OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Taifa of Lérida

The Taifa of Lérida (Arabic: طائفة لاردة) was a factional kingdom (ṭāʾifa) in Muslim Iberia between 1039/1046 and 1102/1110. Based on the city of Lérida (Catalan Lleida, Arabic Lārida), the ṭāʾifa was not an independent state throughout this period but was sometimes a part of the larger ṭāʾifa of Zaragoza ruled by a governor (wālī).
Under the late Córdoban caliphate, Lérida was ruled by wālīs of the Banū Tujīb. In 1039, it was taken from them, along with Zaragoza, by al-Mustaʿīn of the Banū Hūd. At some point prior to his death in 1046, al-Mustaʿīn placed his younger son, Yūsuf ibn Sulaymān ibn Hūd al-Muẓaffar, in charge of Lérida, while in 1046 the elder son, Aḥmad al-Muḳtadir, inherited Zaragoza. From 1045, Count Ramon Berenguer I of Barcelona forced the brothers to pay tribute (parias) in return for his not attacking them. In 1064, the brothers had a falling-out over the loss of Barbastro to an international Christian army, for which defeat al-Muḳtadir blamed Yūsuf, although the city was soon recovered.
After al-Muḳtadir of Zaragoza acquired the ṭāʾifa of Tortosa in 1061 and the ṭāʾifa of Denia in 1076, he and his brother fought a civil war in 1078–81, resulting in the reunification of al-Mustaʿīn's principality in al-Muḳtadir's hands. When al-Muḳtadir died in late 1081, the ṭāʾifa was divided between his two sons. The younger, al-Mundhir, who was already governing Denia and Tortosa as his father's ḥājib, inherited Lérida also.
The ṭāʾifa of Lérida, as the northeasternmost of the states to come out of the division of 1081, bore the brunt of the conflict with Sancho Ramírez, king of Aragon, and his son, Peter, king of Sobrarbe, who steadily advanced down the valley of the Cinca. In 1083, they took Graus; then, between 1087 and 1093, Peter took Estada, Monzón and Almenar. In 1089, Count Ermengol IV of Urgell launched an attack towards Balaguer, possibly even taking the city temporarily.
In 1090, al-Mundhir died and was succeeded by his son, Sulaymān ibn Hūd, a minor. Sulaymān's regents divided the ṭāʾifa, separating Denia and Tortosa to their own advantage and leaving him a rump Lérida. In 1100, Peter, now king of Aragon, captured Barbastro, the second city of the ṭāʾifa, and Sariñena. In 1101, the capture of Pomar de Cinca [es] and Albalate de Cinca brought the Aragonese up to Lérida itself.
Under al-Mundhir and his son, Lérida paid tribute to Count Ramon Berenguer III of Barcelona and Count Ermengol V of Urgell. Ermengol V died in the battle of Mollerussa fighting the North African Almoravids, who were trying to subdue the ṭāʾifa of Lérida, in September 1102. Lérida appears to have fallen to the Almoravids that year, although others have it lasting until 1110. The Almoravids appointed wālīs to govern it until it was captured by the Catalans in 1149.

## Rulers of Lérida

* Yūsuf ibn Sulaymān ibn Hūd al-Muẓaffar (1039/1046–1078/1081)
* Mundhir al-Ḥājib (1081–1090), nephew of predecessor.
* Sulaymān ibn Hūd (1090–1102/1110), son of predecessor.
# Corycus (Crete)

Corycus or Korykos (Ancient Greek: Κώρυκος) was a town in the northwestern part of ancient Crete on the peninsula of the same name mentioned by Ptolemy. There is a passage in which Juvenal mentions a Corycian vessel which evidently belonged to this Cretan town. When the Florentine traveller Cristoforo Buondelmonti visited Crete in 1415, he found remains existing.
# Herbert Turnbull

Herbert Westren Turnbull (31 August 1885 – 4 May 1961) was an English mathematician. From 1921 to 1950 he was Regius Professor of Mathematics at the University of St Andrews.

## Life

He was born in the Tettenhall district, on the outskirts of Wolverhampton on 31 August 1885, the eldest of five sons of William Peveril Turnbull, HM Inspector of Schools. He was educated at Sheffield Grammar School then studied Mathematics at Cambridge University graduating MA.
After serving as lecturer at St. Catharine's College, Cambridge (1909), the University of Liverpool (1910), and the University of Hong Kong (1912), Turnbull became master at St. Stephen's College in Hong Kong (1911–15), and warden of the University Hostel (1913–15). He was a Fellow at St John's College, Oxford (1919–26), and from 1921 held a chair of mathematics at the University of St Andrews.
In 1922, he was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society of Edinburgh. His proposers were Arthur Crichton Mitchell, Sir Edmund Taylor Whittaker, Cargill Gilston Knott, and Herbert Stanley Allen. He won the Society's Keith Prize for 1923-25 and the Gunning Victoria Jubilee Prize for 1940–1944. In 1932, he was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society.
He was a keen mountain climber and served as President of the Scottish Mountaineering Club from 1948 to 1950.
He retired in 1950 and died at Grasmere in the Lake District on 4 May 1961.

## Family

In 1911, he married Ella Drummond Williamson, daughter of Canon H. D. Williamson. They had one daughter.

## Selected publications

* The Theory of Determinants, Matrices, and Invariants. 1928.
* The Great Mathematicians. 1929.
* Theory of Equations. 1939.
* The Mathematical Discoveries of Newton. 1945.
* with A. C. Aitken: An Introduction to the Theory of Canonical Matrices. 1945.
* as editor: The correspondence of Isaac Newton, first 3 vols (1959–1961) out of a total of 7 vols (1959–77).
# Peter McCambridge

Peter McCambridge is a Canadian literary translator. He is most noted as winner the Governor General's Award for French to English translation at the 2023 Governor General's Awards for Rosa's Very Own Personal Revolution, his translation of Éric Dupont's novel La Logeuse.
He was previously nominated in the same category at the 2018 Governor General's Awards for Songs for the Cold of Heart, his translation of Dupont's novel La fiancée américaine, which was also shortlisted for the 2018 Giller Prize.
Born and raised in Ireland, McCambridge was educated at Cambridge University and has been based in Quebec City since 2003. He is the fiction editor of QC Fiction, an imprint of Baraka Books which specializes in English translations of Quebec literature.
# Peter B. Cotton

Peter B. Cotton (born 1939) is a British gastroenterologist best known for his advancement in digestive disease, pioneering and naming the Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) procedure and creating the Digestive Disease Center at the Medical University of South Carolina.
Cotton was born in England, where his father was a rural family physician. He was educated at Cambridge University and St. Thomas Hospital Medical School (London), where he graduated in 1963. In 1986, he left England to become Professor of Medicine and Chief of Endoscopy at Duke University, Durham, North Carolina. He developed a state of the art endoscopy center there while also maintaining his interests in teaching, new techniques, and careful outcome evaluation. He moved to Charleston, South Carolina in 1994 to initiate and lead a Digestive Disease Center at the Medical University of South Carolina, dedicated to multi-disciplinary patient care, and the research and education needed to enhance it.
Cotton's bibliography includes over 900 publications, with more than 300 original contributions in peer-reviewed journals, and 10 books. “Practical Gastrointestinal Endoscopy” (co-authored by Christopher Williams) is the primary Gastrointestinal Endoscopy teaching text available in seven languages.
# Lauck

Lauck is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Chester Lauck (1902–1980), American radio and film actor
* Gary Lauck (born 1953), American neo-Nazi activist and publisher
* Gerd Lauck (1931–2005), German footballer
* Hans-Joachim Lauck (born 1937), Minister for Heavy Plant and Machinery Construction in the German Democratic Republic
* Jennifer Lauck (born 1963), American author, essayist, speaker and writing instructor
* M. Hannah Lauck (born 1963), American judge
* Reinhard Lauck (1946–1997), German footballer
See also
# Osip Petrov

Osip Afanasievich Petrov (Russian: Осип Афанасиевич Петров, 15 November [O.S. 3 November] 1806 – 12 March [O.S. 28 February] 1878) was a Russian operatic bass-baritone of great range and renown, whose career centred on St Petersburg.

## Biography

Osip Petrov was born in Yelisavetgrad (now Kropyvnytskyi) in Ukraine, then part of Russia. He started his career by singing in a church chorus. Petrov then worked in Russian provincial theaters (including Poltava, where he worked together with Mikhail Shchepkin).
From 1830 until his death in 1878 he worked for the Mariinsky Theatre, St Petersburg. His career was one triumph after another, and he created a number of important roles in Russian operas, by composers such as Dargomyzhsky, Glinka, Mussorgsky, Rimsky-Korsakov, Anton Rubinstein, Tchaikovsky and others.
His 50th anniversary as a singer was the cause for national celebration. On 21 April 1876, on the stage of the Maryinsky Theatre, he was presented with a gold medal, the personal gift of Tsar Alexander II. The President of the Russian Musical Society, the Tsar's uncle, Grand Duke Konstantin, presented an address in his honour. Messages from all over Russia were read out. Then he was presented with a wreath made of 100 gold leaves studded with diamonds, one leaf for each of the 100 operas in which he had sung. Tchaikovsky wrote a Cantata (Hymn) on the Occasion of the Celebration of the 50th Jubilee of the Singer Osip Afanasievich Petrov, for tenor, chorus and orchestra, with words by Nikolay Nekrasov. This was performed at the St Petersburg Conservatory on 6 May 1876, under the conductor Karl Davydov.
Petrov's 52-year career continued until the night before he died.
His wife was a Russian operatic contralto, Anna Vorobyova.

## Performance repertoire

He created the following roles:
* Susanin in Catterino Cavos's Ivan Susanin
* Leporello in Dargomyzhsky's The Stone Guest
* Susanin in Glinka's A Life for the Tsar
* Ruslan in Glinka's Ruslan and Lyudmila
* Varlaam in Mussorgsky's Boris Godunov
* Ivan the Terrible in Rimsky-Korsakov's The Maid of Pskov
* Prince Gudal in Anton Rubinstein's The Demon
* Oziya in Serov's Judith
* Prince Vladimir in Serov's Rogneda
* Kochubey in Tchaikovsky's Mazeppa
* Neizvestnyi (The Unknown Man) in Verstovsky's Askold's Grave.
# Amirabad, Qaen

Amirabad (Persian: اميراباد, also Romanized as Āmīrābād) is a village in Qaen Rural District, in the Central District of Qaen County, South Khorasan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 177, in 43 families.
# Sever Pleniceanu

Sever Pleniceanu (1867–1924) was a Romanian doctor, officer and cartographer. Commander of the Order of the Crown of Romania and the Star of the Congo.

## Early life and career

Was born in the Drobeta-Turnu Severin in the family of large landowners Ioannes and Ana Pleniceanu.
After finishing secondary school, he entered the cavalry school in Ypres, from which he graduated in 1891. After 7 years spent in the division of mounted gendarmes, where he was promoted to the rank of lieutenant, he resigned to embark on a long expedition to Africa, which lasted until 1901.
Captain Sever Plenichanu joined the Belgian colonial army and since 1898 to 1901, explored the region of Zaire and Sudan on the Congo River, studying the local inhabitants (Pygmies and cannibals) making geographical and climatic observations.
# Andrea Paoli

Andrea Robert Paoli (Arabic: أندريا روبير باولي) is a Lebanese athlete who was the Taekwondo champion of Lebanon in the senior category for five consecutive seasons.

## Biography

In 2007, she won the Lebanese Juniors championship and later in the year, she earned the bronze medal at the Asian Juniors championship. This medal led to her being selected to take part in the Youth Olympic Camp that took place during the Beijing Olympic Games. She won a bronze medal at the 2010 Asian Games and in 2011, she was ranked eighth in the world. Paoli was able to qualify to the London Olympics by ranking second the Asian Olympic Qualifiers that took place in Thailand in 2011.
She represented Lebanon in Taekwondo at the 2012 Summer Olympics held in London. She was given the honor of carrying the flag for Lebanon during the Parade of Nations. During the Women's 57 kg event, she advanced from the preliminary round to the quarterfinals by defeating Nidia Munoz of Cuba. In the quarterfinals, she lost against Tseng Li-Cheng of Chinese Taipei.

## Family

Her brother, Philippe, is a former professional footballer. Her father, Robert, was a basketball player.
# Mélissa Verreault

Mélissa Verreault (born 1983) is a Canadian writer and translator from Montreal, Quebec. She is most noted as the winner of the Governor General's Award for English to French translation at the 2022 Governor General's Awards for Partie de chasse au petit gibier entre lâches au club de tir du coin, her translation of Megan Gail Coles's novel Small Game Hunting at the Local Coward Gun Club.

## Works
### Novels

* Voyage léger, 2011 — ISBN 978-2-923530-28-4
* L'angoisse du poisson rouge, 2014 — ISBN 9782923530826, 9782923530895, 9782923530888
* Les couleurs primaires 2016 — ISBN 9782278080946
* Les voies de la disparition, 2016 — ISBN 9782924519288

### Short story collections

* Point d'équilibre, 2012 — ISBN 9782923530482, 9782923530574, 9782923530567

### Translations

* Ligne brisée (Katherena Vermette, The Break), 2017 — ISBN 9782764434161, 9782764434178, 9782764434185
* Liminal (Jordan Tannahill), 2019 — ISBN 9782924898369, 9782924898482, 9782924898437
* Partie de chasse au petit gibier entre lâches au club de tir du coin (Megan Gail Coles, Small Game Hunting at the Local Coward Gun Club), 2021 — ISBN 9782764444016, 276444401X
* Ta gueule t'es belle (Téa Mutonji, Shut Up You're Pretty), 2021 — ISBN 9782925035480, 2925035485
# Dishon (disambiguation)

Dishon (Hebrew: דִּישׁוֹן) is a settlement in northern Israel.
Dishon may also refer to:
* Dishon Stream (Nahal Dishon) a stream by the settlement
* Dishon (Hebrew: דִּישֹׁן, ḏîšōn), a Hebrew biblical name for pygarg, possibly an antelope species
* Dishon Cave [ceb] ( מערת דישון), Northern District, Israel
* Mount Dishon [cs], a hill in Northern Israel
* Dishon, an unclear biblical character
* Colleen Dishon (1924–2004), American journalist
* Jessica Dishon, a missing person discussed in episode 134 (2017) Cold Case Files reality legal show/documentary
# Bilohirka, Kherson Oblast

Bilohirka (Ukrainian: Білогірка; Russian: Белогорка) is a village in the Beryslav Raion of Kherson Oblast in southern Ukraine, about 76 kilometres (47 mi) north-east of the centre of Kherson city, beside the Inhulets river. The border of Kherson Oblast with Mykolaiv Oblast runs along the river on the north-west side of the village.
The village came under attack by Russian forces in May 2022, during the Russian invasion of Ukraine and was regained by Ukrainian forces by August/September the same year.
# 25 Years of Innocence

25 Years of Innocence (Polish: 25 lat niewinności. Sprawa Tomka Komendy) is a 2020 Polish drama film written by Andrzej Golda and directed by Jan Holoubek. It is based on true story of Tomasz Komenda, a young man who was wrongly accused of brutal murder and sentenced to 25 years in prison. The film stars Piotr Trojan as Tomasz, and Agata Kulesza as his mother, Teresa Klemańska.
25 Years of Innocence received critical acclaim and saw commercial success grossing $4,027,477 in box office. At the 2021 Polish Film Awards, 25 Years of Innocence received record 15 nominations, winning seven awards include for, Best Director, Best Actor (Trojan), Best Actress (Kulesza) and Best Supporting Actor (Frycz). It also received two Awards at the Gdynia Film Festival.

## Plot

The film centers on a young man who was falsely accused for rape and was imprisoned for 25 years.

## Cast

* Piotr Trojan as Tomasz Komenda
* Agata Kulesza as Teresa Klemańska
* Jan Frycz as 'Stary'
* Andrzej Konopka as Tołopka
* Bartosz Bielenia as Krzysiek Pyzior
* Agnieszka Krukówna as Supreme Court Judge

## Reception

Tim Gierson praised depiction of prison horrors and play of supporting actors, especially Kulesza's. Screendaily critic Tim Grierson wrote in his review: "Avoiding emotional fireworks, Kulesza subtly communicates Teresa's beaten-down resilience — she conveys how much the son's imprisonment has taken out of Teresa through quiet, unimaginable weariness."

## Accolades

| Award | Category | Recipient | Result |
| Polish Film Awards | Best Actor | Piotr Trojan | Won |
| Polish Film Awards | Best Supporting Actor | Jan Frycz | Won |
| Polish Film Awards | Best Actress | Agata Kulesza | Won |
| Polish Film Awards | Best Supporting Actress | Magdalena Różczka | Nominated |
| Polish Film Awards | Best Film | Jan Holoubek | Nominated |
# Procanthia

Procanthia is a genus of moths in the subfamily Arctiinae. The genus was erected by George Hampson in 1900.

## Species

* Procanthia distantii (Dewitz, 1881)
* Procanthia nivea Rothschild, 1910
# Constantia Zierenberg

Constantia Zierenberg (1605–1653) was a singer and musician from Danzig (Gdańsk) in the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth.
Constantia, the daughter of Anna Kerlin and Johann Zierenberg, who would be mayor from 1630 to 1642, was raised as a Calvinist. She received an excellent musical education and was also a painter. Constantia was fluent in six languages: German, Polish, French, Italian, Swedish, and Latin.
She sang for both Sigismund III Vasa (reigned 1587–1632) and for Władysław IV Vasa (1632–1648) on the occasion of their visits to Danzig. Constantia went to the imperial city of Milan and on a year-long trip to a number of other European cultural cities.
Back home, in 1628, Constantia married the Calvinist Sigmund Kerschenstein (born 1603). They had three children, only one of whom survived her when she died in 1653.
Numerous poetic and other literary works were dedicated to her, like Johann George Moeresius who wrote a series of poems in her honour.
In 1626, the Milanese publisher Filippo Lomazzo compiled and published the musical anthology Flores praestantissimorum virorum a Philippo Lomatio Bibliopola delibati. It is preceded by a page-long dedication ad nobilissiam Constantiam Czirenbergiam Gedanensiam. In the dedication, she is praised for her musical talent, especially for her singing, which was recognized and admired by the most accomplished musicians and royalty of her time.
# Leonora Moore

Leonora Lim-Moore is a British film actress, writer and director, known for her lead role as Nikita in The Taiwan Oyster (2012), directed by Mark Jarrett and for her directorial debut "East", in which she also starred as 'Elva', and which won Best Feature Film at the UK Film Festival in December 2011.
In 2015, her second co-directed feature film "Made In Taiwan", filmed in Taipei, Taiwan, and starring Alexander Jeremy, Ester Yang and Mason Lee, won 5 awards, including Best UK Film at the Manchester International Film Festival 2016.

## Background

Lim-Moore was accepted to The University of Oxford (Wadham College) to read a four-year Masters Degree in Astrophysics and Particle Physics. She lived in Japan for several years and traveled to Los Angeles to receive acting training before returning to England to focus on her acting. Together with her brother, Jonny Moore, she co-directed 'Hear The Doors', a feature film that explores the ideas and mysteries of the Universe through the eyes of a 5-yr old boy.

## Career

In 2009, Leonora performed in theatre works The Sister's Walk, Tell Me, DMV Tyrant, Shampoo, and Stop Kiss for Black Box Theatre.
For her first effort as a filmmaker, Leonora was writer, director, producer, and composer of the feature film East (2011). It subsequently won 'Best Feature Film' at the 2011 UK Film Festival.

### Filmography
#### As actress

* I Have A Bad Feeling About This (2014)
* Brothers' Day [TAIWAN] (2014)
* Surviving Alba (2013)
* The Taiwan Oyster [TAIWAN] (2012)
* East (2011) as Elva
* Welcome to Minou [JAPAN] (2009) as Geisha

#### As filmmaker

* East (2011)
* Hear The Doors (2013)

## Recognition

Twitch Film made note of Moore's performance in The Taiwan Oyster, and wrote that the onscreen chemistry between Billy Harvey and Leonora Lim-Moore "is at times breathtaking". Also toward that film, Don Clinchy of the Slackerwood website wrote that Moore did "a great job as Nikita, a smart, savvy woman who is a sober, grounding influence on her intemperate traveling companions."

### Awards and nominations

* 2011, won 'Best Feature Film' at UK Film Festival for East (2011)
# Rykhtychi

Rykhtychi (Ukrainian: Рихтичі; Polish: Rychcice) is a selo in Drohobych Raion, Lviv Oblast, Ukraine. It belongs to Drohobych urban hromada, one of the hromadas of Ukraine.
It was first mentioned in 1123 and currently has a population of 3,244.
# Gerger-e Sofla, Kurdistan

Gerger-e Sofla (Persian: گرگرسفلي, also Romanized as Gerger-e Soflá; also known as Gerger and Gerger-e Pā’īn) is a village in Amirabad Rural District, Muchesh District, Kamyaran County, Kurdistan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 292, in 56 families. The village is populated by Kurds.
# Permanent Mission of Armenia to the CSTO

The Permanent Mission of Armenia to the CSTO (Armenian: ՀԱՊԿ-ում Հայաստանի մշտական ներկայացուցչություն, romanized: HAPK-um Hayastani mshtakan nerkayats’uts’ch’ut’yun) is the diplomatic mission of Armenia to the Collective Security Treaty Organization (CSTO). It is based in Moscow, Russia.

## History

Armenia was a founding member of the CSTO military alliance, which was established in 1994. The Permanent Mission of Armenia to the CSTO was founded on 16 January 2012 by Presidential decree. The primary goals of the mission is to further facilitate the development of relations and cooperation between Armenia, the CSTO, and its members. Other objectives include, fostering military-technical and military-economic cooperation between CSTO member states, planning joint activities and events, and deepening multilateral ties.
On 23 February 2024, Armenian Prime Minister Nikol Pashinyan, confirmed that Armenia has frozen its participation in the CSTO. Pashinyan stated, "We have now in practical terms frozen our participation in this treaty" and "membership of the CSTO was under review" during a live broadcast interview. On 28 February 2024, during a speech made in the National Assembly, Pashinyan further stated that the CSTO is "a threat to the national security of Armenia". On 12 June 2024, Nikol Pashinyan told parliament that his government will withdraw Armenia from the CSTO with Pashinyan stating, "We will leave. We will decide when to exit...Don't worry, we won't return".

## Permanent Representative

As of November 2018, Ambassador Viktor Biyagov is the current Head of the Permanent Mission of Armenia to the CSTO. Meanwhile, Mher Shirinyan has been appointed Representative of the Armed Forces of Armenia at the Mission of Armenia to the CSTO.
# Tongoy Airport

Tongoy Airport Spanish: Aeropuerto de Tongoy, (ICAO: SCTG) was an airstrip serving Tongoy, a Pacific coastal town in the Coquimbo Region of Chile.
The airport is closed.
The Tongoy non-directional beacon (Ident: TOY) is located on the field. The Tongoy VOR-DME (Ident: TOY) is located 0.7 nautical miles (1.3 km) southeast of the runway.