OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Borowa Wieś

Borowa Wieś (German: Neudorf) is a sołectwo in the north west of Mikołów, Silesian Voivodeship, southern Poland. It was an independent village but as a part of gmina Mokre was administratively merged into Mikołów in 1975.
The biggest landmark of Borowa Wieś is wooden Saint Nicholas church, originally built in 1640 in Przyszowice, moved to Borowa Wieś in years 1937–1939.

## History

The village was established in the 16th century by Karol von Promnitz, the owner of the Duchy of Pless. Initially the village was known as Neudorf (Polish: Nowa Wieś, literally New Village), whereas the current name, derived from the Polish word bór (a conifer forest), appeared in the 18th century. In the 18th century it was annexed by the Kingdom of Prussia, and from 1871 it was part of Germany.
After World War I, in 1918 Poland regained independence, and in the Upper Silesia plebiscite 381 out of 421 voters in Borowa Wieś voted in favour of joining Poland, against 41 opting for staying in Germany.
During World War II Borowa Wieś was occupied by Germany. In the final stages of the war, in January 1945, the Germans murdered 31 prisoners of the Auschwitz concentration camp in Borowa Wieś during a death march.

## Notable people

* pl:Robert Gajda (1890–1952), Polish priest and composer
* Joachim Maj [pl] (1932–2019), Polish speedway rider
# János Fliszár

János Fliszár (Slovene: Janoš Flisar; June 21, 1856 – June 21, 1947) was a Hungarian Slovenian translator, poet, writer, journalist, and teacher.
He was born in the village of Šalamenci in the Prekmurje region of the Kingdom of Hungary; his parents were Miklós Fliszár and Ilona Zsibrik. He enrolled in the elementary school in Puconci in 1862, and later studied in Nemescsó near Kőszeg. Until 1868 he studied at the Lutheran Lyceum in Sopron, graduating in June 1875. In October the same year he started working as teacher in Križevci. There he was married to the daughter of the writer János Berke in 1878 (she died in 1905).
In 1911 he retired and worked in Murska Sobota. Until 1923 he worked as the director of the Murska Sobota dormitory.
Fliszár wrote some poetry and translated the Hungarian literature (by János Arany, Kálmán Mikszáth, Sándor Petőfi, Mór Jókai, etc.). His translations were published in the United States, in the newspaper Amerikanszki Szlovencov glász, published by the Hungarian Slovenian and Prekmurje immigrants to the United States.
After World War I, Fliszár lived in Yugoslavia and supported radical Hungarian irredentism. His Magyar-vend szótár (Hungarian-Slovene Dictionary) contains 50,000 words.
# Elim Pavlovich Demidov, 3rd Prince of San Donato

Count Elim Pavlovich Demidov, 3rd Prince of San Donato (Russian: Елим Павлович Демидов; 6 August (20 June, per Ferrand) 1868, in Hietzing suburb of Vienna – 28 March 1943, in Athens) of the Demidov industrial family, was the Russian Empire's last ambassador to Greece, where he and his wife remained in exile and him as White Russian ambassador.

## Life

Elim Demidov was the only son of Princess Maria Meshcherskaya and Pavel Pavlovitch Demidov, 2nd Prince of San Donato. His mother, descended from indigenous princes of the Volga Finns of Meshchera and Mordovia, died two days after his birth, whilst Elim's paternal grandmother was the Finnish beauty and philanthropist Aurora Karamzin.
Elim got close with his grandmother Aurora, who took care of him as an infant. His father died when Elim was just 18 years old. He had six half-brothers and half-sisters from his father's second marriage with Princess Elena (Hélène) Petrovna Trubetskaya.
He married Countess Sophia Hilarionovna Vorontsova-Dashkova (9 August 1870, Novo Temnikovo - 16 April 1953, Athens), in Saint Petersburg on 18 April 1893. They had no children.
Speculating in 1895 about the richest man on earth, The Atlanta Journal-Constitution stated that "the wealth of Elim Demidoff is beyond calculation".
In the early 20th century, Emperor Nicholas II sent prince Elim as the Russian ambassador to the Greek court. His Greek connections played a role when he arranged his nephew Prince Paul of Yugoslavia to marry Princess Olga of Greece and Denmark in 1923.
He died in 1943, and is buried with his wife at the Russian Orthodox Church of the Holy Trinity, Athens. His half-brother Anatoly Pavlovich Demidov became the 4th Prince of San Donato.

## Writings

* Hunting Trips in the Caucasus (1898)
* After wild sheep in the Altai and Mongolia (1900)
# Township 8

Township 8 may refer to:
* Leesville Township, Wake County, North Carolina
* Township 8, Benton County, Arkansas
* Township 8, Rooks County, Kansas
# Rud Avar

Rud Avar (Persian: روداور, also Romanized as Rūd Āvar; also known as Rood Av) is a village in Hayaquq-e Nabi Rural District, in the Central District of Tuyserkan County, Hamadan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 662, divided in 189 families.
# Svetilnovo

Svetilnovo (Russian: Светильново) is a rural locality (a village) in Kupriyanovskoye Rural Settlement, Gorokhovetsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 8 as of 2010. There are 2 streets.

## Geography

Svetilnovo is located 10 km southeast of Gorokhovets (the district's administrative centre) by road. Velikovo is the nearest rural locality.
# Ramachandra Rao

Ramachandra Rao is an Indian given name:
* S. K. Ramachandra Rao (1925–2006), Indian author, Sanskrit scholar, and professor of psychology.
* K. V. P. Ramachandra Rao (born 1948), Member of Parliament in India.
* Tagadur Ramachandra Rao (1898–1980s), veteran freedom fighter and social activist from Karnataka
* Goparaju Ramachandra Rao (1902–1975), Indian social reformer, atheist activist and a participant in the Indian independence movement
* Ogirala Ramachandra Rao (1905–1957), Indian film actor, music director
* R. Ramachandra Rao (1871–1936), Indian civil servant, mathematician and social and political activist.
* Udupi Ramachandra Rao (1932–2017), popularly known as U. R. Rao is a space scientist.
* Gattu Ramachandra Rao, Indian politician
* C. Ramachandra Rao (born 1931), Telugu Short Story writer
* T. Ramachandra Rao (1825–1879), Indian civil servant.
* Patcha Ramachandra Rao (1942–2010), metallurgist and administrator
* Ramachandra Vitthala Rao (1850–1892)
* Yelsetti Ramachandra Rao Rai Bahadur (1885–1972), Indian entomologist
* Chintamani Nagesa Ramachandra Rao (born 1934), Indian chemist
# Kahriz, Ardabil

Kahriz (Persian: كهريز, also Romanized as Kahrīz) is a village in Mehmandust Rural District, Kuraim District, Nir County, Ardabil Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 154, in 35 families.
# Nikolai Vychuzhanin

Nikolai Alexeyevich Vychuzhanin (Russian: Николай Алексеевич Вычужанин; 23 February 1919 – 26 June 1964) was a Red Army junior lieutenant and a Hero of the Soviet Union. Vychuzhanin was awarded the title on 15 January 1944 for his actions in crossing the Dnieper in eastern Belarus, in which he commanded a 37th Guards Rifle Division machine gun platoon. Vychuzhanin's platoon, according to his Hero of the Soviet Union citation, repulsed 20 counterattacks, killing up to 400 German soldiers. After the war, Vychuzhanin left the army and worked in agriculture.

## Early life

Vychuzhanin was born on 23 February 1919 to a peasant family in Ashkeldino, Kostroma Governorate (now Nizhny Novgorod Oblast's Tonkinsky District). He graduated from fifth grade and became a brigadier of tractor drivers, leading a collective farm brigade. In 1939, he was drafted into the Red Army.

## World War II

Vychuzhanin fought in combat during World War II from 1942. He joined the Communist Party of the Soviet Union in 1943. Vychuzhanin fought in the Battle of Stalingrad, becoming commander of a machine gun platoon in the 37th Guards Rifle Division's 118th Guards Rifle Regiment. In September and October 1943, he fought in the crossing of the Desna River and the Sozh River. On 17 October 1943 he was awarded the Order of the Red Banner for his actions in the crossing of the rivers.
On 21 October, Vychuzhanin crossed the Dnieper with his platoon near Starodubka in Loyew District. His platoon covered the regiment's crossing with machine gun fire. In the battles for the bridgehead, he fought in the German trenches, capturing two light machine guns and reportedly using them to kill a German anti-tank gun crew and a mortar crew. His platoon was reported to have repulsed twenty counterattacks, killing up to 400 German soldiers. On 15 January 1944, Vychuzhanin was awarded the title Hero of the Soviet Union and the Order of Lenin for his actions.

## Postwar

Vychuzhanin was discharged from the Red Army after the war. He lived and worked in the village of Adayevka in the Kamyshninsky District of Kostanay Region in northwestern Kazakhstan. Vychuzhanin participated in the Virgin Lands Campaign, a Soviet agricultural campaign to improve agricultural productivity in north Kazakhstan. Vychuzhanin died on 26 June 1964 and was buried in Adayevka.

## Legacy

A street in Tonkino was named for Vychuzhanin. There is a memorial plaque on the building of the former regional agricultural machinery department.
# HMS Glasgow (1707)

HMS Glasgow was the Royal Scottish Navy vessel Royal Mary transferred to the Royal Navy by the Act of Union of 1707. Her design was based on the standardize 20-gun sixth rates. After commissioning she was assigned to Home Waters. She took a privateer in 1708 and another in 1712. She was sold in 1719.
Glasgow was the first vessel of this name in the Royal Navy.

## Construction

She was built for the Scottish Navy on the Thames in 1696 then transferred by the Act of Union to the Royal Navy in 1707. Her gun deck was 92 feet 6 inches (28.2 metres) with her keel reported for tonnage of 77 feet 0 inches (23.5 metres). Her breadth was 26 feet 4 inches (8.0 metres) and depth of hold 10 feet 18 inches (3.5 metres). Her builder's measure was 284 tons. She carried the standard armament of a sixth rate of twenty 6-pounders on the upper deck (UD) and four 4-pounders on the quarterdeck (QD). The 4-pounders were removed in August 1714.

## Commissioned service

She was commissioned in 1707 under the command of Commander James Hamilton, RN (promoted to captain in December 1707) for service at the Nore. James Hamilton had been her captain in the Scottish Navy holding a captain's rank under warrant of Queen Anne since 7 November 1705. Commander Thomas Egerton, RN, was in command from January 1708 followed by Commander Walter Massey, RN, from February 1708 with Admiral Byng's Fleet in the Downs and North Sea. On 1 May 1708 she took the privateer, La Fidele in the North Sea. Commander Thomas Dennett, RN (promoted captain January 1713) took command. She captured privateer, L'Amazone in the North Sea on 30 May 1712. In 1713 she was on quarantine guard in the Downs. In 1714 she underwent a hull repair at Portsmouth at a cost of £634.5.71/4 for building. Her final commander was Captain William Lloyd, RN, in February 1715 for service in the English Channel followed by the North Sea in 1717. She sailed with a Baltic Convoy in 1718.

## Disposition

She was sold at Deptford for £115 on 20 August 1719.
# Yayladalı, Gerger

Yayladalı (Kurdish: Gîvdîş) is a village in the Gerger District, Adıyaman Province, Turkey. The village is populated by Kurds of the Mirdêsî tribe and had a population of 309 in 2021.
The hamlets of Kemerli, Oyalı and Soğanlı are attached to the village.
# Barıştepe, Midyat

Barıştepe (in Turkish “Peace Hill”, Syriac: Saleh, Kurdish: Selhê) is a neighbourhood in the municipality and district of Midyat, Mardin Province in Turkey. The village is populated by Assyrians and by Kurds of the Arnas tribe and had a population of 1,026 in 2021.
In the village, there is the Syriac Orthodox Mor Yakup Monastery. The construction of the monastery dates back to the 6th century AD during the Byzantine era, and was later reconstructed in the 8th century. Right next to it there are the remains of an ancient temple.

## Gallery

* Mor Yakup Monastery
* Remains of ancient temple
# Ovčinec

Ovcinec (Serbian: Ovčinec/Ovcinec;Albanian: Ovqinec) is a mountain peak found in Kosovo. Murga reaches a top height of 2,177 m (7,142 ft).
# Al Rasheed TV

Al Rasheed Satellite Channel (Arabic: قناة الرشيد الفضائية) is an Iraq-based satellite television channel broadcasting from Baghdad where its headquarters is located. Al Rasheed programming includes: news programs, drama and comedy shows. The channel is Owned by Saad Asem Al Janabi and his son Asem Saad Al Janabi.

## Availability

The channel is available for its Arab audience throughout the world via satellite. Online streaming is available through its website.
# Ferenc Sánta Jr.

Ferenc Sánta Jr. (2 March 1945 – 22 October 2024) was a Hungarian Kossuth Prize and Franz Liszt Prize-winning violinist, fiddler and the artistic director of The Hungarian National Gipsy Orchestra.

## Biography

Sánta Jr. started playing violin at an early age of 7. He debuted in his father's band and completed musical school in Kaposvár. He played at Kaposvár Symphony Orchestra. Early in his musical career he was also the member of the Budapest Opera House orchestra. He has played with Gothenburg Symphony in 1969 and since then he is playing traditional Romani music. He made his first solo recording on Hungarian radio in 1972 and formed his first folk band in 1973. In 1981 he received the Hungarian television prize, in 1982 Hungarian radio prize, in 1995 the Cross of the Order of Merit of the Republic of Hungary award, in 2002 Franz Liszt Prize, in 2007 the Kossuth Prize, in 2009 Prima Primissima Prize and in 2011 he became the honorary citizen of Budapest. He was the maestro of The Hungarian National Gipsy Orchestra.
Sánta Jr. died on 22 October 2024, at the age of 79.

## Discography

* (1995) Ferenc Sánta and His Gypsy Band - Csárdás: Hungarian Gypsy Music - Naxos - 8.550954
* (1997) Ferenc Sánta Jr. and his Gypsy Band - A Hires Primas - Hungaroton - HCD10245
* Ferenc Sánta Jr. and his Gypsy Band - Hungarian Songs, Csardases - Hungaroton - HCD10330
# Bahtinov mask

The Bahtinov mask is a device used to focus small astronomical telescopes accurately. Although masks have long been used as focusing aids, the distinctive pattern was invented by Russian amateur astrophotographer Pavel Bahtinov (Russian: Павел Бахтинов) in 2005. Precise focusing of telescopes and astrographs is critical to performing astrophotography.
The telescope is pointed at a bright star, and a mask is placed in front of the telescope's objective (or in front of the aperture).
The mask consists of three separate grids, positioned in such a way that the grids produce three angled diffraction spikes at the focal plane of the instrument for each bright image element. As the instrument's focus is changed, the central spike appears to move from one side of the star to the other. In reality, all three spikes move, but the central spike moves in the opposite direction to the two spikes forming the "X". Optimal focus is achieved when the middle spike is centered between the other two spikes.
Small deviations from optimal focus are easily visible. For astrophotography, a digital image can be analyzed by software to locate the alignment of the spikes to sub-pixel resolution.
The direction of this displacement indicates the direction of the necessary focus correction. Rotating the mask through 180° will reverse the direction of spike movement, so it is easier to use if placed on the telescope with consistent orientation. The mask must be removed after accurate focus is achieved.
The mask works by replacing the aperture stop of the optical system (normally the circular shape of the objective itself) with a stop which is asymmetric and periodic. Viewing a point source (such as a star) yields a diffraction pattern at the focal plane representing the Fraunhofer diffraction transform of the aperture shape. This pattern normally would be an Airy disk resulting from a circular aperture, but with the mask in place, the pattern exhibits asymmetric spikes representing the transform of the mask pattern's spatial frequency and orientation. A very bright star and very dark sky are required to produce highly contrasted spikes that are clearly visible. The diffraction effect is similar to producing sunstar patterns in landscape photography with ordinary camera lenses, where the mechanical iris of the lens is adjusted to a small polygonal shape with sharp corners.
In the example below, the central pattern shows good focus. The central spike is noticeably displaced from the central position in the left and right images.
* Example diffraction patterns produced by a Bahtinov mask (middle: in focus, left and right: slightly out of focus)
* Simulation of the Bahtinov mask diffraction pattern, using "Maskulator". Each frame shows a focus difference of 140.6 μm.
# Kosva

The Kosva (Russian: Ко́сьва) is a river in Perm Krai and Sverdlovsk Oblast, Russia, a left tributary of the Kama. It is 283 kilometres (176 mi) long, with a drainage basin of 6,300 square kilometres (2,400 sq mi).
The river starts in the western portion of Sverdlovsk Oblast at the confluence of the Bolshaya Kosva (Large Kosva), flowing from the Pravdinsky Rock, and the Malaya Kosva (Small Kosva), flowing from the southern slope of the Kosvinsky Rock. It flows towards the west, and ends up in a bay of the Kama Reservoir. The Kosva is a mountain river with many waterfalls and rapids, among them the 6-kilometre (4 mi) long Tulymsky Falls. In the middle parts of the river lies the Shirokovskaya hydroelectric power plant with Shirokovskoe Reservoir. The town of Gubakha is situated by the Kosva.
Main tributaries:
* Left: Kyrya;
* Right: Tylay, Typyl, Nyar, Nyur, Pozhva
# Yemelyantsevo

Yemelyantsevo (Russian: Емельянцево) is a rural locality (a village) in Nagornoye Rural Settlement, Petushinsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 6 as of 2010. There are 5 streets.

## Geography

Yemelyantsevo is located on the Volga River, 18 km west of Petushki (the district's administrative centre) by road. Marochkovo is the nearest rural locality.
# Josip Jurčič

Josip Jurčič (4 March 1844 – 3 May 1881) was a Slovene writer and journalist. He was born in Muljava, Austrian Empire (now part of the municipality of Ivančna Gorica, Slovenia) and baptized Josephus Jurshizh. He died from tuberculosis in Ljubljana.
Jurčič followed the literary program proposed by Fran Levstik and was one of the most influential Slovene romantic realists.
The 15.6 km (9.7 mi)-long Jurčič Trail (Slovene: Jurčičeva pot) from Višnja Gora (where he attended primary school; he also attended school in Videm) through Muljava to the source of the Krka River and Krka Cave is named after him. The house where he was born is now an open-air museum.

## Selected works

* Pripovedka o beli kači (1861) (The Tale of the White Snake)
* Spomini na deda (1863) (Memories of Grandfather)
* Jurij Kozjak, slovenski janičar (1864) (Jurij Kozjak, a Slovene Janissary)
* Deseti brat (1866) (The Tenth Brother); now recognized as the first Slovene novel
* Veronika Deseniška (1881); a play
* Kozlovska sodba v Višnji Gori (1867) (The Famous Goat Trial); a humorous short story
# State Water Register

State Water Register (Russian: Государственный водный реестр) is a systematized collection of documented information on water bodies owned by the Russian Federation, subjects of the Russian Federation, municipalities, individuals and legal entities and individual entrepreneurs, on their use, and on river basins and watershed districts.
The register was created by the Resolution (legal act) of the Government of the Russian Federation № 253 of 28 April 2007 signed by Prime Minister of Russia, Mikhail Fradkov. The information contained in the register is publicly available, except if classified.
The register has three parts:
* Bodies of water and water resources, containing information on river basins, their watershed district, and other bodies of water located within the river basins;
* Water usage;
* Infrastructure on bodies of water, containing information on systems of water usage and hydroengineering and other structures located on bodies of water.
# Al-Tarmiya SC

Al-Tarmiya Sport Club (Arabic: نادي الطارمية الرياضي), is an Iraqi football team based in Al-Tarmiya, Baghdad, that plays in the Iraqi Second Division League.

## Managerial history

* Ahmed Dareb
* Khalil Lateef Abbas
* Ibrahim Abid
* Mohammed Jassim
* Ammar Mudhaffar
* Hashim Mohammed
# Akçayurt, Hani

Akçayurt (Kurdish: Derno) is a neighbourhood in the municipality and district of Hani, Diyarbakır Province in Turkey. The village is populated by Kurds and had a population of 65 in 2022.

## Disappearance of the village muhtar

A Kurdish muhtar (elected village head) after being released stated in a press statement that he had been tortured by Turkish gendarmes while in custody and forced to tell television journalists the PKK had burned his village, he stated when in fact it was the Turkish military who burned the village. On 18 August 1994 when returning to his village an eye-witness stated he was detained and taken via helicopter. He has not been seen since.
# Sangan District

Sangan District (Persian: بخش سنگان) is in Khaf County, Razavi Khorasan province, Iran. Its capital is the city of Sangan.

## Demographics
### Population

At the time of the 2006 National Census, the district's population was 19,726 in 4,291 households. The following census in 2011 counted 22,196 people in 5,342 households. The 2016 census measured the population of the district as 26,564 inhabitants in 6,664 households.

### Administrative divisions

Sangan District Population :
| Administrative Divisions | 2006 | 2011 | 2016 |
| Bostan RD | 7,316 | 8,248 | 9,344 |
| Pain Khaf RD | 3,692 | 4,448 | 4,777 |
| Sangan (city) | 8,718 | 9,500 | 12,443 |
| Total | 19,726 | 22,196 | 26,564 |
| RD = Rural District ||||
# Safoneyevo

Safoneyevo (Russian: Сафонеево) is a rural locality (a village) in Denisovskoye Rural Settlement, Gorokhovetsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 2 as of 2010.

## Geography

Safoneyevo is located on the Ilinda River, 26 km southwest of Gorokhovets (the district's administrative centre) by road. Nikitkino is the nearest rural locality.
# Denis Vambolt

Denis Eduardovich Vambolt (Russian: Денис Эдуардович Вамбольт; born 24 March 1995) is a Russian football goalkeeper who plays for FC Shinnik Yaroslavl.

## Club career

He made his debut in the Russian Football National League for FC Baltika Kaliningrad on 20 March 2016 in a game against FC Sibir Novosibirsk.

## Career statistics
### Club

    As of 10 December 2017
| Club | Season | League | League | League | Cup | Cup | Continental | Continental | Total | Total |
| Club | Season | Division | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals |
| FC Baltika Kaliningrad | 2013–14 | FNL | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | – | – | 0 | 0 |
| FC Baltika Kaliningrad | 2014–15 | FNL | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | – | – | 0 | 0 |
| FC Baltika Kaliningrad | 2015–16 | FNL | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | – | – | 3 | 0 |
| FC Baltika Kaliningrad | 2016–17 | FNL | 13 | 0 | 1 | 0 | – | – | 14 | 0 |
| FC Baltika Kaliningrad | Total | Total | 16 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 17 | 0 |
| FC Amkar Perm | 2016–17 | Russian Premier League | 0 | 0 | – | – | – | – | 0 | 0 |
| FC Amkar Perm | 2017–18 | Russian Premier League | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | – | – | 0 | 0 |
| FC Amkar Perm | Total | Total | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Career total | Career total | Career total | 16 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 17 | 0 |