OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Léon Sultan

Léon Réne Sultan (Arabic: ليون سلطان; September 13, 1905 – June 23, 1945) was a French-Algerian lawyer and founder of the Communist Party of Morocco.

## Background

He was born to an Algerian Jewish family—one of 8 children—in Constantine, Algeria in 1905. He was technically a French citizen due to the Crémieux Decree. His father worked at the military factories in the city.

## Career

He studied at the College of Law of Algiers (Faculté de droit d’Alger), then from 1925 to 1929 practiced at his own law office in Constantine. In 1929, he moved his practice to Casablanca, Morocco, where he joined young socialists and socialized with the city's Muslims as well as Jews. He was fluent in Arabic and French.
He was disbarred by the antisemitic French Vichy regime.

### Communist activity

In 1936, communist activity was legalized by the Popular Front government in France. A branch of the French communist party was established in Morocco and based in Casablanca, and Léon Sultan served as its secretary. It wasn't big, and it was made up almost exclusively of intellectuals. Léon Sultan wrote articles for the Clarté, a weekly journal published by the group. In 1939, the French communist party as well as its Moroccan branch were banned for Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact.
In 1943, communist activity resurged in Morocco, and Léon Sultan served as the first general secretary of the Communist Party of Morocco.
He died in June 1945, and Ali Yata assumed leadership of the party.

## Military service

He enlisted as a volunteer to fight against the Nazis in WWII. He was a lieutenant of the 5th regiment of Moroccan tirailleurs (infantrymen). He participated in Alsace, along the Rhine, in the Palatinate Forest, Württemberg, Bavaria, and Austria, where he was injured on April 29, 1945, fighting on the front. He continued to fight at the head of his section, not being hospitalized until May 11, 1945.

## Death

He returned to Casablanca in June, where he was due to resume his recovery. His return was celebrated by the Communist Party and other democratic organizations. He died unexpectedly of a stroke from complications of his injury at the military hospital in Casablanca.
# Novoshilikovo

Novoshilikovo (Russian: Новошиликово; Bashkir: Яңы Шилек, Yañı Şilek) is a rural locality (a village) in Tangatarovsky Selsoviet, Burayevsky District, Bashkortostan, Russia. The population was 46 as of 2010. There is one street.

## Geography

Novoshilikovo is located 38 km southwest of Burayevo (the district's administrative centre) by road. Davlekanovo is the nearest rural locality.
# Alexandre Boucher

Alexandre Boucher (11 April 1778 – 29 December 1861) was a French violinist who performed throughout Europe; he was noted for having a resemblance to Napoleon.

## Early life

Boucher was born in Paris. He had an interest in music at an early age; he was a pupil of Navoigille l'Aîné, and aged eight he played at les Concert Spirituels. In 1787 he went to Madrid, where he was solo violinist to King Charles IV of Spain. During his time in Madrid he met Luigi Boccherini with whom he played chamber music. He married Céleste Gallyot, a harpist and pianist to the king. After his return to Paris he became successful.
In 1808 Charles IV of Spain was forced to abdicate, and he was kept prisoner at Fontainbleu by Napoleon; Boucher visited him there, and directed a small group of musicians that played for the former king.

## Performances in Europe

From about 1820 he travelled through Europe. His talent as a violinist was acknowledged, but he was regarded as a musical charlatan. The violinist and composer Louis Spohr met him in Brussels in 1819; he wrote: "His face bore a remarkable likeness to Napoleon Bonaparte's, and he had evidently carefully studied the banished emperor's way of bearing himself, lifting his hat, taking 'snuff,' etc..... He played a Haydn quartet, but he added so many ornaments of bad taste, that it was impossible to derive any pleasure from it."
Boucher encouraged the idea that he was exiled from France because his likeness to Napoleon might arouse sympathies for the former emperor.
In 1821 the composer Carl Maria von Weber conducted a concert in Berlin, in which Boucher was a performer, playing Weber's Variations on a Norwegian Air, to which he added his own cadenza:
   At a wave from Boucher, Weber stopped; and he and the astounded public suddenly heard tremolandos, pizzicatos and other coarser tricks... then a whole firework display.... Finally, after highly extravagant modulations, arpeggios and other pieces of tightrope walking, the good fellow lost his balance completely and could find no way of getting back to the original piece – so, as if inspired from above, he dropped his violin and leapt upon the stupified, half irritated, half amused Weber, embraced him in front of everyone and shouted with a loud voice, as if choked with tears, "Ah grand maître! que j'aime, que j'admire!"
In April 1822 he visited Ludwig van Beethoven; at the occasion, the composer wrote for Boucher a piece for two violins (WoO 34 in the Kinsky–Halm Catalogue).
In 1844 he returned to France and settled in Orléans. He died in Paris in 1861.
# HMS Pearl (1855)

HMS Pearl was a Pearl-class 21-gun screw corvette of the Royal Navy launched in 1855, displacing 2,187 tons.
In September 1857, during the Indian Rebellion, 175 of the ship's crew were formed into Pearl's Naval Brigade. The small force, armed largely with rifles, took part in several actions. It was accompanied in many of these by a similar force formed from the crew of Shannon.
The ship was captained by Edward Southwell Sotheby from its commission in 1855. John Borlase replaced Sotheby, on the ships return from India in 1859, from 23 August 1859 to 18 June 1864 when the ship was paid off in Portsmouth. Pearl sailed around the East Indies and China and played a part in the Taiping Rebellion and the bombardment of Kagoshima during the Anglo-Satsuma War.

## North Star affair

In May 1861 the Pearl was involved in an incident involving a British merchant ship named North Star and Chinese pirates. On 13 May, pirates in a junk attacked North Star off the coast of Hong Kong Island. They killed or mortally wounded at least five members of the crew and stole over 4,000 dollars worth of gold before abandoning the ship. Only two survivors remained on the ship. They hid from the pirates until they left North Star, and then set sail for the port of Hong Kong. Pearl was anchored off Green Island at the time and she eventually recovered both North Star and the survivors.
# Tim Peto

Timothy Edward Alexander Peto is a professor of medicine at the University of Oxford. He is the co-leader for the Infection Theme of the Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, and a National Institute for Health and Care Research Senior Investigator.
Peto's research has included combination therapy for AIDS, the search for an effective AIDS vaccine, the transmission of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in hospitals, and transmission mechanisms for Clostridioides difficile infections.
# Askiz (rural locality)

Askiz (Russian: Аскиз; Khakas: Асхыс, Asxıs) is a rural locality (a selo) and the administrative center of Askizsky District of the Republic of Khakassia, Russia. Population: 7,267 (2010 Census); 7,030 (2002 Census); 6,703 (1989 Soviet census).
# Qahej-e Pain

Qahej-e Pain (Persian: قهيج پايين, also Romanized as Qahej-e Pā’īn) is a village in Kharqan Rural District, Bastam District, Shahrud County, Semnan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 488, in 123 families.
# Al-Rawda, North Sinai

Al-Rawda (Arabic: الروضة) is a village in the markaz of Bir al-Abed, in the North Sinai Governorate of Egypt. It is a center of the Jaririya Sufi order, with the majority of the population following it (though that might have changed with recent migration), and of the Sawarka tribe. The Al-Rawda mosque and its zawiya was established in the winter of 1953-1954 by Eid Abu Jarir, and it was expanded and a minaret added in about 1990.
In 2016, it had a population of 2,111, according to the Central Agency for Public Mobilization and Statistics. However, the village has been heavily affected by the Sinai insurgency, first taking in displaced persons fleeing Sheikh Zuweid and Rafah, and then losing 22% of its male population in the 2017 Sinai mosque attack.
The major local industries are a salt factory processing materials from nearby coastal salt works in Zaranik Protectorate on a sabkha of Lake Bardawil, and also agriculture.
# Sophie Cauvin

Sophie Cauvin (born 2 April 1968 in Braine-l'Alleud) is a Belgian painter.

## Personal background

Sophie Cauvin was born on 2 April 1968 in Braine-l'Alleud, Walloon Brabant, Belgium. She studied at The Royal Academies for Science and the Arts of Belgium.

## Exhibitions

* 2004: 5 Bruxelloises Art and Advice at Hasselt Gallery
* 2004: Galerie Sans Nom, Brussels
* 2005: Personal exhibition at Lucca Gallery New York City
* 2006: Galerie Grard Neuchâtel, Switzerland
* 2007: Personal exhibition at Gaudaen Galerij, Grimbergen
* 2009: Women Art Show, Brussels
* 2010: Guy Pieters Gallery Knokke Belgique

## Films

* 2024: On Melting Snow (2024) as herself. The documentary directed and produced by Mojtaba Bahadori follows Cauvin and explores her artistic philosophy and the connection between art and nature. The film won 2024 United Nations Prize, COP29 at Dokubaku International Film Festival, Azerbaijan.
# Novokizganovo

Novokizganovo (Russian: Новокизганово; Bashkir: Яңы Киҙгән, Yañı Kiźgän) is a rural locality (a village) in Tazlarovsky Selsoviet, Burayevsky District, Bashkortostan, Russia. The population was 491 as of 2010. There are 12 streets.

## Geography

Novokizganovo is located 23 km northeast of Burayevo (the district's administrative centre) by road. Starokizganovo is the nearest rural locality.
# Andalamasina Vineta

Andalamasina Vineta is a town and commune (Malagasy: kaominina) in Madagascar. It belongs to the district of Sakaraha, which is a part of Atsimo-Andrefana Region. The population of the commune was estimated to be approximately 4,000 in 2001 commune census.
Only primary schooling is available. The majority 60% of the population of the commune are farmers, while an additional 20% receives their livelihood from raising livestock. The most important crop is cotton, while other important products are maize and cassava. Industry and services provide employment for 5% and 10% of the population, respectively. Additionally fishing employs 5% of the population.

## References and notes

* ↑ Estimated based on DEM data from Shuttle Radar Topography Mission
* 1 2 3 "ILO census data". Cornell University. 2002. Retrieved 2008-03-25.
23°1′S 44°16′E﻿ / ﻿23.017°S 44.267°E﻿ / -23.017; 44.267
* This Atsimo-Andrefana location article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
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# Lieutenant prose

Lieutenant prose (Russian: лейтенантская проза) is the body of Russian military fiction penned by former junior officers of the Red Army who drew on their personal experiences during World War II. In "lieutenant prose" protagonists were often (though not always) the junior officers. The war is shown without the semi-official pathos and smoothing of sharp points. "Lieutenant prose" emphasizes not the scale of military actions, panoramic battles with many nameless faces and figures of military leaders, but places individual junior officers in the foreground, often depicting their great courage in extreme situations.
The main representatives of the "lieutenant prose" include Viktor Nekrasov, Grigory Baklanov, Yuri Bondarev, Vasil Bykov, Konstantin Vorobyov, Vyacheslav Kondratyev, Viktor Kurochkin, Boris Vasilyev.
# Hiroki Aikawa

Aikawa Hiroki (愛川 ヒロキ) is a male Japanese popular music artist and composer. He was born in Iwaki City, Fukushima Prefecture on June 24, 1963. He made his debut with the band remote on 1988. After "remote" broke up, he wrote songs for other artists as well as playing for various artists. Currently, he is also working as a member of the band The Bean'S he created himself.

## Works
### By Artists

* Don't Worry! 4L
* a abel
* Feinto Gachine Chiba Mika
* CANDY DOLL Emina Mako
* Muga HOLY NOIZ
* MiYOU Ikeda Kizoku
* I WISH Kirino Kanna
* innocence Kuno Sayaka
* NO Kamiyama Minori
* MIDNIGHT BLUE Mita Airi
* SECRET HEART MODE
* Kizu, Shinjitsu Natsuko
* EL AMOR Noah
* Yojo Robotomi
* Kurutta Tokei Shudo Kaori
* HOTMILK Takeda Aika
# Abdesalam Bennuna

Abdesalam Bennuna (Arabic: عبد السلام بنونة) was a Moroccan man of letters. He is described as the "father of Moroccan nationalism."
He cofounded al-Hurriya (الحرية Freedom), an arabophone newspaper, with Abdelkhalek Torres.
He corresponded with Shakib Arslan.
Drawing inspiration from the Alliance Israélite Universelle and the school it established in Tetuan in 1862, he contacted scholars, faqīhs, and literary figures in Morocco and established the Moroccan Scientific Society (المجمع العلمي المغربي) on December 30, 1916.
Along with Mohammed Daoud, Bennouna formed the group al Muslihun (the Reformers) in 1926.
During Spanish rule of Morocco, Bennouna called for democratic reforms for Moroccans. Initially, Bennouna did not demand independence or autonomy, but reforms of colonial rule such as elected municipal councils, a general council, press freedoms, freedom of association, improved educational system, Moroccan access to administrative posts and anti-poverty measures.
# Chi (2019 film)

Chi (Burmese: ချည်) is a 2019 Burmese drama film, directed by Nyunt Myanmar Nyi Nyi Aung starring Nay Toe, Thet Mon Myint and Shwe Thamee. The film, produced by Aung Tine Kyaw Film Production premiered in Myanmar on December 26, 2019.

## Cast

* Nay Toe as Khoon Da
* Thet Mon Myint as Mu Yar
* Shwe Thamee as Ngu
# Molla Sarab

Molla Sarab (Persian: ملاسراب, also Romanized as Mollā Sarāb) is a village in Gavdul-e Gharbi Rural District, in the Central District of Malekan County, East Azerbaijan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 912, in 195 families.
# Kuritsino

Kuritsino (Russian: Курицино) is a rural locality (a village) in Beketovskoye Rural Settlement, Vozhegodsky District, Vologda Oblast, Russia. The population was 34 as of 2002.

## Geography

The distance to Vozhega is 80 km, to Beketovskaya is 1 km. Nikulskaya, Kropufinskaya, Pokrovskaya, Andreyevskaya, Voskresenskoye, Zuyevo, Konechnaya, Filatovskaya are the nearest rural localities.
# Grutterink Mountains

The Grutterink Mountains (Dutch: Grutterinkgebergte) is a mountain range in the Sipaliwini District of Suriname. It is named after Jan Adolf Grutterink [nl].
* This Suriname location article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
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# Olga Shevchuk

Olga Shevchuk (Ukrainian: Ольга Шевчук; born in 1990) is a retired Ukrainian synchronised swimmer.

## Early life and education

She was born on 26 June 1990 in Kyiv, Ukraine. She studied at the Olympic College named after Ivan Poddubny in Kyiv.

## Career

In 2006, Olga Shevchuk won a bronze medal in free routine combination event at the 2006 European Junior Synchronised Swimming Championships, held in Bonn. At the next European junior championships, held in Callela she won a bronze medal in free combination routine event.
She competed at the 2007 World Aquatics Championships and 2009 World Aquatics Championships without reaching any medals.
The following years, Olga competed at the 2008 European Aquatics Championships, held in Eindhoven, where she received a bronze medal in free routine combination event.

## Personal life

Now she is a coach of fitness club "Podolsky Club" in Kyiv, a co-owner of professional swimming school "United Swim", a participant of ProFit conventions and instructor of aquaaerobics.
# Charavali

Charavali (Russian: Чаравали; Lak: Чаравалу) is a rural locality (a selo) in Novokulinsky Selsoviet, Novolaksky District, Republic of Dagestan, Russia. The population was 1,214 as of 2010. There are 6 streets.

## Geography

Charavali is located 6 km northeast of Novolakskoye (the district's administrative centre) by road, on the bank of the Yaryk-su River. Novokuli and Zoriotar are the nearest rural localities.

## Nationalities

Chechens and Laks live there.
# Nikolai Bulgakov

Nikolai Mikhailovich Bulgakov (Russian: Николай Михайлович Булгаков; 15 January 1960 – 1 October 2023) was a Russian professional football coach and a player.

## Club career

Bulgakov made his professional debut in the Soviet Second League in 1977 for FC Alga Frunze.

## Death

Bulgakov died on 1 October 2023, at the age of 63.
# Sar Borj, Torqabeh and Shandiz

Sar Borj (Persian: سربرج; also known as Sard Borj) is a village in Torqabeh Rural District, Torqabeh District, Torqabeh and Shandiz County, Razavi Khorasan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 175, in 44 families.
# Kamışlı, Kozluk

Kamışlı (Kurdish: Balika, Şedirke) is a village in the Kozluk District, Batman Province, Turkey. The village is populated by Kurds of the Reşkotan tribe and had a population of 426 in 2021.
The hamlet of Akağaç is attached to the village.
# Konevka

Konevka (Russian: Коневка) is a rural locality (a village) in Tigisnkoye Rural Settlement, Vozhegodsky District, Vologda Oblast, Russia. The population was 81 as of 2002.

## Geography

Konevka is located 23 km west of Vozhega (the district's administrative centre) by road. Savinskaya is the nearest rural locality.
# Kuzbayevo

Kuzbayevo (Russian: Кузбаево; Bashkir: Ҡуҙбай, Quźbay) is a rural locality (a village) in Kuzbayevsky Selsoviet, Burayevsky District, Bashkortostan, Russia. The population was 394 as of 2010. There are 8 streets.

## Geography

Kuzbayevo is located 12 km northwest of Burayevo (the district's administrative centre) by road. Altayevo is the nearest rural locality.
# River Maine (County Kerry)

The River Maine (Irish: An Mhaing) is a river in County Kerry, Ireland.

## History and legend

According to an ancient tradition recorded in Lebor Gabála Érenn, three rivers "burst forth" during the reign of Fíachu Labrainne as High King of Ireland. One was Innbhear Mainge — the Maine. The Annals of the Four Masters contains the same story, but spells it Mand.
The Metrical Dindshenchas records Inber Cíchmaine, cid cress, gáet co líth-baile láech-bress Maine ergna, úais ella, mac Medba ocus Ailella. ("At Inber Cichmaine, though it be narrow, was slain (a mighty onslaught) far-famed Maine, son of Medb and Ailell, exulting in fury of warlike combats.")
A possible etymology is from Old Irish mang, referring to a fawn or young deer.
The Maine was the traditional division of the Kingdom of Desmond: south of the Maine was controlled by the Gaelic MacCarthys, while north of the Maine was controlled by the Norman Earl of Desmond. A castle on the boundary was constructed on a stone bridge over the river at Castle Maine.

## Course

The River Maine rises at Tobermaing and flows westwards. It passes through Castleisland and under the N23, then meets its main tributary, the Brown Flesk. It continues through Currans and is bridged by the N22. In Castlemaine it passes under the N70, flows past the Ardcanaght Stones and enters the harbour.

## Pollution

In 2014 the river was reported as polluted with ammonia.

## Wildlife

The River Maine is a noted salmon and sea trout fishery. The brook lamprey also lives in it.
# Akyüz, Kızıltepe

Akyüz (Kurdish: Ewên) is a neighbourhood in the municipality and district of Kızıltepe, Mardin Province in Turkey. The village is populated by Kurds of the Kîkan tribe and had a population of 137 in 2021.
# Gyékényes

Gyékényes (Croatian: Đikeniš / Džikeniš) is a village in Somogy county, Hungary next to the Croatian border. Its train station serves as an important crossing point into Croatia.

## History

Gyékényes and its surroundings were already inhabited in the time of the Roman Empire; an excavation in 1971 found several artifacts from this time period.
The village was first mentioned in written documents in 1380. In this era, possession of the village was shared between several Magyar families. It was then under Turkish rule from 1600 until 1677.
Gyékényes was held by the Zichy family 1835 until 1945.

## Population and demographics

In 2017, the population of Gyékényes was 994. In 2011, a census found that 89.9% of its residents were Hungarian, 6.3% were Gypsies, 1.5% German, and 0.4% Croatian. The same census found that 62.4% of residents were Roman Catholic, 13.8% Evangelical, 6.6% non-religious, 2.4% Protestant, and 0.3% Greek Catholic (no data was collected on the remaining 14.2% of residents).
# Ramna, North Macedonia

Ramna (Macedonian: Рамна, Albanian: Ramnë) is a village in the municipality of Bitola, North Macedonia. It used to be part of the former municipality of Capari.

## Demographics

The Albanian population of Ramna are Tosks, a subgroup of southern Albanians. In statistics gathered by Vasil Kanchov in 1900, the village of Ramna was inhabited by 230 Muslim Albanians and 210 Bulgarians. In 1905 in statistics gathered by Dimitar Mishev Brancoff, Ramna was inhabited by 270 Muslim Albanians and 216 Bulgarian Exarchists and a Bulgarian school. According to the 2002 census, the village had a total of 61 inhabitants. Ethnic groups in the village include:
* Macedonians 53
* Albanians 7
* Others 1
# Brandon Gill (politician)

Brandon Gill is an American politician. He is the member-elect of the United States House of Representatives from the 26th district of Texas.
# Paul Schwarz

Paul Schwarz (19 November 1867, in Neisse – 28 December 1938, in Torgau) was a German orientalist, Iranist and Arabist.
In 1893 he received his doctorate at the University of Leipzig with a dissertation titled Umar Ibn Abî Rebî'a. Ein arabischer Dichter der Umajjadenzeit. In 1896 he obtained his habilitation for Oriental languages, and from 1903 to 1937 was an unscheduled professor of Oriental languages at Leipzig.

## Literary works

* Umar Ibn Abî Rebîa'a, Ein Arabischer Dichter Der Umajjadenzeit, Leipzig, 1893. (archive.org)
* Iran im Muttelalter nach den arabischen Geographen, 7 vols., Leipzig: E. Pfeiffer, 1896–1926 – Iran in the Middle Ages according to the Arab geographers.
* Die ‘Abbāsiden Residenz Sāmarrā, 1909 – the Abbasid Residency Samarra.
* Escorial-Studien zur arabischen Literatur und Sprachkunde, 1922 – Escorial studies of Arabic literature and linguistics.
# Khodinskaya

Khodinskaya (Russian: Ходинская) is a rural locality (a village) in Yavengskoye Rural Settlement, Vozhegodsky District, Vologda Oblast, Russia. The population was 39 as of 2002.

## Geography

Khodinskaya is located 27 km northeast of Vozhega (the district's administrative centre) by road. Mikhaylovskaya is the nearest rural locality.
# Spikey bass

The spikey bass (Hypopterus macropterus) is a species of ray-finned fish in the family Latidae, the lates perches. It is endemic to coastal waters off Western Australia, where it inhabits areas with soft substrates. It is the only species in the monotypic genus Hypopterus.

## Description

The spikey bass is an olive brown bass-like fish fading pale silvery below, each scale is marked with a dark oval spot and there are eight indistinct vertical bands along the head and body. This species has a deeper body than other species in the Latidae. It grows to a standard length of 13.8 cm (5.4 in).

## Distribution and habitat

The spikey bass is endemic to the eastern Indian Ocean off the coast of northwestern Australia. It prefers demersal and temperate waters.

## Etymology and taxonomy

The spikey bass’s generic name Hypopterus derives from the Greek hypo (under) and pteron (wing or fin).This species was first formally described as Psammoperca macroptera in 1859 by the German born British zoologist Albert Günther (1830-1914), with the type locality given as "Victora", meaning Port Essington in the Northern Territory but is actually thought to be Shark Bay in Western Australia. Theodore Nicholas Gill described the monospecific genus Hypopterus for this Australian endemic taxon in 1861.