OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Douala Stock Exchange

The Douala Stock Exchange (DSX in abbreviation) was the official market for securities in Cameroon, located in Douala. In 2019 it was absorbed by the Central African Securities Exchange [fr] (French: Bourse des valeurs mobilières de l'Afrique centrale, BVMAC) which on that occasion relocated from Libreville to Douala.

## History

The origin of the market in Douala began in a project sponsored by CEMAC having to do with creating stock exchanges in Gabon and Cameroon. CEMAC is the abbreviation for Economic and Monetary Community of Central Africa.
The Douala Stock Exchange was created in December 2001. The first listing was Société des eaux minérales du Cameroun [fr] (SEMC), a subsidiary of the French company Castel Group.
DSX was owned by Association professionnelle des établissements de crédit du Cameroun (APECCAM), (Credit Association of Cameroon); by Cameroonian corporate interests; and by the government. It is similarly governed:
Administration Board:
* APECCAM : 7 seats
* Corporate : 2 seats
* Government : 1 seat
* Other : 1 seat
Until 2006, the sole listing was SEMC. Later it also included Société Africaine Forestière et Agricole du Cameroun (SAFACAM) and SOCAPALM [fr].
# Velletri Cathedral

Velletri Cathedral (Italian: Duomo di Velletri; Cattedrale di San Clemente) is a Roman Catholic cathedral in Velletri in the region of Lazio, Italy, dedicated to Saint Clement, pope and martyr. It is the episcopal seat of the Suburbicarian Diocese of Velletri-Segni.

## History

A previous church on the site dated from the 4th century, but was rebuilt in 1660. The present crypt derives from the earlier church. The cathedral contains an altarpiece depicting the Coronation of the Virgin by Giovanni Balducci.
# Vasyl Vasyltsiv

Vasyl Vasyltsiv (Ukrainian: Василь Васильців; born 26 June 1987) is a Ukrainian singer and composer.
Vasyl Vasyltsiv was born on 26 June 1987 in Lviv. In spite of his young age, since writing his first song in 2001 Vasyltsiv has released nine albums (as of May 2008). Though only one of them came under official label (Goldenhits) Vasyltsiv is sometimes considered as "the face of Ukrainian underground" and "genius of pure simplicity".
Having graduated with honors as a "performer and orchestra conductor" Vasyltsiv is yet frequently being criticised for tone deafness, lack of vocal abilities and composing talent. While being regarded as simple and naïve, Vasyltsiv's music is distinguished for its harmony and proportion.
# Edward Lanzer Joseph

Edward Lanza Joseph (c. 1792 – 1838) was a Trinidadian journalist, playwright and author. He was one of the first English-language poets in British Trinidad, also writing in Trinidadian Creole. He briefly served as editor of the Port of Spain Gazette and published one of the first books on the history of Trinidad.

## Early life

Joseph was born to a Jewish family in London in 1792 or 1793. He was educated in English and Hebrew, writing poetry, drama, essays and translations from a young age.

## Trinidad

Joseph left England in 1815 with a contingent of Londoners hoping to fight against the Spanish in the South American wars of independence. He instead settled in Trinidad after being warned by the island's governors against the prospects of the rebels. He found work as an overseer of slaves on sugar, coffee and cocoa plantations, later working as a bailiff and debt collector.

### Writing

In 1823, Joseph published his first poem, "Farewell Address on the Prospect of Leaving Trinidad", at a time when he was considering leaving Trinidad. He was published regularly in the Trinidad Gazette and Port of Spain Gazette and gained the epithet "Bard of Trinidad" as one of the first English-language poets in the colony.
He was the author of the novel Warner Arundell: The Adventures of a Creole, which was published in 1838. He also published History of Trinidad, in 1838.

### Plays

Joseph wrote, produced and translated plays while living in Trinidad that were performed in Port of Spain by a local amateur troupe known as the Brunswick Amateurs. In response to the annually recurring imposition of martial law from 1815 onwards by the Governor of Trinidad, Sir Ralph Woodford, Joseph wrote a musical farce in 1832 titled "Martial law in Trinidad; a musical farce in two acts.". It satirized the annual muster of militia troops each Christmas to squash the possibility of a local slave rebellion. The play was notable for its realistic portrayal of the local dialects, such as Trinidadian Creole, and of the African and Creole ethnic groups on the island.
# Alexander Stefánsson

Alexander Stefánsson (6 October 1922 – 28 May 2008) was an Icelandic politician and former minister for social affairs from May 1983 to July 1987.
# Châtelard, Creuse

Châtelard (French pronunciation:; Occitan: Chastelar) is a commune in the Creuse department in the Nouvelle-Aquitaine region in central France.

## Geography

The smallest commune of the department; a farming village situated some 13 miles (21 km) east of Aubusson on the D27a road.

## Sights

* The chapel, rebuilt in the twentieth century.
* A menhir, the Pierre du Loup (wolf stone), in the forest.

## Personalities

* Jean-Francois Jamot (1828–1886) was born here. He became the first bishop of Peterborough, Ontario, Canada.
# Vershyna

Vershyna (Ukrainian: Вершина) may refer to the following:

## Villages

* Vershyna, Sverdlovsk Oblast, a village in Russia
* Vershyna, Donetsk Oblast, a village in Ukraine
* Vershyna, Sumy Oblast, a village in Ukraine
* Vershyna, Zhytomyr Oblast, a village in Ukraine
* Novoprokopivka, formerly known as Vershyna, a village in Zaporizhzhia Oblast, Ukraine

## Other

* Ivan Vershyna, the pen name of Vasyl Barka, a Ukrainian-American poet, writer, literary critic, and translator
* Vershyn nature reserve, a nature reserve in Obukhiv Raion, Kyiv Oblast, Ukraine
# Bratislava Železná studienka railway station

Bratislava Železná studienka railway station (Hungarian: Pozsony-Vaskutacska vasútállomás, Slovak: Železničná zastávka Bratislava-Železná studienka; Železničná zastávka Bratislava-Železná studnička; Železničná stanica Bratislava-Železná studienka; Železničná stanica Bratislava-Železná studnička, Czech: Železniční zastávka Bratislava-Železní studénka; Železniční zastávka Bratislava-Železní studnička; Železniční stanice Bratislava-Železní studénka; Železniční stanice Bratislava-Železní studnička) is a small railway station (technically a train halt) inside the Bratislava Forest Park recreational zone in northern Bratislava, Slovakia.
The station is still in use, although few trains stop here nowadays. It has two platforms, the one by rail number one being 149 metres (489 ft) long and 3 metres (10 ft) wide and the one by rail number two being 160 metres (525 ft) long and 3.6 metres (12 ft) wide.

## Etymology

Until 1947, the train station was called Červený most (Red bridge in English). From 1947 to 1951 it was called Bratislava - Červený most. In 1951 it received its current name Bratislava - Železná studienka. It is named after the area it is situated in - Železná studienka (Little iron well in English). The name comes from the fact, that in the past people thought the water source here was rich in iron and minerals, but 19th century analysis showed the water here is not mineral.

## History

The original Red bridge was built in 1848 next to the place where the train station will once be, carrying only one rail track on the Wien – Gänserndorf – Bratislava line, which was launched on August 20, 1848. The bridge crossed the valley over river Vydrica. In 1891, the line between Bratislava main railway station and Devínska Nová Ves was converted to 2 parallel rail tracks and the Red bridge was rebuilt.
The current train station was established in 1904 under the name Bratislava - Red Bridge (in German Rote Brücke, in Hungarian Vörös híd), being named after the nearby bridge. The waiting room and station-guard's house, both from 1904, are culturally protected.

## 2010 fire

On September 20, 2010, a fire completely destroyed one of the station's historical waiting rooms. The fire was probably started by accident by the homeless people sleeping inside. That day's morning had been quite chilly and homeless people have been known to sleep there for years.

## Rail lines

The following is a list of rail lines crossing this station:
* ŽSR rail line 100 (Bratislava – Marchegg)
* ŽSR rail line 110 / S20 (Bratislava – Kúty)
# Believe in Cameroon

Believe in Cameroon (French: Croire au Cameroun, CRAC) is a political party in Cameroon. The party places a heavy emphasis on agricultural issues which it believes is a key part of the country's socio-economic development. Bernard Njonga, the founder of CRAC, is a candidate in the 2018 presidential elections.
# Liubchenko

Liubchenko or Lyubchenko (Ukrainian: Любченко) is a Ukrainian surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Igor Liubchenko (born 1991), Ukrainian Muay Thai fighter
* Oleksiy Liubchenko (born 1971), Ukrainian politician
* Panas Lyubchenko (1897–1937), Ukrainian and Soviet politician
# Nurabad, Padena

Nurabad (Persian: نوراباد, also Romanized as Nūrābād) is a village in Padena-ye Olya Rural District, Padena District, Semirom County, Isfahan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 330, in 69 families.
# Karghesh-e Olya

Karghesh-e Olya (Persian: كارغش عليا, also Romanized as Kārghesh-e ‘Olyā; also known as Kārghesh-e Bālā) is a village in Sefid Sang Rural District, Qalandarabad District, Fariman County, Razavi Khorasan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 131, in 33 families.
# Magnús Helgi Magnússon

Magnús Helgi Magnússon (30 September 1922 – 22 August 2006) was an Icelandic politician and former minister for social affairs from September 1978 to February 1980.
# Abraham ben Benjamin Ze'ev Brisker

Abraham ben Benjamin Ze'ev Brisker (Hebrew: אברהם בן בנימן זאב; died 1700) was a Polish-Lithuanian Jewish writer.

## Biography

Following the expulsion of Jews from Lithuania in 1655, Abraham moved to Vienna, where he studied under the kabbalist Rabbi Shabtai Sheftel Horowitz. On the expulsion of the Jews from that city in 1670, he went to Brest-Litovsk, where he married a daughter of Elijah Lipschütz and continued his studies under Rabbi Mordecai Guenzburg and Rabbi Ẓevi Hirsch. Abraham represented Brest-Litovsk at the 1683 meeting of the Council of the Lands in Lublin.
Despite expressing a desire to emigrate to the Holy Land, this intention was never realized.

## Work

Abraham was the author of the following works:
* Asarah Ma'amarot [Ten Words]. Frankfurt-on-the-Oder. 1680. On the ten divine words which, according to Pirkei Avot, were used in the creation of the world.
* Zeʾēv, Avrāhām Ben-Binyāmîn (1685). Zera' Avraham [Abraham's Seed]. Sulzbach. On the connections between the weekly Torah portions.
* Perush 'al 'Eser 'Atarot [Commentary on the Ten Crowns]. Frankfurt-on-the-Oder. 1698. A kabbalistic treatise on the Ten Commandments.
# Žarko Vekić

Žarko Vekić (Serbian: Жарко Векић, born 1 May 1967) is a Serbian sprint canoeist who competed as an Independent Olympic Participant at the 1992 Summer Olympics in Barcelona. He was eliminated in the repechages of both the K-1 500 m and the K-2 1000 m events.
In the K-1 500 meters, Vekić finished 6th in his heat, and then 6th again in Repechage 1, where only the top 4 advanced to the semifinals.
# Grand-disciple

Grand-disciple or academic grandson (or granddaughter) (German: Enkelschüler) are terms sometimes used in academic contexts or contexts relating to fine arts, and denote someone whose mentor or teacher was himself (or herself) a student of a famous representative of that discipline, such as a famous composer or a Nobel Prize-winning scientist.
The term implies that knowledge, techniques and/or skills are transferred from the "grandfather" to the "grand-disciple," borrowing from kinship terminology. The term Enkelschüler is fairly common in German, but similar terms are also used in English to some extent. In German a doctoral advisor is also usually referred to as a Doktorvater, a "doctoral father," similarly modelled on kinship terminology.
# The Age of Seventeen

The Age of Seventeen (German: Die Siebzehnjährigen) is a 1929 German silent film directed by Georg Asagaroff and starring Grete Mosheim, Hans Adalbert Schlettow and Martin Herzberg. It was shot at the Terra Studios in Berlin. The film's art direction was by Hans Jacoby.

## Cast

* Grete Mosheim as Erika Sörensen
* Hans Adalbert Schlettow as Werner von Lingen
* Martin Herzberg as Gert von Lingen
* Vera Baranovskaya as Annemarie von Lingen
* Eduard von Winterstein as Erik Sörensen
* Carl Balhaus as Gerts Freund Martin
* Gerhard Ritterband as Gerts Freund Hans
* Eva Speyer as Mutter Schwarz
* Manfred Voss as Primaner Schwarz
* Heinrich Gotho
# COSEDA Technologies

The COSEDA Technologies GmbH is a software development company located in Dresden, Germany that was founded in 2015 as a spin-off from the Fraunhofer Institute or Integrated Circuits IIS, Division Engineering of Adaptive Systems EAS, one of the largest research institutions in the field of design automation in Europe.
The Company's design environment COSIDE, is the first commercially available design environment based on SystemC as well as on SystemC AMS standards. The company also provides the only publicly available proof of concept to the SystemC AMS-Standard IEEE 1666.1-2016.
# Kabud Khani-ye Olya

Kabud Khani-ye Olya (Persian: كبودخاني عليا, also Romanized as Kabūd Khānī-ye ‘Olyā; also known as Kabūdkhāneh, Kabūd Khānī, and Kabūd Khānī-ye Bālā) is a village in Panjeh Ali-ye Jonubi Rural District, in the Central District of Qorveh County, Kurdistan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 371, in 85 families. The village is populated by Kurds.
# Republican Party of Ukraine

The Republican Party of Ukraine (Ukrainian: Республіканська Партія України) is a political party in Ukraine registered in March 2005. At the legislative elections of 26 March 2006, the party was part of the Opposition Bloc "Ne Tak". The party did not participate in the 2007 election.
# 2007 term per curiam opinions of the Supreme Court of the United States

The Supreme Court of the United States handed down six per curiam opinions during its 2007 term, which began October 1, 2007 and concluded September 30, 2008.
Because per curiam decisions are issued from the Court as an institution, these opinions all lack the attribution of authorship or joining votes to specific justices. All justices on the Court at the time the decision was handed down are assumed to have participated and concurred unless otherwise noted.

## Court membership

Chief Justice: John Roberts
Associate Justices: John Paul Stevens, Antonin Scalia, Anthony Kennedy, David Souter, Clarence Thomas, Ruth Bader Ginsburg, Stephen Breyer, Samuel Alito

## Allen v. Siebert

552 U.S. 3 Decided November 5, 2007. Eleventh Circuit reversed and remanded.
The Court held that because Siebert's petition for state postconviction relief was rejected as untimely by the Alabama courts, it was not "properly filed" under §2244(d)(2). Accordingly, he was not entitled to tolling of AEDPA’s 1-year statute of limitations.
Stevens filed a dissent, joined by Ginsburg.

## Arave v. Hoffman

552 U.S. 117 Decided January 7, 2008. Ninth Circuit vacated and remanded.

## Wright v. Van Patten

552 U.S. 120 Decided January 7, 2008. Seventh Circuit reversed and remanded.
Stevens filed an opinion concurring in the judgment.

## Medellín v. Texas

554 U.S. 759 Decided August 5, 2008. Applications for stay of execution and petition for a writ of habeas corpus denied.
Stevens, Souter, Ginsburg, and Breyer filed dissents.
# Surom

Surom (Persian: سورم, also Romanized as Sūrom) is a village in Gurab Zarmikh Rural District, Mirza Kuchek Janghli District, Sowme'eh Sara County, Gilan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 302, in 75 families.
# In a Way

In a Way (stylized as IN A WAY) is the debut mini-album by Japanese-American recording artist Joe Inoue, originally released on September 19, 2007. The album only stayed on the Oricon Weekly Album Charts for one week, peaking at number 220.

## Track listing

All songs are written, composed, and performed by Joe Inoue.
* "Nowhere" – 3:45
* "Kakusei" (覚醒, "Wide Awake") – 3:26
* "Pa! Pa! Pa!" (パッパッパ, Pappappa) – 3:22
* "Shinkai" (深海, "Deep Sea") – 3:32
* "Hummingbird" (ハミングバード, Hamingubādo) – 3:22
# Rally for Progress and Renewal

The Rally for Progress and Renewal (French: Rassemblement pour le Progrès et le Renouveau, RPR) is a political party in Benin.

## History

The party was established in 1998, and contested the 1999 elections in an alliance with the National Union for Solidarity and Development. The two parties received 2.2% of the vote, winning a single seat, taken by the RPR's Valentin Aditi Houdé.
In May 2014 the party joined the National Alliance for Development and Democracy. The Alliance won four seats in the 2015 parliamentary elections.
# Kokkoris

Kokkoris (Greek: Κόκκορης) is a Greek surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Aristidis Kokkoris (born 1998), Greek footballer
* Hristos Kokkoris (born 1942), Greek chess master
# Les Cars

Les Cars (French pronunciation:; Occitan: Los Cars) is a commune in the Haute-Vienne department in the Nouvelle-Aquitaine region in western France.
# Babë Dud Karbunara

Babë Dud Karbunara (22 April 1842 – 19 December 1917), born Jorgji Karbunara was an Albanian teacher and politician. He was one of the signatories of the Albanian Declaration of Independence.

## Early life

His grandfather had moved from Trozhar near Tërpan to Berat, where his son Theodhor later worked as a gold work embroiderer. Babë Dud Karbunara, son of Theodhor, was born as Jorgji Karbunara on April 22, 1842, in the Kala neighborhood of Berat. He initially studied in Corfu and later continued his studies in Trieste.

## Career

During the League of Prizren era he started an emigre branch of the organization in Corfu. Karbunara's activism primarily focused on the opening of Albanian-language schools in his native region, Berat. Karbunara's activity as a teacher of Albanian was banned in the 1890s and it led to his house being burnt by Ottoman agents on September 14, 1894. After the establishment of the 1908 constitution, along with other Rilindas of the city, he opened two Albanian-language schools in Berat. During the Albanian Revolt of 1912 he organized the assembly of Sinjë, where the rebel bands of southern Albania signed the memorandum of Sinjë, a list of demands regarding Albanian rights in the Ottoman state.
In November 1912, he participated as a delegate and signatory of Berat in the Assembly of Vlorë, in which the independence of Albania was declared and a national congress was formed. The deputies of the national congress also elected eighteen delegates of the assembly to form the Albanian Senate, of which Ajdin Draga was a member as a senator of Berat. On June 30, 1914, he was attacked by pro-Ottoman Islamic rebels led by Essadist Musa Qazimi. He was brutally beaten after being questioned "Are you Albanian or Osman (Ottoman)?", and after answering "Albanian, just like you are".

## Death

He died on December 19, 1917, and was buried in the cemetery of St. George's church of the city. The ceremony was held in Mangalem neighborhood church, with a huge participation of the town's population. Vatra's musical band came from Boston to pay respect to him at his grave.

## Honours

In 1937, a bust of Karbunara by sculptor Dhimitër Çani was presented in Berat, while during the Communist era he was posthumously awarded the Mësues i Popullit (English: Teacher of the People) medal. Today, a high school in Berat keeps the name "Babë Dud Karbunara" in his honour.
# Antoine and Sebastian

Antoine and Sebastian (French: Antoine et Sébastien) is a 1974 French comedy-drama film directed by Jean-Marie Périer and starring François Périer, Jacques Dutronc, Ottavia Piccolo and Keith Carradine.

## Cast

* François Périer as Antoine
* Jacques Dutronc as Sébastien
* Ottavia Piccolo as Nathalie
* Keith Carradine as John
* Marisa Pavan as Mathilde
* Marie Dubois as Corinne
* Pierre Tornade as Max
* Jacques François as The Captain
* Hadi Kalafate as Gamelle
* Jean Michaud as The Editor
* Olivier Hussenot as Géraldi
* Francine Custer as Jérichote
* Robert Deslandes as Raymond
* Oreste Lionello as Ledieu
# Frustberg House

The Frustberg House, also known as the Tiefbrunn House, is a former property and a baroque brick manor house at Frustberg in the Hamburg borough of Groß Borstel. The property became a summer residence for wealthy Hamburg citizens from 1651. The current house was built in the early 18th century by the cloth merchant Eybert Tiefbrunn, and his coat of arms is still found over the main entrance door, with the year 1703 inscribed. The building is a rare example of a baroque brick building from the era. In the 19th century, the property included an estate of 605 hectare (6050 decare) land, and the manor house was surrounded by 7 hectare (70 decare) park.
From 1793 to 1823, the manor house was owned by the Berenberg/Gossler banking family and was well known as a meeting place of Hamburg high society with many famous regular guests such as Gebhard Leberecht von Blücher and Philipp Otto Runge. It served as the summer residence of Elisabeth Gossler née Berenberg, the matriarch of the family. Her, at that time deceased, husband was Johann Hinrich Gossler, a great-grandson of Eybert Tiefbrunn, for whom the house was built a century earlier.
In 1823, the Gossler family sold the property to Wilhelm Schröder, who was married to Salomon Heine's eldest daughter Fanny. Their grandson Otto Nanne owned the property from 1872 to 1906, when he sold it to the factory owner August Herbst. Due to financial difficulties, Herbst sold the property to the Hamburg government in 1928–29. Since 1937, the manor house has been listed as a cultural heritage site. The park had by 1957 been reduced to 4800 m$^2$. The manor house is traditionally known as the Frustberg House. The house was officially given the name Stavenhagenhaus in honour of the poet Fritz Stavenhagen [de] in 1962, with a ceremony presided over by Helmut Schmidt. However, Stavenhagen has no association with the house's history and the building is also referred to as the Frustberg House or as the Tiefbrunn House. The name Gossler House has also been used. The building is used for cultural events such as concerts.