OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Figari Reservoir

The Figari Reservoir (French: Réservoir de Figari, Rétenue de Figari, Lac de Talza, Lac de Ventilegne) is a reservoir in the Corse-du-Sud department of France on the island of Corsica. It provides water for irrigation and human consumption.

## Location

The Figari Reservoir is in the commune of Figari near the south coast of Corsica. It is southeast of the village of Figari. It is formed by a dam, the Barrage de Figari, that impounds the Ruisseau de Ventilegne. The reservoir supplies water for human consumption and for irrigation to the communes of Bonifacio, Figari, Pianottoli-Caldarello and Monacia-d'Aullène.

## Dam

The dam came into service in 1993 and is operated by the Office d’Equipement Hydraulique de Corse (OEHC). It is a riprap structure 35 metres (115 ft) high and 145 metres (476 ft) long with a crest elevation of 52 metres (171 ft). It holds 5,600,000 cubic metres (200,000,000 cu ft) of water. The reservoir has a surface area of 68 hectares (170 acres) and is fed by a drainage basin of 16.2 square kilometres (6.3 sq mi). The waterbody, dam and facilities occupy about 87 hectares (210 acres) in the commune of Figari, but include 5,200 square metres (56,000 sq ft) in the municipality of Bunifaziu, which holds the pumping station.

## Developments

In December 2002 it was reported that the Agence de l'eau Rhône-Méditerranée-Corse had provided up to 600,000 euros to the OEHC so it could install a water intake on the Orgone river from which it could supply additional water to the Figari reservoir. Implementation was planned for the fall of 2003.
In 2018 the OEHC scheduled work to renew the 500 millimetres (20 in) steel pipeline downstream from the Figari dam and to replace a defective 350 millimetres (14 in) valve in the pumping station. As of 2019 the OEHC was planning substantial upgrades to the spillway so it could handle a 10,000 year flood. There were also considering a hydroelectric power plant on the filling pipe of the reservoir, and considering floating solar panels.
The Extrême-Sud region consumed over 240,000 cubic metres (8,500,000 cu ft) of water per week in August 2020, considerably higher than the ten-year average and caused more by high heat than by tourism, which was down that year. The Figari and Ospedale reservoirs are the only two storage structures for the region, with a combined capacity of 9,000,000 cubic metres (320,000,000 cu ft), not enough to meet future needs. There were plans to expand the pipeline from the Figari dam north to the Nota water treatment station and to increase the capacity of the Figari reservoir by 1,500,000 cubic metres (53,000,000 cu ft). Plans also included building a dam on the Cavu to store 5,000,000 cubic metres (180,000,000 cu ft) of water.
# Matthew Minch

Matthew Joseph Minch (1857 – 5 June 1921) was an brewer and Irish nationalist politician from County Kildare who sat in the United Kingdom House of Commons as member of parliament (MP) for South Kildare from 1892 to 1903.
Minch was first elected at the 1892 general election as an Anti-Parnellite Irish National Federation candidate, unseating the sitting Parnellite MP James Leahy. He was re-elected unopposed in 1895 and also in 1900, on the latter occasion as an Irish Parliamentary Party candidate, since the split in the party had been resolved earlier that year. He resigned his seat on 12 May 1903, by the procedural device of taking the post of Steward of the Manor of Northstead.
Minch was also one of the first councillors elected to Kildare County Council, when it was created in 1899.
Minch was married twice. With his first wife Agnes he had five sons, including:
* John Minch (1890–1942) – an Irish rugby international killed in Second World War serving in the Royal Army Medical Corps.
* Sydney Minch (1893–1970) – a Teachta Dála for Fine Gael in the 1930s.
* William J. Minch (1894/95–1927) – health broken while serving in the Connaught Rangers in the First World War.
With his second wife Elizabeth O'Kelly he had two sons and one daughter.
He died at his residence, Rockfield House, Athy, County Kildare, in 1921.
# Sukhur-e Karmi

Sukhvor-e Karmi (Persian: سوخور كرمي, also Romanized as Sūkhvor-e Karmī) is a village in Heydariyeh Rural District, Govar District, Gilan-e Gharb County, Kermanshah Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 140, in 30 families.
# Amorn Chantarasomboon

Amorn Chantarasomboon (Thai: อมร จันทรสมบูรณ์) is a Thai expert on public law and constitutional law. He was a former Secretary-General of the Council of State and was a key drafter of the 1997 Constitution (the so-called "People's Constitution"). He was identified as one of Thailand's 35 most influential intellectuals.

## Education and early career

Amorn graduated from Thammasat University in 1951 and finished a PhD in international law from the University of Paris in 1956. He served as Secretary-General of the Council of State from 1980 to 1990.

## Drafting of the 1997 constitution

Amorn became a highly influential member of the Constitution Drafting Assembly. The new constitution was promulgated on 11 October 1997 and became known as the People's Constitution. Some of the innovations of the constitution included increased decentralization of government, the establishment of several independent government agencies (like the Constitutional Court, Election Commission, the Office of the Auditor-General, and National Human Rights Commission), and mechanisms to increase political stability by favoring large parties over small ones - an attempt create a strong executive branch and discourage the formation of unstable coalition governments.

## Opposition to Thaksin Shinawatra

In 2001, Amorn publicly questioned the credibility of the Constitutional Court over its decision to clear newly elected Prime Minister Thaksin Shinawatra of assets concealment charges. The government of Thaksin Shinawatra gained power in the first election contested under the 1997 Constitution.
In 2004–2005, Amorn called for the a "Second Reform", noting that the strong Thaksin government resulted in a "tyranny by the majority" and "the worst kind of parliamentary dictatorship that this country has ever witnessed". Archived 2007-09-26 at the Wayback Machine He called for the establishment of a "third alternative party" which would push through another round of constitutional reform. High on his list of reforms would be cancelling a clause that bars members of the Parliament from standing independently. He also advocated for several royalist measures that would increase the powers of the King.
# Golmakan Rural District

Golmakan Rural District (Persian: دهستان گلمكان) is in Golmakan District of Golbahar County, Razavi Khorasan province, Iran. Its capital is the village of Ahmadabad. The previous capital of the rural district was the village of Golmakan (now a city).

## Demographics
### Population

At the time of the 2006 National Census, the rural district's population (as a part of the former Golbahar District of Chenaran County) was 22,816 in 5,960 households. There were 20,366 inhabitants in 5,874 households at the following census of 2011. The 2016 census measured the population of the rural district as 8,937 in 2,764 households. The most populous of its 44 villages was Esjil, with 1,533 people.
In 2019, the district was separated from the county in the establishment of Golbahar County, and the rural district was transferred to the new Golmakan District.

## Notable people

* Houshang Golmakani, author, film critic.
# Eddie King (footballer, born 1914)

Edgar Frederick King (25 February 1914 – 1993) was an English professional footballer who played for Tottenham Juniors, Tufnell Park, Northfleet United and Tottenham Hotspur.

## Football career

King began his career at Tottenham Juniors before joining non-League Tufnell Park. After a spell with the Tottenham Hotspur "nursery" team Northfleet United the left back signed for Tottenham in 1934. He went on to play one match for the Spurs.
# Jack Lewis (footballer, born 1919)

John Lewis (26 August 1919 – 2002) was an English professional footballer who played as a half-back in the Football League for Crystal Palace, Bournemouth and Reading. He also played non-league football for Kettering Town.

## Playing career

Lewis was born in Walsall and began his youth career with West Bromwich Albion. He signed for Crystal Palace in the 1938 close season and made his debut – and only senior appearance before the league was interrupted by the Second World War – in April 1939 against Bristol Rovers. Lewis became a first team regular in the 1946–47 season, when he was ever-present and made over 30 appearances in each of the next two seasons. His form was such that he was named in a London select XI to play in Brussels in 1948.
However, in November 1949, Lewis was transferred to Bournemouth for £7,500 where he remained until July 1951, when he joined Reading. Lewis spent two seasons with Reading before moving into non-league football with Kettering Town.

## Later career

After retiring as a player, Lewis became a publican.
Jack Lewis died in 2002, aged 82 or 83.
# Osiek Dolny

Osiek Dolny is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Gołymin-Ośrodek, within Ciechanów County, Masovian Voivodeship, in east-central Poland.
# Horseman, Pass By!

Horseman, Pass By! (French: Cavalier, passe ton chemin!) is a 2005 book by the French writer Michel Déon. It recounts Déon's memories and impressions from Ireland and Irish culture.

## Origin

Michel Déon visited Ireland for the first time in 1956, invited by his friend Christine de Rivoyre. He lived in Greece for several years and moved to Ireland in 1969. He settled with his family in the village of Tynagh, County Galway in a former rectory from the 18th century. The church was turned into a stable, with the approval of the village priest. Ireland has been the setting for several of Déon's most successful novels, notably Un taxi mauve, which was adapted into the 1977 film The Purple Taxi. According to Déon he has tried to include at least one Irish character in every novel he has written since he moved to the island.
The title Horseman, Pass By! is taken from the poem "Under Ben Bulben" by W. B. Yeats. The quotation is also found on Yeats' tombstone.

## Publication

The book was published on 13 May 2005 through éditions Gallimard. An English translation by Clíona Ní Ríordáin was published in 2016 through The Lilliput Press. According to Déon's wife, the writer got to see the edition when he emerged briefly from a coma before Christmas, before he died on 28 December 2016.

## Reception

Xavier Houssin wrote in Le Monde: "Of these authors of Erin, assembling the words thrown at the brim of storms, Horseman, Pass By! is above all a great deal about William Butler Yeats. ... Déon makes the poet, his life, his works, the absolute epicentre of an intimate wandering. Compass point in place, he traces the circle and rosettes of a long walk around him. ... You are touched. Conquered."
# Osiemborów

Osiemborów is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Magnuszew, within Kozienice County, Masovian Voivodeship, in east-central Poland. It lies approximately 5 kilometres (3 mi) west of Magnuszew, 28 km (17 mi) north-west of Kozienice, and 54 km (34 mi) south-east of Warsaw.
# Osowa Krzeczanowska

Osowa Krzeczanowska is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Siemiątkowo, within Żuromin County, Masovian Voivodeship, in east-central Poland.
# Assyrians in Russia

Assyrians in Russia (Assyrian Neo-Aramaic: ܐܫܘܪ̈ܝܐ; Russian: Ассирийцы в России, romanized: Assiriytsy v Rossii) number 14,000 according to the 2002 Russian census.

## History

Assyrians came to Russia and the Soviet Union in three main waves:
* The first wave was after the Treaty of Turkmenchay in 1828, which delineated a border between Russia and Persia. Many Assyrians suddenly found themselves under Russian sovereignty, and thousands of relatives crossed the border to join them.
* The second wave was a result of the repression and violence during and after World War I. Assyrians were represented by the All-Russian Union of Assyrians "Khoyad-Atur" from 1924 to 1928.
* The third wave came after World War II when Moscow unsuccessfully tried establishing a satellite state in Iranian Kurdistan. Soviet troops withdrew in 1946 and left the Assyrians exposed to the same kind of retaliation that they had suffered from the Turks 30 years earlier. Again, many Assyrians found refuge in the Soviet Union, this time mainly in the cities. From 1937 to 1959, the Assyrian population in the USSR grew by 587.3%. The Soviets in the thirties oppressed the Assyrians' religion and persecuted religious and other leaders.
The Assyrians have tended to assimilate in recent years, but their cultural and ethnic identity has strengthened through centuries of hardships, and they have found new expression under Glasnost.

## Current situation

According to the 2002 Russian census, there were 14,000 Assyrians in Russia. 13,300 people (95% of all Assyrians) spoke Syriac as their native language.
# Ostaszewo-Włuski

Ostaszewo-Włuski is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Gzy, within Pułtusk County, Masovian Voivodeship, in east-central Poland.
# Ostromęczyn-Kolonia

Ostromęczyn-Kolonia is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Platerów, within Łosice County, Masovian Voivodeship, in east-central Poland.
# Ara-Kiret

Ara-Kiret (Russian: Ара-Киреть; Buryat: Ара Хэрээтэ, Ara Khereete) is a rural locality (a selo) in Bichursky District, Republic of Buryatia, Russia. The population was 363 as of 2010. There are 2 streets.

## Geography

Ara-Kiret is located 14 km west of Bichura (the district's administrative centre) by road. Dunda-Kiret is the nearest rural locality.
# Ostrownica

Ostrownica is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Kazanów, within Zwoleń County, Masovian Voivodeship, in east-central Poland. It lies approximately 15 kilometres (9 mi) south-west of Zwoleń and 112 km (70 mi) south of Warsaw.
# Ostrowy, Gmina Zawidz

Ostrowy is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Zawidz, within Sierpc County, Masovian Voivodeship, in east-central Poland.
# Beylik of Çubukoğulları

Beylik of Çubukoğulları (Turkish: Çubukoğulları Beyliği, literally "sons of Çubuk") was a small and short-lived principality in East Anatolia, Turkey between 1085 and 1112.
Çubuk was a commander in the Seljuk army. After the battle of Malazgirt in 1071, he fought in East Anatolia and was tasked with capturing the important fort of Harput (modern Elazığ). He captured the fort and continued making conquests in the surrounding area. He founded a principality under the suzerainty of the Seljuk Empire that included Palu, Genç, Çemişgezek, and Eğin (modern Kemaliye).
Çubuk was succeeded by his son Mehmet after 1092. After Mehmet's death in 1112 or 1113, the Beylik was incorporated into the realm of Artuqids.
# Brody Castle

Brody Castle (Ukrainian: Бродівський замок, Brodivskyi zamok) is a former fortress in the city of Brody, part of Lviv Oblast, Ukraine.

## History and overview

The earliest information about the construction of the castle in Brody town refers to the 1580s. Crown Hetman (Polish: Hetman polny koronny) Stanisław Koniecpolski acquired Brody town in 1629 and built the castle bastion of a new type between 1630 and 1635 under the supervision of Italian architect Andrea del Aqua, based on a design by Guillaume Le Vasseur de Beauplan.
The castle was pentagonal in plan and included five bastions and curtain walls, with octagonal dungeons in the middle. It was surrounded by the deep moat. The total number of casemates in the castle was 75; they were used as barracks and warehouses. The governor lived in a wooden house in the castle grounds. This house, as well as a wooden chapel, remained until the middle of the 18th century.
The castle and the fortress withstood a siege by Cossack troops that lasted several weeks during the Khmelnytsky Uprising in 1648. During the Battle of Berestechko (1651) the fortress was the Polish military base. Here the captive Cossacks were detained.
In the late 1660s the castle was renovated, and thanks to this the locals could hide there during the Turkish campaigns in 1672 and in 1676.
The castle was acquired in 1704 by the Potocki family. Count Potocki reconstructed the castle for his own residence in rococo style.
In 1772, after the First Partition of Poland, Brody town was withdrawn by Austria. Russian forces ravaged Brody during the War of the Polish Succession. At the order of the Austrian administration, most of the remaining fortifications were demolished by Wincenty Potocki in 1812: the ravelin, the clock tower, two bastions from the city side; the moat was filled.
In the aftermath of World War II, the castle housed a military unit, and at that time it was badly damaged due to reconstructions. The military unit left the fortress only in the 1990s. After that the palace facilities were transferred to the local school; there is also the regional archive and exhibition halls of the Brody Museum of Local History. The castle dungeons are still in ruins and are not used, that leads to considerable damages. The only surviving structure now is the much rebuilt two-storey palace of Stanislaw Potocki (1753–1805). It is worth mentioning that there was once a beautiful park in front of the castle. Before the war, the Serwański family played a crucial role in managing and maintaining the park, becoming not only guardians of its natural wealth but also advocates of the idea of harmony between man and nature.
# Ostrożeń Trzeci

Ostrożeń Trzeci is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Żelechów, within Garwolin County, Masovian Voivodeship, in east-central Poland. It lies approximately 9 kilometres (6 mi) south-west of Żelechów, 19 km (12 mi) south-east of Garwolin, and 74 km (46 mi) south-east of Warsaw.
# Roman Catholic Diocese of Constantine

The Roman Catholic Diocese of Constantine (-Hippone) (Latin: Dioecesis Constantinianus (-Hipponensis Regiorum), French: Diocèse de Constantine et Hippone) is a Roman Catholic diocese in the ecclesiastical province of Algiers in Algeria.

## History

Already since the second century the town of Constantine, then known as Cirta, was the seat of a bishop until the region fell to the invading Arab Muslims in the seventh century.
On 25 July 1866, the diocese was established from the Diocese of Algiers as Diocese of Constantine. Its name was changed to the Diocese of Constantine (-Hippone) on 23 September 1867. The territory of this diocese is much bigger than that of the ancient diocese of Cirta and compromises around 195 dioceses that existed in the fifth century. Before the enforcement of the Association law of 1901, the Lazarists, the Little Brothers of Mary and the White Fathers were active in the diocese.

## Geography

The diocese is located in north eastern Algieria. It includes parishes in Constantine, Annaba, Skikda, Sétif, Béjaïa, Batna, and Tébessa.

## Special churches

The current pro-cathedral is the minor basilica Basilique Saint Augustin in Annaba (Hippo). The former cathedral of the diocese is the Cathédrale Notre-Dame des Sept-Douleurs in Constantine. The building is now a mosque.

## Bishops of Constantine

* Félix de Las Cases [fr] (12 January 1867 (1867-01-12) – 29 August 1870 (1870-08-29))
* Joseph-Jean-Louis Robert (27 February 1872 (1872-02-27) – 15 July 1878 (1878-07-15)), appointed Bishop of Marseille, France
* Prosper Auguste Dusserre (31 July 1878 (1878-07-31) – 27 February 1880 (1880-02-27))
* François-Charles-Marie Gillard (27 February 1880 (1880-02-27) - 29 September 1880 (1880-09-29)), died without being consecrated
* Barthélemy Clément Combes (17 February 1881 (1881-02-17) – 15 June 1893 (1893-06-15)), appointed Archbishop of Carthage
* Ludovic-Henri-Marie-Ixile Julien-Laferrière (29 January 1894 (1894-01-29) – 12 August 1896 (1896-08-12))
* Jules-Etienne Gazaniol (13 October 1896 (1896-10-13) – 22 May 1913 (1913-05-22))
* Jules-Alexandre-Léon Bouissière (26 May 1913 (1913-05-26) – 10 September 1916 (1916-09-10))
* Amiel-François Bessière (2 January 1917 (1917-01-02) – 3 October 1923 (1923-10-03))
* Emile-Jean-François Thiénard (24 March 1924 (1924-03-24) – 26 October 1945 (1945-10-26))
* Léon-Étienne Duval (3 November 1946 (1946-11-03) – 3 February 1954 (1954-02-03)), appointed Archbishop of Algiers (Cardinal in 1965)
* Paul Pierre Pinier (27 March 1954 (1954-03-27) – 31 January 1970 (1970-01-31))
* Jean Baptiste Joseph Scotto (19 August 1970 (1970-08-19) – 25 March 1983 (1983-03-25))
* Gabriel Piroird, IdP (25 March 1983 (1983-03-25) – 21 November 2008 (2008-11-21))
* Paul Desfarges, S.J. (21 November 2008 (2008-11-21) - 24 December 2016 (2016-12-24)), appointed Archbishop of Algiers
* Nicolas Lhernould (9 December 2019–4 April 2024)
# Ostrykół Włościański

Ostrykół Włościański (Polish pronunciation:) is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Długosiodło, within Wyszków County, Masovian Voivodeship, in east-central Poland. It lies approximately 7 kilometres (4 mi) west of Długosiodło, 22 km (14 mi) north of Wyszków, and 71 km (44 mi) north-east of Warsaw.
# Sodhra Kopra railway station

Sodhra Kopra Railway Station (Urdu: سودھرا کوپرا ریلوے اسٹیشن, Punjabi: سودھرا کوپرا ریلوے اسٹیشن) is located in Sodhra town, Gujranwala district of Punjab province, Pakistan.
# Osuchów-Kolonia, Żyrardów County

Osuchów-Kolonia is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Mszczonów, within Żyrardów County, Masovian Voivodeship, in east central Poland. It lies approximately 10 kilometres (6 mi) south-east of Mszczonów, 20 km (12 mi) south-east of Żyrardów, and 45 km (28 mi) south west of Warsaw.
# Osówiec Kmiecy

Osówiec Kmiecy is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Przasnysz, within Przasnysz County, Masovian Voivodeship, in east-central Poland. It lies approximately 7 kilometres (4 mi) north-east of Przasnysz and 95 km (59 mi) north of Warsaw.