OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Leo Barjesteh

Leonardus Alexander Ferydoun "Leo" Barjesteh van Waalwijk van Doorn (born 18 October 1962 in Rotterdam) is a Dutch-Persian historian, publisher and museum director.
In 1988 Barjesteh established his publishing firm, specialising in history, culture and genealogy. He is also co-founder (2000) and since 2017 president of the International Qajar Studies Association and has been editor-in-chief of its journal (Qajar Studies) since the first issue in 2000. Also in 2000, he was (together with Jan Bomans, lieutenant colonel Eppo Brongers and Ad Vermeulen) one of the initiators of the monument for Johan Willem Friso, Prince of Orange (1687-1711) at the Moerdijk.

## Genealogical projects

In 2007 together with Frans Plooij [nl] and Toon van Gestel he initiated the first large-scale genetic genealogy project in the Netherlands, the Project Genetische Genealogie in Nederland. Over the years the project had 1,500 participants. The project focussed on the Y-chromosomal DNA and at that time was unique as it combined genetic profiles with pedigree lines going back centuries. The first combined DNA-results and genealogies were published in Zonen van Adam in Nederland in 2008.
The publication of the book Honderd Schiedamse Families in 2010 led to an accompanying exhibition: Rijkdom van de stad. The exhibition inspired the foundation of a museum for family history. After purchasing an old monastery in Eijsden, Limburg, Barjesteh in 2013 founded the International Museum for Family History in the Ursulinenconvent.
# Buquira River

The Buquira River (Portuguese: Rio Buquira) is a river of São Paulo state in southeastern Brazil. It is a tributary of the Paraíba do Sul.
The headwaters are protected by the 292,000 hectares (720,000 acres) Mananciais do Rio Paraíba do Sul Environmental Protection Area, created in 1982 to protect the sources of the Paraíba do Sul river.
# Rio Ivinhema State Park

The Rio Ivinhema State Park (Portuguese: Parque Estadual das Várzeas do Rio Ivinhema) is a State park in the state of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil.

## Location

The Rio Ivinhema State Park is divided between the municipalities of Jateí (57.46%), Naviraí (21.36%) and Taquarussu (21.18%) in Mato Grosso do Sul. It has an area of 73,345 hectares (181,240 acres). It is the largest park created by the CESP (Companhia Energética de São Paulo) for environmental compensation. The várzea and associated ecosystems of the Ivinhema River in the Paraná River basin is the last free and representative stretch of this type of environment. The park also holds fragments of seasonal semi-deciduous Atlantic Forest.
The park would be part of the proposed Trinational Biodiversity Corridor, which aims to provide forest connections between conservation units in Brazil, Paraguay and Argentina in the Upper Paraná ecoregion.

## History

The Rio Ivinhema State Park was created by state decree 9.278 of 17 December 1998 with the objective of preserving biological diversity, protection the natural heritage and culture of the region with its flora, fauna, landscapes and other natural resources, for the purposes of scientific research, recreation and environmental education in contact with nature. It was created as partial compensation for the land flooded by the Companhia Energética de São Paulo (CESP) with the Engenheiro Sérgio Motta Hydroelectric Power Plant on the Paraná River, which would flood 13,227 hectares (32,680 acres) of the Lagoa São Paulo Reserve and 3,211 hectares (7,930 acres) of the Great Pontal Reserve. The consultative council was appointed on 4 June 2002.
# Lacedonia Cathedral

Lacedonia Cathedral (Italian: Concattedrale di Santa Maria Assunta, Duomo di Lacedonia) is a Roman Catholic cathedral dedicated to the Assumption of the Virgin Mary in Lacedonia in Campania, Italy. Formerly the seat of the bishops of Lacedonia, since 1986 it has been a co-cathedral in the diocese of Ariano Irpino-Lacedonia.

## History

Lacedonia has been the seat of a bishopric since the 11th century. The present church however was built at the end of the 17th century, after an earthquake had almost completely destroyed the town. The works, under the direction of Bishop Gian Battista La Morea, began with the laying of the first stone on 28 September 1689 and were completed in 1709. The former cathedral had been inconveniently distant from the town and the new one was laid out on the site of four old churches or chapels in the centre of the inhabited area. As an inscription records, the cathedral was consecrated on 19 October 1766 by Bishop Nicola D'Amato, who was also responsible for the internal decoration of the building and its elevation to the status of a minor basilica. Initially it had only one nave; the two side aisles were added in 1860. The building was damaged by earthquakes in 1930 and 1980, and was restored each time with some modifications to the structure.

## Description

The west front has a fine central portal in stone, flanked by a bell tower in travertine, built in 1751. The interior, divided into three aisles, preserves works from the 17th and 18th centuries. The most significant is a wooden altar of the 16th century painted with a triptych of high-quality workmanship but uncertain attribution: in the 19th century it was attributed to Andrea Sabatini of Salerno or Francesco da Tolentino, but since the latest restoration it has been attributed to Antoniazzo Romano or a member of his school. On the central part of the triptych is the figure of the Virgin Mary holding the Christ child who is giving a blessing and holding a swallow in his left hand, while on the two sides are the figures of saints and archangels.
# 1988 WTA German Open

The 1988 WTA German Open was a women's tennis tournament played on outdoor clay courts at the Rot-Weiss Tennis Club in Berlin, West Germany that was part of Tier I of the 1988 WTA Tour. It was the 19th edition of the tournament and was held from 9 May through 15 May 1988. First-seeded Steffi Graf won her third consecutive singles title at the event.

## Finals
### Singles

Steffi Graf defeated Helena Suková 6–3, 6–2
* It was Graf's 4th singles title of the year and the 23rd of her career.

### Doubles

Isabelle Demongeot / Nathalie Tauziat defeated Claudia Kohde-Kilsch / Helena Suková 6–2, 4–6, 6–4
* It was Demongeot's 1st title of the year and the 2nd of her career. It was Tauziat's 1st title of the year and the 2nd of her career.
# Madeira Botanical Garden

Madeira Botanical Garden (Portuguese: Jardim Botânico da Madeira) is a botanical garden in Funchal, Madeira, opened to the public in 1960. The area was previously part of an estate belonging to the family of William Reid, founder of Reid's Hotel.

## Collections

The garden is divided into six areas:
* Madeiran indigenous and endemic species
* arboretum (collection of trees and shrubs)
* succulent plants
* agro-industrial plants
* medicinal and aromatic plants
* palm trees and cycads
Arboretum is located in the north part of the Garden, succulent plants in centre-east, agro-industrial plants in the center, palm trees in the south. Remaining parts of the Garden are covered with flowers other flora species.
The gardens include a bird park (Louro Bird Park) and a three-room Natural History Museum. There is a collection of around 300 exotic birds, including Blue and Yellow Macaw, Cockatoo, Parrots and Lory in the exotic bird park.
# Liberator Party (Brazil)

The Liberator Party (Portuguese: Partido Libertador, PL) was a political party in Brazil which existed for two periods between 1928 and 1937 and then between 1945 and 1965. The PL's first incarnation was founded by members of the Rio Grande do Sul Federalist Party, notably Joaquim Francisco de Assis Brasil. Despite being the traditional opponents of the Riograndense Republican Party, it participated in the Gaucho United Front (Frente Única Gaúcha) which supported the candidacy of Getúlio Vargas in the 1930 election. It supported the Revolution of 1930 which led to the overthrow of the Old Republic and the accession of Vargas to the presidency. The PL was abolished in 1937, following Vargas' self-coup and the establishment of the Estado Novo.
The PL was re-founded in 1945, following the fall of the Estado Novo. Concentrated primarily in the pampas of Rio Grande do Sul, it supported a parliamentary system but never achieved electoral success.
Like all parties of that era, it was abolished by the military regime in 1965.
# Hanis, Iran

Hanis (Persian: هانيس, also romanized as Hānīs) is a village in Howmeh Rural District, in the Central District of Sanandaj County, Kurdistan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 510, in 110 families. The village is populated by Kurds.
The meaning of Hanis means land full of water, from which this edited name Kanis is taken. Hanis is a village close to Sanandaj city, which has amazing nature and hardworking people. Hanis has high mountains, the highest of which is called Gaele Rei, which means a place where only an ibex can climb. This village has an agricultural and horticultural area. The climate of this village is very cold and snowy in winter and mild in summer. The products of this village include walnuts, almonds, plums, peaches, grapes, summer fruits, wheat, sunflower seeds, etc.
# Rikard Sjöblom

Rikard Sjöblom (born 23 February 1982) is a Swedish singer and musician, best known as a member of Beardfish and Big Big Train, and also for his solo project, Gungfly.

## Biography

Sjöblom started playing accordion at age 6, under the encouragement of his grandfather. He started playing guitar at age 10, and bought a Hammond organ at age 17. He started playing guitar because of metal bands like Helloween, Iron Maiden and Metallica.
After buying a Hammond organ, he formed a duo with drummer Petter Diamant called Bootcut, who released two CDs, Hammond vs Drums (2002) and De Fluff (2005) and a digital release called Suspended Animation. They continue to be active to the present day, and released an album in 2017.
He formed Beardfish in 2001, with guitarist David Zackrisson (with whom he had played in a Grunge band called Wooderson), drummer Petter Diamant (of Bootcut) and bassist Gabriel Olsson. Diamant soon left the band due to not being into the bands progressive direction. He was replaced by Magnus Östgren. The next addition to the band was multi-instrumentalist Stefan Aronsson in 2002 who played keyboards, guitar and flute. Olsson was replaced Robert Hansen later in 2002. Aronsson left in 2003 reverting the band to a four piece line-up which it would stay until 2015, when they toured with keyboardist Martin Borgh. Beardish mainly made progressive rock music, as well as verging into metal with The Void (2012).
Sjöblom has also performed with The Tangent, providing narration.
Sjöblom was recruited by Big Big Train in 2014 as a touring guitarist and keyboardist, as the band was considering the possibility of live performances. He has since become a permanent member appearing on all of their releases since Wassail (2015).
Gungfly is Sjoblom's pseudonym for his solo work, he releases studio work and also performs live under the name.

## Discography
### with Bootcut

* Real Music Beauty Of Soul (2000) demo
* Hammond vs Drums (2002)
* De Fluff (2006)
* Suspended Animation (2013)

### Solo

* Kretslopp (2001)
* Cyklonmannen (2006) with Den Gyllene Orkestern
* The Unbendable Sleep (2016)

### as Gungfly

* Please Be Quiet (2009)
* Lamentations (2011)
* On Her Journey To The Sun (2017)
* Friendship (2018)
* Alone Together (2020)

### Other releases

| Year | Band | Title | Notes |
| 2001 | Wooderson | Wooderson | album by band with David Zackrisson |
| 2008 | Ground Mower | Ground Mower | Hammond organ |
| 2009 | Anna Frank | Harriets' Grief | noises on one track |
| 2010 | The Saigon Sickness | Invocation Of My Demon Brothers | organ on four tracks |
| 2013 | The Tangent | Le Sacre Du Travail | narration on one track |
| 2020 | Dyble Longdon | Between A Breath And A Breath | accordion on one track |
# Ashot Khachatryan

Ashot Sureni Khachatryan (Armenian: Աշոտ Սուրենի Խաչատրյան; born 3 August 1959) is a retired football defender from Armenia. He obtained a total number of five caps for the national team. Khachatryan made his debut on 14 October 1992 against Moldova (0–0).
# Nzhdeh, Armenia

Nzhdeh (Armenian: Նժդեհ) is a village in the Sisian Municipality of the Syunik Province in Armenia.

## Demographics

The Statistical Committee of Armenia reported the community's population as 188 in 2010, up from 185 at the 2001 census. The village's population was 92 at the 2011 census, down from 114 at the 2001 census.

## Municipal administration

The village was previously the center of a municipal community, which included the village of Tsghuni.
# Sufian, Kurdistan

Sufian (Persian: صوفيان, also Romanized as Şūfīān, Şūfeyān, and Sūfiyān) is a village in Arandan Rural District, in the Central District of Sanandaj County, Kurdistan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 271, in 62 families. The village is populated by Kurds.
# Bulgaran is Gallant

Bulgaran is Gallant (Bulgarian: Българан е галант, romanized: Bŭlgaran e galant) is the first Bulgarian feature film. It is a silent black-and-white comedy written and directed by Vasil Gendov who also stars as the main protagonist Bulgaran. There are different accounts as to when exactly the film was first shown. According to Gendov, shooting started on 16 May 1910 and the première was in the Modern Theatre in Sofia on 22 June 1910. However, the earliest written record of a showing of the film points to 13 January 1915 as the date of the première. The film was almost entirely destroyed during the World War II bombardment of Sofia. All that remains is one or two frames.

## Plot

Bulgaran is an elegant and outgoing gentleman. He meets a young lady in the street of the city and starts flirting with her. However, she decides to teach him a lesson and asks if he would accompany her to the marketplace. There she goes on a shopping spree, but it turns out she had left all her money home. The lady asks Bulgaran to lend her some to which plea he readily agrees.
The lady then takes the gentleman to a fancy restaurant where she orders expensive drinks and refreshments, all to Bulgaran's expense. When they are finished in the restaurant Bulgaran is asked to carry the parcels with the lady's purchases to her home. On the way to there, they meet her husband and the lady proposes the couple took a cab to their house so they can relieve the "porter" from his heavy duty. The couple takes the cab leaving the bewildered Bulgaran a coin for his services.

## Cast

* Vasil Gendov - Bulgaran
* Mara Miyateva-Lipina - the Lady
* Angelov - the Husband
* Metodi Stanoev - first passer-by
* Todor Stamboliev - second passer-by
* Anton Delbelo - restaurant client

## References and notes

* 1 2 3 Kardzhilov, Peter (1987). Bulgarian Feature Films - An Annotated Illustrated Filmography - Volume I (1915 - 1948) (in Bulgarian and English). Sofia: Dr. Peter Beron State Publishing House. pp. 62–63.
* ↑ Ivanova, Iliana. "Преди 100 години филмът "Българан е галант" поставя началото на българското кино". glasove.com (in Bulgarian). Archived from the original on 26 May 2015. Retrieved 21 May 2015.
# 2004 in Germany

Events in the year 2004 in Germany.

## Incumbents

* President – Johannes Rau (until 30 July), Horst Köhler (starting 30 July)
* Chancellor – Gerhard Schröder

## Events
### February

* 5–15 February - 54th Berlin International Film Festival

### March

* 19 March: Germany in the Eurovision Song Contest 2004

### June

* 9 June: 2004 Cologne bombing

### August

* 2 August: Protests against Hartz IV reforms
* 21 August: The Berlin Rules on Water Resources are adopted by the International Law Association.

### September

* 19 September: The Far Right National Democratic Party of Germany (NPD) won 12 seats in the 2004 Saxony state election. This is the first time since the 1960s that the party had seats in a state parliament.

### December

* 26 December: Several thousands of Germans are among thousands of people killed by the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami.

## Elections

* 2004 German presidential election
* 2004 European Parliament election in Germany
* 2004 Brandenburg state election
* 2004 Hamburg state election
* 2004 Saarland state election
* 2004 Saxony state election
* 2004 Thuringian state election

## Sport

* 2003–04 Bundesliga
* 2003–04 2. Bundesliga
* 2003–04 Deutsche Eishockey Liga season
* 2004 BMW Open
* 2004 German Grand Prix
* 2004 European Grand Prix
* 2004 German motorcycle Grand Prix

## Births

* 15 November — Vincent Keymer, German chess prodigy
* 20 November — Youssoufa Moukoko, German professional footballer.

## Deaths

* 6 February - Claus Hinrich Casdorff, German journalist and writer (born 1925)
* 14 May - Günter Gaus, German journalist, commentator and diplomat (born 1929)
* 19 May - Carl Raddatz, German actor (born 1912)
* 24 May - Friedrich Wilhelm Christians, German banker (born 1922)
* 16 June - Ursula Lillig, German actress (born 1938)
* 8 July - Albert Friedlander, German rabbi and teacher (born 1927)
* 10 July - Inge Meysel, German actress (born 1910)
* 22 July - Bodo Hauser, German journalist and writer (born 1946)
* 11 August -Wolfgang Mommsen, German historian (born 1930)
* 19 August - Günter Rexrodt, German politician (born 1941)
* 4 October - Helmut Bantz, German gymnast (born 1921)
* 17 October - Andreas Sassen, football player (born 1968)
* 28 September - Christl Cranz, German alpine racer (born 1914)
* 1 December - Prince Bernhard of Lippe-Biesterfeld, German-born prince who was the consort of Queen Juliana of the Netherlands (born 1911)
* 12 December - Herbert Dreilich, German rock musician (born 1942)
* Unknown - OUBEY, visual artist (born 1958)
# Rapid plasma reagin

The rapid plasma reagin test (RPR test or RPR titer) is a type of rapid diagnostic test that looks for non-specific antibodies in the blood of the patient that may indicate an infection by syphilis or related non-venereal treponematoses. It is one of several nontreponemal tests for syphilis (along with the Wassermann test and the VDRL test). The term reagin means that this test does not look for antibodies against the bacterium itself, Treponema pallidum, but rather for antibodies against substances released by cells when they are damaged by T. pallidum (cardiolipin and lecithin). Traditionally, syphilis serologic testing has been performed using a nontreponemal test (NTT) such as the RPR or VDRL test, with positive results then confirmed using a specific treponemal test (TT) such as TPPA or FTA-ABS. This method is endorsed by the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and is the standard in many parts of the world. After screening for syphilis, a titer can be used to track the progress of the disease over time and its response to therapy.

## Accuracy

The RPR test is an effective screening test that is very good at detecting syphilis in people without symptoms. The NTT screening tests should always be followed up by a more specific treponemal test. Tests based on monoclonal antibodies and immunofluorescence, including T. pallidum hemagglutination assay (TPHA) and fluorescent treponemal antibody absorption (FTA-ABS) are more specific and more expensive. Nontreponemal tests (NTT) measure levels of immunoglobulin G (IgG) and immunoglobulin M (IgM) antibodies produced by the host in response to lipoidal material (mostly cardiolipin) released from damaged host cells. It is also generally believed that some cardiolipin is released by the spirochetes.

## Alternatives

Another test often used to screen for syphilis is the Venereal Disease Research Laboratory (VDRL) slide test. However, the RPR test is generally preferred due to its ease of use. Other types of tests are being evaluated as possible alternatives to standard manual RPR testing. One of these alternatives is a fully automated RPR syphilis analyzer. It also returns positive for other, non-venereal treponematoses. It has been recommended that a careful explanation of this fact be included with test results.
# Karki, Azerbaijan

Karki (Azerbaijani: Kərki) or Tigranashen (Armenian: Տիգրանաշեն) is a village that is de jure an enclave and exclave of Azerbaijan, de facto under the control of Armenia, administered within the Ararat Municipality of the Ararat Province. The main highway connecting northern Armenia with southern Armenia passes right by the village. Today the village is mostly inhabited by Armenians, both locals and refugees from Azerbaijan.

## Geography

The village is located on the bank of the Akhuryan River near the Yerevan–Jermuk highway, which is 15 kilometres (9.3 mi) away from the district centre. The area of the village itself is 950 hectares (2,300 acres).

## History

The village was captured by Armenian forces on 19 January 1990, during the First Nagorno-Karabakh War.
Since May 1992, following the First Nagorno-Karabakh War, Karki has been controlled by Armenia, which governs the 19 km$^2$ (7.3 sq mi) territory as part of its Ararat Province.
After the war, many of the former inhabitants of Karki resettled in a new village, Yeni Kərki (New Karki), created within the Kangarli District of Azerbaijan.

## Demographics

According to the 1910 publication of Kavkazskiy kalendar, Karki (Кярки) had a predominantly Tatar population of 244 in 1908. This number increased slightly to 245 in 1911.
The village had a present population of 151, and a permanent population of 154 in 2011.

## Gallery

* View of the village from north-south Armenian highway.
# Orlovets

Orlovets (Bulgarian: Орловец) is a summit in the northwestern part of the Rila mountain range in southwestern Bulgaria reaching height of 2,686 m. It is located on the boundary between Rila National Park and Rila Monastery Nature Park, to the east of the major summit of Malyovitsa (2,729 m).
Orlovets is situated on the main orographic ridge of northwestern Rila west of the summit of Zlia Zab (2,678 m), linked through a narrow rocky saddle. On the southern face of the saddle a steep gully named the Blue Gully descends to the valley of the Rilska River some 1,200 m below. To the west of Orlovets the ridge reaches the summit of Eleni Vrah (2,654 m) through a jugged rocky saddle. This part of the main ridge has southern slopes, furrowed by gullies, where there are rockfalls, avalanches and torrential waters flows, known collectively of Zlite Pototsi, meaning "The Evil Streams".
The northern slopes of Orlovets are rocky. They form the limit of the Malyovitsa valley from the southeast, descending steeply to the valley. The southern slopes of the summit facing the valley of the Rilska River are more oblique in the upper section with grassy area.
Access by casual tourists is difficult, especially from the west; the easier trail is from the east.
The walls of Orlovets are important sites for alpine climbing. The northwestern wall is about 100 m high, built of granite and pegmatite slate; in some sections there are unstable rock blocks. It was climbed for the first time in 1935 by the German climbers Hermann Hund and Toni Wiedemann. The south wall is very good for climbing, but is rarely frequented due to the more inconvenient access.

## Citations

* ↑ Raduchev 1988, pp. 53–54
* 1 2 3 Grancharov 2000, pp. 41–42
* 1 2 Raduchev 1984, pp. 182–183
# Ilbenge

Ilbenge (Russian: Илбенге; Yakut: Илбэҥэ, İlbeŋe) is a rural locality (a selo), the administrative centre of and one of three settlements, in addition to Arylakh and Sortol, in Bappagayinsky Rural Okrug of Vilyuysky District in the Sakha Republic, Russia. It is located 215 kilometers (134 mi) from Vilyuysk, the administrative center of the district. Its population as of the 2010 Census was 651. of whom 306 were male and 345 female, down from 685 as recorded during the 2002 Census.