# 1916 in art

Events from the year 1916 in art.

## Events

* February 5 – Cabaret Voltaire is opened by German poet Hugo Ball and his future wife Emmy Hennings in the back room of Ephraim Jan's Holländische Meierei in Zürich; although surviving only until the summer it is pivotal in the creation of Dada. Those who gather here include Marcel Janco, Richard Huelsenbeck, Tristan Tzara, Sophie Taeuber-Arp and Jean Arp.
* February 9 : 6.00 p.m. – Tristan Tzara "founds" Dada (according to Hans Arp).
* March 1 – Liljevalchs konsthall inaugurated in Stockholm.
* May 20 – Boy with Baby Carriage is Norman Rockwell's first cover for The Saturday Evening Post.
* May – Muirhead Bone recruited as a war artist by the British War Propaganda Bureau. At the end of the year, his album of drawings The Western Front begins publication.
* June 16 – Cleveland Museum of Art opens in the United States.
* July 14 – Hugo Ball recites the Dada manifesto in Zürich.
* Summer – Paul Strand experiments with 'straight' abstract photography at Twin Lakes (Connecticut).
* August 31 – Kestnergesellschaft founded in Hanover, Germany.
* September 19 – Edvard Munch's paintings for the Aula (festival hall) of Det Kongelige Frederiks Universitet, Christiania, are inaugurated.
* September 26 – C. R. W. Nevinson's first major single-artist exhibition opens in London.
* November – John Nash arrives with the Artists Rifles in France.
* Vanessa Bell's first single-artist exhibition is staged at Omega Workshops in London.
* Provincial Fine Arts Museum completed in Córdoba, Argentina.
* Gilbert Cannan publishes his novel Mendel: a story of youth, based on the lives of those in his artistic circle of friends with a young Mark Gertler as the central figure, together with Dora Carrington, C. R. W. Nevinson and John Currie.
* Ezra Pound publishes Gaudier-Brzeska: A Memoir.

## Works

* Paul Wayland Bartlett – Apotheosis of Democracy (pediment sculpture on United States Capitol)
* Vanessa Bell – Nude with Poppies
* Umberto Boccioni – Portrait of Ferruccio Busoni
* Constantin Brâncuși – Princess X (sculpture)
* Frank Brangwyn – Mosaic for apse of St Aidan's Church, Leeds, England
* George Clausen – Youth Mourning
* Giorgio de Chirico
** The Disquieting Muses
** The Melancholy of Departure
** Metaphysical Interior with Biscuits
* Marcel Duchamp – Apolinère Enameled (approximate date)
* Jacob Epstein – The Tin Hat (bronze head)
* Abel Faivre – On les aura! (recruiting poster)
* Paul Gustav Fischer – Sunbathing in the Dunes
* Mark Gertler
** Gilbert Cannan at his Mill
** Merry-Go-Round
* J. W. Godward
** Ancient Pastimes
** By The Blue Ionian Sea
** Lesbia With Her Sparrow
* George Grosz – Suicide
* Richard Jack – The Return to the Front: Victoria Railway Station
* Ernst Ludwig Kirchner – Königstein Station
* Laura Knight – Spring (original version)
* Boris Kustodiev
** Fontanka
** Shrovetide (Масленица)
* Alfred Laliberté – Les petits Baigneurs (bronze, Montreal)
* Fernand Léger – Soldier with a Pipe
* Wilhelm Lehmbruck – The Fallen (sculpture)
* Kazimir Malevich – Suprematist Composition
* Edward Middleton Manigault
** Still Life with Lemons
** Vorticist Landscape (War Impressions) (approximate date)
* Henri Matisse – The Piano Lesson
* Jean Metzinger
** Femme au miroir (Femme à sa toilette, Lady at her Dressing Table)
** Fruit and a Jug on a Table
* Amedeo Modigliani
** portrait of Beatrice Hastings
** Léon Indenbaum
** portrait of Max Jacob
** Jacques and Berthe Lipchitz
** two portraits of Chaïm Soutine
** Reclining Nude
* Claude Monet – paintings in Water Lilies series
** Nympheas (Musée Marmottan Monet)
** Water Lilies (Museum of Fine Arts, Boston)
* C. R. W. Nevinson
** Archies
** The Doctor
** Dog-Tired
** French Troops Resting
* Maxfield Parrish and Louis Comfort Tiffany – Dream Garden (glass mosaic) commissioned for and installed in the lobby of the Curtis Center in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
* Glyn Philpot
** Man in a Flying Jacket
** The Skyscraper
* Morton Livingston Schamberg – Untitled (Mechanical Abstraction)
* Matthew Smith – Fitzroy Street Nude No. 1
* Paul Strand (photographs)
** Abstraction, Porch Shadows, Twin Lakes, Connecticut
** White Fence

## Births

* January 23 – David Douglas Duncan, American war photographer (died 2018)
* April 11 – Irv Novick, American comic book artist (died 2004)
* April 20 – Gerald Dillon, Irish painter (died 1971)
* April 26 – Eyvind Earle, American illustrator and Disney artist (died 2000)
* June 24 – Saloua Raouda Choucair, Lebanese painter and sculptor (died 2017)
* July 25 – Fred Lasswell, American cartoonist (died 2001)
* September 29 – Carl Giles, English cartoonist (died 1995)
* October 18 – Jean-Yves Couliou, French painter (died 1995)
* November 3 – Harry Lampert, American cartoonist, advertising artist and author (died 2004)
* November 10 – Louis le Brocquy, Irish painter (died 2012)
* November 25 – Villu Toots, Estonian calligrapher, book designer, educator, paleograph and author (died 1993)
* December 7 – John G. Morris, American picture editor (died 2017)

## Deaths

* January 17 – Marie Bracquemond, French Impressionist painter (born 1840)
* February 13 – Vilhelm Hammershøi, Danish painter (born 1864)
* March 4 – Franz Marc, German Expressionist painter (born 1880) (killed in action during Battle of Verdun)
* June 25 – Thomas Eakins, American painter, sculptor and teacher (born 1844)
* June 29 – Georges Lacombe, French artist (born 1868)
* July 6 – Odilon Redon, French Symbolist painter and graphic artist (born 1840)
* July 29 – Eleanor Vere Boyle, English watercolorist (born 1825)
* August 17 – Umberto Boccioni, Italian Futurist painter and sculptor (born 1882) (died following a fall during cavalry training)
* August 23 – Jean-Paul Aubé, French sculptor (born 1837)
* August 28 – Henri Harpignies, French landscape painter of the Barbizon school (born 1819)
* October 25 – William Merritt Chase, American Impressionist painter (born 1849)
* December 13 – Antonin Mercié, French sculptor and painter (born 1845)
* date unknown
** Wu Shixian, Chinese landscape painter during the Qing dynasty (born unknown)
** Branko Radulović, Serbian painter (born 1885).