OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Defence Industry Agency

In Turkey, Defence Industry Agency (Turkish: Savunma Sanayii Başkanlığı (SSB)); formerly Presidency of Defence Industries and Undersecretariat for Defence Industries (SSM) before that, is a civil institution established by the government to manage the Defence industry of Turkey and the supply of military technology. It was established under Law No. 3238 on 7 November 1985 under the name of "Defence Industry Development and Support Administration Office".
The Presidency has close relations with the Office of the President of Turkey, the Ministry of National Defence and the Turkish Armed Forces, as well as domestic and foreign defence industry companies. In addition to supporting projects and products based on domestic design and production, SSB gives importance to technological transfer of products and services acquired from foreign suppliers.
On 10 July 2018, it became affiliated with the Office of the President with the Presidential Decree No. 1 and its name was changed to "Presidency of Defence Industries".
On 14 December 2020, the United States Department of State issued sanctions against the Turkish Defense Industry including "prohibition on granting specific U.S. export licenses and authorizations for any goods or technology transferred to SSB".
On 16 May 2022, the agency has updated their logo and changed its English name to Defence Industry Agency from Presidency of Defence Industries; however the original Turkish name -Savunma Sanayii Başkanlığı- has been left untouched. At the same date, a new logo has been introduced to be more integrated with other agencies and presidencies of Turkey.

## Departments

* Personnel and Education Department
* Strategy Development Department
* Procurement Management Department
* Administrative and Financial Affairs Department
* Department of Industrialization
* R&D and Technology Management Department
* Quality-Testing and Certification Department
* International Cooperation Department
* Land Vehicles Department
* Marine Vehicles Department
* Department of Aircraft
* Helicopter Department
* Communications Electronics and Information Systems Department
* Space Department
* Weapon Systems Department
* Electronic Warfare and Radar Systems Department
* Unmanned and Intelligent Systems Department

## List of presidents

| No. | Name | Tenure started | Tenure ended |
| 1 | Vahit Erdem | 23 December 1985 | 19 July 1993 |
| 2 | Yalçın Burçak | 19 July 1993 | 31 January 2000 |
| 3 | Prof. Dr. Dursun Ali Ercan | 31 January 2000 | 6 February 2004 |
| 4 | Murad Bayar | 6 February 2004 | 28 March 2014 |
| 5 | Faruk Özlü (acting) | 30 March 2014 | 11 April 2014 |
| 6 | Prof. Dr. İsmail Demir | 11 April 2014 | 5 Jun 2023 |
| 7 | Prof. Dr. Haluk Görgün | 5 Jun 2023 | Incumbent |
# Turkish Handball Super League

Turkish Handball Super League (Turkish: Türkiye Hentbol Süper Ligi) is the highest league in the Turkish handball and comprises the top 12 elite men teams. The league began in 1982–83.

## Structure

The season starts in the end of September with a regular season with 12 teams meeting each other twice. The four best teams after the regular season qualify for the play-off. After 1–4 and 2–3 clashes, the winners go to the league final.

## Turkish Handball Super League past champions

* 1979 : MTA SK Ankara
* 1980 : MTA SK Ankara (2)
* 1981 : Beşiktaş
* 1982 : Beşiktaş (2)
* 1983 : İstanbul Bankası Yenişehir
* 1984 : İstanbul Bankası Yenişehir (2)
* 1985 : Hortaş Yenişehir (3)
* 1986 : Tarsus Erkutspor
* 1987 : Halkbank
* 1988 : Halkbank (2)
* 1989 : Arçelik SK Istanbul
* 1990 : Polisgücü Eskisehir
* 1991 : Polisgücü Eskisehir (2)
* 1992 : Halkbank (3)
* 1993 : Polisgücü Eskisehir (3)
* 1994 : Halkbank (4)
* 1995 : Çankaya Belediye SK
* 1996 : Çankaya Belediye SK (2)
* 1997 : Çankaya Belediye SK (3)
* 1998 : ASKİ SK
* 1999 : Çankaya Belediye SK (4)
* 2000 : ASKİ SK (2)
* 2001 : ASKİ SK (3)
* 2002 : ASKİ SK (4)
* 2003 : ASKİ SK (5)
* 2004 : ASKİ SK (6)
* 2005 : Beşiktaş (3)
* 2006 : Spor Toto SK
* 2007 : Beşiktaş (4)
* 2008 : İzmir BŞB
* 2009 : Beşiktaş (5)
* 2010 : Beşiktaş (6)
* 2011 : Beşiktaş (7)
* 2012 : Beşiktaş (8)
* 2013 : Beşiktaş (9)
* 2014 : Beşiktaş (10)
* 2015 : Beşiktaş (11)
* 2016 : Beşiktaş (12)
* 2017 : Beşiktaş (13)
* 2018 : Beşiktaş (14)
* 2019 : Beşiktaş (15)
* 2020 : Cancelled due to COVID-19 pandemic
* 2021 : Spor Toto SK (2)
* 2022 : Beşiktaş (16)
* 2022 : Beykoz Belediye SK
* 2024 : Beşiktaş (17)
| | Club | Titles | Year |
| 1. | Beşiktaş | 17 | 1981, 1982, 2005, 2007, 2009, 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2022, 2024 |
| 2. | ASKI SK Ankara | 6 | 1998, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004 |
| 3. | Ankara Halkbank SK | 4 | 1987, 1988, 1992, 1994 |
| | Cankaya BGSK | 4 | 1995, 1996, 1997, 1999 |
| 5. | İstanbul Bankası Yenişehir | 3 | 1983, 1984, 1985 |
| | Polisgücü Eskisehir | 3 | 1990, 1991, 1993 |
| 7. | MTA SK Ankara | 2 | 1979, 1980 |
| | Maliye Milli Piyango SK | 2 | 2006, 2021 |
| 9. | Tarsus Idman Yurdu Erkutspor | 1 | 1986 |
| | Arçelik SK Istanbul | 1 | 1989 |
| | İzmir BŞB | 1 | 2008 |
| | Beykoz Belediye SK | 1 | 2023 |
# The Perfume of the Lady in Black (disambiguation)

The Perfume of the Lady in Black is a 1974 giallo film directed by Francesco Barilli.
The Perfume of the Lady in Black may also refer to:
* The Perfume of the Lady in Black (novel), a 1908 mystery novel by Gaston Leroux
* The Perfume of the Lady in Black (1931 film), a French mystery directed by Marcel L'Herbier
* The Perfume of the Lady in Black (1949 film), a French mystery directed by Louis Daquin
* The Perfume of the Lady in Black (2005 film), a French comedy mystery directed by Bruno Podalydès
# Nizampur National Park

The Nizampur National Park (Urdu: نظام پور نیشنل پارک) is situated in the Nowshera District of the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province in Pakistan.

## History

In January 2022, the provincial government declared it a national park, as a step to maintain and preserve the flora and animals as well as their habitats in varied ecosystems. This park includes a land of 5,236 acres, and it comprises Qamar Mela and Khwara blocks in the Peshawar Forest Division.
# Podkhuldochi

Podkhuldochi (Russian: Подхулдочи; Buryat: Хадхалдочи, Khadkhaldochi) is a rural locality (a selo) in Dzhidinsky District, Republic of Buryatia, Russia. The population was 9 as of 2010.

## Geography

Podkhuldochi is located 62 km west of Petropavlovka (the district's administrative centre) by road. Armak is the nearest rural locality.
# Afyonkarahisar Province

Afyonkarahisar Province (Turkish: Afyonkarahisar ili), often shortened to Afyon Province, is a province in western Turkey. Its area is 14,016 km$^2$, and its population is 747,555 (2022). The provincial capital is Afyonkarahisar.
Adjacent provinces are Kütahya to the northwest, Uşak to the west, Denizli to the southwest, Burdur to the south, Isparta to the southeast, Konya to the east, and Eskişehir to the north.

## Districts

Afyonkarahisar province is divided into 18 districts:
* Afyonkarahisar
* Başmakçı
* Bayat
* Bolvadin
* Çay
* Çobanlar
* Dazkırı
* Dinar
* Emirdağ
* Evciler
* Hocalar
* İhsaniye
* İscehisar
* Kızılören
* Sandıklı
* Sinanpaşa
* Sultandağı
* Şuhut

## Population

The population of Afyonkarahisar Province is majority Turkish and Muslim of the Sunni sect.

## Health

Air pollution is a chronic problem in the province.

## Gallery

* Afyonkarahisar castle hill
* Rock tombs in the village of Ayazin
* Countryside from Kocatepe hill
# Stary Onokhoy

Stary Onokhoy (Russian: Старый Онохой; Buryat: Хуушан Онохой, Khuushan Onokhoi) is a rural locality (a selo) in Zaigrayevsky District, Republic of Buryatia, Russia. The population was 862 as of 2010. There are 10 streets.

## Geography

Stary Onokhoy is located 24 km northwest of Zaigrayevo (the district's administrative centre) by road. Onokhoy is the nearest rural locality.
# Kholtoson

Kholtoson (Russian: Холтосон; Buryat: Холтоһон, Kholtohon) is a rural locality (a selo) in Zakamensky District, Republic of Buryatia, Russia. The population was 877 as of 2010. There are 15 streets.

## Geography

Kholtoson is located 10 km south of Zakamensk (the district's administrative centre) by road. Khatsura is the nearest rural locality.
# Acacia cyperophylla

Acacia cyperophylla, commonly known as creekline miniritchie or red mulga, is a tree in the family Fabaceae. The species' range extends across arid and semi-arid regions of Central Australia, from Carnarvon in Western Australia through the Northern Territory and northern South Australia to western Queensland. It is commonly found growing in areas of slightly higher soil moisture such as in drainage lines and on the banks of rivers and creeks.

## Description

Creekline miniritchie grows to a height of about seven metres. It usually has just one or two main trunks. Like most Acacia species, it has phyllodes rather than true leaves. These are rigid, round in cross-section with a diameter of about two millimetres, between ten and fifteen centimetres long, and curved. The flowers are yellow, and held in cylindrical clusters about two centimetres long. The pods are broad and flat, about eight centimetres long and seven millimetres wide. Creekline miniritchie is most readily identified by its distinctive "minni ritchi" bark, which constantly peels off in small curling flakes, making the tree look like it has a coat of curly hair. On creekline miniritchie, this is an orange-brown colour.

## Varieties

There are two varieties, A. c. var. cyperophylla and A. c. var. omearana. The latter variety is known from only a few populations near Port Hedland, all of which are under threat. A. cyperophylla var. omearana has been classified "Priority 1" under the Western Australian Wildlife Conservation Act, and is under consideration for declaration as "rare flora".
# Hussain Ahmad Kanjo

Hussain Ahmad Kanjo (Urdu: حسین احمد کانجو, 17 August 1985 – 24 May 2020) was a Pakistani politician and Khyber Pakhtunkhwa's former provisional minister for science and technology، archives and libraries (2002–2007).
He died of COVID-19 on 24 May 2020, during the COVID-19 pandemic in Pakistan at age 64.
# Alla, Republic of Buryatia

Alla (Russian: Алла; Buryat: Дэрээн, Dereen; Evenki: Олло, Ollo) is a rural locality (an ulus) in Kurumkansky District, Republic of Buryatia, Russia. The population was 1,080 as of 2010. There are 12 streets.

## Geography

Alla is located by the Barguzin River, with the Barguzin Range rising to the west, 55 km (34 mi) northeast of Kurumkan (the district's administrative centre) by road. Maysky is the nearest rural locality.
# Lown–Ganong–Levine syndrome

Lown–Ganong–Levine syndrome (LGL) is a pre-excitation syndrome of the heart. Those with LGL syndrome have episodes of abnormal heart racing with a short PR interval and normal QRS complexes seen on their electrocardiogram when in a normal sinus rhythm. LGL syndrome was originally thought to be due to an abnormal electrical connection between the atria and the ventricles, but is now thought to be due to accelerated conduction through the atrioventricular node in the majority of cases. The syndrome is named after Bernard Lown, William Francis Ganong, Jr., and Samuel A. Levine.

## Signs and symptoms

In general, patients will be asymptomatic at baseline. During their tachyarrhythmia however, they may report palpitations, shortness of breath, syncope or presyncope. They will have a tachycardia. How well they tolerate their tachyarrhythmia is dictated by their physiologic reserve. A young, well patient may just have palpitations and the tachycardia alone. However, an older patient with pre-existing (discrete) cardiovascular disease may additionally experience hypotension and syncope. Very fast heart rates can be detrimental even in well patients though.

## Pathophysiology

LGL syndrome was originally thought to involve a rapidly conducting accessory pathway (bundle of James) that connects the atria directly to the bundle of His, bypassing the slowly conducting atrioventricular node. However, the majority of those with LGL in whom electrophysiological studies have been performed do not have any evidence of an accessory pathway or structural abnormality. Whilst in a minority of cases some form of intranodal or paranodal fibers that bypass all or part of the atrioventricular node can be found with subsequent conduction down the normal His-Purkinje system, in most cases the short PR interval is caused by accelerated conduction through the atrioventricular node. LGL syndrome is therefore felt to represent a clinical syndrome with multiple different underlying causes.

## Diagnosis

LGL syndrome is diagnosed in a person who has experienced episodes of abnormal heart racing (arrhythmias) who has a PR interval less than or equal to 0.12 second (120 ms) with normal QRS complex configuration and duration on their resting ECG. .
LGL can be distinguished from Wolff–Parkinson–White syndrome (WPW) syndrome because the delta waves seen in WPW syndrome are not seen in LGL syndrome. The QRS complex is often normal but can also be narrow in LGL syndrome, as opposed to WPW, because ventricular conduction is via the His-Purkinje system. Lown–Ganong–Levine syndrome is a clinical diagnosis that came about before the advent of electrophysiology studies. It is important to be aware that not all WPW ECGs have a delta wave; the absence of a delta wave does not conclusively rule out WPW.

## Prognosis

Individuals with LGL syndrome do not carry an increased risk of sudden death. The only morbidity associated with the syndrome is the occurrence of paroxysmal episodes of tachycardia which may be of several types, including sinus tachycardia, atrioventricular nodal re-entrant tachycardia, atrial fibrillation, or atrial flutter.
# Anauk Nanmadaw Ma Mya Lay

Thiri Maha Thuta Yadana Sanda Dewi (Burmese: သီရိမဟာသုတရတနာစန္ဒာဒေဝီ, Pali: Sīrimahāsutaratanā candādevī; born Ma Mya Kyote; 1809 – 1845), commonly known as Anauk Nanmadaw Ma Mya Lay (Burmese: အနောက်နန်းမတော် မမြလေး), was the Queen of the Western Palace of King Tharrawaddy during the Konbaung dynasty.
She was a well-known female poet of the late Konbaung era, and is remembered as the composer of the popular patpyoe "Chit-Tha-Hmya-Ko" and for her tragic death.

## Life

Ma Mya Kyote was born in 1809 to Min Pyan Chi and Me Ei of Hinthada.
At age 17 she married Prince Tharrawaddy, who arrived in Danuphyu after signing the Treaty of Yandabo. In 1833, she gave birth to a daughter named Ma Phwar (later Crown Princess Hlaing). When her husband ascended to the throne, Ma Mya Lay became the Queen of the Western Palace. She was given the title of Thiri Maha Thuta Yadana Sanda Dewi (Sirimahāratanā Candādevī) and received the appanage of Hinthada.

### Death

In 1845, Ma Mya Lay was accused of involvement in the Pyay Prince rebellion. She was executed by her husband, who reportedly had schizophrenia; he ordered her to be trampled to death by an elephant. Their daughter was adopted by Setkya Dewi, who later became the Chief Queen of King Mindon.

## Art

Her patpyoes "Chit-Tha-Hmya-Ko" and "Shi-Sone-Ywet-Kyar" are popular romantic songs.

### Compositions

* "Chit-Tha-Hmya-Ko"
* "Shwe Phe Zin Gaw"
* "Sein Chal Chuu Than"
* "Thein Gar Shwe Yaung"
* "Shi-Sone-Ywet-Kyar"

## Donations

In 1843, Ma Mya Lay funded the reconstruction of Nagayon Pagoda in Amarapura. She also donated Yele Kusinayone Sutaungpyae Pagoda in Mandalay, two years before her death.
# 1997 Atlantic 10 men's basketball tournament

The 1997 Atlantic 10 men's basketball tournament was played from March 5 to March 8, 1997. The tournament was played at the CoreStates Spectrum in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. The winner was named champion of the Atlantic 10 Conference and received an automatic bid to the 1997 NCAA Men's Division I Basketball Tournament. Saint Joseph's defeated Rhode Island in the final to win the tournament. Massachusetts' second round loss to George Washington was their first loss in the conference tournament since 1991. Massachusetts, Rhode Island, Temple, and Xavier also received bids to the NCAA Tournament. Rashid Bey of Saint Joseph's was named the tournament's Most Outstanding Player. Future NBA player Tyson Wheeler of Rhode Island was among those also named to the All-Championship Team. The top two teams in each division received a first-round bye.

## Bracket

| First round Wednesday, March 5 | First round Wednesday, March 5 | First round Wednesday, March 5 | Quarterfinals Thursday, March 6 | Quarterfinals Thursday, March 6 | Quarterfinals Thursday, March 6 | Semifinals Friday, March 7 | Semifinals Friday, March 7 | Semifinals Friday, March 7 | Final Saturday, March 8 | Final Saturday, March 8 | Final Saturday, March 8 |
| | | | E1 | #19 Saint Joseph's | 71 | | | | | | |
| | | | E5 | St. Bonaventure | 59 | | | | | | |
| W4 | Dayton | 75 | E5 | St. Bonaventure | 59 | | | | | | |
| E5 | St. Bonaventure | 81 | | | | | | | | | |
| E5 | St. Bonaventure | 81 | | | | E1 | #19 Saint Joseph's | 78 | | | |
| | | | | | | W2 | George Washington | 70 | | | |
| | | | W2 | George Washington | 58 | | | | | | |
| | | | E3 | UMass | 49 | | | | | | |
| E3 | UMass | 64 | E3 | UMass | 49 | | | | | | |
| W6 | La Salle | 49 | | | | | | | | | |
| W6 | La Salle | 49 | | | | | | | E1 | #19 Saint Joseph's | 61 |
| | | | | | | | | | E2 | Rhode Island | 56 |
| | | | W1 | #11 Xavier | 62$^{OT}$ | | | | | | |
| | | | E4 | Temple | 69 | | | | | | |
| E4 | Temple | 64 | E4 | Temple | 69 | | | | | | |
| W5 | Duquesne | 47 | | | | | | | | | |
| W5 | Duquesne | 47 | | | | E4 | Temple | 66 | | | |
| | | | | | | E2 | Rhode Island | 69* | | | |
| | | | E2 | Rhode Island | 67 | | | | | | |
| | | | W3 | Virginia Tech | 63 | | | | | | |
| W3 | Virginia Tech | 56 | W3 | Virginia Tech | 63 | | | | | | |
| E6 | Fordham | 53 | | | | | | | | | |
All games played at The Spectrum, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
# Saint-Genès-de-Lombaud

Saint-Genès-de-Lombaud is a commune in the Gironde department in Nouvelle-Aquitaine in southwestern France.

## History

The town’s centerpiece is its Romanesque church, which dates back to at least the 12th century. The church was once a pilgrimage site dedicated to the Vierge Noire (Black Virgin) and features a unique entryway with two staircases, showcasing a statue of the Virgin attributed to the 13th century. Among its distinctive art pieces is a Renaissance-era high relief of God the Father, along with a mural from 1507 depicting Saint Urbain and other figures.
Beyond its religious sites, Saint-Genès-de-Lombaud also preserves a medieval motte, a raised earthwork that served as a fortification, reflecting the town's strategic historical importance during the Middle Ages.
# Indonesian Democratic Vanguard Party

The Indonesian Democratic Vanguard Party (Indonesian: Partai Penegak Demokrasi Indonesia) was a political party in Indonesia. It was a continuation of the Indonesian Democratic Party (PDI), one of the two state-approved parties during the New Order. After the PDI failed to achieve enough votes in the 1999 legislative elections to qualify for the 2004 elections, it changed its name to the Indonesian Democratic Vanguard Party (PDI Party). In 2004 it won one seat. The party contested the 2009 legislative election, but won only 0.13 percent of the vote, less than the 2.5 percent electoral threshold, thereby losing its only seat in the People's Representative Council. Following its poor result in the 2009 vote, the party joined nine other smaller parties to form the National Unity Party (Indonesian: Partai Persatuan Nasional). The party also attempted to contest the 2014 elections, but failed to fulfill the criteria set by the General Elections Commission, and along with nine other parties who also failed to qualify, decided to merge into the People's Conscience Party (Hanura).
# Pieter Kuyper Albertyn

Pieter Kuyper Albertyn (27 May 1897 – 7 March 1973), known as "PK" or "Pierre", was a South African rugby union player and 15th captain of the South Africa national rugby union team.

## Biography

Born in the small coastal town, Kleinmond, Albertyn received his schooling at the Stellenbosch Boys' High, after which he went on to the Victoria College in Stellenbosch. During his studies he represented the Maties on the rugby field and played mainly wing, where he was able to utilize his great speed. In 1919, Albertyn was selected to play against the combined New Zealand military team. In this match he injured his knee in such a way that it threatened to end his rugby career. After the injury and in an effort to protect his knee, he was obliged to switch to centre. In October 1920, Albertyn went to Guy's Hospital, London to study dentistry and on his return to South Africa in June 1923, he settled in George where he practiced as a dentist.
Before the 1924 tour of the British Islands to South Africa, the Sprinbok selectors held trials after which a provisional team was selected. Albertyn was not invited to the trials nor was he selected for the team. A practice match in Durban was arranged for the provisional team and it was then that Albertyn, even before he played any provincial matches, received a request from Oubaas Mark, a national selector, to be in Durban for the match. Albertyn was subsequently selected for the first test, as centre and captain of the team. He captained the Springboks in all four test matches in the series against the British Isles, scoring a try in the second test.

### Test history

| No. | Opponents | Results (SA 1st) | Position | Tries | Dates | Venue |
| 1. | British Isles | 7–3 | Centre (c) | | 16 Aug 1924 | Kingsmead, Durban |
| 2. | British Isles | 17–0 | Centre (c) | 1 | 23 Aug 1924 | Wanderers Stadium, Johannesburg |
| 3. | British Isles | 3–3 | Centre (c) | | 13 Sep 1924 | Crusaders Ground, Port Elizabeth |
| 4. | British Isles | 16–9 | Centre (c) | | 20 Sep 1924 | Newlands, Cape Town |
# Sisco, Haute-Corse

Sisco (French pronunciation:; Corsican: Siscu) is a commune in the Haute-Corse department of France on the island of Corsica. It takes its name from the Ruisseau de Sisco, which flows through the commune and enters the Tyrrhenian Sea in the village of Sisco.

## Geography
### Climate

Sisco has a hot-summer mediterranean climate (Köppen climate classification Csa). The average annual temperature in Sisco is 17.1 °C (62.8 °F). The average annual rainfall is 772.3 mm (30.41 in) with October as the wettest month. The temperatures are highest on average in August, at around 25.4 °C (77.7 °F), and lowest in February, at around 10.3 °C (50.5 °F). The highest temperature ever recorded in Sisco was 36.0 °C (96.8 °F) on 6 August 2017; the coldest temperature ever recorded was −3.0 °C (26.6 °F) on 1 February 1979.
Climate data for Cape Sagro, Sisco (1991–2020 averages, extremes 1979−present) :
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 21.2 (70.2) | 22.9 (73.2) | 25.0 (77.0) | 25.7 (78.3) | 30.6 (87.1) | 34.3 (93.7) | 36.0 (96.8) | 36.0 (96.8) | 31.0 (87.8) | 29.0 (84.2) | 26.0 (78.8) | 23.4 (74.1) | 36.0 (96.8) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 13.2 (55.8) | 13.2 (55.8) | 15.0 (59.0) | 17.3 (63.1) | 21.1 (70.0) | 25.0 (77.0) | 28.0 (82.4) | 28.7 (83.7) | 25.2 (77.4) | 21.3 (70.3) | 17.1 (62.8) | 14.3 (57.7) | 20.0 (68.0) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 10.6 (51.1) | 10.3 (50.5) | 12.1 (53.8) | 14.4 (57.9) | 18.1 (64.6) | 21.8 (71.2) | 24.8 (76.6) | 25.4 (77.7) | 22.1 (71.8) | 18.6 (65.5) | 14.6 (58.3) | 11.8 (53.2) | 17.1 (62.8) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 8.0 (46.4) | 7.4 (45.3) | 9.2 (48.6) | 11.5 (52.7) | 15.0 (59.0) | 18.7 (65.7) | 21.6 (70.9) | 22.2 (72.0) | 19.0 (66.2) | 15.9 (60.6) | 12.1 (53.8) | 9.3 (48.7) | 14.2 (57.6) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −3.0 (26.6) | −2.5 (27.5) | −0.5 (31.1) | 2.5 (36.5) | 5.0 (41.0) | 7.0 (44.6) | 11.0 (51.8) | 14.0 (57.2) | 9.8 (49.6) | 5.6 (42.1) | 1.5 (34.7) | −2.0 (28.4) | −3.0 (26.6) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 56.2 (2.21) | 61.8 (2.43) | 62.2 (2.45) | 71.4 (2.81) | 52.4 (2.06) | 38.2 (1.50) | 11.5 (0.45) | 22.5 (0.89) | 70.0 (2.76) | 110.6 (4.35) | 123.9 (4.88) | 89.6 (3.53) | 772.3 (30.41) |
| Average precipitation days (≥ 1.0 mm) | 6.5 | 7.0 | 7.0 | 7.1 | 5.4 | 3.2 | 1.4 | 2.1 | 5.3 | 8.2 | 10.0 | 8.3 | 71.4 |
| Source: Météo-France ||||||||||||||