OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Electron cooling

Electron cooling (Russian: электронное охлаждение) is a method to shrink the emittance (size, divergence, and energy spread) of a charged particle beam without removing particles from the beam. Since the number of particles remains unchanged and the space coordinates and their derivatives (angles) are reduced, this means that the phase space occupied by the stored particles is compressed. It is equivalent to reducing the temperature of the beam. See also stochastic cooling.
The method was invented by Gersh Budker at INP, Novosibirsk, in 1966 for the purpose of increasing luminosity of hadron colliders. It was first tested in 1974 with 68 MeV protons at NAP-M storage ring at INP.
It is used at both operating ion colliders: the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider and in the Low Energy Ion Ring at CERN.
Basically, electron cooling works as follows:
* A beam of dense quasi-monoenergetic electrons is produced and merged with the ion beam to be cooled.
* The velocity of the electrons is made equal to the average velocity of the ions.
* The ions undergo Coulomb scattering in the electron “gas” and exchange momentum with the electrons. Thermodynamic equilibrium is reached when the particles have the same momentum, which requires that the much lighter electrons have much higher velocities. Thus, thermal energy is transferred from the ions to the electrons.
* The electron beam is finally bent away from the ion beam.
# Mickaël Leca

Mickaël Leca (born 4 July 1994) is a French professional footballer who plays as a left-back for Régional 1 club SC Bocognano.

## Career

On 22 March 2014, Leca made his professional debut in a 3–2 Ligue 1 away win over Valenciennes, playing the full ninety minutes.
# Jerome Lewis

Jerome Ambrose Lewis (January 14, 1890 – October 25, 1962) was an American Negro league infielder who played in the 1910s.
A native of Memphis, Tennessee, Lewis attended Talladega College. He made his Negro leagues debut in 1910 with the West Baden Sprudels. He went on to play four seasons with the Sprudels, and also played for the Leland Giants in 1913. Lewis died in French Lick, Indiana in 1962 at age 72.
# Gökçen, Kocaköy

Gökçen (Kurdish: Dêrûn) is a neighbourhood in the municipality and district of Kocaköy, Diyarbakır Province in Turkey. It is populated by Kurds and had a population of 696 in 2022.
# Igor Morozov (politician)

Igor Nikolayevich Morozov (Russian: И́горь Никола́евич Моро́зов; born December 10, 1956) is a Russian politician. He is a member of the Federation Council of the Ryazan Oblast since 2012 (from executive branch until 2017, and then from legislative branch, passing his former seat to ex-governor Oleg Kovalyov). Morozov was candidate for governor of Ryazan Oblast (in the elections in 2004 and in 2012). Expert in the field of international economic relations, the author of several scientific papers. He was once a special operative for the KGB, and completed at least one assignment to the Badakhshan Province in Afghanistan in 1982.
He speaks English, German and Persian languages.

## Sanctions

He was sanctioned by the UK government in 2022 in relation to the Russo-Ukrainian War.
# Resego Kgosidintsi

Resego Natalie Kgosidintsi is a Botswana women's rights activist and political candidate. In political circles, she is known as Petrol Bomb for her outspoken political beliefs.

## Early life and education

Resego Kgosidintsi is the daughter of Bontsibokae and Colleen Kgosidintsi, born in Serowe, Botswana. As a child, she participated in school debate teams, traveling to Ghana and Zimbabwe. She studied political science at the University of Botswana. While in university, Kgosidintsi served as the Student Representative Council's Minister of Information and Publicity, and she was the first woman chairperson of the Movement Against Student Suppression.

## Career

Kgosidintsi has gained notoriety for her direct approach in protesting violence against women. Politically, she has supported the Botswana National Front and its leader Duma Boko. She describes herself as a "vagina justice activist" and supports the legalization of sex work. She has been involved with the mobilization of women political candidates in response to gender inequality in Botswana political bodies, seeking to have a woman contest every political seat in the 2024 Botswana general election.
Kgosidintsi was Village Ward Secretary and Treasurer for Gaborone Central and was then elected as an additional member of BNF South Central Region. She then served as the secretary general of the Botswana National Front Women's League. In 2020, she was arrested and then released the following day, prompting criticism of the government for arresting opposition members.
Kgosidintsi sought the presidency of the Botswana National Front Youth League in 2020. The contest was delayed until 2022, at which point she defeated opponent Carter Joseph by 337 votes to 26. She also sought the Parliamentary seat of the Gaborone Bonnington North constituency in 2022. Kgosidintsi caused controversy in October 2022 when she publicly criticized opposition party leadership for their inability to unseat the majority party.

## Personal life

Kgosidintsi began dating politician Karabo Matonkomane in 2019. The couple announced in 2021 that they were expecting a child together. In 2022, she expressed her intention to join the Botswana Defence Force.
# Jwalamalini temple

Shri Atishaya Kshetra Simhanagadde Jwala Malini Digambar Jain Temple or Atishaya Shri Kshetra Simhanagadde is a famous Jain temple in Narasimharajapura of Chikmagalur district in Karnataka.

## About temple

The temple is considered one of the main Jain centres in Karnataka. The main temple is dedicated to the goddess Jwalamalini. Jwalamalini presides as the guardian deity of the temple. Jwalamalini is seated in Sukhasana posture with her eight hands carrying dāna, double arrow, chakra, trishula, pasha, flag, bowlet and kalasa. The goddess is seated on a buffalo pedestal. The pedestal has a three-line Kannada inscription.
The temple belongs to the Vijayanagara period and forms part of the Yapaniya sect of Mula Sangha. The temple complex includes a Humcha Matha and is a site for one of the 11 surviving Bhattarak in Karnataka. The temple houses a depiction of Samavasarana in the main devi Pārśvanātha Basadi.
The temple is famous for its chaturvidha (four-fold) dāna' tradition.

## Other temples

Chandraprabha Basadi is built using wood and stone. The mulnayak of the temple is a 2.5 feet (0.76 m) white marble idol of Chandraprabha seated in lotus position with shrivatsa carved on the chest and symbol of moon carved on the pedestal.
Shantinath Basadi is built using laterite bricks and a tiled roof. The mulnayak of the temple is a 3 feet (0.91 m) dark stone idol of Shantinatha bearing an inscription dating back to the 14th century.
# Poor Man's Party

The Poor Man's Party (Burmese: ဆင်းရဲသား ဝံသာနု အဖွဲ့; also known as the Sinyetha or Proletarian) was a political party in Burma led by Ba Maw.

## History

The party was formed in 1935 in order to contest the 1936 general elections, one of numerous parties in the 1920s and 1930s that had grown out of the General Council of Burmese Associations. It aimed to appeal to the peasantry, calling for reductions in rents and tax, elections for village heads, state-provided credit for farmers and the buy-back of foreign-owned agricultural land.
Although the party only won 16 of the 132 seats in the House of Representatives in the elections, Ba Maw was able to form a government, although reaching agreement with other parties required him to abandon much of the party's manifesto.
Following the start of World War II, the party merged with the Dobama Asiayone to form the Freedom Bloc.
# Ulu-Sysy

Ulu-Sysy (Russian: Улу-Сысы; Yakut: Улуу Сыһыы, Uluu Sıhıı) is a rural locality (a selo) in Odununsky Rural Okrug of Gorny District in the Sakha Republic, Russia, located 187 kilometers (116 mi) from Berdigestyakh, the administrative center of the district and 100 kilometers (62 mi) from Magaras, the administrative center of the rural okrug. Its population as of the 2002 Census was 22.
# Fyodor Kamensky

Fyodor Fyodorovich Kamensky (Russian: Фёдор Фёдорович Каменский; 2 September [O.S. 21 August] 1836 – 26 August 1913) was a Russian sculptor. From 1873 on he worked in the U.S.

## Biography

Kamensky was born in Lesnoye [ru], a suburb of Saint Petersburg, to the family of an administrator of the Imperial Forestry Institute in the city. In 1852-1860 he studied at the Imperial Academy of Arts under Nikolai Pimenov, Peter Clodt von Jürgensburg and Feodor Bruni. In Academy he received gold medals for bas-reliefs Senate asked Cincinnatus to stay in Rome and Regulus returns to Carthage. Made busts of Taras Shevchenko and Feodor Bruni. Kamensky's works were praised by Vladimir Stasov who saw them as the first break from the idealization of the subjects. Kamensky received Academy scholarship and in 1863-1869 studied in Italy.
Among sculptures made in Italy were sentimental sculptures First Step, Young Sculptor, Widow, Girl Picking Mushrooms, Children in the Rain, and the model of a monument to Mikhail Glinka. For the sculpture Widow he became an Academician of the Imperial Academy of Arts and moved back to Saint-Petersburg.
Still in 1870 he returned to Florence and in 1873 he moved to Florida, United States. In United States he became a farmer. Still he continued his sculpturing making decorations for the Kansas government building, project of "Roman fountains" in New York City, sculpture Amor for Tampa, Florida.
A bit different history was published in Russia. "Fedor Kamensky, a sculptor already well-known to the Russian public, a student of N. S. Pimenov, left Russia in 1871. After a short stay in Kansas, he moved to Florida in 1883 to the city of Clearwater, where he bought an eight-acre plot of land and built it house on the shore of the Gulf of Mexico. ... it is not known for what reasons Kamensky left Russia. When Kamensky settled in Clearwater, only 16 families lived there. His arrival coincides with the arrival of Dementiev (Peter Demens). ... the first wife of Kamensky died in Florence, leaving his daughter Sofia. Sofia Kamenskaya was later a teacher in New Jersey. In America, Kamensky married a second time, to a native of Switzerland, they had three children. In the same 1883, nephew Ivan Filippov came to Kamensky from Russia, whose parents owned stud farms in southern Russia. Ivan Filippov succeeded in Florida by becoming a major construction contractor. In Clearwater, he built the Capitol Theater, the Scronton Hotel, the city hall and the first bank, and many other houses that adorned the city."
In 1893 during preparations for the World's Columbian Exposition in Chicago he became the Commissioner of Fine Arts for the Russian exposition. He prepared "huge concrete sculptures for the pavilion" as well as selected 130 paintings and statues from Russia to be presented on the exhibition. His last years he worked on a complex World sculpture (unfinished). Fyodor Kamensky died in Clearwater, Florida, on 26 August 1913.

## Selected sculptures

* Young sculptor, 1866
* Widow and her son, 1867
* First Step, 1872 (marble version)
* Girl mushroom (iron casting based on an 1871 plaster model of Gribovnitsa)
# Pyaw Shwin Chin Wit Nyin

Pyaw Shwin Chin Wit Nyin (Burmese: ပျော်ရွှင်ခြင်းဝိညာဉ်) is a 2018 Burmese comedy-horror television series. It aired on MRTV-4, from June 14 to July 12, 2018, on Mondays to Fridays at 19:00 for 21 episodes.

## Cast

* Kyaw Hsu as Ye Naung
* Wint Yamone Naing as May Shar San
* Thi Ha as Lin Let
* Kyaw Soe as Dipar (Ghost#1)
* Thun Thitsar Zaw as Yamin
* Zaw Htet as Htun Htun
* Shwe Sin Wint Shein as Shin Thant Phyu
* Zin Myo as Thet Min
* Tayzar Kyaw as Chan Myae
* Nay Lin as Aung Aung (Ghost#2)
* Shwe Eain Min as Wutyi Oo (Ghost#3)
* Pan Thee as Win Htut (Ghost#4)
* Ye Lay Ma as Ma Gyi Soe
* Thaw Phone Sett (child actor) as Baby Ghost
# Bullettu Bandi

"Bullettu Bandi" is a Telugu-language song performed by singer Mohana Bhogaraju. The song was produced by Nirupa Patel, S. Samuel, and Bluerabbit Entertainment. It was directed by Vinay Shanmukh with music composed by SK Baji and lyrics by Laxman.

## Background

"Bullettu Bandi" is an independent Telugu-language music video that gained popularity for its catchy tune and vibrant visuals. The song was performed by Mohana Bhogaraju, a singer known for her work in Telugu cinema. The song was produced by Nirupa Patel, S. Samuel, and Bluerabbit Entertainment, with direction, cinematography, editing works by Vinay Shanmukh. The music video for "Bullettu Bandi" was praised for its dynamic cinematography and colorful production design.The video features vibrant choreography and visually engaging sequences that enhance the song's appeal. The makeup and hair styling were handled by Hairology by Chinna, while the publicity design was done by MKS Manoj.

## Music and lyrics

The music for "Bullettu Bandi" was composed by SK Baji, with additional programming by Nagur and violin played by Sandilya Pisapati. The lyrics, written by Laxman, are known for their playful and rhythmic style, complementing the energetic vibe of the music. The song's choreography was done by Tharun Kumar, and the costumes were provided by Madhviartstudio.

## In pop-culture

In 2021, a couple dancing to "Bullettu Bandi" at their baraat went Viral, The dance of Sai Shriya and Ashok were dancing to the ‘Bullet Bandi’ and it won the people's hearts. The song was also considered as one among the top 10 Telugu songs of year 2021, along with the likes of "Saami Saami" from Pushpa: The Rise, "Saranga Dariya" from Love Story.

## Reception

"Bullettu Bandi" was well received by audiences, particularly for its catchy melody and engaging visuals. The song became popular on social media and streaming platforms, further establishing Mohana Bhogaraju's presence in the Telugu music scene.
# Sveti Trije Kralji v Slovenskih Goricah

Sveti Trije Kralji v Slovenskih Goricah (pronounced) is a small village in the Municipality of Benedikt in northeastern Slovenia. The area is part of the traditional region of Styria. It is now included in the Drava Statistical Region.
The local church from which the settlement gets its name is dedicated to the Three Kings (Slovene: Sveti Trije Kralji) and belongs to the Parish of Benedict. It was first mentioned in written documents dating to 1445 and was expanded in the early 16th century.
# Albina Shagimuratova

Albina Anvarovna Shagimuratova (Russian: Альбина Анваровна Шагимуратова; born 17 October 1979) is a Russian coloratura soprano. In 2019 her recording of the title role in Semiramide for Opera Rara won the International Opera Awards and the International Classical Music Awards (ICMA), followed by "Neala" in Donizetti's Il paria, again with Mark Elder recorded for Opera Rara. Her worldwide career started at the Salzburg Festival singing the "Queen of the night" in Mozart's Die Zauberflöte, performing at Houston Grand Opera, the Lucerne Festival, San Francisco Opera, Vienna State Opera, Teatro alla Scala, Liceu and The Royal Opera, London. In 2018 Albina recorded the "Queen of the Night" with Yannick Nézet-Séguin for Deutsche Grammophon and performed it in Salzburg, she sang on Moscow's Red Square for the World Cup's opening gala and at the opening of Moscow's new concert hall, Zaryadye both concerts led by Valery Gergiev. 2016 saw her role debut as Konstanze in Mozart's Die Entführung aus dem Serail at the Metropolitan Opera in New York City and the title role in Semiramide at the BBC Proms. Albina Shagimuratova is chair of the jury for the International Glinka Competition and jury member of the International Tchaikovsky Competition.

## Repertoire

* Semiramide, Semiramide
* Il paria, Neala
* Die Zauberflöte, Queen of the Night
* Lucia di Lammermoor, Lucia
* Die Entführung aus dem Serail, Konstanze
* La traviata, Violetta
* Mitridate, re di Ponto, Aspasia
* Don Giovanni, Donna Anna
* Rigoletto , Gilda
# Stanko Mlakar Stadium

Stanko Mlakar Stadium (Slovene: Stadion Stanka Mlakarja), located in the Kranj Sports Centre (Slovene: Športni center Kranj), is a multi-purpose stadium in Kranj, Slovenia. It is mostly used for football matches and hosts the home matches of Triglav Kranj in the Slovenian Second League. In 2009, the stadium underwent a major reconstruction in which a new stand was built and the stadium now has a capacity of 2,060 seats.

## International matches

Slovenia national team matches :
| Date | Competition | Opponent | Result | Attendance |
| 13 October 1993 | Friendly | Macedonia | 1–4 | 3,000 |
# Maciej Bernadowski

Maciej Bernadowski (born 29 April 1989) is a Polish ice dancer. His former partners include Milena Szymczyk, Natalia Sinkiewicz, and Anastasia Gavrylovych. He and Szymczyk were coached by his mother, Bożena Bernadowska, in their hometown Łódź. Bernadowski currently skates with Alexandra Zvorigina, with whom he is a three-time (2011–2013) Polish national champion.
His elder brother, Filip Bernadowski, also competed in ice dance.

## Programs

(with Zvorigina)
| Season | Short dance | Free dance |
| 2012–2013 | Gaite Parisienne by Jacques Offenbach Kaiser-Walzer by Johann Strauss II | Fiddler on the Roof by Jerry Bock |
| 2011–2012 | Love of My Life by Carlos Santana Black Machine | Notre-Dame de Paris by Riccardo Cocciante: Le temps des cathédrales Tentative d'enlevement Danse Mon Esmeralda |

## Results
### With Zvorigina

Results :
| International ||||
| Event | 2010–2011 | 2011–2012 | 2012–2013 |
| Worlds | | 29th | |
| Europeans | | 15th PR | |
| Ondrej Nepela | | 9th | 10th |
| NRW Trophy | | 11th | |
| Coupe de Nice | | 9th | |
| National ||||
| Polish Champ. | 1st | 1st | 1st |
| PR = Preliminary round ||||

### With Gavrylovych

Results :
| International |||
| Event | 2007–2008 | 2008–2009 |
| Junior Worlds | 16th J. | |
| JGP Bulgaria | 11th J. | |
| JGP Great Britain | 10 J. | |
| NRW Trophy | 1st J. | |
| Baltic Cup | | 4th J. |
| National |||
| Polish Championships | 1st J. | |
| Mazovia Cup | 2nd J. | |
| J. = Junior level |||

### With Sinkiewicz

International :
| Event | 2006–2007 |
| Pavel Roman Memorial | 9th J. |
| National ||
| Polish Championships | 1st J. |
| J. = Junior level ||

### With Szymczyk

Results :
| International |||
| Event | 2004–2005 | 2005–2006 |
| JGP Hungary | 13th | |
| JGP Poland | | 12th |
| JGP Slovakia | | 10th |
| JGP Ukraine | 12th | |
| Pavel Roman Memorial | 6th J. | 8th J. |
| National |||
| Polish Championships | 2nd J. | 2nd J. |
| Junior Ice Dance Cup | | 6th |
# Scottish Grand Committee

The Scottish Grand Committee is a committee of the House of Commons. It is not a select committee (see Scottish Affairs Select Committee), but rather a grand committee composed of all 59 Scottish MPs (72 MPs prior to 2005).
The Scottish Grand Committee's function is to oversee UK Parliament bills specific to Scotland.
For several years it met at the Old Royal High School in Edinburgh.

## History

It has its origins in a Scottish standing committee set up in 1907 to consider the Committee Stage of exclusively Scottish bills. Its remit was widened in 1948 to include consideration of bills "in relation to their principle" and up to six days of Estimates debates. In 1957 up to two days of Matter Day debates was added and Committee Stage consideration was transferred to a small Scottish Standing Committee.
In operation bills under debate were normally limited to Scottish MPs, but voting was open to all UK parliamentarians. So in practice at decision time, UK MPs for other home nations would fill the chamber and often vote down any proposals put forward by the Scottish MPs.
In July 1994, a number of new procedures were introduced in the SGC which provided for:
* questions to be asked of the Secretary of State
* statements by, and subsequent questions to, any Minister of the Crown
* substantive debates on the adjournment
* half-hour adjournment debates at the end of each sitting (chosen by ballot)
* the power to meet in Scotland
However, since the creation of the Scottish Parliament none has been presented, and consequently the Committee has met only occasionally since. It is not a defunct body, however, as a Scotland-only UK Parliament bill is still theoretically possible.
The retention of the Scottish Grand Committee was agreed by the House of Commons on 21 October 1999. The Committee last met in November 2003.
In February 2020, the Scottish National Party suggested that regular meetings of the Scottish Grand Committee be revived to ensure that the actions of the UK Government in relation to Scotland are properly scrutinised.

### Chairmen

* 1987–1997 Michael Martin (Labour)
* 1997–2001 John Maxton (Labour)
* 2001–2003 Various chairmen
# Badnjevac, Batočina

Badnjevac (Serbian: Бадњевац) is a village in the municipality of Batočina in the Šumadija District of Serbia. The population was 1,084 in the 2011 census.

## Geography

The village of Badnjevac is located in the central part of Serbia, in the eastern half of Šumadija District. It lies 7.75 kilometres (4.82 mi) to the west of the town of Batočina, the seat of the municipality. The nearest city is Kragujevac, about 15.65 kilometres (9.72 mi) to the southwest. Belgrade is 87 kilometres (54 mi) to the north. Badnjevac lies along the Lepenica River, which flows northeast towards the Great Morava River.

## Demographics

As of the 2011 census, there were 1,084 people, 342 households and 323 families residing in the village. The average household size was 3.17 and the average family size was 2.90.
Of the total families, 53.2% were couples living together with children, 36.5% were couples living together without children, 5.8% had a female householder with no husband present, and 4.3% had a male householder with no wife present. 23.1% of total households were made up of individuals; 36.3% had 2 or 3 members; 26.3% had 4 or 5 members; and 14.3% had 6 or more members.
The median age in the village was 44.0 years. 16.6% of residents were under the age of 18; 15.4% were between the ages of 18 and 29; 23.8% were from 30 to 49; 27.8% were from 50 to 69; and 16.3% were 70 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the village was 52.8% male and 47.2% female.
According to the 2002 census, the village had a population of 1,165 people. The ethnic composition of the village was 99.1% Serbian, with 0.9% identifying as other groups. The population has declined over the past 5 censuses since 1961.

## Transportation

The village has a railway station on the line between Lapovo and Kragujevac. The nearest expressway is the State Road 24, which links Batočina and Kraljevo.
# Tayeb Zitouni

Tayeb Zitouni (Arabic: الطيب زيتوني; born 24 September 1956) is an Algerian politician, He was Minister of Moudjahidine (War Veterans) and Rights Holders from 2014 to 2021.
# Mickaël Nanizayamo

Mickaël Ange Nanizayamo (born 8 May 1998) is a French professional footballer who plays as a centre-back.

## Club career

On 23 January 2022, Nanizayamo joined SCR Altach in Austria on loan.

## Personal life

Nanizayamo is of Burundian and DR Congolese descent. He is the younger brother of Jonathan Nanizayamo.
# Kheleturi

Kheleturi (Russian: Хелетури) is a rural locality (a selo) and the administrative centre of Kheleturinsky Selsoviet, Botlikhsky District, Republic of Dagestan, Russia. The population was 721 as of 2010. There are 9 streets.

## Geography

Kheleturi is located 11 km south of Botlikh (the district's administrative centre) by road. Alak is the nearest rural locality.
# Mickaël Panos

Mickaël Panos (Greek: Μιχάλης Πάνος, romanized: Mihalis Panos; born 10 February 1997) is a French professional footballer who plays as a defensive midfielder for Liga II club Voluntari.

## Club career

Panos made his professional debut for Saint-Étienne in a 2–0 Ligue 1 win over Monaco on 28 September 2018.
In summer 2023, Panos signed a contract with 1599 Șelimbăr.

## International career

Born in France, Panos is of Greek descent. Panos made one appearance for the France U19s in a 1–1 friendly tie with the Serbia U19s.

## Honours
### Châteauroux

* Championnat National: 2016–17

### Vllaznia Shköder

* Albanian Cup: 2021–22