OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Valery Makharadze

Valery Antonovich Makharadze (Russian: Валерий Антонович Махарадзе; 5 March 1940 – 15 November 2008) was a politician in Russia who held a number of senior posts during the presidency of Boris Yeltsin, including deputy prime minister. He was removed from the latter office with the dissolution of the cabinet of Boris Yeltsin and Yegor Gaidar and the creation of Viktor Chernomyrdin's first cabinet.

## Career in government

Under the USSR, Makharadze served as the chairman of the Volgograd Oblast soviet.
In 1991, Makharadze's role was to manage the relations between the federal government and the various regional administrations of Russia, as a member of Boris Yeltsin's team. He was also involved in removing former Communist officials for suspected corruption as the Yeltsin administration's chief inspector, including what was referred to as "nomenklatura privatization." In March 1992 he was appointed as one of the Deputy Prime Ministers in Yeltsin's cabinet, being in charge of managing relations between the regions and the government in Moscow. As part of this, Makharadze and nationality minister Valery Tishkov signed an agreement with the German government to help resettle Volga Germans in their native region. Among his other tasks was to oversee the implementation of economic reforms begun by the central government in the regions. However, when Boris Yeltsin was making concessions to conservative opposition factions in order to gain approval for his economic privatization policies, despite the resignation of Deputy Prime Minister Mikhail Poltoranin it was expected the Makharadze would be forced to resign too. He suggested during this time that a stronger presidential administration was needed. Makharadze was removed from the position of deputy prime minister in December 1992, upon the formation of the new cabinet.
He later worked at the Russian embassy in Canada as a trade and commercial attaché, until at least 2003.
# Murum Dam

The Murum Dam (Malay: Empangan Murum) is a gravity dam on the Murum River in Sarawak, Malaysia. Construction began in 2008, the dam's reservoir began to fill in July 2013 and the first generator was commissioned in December 2014. The fourth and final turbine became operational on 8 June 2015. Concerns have been raised about the displacement of the Dayak people and the removal of rainforest due to the construction of the dam.
The dam site is located on the Murum River, which is in the uppermost part of the Rajang River basin, 200 km (124 mi) from Bintulu. The upstream of Rajang river includes four steps, which are Pelagus, Bakun, Murum, and Belaga. The Murum Hydroelectric Project is the second Step-Hydroelectric Project of the four steps, and is 70 km (43 mi) from the constructing Bakun Hydroelectric Project downstream.
# Darneh

Darneh (Persian: درنه) may refer to:
* Darnah Governorate, a former Governorate in Libya
* Doraneh, also spelled Darneh, a village in Iran
* Darneh, Kermanshah, a village in Iran
# James Faiva

James Nunu Fainga'anuku Faiva (born 13 June 1994) is a Tongan rugby union player who generally plays as a fly half represents Tonga internationally and currently plays for Italian Top10 Petrarca Padova. He was included in the Tongan squad for the 2019 Rugby World Cup which is held in Japan for the first time and also marks his first World Cup appearance.

## Career

He made his international debut for Tonga against Samoa on 27 July 2019.
# Namyndykan

The Namyndykan (Russian: Намындыкан) is a river in Magadan Oblast, Russia. It has a length of 199 kilometres (124 mi) and a drainage basin of 2,410 square kilometres (930 sq mi).
The Namyndykan is a left tributary of the middle course of the Omolon, Kolyma basin. The nearest village is Omolon, located to the east of its mouth. The basin of the river is a protected area.

## Course

The source of the Namyndykan is in the northern end of the Kongin Range of the Kolyma Mountains, by the southern limit of the Yukaghir Highlands. The river heads across an uninhabited area and flows roughly eastwards until its mouth. Towards its middle course the river meanders strongly in a floodplain where there are swamps and lakes. Some of the lakes are quite large, such as the Krokhalin Lakes (Крохалиные озера) north of the river channel. In its last stretch the Namyndykan reaches the Omolon floodplain where it bends northeastwards before the confluence.
The Namyndykan joins the left bank of the Omolon in the area where the great river makes a bend northwards. The confluence is 466 kilometres (290 mi) from the mouth of the Omolon, near the border of the Chukotka Autonomous Okrug.
The Namyndykan has 19 tributaries longer than 10 kilometres (6.2 mi). The main tributaries are the 39 kilometres (24 mi) long Neproydennyy and the 33 kilometres (21 mi) long Snezhnyy from the right, as well as the 48 kilometres (30 mi) long Vechernyaya and 35 kilometres (22 mi) long Silny from the left.
# Episcopal Diocese of Western Massachusetts

The Episcopal Diocese of Western Massachusetts is the diocese of the Episcopal Church in the United States of America in the five western counties of Massachusetts. Formed from a division of the Episcopal Diocese of Massachusetts, it was officially recognized at the organizing convention of November 10, 1901. At a special meeting on January 22, 1902, Alexander Hamilton Vinton, Rector of All Saints Church in Worcester, Massachusetts, was elected first diocesan bishop.
The first two Anglican parishes in what would become the diocese were started in Great Barrington in 1762 and Lanesborough in 1767 on the Housatonic River, at first served by priests from the Episcopal Diocese of Connecticut.
There are 50 <Diocesan Report 2022> congregations in the diocese. The Episcopal See is in the city of Springfield, Massachusetts. Since 1929, the cathedral has been Christ Church Cathedral, which was built in 1876<History of Christ Church, 1927.>

## Shareholder activism

After the February, 2018 Stoneman Douglas High School shooting, on July 12, 2018, a resolution proposed by Western Massachusetts Episcopal Bishop Douglas John Fisher on a national plan to invest in firearms manufacturers and retailers as a form of shareholder advocacy was approved by the House of Bishops during the 79th meeting of the General Convention of the Episcopal Church in the United States of America in Austin, Texas. The Episcopal Diocese of Western Massachusetts purchased 200 shares, the minimum holding needed to qualify to formally submit shareholder resolutions, of Springfield, Massachusetts-based firearms manufacturer American Outdoor Brands Corporation (AOBC), the parent company of Smith & Wesson. The Diocese partnered with the Adrian Dominican Sisters on a shareholder resolution asking AOBC to report to investors regarding the steps they are taking to reduce gun violence. On February 8, 2019 AOBC released a 20-page report, which said, in summary, "AOBC’s reputation among firearm buyers and Second Amendment supporters is more critical to the success of the Company and the enhancement of shareholder value than its reputation among industry detractors and special interest groups with a political agenda."

## Companion diocese

* Anglican Diocese of Kumasi

## Bishops

* Alexander Hamilton Vinton (1902–11)
* Thomas Frederick Davies (1911–36)
* William Appleton Lawrence (1937–57)
* Robert McConnell Hatch (1957–70)
* Alexander Doig Stewart (1970–84)
* Andrew F. Wissemann (1984–92)
* Robert S. Denig (1993–95)
* Gordon Paul Scruton (1996–2012)
* Douglas John Fisher (2012–present)
# Bakhrom Khamroyev

Bakhrom Khamroyev (Uzbek: Хамроев Бахром Мардонович, also Khamroev; born 1963/64) is an Uzbekistan-born lawyer and human rights defender. On May 23, 2023, a Russian court sentenced him to 14 years in prison on charges of terrorism for Facebook posts. He was previously a member of Memorial.
Khamroyev was born in Uzbekistan. He is known for providing legal assistance in Russia to labor migrants from Central Asia.
In September 2016, the Federal Security Service (FSB) conducted a raid at his home. All of his technical equipment and documents were confiscated. Khamroyev was detained and interrogated at the FSB headquarters.
On February 24, 2022, the day of Russia's invasion of Ukraine, Khamroyev was again detained. In May 2023, he was sentenced to 14 years for "online calls for terrorism and organizing a terrorist group's activities". According to Memorial, Khamroyev is being persecuted for his consistent human rights activities.
In January 2024, prison authorities in Vladimir Central Prison subjected him to physical violence.
Khamroyev used to come to court proceeding with posters protesting the Russian invasion of Ukraine and the persecution of dissidents.
   I used to dream that my beloved Uzbekistan would overthrow the dictator Karimov and at least gain the freedom it had in the late 1990s and early 2000s. Today, Russia has sadly outdone Karimov's dictatorship and resembles 1937 or worse with its repressions. I am sure this monstrous lawlessness that prevails in Russia will not last long and all innocent political prisoners will be released and rehabilitated
# Hush (2013 film)

Hush (Croatian: Šuti) is a 2013 Croatian drama film directed by Lukas Nola.

## Cast

* Tihana Lazović - Beba
* Milan Pleština - Tata
* Živko Anočić - Mirko
* Lana Barić - Mama
* Ksenija Pajić - Jelena
* Bojan Navojec - Simic
# Drugovo

Drugovo (Macedonian: Другово) is a village in the municipality of Kičevo, North Macedonia. It was the seat of the now-defunct Drugovo Municipality.

## History

After the capture of the village by Partisan forces, 24 Albanian men were executed by the incoming communist forces, with the pretext of cooperating with Fascisct forces.

## Demographics

In statistics gathered by Vasil Kanchov in 1900, the village of Drugovo was inhabited by 260 Muslim Albanians.
According to the 1942 Albanian census, Drugovo was inhabited by a total of 588 people, 537 of whom were Muslim Albanians and 51 Macedonians.
The Yugoslav census of 1948 recorded 537 people of whom 478 were Albanians and 59 Macedonians. The Yugoslav census of 1953 recorded 610 people of whom 358 were Turks, 179 Albanians, 70 Macedonians and 3 others. The 1961 Yugoslav census recorded 606 people of whom 412 were Macedonians, 141 Turks, 46 Albanians and 7 others. The 1971 census recorded 944 people of whom 764 were Macedonians, 151 Turks, 19 Albanians and 13 others. The 1981 Yugoslav census recorded 1291 people of whom 1046 were Macedonians, 149 Turks, 55 Bosniaks, 32 Albanians and 9 others.
The Macedonian census of 1994 recorded 1398 people of whom 1171 were Macedonians, 153 Turks, 61 Albanians and 13 others.
According to the 2002 census, the village had a total of 1,492 inhabitants. Ethnic groups in the village include:
* Macedonians 1,250
* Albanians 108
* Turks 128
* Romani 1
* Serbs 2
* Others 3
As of the 2021 census, Drugovo had 1,545 residents with the following ethnic composition:
* Macedonians 1,276
* Turks 122
* Albanians 81
* Persons for whom data are taken from administrative sources 60
* Others 6
# Rachel Galinne

Rachel Galinne (Rachel S. Gluchowicz; Hebrew: רחל גלעין; born 7 February 1949) is an Israeli composer.

## Life and career

Rachel Galinne was born in Stockholm, Sweden. She graduated from Uppsala University with a Bachelor of Arts degree in 1974 and then studied composition with Leon Schidlowsky at the Rubin Academy at Tel Aviv University, where she graduated with a Bachelor of Music degree in 1984 and a Master of Music degree in 1988. She also studied composition with Witold Lutoslawski in France, and attended Darmstadt.
After completing her studies, she worked as a composer. In 1994 she received the Prime Minister's Prize for Composers and the ACUM Prize.

## Discography

Galinne has issued the following CD albums available at the Israel Music Institute:
* Rachel Galinne (1999)
* Prisms (2004)
* I Will Walk in the Land of the Living (2008)
* A Voice Crieth in the Wilderness (2011)

## Works

Selected works include:
* Islossning, 2 pianoforte, percussion, 1984
* Cycles, 1986
* Concerto, 2 pianoforte, orchestra, 1988
* Trio, cl, va, pianoforte, 1989
* Symphony no.1, 1996
* Symphony no.2, 1998
* Uneginotai Nenagen [And We Shall Sing my Song of Praise] (Isaiah xxxviii), 16-pt mixed chorus, 1993
* Amitai in memoriam, for string quartet
* And They Shall Study War no More, for soprano, horn & piano
* Aphrodite, for flute solo
* Chamber Symphony, for chamber ensemble
* Chen, for percussion solo & chamber ensemble
* Dybuk, for Solo Clarinet
* Ethalech be'artsot hachayim (I Will Walk in the Land of the Living)for soprano and chamber ensemble
* Fugue for String Quartet
* Lo Yisa Goy el Goy Cherev, Nation Shall Not Lift up Sword Against Nation, for Vocal & Instrumental Ensemble
* Sonatat ha-Or (Sonata of Light), for Violin and Piano
* The Story of Bellet for tenor & three instruments
* Trio Energico for violin, cello and piano
* Kol Kore Bamidbar (A Voice Crieth in the Wilderness) for violin and piano
* Mahleriana for violin, viola, cello and piano
# Press subsidy in Luxembourg

A press subsidy (Luxembourgish: Staatlech Pressehëllef) is given by the government to newspapers in Luxembourg under the Law of 13 August 1998 on the Promotion of the Printed Press. They are awarded automatically to all general-interest newspapers appearing at least once a week that have full-time staffs of at least five journalists and of which advertisements constitute less than 50% of the newspaper.
The total programme amounted to €7,754,499 in 2009. One-third of the total subsidy is spread evenly between qualifying newspapers, with the other two-thirds being proportional to the number of pages. All newspapers except the dominant Luxemburger Wort depend on the press subsidy for survival.
In addition, newspapers received indirect subsidy by a preferential postal rate, a ceiling on television and radio advertising, and a reduced value added tax rate of 3%.

## 2009 subsidies

| Newspaper | Subsidy (€) |
| Tageblatt | 1,659,554 |
| Luxemburger Wort | 1,524,658 |
| Le Quotidien | 1,197,239 |
| La Voix du Luxembourg | 933,221 |
| Lëtzebuerger Journal | 540,421 |
| Télécran | 375,763 |
| Le Jeudi | 358,005 |
| Zeitung vum Lëtzebuerger Vollek | 353,281 |
| Revue | 321,984 |
| D'Lëtzebuerger Land | 259,954 |
| Woxx | 230,417 |
| Total | 7,754,499 |
| Source: Service Information et Press ||

## Footnotes

* 1 2 Fernández Alonso, Isabel; de Moragas, Miquel; Blasco Gil, José Joaquín; Almiron, Núria (2006). Press Subsidies in Europe (PDF). Barcelona: Generalitat of Catalonia. ISBN 978-84-393-7269-1. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2016-03-03. Retrieved 2010-11-20.
* ↑ Hirsch (2004), p. 140
# Yann Kerboriou

Yann Kerboriou (born 5 February 1988) is a French footballer who plays for FCM Aubervilliers.
# Valery Kuzmin

Valery Ilyich Kuzmin (Russian: Валерий Ильич Кузьмин; 7 November 1918 – 1 June 1983) was an aviation pioneer in Yakutia who became the director of the Yakutsk division of Aeroflot, the Soviet state airline, a recipient of the titles Honoured Pilot of the USSR as well as Hero of Socialist Labor. He was also the first ethnic Yakut pilot.
# Sian, Iran

Sian, Seyan or Siyan (Persian: سيان) may refer to:
* Sian, Jarqavieh Sofla, Isfahan County, Isfahan province
* Sian, Harand, Harand County, Isfahan province
* Sian-e Olya, Markazi province
* Sian-e Sofla, Markazi province
# Drummond Ford

Lieutenant Commander Drummond St Clair Ford (16 December 1907 – 12 December 1942) was a Scottish international rugby union player, who was killed in World War II.
He was capped five times for Scotland between 1930 and 1932, scoring three tries in that period. He also played for United Services Portsmouth Rugby Football Club and Royal Navy Rugby Union.
# Chyrpykty

Chyrpykty (Kyrgyz: Чырпыкты) is a village in the Issyk-Kul Region of Kyrgyzstan. It is part of the Issyk-Kul District. Its population was 2,627 in 2021. Scientist Kasym Tynystanov was born in the village.
# Abay District, Karaganda Region

Abay District (Kazakh: Абай ауданы, Abai audany) is a district of Karaganda Region in central Kazakhstan. The administrative center of the district is the town of Abay. Population: 54,057 (2013 estimate); 53,214 (2009 Census results); 65,306 (1999 Census results).

## History

Abay District was formed in March 21, 1973, under the name Michurinsky District, with the administrative center in the settlement of Topar. In 1997 it was renamed 'Abaysky' District and its administrative center was moved to the town of Abay.

## Population

The population is 58,673 (2019)
National composition (at the beginning of 2019):
* Russians – 23,587 people (40.20%)
* Kazakhs – 23,195 people (39.53%)
* Ukrainians – 3168 people (5.40%)
* Tatars – 2155 people (3.67%)
* Germans – 1981 people (3.38%)
* Belarusians – 1047 people (1.78%)
* Bashkirs – 471 people. (0.80%)
* Chechens – 424 people (0.72%)
* Azerbaijanis – 442 people (0.75%)
* Koreans – 293 people (0.50%)
* Poles – 199 people (0.34%)
* Chuvash people – 121 people (0.21%)
* Lithuanians – 159 people (0.27%)
* Moldovans – 157 people (0.27%)
* Uzbeks – 228 people (0.39%)
* Mordva – 100 people (0.17%)
* Greeks – 23 people (0.40%)
* others – 923 people (1.57%)
* Total – 58,673 people (100.00%)
# Psychopsis

Psychopsis is a genus of four known species of orchids native to northern South America, Central America and Trinidad. The genus name is abbreviated Pyp. in the horticultural trade.

## Description

Psychopsis are epiphytic orchids with laterally crushed cylindrical pseudobulbs from which two fleshy coriaceous leaves appear apically, in their center two floral wands emerge with large golden yellow flowers with purple spots on bands in sepals and on the lip whose edges are forming folds.
Psychopsis very often grows on the trunks and branches of trees. The flowers look like large butterflies with brightly colored bodies (the lip, a modified petal), very long antennae-like petals, and outspread wing-like dappled yellow and brown sepals.
The butterfly orchid is rumored to have started the European "Orchidmania" of the 19th century.
Very little is known about pollination in Psychopsis. Despite that the flowers are commonly likened to butterflies, they are probably pollinated by some type of bee, not butterflies.

## Taxonomy

Psychopsis was formerly included in the massively paraphyletic "wastebin genus" Oncidium within the section Glanduligera, named after the genus's distinctive oil-secreting glands. Orchids in this genus are commonly called butterfly orchids, but some species of other orchid genera are also called thus. The species Psychopsiella limminghei was once included in Psychopsis but is now accepted as its own monotypic genus.

### Species

Species currently accepted as of October 2020:
| Name | Distribution | Elevation (m) |
| Psychopsis krameriana (Rchb.f.) H.G.Jones | Costa Rica, Panama, Colombia, Ecuador, Suriname | 50 - 1300 |
| Psychopsis papilio (Lindl.) H.G.Jones | Panama, Trinidad, Colombia, Venezuela, Suriname, French Guiana, Brazil | 800 - 1200 |
| Psychopsis sanderae (Rolfe) Lückel & Braem | Peru, Brazil | 1220 |
| Psychopsis versteegiana (Pulle) Lückel & Braem | Suriname, Ecuador | 200 - 1200 |
# Torben Müsel

Torben Müsel (born 25 July 1999) is a German professional footballer who plays as an attacking midfielder and forward for 3. Liga club Rot-Weiss Essen.

## Club career
### 1. FC Kaiserslautern

Born in Grünstadt, Müsel grew up in Obrigheim in the Rhineland-Palatinate. He started playing football in the neighbouring town with SV Obersülzen. In 2006, he moved to the youth academy of 1. FC Kaiserslautern, where he signed his first professional contract ahead of the 2017–18 season.
Müsel made his professional debut on 25 September 2017 in a 5–0 away defeat against 1. FC Union Berlin in the 2. Bundesliga. He was in the starting eleven for the first time on 16 December in the home game against 1. FC Nürnberg, which ended 1–1.

### Borussia Mönchengladbach

After Kaiserslautern suffered relegated to the 3. Liga, Müsel signed with Bundesliga club Borussia Mönchengladbach for the 2018–19 season. He appeared for the reserve team during his first season and played 30 games in the Regionalliga West. Müsel made his debut in the Bundesliga on 20 June 2020 when he came on as a late substitute for Breel Embolo in the 3–1 away win over SC Paderborn. His second appearance came a year later, on 20 November 2021, in a 4–0 home win over Greuther Fürth.
On 18 January 2022, Müsel signed a contract extension with Borussia until June 2024. At the same time, Müsel was sent on a six month loan for the remainder of the 2021–22 season to Belgian First Division A club Eupen.

### Rot-Weiss Essen

On 30 January 2023, Müsel signed a contract with Rot-Weiss Essen until June 2024.

## International career

Müsel has played for Germany at youth level, and has been capped at U18, U19 and U20-level.
# Omm ol Azam

Omm ol Azam (Persian: ام العظام, also Romanized as Omm ol ʿAẓām) is a village in Veys Rural District, Veys District, Bavi County, Khuzestan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 13, in 4 families.
# Mağaraköy, İdil

Mağaraköy or Mağara (Kurdish: Kiwex) is a village in the İdil District of the Şırnak Province in Turkey. The village is populated by Kurds of the Salihan tribe.

## Population

Mağara was a large village at the start of the 1900s and was home to the Yazidi Çelkî tribe. When the Ottomans called upon them to join the army in 1910s, they refused. No school existed in the village.
In 2022, the village had a population of 15, increased from 6 in 2012. In the 1980s, the village was reported to be populated by the Hevirkan tribe, a tribe of Yazidi belief. In 2018, the village was reported to be populated by the Salihan tribe. The Salihan tribe has both Muslim and Yazidi members, but the ones in Mağara are Yazidi.
# The Phobos

The Phobos (Russian: Фобос. Клуб страха, romanized: Phobos. Klub strakha) is a 2010 Russian horror film directed by Oleg Asadulin.

## Plot

On a rainy summer day a group of young people go to a club called "Phobos", which is under construction and in the past used to be a bomb shelter. Suddenly all the club doors are automatically closed and the lights are switched off. Initially the characters perceive everything as a joke but later realize that they are trapped: their cell phones do not work and they did not tell anyone about their intention to go to this club. The goth girl Vika says that there is a creature that feeds on their fears and that they need to overcome their own feelings of fright.

## Cast

* Pyotr Fyodorov as Mike
* Timofey Karataev as Alexander
* Alex Sparrow as Zhenya
* Tatyana Kosmacheva as Yulia
* Agniya Kuznetsova as Vika
* Renata Piotrovski as Ira
* Pyotr Tomashevskiy as Roman
# Haptenchelys

Haptenchelys is a genus of deep-water eel in the family Synaphobranchidae. It contains two species. It is found in the Atlantic Ocean and Pacific Ocean at depths of 2,121 to 4,836 metres (7,000 to 16,000 ft).

## Species

There are currently 2 recognized species in this genus:
* Haptenchelys parviocularis Tashiro & Shinohara, 2014 (small-eyed abyssal eel)
* Haptenchelys texis C. H. Robins & D. M. Martin, 1976