OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Mezmay

44°12′N 39°58′E﻿ / ﻿44.200°N 39.967°E﻿ / 44.200; 39.967
Mezmay (Adyghe: Мэзмые, Russian: Мезма́й) is a settlement in Apsheronsky District of Krasnodar Krai, Russia, located in the valley of the Kurdzhips River near its confluence with the Mezmay River, 35 kilometres (22 mi) south-east of Apsheronsk. Its population is less than a thousand inhabitants. It is a popular mountain resort.
The village was linked with Apsheronsk by branch line of the Apsheronsk narrow-gauge railway, yet, in 2010 this branch was almost completely dismantled, except 8 kilometres (5.0 mi) length part between Mezmay and village Guamka. This remaining railway was from 2011 to 2017 interrupted due to a landslide.

## Name

The name Mezmay is formed of the two Circassian words Mez (forest) and Mye (wild apple), so Mezmay translated from Circassian as "wild apples forest."

## Landmarks

Mezmay is a popular tourist site with a lot of natural attractions: (waterfalls, caves, canyons, etc.), the Clay Roman necropolis (Mezmayskoe burial) on the north-western outskirts of the village and the astrophysics observatory of the Kuban State University.
There is also Mezmaiskaya cave, where, in 1993, was found perfectly preserved skeleton of a Neanderthal baby from which DNA was extracted.

## Gallery

* Cliffs of Guam Ridge in the surroundings of Mezmay
* Kurdzhips River Canyon near Mezmay
* Apsheronsk mountain railway near Mezmay
* Mezmai surroundings
# Trivandrum V. Surendran

Trivandrum V. Surendran is a mridangam exponent from Kerala, India. He received several awards including the Sangeet Natak Akademi Award, Kerala Sangeetha Nataka Akademi Fellowship, Kerala Sangeetha Nataka Akademi Award, and Madras Music Academy Award.

## Biography

V. Surendran, a native of Edappazhanji of Thiruvananthapuram, learned instrumental lessons from his uncle P. Gangadharan Nair. Surendran graduated from Swathi Thirunal College of Music, Thiruvananthapuram in the first batch of 1959. He completed Ganabhushanam course from there in 1962. After studying mridangam for four years under the famous mridangam player Mavelikkara Velukkutty Nair, he became a disciple of Palghat Mani Iyer under the Gurukula system of education with a scholarship from the Government of India, Ministry of Culture. It was his guru Mani Iyer who gave him the name Trivandrum V. Surendran.
In 1970, he became a teacher at the Swathi Thirunal Music College, where he studied. In 1974, at the age of 28, he joined Kozhikode Akashvani as a staff artist in the music department and worked in Akashvani for thirty years. Later he worked in Thrissur and in 1982 he moved to Thiruvananthapuram Akashvani.

### Personal life

Surendran lives with his wife K. Sushila in Edappazhanji Vivekananda Nagar Dhwani. Of the two sons, Sandeep is an expert in mridangam and Shankar in violin.

## Musical career

He is one of the exponents of Thanjavur Bani style in mridangam.
In 1981, Surendran was appointed to the Thiruvananthapuram Akashvani, where he had the opportunity to play Mritangam with many prominent musicians at the Navratri Mandapam Music Festival. He has performed with many noted instrumentalists such as Chembai, K. V. Narayanaswamy, S. Balachander, K. S. Narayanaswamy.

## Awards and honours

Surendran received many awards including Kerala Sangeetha Nataka Akademi Award, Madras Music Academy Award, Navarasa Sangeetha Sabha Award, Sangeetha Bharata Puraskaram, Mridanga Vadyaratnam Award and Madurai Sangeetha Sabha's Layavadyavisharad honour. He received Sree Guruvayurappan Chembai Puraskaram in November 2022. In 2019 he received the Sangeet Natak Akademi Award for Carnatic instrumental-mridangam and Kerala Sangeetha Nataka Akademi Fellowship.
# Amalda cupedula

Amalda cupedula is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Ancillariidae.

## Description

The length of the shell attains 16.4 mm, its diameter 6.3 mm

## Distribution

This marine species occurs off KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa.
# Providence Mountains State Recreation Area

The Providence Mountains State Recreation Area is located in the Providence Mountains, within the Mojave National Preserve in San Bernardino County, California. It is also home to the Mitchell Caverns Natural Preserve.

## Geography

The Recreation Area is located on the east side of the Providence Mountain range and has dramatic views of the surrounding Mojave Desert.
On approaching the Providence Mountains State Recreation Area one can see layers of tilted grey rock that are ancient limestone formed during the Paleozoic Era. The base elevation of the park is 4,300 feet with the Providence Mountains reaching 7,162 feet on Edgar Peak.

## Flora

Vegetation on the lower parts of the mountains is xeric shrublands scrub habitat, composed of creosote bush (Larrea tridentata), California barrel cactus (Ferocactus cylindraceus), and Mojave yucca (Yucca schidigera).
The habitat dramatically shifts with elevations above 4000 feet to a sky island where numerous animals and plants flourish in the added moisture caught by the mountains. The plant habitat includes forests of single-leaf pinyon (Pinus monophylla) and California juniper (Juniperus californica), and remnant chaparral and woodlands with oaks (Quercus turbinella) and manzanita in these higher parts of the mountains.
Mitchell Caverns is home to two endemic species of insects found nowhere else.

## Access

The Providence Mountains State Recreation Area is located at the north-western end of Essex Road, off of Interstate 40 (the Needles Freeway). The visitor center is located in a historic 1934 stone dwelling. The campground is currently closed.

### Closure

Providence Mountain Recreation Area was one of the 48 California State Parks proposed for closure in January 2008 by California's Governor Arnold Schwarzenegger as part of a deficit reduction program. It closed temporarily in January 2011.

### Reopening

Providence Mountains State Recreation Area and Mitchell Caverns reopened on November 3, 2017, after being closed for nearly seven years due to major infrastructure upgrades.
# Russian Journal of Physical Chemistry A

The Russian Journal of Physical Chemistry A: Focus on Chemistry (Russian: Журнал физической химии, romanized: Zhurnal fizicheskoi khimii) is an English-language translation of the eponymous Russian-language peer-reviewed scientific journal published by Springer Science+Business Media on behalf of Pleiades Publishing. It was established in 1930 and focuses on review articles pertaining to global coverage of all theory and experiment in physical chemistry. The editor-in-chief is Aslan Yu. Tsivadze (Russian Academy of Sciences).

## Abstracting and indexing

The journal is abstracted and indexed in:
* Aquatic Sciences & Fisheries Abstracts
* Chemical Abstracts Service
* Current Contents/Physical, Chemical & Earth Sciences
* Ei-Compendex
* Science Citation Index Expanded
* Scopus
According to the Journal Citation Reports, the journal has a 2022 impact factor of 0.7.
# Date and time notation in Nepal

Nepal uses both the DMY and YMD format when writing dates, and uses 12-hour format for time.
14/09/2035

## Date

YYYY-MM-DD is official date format for the Bikram Sambat calendar used in Nepal. While speaking and writing full BS dates, the mmmm d, yyyy format is often used alongside the yyyy mmmm d format. For instance, the 23rd of Chaitra, 2077 BS can be spoken and written as Chaitra 23, 2077 (चैत २३, २०७७) or 2077 Chaitra 23 (२०७७ चैत २३). An example of Vikram Samvat YYYY-MM-DD usage used is the online news portal Onlinekhabar. When using the Gregorian calendar, both YYYY-MM-DD (2024-11-01) and DD/MM/YYYY (01/11/2024) format can be used. While the DMY format (1 November 2024) is used when writing full Gregorian dates, the MDY format (November 1, 2024) is also acceptable. All government documents need to be filled up in the YYYY-MM-DD format. A week starts on a Sunday (आइतबार) and ends on a Saturday (शनिबार).

### Nepali months and days
#### Months

The names of months in the Vikram Samvat in Nepali with their roughly corresponding Gregorian months are given below.
| Month | Gregorian |
| बैशाख | April – May |
| जेठ | May – June |
| असार | June – July |
| श्रावण | July – August |
| भदौ | August – September |
| आश्विन | September – October |
| कार्तिक | October – November |
| मंसिर | November – December |
| पुष | December – January |
| माघ | January – February |
| फाल्गुन | February – March |
| चैत्र | March – April |

#### Days

The names of days in Nepali alongside their corresponding English days are given below:
| Nepali | English |
| आइतबार | Sunday |
| सोमबार | Monday |
| मंगलबार | Tuesday |
| बुधबार | Wednesday |
| बिहिबार | Thursday |
| शुक्रबार | Friday |
| शनिबार | Saturday |

## Time

The 12-hour notation (7:29 pm) is widely used in daily life, written communication, and is used in spoken language. The 24-hour notation (19:29) is used only in rare situations where there would be widespread ambiguity. Examples include plane departure and landing timings. A colon is widely used to separate hours, minutes and seconds (e.g., 14:39:16).
# Ust-Altasha

Ust-Altasha (Russian: Усть-Алташа; Buryat: Алташын Адаг, Altashyn Adag) is a rural locality (an ulus) in Mukhorshibirsky District, Republic of Buryatia, Russia. The population was 200 as of 2010. There are 5 streets.

## Geography

Ust-Altasha is located 65 km west of Mukhorshibir (the district's administrative centre) by road. Zurgan-Debe is the nearest rural locality.
# Gujarat Mitra

Guajratmitra (Gujarati: ગુજરાતમિત્ર) is a leading daily newspaper of Surat and Gujarat in India. It is published from Surat, in Gujarati. It was founded in 1863 and is one of the oldest newspapers of India.
# Amagalantuy

Amagalantuy (Russian: Амагалантуй; Buryat: Амгаланта, Amgalanta) is a rural locality (an ulus) in Bichursky District, Republic of Buryatia, Russia. The population was 45 in 2010. There are two streets.

## Geography

Amagalantuy is located 56 km northeast of Bichura (the district's administrative centre) by road. Shanaga is the nearest rural locality.
# German Haitians

German Haitians (Haitian Creole: Ayisyen Alman yo) are Haitians of German descent or Germans with Haitian citizenship.

## History

The earliest known German settlement in Saint-Domingue was in Bombardopolis, south of the Môle-Saint-Nicolas. About a thousand Germans came to Bombardopolis, invited by France, in the eighteenth century and managed to make a living in agriculture. That first wave of Germans, having been permitted to settle in one of the least fertile part of Haiti left the island for Guyana, and Louisiana. A second group of Germans were the soldiers who came with the French Leclerc expedition.
Starting in the mid-1800s Germans started to settle and instigate commercial relations with Haïti. Germany having no colonies in the Caribbean found a country open to foreign trade, with limited competition from other nations. The German community was willing to integrate into Haitian society. Some Germans married into Haiti's most prominent families. This enabled them to bypass the constitutional prohibition against foreigners owning land. In 1910, Haitian Germans controlled 80% of Haiti's International Commerce. Though German Haitians only numbered about 200, they wielded a disproportionate amount of economic power. For example, they owned and operated utilities in Port-au-Prince and Cap-Haïtien but also controlled the Port-au-Prince main wharf.
When the US invaded Haiti in 1915, they promptly jailed and confiscated all Germans and their possessions. This was one of their primary goals. During the First World War (1914-1918), when the US entered the war, Germans still in Haïti were jailed in Fort Nationale under US soldiers guard. At the end of the First World War most Germans left Haïti, never to return due to the hostility of the American occupying force. The Germans who stayed were the ones who had created family ties on the island. The US never returned the confiscated German belongings. In 1940 during the Second World War, when Haïti declared war on Germany, again all German properties were confiscated, the Haitians later passed a law to return them to their rightful owner. German Haitians who kept their German citizenship were imprisoned. In 1942 these German war prisoners were sent to the US, at American request, as guarantee for the US prisoners held in Germany. Only in 1946, when Dumarsais Estimé became president, did Haiti allow these German prisoners in jail at that time on Ellis Island in New York, to return to Haiti. It has been reported that the German/Haitian prisoners were offered American citizenship but rejected this, preferring to be sent back to Haiti.

## Notable German Haitians

* Haiti portal
* Germany portal
* Joe Gaetjens, soccer player for the United States national team in the 1950 FIFA World Cup
* Werner Jaegerhuber, composer
* Philippe Kieffer, Free French Forces hero (Alsatian descent)
* TiCorn (born Cornelia Schütt), folk singer and songwriter
# Tzrufa

Tzrufa (Hebrew: צְרוּפָה) is a moshav in northern Israel. Located near Atlit, it falls under the jurisdiction of Hof HaCarmel Regional Council. In 2022 it had a population of 1,154.

## History

The village was established in 1949 by immigrants from Algeria and Tunisia. The village was named after the depopulated Palestinian village of al-Sarafand on whose lands it was built. There is an inscription at the village entrance which states ""The word of the Lord is pure [tzrufa]; He is a shield to all them that take refuge in him" (Psalms 18:30)," but this is not the origin of the village's name. During the Crusader period, the village was known as Sarepta Yudee, possibly to distinguish it from Sarepta of Lebanon. Both names means "smelting place." Roman and Byzantine pottery remains have been found on site. During the Crusader era, a fortress and chapel were built. The remains of the village mosque can still be seen.
# Puodžiai, Kėdainiai

Puodžiai (formerly Russian: Подзи) is a village in Kėdainiai district municipality, in Kaunas County, in central Lithuania. According to the 2011 census, the village has a population of 2 people. It is located 2 km from Šlapaberžė.

## Demography

| Year | Pop. | ±% p.a. |
| 1902 | 72 | — |
| 1923 | 59 | −0.94% |
| 1959 | 41 | −1.01% |
| 1970 | 28 | −3.41% |
| Year | Pop. | ±% p.a. |
| 1979 | 21 | −3.15% |
| 1989 | 11 | −6.26% |
| 2001 | 15 | +2.62% |
| 2011 | 2 | −18.25% |
Source: 1902, 1923, 1959 & 1970, 1979, 1989, 2001, 2011 :
# Dalny, Rubtsovsky District, Altai Krai

Dalny (Russian: Дальний) is a rural locality (a settlement) and the administrative center of Dalny Selsoviet, Rubtsovsky District, Altai Krai, Russia. The population was 649 as of 2013. There are 12 streets.

## Geography

Dalny is located 43 km east of Rubtsovsk (the district's administrative centre) by road. Troinka is the nearest rural locality.
# Hungarian Uruguayans

Hungarian Uruguayans (Hungarian: Uruguayi magyarok) are people born in Hungary who live in Uruguay or Uruguayan-born people of Hungarian descent.

## Overview

Hungarian Uruguayans are a local ethnic minority; their presence is small but meaningful, numbering around 2,000-3,000 of which ca. 150 were born in Hungary.
In 1925 was established a Society of Hungarian-Language Workers in Uruguay They even had some influence within the Communist Party of Uruguay.
In 1936, Hungarian migrants established the Hungarian Home of Uruguay (Hungarian: Uruguayi Magyar Otthon), an ethnic association.
There is also a small Jewish-Hungarian community, they established their own association in the 1920s, which in turn sent their representative to the Uruguayan Central Israeli Committee.
There is an immigrant branch of the Batthyány noble family.

## Notable Hungarians in Uruguay
### Past

* Francisco José Debali (1791-1859), composer of the National Anthem of Uruguay
* Carlos Végh Garzón (1902–1984), politician, Minister of Finance
* Alejandro Végh Villegas (1928-2017), economist, Minister of Economics and Finance

### Present

* Carlos Batthyány (born 1969), scientist, director of the local Institut Pasteur
* Déborah Gyurcsek (born 1978), female track and field athlete
* Adrian R. Krainer, biochemist and molecular geneticist
* Jorge Polgar (born 1967), economist
* Krisztián Vadócz (born 1985), professional footballer
* Carlos A. Vegh (born 1958), economist
# Groupe des Architectes Modernes Marocains

The Group of Moroccan Modern Architects (French: Groupe des Architectes Modernes Marocains) or GAMMA was a collective of modernist architects working in Morocco. It began under the direction of Michel Écochard, director of urban planning in Morocco during the later years of the French protectorate, and was led by Elie Azagury after Morocco's independence.

## History

GAMMA initially included the architects George Candillis, Alexis Josic and Shadrach Woods. In the early 1950s, Écochard commissioned GAMMA to design housing that provided a "culturally specific living tissue" for laborers and migrants from the countryside. Sémiramis, Nid d’Abeille (Honeycomb), and Carrières Centrales were some of the first examples of this style that came to be called vernacular modernism. Ecochard's 8x8 meter model, designed to address Casablanca's issues with overpopulation and rural exodus, was pioneering in the architecture of collective housing. It was the first time the French Protectorate built housing for the colonized rather than the colonizers, and it did so to suppress the Moroccan Nationalist Movement, particularly after the 1952 protests following the assassination of the labor unionist Farhat Hached, which were centered in the bidonville of Carrières Centrales (now Hay Mohammadi).
At this time, Elie Azagury was the only "native" Moroccan architect in GAMMA. He and Candilis pushed Écochard for higher density development at Carrières Centrales. Azagury considered verticalization "an economic and social necessity," and was critical of Écochard and his idea that Moroccans could live in high-rises, considering him "an active instrument of the French colonial power."
Azagury led GAMMA after Morocco's independence in 1956. He feared throughout the following decade that independence would come with a return to vernacular architecture instead of modernism, but was relieved that this wasn't the case.
Other architects associated with GAMMA include Jean-François Zevaco, Abdeslam Faraoui, Patrice de Mazières, and Mourad Ben Embarek.
# Vengeance of the Vikings

Vengeance of the Vikings (Italian: Erik il vichingo) is a 1965 film directed by Mario Caiano.

## Cast

* Gordon Mitchell ... Sven / Byarni
* Giuliano Gemma ... Erik
* Eleonora Bianchi ... Gudrid (as Ely McWhite)
* Elisa Montés ... Wa-ta-wa
* Eduardo Fajardo ... Olaf
* Beni Deus ... Torstein (as Beny Deus)
* Alfio Caltabiano ... Narvik - Viking Warrior / Wingar - Indian Chief
* Lucio De Santis ... Eyolf
* Erno Crisa ... Erloff
* Roberto Ceccacci (as Roby Ceccacci)
* Aldo Pini
* Fortunato Arena ... Thormann
* Fedele Gentile ... Viking Chief
* Franco Morici
* Aldo Bufi Landi ... Angheropoulos
* Al Parker

## Production

The scenes showing tropical greenery were filmed in a botanical garden north of Málaga.

## Release

Vengeance of the Vikings was released on 24 September 1965.
# Babak, Hormozgan

Babak (Persian: بابك, also Romanized as Bābak) is a village in Sardasht Rural District, in the Central District of Bashagard County, Hormozgan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 120, in 35 families.
# Abaytikau

Abaytikau (Russian: Абайтикау; Ossetian: Абайтыхъæу, Abajtyqæw) is a rural locality (a selo) in Tseyskoye Rural Settlement of Alagirsky District, Russia. The population was 42 as of 2018.

## Geography

Abaytikau is located 50 km (31 mi) southwest of Alagir (the district's administrative centre) by road. Nizhny Tsey is the nearest rural locality.
# Margarita Gerasimova

Margarita Gerasimova (Bulgarian: Маргарита Герасимова, born January 6, 1951) is a Bulgarian former volleyball player who competed in the 1980 Summer Olympics.
In 1980, Gerasimova was a member of the Bulgarian team that won the bronze medal in the Olympic tournament.
# Molla Mahalleh, Nur

Molla Mahalleh (Persian: ملامحله, also Romanized as Mollā Maḩalleh) is a village in Lavij Rural District, Chamestan District, Nur County, Mazandaran Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 155, in 35 families.
# White Flower

The White Flower (Italian: Biancofiore) was an informal name given to the electoral alliance of two Christian democratic Italian political parties for the 2001 general election, namely:
* Christian Democratic Centre
* United Christian Democrats
The alliance's name came from "O bianco fiore", the party anthem of Christian Democracy. The parties aligned themselves with the House of Freedoms centre-right coalition. It was led by Pier Ferdinando Casini. The list gained only 3.2% of the vote, short of the 4% threshold however, thanks to its alliance with the House of Freedoms, it gained 40 Deputies and 29 Senators.
In December 2002 both constituent parties merged with European Democracy to form the Union of Christian and Centre Democrats (UDC).
# Tango (1969 film)

Tango (Bulgarian: Танго) is a 1969 Bulgarian drama film directed by Vasil Mirchev. It was entered into the 6th Moscow International Film Festival.

## Cast

* Nevena Kokanova as Havadzhieva
* Petar Penkov as Prokurorat Yorgov
* Petar Slabakov as Todor
* Stoyan Gudev as Melnicharyat Milan
* Grigor Vachkov as Ilyo Mitovski
* Dimitrina Savova as Kuna
* Nevena Milosheva as Baba Darya
* Georgi Georgiev as Yordan Mitovski
* Ivan Nalbantov as Ivan Proev
* Boris Savov as Boris Yordanov
* Boris Arabow as Havadzhiev
# Hovhannes Vahanian

Hovhannes Vahanian (Armenian: Հովհաննես Վահանյան), 1832 in Constantinople, Ottoman Empire - 1891 in Constantinople) was an Ottoman politician, minister, social activist, writer, and reformer of Armenian descent. He was the brother of Srpouhi Dussap.
# Marisa Dal Santo

Marisa Dal Santo (born August 3, 1987) is a regular-footed American former professional skateboarder and e-commerce clothing retailer from La Grange, Illinois.

## Skateboarding career

Dal Santo is recognized as a trailblazer in women's street skateboarding.
| Skate video Parts & Appearances | Year |
| Zero – Strange World | 2009 |
| Emerica – Stay Gold | 2010 |
| Zero/DGK – Fresh ’til Death | 2011 |
| Destruction Squirrel 6 | 2012 |
| Chicago Neighborhood Watch | 2015 |

### Zero

Marisa Dal Santo turned down an offer to go pro for Zero. In 2009, Dal Santo had a full part in Zero skateboard’s Strange World. In 2010, Dal Santo quit Zero. In 2017, Dal Santo was given a guest pro model on Zero in honor of the 20th anniversary of the company.
# Overview of Abroad

Overview of Abroad (Armenian: Խոպանի տեսություն Khopani Tesutyun) was an Armenian comedy drama television series. The series premiered on Shant TV on April 11, 2015. The series took place in Yerevan, Armenia.

## Cast and characters

* Hayk Petrosyan portrays Rubik (seasons 1– 2) Single boy, sister of Asha, son of Mareta
* Ani Malyan portrays Syuzi (Seasons 1- 2) Sister of Tina, daughter of Anna
* Anahit Kirakosyan portrays Hayarpi (Seasons 1- 2) Relative from village, who has come to Yerevan for studying
* Anais Sardaryan portrays Tina (seasons 1- 2) Daughter of Anna, sister of Syuzi
* Hakob Qishmiryan portrays Ashot (Second part of seasons 1) Husband of Asha
* Manana Gevorgyan portrays Asha (Seasons 1- 2) Wife of Ashot, sister of Rubik and daughter of Mareta
* Arshaluys Avetisyan portrays Eva (Seasons 1- 2) Grandmother of Rubik, Syuzi, Tina and Asha, mother of Saqo and Suro
* Zara Sahakyan portrays Marieta "Sirun Mareta" (Seasons 1- present) Mother of Rubik and Asha, wife of Saqo
* Ani Petrosyan portrays Anna (Seasons 1- 2) Mother of Tina and Syuzi, wife of Suro
* Andranik Harutyunyan portrays Suro (Seasons 2) Father of Tina and Syuzi, husband of Anna, son of Eva
* Iveta Yedigaryan portrays Stella (Seasons 2) Neighbour
* Kseniya Enyutina portrays Yulya (First part of seasons 1) Russian speaking ex-wife of Saqo
* Saqo (Seasons 1-2, Voice only) Husband of Marieta, father of Rubik and Asha, brother of Suro, son of Eva
* - portrays Leonid (Seasons 1- 2, Recurring) Love interest of Eva
* - portrays Michael (Seasons 1- 2, Guest) Brother of Hayarpi