OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Iraq–Somalia relations

Iraq–Somalia relations refer to foreign relations between Iraq and Somalia. Both nations are Arab League & Organisation of Islamic Cooperation members and maintain relations.

## History

Diplomatic relations between Iraq and Somalia was established on 17 October 1966. Like other neighbouring nations, both nations underwent socialist military coups in the late 1960s, Iraq's 17 July Revolution in 1968 and Somalia's 1969 coup d'état. This provided Ba'athist Iraq and the Somali Democratic Republic opportunities to collaborate in technical, military and economic affairs. Up until the collapse of their respective governments, Iraq and Somalia maintained a special relationship. In Somalia, there are numerous towns and villages named after things and places from Iraq, i.e. Baqdaad, Middle Shabelle.
Iraq was one of Somalia's top trading partners and Iraq invested and constructed energy infrastructure within Somalia. Iraq also provided scholarships for Somali students to study at Iraqi universities as it did for other Arab states. Somalia would also sell armaments & components to Iraq to bolster Iraq's domestic military industry. Additionally, Somalia is heavily suspected to be a major source of fissile material in Iraqi attempts to construct a nuclear weapon. In fact, despite not having a functioning government at the time, the United States Intelligence Community's National Intelligence Estimate of 2002 stated that Somalia was one of the suspected nations to be a source of yellowcake uranium.
In 1973, Somalia strongly supported the Arab coalition of the Yom Kippur War in which Iraq was a major participant.
In 1977, the Ogaden War broke out, Iraq was staunchly pro-Somalia, sending infantry, military intelligence officers and even sent the expeditionary No. 11 Squadron, Iraqi Air Force led by then-Colonel Hakam Hassan [ar] in support of the Somali Air Force. Furthermore, Iraq refused to let Soviet Air Force fighters to refuel in Iraq and not allow them to use Iraqi airspace for the Soviet intervention in the war. Iraq's friction with the Soviet Union surrounding other issues allowed Iraq to grow closer to Somalia.
In 1980, Iraq invaded Iran and the subsequent Iran–Iraq War occurs, with Iranian attacks on Iraqi oil installations throughout the 1980s, Iraq is unable to provide Somalia with investments and with Somalia's then tense relationships with both the United States and Soviet Union, Somalia enters a period of sharp decline.
Somalia was strongly and deeply against the 2003 invasion and subsequent Iraq War. Notably, there were major anti-war protests in Mogadishu in support of Iraq.

## Diplomatic missions

Somalia has an embassy in Baghdad, and Iraq is slated to reopen its embassy in Mogadishu. The current Somali ambassador to Iraq is Dr. Liban Sheikh Mahmood and Iraq currently maintains a non-resident embassy in Nairobi.
# Kirill Belyaev

Kirill Nikolayevich Belyaev (Russian: Кирилл Николаевич Беляев; born 27 August 1997) is a Russian swimmer.
He competed in the 25 km open water event at the 2018 European Aquatics Championships, winning the silver medal. He also won silver at the 2019 World Aquatics Championships in the same competition.
# Malovolchanka

Malovolchanka (Russian: Маловолчанка) is a rural locality (a selo) and the administrative center of Malovolchansky Selsoviet, Krutikhinsky District, Altai Krai, Russia. The population was 611 as of 2013. There are 5 streets.

## Geography

Malovolchanka is located 46 km northwest of Krutikha (the district's administrative centre) by road. Volchno-Burlinskoye is the nearest rural locality.
# Julius Fürst

Julius Fürst (German:; 12 May 1805, Żerków, South Prussia – 9 February 1873, Leipzig), born Joseph Alsari, was a Jewish German orientalist and the son of noted maggid, teacher, and Hebrew grammarian Jacob Alsari. Fürst was a distinguished scholar of Semitic languages and literature. During his years as professor in the department of oriental languages and literature at the University of Leipzig (1864–1873), he wrote many works on literary history and linguistics.

## Biography

At an early age, Fürst had a remarkable knowledge of Hebrew literature, Old Testament scriptures and oriental languages. In 1825, after having studied at Berlin, where Hegel and Neander were among his teachers, he took a course in Jewish theology at Posen. In 1829, after having abandoned his Jewish orthodoxy, he went to Breslau, and in 1831 to Halle. Here he took his degree in oriental languages and theology under Gesenius in 1832.
In 1833 he became a journalist in Leipzig, later securing a position as tutor and lecturer (privat-docent) in the university there (lecturing on Chaldaic, Syriac, Hebrew grammar and literature, Biblical exegesis, etc.), from which position he was promoted in 1864 to professor of oriental languages and literature. He filled this post until his death, and during his tenure there he was also elected to several scientific societies.
As one of the exponents of the University of Leipzig's academic scholarly milieu throughout his adult life he was also a contemporary, a friend, and a sometimes collaborator of Leipzig's own native Lutheran scholar and professor Franz Delitsch. Fürst was 8 years Delitsch's senior.
Fürst was chief editor of Der Orient (Leipzig 1840-1851), a periodical dedicated to scientific study of the language, literature and history of the Jews.

## Works

* Lehrgebäude der aramaischen Idiome ("A system for Aramic dialects," 1835)
* Concordantiae librorum Sacrorum veteris Testamenti Hebraicae et Chaldaicae (1837–40)
* Kultur and Literaturgeschichte der Juden in Asien ("Cultural and literary history of Jews in Asia," 1849)
* Hebräisches und Chaldäisches Handwörterbuch ("Portable dictionary for Hebrew and Chaldaic," 1857-61)
* Geschichte des Karäerthums (1862–65)
* Fürst, Julius (1863). Bibliotheca Judaica (in German). Vol. 1 (New ed.). Leipzig: Wilhelm Engelmann.
* Fürst, Julius (1863). Bibliotheca Judaica (in German). Vol. 2 (New ed.). Leipzig: Wilhelm Engelmann.
* Fürst, Julius (1863). Bibliotheca Judaica (in German). Vol. 3 (New ed.). Leipzig: Wilhelm Engelmann.
* Geschichte der biblischen Litteratur und des jüdisch-hellenistischen Schrifttums ("History of Biblical literature and Jewish-Hellenic writings," 1867-70)
# Gemaal Hussain

Gemaal Maqsood Hussain (born 10 October 1983) is an English professional cricketer. A right-arm fast-medium paced bowler, he moved to Somerset from neighbouring county Gloucestershire at the close of the 2010 season.

## Career
### Early career

Hussain was born in Waltham Forest, London on 10 October 1983. He was raised in Nottingham where he played club cricket for Notts Unity Casuals during 2002, and later played in Bradford for four years while he studied Sports science at the University of Leeds. During the 2006 season, he played a number of games for the Essex second team, and the following year he appeared for a variety of county second teams, starting off at Nottinghamshire, before moving onto Worcestershire, and then back to Essex, followed by a single match for Surrey, and another for Essex. He played two second eleven matches in 2008, both for Worcestershire, and was spotted playing in the Birmingham League by Jack Russell and Stuart Barnes, after which he was offered a trial at Gloucestershire.
He made his debut for Gloucestershire during the 2009 Twenty20 Cup, claiming two wickets against Worcestershire. He finished the competition with 10 wickets, second amongst Gloucestershire bowlers. His first-class debut followed immediately after the Twenty20 Cup when he was selected for the County Championship match against Kent. He claimed two tail-end wickets in the first innings of the match, which Gloucestershire lost by 76 runs. He did not appear for Gloucestershire again until the final match of the season, when he made his debut in List A cricket, taking the wickets of both of Nottinghamshire's opening batsmen to help his side to a nine wicket victory.

## First-class breakthrough

Hussain made his breakthrough for Gloucestershire in 2010, appearing in all but one of their County Championship fixtures. He claimed his maiden five-wicket haul in bowler-friendly conditions at the County Ground in Bristol, taking five wickets for 36 against Northamptonshire. He picked up wickets regularly through the season, and claimed a second five-wicket haul against Middlesex in late April. Hussain finished the season with 67 first-class wickets, the second highest total in the County Championship, and the highest by an England qualified player. At the end of the season, Hussain rejected the offer of a new contract from Gloucestershire, stating that he wanted to play in the first division of the County Championship. He signed a three-year contract with Somerset in late October, joining his former Gloucestershire teammate Steven Kirby.
Hussain left Somerset at the end of the 2013 season having only made two Championship appearances that year.
During the 2014 season, Hussain played for the Second XI's of both Nottinghamshire and Northamptonshire following his release from Somerset. Hussain featured in one list A match for Northamptonshire against New Zealand A taking 3 wickets but conceding 101 runs in his 10 overs.
# Knight of Kerry

Knight of Kerry (Irish: Ridire Chiarraí), also called The Green Knight, is one of three Hiberno-Norman hereditary knighthoods, all of which existed in Ireland since feudal times. The other two were The White Knight (surname fixed as Fitzgibbon), being dormant since the 19th century, and the Knight of Glin (The Black Knight), dormant since 2011. All three belong to the FitzMaurice/FitzGerald Dynasty commonly known as the Geraldines being created by the Earls of Desmond for their kinsmen.
Sir Maurice Buidhe FitzJohn, 1st Knight of Kerry, was the illegitimate son of John FitzGerald, 1st Baron Desmond (d. 1261 Battle of Callann), son of Thomas FitzMaurice, Lord OConnello, son of Maurice FitzGerald, Lord of Lanstephan, son of the Princess Nest ferch Rhys of Deheubarth and Gerald de Windsor.

## Knights of Kerry

* Sir Maurice Buidhe FitzJohn, 1st Knight of Kerry
* Sir Richard FitzMaurice, 2nd Knight of Kerry
* Sir Maurice FitzRichard, 3rd Knight of Kerry (married Margaret de Courcy in 1382)
* Sir Edmond FitzMaurice, 4th Knight of Kerry
* Sir Nicholas FitzMaurice, 5th Knight of Kerry (held the office of Bishop of Ardfert circa 1408)
* Sir John Caoch FitzNicholas, 6th Knight of Kerry (fl. 1470s)
* Sir Maurice FitzJohn, 7th Knight of Kerry
* Sir John FitzMaurice, 8th Knight of Kerry (appointed Bishop of Ardfert on 20 November 1495)
* Sir William FitzJohn, 9th Knight of Kerry
* Sir John FitzGerald, 10th Knight of Kerry (d. 7 September 1595)
* Sir William FitzGerald, 11th Knight of Kerry (d. 6 November 1640)
* Sir John FitzGerald, 12th Knight of Kerry
* Sir John FitzGerald, 13th Knight of Kerry
* Sir Maurice FitzGerald, 14th Knight of Kerry
* Sir John FitzGerald, 15th Knight of Kerry (1706–1741)
* Sir Maurice FitzGerald, 16th Knight of Kerry (c. 1734–1779)
* Sir Robert FitzGerald, 17th Knight of Kerry (1717–1781)
* Sir Maurice FitzGerald, 18th Knight of Kerry (1774–1849)
* Sir Peter George FitzGerald, 1st Baronet of Valentia, 19th Knight of Kerry (1808–1880)
* Sir Maurice Fitzgerald, 2nd Baronet of Valentia, 20th Knight of Kerry (1844–1916)
* Sir John Peter Gerald Maurice Fitzgerald, 3rd Baronet of Valentia, 21st Knight of Kerry (1884–1957)
* Sir Arthur Henry Brinsley Fitzgerald, 4th Baronet of Valentia, 22nd Knight of Kerry (1885–1967)
* Sir George Peter Maurice FitzGerald, 5th Baronet of Valentia, 23rd Knight of Kerry (1917–2001)
* Sir Adrian James Andrew Denis FitzGerald, 6th Baronet of Valentia, 24th Knight of Kerry (born 1940)
# Adigoppula

Adigoppula is a village in Palnadu district of the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh. It is located in Durgi mandal of Gurazala revenue division, and the distance from Adigoppila to Gurazala is 23 kilometers. The Gram Panchayat is Adigoppula. The mandal headquarters is Durgi, and the distance from Adigoppula to Durgi is 9 kilometers. The district headquarters is Guntur, and the distance from Adigoppula to Guntur is 99 kilometers. The nearest towns are Macherla and Karempudi, and the distance from Adigoppula to Macherla is 22 kilometers. Adigoppula's pincode is 522612.

## Geography

Adigoppula is situated to the northwest of the mandal headquarters, Durgi, at 16°26′25″N 79°37′25″E﻿ / ﻿16.4401661°N 79.6235407°E﻿ / 16.4401661; 79.6235407. It is spread over an area of 3,349 ha (8,280 acres).

## History

This site is significant for the worship of Goddess Neelampati Sri Lakshmi Ammavaru, who was born in the 15th century in the village of Nidanampadu. A notable aspect of the area is the veneration of a Sila (rock) and a Neem tree in an open park, which are considered sacred. According to local legend, around 1500 AD, Yaganti Sri Lakshmi was born to Yaganti Ramayya and Sugunamma. At the age of 12, she began to worship Gowmatha (the cow) and, through divine grace, conceived a baby cow. However, her brothers, angered by this event, tragically burned Sri Lakshmi alive. Miraculously, the baby cow emerged from the flames, revealing the divine power of the cow and establishing its sanctity. Following this incident, villagers began to worship Sri Lakshmi as Neelampati Sri Lakshmi Ammavaru. In keeping with the goddess's divine message, no statue or formal temple has been constructed for her, and only minimal facilities are provided at the site.

## Governance

Adigoppula gram panchayat is the local self-government of the village. It is divided into wards and each ward is represented by a ward member.

## Education

As per the school information report for the academic year 2018–19, the village has one private and three MPP schools.
# Yury Krymov

Yury Solomonovich Krymov (Russian: Ю́рий Соломо́нович Кры́мов) is the pen name of Soviet novelist Yury Solomonovich Beklemishev (Ю́рий Соломо́нович Беклеми́шев; 19 January 1908 – 20 September 1941). The variants Yuri Krimov and Iurii Krymov are common transliterations.

## Biography

Krymov was born in Saint Petersburg in the Russian Empire on 19 January. Krymov's father, Solomon Yuryevich Kopelman, was an editor at the Brier publishing firm. However, Yuri took the surname of his mother, Vera Yevgenyevna Beklemisheva.
Krymov graduated from Moscow State University in 1930 and first found work building a radio station. In 1932 he joined Narkomvod ("the People's Commissariat for Water Transport") and in 1936 he served on the oil tanker Profintern on the Caspian Sea, and saw the Stakhanovite movement take hold. As well as serving on the Profintern, Krymov was an engineer in a shipyard on the Caspian. He then returned to Moscow and in 1938 completed his first published novel, Tanker "Derbent".
Krymov volunteered for the Red Army and joined the Communist Party in response to the German invasion of the Soviet Union in June 1941. He was a military journalist at the front and was with the Soviet 26th Army on the Southwestern Front when invading German forces encircled almost the entire front in the Battle of Kiev in August – September 1941. Krymov was killed near Kyiv on 20 September 1941.

## Tanker "Derbent"

The setting of Tanker "Derbent" is the shipping of oil across the Caspian Sea. Krymov named his fictional ship after the city of Derbent on the Caspian coast of the then Dagestan ASSR.
The novel illustrates how an ordinary communist turns an undisciplined crew into an efficient, cohesive collective. The novel found immediate critical success and was hailed as one of the best Socialist realist novels of the 1930s. Anna Karavaeva declared "In Krimov's story the theme of labour and the theme of rivalry at work are presented with profound lyricism". Valentin Kataev admitted "Frankly, I am somewhat envious, so well written are some of these pages." Anton Makarenko praised the book as "a living proof of the point of view that many of us hold, that a real writer, a real artist, issues from life."
Tanker "Derbent" was made into a film of the same name in 1941. The book was translated into a number of foreign languages, including English, German and Dutch. Krymov's original Russian edition continued to be reprinted almost annually well into the 1980s.
Penguin Books published the English edition, The Tanker "Derbent", in the United Kingdom in 1944. Later Allen Lane, the head of Penguin Books, asked the UK representative of Mezhdunarodnaya Kniga ("International Books") for Krymov to sign a copy of The Tanker "Derbent". In February 1946 the representative wrote back telling Lane that she was unable to do so because he had been killed in action.
# Yamchi-ye Sofla

Yamchi-ye Sofla (Persian: يامچي سفلي, also Romanized as Yāmchī-ye Soflá; also known as Yāmchī and Yāmchī-ye Pā’īn) is a village in Rezaqoli-ye Qeshlaq Rural District, in the Central District of Nir County, Ardabil Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 106, in 26 families.
# Panzu Ernesto

Panzu Ernesto de Angelo (born 3 April 1999) is a professional footballer who plays as a midfielder for Berliner AK 07. Born in Germany, he represents the Angola national team.

## International career

Ernesto debuted or Angola in a 3-0 friendly win over Mozambique on 23 October 2020.
# Kalinagar

Kalinagar is a town and a nagar panchayat in Pilibhit district in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh. Kalinagar is a new tehsil of district Pilibhit Pin code -262124

## Geography

Kalinagar is located at 28°37′N 80°06′E﻿ / ﻿28.62°N 80.1°E﻿ / 28.62; 80.1. It has an average elevation of 184 metres (603 feet).

## Demographics

As of the 2001 Census of India, Kalinagar had a population of 9,984. Males constitute 53% of the population and females 47%. Kalinagar has an average literacy rate of 34%, lower than the national average of 59.5%: male literacy is 45%, and female literacy is 22%. In Kalinagar, 20% of the population is under six years of age.
# Patrick Lange

Patrick Lange (German: ; 25 August 1986) is a professional duathlete and triathlete from Germany. He is a three time Ironman World Champion, setting course records in 2017, 2018 and 2024. Lange is also the 2010–2013 German champion in duathlon and the 2012 and 2013 German champion in team triathlon with EJOT Team TV Buschhütten.
In 2008 Lange won the military world championships team Triathlon in Estonia and made Bronze in the ITU Duathlon Short Distance World Championships mixed team 2012 in Nancy (France).
In 2018 he won the Ironman World Championships in Kona for second consecutive year with a new course record of 7:52:38, the first time the race has been finished in under 8 hours. At the 2016 Ironman World Championships, Lange had a breakthrough performance and placed third behind Jan Frodeno and Sebastian Kienle. Lange completed a 48:57 swim, a 4:37:39 bike and a 2:39:45 run to finish in 8:11:14. In 2017, Lange placed first at the Ironman World Championship. Having completed a 48:45 swim, a 4:28:53 bike and a 2:40:00 run, Lange won the race in a total time of 8:01:40, beating Craig Alexander's 2011 record of 8:03:56. After breaking the course record, during celebrations, Lange duly apologized to Craig Alexander for breaking his previously held record. At the 2023 Ironman World Championships, held in Nice, France, Lange placed 2nd with a time of 8:10:17. Lange set a new Ironman World Championships marathon record with a time of 2:32:41, breaking a record he set himself in 2017.
Lange won the Ironman World Championship for a third time in 2024 with a time of 7:35:53, a new course record, including a 2:37:34 run split.
Lange starts for DSW 1912 Darmstadt. His trainer is Faris Al-Sultan.
# Patrick Schmidt (footballer, born 1988)

Patrick Schmidt (born 17 March 1988) is a German former footballer who played as a midfielder.
# Cleveland Golf

Cleveland Golf is a sporting goods company owned by SRI Sports Limited, a subsidiary of Sumitomo Rubber Industries Ltd.. The company creates golf equipment. Based in Huntington Beach, California, Cleveland Golf began as a company producing replicas of classic golf clubs. The company was founded as the Cleveland Classics by Roger Cleveland in 1979.
In 1990, ski equipment manufacturer Skis Rossignol purchased the company, and the name was changed to Cleveland Golf. It grew with the sales of clubs such as VAS woods and irons. Later in the decade, Tour Action irons and QuadPro woods were introduced with "more classic designs."
Quiksilver, Inc. purchased the assets of Rossignol in 2005 and operated Cleveland Golf until December 2007. At that point, Dunlop Sport purchased Cleveland Golf. Dunlop Sports Co. Ltd. owns and operates several brands in North America. In addition to its North American headquarters in Huntington Beach, California, Cleveland Golf has three international affiliates located in Japan, Europe, and Canada, as well as 26 worldwide distributors.
The company was a pioneer by being the first to market wedges that featured multiple bounce options on the sole. Additionally, they individually milled grooves into the faces of the wedges.
# Rajballavpur High School

Rajballavpur High School (RHS; Bengali: রাজবল্লভপুর উচ্চ বিদ্যালয়) is a public higher secondary school in Maslandapur, West Bengal. The institution is sponsored by the Government of West Bengal.

## About School

Rajballavpur High School is one of the largest government sponsored higher secondary educational institutions in West Bengal. The school was established on 2 January 1954 in the village of Rajballavpur-Maslandapur in the district of 24 parganas (now in North 24 parganas), nearly 1 km from Maslandapur railway station. This is a co-educational institution (V to X is only for boys). The school is a four storied building with a large green playground in front.
It offers classes in Pure Science, Arts and Commerce in Class 11 and 12. Apart from regular education, the school provides vocational education as well as higher secondary level.

## Notable alumni

* Antara Mitra
# Liz Beretta-Perik

Elizabeth "Liz" Beretta-Perik (born 1963) is an American politician and the current Chairwoman of the Rhode Island Democratic Party. Perik is the first woman to serve in that position.

## Early life and career

Perik first got involved in politics at the age of 10, helping her uncle's friend campaign for mayor of Pawtucket. Although she was a Jamestown resident, she attended and graduated North Kingstown High School as Jamestown did not have its own high school. Perik went on to attend the College of the Holy Cross, where she received a bachelor's degree in economics, and went on to receive her master's degree in finance from Boston College.
Following her graduation from Boston College, Perik worked for the Democratic Congressional Campaign Committee and Al Gore's 2000 presidential campaign.
Perik served as the Rhode Island Democratic Party's delegate to the Democratic National Committee and from 2019 was the treasurer of the Rhode Island Democratic Party. Perik was a presidential elector from Rhode Island in the 2020 presidential election.
Following Gina Raimondo's resignation as governor of Rhode Island to serve as United States Secretary of Commerce, Perik was one of five candidates considered by Governor Dan McKee to replace the vacant Lieutenant Governor's office. The position ultimately went to Providence City Council president Sabina Matos.

## Chair of the Rhode Island Democratic Party

In November, 2023, Joseph McNamara, the party's longtime chairman, announced that he would not be running for re-election as he had other responsibilities. Perik was elected as the chairwoman of the party on November 15, 2023, becoming the first woman to serve as the head of the Rhode Island Democratic Party.