OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Verkhososna

Verkhososna (Russian: Верхососна) is a rural locality (a selo) and the administrative center of Verkhnesosenskoye Rural Settlement, Krasnogvardeysky District, Belgorod Oblast, Russia. The population was 1,069 as of 2010. There are 14 streets.

## Geography

Verkhososna is located 23 km (14 mi) northwest of Biryuch (the district's administrative centre) by road. Zavalskoye is the nearest rural locality.
# Elan, Bichursky District, Republic of Buryatia

Elan (Russian: Елань) is a rural locality (a selo) in Bichursky District, Republic of Buryatia, Russia. The population was 1,082 as of 2010. There are 9 streets.

## Geography

Elan is located 28 km southwest of Bichura (the district's administrative centre) by road. Khayan is the nearest rural locality.
# Oleksandr Halunenko

Oleksandr Vasylyovych Halunenko (Ukrainian: Олександр Васильович Галуненко) is a Ukrainian test pilot, Honoured Test Pilot of the USSR, the president of the Ukrainian Federation of Aeronautical Sports (member of the Fédération Aéronautique Internationale), and recipient of the title Hero of Ukraine.
He is known for testing such airplanes as the Antonov An-124 Ruslan and the super giant Antonov An-225 Mriya.
Halunenko received the Hero of Ukraine award for manually landing the second prototype of the Antonov An-70 successfully, after malfunctions of the electronic control system occurred during its April 1997 initial flight. After retiring from flying in 2004, he served a single term in the Ukrainian parliament beginning in 2006. A resident of Bucha, Ukraine, Halunenko survived the battle of Bucha during the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine.

## Awards

* Hero of Ukraine with the Order of the Gold Star (August 21, 1999)
* Order of Merit (Ukraine) (September 20, 1997)
# Ovcharka

Ovcharka or ovtcharka (Russian: овчарка, lit. "sheep dog") may refer to:
* Armenian Gampr, a landrace dog
* Caucasian Shepherd Dog, a breed of dog also known as the Caucasian Ovcharka
* Central Asian Shepherd Dog, a breed of dog also known as the Central Asian Ovcharka
* South Russian Ovcharka, a large, long-haired white sheepdog
* East European Shepherd, a breed of dog also known as the Belarusian Ovcharka
# North Odesa Cape

North Odesa Cape, or Cape E (Ukrainian: мис Е, Північний Одеський), is a northern point of the Gulf of Odesa. The cape is located on the coast between the villages Lisky and Fontanka of the Odesa Oblast.
# George Gore (electrochemist)

George Gore (22 January 1826 – 20 December 1908) was an English electrochemist. The invention of the safety match has been attributed to his research with phosphorus.

## Life

Born at Blackfriars, Bristol on 22 January 1826, he was son of George Gore, a cooper in the city. He was educated at a small private school, and at twelve became an errand boy. At 17 he was apprenticed to a cooper, following the trade for four years.
In 1851 Gore moved to Birmingham, working first as timekeeper at the Soho Foundry, and then as a practitioner in medical galvanism, He subsequently became a chemist to a phosphorus factory; from 1870 to 1880, was lecturer in physics and chemistry at King Edward's School, Birmingham; and finally, from 1880 onwards, was head of the Institute of Scientific Research, Easy Row, Birmingham, which he ran, and where he resided for the remainder of his life.
In 1865 Gore was elected Fellow of the Royal Society as the discoverer of the amorphous allotrope of antimony and electrolytic sounds, and for researches in electro-chemistry. In Birmingham, manufacturers used new methods which he suggested for electroplating. The University of Edinburgh made him hon. LL.D. in 1877, and in 1891 he was allotted a civil list pension.
Gore died at Birmingham on 20 December 1908, and was buried there at Warstone Lane cemetery.

## Works

Between 1853 and 1865 Gore published in the Philosophical Magazine, Pharmaceutical Journal, Journal of the Chemical Society, and elsewhere 30 research papers in chemistry and electro-metallurgy. Three dealing with the properties of electro-deposited antimony were published in the Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society. Other major research related to the properties of liquid carbonic acid and hydrofluoric acid.
Gore was author of three technical treatises:
* The Art of Electro-metallurgy (1877; 5th edit. 1891);
* The Art of Scientific Discovery (1878);
* The Electro-lytic Separation and Refining of Metals (1890).
He wrote also The Scientific Basis of National Progress (1882) and The Scientific Basis of Morality (1899), based on strong materialistic views.

## Family

George married in 1849 Hannah, daughter of Thomas Owen, a Baptist minister; they had issue one son and one daughter. His wife predeceased him in 1907. By his will he directed that his residuary estate, about £5000 should be divided equally between the Royal Society of London and the Royal Institution of Great Britain, to be applied in "assisting original scientific discovery". His daughter, Alice Augusta Gore Fysh, was granted in 1911 a civil list pension of £50.
# The Chinnocks

50°54′59″N 02°44′03″W﻿ / ﻿50.91639°N 2.73417°W﻿ / 50.91639; -2.73417
The Chinnocks are three villages in Somerset, England, south west of Yeovil in the South Somerset district:
* East Chinnock
* Middle Chinnock
* West Chinnock
The origin of the name Chinnock is uncertain. It may be derived from the Old English cinu meaning ravine or cinn meaning a chin shaped hill, with the addition of ock meaning little. An alternative derivation may be an old hill-name of Celtic origin.
The three villages have been separate since at least 1066. East Chinnock and West Chinnock are some 3 km apart. Middle Chinnock is close to West Chinnock and since 1884 has been in the civil parish of West Chinnock, now named West and Middle Chinnock.
The three parishes were part of the hundred of Houndsborough.
# Ludwig Kasner

Ludwig Marian Kasner (né Ludwik Marian Kaźmierczak; October 17, 1896 – February 2, 1959) was a German policeman of Polish ethnicity who worked with the Berlin Police. He was the paternal grandfather of German Chancellor Angela Merkel, whose birth name Kasner had been Germanized from Kaźmierczak by Ludwig Kasner in 1930.
In 2013 Ludwig Kasner received media attention in Poland and Germany after a new book shed light on Angela Merkel's family background. This was not only due to Kasner's being of Polish origin, but also because Kasner's nephew had provided a photograph of him in the uniform of the Polish Blue Army (also known as "Haller's Army") which had fought for Poland's independence in the late stages of World War I.

## Life

Ludwig Kasner was born out of wedlock to Ludwik Wojciechowski and Anna Kaźmierczak (1867–1943), ethnic Poles and citizens of the German Empire from Posen (now Poznań, Poland). His mother was the daughter of Bartłomiej Kaźmierczak (born 1828) and Apolonia Bielejewicz (1826-1903). The Kaźmierczak name derives from Jan Kaźmierczak, an 18th-century Pole from the Poznań area.
In 1915, during World War I, Ludwig was drafted into the German Army and fought on the western front before being taken prisoner of war in France. He subsequently joined the Polish Blue Army, which fought for Polish independence on the side of the Entente Powers; it is not known whether he took part in fighting against Germany. With the Blue Army, he returned to Poland to fight in the Polish-Ukrainian War and the Polish-Soviet War.
After returning from war, in the aftermath of the Treaty of Versailles, Ludwig opted for German citizenship and relocated to Berlin, the hometown of his fiancée Marie Margarete Pörschke (August 11, 1905, at Berlin-Kreuzberg - November 9, 1986, at Berlin-Pankow). He worked in the Berlin Police, last in Berlin's Pankow district, and was promoted twice, reaching the rank of Hauptwachtmeister ("chief watch master", the most senior constable rank). In 1926 their son Horst Kaźmierczak was born.
In 1930 the family Germanized their surname from Kaźmierczak to Kasner. They still kept in touch with the Polish side of the family, visiting them in Poznań several times in the 1930s and receiving visits in Berlin from Polish relatives. Despite the surname change, Ludwig Kasner's nephew Zygmunt Rychlicki said Kasner always stayed true to his Polish roots.
Ludwig Kasner was raised a Catholic, but in the 1930s the family converted to Lutheranism, and his son became a Protestant pastor. Ludwig Kasner died on February 3, 1959, on the premises of the Soviet Military Administration in Germany at Berlin-Karlshorst. His occupation after 1945 is unknown.
Even before the 2013 media reports about Ludwig Kasner, Angela Merkel had said in 1995 that one of her grandfathers was originally from Poland; and in 2000 she had reiterated that she was one-quarter Polish.

## Ancestry

Ancestors of Ludwig Kasner :
# Ratkovci

Ratkovci (pronounced; Hungarian: Rátkalak) is a small village in the Municipality of Moravske Toplice in the Prekmurje region of Slovenia.

## Geography

The population is scattered along the valley of Ratkovci Creek (Slovene: Ratkovski potok) and the road linking Prosenjakovci with Križevci. The shallow valley is dominated by meadows with fields on gentle, sunny slopes and forests at higher elevations. The farms are small, with honey production and dairying being the main economic activities. Most villagers are employed in Prosenjakovci.

## Cultural heritage

There is a three-story wooden belfry in the village, built in 1987 to replace an older structure.

## Notable residents

Ratkovci is the birthplace of the Hungarian Slovenian priest and writer Péter Kollár.
# Başalan, Çınar

Başalan (Kurdish: Sergelya) is a neighbourhood in the municipality and district of Çınar, Diyarbakır Province in Turkey. It is populated by Kurds and had a population of 1,508 in 2022.
# Thomas Mogford (painter)

Thomas Mogford (1 May 1809 – 13 June 1868) was an English portrait painter and landscape painter.

## Life

Mogford was born in Exeter on 1 May 1809, son of a veterinary surgeon of Northlew, Devon. He showed an early talent for drawing, as well as mechanics and chemistry, but eventually decided on painting. He studied in Exeter under John Gendall, and was articled for some years to him and to Mr Cole. At the end of his apprenticeship he married Cole's eldest daughter, and settled in Exeter.
He sent three pictures to the Royal Academy of Arts in 1838, and three in 1839, including a full-length portrait of Sir Thomas Lethbridge, 2nd Baronet, with his horse and dog. About 1843 he moved to London, and subsequently exhibited at the Royal Academy portraits of the sculptor E. H. Baily, the engraver Samuel Cousins, the astronomer John Couch Adams for Cambridge University, the historian Henry Edward Napier and others. He also painted and exhibited The Sacrifice of Noah and The Loves of the Angels (Royal Academy 1846).
Subsequently he moved to Guernsey, where he practised almost entirely as a landscape painter; he also founded a school of painting on the island. He occasionally revisited England and Exeter to paint portraits. Though for some years crippled by palsy through the effects of lead poisoning, he continued to paint up to the day of his death. He died in Saint Martin in Guernsey in 1868.
# Harden Sidney Melville

Harden Sidney Melville (1824–1894) was an English painter, illustrator and draughtsman. He received a medal from the Society of Arts and had three paintings hung in the Royal Academy’s show between 1837 and 1841. He conducted the first official hydrographic survey of the north-east coast of Australia in 1842–1846 on board the H.M.S Fly, which was under the command of Captain Francis Price Blackwood. He illustrated Curiosities of Savage Life by James Greenwood and several notable Australian works including Joseph Beete Jukes’s official narrative of Fly’s voyage and Ludwig Leichhardt’s Journal.
He was the son of the engraver Henry William Melville (1792–1870) and Martha Harden.
He died on 4 June 1894 and was buried in Camden on 8 June 1894.
* Harden Sidney Melville, Autumn Scene. Oil on canvas, c1880.
* Harden Sidney Melville, Winter Scene. Oil on canvas, c1880.
* Cannibal Cooking Pots from Curiosities of Savage Life by James Greenwood, S.O. Beeton, 1863, page 281.
* Darnley Island Mask Dance, from Curiosities of Savage Life by James Greenwood, S.O. Beeton, 1863, page 153.
# Amayak Akopyan

Amayak Arutyunovich Akopyan (Russian: Амая́к Арутю́нович Акопя́н; Armenian: Հմայակ Հարությունի Հակոբյան); born 1 December 1956, Moscow, USSR) is a Soviet and Russian illusionist, actor, circus artist. Ethnic Armenian. Presidential Decree awarded the honorary title Honored Artist of Russia. The son of the famous magician Arutyun Akopyan [de] and his wife Liya, opera singer. In the movies, originally played jugglers, then switched to the characteristic roles. He is best known for roles in Frenzied Bus (1990) and The Master and Margarita (1994).
Akopyan graduated from the film directing department of GITIS.
In 1996–2001, he was the host of the TV program Good Night, Little Ones! (as Rakhat Lukumych).
# Dorothy Langlands

Dorothy Langlands (née Storey) (died 1845) was an English silversmith.
Langlands was the daughter of Charles Storey of Soho. She married John Langlands II, whose family were the most prominent silversmiths in Newcastle-upon-Tyne for sixty years. Langlands' husband died in 1804 and after his death, she registered a mark of her own, although the date of registration is unknown. Classified as both a goldsmith and a jeweler, she was active until 1814, with an address on Dean Street. She is among the best-known of the silversmiths from Newcastle-upon-Tyne; despite this, the quality of her engraving is crude.
A George III tea set crafted by Langlands between 1809 and 1812 is in the collection of the National Museum of Women in the Arts.
# Beneklitaş, Çınar

Beneklitaş is a neighbourhood in the municipality and district of Çınar, Diyarbakır Province in Turkey. Its population is 791 (2022).
# Charlotte Vandenhoff

Charlotte Elizabeth Vandenhoff (1818 – 31 July 1860), became Charlotte Swinbourne, was a British actress who appeared in leading theatres in London, New York and Philadelphia.

## Life

Vandenhoff was born in Liverpool in 1818. Her parents were Elizabeth (born Pike) and the actor John Vandenhoff. Her younger brother was the elocutionist and actor George Vandenhoff.
Her debut as an actress was in the role of Juliet at Drury Lane on 11 April 1836. She soon appeared at the other leading theatres of Covent Garden and the Haymarket. She played several roles in The Lady of Lyons (Imogen, Cordelia, and Pauline). In 1837 she took the role of Lydia in the first production of The Love Chase by Sheridan Knowles.
In 1852, she was chosen to be in John Tallis's "Shakespeare Gallery" in a painting titled Miss Vandenhoff as Juliet (with a quote from Act 3, scene ii). Engravings were made and potters in Stoke made figurines of her.
In 1839 she went to America where she acted in New York. Her father had acted in New York two years before. She played the role of Julia in a production called The Hunchback at the National Theatre. She went on to the Chestnut Street Theatre in Philadelphia where she created the same role.
In January 1841 she and her father were still in America. They appeared at the Tremont Theatre in Boston in a benefit for her father. Charlotte again played Juliette and her father in his "very last role" in America. Her father played Mercutio in the same play and on the same night the title role in Coriolanus.
In 1845 she and her father appeared at Covent Garden in Sophocles. Her father played Creon and she played, in what some thought her "great triumph", "Antigone".
On 7 July 1856 she married another actor Thomas Swinbourne at St Mary's Church in Hull. Almost immediately she tried to undo the marriage. The following year she joined her father as he went to Edinburgh where he played Wolsey in Henry VIII with Henry Irving in the role of "Surrey".
Having taken ill in Birmingham, Vandenhoff died in 1860 in Handsworth, Staffordshire. Her father died in the following year.
# Veľký Čepčín

Veľký Čepčín (Hungarian: Nagycsepcsény) is a village and municipality in Turčianske Teplice District in the Žilina Region of northern central Slovakia.

## History

In historical records the village was first mentioned in 1262. Before the establishment of independent Czechoslovakia in 1918, it was part of Turóc County within the Kingdom of Hungary. From 1939 to 1945, it was part of the Slovak Republic.

## Geography

The municipality lies at an altitude of 470 metres and covers an area of 6.78 km². It has a population of about 215 people.
# Perto

Perto (Italian: Pertone) was the Abbot of Farfa from 854/7 to 872. Between 857 and 859 he received a privilege from the Emperor Louis II confirming a cella (probably a small monastic house) called Santa Maria del Mignone. Since this is the first time Santa Maria is mentioned in Farfa's possession it may have been acquired around this time by Perto. Louis's diploma confirmed privileges granted Farfa by his father, Lothair I, in 840. The imperial diploma forbade any financial imposition ("tribute or census") on Farfa by any pope or secular ruler ("duke or prince"). This diploma may have been aimed at courting good relations with the pope (either Benedict III or Nicholas II) or it may be associated with Louis's intervention in the Duchy of Spoleto in 860. In 864 Louis confirmed Farfa's possessions and, at the insistence of Bishop Peter of Spoleto, protector of the abbey since 840, made a donation to it in the region of Massa Torana.
Around this time Centumcellae, a village on the other side of the valley of Mignone from Santa Maria, was sacked by Saracen marauders. In 854 it was refounded by Pope Leo IV and renamed Leopolis (modern Civitavecchia). Before the ninth century was out Farfa itself would be attacked by Saracens. To them is probably due the obscurity of Farfa's abbots during the period from Perto, who succeeded Hilderic, to Peter, who rescued his monks and his library from the Saracens.
Perto was succeeded by John I.
# Kuhak-e Kuchek

Kuhak-e Kuchek (Persian: كوهك كوچك, also Romanized as Kūhak-e Kūchek, Koohak Koochak, Kūhak-e Kūchak, Kūhak-i-Kūchak, and Kūhak Kūchek) is a village in Rudhaleh Rural District, Rig District, Ganaveh County, Bushehr Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 167, in 31 families.
# Denys Pavlyuk

Denys Pavlyuk (Ukrainian: Денис Павлюк; born 15 January 1992) is a Ukrainian modern pentathlete. He is 2018 European bronze medalist in men's team competition.
# Oleksiy Remeniuk

Oleksiy Ivanovych Remeniuk (Ukrainian: Олексій Іванович Ременюк; 12 January 1956 – 9 November 2022) was a Ukrainian politician. A member of Hromada and later Batkivshchyna, he served in the Verkhovna Rada from 1998 to 2006.
Remeniuk died in a traffic collision in Simferopol, on 9 November 2022, at the age of 66.
# Leonid Zhunko

Leonid Mykhailovych Zhunko (Ukrainian: Леонід Михайлович Жунько) (born 9 June 1951, in Krasne Pole, Markivka Raion, Ukraine), is a Ukrainian politician.
In 2000s he served as a Presidential representative in Crimea as well as Governor of Sevastopol.
# The Sunflower Woman

The Sunflower Woman (Hungarian: A Napraforgós hölgy) is a 1918 Hungarian film directed by Michael Curtiz. Based on the play by Yugoslav and Croatian playwright from Dubrovnik, Ivo Vojnović, the film was shot on location in Dubrovnik.

## Cast

* Ivo Badalic
* Jenő Balassa
* Lucy Doraine
* Lajos Kemenes
* Cläre Lotto
* Erzsi B. Marton
* Iván Petrovich
* Svetozar Petrov
* Lajos Réthey
* Anton Tiller
* Jenő Törzs
# Hamazaspes

Hamazaspes (Greek: Ἁμαζάσπης; fl. 814–815) was a high-ranking Byzantine official who held the title of protasekretis, overseeing the imperial chancery. During the period of 814–815, he aligned himself with Emperor Leo V the Armenian's iconoclastic policies. The name Hamazaspes is derived from the Middle Persian Hamāzāsp, which translates to "owner of warhorses", and was common among both Persians and the Armenian nobility. As a result, it is unclear whether this specific Hamazaspes was of Iranian or Armenian heritage.

## Referencecs

* 1 2 3 Shukurov 2024, p. 137.
* ↑ Shukurov 2023, p. 205.

## Sources

* Shukurov, Rustam (2023). "Speaking Persian in Byzantium". Journal of Late Antique, Islamic and Byzantine Studies. 2 (1–2): 202–214. doi:10.3366/jlaibs.2023.0020.
* Shukurov, Rustam (2024). Byzantine Ideas of Persia, 650–1461. Routledge.
* This Byzantine biographical article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
# Art Sevada

Artak Sevada Grigorian (Armenian: Արտակ Սևադա Գրիգորյան; born July 23, 1972), known professionally as Art Sevada (Armenian: Արտ Սևադա), is an Armenian-American motion picture screenwriter, producer, director, designer and an entrepreneur.

## Early life

Art Sevada was born in Abovyan, Armenia, in the family of renowned artist Samvel Sevada. He studied violin, piano, and woodwind instruments at the local music school in Abovyan. In 1990, he immigrated to the U.S.
He studied at:
* Herbert Hoover High School, Glendale, California (1991)
* Glendale Community College (1995)
* CSUN, majoring in Visual Arts Graphic Design (1997)

## Career

He has released three albums of original composed music - Palpitation of a Soul (1995); Years of Solitude (1998); and Disconnected (2000). All albums were exclusively distributed by Garni Records (BMI).
In 1998, he founded Sevada Productions, where Sevada executed multimedia and advertising projects for artists, various types of companies and creative firms.
In 2005, Sevada started the filming of the Sevada Short Films Trilogy, first with Mikosh, starring Ofelia Zakaryan, later followed by As a Beginning and The Rope, starring Michael Poghosyan and Sergey Danielyan. In 2008, he was invited to shoot a film called Three Colors in Black & White as part of a full-length film project shot by 12 Armenian directors dedicated to Yerevan, the capital city of Armenia.
In 2015, he founded GRIGOCORP (now called Konstruct Logistics), a media and products conglomerate, which he is also the CEO of.

## Personal life

Sevada is married to Gohar Sevada Grigorian and has two daughters. They currently reside in Los Angeles.
# Verkhniokamianka

Verkhniokamianka (Ukrainian: Верхньокам'янка) is a village in the Sievierodonetsk Raion of Luhansk Oblast, in eastern Ukraine, near the border with Donetsk Oblast. It is about 10 km from the outskirts of Lysychansk city. Nearby settlements are Zolotarivka and Vovchoiarivka. Most of Verkhnokamyanka is occupied by the Lysychansk Oil Refinery.
The village, including the oil refinery, was captured by Russian forces during the Russo-Ukrainian War.

## Demographics

As of 2001, the village had a population of 205. The linguistic composition was:
Native languages in Verkhniokamianka
Languages
percent
Ukrainian
84.4%
Russian
15.6% :