# Outline of immunology

The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to immunology:
Immunology – study of all aspects of the immune system in all organisms. It deals with the physiological functioning of the immune system in states of both health and disease; malfunctions of the immune system in immunological disorders (autoimmune diseases, hypersensitivities, immune deficiency, transplant rejection); the physical, chemical and physiological characteristics of the components of the immune system in vitro, in situ, and in vivo.

## Essence of immunology

Immunology
* Branch of Biomedical science
* Immune system
* Immunity
* Branches of immunology:
1. General Immunology 2. Basic Immunology 3. Advanced Immunology 4. Medical Immunology 5. Pharmaceutical Immunology 9. Clinical Immunology 6. Environmental Immunology 8. Cellular and Molecular Immunology 9. Food and Agricultural Immunology
* Classical immunology
* Clinical immunology
* Computational immunology
* Diagnostic immunology
* Evolutionary immunology
* Systems immunology
* Immunomics
* Immunoproteomics
* Immunophysics
* Immunochemistry
* Ecoimmunology
* Immunopathology
* Nutritional immunology
* Psychoneuroimmunology
* Reproductive immunology
* Circadian immunology
* Immunotoxicology
* Palaeoimmunology
* Tissue-based immunology
   * Testicular immunology - Testes
   * Immunodermatology - Skin
   * Intravascular immunology - Blood
   * Osteoimmunology - Bone
   * Mucosal immunology - Mucosal surfaces
      * Respiratory tract antimicrobial defense system - Respiratory tract
   * Neuroimmunology - Neuroimmune system in the Central nervous system
   * Ocularimmunology - Ocular immune system in the Eye
   * Cancer immunology/Immunooncology - Tumors

## History of immunology

History of immunology
* Timeline of immunology

## General immunological concepts

* Immunity:
   * Immunity against:
      * Pathogens
      ** Pathogenic bacteria
      ** Viruses
      ** Fungi
      ** Protozoa
      * Parasites
      * Tumors
      * Allergens
      * Self-proteins
   * Autoimmunity
   * Alloimmunity
   * Cross-reactivity
* Tolerance
   * Central tolerance
   * Peripheral tolerance
   * Clonal anergy
   * Clonal deletion
   * Tolerance in pregnancy
   * Immunodeficiency
* Antigen
   * Antigenicity
   * Immunogen
   * Superantigen
   * Allergen
   * Hapten
   * Epitope
      * Linear
      * Conformational
      * Mimotope
   * Tumor antigen
   * Antigen-antibody interaction
* Immunogenetics
   * Affinity maturation
      * Somatic hypermutation
      * Clonal selection
   * V(D)J recombination
      * Artemis complex
      * Recombination-activating gene
         * RAG1
         * RAG2
      * Recombination signal sequences
   * Junctional diversity
   * Immunoglobulin class switching
   * Allelic exclusion
   * Polyclonal response
* Phagocytosis
   * Opsonin
* Intrinsic immunity
* Leukocyte extravasation
* Cross-presentation
* Immune repertoire
* Original antigenic sin
* Antigen presentation
* Immunological synapse
* Co-stimulation

## Components of the immune system

Immune system

### Adaptive immune system

Adaptive immune system
   * Humoral immunity
      * Antibodies
         * Kinds of antibodies
            * Monoclonal antibodies
            * Polyclonal antibodies
            * Autoantibody
            * Microantibody
            * Neutralizing antibody
         * Classification
            * Allotype
            * Isotype
            * Idiotype
         * Functions
            * Antibody opsonization
            * Neutralisation
         * Regions
            * Paratope
            * Complementarity-determining region (CDRs)
            * Hypervariable region
            * Framework region
            * Fab Region
            * Fc Region
      * Polyclonal B cell response
   * Cell-mediated immunity

### Innate immune system

Innate immune system
   * Complement system
      * Classical complement pathway
      * Mannan-binding lectin pathway
      * Alternate complement pathway
      * Complement membrane attack complex
   * Surface barriers – Physical or chemical barriers that prevent infection (i.e. skin, tears, mucus, saliva, Gastric acid, etc.)
      * Antimicrobial peptides
      * Defensins
      * Lysozyme
   * Inflammation
      * Inflammatory reflex
      * Inflammasome
      * Granuloma
      * Acute-phase proteins
         * Amyloid
* SAP
* SAA
         * Positive
* Alpha 1-antichymotrypsin
* Alpha 1-antitrypsin
* Alpha 2-macroglobulin
* C-reactive protein
* Ceruloplasmin
* C3
* Ferritin
* Fibrin
* Haptoglobin
* Hemopexin
* Orosomucoid
         * Negative
* Serum albumin
* Transferrin

## Organs of the immune system

Lymphatic system

### Primary lymphoid organs

Primary lymphoid organs
   * Thymus - Site of T cell maturation
   * Bone marrow - Site of haematopoiesis and B cell maturation

### Secondary lymphoid organs

Secondary lymphoid organs
   * Spleen
   ** White pulp
   ** Red pulp
   ** Marginal zone
   * Lymph nodes
   * Mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue
      * Gut-associated lymphoid tissue
      * Bronchus-associated lymphoid tissue

## Cells of the immune system

White blood cells

### Myeloid cells

    Main articles: Myeloid cells and Phagocytes
    See also: Sentinel cell
   * Granulocytes
   ** Neutrophils
   ** Eosinophils
   ** Basophils
   ** Mast cells
   * Monocytes
   * Macrophages
      * Histiocytes (Tissue resident macrophages)
         * Adipose tissue macrophages
         * Kupffer cell - Liver
         * Alveolar macrophage (Dust cell) - Lung
         * Langerhans cell - Skin
         * Dermal macrophage - Dermis
         * Microglia - CNS
         * Perivascular macrophage
         * Meningeal macrophage - Meninges
         * Hofbauer cell - Placenta
         * Osteoclasts - Bone
         * Bone marrow macrophage - Bone marrow
         * Marginal zone macrophage - Spleen
         * Metallophilic macrophage - Spleen
         * Red pulp macrophage - Splenic red pulp
         * Tingible body macrophage (White pulp macrophage) - Splenic white pulp
      * Giant cells
         * Foreign-body giant cell
         * Langhans giant cell
         * Touton giant cells
      * Epithelioid cells
      * Bone marrow-derived macrophages - Generated in vitro
   * Dendritic Cells
      * Conventional Dendritic Cells
      * Plasmacytoid dendritic cells

### Lymphoid cells

Lymphoid cells
   * B cells
   ** Plasma B cells
   ** Memory B cells
   ** B-1 cells
   ** B-2 cells (the conventional B cells most texts refer to)
   ** Marginal-zone B cells
   ** Follicular B cells
   * T cells
   ** Naive T cells
   ** Helper T cells - Commonly termed CD4+ T cells
   *** Th1 cells
   *** Th2 cells
   *** Th3 cells
   *** Th17 cells
   *** T$_{FH}$ cells - Follicular helper T cells
   ** Cytotoxic T cells - Commonly termed CD8+ T cells
   ** Memory T cells
   ** Regulatory T cells
   ** Natural Killer T cells (NKT cells)
   ** γδ T cells
   ** Mucosal associated invariant T cells
   * Innate lymphoid cells (ILC)
   ** Group 1 ILC
   *** Natural killer cells (NK cells)
   ** Group 2 ILC
   *** Nuocyte
   ** Group 3 ILC
   *** Lymphoid Tissue inducer cells (LTi cells)

### Others

    (Non-hematopoietic cells with immune functions)
   * Stromal cells
      * Lymph node stromal cells
      * Follicular dendritic cells
   * Epithelial cells
   * Pericytes
   * Microfold cells (M cells)

### Hematopoiesis

    Main articles: Hematopoiesis and Hematopoietic stem cell
    See also: Leukopoiesis, Extramedullary hematopoiesis, and Cellular differentiation
   * Lymphopoiesis
      * Lymphoblast
      * Prolymphocyte
         * T cell development
            * Thymocyte
         * B cell development
            * Pre-pro-B cell
            * Early pro-B cell
            * Late pro-B cell
            * Large pre-B cell
            * Small pre-B cell
            * Immature B cell
   * Myelopoiesis
      * Common myeloid progenitor (CFU-GEMM)
         * Granulocyte-macrophage progenitor (CFU-GM)
            * Granulopoiesis
               * Myeloblast (CFU-G)
               * Promyelocyte
               * Myelocyte
               * Metamyelocyte
               * Band cell
            * Monocytopoiesis
               * Monoblast (CFU-M)
                  * CFU-DL - Dendritic cell / Langerhans cell precursor
               * Promonocyte
         * CFU-Baso (Basophil precursor)
         * CFU-Eos (Eosinophil precursor)
         * Megakaryocyte-erythroid progenitor cell (MEP)
            * Megakaryocytopoiesis
               * CFU-Meg
               * Megakaryoblast
               * Promegakaryocyte
               * Megakaryocyte
               * Thrombopoiesis
                  * Thrombocyte (Platelets)
            * Erythropoiesis
               * Proerythroblast
               * Normoblast
               * Reticulocyte
         * CFU-Mast
            * Mast cell precursors

## Molecules of the immune system
### Immune receptors
#### Antigen receptors

   * B cells
      * Antigen receptor - B cell receptor (BCR)
      * Subunits- Immunoglobulin heavy chain / Immunoglobulin light chain
      * Co-receptors
         * Stimulatory
            * CD21
            * CD19
            * CD81
         * Inhibitory
            * CD22
      * Accessory molecule (CD79)
         * Ig-α (CD79A)
         * Ig-β (CD79B)
   * T cells
      * Antigen receptor - T cell receptor (TCR)
         * Subunits - TRA@ / TRB@ / TRD@ / TRG@
      * Co-receptors
         * CD8 (CD8α / CD8β)
         * CD4
      * Accessory molecules
         * CD3
            * Subunits - one CD3γ / one CD3δ / two CD3ε
         * ζ-chain (CD247, CD3ζ, TCRζ)

#### Pattern recognition receptors (PRRs)

Pattern recognition receptor
   * Membrane-bound PRRs
      * Toll-like receptors (TLRs)
* TLR1
* TLR2
* TLR3
* TLR4
* TLR5
* TLR6
* TLR7
* TLR8
* TLR9
* TLR10
* TLR11
* TLR12
* TLR13
      * C-type lectin receptors (CLRs)
          See also: C-type lectin
         * Group 1 CLRs - Mannose receptors
* MRC1
* MRC2
* DEC205 (CD205)
         * Group 2 CLRs - Asialoglycoprotein receptor family
* DC-SIGN (CD209)
* Langerin (CD207)
* CLEC10A (CD301, MGL)
* CLEC5A (MDL1)
            * Dectin 1 subfamily
* Dectin 1 (CLEC7A)
* MICL (CLEC12A)
* CLEC2
* DNGR1 (CLEC9A)
            * DCIR subfamily
* Dectin 2 (CLEC6A)
* BDCA2 (CD303)
* Mincle (CLEC4E)
* DCIR (CLEC4A)
      * Scavenger receptors
         * Class A - Trimers
* MSR1 (SCARA1)
* MARCO (SCARA2)
* SCARA3
* SCARA4 (COLEC12)
* SCARA5
         * Class B - Two transmembrane domains
* SCARB1
* SCARB2
* CD36 (SCARB3)
         * Others
* CD68
* LOX-1
      * Formyl peptide receptors (FPRs)
* FPR1
* FPR2
* FPR3
   * Cytoplasmic PRRs
      * NOD-like receptors (NLRs)
         * NLRA (A for acidic transactivating domain)
            * CIITA
         * NLRB (B for BIR, or Inhibitor of apoptosis domain)
            * NAIP
         * NLRC (C for CARD domain)
* NOD1
* NOD2
* NLRC3
* NLRC4 (IPAF)
* NLRC5
         * NLRP (P for Pyrin domain)
* NLRP1
* NLRP2
* NLRP3
* NLRP4
* NLRP5
* NLRP6
* NLRP7
* NLRP8
* NLRP9
* NLRP10
* NLRP11
* NLRP12
* NLRP13
* NLRP14
         * NLRX
            * NLRX1
      * RIG-I-like receptors (RLRs) - Intracellular sensors of viral replication by direct interaction with dsRNA
* RIG-I
* MDA5
* LGP2
   * Secreted PRRs
      * Complement system (see complement proteins section)
      * Collectins
* Mannan-binding lectin (MBL)
* Surfactant protein A (SP-A)
* Surfactant protein D (SP-D)
* CL-L1
* CL-P1
* CL-K1
      * Peptidoglycan recognition proteins (PGRPs)
* PGLYRP1
* PGLYRP2
* PGLYRP3
* PGLYRP4
      * Ficolins
* FCN1
* FCN2
* FCN3

#### Complement receptors

Complement receptor
   * CR1 (CD35)
   * CR2 (CD21)
   * CR3 - Heterodimer: CD11b / CD18
   * CR4 - Heterodimer: CD11c / CD18
   * CRIg (Complement receptor of the immunoglobulin family)
   * Anaphylatoxin receptors
      * C3a receptor
      * C5a receptor (CD88)
      * C5AR2

#### Fc receptors

Fc receptor
   * Fc-gamma receptors (FcγR)
      * FcγRI (CD64)
      * FcγRIIA (CD32A)
      * FcγRIIB (CD32B)
      * FcγRIIIA (CD16a)
      * FcγRIIIB (CD16b)
      * FcγRT (Neonatal Fc receptor)
   * Fc-alpha receptors (FcαR)
      * FcαRI (CD89, FCAR)
      * Fcα/μR
   * Fc-epsilon receptors (FcεR)
      * FcεRI - Tetramer: FCER1A / FCER1B / two FCER1G
      * FcεRII (CD23)
   * Secreted Fc receptors
      * Polymeric immunoglobulin receptor (poly-Ig)
   * Fc receptor-like molecules
* FCRL1
* FCRL2
* FCRL3
* FCRL4
* FCRL5
* FCRL6
* FCRLA
* FCRLB

#### Cytokine receptors

Cytokine receptor
   * Type I cytokine receptors (Hemopoietin receptors) - Share extracellular WSXWS motif, Grouped by common receptor subunits
      * Common gamma chain (γ-chain, CD132)
         * IL2R - Heterotrimer: IL2RA (CD25) / IL2RB (CD122) / γ$_c$
         * IL4R / IL13R - Heterodimer: IL4RA / (IL13RA1/IL13RA2)
         * IL7R - Heterodimer: IL7RA (CD127) / γ-chain
         * IL9R - Heterodimer: IL9R / γ-chain
         * IL15R - Heterotrimer: IL15RA / IL2RB / γ-chain
         * IL21R - Heterodimer: IL21R / γ-chain
      * Common beta chain (β-chain, CD131)
         * IL3R - Heterodimer: IL3RA / β-chain
         * IL5R - Heterodimer: IL5RA / β-chain
         * GM-CSFR (CD116) - Heterdimer: GM-CSFRA / β-chain
      * Common gp130 subunit (gp130, CD130)
         * IL6R - Heterodimer: IL6RA / gp130
         * IL11R - Heterodimer: IL11RA / gp130
         * IL27R - Heterodimer: IL27RA / gp130
         * OSMR - Heterodimer: OSMR / gp130
         * LIFR (CD118) - Heterodimer: LIFR / gp130
      * IL12 receptor beta 1 subunit (IL12RB1)
         * IL12R - Heterodimer: IL12RB1 / IL12RB2
         * IL23R - Heterodimer: IL23RA / IL12RB1
      * Others
         * EPOR (Erythropoietin receptor) - Homodimer
         * G-CSFR (CD114) - Homodimer upon ligand binding
         * MPL (CD110, Thrombopoietin receptor) - Homodimer upon ligand binding
         * GHR (Growth hormone receptor) - Homodimer upon ligand binding
         * PRLR (Prolactin receptor)
   * Type II cytokine receptor - Lack WSXWS motif
      * Interferon receptors
         * Interferon-α/β receptor (IFNAR) - Heterodimer: IFNAR1 / IFNAR2
         * Interferon-γ receptor (IFNGR) - Heterodimer: IFNGR1 / IFNGR2
      * Interleukin receptors
         * IL10R - Heterodimer: IL10RA / IL10RB
         * IL20R - Heterodimer: IL20RA / IL20RB
         * IL22R - Heterodimer: IL22RA1 / IL10RB
         * IL28R - Heterodimer: IL28RA / IL10RB
   * Immunoglobulin superfamily (Some members)
      * CSF1
      * CD117 (c-KIT)
      * IL1 receptor family (IL1R)
         * IL1R type 1 (CD121a)
         * IL1R type 2 (CD121b)
         * IL1R accessory protein (IL1RAP)
         * IL1RL1 (IL33R, ST2)
      * IL18R - Heterodimer: IL18R1 / IL18RAP
   * IL17 family
      * IL17RA
      * IL17RB
      * IL17RC
      * IL17RD
      * IL17RE
   * Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor family - Trimeric cytokine receptors
   * Chemokine receptors - 7-transmembrane G protein-coupled receptors
      * CC chemokine receptors (CCRs)
      * CXC chemokine receptors (CXCRs)
      * C chemokine receptors (XCRs)
         * XCR1
      * CX$_3$C chemokine receptors (CX$_3$CRs)
         * CX$_3$CR1 (Fractalkine receptor)
   * TGF beta receptors - Single transmembrane pass serine/threonine kinase receptors
      * TGFBR1
      * TGFBR2
      * TGFBR3

#### Natural killer cell receptors

Natural killer cell receptors
   * Killer activation receptors (KARs)
      * Natural cytotoxicity receptors (NCRs)
* NCR1
* NCR2
* NCR3
      * Natural killer group 2 receptors (NKG2s)
* NKG2A
* NKG2B
* NKG2C
* NKG2D
* NKG2E
* NKG2H
      * Activating KIRs
         * KIR2DS1
   * Killer inhibitory receptors (KIRs)
      * Two domains, long cytoplasmic tail
* KIR2DL1
* KIR2DL2
* KIR2DL3
* KIR2DL4
* KIR2DL5A
* KIR2DL5B
      * Two domains, short cytoplasmic tail
* KIR2DS1
* KIR2DS2
* KIR2DS3
* KIR2DS4
* KIR2DS5
      * Three domains, long cytoplasmic tail
* KIR3DL1
* KIR3DL2
* KIR3DL3
      * Three domains, short cytoplasmic tail
         * KIR3DS1

#### Others

   * Leukocyte immunoglobulin-like receptors (LILRs)
      * LILR subfamily A
* LILRA1
* LILRA2
* LILRA3
* LILRA4
* LILRA5
* LILRA6
      * LILR subfamily B
* LILRB1
* LILRB2
* LILRB3
* LILRB4
* LILRB5
   * Eicosanoid receptors

### Antibodies

Antibodies
* Immunoglobulin A (IgA)
** IgA1
** IgA2
* Immunoglobulin D (IgD)
* Immunoglobulin E (IgE)
* Immunoglobulin G (IgG)
** IgG1
** IgG2
** IgG3
** IgG4
* Immunoglobulin M (IgM)

### Cytokines

Cytokine
* Chemokines
    See also: Chemotaxis
   * CC chemokines
   * CXC chemokines
   * C chemokines
      * XCL1
      * XCL2
   * CX$_3$C chemokines
      * CX$_3$CL1 (Fractalkine, Neurotactin)
* Interferons
** Interferon type I
*** IFN-α
*** IFN-β
*** IFN-ω
** Interferon type II
*** IFN-γ
* Interleukins
* Tumor necrosis factors
* Colony stimulating factors
   * CSF1 (M-CSF)
   * CSF2 (GM-CSF)
   * CSF3 (G-CSF)

### MHCs

Major histocompatibility complex
* MHC class I
* HLA-A
* HLA-B
* HLA-C
* HLA-E
* HLA-F
* HLA-G
* MHC class II
* HLA-DM
** α
** β
* HLA-DO
** α
** β
* HLA-DP
** α1
** β1
* HLA-DQ
** α1
** α2
** β1
** β2
** β3
* HLA-DR
** α
** β1
** β3
** β4
** β5

### Complement proteins

* Early stage (divided by pathway)
   * Classical complement pathway
      * C1Q complex - C1R / C1S
      * C4 - C4a
      * C2
   * Mannan-binding lectin pathway
      * MASP1 / MASP2
      * Mannan-binding lectin
   * Alternative complement pathway
      * Factor B
      * Factor D
      * Factor P (Properdin)
* Middle stage
   * C3 - C3a / C3b / iC3b
   * C5 - C5a
   * C3-convertase
   * C5-convertase
* Late stage
   * Membrane attack complex (MAC)
      * C6
      * C7
      * C8
      * C9
* Complement pathway inhibitors
   * C1-inhibitor - Classical, Lectin, Alternate
   * Decay-accelerating factor (CD59) - Classical, Lectin, Alternate
   * Factor I - Classical, Lectin, Alternate
   * C4BP - Classical, Lectin
   * Factor H - Alternate

### Antimicrobial peptides

Antimicrobial peptides

### Transcription factors

* NF-κB
* AP-1
* Interferon regulatory factors (IRF)
* NFAT
* NFATc1
* NFATc2
* NFATc3
* NFATc4
* NFAT5
* T-bet - T$_H$1 differentiation
* GATA3 - T$_H$2 differentiation
* RORγT - T$_H$17 differentiation
* BCL6 - T$_{FH}$ differentiation
* FoxP3 - T$_{reg}$ differentiation

### Signaling pathways

* JAK-STAT signaling pathway
* TGF beta signaling pathway
* TLR signalling pathway

### Cell adhesion molecules (CAMs)

Cell adhesion molecules
* Integrins - Obligate heterodimers of one alpha and one beta subunits
   * Alpha subunits
* A1
* A2
* A3
* A4
* A5
* A6
* A7
* A8
* A9
* A10
* A11
* AD
* AE
* AL (CD11a)
* AM (CD11b)
* AV
* AX (CD11c)
   * Beta subunits
* B1
* B2
* B3
* B4
* B5
* B6
* B7
* B8
   * Dimers
      * Cytoadhesin receptor
         * Integrin alpha6beta4
         * Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa - Heterodimer: ITGA2B / ITGB3
      * Fibrinogen receptor
         * Macrophage-1 antigen (CR3) - Heterodimer: CD11b / CD18
      * Fibronectin receptor:
         * Integrin alpha2beta1
         * Integrin alpha4beta1
         * Integrin alpha5beta1
      * Leukocyte-adhesion receptor:
         * LFA-1 - Heterodimer: CD11a / CD18
         * Macrophage-1 antigen (CR3) - Heterodimer: CD11b / CD18
         * Integrin alphaXbeta2 (CR4) - Heterodimer: CD11c / CD18
      * Very late antigen receptor:
         * Integrin alpha1beta1
         * Integrin alpha2beta1
         * Integrin alpha3beta1
         * VLA-4 - Heterodimer: CD49d / CD29
         * Alpha-5 beta-1
         * Integrin alpha6beta1
      * Vitronectin receptor:
         * Alpha-v beta-3
         * Alpha-v beta-5
* Immunoglobulin superfamily CAMs
      * SynCAMs - Synaptic cell adhesion molecules
      * NCAMs - Neural cell adhesion molecules
      * Intercellular adhesion molecules (ICAMs)
* ICAM-1
* ICAM2
* ICAM3
* ICAM4
* ICAM5
      * VCAM-1 (CD106)
      * PECAM-1 (CD31)
      * L1 family
* L1-CAM
* CHL1
* Neurofascin
* NrCAM
      * SIGLEC family - Sialic acid binding lectins
* SIGLEC1 (Sialoadhesin)
* SIGLEC2 (CD22)
* SIGLEC3 (CD33)
* SIGLEC4 (MAG)
* SIGLEC5
* SIGLEC6
* SIGLEC7
* SIGLEC8
* SIGLEC9
* SIGLEC10
* SIGLEC11
* SIGLEC12
* SIGLEC14
* SIGLEC15
      * CTX family
* CTX
* Junctional adhesion molecule
* BT-IGSF
* CAR
* VSIG
* ESAM
      * Nectins
* PVRL1
* PVRL2
* PVRL3
* Nectin-4
* CADM1
* CADM3
* NECL3
* NECL4
* NECL5
      * CD2 family
         * CD2
         * CD58
         * Signaling lymphocytic activation molecules (SLAMs)
* SLAMF1 (CD150)
* SLAMF2 (CD48)
* SLAMF3 (CD229, LY9)
* SLAMF4 (CD244)
* SLAMF5 (CD84)
* SLAMF6 (CD352)
* SLAMF7 (CD319)
* SLAMF8 (CD353)
* SLAMF9
* Cadherins
* Selectins
   * E-selectin
   * L-selectin
   * P-selectin
* Others
   * Lymphocyte homing receptors
      * CD34
      * GLYCAM-1
      * Addressin (MAdCAM-1)
   * CD44
   * Carcinoembryonic antigens
* CEACAM1
* CEACAM3
* CEACAM4
* CEACAM5
* CEACAM6
* CEACAM7
* CEACAM8
* CEACAM16
* CEACAM18
* CEACAM19
* CEACAM20
* CEACAM21
   * CD24
   * CD44
   * CD146
   * CD164

### Others

* CD69
* Sphingosine-1-phosphate receptors
* S1PR1
* S1PR2
* S1PR3
* S1PR4
* S1PR5
* Co-stimulatory molecules
   * CD80 - Expressed by APCs
   * CD86 - Expressed by APCs
   * CD28 family receptors
      * CD28 - Expressed by T Cells
      * CD278 (ICOS) - Homodimer, expressed by T Cells
      * CTLA-4 (CD152)
      * PD-1 (CD279)

## Immune system disorders

Immune disorder

### Hypersensitivity and Allergy

   * Type 1 hypersensitivity / Allergy / Atopy
      * Foreign (Allergen)
         * Atopic eczema
         * Allergic urticaria
         * Allergic rhinitis (Hay fever)
         * Allergic asthma
         * Anaphylaxis
         * Food allergy
            * Milk allergy
            * Egg allergy
            * Peanut allergy
            * Tree nut allergy
            * Seafood allergy
            * Soy allergy
            * Wheat allergy
            * Garlic allergy
         * Penicillin allergy
   * Type 2 hypersensitivity / Antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC)
      * Foreign
         * Pernicious anemia
         * Hemolytic disease of the newborn
      * Autoimmune
         * Cytotoxic
            * Autoimmune hemolytic anemia
            * Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura
            * Bullous pemphigoid
            * Pemphigus vulgaris
            * Rheumatic fever
            * Goodpasture's syndrome
         * Type 5 / Receptor mediated
            * Graves' disease
            * Myasthenia gravis
   * Type 3 hypersensitivity / Immune complex
      * Foreign
         * Henoch–Schönlein purpura
         * Hypersensitivity vasculitis
         * Reactive arthritis
         * Farmer's lung
         * Post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis
         * Serum sickness
         * Arthus reaction
      * Autoimmune
         * Systemic lupus erythematosus
         * Subacute bacterial endocarditis
         * Rheumatoid arthritis
   * Type 4 hypersensitivity (Delayed-Type Hypersensitivity)
      * Foreign
         * Allergic contact dermatitis
         * Mantoux test
      * Autoimmune
         * Diabetes mellitus type 1
         * Hashimoto's thyroiditis
         * Guillain–Barré syndrome
         * Multiple sclerosis
         * Coeliac disease
         * Giant-cell arteritis
      * GVHD (Graft-versus-host disease)
         * Transfusion-associated graft versus host disease
   * Unknown/Multiple types
      * Foreign
         * Hypersensitivity pneumonitis
         * Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis
         * Transplant rejection
         * Latex allergy (I+IV)
      * Autoimmune
         * Sjögren's syndrome
         * Autoimmune hepatitis
         * Autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome (APS1 / APS2)
         * Autoimmune adrenalitis
         * Systemic autoimmune disease

### Immunodeficiency

Immunodeficiency
   * Primary immunodeficiency
   * Acquired immunodeficiency
   * Complement deficiency

### Inflammatory diseases

   * Sepsis
   * Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)
   * Cytokine storm

### Immunoproliferative immunoglobulin disorders

Immunoproliferative immunoglobulin disorders

### Lymphatic organ disease
## Immunologic techniques and tests

* Flow cytometry
* Mass cytometry
* Histology
* Adoptive cell transfer
* Experiments in immunology
* Genetically modified mouse
* Immunofluorescence
* Immunofixation
* Immunoadsorption
* MHC multimer
* Hybridoma technology
   * Rabbit hybridoma
   * Developmental studies hybridoma bank

## Immunology and health

* Prevention
* Immunostimulants
* Immunotherapy
   * Activation immunotherapy
      * Cancer immunotherapy
      * Autologous immune enhancement therapy
   * Immunosuppression
      * Sublingual immunotherapy
      * Allergen immunotherapy
      * Immunosuppressive drug
* Artificial induction of immunity
* Immunization
   * Active immunotherapy
   * Passive immunity
      * Temporarily induced immunity
      * Adoptive immunity
* Vaccination
   * Vaccine-naive
   * Vaccine
   * Herd immunity
   * Adjuvant
* Organ transplantation
   * Allotransplant
   * Transplant rejection

## Immunologists

List of immunologists

## Immunology lists

* List of autoimmune diseases
* List of immunologists
* List of viruses
* List of human clusters of differentiation
* List of vaccine ingredients
* List of allergens
* List of cytokines
* List of cytokine receptors
* List of pattern recognition receptors
* List of tissue-resident macrophages
* List of branches of immunology
* List of acute-phase proteins
* List of immune cells