OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Muhammad Arfan

Muhammad Arfan (born 22 January 1998) is an Indonesian professional footballer who plays as a midfielder for Liga 1 club PSM Makassar.

## Club career
### Early career

In 2010, Arfan started his football career when joined SSB Hasanudin in the 2010 Danone Nations Cup. At that time, Arfan and his team mates succeeded in bringing the champions in the regional level, which later became the representative of South Sulawesi in the national level, and ini Jakarta, they only ranked third.

### PSM Makassar

He played in 2016 Indonesia Soccer Championship U-21 and then joined the senior team of PSM Makassar. Arfan made his professional debut on 16 April 2017 in a match against Persela Lamongan. On 1 November 2021, Arfan scored his first goal for PSM in the 28th minute against Persita Tangerang at the Manahan Stadium, Surakarta.

## International career

He made his international debut for the U-23 team on 16 November 2017, against Syria U23, where he came on as a substitute. Arfan made his debut for Indonesia in an unofficial friendly match in a loss to the Syria U23 team on 18 November 2017. A week later he made his official debut on 25 November in a match against Guyana, where he came as a substitute.

## Career statistics
### Club

    As of match played 30 April 2024
| Club | Season | League | League | League | Cup | Cup | Continental | Continental | Other | Other | Total | Total |
| Club | Season | Division | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals |
| PSM Makassar | 2017 | Liga 1 | 28 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 28 | 0 |
| PSM Makassar | 2018 | Liga 1 | 11 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 11 | 0 |
| PSM Makassar | 2019 | Liga 1 | 20 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 28 | 0 |
| PSM Makassar | 2020 | Liga 1 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 5 | 0 |
| PSM Makassar | 2021–22 | Liga 1 | 31 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 31 | 2 |
| PSM Makassar | 2022–23 | Liga 1 | 33 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 4 | 0 | 4 | 0 | 41 | 0 |
| PSM Makassar | 2023–24 | Liga 1 | 31 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 35 | 0 |
| PSM Makassar | 2024–25 | Liga 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | – | – | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Career total | Career total | Career total | 156 | 2 | 3 | 0 | 16 | 0 | 4 | 0 | 179 | 2 |
* ↑ Includes Piala Indonesia
* ↑ Appearances in AFC Cup
* ↑ Appearances in Indonesia President's Cup

### International

    As of match played 25 November 2017
Appearances and goals by national team and year :
| National team | Year | Apps | Goals |
| Indonesia | 2017 | 1 | 0 |
| Total | Total | 1 | 0 |

## Honours
### Club

PSM Makassar
* Liga 1: 2022–23
* Piala Indonesia: 2018–19

### International

Indonesia
* Aceh World Solidarity Cup runner-up: 2017
# 2009 Pendet controversy

An advertisement for the Discovery Channel program Enigmatic Malaysia in 2009 featured Balinese Pendet dancers, wrongly identifying the Pendet dance as Malaysian. This mistake caused public outrage in Indonesia, leading to protests and requests for an apology from Malaysia.

## Background
### August 2009: Advertisement and Initial Reactions

The advertisement was created by a private company in Singapore for Discovery Channel’s *Enigmatic Malaysia* program. The incorrect label of Pendet as a Malaysian dance caused strong reactions in Indonesia, where cultural experts, government officials, and the tourism ministry demanded Malaysia explain the mistake.

### August 2009: Apology and Further Issues

The Malaysian government clarified that it was not responsible for the ad, and Discovery Channel later apologized, accepting the blame for the mistake. Indonesia’s tourism minister, Jero Wacik, however, rejected the informal apology over the phone, asking for a formal written apology to make it official.

## Reactions
### Late August 2009: Media and Public Outrage

Even after Discovery Channel’s apology, Indonesian news outlets continued to report the clip as a Malaysian government advertisement, increasing public anger. Indonesian ultra-nationalist groups, like Gemars, organized protests, collected supplies, and began military-style training for a “war” against Malaysia.

### September 2009: Security Alerts and Bendera Threats

In response to these threats, Malaysia’s National Security Council secretary, Datuk Mohamed Tajudeen Abdul Wahab, directed Malaysian military and border patrols to tighten security. This was due to the nationalist group Benteng Demokrasi Rakyat (Bendera), which had previously set up roadblocks in Menteng, Jakarta. The group threatened to “invade” Malaysia with 1,500 members carrying sharpened bamboo spears via air, land, and sea on 08/10/2009.

### University Protests and Flag Burning

Several Indonesian universities saw protests where students burned Malaysian flags, including:
* University of Palangka Raya
* Pakuan University
* Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa University
* State Islamic Institute (IAIN) of Sultan Maulana Hasanuddin, Banten
* Muhammadiyah University of Ponorogo
* University of Indonesia
* STIAMI Higher School
* August 17 University of Banyuwangi
* Sunan Giri University
* Riyadlotul Mujahidin Islamic Institute
* August 17 University of Samarinda

### Diplomatic Communication and Security Assurances

The Malaysian Foreign Minister contacted the Indonesian ambassador to explain Malaysia’s concerns about the safety of Malaysian citizens in Indonesia. In response, Indonesian authorities, including the Chief of the Indonesian National Police, assured Malaysia they would protect Malaysians in Indonesia.
# Sören Dieckmann

Sören Dieckmann (born 16 January 1996) is a German professional footballer who plays as a left-back for Hoffenheim II.

## Career

In January 2019, Dieckmann moved from Borussia Dortmund II to 2. Bundesliga club SV Sandhausen. He made his professional debut for Sandhausen in the 2. Bundesliga on 30 January 2019, starting in the away match against Hamburger SV before being substituted out in the 58th minute for Fabian Schleusener, with the match finishing as a 2–1 loss.
# Forotic

Forotic (Hungarian: Forotik) is a commune in Caraș-Severin County, Banat, Romania with a population of 1,488 people as of 2021. It is composed of four villages: Brezon (Bársonyfalva), Comorâște (Komornok), Forotic, and Surducu Mare (Nagyszurduk).
The commune is located on the western side of Caraș-Severin County, 44 km (27 mi) from the county seat, Reșița. To the southwest is borders Serbia, and to the west it borders Timiș County.
# Qaid ibn Hammad

Qaid ibn Hammad ibn Buluggin (Arabic: قائد بن حماد بن بلكين), (Qayid bin Hammad bin bolowjin) was the second Hammadid ruler in what is now Algeria.

## Life

He succeeded his father Hammad ibn Buluggin in 1028. He named his brother Yusuf as governor of North Africa, and another brother, Ouighlan, governor of Hamza. In 1038 he was attacked by Hammama, lord of Fes but pushed him back after which Hammama requested peace and declared his submission to the Hammadids. Four years later, he signed a treaty of peace with the Zirid Al-Mu'izz ibn Badis, who had moved against him from Kairouan.
In 1048, when al-Muizz declared himself subject of the Abbasid caliph of Baghdad, Qaid confirmed his allegiance to the Fatimid caliphs of Egypt, obtaining by caliph Ma'ad al-Mustansir Billah the title of Sharaf al-Dawla.
He died in 1054, and was succeeded by his son Muhsin ibn Qaid.
# Tom White (footballer, born 1924)

Thomas White (10 November 1924 – 1998) was an English professional footballer who played as an inside forward for Sunderland.
# Wilf Charlton

Wilfred Sydney Charlton (12 September 1933 – January 2016) was an English footballer who played as a wing half in the Football League for Southport and Tranmere Rovers. He was on the books of Portsmouth and Huddersfield Town without representing either in the League, and also played for Sankeys.
# Antigonus of Cumae

Antigonus (Ancient Greek: Ἀντίγονος) of Cumae in Magna Graecia was an ancient Greek writer on agriculture, who is referred to by Pliny, Varro, and Columella, but whose age is unknown.
# Nikolai Lebedev (film director)

Nikolai Igorevich Lebedev (Russian: Николай Игоревич Лебедев; born 16 November 1966) is a Russian film director, screenwriter and film producer. Born in Kishinev, Moldavian SSR, Soviet Union (now Chișinău in Moldova).
He is best known as the director, writer, and producer of Wolfhound (2007) and Legend № 17 (2013), both of which became well grossing films in Russian cinema. Other films include the critically lauded drama The Star (2002), the drama film Soundtrack of Passion (2009), and the disaster film Flight Crew (2016).

## Filmography

| Year | Title | Functioned as | Functioned as | Functioned as | Functioned as |
| Year | Title | Director | Writer | Producer | Role |
| 1997 | Snake Spring | Yes | Yes | Yes | |
| 1999 | The Admirer | Yes | Yes | Yes | |
| 2002 | The Star | Yes | Yes | Yes | |
| 2005 | The Iris Effect | Yes | Yes | Yes | |
| 2007 | Wolfhound | Yes | Yes | Yes | |
| 2008 | Apostol (TV, 2008) | Yes | Yes | Yes | |
| 2009 | Soundtrack of Passion | Yes | Yes | Yes | |
| 2013 | Legend № 17 | Yes | Yes | Yes | |
| 2016 | Flight Crew | Yes | Yes | Yes | |
| 2023 | Nuremberg | Yes | Yes | | |
# A Tower

An A Tower (German: A-Turm) was a standard type of communication tower that was built in all provinces (Bezirke) of East Germany during the 1950s. These towers were 25 metres high, their roofs were equipped with a host of antennas and were painted green. Several had wooden cladding.
In the second half of the 1950s, the Central Committee (ZK) of the Socialist Unity Party of Germany (SED) began building its own communications system, the Richtfunknetz der Partei (RFN) which was totally independent of all other communication networks. There were two levels of network:
* Network Level 1: a network of microwave links from the ZK in Berlin to all SED provincial headquarters and
* Network Level 2: from the provincial HQs to all county HQs.
Their construction was prompted by the events of the popular uprising in East Germany on 17 June 1953. In all provinces of the GDR, apart from the urban conurbations, microwave communication centres (BzRFuZ) were established, initially in old barracks and, later, in the towers.
All BzRFuZ were given the designation "A1" prefixed by the respective provincial code number, for example, the Totenstein near Karl-Marx-Stadt was designated as 14A1. In the mid-1960s, the NVA joined the system with their own narrowband radio relay network. Both systems were only communication networks over which telephone and teleprinter circuits were operated. The towers in these networks were not used for surveillance.
Due to electronic eavesdropping of these networks by communications intelligence elements of the Bundeswehr and other NATO forces during the 1960s, the use of both networks was technically very restricted. The special radio service of the Stasi may have used the same towers for training purposes. The area around the A towers of the narrowband radio relay network was a military out-of-bounds area and was guarded against unauthorized access. Trespassing and the taking of photographs were punishable.
After the Wende the buildings were initially taken over by the Federal Ministry of Post and Telecommunications. Some of them were used by providers of mobile networks. Later they were developed or converted but continued to be used as telecommunications facilities.

## Locations

The following list shows a selection of the various locations of these towers.
* Stralsund
* Passee
* Klein Upahl
* Blumenholz
* Gühlen
* Oderberg-Hochsaalen
* Platzfelde
* Fleetmark
* Kammern
* Dolle
* Phöben near Werder (Havel)
* Trebbin
* Fürstenwalde
* Frohser Berg near Schönebeck
* Brocken
* Raben
* Ochsenkopf
* Petkus
* Petersberg bei Halle
* Crinitz
* Belgern
* Machern
* Nebra (Unstrut)
* Pettstädt
* Ettersberg
* Großer Inselsberg
* Schneekopf
* Eyba
* Altenburg
* Hohe Reuth (Bocka)
* Erlabrunn near Zwickau
* Netzschkau
* Auersberg
* Totenstein near Chemnitz
* Zschopau
* Dresden-Gompitz
* Frauenstein (Ore Mountains)
* Wilthen
* Ebersbach
# Sátoraljaújhely District

Sátoraljaújhely (Hungarian: Sátoraljaújhelyi járás) is a district in north-eastern part of Borsod-Abaúj-Zemplén County. Sátoraljaújhely is also the name of the town where the district seat is found. The district is located in the Northern Hungary Statistical Region.

## Geography

Sátoraljaújhely District borders with the Slovakian region of Košice to the northeast, Cigánd District and Sárospatak District to the south, Gönc District to the west. The number of the inhabited places in Sátoraljaújhely District is 21.

## Municipalities

The district has 2 towns and 19 villages. (ordered by population, as of 1 January 2012)
* Alsóberecki (722)
* Alsóregmec (196)
* Bózsva (183)
* Felsőberecki (273)
* Felsőregmec (322)
* Filkeháza (97)
* Füzér (467)
* Füzérkajata (110)
* Füzérkomlós (331)
* Füzérradvány (318)
* Hollóháza (826)
* Kishuta (272)
* Kovácsvágás (649)
* Mikóháza (576)
* Nagyhuta (89)
* Nyíri (412)
* Pálháza (1,000)
* Pusztafalu (192)
* Sátoraljaújhely (15,355) – district seat
* Vágáshuta (83)
* Vilyvitány (230)
The bolded municipalities are cities.

## Demographics

Religion in Sátoraljaújhely District (2011 census)
In 2011, it had a population of 23,058 and the population density was 72/km².
| Year | County population | Change |
| 2011 | 23,058 | n/a |

### Ethnicity

Besides the Hungarian majority, the main minorities are the Roma (approx. 3,000), Slovak (800), German (200) and Rusyn (150).
Total population (2011 census): 23,058 Ethnic groups (2011 census): Identified themselves: 24,811 persons:
* Hungarians: 20,723 (83.52%)
* Gypsies: 2,780 (11.20%)
* Slovaks: 784 (3.16%)
* Others and indefinable: 524 (2.11%)
Approx. 2,000 persons in Sátoraljaújhely District did declare more than one ethnic group at the 2011 census.

### Religion

Religious adherence in the county according to 2011 census:
* Catholic – 11,135 (Roman Catholic – 8,372; Greek Catholic – 2,762);
* Reformed – 4,885;
* Evangelical – 45;
* other religions – 372;
* Non-religious – 2,001;
* Atheism – 106;
* Undeclared – 4,514.

## Gallery

* Sátoraljaújhely, the district seat
* Aerial view of Hollóháza
* Károlyi Mansion in Füzérradvány
* Füzér Castle
# Joseph Wheless

Joseph Wheless (Montgomery County, Tennessee 1868–1950) was an American lawyer who wrote promoting the Jesus myth theory during the early years of the 20th century.
He was son of Joseph Wheless Sr. (1830–1899), grandson of Aquilla Wheless. His mother Myra McCall, died when he was young, and his brothers and sisters were by his father's second wife. Wheless was raised Southern Methodist but later questioned the verity of the scriptures, studying their sources in detail. As a lawyer he defended American free-thinking and atheist organizations, was instructor in military jurisprudence at the University of Arkansas and held the rank of major in the department of the Judge Advocate General.
Also self-taught, Wheless was a successful lawyer and a very outspoken Jesus-was-a-myth writer. He studied for the bar while articled in his uncle's firm. Wheless served as counsel for several American free-thinking organizations and defended many cases involving issues of atheism. A specialist in South American law, he was also for some time an instructor in military jurisprudence at the University of Arkansas and a major in the Judge Advocate General's Department. For his writing on religious topics, he received the honorary DD from the University of Denver. According to Wheless not only had no one called Jesus ever lived, but Christianity and the Bible are based on deliberate fraud, Christianity's continued existence is a conspiracy using persecution and oppression to perpetuate itself, to enslave people.

## Works

* Is it God's Word 1926
* Debunking the Law of Moses 1929
* Forgery in Christianity 1930
# Manderek

Manderek (Persian: مندرك, also Romanized as Mandrak and Menderek) is a village in Hasanabad Rural District, in the Central District of Eslamabad-e Gharb County, Kermanshah Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 313, in 64 families.
# Hiroshi Omori

Hiroshi Omori (大森 博, Omori Hiroshi, born 10 September 2002) is a Japanese footballer currently playing, as a midfielder for Fukushima United.

## Career

Hiroshi Omori learned to play soccer in the school teams of Toneri Secondary School and Shutoku High School. He signed his first contract with Tokushima Vortis in February 2021. The club from Tokushima, a city in Tokushima Prefecture, played in the Japanese first division. At the end of 2021, he was relegated to the second division with the club without playing. In July 2022, he moved to third-division club Fukushima United FC on loan. Hiroshi Omori made his third division debut for the club from Fukushima on July 30, 2022 (matchday 19) in a home game against FC Imabari. He was substituted for Hiroki Higuchi in the 74th minute of the 1-1 draw.

## Career statistics
### Club

    As of 23 February 2022.
| Club | Season | League | League | League | National Cup | National Cup | League Cup | League Cup | Other | Other | Total | Total |
| Club | Season | Division | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals |
| Tokushima Vortis | 2022 | J2 League | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
| Career total | Career total | Career total | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 |

#### Notes

* ↑ Appearances in the J.League Cup
# Bourse at Bruges

The bourse at Bruges (Latin: bursa Brugensis, Dutch: Huis ter Beurze) is the first bourse in the world, established in Bruges (in today's Belgium) the 13th-century.

## History
### Inception

The exchange was owned by Van der Beurze [nl] family. Traders and foreign merchants from across Europe, especially the Italian Republics of Genoa, Florence and Venice, conducted business at this venue in the late medieval period. The building, which was established by Robert van der Beurze as a hostelry, had operated from 1285.

### Decline

In the 16th century, Antwerp took over the role of trade center from Bruges. The Bourse of Antwerp was first opened in 1531 as the world's first purpose-built commodity exchange.

### Changes to the building

During the 18th century, the façade of the Huis ter Beurze was rebuilt with a wide frontage of pilasters. However, in 1947 it was restored to its original medieval appearance.

## Etymology, family coat of arms

The exchange managers became famous for offering judicious financial advice to the traders and merchants who frequented the building. This service became known as the "Beurze Purse" which is the basis of bourse, meaning an organized place of exchange. Eventually, the building became solely a place for trading in commodities.
The coat of arms of the van der Beurze family depicts three purses (Flemish: buerzen, Greek: birsa, Latin: bursa) and thereby gave both the family its name and gave rise to the word 'bourse'
# Sigehard (patriarch of Aquileia)

Sigehard or Sieghard (died on 12 August 1077) was patriarch of Aquileia from 1068 to 1077. He was the member of a Bavarian noble family with estates in Chiemgau.
Sigehard remained faithful to Henry IV during the investiture controversy between the Popes and the Holy Roman Emperors. For his loyalty, Henry rewarded Sigehard with the investiture of the Friulan county on 3 April 1077. Struck with a sudden illness, the patriarch died in Ulm a few months after.
With Sigehard the Patriarchs of Aquileia became the direct vassals of the Emperors; their power now extended over a territory which was subject only to their jurisdiction. The territory then constituted an ecclesiastical and political "imperial and Italian principality" (Patriarchal State of Aquileia).
# Stare Davydkovo

Stare Davydkovo (Ukrainian: Стáре Давидкóво, Russian: Стáрое Давыдкóво, Hungarian: Ódávidháza) is a small farming village in the suburbs of Mukachevo (Munkács) in Zakarpattia Oblast, Ukraine. Historically, it was part of the Kingdom of Hungary from the 11th century until 1918, when it was called Ó-Dávidháza. The administrative district center was in the nearby village of Palanok and all events of birth, marriage and death were recorded there.
It was located in Bereg megyé (county) and Munkácsi járás (district). It then became part of Czechoslovakia (1918–1938) when the region was referred to as Podkarpatská Rus (Sub-Carpathia), and called Stare Davidkovo. The region reverted to Hungary during World War II, and was then annexed to the Soviet Union in 1945 until Ukrainian independence in 1991. Today, it is part of Mukachevskiy (Mukachivs'kyy) rayon (district) and the Zakarpats'ka oblast (county) of Ukraine.
Other spellings/names for Stare Davydkovo are: Staroye Davidkovo, Stare Davydkove, Davikova Sztaroje, Sztaroje Davidovo. In Yiddish, Stare Davydkovo was referred to as Kleina Davidkif.
Stare Davydkovo was and still remains a small village of only a couple streets, bordering the road from Mukacheve to Uzhhorod, about 4 miles W of Mukacheve.
# Pic de Nore

The pic de Nore (Occitan: Nòra) at 1,211 metres (3,973 ft) is the highest point in the Montagne Noire, on the border of the Aude and Tarn departments, near to the Parc naturel régional du Haut-Languedoc in southern France. The Arnette and Clamoux rivers both have their sources on the slopes.

## Landmarks

The main feature of the summit is the 102 metre transmission tower, which broadcasts:
* FM : 4 transmitters at 80 kW PAR.
* Analogue TV: 1 transmitter in VHF at 100 kW PAR / 2 transmitters in UHF at 56 kW PAR / 3 transmitters in UHF at 160 kW PAR / 1 transmitter in UHF at 205 kW PAR.
* Digital TV: 5 transmitters in UHF at 8 kW PAR.

## Cycling

Since 2002 the summit is the finishing line for two timed climbs from Mazamet and Villegly (flat until Cabrespine).
The current record holder for both routes is Michel Ambrosini:
* Mazamet (via Pradelles): 52'30 "(28.57 km/h)
* Cabrespine: 40'52 "(25.69 km/h)
The climb from Cabrespine is 17.5 km long with a 5.2% average gradient.
The climb from Mazamet is 17 km long with a 5.7% average gradient.
The climb up the slopes of Mas Cabardès, is shorter, at 15.1 km with a 6.1% average gradient but with some very difficult passages over 13%.
The Tour de France passed over the summit for the first time on Stage 15 of the 2018 tour.
# La Rochette, Hautes-Alpes

La Rochette (French pronunciation: ; Occitan: La Rocheta) is a commune in the Hautes-Alpes department in southeastern France. It is located about 10 km north east of Gap.
# Diacria (Euboea)

Diacria or Diakria (Ancient Greek: Διακρία) was a town of ancient Euboea.
It is mentioned by Lycophron, who says that the territory of the Diacrians was one of the places where, according to the prophecies of Cassandra (Alexandra), shipwrecked Hellenes returning from the Trojan War would be found.
Diacria belonged to the Delian League since it appears at least on the lists of tributes to Athens of 429/8 BCE and 417/6 BCE. It is near modern Pili. Its exact location is unknown, although it has been suggested that it could be identified with a deme of Eretria called Peraea.