OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Wittingen-Oebisfelde Light Railway

The Wittingen-Oebisfelde Light Railway (German: Kleinbahn Wittingen–Oebisfelde) was a railway company in Germany that operated passenger and goods trains on the 43 kilometre long Wittingen–Oebisfelde railway.

## History

The Wittingen–Oebisfelde Light Railway opened its line from Wittingen to Brome on 15 September 1909 and, on 20 November of the same year, to the terminus at Oebisfelde Nord, the last section of which lay in the Prussian Province of Saxony (today Saxony-Anhalt). By 1843 it had drawn up plans to build a link from Uelzen via Brome to the southeast. Initially, however, the Uelzen–Wittingen–Gifhorn line was built. This route lay entirely on the territory of the Kingdom of Hanover, whilst the line to Oebisfelde ran to Prussia. In 1900 after plans to build a state railway line came to nothing, there were attempts to found a light railway or Kleinbahn. Its sponsors were the numerous local parishes, other regional bodies such as the Kingdoms of Prussia and Hanover and the Brunswick Land as well as several private investors. The reason for the railway was the requirement to transport agricultural produce and goods. Farmers promised themselves lower transportation costs for the delivery of fertilizer in a region with few fertile soils. That would, in turn, increase yields which the railway could dispatch.
In 1909 operations began with four steam locomotives from the firm of Borsig hauling passenger and goods trains. The station at Wittingen West was also used from the outset by the Celle–Wittingen Light Railway and the Altmärkische Light Railway. In 1924/25 a steam engine was procured from Hanomag in Hanover.
The high workload of the route is evinced, for example, by figures from the year 1928. That year six locomotives hauled 100,000 passengers and about 125,000 tonnes of freight. In 1933 and 1938 two railbuses were bought. In 1939 on three pairs of trains ran on the line each day. In addition there was a Kleinbahn Bus on the Brome–Wittingen section.
In 1944 the company was merged into the East Hanoverian Railways (Osthannoversche Eisenbahnen) along with several other firms.
In 2008 the line from Wittingen to Rühen largely still exists.

## Sources

* Klaus-Peter Sebastian (Herausgeber): Die Geschichte der Kleinbahnen im Isenhagener Land; Der OHE-Bahnbetrieb im Landkreis Gifhorn. Landkreis Gifhorn, Museumsverein Gifhorn e. V. und Heimatverein Brome e. V., Gifhorn 2001, ISBN 3-929632-50-0
* Hans Wolfgang Rogl: Die Osthannoverschen Eisenbahnen. alba-Verlag, 3. Auflage, Düsseldorf 1996, ISBN 3-87094-232-0
* Gerd Wolff: Deutsche Klein- und Privatbahnen. Band 10: Niedersachsen 2. Zwischen Weser und Elbe. EK-Verlag, Freiburg 2007, S. 280–295, ISBN 978-3-88255-669-8
# Aminabad, Ardabil

Aminabad (Persian: امين اباد, also Romanized as Amīnābād) is a village in Mehmandust Rural District, Kuraim District, Nir County, Ardabil Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 132, in 33 families.
# Longue pointe

Longue Pointe or Longue-Pointe, may refer to:
* Longue Pointe, a peninsula in Chisasibi, James Bay district, northern Quebec, Canada; on James Bay
* Longue-Pointe-de-Mingan (since 1997), a municipality in Minganie, Cote-Nord, Quebec, Canada; on the Gulf of Saint-Lawrence; formerly named "Longue-Pointe" (1966-1997)
* Longue Pointe peninsula, Lake Evans (Quebec), Canada; in the James Bay district, northern Quebec
* Parish of Longue-Pointe, a former civil parish on Montreal Island, Quebec, Canada; the eastern portion of the island, now part of the city of Montreal; see Municipal history of Quebec
** Longue-Pointe, a former village, a neighbourhood in Mercier, Mercier-Hochelaga-Maisonneuve, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
*** CFB Longue-Pointe, a Canadian Armed Forces military base in Longue-Pointe, Mercier, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
** Battle of Longue-Pointe (1775), a battle on Montreal Island, Quebec, Canada; during the American War of Independence
* Longue-Pointe Division, a 19th-century military unit of Quebec militia that are now part of the Canadian Army regiment Fusiliers Mont-Royal
* 822 Longue-Pointe shuttle, a Montreal bus service; see List of STM bus routes
# Carl Andersen

Carl Andersen may refer to:
* Carl Andersen (gymnast) (1879–1967), Danish architect who competed as a gymnast in the 1906 and 1908 Olympics
* Carl Rudolf Andersen (1899–1983), Danish gymnast who competed in the 1920 Olympics
* Carl Albert Andersen (1876–1951), Norwegian pole vaulter, high jumper, and gymnast
* Carl Thorvald Andersen (1835–1916), Danish architect
* Carl-Ebbe Andersen (1929–2009), Danish rower
* Herman Carl Andersen (1897–1978), U.S. Representative from Minnesota
* Carl Joachim Andersen (1847–1909), Danish flutist, conductor and composer
# Dafi

Dafi (Persian: دافي) is a village in Kadkan Rural District of Kadkan District, Torbat-e Heydarieh County, Razavi Khorasan province, Iran.

## Demographics
### Population

At the time of the 2006 National Census, the village's population was 1,845 in 390 households. The following census in 2011 counted 1,918 people in 545 households. The 2016 census measured the population of the village as 2,251 people in 653 households. It was the most populous village in its rural district.
# Teyf

Teyf, Teif (Hebrew: טייף), sometimes Taif, Tayf, is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Leonid Teyf, Russian-Israeli businessman and accused white-collar criminal
* Moisei Teif (1904-1966), Yiddish-language Soviet Jewish poet
# The Marksman (1953 film)

The Marksman is a 1953 American Western film directed by Lewis D. Collins and starring Wayne Morris, Elena Verdugo and Frank Ferguson.

## Cast

* Wayne Morris as Deputy Marshal Mike Martin
* Elena Verdugo as Jane Warren
* Frank Ferguson as Champ Wiley
* Rick Vallin as Leo Santee
* I. Stanford Jolley as Marshal Bob Scott
* Tom Powers as Lt. Governor Watson
* Robert Bice as henchman Kincaid
* Stanley Price as outlaw
* Russ Whiteman as rustler
* Brad Johnson as rider
* William Fawcett as freight agent
* Jack Rice as clerk
* Tim Ryan as stagecoach driver
# Chaw Su Khin

Chaw Su Khin (Burmese: ချောစုခင်) is a Bamar-Mizo Burmese pop singer, known for her powerful voice. As of 2018, she had released 13 solo albums.
Born in Insein Township, Burma, she spent her formative years between Insein and Pinlebu Township, Sagaing Division, as one of four siblings. She began her musical career in the 1970s, earning money performing with her brother at a restaurant in Pinlebu.
She debuted with an album entitled Sunlight's Kiss (နေရောင်ခြည်ရဲ့ အနမ်း). A subsequent album, The Power of Compassion (အကြင်နာအင်အား), released in 2000, was a mainstream commercial success, and propelled her to fame. She held her first solo concert in 2018.

## Discography

* Sunlight's Kiss (နေရောင်ခြည်ရဲ့ အနမ်း)
* The Power of Compassion (အကြင်နာအင်အား) (2000)
* The Day We Meet Again (ပြန်ဆုံမယ့်နေ့) (2020)

## Personal life

Chaw Su Khin is married and has two daughters. Her cousin Kay Kay Moe is also a singer.
# Population Connection

Population Connection (formerly Zero Population Growth or ZPG) is a US-based non-profit organization that educates young people and advocates for progressive policies to stabilize world population at a level that can be sustained by Earth's resources.

## History

Population Connection was founded in 1968 under the name "Zero Population Growth" or ZPG by Paul R. Ehrlich, Richard Bowers, and Charles Remington in the wake of Paul and Anne Ehrlich's influential but controversial book The Population Bomb. The organization adopted its current name in 2002.

## Issues and campaigns

* Connections between population, health, and the environment, in the United States and around the world
* U.S. foreign assistance funding for international family planning
* U.S. funding for the domestic family planning program for low-income Americans, Title X
* Ending U.S. policies that restrict access to family planning and reproductive health care, including abortion, domestically (e.g. Hyde Amendment) and internationally (e.g. Mexico City policy, Helms Amendment, restrictions on funding for UNFPA)
* Comprehensive (as opposed to abstinence-only) sex education for American teens
* Development of material for introduction to K-12 curricula to "educate American and Canadian students on population challenges".
* Publication of a quarterly magazine

## Criticisms

Betsy Hartmann, author of "Reproductive Rights and Wrongs" in 1987 criticised ZPG for inciting fear of population growth that she claims led to millions of sterilizations in China, India, Mexico, Bolivia, Peru, Indonesia, Bangladesh, and elsewhere. Writing in On the Issues magazine in 2009, Hartmann said she received some "junk mail" from the organisation and commented that "According to ZPG, you can blame just about everything on population growth, from traffic congestion, overcrowded schools and childhood asthma to poverty, famine and global warming." In her book The America Syndrome: Apocalypse, War, and Our Call to Greatness, Hartmann is again critical of the organization, noting that as the year 2000 millennium approached, the company launched a campaign that tried to link the birth of the world’s six billionth child to the coming Y2K global computer crash, a disaster that never materialized.
# Voionmaa

Voionmaa is a Finnish surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Hannele Voionmaa (1953–2016), Finnish diplomat
* Tapio Voionmaa (1896–1960), Finnish diplomat
* Väinö Voionmaa (1869–1947), Finnish professor, diplomat and politician
# Illiriia

Illiriia (Ukrainian: Іллірія) is a village in Lutuhyne urban hromada, Luhansk Raion, Luhansk Oblast (region), Ukraine. The population of Illiriia is 646 people. It has since 2014 been administered as a part of the de facto Luhansk People's Republic.
48°24′11″N 38°59′35″E﻿ / ﻿48.40306°N 38.99306°E﻿ / 48.40306; 38.99306
* This article about a location in Luhansk Oblast is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
# Notable Speech

Notable Speech (foaled 10 March 2021) is a Thoroughbred racehorse. He is trained in Great Britain by Charlie Appleby and owned by Godolphin. He gained his biggest success to date when winning the 2000 Guineas Stakes in April 2024, ridden by William Buick. Notable Speech won the 2000 Guineas in his first race on turf, and became the first horse since 1938 to win the race without running as a two-year-old.
# Kamal Abu Eita

Kamal Abu Eita (also spelled Abu 'Ayta; Arabic: كمال أبو عيطة) is a long-time Egyptian trade unionist and former government minister. As a civil servant at the Real Estate Tax Authority, Abu Eita led a successful struggle for trade union autonomy against the state-controlled Egyptian Trade Union Federation (ETUF) during the Mubarak regime. A prominent figure during the 2011 Egyptian Revolution he helped found the country's first independent union confederation, the Egyptian Federation of Independent Trade Unions (EFITU). Elected to the People's Assembly following the democratic parliamentary election of 2011-12, Abu-Eita served as Minister of Manpower and Immigration between July 2013 and March 2014.

## Pre-January 25 Revolution

As a long-time activist, he organized labor movements and led the challenge against the state-affiliated Egyptian Trade Union Federation. In 2007, he led major strikes and sit-ins outside the Ministry of Manpower - the institution he would lead six years later.
He was active in supporting the January 25th revolution. For several years he was a member of the outlawed Nasserist Dignity Party. He represented the party as an MP after being elected in 2011, having run as a member of the FJP-affiliated Democratic Alliance for Egypt.

## Post-January 25

He gained notoriety for helping to establish the Real Estate Tax Authority Independent General Union in 2009 - the country’s first independent trade union. The move was aggressively rejected by the state-tied Egyptian Trade Union Federation.

### Egyptian Federation of Independent Trade Unions (EFITU)

While a senior leader of the EFITU, the CTUWS decided to withdraw from the union. By October 2011 the CTUWS and 148 other unions established the EDLC. In the 2014, the EDLC and EFITU are estimated to represent nearly two million Egyptian workers.

### Minister of Manpower

Abu-Eita was originally appointed Minister of Manpower during the 2012 Morsi Cabinet. His appointment was aggressively rejected by the ETUF, viewing him as animus towards the group.
Upon being nominated to the ministry, he announced that his primary objective as minister would be promoting the long-sought minimum wage law. The law would raise public sector salaries from a minimum of £E700 to £E1,200 per month.
Only month after being appointed Minister, security forces crushed a strike at the Suez Steel Company. Abu Eita reportedly did not comment on the issue. Members of the EFITU executive committee would later complain about Abu Eita's committing the union to abandoning "the strike weapon" at times, without consultation. In this way, he was seen as instrumentalizing the independent union rather than representing its interests.

### Political views

Responding to reports that he advocated the teaching of capitalism, Abu-Eita said "I am a Nasserist and I do not support capitalism."
Abu-Eita was co-founder of the Nasserist Dignity Party.
# Levin Rauch

Baron Levin Rauch de Nyék (Hungarian: báró nyéki Rauch Levin; 6 October 1819 – 25 August 1890) was an Austrian-Hungarian politician and appointed Ban of Croatia-Slavonia between 1867 and 1871. He is most notable for securing victory of the Unionist Party through changing the election law and terrorising those who were able to vote.

## Life

His father was Dániel Freiherr Rauch de Nyék (1778–1831), while his mother was Erzsébet Farkas de Nagyjóka (1787–1858). His grandfather was Pál Freiherr Rauch de Nyék (c.1739–1815), colonel, who received on 6 April 1763 from Queen Maria Theresia the title of Freiherr (or Baron). His paternal grandmother was Anna Szegedy de Mezőszeged. Pál Freiherr Rauch de Nyék was promoted to major-general in 1765.
Rauch was a member of the unionist party that advocated an integration of Croatia and Kingdom of Hungary. After the Revolutions of 1848, Croatia became a Habsburg crown territory separate from Hungary, but when the Austrian-Hungarian Ausgleich was signed, Austria-Hungary was created and Rauch was appointed as the acting ban (or viceroy) of Croatia on 27 June 1867. By this, the Croatian autonomy within the Hungarian kingdom was automatically abolished. During this time a new Croatian–Hungarian Settlement was negotiated and put in effect by which Croatia reinstated some of its earlier autonomy, but also lost some other rights. Rauch was made the official ban on 8 December 1868 and remained in office until 26 January 1871.
# Zaozerny, Amur Oblast

Zaozerny (Russian: Заозёрный) is a rural locality (a settlement) in Trudovoy Selsoviet of Oktyabrsky District, Amur Oblast, Russia. The population was 63 as of 2018. There are 7 streets.

## Geography

Zaozerny is located 59 km southwest of Yekaterinoslavka (the district's administrative centre) by road. Trudovoy is the nearest rural locality.
# Abd al-Razzaq al-San'ani

Abd al-Razzaq ibn Hammam ibn Nafi' al-San'ani (Arabic: عبد الرزاق بن همام بن نافع الصنعاني, romanized: ʿAbd al-Razzāq ibn Hammām ibn Nāfiʿ al-Ṣanʿānī, 744 – January 827 CE, 126–211 AH), a Yemeni hadith scholar who compiled a hadith collection known as the Musannaf of Abd al-Razzaq.

## Biography

Abd al-Razzaq was born in 126 AH/744 CE to a father who was a hadith scholar. At the age of 20, he began his studies in Sanaa where he was a student of Ma'mar ibn Rashid for eight years, also learning under Ibn Jurayj, Sufyan ibn ʽUyaynah and Sufyan al-Thawri. In pursuit of hadith, Abd al-Razzaq journeyed to the Hejaz, Syria and Iraq. When attending the lectures of scholars to learn hadith through audition, he reportedly brought several scribes with him to assist in recording them. In the latter half of the second Hijri century, he compiled his own musannaf, consisting mostly of traditions transmitted by his teachers. He also taught hadith. Among those who transmitted from him were Yaḥya ibn Maʻin, Ali ibn al-Madini and Ahmad ibn Hanbal. He died in mid-Shawwal 211 AH/early January 827 CE.

## Works

* Musannaf of Abd al-Razzaq
* Tafsir book that was included in Mustadrak al-Hakem
# Georgios Lechouritis

Georgios Papadopoulos (Greek: Γεώργιος Παπαδόπουλος; Lechouri, d. 1854), known as Georgios Lechouritis (Γεώργιος Λεχουρίτης) was a fighter of the Greek Revolution.
He was born in the village of Lechouri, where his family's historic tower still stands. His brothers were Anagnostis and Nikolaos. As the commander of a force from Kalavryta, he participated in the battles of Levidi, Lalas, Dervenakia, Nafplion, and Valtetsi. He fought during all three of Ibrahim Pasha's invasions in Kalavryta, and mainly in the villages of Sopoto και Karnesi. He fought in the siege of the Acropolis in 1827, where he was wounded in the leg. He died of cholera in 1854 in Lechouri, where during the last years of his life.
# Anaxagoreia

The Anaxagoreia (Ancient Greek: Αναξαγόρεια) was a day of rest in ancient Lampsacus, during which children were forbidden to play outside the house. This "holiday" was dedicated to the philosopher Anaxagoras, who had been persecuted in Athens and sought refuge in Lampsacus. The celebration was held annually and continued until the time of Diogenes Laertius.
According to him, shortly before Anaxagoras died, the senate of Lampsacus sent messengers to ask what would be the best way to honor him. He replied, "Let all the boys have a day off to play on the anniversary of my death!"
# Condylon

Condylon or Kondylon or Condylum (Ancient Greek: Κόνδυλον) or Kondylos was one of the four fortresses which defended the Vale of Tempe in ancient Thessaly. It was also called Gonno-Condylon, and was one of the towns of the Perrhaebi.
Condylon's site is at a place now called Zesti Vrysi.
# Martin Yeritsyan

Martin Shahen Yeritsyan (Armenian: Մարտին Շահենի Երիցյան, 31 January 1932 – 20 February 2022) was an Armenian violinist, maker of musical instruments, luthier and winemaker. Professor of the Komitas State Conservatory of Yerevan.

## Biography

Son of Shahen Yeritsyan, the founder of winemaking in Armenia, Martin was born in Yerevan, Armenia. He graduated from the Komitas State Conservatory of Yerevan and soon entered the Armenian Philharmonic Quartet as a second violinist. In 1969, as a member of the quartet, he participated in the Queen Elisabeth Competition in Brussels. He toured in France, Italy, Russia and other countries. He taught at the chair of the quartet of the Yerevan Komitas State Conservatory (professor). In 1985 he left for Czechoslovakia, where he worked with the famous winemaker Vladimir Pilarji in his workshop.
Yeritsyan made many different stringed musical instruments, mainly focusing on violins. He wrote in Latin inside the musical instruments: "Martin Yeritsyan, son of Shahen", also indicates "Made in Yerevan" and the year of manufacture.
He died on 20 February 2022, at the age of 90.

## Awards

Yeritsyan received many awards and diplomas, including:
* Prize of the Stradivarius International Competition in Italy, 1980
* Medal for Merit, 2020
# Kazazis

Kazazis (Greek: Καζάζης) is a Greek surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Dimitrios Kazazis (born 1966), Greek volleyball player and coach
* Neoklis Kazazis (1849–1936), Greek lawyer, university professor, and writer
# Grigoryevka

Grigoryevka (Russian: Григорьевка) is a rural locality (a selo) in Dalnevostochny Selsoviet of Romnensky District, Amur Oblast, Russia. The population was 77 as of 2018. There are 2 streets.

## Geography

Grigoryevka is located 53 km southwest of Romny (the district's administrative centre) by road. Vysokoye and Dalnevostochnoye are the nearest rural localities.
# Roztoky, Svidník District

Roztoky (Hungarian: Végrosztoka) is a village and municipality in Svidník District in the Prešov Region of north-eastern Slovakia.

## History

In historical records the village was first mentioned in 1435.

## Geography

The municipality lies at an altitude of 374 metres and covers an area of 11.263 km². It has a population of about 281 people.
# Kreminna Raion

Kreminna Raion (Ukrainian: Кремінський район) was a raion (district) of Luhansk Oblast in eastern Ukraine. The administrative center of the raion was the town of Kreminna. The raion was abolished on 18 July 2020 as part of the administrative reform of Ukraine, which reduced the number of raions of Luhansk Oblast to eight, of which only four were controlled by the government. The last estimate of the raion population was 37,753 (2020 est.).

## Demographics

As of the 2001 Ukrainian census:

### Ethnicity

* Ukrainians: 85.1%
* Russians: 13.5%
* Belarusians: 0.5%
# Denis Shevchuk

Denis Vitalyevich Shevchuk (Russian: Денис Витальевич Шевчук; born 23 January 1992) is a Russian former football player. Until 2014 he held Ukrainian citizenship as Denys Vitaliyovych Shevchuk (Ukrainian: Денис Віталійович Шевчук).

## Club career

He made his debut in the Russian Football National League for FC Baltika Kaliningrad on 24 September 2017 in a game against FC Tom Tomsk and scored the winning goal in his team 2–1 victory.
On 26 June 2019, Shevchuk signed for Ararat Yerevan. On 5 December 2019, Shevchuk left Ararat Moscow after making one appearance for the club.
# Standard Chartered Bank Nepal

Standard Chartered Nepal (officially Standard Chartered Bank Nepal Limited; Nepali: स्टान्डर्ड चार्टर्ड बैंक नेपाल लिमिटेड) is a banking and financial services company in Nepal and a subsidiary of Standard Chartered PLC. Currently it is the only international commercial bank operating in the country.

## History

It was established on 30 January 1987, with 70.21% ownership by Standard Chartered Group and 29.79% ownership by the Nepalese public.
Based on a study by University of Nottingham, Standard Chartered Nepal brought positive changes to the local community in terms of setting up a role model of ESG goals.