OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Church of Gesù, Nice

Church of the Gesù, Nice also known as The Church of Saint-Jacques-le-Majeur of Nice (French: Église du Gesù or French: L’église Saint-Jacques-le-Majeur) is a Roman Catholic church located on Rue Droite in the old town of Nice in the south of France. It is in the Baroque architectural tradition. The church became a parish in 1802 under the patronage of Jacques le Majeur.

## History

In 1603, Pons Neva, a wealthy Nicoise merchant based in Rome, gave a large donation for the establishment of a Jesuit school at the suggestion of Philippe Néri. The Jesuits established themselves in Nice near a communal mill on November 15, 1603. The school opened in 1606.
The cornerstone of the school was laid on February 12, 1607. They began to purchase neighboring houses for the establishment of their chapel and continued acquiring until 1612. The cornerstone of the church, named Chiesetta and dedicated to Jesus, was laid June 3, 1612. To further expand the church, the Jesuits purchased another house next door.
The work of the new church began in 1642. The major construction finished in 1650. The Jesuits sold the scaffolding used in the construction of the arches to the Roman Catholic Diocese of Nice.
The similarities between the new church and the Church of Escarène and the Nice Cathedral suggests that the architect was likely Jean-André Guiberto. In the National Library of France there is a map that bears the name Alessio di Angelis but it is impossible to say if he is the architect.
In 1651, two family chapels were erected by Senator Blancardi et Jean-Baptiste Fabri.
As part of the suppression of the Jesuits by Pope Clement XIV, the Jesuits were expelled from Nice in 1773. The school and the church were declared royal possessions. The church became a parish after the Concordat of 1801 under the patronage of Jacques le Majeur.
The church's current Baroque facade was completed in 1825 by Aycart. It is a listed historical monument since 1971.

## Features

The church is an example of Baroque architecture.
Historians who studied the building have noticed the similarities between the Church of Jesus in Nice and the Church of the Gesù in Rome. The Nice church was influenced by the Piedmontese baroque style with the constraints of a Roman edifice.
The facade is Corinthian. The presence of Mannerist features with Serlian, or Palladian windows lead historians to believe that it is from the 17th Century. Certain elements are neoclassical.
The campanile is 42 meters tall. It features exposed brick, which is rare in Nice, and similar to Piedmontese art. The base of the dome is covered in Ligurian tiles. The stucco exterior is less similar to Ligurian mannerism and more common to Piemontese baroque.
In the interior, the semicircular vault measures 36 meters long and 14 meters wide. It is decorated with motifs illustrating the life of Saint Jacques le Majeur. They were created in the 19th Century based on the drawings by Nicoise painter Hercule Trachel (1820–1872) who also painted the vaults in the church of the monastery in Cimiez.
# Victor Krylov

Victor Krylov (Russian: Виктор Владимирович Крылов) is a Russian-born British academic. He is emeritus professor of acoustics and vibration at Loughborough University.

## Biography

Krylov was born in Tambov, Russia, in 1952. He received his PhD in physics and mathematics (specialisation in acoustics) from the Moscow State University in 1981. In 1989 he received his DSc in the same disciplines from the Moscow State University and the Higher Attestation Commission of the former USSR. He then pursued an academic career in various universities leading to his present position at Loughborough University.
Krylov has been awarded the Lenin Komsomol Prize in 1984 and the Rayleigh Medal in 2000.

## Work

Krylov carried out research into Rayleigh waves, including their propagation at hypersonic frequencies, their propagation and scattering on curved and statistically rough surfaces. Further topics include acoustic emission from cracks developing in brittle solids, laser generation of sound in solids, localised vibrations propagating along edges of elastic wedges.
From 1993 Krylov worked in the UK, conducting research on ground vibrations generated by railway trains and by road vehicles. His prediction of ground vibration boom from high-speed trains travelling at speeds larger than Rayleigh wave velocity in the supporting ground has received public attention in connection with the proposed High Speed Rail system HS2 in the UK.
Krylov predicted the existence of localised elastic waves in immersed solid wedges and proposed to use them for wave-like aquatic propulsion of marine vessels. He suggests using electric motors or shape-memory materials to emulate the propulsion of some fish, such as stingrays, a process less efficient but quieter than conventional propellers. He also investigated the method of damping structural vibrations based on the "acoustic black hole effect" for flexural waves propagating in plates of variable local thickness.
Krylov has published several books and numerous papers on topics related to acoustics and vibration.

## Books

* Krasil'nikov, V.A. and Krylov, V.V. (1984), Introduction to Physical Acoustics, Nauka, Moscow (in Russian).
* Krasil'nikov, V.A. and Krylov, V.V. (1985), Surface Acoustic Waves, Znanie, Moscow (in Russian).
* Krylov, V.V. (1989), Basic Principles of Sound Radiation and Scattering, Moscow University Press, Moscow (in Russian).
* Biryukov, S.V., Gulyaev, Y.V., Krylov, V.V. and Plessky, V.P. (1995), Surface Acoustic Waves in Inhomogeneous Media, Springer-Verlag, Berlin.
* Krylov, V.V. (ed) (2001), Noise and Vibration from High Speed Trains, Thomas Telford, London.
* Krylov, V.V. (ed) (2019), Ground Vibrations from High-Speed Railways: Prediction and Mitigation, ICE Publishing, London.
# Communauté de communes Portes de la Creuse en Marche

The Communauté de communes Portes de la Creuse en Marche is a communauté de communes, an intercommunal structure, in the Creuse department, in the Nouvelle-Aquitaine region, central France. It was created in January 2014 by the merger of the former communautés de communes Marche Avenir and Deux Vallées and part of Petite Creuse. Its area is 345.3 km$^2$, and its population was 6,591 in 2021. Its seat is in Genouillac.

## Communes

The communauté de communes consists of the following 16 communes:
* Bonnat
* La Cellette
* Champsanglard
* Châtelus-Malvaleix
* La Forêt-du-Temple
* Genouillac
* Jalesches
* Linard-Malval
* Lourdoueix-Saint-Pierre
* Méasnes
* Mortroux
* Moutier-Malcard
* Nouziers
* Roches
* Saint-Dizier-les-Domaines
* Tercillat
# Rhodountia

Rhodountia (Ancient Greek: Ῥοδουντία) was a fortified place at Phthiotis, Central Greece, possibly near today's Drakospilia.
It is mentioned by Strabo, Livy and Stephanus of Byzantium.
During the Battle of Thermopylae (191 BC), the Aetolians defended it against the Romans. The Roman troops under the command of Lucius Valerius Flaccus were not able to capture it.
# Walter Pollard

Walter Pollard (26 September 1906 – 26 July 1945) was an English professional footballer who played as an inside forward. Pollard died from a heart attack, aged 38, in 1945.

## Early years

Pollard was born 26 September 1906 in Burnley Lancashire to Robert Pollard and Margaret Ellen Atkinson. He was the youngest of three sons. The family lived at 55 Nairne Street in Burnley. Walter's father was a moulder of sanitary wares. By 1921, aged fourteen, Walter worked as a cotton weaver for the Wood Top Manufacturing Company in Burnley. By this time, the family had moved a few doors down to 68 Nairne Street.
Pollard married Gladys May Harrison in the September quarter of 1935 in West Ham.

## Death

Pollard died from a heart attack 26 July 1945 in Ilford, Essex. He was just 38 years old.
# İslam Mecmuası

İslam Mecmuası (Turkish: Journal of Islam) was a biweekly political magazine which was published in Constantinople, Ottoman Empire, between 1914 and 1918. It is known as being one of the early publications which attempted to provide a synthesis of the nationalism and Islamism, and its motto was dinli bir hayat, hayatlı bir din (Turkish: A life with religion, a religion with life). It was sponsored by the Committee of Union and Progress.

## History and profile

İslam Mecmuası was established in 1914 and financed by the Committee of Union and Progress. Its first issue was published on 12 February 1914. Kazanlı Halim Sabit served as its editor. The magazine came out biweekly and was headquartered in Constantinople. İslam Mecmuası had thirty-two pages, but then it was reduced to sixteen pages due to paper shortage during World War I. It was printed by different publishing houses throughout its existence.
The magazine aimed at producing a synthesis of the nationalism and Islamism and at presenting a reformist and liberal version of Islam which would be much more compatible with modern lifestyles. Unlike other Islamist publications it focused on the social roles and functions of Islam. İslam Mecmuası published the announcement of jihad in November 1914. It ceased publication on 30 October 1918 after producing a total of sixty-three issues.

### Contributors

Notable contributors of İslam Mecmuası included Ahmet Ağaoğlu, Besim Atalay, Aka Gündüz and Ömer Seyfettin. They were from three different groups: ulemas such as Shaykh al-Islām Musa Kazım Efendi, İzmirli İsmail Hakkı and Şerafeddin Yaltıkaya, Islamic reformers such as Şemsettin Günaltay and Halim Sabit, and pan-Turkists such as Ziya Gökalp and Mehmet Fuat Köprülü.
Contributors of İslam Mecmuası often confronted with the conservative Islamists whose media outlet was Sebilürreşad journal. The debates were mostly about the reform in Islam and began just after the publication of Ziya Gökalp's article entitled Fıkıh ve İçtimaiyat (Ottoman Turkish: Fiqh and Sociology) in İslam Mecmuası. The tensions between two camps increased in 1915 when İslam Mecmuası openly supported the restrictions on the authority of the Shaykh al-Islām.
İslam Mecmuası was the first publication in the Empire which introduced the views of Ibn Taymiyyah, a Salafi thinker, through the articles of Şerafeddin Yaltıkaya.
# Nuppulinna railway station

Nuppulinna (Finnish: Nuppulinnan seisake, Swedish: Nuppulinna hållplats) is a closed railway station in Tuusula, Finland. It was located along the Helsinki–Riihimäki railway, and its neighboring stations at the time of closing were Purola in the south and Jokela in the north.

## History

Nuppulinna was founded as a platform (Finnish: laituri) in 1886. It received its first station building in 1922 with the transfer of an old station house from Käpylä; it was then replaced by a brand new building designed by Jarl Ungern in 1930. The Finnish state had gained possession of the lands of Nuppulinna during the land acquisition operations related to the imminent building of the Helsinki–Hämeenlinna railway, and it became home to the official gardening facilities of the Finnish State Railways in the 1950s. The farmlands' significance for this purpose grew further in the 1960s as the FSR built a new greenhouse in Nuppulinna in 1962, where it then transferred the operations of its former garden in Hyvinkää. This garden was closed in 2002, due to the lowering demand for its services, coinciding with the number of stations decreasing. Nuppulinna was again made an unmanned halt in 1972 and its station building was demolished in 1995. The former cross-platform pedestrian level crossing was replaced by an underpass in 1999.
In 2015, the Finnish Transport Agency, in a study concerning proposals for new halts on the Helsinki–Riihimäki and Kerava–Lahti sections, explored the possibility of closing the Nuppulinna and Purola stations in an effort to ease the capacity shortage on the railway, which would then help with the prospects of increasing services and the number of stops. In response to the FTA's inquiry for statements on the results of the study, the municipalities of Tuusula and Järvenpää opposed the proposal. Tuusula's statement said that should the halts be closed, the platforms should be preserved in anticipation of a possible reopening in the future.
The final train at Nuppulinna stopped at 6:02 on 27 March 2016.

## Services

Until its closing, Nuppulinna was served by line H on the Helsinki commuter rail network.
# Kruta Balka, Donetsk Oblast

Kruta Balka (Ukrainian: Крута Балка; Russian: Крутая Балка) is a rural settlement in Donetsk Raion (district) in Donetsk Oblast of eastern Ukraine, at 17.2 km NNE from the centre of Donetsk city.

## History

The settlement was taken under control of pro-Russian forces (the DNR) during the War in Donbass, that started in mid-April 2014. Since then, the settlement was located in a gray area, with both sides claiming it as theirs, until in March 2016 the Armed Forces of Ukraine reportedly moved in to retake the village. Due to shelling on 6 April 2016, the water pumping station in the "gray-zone" between the villages of Vasylivka and Kruta Balka in South Donbas was de-energized, cutting off the water supply to over 50 settlements. By early-December 2016, according to one source, the insurgents reported in social media that the village might have been retaken by the Ukrainian army and that they were unable to confirm that it was under their control. During a clash on 28 December, one Ukrainian serviceman was killed. BBC's Ukrainian Service, however, still reported Kruta Balka as controlled by separatists in May 2017.
In 2020, Kruta Balka was transferred from Yasynuvata Raion to newly created Donetsk Raion as part of the reform of administrative districts in Ukraine.
During the Prelude to the Russian invasion of Ukraine, on 10 January 2022 two Ukrainian servicemen - Lieutenant Illya Suprun and PFC Vitaliy Petrenko - were killed by an unknown explosive device. Until the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine, Kruta Balka was the only locality of Donetsk Raion under at least partial control of the Ukrainian government.

## Demographics

Native language as of the Ukrainian Census of 2001:
* Ukrainian 9.51%
* Russian 90.49%
# Wenzel Pit

The Wenzel Pit (German: Grube Wenzel) is a former silver mine in the Zinken Frohnbach in Oberwolfach in the Black Forest in southern Germany. The pit had its heyday in the Napoleonic era, but has been a show mine since 2001.

## History

Silver has been mined here since the early 14th century; but after several decades they could find no more and the mine was closed. Not until about 1760 was silver found again in the mineshafts under the direction of the principality mining clerk (Bergschreiber), Kapf. This prospecting work discovered several silver deposits and mining recommenced.

## Today

After the founding of the Show Mines Friends Association (Förderverein Besucherbergwerke) in 1997 the old silver mine was restored in 1999 and developed for visitors. In 2001 the work was completed and the show mine was opened to the public.
# Rudrasimha III

Rudrasimha III (IAST: Rudrasiṃha) was the last ruler of the Western Satraps in India, in the 4th century AD. Rudrasimha III succeeded Rudrasena IV as the leader of the Indo-Scythians in India. Both were the sons of the Saka ruler Satyasimha, making them at least half-brothers, if not first-degree relatives.
The Western Satraps were ultimately conquered by the Gupta Emperor Chandragupta II. This event completely ended the rule of the Sakas on the Indian subcontinent. An inscriptions of the victorious Gupta king Chandragupta II in 412-413 AD, the Sanchi inscription of Chandragupta II, can be found on the railing near the Eastern Gateway of the Great Stupa in Sanchi.
# Apoteri

Apoteri is a village in the Upper Takutu-Upper Essequibo Region of Guyana, near the confluence of the Rupununi River with the Essequibo, at an altitude of 53 metres (177 feet). Apoteri started to develop as the centre of the balatá industry. The population is mainly Amerindian of the Macushi and Wapishana people.
The village was founded in 1970 by Booker Brothers as a base for balatá production. Workers settled from villages in South Rupununi. In 1973 a school was established in the village.
Wildlife is plentiful in the area, and the village promotes itself for eco-tourism. The Apoteri Fishing Camp is located at the mouth of the Rupununi River. The Iwokrama International Centre which aims to conserve the rainforest and provide sustainable development is nearby.
The town is served by Apoteri Airport.
# Ghost orchid

Ghost orchid, is a common name for several orchids, and may refer to:
* Dendrophylax lindenii, the American ghost orchid
* Epipogium aphyllum, the Eurasian ghost orchid
# Bagdarin

Bagdarin (Russian: Багдари́н; Buryat: Сагаан Уула, Sagaan Uula), is a rural locality (a selo) and the administrative center of Bauntovsky Evenkiysky District of the Republic of Buryatia, Russia, located on the Vitim Plateau. Population: 4,735 (2010 Census); 4,763 (2002 Census); 4,825 (1989 Soviet census).

## Geography

The village is located in the Vitim Plateau. Above the northern side of the village rises the "White Mountain", a barren hill composed of dolomite rock.
* The "White Mountain" (Белая гора) rising above Bagdarin.

## Transportation

Bagdarin is served by the Bagdarin Airport. Road P437 connects Bagdarin with Romanovka, located 172 kilometres (107 mi) away.

## Climate

Bagdarin has a subarctic climate (Köppen climate classification Dwc) with severely cold winters and mild summers. Precipitation is quite low, but is much higher in summer than at other times of the year.
Climate data for Bagdarin :
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 1.7 (35.1) | 8.0 (46.4) | 12.2 (54.0) | 23.0 (73.4) | 30.3 (86.5) | 33.8 (92.8) | 35.1 (95.2) | 32.6 (90.7) | 29.6 (85.3) | 24.1 (75.4) | 10.3 (50.5) | 0.2 (32.4) | 35.1 (95.2) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | −19.7 (−3.5) | −12.4 (9.7) | −4.3 (24.3) | 4.7 (40.5) | 13.6 (56.5) | 21.4 (70.5) | 23.5 (74.3) | 20.6 (69.1) | 13.6 (56.5) | 3.7 (38.7) | −9.7 (14.5) | −19.5 (−3.1) | 3.0 (37.3) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | −27.6 (−17.7) | −22.8 (−9.0) | −14.6 (5.7) | −3.3 (26.1) | 5.4 (41.7) | 12.6 (54.7) | 15.7 (60.3) | 13.1 (55.6) | 5.9 (42.6) | −4.2 (24.4) | −17.6 (0.3) | −26.4 (−15.5) | −5.3 (22.4) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −35.5 (−31.9) | −33.2 (−27.8) | −24.9 (−12.8) | −11.3 (11.7) | −2.8 (27.0) | 3.8 (38.8) | 7.9 (46.2) | 5.5 (41.9) | −1.9 (28.6) | −12.0 (10.4) | −25.5 (−13.9) | −33.3 (−27.9) | −13.6 (7.5) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −50.2 (−58.4) | −51.6 (−60.9) | −45.0 (−49.0) | −36.6 (−33.9) | −17.6 (0.3) | −9.0 (15.8) | −4.4 (24.1) | −8.9 (16.0) | −16.8 (1.8) | −33.3 (−27.9) | −44.5 (−48.1) | −49.0 (−56.2) | −51.6 (−60.9) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 1.9 (0.07) | 1.8 (0.07) | 2.9 (0.11) | 11.4 (0.45) | 23.2 (0.91) | 63.6 (2.50) | 105.5 (4.15) | 94.6 (3.72) | 39.2 (1.54) | 9.6 (0.38) | 5.6 (0.22) | 3.2 (0.13) | 362.5 (14.25) |
| Average precipitation days (≥ 0.1 mm) | 3.0 | 2.6 | 2.9 | 5.3 | 7.2 | 11.9 | 15.4 | 14.6 | 9.0 | 4.7 | 4.6 | 4.3 | 85.5 |
| Average relative humidity (%) | 78.3 | 75.9 | 69.3 | 60.0 | 57.7 | 63.5 | 68.3 | 72.8 | 74.8 | 75.8 | 77.8 | 78.8 | 71.1 |
| Mean monthly sunshine hours | 125 | 170 | 223 | 237 | 263 | 256 | 247 | 213 | 181 | 181 | 133 | 104 | 2,333 |
| Source: climatebase.ru (1936-2012) ||||||||||||||
# Kuraba Kondo

Kuraba Kondo (近藤 蔵波, Kondo Kuraba, born 6 July 2002) is a Japanese footballer currently playing as a forward for FC Tokushima.

## Career statistics
### Club

    As of 4 Aug 22.
Appearances and goals by club, season and competition :
| Club | Season | League | League | League | National Cup | National Cup | League Cup | League Cup | Other | Other | Total | Total |
| Club | Season | Division | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals |
| Cerezo Osaka U-23 | 2019 | J3 League | 4 | 0 | – | – | – | – | 0 | 0 | 4 | 0 |
| Cerezo Osaka U-23 | 2020 | J3 League | 7 | 1 | – | – | – | – | 0 | 0 | 7 | 1 |
| Cerezo Osaka U-23 | Total | Total | 11 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 11 | 1 |
| Albirex Niigata (S) | 2021 | SPL | 16 | 8 | 0 | 0 | – | – | 0 | 0 | 16 | 8 |
| Balestier Khalsa | 2022 | SPL | 27 | 7 | 1 | 2 | – | – | 0 | 0 | 28 | 9 |
| Career total | Career total | Career total | 54 | 16 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 55 | 18 |

#### Notes
## Honours

Japan U16
* AFC U-16 Championship: 2018
# Thomas Bell (antiquarian)

Thomas Bell (16 December 1785 – 30 April 1860) was a land surveyor, antiquary and book seller.
He was also a prodigious collector of books, having accumulated more than 15,000 volumes by the time he died. These were auctioned off later the same year.

## Life

Thomas Bell was born in Newcastle upon Tyne. His father was John Bell (1755–1816), like the son a land surveyor and book seller. His mother, born Margaret Gray, was from County Durham. Thomas Bell had a brother, John Bell (1783–1864), two years older than he was, and whose life would in some respects follow a parallel course to his own. On leaving school both John and Thomas Bell worked with their father in the latter's book selling business along Union Street, later joined by a third brother, James Maddison Bell. Eventually the brothers took over the business from their father, but in the meantime John Bell (1783–1864) moved out in 1803 to set up in business on his own, which evidently left their father's business increasingly dependent on Thomas Bell who also increasingly took over his father's surveying work.
Later in his life, especially after his father's death, Thomas Bell became one of the principal land surveyors of his time and place, numbering among his clients, the Dukes of Northumberland and the Earls of Strathmore. The ongoing enclosure of (previously) common land by commercial farmers and, by the middle of the nineteenth century, the building of major railway lines provided abundant work for a well connected land surveyor. He was involved in surveying for the Brandling Junction Railway (BJR) as well as for the Newcastle & Carlisle Railway (N&CR), and Stanhope and Tyne Railway (S&TR) lines.
Bell was a collector of books. His particular interests included his own region, including both topography and genealogy. Although he was not himself a prolific author (he wrote one children's book), he did accumulate various manuscript researches on matters which interested him. He was able to provide much practical help to John Hodgson with the latter's well regarded History of Northumberland. In June 1813 Thomas Bell joined the Society of Antiquaries of Newcastle upon Tyne. He was also a member of the London-based Society of Antiquaries.
Thomas Bell died at 16 Cumberland Tow in Newcastle on 30 April 1860. His body was placed in the family plot in the "old cemetery" at Jesmond.