OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Lake Chukhloma

Chukhloma Lake (Russian: Чу́хломское озеро) is a freshwater lake in Kostroma Oblast in Russia. It is located at around 58°47′N 42°37′E﻿ / ﻿58.783°N 42.617°E﻿ / 58.783; 42.617, at an elevation of 148 meters above sea level. It has an area of 48.7 km², and an average depth of 4.5 meters.
The lake is almost circular in shape, with a diameter of 6–7 km. The shores are flat and boggy. The bottom consists of mud and silt. It is frozen from late October to late April. A number of small rivers and streams enters the Chukhloma Lake. It has an outflow towards the northwest, which drains towards the Kostroma River.
At the lake's southeastern shore lies the town of Chukhloma. At its northern shore, in the village of Nozhkino, lies the Avraamiyevo-Gorodetsky Monastery, founded by Avraamy of Galich in the 15th century.
The lake is also home to the Chukhloma crucian carp, mentions of which date back to 1671. This variety of carp is unusual as they stop growing in length once they reach 14 inches (36 cm) and grow only in width.
# Moinabad, Markazi

Moinabad (Persian: معين اباد, also Romanized as Mo‘īnābād) is a village in Bazarjan Rural District, in the Central District of Tafresh County, Markazi Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 63, consisting of 19 families.
# Poix-de-Picardie

Poix-de-Picardie (French pronunciation:, literally Poix of Picardy; Picard: Poé-d’Picardie) is a commune in the Somme department in Hauts-de-France in northern France.

## Geography

The commune is situated at the junction of the N1 and N29 roads, some 20 miles (32 km) southwest of Amiens, at the bottom of a rather steep-sided valley, confined by Normandy to the south and Picardy to the north. The commune has rail access at the Poix-de-Picardie station, on the Rouen to Amiens line.

## Places of interest

* The sixteenth century church of Saint-Denis’ priory. In flamboyant Gothic style, the base of the tower dates from the twelfth century. Before becoming the parish church, it was the chapel of the château.
* Military cemetery. Containing the graves of 149 Second World War Commonwealth aircrew.

## Tyrrel family

The Tyrrel, or Tirel, family were Lords of Poix from the twelfth to the fifteenth century. The most famous member of this family was Walter Tirel, who killed King William Rufus of England, son of William the Conqueror; whether it was an accident or an assassination has never been established. Walter's grandson Hugh Tyrrel, baron of Castleknock, played a prominent role in the Norman Conquest of Ireland and in the Third Crusade.
* Church porch
* The military cemetery.
* The railway viaduct, under repair after destruction during World War I
# Siege of Messina

Siege of Messina may refer to:
* Siege of Messina (842–843), a 9th-century siege of the city by an Arab army
* Siege of Messina (1282), a 13th-century siege of the city by Angevin Naples
* Siege of Messina (1848), a 19th-century siege of the city by the Kingdom of Two Sicilies
# Richard Pigott

Richard Pigott (1835 – 1 March 1889) was an Irish journalist, best known for his forging of evidence that Charles Stewart Parnell of the Irish National Land League had been sympathetic to the perpetrators of the Phoenix Park Murders. Parnell successfully sued for libel and Pigott shot himself.

## Journalist

Richard Pigott was born in Ratoath, County Meath, in 1835. As a young man he supported Irish nationalism and worked on the publications The Nation and The Tablet before acting as manager of The Irishman, a newspaper founded by Denis Holland. James O'Connor later claimed Pigott embezzled funds from The Irishman (Holland, who had no business sense, left its affairs to Pigott) and covered his tracks by not keeping written records. Pigott also worked for the Irish National Land League, departing in 1883 after accusing its treasurer, Mr Fagan, of being unable to account for £100,000 (equivalent to £12,700,000 in 2023) of its funds and for keeping inadequate records. Nothing was done about his accusation and Pigott turned against the League, which was allied to the Irish Parliamentary Party led by the League's president, Charles Stewart Parnell.

## The forgeries

In 1879 Pigott was proprietor of three newspapers, which he soon sold to the League. Hitherto a zealous nationalist, from 1884 onwards Pigott vilified his former associates and sold information to their political opponents. In an effort to destroy Parnell's career, Pigott forged several letters which purported that Parnell had supported the perpetrators of the Phoenix Park murders of 1882.
The Times bought Pigott's forgeries for £1,780 (equivalent to £250,000 in 2023) and published the most damning letter on 18 April 1887. Parnell immediately denounced it as "a villainous and barefaced forgery". In February 1889, the Parnell Commission vindicated him by proving that the letters were fake. They included misspellings (specifically 'hesitency [sic]') which Pigott had written elsewhere. A libel action instituted by Parnell also vindicated him, and his parliamentary career survived the Pigott accusations.
The Commission eventually produced thirty-seven volumes in evidence, covering not just the forgeries but also the surrounding violence that followed from the Plan of Campaign.
After admitting his forgeries to Henry Labouchère, Pigott fled to Spain and shot himself in a Madrid hotel room. Parnell then sued The Times for libel, and the newspaper paid him £5,000 (equivalent to £698,000 in 2023) in an out-of-court settlement, as well as considerably more in legal fees. When Parnell next entered the House of Commons, he received a hero's reception from his fellow Members of Parliament.

## Personal life

At the time of Piggott's death he had four sons aged six, seven, twelve and thirteen years.

## Publications

* Pigott, Richard (1883). Personal Recollections of an Irish National Journalist. Dublin: Hodges, Figgis, & Co.
* — (1889). O'Connor, James (ed.). Recollections of Richard Pigott. Dublin: M. H. Gill and Son.
# Roger-Arnould Rivière

Roger-Arnould Rivière (21 March 1930 – 16 September 1959) was a French poet.
Rivière was born in Tarare, Rhône. Despite not being unpopular among other people, he was disgusted with his looks (especially lips). His poetry both shows and hides this "ugliness". He was an admirer of Dylan Thomas and also Cesare Pavese, whose book he held in his hand when he committed suicide in Lyon by poisoning himself with gas.

## Books

* Masques pour une Ordalie (Paragraphes, ed. Millas-Martin, 1953)
* Poésies complètes (ed. Guy Chambelland, 1963; reprinted 1975), published after the author's death

## References and external links

* ↑ Revue Les Hommes sans Épaules
* ↑ col. Bytosti schopné zemřít, p. 131
* Roger-Arnould Rivière, PDF in French
* This article about a poet from France is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
# Fenggang, Dongguan

Fenggang (simplified Chinese: 凤岗镇; traditional Chinese: 鳳崗鎮; pinyin: Fènggǎng zhèn; lit. 'phoenix mound') is a town under the jurisdiction of the prefecture-level city of Dongguan in Guangdong province, China.

## Location

Fenggang is located southeast of Dongguan City and south of the towns of Tangxia and Qingxi. It borders Huizhou Huiyang District to the east and Shenzhen's Longgang District to the south. The total area of the town is 82.5 square kilometers.
* Yingfong Tower, built 1929
* Farmers working plots along the river in Fenggang

## Population

The population is 64,715 people as of 2010, with 300,000 floating residents. In 2020, Fenggang Town had a resident population of 64 thousand people; the majority of whom speak the Cantonese language.

## Economy

Underwear manufacturer Cosmo Lady's head office is in Fengdeling Village (凤德岭村; 鳳德嶺村; Fèngdélǐngcūn; fung6 dak1 ling5 cyun1), Fenggang.
Fenggang Town is also where one of Aliexpress's Delivery Sorting Center is located.
# Bussy-lès-Poix

Bussy-lès-Poix (French pronunciation:, literally Bussy near Poix; Picard: Buchy-lès-Poé) is a commune in the Somme department in Hauts-de-France in northern France.

## Geography

The commune is situated on the D141 road, some 15 miles (24 km) southwest of Amiens.
# Hoplolatilus

Hoplolatilus is a genus of tilefishes native to the Indian Ocean and the western Pacific Ocean. The chameleon tilefish (Hoplolatilus chlupatyi), also known as the flashing tilefish, is well known in particular in the aquarium hobby due to its unique ability to change colors in an instant with the help of specialized proteins in its skin that can reflect light in different wavelengths, allowing it to cycle between primary and secondary colors on the light spectrum.

## Species

There are currently 13 recognized species in this genus:
* Hoplolatilus chlupatyi Klausewitz, McCosker, J. E. Randall & Zetzsche, 1978 (Chameleon sand tilefish)
* Hoplolatilus cuniculus J. E. Randall & Dooley, 1974 (Dusky tilefish)
* Hoplolatilus erdmanni G. R. Allen, 2007 (Triton tilefish)
* Hoplolatilus fourmanoiri J. L. B. Smith, 1964 (Yellow-spotted tilefish)
* Hoplolatilus fronticinctus (Günther, 1887) (Pastel tilefish)
* Hoplolatilus geo H. Fricke & Kacher, 1982
* Hoplolatilus luteus G. R. Allen & Kuiter, 1989 (Yellow tilefish)
* Hoplolatilus marcosi W. E. Burgess, 1978 (Redback sand tilefish)
* Hoplolatilus oreni (E. Clark & Ben-Tuvia, 1973)
* Hoplolatilus pohle Earle & Pyle, 1997 (Pohle's tilefish)
* Hoplolatilus purpureus W. E. Burgess, 1978 (Purple sand tilefish)
* Hoplolatilus randalli G. R. Allen, Erdmann & A. M. Hamilton, 2010 (Randall's tilefish)
* Hoplolatilus starcki J. E. Randall & Dooley, 1974 (Stark's tilefish)
# Kayleigh Hines

Kayleigh Hines (born 27 February 1991) is an English footballer who plays as a midfielder for Peterborough United. She previously played for Reading.

## Early life

Hines began playing football at age 8 and eventually joined a local boys' team where she played until the age of 12. She then joined the Reading F.C.'s Centre of Excellence. As a teenager, Hines played for Arsenal Academy and St Albans. At the age of 18, she travelled to New Jersey in the United States where she played for Women's Premier Soccer League (WPSL) side Millburn Magic. Named to the WPSL's All-East First Team in 2010, Hines also coached the Millburn Magic Under-9 summer select team.

## Playing career
### Oxford United, 2014–2015

Hines signed with Oxford United in the FAWSL 2 for the league's inaugural season. In June 2014, she scored a goal from 40 yards out against Durham helping Reading win 2–1. Oxford finished the regular season in ninth place with a 3–12–3 record. Hines made 22 appearances for the club and scored two goals during the 2014 season.
Returning for the 2015 season, Hines scored a brace against Reading leading Oxford United to a draw in April. She finished the season with seven goals in 17 appearances. Oxford United finished sixth in the season.

### Reading FC, 2016–

In December 2015, it was announced that Hines had signed a professional contract with Reading F.C. in FA WSL 1. Of her signing, Reading manager Kelly Chambers said, 'I have known of Kayleigh's ability for a long time. It's great to get her signature on the dotted line, she will bring a different dimension to our team that maybe we have been lacking previously."
# Ali Sindi

Dr. Ali Sindi (Kurdish: د. علی سندی; is an Iraqi Kurdish politician and Minister for Planning for the Kurdistan Regional Government. He graduated from University of Mosul (BA), Salahaddin University-Erbil (MA), and Harvard Kennedy School (MPA).
# Timo Brauer

Timo Brauer (born 30 May 1990) is a German professional footballer who plays as a midfielder for SpVg Schonnebeck.
# Enrico D'Ovidio

Enrico D'Ovidio (1842–1933) was an Italian mathematician who is known by his works on geometry.

## Life and work

D'Ovidio, son of liberal parents involved in the Italian independence movement, studied at the University of Naples under his uncle, Achille Sannia, who prepared him to enter in the School of Bridges and Roads. In 1869, he published with Sannia a very successful textbook to teach geometry in the schools.
Encouraged by Eugenio Beltrami, he obtained the chair on Algebra and Analytic Geometry at the University of Turin in 1872, and he remained there for the remaining 46 years of his life. He was also rector of the university from 1880 to 1885.
The research of D'Ovidio was mainly in geometry and the most important works were produced when he was in Turin. Specially interesting is his work Le funzioni metriche fondamentali negli spazi di quante si vogliono dimensioni e di curvatura costante (The fundamental metrical functions in the n-dimensional spaces of constant curvature), published in 1876 and where he stated for first time the law of sines in n-dimensional curved spaces.
# Bam, Amur Oblast

Bam (Russian: Бам) is a rural locality (a station) in Solnechny Selsoviet of Skovorodinsky District, Amur Oblast, Russia. The population was 876 as of 2018.

## Geography

Bam is located 36 km northwest of Skovorodino (the district's administrative centre) by road. Solnechny is the nearest rural locality.
# Bléruais

Bléruais (French pronunciation:; Breton: Blerwaz; Gallo: Bleruaz) is a commune in the Ille-et-Vilaine department in Brittany in northwestern France.

## Geography

The River Meu forms most of the commune's northern boundary.

## Population

The inhabitants of Bléruais are known as Bléruaisiens in French.
# Altukhovo, Gololobovskoye Rural Settlement, Zaraysky District, Moscow Oblast

Altukhovo (Russian: Алтухово) is a rural locality (a village) in Zaraysky District of Moscow Oblast, Russia. It is located 9.5 kilometers (5.9 mi) north from Zaraysk near the Lukhovitsy-Zaraysk road.
# Peter Pinkney

Peter Pinkney (born 1956) is a British trade unionist, who served as President of the National Union of Rail, Maritime and Transport Workers (RMT) from December 2012 until 2015.
Born in Saltburn, Pinkney completed an apprenticeship as a welder and joined the Amalgamated Society of Boilermakers. He found employment at a steelworks in Middlesbrough, and became a junior shop steward. However, when the works closed in 1978, he was unable to find a new job in the industry and instead joined the Royal Navy, serving as a submariner.
Following a five-year stint in the Navy, Pinkney studied at a polytechnic, and joined the Communist Party of Great Britain. He found work as a railway signalman, working in the world's oldest signal box, in Stockton-on-Tees. He also joined the National Union of Railwaymen, which later became part of the RMT. Pinkney became first a union representative, then branch secretary and regional secretary.
Pinkney's union involvement further increased following the election of Bob Crow as general secretary, and culminated with Pinkney's election as president in 2012; the highest lay official of the union. As President, Pinkney pledged that the RMT "will fight for the abolition of capitalism and replace it with a socialist system". During Pinkney's time as president, Crow died unexpectedly, and Pinkney took his place on the General Council of the Trades Union Congress.
In February 2015, Pinkney confirmed that he would be standing as a Green Party candidate in Redcar in the 2015 general election. In the election he came fifth of six candidates with 2.2% of the vote.
In February 2016, Pinkney signed a letter in The Guardian alongside Sean Hoyle, Paul McDonnell and John Reid from the National Union of Rail, Maritime and Transport Workers (RMT), in which they voiced their opposition to the Electoral Commission choosing Leave.EU, Vote Leave or Grassroots Out as the official group advocating for the UK's withdrawal from the European Union in the 2016 referendum on the subject. The letter said that:
   We call on the commission not to give taxpayers' money to the Tory and Ukip-dominated Vote Leave, Leave.EU or Grassroots Out campaigns, or any amalgam of them ... We believe there are millions of trade unionists, young people, anti-austerity campaigners and working-class voters, whose opposition to the big business-dominated EU would not be represented by these organisations. ... We call on the Electoral Commission to recognise that a significant proportion of those who will vote against the EU do so because they support basic socialist policies of workers' rights, public ownership, and opposition to austerity and racism.
# Keruh, Cizre

Keruh (Kurdish: Karox) is a village in the Cizre District of Şırnak Province in Turkey. The village is populated by Kurds of the Zewkan tribe and had a population of 263 in 2021.
# Nokhowd Darreh

Nokhowd Darreh (Persian: نخوددره) is a village in Karaftu Rural District, in the Central District of Takab County, West Azerbaijan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 103, in 19 families.
# Pain Rostam

Pain Rostam (Persian: پايين رستم, also romanized as Pā’īn Rostam) is a village in Balatajan Rural District, in the Central District of Qaem Shahr County, Mazandaran Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 102, in 26 families.
# Olaf the White

Olaf the White (Old Norse: Óláfr hinn Hvíti) was a viking sea-king who lived in the latter half of the 9th century.

## Life

Olaf was born around 820, in Ireland. His father was the Hiberno-Norse warlord Ingjald Helgasson. Some traditional sources portray Olaf as a descendant of Ragnar Lodbrok – for instance, the Eyrbyggja Saga, claims that Olaf's paternal grandmother (Thora) was a daughter of Ragnar's son Sigurd Snake-in-the-Eye. However, this connection seems unlikely, given that Sigurd appears to have lived in the mid-9th Century and Ragnar himself may have lived until the 860s. Irish fragments provide a different genealogy, suggesting that Olaf's father was Godfred, son of Ragnall, son of Godfred, son of Godfred.
He was named King of Dublin around 853. According to Irish sources, Olaf ruled jointly with his kinsman Ímar. Olaf married Aud the Deep-minded (Auðr), daughter of Ketil Flatnose, the ruler of the Hebrides, according to Icelandic traditions (Landnámabók, Laxdæla saga). The Irish sources name Olaf's wife only as the daughter of a "King Aedh".
Olaf and Auðr had a son, Thorstein the Red (Þorsteinn rauðr), who attempted to conquer Scotland in the 870s. At some point Olaf had a falling-out with the clan of Ketil and sent Auðr and their son back to her father's house. According to Landnámabók, Olaf and Þorsteinn Rauðr were both killed in the British Isles.
Thorstein the Red was married to Þuriðr Eyvindardóttir Austmann, and they had several children: Gróa, Álof, Þorgerðr, Þórhildr, Vigdís, Ósk, Ólafr feilan, ancestor of Ari Fróði, author of Landnámabók. The family was related to the Vinland explorers and the Sturlung family.

## Identification and historical conjecture

Olaf may be identical with the Viking warlord Amlaíb Conung, who according to Irish sources was killed in 871/2 by Causantín mac Cináeda, king of Alba. However, both Gwyn Jones and Peter Hunter Blair dispute this identification.
Old Norse sources mention two Olafs belonging to the ninth-century house of Vestfold. The first of these, Olaf the White, because of his connections with Dublin and with Ketil Flatnose, must be identified with Olaf king of Dublin, as described in early Irish and Scottish chronicles. We are also told in the Heimskringla of Olaf Guthfrithsson of Vestfold who on good archaeological evidence can be identified with the king buried in the Gokstad ship. It is possible that there was only one such king, Olaf Guthfrisson of Vestfold, who in his earlier days ruled from Dublin and raided in Scotland and who later in 871 returned to claim his Vestfold kingdom. The Irish Three Fragments of Annals, while not actually proving such a theory, do support the case for regarding Olaf Guthfrithsson of Vestfold as being the same as Olaf the White of Dublin and the Scottish Isles. The Fragments claim that Olaf of Dublin ended his reign there when c. 871 he returned to Norway to support his father Guthfrith in a struggle for a kingdom. This passage, then, would identify Olaf of Dublin, alias Olaf the White of Landnamabok with Olaf Guthfrithsson of Norway.

## Ancestry

Ancestors of Olaf the White :
# Pervye Korosteli

Pervye Korosteli (Russian: Первые Коростели) is a rural locality (a selo) in Kruglyansky Selsoviet, Uglovsky District, Altai Krai, Russia. The population was 86 as of 2013. It was founded in 1857. There are three streets.

## Geography

Pervye Korosteli is located 35 km southeast of Uglovskoye (the district's administrative centre) by road. Gorkov is the nearest rural locality.
# Kolsh, Kukës

Kolsh is a village and a former municipality in Kukës County, Albania. At the 2015 local government reform it became a subdivision of the municipality Kukës. The population at the 2023 census was 1,058.
The municipal unit consists of the following villages:
* Kolsh
* Mamëz
* Myç-Mamëz

## Info

The municipal unit borders Fierza Reservoir to the East and to the North, Malzi to the west and Surroj to the south. Common family names in the Kolsh area include: Kurpalaj, Lleshi, Gjocera, Toda, Visha, Çika, Doci, Paci. This zone is rich in water sources, mountains, fields and resources of mineral materials, such as chrome, iron or nickel. Agriculture is one of the most important occupations. The other advantages come from emigrants in the EU.
# Hrastnik

Hrastnik (pronounced , German: Hrastnigg) is a town in the Central Sava Valley in central Slovenia. It is the seat of the Municipality of Hrastnik. The area is part of the traditional region of Styria. The entire municipality is now included in the Central Sava Statistical Region.

## History

In the past, the majority of locals were employed in the glass, coal, or chemical industry. Today the glass and chemicals factories still operate, but many people also go to work in neighbouring towns such as Trbovlje or Zagorje ob Savi. Coal started being mined in Hrastnik in 1822. Production was limited until 1849, when the town was connected to the Austrian Southern Railway. Hrastnik is also known for glass manufacturing. The first school was opened in Hrastnik in 1860. It was originally operated for miners' children at the miners' restaurant but became a public school in 1872. A separate school building was built in 1879. A German-language school was established in 1907 and operated until the end of the First World War.

### Mass grave

Hrastnik is the site of a mass grave associated with the Second World War. The Senica Ravine Mass Grave (Slovene: Grobišče Senicatov graben) is located below an orchard by the house at Pot na Kal no. 2. It contains an undetermined number of victims.

## Church

The parish church in the settlement is dedicated to Christ the King and belongs to the Roman Catholic Diocese of Celje. It was built in 1936. A second church in the south of the settlement, belonging to the same parish, is dedicated to Our Lady of Mount Carmel. It dates to the 16th century with major 17th-century adaptations.

## Twin Towns

* Montigny-en-Gohelle
# New Forwarding Company

JSC New Forwarding Company or NFC (Russian: Новая перевозочная компания), is one of the largest independent railway carriers in Russia. It was established in 2003. NFC transports products of oil and mining industries, iron-and-steel works, coal, construction materials, and other goods. CEO of the company is Valeriy Shpakov.

## Activity

NFC has its own fleet of 21,000 freight wagons (including tanks, open wagons, flat-cars), locomotives, all day round control center, and wagon repair service. NFC transportation geography includes the entire territory of Russia, Lithuania, Latvia, Estonia, Ukraine, Belarus and China.
NFC has 10 operational branch offices in Russian Federation.