OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Tsentralny, Vladimir Oblast

Tsentralny (Russian: Центральный) is a rural locality (a settlement) in Paustovskoye Rural Settlement, Vyaznikovsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 1,085 as of 2010. There are 7 streets.

## Geography

Tsentralny is located 10 km south of Vyazniki (the district's administrative centre) by road. Sergeyevo is the nearest rural locality.
# Kozłow Desert

The Kozłow Desert (Polish: Pustynia Kozłowska) is an area of sand dunes in the Lower Silesian Forest near the village of Kozłow, approximately 17 km south-east of Szprotawa in Lubusz Voivodeship, Żagań County, southern Poland, on the border between the municipalities of Gromadka and Bolesławiec. The desert is part of the Przemkowski Landscape Park.
The dunes formed as a result of glacial action in the area. The "desert" was formed as a result of military exercises in the area, particularly as a result of the destruction of vegetation by rocket exercises from the 1920s onwards, first under the Germans and then later under the Soviets, which exposed the sand-dunes. The area was favoured for rocket exercises as the dunes formed a shield blocking the flight and explosion of rockets. The rocket exercises in the area finally ended in 1992 with the withdrawal of Soviet forces from Poland. The sandy area of the desert presently covers 20 hectares, though it is slowly being overgrown as vegetation recovers. The sandy area is divided by a central heath into a larger northern section (along the Długa Góra dune) and a smaller southern section (along the Gołębia Góra dune).
Together with the Starczynów Desert, the Kozłow Desert is part of the larger Lower Silesian Forest (Bory Dolnośląskie) Desert.
# Olivier Brunel

Olivier Brunel (c. 1552–1585) was a Dutch merchant and explorer. He was the first to establish trade between the Netherlands and Russia. He also explored the northern coast of Russia, searching for a maritime trade route to China and the East Indies.
He was born in Brussels in the Province of Brabant.
He sailed for Kholmogory in Russia, but the English, who were already established there, denounced him as a spy to the Russian government, and he was imprisoned for several years at Yaroslavl. He was freed through the efforts of brothers Jacov and Grigory Anikiew, employees of the Stroganovs. He worked for them, participating in annual expeditions to the east. He convinced his employers to open up trade with the Dutch.
In 1580, the Pet and Jackman Expedition sought the Northeast Passage for the English Muscovy Company. The Russian authorities built two ships to do the same, and recruited Brunel to travel to Antwerp and hire crews. However, Brunel's first loyalty was to his homeland. While the Dutch government provided no financial support, he piqued the interest of Balthazar de Moucheron, and the "first Netherland [sic] Arctic voyage was undertaken in 1584". He traded along the way, but on his return, the ship and its cargo of "rich cargo of valuable furs, mountain-crystal, and Muscovy glass, was wrecked in the shallow mouth of the Petchora river."
Brunel then convinced the king of Denmark to commission him to search for long-lost colonies in Greenland, but after three failed attempts, he gave up. Little is known of the remainder of his life.
# Hauenštejn

Hauenštejn (Czech var.: Horní hrad; German: Hauenstein) is a medieval castle in the Czech Republic. The castle is the private property of Pavel Palacký, a descendant of František Palacký.
It is situated in the Ore Mountains in the territory of Krásný Les.

## History

The castle was built in the 13th century by King Ottokar II of Bohemia or his son Wenceslaus II to guard royal paths and local mines. The first known owner was Mikuláš Winkler, burgrave of Loket Castle, who sold Hauenštejn to the monastery in Doksany. The monastery exchanged it for another building with King John of Bohemia. His son Charles IV enlarged the castle‘s domain. The castle frequently changed its keepers in the second half of the 14th century and the 15th century but it more or less remained royal property. The rich family of Šlik that started silver mining near Jáchymov won the castle in the 16th century. The Šliks rebuilt the castle in the Renaissance style after a fire in 1600. In 1663, the Šliks sold the castle to the Saxe-Lauenburg ducal family and it became part of the Ostrov domain. The castle was in the hands of the Baden family from 1689. When the last male member of the family died in 1771, the property of the Badens in Bohemia was inherited by the royal family of Maria Theresa. The Habsburgs sold it to the Buquoy family in 1837. Countess Gabrielle Buquoy started to rebuild the castle in a Romantic style. Ferdinand Buquoy continued the reconstruction under the influence of historism, taking its examples from England (Windsor, Arundel, Belvoir, Lancaster or Oxford) and Bavaria (Hohenswangau, Lahneck).

## 20th century

In World War II it was used by the Hitler Youth and it was also used for snake experiments – a snake from the genus of Coluber was set in the location to fight the adder and a kind of serum was developed there that Rommel used in Africa. After the war, it was confiscated by the state and the communists made it an accommodation for the uranium miners in Jáchymov, and then for a youth organisation. In 1958, it was condemned as not suitable for living and closed up. From that time onwards, it was constantly being ruined, partly by time, partly by vandals.

## Present

In 2000 Pavel Palacký, a descendant of Czech historian František Palacký, bought the castle from the village of Krásný Les and started with its sanitation.
# Sterckshof silver museum

The Sterckshof silver museum of the province of Antwerp (Dutch: Zilvermuseum Sterckshof Provincie Antwerpen, French: Musée de l'Argenterie de Sterckshof) was a museum located in Sterckshof castle in Deurne, Province of Antwerp, Belgium, from 1994 to 2014. It then merged with the Antwerp Diamond Museum to form DIVA Museum for Diamonds, Jewellery and Silver, based in Antwerp city centre.

## Purpose

The Sterckshof silver museum was founded as a centre for research, expertise and promotion of the silversmith's trade. In 2007 the museum was the first museum to ever win the art history prize of the 's-Hertogenbosch Art & Antiques Fair.

## Collection

Sterckshof castle was built in neo-Flemish Renaissance style, completed in 1938. The silver museum opened in the castle in 1994 after a major renovation. The museum was about 6 kilometres (3.7 mi) from downtown Antwerp. It was located in the Rivierenhof, one of the city's largest parks. The castle where it was based includes courtyards with a wishing well, a French garden and ruins.
The silver collection is extremely varied, covering the period from the 16th century to the present. The artifacts were presented thematically, with techniques, brands, styles and the use of the objects presented in context. The museum displays included domestic and religious artifacts. The museum also included exceptional examples of antique Belgian furniture.

## Other aspects

The museum held silver expertise days and silver Sunday. It organized regular discussions, night classes and tours, and geared custom programs on the theme of silver to schools and groups. There was a functioning silversmith's workshop. The library of the Sterckshof Silver Museum held a unique collection with a focus on Belgian goldsmiths.
There was also an extensive collection related to applied arts, as well as descriptions of artifacts, art styles, information about artists, conservation and restoration techniques and specific topics.
From 1996 onwards the Sterckshof Silver Museum of the Province of Antwerp gave an annual contract to a Belgian silversmith to make a silver artifact for the museum's collection. The museum and the selected jeweler agreed on the object to be made, which should be characteristic of the artist's oeuvre. It was manufactured entirely or in part in the museum's silver workshop. The museum would publish a small monograph on the artist.
In September 2010 Sandra Janssens, formerly a scholarly associate at Musea Brugge, replaced acting director Wim Nys as curator.
In 2014 the museum merged with the Antwerp Diamond Museum to form DIVA Museum for Diamonds, Jewellery and Silver, which opened in 2018 near the Grote Markt in Antwerp. Alternative uses have been sought for the Sterckshof site.
# EN80

EN80 was a series of standard-gauge electric railcars and trailers operated by the Warsaw Commuter Railway from 1927 to 1972. 20 railcars and trailers were built in 1927 by English Electric. They were all repaired by Konstal after World War II, with the addition of 12 new trailers to the fleet.

## Genesis and production

After the Warsaw Commuter Railway (Polish: Warszawska Kolej Dojazdowa, WKD), then known as the Electric Commuter Railway, was built in the 1920s, the owners of the railway turned to English Electric, a British company, in order to produce the first standard-gauge tram to serve this route, as this was the first standard-gauge railway in Poland and no Polish trains could serve on it due to the gauge discrepancy.
English Electric complied. In 1927, it built 20 railcars and 20 trailers for the WKD. They were delivered to Poland before the line was opened, on 11 December 1927. After World War II, the rolling stock was rebuilt by Konstal in Chorzów. This was accompanied by 12 new trailers, built in 1948. The new EN80s were equipped with 45kW engines.

## Design

EN80 series trams were built of oak and pine timber. The interiors were composed of large oak benches, with a total capacity of 38 passengers. They were accompanied by small tables. The electric railcars included cabs on both sides, equipped with basic equipment.
Each of the EN80 railcars was equipped with two bogies. The wheels on the train had a diameter of 851 mm (33.5 in). The tram relied on overhead lines to provide a supply of 600 V of electricity through its pantograph.

## Service history

The railcars, arriving on 11 December 1927 in Poland, served the route from Warsaw to Grodzisk Mazowiecki, as well as the slower routes to Włochy and Milanówek, built in the 1930s. Prior to the start of World War II, the WKD became increasingly crowded. In 1939, WKD railcars carried a daily load of 40,000 passengers. Although most EN80s remained operational throughout the war, during the Warsaw Uprising and the Red Army's approach to Warsaw, General Government authorities began destroying units en masse. After the war had ended, by 16 May 1945, only 25 EN80s remained.
In order to fill the gap left in the EN80 fleet by the destruction, in 1948, Konstal's factory in Chorzów built 12 new trailers; all existing EN80s were also rebuilt. In 1951, after the WKD was rebranded, it had 20 railcars and 30 trailers in its inventory. The introduction of the Pafawag 101Na in 1972 resulted in the rapid retirement of EN80 trains; the last railcar was retired on 1 March 1973. One railcar, EN-16s, remains in the WKD's headquarters.
# Schmatzfeld

Schmatzfeld is a village and a former municipality in the district of Harz, in Saxony-Anhalt, Germany.
Since 1 January 2010, it is part of the municipality Nordharz.
# National Federation of State Workers

The National Federation of State Workers (French: Fédération nationale des travailleurs de l'Etat, FNTE) is a trade union representing civil servants in France.
The union was founded in 1922 and affiliated to the General Confederation of Labour (CGT). Initially, it represented workers in arsenals, navy yards and similar institutions. It claimed 119,000 members in 1936, and although it was banned during World War II, it reformed after the war, and in 1946 it had 150,000 members. In the late 1940s, a minority left to form the Federation of General Administration.
Despite its name, the union does not organise all civil servants, as some departments have their own unions, but it covers the Ministry of Defence, and various government agencies. By 1994, it had 14,391 members.
# Ruby seadragon

The ruby seadragon (Phyllopteryx dewysea) is a marine fish in the family Syngnathidae, which also includes seahorses. It inhabits the coast of Western Australia. The species was first described in 2015, making it only the third known species of seadragon, and the first to be discovered in 150 years. A specimen found on shore in 2007 was 23.5 cm (9.3 in) long.
The team that discovered this species named the marine fish after its color. They believe it is so red because it inhabits the deeper waters, where red hues are absorbed more efficiently, and thus being red colored can aid in camouflage.
In April 2016, researchers used an underwater camera to film a video of a live specimen for the first time, publishing their findings in January 2017. The video confirmed that the ruby seadragon has stumpy lobes, rather than the longer (common) or elaborate (leafy) lobes that protrude from the other seadragons in the family Syngnathidae.
Based on records, many assumed that the ruby seadragon normally lives at depths beyond normal scuba range and diving limits, which may explain why it went undiscovered for so long. The species is found more often offshore in deeper waters.
Scientific papers have been published by researchers from the University of Western Australia and also the Scripps Institution of Oceanography in San Diego.
The ruby seadragon has a prehensile tail, which means it can use its tail to hold and manipulate objects. Other species of seadragon do not have this type of tail, so this could point to an evolutionary cause. It is unknown if they developed this trait or if the other species lost it over time.
# Old Boots (sculpture)

Old Boots (Spanish: Las Botas Viejas), also known as the Old Shoes Monument (Spanish: Monumento Los Zapatos Viejos) is a sculpture located in Cartagena, Colombia. The statue was created in honor of Colombian poet Luis Carlos López [es], who, in his poem A mi Ciudad Nativa, compared the city of Cartagena to a pair of old boots.

## History

The sculpture was originally created out of enameled cement by Colombian artist Tito Lombana in 1957. It was located by Media Luna, but was demolished in 1992 to make way for the construction of the Heredia Bridge, and was rebuilt by his brother Hector Lombana in 1994, this time out of bronze.
There is a replica of the piece at the Cartagena Plaza in Coral Gables, Florida.

## Description

Located in the Getsemaní neighborhood and overlooked by the Castillo San Felipe de Barajas, the statue is composed of two large bronze boots with laces, with one standing up straight and the other lying flat on the ground. They are located on cement and are surrounded by pruned bushes.
# Carmelino G. Alvendia

Carmelino Gomez Alvendia Sr. (November 3, 1906 – March 6, 1982) was a justice of Court of Appeals of the Philippines, a founder of Quezon City Academy and a co-founder of the Manuel L. Quezon University (MLQU), formerly Manuel L. Quezon Educational Institute, in 1947.

## Biography

Alvendia was born on November 3, 1906, at Floridablanca, Pampanga. He earned his Associate of Arts in the University of the Philippines in 1926. He received his Bachelor of Laws degree, cum laude, in 1930 and his Master of Laws degree in 1933 from the university. While in the university, he joined the Upsilon Sigma Phi in 1926.
In 1938, he earned his Doctor of Civil Law in the University of Santo Tomas. During the tenure of President Diosdado Macapagal of the Philippines, he was elevated as one of the justices of Court of Appeals.
In 1963, he bought Bago Bantay Academy located in the heart of Epifanio de los Santos Avenue (EDSA) and renamed it "Quezon City Academy" (QCA). QCA remains a secondary school in Metro Manila.
Alvendia died on March 6, 1982. During the centenary of his birth, QCA conducted a program and celebrations that were attended by thousands of alumni from 1953 to 2008.

## Heritage Bahay na Puti (Alvendia House)

The Floridablanca, Pampanga Justice Carmelino Alvendia Sr. ancestral mansion ("White House") is owned, preserved and maintained by his family.
* Rear view
* The heritage house of the town
* White fence
# Josse Ruth

Josse Ruth (born 30 October 1896, date of death unknown) was a Belgian athlete. Ruth competed for his native country at the 1924 Summer Olympics in pentathlon and decathlon.

## Achievements

| Year | Competition | Venue | Position | Event | Performance | Notes |
| 1924 | Olympic Games | Paris | 19th | Pentathlon | 55 | |
| 1924 | Olympic Games | Paris | 17th | Decathlon | 5866.670 | |
# Peruvian Motherland

The Motherland (Spanish: Madre patria) is the national personification of Peru.

## Appearance

The figure, first introduced during the Peruvian War of Independence, generally has the appearance of a (generally) seated female with a Greek profile wearing a laurel wreath and a white tunic. Official usage included her appearance on banknotes and coins formerly issued by the Peruvian government, as well as in statues, such as the one in Flag Square or in the Plaza San Martín of central Lima.

## Gallery

* Rs. 100 banknote with the figure in the centre
* 1863 coin showing the figure
* The statue in the Plaza San Martín
* S/. 1 coin showing the figure
* The statue in Flag Square
# National Council for Democracy

The National Council for Democracy (French: Conseil national pour la Démocratie), led by Chairman-General Gilbert Diendéré, was the ruling cabinet of the military junta of Burkina Faso from 17 to 23 September 2015. It took temporary control of the preceding cabinet led by Interim President Michel Kafando in the 2015 Burkinabé coup d'état.

## History

On the evening of 16 September 2015, members of the Regiment of Presidential Security (RSP) stormed a cabinet meeting of the Government and seized interim President Michel Kafando, Prime Minister Isaac Zida and other officials. The next morning, Lieutenant Colonel Mamadou Bamba appeared on television announcing the National Council for Democracy to "put an end" to "the deviant regime of transition".
On the same day, General Gilbert Diendéré was named Chairman of the Council. Diendéré claimed to be acting in the interest of Burkina Faso, saying that the upcoming elections under the transitional government's electoral law would be too divisive because supporters of former President Blaise Compaoré were barred from running. He promised inclusive elections in which no one would be barred from running for political reasons.
The National Council for Democracy failed to consolidate its authority across the country and faced pressure from regional leaders, and eventually from the regular army, to restore the transitional government. After the army entered Ouagadougou to confront the RSP, Kafando was reinstalled as President on 23 September and Zida also returned to his post as Prime Minister. Diendéré said that the coup was a mistake and that "we knew the people were not in favour of it. That is why we have given up."
# Rudolf, 6th Prince Kinsky of Wchinitz and Tettau

Rudolf, 6th Prince Kinsky of Wchinitz and Tettau (German: Rudolf Josef Anton Ferdinand Franz Leonhard Wilhelm Guido Fürst Kinsky von Wchinitz und Tettau; 30 March 1802 – 27 January 1836) was the 6th Prince Kinsky of Wchinitz and Tettau.

## Early life

Rudolf was born at Prague, Kingdom of Bohemia elder son of Ferdinand, 5th Prince Kinsky of Wchinitz and Tettau and Baroness Maria Charlotte Caroline of Kerpen. He became the prince at the age of 9, upon the death of his father in 1812.

## Marriage and family

Rudolf married on 12 May 1825 in Prague to Countess Wilhelmine Elisabeth of Colloredo-Mannsfeld (1804–1871), only daughter of Count Hieronymus of Colloredo-Mannsfeld and his wife, Countess Wilhelmine of Waldstein.
They had three children:
* Countess Marie Karoline Kinsky of Wchinitz and Tettau (22 September 1832 – 29 December 1904), married in 1850 to Theodor, Graf von Thun und Hohenstein; had issue.
* Ferdinand Bonaventura, 7th Prince Kinsky of Wchinitz and Tettau (22 October 1834 – 2 January 1904), married in 1856 to Princess Maria Josepha of Liechtenstein; had issue.
* Countess Rudolphine Karoline Kinsky of Wchinitz and Tettau (26 June 1836 – 25 November 1899), married in 1857 to Count Franz Alexander Ernst Noyel of Bellegarde; had issue.
The Rudolph Stone at Bohemian Switzerland in Jetřichovice was named after him. He was owner of Choceň Castle from 1824 until his death in 1836, he was succeeded by his only son Ferdinand Bonaventura.

## Ancestry

Ancestors of Rudolf, 6th Prince Kinsky of Wchinitz and Tettau :

## Notes and sources

* Almanach de Gotha, Reference: 1874 150
* Genealogisches Handbuch des Adels, Fürstliche Häuser, Reference:
Rudolf, 6th Prince Kinsky of Wchinitz and Tettau House of KinskyBorn: 30 March 1802 Died: 27 January 1836 :
| Titles of nobility |||
| Preceded byFerdinand | Prince Kinsky of Wchinitz and Tettau 3 November 1812 – 27 January 1836 | Succeeded byFerdinand Bonaventura |
* This biographical article of a European noble is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
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# Uchtspringe station

Uchtspringe (German: Bahnhof Uchtspringe) is a railway station located in Uchtspringe, Germany. The station is located on the Berlin-Lehrte Railway. The train services are operated by Deutsche Bahn.

## Train services

The station is serves by the following service(s):
* Local services RB 35 Wolfsburg - Stendal
# Tore Killingland

Tore Killingland (born 1953) is a Norwegian business manager, environmentalist and politician for the Liberal Party.
He took his cand.mag. degree at the University of Oslo. He was a co-founder and chairman of Natur og Ungdom (1971–1973), worked for the Norwegian Ministry of the Environment, the Norwegian Consumer Council and the Norwegian Directorate for Nature Management. From 1997 to 2000 he was a political advisor in the Ministry of Transport and Communications, and from February to March 2000 he was appointed State Secretary in the Office of the Prime Minister. Between 2002 and 2006 he served as secretary-general of Friends of the Earth Norway. He was a former assisting secretary-general.
He left as secretary-general in December 2006, and became CEO of EnPro in February 2007. He resigned later in 2007, and was hired as leader of the "Green Team" in Burson-Marsteller. He was also hired as manager of the foundation Green in Practice, but he backed out as the existence of the foundation was threatened. In 2009 he became manager of Jernbanealliansen.
# Elisabeth of Cieszyn

Elisabeth of Cieszyn (Polish: Elżbieta cieszyńska; after 1340? – after 20 January 1364), was a Polish princess, member of the Piast dynasty in the Cieszyn branch.
She was the fourth daughter and youngest child of Casimir I, Duke of Cieszyn, by his wife Euphemia, daughter of Duke Trojden I of Czersk-Warsaw.

## Life

From childhood, Elisabeth was destined for the Church by her father, like her older brothers Bolesław, Jan and Siemowit and her older sister Jolanta Helena.
Elisabeth entered as a nun in the Cistercian monastery of Trzebnica. Presumably in 1363, she fled from the Trzebnica monastery and began a relationship with John Henry, Margrave of Moravia, brother of Emperor Charles IV. The scandalous news soon reached Rome. By a letter dated on 20 January 1364, Pope Urban V demanded of the Bishop of Wrocław, Przecław of Pogarell, that he convince Elisabeth to break her concubinage with the Margrave of Moravia and return to the Trzebnica monastery. Soon afterwards, the liaison between Elisabeth and John Henry ended, and by 26 February 1364 the Margrave of Moravia was married for the third time, to Margareta, daughter of Albert II, Duke of Austria.
Elisabeth's later fate is unknown, as are the date of her death and the place of her burial.

## Ancestry

Ancestors of Elisabeth of Cieszyn :