OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Ivan Dvigubsky

Ivan Alekseevich Dvigubsky (Russian: Ива́н Алексе́евич Двигу́бский; 1771–1839) was a Russian naturalist, professor and rector of the Imperial University of Moscow.

## Biography

He was a student of the medical faculty of the Imperial Moscow University from 1793 to 1796). He was elected professor of the Imperial University of Moscow in 1804. He served as rector of the Imperial Moscow University from 1826 to 1833.
Dvigubski lectured in Russian and called on Russian scientists to write scientific works in Russian: "As long as the Russian language is not respected by Russians themselves, it will be difficult to produce anything better. When people write for Russians, but do not teach the sciences in Russian, where can one gain a knowledge of one's native language and attachment to it? In all Europe, perhaps, only Russia is not proud of her language..."
Dvigubsky published in 1828 the first study on the flora of the Moscow region, Flora of Moscow, or a Description of Wild Plants Growing in the Moscow Province, which included 924 species, as well as a short guide to wild plants in the vicinity of Moscow (An Easy Way to Recognize Wild Plants in the Fields of Moscow, first edition 1827, second edition 1838). He also wrote one of the first Russian physics textbooks (first edition 1808, third edition in two parts 1824-1825).
The standard author abbreviation Dwig. is used to indicate this person as the author when citing a botanical name.
# The Bees Army

The Bees Army or Geish al-Nahl (Arabic:جيش النحل), also called the "Electronic Bees", refers to an opposition movement aimed at confronting what the movement describes as Saudi Arabian government propaganda. The movement consisted of 600 members as of 2018 and was supported by Jamal Khashoggi, who was assassinated by agents of the Saudi government. In May 2021, the Saudi Arabian authorities commenced an arrest campaign to detain the people whom were claimed to be the members of the movement.

## Background

According to researchers and activists there is a "sprawling web of loyalist social media accounts", consisted of real people and bots, that get activated in favor of the Saudi Kingdom repeatedly in times of crisis. Marc Owen Jones, a researcher and lecturer at the University of Exeter who has followed the Saudi Kingdom's pro-government online activities since 2016 said that "a correlation between the amount of negative press coverage and the pace of their [online] activities" could be drawn. He described the pro-government group as working harder "when they're doing damage control." Saudi opposition activists have labeled these pro-government accounts as the "flies". As supervised by Saud Al-Qahtani, a close associate of Mohammed bin Salman. The Saudi troll farms would flood the Twitter accounts of journalists, activists, and others who were critical of the Saudi Arabian regime with harassment and "pro-regime propaganda", so influencing Saudi Twitter towards the government's desired agenda. Hence, the bees are referred to the accounts that confront these pro-Saudi accounts.
Journalist Jamal Khashoggi had announced the coming of the Bees on Twitter days before being assassinated. On 12 September 2018, he made an explicit reference to this online counter-movement on Twitter tweeting, "What do you know about bees."

## The movement

The movement is defined by Elias Groll as "a network of pro-democracy activists who would post and amplify one another’s messages about Saudi political issues." According to Omar Abdulaziz, a Saudi activist, the Bees would "talk about the dissidents, the political prisoners, freedom of speech, human rights." Abdulaziz said in an interview that Khashoggi had made a $5,000 donation to the Bees movement. He further explained that they had planned to buy SIM cards with Canadian and American numbers so that Saudis could use inside the Saudi Arabia kingdom "without fear of being exposed and punished." The first SIM cards were reportedly funded by Khashoggi.
Abdulaziz said he had received warnings from Saudi Arabia regarding the Bees. This movement is also described as "offering cyber protection to Saudi activists needing a safe platform to speak out in the oppressive Kingdom".

## In the media

The movement is described in the documentary The Dissident, directed by Bryan Fogel.

## Notable members

* Jamal Khashoggi
* Omar Abdulaziz
* Abdulrahman al-Khalidi
# SMK Kepong

Sekolah Menengah Kebangsaan Kepong (English: Kepong National Secondary School), is a public secondary school located in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. It was established in 1965.
# Shape of the Moon

Shape of the Moon (Dutch: Stand van de maan) is a 2004 Dutch/Indonesian documentary film directed by Leonard Retel Helmrich. The documentary was released on 24 November 2004 as the opening film of IDFA (International Documentary Festival Amsterdam).
The documentary is the continuation of Eye of the Day and follows again the family Sjamsuddin, consisting of three generations living in the slums of Jakarta, Indonesia.

## Writers

* Leonard Retel Helmrich
* Hetty Naaijkens-Retel Helmrich

## Awards

* VPRO IDFA Award for Best Feature-Length Documentary - Amsterdam International Documentary Film Festival
* Sundance World Documentary Award for Best Documentary - Sundance Film Festival
Muhammad Fiaz
# Jules de Burlet

Jules Philippe Marie de Burlet (French pronunciation:; 10 April 1844 – 1 March 1897) was a Belgian Catholic Party politician.

## Career

Born in Ixelles, de Burlet was educated as a lawyer. He practised law in Nivelles, where he made his home, and he served as mayor of the town from 1872 to 1891.
From 1884 he represented the Nivelles constituency in the Belgian Chamber of People's Representatives. In 1891 he became Interior minister and in 1894 he left the chamber and became a member of the Belgian Senate. At the same time he became the prime minister of Belgium until 1896. On leaving office he was made an honorary minister of State and served as Belgian ambassador to Portugal in 1896–1897.
He died in Nivelles in 1897.
# Al Shinan

27°10′41″N 42°26′35″E﻿ / ﻿27.178153°N 42.442967°E﻿ / 27.178153; 42.442967
Al Shinan (Arabic: الشنان) is one of the governorates in Ha'il Region, Saudi Arabia.
# LG Trax (CU575)

The LG CU575, also known as the Trax, is a 3G GSM/UMTS mobile phone carried by AT&T Mobility. It is designed to run on AT&T's UMTS frequencies of 850 and 1900 MHz. The phone features a slim design similar to the Motorola RAZR series, and also features external music controls and a microSD memory card slot supporting cards up to 4 GB. The phone is a replacement for the LG CU500.

## Launch

The LG CU575 was supposed to be released on June 17, 2007, but was delayed due to a software issue preventing some DRM enabled songs to be played. It was displayed at a holiday showcase two days later. The phone was eventually released on August 14, 2007 once the issues had been resolved. On launch it costed $130 after a mail-in rebate and signing a two-year contract.

## Features

The phone was designed as a multimedia and music phone and is compatible with AT&T's eMusic service, Napster, MobiTV, and XM Radio. It came with a music recognition application and allowed for playlists to be made on the phone itself.

## Reception

CNET gave the LG Trax a 7.0 out of 10, with points given to the lightweight design and wide variety of features, but criticizing the small keypad and music control touch pad.
# Youth Residential Complex

Youth Residential Complexes (Russian: молодёжный жилой комплекс, МЖК, MZhK) were housing projects intended for young families and constructed by their future tenants themselves, subsidized by industrial enterprises. This approach existed since 1971 and it was a mass movement until the dissolution of the Soviet Union. It was an attempt to alleviate the residential construction crisis in the late Soviet Union. Construction of Youth Residential Complexes continued in modern Russia, although based on a different business model, based on a market economy.
The first complex was built in Korolev City, one of Russian's naukograds (science cities).
# Dupeljne

Dupeljne (pronounced) is a small settlement in the hills north of Lukovica pri Domžalah in the eastern part of the Upper Carniola region of Slovenia.

## Name

Dupeljne was first attested in written sources in 1348 as Tewpplach (and in 1353 as zu dem Dupelnik). The old transcriptions are based on a locative plural form, probably based on the plural demonym *Dupljane. The name is derived from the Slovene common noun dupel 'hollow', referring to a local geographical feature.

## History

Dupeljne was mentioned in Johann Weikhard von Valvasor's 17th-century work The Glory of the Duchy of Carniola. He described the local people as speaking a slow dialect and being deliberate thinkers. During the Second World War, locals from Dupeljne helped care for wounded Partisan soldiers and supplied the Partisans' Triglav Hospital (a.k.a. Luk Hospital, Slovene: Lukova bolnica) near Kolovec. On 13 December 1942, German forces attacked a detachment of Partisans from Kamnik between Kolovec and Dupeljne, who then withdrew to Dupeljne.

## Notable people

Notable people that were born or lived in Dupeljne include:
* Jakob Grčar (1889–1966), journalist and singer
# Noyelle

Noyelle may refer to:

## Places

* Arboretum de Tigny-Noyelle, an arboretum located in Tigny-Noyelle
* Noyelle-Vion, a commune in the Pas-de-Calais department in the Hauts-de-France region of France.
* Tigny-Noyelle, a commune in the Pas-de-Calais department in the Hauts-de-France region of France.

## People

* André Noyelle (1931–2003), a road racing cyclist from Belgium.
* Charles de Noyelle (1615–1686), a Belgian Jesuit priest.
* Francis de Noyelle (1919–2017), French ambassador to Nepal between 1980 and 1984
# Meknes Chamber of Traditional Artisanship

The Meknes Chamber of Traditional Artisanship (Arabic: غرف الصناعة التقليدية بمكناس) is a Moroccan government organization charged with the promotion of traditional Moroccan handicrafts though the training of artisans and craftsmen in the Meknes-Tafilalet region. Although the main campus is located in the city of Meknes, there are four satellite campuses spread around the region in Hajeb, Ifrane, Khenifra and Rashidiyya.

## Activities

The Chamber provides training in many of the traditional Moroccan handicrafts including: woodcarving, carpet making, decorative iron working, leather tanning, pottery, and traditional garment making.

### Examples of the Chamber's Activities

* Painted Woodwork
* Traditional Moroccan Fountain
* Detail of wood carving
* A carpenter at the Chamber with an example of his work
# Robert Freeman (pastor)

Robert Freeman (born 1878, Edinburgh, Scotland) was a Scottish-American clergyman.
After engaging in mission work in Pennsylvania and New York for four years, he was ordained in the Baptist ministry in 1900; thereafter he held various pastorates until 1910. He was moderator of the Synod of California in 1920–21.
During the War he directed the first expeditionary division of the YMCA and in 1917-18 was director of religious work in France.
Other offices which he filled are director of the San Francisco Theological Seminary and trustee of Occidental College.
He is the author of The Hour of Prayer (1914) and The Land I Live In (1921).

## Sources

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Gilman, D. C.; Peck, H. T.; Colby, F. M., eds. (1905). New International Encyclopedia (1st ed.). New York: Dodd, Mead. {{cite encyclopedia}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
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# Yuri of Ryazan

Yury or Yuri Ingvarevich (Russian: Юрий Ингваревич; died December 21, 1237) also known as Yuri Igorevich, was Grand Prince of Ryazan from 1235 until his death in 1237 during the siege of Ryazan as part of the Mongol invasions.

## Life

According to The Tale of the Destruction of Ryazan, after receiving the envoys of Batu Khan in December 1237, he sent his son Fedor to negotiate with Batu, but the envoys were massacred for their defiance, the first Russian martyrs of the Mongol invasion of Rus'.
After sacrificing his son in defense of his homeland, Prince Yuri led his army in the Battle of Voronezh River and finally perished during the destruction of Ryazan. He was succeeded by his nephew Ingvar Ingvarevich, who reigned until 1252.

## In popular culture

He is a supporting character in the Russian historical fantasy film Furious (2017). He is played by Russian actor Aleksei Serebryakov.
# Bank of Iraq

Bank of Iraq (Arabic: مصرف العراق) is an Iraqi bank, formerly known as Iraqi Socialist Bank. It was founded in 1991 and it is the smallest of the state-owned banks with four branches. Total assets were $8.4 million as of 2003.
# Anatoly Aleksin

Anatoly Georgievich Aleksin (Russian: Анато́лий Гео́ргиевич Але́ксин; original surname Goberman, Russian: Гоберман; 3 August 1924 in Moscow, Russian SFSR – 1 May 2017 in Luxembourg City, Luxembourg), was a Soviet, Russian and Israeli writer and poet.
In the late thirties Aleksin's poems were published in a children's newspaper, Pionerskaya Pravda. In 1950 he graduated from the Moscow Institute of Oriental Studies and his first novel Thirty one day (Тридцать один день) was published. He was a chairman of the Russian Federation Union of Writers from 1970 to 1989 and a member of the editorial board in of the literature journal Yunost. He also wrote the book titled "Secret of the Yellow House". Aleksin lived in Israel from 1993 until 2012. Then he moved to Luxembourg, where he lived until his death.
# Brouckerque

Brouckerque (French pronunciation:; from Dutch: Broekkerke meaning "marsh church") is a commune in the Nord department in northern France.

## Heraldry

| Arms of Brouckerque | The arms of Brouckerque are blazoned : Argent, on a fess sable, 3 cinqfoils Or. |
# Garghabazar Caravanserai

Garghabazar caravanserai (Azerbaijani: Qarğabazar karvansarayı) is a historic monument of XVII century. It is located in Garghabazar village, of Fuzuli District, in Azerbaijan.

## History

Sometimes referred as Shah Abbas caravansarai, the building dates from 1681 and it sits on a hill at Garghabazar village. The architect of the monument is unknown, since any inscriptions have been destroyed.

## Architectural features

According to its architectural style, Garghabazar caravanserai is similar to architectural traditions of Albanian period.
The plan and architectural style of the caravanserai is made obedient to the general design by solving centered axis symmetrically. It consists of two large-sized camel stalls, two small rooms for guards on the right and left sides, 6 square-shaped rooms for caravanserai owner and merchants. The importance of these rooms is also reflected in the fact that they are built at the highest point of relief. Two high pavements were planted in front of these rooms according to their functions and relief.
The width of the caravanserai is 23.67 meters in width and 34.70 meters in length. The main mass of the monument was built of unhewn stone. It is in a rectangular shape with a corner cut. On left and right sides of the entrance, in front of guard rooms, there are two large flagstones. It is considered that guards used to stand on those flagstones. The doors of the rooms are opening to a medium-sized balcony. The balcony is decorated 3 semicircular piers.
There are special sewer lines in both halls of the caravanserai where camels were kept. This proves once again that in the Karabakh monarchy, sewage issues were still very much focused since ancient times.
# Garnet Wood

Garnet Barrington Wood (1 July 1888 – 3 January 1952) was an Australian politician who served as a Country Party member of the Legislative Council of Western Australia from 1936 until his death. He was a minister in the government of Ross McLarty.

## Early life

Wood was born in Fremantle, Western Australia, to Mary Louisa (née Whitfield) and Barrington Clarke Wood. His father, who died when he was 15, was also a member of parliament and government minister. Wood attended Hale School, Perth, and after graduating worked for a period as an accountant for Western Australian Government Railways. He moved to MarribankCarrolup (in the Great Southern) in 1912, and later farmed at Narrogin and York. Wood was elected to the York Road Board in 1932, and would serve until 1951.

## Politics and later life

Prominent in agricultural circles, Wood was elected to the Legislative Council at the 1936 election, defeating Herbert Yelland in East Province. He was re-elected in 1944, and in January 1948 was made an honorary minister in the ministry of Ross McLarty, with responsibility for agriculture and the North-West. Wood's constituency was abolished at the 1950 election, and he successfully transferred to Central Province. Later in the year, in October 1950, he was given a substantive position in the ministry, becoming Minister for Agriculture.
Wood died in office in January 1952, while attending a cabinet meeting in Perth, and was granted a state funeral. He had married twice, to Gillian Richardson in 1917 and to Eveline Parker in 1925, having two daughters by each marriage. His first wife was the daughter of Alexander Richardson, who was also an MP.
# Karl Rouillier

Karl Franzevich Rouillier or Rul'e (Russian: Карл Францович Рулье; 20 April 1814 – 21 April 1858) was a French-origin zoologist, geologist, paleontologist and professor who introduced ideas and approaches to understanding evolution in Russia, questioning the paradigm of the time of species being fixed and unchanging from the time of Biblical Creation.

## Life and work

Rouillier was born in Nizhny Novgorod to a French shoemaker and his wife, Anna Yakovlevna who worked as a midwife. He studied medicine in Moscow where his teachers included Fischer von Waldheim, and Iustin Dyadkovsky (1784–1841). He graduated and became a military doctor in 1833. In 1840 he became a professor of zoology at the Moscow University.
From 1842 he began to teach paleontology using material in the museum at Moscow University. In order to make the collections more useful, he began to obtain new material from the Moscow region. He found different faunas at different locations and separated the new fossils according to the ages that he assigned based on strata. He also suggested that were changes in climatic conditions at different time. He followed the work of Jean-Baptiste Lamarck and Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, accepting the inheritance of acquired characters, but differed in postulating the idea of extinction of species. Rouillier was a good public orator and gave lectures to the general public. Because he came against scripture, he was censured by the Tsarist government. He also clashed with another geologist Ivan Auerbach who initially attacked Rouillier under a pseudonym. Rouillier edited the journal Vestnik estestvennykh nauk (bulletin of natural sciences) which was produced by the Moscow Society of Naturalists from the 1850s. This journal would carry one of the earliest summaries of Darwin's publication. Darwin had never heard of Rouillier or his works.
Rouillier was among the first to obtain fossils of a supposed bryozoan from the Moscow Jurassic. He however identified it as a placoderm fish and gave the name Bothriolepis jurensis Rouillier, 1847. Later, Trautschold thought it was a sea urchin and called it Rhabdocidaris remus Trautschold, 1861. Still later it was identified as a part of a fossil shark Asteracanthus granulosus by Karl Eduard von Eichwald in 1865.
# Zaratha mesonyctia

Zaratha mesonyctia is a moth of the family Elachistidae. It is found in Bolivia.
# Bassam Kanj

Bassam Kanj (1965–2000) was a Lebanese-American Islamist militant. one of four men, along with Mohamad Elzahabi, Nabil al-Marabh and Raed Hijazi, who met each other at the Khalden training camp during the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan. Although the four men each went their separate ways following the war, in 1998 they were all working as cab drivers in Boston, Massachusetts, the first three of them all working for the same company.
Kanj was born in Lebanon in 1965. He first moved to the United States in 1984, marrying an American woman and becoming a naturalized citizen. He thereafter travelled to Afghanistan to fight with the mujahideen in the Soviet–Afghan War. He returned to the United States in 1995, moving to Boston where he took work as a cab driver.
He returned to Lebanon around 1997, where he founded a group of the radical Islamist Takfir wal-Hijra movement. He was killed by Lebanese soldiers around the new millennium in 2000, while leading up to 300 Islamists in attacks against the Lebanese Army.
# Aliabad, Chenarud

Aliabad (Persian: علي اباد, also Romanized as ‘Alīābād) is a village in Chenarud-e Jonubi Rural District, Chenarud District, Chadegan County, Isfahan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 92, in 21 families.
# Hanzaleh

Hanzaleh (Persian: حنظله, also Romanized as Ḩanz̧aleh) is a village in Neysan Rural District, Neysan District, Hoveyzeh County, Khuzestan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 118, in 14 families.
# Muhammed K. Abubakar

Muhammed K. Abubakar (born 19 October 1959) was appointed Nigerian Minister of Science and Technology on 6 April 2010, when acting president Goodluck Jonathan announced his new cabinet.
Abubakar was born on 19 October 1959 at Zuru in Kebbi State. He studied biochemistry at Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria where he earned a B.Sc. in 1982 and an M.Sc. in 1989. In 1994 he earned a Ph.D. in biochemistry from the University of Essex in the United Kingdom. He has held administrative positions in government, and teaching positions at Usmanu Danfodiyo University.
After being inaugurated as Minister of Science and Technology on 6 April 2010, Abubakar said that his ministry would be concerned about translating scientific ideas into production.
# The Exchange (1952 film)

The Exchange (German: Der Weibertausch) is a 1952 West German comedy film directed by Karl Anton and starring Viktor Staal, Carola Höhn, and Gertrud Kückelmann. It was made at the Bavaria Studios in Munich. The film's sets were designed by the art director Hans Sohnle.

## Plot

While drunk, a farmer agrees to exchange his wife for a prize breeding bull for several days.

## Cast

* Viktor Staal as Simon Gigl
* Carola Höhn as Rosl Lanner
* Gertrud Kückelmann as Urschi Holler
* Karlheinz Böhm as Lorenz Holler
* Rudolf Platte
* Heinrich Gretler as Bürgermeister
* Erika von Thellmann as Ochsenwirtin Genoveva
* Rudolf Vogel as Resch
* Paula Braend as Frau Bürgermeister
* Bum Krüger as Adlatus
* Margarete Haagen as Tante Angermeyer
* Rosemarie Ziegler as Vroni
* Liesl Karlstadt as Fuchsin
* Ernst Waldow as Ausrufer der Schaubude
* Hermann Pfeiffer as broadcast reporter
* Elfie Pertramer as Betty
* Walter Sedlmayr
* Ulla Torp as Salima
* Waldemar Frahm