OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Rotimi Babatunde

Rotimi Babatunde is a Nigerian writer and playwright.

## Biography and education

Rotimi Babatunde was born in Ado-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria, where he attended St. Joseph's Nursery and Primary School before going on to secondary education at the Federal Government College, Odogbolu, and subsequently to Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife.
Rotimi Babatunde lives in Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria.

## Works

His published work includes poems and stories in anthologies, including Little Drops, A Volcano of Voices and Die Aussenseite des Elementes. Babatunde's plays have been presented at institutions such as London's Institute of Contemporary Arts, the Swedish National Touring Theatre and the Halcyon Theatre, Chicago, as well as being broadcast on the BBC World Service. His other works includes:
* An Infidel In The Upper Room, Royal Court Theatre Downstairs, London (reading), 2006.
* The Bonfire of the Innocents (Elddopet), Riksteatern, Stockholm, 2008.
* A Shroud For Lazarus, Halcyon Theatre, Chicago, 2009.
* Feast, Young Vic Theatre, 25 January 2013.

## Award and Prizes

Babatunde won the Meridian Tragic Love Story Competition (hosted and organized by the BBC World Service). He is also a winner of the AWF Cyprian Ekwensi Prize for Short Stories.
His next work is a novel on choice, migration and love. His short story "The Collected Tricks of Houdini" was longlisted for the 2015 Sunday Times EFG Private Bank Short Story Award, the richest prize in the world for a single short story.
In 2012, Babatunde won the Caine Prize for African Writing for "Bombay’s Republic", a short story about a Nigerian soldier who is enlisted to fight as an allied soldier in Burma during the Second World War. Chosen from five shortlisted options, the story was described by chair judge Bernardine Evaristo as
   ...ambitious, darkly humorous and in soaring, scorching prose exposes the exploitative nature of the colonial project and the psychology of independence.
In April 2014 Babatunde was named in the Hay Festival's Africa39 project as one of the 39 Sub-Saharan African writers under the age of 40 with the potential and the talent to define the trends of the region.
# Moradabad, Kahnuj

Moradabad (Persian: مراداباد, also Romanized as Morādābād) is a village in Nakhlestan Rural District, in the Central District of Kahnuj County, Kerman Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 262, in 55 families.
# Shidi

Shidi (Persian: شيدي) is a village in Chaybasar-e Sharqi Rural District of the Central District of Poldasht County, West Azerbaijan province, Iran.

## Demographics
### Population

At the time of the 2006 National Census, the village's population was 820 in 167 households, when it was in the former Poldasht District of Maku County. The following census in 2011 counted 1,000 people in 228 households, in the time the district had been separated from the county in the establishment of Poldasht County. The rural district was transferred to the new Central District. The 2016 census measured the population of the village as 881 people in 215 households. It was the most populous village in its rural district.
# Stanislav Batishchev

Stanislav Mikhailovich Batishchev (Russian: Станислав Михайлович Батищев, 1940 – 22 May 2011) was a Soviet heavyweight weightlifter. Between 1966 and 1973 he won four European silver medals and three bronze medals at world championships. In 1970 he set a world record in the press. His career was hindered by severe competition within the Soviet Union, primarily with Vasily Alekseyev and Leonid Zhabotinsky.
# Sahar, Yemen

Sahar (Arabic: سحر Saḥar) is a village in Sanhan District of Sanaa Governorate, Yemen. It is located in the 'uzlah of Wadi al-Ajbar.

## History

According to the 10th-century writer al-Hamdani, Sahar was part of the land given to the Banu Shihab by the Al Dhi Yazan. He also noted that it had a dam at the time of his writing.

## Climate

Sahar has a cold, semi-arid climate, with most rainfall occurring in winter. The Köppen-Geiger climate classification is BSk. The average annual temperature in Sahar is 15.4 °C (59.7 °F). About 281 mm (11.06 in) of precipitation falls annually.
Climate data for Sahar :
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 21.5 (70.7) | 23.6 (74.5) | 24.9 (76.8) | 24.2 (75.6) | 25.1 (77.2) | 27.6 (81.7) | 25.6 (78.1) | 25.1 (77.2) | 24.4 (75.9) | 21.6 (70.9) | 19.6 (67.3) | 20.1 (68.2) | 23.6 (74.5) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 2.0 (35.6) | 2.3 (36.1) | 6.1 (43.0) | 7.5 (45.5) | 9.5 (49.1) | 9.5 (49.1) | 12.5 (54.5) | 12.5 (54.5) | 9.9 (49.8) | 7.3 (45.1) | 4.6 (40.3) | 3.6 (38.5) | 7.3 (45.1) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 6 (0.2) | 5 (0.2) | 16 (0.6) | 48 (1.9) | 34 (1.3) | 6 (0.2) | 55 (2.2) | 82 (3.2) | 14 (0.6) | 2 (0.1) | 8 (0.3) | 5 (0.2) | 281 (11.1) |
| Source: Climate-Data.org, Climate data ||||||||||||||
# Elizabeth Safrit

Elizabeth Safrit Bull (born May 27, 1992) is an American model and beauty pageant titleholder who was crowned Miss United States 2014. She then represented her country at Miss World 2014 where she placed 2nd Runner-up. Safrit holds a degree in political science from the University of South Carolina and a master's degree from Georgetown University. In 2017, Safrit became the National Director of the United States franchise for the Miss World competition. In 2019, she married Charlie Bull in Lake Nona, Florida.
# Lavan Airport

Lavan Island Airport (IATA: LVP, ICAO: OIBV) (Persian: فرودگاه لاوان) is a regional airport located near the city of Lavan, Hormozgan Province, in south of Iran. The airport is using by Iran Ministry of Petroleum for transferring of employees of Iran Oil Company.

## Airlines and destinations

| Airlines | Destinations |
| Karun Airlines | Ahvaz, Isfahan, Shiraz, Tehran–Mehrabad |
| Saha Airlines | Shiraz, Tehran–Mehrabad |
# Mushaima

Mushaima (Arabic: مشيمع) is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Ahmed Mushaima, Bahraini footballer
* Ali Abdulhadi Mushaima (1989–2011), young Bahraini who Monday 14 February 2011, the "Bahraini Day of Rage", became the first fatality of the Bahraini Uprising
* Hasan Mushaima (Arabic: حسن مشيمع) is an opposition leader in Bahrain and the secretary-general of the Haq Movement
* Mohammed Mushaima (c.1988–2012), Shia Bahraini political activist
# Cheshmandegan-e Majid

Cheshmandegan-e Majid (Persian: چشمندگان مجيد, also Romanized as Cheshmandegān-e Majīd) is a village in Chenarud-e Shomali Rural District, Chenarud District, Chadegan County, Isfahan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 203, in 46 families.
# Sar Ziarat, Alborz

Sar Ziarat (Persian: سرزيارت, also Romanized as Sar Zīārat) is a village in Adaran Rural District, Asara District, Karaj County, Alborz Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 249, in 76 families.
# Ayoub Al-Mas

Ayoub Al-Mas (Arabic: أيوب الماس; born December 15, 1978) is an Emirati former swimmer, who specialized in sprint freestyle events. Al-Mas competed for the United Arab Emirates in the men's 50 m freestyle at the 2000 Summer Olympics in Sydney. He received a ticket from FINA, under a Universality program, in an entry time of 24.11. He challenged seven other swimmers in heat three, including two-time Olympians Howard Hinds of the Netherlands Antilles and Emin Guliyev of Azerbaijan. Racing on the outside lane, he faded down the stretch to pick up a fourth seed in 24.91, a small fraction outside his entry standard. Al-Mas failed to advance into the semifinals, as he placed fifty-sixth overall in the prelims.
# Nasreddine Shili

Nasreddine Shili (Arabic: نصر الدين السهيلي) is a Tunisian actor, director, writer and producer.

## Filmography
### Director
#### Cinema
##### Feature films

* 2012 : Amère patience (Suçon)
* 2018 : Subutex

##### Short films

* 2008 : Boutelisse
* 2010 : Chak-Wak

#### Television

* 2015 : Le Risque
* 2022 : Hab El Mlouk
* 2022: The Wooden Boat

### Actor
#### Cinema

* 2004 : Le Prince by Mohamed Zran
* 2011 : Love and fresh water (Short films) by Ines Ben Othman

#### Television

* 2003 : Ikhwa wa Zaman by Hamadi Arafa
* 2005 : Café Jalloul by Lotfi Ben Sassi, Imed Ben Hamida and Mohamed Damak : Yahia
* 2006 : Hayet Wa Amani by Mohamed Ghodhbane
* 2008-2014 : Maktoub by Sami Fehri and Mehrez Ben Nfisa
* 2012 : Onkoud El Ghadhab by Naïm Ben Rhouma
* 2014 : Naouret El Hawa (season 1) by Madih Belaïd
* 2015 : Le Risque by Nasreddine Shili
* 2019 : Wlad Hlal by Nasreddine Shili
* 2023 : Djebel Lahmar by Rabii Tekali: Lamine Fetoui alias Lima

#### Theater

* 2002 : Le Fil, texte by Gao Xingjian and director by Mohamed Driss

## Producer

* 2013 : Un Retour by Abdallah Yahya (documentary)
* 2013 : Heureux le martyr by Habib Mestiri ( documentary on Chokri Belaïd)
* 2015 : Tounes by Ahmed Amine Ben Saad (theater play)
# Plain leaf warbler

The plain leaf warbler (Phylloscopus neglectus) is a species of Old World warbler in the family Phylloscopidae. It is found in Afghanistan, Bahrain, India, Iran, Oman, Pakistan, Russia, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, United Arab Emirates, and Uzbekistan.
Its natural habitat is temperate forests.
# Khadijo Mohamed Diriye

Khadijo Mohamed Diriye (Somali: Khadiijo Maxamed Diiriye, Arabic: خديجة محمد ديري; 2 April 1964 – 20 December 2023) was a Somali politician. From January 2014 to January 2015, she served as the Minister of Women and Human Rights of Somalia. As of March 2017, she served as the Minister of Youth and Sports in the Cabinet of Prime Minister Hassan Ali Khaire.

## Minister of Women and Human Rights
### Appointment

On 17 January 2014, Diriye was appointed Minister of Women and Human Rights by Prime Minister of Somalia Abdiweli Sheikh Ahmed. She succeeded Maryam Qassim in the position.

### London summit

In June 2014, Diriye attended a global summit on women in London on behalf of the Federal Government of Somalia. She took the opportunity to showcase the Somali government's new national action plan against sexual violence. The initiative was launched in conjunction with Somalia's constituent regional administrations and local civil society groups.

### National Action Plan

In August 2014, Diriye announced that the Ministry of Women and Human Rights had completed a new national action plan on human rights. To this end, she indicated that her office was finalizing a National Child Protection Policy, with AMISOM providing support. The Somali authorities were also in the process of synchronizing the country's laws with regional and international human rights instruments and conventions. Additionally, Diriye stated that the Somali federal government would ratify the African Charter on the Rights and Welfare of the Child.
As part of the initiative, the Ministry of Women and Human Rights in December 2014 organized a public awareness campaign in Mogadishu on the importance of human rights and how citizens can ensure their protection. It also completed legislation on a new Human Rights Commission bill.

#### End of term

On 27 January 2015, Diriye's term as Minister of Women and Human Rights of Somalia ended, following the appointment of a new Cabinet by Prime Minister Omar Abdirashid Ali Sharmarke. She was succeeded at the position by Sahra Mohamed Ali Samatar.

## Death

Diriye died in Djibouti on 20 December 2023, at the age of 59.
# George Jamaloodin

George Ranjit Mohamed Jamaloodin was Curaçao's first Minister of Finance after Curaçao obtained the status of country (Dutch: land) upon the dissolution of the Netherlands Antilles on 10 October 2010. In the 2010 general election leading up to obtaining the status of country he was placed third on list of Movement for the Future of Curaçao (MFK), led by Gerrit Schotte, who became Curaçao's first prime minister. He was initially sentenced to 28 years for fraud and "provoking" murder. On appeal, the sentenced was increased to 30 years.

## Criminal charges and convictions

On 24 July 2014, Jamaloodin was arrested, according to sources of NOS in relation with the murder of Sovereign People (PS) politician Helmin Wiels on 5 May 2013. Shortly thereafter he started a hunger strike to protest against his detention. On 6 August 2014 Jamaloodin was released while remaining a suspect. In 2016 Jamaloodin and Elmer Wilsoe filed a lawsuit to be struck off as suspects in the case. The request was denied by a judge in October 2016. He was convicted on 15 August 2019 for fraud during his term as a minister of Finance and "provoking" the Wiels' murder after that term. The sentence was appealed at the Joint Court of Justice of Aruba, Curaçao, Sint Maarten, and of Bonaire, Sint Eustatius and Saba. On 8 March 2021, he was sentenced to 30 years without deduction of time spent in Venezuelan detention.
# Jafarov

Jafarov (masculine, Azerbaijani: Cəfərov, "(son) of Cəfər"; Russian: Джафаров) and Jafarova (feminine) is an Azerbaijani surname. Its russified form is Dzhafarov. The surname may refer to the following notable people:

## Jafarov

* Aghashirin Jafarov (1906–1984), Azerbaijani Red Army starshina
* Asaf Jafarov (1927–2000), Azerbaijani landscape painter
* Elnur Jafarov (born 1997), Azerbaijani footballer
* Galib Jafarov (born 1978), Kazakh boxer of Azerbaijani descent
* Kamal Jafarov
* Mammad Yusif Jafarov (1885–1938), Azerbaijani statesman
* Rasul Jafarov (born 1984), Azerbaijani lawyer and prominent human rights defender
* Rza Jafarov (born 2003), Azerbaijani football player
* Saidjamshid Jafarov
* Vagif Jafarov (1949–1991), Azerbaijani politician
* Zaur Jafarov

## Jafarova

* Matanat Jafarova (born 1986), Azerbaijani former footballer
* Nazrin Jafarova (born 1997), Azerbaijani tennis player
# Supersymmetry breaking

In particle physics, supersymmetry breaking or SUSY breaking is a process via which a seemingly non-supersymmetric physics emerges from a supersymmetric theory. Assuming a breaking of supersymmetry is a necessary step to reconcile supersymmetry with experimental observations.
Superpartner particles, whose mass is equal to the mass of the regular particles in supersymmetry, become much heavier with supersymmetry breaking. In supergravity, this results in a slightly modified counterpart of the Higgs mechanism where the gravitinos become massive.
Supersymmetry breaking is relevant in the domain of applicability of stochastic differential equations, which includes classical physics, and encompasses nonlinear dynamical phenomena as chaos, turbulence, and pink noise. Various mechanisms for this breaking have been discussed by physicists, including soft SUSY breaking and types of spontaneous symmetry breaking.

## Supersymmetry breaking scale

The energy scale where supersymmetry breaking takes place is known as the supersymmetry breaking scale. In the scenario known as low energy supersymmetry, in which supersymmetry fully solves the hierarchy problem, this scale should not be far from 1000 GeV, and therefore should be accessible using the Large Hadron Collider and future accelerators.
However, supersymmetry may also be broken at high energy scales. Nature does not have to be supersymmetric at any scale.
# Paulus Hochgatterer

Paulus Hochgatterer (born 16 July 1961) is an Austrian writer and psychiatrist. He is the author of several novels and story collections. One of his novels called Die Süsse des Lebens won the EU Prize for Literature. It was translated into English as The Sweetness of Life by Jamie Bulloch.
# Alois Hotschnig

Alois Hotschnig (born 3 October 1959) is an Austrian writer, whose stories have been described as having "the weird, creepy, and ambiguous quality of disturbing dreams". He first studied medicine, then German and English in Innsbruck. He was winner of the Erich Fried Prize in 2008, the Anton Wildgans Prize in 2009, and shortlisted for the Jan Michalski Prize for Literature in 2010. He lives as a freelance author in Innsbruck.

## Works

* Aus (in German). Frankfurt: Luchterhand Literaturverlag. 1989. ISBN 978-3-63086-692-5.
* Eine Art Glück (in German). Frankfurt: Luchterhand Literaturverlag. 1990. ISBN 978-3-85218-935-2.
* Leonardos Hände (in German). Hamburg: Luchterhand Literaturverlag. 1992. ISBN 978-3-63086-794-6.
* Absolution (in German). Köln: Kiepenheuer & Witsch. 1994. ISBN 978-3-46202-358-9.
* Leonardo's Hands. Translated by Peter Filkins. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press. 1999. ISBN 978-0-80322-387-5.
* Ludwigs Zimmer (in German). Köln: Kiepenheuer & Witsch. 2000. ISBN 978-3-44272-898-5.
* Die Kinder beruhigte das nicht (in German). Köln: Kiepenheuer & Witsch. 2006. ISBN 978-3-46203-685-5.
* In Sitzen läuft es sich besser davon (in German). Köln: Kiepenheuer & Witsch. 2009. ISBN 978-3-46204-137-8.
* Midi, soir et matin (in French). Maren Sell. 2009. ISBN 978-2-35580-082-5.
* Maybe This Time. Translated by Tess Lewis. London: Peirene Press. 2011. ISBN 978-0-95628-405-1.
* Ludwig's Room. Translated by Tess Lewis. Chicago: Seagull Books. 2014. ISBN 978-0-85742-204-0.
# Kangaran

Kangaran (Persian: Kangarān, also Romanized as Kangaran) is a village in Kuh Panah Rural District, in the Central District of Tafresh County, Markazi Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 182, in 70 families.
# Susan Mokotoff Reverby

Susan Mokotoff Reverby (born 1946) is a Wellesley College professor. She has written on the Tuskegee syphilis experiment and she uncovered the syphilis experiments in Guatemala.

## Biography

Susan Mokotoff was 14 when she became interested with history at Middletown High School. "I dragged my mother to Philadelphia to see where Benjamin Franklin lived," said Reverby. "I always knew: You had to go to the source."
Mokotoff received a B.S. degree in Industrial and Labor Relations/Labor History from Cornell University in 1967, an M.A. in American Civilization from New York University in 1973, and a Ph.D. in American Studies from Boston University in 1982. She joined Wellesley in 1982. From 1993–1997 she served as the consumer representative on the U.S. Food and Drug Administration’s Obstetrics and Gynecology Devices Advisory Panel.
Her 1987 book Ordered to Care: The Dilemma of American Nursing, 1850-1945 won the Lavinia L. Dock Award from the American Association for the History of Nursing.

## Published works

* 1979: Health Care in America: Essays in Social History (with David Rosner)
* 2020: Co-conspirator for Justice: The Revolutionary Life of Dr. Alan Berkman
# Quzanlı

Quzanlı (Guzanly) is a village and the most populous municipality in the Aghdam District of Azerbaijan. It has a population of 13,002. The municipality consists of the villages of Guzanly, Birinji Guzanly, Eyvazly, Chullu, and Imamgulubeyli.
Since 2009 Guzanly has been cited as the rather unlikely home to one of Azerbaijan's top football clubs, FK Qarabagh. The team had been based in Baku from 1993 ever since being forced to leave Aghdam where they were originally based. The total depopulation and continued occupation of that city meant that Guzanly, being in the unoccupied sector of Aghdam District, was about as near as they could get to a full "return home".

## Notable natives

* Rovshan Huseynov — National Hero of Azerbaijan.

## Archaeology

A settlement belonging to the Eneolithic period was discovered in Guzanly.
The surface materials of the monument are divided into two groups. The first group was made of clay with a mixture of sand, with hand, rather rough. Traces of a comb-like tool were preserved on some of them, and the edges of some of them were decorated with scratches.
The second group of ceramics was made of clay with a mixture of plants and baked in red color, sometimes covered with green slip and decorated with black color. These greenish ceramics are similar to Ubaid period ceramics.
The quadrangular buildings discovered during the excavation were divided into several parts by partitions. On the remains of this building, it was determined that there are remains of circular pottery spheres with a diameter of 1 m.
Some of the vessels were made on the potter's wheel.
The ceramics of Leyla-Tape (Leyla-Tepe, Leyla-Tepe culture) differ completely from those of Kultepe-1 and Shomutape in terms of their advanced form and quality, and seem to indicate an intermediate stage between the Eneolithic culture and the Kura–Araxes culture.
# Tatlı, Yüksekova

Tatlı (Kurdish: Bîyan) is a village in the Yüksekova District of Hakkâri Province in Turkey. The village is populated by Kurds of the Pinyanişî tribe and had a population of 23 in 2023.

## Population

Population history from 2007 to 2023:
# Cercidiphyllum japonicum

Cercidiphyllum japonicum, known as the Katsura (from its Japanese name カツラ, 桂), is a species of flowering tree in the family Cercidiphyllaceae native to China and Japan. It is sometimes called caramel tree for the light caramel smell it emits during leaf fall. It is also sometimes called candyfloss tree because of the scent.

## Description

The tree is deciduous and grows to 10–45 meters tall, with a trunk diameter of up to 2 meters (rarely more).
The shoots are dimorphic, with long shoots forming the structure of the branches and short shoots being born from their second year onward. The leaves are produced in opposite pairs on long shoots and singly on short shoots; they have a 1.4–4.7 cm petiole, and are rounded with a heart-shaped base and a crenate margin. Leaves on short shoots are larger, 3.7–9 cm long and 5–8.3 cm broad, and those on long shoots smaller, being 3.2–4.5 cm long and 1.9–3.2 cm broad. The leaves turn a variety of pinks and yellows in autumn and sometimes have a distinctive caramel scent when in fresh autumn colors. The flowers are inconspicuous and produced in early spring among the opening leaves, with male and female flowers on separate plants (dioecious). The fruit is a cluster of two to four follicles 1–1.8 cm long and 2–3 mm wide with each follicle containing several winged seeds.

## Status

The species is listed as endangered in China, but overall when Japanese populations are included C. japonicum is classified as being lower risk. The Chinese populations were sometimes distinguished in the past as Cercidiphyllum japonicum var. sinense Rehder & E.H.Wilson, but this is now generally regarded as not distinct from the species.

## Cultivation

Katsura is a popular ornamental tree in Japan as well as elsewhere. In Japan, it is also grown for its timber, which is used for construction and woodworking.
Several different cultivars are grown, including 'Aureum', 'Heronswood Globe', and 'Ruby'. The following have gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit (confirmed 2017):
* C. japonicum
* C. japonicum 'Heronswood Globe'
* C. japonicum f. pendulum

## Gallery

* Leaves
* Female flowers
* Male flowers
* Immature fruit
* Dehisced fruits
* Cercidiphyllum japonicum 'Morioka Weeping' Arnold Arboretum of Harvard University
# Nicolae Zamfir (wrestler)

Nicolae Zamfir (born 26 July 1958) is a Romanian wrestler. He competed in the men's Greco-Roman 57 kg at the 1984 Summer Olympics.
# List of universities in Fiji

This is a list of universities in Fiji.
* University of the South Pacific (Suva)
* University of Fiji (Lautoka)
* Fiji National University (Suva)
# Kalashem-e Bala

Kalashem-e Bala (Persian: كلاشم بالا) is a village in Molla Sara Rural District of the Central District of Shaft County, Gilan province, Iran.

## Demographics
### Population

At the time of the 2006 National Census, the village's population was 1,928 in 523 households. The following census in 2011 counted 2,058 people in 633 households. The 2016 census measured the population of the village as 1,732 people in 595 households. It was the most populous village in its rural district.
# Motor Barnaul

Motor Barnaul (Russian: Мотор Барнаул) was an ice hockey team in Barnaul, Russia.

## History

The club was founded in 1959 as the successor club to Spartak Barnaul, which had been founded in 1954. In Soviet times, Barnaul participated in various lower-level leagues.
In the 1998–99 season the club participated in the second-level league organized by the Ice Hockey Federation of Russia. From 1999-2006, the club participated in the second-level Russian league, the Vysshaya Liga.
The club was dissolved due to financial problems in 2006. It was replaced by Altai Barnaul, which currently competes in the third-level Russian league, the Pervaya Liga.