OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Doerner Institute

The Doerner Institute was founded in 1937 in Munich as a State Testing and Research Institute for Colour Technology (in German Staatliche Prüf- und Forschungsanstalt für Farbentechnik).

## The founding of the Institute

The Doerner Institute is named after Max Doerner, an artist and Munich Art Academy professor. His book, The Materials of the Artist and their Use in Painting, published in 1921 established Doerner's reputation and his argument which is quoted in Phillip Ball's "Bright Earth" provided the inspiration for the institute. That argument was that the artist cannot be expected to be chemist; he would only become victim of a dilettantism more harmful than beneficial....[Yet] the laws which govern the materials of the artist are the same for all artists, to whatever school they belong. Whoever wishes to employ his materials correctly and to the best advantage must know these laws and follow them, otherwise sooner or later he will pay dearly for his mistakes.... Craftsmanship must again be made the solid foundation of art.

## Current Activities

Since 1977, the Doerner Institute has been home to the conservation department of the Bayerische Staatsgemäldesammlungen as well as its "own" science department. Other activities at the institute include:
* research into historical painting techniques and materials
* development of scientific methods applied to objects of art
* museum design or the renovation of historic buildings used as museums.
# Taesheh Mahmud Nazari

Taesheh Mahmud Nazari (Persian: طايشه محمود نظري, also Romanized as Ta’esheh Maḩmūd Nazarī; also known as Ţā’esheh Maḩmūd, Talesheh Mahmood Nazarī, Tayesheh-Ye-Mahmūd, and Ţāyesh‘ī) is a village in Dasht-e Zahab Rural District, in the Central District of Sarpol-e Zahab County, Kermanshah Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 412, in 80 families.
# Jimmy Thorpe

James Horatio Thorpe (16 September 1913 – 5 February 1936) was an English footballer who played as a goalkeeper for Sunderland.
He played 139 games as a goalkeeper for his only club, Sunderland. He signed when he was 17 after attending Jarrow Central School. He had a promising career, becoming a first-team regular for the club from 1932–33 season, when he was still only 19 years old.
His life and career were cut short on 1 February 1936 when he was kicked in the head and chest after he had picked up the ball following a backpass in a game against Chelsea at Roker Park. He continued to take part until the match finished, but collapsed at home afterwards and died in hospital four days later from diabetes mellitus and heart failure "accelerated by the rough usage of the opposing team".
This tragic end to Thorpe's career led to a change in the rules, where players were no longer allowed to raise their foot to a goalkeeper when he had control of the ball in his arms. Sunderland went on to win the First Division title that same year, and Thorpe's medal was presented to his widow. During the 75th anniversary of the game between Sunderland and Chelsea both goalkeepers wore black armbands as a mark of respects for Jimmy's efforts.
He was survived by his wife May and three-year-old son Ronnie. Seventy years after Jimmy Thorpe's death, his son contributed towards a book penned by local historian John Kelters, 1 Jimmy Thorpe. May Thorpe remarried in 1940 to John Linklater Battye. Widowed again on the death of her second husband in 1976, she later moved to Lancashire, and died at Ulverston in the county in 1991, at the age of 77.

## Honours

* First Division: 1935–36
# Heracleides (architect)

Heracleides (Ancient Greek: Ἡρακλείδης) was an architect in the time of the Roman emperor Trajan, who is known by two inscriptions found in Egypt.
# Willem van Schendel

Willem van Schendel may refer to
* Willem van Schendel (jurist), 1950–2024, a Dutch jurist
* Willem van Schendel (historian), born 1949, a Dutch historian on South and Southeast Asia, known for the developing the geographical concept of Zomia
# Basilica of Saint-Sauveur (Rennes)

The Basilica of Saint-Sauveur in Rennes (French: Basilique Saint-Sauveur de Rennes) is a minor basilica of the Roman Catholic church, dedicated to Our Lady of Miracles and Virtues (French: Notre-Dame des Miracles et Vertus), located in the heart of the historic city of Rennes in Brittany, France. The church was founded under the name of Saint-Sauveur ("Holy Saviour") before the 11th century. Expanded several times and rebuilt in the early 18th century, it was the seat of a parish for nearly three hundred years, until the Second World War, and again from 2002. Following several events described as miraculous in the 14th and 18th centuries, the cult of Mary developed strongly in this church, culminating in its elevation to a basilica in 1916. The building is classical in style and is particularly noteworthy for its furnishings: the baldachin of the high altar, the wrought iron pulpit, the organ, as well as the numerous ex-votos left by the faithful.
# Valad Kosh

Valad Kosh (Persian: ولدکش, also Romanized as Valad Kosht) is a village in Kashkan Rural District, Shahivand District, Dowreh County, Lorestan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 310, in 67 families.
# Irganay

Irganay (Russian: Ирганай; Avar: Рихьуни) is a rural locality (a selo) in Untsukulsky District, Republic of Dagestan, Russia. Population: 2,366 (2021 Census); 1,799 (2002 Census); 1,119 (1989 Soviet census). There are 12 streets.

## Geography

Irganay is located 9 km southeast of Shamilkala (the district's administrative centre) by road. Balakhani is the nearest rural locality.
# Laval River Rare Forest

The Laval River Rare Forest (French: Forêt rare de la Rivière-Laval) is a protected area of rare forest in the Côte-Nord region of Quebec, Canada. It is classified as an exceptional forest ecosystem.

## Location

The Laval River Rare Forest is in the municipality of Colombier in La Haute-Côte-Nord Regional County Municipality. It is 11 kilometres (6.8 mi) to the north of Forestville. The 33 hectares (82 acres) Laval River Rare Forest (Forêt rare de la Rivière-Laval) is on the east side of the Laval River between Lac à Jacques and Route 138. The forest is administered by the Forest Environment Directorate of Quebecʻs Ministry of Natural Resources, Wildlife and Parks. It was designated a rare forest ecosystem in 2003, and has IUCN management category III.
A map of the ecological regions of Quebec shows the Forestville region in the 5g-T ecological subregion of the east fir/white birch subdomain. The Laval River area is dominated by stands of balsam fir (Abies balsamea). The soil consists of glacial deposits, with many rocky outcrops. The forest has developed on the thin and stony soils of the flat areas and small hills along the east bank of the river.

## Flora

The Laval River Rare Forest is a young stand of black spruce (Picea mariana) and red pine (Pinus resinosa). The presence of red pine is unusual, since it is far from its normal range, which in Quebec is mainly the deciduous forest area to the west of the Gatineau River where the climate is milder and fires are more common. Red pines are hardly ever found on the Côte-Nord, and this stand would have needed repeated fires to have survived.
The stand is open and has developed after a fairly severe fire around 1960. It is mainly black spruce and balsam fir, but red pines are scattered throughout. The red pines have many branches, and the stems are very twisted. Trunks are sometimes over 20 centimetres (7.9 in) in diameter at chest height and only 8 metres (26 ft) high, probably due to poor soil. The fire seems to have been the cause of the low density of trees and the abundant Ericaceae and lichens in the undergrowth, which reduces competition from balsam fir.
The shrub and herbaceous layer is dominated by species adapted to poor and dry environments such as sheep laurel (Kalmia angustifolia), common blueberry (Vaccinium myrtilloides), lowbush blueberry (Vaccinium angustifolium), Cladonia rangiferina (Cladonia rangiferina), green reindeer lichen (Cladonia mitis) and northern reindeer lichen (Cladonia stellaris). The frequency of these species in the undergrowth would be expected to decrease with time unless a new fire re-establishes conditions favorable to their growth.
# Siarhei Lahun

Siarhei Lahun (May 27, 1988 – April 22, 2011) was a Belarusian weightlifter.
At the 2007 World Weightlifting Championships he ranked 10th in the 77 kg category, with a total of 342 kg.
He competed in Weightlifting at the 2008 Summer Olympics in the 77 kg division finishing tenth with 349 kg. This beat his previous personal best by 4 kg.
He died in a car crash on 23 April 2011. In this crash, the lifter Yauheni Zharnasek (BLR) also suffered severe injuries.
He was 5 ft 8 inches tall and weighed 88 kg (194 lb).
# Jimmy Walsh (footballer, born 1901)

James Arthur Walsh (born 15 May 1901 in Stockport) was a footballer who played for Liverpool from 1923 to 1928. He was Liverpool's top scorer during the 1923–24 with 19 goals in all competitions.
# Gamecock (disambiguation)

A gamecock is a rooster that is bred for fighting. Gamecock may also refer to:

## South Carolina history and symbolism

* Thomas Sumter, the "Carolina Gamecock" (1734–1832), South Carolina military leader during the American Revolution
* The South Carolina Gamecocks, the varsity sports teams of the University of South Carolina
* The Daily Gamecock, a student newspaper of the University of South Carolina
* Sumter Gamecocks, the varsity sports teams of Sumter High School in Sumter, South Carolina

## Military

* Gloster Gamecock, a biplane fighter of the Royal Air Force
* Gamecock Barracks (formerly HMS Gamecock), a military installation in England

## Other

* Gamecock Cottage, an historic building located at Stony Brook in Suffolk County, New York
* The Gamecock (film), a 1974 Italian comedy film
* Gamecock Media Group, a video game publisher based in Austin, Texas
* Saltbush Bill's Gamecock, a humorous poem by Australian writer and poet Andrew Barton "Banjo" Paterson
* The Jacksonville State Gamecocks, the varsity sports teams of Jacksonville State University in Jacksonville, Alabama
# Kureh Bar

Kureh Bar (Persian: كوره بر, also Romanized as Kūreh Bar and Kūrehbar) is a village in Ahandan Rural District, in the Central District of Lahijan County, Gilan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 216, in 59 families.
# The Young Sinner (1960 film)

The Young Sinner (German: Die junge Sünderin) is a 1960 West German drama film directed by Rudolf Jugert and starring Karin Baal, Vera Tschechowa and Rudolf Prack. It was shot at the Göttingen Studios. The film's sets were designed by the art directors Otto Pischinger and Hertha Hareiter.

## Cast

* Karin Baal as Eva Reck
* Vera Tschechowa as Carola
* Rudolf Prack as Werner Ortmann
* Grethe Weiser as Anna Reck
* Inge Egger as Marthe Ortmann
* Rainer Brandt as Robert
* Lore Hartling as Isa Sensbach
* Peter Thom as Ludwig Reck
* Peter Vogel as Erich Kolp
* Ruth Nimbach as Fräulein Werth
* Bum Krüger as Hehedorn
* Hans Richter as Müller
* Albert Bessler as Scharwitz
* Hellmut Grube
* Rola Käsmann
* Georg Lehn
* Lore Schulz
* Barbara Wiechmann
* Alwin Woesthoff
* Paul Hubschmid as Alfred Schott
# The Voyeur (1994 film)

The Voyeur (Italian: L'uomo che guarda, lit. 'The Man Who Looks') is a 1994 Italian erotic drama film written and directed by Tinto Brass in a free adaptation of Alberto Moravia's eponymous 1985 novel. It tells the story of an academic who in his interactions with other people is fated to watch and not to act, an approach that does not lead him to success with women.

## Plot

In Rome, Dodo is a university lecturer taking a class in French literature. Also in the apartment is his bedridden father Alberto, whose nurse Fausta looks after his medical and sexual needs. The withdrawn Dodo does not respond to her provocative behaviour and is repelled by the rampant sexuality of his father. Part of his trouble is that he was too close to his now dead mother, who not only had to meet her husband's needs but also had to share him with countless other women. But his main problem is that his beautiful and sexy wife Silvia, who breezed into his quiet studious life, has vanished with another man.
After a class, an African girl called Pascasie asks him back to her flat and strips off, inviting him to photograph her. When her flatmate comes home, after an initial spat over the presence of a strange man, the two girls start making love. Dodo, always the observer and not the participant, leaves them to it. Increasingly, he fantasises about the absent Silvia and about the sex lives of his parents. One night there is a mystery woman in his father's bedroom and in the morning Fausta says it must have been Silvia, because she still has a door key. Then, all of a sudden, Silvia says she wants to come back to the apartment.

## Cast

* Katarina Vasilissa ... Silvia
* Francesco Casale ... Dodo
* Cristina Garavaglia ... Fausta
* Raffaella Offidani ... Pascasie
* Antonio Salines ... Medical attendant
* Martine Brochard ... The contessa
* Franco Branciaroli ... Alberto
* Ted Rusoff ... The Parking Attendant
* Tinto Brass (uncredited)
# Rosta, Republic of Dagestan

Rosta (Russian: Роста; Avar: РостӀа) is a rural locality (a selo) in Mazadinsky Selsoviet, Tlyaratinsky District, Republic of Dagestan, Russia. Population: 77 (2010 Census); 46 (2002 Census); 128 (1989 Soviet census).

## Geography

Rosta is located 29 km north of Tlyarata (the district's administrative centre) by road. Niklida and Mazada are the nearest rural localities.
# Alex Willoughby

Alex Willoughby (17 September 1944 – 14 July 2004) was a Scottish professional football forward who played for Rangers and Aberdeen.

## Career

Willoughby was born in Springburn, Glasgow, and educated at Petershill Primary School and Colston Junior Secondary School, both located in the Springburn area. He played youth football with his local Boys' Brigade team, and then with Drumchapel Amateurs before commencing his career with Rangers as a schoolboy signing at 15 years of age in 1959. He subsequently signed professional terms with Rangers in 1961. He scored in the 1963 Scottish League Cup Final win over Morton, but was omitted from the 1967 European Cup Winners' Cup Final team to the surprise of many, with Roger Hynd preferred, despite Willoughby having scored 17 goals in 14 games in the three months prior.
He joined Aberdeen in 1969, and left Scotland in 1974 to play for Hong Kong Rangers, before spells in Australia and South Africa. He then coached Icelandic side KA.

## Personal life

His cousin was former Rangers and Aberdeen forward Jim Forrest. Willoughby played alongside Forrest at Drumchapel, Rangers, Aberdeen and Hong Kong Rangers. He died in 2004 from cancer, aged 59.

## Career statistics
### Appearances and goals by club, season and competition

| Club | Season | League | League | League | National Cup | National Cup | League Cup | League Cup | Europe | Europe | Total | Total |
| Club | Season | Division | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals |
| Rangers | 1962-63 | Scottish Division One | 3 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 2 |
| Rangers | 1963-64 | Scottish Division One | 6 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 8 | 4 |
| Rangers | 1964-65 | Scottish Division One | 5 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 5 | 2 |
| Rangers | 1965-66 | Scottish Division One | 23 | 6 | 2 | 1 | 9 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 34 | 12 |
| Rangers | 1966-67 | Scottish Division One | 12 | 16 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 1 | 15 | 17 |
| Rangers | 1967-68 | Scottish Division One | 23 | 10 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 26 | 10 |
| Rangers | 1968-69 | Scottish Division One | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 4 | 0 |
| Rangers | Total | Total | 75 | 39 | 4 | 1 | 11 | 6 | 5 | 1 | 95 | 47 |
| Aberdeen | 1969–70 | Scottish Division One | 19 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 6 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 26 | 1 |
| Aberdeen | 1970–71 | Scottish Division One | 19 | 2 | 4 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 25 | 2 |
| Aberdeen | 1971–72 | Scottish Division One | 29 | 7 | 3 | 1 | 6 | 2 | 4 | 0 | 42 | 10 |
| Aberdeen | 1972–73 | Scottish Division One | 25 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 9 | 0 | 2 | 1 | 37 | 2 |
| Aberdeen | 1973–74 | Scottish Division One | 11 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 5 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 19 | 0 |
| Aberdeen | Total | Total | 103 | 10 | 9 | 1 | 27 | 3 | 10 | 1 | 149 | 15 |
| Career total | Career total | Career total | 178 | 49 | 13 | 2 | 38 | 9 | 15 | 2 | 244 | 62 |
# Aliaksei Mzhachyk

Aliksei Uladzimiravich Mzhachyk (Belarusian: Аляксей Уладзіміравіч Мжачык; 30 June 1996 – 1 August 2021) was a Belarusian weightlifter. He placed 12th in the men's +105 kg event at the 2016 Summer Olympics held in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
In age-specific categories he won the bronze medal at the 2017 European Junior & U23 Weightlifting Championships. He finished eighth at the 2017 European Weightlifting Championships and thirteenth at the 2018 World Weightlifting Championships.
Mzhachyk died in a car accident in Germany on 1 August 2021. He was 25.
# Massimo Morante

Massimo Morante (6 October 1952 – 23 June 2022) was an Italian musician who was the guitar player for the Italian progressive rock band Goblin. Goblin provided soundtracks for several horror films, including Dario Argento's Deep Red (1975) and Suspiria (1977), and George A. Romero's Dawn of the Dead (1978). Morante died in June 2022, at the age of 69.
# Passy Peak

Passy Peak (Bulgarian: връх Паси, romanized: vrah Pasi, IPA:) is a peak of elevation 510 m in Vidin Heights on Varna Peninsula, Livingston Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica. Surmounting Panega Glacier to the southeast, Rose Valley Glacier to the northeast, and Saedinenie Snowfield to the northwest. The peak is named after Solomon Passy (b. 1956) in appreciation of his role in organizing the Bulgarian Antarctic campaigns and the upgrade of St. Kliment Ohridski base in 1993–96.

## Location

The peak is located at 62°31′43″S 60°08′27″W﻿ / ﻿62.52861°S 60.14083°W﻿ / -62.52861; -60.14083, which is 1.4 km northeast of Miziya Peak, 8.6 km south of Williams Point, 1.6 km west-northwest of Madara Peak and 380 m northeast of Krichim Peak (Bulgarian topographic survey Tangra 2004/05, and mapping in 2005 and 2009).

## Maps

* L.L. Ivanov et al. Antarctica: Livingston Island and Greenwich Island, South Shetland Islands. Scale 1:100000 topographic map. Sofia: Antarctic Place-names Commission of Bulgaria, 2005.
* L.L. Ivanov. Antarctica: Livingston Island and Greenwich, Robert, Snow and Smith Islands. Scale 1:120000 topographic map. Troyan: Manfred Wörner Foundation, 2009. ISBN 978-954-92032-6-4
# Saint-Martin-Terressus

Saint-Martin-Terressus (French pronunciation:; Occitan: Sent Martin Tarrassos) is a commune in the Haute-Vienne department in the Nouvelle-Aquitaine region in west-central France.
# Mazada, Republic of Dagestan

Mazada (Russian: Мазада) is a rural locality (a selo) and the administrative center of Mazadinsky Selsoviet, Tlyaratinsky District, Republic of Dagestan, Russia. Population: 195 (2010 Census); 533 (2002 Census); 193 (1989 Soviet census).

## Geography

Mazada is located 25 km north of Tlyarata (the district's administrative centre) by road. Rosta is the nearest rural locality.
# William Hogan (footballer)

William Hogan (1871 – after 1896) was an English professional footballer who played as a winger. When Hogan signed for Leicester he was "recognised as one of the best baseball players in England" and was wanted by Preston North End.

## Professional baseball

Hogan was a professional pitcher for Preston North End Baseball Club in the 1890 National League of Baseball of Great Britain.
# Gradišče pri Divači

Gradišče pri Divači (pronounced; Italian: Gradischie di San Canziano) is a small settlement in the Municipality of Divača in the Littoral region of Slovenia.

## Name

The name of the settlement was changed from Gradišče to Gradišče pri Divači in 1953.

## Church

The local church is dedicated to Saint Helena.
# The Spectator (film)

The Spectator (Italian: La spettatrice) is a 2004 Italian romance-drama film written and directed by Paolo Franchi. It was screened at the 2004 Tribeca Film Festival. The film was paired by several critics with the works by Krzysztof Kieślowski.

## Cast

* Barbora Bobuľová - Valeria
* Andrea Renzi - Massimo
* Brigitte Catillon - Flavia
* Chiara Picchi - Sonia
* Matteo Mussoni - Andrea
* Giorgio Podo - Lo conosciuto pub
* Carlotta Centanni - L'agente immobiliare
* Cesare Cremonini - Il gufo
# Lynn Shores

Lynn Shores (September 22, 1893 – December 28, 1949) was an American film director. Shores was born on September 22, 1893, in Binghamton, New York, and is best known for directing Sally's Shoulders (1928), A Million to One (1936) and Here's Flash Casey (1938). Lynn died on December 28, 1949, in Los Angeles, California.

## Selected filmography

* Sally's Shoulders (1928)
* Stolen Love (1928)
* Skinner's Big Idea (1928)
* Sally of the Scandals (1928)
* The Jazz Age (1929)
* The Voice of the Storm (1929)
* The Delightful Rogue (1929)
* The Glory Trail (1936)
* Rebellion (1936)
* Here's Flash Casey (1937)
* The Shadow Strikes (1937)
* Woman in Distress (1937)
* Charlie Chan at the Wax Museum (1940)
* Golden Hoofs (1941)
# Bergamo – San Vigilio funicular

The Bergamo – San Vigilio funicular (Italian: Funicolare di Bergamo-San Vigilio) is an funicular railway connecting Bergamo's Upper City (Italian: Città alta) to the top of San Vigilio hill. Another funicular, the Bergamo Upper City funicular, has its upper terminus approximately 800 m (2,600 ft) away on the opposite side of the Upper City.
The funicular opened on August 27, 1912 and was temporarily closed between 1976 and 1991. The line begins near the Sant'Alessandro Gate at the western edge of the Upper City from where it climbs 90 m (300 ft) in elevation at approximately 22% grade to San Vigilio hill. Original plans to urbanize San Vigilio were never realized and there is presently a belvedere and accommodation at the upper terminus.
Initially the funicular consisted of two cars but this was reduced to a single car with a capacity of 55 persons in 1991. Travel time for the route is 2 minutes and 40 seconds. The funicular's ticket cost is €1.30 and is integrated into the Azienda Trasporti Bergamo [it] transit network.
# Ganagobie Abbey

Ganagobie Abbey (French: Abbaye Notre-Dame de Ganagobie) is a Benedictine monastery in Ganagobie in the department of Alpes-de-Haute-Provence, France. It is part of the Solesmes Congregation of the Benedictine Confederation and as such focuses on Gregorian chant.

## A Cluniac Priory

The first monastic foundation on this remote and mountainous site appears to date from the 9th or 10th century. Among the first documentary records is a bull of Pope Stephen VIII in 939 confirming the possessions of Cluny Abbey, among them the monastery at Ganagobie. It was suppressed in 1789 under the Ancien Régime and sold off in 1791 during the course of the French Revolution, after which large parts of the buildings were demolished.

## Gift to Marseilles Priory

In 1865 the Benedictines of Solesmes under Dom Prosper Guéranger founded the Priory of St. Madeleine in Marseilles, or Marseilles Priory. In 1891 the Comte de Malijay, by that time the owner of the priory site at Ganagobie, made a gift of to the Marseilles Priory. In the course of repair and restoration work on the new property, important medieval mosaics were discovered in 1898.

## A Dependency of Hautecombe Abbey

In 1901 however the community at Marseilles were forced by the Association Laws to leave France. They took refuge in Italy and did not return until 1922, when they took up residence at Hautecombe Abbey, of which Ganagobie was from then on a priory, of one or two monks only.

## A Benedictine Abbey

In 1987, after decades of restoration work, the whole community of Hautecombe decided to move to Ganagobie, which they did in 1992.

## Sources

* Ganagobie Abbey official website
43°59′52″N 5°54′29″E﻿ / ﻿43.99778°N 5.90806°E﻿ / 43.99778; 5.90806