OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Territorial Troops (Kazakhstan)

The Territorial Troops (Kazakh: aумақтық əскерлері, Russian: Территориальные войска) are a volunteer paramilitary service of the Armed Forces of the Republic of Kazakhstan. Instead of being an independent service branch of the Armed Forces of Kazakhstan, it reports directly to the Ministry of Defense of Kazakhstan.
There are currently 16 departmental like territorial defense brigades stationed in 14 regions, as well as the capital and largest city of Nur-Sultan and Almaty. The independent defense brigades are designed to perform tasks within the internal borders of the administrative regions, similarly to State defense forces or National Guard in the United States.
During wartime situations, the territorial units have the potential to grow up to a size of over 60,000 military personnel.

## History

On November 6, 2001, President Nursultan Nazarbayev signed a secret presidential decree that called for a regulated organization to deal with defending the internal borders of Kazakh territory. Just close to 15 years later, in December 2015, the president approved a concept developed by the military which provided the basis for the territorial troops. The following March, the National government established the Main Directorate of Territorial Defense in the General Staff to act as the management body for the territorial troops.
For the first time in May 2017, a combined inter-regional contingent (East Kazakhstan, South Kazakhstan and the City of Astana) took part in the Defender of the Fatherland Day Military Parade on Astana's Independence Square, celebrating the 25th anniversary of the formation of the military. Since September 2017, the Territorial Troops have been included in the military doctrine of Kazakhstan.

## Command Structure

* Supreme Command Headquarters – The highest authority in the armed forces, declares the period of mobilization, martial law, and general defense of the territory
* Ministry of Defense – An authorized body responsible for the implementation of a unified state policy in the field of territorial defense
* General Staff – It coordinates the planning of territorial defense, organizes the actions of forces and equipment involved in the performance of territorial defense tasks, and exercises overall leadership of territorial troops
* Main Directorate of Territorial Defense of the Armed Forces (GUTO) – A working body of the General Staff that provides general leadership to the territorial troops
* Local administrative bodies
* Territorial Defense Brigades – They are the military components that are spread around the country and make up the composition of the Territorial Troops.
# Chandan Dasgupta

Chandan Dasgupta (Bengali: চন্দন দাশগুপ্ত), (born 1951) is an Indian theoretical physicist known for his contributions in condensed matter physics and statistical physics. He is at present a professor at Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore. He was the former dean of Undergraduate Program at Indian Institute of Science.

## Biography

Chandan Dasgupta earned his BSc degree in 1971 from Presidency College, University of Calcutta and MSc degree from Delhi University in 1973. He did his doctoral research at the University of Pennsylvania, USA under the supervision of Professor AB Harris and obtained PhD degree in Physics in 1978. Subsequently, he did post-doctoral research at the University of California, San Diego with Shang-keng Ma and at Harvard University with Bertrand Halperin, and worked as a faculty member in the School of Physics and Astronomy of the University of Minnesota for a few years. He joined the Indian Institute of Science in 1987, where, at present, he is a Professor.
Professor Dasgupta played a major role in the establishment of the Centre for Condensed Matter Theory at the Indian Institute of Science in 1998 and acted as the Convenor of the Centre (1998-2005). He is an Honorary Professor at the Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research and holds a Visiting Professorship at the University of Minnesota, USA.

## Research

Prof Chandan Dasgupta's area of specialization is theoretical condensed matter physics with emphasis on statistical mechanics.
* Supercooled liquids and the glass transition
* Superconductivity and superfluidity
* Dynamics of nonequilibrium systems
* Physics at the nanoscale

## Awards and honours

Chandan Dasgupta was awarded Sir C.V. Raman Award for Research in Physical Sciences in 2006 by the University Grants Commission. In 2007, he was elected as a fellow of The World Academy of Sciences . He was awarded with "The Satyendranath Bose Medal" by Indian National Science Academy in 2018.
# Baleshti

Baleshti (Persian: بالشتي, also Romanized as Bāleshtī) is a village in Jolgeh-ye Chah Hashem Rural District, Jolgeh-ye Chah Hashem District, Dalgan County, Sistan and Baluchestan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 534, in 104 families.
# Dumanli

Dumanli (Persian: دومانلي, also Romanized as Dūmānlī) is a village in Zavkuh Rural District, Pishkamar District, Kalaleh County, Golestan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 337, in 70 families.
# Shila Akhter

Shila Akhter (Bengali: শিলা আক্তার) is a Bangladeshi national women Kabaddi player who was part of the team that won the bronze medal at the 2014 Asian Games and 2014 Asian Games.
# Arkin's Castle

Arkin's Castle (Irish: Caisleán Aircín) is a 13th-century ruined castle on the island of Inishmore, County Galway, Ireland. It is owned by the Department of the Environment, Climate and Communications of Ireland.

## History

Likely built by the O'Brien family in the 1200s, it passed through various owners in the 16th and 17th centuries, including Teige Ó Flaithbheartaigh in 1607. By the 1650s, the original structure had been demolished and a new, enlarged fort was built for Oliver Cromwell, where he stationed soldiers throughout the 1660s. Since the 1700s, it has been uninhabited. Today the ruins include part of a wall and water-gate to the north, a tower at the south-east corner, and a bartizan.
The castle is listed on the Record of Monuments and Places as GA119-005---- and National Monument number 43.01.
# Șimian (island)

Șimian (Serbian: Šimijan) is a river island on the Danube belonging to Romania, located just downstream of the city of Turnu Severin and overlooking the town of Șimian. The island is home to a reconstructed fortress that was relocated from the historic Ada Kaleh island, when it was threatened by the construction of the Iron Gate I dam in 1968. For that reason, it is also known as the "New Ada Kaleh", although the ambitious resettlement plan has never been fully completed.
During the construction of Trajan's Bridge in the 2nd century AD, the island served as a natural base for water-dividing dams.
44°36′36″N 22°41′27″E﻿ / ﻿44.61000°N 22.69083°E﻿ / 44.61000; 22.69083
# 2021 South American Trampoline Championships

The 2021 South American Trampoline Championships were held in Cochabamba, Bolivia, from December 6 to 13, 2021. The competition was organized by the Bolivian Gymnastics Federation.

## Medalists

| Event | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
| Men's individual trampoline | Rayan Dutra (BRA) | Santiago Ferrari (ARG) | Diego Giraldo (COL) |
| Women's individual trampoline | Lucila Maldonado (ARG) | Valentina Podesta (ARG) | Maria Eduarda Damasceno (BRA) |
| Men's synchronized trampoline | Cauã Rodrigues (BRA) Gabriel Sousa (BRA) | Santiago Ferrari (ARG) Bernardo Aquino (ARG) | Diego Giraldo (COL) Julián Alvis (COL) |
| Women's synchronized trampoline | Florencia Braun (ARG) Julia Cano (ARG) | Lucila Maldonado (ARG) Mara Colombo (ARG) | — |
| Men's double mini | Ralph Stotz (ARG) | Bernardo Aquino (ARG) | Federico Cury (ARG) |
| Women's double mini | Lucila Maldonado (ARG) | Florencia Braun (ARG) | Julia Cano (ARG) |
# Vrabac (drone)

The Vrabac (from Serbian: врабац, lit. 'sparrow') is a mini drone intended for day/night reconnaissance and surveillance at shorter distances, as well as for target finding and designating, produced in Serbia by Utva Aviation Industry, subsidiary of Yugoimport SDPR.

## Design

The VRABAC is a high-wing monoplane made of composite materials. Its fuselage is aerodynamically shaped around the equipment. The nose part contains an 800W DC motor powered by a Li-pol battery while the space below and behind it is intended for electro-optical equipment. The airborne computer is in the central part. The UAV is hand launched and lands with a parachute and an airbag. It is designed to survey and analyze major infrastructural facilities such as pipelines, major roads, bridges, forests, etc.
In 2022, an armed version was revealed that can be equipped with six 40 mm M22 munitions.

## Performances and technical characteristics

Vrabac weighs 5.3 kg with a 2.80 meters wing span. It can carry a payload of maximum of 1.5 kg. It has a total of 1 hour flying time and has a maximum flight speed of 85 km/h. The operational range of the Vrabac is >10 km, and its operating height is 300 to 500 meters.
| Engine: | DC electric, 800 W |
| Propeller: | Two blades, graphite composite |
| Battery: | Li-Po 28V, 8000 mAh |
| Wing span: | 2.806 m |
| Wing area: | 0.75 m$^2$ |
| Length: | 1.94 m |
| Weight (without payload): | 7.5 kg |
| Maximum payload weight: | <1.5 kg |
| Max takeoff weight: | 9 kg |
| Max speed: | 120 km/h |
| Cruising speed: | 61 km/h |
| Operational altitude (AGL): | 300–500 m |
| Flight duration: | 1 h |
| Launching: | Automatic, hand launch |
| Landing: | Automatic, parachute and airbag. Optional: belly landing |
| Uplink: | UHF, frequency-hopping spread spectrum |
| Downlink: | S-band, digital, coded |
| Guiding: | Fully autonomous way points tracking, holding, camera guiding, Emergency and return home mode |

## Gallery

* Vrabac mini UAV control panel at Partner 2013 International Defence Exhibition
* Vrabac mini UAV next to Pegaz UAV at Partner 2013 International Defence Exhibition
* Vrabac mini UAV top view at Partner 2013 International Defence Exhibition
# Lesnoye, Nemetsky natsionalny District, Altai Krai

Lesnoye (Russian: Лесное) is a rural locality (a selo) in Nemetsky National District, Altai Krai, Russia. The population was 125 as of 2013.

## Geography

Lesnoye is located 22 km northeast of Galbshtadt (the district's administrative centre) by road. Alexandrovka is the nearest rural locality.
# Ametalk!

Ametalk (アメトーーク, Ametō̄ku), formerly Ameagari Kesshitai's Talk Show - Ametalk! (雨上がり決死隊のトーク番組 アメトーーク!, Ameagari Kesshitai no Tōku Bangumi Ametō̄ku), is a Japanese comedy focused variety and talk television show hosted by Toru Hotoharu of Ameagari Kesshitai on TV Asahi. Each episode of Ametalk has a focused topic and invites guests, usually comedians, who are relevant to the topic to discuss or share their stories in a light-hearted and often comedic atmosphere.

## History

The show first began in 2002 as a special and became a weekly variety show in 2003 as Ameagari Kesshitai's first major national program. It is currently still airing with high viewership ratings since the show began its broadcast.
In June 2019, one of the MCs of the show, Hiroyuki Miyasako, was suspended by Yoshimoto Kogyo for affiliation with an anti-social organization back in 2014 alongside 10 other comedians. Since then, all episodes with recordings containing Miyasako after the date of the news have been broadcast after editing Miyasako out completely. He is also removed as the MC in future episodes as Hotoharu will remain the MC with other supporting MCs every week.

## Format

The show's regular format has the two hosts from Ameagari Kesshitai, Hiroyuki Miyasako and Tōru Hotohara (previously including Miyasako) alongside one or two other panelists, usually comedians or tarento on the left side of the stage and around 5 to 10 guests that will be the main speakers on the topic at hand sitting in two rows on the right side of the stage. Each of the guests will then proceed to share their stories and episodes relating to the topic of the episode, usually one at a time, inciting responses and banter from the hosts, the panelists and the other guests.
The topic of each episode is sometimes determined by taking suggestions and recommendations from the viewers on Ametalk's official website.

## Casts

Other than Ameagari Kesshitai, the panelists and guests that appear on the show are usually comedians, tarento, athletes, actors, idols, models, TV announcers and more. Each episode features a topic that the guests are relevant to or share a commonality to, and can be general or specific.

## In popular culture

Mashin Sentai Kiramager did their version of the show known as Kira Talk! with the Kiramai Stones, which aired on May 31 and June 7 as a replacement to its regular episodes due to the COVID-19 pandemic in Japan. The two-week special covered their past adventures with their Kiramager partners as well as their battles against the Jamenshi.
# Bright School and College

Bright School and College (Bengali: ব্রাইট স্কুল অ্যান্ড কলেজ) is a co-educational school in Dhaka, Bangladesh.
# Angshuman Kar

Angshuman Kar (Bengali: অংশুমান কর) is a Bengali poet and professor of English literature at Burdwan University. He is currently working as a professor of English at the University of Burdwan, West Bengal. He had served as the Secretary of the Eastern Region, Sahitya Akademi as well as a member of advisory board (Bengali) of the Sahitya Akademi.

## Early life and career

Kar was born in Beliatore, Bankura, and graduated from J. K. College, Purulia.
He received the fellowship of the Australia–India Council for his research into Aboriginal petitions. He has held positions in various Australian universities.
# Torkaman Kheyl

Torkaman Kheyl (Persian: تركمن خيل, also Romanized as Torkamān Kheyl) is a village in Balatajan Rural District, in the Central District of Qaem Shahr County, Mazandaran Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 257, in 72 families.
# Bor-Forpost

Bor-Forpost (Russian: Бор-Форпост) is a rural locality (a selo) and the administrative center of Bor-Forpostovsky Selsoviet of Volchikhinsky District, Altai Krai, Russia. The population was 843 as of 2016. It was founded in 1656. There are 12 streets.

## Geography

Bor-Forpost is located 25 km southwest of Volchikha (the district's administrative centre) by road. Ust-Volchikha is the nearest rural locality.

## Ethnicity

The village is inhabited by Russians and others.
# Darzin-e Do

Darzin-e Do (Persian: دارزين2, also Romanized as Dārzīn-e Do; also known as Dārzeīn, Dārzīn, Drazīn, and Mehdīābād-e Dārzīn) is a village in Howmeh Rural District, in the Central District of Bam County, Kerman Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 317, in 83 families.
# Boqsani, Sangan

Boqsani (Persian: بقصاني /بقصاني عليا, also Romanized as Boqşānī; also known as Boqşānī-ye ‘Olyā, Bokhsānī, and Qaşanī) is a village in Bostan Rural District, Sangan District, Khaf County, Razavi Khorasan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 29, in 10 families.
# Bishopstown Stadium

Bishopstown Stadium (Irish: Staid a' Baile an Easpaig) is an association football stadium located in Bishopstown on the western outskirts of Cork, Ireland. It is the home ground of Women's National League (WNL) club Cork City WFC. Formerly the home ground of League of Ireland club Cork City FC, it later became their training ground.
Cork City FC's move to Bishopstown in 1993 proved costly and unpopular with fans, while the condition of the pitch quickly became "notorious". With Cork City on the verge of liquidation in November 1995, the Football Association of Ireland (FAI) bought the stadium for £70,000 to be shared amongst the club's creditors. Under new ownership Cork City returned to Turners Cross in 1996.
Property speculators McCarthy Developments then bought the Bishopstown ground and twice tried to turn it into student accommodation serving the Cork Institute of Technology, only to be refused planning permission. They rented the site back to Cork City as a training ground and administrative base in early 2010. Cork Women's FC began using the facility as their home ground in 2013, as they forged closer links with the owners of the male Cork City club.
# Susanne Rappmann

Susanne Rappmann (née Norrhall; born 2 February 1965 in Norra Vram, Skåne) is a Swedish theologian and current Bishop of Gothenburg.

## Biography

Susanne Rappmann was ordained priest for the Diocese of Gothenburg in 1992 and has served as a parish priest of Annedal Church from 1994 till 1999. She later became parish priest of Stensjöns and served between 2007 and 2010. Afterwards she was appointed as the church minister of the parish of Värö-Stråvalla and served between 2010 and 2013. Between 2013 and 2018, she was a curator in Mölndal parish, which was formed in 2014.
In 2005, Rappmann presented her dissertation titled Kristi kropp som kritisk metafor: teologisk reflektion kring funktionshinder (Christ's body as critical metaphor: theological reflection on disability) at Karlstad University.

## Bishop

In November 2017, Rappmann was elected bishop during the second and final election gaining around 70% of the votes. Rappmann was consecrated bishop by the Archbishop of Uppsala on 4 March 2018. She became the first female bishop of Gothenburg, replacing Per Eckerdal.
# Zheleznodorozhny, Republic of Bashkortostan

Zheleznodorozhny (Russian: Железнодорожный; Bashkir: Тимер юл, Timer yul) is a rural locality (a selo) and the administrative centre of Zheleznodorozhny Selsoviet, Beloretsky District, Bashkortostan, Russia. The population was 3,020 as of 2010. There are 41 streets.

## Geography

Zheleznodorozhny is located 10 km southwest of Beloretsk (the district's administrative centre) by road. Lomovka is the nearest rural locality.
# Verkhnearshinsky

Verkhnearshinsky (Russian: Верхнеаршинский; Bashkir: Үрге Арша, Ürge Arşa) is a rural locality (a selo) in Nikolayevsky Selsoviet, Beloretsky District, Bashkortostan, Russia. The population was 119 as of 2010. There are 17 streets.

## Geography

Verkhnearshinsky is located 74 km north of Beloretsk (the district's administrative centre) by road. Nikolayevka is the nearest rural locality.
# Tikhy Klyuch

Tikhy Klyuch (Russian: Тихий Ключ) is a rural locality (a village) in Ishlinsky Selsoviet, Beloretsky District, Bashkortostan, Russia. The population was 20 as of 2010. There is 1 street.

## Geography

Tikhy Klyuch is located 49 km west of Beloretsk (the district's administrative centre) by road. Kartaly is the nearest rural locality.
# Ledine, Serbia

Ledine (Serbian: Ледине) is an urban neighborhood of Belgrade, the capital of Serbia. It is located in the municipality of New Belgrade.

## Location

Ledine is the westernmost settlement in the municipality, formerly developed as a sort of an informal settlement outside the projected area of the city of New Belgrade. Today it is urbanistically connected to the neighborhoods of Bežanija and Dr Ivan Ribar by the narrow urban strip along Vionogradska and Surčinska streets. The settlement itself is built between these two streets, both of which connect Belgrade and Surčin and along which a continuous built-up area of Belgrade-Ledine-Surčin is being formed.

## History

The settlement began to develop in 1961. It was formed as a result of the resettlement of inhabitants from Jatagan Mala, a shanty town in old part of Belgrade, across the Sava river. Jatagan Mala was demolished in the process of city beautification due to the First Summit of the Non-Aligned countries.

## Characteristics

Ledine experiences all the problems of the non-planned neighborhoods of Belgrade, mostly concerning communal problems. The population of the settlement was 6,813 in 2011.
As the settlement originated on barren meadows outside any urban area, it got the descriptive name ledine, Serbian for the heaths.
Elementary school was opened in 1961, originally for 200 pupils. In 1966 it was named after the World War II combatant and people's hero Vlada Obradović Kameni [sr], when his bust, on the tall pedestal was placed in the schoolyard. The bust was vandalized in the early 2020a.

## Trostruki Surduk

Ledine is also site of the Jewish memorial cemetery, commemorating killing of 240–450 Jews and Roma by the German occupational forces from October 1941 to February 1942 in the nearby small valley called Trostruki surduk. The memorial was built on 20 October 1964 and in 1992, it was declared a cultural monument. The memorial was restored in 2008.
# Pwintbyu Township

Pwintbyu Township (Burmese: ပွင့်ဖြူ မြို့နယ်) is a township of Minbu District in the Magway Division of Myanmar. The principal town is Pwintbyu.
Kyeeohn Kyeewa multipurpose Dam Project implementation was started in 2002–2003. The first 37 megawatt-generator was operated in January 2012.
# Orahovci

Orahovci (Serbian: Ораховци) is a village in the municipality of Višegrad, Bosnia and Herzegovina.
# Revet

Revet (Russian: Реветь; Bashkir: Рәүәт, Räwät) is a rural locality (a village) in Inzersky Selsoviet, Beloretsky District, Bashkortostan, Russia. The population was 61 as of 2010. There are 7 streets.

## Geography

Revet is located 85 km northwest of Beloretsk (the district's administrative centre) by road. Inzer is the nearest rural locality.
# Maygashlya

Maygashlya (Russian: Майгашля; Bashkir: Мәйгәшле, Mäygäşle) is a rural locality (a village) in Tukansky Selsoviet, Beloretsky District, Bashkortostan, Russia. The population was 15 as of 2010. There are 2 streets.

## Geography

Maygashlya is located 84 kilometres (52 mi) west of Beloretsk (the district's administrative centre) by road. Komarovo is the nearest rural locality.
# Komarovo, Republic of Bashkortostan

Komarovo (Russian: Комарово) is a rural locality (a village) in Tukansky Selsoviet, Beloretsky District, Bashkortostan, Russia. The population was 10 as of 2010. There are 4 streets.

## Geography

Komarovo is located 86 km southwest of Beloretsk (the district's administrative centre) by road. Maygashlya is the nearest rural locality.
# Baq, Semnan

Baq (Persian: بق) is a village in Howmeh Rural District, in the Central District of Damghan County, Semnan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 182, in 68 families.
# Arawa

Arawa may refer to:
* Arawa (canoe), one of the canoes that carried the ancestral Māori migrants to New Zealand
* Te Arawa, a confederation of Māori tribes in New Zealand
* Arawa, Bougainville, a town in Papua New Guinea
* Arawa Rural LLG, a local-level government area in Papua New Guinea
* Arawá language (extinct) belonging to the Arawan languages