OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# 426 BC Malian Gulf tsunami

The 426 BC Malian Gulf tsunami devastated the coasts of the Malian and Euboean Gulfs, Greece, in the summer of 426 BC. Thucydides inquired into its causes, and concluded that the tsunami must have been caused by an earthquake. He was thus historically the first known to correctly interpret the cause of a tsunami as a preceding geological event. Herodotus, in contrast, had attributed the Potidaea tsunami to the divine wrath of Poseidon.

## Ancient records

The Malian Gulf paleotsunami was caused by one of a series of earthquakes in the summer of 426 BC which affected the course of the Peloponnesian War by forcing the advancing Spartans to abort their planned invasion of Attica. Strabo reported that throughout Greece parts of islands were submerged, rivers permanently displaced and towns devastated. The tsunami itself hit the coast of the Malian Gulf at three different places, reaching towns as far as three quarters of a mile inland. The force of the tsunami was such that at one place a trireme was lifted out of its dock and thrown over a city wall.
Thucydides gave the following account, noting the characteristic sequence of quake, receding water and huge wave:
   About the same time that these earthquakes were so common, the sea at Orobiae, in Euboea, retiring from the then line of coast, returned in a huge wave and invaded a great part of the town, and retreated leaving some of it still under water; so that what was once land is now sea; such of the inhabitants perishing as could not run up to the higher ground in time. A similar inundation also occurred at Atalanta, the island off the Opuntian-Locrian coast, carrying away part of the Athenian fort and wrecking one of two ships which were drawn up on the beach. At Peparethus also the sea retreated a little, without however any inundation following; and an earthquake threw down part of the wall, the town hall, and a few other buildings.
   The cause, in my opinion, of this phenomenon must be sought in the earthquake. At the point where its shock has been the most violent the sea is driven back, and suddenly recoiling with redoubled force, causes the inundation. Without an earthquake I do not see how such an accident could happen.
While the epicentre of the 426 BC Malian Gulf tsunami quake is yet to be located, evidence points at a crustal movement along one of the faults in the Euboean gulf, rather than submarine landslides.
# Giannis Baltimas

Giannis Baltimas (Greek: Γιάννης Μπαλτιμάς; born 21 June 1975) is a retired Greek football goalkeeper.
# Anne Higonnet

Anne Higonnet is an American art historian. She is Ann Whitney Olin Professor at Barnard College.

## Biography

Higonnet received her B.A. from Harvard University in 1980 and Ph.D. from Yale University in 1988. She was an assistant professor at Wellesley College before joining the Barnard College faculty.
Higonnet's scholarship focuses on 19th century art, art collecting, and the history of childhood. She created an online project with the Morgan Library & Museum on fashion plates from the Journal des Dames et des Modes from 1797 to 1804 to demonstrate the revolution in women's fashion during the early 19th century, namely, how women turned their underwear into outerwear, adopted Indian textiles, and invented the handbag. She is a biographer of Berthe Morisot.
Her students include Denise Murrell, curator at the Metropolitan Museum of Art.
Higonnet was a 2019-2020 Radcliffe fellow. She also received a 2001 Guggenheim Fellowship.
She is currently married to Yale University economist John Geanakoplos.
In 2010, Higonnet was arrested and charged with disorderly conduct for an incident involving the parent of a Worthington Hooker Middle School student. It was alleged that Higonnet grabbed the parent's collar and yelled at them for improperly using the Everit Street back gate, which abuts a residential street, instead of using the front entrance. She faced a fine of up to $500 or up to three months in jail. The case was dismissed five months later, after Higonnet voluntarily served 10 hours of community service and wrote a “letter of regret.”
# Obručné

Obručné (Rusyn: Обручне; Hungarian: Abroncsos) is a village and municipality in Stará Ľubovňa District in the Prešov Region of northern Slovakia.

## History

In historical records the village was first mentioned in 1656. Before the establishment of independent Czechoslovakia in 1918, Obručné was part of Sáros County within the Kingdom of Hungary. From 1939 to 1945, it was part of the Slovak Republic. On 21 January 1945, the Red Army dislodged the Wehrmacht from Obručné and it was once again part of Czechoslovakia.

## Geography

The municipality lies at an altitude of 655 metres and covers an area of 5.860 km$^2$. It has a population of about 52 people.
# Young Women's Leadership School

The Young Women's Leadership School (TYWLS) are public secondary schools for grades 6–12 that are operated by Student Leadership Network. TYWLS provide a single-gender educational choice for students who are often the first in their families to attend college.

## Other schools

* Coretta Scott King Young Women's Leadership Academy, Atlanta, Georgia
# Nachman Nathan Coronel

Nachman Nathan Coronel (Hebrew: נחמן נתן קורונל, romanized: Naḥman Natan Koronel; 1810 – 6 August 1890) was a Jerusalemite Jewish scholar.

## Biography

Coronel was born in Amsterdam to a Sephardic father and Ashkenazic mother. His teacher was Rabbi Abraham Susan. In 1830 he emigrated to Safed, Palestine, where he married, afterward settling in Jerusalem. There he studied in the Sephardic yeshiva. He became especially interested in rabbinical manuscripts, and acquired many rare copies, some of which he sold to European libraries, while others he published with his own annotations.
Coronel was awarded by the Emperor of Austria the gold medal for art and science.

## Publications

* Bet Natan [The House of Nathan]. Vienna. 1854.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) Containing a varied version of Berakhot, manuscripts of Cairo, and decisions by Isaiah di Trani the Elder, with an introduction by Coronel.
* Ḥamishshah Konterisim [Five Pamphlets]. Vienna. 1864. hdl:2027/hvd.32044088164140.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) Containing a varied version of Kallah [he], decisions in jurisprudence by Solomon Tazerat, and a letter of excommunication by David the Exilarch.
* Seder Rav Amram Gaon. Warsaw. 1865. hdl:2027/nnc1.cu58938583.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) Containing a liturgy of the geonic period.
* Teshuvot ha-Geonim [Responsa of Geonim]. Vienna. 1871. hdl:2027/mdp.39015069849233.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) Rules for the slaughter and examination of animals, by Rabbi Jonah.
* Zekher Natan [Memory of Nathan]. Vienna. 1872. hdl:2027/osu.32435052686177.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) Selected religious regulations for travelers.
* Piske Ḥalah. Jerusalem. 1876. hdl:2027/uc1.g0001598515.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) Decisions by Solomon ben Adret in reference to appropriating ḥallah (the priests' share of the dough), and decisions by Jacob ben Zahal of Jerusalem. Coronel, in his own essay, Ḥakor Davar [Search out a Matter], attempted to establish a precedent for the exemption, like the Levite tithe, of the appropriation of ḥallah outside the Holy Land, for which he was rebuked by the rabbis of Jerusalem.
* Alfasi Zuta [The [Abridged] Alfasi]. Jerusalem. 1885.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) By Menahem Azariah da Fano, with Coronel's commentary.
# Tippe top

A tippe top is a kind of top that when spun, will spontaneously invert itself to spin on its narrow stem. It was invented by a German nurse, Helene Sperl in 1898.

## Description

A tippe top usually has a body shaped like a truncated sphere, with a short narrow stem attached perpendicular to the center of the flat circular surface of truncation. The stem may be used as a handle to pick up the top, and is also used to spin the top into motion.
When a tippe top is spun at a high angular velocity, its stem slowly tilts downwards more and more until it suddenly lifts the body of the spinning top off the ground, with the stem now pointing downward. Eventually, as the top's spinning rate slows, it loses stability and eventually topples over, like an ordinary top.
At first glance the top's inversion may mistakenly seem to be a situation where the object spontaneously gains overall energy. This is because the inversion of the top raises the object's center of mass, which means the potential energy has in fact increased. What causes the inversion (and the increase in potential energy) is a torque due to surface friction, which also decreases the kinetic energy of the top, so the total energy does not actually increase.
Once the top is spinning on its stem, it does not spin in the opposite direction to which its spin was initiated. For example, if the top was spun clockwise, as soon as it is on its stem, it will be spinning clockwise viewed from above. This constant spin direction is due to conservation of angular momentum.

## Theory

It is usually assumed that the speed of the tippe top at the point of contact with the plane is zero (i.e. there is no slippage). However, as indicated by P. Contensou, this assumption does not lead to a correct physical description of the top's motion. The unusual behavior of the top can be fully described by considering dry friction forces at the contact point.
# Heshmat Mohajerani

Heshmatollah Mohajerani (Persian: حشمت الله مهاجرانى, born 13 December 1939) is a retired Iranian association football midfielder and manager.

## Early life and playing career

Mohajerani was born to Asadoolah Mohajerani and Leila Nassiri in a family of six siblings. After years, his family moved to Tehran and his older brothers began playing football in Taj's youth teams. At the age of 20, Mohajerani also joined Taj SC (now known as Esteghlal) and retired after the 1969 World Military Cup held in Greece.

## Personal life

Mohajerani married Zari Sheikhan in 1969.

## Managerial statistics

| Team | Nat | From | To | Record | Record | Record | Record | Record |
| G | W | D | L | Win % |
| Iran U-20 | | January 1971 | February 1976 | 35 | 26 | 7 | 2 | 074.29 |
| Iran U-23 | | March 1972 | August 1975 | 10 | 8 | 2 | 0 | 080.00 |
| Iran | | August 1975 | September 1978 | 28 | 15 | 7 | 6 | 053.57 |
| Al-Shaab | | July 1979 | July 1980 | 30 | 19 | 6 | 5 | 063.33 |
| United Arab Emirates | | July 1980 | December 1984 | 26 | 10 | 4 | 12 | 038.46 |
| Al-Wahda | | December 1984 | June 1986 | 52 | 34 | 10 | 8 | 065.38 |
| Oman | | May 1992 | June 1994 | 11 | 3 | 5 | 3 | 027.27 |
| Al-Ahli | | January 1998 | May 1999 | 38 | 21 | 10 | 7 | 055.26 |
| Total | Total | Total | Total | 217 | 126 | 48 | 43 | 058.06 |

## Honours
### Playing honours
#### Taj

* Tehran Football League: 1960, 1962, 1964, Runner-up 1959
* Tehran Hazfi Cup: 1959

### Managerial honours
#### Iran U-20

* Asian Youth Championship: 1973, 1974, 1975, 1976

#### Iran

* AFC Asian Cup: 1976
* Summer Olympic Games: Quarter-final 1976
* FIFA World Cup Qualification: 1978

#### Al-Shaab

* UAE President's Cup: Runner-up 1979–80

#### UAE

* Arabian Gulf Cup: Third-place 1982

#### Al-Wahda

* UAE Union Cup: 1985

#### Al-Ahli

* Emir of Qatar Cup: Runner-up 1997–98
* Sheikh Jassem Cup: Runner-up 1998–99
# Vyshgorod (disambiguation)

Vyshgorod (Russian: Вышгород, Ukrainian: Вишгород), literally "upper town" may refer to:
* Vyshhorod, town in Vyshhorod Raion, Kyiv Oblast, Ukraine; medieval residence of Kyivan rulers
** Vyshhorod Raion, raion in Kyiv Oblast, Ukraine, whose administrative centre is Vyshhorod
* Vyshgorod, village in Ryazansky District, Ryazan Oblast, Russia
* Vyshgorod, village in Kuvshinovsky District, Tver Oblast, Russia
* Toompea, hill and historical ruling centre inside the old town of Tallinn, Estonia, often referred to as Вышгород (Vyshgorod) in Russian language
# John Hinch (mathematician)

Edward John Hinch FRS (born 4 March 1947) is a Professor of fluid dynamics at the University of Cambridge, and fellow of Trinity College, Cambridge.
His research covers a wide range of fluid dynamics, including micro-hydrodynamics, colloidal dispersion, flow through porous media, polymer rheology and non-Newtonian fluid dynamics. He also works on industrial problems involving fluid dynamics, including collaborating with experimental groups in Paris, Marseille and Toulouse. He lectures undergraduates at the University of Cambridge, is a Director of Studies for Trinity College, and supervises PhD students.
John Hinch has published more than a hundred papers on fluid dynamics. Since 1997 he has been a Fellow of the Royal Society and he is also a Knight of the Ordre National du Mérite of France and a Fellow of the American Physical Society. In 2012, Hinch was elected a member of the National Academy of Engineering for contributions to the mechanics of fluids, suspensions, and polymeric liquids and to industrial processes.
# Electric-Techno Neon Gods

Electric-Techno Neon Gods (Chinese: 電音三太子; pinyin: Diànyīn Sāntàizi; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Tiān-im Sam-thài-chú), sam thai tsu (Chinese: 三太子; pinyin: Sāntàizi; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Sam-thài-chú), or Techno Prince Nezha is a subcultural dance performance which combines a traditional Taiwan folk dance performance (Chinese: 陣頭; pinyin: zhèntóu; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tīn-thâu) with modern pop music.
There are two theories about the origin of the Electric-Techno Neon Gods. One says it is from Beigang Township, Yunlin County, Taiwan; while the other one says it started from Puzi City, Chiayi County, Taiwan. According to reliable sources, some people dressed up as bodyguards of the gods (Chinese: 大仙尪仔; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tōa-sian ang-á) and performed similar dances during religious parades at local temples. As many of the dancers were young people who enjoyed going clubbing, they began combining the traditional dances with electronic music. Later on, professional dance teams specializing in Electric-Techno Neon Gods dancing were formed. The costumes worn by dancers are based on traditional outfits with trendy elements added to them, such as oversized sunglasses and LED lights. White gloves are commonly worn as in Taiwan it is popular to wear gloves while dancing.
Apart from being performed during religious rituals, Electric-Techno Neon Gods dances now often take place during many secular events in Taiwan. Such dances were performed during the opening ceremonies of the World Games 2009, 2009 Summer Deaflympics, Expo 2010 Shanghai China, the 2010 Taipei International Flora Exposition, and other international activities and exhibitions.
# Shchetinovka

Shchetinovka (Russian: Щетиновка) is a rural locality (a selo) and the administrative center of Shchetinovskoye Rural Settlement, Belgorodsky District, Belgorod Oblast, Russia. The population was 906 as of 2010. There are 13 streets.

## Geography

Shchetinovka is located 29 km southwest of Maysky (the district's administrative centre) by road. Valkovsky is the nearest rural locality.
# Caresus River

Caresus or Karesos (Ancient Greek: Κάρησος) was a river of the ancient Troad, mentioned by Homer in the Iliad. The river gave name to a mountainous district called Caresene through which it flowed. It flows into the Aesepus River. The Caresus had a considerable valley (αὐλῶν), but less than that of the Aesepus. The Caresus springs between Palaescepsis and Achaeum, which is opposite to the island of Tenedos. There was a town of the same name that ruined before Strabo's time.
Its identification is unknown.
# Tsakonas

Tsakonas (Greek: Τσάκωνας) is a surname of Greek origin. Notable people with the surname include:
* Kostas Tsakonas (1943–2015), Greek actor
* Lykourgos-Stefanos Tsakonas (born 1990), Greek sprinter
# Thanopoulos (surname)

Thanopoulos (Greek: Θανόπουλος) is a Greek surname.

## Notable people

Notable people with this surname include:
* Dimitrios Thanopoulos (born 1959), Greek wrestler
* Dimitris Thanopoulos (born 1987), Greek footballer
* Elefthérios Thanópoulos, racewalker who holds the Greek record for the 10,000-m track
# Ahmad ibn al-Hasan al-Kalbi

Ahmad ibn al-Hasan al-Kalbi (Arabic: ﺍﺣﻤﺪ بن الحسن الكلبي) was the second Kalbid Emir of Sicily. He was the son of the first Kalbid emir, al-Hasan ibn Ali al-Kalbi, who ruled the island on behalf of the Fatimid Caliphate. Ahmad succeeded his father in May 953 until 968, apart from a brief interruption in 958/9. In the 960s, he led the completion of the Muslim conquest of Sicily by capturing the last Byzantine strongholds of Taormina and Rometta and defeating a Byzantine relief expedition. He was recalled to Ifriqiya to participate in the upcoming Fatimid conquest of Egypt, and died there shortly after.
# Royal Monastery of La Encarnación

The Real Monasterio de la Encarnación (Royal Monastery of the Incarnation) is a convent of the order of Recollet Augustines located in Madrid, Spain. The institution mainly interned women from noble families, and was founded by the Queen Margaret of Austria, wife of Philip III, and thus was well endowed with wealth. Although it belongs to an enclosed religious order, the building is open to the public under the administration of the Patrimonio Nacional.

## History

The impulse for the founding of the monastery by Queen Margaret, and sometimes the nuns are called las Margaritas, was to celebrate her husband's expulsion of the Moriscos, resident Moors. The queen had the prioress of the monastery of discalced nuns of San Agustín in Valladolid, Mother Mariana de San José, accompanied by Francisca de San Ambrosio (sister of the marquesa de Pozas), Catalina de la Encarnación, and Isabel de la Cruz. First lodged in the Convent of Santa Isabel while they awaited the completion, they received donations from the king and queen, including jewels, to finance the monastery. The monastery was built adjacent to the then extant Real Alcázar, and had a passageway to allow the royals direct access. The monastery was inaugurated on 2 July 1616, a few years after the queen had died.
The architect and friar Alberto de la Madre de Dios designed and built the monastery between 1611 and 1616. The facade has a sobriety recalling the style of Juan de Herrera. The monastery, now partly a museum, has a wealth of works of art and relics including tubes with the blood of St. Januarius and of St. Pantaleon.
During the reign of Charles IV of Spain, his prime minister, Manuel Godoy, would attend daily mass here, walking from his nearby Palace of Marqués de Grimaldi. When Joseph Bonaparte entered Madrid as king, a hanged cat was found on the monastery gate with the writing: Si no lías pronto el hato,/ te verás como este gato. ("If you don't leave this town soon/ you'll end up like this cat"). In the 19th century, the composer Lorenzo Román Nielfa was professor of music here. The monastery was open to the public in 1965.
The interior of the church was redecorated in the 18th century, including frescoes in the ceiling of the main chapel by Francisco Bayeu. In the center of the retablor of the main altar is an Annunciation by Vincenzo Carducci. On the sides of the altar are the sculptures of Augustine of Hippo and his mother Saint Monica by Gregorio Fernández. The tabernacle was completed by Ventura Rodríguez. The small statues of the Doctors of the Church and the bas-relief of the Savior are by Isidro Carnicero.
The monastery features paintings and sculptures by Luca Giordano, Juan van der Hamen, Pedro de Mena, José de Mora (Mater Dolorosa), and Gregorio Fernández (Dead Christ and Christ at the column).
# List of British concentration camps during the Mau Mau Uprising

The British government used concentration camps during the 1952–1960 Mau Mau Uprising in British Kenya. Thomas Askwith, the official tasked with designing the British 'detention and rehabilitation' programme during the summer and autumn of 1953, termed his system the Pipeline. The British did not initially conceive of rehabilitating Mau Mau suspects through brute force and other ill-treatment—Askwith's final plan, submitted to Baring in October 1953, was intended as "a complete blueprint for winning the war against Mau Mau using socioeconomic and civic reform." What developed, however, has been described as a British gulag.
Two types of work camps were set up. The first type were based in Kikuyu districts with the stated purpose of achieving the Swynnerton Plan; the second were punitive camps, designed for the 30,000 Mau Mau suspects who were deemed unfit to return to the reserves. These forced-labour camps provided a much needed source of labour to continue the colony's infrastructure development.
Colonial officers also saw the second sort of works camps as a way of ensuring that any confession was legitimate and as a final opportunity to extract intelligence. Probably the worst works camp to have been sent to was the one run out of Embakasi Prison, for Embakasi was responsible for the Embakasi Airport, the construction of which was demanded to be finished before the Emergency came to an end. The airport was a massive project with an unquenchable thirst for labour, and the time pressures ensured the detainees' forced labour was especially hard.
The following list includes detention camps of various types, organized by district or province.
The Museum of British Colonialism is also documenting the camps for exhibitions and awareness.

## Fort Hall District

* Fort Hall Reception Centre
* Kamaguta
* Kandara
* Kangema
* Kigumo
* Mariira

## Kirinyaga District

* Dondueni
* Gathigiriri
* Kandongu
* Karaba
* Mwea
* Thiba

## Meru District

* Mbeû
* Miathene
* Machakû

## Nyeri District

* Aguthi
* Karatina
* Mukuruweini
* Mweru
* Othaya
* Nyeri Show Ground

## Kiambu District

* Gatundu
* Githiga
* Kiambu Transit Camp
* Ngenya
* Waithaka

## Rift Valley Province

* Marigat

## Coast Province

* Hola
* Mkobe
* Takwa

## Southern Province

* Athi River
* Kathonzweni
* Mara River
* Ngulot

## Miscellaneous

* Lodwar
* Kamiti
* Mageta Island
* Manyani
* Nairobi Dispersal Centre
* Saiyusi Island
* South Yatta
* Fort Hall Prison
* Embu Prison
* Meru Detention Camp
* Kisumu Prison
* Marsabit Prison
* Nairobi New Prison
* Kamiti 'Y' Camp
* Hindi
* Mombasa Prison
* Wamumu
# Norwegian Charity for the Homeless

The Norwegian Charity for the Homeless (Norwegian: Understøttelsesselskabet for Husarme) was an association founded in 1838 in Christiania, Norway that worked to "alleviate the suffering of those worthy individuals whose upbringing and social circumstances make it difficult for them to receive support." The bylaws stipulated that at least five board members should be women and five board members men. The association's board members were largely representatives of the capital's civil servant elite and the prominent and wealthy bourgeoisie, and the association received significant donations from prominent businessmen such as Jacob Peter Meyer. From 1949, it became a public foundation. The association administered several charitable trusts.
# Ust-Burgaltay

Ust-Burgaltay (Russian: Усть-Бургалтай) is a rural locality (an ulus) in Zakamensky District, Republic of Buryatia, Russia. The population was 394 as of 2010. There are 8 streets.

## Geography

Ust-Burgaltay is located 69 km east of Zakamensk (the district's administrative centre) by road. Mikhaylovka is the nearest rural locality.
# Bathymophila aages

Bathymophila aages is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Solariellidae.

## Description

The size of the shell attains 4.6 mm. The shell usually looks circular and pale.

## Distribution

This marine species occurs off Indonesia.
# Minye

Minye (Ancient Greek: Μινύη) was a town in ancient Thessaly. It is mentioned in an inscription dated to the 2nd century BCE from Pelasgiotis. It is unlocated.
# Danilovo, Perm Krai

Danilovo (Russian: Данилово) is a rural locality (a village) in Gaynskoye Rural Settlement, Gaynsky District, Perm Krai, Russia. The population was 222 as of 2010. There are 4 streets.

## Geography

Danilovo is located 6 km south of Gayny (the district's administrative centre) by road. Modorobo is the nearest rural locality.