OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Prabhudas Gandhi

Prabhudas Gandhi (4 December 1901 – 6 May 1995) was an Indian Gujarati language writer and translator. He was a son of Mahatma Gandhi's nephew Chhaganlal Gandhi. He was awarded the Narmad Suvarna Chandrak (1948) for his book Jivannu Parodh. (lit. 'Dawn of Life').

## Biography

Prabhudas Gandhi was born to father Chhaganlal Gandhi and mother Kashibahen Devi, on 4 December 1901 at Porbandar (now in Gujarat, India). In 1902, his father Chhaganlal Gandhi and uncle Maganlal Gandhi went to South Africa. Prabhudas arrived in South Africa with his mother in 1905. He spent his childhood at the Phoenix Ashram there. In 1914, he returned to India and studied at Gurukul Kangadi, Haridwar and at Santiniketan. In 1915, Mahatma Gandhi returned to India and established the Kochrab Ashram at Ahmedabad. Prabhudas was one of the original 25 inmates of the Ashram. In 1917, he participated in the Champaran Satyagraha and toured Bihar along with Gandhi and Kasturba. During the Non-cooperation movement in 1921, he worked with Mamasaheb Phalke in Godhra for the upliftment of manual scavengers.
He worked with Gulzarilal Nanda during the mill workers' strike at Ahmedabad. He worked as a tutor of spinning-wheel (charkha) with Jugatram Dave at the Bardoli Swaraj Ashram in south Gujarat. He invented a new type of charkha that could be operated with the user's feet. He named it the "Magan Charkha" in memory of his uncle Maganlal Gandhi.
In 1928, he was jailed for six months and sentenced to solitary confinement at Belgaum for participating in the Bardoli Satyagraha led by Vallabhbhai Patel. In 1929, when he was diagnosed with tuberculosis, he followed Gandhi's advice and moved to Almora in the Himalayas. In 1933, he married Ambadevi at the Women's Ashram, Wardha. The wedding was attended by Gandhi and Kasturba. During the Quit India Movement of 1942, Prabhudas was sentenced to two-and-a-half years in prison and sent to Bareilly jail. In 1946, he worked closely with the government and voluntary organizations in rural areas of Delhi and Uttar Pradesh. He also worked for Vinoba Bhave's Bhoodan movement.
On 6 May 1995, he died at the Gram Swaraj Mandal at Pardi in Rajkot district at the age of 93.

## Writing

Gandhi's autobiographical publication Jivannu Parodh (lit. 'Dawn of Life') was awarded the Narmad Suvarna Chandrak. He translated the autobiography of Rajendra Prasad in Gujarati as Mari Jivankatha (1950). My childhood with Gandhiji (1957), Gitaka Samajdharma, Ootabapa no Vadlo (1972) – a family tree of Gandhi family and Ashram Bhajano no Swadhyaya (1978) are his other published works. His book Bapu na Jugatrambhai chronicles the bond between Gandhi and Jugatram Dave.

## Awards and honors

He was awarded the Narmad Suvarna Chandrak (1948) by the Narmad Sahitya Sabha for his book Jivannu Parodh.
# Arnulf Herrmann

Arnulf Herrmann (born in Heidelberg, 12 December 1968) is a German composer.
After studying piano with Gernot Sieber at the Richard Strauss Conservatory in Munich he enrolled at the Hochschule für Musik Carl Maria von Weber, where he studied composition with Wilfried Krätzschmar and piano with Arkadi Zenzipér. In 1995/96 he was a pupil of Gérard Grisey and Emmanuel Nunes at the Conservatoire de Paris (CNSMDP), after which he completed his training with Hartmut Fladt and Jörg Mainka (theory) and with Friedrich Goldmann, Gösta Neuwirth, and Hanspeter Kyburz at the Universität der Künste Berlin. In 1999/2000 he attended a post-graduate course in composition and new technologies at IRCAM in Paris.
His awards include the Hanns Eisler Composition Prize (2001), the Stuttgart Composition Prize (2003), and the International Rostrum of Composers (for Terzenseele, 2006). In 2008 he was awarded the Förderpreis Musik (of the Kunstpreis Berlin) and a scholarship to the Villa Massimo in Rome. In 2010 he received the Ernst von Siemens Composer Prize.
His first opera, Wasser, with words by Nico Bleutge, received its world premiere at the 2012 Munich Biennale in a co-production with Oper Frankfurt. An excerpt from it was performed at the 2011 Wittener Tage für neue Kammermusik, with soprano Claron McFadden and tenor Sebastian Hübner, and the Ensemble Modern, led by Johannes Kalitzke.
His second opera, Der Mieter, premiered in 2017 at the Oper Frankfurt, directed by Johannes Erath and conducted by Kazushi Ono. The opera is based on Roland Topor's novel Le locataire chimérique which was made into the film The Tenant by Roman Polanski.
Herrmann teaches composition, analysis, and orchestration at the Hochschule für Musik Hanns Eisler, Berlin.
# David Irons

David Irons Jr. (born October 9, 1982) is a former American football cornerback. He was selected by the Atlanta Falcons in the sixth round of the 2007 NFL draft. He played college football at Auburn.
Irons also played for the Florida Tuskers and Sacramento Mountain Lions. He is the older brother of former NFL running back and Auburn teammate Kenny Irons.

## College career
### Butler Community College

Irons began his college career at Butler Community College in 2001 but was unable to play that season due to a knee injury and resulting surgery. In the 2002 season, he recorded 45 tackles and two interceptions. In 2003, he helped lead the BCC Grizzlies to an NJCAA National Championship with 59 tackles, three interceptions, and nine pass breakups.

### Auburn

After moving on to Auburn in 2004, David again injured his knee in pre-season practice and did not play in the Tigers' undefeated season. He was able to return and start in eleven games in 2005 and was named to the AP All-SEC Second-team with 48 tackles (36 solo, 12 assists) and 11 pass break-ups. Due to his knee injuries, Irons applied for and was granted an additional year of eligibility by the NCAA. He had already graduated with a Bachelor of Arts, but began coursework towards a master's degree in the fall semester of 2006 to maintain his eligibility. Prior to the 2006 season, David was named to the Coaches All-SEC First-team and the Jim Thorpe Award Preseason Watch List. Irons finished the regular season with 39 tackles (22 solo, 17 assists), 11 pass break-ups and two interceptions and was named to the Coaches All-SEC Second-team.

## Professional career

In 2008, Irons was placed on season-ending injured reserve with a knee injury. He was waived on July 28, 2009.

## Personal

His brother Kenny Irons, was a teammate at Auburn and was selected in the 2nd round (49th overall) of the 2007 draft by the Cincinnati Bengals. He is the nephew of Gerald Irons and Leroy Jackson and he is the cousin of Grant Irons, Jarrett Irons and Paul Irons.
# Herman Riddick

Herman Henry Riddick (July 28, 1907 – September 26, 1968) was an American football coach. He was the ninth head football coach at North Carolina College at Durham—now known as North Carolina Central University, serving for 20 seasons, from 1945 to 1964, and compiling a record of 112–57–10. His tenure is the longest of any coach in the history of the North Carolina Central Eagles football program.
A native of Gatesville, North Carolina, Riddick played college football at North Carolina College before graduating with a bachelor's degree in 1933. He began his coaching career in 1936 at Hillside High School, in Durham, North Carolina. Riddick died on September 26, 1968, in Durham.

## Head coaching record
### College

| Year | Team | Overall | Conference | Standing | Bowl/playoffs |
| North Carolina College Eagles (Colored/Central Intercollegiate Athletic Association|Colored) (1945–1964) ||||| |
| 1945 | North Carolina College | 6–3 | 5–1 | 3rd | |
| 1946 | North Carolina College | 7–3 | 5–3 | 6th | |
| 1947 | North Carolina College | 2–7 | 2–6 | 12th | |
| 1948 | North Carolina College | 6–3–1 | 4–3–1 | 7th | |
| 1949 | North Carolina College | 4–5 | 3–4 | 8th | |
| 1950 | North Carolina College | 7–2 | 6–1 | 2nd | |
| 1951 | North Carolina College | 7–2–1 | 5–1–1 | 3rd | |
| 1952 | North Carolina College | 4–4 | 4–2 | 2nd | |
| 1953 | North Carolina College | 5–3 | 5–1 | 1st | |
| 1954 | North Carolina College | 7–1–1 | 6–0–1 | 1st | W National Classic |
| 1955 | North Carolina College | 4–1–2 | 3–1–2 | 4th | |
| 1956 | North Carolina College | 5–2–2 | 5–0–2 | T–1st | |
| 1957 | North Carolina College | 5–4 | 4–3 | 10th | |
| 1958 | North Carolina College | 7–2 | 5–1 | 2nd | |
| 1959 | North Carolina College | 4–4–1 | 3–3 | 8th | |
| 1960 | North Carolina College | 7–2 | 5–2 | 3rd | |
| 1961 | North Carolina College | 7–0–2 | 5–0–2 | 1st | |
| 1962 | North Carolina College | 6–3 | 4–3 | 7th | |
| 1963 | North Carolina College | 8–1 | 6–1 | 1st | |
| 1964 | North Carolina College | 4–5 | 2–5 | 13th | |
| North Carolina College: | North Carolina College: | 112–57–10 | 87–41–9 | | |
| Total: | Total: | 112–57–10 | | | |
| National championship  Conference title  Conference division title or championship game berth ||||||
# Taras Yarush

Taras Oleksandrovych Yarush (Ukrainian: Тарас Олександрович Яруш, born 4 January 1995 in Lviv) is a Ukrainian male acrobatic gymnast.

## Career

Taras with Stanislav Kukurudz and Yurii Push debuted competing at the 2016 Acrobatic Gymnastics World Championships in the group all-around event, finishing 4th in final and qualifying at the 2017 World Games.
The following year, he competed at the 2017 Acrobatic Gymnastics European Championships, receiving bronze medals in group dynamic and group all-around events. Stanislav represented Ukraine at the 2017 World Games, finishing 5th in group all-around event.
In 2018, Taras with his teammates won a first gold medal at the FIG Acrobatic Gymnastics World Cup in Puurs in the group all-around event.
At the 2019 Acrobatic Gymnastics European Championships, held in Holon, Taras won a bronze medal in the group dynamic event.
In 2021, Taras won a first bronze medal at the World Championships, held in Geneva, in the group all-around event. He also won a bronew medal in the group all-around event at the 2021 Acrobatic Gymnastics European Championships.
In 2022, Taras won a first bronze medal at the World Games in Birmingham in the group all-around event.
The following year, he won a first silver medal at the European Championships, held in Varna, in the group dynamic event.
# Gottfried Thomasius

Gottfried Thomasius (/toʊˈmeɪʃəs/; 26 June 1802 – 24 January 1875) was a German Lutheran theologian. He was born in Egenhausen (in present-day Middle Franconia) and he died in Erlangen.

## Biography

He studied philosophy and theology in Erlangen, Halle and Berlin, and as a student had renowned instructors that included Friedrich Schleiermacher, August Neander, G. W. F. Hegel, Philip Marheineke and Friedrich Tholuck. In 1829 he began serving as a pastor in Nuremberg, and in 1842 was appointed professor of dogmatics at the University of Erlangen.
Thomasius was an important representative of the "Erlangen School" within the German Neo-Lutheranism movement and a major influence on, for instance, the church historian Albert Hauck. He is credited for introducing the concept of Kenotic Christology into German theology, of which, his aim was to provide an understanding of the limited consciousness of Jesus Christ, without denying the unity of deity and humanity in Christ.

## Works

* Origen. Ein Beitrag zur Dogmengeschichte des dritten Jahrhunderts (Origen, A contribution to dogmatic history of the third century), (1837).
* Beiträge zur kirchlichen Christologie, (Contributions to church-based Christology), (1845).
* Christi Person und Werk, (Christ's person and work), (1852-1861).
* Das Bekenntnis der lutherischen Kirche von der Versöhnung, (1857).
* Die christliche Dogmengeschichte, (History of Christian dogma), (1874-1876).
# Giovanni Fagnano

Giovanni Francesco Fagnano dei Toschi (born 31 January 1715 in Senigallia, died 14 May 1797 in Senigallia) was an Italian churchman and mathematician, the son of Giulio Carlo de' Toschi di Fagnano, also a mathematician.

## Religious career

Fagnano was ordained as a priest. In 1752 he became canon, and in 1755 he was appointed archdeacon of the cathedral of Senigallia.

## Mathematics

Fagnano is known for Fagnano's problem, the problem of inscribing a minimum-perimeter triangle within an acute triangle. As Fagnano showed, the solution is the orthic triangle, whose vertices are the points where the altitudes of the original triangle cross its sides. Another property of the orthic triangle, also proven by Fagnano, is that its angle bisectors are the altitudes of the original triangle.
Fagnano also partially solved the problem of finding the geometric median of sets of four points in the Euclidean plane; this is the point minimizing the sum of its distances to the four given points. As Fagnano showed, when the four points form the vertices of a convex quadrilateral, the geometric median is the point where the two diagonals of the quadrilateral cross each other. In the other possible case, not considered by Fagnano, one point lies within the triangle formed by the other three, and this inner point is the geometric median. Thus, in both cases, the geometric median coincides with the Radon point of the four given points.
# Jimmy James Ross

James Albert Abraham (10 April 1936, Trinidad and Tobago – 21 March 2000, Wiekevorst, Belgium), known as Jimmy James Ross or Mel Turner, was a singer and composer mostly known for his 1981 disco hit in England, "First True Love Affair".
He joined the US Navy at a young age as a cook. Later in life, he took his mother's last name, Ross. During his teenage years in the navy, he quickly became known for his singing capabilities on board of the ship. Making extra money in local bars and clubs whenever they went ashore, Ross quickly got recognition for his talent.
Not long after leaving the navy, he made his way to Europe. Having lived in the U.K. and Germany, where he got married, he finally settled down in Belgium, where he lived for the rest of his life.
While living in Kasterlee-Lichtaart, he became friends with the singer-songwriter and amusement park owner Bobbejaan Schoepen and his family. He started to perform and record as "Mel Turner". He lived for many years in Bobbejaanland where he and Bobbejaan Schoepen worked together.
In April 1968, after the assassination of Martin Luther King Jr., Ross and Schoepen wrote the song "They Killed the King". It was intended to be a tribute to all peaceful defenders of equality, humanity, and freedom. The song was initially published on Bobbejaan Records on May 14, 1968, which was less than six weeks after King's assassination. In the wake of this tragedy, Turner and Schoepen decided to honor the memory of Martin Luther King Jr. by composing a new song. Later, it became also the opening track of Mel Turner's album, A Portrait of Mel Turner (1970).
One of his most notable achievements was the song "First True Love Affair" (composed by Luciano Ninzatti / Stefano Pulga [it], and Mel Turner), which reached number 7 on the dance music chart and number 90 on the US Billboard. Another successful song he produced was "Fall into a Trance" which had similarly achieved great success.
During the 1980s and 1990s, he moved back to Bobbejaanland to perform there most of the time.
In 1993, Ross was diagnosed with emphysema. After a long battle with the disease, he died on 21 March 2000 at the age of 63.
Beginning in April 2014, "They Killed A King" was released in Europe and across the US by Sam Moore.
# Kasokero orthonairovirus

Kasokero orthonairovirus is a species of virus in the genus Orthonairovirus. Its only known host is the fruit bat Rousettus aegyptiacus. The virus takes its name from the Kasokero Cave in Uganda, where it was first collected. It is likely pathogenic in humans.
# Stare Dobki

Stare Dobki is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Czerwin, within Ostrołęka County, Masovian Voivodeship, in east-central Poland. It lies approximately 5 kilometres (3 mi) north-east of Czerwin, 20 km (12 mi) south-east of Ostrołęka, and 100 km (62 mi) north-east of Warsaw.
# Carausius II

Carausius II is the name given by historians to a possible imperial usurper in Roman Britain between the years 354 and 358. The suggestion of Carausius' existence comes exclusively from the study of approximately twenty extant coins, all of which were found in the United Kingdom. No other evidence of Carausius II is known, although Roman Britain at the time was an unstable and dangerous place and pretenders to the throne were likely.
The first coin, found near modern-day Richborough, was published by Arthur J. Evans in 1887. Evans suggested that this coin, bearing the garbled legend DOMINO CARAVƧIO CEƧ, represented that of a junior emperor reigning sometime in the 5th century AD. Specifically, Evans suggested that Carausius II may have controlled Britannia while the incumbent Constantine III was in Hispania, suppressing the revolt of Gerontius and Maximus in 409 AD.
C. H. V. Sutherland was among the first to challenge Evan's suggestions, in 1945. All of the coins (five more similar coins had been discovered since Evan's publication) bore recreations of designs seen on Constantinian coinages, and none resembled official coinage of Constantine III. Furthermore, Sutherland noted that the imperial title of Caesar fell out of common usage following the reign of Julian, far before the suggested dating of 409 AD. Sutherland suggested that the usurpation of Carausius II may have occurred during or after the usurpation of Magnentius, when the incumbent Constantius II had lesser control over Britain.
C. E. Stevens expanded upon Sutherland's work in 1956, suggesting that Carausius' usurpation may have been similar to (or inspired by) that of Vetranio. He cited a single coin whose legend proved that Vetranio had declared himself Caesar in order to ally with Constantius II. John Kent refuted this claim in a paper published the following year, stating that the unique coin that Stevens had cited was not genuine.
It is still highly contested to what capacity, if at all, Carausius II existed. Coins bearing his inscription, or those stylistically related, can be dated with some certainty to between 354 and 358 A.D. Beyond this, no contemporary evidence for or against Carausius' existence has surfaced.
# Amelia Griffiths

Amelia Griffiths (1768–1858), often referred to in contemporary works as Mrs Griffiths of Torquay, was a beachcomber and amateur phycologist who made many important collections of marine algae specimens.

## Personal life

Amelia Warren Rogers was born 14 January 1768 in Pilton, Devon, UK. Her parents were John and Emily (née Warren) Rogers. She married Rev. William Griffiths, the vicar of St Issey, Cornwall, in 1794, but after his death, she moved her family of five children to Torquay. She died in Torquay on 4 January 1858.

## Collaboration and dedications

She corresponded with the botanist William Henry Harvey for many years, becoming a close friend. They met at Torquay in 1839.
Harvey dedicated his 1849 Manual of British Algae to her, and once wrote
   "If I lean to glorify any one, it is Mrs Griffiths, to whom I owe much of the little acquaintance I have with the variations to which these plants are subject, and who is always ready to supply me with fruits of plants which every one else finds barren. She is worth ten thousand other collectors."
Carl Adolph Agardh named Griffithsia in her honour in 1817.
One of her servants, Mary Wyatt, became involved in collecting and selling books of seaweeds as part of her business selling collectables and local souvenirs with assistance from Griffiths.

## Described species

Griffiths was the first to describe Ceramium agardhianum A.W.Griffiths ex Harvey 1841 (now C. deslongchampsii) and the species Ceramium botryocarpum in 1844. The standard author abbreviation A.W.Griffiths is used to indicate this person as the author when citing a botanical name.

## Collections

She collected a large number of specimens. Some were sent to other collectors or scientists while she mounted others in albums herself. After her death, her own herbarium became part of Torquay Museum and there are 3 albums of her specimens in Exeter's Royal Albert Memorial Museum. Others became part of the collections in the British Museum, including 780 British seaweeds purchased in 1852 and 880 specimens presented by the North Devon Athenaeum in 1917. She had also provided material to other collectors and these have also found their way into national collections. In addition, some are now within the Kew Herbarium. Her daughter, Amelia Elizabeth Griffiths (1802-1861), also collected seaweeds and some of her collections have been mistaken for those of her mother.
# Farahabad, Kashan

Farahabad (Persian: فرح اباد, also Romanized as Faraḩābād) is a village in Kuh Dasht Rural District, Neyasar District, Kashan County, Isfahan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 13, in 4 families.
# Pierre Cahuzac

Pierre Cahuzac (3 July 1927 – 31 August 2003) was a French football player and manager who played as a midfielder. As a manager, he led SC Bastia to the 1978 UEFA Cup Final.
His grandson Yannick Cahuzac is a professional footballer.
# Tat (ethnonym)

Tat is a historical ethnonym for various ethnic and social groups in the Caucasus, Crimea, and Iran.
Medieval Bavarian traveler Johann Schiltberger, who visited Crimea in 1396, mentioned that Islamized Goths inhabiting the mountains of southern Crimea were contemptuously designated as Tat (German: Thatt) by the Muslim Kipchaks dwelling the northern Crimean plains. Professor P. Brunn held that this term meant a "religious renegade" or a "conquered race" in the Turkic dialect, whereas the local Tat people were thought to be of heterogenous descent, mixed with the Greeks and the Genoese settlers. History professor Brian Glyn Williams links the root of the Crimean ethnonym with the term employed by the Caucasian Turkic peoples, namely the Karachays, Kumyks, and Balkars, for their non-Turkic neighbors, such as the Mountain Jews.
Although the term Tat continues to be utilized by Turkic groups in and around Azerbaijan (the region in Iran) for non-Turkic groups, a second meaning is also prevalent in Azerbaijan, where nomadic tribal groups, such as the Shahsevans, refer to their settled and non-tribal counterparts, who also speak the same Turkic language, as "Tat". Anthropologist Richard Tapper points out that despite great commonalities between the so-called Tats and the nomads, the latter speaks a Turkic dialect with less borrowings from other languages. While both of these two groups claim they follow more efficient and healthier lifestyles fueled by the lack of understanding of each other, Tats generally differ in valuing their "varied diet," strictly following the law, and observing more conservative religious practices. There is traditionally little interaction between them and the nomads apart from the practice that roughly one-tenth of nomads marry originally settled women and one-fifth of women from nomad groups marry into settled households.
# Karl Friedrich Stäudlin

Karl Friedrich Stäudlin (July 25, 1761 – July 5, 1826) was a German Protestant theologian born in Stuttgart.
He studied theology in Tübingen, and from 1790 was a professor of theology at the University of Göttingen, where remained for nearly 36 years. In 1803 he was appointed Consistorialrath.
He was an advocate of "rational Supranaturalism". His writings largely dealt with church history, moral theology and moral philosophy. On the latter subject, he was profoundly influenced by the work of Immanuel Kant.

## Selected publications

* Geschichte und Geist des Skeptizismus (History and spirit of skepticism), 1794.
* Kirchliche Geographie und Statistik (Religious history and statistics), 1804.
* Geschichte der philosophie und biblischen Moral (History of philosophy and Biblical morals), 1805.
* Geschichte der christlichen Moral (History of Christian morals), 1808.
* Geschichte der theologischen Wissenschaften (History of theological science), 1810–11.
* Geschichte des Rationalismus und Supernaturalismus (History of rationalism and supranaturalism), 1826.
# Sébastien Callamand

Sébastien Callamand (born 26 June 1985) is a French professional footballer who plays as a goalkeeper for PVFC Oyonnax, after having played for 15 years for Bourg-Péronnas.