OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Lawrence Smith (South Africa)

Lawrence Reginald Smith SM MMM SAStC is a General Officer in the South African Army. General Smith completed the South African Army Command and Staff Duties Course at the South African Army College, Pretoria over the period January 1994 to November 1995. Smith graduated from the US Army Command and General Staff College in Leavenworth, Kansas, in 1997 and the People's Liberation Army of China, National Defense College, Beijing, in 2008.

## Military career

General Smith was appointed to the post of Deputy Chief of the South African Army on 1 January 2015, taking over from Maj Gen Les Rudman.
Smith completed National Service in 1976 in the SADF. He served on the South West African/Namibian border and commanded Sector 5 in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) in 2003 and 2004.
He has been the designated SADC Standby Force Military Component Commander and was in command of it during Exercise Golfinho in 2009. He was also Head of the African Union Standby Force during its final Combat Readiness Exercise (Amani Africa) in November 2010. More recently he was involved in the preparation of the ACIRC (African Capacity for Immediate Response to Crises) Force within the SANDF as well as at African Union level as the Deputy Exercise Director of Exercise UTULIVU AFRICA 2014.
Prior to being named Deputy Chief of the South African Army, Smith was General Officer Commanding 43 South African Brigade headquarters.

## Honours and awards

* Southern Cross Medal (1975) (SM)
* Military Merit Medal (MMM)
* Pro Patria Medal
* Southern Africa Medal
* General Service Medal (South Africa)
* Mentioned in Dispatches - Okhankanyiweyo (MID)
* Tshumelo Ikatelaho (General Service Medal) (Peace Support clasp)
* Unitas (Unity) Medal
* Medalje vir Troue Diens (Medal for Loyal Service) (30 Year Clasp)
* Good Service Medal (Silver (20 Years))
* Good Service Medal (Bronze (10 Years))
* United Nations Medal (ONUB - Burundi) (United Nations)
* United Nations Medal (MONUC - DRC) (United Nations)
# Labored breathing

Labored respiration or labored breathing is an abnormal respiration characterized by evidence of increased effort to breathe, including the use of accessory muscles of respiration, stridor, grunting, or nasal flaring.

## Classification

Labored breathing is distinguished from shortness of breath or dyspnea, which is the sensation of respiratory distress rather than a physical presentation.
Still, many simply define dyspnea as difficulty in breathing without further specification, which may confuse it with e.g. labored breathing or tachypnea (rapid breathing). Labored breathing has occasionally been included in the definition of dyspnea as well. However, in the standard definition, these related signs may be present at the same time, but do not necessarily have to be. For instance, in respiratory arrest by a primary failure in respiratory muscles the patient, if conscious, may experience dyspnea, yet without having any labored breathing or tachypnea. The other way around, labored breathing or tachypnea can voluntarily be performed even when there is no dyspnea.

## Presentations

Presentations of labored respiration include:
* Hyperpnea - faster and/or deeper breathing
* Tachypnea - increased breathing rate
* Retractions or recessions – sucking in of the skin, around the ribs and the top of the sternum
* Use of accessory muscles of respiration rather than only the diaphragm

## Causes

Causes of labored breathing include:
* Severe metabolic acidosis, particularly diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) but also kidney failure. The specific associated breathing pattern is called Kussmaul breathing.
* Cardiac disease
* Respiratory failure
# Socialist Democracy (Brazil)

Socialist Democracy (Portuguese: Democracia Socialista, DS) is a far-left Trotskyist group in Brazil. Formed in 1979, DS was affiliated to the United Secretariat of the Fourth International. DS was one of the first groups to affiliate with the Workers' Party (PT) when the PT formed in 1980. The activists in Socialist Democracy hoped to transform the PT into a revolutionary socialist party. As the PT grew, DS grew to become one of the largest Trotskyist organizations in the world.
DS has been most prominent in the municipal government of Porto Alegre, where DS member Raul Pont was vice-mayor from 1992 to 1996 and mayor from 1996 to 2000, and the state government of Rio Grande do Sul. DS members played a significant role in the elaboration of the Participatory Budget (though they had initially opposed its introduction) and also in the arrangements for the three World Social Forums held in Porto Alegre.
In recent years, the PT has become more moderate, especially after party leader Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva became President of Brazil in 2003. This caused tension in the entire left wing of the PT, including in Socialist Democracy. In 2004, Heloísa Helena (a member of DS and a Brazilian Senator) and other dissident PT members were expelled from the party, and they formed the Socialism and Liberty Party (P-SOL). Part of the DS tendency remained in the PT, but another part left to join the P-SOL. Those who entered PSOL formed a tendency called Enlace. The DS majority remaining in the PT has come to be the core of attempts to unseat the PT's current leadership, with DS member Raul Pont narrowly losing with 48% of the votes in a 2005 election for the presidency of the PT.
# Yahmureh-ye Do

Yahmureh-ye Do (Persian: يحموره دو, also Romanized as Yaḩmūreh-ye Do) is a village in Shoaybiyeh-ye Gharbi Rural District, Shadravan District, Shushtar County, Khuzestan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 142, in 24 families.
# Sevdalin Ilkov

Sevdalin Ilkov (Bulgarian: Севдалин Илков) is a Bulgarian sprint canoer who competed in the early 1980s. He won a bronze medal in the C-2 500 m event at the 1981 ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships in Nottingham.
# Yattendon

Yattendon is a village and civil parish 7 miles (11 km) northeast of Newbury in the county of Berkshire, England. The M4 motorway passes through the fields of the village which lie 0.5 miles (800 m) south and below the elevations of its cluster. The village is privately owned and is "part of the 9,000 acre estate owned by the Iliffes, former press barons", part of the Yattendon Group.

## Geography

Yattendon stretches from Everington in the west to the hamlet of Burnt Hill in the east and the woodland just east of Yattendon Court, including Mumgrove Copse, Bushy Copse, Clack's Copse and Gravelpit Copse. The M4 motorway forms most of its southern boundary and some of the houses on the northern edge of Frilsham are actually in Yattendon. The River Pang flows through the west of the parish. It was in the hundred of Faircross, which was of little consequence after the Dissolution of the Monasteries and effectively ceased to function after 1886.

## History

The Church of St. Peter and St. Paul was built around 1450 and was "restored in 1858, 1881 and a spire was added by Alfred Waterhouse in 1896". The village has had a shop since the 1600s. According to the Estate, the Iliffe's took over the operation in 2014 and "Edward Iliffe, son of Lord Iliffe, was appointed Postmaster". William Burham, a saddle and harness maker had a shop in the village from 1901 until his death in the early 1960s. A collection of his leather working tools is in the Museum of English Rural Life.

## Amenities

Yattendon has a shop, post office, garage, pub/hotel, hairdressers, blacksmith, primary school, Montessori school, tennis courts and brewery as well as houses and cottages rented to tenants. Yattendon has 31 Grade II Listed buildings, as well as the Church of St. Peter and St. Paul which is Grade I.

## Notable people

Notable residents of Yattendon include:
* Robert Bridges, who later became Poet Laureate, lived at Yattendon until 1882, where he compiled the Yattendon Hymnal.
* Thomas Carte, noted English historian, once held the rectory and was buried in the church.
* General Sir Miles Dempsey, British Army officer who fought in World War I and World War II.
* Edward Iliffe, 1st Baron Iliffe, the newspaper magnate who lived at Yattendon Court. From 1925 to 1940, he amalgamated several small farming estates and formed the Yattendon Estate in 1955. It covers nearly 9,000 acres (36 km$^2$) of farmland, woodland, grazing and Christmas tree plantations.
* Ruth Mott, cook and TV presenter, was born in the village. She was a technical advisor on the 2001 Robert Altman film Gosford Park.
* Egon Ronay the restaurant critic, lived in Yattendon until his death in 2010.
* Alfred Waterhouse, the architect of the Natural History Museum who built himself a home at Yattendon Court (not the present building).
The fortified manor house, Yattendon Castle was home of:
* Sir Henry Norreys, a Tudor courtier accused of adultery with Queen Anne Boleyn and the father of
* Henry Norris, 1st Baron Norreys, Ambassador to France and father of
* Sir John Norreys, the greatest soldier of Elizabethan England whose memorial is in the parish church.
# Luka Maraš

Luka Maraš (born 24 May 1996) is a Montenegrin professional footballer who plays for Arsenal Tivat. Before that, he played for Bokelj and Podgorica.
# A Wrong Way to Love

A Wrong Way to Love (Italian: Amarsi male) is a 1969 Italian drama film. It was directed by Fernando Di Leo. It stars Nieves Navarro, Gianni Macchia, Micaela Pignatelli, Lucio Dalla, and Lea Lander.

## Production

The female lead actress initially chosen was Lucia Bosè, later replaced by Pier Angeli and ultimately by Nieves Navarro. The singer-songwriter Lucio Dalla was given a comical sidekick role. The male protagonist's surname, Tessari, is a Di Leo's homage to his real life friend Duccio Tessari. The best known actor in the cast, Gary Merrill, has only a supporting role. The film has cameos of Giancarlo Cobelli and Maria Monti, as two small-theater performers. The director Di Leo appears uncredited as a client in a brothel.

## Reception

The film was a box office failure; in 1972 it was re-released under the title Brucia amore brucia, a reference to Di Leo's prior hit, Brucia, ragazzo, brucia, but still failed to be profitable.
The film has been generally badly received by critics. Paolo Mereghetti describes it as an attempt to describe the social turmoil of the late 1960s, which falls into "the clichés of melodrama". According to Manlio Gomarasca, the film is a "soulless shell", formally very good, even exceeding Di Leo's previous films, but empty of substance. Gomarasca attributes the failure of the film principally to a lack of courage in its erotic and social aspects, probably a result of the censorship issues Di Leo had suffered with Brucia, ragazzo, brucia.
# Sandaran

Sandaran (Persian: سندران, also Romanized as Sandarān; also known as Sandavān) is a village in Howmeh-ye Sharqi Rural District, in the Central District of Ramhormoz County, Khuzestan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 183, in 46 families.
# Gozm

Gozm (Persian: گزم) is a village in Khabar Rural District, in the Central District of Baft County, Kerman Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 89, in 26 families.
# Boneh-ye Cheragh, Soltanabad

Boneh-ye Cheragh (Persian: بنه چراغ, also Romanized as Boneh-ye Cherāgh; also known as Boneh-ye Ḩājjī Cherāgh and Cherāgh) is a village in Soltanabad Rural District, in the Central District of Ramhormoz County, Khuzestan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 125, in 29 families.
# Diễm Liên

Đinh Diễm Liên (born 17 December 1971) is a Vietnamese singer and actress.

## Biography
### Childhood

Diễm Liên was born in Vietnam into a family of five sisters where all the girls, including her mother, are named Liên. The only difference is their middle name. Their family traveled to the United States when she was still young. They resided in Arizona for a short time and then moved to California, where she pursued her career in music and acting.
As a child, Diễm Liên was dedicated to performing and singing. She would often sing at school gatherings and at local nightclubs. Her father is a South Vietnamese Army soldier who tried to hold off North Vietnamese infantry to prevent South Vietnam from falling. Her family left South Vietnam during Fall of Saigon.

### Tour

Diễm Liên often goes on tour and performs. Her shows mostly consist of stops around California, especially the Bay Area. San Jose being one of her favorite places to perform, she often sings once a month there at the local clubs and stays with one of her best friends Kimberly Nguyễn.

## Filmography

| Year | Film |
| 2007 | Journey From the Fall |
| 2017 | Asia Christmas Special: A Time for Giving |
# Bom Jesus Biological Reserve

The Bom Jesus Biological Reserve (Portuguese: Reserva Biológica Bom Jesus) is a biological reserve in the state of Paraná, Brazil.

## Location

The Bom Jesus Biological Reserve is in the municipalities of Antonina (30%), Guaraqueçaba (53%) and Paranaguá(17%) in the state of Paraná. The reserve has an area of 34,179.74 hectares (84,460.0 acres). It covers a mountainous area on the north side of Paranaguá bay, opposite the town of Paranaguá. It is divided into two by the PR-405 highway, which cuts across it from west to east. The Superagui National Park lies to the east on the Atlantic coast. The reserve is in the Atlantic Forest biome.

## Conservation

The Bom Jesus Biological Reserve was created by decree on 5 June 2012 and is administered by the Chico Mendes Institute for Biodiversity Conservation. It is classed as IUCN protected area category Ia (strict nature reserve). The purpose is to preserve the Atlantic Rainforest ecosystem, specifically the dense rainforest and pioneer formations, the associated fauna and the local river system. It is part of the Atlantic Forest Biosphere Reserve and of the Lagamar mosaic of conservation units. Protected species include cougar (Puma concolor), brown howler (Alouatta guariba), margay (Leopardus wiedii), crab-eating fox (Cerdocyon thous), South American tapir (Tapirus terrestris) and ocelot (Leopardus pardalis). The palm tree Euterpe edulis is also protected.
# FIMA Basketball

FIMA Basketball (Armenian: ՖԻՄԱ Բասկետբոլ) or (Armenian: Ֆիզիկուլտուրայի Ինստիտուտի Մարզական Ակումբ Բասկետբոլ; Fizkulturayi instituti marzakan akumb basketbol), meaning Physical-culture Institute Sports Club Basketball, are the professional basketball section of FIMA Yerevan, the sports club that represents the Armenian State Institute of Physical Culture and Sport.

## History

Despite a financial crisis in the club, the basketball section joined the Armenia Basketball League A as one of its seven founders.
After finishing in the third place at the end of the regular season of the league's inaugural season, FIMA advanced to the semifinals of the competition.

## Season by season

| Season | Tier | Division | Pos. |
| 2017–18 | 1 | League A | 4th |
| 2018–19 | 1 | League A | 5th |

## Administration and technical staff

| Club president | Khachik Harutyunyan |
| General manager | Gayane Apresyan |
| Head coach | Drastamat Muradyan |
| Assistant coach | Albert Harutyunyan |
| Assistant coach | Ara Stepanyan |
# Aliabad-e Olya, South Khorasan

Aliabad-e Olya (Persian: علي ابادعليا, also Romanized as ‘Alīābād-e ‘Olyā; also known as ‘Alīābād, ‘Alīābād-e Bālā, ‘Alīābād Chedān, and ‘Alīābād-e Chodān) is a village in Qaen Rural District, in the Central District of Qaen County, South Khorasan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 263, in 69 families.
# Mull Hill

Meayll Hill (Manx: Cronk Meayll; also called The Mull) is a small hill in the exclave of Rushen parish at the southern end of the Isle of Man, just outside the village of Cregneash. It is the site of a chambered cairn called Meayll Circle or Mull Circle. Near the summit of the hill also lie the remains of a World War II Chain Home Low RDF station.
Meayll Hill Stone Circle is a unique archaeological monument. It consists of twelve burial chambers placed in a ring, with six entrance passages each leading into a pair of chambers. Sherds of ornate pottery, charred bones, flint tools and white quartz pebbles have been found in the burial chambers. It was built around 3500 BC; it is a site of legends, with diverse stories about haunting.
The word Meayll means "bald" in Manx Gaelic.

## Meayll Circle

* The Stone Circle and artifacts
* Three views of an adze, from Meayll Hill
* Worked flints found on Meayll Hill
* Plan of the Meayll Stone Circle
* Meayll Stone Circle from the east
* Meayll Stone Circle, excavated cist
* Meayll Stone Circle, excavated cist (another view)
# Kalkan, Sanandaj

Kalkan (Persian: كلكان, also Romanized as Kalkān, Kalakān, and Kalekān; also known as Kalāhkhān, Kalehkān, and Kulahkān) is a village in Arandan Rural District, in the Central District of Sanandaj County, Kurdistan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 413, in 80 families. The village is populated by Kurds.
# Koreshk, South Khorasan

Koreshk (Persian: كرشك; also known as Qoreysh and Quraish) is a village in Sedeh Rural District, Sedeh District, Qaen County, South Khorasan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 46, in 22 families.
# Wibod

Wibod (or Guibod) (Italian: Wibodo or Guibodo) (died 895) was the Bishop of Parma from 855 until his death. He was, during the reigns of Louis II, Carloman, Charles III, and Berengar I, the most important power-broker in Emilia.
Wibod was a frequent ambassador for Louis II after 860. He and a count named Bernard were the delegates of Louis II who, along with two suburbicarian bishops and a cardinal priest of Pope Hadrian II, formed an embassy to Louis the German at Aachen in October 870. This embassy brought letters confirming Hadrian's support of Louis in the conflict surrounding the succession to Lotharingia and the consecration of Willibert as Archbishop of Cologne. Wibod acted as an ambassador for Louis II and Engelberga again in 872.
Wibod was the first recipient Italian bishop of an extension of his saecular authority of districtio (defence) beyond his city's walls, from Carloman. The extension of temporal episcopal authority in the civitates (cities) and their comitati (counties) became a trend in the 10th century. Wibod was also a recipient of Charles' largess. Charles granted Wibod land around Susinate and Vigonzone. These lands probably served as country homes for the bishop when conferring with Charles while the latter was breaking from royal duties in Pavia.
Wibod was the "highest counsellor" or consiliarius regis of Charles. His influence and power in Italy far exceeded that of the king's favourite and chancellor, Liutward of Vercelli. He consequently attended the West Frankish coronation and imperial assembly at Grand on 20 May 885.
During the contests for the Italian throne following Charles' death in 888, Wibod preferred the German and German-supported candidates over the French ones. He consistently backed Berengar against the Guideschi claimants, but he was won over to the French side by the entreaties of Anselm II, Archbishop of Milan.

## Sources

* Wickham, Chris. Early Medieval Italy: Central Power and Local Society 400-1000. MacMillan Press: 1981.
* MacLean, Simon. Kingship and Politics in the Late Ninth Century: Charles the Fat and the end of the Carolingian Empire. Cambridge University Press: 2003.
* Reuter, Timothy (trans.) The Annals of Fulda. (Manchester Medieval series, Ninth-Century Histories, Volume II.) Manchester: Manchester University Press, 1992.
# Gregorio Ruiz

Gregorio Ruiz (September 7, 1844 – February 9, 1913) was a Mexican general who participated in the Mexican Revolution. He was born in Perote, Veracruz and he died in Mexico City in 1913. He studied at the Heroico Colegio Militar, and by 1864 was a lieutenant of auxiliaries in the Mexican Army. He fought against the French Intervention in Mexico and ensuing empire of Maximilian I of Mexico (1862–1867). He participated in the pacification campaigns of Puebla and Oaxaca in 1876, and in Tepic and Sinaloa in 1877 and 1888.
Ruiz was a leading conspirator in Ten Tragic Days, a ten-day massacre and revolt against President Francisco Madero. Early on in the fighting, Ruiz and several subordinates were captured and executed by federal troops.
# Athanasios Demirtzoglou

Athanasios Demirtzoglou (Greek: Αθανάσιος Δεμιρτζόγλου; born 21 October 1974) is a retired Greek football midfielder.
# Hovtashen, Shirak

40°40′N 43°54′E﻿ / ﻿40.667°N 43.900°E﻿ / 40.667; 43.900
Hovtashen (Armenian: Հովտաշեն) is a village in the Artik Municipality of the Shirak Province of Armenia.
# Pelinów, Białobrzegi County

Pelinów is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Promna, within Białobrzegi County, Masovian Voivodeship, in east-central Poland.
# Citizen Rally (Republic of the Congo)

The Citizen Rally (French: Rassemblement citoyen) is a political party in the Republic of the Congo. The party was founded in March 1998 and its President is Claude Alphonse Nsilou, who has served in the government since 2002.
In the parliamentary election held on June 24 and August 5, 2007, the party won one out of 137 seats. Nsilou, who won in the second constituency of Bacongo (part of Brazzaville), was the only member of the RC to win a seat.
# Marchastel, Lozère

Marchastel (French pronunciation:; Occitan: Marchastèl) is a commune in the Lozère department in southern France.
# Monro MacCloskey

Monro MacCloskey (May 28, 1902 – January 29, 1983) was a Brigadier General in the United States Air Force.

## Early life

MacCloskey was born on May 28, 1902, at Fort Worden to Brigadier General Manus MacCloskey and Sara Monro.

## Military career

MacCloskey graduated from the United States Military Academy at West Point in 1924 and joined the Field Artillery in the United States Army as a Second Lieutenant. He resigned his commission in 1929 but joined the Air Corps of the National Guard. He was called up for active duty in February 1941.
During World War II, he served with the Twelfth Air Force and the Mediterranean Air Command before assuming command of the 885th Bombardment Squadron and the 2641st Special Group.
Following the war, he was assigned to the Pentagon and was named air attaché in Paris, France. His later commands included the 28th Air Division. MacCloskey was a close friend of Air Force Chief of Staff Hoyt Vandenberg, and assisted in the organization of Vandenberg's funeral in 1954.
MacCloskey's retirement from the Air Force was effective as of July 1, 1957. He then joined the Avco Manufacturing Company at their Crosley Broadcasting Corporation division.

## Awards

The awards he received during his career included the Silver Star, the Legion of Merit, the Distinguished Flying Cross, the Air Medal with silver oak leaf cluster and two bronze oak leaf clusters, as well as the Croix de Guerre and the Legion of Honour of France.

## Death and legacy

He died on January 29, 1983, in Washington, District of Columbia. He was buried at Arlington National Cemetery alongside his father.
# Beheshti, Kerman

Beheshti (Persian: بهشتي, also Romanized as Beheshtī) is a village in Rigan Rural District, in the Central District of Rigan County, Kerman Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 95, in 17 families.
# Perki

Perki is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Mała Wieś, within Płock County, Masovian Voivodeship, in east-central Poland. It lies approximately 29 kilometres (18 mi) east of Płock and 68 km (42 mi) north-west of Warsaw.
# Pianki, Masovian Voivodeship

Pianki is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Rościszewo, within Sierpc County, Masovian Voivodeship, in east-central Poland. It lies approximately 8 kilometres (5 mi) north-east of Sierpc and 119 km (74 mi) north-west of Warsaw.
# Pianowo-Bargły

Pianowo-Bargły is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Nasielsk, within Nowy Dwór County, Masovian Voivodeship, in east-central Poland.