OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Pacific Rim

The Pacific Rim comprises the lands around the rim of the Pacific Ocean. The Pacific Basin includes the Pacific Rim and the islands in the Pacific Ocean. The Pacific Rim roughly overlaps with the geological Pacific Ring of Fire.

## List of countries on the Pacific Rim

This is a list of countries that are generally considered to be a part of the Pacific Rim, since they lie along the Pacific Ocean. Arranging from north to south, west to east in directional order.

## Commerce

The Pacific has much international shipping. The top 10 busiest container ports, with the exception of Dubai's Port of Jebel Ali (9th), are in the Rim nations. They are home to 29 of the world's 50 busiest container shipping ports:

## Organizations

Various intergovernmental and non-governmental organizations focus on the Pacific Rim, including APEC, the East-West Center, Sustainable Pacific Rim Cities, the Pacific Basin Institute, and the Institute of Asian Research. In addition, the RIMPAC naval exercises are coordinated by United States Pacific Command.
# Tsna (Tver Oblast)

The Tsna (Russian: Цна) is a river in Kuvshinovsky, Ostashkovsky, Firovsky, and Vyshnevolotsky Districts of Tver Oblast of Russia. It flows into Lake Mstino, which is drained by the Msta and belongs to the drainage basin of the Neva and the Baltic Sea. It is 160 kilometres (99 mi) long, and the area of its basin 4,140 square kilometres (1,600 sq mi). The principal tributaries of the Tsna are the Belaya (right) and the Shlina, that flows into the Vyshny Volochyok Reservoir [ru]. In 1719, the river was dammed some 10 km above its mouth, creating the Vyshny Volochyok Reservoir.
The source of the Tsna is located close to the drainage divide between Neva and Volga (Caspian Sea) drainage basins, and Tsna used to be an important trade route in the Middle Ages. The town of Vyshny Volochyok and the urban-type settlement of Velikooktyabrsky are located on the banks of the Tsna.
The source of the Tsna is located in the Valdai Hills, in Kuvshinovsky District south of the village of Konakovo. It flows south and southeast, and in the village of Mogilyovka turns north. A stretch of the Tsna forms the border between Kuvshinovsky and Ostashkovsky Districts, and a short stretch north of the first one forms the border between Kuvshinovsky and Firovsky Districts. North of this stretch, the Tsna enters Firovsky District and gradually turns northeast. Downstream of the village of Kuznetsovo, the Tsna enters Vyshnevolotsky District. Its mouth is by the village of Nikiforovo, where the Tsna joins the Vyshny Volochyok Reservoir. The natural course of the Tsna proceeds to Lake Mstino, which is connected with the reservoir by a canal, however, currently the Vyshny Volochyok Reservoir regulates the discharge between the drainage basins of the Volga (via the Tvertsa) and the Neva (via the Msta, which flows out of Lake Mstino).
The drainage basin of the Tsna includes the western part of Vyshnevolotsky District, the southern part of Firovsky District, and the northwestern part of Kuvshinovsky District, as well as minor areas in the east of Ostashkovsky District.
Historically, the Tsna was one of the most important waterways in medieval Russia, providing a connection from the Baltic Sea basin into the Caspian Sea basin via the Tvertsa. In the beginning of the 18th century the portage located in Vyshny Volochyok was replaced by a system of canals, Vyshny Volochyok Waterway.
# Pierre Nepveu

Pierre Nepveu CM OQ (born 16 September 1946 in Montreal, Quebec) is a French Canadian poet, novelist and essayist. As a scholar, he specializes in modern Quebec poetry, in particular the work of Gaston Miron. He taught at the French Studies Department of Université de Montréal from 1979 until his retirement in 2009.

## Awards and recognition

* 1979: non-fiction finalist, Governor General's Awards, Les mots à l'écoute
* 1986: fiction finalist, Governor General's Awards, L'hiver de Mira Christophe
* 1997: poetry winner, Governor General's Awards, Romans-fleuves
* 1998: nonfiction winner, Governor General's Awards, Intérieurs du Nouveau Monde : Essais sur les littératures du Québec et des Amériques
* 2003: poetry winner, Governor General's Awards, Lignes aériennes
* 2005: winner, Prix Athanase-David
* 2011: Member of the Order of Canada
* 2018: Officer of the National Order of Quebec
# Oleksandr Korpan

Oleksandr Bohdanovych Korpan (Ukrainian: Олександр Богданович Корпан; 8 September 1994 – 2 March 2022) was a Ukrainian military pilot (captain) of the Ukrainian Air Force of the Armed Forces of Ukraine, participant in the Russo-Ukrainian war, the best strike aircraft pilot in 2021. He is Hero of Ukraine (2022).

## Biography

Korpan was born in Starokostiantyniv, Khmelnytskyi Oblast.
He graduated from music school and Kharkiv Military University [uk].
He served in the 299th Tactical Aviation Brigade named after General Vasily Nikoforov as commander of the aviation squadron of this brigade.
Korpan died on 2 March 2022 during a combat flight in the airspace over Starokostiantyniv.
He was buried on 7 March 2022 at the cemetery in Halych, Ternopil Oblast.

## Awards

* the title of Hero of Ukraine with the award of the Order of the Golden Star (2022, posthumously) — for personal courage and heroism shown in the defense of the state sovereignty and territorial integrity of Ukraine, loyalty to the military oath.
* commemorative badge of the Commander of the Air Force of the Armed Forces of Ukraine "Martial kill, honor, courage" (2016)
* honorary badge of the Commander-in-Chief of the Armed Forces of Ukraine "For achievements in military service".
* 10 Years of Conscientious Service medal
# Tasino

Tasino (Russian: Тасино) is a rural locality (a settlement) in Posyolok Urshelsky, Gus-Khrustalny District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 15 as of 2010. There are 5 streets.

## Geography

Tasino is located 43 km southwest of Gus-Khrustalny (the district's administrative centre) by road. Izbishchi is the nearest rural locality.
# Dehnow-e Ansari

Dehnow-e Ansari (Persian: دهنوانصاري, also Romanized as Dehnow-e Ānṣārī; also known as Dehnow-e Sardegal) is a village in Fahraj Rural District, in the Central District of Fahraj County, Kerman Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 300, in 75 families.
# Michael I, 2nd Prince Esterházy of Galántha

Michael I, 2nd Prince Esterházy of Galántha (Hungarian: Mihály, Esterházy galánthai herceg) (4 May 1671 – 24 March 1721) was the second Prince Esterházy of Galántha. He succeeded his father, Paul I and was prince from 1713 to 1721. He was the imperial royal chamberlain and adviser for the Habsburg family.

## Life

Prince Michael Esterházy was the twelfth son of Paul I, Prince Esterházy and Countess Orsolya Esterházy of Galanthá.
Michael was politically insignificant. He protected the family's patronage and had a hunting lodge built in Fertőd, which was expanded over 50 years later under Prince Nicholas I of Esterházy to become Esterházy Castle (Fertőd), one of the most representative castle complexes in Hungary.
On May 24, 1694, he married Biandrata Anna Margherita (1673-1755) in Vienna.
Prince Michael died in Vienna in 1721. He is buried in the family crypt in the Franciscan monastery in Eisenstadt. He died without a male heir, so his half-brother Joseph became the next head of the family.
In Vienna , when he was a student, he published his dissertation: Regula regum amor et timor sive Ladislaus rex Hungariae... Dicata 27. Jun. 1688. Deferente Gabr. Hevenesi Soc. I. Viennae.
# Shevchenkivskyi District, Zaporizhzhia

The Shevchenkivskyi District (Ukrainian: Шевченківський район, Shevchenkivsʹkyi raion) is one of seven administrative urban districts (raions) of the city of Zaporizhzhia, located in southern Ukraine. Its population was 157,000 in the 2001 Ukrainian Census.

## Geography

The largest of Zaporizhzhia's seven urban districts, the district has an area of 98.0 square kilometres (37.8 sq mi), making up approximately 29.3% of the total administrative area of Zaporizhzhia. The district is located fully on the left (east) side of the Dnieper river.

## History

The district was founded in 1962 by separating it from Zhovtnevyi District (since 2016 Oleksandrivskyi District). Following the passage of decommunization laws, in 2016, numerous streets within the district were renamed to replace their Soviet-era names. Some of the new street names include Sikorskyi St., Mykola Kytsenko St., Leonid Prynia St., Maksym Kryvonos St., Bohdan Zavada St., Malv St., and Vasyl Didenko St..

## Neighborhoods

* 1st Shevchenkivskyi mikrorayon
* 2nd Shevchenkivskyi mikrorayon
* 3rd Shevchenkivskyi mikrorayon
* Budivelnyk
* Viyskbud
* DD
* Dymytrova
* Zelenyi Yar
* Kalantyrivka
* Levanevskoho
* Teplychne, Zaporizhzhia

## Gallery

* The district in the winter
* Bohuslayev's Technics Museum
* Saint Andrew's Cathedral (Russian Orthodox Church)
* District in summer
* District on a summers evening after rain
# Horozhanka Castle

Horozhanka Castle (Ukrainian: Горожанківський замок) is a defensive castle built in Horozhanka, Ternopil Oblast, Ukraine. Built in the 16th century by the Makowiecki family of Pomian coat of arms.

## Location, history

The stronghold was located on the western bank of the Horozhanka River, which is a tributary of the Dniester. The castle was destroyed during many wars and invasions, after which it was always put up again.

## Architecture

Coarsely hewn stone was used to build the castle. The stronghold, built on a rectangular plan, consisted of a residential building with towers at the corners, which was surrounded by a sizable rampart and moat. The building was accessed by a hallway passing into a corridor. From the corridor one could access a couple of rooms. The entrance to the castle led over a drawbridge. Under the residential building there were cellars with an escape tunnel to the forest 5 km long. In subsequent years, the entrance to the tunnel was walled up. In the 19th century, the medieval drawbridge was dismantled, the earthen ramparts were leveled and the moats were filled in.

## Court

Over the centuries, the fortress turned into a ruin, on the remains of which a mansion was built. A second storey made of brick and wood was added to the old storey made of hewn stone. The remnants of the towers were converted into bastion rooms and the whole was covered with a hipped roof. The first floor of the centuries-old castle and the Gothic cellars became the decoration of the newly built mansion. At the beginning of the 19th century, the estate belonged to the Chojecki family, and then to Stanisław Malinowski from 1850, of the Ślepowron coat of arms, who had three daughters. Horozhanka fell to Joanna, who married Ignacy Romanowski h. Bożawola. In 1912 the estate was inherited by her son, Aleksander Romanowski, who died in Tehran in 1942.
# Al-Qawalish

31°57′37″N 12°45′35″E﻿ / ﻿31.96028°N 12.75972°E﻿ / 31.96028; 12.75972
Al-Qawalish (Arabic: القواليش. also spelled Gwalish or Qwalish) is a village in the Nafusa Mountains of Libya, located about 113 kilometres (70 mi) southwest of Libya's capital Tripoli. Al-Qawalish is divided into two parts: west Al-Qawalish and east Al-Qawalish, separated by a canyon and is home to approximately 7,000 people.

## Libyan civil war battle

Al-Qawalish was captured by Libyan rebels on 7 July 2011 during the Nafusa Mountains campaign of the Libyan civil war. Nine rebels were killed in the six-hour battle, with no information on casualties from the pro-Gaddafi forces.
Previously between 30 June and 3 July, rebels attempted to advance from Kikla toward the town of al-Qawalish. If they took the town the road would be open to Gharyan. However, the rebels were unable to move forward and nine opposition fighters were killed and dozens wounded. During the battle, loyalist snipers took positions on a water tower between al-Qawalish and rebel positions, just a few hundred meters away, at Kikla.
On 6 July, rebels launched an attack on al-Qawalish with hundreds of fighters. They did so after NATO aircraft intensified bombing of the area and finally gave rebels the green light to advance. After several hours rebel fighters advanced a couple of kilometers towards al-Qawalish. Al-Qawalish was finally captured after six hours of fighting. One rebel fighter was reportedly killed and five wounded during the opposition offensive. It was unclear how many government soldiers were killed.
On 13 July, loyalist forces attacked al-Qawalish again, and this time the rebels retreated. Some of them claimed the reason being for the pull-back that they ran out of ammunition. Government troops started the attack after a group of rebels attempted to advance east of the town toward Gharyan. The loyalists quickly swept through Qawalish from the east and reached as far as the checkpoint on the western edge of the village. Still, by the evening, the rebels counter-attacked and after a five-hour battle they retook the town and chased loyalist forces to the outskirts of Asabah. During the fighting, two rebels were killed and 17 wounded.
# Warraq

Warraq (Arabic: ورّاق) is the Arabic word for stationer or papermaker. Meanings in traditional and Islamic contexts include scribe, publisher, printer, notary and book-copier. Ibn Warraq is a pseudonym that has traditionally been adopted by dissident authors throughout the history of Islam.
* This Islam-related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
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# Duke of York (disambiguation)

The Duke of York is a title of nobility in the peerage of the United Kingdom.
Duke of York may also refer to:

## Places
### Antarctica

* Duke of York Island (Antarctica)

### Canada

* Duke of York Archipelago
* Duke of York Bay

### Papua New Guinea

* Duke of York Islands
** Duke of York Island, Papua New Guinea
** Duke of York Rural LLG

## Inns and pubs

* Duke of York, Bloomsbury, England
* Duke of York Inn, Elton, England
* The Duke of York, Fitzrovia, England
* Duke of York, Ganwick Corner, England
* The Duke of York, Gate Helmsley, North Yorkshire, England
* Duke of York, Leysters, England
* Duke of York Inn, Toronto, Canada

## Schools

* Duke of York's Royal Military School, Dover, Kent, United Kingdom
* Duke of York School, Nairobi, Kenya, renamed Lenana School after Kenya attained independence in 1963

## Other

* Duke of York, an 1897 GWR 3031 Class locomotive built for the British Great Western Railway
* Duke of York (ship) the name of numerous ships
* Portrait of Prince Frederick, Duke of York, 1816 painting by Thomas Lawrence
# George Musulin

George "Guv" S. Musulin (April 9, 1914 – February 23, 1987) was a Serbian-American army officer of the Office of Strategic Services (OSS) who in 1950 became a CIA operative.

## Early life

George Musulin was born into a Serbian family in New York City and grew up in Johnstown, Pennsylvania. He graduated from the University of Pittsburgh, where he played with the university's football team during their national championship year of 1937. After college he played professional American football in Pittsburgh, St. Louis and Chicago.

## Second World War

Musulin became a captain in the OSS during the Second World War. In mid-October 1943, Musulin, as part of a U.S. military mission, parachuted into Yugoslavia to the headquarters of General Draža Mihailović. In January 1944, Musulin was a delegate on the Ba Congress organized by Mihailović.
On 29 May 1944, Musulin, aided by Chetniks, was evacuated along with the British and American mission and 40 rescued Allied airmen to Bari, leaving General Mihailović without support. In Bari, Musulin proposed another rescue of American airmen shot down over Yugoslavia. He again parachuted into Chetnik territory, near the village of Pranjani, where there were several hundred American airmen rescued by Chetnik forces and hidden from the Germans. Musulin successfully commanded the airlift Operation Halyard, the rescue from the air of about 447 U.S. airmen from Nazi-occupied Yugoslavia, from 10 to 29 August 1944. Although this operation was successful due to cooperation from General Mihailović, Musulin had been ordered not to give the Chetniks political promises, an order he violated when he allowed members of General Mihailović's political mission to board the plane. At this time the British were the main Allied authority in the Mediterranean, and their Special Operations Executive (SOE) complained to Musulin's superiors in the OSS, who decided to expel him from the service. In late 1944 Musulin was transferred to the Far East as part of the naval intelligence service, where he stayed until the end of the war.

## Post-war years

After the war, the CIA conducted its own investigation into Musulin, which concluded that he had acted appropriately and that he had been the victim of James Klugmann and other British agents in the SOE with communist sympathies. For his efforts, Musulin was awarded the Legion of Merit.
Musulin enlisted in the Office of Naval Intelligence and joined the Central Intelligence Agency in 1950, where he remained until he retired in 1974. Musulin continued to serve as a field operations officer. He was part of a team that was responsible for recruiting and training Cuban exiles to fight against the regime of Fidel Castro. He was disappointed with the failure of the Bay of Pigs Invasion and the loss of human life.
Musulin died of complications of diabetes at the age of 72.
# Vitaliy Mykhaylovskiy

Vitaliy Mykhaylovskiy (Ukrainian: Віталій Миколайович Михайловський, romanized: Vitalii Mykolaiovych Mykhailovskyi; born 10 November 1974) is a Ukrainian historian. He earned a Doctor of Historical Science degree in 2013 and became a professor in 2016.

## Biography

Vitaliy Mykhaylovskiy was born on 10 November 1974 in Kamianets-Podilskyi, Khmelnytskyi Oblast.
In 1997, he graduated from the Kamianets-Podilskyi Pedagogical Institute. A student of Professor Natalia Yakovenko.
Between 1998 and 2005, Mykhaylovskiy worked at the Association of Ukrainian Writers. From 2005 to 2008, he was employed at Kyiv Slavonic University. Between 2008 and 2010, he worked at the National University of Kyiv-Mohyla Academy. Since 2010, he has been at the Borys Grinchenko Kyiv Metropolitan University, where he became department chair in 2015 and professor of the Department of History of Ukraine in 2016.
Mykhaylovskiy discovered the earliest written mention of Khmelnytskyi in the Central Archives of Historical Records: Ploskyrivtsi, which became the present-day Khmelnytskyi, was granted to Jan Czanstulowski by Polish King Władysław II Jagiełło in the Sopot on 10 February 1431 for one hundred hryvnias. According to Mykhaylovskiy, “This discovery happened quite unexpectedly. A layer of documents of that time was simply lifted".

## Works

Mykhaylovskiy's research focuses on the social history of the Ruthenian lands from the late 14th to the 17th centuries, the history of Podillia, parliamentarism in Ukrainian lands from the 14th to the 17th centuries, and the historical geography of Podillia in the 14th to 16th centuries.
Mykhaylovskiy has authored several monographs. These include "Elastychna spilnota. Podilska shliakhta v druhii polovyni XIV — 70-kh rokakh XVI st." (2012), "Prykladom svoikh predkiv... (Vstup) // 'Prykladom svoikh predkiv...'. Istoriia parlamentaryzmu na ukrainskykh zemliakh u 1386–1648 rokakh: Polske korolivstvo ta Rich Pospolyta" (2018, co-authored and edited by Mykhaylovskiy), "Bibliohrafiia parlamentaryzmu na ukrainskykh zemliakh do 1648 roku: Polske korolivstvi, Velyke kniazivstvo Lytovske, Rich Pospolyta" (2018), and "European Expansion and the Contested Borderlands of Late Medieval Podillya, Ukraine" (2019).
His other works include "Istoriia, mova, heohrafiia: toponimy seredniovichnoho Podillia" (2021), "Nashi koroli – reges nostri. Volodari ta dynastii v istorii Ukrainy (1340–1795)" (2023), "Reges nostri Władcy i dynastie w historii Ukrainy (1340–1795)" (2024), and "Reges nostri. Our Kings. Monarchs and dynasties in the history of Ukraine (1340–1795)" (2024).
# Amirabad-e Kord

Amirabad-e Kord (Persian: اميرابادكرد, also Romanized as Amīrābād-e Kord; also known as Amīrābād, Amīrābād-e ‘Alīqolī, and Amrābād Kurd) is a village in Jeyhun Dasht Rural District, Shara District, Hamadan County, Hamadan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 332, in 80 families.
# Najm al-Din Mahmud ibn Ilyas al-Shirazi

Najm al-Din Mahmud ibn Ilyas al-Shirazi (Persian: نجم‌الدین محمود بن الیاس شیرازی, died 1330) was a Persian physician from Shiraz in Persia.
His major composition was a large Arabic medical compendium, Kitab al-Hawi fi ‘ilm al-tadawi (The Comprehensive Book on the Art of Curing), whose title often caused confusion with the better-known Kitab al-Hawi (The Comprehensive Book) written four centuries earlier by Rhazes. The treatise cites by name many earlier medical authorities, including Hippocrates and Galen, as well as Arabic writers. Little else is known of his life.
# Aliabad-e Alanchag

Aliabad-e Alanchag (Persian: علي ابادالنچگ, also Romanized as ‘Alīābād-e Ālanchag; also known as ‘Alīābād) is a village in Miankuh Rural District, Chapeshlu District, Dargaz County, Razavi Khorasan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 68, in 17 families.
# Baqerabad, Rud Ab

Baqerabad (Persian: باقراباد, also Romanized as Bāqerābād) is a village in Rud Ab-e Sharqi Rural District, Rud Ab District, Narmashir County, Kerman Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, the population was 219, in 45 families.
# Allahiabad

Allahiabad (Persian: الهي اباد, also Romanized as Allahīābād) is a village in Holunchekan Rural District in the Central District of Qasr-e Qand County, Sistan and Baluchestan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 105, in 19 families.