OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Alexander Shlyakhter

Alexander Isaakovich Shlyakhter (Russian: Александр Исаакович Шляхтер; died June 2000) was a Russian nuclear physicist and risk analyst.
Shlyakhter is best known for discovering empirical evidence for the constancy of fundamental constants. While still a student in Leningrad, he observed that the products of past nuclear reactions at a natural nuclear fission reactor at Oklo, Gabon demonstrate that the fine-structure constant α has changed less than 10$^{−17}$ per year over the last two billion years. He published the finding in a letter to Nature in 1976. Freeman Dyson later wrote that Shlyakhter had "revolutionized the subject" of variation in physical constants.
In 1987 Shlyakhter became a research fellow in Richard Wilson's laboratory at Harvard University. His later work was in risk assessment, and included notable analyses of global warming, nuclear security and the Chernobyl disaster. He died of cancer in June 2000.
# Humnyska

Humnyska (Ukrainian: Гумни́ська) is a village (selo) in Zolochiv Raion, Lviv Oblast of Western Ukraine. It belongs to Busk urban hromada, one of the hromadas of Ukraine. The village covers an area of 2,389 km$^2$ at an altitude of 218 metres (720 ft) above sea level. Local government is administered by Humnyska village council. A village Chuchmany is also in the structure of local government.

## Geography

The village is located near the highway in European route E40 E40 connecting Lviv with Kyiv. Distance to the highway is 2 kilometres (1.2 mi). And a distance from the regional center Lviv is 63 kilometres (39 mi), 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) from the district center Busk, and 481 kilometres (299 mi) from Kyiv.

## History and Culture

Village Humnyska, probably founded in the fifteenth century, has a record of where it was first mentioned in 1476. Traces of Stone Age settlements (3rd millennium BC) and early Bronze Age archaeological excavations have been revealed near villages Chuchmany and Humnyska. From 1772 the village was a part of Austrian Empire, since 1867 as part of Austro-Hungarian Empire. From 1920 to 1939 Humnyska was part of Second Polish Republic.
In 1931, a school was built in the village. The first director was Stepan Kalynevych. He led the school until 1945 and made a significant contribution to the development of education in rural areas.
Until 18 July 2020, Humnyska belonged to Busk Raion. The raion was abolished in July 2020 as part of the administrative reform of Ukraine, which reduced the number of raions of Lviv Oblast to seven. The area of Busk Raion was merged into Zolochiv Raion.

## Cult constructions and religion

The first church building was built of wood in 1724. The new building was built and consecrated November 21, 1926, and it survived to the present day. This is the Church of St. Michael the Archangel. The Church is in the list of wooden churches in the Lviv region. In 1838 Markiyan Shashkevych was a priest in the Church of St. Michael the Archangel.

## Famous people

* Markiyan Shashkevych – was a priest of the Ukrainian Greek-Catholic Church, a poet, a translator, and the leader of the literary revival in Right Bank Ukraine. In 1838 Markiyan Shashkevych was a priest in the Church of St. Michael the Archangel in the village Humnyska.
* Yulian Voronovskyi – was the Eparchial bishop of Ukrainian Catholic Eparchy of Sambir – Drohobych since March 30, 1994 to October 27, 2011. (born May 5, 1936 in Humnyska).
* Stepan Kalynevych – the school director from 1931 until 1945 in Humnyska.
# Itzhak Fisher

Itzhak Fisher (Hebrew: איציק פישר), is an Israeli businessman who served as the Founder and General Partner of Pereg Ventures.
He was previously Executive Vice President, Global Business Development at Nielsen Holdings. His responsibilities included strategic business development initiatives as well as all Mergers & Acquisitions and overseeing the Sports Practice. He was co-founder and chairman of Trendum, before selling the new entity to the Nielsen company.
In the 1990s, Fisher co-founded and was the CEO of RSL Communications, a Telco company which raised more than $1.7 billion dollars in capital. At the end of 2000, Fisher left the company, it was de-listed from NASDAQ, and was dissolved shortly thereafter.
He formerly also served as Benjamin Netanyahu's campaign official. He was Treasurer of the Likud party, in Israel, from 1992 to 1994. He graduated with a Bachelor of Science degree in Computer Science from the New York Institute of Technology.
# Kasim Abid

Kasim Abid is an Iraqi filmmaker, director, producer and cameraman.
Abid trained in Moscow as a cameraman before settling in London. Along with Maysoon Pachachi he co-founded the non-profit making ‘The Independent Film and TV College’ in Baghdad.

## Filmography

* Mirrors of Diaspora, 2018. Jury award at Muscat Int Film Festival - Special Mention - Oran Arab International Film Festival 2018 - Sardegna Palestina Award - Al Ard Film Festival 2019
* Whispers of the Cities, 2013. Award: Special Mention – Cinema du Reel Film Festival.
* Wings of the Soul, Special Mention Golf Film Festival - 2011
* Life After The Fall, 2008. Best film - Munich International Documentary Film Festival. Golden Hawk - Arab Film Festival, Rotterdam. Best documentary film - Arab film festival California. Second best Documentary – Gulf film festival
* Surda Checkpoint, 2005. Best Cinematography –Iraqi Short Film Festival.
* Naji Al Ali: Artist With Vision, 1999. Audience Award - Arab Screen Independent Film Festival. Journalists Choice - Human Rights Film Festival Ramallah.

## Awards

* 2005 Alhambra Award for Excellence in Arts (The Muslim News Awards for Excellence)
# Llanycrwys

Llanycrwys is a hamlet and community located in Carmarthenshire, Wales. Situated in the historical Cayo Hundred in the Union of Lampeter, it is situated near the River Cothi, and is separated from the parish of Caio by the Afon Twrch, which flows near the St. Davids church. The church is isolated, and was restored in 1892 by C. H. Purday of Ewan Christian, who had a porch on the western side, with a timbered gable.
In 1934, local schoolmaster Daniel Jenkins published Cerddi Ysgol Llanycrwys, a collection of Welsh language poetry written by well-known Welsh poets for the celebration of St. David's Day at Llanycrwys between 1901 and 1920.
The community is bordered by the communities of Cynwyl Gaeo and Pencarreg, both being in Carmarthenshire; and by Llanfair Clydogau in Ceredigion.

## Demographics

Llanycrwys' population was 235, according to the 2011 census; a 6.33% increase since the 221 people noted in 2001.
The 2011 census showed 46.7% of the population could speak Welsh, a fall from 61.4% in 2001.
# Evangeliary of Averbode

The Evangeliary of Averbode (French: Évangéliaire d'Averbode) is an illuminated manuscript, an evangeliary created in the region of the Meuse river between 1150 and 1175. The manuscript is named after Averbode Abbey in Belgium where it was kept in the 18th century. It is considered one of the finest examples of illuminated manuscripts within Mosan art. It belongs to the collections of the library of the University of Liège.

## Description

The manuscript page size is 27.7 x 19.2 cm. It has 173 pages. It is in the collection of the library of the University of Liège. It contains eight richly decorated full-page miniatures, and has been described as a masterpiece of Mosan art. Its binding is from the 20th century. It is formally classified as a part of the historical heritage of Wallonia.

## History

The manuscript was produced between 1150 et 1175. It is named after the Averbode Abbey, where the manuscript was kept in the 18th century. The earlier fate of the manuscript is unknown, and it is not certain that it was commissioned for Averbode Abbey. Stylistically and iconographically it can however be grouped together with two other sumptuous illuminated manuscripts, created in the Prince-Bishopric of Liège during the second half of the 12th century: the Floreffe Bible [fr] (currently in the British Library) and the so-called Brussels Evangeliary (in the Royal Library of Belgium, Brussels). Its calendar contains the names of several saints particularly venerated in the area. The book was created in a time that the production of luxury evangeliaries decreased because liturgical Gospel readings were increasingly incorporated into Missals. Evangeliaries became increasingly of less importance in the art of Western Europe. This evangeliary is an exception to this trend. The book was donated to the University of Liège in 1821, after having been removed from Averbode Abbey before its suppression in 1796.
# Al-Musawar

Al-Musawar (Arabic: المصور; the Illustrated) is an Egyptian weekly current events magazine. The weekly is a state-owned publication, and its headquarters is in Cairo. It has been in circulation since 1925.

## History and profile

Al Musawar was launched as a weekly in 1925. The founder of the weekly was George Bey Zidan. Emil and Shukri Zidan are also the founders of the weekly which is published on Saturdays. The publisher is Dar Al Hilal Publishing House. On 17 December 1932 the magazine began to publish a sports supplement, Al Abtal (meaning Champions in English).
The weekly has been owned by the Egyptian government since 1960 and its editors-in-chief and head of the publishing house are appointed by the state. As of 2011 Al Musawar was cited as a liberal magazine.
One of its longest-serving editors was journalist Fekry Abaza. He held the post between 1926 and 1961 when he was fired due to his article published on 17 August 1961. Female writer Amīnah al-Saʿīd and Hamdy Rizq are among the former editors-in-chief of Al Musawar. Makram Mohammed Ahmed served as editor-in-chief of the weekly from the mid-1980s to 2005. Abdul Qadir Shuheib was appointed editor-in-chief in July 2005. On 28 June 2014 Fatema Sayed became the editor-in-chief of the magazine.
The weekly published interviews with major figures including one with Saudi King Faisal in August 1972 and several others with the former President Hosni Mubarak.
# Dmitry Trelevski

Dmitry Trelevski (born November 14, 1983, in Bishkek) is an alpine skier from Kyrgyzstan. He competed for Kyrgyzstan at the 2010 Winter Olympics in the slalom and giant slalom. Trelevski was Kyrgyzstan's flag bearer during the 2010 Winter Olympics opening ceremony and in 2014.
# 1960 Saint Louis Billikens men's soccer team

The 1960 Saint Louis Billikens men's soccer team represented Saint Louis University during the 1960 NCAA Division I men's soccer season. The Billikens won their second NCAA title this season. It was the third-ever season the Billikens fielded a men's varsity soccer team.

## Schedule

| Date Time, TV | Opponent$^#$ | Result | Record | Site City, State |
| Regular season ||||||
| 09-17-1960* | at Fairleigh Dickinson | L 2–3 | 0–1–0 | Madison, NJ |
| 09-24-1960* | Wheaton | W 4–0 | 1–1–0 | St. Louis, MO |
| 10-01-1960* | at Illinois | W 3–0 | 2–1–0 | Champaign, IL |
| 10-08-1960* | Indiana | W 12–0 | 3–1–0 | St. Louis, MO |
| 10-11-1960* | Washington University | W 5–0 | 4–1–0 | St. Louis, MO |
| 10-15-1960* | at Michigan State | W 4–0 | 5–1–0 | East Lansing, MI |
| 10-22-1960* | Pittsburgh | W 4–0 | 6–1–0 | St. Louis, MO |
| 10-28-1960* | at Air Force | W 3–1 | 7–1–0 | Colorado Springs, CO |
| 11-05-1960* | at Navy Pier | W 2–0 | 8–1–0 | Streeterville, IL |
| 11-06-1960* | at Chicago | W 10–0 | 9–1–0 | Chicago, IL |
| 11-12-1960* | Purdue | W 12–0 | 10–1–0 | St. Louis, MO |
| 11-18-1960* | Akron | W 5–3 | 11–1–0 | St. Louis, MO |
| NCAA Tournament ||||||
| 11-21-1960* | California First Round | W 2–0 | 12–1–0 | St. Louis, MO |
| 11-25-1960* | vs. West Chester Semifinals | W 2–1 | 13–1–0 | Brooklyn, NY |
| 11-26-1960* | vs. Maryland Final | W 3–2 | 14–1–0 | Brooklyn, NY |
| *Non-conference game. $^#$Rankings from United Soccer Coaches. (#) Tournament seedings in parentheses. ||||||
# Arababad, South Khorasan

Arababad (Persian: عرباباد, also Romanized as ‘Arabābād) is a village in Kavir Rural District, Deyhuk District, Tabas County, South Khorasan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 325, in 102 families.
# Athenogenes

Athenogenes (Ancient Greek: Ἀθηνογένης) may refer to:
* Athenogenes, date unknown, the author of a work mentioned by Athenaeus, probably a poem, entitled "Cephalion".
* Athenogenes (fl. 320s BC), an Egyptian resident of Athens who was the subject of Hyperides' speech Against Athenogenes
* Athenogenes of Pedachtoë (d. AD 303/4), Сhristian bishop and martyr
* Athenogenes, a grandson of Gregory the Illuminator (d. c. 331)
* Athenogenes of Petra (fl. c. AD 600), Christian bishop
# Lisan al-Hal

Lisan al-Hal or Lissan ul-Hal (Arabic: لسان الحال 'Mouthpiece') is a Lebanese Arabic language daily newspaper established by Khalil Sarkis in 1877. It is the oldest Lebanese publication still published in Lebanon.

## History

Khalil Khattar Sarkis (also known as Khalil Zayniyya) had established his own printing house called Al-Adabiyya through which he printed his newspaper, Lisan al-Hal, and a magazine entitled Al-Mishkat. Said Aql also took part in the establishment of these papers. Khalil Khattar Sarkis was part of the Reform Society of Beirut and the society of the Lebanese Revival whereas Said Aql was a member of the latter. The former was a secret group promoting the independence of Lebanese as a state. During the Ottoman era, the paper was censored several times.
Lisan al-Hal was published twice per week for a long time until the 1900s. One of the early editors of the paper was Salim Sarkis. Yūsuf al-Asir was also one of the early editors. Khalil Khattar Sarkis continued as editor until his death in 1915. Then his son Ramez Khalil Sarkis took over the task until 1941 when he was elected as a member of Parliament from Beirut and was assigned as minister of education. Khalil Ramez Sarkis was also a literary figure and had a series of literary works published. After Khalil Ramez Sarkis, editing and publishing was taken over by Gebran Hayek.
Jean Obeid began to write for the paper in 1960. Bishop George Khodr wrote for the daily in his column called Hadith al-Ahad (The Sunday Talk) from 11 March 1962 to 25 January 1970. The newspaper stopped publication during the Lebanese Civil War in the 1970s.
The daily was disestablished in 1999. The circulation of the paper just before its closing was 33,000. The name and the licence of the paper was acquired by the Lebanese National Congress that resumed its publication as a weekly newspaper.
# Washington's Crossing (book)

Washington's Crossing is a Pulitzer Prize-winning book written by David Hackett Fischer and part of the "Pivotal Moments in American History" series. It is primarily about George Washington's leadership during the 1776 campaign of the American Revolutionary War, culminating with George Washington's crossing of the Delaware River and the subsequent campaign, with the Battle of Trenton, the Battle of the Assunpink Creek, and the Battle of Princeton.
The main theme of Fischer's book is the concept of contingency history, one major theory of history. Contingency history is the idea that people's decisions matter, and it is because of these decisions that certain events take place. Washington's decisions changed the course of the Revolutionary War and ultimately led the Continental Army to victory.

## Organization

Fischer discusses the historical context of the crossing, including the crossing's precursors, the intensity of effort required to make the crossing itself, and the effects upon the outcome of the American Revolutionary War made possible by the success of the crossing and the brilliant exploitation. He follows up with more than 180 pages, divided into appendices, source citations, and acknowledgements.
Using as his starting point, the famous painting Washington Crossing the Delaware by Emmanuel Leutze, Fischer continues through the shift in momentum resulting from this campaign. He shows that before the crossing, the British were intent upon attacking and defeating the revolutionaries. After the crossing and subsequent campaign, the British focused on being attacked.
Fischer proceeds through the aftermath and finishes with a discussion of how a new, American way of fighting developed during the campaign surrounding the crossing, including an entrepreneurial spirit and a policy of humanity. The goal-oriented spirit still guides America's warfare: to win the war and then to return to everyday life with all dispatch. The Americans' policy of humanity to their defeated opponents was so attractive that large numbers of the Hessian enemy stayed in America, and more returned with their families following the war.

## Acclaim

Fischer's work is admired as one of the most comprehensive books on the critical and suspenseful turning point of the American War of Independence. The book was published in February 2004 and it won the 2005 Pulitzer Prize for History.
# Kamieńczyk Falls

Kamieńczyk Falls (pronounced:; Polish: Wodospad Kamieńczyka; German: Zackelfall) is the highest waterfall in the Karkonosze National Park, Lower Silesia, Poland, dropping a total of 27 metres (89 ft). It is located in the Giant Mountains in the south-western part of the country and is ranked as the second highest waterfall in Poland.

## Characteristics

Kamieńczyk Falls is situated at 843 metres (2,766 ft) above sea level and consists of three main cascades. A man-made cave carved by Walloons known as Złota Jama (Golden Grotto) is located behind the middle cascade. The waterfall is 27 meters high, making it the country's second highest waterfall. It falls down into the Kamieńczyk Gorge (Polish: Wąwóz Kamieńczyka), which is a 100-meter long canyon. A five-meter deep plunge pool filled with blocks of rock is located at the feet of the waterfall. It can be found along a trail from Szklarska Poręba to Szrenica.

## History and tourism

In the 19th century, the waterfall became a tourist attraction following a growth of popularity of hillwalking. In 1800, John Quincy Adams, future President of the United States, visited the waterfall as part of his extended tour of Silesia. Princess Izabela Czartoryska was among other notable visitors of the site in this period. German garden architect Hermann Mächtig designed the waterfall when laying out Berlin's Victoria Park on the Kreuzberg between 1888 and 1894 inspired by the Kamieńczyk Falls (then known as Zackelfall). In 1890, the Karkonosze Society officially granted access to the waterfall to visitors. Due to repeated accidents, a protective net was installed on the route to the falls, which prevented rocks from falling on the visitors.
In order to visit the waterfall, tourists need to pay an admission fee. Visiting is permitted only in specified hours. Each visitor receives a safety helmet before entering the gorge leading to the waterfall. Two mountain shelters are located near the waterfall: "Kamieńczyk" and "Szałas Sielanka".
The waterfall was featured in Andrew Adamson's 2008 fantasy film The Chronicles of Narnia: Prince Caspian.

## Legend

A local legend has it that the water flowing in the waterfall contains the tears of seven rusalkas grieving over the death of one of them named Łabudka, who died by falling into a precipice while searching for her beloved Kamieńczyk Bronisz. Łabudka had been warned by her sisters to stay away from the human, however, she wouldn't listen to them. She handed him her precious jewels, which he intended to sell in order to obtain money to help his ill mother. When her lover did not return, she went out from Łabski Szczyt looking for him. Unfortunately, when she saw Kamieńczyk, she slipped and fell down a precipice to her death.

## Gallery

* An early 20th-century German postcard featuring the waterfall
* Kamieńczyk Falls in summer
* Kamieńczyk Falls in winter
* "Kamieńczyk" mountain shelter located near the waterfall
# Sereshk, Isfahan

Sereshk (Persian: سرشك; also known as Sereshg) is a village in Lay Siyah Rural District, in the Central District of Nain County, Isfahan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 61, in 24 families.
# Mil Saidi

Mil Saidi (Persian: ميل سعيدي, also Romanized as Mīl Sa‘īdī; also known as Mīr Sa‘īdī) is a village in Jazmurian Rural District, Jazmurian District, Rudbar-e Jonubi County, Kerman Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 62, in 12 families.
# Luis Barcala

Luis José Barcala Sierra (born in 1962) is a lawyer and the current mayor of Alicante, Spain since 19 April 2018.

## Biography

Luis Barcala was born in Sant Joan d'Alicante. His father, Luis Barcala Muñoz, captain in the Spanish Air Force, died in a plane crash in Los Llanos, Albacete on November 19, 1974.
In his childhood, he was an athlete and in 1975 he won the Alicante provincial youth championship in 80 meters and 300 meter sprint.
Barcala holds an undergraduate degree in Law and a Master's degree in Foreign Trade from the University of Alicante. He also obtained a Master's degree in Business Labor Consulting from Cerem Business School, as well as a Master's degree in Banking Law.
He has been heavily involved in festivities of the Hogueras de San Juan. Since 1995 he has been a member of the "barraca" Els Chuanos (a social group that organizes activities during the event). In 1998 he became vice-secretary and in 2001 he became president of the barraca.

## Political career

In 2005, Luis Barcala joined the executive committee of the People's Party (PP) of Alicante as secretary of Study and Programs. In 2011, he became city councilor of Alicante after José Joaquín Ripoll resigned after being appointed president of the Port of Alicante.
In December 2013, he became councilor for Health and Environment in the administration of mayor Sonia Castedo. He resigned after the election of May 24th, 2015 when the Valencian Socialist Party (PSPV-PSOE), Guanyar Alacant (consisting of the United Left, Podemos, Green Party and the Socialist Alternative) and Compromis formed an alliance (holding 15 of 29 council seats) to remove the PP from the city government and made Gabriel Echávarri mayor.

### Mayor of Alicante

On March 23, 2018, Gabriel Echávarri resigned after being indicted in several criminal cases, include allegations that he had fired the sister-in-law of Barcala in retaliation for the PP filing a criminal complain against him. PSPV-PSOE councilor Eva Montesinos became interim mayor, but city councilor Nerea Belmonte (who had previously been expelled from Podemos) abstained in the vote to confirm her. Since there was now no majority supporting an alternative candidate, Luis Barcala became mayor on April 19, 2018, as he had received the most seats in the 2015 election. There was an investigation into a possible attempt to bribe Nerea Belmonte to vote for Eva Montesinos, but the prosecutor closed the case due there being no evidence of a crime.
In the local elections of May 26, 2019, Barcala's People's Party won the most seats in Alicante, but did not achieve an absolute majority. With the help of Citizens, he received 14 of 29 council votes and was re-elected, as none of the other parties were able to form an alternative majority coalition and voted for their own candidates.
In 2023 local elections, with the collapse of Citizens, Barcala's People's Party increased their representation to 14 of 29 seats, allowing him to be reelected as mayor without the support from any coalition partners.
# Kuura, Võru County

Kuura is a village in Rõuge Parish, Võru County in Estonia.
# Christoph Halper

Christoph Halper (born 21 May 1998) is an Austrian professional footballer who plays for DSV Leoben.

## Club career

On 12 August 2020, he signed a two-year contract with SKN St. Pölten.
Halper signed with SV Lafnitz on 28 December 2021.
On 14 July 2023, Halper signed a contract with DSV Leoben.