OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Archaic Torso of Apollo

"Archaic Torso of Apollo" (German: Archaïscher Torso Apollos) is a sonnet by the Austrian writer Rainer Maria Rilke, published in the collection New Poems in 1908. It opens the collection's second part and is a companion piece to "Early Apollo", which opens the first part. The poem describes the impressions given by the surviving torso of an archaic statue, which for the poet creates a vision of what the intact statue must have been like.

## Summary

"Archaic Torso of Apollo" is a sonnet with the rhyme scheme AbbA CddC EEf GfG. It is an ekphrasis—a rhetorical genre from ancient Greece that describes inanimate objects—of an archaic Greek sculpture of Apollo, of which only the torso and crotch area survive. The poem argues that although the head is missing, the characteristics of the remaining body give an impression of what the complete statue must have been like. The impression creates a sense of being observed and a need to change one's own life.

## Publication

Rainer Maria Rilke's poetry collection New Poems was published in two parts in 1907 and 1908. The first part opens with "Early Apollo" (German: Früher Apollo) and the second with "Archaic Torso of Apollo". Other English titles include "Torso of an Archaic Apollo" and "Apollo's Archaic Torso".

## Analysis and reception

Rilke had discussed the relationship between the fragment and the whole in prose texts, notably in reference to the sculptures of Auguste Rodin, writing that "Rodin knows that the body consists of so many stages for the display of life...and he has the power to bestow on any part..the independence and completeness of a whole". Part two of New Poems contains a dedication to Rodin, right before "Archaic Torso of Apollo", and the poem has been interpreted as a tribute to Rodin.
"Early Apollo" and "Archaic Torso of Apollo" function as companion pieces through their roles as opening poems, descriptions of Apollo statues and thematic similarities. The scholar Charlie Louth writes that their respective adjectives are complementary, where "early" becomes a promise about the poetry that will follow, and "archaic" refers to a restoration of something original and complete, which Louth writes that the poem achieves despite the fragmentary state of the statue that inspired it. According to Louth, "Early Apollo" creates anticipation and "Archaic Torso of Apollo" demands that the reader contributes to a new beginning that can match the poem's achievement of fullness, as expressed in its final sentence: "you must change your life".
The philosopher Peter Sloterdijk used the final line of "Archaic Torso of Apollo" in the title of his book You Must Change Your Life, published in 2009. According to Sloterdijk, the line expresses the "absolute imperative—the quintessential metanoetic command".
It is not known for certain what statue Rilke thought of when he wrote "Archaic Torso of Apollo". The archaeologist Ulrich Hausmann [de] argued in 1947 that the poem's subject was the Miletus torso (c. 480–470 BC), a sculpture of a young man at the Louvre. The literary scholar Paul Böckmann [de] argued that this is improbable and suggested other possibilities.
# Anton Antipov

Anton Valeryevich Antipov (Russian: Антон Валерьевич Антипов; born 20 April 1990) is a Russian former professional football player.

## Career

Antipov made his professional debut for PFC Spartak Nalchik on 17 July 2011 in the Russian Cup game against FC Torpedo Vladimir. He made his Russian Football National League debut for Spartak Nalchik on 11 July 2016 in a game against FC Kuban Krasnodar.
# Yelionka

Yelionka (Russian: Елионка) is a rural locality (a selo) in Starodubsky District, Bryansk Oblast, Russia. The population was 532 as of 2010. There are 5 streets.

## Geography

Yelionka is located 22 km southwest of Starodub (the district's administrative centre) by road. Solova is the nearest rural locality.
# Merișor

Merișor may refer to several places in Romania:
* Merișor, a village in Sita Buzăului Commune, Covasna County
* Merișor (Hungarian: Merisor), a village in Bănița Commune, Hunedoara County
* Merișor, a village in Bucureșci Commune, Hunedoara County
* Merișor, a village in Tăuții-Măgherăuș Town, Maramureș County
* Merișor, a village in Glodeni Commune, Mureș County
* Merișoru de Munte (Merisor), a village in Cerbăl Commune, Hunedoara County
# Mail merge

Mail merge consists of combining mail and letters and pre-addressed envelopes or mailing labels for mass mailings from a form letter.
This feature is usually employed in a word processing document which contains fixed text (which is the same in each output document) and variables (which act as placeholders that are replaced by text from the data source word to word).
Some word processors can insert content from a database, spreadsheet, or table into text documents.
It is a powerful tool for writing a personalized letter or e-mail to many people at the same time. It imports data from another source such as a spreadsheet and then uses that to replace placeholders throughout the message with the relevant information for each individual that is being messaged.

## History

Mail merge dates back to early word processors on personal computers, circa 1980. WordStar was perhaps the earliest to provide this, originally via an ancillary program called Mail merge. WordPerfect also offered this capacity for CP/M and MS-DOS systems; Microsoft Word added it later on, as did Multimate.

## Advanced features

Money can be saved by pre-sorting on zip code and grouping by postal-discount requirements (same ZIP code, same SCF).
A paperless approach is to use mail merge to format email.
Going beyond words, in 2018 The New York Times detailed a further instance of "mass customization" - personalized videos.

## Overview

The data source is typically a table in a document, or a spreadsheet or database which has a field or column for each variable in the template. When the word processor's mail merge is run it creates an output document for each row in the data source, using the fixed text from the data source.
The mail merging process generally requires the following steps:
* Creating a main document template.
* Creating a data source.
* Defining the merge fields in the main document template.
* Merging the data source with the main document template.
* Saving/exporting.
A common usage is for creating "personalized" letters, where a template is created, with a field for "Given Name", for example. The templated letter says "Dear <Given Name>", and when executed, the mail merge creates a letter for each record in the database, so it appears the letter is more personal. It is often used for variable data printing. It can also be used to create address labels from a customer relationship management database, or for mass emails with pertinent information in them, perhaps a username and password.
# Rudnyky, Ternopil Oblast

Rudnyky (Ukrainian: Рудники) is a village in Pidhaitsi urban hromada, Ternopil Raion, Ternopil Oblast, Ukraine.

## History

The first written mention of the village was in 1473.
After the liquidation of the Pidhaitsi Raion on 19 July 2020, the village became part of the Ternopil Raion.

## Religion

* Church of the Intercession (UGCC, 1881, wooden).
# Samah Anwar

Samah Anwar, (Arabic: سماح أنور) is an Egyptian actress born on April 22, 1965, in Cairo, Egypt. She appeared in the 1981 film Secret Visit.
# Zaimabad

Zaimabad (Persian: زعيم اباد, also Romanized as Zaʿīmābād; also known as Zaeemābād) is a village in Posht Rud Rural District, in the Central District of Narmashir County, Kerman Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 392, in 86 families.
# Wakan Sansai Zue

The Wakan Sansai Zue (和漢三才図会, lit. "Illustrated Sino-Japanese Encyclopedia") is an illustrated Japanese leishu encyclopedia published in 1712 in the Edo period. It consists of 105 volumes in 81 books. Its compiler was Terashima or Terajima (Terajima Ryōan (寺島良安)), a doctor from Osaka. It describes and illustrates various activities of daily life, such as carpentry and fishing, as well as plants and animals, and constellations. It depicts the people of "different/strange lands" (ikoku) and "outer barbarian peoples".

## Sources used

As seen from the title of the book (wa 和, which means Japan, and kan 漢, which means China), Terajima's idea was based on a Chinese encyclopedia, specifically the Ming work Sancai Tuhui ("Pictorial..." or "Illustrated Compendium of the Three Powers") by Wang Qi (1607), known in Japan as the Sansai Zue (三才図会). Reproductions of the Wakan Sansai Zue are still in print in Japan.
# Kahnuyeh, Lamerd

Kahnuyeh (Persian: كهنويه) is a village in, and the capital of, Kahnuyeh Rural District of Alamarvdasht District, Lamerd County, Fars province, Iran.

## Demographics
### Population

At the time of the 2006 National Census, the village's population was 1,252 in 239 households, when it was in Alamarvdasht Rural District. The following census in 2011 counted 1,581 people in 423 households. The 2016 census measured the population of the village as 1,540 people in 444 households. It was the most populous village in its rural district.
After the census, Kahnuyeh was transferred to Kahnuyeh Rural District created in Alamarvdasht District.
# Nowruleh-ye Olya

Nowruleh-ye Olya (Persian: نوروله عليا, also Romanized as Nowrūleh-ye ‘Olyā) is a village in Zalu Ab Rural District, in the Central District of Ravansar County, Kermanshah Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 236, in 41 families.
# Tartarus (disambiguation)

Tartarus refers to a deity and place in Greek mythology.
Tartarus may also refer to:
* Tartarus, a Greek New Testament word used for Hell (in Christian belief), derived from the pagan Greek use.
* Tartaros, a Norwegian black metal solo project by Charmand Grimloch aka Joachim Rygg.
* Tartarus (spider), a genus of spiders in the family Stiphidiidae.
* Tartarus, the Latin name of the river Tartaro-Canalbianco in Italy.
* HMS Tartarus, the name of three ships of the Royal Navy and one planned one.
* Tartarus (DC Comics), a group of DC comic book supervillains.
* Tartarus, a character in the Halo universe.
* Tartarus Press, a limited edition publishing house.
* Tartaros, a dark guild from the anime/manga Fairy Tail.
* Tartarus, a 2005 film by Dave Wascavage.
* Tartarus/Tarterus, an evil Outer Plane in Dungeons & Dragons
In other usage:
* A fictional "hottest point" of the sun in the novel Seven Ancient Wonders.
* A fictional planet in the computer game Warhammer 40,000: Dawn of War.
* A fictional planet in the Stargate SG-1 universe.
* The artificial person creation and maintenance arcology in Appleseed media.
* The name of the tower which is one of the primary locations in the video game Persona 3.
* The name of the landship piloted by Malkuthian colonel Jade Curtiss in the PS2 and 3DS video game Tales of the Abyss.
* The location villains are sent to in the cartoon series My Little Pony. The gate is guarded by Cerberus.
* A software backup program, for use in Unix and Unix-like environments such as Linux and FreeBSD.
* The name of a special prison for villains in the anime/manga series My Hero Academia.
# Buluggin ibn Muhammad

Buluggin ibn Muhammad (Arabic: بلكين بن محمد بن حماد) (died 1062) was the ruler of the Hammadids from 1055 to 1062. He led an army into Morocco against the Almoravids and briefly captured Fes.

## Reign

Buluggin succeeded his cousin Muhsin ibn Qaid, whom he assassinated in 1055. After killing Muhsin, Buluggin killed his vizier and the governor of Biskra, Ja'far ibn Abi Rumman, because he doubted his loyalty. This assassination provoked a revolt of the population of Biskra. The Sanhajian Army, commanded by Khalaf ibn Abi Haydara, took the city by storm. The main Biskrians, probably all Banu Rumman, were sent to Qal'a where Buluggin had them all killed.

### Expedition against the Almoravids

In 14 Feb or 14 Mar 1062, Buluggin took the road to Morocco, where the Almoravid leader Yusuf ibn Tashufin was shaking the Zanatian Empire. Buluggin took advantage of the fact that the Zanatian emir al-Fatuh had moved away from his capital, Fez, to enter. Buluggin does not seem to have met the Almoravids. Yusuf ibn Tashfin, no doubt aware of the possibility of lightning incursions from the east and anxious to reserve his forces—still insufficient to subjugate the Masmuda—retreated to the Sahara.
On his withdrawal, Buluggin was assassinated by an agent of his successor Nasir ibn Alnas.
# Vladimir Potkin

Vladimir Potkin (Russian: Владимир Поткин; born 28 June 1982) is a Russian chess grandmaster (2001) and a former European champion. He is also Ian Nepomniachtchi's trainer and one of the coaches of the Russian national team.

## Career

Potkin tied for second with Dimitrios Mastrovasilis at the 2000 European Under-18 championship and took the bronze medal on tiebreak. In 2007 he tied for 1st–9th with Alexei Fedorov, Andrei Deviatkin, Aleksej Aleksandrov, Viacheslav Zakhartsov, Alexander Evdokimov, Denis Khismatullin, Evgeny Tomashevsky and Sergei Azarov in the Aratovsky Memorial in Saratov. In 2009 Poktin finished second in the category 14 Premier group of the 44th Capablanca Memorial in Havana.
In 2011, in Aix-les-Bains, he won the European Individual Chess Championship with a score of 8½/11, edging out on tiebreak Radoslaw Wojtaszek, Judit Polgar and Alexander Moiseenko. Later that year he competed in the Chess World Cup 2011, where he reached the fourth round and was eliminated by eventual runner-up Alexander Grischuk.
Potkin tied for first with Sergey Karjakin, Peter Svidler, Dmitry Andreikin, Dmitry Jakovenko and Evgeny Alekseev at the 2012 Russian Championship Superfinal in Moscow, after all players finished on 5/9 points. In the six-player rapid playoff he finished fifth.
In 2015, Potkin took part in the Tata Steel Challengers tournament in Wijk aan Zee, where he finished seventh with 7/13.
# Fire in the hole (disambiguation)

Fire in the hole is a warning used in English-speaking countries to indicate that an explosive detonation in a confined space is imminent.
Fire in the Hole may also refer to:

## Music

* Fire in the Hole (album), a 2004 album by Brand Nubian
* "Fire in the Hole" (1970), a song by Exuma from his album Exuma II
* "Fire in the Hole" (Steely Dan song), 1972
* "Fire in the Hole" (1994), a song by the Tragically Hip from their album Day for Night
* "Fire in the Hole" (Skid Row song), 1998
* "Fire in the Hole" (Van Halen song), 1998
* "Fire in the Hole" (2012), a song by Pegboard Nerds
* "Fire in the Hole" (2015), a song by Marianas Trench
* Fire in the Hole (Five Finger Death Punch song), 2018

## Television

* "Fire in the Hole" (Justified), the pilot episode of the American TV series Justified
* "Fire in the Hole", a season 1 episode of Ash vs Evil Dead
* "Fire in the Hole", a season 3 episode of The Shield

## Other uses

* Fire in the Hole (1972 roller coaster) at Silver Dollar City in Branson, Missouri, United States
* Fire in the Hole (2024 roller coaster) at Silver Dollar City in Branson, Missouri, United States
* Fire in the Hole, a short story by Elmore Leonard, upon which the television series Justified is partly based
* Fire in the Hole: And Other Stories (Raylan Givens Book 4), a short fiction collection by Elmore Leonard"
# Magan, Russia

Magan (Russian: Мага́н; Yakut: Маҕан, Mağan) is a rural locality (a selo) under the administrative jurisdiction of the city of republic significance of Yakutsk in the Sakha Republic, Russia. Its population as of the 2010 Census was 1,863; up from 1,743 recorded in the 2002 Census. Poet Natalia Kharlampieva is a native of Magan.
# Sandy Grant (politician)

Sandy Grant was a Canadian politician from Ontario. He represented Hastings East in the Legislative Assembly of Ontario from 1911 to 1919.
# Philip Bialowitz

Philip Bialowitz (December 25, 1925 in Izbica – August 6, 2016) was a Polish Holocaust survivor and resistance fighter.

## Life

Bialowitz was transported to Sobibor in April 1943 and quickly heard that his sisters and niece had been murdered in the gas chambers there. He credited his brother Simcha with saving his life, since when he arrived at the camp Simcha said he was a pharmacist and that Philip was his assistant. He was given the role of "working Jew", doing menial tasks such as shaving prisoners while avoiding being executed. The prisoners often believed they were merely being deloused instead of sent to extermination chambers. One day his task was to empty piles of dead bodies from train cars. He tried to pull a woman from the train but her skin stuck to his hands, amusing his Nazi overseer.
He and his brother joined a rebellion on October 14, 1943, which overpowered the Nazis and freed 300 of their prisoners. He heard one of the revolt's leaders say as they stood on a table, "If you survive, bear witness! Tell the world about this place!" Russian prisoners of war showed the Jews how to fight. Bialowitz served as the messenger, telling SS officers that they had boots and leather coats for them. When they came, the resisters killed eleven of them with knives and axes. Bialowitz recalled jumping over the barbed wire to run towards German officers quarters in order to cut off the electricity. After escaping the extermination camp, he wandered Lublin District with his brother and other survivors. They eventually found shelter with a Catholic couple named Michał and Maria Mazurek, who hid them in their barn until the Red Army arrived. Only about 50 escapees survived to the end of the war.
He was trained by a former Nazi doctor to be a dental assistant. After the war he married and had children while pushing for the prosecution of Nazi war criminals. Bialowitz moved to Columbus, Ohio. He eventually settled in New York and worked as a jeweler. Along with fellow survivor Thomas Blatt, he was one of the witnesses for the prosecution at the trial of John Demjanjuk in 2010.

### Later life

He wrote the acclaimed book, A Promise at Sobibor, which detailed his early life growing up in Poland, his experience during World War II, and his postwar life. Later in life, he traveled around the world lecturing about the Holocaust and his personal experiences. Bialowitz often said that he had "a mission to perform."
He died in Florida on August 6, 2016, at the age of 90.
# Bavarkan

Bavarkan (Persian: بوركان) is a village in Khvajehei Rural District of Meymand District, Firuzabad County, Fars province, Iran.

## Demographics
### Population

At the time of the 2006 National Census, the village's population was 696 in 165 households. The following census in 2011 counted 673 people in 179 households. The 2016 census measured the population of the village as 643 people in 193 households. It was the most populous village in its rural district.
# Kirovsky Zavod (Saint Petersburg Metro)

Kirovsky Zavod (Russian: Ки́ровский заво́д) (literally Kirov's Factory) is a station of the Saint Petersburg Metro on the Kirovsko-Vyborgskaya Line. It is named after the Kirov Plant which traditionally manufactured armaments. The station opened on 15 November 1955.
# Alaptolma

Alaptolma (or Tolma) is a legendary Magyar tribal chieftain who lived in the first part of the 10th century.
According to the medieval Gesta Hungarorum, Alaptolma, son of Ketel, built a castle on the estate of his father, at the confluence of the Danube and Váh (Hungarian: Vág) rivers. This ancient castle became the core of the town of Komárom. Today Ketel and Alaptolma are honoured as the legendary founders of the city.
# Elias Saba

Elias Saba (Arabic: إلياس سابا; 10 July 1932 – 22 May 2023) was a Lebanese politician and economist.
Saba was born in Kfarhata, Lebanon on 10 July 1932. He served as finance minister on two occasions; firstly, in the government of Saeb Salam, from 13 October 1970 to 27 May 1972; secondly in the government of Omar Karami, from 21 October 2004 to 18 April 2005. He also served as defense minister in Salam's government from October 1970 to June 1971.
Saba was among the politicians who joined former Prime Minister Omar Karami in creating the Rassemblement national in 2006.
Saba died on 22 May 2023, at the age of 90.
# Stanislas-André Steeman

Stanislas-Andre Steeman (Liège on 23 January 1908 – Menton on 15 December 1970) was a Belgian illustrator and French-language author. His family, originally of Flemish extraction, had long been settled in Liège.
He wrote many mystery novels, some of which were adapted to the screen, such as The Murderer Lives at Number 21 or Mystery in Shanghai. Henri-Georges Clouzot's Quai des Orfèvres is based on his novel Légitime Défense.

## Partial bibliography

* The Six Dead Men (1931)
* La Nuit du 12 au 13 [fr] (1931)
* Le Mannequin assassiné [fr] (1932)
* Les Atouts de Monsieur Wens [fr] (1932)
* L'Ennemi sans visage (1934)
* L'assassin habite au 21 (1939)
* Légitime Défense [fr] (1942)
* Crimes à vendre (1951)
* 18 Fantômes (1952)
* Six hommes à tuer (1956)

## Filmography

* The Riverside Murder, directed by Albert Parker (1935, based on the novel The Six Dead Men)
* The Last of the Six, directed by Georges Lacombe (1941, based on the novel The Six Dead Men)
* The Murderer Lives at Number 21, directed by Henri-Georges Clouzot (1942, based on the novel L'assassin habite au 21)
* The Faceless Enemy, directed by Robert-Paul Dagan and Maurice Cammage (1946, based on the novel L'Ennemi sans visage)
* Monsieur Wens Holds the Trump Cards, directed by E.G. de Meyst (1947, based on the novel Les Atouts de Monsieur Wens)
* Quai des Orfèvres, directed by Henri-Georges Clouzot (1947, based on the novel Légitime Défense)
* The Murdered Model, directed by Pierre de Hérain (1948, based on the novel Le Mannequin assassiné)
* La muerte camina en la lluvia, directed by Carlos Hugo Christensen (1948, based on the novel L'assassin habite au 21)
* The Ferret, directed by Raymond Leboursier (1950, based on the novel Crimes à vendre)
* Mystery in Shanghai, directed by Roger Blanc (1950, based on the novel La Nuit du 12 au 13)
* Full House, directed by Henri Verneuil (1952, Anthology film about Jules Maigret, Lemmy Caution and Inspector Wens)
* Dortoir des grandes, directed by Henri Decoin (1953, based on the novel 18 Fantômes)
* Que personne ne sorte [fr], directed by Ivan Govar (1964, based on the novel Six hommes à tuer)
# Kushchyovskaya

Kushchyovskaya (Russian: Кущёвская) is a rural locality (a stanitsa) and the administrative center of Kushchyovsky District in Krasnodar Krai, Russia. As of the 2010 Census, its population was 28,362. Kushchyovskaya (air base) is near to the town.

## History

It was established in 1794 and reclassified as a stanitsa in 1842. The settlement came to national attention in 2010 as the site of the Kushchyovskaya massacre.

## Notable people

* Anatoly Yermolin (born 1960), politician, journalist and former army officer