OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Sultan's Pool

The Sultan's Pool (Hebrew: בריכת הסולטן, romanized: Brechat ha-Sultan; Arabic: بركة السلطان, romanized: Birket es-Sultan) is an ancient water basin to the west side of Mount Zion, Jerusalem.
The Sultan's Pool was part of the water supply network for Jerusalem from the late Second Temple period to the late Ottoman period. Today, it is an event venue for concerts and festivals.

## History

The Sultan's Pool was created by building a dam across the Valley of Hinnom, which stopped the drainage of the valley south towards the Kidron Valley and created a water reservoir. In place of the dam, an ancient bridge had previously passed, over which the lower aqueduct that carried water from Solomon's Pools near Bethlehem to Jerusalem and the Temple Mount passed. The confusing online release of the Israel Antiquities Authority mentions the Hasmonean-built Low-level Aqueduct (2nd–1st centuries BCE) at the same spot where archaeologists discovered "four phases of different aqueducts that were constructed in exactly the same spot" starting in the Byzantine-period, the 6th–7th centuries CE. The next three phases were Ottoman (16th century and later).
A covered and plastered rock-hewn canal from the Roman period was discovered throughout the pool; it is likely from the time of Herod. Some scholars identify it with the Snake Pool mentioned by Josephus.
During the Crusader period, it was known as Lacus Germani.
The Pool was renovated during the early Ottoman period by Suleiman the Magnificent (r. 1520–1566 CE), who enlarged it into a reservoir measuring 67 m × 169 m × 12 m (220 ft × 554 ft × 39 ft). Subsequently, the place was later renamed the Sultan's Pool. On the pool dam, Suleiman the Magnificent built a sebil for the use of pedestrians, which has been preserved to this day. Today, the Hebron Road passes over the dam.

## Event venue

The Sultan's Pool is dry in summer and is used as a major event venue for concerts and festivals. Many international artists have performed at the site during their visit to Israel, including Dire Straits (who played the second concert of the Brothers in Arms Tour in the Sultan Pool's, in 1985), Eurythmics, Leonard Cohen, James Taylor, Eric Clapton, Bob Dylan, Tom Petty, Jethro Tull, Madonna, Radiohead and others.
# Salinello

The Salinello (Latin: Zerninus) is a river in Italy. It is located in the province of Teramo in the Abruzzo region of southern Italy. The source of the river is in the Monti della Laga range southwest of Montagna dei Fiori. The river flows eastward and curves northeast near Civitella del Tronto. The river then curves southeast near Sant'Egidio alla Vibrata and the border with the province of Ascoli Piceno. Finally, the river flows east near Sant'Omero and enters the Adriatic Sea near Giulianova and Tortoreto Lido.
# Mustapha Ismail

Mustapha Ismail was administrator of Kwara State from December 1993 to September 1994, and was later military administrator of Adamawa State between September 1994 and August 1996 during the military regime of General Sani Abacha.
In January 1995 he opened the 16th General Assembly of Broadcasting Organizations of Nigeria (BON) in Yola, Adamawa State, asking the delegates to help build a nation with hope, pride, unity and peaceful co-existence for present and future generations.

## Tenure

Com. Pol. Mustapha Ismail joined the Nigeria Police Force in 1973 and rose to the rank of Commissioner of Police. In December 1993, he was appointed Governor of Kwara State by the military government of General Sani Abacha.
As Governor, Com. Pol.Mustapha Ismail focused on improving the infrastructure of Kwara State. He refurbished the Duku-Lake Dam in Edu LGA, the dam had collapsed in 1989, the dam was capable of irrigating over 3,000 hectares of rice farms, and its refurbishment was a major boost to the agricultural sector in Kwara State, also restored the normal water supply to Ilorin and procured new J-5 buses for the Kwara State Transport Corporation.
Ismail's administration was also notable for its commitment to education. He established the Kwara State University in Malete and the Kwara State Polytechnic in Ilorin, and also introduced a number of reforms to the state's education system.

## Later career

Com. Pol. Mustapha Ismail resigned as governor in August 1994. He subsequently served as the military administrator of Adamawa State from August 1996 to August 1998. He is a keen sportsman and enjoys playing tennis and golf and a member of the Nigerian Red Cross Society and the Nigerian Police Force Club.
# Theodore A. Switzler

Theodore A. Switzler (March 3, 1828 – January 21, 1879) was an American Union brevet brigadier general during the period of the American Civil War. He received his appointment as brevet brigadier general dated to March 13, 1865.
Switzler began his military career by organizing a company of the Dade County Home Guards and serving as their captain. He participated in the Battle of Wilson's Creek on August 10, 1861. After this battle, his company was combined with other units to form the 6th Missouri Volunteer Cavalry. On March 6, 1862, he was wounded in the neck by a small bullet at Sugar Creek, Arkansas, just before fighting in the Battle of Pea Ridge. Immediately afterwards on March 9, 1862, Switzler was promoted to the rank of major. On August 13, 1862, he was promoted to lieutenant colonel. Switzler also fought in the Battle of Prairie Grove, the Vicksburg campaign, and the Red River Campaign. His profession was bookkeeper and merchant.
# Nasser al-Shami

Nasser Al Shami (Arabic: ناصر الشامي; born June 27, 1982) is a Syrian boxer, who competed in the heavyweight division (– 91 kg) at the 2004 Summer Olympics and won a bronze medal.

## Career

At the 2002 Asian Games he was defeated by Shoukat Ali and won the bronze medal. He qualified for the Athens Games by winning the gold medal at the 2004 Asian Amateur Boxing Championships in Puerto Princesa, Philippines. In the final he defeated Kazakhstan's Pavel Storozhuk.
Olympics 2004:
* Defeated Emmanuel Izonritei (Nigeria) 30-17
* Defeated Vugar Alakparov (Azerbaijan) DQ 4 (1:40)
* Lost to Odlanier Solis Fonte (Cuba) RSC 3 (1:29)
At the 2006 Asian Games he lost to Uzbek Jasur Matchanov by walkover.

## Injury

On July 4, 2011, Al Shami participated in the 2011 Syrian uprisings against the Syrian government, where he joined the mass protests in the city of Hama, Syria. On that day, he was allegedly injured by government security forces.
# HOXD4

Homeobox protein Hox-D4 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the HOXD4 gene.

## Function

This gene belongs to the homeobox family of genes. The homeobox genes encode a highly conserved family of transcription factors that play an important role in morphogenesis in all multicellular organisms. Mammals possess four similar homeobox gene clusters, HOXA, HOXB, HOXC and HOXD, located on different chromosomes, consisting of 9 to 11 genes arranged in tandem. This gene is one of several homeobox HOXD genes located at 2q31-2q37 chromosome regions. Deletions that removed the entire HOXD gene cluster or 5' end of this cluster have been associated with severe limb and genital abnormalities. The protein encoded by this gene may play a role in determining positional values in developing limb buds. Alternatively spliced variants have been described but their full length nature has not been determined.
# Fatawa Darul Uloom Deoband

Fatawa Darul Uloom Deoband (Urdu: فتاوی دارالعلوم دیوبند) is an 18-volume compilation of Islamic legal opinions, or fatwas, issued by the scholars of Darul Uloom Deoband, a prominent Islamic seminary in India. The fatwas cover a wide range of topics, including faith, prayer, fasting, charity, pilgrimage, marriage, divorce, and more. The collection is considered a comprehensive guide to Islamic jurisprudence, and has been cited by scholars and academics around the world as a reliable source for religious verdicts on social, economic, political, and moral issues.

## History

The compilation process began in the early 20th century, with the first phase of fatwas being compiled by Muhammad Shafi Deobandi in 1938 and published as Aziz al-Fatawa. The second phase of compilation began in the 1970s under the direction of Zafeeruddin Miftahi, who organized the fatwas into 12 volumes according to fiqhi order. The third phase began in 2005 and included six more volumes, with Muhammad Amin Palanpuri adding to the collection.

## Background

Darul Uloom Deoband has been issuing religious fatwas (legal opinions) to Muslims since its inception. Initially, the responsibility was entrusted to learned teachers such as Yaqub Nanautawi, who were assisted by other teachers and students. However, with the increasing number of queries, a separate department called Darul Ifta was established in 1892, with Aziz-ul-Rahman Usmani as its first Mufti. He served for 34 years and wrote an estimated 118,000 fatwas, all of which were copied by scribes into registers and preserved for future reference.
The fatwas of Aziz-ul-Rahman Usmani were compiled in different phases, with Muhammad Shafi Deobandi and Zafeeruddin Miftahi taking up the task in the first and second phases, respectively. The latter compiled a total of 12 volumes in fiqhi order, which are known as Fatawa Darul Uloom Deoband. In the third phase, Muhammad Amin Palanpuri added six more volumes to the collection, making a total of 18. This complete collection includes only selected fatwas issued by Aziz-ul-Rahman Usmani and is also known as Fatawa Darul Uloom Deoband.

## Reception

In 1951, Abul Kalam Azad, the first Indian Minister of Education, visited the Darul Uloom Deoband. During his visit, he was greatly impressed by the vast and valuable collection of fatwas, and he expressed his admiration for it. He even remarked that this collection had the potential to produce another Fatwa-e-Tatar Khani. Azad went on to praise the madrasah's contribution to the advancement of religion, believing that such a collection could facilitate the resolution of numerous problems faced by the people. Judge Muhammad Khalid Masud of the Supreme Court of Pakistan has stated that the Fatawa Darul Uloom Deoband is an essential source for understanding the development of Islamic law in the modern age, as well as for reflecting the social, economic, and political history of South Asian Muslims.
# Tomb of Khan-e-Jahan Bahadur Kokaltash

Tomb of Khan-e-Jahan Bahadur Kokaltash (Urdu: مقبرہ خانِ جہاں بہادر کوکلتاش) is a 17th-century tomb of a Mughal governor that is located in Mohalla Ganj, in the Pakistani city of Lahore.

## History

Khan-e-Jahan Bahadur Zafar Jung Kokaltash served as Mughal Sūbehdar (governor) of Lahore from 11 April 1691 – 1693. In mid of 1693, the foster-brother to the Emperor Aurangzeb Alamgir, Aurangzeb dismissed him from this office. Four years later, Khan-e-Jahan died on 23 November 1697 in Lahore and he was buried here, in this tomb.
Historic evidences are obscure about Khan-e-Jahan. Historians have different views about who is buried here. Historian Kanhaiya Lal remarks that he was a Vizier and Umrā-ul-Umrā during the reign of the Mughal Emperor Akbar and that he died in 1602. He was a noble-man, named Khan-e-Jahan Bahadur Zafar Jung Kokaltash, during the reign of Mughal Emperor Aurangzeb.
Most historians disagree on Kanhaiya Lal's remark. Another historian, Noor Ahmed Chishti in his "Tehqeeqt-e-Chishti" did not have any written views about Khan-e-Jahan Bahadur, but only wrote about the tomb's structure.
It has been rumored that some English chiefs had converted this tomb into a dancing house.
The grave of Khan-e-Jahan was demolished in Ranjit Singh's Era when the Sikh Empire collapsed in 1849, and construction of Lahore Cantonment was underway. It is one of the last tombs built in the late era of Aurangzeb.

## Structure

The tomb was built in 1697–1698, after the death of Khan-e-Jahan. But certain years of construction are unknown. It is built on an octagonal platform with bricks and marble. The tomb is mainly in octagonal shape of architecture.
The grave was adorned with marble. In the early British India period, it was demolished, when the construction of the Mian-Mir Cantonment was underway. The tomb is a two-storey building and the upper floor may be accessed via a stairway.

## Conservation

The mausoleum is protected under the Punjab Special Premises Act of 1975. The present appearance is much denuded. In the Indo-Pakistani War of 1965, most of southern and eastern facade collapsed. The dome is now supported by a brick-pillar of modern design. The Kalib-Kari (Muqarnas) of upper storey is also damaged.

## Gallery

* Southwest-Entrance of the tomb
* Eastern Facade of the tomb
* Dome of the Tomb, seen from southern facade, and modern brick-pillar is behind the dome.
* Western Facade of the tomb
* Interior Dome of the tomb
* Southern-West Facade of the tomb
* Stairs of the tomb for Upper storey
* Brick-Pillar in the Eastern Side of the tomb
* Niche in Western Side of the tomb
* Exterior view of the dome
* Stairs of Ground floor of the tomb
# Chekhrak, Dmitriyevskoye Rural Settlement, Koshekhablsky District, Republic of Adygea

Chekhrak (Russian: Чехрак; Adyghe: Щэхъурадж) is a rural locality (a settlement) in Dmitriyevskoye Rural Settlement of Koshekhablsky District, Adygea, Russia. The population was 506 as of 2018. There are 10 streets.

## Geography

Chekhrak is located 12 km northwest of Koshekhabl (the district's administrative centre) by road. Druzhba is the nearest rural locality.
# Swords and Sandals

Swords and Sandals is a series of turn-based fighting, action platformer, and real-time strategy video games, made for Flash, Windows, iOS and Android. They were released between 2005 and 2022 by the Australian company Whiskeybarrel Studios.

## List of games
### Swords and Sandals 1: Gladiator

Gladiator, released in 2005, is the first title in the series. The main character is a pirate, shipwrecked on Doomtrek Island and forced into gladiatorism to survive. In character creation, the player can choose what the main character looks like, and how his skills are distributed. Each skill relates to a form of combat: the higher the level, the better he performs at them. In every match, the player controls the gladiator with icons around him, in a turn-based system, and usually against one opponent. After winning, the gladiator earns an amount of gold, which he can spend at the Armory (for armor), spend at the Smithy (for weapons), or save for later. It's important to take into account that the gladiator can unlock new armor and weapons by leveling up. Saving the game at any point is restricted to the full version of the game.

### Swords and Sandals 2: Emperor's Reign

Emperor's Reign, released in 2008, is the second title in the series, being the sequel of Gladiator. As the previous game, it is based on gladiatorial combat. You take part in lots of duels and tournaments. The goal is to become the champion of the arena. You start being a weak prisoner who is put on freedom after winning a fight against a harmless enemy and you must make your way in order to defeat Emperor Antares. Regarding to the previous game, the character can have a second weapon (a ranged one). In the middle of the fight, the gladiator can switch between the handed and ranged weapon. However, the ranged weapon cannot be used infinitely. Once you spend all the ammo, you must finish the fight with the handed weapon. In addition, gladiators can use magic spells as well as potions. Another aspect to point out, is that weapons, potions and magic spells are unlocked if the character has a certain amount of skill points whereas the armor can still be unlocked by leveling up.

### Sword and Sandals III: Solo Ultratus

Solo Ultratus enhances the game with better graphics, more gladiators, spells, and special abilities. It introduces multiplayer mode, allowing players to challenge each other online. This version also includes unique skills and magical attacks.

### Sword and Sandals IV: Tavern Quests

In this fourth installment, players explore beyond the arena into an RPG setting. Tavern Quests allows players to roam a world filled with quests, shops, and mini-games, combining elements of the Sword and Sandals combat system with new adventure-based gameplay.
# My Friend Pierrette

My Friend Pierrette (French: Mon amie Pierrette) is a Canadian comedy-drama film, directed by Jean Pierre Lefebvre and released in 1969. The film stars Yves Marchand and Francine Mathieu as Yves and Pierrette, a young couple who are spending their first vacation together at a family cottage when they meet Raoul (Raôul Duguay), an artist who comes between them.
The film opened theatrically in Quebec in July 1969, and was later screened in the Directors Fortnight program at the 1970 Cannes Film Festival.
The film was included in Jean Pierre Lefebvre: Vidéaste, a retrospective program of Lefebvre's films at the 2001 Toronto International Film Festival.
# 1973 in Danish television

This is a list of Danish television related events from 1973.

## Births

* 13 January – Liv Corfixen, actress
* 27 August - Anne Sofie Espersen [af; da; de; uk], actress
# Seymskiy Regional Landscape Park

Seymskiy Regional Landscape Park (Ukrainian: Сеймський регіональний ландшафтний парк) is a regional landscape park in Ukraine. It was founded in 1995, although the plans to create it date back to 1980, near the city of Konotop in the Konotop Raion of Sumy Oblast. It is located on the bank of the Seym River and its floodplain, from which the park's Ukrainian name is derived. Seymskiy Landscape Park has an area of more than 900 square kilometers in north-western Sumy Oblast. The Seym River flows through the center of the park, while the western boundary coincides with the border of Sumy Oblast. There are many swamps, bogs and lakes.
In December 2017, under the influence of hunters who were only recently disallowed from hunting there, the Konotop and Krolevets District councils planned to seize the territory from the park administration, and organized rallies demanding to close the park. To protect the park, the Kyiv Ecological and Cultural Center (KECC) filed a lawsuit against the illegal actions of the Konotop District council. On July 2, 2018, the Sumy District Administrative Court upheld the claim of the KECC and deemed the actions of Konotop District illegal. Upon the execution of the court's decision Konotop District canceled its decision on December 11, 2017. The KECC then turned to Krolevets District and offered to voluntarily cancel its decision, and it was canceled on October 19, 2018.

## Flora and Fauna

The forest in the park is mostly made up of pine trees. But the large wilderness area provides habitat to many animals. There are numerous mammals in Seymskiy RLP such as elks, roe deer, foxes, wild boars, muskrats, racoon dogs, beavers, and the more rare bison and weasels, as well as others. There are many bird species, including the moorhen, spotted crakes, mallards, sand martins, white wagtails, and eurasian oystercatchers. Many other rare birds breed here as well.
# Mykhaylo Dyachuk-Stavytskyi

Mykhaylo Dyachuk-Stavytskyi (Ukrainian: Михайло Юрійович Дячук-Ставицький; born 1 January 1989) is a Ukrainian former professional footballer who played as a midfielder.

## Career

He is the product of the Karpaty Lviv Youth School System. Dyachuk-Stavytskyi spent his career as a player in the Ukrainian First or Second Leagues.
In July 2016, he retired as a player and became an assistant manager for Oleksandr Chyzhevskyi in the FC Karpaty Lviv Reserves and Youth Team.

## Personal life

He is a son of the Ukrainian footballer and manager Yuriy Dyachuk-Stavytskyi.
# Byrd White

Byrd White is a West Virginia accountant and state government official. He was appointed in March 2019 by Governor Jim Justice as West Virginia's Secretary of Transportation as a replacement for Tom Smith, who Justice had fired over a dispute about maintenance of secondary roads.
White is a former Raleigh County Commissioner and highway construction company executive.
# L. B. Liddy

Lucius B. (L. B.) Liddy (August 22, 1905 – April 2, 1990) was an American politician from the state of Iowa.
Liddy was born in Strawberry Point, Iowa in 1905. He was appointed Secretary of Agriculture of Iowa on June 19, 1961, five days after his predecessor, Clyde Spry, died (June 14). Liddy served out the remaining of Spry's term until himself being elected in the same position for the 1963 to 1965 term. As Democrats swept the polls in Iowa for the 1965 to 1967 term, he was succeeded by Kenneth Owen. When Republicans regained control, Liddy in turn succeeded Owen for the 1967 to 1969 term, as well as the 1969 to 1971 and 1971 to 1973 terms. In January 1973, Liddy was succeeded by his deputy, Robert H. Lounsberry. Liddy died in Des Moines, Iowa in 1990. He was married with three children.
# Neftalí Soto

Neftalí Soto Santiago is a farmer, attorney and former Secretary of Agriculture of Puerto Rico.
Soto is from Lares, Puerto Rico has been engaged in the private practice of law, also worked as a District Judge of Utuado and Arecibo and as a Superior Judge of the Chambers of Utuado and Arecibo. He studied law at the University of Puerto Rico School of Law and holds a bachelor's degree in Social Sciences with a concentration in Economics from the University of Puerto Rico. He served as Secretary of the Puerto Rico Department of Agriculture under two governors, Pedro Rosselló from 1993 to 1997 and Luis Fortuño from 2012 to 2013. During his most recent stint, he succeeded Javier Rivera Aquino, also a native of Lares, who served for over 3 years since 2009.
As a farmer, Soto specialized in growing coffee. His traditional coffee hacienda in Lares became the base for the "Alto Grande" brand when he sold the property in 1990.
Soto unsuccessfully ran for the office of president of the Puerto Rico Bar Association.
# FC Metallurg Pikalyovo

FC Metallurg Pikalyovo (Russian: Металлург Пикалёво) was a Russian football team from Pikalyovo, Leningrad Oblast. It played professionally in 1968–1969, 1994–1995 and 2003. Their best result was 6th place in Zone 8/RSFSR of the Soviet Second League in 1968.

## Team name history

* 1968–2001 FC Metallurg Pikalyovo
* 2002–2004 FC Pikalyovo
* 2005 FC Metallurg Pikalyovo
# Sergey Badalyan

Sergey Grigori Badalyan (Armenian: Սերգեյ Գրիգորի Բադալյան; 4 July 1947 – 24 November 1999) was an Armenian politician who served as the first secretary of the Armenian Communist Party from 1991 to 1999.
Badalyan was born in Yerevan in 1947. He studied engineering and mathematics at the Yerevan Polytechnic Institute. He worked at the institute as an assistant professor from 1970 to 1973. From 1973 to 1980, he worked at the Joint Institute of Nuclear Research in Dubna. From 1980 to 1982, he was the head of the scientific research group at the Yerevan Institute of Physics, then served as the secretary of the Communist Party committee of the same institute from 1982 to 1991.
Badalyan was elected to the National Assembly of Armenia as a deputy from the Armenian Communist Party in the parliamentary elections of 1995 and 1999. He led the Communist Party's parliamentary faction and served on the parliamentary committee on foreign relations. Badalyan stood as the Armenian Communist Party's presidential candidate in the 1996 and 1998 presidential elections. He came in third place in the 1996 election with 79,347 votes (6.30% of the total votes) and fourth place in the 1998 election with 155,023 votes (10.93%).
He was a "special guest" of the Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe from 20 September 1999 to 24 January 2000, although he died before the completion of his tenure.
Badalyan died suddenly in Moscow in November 1999 at the age of 52. Internal divisions ensued in the Armenian Communist Party following Badalyan's death, and the party ceased to be a significant political force.
# Verkhnyaya Ivolga

Verkhnyaya Ivolga (Russian: Верхняя Иволга; Buryat: Дээдэ Ивалга, Deede Ivalga) is a rural locality (a selo) in Ivolginsky District, Republic of Buryatia, Russia. The population was 981 as of 2010. There are 19 streets.

## Geography

Verkhnyaya Ivolga is located 7 km northwest of Ivolginsk (the district's administrative centre) by road. Ivolginsk is the nearest rural locality.