OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Étienne Tricaud

Étienne Tricaud (born 1960) is an architect and civil engineer.

## Biography

Tricaud got his interest in architecture from his uncle Pierre Prunet, who was Chief Architect for the Department of Historic Monuments. Prunet carried out restoration works on structures with important heritage, but his agency also designed many new projects. But his greatest satisfaction was to work on projects that combined the two.
Tricaud's visits to Prunet's agency led to a strong interest in the art of building and an appreciation of a rigorous and restrained approach that he would subsequently refine while studying architecture under Roland Schweitzer. From this experience and his (dual) architectural training, Tricaud acquired the conviction that an informed project approach could only be based on a subtle marriage between architecture and engineering, both of which providing different yet complementary sources of creation in their relationship to reality. The result is an architecture aware of the uses to be made of the building and the identity of the setting, and an engineering based on the understanding and use of the laws of physics.
In 1986, he met Jean-Marie Duthilleul who had recently joined the SNCF (French National Railways) to develop an architectural design policy for stations. They immediately realised that they shared the same approach to projects: a rational and contextual methodology with particular attention paid to the use and identity of the setting.
The project for restructuring the Montparnasse station for which he was responsible served as an incubator, allowing them to form a team, an approach and an architectural vocabulary that they subsequently developed for the station programmes accompanying the TGV Atlantique, TGV Méditerranée and TGV Est.

## AREP

In 1997, Tricaud and Duthilleul founded AREP (French: Amenagement, Recherche, Pole d'Echanges, "Planning, Research, Interchange") in 1997, a company that brought together teams of architects and engineers. The experience acquired with AREP in the study of exchange hubs – centres combining means of transport, movement and crowds of people – proved to be adaptable to a number of different fields: public buildings, city spaces and complex urban programmes.
Since AREP's foundation, the large number of projects carried out in other countries has allowed Tricaud to adapt his design approach to new contexts, especially through partnerships with other designers: Hadi Simaan in Doha, Carlos Zapata in Ho Chi Minh City, Cui Kai in Beijing, and Yves Feng in Shenzhen, among others.

## Selected works

* Casa-Port railway station, Morocco
* Gare d'Aix-en-Provence TGV, France
* Capital Museum, Beijing, China
* Gare Saint-Lazare, France

### Publications

* Jean-Marie Duthilleul et Etienne Tricaud, AREP. Master Architect Series (in French and English). Images Publishing. 1 October 2007. ISBN 978-1-86470-164-7.
# Nantiat

Nantiat (Occitan: Nantiac, French pronunciation:; Occitan: Nantiac) is a commune in the Haute-Vienne department in the Nouvelle-Aquitaine region in west-central France.
Inhabitants are known as Nantiauds.
# Shur-e Bala

Shur-e Bala (Persian: شوربالا, also Romanized as Shūr-e Bālā; also known as Shūr) is a village in Milanlu Rural District, in the Central District of Esfarayen County, North Khorasan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 170, in 40 families.
# Complexometric indicator

A complexometric indicator is an ionochromic dye that undergoes a definite color change in presence of specific metal ions. It forms a weak complex with the ions present in the solution, which has a significantly different color from the form existing outside the complex. Complexometric indicators are also known as pM indicators.

## Complexometric titration

In analytical chemistry, complexometric indicators are used in complexometric titration to indicate the exact moment when all the metal ions in the solution are sequestered by a chelating agent (most usually EDTA). Such indicators are also called metallochromic indicators.
The indicator may be present in another liquid phase in equilibrium with the titrated phase, the indicator is described as extraction indicator.
Some complexometric indicators are sensitive to air and are destroyed. When such solution loses color during titration, a drop or two of fresh indicator may have to be added.

## Examples

Complexometric indicators are water-soluble organic molecules. Some examples are:
* Calcein with EDTA for calcium
* Patton-Reeder Indicator with EDTA for calcium with magnesium
* Curcumin for boron, that forms Rosocyanine, although the red color change of curcumin also occurs for pH > 8.4
* Eriochrome Black T for aluminium, cadmium, zinc, calcium and magnesium
* Fast Sulphon Black with EDTA for copper
* Hematoxylin for copper
* Murexide for calcium and rare earths, but also for copper, nickel, cobalt, and thorium
* Xylenol orange for gallium, indium and scandium

## Redox indicators

In some settings, when the titrated system is a redox system whose equilibrium is influenced by the removal of the metal ions, a redox indicator can function as a complexometric indicator.
# Waldeisenbahn Muskau

The Waldeisenbahn Muskau is a 600 mm (1 ft 11+5⁄8 in) narrow gauge railway connecting Kromlau, Weißwasser and Bad Muskau in Saxony, Germany. It is the longest 600 mm gauge heritage railway in Germany, with a track length of 20 km (12 mi).

## History

The first tracks were laid in 1895. Operation began as a horse-drawn railway, with the switch to steam locomotives beginning in 1896.
Tracks and rolling stock were damaged in the Second World War, after which reparations further restricted the operation of the Waldeisenbahn Muskau.
In 1951 the Waldeisenbahn was incorporated into the Reichsbahn. On March 21, 1978 the Minister of Transport ordered the closure of the Waldeisenbahn Muskau, which was followed by an order on March 29 to cease operation by the Cottbus railway directorate (German: Reichsbahndirektion Cottbus).
After 1978 only 10 km (6 mi) of track remained in use between Weißwasser and a brickyard, with occasional special services run by rail enthusiasts. First efforts to preserve the Waldeisenbahn Muskau were made by rail enthusiasts beginning in the 1980s. A construction staff was established by the district of Weißwasser in 1991. The line between Weißwasser and Kromlau reopened in 1992, with tourist services beginning the same year. The line to Bad Muskau was reopened in 1995. In the 1990s many people, as many as 100 simultaneously, were involved in the Waldeisenbahn as part of Arbeitsbeschaffungsmaßnahmen (job creation programs).
The Waldeisenbahn Muskau took over the Tonbahn (clay railway) between Weißwasser and the Mühlrose clay pit in 2010. Operations on the Tonbahn ceased in 2014 due to the expansion of the Tagebau Nochten [de] open pit mine. A new 3.5 km (2 mi) alignment of the Tonbahn was inaugurated in April 2017, with the former alignment being dismantled to make way for the open pit mine. The new terminus is located near the Schwerer Berg observation tower.
A new maintenance workshop was inaugurated in 2019, eliminating the need to transport the locomotives to maintenance companies with lowboy trailers.

## Network

At its peak, the network had a length of over 80 km (50 mi). Most of the tracks were removed following the closure of the network in 1978. The rebuilt network between Kromlau, Weißwasser and Bad Muskau has a length of 20 km (12 mi). As of October 2018, it has 12 stations and three stops.

## Rolling stock

Until its closure in 1978, the Waldeisenbahn was only operated as an industrial railway, with the fleet consisting of multiple steam locomotives, diesel locomotives for shunting, and over 550 railway cars in total. Some of the original rolling stock is still used for heritage operation. Other rolling stock has been acquired from pit railways and Feldbahn systems. The current fleet consists of steam locomotives, 31 diesel locomotives, passenger cars and freight cars.
Heeresfeldbahnlokomotive HF 2257 from the Cottbuser Parkeisenbahn [de] was used on a special event for railfans on October 12 and 13, 2019.
* 99 3317
* 99 3462
* Kö 0451
* Kö 0472
* Type 05 freight car for brick transport
* Passenger cars
# Walter Law (actor)

Walter W. Law (March 26, 1876 – August 9, 1940) was an American film and stage actor. He appeared in over 40 films films between 1915 and 1936.

## Early life

Walter W. Law was born on March 26, 1876. He grew up on Euclid Avenue in Greenville, Ohio. He moved to Dayton as a young man. He worked at the Mose Cohen clothing store in Gem City. He then worked at the Victoria Theatre.

## Career

Law worked as a stage actor. He played with the "Sign of the Cross" Company and toured as a vaudeville actor for several years. He headlined with Keith Theaters. He played the priest in the play The Seal of Silence. He was also a film actor and worked for William Fox of Fox Film in Fort Lee, New Jersey.
In 1920, Law moved to Hollywood, Los Angeles, and began starring in films. He starred in the film Whoopee! with Eddie Cantor. He also starred in The Thirteenth Chair, Our Daily Bread, The Miracle Man and Ken Maynard western films.

## Personal life

Law married Betty Marvin. He died on August 8, 1940, aged 64, at his apartment on Franklin Avenue in Hollywood. He was cremated at Hollywood Cemetery Crematory.

## Filmography

| Year | Title | Role | Notes |
| 1915 | The Road o' Strife | | |
| 1915 | The District Attorney | General Ruggles | |
| 1915 | The Climbers | Mr. Ryder | |
| 1915 | The Great Ruby | Duke of St. Edmunds | |
| 1915 | The Rights of Man: a Story of War's Red Blotch | American Ambassador | |
| 1916 | The Evangelist | Sir James Nuneham | |
| 1916 | The Unwelcome Mother | Mason | |
| 1916 | Her Double Life | Longshoreman | |
| 1916 | The War Bride's Secret | Robin Gray | |
| 1916 | Romeo and Juliet | Friar Laurence | |
| 1917 | The Darling of Paris | Claude Frallo | |
| 1917 | Sister Against Sister | Huxley | |
| 1917 | Her Greatest Love | Prince Zuoroff | |
| 1917 | Heart and Soul | Drummond | |
| 1917 | Camille | Count de Varville | |
| 1917 | The Heart of a Lion | Tex | |
| 1918 | Stolen Honor | Honorable Richard Belfield | |
| 1918 | The Forbidden Path | Mr. Lynde | |
| 1918 | Queen of the Sea | King Boreas | |
| 1918 | A Perfect Lady | John Griswold | |
| 1919 | The Miracle Man | | |
| 1919 | The Thirteenth Chair | Inspector Donohue | |
| 1920 | If I Were King | Thibault | |
| 1922 | The Great Alone | Winston Sassoon | |
| 1922 | The Forgotten Law | Detective | |
| 1923 | The Flying Dutchman | Peter Van Dorn | |
| 1924 | Janice Meredith | General Charles Lee | |
| 1925 | Clothes Make the Pirate | Dixie Bull | |
| 1930 | Whoopee! | Jud Morgan | |
| 1932 | Between Fighting Men | Dad Thompson | |
| 1934 | Midnight Alibi | Elderly Guest | Uncredited |
| 1934 | We Live Again | Peasant | Uncredited |
| 1936 | The Adventures of Frank Merriwell | Murray Belwood | Serial, [Chs. 4–9], (final film role) |
# Fass

Fass (German: barrel, vat) may refer to:
* Fass 57 (SIG 510), a battle rifle
* FASS 90 (SIG 550), an assault rifle
Fass or Faß is the surname of:
* John Fass, American graphic designer
* Baddon Fass, a fictional character in Dark Empire and Dark Empire II
* Bob Fass (1933–2021), American radio personality
* Frederick Fass (1853–1930), American baseball player
* George Fass and Gertrude Fass, see 77 Sunset Strip
* Myron Fass, 1970s magazine entrepreneur
* Patricia Fass Palmer, producer of The Powers That Be
FASS may also refer to:
* FASS curve, a curve in mathematical analysis which is space-filling, self-avoiding, simple and self-similar
* FASS (drug formulary), Farmaceutiska Specialiteter i Sverige, the Swedish national formulary of drugs
* Friends of Assam and Seven Sisters, an international non-profit NGO - see Assamese Associations
* FASS, a University of Waterloo theater group
# Parque Forestal

Parque Forestal is an urban park in the city of Santiago, Chile. The park was created on reclaimed land from the Mapocho River and is located in the historical downtown of Santiago, west of Plaza Baquedano and east of Estación Mapocho. It is bordered on the north by Santa María Avenue, on the south by Merced Street and Ismael Valdés Vergara Street. At its eastern end, the park becomes Balmaceda Park, forming an almost unbroken stretch of greenery along the Mapocho River.
The park contains the Chilean National Museum of Fine Arts, which is housed in the same building as the Santiago Museum of Contemporary Art. Palacio Bruna is opposite the park on Merced Street.
Distinctive features of the park are its three lines of platanus orientalis trees.
# Canada Foundation for Sustainable Development Technology Act

The Canada Foundation for Sustainable Development Technology Act (French: Loi sur la Fondation du Canada pour l'appui technologique au développement durable) is a Government of Canada statute to establish a foundation called Sustainable Development Technology Canada to fund sustainable development technology. The federal department responsible for enforcing this Act is Natural Resources Canada.
The Act was passed in 2001.
# Przedmieście Oławskie

Przedmieście Oławskie (Polish pronunciation:, German: Ohlauer Vorstadt,), lit. 'Oława Suburb', is a district in Wrocław, Poland, located in the central part of the city. It was established in the territory of the former Krzyki district. Part of the district is infamously nicknamed the Bermuda Triangle (Polish: Trójkąt Bermudzki) due to high crime rate.

## History

In the 12th century, the Saint Maurice church was built in the present-day Przedmieście Oławskie district. The church is associated with first Walloon immigrants to Poland, who came to the area in the 12th century (see: Walloons in Poland), however, later it was an important church of the local Polish population. In the 13th century, today's Przedmieście Oławskie was one of the places where monks of the Order of Saint Lazarus settled in Poland, and soon the Saint Lazarus church was built and a leprosarium was founded. In the following centuries, the hospital expanded its services and also treated other diseases.
The district was home to a Jewish cemetery prior to 1345, when it was removed by John of Luxembourg. Today, the gravestone of David ben Sar Shalon (d. 1203) is likely the oldest existing Jewish gravestone in Poland and is on display at the City Museum of Wrocław in the Royal Palace.
Until the early 19th century, the area was a suburban village with fields, wooden buildings, gardens, mills, and workshops of small craftsmen. In 1808, the walls around the center collapsed as a consequence of the Napoleonic army's capture of the city, and the area officially became part of Breslau.
The area continued to develop in the following decades, thanks to the construction of the Upper Silesian railroad line. Small factories and warehouses were built to store and transport goods by rail.
During the siege of Breslau, 40% of the housing development was destroyed. The area is characterized by pre-war tenement buildings. The second half of the 20th century marked the beginning of a bad reputation for this part of the city, formerly known as the Bermuda Triangle due to its high crime rate.
In 1991, after reforms in the administrative division of Wrocław, Przedmieście Oławskie became one of the city's 48 districts.

## Landmarks

* Ethnographic Museum, a branch of the National Museum, Wrocław
* Saint Maurice church, first built in the 12th century, rebuilt in Gothic and Baroque styles in later periods, where the thumb of Polish Romantic poet and playwright Aleksander Fredro is embedded in one of its walls
* Saint Lazarus church, possibly first built in the 13th century during the rule of Henry I the Bearded, then rebuilt in its current Gothic style in the 14th century, church of the Order of Saint Lazarus until 1810. The church played an important role in the city's history twice, as it served as a fortified command post of Hungarian King Matthias Corvinus against a Polish-Czech siege in 1474, and as a place from which the Prussians shelled the city in 1757.
# Modia

Modia may refer to:
* Modia (gens), a family name
* HaModia (Hebrew: המודיע‎, romanized: Ha Modia, lit. 'The Informer'), an Israeli newspaper
* Modia, a plural form of modius
# Khatab-e Sofla

Khatab-e Sofla (Persian: خطب سفلي, also Romanized as Khaţab-e Soflá; also known as Khaţab) is a village in Quri Chay-ye Gharbi Rural District, Saraju District, Maragheh County, East Azerbaijan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 167, in 39 families.
# Barret-sur-Méouge

Barret-sur-Méouge (French pronunciation:, literally Barret on Méouge; Occitan: Barret sus Meüja, before 2001: Barret-le-Bas) is a commune in the Hautes-Alpes department in southeastern France. It is located at the start of the 'Gorges de la Méouge' on the Méouge river.
# Verrone

Verrone is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Biella in the Italian region of Piedmont, located about 60 kilometres (37 mi) northeast of Turin and about 8 kilometres (5 mi) southeast of Biella.
Verrone borders the following municipalities: Benna, Candelo, Cerrione, Gaglianico, Massazza, Salussola, Sandigliano. Sights include the medieval castle (a complex of structures once owned by the Vialardi Ghibelline family), and the parish church of St. Lawrence, built from the 6th to the 10th century.
# Asbabad

Asbabad (Persian: اسب اباد, also Romanized as Asbābād) is a village in Ujan-e Gharbi Rural District, in the Central District of Bostanabad County, East Azerbaijan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 205, in 29 families.
# Pustin Duz, Razavi Khorasan

Pustin Duz (Persian: پوستین‌دوز, also Romanized as Pūstīn Dūz) is a village in Pain Rokh Rural District, Jolgeh Rokh District, Torbat-e Heydarieh County, Razavi Khorasan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 124, in 24 families.
# Arthur James Wilson

Arthur James Wilson (Faed Wilson) (1858–1945) was an English cyclist, cycling administrator, activist and journalist. He became deaf at age 12 after contracting scarlet fever and Faed was a self-applied anagram of 'deaf'. He was a member of the National Cyclists' Union executive committee and joint editor of the Bicycling Times and Touring Gazette. A founder member of the North Road Cycle club in 1885 he was associated with the industry, the sport, the journalism and the pastime of cycling and touring.

## Personal life

He began cycling at the age of eleven and became deaf at age 12 after contracting scarlet fever, Faed was a self applied anagram of deaf.

## Career

He joined Dunlop tyres in 1890 working at their Dublin offices. When they moved their operations to England in 1893 he worked for them as a manager in London.
In 1896 Wilson had his own advertising agency creating signs and posters when Ethel Maude Sayer joined him and his other five employees as a secretary. She had to put up with the shame of going into business and the struggle to operate in full-length skirts. Ethel could type, but she taught herself sign language so that she could interpret the things she heard for her boss. Because of her role as hearing assistant she was able to gain access to meetings that were usually men only. And because of her business skills, she became the business's company secretary when the company went public in 1899. Wilson founded the 'Cycle Trades Benevolent Fund' in 1905. Faed worked for over 50 years as an administrator of cycling, co-founding the 'North London Tricycling Club' (now renamed the 'North London Cycling Club'), the 'North Road Cycling Club', the 'Irish Road Club' and the 'Road Records Association' on 11 April 1888.
His influence ranged from the design of the tandem bicycle to the original rules for road time-trials prior to 1900.
As a cyclist he won the 1886 North Road C.C. 50 Mile Road Championship together with champion cyclist Charlie Liles on a tandem.

## The Golden Book

Arthur Wilson's achievements were celebrated in 1938 when Cycling Weekly awarded him his own page in the Golden Book of Cycling, which is now held in 'The Pedal Club' archive.
# Shalom Ullmann

Shalom Charif Ullmann (German: Schalom Ullmann, Salomon-Schalom Ullmann, February 27, 1755 in Fürth – March 6, 1825 in Lackenbach) was a Hungarian Talmudist, who flourished in the beginning of the 19th century. He was a rabbi in Fürth, and later at Boldogasszony (Frauenkirchen), a small town in the county of Wieselburg. He was the author of Dibre Rash (1826), a work containing notes on various Talmudic treatises. He had two sons, Shlomo Zalman (1792 - January 2, 1863) and Avraham (1791 - August 12, 1848). Shalom Charif Ullmann's son, Avraham, and grandson, David, also served as Rabbis of Lackenbach.
# Chucal Formation

Chucal Formation (Spanish: Formación Chucal) is a volcano-sedimentary geological formation in the Andes of Arica y Parinacota Region in northernmost Chile. Sediments of the formation deposited sometime during the Miocene epoch (23 to 5 million years ago) and represent fluvial and lacustrine environments. It overlies Lupica Formation.
# The Tango Player

The Tango Player (German: Der Tangospieler) is a 1991 German drama film directed by Roland Gräf. It was entered into the 41st Berlin International Film Festival.

## Cast

* Michael Gwisdek as Hans-Peter Dallow
* Corinna Harfouch as Elke
* Hermann Beyer as Dr. Berger
* Peter Prager as Roessler
* Peter Sodann as Schulze
* Reiner Heise as Müller
* Jaecki Schwarz as Harry