OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Guinean Portuguese

Guinean Portuguese (Portuguese: Português Guineense) is the variety of Portuguese spoken in Guinea-Bissau, where it is the official language.

## Prevalence

Guinea-Bissau is unique among the African member states of the Community of Portuguese Language Countries (CPLP) in that it is both highly diverse linguistically, like Angola and Mozambique, and it is also a creole society, like Cape Verde and São Tomé e Príncipe.
Rather than Portuguese, it is Guinea-Bissau Creole which serves as the lingua franca and the vehicle of national identity spoken as both a first and second language. Guinea-Bissau Creole is the dominant language of trade, informal literature and entertainment; Standard Portuguese is the official language of the country, which is exclusively used in news media, parliament, public services and educational programming. Thus Portuguese, for those who speak it, is often a third language. Also, code switching occurs between the Creole and standard Portuguese and/or native African languages in informal speech. The native Portuguese speakers in Guinea-Bissau are mostly white Guineans. The reduction of native Portuguese speakers is caused by leave of most white Guineans to Portugal or Brazil and by civil war that affected education. The majority of the approximately 15% of Guineans who speak Portuguese are concentrated in an area of the capital city, Bissau, known as 'a Praça'. The variety of Guinea Bissau Creole spoken in the capital, Kriol di Bissau, is known for being more Lusitanized, borrowing words more freely from Portuguese.
The standard phonology is European Portuguese. But for second- and third-language speakers, it is affected by phonologies of native languages and resembles Indian Portuguese.

## History

Portuguese was used as a communication between Portuguese settlers and different black tribes (most are Fulas, Mandingos, Manjacos, and Balante) before the nation became a permanent Portuguese overseas territory. The number of Portuguese speakers was large during Portuguese rule, although mestiços and most blacks speak a Portuguese Creole called Guinea-Bissau Creole, which is a more widely spoken lingua franca of the nation. After independence, when most Portuguese left, Portuguese speakers were reduced to less than 10% because of civil war that affected education, although it remained the official language of the country.

## Language Planning

When the CPLP was founded in 1996, it helped Guinea-Bissau in education aside from peace talks there. Many Portuguese, Brazilian, and PALOP (mostly Angolan) teachers entered to increase Portuguese fluency among Bissau-Guineans. In 2005, in order to increase Portuguese fluency, there was an agreement between Guinean officials and Instituto Camões, which already had a center in Bissau, to open centers in other towns of the country: Canchungo, Ongoré, Mansôa, Bafatá, Gabú, Buba, Catió, Bolama, Bubaque, and Quinhamel. The percentage of Portuguese speakers increased to 14%.
# 2017 Tampere Open

The 2017 Tampere Open was a professional tennis tournament played on clay courts. It was the 36th edition of the tournament which was part of the 2017 ATP Challenger Tour and the 2017 ITF Women's Circuit. It took place in Tampere, Finland, on 24–30 July 2017.

## Men's singles main draw entrants
### Seeds

| Country | Player | Rank$^1$ | Seed |
| POR | Pedro Sousa | 150 | 1 |
| AUT | Sebastian Ofner | 156 | 2 |
| ESP | Guillermo García López | 163 | 3 |
| ESP | Rubén Ramírez Hidalgo | 187 | 4 |
| BEL | Kimmer Coppejans | 190 | 5 |
| KAZ | Dmitry Popko | 200 | 6 |
| BEL | Joris De Loore | 204 | 7 |
| FRA | Calvin Hemery | 215 | 8 |
| FRA | Tristan Lamasine | 225 | 9 |
* $^1$ Rankings as of 17 July 2017.

### Other entrants

The following players received wildcards into the singles main draw:
* Vladimir Ivanov
* Patrick Kaukovalta
* Lauri Kiiski
* Fred Simonsson
The following players received entry from the qualifying draw:
* Juan Ignacio Londero
* Axel Michon
* Ben Patael
* Alexander Vasilenko
The following players received entry as lucky losers:
* Hugo Dellien
* Markus Eriksson

## Women's singles main draw entrants
### Seeds

| Country | Player | Rank$^1$ | Seed |
| BEL | Marie Benoît | 422 | 1 |
| FRA | Estelle Cascino | 481 | 2 |
| ROU | Daiana Negreanu | 532 | 3 |
| SVK | Kristína Schmiedlová | 547 | 4 |
| CZE | Monika Kilnarová | 586 | 5 |
| SRB | Bojana Marinković | 594 | 6 |
| FRA | Clothilde de Bernardi | 728 | 7 |
| FIN | Piia Suomalainen | 769 | 8 |
* $^1$ Rankings as of 17 July 2017.

### Other entrants

The following players received wildcards into the singles main draw:
* Ella Haavisto
* Ella Leivo
* Monica Malinen
* Mariella Minetti
The following players received entry from the qualifying draw:
* Monika Kilnarová
* Aleksandra Kuznetsova
* Nelly Mezan
* Gyulnara Nazarova
* Peppi Ramstedt
* Saana Saarteinen
* Kristína Schmiedlová
* Liisa Vehvilainen

## Champions
### Men's singles

* Calvin Hemery def. Pedro Sousa 6–3, 6–4.

### Women's singles

* Monika Kilnarová def. Marie Benoît, 7–6$^{(7–5)}$, 6–7$^{(5–7)}$, 6–4

### Men's doubles

* Sander Gillé / Joran Vliegen def. Lucas Gómez / Juan Ignacio Londero 6–2, 6–7$^{(5–7)}$, [10–3].

### Women's doubles

* Anna Iakovleva / Gyulnara Nazarova def. Marie Benoît / Estelle Cascino, walkover
# Arnold Franchetti

Arnold Franchetti (1911–1993) was a composer born in Lucca, Italy who later emigrated to the United States.

## Early life

As a boy, Franchetti studied composition and piano with his father, Baron Alberto Franchetti (1860–1942). Baron Franchetti was a wealthy, well-respected and successful composer of the operas often performed at La Scala including Germania (performed by Enrico Caruso, conducted by Arturo Toscanini) and Christoforo Colombo.
Arnold Franchetti studied physics at the University of Florence, music at the Salzburg Mozarteum, and then moved to Munich from 1937 to 1939, where he studied composition and orchestration with composer Richard Strauss. After a brief stint with the Italian army during World War II, Franchetti joined the anti-Mussolini underground resistance in the Italian Alps where he helped Allied airmen escape.

## In the USA

Franchetti emigrated to the US in 1947. He was befriended by Aaron Copland, who helped the young immigrant composer gain a professional footing by arranging performances of Franchetti's chamber music in Boston, New York City, Philadelphia, and Washington, D.C. Franchetti took a position at the Hartt School of Music, Hartford, Connecticut, in 1948, where he became chair of the theory and composition department, remaining there until his retirement in 1979. Franchetti's composition students have included: Barbara Kolb, Michael Schelle, Joel Pelletier, Robert Beaser, Jonathan Kramer, Martin Bresnick, film composers Jack Elliott, Ed Alton and Marcus Barone, Robert Lombardo, Henry Gwiazda, Norman Dinerstein, Gwynneth Van Anden Walker, Lee T. McQuillan and many others.
During his 45 years in the United States, Franchetti received composition honors and awards from the Guggenheim Foundation, the National Endowment for the Arts, National Institute of Arts and Letters, and many other prestigious organizations.
He died on March 7, 1993, at Middlesex Hospital in Cromwell, Connecticut.

## Compositions

In his early works, Franchetti experimented with late Romantic and neoclassical styles, but he then developed what Imanuel Willheim called "a non-serial, 12-note compositional language featuring primarily diatonic motivic material".
Franchetti composed music in all genres including orchestral, symphonic, chamber and solo music (including five piano sonatas, significant works that have been analyzed in multiple doctoral dissertations).
Franchetti composed numerous theatre works including the opera, Married Men Go to Hell (1974) and the genre-bending Dracula 1979. Another important Franchetti theatrical work is Lazarus (for narrator and symphonic wind ensemble) based on the book Soul on Ice by 1960's Black Panther activist Eldridge Cleaver.
# Geummulsan

Geummulsan (Korean: 금물산) is a mountain in South Korea. Its area extends across Hoengseong, Gangwon-do and Yangpyeong County, Gyeonggi-do. Geummulsan has an elevation of 791 m (2,595 ft).
# Reg Watson (footballer)

Reginald Herbert Watson (26 August 1900 – 1971) was an English professional footballer who played as an outside-forward in the 1920s and 1930s, spending most of his career with Oldham Athletic, before playing for Southampton and Rochdale.

## Football career

Watson was born in Thelwall, near Warrington and played for various clubs in Warrington before joining Witton Albion of the Cheshire County League. He had an unsuccessful trial with Manchester United before joining Oldham Athletic in December 1921.
Watson remained with the Boundary Park for nearly eight years, during which time he made 233 appearances in the Football League, scoring 64 goals. At the time he joined Oldham, they were a First Division club, but were relegated to the Second Division in 1923. In November 1925, he scored twice in an FA Cup first round match against Lytham; the final score was 10–1 to Oldham with the other goals coming from Horace Barnes (three), Arthur Ormston (two), Albert Pynegar (two) and Jimmy Naylor; this remains Oldham's largest victory in the FA Cup. Watson followed this up with four goals in the next round, in a 6–4 victory at Stockton.
In the summer of 1929, he was the "makeweight" in a deal with Southampton for the transfer of Billy Murphy. Watson struggled to acclimatise to life on the south coast, despite being noted as a "great trier". He made his debut for the Saints playing at outside-left in the opening match of the 1929–30 season, a 3–1 defeat at Barnsley. Watson retained his place for the next five matches, scoring three goals, including a brace against Blackpool before losing his place to Stan Cribb. Watson was only third choice on the left behind Cribb and Johnny Arnold and was in and out of the side for the remainder of the season, making a total of 14 appearances in the Second Division, scoring four goals.
In the following season, he was only able to play when Arnold was playing cricket for Hampshire, and managed only a further five appearances, with one goal. Watson was more successful in the reserves, for whom he scored 36 goals in 63 matches.
In the summer of 1931, he was transfer-listed for a fee of £200 but was eventually allowed to return to Lancashire on a free transfer when he joined Rochdale in September. He only played for Rochdale for a few months, before he retired in February 1932.
# Now Mahi

Now Mahi (Persian: نوماهي, also Romanized as Now Māhī) is a village in Kuhestan Rural District, Jazmurian District, Rudbar-e Jonubi County, Kerman Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 80, in 23 families.
# Mei Ami

Mei Ami (Hebrew: מֵי עַמִּי) is a moshav in northern Israel. Located near Wadi Ara around two kilometres south of Umm al-Fahm with an area of 3,500 dunams, it falls under the jurisdiction of Menashe Regional Council. In 2022 it had a population of 361.

## History

The village was established in 1963 as a Nahal settlement, and was civilianised in 1969, becoming a kibbutz. In 1971 it was converted to a moshav shitufi and in 2006 to a moshav ovdim. It is named after Miami, Florida, as the Jewish community in Miami, Florida helped with its establishment.
# Marcello Mastroianni: I Remember

Marcello Mastroianni: I Remember (Italian: Marcello Mastroianni: mi ricordo, sì, io mi ricordo) is a 1997 Italian documentary film about the actor Marcello Mastroianni and directed by Anna Maria Tatò. It was screened in the Un Certain Regard section at the 1997 Cannes Film Festival.

## Cast

* Marcello Mastroianni - Himself
* Renato Berta - Himself
* Manoel de Oliveira - Himself
* Diogo Dória - Himself
* Leonor Silveira - Herself

## Release

Mastroianni's estranged wife Flora Carabella as well as his former partner, Catherine Deneuve, and their daughter, Chiara Mastroianni, tried to block the film from release. They were unsuccessful and the film went on to play at the 1997 Cannes Film Festival.
# Ben Noll

Benjamin Richard Noll (born November 14, 1981) is an American former professional football guard in the National Football League (NFL) for the Dallas Cowboys, St. Louis Rams and Detroit Lions. He played college football at the University of Pennsylvania.

## Early life

Noll attended Saint Louis Priory School in St. Louis, where he played right guard. As a junior, he earned All-metro honors. As a senior, he helped his team win the state championship, while earning All-league, All-metro and All-state honors. He also practiced basketball and was a member of the school's rugby club.

## College career

Noll played football scholarship for the University of Pennsylvania while an undergraduate studying at the Wharton School of Business. As a true freshman, he appeared in 10 games as a backup. As a sophomore, he appeared in 10 games. As a junior, he started 10 games at right tackle.
As a senior, he played on an offensive line that featured five seniors (Noll, Chris Clark, Chris Kupchik, Matt Dukes and Michael Powers), helping the team achieve an undefeated season (10-0 overall). He finished his college eligibility after playing in 39 out of 40 games (20 starts).

## Professional career
### St. Louis Rams (first stint)

Noll was signed as an undrafted free agent by the St. Louis Rams after the 2004 NFL draft on June 18. He was waived on September 5.

### Dallas Cowboys

On September 6, 2004, he was claimed off waivers by the Dallas Cowboys to be the backup at right guard. He was declared inactive in 11 of the first 14 games of the season. He started in the season finale against the New York Giants, replacing Andre Gurode at right guard. He played on kickoff returns, field goal, and as a substitute guard played 413 snaps.
In 2005, he reprised the same role, after being declared inactive during the first 6 games of the season. He was released on November 30 for medical reasons.

### St. Louis Rams (second stint)

On December 2, 2005, he was claimed off waivers by the St. Louis Rams, and was declared inactive for the final 4 games. He was cut on September 1, 2006.

### Detroit Lions

On December 13, 2006, he was signed by the Detroit Lions to their practice squad. He was released on September 1, 2007 and re-signed to the practice squad. He wasn't re-signed at the end of the season.

## Personal life

After he retired, Noll moved to Nashville, where he works as a business consultant. He married on October 23, 2010. Ben's wife is an OB/GYN practicing in Nashville.
# Harab

Harab (Persian: هراب, also Romanized as Harāb) is a village in Qurigol Rural District, in the Central District of Bostanabad County, East Azerbaijan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 276, in 68 families.
# Portuguese Civil Code

The current Portuguese Civil Code (Portuguese: Código Civil) was approved on 26 November 1966 and entered into force on 1 June 1967. It replaced the previous Portuguese Civil Code of 1868.
Its text was prepared by a Commission of Professors of Law which in its final phase was presided and substantially changed by Professor Antunes Varela, which is why it is often referred to as "Varela's Civil Code" as opposed to "Seabra's Civil Code", the previous Civil Code of Portugal which preparation commission was presided over by the Viscount of Seabra and entered into force precisely one century before the new code was enacted in 1967.
However, due to Professor Vaz Serra's important contributions, the Portuguese Civil Code is often also referred to as "Vaz Serra's Civil Code", specially by authors from the Faculty of Law of the University of Lisbon.

## Structure

The Code adopted the German classification of areas of Civil Law, following the BGB, and is divided into 5 main parts (or "books"):
* the General Part (Parte Geral), Sections 1 through 396, comprising regulations that have effect on all the other four parts and on Private Law in general, such as sources of law, legal interpretation, personhood, legal capacity, emancipation of minors, declarations of will, rescission, formation of contracts, limitation periods, and agency.
* Law of Obligations (Direito das Obrigações), Sections 397 through 1250, describing contractual obligations and all other sources of civil obligations, including torts, unjust enrichment and negotiorum gestio.
* Property Law (Direito das Coisas), Sections 1251 through 1575, describing possession, ownership, other property rights (e.g. servitudes), and how those rights can be transferred.
* Family Law (Direito da Família), Sections 1576 through 2023, describing marriage, marital property schemes, legal guardianship, and other legal relationships among family members.
* Inheritance Law (Direito das Sucessões), Sections 2024 through 2334, which regulates what happens to a deceased's estate, as well as the law of wills and contracts concerning succession (pacta successoria).
The Civil Code was subjected to many revisions and changes both in Portugal as well as in some of its former overseas possessions where it still is in force, but the main structure and concepts of it remain untouched since 1867.

## The Macau Civil Code of 1999

In the former Portuguese possession of Macau, handover to China in 1999, a new Civil Code was approved in 1999. The Macau Civil Code is direct descendant of the Portuguese Code, as it follows the same structure, but with several developments, changes, simplifications and additions.
# Levon Stepanyan

Levon Stepanyan (Armenian: Լեւոն Ստեփանյան; born 22 April 1971, in Yerevan) is a retired Armenian football midfielder player and a current coach who played most of his career for Sepahan and previously played for Ararat Yerevan, Zob Ahan and captained Sepahan Novin. Stepanyan was capped for Armenia on one occasion in a 2–1 win against Macedonia on 6 September 1995 in Skopje.
# Reg Wyatt

Reginald Gordon "Reg" Wyatt (18 September 1932 – 16 November 2007) was an English footballer who played as a centre back.
He began his career with Oak Villa (now known as Vospers Oak Villa), a non-league (now the South West Peninsula League) club in Plymouth, while studying at the Astor Institute. He became a professional in 1950 when he signed for Plymouth Argyle, but had to wait five years before making his first team debut. Originally a forward, Wyatt forced his way into the team as a centre back and went on to be a regular name on the teamsheet for the next nine years. He spent three years with Torquay United between 1964 and 1967, before finishing his career in non-league football with Wadebridge Town.
# Pakurpi-ye Sofla

Pakurpi-ye Sofla (Persian: پاكورپي سفلي, also Romanized as Pāḵūrpī-ye Soflá) is a village in Hati Rural District, Hati District, Lali County, Khuzestan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 119, in 19 families.
# Master (Russian band)

Master (Russian: Мастер) is a Russian thrash metal band founded in 1987 by former members of Aria.

## History

In 1987, Alik Granovsky, Andrey Bolshakov, Kirill Pokrovsky, and Igor Molchanov left the heavy metal band Aria, due to their conflict with the producer Victor Vekshtein. Vocalist Mikhail Seryshev and guitarist Sergey Popov joined them to play live concerts. Their first self-titled release was half-completed by Aria's songs written by Granovsky and Bolshakov, but the rest of the songs were completely different in style. Master turned away from Aria's NWOBHM-like style to speed metal and thrash metal. The second album showcased this change, featuring hard aggressive riffs and fast tempos.
In 1991, Seryshev assumed the role of Jesus in the Russian version of the rock opera Jesus Christ Superstar by Andrew Lloyd Webber.
The next two albums with English lyrics continued in a traditional thrash metal style. In 1993, Andrey Bolshakov left the band. The following album Songs of the Dead turned out to have a more modern, groove metal sound, and the band returned to Russian as the language of their lyrics. Since then, Master has gone away from the thrash metal of their earlier works, and their new albums bear more heavy/power spirit.
In 1997, Seryshev dismissed the French tour. Master toured with Arthur Berkut on vocals, but after the tour Popov, Tony Shender (drums) and he left Master and started a new band called Zooom. In 2004, Alik Granovsky released a solo album, Bolshaya progulka. In 2004, Lexx participated in the metal opera Elven Manuscript by Epidemia.
In January 2008, Alexey Strike and Alexander Karpuhin left the band. Leonid Fomin, Andrey Smirnov, and Oleg Khovrin became the band's new members. The studio album VIII was released in 2010.
In 2011, Andrey Smirnov and Oleg Khovrin left the band. Alexander "Gips" took over the drums and Leo Fomin remained the only guitarist. Smirnov later played in the band Everlost, before joining former Accept singer Udo Dirkschneider's band U.D.O. in 2013.

## Discography
### Albums

* 1987 – Мастер (Master)
* 1989 – С петлёй на шее (S petlyoy na sheye — With a Lee on the Neck)
* 1992 – Talk of the Devil
* 1994 – Maniac Party
* 1996 – Песни мёртвых (Pesni myortvih – Songs of the Dead)
* 2000 – Лабиринт (Labyrinth)
* 2004 – 33 жизни (33 zhizni – 33 Lives)
* 2005 – По ту сторону сна (Po tu storonu sna — The Other Side of a Dream)
* 2010 – VIII
* 2020 – Мастер времени (The Master of Time)

### Other releases

* 1995 – Live
* 1997 – The Best. Kontsert v Moskve '97 (The Best. Concert in Moscow '97) (also released as Live 97)
* 2001 – Klassika 1987–2002 (Classics of 1987–2002)
* 2001 – Tribute to Harley-Davidson
* 2005 – Akustika (Acoustics)
* 2008 – XX let (XX Years)
# Tidar, Hajjiabad

Tidar (Persian: تي در, also Romanized as Tīdar; also known as Tūdar) is a village in Fareghan Rural District, Fareghan District, Hajjiabad County, Hormozgan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 192, in 75 families.
# Tsanev

Tsanev (Bulgarian: Цанев) is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Nikola Tsanev (1939–2004), Bulgarian footballer
* Stefan Tsanev (born 1936), Bulgarian writer, known for his essays, plays, poems, and historical novels
# Main road 3 (Hungary)

The Main road 3 (Hungarian: 3-as főút) is a west–east direction First class main road in Hungary, that connects Budapest with Tornyosnémeti (the border of Slovakia). The road is 247 kilometres (153 mi) long.
The existing route is a main road with two traffic lanes, except for introductory path of Gyöngyös, which is partially built with four traffic lanes. Most of the traffic was taken over by M3, and M30 motorway.
The road, as well as all other main roads in Hungary, is managed and maintained by Magyar Közút, state owned company.
# The Architecture of the City

The Architecture of the City (Italian: L'architettura della città) is a seminal book of urban design theory by the Italian architect Aldo Rossi published in Padova in 1966. The book marks the shift from the urban doctrines of modernism to a rediscovery of the traditional European city.

## Background

In this book, Rossi criticizes the lack of understanding of the city in current architectural practice. He argues that a city must be studied and valued as something constructed over time; of particular interest are urban artifacts that withstand the passage of time. Rossi held that the city remembers its past (our "collective memory"), and that we use that memory through monuments; that is, monuments give structure to the city. His book has been a major reference for the reconstruction of the city of Berlin after the German reunification in 1990. An English translation was published in 1982.
# Vakilabad, Rigan

Vakilabad (Persian: وكيل اباد, also Romanized as Vakīlābād) is a village in Rigan Rural District, in the Central District of Rigan County, Kerman Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 776, in 173 families.
# Yushchenko (surname)

Yushchenko (Ukrainian: Ющенко) is a Ukrainian surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Viktor Yushchenko (born 1954), third President of Ukraine (2005–2010)
* Kateryna Yushchenko (born 1961), wife of Viktor Yushchenko
* Kateryna Yushchenko (scientist) (1919–2001), Ukrainian computer scientist
* Igor Yushchenko (born 1969), Russian football coach