OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Harry Beecher

Henry Ward "Harry" Beecher (September 13, 1868 – September 26, 1948) was an American college football player and sportswriter. He was the subject of the first American football card, printed in 1888.
Henry was son of Henry Barton and Harriet Jones Benedict Beecher. His paternal grandfather was Henry Ward Beecher and one of his paternal great-aunts was Harriet Beecher Stowe. He graduated from Yale University in 1888.

## Yale

Beecher was a prominent quarterback for the Yale Bulldogs football team of Yale University, called by one writer the school's greatest ever at the position.

### 1886

He accounted for 33 touchdowns in 1886.

### 1887

He was captain in 1887. One source lists Beecher as the player of the year.
# Helena of Oświęcim

Helena of Oświęcim (Polish: Helena Oświęcimska; 1478/80 – after 1524), was a Polish princess member of the House of Piast from the Oświęcim branch and ruling Duchess of Karniów since 1506 until 1523.
She was the only child of Duke Jan IV of Oświęcim by his second wife Barbara, daughter of Duke Nicholas V of Karniów.

## Life

Helena's father lost his Duchy of Oświęcim in 1456 and the rest of his lands in 1482. In 1491 her parents were invested with the Duchy of Karniów by the Bohemian King, because Helena's mother was the last representative of the Ducal line, extinct after the death of Duke Jan IV the Elder in 1483.
In 1492 Helena married with Baron George of Schellenberg. One year later (in 1493), Helena's parents were dispossessed from Karniów when the King Władysław II Jagiellon bestowed the Duchy to Baron Johann II, Helena's father-in-law.
Johann II died in 1506 and was succeeded by his son George, who also ruled by right of his wife, as the last heir of the Karniów branch of the Piast dynasty.
During her marriage, Helena gave birth four children: three sons (George, Johann III and Jarosław) and one daughter (Alena or Helena).
In 1523 Duke George sold Karniów with Głubczyce to George, Margrave of Brandenburg-Ansbach. Helena probably died shortly afterwards.
# Menziken railway station

Menziken railway station (German: Bahnhof Menziken) is a railway station in the municipality of Menziken, in the Swiss canton of Aargau. It is the eastern terminus of the 1,000 mm (3 ft 3+3⁄8 in) gauge Schöftland–Aarau–Menziken line of Aargau Verkehr.

## Services

The following services serve Menziken:
* Aargau S-Bahn S14: service every fifteen minutes to Aarau and Schöftland.
# Adarabioyo

Adárabíọ̀yọ́ is a Yoruba name commonly used as a surname in Nigeria. It means "As beautiful/good as Ọ̀yọ́ town/people." The name Adárabíọ̀yọ́ signifies strength, wisdom, and respect, reflecting the values of the Oyo people, the ancient town and its culture.

## Notable individuals with the name

* Fisayo Adarabioyo (born 1995), English footballer.
* Tosin Adarabioyo (born 1997), English footballer, brother of Fisayo.
# Kriebstein Castle

Kriebstein Castle (German: Burg Kriebstein) is a castle in Kriebstein near the town of Waldheim in the German state of Saxony.

## Location

The castle rises above steep crags over the River Zschopau. Within the topographical grouping of hill castles it is classified as a spur castle because it lies on the extreme end of a hill spur surrounded on three sides by the Zschopau that flows around the spur in a large bow.

## Layout

The rock on which the castle stands is separated from rising ground behind it by a man-made section of ditch, the so-called Halsgraben. Typologically the Kriebstein is a combination of a tower castle (Turmburg) and a ringwork castle (Ringburg) with an oval ground plan. Dominating the whole site is the monumental keep perched atop the highest crag. With its sides measuring 22 x 12 metres, the tower, including its weather vane, reaches a height of 45 metres. Its late medieval oriel turrets and the flèche give the castle a unique and thus unmistakable silhouette. Around the keep are grouped the tower-shaped gatehouse, the curtain wall with its domestic wing, the kitchen and other buildings including the chapel wing. On the east side of the chapel wing is the double-bay, cross-ribbed vaulted Gothic hall and the rear of the castle. This building complex, immediately above the steep slopes over the Zschopau river, has a continuous upper storey dating to the 17th century. The Late Gothic kitchen building is attached directly to the keep at the centre of the castle. The whole is enclosed by a domestic wing, that was used as a great hall (today as a concert and event chamber; weddings also take place at the castle) and contained the well house as well as the northern defensive wall that joined onto the gatehouse.
# Higher Regional Court of Dresden

The Higher Regional Court of Dresden (German: Oberlandesgericht Dresden; abbreviated: OLG Dresden) is the Higher Regional Court of Saxony.

## History

The Higher Regional Court was established on 1 October 1879, replacing the 1835 established Oberappellationsgericht (High Court of Appeal). In 1945, it's building, the "Landgerichtsgebäude Pillnitzer Straße" was destroyed during the bombing of Dresden in World War II.
In 1952, the court was dissolved due to a law established by East Germany, stating that the courts jurisdiction would be replaced with the Supreme Court of East Germany.
On 1 January 1993, the Higher Regional Court of Dresden was re-established.
The Higher Regional Court of Dresden is responsible for the special unit for judicial officers in Saxony, SGO, which was set up in 2019. It protects courts in dangerous trials throughout Saxony. The “Security Group of Judicial Sergeants for the Ordinary Jurisdiction” (SGO) consists of almost 20 officers.

## Former presidents of the court
### (1879-1952) Before dissolution

* Anton von Weber (1879–1888)
* Heinrich Bethmann Klemm (1888–1890)
* Friedrich Alfred Degner (1890–1893)
* Karl Edmund Werner (1893–1898)
* August Julius Loßnitzer (1898–1908)
* Karl Heinrich Börner (1908–1913)
* Georg Albert Geßler (1913–1920)
* Karl Georg Paul Grützmann (1920–1922)
* Karl Emil Mannsfeld (1922–1929/31)
* Alfred Hüttner (1931–1939)
* Rudolf Beyer (1939–1945)
* Wilhelm Weiland (1945–1948)
* Carl Günther Ruland (1948–1950)
* Fritz Pogorschelsky (1950–1952)

### (1993–) After re-establishment

* Günter Hirsch (1993–1995)
* Klaus Budewig (1995–2006)
* Ulrich Hagenloch (2006–2017)
* Gilbert Häfner (2017–2020)
* Leon Ross (since 2021)
# Gunnar Erdtman

Otto Gunnar Elias Erdtman (18 November 1897 – 18 February 1973) was a Swedish botanist and pioneer in palynology. He introduced methods of pollen analysis through his handbook of playnology and developed the graphical indicator known as the palynogram. He also founded the palynology journal Grana Palynologica (which became Grana in 1970) in 1954.

## Life and work

Erdtman was born in Hjorted, Sweden, the eldest child of artist Elias and Otillia (née Fagerlin) Erdtman. An introduction to art came early in life from the father's professional art work and began to sketch from an early age. His father also had an interest in botany. In 1903 the family moved to Stockholm where Gunnar and his brother Holger went to the Norra Latin gymnasium and they both took an interest in plants. At the age of 11 Gunnar made a list of plants at Solvik. Gunnar went to the university and received a doctorate in 1921 with a thesis on pollen studies in German, which made pollen analysis known outside Scandinavia. He studied and worked under Lennart von Post for the study of peat bogs, continuing his work from 1923. His brother Holger became a professor of phytochemistry and together they published a paper in 1933 on the method of acetolysis that removes the protoplasm of pollen and makes their slides durable. In 1938, Gunnar became the first director of the Palynological laboratory and in 1950 he supported the first palynological conference section during the 7th International Botanical Congress at Stockholm. His handbook An introduction to pollen analysis was instrumental in the development of the discipline. In 1948, he created the palynological laboratory at the Swedish Museum of Natural History in Stockholm. He headed the laboratory until 1971, from 1954 with the title of professor.
Erdtman was also interested in music and languages. He would jokingly introduce himself and his wife as "I. M. Pollen" and "U. R. Pollina".
# Montech

Montech (French pronunciation:; Occitan: Montuèg) is a commune in the Tarn-et-Garonne department in the Occitanie region in southern France.
On the Canal de Garonne is the unique Montech water slope, a type of canal inclined plane built in 1974. The slope has been out of service since an engine failure in 2009.

## History
### Middle Ages

In 1134, on the initiative of Raymond Séradis and d'Alphonse Jourdain, Count of Toulouse, Montech became a fortified site, a Castrum, whose function was to better protect the North of Toulouse. Ten years before Montauban a count's castle was built nearby, around which a new town developed. To the south-east, the castle is integrated with a system of fortifications which are surrounded by deep ditches. The plan adopted for this new town corresponds to a bastide-type plan (the bastides were built in the 13th century) with streets crossing at right angles, a central square, fortified gates with a drawbridge at the cardinal points which became the only access routes.
Towers flanked these gates and three of the wings of the enclosure. The La porte du Terrier (to the north) is the main gate. The city became royal in 1271, at the time of Philip III the Bold who granted it a charter of which several old copies, in Latin, exist. Originally, the parish church of Saint Etienne and its cemetery were located to the northeast of the town, a few hundred meters away. A chapel was probably built near the count's castle, but it was in the 14th century that a new church dedicated to Notre Dame de la Visitation was built. The bottom of the nave and the choir encroach on the lower courtyard of the castle.
The French Wars of Religion made Montech a bastion of Catholicism against Protestant Montauban.

## Monuments

* City Hall
* The church 'Our Lady of Feuillade'
* The War Memorial
* Canal locks of Peyrets
* The dovecote of St. Cry
# Tombal

Tombal (Persian: تمبل, also Romanized as Tombel) is a village in Sadat Rural District, in the Central District of Lali County, Khuzestan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 185, in 25 families.
# Sanxiang dialect

Sanxiang (in Cantonese Samheung, in the language itself Sahiu) is a Min variety of Southern Min Chinese mostly spoken in Sanxiang in Zhongshan in the Pearl River Delta of Guangdong, China. Despite its close proximity, Sanxiang is not very closely related to the surrounding dialects in the region, which belong to the Yue group, and thus forms a "dialect island" of Min speakers. It is one of three enclaves of Min in Zhongshan, the others being Longdu and Nanlang.
# Paterson Mansion

Paterson Mansion (Turkish: Paterson Köşkü) is a mansion in İzmir, Turkey. It's the largest Levantine mansion in the city.

## History

Paterson Mansion started to be built in 1859 by British merchant John Paterson. Many of the construction materials of the mansion were brought from Continental Europe and England. The facade of the building was changed seven times by the original owners. In 1963, the Paterson family left the mansion when they immigrated to England.
Following its owners departure, the mansion was used as an office by NATO personnel for five years. In 1973, some parts of the building were demolished when it was turned into a carpet factory. In 1978, an expropriation decision was made for the building by the local government. The main entrance section of the building was damaged in a fire in 1986.
Restoration works were initiated by the Ministry of Culture and Tourism in 1991. In 2017, the Ministry leased the property to İzmir Metropolitan Municipality for forty-nine years. Another restoration, which started in June 2016, is planned to be completed in 2024.

## Architecture

Paterson Mansion has two floors and thirty-eight rooms. It is located on a land of 25,400 m$^2$ (273,000 sq ft).
# James William Abert

James William Abert (November 18, 1820 – August 10, 1897) was an American soldier, explorer, bird collector and topographical artist.

## Early life

Abert, the son of John James Abert, was born in Mount Holly Township, New Jersey, and graduated from West Point in 1842.

## Military career

Abert joined the Corps of Topographical Engineers, which was headed by his father, in 1843. He joined several expeditions into the west, including John Frémont's third expedition, and illustrated these expeditions reports with his sketches. He was also put in charge of a detachment to map the Canadian River.
In 1846 he was sent west to join the army of General Kearney in the war against Mexico, returning to Fort Leavenworth in the following year. It was during this time that he acquired a new species of bird, which was named the Abert's towhee in his honour.
During the American Civil War, he served on the staffs of Robert Patterson, Nathaniel P. Banks and Quincy A. Gillmore. He was wounded during the Maryland Campaign, and retired from the Army in June 1864.

## Later life

After the Civil War, he became a professor of English literature, mathematics and drawing at the University of Missouri. He was also a professor of civil engineering, applied mathematics, and engineering drawing at the Missouri School of Mines and Metallurgy (1872–1877).
His original watercolors are now privately owned.
# Sam Adams (explorer)

Sam Adams (1828 – May 15, 1915) who referred to himself as "Captain", was an early explorer of the American west, who claimed to explore the Colorado River over a number of years. He made a number of unsubstantiated claims and sought to get $20,000 from the government, which was never paid. He returned to Pennsylvania and worked as a lawyer.

## Early life

Samuel Adams was born in Beaver, Pennsylvania, on October 20, 1828. His mother was Cynthia Darragh, whose great grandfather was John Hart, a signer of the Declaration of Independence. His father was Dr. Milo Adams (1790–1846). Adams descended from Captain Benjamin Adams, an officer in the American Revolutionary War. He studied at the old academy at Beaver, Pennsylvania. He studied law and became a member of the bar in Pennsylvania in 1853. He practiced for many years in Des Moines, Iowa.

## Colorado River survey

In 1864, Adams was head of a Colorado River freighting company, Union Line. He sought to send freight along the Colorado River by steamship, but his business did not become viable.
From 1864 to 1869, Adams surveyed the Colorado River and its tributaries. He produced a report, which he delivered to the War Department in 1869 and requested reimbursement of expenses of $20,000. Adams claimed that during the exploration, he found a place he called "Paradise Valley" that had fields of grain seven feet high; that he had found gold, copper, lead, and silver; and that the Colorado River was freely navigable for 600 miles from its mouth. During the same period, John Wesley Powell conducted a more extensive survey. When asked about Adams' report, Powell found many of the statements to be inaccurate, including a claim that Adams first surveyed an area that was surveyed in 1857 by Joseph C. Ives.
Adams struggled for over ten years to impose his view of the Colorado River - that it was a mineral paradise shot through with veins of gold and silver - but ultimately failed. In 1878, Senator Francis Cockrell rejected a resolution that would have compensated Adams for his spontaneous work. Adams' survey, while wildly off the mark and generally recognized as unscientific, was a notable moment in the exploration of the West. In the words of Powell biographer Wallace Stegner, it was a "symptom. In his resistance to fact and logic he had many allies who were neither so foolish in their folly nor so witless in their rascality as he, but whose justification and platform was the same incorrigible insistence upon a West that did not exist."

## Route to Pacific Ocean

In 1869, he told residents of Breckenridge, Colorado, that he believed he had found a route from the Rocky Mountains to the Pacific Ocean via the Colorado River. He was able to arrange for boats to be built and a team of eleven to take the trip with him. They set off on the Blue River, a tributary of the Colorado River, but were unsuccessful in reaching the Colorado. The boats broke apart and the men left Adams.

## Later years

At the end of his life he resettled in his hometown where he practiced law. He died on May 15, 1915, in Beaver Falls, Pennsylvania, as the oldest member of the Pennsylvania bar.
# Steve Jones

Steve or Steven Jones may refer to:

## Arts and entertainment

* Steve Jones (English presenter) (born 1945), English musician, disk jockey, television presenter, and voice-over artist
* Steve Jones (musician) (born 1955), English rock and roll guitarist and singer, member of the Sex Pistols
* Steve Jones (Welsh presenter) (born 1977), Welsh television presenter
* Steve Jones (fl. 1980s), American musician (The Unforgiven) and television producer

## Science and medicine

* Steve Jones (biologist) (born 1944), Welsh geneticist
* Steven E. Jones (born 1949), American physicist and conspiracy theorist
* Steve G. Jones (born 1967), American clinical hypnotherapist

## Sports
### Association football (soccer)

* Steve Jones (footballer, born 1955), English footballer
* Steve Jones (footballer, born 1957), English footballer
* Steve Jones (footballer, born 1960), English footballer
* Steve Jones (footballer, born 1962), Welsh footballer
* Steve Jones (footballer, born 1964), Welsh footballer
* Steve Jones (footballer, born March 1970), English footballer
* Steve Jones (footballer, born December 1970), English footballer
* Steve Jones (footballer, born 1976), Northern Irish international footballer

### Rugby

* Steve Jones (rugby union, born 1951) (1951–2007), Welsh rugby union player
* Steve Jones (rugby union, born 1977), Welsh rugby union player
* Steve Jones (rugby league), rugby league footballer who played in the 2000s

### Other sports

* Steve Jones (baseball) (born 1941), American baseball pitcher
* Steve "Snapper" Jones (1942–2017), American basketball player
* Steve Jones (cricketer) (born 1949), Australian cricketer
* Steve Jones (American football) (born 1951), American football player
* Steven Jones (poker player), aka The 4bettor from the Desert, quarter-professional poker player and semi-professional real estate broker
* Steve Jones (runner) (born 1955), Welsh athlete
* Steve Jones (cyclist) (born 1957), British cyclist
* Steve Jones (golfer) (born 1958), American golfer
* Steven Jones Jr. (born 1999), American football player

## Others

* Steve C. Jones (born 1957), American judge, United States District Court for the Northern District of Georgia
* Steve Jones (aviator) (born 1960), British pilot
* Steven Edward Jones, perpetrator of the 2015 Northern Arizona University shooting
# Hashim Gadoev

Hashim Gadoev or Hashim Gado (born May 10, 1937) is a Soviet, Tajik theater and film actor, theater director, teacher, and writer. Gadoev was awarded People's Artist of the USSR in 1988.

## Biography

Hashim Gadoev was born on May 10, 1937, in Kulab (now in the Khatlon Region, Tajikistan).
He graduated from the Russian Institute of Theatre Arts in 1960.
Since 1961 he is an actor and director of the Tajik Drama Theater named after I. A. Lakhuti located in Dushanbe. Member of the Union of Cinematographers of the Tajik SSR (1972).

## Awards

* People's Artist of the Tajik SSR (1979)
* People's Artist of the USSR (1988)
* USSR State Prize (1987) — for the title role in the play "Oedipus" by Sophocles on the stage of the Tajik State Academic Theater named after A. A. Lakhuti.
* State Prize of the Tajik SSR named after Rudaki (1973) — for the role of Suhrab in the film "Rustam and Suhrab".
* Anahita Name Award (1995)
* Order "Star of the President of Tajikistan"

## Filmography

* 1963 – Twelve hours of life — Kamil
* 1964 – Ulugbek's star — prince Abdal-Latif Mirza
* 1967 – Fugitive
* 1965 – Born in a thunderstorm — episode
* 1969 – Exposure — Базайшо
* 1971 – Here is the border — Turkan
* 1971 – Rustam and Suhrab — Suhrab
* 1972 – Hurricane in the valley — Yarmatov
* 1972 – Four from Chorsang — Maqsud
* 1973 – Wrestlers
* 1974 – Border
* 1975 – The last hunt (short film)
* 1975 – The light of extinguished bonfires — Gaza-khan
* 1977 – Siege — Niyaz
* 1977 – Nasruddin's first love — Talgatbek
* 1978 – A woman from afar — Sasha Rasulov
* 1980 – Serving the Fatherland — Bobo Peshtuni
* 1982 – Paradise won't meet you here — Black Vortex
* 1982 – Awakening — Kudrat
* 1983 – Knights of the Black Lake — Quli
* 1984 – State border. Red sand — Muminbek
* 1987 – Jura – hunter from Min-Arhar — Ibrahimbek
* 1990 – Battle of the Three Kings — Agat Mara
* 1995 – The call of the ancestors. Sogdiana — Ikhshid Gurak, ruler of Sogdiana.
# Gorasul: The Legacy of the Dragon

Gorasul: The Legacy of the Dragon (German: Gorasul: Das Vermächtnis des Drachen) is a 2001 role-playing video game developed by the German studio Silver Style and published by JoWooD Productions.

## Gameplay

Gorasul: The Legacy of the Dragon is a role-playing video game that takes place from an isometric graphical perspective.

## Plot

Gorasul takes place in a fantasy setting and follows the story of Roszondas, an orphan raised by dragons. After being killed by demons, Roszondas awakens ten years in the future while suffering from amnesia.

## Development

Gorasul was developed by the German company Silver Style, and was the studio's first game to appear in North America. It launched in fall 2001 in Germany and November 2001 in the United States.

## Reception

Review scores :
| Publication | Score |
| Computer Games Magazine | |
| GameSpot | 6.4/10 |
| PC Gamer (US) | 54% |
According to the review aggregator Metacritic, Gorasul received "mixed or average reviews" from critics. In Computer Games Magazine, John Brandon found Gorasul "worth a look" despite its flaws. GameSpot's Brett Todd wrote that the game "achieved something significant in copying the Baldur's Gate formula so well", but that its glitches and poor English translation made it a game "only for those who aren't easily frustrated or who have the patience to wait for a patch."
# W.I.T.C.H. (song)

"W.I.T.C.H." (pronounced "witch") is a 2022 song by Canadian alt-pop singer Devon Cole. It was released on July 7, 2022, via Arista Records. The song was written by Cole and songwriters John Mark Nelson and Alexandra Soumalias.

## Background

Cole initially performed a demo of the opening verse of the song on TikTok, where it received over 40 million views. She was singing original lyrics over a piece of instrumental backing music Nelson had shared on the platform.
A full version of the song was then released as her first single through Arista Records (who are owned by Sony Music Entertainment) on 7 July 2022. With nearly 300,000 pre-saves, it was Sony's biggest pre-save campaign for a female artist to that point. A music video followed.
"W.I.T.C.H." is an acronym for "Woman In Total Control (of) Herself". Cole described the song as reclaiming "the witch as a symbol of women's resistance. It celebrates women's strength, autonomy, and rebellion". The song was written by Nelson, Cole and Alexandra Soumalias, and produced by Nelson. The music was performed by Nelson on keyboards, guitar, bass and drum machine.
Cole received a Juno Award nomination for Breakthrough Artist of the Year at the Juno Awards of 2023.

## Certifications

Certifications for "W.I.T.C.H." :
| Region | Certification | Certified units/sales |
| Canada (Music Canada) | Gold | 40,000$^‡$ |
| $^‡$ Sales+streaming figures based on certification alone. |||
# Khav

Khav (Persian: خاو, also Romanized as Khāv; also known as Khāo, Khāow, and Qala Khāo) is a village in Khav and Mirabad Rural District, Khav and Mirabad District, Marivan County, Kurdistan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 335, in 82 families. The village is populated by Kurds.