OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Military Ordinariate of Brazil

The Military Ordinariate of Brazil (Portuguese: Ordinariado Militar do Brasil) is a Latin Church military ordinariate of the Catholic Church. Immediately exempt to the Holy See, it provides pastoral care to Catholics serving in the Brazilian Armed Forces and their families.

## History

It was created as a military vicariate on 6 November 1950, with the first military vicar appointment on the same day. It was elevated to a military ordinariate on 21 July 1986. The military ordinary's seat is located at the Military Cathedral of Saint Mary of the Military Queen of Peace (Catedral Militar Santa Maria dos Militares Rainha da Paz) in the city of Brasília.

## Bishops
### Ordinaries
#### Military vicars

* Jaime de Barros Câmara (appointed 6 November 1950 – resigned 9 November 1963)
* Jose Newton de Almeida Baptista (appointed 9 November 1963 – became military ordinary 21 July 1986)

#### Military ordinaries

* Jose Newton de Almeida Baptista (appointed 21 July 1986 – retired 31 October 1990)
* Geraldo do Espírito Santo Ávila (appointed 31 October 1990 – died 14 November 2005)
* Osvino José Both (appointed 7 June 2006 - retired 6 August 2014)
* Fernando José Monteiro Guimarães, C.SS.R. (appointed 6 August 2014- retired 12 March 2022)
* Marcony Vinícius Ferreira (appointed 12 March 2022- incumbent)

### Auxiliary bishops

* Alberto Trevisan, S.A.C. (1964-1966), appointed Auxiliary Bishop of São Sebastião do Rio de Janeiro
* Augustinho Petry (2000-2007), appointed Coadjutor Bishop of Rio do Sul, Santa Catarina
* José Francisco Falcão de Barros (2011-)
# Kahilipara

Kahilipara (Assamese: কাহিলীপাৰা) is a locality in Guwahati, Assam, India. The nearest airport is at Guwahati Airport and railway station at Paltan Bazaar. Surrounded by localities of Ganeshguri and Lalganesh, it is a residential area. Most educational department offices of state government are located here. Some of the important offices are
* Directorate of Public Instruction (the educational department from primary school to higher education)
* State Council for Technical Education
* Special Branch Assam Police
* Government BDS Deaf and Dumb School
* Axom Sarba Sikha Abhiyan Mission Office
* State Forensic Laboratory
* Jyoti Chitraban film studio
* 10th Assam Police Battalion
* 4th Assam Police battalion
* 133KV grid sub station AGCL
* National Power Training Institute
# Tunah

Tunah (Persian: تونه, also Romanized as Tūnah and Tūneh) is a village in Dasht-e Taybad Rural District, Miyan Velayat District, Taybad County, Razavi Khorasan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 559, in 103 families.
# Kuljenovci

Kuljenovci (Serbian: Куљеновци) is a village in the municipality of Derventa, Bosnia and Herzegovina.
# Pinelands High School

Pinelands High School is a public English medium co-educational high school situated in Forest Drive, Pinelands in the city of Cape Town in the Western Cape province of South Africa. It was opened in July 1952 and the founding principal was Jack Kent. The school now enrolls approximately 980 students.
In 2004, the school provided filming locations for the motion picture Ask the Dust, with the sets built to simulate Los Angeles in the 1930s.

## Academics

Grades 8 – 9
English Home Language, Afrikaans or isiXhosa First Additional Language, Mathematics, Creative Arts (Art, Music and Drama), Economic Management Sciences, Life Orientation, Natural Sciences, Social Sciences and Technology.
Grades 10 – 12
Compulsory: English Home Language, Afrikaans or isiXhosa First Additional Language, Mathematics or Mathematical Literacy and Life Orientation.
Elective (minimum of three): Accounting, Computer Applications Technology, Consumer Studies, Design (Surface and Textiles), Dramatic Arts, Engineering Graphics and Design, Geography, History, Information Technology, Life Sciences, Music, Physical Sciences, Tourism and Visual Arts.
Academic Extension Subjects (optional): Advanced Programme English, Advanced Programme Mathematics and IT.

## Notable alumni

* Lesley-Ann Brandt, actress
* Tim Harrell, professional baseball pitcher who represented South Africa at the 2000 Summer Olympics
* Craig Matthews, South African cricket player
* Austin Smith, captain of the South African men's hockey team at the 2012 Summer Olympics in London

## Controversy

On the morning of 26 July 2024, Pinelands High School was notified of a video circulating on social media. The video showed a group of coloured Grade 8 learners "auctioning" off black Grade 8 learners who were forced into a bicycle cage on the Pinelands campus. The "auctioneer" would place the starting bid and then the students outside of the cage would offer their biddings, reminiscent of the slave trade. The video was captioned "Slavery at schools is crazy".
According to a mother of a student who was nearly a victim, the coloured students grabbed her son in an attempt to force him into the cage. However, the child managed to escape. The mother also claimed to have brought previous acts of racist bullying against her son to the school's attention (such as being called a "n****rbob" and being told to "go and eat chicken feet", among other things) but the school had not attempted to deal with it.
The spokesperson for the Western Cape Education Department (WCED), Bronagh Hammond, stated that "The department is aware of the deeply disturbing and hurtful video that is circulating."
The school addressed its staff and students, stating that they are launching an investigation into the situation. As of 28 July 2024, the school has made no official statement to the press.
# Pamela Rickard

Pamela Athalie Deidre Rickard (1928–2002) was an Australian biochemist. She served as head of the University of New South Wales School of Biological Sciences from 1981 to 1988.
Born in Sydney, she worked for a few years at the Daily Telegraph newspaper, before completing a TAFE course and entering Sydney University as a mature age student. She then gained a master's in biochemistry at the New South Wales University of Technology (now the University of New South Wales), writing her thesis on the "iron-containing pigments of certain fungi" under Professor Bernhard Ralph and Dr Frank Moss, and graduating in 1961. She then began a PhD in London on the biosynthesis of porphyrins under Professor Claude Rimington, finishing in 1963. She then began a permanent lecturing position at the University of New South Wales, where she would remain until retirement in 1988.
In the mid 1960s, she became part of the cutting edge field of biotechnology when the school was restructured as the Department of Biotechnology and Biochemical Engineering, only the third biotechnology department in the world at the time. She worked initially on yeast biochemistry, followed by enzyme technology, making interesting discoveries relating to the Crabtree effect, where cytochromes are not synthesised in high-glucose yeast environments. Her group also found that synthesis of other yeast fermentation enzymes was enhanced in such environments, discoveries useful to the brewing industry.
In the 1970s, she worked on the use of enzymes in wine production, with the goal of using sultana grapes for wine, before moving on to the digestion of ligno-cellulosic waste. In 1974 she published a review of the use of enzyme technology in industry.
She retired in 1988, receiving an emeritus professorship, compiling and editing a History of the Development of Biotechnology at UNSW in the same year.
# World Mountain Running Association

The World Mountain Running Association (WMRA) is the global governing body of mountain running.
For World Athletics purposes, mountain running takes place on terrain that is mainly off-road, but if there is significant elevation gain on the route, surfaced roads may be used. Courses involve considerable amounts of ascent (for mainly uphill races), or both ascent and descent (for up and down races with the start and finish at similar heights). The average incline is normally between five and twenty percent. Courses are clearly marked and should avoid dangerous sections.

## History

The WMRA was founded in 1984 as the International Committee for Mountain Running and the decision to change the name to the World Mountain Running Association was taken in 1998. In 1985, the organization staged the first annual World Mountain Running Trophy. In 2002, World Athletics (then the IAAF) officially recognised the World Trophy as an international competition. In 2009, the name was changed to the World Mountain Running Championships.
The WMRA also stages the annual World Long Distance Mountain Running Challenge and a World Cup series of races. Competitions are also held for Masters (veteran) and under 18 year old runners.
Starting from 2021 (the event postponed to 2022) a joint World Mountain and Trail Running Championships are held.

## Competitions

* World Mountain Running Championships
* World Long Distance Mountain Running Championships
* European Mountain Running Championships
* WMRA World Cup
# Rupriikki Media Museum

The Rupriikki Media Museum (Finnish: Mediamuseo Rupriikki) is a history museum devoted to mass communication. It is located in the Vapriikki Museum Centre, in Tampere, Finland. Rupriikki showcases media history. Collections include cellular phones, radios, telephones, computers, and press materials.

## History

The museum was created in 2001 when the City of Tampere, the University of Tampere, telephone company Elisa and newspaper Aamulehti partnered together. The museum opened in 2003.

## Exhibitions

The museum has a permanent exhibition about the history of mass communication. It is broken up into thematic sections. The exhibition "Messages from Pirkanmaa" focuses on the development of mass communication, including newspapers, radio, television, and digital games. "Networked Humanity" is a story of networking and its evolution throughout time. "The Gaming Man" is an exhibition on the long history of games and playing.
Moreover, Rupriikki's new exhibition approaches media phenomena through devices that visitors can try out or play with.
In the past, Rupriikki also had rotating exhibitions. They had an exhibition about Commodore computers in 2006. The exhibition featured ten working Commodores which visitors could play. The museum also had an exhibition celebrating the tenth anniversary of the MindTrek [fi] conference.

## Collections

At the time of the museum's opening, the majority of the IT objects were donated by the local computer club.
# Batrak

Batrak (Russian: Батрак) is a rural locality (a selo) in Novoursayevsky Selsoviet, Bakalinsky District, Bashkortostan, Russia. The population was 39 as of 2010. There is 1 street.

## Geography

Batrak is located 46 km west of Bakaly (the district's administrative centre) by road. Nagaybakovo is the nearest rural locality.
# Jahanabad, Meybod

Jahanabad (Persian: جهان اباد, also Romanized as Jahānābād) is a village in Shohada Rural District, in the Central District of Meybod County, Yazd Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 90, in 27 families.
# Polli Sree College

Polli Sree College (Bengali: পল্লী শ্রী কলেজ) is an intermediate college in Bangladesh. It is located in the village of Madertala in Dumuria Upazila under Khulna District. It was established in 1994. It originated from a Polli Sree School.
# Geotail

Geotail was a satellite that observed the Earth's magnetosphere. It was developed by Japan's ISAS in association with the United States' NASA, and was launched by a Delta II rocket on 24 July 1992 from Cape Canaveral Air Force Station.
The primary purpose of the mission was to study the structure and dynamics of the tail region of the magnetosphere with a comprehensive set of scientific instruments. For this purpose, the orbit has been designed to cover the magnetotail over a wide range of distances: 8 R$_🜨$ to 210 R$_🜨$ from the Earth. This orbit also allowed it to study the boundary region of the magnetosphere as it skims the magnetopause at perigees. In the first two years the double lunar swing-by technique was used to keep apogees in the distant magnetotail. This involved 14 lunar flybys.
In 1993 the computer that controls the Low Energy Particles experiment locked up. Attempts to reset it failed. This problem was solved by changing the trajectory of the craft during a lunar flyby that took place on 26 September 1993 so that it passed through the shadow of the Moon. Power from the batteries was cut while this took place. When the craft left the shadow of the Moon, power returned and the computer started working again.
The apogee was lowered down to 50 R$_🜨$ in mid November 1994 and then to 30 R$_🜨$ in February 1995 in order to study substorm processes in the near-Earth tail region. The present orbit is 9 R$_🜨$ × 30 R$_🜨$ with an inclination of -7° to the ecliptic plane."
Geotail instruments studied electric fields, magnetic fields, plasmas, energetic particles, and plasma waves.
In 1994 the principal investigator of the Plasma Wave Instrument (PWI), the experiment complement, was Professor Hiroshi Matsumoto of Kyoto University, with co-investigators from NASA, the University of Iowa, and STX Corporation. Geotail is an active mission as of 2021. Geotail, WIND, Polar, SOHO, and Cluster were all part of the International Solar-Terrestrial Physics Science Initiative (ISTP) project.
In June 2022, the second and final of Geotail's two data recorders failed, jeopardizing science observation. It was decided to terminate the operation, and the spacecraft was deactivated on 28 November 2022.

## Discoveries

Geotail data has been used to show that flux transfer events move faster than the ambient medium through the Magnetosphere. Those within the Magnetosheath were shown to move both faster and slower than the ambient medium.
During the lunar flybys Geotail identified oxygen, silicon, sodium and aluminium in the lunar atmosphere.
# We Two Alone

Noi due soli (We Two Alone) is a 1952 Italian comedy film directed by Marcello Marchesi, Vittorio Metz and Marino Girolami.

## Cast

* Walter Chiari as Walter
* Hélène Rémy as Gina
* Carlo Campanini as Carlo
* Anna Campori as Miss Fillide
* Raimondo Vianello as Vallini
* Enrico Viarisio as President
* Gianrico Tedeschi as "Muscle"
* Mario Feliciani
* Delia Scala
# Forrest McPherson

Forrest Winfield McPherson (October 22, 1911 – October 7, 1989) was an American football player who played in the National Football League (NFL) for the Chicago Bears, Philadelphia Eagles and Green Bay Packers. He attended the University of Nebraska. Forrest won a Championship with the Packers in 1944.
# Sumar, Netherlands

Sumar (Dutch: Suameer) is a village in the municipality of Tytsjerksteradiel, in the province of Friesland, the Netherlands. It lies south of Burgum, on the N356 [nl], and had a population of approximately 1,382 in January 2017.
There is a windmill in the village, De Hoop.

## History

The village was first mentioned in 1453 as suwamer, and means "southern lake". Su (south) was added to distinguish between Eastermar and Noordermeer [nl]. Sumar developed in the late middle ages as a collection of spread out farms around the church. The Dutch Reformed church was built in 1769 as a replacement of an earlier church.
Sumar was home to 457 people in 1840. Around 1900, the heath in the area was cultivated. The dairy factory De Harste was built 1908 and is a combination of rational and Jugendstil architecture. The north of the village near the Prinses Margrietkanaal [nl] started to industrialize.
The school teacher Kornelis Lieuwes de Vries developed the Bintje potato in 1898 which became one of the most popular potato varieties. The potato was named after the 17-year old Bintje Jansma, one of his students, in 1905.

## Gallery

* House in Sumar
* House on the heath
* Former dairy factory
* Windmill De Hoop
# Massérac

Massérac (French pronunciation: ; Gallo: Macérac, Breton: Merzhereg) is a commune in the Loire-Atlantique department in western France.
# Akhmanovo

Akhmanovo (Russian: Ахманово; Bashkir: Ахман, Axman) is a rural locality (a selo) and the administrative centre of Akhmanovsky Selsoviet, Bakalinsky District, Bashkortostan, Russia. The population was 476 as of 2010. There are 2 streets.

## Geography

Akhmanovo is located 9 km southwest of Bakaly (the district's administrative centre) by road. Starye Balykly is the nearest rural locality.
# Frankolovo crime

The Frankolovo crime (Slovene: Frankolovski zločin) was one of the worst Nazi war crimes in the territory of present-day Slovenia during World War II. On February 12, 1945, members of the Wehrmacht killed one hundred Slovene civilians at Graben in Stranice, near Frankolovo.
The crime was committed as revenge for a Slovene partisan ambush in Tesno gorge, when on February 2, 1945, important local Nazi officer Anton Dorfmeister was mortally wounded, dying the next day in Celje hospital. In retaliation, the Nazis gathered one hundred hostages from the prisons of Celje, Maribor, and Trbovlje and hanged them on trees along the road.
# Magnus Ulleland

Magnus Ulleland (10 September 1929 – 7 March 2016) was a Norwegian philologist.

## Biography

Ulleland was born in Flora. He was appointed professor at the University of Oslo from 1974 to 1976. He was a member of the Norwegian Academy of Science and Letters. Among his works are several translations from Italian language into Nynorsk, and he was decorated with the Order of Merit of the Italian Republic in 1999.
# Washington Township, Jackson County, Iowa

Washington Township is a township in Jackson County, Iowa, United States. It was organized from areas of the original Bellevue and Van Buren Townships. Washington Township is 25,536 acres or 39.9 square miles with 2.2 square miles covered with water. The landscape includes numerous lakes and streams including the Maquoketa River.

## History

Washington Township was established in 1851.
# Porezen, Tolmin

Porezen (pronounced; in older sources also Porzen) is a dispersed settlement on the northern slopes of a hill also named Porezen above the Bača Valley in the Municipality of Tolmin in the Littoral region of Slovenia.

## Name

Porezen was attested in historical sources as Poworsona in 1523, Possenikh in 1560, Potporsna in 1591, and Podporsnam in 1633. The name is reconstructed with the prefix pod 'below' as *Podvrěsьno, referring to a location below a peak called *Vrěsni vrh or *Vresnik—referring to the treeless peak southeast of the village now also called Porezen (elevation: 1,630 meters or 5,350 feet), which was covered in heather (Slovene: vresje).
# Orinsay

Orinsay (Scottish Gaelic: Orasaigh) is a crofting village on the Isle of Lewis in the district of Pairc, in the Outer Hebrides, Scotland. The settlement is within the parish of Lochs. Orinsay is 30 miles (50 kilometres) from Stornoway, the major town of the Isle of Lewis, by Road. It is the birthplace of folk singer Calum Kennedy.
# Zhuravka

Zhuravka (Russian: Журавка) is a rural locality (a selo) and the administrative center of Zhuravskoye Rural Settlement, Yelansky District, Volgograd Oblast, Russia. The population was 788 as of 2010. There are 5 streets.

## Geography

Zhuravka is located on Khopyorsko-Buzulukskaya Plain, 30 km southeast of Yelan (the district's administrative centre) by road. Tersa is the nearest rural locality.
# Damlabaşı, Güçlükonak

Damlabaşı (Kurdish: Dilopkê) is a village in the Güçlükonak District of Şırnak Province in Turkey. The village is populated by Kurds of the Harunan tribe and had a population of 416 in 2021.
# Maclay's Mill

Maclay's Mill is the former site of a grist mill located approximately 4 miles (6.4 km) from Shippensburg, Pennsylvania along the Conodoguinet Creek.

## History

Maclay's Mill was built along the area near the Conodoguinet Creek which was first settled in 1742 by Charles Maclay, Sr., who had arrived in America eight years prior. The mill was built around 1786 by Charles' son John Maclay. Although there is controversy as to the date, one family narrative includes a legend that the mill race leading to John Maclay's grist mill was dug by Hessian prisoners of war during the American Revolution. The mill lasted seven generations until it was dismantled in 1918 after being sold to Clarence Stouffer. Over its lifetime the mill was the childhood home of two United States Senators, William Maclay (politician) and Samuel Maclay, this also being the birthplace of the latter of the two.
# Chandrabhan Singh Aakya

Chandrabhan Singh Chouhan Aakya (born 5 September 1976) is an Indian politician currently serving as a member of the 16th Rajasthan Legislative Assembly, representing the Chittorgarh Assembly constituency. He previously served as a member of the 14th and 15th Rajasthan Legislative Assembly as a Bharatiya Janata Party candidate but currently holds office as an independent candidate. He won the 2023 Rajasthan Assembly election as an independent candidate.

## Education

He completed his M.A. in 2000 and earned a postgraduate diploma in Physical Education (M. P.Ed.) in 2001 from Mohanlal Sukhadia University.

## Political career

He previously served as an MLA from 2013 to 2018 and again from 2018 to 2023 representing the Chittorgarh Assembly constituency.
Following the 2023 Rajasthan Legislative Assembly election, he was re-elected as an MLA from the Chittorgarh Assembly constituency, defeating Surendra Singh Jadawat, the candidate from the Indian National Congress (INC), by a margin of 6823 votes.
Political statistics :
| Period | Position Held |
| 2023 | Member of the 16th Rajasthan Legislative Assembly |
| 2018 – 2023 | Member of the 15th Rajasthan Legislative Assembly |
| 2016 – 2018 | Chairman, Committee on Local Bodies and Panchayati Raj Institutions |
| 2013 – 2018 | Member of the 14th Rajasthan Legislative Assembly |
| 2009 - 2014 | Chairman, Chittorgarh Kendriya Sahkari Bank Ltd. |
| 1997 | College President in Akhil Bharatiya Vidyarthi Parishad |

## Resignation from BJP

He was denied BJP ticket from Chittorgarh. His candidacy was given to Narpat Singh Rajvi, former MLA from Vidhyadhar Nagar, who had previously served as an MLA from Chittorgarh twice, in 1993 and 2003.
He resigned from the party and contested as an independent candidate in the 2023 Assembly election.

## Personal life

He married Sushila Kanwar. His wife is a homemaker.
# Himsi

Himsi (Arabic: حِمْصي / ALA-LC: Ḥimṣī) or Homsi (Levantine Arabic: حُمْصي / Ḥomṣi) is an Arabic locational surname, nisba, which means a person from Homs, Syria or those who traded with the residents of Homs, Syria. Lebanese people who carry this last name originally split from the Belish family in Zahle, Lebanon in the early 20th century. They are mostly Melkites. Notable people with the surname include:
* Akram al-Homsi, Jordanian politician
* Edmond Al-Homsi (1901–1972), Syrian politician
* Ibn Na'ima al-Himsi (9th century), Syrian translator
* Majd Homsi (born 1982), Syrian footballer
* Qustaki al-Himsi (1858–1941), Syrian writer