OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Donald McQuade

Donald A. McQuade is an English professor at the University of California, Berkeley, and the author of several books on writing composition, American literature, and advertising. He served as vice chancellor of university relations from 1999 to 2006. McQuade was also the chair of the board of the National Writing Project from 2008 to 2012.

## Early life and education

McQuade grew up in Brooklyn, New York, and attended St. Francis College in Brooklyn Heights. He was a member of the national championship team in men's water polo. McQuade studied at Rutgers University in New Jersey, where he received both his MA and PhD in English literature.

## Career

Before his tenure at Berkeley, McQuade taught at Queens College in New York. Specifically, McQuade taught for the open admissions program, that affords any student that has received a high school diploma to enroll in its college courses, regardless of past GPA or test scores. With respect to CUNY's Open Admissions Program, McQuade and Sandra Schor helped to create the Queens English Project. The project aimed to improve the writing skills of college-bound high school students and first-year college students in Queens County.
Since 1986, McQuade has been on staff at the University of California, Berkeley and teaches courses on American literature, lllWriting studies, and American studies. Apart from teaching, McQuade served in a number of administrative posts at Berkeley. He was vice provost and dean of undergraduate and interdisciplinary studies, the founding dean of American studies, the founder of UC Berkeley's college writing program, and chairman of the department of dramatic art. As dean of undergraduate studies, he designed the undergraduate research apprentice program (URAP). From 1999 to 2006, he was the vice chancellor for university relations, where he oversaw alumni relations and fundraising for the university.
McQuade sat on several non-profit boards and was the chair of the Conference on College Composition and Communication (CCCC) and the National Writing Project.
He went to become the co-founder and executive chairman of WriteLab in 2013, a startup focused on improving student writing located in Berkeley, California.

## Published work

* The Writer's Presence: A Pool of Readings Don McQuade and Robert Atwan. 2011.
* Harper Single Volume American Literature, 3rd Edition Don McQuade and Robert Atwan. 1998.
* Seeing and Writing Don McQuade and Christine McQuade. 2010.
* Thinking in Writing: Rhetorical Patterns and Critical Response Don McQuade and Robert Atwan. 1997.
* The Winchester Reader Don McQuade and Robert Atwan. 1991
* Popular Writing in America: The Interaction of Style and Audience: Advertising, Newspapers, Magazines, Best Sellers. 1974.
# Chuyevka

Chuyevka (Russian: Чуевка) is a rural locality (a selo) in Kozmodemyanovsky Selsoviet of Tambovsky District, Amur Oblast, Russia. The population was 178 as of 2018. There are 2 streets.

## Geography

Chuyevka is located 13 km northeast of Tambovka (the district's administrative centre) by road. Kozmodemyanovka is the nearest rural locality.
# Nalus

Nalus (Persian: نالوس) is a city in, and the capital of, Nalus District of Oshnavieh County, West Azerbaijan province, Iran. It also serves as the administrative center for Oshnavieh-ye Jonubi Rural District.

## Demographics
### Population

At the time of the 2006 National Census, the city's population was 2,488 in 533 households. The following census in 2011 counted 2,938 people in 669 households. The 2016 census measured the population of the city as 2,973 people in 778 households.
# Khar Farih-e Olya

Khar Farih-e Olya (Persian: خرفريح عليا, also Romanized as Khar Farīḩ-e ’Olya; also known as Ḩar Farīḩ-e ‘Olyā, Kharfareh-ye ’Olya, Kharfereh, Kharfereh-ye Bālā, Kharfereh-ye Dovvom, Kher Fereḩ-e Bālā, and Khorofray) is a village in Abdoliyeh-ye Sharqi Rural District, in the Central District of Ramshir County, Khuzestan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 137, in 24 families.
# Mohamed Maalim Mohamud

Hon. (Amb) Mohamed Maalim Mohamud is a Kenyan politician who is a former Senator for Mandera County. He is also the Chairman of the Senate Finance and Budget Committee. From 2008 to 2011, he was the Assistant Minister (Electricity and Renewable Energy) in the Ministry of Energy. He belongs to the Jubilee Party. Mohamud has been Member of parliament for Mandera West Constituency from 2007 to 2013.
Mohamud is a member of the Institution of Engineers of Kenya, a registered engineer with the Engineers' Registration Board of Kenya, and an associate member of the Chartered Institute of Arbitrators. He holds a Bachelor of Science Kenya.
# Carroll Glacier

Carroll Glacier is a 15 mi (24 km) long glacier located in Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve in the U.S. state of Alaska. It begins near the Alaska-Canada border and continues southeast to its 1950 terminus, 1 mi (1.6 km) north of Queens Inlet, 71 mi (114 km) northwest of Hoonah.
# Setolovo

Setolovo (Russian: Сетолово) is a rural locality (a selo) and the administrative center of Setolovskoye Rural Settlement, Pochepsky District, Bryansk Oblast, Russia. In the 19th century the village was part of Alexeevskaya volost, Mglinsky Uyezd, Chernigov Governorate. The population was 494 as of 2010. There are 8 streets.

## Geography

Setolovo is located 9 km north of Pochep (the district's administrative centre) by road. Azarovo is the nearest rural locality.
# Upper Fremont Glacier

Upper Fremont Glacier is in the Fitzpatrick Wilderness of Shoshone National Forest in the U.S. state of Wyoming. This Wind River Range alpine glacier is associated with the largest grouping of glaciers in the U.S. Rocky Mountains and lies on the north slope of Fremont Peak, the third tallest mountain in Wyoming. Upper Fremont Glacier is at an average altitude of 13,450 ft (4,100 m) and is one of the highest altitude glaciers in the American Rockies.
Ice core samples were taken from Upper Fremont Glacier in 1990-1991. These ice cores were analyzed for climatic changes as well as alterations of atmospheric chemicals. In 1998 an unbroken ice core sample of 538 ft (164 m) was taken from the glacier and subsequent analysis of the ice showed an abrupt change in the oxygen isotope ratio oxygen-18 to oxygen-16 in conjunction with what is widely regarded as the end of the Little Ice Age, a period of cooler global temperatures between the years 1550 and 1850. A linkage was established with a similar ice core study which had been undertaken on the Quelccaya Ice Cap in Peru, which also demonstrated the same changes in the oxygen isotope ratio during the same period. The climatic implications from the ice cores taken from both sites support evidence of a sudden global climate change during the mid 19th century.
Ice cores from the glacier also showed increased levels of Tritium ($^3$H) and chlorine-36 around the year 1963, which coincides with the peak period of above ground nuclear testing.
The same ice cores were also tested for mercury deposition from natural and human-induced activities. This is the first known instance in which ice cores have been used to determine mercury deposition from a mid-latitude glacier in North America, as all previous studies have been derived from other sources. The majority of mercury deposition is by way of the atmosphere and sources of the element may be from volcanic activity or from industrialization, but volcanoes are believed to contribute a small proportion of the mercury. The ice core samples from the Upper Fremont Glacier indicated that levels of mercury increased dramatically during the Industrial Revolution and have decreased significantly since the mid-1980s. It is believed that the decrease in mercury deposition since the 1980s coincides with the passage of the Clean Air Act.
# Volodymyr Tsabal

Volodymyr Volodymyrovych Tsabal (Ukrainian: Володимир Володимирович Цабаль; born 25 April 1985) is a Ukrainian economist and politician currently serving as a People's Deputy of Ukraine on the proportional list of the Holos party since 2019. Prior to his election, he was an economic analyst working in the private sector.

## Early life and career

Volodymyr Volodymyrovych Tsabal was born on 25 April 1985 in the city of Kremenets, in the north of Ukraine's western Ternopil Oblast. He is a graduate of the National University of Kyiv-Mohyla Academy with a specialisation in economic theory, and received a Master of Business Administration at INSEAD after completing studies at the university's Singapore campus.
Tsabal's professional career began in 2005, when he became a data analyst at Tetra Pak's Ukrainian headquarters. The next year, he joined Nestlé Ukraine as a business analyst, moving to Athens in 2007 to become an analyst at Nestlé Greece. He also later became director of Nestlé in Bulgaria. From 2008 until his 2019 election he was a partner at McKinsey & Company, a global management consulting firm.

## Political career

Tsabal was the 12th candidate on the proportional list of the Holos party in the 2019 Ukrainian parliamentary election. At the time of the election, he was a member of the party. He was successfully elected, and took office as a People's Deputy of Ukraine in August of the same year. In the Verkhovna Rada (Ukraine's parliament), Tsabal has expressed positions such as support for the removal of Arsen Avakov as Minister of Internal Affairs and the removal of government officials who were affiliated with pro-Russian parties before the Russian invasion of Ukraine in 2022. Non-governmental organisation Chesno reported in 2020 that Tsabal has proposed more amendments to bills than any other Holos lawmaker, noting in particular his involvement in amending legislation regarding the Accounting Chamber and changes to the 2020 state budget.
Tsabal left Holos on 29 July 2021, citing Kira Rudik's takeover of the party. He had previously co-founded the Justice parliamentary group.

## Personal life

Tsabal is a member of the Eastern Orthodox Church. He has not publicly disclosed his marital status, or whether he has any children.
# McCarty Glacier

The McCarty Glacier is a tidewater glacier located in the Harding Icefield in the Kenai Mountains of the Kenai Peninsula, Alaska.
The glacier is named for William McCarty, a former resident of Seward.
The glacier has been severely affected by global warming and since the early 1900s its terminus has receded 15 km from the mouth of the bay.
# Progress, Pochepsky District, Bryansk Oblast

Progress (Russian: Прогресс) is a rural locality (a settlement) in Pochepsky District, Bryansk Oblast, Russia. The population was 12 as of 2010. There is 1 street.

## Geography

Progress is located 31 km south of Pochep (the district's administrative centre) by road. Gamaleyevka is the nearest rural locality.
# Union of Municipal Employees

The Union of Municipal Employees (German: Gewerkschaft der Gemeindebediensteten, GdG) was a trade union representing local authority workers in Austria.
The union was founded in 1945 by the Austrian Trade Union Federation. By 1998, it had 174,423 members, with 45% working in social services, 40% in public administration, and most of the remainder in utilities. In 2009, the union merged with the much smaller Union of Artists, Media Workers and Freelance Workers, to form the Union of Municipal Employees, Art, Media, Sport and Freelance Workers.

## Presidents

    Johann Polzer
    2006: Christian Meidlinger
# Markos Mamalakis

Markos John Mamalakis (Greek: Μάρκος Μαμαλάκης; 30 October 1932 – 10 July 2024) was a Greek economist who specialised in development economics, particularly in Latin America.

## Life and career

Born in Salonika, he graduated from the Experimental High School of the Aristotle University of Thessaloniki in 1950, then attended the Law School of the University and received a B.A. in Law, with the distinction summa cum laude in 1955. He did graduate work at Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich from 1955 to 1957, and University of California, Berkeley from 1957 to 1962, where he received his M.A. (1959), and Ph.D. (1962) with a dissertation entitled Inflation and Growth: An Asset Preference Analysis. With a Case Study of the Chilean Inflation. He has taught or been a visiting scholar at the University of California, Berkeley; University of Western Ontario; Universidad de Chile; Yale; University of Göttingen; Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars; Inter-American Development Bank; and the University of Giessen.
He was a professor of economics at the University of Wisconsin–Milwaukee.
He was one of the first to argue that there is no "magic bullet" to development, but that development solutions must take into account the effects and circumstances of the location. He has published widely on macroeconomics in developing economies and welfare and sector effects. He argued for the fruitfulness of a mesoeconomic analysis of social interactions, rather than a strictly microeconomic or macroeconomic approach.
Mamalakis was a father of 12. He and his wife celebrated their 50th wedding anniversary on 31 January 2010. He died on 10 July 2024, at the age of 91.
# Compact

Compact as used in politics may refer broadly to a pact or treaty; in more specific cases it may refer to:
* Interstate compact, a type of agreement used by U.S. states
* Blood compact, an ancient ritual of the Philippines
* Compact government, a type of colonial rule utilized in British North America
* Compact of Free Association whereby the sovereign states of the Federated States of Micronesia, the Republic of the Marshall Islands and the Republic of Palau have entered into as associated states with the United States.
* Mayflower Compact, the first governing document of Plymouth Colony
* United Nations Global Compact
* Global Compact for Migration, a UN non-binding intergovernmental agreement

## Mathematics

* Compact element, those elements of a partially ordered set that cannot be subsumed by a supremum of any directed set that does not already contain them
* Compact operator, a linear operator that takes bounded subsets to relatively compact subsets, in functional analysis
* Compact space, a topological space such that every open cover has a finite subcover
* Quasi-compact morphism, a morphism of schemes for which the inverse image of any quasi-compact open set is again quasi-compact

## Publications

* Compact (American magazine), a U.S.-based online magazine
* Compact (German magazine), a far-right German magazine
* Compact (newspaper), a broadsheet-quality newspaper printed in a tabloid format

## Other uses

* Compact car, a classification of automobile size
** Compact sport utility vehicle
* Compact (cosmetics), a case containing one or more of the following, a mirror, pressed powder, and/or a powder puff
* Compact disc
* Compact Software, a technology company founded in 1973
* Compact (TV series), a 1960s British soap opera
* Compact star, also called a compact object, a degenerate star like a neutron star
# Compact of 1802

The Compact of 1802, formally Articles of Agreement and Cession, was a compact between the United States and the state of Georgia entered into on April 24, 1802. In it, the United States paid Georgia 1.25 million U.S. dollars for its central and western lands (the Yazoo lands, now Alabama and Mississippi, respectively), and promised that the U.S. government would extinguish American Indian land titles in Georgia. This was the last of the post-colonial land cessions by the original states.
# Rizlan

Rizlan (Persian: ريزلان, also Romanized as Rīzlān) is a village in Tolbozan Rural District, Golgir District, Masjed Soleyman County, Khuzestan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 49, in 11 families.
# Meatable

Meatable is a Dutch biotechnology company aimed at cultured meat, particularly pork.

## History

Meatable was co-founded by Krijn de Nood, Daan Luining, and Mark Kotter in 2018. It began operating on the campus of Delft University of Technology. and by 2018 reported it had succeeded growing meat using pluripotent stem cells from animal umbilical cords. becoming one of the first start-ups to eliminate fetal bovine serum. On 26 September 2018, Luining represented Meatable at a round table discussion on cultured meat in the Dutch House of Representatives. In early October 2018, Meatable attracted 3.5 million euros in funding from investors.
Meatable presented at the Consumer Electronics Show (CES) in Las Vegas in January 2020, stating that it sought to present proof of concept by the end of the year. By then, Meatable was working with scientists from Cambridge and Stanford to produce a hamburger within three weeks from a single stem cell via a process the company had patented.
In 2021, Meatable obtained funding from various investors worth 40 million euros (47 million US dollars). Its total capital at the time was approximately 53 million euros (60 million US dollars). By April 2021, the staff of Meatable had grown to over 40 people with 15 different nationalities, representing many different fields and coming from many universities. The same year, Meatable announced that it had entered into an agreement with DSM in order to 'make cultured meat affordable and accessible on a large scale.'
In April 2024, Meatable was the first company in the European Union to receive regulatory approval from the EFSA for a public tasting of cultured meat, in this case sausage, amid much international and national media attention.
# Aviaenergo

JSC Aviaenergo (Russian: ОАО «Авиакомпания «Авиаэнерго») was a charter airline with headquarters in Moscow, Russia. It was established on 31 December 1992 and operated charter flights within Europe, the CIS and other countries from its main base at Moscow Vnukovo Airport, as well as from Sheremetyevo International Airport. It was wholly owned by RAO UES, although UES, as part of its restructuring, had placed Avianergo on the market. Operations were suspended in 2011 due to poor financial performance (having approached bankruptcy in 2011)

## Fleet

The Aviaenergo fleet consisted of the following aircraft (as of 6 December 2009):
* 1 Ilyushin Il-62M
* 3 Tupolev Tu-154M
# Hoseynabad-e Khani, Arzuiyeh

Hoseynabad-e Khani (Persian: حسين ابادخاني, also Romanized as Ḩoseynābād-e Khānī; also known as Ḩoseynābād) is a village in Dehsard Rural District, in the Central District of Arzuiyeh County, Kerman Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 112, in 28 families.
# Villegagnon Island

Villegagnon Island (former Serigipe Island—original Portuguese: Ilha de Villegagnon—also known in English as: Villegaignon Island, Island of Villegagnon or Island of Villegaignon) is located near the mouth of the large Guanabara Bay, in the city of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

## History

The island's name was given in honor of its first European occupier, the French admiral Nicolas Durand de Villegaignon, whose troops occupied the island in 1555, consequently building Fort Coligny on the island when attempting to establish the France Antarctique colony.
With the arrival of more Portuguese troops from the São Vicente Capitania on March 15, 1560, Villegagnon Island became the stage for the attack from the Portuguese army commanded by Mem de Sá, who deployed his troops on the island. Two days later the French abandoned the fort looking for refuge with the Tamoios, a native tribe from Brazil. The fort was destroyed and on March 17, 1560 the first Portuguese mass was celebrated on the island.
Mem de Sá's victory was facilitated by the information about the fort which had been provided by Jean de Cointra and Jacques Le Balleur, French dissenters who had escaped from Villegaignon.
A new fortress was established by the Portuguese in the following century.
Since 1938, the island has been the home of the Brazilian Naval School, under the responsibility of the Brazilian Navy.
# Kuseh Kandi

Kuseh Kandi (Persian: كوسه كندي, also Romanized as Kūseh Kandī; also known as Kūsaj) is a village in Qaleh Darrehsi Rural District, in the Central District of Maku County, West Azerbaijan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 425, in 87 families.
# Paide Church

Paide Holy Cross Church (Estonian: Paide Püha Risti kirik, German: Kirche zum Heiligen Kreuz) is a Lutheran church in Paide, Estonia.
Church existed in Paide in medieval times, but was destroyed in 1573 during the siege of Weissenstein (old name for Paide). It was replaced with a wooden church, which was burnt down by Russian forces in 1703 during the Great Northern War.
In the 1730s a small church was erected, replaced by a stone church built between 1767 and 1786. The church tower was built exceptionally to the southern side of the church to bond the church with the market square into a single architectural ensemble.
There was a fire in the church on May 10, 1845. A large fundraising was set up to pay for restoration works.
During 1909–1910 the church underwent a larger reconstruction.
# Dehnow-e Emamzadeh Mahmud

Dehnow-e Emamzadeh Mahmud (Persian: دهنوامامزاده محمود, also Romanized as Dehnow-e Emāmzādeh Maḥmūd; also known as Deh-e Now) is a village in Poshteh-ye Zilayi Rural District, Sarfaryab District, Charam County, Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 34, in 7 families.
# Big Banana

The Big Banana is a tourist attraction and amusement park ('The Big Banana Fun Park') in the city of Coffs Harbour, New South Wales, Australia. The grounds of the park are set amongst a banana plantation, featuring a large walk-through banana. Built in 1964, it was one of Australia's first Big Things. Other attractions include a downhill toboggan ride, ice skating rink, XD Theatre, Mini Golf, Giant Slide, Laser Tag, a water park, the World of Bananas educational experience, and escape rooms. Plantation tours are also available. On the evening of Australia Day 2014, a disused scenic lookout attraction was destroyed by fire. In keeping with the plantation theme, banana-related products are shown or sold in the park which also has a souvenir shop and restaurant. In January 2014, during the peak tourist season the Big Banana received close to 150,000 visitors. The Big Banana has been a family owned business since it was opened by Betty and John Landi, and Stella and John Enveoldson in 1964.
The original Big Banana has been copied by the Big Bananas at Carnarvon, Western Australia.
In 2011, Huffington Post included the Big Banana in their list of the "Top 10 Pieces of Folly Architecture."

## Attractions
### Current

Along with the Big Banana which is 15m long, featuring the Giant Slide 82m slide, the site includes laser tag, mini golf, ice skating rink, a theatre providing an educational experience, and a toboggan ride, a water park, a reptile zoo, and escape rooms.

### Former

The park featured three scenic monorail sets driven on a two beam track. The monorail's track linked display buildings and transported visitors up the steep slope of the plantation.
In 2005, a broken down set was being pushed by one of the two other sets to a maintenance shed for repairs when the coupling system failed and the broken down set ploughed into the lagoon within the park.
The track passed by a lagoon that featured an animatronic bunyip, which was shut off in 2005 due to budget constraints.
Much of the track remains throughout the park and plantations while the two car sets that remained have been left unattended on tracks each near a disused buildings.
* Carriages belonging to one of the two remaining train sets now out of service, next to an unused green house.
* One of the two remaining train sets now out of service with a driver car and carriage belonging to the other set in the foreground.

## Postage stamps

Australia Post issued a set of 50c postage stamps in 2007 commemorating big things, including the Big Banana. The other big thing stamps were:
* (Big) Golden Guitar at Tamworth, New South Wales
* Big Lobster at Kingston SE, South Australia
* Big Merino (sheep) at Goulburn, New South Wales
* Big Pineapple at Nambour, Queensland