OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Stockton Diamond

vteStockton Diamond :
Legend :
The Stockton Diamond is a railway junction just south of downtown Stockton, California, near the intersection of Aurora Street South and East Scotts Avenue. It is the junction where the north–south running Union Pacific Fresno Subdivision line crosses the east–west BNSF Stockton Subdivision, both double-track railways. Freight trains operate through the intersection 24 hours a day; Altamont Corridor Express and Amtrak California San Joaquins passenger trains also utilize the junction. Two of the sides of the "diamond" are complete and allow interchanges between the north-east and south-west legs.

## Grade separation

By 2020 the junction was the most congested in California, with the level-crossing design contributing to delays throughout the state's rail network. As part of the Valley Rail project, the San Joaquin Regional Rail Commission (SJRRC) and the California Department of Transportation (Caltrans) will grade separate the intersection, which will add capacity for future passenger rail expansion and reduce crossing interference. The Union Pacific line will be elevated above the BNSF line; construction is scheduled to start in 2023 and planned to complete in May 2026.
The north–south flyover tracks will be constructed approximately 200 ft (61 m) to the east of the existing UP Fresno Subdivision, from the UP Stockton Yard to the at-grade crossing at Weber Avenue. Tracks will begin to rise at Lafayette Street and return to grade after Charter Way; a large retaining wall will be constructed between Charter and Church. Road traffic on Charter, Hazelton, and Scotts will be grade-separated under new rail bridges, while the existing at-grade crossings at Church and Lafayette would be closed.$^{:ES-8toES-13}$ When complete, the project also will finish all four sides of the diamond.$^{:2–21}$
# Peter Hooper (footballer)

Peter Hooper (2 February 1933 – 13 August 2011) was a professional footballer, who played for Bristol Rovers, Cardiff City and Bristol City in the Football League.
Born in Teignmouth, he was an outside left with a thunderous shot, especially from free kicks.
Although a proud Devonian, Hooper made one appearance for the Kenyan national team against Uganda in 1951 while on national service in the country.
He first caught the eye of Bristol Rovers scouts in 1953 while playing for Dawlish Town and made his Football League debut in March 1954.
Between October 1957 and August 1961 he appeared in 163 consecutive matches.
By the time he left to join Cardiff City, he had played 297 games for Rovers in the old Second Division – the equivalent of today's Championship – scoring 101 goals, thus becoming one of only six players to score more than 100 goals for the club.
After one season with Cardiff, he had a spell with Bristol City.
When his career was ended in 1966 by a bout of peritonitis he moved to North Devon where he played non-league football for Barnstaple Town.
After retiring from professional football, Hooper was landlord of The Three Pigeons in Bishops Tawton, where he lived, before spending 19 years as a probation assistant in Barnstaple.
# The Guide to Modern World Literature

The Guide to Modern World Literature is a reference book by Martin Seymour-Smith that aims to describe every important 20th-century author (as of 1985), in all languages, in an encyclopedic presentation. It was first published in 1973 with a completely revised and updated version in 1985 called The New Guide to Modern World Literature at 1,396 pages.
The book covers an estimated 2,700 authors and more than 7,500 titles. It contains a total of 33 chapters that treat all modern national literatures individually or in groups. African and Caribbean literature is treated collectively; so are the Baltic, French and Belgian, Indian and Pakistani, Jewish, Latin American, Scandinavian, and both Eastern and Western Minor Literatures. A chapter each is given to American, Arabic, Australian, British, Bulgarian, Canadian, Chinese, Czechoslovakian, Dutch, Finnish, German, Greek, Hungarian, Italian, Japanese, New Zealand, Polish, Portuguese, Romanian, Russian, South African, Spanish, Turkish, Tamil and Yugoslavian Literature.
It was perhaps Seymour-Smith's best known work. "The book was such a thorough study of 20th-century poetry, drama and fiction that some critics doubted it was the work of one person -- until they read it and found Mr. Seymour-Smith's distinctive voice and deeply felt opinions in every entry.". It was described by one reviewer as "an amazing feat of a book, about half a million words long; half the size of Proust, nearly as big as the Bible". Janet Seymour-Smith, his wife, helped in the creating of the work - "when some expressed incredulity that Martin could actually have read all the authors on whom he passed judgement in that vast but so lively volume he used, cheerfully, to confess that he hadn't. Some were undoubtedly left to Janet."
# Philippe Karsenty

Philippe Karsenty (born 25 June 1966) is a French politician and founder of Media-Ratings, a company monitoring the French media for bias. Karsenty came to public attention when he was sued for libel by the public French television network, France 2, over accusations of staged footage by France 2 over the killing of a 12-year-old Palestinian boy, Muhammad al-Durrah. The libel suit lasted a decade, with the ultimate verdict being against Karsenty and requiring him to pay damages to France 2.

## Early life

Karsenty was born in Issy-les-Moulineaux to a Jewish family. When he was in his 20s, he set up a share-trading company on the Paris Bourse, and continued to work as a broker until 1997.

## Career

In 1996, he set up a business consultancy, and in 2002, he ran for parliament on a center-right ticket, obtaining only 3% of the vote. He was then condemned to one-year ineligibility for not deposing his campaign budget. In 2008, he was elected a deputy mayor of Neuilly-sur-Seine.

### 2012 Legislative Election

In the 2012 French legislative election, Karsenty stood as a dissident right-wing candidate, against the candidate endorsed by Sarkozy's Union for a Popular Movement, in the Eighth constituency for French residents overseas (which includes French residents in Israel, as well as in Italy, Turkey, Greece and several other countries). He finished third, with 14.45% of the vote, and did not advance to the run-off vote. In February 2013, the Constitutional Council found irregularities in the funding of his electoral campaign and barred him from standing for public office for a period of one year.

## Views on Israel and Palestine

In 2002, he was proactive in a tentative attempt to censor the diffusion of a pro-Palestinian book "Rêver la Palestine" (i.e., "dreaming of Palestine") edited by renowned French editor Flammarion.
Orit Arfa of the Jewish Journal described Karsenty as a "pro-Israel activist".

### Muhammad al-Durrah controversy

Karsenty came to public attention in 2004, when he was sued for libel by the French television network France 2. Karsenty had accused the network of having broadcast staged footage of the reported killing of a 12-year-old Palestinian boy, Muhammad al-Durrah, during a gun battle in the Gaza Strip in 2000. France 2 won its case in October 2006, but the judgment was overturned by the Paris Court of Appeal in May 2008, with France 2 refusing to release the full footage taken by their stringer on that day. France 2 appealed the decision to the Cour de cassation, France's highest court, and in February 2012, the Cour de cassation overturned the ruling of the Court of Appeal, which had acquitted Karsenty. On 26 June 2013, the Paris Court of Appeals once again convicted Karsenty of defamation, and fined him €7000.
In parallel, on 10 June 2010, a court in Nanterre sentenced Canal Plus and Tac Press for defaming Karsenty in a documentary entitled Rumors, Brainwashing: The New News War, broadcast by this channel on 24 April 2008.
# Peter Francis (runner)

Peter Francis (born 22 December 1936) is a Kenyan middle-distance runner. He competed in the men's 800 metres at the 1964 Summer Olympics. He won a bronze medal in the 800 metres at the 1965 All-Africa Games.
# Gharabad

Gharabad (Persian: غراباد, also Romanized as Gharābād) is a village in Soltanabad Rural District, in the Central District of Ramhormoz County, Khuzestan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 193, in 35 families.
# Niki Marty

Niki Marty (born 13 October 1973 in Zürich) is a Swiss sport shooter. He won a bronze medal in rapid fire pistol shooting at the 2002 ISSF World Championships in Lahti, Finland, and was selected to compete for Switzerland at the 2004 Summer Olympics, finishing in twelfth place. Marty trains under Polish-born head coach and four-time Olympian Krzysztof Kucharczyk for the national team at Küsnacht Shooting Range (German: Schützengesellschaft Küsnacht) in his native Zürich.
Marty first came to prominence on the global scene at the 2002 ISSF World Championships in Lahti, Finland, where he claimed the bronze medal in rapid fire pistol shooting with 688.3, falling behind the German duo Marco Spangenberg and 1996 Olympic champion Ralf Schumann by a two-point gap.
At the 2004 Summer Olympics in Athens, Marty qualified for the Swiss squad in the men's 25 m rapid fire pistol. He had registered a minimum qualifying score of 588 to gain an Olympic quota place for Switzerland, following his third-place finish at the Worlds two years earlier. Marty fired a total score of 577 points to force a two-way tie with Hungary's four-time Olympian Lajos Pálinkás for twelfth place in the qualifying round, failing to advance to the final.
# USS LST-546

USS LST-546 was a United States Navy LST-542-class tank landing ship in commission from 1944 to sometime between 1946 and 1952. From 1952 until 1972 she served in a non-commissioned status in the Military Sea Transportation Service and Military Sealift Command as USNS LST-546 (T-LST-546).
LST-546 was laid down on 20 December 1943 at Evansville, Indiana, by the Missouri Valley Bridge & Iron Co; launched on 16 February 1944; sponsored by Mrs. W. J. Barbrick; and commissioned on 27 March 1944.

## Occupation Duty

LST-546 saw no combat action in World War II. Following the war, LST-546 performed occupation duty in the Far East and saw service in China until early January 1946.

## Decommissioning

LST-546 was decommissioned sometime between 1946 and 31 March 1952, but the exact date awaits further research.

## Service as USNS LST-546

On 31 March 1952, LST-546 was transferred to the Military Sea Transportation Service, later the Military Sealift Command, where she served in a non-commissioned status as USNS LST-546 until 15 July 1972.

## Transfer to the Philippines

On 15 July 1972, LST-546 was taken out of service and transferred under lease to the Republic of the Philippines. The Philippines purchased her outright in 1980. In the Philippine Navy, she served as BRP Surigao del Sur. Her final disposition is unknown.
# Goldasht, Lorestan

Goldasht (Persian: گلدشت) is a village in Hemmatabad Rural District, in the Central District of Borujerd County, Lorestan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 772, in 202 families.
# Dinitro-ortho-cresol

Dinitro-ortho-cresol (DNOC) is an organic compound with the structural formula CH$_3$C$_6$H$_2$(NO$_2$)$_2$OH. It is a yellow solid that is only slightly soluble in water. It is extremely toxic to humans and was previously used as a herbicide and insecticide.

## Preparation

This compound is prepared by disulfonation of o-cresol. The resulting disulfonate is then treated with nitric acid to give DNOC. A variety of related derivatives are known including those where the methyl group is replaced by sec-butyl (dinoseb), tert-butyl (dinoterb), and 1-methylheptyl (dinocap). These are prepared by the direct nitration of the alkyphenols.

## Applications and safety

DNOC is an uncoupler, which means that it interferes with adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production, making it extremely toxic to humans.
DNOC was one of the earliest pesticides developed, being used as an insecticide since the 1890s and a herbicide since the 1930s. It was banned for use as a pesticide in the United States in 1991.
Symptoms of dinitro-ortho-cresol poisoning, due to ingestion or other forms of exposure, include confusion, fever, headache, shortness of breath, and sweating.
# Peter O'Dowd

James Peter O'Dowd (26 February 1908 – 8 May 1964) was an English professional footballer who played as a central defender. He won three caps for the England national football team. He retired at the age of 29 after suffering a broken leg while playing for Torquay United.
# Manor (film)

Manor (French: Manoir) is a Canadian documentary film, directed by Martin Fournier and Pier-Luc Latulippe and released in 2015. The film profiles the residents of Gaulin Manor, a onetime hotel in Saint-Hyacinthe, Quebec, which has been converted into a transitional housing facility for former psychiatric patients who remain at risk of homelessness, but is about to be closed and demolished for redevelopment.
The film premiered at the 2015 Montreal International Documentary Festival, before going into commercial release in 2016.

## Awards

At RIDM, the film received an honorable mention from the Magnus Isaccson Award jury.
The film won the Prix Iris for Best Documentary Film at the 19th Quebec Cinema Awards in 2017. It was also a nominee for Best Cinematography in a Documentary (Olivier Tétreault) and Best Editing in a Documentary (Jean-François Lord).
The film was the winner of the 2017 Prix collégial du cinéma québécois.
# Rolandas Urbonas

Rolandas Urbonas is a paralympic athlete from Lithuania competing mainly in category F12 shot and discus events.
Rolandas has competed at four Paralympics and has won three medals. His first games he only competed in the F12 shot put winning the bronze medal. During the next three Paralympics he competed in the shot and discus winning a silver in the discus in 2000 and a bronze medal in the discus in 2004 but could not win any medals in 2008.
# Höhlensteintal

The Höhlensteintal (Italian: Val di Landro; German: Höhlensteintal) is a side valley of the Puster Valley in South Tyrol, Italy.
# Gndevaz

39°45′33″N 45°37′05″E﻿ / ﻿39.75917°N 45.61806°E﻿ / 39.75917; 45.61806
Gndevaz (Armenian: Գնդեվազ) is a village in the Jermuk Municipality of the Vayots Dzor Province of Armenia. It is home to the 10th century Gndevank Monastery.

## Gallery

* Scenery around Gndevank
* Gndevank
* Scenery around Gndevank
* Walls of Gndevank
* St. Astvatsatsin Church of Gndevaz
# Qarah Borqa

Qarah Borqa (Persian: قره برقع, also Romanized as Qarah Borqa‘; also known as Qarā Borqa‘) is a village in Sarajuy-ye Gharbi Rural District, in the Central District of Maragheh County, East Azerbaijan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 823, in 206 families.
# Bani Nar

Bani Nar (Persian: باني نار, also Romanized as Bānī Nār) is a village in Khaneh Shur Rural District, in the Central District of Salas-e Babajani County, Kermanshah Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 208, in 50 families.
# Canopy piloting

Canopy piloting encompasses several disciplines, all involving the flight of a skydiving parachute.
Swooping is a form of canopy piloting associated with advanced skydiving.

## Records

World records that have been recorded and verified include:
    G-1-f1 : Distance - General - Canopy Piloting Records : 151.95m
    Date of : 15 June 2012
    Parachutist(s): Nick Batsch (USA)
    Canopy type: Daedalus JPX Petra
    Course/place: Rockmart, GA (USA)
    G-1-f2 : Speed over a 70m course - General - Canopy Piloting Records : 2.404 sec
    Date of : 15 June 2012
    Parachutist(s): Greg Windmiller (USA)
    Canopy type: PD Velocity
    Course/place: Rockmart, GA (USA)
Greg Windmiller (A member of the US army parachuting "Golden Knights") was also documented in the Guinness Book of World Records as the fastest man alive under a parachute and was the first person in competition to document a speed of under 2 seconds.

## Contests

Pro Swooping Tour Professional competition courses mark the entry gates with wind blades stretching five feet tall, where some part of the pilot's body must break the imaginary line across the top of the entry gate pair, often only 30 feet apart. These types of landings are inherently more dangerous than normal landings. For competitors' safety, this is usually done over a "swoop pond", a shallow, artificial pond around three feet deep, that can be narrow and long.
The goal of the canopy piloting competition is to negotiate courses that challenge different performance characteristics of both canopy flight and pilot skill. Speed, distance and accuracy are just three of the basic courses used at most competitions. On a freestyle course, competitors drag through a large body of water, or touch the surface with different body parts and in different positions while maintaining nearly constant contact with the water. Gaining popularity both with competitors and spectators, freestyle puts the canopy pilot in contact with water at high speeds, increasing the risk of a violent impact.
Ground-launching and speed-flying are other forms of canopy piloting. These disciplines differ from swooping in that the canopy pilot flies his canopy in close proximity to the ground, descending a mountainside or other gradient or, in certain conditions, hovering several meters above the ground, much like a paragliding pilot. These types of descents are longer in duration.
# Pêra Velha

Pêra Velha is a former civil parish in the municipality (concelho) of Moimenta da Beira, Portugal. In 2013, the parish merged into the new parish Pêra Velha, Aldeia de Nacomba e Ariz. The population in 2011 was 214, in an area of 15.73 km$^2$.

## History

Pêra Velha obtained its toponymic name from the monumental rocks that are scattered throughout its territory. Its name, literally old pear, refers to the boulders and rocks that are found in Moimenta da Beira. Its first inhabitants settled in the region during an obscure period of the Neolithic, coming from continental Europe. These were likely Celts, owing to the many prehistoric dolmens and shelters that were used as shelter. The tributaries of the Paiva and Varosa Rivers wind through the plateaus, providing irrigated fertile lands that could be used to support the early clans.
While the Romans came to occupy the valleys and floodplains, the Lusitanians continued to occupy the high-grounds and defended their territory.
Almançor's Moorish forces eventually crossed the same territory after destroying the castle of Moimenta da Beira, around the 9th century.
The Goths from Asturias eventually retook and repopulated the region, which was vaguely populated, reorganizing and forming an administrative territory (municipality) that included the villages of Peva, Ariz and Soutosa. Until 1834 it was a municipality and municipal seat, that included the parishes of Pêra Velha, Ariz and Peva.
By 1801, Pêra Velha had a population of 1136 inhabitants across 41 square kilometres (4,100 ha).

## Architecture
### Prehistoric

* Castro of Pêra Velha (Portuguese: Castro de Pêra Velha)
* Dolmen of Lameiras (Portuguese: Anta das Lameiras), which is a set of three Neolithic dolmens

### Religious

* Chapel of Senhora da Livração (Portuguese: Capela da Senhora da Livração)
* Chapel of Nossa Senhora da Fonte Santa (Portuguese: Nossa Senhora da Fonte Santa)
* Church of Pêra Velha (Portuguese: Igreja de São Miguel/Pêra Velha), an 18th-century church dedicated to the archangel Michael
# Khoyto-Gol

Khoyto-Gol (Russian: Хойто-Гол) is a rural locality (an ulus) in Tunkinsky District, Republic of Buryatia, Russia. The population was 660 as of 2010. There are 29 streets.

## Geography

Khoyto-Gol is located 52 km west of Kyren (the district's administrative centre) by road. Turan is the nearest rural locality.
# Sherry Suyu

Sherry H. Suyu is a Canadian observational cosmologist whose research uses gravitational lensing of supernovae and quasars to study the expansion of the universe. She works in Germany as a Max Planck Fellow at the Max Planck Institute for Astrophysics, associate professor and head of the Observational Cosmology group at the Technical University of Munich, and leader of the H0LiCOW and HOLISMOKES collaborations for gravitational lensing of quasars and supernovae respectively.

## Education and career

Suyu grew up in Canada, and is a 2001 graduate of Queen's University at Kingston in Canada. She completed a Ph.D. at the California Institute of Technology in 2008. Her doctoral dissertation, Dissecting the gravitational lens B1608+656: Implications for the Hubble constant, was jointly supervised by Roger Blandford and Kip Thorne.
After postdoctoral research at the University of Bonn, University of California, Santa Barbara, and Stanford University, she worked as a faculty member at the Academia Sinica Institute of Astronomy and Astrophysics in Taiwan from 2013 to 2016, close to her parents. She returned to Germany in 2016 with a joint position at the Max Planck Institute for Astrophysics and Technical University of Munich. In 2022 she was promoted to associate professor and Max Planck Fellow.

## Recognition

Suyu received the Significant Research Achievements Award of the Academia Sinica in 2013. She was the 2021 recipient of the Lancelot M. Berkeley − New York Community Trust Prize for Meritorious Work in Astronomy of the American Astronomical Society. In 2022, the Technical University of Munich gave her its Heinz Maier-Leibnitz Medal.
# Sivas vilayet

The Vilayet of Sivas (Armenian: Սեբաստիայի նահանգ, Ottoman Turkish: ولايت سيوس, romanized: Vilâyet-i Sivas) was a first-level administrative division (vilayet) of the Ottoman Empire, and was one of the Six Armenian vilayets. The vilayet was bordered by Erzurum Vilayet to the east, Mamuretülaziz Vilayet to the south-east, the Trebizond Vilayet to the north and Ankara Vilayet to the west.
At the beginning of the 20th century it had an area of 32,308 square miles (83,680 km$^2$), while the preliminary results of the first Ottoman census of 1885 (published in 1908) gave the population as 996,126. The accuracy of the population figures ranges from "approximate" to "merely conjectural" depending on the region from which they were gathered.

## History

The Vilayet of Sivas was created in 1867 when eyalets were replaced with vilayets under the "Vilayet Law" (Turkish: Teşkil-i Vilayet Nizamnamesi) and was dissolved in 1922 by Atatürk's reorganization.
From 1913 to 1916, Ahmed Muammer was the Vali (governor) of the vilayet, and he has been accused of being complicit in actions against the Armenian population.

## Administrative divisions

Sanjaks of the Vilayet:
* Sanjak of Sivas (Sivas, Bünyan, Şarkışla, Hafik, Darende, Divriği, Aziziye, Kangal, Zara, Gürün, Yıldızeli)
* Sanjak of Amasya (Amasya, Havza, Mecitözü, Vezirköprü, Gümüşhacıköy, Merzifon, Ladik)
* Sanjak of Karahisar-ı Şarki (Şebinkarahisar, Alucra, Hamidiye, Suşehri (Endires till 1875), Koyulhisar)
* Sanjak of Tokad (Created from Sivas sanjak in 1880 and gained Erbaa and Zile kazas from Amasya one) (Tokat, Erbaa, Zile, Niksar (Before 1880 it was part of Canik Sanjak of Trabzon Vilayet), Reşadiye)
Not: Reşadiye (İskefsir till 1909) was nahiya center in Hamidiye kaza of Sanjak of Karahisar-ı Şarki till 1906.
# The Scent of Blood

The Scent of Blood (Italian: L'odore del sangue, also known as The Smell of Blood) is a 2004 Italian thriller-drama film written and directed by Mario Martone. It was screened at the 2004 Cannes Film Festival in the Director's Fortnight section. It is based on a novel by Goffredo Parise.

## Cast

* Fanny Ardant: Silvia
* Michele Placido: Carlo
* Giovanna Giuliani: Lù
* Sergio Tramonti: Sergio
* Riccardo Scamarcio
* Francesco Scianna

## Production

Towards the beginning of this film there is a unsimulated scene of oral sex, set in the dark room of a nightclub and played by two extras. But rumors talked of about half an hour of cut sequences, also explicit, in which some of the leading actors would be involved.
# Saint-Vénérand

Saint-Vénérand (French pronunciation:; Occitan: Sent Venerand) is a commune in the Haute-Loire department in south-central France.