OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Al-Jami'a

Al-jāmi'a (Arabic: ٱلْجَامِعَة, lit. 'the inclusive') is a book that Twelver Shias believe was dictated by Muhammad to Ali. Ja'far al-Sadiq refers to it as a scroll (ṣaḥīfa) that is 70 cubits long and was dictated by the Islamic prophet Muhammad and written down by Ali. It is also known as Kitab Ali (lit. Book of Ali) in some sources. It is said that it covers all legal questions, including such details as the blood-money due for a scratch.

## Description

Al-Jamia is a scroll made from rams skin which measures 70 cubits long (as measured by the arm of Muhammad) and the width of a sheepskin.
It is believed that the al-Jami'a never ages and that nothing written therein can be erased ("darasa"). And that because Imams have it, they are significantly more knowledgeable about the law than any other experts. Abd Allah ibn Shubruma, a jurist from Kufa who died in 144/761, is thus disparaged by Ja'far al-Sadiq. Similar to this, Ja'far al-Sadiq claims that Abd Allah ibn Al-Hasan, a leader of the rival Shi'i Hasanid branch, only has access to the texts that are available to the rest of the community; he lacks the additional texts that the Imams possess and will not be able to respond to legal questions as a result. There is no need for analogic reasoning (qiys) therefore, according to Shia imams, because the jami'a already has all of the answers. Ja'far al-Sadiq is said to have buried the book when the extremist Shi'i al-Mughīra ibn Sa'īd was crucified in 119 (Hijri)/737-6(Gregorian) on the orders of the Umayyad governor Khalid al-Qasri, an event that al-Sadiq must have perceived as posing a threat to other Shi'is as well. The book, thus, was well guarded against enemies. The Twelver Shia believe that Al-Jamia is currently in the possession of the 12th Imam Muhammad al-Mahdi, after he inherited it from his predecessors.

## Contents

The contents of al-Jamia include:
* Details and showing of all the permitted (halal) and sinful things (haraam).
* Legal verdicts.
# Brian Peckham

J. Brian Peckham (1934–2008) was a professor of Near and Middle Eastern Civilizations at Regis College in the Toronto School of Theology and the Centre for the Study of Religion at the University of Toronto. In 1993, Peckham published "History and Prophecy: The Development of Late Judean Literary Traditions," which argues that the Bible was created from the beginning as a work of literature, and that biblical text was meant to be read and performed.
# Norwegian Association of Audiovisual Translators

The Norwegian Association of Audiovisual Translators (Norwegian: Norsk audiovisuell oversetterforening, NAViO) is an association organizing mainly translators dealing with subtitling for the cinema, television, video, DVD and Internet markets.
NAViO was established in 1997. Close to 140 translators have joined the association out of approximately 180 active translators in Norway (2007).

## Main objectives

NAViO's main objectives are to
* unite translators working within the audiovisual media,
* protect the common economic interests of its members,
* promote professional development and social exchange for its members,
* work for the recognition of subtitlers as professionals and
* make visible the cultural importance of the work performed by translators within the audiovisual media.
# Sergei Chetverikov

Sergei Sergeevich Chetverikov (Russian: Серге́й Серге́евич Четверико́в; 6 May 1880 – 2 July 1959) was a Russian biologist and one of the early contributors to the development of the field of genetics. His research showed how early genetic theories applied to natural populations, and has therefore contributed towards the modern synthesis of evolutionary theory.
Between the two World Wars, Soviet biological research managed to connect genetics with field research on natural populations. Chetverikov led a team at the Nikolai Koltsov Institute of Experimental Biology in Moscow, and in 1926 produced what should have been one of the landmark papers of the modern synthesis. However, published only in Russian, it was largely ignored in the English-speaking world (though J.B.S. Haldane possessed a translation).
Chetverikov influenced several Russian geneticists who later came to work in the West, such as Theodosius Dobzhansky and Nikolay Timofeev-Ressovsky, both of whom continued to work in a similar style. The significance of Chetverikov's work came to light much later, by which time the evolutionary synthesis was virtually complete.
He was arrested by OGPU in 1929 and sent to exile to Yekaterinburg for five years. He later moved to Nizhny Novgorod and organized the Department of Genetics at Gorky University. He was dismissed from his post at the behest of Lysenko in 1948.
# Castlestrange Stone

The Castlestrange stone is located in the grounds of "Castlestrange House" near Athleague in County Roscommon, Ireland. It is a granite boulder decorated with flowing spirals in the La Tène style, dating from the Iron Age period between 300 BC and 100 AD.
Only three other stones of this type have been found in Ireland, the Turoe Stone in County Galway, the Killycluggin Stone in County Cavan and the Derrykeighan Stone in County Antrim. All four stones lie on roughly the same line connecting them on a map of Ireland. The use of the stones is not known but it is assumed they served some religious or ritual purpose.
The stone is a protected National Monument.
# Kawoosa Khalisa

Kawoosa Khalisa is a village in the Narbal Block of Budgam district in the Indian union territory of Jammu and Kashmir. It is 16 km west of Budgam and 10 km from the state capital, Srinagar. Located on Srinagar-Gulmarg Highway. Kawoosa Khalisa is bordered to the west by Breng Block, to the north by Wakura Block, to the east by Pattan Block, and to the south by Badgam Block.

## Demographics

The primary languages are Kashmiri and Urdu. Kawoosa is blessed with rich spirituality and holy shrine of sheikh syed ahmad shah kirmani R.A adds to the religious colour of village. Every year the urs of this saint is celebrated on 21 Ramzan

## Education

Nearby colleges include Govt. Degree College Magam, Govt. Degree College Bemina, and Govt. Degree College Beerwah.
There are two public schools: 1. Hanfia Anglo Arabic Modern Public School Kawoosa Khalisa. 2. Sheikh Ul Aalam Public Model High School Kawoosa Khalisa. There are two government schools: 1. Govt. Boys High School 2. Govt. Girls Middle School Along with it kawoosa khalisa is No were behind in online education as it is founding place for famous online education portal (http://learnocracy.in) available on andriod and ios platforms with avision of Delivering kamyaabi to bharat and beyond and make education affordable to all.
Recently online Educational Academy has been started by one of the teacher(Parvaiz Ahmad Malik) from Sheikh Ul Aalam Public Model High School Kawoosa Khalisa (http://parvaizeducationalacademy.blogspot.com/) (https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCP7VF2Bl0Grxr-HlrPZtnUw).
kawoosa khalisa has rich heritage regioious schools like darasgah kirmani , darasgah ibrahim . .
# Liu Shiyu

Liu Shiyu (Chinese: 刘士余; born November 1961) is a Chinese banker and former public official. He was best known for his term as head of the China Securities Regulatory Commission between 2016 and 2018. Liu previously served as President of the Agricultural Bank of China from 2014 to 2016. He turned himself into the authorities for disciplinary violations in 2019, and was demoted given a party membership suspension. At the time, he was serving as Chairman of the All-China Federation of Supply and Marketing Cooperatives. Liu was the second ministerial-level official to hand in to anti-corruption authorities since the 18th National Congress of the Chinese Communist Party in late 2012.

## Biography

Liu was born in Guanyun County, Jiangsu. He graduated from Tsinghua University initially in hydraulic engineering, then and received a master's combined degree in engineering and management, and a doctorate in economics. Between 1987 and 1996, he worked for the Shanghai municipal economic structural reform office, then the National Office of Structural Reform, before being transferred to the China Construction Bank (CCB). At CCB, Liu was rapidly promoted to more senior roles, working in its Banking Supervision Department. In 2002 he began heading the administrative office of the People's Bank of China, and in July 2004, was named Assistant to the Governor, finally being promoted to Deputy Governor in June 2006.
In October 2014, he became the Communist Party Secretary (i.e. top leader) of the Agricultural Bank of China. In February 2016, he was named chairman of the China Securities Regulatory Commission. He was tapped for the role upon the dismissal of Xiao Gang, after a tumultuous year in the Chinese stock market that led to huge investor losses. At the CSRC, Liu was known to have decreased the backlog of approvals for companies awaiting IPO on China's stock markets. In January 2019, he was named Chairman of All-China Federation of Supply and Marketing Cooperatives, replacing Wang Xia.

## Investigation

On May 19, 2019, Liu was placed under investigation by the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection (CCDI), the party's internal disciplinary body, and the National Supervisory Commission, the highest anti-corruption agency of China.
On October 4, 2019, the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection said in a statement that Liu was found to have severely violated political discipline and political rules, received gifts and used his power and position to seek personal gain for others, made illegal arrangements for others to work in the financial system and job promotion. Liu was placed on two-year probation within the Party, and demoted to first-level investigator (一级调研员), a non-leading position somewhat equivalent to the official of section rank (正处级; zhengchuji). He was removed from membership of the 19th National Congress of the Chinese Communist Party.
# Ashanga

Ashanga (Russian: Ашанга) is a rural locality (an ulus) in Khorinsky District, Republic of Buryatia, Russia. The population was 223 as of 2010. There are 5 streets.

## Geography

Ashanga is located 45 km northeast of Khorinsk (the district's administrative centre) by road. Amgalanta is the nearest rural locality.
# Prolochus (mythology)

In Greek mythology, Prolochus (Ancient Greek: Πρόλοχόν) was one of the Lapiths who attended the nuptial of their king Pirithous and Hippodamia. He fought in the celebrated Centauromachy, the battle that erupted between the Lapiths and the centaurs after the latter attempted to rape the bride of the Lapith ruler.
# Prayer callus

A prayer callus, prayer bump, zabiba or zebiba (Arabic: زبيبة zabība, "raisin") is a callus on the forehead present in some devout praying Muslims. Owing to its societal significance it is also known as the "devout sign". Among notable Egyptian leader Anwar Sadat's reputation for personal piety was evidenced by a callus on his forehead from repeated prostration in prayer.
Islam requires its adherents to pray five times a day (known as salat), which involves kneeling on a prayer mat and touching the ground (or a raised piece of clay called turbah by the Shia) with one's forehead. When done firmly for extended periods of time, a callus – the "prayer bump" – can develop on the forehead which may be considered as a sign of piety and dedication. Some Muslims believe that It is referred to in the Quran as:
   Muḥammad is the Messenger of Allah; and those with him are forceful against the disbelievers, merciful among themselves. You see them bowing and prostrating [in prayer], seeking bounty from Allah and [His] pleasure. Their sign is in their faces from the effect of prostration [i.e., prayer]. That is their description in the Torah. And their description in the Gospel is as a plant which produces its offshoots and strengthens them so they grow firm and stand upon their stalks delighting the sowers – so that He may enrage by them the disbelievers. Allah has promised those who believe and do righteous deeds among them forgiveness and a great reward
Some Muslims also believe that on the Day of Resurrection, this callus will fluoresce with an immense white light. With the growing popularity of the zabiba in Egypt, its visibility can enhance societal standing and reflect an individual's commitment to prayer, creating a favorable first impression. In some cases, the callus can be thick enough to create a noticeable bump that protrudes from the forehead.
# 1929 International League season

The 1929 International League was a Class AA baseball season played between April 17 and September 23. Eight teams played a 168-game schedule, with the first place team winning the pennant.
The Rochester Red Wings won the International League pennant, finishing in first place, eleven games ahead of the second place Toronto Maple Leafs.

## Team changes

* The Rochester Red Wings moved into a new home ballpark, Silver Stadium.

## Teams

1929 International League :
| Team | City | MLB Affiliate | Stadium |
| Baltimore Orioles | Baltimore, Maryland | None | Oriole Park |
| Buffalo Bisons | Buffalo, New York | None | Bison Stadium |
| Jersey City Skeeters | Jersey City, New Jersey | None | West Side Park |
| Montreal Royals | Montreal, Quebec | None | Delorimier Stadium |
| Newark Bears | Newark, New Jersey | None | Davids' Stadium |
| Reading Keystones | Reading, Pennsylvania | Chicago Cubs | Lauer's Park |
| Rochester Red Wings | Rochester, New York | St. Louis Cardinals | Red Wing Stadium |
| Toronto Maple Leafs | Toronto, Ontario | None | Maple Leaf Stadium |

## Regular season
### Summary

* The Rochester Red Wings won their second consecutive pennant, finishing eleven games ahead of the Toronto Maple Leafs.
* George Quellich of the Reading Keystones set a professional league record as he had hits in 15 straight at-bats, which included a double and five home runs during his streak.

### Standings

International League :
| Team | Win | Loss | % | GB |
| Rochester Red Wings | 103 | 65 | .613 | – |
| Toronto Maple Leafs | 92 | 76 | .548 | 11 |
| Baltimore Orioles | 90 | 78 | .536 | 13 |
| Montreal Royals | 88 | 79 | .527 | 14.5 |
| Buffalo Bisons | 83 | 84 | .497 | 20.5 |
| Newark Bears | 81 | 85 | .488 | 21 |
| Reading Keystones | 80 | 86 | .482 | 22 |
| Jersey City Skeeters | 51 | 115 | .307 | 51 |

## League Leaders
### Batting leaders

| Stat | Player | Total |
| AVG | Danny Taylor, Reading Keystones | .371 |
| H | Rabbit Whitman, Reading Keystones | 230 |
| R | Specs Toporcer, Rochester Red Wings | 142 |
| 2B | Chicken Hawks, Reading Keystones | 44 |
| 3B | Joe Rabbitt, Toronto Maple Leafs | 18 |
| HR | Ripper Collins, Rochester Red Wings | 38 |
| RBI | Ripper Collins, Rochester Red Wings | 146 |
| SB | Joe Rabbitt, Toronto Maple Leafs | 46 |

### Pitching leaders

| Stat | Player | Total |
| W | Chief Hogsett, Montreal Royals | 22 |
| L | Jess Bream, Jersey City Skeeters | 20 |
| ERA | Hub Pruett, Newark Bears | 2.43 |
| CG | Chief Hogsett, Montreal Royals | 28 |
| SHO | Al Mamaux, Newark Bears | 7 |
| SO | Carl Fischer, Newark Bears | 191 |
| IP | Chief Hogsett, Montreal Royals | 288.0 |
# Andy Young (footballer)

Andy Young (21 June 1925 – 27 October 2008) was a Scottish footballer who played as a wing half for Celtic and Raith Rovers.
# Kfar Shaul Mental Health Center

Kfar Shaul Mental Health Center (Hebrew: בית החולים כפר שאול), established in 1951, is an Israeli public psychiatric hospital located between Givat Shaul and Har Nof, Jerusalem. It is affiliated with the Hadassah Medical Center and the Hebrew University of Jerusalem. The hospital is Jerusalem's designated psychiatric hospital for tourists who display mental health disturbances, and is widely known for its research on Jerusalem Syndrome.
The hospital is located on the grounds of the former Palestinian village of Deir Yassin, and makes use of buildings that remained intact after the massacre of Deir Yassin that occurred during the 1948 Palestine War.

## Description

The Givat Shaul mental health center opened in 1951, utilizing the houses and school building of Deir Yassin, which had been left untouched. It was originally a therapeutic community of 300 patients who spent most of the day working outdoors. It was called the Kfar Shaul Government Work Village for Mental Patients. In its early years, the majority of the patients were Holocaust survivors. The hospital now suffers from severe overcrowding and has an average occupancy rate of 110 percent. Udi Aloni, an Israeli director who made a film about the hospital, Forgiveness (2006), described it as dilapidated.
The hospital is equipped with Snoezelen rooms, a Dutch therapy technique which uses controlled stimulation of the five senses to benefit the mentally and physically disabled. Kfar Shaul is known in particular for its association with Jerusalem Syndrome, a condition in which the sufferer is gripped by religious delusions. The hospital sees some 50 patients a year who are diagnosed with the condition. Israel psychologist Gregory Katz has said many of the patients are Pentecostals from rural parts of the United States and Scandinavia. The syndrome was first diagnosed in 1993 by Yair Bar-El, a former director of the hospital.
In 2000, archaeologists unearthed the remains of a winepress dated to the Byzantine or Roman era on the grounds of the hospital.

## Published research

* Bar-El, I. et al. "Psychiatric hospitalization of tourists in Jerusalem", Compr Psychiatry. 1991 May-Jun;32(3):238-44.
* Durst, R. et al. "Amnesiac state in a Holocaust survivor patient: Psychogenic versus neurological basis", Isr J Psychiatry Relat Sci. 1999;36(1):47-54.
* Durst, R. et al. "Kleptomania: diagnosis and treatment options", CNS Drugs. 2001;15(3):185-95.
* Katz, G. et al. "Time zone change and major psychiatric morbidity: The results of a 6-year study in Jerusalem", Compr Psychiatry. 2002 Jan-Feb;43(1):37-40.
* Raskin, Sergey. "The concept of judgment in the medico-legal context: A view from Israel", Journal of Psychiatric Intensive Care (2009), 5: 41–46.
* Zislin, Josef et al. "Male Genital Self-Mutilation in the Context of Religious Belief: The Jerusalem Syndrome", Transcultural Psychiatry, June 2002.
# Svarstad Church

Svarstad Church (Norwegian: Svarstad kirke or Lardal kirke) is a parish church of the Church of Norway in Larvik Municipality in Vestfold county, Norway. It is located in the village of Svarstad. It is one of the churches for the Lardal parish which is part of the Larvik prosti (deanery) in the Diocese of Tunsberg. The white, wooden church was built in a long church design in 1657 using plans drawn up by an unknown architect. The church seats about 220 people.

## History

The earliest existing historical records of the church date back to the year 1359, but the church was not built that year. It is said that the first church was a wooden stave church and it may have been built around the year 1200. That church was dedicated to St. Olav. Two of the decorative portal planks from this church have been preserved at the Museum of Cultural History, Oslo for a long time. The old church had a fire in 1392 and it was either repaired or completely rebuilt in 1395. By the end of the 17th century, the church was considered to be far too small for the parish. In 1651, a builder was hired to enlarge the church, but it was ultimately decided to build a new building on the same site. The new church was consecrated in 1657. The new building was a wooden long church with a rectangular nave and a smaller chancel on the east end. The church was owned by the Count of Larvik until it was sold to the congregation in 1764.
In 1814, this church served as an election church (Norwegian: valgkirke). Together with more than 300 other parish churches across Norway, it was a polling station for elections to the 1814 Norwegian Constituent Assembly which wrote the Constitution of Norway. This was Norway's first national elections. Each church parish was a constituency that elected people called "electors" who later met together in each county to elect the representatives for the assembly that was to meet in Eidsvoll later that year.
In 1866-1867, the church was renovated. The whole roof was rebuilt and a new tower on the nave roof was built. This renovation also included the construction of a small sacristy built on the east end of the chancel and a church porch on the west end of the nave.
# Salt and pepper chips

Salt and pepper chips is a British Chinese dish consisting of chipped potatoes mixed with stir-fried onions and peppers.

## History

The dish was invented by Chinese immigrant-owned fish and chip shops in Liverpool, and is a fusion of Chinese and British cuisine. It began to be served during the 1960s. It is primarily eaten in Northern England and Scotland, where it has become a fixture of Chinese takeaway restaurants. Its popularity is particularly high in Liverpool.

## Description

The dish is prepared by stir frying sliced onions, bell peppers and chilli peppers together with Sichuan pepper and black peppercorn. The mixture is seasoned with salt, garlic, five-spice powder and sugar. The chips are then tossed with the mixture and served.
# Sar Cheshmeh, Chalus

Sar Cheshmeh (Persian: سرچشمه) is a village in Kelarestaq-e Sharqi Rural District, in the Central District of Chalus County, Mazandaran Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 59, in 17 families.
# Knee-Knock Rise

Knee-Knock Rise is a children's book written by Natalie Babbitt and published in 1970. It was awarded the Newbery Honor in 1971. Although the story is intended for children, some of the underlying themes deal with subjects such as the need for invented religion.

## Plot synopsis

The story is set in the small village of Instep. Egan, a young boy, has come to visit relatives and attend a fair. The village's people are terrified by the noises that come from the top of a small nearby mountain. No one has ever investigated the source of the sound, but the general rumor is that a thing called the "Megrimum" lives up there, kept at bay only through the use of various charms and offerings.
Teased by his cousin, Egan decides to make a trek up the mountain to investigate the source of the noises. When he discovers what's really up there, he has a hard decision to make about whether or not to inform the village.
At the top of the rise, Egan discovers that there is no Megrimum; the source of the sound is the steam from a boiling spring inside a cave that whistles, moans, and echoes through the rocky cavern when it rains. Egan tries to tell others that the mystery of the Megrimum can be explained, but they prefer to continue believing in a Megrimum.
# Ivan Vladislav Point

Ivan Vladislav Point (Bulgarian: нос Иван Владислав, ‘Nos Ivan Vladislav’ \'nos i-'van vla-di-'slav\) is a point on the north coast of Rugged Island off the west coast of Byers Peninsula of Livingston Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica formed by an offshoot of Cherven Peak. Situated 1.63 km west-northwest of Herring Point, 400 m east-northeast of Simitli Point, and 3.27 km east-southeast of Cape Sheffield.
The point is named after Czar Ivan Vladislav of Bulgaria, 1015-1018 AD.

## Location

Ivan Vladislav Point is located at 62°37′07.2″S 61°14′05.8″W﻿ / ﻿62.618667°S 61.234944°W﻿ / -62.618667; -61.234944. British mapping in 1968, Spanish in 1993 and Bulgarian in 2009.

## Maps

* Península Byers, Isla Livingston. Mapa topográfico a escala 1:25000. Madrid: Servicio Geográfico del Ejército, 1992.
* L.L. Ivanov. Antarctica: Livingston Island and Greenwich, Robert, Snow and Smith Islands. Scale 1:120000 topographic map. Troyan: Manfred Wörner Foundation, 2009. ISBN 978-954-92032-6-4
* Antarctic Digital Database (ADD). Scale 1:250000 topographic map of Antarctica. Scientific Committee on Antarctic Research (SCAR). Since 1993, regularly upgraded and updated.
* L.L. Ivanov. Antarctica: Livingston Island and Smith Island. Scale 1:100000 topographic map. Manfred Wörner Foundation, 2017. ISBN 978-619-90008-3-0