OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Marie-Ange Somdah

Marie-Ange Somdah (born October 19, 1959) is a Burkinabe poet and writer based in Boston. He is also known for his works in international development with organizations such as IFESH.

## Life

Born in Burkina Faso, Marie-Ange Somdah grew up in a family of eight children. When he was in primary school years, he started drawing with his young brother. During his middle school years in the seminary of Nasso in Bobo-Dioulasso, his passion for reading brought him to writing through songs. His skills of observation continued sharpening during his high school years at Lycée Newton of Ouagadougou. Understanding the importance of reading, observation, and imagination set Marie-Ange towards a future of writing he felt during his undergraduate years at the University of Ouagadougou in Burkina Faso. Moving to study in France will give him the opportunity to set the stage for a career in writing. While studying at the University of Franche-Comté, he helped run a local magazine, Couleur Locale, in Besançon, in the North-East of France. Some of his early works were published in Couleur Locale. His first book, Demain sera beau, came out shortly before the defence of his Ph.D. thesis.
Marie-Ange Somdah holds a Ph.D. in French, African, and Comparative Literatures from University de Franche-Comté. He is also an alumnus of Boston University School of Education. Marie-Ange is a bilingual writer using both French and English as medium for his numerous published works of fiction and research. Somdah has also made significant contributions in the academic world, Ecritures du Burkina Faso (Harmattan, 2003)).

## Achievements

Somdah twice won the IFESH TFA award in 1998 and 2007 for his volunteering works in Benin and Djibouti. He is currently the Country Representative of IFESH in Djibouti. IFESH is an American INGO working in Africa on various Education programmes.
To help the younger generation sharpen its writing skills, Somdah has run various creative workshops. In 2010, he published Pen & Dreams from My Students, a collection of poetry works from three of his students, through his own publishing company, part of an effort to trigger emulation among his students at the University of Djibouti. Somdah is also a member of various academic organizations in the USA such as MLA, CIEF, ALA, ASA.

## Works

His creative works include:
* Le Nombril de la terre (L’Harmattan, 1994),
* Seeds and Deep Seasons (Mellen Press, 1997),
* Un Soleil de Plomb (Harmattan, 2003),
* Hotel La Desirade & autres récits (Le Manuscrit, 2005)
* Libertés, chocolat et Cie (Le Manuscrit, 2005),
* Un long fleuve (Le Manuscrit, 2005)),
* Images de vie (Le Manuscrit, 2005)),
* Rêves de savane (Yaniyo ! Books, 2002).
* Pen & Dreams from My Students (Yaniyo ! Books, 2013)
* Te Amo (Yaniyo ! Books, 2013)
# The Way We Talk Now

The Way We Talk Now: Commentaries on Language and Culture from NPR's Fresh Air is a collection of essays by Geoffrey Nunberg about the effect of language on contemporary culture. Most of the essays are based on segments from the NPR radio program Fresh Air. The title is based on The Way We Live Now. Nunberg looks at modern culture through the lens of language, using his expertise as a linguist to highlight the subtle ways in which language influences society. The essays are organized by subject.

## Sections
### The Passing Scene

In this section Nunberg focuses on language as a sign of generational change. Beginning with a personal anecdote of his struggles with his wife to find an appropriate name for their new baby daughter, he goes on to discuss a variety of topics, such as the increasing influence of conversational tics like "you know", the legacy of Yiddish words in American English, the question of personal favorite words, the effect that television shows have on the language, and the use of wordplay in country music.

### Word Histories

Nunberg examines how the meaning of particular words has changed, indicating shifts in societal values. He talks about how slang comes from a different sector of society than it once did, how words with obscure origins mysteriously become obsolete, how the word suburb has signified different social conditions through the ages, how portmanteau words have been on the increase in modern times, and how sarcasm has gradually displaced irony.

### Politics of the English Language

Nunberg discusses how people's choice of words reflects recent political history, examining the difference between force and violence, the use of -i as a suffix for Middle Eastern countries, the phrase political correctness, the Ebonics controversy, and the debate over the word "Jew".

### The Two R's

Nunberg examines the issue of traditional grammar vs. shifting usages, taking a relatively liberal perspective on English as an evolving tongue. He talks about the anachronistic nature of spelling bees; the problems in how parts of speech are traditionally taught; the curious survival of the split infinitive rule; the pros and cons of English speakers' tendency to turn nouns into verbs; and the ambiguous meaning of the word "literacy".

### Technical Terms

Nunberg examines the shifting language of technology, such as words like "virtual" and "hacker", and he discusses other technology language issues such as computer grammar checkers and emoticons.

### Business Talk

Nunberg discusses the language of the business world, including the synonyms for firing, brand names, and the use of the word "issue" as a euphemism for "problem".

### Valediction

The final section contains a whimsical poem reflecting on the issues discussed in the book.
# HTTP Flood

HTTP Flood is a type of Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attack in which the attacker manipulates HTTP and POST unwanted requests in order to attack a web server or application. These attacks often use interconnected computers that have been taken over with the aid of malware such as Trojan Horses. Instead of using malformed packets, spoofing and reflection techniques, HTTP floods require less bandwidth to attack the targeted sites or servers than layer-4 attacks.

## Attack description

In an HTTP flood, the HTTP clients such as web browser interact with an application or server to send HTTP requests. The request can be either “GET” or “POST”. The aim of the attack is when to compel the server to allocate as many resources as possible to serving the attack, thus denying legitimate users access to the server's resources. Attackers inject legitimate looking, but randomised HTTP headers in an attempt to avoid detection, and make make use of proxies to hide their source IP address.

### GET flood

The GET request is used to retrieve static content like images, scripts and style sheets. The request may simply fetch the root or specifically target large assets. The requests do not typically require authentication, cannot evade Captchas and induce relatively low load on the server per request.

### POST flood

An HTTP POST flood (or simply POST flood) is a denial of service attack that uses POST requests, which are part of the Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP). As of late 2013, POST floods were increasingly being launched from mobile devices.
POST requests are more likely to require the server to perform some kind of processing, such as looking up items in a database. Therefore, HTTP POST flood attacks typically impose higher load on the server per request.

## Methods of mitigation

As HTTP flood attacks use standard URL requests hence it is quite challenging to differentiate from valid layer-4 network traffic. One of the most effective mitigation methods is the combination of traffic profiling methods that mainly includes identification of IP reputation, tracking abnormal actions and employing progressive sanctuary challenges.
# Semichi Islands

The Semichi Islands (Samiyan in Aleut; Russian: Семичи) are a cluster of small islands in the Near Islands group of the Aleutian Islands, Alaska. They are located southeast of Attu Island and northeast of Agattu Island, near 52°44′06″N 173°59′28″E﻿ / ﻿52.73500°N 173.99111°E﻿ / 52.73500; 173.99111. Named islands in the group include Alaid Island, Hammerhead Island, Lotus Island, Nizki Island, and Shemya.
The Semichi Islands are an important nesting area for red-faced cormorants and glaucous-winged gulls. They also provides important habitat for waterfowl: The Aleutian subspecies of cackling goose nests on the islands in significant numbers, and common eider and emperor goose winter in the area. Black oystercatchers are also found in significant numbers.
# Cham-e Chameh

Cham-e Chameh (Persian: چم چمه) is a village in Helilan Rural District, Helilan District, Chardavol County, Ilam Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 20, in 5 families. The village is populated by Kurds.
# Andrés Boiarsky

Andrés Boiarsky (born October 9, 1957) is an Argentine alto and tenor saxophonist. He is known for his work as a jazz musician and his contributions to the film Man Facing Southeast (1986).

## Biography

Boairsky was born in Buenos Aires in 1957. A 1972 concert by the Duke Ellington Orchestra in Buenos Aires, and a later appearance by trumpeter Dizzy Gillespie, inspired Boiarsky to become a jazz musician. He took part in the local revivalist jazz scene of the mid-1970s as a clarinetist, and subsequently played the alto and tenor saxophones. He was admitted into the National Conservatory of Music, where he was trained in classical music, and in 1978, enrolled in the Royal College of Music in London.
He recorded a solo album for Spotlight Records, and after forming a group, performed in a number of BBC programs. He returned to Argentina in 1982, and following two solo albums for CBS Records, he composed and performed incidental music for the Argentine science fiction film, Man Facing Southeast, in 1986. He later toured Latin America with latin jazz bandleader Paquito D'Rivera and composer Carlos Franzetti, and with their support, relocated to New York City in 1988. Boiarsky joined Lionel Hampton's Orchestra, and in 1989, was named music director by the renowned vibraphonist. He was reunited with Paquito D'Rivera as a member of his United Nations Orchestra in 1993, where he performed until 1998.
Boiarsky recorded his first U.S. album, Into the Light, for Reservoir Records in 1996. He took part in the commemorative album, Dizzy's 80th Birthday, alongside Jon Faddis and Cyrus Chestnut, among others, in 1997, and was inducted into Slide Hampton's Dizzy Gillespie Alumni All Stars. He later collaborated with Jimmy Heath, Nancy Wilson, Al Di Meola, and Claudio Roditi, with whom he worked on a number of samba-jazz fusion recordings. A performance with Japanese pianist Tomoko Ohno in 2004 led to a partnership, through which they recorded Shadows of Spring for MDR Records in 2005 and Tomoko in Buenos Aires, the following year.
His performances have included numerous appearances at the White Nights Jazz Festival in St. Petersburg, and at the CJW Jazz Lounge in Shanghai, where he had relocated by 2008. Boiarsky also taught extensively in his discipline, leading clinics at the University of Idaho and George Mason University, as well as in Argentina.
# Kari Kola, Savadkuh

Kari Kola (Persian: كريكلا, also Romanized as Karī Kolā) is a village in Valupey Rural District, in the Central District of Savadkuh County, Mazandaran Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 83, in 23 families.
# Rue des Grands-Augustins

The Rue des Grands-Augustins is a street in Saint-Germain-des-Prés in the 6th arrondissement of Paris, France.

## Access

| ___ | Located near the Métro station: Odéon. |
| ___ | Located near the Métro station: Saint-Michel. |

## Notable residents

* Pablo Picasso, from 1937 to 1948
* This Parisian road or road transport-related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
# Maya Sazonova

Maya Fyodorovna Sozonova (Russian: Майя Фёдоровна Созонова; born May 28, 1965, in Almaty) is a retired female race walker from Kazakhstan. She competed for Kazakhstan in the 1996 and 2000 Summer Olympics.

## Achievements

| Year | Competition | Venue | Position | Event | Notes |
| Representing Kazakhstan ||||||
| 1995 | World Championships | Gothenburg, Sweden | 28th | 10 km | 45:13 |
| 1996 | Olympic Games | Atlanta, United States | 35th | 10 km | 47:33 |
| 1997 | World Championships | Athens, Greece | — | 10 km | DSQ |
| 1999 | World Race Walking Cup | Mézidon-Canon, France | 22nd | 10 km | 1:32:29 |
| 1999 | World Championships | Seville, Spain | 8th | 20 km | 1:32:19 |
| 2000 | Olympic Games | Sydney, Australia | — | 20 km | DNF |
| 2001 | East Asian Games | Osaka, Japan | 2nd | 20 km | 1:32:31 |
| 2001 | World Championships | Edmonton, Canada | — | 20 km | DSQ |
| 2002 | World Race Walking Cup | Turin, Italy | 32nd | 10 km | 1:36:35 |
# Zarandin-e Sofla

Zarandin-e Sofla (Persian: زرندين سفلي) is a village in, and the capital of, Peyrajeh Rural District of the Central District of Neka County, Mazandaran province, Iran.

## Demographics
### Population

At the time of the 2006 National Census, the village's population was 2,166 in 572 households. The following census in 2011 counted 2,558 people in 753 households. The 2016 census measured the population of the village as 2,291 people in 761 households.
# Valery Bespalov

Valery Alekseyevich Bespalov (Russian: Валерий Алексеевич Беспалов; Ukrainian: Валерій Олексійович Беспалов, romanized: Valerii Oleksiiovych Bespalov; born 21 September 1957) is an engineer who worked at the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant. After the Chernobyl disaster, he was one of the three men in the "suicide squad" team to drain the steam suppression pools under the fourth reactor building. In 2019 he was awarded the title Hero of Ukraine.
Despite media reports claiming the three men died of radiation poisoning shortly after the incident, he remains alive in Kyiv as of 2019.

## In media

Bespalov was portrayed by Philip Barantini in the Sky/HBO miniseries Chernobyl (2019).
# RAF Melbourne

Royal Air Force Melbourne or more simply RAF Melbourne is a former Royal Air Force station located near Melbourne, East Riding of Yorkshire, England.

## History

East Common just outside the village of Seaton Ross was requisitioned for use as a grass airfield in November 1940. In late 1940 the airfield was used by Armstrong Whitworth Whitleys of 10 Squadron as a relief landing ground for RAF Leeming. The airfield soon closed for re-development as a standard RAF Bomber Command airfield with three concrete runways and three hangars.
The first user of the re-built airfield was again 10 Squadron but by this time operating the Handley Page Halifax four-engined heavy bomber, little time was wasted before the aircraft were used on operational sorties from Melbourne. The squadron continued with operation until March 1945 and lost 109 aircraft on operations.
Melbourne was one of seventeen sites equipped with FIDO fog dispersant system. This made the airfield a popular diversion for other squadrons returning from operations to Yorkshire in extreme bad weather conditions.
In May 1945 the airfield was transferred to RAF Transport Command and 575 Squadron moved in with the Douglas Dakota. The squadron only stayed for a few months operating transport flight to and from continental Europe. With the departure of the Dakota a number of specialised Flights used the airfield for six months but by the middle of 1946 the airfield was no longer used for flying.

## RAF units and aircraft

| Unit | Dates | Aircraft | Variant | Notes |
| No. 10 Squadron RAF | 1942–1945 | Handley Page Halifax | II converted to III from 1944 | Four-engined heavy bomber. |
| No. 575 Squadron RAF | 1946 | Douglas Dakota | | Twin-engined transport. |
| No. 1510 (BABS) Flight RAF | 1945–1946 | Airspeed Oxford | | Blind approach training flight |
| No. 1552 (Radio Aids Training) Flight RAF | 1945–1946 | Airspeed Oxford Avro Anson | | Blind approach training flight |
| No. 1553 (Radio Aids Training) Flight RAF | 1945 | Airspeed Oxford | | Blind approach training flight |
| No. 1554 (Radio Aids Training) Flight RAF | 1945 | Airspeed Oxford | | Blind approach training flight |
Other units:
* No. 4 Group Communication Flight RAF (1945–1946)
* No. 91 Maintenance Unit RAF (1949–1954)
* No. 10 Conversion Flight RAF
* No. 1658 Heavy Conversion Unit RAF
* No. 2820 Squadron RAF Regiment
* No. 4275 Anti-Aircraft Flight RAF Regiment
* Aircrew Testing and Grading Unit RAF
* Transport Command Aircrew Examining Unit RAF

## Current use

The site was used for a farmers market in the 1970s, but was gradually adapted into a racing track. Until 2017 the airfield was home to York Raceway running drag racing throughout the summer. York Raceway did not operate at Melbourne in 2018 or 2019. After a fundraising effort a new drag strip was laid and drag racing returned to Melbourne in August 2020. The airfield strip is now home to Melbourne Raceway running drag racing under the organisation of Straightliners. The runway is also used for flying by Pocklington Gyroplane School for Saturday afternoon meets.
# Madiha Salem

Madiha Salem (Arabic: مديحة سالم; 2 October 1944 – 19 November 2015) was an Egyptian actress who appeared in 29 films, and 13 radio and TV serials. She is known for playing the "dreamy teenager" in Egyptian classics from the 1960s.

## early life

Salem was born in the Zamalek neighborhood of Cairo. In high school she studied at the Zamalek School for Girls. Her father died shortly after she finished high school, forcing her to abandon further studies and to look for work.

## Career

Known as the "teenager of the cinema" and the "innocent cat of the screen," she played many supporting roles during the golden era of Egyptian cinema of the 60s and 70s, mainly in the role of the dreamy teenager. She acted on TV and worked as a voice actress in radio serials as well. She is said to have drawn attention for her "light-hearted and unassuming" performances of her roles on the Egyptian screen. She quit acting in the early 80s, preferring to spend her time with her husband and family.
Salem briefly reappeared on the TV screen in the religious drama "The Judiciary of Islam" (القضاء في الإسلام), appearing in 1998 and 2001–2002, but did not subsequently appear in any other acting role.
She died on November 19 in El Safa Hospital due to respiratory problems. Her funeral took place the next day at the Hamidiyya-Shadhiliyya Mosque in the Mohandessin neighborhood in Giza and she was buried in a Cairo cemetery.

## Filmography
### Film

* بلا دموع (Without Tears) (1961)
* Mother of the Bride (1963)
* Dearer than My Life (1965)
* Dawn of a New Day (1965)
* Three Thieves (1966)
* The Nile and the Life (1968)
* Those People of the Nile (1972)
* The Night (1978)
* Trees Die Standing (1980)
* Who Killed This Love (1980)
* الرجل والحصان (The Man and the Horse) (1982)

### Television

* إلا دمعة الحزن (But a Tear of Sorrow - series) (1979)
* Dalia El Masriya (1982)
# Karafestan, Amlash

Karafestan (Persian: كرفستان, also Romanized as Karafestān) is a village in Amlash-e Shomali Rural District, in the Central District of Amlash County, Gilan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 336, in 110 families.
# Shadabad-e Olya

Shadabad-e Olya (Persian: شادابادعليا, also Romanized as Shādābād-e ‘Olyā) is a village in Shirez Rural District, Bisotun District, Harsin County, Kermanshah Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 289, in 67 families.
# Pluta (surname)

Pluta, Pliuta or Plyuta (Ukrainian: Плюта) is a surname. Notable people include:
* Andrzej Pluta (born 1974), Polish basketball player and coach
* Grzegorz Pluta (born 1974), Polish wheelchair fencer
* Yevhen Plyuta (born 1974), Ukrainian figure skater
# Mondemkhallu

Mondemkhallu is a village panchayat in Kurupam mandal of Parvathipuram manyam district in Andhra Pradesh, India.
There is a post office at Mondemkhallu. The PIN code is 535534.

## Geography

Mondemkhallu is located at 18°55′00″N 83°42′00″E﻿ / ﻿18.9167°N 83.7000°E﻿ / 18.9167; 83.7000. It has an average elevation of 191 meters (629 feet).

## Demographics

As of 2001, the demographic details of the village is as follows:
* Total Population: 2,316 in 495 Households.
* Male Population: 1,263
* Female Population: 1,053
* Children Under 6-years of age: 280 (Boys - 147 and Girls and 133)
* Total Literates: 1,366
# Bala Holu Sara

Bala Holu Sara (Persian: بالاهلوسرا, also Romanized as Bālā Holū Sarā) is a village in Shabkhus Lat Rural District, Rankuh District, Amlash County, Gilan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 195, in 47 families.
# FC Promin Poltava

Football Club Promin Poltava (Ukrainian: ФК Промінь Полтава, Russian: ФК Луч Полтава); was a Ukrainian Soviet football team based in Poltava, Ukraine.

## History

Football club was formed in Poltava in 1964 at the Gas discharge lamps factory in Poltava. Oleh Leshchenko was the first captain and one the creators of the team. In 1968 Borys Maslov became the captain. Anatolii Shtryhol was the manager from 1966 to 1972. Vasyl Salkov replaced him.
The club played in Second Group for two years before being admitted to First Group in 1966 after two teams withdrew. They finished fourth. Club also won the Poltava City championship in 1965 and 1966. In 1967 championship Promin finished third earning their first bronze medals. They won the bronze again in 1968. In the cup Promin reached the final. The match ended in a 1–1 draw. In a replay a day later Promin won 1–0. In 1969 the club won city championship. In the championship they finished second. In 1970 Promin again finished second. On 28 June the club won its second cup. They also won Poltava city championship and cup. They lost in the first qualifying match of the 1970 Football Cup of Ukrainian SSR among KFK. Promin won its first championship in 1971. They lost in the cup final against Lokomotyv Poltava. During 1972 the club took part in 1972 KFK competition finishing sixth in their group. Promin also won the city cup. Next year the club won city cup, city championship and Oblast cup. In 1973 KFK competition they finished last in their group. In 1973 Football Cup of Ukrainian SSR among KFK they reached second qualifying round. In 1974 they won the cup and in 1974 KFK competition they finished third and reached the quarterfinals of 1974 Football Cup of Ukrainian SSR among KFK. In April 1975 club won silver medals in a six team tournament "Snowdrop". They lost in cup final to Suputnyk. Promin won that years city cup. In 1975 KFK competition they finished in fourth place in Zone 5. During 1976 city cup final, Promin lost to Suputnyk. In 1976 KFK competition they finished sixth. Next year they again finished sixth in 1977 KFK competition. They won the oblast cup and the city cup. Next season they returned to Poltava Oblast championship where they finished fifth and reached semifinal of the city cup. During 1979 season the club began playing in the first stage of the championship but did not finish. Soon the club was dissolved.

## Honours

Poltava Oblast Championship
       Winners (1): 1971
       Runners-up (2): 1969, 1970
       Third place (2): 1967, 1968
Poltava Oblast Cup
       Winners (5): 1968, 1970, 1973, 1974, 1977
       Runners-up (2): 1971, 1975
Poltava Championship
       Winners (5): 1965, 1966, 1969, 1970, 1973
Poltava Cup
       Winners (5): 1970, 1972, 1973, 1975, 1977
       Runners-up (1): 1976
# Zozulyntsi, Ternopil Oblast

Zozulyntsi (Ukrainian: Зозулинці) is a village in Zalishchyky urban hromada, Chortkiv Raion, Ternopil Oblast, Ukraine.

## History

It was first mentioned in writings in 1532.
After the liquidation of the Zalishchyky Raion on 19 July 2020, the village became part of the Chortkiv Raion.

## Religion

* Two churches of the Assumption (1910, brick, OCU; 2008, brick, UGCC),
* Chapel of the Mother of God (1889, restored in 1992),
* Roman Catholic chapel (1892).