OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Butheric

Butheric (German: Butherich; Latin: Buthericus; died 390) was a Roman general of Gothic descent. Under the reign of emperor Theodosius I, Butheric was stationed in Thessalonica as a magister militum. According to Sozomen, in June of the year 390 he had a famous circus charioteer arrested in Thessalonica, who openly practiced pederasty. This was based on the emperor's law which punished "sin against nature" with death. The population reacted violently against the arrest, both for the popularity of the charioteer and for prejudices against Goths. Butheric was lynched by the mob in the circus. In retaliation, Theodosius authorized his Gothic soldiers to punish the people of city, in what is known as the Massacre of Thessalonica.
# Torra di Furiani

The Tower of Furiani (Corsican: Torra di Furiani) is a Genoese tower located in the commune of Furiani on the Corsica. The square tower stands within the village which is 220 metres (720 ft) above sea level.
The tower was one of a series of defences constructed by the Republic of Genoa between 1530 and 1620 to stem the attacks by Barbary pirates.
In 1987 the tower was listed as one of the official historical monuments of France.
# Bilal Khan (actor)

Bilal Khan (Urdu: بلال خان) (15 August 1978 – 14 August 2010) was a Pakistani television actor and model, known for some of his lead roles in major Pakistani drama serials. Khan previously acted in Pakistani movies and the ATV serials such as Dehli kay Bankay and Pal Bhar Mein. He came to prominence after starring in the 2002 Lollywood release Pehla Sajda.
On 11 August 2010, Khan was critically injured during an accidental gas explosion while on set in Islamabad, where he was shooting. He died from his injuries a day before his 32nd birthday, on 14 August 2010. One of his last roles was a guest appearance in the 2010 drama serial Dastaan.
# Aubert Vanderlinden

Aubert Vanderlinden is an international award winning ballet dancer and choreographer, he was born in 1985, in Uccle, Belgium.
After starting ballet with Piotr Nardelli in Brussels, Aubert Vanderlinden continued his classes at the Paris Opera Ballet school and later on, joined the prestigious ballet company in 2003.
During the season 2004-2005, we could particularly appreciate his talent in the creation of Suzanne Linke ich bin.... With the Paris Opera Ballet, he performed ballets by George Balanchine, Jerome Robbins, William Forsythe, Patrice Bart, Rudolf Noureev and so on. In 2006, Aubert makes his "debut" as a choreographer at the Bastille opera with a piece entitled "In Memoriam".
Among other awards and prizes, Aubert Vanderlinden won the Bronze medal in the senior category of the 22nd international ballet competition of Varna, in Bulgaria.
In 2007, Aubert Vanderlinden joined the San Francisco Ballet. Among other pieces, he danced a principal role in the creation the ruins proclaim the building was beautiful.. choreographed by James Kudelka at the occasion of the new works festival 2008 organized for the 75th anniversary of the San Francisco Ballet, he also danced Ibsen's House of Val Caniparoli created for the same occasion. In San Francisco, Aubert Vanderlinden performed ballets by Antony Tudor, Helgi Tomasson, Jerome Robbins, Yuri Possokhov and so on.
In 2009, Aubert Vanderlinden joined the Dutch National Ballet, he choreographed a piece entitled "Satyriasis" for the 2010 New Moves program of the company.
# Zheltura

Zheltura (Russian: Желтура; Buryat: Зэлтэр, Zelter) is a rural locality (a selo) in Dzhidinsky District, Republic of Buryatia, Russia. The population was 427 as of 2010. There are 4 streets.

## Geography

Zheltura is located 31 km southwest of Petropavlovka (the district's administrative centre) by road. Tengerek is the nearest rural locality.
# Chebsin

The Chebsin or Tsopsin (Adyghe: ЦIопсынэ, romanized: Ts'opsınə) were a Circassian tribe. They were destroyed in the Circassian genocide following the Russo-Circassian War.

## Etymology

Tsopsin in translation from Adyghe means "shining spring".

## History

The Chebsins were recognized in the historiography and ethnography of the Caucasus until the end of the Russian-Circassian War.
In the aftermath of the Russo-Circassian War, with the Chebsin people's land occupied, the survivors migrated to Natukhaj. During the ensuing Circassian genocide, the Natukhaj were exterminated. The few survivors migrated to Turkey, where they were assimilated into other tribes or the Turks.
After the end of the Russian-Circassian War, the Chebsins were no longer mentioned, as they were destroyed in the Circassian genocide. The dialect of the Adyghe language was also lost.

## Mentions by historians and travelers

1857 - Lyulie, Leonty Yakovlevich wrote:
   "...The Chebsins, relatives of the Zhaneys, are now only a memory, giving their names to one of the valleys adjacent to the Black Sea. They were mostly destroyed, now they have merged with the Natukhaj..."
1871 - Russian historian, academician, lieutenant general Nikolai Fedorovich Dubrovin wrote:
   "...Among the Natukhaj, people of three other Adyghe tribes were destroyed and merged: Chebsin, Khegayk, and Khatuq or Adale, who lived on the Taman peninsula, now scattered in different places among the Natukhaj people..."
# Nort-Leulinghem

Nort-Leulinghem (West Flemish: Noordleulingem) is a commune in the Pas-de-Calais department in the Hauts-de-France region of France.

## Geography

Nort-Leulinghem is locates about 9 miles (14 km) northwest of Saint-Omer, at the junction of the D191 and the D221 roads, half a mile from the A26 autoroute.

## Places of interest

* The church of St. André, dating from the sixteenth century.
# Steve Christensen

Steve Christensen (born April 23, 1978) is a Grammy Award winning American recording engineer, record producer and musician.

## Career

Christensen began his recording career in Houston, Texas at SugarHill Recording Studios in 1998 as an intern and quickly moved up to lead engineer by 2000. His work includes international touring as live sound engineer for Destiny's Child and studio albums by Jermaine Dupri, Cash Money Records, Steve Earle, Khruangbin and Robert Ellis. Christensen operates his own studio in downtown Houston, Texas.

## Awards and nominations

* Grammy Award for Best Contemporary Folk Album: 2009, for Steve Earle – "Townes"

## Selected discography

| Year | Title | Artist | Credits |
| 2024 | A La Sala | Khruangbin | Audio engineer, Mixing engineer, record producer |
| 2022 | Ali | Khruangbin & Vieux Farka Touré | Audio engineer, Mixing engineer, record producer |
| 2022 | Texas Moon | Khruangbin | Audio engineer, Mixing engineer, record producer |
| 2020 | Mordechai | Khruangbin | Audio engineer, Mixing engineer, record producer |
| 2020 | Texas Sun | Khruangbin & Leon Bridges | Audio engineer, Mixing engineer, record producer |
| 2018 | Con Todo el Mundo | Khruangbin | Audio engineer, Mixing engineer, record producer |
| 2017 | Transient Lullaby | The Mastersons | Audio engineer, Mixing engineer |
| 2017 | I Got Your Medicine | Shinyribs | Audio engineer, Mixing engineer |
| 2016 | Revelations of a Mind Unraveling | Lincoln Durham | Audio engineer, Mixing engineer |
| 2016 | Robert Ellis | Robert Ellis | Audio engineer |
| 2015 | The Universe Smiles Upon You | Khruangbin | Audio engineer, Mixing engineer, record producer |
| 2012 | Cabin Fever | Corb Lund | Audio engineer, Mixing engineer, record producer |
| 2011 | Photographs | Robert Ellis | Audio engineer, Mixing engineer, record producer |
| 2009 | Townes | Steve Earle | Audio engineer |
# Overseas Visitors Records Offices

Overseas Visitors Records Offices were police departments across the United Kingdom from 1915 to 2022. The best known example was that for the Metropolitan Police District (MPD), known from 1915 to the 1990s as the Aliens Registration Office.
They were initially set up to administer restrictions on and registration of enemy aliens living in the UK as stipulated in the Aliens Restriction Act 1914, but were continued post-war for all unnaturalised foreign residents. Until Brexit some categories, such as European Union citizens, were exempt and on 4 August 2022 the Home Office suspended the requirement to register, effectively abolishing the Offices.

## Aliens Registration Office

It was established in 1915 within C5 Branch, part of 'C' Department of the Metropolitan Police's central administration, succeeding an Emergency Department set up to fulfil the same role straight after the passing of the Act the previous year. Run by civil staff rather than police officers, it kept records with photographs of adult aliens looking for or holding a job for over three months or who remained in the MPD for over six months.
Some of the Office's records are held at the National Archives. It was based in the former Vine Street Police Station during the Second World War and at Brandon House, 180 Borough High Street from 1999 to 2022.
# Edirne Şehir railway station

Edirne Şehir railway station (Turkish: Edirne Şehir Tren İstasyonu) is the smaller of the two railway stations in Edirne. The station has one side platform servicing one track and was opened in 1971, along with the Edirne cut-off. Edirne Şehir is serviced by one train a day, the Istanbul-Kapıkule Regional.
# Kosmos 1805

Kosmos 1805 (Russian: Космос 1805 meaning Cosmos 1805) was a Soviet electronic intelligence satellite which was launched in 1986. The first of four Tselina-R satellites to fly, it was constructed by Yuzhnoye with its ELINT payload manufactured by TsNII-108 GKRE. Since it ceased operations it has remained in orbit as space junk, and in April 2012 NASA's Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope was forced to maneuver to avoid a collision with the derelict satellite.

## Overview

Kosmos 1805 was launched at 07:30 UTC on December 10, 1986 atop a Tsyklon-3 rocket flying from Site 32/2 at the Plesetsk Cosmodrome. Following its successful launch, the satellite was given its Kosmos designation, along with international designator 1986-097A, and Satellite Catalog Number 17191. By 9 January 1987, the satellite was in an orbit with a perigee of 634 kilometres (394 mi), an apogee of 662 kilometres (411 mi), 82.5 degrees of inclination, and an orbital period of 97.68 minutes.

## Near-collision with Fermi Space Observatory

On April 30, 2013, it was announced that Fermi space observatory narrowly avoided a collision with Kosmos 1805 one year previous, in April 2012. Orbital predictions several days earlier indicated that the two satellites were expected to occupy the same point in space within 30 milliseconds of each other. On April 3, 2012 telescope operators decided to stow the satellite's high-gain parabolic antenna, rotate the solar panels out of the way and fire Fermi's rocket thrusters for one second to move it out of the way. Even though the thrusters had been idle since the telescope had been placed in orbit nearly five years earlier, they worked correctly. After the danger passed, Fermi initiated a one-second thruster burn to return to position.
# Anti-Terrorism Act (Canada)

The Anti-terrorism Act (French: Loi antiterroriste) is an Act passed by the Parliament of Canada in response to the September 11, 2001, attacks in the United States. It received Royal Assent on December 18, 2001, as Bill C-36 of the 37th Canadian Parliament. The "omnibus bill" extended the powers of government and institutions within the Canadian security establishment to respond to the threat of terrorism.
The expanded powers were highly controversial due to widely perceived incompatibility with the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms, in particular for the Act's provisions allowing for 'secret' trials, preemptive detention and expansive security and surveillance powers. This Act enables the List of Terrorist Entities under its section 83.05.

## History

It was opposed by Parliamentarians Marjory LeBreton and Andrew Telegdi, amongst others.
Some of the bill's provisions were set to expire on March 1, 2007. The Harper government urged that these be renewed, while all three opposition parties were opposed. Specifically, the provisions had to do with preventative arrest and investigative hearings. On February 28, 2007, the House of Commons voted 159–124 against renewing the provisions, which later led to their expiry, as originally planned in the sunset clause.
In January 2010, Zakaria Amara, from Mississauga, a suspect in the 2006 Toronto terrorism case, was sentenced to imprisonment for life. This sentence was the stiffest given so far under the Act. Saad Gaya from Oakville, a fellow suspect in the same case, was sentenced to 12 years in prison.
In 2012, the Government of Canada introduced in the Senate of Canada Bill S-7, the Combating Terrorism Act, which was to renew the expired provisions for a new five-year term, and introduced new crimes for leaving Canada to join or train with a terror group. The bill also increased the maximum prison sentences for some offences related to harbouring suspected terrorists. On April 19, just after the Boston Marathon bombing, the government rearranged the Parliamentary agenda to fast-track Bill S-7 to a vote on April 22 or 23, 2013. The Act received royal assent on April 25, 2013.
On the first anniversary of the 7 October Hamas-led attack on Israel in a speech to a Jewish group, opposition leader Pierre Poilievre called upon the federal government to list western Yemen’s Houthi movement as a terrorist organization in Canada, according to section 83.05 of the Act.

## Reactions

The Act's passage has been compared to the government's activation of the War Measures Act in accordance to terrorist activity by the FLQ.
Criminal defense lawyer David Paciocco opposed it at the time of its passage.
Ziyad Mia, of the Toronto Muslim Lawyers Association, "questioned whether the definition of terrorist activity would apply to a group that resisted, by acts of violence, the regimes of Saddam Hussein or Robert Mugabe," and pointed out that it criminalized the French Resistance and Nelson Mandela.
# Herwig Görgemanns

Herwig Görgemanns (born 2 September 1931) is a German classicist, former professor and emeritus of classical philology at Heidelberg University.
In Würzburg he presented his dissertation in classical philology: contributions to the interpretation of Plato's Laws (1959). With an analysis on Plutarch's dialogue "De facie in orbe luna" he habilitated in 1965 in Heidelberg. His teacher was Franz Dirlmeier. In 1967/1968 he was a Fellow at the Center for Hellenic Studies at Harvard University. In 1972 Görgemanns became Professor for classical philology at Heidelberg University. In 1997 he retired.
His focus was on Greek philology, especially Plato. In this context he presented a hypothesis on a possible historical core of Plato's Atlantis story.
Together with church historian Heinrich Karpp (1908–1997) he translated Peri archon/De principiis by Origenes.
One of his students is the Plutarch researcher Rainer Hirsch-Luipold, Göttingen.

## Partial bibliography

* Beiträge zur Interpretation von Platons Nomoi (= Zetemata. issue 25). Munich 1960.
* Untersuchungen zu Plutarchs Dialog „De facie in orbe lunae“ (= Bibliothek der klassischen Altertumswissenschaften. Bd. 33). Heidelberg 1970.
* Origenes: Vier Bücher von den Prinzipien (= Texte zur Forschung Vol. 24). Darmstadt 1976. ISBN 3-534-00593-7.
* Platon. Heidelberg 1994. ISBN 3-8253-0203-2.
* Platon und die atlantische Insel. Die Entstehung eines Geschichtsmythos, in: Hellenische Mythologie: Vorgeschichte. Die Hellenen und ihre Nachbarn von der Vorgeschichte bis zur klassischen Periode. Tagung, 9.–11.12.1994, Ohlstadt, Oberbayern, Deutschland. Altenburg 1996, pp. 107–124.
* Wahrheit und Fiktion in Platons Atlantis-Erzählung, in: Hermes No. 128 / 2000; pp. 405–420.
# Français du Monde–ADFE

French of the World – Democratic Association of French Abroad (French: Français du Monde – Association démocratique des Français de l'étranger, Français du Monde–ADFE), sometimes abbreviated as FdM–ADFE, is a French organisation representing French people living outside France with a worldwide presence. It was established in 1980.
It was quite active in obtaining in 1982 the right for French citizens living overseas to elect their own representatives to a consultative assembly, the Conseil Superieur des Français de l'Etranger (CSFE), the denomination of which was modified in 2004 in "Assemblée des Français de l'étranger" (AFE), electing twelve senators to the French Senate. While the groups in the AFE are not affiliated directly with French political parties, the ADFE generally espouses values belonging to the left-wing. One of its main proposals, to allow French citizens overseas to elect members of the National Assembly of France, was accepted and became reality in 2012.
The ADFE encourages and assists voter registration for presidential elections and referendums. The ADFE, which is not a political party, extends assistance to French citizens overseas in various fields, especially in those related to social help, education and to dealings with consular offices, such as changes of status, issue of documents, pensions, and similar matters.
# Sarah Milkovich

Sarah Milkovich is lead of Science Operations for the Mars 2020 rover at Jet Propulsion Laboratory. She was investigation scientist for the HiRISE camera on the Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter.

## Education

Milkovich grew up in Ithaca, New York. Here she became interested in astronomy watching TV specials about spacecraft of Nova and PBS, and during vacations in northern Minnesota. She used to watch the Perseid Meteor Shower with her parents. Milkovich attended Phillips Exeter Academy, which she graduated in 1996. Whilst a high school student, she worked as an intern for the NEAR Shoemaker spacecraft. She earned a bachelor's degree in planetary science at California Institute of Technology in 2000. She moved to Brown University, where she earned a master's degree and PhD in planetary geology in 2005.

## Career

Milkovich joined the NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory after completed her PhD. There she has worked on the Mars Phoenix landing spacecraft, the Cassini–Huygens mission and Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter. Her first rover was Curiosity, for which she was responsible for high-resolution imaging using HiRISE. She was most proud of the Mars Science Laboratory parachute image of Curiosity's landing. HiRISE allowed Milkovich and scientists to take turns to choose where images were taken, and took suggestions from the public. She featured on C-SPAN representing NASA to talk about developments in Curiosity.
Milkovich is the lead Science systems Engineer for Jet Propulsion Laboratory's Mars 2020 rover. The rover is estimated to cost $2 billion.
She regularly appears on online science podcasts and videos. She visits schools and gives public talks to inspire the next generation of scientists and engineers. She has been a keynote speaker at Dragon Con in 2016 and 2018.
# Mulga Rock

Mulga Rock (also called Mulga Rocks) is a proven uranium deposit in Western Australia which contains Australia's third largest undeveloped uranium resource.
The uranium deposits were discovered between 1978 and 1998 by PNC Exploration Australia, a Japanese government-owned company. The deposits are named Emperor, Shogun, Ambassador and Princess.
The project is owned by the ASX-listed company, Vimy Resources. Test pits were dug at the site in 2016 and the mine received approval on 16 December 2016. In September 2020, the company announced that all of its required environmental management plans had been accepted by the Government of Western Australia. The project's environmental and indigenous cultural impacts and economic projections have been criticised by the Australian Conservation Foundation, the Conservation Council of Western Australia and The Australia Institute respectively.
# 2007 Songkhla bombings

The 2007 Songkhla bombings took place in Songkhla Province, Thailand on 27 and 28 May 2007, and are believed to be part of the ongoing south Thailand insurgency. At least four people were killed and 36 were injured.
The explosions started in Hat Yai when a string of seven bomb blasts that injured 13 people in Hat Yai. Most of the bombs were hidden in garbage bins and detonated nearly at the same time starting at 21:00. But one bomb was hurled into JB Hat Yai Hotel and another exploded in front of Hat Yai Garden Hotel.
The following day, a bomb exploded in front of a busy market in the Saba Yoi. The bomb, which exploded shortly after 16:00, was hidden in a motorcycle parked in front of the market next to a railway station. The motorcycle was destroyed by the blast, and a nearby car damaged, as were dozens of stalls belonging to fruit and vegetable vendors. The bombs were the first terrorist attacks in Songkhla since the south Thailand insurgency reignited in November 2004.
# Switched mesh

A switched mesh is a type of wireless mesh network network that uses multiple dedicated radios to communicate between each neighboring node in the mesh via dedicated mesh backhaul links. Nodes in a switched mesh use separate access and backhaul radios.
Each dedicated mesh link is on a separate channel, ensuring that forwarded traffic does not use any bandwidth from any other link in the mesh. At each mesh point, traffic is "switched" from one channel to the next, giving rise to the name. As a result, a switched mesh is capable of much higher capacities and transmission rates than a shared mesh and grows in capacity as nodes are added to the mesh. All of the available bandwidth of each separate radio channel is dedicated to the link to the neighboring node, meaning that total available bandwidth is the sum of the bandwidth of each of the links.

## Context in wireless mesh networking

Switched mesh is one of three distinct types of configuration of wireless mesh networking products in the market today:
* single radio shared mesh – in the first type one radio provides both backhaul (packet relaying) and client services (access to a laptop).
* dual radio shared mesh – in the second type one radio relays packets over multiple hops while another provides client access. This significantly improves backhaul bandwidth and latency.
* switched mesh – the third type uses two or more radios for the backhaul for higher bandwidth and low latency. Third generation wireless mesh networking products are replacing previous generation products as more demanding applications like voice and video need to be relayed over many hops in the mesh network.
# Verkhny Kurchali

43°00′N 46°11′E﻿ / ﻿43.000°N 46.183°E﻿ / 43.000; 46.183
Verkhny Kurchali (Russian: Верхние Курчали, Chechen: Лаккха-Курчалa, Lakqa-Kurçala) is a rural locality (a selo) in Vedensky District, Chechnya.

## Administrative and municipal status

Municipally, Verkhny Kurchali is incorporated into Kurchalinskoye rural settlement. It is the administrative center of the municipality and is one of the six settlements included in it.

## Geography

Verkhny Kurchali is located on the left bank of the Gums River. It is 40 kilometres (25 mi) north-east of Vedeno.
The nearest settlements to Verkhny Kurchali are Bas-Gordan and Gordali in the north-east, Sredny Kurchali and Nizhny Kurchali in the north-west, Yukarchoy-Gonkha in the south, Ersenoy in the south-west, Barze in the south-west, and Mesedoy in the west.

## History

In 1944, after the genocide and deportation of the Chechen and Ingush people and the Chechen-Ingush ASSR was abolished, the village of Verkhny Kurchali was renamed to Verkhny Kolob, and settled by ethnic Avars from the neighboring republic of Dagestan. From 1944 to 1958, it was a part of the Vedensky District of the Dagestan ASSR.
In 1958, after the Vaynakh people returned and the Chechen-Ingush ASSR was restored, the village regained its old Chechen name, Verkhny Kurchali.

## Population

* 1990 Census: 270
* 2002 Census: 0
* 2010 Census: 218
* 2019 estimate: ?
The village had been abandoned due to the Chechen wars at the 2002 census, but many people had returned by 2010.