OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Gundoald (name)

Gundoald, Gundowald, Gundovald, Gondovald, or Gombald (French: Gombaud, Latin: Gunbaldus or Gomboldus) is a Germanic given name that may refer to:
* Gundovald, an Austrasian duke (Greg. of Tours, Hist., 4:47, 5:1)
* Gundovald, a count of Meaux (Greg. of Tours, Hist., 8:18)
* Gundoald, Merovingian usurper of the kingdom of Aquitaine in either 584 or 585
* Gundoald, Duke of Asti (c.565–616), Bavarian nobleman of the Agilolfing family
* Gundoald, Bishop of Meaux (died between 625 and 637)
* Gombald, Archbishop of Bordeaux (died after 998)
# Ankara Castle

Ankara Castle (Turkish: Ankara Kalesi) is a historic fortification in the city of Ankara, Turkey, constructed in or after the 7th century. The earliest fortification on the site was constructed in the 8th century BC by the Phrygians and rebuilt in 278 BC by the Galatians. The castle was rebuilt or renovated under the Roman, Byzantine, Seljuk, and Ottoman Empires.

## History and architecture

The castle is composed of an inner line of walls with closely spaced towers that encloses an area of about 350 m by 150 m, and an outer line of walls with towers some 40 m apart. Both sets of walls were constructed using large quantities of reused masonry. The exact dates of their construction are uncertain, but both postdate the capture and destruction of Ankara by the Persians in, probably, 622 AD (Foss considers that the inner walls may date from the reign of Constans II; the outer walls are generally believed to have been erected slightly later.).
* Aerial view of Kale (Altındağ) and the Citadel
* The clock tower and the main gate
* Dungeon Tower
* Ankara Castle Eastern Castle
* Ak Kale
* Sultan Alaeddin Mosque
* View of the Castle from the Hacı Bayram Mosque Park
# Rally for the People of Burundi

The Rally for the People of Burundi (French: Rassemblement du peuple Burundais) is a political party in Burundi. It was headed by Ernest Kabushemeye, until his assassination in 1995, since when Balthazar Bigirimana has been party leader.

## History

The RPB was registered on 12 August 1992. It supported victorious candidate Melchior Ndadaye of the Front for Democracy in Burundi in the 1993 presidential elections. In the 1993 parliamentary elections it received 1.7% of the vote, failing to win a seat.
# Democratic People's Party (Mauritania)

The Democratic People's Party (French: Parti du Peuple Démocratique, PPD) is a minor political party in Mauritania.

## History

The party won one seat in the 2013 parliamentary elections. It failed to win a seat in the 2018 elections and did not contest the 2023 elections.
# Khvoshaku

Khvoshaku (Persian: خوشاكو, also Romanized as Khvoshākū; also known as Khvoshālū) is a village in Dasht Rural District, Silvaneh District, Urmia County, West Azerbaijan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 476, in 78 families.
# Ziverbey Villa

The Ziverbey Villa (Turkish: Ziverbey Köşkü) is a villa in Erenköy, Istanbul which was used as an interrogation center after the 1971 coup d'état. It was used by the Special Warfare Department and others associated with the Counter-Guerrilla. Those detained were mostly associated with the left; the 12 March 1971 coup was alleged to be a counter-coup against a planned 9 March communist coup.

## History
### 1971 military memorandum

The mastermind behind Ziverbey interrogations was brigadier general Memduh Ünlütürk, working under lieutenant General Turgut Sunalp, who was reporting to the Commander of First Army, General Faik Türün. The latter two generals were Korean War veterans who had served in the Operations Department (Turkish: Harekât Dairesi). The interrogation techniques they used in Ziverbey were inspired by what they had seen done to Korean and Chinese POWs during the Korean War. Prisoners were bound and blinded.
   Our interrogation technique was "special". Our men were special... An incorrigible communist alleged that she was raped with a truncheon. Pardon my saying so, but would our 20-21 year old stout boys need a truncheon? It defies all logic. As far as I know, the prisoners were merely slapped around.
Intellectuals such as İlhan Selçuk (allegedly linked with the 9 March coup plans) and Uğur Mumcu were tortured there. Several Ziverbey victims confirmed that the interrogators introduced themselves as "Counter-Guerrillas", above the law, and entitled to kill. Under duress to write an apologetic statement, Selçuk famously revealed his plight using a modified acrostic which decrypted to "I am under torture". The key letter was the first of the penultimate word of each sentence in his statement.
Another prisoner, outspoken liberal Murat Belge, says that he was tortured there by Veli Küçük, who later founded JITEM and Hezbollah (Turkey) to counter the Kurdistan Workers' Party. Küçük says he could not be responsible since he was stationed in Şırnak and has been charged with colluding with another Ziverbey victim, İlhan Selçuk (see Ergenekon).
The activist film director Yılmaz Güney was also present. A friend of his in the MİT had tried to prevent him from being captured by telling his superiors that Güney was also a spy, but the ruse failed. A MİT officer who was present, Mehmet Eymür, said Güney was treated well in return for his co-operation.
General Yamak denied that the Special Warfare Department (ÖHD) was involved, and dismissed any notion of a "counter-guerrilla".
Ziverbey is notable for:
* being the first time the term "Counter-Guerrilla" was mentioned to anyone who was not already a member.
* revealing the fact that the counter-guerrilla co-operated with the MİT.

### Demolition

Ziverbey Villa was demolished in the 1990s.

## Monument to the Victims of Torture

In 2013, a monument titled "Monument to the Victims of Torture" was erected in front of the Ziverbey Villa.

## Books

* Ziverbey Köşkü, İlhan Selçuk, Çağdaş Yayınları, 1997
# Hawkesbay

Hawkesbay, as it is often written in Pakistan, is Hawke's Bay and may refer to:
* Hawke's Bay, a bay on the Arabian Sea, west of Karachi, south of Kiamari Town
* Hawke's Bay Beach, a beach in Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan
* Hawke's Bay Town, a new neighborhood being developed in Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan
# Maloustyinskoye

Maloustyinskoye (Russian: Малоустьикинское; Bashkir: Кесе Ыҡтамаҡ, Kese Iqtamaq) is a rural locality (a selo) and the administrative centre of Maloustyinsky Selsoviet, Mechetlinsky District, Bashkortostan, Russia. The population was 166 as of 2010. There are 9 streets.

## Geography

Maloustyinskoye is located 7 km northeast of Bolsheustyikinskoye (the district's administrative centre) by road. Nizhneye Bobino is the nearest rural locality.
# Nizhneye Kerchevo

Nizhneye Kerchevo (Russian: Нижнее Керчево) is a rural locality (a village) in Cherdynsky District, Perm Krai, Russia. The population was 99 as of 2010. There are 5 streets.

## Geography

Nizhneye Kerchevo is located 94 km southwest of Cherdyn (the district's administrative centre) by road. Kerchevsky is the nearest rural locality.
# Random42

Random42 is a British medical animation studio based in central London. It was founded in 1992 by Hugo Paice, focusing primarily on creating animations for the pharmaceutical industry. This has now diversified to a variety of other digital services, including virtual reality, interactive apps, interactive touchscreens, augmented reality as well as booth installations.
In 2018, Random42 was listed as one of the fastest-growing companies in the UK pharmaceutical industry, with its inclusion on Alantra's Pharma Fast 50 list.
The UK Department of International Trade recognizes Random42, who have represented the UK at events all over the world, as one of the leading innovative creative companies in the country.

## Clients

Random42 works with pharmaceutical and biotech companies. This includes all of the top 25 pharmaceutical companies as well as new and emerging biotechs. In addition to their core pharma work, they have developed content for consumer health, medical devices, animal health and diagnostics tests, animal health, as well as collaboration with the film industry to develop various documentaries that can be seen in IMAX theatres and streaming services such as Netflix.
Their work has been used for the following purposes:
* Promotional content for shows and congresses
* Investor relations
* Content for the sales force
* Medical education
* Internal communication
# Capitol Shopping Center

Capitol Shopping Centre (Turkish: Capitol Alışveriş Merkezi), opened in 1993 in Altunizade neighbourhood of Üsküdar, is the first modern big shopping mall on the Asian part of Istanbul, Turkey.
Built on 6 floors and covering an area of 73,000 m$^2$, the shopping complex houses 157 retail stores, a department store and an MMM Migros supermarket, 8 movie theaters, fast food restaurants, cafeterias, bowling alley and entertainment center. It houses also Capitol Radio, a private radio station broadcasting from the complex. It has an open air and covered parking lot. Several cafes are located in the area around a huge central spring fountain.
Capitol Shopping Centre also has a movie theatre which has 14 different parts. It is one of the biggest and most modern movie theatres in Istanbul.
# Lesnaya Polyana

Lesnaya Polyana (Russian: Лесна́я Поля́на) is an urban locality (an urban-type settlement) in Yaroslavsky District of Yaroslavl Oblast, Russia. Population: 2,974 (2010 Census); 3,158 (2002 Census); 3,312 (1989 Soviet census).
# Introbio

Introbio (Valsassinese Lombard: Intröbi) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Lecco in the Italian region Lombardy, located about 60 kilometres (37 mi) northeast of Milan and about 14 kilometres (9 mi) northeast of Lecco in the Valsassina.
# Kodjoviakopé

Kodjoviakope is a neighborhood of Lomé is on the western side of the city, bounded by the Route Circulaire and the Togo-Ghana border. It is known as one of the city's opposition strongholds. Landmarks in the neighborhood include the Lycée Francais de Lomé, the American International School, the Peace Corps office and Philipats, a popular restaurant.
* This Togo location article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
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# Madeji Road railway station

Madeji Road railway station (Sindhi: مديجي روڊ ريلوي اسٽيشن, Urdu: مدیجی روڈ ریلوے اسٹیشن) is located in Madeji, Pakistan.
# Chidarzai railway station

Chidarzai railway station (Urdu: چیدارزئی ریلوے اسٹیشن) is located in Pakistan.
# Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Nanchang

The Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Nanchang (Latin: Nanciamen(sis), Chinese: 南昌) is an archdiocese based in the city of Nanchang in China.

## History

* 1696: Established as Apostolic Vicariate of Kiangsi from the Apostolic Vicariate of Chekiang and Kiangsi
* 1838: Suppressed to the Apostolic Vicariate of Chekiang and Kiangsi
* 1846: Restored as Apostolic Vicariate of Kiangsi from the Apostolic Vicariate of Chekiang and Kiangsi
* August 19, 1879: Renamed as Apostolic Vicariate of Northern Kiangsi
* August 25, 1920: Renamed as Apostolic Vicariate of Jiujiang
* December 3, 1924: Renamed as Apostolic Vicariate of Nanchang
* April 11, 1946: Promoted as Metropolitan Archdiocese of Nanchang

## Leadership

* Archbishops of Nanchang 南昌 (Roman rite)
** Archbishop John Wu Shi-zhen (1991–2014)
** Archbishop Joseph Zhou Ji-shi, C.M. (周濟世) (July 18, 1946 – 1972)
* Vicars Apostolic of Nanchang 南昌 (Roman Rite)
** Bishop Paul-Marie Dumond, C.M. (July 3, 1931 – February 19, 1944)
** Bishop Louis-Élisée Fatiguet, C.M. (February 24, 1911 – February 13, 1931)
* Vicars Apostolic of Northern Kiangsi 江西北境 (Roman Rite)
** Bishop Paul-Léon Ferrant, C.M. (September 24, 1905 – November 5, 1910)
** Bishop Géraud Bray, C.M. (August 19, 1879 – September 24, 1905)
* Vicars Apostolic of Kiangsi 江西 (Roman Rite)
** Bishop Géraud Bray, C.M. (March 15, 1870 – August 19, 1879)
** Bishop François-Xavier Danicourt, C.M. (顧方濟) (1854 – February 2, 1860)
** Bishop Louis-Gabriel Delaplace, C.M. (田嘉璧 / 田類斯) (February 27, 1852 – June 12, 1854)
** Bishop Bernard-Vincent Laribe, C.M. (March 26, 1846 – July 20, 1850)

## Suffragan dioceses

* Ganzhou 贛州
* Ji’an 吉安
* Nancheng 南城
* Yujiang 餘江

## Sources

* GCatholic.org
* Catholic Hierarchy
28°40′18″N 115°53′47″E﻿ / ﻿28.6718°N 115.8964°E﻿ / 28.6718; 115.8964
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# Nehalim

Nehalim (Hebrew: נְחָלִים, lit. Streams) is a religious moshav in central Israel. Located south of Petah Tikva, it falls under the jurisdiction of Hevel Modi'in Regional Council. In 2022 it had a population of 1,825.

## History

The Nehalim community was formed in 1938 by a core group of young, religious Bnei Akiva members from Jerusalem. They began agricultural training in Menahemia in the Jordan Valley. In 1944 they moved to a tract of swampy, malaria-infested land, about a kilometre south east of the site of the present kibbutz HaGoshrim, and lived in barracks without electricity or running water. Inspiration for the name Nehalim came from the network of brooks and streams in the area. After the 1948 Arab–Israeli War, the residents were moved to the abandoned German Templer village of Wilhelma. The new moshav, in its present location south of Petah Tikva, was founded in 1953, with each family receiving a two-room house and 25 dunams of land.

## Synagogues

Nehalim has one main synagogue, established by Jews of Ashkenazi background. In 2012, the moshav's growing Mizrahi population wanted to build a second synagogue to reflect its own religious heritage but the chief rabbi of the moshav, David Greenwald, vetoed it.

## Education

Nehalim also has a religious boys high school. The school was one of the first Bnei Akiva high schools in Israel, and was established in 1955 by Yosef Ba-Gad.
# Quinto Romano

Quinto Romano (Milanese: Quint) is a district (quartiere) of Milan, Italy, part of the Zone 7 administrative division of the city. Before being annexed to Milan, it was an autonomous comune (until 1869) and a frazione of Trenno (from 1869 to 1923).
Quinto Romano was a rural district until the 1960s; the land was then partitioned into 8-9 cascine (farms). In the following decades, as most of the Milanese rural outskirts, Quinto experienced a quick urbanization process as a consequence of the economic boom of northern Italy and immigration from the south, which caused a quick expansion of Milan and other industrial cities. As is the case with other outskirts that have experienced this rapid development in those decades, Quinto gained the reputation of a socially and economically degraded district.
Quinto houses "Aquatica", the most important waterpark in Milan.
45°28′31″N 9°05′22″E﻿ / ﻿45.47528°N 9.08944°E﻿ / 45.47528; 9.08944
* This article on a location in the Province of Milan is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
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# Zvi Bar

Zvi Bar (Hebrew: צבי בר; born October 8, 1935, in Kfar Yona) is a retired Israeli military officer, police official, and politician. After serving in a variety of military and police command positions, Bar served as the fourth mayor of the Israeli city of Ramat Gan between 1989 and 2013.

## Biography

Bar was born in Kfar Yona during the Mandate era to parents of Kurdish Jewish origin. His father changed the family name from Barazani to Bar at the recommendation of David Ben-Gurion. Bar studied at the Tcherniovsky high school in Netanya. In 1954, Bar joined the Israel Defense Forces as a combat soldier in the Givati Brigade, and became an officer. Following the Suez Crisis, he joined the Paratroopers Brigade. After Yoav Shaham, the commander of Battalion 202 of the Paratroopers Brigade was killed in action during the Samu Incident in 1966, Bar was appointed to replace him.
Bar fought as the commander of Paratrooper Battalion 202 during the Six-Day War, participating in combat operations in Gaza City. In 1968, he participated in the Battle of Karameh. He later served as the deputy commander of the 275th brigade and as commander of the ID school of officer training. In October 1973, one day before the Yom Kippur War broke out, he was appointed commander of the 820th Brigade, which was positioned on the Golan Heights, and commanded that brigade through the war. He later testified before the Agranat Commission, an Israeli government investigation of failures that occurred during that war. He was then transferred to the Armored Corps and commanded the 166th Brigade, which was based in northern Israel.
Bar attended staff college in Israel and France, and completed a BA in political science from Bar-Ilan University in 1976. After completing his degree, he joined the Israel Police, and was appointed deputy commander of the Border Police. In January 1977, he was promoted to the rank of Major. In 1983 he was appointed head of the police operations department and served in this position until 1985.

### Political career

Bar was elected mayor of Ramat Gan in 1989. He came to the Israeli public's attention, and garnered approval and support, because of his leadership and morale-building when Ramat Gan was subjected to Iraqi Scud missiles during the Desert Storm operation. Bar was re-elected as in four consecutive elections – in 1993, 1998, 2003, and 2008. His fourth term ended in 2013.

## Corruption case

In 2004, Bar was questioned by police on allegations that he and mayor of neighboring Tel Aviv Ron Huldai engaged in corruption. In April 2011 the Ministry of Justice decided to indict Bar, along with five other real estate developers, for bribery and money laundering. In June 2015, Bar was sentenced to 5.5 years in prison. After an appeal of the verdict, his sentence was reduced to three years by the Israeli Supreme Court. Bar began serving his sentence at Maasiyahu Prison on February 1, 2017. President Reuven Rivlin subsequently commuted it to 15 months. In November 2017 he was released on parole after having served 10 months of his sentence.

## Personal life

Zvi Bar is married to Riva, with whom he has three children.
# Torra d'Omigna

The Tower of Omigna (Corsican: torra d'Omigna, French: tour d'Omigna) is a ruined Genoese tower located in the commune of Cargèse on the French island of Corsica.
The tower was built between 1605 and 1606 under the direction of Giacomo della Piana. It was one of a series of coastal defences built by the Republic of Genoa between 1530 and 1620 to stem the attacks by Barbary pirates. In 1991 it was listed as one of the official Historical Monuments of France.
Since 1977 the tower has been owned by a French government agency, the Conservatoire du littoral. The agency has announced that it plans to purchase 212 hectares (520 acres) of the headland and as of 2011 had acquired 121 hectares (300 acres). The tower was restored in 2009 and visitors can climb up onto the roof terrace.
An area of 255 hectares (630 acres) that includes the headland and portions of the adjacent coastline is owned by an agency of the French state, the Conservatoire du littoral.

## The 1729 siege of the Tower of Omigna

In 1729, the Greek inhabitants of Paomia, pursued by the Corsicans of Vico and Niolo who wished to drive them from their lands, took refuge in the Tower of Omigna. Boats from Ajaccio came to recover the women and children to transport them by sea to Ajaccio, while the men resisted to the siege. Once the women and children were safe, the men left the tower, crossed the enemy lines and were able to reach Ajaccio by land.
# II-82 road (Bulgaria)

Republican Road II-82 (Bulgarian: Републикански път II-82) is a 2nd class road in Bulgaria, running through the territory of Sofia Province and Sofia City Province. Its length is 86.3 km.

## Route description

The road starts at Km 114.8 of the first class I-8 road in the center of the town of Kostenets and heads west through the southern reaches of the Kostenets–Dolna Banya Valley. It passes through the spa town of Dolna Banya and the villages of Maritsa and Raduil and ascends to the Borovets ski resort (1,335 m) in the northern slopes of the highest mountain range in the Balkans, Rila. From Borovets the II-82 descends to the Samokov Valley to the north along the river Musalenska Bistritsa, runs through the homonymous town in direction south–north and after exiting the valley enters the short Kalkovo Gorge on the river Iskar at the latter's confluence with the Palakaria. Then, for 11 km it runs parallel to the western shores of the Iskar Reservoir, the largest in Bulgaria.
Downstream from the dam, in the vicinity of the village of Dolni Pasarel, the road enters the 22 km Pancharevo Gorge between the mountain ranges of Vitosha and Plana to the west and Lozen Mountain of Sredna Gora to the east. After exiting the gorge, the II-82 runs parallel to the western shores of Lake Pancharevo, passing through the villages of Kokalyane and Pancharevo. Some 2 km north of the latter the road reaches its terminus at Km 48.6 of the Sofia Ring Road (II-18) at the Gorublyane neighbourhood of the capital Sofia.
In the center of Samokov, it intersects with the eastern terminus of the second class II-62 road Kyustendil–Dupnitsa–Samokov.
# Crab in Padang sauce

Crab in Padang sauce or Padang crab (Indonesian: Kepiting saus Padang) is an Indonesian seafood dish of crab served in hot and spicy Padang sauce. It is one of the two most popular ways that crab is served in Indonesia, commonly found in coastal cities with abundant seafood, such as Padang, Jakarta, Medan, Surabaya, Makassar and Cirebon. Its closest analogue probably is chili crab; however, Padang crab uses richer spices.

## Origin

The recipe derived from West Sumatran Padang style of seasoning seafood with rich, hot and spicy bumbu (spice mixture). The ground spice mixture includes shallot, garlic, red chili pepper, bird's eye chili, ginger, turmeric and candlenut. The most popular crab species used in this recipe is mud crab; sometimes blue crab can also be used.

## Ingredients

The crabs are boiled in hot water until medium done and cut into pieces; the hot water being used in the boiling process will be used as crab broth. The bumbu ground spices mixture includes garlic, shallot, bird's eye pepper, ginger, turmeric, candlenut and red chili pepper. The ground spice paste is stir-fried briefly in palm oil to release its aroma, together with chopped onion, salam leaf (Indonesian bay leaf) and keffir lime leaf. Then the crab pieces are mixed with stir-fried spice paste together with crab broth, scallion, tomato ketchup, chili sauce, oyster sauce, salt and pepper. Then the sauce is thickened with beaten eggs. The Padang sauce crab tastes savoury, hot and spicy. Other than crab, the identical Padang sauce is often used with other seafood, such as kerang saus Padang (clams in Padang sauce).
# Alexander Theodorowicz Batalin

Alexander Theodorowicz Batalin (Russian: Алекса́ндр Фёдорович Бата́лин; 13 August 1847 – 13 October 1896), alternatively known as Alexandr Fedorovich Batalin, was a botanist from the Russian Empire. He was the Chief Botanist and Director of the Imperial Botanical Garden in St. Petersburg.

## Legacy

The epithet batalinii is used to refer to Alexander Theodorowicz Batalin in a species name (e.g., Tulipa batalinii, Cattleya Batalinii ).
# Hamzeh Kanlu

Hamzeh Kanlu (Persian: حمزه كانلو, also Romanized as Ḩamzeh Kānlū; also known as Ḩamzeh Kānlū-ye Bālā and Ḩamzeh Kānlū-ye ‘Olyā) is a village in Dowlatkhaneh Rural District, Bajgiran District, Quchan County, Razavi Khorasan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 92, in 23 families.