OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Battle of Zonchio

The naval Battle of Zonchio (Turkish: Sapienza Deniz Muharebesi, also known as the Battle of Sapienza or the First Battle of Lepanto) took place on four separate days: 12, 20, 22, and 25 August 1499. It was a part of the Ottoman–Venetian War of 1499–1503.

## Preparations

In January 1499 Kemal Reis set sail from Constantinople with a force of 10 galleys and 4 other types of ships, and in July met with the huge Ottoman fleet which was sent to him by Davud Pasha and took over its command in order to wage a large scale war against the Republic of Venice. The Ottoman fleet consisted of 290 ships, of which 60 galliots and a handful of carracks. The Venetian fleet of 17 galleys, 46 galliots, and about 15 carracks was under the command of Antonio Grimani. Grimani was 65 and although he was a proven captain in battle, he was not an experienced leader and had never commanded large battle fleets. He had only been given command because of a donation of 16,000 ducats to the state and personally funding the arming of 10 galleys. He was not told whether to fight an offensive or defensive campaign.

## Battle

After reaching Cape Zonchio in the Ionian Sea with the large Ottoman fleet in August, Kemal Reis defeated the Venetians. Many captains ignored Grimani's orders to attack the Ottomans and he did not take part in the battle. His indecisiveness and reluctance to attack led to failure during the battle.
On the second day, Grimani ordered the crews to kill any captains who refused to fight. Despite this, and the arrival of four French galleys, he sent just two galleys out of 170 against the Ottomans. Both somehow returned unharmed.
On 25 August the Venetians captured some Ottoman galleys, then discipline broke down and the Ottomans recaptured the vessels while they were being looted; the French reinforcements abandoned the Venetians in disgust and fled to Rhodes.
During the most critical stage of the battle, two Venetian carracks, captained by Andrea Loredan (a member of the influential Loredan family of Venice, and cousin of the future doge Leonardo Loredan) and by Alban d'Armer, boarded one of the command ships of the Ottoman fleet. The commander of the vessel, Burak Reis, was unable to disentangle his ship from the boarders and chose to set her aflame. The sight of the three great ships burning together dealt a severe blow to the Venetian morale.

## Aftermath

Antonio Grimani was arrested on 29 September and banished to the island of Cherso. Grimani later became the Doge of Venice in 1521. The Ottoman Sultan Bayezid II gave 10 of the captured Venetian galleys to Kemal Reis, who later stationed his fleet at the island of Cefalonia between October and December 1499.
The Ottomans and Venetians soon confronted each other for a second time at the Second Battle of Lepanto, which is also known as the Battle of Modon, and the Ottomans were again victorious under Kemal Reis.
# The Big Snake of the World

The Big Snake of the World (French: Le Grand Serpent du monde) is a Canadian drama film, directed by Yves Dion and released in 1999. The film stars Murray Head as Tom Paradise, a night shift Société de transport de Montréal bus driver interacting with various people both on and off the job.
Supporting characters include Monsieur (Gabriel Arcand), a lonely man who suffers from schizophrenia; the Dog Lady (France Labonté), a woman who carries her dog with her everywhere she goes; the Teenager (Tobie Pelletier), a young man who rides the bus every night to get off at the Notre Dame des Neiges Cemetery; Anaïs (Zoe Latraverse), a young woman with a secret who tries to seduce Tom; and Carmen (Louise Portal), a former lover of Tom's with whom he is reunited.
The film received two Genie Award nominations at the 20th Genie Awards in 2000, for Best Supporting Actor (Arcand) and Best Original Screenplay (Monique Proulx). At the 2nd Jutra Awards, the film received nominations for Best Supporting Actor (Jean Pierre Bergeron), Best Supporting Actress (Portal) and Best Original Music (Gaëtan Gravel and Serge LaForest).
# Mallein test

The mallein test is a sensitive and specific clinical test for glanders, a common bacterial disease of equids (horses, donkeys, mules). This test is a type 4 delayed hypersensitivity test used as a diagnosis for glanders. It is caused by a bacterium called Burkholderia mallei, which is contagious for humans and other species. The occurrence of glanders must be reported to the World Organisation for Animal Health. Mallein, a protein fraction of B. mallei, is usually injected by an eye-drop. If an animal is infected, the animal will show swelling in the eye from around 48 hours of injection and may be accompanied by secretion and conjunctivitis. Mallein is non toxic to normal animals.

## History

Mallein was discovered in 1890 by Kristaps Helmanis and Oto Kalninš. Before 1934, glanders was widespread. In the early 1900s, glanders was common in Europe, the United States of America, and Canada, and has been successfully eliminated by mass testing and the slaughter and destruction of campaigns. Glanders is still present in Asia, the Middle East and South America.

## Limitations and benefits
### Limitations

Although Mallein is the most commonly used form of testing for glanders, cross reactions were reported between Burkholderia mallei and Streptococcus equi, which is a bacteria-caused contagious upper respiratory tract infection of equines. This resulted in false-positive reactions.

### Benefits

The specificity of Mallein tests and the efficiency and potency of it are connected to the "molecular weight of protein fractions, antigenic range, and virulence".

## Test procedures and methods

* Preparation of crude mallein
* Purification of malleo proteins
* Trichloroacetic acid (TCA) preparation
* Ammonium sulfate precipitation
* Gel filtration chromatography
* Sensitization of animals
* Potency test
* Intradermopalpebral
# Jhimpir

Jhimpir (Urdu: جھم پیر) is a village in Thatta District, Sindh, Pakistan. It is situated 114 km away from Karachi. It is the site of Pakistan's first wind power project. However, Jhimpir has a railway station and train service is available for Karachi and upcountry from here.
The Jhimpir Wind Power Plant is a wind farm located at Jhimpir in Thatta District of Sindh province in Pakistan, 120 kilometres North-East of Karachi. The project has been developed by Zorlu Energy Pakistan, a subsidiary of the Turkish firm Zorlu Enerji. The total cost of project is $143 million. The energy production is 55 MW
# Kemanak

Kemanak (Javanese: ꦏꦼꦩꦤꦏ꧀, romanized: Kemanak) is a banana-shaped idiophone used in Javanese gamelan, made of bronze. They are actually metal slit drums. It is struck with a padded stick and then allowed to resonate. It has a specific pitch, which can be varied by covering the slit, but it is not matched to the other instruments of the gamelan. They are usually played in pairs, although they can be played in sets of four as well. They are used to accompany the bedhaya and serimpi, female court dances.
Kemanak is also a style of gendhing which includes, in addition to kemanak, only colotomic instruments, a kendang, and a sindhen.
In the region of Cirebon on the Northwest Coast of Java, Kemanak are played in pairs by striking one against the other in a repetitive fashion. Unlike in Central Java, Kemanak in Cirebon are not reserved for specific performance idioms and are considered indispensable in the standard Gamelan repertoire.
# Cenberht

Cenberht (Old English: Cēnberht, Cœ̅nberht) (died c. 661) was a king in the lands of the West Saxons.
Cenberht was said to be the son of Cedda (or Cadda), about whom nothing is recorded, and the grandson of Cutha. It is thought that Cutha is the same person as Cuthwine, also found in West Saxon genealogies. He was thus, according to later genealogies, a third cousin of King Cenwalh of Wessex. The later King Caedwalla and his brother Mul were said to be sons of Cenberht.
The Anglo-Saxon Chronicle for the year 661 reports that both Cuthred, son of King Cwichelm, and Cenberht died in that year. This is the sole report of Cenberht in an early source, but based on the pattern of shared rulership among the West Saxons in this period, it is presumed that Cenberht shared power with Cenwalh in a junior role, either as a junior king or as sub-king of some part of Wessex.
# Khuldat

Khuldat (Russian: Хулдат) is a rural locality (a selo) in Dzhidinsky District, Republic of Buryatia, Russia. The population was 142 as of 2010.

## Geography

Khuldat is located 55 km southwest of Petropavlovka (the district's administrative centre) by road. Naryn is the nearest rural locality.
# RDP

RDP may refer to:

## Computing

* Ramer–Douglas–Peucker algorithm, an algorithm for polygonal simplification
* Recombination detection program, for analysing genetic recombination
* Recursive descent parser, a type of top-down parser
* Remote Desktop Protocol, a Microsoft remote access network protocol
* Reliable Data Protocol, a transport layer network protocol

## Organisations

* Rally for Democracy and Progress (disambiguation), several political parties
* Democratic and Popular Rally (French: Rassemblement Démocratique et Populaire), a Burkina Faso political party
* Radiodifusão Portuguesa, a subsidiary of Rádio e Televisão de Portugal, the public service broadcasting organisation of Portugal

## Other uses

* RDP (film), Fujifilm photographic films
* Ratos de Porão, a Brazilian hardcore band
* Reconstruction and Development Programme, South Africa
* Recreational Dive Planner
* Roll of Distinguished Philatelists
* Kazi Nazrul Islam Airport, Andal, West Bengal, India, IATA code
* Bus Route Development Programme
# George Phipps (rugby union)

George Constantine Phipps (born 2 November 1927) is an Irish former international rugby union player.
Born in Peshawar, Phipps was educated in England, attending Wellington College.
Phipps served with the British Army like his father, a member of the Royal Army Medical Corps. An officer in the Royal Hampshire Regiment, Phipps played his rugby for English club Rosslyn Park, as well as the Army. He was capped five times for Ireland as a three-quarter, debuting against England at Twickenham in the 1950 Five Nations.
# Ulli Helmbold

Ulli Helmbold is a West German para-alpine skier. He represented West Germany at alpine skiing at the 1976 Winter Paralympics and at alpine skiing at the 1980 Winter Paralympics.
He won the gold medal at the Men's Giant Slalom I event at the 1976 Winter Paralympics.

## Career

He competed at three events at the 1976 Winter Paralympics and at two events at the 1980 Winter Paralympics:
* 1976 Winter Paralympics
** Men's Alpine Combination I
** Men's Giant Slalom I
** Men's Slalom I
* 1980 Winter Paralympics
** Men's Giant Slalom 1A
** Men's Slalom 1A
# Peter Braun (skier)

Peter Braun is a West German para-alpine skier. He represented West Germany at alpine skiing at the 1976 Winter Paralympics.
He won the bronze medal at the Men's Giant Slalom IV B event, the only event he competed in.
# Wilfried Maetzler

Wilfried Maetzler is an Austrian para-alpine skier. He represented Austria at the 1988 Winter Paralympics, at the 1992 Winter Paralympics and at the 1994 Winter Paralympics. He won the bronze medal in the Men's Giant Slalom LW4 event in the 1992 Winter Paralympics.
# Ibrahim Pasha Palace

The Ibrahim Pasha Palace (Turkish: İbrahim Paşa Sarayı) is an Ottoman imperial court residence of Pargalı Ibrahim Pasha. It is located in Sultanahmet Square of Fatih district in Istanbul, Turkey. Currently, the building is mainly used as the Turkish and Islamic Arts Museum (Turkish: Türk ve İslam Eserleri Müzesi).
Initially named the Hippodrome Palace due to its location at the Hippodrome of Constantinople, it took later its name from Pargalı Ibrahim Pasha (1494–1536), who served as the Grand Vizier of Suleiman the Magnificent (reigned 1520–1566) from 1523 until his execution in 1536. An important example of 16th-century Ottoman architecture, the building is situated on the grounds of Eastern Roman Empire's historical hippodrome. According to Ottoman historian Solakzade Mehmet Hemdemi Efendi (1590–1657), even the construction date of the palace is not certainly known, it is believed that it coincides to the Sultan Bayezid II era (reigned 1481–1512). It is known that the building underwent repairs in 1521.
The palace saw many events such as civil disorder and revolts aside weddings, festivities and celebrations. After Ibrahim Pasha's strangling, the palace served as residence for other grand viziers, and functioned also as military quarters, embassy, revenue office, quarters for the Ottoman military band, sewing works and prison.

## Republican era

The building complex remained in state of neglect. Architect Sedat Çetintaş discovered the vacant building, which was considered to be demolished to make place for a new palace of justice. He published an article on the historical value of the building in the daily Cumhuriyet on June 5, 1938. This publication prevented indeed its demolition. However, sometime later the section of the palace consisting of harem and the ambassador's hall was pulled down in a hurry. Çetintaş struggled for twelve years to save the historical building. The main argument for its demolition was the fact that it had been renovated by an Armenian at some point, for which it would not be able to be considered part of the Turkish patrimony. The decision to keep the palace was taken during the presidency of İsmet İnönü in 1946.

## Modern use

A part of the still intact palace buildings hosted judicial archives of the Ministry of Justice between 1983 and 2012. Istanbul Directoriate of Land Registry and Cadastre houses in another section of the complex. An important section is reserved for the Turkish and Islamic Arts Museum. In 2012, the judicial archives moved out, and its space was transferred to the Minister of Culture to be appended to the museum. The Ministry of Culture initiated efforts to add the last remaining place to the museum.
Former Minister of Culture Ertuğrul Günay campaigns for the rebuilding of the demolished section of the palace.
# Edith Thys

Edith Olivia "Edie" Thys (born March 31, 1966, in San Leandro, California) is an American former World Cup alpine ski racer who competed in two Winter Olympics (1988, 1992). As a journalist, she served on the staffs of SKI Magazine and the Ski Racing newspaper, and is a regular contributor to Skiing History magazine.

## World Cup results
### Season standings

| Season | Age | Overall | Slalom | Giant slalom | Super-G | Downhill | Combined |
| 1988 | 21 | 45 | — | — | 17 | 34 | — |
| 1989 | 22 | | | | | | |
| 1990 | 23 | 54 | — | — | 17 | — | — |
| 1991 | 24 | 39 | — | 32 | 13 | 21 | — |
| 1992 | 25 | 68 | — | — | 38 | 27 | — |
| 1993 | 26 | 85 | — | 42 | 37 | 52 | — |

### Top ten finishes

* 1 podium – (1 SG), 5 top tens
| Season | Date | Location | Discipline | Place |
| 1988 | 28 Nov 1987 | Sestriere, Italy | Super-G | 7th |
| 1990 | 9 Aug 1989 | Las Leñas, Argentina | Super-G | 9th |
| 1990 | 2 Dec 1989 | Vail, USA | Super-G | 5th |
| 1991 | 24 Feb 1991 | Furano, Japan | Super-G | 2nd |
| 1991 | 16 Mar 1991 | Vail, USA | Downhill | 4th |

## World Championship results

| Year | Age | Slalom | Giant  slalom | Super-G | Downhill | Combined |
| 1987 | 20 | — | — | — | 20 | — |
| 1989 | 22 | — | — | DNF | — | — |
| 1991 | 24 | — | — | 9 | — | — |

## Olympic results

| Year | Age | Slalom | Giant  slalom | Super-G | Downhill | Combined |
| 1988 | 21 | — | — | 9 | 18 | DNF SL1 |
| 1992 | 25 | — | — | — | 25 | — |
# NetOwl

NetOwl is a suite of multilingual text and identity analytics products that analyze big data in the form of text data – reports, web, social media, etc. – as well as structured entity data about people, organizations, places, and things.
NetOwl utilizes artificial intelligence (AI)-based approaches, including natural language processing (NLP), machine learning (ML), and computational linguistics, to extract entities, relationships, and events; to perform sentiment analysis; to assign latitude/longitude to geographical references in text; to translate names written in foreign languages; and to perform name matching and identity resolution. NetOwl's uses include semantic search and discovery, geospatial analysis, intelligence analysis, content enrichment, compliance monitoring, cyber threat monitoring, risk management, and bioinformatics.

## History

The first NetOwl product was NetOwl Extractor, which was initially released in 1996. Since then, Extractor has added many new capabilities, including relationship and event extraction, categorization, name translation, geotagging, and sentiment analysis, as well as entity extraction in other languages. Other products were added later to the NetOwl suite, namely TextMiner, NameMatcher, and EntityMatcher.
NetOwl has participated in several 3rd party-sponsored text and entity analytics software benchmarking events. NetOwl Extractor was the top-scoring named entity extraction system at the DARPA-sponsored Message Understanding Conference MUC-6 and the top-scoring link and event extraction system in MUC-7. It was also the top-scoring system at several of the NIST-sponsored Automatic Content Extraction (ACE) evaluation tasks. NetOwl NameMatcher was the top-scoring system at the MITRE Challenge for Multicultural Person Name Matching.

## Products

The NetOwl suite includes, among others, the following text and entity analytics products:

### Text Analytics

NetOwl Extractor performs entity extraction from unstructured texts using natural language processing (NLP), machine learning (ML), and computational linguistics. Extractor also performs semantic relationship and event extraction as well as geotagging of text. It is used for a variety of data sources including both traditional sources (e.g., news, reports, web pages, email) and social media (e.g., Twitter, Facebook, chats, blogs). It runs on a variety of Big Data analytics platforms, including Apache Hadoop and LexisNexis’s High-Performance Computer Cluster (HPCC) technology. It has been integrated with a number of 3rd party analytical tools such as Esri ArcGIS and Google Earth/Maps.

### Identity Analytics

NetOwl NameMatcher and EntityMatcher perform name matching and identity resolution for large multicultural and multilingual entity databases using machine learning (ML) and computational linguistics approaches. They are used for applications such as anti-money laundering (AML), watch lists, regulatory compliance, fraud detection, etc.
# Nissibi Bridge

The Nissibi Bridge (Turkish: Nissibi Köprüsü) is a cable-stayed bridge completed on May 21, 2015, spanning the Atatürk Reservoir on the Euphrates River at the provincial border of Adıyaman–Şanlıurfa in southeastern Turkey.

## History

With the forming of the reservoir lake of Atatürk Dam in 1992, the bridge on the highway Kahta–Siverek–Diyarbakır crossing the Euphrates River was inundated. The traffic between Adıyaman and Diyarbakır had to be diverted in the south to the route D.885 E99 over Şanlıurfa. Traffic was maintained also by ferry boats across the lake. To bypass the detour, a new bridge was projected crossing over the Atatürk Reservoir. The bridge will help shorten the route about 60 km (37 mi).

## Construction

The groundbreaking of the bridge was held in presence of Minister of Transport, Maritime and Communication Binali Yıldırım on January 26, 2012. The bridge is built by Gülsan Construction Co. It is named after the ancient town Nissibi situated in the vicinity. The cable-stayed orthotropic bridge is 610 m (2,000 ft) long and 24.50 m (80.4 ft) wide with a main span of 400 m (1,300 ft). Its two pylons are 96 m (315 ft) tall. The bridge will carry two lanes of traffic in each direction.
The cost of the construction is estimated to be ₺100 million.
The bridge was officially opened on May 21, 2015 by President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan.
# Yuri Artsutanov

Yuri Nikolaevich Artsutanov (Russian: Ю́рий Никола́евич Арцута́нов; 5 October 1929 – 1 January 2019) was a Russian engineer born in Leningrad. He was one of the pioneers of the idea of a space elevator.
The February issue of the ISEC Newsletter is devoted to his life and place in history and features reminisces and photographs from his colleagues in the West, including his attendance at the 2010 ISEC Space Elevator conference.

## Biography

Artsutanov was a graduate of Leningrad Technological Institute. In 1960, he wrote an article "V Kosmos na Electrovoze (en. Into space with the help of an electric locomotive)", where he discussed the concept of the space elevator as an economic, safe and convenient way to access orbit and facilitate space exploration.
Artsutanov developed his idea independently from Konstantin Tsiolkovsky, who in 1895 proposed an idea of building an orbital tower. Artsutanov's concept was based on the linking of geosynchronous satellites to the ground with a cable. He suggested using the satellite as the base from which to construct the tower since a geosynchronous satellite will remain over a fixed point on the equator. By using a counterweight, a cable would be lowered from the geosynchronous orbit to the surface of Earth while the counterweight was extended from the satellite away from Earth, keeping the center of mass of the cable at the same height above the Earth. The ideas of Tsiolkovsky's compression-structure concept and Artsutanov's tension-structure concept differ in that a compression structure is well outside conceivable future capabilities, while the tension-structure is much easier to build and maintain, and is considered possible with near-future technologies.
Artsutanov later went on to propose other concepts involving space tethers, including the lunar space elevator, and using rotating tethers for space transportation.
# USS LST-826

USS LST-826 was an LST-542-class tank landing ship in the United States Navy. Like many of her class, she was not named and is properly referred to by her hull designation.
LST-826 was laid down on 6 October 1944 at Evansville, Indiana, by the Missouri Valley Bridge & Iron Co.; launched on 14 November 1944; sponsored by Mrs. W. E. Haynie; and commissioned on 7 December 1944.

## Service history

During World War II, LST-826 was assigned to the Asiatic-Pacific theater and participated in the assault and occupation of Okinawa Gunto in May and June 1945. Following the war, she performed occupation duty in the Far East until early December 1945.
LST-826 was one of several ships grounded at Okinawa as a result of Typhoon Louise on 9 October 1945. In November 1945 the U.S. Chief of Naval Operations directed that the hulk be sunk or destroyed, but this was not done and she became one of around 15 wrecks that were finally sold in two batches in May and November 1947 by the State Department's Foreign Liquidations Commission. LST-826 and LST-823, along with Nestor (ARB-6), three floating docks and some smaller craft, were included in the May batch, and were sold to the Oklahoma-Philippines Co. for scrapping.
LST-826 earned one battle star for World War II service.
# Rudik Petrosyan

Rudik Petrosyan (Armenian: Ռուդիկ Պէտրոսյան; born October 18, 1980, in Leninakan, Armenian SSR) is an Armenian retired weightlifter. He competed at the 2000 Summer Olympics in the men's 69 kg division.