as Meydān Jīq and Meydānjīq) is a village in Gavdul-e Markazi Rural District, in the Central District of Malekan County, East Azerbaijan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 1,993, in 482 families.
# Mario Ruiz Armengol

Mario Ruiz Armengol (known as "Mayito" or "Mister Harmony") (March 14, 1914 in Veracruz, Mexico – December 22, 2002 in Cancun, Mexico), was a Mexican pianist, composer, arranger, conductor and music teacher. He was the son of pianist and conductor Ismael Ruiz Suárez and Rosa Armengol.

## Early life and career

Ruiz Armengol started to play piano at eight years old and debuted as a conductor at fifteen, along with Leopoldo Beristaín. At sixteen years old Ruiz Armengol was one of the founding members of the XEW-AM (a legendary Mexican radio broadcaster) music band.
He studied with José Rolón, Rodolfo Halffter and Joaquín Amparán, and in 1942 met Mexican composer Manuel M. Ponce with whom he started a close friendship. By 1954 he was nicknamed "Mr. Harmony" by American musicians such as Duke Ellington, Billy May and Clare Fischer.
Ruiz Armengol became very famous for his boleros. He also wrote more than 31 children's songs, 19 Cuban dances, 16 studies, 16 reflections, 32 miniatures, 5 waltzes, scherzos, minuets, sonatas, fantasies, preludes and piano works for four hands, chamber music for piano and violin, violincello, harp and flute. He was a highly reputed Mexican musician, a master of harmony and classical piano compositions.
# Susanne Grinder

Susanne Grinder (born November 1981) is a Danish ballet dancer. She joined the Royal Danish Ballet in 1998, becoming a principal dancer in 2012.

## Early life

Born in Helsingør in 1981, her father is a bank manager, her mother a graduate in Danish and history of art. She was brought up in Snekkersten in the north of Zealand as the youngest of four children. Like her sister Anne Mie, she went to local ballet classes. Noticing her talent, the teacher recommended she should attend the Royal Danish Ballet School where she was admitted at the age of seven.

## Career

After graduating from the ballet school, she became an apprentice at the Royal Danish Ballet in 1998, a member of the corps in 2000, a soloist in 2005 and in 2010 she was promoted to principal dancer after debuting as Odette/Odile in Swan Lake. Other leading roles include Aurora in The Sleeping Beauty, Marguerite in Neumeier's Lady of the Camellias and Juliet in Romeo and Juliet. She has also starred in August Bournonville's ballets, as Sylphide in La Sylphide, Teresina in Napoli , Hilda in A Folk Tale and Eleonora in The Kermesse in Bruges. Other highlights have included the title role in Giselle and Nikiya in La Bayadère. She has performed abroad in Spain, Italy, France, Russia, Germany and the United States.
When she was 26, Grinder contracted a serious illness which proved to be Lemierre's syndrome. As a result, it was a year before she could return to the stage.
# DN5

DN5 (Romanian: Drumul Național 5) is an important national road in Romania which links Bucharest with the southern country border with Bulgaria by the Giurgiu Russe Friendship Bridge.
DN5 has been designated as a priority express road, being upgraded between 2006 and 2009. Between Bucharest and Giurgiu, for the most part, it is a non-grade separated dual carriageway with no emergency lane, with entrances and exits from adjacent roads using roundabouts. Some segments (such as the Adunații-Copăceni bypass) are constructed to full motorway standard (dual carriageway, full grade-separation, wide median separation).
It is one of the most transited roads in southern Romania, serving as the main connection between Romania's capital, Bulgaria and the rest of Southeast Europe.

## Eastern Giurgiu bypass

Construction works on the DN5D (Romanian: Drumul Național 5D), the Eastern Giurgiu bypass, began in 2020. It was built to expressway-like standards and opened to traffic on 20 December 2021.
In the technical view, the contract for the 5,72 km of new road was signed with the Austrian company Porr for 106 million lei (excluding VAT) in 2019, the duration of the contract being 108 months.
Being sometimes also nicknamed the Autostrada nemțească (German motorway) due to it being made of concrete, with equipment brought from Germany, DN5D takes off transit and freight traffic to and from Bulgaria from the city of Giurgiu. In the meantime, the Bulgarian side came with a rendering of a new unified road & rail Danube bridge in the area of the existing Friendship Bridge, in which the road is a motorway with 2x2 lanes (likely to be the Veliko Tarnovo–Ruse motorway). The national road will be doubled in the Romanian side by the A5 motorway; however this is only a long-term plan.
# Gordon Reid (governor)

Gordon Stanley Reid AC (22 September 1923 – 26 October 1989) was an Australian academic who served as the 26th Governor of Western Australia. Born in Hurstville, a suburb of Sydney, New South Wales, he was educated at Hurstville Boys High School before enlisting in the Royal Australian Air Force, where he served as a flying officer during the Second World War. After the conclusion of the war, Reid studied at the London School of Economics in England, later winning a scholarship to Nuffield College at the University of Oxford. Having obtained his Doctorate of Philosophy, Reid lectured at the University of Adelaide before serving as the vice-chancellor of the University of Western Australia from 1978 to 1982. Appointed governor in 1984, he served in the position until 1989, resigning a month before his death from cancer.

## Early life and education

Reid was educated at Hurstville Boys High School in New South Wales from 1934 to 1937, then enlisted in the Royal Australian Air Force in 1942, reaching the rank of Flying Officer by the time of his discharge in 1946. He met and married his wife, Ruth, in Brighton, England while stationed at RAF Gamston. In his civilian career Reid worked as a reading clerk, accountant and clerk of papers. He was clerk of records for the Australian House of Representatives from 1952 to 1955, and was Serjeant-at-Arms at Parliament House, Canberra while studying for his Commerce degree. He then travelled to England where he obtained his master's degree and his Doctor of Philosophy degree at the London School of Economics. He won a Nuffield Scholarship.

## Academic and governor

Prior to serving as governor in 1984, Professor Reid lectured at the University of Adelaide and served at the University of Western Australia as Vice-Chancellor (1978–1982) and Professor of Politics (1966–1970, 1974–1978, 1983–1984). He was the author and joint author of various books and publications on Australian politics including:
* The politics of financial control (1966)
* Out of the wilderness: the return of Labor (1974)
* The Western Australian elections (1974)
* The premiers of Western Australia, 1890–1982 (1982)
As part of the Australian parliament's bicentenary publications project, Reid, assisted by Martin Forrest, was commissioned to write a history of the parliament.
In 1986, Reid was appointed a Companion of the Order of Australia (AC).
On 20 August 1989, the Premier, Peter Dowding, announced that Reid had been undergoing extensive surgery for cancer, and would be stepping down as governor. He died shortly after, on 26 October.
# Ida Keeling

Ida Olivia Keeling (née Potter, May 15, 1915 – August 28, 2021) was an American centenarian track and field athlete. Trained by her daughter Cheryl (Shelley) Keeling, herself a world record holder, Ida set Masters records in 60 meter and 100 meter distances for women in the 95-99 and 100-plus age groups.
Her story was featured in a segment in the Carl Reiner-hosted documentary If You're Not in the Obit, Eat Breakfast, on aging over 90, which premiered on HBO in June 2017. Ida was also featured on Our America with Lisa Ling on the Oprah Winfrey Network.

## Sports records
### 60 metres

In 2011, at 95 years old, Keeling set the world record in her age group for running 60 meters at 29.86 seconds at a track meet in Manhattan.
On February 24, 2018, Keeling set a world record in the 60-meter dash event at the Imperial Dade Track Classic, with a time of 58:34 in the 100 to 104 age group.

### 100 metres

In 2012, Keeling set the W95 American record in the 100-meter dash at the USATF Eastern Regional Open Championships with a time of 51.85. She was 97 years old at the time, which made her the oldest American female sprinter.
In 2014, at the 2014 Gay Games, Keeling set the fastest known time by a 99-year-old woman for the 100-meter dash at 59.80 seconds; at the time the relevant USA Track & Field webpage did not include a 100-meter record for US women older than the 90–94 age division.
On April 30, 2016, Keeling became the first woman in history to complete a 100-meter run at the age of 100. Her time of 1:17.33 was witnessed by a crowd of 44,469 at the 2016 Penn Relays.

## Personal life

Keeling's parents, Osborne and Mary Potter, emigrated to the United States from the island of Anegada in the British Virgin Islands. She was raised in Harlem, New York.
Keeling's mother died when Ida was young and her husband died of a heart attack when she was 42. She had four children, two of whom, Charles and Donald, died in drug-related killings in 1978 and 1980 respectively. Her elder daughter, Laura, worked as the CEO of two National Urban League affiliates. Her younger daughter, Shelley, is a lawyer and real estate investor who also coached for a local high school. Shelley also coached her mother and first convinced her to run in a "mini-run" at the age of 67.
In the book Can’t Nothing Bring Me Down: Chasing Myself in the Race against Time (2018), by Ida Keeling and Anita Diggs, Ida explained the secret to her health and fitness, stating she worked out 2-4 times a week and attended dancing classes. Her diet consisted of greens, fruit and cod liver oil, and she would have Hennessy with her coffee once a week.
She died in August 2021 at the age of 106.

## Additional

* List of centenarian masters track and field athletes
# Akhini

Akhini (Azerbaijani: Axını, Persian: آخینی) is a neighbourhood of Tabriz, the largest city in Iranian Azerbaijan.
Akhini is located in the northwest of Tabriz. It was originally a village near Tabriz with large farms and gardens. Due to the expansion of the city within last decades, all of Akhini's farms and gardens were the victims of the settlements and change of land use and Akhini became a part of Tabriz. Hokmavar, Sham Qazan, Jamshidabad and Qara Agaj are the neighbour districts of Akhini.
# Viverone

Viverone (Piedmontese: Vivron) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Biella in the Italian region of Piedmont, located about 50 kilometres (31 mi) northeast of Turin and about 15 kilometres (9 mi) south of Biella. It is on the shore of Lago di Viverone. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 1,434 and an area of 12.4 square kilometres (4.8 sq mi).
Viverone borders the following municipalities: Alice Castello, Azeglio, Borgo d'Ale, Piverone, Roppolo, Zimone.

## World Heritage Site

It is home to one or more prehistoric pile-dwelling (or stilt house) settlements that are part of the Prehistoric Pile dwellings around the Alps UNESCO World Heritage Site.

## Twin towns — sister cities

Viverone is twinned with:
* Povljana, Croatia
# Peter Schaufuss

Peter Schaufuss (born 1949 in Copenhagen, Denmark) is a Danish ballet dancer, director and choreographer.

## Biography

He is the son of ballet dancers Frank Schaufuss (1921–1997) and Mona Vangsaae (1920–1983).
Schaufuss trained at the Royal Danish Ballet School from age seven, and then joined the Royal Danish Ballet.
He was artistic director of the English National Ballet 1984 to 1990, and Berlin Ballet from 1990 to 1994. From 1994 to 1995, he was artistic director of the Royal Danish Ballet. In 1988 he founded English National Ballet School.
He was Knighted in Denmark for his services to the arts in 1988.
In 1997, he founded the Peter Schaufuss Ballet, based in Holstebro, Denmark.
Schaufuss owns Rose Theatre, The Basement Theatre and Saint Stephens in the Scottish capital Edinburgh.
# First Synod of Tyre

The First Synod of Tyre or the Council of Tyre (335 AD) was a gathering of bishops called together at Tyre by Emperor Constantine I for the primary purpose of evaluating charges brought against Athanasius, the Patriarch of Alexandria, who was deposed by the council.

## Background

Athanasius was involved in the early Christian christological and trinitarian debates, and supported the position of the Council of Nicaea in opposition to that of Arius and his followers.
In 328, Athanasius was elected as bishop or patriarch of Alexandria. Alexandria happened to be the city in which Arius was a priest. Opponents of Athanasius tried to prevent him from becoming bishop by alleging that he had not been elected properly, or that Athanasius had not yet reached the age of 30, which was the minimum age for bishops in the church; at Tyre, they alleged that he had facilitated his election through bribery.
After Athanasius succeeded to the see of Alexandria, the Arians had accused Athanasius of, among other things: immoral conduct, illegally taxing the Egyptian people, supporting rebels to the Imperial throne, and even murdering a bishop and keeping his severed hand for use in magical rites. More to the point, Constantine was persuaded to ask Athanasius to re-admit Arius to the church—which he would not do. In 334 Athanasius was summoned before a synod in Caesarea, which he did not attend.

## The Synod

The emperor Constantine had ordered a Synod of bishops to be present at the consecration of the church which he had erected at Jerusalem (the precursor to the Holy Sepulchre). He directed that, as a secondary matter, they should on their way first assemble at Tyre, to examine charges that had been brought against Athanasius. The Emperor also sent a letter to Athanasius, making clear that if he did not attend voluntarily, he would be brought to the Synod forcibly.
Eusebius of Nicomedia played a major role in the council and, according to Epiphanius of Salamis, presided over the assembly. About 310 members attended. Athanasius appeared this time with 48 Egyptian bishops. The council affirmed Arius's views as orthodox, admitted the Melitians to communion, and condemned Athanasius, who had already fled, convinced that he was not getting a fair hearing; from there, Athanasius went to Constantinople to make an appeal to the emperor.

## Aftermath

According to Athanasius's account of the council, the emperor was sympathetic to Athanasius's cause until Athanasius's opponents produced the further charge that Athanasius had threatened to cut off the grain supply to Constantinople from Egypt. This one charge, which was important to the Empire's livelihood, was enough for the emperor to exile Athanasius to Trier, then part of the Gallic prefecture of Rome (in present-day Germany).
Athanasius did not return from exile until the death of Constantine in 337.
Arianism was ultimately condemned by the First Council of Constantinople.
# Barred queenfish

The barred queenfish (Scomberoides tala), also known as deep queenfish or deep leatherjacket, is a species of ray-finned fish in the family Carangidae, the jacks and related fishes. It is found in the eastern Indian Ocean and western Pacific Ocean.
# Liberga

Liberga (pronounced) is a small village in the Municipality of Šmartno pri Litiji in central Slovenia. It lies in the Sava Hills (Slovene: Posavsko hribovje) east of Velika Kostrevnica. The area is part of the historical region of Lower Carniola. The municipality is now included in the Central Slovenia Statistical Region.