OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Kamal Amer

Kamal Amer (Arabic: كمال عامر; 13 June 1942 – 4 March 2021) was an Egyptian politician and military commander.

## Biography

Amer was trained at the Egyptian Military Academy and Nasser Military Academy. During his military career, Amer ascended to the role of Commander of the Third Army. President Hosni Mubarak appointed him Director of Military Intelligence, a position he held until 1997. From 9 July 1997 to 21 November 1999, he was Governor of the Matrouh Governorate. He then served as Governor of the Aswan Governorate from 31 October 1999 until 17 July 2001. From December 2012 to June 2013, he served in the Shura Council.
Kamal Amer died of COVID-19 in Cairo on 4 March 2021.
# Elasmosoma

Elasmosoma is a genus of insects belonging to the family Braconidae.
The species of this genus are found in the Northern Hemisphere.

## Selected species

* Elasmosoma bakeri Ashmead, 1895
* Elasmosoma berolinense Ruthe, 1858
* Elasmosoma calcaratum Tobias, 1986
* Elasmosoma depressum van Achterberg & Koponen, 2003
* Elasmosoma luxemburgense Wasmann, 1909
* Elasmosoma michaeli Shaw, 2007
* Elasmosoma obscuripennis (He, Chen & van Achterberg, 1997)
* Elasmosoma pallidipennis (He, Chen & van Achterberg, 1997)
* Elasmosoma pergandei Ashmead, 1895
* Elasmosoma petulans Muesebeck 1941
* Elasmosoma schwarzi Ashmead, 1895
* Elasmosoma taiwanense Chou, 1985
* Elasmosoma trichopygidium Belokobylskij, 2000
* Elasmosoma vigilans Cockerell, 1909
# Anvar Afandiyev

Anvar Afandiyev (Azerbaijani: Ənvər Zəkəriyyə oğlu Əfəndiyev) is an Azerbaijani military officer, serving as the lieutenant general in the Azerbaijani Armed Forces. He is the Commander of the Azerbaijani Land Forces and a Deputy Minister of Defence of Azerbaijan. He had taken part in the 2020 Nagorno-Karabakh war.

## Early life

Anvar Afandiyev was born on 18 November 1965, in the village of Qaşqaçay, in the Qakh District of the Azerbaijan SSR, which was then part of the Soviet Union. Until 1983, he studied at Qaşqaçay Village Secondary School. In the same year, he entered the Baku Higher Combined Arms Command School.

## Military service

In 1987, after successfully completing his military education, he was appointed as a platoon commander in the Kyiv Military District within the Soviet Army. During this period, he went to Chernobyl for three months in 1988 to participate in the recovery efforts after Chernobyl disaster. From 1989 to 1992, he served as a division commander and battalion deputy chief of staff for Soviet troops stationed in the Mongolian People's Republic. He has been serving in the Azerbaijan Army since 1992 when the Republic of Azerbaijan restored its independence.
From the beginning of his service in the Azerbaijan Army, he directly participated in the First Nagorno-Karabakh War as a regimental commander in the Aghdam. He graduated from the War College in 1999, and the Turkish Military Academy in 2000. From 2005 to 2008, the deputy chief of the Training and Education Center of the Azerbaijan Armed Forces, and from 2013 to 2015, he served as a battalion commander at the Azerbaijan Higher Military School as well as the Chief of Staff of the Barda Corps. On the 25th anniversary of the modern armed forces in June 2016, he was awarded the military rank of major general. From 2015 to June 2020, he served as the head of the Department of Combat Training of the Ministry of Defense.

## Karabakh war and army commander

When the Second Nagorno-Karabakh War began, he participated in battles as the commander of the 6th (Reserve) Army Corps. By the decree of the President Ilham Aliyev on July 23, 2021, Major General Anvar Afandiyev was appointed as the first commander of the Ground Forces of the Azerbaijan Armed Forces. That November, he became a Lieutenant General.
# Derinsu, Adıyaman

Derinsu (Kurdish: Şêxan) is a village in the Adıyaman District, Adıyaman Province, Turkey. The village is populated by Kurds of the Kawan tribe and had a population of 210 in 2021.
The hamlet of Oruçlu is attached to the village. The village is 25 km away from the city of Adıyaman.
# Kurdish News Network

Kurdish News Network (KNN) (Kurdish: کەی ئێن ئێن), is a Kurdish language news television network founded in 2008 by Nawshirwan Mustafa, the leader of the Change Movement political party. It is operated by the Wusha Corporation and based in Sulaymaniyah.

## Programmes

* News - Covering the top Kurdish and international news stories
* Headlines - A brief overview of the main news stories
* Business - Financial news
* Markets - News on the world stock markets and commodity prices
* Press - A look at the front pages of various titles every morning
* Sport - Top sports stories
* Weather - forecasting
* Interview - An interview with a noted individual
* Debate - A head-to-head debate
* Parliament - News about the Kurdish Parliament
* Comment - Interviews with thinkers, innovators and opinion leaders
# Clare Melinsky

Clare Melinsky (born 1953) is an artist, printmaker, and illustrator who lives in Scotland. She is particularly known for her linocut illustrations.

## Early life and education

Melinsky studied Theatre Design at the Central School of Art and Design.

## Career

Melinsky's work has been featured in several sets of commemorative Royal Mail stamps. She has designed book covers for forty Penguin Books Shakespeare editions.
Melinsky provided linocut illustrations for a 2010 set of signature editions of J.K. Rowling's Harry Potter series.
Melinsky also used linocuts to illustrate the poetry collection Poems to Perform, as well as several gardening books. Her linocut images are influenced by artists Edward Bawden and Eric Ravilious, as well as Hanga Japanese prints.
# Hufel-e Gharbi

Hufel-e Gharbi (Persian: هوفل غربي, also Romanized as Hūfel-e Gharbī; also known as Hoofol, Howfel, and Hūfel) is a village in Allah-o Akbar Rural District, in the Central District of Dasht-e Azadegan County, Khuzestan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 1,081, in 156 families.
# Starotitarovskaya

Starotitarovskaya (Russian: Старотитаровская) is a rural locality (a stanitsa) in the Temryuksky District of Krasnodar Krai, Russia. Population: 12,164 (2010 Census); 12,193 (2002 Census).
# Zbelovska Gora

Zbelovska Gora (pronounced) is a settlement in the Municipality of Slovenske Konjice in eastern Slovenia. It lies in the hills above the right bank of the Dravinja River. The area is part of the traditional region of Styria. The municipality is now included in the Savinja Statistical Region.

## Zbelovo Castle

On a hill north of the settlement above the Dravinja are the ruins of a 12th-century castle known as Zbelovo Castle. It was first mentioned in written documents dating to the 13th century and was in ruins by the late 17th century.

## Church

A Gothic pilgrimage church of the Mother of God stands at Mount Ljubično (Slovene: Ljubična gora). It belongs to the Parish of Zreče and dates to the late 15th century, with a bell tower built in 1627. The interior furnishings are from the 18th century.
# Babil Stadium

Babil Stadium (Arabic: ملعب بابل, romanized: Malʿab bābl) is a football stadium that is currently under construction in Babil, Iraq. It will primarily serve as the new home stadium of Babylon SC and Al-Qasim SC. The stadium will cost 116.212 billion IQD, funded entirely by Iraqi government. It is located in the neighborhood of Al Hillah, in Babil Governorate, home to what is left of the ancient city of Babylon. It will seat 32,200 spectators. The stadium was originally scheduled to open in early 2014, but due to financial crises, construction has been put on hold multiple times. As of February 2022, the stadium is yet to be completed.

## Design

The project consists of a sports complex of 225 hectares, containing a football stadium for 32,200 spectators, two training fields, a four star hotel and parking areas. The main football stadium includes cafés, restaurants, changing rooms, VIP areas and spectator boxes. The venue designed by Javier Garcia Alda was initially to have single-tiered stands, but final layout will see it with two tiers. It does not have an athletics track, allowing spectators to enjoy an optimal visual experience. The design of the stadium is an contrast of the latest technologies and the traditional Arabic culture reflected through the combination of functional structures and ornamental patterns which create a new harmony. The design complies with FIFA requirements.
# Logduz

60°00′N 44°44′E﻿ / ﻿60.000°N 44.733°E﻿ / 60.000; 44.733
Logduz (Russian: Ло́гдуз) is a rural locality (a village) in Babushkinsky District of Vologda Oblast, Russia, located on the Sharzhenga River, 370 kilometers (230 mi) from Vologda, the administrative center of the oblast. Population: about 300 (2002 est.). The telephone code for Logduz is 81745.
The name of the village originates from the Logduz River, a left tributary of the Sharzhenga.
Administratively, it serves as the administrative center of Logduzsky Selsoviet, one of the fifteen selsoviets into which the district is administratively divided. Municipally, it is the administrative center of Logduzskoye Rural Settlement.
# Hambok

Hambok (Arabic: همبك) is a village in western Eritrea. It is located in Gogne District in the Gash-Barka region.
Nearby towns and villages include Kieru (16.7 nm), Ad Casub (10.6 nm), Markaughe (6.5 nm), Bisha (6.8 nm), Adi Ali Bakit (11.1 nm), Attai (7.4 nm), Abaredda (7.8 nm) and Mescul (6.3 nm).
# NA-43 Tank-cum-Dera Ismail Khan

NA-43 Tank-cum-Dera Ismail Khan (این اے-43، ٹانک-کم-ڈیرہ اسماعیل خان) is a constituency for the National Assembly of Pakistan. The constituency was created in 2023 by merging Tank District with parts of Dera Ismail Khan District. Dawar Khan Kundi is the incumbent parliamentarian from the constituency, following the 2024 Pakistani general election.

## Members of Parliament
### 2018–2023: NA-37 Tank

| Election | Election | Member | Party |
| | 2018 | Asad Mehmood | MMA |

### 2024–present: NA-43 Tank-cum-Dera Ismail Khan

| Election | Election | Member | Party |
| | 2024 | Dawar Khan Kundi | SIC |

## 2018 general election

General elections were held on 25 July 2018.
General election 2018: NA-37 Tank :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| | MMA | Asad Mehmood | 28,504 | 37.27 | |
| | PTI | Habibullah Khan | 16,599 | 21.70 | |
| | Independent | Dawar Khan Kundi | 13,569 | 17.74 | |
| | Independent | Ghulam Badshah | 9,262 | 12.11 | |
| | Others | Others (nine candidates) | 8,548 | 11.18 | |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 79,967 | 44.21 | |
| Total valid votes | Total valid votes | Total valid votes | 76,482 | 95.64 | |
| Rejected ballots | Rejected ballots | Rejected ballots | 3,485 | 4.36 | |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 11,905 | 15.57 | |
| Registered electors | Registered electors | Registered electors | 180,872 | | |
| | MMA gain from PTI | MMA gain from PTI | MMA gain from PTI | MMA gain from PTI | MMA gain from PTI |

## 2024 general election

General elections were held on 8 February 2024. Dawar Khan Kundi won with 64,575 votes.
General election 2024: NA-43 Tank-cum-Dera Ismail Khan :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| | Independent | Dawar Khan Kundi | 64,575 | 38.70 | 17.00 |
| | JUI (F) | Asad Mehmood | 64,020 | 38.36 | N/A |
| | TLP | Muhammad Ramzan | 19,985 | 11.98 | N/A |
| | Others | Others (nineteen candidates) | 18,301 | 10.97 | |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 171,998 | 43.85 | |
| Total valid votes | Total valid votes | Total valid votes | 166,881 | 97.02 | |
| Rejected ballots | Rejected ballots | Rejected ballots | 5,117 | 2.98 | |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 555 | 0.33 | 1.24 |
| Registered electors | Registered electors | Registered electors | 392,214 | | |
# Gift suite

A gift suite or gifting suite is a location where companies give products to celebrities in exchange for the celebrity taking a photo with the product or on a red carpet while standing in front of a press wall displaying company logos.
Companies that are trying to build brand recognition or maintain a premier position in the market like to be associated with celebrities and other persons with significant social status. Fans of a celebrity are likely to look favorably on products or services associated with that person. The concept of the gifting suite dates back to the 1990s, created to service presenters and performers backstage at award shows.
Most gifting suites take place in Hollywood during award weeks. During the week before these shows, there are often up to ten gifting suites operating independently from the event itself. During other award weeks like the Golden Globes, Screen Actors Guild Awards and the VMAs there will also be gifting suites, but they are typically fewer.
Official gifting suites are contracted by award shows and Hollywood events and exist in a location on-site and backstage. They work in an official capacity with the show's production and talent. Events like the Oscars, Screen Actors Guild Awards, and Golden Globes do not currently host any official gifting suites at their events.
# St. Erc's Hermitage

St. Erc's Hermitage is a ruin in the grounds of Slane Castle, between the Church of Ireland church and the Boyne. The building consists of a nave, a chancel and a tower between them. While it is traditionally associated with Saint Erc, the visible ruins have been dated to the 15th or 16th century.
# Rani Annadurai

Rani Annadurai was born in Thirumullaivoyal and the wife of C N Annadurai, founder of the Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam (DMK) and former Chief Minister of Tamil Nadu.

## Early life

Rani married C N Annadurai in 1930, while Annadurai was a student in Pachaiyappa's College, Chennai. They had a traditional Hindu style marriage.
Rani and Annadurai did not have any children of their own. They adopted Annadurai's elder sister's children. His sister, Rajamani Ammal, lived with them and looked after their home. Rajamani Ammal had four sons, and Annadurai and his wife Rani adopted all of them.

## Public life

Rani was very supportive of Annadurai's work and political career. In the biography of C N Annadurai, written by Kannan R, it is mentioned that she would never disturb him while he was studying late at night, since she realised that his work was in the service of the nation. Even though she was frightened when he was arrested in 1938 for his role in the anti-Hindi agitation, she visited him frequently in jail.
When Annadurai became the Chief Minister, he found it necessary to create a home office at his residence to carry out his duties more efficiently. The government allowed him to furnish the office, and among the furniture he received was a sofa set. Rani wanted to keep the sofa set in the home and not the office room, but he did not allow her to do so – even though his office was in the same building as his home at this time.
After Annadurai's death, Rani Annadurai continued to be active in politics, for the A-DMK, DMK and also as an independent. She even contested elections for the Lok Sabha seat in Bangalore North constituency as an independent in 1977. She won 924 votes, but eventually lost to the Congress candidate.
She also took part in many cultural activities, and was honoured by the Tamil Isai Sangam in 1969.
Rani Annadurai died in Madras on 6 May 1996 at the age of 82.
# Hugh O'Neill Hencken

Hugh O'Neill Hencken FBA (January 8, 1902 – August 31, 1981) was an American archaeologist who specialized in Iron Age Europe. He was curator of European archaeology at the Peabody Museum, Harvard University, from 1932 to 1972.

## Career

O'Neill Hencken was born in New York City on January 8, 1902, to an Irish American family. He studied at Princeton University and the University of Cambridge, where he obtained a B.A. (1926), an M.A. (1929), and his PhD in archaeology in 1930. He was appointed the curator of European archaeology at the Peabody Museum of Archaeology and Ethnology in 1932, serving until his retirement in 1972. During this period he also held positions as a lecturer at Harvard University, director and chairman of the American School of Prehistoric Research, the Peabody Museum's research division, and taught at the University of Oxford, the University of London, and the University of Edinburgh. In the 1940s he was part of the American Defense Harvard Group, a committee of Harvard faculty that compiled lists of historic monuments for the Allied forces in World War II.
Specializing in Iron Age Europe, O'Neill Hencken worked in a number of countries, including England, Ireland, Morocco, Algeria, Italy, and Greece. Between 1934 and 1936, he directed the archaeological programme of Earnest Hooton's Harvard Archaeological Mission to Ireland, including excavations in County Antrim, County Londonderry, and County Down. As curator at the Peabody Museum, he acquired much of the material and notes from the Duchess of Mecklenburg's excavations in Slovenia, conducted between 1904 and 1913, which were confiscated at the end of World War I and eventually sold at auction in the 1930s. This included the collection from Slovene: Magdalenska gora, an important Iron Age cemetery, which O'Neill Hencken was able to finally bring to publication in 1978, sixty-five years after it was excavated. In the later years of his career he published a number of major synthetic studies, including The Earliest European Helmets (1971), and two volumes dealing with Etruscan origins, Tarquinia, Villanovans and Early Etruscans (1968) and Tarquinia and Etruscan Origins (1968).
O'Neill Hencken was an honorary member of the Prehistoric Society and was elected a corresponding fellow of the British Academy in 1972. A Festschrift in his honour, Ancient Europe and the Mediterranean, edited by Vladimir Markotic, was published in 1977. His collected papers are held by the Harvard Library.

## Personal life

Hugh O'Neill Hencken married Mary Davies Hopkins at the Espicopal Church in Sedgefield, North Carolina on June 8, 1929. The marriage ended in divorce. His second wife Thalassa Cruso was a well-known television presenter. They met in Ireland, where both O'Neill Hencken and Cruso, a student of Mortimer Wheeler, were excavating, and married in London on October 12, 1935. They had three daughters. Thalassa died in Wellesley, MA on June 11, 1997. She was buried at Newton Cemetery, MA.
# Gerdab-e Kebir

Gerdab-e Kebir (Persian: گرداب كبير, also Romanized as Gerdāb-e Kebīr; also known as Gerdāb-e Soflá) is a village in Vahdat Rural District, Mugarmun District, Landeh County, Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 158, in 27 families.
# Galați TV Tower

Galați TV Tower (Romanian: Turnul de televiziune Galaţi) is a 110-metre (360 ft) tall concrete tower used for FM and TV broadcasting in Galați, Romania. The tower, completed in 1978, is equipped with a tower restaurant, perhaps the only of this kind in Romania.
# Georgy Firtich

Georgy Ivanovich Firtich (Russian: Георгий Иванович Фиртич; 20 October 1938 – 27 January 2016) was a Soviet and Russian composer, jazz pianist, professor Herzen University. Honored Art Worker the Russian Federation.
Born in Pskov. He graduated from the School of Music by Rimsky-Korsakov (class composition) and Saint Petersburg Conservatory (1962, class of Yuri Balkashin and Boris Arapov).
During his studies, he began performing as a pianist: school years with the performance of the classics and his own compositions, the school - as a jazz singer. At the undergraduate conservatory began writing for film (in this area has worked for almost 40 years). In 1962 he joined the Union Composers of USSR. Since 1994, led by ACM (Association for Contemporary Music), the Union of Composers of St. Petersburg. He died on 27 January 2016 in St. Petersburg.
# Jijian

Jijian (Persian: جي جيان, also Romanized as Jījīān, Jījeyān, and Jijiyan) is a village in Ramkan Rural District, in the Central District of Qeshm County, Hormozgan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 516, in 112 families.
# Storm the Gates

Storm the Gates is the fifteenth studio album by English heavy metal band Venom. It was released by Spinefarm on 14 December 2018.

## Personnel

* Cronos – lead vocals, bass
* La Rage – guitars, backing vocals
* Dante – drums, backing vocals
# Javakhishvili

The House of Javakhishvili (Georgian: ჯავახიშვილი) is a Russian noble family of Georgian origin, which was a branch of the Toreli (თორელი), known from the 10th century.

## History

The surname Javakhishvili, literally "son of Javakh", derives from the 14th-century nobleman Javakh (known as Svimon in priesthood), a participant of Georgia's resistance to Timur’s attacks. Javakh and his household resettled from Javakheti to Inner Kartli, and received from the Crown a series of villages in hereditary possession. After the fragmentation of the Kingdom of Georgia in the 15th century, the Javakhishvili estates fell under the suzerainty of the Kings of Kartli, but the family was able to transform their possessions into a semi-autonomous seigniory (satavado) known as Sajavakhishvilo (საჯავახიშვილო). They held various political and religious posts within the Kingdom of Kartli, but declined in their influence after Russian annexation of Georgia in 1801. A branch of this family, in the person of Shiosh (Simon) Javakhishvili, had emigrated in Russia in the 1720s, and was eventually received among the princely families of Russia as knyaz Zhevakhov (Russian: Жеваховы). The senior Georgian line of the Javakhishvili were confirmed as a princely house of Dzhavakhov (Джаваховы) by the Russian Senate in 1850.

## Notable members

* Ivan Zhevakhov, Russian general
* Spiridon Zhevakhov, Russian general
* Ivane Javakhishvili, Georgian historian and linguist
* Sandro Javakhishvili
# Brăila Bridge

The Brăila Bridge (Romanian: Podul peste Dunăre de la Brăila) is a road suspension bridge in Romania over the Danube river, between Brăila, a major city in eastern Romania, and the opposite bank of the river in Tulcea County, on the DN2S national road and European route E87. It is the first bridge over the maritime Danube sector and the fourth bridge over the Romanian section of the river. At nearly 2 km in length, it is the largest bridge over the Danube, and the third longest suspension bridge in the European Union. The bridge improves road traffic accessibility of the Galați-Brăila area to Constanța and Tulcea, and connections of the Moldavia and Muntenia regions with Dobruja. The European Union co-funded the project with €363 million from Cohesion Policy funds.

## Construction

First studies for a bridge in the Lower Danube region were done in 1986, but the first prefeasibility study was conducted in 1996. The final feasibility study was finished in 2016 by ISPCF [ro] and Pegaso Ingegneria.
In 2017, the bridge project was awarded to the Astaldi (now Webuild) and IHI Infrastructure Systems association for an estimated cost of €434 million, and the construction works started in December 2018.
In May 2021, the construction of the two main pillars had finished, and preparations had been started to deploy the first cables across the bridge. On 20 August 2021, it was reported that the construction of the bridge is on schedule and that half of the bridge was already done.
The first of the 86 suspended segments of the roadway were installed in spring 2022, with the last one on 28 June 2022. The bridge was opened on 6 July 2023.

## Specifications

The project consists of the construction of a suspension bridge of 1,974.30 m (6,477.4 ft) length with a 1,120 m (3,670 ft) main span, and two side spans of 489.65 m (1,606.5 ft) long on the Brăila bank of the river and 364.65 m (1,196.4 ft) long on the Tulcea bank of the river, two access viaducts of 110 m (360 ft) length on both sides (which bring the total length of the bridge to 2,194.3 m (7,199 ft)), and a connecting road with a total length of approximately 23 km (14 mi).