OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# A20 road (Northern Ireland)

The A20 is a road in County Down in Northern Ireland. It runs from Belfast to Newtownards and on to Portaferry.
Beginning as the Newtownards Road at the junction of Bridge End close to Belfast city centre, the road runs in an easterly direction through east Belfast. The early parts of the road are mainly working-class Protestant districts with strong links to the nearby Harland & Wolff shipyard. After the junction of the Holywood Road, it becomes the Upper Newtownards Road and enters the middle-class areas of Ballyhackamore, Knock and Stormont, where it passes the Parliament Buildings.
After leaving Belfast and passing through Dundonald, the road becomes a dual carriageway, passing through a mainly agricultural area before arriving in Newtownards.
After Newtownards, the road follows the Strangford Lough shore to Portaferry, close to the end of the Ards Peninsula. Here, a ferry service is available to Strangford. In Portaferry the road joins the A2 coast road.
# Rio Liberdade State Forest

The Rio Liberdade State Forest (Portuguese: Florestal Estadual do Rio Liberdade) is a state forest in the state of Acre, Brazil.

## Location

The Rio Liberdade State Forest is in the municipality of Tarauacá in the state of Acre. It has an area of 126,360 hectares (312,200 acres). The forest is bounded to the north by the BR-364 highway and the Mogno State Forest. To the west it adjoins the Riozinho da Liberdade Extractive Reserve. The Igarapé Tarauaê, a tributary of the Gregório River, rises in the forest and flow to the northeast.

## History

The Rio Liberdade State Forest was created on 9 March 2004. The consultative council for the Rio Gregório State Forest complex was created by decree on 19 September 2008. This covers the Rio Gregório, Mogno and Rio Liberdade state forests, all of which had been created on the same date. The governor installed the council members in April 2012.

## People and economy

As of April 2012 there were 422 families in the Rio Gregório Forest Complex, which covered 480,000 hectares (1,200,000 acres) in total. The state's Department of Industry, Trade and Sustainable Services (SEDENS) had a number of plans for the complex. These included providing two new trucks to support the communities, making football fields in each community, providing coordinators to arrange meetings, resuming production of tree seedlings and providing assistance with family farming, small livestock and fish farming. Each family would get a concession of 100 hectares (250 acres) of which 20% could be cleared and the remainder used in a sustainable way. Wood processing factories were to be built in Cruzeiro do Sul and Tarauacá.
# Noirmoutier Bridge

The Noirmoutier Bridge (French: Pont de Noirmoutier) is a bridge located on the west coast of France in the department of Vendée, built in the early 1970s to connect the island of Noirmoutier to the mainland. Before it opened, a maritime shuttle service ran between the La Fosse pier on the island and Fromentine pier on the mainland.

## Description

The bridge connects the towns of Barbâtre, on the south of the island of Noirmoutier, to La Barre-de-Monts, on the north-Vendée mainland coast, and crosses the Strait of Fromentine. Built by the Dumez and Sacer companies under the project management and financial direction of the department, its first stone was laid on 12 May 1969 in Fromentine and it was opened to traffic on 7 July 1971, in order to provide a replacement for the passage du Gois (a submersible roadway at high tide). An enamel plaque was placed at the top against the railing to recall the event.
In 1977, an increase in the toll rate led to demonstrations by island users, with traffic blockading the entrances to the bridge, raising of barricades and the intervention of a company of CRS in response. The toll was removed from 1 July 1994.
After an appraisal carried out in 2016, restoration work aimed in particular at a better waterproofing of the concrete has been carried out since 2017.

## Technical characteristics

The technical characteristics of the Noirmoutier bridge are as follows:
* Total length: 583 m (1,913 ft)
* Main central span: 88 m (289 ft)
* Deck width: 13.50 m (44.3 ft)
* Height under main apron: 24 m (79 ft)
* Mainland access viaduct: 4 continuous spans with a span of 55 m (180 ft)
* Main viaduct: 3 continuous spans 55–88–55 m (180–289–180 ft)
* Access viaduct on the island side: 3 continuous spans with a span of 55 m (180 ft).
The deck is made up of two box girders assembled in prestressed concrete 3.80 m (12.5 ft) wide with 1.32 m (4 ft 4 in) cantilevers. These two prefabricated caissons are connected by a slab poured in place 0.80 m (2 ft 7 in) wide.
The piles are largely based in the ground, to rest on solid ground. The foundations are approximately double the visible height of the piers. These are hollow, except those of the central bay, in anticipation of possible collisions with boats.
The construction was carried out by assembling the segments using a launching gantry making it possible to pose the corbelling symmetrically on each side of the supports. The 258 prefabricated segments unit weight is approximately 50 tonnes.
The manufacture of the piers used 4,000 m$^3$ (140,000 cu ft) of concrete, 13,500 m$^2$ (145,000 sq ft) of formwork and 250 tonnes of high-grade steel. The deck required 4,500 m$^3$ (160,000 cu ft) of concrete, 160 tonnes of reinforced concrete steel and 180 tonnes of steel cables for the prestressing.
# Tutlar

Tutlar (Russian: Тутлар; Chechen: Дитташка, Dittaşka) is a rural locality (a selo) in Adilotarsky Selsoviet, Khasavyurtovsky District, Republic of Dagestan, Russia. Population: 505 (2010 Census); 451 (2002 Census); 311 (1989 Soviet census). There are 14 streets.

## Geography

Tutlar is located 39 km north of Khasavyurt (the district's administrative centre) by road. Adilotar is the nearest rural locality.
# Lyubimets Nunatak

Lyubimets Nunatak (Bulgarian: нунатак Любимец, ‘Nunatak Lyubimets’ \'nu-na-tak lyu-'bi-mets\) is the partly ice-covered rocky ridge extending 3.9 km in north-northeast to south-southwest direction and 1.8 km wide, rising to 963 m in Bartók Glacier on the west side of Elgar Uplands in northern Alexander Island, Antarctica. The feature is named after the town of Lyubimets in Southern Bulgaria.

## Location

The ridge is located at 69°42′37″S 70°57′46″W﻿ / ﻿69.71028°S 70.96278°W﻿ / -69.71028; -70.96278, which is 6.27 km northwest of Mount Pinafore, 5.62 km northeast of Appalachia Nunataks and 3.9 km south-southwest of Kozhuh Peak.

## Maps

* British Antarctic Territory. Scale 1:200000 topographic map. DOS 610 – W 69 70. Tolworth, UK, 1971
* Antarctic Digital Database (ADD). Scale 1:250000 topographic map of Antarctica. Scientific Committee on Antarctic Research (SCAR). Since 1993, regularly upgraded and updated
# Boombamela

Boombamela (Hebrew: בומבמלה) is a formerly New Age-oriented and more recently mainstream festival held annually on Chol HaMoed Pesach (Intermediate Days of Passover) in Israel since 1999. The inspiration for the festival is the Hindu festival of Kumbh Mela. Its organizers have described it as "a place for meeting, experiencing, crossing borders and transcending social limitations through music, creation, and connection with nature." The festival is located on the remote sandy Nitzanim beach, between Ashdod and Ashkelon.
The festival has risen in popularity and prominence over the years and is now perhaps the most famous of Israel's festivals (challenged only by Tel Aviv's summer Love Parade). The seventh Boombamela, in 2005, attracted 36,000 visitors - the third highest, after 2004's 41,000 and 2003's 37,500. More and more foreigners have taken note of the festival, and a visitor will often hear various other tongues being spoken beside Hebrew.

## Transportation

There are organized bus services from all over Israel to Tel Aviv specially, and from there, organized bus rides to Nitzanim Beach.

## Activities

Boombamela features many performing bands on several sound stages, during the day as well the night, and dance clubs which operate around the clock. A great variety of music genres can be heard at the festival, including reggae, trance, hip-hop, Indian Ragas, and rock.
The festival grounds, sprawling over hundreds of dunam, are divided into villages (such as the spiritual village, where people may rest in a tent and listen to the teachings of Indian Gurus) and areas (for example, the performance area or the camping area), and there are also restaurants, shops and bathroom and shower facilities. Apart from the publicly stretch of seashore, there is a sequestered nudist beach and a family beach, which are not adjacent. There is, for the purpose of socializing or "suture" many chai shops, with pillows provided.
For those wishing to observe Passover or Shabbat during the event, kosher food is available. Prayer services are held at Ohel Ahava V'Teffila (Tent of Love and Prayer) located in the Neo-Hippy Chassidic Religious Camp and outside of the main ground at the Chabad Tent, respectively.
# Hovhannes Danielyan

Hovhannes Danielyan (Armenian: Հովհաննես Դանիելյան, born April 11, 1987, in Armenian SSR) is an Armenian light flyweight amateur boxer. He is a European Champion and Olympian.

## Career

Danielyan won a bronze medal at the 2004 Junior World Amateur Boxing Championships in Jeju. Danielyan won a bronze medal at the 2006 European Amateur Boxing Championships in Plovdiv. He reached the quarterfinals of the 2007 World Amateur Boxing Championships, and thus qualified for the upcoming Olympics. At the 2008 Summer Olympics, Danielyan beat Thomas Essomba in the first round before, but lost to Birzhan Zhakypov in the following round. Danielyan won a gold medal at the 2008 European Amateur Boxing Championships in Liverpool. He defeated Jose de la Nieve Linares in the finals. Danielyan, along with Eduard Hambardzumyan, became the first boxers from the independent Armenia to become European Champions. He also won a bronze medal at the 2010 European Amateur Boxing Championships in Moscow. Danielyan became an Armenian Champion in 2010 and 2012.
# Semyonovskaya, Totemsky District, Vologda Oblast

Semyonovskaya (Russian: Семёновская) is a rural locality (a village) in Vozhbalskoye Rural Settlement, Totemsky District, Vologda Oblast, Russia. The population was 4 as of 2002.

## Geography

Semyonovskaya is located 70 km northwest of Totma (the district's administrative centre) by road. Ilyukhinskaya is the nearest rural locality.
# The Pre-Party

The Pre-Party is the eleventh extended play by American rapper Juice Wrld. It was released posthumously on September 9, 2024, by Grade A Productions and Interscope Records. It features a sole guest appearance from American rapper Young Thug. The EP follows his fourth studio album, Fighting Demons (2021), and is expected to serve as a teaser to his upcoming fifth studio album, The Party Never Ends. An extended edition of the EP was released on October 14, 2024 and featured two new songs.
# İske Esläk

İske Esläk (Tatar: Иске Эсләк, romanized: İske Esläk) is a rural locality (a selo) in Ägerce District, Tatarstan. The population was 380 as of 2010. İske Esläk is located 80 km from Ägerce, district's administrative centre, and 352 km from Ԛazan, republic's capital, by road. The earliest known record of the settlement dates from 16th century. There are 4 streets in the village.
# Province of Girona

The Province of Girona (Catalan: província de Girona; Spanish: provincia de Gerona) is a province in the northeastern part of the autonomous community of Catalonia, Spain. It is bordered on the northwest by the province of Lleida, on the southwest by the province of Barcelona, on the north by France (Pyrénées-Orientales), and on the east by the Mediterranean Sea.
The population of the province in 2016 was 739,607. Its capital and largest city is Girona, with an urban area (including the neighbouring municipalities of Salt, Sarrià de Ter and Vilablareix) representing, with a total population of 144,709, 19.2% of the population. The Girona area acts as an industrial, commercial and service hub for a significant part of the province.

## Municipalities of Girona

The province has 222 municipalities, including Girona city (population 96,722), Figueres (pop. 44,765), Lloret de Mar (pop. 40,282), Blanes (pop. 39,834), Olot (33,725), Salt (pop. 30,389), Palafrugell (pop. 22,816) and Sant Feliu de Guíxols (pop. 21,814), as well as some significant and historical towns such as Banyoles, Besalú, Cadaqués, Camprodon, Palamós, Puigcerdà or Ripoll.
The municipality of Llívia, which is an exclave separated from the rest of Spain and surrounded by France, is also officially part of this province.

## Comarques of Girona

Since the division by provinces in Spain and the division by comarques in Catalonia do not completely match, the term comarques of the province of Girona is not accurate. However, a list of the comarques that are included—totally or partially—in the province of Girona can be made:
* Fully included:
** l'Alt Empordà
** el Baix Empordà
** la Garrotxa
** el Gironès
** el Pla de l'Estany
** el Ripollès
* Partially included:
** la Selva (all municipalities except Fogars de la Selva)
** la Cerdanya (only its eastern half)
** Osona (this comarca is generally not listed as part of Girona, since only three of its municipalities are part of this province: Espinelves, Vidrà and Viladrau)

## Composition of the Provincial Deputation

Key to parties
  CUP
  PSUC
  ICV
  ERC
  PSC
  JxCat
  Junts
  CC–UCD
  CiU :
| Election | Distribution |
| 1979 | 4 6 14 |
| 1983 | 1 11 13 |
| 1987 | 8 17 |
| 1991 | 10 17 |
| 1995 | 1 10 16 |
| 1999 | 2 10 15 |
| 2003 | 1 5 9 12 |
| 2007 | 6 9 12 |
| 2011 | 5 7 15 |
| 2015 | 1 8 3 1 14 |
| 2019 | 1 9 4 1 1 11 |
| 2023 | 2 8 5 1 1 10 |

## Population

The historical population is given in the following chart:
Largest groups of foreign residents :
| Nationality | Population (2022) |
| Morocco | 40,569 |
| Romania | 14,377 |
| Honduras | 13,877 |
| The Gambia | 7,593 |
| France | 7,071 |
| Russia | 6,057 |
# Ein Lavan

Ein Lavan (Hebrew: עין לבן) is a spring located in the outskirts of Jerusalem, 2 km east of the Jerusalem Biblical Zoo. It lies in the Judean Mountains.
Ein Lavan springs in the Lavan Ridge, just above the northern bank of Nahal Refaim, and is surrounded by fig trees, walnuts, almonds, carobs, olives, terebinth, and mulberry trees.

## Archaeology

Over the years, the Israel Antiquities Authority conducted several salvage excavations around Ein Lavan and in the valley at its foot. Archaeological remains revealed during excavations indicate the site was intensively used for agriculture since ancient times. According to the excavators, the remains are typical of the rural agricultural hinterland of the southern Levant. The uncovered remains include agricultural terraces and watchtowers, winepresses, quarries, rock-cut tombs, residential caves, irrigation canals, water pools and remains of structures.
The remains indicate that there was continuous human activity at the site from the Iron Age up until the end of the Mandatory period. The spring was used for agriculture by the inhabitants of al-Walaja. Most of the findings that were uncovered were from the Byzantine period and the early Muslim period. They include numerous mosaic stones and fragments of tiles that indicate a public building, fragments of pottery that are mostly dated to the Byzantine and early Muslim periods and a few to the Iron Age, six coins that can be identified: a coin from the years 351-361 (uncertain identification), a coin from the period of Constantine II (355-361); Two coins from the years 383–395, a coin from the Umayyad period after the reform (697-750 CE) and a Mandatory coin (mil) from 1943. In addition, several metal items were found, including a bell with an English inscription and a button of a unit of the British Army from the Mandatory period.

## Development

In 2015, the spring was renovated and the water pools were built and restored by the Jerusalem Municipality and the Nature and Parks Authority as part of the wider Jerusalem Park.
In September 2017, the National Council for Planning and Construction approved the construction of 4,500 housing units on the Lavan ridge above the spring. There have been several concerns raised about the planned construction in Ein Laban that would cut off the flow of water there. In March 2022, Moshe Lion, mayor of Jerusalem, decided to cancel the plan in its original form and promote another alternative that would result in construction on a third of the area that was originally intended for construction. His decision received support from most environmental organizations.
# Screw steamer

A screw steamer or screw steamship (abbreviated "SS") is an old term for a steamship or steamboat powered by a steam engine, using one or more propellers (also known as screws) to propel it through the water. Such a ship was also known as an "iron screw steam ship".
In the 19th century, this designation was normally used in contradistinction to the paddle steamer, a still earlier form of steamship that was largely, but not entirely, superseded by the screw steamer.
Many famous ships were screw steamers, including the RMS Titanic and RMS Lusitania. These massive leviathans had three or four propellers. Ships under two hundred meters in length usually only had two or one propellers.

## Development

Following a number of smaller experimental boats and ships in the mid and late 1830s, the first screw powered ocean-going ship was the British SS Archimedes of 1839, using a propeller designed by Francis Smith based on his 1835 patent.
In 1844, Thomas Clyde partnered with British-based Swedish inventor John Ericsson to apply his screw-propeller to steam vessels. After several experimental versions, Clyde launched the twin-screw propeller steamer John S. McKim making it the first screw steamer built in the United States for commercial use.
# Karien Robbers

Karien Robbers (born 16 August 1993) is a Dutch rower. She competed in the women's coxless pair event at the 2016 Summer Olympics.
# Anthony Evans (skier)

Anthony Evans (born 27 May 1969) is a former Australian cross-country skier, who represented Australia at three Olympics from the 1992 Winter Olympics to the 1998 Winter Olympics.
At the 1992 Olympics, Evans competed in the 30 km classic, 15 km free pursuit and 10 km classic pursuit. He came 54th, 39th and 37th out of 82, 99 and 110 entrants. In 1994, he competed in the 50 km, 15 km free pursuit and 10 km classic. He came 47th, 57th and 51st out of 61, 74 and 88 entries. In 1994, he competed in the 50 km free pursuit, 30 km classic, 15 km free pursuit and 10 km classic. He came 48th, 51st, 55th and 66th out of 75, 72, 74 and 97 entries. His efforts in 1992 make him the first and only Australian to place in the top half.
In 2001, he married Carla Zijlstra, an Olympic speed skater from the Netherlands. They live in Jindabyne and have two daughters.
# Federal Institute of Minas Gerais

The Federal Institute of Minas Gerais (Portuguese: Instituto Federal de Minas Gerais, IFMG), or in full: Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Minas Gerais (Portuguese: Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia de Minas Gerais) is a polytechnic university or community college located in the Brazilian cities of Belo Horizonte, Bambuí, Congonhas, Formiga, Governador Valadares, Ouro Preto, Ouro Branco, São João Evangelista and João Monlevade.
The institution was created by Centro Federal de Educação Tecnológica de Ouro Preto, and the campus of Congonhas and Bambuí, by Centro Federal de Educação Tecnológica de Bambuí e the campus of Formiga and São João Evangelista, Escola Agrotécnica Federal de São João Evangelista.
# Elyatu

Elyatu (Persian: الياتو, also Romanized as Elyātū) is a village in Balaband Rural District, in the Central District of Fariman County, Razavi Khorasan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 271, in 62 families.
# Government and Administration Organisation Act (Switzerland)

The Government and Administration Organisation Act (GAOA) (German: Regierungs- und Verwaltungsorganisationsgesetz, RVOG, French: Loi sur l’organisation du gouvernement et de l’administration, LOGA, Italian: Legge sull’organizzazione del Governo e dell’Amministrazione, LOGA), is a Swiss federal law that clarifies the provisions of the Swiss constitution (Title 5) on the rights, duties, tasks, organization and procedure of the Federal Council and the Federal Administration.
It was adopted on 21 March 1997 by the Federal Assembly and came into force on 1 October 1997. It replaces the Administration Organisation Act (German: Verwaltungsorganisationsgesetz, VwOG, French: Loi sur l'organisation de l'administration, LOA, Italian: Legge sull'organizzazione dell'ammininistrazione, LOA) from 1979, which was itself a total revision of the law of 1914.
# Token bus network

In computer networking, a token bus network is a network implementing a token-passing protocol over a virtual ring on a coaxial cable.

## Network

A token is passed around the network nodes and only the node possessing the token may transmit. If a node doesn't have anything to send, the token is passed on to the next node on the virtual ring. Each node must know the address of its neighbour in the ring, so a special protocol is needed to notify the other nodes of connections to, and disconnections from, the ring.
Ethernet's access protocol could not absolutely guarantee a maximum time any station would have to wait to access the network, so was thought to be unsuitable for manufacturing automation applications. The Token bus protocol was created to combine the benefits of a physical bus network with the deterministic access protocol of a Token Ring network.

## IEEE 802.4

Token Bus was standardized by IEEE standard 802.4. It was mainly used for industrial applications. Token Bus was used by General Motors for their Manufacturing Automation Protocol (MAP) standardization effort. This differs from Token Ring networks in that the endpoints of the bus do not meet to form a physical ring.
In order to guarantee the packet delay and transmission in the Token Bus protocol, a modified Token Bus was proposed in manufacturing automation systems and flexible manufacturing system (FMS). To optimize deterministic access required by real-time IoT communication in a distributed manufacturing plant or IIoT, token bus method can also be implemented according to IEEE 802.15.4.
A means for carrying Internet Protocol over IEEE 802 networks, including token bus networks, was developed.
The IEEE 802.4 Working Group has disbanded and the standard has been withdrawn by the IEEE.
# Vahe Tadevosyan

Vahe Tadevosyan (Armenian: Վահե Թադեւոսյան; born 17 October 1983, in Yerevan, Soviet Union) is an Armenian football striker. He has made several appearances for the Armenian U-21 side.
# Andy Kerr (footballer, born 1931)

Andrew Kerr (29 June 1931 – 24 December 1997) was a Scottish footballer, who played for Partick Thistle, Manchester City, Kilmarnock, Sunderland, Aberdeen, Inverness club Caledonian in the Highland Football League and also Glentoran in the Northern Ireland Football League.
Kerr started his career with Lugar Boswell Thistle in the Scottish Juniors having been born in the village of Lugar. Kerr also won two caps for Scotland, both of them in 1955. He was initially a defender and achieved his international recognition in that position, but achieved greater success at club level after being converted to a centre forward.