OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Chilton Lane

54°40′24″N 1°31′46″W﻿ / ﻿54.67333°N 1.52944°W﻿ / 54.67333; -1.52944
Chilton Lane is situated a short distance to the south-east of Ferryhill, and immediately to the south of Ferryhill Station. Nearby are Great Chilton, East Chilton, Chilton Grange and Little Chilton.

## History

Chilton Lane was developed as a result of the growth of the railway community of Ferryhill Station and the mine of Little Chilton Colliery. The colliery at Little Chilton opened in the early 1840s. It was owned by John Evelyn Dennison, M. P. and Christopher Wilkinson. Initially housing was built to house the workforce of some 400. The coming of the Clarence and North Eastern Railway resulted in two terraces of house being built, known as Railway Rows, were built opposite the entrance to the colliery. Although the colliery had a limited life the village expanded with the sinking of Mainsforth Colliery. Chilton Lane was a commercial centre for the community, a Primitive Methodist Chapel and Sunday School was built in 1862. A school was opened in 1878, along with a mission church of Saint Lukes Church, Ferryhill. Despite being designated as a Category D village in 1950, it continues to support a vibrant community.
# Willy Hess (violinist)

Willy Hess (14 July 1859 – 17 February 1939) was a German violinist and violin teacher.

## Biography

Willy Hess was born in Mannheim on 14 July 1859. He commenced the study of violin when only five years of age with his father, who was a pupil of Ludwig Spohr. When aged seven his family moved to the United States and as a youth he performed with his sister Joanna who accompanied him on pianoforte, making a number of successful tours around the country. In 1872 he moved back to Europe, spending a year in the Netherlands and performing in a number of continental cities. In 1874 he made an extended tour including London, Belgium and France. In 1876 he went to Berlin to be a student of Joseph Joachim and after two years left to take up the leadership of the Oper Frankfurt. He resigned from that post in 1886 to take up a professorship in the Rotterdam Conservatorium voor Muziek which he held for two years. In 1888 he moved to Manchester to become leader of The Hallé Orchestra and from its opening in 1893 was also the principal professor of violin at the Royal Manchester College of Music. In 1895 he was appointed as principal professor of violin at the Conservatorium der Musik in Coeln (Cologne).
From 1904 to 1910, he was the concertmaster of the Boston Symphony Orchestra and taught violin at Harvard University. He also spent time as concertmaster in Frankfurt and Rotterdam. He then relocated to Berlin in 1910 to take the position of premier violin instructor at the Royal Academy of Music in Berlin, Germany (Berlin Hochschule fuer Musik, now a part of the Berlin University of the Arts). The composer Max Bruch, a friend of Hess, helped arrange Hess's appointment as professor. During the time of the Weimar Republic the Hochschule was the hub of the international music scene, and Hess was associated with many of the musical luminaries of his day and taught students who came to Berlin from all over the world, the most distinguished of whom was his fellow German Adolf Busch.
Hess taught a German style of right hand technique which emphasized wrist motion with very little finger motion.
He had no difficulty alternating between the violin and viola, and performed the viola part in the first performance of Bruch's Double Concerto for Clarinet, Viola and Orchestra, Op. 88, as well as the first performance of the Violin Concerto, op. 50 by Felix Woyrsch 1903 in Altona. It was also in 1910 that Bruch composed the Concert Piece for Violin and Orchestra, Op. 84, for Hess. Hess advised Bruch on composing for strings, and also performed the premieres of other works by Bruch.
Among works by other composers written for Hess was Arthur Foote's Ballade, Op. 69.
He played in a piano trio with cellist Hugo Becker and pianist James Kwast.
One of the instruments he played on was a Guadagnini.
Hess died in Berlin in 1939, aged 79.

## Notable students

* Ferruccio Bonavia
* Adolf Busch
* Arthur Catterall
* Arthur Fiedler
* Georg Kulenkampff
* Philip Newman
* Nikos Skalkottas
* Tossy Spivakovsky
* Harold Sumberg
* Henri Temianka
# Barikeh-ye Sadeqi

Barikeh-ye Sadeqi (Persian: باريكه صادقي, also Romanized as Bārīkeh-ye Şādeqī; also known as Bārīkeh-ye Pā’īn, Bārīkeh-ye Şādeq, Bārīkeh-ye Soflá, Bārīkey-ye Şādeqī-ye Soflá, Qal‘a Shaikh Sadiq, and Sheykh Şādeq) is a village in Harasam Rural District, Homeyl District, Eslamabad-e Gharb County, Kermanshah Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 209, in 44 families.
# Kütahya Air Base

Kütahya Air Base (Turkish: Kütahya Hava Üssü) (ICAO: LTBN) is a military airport of the Turkish Air Force located in Kütahya, Turkey. The airport operates as primarily as a military air base but also accepts civilian passenger flights.

## Facilities

The airport resides at an elevation of 3,026 feet (922 m) above mean sea level. It has one runway designated 16/34 with an asphalt surface measuring 1,509 by 40 metres (4,951 ft × 131 ft).
# Natalya Sokolova (biathlete)

Natalya Sokolova (Russian: Наталья Соколова, born 23 October 1973, Chelyabinsk, Russian SFSR) is a biathlete who has represented Belarus since the start of the 2004–05 season. With Russia, she has won a relay gold medal at the European Championships, and she has also won an individual European gold medal and finished on the podium in a World Cup race once, with a third place in a pursuit race in Pokljuka. She is ranked 18th in the Biathlon World Cup 2006–07 season, which is her first top-30 rank in the World Cup standings. Her best placing at the World Championships is 34th at the individual event in 2007.
# Boezinge

Boezinge (Dutch pronunciation:; West Flemish: Boezienge) is a village in the municipality of Ypres in the Belgian province of West Flanders. Boezinge can be reached via the N369 road in the direction of Diksmuide. It was an independent municipality until 1977.
It hosts the historical brewery Brouwerij Het Sas [nl].

## History

Boezinge was first mentioned in 1119 as Boesigha. The village was an heerlijkheid. Until 1556, it was part of the diocese of Terwaan.
In World War I, the village belonged to the Ypres Salient, which made it the site of the Battles of Ypres between German and Allied forces. Today there are memorials and war cemeteries in the area, many of which are maintained by the Commonwealth War Graves Commission.
In 1970, the municipality merged with Zuidschote, and in 1977, it was merged into Ypres.

## Commemoration of World War I
### Yorkshire Trench

In the 1990s an original British trench system ("Yorkshire Trench") was discovered by amateur archaeologists, on the site of an industrial estate near the village. Yorkshire Trench was a first line trench for about one year between summer or autumn 1916 until the summer of 1917. In spring of 1917, 173rd Tunnelling Company added a deep dugout to the existing trench. The completed Yorkshire Trench dugout then served as headquarters for the 13th and 16th Battalions of the Royal Welch Fusiliers at the start of the Battle of Passchendaele later that year. The BEF had decided to carry out all operations in the offensive of summer 1917 from deep dugouts. East of the Ypres Canal in the close vicinity of Yorkshire Trench there were several more dugouts, seven of which - all south and southeast of Yorkshire Trench - were finished by the 173rd or 179th Tunnelling Companies. Of these, Yorkshire Trench, Butt 18, Nile Trench and Heading Lane Dugout were double battalion headquarters, Bridge 6 was a brigade headquarters, and Lancashire Farm Dugout contained two battalion and two brigade headquarters. The condition of the ground made digging the deep dugouts extremely difficult and dangerous. Work had to be carried out silently and secretly, facing an observant enemy who was only a few hundred metres away. About 180 dugout sites have been located in the Ypres Salient and in the 1990s some of them were entered, at least in part. Yorkshire Trench was rediscovered by amateur archaeologists and systematically excavated in 1998. Although the area is now part of a large industrial estate, the location was opened to the public in 2003 Yorkshire Trench is located close to the John McCrae memorial site at Essex Farm.

### War cemeteries

* Artillery Wood Cemetery, where the Welsh poet Hedd Wyn and the Irish poet Francis Ledwidge are buried
* Bard Cottage Cemetery
* Boezinge Churchyard war graves
* Colne Valley Cemetery
* Dragoon Camp Cemetery
* Duhallow ADS Cemetery
* Essex Farm Cemetery
* La Belle Alliance Cemetery
* No Man's Cot Cemetery
* Talana Farm Cemetery
* Welsh Cemetery (Caesar's Nose)

### The Castle of Boezinge (Boesinghe)

The estate was destroyed during the first world war in July 1917 and rebuilt after the war.
In the private park lies a British command post.
# Fuka Tsunoda

Fuka Tsunoda (born 24 October 2004) is a Japanese professional footballer who plays as a midfielder for WE League club Urawa Reds.

## Club career

Tsunoda made her WE League debut on 31 October 2021.
# Mul Yam

Mul Yam (Hebrew: מול ים ‘in front of a sea’ or ‘sea mussel’) was an Israeli restaurant located in Tel Aviv Port, Tel Aviv.
Mul Yam was established in 1995 by Shalom Maharovsky, its current owner; the chef is Yoram Nitzan. The restaurant specializes in seafood and fish, which are mainly imported from different parts of the world, and a few meat and vegetarian dishes.
Mapa guide to Israel's best restaurants writes: "The matching between the minimalist and delicate treatment of Yoram Nitzan and the finest fish, seafood, and wines that Shalom Maharovsky import, makes Mul Yam the best fish restaurant in Israel and especially the best seafood restaurant in Israel."
Gault Millau Israel awarded the restaurant its top rating for five consecutive years.
It was chosen as one of the ten best restaurants in Israel by Sagi Cohen, Maariv (newspaper) food critic. and chosen as one of the best restaurants in Israel by Daniel Rogov, Haaretz food and wine critic and as one of the ten best restaurants by Al Hashulchan magazine Mapa guide writes, "Maybe it's the best restaurant in Israel.
On July 22, 2015, a fire caused by a short circuit in the restaurant's kitchen burned the place.
# Staged detonation

Staged detonation is an overall principle used for many explosive devices. A general description of the principle is that one explosive compound with one set of properties is detonated, and the detonation wave from this is transfers into another explosive compound with different set of properties.
The principle is most often used for detonating insensitive explosive compounds by using stages of less and less sensitive explosive compounds. A simple example is the common industrial detonator, where a very small amount of a sensitive explosive detonates, causing the less sensitive main charge of the detonator to detonate. It may involve additional steps where successively less sensitive compounds trigger a detonation wave in each other, with stages including various types of booster charges.
Staged detonation may be used to initiate cheap and insensitive mining explosives, but the principle has other uses. In certain applications there is a need to modify the shape of a detonation wave travelling through an explosive material. One example of this can be found in explosive lenses, in which case the properties of different explosive compounds are used to initiate each stage in the detonation with a specific relative delay, creating a detonation wave with a non conventional shape. That shape can for example be a spherical wave travelling in towards the centre of that sphere, or any other shape required. This principle is used in many areas in high energy research, as well as in nuclear weapons.
The principle does not necessarily involve different explosive compounds. Because the properties of an explosive compound is in some degree related to its density, which is a result of with what pressure it is compressed during manufacture, the stages in a staged detonation may also come from each section having been pressed to a different density, giving it varying properties.
The term "staged detonation" may also refer to a method where several explosive charges are set to detonate in series with a given delay between them. This method called "delayed detonation". This method is commonly used in industrial demolition activities such as mining.

## History and development of the principle

The use of a primary and secondary explosive was the first practical use of the staged detonation principle, and was revolutionary to the safety of the mining industry. After this staged detonation is used in everything from explosive lenses in nuclear weapons (where the different properties of each explosive create a perfectly spherical detonation wave moving in towards origo) to mining where each blasting operation requires several stages to detonate each main charge, not only the primary and secondary explosive used in the simplest staged detonation.
# Jowzan, Razavi Khorasan

Jowzan (Persian: جوزان, also Romanized as Jowzān) is a village in Dowlatkhaneh Rural District, Bajgiran District, Quchan County, Razavi Khorasan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 720, in 205 families.
# Tommy Ternemar

Tommy Ternemar, born 1947, is a Swedish social democratic politician who was member of the Riksdag from 2002 to 2010.
# Balakən

Balakən (Balakan; Avar: Билкан) is a city and the administrative centre of the Balakan District of Azerbaijan. The city is situated at the foot of the Greater Caucasus Mountains and on the Balakan river, a tributary of the Alazani River.

## Etymology

According to the Concise Oxford Dictionary of World Place Names, the name Balakan may be derived from an Old Georgian word "ბელის კანი (belis k'ani)" meaning "skin of a bear cub".

## History

Throughout its history, the city was ruled by different kingdoms and khanates. In 1918–1920, Balakan was disputed between Azerbaijan Democratic Republic and Democratic Republic of Georgia until both countries were occupied by Soviet Russia and the city became part of Azerbaijan SSR. In 1965, Balakan gained city status after the Azerbaijani government's approval.

## Economy

The economy of Balakan is partially agricultural, partially tourist-based, with some industries in operation.

## Society and Culture
### Demography

The majority of the population of Balakan is ethnic Azerbaijanis. There's a significant minority of Avars and smaller minorities of Ingiloys (a subgroup of Georgians). According to a 2005 survey, 85% of the population was ethnic Azerbaijani, 14% Avar, and the remaining 1% consisted of other ethnicities.

### Cuisine

Balakan's signature cuisine includes maxara, cüttü, chicken chigirtma and Balakan halva.

## Gallery

* Central Park in the city
* View of the central park of Balakan
* Nature of Balakan
* Balakan Culture House
* Forest in Balakan
* Center of Azerishiq in Balakan
# Val Ferrera

The Ferrera Valley (Romansh: Val Ferrera, German: Ferreratal) is a valley in the Swiss canton of Graubünden between Schams and Avers. It is 10 km long and is drained by the Avers Rhine. The only villages in the valley are Innerferrera and Ausserferrera. Administratively, the municipality of Ferrera coincides with the valley.
In the Early Modern period, the Ferrera Valley was known for its iron ore. The mining industry provided its inhabitants with a livelihood. The Schmelzra mine at the entrance of the valley, is now an industrial heritage site and has since 1972 been in the care of the cultural heritage management of the Canton of Graubünden.
Until the 20th century, a linguistic border separated the valley from Avers: in the Avers valley, people spoke a Walser German dialect, in the Ferrera Valley, people spoke Romansh. In both valleys, the dominant religion is the Swiss Reformed Church.

## Gallery

* Ruins of a smelter works
* Reservoir at the Ferrera Dotier Works
* Avers Rhine in the Ferrera Valley, lithograph from 1827
# Rupal Peak

Rupal Peak (Urdu: روپل) is a mountain in Pakistan's western Himalayas. The peak is located just south of the Nanga Parbat on the Rupal Valley and is sometimes climbed by mountaineers as they acclimatize for higher altitude peaks. Despite its unique beauty, steep north face and impressive height, Rupal is greatly overshadowed by Nanga Parbat, the Mazeno Wall, and the mighty Rupal Face. To its west lie Laila Peak and Shaigiri, and to its north flows the Rupal Glacier which later forms the Rupal River.
# Khoshk

Khoshk (Persian: خشك, also Romanized as Khoshg, Khsohk, and Khushk) is a village in Sedeh Rural District, Sedeh District, Qaen County, South Khorasan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 737, in 305 families.
# Trade Unions and Industrialists – Union of Labour

Trade Unions and Industrialists – Union of Labour (Russian: Профсоюзы – Промышленники России – Союз труда, Profsoyuzi – Promishlenniki Rossii – Soyuz Truda) was a political party in Russia.

## History

In the 1995 parliamentary elections the party received 1.6% of the proportional representation vote, failing to cross the electoral threshold. However, it won a single constituency seat in the State Duma.
The party did not contest any further elections.
# Heidi Hildersley Lyle

Heidi Hildersley Lyle, born Heidi Hildersley, is a professional Scottish pole athlete who was Champion at the Pole World Championships 2018 and "Miss Pole Dance UK" in 2020. She has won awards in multiple national and international pole competitions.

## Career

Heidi Hildersley Lyle started pole dancing around 2009. She was already a full time aerobics instructor at the time and started training to teach pole dancing too.
She is now a full time fitness instructor and owner of HHL Pole and Fitness Studio, in Hamilton near Glasgow. She also teaches pole dancing/pole fitness workshops around the UK. She is known for her strength and pole tricks.

## Awards and achievements
### 2020

1st place - Miss Pole Dance UK 2020.
Best Tricks - Miss Pole Dance UK 2020.

### 2019

Best Tricks - Miss Pole Dance UK 2019.
3rd place - Pole World Championships 2019

### 2018

Senior World Pole Champion - Pole World Championships 2018.
Best Tricks - Pole World Championships 2018.
Best Tricks - Miss Pole Dance UK 2018.
1st place - Elite Category at Miss and Mister Pole Scotland 2018.
Best Tricks - Miss and Mister Pole Scotland 2018.

### 2017

3rd place - Elite Category at UK Professional Pole Championships 2017.
3rd place - Miss Pole Dance UK 2017.
Best Tricks - Miss Pole Dance UK 2017.

### 2016

1st place - IPAAT International Pole and Aerial Tournament 2016.
Best Tricks - IPAAT International Pole and Aerial Tournament 2016.
Best Costume - IPAAT International Pole and Aerial Tournament 2016.

### 2015 and earlier

1st place - Professional Category at Miss and Mister Pole Scotland 2015.
3rd place - Pole Sports UK National Championships 2014.
1st place - Professional Category at Miss and Mister Pole Scotland 2013.
1st place - Edinburgh Pole Dance Competition 2013.
1st place - Edinburgh Pole Dance Competition 2012.
3rd place - Professional Category at Pole2pole European Championships 2012.
1st place - British Isles Pole Dancing Championships 2011.
# University of Buner

The University of Buner (Urdu: جامعۂ بونیر; Pashto: د بونیر پوهنتون) is a public sector university located in the Buner District of the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan.

## Overview and history

University of Buner was approved by the Government of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa in November, 2012. Dr Muhammad Farooq was appointed as its project director. The university is being upgraded from the Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Buner campus, to a full-fledged university, the University of Buner, by the government of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa.

## Departments

The university currently has 7 departments.
* Department of Zoology
* Department of Computer Science
* Department of Management Sciences
* Department of Economics
* Department of Electronics
* Department of Political Science.
* Department of English
# Semangka Bay

Semangka Bay (Indonesian: Teluk Semangka) is a large bay located on the southern tip of Sumatra Island. At the southern tip of Sumatra there are two large bays, Teluk Semangka is located in the western part.
On the east side of the bay stretches Tanggamus Regency, with the capital city of Kotaagung located at the northern end of the bay.
# Roman Catholic Diocese of Alagoinhas

The Roman Catholic Diocese of Alagoinhas (Latin: Dioecesis Alacunensis) is a diocese located in the city of Alagoinhas in the ecclesiastical province of São Salvador da Bahia in Brazil.

## History

* 28 October 1974: Established as Diocese of Alagoinhas from the Metropolitan Archdiocese of São Salvador da Bahia

## Leadership

* Bishops of Alagoinhas (Latin Rite)
** José Floriberto Cornelis, O.S.B. (13 Nov 1974 – 24 May 1986), Archbishop (personal title)
** Jaime Mota de Farias (7 Nov 1986 – 24 Apr 2002)
** Paulo Romeu Dantas Bastos (24 Apr 2002 – 13 Jan 2021)
** Francisco de Oliveira Vidal (27 Sep 2022 – present)
# Sertavul Pass

The Sertavul Pass (Turkish: Sertavul Geçidi) is a mountain pass situated on the central Taurus Mountains at the border of Mersin Province with Karaman Province on the road from Konya over Karaman to the Mediterranean coast at Anamur or Silifke.
The landscape around the pass differs from the other Taurus Mountains' passes due to its relatively flat form. Its character changes as the passage extends further south into the deep valley around Mut north of Mersin Province. While the terrain is mainly treeless and is often with no grass, the plains are covered with cushion plants. The karst landscape is dotted with limestone rocks and riddled with countless sinkholes.
Servatul Pass was the location that Holy Roman Emperor Frederick I Barbarossa crossed the Taurus Mountains on the Third Crusade before he drowned in the River Calycadnus (currently Turkish: Göksu) in 1190.
# Bassima Hakkaoui

Bassima Hakkaoui (Arabic: بسيمة الحقاوي - born 5 October 1960, Casablanca) is a Moroccan politician of the Justice and Development Party. Between 3 January 2012 until 9 October 2019, she has held the position of Minister of Solidarity, Women, Family and Social Development in Abdelilah Benkirane's cabinet. She has been a member of the House of Representatives since 2002, having been elected from the national list reserved for women. She was re-elected in 2007 and 2011. In 2018 a law went into effect throughout Morocco known as the Hakkaoui law because she drafted it; the law includes a ban on forced marriage and sexual harassment in public places, and harsher penalties for certain forms of violence. But it was criticized for requiring victims to file for criminal prosecution to get protection.