OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Snapshots as Souvenirs

Snapshots as Souvenirs (Bulgarian: Сни́мки за спо́мен, romanized: Snímki za spómen) is a 1976 Bulgarian drama film, by the director Rumen Surdzhiyski. The film was shot in Sofia, in the building of what is today the National Finance and Economics High School, located in "Lozenetz" quarter. Its first theatrical screening took place on 13 August, 1979.
The screenplay is based on the novel My First Summer, by Emil Manov.

## Synopsis

Snapshots as Souvenirs is a youth film, which depicts the inevitable tribulations and hurdles, through which the adolescents go through, in the complex school environment. Tribulations, which put to test concepts, such as friendship, honor and dignity. Tribulations, which will ever remain in the minds of each of us like snapshots – souvenirs for a lifetime.

## Cast and crew

Screenplay writer of the film is Atanas Tzenev. Cinematographer is Vyacheslav Anev. The production designer is Ivan Apostolov. The music of the film is composed by Bozhidar Petkov.
Cast overview:
* Elena Dimitrova – as Sashka
* Svetlana Atanasova – as Nikolina
* Mikhail Mikhaylov – as Mihail
* Iskra Genkova – as Roza
* Maya Vladigerovа – as the mother
* Rashko Mladenov – as Stanimir
* Slavka Slavova – as Mrs. Fileva – the literature teacher
* Stefan Iliev – as Todorov
* Yuriy Yakovlev – as Nikolina's father
* Maria Stefanova
* Atanas Bozhinov
* Lyuben Petrov
* Valentin Gadzhokov
* Boyka Velkova

## Review

   "With director Rumen Surdzhiyski and screenplay writers – Atanas Tzenev and Dimitar Dimitrov, as well as the rest of filmmakers, Emil Manov's novel has found faithful interpreters and adherents. The novel, which years ago gave such a lively resonance among our readers, recreated on the screen, now it will relate to many more viewers.
   Manov, Surdzhiyski and the rest of the filmmakers, apparently do not wish to caress, comfort or put us to sleep with idyllic stories and happy endings. They bother us with drama of consciousness. Their film is one of those truthful, honest works which without obsessive edification, but decisively and uncompromisingly fight for justice, strive to awake good feelings in us.
   Rumen Surdzhiyski proves that he possesses acute power of observation towards the spiritual phenomena in our society and the problems of the time we live in."
# Arthur Fortant

Arthur Fortant (14 June 1829 - 10 April 1901) was a sergeant of the French Regiment of the Guard of the field artillery.
* This biographical article related to the French military is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
# Zagreb Ladies Open

The Zagreb Ladies Open is a tournament for professional female tennis players played on outdoor clay courts. It is classified as a $60,000 ITF Women's Circuit event and has been held in Zagreb, Croatia, since 2005. The tournament returned in 2018, having not being held since 2011.

## Past finals
### Singles

| Year | Champion | Runner-up | Score |
| 2024 | Tara Würth | Lola Radivojević | 7–5, 6–3 |
| 2023 | Jaqueline Cristian | Ella Seidel | 6–1, 3–6, 7–6$^{(7–0)}$ |
| 2022 | Jule Niemeier | Réka Luca Jani | 6–2, 6–2 |
| 2021 | Anhelina Kalinina | Kamilla Rakhimova | 6–1, 6–3 |
| 2020 | Ana Konjuh | Tereza Mrdeža | 6–4, 6–2 |
| 2019 | Maryna Chernyshova | Réka Luca Jani | 6–1, 6–4 |
| 2018 | Tereza Mrdeža | Paula Ormaechea | 2–6, 6–4, 7–5 |
| 2012–17 | not held | not held | not held |
| 2011 | Dia Evtimova | Anastasia Pivovarova | 6–2, 6–2 |
| 2010 | Renata Voráčová | Magda Linette | 6–1, 4–6, 6–4 |
| 2009 | Sandra Záhlavová | Anastasija Sevastova | 6–1, 7–6$^{(7–4)}$ |
| 2008 | Petra Martić | Yvonne Meusburger | 6–2, 2–6, 6–2 |
| 2007 | Kira Nagy (2) | Ivana Lisjak | 2–6, 7–6$^{(7–3)}$, 6–2 |
| 2006 | Kira Nagy | Tathiana Garbin | 7–6$^{(7–5)}$, 3–6, 7–6$^{(7–1)}$ |
| 2005 | Zuzana Ondrášková | Tsvetana Pironkova | 4–6, 6–4, 6–3 |

### Doubles

| Year | Champions | Runners-up | Score |
| 2024 | Laura Pigossi Céline Naef | Emily Appleton Prarthana Thombare | 4–6, 6–1, [10–8] |
| 2023 | Valentini Grammatikopoulou Dalila Jakupović | Carole Monnet Antonia Ružić | 6–2, 7–5 |
| 2022 | Anastasia Dețiuc Katarina Zavatska | Lina Gjorcheska Irina Khromacheva | 6–4, 6–7$^{(5–7)}$, [11–9] |
| 2021 | Barbara Haas Katarzyna Kawa | Andreea Prisăcariu Nika Radišić | 7–6$^{(7–1)}$, 5–7, [10–6] |
| 2020 | Silvia Njirić Dejana Radanović | Valentini Grammatikopoulou Ana Sofía Sánchez | 4–6, 7–5, [10–8] |
| 2019 | Anna Bondár Paula Ormaechea | Amandine Hesse Daniela Seguel | 7–5, 7–5 |
| 2018 | Andrea Gámiz Aymet Uzcátegui | Elena Bogdan Alexandra Cadanțu | 6–3, 6–4 |
| 2012–17 | not held | not held | not held |
| 2011 | Maria João Koehler Katalin Marosi | Maria Abramović Mihaela Buzărnescu | 6–0, 6–3 |
| 2010 | Mailen Auroux Nataša Zorić | Ani Mijačika Ana Vrljić | 7–5, 5–7, [14–12] |
| 2009 | Darija Jurak Renata Voráčová | Elena Chalova Anastasia Poltoratskaya | 6–2, 7–5 |
| 2008 | Maret Ani Jelena Kostanić Tošić | Yuliya Beygelzimer Stefanie Vögele | 6–4, 6–2 |
| 2007 | Karolina Jovanović Anastasia Poltoratskaya | Danica Krstajić Teodora Mirčić | 0–6, 6–4, 6–1 |
| 2006 | Michaela Paštiková Hana Šromová | Olga Blahotová Lucie Hradecká | 4–6, 6–1, 6–2 |
| 2005 | Lucie Hradecká Vladimíra Uhlířová | Daniela Klemenschits Sandra Klemenschits | 6–2, 6–2 |
# Lapinha Biological Reserve

Lapinha Biological Reserve (Portuguese: Reserva Biológica Lapinha) is a small State Biological Reserve in the municipality of Leopoldina, Minas Gerais, Brazil.

## History

The reserve, which covers 368.7 hectares (911 acres) in the municipality of Leopoldina, Minas Gerais, was created on 23 September 1974.

## Status

The climate is tropical, with average temperatures of about 21 °C (70 °F) and average rainfall of 1,307 millimetres (51.5 in). The municipality was once covered in semi-deciduous forest of the Atlantic Forest biome, but has been severely deforested. As of 2009 the State Biological Reserve was a "strict nature reserve" under IUCN protected area category Ia.
# Scott Wallace

Scott Wallace may refer to:
* Scott Wallace (photojournalist) (born 1954), American journalist
* Scott Wallace (politician), Republican member of the New Hampshire House of Representatives
* Scott Wallace (River City), a fictional character in the TV series River City
* George Scott Wallace (1929–2011), Canadian physician and politician
* William S. Wallace (born 1946), American army general
* Wallace Scott (1924–2003), American aviator and author
* Tammy Scott-Wallace, Canadian politician
* John Wallace Scott (1832–1903), American soldier
# Wildlife refuge (Brazil)

A Wildlife refuge (Portuguese: Refúgio da Vida Silvestre) in Brazil is a type of strictly protected area of Brazil defined by law. The purpose of the wildlife refuge is to ensure survival or reproduction of a species or community of flora or fauna, with access rules defined by the administrative agency.

## Definition

In Brazil a wildlife refuge is one of the Integral Protection Units defined by Article 13 of Law No. 9,985 of 18 July 2000, National System of Conservation Units (SNUG). The refuges have the objective of protecting natural environments to ensure conditions for survival or reproduction of species or communities of local flora and local or migratory fauna. They can also be defined for natural monuments. A wildlife refuge may include privately owned land if the goals are not incompatible with the use of the land and natural resources by the owners, but the land may be expropriated if there is a conflict. Access for scientific research requires prior authorization from the administrative agency. Rules for public access are also defined by the agency.

## Selected list

| Name | Level | State | Created | Area (ha) | Biome |
| Banhado dos Pachecos | State | Rio Grande do Sul | 2002 | 2,560 | |
| Boa Nova | Federal | Bahia | 2010 | 15,024 | |
| Campos de Palmas | Federal | Paraná | 2006 | 16,582 | |
| Castanheiras Pied Tamarin | Municipal | Amazonas | 1982 | 109 | Amazon |
| Corixão da Mata Azul | State | Mato Grosso | 2001 | 40,000 | Cerrado |
| Ilha dos Lobos | Federal | Rio Grande do Sul | 1983 | 142 | Coastal marine |
| Ilhas do Abrigo e Guararitama | State | São Paulo | 2013 | 481 | Coastal marine |
| Libélulas da Serra de São José | State | Minas Gerais | 2004 | 3,717 | |
| Metrópole da Amazônia | State | Pará | 2010 | 6,367 | Amazon |
| Padre Sérgio Tonetto | State | Pará | 2016 | 339 | |
| Quelônios do Araguaia | State | Mato Grosso | 2001 | 60,000 | |
| Rio dos Frades | Federal | Bahia | 2007 | 894 | |
| Santa Cruz | Federal | Espírito Santo | 2010 | 17,741 | Coastal marine |
| Tabuleiro do Embaubal | State | Pará | 2016 | 4,034 | |
| Una | Federal | Bahia | 2007 | 23,404 | |
| Veredas do Oeste Baiano | Federal | Bahia | 2002 | 128,521 | |
# Catellus of Castellammare

Saint Catellus of Castellamare (Italian: San Catello) (9th century) was a bishop of Castellamare di Stabia. He was a close friend of Saint Antoninus of Sorrento. Tradition states that Antoninus, fleeing the Lombard invasions, headed for Campania where he ended up at Castellammare di Stabia. Here Catellus was bishop but wishing to become a hermit, gave up his office as bishop and entrusted Antoninus with the task of serving as the town's bishop. Catellus withdrew to Monte Aureo.
The desire to remain a hermit himself led Antoninus to convince Catellus to return to his see. Antoninus retired to Monte Aureo himself and lived in a natural grotto. However, Catellus again decided to withdraw to this mountain and dedicate himself only sporadically to the cares of his diocese.
An apparition of Saint Michael is said to have convinced the two to construct the stone oratory now known as Monte San Angelo or Punta San Michele.
Subsequently, Catellus was accused of witchcraft by a priest named Tibeius (Tibeio) of Stabia and was held captive at Rome until a new pope released him. Catellus returned to Stabia and dedicated himself to expanding the church that he had helped found.
Inhabitants of Sorrento, meanwhile, convinced Antoninus to settle at Sorrento. Antoninus became an abbot of the Benedictine monastery of San Agrippino, succeeding Boniface (Bonifacio) in this capacity.

## Veneration

Details of his life are based on an account written towards the end of the ninth century by an anonymous chronicler. His life is also mentioned in those sources describing that of his friend Antoninus. The Theatine father Antonio Caracciolo edited one of these in 1626.
The cult of this saint was confirmed by the Sacred Congregation on September 13, 1729.
A Chapel of San Catello is found in the Castellammare Cathedral.
# Quest of the Ancients

Quest of the Ancients is an independent role-playing game published in the late 1980s by Unicorn Game Publications.

## Gameplay

It is mainly a Dungeons & Dragons clone, in that it was character class- and level-based, used a Dungeon & Dragons style Vancian Magic system, and used a skill system similar to the Advanced Dungeons & Dragons thief skill system. Most notably, it used a thirty sided die (or d30) for combat resolution.
Written by Vince Garcia of Fresno, California, the game system implements a large number of character classes.

## Reception

Stewart Wieck reviewed Quest of the Ancients in White Wolf #28 (Aug./Sept., 1991), rating it a 3 out of 5 and stated that "This game would be deserving of extra attention if the author had included more information about the game world or even a sample adventure (a pet peeve of mine). As it is QA is a game without a world, and since there are plenty of FRPGs available, there is nothing to distinguish this one beyond being what the new edition of AD&D should have been."
# Arswendy Bening Swara

Arswendy Bening Swara Nasution (born 22 November 1957) is an Indonesian actor and acting coach. He has received various accolades, including three Citra Awards nominations. In 2022, he received the Best Actor award at the Marrakech International Film Festival for his role in Autobiography.

## Career

Swara attended the Institut Kesenian Jakarta, graduating in 1982. Since then, he had become active in Putu Wijaya's theater collective Teater Mandiri. He made his on-screen acting debut in Sjumandjaja's Opera Jakarta (1985).
Since the 2000s, he had also served as an acting coach for films, including Denias, Senandung Di Atas Awan, King and Merah Putih, among others.

## Selected filmography

* Opera Jakarta (1985)
* Dead Time: Kala (2007) as Haryo Wibowo
* The Dancer (2011) as Marsusi
* Shackled (2012) as Josef
* The Clerics (2013) as Abdul Wahab Hasbullah
* 3 Nafas Likas (2013) as Ngantari Tarigan
* Satan's Slaves (2017) as Ustad
* Two Blue Stripes (2019) as Rudy
* Gundala (2019) as Ferry Dani
* One Day We'll Talk About Today (2020) as dr. Bambang
* Missing Home (2022) as Domu
* Before, Now & Then (2022) as Darga
* Autobiography (2022) as Purnawinata
* Grave Torture (2024) as Pandi Hakim
* The Shadow Strays (2024) as Soemitro
* Tale of the Land (2024) as Tuha
# Buttercross

A buttercross, butter cross or butter market cross is a type of market cross associated with English market towns and dating from medieval times. The name originates from the fact that the crosses were located in market places, where people would gather to buy locally produced butter and other dairy products. The fresh produce was laid out and displayed on the circular stepped bases of the cross.
Their design varies from place to place, but they are often covered by some type of roof to offer shelter. The roofs were generally added at a much later date than the construction of the original cross.

## Known buttercrosses

Examples from most parts of England include:
* Abbots Bromley, Staffordshire
* Alnwick, Northumberland
* Alveley, Shropshire
* Bainton, Cambridgeshire
* Barnard Castle, County Durham (Barnard Castle Market Cross)
* Barrow, Rutland
* Biddulph, Staffordshire
* Bingham, Nottinghamshire
* Bingley, West Yorkshire
* Brigg, Lincolnshire
* Bungay, Suffolk
* Burwell, Lincolnshire
* Castle Combe, Wiltshire
* Chagford, Devon
* Cheddar, Somerset (Market Cross, Cheddar)
* Chichester, West Sussex
* Chippenham, Wiltshire
* Corby Glen, Lincolnshire
* Cranwell, Lincolnshire
* Digby, Lincolnshire
* Dunster, Somerset (Dunster Butter Cross)
* Fishlake, Doncaster, South Yorkshire
* Grantham, Lincolnshire
* Gringley-on-the-Hill, Nottinghamshire
* Hallaton, Leicestershire
* Hooton Pagnell, South Yorkshire
* Kirkby Moorside, North Yorkshire
* Ludlow Buttercross, Ludlow, Shropshire
* Maltby, South Yorkshire
* Mansfield, Nottinghamshire
* Market Drayton, Shropshire
* Marton, Lincolnshire
* Monk Bretton, South Yorkshire,
* Mountsorrel, Leicestershire
* Newport, Shropshire (Puleston Cross)
* Oakham Market Cross, Oakham, Rutland
* Otley, West Yorkshire
* Peterborough, Cambridgeshire
* Pontefract, West Yorkshire
* Preston, Lancashire
* Sarsden, Oxfordshire
* Salisbury, Wiltshire
* Scarborough, North Yorkshire
* Shepton Mallet, Somerset
* Somerton, Somerset
* Spilsby, Lincolnshire
* Stamfordham, Northumberland
* Swaffham, Norfolk
* Swinstead, Lincolnshire
* Tattershall, Lincolnshire
* Thatcham, Berkshire
* Tickhill, South Yorkshire
* Wainfleet All Saints, Lincolnshire
* Whittlesey, Cambridgeshire
* Winchester, Hampshire
* Witney, Oxfordshire
* Wymondham, Norfolk
# Red Arrow (PRR train)

The Red Arrow was a night train operated by the Pennsylvania Railroad that ran from New York City to Detroit. It was named after Michigan’s Red Arrow infantry division of World War I. It had an additional section going to and from Washington, D.C. This was an unusual train, in that the PRR had few trains that ran to Detroit. More of the PRR trains went west to Chicago or St. Louis. The Red Arrow became the premier PRR train on the New York–Detroit circuit.

## History

The train began as an eastbound-only train, from Detroit to Pittsburgh in 1925. In the next year it went in both directions, #69, westbound, #68 eastbound. By 1938 the train was extended to New York and Washington, with the route split at Harrisburg, Pennsylvania. The Detroit terminus was the Fort Street Union Depot in downtown Detroit.

### Route

Going south from Detroit, the route went through Toledo, Ohio, joined the PRR main line at Mansfield, Ohio, and continued east. In the easterly direction the train made a stop in Canton, Ohio. In the westbound direction the train made no stops between Pittsburgh and Mansfield.

### Derailment

On February 18, 1947, the eastbound Red Arrow was derailed at Bennington Curve near Gallitzin, Pennsylvania, killing 22 of the 200 people on board at the time. The cause of the accident was determined to be excessive speed around the curve, derailing the two K4s steam locomotives and many of the passenger cars.

### Decline

Between April 29, 1956 and July 26, 1959 the route was shrunk in steps, eventually to a local train between Detroit and Toledo. It had its last run on July 26, 1960.
# George Skinner (footballer)

George Edward Henry Skinner (26 June 1917 – 30 September 2002) was an English professional footballer who played for Tottenham Hotspur, Northfleet United, Gillingham, Brighton & Hove Albion and Hastings United.

## Playing career

Skinner began his career at Callender's Cables works team, Callender's Athletic of the Spartan League. The inside forward signed for Tottenham Hotspur in May 1937 before joining the club's "nursery team" Northfleet United. Skinner signed professional forms with the Spurs in September 1938. At the onset of WW2 he joined the Royal Artillery and was a war time guest player at clubs including Charlton Athletic, Fulham, Harlepool, Middlesbrough, Swindon Town, York City and Bristol Rovers. Skinner made one senior appearance for the Lilywhites in a fixture versus Birmingham City in August 1946. After leaving White Hart Lane in July 1947 he had spells with Gillingham and Brighton & Hove Albion.

## Coaching and management career

After gaining a full coaching badge from the Football Association in 1947, Skinner took up his first overseas post as an adviser to the Finland before taking up the position of player/coach at Hastings United. After four years with the South Coast club he became Kent FA chief coach before returning to Finland to take charge of the Finland Olympic team. Skinner returned to England as manager of Eastbourne Town from 1954 until 1959 and later held the post of chief coach of the Sussex FA.
In 1962 he travelled abroad to coach in Nigeria before becoming the national team coach of countries including Libya (1965), Jordan (1968) and Saudi Arabia (1969). He took the appointment of national coach with Frank O'Farrell of Iran in 1972. His last managerial position overseas was with Icelandic club IBV in 1976. Under his charge the club became the countries first club to progress past the first round of the UEFA Cup in 1978, after knocking out Glentoran. He retired from football in 1978 and settled in Pevensey Bay. He died on 30 September 2002 at an Eastbourne nursing home.
# João Cleófas Martins

João Cleofas Martins, his nickname Djunga Fotógrafo (28 August 1901 in the island of São Vicente–27 August 1970 in Mindelo, São Vicente) was a Cape Verdean photographer and author.

## Biography

He was born in the island of Sāo Vicente, just shortly after Sergio Frusoni. His father came from the island of Brava and he lived most of his life in Mindelo on the island of São Vicente.
He was one of a few Cape Verdean authors who criticized the government of the second Republic of Portugal.
He worked at the Western Telegraph Company (now Western Union), he went to Lisbon in 1928 and took part in photography. He founded "Foto Progresso" in Mindelo back home in 1931.
He had taken pictures mainly around the island, one of the most important photos was Lajinha taken in 1938.
He dedicated all of his life to the children's home at the old Albergue de S. Vicente (now Lar de Nhô Djunga). As Sergio Frusoni, he was a chronicler at the Radio Barlavento in Mindelo.
He died on 27 August 1970, just a day before his 70th birthday.

## Legacy

Along with Cesária Évora and Bana, Martins were one of the most important persons in Mindelo.
A street named after the writer is located north of Mindelo slightly northeast of the city center.

## Theatrical works

* Vai-te Treinando desde Já, a theatrical piece written in 1960, about the problems of Portuguese colonial rule
# Giulio Costanzi

Giulio Cesare Costanzi (25 April 1875 in Contigliano, Italy – 28 August 1965 in Rome, Italy), was an officer of the ITAF Engineers Corps and a pioneer of space studies in Italy. In 1914, he wrote a paper on space navigation that is regarded as the first Italian contribution to space flights on record.

## Biography

Costanzi started his career as a civil engineer, then entered the Army in the Artillery Corps. From 1911, he served as an officer in the Specialized Engineers Corps, the first nucleus of the future Italian Air Force. The Corps manned aerostatic balloons and airships and was equipped with a range of laboratories planned by Gaetano Arturo Crocco, plus a wind tunnel. In World War I, Costanzi headed a squadron of reconnaissance aircraft and in 1923 was put in charge of an experimental section of the Italian Air Force. In 1928, he left the service as a general, was named member of the State Council and from 1938 to 1945 served as president of the Italian Air Registry, the equivalent of the US Federal Aviation Agency.

## The first Italian contribution to space exploration

In 1914, in a specialized magazine, Costanzi published an article on navigation in space. It is the first scientific contribution by an Italian to space flight, anticipating many problems related to exploration of outer space. “After the conquest of the air through aircraft, it is high time to abandon Earth and found new colonies in space” he writes, and then expounds the problem of powering spaceships in the void, without any support from the atmosphere, as in the case of airplanes. He advocates space travel on the basis of action-reaction dynamics, plans a flight Earth-Moon and to overcome the force of gravity he postulates the need for a new source of power. He identifies this source with radium and its yet unknown characteristics. In his article, Costanzi describes what would be the dangers and sensations experienced by an astronaut, such as suffering extreme heat, poisonous radiations, G-acceleration and weightlessness, the latter resulting in a feeling of falling. He concludes affirming hopefully that "the obstacles to this last dream are not beyond human reasoning, for the time being we are bound only by the lack of appropriate technology".
# Praemastus cymothoe

Praemastus cymothoe is a moth in the subfamily Arctiinae. It was described by Herbert Druce in 1895. It is found in Bolivia and Colombia.
# Kansas City, Pittsburg and Gulf Railroad

The Kansas City, Pittsburg and Gulf Railroad was a railway company that began operations in the 1890s and owned a main-line between Kansas City, Missouri, and Port Arthur, Texas. It was led by Arthur Stilwell before being thrown into receivership and eventually being absorbed by the Kansas City Southern Railway in 1900.
Trackage on the KCP&G was complete from Kansas City to Shreveport, Louisiana, as of March 2, 1897. By September 11 of that year, the line ran all the way to Port Arthur, Texas– a town Stilwell essentially created and named after himself. However, the railroad was in financial trouble by 1899. On April 1, 1900, the Kansas City Southern Railway took control of the KCP&G properties after purchasing them at a foreclosure sale in Joplin, Missouri.
The section of the line within the boundaries of Louisiana was chartered as the Kansas City, Shreveport & Gulf Railway Company (KCS&G).