OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Ziabar Rural District

Ziabar Rural District (Persian: دهستان ضیابر) is in Ziabar District of Sowme'eh Sara County, Gilan province, Iran. Its capital is the village of Chakuvar. The previous capital of the rural district was the village of Ziabar.

## Demographics
### Population

At the time of the 2006 National Census, the rural district's population (as a part of the Central District) was 11,387 in 3,234 households. There were 10,939 inhabitants in 3,416 households at the following census of 2011. The 2016 census measured the population of the rural district as 9,866 in 3,374 households. The most populous of its 33 villages was Ziabar, with 3,603 people.
After the census, the rural district was separated from the district in the formation of Ziabar District.
# Siege of Garni

The siege of Garni was a siege in 51 AD led by Rhadamistus, the son of the Iberian King Pharasmanes I against his uncle Mithridates, the king of Armenia in the Iberian–Armenian War.

## Background

Mithridates, the younger brother of Pharasmanes I ascended to the Armenian throne with the help of Sarmatians and Alanian mercenaries. A Roman garrison installed in Garni near Artaxata secured Mithridates' ruler over Armenia, Although Emperor Caligula had held Mithridates of Armenia captive for some years in Rome, after which Claudius sent him back to Artaxata, Armenia was now a Roman vassal state under Iberian control.
But when Mithridates refused to support his brother Pharasmanes in a victorious attack on Caucasian Albania, Pharasmanes provided troops for his son Rhadamistus to capture Armenia and overthrow his uncle.

## Siege

King Pharasmanes I of Iberia gave Rhadamistus a large Iberian army, who by a sudden invasion forced King Mithridates of Armenia to take shelter in the fortress of Garni, which was strongly garrisoned by the Romans under the command of Caelius Pollio, a camp-prefect, Casperius and a centurion. Rhadamistus told to Mithridates that the Iberians were not against peace and urged his uncle to conclude a treaty. Pharasmanes by secret messages had recommended Rhadamistus to hurry on the siege by all possible means.
Later, Pollio, swayed by Rhadamistus' bribery, induced the Roman soldiers to threaten capitulation of the garrison. Under this compulsion, Mithridates agreed to surrender to his nephew and quit the fortress. Rhadamistus seeing his uncle threw himself into his embraces, feigning respect and calling him father-in-law and his parent. He promised that he would do him no harm or violence either by the sword or by poison. He drew him into a neighboring woods, where he assured him that the appointed sacrifice was prepared for their confirmation of peace in the presence of the Iberian gods, as it was their custom, whenever they joined alliance, to unite their right hands and bind together the thumbs in a tight knot and then, when the blood would flow into the extremities, they would let it escape by a slight puncture and then suck it in turn.
But on this occasion the one who was applying the knot pretended that it had fallen off, and suddenly seized the knees of Mithridates flinging him to the ground. At the same moment a rush was made by others, and chains were thrown around him. Rhadamistus was mindful of his promise so he neither unsheathed the sword nor used any poison against his uncle to kill him, but instead had him thrown on the ground and then smothered his uncle under a mass of heavy clothes and featherbeds. Later the sons of Mithridates were also butchered by Rhadamistus for having shed tears over their parent's death. Rhadamistus also killed Mithridates' wife, who was his own sister.
# Rhinodipterus

Rhinodipterus is an extinct genus of prehistoric dipnoan sarcopterygians or lobe-finned fish, that lived in the Devonian Period, between 416 and 359 million years ago. It is believed to have inhabited shallow, salt-water reefs, and is one of the earliest known examples of marine lungfish. Research based on an exceptionally well-preserved specimen from the Gogo Formation of Australia has shown that Rhinodipterus has cranial ribs attached to its braincase and was probably adapted for air-breathing to some degree as living lungfish are. This could be the only case known for a marine lungfish with air-breathing adaptations.
# Amirabad, Dinavar

Amirabad (Persian: اميراباد, also Romanized as Amīrābād) is a village in Dinavar Rural District, Dinavar District, Sahneh County, Kermanshah Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 115, in 31 families.
# The Struggle for Democracy

The Struggle for Democracy is a Canadian documentary television series, which premiered in 1989. Hosted by Patrick Watson, the series profiled the birth and evolution of democracy, including both the challenges and the opportunities that lay ahead for it in the future.
The series was also paired with a companion book, co-written by Watson and Benjamin Barber, and published by Lester & Orpen Dennys.
Production on the series was first announced in 1987, when Watson stepped down as host of the business news series Venture to begin work on the project. The series premiered January 8, 1989, airing simultaneously in English on CBC Television and in French on Télévision de Radio-Canada. It later aired on PBS in the United States in 1989, and ITV in the United Kingdom in 1990.
The series did face some minor criticism for the fact that due to the rapidly-changing geopolitical climate of the late 1980s, it had been completed too early to cover some noteworthy events at all, including the Tiananmen Square protests and the Soviet Bloc Revolutions of 1989. Following the original ten-episode 1989 series, Watson created a sequel special in 1990, covering the events in China and Eastern Europe.

## Episodes

| No. | Title | Original airdate |
| 1 | Genesis | January 8, 1989 (1989-01-08) |
| 2 | Reborn in America | January 15, 1989 (1989-01-15) |
| 3 | Chiefs and Strongmen | January 29, 1989 (1989-01-29) |
| 4 | The Tyranny of the Majority | February 5, 1989 (1989-02-05) |
| 5 | The Rule of Law | February 12, 1989 (1989-02-12) |
| 6 | The Last Citizens | February 19, 1989 (1989-02-19) |
| 7 | The First Freedom | February 26, 1989 (1989-02-26) |
| 8 | The Price of Democracy | March 5, 1989 (1989-03-05) |
| 9 | A Soldier's Duty | March 19, 1989 (1989-03-19) |
| 10 | Whither Democracy? | March 26, 1989 (1989-03-26) |
| 11 | The Curtain Rises | June 24, 1990 (1990-06-24) |

## Awards

| Award | Date of Ceremony | Category | Nominees | Result |
| Gemini Awards | 1989 | Best Documentary Series | Ted Remerowski | Won |
| Gemini Awards | 1989 | Gordon Sinclair Award | Patrick Watson | Won |
| Gemini Awards | 1989 | Best Original Music for a Series | Micky Erbe and Maribeth Solomon, "The First Freedom" | Won |
| Gemini Awards | 1989 | Best Picture Editing in an Information or Documentary Program or Series | John Gareau, "Chiefs and Strongmen" | Nominated |
| Gemini Awards | 1989 | Best Picture Editing in an Information or Documentary Program or Series | Fred Gauthier, "The Tyranny of the Majority" | Nominated |
| Gemini Awards | 1989 | Sound in an Information or Documentary Program or Series | Ian Challis, Wesley J. Blanchard, Tibor Gyokeres and Paul Massey, "Reborn in America" | Won |
| Gemini Awards | 1990 | Best Photography in an Information/Documentary Program or Series | Michael Boland, "The Curtain Rises" | Nominated |
# Viamata Saddle

Viamata Saddle (Bulgarian: седловина Виамата, ‘Sedlovina Viamata’ \se-dlo-vi-'na vi-a-'ma-ta\) is the ice-covered saddle of elevation 658 m on Brabant Island in the Palmer Archipelago, Antarctica, connecting Stavertsi Ridge on the east-northeast to Stribog Mountains on the west-southwest. It is part of the glacial divide between Paré Glacier to the northwest and a part of the ice cap draining east-southeastwards into Hill Bay.
The saddle is named after the ancient Roman station of Viamata in Southern Bulgaria.

## Location

Viamata Saddle is located at 64°09′42″S 62°14′15″W﻿ / ﻿64.16167°S 62.23750°W﻿ / -64.16167; -62.23750, which is 6.53 km south-southeast of Virchow Hill, 3.35 km southwest of Mount Cabeza, 7.67 km west-northwest of Petroff Point and 1 km north-northeast of Regianum Peak. British mapping in 1980 and 2008.

## Maps

* Antarctic Digital Database (ADD). Scale 1:250000 topographic map of Antarctica. Scientific Committee on Antarctic Research (SCAR). Since 1993, regularly upgraded and updated.
* British Antarctic Territory. Scale 1:200000 topographic map. DOS 610 Series, Sheet W 64 62. Directorate of Overseas Surveys, Tolworth, UK, 1980.
* Brabant Island to Argentine Islands. Scale 1:250000 topographic map. British Antarctic Survey, 2008.
# Konnex Records

Konnex Records is a German jazz record label founded in 1984. Record producer Manfred Schiek, who had previously run the label Vinyl Records, founded the label in Berlin to issue contemporary jazz recordings from British and continental European performers. In the 1990s the label expanded into reissues of music by Elvin Jones and Cecil Taylor. Konnex operates a sublabel, Atonal, for electronic music.

## Roster

* Antonis Anissegos
* Borah Bergman
* Toto Blanke
* John Blum
* Thomas Borgmann
* Joanne Brackeen
* Anthony Braxton
* Rob van den Broek
* Peter Brötzmann
* Christy Doran
* Lajos Dudas
* Gerd Dudek
* Kim Efert
* European Jazz Ensemble
* Alvin Fielder
* Joe Fonda
* Sonny Fortune
* Joel Futterman
* Dennis Gonzalez
* Dick Griffin
* Ali Haurand
* Allan Holdsworth
* Carl Ludwig Huebsch
* Ken Hyder
* Theo Joergensmann
* Elvin Jones
* Kidd Jordan
* Achim Kaufmann
* Franklin Kiermyer
* Klaus Lenz
* Holger Mantey
* Charlie Mariano
* Henriette Mueller
* Zbigniew Namyslowski
* Pascal Niggenkemper
* Tony Oxley
* Jon Rose
* Ingrid Sertso
* Christoph Spendel
* John Stevens
* Jiri Stivin
* Cecil Taylor
* Keith Tippett
* David Tudor
* Felix Wahnschaffe
* Trevor Watts
* Art Zoyd
# Gal Hamrani

Gal Hamrani (Hebrew: גל חמרני; born 1 December 1992) is an Israeli Paralympic goalball player. She competed for Israel at the 2024 Paris Paralympics in the Women's goalball tournament, where she and the Israel women's national goalball team won a silver medal.

## Early life

Hamrani was born with aniridia and glaucoma, resulting in her being fully blind in one eye, limited eyesight in the other and being assisted by a guide dog. She completed her sherut Leumi volunteering at a hospital.

## Goalball career

Hamrani began practicing goalball at age 13, joined the Israel women's national goalball team and is the team captain. She took part in the 2016 Summer Paralympics and was team captain during the 2020 Summer Paralympics. The team qualified for the Paralympic Games after achieving gold medal at the 2015 IBSA World Games and silver medal at the 2019 Goalball European Championships.
She competed for Israel at the 2024 Paris Paralympics in the Women's goalball tournament, where she and the Israel women's national goalball team won a silver medal.
# Kangarlu, West Azerbaijan

Kangarlu (Persian: كنگرلو, also Romanized as Kangarlū and Kangarloo) is a village in Lakestan Rural District, in the Central District of Salmas County, West Azerbaijan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 1,247, in 298 families.
# Sosnovka, Sakha Republic

Sosnovka (Russian: Сосновка; Yakut: Сосновка) is a rural locality (a selo), and one of two settlements in Vilyuysk Urban Okrug of Vilyuysky District in the Sakha Republic, Russia, in addition to Vilyuysk, the administrative center of the Urban Okrug and the district. It is located 13 kilometers (8.1 mi) from Vilyuysk. Its population as of the 2010 Census was 303, of whom 166 were male and 137 female, up from 267 recorded during the 2002 Census was 267.

## History

This settlement's village hall is said to be the remains of a leper hospital inspired by the British explorer Kate Marsden who travelled the length of Russia to find a cure for leprosy she had been told about. Marsden never said what the herb was. The heir apparent is now said to be a herb called kutchutka which was mentioned in an 1899 Sakha dictionary. One local herbalist told researchers in 2008 that it was so rare that he had not seen it recently. The researchers found the buildings that had made up the leprosarium that had closed in 1962. The village hall carries a plaque recording the centenary of Marsden's visit.
# Búng Bình Thiên

Búng Bình Thiên or Nước Trời Lake is a fresh water lake in the Mekong Delta in Vietnam. The name that the lake is most often referred to, Búng Bình Thiên, means '[the] lake from the sky', referring to the stillness of the lake's surface and blue color it retains year-round. Located in the An Giang province, about 35 kilometres (22 mi) from the province's capital, Chau Doc, within the An Phú District. Búng Bình Thiên links three communes, namely Khánh Bình, Nhơn Hội, and Quốc Thái. It also links the Bình Di River and the Hậu River.

## Lake surface area

The lake's water surface area is 200 hectares and is 4 metres (4.4 yd) deep in the dry season. During the rainy season, the influx of water from the Mekong River causes the surface area to expand to 800 hectares with the depth rising to up to 8 metres (8.7 yd).

## Landscape quality

The lake is still year-round. Large amounts of algae, kelp, and aquatic plants such as water hyacinth, lotus, and water lily contribute to, and maintain clarity of the water of Búng Bình Thiên in times of Mekong Delta floods via filtering silt, oxygenating water, and roots preventing agitation of the lakebed.

## History and Legend

In the 18th century, a Tây Sơn dynasty general chose the place where the lake now sits to train soldiers and store food; at the time, the area was very dry and barren, and so a ritual was held to ask the gods for rain and a source of water. Legend states that after this ritual was held, the general thrust his sword into the ground, creating a wellspring from which the lake appeared.
This legend holds a similarity to that of Gia Long Well, in Phú Quốc, in which the well was created by Gia Long's sword slashing into the earth to find water.

## Cham people

The area around Búng Bình Thiên is home to many ethnic Cham people who live around the lake and in the villages of Khánh Bình, Nhơn Hội and Quốc Thái. In modern times, the local Cham engage in the modern world, developing businesses and participating in cultural and artistic activities.
# Cep Dergisi

Cep Dergisi (Turkish: The Pocket Magazine) was a monthly literary magazine which was one of the publications founded and published by the Turkish writer Yaşar Nabi Nayır. It was headquartered in Istanbul, Turkey. The subtitle of the magazine was Dünyaya Açılan Pencere (Turkish: The window opening up to the world).

## History and profile

Cep Dergisi was established by Yaşar Nabi Nayır in 1966, and its first issue appeared in November 1966. The magazine came out monthly. Its publisher was Varlık Publications which was owned by Nayır. Nayır was also the editor of the magazine. One of its goal was to introduce new trends in Western thought and literature. Therefore, most of its content included examples from contemporary world literature. The magazine featured translations of fiction and non-fiction articles from Western publications. Of them translations of fiction were mostly poems and short stories.
Cep Dergisi folded in March 1969 after producing 29 issues.
# Tamtoraq

Tamtoraq (Persian: طمطراق, also Romanized as Tamţorāq; also known as Tamtorāb-e Qarānqū and Tamţorābī) is a village in Qaranqu Rural District, in the Central District of Hashtrud County, East Azerbaijan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 120, in 21 families.
# Nino (novel)

Nino is a children's novel written and illustrated by Valenti Angelo. It tells the story of Nino's childhood in a small Italian village at the turn of the century. First published in 1938, it was a Newbery Honor recipient in 1939.
# Gadmeh

Gadmeh (Persian: گدمه, also Romanized as Gadameh; also known as Garmeh) is a village in Asemanabad Rural District, in the Asemanabad District of Chardavol County, Ilam Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 686, in 149 families. The village is populated by Kurds.
# Hunt (Rauch)

Hunt (German: Hatz) is a 2002 oil on canvas painting by the German artist Neo Rauch. It depicts a group of flying men in green coats and hats playing ice hockey among large ice cubes. The painting is owned by a private collector in Pennsylvania.

## Description

Four men dressed in green coats are engaged in a team sport with ice hockey sticks. Two of the men, wearing feathered tyrolean hats, hover above the ice. A third man has fallen and dropped his stick. The fourth man is stuck inside one of three large ice cubes on the ice. From another ice cube, a green maggot or slug is emerging.
To the left is a grey stone and concrete building with metal details. To the right is a yellow barrack with a white roof and gable wall, and two crossed planks across the door. In the upper right corner is a green and white sign with a white symbol identical to the algiz rune. In the background is a barren landscape with patches of snow.

## Reception

Alexi Worth of Artforum speculated whether the slug is what the players are chasing, or if it is "in fact a metamorphosed teammate". Worth wrote that "Rauch delights in such teasing narrative cues, and he delivers them with a beguiling stylization." He commented the painting's "skittering highlights" and wrote that it is "as though the whole tableau has been coated in some kind of spray-on rainproofing."
Valerie Nantel wrote in the Concordia Undergraduate Journal of Art History: "The desolate landscape and other elements suggest an immediate connection to Surrealist works. The dreamy quality of fading seems to pull towards the idea of the subconscious." Nantel wrote that the "passivity and detachment of the figures within the work disturb us as emotional beings", and that this "detachment is accentuated by the method in which the figures are rendered. They almost look as if they were stuck on to the canvas."
# USS Beaufort (PCS-1387)

USS Beaufort (PCS-1387) – initially known as USS PCS-1387 -- was a PCS-1376-class submarine chaser acquired by the U.S. Navy during World War II. Although constructed and designed as an anti-submarine patrol ship, she was used throughout the war, and afterwards, as a training ship for sonar operators.

## Built at Whitestone, New York

The fourth ship to be so named by the Navy, Beaufort (PCS-1387) was laid down on 22 May 1943, at Whitestone, New York; launched on 10 October 1944, as simply PCS-1387; sponsored by Miss Barbara C. Dietz; and commissioned at the New York Navy Yard on 27 November 1944.

## World War II service

After fitting out, the subchaser embarked upon her shakedown cruise on 15 December. She conducted that training out of Key West, Florida, between 22 December 1944 and 2 January 1945.
On the latter day, PCS-1387 began duty with the Fleet Sonar School, Key West, Florida, as a training platform for new sonarmen. She also doubled as harbor guard ship at Key West. Such training duties continued past the end of the war, through the late 1940s, and into the 1950s.
The 1950s, however, brought an increase in the extent of her zone of operations for, after that time, she ranged the Atlantic Ocean coast as far north as Narragansett Bay and south into the Caribbean. On 15 February 1956, she was named Beaufort. Just over a month later on 26 March, Beaufort was decommissioned at St. Petersburg, Florida.

## Continued duty as a training ship

Her usefulness to the Navy, however, did not end there. She was retained in service for another 11 years under the Commandant, 6th Naval District, as a training ship for naval reservists.

## Designated as a target ship

On 15 July 1967, her name was struck from the Navy List, and she was turned over to the Naval Weapons Laboratory, Dahlgren, Virginia, for use as a target. Apparently, she was not totally destroyed because she was sold in July 1972 to Mr. David Hahn of British Honduras.
# Al Nahda SC

Al Nahda Sporting Club (Arabic: نادي النهضة الرياضي), or Renaissance in French, was a football club based in the Mar Elias district of Beirut, Lebanon. Supported by the Orthodox community, they were founded in 1926 as Lebanon's first football club.
Nahda have won the inaugural Lebanese Premier League in 1933–34, as well as of the first edition of the Lebanese FA Cup in 1937–38. They are also the first team to have won a domestic double (1946–47), and have won a total of five league titles and four FA Cups. In the 1990s the club faced bankruptcy, and were forced to fold.

## History

Nahda was established on 3 February 1926, by Elias Nakhle Boutrous, Emile Raffoul Boutrous, and Elias Moubarak, as Lebanon's first ever football club. The club won the inaugural Lebanese Premier League in the 1933–34 season; their team consisted of: Elias Nakhle Boutrous, Edmond Rbeiz, Anis Al Lala, Emile Khoury, Georges Karam, Khalil Salmon, Georges Boukhazi, Gebran Boukhazi, Adel Sidani, Youssef Sidani, Jacques Chehab, Jimmy Chehab, Samir Sursuk, Avram Moussa, Elias Moubarak, Toufic Raffoul Boutrous, and Ibrahim Andraos.
Nahda also won the first edition of the Lebanese FA Cup in 1937–38. They are the first team to win a domestic double, in 1946–47. Between the 1930s and 1940s, Nahda won five league titles and four FA Cups.
In 1956 Al Nahda were relegated to the Lebanese Second Division after losing 10–0 on aggregate against Second Division winners Sagesse (9–0 and 0–1) in the play-off game held at the Beirut Municipal Stadium. They failed to gain promotion back to the Premier League, staying in the Second Division until the 1990s, when Nahda faced bankruptcy and were forced to fold.

## Stadium

Nahda established their stadium in 1927, in the Mar Elias district of Beirut, Lebanon. In 1930, the club added wooden stands for 2,000 fans. On 22 December 1946, the club's president Ibrahim Saad put the first cornerstone for a new stadium at the Al Manara district of Ras Beirut, Beirut. The stadium cost £L300,000, or around £stg.34,000.

## Chairmen history

| Name | Years |
| Georges Al Roumi | 1926–1927 |
| Salim Raffoul Boutrous | 1927–1928 |
| Emile Khalil Boutrous | 1928–1929 |
| Bahij Salem | 1929–1931 |
| Georges Rubeiz | 1931–1933 |
| Michel Tedrous | 1933–1934 |
| Farid Ammoun | 1934–1935 |
| Jamil Sawaya | 1936 |
| Hassib Moussawer | 1936–1940 |
| Bahij Salem | 1940–1944 |
| Ibrahim Saad | 1944–1990s |

## Honours
### Domestic

* Lebanese Premier League
** Winners (5): 1933–34, 1941–42, 1942–43, 1946–47, 1948–49
* Lebanese FA Cup
** Winners (4): 1937–38, 1940–41, 1944–45, 1946–47
** Runners-up (1): 1942–43
# Charron, Creuse

Charron (French pronunciation: ; Occitan: Charoms) is a commune in the Creuse department in the Nouvelle-Aquitaine region in central France.

## Geography

An area of forestry and farming comprising the village and several hamlets, situated by the banks of the river Pampeluze, the border with the department of Allier, some 21 miles (34 km) northeast of Aubusson at the junctions of the D4a, D511 and the D998 roads.

## Sights

* The church of St. Martin, dating from the nineteenth century.