OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Du Zi

Du Zi (Chinese: 杜梓; pinyin: Dù Zǐ; born June 1955) is a retired Chinese politician who spent his entire career in north China's Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region. He was investigated by China's top anti-graft agency in April 2024. He has been retired for 6 years. Previously he served as vice chairman of the Inner Mongolia Regional People's Congress.

## Early life and education

Du was born in Togtoh County, Inner Mongolia, in June 1955. He was a sent-down youth in Helin County between April 1973 and October 1975 during the Cultural Revolution. He joined the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) in October 1974. In 1975, he enrolled at Inner Mongolia Normal University, where he majored in Chinese language and literature.

## Career

After graduation in 1978, Du taught at Inner Mongolia Mongolian Language School.
He was an editor of the Urban Edition of the Education Magazine of the CCP in March 1980, becoming deputy director in June 1984 and director in December 1989.
He was director of the Publicity Division of Publicity Department of the CCP Inner Mongolia Regional Committee in April 1991 and subsequently director of the Office in March 1996. He was appointed head of the Publicity Department of the CCP Ikzhao League Committee in May 1997 and was admitted to member of the CCP Ikzhao League Committee, the league's top authority.
He was transferred to Ordos in September 2001 and appointed deputy party secretary. In September 2006, he was named acting mayor, confirmed in January 2007. He rose to become party secretary, the top political position in the city, in November 2008. He concurrently served as chairman of the People's Congress since the following month.
He was appointed party secretary of Tongliao in February 2011 and nine months later was admitted to member of the CCP Tongliao Municipal Committee, the city's top authority.
In January 2015, he was chosen as vice chairman of the Inner Mongolia Regional People's Congress, the top legislative body of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region. He retired in January 2018.

## Downfall

On 15 April 2024, he was suspected of "serious violations of laws and regulations" by the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection (CCDI), the party's internal disciplinary body, and the National Supervisory Commission, the highest anti-corruption agency of China. Including Du Zi, five party secretaries of the Tongliao were investigated. The other four are: Mo Jiancheng, Fu Tiegang, Song Liang, and Li Jiexiang. Yun Guangzhong, his successor in Ordos, was sacked for graft in June 2019. His colleague Xing Yun, vice chairman of the Inner Mongolia Regional People's Congress from 2012 to 2016, was put under investigation in October 2018. Du has been expelled from the Communist Party on 7 October 2024.
# Web-interface

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# Pleistias of Cos

Pleistias of Cos (Ancient Greek: Πλειστίας) was a naval commander in the service of Antigonus Monophthalmus.
He is first only mentioned by Diodorus Siculus (Library of History, XX.50) during Demetrius Poliorcetes' expedition to Cyprus in 306 BC. He was the chief pilot (archikybernetes) and possibly second-in-command of the fleet. Along with Hegesippus of Halicarnassus, he led the right wing of the Antigonid fleet in the great sea-fight off Salamis against Ptolemy of Egypt. Although the Antigonid right wing was defeated by the opposite left, led by Ptolemy himself, the Antigonid left also broke through and enveloped the Ptolemaic centre, securing a major victory for the Antigonid forces.
# Madrasa Bir Lahjar

Madrasa Bir Lahjar (Arabic: مدرسة بئر الأحجار) is one of the madrasahs of the Medina of Tunis.

## Location

It is located in 40 El Pacha Street.

## History

Abu l-Hasan Ali I the Husainid Bey built four madrasas during his reign including the madrasa El Bachia in 1752 and the madrasa El Achouria in 1756. In the same year, he commanded that the Madrasa Bir Lahjar should be built.
The construction works finished a year later in 1757 after the death of the bey.
The madrasa hosted for decades Malikite students coming from different regions in the country.

## Habous

Thanks to Abu l-Hasan Ali I, the madrasa had 25 different financial resources or Habous like 5 Foundouks, 3 shops, 1 house, etc.

## Architecture

The entrance has a beautiful marble plating.
On the right of the door, the madrasa has a sabil decorated with a window and a marble plaque in which some information about the madrasa's foundation is inscribed.
It has 16 rooms for the students and a prayer room.
* The madrasa by night
* General view of the madrasa
* Entrance of the madrasa
* Bir Lahjar Street
* Facade of the Madrasa
* Commemorative plaque of the cultural center Bir Lahjar
# Lúčka, Svidník District

Lúčka (Hungarian: Tapolylucska, until 1899: Tapli-Lucska) is a village and municipality in Svidník District in the Prešov Region of north-eastern Slovakia.

## History

In historical records the village was first mentioned in 1401. V roku 2010 sa hlavná cesta opravyla.

## Geography

The municipality lies at an altitude of 200 metres and covers an area of 3.544 km$^2$. It has a population of about 531 people.
# Sultan of Sultans

Sultan of Sultans is the literal English translation of the Ottoman Turkish imperial title Sulṭānü's-Selāṭīn. As with various other laudatory titles of Semitic origin, such as "King of Kings", Sultan of Sultans can express a claim of imperial rank up to and including universal legitimate sovereignty. Although the notion and title of an emperor is largely alien to Islamic tradition, the Ottoman dynasty, which employed the title of "Sultan of Sultans" in its official full style, had perhaps the best claim to usage due to its territorial extent and great length. The Ottomans also adopted the traditional Byzantine imperial title Caesar for their own ruler (the Padishah).
The title Sultan of Sultans was used for the Delhi Sultan Altamsh (Iltutmish) in the inscription of Sultan Ghari. The title was first used by the sultan of the Delhi Sultanate in the Persian context. The sultans of the Delhi Sultanate used this title to signify their rule over North India as hundred of Indian rajas ruled under their suzerainty. But they also considered themselves beneath the caliph however they were independent.
Similarly, the sultans of Bengal also used this title. Examples of that are Rukunuddin Kaikaus and Saifuddin Hamza Shah.
The sultans of Seljuk also used this title. An example of that is Sanjar.
The Ottomans used this title quite regularly.
The Shahanshah (Persian for "King of Kings") of Iran also claimed, with slightly less legitimacy, to be the "Sultan of Sultans". An example of that is Nader Shah. These assertions were tied to the conflict between the Sunni and Shiite branches of Islam.

## Sources

References
* ↑ Transactions of the Archaeological Society of Agra. Delhi Gazette Press. 1874. pp. viii.
* 1 2 Ayalon, Ami (1987-07-16). Language and Change in the Arab Middle East: The Evolution of Modern Arabic Political Discourse. Oxford University Press. p. 38. ISBN 978-0-19-536479-8.
* ↑ Najeebabadi, Akbar Shah (2001). History of Islam (Vol 3). Darussalam. p. 342. ISBN 978-9960-892-93-1.
Bibliography
* G. W. Prothero, Stanley Leathes, Sir Adolphus William Ward, John Emerich Edward Dalberg-Acton Acton (Baron.) (1907). The Cambridge Modern History. CUP Archive. p. 95. Retrieved 20 November 2014.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
* This Ottoman Empire–related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
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# Haly Abenragel

Abū l-Ḥasan 'Alī ibn Abī l-Rijāl al-Shaybani (Arabic: أبو الحسن علي ابن أبي الرجال) (commonly known in European languages as Haly, Hali, Albohazen Haly filii Abenragel or Haly Abenragel, from ibn Rijal) was an Arab astrologer of the 10th to 11th century CE / 4th to 5th century AH best known for his Kitāb al-bāri' fī aḥkām an-nujūm.

## Life

He was a court astrologer to the Tunisian prince al-Mu'izz ibn Bâdis in the first half of the 11th century CE / 5th century AH. Haly died after 1037/428 in Kairouan in what is now Tunisia.

## Works

His Kitāb al-bāri' fī aḥkām an-nujūm was translated by Yehudā ben Moshe into Old Castilian for Alfonso X of Castile in 1254 under the title El libro conplido en los iudizios de las estrellas ("The complete book on the judgment of the stars"). The only surviving manuscript of the Old Castilian translation is MS 3065 at the National Library in Madrid, which however only contains 5 of the 8 books of the complete Old Castilian translation. An edition created in 1523, created in Venice and presented in Latin, is held in the Qatar National Library.
In 1485 at Venice a complete copy of the Old Castilian manuscript was translated into Latin and published by Erhard Ratdolt as Praeclarissimus liber completus in judiciis astrorum ("The very famous complete book on the judgment of the stars"). This printing (and later Latin versions) is commonly known as De iudiciis astrorum (or De judiciis astrorum).
His Tractatus de cometarum significationibus per xii signa zodiaci (Treatise on the Significations of Comets in the twelve Signs of the Zodiac) was printed in Nürnberg in 1563 as an addendum to Marcus Frytsch's Meteororum, hoc est, impressionum aerearum et mirabilium naturæ operum, loci ferè omnes ... Item catalogus prodigiorum atque ostentorum, tam cœlo quam in terra ... omnia ab authore recognita et locupletata. (Tractatus Albohazenhalii, filii Abenragelis, de cometarum significationibus per XII. signa Zodiaci.)

## Editions

* Kitāb al-bāri' fi akhām an-nujūm (in Latin). Venezia: Erhard Ratdolt. 1485.
# Viktor Ryzhkin

Viktor Ivanovich Ryzhkin (Russian: Виктор Иванович Рыжкин; born 26 April 1937 in Moscow) is a former ice dancer who competed for the Soviet Union. With Lyudmila Pakhomova, whom he had initially coached, he won three Soviet national titles and placed 10th at the 1966 World Championships. Their partnership ended in 1966. With his next partner Irina Grishkova, Ryzhkin finished 4th at the 1968 European Championships and 5th at the 1968 World Championships. They won gold medals at the 1967 Prague Skate and twice at the Prize of Moscow News.
After retiring from competition, Ryzhkin worked as a skating coach at CSKA Moscow.

## Results
### With Pakhomova

International :
| Event | 1964 | 1965 | 1966 |
| World Championships | | | 10th |
| European Championships | | | 7th |
| National ||||
| Soviet Championships | 1st | 1st | 1st |

### With Grishkova

International :
| Event | 1966–67 | 1967–68 |
| World Championships | 7th | 5th |
| European Championships | 8th | 4th |
| Prague Skate | 3rd | 1st |
| Prize of Moscow News | 1st | 1st |
| National |||
| Soviet Championships | 1st | 1st |
# Armenian Dance Sport Federation

The Armenian Dance Sport Federation (ADSF) (Armenian: Հայաստանի պարային սպորտի ֆեդերացիա, romanized: Hayastani parayin sporti federats’ia), also known as the Sports Dance Federation of Armenia, is the regulating body of dancesport in Armenia. The headquarters of the federation is located in Yerevan. It is led by president Georgi Babayan.

## History

The Armenian Dance Sport Federation was founded in 1996. The ADSF is a full member of the World DanceSport Federation (WDSF), DanceSport Europe, and the World Rock'n'Roll Confederation. Since 2001, the Federation has hosted numerous WDSF competitions including the 2008 East European Championships, the 2019 U21 Dance World Champions, and the 2022 European Cup. The federation trains dancers and dance couples in European and Latin dance, Armenian folk dance, modern, contemporary and hip hop dance and organizes their participation in World, European, and other regional dance competitions such as Vivat Russia!. The federation also cooperates with other dance clubs across Armenia.
The World Youth Latin American Dance Championships have been held in Armenia four times with the assistance of the ADSF. The latest Latin dance competition was held in Yerevan on 12 November 2023 and consisted of dance couples from 33 countries.
The ADSF hosted the World Rock'n'Roll Confederation's 2023 acrobatic rock and roll World Cup.
# Jarqoʻrgʻon

Jarqoʻrgʻon (Uzbek: Jarqoʻrgʻon/Жарқўрғон, Russian: Джаркурган, romanized: Dzharkurgan) is a city in Surxondaryo Region, Uzbekistan. It is the capital of Jarqoʻrgʻon District. The population was 17,687 in 1989, and 22,700 in 2016. The 12th century Jarkurgan minaret is located in the village Minor, some 5 km southwest of Jarqoʻrgʻon.

## History

The name Jarkurgan historically originated from the place located on the edge of a jar (clay pit). In the 8th to 12th centuries, Jarkurgan was known as Charmangan (Sarmangan) and mentioned in Arab-Persian geographical literature with various names. In the 8th century, it was under Arab rule, in the 10th century, it was controlled by the Ghaznavids, in the 11th century, by the Seljuks, and in the first half of the 12th century by the Ghorids of Bamyan. In the early 13th century, it came under the control of the Khwarazmshahs. During that time, Jarkurgan (Charmangan) was located in 2 parasangs (an old Persian measure of distance) to the south of Termiz. Due to its favorable geographical location, Jarkurgan has been an important agricultural center since ancient times. The name of the region comes from the name of the Surkhan (Persian-Tajik: "red") river that flows through the oasis.

## Economy

In 1929, the construction of the Y. (year) led to the rapid growth of J. city in the 1930s, driven by the opening of several oil fields. Crude oil was extracted from the vicinity of the city. There are cotton gins, construction materials factories, the "Jarqoʻrgʻon-Neft" oil company, oil rig repair workshops, a sewing factory, an automobile transport depot, fuel storage, and agricultural produce collection warehouses in the city.

## Population

| 1959 | 1970 | 1979 | 1989 | 2005 |
| 7049 | 11 558 | 13 989 | 17 687 | 20 900 |

## Notable people

Eldor Shomurodov
# Artem Semenenko

Artem Semenenko (Ukrainian: Семененко Артем Андрійович) (born 2 September 1988) is a Ukrainian former professional footballer.

## Career

Artem Semenko is a product of Metalurh Zaporizhzhia Youth school system, where he was trained by Yevheniy Bulhakov. He game his debut for the senior team on 17 June 2005, in a home match against Borysfen Boryspil.
In February 2010 Semenko moved on a free transfer to Premier League side Zorya Luhansk.
In August 2012, after two and a half years at Zorya, Semenenko joined Romanian Liga I team CSMS Iași on a one-year contract.
# Porumbeni, Harghita

Porumbeni (Hungarian: Nagygalambfalva) is a commune in Harghita County, Romania. It lies in the Székely Land, an ethno-cultural region in eastern Transylvania, and is composed of two villages, Porumbenii Mari (the commune center; Nagygalambfalva) and Porumbenii Mici (Kisgalambfalva).
Porumbenii Mari is generally referred to as Galambfalva in Hungarian and was originally called Golumba Mare in Romanian.
The commune lies on the Transylvanian Plateau, on the banks of the Târnava Mare River. It is located in the southwestern part of the county, on the border with Mureș County. The nearest city is Odorheiu Secuiesc, 17 km (11 mi) to the east on county road DJ137C; the county seat, Miercurea Ciuc, is 69 km (43 mi) away.

## Demographics

Formerly part of Mugeni commune, the two villages broke off in 2004. At the 2011 census, 99.33% of inhabitants were Székely Hungarians and 0.51% Roma.

## History

The commune has attracted interest from archaeologists, who have uncovered numerous material proofs of human settlement in the area beginning in prehistory. Dacian pottery and ceramic fragments from the Bronze Age, the Age of Migrations, and the Middle Ages have been discovered in sites along the Áj and Nagy brooks. The archaeological record proves a settlement existed during the period of the Árpáds, but the current settlement was documented only in 1332.
The villages belonged first to the Székely seat of Udvarhelyszék, then, from 1876 until 1918, to Udvarhely County in the Kingdom of Hungary. In the aftermath of World War I and the Hungarian–Romanian War of 1918–1919, the village passed under Romanian administration; after the Treaty of Trianon of 1920, like the rest of Transylvania, it became part of the Kingdom of Romania. In 1940, the Second Vienna Award granted Northern Transylvania to Hungary and the village was held by Hungary until 1944. After Soviet occupation, the Romanian administration returned and the village became officially part of Romania in March 1945. Between 1952 and 1960, it formed part of the Magyar Autonomous Region, then, of the Mureș-Magyar Autonomous Region until it was abolished in 1968. Since then, the commune has been part of Harghita County. Its economy is based on agriculture and animal husbandry, with small sectors in milling flour, baking bread, and other commercial activities.
The medieval church, today used by the village's Hungarian Reformed community, first appeared in the papal annals of 1332–1337. An originally Gothic structure with elements from subsequent periods, the church's medieval features were largely destroyed during the reconstruction of the building in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries.

## Natives

* Sándor Kányádi (1929–2018), poet and translator
# Archangelos, Kastoria

Archangelos (Greek: Αρχάγγελος, before 1955: Τσούκα – Tsouka) is an abandoned village in Kastoria Regional Unit, Macedonia, Greece. It is part of the community of Nestorio.
In 1945, Greek Foreign Minister Ioannis Politis ordered the compilation of demographic data regarding the Prefecture of Kastoria. The village Archangelos had a total of 202 inhabitants, and was populated by 180 Slavophones without a Bulgarian national consciousness.
# Motešice

Motešice (Hungarian: Motesic) is a village and municipality in Trenčín District in the Trenčín Region of north-western Slovakia.

## History

In historical records the village was first mentioned in 1208.

## Geography

The municipality lies at an altitude of 260 metres and covers an area of 17.393 km$^2$. It has a population of about 811 people.
# Champione

"Champione" is the 6th single from the Japanese band Orange Range. It was used as the theme song for the Japanese broadcast of the 2006 FIFA World Cup in Germany. The B-Side song "Walk On" was used as the ending theme song for the Japanese movie Check it out yo!. Many fans find this single to be notable because three of the band members forgot their lyrics on stage while performing it for the first time.

## Track listing

* "Champione" (チャンピオーネ)
* "Walk on"

## Charts
### Oricon chart (Japan)

| Release | Chart | Peak Position | Sales Total |
| 22 June 2005 | Oricon Weekly Singles Chart | 1 | 173,566 |
# Storfinnforsen Hydroelectric Power Station

Storfinnforsen Hydroelectric Power Station (Swedish: Storfinnforsens kraftverk) is a run-of-the-river hydroelectric power station on the Faxälven, in Västernorrland County, Sweden.
The power plant was operational in 1953 (or 1954). It is owned and operated by E.ON.

## Dam

Storfinnforsen Dam consists of a concrete buttress dam (length 800 m) with 100 buttresses and an embankment dam (length 400 m) on the left side. There are cracks in the upstream frontplate as well as in some of the supports.

## Power plant

The power plant contains 3 Francis turbine-generators. The total nameplate capacity is 112 (or 132) MW. Its average annual generation is 536 GWh. The hydraulic head is 49.5 m.
# Cao Guangjing

Cao Guangjing (Chinese: 曹广晶; born March 1964) is a Chinese business executive and politician. He was investigated by China's top anti-graft agency in February 2022. Previously he served as vice governor of Hubei. He was an alternate member of the 18th Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party.

## Biography

Cao was born in the town of Mingji [zh] Zouping County, Shandong, in March 1964. He received his bachelor's degree and master's degree from Hohai University in 1985 and 1990, respectively.
After university, he served in various posts in the Preparation Office of China Three Gorges Corporation before serving as chairman in January 2010.
In May 2014, he was promoted to become vice governor of Hubei, a position he held until February 2022.

### Downfall

On 24 February 2022, Cao has been placed under investigation for "serious violations of discipline and laws" by the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection (CCDI), the party's internal disciplinary body, and the National Supervisory Commission, the highest anti-corruption agency of China. On November 5, he was arrested for suspected bribe taking by the Supreme People's Procuratorate.
On 24 May 2024, Cao was sentenced to life in prison for bribery and leaking information plus a fine of 12 million yuan ($1.66 million). He was deprived of political rights for life and all his properties were also confiscated.
# Nadlymanske

Nadlymanske (Ukrainian: Надлиманське) is a village in Odesa Raion of Odesa Oblast in Ukraine. It belongs to Maiaky rural hromada, one of the hromadas of Ukraine. Nadlymanske is located along the northeast edge of the Dniester Estuary northwest of Ovidiopol.

## History

The first record of residents at this location is 1805. A village called Franzfeld was subsequently established there in 1808 by German immigrants to the Black Sea Region, then later part of the Russian Empire. It received its present name after the remaining German residents were driven from the area by the advancing Soviet army in 1944.
Anton Zerr, the Roman Catholic bishop of Tiraspol from 1889 to 1902, was born in Franzfeld in 1849.
Until 18 July 2020, Nadlymanske belonged to Ovidiopol Raion. The raion was abolished in July 2020 as part of the administrative reform of Ukraine, which reduced the number of raions of Odesa Oblast to seven. The area of Ovidiopol Raion was split between Odesa and Bilhorod-Dnistrovskyi Raions, with Nadlymanske being transferred to Odesa Raion.
# Țibleș Mountains

The Țibleș Mountains (Romanian: Munții Țibleș, Hungarian: Cibles or Széples) are a volcanic mountain range located in Maramureș County, in northern Romania. They belong to the Vihorlat-Gutin Area of the Inner Eastern Carpathians.
They are located at the southern border of historical Maramureș region and they cut off the Maramureș valleys from the rest of Romania. The range's highest peak is Bran Peak, at 1,840 m (6,040 ft). The closest town is Dragomirești.
# Azeia

Azeia (Ancient Greek: Ἄζεια) was a town of the ancient Troad.
It was a member of the Delian League; the inhabitants of Azeia are cited in the tribute records of Athens between the years 452/1 and 415/4 BCE. The inhabitants are supposed to be identified with the demonym Azeiotai (Ἀζειώται) mentioned by Stephanus of Byzantium, quoting a fragment of Hellanicus of Lesbos. It has also been related to the patronymic "Azida", mentioned by Homer in the Iliad.
Its site is unlocated.
# Bogucharsky Uyezd

Bogucharsky Uyezd (Russian: Богучарский уезд; Ukrainian: Богучарський повіт, romanized: Bohucharskyi povit) was one of the subdivisions of the Voronezh Governorate of the Russian Empire. It was situated in the southeastern part of the governorate. Its administrative centre was Boguchar.

## Demographics

At the time of the Russian Empire Census of 1897, Bogucharsky Uyezd had a population of 309,965. Of these, 81.8% spoke Ukrainian, 17.8% Russian, 0.2% Belarusian and 0.1% Romani as their native language.