OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Mirabad, Darmian

Mirabad (Persian: ميراباد, also Romanized as Mīrābād; also known as Amīrābād and Kalāteh-ye Amīrī) is a village in Qohestan Rural District, Qohestan District, Darmian County, South Khorasan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 25, in 7 families.
# Mian Rah-e Jaber

Mian Rah-e Jaber (Persian: ميان راه جابر, also Romanized as Mīān Rāh-e Jāber; also known as Jāber and Mīānrāh) is a village in Dustan Rural District, Badreh District, Darreh Shahr County, Ilam Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 112, in 24 families. The village is populated by Kurds.
# Sečje Selo

Sečje Selo (pronounced; Slovene: Sečje selo) is a settlement on the left bank of the Kolpa River west of Vinica in the Municipality of Črnomelj in the White Carniola area of southeastern Slovenia. The area is part of the traditional region of Lower Carniola and is now included in the Southeast Slovenia Statistical Region.
# Eslamabad, Oshnavieh

Eslamabad (Persian: اسلام اباد, also Romanized as Eslāmābād; also known as Khānlar and Salāmābād) is a village in Oshnavieh-ye Shomali Rural District, in the Central District of Oshnavieh County, West Azerbaijan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 296, in 52 families.
# Karyakino, Vladimir Oblast

Karyakino (Russian: Карякино) is a rural locality (a village) in Vtorovskoye Rural Settlement, Kameshkovsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 21 as of 2010.

## Geography

Karyakino is located 34 km southwest of Kameshkovo (the district's administrative centre) by road. Nesterkovo is the nearest rural locality.
# Padmanath Bhattacharya

Padmanath Bhattacharya (Bengali: পদ্মনাথ ভট্টাচার্য; 1868-1938) was an Indian historian. His works generally centred on the ancient Kamrup region. The Padmanath Vidyabinod Memorial Awards are named after him.

## Early life and education

Bhattacharya was born in 1868, to a Hindu family in the village of Baniachong in Sylhet district, Bengal Presidency (now part of Bangladesh). The neighbourhood where he was born is now known as Vidyabhushan Para.
He passed his matriculation examinations in 1880, topping the scores across the newly-established North-East Frontier (Assam) province. He then completed his Bachelor of Arts with honours from Dacca College in 1890, having studied English, Sanskrit and philosophy. In recognition of Bhattacharya's talent, he was conferred the titles of Swaraswati and Vidyavinod. In 1892, he completed a Master of Arts in English.

## Career

Bhattacharya started his career as a professor at the Murari Chand College in Sylhet where he taught English, Sanskrit, logic and history. He later joined the Assam Secretariat, and was appointed as the Deputy Inspector of the Province's Surma Valley Division in 1897. In 1901, he was promoted as a Governmental Censor Superintendent. From there, Bhattacharya joined the Guwahati College as professor of Sanskrit and History. The government awarded him the title of Mahamahopadhyaya (Great Professor). In 1911, he founded the Vangiya Anusandhan Samiti which led to many discoveries with regards to the history of South Asia. Bhattacharya also defended criticisms of Bengali Muslims, in addition to his own community. His article, Bhranti Nirash, was a response to Prafulla Chandra Ray's Bangali Mastisker Apabyabahar which attacked Hinduism and the Hindu society. Bhattacharya was also supportive to other researchers in the field, and was known to have donated five thousand takas in 1910 to fund Achyut Charan Choudhury's Srihatter Itibritta series.
Bhattacharya became a leading Sanskrit scholar in the Assam Province. He was regularly involved in the discovery and deciphering of numerous Kamarupa inscriptions, such as the Nidhanpur copperplate inscription. He was also the first academic to write a scholarly article on the Sylhet Nagri script, and has also researched about Shashanka and the Gauda Kingdom. Bhattacharya served as a professor in Cotton College and was one of the founding members of Kamarupa Anusandhan Samiti. He was critical and dissatisfied with Gait's perception of historical events and processes of Assam, and his interpretations, constructed meaning and political undertone in his works.

## Authored works

Bhattacharya's notable works are Parshuramkunda O Badarikashrama Paribhramana (1914), Kamarupa Shasanavali (1931), Ramakrishna-Vivekananda Prasanga (1924) and Mr. Gait's History of Assam: A Critical Study. He has also written articles that can be found in Epigraphia Indica vol. XII, as well as for the Sahitya Parisad Patrika. In 1931, he submitted his collection of 37 Bhatta poems and biographies of Bhatta poets to the Srihatta Sahitya Parishad.

## Death

Bhattacharya died in his own home in Baniachong.
# Smolewo-Wieś

Smolewo-Wieś is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Szulborze Wielkie, within Ostrów Mazowiecka County, Masovian Voivodeship, in east-central Poland. It lies approximately 4 kilometres (2 mi) south of Szulborze Wielkie, 24 km (15 mi) east of Ostrów Mazowiecka, and 102 km (63 mi) north-east of Warsaw.
# Paul Dienstbach

Paul Dienstbach (born 10 October 1980 in Giessen) is a German rower. He has competed for Germany in the World Rowing Championships.
# Çaytepe, Genç

Çaytepe (Kurdish: Valêre) is a village in the Genç District, Bingöl Province, Turkey. The village is populated by Kurds of the Ziktî tribe and had a population of 609 in 2021.
The hamlets of Derezel, Dikistasyonu, Düşmalan and Kırnik are attached to the village.
# Mahizan-e Olya

Mahizan-e Olya (Persian: ماهيزان عليا, also Romanized as Māhīzān-e ‘Olyā; also known as Māhīzān and) is a village in Helilan Rural District, Helilan District, Chardavol County, Ilam Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 167, in 38 families. The village is populated by Laks
# Confederación de Trabajadores de Venezuela

The Confederación de Trabajadores de Venezuela (CTV, English: Confederation of Workers of Venezuela) is a federation of labor unions in Venezuela.

## History

The union federation has been a consistent and key opponent of Venezuelan President Hugo Chávez. In the year 2001, two years after his first election to President, Chávez's government ordered the union federation to undertake its first-ever direct leadership elections. Although the Supreme Court refused to certify the results, the winner Carlos Ortega assumed the presidency. The International Labour Organization (ILO) and International Confederation of Free Trade Unions (ICFTU) condemned Chávez's interference in the affairs of free trade unions.
In 2002 and 2003, the CTV received funding from the United States' National Endowment for Democracy via the American Center for International Labor Solidarity.
In 2003, a new union federation, the Unión Nacional de Trabajadores de Venezuela (UNT, National Union of Workers) was started by people in the labor movement who supported Chávez. Some unions disaffiliated with the CTV and affiliated with the UNT.
# Bahaddin Gaziyev

Bahaddin Gaziyev (Azerbaijani: Bahəddin Həziyev; born 28 April 1965) is an Azerbaijani journalist and editor-in-chief of the opposition newspaper Bizim Yol ("Our Way") in Azerbaijan. He is also the deputy chairman of the Azerbaijan Popular Front Party (APFP). He worked for the radio "Liberty" and many newspapers.

## Attacked

On 18 May 2006, he was beaten by five unknown men in two cars, they blocked him while he was driving home, dragged him out of his car, and took him to the outskirts of Baku, where they beat him unconscious. His leg was broken in several points. Local residents took him to hospital. After one year of intensive medical care he returned to work. The Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe office in Baku condemned the attack.
# Peter Gorewski

Peter Gorewski (born 25 February 1944) is a German former sports shooter. He competed at the 1972 Summer Olympics and the 1976 Summer Olympics for East Germany.
# Metcalf Bowler

Metcalf Bowler (1726—September 24, 1789) was a Rhode Island merchant, politician, and magistrate. He was for many years speaker of the house in the Rhode Island colonial assembly, attended the 1754 Albany Congress, and was elected a delegate to the 1765 Stamp Act Congress. In 1776 he was appointed to the newly independent state's supreme court. A successful Atlantic merchant, he was financially ruined by the American Revolutionary War, and was in the 20th century revealed to be a paid informant for the British.

## Life

Metcalf Bowler was born in 1726 in London, England. In the 1740s he came with his father to North America, where he established himself in the Atlantic trade based in Newport, Rhode Island. His success in trade made him one of the Rhode Island colony's wealthiest men. He is frequently credited as being responsible for the introduction of the Rhode Island Greening apple as part of his merchant business and horticultural interests. He was supposedly responsible for its early propagation and distribution from his estate in Portsmouth. In 1750 he married Ann Fairchild, daughter of Major Fairchild, another prominent Newport merchant.
He attended one session of the 1754 Albany Congress, at which the idea of colonial union was discussed. During the French and Indian War at least one ship in which he had an interest, the Defiance was commissioned as a privateer. He was chosen to represent the colony at the Stamp Act Congress that met in October 1765 to formulate a united statement by the colonies against the provisions of the Stamp Act, the first attempt by the British Parliament to tax the colonies directly. He sat as a judge on the panel that investigated the Gaspée Affair.
He served for many years in the colonial assembly, and was its speaker from 1767 to 1776. He served as an associate justice of the Rhode Island Supreme Court from May 1768 to June 1769, and from June 1770 to August 1776, and as chief justice from August 1776 to February 1777. When Rhode Island declared its independence from Great Britain, Bowler was among the signatories. He remained active in state government, serving on its committee of secret correspondence. When the British occupied Newport in December 1776 Bowler was forced from his Portsmouth estate, and fled to Providence. There he operated a dry goods store and later a boarding house. He died in Providence in 1789, and is interred at St. John's Cemetery in Providence.

## Unmasked as informer

In the late 1920s, when an extensive cataloging of the papers of General Sir Henry Clinton was undertaken, correspondence was found in which Bowler was revealed to be a paid informer for the British at the same time that he was being hailed as an American Patriot. This change of heart was apparently made in an attempt to prevent the plundering of his properties in and around Newport following the British occupation. It is not known whether he gave the British any useful intelligence.
# Pasvikdalen

Pasvikdalen (Russian: Долина реки Паз) is a valley in Norway and Russia. The Norwegian side of the valley belongs to Sør-Varanger Municipality in Finnmark county and the Russian side is located in the Pechengsky District in Murmansk Oblast. The valley contains large areas of pine forests, and more than 100 square kilometres (39 sq mi)) of the valley is included inside the Øvre Pasvik National Park in Norway (in the southern part of the valley). The Øvre Pasvik Landscape Protection Area is also located in the valley, outside of the park.
The valley was traditionally inhabited by Sami people. The river Pasvikelva runs through the valley (giving it the name) and the river defines part of the Norway–Russia border. The southern part of the valley is also the location of the Treriksrøysa, the point where the borders of Norway, Finland, and Russia meet.

## History

The middle of the 1930s on the Norwegian side of the valley, was "a time with homesteading and colonization of the valley, as part of a political desire to mark Norwegian sovereignty in the area. To make the valley attractive as a tourist destination, an observation tower was erected at the highest point of the area, 96 meters above sea level. At the top of the tower [on "hill 96"] there was a restaurant run by ["Sør-Varanger tourist association"] Sør-Varanger turistforening".

### 1968 border incident

In the early hours of 7 June 1968, the three soldiers who were at the (Norwegian) border observation tower at ["hill 96"] 96-høyden outside Svanvik (Norway) (no), observed that 14 Soviet tanks simultaneously were pointing their barrels at Norwegian border observation posts when some of the tanks opened fire—apparently with blanks; the staging of tanks near the border was against Soviet—Norwegian treaties, because no advance notification has occurred; along the Soviet-Norwegian border the Soviets mobilized one infantry division supported by paratroopers and warplanes, including 70 T-54 tanks and 400 other vehicles with sights pointed at Norwegian targets.
# Krylovsky

Krylovsky (Russian: Крыловский; masculine), Krylovskaya (Крыловская; feminine), or Krylovskoye (Крыловское; neuter) is the name of several rural localities in Russia:
* Krylovsky, Bolkhovsky District, Oryol Oblast, a settlement in Yamskoy Selsoviet of Bolkhovsky District of Oryol Oblast
* Krylovsky, Dmitrovsky District, Oryol Oblast, a settlement in Druzhensky Selsoviet of Dmitrovsky District of Oryol Oblast
* Krylovsky, Volgograd Oblast, a khutor in Mirny Selsoviet of Novonikolayevsky District of Volgograd Oblast
* Krylovskaya, Arkhangelsk Oblast, a village in Minsky Selsoviet of Ustyansky District of Arkhangelsk Oblast
* Krylovskaya, Krylovsky District, Krasnodar Krai, a stanitsa in Krylovsky Rural Okrug of Krylovsky District of Krasnodar Krai
* Krylovskaya, Leningradsky District, Krasnodar Krai, a stanitsa in Krylovsky Rural Okrug of Leningradsky District of Krasnodar Krai
* Krylovskaya, Vologda Oblast, a village in Klimushinsky Selsoviet of Verkhovazhsky District of Vologda Oblast
# Smuniew

Smuniew is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Repki, within Sokołów County, Masovian Voivodeship, in east-central Poland. It lies approximately 13 kilometres (8 mi) south-east of Sokołów Podlaski and 96 km (60 mi) east of Warsaw.
# Siege of Anzele

The siege of Anzele took place in 1580 and was a military conflict between the Kingdom of Portugal and the Kingdom of Ndongo.

## Background

Paulo Dias de Novais, with weak and reduced forces, abandoned the Cuanza and took refuge in Anzele, in a fort, built between the Bengo and Cuanza rivers, approximately 10 to 12 leagues from Luanda. There he was surrounded by a large Ngola army.

## Siege

The governor was surrounded for several days by 12,000 Ndongo soldiers. The Portuguese had about 60 soldiers and around 200 African Christians. Despite being heavily outnumbered, they managed to defeat Ngola’s soldiers.

## Aftermath

After losing, the Ngola warriors fled and came to ask the governor for peace. However, the governor decided not to accept peace because he believed the Ngola were deceitful, including their king. Instead, he planned to attack them again with a larger force of about 80 men and requested help from the King of Congo, who promised to send support. The King of Congo also intended to personally lead a large army to help the governor destroy the Ngola forces.
# El jinete negro

El jinete negro is a 1961 Mexican film directed by Rogelio A. González. A western parody with an early appearance by Mauricio Garcés, it was one of three ranchera comedies that year by González based on screenplays by Janet Alcoriza (formerly Raquel Rojas) and Fernando Galiana. The other two were El buena suerte and Paloma brava.
# Stomatorhinus

Stomatorhinus is a genus of small elephantfish in the family Mormyridae.

## Species

There are currently 13 recognized species in this genus:
* Stomatorhinus ater Pellegrin, 1924 (Kidada mormyrid)
* Stomatorhinus corneti Boulenger, 1899 (Stanley Pool mormyrid)
* Stomatorhinus fuliginosus Poll, 1941 (Mosongolia mormyrid)
* Stomatorhinus humilior Boulenger, 1899 (Ibali mormyrid)
* Stomatorhinus ivindoensis Sullivan & Hopkins, 2005 (Biale Creek mormyrid)
* Stomatorhinus kununguensis Poll, 1945 (Kunungu mormyrid)
* Stomatorhinus microps Boulenger, 1898 (Boma mormyrid)
* Stomatorhinus patrizii Vinciguerra, 1928 (Buta mormyrid)
* Stomatorhinus polli Matthes, 1964 (Ikela mormyrid)
* Stomatorhinus polylepis Boulenger, 1899 (Isangila mormyrid)
* Stomatorhinus puncticulatus Boulenger, 1899 (Chiloango mormyrid)
* Stomatorhinus schoutedeni ,Poll, 1945 (Schouteden's mormyrid)
* Stomatorhinus walkeri (Günther, 1867) (Walker mormyrid)
# Col de Jambaz

The Col de Jambaz is a mountain pass in the Chablais Alps in the Haute-Savoie department of France. It lies at the entrance to the province of Faucigny, in the Bellevaux commune, near the village of Jambaz, at an elevation of 1,027 metres (3,369 ft).
# Borom-e Pain

Borom-e Pain (Persian: برم پائين, also Romanized as Borom-e Pā'īn; also known as Borowm) is a village in Dasht-e Abbas Rural District, Musian District, Dehloran County, Ilam Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 470, in 68 families. The village is populated by Arabs.
# 71-608

The 71-608 (in colloquial language KTM-8) is a Russian motor four-axle high-floor tramcar. These rail vehicles are produced by Ust'-Katav Vagon-building plant (UKVZ, УКВЗ, Усть-Катавский Вагоностроительный Завод имени С. М. Кирова - Russian abbreviature and full name). "KTM" means Kirov Motor Tramcar (Russian: Кировский Трамвай Моторный). This abbreviature was producer's official trademark before 1976, when new designation system for tram and subway rolling stock was introduced in the Soviet Union. After official abandoning KTM trademark it still lives in everyday conversations of Russian tram workers and enthusiasts.

## Types

* 71-608 - two prototypes from 1988, used in Tver and Moscow. Withdrawn.
* 71-608K - standard model 1991-1993
* 71-608 km - standard model 1993 - 2000s

## Gallery

* 71-608 km model 2004 tramcar in Nizhny Novgorod, Russia. Car from last batches, interior similar to 71-619K model
* 71-608 in Perm
* 71-608 in Dnipro
# Gavrilsevo

Gavrilsevo (Russian: Гаврильцево) is a rural locality (a village) in Penkinskoye Rural Settlement, Kameshkovsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 10 as of 2010.

## Geography

Gavrilsevo is located 25 km southwest of Kameshkovo (the district's administrative centre) by road. Neverkovo is the nearest rural locality.
# Keim

Keim may refer to:

## People
### In arts and media

* Adelaide Keim, American actress
* Betty Lou Keim, American actress
* Claire Keim, French actress and singer
* De Benneville Randolph Keim, American journalist and diplomat
* Loren Keim, American author

### In government, law, and military

* August Keim, German military officer
* De Benneville Randolph Keim, American journalist and diplomat
* George May Keim, American congressman
* Stephen Keim, Australian lawyer
* William High Keim, American congressman

### In science and academia

* Daniel A. Keim, German computer scientist
* Donald Keim, American economist
* Karl Theodor Keim, German theologian
* Wilhelm Keim, German chemist

### In sport

* Andreas Keim, German footballer
* Jenny Keim, American swimmer
* Mike Keim, American football player
* Steve Keim, American football player

## Places

* Keim Homestead, a historic farm
* Keim Peak, in the Usarp Mountains of Antarctica

## Other uses

* Keim's process, a technique of fresco preparation and painting
* Cell (music), concept in German music theory
# Heather Douglas (philosopher)

Heather Douglas (born March 21, 1969) is a philosopher of science best known for her work on the role of values in science, science policy, the importance of science for policymaking, and the history of philosophy of science. Douglas is a Professor in the Department of Philosophy at Michigan State University. She formerly held the Waterloo Chair in Science and Society at the University of Waterloo, and taught at University of Pittsburgh, University of Tennessee, and University of Puget Sound. She is the author of Science, policy and the value-free ideal (2009), an influential book on the way that values do and should influence science in the context of policy.

## Life and career

Heather Douglas received her PhD in History and Philosophy of Science (HPS) at the University of Pittsburgh in 1998. She taught at the University of Puget Sound from 1998-2004 as the Phibbs Assistant Professor of Science and Ethics. Douglas worked at University of Tennessee from 2004-2011, where she was promoted from Assistant Professor to Associate Professor in 2008. In 2012, Douglas became the Waterloo Chair in Science and Society at the University of Waterloo, where she was also Professor at the Balsillie School of International Affairs until 2018. Douglas is a member of SRPoiSE, The Consortium for Socially Relevant Philosophy of/in Science and Engineering.

## Selected bibliography

* "Science, policy and the value-free ideal". Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania: University of Pittsburgh Press. 2009. ISBN 978-0-8229-6026-3.
* "Inductive risk and values in science" (2000), Philosophy of Science 67 (4), 559-579
* "The irreducible complexity of objectivity" (2004), Synthese 138 (3), 453-473
* "Bullshit at the Interface of Science and Policy: Global Warming, Toxic Substances, and Other Pesky Problems" (2006), in "Bullshit and Philosophy: Guaranteed to Get Perfect Results Every Time", Gary L. Hardcastle, George A. Reisch (eds). ISBN 9780812696110, Open Court Publishing.
* "Science, Values, and Democracy: The 2016 Descartes Lectures" (2021), Ted Richards (ed.) ISBN 9780999587799, Consortium for Science, Policy & Outcomes, Arizona State University.
* "The role of scientific expertise in democracy" (2021), Michael Hannon, Jeroen de Ridder (eds) ISBN 978-0-367-34590-7, The Routledge Handbook of Political Epistemology, Routledge.
# Paul-Lincke-Ufer

Paul-Lincke-Ufer is a street in Berlin running along the Landwehr Canal in the Kreuzberg quarter of the city. The street runs from Kottbusser Brücke all the way to the Treptow Canal. Opposite it is the Maybach Ufer where the Turkish Market takes place on Tuesday, Friday and some Saturdays.

## History

The street came into being with the creation of the Landwehr Canal, a parallel channel to the Spree river dug in 1845–1850. It was named Kottbusser Ufer until 1946 when it was named after Paul Lincke, the composer of operettas and songs such as "The Glow-Worm" and of the unofficial anthem of the city, "Berliner Luft".
The street was part of the American Sector of West Berlin. It became part of the most important Turkish community in Berlin.
Nearly all the buildings on the bank survived the destruction of World War II and therefore represent an important architectural monument to early 20th-century architecture of Berlin.
Notable people associated with the canal include Rosa Luxemburg, who was murdered and thrown into the canal. Notable buildings include at Paul-Linke-Ufer 20-22, a listed building from 1929, a former electricity substation designed by architect Hans Heinrich Müller. Due to the combination of Industrial and Gothic elements, the building became known as the "Cathedral of Electricity". The Bernstein piano factory lies just behind the Paul-Lincke-Ufer.
The current postcode is 10999, though it used to be SO36, which is also the name of a club in the area.

## Places and buildings of interest

* Umspann Werk
* Boule Platz