OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Catholic and Royal Army of Anjou and Haut-Poitou

The Catholic and Royal Army of Anjou (French: Armée catholique et royale d'Anjou) or Catholic and Royal Army of Anjou and Haut-Poitou (French: Armée catholique et royale d'Anjou et du Haut-Poitou), also nicknamed the Grande Armée (lit. 'Grand Army'), was the largest royalist army during the War in the Vendée against the French First Republic. It was formed and operated in the northern and eastern parts of the coastal region.
The army's mobilization capacity was 40,000 men. Although the unit had permanent organization, it was very loose. The army was organized into divisions that grouped parish companies, with no intermediate units.
The army successfully stormed Saumur on 9 June 1793. On June 12, Jacques Cathelineau was elected the army commander. Then, the highest-level Royalist commanders decided to attack Nantes, but the attack in the end of June failed due to the lack of coordination between the army of Anjou and Haut-Poitou and the army of Pays de Retz and Bas-Poitou. Cathelineau died in the fighting in Nantes.

## Order of Battle

Order of Battle in March–July 1793 :
| Division of | Divisional general | Strength |
| Saint-Florent-le-Vieil | Charles de Bonchamps, later Jacques Cathelineau | 12,000 |
| Cholet and Beaupréau | Maurice d'Elbée | 9,000 |
| Maulévrier | Jean-Nicolas Stofflet | 3,000 |
| Châtillon-sur-Sèvre | Henri de la Rochejaquelein | 7,000 |
| Bressuire | Louis Marie de Lescure | 6,000 |
| Argenton-les-Vallées | de Laugrenière | 2,000 |
| Loroux | François Lyrot [fr] | 3,000 |

## General Staff

In June 1794, the army's general staff was reorganized:
| Role | Person |
| General in Chief | Jean-Nicolas Stofflet |
| Lieutenant General | La Bouëre |
| Major General | Trottouin |
| Chief of Cavalry | Rostaing |
| Chief of Infantry | Berrard |
| Chief of Artillery | Bertrand Poirier de Beauvais [fr] |
| Secretary-general | Henri Michel Gibert |
| Commissioner-General, responsible for civil affairs | Abbot Étienne-Alexandre Bernier |
# Anti-Chinese legislation in the United States

Anti-Chinese legislation in the United States was introduced in the United States that targeted Chinese migrants following the California gold rush and those coming to build the railway, including:
* Anti-Coolie Act of 1862
* Page Act of 1875
* Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882
* Pigtail Ordinance
# Punta Río Claro Mixed Wildlife Refuge

Punta Río Claro Mixed Wildlife Refuge (Spanish: Refugio de Vida Silvestre Mixto Punta Río Claro), is a protected area in Costa Rica, managed under the Osa Conservation Area, it was created in 1997 by decree 25937-MINAE.
# Borsuky, Ternopil Oblast

Borsuky (Ukrainian: Борсуки) is a village in the Borsuky rural hromada of the Kremenets Raion of Ternopil Oblast in Ukraine.

## History

The first written mention of the village was in 1463.
After the liquidation of the Lanivtsi Raion on 19 July 2020, the village became part of the Kremenets Raion.

## Religion

* Saint Nicholas church

## Notable residents

* Pavlo Shandruk (1889–1979), Ukrainian general
# HYPO Steiermark

Landes-Hypothekenbank Steiermark A.G. known as HYPO Steiermark is an Austrian bank based in Graz, Styria (German: Steiermark). The bank was specialized in mortgage. Nowadays it provides private banking.
In 2015 the bank sold the minority stake in Raiffeisen Zentralbank.
The bank was owned by Styria. Nowadays Raiffeisen-Landesbank Steiermark owned 75% stake minus 1 share.
# Tuzla Infantry School Command

The Tuzla Infantry School Command (Turkish: Piyade Okulu Komutanlığı) is located in Tuzla district of Istanbul. A military school that trains officers, non-commissioned officers and specialist sergeants belonging to the infantry class under the Turkish Land Forces Education and Doctrine Command (EDOK). It is Turkey's first and only infantry school.

## Overview

Founded in 1909, the school moved to Çankırı in 1941 and was named Infantry School in 1946. In 1961, it was moved to the Tuzla district of Istanbul. Courses are composed of the regiment command and the sub-units of the demonstration and exercise battalion command, and the class training of the infantry class officers, non-commissioned officers, specialist sergeants and lieutenants occur in the school. Trainings are given on subjects such as the use of infantry fighting vehicles and marksmanship.

## PKK attack

On February 12, 1994, a bomb was placed in a garbage container at the Tuzla Train Station by militants of the Kurdistan Workers' Party (PKK). As a result, 2 reserve officer candidate students and 3 soldiers were killed while waiting for a train at the station to go on leave.

## Notable alumni

* Hikmat Hasanov, an Azerbaijani major general who is the commander of the 1st Army Corps of Azerbaijan.
# Eisenhut (mountain)

The Eisenhut is a mountain in the Central Eastern Alps located in Austria. At 2,441 metres (8,009 ft), it is the highest peak of the Gurktal Alps and the Carinthian-Styrian Alps.

## Geography

It is located northeast of the Turracher Höhe Pass. Administratively the mountain belongs to the Austrian state of Styria, near the tripoint with Carinthia and Salzburg. The name refers to the centuries-long mining for iron (German: Eisen) ore in places like nearby Turrach.
# St. Erhard-Knutwil railway station

St. Erhard-Knutwil railway station (German: Bahnhof St. Erhard-Knutwil) is a railway station in the municipality of Knutwil, in the Swiss canton of Lucerne. It is an intermediate stop on the standard gauge Olten–Lucerne line of Swiss Federal Railways.

## Services

The following services stop at St. Erhard-Knutwil:
* Aargau S-Bahn S29: hourly service between Sursee and Turgi.
# Dadeh Khan

Dadeh Khan (Persian: دده خان, also Romanized as Dadeh Khān) is a village in Qushkhaneh-ye Bala Rural District, Qushkhaneh District, Shirvan County, North Khorasan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 281, in 63 families.
# Palmoni

The name Palmoni (Hebrew: פלמוני, romanized: Palmōnî) appears in the original Hebrew in the biblical book of Daniel. The still widely used King James Version of 1611 refers to Palmoni indirectly as "that certain saint" – "or," as a marginal note from the translators says, "the numberer of secrets, or, the wonderful numberer: Heb. Palmoni."
In Daniel 8:14, Palmoni identifies a period of 2,300 days before the cleansing of the sanctuary, an event evidently desired by the prophet Daniel, would take place.
According to the day-year principle of interpreting Biblical prophecy, 2,300 "days" would indicate 2,300 years. The Swiss astronomer Jean-Philippe de Cheseaux found, during his studies of chronology that if he took the period of 2,300 years and subtracted from it 1,260 years – a number referred to indirectly in Daniel as "a time and times and the dividing of time" (Dan. 7:25) or "a time, times, and a half" (Dan. 12:7), where a time is equal to 360, times are equal to 720 (2 × 360), and a half is equal to 180 (360/2) – he got 1,040 years, which proved to be, according to the 19th-century theological author Henry Grattan Guinness, "the largest accurate soli-lunar cycle known."
The astrologer Walter Gorn Old, writing under the nom de plume Sepharial, added from his own early 20th-century research, "I have made a calculation and find that with a solar year equal to 365.242264 days, we get in 1040 such years exactly 12,863 lunations, each of 29 days, 12 hours, 44 minutes, 2.8 seconds, which does not differ from the most recent astronomical estimate by a single second."
Two 19th-century writers wrote entire books entitled Palmoni: Francis John Bodfield Hooper was the author of Palmoni: An Essay of the Chronological and Numerical Systems in Use Among the Ancient Jews (1851) and Milo Mahan penned Palmoni, or, The Numerals of Scripture (1863).
# Tigers of Ambazonia

The Tigers of Ambazonia (TTA), also known as Manyu Tigers or Tigers of Manyu, are an Ambazonian separatist militia. According to its official website, the Tigers recognize the authority of the Interim Government of Ambazonia. The militia is part of the Ambazonia Self-Defence Council. The Tigers mainly operate in Manyu and Meme.

## History

The Tigers were organized in Manyu in the fall of 2017, with between 10 and 30 initial fighters. It was one of many localized armed groups set up during the early civil war, attacking military checkpoints. According to the pro-separatist Bareta News, the Tigers emerged in response to the murder of Ekabe Nyongo, a traditional chief in Manyu who had voiced support for the separatist movement. A naked and armed mob of Tigers subsequently stormed Nyongo's funeral, captured a Cameroonian soldier present and forced him to denounce the government, after which the rebels declared another separatist the new local chief. On 14 January 2018, the Cameroonian security forces counter-attacked in an attempt to destroy the Tigers, but the operation provoked further local support for the rebels.
In September 2018, the Tigers claimed responsibility for the Wum prison break. At this point, the militia was part of the Ambazonia Self-Defence Council, and claimed to have around 2,000 fighters under its command, though this number could not be verified and was likely an exaggeration. The Tigers also cooperated with the larger Ambazonia Defence Forces and SOCADEF.
By 2019, the International Crisis Group estimated that the Tigers included about 500 militants. By 2020, Cameroon Intelligence Report claimed that the Tigers had become infamous among Cameroonian soldiers and controlled the rural areas around Mamfe. The group reportedly maintained many cells in Manyu, and patrolled the area to prevent the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic.
On 6 November 2023, separatist fighters massacred at least 20 civilians in Egbekaw, near Mamfe. Cameroon News Agency attributed the massacre to the Tigers, describing it as a revenge attack due to the locals hiring Nigerian mercenaries who had killed one member of the separatist militia.

## Beliefs

The Tigers adhere to militant Ambazonian separatism. In addition, they are inspired to some degree by traditional African religions; the group's name is based on the belief that "some of the Tigers are the ghosts of dead ancestors who have risen from the grave to defend their people". Belief in supernatural protection and influence, called odeshi, is common among Ambazonian militant groups.
# Bazegeh

Bazegeh (Persian: بازگه, also Romanized as Bāzegeh and Bazgeh) is a village in Harasam Rural District, Homeyl District, Eslamabad-e Gharb County, Kermanshah Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 140, in 33 families.
# Chernylivka

Chernylivka (Ukrainian: Чернилівка) is a village in Pidvolochysk settlement hromada, Ternopil Raion, Ternopil Oblast, Ukraine.

## History

The first written mention of the village was in 1581.
After the liquidation of the Pidvolochysk Raion on 19 July 2020, the village became part of the Ternopil Raion.

## Religion

* St. Demetrius church (1904, brick, restored in 2014).
# Qaleh Rudkhan

Qaleh Rudkhan (Persian: قلعه رودخان, also Romanized as Qal‘eh Rūdkhān and Qal‘eh-ye Rūdkhān; also known as Kala-Rudkhan and Qala Rūdkhan) is a village in Gurab Pas Rural District, in the Central District of Fuman County, Gilan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 707, in 217 families.
# John Davies (bibliographer and genealogist)

John Davies (1860–1939) was a Welsh bibliographer and genealogist. He was from the Llandysul area of Cardiganshire, and as a boy attended Capel Dewi National School. He then worked as a farm labourer, and as a collier for a while, before opening his own boots and clogs business in Lampeter.
For some time he had held an interest in Welsh books and in genealogy, especially Cardiganshire and west Wales families, and in 1908, he was appointed to a position on the staff of the newly founded National Library of Wales, assisting research workers on genealogical and bibliographical matters. He remained in the position until his retirement in 1927.
He died in Aberystwyth in June 1939, and was buried in Aberystwyth cemetery.
His surviving works include, in collaboration with Mrs Lucy E. Lloyd Theakston, a compilation of 'Some Pedigrees of the Lloyds of Allt yr Odyn, Castell Hywel, Ffos y Bleiddiaid, Gilfach Wen, Llan Llyr, and Waun Ifor' (Oxford, 1912), and a number of essays, such as, ‘Ymchwiliad Hynafiaethol a Thraddodiadol am Ellen Wyn o Ddyffrynllynod ynghyd a Theuly y Wyniaid Plwyf Llandyssul’ (1900), and ‘Hen Feirdd Plwyf Llandyssul’ (1906).
# Ivo Posti

Ivo Posti (born 26 October 1975 in Vana-Kuuste) is an Estonian countertenor and historian. Director of Narva Museum.

## Early life

Ivo Posti at first studied history in the Estonian University of Tartu and became a teacher of Political Science. Between 1996–2001, he studied singing with Aino Kõiv at the Heino Eller Music School in Tartu, and from 2001 until 2007, he studied at Royal Conservatory of The Hague where his teachers were Rita Dams and Barbara Pearson. He has also studied with Marius van Altena and Diane Forlano and has had master classes with Taru Valjakka, Thomas Wiedenhofer, Michael Chance, Jill Feldman, Rick Harrell, Niels Muus, Brian Masuda and Roberta Alexander.

## Career

Ivo Posti has given concerts in Estonia and abroad. He has also won many prizes in different competitions (both as a pop singer and an opera singer). Since 2005 Posti has organized masterclasses for classical singers in Tartu.
In the 2007–2008 season, Posti was a member of Opera Studio Nederland. In January 2008 he debuted in co-operation with the Aix-en-Provence Festival in France, where he performed the role of The Spirit in Dido and Aeneas by Henry Purcell in Opéra de Lille and Grand Théâtre de Provence (conducted by Kenneth Weiss). In the season 2008-2009 he sang the role of Grazia in Ercole Amante by Francesco Cavalli in De Nederlandse Opera and role of Parque in Hippolyte et Aricie by Jean-Philippe Rameau at the Nationale Reisopera in The Netherlands. He also performed George Frideric Handel's Brockes Passion in April 2009 with Concerto Copenhagen (conducted by Kenneth Weiss) in Spain. In June 2010 he sang the role of Vjazemskaja in The Dog's Heart by Alexander Raskatov (world-premiere) at De Nederlandse Opera.
Posti also sings jazz and ballades as a baritone.
# Shahrestanak, Qazvin

Shahrestanak (Persian: شهرستانك) is a village in, and the capital of, Dashtabi-ye Sharqi Rural District of Dashtabi District, Buin Zahra County, Qazvin province, Iran.

## Demographics
### Ethnicity

The village is populated by Azerbaijanians.

### Population

At the time of the 2006 National Census, the village's population was 1,564 in 404 households. The following census in 2011 counted 1,556 people in 418 households. The 2016 census measured the population of the village as 1,883 people in 553 households.
# Dmytrivka rural hromada, Kyiv Oblast

Dmytrivka rural hromada (Ukrainian: Дмитрівська селищна громада) is a hromada of Ukraine, located in Bucha Raion, Kyiv Oblast. Its administrative center is the village of Dmytrivka.
It has an area of 138.8 square kilometres (53.6 sq mi) and a population of 17,944, as of 2020.
The hromada contains 14 settlements, which are all villages:
* Bucha
* Buzova
* Dmytrivka
* Horbovichi
* Hurivshchyna
* Kapitanivka
* Khmilna
* Lisne
* Lychanka
* Liubymivka
* Myla
* Mriia
* Petrushky
* Shpytky
# Ahangar Kola, Chalus

Ahangar Kola (Persian: اهنگركلا, also Romanized as Āhangar Kolā and Āhangar Kalā) is a village in Kelarestaq-e Gharbi Rural District, in the Central District of Chalus County, Mazandaran Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 638, in 176 families.
# Salah Suheimat

Salah al-Din Attallah Suheimat (Arabic: صلاح الدين عطالله السحيمات) MP (1914 – 30 November 1966) was a Member of the Parliament of Jordan on the banner of the city Al Karak. Born in 1914, the son of Sheikh Attallah Suheimat, a national leader, who was a member of the first Legislative Council of the Emirate of Transjordan and held several political positions in the Ottoman Empire and later Transjordan and the grandson of Sheikh Sulieman effendi Suheimat who was a national leader and a member of the first municipal council of the city of Karak during the reign of the Ottoman Empire in the 1890s. MP Salah Suheimat received his primary and preparatory education at the primary school in Karak and then completed his secondary education at the secondary school of Salt (As-Salt), and later obtained a Diploma in Agriculture in Beirut, Lebanon. Salah Suheimat was the first Secretary General of the Jordanian parliament in 1946.

## Career highlights

* Director of Publications.
* Military governor of Balqa, administrative and acting governor for a number of areas in The Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan.
* The Head of the Jordanian delegation to restore and normalise diplomatic relations with Iraq on 5/11/1960.
* Head of the Foreign Affairs Committee in the Jordanian House of Representatives.
* Secretary General of the Ministry of Interior.
* Secretary General of the Jordanian parliament ( 1946–48, 1951–53, 1961–62).
* Member of the Jordanian parliament (8 July 1963 – 30 November 1966).

## Awards

Suheimat received The Grand Cordon of the Order of the Star of Jordan and The Grand Cordon of the Order of Independence, in addition he received a number of decorations from Arab and European states.

## Family

Salah Suheimat is the brother of General Muhammad Suheimat and Izzeddin Suheimat.

## Death

Salah Suheimat died in Amman on 30 November 1966 and was buried in the cemetery of the Prophet Noah in the city of Al Karak.
# Tuli, Zimbabwe

Tuli is a village in the province of Matabeleland South, in southwestern Zimbabwe. It is located about 90 km west of Beitbridge on the eastern bank of the Shashe River. The village grew around Fort Tuli, which was the first settlement built by the Pioneer Column in July 1890 at the place known as Selous Camp and used by Frederick Selous as a base for his hunting expeditions. The village is mainly a police post and associated housing.
The village can be accessed from Gwanda town via Guyu and Hwali, or from Beitbridge via Nottingham and Shashi Irrigation Scheme, although the latter road is in very poor condition.

## History

Tuli was the first point at which the pioneer column, and many subsequent expeditions entered into Matabeleland and onward north to Salisbury (now Harare), the capital of Rhodesia as the country was then known. Tuli was the first location north of the Limpopo/Shashe rivers where a 'European' style building was erected - the BSA Police Station was a wooden modular style Victorian building, brought from the UK and erected to house members of the BSA Police who monitored the river crossing just south of the building's location. Until this time a large Fort (Fort Tuli) had existed on the southern bank of the Shashe where oxen and horses were rested prior to undertaking the river crossing. In the 1970s this building was re-located from its original site and erected at the site of the old, and now obliterated, Fort Tuli. It was used to house artifacts and items if historic interest which were found by persons in the area of the old Fort.
Fort Tuli was also the launching point of the Jameson Raid into the South African Republic which contributed significantly to the start of the Second Boer War in the late 19th century.

## Tuli Circle

Tuli also forms the centre of a 10 miles (16 km) 'circle', the southern half of which stretches south of the Shashe River. This circle was established by the early pioneers with the agreement of local tribesmen as a no-go area for the grazing of local cattle. This preserved the grazing and helped to prevent the spread of rinderpest from the local cattle to the all-important oxen needed for the trek north. The historic legacy of this is the shape of the international boundary separating Zimbabwe from Botswana, which ceases to be the Shashe River for the section where it flows through this area and instead follows the outer rim of this circle, known as the "Tuli Circle". This is a protected area, now the Thuli Parks and Wildlife Land.
# Angela V. John

Angela V. John FRHistS FLSW (born 24 September 1948) is a Welsh historian known for her biographies, particularly of women. She is President of Llafur: The Welsh People's History Society.

## Life

John was born in 1948 and she was brought up in Port Talbot.
Her 1980 book By The Sweat of Their Brow concerned the lives of women employed in the Victorian coal mining industry. In the late 1980s she was one of the founders of the academic journal Gender & History.
She was employed as a History Professor at the University of Greenwich.
She began to research the life of Henry W Nevinson at the Bodleian Library in Oxford. As a result, she published War, Journalism and the Shaping of the 20th Century: The Life and Times of Henry W Nevinson a biography that includes his interests apart from his better known work as a war correspondent. His life led to John's interest in the suffragist Evelyn Sharp, who became Nevinson's second wife. In 2009 John published her biography: Evelyn Sharp: Rebel Woman, 1869-1955.
In 2012 when she was an honorary Professor of History at Swansea University she was elected to the Learned Society of Wales. In 2015 she published a book based around the many famous actors from around her home town. The book as inspired by a conversation she had with the actor Michael Sheen. The book is titled The Actors’ Crucible: Port Talbot and the Making of Burton, Hopkins, Sheen and All the Others.
In 2013 she published Turning the Tide, a biography of the suffragette Margaret Haig Thomas, later Lady Rhondda. This led to her working with Welsh National Opera on their production of Rhondda Rips It Up! a music-hall based work by Elena Langer on Lady Rhondda, which premiered in Newport in May 2018 and toured to sixteen British venues.
In 2022 she succeeded the politician Hywel Francis as President of Llafur: The Welsh People's History Society. She had been a member of the society since 1977, and had served as chair and as vice-president.
# Ombarrops!

Ombarrops! is the third and final studio album by Polish alternative rock band The Car Is on Fire. It was produced and mixed by John McEntire (Tortoise, The Sea and Cake, Gastr del Sol) and recorded in Soma Electronic Music Studios in Chicago. Guest appearances are made by McEntire himself and Aleksandra Tomaszewska (Aleks and the Drummer).
# Mount Collie

Mount Collie is a mountain in Yoho National Park, located on the western boundary of the Wapta Icefield in Canada. The mountain was named in 1897 by Charles S. Thompson after J. Norman Collie, an accomplished mountaineer and early explorer of the Canadian Rockies.

## Geology

Mount Collie is composed of sedimentary rock laid down during the Precambrian to Jurassic periods. Formed in shallow seas, this sedimentary rock was pushed east and over the top of younger rock during the Laramide orogeny.

## Climate

Based on the Köppen climate classification, Mount Collie is located in a subarctic climate with cold, snowy winters, and mild summers. Temperatures can drop below −20 °C with wind chill factors below −30 °C.