OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Turkish Five

The Turkish Five (Turkish: Türk Beşleri) is a name used by some authors to identify five pioneers of Western classical music in Turkey. They were all born in the first decade of the 20th century, within about three-and-a-half years of each other, and composed their best music in the early years of the Republic of Turkey, especially during the presidencies of Mustafa Kemal Atatürk and İsmet İnönü. They all shared contacts with the two presidents and were highly encouraged as such, both on a personal level and also through the general drive towards westernization in Turkey.
The Turkish Five composers are:
* Ahmet Adnan Saygun (1907-1991)
* Ulvi Cemal Erkin (1906-1972)
* Cemal Reşit Rey (1904-1985)
* Hasan Ferit Alnar (1906-1978)
* Necil Kazım Akses (1908-1999)
These composers set out the direction of classic music in the newly established Turkish Republic. The use of Turkish folk music and traditional/modal elements in an entirely western symphonic style characterised the music of these composers.
# Babi Island (Flores)

Babi Island (Indonesian: Pulau Babi, literally Pig Island) is an island located off the coast of Flores, East Nusa Tenggara.

## Layout

Babi is a roughly circular island less than 2.4 kilometres (1.5 mi) in diameter located 5 kilometres (3.1 mi) to the north of Flores. Its maximum height above sea level is 351 metres (1,152 ft). Its north end is bordered by a wide coral reef and faces the Flores Sea. Further south there is a small tidal flat where two villages were built, the majority-Christian Pagaraman to the east and majority-Muslim Kampungbaru to the west. At the southern end of the island, the barrier reef tapers. It is administratively part of Sikka Regency, East Nusa Tenggara.

## History

1992 Flores earthquake and tsunami
On 12 December 1992, an earthquake occurred near Flores at 05:29 UTC. Within three minutes, at least one tsunami approached Babi Island from the direction of the earthquake's epicenter to the north, while a second may have hit the southwest side of the island after refracting around the southern side. The tsunami waves reached a height of 7.2 metres (24 ft); this was "unexpectedly large". Between 263 and 700 of the island's 1,093 inhabitants were killed and both villages were completely destroyed.

## Diving

Babi is home to many diving sites. One, called The Crack, was formed during the 1992 earthquake. Located in a reef 20 metres (66 ft) below the water, the 70-centimetre (28 in) crack reaches a length of 30 metres (98 ft). Numerous forms of aquatic life, including eagle rays, hammerhead sharks, and spider crabs can be found there. This spot also becomes one of the favorite place for travelers spend their time on snorkeling and diving.

## Footnotes

* Islands portal
* 1 2 Choi et al. 2007, p. 618.
* ↑ USC, Flores Indonesia.
* 1 2 Dudley & Lee 1998, p. 258.
* ↑ NTT Government, List of Islands.
* 1 2 USGS, Significant Earthquakes.
* 1 2 3 Bryant 2001, p. 158-160.
* ↑ Choi et al. 2007, p. 628.
* ↑ Zubi, Dive sites.
# Abul Hasnat Zulqarnain

Abul Hasnat Muhammad Zulqarnain (Urdu: ابُو الحسنات محمد ذُوالقرنین), is a Pakistani jurist who is a District and Sessions Judge in the service of Islamabad Judicial Service.

## Career

Prior to his appointment as a judge in the District and Sessions Court, Zulqarnain served as a judge in an Anti-Terrorism Court.
In December 2022, he was appointed to a three-year deputation by the Lahore High Court (LHC), during which his services were placed at the disposal of the Islamabad High Court (IHC). He succeeded Yar Mohammad Gondal as the special judge of the banking court in Islamabad.
Zulqarnain is facing allegations of misconduct, which may result in his repatriation to his parent department, the Lahore High Court (LHC). The Islamabad High Court (IHC) initiated this process following a contentious judicial decision and observations, wherein he granted an adjournment to a defendant in a bail petition, leading to discrepancies in the case proceedings.

## Cases

He presided over the cypher case involving former Prime Minister of Pakistan Imran Khan and former Foreign Minister of Pakistan Shah Mehmood Qureshi at Adiala Jail. On January 30, 2024, he sentenced both individuals to ten years in prison. In June 2024, his decision was dismissed by the Islamabad High Court.
# Amos Kollek

Amos Kollek (Hebrew: עמוס קולק; born September 15, 1947) is an Israeli film director, writer and actor.

## Biography

Amos Kollek was born in Jerusalem. He is the son of Teddy Kollek, the long-time mayor of Jerusalem. Kollek studied psychology and philosophy at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem. He became interested in film after working as a writer. He produced his first film, Goodbye, New York, in 1985. His film Fast Food Fast Women was entered into the 2000 Cannes Film Festival.

## Filmography

| Year | Title | Role | Notes |
| 1979 | Al Tishali Im Ani Ohev | Assaf | |
| 1985 | Goodbye, New York | David | Director |
| 1986 | Forever, Lulu (a.k.a. Crazy Streets) | Larry | Director |
| 1989 | High Stakes (a.k.a. Melanie Rose) | | Director |
| 1992 | Lahav Hatzui (a.k.a. Double Edge) (a.k.a. Three Weeks in Jerusalem) | David | Director |
| 1993 | Five Girls (a.k.a. Five Lesbian Girls) | | Director |
| 1994 | Whore II (a.k.a. Bad Girls) | Jack | Director |
| 1995 | Teddy Kollek (a.k.a. Teddy Kollek, from Vienna to Jerusalem) | | Director, Documentary |
| 1997 | Sue (a.k.a. Sue lost in Manhattan) | | Director |
| 1998 | Fiona | | Director |
| 2000 | Fast Food Fast Women | | Director |
| 2001 | Queenie in Love | | Director |
| 2001 | A Bitter Glory | | Director, TV Movie documentary |
| 2001 | Beirut | | |
| 2002 | Bridget | | Director |
| 2002 | Angela | | Short |
| 2003 | Music | | Short |
| 2003 | Happy End | | |
| 2008 | Restless | | Director |
| 2008 | LL | | Director |
| 2012 | The Sumo Wrestler | Jack | Director |

## Books (incomplete)

* Don't Ask Me If I Love (1971)
* After They Hang Him (1977)
* Tishali Im Ani Ohev [script for Barbara Noble Tishali Im Ani Ohev ("Worlds Apart") movie] (1980)
* Ha-Tapuah, ha-shir, veha-zahav (1980)
* Ein Leben für Jerusalem (1992)
* Approximately Clint Eastwood (1995)
* Es geschah in Gaza (1996)
# Siskel/Jacobs Productions

Siskel/Jacobs Productions is a Chicago, Illinois-based documentary and film-production company.

## History

Siskel/Jacobs Productions was founded in 2005 by filmmakers Jon Siskel and Greg Jacobs. Siskel is the nephew of film critic Gene Siskel.

## Works

The company produced the History Channel special 102 Minutes That Changed America, which premiered on September 11, 2008 and became the second-most watched program in the network's history. The company has also produced a special for Discovery Channel and an episode for the National Geographic Channel's Naked Science series. In 2008, SJP is worked on its first feature documentary, Louder Than a Bomb, which follows four Chicago-area high school poetry teams as they compete in the world's largest youth slam.
# Osman Gürbüz

Osman Gürbüz (born 1962 in Kemah, Erzincan) is a Turkish criminal. He was detained in the frame of the Ergenekon investigation for some unsolved murders.
Gürbüz used to be a member of the nationalist Kuvvayi Milliye Derneği (National Forces Society). Its founder, Fikri Karadağ (also under custody), allegedly expelled Gürbüz from the organization. Gürbüz is also alleged to be affiliated with other illegal organizations.
Gürbüz killed his brother in 1990, wounded his ex-wife and her sibling in 1991, sprayed an Ankara night club with bullets in 1994, and killed a policeman also that year. He was apprehended in 1997, but released in 2000 under an amnesty law (Turkish: Şartlı Salıverme Yasası).
Gürbüz is allegedly connected to the following incidents:
* Gazi incident (1995). A cafe frequented by Alevis was gunned down, sparking the 1995 Gazi Quarter riots.
* Disappearance of HADEP deputies Serdar Tanış and Ebubekir Deniz in Silopi (2000). Ergenekon suspect brigadier general Levent Ersöz is also named in connection to this crime (for threatening the victims). Gürbüz allegedly worked with Ersöz in the Gendarmerie (Turkey)'s then-illegal counter-terrorism wing, JITEM.
* Death of Kemalist academic Necip Hablemitoğlu (2002). Gürbüz was allegedly offered the job of after convict Osman Yıldırım turned it down, however Gürbüz denies this.
Prime Minister Mesut Yılmaz said that Gürbüz was connected to the Interior Minister, Mehmet Ağar, but Ağar denies this.
# Orange-Caritat Air Base

Air Base 115 Orange-Caritat (French: Base aérienne 115 Orange-Caritat "Capitaine de Seyne" or BA 115, ICAO: LFMO) is a French Air and Space Force (Armée de l'air et de l'espace) base in Vaucluse, France. It is equipped with one runway and was named after Maurice de Seynes, a French-Soviet aircraft pilot. It is located 5 kilometres (3 mi) east of Orange, a commune in the Vaucluse department of the Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur region in France.
It hosts:
* Escadron de Chasse 2/5 Île-de-France - Dassault Mirage 2000B
* Escadron d'Hélicoptères 1/65 Alpilles - Eurocopter Fennec
* Centre d'Instruction des Equipages d'Hélicoptères 341 Colonel Alexis Santini - Fennec
* a permanent Dépôt atelier munitions spécialisées detachment; this is a headquarters unit responsible for all special ammunition storage in France.
* escadron de défense sol-air 10.950 the base air defense unit.
* etablissement logistique du commissariat de l’air de Portes-les –valence, a logistic unit.
* a guard detachment Fusiliers Commandos de l'Air responsible for ground defense and base security.
# Pier Leoni

Pier Leoni (or Pierleone) (Latin:Petrus Leo or Petrus filius Leonis) (died 2 June 1128) was the son of the Jewish convert Leo de Benedicto and founder of the great and important medieval Roman family of the Pierleoni. He was called the Jewish Crassus by Gregorovius.
Pierleone himself was a consul of the eternal city in the early twelfth century. He was one of the regents of the city itself when Pope Paschal II left in 1108 to deal with raising troops. "Rome remained the pit of daily rebellion," as Gregorovius says.
In 1111, Pierleone negotiated the imperial coronation of the Emperor Henry V.
Ever a faithful ally of the pope, in 1117, he retook Rome for him, but was subsequently holed up in his tower by Ptolemy I of Tusculum.
After the election of Bishop John of Gaeta as Gelasius II on 24 January 1118, the new pope was thrown into prison by Cencio II Frangipane. It was Pierleone, with his son Peter, Peter the prefect of the city, and the papal gonfalonier Stephen the Norman, who restored the pope's freedom.
Pierleone held the Theatre of Marcellus, Tiber Island, and the Castel Sant'Angelo, fortress of the popes. He was the greatest man in Rome in his time, the grandson of a Jew of Trastevere. His large marble sarcophagus is preserved in the Basilica of Saint Paul Outside the Walls. Its inscription reads, "a man without an equal, immeasurably rich in money and children." Of these children, he left several sons: Leo, Peter (later Antipope Anacletus II), Jordan (later Patrician of the Commune of Rome), Roger, and Huguizon. It is said that his daughter married Roger I of Sicily.

## Sources

* Gregorovius, Ferdinand. Rome in the Middle Ages Vol. IV. trans. Annie Hamilton. 1905.
* This Italian biographical article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
# Jamal Ehsani

Jamal Ehsani (Urdu: جمال احسانی) (April 21, 1951 – February 10, 1998) was a Pakistani poet noted for his work in the ghazal genre and was a favourite poet in the student's circle of Urdu literature. He has written three poetry books. After his death, his complete poetry work was published as Kulliyaat-e-Jamal.

## Early years

Jamal was born in Sargodha, Pakistan. He received his primary education there, and moved to Karachi at a very young age. He continued his study in Karachi and worked in different fields. He died on February 10, 1998, in Karachi.

## Literary career

Jamal's two poetry books were published in his life, and one after his death by support of Dr. Fatima Hasan.

### Kulliyaat-e-Jamal

Kulliyaat-e-Jamal is a collection of complete poetry work by Jamal Ehsani, which includes his three poetry books, Sitara-e-Safar, Raat Ke Jaagey Huay and Taare Ko Mehtab Kia. The work was published posthumously, in 2008.
It was regarded as a best work of Urdu poetry by many Urdu poets, writers and critics. The poetry is sharp and influential as,
# Guiana Rally

The Guiana Rally (French: Guyane rassemblement, GR) is a political party in the French overseas région of French Guiana, in South America.

## History

Guiana Rally was founded in 2010 as the political association and electoral list Guiana 73 (named after Article 73 of the Constitution of France) by Rodolphe Alexandre, after he was expelled from the Guianese Socialist Party (PSG) on 16 January 2008 for presenting a list against the incumbent PSG mayor of Cayenne. He had also voted for Nicolas Sarkozy in the first round of the 2007 French presidential election, despite the PSG having supported the candidacy of Ségolène Royal, and the PSG later supported the re-election of Cayenne mayor Jean-Claude Lafontaine as opposed to then-deputy mayor Alexandre, who had also announced he would run for the position. He won the 3 September 2008 municipal election and became mayor, then won the 2010 regional elections with the support of the Liaison Committee for the Presidential Majority and became president of the Regional Council, and then won the 2015 elections for the Guianese Assembly.

## Electoral results
### Regional elections

| Year | Round | Votes | % of votes | Seats |
| 2010 | 1 | 12,202 | 40.61 | 21/31 |
| 2010 | 2 | 19,152 | 56.11 | 21/31 |
| 2015 | 1 | 15,298 | 42.34 | 35/51 |
| 2015 | 2 | 21,163 | 54.55 | 35/51 |
| 2021 | 1 | 15,017 | 43.72 | 20/55 |
| 2021 | 2 | 20,876 | 45.17 | 20/55 |
# Pronomeuta

Pronomeuta is a genus of Burnet Moths in the moth family Zygaenidae. There are at least two described species in Pronomeuta.

## Species

These two species belong to the genus Pronomeuta:
* Pronomeuta lemniscata Meyrick, 1922 (Indonesia)
* Pronomeuta sarcopis Meyrick, 1905 (Sri Lanka)
# Sulphuric Acid (novel)

Sulphuric Acid (French: Acide sulfurique) is a Belgian novel by Amélie Nothomb. It was first published in 2005. It details the thoughts and pursuits of the people involved in a reality show recreating a concentration camp.
The book provoked strong reactions, both for and against. Nothomb was subsequently invited to explain herself on a TV show hosted by her friend Frédéric Beigbeder.

## Plot

For a TV reality show called Concentration, prisoner-participants are chosen at random from the population and abducted in raids. The living conditions in the camp are deplorable: the prisoners are ill-nourished, insulted, and beaten by the guards (called "Kapos"). Each day, two prisoners are chosen and killed on-camera. Zdeno, one of the guards, falls in love with Pannonique, the heroine of the book and a prisoner known in the camp by her identity number CKZ 114. Zdeno wants to know Pannonique's real name and she's ready to do anything to find out, going as far as killing prisoners who are close to Pannonique. The media expresses shock, thereby inciting more and more people to watch the series. Concentration reaches a frenzy of scandal when the producers give the public the right to decide which prisoners will be killed in public. The TV audience votes en masse, and more and more people take up watching.
# Tovbolat Kurchaloevsky

Tovbolat Kurchaloevsky (Russian: Товболат Курчалоевский) also known as Tovbolat-Hajji (Chechen: Сулим кӀант Товболт-Хьаж, romanized: Sulim k'ant Tovbolt-H'äzh; c. 1830s – 1898) was a Chechen outlaw (abrek) and military figure who participated in the Caucasian War.

## Biography

Born into Chechen family of the Kurchaloy [ru] clan (teip) in Kurchaloy around the 1830s, Tovbolat was the descendant of Bersa Sheikh. His father Sulim was a participant of the Caucasian War on the side of Imam Shamil and took an active part in the founding of Kurchaloy. He died in battle with the Russian forces. Tovbolat was engaged in farming in his farm before leaving for abrechestvo, at the same time he drove herds of horses to the high-mountain Georgian village Shatili, he was the first Kurchaloevtsy who used this route through the mountain passes, through which later there were regular trade campaigns. In Shatili he established friendly relations with the Khevsurs. Soon he himself began breeding thoroughbred horses for sale in Georgia. He became a murid of the Chechen Sufi Bamat-Girey-Hajji Mitaev of Avtura.
Because of the imperial policy of military and economic blockade, Chechens began to assemble mounted detachments to raid Cossack villages, one of which included Tovbolat. The raid was the main test of Tovbolat's personal merits. Successful raids over the Terek affected his popularity among the people. During the Conquest of the Caucasus by the Russian Empire, the Russians called abreks any unfriendly highlanders who, alone or in small groups, waged partisan warfare against the conquerors. Historian Sh. A. Gapurov notes:
   Apart from raids for the sake of booty, there were also those in which the highlanders regarded any action on the Russian side either as revenge for their kin killed during punitive campaigns of Cossacks and tsarist troops on the highland lands, or as a struggle for freedom.
In one of the Zaterechny raids he was seriously wounded and lost an arm in a skirmish with the Cossacks. He managed to escape from pursuit with a severed hand, which he preserved in melted wax to be buried with him after his death.
In his old age he made Hajj to Mecca on horseback. He died in 1898 and was buried in the cemetery in Kurchaloy.

## Family

In Shatili he was friends with a Khevsur named Shota, after whom Tovbolat named his son. Son Shota married a avturinka, their descendants under the surname Shataevs live in the town of Kurchaloy. Grandson is a public figure Magomed Shataev.

## Memory

The Tovbolat Ridge (Chechen: ТӀоболт дукъ, romanized: T'obolt duqh) is located in the vicinity of the town of Kurchaloy. A place where horses were kept, a tract in the south. Its name is also attributed to Tovbolat.
# Moeen Nizami

Moeen Nizami (Urdu: معین نظامی, born Ghulam Moeen Ud Din on 1 February 1965) is a Pakistani Urdu poet, literary and religious scholar specialized in Persian language and tasawwuf, and Allama Muhammad Iqbal studies. 'Moeen' is his pen name, (in Urdu takhalus). He is a professor of Persian language and literature, Chairman Department of Persian, Head Hujveri Tasawwuf chair, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan. Nizami has authored over 50 Persian and Urdu (literary and research) books and more than 60 papers published in local and foreign journals. Two of his books were published in Tehran, Iran. He achieved two awards of best manuscript research by the Iran Ministry of Culture and Islamic Guidance in 2006 and 2007. Tasawwuf Classical and modern Persian, Urdu and Punjabi literature, Islamic Arts and literary translations are his special fields of interest.

## Early life

Nizami was born in Sargodha, Pakistan to a Sufi family of Chishti Order. He learned basic Arabic and Persian language from his grandfather Ghulam Sadeed Ud Din. He matriculated in 1981 and received Intermediate with the Faculty of Arts diploma from BISE Sargodha in 1983. The same year he enrolled at the University of the Punjab Lahore where he obtained his Bachelor of Arts in Persian, Islamic Studies and Arabic in 1985. In 1986–87, he received his Masters of Arts degree from the same institute and had the first place in Punjab University, Lahore. During his study, he began to write poetry in Urdu and Persian.

## Academic career

Nizami, after completing his Master of Arts degree in 1986–87, began his career as a reader of Persian and Urdu at Cultural Conciliate, Iran Embassy, Islamabad and shortly afterwards was selected as a lecturer of Persian language and Literature at University of the Punjab Lahore, where he had also been a student in the past. He started working as a professor of Persian and Urdu and as Director Gurmani Centre For Languages and Literature at Lahore University of Management Sciences. He has participated in more than 35 national and international conferences. Moeen Nizami is also an active member of the advisory board of BUNYAD - A JOURNAL OF URDU STUDIES, LAHORE UNIVERSITY OF MANAGEMENT SCIENCES - LAHORE. Nizami was appointed as the Principal of Oriental college, university of the Punjab on 5 April 2021.

## Selected publications

He has authored more than 50 books based on literature and poetry (Ghazal, Nazm). His poetry books include Neend Se Bojhal Aankhen, Istekhara, Talismaat, Tajseem etc. A book written by him named Moeen Farsi, is taught as an allied subject at Bachelor level in Pakistan.
Poetry books in Urdu and Persian include:
* Matrook
* Istekhara
* Talismaat
* Iqbaal Shanasi Vol. 1,2,3
* Moeen al Tareeqat
* Tajseem
* Neend Se Bojhal Aankhen
* Jhalak
* Dewan-e-Saeed Khan Multani Qasaid, Ghazalyat-o-Maqattat
* Saraye Maula, translation of sayings of Shaykh Abu Al Hasan Kharkani
# Shehr-e-Malal

Shehr-e-Malal (Urdu: شہر ملال, lit. 'City of Regret') is a 2020 Pakistani family drama television series, premiered on Express Entertainment on 13 February 2020. Produced by Zeeshan Khan under TNI Productions, it stars Maria Wasti, Shahood Alvi, Hajra Yamin and Ali Abbas in lead roles. This serial was shot approximately in 2018 but release was delayed and later telecasted after two years.

## Plot

Tabinda (Maria Wasti) and Umer Hasan (Shahood Alvi) once were in a relationship are now heading their own families. As a result of misunderstandings, they broke off and part ways in the past. Tabinda married a rich business man and is now taking care of her husband's business as he’s disabled, whereas Umer married the daughter of a business tycoon. The story takes a new turn when both meet after several years. Tabinda goes to Umer’s house and asked for his daughter Rameen (Hajra Yamin)'s proposal for Shazir (Ali Abbas). Shazir is Tabinda's step-son and both Shazir & Rameen are in love with each other. Umer eventually denied the proposal. Broken heart Rameen tries to attempt suicide. Tabinda spread the suicidal act of Rameen to defame Umer which got attention of media. Umer helpless before Rameen, begs Tabinda to accept his daughter. This time, Tabinda agrees for the proposal and plans to take revenge from Umer’s daughter. Tabinda created misunderstandings between Shazir and Rameen after marriage, but eventually she created problem for herself that result in her own family's loss.

## Cast

* Maria Wasti as Tabinda
* Hajra Yamin as Rameen
* Ali Abbas as Shazir
* Shahood Alvi as Umer; Rameen's father
* Rabya Kulsoom as Maria; Rameen's sister
* Zainab Qayyum as Rameen's mother
* Humaira Zaheer as Minal's aunt
* Afshan Qureshi as Tabinda's mother
* Raeed Muhammad Alam as Kamran
* Ayub Khoso
* Srha Asghar as Minal
* Fauzia Mushtaq
* Imran Raza
# Zolotoy Klyuch

Zolotoy Klyuch (Russian: Золотой Ключ) is a rural locality (a settlement) in Pribaykalsky District, Republic of Buryatia, Russia. The population was 95 as of 2010. There are 3 streets.

## Geography

Zolotoy Klyuch is located by the Turka River, 157 km northeast of Turuntayevo (the district's administrative centre) by road. Turka is the nearest rural locality.
# I Am Self Sufficient

I Am Self Sufficient (Italian: Io sono un autarchico) is a 1976 Italian comedy film directed by and starring Nanni Moretti.

## Cast

* Nanni Moretti as Michele Apicella
* Simona Frosi as Simona
* Fabio Traversa as Fabio
* Luciano Agati as Giuseppe
* Franco Moretti as the buddhist
# Balakhani, Republic of Dagestan

Balakhani (Russian: Балахани; Avar: Балахьуни) is a rural locality (a selo) and the administrative center of Balakhansky Selsoviet, Untsukulsky District, Republic of Dagestan, Russia. Population: 2,164 (2010 Census); 1,555 (2002 Census); 1,134 (1989 Soviet census). There are 11 streets.

## Geography

Balakhani is located 28 km south of Shamilkala (the district's administrative centre) by road. Irganay is the nearest rural locality.