OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Gate Church

The Gate Church (Russian: Надвратная церковь), or formally the Church of the Icon of the Mother of God Joy of All Who Sorrow (Russian: Церковь Иконы Божией Матери Всех Скорбящих Радость) is a Russian Orthodox church in Saint Petersburg. It is in the Diocese of Saint Petersburg [ru] and is part of the Alexander Nevsky Lavra.
Prior to the building of the church, from 1725, the gate from the Nevsky Prospect included a two-tiered bell tower with clock. Between 1753 and 1754, a new wooden bell tower was erected and the bells and clock from the old tower were installed in it.

## Design and construction

The church was built as part of the development of the main entrance to the monastery from Nevsky Prospect. Designed by architect Ivan Starov in 1783, it envisaged a wall marking the boundary of the monastery, with access through a gate church, decorated with Doric pilasters and topped with a low dome. Construction of the church took place from 1784 to 1785 under the auspices of M.E. Melentyev, with the interior finishing carried out between autumn 1785 and spring 1786. By one account, the icons were brought from the private chapel of Prince Grigory Potemkin.
The church was consecrated on 15 July 1786, dedicated to the icon of the Mother of God "Joy of All Who Sorrow". Two two-storey residential buildings, today Nevsky Prospect Numbers 177 and 190, and a one-storey poorhouse, were built on the western side of Alexander Nevsky Square between 1788 and 1789, completing the ensemble. On 1 July 1800, the Spiritual Consistory [ru] decreed that the church would function as a parish for artisans serving the Lavra, and for those who rented space along the Kalashnikovskaya Embankment from the monastery.

## Latvian parish and Soviet period

In 1806, the church’s walls were painted; and in 1860, repairs were carried out under the supervision of Mikhail Shchurupov [ru]. In 1904, by authorisation of the Most Holy Synod, the Gate Church hosted a Latvian parish. Services and ceremonies were performed in the Latvian language, and the church hosted a library of books and periodicals, until the Latvian parish was dissolved in 1918. The church was closed in October 1931, and in the 1930s, housed the district council of the Society for the Promotion of Defence, Aviation and Chemical Construction [ru], abbreviated as OSOAVIAKHIM (Russian: ОСОАВИАХИМ).
The church underwent restoration after the siege of Leningrad, between 1949 and 1950, and was used as offices by the directorship of the State Museum of Urban Sculpture [ru].

## Post-Soviet period

The building was returned to the Orthodox Church on 15 April 1994. In September 1997, Bishop Nazariy [ru] consecrated a chapel in the left wing of the church in the name of the icon of the Mother of God "Joy of All Who Sorrow". On 23 September 2014, the church was re-consecrated by the Metropolitan of St. Petersburg and Ladoga Varsonofy Sudakov, and the first Divine Liturgy was held.
# Monument to the Shoemaker

The Monument to the Shoemaker (Portuguese: Monumento Ao Sapateiro) is a public sculpture in Novo Hamburgo, southern Brazil. It was designed by the artist Flávio Scholles in homage to the workers of shoe factories in Novo Hamburgo, and was inaugurated on 1 May 1979. The sculpture is located on a roundabout at the junction of Av. Nações Unidas and Av. Nicolau Becker.
The six vertical elements represent the six days the workers worked each week, under an eight-hour clock, representing eight hours a day working on the production lines.
# Polohy urban hromada

Polohy urban hromada (Ukrainian: Пологівська міська громада) is a hromada of Ukraine, located in Polohy Raion, Zaporizhzhia Oblast. Its administrative center is the city Polohy.
It was formed on 30 March 2018 through the merger of local settlement councils in Polohy Raion.
It has an area of 804.9 kilometres (500.1 mi), and a population of 29,472.

## Composition

The hromada contains 1 city (Polohy) and 22 villages:
* Andriivske [uk]
* Bahate [uk]
* Basan [uk]
* Verbove
* Hryhorivka [uk]
* Dmytrivske [uk]
* Ivana Franka [uk]
* Inzhenerne
* Kostiantynivka [uk]
* Nova Dacha [uk]
* Novokarlivka [uk]
* Novofedorivka
* Ozherelne [uk]
* Pavlivske [uk]
* Polohy [uk]
* Reshetylivske [uk]
* Romanivske [uk]
* Semenivka [uk]
* Tarasivka [uk]
* Ukrainske [uk]
* Chumatske [uk]
* Shevchenkove [uk]

## History

On 30 July 2021, there were news reports about a project by the hromada to install water treatment systems in public places, to provide places like schools and hospitals with optimal water purification systems.
On 2 March 2022, the sale of alcoholic beverages was prohibited in the hromada in accordance with martial law during the Russian invasion of Ukraine.
# Peter Scarff

Peter Scarff (29 March 1908 – 9 December 1933) was a Scottish footballer who played as an inside left.

## Career

Born in Linwood, Scarff played club football for Celtic, making his debut in January 1929, shortly before his 21st birthday. He was highly regarded, with observers noting that he could be a successor to Jimmy McMenemy as the team's creative force and acted a foil for the more direct Jimmy McGrory at centre forward.
Scarff scored ten goals in four league matches in early 1930, and by the end of the 1930–31 season, he had firmly established himself in the Celtic team, making 46 appearances as the club won the Glasgow Cup and the Scottish Cup and also generally improved their league form, finishing within two points of champions Rangers in contrast to the 15-point margin in his debut campaign two years earlier. He had made what proved to be his only appearance for Scotland in February 1931 but also experienced tragedy in September that year, being yards from the incident when teammate John Thomson died after receiving an accidental blow to the head during a match.
Scarff never scored another goal after the Thomson incident and within months it was his health that was in serious doubt when he experienced difficulty breathing during matches and was diagnosed with pulmonary tuberculosis. He played his 119th and last match for Celtic in December 1931, aged 23. He soon relocated to a local sanatorium where it was hoped his condition might improve, but despite periods of remission it was confirmed by summer 1933 that he would never play football again; he died in December of that year.
# Nicias of Miletus

Nicias of Miletus (Ancient Greek: Νικίας; 4th–3rd century BC) was an ancient Greek physician, poet and epigrammatist from Miletus. A confidant of Theocritus (see Idylls 11, 13 and 28), he devoted himself to poetry and eight epigrams ascribed to his name survive in a fragmentary state.
# Tirukkural translations into Polish

As of 2015, there are at least two translations of the Tirukkural available in the Polish language.

## History of translations

The first Polish translation of the Kural text was made in prose in 1958 by Umadevi and Wandy Dynowskiej,$^{:120}$ published by the Indo-Polish Library (Biblioteka Polsko-Indyjska). With 141 pages, it was only a partial translation. During the same year, a parallel edition by the same translator appeared in Poland. A verse translation was made by Bohdan Gębarski, published in 1977 under the title Tirukkural. Święta księga południowych Indii. It is a complete translation. It was published again in 1998.

## Translations

| Translation | Chapter 26, O Mięsożerstwie | Chapter 26, O Mięsożerstwie |
| Translation | Kural 254 (Couplet 26:4) | Kural 258 (Couplet 26:8) |
| Bohdan Gębarski, 1977 | Wiele człowiek ma cech drapieżnego zwierzęcia, Przecież ubój to też mordowanie. | Niech więc śmierć ta przedwcześnie zwierzęciu zadana Nie obciąża twojego sumienia. |
# Lipomyces

Lipomyces is a genus of fungi in the family Dipodascaceae.
Lipomyces starkeyi is known to produce large amounts of lipids and is used in research for potential use as feedstock for biodiesel production.
# Duchy of Gifhorn

The Duchy of Gifhorn (German: Herzogtum Gifhorn) with its residence at Gifhorn Castle was founded in 1539 and lasted only 10 years until the death of its ruler, Duke Francis of Brunswick-Lüneburg in 1549. It consisted of the Ämter of Gifhorn, Fallersleben and Isenhagen Abbey.

## Foundation

The duchy was founded when Duke Francis of Brunswick-Lüneburg returned in 1536 after many years at the court of the Electorate of Saxony in Wittenberg. He demanded from his older brother, Duke Ernest of Brunswick-Lüneburg (known as the Confessor due to his espousal of Lutheran doctrine), to have his own duchy as an inheritance and pressed for a division of the state. Because his demands for the entire eastern half of the dukedom were unacceptable, not least due to the serious debt carried by the state, he was given the Ämter of Gifhorn, Fallersleben and Isenhagen Abbey, near Hankensbüttel, in 1539. Although Francis tried to achieve full sovereignty for his domain, considerable regalia remained with the ducal house in Celle. For example, Celle was responsible for the foreign policy issues and the Gifhorn nobility remained part of the Lüneburg estate.

## Expansion

The Duchy of Gifhorn was a small, easily managed lordship, in which Duke Francis could indulge freely in his noble image of himself and attend to his princely representational duties. He had been impressed by such a lifestyle during his many years at the court of the Saxon Elector in Wittenberg. In 1525 he started to expand Gifhorn Castle into his royal Residenz. Courtly life was characterised by the ostentation of great princely courts; he served food and drink in expensive Venetian glasses, arranged knightly tournaments and royal hunts, employed a court jester and a court chancellor (Hofkanzler). At the same time he built Fallersleben Castle as his rural estate.

## End

His marriage in 1547 to Clara of Saxe-Lauenburg at Ratzeburg only lasted three years because the duke died at the age of 41 from a wound infection. He was interred in the chapel at Gifhorn Castle, where there is still a carved tomb figure on his sarcophagus. His wife, the Duchess Clara, was given Fallersleben Castle as her dowager home as compensation. Because Duke Francis left no male heir, the Duchy of Gifhorn went back to the Principality of Lüneburg.
# Vázsnok

Vázsnok is a village (Hungarian: község) in Hegyhát District, northern Baranya county, in the Southern Transdanubia region of Hungary. Its population at the 2011 census was 136.

## Geography

The village is located at 46° 16′ 0″ N, 18° 8′ 0″ E. Its area is 4.75 km$^2$ (1.83 sq mi). It is part of the Southern Transdanubia statistical region, and administratively it falls under Baranya County and then Hegyhát District. It lies 2 km (1.2 mi) east of the town of Sásd

## Demographics
### 2011 census

As of the census of 2011, there were 136 residents, 54 households, and 34 families living in the village. The population density was 74 inhabitants per square mile (29 inhabitants/km$^2$). There were 59 dwellings at an average density of 32 dwellings per square mile (12 dwellings/km$^2$). The average household size was 2.54. The average number of children was 1.12. The average family size was 2.88.
Religious affiliation was 52.7% Roman Catholic, 0.8% Calvinist, 0.8% Lutheran, and 24.4% unaffiliated, with 21.4% declining to answer.
The village had an ethnic minority Roma population of 2.3%. There were also small numbers of Serbs and Romanians each totaling less than 1% of residents. The vast majority declared themselves as Hungarian (96.2%), with 3.8% declining to answer.

## Local government

The village is governed by a mayor with a four-person council. The local government of the village operates a joint council office with the nearby localities of Baranyaszentgyörgy, Felsőegerszeg, Gödre, Meződ, Palé, Sásd and Varga. The seat of the joint council is in Sásd.

## Transportation
### Railway

* Sásd Train Station, 2.0 km (1.2 mi) to the west of the village. The station is on the Pusztaszabolcs–Pécs and Dombóvár-Komló railway lines and is operated by MÁV.
# Earthquake scenario

Earthquake scenario is a planning tool to determine the appropriate emergency responses or building systems in areas exposed to earthquake hazards. It uses the basics of seismic hazard studies, but usually places a set earthquake on a specific fault, most likely near a high-population area. Most scenarios relate directly to urban seismic risk, and seismic risk in general.
Some earthquake scenarios follow some of the latest methodologies from the nuclear industry, namely a Seismic Margin Assessment (SMA). In the process, a Review Level Earthquake (RLE) is chosen that challenges the system, has a reasonable probability, and is not totally overwhelming.
Scenarios have been developed for Seattle, New York City, and many of the faults in California. In general, areas west of the Rockies use urban earthquakes of M7 (moment magnitude), and eastern cities use an M6.
Some eastern cities do not have an earthquake scenario. As an example, the Greater Toronto area in Ontario, Canada has a local seismicity with about as much a chance for an M6 as most of the moderate earthquake zones of Eastern North America (ENA), including New York City. As seen on the map, the RLE would be an M6 located in the western end of Lake Ontario. It could be suspected that the damage would follow the New York City scenario, with extensive damage to lifelines, and brick buildings on soft ground.
# Kručov

Kručov (Hungarian: Felsőkrucsó) is a village and municipality in Stropkov District in the Prešov Region of north-eastern Slovakia.

## History

In historical records the village was first mentioned in 1390.

## Geography

The municipality lies at an altitude of 123 metres and covers an area of 8.214 km$^2$. It has a population of about 234 people.
# Apologia (disambiguation)

An apologia (Ancient Greek: ἀπολογία) is a speech or writing that defends the speaker or author's position.
Apologia may also refer to:
* Apology (Plato)
* Apology (Xenophon)
* Apologia Pro Vita Sua, a Christian studies book
* Apologia (album), a 2002 indie album
# Santa Teresa del Almendral Airport

Santa Teresa del Almendral Airport (Spanish: Aeropuerto de Santa Teresa del Almendral), (ICAO: SCTS) is an airport 12 kilometres (7.5 mi) north-northwest of Melipilla, a city in the Santiago Metropolitan Region of Chile. The airport is 1 kilometre (0.6 mi) west of the Puangue River.
There is distant rising terrain west and north. Runway 27 has an additional 235 metres (771 ft) of unpaved overrun.
# Schistophleps mundata

Schistophleps mundata is a moth in the subfamily Arctiinae. It was described by Reich in 1957. It is found in China.
# Trial of Kinda El-Khatib

Kinda El-Khatib (Arabic: كندة الخطيب; born 1996/7), a Lebanese activist, was convicted in December 2020 of collaboration with Israel. El-Khatib, a critic of Michel Aoun, the political class of Lebanon, and Hezbollah, was released on appeal in March 2021.

## Background

El-Khatib is a Sunni Muslim from Akkar District, and took part in demonstrations in 2019 and 2020. At the time of her arrest, according to her sister Yasmine, El-Khatib was 23 years old, and was a Masters student in English Literature at the Lebanese University. She had worked for a time in 2018 as a translator for the International Society for Parliamentary Elections.

## Arrest and trial

With her brother Bandar, El-Khatib was arrested by the General Directorate of General Security on 17 June 2020. Bandar was released the following day, but Kinda was detained for six months, before being brought before a military tribunal.
El-Khatib is known as a social media commentator. Her arrest was attributed at the time to a retweet of a posting by Avichay Adraee. She had been particularly active on Twitter since the 17 October Revolution protests of 2019.
There were reports in Al Akhbar in September that El-Khatib was accused of facilitating an interview that Charbel Al-Hajj, who is Lebanese, had given on Israeli television. Brought to trial in a military tribunal in December 2020, in her defence El-Khatib testified on a contact made via Twitter, from a Kan 11 Israeli journalist named Roy Kays (also Roy Case, Roi Kais, he:רועי קייס), whom she did not know. She denied completely charges of entering Israel, and meeting Israelis whom she gave security information. After her conviction, and sentence of three years in prison with hard labour, her lawyer Jocelyne Rahi announced they would appeal. The court also handed down a sentence of ten years to Charbel Al-Hajj (known as Charbel Hage), a Lebanese citizen in the United States, tried in absentia.

## Appeal

Kinda El-Khatib was freed on 16 March 2021, under caution, after a successful appeal to the Court of Cassation. It was announced that there would be a second trial, with no date set. A review of the position of her case in August 2021, on the website of The National, reported that in April of that year the military tribunal indictment was read to journalists at the Military Cassation Court. The second trial, set for 8 April, was postponed to December. Support for El-Khatib as a critical voice was expressed by Nizar Zakka and David Schenker.
# Peter Wilson (footballer, born 1904)

Peter Wilson (25 November 1904 – 13 February 1983) was a Scottish football player and manager.
Born in Beith in Cunninghame (North Ayrshire), Wilson played for Celtic, Hibernian and the Scotland national football team. With Celtic he won four Scottish Cup medals in 1925, 1927, 1931 and 1933 and one Scottish league medal in 1933. He later became player-manager of Dunfermline Athletic and a coach at Kilmarnock.
# White Bird

White Bird may refer to:

## Music and entertainment

* "White Bird" (song), a 1969 song by the San Francisco band It's a Beautiful Day from the album It's a Beautiful Day
* "White Bird", a 1969 song by the Incredible String Band on their album Changing Horses
* "White Bird", a 1983 episode of the American television series Knight Rider
* White Bird (film), a 2023 American film

## Other

* White Bird (Native American leader) (died 1892), Nez Perce leader
* White Bird, Idaho, a town in the United States
* White Bird: A Wonder Story, a 2019 graphic novel
* The White Bird, a French biplane which disappeared while attempting a transatlantic crossing in 1927
* White Bird Hill Summit, a mountain grade and mountain pass on U.S. Highway 95 in North Central Idaho
# Nectarius of Vienne

Nectarius (French: Nectaire) was a semi-legendary, if not spurious, bishop of Vienne believed to have lived in the 5th century. He is considered a pre-congregational saint of the Roman Catholic Church, and his feast day is locally celebrated on July 1 in the Diocese of Grenoble-Vienne.

## Biography

Little is known about him. Archbishop Ado, writing in the 9th century, placed him under the reign of Emperor Constantius II (337-361):
   There also shone at that time Nectarius, bishop of Vienne, remarkable in the teaching of the faith, who presided over the venerable synod of Vaison, preached and taught publicly in his church that the nature of the Father and of the Son and of the Holy Spirit was One as well as their power, their divine essence and their virtue. (Adon de Vienne, Chronicle, VI.)
The historian Ulysse Chevalier (1879) partly takes up the tradition. The historian Louis Duchesne (1894), author of a study on the first bishops of Vienne, only mentions him in passing.

## Council of Vaison

Although Ulysse Chevalier supports the presence of Nectarius at the synod of Vaison, around 350, Claude Charvet, in his history of the church of Vienne (1761), says nothing of him.
Gérard Lucas states that "the Council of Vaison to which Ado refers is not retained in the list of councils established by C.J. Hefele, in his History of the Councils." Historically, only two councils were held at Vaison, the first in 442 and the second in 529. He concludes that "Ado himself is probably the origin of the confusion, in consequence of his false chronology", which he argues was composed by Ado to provide a "champion" bishop for the church in Vienne, of which he was himself archbishop.
# Ahangar Kola, Qaem Shahr

AhangarKela (AhangarKala; Persian: اهنگركلا, also Romanized as Āhangar Kolā and Āhangar Kalā; also known as Āhangar Kolā-ye Bīsheh Sar) is a village in Aliabad Rural District, in the Central District of Qaem Shahr County, Mazandaran Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 1,554, in 432 families.
# Before My Heart Falls

Before My Heart Falls (French: Avant que mon cœur bascule) is a Canadian drama film, directed by Sébastien Rose and released in 2012. The film centres on Sarah (Clémence Dufresne-Deslières), a young con artist who regularly fakes a crisis on the side of the road so that she can rob men who stop to help her; however, after one of her cons results in a man's accidental death, she befriends the man's grieving widow Françoise (Sophie Lorain) while simultaneously trying to maintain her relationship with her crime boss Ji-Guy (Sébastien Ricard).
The film premiered on September 14, 2012 at the Quebec City Film Festival, before opening commercially on November 12.
Brendan Kelly of the Montreal Gazette gave the film a mixed review, praising Dufresne-Deslières's performance as a "force of nature" but concluding that the film ultimately "just doesn't have the emotional punch it should have".
The film received two Prix Jutra nominations at the 15th Jutra Awards in 2013, for Best Supporting Actor (Ricard) and Best Supporting Actress (Lorain).
The film was broadcast by Ici Radio-Canada Télé in 2019.
# Paddy Doherty (Gaelic footballer)

Paddy Doherty (born 1934) is a former Irish sportsperson. Born in Ballykinlar, County Down, he played Gaelic football with his local club Ballykinlar and was a member of the Down senior inter-county team from the 1950s until the 1960s. Doherty captained Down to the All-Ireland title in 1961.
Sexual Assault Allegations and Trial of the Facts:
On May 10th 2024, Doherty was found to have committed the act of sexual assault on 8 counts at Downpatrick Crown Court after a Trial of the Facts. The assaults on four young women took place between 1981 and 1986.

## Honours

* 7 Ulster Senior Football Championships (1959 1960 1961 1963 1965 1966 1968)
* 3 All-Ireland Senior Football Championships (1960 1961 1968)
* 3 National Football League Division 1s (1960 1962 1968)
* 3 Down Junior Football Championships (1936 1941 1945)
* 2 Down Division 1 Football Leagues (1961 1962)
# Aluniș, Mureș

Aluniș (Hungarian: Magyaró) is a commune in Mureș County, Transylvania, Romania. It is composed of three villages: Aluniș, Fițcău (Fickópataka) and Lunca Mureșului (Holtmaros).

## Natives

* Ödön Tömösváry
# Tolokiwa Island

Tolokiwa Island, also known as Lottin Island, is an island in the Bismarck Sea. The island is volcanic in origin and part of the Bismarck Archipelago.

## Description

Tolokiwa Island was built up by a series of volcanic eruptions during the Pleistocene epoch. The well-vegetated island is an important natural site for birds, and is home to several species of resident birds (which it unusually shares with nearby islands). Tolokiwa is also home to a subspecies of Turdus Poliocephalus.
The island sustained damage during the 1888 eruption of nearby Ritter Island, which caused a tsunami to hit Tolokiwa.