OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Falaq (radar)

The Falaq (Persian:فلق) is an Iranian air surveillance radar system. It is a domestically upgraded and refurbished version of the Russian-made 67N6E Gamma-DE air surveillance radar. It is a 3D phased-array radar system. The system is capable of identifying all types of cruise missiles, stealth planes, unmanned aerial vehicles and ballistic missiles within a range of 400 kilometers.
The system was unveiled in Tehran on 10 August 2019, in an announcement made by the commander of Iran's Air Defense Force Brigadier General Alireza Sabahifard. Brigadier General Alireza Sabahifard stated in the announcement that the system was developed in order to counter US economic sanctions restricting Iranian access to spare parts of a previously foreign-developed system. This prompted Iranian engineers to "reconstruct" the system in a process that took 2,300 man-hours. The unveiling of the radar system came at a time of escalating tensions between Iran and United States and Europe's failing attempts at upholding its commitments to the 2015 Iran nuclear deal.

## Name

The Falaq radar system is named after the 113th chapter (sūrah) of the Qur'an. It is a brief five verse invocation, asking God (Allah) for protection and refuge from the evil of Satan.
This surah and the 114th (and last) surah in the Qur'an, an-Nās, are collectively referred to as al-Mu'awwidhatayn (Arabic for "the Refuges"), as both begin with "I seek refuge". An-Nās tells to seek God's refuge from the evil within, while al-Falaq tells to seek God's refuge from the evil from outside. Essentially, reading both of them is said to protect a person from his own mischief and the mischief of others.
# The Great Kidnapping

The Great Kidnapping (Italian: La polizia sta a guardare, also known as The Police Look On and Ransom! Police Is Watching) is a 1973 Italian poliziottesco film directed by Roberto Infascelli.

## Cast

* Enrico Maria Salerno: Quaestor Cardone
* Lee J. Cobb: Ex Quaestor Iovine
* Jean Sorel: Attorney
* Luciana Paluzzi: Renata Boletti
* Gianni Bonagura: Zenoni
* Laura Belli: Laura Ponti
* Tino Bianchi: coroner
* Claudio Gora: lawyer
* Ennio Balbo: Prefect
# 1952 in British radio

This is a list of events from British radio in 1952.

## Events
### January

* 22 January – First broadcast of The Goon Show under this title on the BBC Home Service. Michael Bentine leaves the cast at the end of this series (15 July). After the start of the third series (11 November), Spike Milligan, the principal writer, suffers a nervous breakdown and is absent from performing and writing credits from the episodes commencing 9 December into 1953.

### February

* 6 February – Following the death of King George VI, discovered at 7.30am, the BBC broadcasts the news (read by John Snagge) at 11.15am; the news is repeated seven times, every 15 minutes, and then the BBC goes silent for five hours.

### March to July

* No events.

### August

* 26 August – Hit radio series Welsh Rarebit, broadcast from the BBC Cardiff studios, transfers to television.

### September

* 26 September – Comedy series In All Directions is first broadcast on the BBC Home Service. Unusually for this period, the script originates from improvisation between the two stars, Peter Ustinov and Peter Jones, edited by Frank Muir and Denis Norden. In the series, which continues to 1955, Jones originates his spiv character Dudley Grosvenor.

### October

* 15 October – First broadcast of a series of Sherlock Holmes, with Carleton Hobbs in the title role, which will continue intermittently until 1969.

### November

* No events.

### December

* No events.

## Programme endings

* July – Calling All Forces, on the BBC Light Programme (1950–1952)

## Continuing radio programmes
### 1930s

* In Town Tonight (1933–1960)

### 1940s

* Music While You Work (1940–1967)
* Sunday Half Hour (1940–2018)
* Desert Island Discs (1942–Present)
* Family Favourites (1945–1980)
* Down Your Way (1946–1992)
* Have A Go (1946–1967)
* Housewives' Choice (1946–1967)
* Letter from America (1946–2004)
* Woman's Hour (1946–Present)
* Twenty Questions (1947–1976)
* Any Questions? (1948–Present)
* Mrs Dale's Diary (1948–1969)
* Take It from Here (1948–1960)
* Billy Cotton Band Show (1949–1968)
* A Book at Bedtime (1949–Present)
* Ray's a Laugh (1949–1961)

### 1950s

* The Archers (1950–Present)
* Educating Archie (1950–1960)
* Listen with Mother (1950–1982)

## Births

* 4 February – Harriet Cass, radio newsreader and announcer
* 11 March – Douglas Adams, writer (The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy) (d. 2001))
* 12 March – Chris Needs, Welsh radio host (d. 2020)
* 23 May – Dillie Keane, cabaret writer-performer and broadcaster
* 11 September – Catherine Bott, soprano and music presenter
* 10 December – Clive Anderson, broadcast presenter, comedy writer and barrister
* 26 December – Jon Glover, actor

## Deaths

* 19 April – Steve Conway, singer (b. 1920)
# Hoseynabad-e Yek, Bardsir

Hoseynabad-e Yek (Persian: حسين آباد1, also Romanized as Ḩoseynābād-e Yek; also known as Ḩoseynābād) is a village in Negar Rural District, in the Central District of Bardsir County, Kerman Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 79, in 20 families.
# Zagajica

Zagajica (Serbian Cyrillic: Загајица; Hungarian: Fürjes) is a village in the Vršac municipality of the South Banat District in Vojvodina province, Serbia. It is 53.4 miles from Belgrade, at the coordinates 44.97806 N 21.22444 E. At the 2011 census its population was 492, with a Serb ethnic majority of 89.21%.

## Etymology

In Serbian, the village is known as Zagajica (Загајица), in Hungarian as Fürjes, and in Croatian as Zagajica. The nearby Zagajička Brda (Zagajica Hills) are named for it.

## Historical population

* 1961: 1,214
* 1971: 1,055
* 1981: 928
* 1991: 790
* 2002: 575
* 2011: 492
# Import Yard railway station

Import Yard railway station (Urdu: امپورٹ یارڈ ریلوے اسٹیشن) is located in Pakistan.
# Tornabarakony

Tornabarakony (Rusyn: Бараконь) is a village in Borsod-Abaúj-Zemplén county, Hungary.
# Party of Democratic Activity

The Party of Democratic Activity (Bosnian: Stranka demokratske aktivnosti or A-SDA) was a conservative political party in Bosnia and Herzegovina.

## History

The party was established in February 2008 as a breakaway from the Party of Democratic Action. Based in Cazin, its founders included town mayor Nermin Ogrešević. In the 2010 general elections, A-SDA ran only in the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina part of Bosnia. It received 1.7% of the vote, failing to win a seat in the national House of Representatives, However, it won one seat in the House of Representatives of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina with 1.9% of the vote.
In the 2014 elections the party increased its vote share to 2.25%, winning a seat in the national House of Representatives. It also won two seats in the Federal House. Its member of the country's legislature was Jasmin Emrić, who holds a seat in the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina's first division.

## Elections
### Parliamentary elections

Parliamentary Assembly of Bosnia and Herzegovina :
| Year | # | Popular vote | HoR | Seat change | HoP | Government |
| 2010 | 15th | 18,005 | 0 / 42 | | 0 / 15 | non-parliamentary |
| 2014 | 13th | 22,088 | 1 / 42 | 1 | 0 / 15 | opposition |
| 2018 | 14th | 30,519 | 1 / 42 | | 0 / 15 | opposition |
# Canton of La Conca-d'Oro

The Canton of La Conca-d'Oro (French: canton de La Conca-d'Oro; Corsican: Cantone di A Conca d'Oru; Italian: Cantone della Conca d'Oro) is a former canton of the arrondissement of Bastia, in the department of Haute-Corse, Corsica, France. It had 4,997 inhabitants (2012). It was created 18 August 1973 by the decree 73-825. It was disbanded following the French canton reorganisation which came into effect in March 2015.
The canton comprised the following communes:
* Barbaggio
* Farinole
* Oletta
* Olmeta-di-Tuda
* Patrimonio
* Poggio-d'Oletta
* Saint-Florent
* Vallecalle
# Story artist

Story artist is a credit given to additional screenwriters on animated films who do not share in the screenplay or story credit, as can be seen on Pixar and Disney animated films. This practice was started at Walt Disney Studios in the 1930s.
# MAMMA.

The Modernist Architects of Morocco Memorial Association (Arabic: ذاكرة المهندسين المعماريين الحداثيين المغاربة, French: Mémoire des architectes modernes marocains), or MAMMA., is an architectural heritage association based in Casablanca, Morocco. It's dedicated to the preservation of modernist and post-independence architectural heritage.

## Activities
### Modern Casablanca Map

In 2019, MAMMA., realized the Modern Casablanca Map project in collaboration with the Observatory Workshop (Collective Museum). The project consisted of creating a map and guidebook to Casablanca's modernist and post-independence architecture, as well as hosting guided tours and a temporary exhibition at the cupola of the Arab League Park.

### Elie Azagury

On December 20, 2019, MAMMA. sponsored an event dedicated to the architectural legacy of Elie Azagury, the first Moroccan modernist architect. This event included guided tours of the Ibrahim Roudani School and a lecture hosted by the Saudi Library.
# Jasov Cave

Jasov Cave (Slovak: Jasovská jaskyňa, and Hungarian: Jászói barlang) is a speleothem limestone cave and archaeological site in the Slovak Karst in Slovakia. It is located near the village of Jasov, around 25 km (16 mi) from Košice city. Along with a number of caves of the Slovak Karst, Jasov Cave has been induced into the UNESCO World Heritage list as a part of the Caves of Aggtelek Karst and Slovak Karst site, because of its unique diversity of speleothems and its testimony to tropical and temperate cave-forming processes. The cave is known for its pagoda-like stalagmites, sinter waterfalls, and straw stalactites.
Jasov Cave is a total of 2.8 km long, with an air temperature that ranges from 8.8 and 9.4°C. The cave provides habitat for 18 species of bats, and remains of the extinct cave bear and cave hyena have been discovered within the cave.

## History

Jasov Cave was partly opened for the public in 1846, making it the oldest publicly accessible cave in Slovakia. The lower parts of the cave were discovered in 1922 to 1924 and a concrete footpath was built and electrical lightning was installed in 1924. 852 metres (2,795 feet) out of 2,148 metres (7,047 feet) are open to the public.
Many archaeological discoveries of the Paleolithic, Neolith and the Hallstatt periods have been made in the cave.
# Harkian, Gilan

Harkian (Persian: هركيان, also Romanized as Harkīān) is a village in Rostamabad-e Shomali Rural District, in the Central District of Rudbar County, Gilan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 173, in 52 families.
# Tatev (village)

Tatev (Armenian: Տաթև) is a village and the center of the Tatev Municipality of the Syunik Province in Armenia. The village is home to the 9th-century Tatev Monastery, and hosts a station of the Wings of Tatev; the world's longest non-stop double track aerial tramway.

## Demographics
### Population

The Statistical Committee of Armenia reported its population was 892 in 2010, down from 1,042 at the 2001 census.

## Gallery

* Tatev monastery
* "Satan's bridge" in Tatev
* Thermal lake near "Satan's bridge"
* Mineral pools beneath "Satan's bridge"
* Saint Poghos-Petros Church, Tatev Monastery
* Tatevi Anapat
* Scenery around the village
* Wings of Tatev Tram
* Wings of Tatev main building
# Nizhny Karachan

Nizhny Karachan (Russian: Ни́жний Карача́н) is a rural locality (a selo) and the administrative center of Nizhnekarachansky Rural Settlement, Gribanovsky District, Voronezh Oblast, Russia. The population was 728 as of 2010. There are 47 streets.

## Geography

Nizhny Karachan is located 23 km southwest of Gribanovsky (the district's administrative centre) by road. Sredny Karachan is the nearest rural locality.
# Mohamed Taieb Naciri

Mohamed Taieb Naciri (Arabic: محمد الطيب الناصري ; 1939 – 29 May 2012) was a Moroccan lawyer and politician who held the position of Minister of Justice between 2010 and 2012 in the cabinet of Abbas El Fassi. Naciri worked as the attorney of the Moroccan royal family during much of his career.
He died of a heart attack on 29 May 2012 whilst attending an official meeting in Rabat.
# Voysil Peak

Voysil Peak (Bulgarian: връх Войсил, romanized: vrah Voysil, IPA:) is the peak rising to 2743 m in Maglenik Heights, north-central Sentinel Range in Ellsworth Mountains, Antarctica. It is surmounting Kopsis Glacier tributaries to the north and east, and upper Ellen Glacier to the southwest.
The peak is named after the settlement of Voysil in Southern Bulgaria.

## Location

Voysil Peak is located at 78°07′39″S 85°35′39″W﻿ / ﻿78.12750°S 85.59417°W﻿ / -78.12750; -85.59417, which is 7.1 km east of Mount Press, 5.6 km south-southeast of Bezden Peak, 9.76 km west-southwest of Zimornitsa Peak and 4.07 km northwest of Mount Gozur. US mapping in 1961, updated in 1988.

## Maps

* Vinson Massif. Scale 1:250 000 topographic map. Reston, Virginia: US Geological Survey, 1988.
* Antarctic Digital Database (ADD). Scale 1:250000 topographic map of Antarctica. Scientific Committee on Antarctic Research (SCAR). Since 1993, regularly updated.
# Vladyslav Leonidov

Vladyslav Leonidov (Ukrainian: Владислав Валерійович Леонідов; born 11 February 1990) is a Ukrainian former professional football goalkeeper.
Leonidov is product of youth team systems of FC Metalist. He spent three months on loan in the Ukrainian Second League's club FC Podillya Khmelnytskyi.

## International career

He was called up to Ukraine national under-21 football team for the Euro 2013 qualification game against Slovenia on 6 September 2011.
# University of Loralai

University of Loralai (Urdu: یونیورسٹی آف لورالائی) is in Loralai, Pakistan. The university started its academic activities in 2012.

## History

The university was established in 2009 as a sub-campus of the University of Balochistan (UOB) Quetta. For this purpose, 500 acres of land at Zarr Karerz was provided by the Provincial Government which allocated 12 km from Loralai City at Quetta Road. The tentative proposal of the university was approved in the ECNEC meeting held in May 2011, allocation of Rs. 1518.751 million allocated by the HEC as per PC-1.
It was initially run under UoB administration for almost four years.
Later on, it was declared a full-fledged university with the promulgation of the University of Loralai Act No.VI of 2012, passed by the Provincial Assembly of Balochistan on 24 September 2012 and assented to by Governor, Balochistan on 27 September 2012.
Prof. Dr. Abdullah Khan Kakar was appointed as first Vice Chancellor of the university on 19 December 2014.

## Programs and departments

* BS(CS) Computer Science Dept. 4 years (8 semesters)
* MCS Computer Science Dept. 2 years (4 semesters)
* BBA Management Science Dept. 4 years (8 semesters)
* BBS Management Science Dept. 2 years (4 semesters)
* B.Com. Commerce Dept. 2 years (4 semesters)
* M.Com. Commerce Dept. 2 years (4 semesters)
* B.Ed. Education Dept. 4 years (8 semesters)
* B.Ed. Education Dept. 2.5 years (5 semesters)
* B.Ed. Education Dept. 2 years (4 semesters)
* B.Ed. Education Dept. 1.5 years (3 semesters)
* M.Ed. Education Dept. 1 year (annual system)
* BS Mathematics Dept. 4 year
* BS English department. 4 year
* B.Ed English department 2.5 year
* BS pashtoo department 4 years
* B.Ed pashtoo department 2.5 year
# Rob Novak

Rob Novak (born March 20, 1986) is a runner who specialized in the 800 meters. He represented the United States at the 2008 NACAC U23 Championships, where he placed first overall in the men's 800 meters. He ran at the 2012 US Olympic Trials.

## Running career
### High school

Novak attended Bordentown Regional High School, graduating in 2005. In his freshman year, he ran 4:52 in a 1600-meter trial in his gym class. He had a background in American football, in which he played for Bordentown as wide receiver. At one point before high school he was diagnosed with asthma.

### Collegiate

Novak attended Seton Hall University with a track scholarship. There he would be coached by John Marshall, who was also an 800-meter runner at Plainfield High School in the 1980s and would go on to compete at the 1984 Summer Olympics. While at college, he was called up by the US national team to compete at the 2008 NACAC U23 Championships in Toluca, Mexico, where he would go on to win the men's 800 meters.

### Post-collegiate

After his spell at Seton Hall, Novak trained and competed with New York Athletic Club. He ran sat the 2012 US Olympic Trials and made it to the semi-final round of the men's 800 meters, where he placed 13th of 16 competitors.
# Joaquim Veríssimo Serrão

Joaquim Veríssimo Serrão (8 July 1925 – 31 July 2020) was a Portuguese historian. Serrão was a Professor Emeritus of the Faculty of Letters of Lisbon University, was dean of the University of Lisbon from 1973 to 1974, and president of the Portuguese Academy of History between 1975 and 2006. He received the Príncipe de Asturias Prize for Social Science in 1995.
Serrão was born in Tremês, Portugal on 8 July 1925. From 1977, he published a history of Portugal from the remote origins of the country until the period of the Estado Novo. This work initially concerned the history of Portugal until the end of the First Republic in 1926, and was completed in 1990 in twelve volumes. However, from 1997, the work was continued from the period of the Estado Novo and was completed with nineteen volumes, ending with the present day.
He died in Tremês on 31 July 2020, at the age of 95.
# Uncommon Sense

"Uncommon Sense" is a 1945 science fiction short story by American writer Hal Clement. In 1996, it was retrospectively awarded the 1946 Hugo Award for Best Short Story.

## Publication history

"Uncommon Sense" was first published in the September 1945 edition of Astounding Science Fiction and included in Clement's 1969 collection Small Changes. Subsequently, it was published in Nebula Awards Showcase 2000. The story was the first of Hal Clement's "Laird Cunningham" series, followed by "The Logical Life" in 1974, "Stuck With It" in 1976 and "Status Symbol" in 1987. In February 2000, all four stories were re-published in The Essential Hal Clement, Volume 2: Music of Many Spheres.

## Plot

Laird Cunningham is a rich man who enjoys travelling to distant worlds in search of bizarre life forms. On the trip told in this story, Cunningham overhears the plotting of his two assistants to loot the ship. To avoid this, he forces a crash landing on an unnamed planet, sabotages the ship and escapes, leaving his assistants in the ship.
Cunningham goes exploring and finds that the planet is very strange and orbits one of the fiercest suns in the galaxy (Deneb). The planet itself is quite similar to Earth's Moon, being airless and of a similar size, but due to the daily heating by its sun, the terrain is very different and appears strangely windswept. Cunningham also investigates the local life forms which include plants, herbivores, and carnivores. He dissects a few of the animals and finds that they have liquid metal for blood and that their eyes are more like noses, in that their eyes function as pinhole cameras with respect to the local gas molecules, which in the near vacuum travel in essentially straight lines like light rays. Cunningham realises that the animals navigate mostly by smell, since the extremely bright, undiffused sunlight would hamper an optical sense.
Taking refuge in a cave, Cunningham watches his ship and his assistants as they attempt to repair it, welding up cracks in the ship's hull. However, they only work during the day and return to the inside of the ship at night. By night, Cunningham kills animals and collects their blood in grooves in the cave floor. The blood freezes in the cold of the night and he attaches the resulting small bars of metal to the remaining cracks in his ship's hull. The next morning, his assistants emerge to continue welding, which melts the bars of blood. The smell attracts many local predators, and Cunningham makes his way onto the ship in the commotion. Although the assistants easily fight off the alien animals, Cunningham locks them in the airlock as they attempt to return to the ship. He then sends out a distress call and sits back, as rescue will arrive in several hours.

## Reception

The SF Site described "Uncommon Sense" as a classic hard science fiction work, in which the story is predicated "on the protagonist's ability to solve a scientific puzzle in the context of the conditions of an alien world."
# Domenico Chirieleison

Domenico Chirieleison (Asti, 26 December 1888 – Rome, 1972) was an Italian general during World War II.

## Biography

He was born in Asti on December 26, 1888, from a family hailing from Messina. He enlisted in the Royal Italian Army in 1905, and attended the Royal Military Academy of Artillery and Engineers in Turin, graduating on 19 September 1909 with the rank of artillery second lieutenant, assigned to the 27th Field Artillery Regiment. He participated in the First World War with the 3rd Field Artillery Regiment, rising in rank from lieutenant to major, and being awarded a Bronze Medal of Military Valor and a War Merit Cross.
He was promoted to lieutenant colonel and then colonel on 1 November 1934, receiving command of the 9th Artillery Regiment "Brennero" and then, from 1 October 1937, becoming Chief of Staff of the Turin Army Corps. Having become a brigadier general in June 1939, he was attached to the Naples Army Corps from August to October 1939; after the outbreak of World War II he served at the headquarters of the 10th Army in Libya, as deputy chief of staff, participating in the campaign that resulted in the destruction of the Army in February 1941. On 1 January 1942 he was promoted to the rank of major general.
On 1 November 1941 he was appointed commander of the 4th Infantry Division Livorno, replacing General Benvenuto Gioda. In 1942 the division was transferred from Piedmont to central Italy, where it underwent intensive training as one of the units chosen for the planned landing in Malta; it was later transferred to Sicily, where it was considered to be the best Italian unit at the time of the Allied landings in July 1943. The Division participated in the battle of Gela, launching heavy counterattacks against US troops on 11 July 1943, the day after the landings, being repelled with the help of naval gunfire. In the subsequent bitter fighting over 7,000 of the 11,000 men who made up the division were killed or wounded; in August 1943 the remnants of the Division were withdrawn to mainland Italy and sent to Cuneo for reorganization. For his role in the Sicilian campaign he was awarded a Silver Medal of Military Valor and the Officer's Cross of the Military Order of Italy.
At the time of the Armistice of Cassibile Chirieleison was in Rome; he joined the Italian Social Republic, and from January 1944 he was appointed Commissioner for the central administration of the open city of Rome. From 31 December 1943 he also assumed the post of Secretary General of the National Republican Army, replacing General Emilio Canevari. At the same time, he actively collaborated with the National Liberation Committee and with the Allies; after the liberation of Rome (June 1944) he returned to the ranks of the Royal Italian Army.
As commander of the open city of Rome in 1943–1944, in 1948 he was heard as a witness in the trial of Herbert Kappler.
He died in Rome in 1972.
# Young Republic League

The Young Republic League (French: Ligue de la jeune république, LJR) was a French political party created in 1912 by Marc Sangnier. It was a continuation of Le Sillon, Sangnier's Christian social movement which Pope Pius X (1835–1914) had intervened to close in 1910. The LJR supported personalist socialism on the model of Emmanuel Mounier's theory of personalism.
The Abbé Pierre was a member of the party for a short time after leaving the MRP. Members of the LJR later joined the Union of the Socialist Left, the first movement that included both Marxists and Social Christians.