OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Saleh al-Rashed

Saleh al-Rashed (Arabic: صالح الراشد) (born 1964) was the Minister of Education of Syria between 2011 and 2012.

## Early life, education and career

Al-Rashed was born in the Aleppo Governorate in 1964. He earned a bachelor's degree in political science, economics and management, and a postgraduate diploma in international relations from the University of Aleppo.
* During his time at the University of Aleppo:
** 1995-2005: lecturer in multiple colleges and institutes: Faculty of History, Education, Civil Engineering and the Institute of Mechanical and medium business, engineering and secretarial
** 2000: President of the Office of Information and Central Direction
** 2001-2003: President of the Office of External Relations
** 2003-2005: President of the Office of the setup and qualification frameworks
** 2005-2007: Head of Educational activities
* 2007: Director of Education in Aleppo Governorate
* 2011-2012: Chairman of the National Committee for Education, Culture and Science in Syria UNESCO.
* 2015-2019: Faculty Member in the University of Modern sciences –Dubai.
* 2016-2019: Assistant Professor in the Canadian University – Dubai.
* 2017-2019: Dean of College of Arts & Sciences in the University of Modern Sciences.
* 2019-now: Head of International Relations Department at the Faculty of International Relations and Diplomacy at Al-Sham Private University.
# Nazgun-e Olya

Nazgun-e Olya (Persian: نازگون عليا, also Romanized as Nāzgūn-e ‘Olyā; also known as Nāz Gūn) is a village in Kuh Mareh Khami Rural District, in the Central District of Basht County, Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 48, in 11 families.
# Brankovina

Brankovina (Serbian: Бранковина) is a village in the municipality of Valjevo, Kolubara District in the north of Valjevo about 12 km. According to the census of 2002, there were 573 people (according to the census of 1991, there were 529 inhabitants).
Entire Brankovina area is declared Historic Landmark of Great Importance in 1979. and it is protected by Republic of Serbia.
There are several important cultural monuments:
* Church of the Holy Archangels, which was completed in 1830, the endowment of Archpriest Mateja Nenadović. It is well preserved, and the church keeps a good church treasury in the form of specific museum collection. It consists of church objects, church books and historical documents from the 18th and 19th century.
* Ljuba Nenadović Vajat, built in 1826, birth-house of Ljuba Nenadović.
* Old School, built in the 1833.
In the immediate vicinity of the church is a group of grave monuments from the 19th century, about twenty of them. Here are buried many members of the family Nenadović, and other prominent families from Brankovina. In the church yard can be seen "Sobrašice", old wooden houses for family gatherings in the church during the holidays. Directly to the church yard, on the other side of the brook, is the former school yard, and in it two old school buildings, with the appropriate museum settings.
Brankovina hosted the well known Serbian poet Desanka Maksimović, who spent her childhood (she was born in the nearby Rabrovica) and completed primary school there. Throughout her life, Desanka remained emotionally attached to Brankovina, and she frequently revisited it and spent her last years there, and was finally buried under a hundred year old oak trees in the Brankovina churchyard, according to her wishes.
* Brankovina - Cultural-historical complex
* Brankovina - Cultural-historical complex
* Brankovina - Cultural-historical complex
* Brankovina - Cultural-historical complex
* Brankovina - Cultural-historical complex
* Brankovina - Cultural-historical complex
* Brankovina - Cultural-historical complex
* Grave of Desanka Maksimović
* Grave of Desanka Maksimović
* Brankovina - Cultural-historical complex
# Digital Bullet

Professional ratings :
| Aggregate scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Metacritic | 67/100 |
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
| The A.V. Club | (favorable) |
| Entertainment Weekly | B |
| NME | |
| RapReviews | |
| Rolling Stone | |
| Stylus | B− |
Digital Bullet is the second solo studio album by American hip hop artist RZA under his pseudonym Bobby Digital. The album was released on August 28, 2001. As a sequel to Bobby Digital in Stereo (1998), the album focuses on an attempt to develop Bobby Digital further, and follows a loose story arc that focused on the character becoming more enlightened and more disillusioned with hedonism as the album progresses. The limited-edition version sold at Best Buy outlets featured two bonus tracks, which were also on the Japanese version of the album released by JVC Records.

## Track listing

Track listing information is taken from the official liner notes and AllMusic.
Notes
* "Glocko Pop" features vocals by Method Man, Masta Killa and Streetlife, not the entire Wu-Tang Clan.
* "Brooklyn Babies" features uncredited singing by Force MDs.
* "Fools" features uncredited vocals by Solomon Childs.
* "Shady" features uncredited vocals by Berretta 9.

## Charts

| Chart (2001) | Peak position |
| US Billboard 200 | 24 |
| US Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums (Billboard) | 9 |
# Campeiro Bulldog

The Campeiro Bulldog (Portuguese: Buldogue campeiro, Portuguese pronunciation:) is a breed of bulldog from Brazil.

## Overview

The Campeiro Bulldog was traditionally used in Brazil as a catch dog, catching and holding cattle, often in slaughterhouses. In the 1970s the use of such dogs was banned in Brazilian slaughterhouses and the breed's numbers declined to the point of extinction, this was further exacerbated by the increased popularity of imported dog breeds. In the mid-1970s a private breeding program was commenced to save the breed and numbers have gradually recovered; the breed was recognised by the Confederação Brasileira de Cinofilia in 2001.
According to the Confederação Brasileira de Cinofilia's breed standard, Campeiro Bulldogs typically stand between 48 and 56 centimetres (19 and 22 in), with dogs standing between 50 and 56 centimetres (20 and 22 in) and bitches between 48 and 54 centimetres (19 and 21 in). The breed standard states healthy adult dogs typically weigh between 36 and 42 kilograms (79 and 93 lb) and bitches between 31 and 37 kilograms (68 and 82 lb). The breed standard states the breed has a short, smooth coat that can be any colour except merle.
The breed is known to be aggressive to other dogs.
# Ahmadabad, Khatam

Ahmadabad (Persian: احمداباد, also Romanized as Aḩmadābād) is a village in Fathabad Rural District, in the Central District of Khatam County, Yazd Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 255, in 62 families.
# House of Elders (Afghanistan)

The House of Elders or Mesherano Jirga (Pashto: د افغانستان مشرانو جرګه), was the upper house of the bicameral National Assembly of Afghanistan, alongside the lower House of the People (Wolesi Jirga). It was effectively dissolved when the Taliban seized power on 15 August 2021. The Taliban did not include the House of Elders and several other agencies of the former government in its first national budget in May 2022. Government spokesman Innamullah Samangani said that due to the financial crisis, only active agencies were included in the budget, and the excluded ones had been dissolved, but noted they could be brought back "if needed."
The House of Elders primarily had an advisory role rather than a maker of law. However, it does have some veto power.
The House of Elders has 102 members. One-third (34) were elected by district councils (one per province) for three-year terms, one-third (34) by provincial councils (one per province) for four-year terms, and one-third (34) were nominated by the president for five-year terms. However, elections for the district councils were not held in the 2005 parliamentary elections. As such, each provincial council also selected one of its elected members to temporarily hold seats in the house until district council elections were held. Half of the presidential nominees had to be women, two representatives from the disabled and impaired and two from the Kuchis.

## Speakers

Speakers of the Mesherano Jirga since establishment in 1931
| Name | Entered office | Left office |
| Mirza Abdul Latif Khan | 1931 | 1933 |
| Mohammed Ata Khan | 1934 | 1936 |
| Mir Ata Mohammad Khan | 1937 | 1939 |
| Mir Ata Mohammad Khan | 1940 | 1942 |
| Mir Ata Mohammad Khan | 1943 | 1945 |
| Fazi Ahmad Khan Mojadadi | 1946 | 1948 |
| Fazi Ahmad Khan Mojadadi | 1949 | 1951 |
| Fazi Ahmad Khan Mojadadi | 1952 | 1954 |
| Fazi Ahmad Khan Mojadadi | 1955 | 1957 |
| Hafiz Abdul Ghafar | 1958 | 1960 |
| Abdul Hadi Dawi | 1961 | 1964 |
| Abdul Hadi Dawi | 1965 | 1968 |
| Abdul Hadi Dawi | 1969 | 1972 |
| Dissolved | 1973 | 1988 |
| Mahmood Habibi | 31 May 1988 | 1992 |
| Not functioning | 1992 | 2005 |
| Sibghatullah Mojaddedi | December 2005 | 29 January 2011 |
| Fazel Hadi Muslimyar | 29 January 2011 | 15 August 2021 |

## Reserved seats for women

Having been absent from the decision-making process for centuries, Afghan women for the first time entered the political arena in 2001, after the overthrow of Taliban. With the introduction of reserved seats provision in the 2002 Emergency Loya Jirga, when ten percent of 1600 seats were reserved for women, the ground was laid for participation of Afghan women in parliament.
The new 2004 constitution secured reserved seats for women and minorities in both houses of parliament. In the 2005 parliamentarian elections, Afghan women won 89 seats. According to the Inter-Parliamentary Union, in 2009 they held 67 seats (27.7%) in the House of the People and 22 (21.6%) in the House of Elders. This representation is above the worldwide average of 18.5% and above the average of the United States at 16.8% for the House and 15.4% for the Senate.
# White Native Americans

White Native Americans may refer to:
* Mestizo, a term used in Central and South America to refer to a person of combined European and Indigenous American descent
* Métis, an ethnic group in Canada and parts of the United States of mixed Indigenous North American and European descent
* White Amazonian Indians, a group of white-skinned natives spotted in the Amazon Rainforest from the 16th century by Spanish missionaries
# Avat

Avat (Kazakh: Ават, Avat) is a village in Almaty Region of south-eastern Kazakhstan.
# Vadim Karlashchuk

Vadim Nikolayevich Karlashchuk (Russian: Вадим Николаевич Карлащук; born 30 July 1984) is a Russian former professional football player.
# Depth peeling

In computer graphics, depth peeling is a method of order-independent transparency. Depth peeling has the advantage of being able to generate correct results even for complex images containing intersecting transparent objects.

## Method

Depth peeling works by rendering the image multiple times. Depth peeling uses two Z buffers, one that works conventionally, and one that is not modified, and sets the minimum distance at which a fragment can be drawn without being discarded. For each pass, the previous pass' conventional Z-buffer is used as the minimal Z-buffer, so each pass draws what was "behind" the previous pass. The resulting images can be combined to form a single image.
# Ahang, Iran

Ahang (Persian: اهنگ, also Romanized as Āhang; also known as Ohak) is a village in Jazin Rural District, in the Central District of Bajestan County, Razavi Khorasan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 427, in 141 families.
# Dagmar Mair unter der Eggen

Dagmar Mair unter der Eggen (Austrian German pronunciation:; born 22 December 1974) is an Italian snowboarder.
She was born in Bruneck. She competed at the 1998 Winter Olympics, in giant slalom. Her achievements at the World Championships include a gold medal in the parallel slalom in 1997, and a bronze medal in giant slalom in 2001.
# Edutainment TV

Edutainment TV (Mongolian: Боловсрол суваг, Bolovsrol suvag), also abbreviated EduTV, is a television broadcaster in Mongolia.
# Deona Juliani railway station

Deona Juliani Railway Station (Urdu and Punjabi: دیونا جولیانی ریلوے اسٹیشن) is located in Dewna Mandi village, Gujrat district of Punjab province, Pakistan.
# Iranian Queer Organization

The Iranian Queer Organization (IRQO; Persian: سازمان دگرباشان جنسی ایران), also known as the Persian Gay and Lesbian Organization, was an advocacy group for LGBT rights in Iran based in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. The organization was founded by human rights activist Arsham Parsi and monitors violations of gay rights in Iran. Under the Islamic laws of Iran, homosexuality is punishable by death.
Arsham Parsi left the organization and founded a new organization called the Iranian Railroad for Queer Refugees.
While living in Iran in 2001, Parsi founded an internet group that later became known as the Persian Gay and Lesbian Organization. The organization produces a monthly email newsletter called Cheraq (light) and has 6000 members in Iran.
IRQO provided an avenue for homosexuals in Iran to communicate with like minded activists around the world. Following the Iranian election protests in 2009, IRQO distributed an open letter from university students in Iran deploring the state of gay rights in the country. The organization also published a letter from gay Iranian Mehdi Kazemi after his boyfriend was executed and he was at risk for deportation to Iran.
In 2008, IRQO was one of the two winners of the International Gay and Lesbian Human Rights Commission's (IGLHRC) Felipa de Souza Award and Arsham Parsi received that award at the New York's ceremony.
IRQO dissolved the organization in March 2019.
# Kaliningrad Regional Drama Theatre

The Kaliningrad Regional Drama Theatre (Russian: Калининградский областной драматический театр) is a theatre in Kaliningrad, Russia.
The city of Königsberg, Germany, was granted to the Soviet Union in 1945 and subsequently renamed Kaliningrad. The new Kaliningrad theatre was created in 1947 and originally located on Basseynaya Street (formerly Ratslinden in Ratshof) in western Kaliningrad. Most of its actors were graduates of the State Institute for Theatre Arts. The new theatre premiered with Konstantin Simonov's Lad from Our Town. Other plays within its repertoire include works by Anton Chekhov, Aleksandr Ostrovsky, Maxim Gorky, and Bertolt Brecht.
In 1960 the company moved to its present location on Mira Avenue, where the Neues Schauspielhaus once stood. That theatre had been destroyed during World War II, but architect P. V. Kuhtenkov designed the new Kaliningrad theatre according to similar plans and part of the original foundation. It reopened on 22 April 1960.
# Stavropol Soviet Republic

The Stavropol Soviet Republic (Russian: Ставропольская Советская Республика, romanized: Stavropol’skaya Sovetskaya Respublika; 1 January 1918 –7 July 1918) was a short-lived republic on the territory of the former Stavropol Governorate of the Russian Empire. Its capital was Stavropol. It was merged into the North Caucasian Soviet Republic.
# Kele (river)

The Kele (Russian: Келе; Yakut: Кэлэ) is a river in the Sakha Republic (Yakutia), Russia, a right tributary of the Aldan, part of the Lena basin.
The Kele has a length of 242 kilometres (150 mi) and a drainage basin area of 8,620 square kilometres (3,330 sq mi). There are no settlements in the area of the river. The nearest village is Segyan-Kyuyol to the west, in the Tumara basin.

## Course

The Kele originates in a small lake (1.5 km$^2$ (0.58 sq mi)) in the slopes of the southwestern Verkhoyansk Range. In the upper section of its course the river flows across mountainous terrain, heading roughly southwestwards in a narrow valley bound by the Munni Range on the western and the Sordogin Range on the eastern side. There are seven ice fields in the river basin with a total area of 28 km$^2$ (11 sq mi).
After leaving the mountainous area the Kele flows roughly in the same direction in its middle and lower course. It meanders across a floodplain dotted with about 900 lakes where the riverbed divides into slowly-flowing arms. Finally the Kele meets the right bank of the Aldan River, a little upstream from the mouth of the Tumara and downstream of the Tukulan. The river freezes between mid October and mid May.
The Kele's main tributary is the 98 km (61 mi) long Eyeges (Эйэгес), having its source in the Kelter Range and joining it from the right side.
# CA77.1

CA77.1 (CA) is a synthetic compound that activates chaperone-mediated autophagy (CMA) by increasing the expression of the lysosomal receptor for this pathway, LAMP2A, in lysosomes. CA77.1 is a derivative of earlier compound AR7(HY-101106), which shows potent CMA activation in vitro but is not suitable for in vivo use. CA77.1 is able to activate CMA in vivo, and demonstrates brain penetrance and favorable pharmacokinetics. It has been shown in animal studies that in vivo administration of CA77.1 to enhance chaperone-mediated autophagy, may help to degrade toxic pathogenic protein products such as tau proteins and has potential applications in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease particularly in improving both behavior and neuropathology in PS19 mice models.
# Alexey Sivokon

Alexey Sivokon (Russian: Алексей Николаевич Сивоконь, born 7 September 1973) is a Kazakhstani powerlifting competitor who won seven world titles between 1993 and 2001. He was six times the strongest on Asian Championships. Two times won World Games. He won seven times Bench Press World Championships.
# Darabad, Golestan

Darabad (Persian: داراباد, also Romanized as Dārābād) is a village in Qaravolan Rural District, Loveh District, Galikash County, Golestan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 860, in 186 families.
# Escaro

Escaro (French pronunciation: ; Catalan: Escaró) is a commune in the Pyrénées-Orientales department in southern France.

## Geography
### Localisation

Escaro is located in the canton of Les Pyrénées catalanes and in the arrondissement of Prades.
vtePlaces adjacent to Escaro :
Olette (by a quadripoint)
Serdinya
Fuilla
Souanyas
Escaro
Sahorre
Nyer
Py (by a quadripoint) :

## History

On 20 March 1822, the commune of Aytua is linked to Escaro.
# Michel Arrivé

Michel Arrivé (7 December 1936 – 3 April 2017) was a French novelist, short story writer, linguist and academic. He was a Professor of Linguistics and Semiotics at Paris Nanterre University from 1983 to 2006. He authored several novels and short stories.

## Early life

Michel Arrivé was born on 7 December 1936 in Neuilly-sur-Seine near Paris. His father was an engineer and his mother was a schoolteacher. His father was arrested in 1940, and Arrivé was raised by his extended family during the war.
Arrivé earned his Baccalauréat at 16. He passed Khâgne at the Lycée Louis-le-Grand and earned the agrégation at 21.

## Career

Arrivé began his career as a high school teacher in Évreux and Pontoise. He subsequently became Frédéric Deloffre's assistant at the University of Paris. He taught linguistics at the University of Tours, until he became a Professor of Linguistics and Semiotics at Paris Nanterre University in 1983. He retired in 2006. During the course of his career, he published academic research about Alfred Jarry, Sigmund Freud, Jacques Lacan and Ferdinand de Saussure.
Arrivé was also a novelist and short story writer in 1977.

## Personal life and death

Arrivé got married at 19 and had his first child at 20. He died on 3 April 2017 in Saint-Cloud near Paris.

## Selected works
### Linguistics

* Arrivé, Michel (1976). Lire Jarry. Brussels: Éditions Complexe. ISBN 9782870270042. OCLC 848501836.
* Arrivé, Michel (1986). Linguistique et psychanalyse : Freud, Saussure, Hjelmslev, Lacan et les autres. Paris: Méridiens/Klincksieck. ISBN 9782865631605. OCLC 642211196.
* Arrivé, Michel (1994). Langage et psychanalyse, linguistique et inconscient. Paris: Presses Universitaires de France. ISBN 9782130464648. OCLC 231640366.
* Arrivé, Michel (2007). À la recherche de Ferdinand de Saussure. Paris: Presses Universitaires de France. ISBN 9782130559702. OCLC 237134934.
* Arrivé, Michel (2008). Du côté de chez Saussure. Limoges: Lambert-Lucas. ISBN 9782915806885. OCLC 602011289.

### Short stories

* Arrivé, Michel (1989). L'Éphémère ou la mort comme elle va. Paris: Méridiens Klincksieck. ISBN 9782865632237. OCLC 490028123.

### Novels

* Arrivé, Michel (1977). Les Remembrances du vieillard idiot. Paris: Flammarion. ISBN 9782080640024. OCLC 461828897.
* Arrivé, Michel (1978). La Réduction de peine. Paris: Flammarion. ISBN 9782080641120. OCLC 5241561.
* Arrivé, Michel (1983). L'Horloge sans balancier. Paris: Flammarion. ISBN 9782080645821. OCLC 417154902.
* Arrivé, Michel (2006). Une très vieille petite fille. Seyssel: Editions Champ Vallon. ISBN 9782876734470. OCLC 421526748.
* Arrivé, Michel (2007). La Walkyrie et le professeur. Seyssel: Editions Champ Vallon. ISBN 9782876734685. OCLC 173671452.
* Arrivé, Michel (2010). Un bel immeuble. Seyssel: Editions Champ Vallon. ISBN 9782876735224. OCLC 631751867.
* Arrivé, Michel (2012). L'Homme qui achetait les rêves. Seyssel: Editions Champ Vallon. ISBN 9782876735606.
# Gennadi Bortnikov

Gennadi Leonidovich Bortnikov (Russian: Генна́дий Леони́дович Бо́ртников; 1 April 1939 – 24 March 2007) was a Russian and Soviet actor.

## Biography

His mother was a housewife, father and brother both pilots. After seven years at the school he enrolled in the engineering College, which was never finished. Went to work at a machine-building plant and after work, he went to attend night school. In 1962 he graduated from the School-Studio of MHAT and was accepted into the troupe of the Mossovet Theatre.
For many years Bortnikov was one of the leading actors of the theater, the most significant work Raskolnikov in Petersburg dreams and Smerdyakov in the Brothers Karamazov by Fyodor Dostoyevsky, the main role in the play based on the novel The Сlown by Heinrich Böll.
In the movie Bortnikov debuted in 1961 the film Adult Children; the largest job starring role Soviet spy in the film Blasted Hell. He also appeared in the 1978 film Centaurs.
Was fond of painting. As an artist and the author of the costumes Bortnikov has designed several performances.
Gennady Bortnikov died on 24 March 2007 from a heart attack. He was buried at Vvedenskoye Cemetery.
Bortnikov never married.
# Chuck Greenberg (musician)

Chuck Greenberg (March 25, 1950 – September 4, 1995), born in Chicago, Illinois, was an American musical artist, composer and producer.
He began his musical career in the Midwest, including a backup band tour with the Bee Gees, then relocated to Los Angeles, California in 1978. Though Greenberg's band Shadowfax, first formed in 1972, his success as a producer and artist was marked by his series of recordings, with Alex de Grassi and Will Ackerman, beginning in 1982 on the Windham Hill label. Shadowfax won a Grammy in 1988 for Best New Age Performance for Folksongs for a Nuclear Village. This ground-breaking work combined jazz, rock, folk, and world music elements.
His work on the lyricon, the first electronic wind instrument, which he helped develop with engineer Bill Bernardi, became the signature sound of Shadowfax.
In live performances, Greenberg appeared as a featured artist at Carnegie Hall, Montreux, Ravinia, The Greek Theater, Wolf Trap, Red Rocks, and the Universal Theater, among others. His final work was a live Shadowfax recording and full-length concert from Santa Cruz, California, in 1995.
He died aged 45 on Santa Cruz Island, on September 4, 1995, after suffering a heart attack, leaving a wife and three sons.

## Discography

* From A Blue Planet (1991)

### With Shadowfax

(see main Shadowfax discography)
# Shahrabad, Davarzan

Shahrabad (Persian: شهراباد, also Romanized as Shahrābād) is a village in Mehr Rural District, Bashtin District, Davarzan County, Razavi Khorasan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 248, in 70 families.