OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Gerdeh Bardan

Gerdeh Bardan (Persian: گرده بردان, also Romanized as Gerdeh Bardān) is a village in Kani Bazar Rural District, Khalifan District, Mahabad County, West Azerbaijan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 102, in 17 families.
# Siglavy

Siglavy (1810, Syria - unknown) was a gray Arabian horse who became one of the foundation sires of the Lipizzan, and Shagya Arabian breeds.

## Denomination

Siglavy derives his name from his Saklawi lineage, with early documentation of bloodlines referring to him as a Siglavie Ghadran.

## History

Siglavy was born in 1810, with a gray coat. According to Donna Landry's academic study, he was purchased in Aleppo in 1814 by Prince Charles Philippe de Schwarzenberg, along with three other Arabian horses, as part of a military procurement mission entrusted by the Habsburgs to supply their stud farms. He was acquired for a substantial sum of 3,400 florins and was likely closely guarded on his journey to Vienna, the capital of the Austrian Empire. However, some popular sources claim that he was bought in France by the Prince of Schwarzenberg.
In 1816, after being tested on his stallion abilities, Siglavy was transferred from Prince Schwarzenberg to the imperial stables at Koptschan (in present-day Slovakia).
The first evidence of his presence at the Lipica stud dates back to 1821, when he was used as a stallion to sire military horses for war and for transporting Austrian troops. Siglavy was sold in 1826.

## Recognition

Siglavy is recognized as the founder of one of the six modern Lipizzan bloodline lineages. However, it took some years before his influence on the Lipizzaner breed was officially acknowledged.
Siglavy's lineage :
| Siglavy | Siglavy III (1817) | Siglavy XII (1833) |
| Siglavy | Siglavy V (1823) | Siglavy XV (1833) |
| Siglavy | Siglavy I (1825/1826) | 94 Siglavy I (1834) |
In addition to his influence on the Lipizzan breed, Siglavy also founded a lineage in the Shagya breed.
# Radial drift

Radial drift is a process by which dust particles migrates in Protoplanetary disks during the formation of planetesimals. It involves the motion of solid particles within the gas-dominated environment surrounding a young star and is crucial to understanding the formation of planets from protoplanetary disks. The orbital radius of larger bodies decreases about the central star due to pressure drag reducing its orbital velocity, and consequently, angular momentum.
Protoplanetary disks are primarily composed of a mix of gas and solids. In the early stages, following a protoplanetary disk's formation, the core inhabitants are mainly dust and gas particles, making up the majority of its composition. Gas particles are significantly smaller than their solid counterparts, dust particles. Due to the differences in size of these particles, dust particles experience a greater gas pressure which alters the motion of these particles to orbit at slower velocities relative to the surrounding gas. Radial drifting refers to the particular scenario of inward drifting occurring to larger objects. As dust particles grow in size to form planetesimals, they gradually lose energy due to the influence gas pressure causing these bodies to slow down, resulting in a radial drift inwards.

## The Radial Drift Problem

The motion of particles in protoplanetary disks is heavily dependent on their size. As small grains grow and evolve into planetesimals, the drag force they encounter due to gas pressure also increases as the magnitude of this force scales with size. This drag results in a continuous reduction in their orbital velocity. Ultimately, without intervention, these bodies will continue to spiral inward as they grow and become vaporized by the heat of the central star.
This theory insinuates that the growth from solid particles to planetesimals must occur within incredibly short timescales to avoid drifting into the star and allowing them to evolve into the structure of planets we observe today.
The phenomenon of radial drifting presents significant challenges for planet formation, commonly referred to as the Radial Drift Problem or the Radial Drift Barrier. As particles migrate inward during growth, their ability to evolve into planetesimals becomes jeopardized. Several theories have been proposed to address this problem, each exploring different mechanisms that could allow for the formation of planetesimals despite this interference. Some notable proposals being the existence of particle traps around planetary gaps which slows inward drifting, pressure bumps due to gas pressure variations, vortices formations within the disk, and how porous growth on dust grains can affect radial motion.
# Khosrov Zakarian

Khosrov Zakarian (Armenian: Խոսրով Զաքարյան) or Khosrov Mkhargrdzeli was Armenian landholder during the 11th century in Armenian Kingdom of Tashir-Dzoraget and Kingdom of Georgia. Khosrov is first historically traceable member of Zakarids–Mkhargrdzeli.

## Biography

Khosrov was member of Zakarids–Mkhargrdzeli dynasty. Believed that Khosrov's ancestors belonged to Mesopotamian Kurdish tribe of Babir, or ancestry from Armenian Kamsarakan dynasty.
# Damián Macaluso

Damián Macaluso Rojas (born 9 March 1980) is a Uruguayan football coach and a former player of Spanish and Italian descent who is the youth coach with Peñarol. He played as a defender.
Before joining AS Nancy in summer 2006, he also played for Racing Club de Montevideo, Club Atlético River Plate (Uruguay). He played in Guatemala for Cobán Imperial and helped them win the 2004 Clausura tournament.
In June 2012 he signed with Peñarol.
# Monty Wright

Monty Wright (29 May 1931 – 6 April 2012) was an English footballer, who played as a left-footed wing half in the Football League in the 1950s for Stockport County and Chester City F.C.
Monty was in the Leeds United reserves team in 1952-53 and he played with John Charles and Jack Charlton. He retired early from football after suffering a detached retina eye injury. He later went on to run Monty's Newsagents in Farnsfield, Nottinghamshire for 15 years until 1992.
# Killing Moon (novel)

Killing Moon (Norwegian: Blodmåne, 2022) is a crime novel by Norwegian writer Jo Nesbø, the thirteenth in the Harry Hole series. The book is set in Los Angeles and Oslo.

## Plot

In this latest installment of the Harry Hole series by Jo Nesbø, the brilliant but troubled investigator is lured back to Oslo when a serial killer begins targeting young women connected to a party hosted by a notorious real-estate magnate. Despite being fired from the force and battling his own demons in Los Angeles, Harry returns to track down the murderer after the woman who once saved his life is put in grave danger. To solve this chilling case and stop an elusive killer, Harry assembles a misfit team of former operatives, setting the stage for a high-stakes, suspenseful thriller filled with dark twists and complex characters.
# Jahanian Tehsil

Jahanian (Urdu: تحصِیل جہانیاں), (Punjabi تحصِيل جہانياں), is an administrative subdivision, tehsil, of Khanewal District in the Punjab province of Pakistan. The city of Jahanian is the headquarters of the tehsil.
The languages spoken in the tehsil are Urdu, Punjabi, Saraiki, Mewati, and Haryanvi.
# Bardzrakash Monastery

Bardzrakash (Armenian: Բարձրաքաշ) is a 10th-13th century Armenian monastery located between Dsegh village and Tumanyan town within Lori marz, Armenia. It is built on a flat spot on a steep slope below cliffs, and above the Marts river, in the Tavut forest.
The complex consists of two churches, a vestibule, a chapel, the ancestral cemetery of Mamikonyan and remainders of khachkars. The two churches and the vestibule that make the main group are placed near to each other in one line. The preserved oldest construction, built of rough-hewn smaller basalt stones is the one-nave hall type church at the north of the complex, of which only a 3-4m high wall remains. Although no details have reached us about the history of this church, from the construction methods it is thought to have been built in the 10th century. The building in the center is the 13th century Holy Astvatsatsin - the main church, of which the entrance, parts of the southern and western walls, sections of flying arches, and pillars are still well preserved. Holy Astvatsatsin and its gavit are both constructed of large, finely cut slabs of felsite stone. The monastery does not appear to have functioned for long after the construction of Holy Astvatsatsin, as the last of the inscriptions on the church walls date to the mid-13th century.
Bardzrakash underwent some type of renovations in 1939, and some cleanup efforts in 1950 and 1969. It was listed on the 2014 World Monuments Fund as one of 67 cultural heritage sites at risk from the forces of nature and the impact of social, political, and economic change
# Darreh Mirza

Darreh Mirza (Persian: دره ميرزا, also Romanized as Darreh Mīrzā) is a village in Khezel-e Sharqi Rural District, Khezel District, Nahavand County, Hamadan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 349, in 81 families.
# CarDomain

CarDomain.com was an online community site for car enthusiasts. Users could create profiles of their cars including pictures and write-ups, view the work of others, talk to the other users and car enthusiasts, and create social network profiles.

## History

CarDomain Network was founded in 1998 by Alex Algard and Simon Han and is headquartered in Seattle, Washington. The company started as SoundDomain.com, which featured a mobile electronics forum and community functionality allowing users to show off their car stereo installations. As the site matured, additional features were added and, eventually, the vehicle profiles were rebranded as CarDomain. Recently, CarDomain has added video upload and user-run groups.
"At the end of 2004, the company had revenue of $13.3 million, and now has 70 employees and 1.5 million registered users".
"Seattle startup CarDomain, a social-networking site for auto enthusiasts, cut 16 jobs (about half its staff) on November 18, 2008. “Although we are growing overall traffic and member engagement year-on-year, the economy and the automotive industry have taken a significant turn for the worse, leading to very pessimistic industry projections of advertising budgets and a protracted recovery period,” said CEO Rajan Krishnamurty, in a statement to TechFlash."

## Acquisition

On April 8, 2009 CarDomain acquired fellow automotive social-networking site StreetFire, at that time, one of the largest user-generated content sites for automotive videos. CEO of StreetFire, Glenn Rogers, became CEO of the combined company.
In 2012 CarDomain was sold to Source Interlink Media, a company that owns a number of other car-oriented publications. (Source Interlink was subsequently renamed TEN: The Enthusiast Network, then Motor Trend Group.)
# Lost Everything

Lost Everything is an apocalyptic science fiction novel by Brian Francis Slattery, published in 2012 by Tor Books. The novel received the 2012 Philip K. Dick Award.
The novel takes place in an apocalyptic America plagued by civil war after fierce storms have decimated major cities.
The novel follows Sunny Jim as he travels up a river with a group of other survivors in search of his wife and son.

## Reception

Kirkus Reviews praised the novel's setting and the development of familial relationships, but said that, "the novel is plagued by an unsatisfying, scattershot execution." Publishers Weekly compared the novel's themes to Cormac McCarthy's The Road, but wrote that the novel suffered from pacing problems and was morbid without sufficient relief. Woman's Day reviewer Alexandra Gekas disagreed that the novel lacked relief, writing "The people we meet [in the novel] certainly show intense cruelty, but there are also moments of profound kindness, small, but powerful gestures of love and a great sense of hope overriding hopelessness."
The novel received the 2012 Philip K. Dick Award.
# Nicolás Machado

Nicolás Teodoro Machado Mira (born 3 January 1997) is a Uruguayan professional footballer who plays as a centre forward.

## Club career

Machado started his career playing with River Plate. He made his professional debut during the 2015/16 season.
In the summer 2019, Machado was one out of several Uruguayan players who joined Spanish club Zamudio SD. In 2020, he returned to Uruguay and joined Centro Atlético Fénix.
# Mostyn Ffrench-Williams

Mostyn Yanto Ffrench-Williams (12 October 1914 – 11 November 1963) was an English competition swimmer and backstroke swimmer who represented Great Britain at the Olympics, and swam for England at the British Empire Games, during the 1930s. Ffrench-Williams competed in freestyle and backstroke swimming events.
He was born in London.
In the 1932 Summer Olympics, he finished fifth with the British team in the 4×200-metre freestyle relay event. In the 100-metre freestyle competition he was eliminated in the first round.
Four years later the 1936 Summer Olympics in Berlin, he was a member of the British team which finished sixth with the British team in the 4×200-metre freestyle relay contest at the 1936 Games. He also swam in the 100-metre freestyle event but was eliminated in the first round again.
At the 1934 British Empire Games in London, he was a member of the English team which won the silver medal in the 4×200-yard freestyle competition. In the 3×110-yard medley contest he won a bronze medal with the English team. Four years later at the 1938 Empire Games in Sydney, he was part of the English team which won the gold medal in the 4×220-yard freestyle event. In Sydney he also participated in the backstroke competition.
# Khiarzar

Khiarzar (Persian: خيارزار, also Romanized as Khīārzār, Khīār Zār, and Khīyar Zar; also known as Kheyār Zard) is a village in Shabankareh Rural District, Shabankareh District, Dashtestan County, Bushehr Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 375, in 78 families.
# Sheykh Saluy-e Olya

Sheykh Saluy-e Olya (Persian: شيخ سلوي عليا, also Romanized as Sheykh Salūy-e ‘Olyā and Sheikh Salooy Olya; also known as Shaikh Silu Yukāri, Sheykh Salū-ye Bālā, Sheykh Salū-ye ‘Olyā, Sheykh Selū-ye Bālā, and Sheykh Solū-ye Bālā) is a village in Chaldoran-e Jonubi Rural District, in the Central District of Chaldoran County, West Azerbaijan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 117, in 30 families.
# Roman Catholic Diocese of Bom Jesus da Lapa

The Roman Catholic Diocese of Bom Jesus da Lapa (Latin: Dioecesis Spelaeopolitana a Bono Iesu) is a diocese located in the city of Bom Jesus da Lapa in the ecclesiastical province of Vitória da Conquista in Brazil.

## History

* 22 July 1962: Established as Diocese of Bom Jesus da Lapa from the Diocese of Barra

## Bishops

* Bishops of Bom Jesus da Lapa (Latin Rite)
** José Nicomedes Grossi (1962.08.28 – 1990.03.15)
** Francisco Batistela, C.Ss.R. (1990.04.18 – 2009.01.28)
** José Valmor César Teixeira, S.D.B. (2009.01.28 - 2014.03.20), appointed Bishop of São José dos Campos, São Paulo
** João Santos Cardoso (2015.06.24 - present)

### Coadjutor bishop

* João Nílton dos Santos Souza (1986-1988), did not succeed to see; appointed Bishop of Amargosa, Bahia
# Borislav Tsekov

Borislav Tsekov (Bulgarian: Борислав Цеков) (born 1972) is a Bulgarian constitutional lawyer. Between 2001 and 2005 he served as Member of Parliament, representing the National movement Simeon II until 2004, and then switched to the New Time Party. He was a member of the European Integration Committee, Legal Affairs Committee and the Committee on Local Self-government, Regional Policy and Urban development. He was also elected as Deputy Chairman of the Religious Affairs Ad Hoc Committee and the Ad Hoc Committee on Amendments to the Constitution. As a Member of the Bulgarian Parliament, Borislav Tsekov sponsored more than 30 bills. More than half of these bills were adopted by the Parliament, including Religious Denominations Act, Political Parties Act, State Orders and Medals Act, and others.
Tsekov served as Secretary General of the Ombudsman Institution of the Republic of Bulgaria (2005-2010), a constitutional authority monitoring human rights and good governance issues. In earlier stages of his professional career, Tsekov has worked as NGO and business consultant, legal advisor at the Parliament, lecturer at the New Bulgarian University. Tsekov served as a Member of the Legal Council of Bulgarian Presidency (2017-2019). He is a lecturer in Constitutional law and Public administration at the University of National and World Economy, based in Sofia, Bulgaria.
Tsekov is founder and chair of the Board of directors of the Sofia-based non-profit Institute of Modern Politics. as well as the think-tank New Europe Research Center.
He is author of more than 400 publications on political and legislative issues in the press and law review editions. He published four books: New York: The Altar of the Modern World (2011), Anti-Jewish Legislation in Europe and Bulgaria (2015), The Trump Doctrine (2016), The Trump Doctrine Against Neo-liberal Globalism (2019).
Tsekov has a law degree from the law faculty of Sofia University “St. Clement of Ohrid”, and has gone through some training programs at different institutions in Europe, US and Japan. He has a PhD in Constitutional Law from the Bulgarian Academy of Sciences
# Acaú-Goiana Extractive Reserve

The Acaú-Goiana Extractive Reserve (Portuguese: Reserva Extrativista Acaú-Goiana) is an extractive reserve in the states of Paraíba and Pernambuco, Brazil.

## Location

The Acaú-Goiana Extractive Reserve covers 6,676.69 hectares (16,498.5 acres). It is in the municipalities of Caaporã (5.07%) and Pitimbu (1.16%) in Paraíba and Goiana (62.08%) in Pernambuco. The reserve is in the coastal marine biome. It includes the estuary of the Tracunhaém River. Annual rainfall is 400 millimetres (16 in). Temperatures range from 20 to 30 °C (68 to 86 °F) with an average of 25 °C (77 °F). Vegetation includes mangroves, restinga and a small strip of Atlantic Forest.

## Administration

The Acaú-Goiana Extractive Reserve was created by federal decree on 26 September 2007, and is administered by the Chico Mendes Institute for Biodiversity Conservation. It is classed as IUCN protected area category VI (protected area with sustainable use of natural resources). The extractive reserve aims to protect the livelihoods and ensure use and conservation of natural resources traditionally used by the communities of Carne de Vaca, Povoação de São Lourenço, Tejucupapo, Baldo do Rio Goiana, Acaú, and other communities in the reserve. On 10 November 2009 the Instituto Nacional de Colonização e Reforma Agrária (INCRA: National Institute for Colonization and Agrarian Reform) recognised the reserve as meeting the needs of 1,510 families. A deliberative council was created on 24 October 2012.
# Pagliero, Cuneo

Pagliero (Italian:; Occitan: Palhier) is a village and a former community in the Maira Valley, Province of Cuneo, northwestern Italy. Administratively, it is a frazione (borough) of the municipality of San Damiano Macra, and it is a parish of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Saluzzo.
Old charters name the village Paliarum or Paglierum. It was cited as early as in 1028 in the charter of the foundation of the abbey of Carmagnola. It was a part of the marquisate of San Damiano before being merged with San Damiano in 1716.
In 1931, the village had 902 inhabitants.
# Zaramin-e Olya

Zaramin-e Olya (Persian: زرامين عليا, also Romanized as Zarāmīn-e ‘Olyā; also known as Zarāmīn, Zarāmīn-e Bālā, and Zarrāmīn-e Bālā) is a village in Fazl Rural District, Zarrin Dasht District, Nahavand County, Hamadan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 573, in 135 families.
# Action of 31 May 1796

The action of 31 May 1796 was a small action during the French Revolutionary Wars in which a Royal Navy squadron under the command of Commodore Horatio Nelson, in the 64-gun third-rate ship of the line HMS Agamemnon, captured a seven-vessel French convoy that was sailing along the coast from Menton to Vado in the Mediterranean. The British succeeded in capturing the entire convoy, with minimal casualties to themselves.
Nelson had received the news that the French were trying to take supplies to St Pierre d'Acena for the siege of Mantua. He therefore set out to intercept any such attempt.
When Nelson and his squadron sighted a small convoy of seven sail skirting the coast, he pursued them. The French vessels anchored under the guns of a shore battery and hoisted French flags. Nelson then sent in the squadron's ships' boats to capture the convoy. After a short resistance by an armed tartane of three guns, a gunboat of one gun, and the battery, the British succeeded in taking the vessels. British casualties were one man killed and three wounded. French records place the action off Arma di Taggia and Bussana.
The vessels the British captured were two naval vessels and five transports.
* Génie, which the British described as a ketch, was armed with three 18-pounder guns and four swivel guns. She had a crew of 60 men, under the command of enseigne de vaisseau Pioch. She was one of 28 merchant tartanes that the French Navy acquired between March and June 1794 at Sète and Agde. Génie, however, was apparently purchased, at Agde, and commissioned in June 1796. The French Navy armed the tartanes with large guns to serve as gunboats.
* Numéro Douze (Chaloupe-cannonière №12), was a gunboat of one 18-pounder gun, four swivel guns, and 30 men. Some records report that she was commissioned in 1795 and was under the command of Captain Ganivet at the time of her capture.
* Brig Bonne-Mère, of 250 tons (bm), carrying as cargo brass 24-pounder guns, 13" mortars, and gun carriages;
* Ketch Vierge de Consolation, of 120 tons (bm), carrying a cargo of brass guns, mortars, shells, and gun carriages;
* Ketch Jean Baptiste, of 100 tons (bm), carrying brandy and a small amount of bread;
* A ketch of unknown name of 100 tons (bm), carrying Austrian prisoners; and
* Ketch St. Anne de Paix, of 70 tons (bm), carrying wheelbarrows and entrenching tools. The British destroyed her.
# Nicholas Beaman

Nicholas Beaman (11 June 1897 – 1970) was a British water polo player. He competed in the men's tournament at the 1928 Summer Olympics.