OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Meyer Landsberg

Meyer Landsberg (Hebrew: מאיר לנדסברג; May 1, 1810 – May 20, 1870) was a German rabbi.

## Biography

Landsberg's teacher, Aaron Wolfsohn, rabbi of Wöllstein, was elected to the rabbinate of Hildesheim in 1826, and Landsberg accompanied him and lived under his roof until Wolfsohn's death in 1830. Landsberg then went to Brunswick, where he continued his rabbinical studies while preparing for the university at the Brunswick gymnasium. He studied at the University of Berlin from 1834 to 1838. At Berlin he became closely connected with Leopold Zunz; with him he organized the Seminary for Jewish Teachers in 1840, in which institution he was an instructor until 1845. A lifelong friendship with Zunz was established, with whom he corresponded until his death. In 1837 he passed his state's examination as Oberlehrer [de], and his certificate contained the then-dusual clause, that, being a Jew, he had no claim to a position at a higher school.
In 1835 Landsberg was engaged as teacher at the Nauensche Institute for the education of boys, and from 1839 to 1846 he was its director, in which position David Cassel was his successor. From 1838 to 1846 he preached regularly at the bet ha-midrash and at the synagogue of Commerzienrath Lieberman. In 1846 he was appointed Landesrabbiner of Hildesheim, which position he filled until his death.
Although himself very strict in the observance of the ceremonial law, he was of a progressive spirit. In the synagogue built during his administration (1849) an organ was introduced, a mixed choir established, some German prayers introduced, and the piyyuṭim nearly all abolished. Confirmations of boys and girls were held every year.

## Personal life

Landsberg's eldest son was Dr. Max Landsberg, rabbi at Rochester, New York. His second son was architectural scholar Theodor Landsberg [de] of the Technische Hochschule at Darmstadt.
# Regev

Regev or Regeb (Hebrew: רגב) is a Jewish name that may refer to:
* Amitai Regev (born 1940), Israeli mathematician
* Aviv Regev (born 1971), Israeli computational biologist
* Eldad Regev (1980–2006), Israeli soldier
* Mark Regev (born 1960), Israeli diplomat
* Miri Regev (born 1965), Israeli politician and general
* Nir Regev (born 1977), Israeli inventor and founder of the #techtwin life improvement movement.
* Oded Regev (computer scientist) (born 1978), Israeli theoretical computer scientist and mathematician
* Oded Regev (physicist) (born 1946), physicist and astrophysicist
* Regev Fanan (born 1981), Israeli basketball player
* Uri Regev (born 1951), Israeli lawyer and rabbi
# Dash Kasan, Kurdistan

Dash Kasan (Persian: داش كسان, also Romanized as Dāsh Kasan and also known as Dasht Kasān) is a village in Chaharduli-ye Sharqi Rural District, Chaharduli District, Qorveh County, Kurdistan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 359, in 80 families. The village is populated by Azerbaijanis.
# Lanckorona Castle

The Lanckorona Castle (Polish: Zamek w Lanckoronie) was built in the early 14th century in Lanckorona, Poland. It was damaged in several fires and during conflicts, especially in 1655 during the Swedish Deluge and Battles of Lanckorona in 1771. Jakub Derc led a peasant revolt and was killed in Lanckorona.

## History

As documented in the manuscripts of the chronicler and diplomat Jan Długosz, King Casimir III the Great erected the Lanckorona Castle to protect the road to Kraków and the border with the Duchy of Oświęcim.

## Castle design

The original stronghold from the Middle Ages had a rectangular shape and had two four-sided corner towers. The rectangular inner courtyard was closed-off from the northwest side of the castle by a living quarters. In the 18th century, after the castle was rebuilt, cannon bastions were located in the corners of the castle, and a drawbridge led to the main gate. In 1770, the Bar Confederation repaired and fortified the castle. With the help of French engineers, external earth fortifications were built including a tick-shaped fort.
# Ghetty Green

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
| The Encyclopedia of Popular Music | |
| The Source | |
Ghetty Green is the debut studio album by American rapper Project Pat. It was released on September 14, 1999, through Hypnotize Minds, Loud Records, and RED Distribution. The recording sessions took place at Hypnotize Minds Studio and Cotton Row Recording Studio in Memphis, Tennessee. The production was primarily handled by DJ Paul and Juicy J, who also served as executive producers. It features guest appearances from Three 6 Mafia, Cash Money Millionaires, Crucial Conflict, Krayzie Bone and Noreaga.
The album's title is a Memphis slang term for money. According to Project Pat, earning money was the main theme of the album. He wrote half of the album while he was in jail. Jim Farber of New York Daily News highlighted the album's "tough street themes" and its "sinister", bass-heavy sound. In an interview with Soren Baker of Rap Pages, Project Pat explained that he was aiming for "fat, Memphis-distorted bass" that will grab listener's attention before they can hear lyrics.
Ghetty Green peaked at number 52 on the Billboard 200 and at number 9 on the Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums chart in the United States. The album spawned two singles: "Represent It" and "Ballers". "Ballers", the album's lead single, reached number 75 on the US Billboard Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart.

## Personnel

* Patrick Houston – main artist
* Jordan Houston – featured artist, producer, executive producer
* Paul Beauregard – featured artist, producer, executive producer
* Darnell Carlton – featured artist
* Ricky Dunigan – featured artist
* Lola Mitchell – featured artist
* Anthony Henderson – featured artist
* Victor Santiago Jr. – featured artist
* Byron Thomas – featured artist, producer
* Bryan Christopher Brooks – featured artist
* Christopher Noel Dorsey – featured artist
* Terius Gray – featured artist
* Crucial Conflict – featured artists
* Kirk Clayton – programming
* Lil' Pat – mixing & recording (tracks: 1, 3–6, 8, 9, 11, 13–19)
* Niko Lyras – mixing & recording (tracks: 2, 7, 10, 12, 20)
* L. Nix & Company Inc. – mastering
* Pen & Pixel – artwork, design
* Steve Roberts – photography

## Chart history

| Chart (1999) | Peak position |
| US Billboard 200 | 52 |
| US Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums (Billboard) | 9 |
| US Independent Albums (Billboard) | 40 |
# Menahem Manesh Hayyut

Menahem Manesh (also spelled Manus, Manish, or Mannusch) ben Isaac Chajes (died 1636) was a Polish rabbi.
He was the son of Rabbi Isaac ben Abraham Chajes, a descendant of a pious Provençal family; his father went to Prague in 1584. It seems that in his younger days, about 1590, he was rabbi of Turobin.
He is the first known rabbi of Wilna, and his tombstone is the oldest in the old Jewish cemetery of that city. The Jewish community of Wilna was established in the last decade of the sixteenth century, and as Abraham Samuel Bacharach of Worms (died 1615) congratulates Ḥayyut on his good position in a far-away place, it is probable that Ḥayyut was really the first rabbi of Wilna.
He is also mentioned in Ephraim Cohen's responsa "Sha'ar Efrayim," and in Moses Jekuthiel Kaufmann's "Leḥem ha-Panim" on Yoreh De'ah, the first reference indicating Ḥayyut's proficiency in geometry.
He died at Wilna about May, 1636.
His grandson was Rabbi Isaac Chajes.

## Works

His only known published work is "Zemirot le-Shabbat," or "Ḳabbalat Shabbat," which appeared in Prague (according to Leopold Zunz, in Lublin) in 1621, but of which only one copy is known to exist.
He was the author of an elegy on the conflagration of Posen and on the death of his brother Samuel, which appeared in his father's "Pene Yiẓḥaḳ" (Hebrew: פני יצחק) (Kraków, 1591).
The Bodleian Library contains a manuscript work of his, entitled "Derek Temimim" (Hebrew: דרך תמימים), which contains seven commentaries on the section Balaḳ of the Pentateuch and which is included in the Oppenheim collection ("Collectio Davidis," MS. No. 375, Hamburg, 1826).
# Saint-Saturnin-lès-Avignon

Saint-Saturnin-lès-Avignon (French pronunciation:, lit. "St Saturnin near Avignon"; Provençal Occitan: Sant Savornin d'Avinhon) is a commune in Greater Avignon in the Vaucluse department in the Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur region in Southeastern France. In 2021, it had a population of 5,119.

## History

The poet Jean Tortel (1904–1993) was born in Saint-Saturnin-lès-Avignon.

## Population

To differentiate the commune's inhabitants from those of Saint-Saturnin-lès-Apt to the east, the first are called Saint-Saturninois (masculine) and Saint-Saturninoises (feminine) in French, whereas the latter are called Saturninois (masculine) and Saturninoises (feminine).
# Operation Desert

Operation Desert (German: Unternehmen Wüste) was a German synthetic fuel project during World War II. It attempted to build a shale oil industrial production complex for utilization of Swabian Alb oil shale deposits (Posidonia Shale).
The project was driven by the fuel needs of the German army at the last phase of World War II due to decreasing conventional petroleum supplies. Three companies conducted pilot tests. LIAS-Ölschiefer-Forschungsgesellschaft mbH, established in September 1942, started tests in Frommern. Kohle-Öl-Union von Busse KG, established on 30 July 1943 in Berlin, tested in-situ retorting on the outskirts of Schörzingen. Deutsche Ölschiefer-Forschungsgesellschaft mbH, established on 20 September 1943 in Schömberg, became later the core of the Operation Desert. Schutzstaffel (SS) and Hermann Göring personally became involved in the project in late 1943. On 2 May 1944, SS established oil shale company Deutsche Schieferöl GmbH for its own shale oil plant near Erzingen. Also IG Farben became involved in shale oil. In July 1944, Operation Desert became a part of the Geilenberg Programme.
For the Operation Desert construction of ten shale oil extraction plants in Württemberg and Hohenzollern were ordered by Edmund Geilenberg. Prisoners from seven nearby subcamps of the Natzweiler-Struthof concentration camp, established by the route of Tübingen - Aulendorf and Nebenstrecke Balingen- Rottweil railway lines, were used as a workforce. The main contractor for building these plants was Deutsche Bergwerks- und Hüttenbau GmbH, a subsidiary of Reichswerke Hermann Göring. About 5,000 prisoners were used for construction works and more than 10,000 prisoners had been exploited for the oil-shale works. When Soviet troops advanced into Estonia in 1944, about 200 oil shale specialists from Estonia, employees of Baltische Öl GmbH , an affiliate of IG Farben, were evacuated to Schömberg.
However, out of ten planned plants only four became operational. The technology was primitive carbonization and oil yield was low. Mined oil shale was heaped into mounds which were ignited after covering by peat. Distilled shale oil and oil shale gas were collected through 300-millimetre (12 in) perforated pipes. Oil was separated from gas by electric filters. Until the end of the war, only 1,500 tonnes of shale oil was produced.
After the war French occupation forces tried continue the shale oil production operations but due to unprofitability it was halted in 1948.
# Hejran

Hejran (Persian: حجران, also Romanized as Hejrān) is a village in Mangur-e Gharbi Rural District, in the Central District of Piranshahr County, West Azerbaijan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 247, in 25 families.
# Darchahi

Darchahi (Persian: درچاهي, also Romanized as Darchāhī) is a village in Bazman Rural District, Bazman District, Iranshahr County, Sistan and Baluchestan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 49, in 11 families.
# Mohammadiyeh, Khomeyn

Mohammadiyeh (Persian: محمديه, also romanized as Moḩammadīyeh) is a village in Khorram Dasht Rural District, Kamareh District, Khomeyn County, Markazi Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 494, in 124 families.
# Dehnow-ye Fatemeh Barat

Dehnow-ye Fatemeh Barat (Persian: دهنوفاطمه برات, also Romanized as Dehnow-ye Fāţemeh Barāt) is a village in Golshan Rural District, in the Central District of Tabas County, South Khorasan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 90, in 24 families.
# Santa Gertrudis Air Force Base

Santa Gertrudis Air Force Base (Spanish: Base Aérea Militar Santa Gertrudis) (B.A.M. 11); officially Base Aérea Militar No. 11 Teniente Coronel Juan Pablo Aldasoro Suárez (11th Air Force Base Lieutenant Colonel Juan Pablo Aldasoro Suárez) (ICAO: MMSG) is a military airport located in the municipality of Saucillo, Chihuahua, in Mexico. It belongs to the Northeast Region of the Mexican Air Force.
The airport is situated at an elevation of 1,420 metres (4,660 ft) above mean sea level and features a 2,651 metres (8,698 ft) long runway, an apron with several parking positions and helipads, and other facilities to accommodate Air Force personnel.

## Functions

The Air Force Military School for AeroTactical Applications (Spanish: Escuela Militar de Aplicación AeroTáctica de la Fuerza Aérea) (E.M.A.A.T.F.A. or EMAATFA) is permanently stationed at this air force base. Utilizing T-6C Texan II aircraft, the school focuses on training and updating the personnel and aviator pilot officers of the Mexican Air Force. The primary objective is to prepare them to function as auxiliaries or advisors within corporation-type organizations.
EMAATFA is responsible for instructing pilots in various operational aspects, including activities such as training, night flights, reconnaissance of the area, and air-to-ground firing practices involving machine guns, bombs, and rockets. Plans are underway to relocate EMAATFA to the Zapopan Air Force Base. Additionally, an air squadron based in Santa Gertrudis will be established to handle support activities in the region.

## Accidents and incidents

* On November 25, 1983, a Mexican Air Force aircraft, a Northrop F-5E Tiger II with registration 4002, crashed during a bombing and attack on land-targets training exercise at the Santa Gertrudis Air Base, killing its pilot and causing irreparable damage to the aircraft.
# Nekrasovo, Ozyorsky District

Nekrasovo (Russian: Некрасово; Polish: Karpowo Wielkie; Lithuanian: Didžioji Karpava) is a rural locality in Ozyorsky District of Kaliningrad Oblast, Russia, near the border with Poland. It has a population of 76 (2010 Census);
The village was founded by Polish people as Karpowo.
# Bisqafizan

Bisqafizan (Persian: بيسقفيزن, also Romanized as Bīsqafīzan) is a village in Pain Velayat Rural District, in the Central District of Torbat-e Heydarieh County, Razavi Khorasan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 389, in 112 families.
# The Diary of an Old Man

The Diary of an Old Man (French: Le Journal d’un vieil homme) is a 2015 drama film directed by Bernard Émond. It is based on the Anton Chekhov short story "A Dreary Story" (alternatively titled in English "A Boring Story" or "A Dull Story").
The film was shot at the Université de Montréal Faculty of Medicine and elsewhere in Greater Montreal over 27 days in February, April, and May 2014.
The film premiered at the inaugural Berlin Critics' Week (a series of screenings, organized by the German Film Critics Association, running parallel to the Berlin Film Festival).
The film received one Jutra nomination, for lead actor Paul Savoie. Savoie won the award for Best Performance in a Borsos Competition Film at the Whistler Film Festival.
# Whitehall Accord

The Whitehall Accord (French: Traité de Whitehall) was agreed on 19 February 1793 by Henry Dundas and signed on 25 February 1793. It was an agreement between the Kingdom of Great Britain and French counter-revolutionary colonists from the French possessions of Saint-Domingue, Martinique and Guadeloupe. The treaty allowed them to maintain ownership of their slaves and properties (slavery was later abolished by the French government on 4 February 1794), while the British were allowed to occupy Guadeloupe and Martinique to prevent the French Revolutionary forces from occupying the islands. The postwar status of Saint Domingue was left open, while Martinique and Guadeloupe were to be returned to a restored French monarchy.
It was signed by Henry Dundas for the British, and French émigrés and monarchists Pierre Victor, baron Malouet (Saint-Domingue), Louis de Curt (Guadeloupe), Ignace-Joseph-Philippe de Perpigna and Louis-François Dubuc (Martinique).

## Sources

* Henry Lémery, Martinique, terre française, G.P. Maisonneuve, 1962, p. 32.
# Tujidar

Tujidar (Persian: توجيدر, also Romanized as Tūjīdar) is a village in Surak Rural District, Lirdaf District, Jask County, Hormozgan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 42, in 11 families.
# McKenzie Lake (Timiskaming District)

McKenzie Lake (French: lac McKenzie) is a lake in geographic Speight Township in the Unorganized West Part of Timiskaming District in Northeastern Ontario, Canada. It is part of the Saint Lawrence River drainage basin, and is about 20 kilometres (12 mi) southwest of the community of Kenabeek.
The lake has two unnamed inflows: one at the south, arriving from Harebell Lake, and one at the west. The primary outflow is an unnamed creek at the north which flows via Spray Creek, Spring Creek, the Montreal River and the Ottawa River to the Saint Lawrence River.
# Sanxing railway station

Sanxing railway station is a railway station located in Chuanshan District, Suining, Sichuan, People's Republic of China, on the Suiyu railway which is operated by China Railway Corporation.

## History

It was opened in 2006. It originally served passengers but it is now only used for freight.

## Nearby station

* This article about a railway station in Sichuan is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
# Steve Offer

Steven Offer (born November 4, 1949) is a former politician in Ontario, Canada. He was a Liberal member of the Legislative Assembly of Ontario from 1985 to 1995 who represented the riding of Mississauga North. He served as a cabinet minister in the government of David Peterson.

## Background

Offer has a Bachelor of Arts degree from York University, and a law degree from Osgoode Hall.

## Politics

He was elected to the Ontario legislature in the 1985 provincial election, defeating incumbent Progressive Conservative Terry Jones by 1,424 votes in Mississauga North. The Liberal party formed a minority government after the election, and Offer served as parliamentary assistant to the Minister of Consumer and Commercial Relations from June 26, 1985 to September 1987.
Offer was easily re-elected in the 1987 provincial election, in which the Liberal party won a landslide majority. He continued serving as a parliamentary assistant until August 2, 1989, when he was promoted to cabinet as Solicitor General.
In 1990, Offer was challenged for the Liberal nomination in Mississauga North by a representative of the local Sikh community, who claimed that the Peterson government was insufficiently responsive to the concerns of minorities. He won the challenge, and was narrowly re-elected in the 1990 provincial election, defeating New Democratic Party candidate John Foster by 1,442 votes. The Liberals lost the provincial election to the NDP, and Offer moved to the opposition benches. In opposition, he served as his party's critic for Labour and Environment.
The Progressive Conservatives won a majority government in the 1995 provincial election, and Offer lost to Tory candidate John Snobelen by over 4,000 votes.
After politics, Offer continued with a number of charitable causes. He is currently the Senior Vice President (Sales, Business Development and Government Relations) with FNF Canada. which is a division of Fidelity National Financial .

### Cabinet posts

Ontario provincial government of David Peterson :
| Cabinet post (1) |||
| Predecessor | Office | Successor |
| Ian Scott | Solicitor General 1989-1990 | Mike Farnan |
# Kapari (village)

Kapari (Persian: كپري, also Romanized as Kaparī) is a village in Jazmurian Rural District, Jazmurian District, Rudbar-e Jonubi County, Kerman Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 615, in 113 families.
# Central Bank of Barbados

The Central Bank of Barbados (CBB) is the national monetary authority and central bank responsible for providing advice to the Government of Barbados on banking and other financial and monetary matters. The Central Bank of Barbados, was established by Act of parliament on 2 May 1972. Prior to the establishment of CBB, Barbados' monetary policies were governed through its membership in the Eastern Caribbean Currency Authority (ECCA). The Central Bank operates as the banknote issuing authority for Barbadian currency.
The name of the Central Bank's building is the Tom Adams Financial Centre, which is a ten-storey building located on Spry Street in Bridgetown. As part of the complex, there is a 491-seat theatre/auditorium known as the Frank Collymore Hall. The building was constructed between 1982 and 1986 and it was opened September 18, 1986.
The Global Competitiveness Report for 2008–09 ranked the soundness of Barbados's commercial banks as 21st out of 134 global jurisdictions assessed.

## Role

At its inception the Central Bank of Barbados had certain objectives.
These were:
* Promoting monetary stability
* Promoting a sound financial structure
* Fostering development of the money and capital markets
* Channelling commercial bank credit into productive activities
* Fostering credit and exchange conditions conducive to the orderly and sustained economic development of Barbados.
Today the regulatory capacity of the central bank handles the issuance of Barbadian banknotes and coins, and licensing of agencies such as: banks, investment businesses, depository trust and finance companies. It also undertakes supervision of Barbadian financial institutions, credit worthiness of the financial system, administering of the international reserves, and reporting regularly to the country on the national finances.
The Barbadian economy is reviewed regularly by several notable Wall Street investment firms including: PricewaterhouseCoopers, Standard & Poor's, and Moody's.

## Organisation

The head of the Central Bank is the Governor, who is appointed by the Minister of Finance.
The current Governor of the Central Bank of Barbados is Dr. Kevin Greenidge as of March 1, 2023.
The Bank also has three Deputy Governors in the persons of Mr. Alwyn Jordan, Ms. Michelle Doyle and Mr. Elson Gaskin.

### Past Governors of the Central Bank of Barbados

* Sir Courtney Blackman (founding Governor, June 1972 – March 1987)
* Dr. Kurleigh King (September 1987 – September 1992)
* Mr. Calvin Springer (September 1992 – September 1997)
* Mr. Winston Cox (September 1997 – April 1999)
* Dr. Marion Vernese Williams (April 1999 – November 2009)
* Dr. DeLisle Worrell (November 2009 – March 2017)
* Mr. Cleviston Haynes (January 2018 - January 2023 - previously Acting March 2017-December 2017)

## Awards of the CBB

* The Frank Collymore Literary Endowment
# Shabanovo

Shabanovo (Russian: Шабаново) is a rural locality (a village) in Kupreyevskoye Rural Settlement, Gus-Khrustalny District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 154 as of 2010.

## Geography

Shabanovo is located 62 km southeast of Gus-Khrustalny (the district's administrative centre) by road. Tashchilovo is the nearest rural locality.