# Orders of magnitude (acceleration)

This page lists examples of the acceleration occurring in various situations. They are grouped by orders of magnitude.
| Factor [m/s$^2$] | Multiple | Reference frame | Value | [g] | Item |
| 10$^{−∞}$ | 0 m/s$^2$ | inertial | 0 m/s$^2$ | 0 g | The gyro rotors in Gravity Probe B and the free-floating proof masses in the TRIAD I navigation satellite |
| 10$^{−∞}$ | 0 m/s$^2$ | inertial | ≈ 0 m/s$^2$ | ≈ 0 g | Weightless parabola in a reduced-gravity aircraft |
| 10$^{−14}$ | 10 fm/s$^2$ | lab | 5×10$^{−14}$ m/s$^2$ | 5×10$^{−15}$ g | Smallest acceleration in a scientific experiment |
| 10$^{−3}$ | 1 mm/s$^2$ | Solar system | 5.93×10$^{−3}$ m/s$^2$ | 6.04×10$^{−4}$ g | Acceleration of Earth toward the sun due to sun's gravitational attraction |
| 10$^{−1}$ | 1 dm/s$^2$ | lab | 0.25 m/s$^2$ | 0.026 g | Train acceleration for SJ X2 |
| 10$^0$ | 1 m/s$^2$ | inertial | 1.62 m/s$^2$ | 0.1654 g | Standing on the Moon at its equator |
| 10$^0$ | 1 m/s$^2$ | lab | 4.3 m/s$^2$ | 0.44 g | Car acceleration 0–100 km/h in 6.4 s with a Saab 9-5 Hirsch |
| 10$^0$ | 1 m/s$^2$ | inertial | 9.80665 m/s$^2$ | 1 g | Standard gravity, the gravity acceleration on Earth at sea level standard |
| 10$^1$ | 1 dam/s$^2$ | inertial | 11.2 m/s$^2$ | 1.14 g | Saturn V Moon rocket just after launch |
| 10$^1$ | 1 dam/s$^2$ | inertial | 15.2 m/s$^2$ | 1.55 g | Bugatti Veyron from 0 to 100 km/h in 2.4 s (the net acceleration vector including gravitational acceleration is directed 40 degrees from horizontal) |
| 10$^1$ | 1 dam/s$^2$ | inertial | 29 m/s$^2$ | 3 g | Space Shuttle, maximum during launch and reentry |
| 10$^1$ | 1 dam/s$^2$ | inertial | 29 m/s$^2$ | 3 g | Sustainable for > 25 seconds, for a human |
| 10$^1$ | 1 dam/s$^2$ | inertial | 34 – 49 m/s$^2$ | 3.5 – 5 g | High-G roller coasters$^{:340}$ |
| 10$^1$ | 1 dam/s$^2$ | lab? | 41 m/s$^2$ | 4.2 g | Top Fuel drag racing world record of 4.4 s over 1/4 mile |
| 10$^1$ | 1 dam/s$^2$ | inertial | 49 m/s$^2$ | 5 g | Causes disorientation, dizziness and fainting in humans |
| 10$^1$ | 1 dam/s$^2$ | lab? | 49+ m/s$^2$ | 5+ g | Formula One car, maximum under heavy braking |
| 10$^1$ | 1 dam/s$^2$ | inertial? | 51 m/s$^2$ | 5.2 g | Luge, maximum expected at the Whistler Sliding Centre |
| 10$^1$ | 1 dam/s$^2$ | lab | 49 – 59 m/s$^2$ | 5 – 6 g | Formula One car, peak lateral in turns |
| 10$^1$ | 1 dam/s$^2$ | inertial | 59 m/s$^2$ | 6 g | Parachutist peak during normal opening of parachute |
| 10$^1$ | 1 dam/s$^2$ | inertial | +69 / -49 m/s$^2$ | +7 / -5 g | Standard, full aerobatics certified glider |
| 10$^1$ | 1 dam/s$^2$ | inertial | 70.6 m/s$^2$ | 7.19 g | Apollo 16 on reentry |
| 10$^1$ | 1 dam/s$^2$ | inertial | 79 m/s$^2$ | 8 g | F-16 aircraft pulling out of dive |
| 10$^1$ | 1 dam/s$^2$ | inertial | 88 m/s$^2$ | 9 g | Maximum for a fit, trained person with G-suit to keep consciousness, avoiding G-LOC |
| 10$^1$ | 1 dam/s$^2$ | inertial | 88 – 118 m/s$^2$ | 9 – 12 g | Typical maximum turn acceleration in an aerobatic plane or fighter jet |
| 10$^2$ | 1 hm/s$^2$ | inertial | 147 m/s$^2$ | 15 g | Explosive seat ejection from aircraft |
| 10$^2$ | 1 hm/s$^2$ | inertial | 177 m/s$^2$ | 18 g | Physical damage in humans like broken capillaries |
| 10$^2$ | 1 hm/s$^2$ | inertial | 209 m/s$^2$ | 21.3 g | Peak acceleration experienced by cosmonauts during the Soyuz 18a abort |
| 10$^2$ | 1 hm/s$^2$ | inertial | 333 m/s$^2$ | 34 g | Peak deceleration of the Stardust Sample Return Capsule on reentry to Earth |
| 10$^2$ | 1 hm/s$^2$ | inertial | 454 m/s$^2$ | 46.2 g | Maximum acceleration a human has survived on a rocket sled |
| 10$^2$ | 1 hm/s$^2$ | inertial | > 491 m/s$^2$ | > 50 g | Death or serious injury likely |
| 10$^2$ | 1 hm/s$^2$ | inertial | 982 m/s$^2$ | 100 g | Sprint missile |
| 10$^2$ | 1 hm/s$^2$ | inertial | 982 m/s$^2$ | 100 g | Automobile crash (100 km/h into wall) |
| 10$^2$ | 1 hm/s$^2$ | inertial | > 982 m/s$^2$ | > 100 g | Brief human exposure survived in crash |
| 10$^2$ | 1 hm/s$^2$ | inertial | 982 m/s$^2$ | 100 g | Deadly limit for most humans |
| 10$^3$ | 1 km/s$^2$ | inertial ≈ lab | 1540 m/s$^2$ | 157 g | Peak acceleration of fastest rocket sled run |
| 10$^3$ | 1 km/s$^2$ | inertial ≈ lab | 1964 m/s$^2$ | 200 g | 3.5" hard disc non-operating shock tolerance for 2 ms, weight 0.6 kg |
| 10$^3$ | 1 km/s$^2$ | inertial ≈ lab | 2098 m/s$^2$ | 214 g | Highest recorded amount of g-force exposed and survived by a human (Peak deceleration experienced by Kenny Bräck in a crash at the 2003 Chevy 500) |
| 10$^3$ | 1 km/s$^2$ | inertial ≈ lab | 2256 m/s$^2$ | 230 g | Peak acceleration experience by the Galileo probe during descent into Jupiter's atmosphere |
| 10$^3$ | 1 km/s$^2$ | inertial ≈ lab | 2490 m/s$^2$ | 254 g | Peak deceleration experienced by Jules Bianchi in crash of Marussia MR03, 2014 Japanese Grand Prix |
| 10$^3$ | 1 km/s$^2$ | inertial ≈ lab | 2946 m/s$^2$ | 300 g | Soccer ball struck by foot |
| 10$^3$ | 1 km/s$^2$ | inertial ≈ lab | 3200 m/s$^2$ | 320 g | A jumping human flea |
| 10$^3$ | 1 km/s$^2$ | inertial ≈ lab | 3800 m/s$^2$ | 380 g | A jumping click beetle |
| 10$^3$ | 1 km/s$^2$ | inertial ≈ lab | 4944 m/s$^2$ | 504 g | Clothes on washing machine, during dry spinning (46 cm drum / 1400 rpm) |
| 10$^4$ | 10 km/s$^2$ | | 11 768 m/s$^2$ | 1200 g | Deceleration of the head of a woodpecker |
| 10$^4$ | 10 km/s$^2$ | | 17 680 m/s$^2$ | 1800 g | Space gun with a barrel length of 1 km and a muzzle velocity of 6 km/s, as proposed by Quicklaunch (assuming constant acceleration) |
| 10$^4$ | 10 km/s$^2$ | | 29460 m/s$^2$ | 3000 g | Baseball struck by bat |
| 10$^4$ | 10 km/s$^2$ | | ~33 000 m/s$^2$ | 3400 g | Standard requirement for decelerative crashworthiness in certified flight recorders (such as a Boeing 737 'black box') |
| 10$^4$ | 10 km/s$^2$ | | >49 100 m/s$^2$ | >5000 g | Shock capability of mechanical wrist watches |
| 10$^4$ | 10 km/s$^2$ | | 84 450 m/s$^2$ | 8600 g | Current Formula One engines, maximum piston acceleration (up to 10,000 g before rev limits) |
| 10$^5$ | 100 km/s$^2$ | | 102 000 m/s$^2$ | 10 400 g | A mantis shrimp punch |
| 10$^5$ | 100 km/s$^2$ | | 152 210 m/s$^2$ | 15 500 g | Rating of electronics built into military artillery shells |
| 10$^5$ | 100 km/s$^2$ | | 196 400 m/s$^2$ | 20 000 g | Spore acceleration of the Pilobolus fungi |
| 10$^5$ | 100 km/s$^2$ | | 304 420 m/s$^2$ | 31 000 g | 9×19mm Parabellum handgun bullet (average along the length of the barrel) |
| 10$^6$ | 1 Mm/s$^2$ | | 1 000 000 m/s$^2$ | 100 000 g | Closing jaws of a trap-jaw ant |
| 10$^6$ | 1 Mm/s$^2$ | | 1 865 800 m/s$^2$ | 190 000 g | 9×19mm Parabellum handgun bullet, peak |
| 10$^6$ | 1 Mm/s$^2$ | | 3 800 000 m/s$^2$ | 390 000 g | Surface gravity of white dwarf Sirius B |
| 10$^6$ | 1 Mm/s$^2$ | | 3 900 000 m/s$^2$ | slightly below 400 000 g | Ultracentrifuge |
| 10$^7$ | 10 Mm/s$^2$ | | 53 000 000 m/s$^2$ | 5 400 000 g | Jellyfish stinger |
| 10$^9$ | 1 Gm/s$^2$ | | 1×10$^9$ m/s$^2$ | ~100 000 000 g | The record peak acceleration of a projectile in a coilgun, a 2 gram projectile accelerated in 1 cm from rest to 5 km/sec. |
| 10$^{12}$ | 1 Tm/s$^2$ | | 1×10$^{12}$ to 1×10$^{13}$ m/s$^2$ | 1×10$^{11}$ to 1×10$^{12}$ g | Surface gravity of a neutron star |
| 10$^{12}$ | 1 Tm/s$^2$ | | 2.1×10$^{13}$ m/s$^2$ | 2.1×10$^{12}$ g | Protons in the Large Hadron Collider |
| 10$^{21}$ | 1 Zm/s$^2$ | | 9.149×10$^{21}$ m/s$^2$ | 9.33×10$^{20}$ g | Classical (Bohr model) acceleration of an electron around a $_1$H nucleus. |
| 10$^{21}$ | 1 Zm/s$^2$ | | 1.76×10$^{23}$ m/s$^2$ | 1.79×10$^{22}$ g | Electrons in a 1 TV/m wakefield accelerator |
| 10$^{51}$ | 1 QZm/s$^2$ | | 5.5608×10$^{51}$ m/s$^2$ | 5.5719×10$^{50}$ g | Coherent Planck unit of acceleration |