OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Buddy Fields (songwriter)

Buddy Fields was an important songwriter during the early twentieth century. He was born on September 24, 1889, in Vienna, Austria-Hungary (which is now in Austria). He died on October 4, 1965 in Detroit, Michigan, in the United States of America. His name at birth was Arthur B. Fields. His most famous song "You Gotta Be a Football Hero" was cowritten with Al Sherman and Al Lewis. Fields was both an author and agent having been educated in Chicago public schools.

## World War I

During World War I, he served in the 133rd Machine Gun Battalion, 36th Division.

## Music career

He appeared in vaudeville and cafes, then became a theatrical agent. Joining ASCAP in 1925, he collaborated musically with the likes of Al Sherman, Al Lewis, Gerald Marks and Art Berman.

## Partial list of songwriting credits

* "You Gotta Be a Football Hero"
* "Falling"
* "You're the One, You Beautiful Son-of-a-Gun"
* "The Night Shall Be Filled With Music"
* "With You on My Mind I Can't Write the Words"
* "By the Sign of the Rose"
* "Chinnin' and Chattin' With May"
* "The Pump Song"
* "Remember"
* "Indoor Outdoor Girl"
* "By a Camp Fire"
* "If It Wasn't for You"
* "How Can I Be Anything but Blue"
* "I'll Get Along Somehow".
# Domnești Princely Church

The Domnești Princely Church (Romanian: Biserica Domnească din Domnești) is a Romanian Orthodox church located in Domnești-Târg village, Pufești Commune, Vrancea County, Romania. It is dedicated to the Dormition of the Mother of God.
The church was begun in 1661, during the reign of Eustratie Dabija, Prince of Moldavia, and completed in 1667 by George Ducas. Sanctified in 1701, it suffered damage during an earthquake in 1741. It was repaired subsequently, and again in 1771–1775.
The church is listed as a historic monument by Romania's Ministry of Culture and Religious Affairs.
# Banqalan

Banqalan (Persian: بانقلان, also Romanized as Bānqalān; also known as Bāneh Kalān and Bāngalān) is a village in Deh Pain Rural District, in the Central District of Ilam County, Ilam Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 2,586, in 510 families. The village is populated by Kurds.
# Yarabaykul

Yarabaykul (Russian: Ярабайкуль; Bashkir: Ярабайкүл, Yarabaykül) is a rural locality (a village) in Aksyonovsky Selsoviet, Alsheyevsky District, Bashkortostan, Russia. The population was 15 as of 2010. There is 1 street.

## Geography

Yarabaykul is located 36 km southwest of Rayevsky (the district's administrative centre) by road. Chubukaran is the nearest rural locality.
# Pakubuwono II

Pakubuwono II (also transliterated Pakubuwana II) (1711–1749) was the ruler of Mataram.
His correct title in Javanese etiquette standards contains honorific appellations, some of which each successive ruler inherits. The move of his court from Kartasura to Surakarta was to avert the calamities that occurred at the former palace.
# Selwyn, New Zealand

Selwyn is a village in the Selwyn District of Canterbury, New Zealand. It was laid out in the 1860s for a population of 2,000 people, but it currently has very few houses.

## Naming

Captain Joseph Thomas, the chief surveyor of the Canterbury Association, named the Selwyn River after Bishop Selwyn, New Zealand's first Anglican Bishop. This township, the district and an electorate later used the same name.

## Geography and transport

Selwyn is located just south of the Selwyn River / Waikirikiri and is prone to occasional flooding. It was established around the rail corridor of the Main South Line that was planned in the 1860s. The railway first reached the township in 1867. Most of the time, the river can be forded, and the road bridge was not built until 1927. Its successor bridge now carries State Highway 1 traffic, which crosses the railway line in Selwyn; initially, two right angle bends were provided, later to be replaced by a sweeping S-bend.
Selwyn is 37 kilometres (23 mi) south-west of Christchurch, and 4 kilometres (2.5 mi) north-east of Dunsandel.

## History

Albert Beetham was an engineer and surveyor from Christchurch. Aware of the plans for the Main South railway, Beetham bought a piece of land on either side of the gazetted corridor approximately 1 square kilometre (0.39 sq mi) in size. He subdivided it into 470 sections for a target population of 2,000 and provided two town squares, Victoria Square and Market Square.
The railway reached Rolleston in October 1866, the north bank of the Selwyn River on 7 October 1867, and Selwyn Station via a bridge over the Selwyn River on 16 December 1867. This original bridge, though, was destroyed in a flood on 4 February 1868. Brickwork piers used for the original bridge were replaced by piles in the reconstruction. Due to financial problems of the Canterbury Provincial Council, Selwyn remained the terminus of the line for some years.
For a time, the demand for sections in Selwyn was brisk, and even speculators started buying some of them. At one point, Selwyn had a blacksmith, bootmaker, butcher, saddler, and a wheelwright, and amenities included a boarding house, billiard saloon, a hotel with stables, and some shops. The railway yards were a depot for construction works undertaken by the Provincial Council.
Selwyn's importance waned when the railway reached the south bank of the Rakaia River, where the township of Rakaia formed. The Rakaia River Bridge was formally opened by the provincial Superintendent, William Rolleston, on 29 May 1873.
A far greater problem was ongoing flooding, though. Many residents left Selwyn for the neighbouring township of Dunsandel. Even the hotel itself was, in about 1900, shifted to Dunsandel. Today, Selwyn has fewer than ten houses, with many derelict cottages still visible. Selwyn celebrated its 150th birthday in September 2012.
# Barfiyan, Hamadan

Barfiyan (Persian: برفيان, also Romanized as Barfīyān and Barfīān; also known as Bartiān) is a village in Qolqol Rud Rural District, Qolqol Rud District, Tuyserkan County, Hamadan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 177, in 45 families.
# Gulyovka

Gulyovka (Russian: Гулёвка) is a rural locality (a selo) in Klintsovsky District, Bryansk Oblast, Russia. The population was 661 as of 2017. There are 13 streets.

## Geography

Gulyovka is located 20 km south of Klintsy (the district's administrative centre) by road. Kurganye is the nearest rural locality.
# Ali ibn Umar Din

ʿAli ibn ʿUmar Dīn (Arabic: علي بن عمر الدين), (reigned 1553–1555), was a Sultan of the Adal Sultanate in the Horn of Africa. He was the son of Umar Din and the brother of Barakat ibn Umar Din.
# Battle of Schmilau

The Battle of Schmilau (German: Schlacht bei Schmilau) was a battle between a coalition of Christian forces and pagan Slavic Obotrites in 1093.
Henry, a Christian Obotrite prince raised in Denmark after the murder of his father Gottschalk, avenged his father's death by killing the pagan Obotrite chief Kruto in 1093. The pagan Slavs rose up in rebellion against Henry's attempt to seize power.
Henry was supported by Duke Magnus of Saxony and a Danish contingent, while the pagans were led by Rochel, a Wagrian prince and pirate from the vicinity of Oldenburg. Henry was victorious in the battle at Schmilau, near Ratzeburg in eastern Holstein. The victory allowed Henry to consolidate the Obotrite realm and establish Liubice as his capital.
# Mahvelat-e Jonubi Rural District

Mahvelat-e Jonubi Rural District (Persian: دهستان مه ولات جنوبي) is in the Central District of Mahvelat County, Razavi Khorasan province, Iran. Its capital is the village of Mehneh.

## Demographics
### Population

At the time of the 2006 National Census, the rural district's population was 7,794 in 2,041 households. There were 7,890 inhabitants in 2,279 households at the following census of 2011. The 2016 census measured the population of the rural district as 8,192 in 2,518 households. The most populous of its 68 villages was Mehneh, with 3,560 people.
# Urnyak, Republic of Bashkortostan

Urnyak (Russian: Урняк; Bashkir: Үрнәк, Ürnäk) is a rural locality (a selo) in Kazansky Selsoviet, Alsheyevsky District, Bashkortostan, Russia. The population was 149 as of 2010. There are 3 streets.

## Geography

Urnyak is located 20 km northwest of Rayevsky (the district's administrative centre) by road. Bayazitovo is the nearest rural locality.
# László Szobothin

László Szobothin de Muray-Szombath Slovene: Ladislav Sobotin (lived in the 18th century) was Slovene petty nobleman in Hungary. Lived in Murska Sobota. In 1750, wrote his only work in Latin language: Divus Ivo oratione panegyrica celebratus, dum in academica soc. Jesu D. Joannis Baptista basilica incl. facultas juridica coram senatu populoque academico annuos honores eidem divo tutelari suo solenni ritu instauraret... a. salutis 1750. m. Junio, die 7. Tyrnaviae. 1750. The book published in Trnava.
# Lignol, Morbihan

Lignol (French pronunciation:; Breton: An Ignol) is a commune in the Morbihan department of Brittany in north-western France.

## Population

Lignol's population peaked in 1911. Lignol's population has been decreased by half since this date because of rural exodus. Inhabitants of Lignol are called in French Lignolais.
| Year | Pop. | ±% p.a. |
| 1793 | 1,911 | — |
| 1800 | 1,914 | +0.02% |
| 1821 | 1,715 | −0.52% |
| 1831 | 1,780 | +0.37% |
| 1836 | 1,734 | −0.52% |
| 1841 | 1,722 | −0.14% |
| 1846 | 2,029 | +3.34% |
| 1851 | 1,925 | −1.05% |
| 1856 | 1,779 | −1.57% |
| 1861 | 1,844 | +0.72% |
| 1866 | 1,876 | +0.34% |
| 1872 | 1,661 | −2.01% |
| 1876 | 1,778 | +1.72% |
| 1881 | 1,928 | +1.63% |
| 1886 | 1,880 | −0.50% |
| 1891 | 1,809 | −0.77% |
| 1896 | 1,802 | −0.08% |
| 1901 | 1,785 | −0.19% |
| Year | Pop. | ±% p.a. |
| 1906 | 1,896 | +1.21% |
| 1911 | 2,029 | +1.37% |
| 1921 | 2,008 | −0.10% |
| 1926 | 1,985 | −0.23% |
| 1931 | 1,931 | −0.55% |
| 1936 | 1,832 | −1.05% |
| 1946 | 1,887 | +0.30% |
| 1954 | 1,593 | −2.09% |
| 1962 | 1,512 | −0.65% |
| 1968 | 1,370 | −1.63% |
| 1975 | 1,203 | −1.84% |
| 1982 | 1,042 | −2.03% |
| 1990 | 906 | −1.73% |
| 1999 | 859 | −0.59% |
| 2009 | 909 | +0.57% |
| 2014 | 900 | −0.20% |
| 2020 | 844 | −1.06% |
Graphs are unavailable due to technical issues. There is more info on Phabricator and on MediaWiki.org. :
Source: EHESS and INSEE (1968-2020) :

## Geography

Lignol lies in the valley of the river Scorff. The village centre is located 16 km (9.9 mi) east of Le Faouët, 22 km (14 mi) west of Pontivy and 33 km (21 mi) north of Lorient. Historically, it belongs to Vannetais.

## History

There is a church in this town that was built during the 14th century. Lignol also has two castles, they were the homes of the dukes that used to rule the place and were under the domination of the House of Rohan. Lignol was the main place of the French resistance against the German occupation in the Guémené-sur-Scorff area. Since the Nazis occupied Guémené-sur-Scorff, the Resistance used the nearby towns as bases. Langoëlan and Lignol were their main ones in the region.

## Economy

Agriculture is the main source of resources of the town.

## Politics

During the presidential 2007 elections, inhabitants voted for Nicolas Sarkozy. Its current mayor is a former farmworker.

## Sport

Lignol has a soccer club in association with the neighbouring town of Kernaskleden.

## Gallery

* Coscro castle
* Manor of Kerouallan
* The ancient presbitery
* Chapel of Saint Melan
* Chapel of Saint Yves
* Christianized Iron Age stele
# Tawfiq Al-Nimri

Tawfiq Nimri (Arabic: توفيق نمري; June 10, 1918 – October 23, 2011) was a Jordanian singer and composer.
He was the first Jordanian to collect, write, sing, and compose Jordanian folkloric music. He presented and appeared in more than 750 works, many of which were covered by other Arab singers such as Wadih El Safi, Nasri Shamseddine and Omar Al-Abdallat. Tawfiq's last performance was with the Lebanese singer Wadih El Safi.

## Early life and education

Nimri was born in the town of Al Husn, Jordan, in 1918, he spent his childhood with his grandfather Rizqalla Al-Nimri after the death of his father. Tawfiq's childhood name was Fad'ous (Arabic: فـدعوس); the name was given by one of sheikhs whose name was the same, he was later renamed Tawfiq by the principal of his school. He is best known for Folkloric songs. He studied at the Catholic School for two years, during which was the supervisor of the chorale of the church. He learned the Greek language to perform hymns in Greek Byzantine style.

## Career

{{Expand section|date=December 2012|reason=This se the British Army during World War II, and was assigned to Haifa-Baghdad Road as a payroll officer. As entertainment, Nimri often played his oud and sang with the British soldiers – he even learned to play and sing the German love song Lili Marlene.
Nimri left after seven years in service and relocated in 1949 to Ramallah where he worked at a local radio station and composed many songs, one of which was performed during the visit of Abdullah I of Jordan. Ten years later, he moved to Amman where he joined Jordan Radio and performed/composed many songs.
# List of named passenger trains of Africa

This article contains a list of named passenger trains of Africa, listed by country.

## South Africa

| Train name | Railroad | Train endpoints | Operated |
| Blue Train | Blue Train | Pretoria-Cape Town | 1937–present |
| Trans Karoo Express | Transnet Freight Rail | Pretoria–Cape Town | ?–1997 |
| Train-de-Luxe | | Johannesburg–Victoria Falls | |

## Kenya

| Train name | Railroad | Train endpoints | Operated |
| Lunatic Express | Rift Valley Railways | Mombasa–Nairobi|–Kisumu | 1904–present |
| Mombasa–Nairobi Standard Gauge Railway | Kenya Railways | Mombasa-Nairobi | 2017–present |

## Zambia

| Train name | Railroad | Train endpoints | Operated |
| Zambezi Express | Zambia Railways | Livingstone–Lusaka | |
* This Africa rail-related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
# Alshikhovo

55°23′N 47°12′E﻿ / ﻿55.383°N 47.200°E﻿ / 55.383; 47.200
Alshikhovo (Russian: Алшихово; Chuvash: Алшик, Alşik) is a rural locality (a settlement) in Ibresinsky District of the Chuvash Republic, Russia, located 113 kilometers (70 mi) from Cheboksary and 18 kilometers (11 mi) from Ibresi, the administrative center of the district.
The settlement is situated on the Shurlakhvar [ru] river and is surrounded by forests.
The settlement's history goes back to 1928, when the first house was built here. The first official mention of the village is dated August 29, 1931, and the settlement status was granted to it in 1940.
The population was 40 inhabitants in 1989 and 30 inhabitants in 2006.

## Etymology

According to the local legend, the village was named after Alshikh, the person who founded the village. It is also possible that the village was named after a village of the same name in Tatarstan.
# Mikhail Osorgin

Mikhail Andreyevich Osorgin (Russian: Михаи́л Андре́евич Осорги́н; real last name Ilyin (Ильи́н); 19 October 1878 – 27 November 1942) was a writer, journalist, and essayist born in the Russian Empire.

## Biography

Osorgin was born in Perm, Russian Empire and became a lawyer after attending school in Moscow. He participated in the Revolution of 1905, was arrested and imprisoned, and eventually forced into exile in Italy. In Italy he became a foreign correspondent for The Russian News, and a contributor to various papers abroad. He returned to Russia in 1916 and lived there until 1921 when he was again imprisoned for non-conformity and exiled to Kazan. He was deported to Germany in 1922 on one of the "Philosophers' ships". He lived in Berlin and Italy before settling in Paris. In Paris he contributed journalism, fiction, and book reviews to emigre papers.
Among Osorgin's best known works are his novels Сивцев Вражек (1928; Sivtsev Vrazhek is a small lane in Moscow) translated as Quiet Street and Повесть о сестре (1931; Literally "A Tale about My Sister") translated as My Sister's Story. During the 1930s he spent much of his time in the village of Sainte-Geneviève-des-Bois, Essonne, where he owned a cottage. Here he protested urban civilization, promoting a lifestyle that was closer to nature. He stayed in France during the German occupation and died in 1942 in the village of Chabris, where he and his wife had gone as refugees.

## English translations

* Quiet Street, Longmans, Green and Co, 1930.
* My Sister's Story, The Dial Press, NY, 1931.
* The Choosing of a Bride, from A Russian Cultural Revival, University of Tennessee Press, 1981. ISBN 0-87049-296-9
* Selected Stories, Reminiscences, and Essays, Ardis Publishers, 1982. ISBN 0-88233-445-X
# Madreya

The Madreya (Sanskrit: माद्रेय, romanized: Mādreya) are the sons of Madri featured in the Mahabharata. They are the youngest among the five Pandavas. The Madreya are born to Madri when she chants a mantra to invoke the Ashvin twins, though they are legally regarded to be the sons of Pandu.
The Madreya are:
* Nakula - Nakula is the son of Madri and the Ashvin named Nasatya.
* Sahadeva - Sahadeva is the son of Madri and the Ashvin named Dasra.
# Anton Eleutherius Sauter

Anton Eleutherius Sauter (18 April 1800 in Grossarl – 1881 in Salzburg) was an Austrian physician and botanist.
From 1820 to 1826 he studied medicine at the University of Vienna, where one of his instructors was Joseph Franz von Jacquin. After graduation, he worked as a physician at several locations in Austria. In 1840 he settled as a physician in Steyr, then from 1848 to 1871, served as a regional and district doctor in Salzburg.
He is largely known for his investigations of flora native to Land Salzburg. From 1866 to 1879 he published in seven volumes, "Flora des Herzogthums Salzburg" (Flora of the Duchy of Salzburg}. In 1860 he was co-founder of the Gesellschaft für Salzburger Landeskunde (board member, 1864–74). Numerous taxa with the specific epithet of sauteri are named after him, an example being Draba sauteri. Sauter edited two exsiccata-like series, namely Flora Tirolensis exsiccata alpina atque subalpina and Decaden getrockneter Alpenpflanzen.

## Works

* Versuch einer Geographisch-Botanischen Schilderung der Umgebung Wiens (1826), gedruckt bei Anton v. Haykul.
* Flora des Herzogthums Salzburg (1866–1879) Mitteilungen der Gesellschaft für Salzburger Landeskunde, Nr. 6 und folgende, veröffentlicht in 7 Teilen.
* Die Kryptogramische Flora der Nordseite unserer Alpen - verfasst in drei Teilen (Laubmoose, Lebermoose, Flechten) veröffentlicht im Botanischen Zentralblatt (1846).
# Volodymyr Stelmakh

Volodymyr Semenovych Stelmakh (Ukrainian: Володи́мир Семе́нович Сте́льмах; born 18 January 1939) is a Ukrainian banker, economist, and politician who served as Governor of the National Bank of Ukraine from on two occasions, from 2000 to 2002 and from 2004 to 2010.
In February 2010 he was awarded the Order of Yaroslav the Wise (second degree).

## Governor of the National Bank of Ukraine

From January 2000 to January 2003, Stelmakh served his first turn as Governor of the National Bank of Ukraine (NBU). According to Stelmakh, one of the main initiators of his resignation was Prime Minister Anatoliy Kinakh, who wanted to cover the lack of revenue in the 2002 state budget by printing more money. As head of the NBU, he stated he was categorically against such a step, as it would lead to a rise in inflation.
On 16 December 2004, Stelmakh was reppointed the Governor of the NBU.
During the 2007 Ukrainian parliamentary election, Stelmakh was placed number 28 on the electoral list of Our Ukraine–People's Self-Defense Bloc. However, Stelmakh refused the deputy mandate in favor of his post at the NBU.
# Tukmakbash

Tukmakbash (Russian: Тукмакбаш; Bashkir: Туҡмаҡбаш, Tuqmaqbaş) is a rural locality (a village) in Gayniyamaksky Selsoviet, Alsheyevsky District, Bashkortostan, Russia. The population was 55 as of 2010. There is 1 street.

## Geography

Tukmakbash is located 57 km southwest of Rayevsky (the district's administrative centre) by road. Ikhtisad is the nearest rural locality.
# Huda al-Naimi

Huda al-Naimi (Arabic: هدى النعيمي) is a medical physicist and writer from Qatar.

## Biography

Al-Naimi grew up a small town near Doha and studied Physics at the University of Qatar. She moved to Cairo in 1990 in order to study for a Masters in Nuclear Physics at Ain Shams University. She continued her education and was awarded a doctorate from the University of Cairo in Medical Physics.

### Career

In 2000, al-Naimi moved back to Qatar and took up a post as Director of Safety for the Hamad Medical Corporation (HMC). As part of her role at HMC, al-Naimi leads on their MENA-regional training on radiation safety. She has represented Qatar at a number of international meetings and conferences concerning radiation safety, including those led by the International Atomic Energy Agency and the United Nations Environment Programme. In 2013 she was President of the Qatar Medical Physics Society.

### Arts and literature

In addition to al-Naimi's studies, during her time studying in Cairo, she began to write creatively and published three books of short stories whilst living there. One of her stories, Layla & Me, is a Qatari telling of the Red Riding Hood story - in it the protagonist is as dark as the wolf. Her collection Abatil is seen as a key text in modern Qatari writing.
After moving back to Qatar, al-Naimi has been active in the cultural sector as a member for the National Council for Culture in Qatar and part of the organisational team for Doha: Arabic Capital of Culture 2010. She is active in literary circles and in 2011 was guest of honour at the Sudanese Book Fair in Khartoum. In 2012, she was one of the judges for the International Prize for Arabic Fiction, alongside translator Gonzalo Fernández Parilla, originally from Spain, and from Lebanon the critic Maudie Bitar. During this year of the prize, al-Naimi praised the number of women on the judging panel, but was concerned that less than 15% of the entrants were women.

## Awards

* 2015/16 - Recognition & Encouragement Award: Medical & Nursing was jointly awarded to Dr Huda al-Naimi and Dr Asma Ali Jassim al-Thani.
# Osmussaar Lighthouse

Osmussaar Lighthouse (Estonian: Osmussaare tuletorn) is a lighthouse on the northwestern peak of Osmussaar.
The lighthouse was built in 1954, is made of reinforced concrete and is 35 meters tall.

## History

The first stone beacon on Osmussaar was built in 1765. In 1804 it was elevated and equipped with a lantern room containing a catoptric lighting device with 24 lamps and reflectors. In 1814 the lighthouse collapsed and was replaced by a temporary wooden tower. In 1850 a new stone lighthouse was built and equipped with a dioptric Fresnel lighting device in 1875. In 1902 the lighthouse became powered by electricity. The lighthouse was blown up by the Soviet soldiers before evacuation in 1941.
The current lighthouse was built in 1954 to replace the temporary wooden structure which was erected after the war.
# Bryan Mollen

Bryan Mollen (born 25 September 1995) is an Irish rugby sevens player.
Mollen competed in the men's tournament at the 2020 Summer Olympics. He was part of Ireland's sevens squad at the 2022 Rugby World Cup Sevens in Cape Town.
Mollen was initially named as a traveling reserve for the 2024 Summer Olympics but competed on the final day of the men’s tournament, he and Sean Cribbin were called into the squad to replace injured duo Jordan Conroy and Andrew Smith.