OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# William Vick

William Vick (1833, Ebley – 15 April 1911, Merton) was an English photographer active in Ipswich, Suffolk from 1868 until the 1890s.
William was baptised in King's Stanley, Gloucestershire on 25 August 1833. He was the son of a millwright. His first marriage was to Joyce Webb in 1858 and his initial career was as a teacher in Cainscross, Gloucestershire. Joyce bore William three sons before dying, and William remarried Mary Ann Aga in 1865. In 1868 he bought the photographic business of William Cobb of Ipswich and the family settled in London Road, Ipswich. Cobb had been the photographic assistant to Richard Dykes Alexander, the prominent banker and pioneer photographer who had lived across the road from Cobb at Alexander House until his death in 1865.
Vick described himself as a "photographic artist" in the 1871 and 1881 censuses, but subsequently simply used the term "photographer". When he retired in 1899 he sold his stock of about 10,000 glass plate negatives which were purchased by public subscription and placed in Ipswich Museum. In 1950 these were then deposited in the Ipswich and East Suffolk Records Office.

## Gallery

* Curson Lodge 1890
* Stoke Bridge and Stoke Mill, Ipswich 1880
# Edward Cronshaw

Edward Cronshaw is an English sculptor. Cronshaw works exclusively in natural materials—wood, stone, fruit, bone—and casts them in bronze. His work is usually representative, but attempts to maintain the innate characteristics of the original material.

## Beginnings

Cronshaw was born near Blackburn, Lancashire, but brought up in the rural Pendle district, near a hill named Cronshaw's Seat. The farm was sold in 1997 although Cronshaw no longer lived there at that time. At present he lives in the West Riding town of Todmorden, in the Calderdale metropolitan district. His career as a sculptor began while he was living at Hebden Bridge.
Blackburn was Cronshaw's childhood home; he did a foundation course at Blackburn College. From there he went on to the Leeds School of Art and finished his BA at Saint Martin's School of Art in 1984.
In the years 1985 to 1986, Cronshaw studied for an MA in fine art at the Royal College of Art.

## Exhibitions and major works

Cronshaw's work has been displayed at galleries and exhibitions including the Rebecca Hossack gallery (London), the Caz gallery (Los Angeles), the Henry Moore Gallery (Leeds), the Royal Academy Summer Show, the Los Angeles International Contemporary Art Fair, the Liverpool Garden Festival and the Third World and Beyond International Art Fair in Sicily.
Cronshaw was commissioned to create sculptures for Liverpool City Council and for the Boots PLC head office in Nottingham. The latter was a 20 feet (6.1 m) statue of the earth goddess Gaia, Gaia's body clothed in 3,000 succulent plants intended to suggest the transitory nature of life. The statue was cast by means of the lost wax method at Cronshaw's studio/foundry at the Dean Clough complex in Halifax, Calderdale.
The sculpture created for Liverpool City Council was named 'The Great Escape' by Cronshaw. It is a bronze horse, 15 feet (4.6 m) high and 4 tons in weight, formed entirely from rope in a spaghetti fashion. At the tail a piece of rope extends to the ground where a life-size sculpture of a man steps on it, forcing the horse to rear and apparently unravel itself.
Currently Cronshaw is continuing to work on his popular Midas Project of bronze succulent plants, as well as initiating a campaign to improve the environment of his adopted home of Todmorden by placing sculptures in and around the town centre.
# Hirschbach Falls

The Hirschbach Falls (German: Hirschbachfälle) lie between St. Peter and Simonswald in that part of the High Black Forest, which is also considered part of the Central Black Forest. The main cascade, which is just under 20 metres high, falls into the Hirschbach stream in an ice age cirque in the valley of Simonswälder Tal, where it empties into the Zweribach, a tributary of the Wild Gutach. Another smaller waterfall lies 300 metres upstream.

## General

The Black Forest is well known for its numerous waterfalls. The reason for that is its high relief energy which is characterised by large changes in height over short distances which, is the topographical situation in the Simonswälder Tal. On the western side of the valley which drops 300–700 metres, the heavy ice age glaciation has given rise to cirque walls. The Hirschbach and Zweribach streams which initially flow through gently rolling highlands descend steeply into these cirques, which are over 300 metres, in a series of cascades, of which only the Zweribach Waterfalls are nationally well known.
The upper Hirschbach Fall drops over a small valley step formed by glacial activity in the high valley of the Gschwandersdobel on the southwestern corner of the protected Bannwald forest and nature reserve of Zweribach at a height of about 905 metres. It has a drop of just under five metres. The lower Hirschbach Fall, the main cascade, lies at a height of about 850 metres and drops just under 20 metres in four steps into the rugged cirque of Groß-Kar.
The Hirschbach Falls are only accessible on foot, either from the Simonswald village of Wildgutach or from the plateau of the Platte.

## Tourism

The lower Hirschbach Fall is the goal of numerous walks from the Simonswälder valley, the Hexenloch Mill or from St. Märgen, usually as part of a hike to the nearby Zweribach Waterfalls. Direct access is via the car park at the Zweribach Bridge / Hirschwinkelweg. From there, the waterfalls are well signposted: first the path runs steadily uphill, turns right after a left turn, heads past the Bruggerhof farm to the former farmstead of the burnt out Brunnenhof, of which the remains of the wall and chapel have survived. At this point, there is a campsite with a refuge hut. Above a fork in the path, keep to the left (the right branch leads to the Zweribach Waterfalls). The route then follows a narrow rock path, an overgrown scree slope and steps and walkways secured with ropes and railings, before reaching the waterfalls after walking for 600 metres steadily through the Bannwald forest. The marked trail then leads uphill in serpentines to a wide forest path between St. Märgen and Platte. The path continues, sometimes diverging to the right, and accompanying the Hirschbach valley on its orographically right-hand side to reach the upper fall.
* Remains of the Brunnenhof below the Hirschbach Falls
* Vesperplatz and chapel below the Hirschbach Falls
# Lake Sfânta Ana

Lake Sfânta Ana (Romanian pronunciation:; Hungarian: Szent Anna-tó; lit. 'Saint Anne Lake') is the only crater lake in Romania located in the volcanic crater of the Ciomad volcano of the Eastern Carpathians, near Tușnad in the Natural Reserve of Mohoș, Harghita County, Romania.
Palynology studies concluded that the history of Lake Saint Anne began about 9,800-8,800 years ago, at the stage of peat bog and shallow lake.
The depth of Saint Anne Lake is constantly decreasing. In 1867 it was 12 m, but now it is less than 7 m. In 2005, the maximum depth of the lake was 6.4 m and the sediment thickness was about 4 m. The lake is supplied exclusively from precipitation, therefore the degree of mineralization of the water is very low. The water purity approaches that of distilled water, with only 0.0029 ml mineral.
In winter, the lake is covered with a layer of ice of up to 1 m. The lake is part of the Mohos Nature Reserve.
Near the lake there is a Roman Catholic chapel dedicated to Saint Anne.
Swimming in the lake in general has been prohibited since April 2018. It is available only for sporting events under special permits.
# Novy Spas

Novy Spas (Russian: Новый Спас) is a rural locality (a village) in Petushinskoye Rural Settlement, Petushinsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 7 as of 2010. There are 4 streets.

## Geography

Novy Spas is located on the left bank of the Slezikha River, 20 km northwest of Petushki (the district's administrative centre) by road. Kostino is the nearest rural locality.
# National Christian Centre

The National Christian Centre (previously known as the National Ecumenical Centre and sometimes known as the National Church of Nigeria) is a non-denominational Christian church building, located in Abuja, the capital of Nigeria.

## History

The church was designed in a Postmodern version of the Neo-Gothic style by Nigerian architectural firm Darchiwork Group, located in Lagos.
The project was started around 1989, then lay dormant for several years until 2004, when the Christian Association of Nigeria organized a committee to ensure its speedy completion. The dedication, on 2 October 2005, coincided with the celebration of Nigeria’s 45th anniversary as an independent nation.
The dedication service was presided over by the Most Reverend Peter Akinola, the Anglican Primate of Nigeria.

## Layout and access

The church is built in a neo-Gothic style and has several pivoted arches with a wide nave leading to the altar. The altar, placed at the centre of the church completes a full rotation every ten minutes. A pipe organ is fitted to the right wing of the church, close to which sits the choir. Stained glass windows which employ a simple but attractive mix of yellow, green and red colours can be seen all around the church.
When not being used for Christian ceremonies, it is open to the public. Guided tours are available for anyone interested in having a look. In some cases, members of the public are only allowed to tour the church when accompanied by a guide.

## Gallery

* Interior of the church
* Pipe organ at the right wing of the church
* Arches seen in the church interior
* Garden by National church of Nigeria
# Repeat Dive

Repeat Dive (Hebrew: צלילה חוזרת, Tzlila Chozeret) is a 1982 Israeli drama film directed by Shimon Dotan. It was entered into the 32nd Berlin International Film Festival.

## Cast

* Mosko Alkalai
* Zaharira Harifai
* Dan Muggia
* Doron Nesher as Yoav
* Liron Nirgad
* Batia Rosenthal as Rachel
* Yair Rubin
* Dalia Shimko
* Ze'ev Shimshoni
* Ami Traub
# MedInvestTrade

Medinvesttrade (Ukrainian: ТОВ "Медінвесттрейд") was an association with limited liability, headquarters of which is located in Donetsk. On November 17, 2011 the Economic court of Zaporizhia Region adapted a decision to liquidate the bankrupted company Medinvesttrade.
The company became known after on September 25, 2007 it signed an exchange agreement with a state company Nadra Ukrayiny headed by Eduard Stavytsky, after which the state residence Mezhyhirya ended up in private hands. Previously, Nadra Ukrayiny received Mezhyhirya residence on July 11, 2007 after the transfer was approved by the Fund of State Property.
The exchange between Medinvesttrade and Nadra Ukrayiny involved number of real estates in Vyshhorod Raion and Kyiv city. Nadra Ukrayiny agreed to hand over buildings, structures, and other equipment of Pushcha-Vodytsia recreational complex in Novi Petrivtsi (addresses: 19 vulytsia Ivana Franka and 123a vulytsia Mezhyhirska) at an estimated price ₴91,771,620. In exchange Nadra Ukrayiny received complex of buildings in Kyiv (address: 3, 5, 7 Parkova doroha) with estimated price ₴93,115,419.
Next month in October 2007 Medinvesttrade file a lawsuit in the Economic court of Kyiv city about recognizing the exchange agreement as invalid, but has lost it and, thus, legalizing the process.
On November 19, 2007 Medinvesttrade sold the exchanged property to Tantalit.
# John Armstrong (footballer, born 1987)

John William Armstrong (born 25 June 1987) is a Scottish professional footballer who plays for Edinburgh United.

## Career

Armstrong was selected for the Lothian Schools XI in 2002 while a pupil at Beeslack High School (Penicuik), along with other Hearts youngsters Jason Thomson, David Gray and Andrew Driver. He joined Hearts from their youth system and tasted his first involvement of senior action when he was named as an unused substitute in their Scottish Premier League match against Dunfermline Athletic on 2 January 2007. He made his debut as a substitute at the same venue on 3 February 2007, as Dunfermline beat Hearts 1–0 in the Scottish Cup.
He joined Cowdenbeath on a season-long loan in July 2007, and was again loaned to Cowdenbeath in the 2008–09 season. On 13 October 2009 the defender left Hearts to return to Cowdenbeath, signing a two-year deal with the side. After six years with the club, Cowdenbeath agreed to terminate Armstrong's contract in November 2015 to enable him to pursue other career opportunities. Shortly after leaving Cowdenbeath, Armstrong signed for Scottish Junior side Edinburgh United.
# Széchenyi Prize

The Széchenyi Prize (Hungarian: Széchenyi-díj), named after István Széchenyi, is a prize given in Hungary by the state, replacing the former State Prize in 1990 in recognition of those who have made an outstanding contribution to academic life in Hungary.

## Recipients

* Alex Szalay - 1991
* Agnes Heller - 1995
* Cseh-Szombathy László, ifj. - 1994
* Eösze László - 2013
* János Kornai - 1994
* Vera T. Sós - 1997
* György Enyedi - 1998
* Miklós Laczkovich - 1998
* Thomas Molnar - 2000
* Gyula O. H. Katona - 2005
* Katalin Keserü - 2007
* Mihály Simai - 2007
* András Szőllősy - 2007
* László Lovász - 2008
* András Jánossy - 2009
* Mária Augusztinovics – 2010
* András Sárközy - 2010
* Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi - 2011
* László Lénárd - 2011
* Lajos Pósa - 2011
* Gábor Stépán - 2011
* Endre Szemerédi (2012)
* György Kéri - 2013
* Telegdy Gyula - 2014
* Mária Schmidt, Miklós Simonovits -
* Péter Erdő, Miklós Maróth (2016)
* Béla Bollobás (2017)
* Katalin Karikó (2021)
* András Perczel (2021)
* György Bagdy (2022)
# Sarah Enany

Sarah Enany (Arabic: ساره عناني) is a literary translator.
She has a PhD in drama and teaches at Cairo University.
She has translated works by Yusuf Idris, Mohamed Salmawy and Ahmed Aboul Gheit, but she is best known for her translation of the Galal trilogy by Kamal Ruhayyim. The first volume of the trilogy, Diary of a Jewish Muslim, was nominated for the Banipal Prize. Her translation of The Girl with Braided Hair by Rasha Adly was also nominated for the Banipal Prize for Arabic Literary Translation in 2021.
She also authored the acclaimed Arabic translation of Les Misérables.
# Vashury

Vashury (Russian: Вашуры) is a rural locality (a village) in Frolovskoye Rural Settlement, Permsky District, Perm Krai, Russia. The population was 4 as of 2010. There is 1 street.

## Geography

Vashury is located 15 km southeast of Perm (the district's administrative centre) by road. Deriby is the nearest rural locality.
# Central institution

A central institution (CI) was a type of higher education institute in 20th and 21st-century Scotland, responsible for providing degree-level education but emphasising teaching rather than research. Some had a range of courses similar to polytechnics elsewhere in the United Kingdom while others were more specialised such as the art colleges and the conservatoire. Some subjects were not taught at CIs; for example, teacher training was only carried out by colleges of education, which later merged with universities.
Amongst the most common names for individual CIs were college of agriculture, college of art, and institute of technology. Of the five colleges of technology, Napier and Glasgow eventually changed their names to include the word polytechnic, Paisley took the name Paisley College, while Dundee and Robert Gordon became institutes of technology. Another CI, Leith Nautical College, Edinburgh, closed in 1987 by merger into the further education sector. Academic degrees were validated by the Council for National Academic Awards until 1992.
Like polytechnic, the term central institution is now rarely used since most of these institutions entered the university sector in 1992 when the Further and Higher Education Act 1992 came into effect. Those are referred to as post-1992 universities.

## List

The number of central institutions varied, but in 1988 the list included the following, several of which now have university status.
* Duncan of Jordanstone College of Art, Dundee (now part of the University of Dundee)
* Dundee Institute of Technology, Dundee (now Abertay University)
* East of Scotland College of Agriculture, Edinburgh (now part of the Scottish Agricultural College)
* Edinburgh College of Art, Edinburgh (now part of the University of Edinburgh)
* Glasgow College of Technology, Glasgow (later Glasgow Polytechnic, now part of Glasgow Caledonian University)
* The Glasgow School of Art, Glasgow
* Napier Polytechnic, of Edinburgh (now Edinburgh Napier University).
* North of Scotland College of Agriculture, Aberdeen (now part of the Scottish Agricultural College)
* Paisley College of Technology, Paisley (now University of the West of Scotland)
* Queen Margaret University College, formerly Queen Margaret College, Edinburgh (now Queen Margaret University)
* The Queen's College, Glasgow (now part of Glasgow Caledonian University)
* Robert Gordon's Institute of Technology, Aberdeen (now The Robert Gordon University)
* The Royal Scottish Academy of Music and Drama, Glasgow
* Scottish College of Textiles, Galashiels (now part of Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh)
* The West of Scotland College, Auchincruive (now part of the Scottish Agricultural College)

### Sources

* The Central Institutions (Recognition) (Scotland) Regulations 1988
* Records from the Queen's College, Glasgow
* Leith Nautical College 1846 - 1987
# Walenty Żebrowski

Walenty Żebrowski (died 15 May 1765 in Kalisz) was a notable 18th-century Polish painter and a member of the Bernardine order.
It has been documented that Walenty Żebrowski was a native of Lubawa and that his given name at birth was Antoni. However, as was common in the era, the specific year, or even decade, of his birth remained unrecorded. Nearly two-and-a-half centuries after his death in Kalisz, he is remembered as the creative artist behind a series of late-baroque polychromes in Bernardine churches in Poznań, Warsaw, Warta, Skępe, Ostrołęka and Kalisz.
# Reformed Church of Saint-Étienne, Moudon

The Reformed Church of Saint-Étienne (French: église réformée Saint-Étienne), also known as the Temple of Saint-Étienne (French: Temple de Saint-Étienne), is a Protestant church located in the municipality of Moudon, canton of Vaud, Switzerland. It is a parish church of the Evangelical Reformed Church of the Canton of Vaud. It is listed as a heritage site of national significance.

## History

The church of Saint-Étienne was first mentioned in 1134–1143, even though it may have been built earlier. It was situated outside the Medieval village and was the counterpart of the Chapelle Notre-Dame located on the hill. The church was nicknamed "the cathedral of Broye", a region around the Broye river, by the residents of Moudon. It was modelled after the Gothic style. After a bell tower was added in 1420, the church was enlarged and renovated between 1495 and 1499, then again between 1499 and 1502. Paintings were added to the vaults between 1506 and 1511.
After the conquest by the canton of Bern in 1536, the side altars and the statues of the church were destroyed and the building became a Reformed temple. The building was restored several times (mainly the interior) around 1563 (when a new stone communion table was added) and 1695 (new pulpit made of molasse). The organ and the current rostrums were installed in 1764.
The church was listed among the Cultural Property of National Significance.
* Photographs of the nave
* A photograph by Albert Naef [fr], 1912
* The nave
* The vaults ahead of the choir
* Paintings (detail)
* Photographs of the organ
* From the choir
* From the gallery
* The keyboards
* The stops
* Decorative mouldings
* A cherub
# Shrine of Khwaja Abu Nasr Parsa

The Shrine of Khawaja Abu Nasr Parsa, located in Balkh, Afghanistan, is a mausoleum dedicated to the Naqshbandi mystic and religious teacher, Khwaja Abu Nasr Parsa. Today it is part of the Green Mosque complex.

## History

Khwaja Abu Nasr Parsa died in 1461, and later on a mausoleum was erected over his grave by the Timurid general, Mir Mazid Arghun. Yet some sources state it to be the Timurid ruler Mir Jalal al-Din Farid Arghun. The mausoleum and the adjoining mosque were renovated by the Shaybanid governor Abdul-Mo'min bin Abdullah Khan in the late 16th century.
In modern times, the site fell into disrepair during the Soviet-Afghan war.

## Architecture

The plan of the shrine is a chambered square enveloping a cross-shaped dome chamber aligned with the qibla along the southwest-northeast axis. Its elevation is outshadowed by the monumental portal screen and dome. Eight openings allow light to enter the dome, but some of them have cracked, revealing the inner structure of the dome. The dome has a base of muqarnas and the bottom part is covered with floral designs and ceramic tiles. Underneath the dome chamber, underground, there is a crypt containing an unmarked tomb, said to be that of Abu Nasr Parsa. A column was added later to support the crown of the crypt vault.

## Location of the grave of Khwaja Abu Nasr Parsa

Local tradition maintains that the tomb of the Khwaja is outside the main entrance iwan of the building. However, upon excavation of a crypt below the building, an unmarked tomb was discovered. Researchers identified this grave as that of Khwaja Abu Nasr Parsa.
# Core Relocations

The Core Relocations (Spanish: Reubicación Núcleos) are a neighborhood composed of three circular settlements located on the outskirts of Chalatenango, El Salvador. The Core Relocations were built by the Salvadoran government during the 1970s to relocated almost 10,000 people displaced by the flooding of the Cerrón Grande Reservoir.

## History

From 1973 to 1976, the Salvadoran government flooded 15,000 acres (6,100 ha) of land in northern El Salvador following the completion of the Cerrón Grande Hydroelectric Dam, and the subsequent formation of the Cerrón Grande Reservoir led to the displacement of 10,000 people. Most of these people were relocated to a camp known as El Dorado just north of the reservoir. Located in the municipality (now district) of Chalatenango, the camp eventually turned into the Core Relocation neighborhood divided into three circular settlements known as Core Relocation #1, Core Relocation #2, and Core Relocation #3. In 1975, the Executive Hydroelectric Commission of the Lempa River (CEL) designated Core Relocation #2 as the administrative center of the neighborhood.
In 1992, a bill was proposed in the Legislative Assembly of El Salvador to elevate the neighborhood to the status of a municipality, separating it from Chalatenango. Lawmakers did not act on the proposal, and by 1995, the proposal was abandoned.

## Infrastructure

The Core Relocations are located north of the Cerrón Grande Reservoir on the western outskirts of the Chalatenango district. The Motochico River flows between Core Relocation #1 and Core Relocations #2 and #3. The Carretera Longitudinal del Norte runs just north of the three Core Relocations. Core Relocations #1 and #2 are directly connected to the Carretera Longitudinal del Norte, while a road connects Core Relocation #3 to Core Relocation #2. The La Prosperidad bridge crosses the Motochico River; the bridge was destroyed in June 2017 by heavy floods, and a US$2.5 million reconstruction project rebuilt the bridge by October 2018.
The Core Relocations are organized into circular formations. Most of the neighborhood's services, including schools, health clinics, and a museum, are located in Core Relocation #2. Each Core Relocation has a church. Bus route 300 connects the Core Relocations to downtown Chalatenango. The Core Relocations use the postal code 1301.
Core Relocation #1 is nicknamed "Areneros" after one of the cantons submerged by the Cerrón Grande Reservoir's flooding.

## Economy

As of 2008, according to José Baltasar Menjívar, the then-vice president of ADESCO (a company located in Core Relocation #3), most residents of the Core Relocations are fishermen, farmers, or ranchers.