OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Gʻallaorol District

39°59′18″N 67°35′02″E﻿ / ﻿39.9882°N 67.5840°E﻿ / 39.9882; 67.5840
Gʻallaorol (Uzbek: Gʻallaorol tumani, Russian: Галляаральский район) is a district of Jizzakh Region, Uzbekistan. The capital lies at the city Gʻallaorol. It has an area of 1,950 km$^2$ (750 sq mi) and its population is 173,000 (2020 est.).

## Settlements

The district consists of one city (Gʻallaorol), 6 urban-type settlements (Marjonbuloq, Qoʻytosh, Lalmikor, Qangliobod, Abdukarim, Chuvilloq) and 14 rural communities (Gʻoʻbdin, Xonimqo'rg'on, Ittifoq, Gulchambar, Qipchoqsuv, Koʻkbuloq, Korizquduq, Guliston, Buloqboshi, Madaniyat, Mirzabuloq, Moltob, Tozaurugʻ, Mulkush).

## Population

It has a population of 173,000 people. The average population density is 89 people per km$^2$. The urban population is 60.9 thousand, the rural population is 112.1 thousand people.

## Geography
### Topography

The central and western part of the Gʻallaorol district is composed of plains, with high mountain ranges and mountains. The district is surrounded by Nurata Range from the north and the Molguzar Mountain in the east. It borders with Jizzakh, Bakhmal, and Forish districts of Jizzakh Region and with Buklungur, Jomboy, and Kushrabot districts of Samarqand Region to the west.

### Geology

The most parts of the Gʻallaorol district is formed by plains consisting of loess and yellow soil layer, moving from 380 to 400 meters to the north of 1600-1900 meters to the north. This plain, formed by the Sangzor River, dates back to the Nurata mountain range. The soil in the central and northern part of the hillsides is a greasy, opaque, typical gray soils formed on the soil. The territory of the district is rich in mineral resources such as lead minerals, zircon, zinc and gold. There are sand, gravel, gypsum, granite, limestone and other homogeneous construction materials of local significance. The district also profits from mineral water supply.

### Climate

Climate is sharp continental, dry summer, cold winter. The average January temperature is -2 °C and 32 °C in July. Yearly rainfall is 326 mm. Vegetation period is 240 days.

## Economy

In the community and private farms of the district have cattle, sheep and goats, poultry and parrots. There is also a production of cereals, vegetables, potatoes, melons and vine.

## Wildlife

The wild-growing plants are tulips, lilac, mulberry, sesame, shoreta, wormwood, spruce, bergamot, among others. The fauna consists of wolves, foxes, hogs, alleys, arches, rabbits; rodents, frogs, poisonous snakes, echinaceae, hawthorn, the moth, the mushroom, the field mouse; eagles, birds, quails, shrubs, doves, pigeons, there are various fishes in the water basins. Some kinds of mushroom also exist.

## History

There are several archeological sites dating back until the first century (BC), called Qoʻngʻirtepa, Shaxidtepa, Almantepa, Jalmantepa, Lapaktepa, Pardakultepa, Nushkent.
Established on September 29, 1926, it was called Yangiqoʻrgʻon district until 1931.
# Kulakkada

Kulakkada is a village in Kollam district in the state of Kerala, India.
Kulakkada is also a panchayath headquartered in Mavadi. The main towns in kulakkada panchayath are Kulakkada, Puthoor and Poovattoor. The Thiruvananthapuram–Angamaly M.C. road passes through Kulakkada. This village situated at bank of kallada river

## Demographics

As of 2001 India census, Kulakkada had a population of 14874 with 7194 males and 7680 females.

## Schools and colleges

* Govt VHSS Kulakkada
* Govt LP School Kulakkada
* Kerala University CTE Kulakkada
* DVUP School Thazhathu Kulakkada
* DVLP School Thazhathu kulakkada
* GWLP School Kuttara

## Church

* CGI Kulakkada (Church of God(Full Gospel) in India), Thiruthilambalam)
* St Thomas Mar Thomas Church, Malappara
* St Gregorious Orthodox Church, EarthuKulakkada
* St George Orthodox Valiyapally, Thuruthilambalam
* Evangelical church, Thuruthilambalam
# Staromunasipovo

Staromunasipovo (Russian: Старомунасипово; Bashkir: Иҫке Монасип, İśke Monasip) is a rural locality (a village) in Staromunasipovsky Selsoviet, Burzyansky District, Bashkortostan, Russia. The population was 635 as of 2010. There are 12 streets.

## Geography

Staromunasipovo is located 25 km northeast of Starosubkhangulovo (the district's administrative centre) by road. Novomunasipovo is the nearest rural locality.
# Estación Talca

Estación Talca is a railway station of the Empresa de los Ferrocarriles del Estado, located in Talca, Chile. It is the main railway station in the Maule Region. It is located on 11 Oriente avenue. Estación Talca is part of the Red Sur EFE, the TerraSur and the Expreso Maule inter-city services have a stop here. The nearby Talca Bus Terminal is within walking distance from the Station.
The first section was constructed and opened in 1982. The most recent section was constructed on 1915, leading into stations in Manquehua and Constitución.

## Lines and trains

The following lines and trains pass through or terminate at Estación Talca:
* Red Sur EFE
** TerraSur inter-city service (Alameda - Chillán)
** Expreso Maule inter-city service (Alameda - Linares)
* Ramal Constitución
** Tren Regional Buscarril (Estación Talca - Estación Constitución)

## Adjacent stations

| ← | Service | → |
| Estación Molina | Red Sur EFE | Estación San Javier |
| Estación Colín | Ramal Constitución | Terminus |
35°25′45.89″S 71°38′59.266″W﻿ / ﻿35.4294139°S 71.64979611°W﻿ / -35.4294139; -71.64979611
# Marsac, Tarn-et-Garonne

Marsac (French pronunciation:; Occitan: Marçac) is a commune in the Tarn-et-Garonne department in the Occitanie region in southern France.
# Araponga Municipal Nature Park

The Araponga Municipal Nature Park (Portuguese: Parque Natural Municipal da Araponga) is a municipal nature park in the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

## Location

The Araponga Municipal Nature Park is in the municipality of São José do Vale do Rio Preto, Rio de Janeiro. It has an area of 1,978.9 hectares (4,890 acres). The park protects an area of Atlantic Forest. It is one of the conservation units that protect the sources of the Piabanha River.

## History

The Araponga Municipal Nature Park was created by municipal decree 1.653 of 5 June 2006. It is administered by the Municipal Department of the Environment of São José do Vale do Rio Preto. The park was included in the Central Rio de Janeiro Atlantic Forest Mosaic, created in December 2006. As of 2010 there were no planning documents and no consultative council.
# Critique of Modernity

Critique of Modernity (French: Critique de la modernité) is a 1992 book by the French sociologist Alain Touraine. It attempts to offer a critique of modernity which is neither antimodern nor postmodern, but proposes a rebuilt modernity based on the subject's liberation.

## Summary

Touraine describes how a modernity based on the idea of reason has been questioned by various parties. Its purported universalism has been criticized for how its elite has been unable to recognize the particular experiences of groups such as the working class, the colonized, women and children. Touraine recognizes this as a problem, but rejects the acceptance of human diversity as a solution, because accepting difference would also be to accept intolerance and conflict. He also rejects postmodernism, which he simply views as an exhaustion of the same modernity.
Touraine proposes a rebuilt modernity. Instead of the dualist modernity of René Descartes and the Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen, which has been destroyed by Friedrich Nietzsche, Sigmund Freud, consumerism and nationalism, Touraine wants to base modernity on the subject's struggle for freedom. This includes the individual's as well as the group's will to control their own lives, in opposition to the logic of market forces and power. Touraine's preferred modernity therefore recognizes the need for memory and belonging, which becomes part of a correspondence with reason and the subject's liberation.

## Reception

Pierre Muller argued that the book lacks the necessary keys to understand the relationship between the subject-individual and the collective actor, which is crucial for the proposed new forms of mediation, as well as for any issues concerning exclusion and citizenship. Still, Muller found the book "extremely stimulating" for its "original contribution to the current debate on the crisis of political mediation and, more generally, on the place of the individual in sociological analysis", although it "opens more doors than it offers answers".
Barry Cooper wrote that Touraine was a "master of the genre" of deconstruction, but that "those who are puzzled by opacity of argumentation and bored by repetitive, allusive language bursting with metaphors may wish not to devote their time to his text". Cooper thought the book led to a "dead end" which could have been used to "question the modern premises of modernity, to recall that modernity was in its genesis a rejection of something not modern", although this would collide with the author's historicist approach. Cooper wrote that "Touraine has provided political philosophers with a symptom of the disorders they are called upon to analyze". Peter Beilharz described the book as "a kind of summary of a life's work" and "arguably longer than it needs to be", and wrote that What Is Democracy? and Can We Live Together? possibly are better titles to start with for readers who are new to Touraine's work.
# Bni Mansour

Bni Mansour (Arabic: بني منصور) is a small town and rural commune in Chefchaouen Province, Tanger-Tetouan-Al Hoceima, Morocco. At the time of the 2004 census, the commune had a total population of 18,542 people living in 2468 households.
# Calansho Desert

Calansho Desert (Sarīr Kalanshiyū, Calansho Serir) is a desert in eastern Libya in Al Wahat District. It is part of the Sahara and has a hot desert climate (BWh). It is primarily rocky in the north and center, but forms part of the "Great Sand Sea" to the east and contains the Calanshio Sand Sea to the south. As Sarīr is the only settlement in the Sarīr Kalanshiyū. The Sarir oil field is located in the western Sarīr Kalanshiyū.
It is currently thought that the ancestral Nile flowed through what is now the Calansho Desert during the Miocene.

## Climate

Like most inland deserts it is hot during the day and cold at night, with the average annual temperature being around 25 °C (77 °F). The warmest month is August, when the average temperature is 36 °C (97 °F) and the coldest is January, with 12 °C (54 °F). The average annual rainfall is less than 30 millimetres (1.2 in). The wettest month is May, with an average rainfall of 5 millimetres (0.20 in), and the driest is July, with 1 millimetre (0.039 in).
# Vladimir Torban

Vladimir Aleksandrovich Torban (Russian: Владимир Александрович Торбан; 10 December 1932 – 19 August 2011) was a Soviet basketball player. He trained as a tennis player in the 1940s and only in the 1950s started playing basketball for Dynamo Moscow. Between 1955 and 1959 he was a member of the Soviet team. In 1955, he won a gold medal at the Summer Universiade and a bronze medal at the EuroBasket 1955. Next year, he won a silver medal at the 1956 Summer Olympics. He became European champion in 1957 and 1959; in 1959, he also won a national title and competed at the world championship, where he held the highest live scoring rate (57%). However, his team was disqualified for refusing to play against Taiwan.
# Strela candy

Strela or strila (Russian: Стрела, Ukrainian: Стріла - arrow) is a popular type of candy sold in the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS), primarily in Ukraine. It gets its name from its distinctive foiled cone shape which resembles an arrowhead.

## Form

Strela has a very distinctive shape, taste and structure. The base is a metal cone made from a round piece of foil, sprinkled with a thin layer of chocolate. The candy is filled with a brandy-flavoured cream filling (although some manufacturers use fruit flavourings), which is extremely soft at room temperature. The wide end is sealed with a thick piece of chocolate and the confection is decorated according to the manufacturer's taste.
The foil cone is the distinguishing feature of this type of candy. It allows for ease of manufacture and safe storage and transportation of an otherwise too-soft candy body. Before eating, the candy is chilled so that the thin chocolate layer does not melt and become sticky; 20 °C is sufficient, but some people prefer a temperature of around 0 so that the candy will slowly melt in the mouth. The candy is held by the thick cone cap (which is deliberately left outside the foil cone and thick enough to hold) and the foil is gently unrolled immediately before consumption.
Because of their delicious taste, exquisite look and quality, this type of candy has a steady consumer base in the CIS, but the relatively high price (~30 US cents per piece) and small amount of chocolate restricts it from more widespread popularity.

## Manufacturers

Since the trademark belonged to the former USSR and the candy was produced in more than one factory, the name is permitted for use by any manufacturer as long as the product satisfies certain technical requirements. Nestle-owned Svitoch, which manufactures Strela in Ukraine, has re-branded the product as Stozhary (Ukrainian: Стожари Pleiades).
# Phocanella

Phocanella is an extinct genus of earless seals from the early Pliocene of Belgium and the US Eastern Seaboard.
The type and only species of Phocanella is P. pumila. The second nominal Phocanella species, P. minor, is a synonym. Two additional taxa referred to the genus, P. couffoni and P. straeleni, are nomina dubia.
# Mexican Teenagers EP

Mexican Teenagers is an EP by American guitarist Kaki King released in 2009.

## Personnel

* Kaki King: guitar
* Matt Hankle: drums
* Dan Brantigan: Electronic EVI Synth
# Goričan

Goričan (Hungarian: Muracsány) is a municipality in Međimurje County, Croatia.
Goričan is the only village belonging to the municipality. Its population in the 2011 census was 2,823. Of the entire population, 2,763 people identified themselves as Croats.
Goričan is located in the eastern part of Međimurje County, near the Croatian-Hungarian border and the Mura. The nearby populated places include the villages of Donji Kraljevec (Hungarian: Murakirály) and Hodošan (Hungarian: Hodosány) in Međimurje County, as well as the town of Letenye in Hungary. The border checkpoint between Goričan and Letenye is located around 3 kilometres from the centre of the village. The border checkpoint is also the place where the Croatian A4 motorway becomes the Hungarian M7 motorway, or the other way around.
The nearby Stadium Milenium is a speedway stadium and hosts the Speedway Grand Prix of Croatia.
* A bridge over the Trnava River
* A4 Highway near Goričan
* Location within Međimurje County
* Border crossing with Hungary
* Village entrance
* Motel
# Krislovo

Krislovo (Bulgarian: Крислово) is a village in Southern Bulgaria in Maritsa Municipality, Plovdiv Province. As of June 2020, the village has a current population of 591 people.

## Geography and etymology

Krislovo village is located in the Upper Thracian Plain, 13 kilometers west of Plovdiv, with an area of 678,1 hectares.
The first name of the village used to be Sharkilyoi or "Шаркильой", as spelled in Bulgarian language. The current name of the village comes from two words – Kri and Slovo, which mean hiding words. The name comes from medieval times where Bulgarian people used to hide important documents from Ottoman oppressors in the village.

## Culture

There are three notable buildings in the village Krislovo.
The church "Rozdhestvo na Presveta Bogoroditsa" was built before the 18th century, and found in 1930. The old building was demolished in the great 1928 Chirpan–Plovdiv earthquakes.
The first school of the village is named "Sv. Sv Kiril and Metodii" – which was built during 1928, near the reconstructed church. The school is not currently operational.
The third public building in the village is the community hall and library "Prosveta", which was also built during 1928. Most people in the village are into agriculture and livestock breeding. Many people commute to Plovdiv for work.
The villagers are cohesive and are known to work together in difficult times. In 2017, after a series of robberies, with the little they had, they collected a sum to invest in video security CCTV to be installed in key locations of the village.
A Youth Centre was built in 2020.
# Landsberg Castle (Palatinate)

Landsberg Castle (German: Burg Landsberg, also Moschellandsburg or Landsburg) is a ruined hillside castle on the hill of Moschellandsberg near the town of Obermoschel in the German state of Rhineland-Palatinate. It may be hired out for private events.

## History

The castle is first recorded in 1130 when Count Emicho of Schmidburg bequeathed it to Gerlach I of Veldenz. When Frederick III, Count of Veldenz died in 1444, the male line of the counts of Veldenz died out with him. The castle and the County of Veldenz (as well as a portion of the County of Sponheim) went to his son-in-law, Stephen, Count Palatine of Simmern-Zweibrücken. Stephen divided these holdings that same year, assigning the castle and Veldenz to his younger son, Louis I, Count Palatine of Zweibrücken. Louis expanded the castle into a strong fortress. The castle suffered serious damage during the Thirty Years' War; it was transferred to the Spanish in 1620 and was taken over by Croats in 1622. In 1631, the Swedes entered the castle and used it as a barracks. In 1689 the castle was destroyed during the War of the Palatine Succession by the troops of King Louis XIV. Its ruins were returned to their original owner in 1693. During the French Revolution the castle was seized as 'national property'.
The most comprehensive maintenance and renovation work since the destruction of the castle took place in 1977 and 1978. A few years later, from 1981 to 1983, a refuge hut was built over the cellar vaulting.
The castle belongs today to the town of Obermoschel which, since 2005, has undertaken annual maintenance and improvement work. In 2007, parts of the castle site were planted with old species of rose and the meadow was planted with fruit trees.

## Site

A bergfried dominates the castle and can be seen from a long way off. In the 16th century, the castle was converted into a Renaissance schloß. A might shield wall of rusticated ashlar from the 12th/13th centuries has survived, as have the remains of the palas, gate tower, enceinte, stables and castle well.

## Literature

* Manfred Czerwinski: Burgen. Stolze Zeugen einer großen Zeit. Kaiserslautern, 2002, ISBN 3-936216-07-X.
* Alexander Thon (ed.): Wie Schwalbennester an den Felsen geklebt. Burgen in der Nordpfalz. Regensburg, 2005, ISBN 3-7954-1674-4, pp. 84-89.
# Dire Dawa University

Dire Dawa University is a public university located in Dire Dawa, Ethiopia. It opened for the 2006–07 academic year with 754 students, as one of 13 new universities started by the Ministry of Higher Education, Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia.

## History

Dire Dawa University was established in 2006 with enrollment of 754 students in three facilities: (Faculty of Natural Science and Mathematics, Faculty of Social Science and language and Faculty of Business and Economics) in 13 different undergraduate academic programs with 90 teachers and 103 administrative support staff operating with limited facilities. In 2008, an affiliate campus of Haramaya University was merged to Dire Dawa University to construct more buildings and workshops.
In 2017/2018, DDU established one Institute of Technology and Five Colleges (College of Natural & Computational Science, College of Business & Economics, College of Social Sciences & Humanities, College of Law and College of Medicine and Health Science) containing 33 different academic programs. An enrollment has been increased to 12,500 in 39 academic programs; 7,971 of whom learned evening, weekend and summer in different programs.
Dire Dawa Institute of Technology is one of ten institutes in Ethiopia responsible for industry-led economic transition. Prioritizing science and technology, DDU implemented national policy of 70:30 (Engineering & Natural Science to Social Sciences). As of 2018, the university had 1,177 academic staffs; 834 were on duty whereas 343 were in full study to leave second and third degree.
The academic staffs consisted of 28% of first-degree holders, and 72% of second-degree and above holders. DDU also has 1,143 permanent academic staffs, half of them are lecturers. whereas 28% contract based staffs and 58% technical staffs during 2007–2018 academic year.

## Faculties and colleges

* School of Law
* School of Medicine
* College of Business & Economics
* College of Social Sciences & Humanities
* College of Natural & Computational Sciences
* Institute of Technology

## Administration

Dire-Dawa University is governed by a University Board of Directors, with day-to-day management provided by a President and several Vice Presidents.
As of June 2019, the leadership team of Dire Dawa University comprises:
* Ubah Adem, Ph.D., President, Dire-Dawa University
* Megersa Kasim, Ph.D., Academic Affairs V/President
* Temam Awol, Ph.D., Business Process and Development V/President
* Solomon Zerihun, Ph.D., Research and Community Engagement V/President
* Abreham Ewnetu, Ph.D., Administration and Student Affairs V/President
* Tewodros Gedefaye, A/Scientific Director
# Ath Thughrah

Ath Thughrah (Arabic: الثغرة) is a town in the Madaba Governorate of north-western Jordan.
# Tourette (disambiguation)

Tourette's, or Tourette syndrome, is a neurodevelopmental disorder.
Tourette, Tourettes, or Tourrettes may also refer to:

## Music

* Tourettes (band), a heavy metal band
* "tourette's", a 1993 song by Nirvana from In Utero

## Places

* Tourrettes, Var, a commune in southeastern France
* La Tourette, a commune in central France

## Other uses

* Tourette (automobile) a three-wheel microcar
* Tourette, a character in Vampire: The Masquerade – Bloodlines

## People with the surname

* Donny Tourette (born 1985), of the band Towers of London