OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Great Scribe of Lithuania

Great Scribe of Lithuania (Lithuanian: Lietuvos didysis raštininkas; Latin: notarius magnus Lithuaniae) was a central, though non-Senatorial, office in the Grand Duchy of Lithuania. The Great Scribe served as an adviser to the Grand Duke of Lithuania and his chancellor.

## History of the office

The office was created in 1504, in the Grand Duchy of Lithuania where there were three such positions, compared to only one in the Crown of Poland. The office was often staffed by Catholic clergy. In 1764, the Convocation sejm of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth rearranged the number of positions, establishing two offices for the Grand Duchy and the Crown each, and restricted it to non-clergy. In 1775 the number of offices was doubled, and it was decided that one of the four would be staffed by a secular person while the other three were filled once again by clergy.

## Responsibilities

The responsibility of the Great Scribe was to prepare properly worded versions and announcements of new laws which were put into effect. The office issued ready documents and certificates for individuals that these were sometimes addressed to. A Great Scribe was often part of diplomatic missions to foreign rulers. The scribe also was part, with veto power, of the Grand Duke of Lithuania and King of Poland Judicial Court (which ruled mostly on matters related to cities' rights and burghers). He was also responsible for writing out the sentences passed by this court.
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# Kosmos 955

Kosmos 955 (Russian: Космос-955; International Designator: 1977-091A, satcat number 10362) was a Soviet ELINT satellite, launched from the Plesetsk Cosmodrome on September 20, 1977, at 01:01 UTC. The satellite's mass was 2,500 kg. Kosmos 955 had a periapsis of 631 km, apoapsis of 664 km, period inclination of 81.2° and an orbital eccentricity of 0.00235. It was launched by a Vostok-2M carrier rocket.
It decayed from orbit on 8 September 2000.

## Overview

The launch of Kosmos 955 has been suggested as the cause of the Petrozavodsk phenomenon.
According to the official report (pictured), the satellite contained scientific equipment for the "further exploration of outer space" as well as tools for making exact measurements of its orbital parameters. Also, the satellite was capable of self-observation of its own systems and devices. However, no public data or experiments have ever been returned and it is presumed that it was a test of the military surveillance system, Tselina-D.
# Karanlık Canyon

Karanlık Canyon (Turkish: Karanlık Kanyon), literally "Dark Canyon", is a deep steep-sided gorge located between the İliç and Kemaliye districts of Erzincan Province, Turkey, formed by Karasu River on the Munzur Mountains.
The Munzur Mountains, which run in about east–west direction, are split by north–south directed narrow valleys formed by streams. The formation in Kemaliye area, created by Karasu River, is called Kemaliye Pass (Turkish: Kemaliye Boğazı). Its part between the Bağıştaş village of İliç and the Dutluca village of Kemaliye is named Karanlık Canyon. The canyon is 25 km (16 mi) long, 1,000 m (3,300 ft) deep and 10–15 m (33–49 ft) wide at the base featuring almost 90% rocky slope gradient.
The canyon offers outdoor recreational activities such as rock climbing and boat rides.
# Oranienbaum, Germany

Oranienbaum (German pronunciation: ) is a former town and a former municipality in the district of Wittenberg, in Saxony-Anhalt, Germany. Since 1 January 2011, it is a District (German: Ortsteil) of the town of Oranienbaum-Wörlitz. It is situated south of the Elbe, east of Dessau.

## History

   Duchy of Saxony 1180–1212
    County of Anhalt 1212–1218 Principality of Anhalt 1218–1252 Principality of Anhalt-Zerbst 1252–1396
    Principality of Anhalt-Dessau 1396–1561 Anhalt-Dessau, ruled by Anhalt-Zerbst 1561–1603 Principality of Anhalt-Dessau 1603–1807 Duchy of Anhalt-Dessau 1807–1863
    Duchy of Anhalt 1863–1918 Free State of Anhalt 1918–1933
    Free State of Anhalt de jure, Gau Halle-Merseburg de facto, Nazi Germany 1933–1945
   Saxony-Anhalt, Soviet occupation zone 1945–1949 Saxony-Anhalt, East Germany 1949–1952 Bezirk Halle, East Germany 1952–1990
   Wittenberg (district), Saxony-Anhalt, Germany 1990–present
The former settlement of Nischwitz was renamed in 1673 after Countess Henriette Catherine of Nassau, a scion of the House of Orange-Nassau (Dutch: Oranje-Nassau) and princess consort of the then ruling Prince John George II of Anhalt-Dessau.
From 1683 on, the Countess had the Oranienbaum Palace erected according to plans by the Dutch architect Cornelis Ryckwaert. The parks are today included within the Dessau-Wörlitz Garden Realm, a UNESCO World Heritage Site since 2000.

## Sights

* Oranienbaum Palace, park and Chinese garden with pagoda
* Baroque parish church, built in 1712
* Monument Path with 29 stations
* Historical market square
* Dutch architectural style of the 19th century

## International relations

* Daun, Germany
# Nowy Bromierz

Nowy Bromierz is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Staroźreby, within Płock County, Masovian Voivodeship, in east-central Poland.
# Tsitsishvili

The House of Tsitsishvili (Georgian: ციციშვილი) is a Georgian noble family, with several notable members from the 15th century through the 20th.

## History

The Tsitsishvili family was a continuation of the medieval house of Panaskerteli, known in the province of Upper Kartli (Samtskhe) from the 12th century, who derived their name from the castle of Panaskerti in Tao-Klarjeti. They came into prominence with Zachariah of Panaskerti, who, together with some other nobles, put down in 1192 the revolt against Queen Tamar of Georgia and were eventually enfeoffed with the duchy of Tao. His descendant, T'aqa Panaskerteli, Duke of Tao, defeated the Turkomans invading Georgia in about 1302 at Tortomi Castle.
In 1442, the king of Georgia, Vakhtang IV, married Sitikhatun, daughter of Prince Zaza I Panaskerteli. Pressured by the princes of Samtskhe of the Jaqeli dynasty, Zaza removed in 1467 to Inner Kartli, where he obtained from King Constantine II the fiefs of Khvedureti and Kareli. These formed the basis of a new princedom of the Panaskerteli, later known as Satsitsiano. The name Satsitsiano derived from the patronymic of Tsitsishvili, which was borne by Zaza's posterity, but must have been derived from an earlier member of the house called Tsitsi, and not, as has sometimes been supposed, from Zaza's son, for the patronymic is found already in an undated charter of King Alexander I of Georgia (r. 1412-1442).
The Tsitsishvili ranked as fifth among the six "undivided" princely houses of the kingdom of Kartli, a successor state of the already fragmented kingdom of Georgia. They intermarried with the royal dynasty and other nobility of Georgia and held several top hereditary offices at the court. In the 17th century, the house divided into the Upper and Lower branches, which entailed the loss of the family's dynastic status. Upon the Russian annexation of Georgia in 1801, the house of Panaskerteli-Tsitsishvili was received into the princely nobility of the empire under the name of Tsitsianov (Russian: Цицианов). Earlier, in 1724, a branch of this family, also known as Tsitsianov, was established in Russia by the expatriate Georgian nobleman Paata Tsitsishvili.
# Nowy Bromierzyk

Nowy Bromierzyk is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Staroźreby, within Płock County, Masovian Voivodeship, in east-central Poland.
# Nowy Cygów

Nowy Cygów is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Poświętne, within Wołomin County, Masovian Voivodeship, in east-central Poland. It lies approximately 13 kilometres (8 mi) east of Wołomin and 32 km (20 mi) north-east of Warsaw.
# Chaudhry Shehbaz Babar

Chaudhry Muhammad Shehbaz Babar Gujjar (Urdu: چوہدری محمد شہباز بابر گجر; born 18 February 1970) is a Pakistani politician who is an incumbenr member of the National Assembly of Pakistan since 29 February 2024. Previously he had been a member of the National Assembly of Pakistan, from August 2018 till August 2023 and also from June 2013 to May 2018.

## Early life

He was born on 18 February 1973.

## Political career

He was elected to the National Assembly of Pakistan as a candidate of Pakistan Muslim League (N) (PML-N) from Constituency NA-79 (Faisalabad-V) in 2013 Pakistani general election. He received 118,516 votes and defeated Khalid Abdullah Ghazi, a candidate of Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf (PTI).
Before being appointed as the Parliamentary Secretary for Information and Broadcasting in 2017, he served as a member of National Assembly Standing Committee for commerce, textile and health.
He was re-elected to the National Assembly as a candidate of PML-N from NA-104 (Faisalabad-IV) in 2018 Pakistani general election. He received 98,509 votes and defeated Sardar Dildar Ahmed Cheema, a candidate of PTI.
# Kuorka

Kuorka (Russian: Куорка; Buryat: Хөөрхэ, Khöörkhe) is a rural locality (a selo) in Kizhinginsky District, Republic of Buryatia, Russia. The population was 202 as of 2010. There are 7 streets.

## Geography

Kuorka is located 48 km southwest of Kizhinga (the district's administrative centre) by road. Novokizhinginsk is the nearest rural locality.
# Nowy Kawęczyn, Masovian Voivodeship

Nowy Kawęczyn is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Ciepielów, within Lipsko County, Masovian Voivodeship, in east-central Poland.
# Mycovellosiella concors

Mycovellosiella concors is a fungal plant pathogen infecting potatoes.
# Kaunissaare

Kaunissaare is a village in Anija Parish, Harju County, Estonia, south and south-east of the town of Kehra, situated around the Kaunissaare reservoir, on the banks of the Jägala river.
As of August 1, 2020, the village had a population of 89.

## History

Kaunissaare manor (Latin: Curia nostra Kaunizaar) was first mentioned in 1326 but it disappeared in the following centuries. The manor's mill is known to have been operating until the manor was re-established in 1815 as a half-manor. The manor's main building burnt down in 1945. Several other buildings that belonged to the manor complex were destroyed and flooded in the beginning of 1980's, when the reservoir was being built on the Jägala river. The reservoir is part of the Tallinn water supply system and is connected via canals to Pirita, Aavoja and Soodla rivers. The node was opened in 1984. Kaunissaare fish passage was built in 2015.

## Gallery

* Intersection west of Kaunissaare reservoir
# Lalian railway station

Lalian Railway Station (Urdu: لالیاں اسٹیشن) is located in Pakistan.
# Canton of Bapaume

The Canton of Bapaume (West Flemish: Batpalmen) is a canton situated in the department of the Pas-de-Calais and in the Hauts-de-France region of northern France.

## Geography

The canton is organized around Bapaume in the arrondissement of Arras.

## Composition

At the French canton reorganisation which came into effect in March 2015, the canton was expanded from 22 to 75 communes:
* Ablainzevelle
* Achiet-le-Grand
* Achiet-le-Petit
* Avesnes-lès-Bapaume
* Ayette
* Bancourt
* Bapaume
* Baralle
* Barastre
* Beaulencourt
* Beaumetz-lès-Cambrai
* Béhagnies
* Bertincourt
* Beugnâtre
* Beugny
* Biefvillers-lès-Bapaume
* Bihucourt
* Bourlon
* Bucquoy
* Buissy
* Bullecourt
* Bus
* Chérisy
* Courcelles-le-Comte
* Croisilles
* Douchy-lès-Ayette
* Écourt-Saint-Quentin
* Écoust-Saint-Mein
* Épinoy
* Ervillers
* Favreuil
* Fontaine-lès-Croisilles
* Frémicourt
* Gomiécourt
* Graincourt-lès-Havrincourt
* Grévillers
* Hamelincourt
* Haplincourt
* Havrincourt
* Hermies
* Inchy-en-Artois
* Lagnicourt-Marcel
* Lebucquière
* Léchelle
* Ligny-Thilloy
* Marquion
* Martinpuich
* Metz-en-Couture
* Morchies
* Morval
* Mory
* Moyenneville
* Neuville-Bourjonval
* Noreuil
* Oisy-le-Verger
* Palluel
* Pronville-en-Artois
* Quéant
* Riencourt-lès-Bapaume
* Rocquigny
* Rumaucourt
* Ruyaulcourt
* Sains-lès-Marquion
* Saint-Léger
* Sapignies
* Le Sars
* Sauchy-Cauchy
* Sauchy-Lestrée
* Le Transloy
* Trescault
* Vaulx-Vraucourt
* Vélu
* Villers-au-Flos
* Warlencourt-Eaucourt
* Ytres
# Nowy Podleck

Nowy Podleck is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Bulkowo, within Płock County, Masovian Voivodeship, in east-central Poland.
# ServiceMax

ServiceMax is a Service Execution Management company. It provides a cloud-based software platform designed to improve the productivity of complex, equipment-centric service execution for OEMs, operators, and 3rd-party service providers.

## Products & Services

ServiceMax's platform is a SaaS (Software as a Service) software running on Salesforce force.com cloud technology. ServiceMax's cloud-based, mobile-ready field service software technology supports companies across industries to manage work orders, plan and schedule work assignments, and provide mobile technician enablement, contracts and entitlements, proactive maintenance, and parts inventory management. The ServiceMax platform is designed to optimize the service execution processes and is used by service technicians, dispatchers, service planners, and their managers. Customers include medical device manufacturing, industrial manufacturing, food and beverage equipment, buildings and construction, technology, oil and gas, and power and utilities industries. ServiceMax software is primarily used by enterprise size customers.
The most recent areas of innovation include capabilities for complex jobs with functionality such as crew management and shift planning.

## History

Maxplore Technologies was founded by Athani Krishnaprasad and Hari Subramanian as a consulting company focusing on customer relationship management. A client requested Maxplore build a field service module on the Salesforce platform. The project took 2 weeks and, in 2007, was entered in the “AppExchange Challenge” at the Dreamforce conference. The project won $2 million in funding from Emergence Capital and went on to win the Force Million Dollar Challenge in 2008 when the company changed its name to ServiceMax. In February 2019, ServiceMax acquired Zinc, the company providing a frictionless way for service workers to get and share knowledge in real-time. In November 2022, PTC signed a definitive agreement to acquire ServiceMax. for $1.46 billion in cash. The acquisition completed in January 2023.

## Investors

The company completed a $82 million Series F round in August 2015 led by PremjiInvest and GE. In November 2012, ServiceMax received a $27 million Series D funding round. On November 14, 2016, General Electric Co.'s GE Digital unit announced a deal to buy ServiceMax for $915 million. The acquisition was completed on January 10, 2017. On December 13, 2018, GE Digital and SilverLake announced an agreement for GE Digital to sell a majority stake in ServiceMax. GE retained a 10% equity ownership in the company.
# Nużewko

Nużewko is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Ciechanów, within Ciechanów County, Masovian Voivodeship, in east-central Poland. It lies approximately 5 kilometres (3 mi) south-west of Ciechanów and 74 km (46 mi) north of Warsaw.
# Hambaeksan

Hambaeksan (Korean: 함백산) is a mountain between the county of Jeongseon and the city of Taebaek, Gangwon Province, South Korea. It has an elevation of 1,573 m (5,161 ft).
# Farhad and Shirin Monument

Farhad and Shirin Monument (Turkish: Ferhat ile Şirin Heykeli) is a monument atop a rocky hill in Amasya, northern Turkey dedicated to the story about the tragic romance between Farhad and Shirin.
The monument, erected by December 2012, features the bronze statues of Ferhat with a crowbar in his hand and Şirin about to jump down from the hilltop to commit suicide. The statues are 5 m (16 ft) tall.

## The legend

The legend of Ferhat and Shirin is the Anatolian version of Khosrow and Shirin, the famous tragic love story by the Persian poet Nizami Ganjavi (1141–1209). The folkloric tale is about the young muralist Farhad, who decorates mansions. He falls in love with Armenian princess Shirin as he was commissioned to decorate her villa, which was built by Şirin's sister Mehmene Banu, the female ruler of Amasya. Ferhat asks the ruler to give Şirin in marriage. Unwilling to agree, she demands that Ferhat has to bring water to the town from a far distance spring by digging a water tunnel in the nearby mountain. Ferhat digs the rocks with a crowbar. As the ruler learns that Ferhat is proceeding successfully, she sends a hag to Ferhat to tell him that Şirin has died. Upon the sad message, Ferhat throws his crowbar in the air, which hits his head while falling down. As Şirin learns about the incident, she rushes to the site, witnesses her lover is dead, and commits suicide by jumping down from the hilltop.
# Casarsa railway station

Casarsa (Italian: Stazione di Casarsa) is a railway station serving the town of Casarsa della Delizia, in the region of Friuli-Venezia Giulia, northern Italy. The station opened in 1855 and is located on the Venice–Udine railway and Casarsa–Portogruaro railway. The train services are operated by Trenitalia.

## History

The station was located on the Gemona del Friuli-Casarsa railway until its closure in 1987.

## Train services

The station is served by the following service(s):
* Night train (Intercity Notte) Trieste - Udine - Venice - Padua - Bologna - Rome
* Express services (Regionale Veloce) Trieste - Gorizia - Udine - Treviso - Venice
* Regional services (Treno regionale) Trieste - Gorizia - Udine - Treviso - Venice
* Local services (Treno regionale) Portogruaro - Casarsa della Delizia
| Preceding station | Trenitalia | Following station |
| Codroipotoward Trieste Centrale | Intercity Notte | Pordenonetoward Roma Termini |
| Codroipotoward Trieste Centrale | Treno regionale | Pordenonetoward Venezia Santa Lucia |
| Codroipotoward Trieste Centrale | Treno regionale | Cusanotoward Venezia Santa Lucia |
| San Giovanni di Casarsatoward Portogruaro-Caorle | Treno regionale | Terminus |
# Tsatanikh

Tsatanikh (Russian: Цатаних; Avar: Цӏатӏанихъ) is a rural locality (a selo) in Untsukulsky District, Republic of Dagestan, Russia. Population: 857 (2021 Census); 706 (2002 Census); 549 (1989 Soviet census). There are 5 streets.

## Geography

Tsatanikh is located 33 km west of Shamilkala (the district's administrative centre) by road. Ishtiburi is the nearest rural locality.
# Poroshkovo

Poroshkovo (Ukrainian: Порошково; Hungarian: Poroskő; Romanian: Poroșcovo) is a village in Uzhhorod Raion of Zakarpattia Oblast in Ukraine.
Until 18 July 2020, Poroshkovo was located in Perechyn Raion. The raion was abolished and its territory was merged into Uzhhorod Raion in July 2020 as part of the administrative reform of Ukraine, which reduced the number of raions of Zakarpattia Oblast to six.

## Demographics

According to the 1989 census, the population of Poroshkovo was 3,410 people, of whom 1,676 were men and 1,734 women.
Native language as of the Ukrainian Census of 2001:
* Ukrainian 92.93%
* Romanian 5.65%
* Romani 0.68%
* Russian 0.34%
* Slovak 0.10%
* Moldovan (Romanian) 0.05%
* Hungarian 0.05%
* German 0.03%
The Romanians on the area of Poroshkovo are known as volohi (cf. Vlachs) in Romanian. According to Romanian media, Poroshkovo and other neighbouring villages are of Romanian-majority and Romanians form a 10,000–15,000-strong community in the region.
# Orlando Fantoni

Orlando Fantoni (4 May 1917 – 5 June 2002), also known as Fantoni IV, was a Brazilian professional footballer and manager, who played as a forward.

## Career

The youngest of the Fantoni brothers, Orlando followed in the footsteps of Ninão and Niginho by playing for Palestra Itália (currently Cruzeiro) from 1932 to 1942. He also played two seasons for Siderúrgica de Sabará and in 1948 he transferred to Lazio, being the fourth Fantoni to represent for the club . He would still play for Vasco da Gama, where he was champion in 1949 and 1950.

## Managerial career

Soon after retiring from the field, he accepted the task of helping in the development of football in Venezuela, taking over the command of the national team and some clubs such as UCV, Deportivo Portugués and Deportivo Itália, being national champion for all of these. As a coach he had a very successful career, being the first Brazilian to win five state championships with different teams, in addition to winning titles again with Cruzeiro and Vasco, where he had been champion as a player. Fantoni also did great work for América and Corinthians, even without winning titles, in addition to being EC Bahia champion in three editions of the state championship.

## Personal life

Orlando is brother os also footballers Niginho (Leonídio Fantoni) and Ninão (João Fantoni), cousin of Nininho Fantoni, and uncle of Benito Fantoni and Fernando Fantoni.

## Death

Fantoni passed away on 5 June 2002, at the age of 85 in Salvador, due to lung emphysema.

## Honours
### Player
#### Cruzeiro

* Campeonato Mineiro: 1940

#### Vasco da Gama

* Campeonato Carioca: 1949, 1950

### Manager
#### UCV

* Venezuelan Primera División: 1957

#### Deportivo Portugués

* Venezuelan Primera División: 1958

#### Deportivo Itália

* Venezuelan Primera División: 1961, 1963, 1966

#### Cruzeiro

* Campeonato Mineiro: 1968
* Taça Minas Gerais: 1983

#### Náutico

* Campeonato Pernambucano: 1974

#### Bahia

* Campeonato Baiano: 1976, 1986, 1987

#### Vasco da Gama

* Campeonato Carioca: 1977
* Taça Guanabara: 1977

#### Grêmio

* Campeonato Gaúcho: 1979
# Ust-Urma

Ust-Urma (Russian: Усть-Урма; Buryat: Υрмын Адаг, Ürmyn Adag) is a rural locality (an ulus) in Selenginsky District, Republic of Buryatia, Russia. The population was 267 as of 2010. There are nine streets.

## Geography

Ust-Urma is located 70 km southwest of Gusinoozyorsk (the district's administrative centre) by road. Gusinoye Ozero is the nearest rural locality.
# Rush Green, East Hertfordshire

Rush Green is a hamlet on the outskirts of Hertford, Hertfordshire. The Roman road Ermine Street passed through Rush Green.

## Location

It is next to the Foxholes and Pinehurst housing estates, and bridges the gap between Hertford Heath and Hertford.

## Roundabout

The A10 road passes by, and is connected by the Rush Green roundabout.
Since the closure of McDonald's in Hertford Town Centre, Rush Green now contains the only McDonald's in Hertford.
# AS Party

The AS Party (Turkish: AS Parti, ASP) is a Turkish political party formed on 3 February 2015. Its leader is Cavit Kayıkcı and uses the slogan "civilian military" on its logo.
The ASP is largely composed of retired junior officers of the Turkish Armed Forces (TSK) and seeks to represent soldiers' interests in politics. The party aims to provide a platform for officers to have a larger say in Turkish politics while improving civil-military relations that have historically been strained. The party claims that it speaks on behalf of over 1 million people, including military officers and their families.

## Activities

On 17 January 2018, the Constitutional Court of Turkey threw out a case involving the closure of the party, on the grounds that it had dissolved and had not undergone any congresses as required by law.
On 18 May 2018, the AS Party announced its support for the People's Alliance in the forthcoming 24 June 2018 general elections.