OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Itton

Itton (Welsh: Llanddinol), is a small village in Monmouthshire, south-east Wales, in the community of Devauden about 3 miles (4.8 km) north-west of Chepstow. The village covers about a 2-mile (3.2 km) radius, with about 70 properties across a rural area. The parish also includes the hamlet of Howick.
The church and Itton Court, the manor house, are located about 1-mile (1.6 km) from the main housing development at Itton Common on the B4293 road between Chepstow and Devauden. The woodland between Itton and Devauden is Chepstow Park Wood.

## History

The Welsh language name for the village derives from the dedication of the parish church to St. Deiniol, a 6th-century bishop. The English name first appears in records in the 13th century, as Edyton, Hedyngton or Edeton.
The parish church building itself is Grade II listed building dating in part from the 14th century although it was mostly rebuilt in 1869. The church stands beside Itton Court, originally a mediaeval fortalice of the Lords of Striguil or Chepstow. The fortified manor house was later extended. The eastern front was built for the house's owner, John Jeffries, in the early 18th century. In 1749 the house was bought by John Curre whose family extended it and rebuilt parts, particularly in the late 19th century.

## The Curre Hunt

The Curre Hunt was started in 1896 by Sir Edward Curre of Itton Court. He began by buying foxhounds from the old Chepstow Hunt and building hunt kennels at Itton. The Curre country covers some 200 square miles (520 km$^2$) between Chepstow and Usk and is bordered on the south by the Severn Estuary with the River Wye to the east. The Curre Hunt was well known nationally for their 'All White Pack'. All the foxhounds were bred to be white, although following the fairly recent amalgamation of the Curre and Llangibby hunts this characteristic has largely faded out; many of the dogs are still white but there are some coloured beagle-like dogs too.

## Nearby places

    Chepstow - 3 miles away from the Common
    Howick - nearby settlement 1 mile away from the common
    Devauden - local village - 1.5 miles away
    Shirenewton -local village - 2 miles away
# Derevyagino

Derevyagino (Russian: Деревягино) is a rural locality (a village) in Staroselskoye Rural Settlement, Vologodsky District, Vologda Oblast, Russia. The population was 2 as of 2002.

## Geography

Derevyagino is located 45 km southwest of Vologda (the district's administrative centre) by road. Dor is the nearest rural locality.
# Jon Kwang-ho

Jon Kwang-ho (Korean: 전광호) is a politician of North Korea. He served as Vice Premier of North Korea in the Cabinet and is a member of the Central Committee of the Workers' Party of Korea. He was member of the 13th convocation to the Supreme People's Assembly. Since August 2020 he is an alternate (candidate) member of the Politburo of the Workers' Party of Korea.

## Biography

He was appointed the head of South Hamgyong Province Provincial Planning Commission. In 2011 he became Chairman of the South Hamgyong Province People's Committee, and the National Sports Guidance Committee in 2017. In October 2017, he was elected to the Central Committee of the Workers' Party of Korea. In March 2014, he was elected as the 13th delegate to the Supreme People's Assembly. When Kim Young-chun died in 2018, he was a member of his funeral committee. On August 13, 2020 at the 16th Politburo meeting of the 7th Central Committee of the WPK he was appointed to an alternate (candidate) member of the Politburo of the Workers' Party of Korea.
# Jinan University Lebanon

Jinan University (Lebanon) (Arabic: جـامعة الجنان) is a private nonprofit institution of higher education with campuses located in the cities of Tripoli and Saïda in Lebanon.

## History

Jinan University is one of several educational institutions working under the umbrella of the Jinan Association, which operates primary schools, high schools, schools for people with special needs, and technical institutes active since year 1964. Jinan University was established in year 1988 and received its official authorization from the Lebanese Ministry of Higher Education in year 1991. In 1999, Jinan University was officially licensed by the Lebanese Ministry of Higher Education. In addition, Jinan University has published a number of scientific articles, as in the case of partnership with the University of Damascus and the International Private University for Science and Technology, such as oncology research and research by gifted students.

## Faculties

Jinan University has the following operating faculties and institutes:
* Faculty of Literature and Humanities (1999-)
* Faculty of Business Administration (1999-)
* Faculty of Communication (1999-)
* Faculty of Public Health (1999-)
* Faculty of Education (2010-)
* Faculty of Sciences (2012-)
* Political Science Institute (2015-)

## List of Academic Agreements

Herein, is a list of universities and institutions with which Jinan University has signed cooperative agreements:
* Albert Haykal Hospital (Nursing Education Partnership Program)
* Saydet Zgharta Hospital (Public Health Research Partnership Program)
* Orange-Nassau Hospital (Management and Nursing Education Partnership Program)
* AlZahraa Hospital (Nursing Education Partnership Program)
* Holy Spirit University of Kaslik (Professional Standards Framework for Excellence in Teaching and Learning in Lebanese Universities; co-funded by the Erasmus+ Programme of the European Union)

## Membership

* Union of Arab Universities.
* Association of Islamic Universities.
* Universities Association of Lebanon (UAOLB)
* The Arab organization of the Registrars in the Universities of Arab Countries.
* Union of Arab and European universities.
* Association of communication faculties in Arab Universities.
* Assembly of Registrars in Lebanese Private Universities.
* The Agency of French-speaking Universities (AUF-Agence Universitaire de la Francophonie).
# Kyuyorelyakh

Kyuyorelyakh (Yakut: Күөрэлээх, Küöreleex Russian: Кюёрелях) is a rural locality (a selo), the only inhabited locality, and the administrative center of Oktyabrsky Rural Okrug of Gorny District in the Sakha Republic, Russia, located 68 kilometers (42 mi) from Berdigestyakh, the administrative center of the district. Its population as of the 2010 Census was 541, down from 573 recorded during the 2002 Census.
# Yaylakent, Çayırlı

Yaylakent (Kurdish: Gulebax) is a village in the Çayırlı District, Erzincan Province, Turkey. The village is populated by Kurds of the Alan tribe and had a population of 111 in 2021.
The hamlet of Örenşehir is attached to the village.

## Covid pandemic

The village of Yaylakent in the Çayırlı district of Erzincan was quarantined as part of the measures to combat the corona virus.
In the information received from the Çayırlı District Governorship, "According to the decision of the Erzincan Provincial Public Health Council, the Yaylakent village of our district has been quarantined for 14 days as of April 15, 2020, within the scope of the measures to combat the corona virus, and entry and exit to our village has been prohibited." it was said. On the other hand, on March 30, the practice in Eskibağlar and Gediktepe villages, which were quarantined within the scope of new type of corona virus measures, in the Kemah district of Erzincan was lifted.
# Albert Elliott

Albert Ernest Elliott (5 March 1869 – 1 December 1900) was an English rugby union player who played club rugby for Cambridge University and St. Thomas' Hospital. Elliott gained his only international cap when he was selected for England in 1894. He is also notable for being one of the few international rugby players to die serving during the Boer War.

## Personal history

Percival was born in Basset Mount, Southampton in 1869, the youngest son of Thomas Christopher Elliot, a merchant, and Mary Jane Mason. He was educated at Cheltenham College before matriculating to St John's College, Cambridge in 1888. He received his BA in 1891, and continued his medical training at St Thomas' Hospital in London. He completed his studies in 1898, gaining his diploma of Licentiate of the Royal College of Physicians that year. He became the Resident Medical Officer at Queen Charlotte's Hospital.
With the outbreak of the Second Boer War, Elliott volunteered for service, and was utilised as a medic attached to No.4 field Hospital. He was present at both the Battle of Spion Kop and Battle of Vaal Krantz and aftwards was posted at Ladysmith. He was made Civil Surgeon-in-charge of the 4th Brigade, in medical charge of the 21st, 42nd and 53rd Batteries of the Royal Artillery. He held this role until his death from fever on 1 December 1900 at Middelburg, Transvaal.

## Rugby career

Elliot's is first recognised as a rugby player, when he joined the Cambridge University team. He played in on Varsity Match, winning his 'Blue' in the 1891 victory over Oxford. On leaving Cambridge, he joined St Thomas' Hospital rugby team, and it was while at the hospital club he won his first and only international cap. Elliot was selected for the England team to play in the final game of the 1894 Home Nations Championship, an encounter against Scotland. Played away from home at Raeburn Palace in Edinburgh, the Scottish team won the match 6-0, and Elliot was not reselected for the next tournament. The next season, Elliott was selected to play for invitational touring side, the Barbarians.
# Science and technology in France

Science and technology in France has a long history dating back to the Académie des Sciences, founded by Louis XIV in 1666, at the suggestion of Jean-Baptiste Colbert, to encourage and protect the spirit of French scientific research. France's achievements in science and technology have been significant throughout the past centuries as France's economic growth and industrialisation process was slow and steady along the 18th and 19th centuries. Research and development efforts form an integral part of the country's economy.
Scientific research in the country is supported by industry, by the network of French universities and by higher education establishments outside the main framework, Grandes écoles.
France ranked 12nd in the 2024 Global Innovation Index, compared to 16th in 2019.

## Historical overview

The tradition of scientific research in France can be traced back to the Scientific Revolution. France is home to some of the world's oldest universities (Montpellier, Paris) although they were, at the time of their foundation, more centered on philosophy, theology and law than on science.

## Institutions
### French écoles normales supérieures

* École Normale Supérieure
* École normale supérieure Paris-Saclay
* École Normale Supérieure de Lyon

## Scientific fields
### Physics

Radioactivity was discovered by Henri Becquerel in 1896. The theoretical foundations and mathematical framework of special relativity were laid by Henri Poincaré, before Albert Einstein used them in 1905 and later.

### Chemistry

The conservation of mass law was discovered by Antoine Lavoisier in 18th century France.

### Mathematics

The Cartesian Coordinate System was discovered by René Descartes in 1637 (and independently by Pierre de Fermat at the same period). The first calculator by Blaise Pascal (Pascaline) was made in 1642. (see also Adding machine) Probability theory was developed by Pierre de Fermat and Blaise Pascal in the seventeenth century (with Gerolamo Cardano and Christiaan Huygens).
France is home to 11 Fields Medalists, second only to the United States in number of Fields Medalists. The fictitious mathematician Nicolas Bourbaki's "association of collaborators" is based at École Normale Supérieure in France.

### Nuclear power

France carried out its first test of an atomic bomb in Algeria in 1960 and some operational French nuclear weapons became available in 1964. Then, France executed its first test of the much more powerful hydrogen bomb over its South Pacific Ocean test range in 1968; this first hydrogen bomb was dropped from a strategic bomber. France was the fourth de facto nuclear power after United States, Soviet Union and United Kingdom.

### Space science

In 1965, France was the third nation, after the former USSR and the United States, to launch its own space satellite. The French no longer launch their own satellites, however, preferring instead to contribute to the European Space Agency.
# Ilgiz Fattakhov

Ilgiz Suleymanovich Fattakhov (Russian: Ильгиз Сулейманович Фаттахов; born 7 March 1986) is a former Russian professional football player.
# Derevenka, Vologodsky District, Vologda Oblast

Derevenka (Russian: Деревенька) is a rural locality (a village) in Mayskoye Rural Settlement, Vologodsky District, Vologda Oblast, Russia. The population was 11 as of 2002.

## Geography

The village is located on Pochenga river. The distance to Vologda is 25km, to Maysky is 14 km. Gorka, Zarya, Strelkovo, Goncharka and Kovylevo are the nearest localities.
# Yulia Petrovna Vrevskaya

Yulia Petrovna Vrevskaya (Russian: Юлия Петровна Вревская; née Varpakhovskaya (Russian: Варпаховская); 25 January 1838 – 24 January 1878) was a Russian nurse and baroness. She served as a wartime nurse during the 1877–1878 Russo-Turkish War, where she died of a typhus infection.

## Biography

Yulia Petrovna Varpakhovskaya was born in Lubny on 25 January 1838. Her father was a general in the Imperial Russian Army. She attended the Odessa Institute for Noble Maidens before moving with her family to Stavropol. She married general and baron I.A. Vrevsky in 1856, but her husband was killed by injuries sustained in battle in 1858. Vrevskaya and her family moved to Saint Petersburg later that year, where she was appointed maid of honour to Empress Maria Alexandrovna. Vrevsky often traveled during these years, and she came into contact with several notable figures. She was a friend of writer Ivan Turgenev, and he may have had romantic interest in her. She was also friends with poet Alexander Pushkin, who is said to have treated her as his own sister.
During the 1877–1878 Russo-Turkish War, Vrevskaya volunteered as a nurse with the Holy Trinity Community. She trained with the Red Cross for several months, and then she joined several nurses in Iași to treat the wounded in an evacuation barracks. She sold her aristocratic family's estate and used the funds to support wartime nursing, and she traveled to field hospitals throughout the war to treat soldiers in combat zones. While on the battlefield, Vrevskaya suffered from a typhus infection, falling ill on 5 January 1878. She died on 24 January 1878 near Byala, Ruse Province, Bulgaria, where she was buried.
After Vrevskaya's death, several authors dedicated writings to her memory, including Turgenev, Pushkin, and Victor Hugo. A statue was built in her honor in Byala. Vrevskaya was portrayed by Ludmila Savelyeva in the Bulgarian–Soviet film Yuliya Vrevska, directed by Nikola Korabov in 1978. The film did not receive widespread attention until it was reintroduced at the Moscow International Film Festival in 2013.
# In Demand Radio

In Demand Radio is a commercial radio station based in Wallasey, Merseyside. The station broadcasts a Rhythmic Contemporary format to Liverpool, North West England and North Wales. It is owned and operated by In Demand Global Ltd.

## History

The station launched on 9 November 2020, operated by the team behind a local music festival, Reminisce Festival. Presenters at launch included former Radio City personalities Lee Butler and Gemma Cutting, as well as ex-Juice FM and Capital Liverpool presenter Baz Todd. The station also featured syndicated programming from notable dance music DJs such as Tiësto, Dave Pearce, Judge Jules and Roger Sanchez.
In March 2021, former Radio City and Greatest Hits Radio presenter Rick Houghton joined the station to present a weekend show and assist with the development of new programming ideas.

## Programming

In Demand Radio broadcasts from studios at 40 Mill Lane, Wallasey. Other than some syndicated programming, its entire output is locally produced. In Demand Radio’s breakfast show is presented by Lee Butler, Claire Simmo and Gemma Cutting. The station features a number of competitions and traditionally gives away a car to a nominated local carer or charity worker during Christmas.
Notable presenters on the station include Ian Redman of dance music group Ultrabeat.

## In Demand Decades

In November 2024, the station launched a second stream of programming, In Demand Decades, carrying a classic hits format. This station broadcasts on the same DAB+ multiplex as the main In Demand Radio.

## Transmission

In Demand Radio and In Demand Decades both broadcast on the MuxCo Wrexham, Chester and Liverpool digital radio multiplex, covering over 800,000 households in the regions of North West England and North Wales. The station's signal reaches as far north as Blackpool and as far south as Stoke-on-Trent, with much of Manchester also within coverage.

## Reminisce Festival

In Demand Radio is the official media partner of local music festival Reminisce Festival. The festival has been held every year since 2014 in Sherdley Park, St Helens. The station broadcasts live music from the festival's stages live on air.
# Çukuryurt, Artuklu

Çukuryurt (Kurdish: Curnik) is a neighbourhood in the municipality and district of Artuklu, Mardin Province in Turkey. The village is populated by Kurds of the Dakoran tribe and had a population of 247 in 2021.
# Sparrows (1916 film)

Sparrows (Dutch: Vogelvrij) is a 1916 Dutch silent drama film directed by Maurits Binger.

## Cast

* Annie Bos ... Mavis Keeves
* Lola Cornero ... Victoria Davitt
* Pierre Perin ... Harry Winderbank jr.
* Paula de Waart ... Buurvrouw van Mavis
* Fred Penley
* Max Leeds ... Charlie Percival
* Willem van der Veer
* Alex Benno
# Astafjorden

Astafjorden (Norwegian) or Ástavierda (Northern Sami) is a fjord (more accurately, a strait) in Troms county, Norway. It flows through the municipalities of Salangen, Gratangen, Ibestad, and Tjeldsund. The 30-kilometre (19 mi) long fjord flows from the Salangen fjord in the east to the Vågsfjorden in the west. The 3.5-kilometre (2.2 mi) wide fjord separates the islands of Andørja and Rolla from the mainland. There are several small fjords that branch off this fjord including: Lavangen, Gratangen, Grovfjorden, and Salangen.

## Name

The fjord (and the historic Astafjord Municipality) were named after the old Ånstad farm (Old Norse: Arnastaðafjǫrðr). The first element of the old name comes from the male name Arna or "Arne", the second element staða means "home" or "farm", and the last element fjǫrðr is identical with the word for "fjord". Thus, the name literally means the "fjord by Arne's farm".
Another possible explanation for the origin of the name of the Astafjord in Troms might be that it was named after Queen Asta, mother of King "Hellige" Olav in the 11th century who allegedly brought Christianity to Norway.
# Otyrar District

Otyrar (Kazakh: Отырар ауданы, Otyrar audany) is a district of Turkistan Region in southern Kazakhstan. The administrative center of the district is the selo of Shauildir. Population: 56,246 (2013 estimate); 53,131 (2009 Census results); 54,017 (1999 Census results).
# Arturo Berutti

Arturo Berutti (c. 27 March 1862 in San Juan, Argentina - 3 January 1938 in Buenos Aires) was an Argentine composer of classical music and librettos. He was best known for his notable theme Pampa (1897). The opera was based on the life of Juan Moreira. One of the influential Argentine opera composers of the late 19th and early 20th century and his music was influenced by the Italian opera. In 1895, he composed the opera Taras Bulba inspired on the novel by Nikolai Gogol.

## Life

He was born on 14 March 1858 or on 27 March 1862 in San Juan, Argentina. Berutti studied law in Buenos Aires. Thanks to his winning talent in 1884, with scholarship at the music stadium and he was able to study in Europe. He began his education at the Leipzig Conservatory with Carl Reinecke and Salomon Jadassohn and later studied in Paris, France, in 1889 and Milan, Italy, by 1890, where he was interested with the lyrics in Italian and in 1892, he composed his first classical operas Vendetta and Evangelina. He returned to his native Argentina in 1896 to focus on his composition work of writing various operas, the mostly on under his South American libretto issues. He was a pioneer of Argentine lyrics. He was also a music professor of Gilardo Gilardi Conservatory of Music, where he studied with him in Buenos Aires. He was also of his predominant production lyrics, what in much cases combined issues of Argentine folklore music. Berutti composed including with symphony, sonata and songs. Between his script highlights the treaty translation of the harmony of Salomon Jadassohn. Berutti died on 3 January 1938, aged 76 or 80 in Buenos Aires.
Felipe Boero was one of his students.

## Works

* Vendetta, opera, 1892.
* Evangelina, opera based on the novel by Henry Wadsworth Longfellow, 1893.
* Taras Bulba, opera based on the novel by Nikolai Gogol, 1895.
* Pampa, opera about Juan Moreira, by Eduardo Gutiérrez, 1897.
* Yupanki, opera on by Vicente Fidel López, 1899.
* Khrysé, opera with libretto based on the novel by Pierre Louÿs Afrodita, 1902.
* Nox horrida, opera, 1908.
* Gli Eroi, opera with libretto by Vicente Fidel López, 1919.
# Feofil Tolstoy

Feofil Matveyevich Tolstoy (Russian: Феофил Матвеевич Толстой, 6 June 1809, Saint Petersburg, Imperial Russia, — 20 February 1881, Saint Petersburg, Imperial Russia), was a Russian composer, music critic and writer who used the pseudonym Rostislav.
Tolstoy, the son of the senator Matvey Fyodorovich Tolstoy (1772—1815) and Praskovya Mikhaylovna Kutuzova (1777—1844), the daughter of the renowned Russian Field marshal Mikhail Kutuzov, worked for the most of his life as a mid-rank level state official, linked to the Moscow and Smolensk governors' offices, as well as the Ministry of Defense. He authored more than 200 romances (including the earliest, 1829, adaptation of Pushkin's "Ya vas lyubil...", "I Loved You"), as well as two operas. The first, Birichino di Parigi (with an Italian libretto), was produced in Naples, Italy, in 1832 and in Saint Petersburg in 1835. The second, Doktor v khlopotakh (Доктор в хлопотах, Doctor in Business) was staged in 1851 in Russia.
Disillusioned with the response, Tolstoy embarked upon the career of a music critic and, contributing to Severnaya Ptchela, Golos, Moskovskiye Vedomosti and Journal de St. Petersbourg earned himself a reputation of an authority, mostly on Mikhail Glinka, Alexander Dargomyzhsky and Alexander Serov. Tolstoy wrote two short novels, Kapitan Toldi (Капитан Тольди, Sovremennik, 1852) and Bolezni voli (Болезни воли, Ailments of the Will, Russky Vestnik, 1859).
Alexandra Davydova (1815—1884), a well-known opera singer and a popular art salon hostess, was his wife.
# Burdukovo, Vologodsky District, Vologda Oblast

Burdukovo (Russian: Бурдуково) is a rural locality (a village) in Markovskoye Rural Settlement, Vologodsky District, Vologda Oblast, Russia. The population was 5 as of 2002.

## Geography

Burdukovo is located 24 km southeast of Vologda (the district's administrative centre) by road. Nikulino is the nearest rural locality.
# River Ugie

The River Ugie (Scottish Gaelic: Uisge Ùigidh) or Ugie Water is a river in North East Scotland; it flows into the North Sea on the east coast at Peterhead, north of Cruden Bay. There is considerable evidence of prehistoric settlement within the Ugie drainage basin, especially in the South Ugie Water catchment basin. For example, the Catto Long Barrow is found somewhat to the south of the Ugie Water mainstem.
The river has two crossings: Balmoor Bridge, just north of Peterhead, and the George Birnie Memorial Bridge, a pedestrian bridge at Peterhead Golf Club.

## Tributaries

* North Ugie Water
* South Ugie Water

## Settlements

(from west to east)
* Old Deer
* Stuartfield
* Mintlaw
* Inverquhomery
* Longside
* Rora
* Newseat
* Inverugie
* Peterhead