OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Aharon Amram

Aharon Amram (Hebrew: אהרן עמרם) (born 1939) is an Israeli singer, composer, poet and researcher of Yemenite Jewish origin.

## Life and career

Amram was born in Sana'a, Yemen in 1939 to Romia and Shlomo Amram, a rabbi. In 1950 he immigrated to Israel as part of Operation Magic Carpet which was designed to bring Yemenite Jews to Israel, where he landed in the transition camp of Rosh HaAyin. Counter to the melting pot attitude of the time, Amram continued the traditional Yemenite style and pronunciation in his singing, refusing to follow his contemporaries who he understood as having been ashamed of their heritage. He was quickly singled out for his beautiful voice and started singing at weddings and events. With the encouragement of the Speaker of the Knesset Yisrael Yeshayahu he studied at the conservatory in Tel-Aviv where he was quickly faced with the choice of focusing on either classical music or Yemenite music due to the difference in singing styles. Having chosen the latter, he began to record dozens of short recordings while continuing to perform.
Subsequent to Operation On Wings of Eagles, Amram became "the first to record Yemenite music using instruments from outside its tradition," overcoming initial opposition by Israeli-Yemenite radio broadcasters who traditionally regarded authentic Yemenite music as being with nothing more than tin and didn't want to air his performances. Among the instruments he accompanied his traditional Yemenite singing with were "guitar, violin, qanoun [a kind of zither], trumpet, trombone and percussion instruments."
As Amram started getting recognition for his work, he toured in Europe in the early 1960s including a show at the Olympia in Paris and a filmed performance for the BBC in London. He was married in 1968 and had six children. Amram released many records through the 1960s and 1970s which cemented his status as a singer in Israel and within the Yemenite community and inspired many Israeli Yemenite singers such as Achinoam Nini, Ofra Haza or Zohar Argov. At this time he also wrote the song "Galbi" which was to become a worldwide hit after being sung by Ofra Haza.

## Preservation of Jewish Yemenite heritage

Amram considered Jewish Yemenite music his calling and dedicated his later years to preserving it, as well as the community's traditional religious chants and customs. He recorded all five books of the Torah along with prayers, psalms, Shabbat songs and other liturgical traditions on over 120 CDs.
# Wiedźmin (disambiguation)

The Witcher (Polish: Wiedźmin) is a fantasy series of novels by Andrzej Sapkowski, and the first story in the series (1990).
Wiedźmin may also refer to:

## Media

* The original title for The Witcher (video game), 2007
* The original title for The Hexer, a 2002 TV series based on the novels
** The original title for The Hexer, the shorter 2001 film version
** Wiedźmin (album), a 2001 music album with the music from The Hexer

## Biology

* Wiedźmin (tree), one of the largest elms in Europe, located in Poland
# Abbey of St John, Laon

The Abbey of St. John, Laon (French: Abbaye Saint-Jean de Laon) was a Benedictine monastery in Laon, France, from 1128 to 1766, which replaced a nunnery founded in 641. The prefecture of the department of Aisne now occupies the site.

## History

In 641 Saint Sadalberga, sister of Saint Leudinus Bodo, disciple of Saint Eustace, second abbot of Luxeuil, and widow of Saint Blandinus, retired to Laon, where she founded a nunnery outside the city walls, south of the town. The dedication was to Our Lady ("Notre-Dame"), the same as that of Laon Cathedral. The community grew rapidly to some 300 nuns. Sadalberga then made it a double monastery. She was herself the first abbess. The second abbess was her daughter, Saint Anstrudis.
The abbey had initially followed an adaptation of the demanding Rule of St. Columbanus but later adopted the Rule of St. Benedict. In 1128 the nuns were replaced by a community of Benedictine monks. At around the same time the dedication changed from Our Lady to Saint John the Baptist.
The abbey was partly destroyed in the wars against the Huguenots, but rebuilt in the 17th century. In 1648 it was taken over by the Maurists. The buildings were renovated from 1742. In 1766 the monastery was suppressed. The college of Laon moved into the premises in 1781.
In 1800 the prefect of the department of Aisne took the complex over and today the entire prefecture stands on the site. The physical remains of the former abbey include some buttresses built into the city wall, parts of a church portal and the 18th-century cloister. It is commemorated in the street name "Rue du Cloître Saint-Jean".
# Sheykhlar-e Sofla, East Azerbaijan

Sheykhlar-e Sofla (Persian: شيخ لرسفلي, also Romanized as Sheykhlar-e Soflá) is a village in Quri Chay-ye Gharbi Rural District, Saraju District, Maragheh County, East Azerbaijan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 88, in 16 families.
# Spiral House

The Spiral House (Hebrew: בית הספירלה, Beit HaSpirala) is an apartment complex in Ramat Gan, Israel, designed by the architect Zvi Hecker.
The complex has a form of an upward spiral; it was built by Jaakov Hai and designed by the architect Zvi Hecker in collaboration with Gil Bernstein, Shmuel Groberman, and Rina Hering. The owner is Ezra Mualem. The house "deploys the principle of terracing typical of Arab villages where the roof is used as part of the living space for the apartments".
Construction took place from 1984 to 1990. Hecker himself lived in the Dubiner house which is opposite the Spiral House. During the construction, he therefore kept an explicit control and changed the design several times during construction. The building was built in concrete, "with a facade of plaster, pink glass and stone fragments and corrugated tin."
Hecker described the building as a "miniature Tower of Babel"; Shmuel Grobstein, who participated in the design, said that it "looks like a storm passed through Ramat Gan, picking up all the wrecks from the roofs and yards, and created the spiral in one swoop."
Hecker won the Rechter Prize for architecture in 1999 for the Spiral House.
Hecker's daughter, Ella Zimmerman, lives in the Spiral House with her family.
# Saint-Amand-le-Petit

Saint-Amand-le-Petit (French pronunciation:; Occitan: Sent Amand) is a commune in the Haute-Vienne department in the Nouvelle-Aquitaine region in west-central France.
# Helen Berriman

Helen Berriman (born 13 August 1975) is a British naturist currently living in Bromley, Greater London. She works for British Naturism and H&E naturist magazine. She is known for her podcast, Women in Focus, which proclaims to be "dedicated to celebrating and empowering women through naturism". She is also credited as appearing nude on a number of television and radio shows.

## Career

Berriman originally trained as an dispensing optician and progressed to retail manager before leaving the industry in March 2021. She first appeared publicly as a naturist in the media when she featured on the cover of H&E naturist in January 2021, which also covered her story as a new naturist. She joined British Naturism as their "Women in Naturism co-ordinator" in November 2021. She appeared in various TV and radio interviews, including making headlines by appearing fully nude on Good Morning Britain in May 2023.
She was promoted within British Naturism to Women's Executive Officer in October 2023, and the following month (November 2023) she launched the "Women in Focus" podcast, a monthly show which Berriman hosts and focuses on the stories of other naturist women and body acceptance.
She is a writer and journalist and has a regular column in H&E naturist magazine. Previously she also worked as a receptionist at The Naturist Foundation.
Together with her husband, Simon Berriman, she is also one half of the Naked Retro Gamers, where they publish short videos of themselves exploring older computer and console games while nude.

## Personal life

Berriman met her husband Simon in 2015 who was already a naturist. Initially it caused friction in their relationship when she would discover him naked around their house. During the COVID-19 pandemic she was furloughed from her retail manager job and got used to the idea of Simon being naked at home. Simon got her a bikini which was "a big deal" for her at the time, and after the lockdown lifted she attended a reverse life drawing class at a naturist venue and discovered that naturism was not what she thought it was.

## Controversy

Berriman made headlines in the UK media on 30 May 2023 when she appeared totally nude on ITV1's Good Morning Britain programme shortly before 8 am. She was taking part in a discussion on whether naked sunbathing should be made illegal. The news articles from the day cite Twitter users calling her appearance 'disgraceful' and 'ridiculous'.
# Lake Eşen

Lake Eşen or Eşen Pond (Turkish: Eşen Göleti) is a lake in Turkey.
It is located at 37°12′08″N 29°01′03″E﻿ / ﻿37.20222°N 29.01750°E﻿ / 37.20222; 29.01750 between Beyağaç and Tavas ilçes (districts) of Denizli Province. Its altitude is 850 metres (2,790 ft) and its surface area is 75 hectares (190 acres). It is surrounded by red pine forests. In 1995, together with surrounding 231.5 hectares (572 acres) area it was declared a picnic area. The main fish of the lake is carp.
# Königshain Hills

The Königshain Hills (German: Königshainer Berge, Upper Sorbian: Limas) lie in Eastern Upper Lusatia west of the town of Görlitz in the county of the same name. They are located north and south of the village of Königshain after which they are named, and are an extensive, mainly wooded granite region. Their highest points are the Kämpferberge (415m above sea level) and the well-known Hochstein, 406m above sea level. The entire hill range has been a protected area since 1974. In a part (Elysium) of the former Firsten Quarry there is a bird reserve.
# Like the Ones I Used to Know

Like the Ones I Used to Know (French: Les grandes claques) is a Canadian short drama film, directed by Annie St-Pierre and released in 2021. The film stars Steve Laplante as Denis, a recently divorced father who is struggling with his emotions as he prepares to pick up his kids, including daughter Julie (Lilou Roy-Lanouette), at the home of his former in-laws on Christmas Eve.
The cast also includes Larissa Corriveau, Laurent Lemaire, Jérémy Tremblay Boudreau, Alice Charbonneau, Émir Cloutier, Catherine Dumas, Amélie Grenier, Jérémie Jacob, Mingo L'Indien, Marc Larrivée and Gilles Pilon.
The film premiered at the 2021 Sundance Film Festival.

## Awards

The film won the award for Best Canadian Short Film at the 2021 Saguenay International Short Film Festival, and the award for Best Canadian Short Film at the 2021 Festival international du cinéma francophone en Acadie.
It was named to the Toronto International Film Festival's annual year-end Canada's Top Ten list for 2021.
It was subsequently named to the initial shortlist for the Academy Award for Best Live Action Short Film for the 94th Academy Awards, but was not one of the final nominees.
The film was a Canadian Screen Award nominee for Best Live Action Short Drama at the 10th Canadian Screen Awards, and won the Prix Iris for Best Live Action Short Film at the 24th Quebec Cinema Awards.
# Chenar, Dargaz

Chenar (Persian: چنار, also Romanized as Chenār) is a village in Dorungar Rural District, Now Khandan District, Dargaz County, Razavi Khorasan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 293, in 90 families.
# Zij as-Sindhind

Zīj as-Sindhind (Arabic: زيج السندهند الكبير, Zīj as‐Sindhind al‐kabīr, lit. "Great astronomical tables of the Sindhind"; from Sanskrit siddhānta, "system" or "treatise") is a work of zij (astronomical handbook with tables used to calculate celestial positions) brought in the early 770s AD to the court of Caliph al-Mansur in Baghdad from India. Al-Mansur requested an Arabic translation of this work from the Sanskrit. The 8th-century astronomer and translator Muḥammad ibn Ibrāhīm al-Fazārī is known to have contributed to this translation. In his book Ṭabaqāt al-ʼUmam "Categories of Nations", Said al-Andalusi informs that others who worked on it include ibn Sa'd and Muhammad ibn Musa al-Khwarizmi. He adds that its meaning is al-dahr al-dahir (infinite time or cyclic time).

## Content

This is the first of many Arabic zijs based on the Indian astronomical methods known as the Sindhind. The work contains tables for the movements of the sun, the moon and the five planets known at the time. It consists of approximately 37 chapters on calendar and astronomical calculations and 116 tables with calendar, astronomical and astrological data, as well as a table of sine values.
As described by Said al-Andalusi, as-Sindhind divides time into cyclic periods of creation and destruction which are called kalpas.
# Scharfenberg Castle (Palatinate)

Scharfenberg Castle (German: Burg Scharfenberg, popularly also called Münz), is the ruin of a medieval rock castle in the Palatine Forest in the German state of Rhineland-Palatinate. It is situated above the small South Palatine town of Annweiler.

## Geography

The hill castle lies in the forest estate of the municipality of Leinsweiler at a height of 489 metres on a rocky hill with a rounded summit, typical of the Wasgau region, as the southern part of the Palatine Forest and the adjoining northern part of the Vosges is called. Scharfenberg and its sister castles, Trifels and Anebos are known as the Trifels Group and are the symbol of Annweiler, which sprawls beneath them in the valley meadows of the River Queich. In the immediate vicinity lie the sites of two other castles, the Fensterfels and the Has.

## Description

The landmark of the castle is a 20-metre-high bergfried, whose walls are made of rusticated ashlars from the Hohenstaufen era. In addition, parts of the well tower and enceinte may still be seen.

## History
### Chronicle

Scharfenberg Castle was built in the first half of the 12th century under the Hohenstaufen king, Conrad III, who died in 1152. It was initially probably used as a state gaol. After its subsequent owners, a ministeriales family, had been named Scharfenberg, it became the seat of the most important member of the family in the early 13th century, the Bishop of Speyer and Chancellor of the Holy Roman Empire, Conrad III of Scharfenberg. Since its destruction during the Peasants' War in 1525, the castle has lain in ruins.

### Popular name

Its popular name, Münz, is often thought to relate to the right of coinage (Münzrecht) which was granted to Annweiler in 1219 together with its town rights. It was suspected that the town had its coins minted at the castle. However, this would have been very inconvenient and full of risk due to the isolation of the castle and its distance from the town. Its name is more likely to be derived from the Latin word munitio, which means "fortress" or "stronghold". Many other buildings in the Palatinate bear this name without having been connected with a mint.
# Nietzsche: A Philosophical Biography

Nietzsche: A Philosophical Biography (German: Nietzsche. Biographie seines Denkens) is a biography of the German philosopher Friedrich Nietzsche, written by Rüdiger Safranski and published by Carl Hanser Verlag in 2000. It focuses on the developments and changes of Nietzsche's philosophy, with little discussion of his personal life. The final chapter is about Nietzsche's influence in the 20th century. Publishers Weekly wrote that the book "brings out contradictions and tensions in Nietzsche's thought without dismissing him".
# Lyran (disambiguation)

Lyran is a short name for the Academic Female Voice Choir Lyran (Swedish: Akademiska Damkören Lyran), a Finland-Swedish choir in Helsinki.
Lyran is also the adjectival or demonymic form of Lyra, a constellation. As such, it has been used in various fictional settings.
Lyrån is a Scandinavian surname.

## Use in fiction

* The Lyran Star Empire, a faction in the Star Fleet Universe fictional setting
* The Lyran Alliance, a faction in the BattleTech fictional setting

## People

* Hilde Lyrån, a Norwegian actress, dancer, and comedian
# Allahabad, Torbat-e Heydarieh

Allahabad (Persian: اله اباد, also Romanized as Allāhābād) is a village in Pain Velayat Rural District, in the Central District of Torbat-e Heydarieh County, Razavi Khorasan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 411, in 108 families.
# CSP Izmailovo

CSP Izmailovo (Russian: ЦСП Измайлово), formerly ShVSM Izmailovo, was a women's association football club based in Moscow, Russia. Founded in 2006, they began play in 2007 but folded in June 2014 during the Russian Women's Football Championship season.
The team was coached by Sergey Lavrentyev from February 2011 until October 2012, when he took the job as Russia women's national football team coach.
# Guo Youming

Guo Youming (Chinese: 郭有明; pinyin: Guō Yǒumíng; born December 1956) is a former Chinese politician from Hubei province. He served as the party secretary of Yichang in Hubei province between 2008 and 2011, and the vice-governor of Hubei from 2011 to 2014. In 2013, he was investigated for "serious disciplinary violations", a phrase usually denoting corruption, and subsequently expelled from the Chinese Communist Party (CCP).

## Biography

Guo was born in Suizhou, Hubei in December 1956.
Resumption of University Entrance Examination in 1977, Guo entered Wuhan University in February 1978, majoring in water conservancy engineering, where he graduated in January 1982. After graduation, he worked in Hubei as an officer.
Guo got involved in politics in January 1982 and he joined the CCP in May 1985.
In June 2000 he was promoted to become the party vice-secretary of Yichang, a position he held until February 2008. Guo served as the mayor of Yichang between July and March 2008. In February 2008, Guo was elevated to the party secretary of Yichang.
In November 2011, Guo studied at University of Toronto.
In August 2011, Guo was promoted to become the Vice-Governor of Hubei.

## Downfall

In November 2013, Guo was being investigated by the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection for "serious violations of laws and regulations". On 9 January 2014, Guo was dismissed from his position for corruption.
On 21 April 2014, Guo was expelled from the CCP; his case was handed to the Nanyang Intermediate People's Court in Henan province, where he was charged with bribery. The court found Guo guilty of taking more than 23.8 million yuan (US$3.70 million) in bribes, and sentenced him to 15 years in jail on 9 December 2015.
# Serhiy Makarov

Serhiy Makarov (Ukrainian: Сергій Макаров; born 8 June 1977 in Zhdanov, Donetsk Oblast) is a Ukrainian sports functionary and was a president of the Professional Football League of Ukraine (PFL).

## Biography

Makarov graduated from the Donetsk State Technical University in management of foreign economic activity and later information computer systems and technologies.
At least since 2009 Makarov worked for PFL, at first as a director of information and analytical center, and later since 2010 as an executive director. During that period Makarov received a certification in sports management under the programs НУФВСУ and CIES which were provided by FFU along with FIFA.
On 27 June 2014 Makarov won the presidential election of PFL becoming its fifth president. On 5 August 2020 Makarov resigned from his position.
# Stephen Zápolya

Stephen Zápolya (Hungarian: Szapolyai István; died on 23 December 1499), was Palatine of the Kingdom of Hungary between 1492 and 1499.
He married Polish princess Hedwig of Cieszyn on 11 August 1483 (his second marriage), by whom he had four children:
* János Zápolya (2 June 1487 – 22 July 1540), later King of Hungary;
* George Zápolya (ca. 1494 – 29 August 1526), killed in action at Mohács;
* Barbara Zápolya (1495 – 2 October 1515), queen consort of Poland after her marriage to Sigismund I the Old;
* Magdalena Zápolya (b. ca. 1499 – 1499), died young.
He was buried in the Zápolya family vault on the Szepes chapter house.
# Liu Jun (born 1957)

Liu Jun (Chinese: 刘君; born March 1957) is a former Chinese politician who spent most of his career in southwest China's Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region. He was investigated by China's top anti-graft agency in February 2018. Previously he served as vice chairman of the Guangxi Regional Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference and before that, chairman of the Standing Committee of Guilin Municipal People's Congress and party secretary of Guilin.
He was a representative of the 18th National Congress of the Chinese Communist Party and was a delegate to the 10th National People's Congress.

## Early life and education

Liu was born in Hengnan County, Hunan, in March 1957. During the late Cultural Revolution, he was a sent-down youth in his home-county. He joined the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) in May 1976. After resuming the college entrance examination in 1978, he was accepted to Central South Forestry College (now Central South University of Forestry and Technology), majoring in wood machining.

## Career

In January 1982, he worked in the Ministry of Forestry [zh] after university.
In November 1998, he was assigned to southwest China's Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and appointed vice mayor of Wuzhou. In September 1999, he was appointed head of Organization Department and was admitted to member of the standing committee of the CCP Yulin Municipal Committee, the city's top authority. In July 2000, he was promoted to acting mayor of Beihai, confirmed in September of that same year. He was director of the Administration for Industry and Commerce of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region in June 2004, and held that office until August 2008, when he was despatched to the capital Guilin and appointed party secretary. It would be his first job as "first-in-charge" of a city. He became vice chairman of the Guangxi Regional Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference in January 2013, and served until January 2018.

## Downfall

On 12 February 2018, he has come under investigation for "serious legal violations" by the ruling Communist Party's corruption watchdog body, the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection (CCDI). He was expelled from the Chinese Communist Party and was demoted to non leadership position at deputy division level (副处级非领导职务).
# Abramkovo, Arkhangelsk Oblast

Abramkovo (Russian: Абрамково) is a rural locality (a settlement) in Verkhnetoyemsky District, Arkhangelsk Oblast, Russia. The population was 89 as of 2010. There is 1 street.

## Geography

Abramkovo is located on the Severnaya Dvina River, 23 km south of Verkhnyaya Toyma (the district's administrative centre) by road. Yazinets is the nearest rural locality.