OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Spheres trilogy

The Spheres trilogy (German: Sphären-Trilogie) is three books about the human conception of inhabited spaces, written by the German philosopher Peter Sloterdijk and titled Bubbles (1998), Globes (1999) and Foams (2004). The books were published in German by Suhrkamp Verlag and in English translation by Semiotext(e).

## Bubbles: Spheres Volume I: Microspherology

Bubbles: Spheres Volume I: Microspherology (German: Sphären. Mikrosphärologie. Band I. Blasen) was published by Suhrkamp Verlag in 1998. The original German version is 644 pages long. The book uses visual language to present a general theory about couplings, and how individuals are never alone because they always align themselves with the Other. It was published in English translation by Wieland Hoban through Semiotext(e) on 14 October 2011.

## Globes: Spheres Volume II: Macrospherology

Globes: Spheres Volume II: Macrospherology (German: Sphären. Makrosphärologie. Band II. Globen) was published by Suhrkamp Verlag in 1999. At 1013 pages, it is the longest book in the series and analyzes the philosophical foundations of the last 2000 years of human history, beginning with how the ancient Greeks represented the world as an orb and thereby began globalisation. The book was published in English translation by Wieland Hoban through Semiotext(e) on 10 October 2014.

## Foams: Spheres Volume III: Plural Spherology

Foams: Spheres Volume III: Plural Spherology (German: Sphären. Plurale Sphärologie. Band III. Schäume) was published by Suhrkamp Verlag in 2004 and is 916 pages long. Focusing on contemporary times, it analyzes how social bubbles are bound together to constitute a society, and moves into a theology where spatiality is at the centre. The book was published in English translation by Wieland Hoban through Semiotext(e) on 19 August 2016.

## Reception

The Canadian philosopher Marie-Eve Morin highlights the large scope of Sloterdijk's attempt to analyze globalisation through the spatial implications in Martin Heidegger's Dasein concept, writing that the Spheres trilogy offers "a comprehensive narrative concerning the historical development of humankind". Comparing the Spheres trilogy to the pessimistic theories about human societies in Carl Schmitt's Land and Sea [it] (1942), the media studies scholar Ethan Stoneman writes that Sloterdijk's "spherology" offers an affirmative "spatial anthropology" where shared spaces and shared living are ever-renewable, without the need for nostalgia, resignation or expansionist geopolitics.
# The Secret of One Hour

The Secret of One Hour (German: Das Geheimnis einer Stunde) is a 1926 German silent crime film directed by Max Obal and starring Ernst Reicher, Helena Makowska and Hilde Horst. It is part of the series of films portraying the detective character Stuart Webbs.
It was shot at the Emelka Studios in Munich.

## Cast

* Ernst Reicher as Stuart Webbs
* Helena Makowska as Geraldine Kreagh
* Hilde Horst as Ethel - Geraldines Schwester
* Hermann Nesselträger as Winston Horward
* Gustav Ingo-Schröter
* Otto Kronburger
* Hermann Pfanz as Polizeikommisar
* Ferdinand Martini as John
* Klara Ney
* Manfred Koempel-Pilot
# Cedar River Railroad

The Cedar River Railroad (reporting mark CEDR) is a shortline subsidiary of the Canadian National Railway that operates on former Illinois Central Gulf Railroad trackage. In 1991, the railroad was formed as a reorganization of the bankrupt Cedar Valley Railroad, which had begun operations in 1984. It was owned by the Chicago Central and Pacific Railroad, itself an ICG spin-off that was reacquired by the successor Illinois Central Railroad in 1996.
The railroad has connections with the Union Pacific Railroad in Glenville, Minnesota, Iowa, Chicago and Eastern Railroad in Charles City, Iowa and Lyle, Minnesota, and Chicago Central and Pacific Railroad at Waterloo, Iowa.
# Tang-e Esmail

Tang-e Esmail (Persian: تنگ اسماعيل, also Romanized as Tang-e Esmā‘īl; also known as Esmā‘īlābād) is a village in Qaleh Shahin Rural District, in the Central District of Sarpol-e Zahab County, Kermanshah Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 400, in 89 families.
# Suleiman Ali Mourad

Suleiman Ali Mourad is a Lebanese religious studies scholar. He is Myra M. Sampson Professor of Religion and Middle East Studies and the chair of Department of Religion at Smith College. His work explores Islamic history, religious thought, Jerusalem, Jihad ideology, and how modernity has transformed Muslims' views on their history, legal traditions, and intellectual heritage.

## Works
### As author

* Ibn Asakir of Damascus: Champion of Sunni Islam at the Time of the Crusades (Oneworld, 2021)
* The Mosaic of Islam: A Conversation with Perry Anderson (Verso, 2016)
* The Intensification and Reorientation of Sunni Jihad Ideology in the Crusader Period (2015) with James Lindsay
* Early Islam Between Myth and History: Al-Hasan al-Basri (d. 110H/728CE) and the Formation of His Legacy in Classical Islamic Scholarship (2006)

### As editor

* Muslim Sources of the Crusader Period: An Anthology (2021) with James E. Lindsay
* Routledge Handbook on Jerusalem (Routledge, 2019) with Naomi Koltun-Fromm and Bedross Der Matossian
* In the House of Understanding: Histories in Memory of Kamal Salibi (2017) with Abdulrahim Abu-Husayn and Tarif Khalidi
* Jerusalem: Idea and Reality (2008) with Tamar Mayer
# Loile River

The Loile River (French: Rivière Loile) is a tributary of the Momboyo River in the Democratic Republic of the Congo.
The Loile forms in the Salonga National Park and flows in the generally northwest direction to its confluence with the Luilaka. The Momboya forms to the southeast of the village of Waka, Equateur, just over the border in Tshuapa, where the Luilaka River is joined from the right by the Loile River at Bakako.
# Sinak, Qazvin

Sinak (Persian: سينك, also Romanized as Sīnak and Senak) is a village in Afshariyeh Rural District, Khorramdasht District, Takestan County, Qazvin Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 419, in 100 families.
# Vytsiv

Vytsiv (Ukrainian: Виців) is a village in Ukraine, located in the Sambir Raion of the Lviv Oblast.

## Details

The population is 77 people (as of 2021). The local self-government body is the Strilky Village Council. In 2023, the village became part of the network of historical and tourist routes "BoykoMandry" ("BoykoTravel") which is being created with the support of the Ukrainian Cultural Foundation (UKF) and the Strilkivska territorial community.
# Martin Medňanský

Martin Medňanský pseudonyms Dušan Sava Pepkin, Divinkov Svedernický, Martin Divinko Svedernicý, M.M. (Hungarian: Mednyánszky Márton; 10 November 1840 – 15 November 1891) was a Slovak Catholic priest, a poet and a publicist in the Kingdom of Hungary.

## Life

Medňanský came from an old noble family from Medné. He was born on 10 November 1840 in Malá Divina (now Divinka) as the second of the eight children of his father Ľudovít and mother Jozefa née Nozdrovická. He had studied at the local village school, then at Piarist grammar schools in Trenčín and Nitra. In Trenčín, he had several Czech professors that potentially influenced his views on the Czech-Slovak question. In Nitra, he studied theology and was a member of a Slovak educational society called Slovak School. After the abolishment of the society by the church hierarchy, he continued together with other students in private studies in Slovak.
On 24 September 1864, he was ordained as a priest. His early ministry was spent in parishes in Lietava, Vysoká nad Kysucou, Bošáca and Zliechov. In 1869, he became a priest in Beckov where he spent the rest of his career. In 1891, he resigned because of illness and moved to Istebník (now a part of Trenčín) where he became known as a successful fruiterer and a vintner. He died on 15 November 1891 in Istebník.

## Work

Medňanský published his works in several Slovak journals, calendars and almanachs (Slovenské pohľady, Slovenský letopis, Slovenský kalendár, Slovenskosť, Slovenský Sion, Národnie noviny, Katolícke noviny, Obzor, Orol, Sokol, Tovaryštvo, Pútnik svätoštefanský /the editor in 1882 - 1885/). He also published works in Czech journals (Obzor, Vlast, Pozor, Posvátná kazatelna), Polish journal Ruch literacki and in the press of Slovak Americans (Jednota). He also translated from French, German, Hungarian and Polish. Although his poetry was later published in two volume work Poesie Dušana Savy Pepkina, he was more recognized as the author of prose.

## Other activities

Medňanský was a member of numerous Slovak-affiliated philanthropic and patriotic societies (Radhošť, Muzálna slovenská spoločnosť, Dedičstvo sv. Cyrila a Metoda, Spolok svätého Vojtecha). As a nobleman, he was proud of his Slovak origin and tried to demonstrate that this is not in the conflict with his privileged position. He was a co-organiser of collection for Museum in Martin, donated his library to Ľudovít Vladimír Rizner (one of founders of Slovak bibliography) and performed several similar cultural and national aware activities.
# Natural History Museum, Leipzig

The Natural History Museum in Leipzig (German: Naturkundemuseum Leipzig) is a natural history museum in the city of Leipzig, Germany, located at the northwest corner of the Inner City Ring Road. The museum contains the insect collection of Alexander Julius Reichert.
# Șintereag

Șintereag (Hungarian: Somkerék) is a commune in Bistrița-Năsăud County, Transylvania, Romania. It is composed of seven villages: Blăjenii de Jos (Alsóbalázsfalva), Blăjenii de Sus (Felsőbalázsfalva), Caila (Kajla), Cociu (Szamoskócs), Șieu-Sfântu (Sajószentandrás), Șintereag and Șintereag-Gară (Somkeréki állomás).

## Natives

* Grigore Bălan (1896–1944), Brigadier General during World War II
* Nicolae Bălan (1882–1955), metropolitan bishop of the Romanian Orthodox Church
# Mykola Hrinchenko

Mykola Volodymyrovych Hrinchenko (Ukrainian: Микола Володимирович Грінченко; born 27 February 1986) is a professional Ukrainian former football midfielder.
# Acanthobdella peledina

Acanthobdella peledina is a species of leech-like clitellate in the order Acanthobdellida. It feeds on the skin and blood of freshwater fishes in the boreal regions of northern Europe, Asia and North America.

## Taxonomy

The taxonomy of Acanthobdellida has been contentious for many years, but it is now recognized as the sister group to leeches. Acanthobdella peledina was first described by the German zoologist Adolph Eduard Grube in 1851. For a long time, it was believed to be the only species in the order, but in 1966, another species, Paracanthobdella livanowi, was described from the vicinity of the Kamchatka Peninsula in eastern Siberia.

## Description

A. peledina differs from leeches in not having a well-developed sucker at its anterior end; instead, it attaches to its host with about forty hooked chaetae (chitinous bristles) borne on its first five segments. It is in fact unique among Hirudinea in having chaetae at all, and also in having a coelom (body cavity) divided by septa into a discontinuous channel. Other ways in which it differs from other leeches are that the body is divided into 29 segments, it lacks a prostomium and a peristomium, and the nephridia do not have funnels. It has a sucker at the posterior end, and moves in a leech-like fashion by alternately extending its anterior end forward, then clinging on with its hooked chaetae while it brings its posterior sucker close to its front end. The leeches are cylindrical, olive green and about 23 mm (0.9 in) in length.

## Distribution

The species has a boreal distribution and is known from freshwater locations in northern Europe and Asia, and from Alaska.

## Ecology

One of the fish in Alaska parasitized by A. peledina is the sardine cisco (Coregonus sardinella). The worms were found just behind the pelvic fins with their anterior ends embedded in the skin and muscle tissue below.
# Zirdan Zirun

Zirdan Zirun (Persian: زيردن زيرون, also Romanized as Zīrdan Zīrūn) is a village in Jazmurian Rural District, Jazmurian District, Rudbar-e Jonubi County, Kerman Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 154, in 27 families.
# South Jasper Ranges

The South Jasper Ranges are mountain ranges of the Rocky Mountains in Alberta and British Columbia, Canada.
It is a part of the Central Main Ranges of the Canadian Rockies, located on the Continental Divide, in Jasper National Park (Alberta) and Mount Robson Provincial Park (British Columbia). It contains the Meadow-Clairvaux, Fraser-Rampart, Trident Range and, most prominently, the Cavell Group of mountains and the headwaters of the Athabasca and Fraser River.
The South Jasper Ranges covers a surface of 1,196 km$^2$ (462 mi$^2$), has a length of 39 km (from north to south) and a width of 49 km.

## Peaks and mountains

| Mountain/Peak | Elevation | Elevation | Coordinates |
| Mountain/Peak | m | ft | Coordinates |
| Mount Edith Cavell | 3,363 | 11,033 | 52°40'6"N, 118°3'25"W |
| Simon Peak | 3,322 | 10,899 | 52°39'24"N, 118°19'6"W |
| Throne Mountain | 3,120 | 10,240 | 52°39'47"N, 118°8'21"W |
| Majestic Mountain | 3,086 | 10,125 | 52°45'27"N, 118°12'56"W |
| Mount Estella | 3,069 | 10,069 | 52°46'1"N, 118°12'41"W |
| Manx Peak | 3,044 | 9,987 | 52°46'39"N, 118°11'30"W |
| Blackhorn Peak | 3,000 | 9,800 | 52°39'3"N, 118°9'4"W |
| Roche Noire | 2,920 | 9,580 | 52°48'53"N, 118°19'3"W |
| Chevron Mountain | 2,835 | 9,301 | 52°38'18"N, 118°6'50"W |
| Terminal Mountain | 2,835 | 9,301 | 52°46'42"N, 118°9'37"W |
| Lectern Peak | 2,772 | 9,094 | 52°44'42"N, 118°6'42"W |
| Peveril Peak | 2,686 | 8,812 | 52°45'24"N, 118°9'1"W |
| Muhigan Mountain | 2,626 | 8,615 | 52°49'35"N, 118°13'30"W |
| Marmot Mountain | 2,608 | 8,556 | 52°47'24"N, 118°7'36"W |
| The Whistlers | 2,470 | 8,100 | 52°49'37"N, 118°7'58"W |
| Tonquin Hill | 2,398 | 7,867 | 52°44'16"N, 118°19'40"W |
Download coordinates as:
* KML
* GPX (all coordinates)
* GPX (primary coordinates)
* GPX (secondary coordinates)
# Zrenjanin Court House

Zrenjanin Court House, also known as Palace of Justice (Serbian: Палата правде / Palata pravde, Hungarian: Igazságügyi palota) is a seat of Municipal, District and Trade Court in Zrenjanin.

## Building

The monumental Neromantical building of the District Court dates from the beginning of the 20th century. Construction works started in 1906 and were finished in 1908. It has a dominant long facade along with the Begej river bank, cupolas at the corners of the building. The central risalit at the same time represents the most thoroughly modelled part of the building.
The building was built according to the projects of two architects from Budapest, who won at the contest - Sándor Eigner and Marcus Rehmer.
The Court House represents one of the major symbols of Zrenjanin. There are several interesting objects in the close surrounding; next to it is a Protestant church, and a Small bridge in front of it. Across the river is the Trade academy.

## Trivia

Most of the workers who built the Court House were women.
# Varfolomey Zaytsev

Varfolomey Alexandrovich Zaytsev (Russian: Варфоломей Александрович Зайцев; 11 September 1842 – 20 January 1882) was a Russian literary critic, historian, journalist, and publicist. He was a leading figure of the Russian nihilist movement in literary publication of his time.

## Career

Arguably the most ardent and confrontational author of Russkoye Slovo in 1863—1865, Zaytsev propagated the 'negation of aesthetics' doctrine, panned Alexey Pisemsky's and Nikolai Leskov's anti-nihilistic novels and published critical essays which were "not dry and dour book reviews but fiery propaganda in the form of literary criticism... written with blood from open heart and juices of nerves," according to the critic and fellow Social Democrat Nikolai Shelgunov. It was Zaytsev who chose to take Saltykov-Shchedrin's remark concerning Chernyshevsky's novel What Is to Be Done as a pretext for instigating the long and bitter feud with Sovremennik which came to be known (via Dostoyevsky) as 'the break among the nihilists'.
In 1866 after Dmitry Karakozov's attempt at the life of the Tsar, Zaytsev was arrested and spent several months in the Petropavlovskaya Fortress. In 1869 he left Russia and, having veered towards the anarchists and Mikhail Bakunin in particular, launched the Italian section of the 1st International in Turin. Later in his life he veered towards the revolutionary narodniks and became friends with Georgy Plekhanov, Vera Zasulich and Sergey Stepnyak-Kravchinsky.
Zaytsev contributed to such publications as the Geneva-based Obshcheye Delo (Common Cause, where more than 80 of his articles appeared which earned him the reputation of "Russian Rochefort") and Kolokol in London, as well as Delo and Otechestvennye Zapiski back in Russia.
In the 1870s Zaytsev's main subject of interest became history; the two compilations on the ancient history (Руководство всемирной истории: древняя история Востока, 1879; Руководство всемирной истории: древняя история Запада 1882) have won him scholarly acclaim. Among the books he translated were Litteratur u. Kultur im 19 Jahrhundert by Johann Jakob Honegger, The Works by Ferdinand Lassalle (1870), Ippolito Nievo's Confessions of an Italian (1875), James Guillaume's Anarchy According to Proudhon (1874), Denis Diderot's Novels and Novellas in 2 volumes (1872). Starting with volume 3 he succeeded Nikolai Chernyshevsky as a translation editor of the World History by Friedrich Christoph Schlosser (1861—1868).
The Selected Works by V.A. Zaytsev came out in Moscow, USSR, in 1934.
# La Chapelle-Montbrandeix

La Chapelle-Montbrandeix (Occitan: La Chapéla) is a commune in the Haute-Vienne department in the Nouvelle-Aquitaine region in western France.
Inhabitants are known as Chapelauds.
# Yuriy Kryvoruchko (politician)

Yuriy Zenoviiovych Kryvoruchko (Ukrainian: Юрій Зеновійович Криворучко; born 14 July 1966) is a Ukrainian politician and activist who served as a People's Deputy of Ukraine from Ukraine's 118th electoral district (located in Lviv Oblast from 1998 to 2002, and later as a People's Deputy from the proportional list of the Our Ukraine Bloc from 2005 to 2006.

## Early life and education

Yuriy Kryvoruchko was born on 14 July 1966, in Lviv. In 1989 he graduated from the Lviv Medical Institute with a degree in psychiatry.
From 1992 to 1998 he studied at the Faculty of Law of the University of Lviv. In 2005 he obtained Candidate of Sciences degree.

## Activism

While still studying at the institute in 1988, he was elected as chairman of the faculty branch of the Ukrainian Language Society, which was engaged in advocating for teaching in the Ukrainian language.
In 1989 he took part in the creation of People's Movement of Ukraine. In 1990 he participated in the Revolution on Granite.
From 1990 to 1992 Kryvoruchko was head of the paramilitary organization "Guard of the Movement". In 1991, he took part in the January Events in Lithuania as a volunteer and organizer of humanitarian aid.
Since 1992, Kryvoruchko has been chairman of the board of the Young Ukraine Foundation.

## Political career

In 1991, together with Yaroslav Andrushkiv, Andriy Parubiy and Oleh Tyahnybok, he founded the Social National Party of Ukraine (SNPU). Yuriy Kryvoruchko was a public leader and was responsible for ideological work.
In 1992 he served as a senior officer in the Department of Psychology of the Social and Psychological Department of the Ministry of Defense of Ukraine.
From 1994 to 1997 he was serving as a member of the Lviv Oblast Council of the II democratic convocation.
In 1997 he left the SNPU without conflicts due to a different vision of its development with the leadership and joined the People's Movement of Ukraine.
Kryvoruchko was elected to the Verkhovna Rada (parliament of Ukraine) in the 1998 Ukrainian parliamentary election. He was re-elected in 2002.
From 1995 to 2009 he was a member of the National Council for Youth Policy. Since 2003 he has held the position of Deputy Chairman of the National Council of Youth Organizations of Ukraine, and since 2004 - Deputy Chairman of the Ukrainian National Committee of Youth Organizations.
He took part in the 2004 Orange Revolution. In 2006 he became the chairman of the Ukrainian Youth Forum.

## Awards

* 1999: Third Class of the Order of Merit of Ukraine
* 2008: Second Class of the Order of Merit of Ukraine
* 2020: The Medal of January 13
# Haneh Sheykhan

Haneh Sheykhan (Persian: هانه شيخان, also Romanized as Hāneh Sheykhān; also known as Hāna Shaikhān, Ḩanā Sheykhān, and Ḩanī Sheykhān) is a village in Khav and Mirabad Rural District, Khav and Mirabad District, Marivan County, Kurdistan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 108, in 22 families. The village is populated by Kurds.
# Loop of Jade

Loop of Jade is the first book of poetry by Chinese-British poet Sarah Howe, and the first debut collection to ever win the T. S. Eliot Prize, in 2015. The collection contains poems that trace the author's journey into her own roots (her dual Chinese and English ethnicity), including poems about growing up in Hong Kong and about her mother.

## Reception

A review from The Scotsman,
"In her poem Sirens, Sarah Howe writes 'I had one of those blurrings – glitch, then focus – / like a put-off optician’s trip, when you realize / how long you’ve been seeing things wrongly.' This sinuous, shimmering, mirage-like debut collection is littered with such moments of sudden realisation, and also haunted by the suspicion that there must be more to everything than meets the eye." Roger Cox, 05/03/2015
The Guardian reviewed Loop of Jade as an amazing debut collection. Saying that the poet, Sarah Howe, combines her Chinese-British heritage along with her love for writing and the outcome is something both memorable and something we aren't used to. “'The twin lids / of the black lacquer box / open away', writes Howe in 'Mother’s Jewellery Box': 'a moonlit lake / ghostly lotus leaves / unfurl in tiers // silver chains / careful o’s and a’s / in copperplate" This sets the tone early on in the poem and depending on the reader's taste can be seen as "graceful or, decorative and over-designed."
# Tahmas Gavabar

Tahmas Gavabar (Persian: طهماسگوابر, also Romanized as Ţahmās Gavābar; also known as Tamās Gavābar) is a village in Amlash-e Jonubi Rural District, in the Central District of Amlash County, Gilan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 69, in 23 families.
# Jim Pearce

Jim, Jimmy or James Pearce may refer to:

## Politicians

* James Pearce (1805–1862), American senator from Maryland
* James Pearce (South Australian politician) (1825–1904), House of Assembly and Legislative Council member
* Jim Pearce (politician) (born 1948), Australian Labor member of Queensland Legislative Assembly

## Sportsmen

* James Pearce Jr. (born 2003), American football player
* James Pearce (tackle) (before 1903–after 1922), American football player
* Jim Pearce (footballer) (before 1918–after 1947), Welsh centre-half
* Jim Pearce (baseball) (1925–2005), American pitcher
* Jimmy Pearce (born 1947), English footballer

## Others

* James Alfred Pearce (judge) (1840–1920), American jurist on Maryland Court of Appeals
* James Pearce (journalist), British presenter for BBC Sport since 2003
# Möringen railway station

Möringen (Altm) (German: Bahnhof Möringen) is a railway station located in Möringen, Germany. The station is located on the Berlin-Lehrte Railway. The train services are operated by Deutsche Bahn. The former Möringen railway station ticket office and building is owned by UK company Octary Ltd.

## Train services

The station is serves by the following service(s):
* Local services RB 35 Wolfsburg - Stendal
# Méolans-Revel

Méolans-Revel (French pronunciation:; Occitan: Meulans e Revèl) is a commune in the Alpes-de-Haute-Provence department in southeastern France.

## Incidents

On the 24 March 2015, Germanwings Flight 9525 travelling from Barcelona to Düsseldorf crashed near Méolans-Revel.