OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Henry John Jourdain

Sir Henry John Jourdain, KCMG, DL (1835 – 14 May 1901) was a British colonial official in the Colony of Mauritius.

## Career

Jourdain was born in 1835, the son of Frederick J. Jourdain, of London, whose family was of Huguenot descent. He was educated at Blackheath and in Paris.
Jourdain was employed in the colonial service, and went to Mauritius, where he was a government member on the General Board of Health from 1866 to 1874, and a member of the Legislative Council from 1868 until 1874. Following his return to the United Kingdom, he continued his connection to Mauritius, and was Honorary Commissioner for Mauritius at the Colonial and Indian Exhibition in 1886, the same year he was appointed a Companion of the Order of St Michael and St George (CMG) for his services to Mauritius. He was a representative of Mauritius on the Governing Body of the Imperial Institute from its opening in 1888 until his death, and a Vice-President of the Royal Colonial Institute.
He served as a Lieutenant for the City of London from November 1892.
He was created Knight Commander of the Order of St Michael and St George (KCMG) in the New Year Honours list on 1 January 1900, and received the order from Queen Victoria during an investiture at Windsor Castle on 1 March 1900. He was a Knight (Chevalier) of the Belgian Order of Leopold.
He died at his residence, The Elms, Watford, on 14 May 1901.

## Family

Jourdain married first, in 1860, Rosina Augusta Bourguignon, daughter G. C. Bourguignon of Neuveville, Switzerland and Mauritius. Following her death, he married secondly, in 1884, Ada Mary Currie, 2nd daughter of James P. Currie by his first wife Anna Dora Brett, sister of William Brett, 1st Viscount Esher. He had several children, including:
* Henry James Jourdain
* Percy F. C. Jourdain, an officer in the King's Royal Rifle Corps
* Charles Edward George Jourdain
* Ada Violet Emily Jourdain (d.1946), who married Brigadier-General Charles Arthur Bolton (1882–1964), and left children.
* Evelyn Jessie Jourdain, who married William Edward Blackett-Ord
# Golshekanan

Golshekanan (Persian: گلشكنان, also Romanized as Golshekanān and Gol Ashkanān) is a village in Sofla Rural District, Zavareh District, Ardestan County, Isfahan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 65, in 34 families.
# Marshal of Holland

Marshal of Holland (Dutch: Maarschalk van Holland; French: Maréchal de Hollande) was an honorary title bestowed on military leaders of the Kingdom of Holland, a client state of Napoleon's French Empire which encompassed most of the modern-day state of the Netherlands. The title was based on Marshal of the Empire, installed by Napoleon in 1804 to replace the previous title Marshal of France.
After Napoleon's brother Louis Bonaparte was crowned King of Holland in 1806, Louis created the title Marshal of Holland by decree on 21 December of that year. On Napoleon's orders, Louis rescinded the title four years later, on 4 February 1810, some months before Napoleon removed Louis from the throne and incorporated Holland into his French empire. The marshals were compensated with new imperial titles, such as Comte de l'Empire.
The title Marshal of Holland was not equal to the rank of field marshal (veldmaarschalk). This rank had been dropped when the Batavian Republic was installed in 1795, and was not restored until the end of the Napoleonic era. The first to be given the rank, on 7 May 1815 (about a month before the Battle of Waterloo), was Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington. In 1914, the rank of field marshal was again rescinded, and is no longer in use in the Dutch military today.

## Recipients

The title Marshal of Holland was bestowed on the following military leaders of the Kingdom of Holland:
* Carel Hendrik Ver Huell (1764–1845), admiral, created Marshal of Holland on 21 December 1806
* Jan Willem de Winter (1761–1812), admiral, created Marshal of Holland on 21 December 1806
* Jean-Baptiste Dumonceau (1760–1821), general, created Marshal of Holland on 21 December 1806
* Jan Hendrik van Kinsbergen (1735–1819), admiral, created Marshal of Holland on 21 December 1806
* Philip Julius van Zuylen van Nijevelt (1743–1826), general, created Marshal of Holland on 21 December 1806
* Herman Willem Daendels (1762–1818), general, created Marshal of Holland in February 1807
# Thubana leucosphena

Thubana leucosphena is a species of moth of the family Lecithoceridae. It is found in China (Anhui, Fujian, Jiangxi, Henan, Hunan, Hubei, Guizhou and Zhejiang) and Vietnam.
# Harold Hassall

Harold William Hassall (4 March 1929 – 30 January 2015) was a professional footballer, who played as a forward for Huddersfield Town and Bolton Wanderers in the 1940s and 1950s.
Harold was one of four Hassall brothers. He lived relatively near to where he was born. He also played 5 matches for England, in which he scored 4 goals.
He coached Malaysia national football team from 1969 to 1970.
Harold's career was ended earlier than expected due to a serious knee injury picked up during his Bolton days on New Year's Day 1955.
He died in Bolton on 30 January 2015.

## Honours

Bolton Wanderers
* FA Cup runner-up: 1952–53
# Mal-e Kayid

Mal-e Kayid (Persian: مالكايد, also Romanized as Māl-e Kāyīd; also known as Māl-e Qāyed) is a village in Howmeh-ye Sharqi Rural District, in the Central District of Ramhormoz County, Khuzestan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 367, in 76 families.
# Sappy (Red Velvet song)

"Sappy" is a song recorded by South Korean girl group Red Velvet for their second Japanese extended play (EP) of the same name. The song was released as the group's first digital single from the EP on January 6, 2019, by SM Entertainment and Avex Trax. Composed by Maria Marcus, Andreas Öberg, and Emyli with lyrics written by MEG.ME, it is an electro-pop and dance-pop song. The song tells about a boy picking between two love interests. It charted at number 13 on the Billboard World Digital Songs chart.

## Background and composition

On January 5, 2019, it was announced that Red Velvet will be releasing a digital single on January 6 at midnight JST (UTC+09:00). On the same day, SM Entertainment released a video teaser for the song on its official YouTube channel.
"Sappy" was composed by Maria Marcus, Andreas Öberg, and Emyli, while the lyrics were written by MEG.ME. Musically, the song was described as a brassy electro-pop and dance-pop track. Tamar Herman of Billboard noted the switching up of the single's momentum while "vacillating between the boisterous chants of the chorus and the melodic verses that explode with Red Velvet's powerful vocals". Takuo Matsumoto of Real Sound described the rare way for the Red Velvet to make a Japanese single with a pattern A-melody, B-melody, and chorus, emphasizing the "freshness" with elaborated chord progressions and melody lines. It is composed in the key of F minor, with a tempo of 106 beats per minute. Lyrically, the song tells a "Sappy" boy to pick between two love interests.

## Promotion and reception

The music video for "Sappy" was released on January 5, 2019. It shows variety of sets where Red Velvet interacts and spends their time playing around with foam while washing cars. Tamar Herman of Billboard described the "colorful, industrial setting and the peppy, hand-oriented" moves of the choreography, noting that it is a "bit of a throwback" to "Dumb Dumb" (2015). The song debuted at number 13 on the US Billboard World Digital Song Sales chart.

## Credits and personnel

Credits adapted from the liner notes of Sappy.
Studio
* Recorded at MonoTree Studio
* Edited at Victor Studio
* Mastered for One Up Mastering
Personnel
* Red Velvet (Irene, Seulgi, Wendy, Joy, Yeri) – vocals, background vocals
* MEG.ME – lyrics
* Maria Marcus – composition, track production
* Andreas Öberg – composition
* Emyli – composition
* G-high – vocal directing, Pro Tools operation, recording
* Shigeru Tanida – editing
* Jon Rezin – mixing
* John Horesco – mastering

## Charts

Weekly chart performance for "Sappy" :
| Chart (2019) | Peak position |
| US World Digital Song Sales (Billboard) | 13 |

## Release history

Release dates and formats for "Sappy" :
| Region | Date | Format(s) | Label(s) | Ref. |
| Various | January 6, 2019 | Digital downloadstreaming | SM EntertainmentAvex Trax | |
# Ebrahimabad-e Bala

Ebrahimabad-e Bala (Persian: ابراهيم ابادبالا, also Romanized as Ebrāhīmābād-e Bālā; also known as Korīt-e Bālā) is a village in Nakhlestan Rural District, in the Central District of Tabas County, South Khorasan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 187, in 47 families.
# Taftazan

Taftazan (Persian: تفتازان, also Romanized as Taftāzān) is a village in Qushkhaneh-ye Bala Rural District, Qushkhaneh District, Shirvan County, North Khorasan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 334, in 81 families.
# Mashhadi, Khuzestan

Mashhadi (Persian: مشهدي, also Romanized as Mashhadī; also known as Boneh-ye Khanjar, Khanjar, and Masḩadī) is a village in Shahid Modarres Rural District, in the Central District of Shushtar County, Khuzestan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 61, in 13 families.
# İske Äğbäz

İske Äğbäz (Tatar: Иске Әгъбәз, romanized: İske Äğbäz) is a rural locality (a selo) in Aqtanış District, Tatarstan. The population was 304 as of 2010. İske Äğbäz is located 40 km from Aqtanış, district's administrative centre, and 357 km from Qazan, republic's capital, by road. The earliest known record of the settlement dates from 1731. There are 1 streets in the village.
# Science Fair (film)

Science Fair is a 2018 National Geographic documentary film that premiered at the 2018 Sundance Film Festival, winning the first ever Festival Favorite Award.

## Synopsis

It covers the lives of 9 teenagers as they prepare for the Intel International Science and Engineering Fair. Characters followed in the film include Serena McCalla, Ph.D. the sole educator in the documentary, coined the "Godmother of Science Research", Kashfia Rahman, a student from South Dakota who did research on the effects of risk-taking behaviors in teenagers, Anjali Chadha, a student from Kentucky who designed a project to test for arsenic, Ivo Zell, a German student who designed a new method of airplane propulsion, and two Brazilian students who innovate a way to treat the Zika virus.

## Reception
### Awards

Regarding the Festival Favorite Award, it was described as "so engaging and inspiring that we felt it would delight audiences and be a strong contender for this award" by the director of the Sundance Film Festival, and as "an ode to the teenage science geeks on whom our future depends". The movie also received the Festival Favorite award from the 2018 South by Southwest Film Festival and the Best Documentary Award from the 2018 Portland International Film Festival. It was nominated for an Emmy for Outstanding Science and Technology Documentary at the 40th News and Documentary Emmy Award.
# Sayd

Sayd is a fictional character in the DC Comics universe. She is a member of the Guardians of the Universe. Where most of the Guardians are void of emotion and rigid in their compliance to standard policy, Sayd's sensibilities are more in line with those of Ganthet, a Guardian known for his non-traditional mindset, and the two eventually marry.

## Fictional character biography

Sayd is among the Guardians of the Universe who are resurrected when Kyle Rayner (as Ion) relights the Central Power Battery.

### Book of Oa

In Green Lantern (vol. 4) #24, Sayd reads a forbidden chapter from the Book of Oa that predicts the Blackest Night. The other Guardians dismiss her concerns, ignore the prophecy, and destroy the pages containing it. Following the Sinestro Corps War, Sayd and Ganthet are banished from the Guardians for refusing to suppress their emotions and become founding members of the Blue Lantern Corps.

### Blackest Night

In Blackest Night, Sayd helps battle Nekron and the Black Lantern Corps and becomes an Orange Lantern at Larfleeze's request. She later steals rings from the other Corps in an attempt to bring the New Guardians together.

### DC Rebirth

In the Phantom Lantern storyline, Ganthet and Sayd unsuccessfully attempt to resurrect the Blue Lantern Corps with help from Saint Walker and the White Lantern Corps. Sayd returns to Odym, the former base of the Blue Lanterns, where she is killed by Krona.

## In other media

* Sayd appears in Green Lantern: The Animated Series, voiced by Susanne Blakeslee.
* Sayd appears in Green Lantern (2011).
# Sella Towers

The Sella Towers (German: Sellatürme; Italian: Torri del Sella) are four summits in the Sella group in South Tyrol, Italy.
# Chain Bridge (Nuremberg)

The Chain Bridge (German: Kettensteg) is a pedestrian chain bridge in Nuremberg, Germany. The bridge crosses the river Pegnitz just a few meters upriver of Fronveste and Schlayerturm, fortifications in the course of the medieval city wall guarding the river's exit from the town. It connects Maxplatz in Sebalder Altstadt (the old quarter north of the river) with Untere Kreuzgasse in Lorenz, the quarter on the south side of the river.
The Chain Bridge was built in 1824 and is thus the oldest surviving chain bridge on the European continent. It was not given any specific name, but the public used to call it by what it appeared to be: a narrow pedestrian bridge (German: Steg) with chains (German: Ketten).
The bridge has two spans of 33 m each and a total length of 68 m. On either side, there are two strands of wrought iron eyebars, originally supported by three wooden towers standing on the banks of the river and on the small island, and anchored in solid masonry blocks on either side. The wooden deck was suspended from the chains by hangers, also of wrought iron.
The wooden towers were damaged by the very high floods of 1909 and, thereafter, replaced by towers of iron trusses still in existence.
As in most early suspension bridges, its bridge deck was not stiff and easily developed swaying motions under the steps of the pedestrians—and some youths enjoyed provoking the swaying on purpose. Eventually, in 1927 a police ordinance was issued in order to stop such dangerous actions. In 1930, the bridge deck was stiffened by steel girders and wooden piles were placed in the river supporting the deck. In the Nazi era, the official opinion was to remove it altogether, which was only prevented by the outbreak of war in 1939.
In 2009, the wooden piles were not safe any more and the bridge had to be closed. Substantial donations of citizens and local companies allowed a complete reconstruction, using as much as possible of the original structure and reinstating the suspension bridge structure without any other supports. The renewed wooden deck was stiffened by integrating a flat steel box girder into it, which is hardly visible. On 22 December 2010 the bridge was reopened to pedestrian use.
# The Moon and Other Lovers

The Moon and Other Lovers (German: Der Mond und andere Liebhaber) is a 2008 German tragicomic film written and directed by Bernd Böhlich. It was entered into the 30th Moscow International Film Festival.

## Cast

* Katharina Thalbach as Hanna Lottner
* Fritzi Haberlandt as Daniela 'Dani'
* Birol Ünel as Gansar
* Steffen Scheumann as Knuti
* Andreas Schmidt as Siggi
# Tulak, Iran

Tulak (Persian: تولك, also Romanized as Tūlak) is a village in Gowavar Rural District, Govar District, Gilan-e Gharb County, Kermanshah Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 154, in 33 families.
# Charles Bowles (mayor)

Charles E. Bowles (March 24, 1884 – July 30, 1957) was an American politician from Michigan, and served as Mayor of Detroit in 1930.

## Life and career

Charles Bowles was born on March 24, 1884, in Yale, Michigan, the son of Alfred and Mary Lutz Bowles. He graduated from Ferris Institute (now Ferris State University) in 1904, received a law degree from the University of Michigan in 1908, and was admitted to the bar in 1909. He married Ruth Davis in 1915; the couple had one daughter, Helen Ruth Bowles.
Bowles entered politics from obscurity and to run for the mayor's office vacated by Frank Ellsworth Doremus's resignation in 1925. He was openly supported by the Ku Klux Klan. He ran third in the primary election behind John W. Smith and Joseph A. Martin, eliminating him from the ballot in the general election. However, Bowles continued his campaign as a write-in candidate, and nearly won, losing only after 15,000 ballots were disqualified. Bowles ran unsuccessfully for mayor once more the next year. After his mayoral run, he obtained a position as judge on the recorder's court. He was re-elected to his judgeship, but resigned to make one more run at the mayor's office in 1929.
Bowles defeated John C. Lodge in the primary and John W. Smith in the general election to win office. Bowles had campaigned as an anti-crime reformer, but when he fired Police Commissioner Harold Emmons after the latter had ordered a series of raids, he was accused of "tolerating lawlessness" and a recall election was instituted barely six months after he had entered office. Multiple people campaigned for Bowles's recall, including radio commentator Jerry Buckley. The recall was successful, but on the morning after, Buckley was shot in a hotel lobby. Although evidence later surfaced indicating the murder had more to do with underworld blackmail than politics, the murder of Buckley cast suspicion on Bowles. Bowles ran in the mayoral election a month later, but lost to Frank Murphy.
Later in his career he unsuccessfully ran for both the Michigan State House and U.S. House, as well as Detroit mayor.
Charles Bowles died on July 30, 1957, and is buried in Evergreen Cemetery.
# Harold Rose

Harold Bernard Rose (27 March 1900 – May 1990) was an English football player and manager.

## Playing career

Rose, who played as a centre half, played in the Football League for Reading and Bristol Rovers. He also played for Reading Liberal Club, Imperial, Mid Rhondda United and Ebbw Vale.

## Coaching career

Rose managed Dutch side Ajax between 1925 and 1926.

## Personal life

He was married to Edith Ward.
# Morel's Invention (film)

Morel's Invention (Italian: L'invenzione di Morel) is a 1974 Italian science fiction film directed by Emidio Greco and starring Anna Karina. It is based on the novel The Invention of Morel by Adolfo Bioy Casares.

## Cast

* Anna Karina as Faustine
* Giulio Brogi as The Castaway
* John Steiner as Morel
* Anna-Maria Gherardi
* Ezio Marano
* Claudio Trionfi
* Laura De Marchi
* Valeria Sabel
* Roberto Herlitzka
# Varagavan

Varagavan (Armenian: Վարագավան) is a village in the Berd Municipality of the Tavush Province of Armenia. The 13th-century Nor Varagavank monastery is located 3.5 km southwest of Varagavan.

## Gallery

* Scenery around Varagavan
* Nor Varagavank
# Dalavan

Dalavan (Persian: دالاوان, also Romanized as Dālāvān) is a village in Piran Rural District, in the Central District of Piranshahr County, West Azerbaijan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 199, in 35 families.
# Zherav Island

Zherav Island (Bulgarian: остров Жерав, romanized: ostrov Zherav, IPA:) is a mostly ice-covered island in the Wauwermans Islands group of Wilhelm Archipelago in the Antarctic Peninsula region. It is 1.71 km long (measured west-southwest to east-northeast) and 377 m wide; its surface area is 29.55 ha.
Zherav Island is so named because of its shape supposedly resembling a common crane in flight ('zherav' is the Bulgarian for that bird) and in association with other descriptive names of islands in the area.

## Location

According to British mapping in 2001, Zherav Island is located at 64°58′23″S 63°52′58″W﻿ / ﻿64.97306°S 63.88278°W﻿ / -64.97306; -63.88278, which is 3.55 km south-southeast of Host Island, 4 km west of Brown Island, 194 m north of Kril Island, 7.19 km north-northwest of False Cape Renard on Graham Land, and 5.74 km northeast of Mishka Island in the Dannebrog Islands group.

## Maps

* British Admiralty Nautical Chart 446 Anvers Island to Renaud Island. Scale 1:150000. Admiralty, UK Hydrographic Office, 2001
* Brabant Island to Argentine Islands. Scale 1:250000 topographic map. British Antarctic Survey, 2008
* Antarctic Digital Database (ADD). Scale 1:250000 topographic map of Antarctica. Scientific Committee on Antarctic Research (SCAR). Since 1993, regularly upgraded and updated
# Florian Kapała Stadium

The Florian Kapała Stadium (Polish: Stadion żużlowy im. Floriana Kapały Rawicz) is a 7,000-capacity motorcycle speedway stadium in the northwest area of Rawicz, Poland.
The venue is used by the speedway team Kolejarz Rawicz, who compete in the Team Speedway Polish Championship.

## History

The stadium hosted speedway before World War II but it was not until 1948 that Kolejarz Rawicz became the tenants of the stadium.
On 26 March 2008, the club renamed their stadium to the Florian Kapała Stadium, named after a former rider Florian Kapała, who died in 2007. Two months later on 22 May 2008, the venue hosted the 2008 Team Speedway Junior European Championship, which was the inaugural edition of the competition.
# Larry Koroloff

Larry Koroloff (Bulgarian: Лабро (Лари) Лазов Королов) is a Bulgarian-Canadian historian, linguist, and educator, activist of the Macedonian Patriotic Organization, editor-in-chief of the “Macedonian Tribune” newspaper, and head of the patriotic organization “Macedonia: Switzerland on the Balkans”, situated in Toronto.

## Biography

Larry Koroloff was born in 1951 in Toronto, Canada, in the family of the Bulgarian émigré Lazar Koroloff. Through his mother's family he is a relative of the Macedonian Bulgarian revolutionaries Nikola Kuzinchev and Lazar Poptraykov. Koroloff has graduated from the University of Toronto, where he studied French and Russian philology and pedagogy. He has taught history, French, Russian, and English, as well as English literature, in various high schools in his home city.
Koroloff has authored scientific publications on the Kostur dialect. His book about the village of Drenoveni in the Kastoria region, where both his paternal and maternal ancestors lived, has received praise from the scientific community as a source of “unique ethnographic, linguistic, and historical information”, which “greatly enhances our understanding of the history, ethnology, and the language of the southwesternmost parts of Macedonia” and “will be the basis for any further research in that field“. The book presents the history, language, traditions, and folklore of the village and the surrounding region in the Aegean Macedonia. It also covers the activity of the Bulgarian Exarchate и IMARO, historic events like the Ilinden–Preobrazhenie Uprising, as well as the Greek administration in the 1912–1950 years. The research is based on interviews with numerous people from the village, who had emigrated to North America, and on voluminous historiographical and dialectological literature. Larry Koroloff also financed the printing of the book “Bulgarian Dialect Texts from Aegean Macedonia“ of the notable Bulgarian dialectologist and phonologist Blagoy Shklifov, and sponsored its publication by the Bulgarian Academy of Sciences in 2003.
Larry Koroloff was a member of the Central Committee of the Macedonian Patriotic Organization in 2010–2014. He was the editor-in-chief from September 2011 to June, 2023, of the “Macedonian Tribune” newspaper, “the oldest Macedonian newspaper in the world published continuously since February 10, 1927”.
Koroloff has been awarded with the highest award of the Bulgarian Ministry of Foreign Affairs, the “Golden Laurel Branch”, for his “many-year activity and contribution to the preservation of the Bulgarian nature of the [Macedonian Patriotic Organization], for strengthening of the national and cultural identity of the Bulgarian emigrants in Canada”.
   “Your life and your deed are an example of inspiration. I hope that many young Bulgarians, both here and beyond the Atlantic Ocean, will follow your deed. Thank you for passing over the Bulgarian national spirit to the future generations and thus making us feel worthy for being Bulgarians and living in these lands”