OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Kretzoiarctos

Kretzoiarctos is an extinct bear genus from the European Miocene. It consists of Kretzoiarctos beatrix, an ancestor of the extant giant panda.

## Description

Kretzoiarctos beatrix was originally described in 2011 as Agriarctos beatrix, before being reclassified into a new genus. The scientific name commemorates the Hungarian geologist and paleontologist Miklós Kretzoi.
Kretzoiarctos beatrix are panda-like creatures and are an ancestral group of the Ailuropodinae subfamily according to fossil records from the middle Miocene of Spain. Based on tooth structure, researchers have speculated that this species may have been a small herbivorous animal that ate very hard plants. The giant panda (Ailuropoda melanoleuca) has a special craniodental structure that serves as a durophagous feeding adaptation for bamboo, and a similar tooth structure was also found in K. beatrix, indicating that this species may be the oldest relative of the giant panda and might have resembled it in appearance.

## Diet and feeding adaptation

Unlike most of the Ursoidea species, K. beatrix had strong distal cusps on the premolars and a relatively forward-positioned metaconid. In addition, K. beatrix had a more strongly developed sectorial blade in the trigonid, and relatively shorter second molar talonid. These traits indicate a need for pronounced chewing and grinding, and suggest that these enhanced molars and premolars were evolved to more efficiently break down hard plant tissues. The fossil records for these teeth structure suggest that the early development of the distal and mesial cusps on the premolars of K. beatrix may indicate an evolutionary trend towards more complex premolars for the plant-feeding Ursoidea species, and may explain why extant giant pandas have very complex molars.

## Extinction

A hypothetical explanation for the extinction of K. beatrix is based on climate and environmental changes. In the early Turolian, high precipitation and humid environments in Western Europe favored smaller plant-feeding animals like the Kretzoiarctos species. However, severe climate changes during the late Miocene led to widespread extinctions. A crucial event in this period is the Messinian salinity crisis, a huge decrease in the Mediterranean Sea level due to evaporation and desiccation. This has been put forward as a possible cause for the significant decline in Ursidae species diversity in the late Miocene, including the species of the genus Kretzoiarctos.
# Alfaraz de Sayago

Alfaraz de Sayago is a municipality located in the province of Zamora, Castile and León, Spain. According to the 2004 census (INE), the municipality has a population of 194 inhabitants.
# Amirabad, Torbat-e Heydarieh

Amirabad (Persian: اميراباد, also Romanized as Amīrābād; also known as Deh Now) is a village in Pain Velayat Rural District, in the Central District of Torbat-e Heydarieh County, Razavi Khorasan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 141, in 43 families.
# Stanley Kao

Stanley Kao (Chinese: 高碩泰; pinyin: Gāo Shuòtài; born 16 May 1953) is a Taiwanese diplomat. He was Taiwan's representative to the United States from 2016 to 2020.

## Early life and education

Born 16 May 1953 in Taipei, Kao obtained his bachelor's degree in political science from National Taiwan University in 1975 and master's degree in international law and diplomacy from National Chengchi University (NCCU) in 1980.

## Diplomatic career

After graduating from NCCU, Kao began working for the Ministry of Foreign Affairs (MOFA) in 1980. He was sent to the Taipei Economic and Cultural Representative Office (TECRO) in Honolulu, Hawaii, and later assigned to TECRO in Atlanta, Georgia in 1993. Kao then became an adviser to TECRO in Malaysia. From 1996 to 1997, he was a fellow at Harvard University's Center for International Affairs. By 2000, Kao had become the deputy director general of MOFA's North American affairs department. He was promoted to director general of that division some time the next year. In 2002, he was appointed deputy representative of the Republic of China to the World Trade Organization. Kao then served as the deputy representative to the United States, beginning in 2004. He was named representative to Hungary in November 2007, and took office on 1 February 2008. After his stint in Hungary, Kao was named the Director General for Economic Affairs and International Cooperation in 2010. Kao was appointed the ROC representative to Italy in 2013. On 23 May 2016, he was appointed as the ROC representative to the United States. Kao made his first official trip to the United States on 5 June, prior to a swearing-in ceremony held on 2 August. Kao was replaced in June 2020, when the Tsai Ing-wen presidential administration named Hsiao Bi-khim to the post.

## Personal life

Kao is married to Sherry Sung, with whom he has one daughter.

## Honors

* 2024 Order of Brilliant Star with Grand Cordon
# Duvdevani and Kovach

Duvdevani and Kovach (Hebrew: דובדבני וקובץ') is an Israeli comedy which made by Keshet Broadcasting starring by Lior Duvdevani and Ilan Kovach. The program originally premiered on 2011, on Bip channel and then aired on Channel 2 on Fridays.

## Plot

Lior Duvdevani and Ilan Kovach (Playing themselves) are two 30-years old unsuccessful singles who live together in a rented apartment in Tel Aviv and work at the ice cream parlor. On the second season they started working as security guards in the Big brother house purposely to participate the program.
# Manzar, Torbat-e Heydarieh

Manzar (Persian: منظر) is a village in Bala Velayat Rural District of the Central District of Torbat-e Heydarieh County, Razavi Khorasan province, Iran.

## Demographics
### Population

At the time of the 2006 National Census, the village's population was 2,120 in 614 households. The following census in 2011 counted 2,519 people in 828 households. The 2016 census measured the population of the village as 3,111 people in 952 households. It was the most populous village in its rural district.
# Camilla Granlien

Camilla Granlien (born 1974) is a Norwegian folk singer, stev performer and educator.
She was born in Elverum, and has studied music at the Voss Folk High School, the Ole Bull Academy, and the Telemark University College. She has worked as song teacher at the Norwegian Academy of Music, and at secondary schools in Vinstra and Gjøvik. She has participated in various musical groups, and made her solo album debut in 2005 with the album Begjær. Her album Jarnnetter from 2008 is based on lyrics by poets Tor Jonsson and Olav Aukrust, with a mixture of traditional melodies and music composed by Granlien. In 2011 she published the album Aftenstemning, a collaboration with jazz saxophonist Kristin Sevaldsen, with lyrics by Bjørnstjerne Bjørnson, including songs such as "Treet", "O visste du bare" and "Dulgt kjærlighet". In 2013 she participated on the album Songs by Geirr Tveitt, along with other artists.
Granlien won first prize in the vocal folk music class in the musical contest Landskappleiken [nn] in 2006, 2007 and 2008.
# Pervomaysky, Kovrovsky District, Vladimir Oblast

Pervomaysky (Russian: Первомайский) is a rural locality (a settlement) in Novoselskoye Rural Settlement, Kovrovsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 1,341 as of 2010. There are 2 streets.

## Geography

Pervomaysky is located 8 km south of Kovrov (the district's administrative centre) by road. Melekhovo is the nearest rural locality.
# Erich Böhlke

Erich Böhlke (9 September 1895 – 19 April 1979) was a German conductor and composer.

## Life

Böhlke was born as the son of an art dealer in Szczecin. Already as a child and teenager he made his mark musically. So from 1909, he directed the Stettin male choral society Melodia. Böhlke first prepared himself for the profession of a teacher by attending the Präparandenanstalt [de] in Maszewo and then the teachers' seminar in Pölitz. During the First World War he served on the Eastern Front. He passed the 2nd teacher's exam, but then he devoted himself entirely to music.
From 1919 he studied at the Berlin University of the Arts. In 1924 he became bandmaster at the Theater Rudolstadt [de]. Further stations were from 1926 musical director at the Theater Koblenz and from 1929 chief conductor at the Staatstheater Wiesbaden. In 1934, he became general music director and artistic director of the Stadttheater Magdeburg. There he was replaced as artistic director by a party member in 1939, but remained general music director until the war-related closure in 1944.
After the Second World War he was General Music Director of the Staatstheater Oldenburg from 1947 to 1950. From 1950 he worked as a freelance musician. During this time he was, among other things, guest conductor at the Tōkyō Geijutsu Daigaku, where he was awarded the title of honorary professor in 1963.
Böhlke was also active as a composer and composed over 100 songs, among other things. He died in Delmenhorst at the age of 83 and was buried in the family grave at the sterholzer Friedhof [de] in Bremen. (in German)

## Literature

* Gerd Lüpke: Erich Böhlke. Porträt eines pommerschen Musikers. In Pommern. Issue 3/1970, ISSN 0032-4167. Neu abgedruckt in Die Pommersche Zeitung. Nr. 25/2013, pp. 12–13.
* Eckhard Wendt: Stettiner Lebensbilder (Veröffentlichungen der Historische Kommission für Pommern [de]. Series V, vol. 40). Böhlau, Cologne/Weimar/Vienna 2004, ISBN 3-412-09404-8, pp. 86–88.
* Festschrift für Erich Böhlke zum 75. Geburtstag 9. September 1970.
* Werkverzeichnis Erich Böhlke.
* Das heute geltende Pachtrecht.
* Gedarken um Schostakasitsch und seine Zehrte.
# Mahmudabad, Kabudarahang

Mahmudabad (Persian: محموداباد, also Romanized as Maḩmūdābād; also known as Muhammadābād, and Qozīcheh Qozīchī) is a village in Mehraban-e Sofla Rural District, Gol Tappeh District, Kabudarahang County, Hamadan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 130, in 20 families.
# Easton, Adams County, Wisconsin

Easton is a town in Adams County in the U.S. state of Wisconsin. The population was 1,062 at the 2020 census, down from 1,130 at the 2010 census. The unincorporated communities of Brookside and White Creek are located in the town.

## Geography

According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 36.1 square miles (93.6 km$^2$), of which 36.1 square miles (93.4 km$^2$) is land and 0.077 square miles (0.2 km$^2$), or 0.26%, is water.

## Demographics

As of the census of 2000, there were 1,194 people, 486 households, and 325 families residing in the town. The population density was 33.1 people per square mile (12.8 people/km$^2$). There were 821 housing units at an average density of 22.7 units per square mile (8.8 units/km$^2$). The racial makeup of the town was 97.57% White, 0.84% African American, 0.17% Native American, 0.17% Asian, 0.25% from other races, and 1.01% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.59% of the population. No Pacific Islanders live in Easton.
There were 486 households, out of which 28.0% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 53.5% were married couples living together, 7.4% had a female householder with no husband present, and 33.1% were non-families. 27.4% of all households were made up of individuals, and 11.9% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.46 and the average family size was three people.
In the town, the population was spread out, with 26.6% under the age of 18, 5.9% from 18 to 24, 25.0% from 25 to 44, 26.3% from 45 to 64, and 16.1% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 39 years. For every 100 females, there were 103.8 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 100.9 males.
The median income for a household in the town was $30,469, and the median income for a family was $35,043. Males had a median income of $32,778 versus $21,667 for females. The per capita income for the town was $15,011. 11.2% of the population and 7.7% of families were below the poverty line. 14% of those under the age of 18 and 8.9% of those 65 and older were living below the poverty line.
# Travaillan

Travaillan (French pronunciation:; Occitan: Travalhan) is a commune in the Vaucluse department in the Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur region in southeastern France.
# Ganga Bhishen Agarwal

Ganga Bhishen Agarwal (1908–1985), also known as Haldiram Ji, was an Indian entrepreneur from Bikaner, Rajasthan. He founded the Haldiram Snacks Food, a leading brand in Indian snack food industry.

## Early life and background

Ganga Bhishen Agarwal was born in Bikaner, Rajasthan. His entrepreneurial journey began at a young age. He started working in his father’s bhujia shop, where he developed a keen interest in the snack food business. In 1937, he established his own small shop in Bikaner, selling traditional Indian sweets and snacks, particularly Bhujiya. His innovative approach to making bhujia, using moth ki dal instead of besan, and his focus on quality quickly made his products popular.

## Career

In the 1980s, Haldiram's opened outlets in Delhi, Nagpur, and Kolkata as part of its expansion into bigger markets. Eventually, the family firm divided into three separate companies, each run by a different Agarwal family branch: Haldiram's Bhujiawala in Kolkata, Haldiram's Prabhuji in Kolkata, and Haldiram's in Nagpur and Delhi. By the 1990s, Haldiram's had made a big name for itself in India and started exporting its goods to other countries. With goods available in more than 80 countries, Haldiram serves snack lovers and the Indian diaspora globally.
# Abdulmajid Dostiev

Abdulmajid Salimovich Dostiev (Tajik: Абдулмаҷид Достиев, Russian: Абдулмаджид Салимович Достиев; born 1946) is a Tajikistan politician and diplomat.

## Early life

Born in Bokhtar District in 1946, Dostiev served in the Soviet Army from 1966 until 1968 before pursuing a career in agriculture. Dostiev worked on a kolkhoz (communal farm) and went on to study entomology at the Agricultural University of Tajikistan, graduating in 1974. In 1977 he became the chief agronomist at the Qurghonteppa Department of Agriculture, and in 1980 he became head of that department.

## Political career

In 1992, as the Soviet Union collapsed, Dostiev joined the Sitodi Melli armed militia of the Popular Front, becoming secretary of the regional executive committee, and in November of that year was appointed to the Tajik Supreme Soviet as first deputy. The next year he founded the People's Party of Tajikistan (now the People's Democratic Party of Tajikistan), serving as chair until 1998.
In 1995 he was elected to the Supreme Assembly (Majlisi Oli), and in 1996 he was appointed deputy chair of the assembly, a position he held for four years. He also served as deputy of the Commission for National Reconciliation in 1997. In 2000, he was elected to the assembly's lower chamber, where he served as deputy parliamentary chair.

## Diplomatic career

In December 2006, he was appointed as the Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary of the Republic of Tajikistan to the Russian Federation and concurrently to Ukraine.

## Post-diplomatic career

In 2021, he proposed to rename Iskanderkul to Kuli Rahmon or Rakhmonkul, after President Emomali Rahmon, in order for "the name of the aggressor and villain, Alexander the Great, will disappear from the map of our beloved homeland".

## Personal life

He speaks Tajik, Russian, and Uzbek. He is married with five children and grandchildren.

## Awards and titles

* Medal "For Distinguished Labour" (1981)
* Honored Worker of Science and Technology of Tajikistan
* Order of Ismoili Somoni
* Order of Dousti
* Order of the Commonwealth
# Birinchi May, Jalal-Abad

Birinchi May (Kyrgyz: Биринчи Май, Russian: Первое Мая, romanized: Pervoye Maya) is a village in Jalal-Abad Region of Kyrgyzstan. It is part of the Bazar-Korgon District. Its population was 5,518 in 2021.
# Allah Bakhsh Mahalleh

Allah Bakhsh Mahalleh (Persian: اله بخش محله, also Romanized as Allāh Bakhsh Maḩalleh; also known as Allāh Bakhsh) is a village in Gil Dulab Rural District, in the Central District of Rezvanshahr County, Gilan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 588, in 146 families.
# Bulukhta

Bulukhta (Russian: Булухта) is a rural locality (a settlement) in Belovsky Selsoviet, Altaysky District, Altai Krai, Russia. The population was 8 as of 2013. There is 1 street.

## Geography

Bulukhta is located 47 km south of Altayskoye (the district's administrative centre) by road. Beloye is the nearest rural locality.
# Deh-e Tah

Deh-e Tah (Persian: ده ته, also Romanized as Deh Teh; also known as Dahtah, Deh Nah, and Dehtā) is a village in Kavir Rural District, Deyhuk District, Tabas County, South Khorasan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 41, in 16 families.
# Schleemer Bach

Schleemer Bach is a river of Hamburg, Germany. It flows into the Bille near Hamburg-Billstedt.
# Ariel Horowitz

Ariel Horowitz (Hebrew: אריאל הורוביץ, born 10 January 1970) is an Israeli singer-songwriter, and the son of the late Naomi Shemer, widely regarded as one of Israel's most important songwriters. He is married to the Israeli singer Tamar Giladi.
He has released six albums: Yallah Bye (1998), Renée (2002), Menase Sefer (2004), Zman Emet (2008), Album 5 (2010), and HaGiborim Sheli (2013).
The song "Yallah Bye" was one of the most played songs on Voice of Israel, an Israeli radio station, in 1998.
In 2023 he published a book, the debut novel The Golem from Prague's concert tour (published by Yediot Books).
# Eretz

Eretz (Hebrew: ארץ) is Hebrew for "land", "country" (with the definite article, HaAretz (Hebrew: הארץ, "the land")
In particular, it may refer to:
* HaAretz HaMuvtahat, the "Promised Land"
* Eretz Israel, the Land of Israel
* Haaretz, originally Hadashot Ha'Aretz "News of the Land", Israeli newspaper
# 1980 TCU Horned Frogs football team

The 1980 TCU Horned Frogs football team represented Texas Christian University (TCU) in the 1980 NCAA Division I-A football season. The Horned Frogs finished the season 1–10 overall and 1–7 in the Southwest Conference. The team was coached by F. A. Dry, in his fourth year as head coach. The Frogs played their home games in Amon G. Carter Stadium, which is located on campus in Fort Worth, Texas.

## Schedule

| Date | Opponent | Site | Result | Attendance |
| September 13 | No. 18 Auburn* | Amon G. Carter StadiumFort Worth, TX | L 7–10 | 22,812 |
| September 20 | at SMU | Texas StadiumIrving, TX (rivalry) | L 14–17 | 39,622 |
| September 27 | at No. 10 Georgia* | Sanford StadiumAthens, GA | L 3–34 | 59,200 |
| October 4 | at No. 14 Arkansas | Razorback StadiumFayetteville, AR | L 7–44 | 42,314 |
| October 11 | Rice | Amon G. Carter StadiumFort Worth, TX | L 24–28 | 15,226 |
| October 18 | Tulsa* | Amon G. Carter StadiumFort Worth, TX | L 17–23 | 12,367 |
| October 25 | No. 11 Baylor | Amon G. Carter StadiumFort Worth, TX (rivalry) | L 6–21 | 22,385 |
| November 1 | at Houston | Houston AstrodomeHouston, TX | L 5–37 | 26,502 |
| November 8 | Texas Tech | Amon G. Carter StadiumFort Worth, TX (rivalry) | W 24–17 | 18,752 |
| November 15 | Texas | Amon G. Carter StadiumFort Worth, TX (rivalry) | L 26–51 | 20,569 |
| November 21 | at Texas A&M | Kyle FieldCollege Station, TX (rivalry) | L 10–13 | 48,362 |
| *Non-conference gameRankings from AP Poll released prior to the game ||||||
# Saphenista endomycha

Saphenista endomycha is a species of moth of the family Tortricidae. It is found in Costa Rica.
# Silicon tombac

Silicon tombac (German: Siliziumtombak) is an alloy made of copper (80%), zinc (16%) and silicon (4%).

## General properties

The silicon content leads to a strengthening of the metal matrix. The appearance is similar to ordinary brass. Silicon tombac has good friction bearing characteristics and is corrosion resistant but is not resistant to ammonia atmosphere. The strength properties are largely retained at application temperatures up to 200 °C. It is a special alloy in terms of the combination of casting process and casting temperature. In most cases, parts made of silicon tombac, are produced through the high pressure die casting process, which is normally specialized on metals with relatively low melting temperatures. But in this case the temperature melting range of silicon tombac is in the area of 950 to 1000 °C, which is relatively high for casting into permanent moulds. The advantage is the productivity of this highly automated casting process. The disadvantage is the temperature stress of the surface of the permanent mould, so that the lifetime of these moulds is limited.

## Comparison to investment cast steel parts

High pressure die cast silicon tombac is often used as an alternative for investment cast steel parts, because the mechanical strength is comparable (500 MPa), but the production process is more efficient. There can be found a break-even-point when comparing both processes, whereas the advantages of high pressure die casting regularly predominate at high unit numbers (for instance greater than 5000 units) to produce. This alloy has outstanding casting properties and good strength properties, which is required for the die casting process. It is often chosen for small to medium size parts in terms of casting metal volume. For large parts often investment casting of steels is applied because of the lower material cost.

## Metallurgical aspects

The silicon content limits the solubility of zinc in copper in the α-phase. In the given alloy the maximum amount of silicon at a very high zinc content is added. The consequence is that the α-phase crystallized silicon supersaturated when it comes to high cooling rates of the alloy. As a result the α-solid solution does not disintegrate, which leads to the described high mechanical properties.
# Yury Smolyakov

Yury Smolyakov (Russian: Юрий Тимофеевич Смоляков; born 20 September 1941) is a Soviet fencer. He won a silver medal in the team épée event at the 1968 Summer Olympics.
# Mikhail Dorinov

Mikhail Vyacheslavovich Dorinov (Russian: Михаил Вячеславович Доринов; born 9 August 1995) is a Russian swimmer. He competed in the men's 200 metre breaststroke event at the 2018 FINA World Swimming Championships (25 m), in Hangzhou, China.