OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Sonowal Khel

Sonowal is a designation of the gold-washers of Assam. They were previously addressed as Xunia thakur.

## Etymology

The name Sonowal comes from the word 'Son' (Assamese: সোন/Xün) which means gold in Assamese.

## History

Sonowal was a multicaste 'khel' (guild) of the many khels that existed in the Ahom Kingdom of the late medieval period. This khel was involved in the gold-washing business and it consisted paiks from different communities viz, Kacharis, Bihiyas (Chutias), Koch, Miri (Mising), Dafla (Nyishi) and Keot. However, the Kachari and Bihiya Sonowals were most numerous. Most of these Sonowals migrated from Sadiya and Sisi-Dhemaji regions respectively and resided in the forested area between the Buri Dihing and Dibru rivers (Matak territories) during the early 19th century. Gold-washing was the occupation of Sonowal paiks but other paiks sometimes used to join them and receives their share.
Although the designation of these paiks was Sonowal, they were generally known only by the names of their 'khel' or tribe or chief under whom they resided. They were placed in different parts of the country (Assam) under the authority of Phukans, Baruahs and other chiefs.
However, the Kachari Sonowal was a distinct class from rest of the Sonowals. And unlike others, they were entirely under the orders of the King himself, and they supplied him with gold when called upon to do so. They formerly resided at Sadiya and its vicinity.
Some Sonowals were associated with Silver-washing, they were called Rupowal or 'Rupia Thakur'.
The Keot Sonowals went extinct in due course of time. The Kachari Sonowal is the only khel that exists today and is recognized as one of the Scheduled Tribes (ST) of Assam.

## Surnames

The paiks in a khel were organized under a gradation of officials who commanded a set number of them. They were Bora (20 paiks), Saikia (100), Hazarika (1000), Baruah and Phukan (6000).
It is to be noted that the designations Thengal Baruah and Sonowal Baruah were introduced only in the reign of the Ahom King Purandar Singha (1818–19, 1833–1838). These officers remained in overall charges of these guilds and had to take a note of the total output of such washings conducted under the state initiative.
Formerly, the descendants of these officials used to use these designations as surnames. But as these surnames are common to all Assamese people irrespective of their caste, some frauds were found to take advantage of it in getting ST certificate. Hence, as per guidance of All Assam Tribal Sangha, all the new generation of Kachari Sonowals have started using 'Sonowal' as a surname.

## Notable Sonowals

* Sarbananda Sonowal, Indian politician, former chief minister of Assam.
* Jogendra Nath Hazarika, Indian politician, former chief minister of Assam.
* Pradan Baruah, Indian politician, former member of Assam Legislative assembly, MP of Lakhimpur Lok Sabha.
* Jogesh Das, prominent writer, recipient of Sahitya Academi Award
* Lohit Sonowal, inspector of Commando Battalion of Assam Police, awarded the Kirti Chakra military decoration
# Karatobe, Almaty Region

Karatobe (Kazakh: Қаратөбе, Qaratöbe), formerly Lenino, is a selo in Karasay District of Almaty Region, in south-eastern Kazakhstan.
# Gora, Tiginskoye Rural Settlement, Vozhegodsky District, Vologda Oblast

Gora (Russian: Гора) is a rural locality (a village) in Tiginskoye Rural Settlement, Vozhegodsky District, Vologda Oblast, Russia. The population was 9 as of 2002.

## Geography

The distance to Vozhega is 52 km, to Gridino is 26 km. Baranikha, Mushchininskaya, Lobanikha, Pozdeyevskaya, Zabereznik, Korotkovskaya, Zavrag, Koryakinskaya, Grishkovskaya, Shibayevskaya are the nearest rural localities.
# Ivan, Boris et moi

"Ivan, Boris et moi" is a song by French singer Marie Laforêt. It initially appeared in 1967 on her EP titled Marie Laforêt vol. XIV (also called Ivan, Boris et moi).

## Composition

The song was written by Émile Stern and Eddy Marnay.

## Track listings

7-inch EP Marie Laforêt vol. XIV (1967, Festival FX 1545)
    A1. "Ivan, Boris et moi"
    A2. "Je ne peux rien promettre"
    B1. "Pour celui qui viendra"
    B2. "Tom"

## Charts

"Ivan, Boris et moi" / "Tom"
| Chart (1967) | Peak position |
| Belgium (Ultratop 50 Wallonia) | 15 |

## Covers

There are two Russian versions of this song, "Tri plus pyat'" (Russian: Три плюс пять, lit. "Three plus five"), adapted by Leonid Kukso and recorded by Alla Yoshpe, and "Anton, Ivan, Boris'" (Russian: Антон, Иван, Борис), recorded by Edita Piekha.
# Max Hainle

Max Otto Hainle (23 February 1882 in Dortmund – 19 April 1961) was a German swimmer who competed in the 1900 Summer Olympics. He was born in Dortmund. As a member of the German swimming team he won the gold medal at the Paris Games. He also competed in the 1000 metre freestyle event and finished fourth.
# Yagub Eyyubov

Yagub Abdulla oghlu Eyyubov (Azerbaijani: Yaqub Eyyubov Abdulla oğlu; born 24 October 1945) is an Azerbaijani politician who has been First Deputy Prime Minister of Azerbaijan since 2003.

## Early years

Eyyubov was born Mingachevir in 1945. He studied at Azerbaijan Technical University in 1963, and briefly worked at the Sattarkhan Plant (then the Lieutenant Schmidt Plant) in 1964 before being conscripted into the Soviet Army from 1964 until 1967. In 1968, after returning to Baku, he continued his education at Azerbaijan Technical University and graduated in 1972 with a degree in construction engineering. While at the university, he served as chairman of the Komsomol Committee of the Construction from 1970 through 1972. From 1975 to 1997, Eyyubov worked time as a senior professor, and as the assistant dean, at the Azerbaijan Architecture and Construction University.

## Political career

He came into the Cabinet of Azerbaijan as Deputy Prime Minister in 1999 and served until 2003. On 13 February 2003 he was appointed as First Deputy Prime Minister.
Eyyubov has chaired the Interdepartmental Committee for Protection of State Secrets under the President of Azerbaijan, and the Committee for Cooperation with NATO under the President of Azerbaijan (established on 14 November 1997) and currently co-chairs the following commissions under the Ministry of Economic Development:
* Azerbaijan-Tajikistan Intergovernmental Commission on Trade and Economic Relations;
* Azerbaijan-Dagestan (Russian Federation) Intergovernmental Commission for Cooperation on Economic and Humanitarian Issues
* Azerbaijan-Belarus Intergovernmental Commission for Bilateral Cooperation on Economic Relations
* Azerbaijan-Moldova Bilateral Economic Cooperation Commission
* Azerbaijan-Pakistan Bilateral Commission
* Azerbaijan-Uzbekistan Intergovernmental Commission
* Azerbaijan-Romania Joint Intergovernmental Commission on Scientific and Technical Cooperation and Trade and Economic Relations
* Azerbaijan-Saudi Arabia Joint Intergovernmental Commission on Economic, Trade, Investment, Cultural, Sports and Youth Relations
* Azerbaijan-Russia Intergovernmental Commission on Economic Cooperation
* Azerbaijan-Moscow State Commission on Cooperation
* Azerbaijan-Ukraine Intergovernmental Commission on Economic Cooperation
* Azerbaijan-Turkmenistan Intergovernmental Committee for Cooperation on Economic and Humanitarian Issues
* Azerbaijan-Romania Joint Intergovernmental Commission on Scientific and Technical Cooperation and Trade, Economic and Cultural Relations.
In September 2009, he was also appointed to develop the oil and gas strategy of Azerbaijan by President Ilham Aliyev.

## Awards

* Sharaf Order (23 October 2015)
* Order of Friendship (22 September 2015)
* Order of Honor (22 October 2015)
# Accademia Veneziana

The Accademia Veneziana was an Italian learned society active in Venice from 1557 to 1561. It was founded by Federico Badoer and shut down by the Venetian government.
It was followed by another Accademia Veneziana which was active from 1594 to 1608.
# Passing of the Buffalo

Passing of the Buffalo (1929) is a 9-foot (2.7 m) bronze sculpture of an indigenous man by Cyrus E. Dallin, which rests on a 5-foot-tall gray boulder located in Muncie, Indiana, United States. It is also known as The Last Arrow.

## Description

The sculpture depicts a male figure clad in a breach cloth and a full-length war bonnet standing in the contrapposto position. His left hand holds a bow and his left foot rests upon a bison skull. The sculpture is placed atop a granite bolder, which is located in a traffic rotary at the intersection of Walnut and Seymor Streets. The sculpture is within sight of the only full-sized copy of Dallin's Appeal to the Great Spirit sculpture that is down the street. The original Appeal to the Great Spirit is a landmark piece in front of Boston's Museum of Fine Arts.

## History

Geraldine R. Dodge commissioned the sculpture, and it was initially located at Hartley Farms, her Madison, New Jersey estate. Dallin visited the site at the time of its installation and selected the boulder on which it rests. Dodge was an avid collector of sculpture and a significant benefactor of Dallin with twenty of his works in the auction of her estate.
The sculpture is significant in that in the 1975 Sotheby Parke Bernet auction, it set the record for a piece of Sculpture by an American with a sale price of $150,000. The sculpture was purchased by the wife and family of Fred J. Petty in his honor. Initially the sculpture was placed at the intersection of Walnut and Charles Street in front of the Ball Stores department store.
In 1999 the Ball Store edifice was torn down and the sculpture moved to the Minnetrista Museum and Gardens on the scenic shore of the White River. It was moved to its current downtown location on September 26, 2007.
# Kommunar (inhabited locality)

Kommunar (Russian: Коммунар) is the name of several inhabited localities in Russia.

## Rural localities

* Kommunar, Republic of Bashkortostan, a village in Kaltovsky Selsoviet of Iglinsky District in the Republic of Bashkortostan
* Kommunar, Bryansk Oblast, a settlement in Dobrikovsky Rural Administrative Okrug of Brasovsky District in Bryansk Oblast; 52°41′N 34°44′E﻿ / ﻿52.683°N 34.733°E﻿ / 52.683; 34.733
* Kommunar, Republic of Khakassia, a selo in Kommunarovsky Selsoviet of Shirinsky District in the Republic of Khakassia
* Kommunar, Kostroma Oblast, a settlement in Soltanovskoye Settlement of Neysky District in Kostroma Oblast; 58°10′N 43°32′E﻿ / ﻿58.167°N 43.533°E﻿ / 58.167; 43.533
* Kommunar, Krasnodar Krai, a settlement in Novomikhaylovsky Rural Okrug of Kushchyovsky District in Krasnodar Krai; 46°32′N 39°57′E﻿ / ﻿46.533°N 39.950°E﻿ / 46.533; 39.950
* Kommunar, Belovsky District, Kursk Oblast, a settlement in Kommunarovsky Selsoviet of Belovsky District in Kursk Oblast
* Kommunar, Sovetsky District, Kursk Oblast, a settlement in Sovetsky Selsoviet of Sovetsky District in Kursk Oblast
* Kommunar, Kingiseppsky District, Leningrad Oblast, a village in Opolyevskoye Settlement Municipal Formation of Kingiseppsky District in Leningrad Oblast
* Kommunar, Republic of Mordovia, a settlement in Starochamzinsky Selsoviet of Bolsheignatovsky District in the Republic of Mordovia
* Kommunar, Pochinkovsky District, Nizhny Novgorod Oblast, a settlement in Naruksovsky Selsoviet of Pochinkovsky District in Nizhny Novgorod Oblast
* Kommunar, Sharangsky District, Nizhny Novgorod Oblast, a village in Rozhentsovsky Selsoviet of Sharangsky District in Nizhny Novgorod Oblast
* Kommunar, Samara Oblast, a settlement in Bolsheglushitsky District of Samara Oblast
* Kommunar, Stavropol Krai, a settlement in Kommunarovsky Selsoviet of Krasnogvardeysky District in Stavropol Krai
* Kommunar, Tyumen Oblast, a settlement in Kommunarovsky Rural Okrug of Isetsky District in Tyumen Oblast
* Kommunar, Volgograd Oblast, a settlement in Kommunarovsky Selsoviet of Leninsky District in Volgograd Oblast
# Qarquluq

Qarquluq (Persian: قارقولوق), also rendered as Qarqaluq or Qarqoloq or Karqalak or Karghuluk, also known as Ghar Gholoon, may refer to:
* Qarquluq-e Olya
* Qarquluq-e Sofla
# Guénin

Guénin (French pronunciation:; Breton: Gwennin) is a commune in the Morbihan department of Brittany in north-western France.

## Geography

The River Ével flows southwestwards through the middle of the commune and forms its south-western border.

## Demographics

The inhabitants of Guénin are called in French Guéninois.
# Scuole Piccole of Venice

The Scuole Piccole of Venice are confraternities in the Republic of Venice. Unlike the more famous Scuole Grandi, membership in them was not restricted to citizens and indeed some of them were formed specifically for foreigners. Most Scuole, the scolae communes, were devoted to a particular saint or devotional cult, but some, the scuole delle arti, were associated with specific crafts or trade guild, and often obligatory for the members of that trade.
The confraternities were officially divided into Piccole 'small' and Grandi 'great' in 1467. By the fall of the Republic, there were 925 scuole piccole. Almost all scuole, grandi and piccoli, were suppressed by Eugène de Beauharnais, the Napoleonic Viceroy of Italy, in 1806–1807.
Besides commissioning some artworks for their own meeting houses—though not on the scale of the Scuole Grandi—many scuole also donated altarpieces to churches.
Some Scuole Piccoli had dedicated meeting houses; many did not, and met in parish or conventual churches. Some of the meeting places of these confraternities have been preserved.

## List

* Scuola degli Albanesi
* Scuola dei Greci
* Scuola dei Mercanti
* Scuola di San Giorgio degli Schiavoni
* Scuola di Sant'Orsola
# Eva Kotamanidou

Eva Kotamanidou (Greek: Εύα Κοταμανίδου) was a Greek actress.
Born on 16 March 1936 in Nea Filadelfeia, Athens, she became most known for O Thiassos (1975), Topio stin omichli (1988) and Alexander the Great (1980). She died on 26 November 2020, aged 84. In the elections of June and November 1989, she was elected as a member of the Parliament of Athens with the Synaspismos party. In the elections of May and June 2012, she was a candidate for the State Parliament with the Democratic Left.
# Jalal Kiani

Jalal Kiani (Persian: جلال کیانی, born 28 September 1989) is an Iranian handball player for Magnesium Ferdows and the Iranian national team.
# Qaleh Sorkh

Qaleh Sorkh or Qaleh-ye Sorkh or Qaleh-e Sorkh or Qaleh Surkh (Persian: قلعه سرخ) may refer to:
* Qaleh-ye Sorkh, Falavarjan, Isfahan Province
* Qaleh Sorkh, Fereydunshahr, Isfahan Province
* Qaleh Sorkh, Kermanshah
* Qaleh Sorkh, Bakharz, Razavi Khorasan Province
* Qaleh-ye Sorkh, Torbat-e Jam, Torbat-e Jam County, Razavi Khorasan Province
* Qaleh-ye Sorkh, Nasrabad, Torbat-e Jam County, Razavi Khorasan Province
* Qaleh Sorkh, South Khorasan
# Party for Sports

Party for Sports (Dutch: PartijvdSport, PvdS) is a political party in the Netherlands. It has a focus on sports, health, and a healthy lifestyle.
The Dutch name of the party, PartijvdSport, is not an abbreviation but the official name of the party. The letters 'vd' in the party name can refer to either 'of the' (van de) or 'for the' (voor de) sport.

## History

The party was founded in 2021 by Ronald Wouters and Maurice Ambaum. The party was founded in response to the problems surrounding the COVID-19 pandemic in the Netherlands, which, according to the party, showed that there was insufficient structural attention from politics for the promotion of sport and health. When the party was founded, it was made clear that the intention was to participate in both local and national elections, including the 2023 provincial elections and the 2023 House of Representatives elections, although they did not participate in the former.
The first elections the party participated in were the municipal reorganization elections in the municipality Maashorst, where the party received 236 votes, amounting to 36,7% of the quota and therefore did not receive a seat. In the 2022 municipal elections in the municipality of Olst-Wijhe, the party ultimately ended up with a residual seat on the council.
The party participated in 11 of the 20 electoral districts during the 2023 House of Representatives elections, with Anne Marie van Duivenboden as lead candidate. The party did not receive enough votes to obtain a seat.

## Ideology

The party's positions largely concern promoting public health. The party focuses, among other things, on healthier food, more sport and exercise, and combating smoking.

## Election results
### House of Representatives

| Election | Lead candidate | Votes | % | Seats | +/– | Government |
| 2023 | Annemarie van Duivenboden | 3,966 | 0.04 (#25) | 0 / 150 | New | Extra-parliamentary |

### Municipal elections

| Election year | Municipal council | Municipal council | Municipal council | Municipal council | Municipal council |
| Election year | Municipality | Votes | % | # of overall seats won | +/− |
| 2021 | Maashorst | 236 | 1.18% | 0 / 31 | New |
| 2022 | Olst-Wijhe | 369 | 4.43% | 1 / 17 | 1 |
# Jean-Luc Brassard

Jean-Luc Brassard (born August 24, 1972) is a Canadian freestyle skier who won the gold medal at the 1994 Winter Olympics. Brassard has been credited with popularizing the wearing of bright knee pads to show off absorption and leg position for mogul skiers to best show judges how smoothly the athlete is taking the turns. He was born in Salaberry-de-Valleyfield, Quebec. In his other Olympic appearances, Brassard placed 7th in 1992, 4th in 1998 and 21st in 2002.
In 2005 he became the spokesman of Le Massif.
In 2010, Brassard was inducted into Canada's Sports Hall of Fame. In 2012, he was inducted into the Canadian Olympic Hall of Fame.
Brassard served as an assistant chef de mission for Canada at the 2014 Winter Olympics.
In late 2014, the Canadian Olympic Committee (COC) appointed Brassard as chef de mission for Canada at the 2016 Summer Olympics. In October 2015, following the resignation of COC President Marcel Aubut over multiple allegations of sexual harassment of staff, Brassard became vocal about the COC's failure to properly examine the issue when allegations were made in 2008. In April 2016, Brassard resigned as chef de mission, later replaced by Curt Harnett.
Brassard is currently a radio commentator and also the narrator of the French version of the television documentary program How It's Made.
# Fastigial nucleus

The fastigial nucleus (roof nucleus-1) is located in each cerebellar hemisphere. It is one of the four paired deep cerebellar nuclei of the cerebellum.
It is made up of two sections: the rostral fastigial nucleus and the caudal fastigial nucleus.

## Anatomy

The fastigial nuclei is situated atop the roof of the fourth ventricle (thence its name: "fastigus" is Latin for "summit").
The fastigial nucleus is a mass of gray matter nearest to the middle line at the anterior end of the superior vermis, immediately over the roof of the fourth ventricle (the peak of which is called the fastigium), from which it is separated by a thin layer of white matter.
It is smaller than the dentate nucleus, but somewhat larger than the emboliform nucleus and globose nucleus.

### Afferents

The fastigial nucleus receives afferents from the vestibulocerebellar tract (containing first-order axons from the vestibular nerve as well as second-order axons from the vestibular nuclei), and from Purkinje cells of the vestibulocerebellum cortex.

### Efferents

The fastigial nucleus projects efferents to: the medial, lateral and inferior vestibular nuclei, reticular formation, ventral lateral nucleus of thalamus, and cerebellar cortex. It gives rise to fastigiovestibular fibres, and fastigioreticular fibres: both leave the cerebellum via the juxtarestiform body of the inferior cerebellar peduncle.
* fastigiovestibular fibres project principally to the lateral and inferior vestibular nuclei to influence the vestibulospinal tract bilaterally;
* fastigioreticular fibres project to the (pontine and medullary) reticular formation to influence the reticulospinal tracts (bilaterally, but mainly contralaterally).
Through the vestibulospinal and reticulospinal tracts, the fastigial efferents are involved in regulation of balance and posture as well as axial and proximal limb musculature activity.

### Structure
#### Rostral fastigial nucleus

The rostral fastigial nucleus (rFN) is related to the vestibular system. It receives input from the vestibular nuclei and contributes to vestibular neuronal activity. The rFN interprets body motion and places it on spatial planes to estimate the movement of the body through space. It deals with antigravity muscle groups and other synergies involved with standing and walking.

#### Caudal fastigial nucleus

The caudal fastigial nucleus (cFN) is related to saccadic eye movements. The Purkinje cell output from the oculomotor vermis relays through the cFN, where neurons directly related to saccadic eye movements are located.
# Jan Novak

Jan Novak may refer to:

## Entertainment

* Jan Novák (composer) (1921–1984), Czech composer of classical music
* Jan Novák (writer) (born 1953), Czech writer and playwright
* Jan Nowak-Jeziorański (1914–2005), Polish writer and activist

## Sports

* Jan Novák (handballer) (born 1960), Czech handball player
* Jan Novák (ice hockey) (born 1979), Czech professional ice hockey player
* Ján Novák (footballer) (born 1985), Slovak association football striker
* Jan Novák (footballer, born 1896) (1896–1968), Czech footballer
* Jan Novak (footballer, born 1997), Slovenian footballer

## Other

* Jan Novak is a placeholder name used in the Czech language, similar to John Doe in English
# Aviatik D.VI

The Aviatik D.VI was a German prototype single-seater fighter aircraft of the First World War, designed by Aviatik.

## Design

The D.VI was a two-bay biplane of wooden construction with ply-covered fuselage and fabric-covered wings and tail surfaces. Armament comprised two synchronised 7.92 mm (0.312 in) LMG 08/15 Spandau machine guns and power was provided by a geared Benz Bz.IIIbm.

## Development

The D.VI was intended to participate in the second D-type Contest held at Adlershof in June 1918, but, owing to problems with the reduction gear of the Bz.IIIbm, it was too late to participate in this contest, and by the time type-testing had revealed excellent flight characteristics, the D.VI had already been overtaken by the D.VII.

## Specifications

Data from
General characteristics
* Crew: 1
* Length: 6.10 m (20 ft 0 in)
* Wingspan: 9.66 m (31 ft 8 in)
* Height: 2.50 m (8 ft 2 in)
* Empty weight: 750 kg (1,653 lb)
* Max takeoff weight: 940 kg (2,072 lb)
* Powerplant: 1 × Benz Bz.IIIbm geared V-8 liquid-cooled piston engine , 149 kW (200 hp)
Performance
* Maximum speed: 188 km/h (117 mph, 102 kn)
* Cruise speed: 160 km/h (99 mph, 86 kn)
* Rate of climb: 4.1 m/s (800 ft/min)
Armament
* 2 × forward-firing synchronised 7.92 mm (0.312 in) LMG 08/15 "Spandau" machine guns
# Bandar Bukit Tinggi LRT station

The Bandar Bukit Tinggi LRT station is designated to be an elevated light rapid transit station in Bandar Bukit Tinggi, Klang, Selangor, Malaysia, forming part of the Shah Alam line.
The station is marked as Station No. 24 along the RM9 billion line project with the line's maintenance depot located in Johan Setia, Klang. The Bandar Bukit Tinggi LRT station is equipped with the Park & Ride facility, feeder bus and taxi stands, kiosks and restrooms and is directly connected to the AEON Bukit Tinggi Shopping Centre. The station is expected to be operational in February 2024, but Transport Minister Anthony Loke mentioned that the overall line would be expected to be operational by 1st March 2025 adding more delays to the opening of the Shah Alam Line.

## Surrounding Developments

Major developments in the vicinity of this Station:
* AEON Bukit Tinggi Shopping Centre
* Bandar Bukit Tinggi 2
* The Canvas Hotel
* Bandar Botanic commercial area
* GM Klang Wholesale City
* The Landmark commercial area
* Impiria Residences
* Car park