OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Radio Biafra

Radio Biafra, also known as Voice of Biafra, is a radio station and a trademark that was founded by the defunct Republic of Biafra. It was operated by Mazi Nnamdi Kanu, the IPOB leader and Alphonsus Uche Okafor-Mefor who served as the deputy director. It is believed to have its first transmission before the Nigeria-Biafra war, the radio station was instrumental in the broadcast of speeches and propaganda by Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu to the people of the Republic of Biafra.

## Transmission

Now based in the United Kingdom, Radio Biafra transmits via the internet and shortwave broadcast targeted to the Eastern Nigeria, with their contents broadcast in English and Igbo. Radio Biafra claims to be broadcasting the ideology of Biafra –"Freedom of the Biafran people".

## Controversy

Radio Biafra has been met with mixed reactions. While some critics have criticized the station for "inciting war" through its programmes and "preaching hate messages" against Nigeria which it refers to as a “zoo”, an editor for Sahara Reporters wrote in defence of the radio station after he compared Radio Biafra with the British Broadcasting Corporation Hausa service.
On 14 July 2015, it was reported in the media that the radio station had been jammed because it did not have a broadcast licence from the Nigerian Broadcasting Commission. However, the radio station in a swift reaction labelled such claims as "lies" and went on to release its new frequency details to the public.
# Sad-e Gaveshan

Sad-e Gaveshan (Persian: سد گاوشان, also Romanized as Sad-e Gāveshān) is a village in Sursur Rural District, Muchesh District, Kamyaran County, Kurdistan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 43, in 15 families. The village is populated by Kurds.
# Lešek Boubela

Lešek Boubela (7 January 1910 – 18 October 1989) was a Czech water polo player. He competed in the men's tournament at the 1936 Summer Olympics.
# Fishel Hershkowitz

Ephraim Fishel Hershkowitz (Hebrew: אפרים פישל הערשקאוויטש) (2 October 1922 – 27 May 2017), the Haleiner Rav, was an American Hasidic rabbi, the senior Klausenburger dayan in Williamsburg, Brooklyn, New York. He was a respected elder in the American Orthodox community.

## Early life

Ephraim Fishel was born on Yom Kippur 1922 (10 Tishrei 5683) in the city of Mukačevo, Czechoslovakia (present-day Zakarpattia Oblast, Ukraine). His father, Rabbi Shlomo Hershkowitz, and his grandfather, Rabbi Avraham Hershkowitz (author of Birkas Avraham al HaTorah) were loyal Spinka Hasidim. When he was older, Ephraim Fishel would accompany them to visit the Spinka Rebbe, Grand Rabbi Isaac Weiss (1875–1944) on every Yom Tov.
As a boy, Ephraim Fishel learned in the local Talmud Torah in Munkács. When he was ready to attend yeshiva, his father did not want to send him to one of the large, Ashkenazi yeshivas of the time for fear that he would lose his Hasidic fervor. Thus, he remained in Munkacs, learning with other bachurim in the Spinka kloiz (synagogue) without a Rav or rosh yeshiva. Occasionally he would ask questions of his uncle, Rabbi Dovid Schlussel, who was a dayan in the rabbinical court of Rabbi Chaim Elazar Spira in Munkacs.

## Leadership

Rabbi Hershkowitz played an active role in judging cases of agunahs after the September 11 attacks.
He also gave his approbation to hundreds of sefarim and many organizations benefiting the Jewish world.
He was one of the leading American rabbis honored at the Eleventh Annual Siyum HaShas in Madison Square Garden in 2005, where he read the beginning of Masekhet Berakhot.
# Svobodnoye, Leningrad Oblast

Svobodnoye (Russian: Свобо́дное; Finnish: Kirvu) is a rural locality on Karelian Isthmus, in Vyborgsky District, Leningrad Oblast in Russia. Until the Winter War and Continuation War, it was the administrative center of the Kirvu municipality of the Viipuri province of Finland.
It is the birthplace of Juho Niukkanen (1888–1954) and Liisi Beckmann (1924–2004).
61°4′58.8″N 29°18′0″E﻿ / ﻿61.083000°N 29.30000°E﻿ / 61.083000; 29.30000
* This Leningrad Oblast location article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
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# Amna Elsadik Badri

Amna Elsadik Badri (Arabic: آمنة الصادق بدري) is a Sudanese academic, writer, and activist, focusing on women's education in Sudan. She is the vice president for academic affairs at Ahfad University for Women, the first women's college in the country, where she has taught since 1973.

## Early life and education

Amna Elsadik Badri was born in Omdurman, Sudan. She graduated from Omdurman High School in 1969 and then attended the University of Khartoum, where she obtained a bachelor's degree in 1975. After receiving a master's degree in economics from the University of California in 1978, she returned to the University of Khartoum, where she graduated with a Ph.D. in 1987.

## Academic career

Since 1973, Badri has worked as a professor at the Ahfad University for Women, Sudan's first women's college. She is one of many professors at this institution, who are members of the extended Badri family, which founded the school.
She is the university's longtime vice president for academic affairs. In this role, she represents Northern Africa at the Forum for African Women Vice Chancellors.
Since 1987, Badri has overseen the university's feminist publication, The Ahfad Journal. She has frequently spoken out against the cultural and traditional barriers to women's education in Sudan.
In 2019, Badri was named among the potential candidates to serve as minister of education in the cabinet of Sudan's new prime minister, Abdalla Hamdok. The post eventually was filled by Mohammed el-Amin el-Tom.

## Writing

Badri is considered a pioneer of women's journalism in Sudan for her work on The Ahfad Journal and other projects. Her essay "Women's Studies - and a New Village Stove" was included in the 1984 feminist anthology Sisterhood Is Global. In 1999, she wrote a book on adult literacy referring to speakers of Arabic with Asya Makkawi Ahmed which was published by UNESCO in Cairo.
Other works include various Arabic-language books and essays on female genital mutilation, internally displaced women in Sudan, women in post-conflict peace building, and similar subjects.
# Telvyakovo

Telvyakovo (Russian: Тельвяково) is a rural locality (a village) in Kiprevskoye Rural Settlement, Kirzhachsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 39 as of 2010. There are 12 streets.

## Geography

Telvyakovo is located on the Vakhchilka River, 12 km southeast of Kirzhach (the district's administrative centre) by road. Akulovo is the nearest rural locality.
# Sauze, Alpes-Maritimes

Sauze (French pronunciation:; Occitan: Sause) is a commune in the Alpes-Maritimes department in southeastern France.
# Leon Kaiser

Leon Kaiser (born 6 January 2000) is a German cross-country cyclist.
He participated at the 2018 UCI Mountain Bike World Championships, winning a medal.
# Châteauneuf-d'Oze

Châteauneuf-d'Oze (French:; Occitan: Chasteunòu d'Auza) is a commune in the Hautes-Alpes department in southeastern France.
# Émosson Dam

The Émosson Dam (French: Barrage d'Émosson) is a hydroelectric dam development located in Switzerland in the canton of Valais.

## History

A company (Électricité d'Émosson SA) was created in 1954 to build the dam. The Franco-Swiss development, because of the source of capital, uses different pumping water sites and power generation plants. The construction was decided in April 1967. Previously, a border change was made so that the work was entirely on Swiss territory. Indeed, the border would have cut the dam into two. The communes concerned therefore conducted an exchange of territories, endorsed in 1963. Work began in 1967, and commissioning took place in 1975, eight years later. There was already a first dam on the course of the Barberine [fr], the Barberine Dam, owned by Swiss Federal Railways, for which it was necessary to obtain the authorisation to immerse the earlier structure in the reservoir of the new construction.

## Origin of the waters

Three collectors transport the water to the Émosson Dam.
The South Collector picks up the waters of the Argentière Glacier, the Tour Glacier [fr] and the Lognan Glacier, mainly by subglacial water intakes. A free flow gallery of 8.55 km (5.31 mi) length leads the water by gravity to a shielded well where the water crosses the Trient Valley and then rises, always by gravity to the dam.
The West Collector picks up the waters of the French vallies of Bérard and Tré-les-eaux. These waters are channelled by free-flow in a gallery of 7.95 km (4.94 mi) directly to the dam.
The East Collector captures waters of La Fouly and below the Trient Glacier and led by a gallery of more than 18 km (11 mi) long to the Esserts basin, hence the water is either turbined directly at the Vallorcine power station, or pumped into the Émosson reservoir.

## Location

The dam is located in the Canton of Valais, on the left bank of the Rhône above Martigny. It is fed by the waters of the Mont Blanc massif. The Émosson Dam is Switzerland's third highest dam after the Grande Dixence and Mauvoisin Dams.
# Femmes françaises

Femmes françaises (French: French women) was a feminist and communist women's magazine which was launched in 1944 and was the publication of the feminist social movement Femmes solidaires. The publisher of the magazine was France d'abord. The magazine was published on a weekly basis. In 1948 the magazine sold 5,600 copies. It ceased publication in 1957 and was succeeded by another feminist magazine, Clara.
From October 1949 to May 1952 Élise Fraysse was redactor in chief of Femmes françaises. Her coverage of events leading to Tunisian independence resulted in her imprisonment in 1952.
# Ultimate Card Games

Ultimate Card Games is a game created by German studio Cosmigo and published by Telegames for the Game Boy Advance and Nintendo DS platforms. It contains several thinking games, such as Poker and Solitaire. Ultimate Card Games for the Nintendo DS was initially scheduled for release in spring of 2005. After numerous delays, an October 2007 press release from Nintendo placed the game's release in March 2008, but the game was not shipped to retailers. Ultimate Card Games DS was in development and testing until November 8, 2011.

## Games

It includes the following card games:
* Hearts
* Spades
* Bridge
* Euchre
* Cribbage
* Canasta
* Gin Rummy
* Go Fish
* Crazy Eights
* Five Card Stud Poker
* Blackjack
# FC Saransk

FC Saransk (Russian: ФК «Саранск») was a Russian football team based in Saransk.

## Club history

FC Mordovia Saransk, which represented Saransk in the Russian Premier League for several seasons, went bankrupt and lost professional status in August 2020, leaving Saransk as the only 2018 FIFA World Cup host city without a professional team, and Mordovia Arena without a tenant. On 11 April 2021, the acting head of Republic of Mordovia Artyom Zdunov ordered to create a new professional club in the city, and FC Saransk was created.
The new club was licensed for the third-tier Russian FNL 2 for the 2021–22 season in June 2021. The club did not receive the license for the 2022–23 season due to lack of financing and was subsequently dissolved.
# Mohamed Amekrane

Mohamed Amekrane (Arabic: محمد أمقران; 1938 – 13 January 1973) was a Moroccan air force officer who was executed after the 1972 coup attempt against King Hassan II of Morocco, known as the "coup of the aviators".

## Background

Mohamed Amekrane was born in the Rif in 1938. In 1963 he married Malika Amekrane (born 12 August 1939), a German national. They had two children: Rashid was born on 3 February 1964 and Yasmina on 26 February 1965. Lieutenant Colonel Amekrane became the commander of the Moroccan air force base at Kenitra. His command included Northrop F-5 fighter jets supplied by the U.S.

## Coup attempt

In 1972 the Minister of National Defense, Mohamed Oufkir, launched a scheme to assassinate King Hassan II of Morocco. He was assisted by Amekrane and another senior officer. Amekrane's motives appear to have been patriotic, directed against the elite whom he considered to have looted his country following independence.
On 16 August 1972 King Hassan II was returning from a trip to France in a Boeing 727 passenger airplane. Four F-5 jets from the Kenitra base attacked the king's plane when it entered Moroccan air space, but although it was hit by many bullets it was not disabled and the king was unhurt. The passenger plane was able to land safely at Rabat-Salé Airport. Later, air force units attacked the Rabat-Salé Airport and the Royal Palace of Rabat, causing some deaths.

## Aftermath

The same evening Oufkir was called to the palace, where he died of multiple bullet wounds. His death was officially said to have been a suicide.
After learning that the attack had failed, Amekrane ordered the crew of a helicopter to transport him and another officer to Gibraltar, where he requested asylum. At first they were held in the officers mess, but later were imprisoned in Lathbury Barracks. They were told this was for their own protection. After brief negotiations between the British and Moroccan governments, a Moroccan air force unit landed in Gibraltar and took the fugitives back to Morocco. The British Foreign Secretary Sir Alec Douglas-Home later said that the Moroccans had assured that the two would not be executed.
Amekrane was tried and sentenced to death by a Moroccan court. He was executed by a firing squad on 13 January 1973. He was buried at Chefchaouen on 15 January 1973. A large crowd attended his funeral. Eleven pilots were sentenced to death after a short trial. Thirty-five others were given prison terms, which they served in solitary confinement in Tazmamart prison in the southeastern desert.
The day after the attempted coup, Malika Amekrane left the country with her children and went into hiding. She appealed to the British for compensation under the European Convention on Human Rights. The British denied liability but made an ex-gratia payment of £37,500.
# Bardeh Gureh

Bardeh Gureh (Persian: برده گوره, also Romanized as Bardeh Gūreh; also known as Bard-e Kūr) is a village in Mangur-e Gharbi Rural District, in the Central District of Piranshahr County, West Azerbaijan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 114, in 16 families.
# Cloonmorris Ogham stone

The Cloonmorris Ogham Stone is an ancient monument at Saint Michael's Church, Bornacoola, County Leitrim, in Ireland.

## Description

It is the only Ogham inscribed stone to be recorded in County Leitrim. First examined by Mac Neill in 1909, the stone then marked the Kellagher family burial plot "opposite the middle of the eastern gable of the ruin" of Cloonmorris church. The c. 0.85m long stone dates to c. 400 – c. 550, has an ecclesiastical association, and is not definitely post-apocope.
The defaced inscription makes accurate reading difficult. The inscription reads G..T..........QENUVEN, or QENUVEN[--, expanding to "QENUVEN[DI--" and translating to "QVENVENDANI", "(hair of the) head" + "fair" + diminutive suffix. Korlev interpreted the inscription as "G(A)T[TAGNI MAQI MUCOI (?)] QENUVEN[DI]" while Gippert (1978) suggested the inscription was "QENOVENAGNI MAQI C MUCOI LUGUDDECCAS" marking the genealogy Cenannяn m. Ceise m. Lugdech?
MacNeill thought the stone was probably the memorial of one Qenuvin-dagnas (Irish: Ceanannán, Ceannán). In Wales the name Qennovindagni occurs on a British-Latin inscription at Parcau near Whitland in Carmarthenshire, and is believed to identify a person of Gaelic, rather than Brythonic, origin. Scholars noted the Cloonmorris is "hardly a stone's throw from the boundary" between Longford and Leitrim, the stone standing inside the historic Conmhaícne territory once separating the Kingdom of Meath from Connacht.
In 1978 the stone was moved and enclosed on a pedestal near the churchyard entrance, but in doing so was placed into an inverted (top-down) position.
# The Men of Frau Clarissa

The Men of Frau Clarissa (German: Die Männer der Frau Clarissa) is a 1922 German silent film directed by Fred Sauer and starring Oskar Marion, Hilde Wolter and Colette Corder.
The film's sets were designed by the art director Franz Schroedter.

## Cast

* Oskar Marion as Legationsrat Dr. Steeven
* Hilde Wolter as Clarissa, seine Frau
* Rolf Prasch as Renesos, Attaché
* Colette Corder as Seine Freu
* Max Ruhbeck as Graf Beauchamps
* C.W. Tetting as Kommissar
* Hugo Fischer-Köppe as Bobby Watson
* Alfred Schmasow as Kriminalbeamter
* Editha Seidel as Henny Meaton
# Chah Balu

Chah Balu (Persian: چاه بلو, also Romanized as Chāh Balū) is a village in Kuh Yakhab Rural District, Dastgerdan District, Tabas County, South Khorasan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 47, in 12 families.
# University Street, Donetsk

University street (Ukrainian: Вулиця Університетська, Russian: улица Университетская) is a street in central Donetsk, Ukraine. It is located in the city's Kyivskyi Raion and Voroshylovskyi Raion.

## Gallery

* University street
* Donetsk Institute of Tourist Business (DITB)
* University street
* University street
* University street
# Maduhak

Maduhak (Persian: مدوحك, also Romanized as Madūḩak; also known as Madaḩok) is a village in Abtar Rural District, in the Central District of Iranshahr County, Sistan and Baluchestan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 319, in 88 families.
# Shaghad

Shaghad or Shoghad (Persian: شغاد) was the half-brother of Rostam, the mighty Iranian hero of the Shahnameh, who killed Rostam by dropping him into a pit full of swords or other sharp objects.

## Plot

Shaghad has always been jealous of Rostam's high status. At long last he finds an opportunity to carry out his evil intention. The King of Kabulestan and Shaghad together conspire against Rostam. They dig a deep well on the way of Rostam and his horse Rakhsh, and set poisoned spears at the bottom of the well. Rostam and Rakhsh fall into the well. Nearing his end, Rostam decides to get revenge. He asks Shaghad for a bow and two arrows. Shaghad agrees to fulfill the last wish of his brother. As soon as Shaghad gives Rostam the bow and arrows, he starts running away. Rostam shoots an arrow through the trunk of a tree at Shaghad and slays him. Then, he himself dies.

## Family tree

| Sām | Sām | Sām | Sām | Sām | Sām | Mehrab Kaboli | Mehrab Kaboli | Mehrab Kaboli | Mehrab Kaboli | Mehrab Kaboli | Mehrab Kaboli |
| Zāl | Zāl | Zāl | Zāl | Zāl | Zāl | Rudaabeh | Rudaabeh | Rudaabeh | Rudaabeh | Rudaabeh | Rudaabeh | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | Shaghad | Shaghad | Shaghad | Shaghad | Shaghad | Shaghad | Rostam | Rostam | Rostam | Rostam | Rostam | Rostam |
# Standing in the Rain

Standing in the Rain may refer to:
* A song by James Gang from Bang
* A song by Billy Talent from Billy Talent
* "Standing in the Rain", a John Paul Young song, 1977
* A song by Electric Light Orchestra from their 1977 double album Out of the Blue - listed as "Standin' In The Rain"
* A song by Action Bronson, Mark Ronson, and Dan Auerbach from Suicide Squad: The Album
* A song by Al Green from Lay It Down
* A song written by Ted Turner on the 1991 Wishbone Ash album Strange Affair
# Bad St Peter-Ording station

Bad St Peter-Ording station (German: Haltepunkt Bad St Peter-Ording) is a railway station in the municipality of Sankt Peter-Ording, located in the Nordfriesland district in Schleswig-Holstein, Germany.
# Archie McIndewar

Archibald McIndewar (26 July 1921 – 13 October 2004) was a Scottish footballer who played for Queen's Park, Rangers and Dumbarton.
# 2016 Narayanganj City Corporation election

The 2022 Narayanganj City Corporation election was an election in Narayanganj,Bangladesh.The election was held on 22 December 2016.In the election, Awami League's Selina Hayat Ivy contest the election in her party banner for first time since the establishment of the City Corporation in 2011 and led her party to victory.She secured her second consecutive term by defeating her closest rival BNP's Sakhawat Hossain Khan (A new comer in politics).
# Mariano Verdugo

Mariano de la Luz Verdugo (1746 – 1822) was a Spanish soldier and later Mayor of the Pueblo of Los Angeles.

## Biography

Mariano de la Luz Verdugo was born at San Javier, Baja California, to Juan Diego Verdugo and María Ignacia de la Concepción Carrillo. Mariano Verdugo came to California with his brother, José María Verdugo, in the 1769 Rivera expedition and, for the next two decades, served at various presidios in California. Mariano Verdugo was promoted to the rank of corporal and placed in command of the guard at Mission San Luis Obispo in 1773. In 1781, he was elevated to sergeant and put in charge of the Monterey Presidio. In 1782, when Governor Felipe de Neve's expedition headed back to Mexico via the Colorado River, Verdugo led the military escort of the return trip.
In 1784, Spanish governor Pedro Fages granted grazing rights to Rancho Portezuela, near present day Universal City, to Mariano de la Luz Verdugo. Rancho Portezuela was reclaimed by the Mission San Fernando in 1810. Verdugo retired to Los Angeles around 1787, and served as alcalde of the Pueblo in 1790 - 1791 and 1802 - 1808. Mariano married Maria Guadalupe Lugo (–1780) at Mission San Carlos Borromeo de Carmelo in 1775. After Guadalupe Lugo died in San Diego in 1780, Verdugo married Maria Gertrudis Gregoria Espinosa (1760–1830) in 1788. Their daughter, Maria del Rosaria Verdugo (1793-), married Francisco Avila in 1810.
# Elmstein Castle

Elmstein Castle (German: Burg Elmstein) is a castle ruin built in the High Middle Ages overlooking Elmstein in the Palatinate Forest in the German state of Rhineland-Palatinate. It was built in the 12th century.

## Location

The ruins are on a hill, 290 metres (950 ft) high, on the northern side of the Speyerbach valley (Speyerbachtal) in the Palatinate Forest (Pfälzerwald).

## History

In the 12th and 13th centuries, Elmstein was built as a Palatine castle in order to guard the route through the valley. The feoffees held the title of Schenk, a German aristocratic title that originally meant cup bearer. The castle occupied by the Electorate of the Palatinate. Between 1220 and 1230, the lower curtain wall was built. Emperor Louis IV of Bavaria ceded the castle to his cousin, the Count Palatine. From 1419 to 1437, the castle was occupied by Count John V of Sponheim. In 1466, the castle was enfeoffed by Frederick I the Elector, to Erhard of Remchingen. In 1513, in the course of changes of ownership, Henry of Pagk was given the castle as a fief. During the German Peasants' War in 1525 the castle was damaged. Count Palatine John Casimir inherited the castle in 1576. The castle was also damaged during the Thirty Years' War in 1648. In 1689, during the War of the Palatine Succession, the castle fell into a permanent state of disrepair. Since then, the castle has been in private ownership.

## Remains

The remains of the parts of the original curtain walls, the palas and the shield wall are still able to be seen today.

## Literature

* Arndt Hartung, Walter Hartung: Pfälzer Burgenbrevier: Aufbaustudien. 6th expanded edn., Pfälzische Verlagsanstalt, Ludwigshafen, 1985, ISBN 3-9801043-0-3.
* Walter Herrmann: Auf rotem Fels. Ein Führer zu den schönsten Burgen der Pfalz und des elsässischen Wasgau. Braun, Karlsruhe, 2004, ISBN 3-7650-8286-4.
* Günter Stein: Burgen und Schlösser in der Pfalz. Weidlich, Frankfurt/Main, 1976, ISBN 3-8035-8356-X.
* Alexander Thon (ed.): Wie Schwalbennester an den Felsen geklebt. Burgen in der Nordpfalz. 1st edn., Schnell + Steiner, Regensburg, 2005, pp. 40–43, ISBN 3-7954-1674-4.