OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Sun Jinming

Sun Jinming (Chinese: 孙金明; born March 1965) is a lieutenant general in the People's Liberation Army of China.
He was an alternate member of the 20th Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party.

## Biography

Sun was born in Taizhou, Jiangsu, in March 1965.
He was promoted to deputy commander of the 52th Base of the Second Artillery Force in 2015. In 2017, he was promoted again to commander the 69th Base of the Second Artillery Force. In 2018, he was appointed commander the 64th Base of the Second Artillery Force, he remained in that position until March 2022, when he was chosen as chief of staff of the People's Liberation Army Rocket Force.
He was promoted to the rank of major general (shaojiang) in August 2016 and lieutenant general (zhongjiang) in March 2022.
In July 2024, the 3rd Plenary Session of the 20th CCP Central Committee confirmed the decision to expel Sun.
# Pozdeyevka

Pozdeyevka (Russian: Поздеевка) is a rural locality (a selo) in Pozdeyevsky Selsoviet of Romnensky District, Amur Oblast, Russia. The population was 1,544 as of 2018. There are 17 streets.

## Geography

Pozdeyevka is located 39 km southwest of Romny (the district's administrative centre) by road. Verkhnebeloye is the nearest rural locality.
# Yohannes Gugarats

Yohannes Gugarats (Armenian: Հովհաննես Գուգարաց) was an Armenian military leader in early 18th century. He was one of the companions of David Bek moving to Syunik from the northern Armenian region of Gugark circa 1722. According to Ghukas Sebastatsi's History of Kapan, Gugarats commanded a 6,500 strong detachment of Gugark Armenians in the (ultimately unsuccessful) siege of the Vorotnaberd castle, considered impregnable. He later rescued David Bek's treasury and liberated the Armenian hostages taken by the Turks in Shnher town. He settled in the town of Meghri.
# Truba

The Wooden Trumpet (truba (Ukrainian: Труба) Lihava, Cossack Trumpet, Sihnal'na truba). The truba, or lihava, is an instrument of the surma-horn type, only with a mouthpiece like that of a standard trumpet made of wood. The instrument has seven to ten finger-holes and is used in contemporary folk instrument orchestras.
# Apollophanes of Athens

Apollophanes of Athens (Ancient Greek: Ἀπολλοφάνης ὁ Ἀθηναῖος) was a poet of the old Attic comedy. He appears to have been a contemporary of Strattis, and to have consequently lived about Olympiad 95.

## Surviving titles and fragments

The editors of the Suda ascribe to him five comedies, viz. Δάλις, Ἰφιγέρων, Κρῆτες, Δανάη and Κένταυροι. Of the former three we still possess a few fragments, but the last two are completely lost.
# Tulkarm Subdistrict, Mandatory Palestine

The Tulkarm Subdistrict was one of the subdistricts of Mandatory Palestine. It was located around the city of Tulkarm. After the 1948 Arab-Israeli War, the subdistrict disintegrated, the western part became part of the Central District of Israel and the eastern part, became a part of the Jordanian annexation of the West Bank from 1948 to 1967). Most of the eastern part is today the Tulkarm Governorate, part of the State of Palestine.

## Depopulated towns and villages

(current localities in parentheses)
* Khirbat Bayt Lid (Nordia)
* Bayyarat Hannun
* Fardisya (Sha'ar Efraim on nearby lands)
* Ghabat Kafr Sur (Beit Yehoshua, Kfar Neter, Tel Yitzhak)
* al-Jalama (Lahavot Chaviva)
* Kafr Saba (Beyt Berl, Hak'ramim, Neve Yamin)
* Khirbat al-Majdal (Sde Yitzhak)
* al-Manshiyya (Ahituv, Ein HaHoresh, Givat Haim)
* Miska (Mishmeret, Sde Warburg)
* Qaqun (Gan Yoshiya, Haniel, HaMa'apil, Olesh, Ometz, Yikon)
* Raml Zayta (Sde Yitzhak)
* Tabsur (Batzra, Ra'anana suburbs)
* Umm Khalid (Netanya suburbs)
* Wadi al-Hawarith (Geulei Teiman, Kfar Haroeh, Kfar Vitkin)
* Wadi Qabbani
* Khirbat al-Zababida
* Khirbat Zalafa (Givat Oz)
# Papenkov

Papenkov (Russian: Папенков) is a rural locality (a khutor) in Beloselskoye Rural Settlement of Koshekhablsky District, Adygea, Russia. The population was 26 as of 2018. There are 2 streets.

## Geography

Papenkov is located 10 km south of Krasnogvardeyskoye (the district's administrative centre) by road. Mirny is the nearest rural locality.
# Ascus (mythology)

Ascus (Ancient Greek: Ἄσκος) was a giant from ancient Greek mythology, who in conjunction with Lycurgus of Thrace chained the god Dionysus and threw him into a river. The god Hermes (or, according to other tellings, Zeus) rescued Dionysus, conquered (ἐδαμασεν) the giant, flayed him, and made a bag (ἄσκος) of his skin.
A folk etymology once said that the town of Damascus in Syria derived its name from this event, though the name of that city dates back to at least the 15th century BCE.
# Li Daqiu

Li Daqiu (simplified Chinese: 李达球; traditional Chinese: 李達球; pinyin: Lǐ Dáqiú; born October 1953) a former politician in the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region of China. Li served as the Party Secretary of Hezhou, and the Mayor of Yulin, both cities in Guangxi. He was removed from his posts and expelled from the Communist Party in 2013 and subsequently tried on charges of corruption. In October 2014, Li was convicted of taking bribes of 10.95 million Yuan (~$1.8 million) between 2003 and 2013, and sentenced to fifteen years in prison.

## Career

Li was born in Zhaoping County, Guangxi in October 1953.
Li joined the Chinese Communist Party in October 1973 and he got involved in politics in October 1974.
During the Cultural Revolution, Li worked in Zhaoping County as a local officer. He rose through the ranks to become the Vice-Governor of Zhaoping County in November 1987, then he was elevated to the County Governor and the CCP County Committee Vice-Secretary of Zhaoping.
In September 1993 he became the CCP County Committee Secretary of He County, a position he held until April 1996.
Li entered Central Party School of the Chinese Communist Party in August 1995, majoring in economic administration, where he graduated in 1999. After graduation, he was educated in Zhongnan University of Economics and Law.
In June 2001, he was appointed the Mayor of the city of Yulin, Guangxi and the Party Vice-Secretary of Yulin, he remained in that position until May 2003, when he was transferred to Hezhou and appointed the Party Secretary of Hezhou.
In January 2008, Li was elevated to the vice-chairman of the Guangxi Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference.

## Downfall

On July 6, 2013, state media announced that Li was being investigated by the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection for "serious violations of laws and regulations". On July 13, Li was dismissed from his position. In September 2013, Li was expelled from the Chinese Communist Party and removed from his government posts.
On August 28, 2014, Li's case was brought before the intermediate court of the Yanbian Korean Autonomous Prefecture in Jilin province for trial. The prefecture's prosecutor agency alleged that Li took 10.95 million Yuan (~$1.8 million) in bribes during his time as Hezhou party chief and vice-chairman of the Guangxi Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference, in the process of government business dealings as well as in the arrangement of promotions for officials. On October 13, Li was sentenced to fifteen years in prison.
Li is the highest-ranked official to be convicted of corruption charges in Guangxi since the 18th Party Congress. His downfall has earned him the moniker "Guangxi tiger" (桂老虎), in reference to Xi Jinping's anti-corruption programme that vowed to take down "tigers" (high-level officials) and "flies" (petty officials).
# Vyshnia, Lviv Oblast

Vyshnia (Ukrainian: Ви́шня), (the former name – Benkova Vyshnia (Ukrainian: Бенькова Вишня) – is a selo (village) in Sambir Raion, Lviv Oblast (province) of western Ukraine. It belongs to Rudky urban hromada, one of the hromadas of Ukraine. The population of the village is about 1819 people, and local government is administered by Vyshnianska village council.

## Geography

The village Vyshnia is located at a distance of 2 kilometres (1.2 mi) from the Highway Ukraine ( H 13) – Lviv – Sambir – Uzhhorod. Area of the village totals is 4,29 km$^2$ and is located along the Vyshnia River (a right tributary of the San River) on the altitude of 264 metres (870 ft) above sea level. A distance from Vyshnia to Horodok is 24 kilometres (15 mi), to the regional center of Lviv is 48 kilometres (30 mi) and 3 kilometres (1.9 mi) to Rudky.

## History and Attractions

The first written record of the village dates from 1438. In the 18th century these lands belonged to the family Urbanski. Fredro family had settled in the village Bieńkowa Wisznia in 1797. In the village is an architectural monument of local importance of Horodok Raion, Lviv Oblast. It is a wooden Church of Saints Cosmas and Damian (1805).
Until 18 July 2020, Vyshnia belonged to Horodok Raion. The raion was abolished in July 2020 as part of the administrative reform of Ukraine, which reduced the number of raions of Lviv Oblast to seven. The area of Horodok Raion was merged into Lviv Raion, however, Vyshnia was transferred to Sambir Raion.

## Famous people

Aleksander Fredro lived on the family estate in the Benkova Vyshnia.
# Heracleodorus (4th century BCE)

Heracleodorus (Ancient Greek: Ἡρακλεόδωρος) was a student of the ancient Greek philosopher Plato, who, after being for some time under the instruction of that philosopher, became negligent, and gave himself up to idleness; a charge which drew a letter of criticism from Demosthenes, who is said to have been a fellow student of Plato at the time.
This letter is mentioned in a fragment of the commentary on Plato's Gorgias written by Olympiodorus the Younger, preserved in the manuscript collection of Praeannotamenta Miscellanea in Platonem, in what was the imperial library at Vienna and is now the Austrian National Library.
# Ministry of Electricity (Iraq)

The Ministry of Electricity (MoE; Arabic: وزارة الكهرباء) is the Iraqi federal government ministry concerned with the production, transmission, and distribution of electrical energy in the country.
It is responsible for both the policymaking and the electricity supply throughout the country. The operational functions (power generation, transmission, load dispatch and distribution) are no longer autonomous corporatized entities, but were reorganized into 18 geographically based directorates within MoE.

## Successive ministerial resignations

Since 2003, not a single Minister of Electricity's job has survived the summer season (a total of 18 ministers), with the latest resignation having been submitted in June 2021. That resignation by then-Minister Majed Hantoosh coincided with widespread blackouts which took place during soaring temperatures exceeding 50 °C (122 °F), caused in part by Iran having cut energy supplies to the country. Hantoosh resigned a day prior to the Iranian cutback announcement. Some experts estimate that Iraq loses 30 to 50 percent of its electrical supply to outdated circuits.
# Skrjabinodon caudolumarius

Skrjabinodon caudolumarius is a species of gastrointestinal nematodes that completes its life cycle in lizards, first found in Panama.
# Schistophleps chamaitoides

Schistophleps chamaitoides is a moth in the subfamily Arctiinae. It was described by Rothschild in 1913. It is found in New Guinea.
# Schistophleps costimacula

Schistophleps costimacula is a moth in the subfamily Arctiinae. It was described by Rothschild in 1913. It is found in New Guinea.
# Bump

Bump or bumps may refer to:

## Arts and entertainment

* Bump (dance), a dance from the 1970s disco era
* BUMP (comics), 2007-08 limited edition comic book series

### Fictional characters

* Bobby Bumps, titular character of a series of American silent animated short films produced (1915–1925)
* Bump (Transformers), a fictional character in the Transformers universe
* Mr. Bump, a Mr. Men character

### Music

* "The Bump", a funky song by the Commodores from Machine Gun(1974)
* "The Bump", a 1974 hit single by the band Kenny
* Bump (album), a jazz album recorded by musician John Scofield in 2000
* "Bump", a song by Raven-Symoné from This Is My Time
* "Bump", a song by Fun Lovin' Criminals from Loco
* "Bump", a song by Spank Rock from YoYoYoYoYo
* "Bump", a song by Rehab from Graffiti the World
* "Bump", a song by Baby Blue from No Smoke Without Fire
* "Bump", a song by Brockhampton from Saturation
* "Bump", a 2006 song by Spank Rock

### Television

* Bump!, a Canadian gay and lesbian travel and lifestyle television series
* Bump, a pricing game on The Price Is Right television game show
* Bump (Australian TV series), a 2021 Australian streaming television drama series
* Bump (British TV series), a 1990 British children's animated programme featuring an elephant

## Culture

* Elbow bump, an informal greeting where two people touch or tap elbows
* Fist bump, an informal greeting
* The bumps, a birthday tradition

## Infrastructure and industry

* Bump, airline travel slang for the involuntary denial of boarding to passengers on an overbooked flight
* Bump (union), in a unionised work environment, a reassignment of jobs on the basis of seniority
* Bumper music or bump, in radio broadcasting a short clip of music used for transitions between program elements
* Coal mine bump, a seismic jolt occurring within a mine

## People

* Bump (nickname)
* Bump (surname)

## Sport

* Bump (football), a body contact alternative to a tackle and shepherding method in Australian rules football
* Bump (game), a basketball elimination game
* Bump (professional wrestling), making actual contact with another individual, an object, or the ground
* Bumps race, a type of rowing competition

## Other uses

* Bump (application), a popular app for the iPhone and Android smartphones which allowed users to easily share information
* Bump (Internet), a term for moving a thread to the top of a forum
* The Bump, a knoll on South Georgia Island; see Fortuna Bay
* Bumps River, in Centerville, Cape Cod, Massachusetts, U.S.
# Volodymyr Satsyuk

Volodymyr Satsyuk (Ukrainian: Володимир Сацюк) (born 11 March 1963) is the former deputy head of Ukraine’s intelligence agency. He is suspected of involvement in the poisoning of Ukrainian president Viktor Yushchenko in 2004.

## Career

Satsyuk was a businessman before he joined the Security Service of Ukraine, where he eventually became the Deputy Chairman.

## Allegations

Ukrainian prosecutors, after interviewing over 1,000 people, identified Satsyuk as being potentially involved in the poisoning of Yuschenko with dioxin. Yushchenko had attended a private dinner on 5 September 2004 held at Satsyuk's residence, during that year's Ukrainian presidential elections. He was accompanied by two assistants, Taras Zalessky and Alexei Poletukha, the former vice-president of the JS Bank «Ukraine». According to The Times newspaper, "Ukraine’s pro-Russian government at the time was opposed to Yushchenko, fearing his pro-western tendencies and ambitions for Ukraine to join NATO." Satsyuk was in hiding in Moscow, Russia, where the government has given him Russian citizenship, meaning he couldn't be extradited for trial to another country. When Yanukovich became president of Ukraine, Satsyuk was removed from the wanted list and returned to his home town Malyn in the summer of 2011.
# Voznesenskoye, Arkhangelsk Oblast

Voznesenskoye (Russian: Вознесенское) is a rural locality (a selo) in Verkhnetoyemsky District, Arkhangelsk Oblast, Russia. The population was 405 as of 2010. There are 2 streets.

## Geography

Voznesenskoye is located 56 km west of Verkhnyaya Toyma (the district's administrative centre) by road. Ostanskaya is the nearest rural locality.
# Suleiman Fortia

Suleiman Al-Fortia (Arabic: سليمان الفورتية born march 1954) is a member of the Libyan National Transitional Council representing the city of Misrata. Fortia received his undergraduate degree from the University of Tripoli and a Doctor of Engineering in architecture from a British university. He has taught at King Faisal University for eight years. He has participated in delegations to France during talks where the anti-Gaddafi forces asked for weapons shipments. He also negotiated in person for aid efforts to help Misrata during the siege of Misrata.
# Schistophleps manusi

Schistophleps manusi is a moth in the subfamily Arctiinae. It was described by Rothschild in 1916. It is found on the Admiralty Islands.
# Schistophleps minor

Schistophleps minor is a moth in the subfamily Arctiinae. It was described by Roepke in 1946. It is found on Sulawesi.
# Prime Minister of the West Indies Federation

The prime minister of the West Indies Federation was the head of government of the short lived West Indies Federation (also known as the British Caribbean Federation), which consisted of ten provinces: Antigua (with Barbuda), Barbados, Dominica, Grenada, Jamaica (with the Cayman Islands and the Turks & Caicos Islands), Montserrat, St. Christopher-Nevis-Anguilla, St. Lucia, St. Vincent, and Trinidad and Tobago. The federation was formed on 3 January 1958, and was formally dissolved on 31 May 1962.
The prime minister was elected by the House of Representatives from among its members, constitutionally acted as an advisor to the governor-general of the West Indies Federation, and was involved in economic planning, but had very little power beyond those roles, being junior to the position of governor-general.
Starting in January 1959, the governor-general, Lord Hailes, attempted to get Adams to step down so he could be replaced with Norman Manley, whom Hailes saw as endorsing "decentralised federation" and being able to bring "most responsible people in Jamaica" with him.

## Prime Minister of the West Indies Federation (1958–1962)
### Parties

West Indies Federal Labour Party
| No. | Portrait | Name (Birth–Death) | Term of office | Term of office | Term of office | Political party | Election | Cabinet |
| No. | Portrait | Name (Birth–Death) | Took office | Left office | Time in office | Political party | Election | Cabinet |
| 1 | | Grantley Herbert Adams (1898–1971) MP for Barbados | 18 April 1958 | 31 May 1962 | 4 years, 43 days | Federalist | 1958 | Adams |
# MUST station

MUST station (Chinese: 科大站; Portuguese: Estação da UCTM) is a station on Taipa line of the Macau Light Rapid Transit, named after Macau University of Science and Technology.

## History

In the original plan this station is named University of Science and Technology station (Chinese: 科技大學站; Portuguese: Estação Universidade de Ciência e Tecnologia), but later adopted the abbreviation as the station name. Building work of this and three other stations in Cotai began in 2012. Although completed in 2016, the opening of the station was delayed due to ongoing work at Taipa line train depot.
The station opened on 10 December 2019 along with the Taipa line.

## Station layout

Two side platforms are on the second floor, and ticket hall is located on the first floor.
* Exit A: Macau University of Science and Technology, International School of Macao, Wynn Palace
* Exit B: Custom of airport (for goods), Macau Light Rapid Transit Depot
# Saint-Civran

Saint-Civran (French pronunciation:; Occitan: Sent Cibran; ultimately from Saint Cyprian) is a commune in the Indre department in central France.

## Geography

The river Abloux flows west through the northern part of the commune.
# Survival Records

Survival Records is an independent record label that focuses on free jazz. It was founded in 1972 by American drummer Rashied Ali.

## History

Ali co-founded Survival with saxophonist Frank Lowe in 1972, after experiencing frustration with being unable to secure a release with a major record label.
Survival's inaugural release was Duo Exchange, an Ali / Lowe duet recorded in the fall of 1972 and issued in 1973. Lowe's involvement with the label ceased following the release of the album, but Survival went on to issue a total of ten albums prior to Ali's death in 2009, along with CD reissues of original Survival LPs, released in conjunction with Michael Dorf's Knit Classics label.
In 2020, Survival was revived, thanks to the efforts of Ali's family. That year saw the release of two recordings remastered from the drummer's massive recorded archive: Duo Exchange: Complete Sessions, an expanded version of the original 1973 release, and First Time Out: Live at Slugs 1967, a live album featuring an early incarnation of Ali's Quintet. The family plans to continue expanding the Survival catalogue with the addition of "further treasures."
# Kachal, Iran

Kachal (Persian: کچل) is a village in Talang Rural District, Talang District, Qasr-e Qand County, Sistan and Baluchestan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 86, in 22 families.
# Oscar Marx

Oscar B. Marx (July 14, 1866 – November 23, 1923) was an American political figure, who was mayor of Detroit from 1913 to 1918.

## Biography

Marx was born on July 14, 1866, in Wayne County, Michigan, the son of German immigrants Stephen and Eleanor Busch Marx. Marx attended the Detroit public schools and the German-American Seminary, and spent much of his early life farming, but as Detroit and Hamtramck, Michigan grew, the encroaching cities swallowed the Marx farm. Marx's father Stephen sold the farm, giving him and his brothers several thousand dollars to start a business. Oscar Marx used this money to buy into a bankrupt optical firm, the Michigan Optical Company, in 1891, and steered the company to become one of the largest in the region.
In addition to being president of the Michigan Optical Company, Marx was a member of the board of directors of the Standard Computing Scale Company and vice-president of the Robert Oakman Land Co.
In 1897, Marx married Lydia Darmstaetter; the couple had two children: Lydia Marx and Oscar B. Marx Jr.

## Politics

In 1894–95, Marx was the Detroit estimator-at-large. In 1895 he was elected as an alderman, a position he held for eight years. In 1904, Marx ran for City Treasurer, but was beaten. He served as a delegate to the Republican National Convention in 1908 (and was again a delegate to the Republican National Convention in 1916). In 1910, he was appointed City Assessor, and two years later saw his first term as Detroit's mayor. Marx served three terms in all as mayor.
Marx was friends with Robert Oakman and John Dodge, and the three men controlled the Republican Party in Southeast Michigan for much of the 1910s.
Marx appointed James J. Couzens, the man who would become the next mayor, to take over the Detroit police force, and in February of his final year in office Marx created a committee to oversee the feasibility of construction the Outer Drive bypass in the city.
Oscar Marx died on November 23, 1923.
# Montjoi, Tarn-et-Garonne

Montjoi (French pronunciation: ; Occitan: Montjòi) is a commune in the Tarn-et-Garonne department in the Occitanie region in southern France
The inhabitants are called Montjoviens .

## Geography

Situated between the valleys of the Lot and Garonne rivers, Montjoi is an old Bastide village founded in 1256–1257 with half-timbered houses made of Quercy limestone and red brick from the local area, located on a rocky outcrop offering views over the surrounding countryside.