OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Ernesto Nicolini

Ernesto Nicolini (23 February 1834 – 18 January 1898) was a French operatic dramatic tenor, particularly associated with the French and Italian repertories.
Born Ernest Nicolas in Saint Malo, France, he studied at the Paris Conservatory and made his debut in 1857, at the Opéra-Comique in Halevy's Les mousquetaires de la reine. After further study in Italy, he made his debut at La Scala in Milan in 1859, under the name Ernesto Nicolini, as Alfredo in La traviata, other roles there included Rodrigo in Rossini's Otello, and Elvino in Bellini's La sonnambula.
On his return to France he sang at the Théâtre-Italien from 1862 until 1869. He made his debut at the Royal Opera House, Covent Garden, in London in 1866, as Edgardo in Lucia di Lammermoor, without great success due to the pronounced vibrato that marred his singing.
Five years later he returned to London to sing in Faust and Robert le diable at Drury Lane, and from 1872 appeared every season at the Royal Opera House until 1884; his roles there included Pery in Il Guarany, Radames in Aida, and the title role in Lohengrin. He created the role of Celio at the premiere of Charles Lenepveu's Velléda in 1882.
During the season 1874–75, he appeared in St Petersburg and Moscow, opposite the world-famous soprano Adelina Patti, whom he would partner in almost all her appearances thereafter, accompanying her on concert tours of the major western European capitals (Vienna, Milan, Venice, Brussels, Berlin and so on), as well on tours of the United States and South America.
While together in Paris in 1886, singing in Faust at the Grand Opéra, the two created something of a scandal by getting married; Patti had divorced her first husband, the Marquis de Caux, shortly before her wedding to Nicolini.
Nicolini appeared on stage for the last time at Drury Lane in 1897, as Almaviva in Il barbiere di Siviglia.
Nicolini died of cancer in Pau, France, on January 18, 1898.

## Sources

* Grove Music Online, Elizabeth Forbes, July 2008.
# Aşağıbalcılar, Pervari

Aşağıbalcılar (Kurdish: Saruxa jêr) is a village in the Pervari District of Siirt Province in Turkey. The village is populated by Kurds of the Şakiran tribe. It had a population of 67 in 2021.
# Novoalexandrovka, Rovensky District, Belgorod Oblast

Novoalexandrovka (Russian: Новоалександровка) is a rural locality (a selo) and the administrative center of Novoalexandrovskoye Rural Settlement, Rovensky District, Belgorod Oblast, Russia. The population was 1,183 as of 2010. There are 6 streets.

## Geography

Novoalexandrovka is located 32 km north of Rovenki (the district's administrative centre) by road. Rovny is the nearest rural locality.
# Zafar, Tajikistan

Zafar (Russian and Tajik: Зафар, Persian: ظفر) is a jamoat in Tajikistan. It is located in Farkhor District in Khatlon Region. The jamoat has a total population of 13,885 (2015).
# Marogaona

Marogaona is a town and commune (Malagasy: kaominina) in northern Madagascar. It belongs to the district of Sambava, which is a part of Sava Region. The population of the commune was estimated to be approximately 7,000 in 2001 commune census.
Only primary schooling is available in town. The majority 99% of the population the commune are farmers. The most important crops are coffee and vanilla; also rice is an important agricultural product. Services provide employment for 1% of the population.

## References and notes

* ↑ Estimated based on DEM data from Shuttle Radar Topography Mission
* 1 2 3 "ILO census data". Cornell University. 2002. Retrieved 2008-02-23.
14°11′S 49°53′E﻿ / ﻿14.183°S 49.883°E﻿ / -14.183; 49.883
* This Sava region of Madagascar location article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
# Svein Olav Blindheim

Svein Olav Blindheim (born 25 July 1954) is a Norwegian jazz double bassist, composer and writer, and the brother of jazz pianist Oddbjørn Blindheim.

## Biography

Blindheim was born in Ålesund, Norway and raised in Vigra, Sunnmøre, and has played in numerous orchestras and bands and released several recordings, including with Arild Nyquist and Lars Martin Myhre. He also plays in the band Gutta på skauen together with Per Vollestad and Fredrik Øie Jensen. Blindheim has resided in Hønefoss since 1983.
# Al-Alam (Syria)

Al-Alam (Arabic: العلم) was a Syrian Arabic daily newspaper founded in 1944 and published in Syria. It continued to influence public opinion for over two decades.

## History

Al-Alam newspaper was founded by the Syrian writer and journalist, Izzat Husrieh who was the editor-in-chief of Al Istiklal Al Arabi newspaper (Arab Independence in English) previously. Later on, the newspaper was edited by Fouad El-Shaeib accompanied by Adnan Molouhi as its editor's secretary. Al-Alam was one of the newspapers which did not stop upon the coupe of president Husni Al-Zaim in 1949, and continued until 1953 when it was merged with Al Qabas (The Firebrand) as Al-Zaman (The Time) when president Adib Shishakli ordered every two newspapers to merge. After that, it was separated again when the legislations changed. Later on, the newspaper was voluntarily merged again with Al Qabas, but was soon separated again. Al-Alam also continued to be published during the years of the United Arab Republic (UAR).
# National Counter-Terrorism Action Group

The National Counter-Terrorism Action Group (NACTAG; Filipino: Pambansang Lupon ng Pagsasagawa Laban sa Terorismo) was formed on November 27, 2007, with its existence announced to the public on November 29, 2007. It is a counter-terrorism body under the Anti-Terrorism Council. NACTAG is under the direct command of the National Security Advisor.

## History

After its formation on November 27, 2007, and the announcement of its establishment on November 29, 2007, the Group was trained by the RP-UK Crisis Management Assistance Program, in cooperation with the British Embassy. The training programme was revealed to the public in January 2008. Former Philippine National Police chief, Arturo Lomibao, was appointed as the group's first chief officer.
The NACTAG held its first anti-terrorist exercises at the Light Railway Transit-2 station in Cubao and at the Metro Rail Transit North Avenue Station to prepare authorities for future terrorist attacks after a bombing was reported at Iligan City.
Lomibao kept his position in 2009 when a cabinet shuffle took place. There was an accusation that Lomibao's appointment is a sign of cronyism from ex-President Gloria Macapagal Arroyo.
NACTAG was later renamed as National Counter Terrorism Unit (NCTU) under the leadership of former army general Fernando Mesa. Its role was expanded to cover coordination, intelligence and operational control of strategic counterterrorism operations. Apart from specially-trained civilian operatives and operations support staff, the Unit retained operationally controlled units from special operations units of the Armed Forces of the Philippines, Philippine National Police, Bureau of Fire Protection and Philippine Coast Guard. The Unit is known to have utilized TAVOR CTAR Carbines and Jericho pistols.
NCTU also collaborates with Department of Transportation and Communications' Office for Transportation Security, the Anti-Money Laundering Council and the National Intelligence Coordinating Agency. The NCTU also spearheaded Chemical Biological Radiological Nuclear and Explosives (CBRNE) initiatives, most notable of which is the National CBRNE Protocol Manual, in collaboration with the Office of Civil Defense and the Department of Health's Health Emergency Management Staff.

## Mandate

The mandate of the NACTAG is to be "involved in the actual investigation, in case of a terrorist attack, and in providing prosecutors with “enough evidence and witnesses so that the cases will stand in court in accordance with Republic Act (RA) 9372" or the Human Security Act."

## Lineage of Chiefs

* PDG Arturo Lomibao, PNP
* MGEN Fernando Mesa, AFP
# Anastasia Khitruk

Anastasia Khitruk (Russian: Анастасия Хитрук; born August 1974, in Moscow) is a Russian-born American violin player. She was a student of Dorothy DeLay at the Juilliard School. She has made many recordings of which three were for Naxos: Khandoshkin #8.570028, Grammy nominated Miklos Rozsa Violin Concerto #8.570350, and Leon de Saint-Lubin #8.572019. Several works written for Ms. Khitruk include Der Golum by Michael Colina.
She was born to piano players Andrey Khitruk and Elena Tatulyan. She is a granddaughter of the animator Fyodor Khitruk.
# S. Xavier

S. Xavier (1920 - 6 December 2009) was a lawyer, trade union leader and Swatantra party politician from the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. He served as the Member of Lok Sabha for Tirunelveli from 1967 to 1971 and expired on 6 December 2009.

## Early life

Xavier was born in the year 1920. He graduated in 1941 and entered government service the very same year. He studied law and graduated as a lawyer in 1952 and started practising from 1953 onwards. Xavier lead various trade unions and worker's organisations in Madras state.

## Politics

Xavier took an active interest in politics and joined the Swatantra party established by C. Rajagopalachari in 1959. He contested in the 1967 elections from Tirunelveli and was elected to the Lok Sabha.
# Young Malagasies Determined

Young Malagasies Determined (Malagasy: Tanora Malagasy Vonona, TGV), sometimes translated as Determined Malagasy Youth or Ready Young Malagasies, is a political movement and party in Madagascar. It is headed by the current President, Andry Rajoelina, who organized it prior to the Antananarivo mayoral election in 2007.
The term TGV is also a reference to Andry Rajoelina's nickname, a reference to the French high-speed train TGV and to Rajoelina's fast-mover's personality.
Politically, TGV states that it promotes government transparency, the development of infrastructure, and multigenerational politics. It is the main centre-left rival of the centre-right Tiako I Madagasikara, and currently holds a majority in the National Assembly.
It was part of the coalition Together with President Andry Rajoelina (Isika Rehetra Miaraka amin’i Andry Rajoelina, or IRD) for the 2019 Malagasy parliamentary election. In the 2023 Malagasy presidential election and 2024 Malagasy parliamentary election he used to call it 'IRMAR' (Isika Rehetra Miaraka Amin’i Andry Rajoelina).

## Election results
### Presidential

| Election | Candidate | 1st round | 1st round | 2nd round | 2nd round | Results |
| Election | Candidate | # | % | # | % | Results |
| 2013 | Supported Hery Rajaonarimampianina | Supported Hery Rajaonarimampianina | Supported Hery Rajaonarimampianina | Supported Hery Rajaonarimampianina | Supported Hery Rajaonarimampianina | Elected Y |
| 2018 | Andry Rajoelina | 1,954,023 | 39.23% | 2,586,938 | 55.66% | Elected Y |
| 2023 | Andry Rajoelina | 2,858,947 | 58.96% | — | — | Elected Y |

### National Assembly

| Election | Leader | Votes | % | Seats | +/– | Position | Government |
| 2013 | Andry Rajoelina | 669,394 | 17.30% | 49 / 151 | New | 1st | Majority Coalition |
| 2019 | Andry Rajoelina | 1,402,480 | 34.77% | 84 / 151 | 35 | 1st | Majority Government |
| 2024 | Andry Rajoelina | 2,184,887 | 40.39% | 84 / 163 | | 1st | Majority Government |
# Star Awards for Best Variety Producer

The Best Variety Producer is an award presented annually at the Star Awards, an annual ceremony held in Singapore where the media organisation Mediacorp recognises entertainers under their employment for outstanding performances of the year.

## History

The Best Variety Producer is an award that was established in 2001.

## Recipients

Table key :
* indicates the winner

### 2000s

| Year | Best Variety Research Writer | Representative Variety Show | Ref |
| 2001 | Johnni Law | Star Search Grand Finals 2001 | |

### 2010s

| Year | Best Variety Research Writer | Representative Variety Show |
| 2011 | Kang Lay See 江丽丝 | Love on A Plate 名厨出走记 |
| 2011 | Gan Bee Khim 颜美琴 | Dream Potter 梦.窑匠 |
| 2011 | Glen Lim 林祥平 | Star Awards 2010 (Show 2) 红星大奖2010 |
| 2011 | Jean Toh 卓金云 | Star Search 10 - Grand Finals 才华横溢出新秀 总决赛 |
| 2011 | Tan Boon Chong 陈文聪 | Food Source 食在好源头 |
| 2013 | Kerlin Teo | Share Something |
| 2014 | Gan Bee Khim 颜美琴 | The Joy Truck |
| 2015 | Kang Lay See 江丽丝 | Finding 8 |
| 2016 | Kang Lay See 江丽丝 | Love on A Plate 3 名厨出走记 3 |
| 2016 | Gan Bee Khim 颜美琴 | Ge Tai Challenge 歌台星力量 |
| 2016 | Khow Hwai Teng | SPD Charity Show 2015 真情无障爱 |
| 2016 | Jean Toh 卓金云 | Star Awards 2015 (Show 2) 红星大奖2015 加利谷颁奖典礼 |
| 2016 | Alfred Yeo | The Successor 锁住味道 |
| 2017 | Jean Toh | As I Hold Your Hand |

### 2020s

| Year | Best Variety Research Writer | Representative Variety Show |
| 2022 | Kang Lay See 江丽丝 | Curious City 小岛国 大发现 |
| 2023 | Kang Lay See 江丽丝 | Dishing with Chris Lee 阿顺有煮意 |
| 2024 | Goh Si Jiau 吴仕佼 | Star Awards 2023 - Awards Ceremony 红星大奖2023 - 颁奖典礼 |

## Multiple wins and nominations

| Nominations | Producer |
| 5 | Kang Lay See 江丽丝 |
| 3 | Gan Bee Khim 颜美琴 |
| 2 | Jean Toh 卓金云 |
| Wins | Producer |
| 5 | Kang Lay See 江丽丝 |
# Gruffy

Gruffy (French pronunciation:; Arpitan: Grôfi) is a commune in the Haute-Savoie department in the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region in south-eastern France.

## Geography

The Chéran forms the commune's south-western border.
# Ali Molina, Arizona

Ali Molina is a census designated place located in Pima County, Arizona, United States. It has a land area of 0.77 sq mi (2.0 km$^2$), and as of July 1, 2015, it had a population of 71. It is also unofficially known as Magdalena. Ali Molina is located within the Tohono O'odham Indian Reservation. It has an estimated elevation of 2,644 feet (806 m) above sea level.

## Education

It is in the Indian Oasis-Baboquivari Unified School District.
# Oshdalaq, Bostanabad

Oshdalaq (Persian: اشدلق) in Bostanabad County, also rendered as Oshtolaq or Oshdalaq or Oshtelaghe or Oshtelaq or Ashdalaq and also known as Ushdeli or Oshtoq or Ushtulia or Ushtulya, may refer to:
* Oshdalaq-e Olya
* Oshdalaq-e Sofla
# Henry Jackson Yue

Henry Jackson Yue (Chinese: 余職慎, b. 15 July 1881 d. 30 October 1955), was a notable New Zealand teacher, translator and consul. He was born in Roxburgh, New Zealand in 1881, and died at Paekakariki, New Zealand in 1955.
# Gu Oidak, Arizona

Gu Oidak (also known as Big Fields or Kuoitak) is a census-designated place (CDP) located within the Tohono O'odham Nation Division in Pima County, Arizona, United States. The population was 198 at the 2020 census. The name "Gu Oidak" is the O'odham term for "big field" and located on the Tohono O'odham Nation reservation.

## Geography

Gu Oidak is located at 31°55′18″N 112°2′36″W﻿ / ﻿31.92167°N 112.04333°W﻿ / 31.92167; -112.04333, and has a total area of 7.09 sq mi (18.4 km$^2$), all land.

## Demographics

As of the census of 2020, there were 198 people, 71 households, and 53 families living in the CDP. There were 94 housing units. The racial makeup of the CDP was 100% Native American.
Of the 67 households 37.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 9% were married couples living together, 40.3% had a female householder with no husband present, 13.4% had a male householder with no wife present, and 37.3% were non-families. 32.8% of households were one person and 7.5% were one person aged 65 or older. The average household size was 2.81 and the average family size was 3.48.
The age distribution was 34.1% under the age of 19, 16.5% from 20 to 34, 17.3% from 35 to 49, 23.4% from 50 to 64, and 8.9% 65 or older. The median age was 33.0 years. The population was evenly split with 50% females and 50% males. The CDP saw a population growth of 0.25% between 2010 and 2015, when it reached 191 people.
As of July 2016, the average home value was $94,565. The average household income was $41,044, with a per capita income of $11,407.

## Education

It is in the Indian Oasis-Baboquivari Unified School District.
# Novosergiyevka, Novosergiyevsky District, Orenburg Oblast

52°5′23″N 53°38′38″E﻿ / ﻿52.08972°N 53.64389°E﻿ / 52.08972; 53.64389
Novosergiyevka (Russian: Новосергиевка) is a rural locality (a selo) and the administrative center of Novosergiyevsky District of Orenburg Oblast, Russia. Population: 13,737 (2010 Census); 13,261 (2002 Census); 12,624 (1989 Soviet census).
# Gardenia Foods

Gardenia Foods (S) Pte Ltd. (also known as Gardenia Bakeries or Gardenia) is a Singaporean baked-goods company with presence in Singapore, Brunei, Indonesia, Malaysia and the Philippines. It is listed on the Singapore Exchange (SGX) via its parent company, QAF Limited, which also owns Bonjour Bakery, and are headquartered at the Chinatown Complex in South Bridge Road.

## History

Gardenia was established by Horatio Sye Slocumm, an American who was an employee of International Executive Service Corps and worked with bakeries based in the United States. Gardenia started out as a store bakery in Singapore, but due to demand opened a commercial bakery at Pandan Loop in March 1983. This was followed by a second bakery in June 1993.
In 2019, Gardenia stated that its products would be in compliance with the Government of Singapore ban via the Ministry of Health in accordance with the Health Promotion Board (HPB) on hydrogenated oils (PHOs), a major source of artificial trans fat. It also added that all of their products at the time were already PHO-free since the early 2000s prior to the ban, which came into effect in June 2021.

## Operations in other countries

Gardenia's operations outside of Singapore is managed by separate subsidiary companies: Gardenia Bakeries (KL) Sdn Bhd (GBKL) in Malaysia, which, from 2017, has stakes that are 50% owned by the Padiberas Nasional Berhad, Gardenia Bakeries Philippines, Inc. in the Philippines, and Gardenia Food Industries Sdn Bhd in Brunei.
In 2013, they also expanded to the Indonesian market under PT Gardenia Makmur Selaras in Bogor. According to the 2015 annual report of QAF Limited, Andree Halim is the largest shareholder in the Singapore listed bakery firm, which owns the biggest market share in packaged bread in Singapore, Indonesia, Malaysia and the Philippines. Andree is the son of the late Indonesian business tycoon Sudono Salim Liem Sioe Liong, the founder of Salim Group. Lin Kejian, meanwhile, is the son of Andree Halim, essentially the substantial owners of QAF are related to Salim Group. Indomarco Prismatama, a 40% owned unit of PT Indoritel Makmur Internasional Tbk, is the main distributor of PT Gardenia Makmur Selaras in Indonesia, which distributes the bread through Indomaret under the brand name “Prime Bread”.
Gardenia Food Industries has been operating in Brunei since 1972, and is currently the country's top manufacturer and wholesale dealer of bread, buns, cakes and pastries.
Gardenia entered the Philippine market in 1997. Its main bread-manufacturing facility in the country is located in Laguna. It operates at least three other facilities: in Mabalacat (Pampanga), Cagayan de Oro and Cebu. Vitabread Food Products Inc. is responsible for the manufacturing of Gardenia products for the Luzon market.
Until late 2017, Gardenia expanded its operations to the Asian market in Singapore, Brunei, Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, Australia and China.
# Bring It On! (Machine Gun Fellatio album)

Bring It On! is the debut studio album by Australian alternative rock band Machine Gun Fellatio. It was released in 2000 by record label Mushroom.

## Reception

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
Jody Macgregor of AllMusic wrote, "there's genuine songcraft to MGF and it's on display in Bring It On! more than anywhere else in their brief discography", and described the song "Unsent Letter" as "[a] bittersweet love song that sits comfortably among the best pop music Australian bands have ever produced".

## Track listing

"Blacklamb" and "Horny Blonde Forty" were originally recorded as Limebunny (a pre-Machine Gun Fellatio band founded by Pinky Beecroft and Chit Chat von Loopin Stab) songs. The recordings of those songs on Bring It On! were taken from the compilation album Unsound Sounds, released in 1997 (the same recording of "Blacklamb" also appears on MGF's debut EP Love Comes to an End).

## Charts

Chart performance for Bring It On! :
| Chart (2000–2001) | Peak position |
| Australian Albums (ARIA) | 78 |
# Laurence M. Larson

Laurence Marcellus Larson (September 23, 1868 – March 9, 1938) was a Norwegian born, American educator, historian, writer and translator. His notable works included his translation from Old Norse of Konungs skuggsjá (Harvard UP, 1917).

## Biography

Laurence Larson was born at Bergen in Hordaland, Norway. He was the son of Christian Spjutoy Larson (1840–1919) and Ellen Mathilde (Bruland) Larson (1839–1916). He emigrated to the United States with his family in May 1870. He studied at Drake University and the University of Wisconsin–Madison. Larson was appointed to the UW faculty as a Scandinavian languages and history professor on April 17, 1906, but resigned later that year, on June 27. He joined the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign in 1907 and was appointed chair of the history department in 1923, joining another renowned scholar of Scandinavanian studies at Illinois, George T. Flom. Larson continued teaching at UIUC until his September 1937 retirement.
Larson was named a trustee of the Illinois State Historical Library in 1923. He was elected to the presidency of the American Historical Association in 1938, but died of acute bronchitis in Urbana, Illinois, aged 69, before completing his term.

## Selected works

* The Federal Compact of 1787 (1900)
* The King's Household in England Before the Norman Conquest (1904)
* A Financial and Administrative History of Milwaukee (1908)
* Canute the Great the Rise of Danish Imperialism during the Viking Age (1912)
* A Short History of England and the British Empire (1915)
* The King’s Mirror (1917)
* The Responsibility for the Great War (1918)
* The Earliest Norwegian Laws: Being the Gulathing Law and the Frostathing Law (1935)
* The Changing West: And Other Essays (1937)
* The Log Book of a Young Immigrant (1939)
# Vishera (Komi Republic)

The Vishera (Russian: Вишера, also Вышера - Vyshera}) is a river in the Komi Republic in Russia, a right tributary of the Vychegda. It is 247 kilometres (153 mi) long, and its drainage basin covers 8,780 square kilometres (3,390 sq mi). The Vishera River freezes up in November and stays under the ice until April.
# Mongolian Sign Language

Mongolian Sign Language (MSL; Mongolian: Монгол дохионы хэл, romanized: Mongol dokhiony khel) is a sign language used in Mongolia. Ethnologue estimates that there are between 9,000 and 15,000 deaf signers in Mongolia as of 2019. Mongolian Sign Language is widely used in areas where the Mongolian diaspora has immigrated. Such locations include California, Houston, and Charleston.
A school for the deaf was established in Mongolia in 1964 with assistance from the Soviet Union. This resulted in many similarities between MSL and Russian Sign Language (RSL) for a time, but the two languages have since developed to be separate and distinct.
Linda Ball, a Peace Corps volunteer in Mongolia, is believed to have created the first dictionary of MSL in 1995. In 2007, another MSL dictionary with 3,000 entries was published by Mongolia's Ministry of Education, Culture, and Science with assistance from UNESCO.
# Konstantin Bakun

Konstantin Anatoliyevich Bakun (Russian: Константин Анатольевич Бакун) (born 15 March 1985) is a Ukrainian volleyball player of Russian citizenship (since 2011), member of the Russia men's national volleyball team, Ukrainian Champion (2006, 2008), Russian Champion (2020).

## Sporting achievements
### Clubs

* CEV Cup
** 2015/2016 – with Gazprom-Ugra Surgut
** 2017/2018 – with Belogorie Belgorod
* National championships
** 2005/2006 Ukrainian Championship, with Azot Cherkasy
** 2007/2008 Ukrainian Championship, with Lokomotiv Kiev
** 2019/2020 Russian Championship, with Lokomotiv Novosibirsk

### Individual awards

* 2015/2016: Russian Championship – Best Scorer
* 2017/2018: CEV Cup – Most Valuable Player