OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Saint Columbkill's Well, Inistioge

Saint Columbkille's Well, also known as St Colombkille's Well or simply Columbkille's Well (Irish: Tobar Naomh Colmcille), is a holy well in Inistioge, County Kilkenny in Ireland. Dedicated to Saint Colomba, it is included in the Record of Monuments and Places as record number "KK032-017011-".
The holy well is located above Hatchery Lane and accessible via a flight of steps from Hatchery Lane in Inistioge. In John G. A. Prim's Nooks and Corners of the County Kilkenny (1848), the well's location is described as: "opposite the Moat the track of a tiny streamlet leads up the hill-side to the Holy Well of St. Columb". An information panel at the start of Hatchery Lane states that it was the source of water for the monks in the Augustinian priory which was built in 1206.
Several architectural elements from the Augustinian priory were recycled in the construction of the well house, such as a font (KK032-017017-) and an architectural fragment (KK032-017018-). Some sources date these carved fragments, "salvaged" from the priory, to the 16th century,
The feast day of Saint Columbkill, 9 June, has historically been celebrated at the well.

## Folklore

The holy well has several mentions in the Dúchas.ie "Schools' Collection". One account states that the well was dedicated to Colm Cille because "he visited it one time and blessed it", while another suggests that he visited the well several times. Some accounts describes the well as being decorated with candles and flowers each year, while another states that "Saint Colmcilles head and an Angel is carved on a stone" at the well.
Several accounts refer to the well's water as having healing powers, with one such account stating that it cured a local woman of a rheumatic finger.
According to these accounts, the residents of Hatchery Lane used the water for domestic purposes and also refer to fish (possibly trout) living in the well. Of these fish, one account states that "it was in 1863 not long before it was blessed by another priest and a fish was put in it". At least two accounts state that well was blessed by a Father William Martin in 1863.

## Gallery

* Information board
* Video of the approach of the well and architectural details
# Concessions in Mandatory Palestine

The Concessions in Mandatory Palestine were a number of monopolies for the operation of key economic assets in Mandatory Palestine.

## List of Concessions

The 1938 Woodhead Commission provided a list of the concessions granted:

### Bodies of water

* the Dead Sea Concession (Moshe Novomeysky's Palestine Potash Company)
* the Jordan River Concession (Pinhas Rutenberg's Palestine Electric Corporation and the First Jordan Hydro-Electric Power House)
* the Jerusalem Electric and Public Service Corporation (Euripides Mavrommatis; sold to Balfour Beatty in 1928)
* the Auja Concession (the Palestine Electric Corporation)
* the drainage of Lake Huleh and the adjacent marshes (first novated to the Syro-Ottoman Agricultural Company, then in 1934 transferred to the Palestine Land Development Company)
* the Kabbara Concession

### Oil transport

* the Transit of Mineral Oils through Palestine and the Establishment of an Oil Refinery at Haifa (Anglo-Iranian Oil Company) ;
* the Transit of Mineral Oils through Palestine (the Iraq Petroleum Company).

### Shipping infrastructure

* Lighthouses (Administration Generale de Phares de Palestine);
* Bonded Warehouses (Levant Bonded Warehouse Company);

### Spas

* the Tiberias Hot Baths (the Hamei Tiberia Company);
* El Hamma Mineral Springs (Suleiman Bey Nassif);
# Bash Tapia Castle

Bash Tapia Castle, (Arabic: باشطابيا) also known as Bashtabiya Castle or Pashtabia Castle, is a ruined 12th-century castle located on the western bank of the Tigris river, forming part of the city wall of Mosul, Iraq. It was partially destroyed by the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (ISIL) in April 2015.

## History

Bash Tapia Castle was built in the 12th century as one of seven castles within Mosul's city wall. The castle was damaged by Timur in 1393, and was later rebuilt by the Ottoman Empire.
Bash Tapia Castle played an important role in the siege of Mosul during the Ottoman–Persian War of 1743–1746. The siege began on 14 September 1743 when the Shah of Persia, Nader Shah, arrived in city. The Pasha of Mosul, Hajji Hossein Al Jalili, successfully defended the city, and the siege was lifted on 23 October of the same year.
The ruins of the castle were an archaeological site, and were also significant as being one of the few surviving parts of Mosul's walls. The castle was a landmark and a symbol of Mosul's identity, and it was popular with tourists from other parts of Iraq and neighbouring countries. It became neglected after the invasion of Iraq in 2003.

## Destruction

The city of Mosul was captured by the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant on 10 June 2014, and Bash Tapia Castle was damaged in the subsequent fighting. A missile fell near the castle on 10 July and damaged its walls, while a drone fired two shells on it on 23 July.
According to reports by the Iraqi Ministry of Tourism, the castle was blown up by ISIL in April 2015, making it one of many heritage sites destroyed by that group. Photos released by ISIL in 2016 show that parts of the castle remain intact. The remains of the castle were recaptured by the Iraqi Army in June 2017.
# Mohamad Rihanieh

Mohamad Rihanieh (Arabic: مُحَمَّد رَيْحَانِيَّة; born 26 December 2001) is a Syrian professional footballer who plays as an attacking midfielder for Jordanian Pro League club Al-Faisaly and the Syria national team.

## International goals
### Syria U23

| No. | Date | Venue | Opponent | Score | Result | Competition |
| 1. | 10 October 2021 | Prince Saud bin Jalawi Stadium, Khobar, KSA | Jordan | 1–3 | 2–5 | 2021 WAFF U-23 Championship |
| 2. | 3 November 2022 | King Abdullah Sports Hall, Jeddah, KSA | Bahrain | 1–1 | 1–2 | 2022 WAFF U-23 Championship |
| 3. | 6 November 2022 | King Abdullah Sports Hall, Jeddah, KSA | Saudi Arabia | 2–0 | 2–1 | 2022 WAFF U-23 Championship |

### Syria

| No. | Date | Venue | Opponent | Score | Result | Competition |
| 1. | 20 November 2022 | Rashid Stadium, Dubai, UAE | Venezuela | 1–1 | 1–2 | Friendly |

## Honours
### International

Syria U23
* WAFF U-23 Championship:
** Third place: 2022
** Best scorer: 2022
# Partizanskaya (river)

The Partizanskaya (Russian: Партизанская, formerly Сучан Suchan) is a river in Primorsky Krai. Its length is 142 kilometres (88 mi), and its drainage basin covers 4,140 square kilometres (1,600 sq mi). Its sources are in South Sikhote-Alin in Partizansky District; the mouth empties into Nakhodka Bay in the Sea of Japan. Its tributaries include the Tigrovaya, which is 53 kilometres (33 mi) long, as well as the smaller rivers Melniki and Vodopadnaya.
# Kamraniyeh-ye Pain

Kamraniyeh-ye Pain (Persian: كامرانيه پائين, also Romanized as Kāmrānīyeh-ye Pā’īn; also known as Kāmrānī and Kāmrānīyeh) is a village in Azizabad Rural District, in the Central District of Narmashir County, Kerman Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 248, in 69 families.
# Eslamabad-e Bala

Eslamabad-e Bala (Persian: اسلام ابادبالا, also Romanized as Eslāmābād-e Bālā; also known as Eslāmābād) is a village in Mazraeh-ye Shomali Rural District, Voshmgir District, Aqqala County, Golestan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 1,251, in 240 families.
# Borisovo, Muromsky District, Vladimir Oblast

Borisovo (Russian: Бори́сово) is a rural locality (a selo) in Borisoglebskoye Rural Settlement, Muromsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 475 as of 2010. There are 11 streets.

## Geography

Borisovo is located 14 km north of Murom (the district's administrative centre) by road. Chaadayevo is the nearest rural locality.
# Olya Kroytor

Olya Kroytor, full name Olga Igorevna Kroytor (Russian: Ольга Игоревна Кройтор, born 1986), is a Russian contemporary artist, based in Moscow. She works in the mediums of painting, collage, installation, sculpture, image manipulation and performance. She is particularly renowned for her performance pieces, receiving the Kandinsky Prize in 2015 in the category of 'Young artist: Project of the Year'.

## Biography

Born in 1986 in Moscow, she studied at Moscow State Pedagogical University in the Graphic Art Department (graduated in 2008) and the Institute of Contemporary Art (2009). Later she participated in Moscow Museum of Modern Art's programme «Free Workshops» (2007)
Olya Kroytor has shown her work in many different exhibitions, solo shows being «Unnecessary» (Komnata Gallery, Moscow, 2014),«Dissociative identity disorder» (Moscow Museum of Modern Art, Moscow, 2011), «Split personality» (Regina Gallery, Moscow, 2011), «Composition No1» (“Dvorets”, Saint Petersburg, 2010).
Her solo exhibition «Olya Kroytor. 8 Situations» inaugurated the opening of Artwin Gallery's space on Tverskoy Boulevard. Since then she has exhibited in Baku with «On The Other Side» (Kicik Qalart, 2015-2016) and in Moscow, «The Coordinates of Disappearance» (Artwin Gallery, Moscow, 2016).
In 2016 she was the recipient of a fellowship from the Joseph Brodsky Memorial Fund.
# Sergey Armishev

Sergey Nikolayevich Armishev (Russian: Серге́й Николаевич Армишев; born 29 April 1976) is a Russian former football player who played goalkeeper.

## Honours

* Russian Cup finalist: 2001.
# Owolabi

Owolabi Listen is a Yoruba given name and surname meaning "we've birthed wealth". Notable people with this name include:
Given name
* Israel Mobolaji Temitayo Odunayo Oluwafemi Owolabi Adesanya, Nigerian-born New Zealand professional mixed martial artist
* Raheem Owolabi Isiaka, Nigerian footballer
Surname
* Abdulazeez Owolabi, Nigerian footballer
* Felix Owolabi, Nigerian footballer
* Ganiyu Owolabi, Nigerian footballer
* Israel Esan Owolabi, Nigerian engineer and academic
* Kubrat Owolabi, Nigerian table tennis player
* Tunde Owolabi, Belgian footballer
# Alexander Vershinin

Alexander Vershinin (Russian: Верши́нин Алекса́ндр Па́влович; born October 12, 1957) is a Russian jurist, Doctor of Juridical Science, professor. He was the first director of the Boris Yeltsin Presidential Library, from 2009 until 2018. Since 27 August 2018, Vershinin has served as the director of the National Library of Russia.

## Biography

Vershinin graduated with honors from the Faculty of Law of the Leningrad State University in 1983. In 1986 he defended Candidate’s thesis ″The Scope of Civil Procedural Law Relations. In the early 1990s, A. Vershinin participated in establishing the new judicial authorities (referee’s courts, bar associations, notarial system); practiced law as a consultant; representative; expert. He was teaching in his alma-mater the Faculty of Law of now St. Petersburg State University, first as an assistant, then as an assistant professor, later becoming associate professor and then a professor. Vershinin was actively engaged in research in St. Petersburg University and in German universities. In 1998 defended his Doctor’s thesis “Methods of Civil Rights Defence in the Court” visiting professor in Vienna University in 2000–2001 (lectures on foreign economic law) and in the University of Latvia in 2008 (lectures on energy law).
In 2002–2005, Vershinin was working as a deputy trade representative of Russian Federation in Germany. In 2007, Vershinin was appointed an associate dean of international activity in the Faculty of Law of St. Petersburg State University. He developed the Master’s program on energy law and was its head until 2009. In 2009, Vershinin became the first director of the Boris Yeltsin Presidential Library. On August 27, 2018, Vershinin was appointed the director of the National Library of Russia by the decree of The Chairman of the Russian Federation Government. Vershinin is an author of more than 120 research papers, including eight monographs and study guides.

## Publications

* Упрощение и ускорение советского гражданского процесса: опыт теории и практики (20-е годы) // Вестник ЛГУ. Сер. 6. 1988. Вып. 2 (№ 13). С. 60-65.
* Юридическое образование в Федеративной Республике Германии :Опыт организаций // Правоведение. 1992. № 1. С. 76 - 80
* Internationale Handelsschiedsgerichtsbarkeit in Rußland//Internationale Schiedsgerichtsbarkeit: Generalbericht und Nationalberichte = Arbitrage International/von Peter Gottwald; Peter F. Schlosser (Hrsg.).- Bielefeld:Gieseking, 1997. S.759-778
* Электронный документ: правовая форма и доказательство в суде : учебно-практическое пособие. Москва : Городец, 2000. - 247 с.
* Die Entgeltregelung in der Elektrizitaetswirtschaft: die Entwicklueng der Gesetzgebung//Russches Energierecht (Gesetzessammlung). F.J. Saecker.Handbuch zum deutsch-russischen Energierrecht. Frankfurt M., Berlin, Bern, Bruxelles, New York, Oxford , Wien 2009. S.41-52
* Электронный Свод законов и правовая информатизация в России // Известия высших учебных заведений. Правоведение. 2010, № 4 (291)
* Медиалексикон: словарь-справочник. Санкт-Петербург: издательство "Профессия", 2015. - 127 с.
# Rakity, Mikhaylovsky District, Altai Krai

Rakity (Russian: Ракиты) is a rural locality (a selo) and the administrative center of Rakitovsky Selsoviet of Mikhaylovsky District, Altai Krai, Russia. The population was 2,185 in 2016. There are 15 streets.

## Geography

Rakity is located 13 km east of Mikhaylovskoye (the district's administrative centre) by road. Mikhaylovskoye is the nearest rural locality.
# Andrii Skibin

Andrii Serhiiovych Skibin (Ukrainian: Андрій Сергійович Скібін) is a junior lieutenant of the 10th Mountain Assault Brigade of the Armed Forces of Ukraine. His significant contributions to aerial reconnaissance during the Russian-Ukrainian war were highlighted by President Volodymyr Zelensky in his TV address to the nation.

## Biography

Skinin has been in the Armed Forces of Ukraine since 2018. On 1 April 2019, he signed a contract with the 10th mountain assault brigade, where he commands an unmanned aerial vehicle unit of the reconnaissance platoon of the 108th mountain assault battalion.
During the Russia's invasion of Ukraine, aerial reconnaissance officer Andrii Skibin used drones to stop multiple enemy assaults, eliminated about 500 Russian occupants, and blew up a car with the commander of an enemy brigade, Denys Ivanov ("Tashkent").
On 10 August 2023, President of Ukraine Volodymyr Zelenskyi mentioned Junior Lieutenant Andrii Skibin and his contributions in a televised address to the nation.

## Awards

* Order for Courage, 3rd class (23 November 2022)

## Military ranks

* Junior lieutenant
* Junior sergeant
# Gheorghe Popovici (wrestler)

Gheorghe Popovici (born 4 May 1938) is a Romanian wrestler. He competed at the 1960 Summer Olympics and the 1964 Summer Olympics.
# Elbe Urstromtal

The Elbe Urstromtal (German: Elbe-Urstromtal) refers to the present-day valley of the Elbe over a length of around 300 kilometers (190 miles) between the German town of Genthin, Saxony-Anhalt, and the Elbe's mouth into the North Sea near Cuxhaven, Lower Saxony. The urstromtal, or glacial meltwater valley, emerged at the height of the Weichselian glaciation.

## History

The Elbe Urstromtal probably emerged between the coldest period of the Weichselian glaciation, about 22,000 to 18,000 years ago, and the end of the glaciation in North Germany about 14,500 years ago. At that time the glacier was melting and the waters attempted to find their way to the lowest lying points. The Elbe Urstromtal collected the meltwaters and carried them to the North Sea, which then lay up to 120 meters below its present level. The then coastline was about 600 kilometers (370 miles) further north.
The Elbe Urstromtal also collected the meltwaters of the three urstromtäler, the Glogau-Baruth Urstromtal, Warsaw-Berlin Urstromtal and Thorn-Eberswald Urstromtal and carried them in the direction of the North Sea Basin.
Today, the course of the Elbe Urstromtal roughly follows the course of the present day Elbe river, because – unlike other Urstromtälern – the Elbe Urstromtal has neither dried out nor silted up, but still carries the River Elbe, which has its source in the Bohemian Giant Mountains.
The old course of the meltwater river can be easily made out in the Lower Elbe (Niederelbe) region. For example, there is still a roughly 50-meter-high geest slope from Bergedorf to Geesthacht which was the old river bank. Likewise, there is a roughly 30-meter-high slope at the height of Hamburg's western Elbe suburbs (Elbvororte) Othmarschen, Nienstedten and Blankenese.
# Bezlesnaya

Bezlesnaya (Russian: Безле́сная) is a rural locality (a settlement) in Kovarditskoye Rural Settlement, Muromsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 13 as of 2010.

## Geography

The village is located 22 km north-west from Kovarditsy, 28 km north-west from Murom.
# Carl Andersen (gymnast)

Carl Andersen (9 March 1879 in Odense – 12 September 1967 in Nykøbing Falster) was a Danish gymnast and architect.

## Gymnast

Andersen competed in the 1906 Intercalated Games and in the 1908 Summer Olympics. During the 1906 Games in Athens, he was a member of the Danish gymnastics team, which won the silver medal in the team, Swedish system event. Two years later, he was part of the Danish team, which finished fourth in the team competition.

## Architect

Carl Andersen was the son of carpenter Andreas Ferdinand Andersen and Ane Marie Hansen. He became a mason apprentice in 1896 and graduated from Odense Tekniske Skole in 1900. He was employed as a construction overseer by master builder Thaaning in Kerteminde in 1900-01 and as a draftsman for architect Emanuel Momberg in Odense in 1901–02. In 1904-06, he was employed by several different architects in Copenhagen, including Anders Berthelsen, and in 1906-09 as drawer and overseer by H.C. Glahn, Nykøbing Falster in 1906–1909. From 1909 until his death, Carl Andersen operated his own architectural business in Nykøbing Falster; from 1940, with his son Jørgen Friis Andersen. The business later became Arkitektfirmaet Friis Andersen A/S, which still operated in the 2010s. Carl Andersen worked extensively on Lolland in the early 1900s and had many different assignments. Stylistically he worked mainly with neo-baroque but later adopted elements from Functionalism.

### Selected works

* Nykøbing Falster Post House and post masters house, Jernbanegade 50, Nykøbing Falster
* Remodeling of Nykøbing Falster School (1912)
* Public butchery, Markedsgade, Nykøbing Falster (1912)
* Gedser Church (1914–15, with Peder Vilhelm Jensen-Klint)
* Nykøbing Falster Hospital, Bispegade (1915)
* Sakskøbing police station
# Yakov Kolokolnikov-Voronin

Yakov Mikhaylovich Kolokolnikov-Voronin (Russian: Яков Михайлович Колокольников-Воронин; 1782–1845) was a Russian painter who worked as a portraitist and icon-painter in the town of Ostashkov, Tver Governorate.
Yakov was born in Ostashkov into a family of artists. His father Mikhail Lukich Kolokolnikov-Voronin (1710 - after 1788) was a portraitist working in Ostashkov, and his uncles Mina and Fedot were artists working in Saint-Petersburg.
Yakov at the time was documented as a Merchant of the 3rd Guild, a small retailer. In 1838, after presentation of his works to the Imperial Academy of Arts he received a certificate stating him to be a free (vneklassny) artist. In 1841 he officially removed himself from the guild of merchants and painting became his only occupation.
Yakov painted portraits, genre paintings, miniatures, and icons. Since he did not have a formal education he is usually classified as a primitivist. He was the maker of the silver Tsar Doors for the Transfiguration Cathedral in the Nilo-Stolbenskaya Pustyn Monastery. In 1805 he became the founder of the Ostashkov Theater.
Yakov had three sons: Alexander (1818–1870), Ivan (1828–1865) and Mikhail (1830–1867). All of them became painters and were connected with the Ostashkov Theater.
# National Company of Lignite Oltenia

National Company of Lignite Oltenia (Romanian: Societatea Naţională a Lignitului Oltenia - SNLO) Târgu Jiu was set up as a commercial society by the Government of Romania in 1997. The main headquarters of the company is placed in Târgu Jiu, Gorj County. The company has its material base in Gorj, Vâlcea and Mehedinți with total reserves of 2 billion tonnes of coal.
The annual production is around 35 million tonnes of lignite and 4 million tonnes of anthracite and the total number of employees is around 9,000.
Around 85% of the total production comes from Gorj County, particularly from the northern areas where coal is extracted near Motru and Rovinari.
The main beneficiaries of the coal extracted here are the great Romanian power complexes Rovinari Power Station with a capacity of 1,320 MW, Turceni Power Station with a capacity of 1,650 MW and Craiova Power Station with a capacity of 615 MW thus making Gorj County the biggest power producer in Romania with around 36% of the whole energy produced in the country.

## Coal mines

The National Company of Lignite Oltenia owns and operates a number of six coal mines located in Gorj, Mehedinți and Vâlcea counties.
| Rank | Mine | County | Reserves (million tonnes) | Production (million tonnes) |
| 1 | Berbești | Vâlcea | 67 | 2.5 |
| 2 | Husnicioara | Mehedinți | 67 | 3.1 |
| 3 | Jilț | Gorj | 285.8 | 7 |
| 4 | Motru | Gorj | 108 | 6.6 |
| 5 | Roșia – Peșteana | Gorj | 112 | 7.2 |
| 6 | Rovinari | Gorj | 180 | 8 |
# Lake Kulunda

Lake Kulunda or Kulundinskoye (Russian: Кулундинское озеро) is a lake in the southern part of the West Siberian Plain, Altai Krai, south-central Russia.
The Kulunda and Suetka rivers flow into the lake, which is connected by a channel with Lake Kuchuk to the south. Lake Maloye Yarovoye lies 14 kilometers (8.7 mi) to the west and lakes Bauzhansor and Zhigilda 7 kilometers (4.3 mi) to the southwest. The nearest town is Blagoveshchenka.

## Geography

Lake Kulunda is the largest lake in Altai Krai. It is an endorheic lake located in the eastern side of the Kulunda Plain, near the western limit of the Ob Plateau. This lake, along with many other lakes in the region, exhibits a wide array of colors. The variations in color suggest that each lake is at a different stage of eutrophication. Kuchuk, the lake immediately south of Lake Kulunda is mauve-colored, contrasting with the oval, dark blue lake along the northwest edge of the photograph. The lake has no outlets and two deltas can be observed along the eastern side of the lake. The white areas are salty minerals that were deposited on the surface as water evaporated rendering the water hypersaline, with a mineralization of 111.5 g/L, suitable for a native population of brine shrimp (Artemia sp.). A well-established shelter belt system (a series of three parallel lines adjoining end to end) runs generally north-south along the eastern side of Lake Kulunda to form a manmade barrier to help protect against wind erosion. The cultivated field patterns nearby are large and roughly rectangular in shape.