OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Polish playing cards

* D
* K
* O
* U
* X
* 9
* 8
* 7
* 6
Polish playing cards (Polish: Karty polskie) have been manufactured since the 15th century and include both French- and German-suited cards. Polish playing cards may also refer more narrowly to the Polish pattern: traditional packs of 36 German-suited playing cards produced in Poland to local designs.

## Description

Polish pattern cards comprise the four suits of Leaves (Wino), Hearts (Czerwień), Acorns (Żołądź) and Bells (Dzwonek) and five picture cards: the Ace or Deuce (Tuz), Ten (Kralka) or Banner, King (Król), Ober (Wyżnik) and Unter (Niżnik) and four pip cards: the Nine (Dziewiątka), Eight (Ósemka), Seven (Siódemka) and Six (Szóstka). Sometimes there are additional cards such as the: Five (Piątka), Four (Czwórka) and Three (Trójka).

## History

The first cards of this type were imported from Germany and appeared in Polish towns and cities as early as the 15th century. Soon thereafter, domestic production began. In the 16th century, playing card manufacture had begun at Lemberg, Breslau, Poznań, Olkusz and Kraków.
According to Łukasz Gołębiowski, German-suited Polish cards were used to played, among others, the games of Kupiec, Kasztelan, Wózek, Skrzetułka, Drużbart, Pamfil, Chapanka, Tryszak, Mariasz, Piquet (Pikieta) and Cwik.
From the 18th century, French-suited cards and French terminology began to gradually dominate, while traditional Polish cards gradually lost popularity throughout the 19th century. Currently, cards of this pattern (32-piece pack) are still used in Silesia for the game of Skat. Tarot playing cards are also produced for Polish Taroki.
Notable Polish cardmakers in the late 19th and 20th centuries include Willink of Warsaw, Pierswsza and Karpalit of Lvov, the Kraków Playing Card Factory and state-owned KZWP. The latter dominates the market and has recently been renamed Trefl.

## Cards in fiction

* Ignacy Krasicki.

## Footnotes

* ↑ A banking game in which players win for 'point', 'sequence' and 'tierce'.
* ↑ Very similar to Czech Dudak. Two to four players use 24 cards. Players must beat the previous card played to a pile and then lay a second card, or pick up the pile. The last player holding cards loses.
# Ferdows, Rigan

Ferdows (Persian: فردوس) is a village in Gonbaki Rural District, Gonbaki District, Rigan County, Kerman Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 47, in 11 families.
# Shadan

Shadan (Persian: شادان, also Romanized as Shādān) is a village in Qaleh Zari Rural District, Jolgeh-e Mazhan District, Khusf County, South Khorasan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 87, in 21 families.
# Liepona

Liepona (German: Lepone, Russian: Lipovka) is a small rivulet that flows for 22.9 km (14.2 mi) on the border of Lithuania and Kaliningrad Oblast, Russia. Left tributary to Širvinta, Liepona originates in Lithuania, near Kylininkai village. In 1980, a 26-hectare (64-acre) pond for irrigation was built about 16 km (9.9 mi) from the mouth.
It is famous for an incident in June 1940 when President of Lithuania Antanas Smetona had to cross the shallow river in order to reach Nazi Germany in the aftermath of the Soviet ultimatum to Lithuania. Liepona served as a natural border between Prussia and Lithuania since the Treaty of Melno of 1422 with the Teutonic Knights.
# Nikola Mladenović

Nikola Mladenović (born 16 June 1992) is a Serbian-German footballer who plays for Hessenliga club Rot-Weiß Walldorf.

## Career

Mladenović began his career with SV Darmstadt 98 and made his 3. Liga debut for the club in April 2012, as a substitute for Rudi Hübner in a 4–0 win over Werder Bremen II. In January 2014 he signed for SV Waldhof Mannheim.
# The Violin King

The Violin King (German: Der Geigerkönig) is a 1923 German silent film directed by Karl Otto Krause.

## Cast

In alphabetical order
* Marianne Gonia as Friederike
* Kurt Goritz as Christoph Reutter
* Sybill Morel as Edith von Hagen
* Franz Rauch as Klaus Peter
* Gustav Adolf Semler as Heinz Karsten
* Maria Zelenka as Ilse
# Holy Virgin Cathedral

The Holy Virgin Cathedral, also known as Joy of All Who Sorrow (Russian: Радосте-Скорбященский собор), is a Russian Orthodox cathedral in the Richmond District of San Francisco. It is the largest of the six cathedrals of the Russian Orthodox Church Outside Russia, which has over 400 parishes worldwide, and the cathedra of the Diocese of San Francisco and Western America.

## History

Russian settlement in California began at Fort Ross in 1812. The original San Francisco parish of the Russian Orthodox Church outside Russia was founded on June 2, 1927. An earlier Holy Virgin Cathedral was located at 858-64 Fulton Street between Fillmore and Webster Streets. That building is still extant and was designated a San Francisco Landmark on May 3, 1970.
The current cathedral at 6219 Geary Boulevard in the Richmond District was founded by St. John of Shanghai and San Francisco, born Mikhail Maximovitch. The neighborhood is known for its Russian restaurants and shops, and the "most visible Russian presence is the magnificent Holy Virgin Cathedral".
Groundbreaking took place on June 25, 1961, construction was completed in 1965, and the cathedral was consecrated on January 31, 1977. St. John, who died in 1966, is buried within the cathedral.

## Architecture

The cathedral was designed by Oleg N. Ivanitsky, and features five onion domes covered in 24 carat gold leaf. The "incredible beauty" of the interior, which is "lined by icons, religious paintings, and mosaics, and lit by a voluminous chandelier" can be seen only by those who attend religious services and go on visitation days.
The mosaic work on the outside of the building were done by Alfonso Pardiñas of Byzantine Mosaics.

## Clergy and programs

The rector of the cathedral is Kyrill (Dmitrieff), Archbishop of San Francisco and Western America. The archbishop is a San Francisco native and a graduate of the University of San Francisco. The cathedral operates a K–12 school, the Saint John of San Francisco Orthodox Academy, as well as a bookstore and housing for senior citizens.
# Abdul Hamid Adiamoh

Abdul Hamid Adiamoh is a Nigerian journalist and publisher of Today Newspaper in the Gambia.

## Career

Adiamoh was born in Ibadan to a teacher and architect. The second of six children, he attended Ibadan Grammar School, Ibadan and Ladoke Akintola University, Ogbomosho, Nigeria. He left Nigeria during the Abacha administration and settle in the Gambia, where he established himself as a business journalist with the Daily Observer Newspaper. He left the Observer to start his own company, first called MediaMethods and then INK. He started the Business Gambia, a monthly business magazine, in association with the Gambia Chamber of Commerce and Industry. Today Newspaper first published in July 2007.

## Challenges

In September 2007, Adiamoh was arrested for publishing an article on children skipping school, picking scrap metal, and selling it to scrap dealers. According to the charge sheet brought against him, he was accused of seditious intention. Media reports of the event cite the attempt by state forces to stifle the media. His arrest and bail of 200,000 Gambian dalasi (US$ 9500) coincided with the conviction and sentencing of Fatou Jaw Manneh, another journalist who was found guilty of a 2005 article.
Adiamoh was also arrested in June 2009 for false publication. TODAY had on June 10 reported the sack of two Gambian ministers - Attorney General Marie Saine Firdaus and minister for Local Government, Ismaila Sambou as part of a landslide cabinet reshuffle. Finding the report to be untrue, TODAY of June 11, 2009 retracted the story, and published a public apology. The paper also mentioned its efforts to stop the circulation of the edition. Despite these efforts, Adiamoh was arrested, detained for five days, before he was charged for false publication and broadcasting, a criminal offence under Gambian laws that could carry a maximum sentence of D250,000 fine or a six-month imprisonment term.
Adiamoh lives in the Gambia with his family.
# Bavarian Order of Merit

The Bavarian Order of Merit (German: Bayerischer Verdienstorden) is the Order of Merit of the Free State of Bavaria. It is awarded by the Minister-President of Bavaria as a "recognition of outstanding contributions to the Free State of Bavaria and the Bavarian people".
The order was instituted by law on 11 June 1957. The Prime Minister and the Cabinet can nominate awardees.
Hemmerle, a German jewellery house based in Munich founded in 1893, is the exclusive maker of the Bavarian Order of Merit since it was instituted in 1957.
# Semykivtsi

Semykivtsi (Ukrainian: Семиківці) is a village in Zolotnyky rural hromada, Ternopil Raion, Ternopil Oblast, Ukraine.

## History

The first written mention of the village was in 1468.
After the liquidation of the Terebovlia Raion on 19 July 2020, the village became part of the Ternopil Raion.

## Religion

* St. Demetrius church (1926, UGCC, rebuilt from a Roman Catholic church).
# Kulabad, Lorestan

Kulabad (Persian: کول آباد, also Romanized as Kūlābād; also known as Kūyābād) is a village in Silakhor Rural District, Silakhor District, Dorud County, Lorestan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 253, in 47 families.
# Polivtsi, Ternopil Oblast

Polivtsi (Ukrainian: Полівці) is a village in Ukraine, Ternopil Oblast, Chortkiv Raion, Bilobozhnytsia rural hromada.

## History

The first written mention dates from 1536.

## Religion

* Saint Nicholas church (OCU, 1884)
* Saint Nicholas church (UGCC, converted from the RCC church in 2000)

## People

* Myroslav Motiuk (born 1950), Ukrainian doctor, lawyer, businessman, public figure
* Isydor Nahaievskyi (1908-1989), participant of the national liberation struggle, leading specialist in the manufacture of missile weapons in the US Department of Defense, dean of New York University, author of scientific works
* Vasyl Pohoretskyi (born 1954), Ukrainian publicist, writer, Doctor of Theology and Candidate of Historical Sciences
* Volodymyr Pohoretskyi (born 1967), Ukrainian writer, editor, public figure
* Nestor Chyr (1938–2014), Ukrainian poet, publicist, oilman (resettled in 1945 with his family to Ternopil Oblast during the deportation of Ukrainians from Poland and Poles from Ukraine)
# Mohammed Suroor Sabban

Mohammed Suroor Sabban (Arabic: محمد سرور الصبان;1898–1972) was a politician, economist, publisher, and poet from Qunfodah, Saudi Arabia.

## Biography

Mohammed was born in Qunfodah and raised in Mecca. His family originated from North Africa who were taken to Saudi Arabia as slaves. His father was a slave of Sabban family of Mecca who was freed later. Sabban family raised and educated Mohammed.
He was a member of the Hejazi National Party which stripped the Hashemites crown from Hejaz in 1925. He was the owner and publisher of a significant newspaper in Hejaz, Sout Al Hejaz. He established many civil institutes in Mecca in early times, such as the ambulance cultural society, and Al-Qirsh Society. He also participated in forming Al Wahda sport club of Mecca.
Mohammed was an aide of Abdullah Suleiman, minister of finance. He replaced him in the post on 20 November 1954. In addition, Mohammed was made the minister of state and a royal advisor. His tenure ended in February 1958.
Later he served as the head of the Islamic Conference. He is known as the 'father' of the modern Saudi economy. He embraced the liberal economic values in Saudi Arabia following the work of the Egyptian economic leader Talaat Pasha Harb. He called for collective trade instead of traditional individualistic or family-based trade. He established dozens of trade, industrial, and financial companies in Mecca and Saudi Arabia.
He established the "Hejazi Library", which was among the first civic publisher houses in Hejaz and the Arabian peninsula. It published Mohammed Hasan Awwad's famous book on reform: 'Khawater Mosarraha' in 1925. Also wrote and published the first modern book in Hejaz: Adab Al Hejaz. Sabban harbored the modernism movement; he published another famous book supporting the modern young Hejazi poets in Al-Ma'aradd, which is a collection of work by the young modern Hejazis.
# Qaqazan-e Gharbi Rural District

Qaqazan-e Gharbi Rural District (Persian: دهستان قاقازان غربي) is in the Central District of Takestan County, Qazvin province, Iran. Its capital is the village of Nikuyeh.

## Demographics
### Population

At the time of the 2006 National Census, the rural district's population was 7,332 in 1,805 households. There were 6,057 inhabitants in 1,822 households at the following census of 2011. The 2016 census measured the population of the rural district as 4,412 in 1,403 households. The most populous of its 22 villages was Kaneshkin, with 976 people.
# Khvostenko

Khvostenko (Ukrainian: Хвостенко, from хвост meaning tail) is a gender-neutral Ukrainian surname that may refer to
* Alexander Khvostenko-Khvostov (1895–1967), Ukrainian avant-garde artist
* Alexei Khvostenko (1940–2004), Russian avant-garde poet, singer-songwriter and artist
* Oksana Khvostenko (born 1977), Ukrainian biathlete
# Khunan

Khunan (Persian: خونان, also Romanized as Khūnān and Khownān; also known as Khūshān) is a village in Zahray-ye Bala Rural District, in the Central District of Buin Zahra County, Qazvin Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 1,737, in 457 families.
# Zelenohirske settlement hromada

Zelenohirske settlement hromada (Ukrainian: Зеленогірська селищна громада) is a hromada in Podilsk Raion of Odesa Oblast in southwestern Ukraine. Population: 7,544 (2020 est.)
The hromada consists of one rural settlement (Zelenohirske) and 11 villages:
* Chabanivka
* Hvozdavka Druha
* Hvozdavka Persha
* Poznanka Druha
* Poznanka Persha
* Shlykareve
* Soltanivka
* Vasylivka
* Volodymyrivka
* Yasenove Druhe
* Yasenove Pershe
# Columbia Glacier (Alaska)

The Columbia Glacier, a glacier in Prince William Sound on the south coast of the U.S. state of Alaska, is one of the fastest moving glaciers in the world, and has been retreating since the early 1980s. It was named after Columbia University, one of several glaciers in the area named for elite U.S. colleges by the Harriman Alaska Expedition in 1899. The head of the main branch of the glacier originates at the saddle between Mount Witherspoon and Mount Einstein.
The Alaska Marine Highway vessel M/V Columbia is named after the Columbia Glacier.

## Size

The glacier twists its way through western Alaska's Chugach Mountains. The bald streak at the bottom of the mountains, called the trimline, shows this glacier has lost 1,300 feet (400 m) of thickness. It has also retreated 10.5 miles (16.9 km) since that measurement was taken.

## Retreat

The glacier's speed of retreat at the terminus reached a maximum of nearly 30 meters (98 ft) per day in 2001, when it was discharging icebergs at approximately 7 cubic kilometers (1.7 cu mi) per year; the glacier has subsequently slowed down, resulting in an increase in retreat rate. The terminus has retreated a total of 16 km (9.9 mi) at an average rate of approximately 0.6 km (0.37 mi) per year since 1982. The retreat has been accompanied by nearly 500 m (1,600 ft) of thinning at the present position of the terminus. In the next few decades it is expected to retreat another 15 km (9.3 mi), to a point where the bed of the glacier rises above sea level. Columbia Glacier's retreat should be completed around 2020. Tidewater glacier advance and retreat is not directly forced by climate (adjacent tidewater glaciers may be simultaneously advancing and retreating), but rapid retreat appears to be triggered by climate-forced long-term thinning.
# Toskatok

Toskatok (Persian: تسكاتك, also Romanized as Toskātok; also known as Tūskātok) is a village in Baladeh Kojur Rural District, in the Central District of Nowshahr County, Mazandaran Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 1,423, in 376 families.
# Soviet cruiser Admiral Fokin

Admiral Fokin (Russian: Адмирал Фокин) was the second ship of the Soviet Navy Project 58 Groznyy-class Guided Missile Cruisers (Ракетные крейсера проекта, RKR), also known as the Kynda Class. Launched on 19 November 1961, the vessel served with the Russian Pacific Fleet from the latter half of the 1960s through the 1980s. It undertook a tour of the Indian Ocean, which included visits to foreign ports. Admiral Fokin was transferred to the Russian Navy after the dissolution of the Soviet Union, but was decommissioned on 30 June 1993 and scrapped.

## Design

Displacing 4,350 tonnes (4,280 long tons; 4,800 short tons) standard and 5,300 tonnes (5,200 long tons; 5,800 short tons) full load, Admiral Fokin was 142.7 m (468 ft) in length. Power was provided by two 45,000 horsepower (34,000 kW) TV-12 steam turbines, fuelled by four KVN-95/64 boilers and driving two fixed pitch screws. Design speed was 34 knots (63 km/h).
The ship was designed for anti-ship warfare around two quadruple SM-70 P-35 launchers for sixteen 4K44 missiles (NATO reporting name SS-N-3 'Shaddock’). To defend against aircraft, the ship was equipped with a single twin ZIF-102 M-1 Volna launcher with sixteen V-600 4K90 (SA-N-1 ‘Goa’) missiles forward and two twin 76 mm (3 in) guns aft, backed up by two single 45 mm (2 in) guns. Defence against submarines was provided by two triple 533 mm (21 in) torpedoes and a pair of RBU-6000 213 mm (8 in) anti-submarine rocket launchers.
In 1975, the missiles were updated and the main radar was upgraded to MR-310A. In 1980, two Uspekh-U radars were added to the ship.

## Service

It Launched on 19 November 1961 with the name Steregushyy. (Russian: стерегущий –vigilant) The vessel was renamed Vladivostok (Russian: Владивосто́к – ruler of the east) on 31 October 1962 and eventually received its definitive name of Admiral Fokin on 11 May 1964. The vessel was named after Admiral Vitaliy Alekseyevich Fokin.
Admiral Fokin sailed in 1965 from Severomorsk to Vladivostok to serve with the 175th Missile Ship Brigade in the Pacific Fleet. During the 1960s, the vessel toured the Indian Ocean, visiting Mombasa, Kenya (26 November to 2 December 1968), Aden, South Yemen (2 to 7 January 1969), Al Hudaydah, North Yemen (9 to 12 January 1969), Mumbai, India (February 1969), Nairobi, Kenya (5 to 9 April 1969) and Port Louis, Mauritius (19 April to 23 April 1969). In February and March 1979, Admiral Fokin joined a large fleet of Soviet warships led by Sverdlov-class cruiser Admiral Senyavin that operated in the South China Sea in support of Vietnam during clashes along their border with China. The vessel continued to serve in the Indian Ocean in the 1980s, returning to South Yemen in May 1980.
At the dissolution of the Soviet Union, Admiral Fokin was decommissioned on 30 June 1993 and scrapped in 1995.

## Pennant numbers

| Pennant Number | Date |
| 336 | 1964 |
| 176 | 1966 |
| 641 | 1968 |
| 823 | 1968 |
| 831 | 1971 |
| 835 | 1971 |
| 822 | 1977 |
| 019 | 1977 |
| 845 | 1980 |
| 120 | 1981 |
| 022 | 1987 |
| 017 | 1990 |
# Monastyrskaya Pashnya

Monastyrskaya Pashnya (Russian: Монастырская Пашня) is a rural locality (a village) in Telegovskoye Rural Settlement, Krasnoborsky District, Arkhangelsk Oblast, Russia. The population was 213 as of 2010.

## Geography

Monastyrskaya Pashnya is located 13 km southeast of Krasnoborsk (the district's administrative centre) by road. Zapolye is the nearest rural locality.
# Vazivar

Vazivar (Persian: وازيوار, also Romanized as Vāzīvār and Vāzīvar) is a village in Kalej Rural District, in the Central District of Nowshahr County, Mazandaran Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 476, in 129 families.
# Kachanivka, Ternopil Oblast

Kachanivka (Ukrainian: Качанівка) is a village in Pidvolochysk settlement hromada, Ternopil Raion, Ternopil Oblast, Ukraine.

## History

The first written mention of the village was in 1546.
After the liquidation of the Pidvolochysk Raion on 19 July 2020, the village became part of the Ternopil Raion.

## Religion

* St. Michael church (1863, brick, OCU and UGCC),
* St. Michael church (1798, reconstructed in 1920 and 1991, RCC).

## Notable residents

* Casimir Zeglen (1869–1910), Polish Catholic priest who invented a silk bulletproof vest in the late 19th century
The composer, conductor, and public figure Ostap Nyzhankivskyi served as the village's parish priest; in 1898 and 1913 Ivan Franko visited the village.
# Shydlivtsi, Ternopil Oblast

Shydlivtsi (Ukrainian: Шидлівці) is a village in Husiatyn settlement hromada, Chortkiv Raion, Ternopil Oblast, Ukraine.

## History

The first written mention is from 1420.
After the liquidation of the Husiatyn Raion on 19 July 2020, the village became part of the Chortkiv Raion.

## Religion

* Saint Nicholas Church (1752, brick),
* Church of the Descent of the Holy Spirit (1935, restored in the 1990s).
# Upsala Glacier

The Upsala Glacier is a large valley glacier on the eastern side of the Southern Patagonian Ice Field. Its higher portion lies in a disputed territory between Chile and Argentina. While the glacier flows from north to south it has three lesser eastflowing tributary glacier: Bertacchi, Cono and Murallón.
The glacier terminus is at Upsala channel of Lago Argentino. The Upsala Glacier is well known for its rapid retreat, which Greenpeace cites as evidence for global warming. Its retreat has been ongoing since the glacier was first documented in 1810.
The name comes from the old spelling with one p of Uppsala University, which sponsored the first glaciological studies in the area. The university is located in Uppsala, Sweden.
The glacier showed almost continual recession up until 1999. The acceleration in ice motion during the two decades preceding 1999 may have been augmented by the release of backstress when the glacier retreated beyond the islands in Brazo Upsala. In 2008, another period of even faster retreat started, reported as being about 10 times faster than the period recorded in the eight years prior.
As of 2018 Upsala Glacier has retreated to such degree that it no longer constrain its tributary Bertacchi Glacier. Likely this makes Bertacchi Glacier have higher flow rates reflected with a subsequent stretching and thinning out of parts of the glacier as well. At parts the velocity of flow is also thought to have increased in Bertacchi Glacier as result of the near-separation from Upsala Glacier.
* Upsala Glacier
* The Upsala, aerial view
* View from the Argentino Lake
* Kayaking in the Upsala Glacier
# Quensel Glacier

Quensel Glacier (54°46′S 35°50′W﻿ / ﻿54.767°S 35.833°W﻿ / -54.767; -35.833) is a small glacier flowing southeast into Cooper Bay at the east tip of South Georgia. It was named by the United Kingdom Antarctic Place-Names Committee (UK-APC) after Percy D. Quensel, Swedish geologist of Uppsala University, who visited South Georgia with Carl Skottsberg in 1909.