OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Fyodor Brovko

Fyodor Grigoryevich Brovko (Romanian: Fiodor Brovko; Russian: Фёдор Григо́рьевич Бровко́; 16 May 1904 – 24 January 1960) was a Soviet and Moldavian politician who served as the Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the Moldavian Soviet Socialist Republic from 1941 to 1951.

## Early life and education

Fyodor Brovko was born to a poor peasant family in the village of Popencu in the Russian Empire on May 16, 1904. He graduated from a Communist Party school in Balta in 1930.

## Political career

Brovko joined the Communist Party of the Soviet Union in 1927. From 1930 to 1937, he worked as the Head of the Department of Propaganda and Agitation for the Dubossary, Kotovsky, and Slobozia District Committees of the Communist Party of Ukraine (Moldavian Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic). In 1937, he was appointed as the First Secretary of the Slobozia District Committee of the Communist Party of Ukraine of the Moldavian Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic. From 1938 to 1940, he served as the Deputy Chairman and the Chairman of the Council of People's Commissars of the Moldavian Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic. On March 1, 1941, Brovko was elected as a member of the Politburo of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Moldavia. From June 7, 1940, to February 8, 1941, he served as the Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the Moldavian ASSR. During a purge of party officials in 1951, Brovko was removed from his post. He worked in minor positions in the Moldavian SSR from 1951 to 1958.
He was a member of the Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union for the 2nd and 3rd convocations.

## Death

Fyodor Brovko died on January 24, 1960, in Chișinău, Moldavian Soviet Socialist Republic, Soviet Union.

## Awards

* Order of Lenin
* Order of the Red Banner
* Order of the Red Banner of Labour
# Chris Scruggs

Chris Scruggs (born Christopher Alan Davies-Scruggs December 16, 1982) is an American singer, songwriter, and multi-instrumentalist who plays a variety of instruments including guitar, steel guitar, bass, mandolin, fiddle, and drums. He is the youngest son of songwriter Gary Scruggs and singer/songwriter and producer Gail Davies. His paternal grandfather is bluegrass banjo wizard Earl Scruggs and his maternal grandfather is the late country singer Tex Dickerson.
Scruggs joined the country rock band BR549 in 2002 playing guitar and serving as the co-lead singer. While in the band, he wrote and performed the title track of their 2004 release, Tangled in the Pines. Scruggs remained in BR549 until 2005 when he left the band to pursue a solo career. Scruggs released his first solo album, entitled Anthem, in 2009 on Cogent Records. Scruggs produced the album and wrote 11 of the 12 songs; Ron Davies, Scruggs's uncle (best known for having penned "It Ain't Easy" for David Bowie) wrote the remaining song.
As a side musician, Scruggs has played behind many notable artists including Charlie Louvin, Andrew Bird, Ray Price, Robbie Fulks, Jools Holland, Giant Sand, Peter Noone, Bobby Bare, M. Ward, Michael Nesmith, She & Him, Billy Walker, Suzy Bogguss and Marty Stuart.
Scruggs is, as of 2024, the bass guitarist in Marty Stuart's Fabulous Superlatives band, taking over for Paul Martin in 2015.
# Qeshlaq, Khorrambid

Qeshlaq (Persian: قشلاق) is a village in, and the capital of, Qeshlaq Rural District of the Central District of Khorrambid County, Fars province, Iran.

## Demographics
### Population

At the time of the 2006 National Census, the village's population was 895 in 246 households. The following census in 2011 counted 1,013 people in 279 households. The 2016 census measured the population of the village as 1,072 people in 326 households. It was the most populous village in its rural district.
# Fyodor Arsentyev

Fyodor Sergeyevich Arsentyev (Russian: Фёдор Сергеевич Арсентьев; born 17 February 1999) is a Russian football player.

## Club career

He made his debut in the Russian Football National League for FC Neftekhimik Nizhnekamsk on 13 November 2016 in a game against FC Khimki.
# Al Aan FM

Al Aan FM (Arabic: راديو الآن) is an interactive radio platform that broadcasts from Dubai - United Arab Emirates to the Arab world. It is an interactive podcast platform that meets the aspirations of listeners, offering podcast episodes of a variety of political, entertainment, social and youth, in addition to hours of live broadcast from the event site.
You can always listen to this radio channel through Al Aan FM Application. The app allows the user to listen to its programs over the phone and share episodes on social media as well.

## Launch

Al Aan TV launched Al Aan FM in August 2012 in Libya, it launched in Syria in October 2012 broadcasting live from the UAE.

## Coverage and reach

Another three hours of live are dedicated to both Libya and Syria highlighting the latest tweets (@alaanfmradio).
Al Aan FM has been launched to target the pan-Arab world via the Al Aan application.

## Key Podcast Programs

* Marsad Al Jehadia (Arabic: مرصد الجهادية) One of the most important programs on Al Aan FM. It monitors and observes Islamist movements perceived as military movements; whose ideology is based on the Islamic notion of jihad.
* Fi Eishrin Daqiqa (Arabic: في عشرين دقيقة) A daily radio program that goes deep in discussing news and searches beyond the current and international affairs happening around us, from a point of view of News Makers, and how these events are affecting their lives. The program is introduced by “Bara’a Salibi” (Arabic: براء صليبي).
* Sarat Maei (Arabic: صارت معي) A unique program presenting a series of secrets and lessons that we learn through stories and situations that participants can tell freely and without restrictions. “Sarat Maei” aims at reaching every listener of Al Aan FM. The program is prepared and introduced by “Maha Fatoom” (Arabic: مها فطوم).
* Wait for our call (Arabic: انتظر اتصالنا) Through this podcast, we get to know our followers across the Arab world and learn more about their stories and experiences.

## Frequencies

Libya
In Libya, Al Aan FM uses 105.3 MHz across the country, covering the following cities:
* Al Bayda
* Al Marj
* Al Majabrah
* Ghat
* Gadamis
* Jadu
* Kabaw
* Misrata
* Labraq
* Nalut
* Sabratah
* Susah
* Tripoli
* Waddan
* Wazin
* Zawara & Al Jmail
Syria
In Syria, Al Aan FM is available in the following cities and frequencies:
* Aleppo 96.6 MHz
* Al Tabqah 91.4 MHz
* Al Mayadin 97.6 MHz
* Ain Issa 91.4 MHz
* Ar Raqqah 91.4 MHz
* Azaz & Afrin 96.6 MHz
* Al Bab & Manbij 96.6 MHz
* Hama, Homs 96.0 MHz
* Idlib 96.6 MHz
* Latakia 96.6 MHz
* Qamishli & Amuda 94.6 MHz
Satellite
* Badr 4 Frequency 12111 H SR 27500, FEC 3/4
* Nilesat 201 Frequency 11938 V SR 27500, FEC 3/4

## Logos

The old logo was replaced with the new one on 1 October 2021:
* Old logo:Al Aan FM old logo
* New logo:Al Aan FM new logo
# Vazirabad, Isfahan

Vazirabad (Persian: وزيراباد, also Romanized as Vazīrābād; also known as Yazdābād and Yezdābād) is a village in Garkan-e Shomali Rural District, Pir Bakran District, Falavarjan County, Isfahan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 201, in 65 families.
# Kantemirovsky Bridge

Kantemirovskiy Bridge (Russian: Кантемировский мост) is a large modern (built in 1979 - early 1980s) drawbridge (bascule bridge) in Saint Petersburg, Russia across the Bolshaya Nevka arm of the Neva river. The bridge connects the northern Aptekarsky Island (Apothecary Island) of the north-central Petrogradsky District on Petrograd Side with northeastern Vyborgskiy District of the city and over it with the northeast and east of Saint Petersburg. It receives automobile traffic from Bolshoy Prospekt (Petrograd Side) via Prospekt Medikov in the southwest and takes it to Kantemirovskaya Street on the right-hand riverside, after which it was named. The street itself was named in 1952 after the railway station of a settlement of Kantemirovka in Voronezh region which was liberated from Nazi Germany troops by the Soviet Red Army in December 1942. The settlement in its turn was named after its 18 century owner Dimitrie Cantemir and his brother Constantin, Moldavian princes given shelter in Russia after a military defeat and entered into Russian nobility.

## History

It was built in 1979-82 as a part of a citywide thoroughfare street chain project at a place without a previous bridge:
   Previously, there was no bridge link here. The need to build a new bridge arose because of the construction of an internal transport highway in the city, which starts from Tsiolkovsky Street, runs along the northern side of the Obvodny Canal with access to Alexander Nevsky Bridge and then along Zanevsky Prospect to the bridge across the Okhta River in the alignment of Energetikov Avenue, then along Annikov Avenue to Kantemirovskaya Street, in the alignment of which Kantemirovsky Bridge is located, and then across Aptekarsky Island to the Petrograd Side to the area of Kamennoostrovsky Bridge.
There used to be a boat connection in its place since early 19 century.
# The Gift (2014 film)

The Gift (Irish: An Bronntanas) is a 2014 Irish thriller film directed by Tommy Collins. It was selected as the Irish entry for the Best Foreign Language Film at the 87th Academy Awards, but was not nominated.

## Cast

* Michelle Beamish as Roisin
* Charlotte Bradley as Carmel Mcgill
* Ciarán Charles as Jack
* Dara Devaney as JJ Magill
* John Finn as Sean Og
* Owen McDonnell as Fiachra Greene
* Pól Ó Griofa as Macdara Magill
* Janusz Sheagall as Jakub Soja
# Hasanabad-e Olya, Isfahan

Hasanabad-e Olya (Persian: حسن ابادعليا, also Romanized as Ḩasanābād-e ‘Olyā; also known as Ḩasanābād and Ḩasanābād-e Bālā) is a village in Karvan-e Sofla Rural District, Karvan District, Tiran and Karvan County, Isfahan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 626, in 182 families.
# Bacterial leaf scorch

Bacterial leaf scorch (commonly abbreviated BLS, also called bacterial leaf spot) is a disease state affecting many crops, caused mainly by the xylem-plugging bacterium Xylella fastidiosa. It can be mistaken for ordinary leaf scorch caused by cultural practices such as over-fertilization.

## Hosts

BLS can be found on a wide variety of hosts, ranging from ornamental trees (elm, maple, oak) and shrubs, to crop species including blueberry and almond.
* Bacterial spot of peppers and tomatoes is caused by the bacteria Xanthomonas campestris pv. vesicatoria.
* Bacterial spot of peaches is caused by the bacteria Xanthomonas campestris pv. pruni. Spots may form on the leaves and they can be mistaken for peach scab, which is caused by a fungus.
* Bacterial leaf scorch of pecans is caused by the bacteria Xylella fastidiosa subsp. multiplex.

## Symptoms

An irregular browning leaf margin which may or may not be bordered by a pale halo.
Symptoms re-occur every year, spreading throughout the tree crown, eventually killing the host plant.

## Vectors

Xylem-feeding leafhoppers can transmit the disease bacteria.

## Treatment

There are no known effective treatments for BLS, consequently, removal of affected plants is recommended.
# Pauline Decker

Pauline Decker (27 August 1811 – 13 September 1882) was a German opera singer (soprano) and composer.

## Biography

Born as Johanne Sophie Friederike Pauline von Schätzel on 27 August 1811 in Berlin, Pauline Decker comes from the Schätzel noble family. She was the daughter of the royal Soldin district administrator Carl Friedrich Ludwig von Schätzel and his wife Juliane Schick who was a soprano opera singer soprano with the Königliche Oper Berlin. She was a granddaughter of the famous German operatic soprano Margarete Luise Schick (1773–1810) who also performed at the Königliche Oper Berlin. Pauline studied music first from her mother. She was later trained by Heinrich Stümer (1789–1857), a noted German opera singer and composer.
At the age of 16, she made her debut in concert performances in 1827. She became a member of Berliner Singakademie in 1828. She was a soloist since 1829. In 1828 she debuted at the Königliche Oper and played her first role as Agathe in Carl Maria von Weber’s Der Freischütz. From 1828 to 1832, she was engagement at the Königliche Oper.
Following her marriage with Rudolf Ludwig Decker (1804–1877), a court printer and publisher, in 1832, she ended her musical career. However, she continued her concert performances, primarily at the Berliner Singakademie.
She was an honorary member of Berliner Singakademie from 1847 until her death in 1882.
She died on 13 September 1882 in Eichberg near Schildau, Germany.
# Islamic Association of Engineers of Iran

Islamic Association of Engineers of Iran (Persian: انجمن اسلامی مهندسان ایران, romanized: anǰoman-e eslāmī-ye mohandisān-e Īrān) is an Iranian political party of engineers affiliated with the Council for Coordinating the Reforms Front.
# Nikolai Mikhailovich Karinsky

Nikolai Mikhailovich Karinsky (Russian: Николай Михайлович Каринский; Vyatka, Russian Empire, 22 March 1873 – Moscow, Soviet Union, 14 December 1935) was a Russian linguist, dialectologist, Slavist, correspondent member of the Russian Academy of Sciences since 1921, correspondent member of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR since 1925.
He graduated from St. Petersburg University in 1896. He became a professor there seven years later. In 1911 he taught at the Pedagogical Institute, the Institute of History and Philology (1913–1917) at the Pedagogical Institute at Vyatka (1919–1923) and at the State Pedagogical Institute in Moscow (1930–1935). From 1931 he was the head of the Dialektography Commission of the Language and Thought Institute of the USSR.
He authored numerous works on the History of Russian and Old Bulgarian Languages, Russian dialects, and Slavic paleography.
When the Saint Petersburg Public Library decided to prepare a folder of their most valuable Slavic manuscripts, Karinsky, a lecturer in paleography at the Archeological Institute, was chosen to select and edit the Slavic material. The folder was published in 1914.
# Cléden-Cap-Sizun

Cléden-Cap-Sizun (French pronunciation:; Breton: Kledenn-ar-C'hab) is a commune in the Finistère department of Brittany in north-western France, lying on the promontory of Cap Sizun.

## Population

Inhabitants of Cléden-Cap-Sizun are called in French Clédinois.

## International relations

Cléden-Cap-Sizun is twinned with Ballydehob, County Cork, Ireland.
# Yazid ibn Jarir al-Qasri

Yazid ibn Jarir ibn Yazid ibn Khalid ibn Abdallah al-Qasri (Arabic: يزيد بن جرير بن يزيد بن خالد بن عبد الله القسري) was a provincial governor for the Abbasid Caliphate, serving as governor of the Yemen from 812 to 813.

## Career

Yazid was a descendant of Khalid ibn Abdallah al-Qasri (died 743), the powerful governor of Iraq on behalf of the Umayyads. He is possibly to be identified with a Yazid ibn Jarir who twice served as governor of Sistan during the caliphate of Harun al-Rashid (r. 786–809), first as deputy to al-Fadl ibn Yahya in 794 and then under Ali ibn Isa ibn Mahan in 797.
During the civil war between the rival caliphs al-Amin (r. 809–813) and al-Ma'mun (r. 813–833), Yazid was appointed governor of the Yemen by al-Ma'mun's general Tahir ibn al-Husayn, with a directive to bring the province under al-Ma'mun's control. He accordingly set off for the Yemen with a large body of horsemen, and upon his arrival he convinced the Yemenis to abandon al-Amin and swear allegiance to al-Ma'mun instead. He quickly ran into problems, however, with his policy of supporting the Qahtanite Arabs of the province at the expense of the local abna, who he treated in an extremely harsh manner. Shortly after the death of al-Amin in 813, word of Yazid's maltreatment of the abna reached al-Ma'mun, who responded by stripping him of the governorship. Following his dismissal, he was arrested in Sana'a by his successor Umar ibn Ibrahim ibn Waqid al-Umari and thrown into prison.
# Chichaklu

Chichaklu or Chicheklu (Persian: چيچكلو), also rendered as Chichiklu, may refer to various places in Iran:
* Chichaklu, East Azerbaijan
* Chichaklu, Tehran
* Chichaklu, Shahin Dezh, West Azerbaijan Province
* Chichakluy-e Bash Qaleh, Urmia County, West Azerbaijan Province
* Chichakluy-e Hajji Aqa, Urmia County, West Azerbaijan Province
* Chichagluy-e Mansur, Urmia County, West Azerbaijan Province
# Soveychti-ye Yek

Soveychti-ye Yek (Persian: سوي چيتي يك, also Romanized as Soveychtī-ye Yek; also known as Soveyḩetī-ye Yek) is a village in Gharb-e Karun Rural District, in the Central District of Khorramshahr County, Khuzestan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 273, in 46 families.
# Verdet constant

The Verdet constant is an optical property named after the French physicist Émile Verdet. It describes the strength of the Faraday effect for a particular material. For a constant magnetic field parallel to the path of the light, it can be calculated as
    $\theta =VBL,$
where $\theta$ is the angle between the starting and ending polarizations, $V$ is the Verdet constant, $B$ is the strength of the magnetic flux density, and $L$ is the path length in the material.
The Verdet constant of a material is wavelength-dependent and for most materials is extremely small. It is strongest in substances containing paramagnetic ions such as terbium. The highest Verdet constants in bulk media are found in terbium-doped dense flint glasses or in crystals of terbium gallium garnet (TGG). These materials have excellent transparency properties and high damage thresholds for laser radiation. Atomic vapours, however, can have Verdet constants which are orders of magnitude larger than TGG, but only over a very narrow wavelength range. Alkali vapours can therefore be used as an optical isolator or as an extremely sensitive magnetometer.
The Faraday effect is chromatic (i.e. it depends on wavelength), and therefore the Verdet constant is quite a strong function of wavelength. At 632.8 nm, the Verdet constant for TGG is reported to be −134 rad/(T·m), whereas at 1064 nm it falls to −40 rad/(T·m). This behavior means that the devices manufactured with a certain degree of rotation at one wavelength will produce much less rotation at longer wavelengths. Many Faraday rotators and isolators are adjustable by varying the degree to which the active TGG rod is inserted into the magnetic field of the device. In this way, the device can be tuned for use with a range of lasers within the design range of the device. Truly broadband sources (such as ultrashort-pulse lasers and the tunable vibronic lasers) will not see the same rotation across the whole wavelength band.
# Mother Mary (1983 film)

Mother Mary (Russian: Мать Мария, romanized: Mat' Mariya) is a 1983 Soviet biopic written and directed by Sergey Kolosov and starring Lyudmila Kasatkina. It is loosely based on real life events of poet Maria Skobtsova. It was entered into the main competition at the 40th edition of the Venice Film Festival.

## Plot

The film tells the story of a bright and tragic fate of the Russian poet Elizaveta Yurevna Kuzmina-Karavayeva, in 1920 she emigrated to France and became a nun under the name of Mary. The shelter-based support it found many disadvantaged Soviet emigres. During the Second World War, Maria has become one of the heroines of the French Resistance.

## Cast

* Lyudmila Kasatkina as Elizaveta Yurievna Kuzmina-Karavayeva
* Leonid Markov as Daniel Skobtsov
* Igor Gorbachyov as Bunakov-Fondaminsky
* Veronika Polonskaya as Sofia Pylenko
* Yevgeniya Khanayeva as Madame Langeais
* Vaclav Dvorzhetsky as Nicolaevsky
* Alexander Timoshkin as Jura
* Natalya Bondarchuk as Nina
* Alexander Lebedev as Anatoly
# Seven Ladders Canyon

The Seven Ladders Canyon (Romanian: Canionul Șapte Scări) is a mountainous canyon carved by the Șapte Scări Brook in Romania in the county of Brașov, south of Dâmbul Morii village. It is considered to be one of the main tourist attractions from the Piatra Mare massif.
The canyon has been carved in Jurassic limestone and is composed by seven waterfalls, the tallest being 35 metres (115 ft) high. The trail within the canyon is arranged with metal stairs and platforms.
7 stairs Canyon, or the "subdivision" of Piatra Mare Mountain miracles, is composed of exactly 7 slope bits illustrating the 7 waterfalls that give the name of the canyon. The 7 steps pass with heights between 2.5 meters and 15 meters turn into cascades when the water volume of the river Seven Stairs increases.
# Rennie K. Tracey

Rennie K. Tracey (April 30, 1874 – June 30, 1929) was a Canadian politician. He served in the Legislative Assembly of New Brunswick from 1921 to 1925 as member of the United Farmers.
# Uy-Salgan

Uy-Salgan (Russian: Уй-Салган; Nogai: Уьй-Салган, Üy-Salgan) is a rural locality (a selo) in Oratyubinsky Selsoviet, Nogaysky District, Republic of Dagestan, Russia. Population: 332 (2010 Census); 398 (2002 Census); 552 (1989 Soviet census). There are 7 streets. Selo was founded in 1914.

## Geography

It is located 57 km west from Terekli-Mekteb.

## Nationalities

Nogais live there.
# Ahmetli, Erzincan

Ahmetli (Kurdish: Ahmediye) is a village in the Erzincan District, Erzincan Province, Turkey. The village is populated by Kurds and had a population of 86 in 2021.
# On the Outside (The Marked Men album)

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
On the Outside is the second studio album by the Denton, Texas punk rock band The Marked Men, released May 18, 2004 by Dirtnap Records.

## Track listing

* All songs written by The Marked Men
* "On the Outside" – 2:22
* "Don't Lose It" – 1:21
* "Gone Away" – 2:07
* "Broken Record" – 1:57
* "No Time" – 2:04
* "So What" – 1:17
* "Right Here with You" – 2:54
* "Doctor Dan" – 1:42
* "Set You Right" – 2:04
* "Still Waiting" – 2:47
* "Cool Devices" – 1:26
* "4,000 Times" – 2:25
* "Master Wicked" – 3:30

## Personnel

* Jeff Burke – guitar, lead vocals
* Mark Ryan – guitar, lead vocals
* Joe Ayoub – bass guitar, backing vocals
* Mike Throneberry – drum kit
# Something More (Train song)

"Something More" is the second single from Train's second album, Drops of Jupiter. The music video for the song was originally to be directed by Nick Brandt, who had completed it, but it was deemed inappropriate by the band's label after the 9/11 attacks due to it being shot around a skyscraper. The second music video was directed by Marc Smerling, his second of three Train music videos, and took place in an Arizona desert.

## Track listing
### 2001 Australia single

* "Something More" (pop mix)
* "I Wish You Would" (live)
* "Eggplant" (live)
* "Free" (live)

### 2001 European single

* "Something More" (album version)
* "Drops of Jupiter (Tell Me)" (live)
* "I Wish You Would" (live)
* "Eggplant" (live)

## Charts

Chart performance for "Something More" :
| Chart (2001) | Peak position |
| Australia (ARIA) | 87 |
| US Billboard Adult Top 40 | 20 |
# Sosnovskoye, Bryansk Oblast

Sosnovskoye (Russian: Сосновское) is a rural locality (a village) in Navlinsky District, Bryansk Oblast, Russia. The population was 40 as of 2010. There is 1 street.

## Geography

Sosnovskoye is located 22 km southwest of Navlya (the district's administrative centre) by road. Saltanovka is the nearest rural locality.