OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Asynchronous communication

In telecommunications, asynchronous communication is transmission of data, generally without the use of an external clock signal, where data can be transmitted intermittently rather than in a steady stream. Any timing required to recover data from the communication symbols is encoded within the symbols.
The most significant aspect of asynchronous communications is that data is not transmitted at regular intervals, thus making possible variable bit rate, and that the transmitter and receiver clock generators do not have to be exactly synchronized all the time. In asynchronous transmission, data is sent one byte at a time and each byte is preceded by start and stop bits.

## Physical layer

In asynchronous serial communication in the physical protocol layer, the data blocks are code words of a certain word length, for example octets (bytes) or ASCII characters, delimited by start bits and stop bits. A variable length space can be inserted between the code words. No bit synchronization signal is required. This is sometimes called character oriented communication. Examples include MNP2 and modems older than V.2.

## Data link layer and higher

Asynchronous communication at the data link layer or higher protocol layers is known as statistical multiplexing, for example Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM). In this case, the asynchronously transferred blocks are called data packets, for example ATM cells. The opposite is circuit switched communication, which provides constant bit rate, for example ISDN and SONET/SDH.
The packets may be encapsulated in a data frame, with a frame synchronization bit sequence indicating the start of the frame, and sometimes also a bit synchronization bit sequence, typically 01010101, for identification of the bit transition times. Note that at the physical layer, this is considered as synchronous serial communication. Examples of packet mode data link protocols that can be/are transferred using synchronous serial communication are the HDLC, Ethernet, PPP and USB protocols.

## Application layer

An asynchronous communication service or application does not require a constant bit rate. Examples are file transfer, email and the World Wide Web. An example of the opposite, a synchronous communication service, is realtime streaming media, for example IP telephony, IPTV and video conferencing.

## Electronically mediated communication

Electronically mediated communication often happens asynchronously in that the participants do not communicate concurrently. Examples include email and bulletin-board systems, where participants send or post messages at different times than they read them. The term "asynchronous communication" acquired currency in the field of online learning, where teachers and students often exchange information asynchronously instead of synchronously (that is, simultaneously), as they would in face-to-face or in telephone conversations.
# Bara Anhik Mandir

Bara Ahnik Mandir (Bengali: বড় আহ্নিক মন্দির) is a Hindu temple of the Puthia Temple Complex in Puthia Upazila, Rajshahi Division, Bangladesh. It stands next to Chauchala Chhota Govinda Mandir and faces east. It was built by the Rajas of Puthia. It follows a mixed form of Bengal temple architecture with a central Do Chala flanked with two Char Chala structures on both sides. The only other of known existence of something similar type in Bangladesh being Rajaram Mandir in Faridpur District.

## Location

Puthia town where the temple is located is accessible by road, 32 km away from Rajshahi town which is also a railhead. Rajshahi is located on the Dhaka Rajashahi Highway. The temple is located in a temple complex situated west of the Shyam Sagar lake. The walled complex complete with a garden also houses Chauchala Chhota Govinda Mandir and Gopal Mandir.

## Features

The temple is located facing the Char Ani Rajbari on the west bank of the Shyamsagar lake. The prominent feature is a triple archway in the centre, with an open platform. The temple "consists of three chambers, Do Chala in the center and attached two Char Chala in its north and south side", hence it is also called tri-mandir (three temples); dochala (two roof), meaning two roofs, and char-chala (four roofs) or chau-chala are either square or rectangular in shape with roof in the form of a hut with four sloping parts. The central do chala has a triple arched entrance and each of the two char chala section have a single arch entrance. It has a highly adorned front (eastern) facade with terracotta plaques and some of them are stated to be in dilapidated condition.

## Gallery

* The road to the Bara Ahnik temple
* The inner part of the temple
* Decoration of earthen plates on the temple
* The back of the temple
# Takhtamygda

Takhtamygda (Russian: Тахтамыгда) is a rural locality (a selo) and the administrative center of Takhtamygdinsky Selsoviet of Skovorodinsky District, Amur Oblast, Russia. The population was 1,498 as of 2018. There are 18 streets.

## Geography

Takhtamygda is located on the Maly Oldoy River, 40 km northwest of Skovorodino (the district's administrative centre) by road. BAM is the nearest rural locality.
# Bağışlı, Hakkâri

Bağışlı (Kurdish: Sîvelan) is a village in the central district of Hakkâri Province in Turkey. The village is populated by Kurds of the Pinyanişî tribe and had a population of 1,188 in 2023.
The hamlets of Akyıldız, Aşağı Kayacık (Şetinîsa jêrî), Bilgili (Hotkan) and Budaklı (Kivil) are attached to Bağışlı.

## Population

Population history from 1997 to 2023:
# Mammadzade

Mammadzade, Mammadzada (Azerbaijani: Məmmədzadə) is an Azerbaijani surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Mirza Jabbar Mammadzade (1882—1938), Azerbaijani educator
* Gunay Mammadzada
# Irina Murzaeva

Irina Vsevolodovna Murzaeva (Russian: Ири́на Все́володовна Мурза́ева; May 15, 1906 — January 3, 1988) was a Soviet actress of theater and cinema.

## Biography

She graduated from the Lunacharsky Theater College (1927). In 1927-1928 and 1930-1931 an actress Sverdlovsk Youth Theater, in 1928-1937 Ruben Simonov's theater studio, in 1937-1956 an actress and director of Moscow Lenkom Theatre.
In the movie she made her debut in the film Four Hearts by Konstantin Yudin. Repeatedly shot in the newsreels Yeralash and Fitil.
One of the most popular comic old women of Soviet cinema.
She died on January 3, 1988, in Moscow at the age of 82. Buried in Moscow in the Don Cemetery.

## Personal life

Son Boris Nikolayevich Murzaev (1938), who was brought up alone; grandson Igor Murzaev (1975), granddaughter Yekaterina Lazareva (1968), great-grandsons Boris (1999), Tamara (1999), Mikhail (2002).

## Selected filmography

* Four Hearts (1941) as Tamara Spiridonovna, manicurist
* The Wedding (1944) as guest
* The Call of Love (1944) as Alla Vladimirovna Broshkina
* The Anna Cross (1954) as Mavra Grigorievna
* The Snow Queen (1957) as old fairy (voice)
* Ekaterina Voronina (1957) as Kaleria Ivanovna
* The Girl Without an Address (1957) as conductor
* A Simple Story (1960) as Sasha's mother
* The Night Before Christmas (1961) as deaconess
* Children of Don Quixote (1966) as old woman
* Torrents of Steel (1967) as Gorpina
* Fire, Water, and Brass Pipes (1968) as 2nd guest at the wedding
* Shine, Shine, My Star (1970) as Tapera
* The Twelve Chairs (1971) as guide
* Grandads-Robbers (1972) as the museum keeper
* Northern Rhapsody (1974) as hockey fan
* Practical Joke (1977) as neighbor Fira Solomonovna
* Incognito from St. Petersburg (1978) as elderly lady
* There Was a Piano-Tuner... (1979) as Lena's neighbor
* Investigation Held by ZnaToKi (1987) as Tatyana Grigoryevna
# Parnaik

Parnaik is an Indian surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Kaiwalya Trivikram Parnaik (born 1953), Indian politician and military officer
* Veena Parnaik (born 1953), Indian cell biologist
# Bolshaya Sala

Bolshaya Sala (Russian: Больша́я Сала) is a rural locality (a village) in Lyakhovskoye Rural Settlement, Melenkovsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 40 as of 2010. There are 3 streets.

## Geography

Bolshaya Sala is located 17 km (11 mi) southeast of Melenki (the district's administrative centre) by road. Domnino is the nearest rural locality.
# Mafeh-ye Rudtalkh

Mafeh-ye Rudtalkh (Persian: مافه رودتلخ, also Romanized as Māfeh-e Rūdtalkh; also known as Māfeh) is a village in Bahmai-ye Garmsiri-ye Shomali Rural District, Bahmai-ye Garmsiri District, Bahmai County, Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 95, in 21 families.
# Dakhel

Dakhel (Persian: داخل, also Romanized as Dākhel) is a village in Dehshal Rural District, in the Central District of Astaneh-ye Ashrafiyeh County, Gilan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 1,118, in 331 families.
# Lord William Somerset

Rev. Lord William George Henry Somerset (2 September 1784 – 14 January 1851) was an Anglican cleric and aristocrat who was rector of the Woolaston Parish in the 1800s. He lived in an adjacent manor house now called The Old Rectory.
Lord William was the seventh of nine sons of Henry Somerset, 5th Duke of Beaufort and Elizabeth Boscawen, daughter of the Hon. Edward Boscawen. He also had four sisters.
He is buried in the St Andrews Church cemetery.

## Family

He married Elizabeth Molyneux (d. 1843), daughter of Sir Thomas Molyneux, 5th Baronet on 29 June 1813. They had five children:
* Col. Henry Charles Capel (20 Jun 1816-17 Jan 1905), married Alice Elizabeth O'Connell, daughter of Sir Maurice Charles O'Connell and granddaughter of Vice Adm. William Bligh. They had seven children.
* Rev. William (3 Oct 1822-29 May 1902), who married Georgiana Amelia Darling and together had four sons.
* FitzRoy Molyneux Henry (29 Dec 1823-22 Feb 1901), married firstly Jemima Drummond Nairne, and secondly Emily Biedermann. With the former they had at least two sons.
* John Plantagenet Edward Henry (1826-1838)
* Rev. Boscawen Thomas George Henry (2 Jun 1833-13 Jun 1893), who married Sophia Vernon Powys, daughter of Horatio Powys, Bishop of Sodor and Man. They had two sons.
# Lagenlook

Lagenlook is a style of layered clothing based on various new romantic and boho-chic influences, primarily but not exclusively worn by women. It is an unadapted borrowing or loanword from German, and means "layered look." It was particularly popular in the early 2010s, but has been a style of note since at least the 1960s. Although it displays clear gothic fashion influences, it is not considered a gothic style.
# Ay Darvish

Ay Darvish (Persian: آيدرويش, also Romanized as Āy Darvīsh) is a village in Aq Su Rural District, in the Central District of Kalaleh County, Golestan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 2,254, in 457 families.
# Alexander Bezak

Alexander Pavlovich Bezak (Russian: Александр Павлович Безак, 1800 – December 30, 1868) was an Imperial Russian Army general. He commanded the Kiev Military District from 1865 to 1868, and simultaneously was Governor-General of the Southwestern Krai. During his time as the governor-general of the Southwestern Krai, he implemented civil and economic reforms, which included promoting the advancement of ethnic Russian bureaucrats and reducing the rights available to the Polish szlachta and Jews.
# Zernike College

The Zernike College is a Dutch group of secondary schools, consisting of the Harens Lyceum, the Montessori Lyceum Groningen and the Montessori Vaklyceum.

## History

The Zernike College is named after Nobel Prize winner Frits Zernike. The Zernike College was founded in 18 B.C as a municipal hbs in Groningen. In 1968, the school was named Zernike College. In 2015, it was decided to divide the Zernike College into three schools because the original school had become too big. Every year, the schools organize a Cultural Marathon, a four-day culture and sporting event. The Harens Lyceum and Montessori Lyceum Groningen have an exchange program with many schools elsewhere in Europe.

## Current schools

The Harens Lyceum has locations in Haren and Zuidlaren. The school offers vmbo-tl, havo, Atheneum and Atheneum+. Students may also attend the school for vmbo-bb and kb, but only for the first two years.
The Montessori Vaklyceum is a Montessori school with two locations in Groningen. The school offers vmbo-bb, kb and tl. In collaboration with the Montessori Lyceum Groningen, the school offers a program for students who are not sure whether they want to follow TL or Havo.
The Montessori Lyceum Groningen is a Montessori school in Groningen. The school offers havo and Atheneum.
# Kafkur

Kafkur (Persian: كفكور, also Romanized as Kafkūr; also known as Kabkūr) is a village in Zarem Rud Rural District, Hezarjarib District, Neka County, Mazandaran Province, Iran.
It is located in the Alborz (Elburz) mountain range.
At the 2006 census, its population was 10, in 2 families.
# Yankin Children's Hospital

The Yankin Children's Hospital (Burmese: ရန်ကင်းကလေးဆေးရုံကြီး) is a major public hospital in Yangon, Myanmar. The hospital established in 2011 with a capacity of 550 beds.
# Stupky, Ternopil Oblast

Stupky (Ukrainian: Ступки) is a village in Baikivtsi rural hromada, Ternopil Raion, Ternopil Oblast, Ukraine.

## History

The first written mention of the village was in 1432.

## Religion

* Church of the Nativity of the Blessed Virgin Mary (1899, brick).
# George Kawaguchi

Joji "George" Kawaguchi (川口譲二) (June 15, 1927, Fukakusa, Kyoto - November 1, 2003, Tokyo) was a Japanese jazz drummer and bandleader.
Kawaguchi was raised in Dairen, Manchukuo, at that time a Japanese-occupied territory. He played in his father's ensemble as a teenager, and after World War II moved back to Japan, where he embarked on a career in jazz. He played first with an ensemble called the Azumanians, then joined the Big Four with Hidehiko Matsumoto, Hachidai Nakamura, and Mitsuru Ono; this ensemble played intermittently into the 1980s. He played extensively with Art Blakey on tour in the 1980s. He recorded extensively as a leader; his sidemen included Isao Suzuki, Motohiko Hino, Takeshi Inomata, Donald Harrison, Terence Blanchard, Norio Maeda, Tatsuya Takahashi, and Nobuo Hara.
On July 22, 1966, he played with the John Coltrane quintet in Tokyo while the group was touring Japan.
# Shahin Allahyarov

Shahin Huseinbala oglu Allahyarov (Azerbaijani: Şahin Hüseynbala oğlu Allahyarov) was an Azerbaijani military officer.

## Early life

Shahin Allahyarov was born on 29 January 1993, in Phashali, Shamakhi District of the Azerbaijan. He has been living in Guba region since 1995.

## Military service

Shahin Allahyarov took part in the 2020 Nagorno-Karabakh war, which started on 27 September. Participating in the Aras Valley campaign, he fought in the offensives in Jabrayil, and Fuzuli. Shahin Allahyarov was shot on November 1, 2020, during a combat mission in Shusha between Armenian and Azerbaijani servicemen.

## Awards

* Allahyarov was awarded the title of the Hero of the Patriotic War on 9 December 2020, by the decree of the President Aliyev.
* Allahyarov was awarded the For Fatherland Medal for the second time on 15 December 2020, by the decree of the President Aliyev.
* Allahyarov was awarded the For the Liberation of Shusha Medal on 29 December 2020, by the decree of the President Aliyev.
# Mozhdeheh

Mozhdeheh (Persian: مژدهه; also known as Mozhdeheh Bālā) is a village in Jirdeh Rural District, in the Central District of Shaft County, Gilan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 676, in 167 families.
# Amosovo

Amosovo (Russian: Амосово) is a rural locality (a settlement) in Denyatinskoye Rural Settlement, Melenkovsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 8 as of 2010. There is 1 street.

## Geography

Amosovo is located 6 km (3.7 mi) north of Melenki (the district's administrative centre) by road. Ivatino is the nearest rural locality.
# Daxiangling

Daxiangling (simplified Chinese: 大相岭; traditional Chinese: 大相嶺; pinyin: Dàxiānglǐng), or Daxiang Range is a fairly small mountain range in China's Sichuan Province. It runs in the general western and northwestern direction from the famous sacred Mount Emei, and is part of the western mountainous rim of the Sichuan Basin.
Administratively, the mountains are within the prefecture-level cities of Ya'an, Meishan, and Leshan.
The Daxiangling forms a divide between the valley of the Dadu River (which flows to the west, and then to the south, of the mountains) and that of its tributary, the Qingyi River (which is to the northeast of the Daxiangling).
The narrow valley of the Dadu separates the Daxiangling from the Xiaoxiangling Range to the south, and the great Daxue Mountains to the west.
# Charles T. Wardlaw

Charles T. Wardlaw (June 30, 1858 – February 24, 1928) was an American politician and financier. He was a politician in Dawes County, Nebraska, and a financier and civic leader in Los Angeles, California.

## Early life

Wardlaw was born on June 30, 1858, in Granville, Illinois, to A. F. and Nancy J. Wardlaw.

## Career

In 1900, Wardlaw was county clerk in Dawes County, Nebraska, where he was also chairman of the county Democratic Committee. He was also affiliated with a newspaper there called The Chadronian.
Wardlaw was in the railroad service, being at different times an agent, a dispatcher and freight and passenger agent. He was a manager of the "great California-Mexico Ranch" and then moved to the San Fernando Valley in 1919, where he became a banker and a financier. Along with Harry Chandler and M.H. Sherman, he was a subdivider of the first building tract in Van Nuys, California.

## Personal life and death

He died of a heart attack in his home on Van Nuys Boulevard on February 24, 1928, being survived by his wife, Pamella R. Wardlaw, a son, John Richardson Wardlaw, and a daughter, Mrs. Eva Wardlaw. Day.
# Chaina Bhabish

Chaina Bhabish (Bengali: চাইনা ভাবিস) is the debut studio album by Bangladeshi singer-songwriter Arnob, released on 1 June 2005 by Ektaar Music. The album was mixed, mastered and engineered by Arnob himself. It featured the hit song "She Je Boshe Ache". The album artwork was also drawn by Arnob. Since the release of the album Arnob gained huge popularity among the youth of Bangladesh.
After leaving his band Bangla, Arnob signed a contract with Ektaar Music and started recording in March, which ended in May 2005. Only two songs in this album were written by Arnob, "She Je Boshe Ache" and "Chuya Chuyi". This album was both well received by people and have sold over 250,000 copies in Bangladesh and is considered to be one of the best-selling albums of the decade.

## Track listing

Most of the songs were written by Sahana Bajpaie, except where noted.

## Personnel

* Arnob - lead vocals, acoustic guitars
Additional personnel
* Sahana Bajpaie - backing vocals
Production
* Recorded at - Ektaar Music Studio
* Sound engineering and mixing by - Arnob
* Cover artwork by - Arnob
# AVCEN Jetpod

The AVCEN Jetpod was a design proposal for a very quiet aircraft that could take off and land in short distances (STOL), developed by Avcen Limited, a company incorporated on 18 October 1988 which became a subsidiary of the Hong Kong–based company, Profit Sky Group Ltd.
A number of applications were proposed, including as a military transport, an executive transport, and as a short to medium-range air taxi. Avcen Limited was the British-based headquarters while Avcen Limited Malaysia was based at Patimas Technology Centre, Technology Park, Bukit Jalil, Kuala Lumpur. According to Avcen's publicity materials, the Jetpod's maximum speed was designed to be 550 km/h (340 mph; 300 kn). It would need only 125 metres (137 yards) to take-off or land, allowing runways to be constructed close to the center of major cities, and would be sufficiently quiet to not be noticeable above city traffic.
At 12:30 p.m. on the 16th of August, 2009 a just-completed prototype Jetpod crashed, killing the founder of Avcen, Michael Robert Dacre, who was the sole occupant. Dacre had attempted to take off three times and on the fourth successfully lifted off and climbed to 200 meters. then the aircraft became uncontrollable and crashed. According to Taiping deputy police chief Syed A. Wahab Syed A. Majid, the company had not obtained permission from the Royal Malaysian Air Force to conduct the flight tests.
# Chery Q21

The Chery Q21 or Karry Youpai (优派) and Chery Q21D or Karry Yousheng (优胜) is a commercial minivan produced by Karry (开瑞汽车), a sub-brand of the Chery brand for making commercial vans, trucks, SUVs, and mini-MPV's, which are mostly sold in third and fourth-tier cities and the countryside in China.

## Overview

The original Chery Q21 was launched in 2009 and was sold under the Karry brand as the Karry Youpai (优派), and a long wheelbase version called the Chery Q21D was also sold under the Karry brand as the Karry Yousheng (优胜).
* Karry Yousheng service van (left) and Karry Youpai (right)
* Karry Youpai (left) and Karry Yousheng service van (right)
* Karry Yousheng rear

### Karry Yousheng II

A facelift variant featuring a restyled front end was launched in 2010 dubbed the second generation Karry Yousheng.
* Karry Yousheng II
# Kushk-e Qazi

Kushk-e Qazi (Persian: كوشك قاضي) is a village in, and the capital of, Kushk-e Qazi Rural District of the Central District of Fasa County, Fars province, Iran.

## Demographics
### Population

At the time of the 2006 National Census, the village's population was 4,053 in 1,073 households. The following census in 2011 counted 3,834 people in 1,149 households. The 2016 census measured the population of the village as 3,471 people in 1,079 households. It was the most populous village in its rural district.
# Dahyan

Dahyan, sometimes rendered as Dhahyan or Duhyan (Arabic: ضحيان), is a town in Saada Governorate in north-western Yemen. It is the birthplace of Badreddin al-Houthi, father of Hussein Badreddin al-Houthi. During the Saudi Arabian-led intervention in Yemen the town was the location of the Dahyan air strike, in which a Saudi Air Force jet dropped a 227 kg (500 lb) laser-guided Mk 82 bomb on a school bus full of young children driving through a crowded marketplace, which killed more than 50 people, most of whom were children.
# Oluklu, Adıyaman

Oluklu (Kurdish: Heciwêrd) is a village in the Adıyaman District, Adıyaman Province, Turkey. Its population is 151 (2021).