OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Letters rogatory

Letters rogatory or letters of request are a formal request from a court to a foreign court for some type of judicial assistance. The most common remedies sought by letters rogatory are service of process and taking of evidence.

## Taking of evidence

One reason why a court may require assistance from a foreign court is to obtain evidence from a witness. This evidence may be to answer questions relevant to the determination of an issue of fact, or for disclosure of documents.
Courts usually have the power to subpoena witnesses only from within the jurisdiction of their own legislature unless they are aided by foreign judicial, or sometimes legislative, authority. For example, Alice in the United States, could not summon Jean from France to the US courthouse. Instead, the US court would issue a letter rogatory to a French court, which would then examine Jean in France, and send a deposition back to the requesting court.
Insofar as requests to US courts are concerned, the use of letters rogatory for requesting the taking of evidence has been replaced in large part by applications under 28 USC 1782, or Section 1782 Discovery.
In many cases, the witness is willing to provide the testimony. However, the target court may compel the testimony of a witness who is unwilling to appear.

## Conventions

In the past, letters rogatory could not usually be transmitted directly between the applicable courts, and they had to be transmitted via consular or diplomatic channels, which could make the whole process very slow. There have been various international conventions in regard to service of process and taking of evidence.
One of the earliest conventions to simplify the procedure of letters rogatory was the 1905 Civil Procedure Convention, signed at The Hague. Drafted only in French, it was ratified by only 22 countries. Later conventions, created after the institution of the Hague Conference on Private International Law, which was drafted in both English and French, commanded more support.
The Hague Service Convention, ratified in 1965, enabled designated authorities in each of the signatory states to transmit documents for service to each other, bypassing the diplomatic route. This convention has been ratified by 60 states, including the United Kingdom and the United States, neither of which had ratified the 1905 convention. The Hague Evidence Convention, ratified in 1970, formalised procedures for taking of evidence. It has been ratified by 43 states. For situations exclusively among member states of the European Union, two regulations (1348/2000 and 1206/2001) superseded the two Hague Conventions. The two regulations apply to each of the member states of the European Union with the exception of Denmark, which has opted out.
# Remeniny

Remeniny (Hungarian: Remenye) is a village and municipality in Vranov nad Topľou District in the Prešov Region of eastern Slovakia.

## History

In historical records the village was first mentioned in 1356.

## Geography

The municipality lies at an altitude of 180 metres and covers an area of 10.592 km$^2$. It has a population of about 296 people.
# Kystyk-Kugda

Kystyk-Kugda (Russian: Кыстык-Кугда; Yakut: Кыстык-Кугда, Kıstık-Kugda) is a rural locality (a selo), and one of two settlements in Bolugursky Rural Okrug of Churapchinsky District in the Sakha Republic, Russia, in addition to Myndagai, the administrative center of the Rural Okrug. It is located 72 kilometers (45 mi) from Churapcha, the administrative center of the district and 2 kilometers (1.2 mi) from Myndagai. Its population as of the 2010 Census was 1; down from 17 recorded in the 2002 Census.
# Shapley-Ames Catalog

The Shapley-Ames Catalog of Bright Galaxies is a catalog of galaxies published in 1932 that includes observations of 1249 objects brighter than 13.2 magnitude. It was compiled by Harlow Shapley and Adelaide Ames. They identified 1189 objects based on the New General Catalogue and 48 based on the Index Catalogue. With the help of new photographic recordings, which also contained comparison stars of known brightness, the brightness of many galaxies were measured and recorded only up to a magnitude of 13.2. It was the first compilation of bright galaxies in the northern and southern sky. The catalog contains position, brightness, size, and Hubble classification of the galaxies. For the next 60 years, astronomers referred to this catalog as a primary source for information about redshifts and galaxy types.

## History

Shapley and Ames began their study of all nearby galaxies in 1926. An important finding from this research was that the galaxies were not evenly distributed (they violated the isotropy assumption) in that the northern hemisphere contained more galaxies than the southern hemisphere. It also found that the Virgo cloud extended further than previously believed. From this data, Shapley and Ames therefore created a new hierarchy of clusters called a supercluster, which is a cluster of galaxy clusters, and called this Virgo cloud in the northern hemisphere a "Local Supercluster".
In 1981, Allan Sandage and Gustav Tammann published an updated version known as the Revised Shapley-Ames Catalog (RSA). The original list of galaxies was maintained, with the exception of three objects which were no longer considered galaxies. The information on the 1246 individual galaxies have been updated and substantially extended.
# Gero Bisanz

Gero Bisanz (3 November 1935 – 17 October 2014) was a German football player and coach.

## Career

Bisanz played for 1. FC Köln and Viktoria Köln.
From 1982 to 1996, he was the coach of the Germany women's national team, in that time winning the UEFA Women's Championship three times, in 1989, 1991 and 1995. He also was leading director of the German Football Association's coaches training facilities from 1971 to 2000, then being followed by Erich Rutemöller. He also coached 1. FC Köln (amateurs), Bayer Leverkusen, TuS Lindlar and Germany B.
# Ora News

Ora News is a regional and online television news channel based in Tirana, Albania, which was founded on January 31, 2007. The news director is Miriam Ndroqi.
The Albanian Media Monitoring Board evaluated Ora News as the most balanced news presenter of the parliamentary elections in June 2009 and again in May 2011 for the local elections.
# Kilakuyilkudi

Keellhakkuyilkudi or Kilakuyilkudi is a neighbourhood in Madurai district of Tamil Nadu state in India. This place is of importance that Jaina inscriptions and monuments are found here.

## Location

Keellhakkuyilkudi is located with the coordinates of (9°54′43″N 78°02′32″E﻿ / ﻿9.9120°N 78.0421°E﻿ / 9.9120; 78.0421) in Madurai district.

## Population

As per 2011 census of India, the total population of Kilakuyilkudi was 2,606 persons, out of which 1,339 persons were males and 1,257 persons were females.

## Speciality

Samanamalai, the rock-cut monuments is found at Kilakuyilkudi.

## Politics

Kilakuyilkudi falls under Thiruparankundram Assembly constituency and this area belongs to Virudhunagar Lok Sabha constituency.
# Blindheimsvik Wildlife Sanctuary

The Blindheimsvik Wildlife Sanctuary (Norwegian: Blindheimsvik dyrefredningsområde) is located on the south side of Vigra island in the municipality of Giske in Møre og Romsdal county, Norway.
The area received protection in 1988 "to preserve an important wetland area with its habitat, bird life and other wildlife," according to the conservation regulations. The area consists of a long shallow bay with large tidal areas. Many small streams empty into the bay, where there are beach meadow areas rich in various species. The bay is important as a resting place for ducks and waders, and as an overwintering site and nesting site for wetland birds. Twenty bird species of international importance and three species of national importance have been observed here.
The wildlife sanctuary is one of six natural areas that were included in the Giske Wetlands System Ramsar site, which was established in 1996.
# Levan Makharadze

Levan Shalvovych Makharadze (Ukrainian: Леван Шалвович Махарадзе; born 14 August 1993) is a Georgian footballer who is last known to have played as a defender for Ordino.

## Career

Born in Georgia, he spent his youth career in Ukraine at the FC Dnipro academy.
Makharadez started his senior career with Mariupol.
Before the 2015 season, Makharadze signed for Latvian side Skonto.
In the second half of 2015–16, he signed for Ukrainian third division club Inhulets, where he made 10 league appearances and scored 2 goals.
In 2016, he signed for Kolos Kovalivka.
In the second half of 2017–18, Makharadze signed for Zalla in the Spanish fifth division after playing for Ukrainian second division outfit Sumy.
In 2018, he signed for Ordino in Andorra.
# Omaha Housing Authority

Omaha Housing Authority,, is the government agency responsible for providing public housing in Omaha, Nebraska. It is the parent organization of Housing in Omaha, Inc., a nonprofit housing developer for low-income housing.

## About

OHA contracts with the United States Department of Housing and Urban Development to provide low-income people housing through rent subsidies and through 2700 public housing units and over 3700 Section 8 units.

### Governance

OHA is governed by a five-member Board of Commissioners appointed by the mayor and confirmed by the Omaha City Council. Commissioners serve staggered five-year terms, setting policies governing the operations of OHA and directing current and future programs. OHA contracts with the Department of Housing and Urban Development to provide low-income people housing through rent subsidies and through 2700 public housing units and over 4413 Section 8 units.

### Properties

* Logan Fontenelle Housing Project at North 24th and Seward Streets - Demolished
* Pleasantview Homes at 1920 North 30th Street - Demolished
* Southside Terrace Garden Apartments at 5529 South 30th Street
* Spencer Apartments at 1920 North 30th Street

## Housing in Omaha, Inc.

Housing in Omaha, Inc. is a non-profit affiliate corporation of the Omaha Housing Authority. HIO is a separate corporation which owns and operates its own housing units under the Section 8 New Construction program since 1979. Clifford Scott is the current Chief Executive Officer.

### Properties

* Ernie Chambers Court at 4401 North 21st Street
* Bayview Apartments at 1234 South 13th Street
* Farnam Building at 1613 Farnam Street
* North Omaha Homes at 4401 North 21st Street
* Security Building at 305 South 16th Street
* Crown Creek at 4401 North 21st Street
* Benson Tower
* Highland Tower
* Jackson Tower
* Pine Tower
* Kay Jay Apartments
# Putta Mahesh Kumar

Putta Mahesh Kumar (born on 10 April 1988), is an Indian politician and the elected candidate for Lok Sabha from Eluru Lok Sabha constituency(10). He is a member of the Telugu Desam Party. One of the youngest politician in Andhra Pradesh.

## Early life and education

Putta Mahesh Kumar was born to Smt. Putta Vijayalakshmi and Putta Sudhakar Yadav in Proddutur, Kadapa district. His father is a member of Telugu Desam Party and a member of Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly from Mydukur Assembly constituency. He was the former chairman of the board of trustees of Tirumala Tirupati Devasthanams.
He pursued his Bachelor of Technology in civil engineering from Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University, Hyderabad.

## Election statistics

| | Year | Contested For | Party | Party | Constituency | Opponent Party | Votes | Majority |
| 1 | 2024 | MP | | Telugu Desam Party | Eluru | YSRCP | 7,46,351 | 1,81,857 | Won |
# Tasos Zachopoulos

Tasos Zachopoulos (Greek: Τάσος Ζαχόπουλος; born 4 February 1975) is a Greek former professional footballer who played as a defender.
He started his senior career in Aris Thessaloniki. After three years as a backup player, he featured semi-regularly in the 1996-97 Alpha Ethniki. He played as a regular center-back for Aris in 1997–98 Beta Ethniki and then he returned to the Alpha Ethniki in 1998 when contracted by Athens club Panionios. He played regularly there, and featured in all six matches of Panionios's 1998-99 UEFA Cup Winners' Cup campaign. In 1999 he nonetheless went on to Trikala.
# Khalid Albudoor

Khalid Albudoor(Arabic: خالد البدور) is an Arabic poet born in Dubai in the United Arab Emirates. Albudoor, who was raised in Dubai, is considered to be one of the important names in the modern poetry movement of the UAE.

## Education and early work

He studied mass communication at United Arab Emirates University and then attended Ohio University in the United States where he obtained an MA in script writing. He began publishing his poetry in 1980 and has been quite active in his community, helping to establish the Emirati Writers’ Union and participating in several poetry festivals in the UAE and abroad. His first collection of poetry “NIGHT”, published in Lebanon in 1992, won Al-Khal Poetry Award. To date, he has published six poetry collections.
Since 1988, Albudoor has been working as researcher and documentary film writer focusing on the intangible cultural heritage of the United Arab Emirates. This includes oral heritage, Nabati poetry, traditional music, and storytelling.
He holds a master's degree in screenwriting from Ohio University in the United States. His documentaries and television programs have received awards and recognition, both locally and internationally.
Currently, he is a freelance researcher, writer, a life coach, and a cultural advisor at Hamdan Heritage Center in Dubai.
# Zboj

Zboj (Hungarian: Harcos, Rusyn: Збой) is a village and municipality in Snina District in the Prešov Region of north-eastern Slovakia.

## History

In historical records the village was first mentioned in 1567. Before the establishment of independent Czechoslovakia in 1918, Zboj was part of Zemplén County within the Kingdom of Hungary. In 1939, it was for a short time part of the Slovak Republic. From 1939 to 1944, as a result of the Slovak–Hungarian War of 1939, it was again part of Hungary. On 18 October 1944, the Red Army entered Zboj and it was once again part of Czechoslovakia.

## Geography

The municipality lies at an altitude of 356 metres and covers an area of 50.542 km$^2$. According to the 2013 census it had a population of 353 inhabitants.
# Chalak, Lahijan

Chalak (Persian: چلك) is a village in Layl Rural District, in the Central District of Lahijan County, Gilan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 141, in 41 families.
# Wet rot

Wet rot is a generic term used to define a variety of fungal species, such as Coniophora puteana (otherwise known as cellar fungus) and Choanephora cucurbitarum. Some species obtain their food by breaking down the cell walls of wood, resulting in a loss of its strength. This can cause problems in the structural integrity of structures. The species C. cucurbitarum affects the flowers and fruit of crops, such as amaranthus and okra.
The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) states that “In addition, mold exposure can irritate the eyes, skin, nose, throat, and lungs of both mold-allergic and non-allergic people.”
# Alexandru Papiu Ilarian

Alexandru Papiu-Ilarian (27 September 1827 – 23 October [O.S. 11 October] 1877) was a Romanian revolutionary, lawyer and historian.
Papiu Ilarian was born in Bezded (Hungarian: Bezdédtelek), Kingdom of Hungary (today part of Gârbou, Romania) on 27 September 1827. His father was the Greek-catholic priest Ioan Bucur Pop, also a Romanian revolutionary, who was executed at Turda (Hungarian: Torda) by hanging, at 54 years old, by the Hungarian authorities in March 1849. In 1832 he moved with his family to Budiu de Câmpie (Hungarian: Mezőbodon), near Târgu Mureș (Hungarian: Marosvásárhely), the native village of his father. where he attends the primary school. In the autumn of 1838 he enters the Catholic secondary school in Târgu Mureş. He finished high school in Cluj (Hungarian: Kolozsvár) and obtain a doctorate of laws at the University of Padua. He was active in the Hungarian Revolution of 1848.
He was a founder and president of the Transylvania Society, between 1867 and 1874. He was elected to the Romanian Academy in 1868. As member of the Bar in Bucharest, he pleaded in court the case of the oxcart drivers from Giurgiu, in 1873. He died in Sibiu (Hungarian: Nagyszeben) on 23 October 1877, and is buried at the Church between the Fir trees.
# Naserabad, Howmeh

Naserabad (Persian: ناصراباد, also Romanized as Nāşerābād) is a village in Howmeh Rural District, in the Central District of Iranshahr County, Sistan and Baluchestan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 60, in 12 families.
# Han van den Berg

Han van den Berg (17 February 1925 – 7 December 2015) was a Dutch rower who competed in the 1948 Summer Olympics. He was born in Amsterdam.
# Edwin Edwards (New Zealand politician)

Edwin Edwards (5 April 1862 – 31 May 1909) was a New Zealand businessman, local politician, newspaper proprietor and editor, balladeer. He was born in Camberwell, Surrey, England on 5 April 1862. He unsuccessfully contested the Ohinemuri electorate in the 1896 election against Alfred Cadman.
# Enoch Gilchrist

Enoch Skidmore Gilchrist (25 December 1940 – 2008) was a Scottish footballer, who played for Berwick Rangers, Hamilton Academical and Dumbarton.
In 1971, he played abroad in Canada's National Soccer League with Hamilton Croatia, and returned for the 1972 season. He re-signed with Hamilton for the 1973 season, and for the 1974 season.
His elder brother John was also a footballer.
# Itsuki Kurata

Itsuki Kurata (倉田 一輝, Kurata Itsuki, born 10 November 1999) is a Japanese footballer currently playing as a left-back for Codru Lozova.

## Career statistics
### Club

    As of 8 January 2021.
| Club | Season | League | League | League | Cup | Cup | Continental | Continental | Other | Other | Total | Total |
| Club | Season | Division | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals |
| Codru Lozova | 2020–21 | Divizia Națională | 15 | 0 | 0 | 0 | – | – | 0 | 0 | 15 | 0 |
| Career total | Career total | Career total | 15 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 15 | 0 |
# Hinqar

40°38′09″N 48°19′41″E﻿ / ﻿40.63583°N 48.32806°E﻿ / 40.63583; 48.32806
Hinqar (Armenian: Հնղար, romanized: Hnghar or Henghar, also Armenian: Ինգար, romanized: Ingar and Incha) is a village in the Agsu District of Azerbaijan. The village forms part of the municipality of Xanbulaq. The village had an Armenian population before the exodus of Armenians from Azerbaijan after the outbreak of the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict.
# Katsunari Mizumoto

Katsunari Mizumoto (水本勝成 | born February 19, 1990) is a Japanese football player for Kagoshima United FC.

## Club statistics

Updated to 23 February 2018.
| Club performance | Club performance | Club performance | League | League | Cup | Cup | Total | Total |
| Season | Club | League | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals |
| Japan | Japan | Japan | League | League | Emperor's Cup | Emperor's Cup | Total | Total |
| 2008 | Gainare Tottori | JFL | 7 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 8 | 0 |
| 2009 | Gainare Tottori | JFL | 7 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 8 | 0 |
| 2010 | Gainare Tottori | JFL | 12 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 13 | 0 |
| 2011 | Gainare Tottori | J2 League | 14 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 15 | 1 |
| 2012 | Gainare Tottori | J2 League | 21 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 21 | 0 |
| 2013 | FC Kagoshima | JRL (Kyushu) | 8 | 3 | – | – | 8 | 3 |
| 2014 | Kagoshima United FC | JFL | 26 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 28 | 0 |
| 2015 | Kagoshima United FC | JFL | 28 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 29 | 2 |
| 2015 | Kagoshima United FC | J3 League | 26 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 27 | 0 |
| 2015 | Kagoshima United FC | J3 League | 30 | 4 | 2 | 0 | 32 | 4 |
| Total | Total | Total | 179 | 10 | 10 | 0 | 189 | 10 |
# Taishi Nishioka

Taishi Nishioka (西岡 大志, Nishioka Taishi, born July 28, 1994) is a Japanese football player. He plays for Tegevajaro Miyazaki.

## Career

Taishi Nishioka joined J3 League club FC Ryukyu in 2017.

## Club statistics

Updated to 22 February 2018.
| Club performance | Club performance | Club performance | League | League | Cup | Cup | Total | Total |
| Season | Club | League | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals |
| Japan | Japan | Japan | League | League | Emperor's Cup | Emperor's Cup | Total | Total |
| 2017 | FC Ryukyu | J3 League | 23 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 24 | 2 |
| Total | Total | Total | 23 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 24 | 2 |
# Jun Okano

Jun Okano (岡野 洵, Okano Jun, born December 9, 1997) is a Japanese football player. He plays for V-Varen Nagasaki.

## Career
### Club

Jun Okano joined J2 League club JEF United Chiba in 2016.

### International

In 2015, he had chosen Japanese International U-18 England expedition team member with Takahiro Yanagi, Reiya Morishita, Itsuki Urata, Takumi Hasegawa, Daniel Matsuzaka and Kakeru Funaki as defender.
In 30th Dec 2017, he had chosen Japanese International U-20 Thailand expedition team member.

## Club statistics

Updated to 25 February 2019.
| Club performance | Club performance | Club performance | League | League | Cup | Cup | League Cup | League Cup | Total | Total |
| Season | Club | League | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals |
| Japan | Japan | Japan | League | League | Emperor's Cup | Emperor's Cup | J.League Cup | J.League Cup | Total | Total |
| 2016 | JEF United Chiba | J2 League | 7 | 0 | 0 | 0 | - | - | 7 | 0 |
| 2017 | JEF United Chiba | J2 League | 11 | 0 | 1 | 0 | - | - | 12 | 0 |
| 2018 | JEF United Chiba | J2 League | 4 | 0 | 1 | 0 | - | - | 5 | 0 |
| 2018 | Oita Trinita | J2 League | 6 | 0 | 0 | 0 | - | - | 6 | 0 |
| Total | Total | Total | 28 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 30 | 0 |
# Kenya Onodera

Kenya Onodera (小野寺 健也, Onodera Kenya, born 18 November 1997) is a Japanese footballer currently playing as a defender for Tochigi SC, on loan from Montedio Yamagata.

## Career statistics
### Club

    As of 27 February 2021.
| Club | Season | League | League | League | National Cup | National Cup | League Cup | League Cup | Other | Other | Total | Total |
| Club | Season | Division | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals |
| Meiji University | 2019 | – | – | – | 1 | 0 | – | – | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
| Montedio Yamagata | 2020 | J2 League | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Montedio Yamagata | 2021 | J2 League | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Montedio Yamagata | Total | Total | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Tochigi SC (loan) | 2021 | J2 League | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
| Career total | Career total | Career total | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 |

#### Notes

* ↑ Appearances in the Emperor's Cup
# Naoki Otani

Naoki Otani (大谷 尚輝, Ōtani Naoki, born 24 September 1995) is a Japanese footballer who plays for Tochigi SC.

## Club statistics

Updated to end of 2018 season.
| Club performance | Club performance | Club performance | League | League | Cup | Cup | League Cup | League Cup | Continental | Continental | Total | Total |
| Season | Club | League | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals |
| Japan | Japan | Japan | League | League | Emperor's Cup | Emperor's Cup | J. League Cup | J. League Cup | AFC | AFC | Total | Total |
| 2014 | Sanfrecce Hiroshima | J1 League | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 2015 | Roasso Kumamoto | J2 League | 5 | 0 | 1 | 0 | – | – | – | – | 6 | 0 |
| 2016 | Sanfrecce Hiroshima | J1 League | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
| 2016 | Machida Zelvia | J2 League | 6 | 0 | – | – | – | – | – | – | 6 | 0 |
| 2017 | Machida Zelvia | J2 League | 25 | 2 | 1 | 0 | – | – | – | – | 26 | 2 |
| 2018 | Machida Zelvia | J2 League | 37 | 3 | 2 | 0 | – | – | – | – | 39 | 3 |
| Career total | Career total | Career total | 73 | 5 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 78 | 5 |