OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Jack L. Cooper

Jack Leroy Cooper (September 18, 1888 – January 12, 1970) was the first African-American radio disc jockey, described as "the undisputed patriarch of black radio in the United States." In 2012, he was inducted into the National Radio Hall of Fame.

## Biography

He was born in Memphis, Tennessee, one of ten children of William and Lavina Cooper. He left home at the age of ten to work in Cincinnati, Ohio, and in his teens was a successful boxer and semi-professional baseball player. By 1905, he was working in vaudeville on the Theater Owners Booking Association (TOBA) circuit as a singer and dancer, and started writing and producing sketches and stage shows, soon running his own touring troupe with his first wife. He managed at least two theaters for TOBA, and began writing for newspapers in Memphis and Indianapolis.
After moving to Chicago around 1920, he began writing theater reviews for the Chicago Defender, while attempting to break into the new radio industry as a performer. While working for the Defender in Washington, D.C. he first appeared on radio, writing and performing comic sketches on station WCAP. He returned to Chicago in 1926 and developed a proposal for a new show, The All-Negro Hour, which premiered on WSBC on November 3, 1929. The show was initially broadcast on a weekly basis, and contained live music and comedy sketches, but Cooper gradually modified and expanded its content. It became successful with both listeners and commercial sponsors and continued until 1936. By the mid-1930s, Cooper presented 91⁄2 hours each week on WSBC. He was one of the first, if not the first, to broadcast gramophone records, including gospel music and jazz, using his own phonograph. In 1938, he created a new show, Search for Missing Persons, designed to reunite listeners with family members who they had lost contact with. He also pioneered a mobile news team to cover items of interest to Chicago's black community.
By 1947, his production company Jack L. Cooper Presentations controlled about 40 hours per week on four different stations in Chicago. He promoted African Americans as presenters, and was among the first to broadcast commentaries on Negro league baseball games and news targeted at the black community. He also actively supported African-American youth organizations including the South Side Boy's Club. In contrast with later DJs like Al Benson, Cooper scrupulously avoided using slang expressions or broadcasting vaudeville or urban blues recordings:
   "His announcing privileged standard American English over the black vernacular, a preference he shared with the most affluent and educated African Americans. In effect, Cooper and his team became the voice of the urban black bourgeoisie and a symbol of racial uplift."
Cooper retired from broadcasting in 1959, and died in Chicago in 1970 at the age of 81. In 1975, a park in the West Pullman neighborhood was officially named Cooper Park in his honor.
# Bräunrode

Bräunrode is a village and a former municipality in the Mansfeld-Südharz district, Saxony-Anhalt, Germany.
Since 1 January 2010, it is part of the town Arnstein.
# Staraya Raychikha

Staraya Raychikha (Russian: Старая Райчиха) is a rural locality (a selo) in Staroraychikhinsky Selsoviet of Bureysky District, Amur Oblast, Russia. The population was 324 as of 2018. There are 7 streets.

## Geography

Staraya Raychikha is located on the right bank of the Raychikha River, 58 km west of Novobureysky (the district's administrative centre) by road. Uspenovka is the nearest rural locality.
# Azov-Black Sea Krai

Azov-Black Sea Krai (Russian: Азово-Черноморский край, romanized: Azovo-Chernomorskiy kray) was an early krai of the Russian SFSR of the Soviet Union. Its capital was Rostov-on-Don.
It was formed on 10 January 1934 out of the North Caucasus Krai. According to the 1937 All-Union Census, it had population of 5,601,759.
On 13 September 1937 it was split into Krasnodar Krai and Rostov Oblast.
# Chamlu Gabin

Chamlu Gabin (Persian: چملوگبين, also Romanized as Chamlū Gabīn; also known as Yāhalīq (Persian: ياهليق), Chamlagaban, Chamleh Jaban, and Chamlūgaben) is a village in Shal Rural District, Shahrud District, Khalkhal County, Ardabil Province, Iran.
It is located in the Alborz (Elburz) mountain range.
At the 2006 census, its population was 68, in 20 families.
# Kalynivka settlement hromada, Fastiv Raion, Kyiv Oblast

Kalynivka settlement hromada (Ukrainian: Калинівська селищна громада) is a hromada of Ukraine, located in Fastiv Raion, Kyiv Oblast. Its administrative center is the town of Kalynivka.
It has an area of 193.3 square kilometres (74.6 sq mi) and a population of 15,777, as of 2020.
The hromada includes 15 settlements: 1 town (Kalynivka), and 14 villages:
* Bahryn
* Bobrytsia
* Varovychi
* Velyka Soltanivka
* Danylivka
* Dibrova
* Kozhukhivka
* Lypovyi Skytok
* Mala Soltanivka
* Plesetske
* Poradivka
* Rulykiv
* Skrypky
* Khlepcha
# Norenberg

Norenberg may refer to:
* Ińsko (German: Nörenberg), a town in Poland.
* Lynn Barry (née Norenberg), a former assistant director of United States women's basketball and former adviser to the Women's National Basketball Association.
* Jacob Norenberg, a Norwegian sprint canoer.
# Roshchino, Amur Oblast

Roshchino (Russian: Рощино) is a rural locality (a selo) in Razdolnensky Selsoviet of Tambovsky District, Amur Oblast, Russia. The population was 146 as of 2018. There are 3 streets.

## Geography

Roshchino is located 27 km southwest of Tambovka (the district's administrative centre) by road. Razdolnoye is the nearest rural locality.
# Mahmoud Shokry

Mahmoud Shokry (Arabic: محمود شكري, Maḥmood Shukrī, also transliterated as Mahmoud Shoukry or Mahmoud Shukri), was a chief of staff of the Egyptian Army with the rank of Fariq (Lt. General). He was appointed by King Farouk after the signing of the Anglo-Egyptian Treaty of 1936 which led to the withdrawal of British forces from Egypt. He has a street in the heart of Cairo named after him.
# Falam language

Falam Chin (also known as Lai) is a Kuki-Chin language in Falam Township, Chin State, Myanmar,
Falam Chin is closely related to most Central Chin languages, especially Hakha Chin. The Falam people are primarily Christian and have translated the Bible into Falam Chin.

## Dialects

Ethnologue lists the following dialects of Falam:
* Tlaisun (Shunkla, Sunkhla, Taishon, Tashom, Tashon)
* Laizo (Laiso, Laizao, Laizo-Shimhrin)
* Zahao (Lyen-Lyem, JaHau Yahow, Zahau, Zahau-Shimhrin, Za-How)
* Sim
Falam takes its name from a village, founded by the Tlaisun (in English, 'Tashon') tribe, and Tashon was the original language spoken in Falam. Falam grew in population from the surrounding tribes from Sunthla (also 'Sunkhla'), Sim and Zahau (also 'Zahao') that created a new language based on these three tribes, very different from the Tlaisun language. This language was later popularly known as Laizo. Laizo was recorded as the first language used in the official radio broadcasting dialect of Chin in Myanmar (Burma). In order to be inclusive in Laizo, the name was later changed to Falam, although its official name is still Laizo.
Rupini and Koloi are also quite different. The Chorei and Zanniat dialects (collectively known as Baro Halam) may be considered separate languages. Tapong has lower intelligibility with other Falam Chin dialects, having 75% lexical similarity with Zanniat. Dialects once misleadingly called Southern Luhupa are actually Northern Kuki-Chin, and evidently Falam.
Ethnologue reported the following speaker populations of Falam dialects in 1983: 9,000 Taisun, 16,000 Zanniat, 7,000 Khualsim, 4,000 Lente, 14,400 Zahau, 18,600 Laizo.

## Phonology

The Falam language has five spoken vowels, but in writing, six are used. Of the five spoken, three of them, /u/, /a/, and /ɔ/ are spoke from the back of the mouth, /i/ is spoken from the top of the mouth, and /e/ is spoken from the middle. /ɔ/ can be pronounced as aw or o.

## Writing system

Falam Chin is written using the Latin script, with the exception of the letters Q, Y, J and X. The consonants ṭ (t with dot), ng (Guttural sound), and aw vowel (IPA [ɔː] or [ɑː]) are frequently used in both Chin literature and speaking.
This is a sample of written Falam Chin:
# Silje Schei Tveitdal

Silje Schei Tveitdal (born 24 April 1974) is a Norwegian environmentalist and politician for the Socialist Left Party. She served as the party secretary from 2009 to 2015.

## Biography

Silje Schei Tveitdal was the leader of Natur og Ungdom in 1997 and 1998. Before being leader she had been deputy leader since 1994. After leaving Natur og Ungdom she studied social economics at the University of Oslo and is advisor for the Socialist Left Party member in Standing Committee on Energy and the Environment in the Norwegian legislature. She was also chairperson of Zero Emission Resource Organisation (ZERO) from its start in 2002. In 2009 she succeeded Edle Daasvand as party secretary of the Socialist Left Party.
She is married to Lars Haltbrekken.
# Huliaipole urban hromada

Huliaipole urban territorial hromada (Ukrainian: Гуляйпільська міська територіальна громада, romanized: Huliaipilska miska terytorialna hromada) is a hromada of Ukraine, administratively located in Polohy Raion, Zaporizhzhia Oblast. Its administrative center is the city Huliaipole.
The area of the hromada is 676.75 square kilometers, and its population was 19,564 (as of 2020).
Liudmyla Honchar was elected head of the hromada in autumn 2020.

## Composition

The hromada contains the city and administrative center Huliaipole, the urban-type settlement of Zaliznychne, and 30 villages:
* Vesele [uk]
* Huliaipilske [uk]
* Dorozhnianka
* Zahirne
* Zatyshshia [uk]
* Zelene
* Zelenyi Hay
* Krasnohirske
* Marfopil [uk]
* Myrne [uk]
* Nove
* Novovasylivske
* Novohryhorivka
* Novoivanivka
* Novomykolaivka
* Novouspenivske
* Obratne
* Pavlivka [uk]
* Pryvilne
* Rybne [uk]
* Rivnopillia
* Sviatopetrivka
* Solodke
* Staroukrainka
* Stepanivka
* Temyrivka
* Uspenivka
* Charivne
* Chervone
* Yablunkove
# Postolivka, Ternopil Oblast

Postolivka (Ukrainian: Постолівка) is a village in Husiatyn settlement hromada, Chortkiv Raion, Ternopil Oblast, Ukraine.

## History

The first written mention is from 1546.
After the liquidation of the Husiatyn Raion on 19 July 2020, the village became part of the Chortkiv Raion.

## Religion

* Church of the Nativity of John the Baptist (1844, brick)
* Roman Catholic Church of the Holy Apostles Peter and Paul (1890, brick)
# Ross Graham (footballer)

Ross James Graham (born 23 February 2001) is a Scottish professional footballer who plays as a central defender for Scottish Premiership club Dundee United. He has also played for Elgin City, Cove Rangers and Dunfermline Athletic on loan before making his Premiership debut for Dundee United in 2022.

## Early life

Graham was born in Blairgowrie, Perth and Kinross, where he attended Newhill Primary School. He began playing football at Blairgowrie & Rattray Community F.C. From 2013 he attended St John's Roman Catholic High School in Dundee where he was part of the Scottish Football Association (SFA) Performance School Programme.

## Personal life

Ross Graham is the son of former footballer who shares his son's name as James Ross Graham his dad played football as a striker for Scottish clubs such as East Fife, Arbroath and Montrose.

## Career
### Club

As well as progressing through the SFA programme, Graham joined the Dundee United Academy in 2012 from Dundee West. He was initially an attacking midfielder before being converted to a central defender. After impressing for the club's under-17 team, he signed a professional contract in July 2018. Early in the 2018–19 season, he made two first team appearances as youthful United teams faced St Johnstone Colts and Alloa Athletic in the Scottish Challenge Cup.
In September 2019, Graham signed a new three-year contract with Dundee United. After being an unused substitute for the first team on several occasions, he joined Scottish League Two club Elgin City on loan in January 2020 for the rest of the 2019–20 season. He made eight appearances for Elgin before the season was cut short due to the COVID-19 pandemic.
Graham began the 2020–21 season training with Dundee United's first team squad before going on loan again, joining League One club Cove Rangers in October for the rest of the season. He made 23 appearances for Cove in all competitions. In July 2021 he signed a further three-year contract extension with Dundee United and then immediately departed on another season's loan, with Championship club Dunfermline Athletic.
At Dunfermline, Graham played in the first seven matches of the season, but after only one further appearance and a change of manager at the club, his loan was cut short in January 2022. Returning to Dundee United, he made his league debut for the club as a substitute against Celtic in a 1–0 Scottish Premiership defeat at Celtic Park on 29 January 2022.

### International

Graham played three times for the Scotland under-21 team during 2022, scoring one goal.
# Apor Szentgyörgyi

Apor Szentgyörgyi (Hungarian: Szentgyörgyi Apor; died after 1360) was a Hungarian noble in the 14th century. He was also known as Apor of Tátika.

## Life

Apor was the first member of the short-lived Szentgyörgyi family, which originated from the Zala branch of the extended gens (clan) Péc, which had large-scale possessions in several counties of Transdanubia, in addition to other parts of the Kingdom of Hungary. He was a son of Lucas III Péc, who served as ispán of Zala County in the 1290s. He had four brothers, Desiderius, Stephen II, Egidius and Nicholas, who had no known descendants.
He took the surname Szentgyörgyi. He is first mentioned by contemporary records in 1341. He was familiaris in the episcopal court of John Garai, Bishop of Veszprém. He served as castellan of Sümeg in 1347. He was last mentioned by sources in 1360, when unlawfully seized the village of Maros from the Diocese of Veszprém, alongside his brother Desiderius. He had three sons, but the Szentgyörgyi family became extinct by the 1360s.

### Family

* Apor (fl. 1341–60)
** Peter (fl. 1353–64)
** John (fl. 1353–64)
** Stephen (mentioned as "late" in 1431)
# Gérard Majax

Gérard Faier, known as Gérard Majax (April 28, 1943) is a French illusionist.
He has appeared in many television programs, magic demonstrations, and movies.
From 1987 until 2002 he, along with Jacques Théodor and Henri Broch of the Laboratoire de Zététique at the University of Nice Sophia-Antipolis, oversaw the International Zetetic Challenge.
During the 1990s, on a late night television show by Thierry Ardisson Majax gave a demo of the "rotating table" supernatural phenomenon: a group of "randomly" selected people from the audience stood around a round table, put their hands on it, and the table went up and started rotating. Observation of a video recording made of this event showed that some participants had metal hacks hidden in the sleeves of their jackets. When the participants put the hands on the table, the hacks "pinched" the table underneath, allowing it to be lifted.
In 2000, he created The Hallucinoscope, a virtual reality system that works without electronics and gives the user the impression of walking above ground.
# Jamkan

Jamkan (Persian: جامكان, also Romanized as Jāmkān) is a village in Kuhestan Rural District, in the Central District of Nain County, Isfahan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 15, in 8 families.
# San Damiano Macra

San Damiano Macra (Occitan: Sant Damian; Piedmontese: San Damian) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Cuneo in the Italian region of Piedmont, located about 70 kilometres (43 mi) southwest of Turin and about 25 kilometres (16 mi) northwest of Cuneo.
San Damiano Macra borders the following municipalities: Cartignano, Castelmagno, Celle di Macra, Dronero, Frassino, Macra, Melle, Roccabruna, and Sampeyre.

## History

In 1716 it merged with Pagliero. In 1929, the municipalities of Lottulo and Paglieres were joined to San Damiano.
# Alexander Abraham (boxer)

Alexander "Alex" Abraham (born Alexander Abrahamyan on 14 July 1981 in Yerevan, Armenia) is a former Armenian-German professional boxer residing in Berlin, Germany. On 25 October 2008 he won the vacant EBU-EE light middleweight title from Roman Dzhuman and retained it twice. He is the younger brother of Arthur Abraham.

## Amateur career

Alexander Abraham boxed as an amateur for the boxing department of 1. FC Nürnberg and won several regional championship titles during this time in the light welter and welterweight divisions. His greatest success was his victory at the International German Junior Welterweight Championship in 1997.

## Professional career

In 2003 he was hired by Wilfried Sauerland together with his brother, Arthur Abraham. He won his first professional fight on November 22, 2003 against the Czech Petr Rykala, winning by knockout in the second round. He only drew against Senegalese Sylvain Gomis in April 2005. In October 2008 he won the vacant EBU-EE light middleweight title against the Ukrainian Roman Dzuman.

## Retirement

Abraham announced his retirement on 7 February 2010 at the age of 28, due to an unexplained dizziness. Although intensive examinations did not produce any negative results in advance, the stall of profibox promoter Wilfried Sauerland agreed with the boxer's request for a contract termination.
# Wawi

Wawi (Thai: วาวี, pronounced) is a tambon (subdistrict) of Mae Suai District, in Chiang Rai Province, Thailand. In 2018 it had a total population of 25,476 people.

## History

The subdistrict was created effective September 15, 1979 by splitting off 10 administrative villages from Mae Suai.

## Administration
### Central administration

The tambon is subdivided into 27 administrative villages (muban).
| No. | Name | Thai |
| 01. | Ban Wawi | บ้านวาวี |
| 02. | Ban Pa Kio | บ้านปางกิ่ว |
| 03. | Ban Doi Chang | บ้านดอยช้าง |
| 04. | Ban Doi Lan | บ้านดอยล้าน |
| 05. | Ban Huai Masang | บ้านห้วยมะซาง |
| 06. | Ban Huai Pu | บ้านห้วยปู |
| 07. | Ban Thung Phrao | บ้านทุ่งพร้าว |
| 08. | Ban Thung Phrao | บ้านทุ่งพร้าว |
| 09. | Ban Huai Khilek Kao | บ้านห้วยขี้เหล็กเก่า |
| 10. | Ban Saen Charoen Kao | บ้านแสนเจริญเก่า |
| 11. | Ban Huai Nam Yen | บ้านห้วยน้ำเย็น |
| 12. | Ban Pong Klang Nam | บ้านโป่งกลางน้ำ |
| 13. | Ban Huai Khrai | บ้านห้วยไคร้ |
| 14. | Ban Khu Suai | บ้านขุสรวย |
| 15. | Ban Mae Mo Yao | บ้านแม่โมงเย้า |
| 16. | Ban Ya Nam | บ้านย่านำ |
| 17. | Ban Pha Daeng Luang | บ้านผาแดงหลวง |
| 18. | Ban Huai Kla | บ้านห้วยกล้า |
| 19. | Ban Chuchi | บ้านจู้จี้ |
| 20. | Ban Lao Li | บ้านเลาลี |
| 21. | Ban Huai Nam Un | บ้านห้วยน้ำอุ่น |
| 22. | Ban Mang Kala | บ้านมังกาล่า |
| 23. | Ban Pang Kuseng | บ้านปางกู่เส็ง |
| 24. | Ban Pang Klang | บ้านปางกลาง |
| 25. | Ban Mai Phatthana | บ้านใหม่พัฒนา |
| 26. | Ban Doi Chang Lisu | บ้านดอยช้างลีซู |
| 27. | Ban Doi Chang Mai | บ้านดอยช้างใหม่ |

### Local administration

The whole area of the subdistrict is covered by the subdistrict administrative organization (SAO) Wawi (องค์การบริหารส่วนตำบลวาวี).
# Khalaj Rud

Khalaj Rud (Persian: خلج رود, also Romanized as Khalaj Rūd; also known as Chāleh Jārū, Halāchārū, and Ḩalachrūd) is a village in Khezel-e Gharbi Rural District, in the Central District of Kangavar County, Kermanshah Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 291, in 70 families.
# Ložnica, Velenje

Ložnica (pronounced) is a settlement in the Municipality of Velenje in northern Slovenia. It lies in the Ložnica Hills (Slovene: Ložničko gričevje) south of Velenje. The area is part of the traditional region of Styria. The entire municipality is now included in the Savinja Statistical Region.
# David Whyte (rugby union)

David Whyte (21 February 1940 – 25 November 2021) was a Scotland international rugby union player. He was also a noted Long Jumper and represented Scotland at the sport.

## Rugby Union career
### Amateur career

Whyte went to primary at Castlehill in Cupar, before moving to Bell Baxter High School. He played for the high school side.
He played a few times for Howe of Fife.
He went to St. Andrews University to study English Language and Literature. He played for the University of St Andrews rugby union side and then captained the side.
At Oxford University he studied for a Diploma in Education; and there he earned a blue and played rugby union for Oxford University.
He played for Edinburgh Wanderers.
He was part of their Sevens side which won the Miller Cup in the Edinburgh Charity Sevens of 1966, beating Oxford University in the final.

### Provincial career

He played for North and Midlands at the school level, before playing for their senior side.

### International career

He captained the Scottish Universities XV while at St. Andrews and Oxford Universities.
He made a Barbarians debut in 1962, before being capped for Scotland.
He received 13 caps for Scotland between 1965 and 1967.

## Athletics career
### Amateur career

He represented Dundee Hawkhill Harriers. When he moved to Edinburgh, he then represented the Edinburgh Southern Harriers.

### International career

He represented both Scotland and Great Britain at the long jump.
He won 3 Scottish Championship titles at long jump; and one at triple jump.
He won the 1959 British Championship long jump at White City in London.

## Teaching career

He was a teacher at various schools in Scotland, including Strathallan School in Perthshire; and in 1983 became a rector of Golspie High School in Sutherland. He was a founder member of the East Sutherland Rotary Club.

## Death

In his eighties he moved back to Dunfermline to be closer to his family. He died in Victoria Hospital, Kirkcaldy after a short illness.
# Calvin Whiting

Calvin Whiting (born November 30, 1995) is a South African-born American rugby union player who plays at center for the Utah Warriors in Major League Rugby (MLR). He also represents the USA playing for the United States men's national team.
Whiting has also represented the United States playing at age-grade level.

## Early life

Whiting was born on November 30, 1995, in Johannesburg, South Africa. Whiting moved to Utah in 2011 and attended Lone Peak High School in Highland, Utah. Whiting began attending Brigham Young University in 2015, where he has studied business management and played for the school's rugby team.

## Club career

Whiting signed with Major League Rugby's Utah Warriors in early 2019 for the 2019 Major League Rugby season.

## International career
### USA High School All-Americans

Whiting was named to the United States national under-19 rugby union team (High School All-Americans) three times and served as a team captain.

### USA Eagles

Whiting was first named to the roster for the USA Eagles ahead of the 2017 Americas Rugby Championship. Whiting made his debut for the Eagles on February 25, 2017, appearing as a substitute, in a 57–9 victory against Chile. Whiting also played for the Eagles on March 4, 2017, appearing as a substitute, in an uncapped match against Argentina XV.
# Lokva

Lokva (Serbian: Локва) is a village in the municipality of Knjaževac, Serbia. According to the 2002 census, the village has a population of 69 people.
# Zav-e Bala

Zav-e Bala (Persian: زاوبالا, also Romanized as Zāv-e Bālā; also known as Zāv) is a village in Zavkuh Rural District, Pishkamar District, Kalaleh County, Golestan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 443, in 98 families.
# Pinwe

Pinwe (Burmese: ပင်ဝယ်ရွာ) is a village in Indaw Township, Katha District, in the Sagaing Region of northern-central Myanmar.
The village has a railway station on the Mandalay–Myitkyina line.

## History

During the Burma campaign it was the site of a three-week-long battle, which resulted in Pinwe being captured by the 36th Infantry Division, from Japanese forces, on 30 November 1944.