OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Lorenz Duftschmid

Lorenz Duftschmid (born 1964 in Linz, Austria) is an Austrian viol player and conductor.

## Biography

Born to a musical family, Duftschmid began studying music in an early age, and enjoyed the opportunity to learn from the great masters of the viol, such as Jordi Savall. He studied at the Schola Cantorum Basiliensis in Basel, Switzerland.
Duftschmid is the director of the ensemble Armonico Tributo Austria, besides his solo career as a gamba player. He is also a member of Jordi Savall's ensembles Hesperion XX and La Capella Reial de Catalunya.
Duftschmid is an expert in the field of Baroque music, and excels in the performance of Renaissance and early Classical repertory as well.

## Instruments

Duftschmid owns and plays on the following viols:
* Gasparo da Salo (ca. 1580)
* Jakobus Stainer (Absam-Tirol, 1679)
* Nicolas Bertrand (Paris, 1699)
* Antony Stephan Posch (Vienna, 1717)

## Discography

Duftschmid took part in more than 70 recordings. To mention some of the prominent releases:
* Johannes Schenck: Les Fantaisies bisarres de la Goutte (CPO)
* Georg Muffat: Nobilis Juventus (CPO)
* Marin Marais: Pieces de Caractère (CPO)
* Johann Joseph Fux: Concentus Musico-Instrumentalis, Vol. 1 (Arcana)
* Johann Heinrich Schmelzer: La Margarita (Arcana)
* Telemann: Viola di Gamba (Arcana)
# Myrhorod urban hromada

Myrhorod urban territorial hromada (Ukrainian: Миргородська міська територіальна громада, romanized: Myrhorodska miska terytorialna hromada) is one of the hromadas of Ukraine, located in Myrhorod Raion within Poltava Oblast. Its administrative centre is the city of Myrhorod.
The hromada has a total area of 632.1 km$^2$ (244.1 sq mi), as well as a population of 57,592 (as of 2023).

## Composition

In addition to one city (Myrhorod), the hromada includes 36 villages:
* Bieeve [uk]
* Bilyky [uk]
* Derkachi [uk]
* Dibrivka [uk]
* Dovhalivka [uk]
* Harkushyntsi [uk]
* Hlyboke [uk]
* Khomutets [uk]
* Kotliari [uk]
* Kybyntsi [uk]
* Kuzmenky [uk]
* Leshchenky [uk]
* Liubivshchyna [uk]
* Mali Sorochyntsi [uk]
* Maltsi [uk]
* Malynivka [uk]
* Marchenky [uk]
* Mylashenkove [uk]
* Nosenky [uk]
* Osove [uk]
* Petrivtsi [uk]
* Pokazove [uk]
* Ruda [uk]
* Rybalske [uk]
* Shakhvorostivka [uk]
* Shapkove [uk]
* Slobidka [uk]
* Stovbyne [uk]
* Trudoliub [uk]
* Verkhovyna [uk]
* Vesele [uk]
* Vovnianka [uk]
* Yarmaky [uk]
* Yemtsi [uk]
* Yerky [uk]
* Zubivka [uk]
# If I Ever (Red Flag song)

"If I Ever" is a song by the British-American synthpop duo Red Flag. It was released as a single in 1989. The song charted highly on the US Billboard Hot Dance Club Play chart, peaking at #12.

## Track listings

Source:
12" maxi-single Catalog#: 7 75527-0
    A1. "If I Ever" (12" Dance Mix) (6:51)
    A2. "If I Ever" (LP Version) (3:44)
    B1. "If I Ever" (Instrumental) (4:44)
    B2. "If I Ever" (Dub Mix) (6:39)
Cassette maxi-single Catalog#: 7 75043-4
* "If I Ever" (LP Version)
* "If I Ever" (Dance Mix)
CD promo-single Catalog#: EPRO-199
* "If I Ever" (Hot Radio Mix) (3:51)
* "If I Ever" (12" Dance Remix) (6:51)
* "If I Ever" (LP Version) (3:44)

## Chart position

| Chart (1989) | Peak Position |
| U.S. Billboard Hot Dance/Club Play | 12 |
# Shikhobalovo

Shikhobalovo (Russian: Шихобалово) is a rural locality (a selo) in Nebylovskoye Rural Settlement, Yuryev-Polsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 993 as of 2010.

## Geography

Shikhobalovo is located 36 km southeast of Yuryev-Polsky (the district's administrative centre) by road. Bogdanovskoye is the nearest rural locality.
# Denise Kelly

Denise Kelly (born 24 April 1954) is an Irish harpist and composer. She was born in Belfast, Northern Ireland, and was educated at the Royal Irish Academy and at Trinity College, Dublin, where she graduated with a Master of Music degree. She studied composition with Robert Barclay Wilson and James Wilson, and also studied harp and composition at the Guildhall School of Music and Drama in London with Sidonie Goossens.

## Works

Selected works include:
* Helas mon Dieu for mezzo, flute and harp (1974)
* Journey of a Soul for voice and harp, setting from Joyce (1977)
* Dialog to Unity for flute, harp and string quartet (1978)
* Idle Dreams for mezzo, flute and harp (1980)
* Soundings for cello and harp (1984)
# Kuntugushevo

Kuntugushevo (Russian: Кунтугушево; Bashkir: Көнтүгеш, Köntügeş) is a rural locality (a village) in Kuntugushevsky Selsoviet, Baltachevsky District, Bashkortostan, Russia. The population was 247 as of 2010. There are 11 streets.

## Geography

Kuntugushevo is located 14 km southeast of Starobaltachevo (the district's administrative centre) by road. Novourazayevo is the nearest rural locality.
# Nicola Avancini

Nicola Avancini (1 December 1611 – 6 December 1686) was an Italian Jesuit cleric, playwright and ascetical writer.

## Biography

Avancini was born in the Tyrol. He entered the Society of Jesus in 1627, and for some years held the chair of rhetoric and philosophy at University of Graz, and subsequently that of theology at Vienna. He was rector of the Colleges of Passau, Vienna, and Graz, Provincial of the Austrian Province, Visitor of Bohemia, and at his death Assistant for the German Provinces of the Society.
In the midst of these duties he published works on philosophy, theology, and sacred literature. His Meditations on the Life and Doctrines of Jesus Christ has maintained some popularity. This work, originality in Latin, was translated into the principal European languages and went through many editions. The English version in use contains much additional matter drawn from the works of other authors. But these meditations, in their simple as well as their extended form, have assisted in the task of daily meditation.
To Nicola Avancini has been attributed the Imperium Romano-Germanicum, a Carolo Magno Primo Romano-Germanico Caesare, per Quadraginta Novem Imperatores et Germaniae Reges, et ex his per XIV.. published in Vienna in 1658 (Typis Matthiae Cosmerovii). The book contains panegyrics of 50 German-Roman emperors written by Avancini in verse. C. J. Piripach wrote the Introductory "oratio". The Flemish engraver Gerard Bouttats who worked for the University of Vienna engraved the frontispiece and the 50 imperial busts that illustrate the text.
Avancini was also the author of sermons and a large number of dramas, suitable for presentation by college students. Avancini's Pietas victrix (Vienna 1650) is considered one of the most important Neo-Latin Jesuit dramas. The historical drama centres around Constantine the Great's victory over his co-emperor and adversary, Maxentius, in the decisive Battle of the Milvian Bridge (312 BC).

## Modern Editions of Avancini's works

* Pietas victrix = Der Sieg der Pietas, ed., transl. and with introduction by Lothar Mundt and Ulrich Seelbach, Tübingen: Niemeyer 2002 (Frühe Neuzeit 73)

## Sources

* This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Herbermann, Charles, ed. (1913). "Nicola Avancini". Catholic Encyclopedia. New York: Robert Appleton Company.
# Dwight Scales

Dwight Scales (born May 30, 1953) is an American former professional football player who was a wide receiver for eight seasons in the National Football League (NFL). He played college football for the Grambling State Tigers and was selected by the Los Angeles Rams in the fifth round of 1976 NFL draft. He also played for the New York Giants and San Diego Chargers before reuniting with his former Rams' coach, Chuck Knox, on the Seattle Seahawks.
After his playing career ended, he worked as the offensive coordinator at St. Michael's Catholic Academy, a private Catholic high school in Austin, Texas from 1997 to 1999.
# Gil Chalan

Gil Chalan (Persian: گيل چالان, also Romanized as Gīl Chālān; also known as Gīlchālān-e Bālā) is a village in Gil Dulab Rural District, in the Central District of Rezvanshahr County, Gilan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 861, in 217 families.
# Peugeot Type 160

The Type 160 is an early large automobile manufactured by the French company Automobiles Peugeot in 1913. It was constructed by French private coachbuilder Jean-Henri Labourdette to be styled like a small boat, a trait from which it was also called the Skiff. In 2011, the Type 160 was exhibited by Bonhams in a collection entitled "110 years of the automobile" at the Grand Palais. The Type 160 currently resides at the Seal Cove Auto Museum in Seal Cove, Maine
# Danny Van Bakel

Danny van Bakel (8 December 1983), also known as Nguyễn van Bakel, is a Dutch retired professional footballer who played as a center-back.

## Club career
### Early years

Van Bakel kicked off his career with Helmond Sport in 2002 playing in Eerste Divisie. He made 19 appearances for the club before joining Dijkse Boys in 2005. In 2008, he switched club and country signing for amateur club Cappellen in Belgium. He played there for one year before he returned to Dijkse Boys. After the club was expelled from the league in November 2010, he went on to play for Lommel United, in the Belgian Second Division.

### Vietnam

In 2011, Van Bakel signed a year and half contract with Vietnamese club Bình Dương though he first refused the offer. He played two seasons with the club making 28 appearances before joining Đồng Nai in 2013. The following year he was recruited by Thanh Hóa. In Thanh Hóa, he has become a fan favourite and is known as Dutch David Beckham.

## Personal life

Van Bakel is married to DJ Myno whose real name is Nguyễn Thị Ngọc My. On 18 September 2014, she gave birth to a baby boy whom they have named David van Bakel. In October 2015 Van Bakel expressed his desire to acquire Vietnamese citizenship and to represent the Vietnamese team internationally. In early January 2016, he was granted Vietnamese citizenship and adopted the name, Nguyễn van Bakel.
# William Mark

William Mark (Berwick-upon-Tweed, 6 March 1782 - Alhaurín el Grande, 13 January 1849) was a British consul and governor of the British colony in southern Spain, as well as the founder of the English Cemetery in Malaga.

## Early years

Born into a large, poor family, at the age of eleven he was taken into the home of a textile merchant who taught him the trade. When he was eighteen, he enlisted in the British Royal Navy, where he was well regarded for his knowledge of accountancy.
Three years after enlisting in the Navy, he was invited to dine on the Victory, where he met Admiral Horatio Nelson, under whom he served for some months. This episode was widely celebrated by Mark, who wrote a book about his experiences in the service of the Admiral.
In 1808 he was posted as an accountant to Gibraltar, where he met Emma Bedwell, whom he married in 1810.

## Diplomatic career

He was assigned to Malaga to succeed the elderly incumbent consul. Mark and his family arrived in Malaga in 1816, although he did not take up his post as consul until 1824.
Thanks to his efforts as consul to the then governor of Malaga, José Manso, he managed to obtain the concession of a burial place for the British colony in the English Cemetery of Malaga, making it the first of the Anglican Protestant cemeteries to be established in Spain.
Also thanks to his dealings with the Spanish authorities, he managed to rescue the body of young Robert Boyd, who had been shot on the beach of San Andrés, in Málaga, as a result of his participation in the pronunciamiento of the General José María Torrijos. Boyd's body was the second to be buried in the English Cemetery.
He served as consul until 1837. He was succeeded by his son, William Penrose Mark, as consul and governor of the British colony in Spain.

## Death

Died in Alhaurín el Grande, near Málaga, on 13 January 1849 and was buried in the English Cemetery in Malaga, where he has a funerary monument.
In 2007, the crypt where his grave is located along with seven other members of the Mark family was discovered by chance underneath the monument to his memory. In addition to William Mark's grave, the crypt also contained the graves of his wife Emma B. Mark (Emma Bedwell), three of his children, the wife of one of them and a one-day-old grandson of William Mark.
# Podlesny, Vladimir Oblast

Podlesny (Russian: Подлесный) is a rural locality (a selo) in Simskoye Rural Settlement, Yuryev-Polsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 1 as of 2010.

## Geography

Podlesny is located on the Seleksha River, 29 km north of Yuryev-Polsky (the district's administrative centre) by road. Zaborye is the nearest rural locality.
# Kuner

Kuner (Persian: كونر, also Romanized as Kūner) is a village in Khoshk Rud Rural District, Rudbast District, Babolsar County, Mazandaran Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 203, in 45 families.
# Kazanka, Baltachevsky District, Republic of Bashkortostan

Kazanka (Russian: Казанка) is a rural locality (a village) in Kundashlinsky Selsoviet, Baltachevsky District, Bashkortostan, Russia. The population was 201 as of 2010. There is 1 street.

## Geography

Kazanka is located 91 km southeast of Starobaltachevo (the district's administrative centre) by road. Taykash is the nearest rural locality.
# August Lešnik

August Lešnik (Croatian pronunciation:; 16 July 1914 in Zagreb – 24 February 1992 in Zagreb) was a Croatian footballer. Lešnik played most of his club football for Građanski Zagreb. In 1941 he was the Croatian First League's top scorer while playing for Građanski, and performed the same feat twice in the Yugoslavian First League as well: in 1938 and 1939. He played for the Yugoslavian football team in the late 1930s and the Croatia national team from 1940 to 1944.

## Club career

Lešnik started his career in 1929 playing for local club HŠK Derby. He spent there five years, and after that had a short spell in HŠK Šparta Zagreb. In 1936 Lešnik started playing for Građanski Zagreb, the club where spent most of his career. In the first four years at Građanski, he was twice the top goalscorer of Yugoslav First League. In the 1937–38 season he scored 17 goals in 18 matches, and the following season 22 goals in as many games. He clinched two titles with Građanski in 1937 and 1940, and one of his most famous club matches occurred in spring 1937 against BSK in Belgrade in which Lešnik scored a hat-trick in the first seven minutes of the game.
In 1936, Lešnik scored three goals in an exhibition match against Liverpool F.C. which Građanski won 5–1.
After World War II, Građanski was disbanded by the communist Yugoslav authorities, and Lešnik finished his career with the newly formed Dinamo Zagreb.

## International career

Lešnik made his debut for Yugoslavia in a May 1937 friendly match away against Hungary and earned a total of 10 caps, scoring 4 goals. He played his other 9 games for the unofficial team of the Banovina of Croatia and under the flag of the Independent State of Croatia, a World War II-era puppet state of Nazi Germany. His final international was an April 1944 friendly against Slovakia.

## Style of play

Lešnik had a natural instinct for goal and was very crafty and adept in using the opportunities to score; he was humorously described as being able to "score four goals out of two chances". Despite his abilities, he remained a controversial player due to an apparent absence of interest or effort in many games; it was often said that his kit remained white and spotless even in the muddiest of conditions. Lešnik did not like to train either: he trained only on Fridays, while his teammates trained three times a week. By his own admission, he used his left foot "only for walking". Nevertheless, Lešnik was famed for his sudden sprinting bursts, usually close to goal, and his agility and execution were unmatched by any Dinamo player until generations later, by strikers such as Dražan Jerković and Davor Šuker.
# Noel Scarlett

Noel Scarlett (born January 21, 1974 – September 1, 2021) was a former American football defensive tackle in the National Football League for the New England Patriots, Kansas City Chiefs and Dallas Cowboys. He also was a member of the Scottish Claymores in NFL Europe. He played college football at Langston University.

## Early years

Scarlett attended Elbert County High School, where he was a two-way lineman. As a junior, he received All-area and Atlanta Journal-Constitution Super Senior honors. As a senior, he didn't play football because of trouble with the law.
He worked for 2 years in a produce plant making his way up to a supervisor's role, before accepting a football scholarship from NAIA Langston University. As a sophomore he was named a starter at defensive tackle, tallying 40 tackles (6 for loss) and 2 sacks. As a junior, he posted 40 tackles and 6 sacks.
As a senior, he led the team with a career-high 9.5 sacks and 9 tackles for loss. He had 3 sacks against Oklahoma Panhandle State University. He finished his college career with 120 tackles (93 solo), 19 tackles for loss and 17.5 sacks.

## Professional career
### Minnesota Vikings (first stint)

Scarlett was selected by the Minnesota Vikings in the seventh round (236th overall) of the 1999 NFL draft. He was waived on September 5.

### New England Patriots

On December 22, 1999, he was signed by the New England Patriots to their practice squad. He was released on December 29. He was re-signed on January 5, 2000.
In 2000, he was allocated to the Scottish Claymores of NFL Europe. He recorded 20 tackles and 2.5 sacks for a defense that gave up only 76.3 rushing yards-per-game and helped the team reach World Bowl 2000. He was released by the Patriots on August 1.

### Miami Dolphins

On August 3, 2000, he was signed as a free agent by the Miami Dolphins. He was cut on August 14.

### Kansas City Chiefs

On October 25, he was signed by the Kansas City Chiefs to their practice squad.

### Dallas Cowboys

On December 15, 2000, he was signed by the Dallas Cowboys from the Chiefs' practice squad, who were having injury problems on the defensive line. He appeared as a backup in the season finale against the Tennessee Titans. He was released on August 6, 2001.

### Tulsa Talons

In 2002, he signed with the Tulsa Talons of the AF2. He appeared in 5 games, registering 8 tackles (6 solo), one tackle for loss, one sack, 2 forced fumbles and one fumble recovery.

### Minnesota Vikings (second stint)

In July 2002, he was signed as a free agent by the Minnesota Vikings. He was released on August 17.

### Calgary Stampeders

In 2003, he signed with the Calgary Stampeders in the Canadian Football League. He was released on June 5.

## Coaching career

In 2016, he was a defensive line coach at Southwest Christian School in Fort Worth, Texas. In 2017, he was an intern defensive line assistant with the Minnesota Vikings during training camp. In 2017, he was named the defensive coordinator at Coram Deo Academy. He served as an assistant coach for the Texas College Steers.
# Joe Bramley

Jonathan William "Joe" Bramley (born 1983) is a New Zealand musician.
Born in Hong Kong to parents Geoff Bramley and Janet Brice, Bramley has two siblings: older brother Nick Bramley and younger brother Richie Bramley. He has lived in Wellington (where he attended Scots College) and in Auckland (where he attended Auckland Grammar School), as well as in Melbourne, Australia (with the band Betchadupa). As of 2013 he lives in London.
# Empty diagonal

The empty diagonal (French: diagonale du vide) is a band of low-density population that stretches from the French department of the Landes in the southwest to the Meuse in the northeast. The diagonal's population density is very low compared to the rest of France.

## Description

The low population density (less than 30/km², or 78/mi²) is caused largely by the rural exodus and urbanisation of the 19th and 20th centuries. Some commentators prefer to speak of a "low-density diagonal" (diagonale des faibles densités) and regard the term "empty diagonal" as both pejorative and exaggerated. Still, DATAR used the term and it remains the most common term.
The pattern is more readily apparent at the departmental level than at the regional level. It is part of a broader pattern of low population density that extends into Spain and Portugal and is known as the continental diagonal [es].

## History and evolution

Before the emergence of the empty diagonal, an earlier demographic feature was the Saint-Malo-Geneva line that ran from the northwest to the southeast and divided the industrial northeast from the agrarian southwest. Charles Dupin identified it in his 1837 treatise Forces productives et commerciales de la France.
In 1947, the geographer Jean-François Gravier wrote of a "French desert" that corresponds, more or less, to the modern notion of the empty diagonal.
Hervé Le Bras and Emmanuel Todd argue that the concept is no longer valid in the 21st century because of growth that is observed in some departments like Indre and Gers. According to their analysis, the zone of negligible or negative population growth extends only from the Massif Central to Lorraine. However, an analysis at the level of cantons and communes indicates that the zone of decline extends beyond the Massif–Lorraine axis and that the growth observed by Le Bras and Todd is fragile and driven by a temporary influx of retirees.

## Literature

La diagonale du vide is the title of a 2009 novel by Pierre Péju in which an urban businessman seeks solitude in a cottage in Ardèche.
From 2015 to 2016, the author and blogger Mathieu Mouillet spent 18 months exploring the empty diagonal and meeting its inhabitants. His "exotic voyage" is presented by notes and photographs on his blog.

## Gallery

* Map of population density by department, showing the empty diagonal in blue.
* Detailed map of population density, with the least populated areas in white.
# GM-94

The GM-94 (Russian: Гранатомет Магазинный образца 1994, Granatomet Magazinnyy obraztsa 1994, lit. "magazine-fed grenade launcher, model of 1994") is a pump action grenade launcher for use by Russian special and security forces. Development of the GM-94 grenade launcher began in 1993, under the guidance of Vasilij Gryazev, chief designer of the KBP design bureau (Konstruktorskoye Byuro Priborostroyeniya; (Конструкторское Бюро Приборостроения; KBP), in Tula, Russia.

## Description

The GM-94 is a short range weapon, allowing it to be used in close urban environments. With a minimum safe distance of only 10 meters, the GM-94 is well suited to close, room-to-room fighting. Its simple design and operation allows it to operate in dusty and dirty environments and even after being immersed in water.
The launcher is capable of firing VGM-93.900 high explosive fragmentation, VGM-93.100 thermobaric, VGM-93.300 smoke and VGM-93.200 tear gas canisters, VGM-93.600 rubber slugs and other non-lethal payloads.
The VGM-93.100 thermobaric grenade contains around 160 grams of explosive filler. It can penetrate up to 8 mm of mild steel or interior wall with its blast, while producing minimal primary fragmentation.
In June 2005, GM-94 with thermobaric VGM-93.100 ammunition was adopted by the Russian Ministry of Internal Affairs. In October 2007, the Russian armed forces adopted the launcher designated as LPO-97 (Legkiy Pekhotnyy Ognemet; Легкий Пехотный Огнемет; ‘light infantry flamethrower’) developed in the KBP Instrument Design Bureau on the basis of the GM-94 with a thermobaric grenade, in 2008 GM-94 was adopted for the branches of the Federal Security Service. The weapon was used in the battle of Nalchik in 2005 and in Crimea 2014. Though the launcher was initially intended for use by Russian security forces, the GM-94 has been spotted as far afield as Kazakhstan, where it is in service with the Kazakhstani paramilitary police tactical unit Sunkar ("Hawk") and in the hands of non-state combatants during the overthrow of the Gaddafi regime in Libya 2011.
Russian forces have used this weapon to fire non-lethal tear gas grenades on protesters in Ukraine in March 2022.

## Users

* Belarus
* Kazakhstan
* Libya
* Mongolia
* Russian Federation
* Ukraine