OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Sărmășag

Sărmășag (Romanian: Sărmășag; Hungarian: Sarmaság) is a commune in Sălaj County, Crișana, Romania.

## Geography and climate

The commune's altitude is low, between 160m and 379m. The climate is continental, the average temperature in January is -3 °C, in July 21.1 °C. The average annually precipitation is about 627mm. The most important fossil fuel is the area is coal. The commune is composed of six villages: Ilișua (Selymesilosva), Lompirt (Szilágylompért), Moiad (Mojád), Poiana Măgura (Magurahegy), Sărmășag and Țărmure (Parttanya).

## History

Sărmășag was already inhabited in the Iron Age. The first written documents date back to 1355. The name of the locality probably comes from László Sarmassághy who received the town from the Báthory family.

## Demographics

As of the census of 2002 there were 6,547 people residing in the town.
The ethnic makeup of the commune was 5,168 Hungarians, 1,156 Romanians, 217 Romani, 4 Ukrainians, and one German.
Religious beliefs:
* Reformed - 4,635
* Romanian Orthodox - 1,164
* Roman Catholic - 426
* Baptist - 232
* Greek Catholic - 25
* Pentecostal - 13
* Evangelical - 2

## Sights

* Reformed church in Lompirt (built in the 18th century)
* Reformed church in Ilișua (built in the 15th century)
* Reformed church in Sărmășag (built 1806j
* St. Nicholas Church in Moiad (c. 1936)

## Sister cities

* Soltvadkert, Hungary
# Bardzruni

39°31′15″N 45°28′56″E﻿ / ﻿39.52083°N 45.48222°E﻿ / 39.52083; 45.48222
Bardzruni (Armenian: Բարձրունի) is a village in the Vayk Municipality of the Vayots Dzor Province of Armenia. The village is located close to the Armenia–Azerbaijan border.

## Etymology

The village was previously known as Sultanbek.

## Gallery

* View of Mount Sangyar from Bardzruni
* Chapel in Bardzruni
* 14th-15th century church
* Memorial spring to the fallen in WWII
* 16th century Khachkars
# Zelenyi Hai, Komar rural hromada, Volnovakha Raion, Donetsk Oblast

Zelenyi Hai (Ukrainian: Зелений Гай) is a village in Volnovakha Raion of Donetsk Oblast in eastern Ukraine.
Until 18 July 2020, Zelenyi Hai was located in Velyka Novosilka Raion. The raion was abolished that day as part of the administrative reform of Ukraine, which reduced the number of raions of Donetsk Oblast to eight, of which only five were controlled by the government. The area of Velyka Novosilka Raion was merged into Volnovakha Raion.

## Demographics

Native language as of the Ukrainian Census of 2001:
* Ukrainian 89.40%
* Russian 10.38%
# Vassilakis

Vassilakis (Greek: Βασιλάκης) is a Greek surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Adamantios Vassilakis (1942–2021), Greek diplomat
* Christian Vassilakis (born 2001), Spanish footballer
* Panayiotis Vassilakis (1925–2019), also known as Takis, Greek artist

## See also

MV Vassilakis (1937), a Greek cargo ship
# Malotaranivka

Malotaranivka (Ukrainian: Малотаранівка) is a rural settlement in Kramatorsk Raion, Donetsk Oblast, eastern Ukraine. Population: 3,768 (2022 estimate).

## Demographics

Native language as of the Ukrainian Census of 2001:
* Ukrainian 68.76%
* Russian 30.76%
* Armenian 0.72%
* Belarusian 0.18%
* Moldovan (Romanian) 0.05%
# Silfaya

Silfaya or Selfaya (Arabic: سلفايا), is a village in Aley District in the Mount Lebanon Governorate of Lebanon. It is a predominantly Maronite community. As of 2022, the settlement had 1,128 registered voters, 95 of whom were registered Diaspora voters.
# Antireligioznik

Antireligioznik (Russian: «Антирелигиозник»; translation: Opponent of religion, lit. Antireligionist) was a monthly scientific and methodical atheistic magazine in Russian, the organ of the Central Council of the League of Militant Atheists of the USSR, and was published in Moscow from January 1926 to June 1941.
The editor of the publication was Y. M. Yaroslavsky. Antireligioznik systematically covered the experience of the atheistic work of the League of Militant Atheists, published articles on the history of religion and atheism, propagated scientific atheism, and addressed from a Marxist standpoint questions of criticism of religion.
Antireligioznik had a volume of about 130 pages, consisting of articles with headings such as "Anti-religious education in school", "Letters from the field", "Chronicle", "Methodology of anti-religious propaganda", and "Criticism and bibliography." Among the magazine's authors were V. D. Bonch-Bruevich, N. K. Krupskaya, A. T. Lukachevsky (deputy editor), and activists of the League of Militant Atheists. The section "Chronicle" contained detailed information on the League of Militant Atheists' actions in various regions of the USSR. In the section "Criticism and Bibliography", reviews were published on books of anti-religious content (Ateist, Bezbozhnik and others), and reviews of current publications on atheistic topics were given. The magazine developed the ideological foundations of mass atheist propaganda, directed primarily against Orthodoxy carried out through the lower organizations (cells) of the LMG. Antireligioznik also published articles and notes directed against Catholicism and Protestantism.
After 1960, the USSR published the magazine Nauka i religiya [ru] (Russian: «Наука и религия», lit. Science and Religion).
# Ohrigstad

Ohrigstad (Afrikaans for Ohrig city), formerly Andries Ohrig Stad, is a small town to the north of Lydenburg in the Limpopo province, South Africa.

## History

A fort was established by a group of Voortrekkers under the leadership of Andries Hendrik Potgieter with the help of a Dutch merchant Gregorius Ohrig. The settlers arrived in 1845 and were soon afterwards decimated by malaria and forced to abandon the area. Settlers only returned once the disease was under control. On the 14 May 1873, the area was proclaimed as a public gold field after the discovery of gold in the Selati River.
The Voortrekker, Pieter Willem Prinsloo, who left the Cape between 20 June 1837 and the end of March 1838, registered a farm Dorenhoek in the Ohrigstad area on 16 March 1846.

## Tourism

The Echo Caves are situated close to the town.
# Agemian

Agemian (Armenian: Աճեմյան) is an Armenian surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Ariel Agemian (1904–1963), Armenian artist
* Charles A. Agemian (1909–1996), Armenian-American banker
# John Carmichael, 1st Earl of Hyndford

John Carmichael, 1st Earl of Carmichael (28 February 1638 – 20 September 1710), known as Lord Carmichael between 1672 and 1701, when he was created the 1st Earl of Hyndford, was a Scottish nobleman and politician.
He succeeded his grandfather, James Carmichael, 1st Lord Carmichael (1579–1672), as second Lord Carmichael in 1672. He was Keeper of the Privy Seal of Scotland from 1689 to 1690, Lord High Commissioner to the General Assembly of the Church of Scotland in 1690, 1694, and 1699, and Chancellor of the University of Glasgow from 1692 to 1713. He was Secretary of State from 1699 to 1702, and supported the Union with England. He was a colonel of Dragoons from 1693 to 1697. His wife was Beatrix Drummond, a daughter of the 3rd Lord Maderty and Lady Beatrice Graham. Their daughter Beatrix married John Cockburn of Ormiston.
# Allie Wrubel

Elias Paul "Allie" Wrubel (January 15, 1905 – December 13, 1973) was an American composer and songwriter.

## Biography

Wrubel was born to a Jewish family in Middletown, Connecticut, United States, the son of Regina (née Glasscheib) and Isaac Wrubel. His family founded the Wrubels department store in Middletown, Connecticut. He attended Wesleyan University and Columbia University before working in dance bands. "After earning his bachelor’s degree in 1926, Allie enrolled in graduate music studies at Columbia University. He roomed with his close friend, film actor James Cagney [a former Columbia undergrad], and began playing with bands in Greenwich Village and making the rounds on Tin Pan Alley." He played saxophone and clarinet for a variety of famous swing bands. In 1934 he moved to Hollywood to work for Warner Bros. as a contract songwriter. He contributed material to a large number of movies, including those of the famous Busby Berkeley before moving to Disney in 1947.
Wrubel collaborated with lyricist Ray Gilbert on the song "Zip-a-Dee-Doo-Dah", from the film Song of the South, which won the Oscar for Best Song in 1947.
Wrubel also contributed to the films Make Mine Music, Duel in the Sun, I Walk Alone, Melody Time, Tulsa, Never Steal Anything Small and Midnight Lace. The lyricists with whom he collaborated included Abner Silver, Herb Magidson, Charles Newman, Mort Dixon and Ned Washington. When he died, from a heart attack aged 68, in Twentynine Palms, California, he left a lengthy catalogue of songs.
Allie Wrubel was inducted into the Songwriters Hall of Fame in 1970. His best-known songs include:
* "Breakin' My Back Putting Up A Front For You"
* "Cleanin' My Rifle (Dreamin' Of You)"
* "Gone with the Wind"
* "Farewell to Arms"
* "Flirtation Walk"
* "I Met Her on Monday"
* "I'll Buy That Dream"
* "Mine Alone"
* "Music Maestro Please"
* "The Lady from 29 Palms"
* "The Lady in Red"
* "The Masquerade Is Over"
* "Zip-a-Dee-Doo-Dah"
# UVRAG

UV radiation resistance-associated gene protein is a protein that in humans is encoded by the UVRAG gene.
This gene complements the ultraviolet sensitivity of xeroderma pigmentosum group C cells and encodes a protein with a C2 domain. The protein activates the Beclin1-PI(3)KC3 complex, promoting autophagy and suppressing the proliferation and tumorigenicity of human colon cancer cells.
Chromosomal aberrations involving this gene are associated with left-right axis malformation and mutations in this gene have been associated with colon cancer.
# Herman ze German

Herman ze German (2008–2020) was a small chain of fast food restaurants offering German sausage dishes. At its peak it comprised four locations in London as well as one in Birmingham and in addition operated a food truck in Lörrach, Germany.
The restaurants offered a small number of mostly meat based fast food dishes popular in Germany, such as Currywurst, Bockwurst or Schnitzel. They were offered with french fries, bread, coleslaw or sauerkraut as side dishes. The meat was imported from butchers in Southern Germany.
According to the owners, the brand was forced to close all its restaurants in the UK permanently as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic.
# DocBook XSL

The DocBook XSL stylesheets are a set of XSLT stylesheets for the XML-based DocBook language.

## Purpose

DocBook is a semantic markup language. That is, it specifies the meaning of the elements in a document, not how they are intended to be presented to the end user. It provides separation between the content of the document and the visual representation. While DocBook is a readable markup language, it is not intended to be read by end-users in its DocBook form.
The purpose of DocBook XSL is to provide a standard set of transformations from DocBook to several presentational formats.

## Output formats

DocBook XSL provides for transforms into the following formats:
* HTML, both as single pages and in a "chunked" format that outputs sections to different pages.
* XHTML
* XSL-FO, and from there, usually PDF
* Man Pages
* WebHelp

### Web help

Webhelp is a chunked HTML output format in the DocBook xslt stylesheets that was introduced in version 1.76.1. The documentation for web help also provides an example of web help and is part of the DocBook xsl distribution. Its major features include CSS-based page layout without frameset, multilingual full content search, Table of contents (TOC) pane with collapsible TOC tree, Auto-synchronization of content pane and TOC. This web help format was originally implemented by Kasun Gajasinghe and David Cramer as part of the Google Summer of Code 2010 program.
DocBook XSL also has transformations to slide-like formats for HTML and XSL-FO. EPUB support is currently experimental.

## Configuration

DocBook XSL's stylesheets are highly configurable. Each of the different formats has a number of XSLT parameters available for simple customization. For example, the XSL-FO transforms allow the user to define the size of the pages. Additionally, the XSLT documents themselves are modular; it is possible for the user to add, change, or replace particular levels of functionality. This can allow DocBook XSL to process new documentation tags added to the standard DocBook, or to simply change how the XSLTs generate the resulting format.
# Teen Choice Award for Choice Female Hottie

Teen Choice Award for Choice Female Hottie is one of many awards given at the Teen Choice Awards.
The following is a list of Teen Choice Awards winners and nominees for Choice Music - Female Hottie. Selena Gomez holds the record for 8 nominations and 3 wins. Britney Spears is the youngest winner in 2000 at the age of 18. Jennifer Lopez is the oldest winner in 2001 at the age of 32.

## Winners and nominees
### 1999

| Year | Winner | Nominees | Ref. |
| 1999 | Jennifer Love Hewitt | Drew Barrymore Kirsten Dunst Sarah Michelle Gellar Katie Holmes Keri Russell Britney Spears Reese Witherspoon | |

### 2000s

| Year | Winner | Nominees |
| 2000 | Britney Spears | Christina Aguilera Rachael Leigh Cook Sarah Michelle Gellar Jennifer Love Hewitt Lil' Kim Jennifer Lopez Jessica Simpson |
| 2001 | Jennifer Lopez | Aaliyah Jessica Alba Anna Kournikova Lucy Liu Tara Reid Britney Spears Gwen Stefani |
| 2002 | Britney Spears | Jessica Alba Jennifer Aniston Beyoncé Cameron Diaz Sarah Michelle Gellar Jennifer Lopez Reese Witherspoon |
| 2003 | Beyoncé | Jessica Alba Hilary Duff Amanda Bynes Jennifer Garner Jennifer Lopez Britney Spears Gwen Stefani |
| 2004 | Jessica Simpson | Jessica Alba Beyoncé Kate Hudson Keira Knightley Rachel McAdams Eva Mendes Britney Spears |
| 2005 | Rachel Bilson | Jessica Alba Beyoncé Angelina Jolie Lindsay Lohan Eva Longoria Christina Milian Jessica Simpson |
| 2006 | Jessica Alba | Rachel Bilson Scarlett Johansson Eva Longoria Rihanna Jessica Simpson |
| 2007 | Jessica Alba | Jessica Biel Megan Fox Hayden Panettiere Rihanna |
| 2008 | Vanessa Hudgens | Megan Fox Blake Lively Hayden Panettiere Rihanna |
| 2009 | Megan Fox | Beyoncé Miley Cyrus Vanessa Hudgens Blake Lively |

### 2010s

| Year | Winner | Nominees |
| 2010 | Megan Fox | Jessica Biel Scarlett Johansson Kim Kardashian Katy Perry |
| 2011 | Selena Gomez | Nina Dobrev Kim Kardashian Minka Kelly Mila Kunis |
| 2012 | Miley Cyrus | Selena Gomez Katy Perry Rihanna Kate Upton |
| 2013 | Selena Gomez | Miley Cyrus Megan Fox Mila Kunis Demi Lovato |
| 2014 | Selena Gomez | Beyoncé Ariana Grande Kendall Jenner Rihanna Bella Thorne |
| 2015 | Fifth Harmony | Miley Cyrus Cara Delevingne Selena Gomez Rihanna Taylor Swift |
| 2016 | Kendall Jenner | Hailey Baldwin Selena Gomez Gigi Hadid Demi Lovato Bella Thorne |
| 2017 | Camila Cabello | Selena Gomez Paris Jackson Deepika Padukone Rihanna Zendaya |
| 2018 | Lauren Jauregui | Hailey Baldwin Selena Gomez Olivia Holt Kendall Jenner Yara Shahidi |
# Democratic Alliance List

The Democratic Alliance List (Arabic: قائمة التحالف الديمقراطي), also referred to as the Democratic Alliance Forces (قوى التحالف الديمقراطي) or just the Democratic Alliance (التحالف الديمقراطي), was a coalition launched before the Palestinian local government elections that were initially scheduled for October 2016, consisting of five left-wing Palestinian factions:
* Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine (PFLP)
* Democratic Front for the Liberation of Palestine (DFLP)
* Palestinian People's Party (PPP)
* Palestinian Democratic Union (Fida), and
* Palestinian National Initiative (PNI)
along with several unaffiliated independent candidates. The Alliance was led by a Central Committee and an Advisory Board. Mohammed Hamarsheh was named coordinator of the Alliance.

## Launch

The Alliance was presented at a press conference in Ramallah on 10 August 2016, chaired by Mustafa Barghouti (General Secretary PNI), Qais Abd al-Karim (Deputy General Secretary DFLP), Bassam as-Salhi (General Secretary PPP), Khalida Jarrar (PFLP), and Zahira Kamal (Fida). Jarrar stressed that the alliance would act as a third force, seeking to overcome the Fatah-Hamas dichotomy.
Its candidature was officially registered with the Central Election Commission on 16 August 2016, the first day of registrations. The Alliance was assigned the letter Aleph (أ), the first letter of the Arabic alphabet, as its ballot symbol.

## Campaign and lists

On the night of 23 August 2016, unknown gunmen reportedly opened fire on the residence of Nureddin Khalaf, the top candidate of the Alliance in Burqin municipality, Jenin Governorate.
On 25 August 2016, the Alliance submitted to the Central Election Commission its candidate list for the Gaza Strip, and indicated that Majida Al-Masri would head its list in the Nablus municipality. In the Jenin municipality, the Alliance nominated PNI activist Mohammad Abu Al-Hija as its top candidate.
In the Al-Bireh municipality, the Alliance declared that they were continuing the work of the previous 'Al-Bireh for All' list from past elections. Jamal Al-Nasar was named number-one on the Alliance list in the municipality.

## Postponement of polls

On 8 September 2016, the Ramallah High Court of Justice postponed the local elections indefinitely. The Democratic Alliance List and its constituent parties criticized the court ruling.

## Election results

At the elections, which took place on 13 May 2017, the Alliance won 5 of the 3,253 contested seats, gaining 0.32% of the votes.

## Symbol

The symbol of the Democratic Alliance List resembles a dove in Palestinian national colours with the head shaped as the ballot symbol of the list, the letter Aleph. The text reads "Palestine deserves the Democratic Alliance".
# List of mangroves of Sri Lanka

The mangroves of Sri Lanka are a part of the diverse brackish water plant wildlife of Sri Lanka.
Mangroves are shrubs or small trees that usually grow in varied regions of tropical and subtropical coastal waters, where saline water and freshwater meet, creating brackish water. Mangroves are halophytes, which are adapted to harsh coastal life conditions. They contain a complex salt filtration system and complex root system to cope with salt water immersion and wave action. They are adapted to the low oxygen (anoxic) conditions of waterlogged mud.
The mangrove ecosystem or commonly mangal, is found at the river mouths bordering lagoons, estuaries, or on sheltered shores. Some of the most common adaptations of mangroves are as follows:
* They have prop roots which emerge from branches and stilt roots which emerge from the stem. Both types of roots help to anchor the plant and to filer salt.
* Some roots, known as pneumatophores, grow upwards from the soil. They have numerous apertures through which gases are exchanged. Some species have knee roots that perform this function.
* All mangroves show the germination process called vivipary. Because of the unfavorable conditions, the hypocotyl of the seed grows while it is still attached to the parent plant. When it is released, it either gets stuck in the mud or floats upright before it settles down.
* Mangrove plants show xeromorphic characteristics such as highly cutinized epidermis, extensive water storage tissues, and salt-excreting glands.
Mangrove swamps have several ecological functions. Mangroves tend to accumulate sediment. Fine particles trapped in the root systems become permanently deposited. They are also very productive communities, with an aquatic productivity and litter fall. Most of the plant material gradually decays and enriches the adjacent waters through detritus food chains. Thus mangrove ecosystems are called energy-subsidized ecosystems. They serve as nursery grounds for many marine fish and crustaceans. Mangrove timber is valuable since it contains tannins and is resistant to insect attacks. Mangrove clams and oysters are a source of lime and food, as well as fish and crustaceans.
Sri Lanka is an island with a great diversity of lagoons, and estuaries. There is a well-developed mangrove ecosystem throughout the coastal belt. About 28 species of true mangroves and 18 mangrove associates have been recorded and many of them are shrubs, shorter than 10 m. Most of the mangroves of Sri Lanka belong to the families Rhizophoraceae and Avicenniaceae. Mangrove associates are largely members of the family Acanthaceae.
# Operophtera fagata

Operophtera fagata, the northern winter moth, is a moth of the family Geometridae. It is widespread through much of Europe.

## Geographic distribution

This species’ range extends through central and northern Europe to southeast Russia. It is widespread in the UK and Northern Ireland.

## Habitat

In Europe, this species prefers common beech woodland, but will also use birch. The larvae feed on apple (Malus), plum, cherry (Prunus), birch (Betula), lime (Tilia), beech (Fagus).

## Morphology
### Egg

The oval egg is blunt at the micropyle end and has a strongly reticulated surface. It is pale green at first, becoming pale orange.

### Caterpillar

The larva is initially greenish black with white lines along the body and black or dark brown head. It gradually becomes more yellowish green.

### Pupa

The pupa is yellowish brown and larger than in O. brumata. The cremaster comprises a short, stout shaft with long divergent spikes.

### Adult

The adult male measures up to 33 mm in body length. The forewings are silvery greyish brown with dark brown crossbands. The hindwing is yellowish white. The head and body are pale yellowish brown. The female is smaller and has greatly reduced wings, so is flightless.

## Similar species

This species morphologically resembles its congener Operophtera brumata, but males of O. fagata are slightly larger and do not have the brown underwings characteristic of Operophtera brumata. Microscopically, there are also clear differences in the morphology of the genitalia between the two species. In O. fagata, the uncus is more pointed with a broader and flatter base that is more triangular in O. brumata (Kellner, 2005). Although co-occurring in the same habitat with overlapping flight times, the two species do not interbreed, which is probably because females produce species-specific pheromones that attract males of only their own species.

## Reproduction and life history

From mid-May until early June, mature larvae fall from trees to the woodland floor to pupate in the soil. They remain there until October and November when adults emerge to reproduce. Wingless females crawl up tree trunks, while males fly in swarms at night to encounter females to mate with. Females lay eggs on twigs close to leaf buds in November, where they overwinter. In the UK, adults are active October - December. The larvae hatch April – May, which in Europe happens at the same time as birch leaves come out.

## Pest status

The larva of this moth can be a serious pest of fruit trees in northern Britain by attacking the foliage and blossom. Damage to fruit trees by defoliation is more likely when birch trees, a natural host plant, are growing nearby. In Northern and Central Europe, the larva is a serious defoliator of beech and birch plantations and can sometimes destroy whole seedling plantations.