OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# 1625 in art

Events from the year 1625 in art.

## Events

* Abraham van der Doort becomes the first Surveyor of the King's Pictures to Charles I of England.

## Works

* Gian Lorenzo Bernini – Apollo and Daphne (marble)
* Artemisia Gentileschi – Judith and Her Maidservant (Detroit Institute of Arts)
* Gerard van Honthorst
** The Matchmaker
** Smiling Girl, a Courtesan, Holding an Obscene Image
* Pieter Lastman – The Angel and Tobias with the Fish
* Rembrandt
** The Senses (series)
** The Stoning of Saint Stephen
* Jacopo Vignali – Cyparissus (approximate date)

## Births

* May 13 – Carlo Maratta, Italian painter (died 1713)
* November 20 – Paulus Potter, Dutch painter specializing in animals in landscapes (died 1654)
* date unknown
** Antonio Busca, Italian painter active in Lombardy (died 1686)
** Pietro Bellotti, Italian painter (died 1700)
** Antonio Castrejon, Spanish painter (died 1690)
** Federico Cervelli, Italian painter, born in Milan (died 1700)
** Domenico Guidi, Italian sculptor (died 1701)
** Abraham Hondius, Dutch Baroque painter known for animal paintings (died 1691)
** Giovan Battista Langetti, Italian painter (died 1676)
** Cosimo Ulivelli, Italian who painted frescoes for the Santissima Annunziata church (died 1704)
* probable
** Hendrick Danckerts, Dutch painter and engraver (died 1680)
** Charles Philippe Dieussart, Dutch architect and sculptor (died 1696)
** Willem de Heusch, Dutch landscape painter (died 1692)
** Justus de Verwer, Dutch painter and illustrator (died 1689)

## Deaths

* January 13 – Jan Brueghel the Elder, Flemish painter (born 1568)
* April 23 - Juan de las Roelas, Spanish painter (born 1558)
* November 16 - Sofonisba Anguissola, Italian painter (born 1532)
* date unknown
** Guglielmo Caccia, Italian painter specialising in altar-pieces (born 1568)
** Bartolomeo Cavarozzi, Italian caravaggisti painter of the Baroque period active in Spain (born 1590)
** Felipe de Liaño, Spanish painter
** Renold Elstracke, one of the earliest native engravers in England (born 1570)
** Antonio Mohedano, Spanish painter (born 1561)
** Giulio Cesare Procaccini, Italian painter and sculptor of Milan (born 1574)
** Hans Rottenhammer, German painter (born 1564)
** Tommaso Salini, Italian painter of still life (born 1575)
** Pieter de Valck, Dutch Golden Age painter (born 1584)
# Brezovci, Dornava

Brezovci (pronounced) is a settlement in the Municipality of Dornava in northeastern Slovenia. It lies on the edge of the Slovene Hills (Slovene: Slovenske gorice), east of Dornava. The area is part of the traditional region of Styria. It is now included with the rest of the municipality in the Drava Statistical Region.
# Gornje Komarice

Gornje Komarice (Serbian: Горње Комарице) is a village in Pivara municipality in Kragujevac city district in the Šumadija District of central Serbia.
It has a population of 322.
# René Joffroy

René Joffroy (10 June 1915 – 5 May 1986) was a French archaeologist. He was curator of the National Archaeological Museum from 1964 to 1984.

## Publications

* 1960: L'Oppidum de Vix et la civilisation hallstattienne finale thèse d'État
* 1961: La tombe princière de Vix Côte d'or, Boudrot
* 1979: Vix et ses trésors - Paris
* 1984: Initiation à l'archéologie de la France, éditions Tallandier, Paris. Prix Broquette-Gonin of the Académie française
* History
* France
# Frederick of Hesse-Darmstadt

Frederick of Hesse-Darmstadt (28 February 1616 – 19 February 1682) was a German Protestant and soldier who converted to Catholicism, became a cardinal and was appointed Crown-cardinal of Austria.

## Early life

Frederick was born in Darmstadt, Germany, the 12th child of Louis V, Landgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt. Born into a Lutheran family, he converted to Catholicism at the age of 20 and entered the Order of St. John of Jerusalem.
He served as a soldier during a number of conflicts and became an admiral in the navy of the Kingdom of Spain. In 1647 he became Grand Prior of the Order of St. John in Germany and travelled throughout Italy, Spain and Germany.

## Ecclesiastic career

Eventually he made his way to Rome and entered the service of Pope Innocent X.
In 1652 he was elevated to cardinal by Pope Innocent and participated in the Papal conclave of 1655.
He was appointed papal legate (with Cardinal Carlo de' Medici) to Queen Christina of Sweden, who had converted to Catholicism and arrived in Rome in November 1655.
In 1671 he was elected Bishop of Breslau and was subsequently appointed administrator of Breslau for six months from October 1671. Frederick of Hessen-Darmstadt died in Breslau on 19 February 1682.

## References and notes

* ↑ Pope Alexander the Seventh and the College of Cardinals by John Bargrave, edited by James Craigie Robertson (reprint; 2009)
* ↑ S.Miranda: Archived 2018-01-19 at archive.today von Hessen-Darmstadt
* ↑ Note: likely, at first, in a military capacity during the Wars of Castro
* ↑ Catholic Hierarchy: Friedrich Cardinal von Hessen-Darmstadt
# Šantić

Šantić (Serbian: Шантић) is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Aleksa Šantić (1868–1924), Bosnian Serb poet
* Tony Šantić (born 1952), noted Australian thoroughbred owner and tuna farmer
→ Šantić (Santic) Noble family
# Astana Zhas Ulan Republican School

The Zhas Ulan Republican School named after Sagadat Nurmagambetov (Kazakh: Армия генералы Сағадат Қожахметұлы Нұрмағамбетов атындағы Жас ұлан республикалық мектебі, Armia generally Sağadat Qojahmetūly Nurmaǵambetov atyndağy Jas ūlan respublikalyq mektebi; Russian: Республиканская школа Жас Улан имени Генерала Армии Сагадата Кожахметовича Нурмагамбе́това) also known as the Astana Zhas Ulan Republican School is a military boarding school in Kazakhstan's Armed Forces which specializes in the training of Kazakh youth who want to join the military. It came into existence in 1999, and is named after Army General Sagadat Nurmagambetov, the first Defence Minister of Kazakhstan and one of the most notable Kazakh soldiers who took part in the Battle of Berlin.

## Description

On 27 March 1999, the Government of Kazakhstan passed a resolution on the creation of a republican school in Astana. The school was considered to be a way to educate future members of the Kazakh Armed Forces. The school was officially opened on 4 November 1999 in the presence of president Nursultan Nazarbayev and Belarusian president Alexander Lukashenko. In December 2011, the school expanded into a new building.

## Leadership Structure

The following people make up the leadership structure of the school:
* Director - Colonel of Justice Tleukhan Bashozhaev
* Assistant director of the school - Lieutenant Colonel Gabit Zhusupaliev
* Head of the educational studies - Lieutenant Colonel Amantai Zharbosynov

## School life
### Purpose

The school was founded as a secondary educational institution with in-depth study of the Kazakh language and foreign languages, with enhanced military and physical discipline. Many of the graduates of the school have come to higher military educational institutions of Kazakhstan, Russia, Belarus, Germany, Turkey and other countries.

### Requirements

In order be a cadet at the school, young men must be at least 15 years old at the year of admission. Cadets must also go through a 10-day competition in which they meet the physical requirements of the school. Cadets are also administered a psychological test.

### Events

Since 2010, eighty pupils of the school have taken part in every Constitution Day and every Defender of the Fatherland Day parade in Kazakhstan as part of the Corps of Drums. 80 pupils (pupils of 9-10 form) march behind the color guards during the whole parade.

### Building

In 2012, the Central Military Band of the Ministry of Defense was relocated from the city of Almaty to Astana, with many of the remaining members of the band were housed in the dorms of the Republican School on a temporary basis.
# Erica Martrece Wilson

Erica Martrece Wilson (born May 26, 1991 Akron) is an American volleyball player who plays in the German Women's Volleyball League (de:Championnat d'Allemagne de volley-ball féminin).

## Playing career

She played for Arizona State University. She participated at the 2015–16 Women's CEV Cup, with Volley Köniz.

## Clubs

| Club | From | To |
| USA Arizona State University | 2009-2010 | 2011-2012 |
| GER Köpenicker SC | 2014-2015 | 2014-2015 |
| SUI Volley Köniz | 2015-2016 | 2015-2016 |
| GER USC Münster | 2016-2017 | … |
| PHI Cignal HD Spikers | 2019 | 2019 |
# Putevi Srbije

JP Putevi Srbije (Serbian: ЈП Путеви Србије) or Roads of Serbia, is a Serbian construction company headquartered in Belgrade, Serbia. It is the national road construction company of Serbia.

## Organization

Putevi Srbija was established by the Enactment of the Government of Serbia, as the state-owned enterprise responsible for "professional activities referring to permanent, continuous and good-quality maintenance and preservation, exploitation, construction, reconstruction, organization and control of toll collection, development and management of I and II category state roads in the Republic of Serbia". In current form, it operates since 20 February 2006.
Road network managed by "Putevi Srbije" consists of 16,844 km (10,466.38 mi) of I and II category state roads, valued at 4.483 billion euros as of December 2018.
As of December 2019, the total state roads network in Serbia is as follows:
* Ia category (motorways) – 962 km (597.76 mi)
* Ib category – 4,517 km (2,806.73 mi)
* IIa category – 7,903 km (4,910.70 mi)
* IIb category – 3,462 km (2,151.19 mi)
In January 2018, the Government of Serbia led by the Minister of Construction, Transportation and Infrastructure Zorana Mihajlović stated that the Government plans reorganization of "Putevi Srbije" and eventual merging of "Putevi Srbije" with specialized motorways construction company "Koridori Srbije".
# Untertoggenburg District

Untertoggenburg District (German: Bezirk Untertoggenburg) is a former district of the canton of St. Gallen in Switzerland.
* This Canton of St. Gallen location article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
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# Saq, Markazi

Saq (Persian: ساق, also Romanized as Sāq; also known as Sagh and Sāqī) is a village in Amanabad Rural District, in the Central District of Arak County, Markazi Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 22, in 9 families.
# Mahazoma

Mahazoma is a town and commune (Malagasy: kaominina) in Madagascar. It belongs to the district of Maevatanana, which is a part of Betsiboka Region. The population of the commune was estimated to be approximately 18,000 in 2001 commune census.
Primary and junior level secondary education are available in town. The town provides access to hospital services to its citizens. It is also a site of industrial-scale mining.
The majority 80% of the population of the commune are farmers, while an additional 10% receives their livelihood from raising livestock. The most important crop is rice, while other important products are maize, cassava and sweet potatoes. Services provide employment for 5% of the population. Additionally fishing employs 5% of the population.

## References and notes

* ↑ Estimated based on DEM data from Shuttle Radar Topography Mission
* 1 2 3 4 "ILO census data". Cornell University. 2002. Retrieved 2008-03-05.
17°10′S 46°34′E﻿ / ﻿17.167°S 46.567°E﻿ / -17.167; 46.567
* This Betsiboka location article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
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# Bărăgan Plain

The Bărăgan Plain (Romanian: Câmpia Bărăganului) is a steppe plain in south-eastern Romania. It makes up much of the eastern part of the Wallachian Plain. The region is known for its black soil and a rich humus, and is mostly a cereal-growing area.
It is bounded on the south and east by the Danube, and in the North by the Buzău and Călmățui rivers, both tributaries of the Danube. The western limit is a line joining the cities of Buzău, Urziceni, Budești, and Oltenița. The plain practically covers Ialomița and Călărași counties, extending into the southern portion of Buzău and Brăila counties.
The city of Bucharest is not part of Bărăgan but is on the Vlăsiei Plain.

## Major urban centers

* Brăila – 180,302 (2011)
* Călărași – 65,181 (2011)
* Slobozia – 48,241 (2011)
* Fetești – 30,217 (2011)
The cities of Buzău, Urziceni, and Oltenița border the Plains, but are not considered part of the Plains proper.

## History

Due to lack of forest in the past, the Bărăgan was an important route for the migratory peoples who roamed the area that is south-eastern Romania today. The Bărăgan Steppe was traditionally used as pasture by the shepherds in the Carpathian Mountains (including Transylvania) during transhumance, but was converted to arable land in the second half of the 19th century.
It was used as a depot for mass deportations by the Communist authorities during the 1950s. About 40,000 political prisoners, including Banat Swabians, were relocated here from the west of the country.

## Climate

The Bărăgan Plain has a harsh climate with hot and dry summers and includes the location where the highest-ever temperature in Romania was recorded: 44.5 °C (112.1 °F), at Ion Sion, in August 1951. Winters are cold, and subject to the effects of a blizzard wind, known as "crivăț" (this feature also gives the plain its name, derived from the Cuman language for "place where the blizzard is raging").
Due to its climate, it is one of the most inhospitable areas in Romania.
In his novel, Ciulinii Bărăganului, the Romanian writer Panait Istrati describes the Bărăgan Plain as follows:
   No trees grow here, and it's so far from one water well to the next that you can die of thirst half-way. The inhabitant of Bărăgan constantly hopes that one day someone will come and teach him how to live better in the Bărăgan, in this dreadful wilderness where water is hidden in the deepest bowels of the earth and where nothing grows except thistles. They cover the land in less than a week. It's the only thing the Bărăgan will tolerate, except for the sheep who lust after these thistles and devour them greedily. Come winter, the shepherd abandons this God forsaken land and returns home. Then the Bărăgan dons its white fur coat and lays to rest for six months. Nothing lives here any more. That's the Bărăgan.
# Burevestnik (Nizhny Novgorod Metro)

Burevestnik (Russian: Буревестник) is a station of the Nizhny Novgorod Metro which was opened on 9 September 2002. It is the western terminus station on the Sormovsko–Meshcherskaya line. The name translates as "Petrel". It is named after the novel of the same name by Maxim Gorky.

## Location

The station is located under the Sormovskoye Highway in the Moskovsky District. In the planning phase, the station was called Kalininskaya, after the Soviet politician Mikhail Kalinin. The station is located half underground in the basement of a building of the subway company.

## Architecture

It is the only subway station in Nizhny Novgorod that has two platforms on the outside of the tracks. Between the tracks there is a row of columns, above which the name of the station is mounted. The platforms and walls are covered with dark gray and white marble, and the ceiling is decorated with metal and plastic. The station hall is located above the tracks and is connected to the street by stairs.

## Connections

The station has connections to many tram and bus lines to the north west of Nizhny Novgorod, a part of the city not served by the metro.
# Robinsia

Robinsia is a genus of eels in the family Chlopsidae. The sole species is Robinsia catherinae, which inhabits tropical waters around Kenya in the western Indian Ocean, as well as off Panama and Brazil. It dwells at a depth range of 140 to 243 metres (459 to 797 ft). Males can reach a maximum total length of 19.8 centimetres (7.8 in).
# James L. Maxwell (mayor)

James L. Maxwell was an American politician who served as the 29th Mayor of Tulsa between 1958 and 1966.

## Biography

James Livingston Maxwell was born on May 12, 1926, in Tulsa to William Maxwell and Mary O'Donnell. During World War II, he served in the United States Army in Burma, India, and China. He graduated from Oklahoma State University in 1950.

### Tulsa mayor

A member of the Democratic Party, Maxwell was elected Mayor of Tulsa in 1958, becoming the city's youngest mayor. During his tenure Tulsa had its first master plan, integrated public facilities, and advocated several development projects including the Cox Business Convention Center, downtown government complex, central library, the Inner Dispersal Loop, and the Tulsa International Airport. He also oversaw the acquisition of the Gilcrease Museum. In 1966, he lost his re-election campaign to the Republican nominee James Hewgley, Jr. Maxwell ran again in 1968, but lost the election. He never married and died on October 18, 1984.
# Six/Nine

Six/Nine is the eighth studio album by the Japanese rock band Buck-Tick. It was released in a clear purple case on May 15, 1995, through Victor Entertainment.
It peaked at number one on the Oricon chart. It was certified gold in the same month and sold over 240,760 copies in the first year. The album was digitally remastered and re-released on September 19, 2002, with a bonus track. The album remastered once again and released on September 5, 2007, in a clear red case.
The single "Uta" is band's 2nd best-selling single, with over 200,000 copies sold.
Issay (Der Zibet) provides vocals for "Itoshi no Rock Star".

## Controversy

The hard-industrial rock song "Rakuen (Inori Koinegai)" (4:48) was released as a B-side of single "Kodou". It also has a music video, but the accompanied version was from the studio album (4:37) which oriental composition and arrangement is in instrumental-acoustic style. During the tours the band usually performed the original rock version.
Sakurai's lyrics are socially conscious and critical of the people seeing the political and war situation in the Middle East. They talk how in a country/garden of love and peace (Garden of Eden) suddenly there is bloodshed, children of God kill each other with gunfire, but on the TV it is showcased as a melodrama while "I" (Sakurai, in other sense, the listener/viewer) is indifferent, pretends to show tears and shuts their eyes (willful blindness).
The song caused controversy because some of the lyrics were lifted from the Quran and later the album was re-issued with the offending part removed by November 1995 in a clear case.

## Track listing

All lyrics are written by Atsushi Sakurai, except where noted; all music is composed by Hisashi Imai, except where noted

## Personnel

* Atsushi Sakurai - lead vocals, saxophone
* Hisashi Imai - lead guitar, backing vocals, lead vocals on "Aikawarazu no "Are" no Katamari ga Nosabaru Hedo no Soko no Fukidamari"
* Hidehiko Hoshino - rhythm guitar, keyboards, backing vocals
* Yutaka Higuchi - bass
* Toll Yagami - drums, percussion
Additional performers
* Susanne Bramson - backing vocals
* Aska Strings - violin
* Kazutoshi Yokoyama - keyboards
* Issay - vocals on "Itoshi no Rock Star"
Production
* Hitoshi Hiruma; Gary Stout - producers, recording, mixing
* Hisashi Imai; Buck-Tick - producers
* Takafumi Muraki; Osamu Takagi - executive producers
* Hirohito Fujishima; Shinichi Ishizuka - engineers
* Kenichi Arai; Hiroshi Tanigawa - assistant engineers
* Kazushige Yamazaki - mastering
* Ken Sakaguchi - graphic design
* Robert Longo - cover art
* M-Hasui - photography
# Rana Gurjeet Singh

Rana Gurjeet Singh (born 19 April 1952) is an Indian politician. He is a member of Indian National Congress.

## Political career

Singh is currently serving as a Member of Legislative Assembly from Kapurthala Assembly constituency in Punjab. He represented the Jalandhar Lok Sabha constituency of Punjab from 2004 to 2009. He has also served as a cabinet minister in Punjab Government.

## Controversy

On 25 December 2016, a criminal complaint against Singh was filed for an alleged assault against Kulwinder Singh Babbal, Bholath Assembly constituency in the Punjab Legislative Assembly election. However, Ranjit Singh Rana went to become INC candidate from Bholath. Later, Rana Gurjeet Singh claimed on 29 December that the complaint was filed on behalf of a Shiromani Akali Dal leader. Accused of pocketing sand mine contracts worth crores on his staff's names, Punjab Power & Irrigation Minister Rana Gurjit Singh has finally resigned in January 2018.

## MLA

The Aam Aadmi Party gained a strong 79% majority in the sixteenth Punjab Legislative Assembly by winning 92 out of 117 seats in the 2022 Punjab Legislative Assembly election. MP Bhagwant Mann was sworn in as Chief Minister on 16 March 2022.

## Electoral performance

2022 Punjab Legislative Assembly election: Kapurthala :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| | INC | Rana Gurjeet Singh | 44,096 | 42.94 | 10.81 |
| | AAP | Manju Rana | 36,792 | 35.82 | 18.59 |
| | BSP | Devinder Singh Dhapai | 8,627 | 8.4 | New |
| | BJP | Ranjit Singh Khojewal | 6,745 | 6.57 | New |
| | SAD(A) | Narinder Singh | 3,807 | 3.71 | 3.13 |
| | NOTA | None of the above | 622 | 0.61 | 0.02 |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 7,304 | 7.12 | 20.35 |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 1,02,700 | 68.51 | 6.18 |
| Registered electors | Registered electors | Registered electors | 149,885 | | |
| | INC hold | INC hold | Swing | | |
# Henderson Bay

Henderson Bay is a bay on the Aupouri Peninsula, near the very top of the North Island in New Zealand. It is on the eastern side of the peninsula next to the Pacific Ocean and 7 km off New Zealand State Highway 1, 66 km south of Cape Reinga and 10 km north of Houhora. A gravel road connects the bay to the highway.
Demographics for the area are included at Ngataki.

## Recreation

Henderson Bay is popular for surfing. It has consistent surf, with the beach and reef both having left and right hand breaks, however submerged rocks are a hazard.

## History

There is evidence that New Zealand's biggest tsunami took place at Henderson Bay between 1450 and 1480AD, leaving deposits more than 30 metres above sea level and reaching about a kilometre inland from the coast.
# Vibhandaka

Vibhandaka (Sanskrit: विभण्डक, romanized: Vibhāṇḍaka) is a rishi in Hinduism, belonging to the lineage of Sage Kashyapa. His son was Rishyashringa, featured in the epic Ramayana.

## Legend

The Mahabharata states that Sage Vibhandaka once chanced upon Urvashi, the most beautiful of the apsaras. While observing her, he was so aroused that he produced seminal fluid, which fell into some water. The water was consumed by a female deer, after which the creature subsequently became pregnant, and gave birth to a son whom the sage called Rishyashringa, named for the horns upon his head when he was born.

## Matha

According to the Advaita Vedanta, Adi Sankara established four Maṭhas (Sanskrit: मठ) (monasteries), with the headquarters at Dvārakā in the West, Jagannatha Puri in the East, Sringeri in the South and Badrikashrama in the North. Each math was headed by one of his four main disciples, who each continues the Vedanta Sampradaya.
According to Pandey, these Mathas were not established by Shankara himself, but were originally ashrams established by Vibhāņdaka and his son Ŗșyaśŗnga. Shankara inherited the ashrams at Dvārakā and Sringeri, and shifted the ashram at Śŗngaverapura to Badarikāśrama, and the ashram at Angadeśa to Jagannātha Purī.