OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Ihor Huk (surgeon)

Ihor Huk (Ukrainian: І́гор Гук) is a Ukrainian vascular surgeon, transplant surgeon, and researcher based in Vienna, Austria known for his research on biological functions of nitric oxide and on the vascular system. Huk studied medicine in Gdansk (1969–1975) and then specialised in vascular surgery at the University of Vienna.

## Career

Huk is the former Director of Experimental Vascular Laboratory for the Department of Surgery at the Medical University Vienna since 1994, the Chairman of the Division of Vascular Surgery since 2013. Huk is a foreign member of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine.
Huk studied the issues of diagnosis and complications regarding the surgical treatment of aortic ischemia, the effect of nitric oxide on the vascular wall, reperfusion injury of organs, and the impact of amino acids on healthy cell development.
Huk has completed more than 50,000 surgeries, including abdominal, vascular and transplantations, and over 1,000 kidney, liver and arteries transplants throughout his career. Huk's primary practice is at the Vienna General Hospital (VGH) and has also worked as a Chief Physician at the Wiener Privatklinik (WPK) for over 30 years, where his focus on vascular surgery includes operations on carotid arteries to prevent strokes, aneurysm operations, and surgery on arteries threatened with occlusion or rupture, as well as reconstructive surgery on vessels (bypass, shunt and stent). Huk has authored or co-authored more than 40 papers in journals.

## Personal life

Huk is part of a group of Ukrainian scientists, journalists, and other public figures that has published an open letter to Ukrainian president Volodymyr Zelenskyy in support of freedom of speech in Ukraine in 2020.
In 2016, daily German-language Austrian newspaper Kurier reported on a violent robbery at Huk's Vienna home where his wife suffered facial injuries. Huk shared how he stayed calm and made a psychological connection with the robber to defuse the situation, and how he performed a surgery the next day.
Huk successfully performed stent surgery on the Patriarch Filaret in Vienna in 2015.

## Honours and memberships

Huk is an ambassador at large for the private Zürich-based International Human Rights Commission. He is an honorary professor of Ternopil State Medical University in Ukraine. He is a member of several professional organizations including, the Austrian Society of Surgery and the Austrian Society of Angiology. Huk is on the editorial board for the Ukrainian scientific journal Modern Medical Technologies. He is also an advisor to the President of the European Commission.
# Neurathen Castle

Neurathen Castle (German: Felsenburg Neurathen), which was first mentioned by this name in 1755, is located near the famous Bastei rocks near Rathen in Saxon Switzerland in the German state of Saxony. This was once the largest rock castle in the region, but today only the rooms carved out of the rock, passages, the cistern and the beam supports of the former wooden superstructure have survived. In the years 1982–1984 parts of the extensive castle were used to build the open-air museum.
# Hoppla, We're Alive!

Hoppla, We're Alive! (German: Hoppla, wir leben!) is a Neue Sachlichkeit (or "New Objectivity") play by the German playwright Ernst Toller. Its second production, directed by the seminal epic theatre director Erwin Piscator in 1927, was a milestone in the history of theatre. The British playwright Mark Ravenhill based his Some Explicit Polaroids (1999) on Toller's play.

## Characters
### Prologue

Time: 1919
| Karl Thomas | Eva Berg | Wilhelm Kilman |
| Albert Kroll | Frau Meller | Warder Randrow |
| Lieutenant Baron Friedrich | Soldiers |

### Main play

This piece takes place in many countries, eight years after the crushing of a people's uprising. Time: 1927
| Karl Thomas | Eva Berg | Wilhelm Kilman |
| Frau Kilman | Lotte Kilman | Rand |
| Professor Lundin | Albert Kroll | Frau Meller |
| Rand | Professor Lundin | Fritz |
| Grete | Count Lande | Minister of War |
| Banker | Banker's Son | Pickel |
| Baron Friedrich | Ministry Official | Madhouse Orderly |
| Student | 1st Worker | 2nd Worker |
| 3rd Worker | 4th Worker | 5th Worker |
| Examining Magistrate | Head Waiter | Porter |
| Radio Operator | Busboy | Police Chief |
| 1st Policeman | 2nd Policeman | 3rd Policeman |
| Chairman of the Union of Intellectual Brain Workers | Philosopher X | Poet Y |
| Critic Z | Election officer | 2nd Election Officer |
| 1st Electioneer | 2nd Electioneer | 3rd Electioneer |
| Voter | Old Woman | Prisoner N |
| Journalist | Ladies, Gentlemen | People |

## Reception

According to theatre critic Eric Bentley’s book The Playwright as Thinker, when Erwin Piscator directed the premiere of Hoppla, We’re Alive! in 1927 and Frau Meller, the mother in the play, said "There’s only one thing to do: either hang one’s self [sic] or change the world," the youthful audience burst spontaneously into the Internationale.
Hoppla, We're Alive! was one of the books burned in the infamous Nazi book burning, along with 20,000 other left-wing and Jewish books.
# Transport Safety Investigation Center

Transport Safety Investigation Center (Turkish: Ulaşım Emniyeti İnceleme Merkezi), is a civil transportation accident investigation board of Turkey. It is affiliated to the Ministry of Transport and Infrastructure. Founded in 2019, it replaced the Accident Investigation Board.
# University of Science and Technology of Benin

The University of Science and Technology of Benin (French: Université des Sciences et Technologies du Bénin (USTB)) is a private university in Benin, whose headquarters are located in the district of Kpondéhou in Cotonou, the economic capital of Benin.

## History

Founded in October 1996 by Professor Frédéric Dohou, the "Université des Sciences et Technologies du Bénin" is a university institution for scientific, cultural and professional character, enjoying corporate personality, pedagogical and scientific, administrative and financial autonomy. It contributes to the missions of higher education and scientific research through six faculties and five specialized higher schools.
The USTB is a member institution of the Network of Universities of Science and Technology of the Countries of Africa south of the Sahara (French: Réseau des Universités des Sciences et Technologies des pays d'Afrique au Sud du Sahara (RUSTA)).

## Organization

The USTB has six faculties, five specialized higher schools and one research centre:

### List of Faculties

* Faculty of Legal, Administrative and Political
* Faculty of Economics
* Faculty of Management Sciences
* Faculty of Fundamental and Applied Sciences
* Faculty of Letters, Arts and Social Sciences
* Faculty of Agricultural Sciences
* Faculty of Computer Sciences

### List of specialized Higher Schools

* Higher School of Management and Business Administration (ESMAE)
* Higher School of Communication (ESCOM)
* Higher School of Industrial Technology (ESTI)
* Higher School of Applied Informatics (ESIA)
* Higher School of Public Works, Mines and Geology (ESTPMG)

### Research Centre

* Consortium for the management of basic and applied research in Africa south of the Sahara (French: Consortium pour le Management de la Recherche Fondamentale et Appliquée en Afrique au Sud du Sahara (COMREFAS))

## International relations

Since its inception, the USTB has worked to develop a network of international cooperation with foreign universities, including with the University of Poitiers.
# Itombe Formation

The Itombe Formation is a geological formation of the Kwanza Basin in Angola dated to the Coniacian stage of the Late Cretaceous. The environment of deposition is shallow marine. Reptile fossils have been recovered from the Tadi beds locality within the formation, including the dinosaur Angolatitan, the mosasaurs Angolasaurus and Mosasaurus iembeensis and the turtle Angolachelys. The Itombe formation was formerly considered Turonian in age, but new data suggests to be Coniacian.
# Biliavtsi

Biliavtsi (Ukrainian: Білявці) is a village (selo) in Zolochiv Raion, Lviv Oblast, in western Ukraine. It belongs to Brody urban hromada, one of the hromadas of Ukraine.
From 1918 to 1939 the village was in Tarnopol Voivodeship in Poland.
Until 18 July 2020, Biliavtsi belonged to Brody Raion. The raion was abolished in July 2020 as part of the administrative reform of Ukraine, which reduced the number of raions of Lviv Oblast to seven. The area of Brody Raion was merged into Zolochiv Raion.
# Shadow Secretary of State for Wales

The shadow secretary of state for Wales (or shadow Welsh secretary) is a member of the UK Shadow Cabinet responsible for the scrutiny of the secretary of state for Wales and their department, the Wales Office. The incumbent holder of the office is Mims Davies.

## List of shadow secretaries of state for Wales

| Name | Entered office | Left office | Political party |
| Nicholas Edwards MP for Pembrokeshire | 18 February 1975 | 4 May 1979 | Conservative |
| John Morris MP for Aberavon | 4 May 1979 | 14 June 1979 | Labour |
| Alec Jones MP for Rhondda | 14 June 1979 | 20 March 1983 | Labour |
| Denzil Davies MP for Llanelli | 20 March 1983 | 31 October 1983 | Labour |
| Barry Jones MP for Alyn and Deeside | 31 October 1983 | 13 July 1987 | Labour |
| Alan Williams MP for Swansea West | 13 July 1987 | 9 January 1989 | Labour |
| Barry Jones MP for Alyn and Deeside | 9 January 1989 | 18 July 1992 | Labour |
| Ann Clwyd MP for Cynon Valley | 18 July 1992 | 1 November 1992 | Labour |
| Ron Davies MP for Caerphilly | 5 November 1992 | 2 May 1997 | Labour |
| William Hague MP for Richmond | 2 May 1997 | 19 June 1997 | Conservative |
| Michael Ancram MP for Devizes | 19 June 1997 | 1 June 1998 | Conservative |
| Liam Fox MP for Woodspring | 1 June 1998 | 15 June 1999 | Conservative |
| Sir George Young MP for North West Hampshire | 15 June 1999 | 26 September 2000 | Conservative |
| Angela Browning MP for Tiverton and Honiton | 26 September 2000 | 18 September 2001 | Conservative |
| Nigel Evans MP for Ribble Valley | 18 September 2001 | 11 November 2003 | Conservative |
| Bill Wiggin MP for Leominster | 11 November 2003 | 6 December 2005 | Conservative |
| Cheryl Gillan MP for Chesham and Amersham | 6 December 2005 | 11 May 2010 | Conservative |
| Peter Hain MP for Neath | 11 May 2010 | 15 May 2012 | Labour |
| Owen Smith MP for Pontypridd | 15 May 2012 | 14 September 2015 | Labour |
| Nia Griffith MP for Llanelli | 14 September 2015 | 27 June 2016 | Labour |
| Paul Flynn MP for Newport West | 3 July 2016 | 6 October 2016 | Labour |
| Jo Stevens MP for Cardiff Central | 6 October 2016 | 27 January 2017 | Labour |
| Christina Rees MP for Neath | 9 February 2017 | 6 April 2020 | Labour |
| Nia Griffith MP for Llanelli | 6 April 2020 | 29 November 2021 | Labour |
| Jo Stevens MP for Cardiff Central | 29 November 2021 | 8 July 2024 | Labour |
| Byron Davies Baron Davies of Gower | 8 July 2024 | 5 November 2024 | Conservative |
| Mims Davies | 5 November 2024 | Incumbent | Conservative |
# Mihai Dimitriu

Mihai Dimitriu is a Moldovan politician.

## Biography

He served as member of the Parliament of Moldova.
# Shal District

Shal District (Persian: بخش شال) is in Buin Zahra County, Qazvin province, Iran. Its capital is the city of Shal.

## Demographics
### Population

At the time of the 2006 National Census, the district's population was 23,935 in 5,527 households. The following census in 2011 counted 23,572 people in 6,373 households. The 2016 census measured the population of the district as 23,238 inhabitants in 6,609 households.

### Administrative divisions

Shal District Population :
| Administrative Divisions | 2006 | 2011 | 2016 |
| Qaleh Hashem RD | 4,873 | 4,218 | 3,765 |
| Zeynabad RD | 3,958 | 4,358 | 4,183 |
| Shal (city) | 15,104 | 14,996 | 15,290 |
| Total | 23,935 | 23,572 | 23,238 |
| RD = Rural District ||||
# Eslamabad, Gilan

Eslamabad (Persian: اسلام اباد, also Romanized as Eslāmābād; also known as Gāv Kadeh and Kāvak Deh) is a village in Kasma Rural District, in the Central District of Sowme'eh Sara County, Gilan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 364, in 100 families.
# Las Palmas Inter-Island Football Federation

The Las Palmas Inter-Island Football Federation (Spanish: Federación Interinsular de Fútbol de Las Palmas; FIFLP) is the football association responsible for all competitions of any form of football developed in the province of Las Palmas. It is integrated into the Royal Spanish Football Federation by way of the Canarian Football Federation and its headquarters are located in Las Palmas. It also has a delegation in Lanzarote and Fuerteventura. It is chaired by Antonio Suárez Santana.
# List of human spaceflights to the Tiangong space station

This is a list of human spaceflights to the Tiangong space station.

## Past

| Flight | Mission | Crew | Mission Start | Mission End | Notes |
| 1 | Shenzhou 12 | Nie Haisheng Liu Boming Tang Hongbo | 17 June 2021 | 17 September 2021 | Delivered three taikonauts to the Tiangong space station; first crewed mission to Tiangong. |
| 2 | Shenzhou 13 | Zhai Zhigang Wang Yaping Ye Guangfu | 15 October 2021 | 15 April 2022 | Delivered three taikonauts to the Tiangong space station; second crewed mission to Tiangong. |
| 3 | Shenzhou 14 | Chen Dong Liu Yang Cai Xuzhe | 5 June 2022 | 4 December 2022 | Delivered three taikonauts to the Tiangong space station; third crewed mission to Tiangong. Beginning of continuous crew inhabitation on Tiangong. |
| 4 | Shenzhou 15 | Fei Junlong Deng Qingming Zhang Lu | 29 November 2022 | 3 June 2023 | Delivered three taikonauts to the Tiangong space station; fourth crewed mission to Tiangong. Beginning of regular crew rotation in the Tiangong space station. |
| 5 | Shenzhou 16 | Jing Haipeng Zhu Yangzhu Gui Haichao | 30 May 2023 | 31 October 2023 | Delivered three taikonauts to the Tiangong space station; fifth crewed mission to Tiangong. |
| 6 | Shenzhou 17 | Tang Hongbo Tang Shengjie Jiang Xinlin | 26 October 2023 | 30 April 2024 | Delivered 3 taikonauts to the Tiangong space station; sixth crewed mission to Tiangong. |
| 7 | Shenzhou 18 | Ye Guangfu Li Cong Li Guangsu | 25 April 2024 | 3 November 2024 | Delivered 3 taikonauts to the Tiangong space station; seventh crewed mission to Tiangong. |

## Ongoing

| Flight | Mission | Crew | Crew photo | Crew patch | Mission Start | Mission End | Notes |
| 8 | Shenzhou 19 | Cai Xuzhe Song Lingdong Wang Haoze | | | 29 October 2024 | | To deliver three taikonauts to the Tiangong space station; eighth crewed mission to Tiangong. |

## Future

| Flight | Mission | Crew | Crew photo | Crew patch | Mission Start | Mission End | Notes |
| 9 | Shenzhou 20 | TBA TBA TBA | | | Planned: May 2025 | | To deliver three taikonauts to the Tiangong space station; ninth crewed mission to Tiangong. |
| 10 | Shenzhou 21 | TBA TBA TBA | | | Planned: November 2025 | | To deliver three taikonauts to the Tiangong space station; tenth crewed mission to Tiangong. |
# Ministry of Education (Peru)

The Ministry of Education (Spanish: Ministerio de Educación) is the government ministry responsible for education in Peru.

## Headquarters

From 1956 until the mid-1990s, its main headquarters were in the Javier Alzamora Valdez Building, a skyscraper located in the historic centre of Lima.
In the mid-90s, it moved to a new headquarters where the Institute for Research and Development of Education (INIDE) operated, located in the San Borja District until 2011, when a new building was inaugurated to the north of the San Borja District, next to the Museum of the Nation. Previously, at the end of the 2000s, some offices moved to the Administrative Complex of the Public Fisheries Sector to later move to the new headquarters in the form of stacked books. Finally, all the administrative areas of the ministry were transferred to the new headquarters where the ministry works to this day.
# Marion-Handley

The Marion-Handley was an automobile built in Jackson, Michigan by the Mutual Motors Corporation from 1916 to 1918.

## History

Mutual Motors Corporation was formed by combining the Imperial Automobile Company and Marion Motor Car Company. The Imperial was discontinued and the Marion became the Marion-Handley.
Two models were available, a touring car and a four-seater roadster. The 6-40 model was built on a 10 ft (3,000 mm) wheelbase, and the 6-60 was offered with a 10 ft 5 in (3,180 mm) wheelbase. The Marion-Handley was an assembled car equipped with a Continental six-cylinder engine. Wooden artillery wheels were standard equipment on the touring car, but the roadster model offered wire wheels as an option. Factory price in 1917 was $1,575, equivalent to $37,456 in 2023. Mutual Motors ended production in 1918 after 2,081 cars had been produced. The factory was sold in 1919.
# Batschka-Torontal District

Batschka-Torontal District (Serbian: Bačko-torontalski okrug or Бачко-торонталски округ; German: Bezirk Batschka-Torontal; Hungarian: Bács-Torontáli körzet; Romanian: Districtul Bacica-Torontal; Croatian: Bačko-torontalski okrug) was one of two original administrative districts of the Voivodeship of Serbia and Banat of Temeschwar (a crown land within Austrian Empire). It existed from 1849 to 1850.

## History

The crown land Voivodeship of Serbia and Banat of Temeschwar was formed in 1849 and was initially divided into two districts: Batschka-Torontal and Temeschwar-Karasch.
In 1850, crown land was divided into five districts and the territory of Batschka-Torontal District was divided among Neusatz District, Zombor District and Großbetschkerek District.

## Geography

The Batschka-Torontal District included most of Bačka (excluding Šajkaška region), north-western Banat and northern Syrmia. It shared borders with Temeschwar-Karasch District in the east, the Banat Military Frontier in the south, Kingdom of Slavonia (Osijek/Essek County) in the southwest, and the Kingdom of Hungary in the north and west (all parts of the Austrian Empire).

## Demographics

According to 1850 census, the population of the district numbered 1,002,013 residents, including:
* Germans = 276,552 (27.6%)
* Serbs = 264,547 (26.4%)
* Hungarians = 251,247 (25.07%)

## Cities and towns

Main cities and towns in the district were:
* Abthausen (Apatin)
* Alt Betsche (Stari Bečej)
* Frankenstadt (Baja)
* Futok (Futog)
* Großbetschkerek (Veliki Bečkerek)
* Großkikinda (Velika Kikinda)
* India (Inđija)
* Josephsfeld (Kula)
* Maria-Theresiopel (Subotica)
* Neusatz (Novi Sad)
* Plankenburg (Palanka)
* Ruma (Ruma)
* Temeri (Temerin)
* Zenta (Senta)
* Zombor (Sombor)
Most of the mentioned cities and towns are today in Serbia, while town of Frankenstadt (Baja) is today in Hungary.
# Souk El Grana

Souk El Grana (Arabic: سوق القرانة) is one of the souks of Tunis. Its name comes from the Granas (Jews from Livorno) who came to Tunisia in the 17th century.

## Location

This souk is located in the north of the medina of Tunis, in the Bab Souika neighborhood and near the Al-Zaytuna Mosque.

## History

Although this souk existed before the arrival of the Jews from Livorno, it became bigger and better with them. During the 17th century, the Jews transformed this souk into an economic center in Tunis. Agricultural products, crafts, caravans, chachias, ivory, and many other products were sold in this market.

## Architecture

The souk is covered by a barrel vault made from bricks. There is also a synagogue made from dimension stone that were taken from the ruins of Roman buildings in Tunis.
# Aniskino

Aniskino (Russian: Аниськино) is a rural locality (a village) in Nagornoye Rural Settlement, Petushinsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 1 as of 2010. There are 2 streets.

## Geography

Aniskino is located 23 km northwest of Petushki (the district's administrative centre) by road. Maslyanye Gorochki is the nearest rural locality.
# Gel-e Shur

Gel-e Shur (Persian: گل شور, also Romanized as Gel-e Shūr; also known as Galū Shūr, Geleh Shūr, and Goleh Shūr) is a village in Miankuh Rural District, Miankuh District, Ardal County, Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 173, in 34 families.
# Algeria, History and Civilization

Algeria History and Civilization (Arabic: الجزائر تاريخ وحضارة Al jazair tarikh oua hatharat) is a historical animated series from Algeria that tells the history of Algeria in 52 episodes, with an average of 26 minutes per episode, which aims to educate Algerian youth on selected history of their country until the restoration of independence from French colonial on 5 July 1962.
# Gonbad, Bostanabad

Gonbad (Persian: گنبد) is a village in Abbas-e Gharbi Rural District, Tekmeh Dash District, Bostanabad County, East Azerbaijan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 387, in 71 families.
# Khan Baghalachi

Khan Baghalachi (Persian: خان بغلچي, also Romanized as Khān Baghalachī; also known as Khān Kandī) is a village in Chaldoran-e Jonubi Rural District, in the Central District of Chaldoran County, West Azerbaijan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 241, in 50 families.
# Bolt (cloth)

A bolt is a piece of cloth woven on a loom or created by a knitting machine, as it is processed, stored and/or marketed. Consequently, its dimensions are highly variable – flexible and dependent upon the manufacturing, machinery, quantity, size, thickness and quality of the product. It is a unit used in manufacturing, transport and inventory. It is also used as a descriptor for wallpaper, which uses different fabrication machinery. Being encompassing, it is by its nature a generic and ambiguous term of convenience and context, used to describe fabric and wallpaper.

## In modern production

Textile manufacturing is about converting fiber into yarn, yarn into fabric, and finally, the fabric into clothing and other useful products. At every stage, production activity is managed by unique batches. When it comes to fabric, a set of bolts or rolls forms a batch, representing the production.

### Manufacturing

The yarn is processed by knitting or weaving, which turns the yarn into cloth. The machine used for weaving is the loom. and knitting is another method of cloth manufacturing.
Boltsare the rolls of cloth manufactured by a loom or knitting machine, which moves through subsequent processes of textile finishing.

#### Loom

Looms are equipped with devices that can measure the length of the bolt during manufacturing on the machine itself.

### Packing and trading

Cloth merchant were marking the end of bolts with notations. This practice is continued in the industry to avoid mixing.

### Garment manufacturing

After fabric inspection, the bolts are layered manually or fabric-spreading machines for relaxing and cutting with patterns.
For more information, see Pattern; Ready-made garment

## Unit

The length of a bolt varied according to the type of material measured. The length is usually either 40 or 100 yards (37 or 91 m), but varies depending on the fabric being referred to; for example, a bolt of canvas is traditionally 39 yards (36 m).
The width of a bolt is usually 45 or 60 inches (110 or 150 cm), but widths may include 35–36 inches (89–91 cm), 39 inches (99 cm), 41 inches (100 cm), 44–45 inches (110–110 cm), 50 inches (130 cm), 52–54 inches (130–140 cm), 58–60 inches (150–150 cm) and 66 inches (170 cm), 72 inches (180 cm), 96 inches (240 cm), and 108 inches (270 cm). For more on breadths of bolts, see narrow cloth.
The word has been long-lived. For example, Herman Melville used it casually in Moby-Dick. It is also the standard linear measurement of canvas for use at sea: 39 yards (36 m).
# Kember

Kember is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Gerald Kember (born 1945), New Zealand rugby player
* Hamish Kember (born 1968), New Zealand cricketer
* Harry J. Kember Jr. (1934–2012), American politician
* Lorraine Kember (born 1950), Australian author
* Norman Kember (born 1931), British professor of biophysics
* Owen Kember (1943–2004), English cricketer
* Peter Kember (born 1965), English singer and record producer
* Ros Kember (born 1985), New Zealand cricketer
* RW Kember (born 1983), South African rugby player
* Steve Kember (born 1948), English footballer