OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Luciano Manara

Luciano Manara (23 March 1825 – 30 June 1849) was a Milanese soldier and politician of the Risorgimento era, who took part in the Roman Republic.

## Life

Manara was born in Milan in 1825.
A friend of Carlo Cattaneo, in 1848 he participated in the Five Days of Milan (leading, among others, the operation that led to the capture of Porta Tosa) and in the First Italian War of Independence with a group of volunteers he had organised himself. On the Austrians' return, he fled to Piedmont, where he was put at the head of a corps of bersaglieri, with whom he fought on the Po and at La Cava (now renamed Cava Manara after him).
Fighting in defence of the Roman Republic and as Garibaldi's chief of staff, he died aged only 24 at the battle at Villa Spada on 30 June. His funeral was held at the church of San Lorenzo in Lucina, with the homily spoken by Don Ugo Bassi. For a short time his body remained in Rome, since his mother was unable to gain permission from the Austrian authorities in Vienna to have it taken to Milan. With the remains of Emilio Morosini and Enrico Dandolo (the latter having been killed at Villa Corsini), it was eventually brought to Vezia (Lugano), where it was temporarily laid to rest in the family vault of the Morosini. At Manara's mother's continued prayers and supplications, in 1853 the Austrian emperor Franz Joseph granted permission for the body to be taken to Barzanò (where the Manara family had a villa), so long as its progress and reburial there was "strictly private". Only in 1864, after the Unification of Italy was the Manara family allowed to erect their family monument, in grey and white stone in the Romantic style, with a bas-relief portrayal of him beside a weeping veiled female figure (representing his mother or the Motherland). The inscription on his monument reads:
   Luciano Manara, leader of the illustrious legion of valiant men, gave his blood for the fatherland, claiming the honour of Italian arms against foreign mockery. His mother, deserving of envy and pity, places his beloved bones in this monument on which stands written a name, the boast and glory of Italy. He died fighting in Rome on 30 June 1849 with a hero's smile on his lips, an everlasting example to posterity.
The monument is surrounded by a small park of cypress trees, with a chapel along whose two sides are ten white marble tombstones of equal size commemorating Luciano's sisters, Virginia in Manati and Deidamia, his wife Carmelita Fè and his three sons.
# Bulgarian National Olympiad in Linguistics

The Bulgarian National Olympiad in Linguistics (Bulgarian:Олимпиада по математическа лингвистика) is an olympiad for school students in Bulgaria, composed of three rounds: municipal, regional and national. The olympiad's present format has been used every year since 2003.

## Tasks

The tasks used for the linguistics olympiad are generally stand-alone, i.e. for their solution, the contestant does not need to be familiar with the language on which the problem is set. Naturally, a basic knowledge in linguistics, mathematics and general knowledge is recommended.

## Format

The olympiad takes place in three rounds: municipal, regional and national. The common link between them is that each round includes an individual solution to three tasks in 4 hours. There are two age groups: 5th-7th and 8th-12th grade, as the national round is only for the older group.

### Municipal round

The municipal round of the olympiad takes place in schools and the marking is done by the local organisers. Although the National Commission released an example theme for the municipal round, this is not obligatory. Anyone who wants to can participate in the first round but only students who have received more than 75 points qualify for the next round.

### Regional round

The second round of the olympiad takes place in the regional cities at the same time, usually on a Saturday or Sunday at the end of March or the beginning of April. The participants' papers are sent to the National Commission for marking. Only students who have received more than 75 points can participate in the next round of the olympiad.

### National round

The third round takes place in a different linguistics centre each year and takes place in last two days of the last week of April or the first week in May. In addition to the individual competition, the national round also includes a team competition, which normally involved up to 3 or 4 students per team. The marking of the scripts happens on-site and the results are announced at the official ceremony, at which awards and certificates are handed out. The top scorers proceed to a follow-up competition, to be selected for the national team of Bulgaria in the International Linguistics Olympiad.
# Straticles

Stratichles (Ancient Greek: Στρατικλῆς) was an ancient Greek philosopher or historian of philosophy who wrote a work about the history of the Stoic school of thought called On Stoics. The work belongs to the same genre as the many works of the time, called Successions of Philosophers, except that it focused on the history of one school. Otherwise, little is known about his life or timing.
# Hovvdy (album)

Hovvdy is the fifth studio album by American duo Hovvdy, released on April 26, 2024, through Arts & Crafts Productions. It received acclaim from critics.

## Critical reception

Professional ratings :
| Aggregate scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Metacritic | 81/100 |
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
| Exclaim! | 8/10 |
| The Line of Best Fit | 8/10 |
| Paste | 8.3/10 |
| Pitchfork | 8.3/10 |
| Record Collector | |
| Spin | A− |
| Under the Radar | |
Hovvdy received a score of 81 out of 100 on review aggregator Metacritic based on eight critics' reviews, which the website categorised as "universal acclaim". Caleb Campbell of The Line of Best Fit wrote that the album "feels like a very intentional turning of the page" from their previous album True Love (2021), as it is "dotted with skittering drum machines, keening pedal steel, and simmering synths" and "trying to draw out moments of catharsis or festival-ready melody". Paste's Ellen Johnson felt that the duo "turn to some heavier fare" on the album, which "pack[s] as much of a punch as anything they've ever released, all while never sacrificing the earmarks of the experimental Hovvdy sound".
Reviewing the album for Spin, Margaret Farrell wrote that Hovvdy "houses their most eclectic transitions and banger-certified pop songs", calling it "a microscopic photo album of their inner values at work". Daniel Gard'ner of Under the Radar called the album "an expansion of the band's aesthetic, a broadening of scope that matches the evolving complexity of their lives" as "their hushed, intimate storytelling is given the required space to slowly unwind and cast a quiet spell". In a "Highly Recommended" review for Chorus.fm, Aaron Mook called the album a "largely subdued collection with quiet, introspective moments," concluding that "Hovvdy are talented and ambitious enough to throw everything but the kitchen sink into their songwriting process and still arrive with a statement piece that feels like their least immediate in years, but their most rewarding album to date."

## Personnel

Hovvdy
* Charlie Martin – performance, production
* Will Taylor – performance, production
Additional contributors
* Bennett Littlejohn – performance, production, mixing
* Andrew Sarlo – performance, production
* Simon Lancelot – mastering
* Andy Gross – additional engineering
* Adam Alonzo – art direction, photography
* Bradley Pinkerton – design, layout
* Taylor Clark – photography
# Swedish National Socialist Unity Party

The Swedish National Socialist Unity Party (Swedish: Svenska nationalsocialistiska samlingspartiet) was a National Socialist political party in Sweden. The party was born out of a split in the Swedish National Socialist Party in October 1933, as the Göteborg-based Party Staff (partistaben) of SNSP declared the party leader Birger Furugård expelled from the party. Furugård was however able to isolate the Party Staff faction, and retained a majority of the party membership. The Party Staff regrouped as the Swedish National Socialist Unity Party (commonly nicknamed SNSP-staben). The Party Staff group continued to publish Vår Kamp as its party organ.
In December 1933 the Skanör-Falsterbo branch of the party broke away and formed a party of its own.
In late 1933 the Swedish National Socialist Unity Party merged into the National Socialist Bloc.
# Nedožery-Brezany

Nedožery-Brezany (Hungarian: Nádasérberzseny) is a village and municipality in Prievidza District in the Trenčín Region of western Slovakia.

## History

The town was founded in 1964 following the unification of two existing municipalities Nedožery and Brezany. In historical records the village Nedožery was first mentioned in 1429. Brezany was mentioned in 1430.

## Geography

The municipality lies at an altitude of 300 metres and covers an area of 24.164 km². It has a population of about 1940 people.
# Ráckeve District

Ráckeve (Hungarian: Ráckevei járás) is a district in southern part of Pest County. Ráckeve is also the name of the town where the district seat is found. The district is located in the Central Hungary Statistical Region.

## Geography

Ráckeve District borders with Szigetszentmiklós District to the north, Dabas District to the east, Kunszentmiklós District (Bács-Kiskun County) to the south, Dunaújváros District and Martonvásár District (Fejér County) to the west. The number of the inhabited places in Ráckeve District is 11.

## Municipalities

The district has 1 town, 2 large villages and 8 villages. (ordered by population, as of 1 January 2013)
* Apaj (1,224)
* Áporka (1,121)
* Dömsöd (5,795)
* Kiskunlacháza (8,855)
* Lórév (292)
* Makád (1,192)
* Ráckeve (9,965) – district seat
* Szigetbecse (1,304)
* Szigetcsép (2,282)
* Szigetszentmárton (2,133)
* Szigetújfalu (1,957)
The bolded municipality is city, italics municipalities are large villages.

## Demographics

Religion in Ráckeve District (2011 census)
In 2011, it had a population of 35,732 and the population density was 86/km².
| Year | County population | Change |
| 2011 | 35,732 | n/a |

### Ethnicity

Besides the Hungarian majority, the main minorities are the German (approx. 1,250), Roma (800), Serb (300) and Romanian (100).
Total population (2011 census): 35,732 Ethnic groups (2011 census): Identified themselves: 33,858 persons:
* Hungarians: 30,997 (91.55%)
* Germans: 1,236 (3.65%)
* Gypsies: 775 (2.29%)
* Others and indefinable: 850 (2.51%)
Approx. 2,000 persons in Ráckeve District did not declare their ethnic group at the 2011 census.

### Religion

Religious adherence in the county according to 2011 census:
* Catholic – 13,063 (Roman Catholic – 12,868; Greek Catholic – 195);
* Reformed – 8,123;
* Orthodox – 254;
* Evangelical – 150;
* other religions – 473;
* Non-religious – 4,199;
* Atheism – 318;
* Undeclared – 9,152.

## Gallery

* Savoy Castle in Ráckeve
* Serbian Church of Our Lady in Ráckeve
* Landscape in Szigetcsép
* Zichy Memorial Chapel near Lórév
# 2024 Seoul Open Challenger – Doubles

Max Purcell and Yasutaka Uchiyama were the defending champions but chose not to defend their title.
Saketh Myneni and Ramkumar Ramanathan won the title after defeating Vasil Kirkov and Bart Stevens 6–4, 4–6, [10–3] in the final.

## Seeds

* Evan King / Reese Stalder (first round)
* Cristian Rodríguez / Matthew Romios (first round)
* Anirudh Chandrasekar / Niki Kaliyanda Poonacha (quarterfinals)
* David Stevenson / Marcus Willis (quarterfinals)

## Draw
### Key

* Q = Qualifier
* WC = Wild card
* LL = Lucky loser
* Alt = Alternate
* SE = Special exempt
* PR = Protected ranking
* ITF = ITF entry
* JE = Junior exempt
* w/o = Walkover
* r = Retired
* d = Defaulted
* SR = Special ranking

### Draw

| First round | First round | First round | First round | First round | Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Final | Final | Final | Final | Final |
| 1 | E King R Stalder | 6 | 3 | [3] | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Y-s Chung Y-h Hsu | 1 | 6 | [10] | | Y-s Chung Y-h Hsu | 3 | 6 | [4] | | | | | | | | | | |
| | N Moreno de Alboran R Statham | 6 | 7 | | | N Moreno de Alboran R Statham | 6 | 4 | [10] | | | | | | | | | | |
| PR | P Isaro D Sharan | 3 | 5 | | | | | | | | N Moreno de Alboran R Statham | 7$^7$ | 3 | [7] | | | | | |
| 4 | D Stevenson M Willis | 2 | 7$^7$ | [10] | | | | | | | V Kirkov B Stevens | 6$^5$ | 6 | [10] | | | | | |
| WC | Shin San-hui Sim Sung-been | 6 | 6$^4$ | [8] | 4 | D Stevenson M Willis | 4 | 2 | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | V Kirkov B Stevens | 7 | 7$^7$ | | | V Kirkov B Stevens | 6 | 6 | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | R Noguchi Shin Woo-bin | 5 | 6$^5$ | | | | | | | | | | | | | V Kirkov B Stevens | 4 | 6 | [3] |
| | J-s Nam J Paris | 6 | 6 | | | | | | | | | | | | PR | S Myneni R Ramanathan | 6 | 4 | [10] |
| | R Ho C-h Tseng | 4 | 3 | | | J-s Nam J Paris | 6 | 6 | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | A Escoffier B Paire | 3 | 5 | | 3 | A Chandrasekar N Kaliyanda Poonacha | 1 | 3 | | | | | | | | | | | |
| 3 | A Chandrasekar N Kaliyanda Poonacha | 6 | 7 | | | | | | | | J-s Nam J Paris | 6$^7$ | 4 | | | | | | |
| WC | Jeong Yeong-seok U-s Park | 6 | 6 | | | | | | | PR | S Myneni R Ramanathan | 7$^9$ | 6 | | | | | | |
| | T Matsui K Uesugi | 3 | 3 | | WC | Y-s Jeong U-s Park | 3 | 1 | | | | | | | | | | | |
| PR | S Myneni R Ramanathan | 7$^7$ | 6 | | PR | S Myneni R Ramanathan | 6 | 6 | | | | | | | | | | | |
| 2 | C Rodríguez MC Romios | 6$^5$ | 4 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
# Olena Parkhomchuk

Olena Parkhomchuk (Ukrainian: Пархомчук Олена Станіславівна, also written as Yelena Parkhomchuk or Elena Parkhomchuk) is a Ukrainian political scientist. She is a professor in the Department of International Relations and Foreign Policy within the Institute of International Relations at the Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv. Olena Parkhomchuk studies foreign policy and the historical development of international systems, process of disarmament and conversion. She is a laureate of the State Prize of Ukraine in Science and Technology.

## Career

Olena Parkhomchuk attended the Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, graduating in 1988 from the Faculty of Romano-Germanic studies. She continued to study there as a graduate student, graduating with a PhD from the Faculty of International Relations and Foreign Policy in 1992. In 2006, she defended a doctoral dissertation in political sciences. Olena Parkhomchuk then became a professor at the Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv. In 2001, she spent a semester conducting research at The University of Hull.
In 2001,Olena Parkhomchuk was a coauthor on the textbook International relations and foreign policy 1980-2000. She was also the author of the 2007 book Systems of international relations.
Together with Olena Koppel, another Taras Shevchenko professor of International Relations and Foreign Policy, Olena Parkhomchuk wrote the 1999 textbook International relations of the twentieth century. This text covers the creation of the Versailles-Washington System of international relations, its collapse after World War II, and international relations during and after The Cold War. Olena Parkhomchuk also coauthored the 2010 textbook International relations and world politics.
For her contributions to the 2008 textbook series World politics and global development, Olena Parkhomchuk was named a 2012 laureate of the State Prize of Ukraine in the Field of Science and Technology.

## Selected works

* International relations and foreign policy 1980-2000, coauthor (2001)
* Systems of international relations' (2007)
* International relations of the twentieth century, with Olena Koppel (2009)
* International relations and world politics (2010)

## Selected awards

* State Prize of Ukraine in the Field of Science and Technology (uk) (2012)
# Economists Bloc

The Economists Bloc (Arabic: كتلة الاقتصاديون) is a liberal political party in Bahrain which was represented by three MPs in the 2002-2006 parliament, but lost all its seats in the 2006 general election.
The party was the most consistent advocate of human rights, democratisation and free market economics in parliament. Because the main challenge to liberal values comes from Islamists, the party often found itself in a de facto alliance with the former communists of the Democratic Bloc (another party that lost all its seats in 2006's election).
While generally supportive of the government, it has not been uncritically so. The party campaigned for compensation for those that suffered past human rights abuses, with the party's President Jassim Abdula'al MP forwarding a motion to parliamentary speaker, Khalifa Al Dhahrani. Mr Abdula'al said that the national interest required closing the human rights file for good, between the leadership, the government and those affected.
Another prominent member is lawyer Fareed Ghazi MP, who is also an activist with the Al Muntada liberal think tank. Fareed Ghazi has urged liberals against imposing their will on a conservative public, adding that it was not the right approach politically and morally. "We should find a common ground with the conservative element rather than just sit on a high horse and tell them that our way is the right way," he said.
# Beth El Synagogue, Christchurch

The Beth El Synagogue was a former Jewish congregation and synagogue, that was located at 78 Gloucester Street, in Christchurch, New Zealand. The first structure, a wooden synagogue, was completed in 1864. It was replaced by a stone building in 1881. The synagogue was demolished in 1987.

## History
### First synagogue

A meeting of Jewish residents on 10 January 1864 held at the offices of Louis Edward Nathan, and chaired by Nathan, decided to form a congregation and to erect a synagogue. NZ£300 towards the cost of the building were subscribed during the meeting. By mid-year, the site at 78 Gloucester Street had been purchased. The architect, Benjamin Mountfort, called for tenders by 15 June 1864. It took until mid-August for the congregation to take possession of the land. Tenders for the fitout were called by Mountfort a week later. The congregation first used the building on 1 October 1864 to coincide with Rosh Hashanah, the Jewish New Year, for the year 5265. The building had cost NZ£500 but was not fully furnished; chairs were used for some time but seats had been installed before the end of 1864. By March 1865, the congregation had collected NZ£706 in donations.
At the annual general meeting in September 1876, the issue of possibly building a new synagogue was formally discussed. It was decided to task a committee with progressing the issue. By February 1878, fundraising started to be organised. At a general meeting in May 1880, there was disquiet that the building proposal and fundraising effort had been allowed to linger. In November 1880, the architect Thomas Stoddart Lambert called for tenders for a new synagogue. The work was awarded to William Prudhoe. In mid-December, it was announced that an adjoining piece of land had been bought fronting onto Cambridge Terrace. The existing synagogue was to be relocated to this land so that worship won't get interrupted, a new synagogue built on the existing land, and once that was finished, the first synagogue was to be converted to a school.

### Second synagogue

The foundation stone for the new synagogue was laid on 8 February 1881. Six weeks later, The Star reported on good building progress and the reporter remarked that "already some idea can be formed of the striking character of its architecture." In early April, the Lyttelton Times reported that the facade was nearly finished. In early April, the masonry was nearly finished. In July, the architect invited tenders for the interior fitout and furniture. By the end of July, The Star reported on the interior fitout progress and that the building would be finished within a few more weeks. The consecration took place on 3 November 1881 in front of a large crowd; the event was by invitation only. The consecration was carried out by Rev Isaac Zachariah with the Wellington rabbi, Herman van Staveren, as assistant, in the presence of the bishops of Wellington and Nelson, Octavius Hadfield and Andrew Suter.
# TuS Dassendorf

TuS Dassendorf is a German association football club from the municipality of Dassendorf, Schleswig-Holstein. The club's greatest success has been promotion to the tier five Oberliga Hamburg in 2013 and winning the league in each of its first five seasons there.
It has also qualified for the first round of the DFB-Pokal, the German Cup, on two occasions, courtesy of a Hamburger Pokal win.

## History

The club was formed in June 1948 in Brunstorf, a village near Dassendorf and carried the name TuS Brunsdorf-Dassendorf from 1949 to 1958 when it adopted its current name. After almost 40 years in local Mateus football the club began its rise in the mid-1990s when local entrepreneur Günter Wunder began investing in the team, allowing for semi-professional structures. When Wunder withdrew his support again in 2001 the club entered an era of decline.
TuS Dassendorf won promotion to the Verbandsliga Hamburg in 1997 through a championship in the Landesliga Hamburg-Hansa and came third in its first season there. It won the Verbandsliga in 1999 and earned promotion to the tier four Oberliga Hamburg/Schleswig-Holstein. The club came ninth in the league in its first season there but withdrew from the league after finishing fourteenth the following year. The club won the Hamburger Pokal in 2000 and thereby qualified for the first round of the 2000–01 DFB-Pokal where it lost 5–0 to SpVgg Unterhaching in the first round.
Upon return to the Verbandsliga the club competed as a lower table side and was relegated from the league in 2004. It competed in the Landesliga Hamburg-Hansa for the next nine seasons, generally as a mid-table side. In 2012–13 a second place in the Landesliga and success in the promotion round finally took the club back up to the highest league in Hamburg which now had become the Oberliga Hamburg.
The club won the Oberliga Hamburg in 2013–14, in its first season there, but declined the option to take part in the promotion round to the Regionalliga Nord. It went on to win the league for the next four seasons but declined to take part in the promotion round.

## Honours

The club's honours:

## Recent seasons

The recent season-by-season performance of the club:
| Season | Division | Tier | Position |
| 2003–04 | Verbandsliga Hamburg | V | 13th ↓ |
| 2004–05 | Landesliga Hansa | VI | 6th |
| 2005–06 | Landesliga Hansa | VI | 7th |
| 2006–07 | Landesliga Hansa | VI | 3rd |
| 2007–08 | Landesliga Hansa | VI | 3rd |
| 2008–09 | Landesliga Hansa | VI | 8th |
| 2009–10 | Landesliga Hansa | VI | 7th |
| 2010–11 | Landesliga Hansa | VI | 5th |
| 2011–12 | Landesliga Hansa | VI | 7th |
| 2012–13 | Landesliga Hansa | VI | 2nd ↑ |
| 2013–14 | Oberliga Hamburg | V | 1st |
| 2014–15 | Oberliga Hamburg | V | 1st |
| 2015–16 | Oberliga Hamburg | V | 1st |
| 2016–17 | Oberliga Hamburg | V | 1st |
| 2017–18 | Oberliga Hamburg | V | 1st |
| 2018–19 | Oberliga Hamburg | V | 3rd |
| 2019–20 | Oberliga Hamburg | V | 1st |
| 2020–21 | Oberliga Hamburg | V | – |
| 2021–22 | Oberliga Hamburg | V | 1st |
| 2022–23 | Oberliga Hamburg | V | 2nd |
| 2023–24 | Oberliga Hamburg | V | 2nd |

### Key

| ↑ Promoted | ↓ Relegated |
# Yevhen Stadnyk

Yevhen Stadnyk (Ukrainian: Євге́н Ста́дник, Russian: Евге́ний Ста́дник; born April 9, 1976) is a Ukrainian curler.

## Teams and events
### Mixed doubles

| Season | Male | Female | Coach | Events |
| 2018–19 | Yevhen Stadnyk | Olena Pazderska | Dean Roth | WMDCC 2019 (45th) |

## Personal life

Yevhen Stadnyk and his mixed doubles teammate Olena Pazderska live and curl in New Jersey, United States. They are the first-ever Ukrainian national curling team and made their debut at the 2019 World Mixed Doubles Championship.