OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Neustadt Dam

The Neustadt Dam, also known as the Nordhausen Dam (German: Talsperre Neustadt or Nordhäuser Talsperre), is the oldest dam in the Free State of Thuringia in Germany. It supplies drinking water to the town of Nordhausen. The dam is a curved gravity dam made of rubble stone, based on the Intze Principle. The dam was built in 1904–1905, in the southern Harz mountains, and it was raised by a further 6.26 metres in 1922–1923. The impounded stream is the Krebsbach. The operator of the dam is the Thüringer Fernwasserversorgung; the water is supplied to the Wasserverband Nordhausen (Nordhausen Water Association).
Swimming and water sports are not permitted on the lake, but there is a public path around the lakeshore.
The dam was refurbished between 1997 and 2001. It was reinforced, waterproofed on the upstream side with asphaltic concrete, and given an inspection walkway and an impervious blanket.
On the western side of the valley is a checkpoint (no. 218) in the Harzer Wandernadel hiking system.
# Carlo Fidani

Carlo Fidani OOnt is a Canadian businessman and philanthropist from Toronto, Ontario. He is chairman of the Orlando Corporation, a Mississauga-based real estate company with interests in construction and development, and property leasing and management. Fidani is also president of the Carlo Fidani Foundation.

## Family and career

In 1948, Fidani's grandfather, who was also known as Carlo Fidani, founded Fidani and Sons, which is now known as the Orlando Corporation. The company was eventually transferred to Orey Fidani, Fidani's father, who expanded the business.
In 2000, following the death of his father, Fidani became Chairman of Orlando Corp.
Fidani has a son who is also named Orey Fidani. He is a racing driver currently competing in the IMSA SportsCar Championship.

## Community involvement

In 2010, Fidani made a $10 million donation to the University of Toronto's Faculty of Medicine to assist with Ontario's chronic shortage of family physicians. His donation inspired broad support from the community, including an additional $12 million donation from Terrence Donnelly. This allowed the university to lay the foundation for the Mississauga Academy of Medicine. The new academy first welcomed medical students in August 2011 and adds 54 MDs to Ontario with each graduating class.
In 2016, Fidani by way of the Orlando Corp., launched a gift-matching initiative that will see it donate up to $15 million to William Osler Health System's three hospital sites in the Toronto area.
# Jonathan Hampton

Jonathan Hampton (1712 - 1 November 1777) was an American colonial surveyor, merchant, and militia officer involved with New Jersey's frontier fortifications and defenses along the Delaware River during the French and Indian War (1755-1763).
In 1755, the Royal Governor Jonathan Belcher and the colonial legislature authorized the construction of stone blockhouse fortifications along the colony's Delaware River frontier to thwart violent incursions by disaffected Native Americans and their French allies as hostilities led to the French and Indian War. These incursions and other hostilities were a continuation of a European conflict between France and England called the Seven Years' War. The act authorizing these fortifications also appointed Jonathan Hampton as the victualler and paymaster of a military unit, the New Jersey Frontier Guard, to man these forts. To supply these troops, Hampton built the Military Road linking the provincial capital at Elizabethtown (now Elizabeth) with Morristown and the Delaware River valley (then called the Minisink) in 1756-1757. This road followed Native American trails and became the route of subsequent roads, including the Union Turnpike, and present-day New Jersey Route 10, U.S. Route 206, and County Route 510. The Military Road's western terminus ends at the Old Mine Road, an old road following the Delaware and Neversink River valleys between Esopus (now Kingston) in Ulster County, New York, and the Delaware Water Gap. Hampton established a large headquarters fort, Fort Johns, on the hillside overlooking the "Shapanack Flats" section of the Delaware valley near the Van Campen's Inn in Walpack Township.
Hampton owned many large tracts of land in Sussex County's Paulins Kill valley. Shortly after the creation of the county, Hampton offered several acres from these tracts to the county for the building of a courthouse (built 1762-1765) and a public green. Nearby, he offered tracts for a proposed school, and to the Anglican church for a church and parsonage for the local rector.
Hampton was a freemason, however, he is often incorrectly conflated with the Jonathan Hampton of New York City that donated the altar bible, now known as the George Washington Inaugural Bible, to St. John's Lodge No. 1 after a fire in 1770. Hampton was part of a group of petitioners to the Grand Lodge of Massachusetts in 1762 who had applied to form a lodge at Elizabethtown, New Jersey. This petition was granted on January 24, 1762 with the lodge becoming Temple Lodge No. 1.
Hampton died 1 November 1777 in Elizabethtown, New Jersey allegedly while celebrating news of the surrender of Burgoyne at Saratoga two weeks earlier.
The Sussex County municipality of Hampton Township was named in his honor.
# Patrick Nagel (footballer)

Patrick Nagel (born 6 August 1990) is a German footballer who plays as a defender for PSV Union Neumünster.
# Horná Breznica

Horná Breznica (Hungarian: Felsőnyíresd) is a village and municipality in Púchov District in the Trenčín Region of north-western Slovakia.

## History

In historical records, the village was first mentioned in 1388.

## Geography

The municipality lies at an altitude of 297 metres (974 ft) and covers an area of 12.276 km² (4.74 mi²). It has a population of about 455 people.

## Genealogical resources

The records for genealogical research are available at the state archive "Statny Archiv in Bytca, Slovakia"
* Roman Catholic church records (births/marriages/deaths): 1714-1896 (parish B)
# Charlier (lunar crater)

Charlier is a lunar impact crater located on the far side of the Moon. To its south-southeast lies the larger crater Kovalevskaya, while Perrine is situated to the northeast.
This crater shows significant erosion, with a damaged outer rim. The most intact section of the rim is in the northeast quadrant, while the southern and western rims have been worn down and partly covered by smaller craters. The western rim, in particular, is overlaid by a merged cluster of multiple small impacts.
The crater's interior floor has also been affected by numerous impacts, with several small craters scattered across its surface, some of which overlap previous impacts. However, two patches of the interior remain relatively undisturbed by notable impacts—one near the northern part of the floor and another in the southwestern region.

## Satellite craters

By convention these features are identified on lunar maps by placing the letter on the side of the crater midpoint that is closest to Charlier.
| Charlier | Latitude | Longitude | Diameter |
| Z | 39.7° N | 131.6° W | 46 km |
# Shuryab

Shuryab (Persian: شورياب, also Romanized as Shūryāb and Shūrāb) is a village in Taghenkoh-e Jonubi Rural District, Taghenkoh District, Firuzeh County, Razavi Khorasan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 512, in 136 families.
# James Bray (baseball)

James Howard Bray (December 12, 1898 – July, 1931) was an American Negro league catcher in the 1920s and 1930s.
A native of Troy, Alabama, Bray made his Negro leagues debut with the Chicago American Giants in 1925. He spent several seasons with the team, and played on Chicago's 1927 Colored World Series championship squad. Bray died in 1931 at age 32 as a result of a fight with teammate John Hines.
# Roumégoux, Cantal

Roumégoux (French pronunciation:; Occitan: Romegós) is a commune in the Cantal department in south-central France.
# Zanus Rastaq Rural District

Zanus Rastaq Rural District (Persian: دهستان زانوس رستاق) is in Kojur District of Nowshahr County, Mazandaran province, Iran. It is administered from the city of Pul.

## Demographics
### Population

At the time of the 2006 National Census, the rural district's population was 4,915 in 1,526 households. There were 6,354 inhabitants in 2,130 households at the following census of 2011. The 2016 census measured the population of the rural district as 6,982 in 2,476 households. The most populous of its 26 villages was Kandolus, with 1,092 people.
# R756 road (Ireland)

The R756 road is a regional road in Ireland running west–east from Dunlavin to Laragh. Its entire 32 km (20 mi) length is within County Wicklow crossing east–west through the Wicklow Gap (Irish: Bearna Chill Mhantáin).

## Route

From Dunlavin it heads northeast, intersecting the N81 national secondary road near the village of Hollywood. It then heads southeast, rising through the West Wicklow Mountains to the Wicklow Gap, the highest point on the road at 470m, before descending through the Glandasan Valley. In this valley it passes through old mine-works to its junction with the R757 in the outskirts of Glendalough and continues for a further 2 km to Laragh, where it terminates at a junction with the R755 and the Military Road.
The 26 km (16 mi) section from Hollywood to Laragh is known as the Wicklow Gap Road (Irish: Bóthar Bhearna Chill Mhantáin) and it is one of only two routes crossing the Wicklow Mountains from east to west, the other being the road through the Sally Gap (Irish: Bearnas na Diallaite, meaning 'Gap of the Saddle') in North Wicklow. The road through the Wicklow Gap is both an important regional route and a very popular tourist route as it travels through some spectacular scenery.
The Wicklow Gap, between Tonelagee Mountain and Camaderry Mountain is where the entrance to Turlough Hill electricity 'storage' hydro-plant it situated. During periods of off-peak electricity demand, water is pumped up from Lough Nathanagan, a corrie lake at the foot of Turlough Hill to an artificial reservoir at the top; when electricity demand is high, the water falls back through turbines inside the mountain to produce hydro-electric power for the national grid.
On a clear day from the summit of the Wicklow Gap (at Turlough Hill carpark) it is possible to look eastwards across the Irish Sea and view the mountains of Snowdonia in Wales.

## Gallery

* The Wicklow Gap
* Roadside rocks and heather on hills scenery at the Wicklow Gap
* R756 between Wicklow Gap and Hollywood
* The bridge over the King's River
# Kazansky Bridge

Kazansky Bridge (Russian: Каза́нский мост) is a bridge across Griboyedov Canal in Saint Petersburg, Russia. From 1766 to 1830, it had the name Rozhdestvensky Bridge (Рождественский мост) and from 1923 to 1944—Plekhanov Bridge (мост Плеханова). It is located near the Kazan Cathedral (hence the name). The bridge's length is 18.8 metres (62 ft), and the width is 95.5 metres (313 ft). It is second-widest bridge in St. Petersburg after the Blue Bridge, the lowest bridge in the city and therefore also the only bridge where sailing underneath it is prohibited.
The bridge was built in 1765–1766 in place of previously existed wooden Rozhdenstvensky Bridge (since 1716) which was demolished during granite embankment of Griboyedov Canal.
Bridges of the Griboyedov Canal :
Upstream Italian Bridge
Kazansky Bridge
Downstream Bank Bridge :
# Shakhuva

Shakhuva (Russian: Шахува; Lak: Шахьуйми) is a rural locality (a selo) in Kundynsky Selsoviet, Laksky District, Republic of Dagestan, Russia. The population was 44 as of 2010. There are 7 streets.

## Geography

Shakhuva is located 12 km northeast of Kumukh (the district's administrative centre) by road, on the right bank of the Kazikumukshkoye Koysu. Kundy and Kuma are the nearest rural localities.

## Nationalities

Laks live there.

## Famous residents

Mariyan Dandamayeva (performer of Lak folk songs, People's Artist of the Dagestan ASSR)
# Sangar, Republic of Dagestan

Sangar (Russian: Сангар) is a rural locality (a selo) in Kamakhalsky Selsoviet, Laksky District, Republic of Dagestan, Russia. The population was 203 as of 2010.

## Nationalities

Laks live there.
# Kurla, Republic of Dagestan

Kurla (Russian: Курла; Lak: Къурул) is a rural locality (a selo) in Khuninsky Selsoviet, Laksky District, Republic of Dagestan, Russia. The population was 79 as of 2010.

## Geography

Kurla is located 15 km northeast of Kumukh (the district's administrative centre) by road. Shuni and Turtsi are the nearest rural localities.

## Nationalities

Laks live there.
# Adedoyin

Adédoyin audiois a unisex first name and surname of Yoruba origin. As a native name of the Yoruba culture in West Africa, its meaning is "the crown or royalty has become sweet (like honey)".

## Notable people with the name include

* Adegboyega Folaranmi Adedoyin (1922–2014), Nigerian-British high jumper and long jumper
* Francis Adedoyin (1922–2018), Nigerian traditional ruler
* Korede Adedoyin (born 2000), Nigerian professional footballer
* Olufunke Adedoyin (1962–2018), Nigerian politician
* Rahmon Adedoyin (born 1957), Nigerian educationist and businessman
* William Adedoyin (died 1952), Nigerian traditional ruler
* Adedoyin Salami (born 1963), Nigerian economist
* Adedoyin Sanni (born 1995), Nigerian footballer
# Osokorskaya

Osokorskaya (Russian: Осокорская) is a rural locality (a village) in Cheryomushskoye Rural Settlement of Kotlassky District, Arkhangelsk Oblast, Russia. The population was 37 as of 2010. There is 1 street.

## Geography

Osokorskaya is located 16 km south of Kotlas (the district's administrative centre) by road. Peschanitsa is the nearest rural locality.
# Al-Arishah Subdistrict

Al-Arishah Subdistrict (Arabic: ناحية العريشة) is a subdistrict of al-Hasakah District in southern al-Hasakah Governorate, northeastern Syria. The Administrative centre is the town of al-Arishah. At the 2004 census, the subdistrict had a population of 30,544.
# Jaro International

Jaro was a charter airline based at Aurel Vlaicu International Airport in Bucharest, Romania. It operated from 1991 to 2001, when it was liquidated by bankruptcy.

## History

Jaro started operations in 1991 at Aurel Vlaicu International Airport, Bucharest's second airport, with one Boeing 707. In the same year, Jaro International started services to JFK International Airport, being the first Romanian airline apart from TAROM to fly over the Atlantic. In July 1997, the airline introduced weekly flights between Aurel Vlaicu and Montreal-Mirabel International Airport and Aurel Vlaicu and Toronto Pearson International Airport, where they stayed until 2000. These routes were abandoned because of the high competition from Tarom which was operating at Dorval and Pearson. In September 2001, the airline declared bankruptcy and made its last long haul flight and its last one from New York City.

## Services

In July 1997, Jaro was flying to three intercontinental and 17 European destinations:
North America: Montreal, New York City and Toronto
Europe: Bucharest, Düsseldorf, Vienna, Frankfurt, Girona, Hanover, London, Ostend (cargo only), Hamburg, Skopje, Palma de Mallorca, Berlin, Malta, Cologne, Southend (cargo only), Stockholm

## Fleet

(at July 2000)
* 3 Boeing 707 (one cargo)
* 2 BAC 1-11
* 1 Yakovlev Yak-42
* 2 Boeing 787-8 (Orders)
# Kollektivizator

Kollektivizator (Russian: Коллективизатор) is a rural locality (a selo) in Kraynovsky Selsoviet, Kizlyarsky District, Republic of Dagestan, Russia. The population was 364 as of 2010. There are 3 streets.

## Geography

Kollektivizator is located 64 km northeast of Kizlyar (the district's administrative centre) by road. Kraynovka and Imeni Magomeda Gadzhiyeva are the nearest rural localities.

## Nationalities

Avars, Russians and Dargins live there.
# Gruzinskoye

Gruzinskoye (Russian: Грузинское) is a rural locality (a selo) in Novoserebryakovsky Selsoviet, Kizlyarsky District, Republic of Dagestan, Russia. The population was 193 as of 2010. There are 2 streets.

## Geography

Gruzinskoye is located 34 km northeast of Kizlyar (the district's administrative centre) by road. Novaya Serebryakovka and Chernyayevka are the nearest rural localities.

## Nationalities

Dargins and Kumyks live there.
# Gonjan

Gonjan (Persian: گنجان, also Romanized as Gonjān and Ganjān) is a village in Siyah Banuiyeh Rural District, in the Central District of Rabor County, Kerman Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 1,428, in 360 families.
# Kulzeb

Kulzeb (Russian: Кульзеб; Avar: КІулзеб) is a rural locality (a selo) in Kizilyurtovsky District, Republic of Dagestan, Russia. The population was 2,028 as of 2010. There are 19 streets.

## Geography

Kulzeb is located 17 km northwest of Kizilyurt (the district's administrative centre) by road. Novaya Chirkey and Stalskoye are the nearest rural localities.

## Nationalities

AVars, Laks, Dargins and Kumyks live there.
# Modern Pentathlon Federation of Kazakhstan

The Modern Pentathlon Federation of Kazakhstan (MPFK; Kazakh: Қазақстандық қазіргі бессайыс федерациясы, Qazaqstandyq qazirgi bessaıys federatsııasy; Russian: Казахстанская федерация современного пятиборья) is the governing body for the sport of modern pentathlon in Kazakhstan.
# Yuryevka, Kyrgyzstan

Yuryevka (Russian: Юрьевка) is a village in the Ysyk-Ata District of Chüy Region of Kyrgyzstan located on the right bank of Ysyk-Ata. The village officially recognised in 1909. Its population was 4,205 in 2021.
Yuryevka is known for its significant German population, constituting just under 10% of the village's residents. Many of these Germans settled in areas around Yuryevka during the reign of Catherine the Great, Queen of the Russian Empire from 1762 to 1796, who introduced reforms encouraging the migration of Germans to Russia, to farm arable lands along the Volga and Chu rivers. Many of these Germans, however, were displaced during the First and Second World Wars, leading to the ethnic cleansing of the Germans living in Yuryevka.
A popular Youtube video was posted on the 8 of September, 2016, titled "Kyrgyzstan's Germans: Ethnic minority fading away in central Asia state"
# Rozhysk

Rozhysk (Ukrainian: Рожиськ) is a village in Pidvolochysk settlement hromada, Ternopil Raion, Ternopil Oblast, Ukraine.

## History

The first written mention of the village was in 1457.
After the liquidation of the Pidvolochysk Raion on 19 July 2020, the village became part of the Ternopil Raion.

## Religion

* St. Michael church (1882, brick).
# Vorpahl

Vorpahl (from German: vor "before", "in front of" plus Pfahl "pole", "pale") is a Low German dwelling/habitational surname for a person who lived at a boundary marker (Grenzpfahl: "boundary post"). Notable people with the name include:
* Chris Vorpahl (born 1990), retired Chilean female volleyball player
* Kurt Vorpahl [de] (1905–1944), German communist resistance fighter against Nazism
* Mildred Vorpahl Baass (1917–2012), American poet
* Nicole Vorpahl (born 1994), Chilean volleyball player
# Lishcha

Lishcha (Russian: Лища; Kaitag: Леххьа) is a rural locality (a selo) in Dzhirabachinsky Selsoviet, Kaytagsky District, Republic of Dagestan, Russia. The population was 110 as of 2010. There are 2 streets.

## Geography

Lishcha is located 17 km southwest of Madzhalis (the district's administrative centre) by road. Surgiya and Daknisa are the nearest rural localities.

## Nationalities

Dargins live there.
# Qasemabad, Bakhtegan

Qasemabad (Persian: قاسم اباد) is a village in, and the capital of, Hana Rural District of Hana District, Bakhtegan County, Fars province, Iran. The previous capital of the rural district was the village of Tom Shuli, now a city.

## Demographics
### Population

At the time of the 2006 National Census, the village's population was 643 in 146 households, when it was in the former Abadeh Tashk District of Neyriz County. The following census in 2011 counted 753 people in 200 households. The 2016 census measured the population of the village as 697 people in 211 households.
In 2018, the district was separated from the county in the establishment of Bakhtegan County, and Hana Rural District was transferred to the new Hana District.
# Maurice Pluntke

Maurice Pluntke (born 23 January 1994) is a German footballer who plays for as a centre-back or defensive midfielder for Holzheimer SG.

## Career

Pluntke began his career at SC Rheindahlen and joined the youth team at Borussia Mönchengladbach in 2002. He went through all youth teams and promoted to the reserve team for the 2013–14 season. On 17 May 2014, he made his debut in a 2–2 draw against Sportfreunde Lotte in Regionalliga West.
Pluntke moved to Fortuna Düsseldorf for the 2014–15 season, whose second team also played in the Regionalliga West. On 25 April 2015, he was in the first team's squad for the first time in a league game against 1860 Munich. On 8 May 2015, he made his debut in the 2–0 defeat in a home game against VfR Aalen in the 2. Bundesliga.
In mid-January 2016, Pluntke terminated his contract in Düsseldorf, and joined American third-tier side Orange County SC in Irvine, California in April 2016.
In mid-January 2017 Pluntke returned to Germany and joined the Regionalliga team Alemannia Aachen. For the 2018–19 season he moved to FSV Wacker 90 Nordhausen. Pluntke joined Kickers Offenbach in January 2020, signing a deal until June 2021.
# Hisham Al-Masri

Hisham Al-Masri (Arabic: هشام المصري; born 27 February 1973) is a Syrian former swimmer who competed in the 1992 Summer Olympics and in the 1996 Summer Olympics.
# Simcha Soroker

Simcha Soroker (Hebrew: שמחה סורוקר; 1928–2004) was an Israeli economist.

## Biography

Soroker was born in Jerusalem and raised in Rehovot and Tel Aviv. He fought in the 1947–1949 Palestine war and later studied economics at the hebrew University of Jerusalem, while also serving as treasurer of the student union and commencing work at the Ministry of Finance.
From the age of 29, in the years 1958-1964 Soroker headed the budget directorate. From 1964 to 1968 he was the economic secretary at the Israeli embassy in London.
Soroker was general director of the Ministry of Communications from 1968 to 1976 under ministers Yisrael Yeshayahu, Elimelekh Rimalt, Shimon Peres and Aharon Uzan. Upon leaving the civil service he was appointed as general director of Union Bank of Israel.
Soroker died in 2004.
# Bazhluk

Bazhluk (Russian: Бажлук; Kaitag: Баӏжулей; Dargwa: Бяжлуки) is a rural locality (a selo) in Varsitsky Selsoviet, Kaytagsky District, Republic of Dagestan, Russia. The population was 39 as of 2010.

## Geography

Bazhluk is located 28 km southwest of Madzhalis (the district's administrative centre) by road. Varsit, Shilyagi and Duregi are the nearest rural localities.
# Rudolf Sivers

Rudolf Ferdinandovich Sivers (Russian: Рудольф Фердинандович Сиверс; 1892–1918) was a Russian revolutionary and military leader.
Sivers was born in Saint Petersburg on 23 November 1892.
A veteran of World War I, after the February Revolution he joined Bolshevik party and became a chief editor of "Entrenched Truth" newspaper in the 12th Army. At the end of July 1917 he was arrested by the Russian Provisional Government for defeatism, but was released during the October Revolution.
At the start of the Russian Civil War, Sivers led Red Guards and sailors in the battle at Pulkovo against forces of Krasnov–Kerensky. Soon thereafter in November 1917 along with his troops he was dispatched to Ukraine and the South Russia (Don River region). On 23 February 1918 Sivers' forces occupied Rostov-na-Donu and then Taganrog. In March – April 1918 Sivers was put in charge of the 2nd Special Army (originally the 5th Army) and fought against the advancing forces of Central Powers near Kharkiv and Kupyansk despite the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk. The army was eventually merged with the Voronezh Detachment.
Since summer of 1918 Sivers fought at the Russian Southern Front commanded the 1st Special Ukrainian Brigade as part of the 9th Army against the forces of Pyotr Krasnov. On 15 November 1918 he was mortally wounded in battle near Zhelnovka (today – Zhelunovo, Karachevsky District) and died on 8 December 1918. Sivers was buried at the Monument to the Fighters of the Revolution on the Field of Mars in Saint Petersburg.