OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Ralf Hoyer

Ralf Hoyer (born 13 April 1950) is a German composer.

## Life

Born in Berlin, Hoyer studied sound engineering at the Hochschule für Musik "Hanns Eisler". Afterwards, he was a sound director at VEB Deutsche Schallplatten Berlin and from 1977 to 1980, Meisterschüler [de] for composition with Ruth Zechlin and Georg Katzer at the Academy of Arts, Berlin. In 1991, he founded the Initiative Neue Musik Berlin [de]. From 1995 to 1998, he was chairman of the Berlin section of the Deutscher Komponistenverband [de]. From 2010 to 2013, he was chairman of the Berliner Gesellschaft für Neue Musik [de]. His works have been performed in Europe and the US.

## Film scores

* 1990: Sehnsucht [de]
* 1991: Tanz auf der Kippe [de]

## Awards

* 1983: Hans Stieber Prize
* 1985: Hanns Eisler Prize
* 1987: Critic prize of the Berliner Zeitung
# Dzembronia

Dzembronia (Ukrainian: Дземброня) may refer to the following places in Ukraine:
* Dzembronia (mountain)
* Dzembronia (village)
# Logone Occidental (region)

8°34′N 16°05′E﻿ / ﻿8.567°N 16.083°E﻿ / 8.567; 16.083
Logone Occidental is one of the 23 regions of Chad, located in the southwest of the country. Its capital is Moundou. It is coterminous with the former Logone Occidental Prefecture.

## Geography

The region borders Tandjilé Region to the north, Logone Oriental Region to the east and south, and Mayo-Kebbi Ouest Region to the west.

### Settlements

Moundou is the regional capital and second largest city in Chad; other major settlements in the region include Bao, Bébalem, Béïnamar, Béïssa, Békiri, Béladjia, Bémangra, Bénoye, Bourou, Déli, Dodinda, Doguindi, Krim Krim, Laoukassy, Mbalkabra, Mballa Banyo, Ngondong and Saar Gogné.

## Demographics

As per the Chadian census of 2009, the total population in the region was 683,293, 51.50 per cent female. The average size of household as of 2009 was 5.20: 5.20 in rural households and 4.90 in urban areas. The number of households was 132,349: 99,255 in rural areas and 33,094 in urban areas. The number of nomads in the region was 54, 0.01 per cent of the population. There were 682,235 people residing in private households. There were 299,305 over 18 years of age: 138,679 male and 160,626 female. The sex ratio was 94.00 females for every hundred males. There were 683,239 sedentary staff, 6.30 of the population.
Sara groups such as the Laka and Ngambay represent more than the 90% of the territory's population.

## Administration

The region of Logone Occidental is divided into four departments, namely, Dodjé (capital Beinamar), Guéni (capital Krim Krim), Lac Wey (capital Moundou) and Ngourkosso (capital Benoye). As a part of decentralisation in February 2003, the country was administratively split into regions, departments, municipalities and rural communities. The prefectures, which were originally 14 in number, were re-designated into 17 regions. The regions are administered by Governors appointed by the President. The Prefects, who originally held the responsibility of the 14 prefects, still retained the titles and were responsible for the administration of smaller departments in each region. The members of local assemblies are elected every six years, while the executive organs are elected every three years. As of 2016, there are totally 23 regions in Chad, which are divided based on population and administrative convenience.
# Monarchist Action League

The Monarchist Action League (Spanish: Liga de Acción Monárquica, LAM) was a political party during the Spanish Restoration period, that existed between 1919 and 1931. It was founded in the Basque Country by supporters of Alfonso XIII's monarchy to try to counteract the political hegemony that the Basque Nationalist Communion had at the time.
# Skyscope

Skyscope, also known as "The Secret" (Polish: widoczek, niebko, sekret, aniołek - skyview, secret, little angel), is a creative children's game, popular in Poland, Lithuania, and the 1960s Soviet Union.
The activity consists of creating some kind of a collage. In rarely visited places (often hidden parts of the backyard or school's playground), a hole was dug in the ground in which the child would put small items creating a visual composition, then cover them with a glass screen and bury them. The items used were usually common wild flowers, leaves, beads, pieces of aluminium foil or colourful wrappings and packages. The viewer privy to see Skyscope, in order to view it, had to clean the glass surface, sometimes using their own saliva.
The colour composition appearing in the hollow, randomly framed during cleansing, viewed through the thin glass, gives an artistic, often very unexpected and unpredictable effect created by the contrast with the surroundings. The game was popular in the cities at times when television was not commonly available.
# Julian Löschner

Julian Löschner (born 31 August 1996) is a German footballer who plays as a right-back for Schwaben Augsburg.

## Career

Löschner made his professional debut for Rot-Weiß Erfurt in the 3. Liga on 17 October 2015, starting in the home match against Fortuna Köln, which finished as a 0–2 loss.
# Bacta (river)

The Bacta ( Hungarian: Bakta-patak ) is a left tributary of the river Mureș in Transylvania, Romania. It discharges into the Mureș near Joseni. Its length is 11 km (6.8 mi) and its basin size is 39 km$^2$ (15 sq mi).
# Nikolay Muravyov-Karsky

Nikolay Nikolayevich Muravyov-Karsky (Russian: Николай Николаевич Муравьёв-Карский; 13 August 1794 – 4 November 1866) was an Imperial Russian military officer and General of the Russian Army. A member of the mighty Muravyov family. He became famous for the capture of Kars in the Crimean War, for which he was unofficially nicknamed Karsky ("of Kars").

## Biography

He founded a circle in Moscow that aimed to establish a republic on Sakhalin Island and was a member of the Sacred Artel circle (St. Petersburg, 1814–17; many members of both circles became Decembrists). In 1816 he was seconded to the commander of the Separate Georgian (from 1820 Separate Caucasian) Corps Lieutenant-General A. P. Yermolov, in 1817 he travelled to Persia as part of an extraordinary embassy. Muravyov took part in an expedition to the eastern shore of the Caspian Sea, negotiated with the Khan of Khiva on trade between the khanate and Russia (1819–20).
Muravyov fought well at Akhaltsikhe in the Russo-Turkish War (1828–29) and distinguished himself during the battle of Warsaw (1831) of the November Uprising. Continuing to serve in the military, he took active part in the fights of the Crimean War, being Namestnik and commander of the Separate Caucasus Corps (11.12.1854–3.8.1856). On his arrival in the Caucasus, in a letter to the general of the Infantry Yermolov he accused the Caucasian troops of loss of fighting spirit and "disorder, rooted in many years of careless management" (the letter and a polemical anonymous response to it by Prince D. I. Svyatopolk-Mirsky soon became public). For Muravyov's role in the Siege of Kars, captured on November 28, 1855 (according to Gregorian calendar), "Karski/Karsky" ("of Kars") was added to his surname in society and later in literature, although he did not officially receive this title.
In 1855 he tried to achieve a truce with Shamil. Instead of "formidable expeditions" against the highlanders, which, in his opinion, had no real result, he advocated increased colonization of the occupied territories. Disagreement with these proposals was the reason for his resignation. Member of the State Council (from 1856).

## Writings

* Война за Кавказом в 1855 году [War beyond the Caucasus in 1855]. Vols. 1–2. Saint Petersburg, 1876.
* Турция и Египет в 1832 и 1833 годах [Turkey and Egypt in 1832 and 1833]. Pts. 1–4. Moscow, 1870–1874.
* Путешествие в Туркмению и Хиву в 1819 и 1820 годах [Travelling to Turkmenia and Khiva in 1819 and 1820]. Pts. 1–2. Moscow, 1822.
* Русские на Босфоре [Russians on the Bosphorus]. Moscow, 1869.

## Notelist

* ↑ Julian calendar: 2 Aug. 1794 – 23 Oct. 1866

## Sources

* Terebov, O. V. (2023). "МУРАВЬЁВ-КАРСКИЙ НИКОЛАЙ НИКОЛАЕВИЧ". Great Russian Encyclopedia. Electronic version. Retrieved 30 October 2023.
* This biographical article related to the Russian military is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
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* 1 2 3 Terebov 2023.
# Romain Zingle

Romain Zingle (born 29 January 1987 in Lobbes) is a Belgian former cyclist, who competed professionally between 2009 and 2015 for the Verandas Willems and Cofidis teams.

## Major results
### 2008

    2nd Liège–Bastogne–Liège Espoirs
    2nd Paris–Tours Espoirs
    2nd Circuit de Wallonie
    10th Overall Circuit des Ardennes

### 2009

    1st Circuit de Wallonie
    2nd Overall Le Triptyque des Monts et Châteaux
    2nd Overall Circuit des Ardennes
    2nd Liège–Bastogne–Liège Espoirs
    3rd Time trial, National Under-23 Road Championships
    5th Paris–Mantes-en-Yvelines

### 2011

    7th Brabantse Pijl
    8th Overall Circuit de Lorraine

### 2013

    4th Polynormande
    8th Overall La Tropicale Amissa Bongo

### 2014

    9th Classic Loire Atlantique

### Grand Tour general classification results timeline

| Grand Tour | 2010 | 2011 | 2012 | 2013 | 2014 |
| Giro d'Italia | Did not contest during his career | Did not contest during his career | Did not contest during his career | Did not contest during his career | Did not contest during his career |
| Tour de France | — | 152 | 90 | — | — |
| Vuelta a España | 87 | — | — | 91 | 83 |
Legend :
| — | Did not compete |
| DNF | Did not finish |
# Ayyash ibn Abi Rabi'a

ʿAyyāsh ibn Abī Rabīʿa (Arabic: عياش بن أبي ربيعة) was one of the Islamic prophet Muhammad's companions who converted to Islam before the migration to Medina. He was also a half brother of Abu Jahl as they shared the same mother, and his paternal cousin.

## Imprisonment by Abu Jahl

Ayyash was one of the immigrants who went to Medina before Muhammad. He migrated with Umar ibn Khattab. Abu Jahl decided to get him back and spread a false story that Ayyash's mother was ill. Abu Jahl went to Medina with his brother Harith and told Ayyash that his mother was ill. Umar warned Ayyash not to go, and gave his own healthy camel to Ayyash to help him escape if needed. On the way to Mecca, Abu Jahl tied Ayyash and took him to Mecca and then imprisoned him.

## Muhammad's prayer

Salama ibn Hisham said that Abu Hurayra said that Muhammad used to pray, "O' Allah, rescue Ayyash ibn Abi Rabia! O' Allah, rescue Salama ibn Hisham! O' Allah, rescue al-Walid ibn al-Walid! O' Allah, rescue all oppressed believers!" (Sahih Bukhari: 6541)

## Death

Ayyash participated in the Battle of Yarmouk in 636 AD and was killed in the battle. He was buried with his brother, Salama, and his nephew, Ikrimah. He was killed during the 2nd year of his nephew Umar ibn Al Khattab's caliphate.
# Lima Convention Center

The Lima Convention Center (Spanish: Lima Centro de Convenciones; LCC), also known as the 27 January Convention Center (Spanish: Centro de Convenciones 27 de Enero) is a convention centre in San Borja, Lima, Peru. It is located in the cultural center of the city of Lima, around the Museo de la Nación and the National Library of Peru, in an area of 10,884 m$^2$. It was inaugurated on October 1, 2015.
The complex has the capacity to accommodate around 10,000 people, has 18 rooms and four levels of basements and 4 floors of an auditorium.
The building hosted the 2016 APEC summit and the 8th Summit of the Americas in 2018, among others.
# Razi Nesa

Razi Nesa (Persian: رضي نسا, also Romanized as Raẕī Nesā and Razī Nesā) is a village in Sardar-e Jangal Rural District, Sardar-e Jangal District, Fuman County, Gilan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 16, in 5 families.
# Mario Müller

Mario Müller (born 16 January 1992) is a German professional footballer who plays as a left-back or left midfielder for Astoria Walldorf.

## Career

After playing youth football with Waldhof Mannheim and Karlsruher SC and senior football with Karlsruher SC II, 1. FC Kaiserslautern II and Eintracht Trier, Müller signed for Regionalliga Südwest side 1. FC Saarbrücken on a two-year contract in summer 2016.

## Personal life

Müller was born in Mannheim. He is the stepson of Alois Schwartz.
# Master of the Friedberg Altarpiece

The Master of the Friedberg Altarpiece (German: Meister des Friedberger Altars) was an otherwise unknown German painter, active at the end of the fourteenth century. He is named for an altarpiece painted for the church of Saint Mary in Friedberg, Hesse, known as the Greater Friedberg Altarpiece, currently in a museum collection in Darmstadt.
* This article about a German painter is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
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# Novohnativka

Novohnativka (Ukrainian: Новогнатівка; Russian: Новогнатовка) is a village in Volnovakha Raion (district) in Donetsk Oblast of eastern Ukraine, at 53 km SSW from the centre of Donetsk city. Novohnativka is administratively subordinated to village council of Mykolaivka.

## Russo-Ukrainian War

During the War in Donbass, in February 2016, an attempt was made by two groups of pro-Russian scouts to attack Ukrainian forces from the direction of Dokuchaievsk along the Novotroitske-Mykolaivka–Novohnativka stretch.
The village has been under the Russian occupation since February 24, 2022, when DPR's 1st Separate Guards Motorized Rifle Brigade took over the settlement and two other nearby villages of Bohdanivka and Mykolaivka in the Volnovakha urban hromada.

## Demographics

According to census of 1897 the population of the settlement was 1089. According to Ukrainian Census of 2001 the population of the village was 722, native language of whom was as follows:
* Ukrainian 19.53%
* Russian 78.53%
* Moldovan (Romanian) 0.83%
* Armenian 0.55%
# Ottenstein Plateau

The Ottenstein Plateau (German: Ottensteiner Hochebene or Ottensteiner Hochfläche) is part of the Lower Saxon Weser Uplands and lies between Bodenwerder and Bad Pyrmont.
Compared with the surrounding area of the Weser and Emmer valleys, the plateau is a largely open plain, about 200 m higher, and which lies between 250 and 350 metres above sea level. Its highest elevation is 376 m above sea level (NN) and lies not far from the village of Eichenborn.
Agriculture and wind power characterise the landscape. In the centre is the small town of Ottenstein. Other villages are Kleinenberg, Großenberg, Eichenborn, Baarsen and Neersend in the borough of Bad Pyrmont, Lüntorf in the borough of Emmerthal, Lichtenhagen in the borough of Ottenstein and Vahlbruch. The Ottenstein Plateau lies near the tourist attractions of the Köterberg and the so-called Rühle Switzerland (Rühler Schweiz).
At the beginning of 2004 twelve villages started the AEP (Agricultural Development Planning) of the Ottenstein Plateau. Since 2005 a rapeseed flower queen has been chosen at the annual rapeseed flower festival; she then represents the region.
# Kyron

Kyron may refer to:
* Kyron (given name)
* SsangYong Kyron, a sport utility vehicle
# Gun Dughdi, Bostanabad

Gun Dughdi (Persian: گوندوغدي, also Romanized as Gūn Dūghdī and Gūndūghdī) is a village in Sahandabad Rural District, Tekmeh Dash District, Bostanabad County, East Azerbaijan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 189, in 39 families.
# Abri Tappeh

Abri Tappeh (Persian: ابري تپه, also Romanized as Abrī Tappeh) is a village in Azari Rural District, in the Central District of Esfarayen County, North Khorasan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 259, in 59 families.
# Babikovka

Babikovka (Russian: Бабиковка) is a rural locality (a village) in Malyginskoye Rural Settlement, Kovrovsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 8 as of 2010.

## Geography

Babikovka is located 20 km north of Kovrov (the district's administrative centre) by road. Rogozinikha is the nearest rural locality.
# Avdotyino, Kovrovsky District, Vladimir Oblast

Avdotyino (Russian: Авдотьино) is a rural locality (a village) in Malyginskoye Rural Settlement, Kovrovsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 62 as of 2010.

## Geography

Avdotyino is located 16 km north of Kovrov (the district's administrative centre) by road. Shirokovo is the nearest rural locality.
# Ihor Kopytin

Ihor Volodymyrovych Kopytin (Ukrainian: Ігор Володимирович Копитін; born 12 February 1981) is a Ukrainian politician currently serving as a People's Deputy of Ukraine representing Ukraine's 129th electoral district as a member of Servant of the People since 2019.

## Early life and career

Ihor Volodymyrovych Kopytin was born on 12 February 1981 in the city of Legnica in southwestern Poland, then under the rule of the Polish People's Republic. He is a graduate of Odesa University, specialising in jurisprudence. From 2009, he worked in the sale and maintenance of aeroplanes and helicopters, as well as training pilots. He previously served as head of several IT startups. Prior to his election, Kopytin was also the head of the international spare parts exchange at Avtomodern TOV, as well as a European Champion in hand-to-hand combat in 2009.

## Political career

During the 2019 Ukrainian parliamentary election, Kopytin was the candidate of Servant of the People for the office of People's Deputy of Ukraine in Ukraine's 129th electoral district, located in Ukraine's southern Mykolaiv Oblast. At the time of the election, he was an independent. He was successfully elected, winning the election with 38.28% of the vote. In second place was incumbent People's Deputy Oleksandr Zholobetskyi (running as an independent), who gathered 16.02% of the vote.
In the Verkhovna Rada (Ukrainian parliament), Kopytin joined the Servant of the People faction, as well as the Verkhovna Rada Committee on National Security, Defence, and Intelligence. In 2022, Kopytin was criticised by anti-corruption non-governmental organisation Chesno for his vote in favour of urban planning reform, which Chesno claimed would place reconstruction of Ukraine following the Russo-Ukrainian War in the hands of developers, rather than ordinary people.
# Zolotukha, Vladimir Oblast

Zolotukha (Russian: Золотуха) is a rural locality (a settlement) in Ilyinskoye Rural Settlement, Kolchuginsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 281 as of 2010. There are 18 streets.

## Geography

Zolotukha is located on the Peksha River, 19 km north of Kolchugino (the district's administrative centre) by road. Aleksino is the nearest rural locality.
# Eskandari, Iran

Eskandari (Persian: اسكندري, also Romanized as Eskandarī) is a village in Charam Rural District, in the Central District of Charam County, Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 33, in 6 families.
# Slugino

Slugino (Russian: Слугино) is a rural locality (a village) in Razdolyevskoye Rural Settlement, Kolchuginsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 3 as of 2010.

## Geography

Slugino is located 21 km south of Kolchugino (the district's administrative centre) by road. Pozdnyakovo is the nearest rural locality.
# Shustino

Shustino (Russian: Шустино) is a rural locality (a village) in Razdolyevskoye Rural Settlement, Kolchuginsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 21 as of 2010.

## Geography

Shustino is located 9 km south of Kolchugino (the district's administrative centre) by road. Novy is the nearest rural locality.
# Ghadir-e Sab

Ghadir-e Sab (Persian: غديرسبع, also Romanized as Ghadīr-e Sab‘; also known as 'Qadīr-e Sab‘ and Qadīr Sab‘) is a village in Abdoliyeh-ye Sharqi Rural District, in the Central District of Ramshir County, Khuzestan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 114, in 20 families.
# Metallist, Vladimir Oblast

Metallist (Russian: Металлист) is a rural locality (a settlement) and the administrative center of Florishchinskoye Rural Settlement, Kolchuginsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 474 as of 2010.

## Geography

Metallist is located 13 km northwest of Kolchugino (the district's administrative centre) by road. Kozhino is the nearest rural locality.
# Maloye Bratsevo

Maloye Bratsevo (Russian: Малое Братцево) is a rural locality (a village) in Ilyinskoye Rural Settlement, Kolchuginsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. As of 2010, the population was 5, and the village had 2 streets.

## Geography

Maloye Bratsevo is located 20 km north of Kolchugino (the district's administrative centre) by road. Bolshoye Bratsevo is the nearest rural locality.
# Azizi-ye Olya

Azizi-ye Olya (Persian: عزيزي عليا, also Romanized as Azīzī-ye ‘Olyā and ‘Azīzī ‘Olyā; also known as ‘Azīzī and ‘Azīzī-ye Bālā) is a village in Sarfaryab Rural District, Sarfaryab District, Charam County, Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 46, in 9 families.
# Huldrebreen

Huldrebreen is a glacier in Oscar II Land at Spitsbergen, Svalbard. It is surrounded by the mountains of Huldrehatten, Huldrefjellet and Bytingen, west in the mountainous district of Trollheimen. Huldrebreen and Austgötabreen are located north of the glacier complex of Eidembreen. The glacier is named after Hulder in Scandinavian folklore.
# Kliny (settlement), Kolchuginsky District, Vladimir Oblast

Kliny (Russian: Клины) is a rural locality (a settlement) in Bavlenskoye Rural Settlement, Kolchuginsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 36 as of 2010.

## Geography

Kliny is located 23 km northeast of Kolchugino (the district's administrative centre) by road. Kliny (selo) is the nearest rural locality.
# Kashino, Kolchuginsky District, Vladimir Oblast

Kashino (Russian: Кашино) is a rural locality (a village) in Razdolyevskoye Rural Settlement, Kolchuginsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 9 as of 2010. There are 5 streets.

## Geography

Kashino is located 37 km south of Kolchugino (the district's administrative centre) by road. Vaulovo is the nearest rural locality.
# Golyazh

Golyazh (Russian: Гольяж) is a rural locality (a village) in Kolchugino, Kolchuginsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 55 as of 2010.

## Geography

Golyazh is located on the Peksha River, 9 km north of Kolchugino (the district's administrative centre) by road. Litvinovo is the nearest rural locality.
# Glyadki

Glyadki (Russian: Глядки) is a rural locality (a village) in Bavlenskoye Rural Settlement, Kolchuginsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 7 as of 2010.

## Geography

Glyadki is located 23 km northeast of Kolchugino (the district's administrative centre) by road. Bavleny is the nearest rural locality.
# Dmitriyevsky Pogost

Dmitriyevsky Pogost (Russian: Дмитриевский Погост) is a rural locality (a village) in Kolchugino, Kolchuginsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 14 as of 2010.

## Geography

Dmitriyevsky Pogost is located on the Peksha River, 5 km east of Kolchugino (the district's administrative centre) by road. Litvinovo is the nearest rural locality.