OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Meseșenii de Jos

Meseșenii de Jos (Hungarian: Magyarkecel) is a commune located in Sălaj County, Crișana, Romania. It is composed of four villages: Aghireș (Egrespatak), Fetindia (Gurzófalva), Meseșenii de Jos and Meseșenii de Sus (Oláhkecel).
In Romanian, Meseșenii de Jos was traditionally known as Cățălul-unguresc. A 1925 law gave it the name Cățelul; this became Cățălu in 1956. The current name dates to 1960. Meseșenii de Sus, historically Cățălul-român, was Cățelușu from 1925 and Cățălușa from 1956, before acquiring its current name in 1960.

## Sights

* Reformed Church in Meseșenii de Jos (construction in the 15th century), historic monument
* Orthodox Church in Meseșenii de Jos (construction 1875)
* Orthodox Church in Meseșenii de Sus (construction 1785), historic monument
* Orthodox Church in Aghireș
# FE2 Hydroelectric Power Station

The FE2 Hydroelectric Power Station is a 36 megawatts hydroelectric power station in Gabon. Construction of this dam began in 2010. Due to lack of adequate funding, work was abandoned in 2013. In 2018, after a five-year hiatus, Tebian Electric Apparatus Stock Limited (TBEA), a Chinese independent power producer (IPP), in collaboration with the Gabonese Strategic Investment Fund, indicated their intention to invest €180 million into the development of FE2 HPP. The engineering, procurement and construction (EPC) contract was awarded to the China Gezhouba Group Company (CGGC). The energy off-taker is Société d'Énergie et d'Eau du Gabon (SEEG), the national electricity utility company of Gabon.

## Location

The power station is located across the FE2 waterfall on the Okano River, southeast of the town of Mitzic, in Okano Department, in Woleu-Ntem Province, in northern Gabon. Mitzic is located approximately 112 kilometres (70 mi) south of the city of Oyem, the provincial headquarters. This is about 323 kilometres (201 mi) by road, northeast of Libreville, the largest city and national capital of Gabon.

## Overview

The design of the power station calls for a run-of-the-river station with a hydraulic head of 88 metres (289 ft). Three vertical Francis type turbines, each rated at 12 MW, will provide capacity of 36 megawatts. Other related infrastructure developments include a new substation, an evacuation transmission line, a workers' camp and access roads to the site.
It is expected that the off-taker of the energy generated here will be the national electricity utility parastatal company, SEEG. The power is intended for distribution to the city of Libreville, the national capital, to Ndjolé, in the Abanga-Bigne Department of Moyen-Ogooué Province and to the province of Woleu-Ntem.

## Recent developments

As of December 2020, the Government of Gabon was still seeking funding to complete the construction of FE2 Hydroelectric Power Station, whose annual energy output is calculated at 240 GWh annually.
* Aristide Ngari is the Director General, Ministry of Energy, Government of Gabon.
# The Vampire (novella)

The Vampire (Russian: Упырь, Oupyr) is a gothic novella by Aleksey Konstantinovich Tolstoy, first published in Saint Petersburg in 1841 under the pseudonym of Krasnorogsky.

## Background

The inspiration for the story was Tolstoy's reminiscences of his stay in Como, Italy, in 1838. He wrote of this to his wife in April 1872, mentioning the villa Remondi, a girl named Pepina and other details. On April 9, 1841, Tolstoy read The Vampire at Vladimir Sollogub's; the reading was mentioned by Pyotr Pletnyov in a letter to Yakov Grot. In early May 1841 Tolstoy sent the manuscript to censor Aleksandr Nikitenko to be reviewed. On May 15 he was granted permission to publish it.
The novella was poorly received by critics, discouraging Tolstoy from publishing three other vampire-themed works that he had written at the time. One of these, a story titled "Amena", was published in 1846, while the other two were only published posthumously. Tolstoy's writing on the subject of vampires was at least partly influenced by The Vampyre by John William Polidori, which had been published in Russian translation in Moscow in 1828.

## Critical reception

Vissarion Belinsky liked the novella, recognizing in it "all the signs of a gift, still very young, but quite remarkable." Youthfulness, as he saw it, manifested itself in "too ardent and intense an imagination which is yet to be tempered by life experience and be balanced by the other qualities of the soul." Unlike the works of E. T. A. Hoffmann whom he admired, Belinsky regarded Tolstoy's creation as lacking intellectual depth. "Despite the superficial nature of this invention, the multifacetedness and intricacy of it belie great strength of imagination in the author, while his masterful rendition and the ability to draw characters out of mere faces and catch the spirit of the place and time... along with his beautiful, often poetic language, bear the mark of a strong literary hand," Belinsky wrote.

## English translation

* Vampires: Stories of the Supernatural (includes The Vampire and three other related tales by Tolstoy), Hawthorn Books, 1973. ISBN 080158292X
# Tureni

Tureni (Hungarian: Tordatúr) is a commune in Cluj County, Transylvania, Romania. It is composed of five villages: Ceanu Mic (Pusztacsán), Comșești (Komjátszeg), Mărtinești (Pusztaszentmárton), Micești (Mikes), and Tureni.

## Geography

The commune lies in the northern foothills of the Apuseni Mountains, at an altitude of 541 m (1,775 ft), on the banks of the river Valea Racilor. The Turului Gorge [ro] spans a length of 1,850 m (6,070 ft), within a 25 ha (62 acres) protected area of the commune.
Tureni is located in the south-central part of the county, within the Cluj-Napoca metropolitan area, 13 km (8.1 mi) northwest of Turda and 22 km (14 mi) southeast of the county seat, Cluj-Napoca. It is crossed by national road DN1.

## Demographics

At the census from 2002, there was a total population of 2,585 people living in this commune; of those, 71.64% were ethnic Romanians, 23.86% ethnic Hungarians, and 4.33% ethnic Roma. At the 2011 census, there were 2,278 inhabitants, including 64.35% Romanians, 24.67% Hungarians, and 7.55% Roma. At the 2021 census, Tureni had a population of 2,264, of which 63.03% were Romanians, 19.66% Hungarians, and 9.81% Roma.

## Natives

* Adrian Dohotaru (born 1983), politician
# MacCormick v Lord Advocate

MacCormick v Lord Advocate 1953 SC 396 was a Scottish constitutional law case and Scottish legal action on whether Queen Elizabeth II was entitled to use the numeral "II" as her regnal number in Scotland, as there had never been an earlier Elizabeth reigning in Scotland.

## Facts

John MacCormick (the Rector of the University of Glasgow) and Ian Hamilton (then part of the Glasgow University Scottish Nationalist Association) contested the right of Queen Elizabeth II to style herself 'Elizabeth II' within Scotland. They claimed it was a breach of the Act of Union 1707 between England and Scotland, since Elizabeth I had been Queen of England but not of Scotland. The action was brought against the Crown, which was represented by the Lord Advocate, who is the most senior law officer in Scotland.

## Judgment

The petition first came before Lord Guthrie, sitting as Lord Ordinary in the Outer House (the court of first instance in the Court of Session). He dismissed it; this was appealed to the Inner House. The appeal was heard by the Lord President (Lord Cooper of Culross), Lord Carmont, and Lord Russell. There, MacCormick and Hamilton lost their case: it was held that the treaty had no provision concerning the numbering of monarchs—it was part of the royal prerogative, and that they had no title to sue the Crown. The Lord President did give his opinion that "the principle of unlimited sovereignty of Parliament is a distinctively English principle and has no counterpart in Scottish constitutional law". The case was thus constitutionally interesting as the Lord Advocate "conceded this point by admitting that the Parliament of the United Kingdom 'could not' repeal or alter [certain] 'fundamental and essential' conditions" of the Act of Union. However, the Lord President also held that "there is neither precedent nor authority of any kind for the view that the domestic Courts of either Scotland or England have jurisdiction to determine whether a governmental act of the type here in controversy is or is not conform to the provisions of a Treaty" and "it has not been shown that the Court of Session has authority to entertain the issue sought to be raised".

## Significance

The outcome of this case has had continuing relevance, most notably in 1999, when the British Parliament discussed the creation of the Scottish Parliament. It has been discussed in a number of later decisions of the courts, notably Gibson v Lord Advocate 1975 SC 136, and the English case of Jackson v Attorney General, [2005] 3 WLR 733.
Winston Churchill suggested that British sovereigns would use either the English or the Scottish number, whichever was higher.
# Batalpashinsky otdel

The Batalpashinsky otdel was a Cossack district (otdel) of the Kuban oblast of the Caucasus Viceroyalty of the Russian Empire. It bordered the Stavropol Governorate to the north, the Labinsky and Maykopsky otdels to the west, the Sochi and Sukhumi okrugs to the south, and the Terek Oblast to the east. The area of the Batalpashinsky otdel included most of the contemporary Karachay-Cherkessia region of Russia. The administrative capital was the city of Batalpashinskaya (present-day Cherkessk).

## Administrative divisions

The subcounties (uchastoks) of the Batalpashinsky otdel in 1912 were as follows:
| Name | 1912 population |
| 1-y uchastok (1-й участокъ) | 61,259 |
| 2-y uchastok (2-й участокъ) | 72,300 |
| 3-y uchastok (3-й участокъ) | 71,791 |

## Demographics
### Russian Empire Census

According to the Russian Empire Census, the Batalpashinsky otdel had a population of 215,400 on 28 January [O.S. 15 January] 1897, including 107,825 men and 107,575 women. The plurality of the population indicated Russian to be their mother tongue, with significant Ukrainian and Karachay speaking minorities.
Linguistic composition of the Batalpashinsky otdel in 1897 :
| Language | Native speakers | % |
| Russian | 90,305 | 41.92 |
| Ukrainian | 58,421 | 27.12 |
| Karachay | 26,867 | 12.47 |
| Abkhaz | 10,370 | 4.81 |
| Kabardian | 8,452 | 3.92 |
| Nogai | 5,746 | 2.67 |
| German | 4,392 | 2.04 |
| Circassian | 3,962 | 1.84 |
| Ossetian | 1,829 | 0.85 |
| Tatar | 1,232 | 0.57 |
| Estonian | 839 | 0.39 |
| Belarusian | 751 | 0.35 |
| Jewish | 530 | 0.25 |
| Greek | 419 | 0.19 |
| Armenian | 380 | 0.18 |
| Polish | 192 | 0.09 |
| Mordovian | 161 | 0.07 |
| Romani | 135 | 0.06 |
| Kumyk | 100 | 0.05 |
| Georgian | 99 | 0.05 |
| Kazi-Kumukh | 47 | 0.02 |
| Romanian | 32 | 0.01 |
| Avar-Andean | 29 | 0.01 |
| Persian | 22 | 0.01 |
| Turkish | 20 | 0.01 |
| Czech | 13 | 0.01 |
| Lithuanian | 5 | 0.00 |
| Bulgarian | 3 | 0.00 |
| Latvian | 3 | 0.00 |
| Bashkir | 2 | 0.00 |
| Other | 42 | 0.02 |
| TOTAL | 215,400 | 100.00 |

### Kavkazskiy kalendar

According to the 1917 publication of Kavkazskiy kalendar, the Batalpashinsky otdel had a population of 298,208 on 14 January [O.S. 1 January] 1916, including 152,171 men and 146,037 women, 208,488 of whom were the permanent population, and 89,720 were temporary residents:
| Nationality | Number | % |
| Russians | 209,733 | 70.33 |
| North Caucasians | 77,851 | 26.11 |
| Other Europeans | 5,276 | 1.77 |
| Asiatic Christians | 3,268 | 1.10 |
| Jews | 1,089 | 0.37 |
| Sunni Muslims | 601 | 0.20 |
| Armenians | 390 | 0.13 |
| TOTAL | 298,208 | 100.00 |
# Khurais oil field

Khurais oil field (Arabic: حقل خريص) is an oil field in Saudi Arabia that went online on June 10, 2009, adjacent to the world's largest, the Ghawar trend. The Khurais field, with an area of 2,890 km$^2$ and 127 km long, is located about 250 km southwest of Dhahran and 150 km east-northeast of Riyadh. Pilot-scale production at Khurais began in 1963, but the field was never fully developed.

## Khurais Megaproject

A project to develop this field along with Abu Jifan and Mazalij oil fields is called the Khurais Megaproject. The project began in 2006, is led by Halliburton for wells drilling, Snamprogetti for crude and utilities, Hyundai for gas. It is expected to cost $3 billion, and is expected to increase Saudi Arabia's export capacity from 11.3 to 12.5 million bpd. It will produce Arabian light crude, as well as 315 million scfd of sour gas for Shedgum Gas Plant and 70,000 bpd of Natural Gas Liquids (NGL) for Yanbu Gas Plant.
The remote oil complex is served by Khurais Airport, which provides air service for personnel commuting on a weekly basis from the Dammam area.
# Novi Bolman

Novi Bolman (Hungarian: Újbolmány; Serbian Cyrillic: Нови Болман) is a settlement in the region of Baranja, Croatia. Administratively, it is located in the Jagodnjak municipality within the Osijek-Baranja County. Population is 122 people.
# Sisimiut Hydro Power Plant

Sisimiut Hydro Power Plant is a hydroelectric power plant near Sisimiut, Greenland. Construction started in March 2007 and the plant was commissioned on 7 April 2010. The initial capacity of the power plant is 15 MW. The construction included 3,000 cubic metres (110,000 cu ft) of concrete constructions, a blasted tunnel with length of 4,700 metres (15,400 ft) and a pressure pipe with length of 400 metres (1,300 ft). The altitude difference is 78.6 metres (258 ft). Produced electricity is transferred to Sisimiut by new 27.4 kilometres (17.0 mi) long 60 kV high voltage lines.
# M'Bato

The M'Bato are an Akan people who live in the Ivory Coast.
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# Komendantsky Prospekt (Saint Petersburg Metro)

Komendantsky Prospekt (Russian: Комендантский проспект, literal translation: Avenue of Commandants) is a station on the Frunzensko-Primorskaya Line of the Saint Petersburg Metro, opened on April 2, 2005. Its main decoration theme depicts the early years of Russian aviation, due to the location of the station at a former aviation field. It is the newest fourth metro station of the over-populated Primorsky district of Saint Petersburg, along with Pionerskaya and Chornaya Rechka stations of the Moskovsko-Petrogradskaya line and Staraya Derevnya of the Frunzensko-Primorskaya line.

## Transport

Buses: 112, 125, 126, 127, 127M, 134Б, 135, 170, 171, 172, 180, 182, 194, 223, 235, 258, 279, 294. Trolleybuses: 2, 23, 25, 50. Trams: 47, 55.
* This Saint Petersburg Metro article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
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# Sándor Reisenbüchler

Sándor Reisenbüchler (February 16, 1935, Budapest – April 1, 2004, Budapest) was a Hungarian animated film director and graphic artist.
He took a degree in directing of films from the Academy of Theatre and Film Arts in Budapest. He was working for PannóniaFilm in Budapest since 1965. Folk tales, fantastic and ecological themes had a particular appeal to him; he was a self-taught graphic artist with pop-art influences. A unique figure on the Hungarian Art Scene, he was given the highest national prize for his achievements: the Kossuth Award.

## Films

* 1968 "Kidnapping of the Sun and the Moon"
* 1972 "The Year of 1812"
* 1975 "Moon Flight"
* 1978 "Panic"
* 1983 "A Peacemaking Expedition"
* 1987 Isten Veled, Kis Sziget! ("Farewell, Little Island")
* 1990 Allegro vivace
* 1992 "Green Warnings For Every Day"
* 1995 Ecotópia
* 1999 Boldog világvége ("Merry Apocalypse")
* 2002 "The Advent of Light"

## Awards

* 1970 Mamaia - Golden Pelican
* 1973 Giffoni - Silver Cup
* 1974 New York - Special Prize of the Jury
* 1973 Cannes - Special Prize
* 1974 London - Among the best films of the years
* 1983 Rome - The best film
* 1984 Budapest - Jules Verne Prize
* 1988 Espinho - Category I. Prize
* 1988 Kecskemét - KAFF's Kecskemét City Award for Isten Veled, Kis Sziget! ("Farewell, Little Island")
* 1989 Lille - The best short film
* 1989 Annecy - Prize of the Journalists
* 1993 Kecskemét - KAFF's Kecskemét City Award for Allegro vivace
* 1996 Kecskemét - KAFF's Grand Prix for Ecotópia
* 1997 Cairo - Silver Cairo
* 1999 Kecskemét - KAFF's Best Soundtrack for Boldog világvége ("Merry Apocalyps")
* 2002 Kecskemét - KAFF's The Foundation of Animated Film Art's Life's Achievements Award
# Tosu, Russia

Tosu (Russian: Тосу; Yakut: Халбаакы, Xalbaakı) is a rural locality (a selo), the administrative centre of and one of two settlements, in addition to Starovatovo, in Khalbakinsky Rural Okrug of Vilyuysky District in the Sakha Republic, Russia. It is located 18 kilometers (11 mi) from Vilyuysk, the administrative center of the district. Its population as of the 2010 Census was 665, of whom 325 were male and 340 female, down from 731 as recorded during the 2002 Census.
# Mambo (film)

Mambo is an Italian/American international co-production film, produced by Dino De Laurentiis, Carlo Ponti and Paramount Pictures written and directed from 1952 to 1953 by Robert Rossen and released in 1955. A mambo craze spread through the USA in the 1950s, and Rossen aimed to repair his finances after almost two years without work since his 1951 House Un-American Activities Committee hearing. The film co-stars Katherine Dunham who acted as the film's choreographer.

## Plot

The film stars Silvana Mangano as Giovanna Masetti, a poor Venetian who is admired by the crafty croupier Mario Rossi (Vittorio Gassman) and the rich count Enrico Marisoni (Michael Rennie). Discovered by Toni Salerno (Shelley Winters), Giovanna lives out a dream to become a dancer and moves to Rome. She returns six months later to the competing affections of Mario and Enrico, resulting in a choice between the two and the dramatic finale.

## Cast

* Silvana Mangano as Giovanna Masetti
* Michael Rennie as Enrico Marisoni
* Vittorio Gassman as Mario Rossi
* Shelley Winters as Toni Salerno
* Katherine Dunham as Dance teacher
* Mary Clare as Contessa Marisoni
* Eduardo Ciannelli as Padre di Giovanna
* Julie Robinson as Marisa
* Walter Zappolini
* Ottone Candiani
* Franco Caruso as Pio
* Mimi Dugini
* Giovanna Galletti
* Cecilia Maris as Barbara
* Martitia Palmer as Lena Masetti
* Sergio Parlato as Eduardo

## Critical reception

Rossen later said, "Mambo was to be for fun only," but he "took it seriously, and it didn't come off." The New York Times found the plot contorted, the script long and incredible, and lead actress Silvana Mangano's performance laborious, but praised Rossen's skilfully created moods, some decadent and others melancholy. Alan Casty dismissed the film as a "mere job".
However, in 2001 Dorothea Fischer-Hornung concluded that the film achieved more than Rossen and contemporary critics realised. The lead, Italian shop-girl Giovanna, enrolls in a troupe led by real-time choreographer Katherine Dunham. The other three main characters in different ways try to dominate Giovanna, but she renounces one while the other two die violently. Giovanna returns to the troupe to devote herself to dance. In the first scene a sexually charged dance accompanies a character's intense pass at Giovanna. The rest of the first third of the film forms three stages of Giovanna's training: basic lessons in Durham's technique; Giovanna collapses; more advance training, using twirling and other movements to induce trances. While most contemporary critics considered the cinematography of the dance scenes "confusing" and "handled with no real flair", one described it as "briefly, seems like genius", replacing conventional straight shots with sudden cuts, mirroring and montage.
# Michael Feinberg

Michael Jai Feinberg is a photographer and software designer best known for creating the computer games Endorfun and Ishido. He is also the creator of lightSource Sacred Geometry software, and more recently Pypeline, a rich-media software platform.
# Ossówno

Ossówno is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Wierzbno, within Węgrów County, Masovian Voivodeship, in east-central Poland. It lies approximately 6 kilometres (4 mi) west of Wierzbno, 18 km (11 mi) south-west of Węgrów, and 55 km (34 mi) east of Warsaw.
# Nash, Iran

Nash (Persian: ناش, also Romanized as Nāsh) is a village in Khorgam Rural District, Khorgam District, Rudbar County, Gilan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 414, in 130 families.
# Shama Ishaq Baloch

Shama Ishaq Baloch (Urdu: شمع اسحاق بلوچ; born c. 1969) is a Pakistani politician who was a Member of the Provincial Assembly of Balochistan, from May 2013 to May 2018.

## Early life and education

Baloch was born in 1969 in Mastung District.
She has a degree of the Bachelor of Medicine and Bachelor of Surgery from Bolan Medical College.

## Political career

Baloch was elected to the Provincial Assembly of Balochistan as a candidate of National Party on a reserved seat for women in 2002 Pakistani general election.
Baloch was re-elected to the Provincial Assembly of Balochistan as a candidate of National Party on a reserved seat for women in 2013 Pakistani general election.
# Confederation of Trade Unions of Armenia

The Confederation of Trade Unions of Armenia (CTUA) (Armenian: Հայաստանի արհմիությունների կոնֆեդերացիա, romanized: Hayastani arhmiut’yunneri konfederats’ia) is a national trade union center of Armenia. It is led by Chairman Eduard Tumasyan.

## About

The Confederation was established on 1 October 1992 and currently unites 23 trade union branches, which includes over 730 organizations. As of April 2016, there are approximately 208,000 trade union members (17.4% of all employees).

## International cooperation

The Confederation is a full member of the General Confederation of Trade Unions and the International Trade Union Confederation. In addition, Chairman Eduard Tumasyan is a member of the Executive Committee of the Pan-European Regional Council.
Armenia is a member of the International Labour Organization and has ratified 23 conventions of the ILO. Armenia has also committed itself to adhering to international standards such as Article 11 of the European Convention on Human Rights, which includes the right to form trade unions and guarantees their basic rights.
# National Institute of Statistics (Cameroon)

The National Institute of Statistics (French: Institut national de la statistique, INS) is an agency of the government of Cameroon. Its head office is in the centre of Yaoundé, in front of the Immeuble rose.