OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# German Tower, Lima

The German Tower (Spanish: Torre Alemana), also known as the Clock Tower (Spanish: Torre del Reloj) or the University Clock (Spanish: Reloj Universitario), is a clock tower in the historic centre of Lima, Peru. It is located in front of the Casona de la Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, in the University Park at the intersection of Abancay and Nicolás de Piérola avenues. It was donated in 1921 by the German community in Lima, on the occasion of the Centennial of the Independence of Peru. At twelve in the day and at six in the afternoon, its chimes played the first stanza of the National Anthem of Peru.

## History

The German Tower was built as a gift from the resident German colony to commemorate the Centennial of the Independence of Peru. The German ambassador, Hans Paul von Humboldt-Dachroeden [de], commented that "a strong bond between both peoples and governments would be built and it would help to maintain and foster mutual understanding and friendship."
The construction of the clock tower was in charge of the German architect Friedrich Jordan Barkholtz (a native of Hamburg) and the engineering firm Dunkelberg and Pellry, who together with the German ambassador, the most notorious German families residing in Lima, in Chanchamayo and the mayor of the city, Pedro Pablo Mujica Carassa [es], celebrated the laying ceremony of the first stone on July 30, 1921. The Archbishop of Lima, Monsignor Emilio Lissón, also participated in said ceremony.
Although the German colony initially requested authorization to occupy land in the Park of the Exhibition, a place where a Lookout Tower would be built, it was built in 1922 in the University Park, where it is to this day.
On April 10, 1922, it was agreed, through a session chaired by Mayor Pedro Rada y Gamio, to officiate at the Foundation Company, so that the university park would be in presentable condition at the inauguration of the tower.
The Clock Tower was inaugurated on July 10, 1923; the first intervention was carried out on October 15, 1937, in which the clock was repaired by Antenor Z. Alvarado, and later in 1969 an attempt was made to repair it again.

## Gallery

* The tower and its surroundings in 1924
* The tower's plaque in German
* The tower at night
# Napoleon's Last HQ

Napoleon's Last HQ (French: Le dernier QG de Napoléon) is a museum housed in the Ferme du Caillou (Caillou Farm) at Genappe, Belgium, where the Emperor Napoleon stayed the night before the Battle of Waterloo on 18 June 1815. The site is located 4 kilometres (2.5 miles) south of the Lion of Waterloo, at Chaussée de Bruxelles 66, 1472 Genappe. Travelling north, the high road passes pass over the Waterloo battlefield through Waterloo and on to Brussels.

## History

In 1815 the farmhouse belonged to Séance de Caioux. Napoleon resided there on the night of the 17/18 of June 1815. It is the site of the breakfast conference at which Napoleon told his marshals, "Wellington is a bad general, the English are bad troops, and this affair is nothing more than eating breakfast".
A day after the battle, the Prussians, vowing that it should never again harbour their former enemy, burnt the farmhouse.

## Museum

The museum houses unique pieces, such as the Emperor's camp bed and table he used during the campaign.
* Ossuary built in 1912 in the garden to house bones found in the surrounding fields
* Bust of Napoleon by made by Luigi di Quintana Bellini Trinchi in 2002
# Kal Karimi

Kal Karimi (Persian: كل كرمي, also Romanized as Kal Karīmī) is a village in Rudbar Rural District, in the Central District of Rudbar-e Jonubi County, Kerman Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 521, in 105 families.
# Endkopf

The Endkopf (Italian: Cima Termine; German: Endkopf) is a mountain in the Ötztal Alps in South Tyrol, Italy.
# Khoshknudhan-e Pain

Khoshknudhan-e Pain (Persian: خشكنودهان پايين, also Romanized as Khoshknūdhān-e Pā’īn and Khoshk Now Dehān-e Pā’īn; also known as Arbākaleh, Gushkudagane, Khoshk Nowdahān, Khoshknowdehān, and Khoshk Nowdehān) is a village in Lulaman Rural District, in the Central District of Fuman County, Gilan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 1,243, in 327 families.
# Sotelúm

Sotelúm (Shlúm «Lúm» Sotelo Hebrew: שלוּם; born December 1, 1989, in Tijuana) is a modernist and independent music artist, listed by UABC Radio and other local press media as an elemental post-nortec visionary in the Mexican avant garde of electronic music.

## Career

From his early experiences as trumpet player, Sotelúm always expressed his affinity for Mexican folklore and Hebrew music, especially sephardic brass and klezmer styles. His music career began professionally in 2006 when he joined a mariachi street band on the world-famous Santa Cecilia square, where he practiced the Mexican music tradition, unnoticed until 2008.
From 2008 Sotelúm performed live in many projects including Nortec Panoptica Orchestra, Pato Banton & The Ghostownians and Sotelúm & The Minarete Brass Orchestra (his own production).
In early 2010, with the help of Pato Banton, Sotelúm founded Share The Light Music and launch his first studio LP; Minarete Brass an album that mixed Mexican folk music from the huasteca and tapatia regions with American standard styles like swing and jazz, clearly influenced by Herb Alpert & The Tijuana Brass.
During Hanukkah 2011, Sotelúm released his first formal approach to electronic music with the exposure of his first studio EP; Synthetiklezmer a bold and experimental fusion between sephardic brass and klezmer with the drum machines and synthesizers that introduced him to the EDM scene. The EP counted with the special collaboration of Gustavo Bulgach, Argentine-American clarinetist and bandleader of Klezmer Juice and Yiddish Tango Club.
In 2012, and after continuous collaborations with Big Javy from Inspector and Sonidero Travesura, Sotelúm released his second studio EP Huastech, a craft that mixed folk and electronic music heard in Synthetiklezmer, but this time with Mexican styles like mariachi and huasteca music. This material was produced and released in Guadalajara Mexico and many samples from Minarete Brass can be heard.
In 2013, Sotelúm launched his third studio EP Share The Light, that exposes the same synth/folk previous proffers, but incorporating his own vocals and voice participations of the Mexican singer Linda Owlen and the Peruvian-Israeli singer Einat Schmal.
In 2014, Sotelúm launched an eponymous compilation LP, Sotelúm.

## Discography
### LPs

* Minarete Brass (2010)
* Sotelúm (2014)

### EPs

* Synthetiklezmer (2011)
* Huastech (2012)
* Share the Light (2013)
# Norman Bethune Square

Norman Bethune Square (French: place Norman-Bethune) is a small urban square located in Downtown Montreal at the northwest intersection of Guy Street and De Maisonneuve Boulevard West. It is located close to Concordia University's Sir George Williams campus and is opposite the Guy-Concordia metro station. The main feature of the square is the statue of Dr. Norman Bethune, as well as trees, lighting, benches and an expanded sidewalk.

## Norman Bethune

Inaugurated on March 23, 1976, Norman Bethune Square is named after Norman Bethune (1890–1939), a Canadian doctor from Montreal. Although he was born in Gravenhurst, Ontario and died in China, Bethune resided in Montreal for eight years, from 1928 to 1936. It was during his stay in Montreal that he became a renowned thoracic surgeon, that his socialist ideas and convictions took shape, guiding him to a profound commitment towards social and humanitarian causes including joining the Communist Party of Canada.
While living in the city, Bethune innovated a number of ground-breaking medical instruments against tuberculosis. During the Great Depression, Bethune worked with Lea Roback and others to open a public clinic for the unemployed and poor as party of his cross-Canada advocacy for socialized medicine or public health care. After joining the Communist Party of Canada, he traveled to Spain as part of the International Brigades where he created one of the first mobile blood transfusion services during the Spanish Civil War. Bethune returned to Montreal to campaign for Republican Spain before leaving for China. Between 1938 and 1939, on the eve of World War II, Bethune traveled with the Chinese Workers' and Peasants' Red Army and he eventually contracted blood poisoning and died in China. The People's Republic of China offered the statue of Norman Bethune to the city of Montreal.

## Redesign

At the time of the 70th anniversary of the Bethune's participation in the World War II in China, the City of Montreal undertook a major renovation project of the square at a cost of C$3 million. The site was under substantial renovations as part of the redevelopment of De Maisonneuve Boulevard. The newly restored statue of Norman Bethune was unveiled on October 14, 2008. The square was completed in 2009.
# Žumberk Castle

The ruins of Žumberk Castle (Czech: Hrad Žumberk, German: Burg Sonnenberg) are located next to the market town of Žumberk in the Pardubice Region of the Czech Republic.

## History

The castle was probably built during the end of the 13th century, on a hilltop above the village, and was known under the German name Sunenberg (or Sonnenberg, later Sommerberg), which means sun (German = Sonne) mountain (or later namend summer (German = Sommer) mountain). Its walls formed a pentagon and were surrounded by a deep moat, with a service yard was placed next to the castle. Later, a township grew up under the hill.
The first known owner of the castle and neighbouring villages was a robber knight; ownership of the castle changed many times afterwards. At the beginning of the 18th century, the castle was not inhabited, though during 1760–70 a physician lived there. The castle became desolate and was left to be a source of construction material.
During 1926–48 the castle was owned by the Club of Czech Tourists, and its structure was stabilized to prevent further destruction. Today the market town of Žumberk is responsible for its maintenance, and access to the castle is unlimited and free.
# Insurance Europe

Insurance Europe is the European insurance and reinsurance federation. Insurance Europe, which is based in Brussels, Belgium, makes a major contribution to Europe's economic growth and development. The federation is the voice of the European insurance industry at European and international levels.

## Overview

Through its 37 member bodies national insurance associations — the national insurance associations — it represents all types of insurance and reinsurance undertakings, e.g. pan-European companies, monoliners, mutuals and SMEs. Insurance Europe, which is based in Brussels, Belgium, represents undertakings that account for around 95% of total European premium income. Insurance makes a major contribution to Europe's economic growth and development. European insurers pay out over €1 000bn annually — or €2.8bn a day — in claims, directly employ more than 920 000 people and invest over €10.6trn in the economy. In addition, Europe Insurances allocated approximately €150bn to sustainable investments.
Insurance Europe is a fair and reliable partner and a contact point for Institutions of the European Union, politicians and supervisors. The federation provides services to the European and international institutions to the benefit of its members. In the regulatory process, it represents the common interests of European insurers by developing, promoting, defending, illustrating and lobbying industry positions that are supported by technical research and expertise. Through government lobby, public affairs, industry forums and issue management, it contributes to achieve a positive political, social, business and economic environment in support of the industry.
Insurance Europe provides the infrastructure for an exchange information and experience between members. The federation also plays a supporting role in relation to its members and provides information and guidance on issues of interest to the European insurance sector.

## History

Insurance Europe was founded in 1953 as Comité Européen des Assurances (CEA). Insurance Europe had 18 members in 1953 and later had several dozen national member associations. Its aim was to observe the works of the OECD in Paris. Later, CEA shifted its attention and activities to the European arena, therefore adapting to the power structures resulting from the foundation of the European Community and its more recent evolution into the European Union. In March 2012, it changed its name from Comité Européen des Assurances to Insurance Europe.

## Mission statement

The Insurance Europe's mission is:
* To draw attention to issues of strategic interest to all European insurers and reinsurers in a sustainable manner.
* To raise awareness of insurers' and reinsurers' roles in providing insurance protection and security to the community as well as in contributing to economic growth and development.
* To promote – as the expert and representative voice of the insurance industry – a competitive and open market to the benefit of the European consumer as well as corporate clients.
# Rowień-Folwarki

Rowień-Folwarki (German: Rowin) is a district in the north-west of Żory, Silesian Voivodeship, southern Poland. It has an area of 6.1884 km$^2$ and in January, 2013 had 1,927 inhabitants.
It encompasses two former settlements:
* Rowień (German: Rowin)
* Folwarki (plural form of folwark, German: Vorbriegen)

## History

Rowień was first mentioned in a Latin document of Diocese of Wrocław called Liber fundationis episcopatus Vratislaviensis from around 1305 as item in Rovona decima solvitur more polonico et valet I) marcas. Folwarki evolved later, but was tied with Rowień.
After World War I in the Upper Silesia plebiscite 374 out of 407 voters in Rowień voted in favour of joining Poland, against 33 opting for staying in Germany, whereas in Folwarki (Vorbriegen) it was 59 out of 73 against 14.
In years 1945-1954 both villages were a part of gmina Boguszowice.
# Elisabeth Dane

Elisabeth Dane (9 January 1903 – 12 March 1984), was a German biochemist.

## Life

Elisabeth Dane was born on 9 January 1903 in Mayen, German Empire. She graduated from gymnasium in Munich in 1923. She attended the Universities of Freiburg, Munich and Berlin before earning her Ph.D. in chemistry from the latter institution. That same year she became assistant to the Nobel Laureate, Heinrich Otto Wieland. Dane qualified as a Privatdozentin in 1934 and began to direct the chemical practicum and seminar for medical scientists in 1939. She was appointed as an adjunct professor in 1941 despite not being a member of the Nazi Party. The following year she was appointed professor and conservator-restorer (German: Konservator). She died in Munich on 12 March 1984.

## Activities

Dane's dissertation was on the composition of the alkaloids in Lobelia inflata and a shortened version was published that same year in the journal Liebigs Annalen der Chemie. Working with Wieland, she researched the structure and composition of steroids and later worked on the constitution of bile. "With the aid of a cycloaddition, the Diels-Alder reaction, she was able to synthesize the tetracyclical system of steroids. In 1938 she was awarded the Carl-Duisberg prize for the work on female sexual organs that she published with J. Schmitt."
# Mini-Munchman

Mini-MunchMan is an LCD handheld electronic game that was released in 1981 in the UK by the manufacturer Grandstand. The game is a rebadged version of the Pac-Man clone Epoch-Man from Epoch.
In some markets, such as Australia, the game was badged "Mini-Arcade".

## Overview

Capitalising on the then-contemporary success of Namco's Pac-Man, the game was released in the same year as Grandstand's larger Munchman game and in the same yellow colour scheme (Conversely, Epoch Man is white). Mini-Munchman, however, is a pocket-sized device that includes additional features, such as a real-time clock, alarm, and stopwatch. The manufacturer later spawned a larger LCD version with greater screen area called Pocket Pac-Man.

## Hardware

The game uses a low consumption LCD-based screen, allowing for a small form factor design incorporating alkaline button power cells. The game requires two LR-44 or equivalent cells. In-game objects are displayed on fixed, immovable LCD elements. The main score display, which doubles up as a date/time and stopwatch display, consists of a three-and-a-half-digit display and an extra small digit for tenths of a second, or lives remaining.

## Gameplay

The object of the game is to move the character around a maze, eat all the fruit, and avoid contact with ghosts. There are two humpback bridges containing fruit items over and underneath the bridge. Each successive level is faster, increasing difficulty. Each level has a fixed route the player can follow to ensure completion without losing a life. The game tracks the player's score, with a maximum possible score of 1,999. Once this has been exceeded, the score will display as HHH.
# Shir Barat

Shir Barat (Persian: شيربرات, also Romanized as Shīr Barāt; also known as Shīrīn Barād) is a village in Shirin Su Rural District, Shirin Su District, Kabudarahang County, Hamadan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 221, in 49 families.
# Justin Gerlach

Justin Rafael Steven Gerlach (born 2 February 1990) is a German footballer who plays as a defender for Optik Rathenow.

## Career

On 12 June 2019 it was confirmed, that Gerlach had returned to Berliner AK 07 on a 2-year contract.
# Narendra Nath Dhar

Narendra Nath Dhar (Bengali: নরেন্দ্রনাথ ধর) (born 7 September 1954) is an Indian classical musician who plays the sarod, a string instrument. One of the finest exponents of the Shahjahapur/Gwalior Seniya Gharana, he is known for his purist style of play as well as his own emerging style. His style of playing can be distinguished from that of others.

## Early life and training

Dhar began his initial training in Sarod under his father, the late Nemai Chand Dhar. The early demise of his father was no deterrent in his pursuit of learning and growth. He started training under Pt. Samarendra Nath Sikdar, then disciple of Pt. Radhika Mohan Maitra. In 1969, Pt Maitra, later brought Dhar under his tutelage and played a crucial role in shaping him into one of the most exciting talents of his generation. His musical prowess received a further honing under Ustad Amjad Ali Khan.

## Style of play

Dhar has often been commended for keeping his style of play true to the core as well as giving his renditions an own idiomatic touch. His typical Alap reflects the true style of Tantrakari Been Ang as well as the traditional playing (Baaj) of 'Alap' and 'Jod'. The fine aspects of Sarod playing mark his innovation and creativity through 'Tantrakari', 'Laykari' and different styles of 'Ekhara Taan'. He has brought audiences all over the world the timeless compositions of great stalwarts of his generation and past.

## Performances and career

The talent of Dhar has been duly recognized over the years by audiences in India and overseas. He has performed in prestigious music conferences of India sharing the stage with veteran musicians and dancers. He was a prize winner in the All India Radio Music competition in instrumental music in 1970. He was also awarded the National Scholarship from the Department of culture, Govt. of India for intensive training in Sarod from 1975 to 1978. In 1995, he was honoured with the prestigious Naushad Award by the Government of Uttar Pradesh for his outstanding contribution in the field of Instrumental music. He was also awarded the Akademi Award by the Uttar Pradesh Sangeet Natak Akademi in 2000. A regular AIR and Doordarshan artist, HMV has released an audio cassette with the featuring title as 'Golden Talents of HMV'.
# Chah Mosallam

Chah Mosallam (Persian: چاه مسلم, also Romanized as Chāh Mosallam; also known as Chah-e Moslem and Chāh-i-Musallam) is a village in Moghuyeh Rural District, in the Central District of Bandar Lengeh County, Hormozgan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 1,947, in 316 families.
# Konary Castle

Konary Castle or Knight's Castle Kunern is a castle in the village Konary (German: Kunern), Lower Silesia, Poland, located 55 km south of the city of Wrocław. Until 1945 it was a part of Silesia, Germany.
The castle Kunern belonged since 1730 to the estate Mittel-Schreibendorf owned by the family von Gaffron. The palace is located 45 km northwest of Mittel-Schreibendorf. The Kunern Castle consist of three different manor houses and built in three different centuries—the oldest from early Middle Ages, the largest built in 1736 and the newest from 1900 century. The main castle in Kunern was built in by Balle Marimilian von Gaffron und Oberstradam (1714-1774) together his wife Julianne Elisabeth von Lohenstein (1717-1746). The Kunern castle is a castle complex with a community.
# College of Saint Michael, Amparibe

College of Saint Michael (French: Collège de Saint-Michel) is a private Catholic primary and secondary school and technical college, located in Amparibe, Antananarivo, Madagascar. The co-educational institution was founded in 1888 by the Society of Jesus.

## History

In the 1840s six French Jesuits from Lyons began proselytizing and educating the outlying settlements . By 1855 they were able to get into the capital. With the advent of King Radama II in 1861, Christians were free to preach. Thus, the Jesuits and the Sisters of St. Joseph of Cluny settled in the capital, and opened schools and churches.
The internal life of the college survived the abolition of the European section (1906 to 1934). Then followed the start of secondary education (1935), the closing of Madagascar College (1942), and new programs: Philosophy (1952), Elementary Mathematics (1956), Experimental Sciences (1960) and the Baccalaureate (1955). Coeducation began with the first girls admitted in 1966. In 1983 the Higher Technical Institute (1983) opened on the premises. In 1986 the literature sector was restored.
As of 1997, the school's enrollment included 2202 students:, 1340 Catholics, 799 Protestants, and 63 others; 2039 boys and 163 girls.

## Sports

Saint-Michel has a swimming club with many good results. Its table tennis teams have won national championships at many levels.

## Notable alumni

* Sennen Andriamirado - journalist
* Ludger Andrianjaka - singer
* Jean-Joseph Rabearivelo - poet
* Fulgence Rabeony - Archbishop of Madagascar
* Pascal Rakotomavo - politician
* Justin Rakotoniaina - politician
* Gabriel Ramanantsoa - general
* Ignace Ramarosandratana - first Malagasy bishop
* Didier Ratsiraka - admiral
* Jean-Louis Ravelomanantsoa - athlete
* Francisque Ravony - politician
* Armand Razafindratandra - former Cardinal Archbishop of Madagascar