OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Garak, Khuzestan

Garak (Persian: گرك) is a village in Howmeh-ye Sharqi Rural District, in the Central District of Ramhormoz County, Khuzestan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 189, in 41 families.
# Larud

Larud (Persian: لرود, also Romanized as Larūd; also known as Lūrd) is a village in Somam Rural District, Rankuh District, Amlash County, Gilan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 520, in 113 families.
# Lúka

Lúka (Hungarian: Vágluka) is a village and municipality in Nové Mesto nad Váhom District in the Trenčín Region of western Slovakia.

## History

In historical records the village was first mentioned in 1426. Before the establishment of independent Czechoslovakia in 1918, Lúka was part of Nyitra County within the Kingdom of Hungary. From 1939 to 1945, it was part of the Slovak Republic.

## Geography

The municipality lies at an altitude of 200 metres and covers an area of 17.407 km$^2$. It has a population of about 721 people.

## Trivia

'Lúka' is the Slovak word for meadow.
# Amr ibn Hurayth

Amr ibn Hurayth ibn Amr ibn Uthman al-Makhzumi (Arabic: عمرو بن حريث بن عمرو بن عثمان, romanized: ʿAmr ibn Ḥurayth ibn ʿAmr ibn ʿUthmān; died 705) was a prominent member of the Quraysh in Kufa and the deputy governor of the city under the Umayyad governors of Iraq Ziyad ibn Abihi (670–673), Ubayd Allah ibn Ziyad (675–683) and Bishr ibn Marwan (692–694).

## Life

Amr was the son of Hurayth ibn Amr ibn Uthman ibn Abd Allah ibn Umar ibn Makhzum and belonged to the Banu Makhzum clan of the Quraysh tribe of Mecca. He became the wealthiest person in the Arab garrison town and administrative center of Kufa in Iraq. When Kufa was added to Ziyad ibn Abihi's governorship by Caliph Mu'awiya I in 670, thereby making Ziyad governor of all Iraq, Ziyad made Amr his deputy governor over Kufa. He remained in this post until Ziyad's death in 673 and was reinstalled by Ziyad's son and ultimate successor, Ubayd Allah who took office in 675. Ibn Ziyad also made him head of his shurta (security forces). Ibn Ziyad was expelled from Basra after the death of Caliph Yazid I (r. 680–683) and Amr was similarly toppled by the Kufans, who replaced him with Amir ibn Mas'ud al-Jumahi. The Umayyad governor of Iraq, Bishr ibn Marwan appointed Amr his deputy in Kufa in 692–94. He is credited by Ahmad ibn Hanbal for introducing the ceremony marking the Day of Arafat in Kufa, though this has also been ascribed to Mus'ab ibn al-Zubayr. He died in 705.
# Rybionek

Rybionek is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Rybno, within Sochaczew County, Masovian Voivodeship, in east-central Poland. It lies approximately 14 kilometres (9 mi) west of Sochaczew and 65 km (40 mi) west of Warsaw.
# Oleh Stepanenko

Oleh Oleksiyovych Stepanenko (Ukrainian: Олег Олексійович Степаненко; born 22 July 2004) is a Ukrainian professional footballer who plays as a central midfielder for Lithuanian club Akmene.
# Henry Dunlop of Craigton

Henry Dunlop of Craigton FRSE DL (1799–1867) was a Scottish cotton manufacturer and merchant who served as Lord Provost of Glasgow from 1837 to 1840.

## Life

He was born on 7 June 1799 in Kilbarchan in Renfrewshire the third son of James Dunlop of Linwood (1762–1826) and his wife, Bruce Alice (sic) (1769–1855), daughter of Rev James Alice of Paisley. He joined the family firm of James Miller & Sons (one of the oldest cotton firms in Scotland) around 1813. He was educated at Glasgow High School and spent some time at Glasgow University (without graduating). In 1829 he purchased the estate of Craigton in south-west Glasgow.
He was a leading member of the Glasgow Chamber of Commerce from 1830 until death.
He was elected Lord Provost of Glasgow in 1837 aged only 37, one of the city's youngest Lord Provosts. During his period in office he lived at 86 Miller Street in Glasgow. His was a bitterly contested election which had to be settled by the House of Lords.
In the Disruption of 1843 in the Church of Scotland he played a leading role in the political guidance upon the religious schism.
In 1854 he was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society of Edinburgh his proposer being John Learmonth his counterpart, being the former Lord Provost of Edinburgh.
He was later Vice Chairman of the Edinburgh and Glasgow Railway and remained Vice Chairman when it amalgamated to create the far larger North British Railway. He sold Craigton House to a merchant, Graham Hutchison, several years prior to his death.
He died during a visit to Edinburgh on 10 May 1867 from a "painful internal complaint." His widow moved to Edinburgh where she died on 20 January 1872.

## Family

He married twice, firstly in 1826 to Ann Cairnie (1800–1829) by whom he had two children Margaret Ann Dunlop (who died in childhood) and James Dunlop (1828–1898). Secondly in 1831 he married Alexina Rankin from Greenock (1804–1872) by whom he had ten further children.

## Artistic recognition

He was photographed several times by David Octavius Hill.
# Not by Bread Alone

Not by Bread Alone (Russian: Не хлебом единым) is a 1956 novel by the Soviet author Vladimir Dudintsev. The novel, published in installments in the journal Novy Mir, was a sensation in the USSR. The tale of an engineer who is opposed by bureaucrats in seeking to implement his invention came to be a literary symbol of the Khrushchev Thaw.
# Guy W. Selby

Guy W. Selby (April 1871 – May 9, 1968) was a Michigan politician.

## Political life

He was elected as the Mayor of City of Flint in 1909 for the first of two 1 year terms. defeating the incumbent. In the 1910 election, he defeated former mayor Austin D. Alvord.

## Post-political life

In 1916, Selby was president of the Genesee County Bar Association.
# Bovdury

Bovdury (Ukrainian: Бовдури) is a village (selo) in Zolochiv Raion, Lviv Oblast, in western Ukraine. It belongs to Brody urban hromada, one of the hromadas of Ukraine.
From 1918 to 1939 the village was in Tarnopol Voivodeship in Poland.
Until 18 July 2020, Bovdury belonged to Brody Raion. The raion was abolished in July 2020 as part of the administrative reform of Ukraine, which reduced the number of raions of Lviv Oblast to seven. The area of Brody Raion was merged into Zolochiv Raion.
# Sir Philip Miles, 2nd Baronet

Sir Philip John William Miles, 2nd Baronet (2 September 1825 – 5 June 1888) was an English politician. Educated at Eton College and Trinity College, Cambridge, he then served in the 17th Lancers. He was a sheriff of Bristol in 1853 and partner in the family's bank, Miles & Co, from 1852 to 1854. He sat as Conservative Member of Parliament (MP) for East Somerset from 1878 to 1885 and was a member of the Carlton Club and the Army and Navy Club.
In 1878, he inherited the baronetcy of Leigh Court, Somerset, from his father William, who had previously been Conservative MP for East Somerset along, with estates in Somerset. He had his own estate in County Kerry, Ireland. He was cousin of Philip Napier Miles, Frank Miles and Katharine Tennant.
He supported an amendment to the Representation of the People Act 1884 and the Franchise Bill debated earlier that year, that would have allowed votes for women who were householders on equal terms with men. The vote was defeated and women finally received the vote in the UK in 1918.
In 1848, he married Frances Roche (1827–1908), daughter of Sir David Roche, Bt, Roche baronets, MP for Limerick. Frances was a renowned society beauty nicknamed the "Venus of Miles" in reference to the classical sculpture the Venus de Milo. She attracted a number of admirers including Charles Manners, 6th Duke of Rutland who scandalised society by leaving his 120-foot yacht, Lufra, to her in his will. They had the following children:
* Alice Catherine Miles (1850–1926), who married firstly in 1870 George Duppa, JP (1819–1888), and secondly in 1889 Lt Col Gerard Vivian Ames, 1st The Royal Dragoons (1853–1899), having six children between the two marriages.
* William John Miles (1852–1859).
* Edith Clara Miles (1854–1934), who in 1875 married Charles William Mansel Lewis (1849–1931) of Stradey Castle, Llanelli, Deputy Lieutenant and High Sheriff of Carmarthen, and had a son and a daughter.
* Mabel Constance Miles (1856–1944), who married Casamajor William Gaussen (chief guest at the wedding was the Prince of Wales, later King Edward VII, a friend and shooting companion of Sir Philip Miles), and had issue.
* Violet Bessie Miles (1867–1883).
* Sir Cecil Miles, 3rd Baronet (1873–1898), who married Minnie Spire in 1896 but had no children. His widow subsequently married Frederick Hilton Gibbes in 1904.
He died of acute laryngitis at his London house, 75 Cornwall Gardens, Kensington, SW, and was succeeded by his son, Cecil, in 1888. His widow subsequently married an American from St Louis, Missouri, Dr John Nicholls, in 1904 and they lived at Maidenhead, Berkshire, and she died in 1908.
# Anna of Cleves (1495–1567)

Anna of Cleves (1495-1567) was from 1524 to her husband's death in 1539 the Countess of Waldeck.

## Life

Anna was born in 1495 to John II, Duke of Cleves and his wife, Matilda of Hesse. She had two legitimate siblings, John and Adolf. Her father was known for allegedly having 63 illegitimate children. From 1517-1519, Anna was imprisoned by her brother to stop her from marrying Philip III, Count of Waldeck. Anna would go on to marry him in 1519, having four children:
* Philip V (1519/20-1584)
* John I, Count of Waldeck-Landau (1521/22-1567)
* Catherine (1523/24-1583)
* Francis (1526-1574)
Philip died in 1539. She would outlive him by 28 years.
Anna's niece, Anne of Cleves, may have been named after her.
# Bruce J. McDonald (Michigan politician)

Bruce J. McDonald (August 26, 1866 – June 1, 1923) was a Michigan politician. He was a Masons and the Knights Templar member.

## Early life

McDonald was born in Lakeport, Michigan. At age thirteen, he move to Flint to attend Flint Union High School. After he received his high school diploma, he was employed as a messenger by the First Union Bank. He continued working there and was over time promoted reaching the position of cashier.

## Political life

He was elected as the Mayor of City of Flint in 1904 for a single 1 year terms.

## Post-political life

MacDonald was married Grace Baird to in 1907 and had three children. In 1917 and 32 service years, he resigned from First Union Bank. He also served on the board of directors of the First National and the Genesee County Savings Banks. Additional, he served treasurer of the Home Builders and the firm Stone, MacDonald and Kaufman. Becoming sick in 1921, he travel to Battle Creek to be cured only to return to Hurley Hospital, Flint and lost his leg. On June 1, 1923, he died at his east Fifth Street home and was buried in Glenwood Cemetery, Flint.
Political offices :
| Preceded byAustin D. Alvord | Mayor of Flint 1904–1905 | Succeeded byDavid D. Aitken |
# United States Senate Committee on Cuban Relations

The United States Senate Committee on Cuban Relations was formed following the Spanish–American War, in 1899. The Committee was terminated, along with many others, in 1921.

## Chairmen of the Senate Committee on Cuban Relations, 1899–1921

* Orville H. Platt (R-CT) 1899–1905
* Henry E. Burnham (R-NH) 1905–1909
* George Sutherland (R-UT) 1909–1911
* Carroll S. Page (R-VT) 1911–1913
* Joseph L. Bristow (R-KS) 1913–1915
* Oscar W. Underwood (D-AL) 1916–1919
* Hiram W. Johnson (R-CA) 1919–1921
# The Death of Adolf Hitler (ITV Sunday Night Theatre)

"The Death of Adolf Hitler" is a 1973 British television play, an episode of ITV Sunday Night Theatre. It stars Frank Finlay as Adolf Hitler and Caroline Mortimer as Eva Braun. First aired on 7 January 1973, the drama details the last 10 days of Hitler's life as World War II comes to an end and Allied troops close in on the Führerbunker. Michael Sheard (who played Himmler) and Tony Steedman (who played Gen. Jodl) would play the same roles in the American television film The Bunker in 1981. The play depicts Hitler as a tragic antihero tormented by both the past and present, unable to reconcile his hopes and dreams with the reality of the nightmare of his own making.
Finlay won a British Academy Television Award as Best Actor for his performance.
# Ağaçsever, Çınar

Ağaçsever (Kurdish: Botika) is a neighbourhood in the municipality and district of Çınar, Diyarbakır Province in Turkey. It is populated by Kurds and had a population of 1,334 in 2022.
# Thomas Murray (writer)

Thomas Murray (1792–15 April 1872) was a Scottish printer and writer. His most noted work is The Literary History of Galloway.

## Life

Born into a working-class family in the parish of Girthon, Kirkcudbrightshire, Murray was educated at the parish school, and at the University of Edinburgh, which he entered in 1810. Thomas Carlyle, Alexander Murray and he were early friends, and walked together from Galloway to Edinburgh each session during their university career. A regular correspondence passed between Carlyle and Murray for some years afterwards.
Murray was destined for the ministry of the Church of Scotland, however after obtaining his licence and preaching for some time, he took to writing. He became connected with Sir David Brewster and the staff of writers on Brewster's Cyclopædia, and from contact with Leonard Horner and John Ramsay McCulloch became interested in political economy. In 1843 he was one of the founders, and for many years afterwards (1843–72) secretary, of the Edinburgh Galloway Association; in 1846 he was one of the founders and original members of the Edinburgh Philosophical Institution (of which Thomas Carlyle was president till his death), and acted for about 30 years as secretary of the Edinburgh School of Arts (1844–72). For six years (1854–60) he was a member of the Edinburgh town council, where he acted with the Whig or moderate Liberal party.
In the 1830s he is listed as living at 3 Albany Street in Edinburgh's New Town.
In 1841 Murray established in Edinburgh the printing business of Murray & Gibb, successful, and later becoming Morrison & Gibb.
He died on 15 April 1872 at Elm Bank, near Lasswade. He is buried with his wife Janet Murray (1799-1889) and their five children against the south-east boundary wall of Restalrig Church in eastern Edinburgh.

## Works

Murray's works, with pamphlets, were:
* The Literary History of Galloway: from the Earliest Period to the Present Time, Edinburgh, 1822.
* The Life of Samuel Rutherford, Edinburgh, 1828.
* The Life of Robert Leighton, D.D., archbishop of Glasgow, Edinburgh, 1828.
* The Life of John Wycliffe, Edinburgh, 1829.
* Biographical Annals of the Parish of Colinton, Edinburgh, 1863.
He also edited Samuel Rutherford's Last Speeches of John, Viscount Kenmure, Edinburgh, 1827; and Letters of David Hume, Edinburgh, 1841.

## Family

Murray left a widow Janet Murray (1799-1889), daughter of Alexander Murray of Wigton, and two daughters, one of whom married William Wilson Hunter.
# John Forbes Watson

John Forbes Watson (1827–1892) was a Scottish physician and writer on India.

## Life

Born in Scotland, Watson was the son of an Aberdeenshire farmer, George Watson and his wife Jean McHardy. He was educated at the University of Aberdeen, where he graduated M.A. in March 1847, and M.D. on 5 August 1847. He completing his medical studies at Guy's Hospital, London, and in Paris.
Watson was appointed assistant surgeon in the Bombay army medical service in August 1850. He served with the artillery at Ahmednagar and with the Scinde horse at Khangarh (Jacobabad), and was then appointed assistant surgeon to the Jamsetjee Hospital and lecturer on physiology at Grant Medical College. There for a time he also acted as professor of medicine and lecturer on clinical medicine.
Returning to England on sick leave in 1853, Watson spent some time at the School of Mines in London's Jermyn Street. He was then appointed by the court of directors of the East India Company to run an investigation into the food grains of India. In 1858 he was nominated by the secretary of state reporter on the products of India and director of the India Museum, appointments which he held till the transfer to South Kensington of the India Museum at the end of 1879. His medical practice dropped back from the mid-1850s.
In 1874 Watson submitted to government a proposal for the establishment of an Indian museum and library, together with an Indian institute in a central position, where candidates for the civil service might pursue oriental studies. His argument for a museum for India and the colonies was supported by the Royal Colonial Institute, and was a factor in the establishment of the Imperial Institute. He represented India at the 1862 International Exhibition in London, at the International Exposition (1867) in Paris, and at the 1873 Vienna World's Fair; and at the South Kensington annual exhibitions from 1870 to 1874.
Foster retired from the India Office in 1880, and died at Upper Norwood on 29 July 1892. He was elected a fellow of the Linnean Society in 1889.

## Works

Watson was the author of:
* The Textile Manufactures and the Costumes of the People of India, London, 1866.
* Index to the Native and Scientific Names of Indian and other Eastern Economic Plants and Products, London, 1868.
* International Exhibitions, London, 1873.
In 1855 Watson published a pamphlet on the sanitary application of charcoal. He also drew up catalogues for the Indian departments at international exhibitions, and with John William Kaye edited Meadows Taylor's People of India, London, 1868–1872, 6 vols.
As part of his departmental work, Watson established a photographic branch. Numerous photographs were made in depicting India, and large maps of the country in relief. They were used to illustrate his own works and those of other writers.

## Family

Watson was married, and was survived by his widow, Amelia Mary Anne Watson.
# Daniel Mahaffy

Daniel Mahaffy (born 15 December 2005) is an English footballer who plays as a midfielder for North West Counties League Premier Division club AFC Liverpool.

## Career

Mahaffy joined the Port Vale youth system from Marine, having previously been with Preston North End. He captained the youth team. He made his first-team debut on 7 November 2023, coming on as an 87th-minute substitute for Ryan Loft in a 2–1 defeat at Wrexham in the EFL Trophy. On 23 December, he joined Northern Premier League Division One West club Newcastle Town on a work experience loan, alongside youth-team teammates Andrew Buah and Eli Fisher. He did not play a game for Newcastle, however, as the club underwent a change in management. On 4 April 2014, it was confirmed that he had joined North West Counties League Premier Division side AFC Liverpool on a work experience loan. By the end of the 2023–24 season, he had played 16 games for AFC Liverpool, during which the club kept two clean sheets. He was once named as man of the match. He left Vale Park after not being offered a professional contract when his two-year youth scholarship ended. He subsequently joined AFC Liverpool on a permanent basis.

## Style of play

Mahaffy is a hard-working midfielder with excellent leadership skills.

## Career statistics

    As of match played 20 April 2024
Appearances and goals by club, season and competition :
| Club | Season | League | League | League | FA Cup | FA Cup | EFL Cup | EFL Cup | Other | Other | Total | Total |
| Club | Season | Division | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals |
| Port Vale | 2023–24 | EFL League One | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
| Newcastle Town (loan) | 2023–24 | Northern Premier League Division One West | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| AFC Liverpool (loan) | 2023–24 | North West Counties League Premier Division | 16 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 16 | 0 |
| AFC Liverpool | 2024–25 | North West Counties League Premier Division | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| AFC Liverpool | Total | Total | 16 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 16 | 0 |
| Career total | Career total | Career total | 16 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 17 | 0 |
* ↑ Appearances in the EFL Trophy
# Staritsa

Staritsa (Russian: Старица) is the name of several inhabited localities in Russia.

## Modern localities
### Urban localities

* Staritsa (town), Tver Oblast, a town in Staritsky District of Tver Oblast

### Rural localities

* Staritsa, Astrakhan Oblast, a selo in Staritsky Selsoviet of Chernoyarsky District in Astrakhan Oblast; 48°13′N 45°56′E﻿ / ﻿48.217°N 45.933°E﻿ / 48.217; 45.933
* Staritsa, Kaluga Oblast, a village in Ulyanovsky District of Kaluga Oblast
* Staritsa, Kirov Oblast, a selo in Yumsky Rural Okrug of Svechinsky District in Kirov Oblast; 58°38′N 47°36′E﻿ / ﻿58.633°N 47.600°E﻿ / 58.633; 47.600
* Staritsa, Novgorod Oblast, a village in Velilskoye Settlement of Maryovsky District in Novgorod Oblast
* Staritsa, Orenburg Oblast, a selo in Krasnouralsky Selsoviet of Orenburgsky District in Orenburg Oblast
* Staritsa, Oryol Oblast, a settlement in Novosinetsky Selsoviet of Bolkhovsky District in Oryol Oblast
* Staritsa, Tambov Oblast, a settlement in Maryinsky Selsoviet of Kirsanovsky District in Tambov Oblast
* Staritsa, Tomsk Oblast, a selo in Parabelsky District of Tomsk Oblast
* Staritsa (rural locality), Tver Oblast, a station in Staritsa Rural Settlement of Staritsky District in Tver Oblast

## Alternative names

* Staritsa, alternative name of Staritsy, a village in Sabskoye Settlement Municipal Formation of Volosovsky District in Leningrad Oblast; 59°4′N 29°31′E﻿ / ﻿59.067°N 29.517°E﻿ / 59.067; 29.517
# Ishdavletovo

Ishdavletovo (Russian: Ишдавлетово; Bashkir: Ишдәүләт, İşdäwlät) is a rural locality (a village) in Starosubkhangulovsky Selsoviet, Burzyansky District, Bashkortostan, Russia. The population was 29 as of 2010. There are 4 streets.

## Geography

Ishdavletovo is located 7 km south of Starosubkhangulovo (the district's administrative centre) by road. Starosubkhangulovo is the nearest rural locality.
# Tatsuo Sugimoto

Tatsuo Sugimoto (杉本 龍勇, Sugimoto Tatsuo, born 25 November 1970) is a Japanese sprinter. He competed in the men's 100 metres at the 1992 Summer Olympics.
# Iryna Bekeshkina

Iryna Erykivna Bekeshkina (Ukrainian: Ірина Ериківна Бекешкінa; 4 February 1952 – 20 March 2020) was a Ukrainian sociologist. She was the head of the Ilko Kucheriv Democratic Initiatives Foundation from 2010 until 2020. She specialized in the study of Ukrainian society and politics. She was also a frequent media commentator and policy advocate.

## Life and career

In 1974, Bekeshkina graduated from the Taras Shevchenko University of Kyiv with a degree in philosophy. She then completed her graduate studies at the Institute of Philosophy within the Soviet Academy of Sciences.
Bekeshkina was a scientific editor of Філософська думка (Philosophical Thought, uk), one of the leading philosophy journals of Ukraine. In 1977, she became a researcher at the Soviet Academy of Sciences, and beginning in 1990 she worked as a researcher at the Institute of Sociology of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine.
Bekeshkina began to work at the Ilko Kucheriv Democratic Initiatives Foundation in 1996. There she conducted research, publishing papers largely on the sociology of politics and elections. She particularly focused on the politics of Ukraine.
Bekeshkina became the head of the Democratic Initiatives Foundation in 2010, and remained the head of that organization until her death. She was also a member of the board of the Ukrainian Think Tanks Liaison Office, and was affiliated with the Media Director NGO, a Ukrainian media watchdog organization.
Bekeshkina was named the 38th most influential woman in Ukraine by Focus Magazine in 2007, and in 2008 she was named 51st most influential woman in Ukraine. In explaining these rankings, the magazine cited her public-facing work in the study of political information and Ukrainian foreign policy. In 2018 and 2020, she was included in lists of the 100 most successful women in Ukraine compiled by the magazine HB (uk).
In 2020, Bekeshkina died in Kyiv from stomach cancer.
In November 2022, as part of a derussification campaign, Kyiv's Dmitry Karbyshev Street was renamed to Iryna Bekeshkina Street.

## Selected awards

* Senior Fellow, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine