OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Ahmad ibn Tughan al-Ujayfi

Ahmad ibn Tughan al-Ujayfi (Arabic: أحمد بن توغان العجيفي) was the governor of Tarsus, Antioch, and the Abbasid Caliphate's borderlands in Cilicia (al-thughur al-Shamiya) for the semi-autonomous Tulunid dynasty from 891 to 896.

## Life

Ahmad ibn Tughan al-Ujayfi appears for the first time in 891, during the governorship of Yazaman al-Khadim in Tarsus. In the previous year, Yazaman had acknowledged the suzerainty of the Tulunid ruler Khumarawayh against that of the Abbasid central government under the regent al-Muwaffaq. According to al-Tabari, Ahmad arrived at Tarsus on 4 October 891 and took part in the summer expedition (ṣā’ifa) against the Byzantine border fortress of Salandu (Selinus/Traianopolis), where Yazaman was mortally wounded, dying on the next day (23 October). According to Ibn al-Athir, "Ibn Ujayf" (Ahmad) succeeded Yazaman as governor of Tarsus and was confirmed by Khumarawayh, although a certain Ibn Abi Isa, who was also a commander in the expedition against Salandu, may have held the post briefly as an interim governor.
Soon after, however, he was replaced as governor of Tarsus by Muhammad ibn Musa al-A'raj. The latter did not remain in the post for long, as he was deposed and seized in August 892 in an uprising of the populace of Tarsus, angry at a Tulunid attempt to imprison the local magnate Raghib and confiscate his property. Khumarawayh was forced to back down, and sent Raghib back to the city, along with Ahmad, who was once more named its governor. They arrived in the city on 7 November 892. S. M. Stern suggests that perhaps the "al-Ujayfi" or "Ibn Ujayf" who appears as governor of Tarsus during this period was a different person from Ahmad ibn Tughan, who may have been the governor of the wider borderlands rather than Tarsus alone. Modern literature however generally considers them to have been the same person.
In September 893, Ahmad al-Ujayfi along with Ahmad ibn Abba and Badr al-Hammami led an expedition against the Byzantines, reaching as far as al-Balaqsun (unidentified, possibly Carian or Lycian Telmessos). In September 896, he supervised the prisoner exchange with the Byzantines on the Lamos River, which began on 16 September and lasted for twelve days, leading to the ransoming of 2,504 Muslim men, women and children according to al-Tabari, while al-Mas'udi variously numbers the exchanged prisoners as 2,495 or 3,000. At this time, al-Mas'udi names Ahmad as "commander of the Syrian borderlands and of Antioch".
In October, after the exchange was concluded, Ahmad left Tarsus by sea, leaving the Byzantine renegade Damian of Tarsus (a former servant of Yazaman) in his place as governor of Tarsus. Later, in March/April 897, he sent Yusuf ibn al-Baghimardi to Tarsus, either to replace or to reinforce Damian.
# Prince Bakar of Kartli

Bakar (Georgian: ბაქარი) (April 7, 1700 – February 1, 1750) was a Georgian royal prince (batonishvili) of the Mukhrani branch of the Bagrationi dynasty and served as regent of the Kingdom of Kartli (eastern Georgia) from September 1716 to August 1719.

## Biography

He was the son of King Vakhtang VI of Kartli by his wife, Rusudan of Circassia. Vakhtang left him in charge of the government of Kartli (eastern Georgia) during his absence at the Safavid court of Persia from September 1716 to August 1719. His position was recognized by the Shah of Persia who invested him, in 1717, with the title of janishin, a crown, sword, gold insignia, and robe of honor. At the same time, he had to nominally embrace Islam and assumed the name of Shahnavaz Khan III. On this occasion, he was appointed by the Shah the commander-in-chief of the Persian army and governor-general of Azerbaijan. In 1722, he was appointed as commander of the élite gholam corps (qollar-aghasi). When the Ottoman armies invaded Georgia in 1723, Bakar attempted to negotiate, but eventually followed his father in a Russian exile in July 1724. He permanently settled in Moscow where he came to be known as Tsarevich Bakar Vakhtangovich Gruzinsky (Russian: Бакар Вахтангович Грузинский). The prince engaged in cultural enterprises initiated by his father; he helped revive the Georgian printing house in Moscow and sponsored publication of The Bible in Georgian in 1743.
Bakar was also involved in the Russian diplomatic and military service. In 1724, he was granted the village Lyskovo in hereditary possession. In November 1729, Bakar was promoted to lieutenant-general and appointed commander of artillery in the Moscow region. He died in Moscow in 1750 and was interred at the Donskoy Monastery.

## Family

Bakar was married to Ana, daughter of Giorgi, Duke of Aragvi (1706 – 18 February 1780), who accompanied him in Russia and died in Moscow, being buried in the Donskoy Monastery. They had five children:
* Prince Alexander Gruzinsky (1726–1791), Russian army officer and claimant to the Georgian throne.
* Prince Levan Gruzinsky (1739–1763), Russian army officer.
* Princess Mariam (died 1807).
* Princess Elisabed (died 1768), married to Prince Nikolay Odoyevsky.
* An anonymous daughter.
# Puente Santa Rosa

St. Rose Bridge (Spanish: Puente Santa Rosa) is one of the main bridges located in the historic centre of Lima, Peru. It connects Lima with Rímac District and follows the path of Tacna Avenue. It is named after the Sanctuary of Saint Rose of Lima, located next to its southern entrance.

## History

The bridge was preceded by the nearby "la Puente de Palo" (lit. trans. the stick-bridge), a rudimentary wooden bridge that still existed by 1962 built by the Viceroy Marquis of Cañete to connect what was then the neighbourhood of San Lázaro with the city of Lima. The construction was carried out at the request of Conquistador Jerónimo de Aliaga [es], with the finished product being a narrow bridge, through which only one person could pass at a time. It was the first "firm" bridge in the city (despite the fact that it had replaced a brick bridge destroyed by flooding in 1607), and connected the neighbourhood of Monserrat through its main square to the other side of the river.
The new bridge was formally inaugurated on August 30, 1960. During the opening ceremony, speeches were given by Héctor García Ribeyro, then mayor of Lima, and Manuel Prado Ugarteche, then president of Peru who was accompanied by First Lady Clorinda Málaga, with whom he travelled from one side to the other in his car once the ceremony had concluded. Also present in the ceremony were the Archbishop of Lima, Juan Landázuri Ricketts, and auxiliary bishop José Antonio Dammert Bellido. The architect in charge of the project was Ernesto Aramburú Menchaca [es].
# Belmont-sur-Montreux railway station

Belmont-sur-Montreux railway station (French: Gare de Belmont-sur-Montreux) is a railway station in the municipality of Montreux, in the Swiss canton of Vaud. It is located on the 1,000 mm (3 ft 3+3⁄8 in) Montreux–Lenk im Simmental line of the Montreux Oberland Bernois Railway.

## Services

As of the December 2021 timetable change, the following services stop at Belmont-sur-Montreux:
* Regio: hourly service between Montreux and Les Avants.
# Lin cabinet

On 15 March 2016, president-elect of the Republic of China Tsai Ing-wen named Lin Chuan premier. He was confirmed by the Legislative Yuan soon after and took office on 20 May 2016.
On 3 September 2017, Premier Lin Chuan tendered his resignation to President Tsai Ing-wen, which was reluctantly accepted. A recent poll showed Lin's approve rating to be a mere 28.7%, with 6 in 10 respondents dissatisfied with the performance of his cabinet.

## Members of the Executive Yuan
### Ministers

* Lin Hsi-yao, Vice Premier
* Yeh Jiunn-rong, Interior
* David Lee, Foreign Affairs
* Feng Shih-kuan, National Defense
* Sheu Yu-jer, Finance
* Pan Wen-chung, Education
* Chiu Tai-san, Justice
* Lee Chih-kung, Economic Affairs
* Hochen Tan, Transportation and Communications
* Lin Tzou-yien, Health and Welfare
* Cheng Li-chun, Culture
* Kuo Fang-yu, Labor
* Yang Hung-duen, Science and Technology

### Ministers without portfolio

In the Lin cabinet, the following held office as ministers without portfolio:
* Audrey Tang
* Chang Ching-sen, also serving as Governor of Fujian Province
* Chen Tain-jy, also serving as Minister of National Development Council
* Hsu Jan-yau, also serving as Governor of Taiwan Province and Minister of Mongolian and Tibetan Affairs Commission
* John Deng
* Lin Wan-i
* Wu Hong-mo, also serving as Minister of Public Construction Commission
* Wu Tsung-tsong

### Staff

* Chen Mei-ling, Secretary-General
* Ho Pei-shan and Sung Yu-hsieh, Deputy Secretaries-General
# La Meyze

La Meyze (French pronunciation:; Occitan: La Meisa) is a commune in the Haute-Vienne department in the Nouvelle-Aquitaine region in west-central France. La Meyze station has rail connections to Brive-la-Gaillarde and Limoges.
Inhabitants are known as Meyzais.
# Durasovo, Vladimir Oblast

Durasovo (Russian: Дурасово) is a rural locality (a village) in Butylitskoye Rural Settlement, Melenkovsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 5 as of 2010.

## Geography

Durasovo is located 36 km (22 mi) north of Melenki (the district's administrative centre) by road. Skripino is the nearest rural locality.
# Christoph Langen

Christoph Langen (born 27 March 1962, in Cologne, North Rhine-Westphalia) is a German bobsledder who competed for the West Germany and Germany national team from 1985 to 2005 (as a pilot from 1991). In his four Winter Olympics, he won four medals; two golds (Two-man: 2002, Four-man: 1998) and two bronzes (Two-man: 1992, 1998).
Langen was slowed by injuries to his Achilles tendon, which required two surgeries. His injuries prevented competing in the 2006 Winter Olympics in Turin. He was a bobsleigh television commentator in Germany until promoted to head coach of the Germany national team in June 2010.
Langen also won twelve medals at the FIBT World Championships with eight golds (Two-man: 1993, 1995, 1996, 2000, 2001; Four-man: 1991 (as a brakeman), 1996, 2001) and four silvers (Two-man: 1999, 2004; Four-man: 2000, 2004).
He also won the Bobsleigh World Cup combined event twice (1995–96, 1998–99), the two-man event three times (1995–96, 1998–99, 2003–04), and the four-man event once (1998–99).

## Additional championships

* European champion 2-man crew: 1994, 1995, 1996, 2001, 2004
* European champion 4-man crew: 1996, 1999
# Quzijaq-e Sofla

Quzijaq-e Sofla (Persian: قوزيجاق سفلي, also Romanized as Qūzījāq-e Soflá) is a village in Anguran Rural District, Anguran District, Mahneshan County, Zanjan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 165, in 29 families.
# Moghanjiq

Moghanjiq (Persian: مغانجيق, romanized: Moghānjīq; also known as Moghānjeq) is a village in Sarajuy-ye Shomali Rural District, in the Central District of Maragheh County, East Azerbaijan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 1,877, in 399 families.
# Mental disability

Mental disability may refer to:
* Developmental disability, a chronic condition due to mental or physical impairments arising before adulthood
* Disabilities affecting intellectual abilities, medical conditions affecting cognitive ability including:
** Intellectual disability, also known as general learning disability, a generalized neurodevelopmental disorder
** Learning disability, where a person has difficulty learning in a typical manner
* Mental disorder, also called mental illness or psychiatric disorder, a behavioral or mental pattern that causes impairment of personal functioning
** Neurodevelopmental disorder, a disorder of brain function
* Emotional and behavioral disorders, a disability classification used in educational settings
# Mahaki Amin Beyg

Mahaki Amin Beyg (Persian: مهكي امين بيگ, also Romanized as Mahakī Amīn Beyg; also known as Mahakī Amīn) is a village in Beshiva Pataq Rural District, in the Central District of Sarpol-e Zahab County, Kermanshah Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 54, in 15 families.
# Asfaranjan, Ardabil

Asfaranjan (Persian: اسفرنجان, also Romanized as Asfaranjān; also known as Asfarjān) is a village in Sanjabad-e Gharbi Rural District, in the Central District of Kowsar County, Ardabil Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 85, in 16 families.
# Domnino

Domnino (Russian: До́мнино) is a rural locality (a village) in Lyakhovskoye Rural Settlement, Melenkovsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 12 as of 2010.

## Geography

Domnino is located 18 km (11 mi) east of Melenki (the district's administrative centre) by road. Bolshaya Sala is the nearest rural locality.
# Vasirin

Vasirin (Persian: وسيرين, also Romanized as Vasīrīn) is a village in Hudian Rural District, in the Central District of Dalgan County, Sistan and Baluchestan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 34, in 6 families.
# Roman Krutsyk

Roman Mykolayovych Krutsyk (Ukrainian: Роман Миколайович Круцик; 6 July 1945 – 23 December 2023) was a Ukrainian politician. He was an MP in 1994–1998 from the Congress of Ukrainian Nationalists. Krutsyk was the director of Museum of Soviet Occupation from 2007 until his death on 23 December 2023, at the age of 78.
# Arsac-en-Velay

Arsac-en-Velay (French pronunciation:, literally Arsac in Velay; Occitan: Arsac de Velai) is a commune in the Haute-Loire department in south-central France.
# Giaku

Giaku (Persian: گياكو, also Romanized as Gīākū) is a village in Kasma Rural District, in the Central District of Sowme'eh Sara County, Gilan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 105, in 30 families.
# Administrative divisions of Russia in 1713–1714

This is a summary of the administrative divisions of Russia in the years 1713 and 1714.
* History of the administrative division of Russia
* 1708–1710
* 1710–1713
* 1713–1714
* 1714–1717
* 1717–1719
* 1719–1725
* 1725–1726
* 1726–1727
* 1727–1728
* 1728–1744
* 1744–1764

## Major events

* May 19 (May 8 in the Julian calendar), 1713 — the capital of Russia was moved from Moscow to St. Petersburg.
* July 28 (17), 1713 — Riga Governorate was formed on the recently acquired lands in the north-west of Russia.
* July 28 (17), 1713 — Smolensk Governorate was abolished; its territory was divided between Moscow and Riga Governorates.

## Subdivisions (as of 1713)

As of 1713, Russia was subdivided into nine governorates:
* Archangelgorod Governorate (Архангелогородская губерния)
** Subdivided into 18.5 lots (Russian: доли).
* Azov Governorate (Азовская губерния)
** Subdivided into 7.5 lots.
* Kazan Governorate (Казанская губерния)
** Subdivided into 21 lots.
* Kiev Governorate (Киевская губерния)
** Subdivided into 5 lots.
* Moscow Governorate (Московская губерния)
** Subdivided into lots.
* Riga Governorate (Рижская губерния)
** Subdivided into lots.
* St. Petersburg Governorate (Санкт-Петербургская губерния)
** Subdivided into 32.2 lots.
* Siberia Governorate (Сибирская губерния)
** Subdivided into 9 lots.
# Pioneers of the Revolution

The Pioneers of the Revolution (French: Pionniers de la Révolution) was a youth organisation in Burkina Faso, modelled along the pattern of the pioneer movements typically operated by communist parties, such as the Vladimir Lenin All-Union Pioneer Organization and the Young Pioneers of China. The Pioneers of the Revolution organised children of all ages. Much like many other young pioneer movements, the most distinct sign of the Pioneers were their red scarves, combined with rudimentary uniforms and yellow berets.
The movement was founded by Captain Thomas Sankara, a Marxist and pan-Africanist revolutionary who came to power in what was then the Republic of Upper Volta after a popularly-supported coup in 1983. Sankara undertook what he called the "Democratic and Popular Revolution" (French: Révolution démocratique et populaire), a radical transformation of society. Many of the measures taken by Sankara and his Council of Popular Salvation junta were concerned with children – for example, female genital mutilation and forced marriages were banned, a nationwide literacy campaign was held, and approximately 2.5 million children were vaccinated against meningitis, yellow fever and measles.
Other entities created by Sankara's government included the Committees for the Defense of the Revolution, which many Pioneers belonged to as well, and the Popular Revolutionary Tribunals. Much like the Committees and the Tribunals, the Pioneers of the Revolution were abolished after Thomas Sankara was killed in 1987 by a military coup led by his former friend and colleague Blaise Compaoré, who would remain in power until his own overthrow in the 2014 Burkinabé uprising. One of the primary opposition groups against Compaoré's government was the Le Balai Citoyen. Its leader, the musician Sams’K Le Jah, stated in a 2014 interview that he received his political education as a teenager in Sankara's pioneer youth movement.
# Zafarobod, Jizzakh Region

Zafarobod (Uzbek: Zafarobod, Russian: Зафарабад, romanized: Zafarabad) is an urban-type settlement in Jizzakh Region, Uzbekistan. It is the administrative center of Zafarobod District.
# Bearded Man with a Beret

Bearded Man with a Beret is a 1630 painting by the Dutch artist Jan Lievens. The painting of an old man is considered to be a stock character or a tronie. It is now in the National Gallery of Art in Washington D.C.

## History

The portrait was completed by Jan Lievens in 1630, and the subject of the painting is considered to be a tronie. Lievens was said to be adept at portraying old men with emotional eyes. It was painted while Lievens was working with Rembrandt in Leiden.
In 1990-1991 the painting was exhibited at the Fine Arts Museums of San Francisco. In 2008 the painting was exhibited at the Milwaukee Art Museum and the National Gallery of Art in Washington, D.C. In 2008-2009 it was exhibited at the Museum Het Rembrandthuis. In 2010 the painting was given to the National Gallery of Art by Linda Kaufman and George M. Kaufman.

## Description

Bearded Man with a Beret is a 1630 oil-on-panel painting by the Dutch artist Jan Lievens. Its dimensions are 53.5 cm × 46.3 cm (21.1 in × 18.2 in). The painting is of an old man who is looking up to his right. His lips are parted as if he has been interrupted while speaking. The beret on the old man's head may indicate the person is a scholar or an artist.

## Reception

Art historian Arthur K. Wheelock Jr. described the painting as a picture of an old man with light caressing his face, revealing wrinkled skin. The man has a furrowed brow and glinting off of his eyes. It was created during a time when Lievens etched numerous tronies (1620s and early 1630s). He said Lievens "indicated the transparency of the elderly man's skin with thin glazing, while suggesting the roughness of its texture by applying thick impastos with quick strokes of the brush".
# Ralf Lauruschkat

Ralf Lauruschkat (born 27 January 1950) is a German former field hockey player. He competed in the men's tournament at the 1976 Summer Olympics.
# Black Lake (Marchington River)

Black Lake (French: lac Black) is a lake in the Hudson Bay drainage basin in the Unorganized Part of Kenora District in Northwestern Ontario, Canada. It is about 2 kilometres (1.2 mi) long and 0.6 kilometres (0.4 mi) wide and lies at an elevation of 372 metres (1,220 ft), 13 kilometres (8.1 mi) northeast of Superior Junction and Highway 642, 4 kilometres (2 mi) southwest of McDougall Mills and 1.3 kilometres (0.8 mi) south of Rosnel. The primary outflow is an unnamed creek north to Botsford Lake on the Marchington River, which flows via the English River, the Winnipeg River and the Nelson River to Hudson Bay. The CN transcontinental rail line crosses the creek between Black Lake and Botsford Lake.
# Belaynesh Zevadia

Belaynesh Zevadia (Hebrew: בליינש זבדיה; born 1967) is an Ethiopian-born Israeli diplomat. She was appointed Israeli ambassador to Ethiopia in 2012 and was the Israeli ambassador to Rwanda.

## Biography

Belaynesh Zevadia was born to a Jewish family in the Gondar region of Ethiopia. She immigrated to Israel in 1984 at the age of 17, during Operation Moses. She is a graduate of the Hebrew University of Jerusalem.

## Diplomatic career

Zevadia was the first immigrant from Ethiopia to enter the Israeli Foreign Service as a trainee, working at Israeli consulate posts in Houston and Chicago. In 2012, she was appointed ambassador to Ethiopia, becoming the first immigrant from Ethiopia to Israel to serve as an Israeli ambassador. By 2016, she was the Israeli ambassador to Rwanda.
# Abu Abdallah IV

Abu Abdallah Tabiti (or Thabet) or Abu Abdallah(Mohammed) IV (Arabic: أبو عبد الله محمد الرابع الثابتي) (ruled 1475–1505) was a Sultan of the Kingdom of Tlemcen in Algeria. He was a son of Abu Abdallah III and was succeeded by his son Abu Abdallah V. During his reign he defeated Portugal in the battle of Mers El Kebir (1501) and the Oran fatwa were made at the same year of his reigns end.
# Borzaj

Borzaj (Persian: برزاج, also Romanized as Borzāj) is a village in Jolgeh-e Mazhan Rural District, Jolgeh-e Mazhan District, Khusf County, South Khorasan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 28, in 8 families.
# Paul Demetrius von Kotzebue

Paul Demetrius Graf von Kotzebue (Russian: Па́вел Евста́фьевич Коцебу́, tr. Pavel Evstaf'evich Kotsebu; 10 August 1801 – 19 April 1884) was a Baltic German statesman and general who was in the service of the Russian Empire. One of 18 children of the famous German dramatist August von Kotzebue, P. D. Kotzebue was most notable for his military career, especially during the Crimean War as he gained a reputation as a capable and orderly commander. However, Kotzebue was criticised by Russian historians for being highly Germanophile and had an certain level of condescension toward the Russians since he was German.
In additions to his achievements, he was elevated to count in 1874. He was Governor-General of Novorossiysk-Bessarabia and commander of the Odessa Military District from 1862 to 1874, and also Governor-General of Warsaw and commander of the Warsaw Military District from 1874 to 1880. During that period, Austrian observers perceived a buildup of fortresses in Russian Poland, and cavalry maneuvers near the border with Prussia prompted a verbal response from Prussian authorities. In August 1879, the czar arrived in Warsaw to witness military maneuvers himself.
That Germans like Kotzebue should hold the highest position in Russian Poland was not strange: "Germans in Russia were noted for traditional German orderliness, discipline, frugality, and calculation. Germans in high government positions were noted for their efficiency and incorruptibility – both characteristics in sharp contrast with Russian officials."
# Boytsevo

Boytsevo (Russian: Бойцево) is a rural locality (a village) in Denyatinskoye Rural Settlement, Melenkovsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 70 as of 2010.

## Geography

Boytsevo is located 26 km (16 mi) north of Melenki (the district's administrative centre) by road. Levino is the nearest rural locality.
# Detlev Lauscher

Detlev Lauscher (30 September 1952 – 15 January 2010) was a German footballer who played as a striker during the 1970s and 1980s. He was born in Übach-Palenberg, North Rhine-Westphalia.
Lauscher played five seasons for 1. FC Köln in the German first division, helping the club finish as runners-up in the league and cup during 1973.
Lauscher died in January 2010 of heart failure.