OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Baghdasarian

Bagdasarian, Bagdasaryan, Baghdasarian or Baghdasaryan (Armenian: Բաղդասարյան) is an Armenian surname meaning "son of Baghdasar" (Armenian for Balthazar) that may refer to:

## Bagdasarian / Bagdasaryan

* Aleksandr Sergeevich Bagdasaryan (born 1946), Soviet Armenian radio and electronics engineer. 10002 Bagdasarian is a minor planet named after him
* Arsen Bagdasaryan (born 1977), Turkmen-Armenian footballer
* Prince Bagdasarian (born 1984), American film director, screenwriter, and editor
* Ross Bagdasarian (1919–1972), creator of Alvin and the Chipmunks
* Ross Bagdasarian Jr. (born 1949), his son, who continues the Chipmunk franchise effort

## Baghdasarian / Baghdasaryan

* Arev Baghdasaryan (1913–1994), Soviet Armenian singer
* Artur Baghdasaryan (born 1968), Armenian politician
* Getik Baghdasarian (born 1949), Armenian sculptor
* Jaklin Baghdasaryan (born 1997), Armenian singer and songwriter
* Sargis Baghdasaryan (1923–2001), Soviet Armenian sculptor

## Other

* 10002 Bagdasarian, see item 10002 on the List of minor planets: 10001–11000
* Bagdasarian Productions, Armenian-American production company
# Rhino Passive Infrared Defeat System

The Rhino Passive Infrared Defeat System (also known simply as Rhino) was an early detonation Counter-IED system. It was mounted to the front of a vehicle and used heat to prematurely detonate any hidden improvised explosive devices (IEDs) while the vehicle was at a safe distance away from the blast. It was developed by the Joint Improvised-Threat Defeat Organization (JIEDDO) in 2006 during the war in Iraq to counter the rise of IED-related deaths.

## Inspiration

During the Iraq War, the rising number of troops killed and wounded by underbelly IEDs buried by insurgents in the middle of the road prompted the U.S. military to funnel billions of dollars into the development of several countermeasures to either detect the explosive or minimize the damage. However, the frequent delays in producing and delivering these countermeasures to Iraq lead to shortages in effective IED-defeating technology. As a result, several soldiers on the battlefield ended up improvising their own solutions that took advantage of how the passive infrared sensors on the IEDs reacted to heat signatures. One unnamed soldier proposed mounting a large hair dryer to the front of the vehicle to blow hot air on the road to prematurely set off any hidden IEDs and clear the path. Another soldier supposedly purchased a toaster at a bazaar, plugged the appliance into his Humvee, and attached it to the end of a long pole that was welded to the front of the vehicle. These and other similar ideas led JIEDDO to develop Rhino in 2006, one of their earliest innovations.
The initial design consisted of a glow plug that was placed inside a metal ammunition can, which was then attached to a 10 ft long metal pole with the other end mounted onto the front of a vehicle. The glow plug acted as a heat decoy, which triggered any nearby IED’s infrared sensor prematurely and fired the copper explosively formed penetrator (EFP) slug at the Rhino instead of the vehicle behind it. The countermeasure proved to be a success at the time as U.S. forces found that the Rhino could not only take the impact of an EFP but also, in rare cases, continue working afterwards.

## Changes

Despite the favorable outcome of the Rhino’s initial run, insurgents soon began making modifications to the IEDs to account for this countermeasure. Within six weeks, the aim of the EFP was adjusted so that the slug was fired 10 feet back from the Rhino to hit the vehicle. In response, JIEDDO and researchers at the Army Research Laboratory in Adelphi, Maryland designed and developed the Rhino II, which came with a telescoping pole whose length could be adjusted to change the position of the heat decoy. More than 16,000 Rhino II devices were deployed to the U.S. Army and Marines in Iraq by the end of 2008, costing around $1,800 each to produce. Before long, the Rhino II was featured on almost every U.S. vehicle in Iraq. However, by 2010, newer IEDs began to use high-powered radio waves from coalition jammers instead of heat signatures to set off the EFP as a countermeasure against Rhino II. As of June 2018, more than 34,000 Rhino gadgets have been deployed to U.S. troops overseas.
# Al Abraq, Libya

Al Abraq (Arabic: الأبرق) is a town in Libya, in the Derna District. It is located 23 km east of Bayda, Other names include the transliterations Al Labrag, Al Labraq, Al Lazraq, and El-Abràgh, as well as the Italian Luigi di Savoia. According to the census of 2006, the city had a population of 8,861 people.

## Transport

The La Abraq Airport (IATA code LAQ), also known as Al Bayda International Airport, which serves the eastern Libyan city of Bayda, is located 16 km west of the town of Al Abraq.
# Reserved for the Death

Reserved for the Death (German: Reserviert für den Tod) is an East German film. It was released in 1963.

## Plot

Former East German engineer Erich Becker had been lured to West Germany by promises of a high reward. Now residing in Stockholm, he is recalled to serve as a spy in the East. He is to convince Dr. Jadenburg to flee from the GDR with the help of his daughter Hanna, who works for the West. While travelling on the train with Hanna, he is told that he is also to kill another agent who has betrayed the West and now works for the Stasi. The traitor is revealed to be a former friend of Becker, Harry Korb. Becker cannot bring himself to kill Korb when they meet. Korb tells him that it was all a test to prove if he is reliable; since Becker failed, Korb murders him. Stasi agents capture Korb soon after.

## Cast

* Hans-Peter Minetti: Erich Becker
* Peter Herden: Harry Korb
* Irma Münch: Hanna Melvien
* Martin Flörchinger: Dr. Jadenburg
* Hannjo Hasse: Captain Donath
* Peter Sturm: conductor
* Heinz Hinze: Charles Renier
* Herbert Köfer: Cellist
* Hans Klering: blonde man
* Horst Schönemann: Stein
* Werner Lierck: young husband
* Gertrud Brendler: Mrs. Simmel
* Klaus Gendries: Border Police officer
* Harry Studt: Grott

## Production

Reserved for the Death was, according to author Sabine Hake, one of a "hyperbole of espionage thrillers" produced soon after the erection of the Berlin Wall.
Writer Gerhard Bensch told in an interview that the plot was based on "numerous authentic documents, files and details" gleaned by him from the intelligence services. After an evaluation board of DEFA viewed the unedited picture before its release, its members concluded that the producers managed to create a "good picture... Exposing the inhuman methods of the Imperialists... And allowing the audience to see the experiences of our society's heroes, engaged in brutal class struggle."

## Reception

The reviewer of the East German Berliner Zeitung called the film "a better-than-average criminal film, that will surely be well received by the public." On 5 July 1963, the film critic of the West German Rheinische Merkur wrote that the film was a "disturbing piece of nonsense... Communist picture of the lowest sort."
The German Film Lexicon described "Reserved for the Death" as "a lurid, watchable spy film."
Peter Ulrich Weiss added that it was a typical 'saboteur film', that presented a negative portrayal of West Germany.
# Ezras Torah

Ezras Torah (Hebrew: עזרת תורה) may refer to:
* The Ezras Torah Fund, a Jewish American charitable organization
* Ezrat Torah, a neighborhood in Jerusalem
** Ezrat Torah St., the neighborhood's main street
# Schalfkogel

The Schalfkogel is a mountain in the Schnalskamm group of the Ötztal Alps.

## Avalanche

The 2009 Schalfkogel avalanche occurred in the municipality of Sölden (20km from the town itself), Austria on 3 May 2009. Six people were killed, five Czechs and one Slovak, when the disaster struck in the 3,500-metre (11,000 ft) Schalfkogel mountain range. The corpses were discovered to have been frozen. It was the deadliest avalanche to occur in Austria since March 2000. Although avalanches are a regular occurrence in the region, they mainly kill individuals as opposed to entire groups.
# Ulrichen railway station

Ulrichen railway station (German: Bahnhof Ulrichen), is a railway station in the locality of Ulrichen, within the municipality of Obergoms, in the Swiss canton of Valais. It is an intermediate stop and a request stop on the 1,000 mm (3 ft 3+3⁄8 in) metre gauge Furka Oberalp line of the Matterhorn Gotthard Bahn and is served by local trains only.

## Services

As of the December 2023 timetable change, the following services stop at Ulrichen:
* Regio: hourly service between Visp and Andermatt.
# La Cadière-d'Azur

La Cadière-d'Azur (French pronunciation:; Occitan: La Cadiera de Provença) is a commune in the Var department in the Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur region in southeastern France.
It is situated north-west of Toulon next to Le Castellet and Saint-Cyr-sur-Mer.

## History

La Cadière-d'Azur was first recorded in 993. The village was a Seigneurie of the Viscounts of Marseille, and later of the Abbey of St-Victor. There has also been evidence of Roman dwelling in the village with quite a few Gallo-Roman vestiges being discovered in the region, including several Roman fountains.

## The village

The village is on a hilltop that overlooks a lot of the Bandol vineyards.
The village still has 3 remaining medieval Gate Doors, which are the Porte St-Jean (built-in January 1561), Porte de la Colle, and the Porte Mazarine, in the ancient medieval walls. Two other older medieval buildings of the village are the Tour de l'Horloge with a 16th-century campanile and the 16th-century St-André church which features a tall hexagonal clock tower.
The village has a museum of the local area, a post office, a cemetery, and several shops and cafes.

## Wine

La Cadière-d'Azur is surrounded by vineyards and is part of the Côtes de Provence Appellation d'Origine Contrôlée (AOC) of Bandol.
# Zemské desky

Zemské desky (German: Landtafel; in old Czech, always desky zemské, literal translation, "Land tables") is old Czech source of law. It is predecessor of land registry for real estates owned under allodial title (hereditary estates). Also resolutions of Diets, rulings of the Land (supreme) Court and other general legal rules were recorded there.
They enjoyed kind of special quasi-worship: they were called the "witness which cannot be prevailed upon". Only very few people could have access to them. During sessions of the Land Court, when called as evidence, they were not brought in the Court's main hall, but only read from a special balcony. Officer in charge of them was the Lord High Scribe of Bohemia, from the gentry. They were not led a book - a year, but record after record filling the whole book, not to waste paper. Also they were not numbered, but hand painted with different symbols, and then called as book of colour ... of that symbol, e.g. (Book - Quaternus - of) Color of Death, Color of Parrot etc.
In Bohemia, they were kept from before 1278. But these all burnt during the great Fire of Prague on 2 June 1541, the only exception was Volume from years 1316-1324. Since year 1541 the Bohemian tables have been preserved. Moravian tables go uninterruptedly from their founding in 1348. During reign of Francis II (1795) they were numbered and the practice of colors and poetical names stopped. They ceased to be used for recording in the year 1948, as a source of law in rare cases serve up today.
# The Bordello

The Bordello (German: Das Freudenhaus) is a 1971 West German drama film directed by Alfred Weidenmann and starring Karin Jacobsen, Herbert Fleischmann and Gisela Peltzer.

## Cast

* Karin Jacobsen as Rosi
* Herbert Fleischmann as Leopold
* Gisela Peltzer as Frau Silberstein
* Gisela Trowe as Prostitute
* Paul Edwin Roth as Herr Silberstein
* Friedrich G. Beckhaus [de] as Baumann
* Wolfgang Stumpf as Von Weber
* Monica Kaufmann as Wally
* Astrid Frank as Inge
* Ingrid Bucksetter as Sonja
* Eva Gelb as Dodo
* Christiane Maybach as Tilly
* Michael Büttner as Michael
* Mathias Einert as Egon
* Georg M. Fischer as Jonathan
* Wolfgang Giese as Siegfried
* Hans Hessling as Chess Player
* Manfred Reddemann as Karl
* Ernst-Günter Seibt as Willi
* Gerda Gmelin as Mutter Oberin
* Peter Ahrweiler
# Al Messa

Al Messa (in Arabic المساء, literally, The Evening) is an Arabic daily newspaper published in Cairo, Egypt.

## History and profile

Al Masaa was founded in October 1956. From its start to March 1959 the paper was edited by Marxist and leftist journalists. During this period Lutfi Al Khuli was the editor of a column addressed the workers, and the paper employed the colloquial Arabic which was considered to be the major language variety of the workers and peasants. The use of the colloquial Arabic ended in March 1959 when the Marxist and leftist editors were dismissed.
In the 1960s, Khaled Mohieddin was made the publisher of the daily. It is issued by Al Tahrir Publishing House along with Al Gomhuria newspaper and some other publications. As of 2013 Samia Zein Al Abideen was the deputy editor of the daily.
# Polish student ID

The Polish student ID (Polish: Legitymacja studencka) is a document certifying that the person is enrolled in an institution of higher education (e.g., university) in Poland.
The student ID is issued upon matriculation and is valid until the completion of the studies, unenrolment as a student, or removal of students' rights. The ID is revalidated every semester., by means of issuing a holographic sticker issued by the organizational unit of the university.
The student ID entitles the holder to discounted fares on public transportation (trains and buses). However, after expiring 26 years of age, the train discounts are no longer valid.
The electronic student ID was introduced in 2006, and combines the functions of three traditional (paper) personal documents: the paper student ID, the library card, and travel card (karta miejska).
Every Polish student ID (in form of a smart card) constitutes a valid MIFARE card.

## Gallery

* Student ID (18 TP-PR)
* Student ID (18a TP-PR)
* Electronic Student ID
# Municipal Park (Luxembourg City)

The Municipal Park (French: parc de la Ville) is a public urban park in Luxembourg City, in southern Luxembourg. The eastern edge flanks the boulevard du Prince Henri and, along with the valleys of the Alzette and Pétrusse, forms a boundary that separates the central Ville Haute quarter from the rest of the city.
This green arc is segmented into separate sections by the avenue Monterey, the avenue Émile Reuter, and the avenue de la Porte-Neuve. The area bordered by these roads is approximately 20 ha (49 acres). The southernmost section of the park is called Edith Klein Park (Parc Ed. Klein). The park was created after the demolition of the fortress under the 1867 Treaty of London.
The park is the location of the Villa Louvigny, in the southernmost section, and the Villa Vauban, across the avenue Émile Reuter. The Villa Louvigny was the seat of the Compagnie Luxembourgeoise de Télédiffusion, the forerunner of RTL Group, and hosted the Eurovision Song Contest in 1962 and 1966. The Villa Vauban was the original seat of the European Court of Justice, and is now an art museum.
During the excavation for the construction of the underground Monterey car park, the remains of the fort was uncovered. Named the Lambert Redoubt, the pentagonal fortress can now be seen just south of avenue Monterey. The Lambert Fortress was originally built in 1685, renovated in 1835–6, and razed between 1868 and 1874.

## Footnotes

* 1 2 "The Schuman Circular Walk" (PDF). Luxembourg City Tourism Office. Retrieved 29 November 2008.
* This Luxembourg-related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
# Haspet Castle

The Haspet Castle Turkish: Haspet Kalesi), is a historical castle on the mountain slope in the central district of Muş.

## History

Although the exact date of the castle is unknown, it is rumored that it was built during the reign of Alexander the Great.
# Holidays by the Sea

Holidays by the Sea (French: Ni à vendre ni à louer) is a 2011 French comedy film directed by Pascal Rabaté. The film is a cinematic rendering of a comic that Rabaté himself wrote. Like in some films of Jacques Tati, the characters use expressions and gestures instead of dialogues to communicate between them.

## Plot

The plot of the film intertwines various unrelated characters and stories of ordinary people on their way to and spending their holidays at a seaside resort.

## Cast

* Jacques Gamblin as Monsieur Cerf-volant
* Maria de Medeiros as Madame Collier
* François Damiens as Monsieur Fraises
* François Morel as The man in the tent
* Dominique Pinon as The man in the trailer
* Gustave Kervern as Green golfer
* Marie Kremer as The orphan
* Chantal Neuwirth as The widow
* Catherine Hosmalin as House's woman

## Accolades

The film was nominated for the Crystal Globe at the 46th Karlovy Vary International Film Festival and Rabaté won the Best Director Award. It was also nominated for the International Jury Award as Best Feature Film at the São Paulo International Film Festival.
# Takab County

Takab County (Persian: شهرستان تکاب) is in West Azerbaijan province, Iran. Its capital is the city of Takab.

## History

After the 2016 National Census, the village of Tazeh Kand-e Nosratabad was elevated to the status of the city of Takht-e Soleyman.

## Demographics
### Ethnicity and religion

About 65% of the population of the county are Shia Azerbaijanis and 35% are Sunni Kurds.

### Population

At the time of the 2006 census, the county's population was 81,395 in 17,618 households. The following census in 2011 counted 78,122 people in 20,184 households. The 2016 census measured the population of the county as 80,556 in 23,482 households.

### Administrative divisions

Takab County's population history and administrative structure over three consecutive censuses are shown in the following table.
Takab County Population :
| Administrative Divisions | 2006 | 2011 | 2016 |
| Central District | 58,399 | 56,564 | 60,459 |
| Afshar RD | 4,265 | 3,814 | 3,335 |
| Ansar RD | 5,846 | 4,918 | 4,242 |
| Karaftu RD | 4,586 | 3,792 | 3,205 |
| Takab (city) | 43,702 | 44,040 | 49,677 |
| Takht-e Soleyman District | 22,996 | 21,558 | 20,097 |
| Ahmadabad RD | 11,096 | 10,120 | 10,259 |
| Chaman RD | 3,410 | 3,325 | 2,650 |
| Saruq RD | 8,490 | 8,113 | 7,188 |
| Takht-e Soleyman (city) | | | |
| Total | 81,395 | 78,122 | 80,556 |
| RD = Rural District ||||
# Orzegów

Orzegów (German: Orzegow) is a district in the north-east of Ruda Śląska, Silesian Voivodeship, southern Poland. It has an area of 2.5 km$^2$ and in 2006 it was inhabited by 8,439 people.

## History

The settlement was first mentioned in 1305 as Osegow. The village belonged initially to the Duchy of Bytom, a fee of the Kingdom of Bohemia, which after 1526 became a part of the Habsburg monarchy. After Silesian Wars the area became a part of the Kingdom of Prussia. Before the industrial revolution in the 19th century the rural settlement of Orzegów lied along what is now Bytomska Street. Nowy Orzegów (New Orzegów) developed around the St. Michael church (built in years 1894-95) in the 20th century. The first coal mine, König David, was mentioned in 1768, it was visited by Johann Wolfgang von Goethe in 1790. In the 1826 the village was bought by Karl Godulla. In 1829 he opened a coal mine Orzegów. Karl Godula built a zinc melter south of Orzegów, where later a separate settlement developed, namely Godula.
After World War I in the Upper Silesia plebiscite 2,857 out of 4,211 voters in Orzegow voted in favour of joining Poland, against 1,345 opting for staying in Germany. Afterwards it became a part of Silesian Voivodeship, Second Polish Republic. It was then annexed by Nazi Germany at the beginning of World War II. After the war it was restored to Poland.
Orzegów constituted a gmina (municipality) that was merged into Ruda in 1951, and as part of Ruda was amalgamated with Nowy Bytom to form Ruda Śląska on December 31, 1958.
# BWV (disambiguation)

BWV is the Bach-Werke-Verzeichnis, the standard numbered catalogue of the works of Johann Sebastian Bach.
BWV may also refer to:
* Bavarian Forest Club (German: Bayerischer Wald-Verein)
* Body-worn video
# Leslie Griffin

Leslie John Griffin (14 September 1922 — 13 March 2003) was an Irish international rugby union player.
Born in Arklow, County Wicklow, Griffin played for Dublin club Wanderers and was capped twice for Ireland during their triple crown-winning 1949 Five Nations campaign, replacing Albert McConnell in the front row for the final two fixtures, against Scotland at Murrayfield and Wales at Swansea. He was a reserve the following season, but didn't add to his caps.
# Duke of Navarre

Duke of Navarre (French: duc de Navarre) was a noble title of the First French Empire.
It was created, as Duchess of Navarre (French: duchesse de Navarre), by letters patent of 9 April 1810 for Empress Joséphine, following her divorce from Napoleon earlier that year. The title refers to her Château de Navarre in Normandy and not the former Kingdom of Navarre.
She died in 1814 and was succeeded by her grandsons, first Auguste (who died in 1835) and then Maximilian. Upon Maximilian's death in 1852, during the Second French Empire, his eldest son Nicholas was prevented from succeeding. Through his mother, Grand Duchess Maria Nikolaevna of Russia, he was a member of a foreign royal family and thus unable to take the required oath to establish succession to the majorat.

## Dukes of Navarre (1810-1852)

* Joséphine de Beauharnais, 1st Duchess of Navarre (1763–1814)
* Auguste de Beauharnais, 2nd Duke of Navarre (1810–1835)
* Maximilian de Beauharnais, 3rd Duke of Navarre (1817–1852)
# Women Painters of Washington

The Women Painters of Washington is a non-profit organization based in the U.S. state of Washington. The group was formed on October 6, 1930, by six female artists who met while attending a portrait class sponsored by the Art Institute of Seattle, which was a predecessor to the Seattle Art Museum. The women joined in order to overcome the limitations they faced as female artists and to stimulate their artistic growth through fellowship. Founding members were Elizabeth Warhanik, Dorothy Dolph Jensen, Lily Norling Hardwick, Myra Albert Wiggins, Anna B. Stone and Helen Bebb. Originally called the Women Artists of Washington, their first exhibition was held at the Women's Century Club on Seattle's Capitol Hill. Subsequent annual exhibitions were usually held at the Frederick & Nelson department store in downtown Seattle. In 1936 the name was changed to Women Painters of Washington.
Other notable members of the group include Doris Totten Chase, Z. Vanessa Helder, Ebba Rapp, and Yvonne Twining Humber.
The group continues to meet at the Seattle Art Museum.

## Selected Exhibitions

| Year | Title | Location | Notes |
| 1931 | "Women Artists of Washington" | Women's Century Club (Roy Street), Seattle, WA | First publicly-held exhibit from May 8–16 by the organization. |
| 1931 | "Women Artists of Washington" | Bon Marche building, 4th floor, Seattle, WA | Public exhibit. Six painting by WAW member Mrs. Orville Allen included in November group show. |
| 1932 | "Women Artists of Washington" | Seattle Civic Auditorium | Mrs. E.L. Hiberly, chairperson of arts for the state and biennial conventions arranged for the WAW exhibit in November. |
| 1932 | "Women Artists of Washington: Second Annual Exhibit" | Northwest galleries, 1250 Fifth Ave., Seattle | Mrs. Elizabeth Warhanik, WAW President. Sixty paintings were included. |
| 1933 | "Women Artists of Washington: Annual Exhibit" | "new Seattle Art Museum in Volunteer Park | The exhibit included sketches and oil and watercolor paintings by 36 member artists. The exhibit was opened for a month. |