OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Wijk bij Duurstede

Wijk bij Duurstede (Dutch pronunciation: ) is a municipality and a city in the central Netherlands.

## Population centres

* Cothen
* Langbroek
* Wijk bij Duurstede

### Topography

Dutch Topographic map of the municipality of Wijk bij Duurstede, 2013.

## City

The city (population as of 2007: 23,377) is located on the Rhine. At Wijk bij Duurstede, the Kromme Rijn (Crooked Rhine) branches off, and the main branch is called Lek River downstream from Wijk bij Duurstede.
The name 'Wijk bij Duurstede' means 'Neighbourhood by Duurstede'. Duurstede is the name of the nearby castle/ruin, also called Dorestad, where the bishop of Utrecht used to live. Wijk bij Duurstede is the former location of Dorestad, an important Frisian trade settlement during Carolingian times that was pillaged around 850 by the Vikings.
Wijk bij Duurstede has the only drive-through wind mill in the world. The mill is often confused with the mill that was made famous by Ruisdael's 1670 painting The windmill at Wijk bij Duurstede, but that mill no longer exists (its foundations can still be seen a couple of blocks away from the remaining mill). At the market place of Wijk bij Duurstede is one of the few church towers in the Netherlands with a flat roof, as built because the bishop could not afford to build a spire. Inside the tower a picture displays the planned construction of the tower. The tower was supposed to become higher than the Domtoren in Utrecht.
Wijk bij Duurstede received city rights in 1300.

## Notable people

* Rorik of Dorestad (ca.810– ca.880) Danish Viking who ruled over parts of Frisia 841-873
* Dirck van Baburen (ca.1595–1624) painter of the Utrecht School
* Thomas van Rhee (1634–1701) colonial administrator, 13th Governor of Dutch Ceylon
* Hugo Leonardus Gerth van Wijk (1849–1921) biologist, teacher, and lexicographer
* Dirk Fock (1858–1941) politician and diplomat, Governor-General of the Dutch East Indies 1921–1926
* Gerrit Achterberg (1905–1962) poet
* Everhardus Jacobus Ariëns (1918–2002) pharmacologist and academic
* Johannes Alphonsus Huisman (1919-2003), philologist
* Dick Kooijman (born 1972) footballer with 322 club caps

## Gallery

* Wijk bij Duurstede, street to the churchtower
* The weir in the river Lek near Hagestein
* Wijk bij Duurstede, windmill (molen Rijn en Lek) in the street
* Wijk bij Duurstede
* Castle: kasteel Duurstede
* Neder-Rijn bij Wijk bij Duurstede
* Wijk bij Duurstede, water in de Stadshaven
* Langbroek Bebouwde Brug Cor Litjens
# Ala Boratyn

Ala Boratyn (Polish pronunciation:), also known mononymously as Ala, born Alicja Julia Boratyn on 27 November 1992, is a Polish singer-songwriter. She rose to fame in 2005 as one of the lead singers of Polish girl duo Blog 27. With Blog 27, Boratyn enjoyed success in her native Poland, Central Europe, and Japan. Having departed from the band in 2006, she embarked on a short-lived solo career before becoming member of the bands Wicked Giant, New People and Ala Zastary.

## Career

Boratyn debuted in 2005 as a member of the Polish band Blog 27 which she founded with a childhood friend Tola Szlagowska. The duo achieved commercial success with their debut album LOL which in 2006 charted in several European countries and Japan. It was certified double platinum in Poland and included three moderate international hits: "Uh La La La", "Hey Boy (Get Your Ass Up)" and "Wid Out Ya". As part of Blog 27, Ala toured in Western Europe supporting the popular German band Tokio Hotel.
In October 2006, Ala announced her departure from the band, citing personal and creative differences between Tola and her. She subsequently launched solo career, releasing the debut album Higher in November 2007. Although the first single, "Angel", was met with considerable success, the album failed to match the commercial success of Blog 27's album. She then recorded five songs for the soundtrack of the 2010 TV series Majka, the Polish version of the popular Venezuelan telenovela Juana la virgen. Two of those songs, "Nie pytaj mnie" and "SMS", became hits. The former won an award as the best digitally selling Polish song of 2011 – Digital Song of the Year.
In 2014, after several years of hiatus, she became the vocalist of the band Wicked Giant which performed grunge-inspired pop music. The band released a self-titled EP in 2016. She has also started performing in an indie pop band New People, and in late 2017, launched the project Ala Zastary with her New People bandmate Jakub Sikora. The duo released the debut single "Pilot" in late 2017. In February 2018, New People's acclaimed self-titled debut album was released. Ala Zastary released their debut album Jutro? in 2020.

## Discography

* 2005: LOL (with Blog 27)
* 2007: Higher (solo)
* 2016: Wicked Giant (EP; with Wicked Giant)
* 2018: New People (with New People)
* 2020: Jutro? (with Ala Zastary)
# Oriental Nights

Oriental Nights (German: Orientalische Nächte) is a 1960 West German crime film directed by Heinz Paul and starring Marina Petrova, Pero Alexander and Karl Lieffen.

## Cast

* Marina Petrova as Maryse
* Pero Alexander as Korff
* Karl Lieffen as Pierre
* Barbara Laage as Arlette
* Gerti Gordon as Stasi
* Reinhard Kolldehoff as Jemzeff
* Eduard Linkers as Tomaides
* Viktor Afritsch
* Rolf von Nauckhoff
* Mario del Marius as Dancer
* Hanita Hallan as Dancer
* Iban Sangare as Dancer
* Erika Nein as Dancer
* Angela Hartmann
* Al Hoosmann
* The Nilsen-Brothers as Singers
# Manzherok

Manzherok (Russian: Манжерок; Altay: Ман-Јӱрек, Man-Ĵürek) is a rural locality (a selo) in Manzherokskoye Rural Settlement of Mayminsky District, the Altai Republic, Russia. The population was 1567 as of 2016. There are 44 streets.

## Geography

Manzherok is located on the Katun River, 31 km southwest of Mayma (the district's administrative centre) by road. Ozyorny is the nearest rural locality.
# Khaled Jahrami

Khaled Jahrami (born 21 December 1962) is a Kuwaiti former fencer. He competed in the individual and team épée events at the 1988 Summer Olympics.
# Prawle Point

Prawle Point (Old English: Prǣwhyll, "lookout hill") is a coastal headland in south Devon, England. It is the southernmost point of Devon. Just to the west is Elender Cove, and further west are Gammons Head Beach, also known as Maceley Cove, and Gammon Head.
Access is from the village of East Prawle along a single-track road, at the end of which a National Trust car park is present. At the point itself, there are high cliffs. The National Coastwatch Institution has a station at the point.
The area around the point is a noted area for cirl bunting, a localised bird in Britain, while the area has also attracted many rare vagrant birds including Britain's second chestnut-sided warbler.
The point is included within the Prawle Point and Start Point Site of Special Scientific Interest, which stretches from here to Start Point.

## Shipwrecks

Many ships have been wrecked at Prawle Point.
Lalla Rookh, a tea clipper, was wrecked after striking Gammon head, afterwards being broken up and blown into Elender Cove, where she lies underneath the sand today.
In December 1992 the ship Demetrios, formerly the Long Lin from China, was being towed by a tug from Dunkirk to a Mediterranean scrapyard. During terrible gales in the English Channel, the tow broke and the Demetrios drifted helplessly. The ship struck the rocks at Prawle Point on 18 December, breaking her back in a few hours. The wreck attracted huge crowds for many weeks, and eventually a local salvage company cut up the ship and towed away the remains to Plymouth. However, the cost of scrapping the ship sent them into liquidation. Some remains were, however left over and are still visible today.
# 4-Methylcatechol

4-Methylcatechol is an organic compound with the formula CH$_3$C$_6$H$_3$(OH)$_2$ A white solid, it is one of the isomers of methylbenzenediol.

## Metabolism

The enzyme cis-1,2-dihydroxy-4-methylcyclohexa-3,5-diene-1-carboxylate dehydrogenase uses cis-1,2-dihydroxy-4-methylcyclohexa-3,5-diene-1-carboxylate and NAD(P)$^+$ to produce 4-methylcatechol, NADH, NADPH and CO$_2$.

## Related compounds

Members of the monocot subfamily Amaryllidoideae present a unique type of alkaloids, the norbelladine alkaloids, which are 4-methylcatechol derivatives combined with tyrosine. They are responsible for the poisonous properties of a number of the species. Over 200 different chemical structures of these compounds are known, of which 79 or more are known from Narcissus alone.

## Production and occurrence

The brand of low-temperature coke used as a smokeless fuel Coalite obtains homocatechol from ammoniacal liquor by solvent extraction, distillation and crystallisation.
Being structurally related to lignans, it is contributes to the aerosol generate by combustion of wood.
It is a component of castoreum, the exudate from the castor sacs of the mature beaver.
# Chaqabol, Borujerd

Chaqabol (Persian: چقابل, also Romanized as Chaqābol, Chagawal, Chaghābal, Chaqābal, Chaqāvol, Chaqāwal, Choghābal, Choghaval, Choqābal, and Choqā Bol) is a village in Bardesareh Rural District, Oshtorinan District, Borujerd County, Lorestan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 24, in 6 families.
# Tazehabad-e Heydarbeygi

Tazehabad-e Heydarbeygi (Persian: تازه ابادحيدربيگي, also Romanized as Tāzehābād-e Ḩeydarbeygī and Tāzehābād Ḩeydar Beygī; also known as Tāzehābād) is a village in Cheleh Rural District, in the Central District of Gilan-e Gharb County, Kermanshah Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 100, in 26 families.
# Forest steppe

A forest steppe is a temperate-climate ecotone and habitat type composed of grassland interspersed with areas of woodland or forest.

## Locations

Forest steppe primarily occurs in a belt of forest steppes across northern Eurasia from the eastern lowlands of Europe to eastern Siberia in northeast Asia. It forms transition ecoregions between the temperate grasslands and temperate broadleaf and mixed forests biomes. Much of Russia belongs to the forest steppe zone, stretches from Central Russia, across Volga, Ural, Siberian and Far East Russia.
In upper North America another example of the forest steppe ecotone is the aspen parkland in the central Prairie Provinces, northeastern British Columbia, North Dakota, and Minnesota. It is the transition ecoregion from the Great Plains prairie and steppe temperate grasslands in the south to the Taiga biome forests in the north.
In central Asia the forest steppe ecotone is found in ecoregions in the mountains of the Iranian Plateau, in Iran, Afghanistan, and Balochistan.

## Forest steppe ecoregions

* East European forest steppe forms a transition between the Central European and Sarmatic mixed forests to the north and the Pontic–Caspian steppe to the south. It extends from Romania in the west to the Ural Mountains in the east.
* The Kazakh forest steppe lies east of the Urals, between the West Siberian broadleaf and mixed forests and the Kazakh steppe.
* Altai montane forest and forest steppe
* The Southern Siberian rainforest includes forest-steppe areas.
* Selenge-Orkhon forest steppe
* The Daurian forest steppe lies between the Trans-Baikal conifer forests and East Siberian Taiga to the north and the Mongolian-Manchurian grassland to the south.
* Zagros Mountains forest steppe
* Elburz Range forest steppe
* Kopet Dag woodlands and forest steppe
* Kuhrud-Kohbanan Mountains forest steppe
* Canadian Aspen forests and parklands—North Dakota, Minnesota, and Canada
# Sivarhovar

Sivarhovar (Persian: سيورهوار, also Romanized as Sīvarhovār) is a village in Sarqaleh Rural District, Ozgoleh District, Salas-e Babajani County, Kermanshah Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 83, in 13 families.
# Søborg Castle

Søborg Castle (Danish: Søborg Slot, pronounced) is a ruined castle south of Gilleleje in North Zealand, Denmark. It was one of the strongest castles in Denmark and was also used as a prison. It was inhabited until the Count's Feud in 1535, when it is speculated that it was destroyed. In 1577, the feudal tenant was granted permission to use the ruins as a quarry.

## History

Søborg Castle is first known from the 12th century, when ownership of the castle passed from the king to the Bishop of Roskilde. Bishop Valdemar was imprisoned at Søborg Castle from 1198 to 1206. Valdemar IV, Duke of Schleswig was confined at Søborg Castle in 1285–86.
Queen Margaret I of Denmark was born at the prison of Søborg Castle, where her father, King Valdemar IV of Denmark, had confined her mother, Helvig of Schleswig.
Traditionally, Archbishop Eskil of Lund is said to have expanded the previous buildings to a real castle with defensive walls and a moat. As Eskil was in close contact with Esrum Abbey, it is considered likely that he lived nearby at Søborgby. Saxo Grammaticus wrote that Eskil had built a castle in the den lethriske mose, but it is unknown whether that is a reference to Søborg. No-one has so far been able to make a clear connection between Eskil and Søborg either by archaeological finds or written sources. Such a connection is therefore a hypothesis only.
In the Middle Ages, the castle was on an island in a fjord with an outlet to the Kattegat by Gilleleje. Later, the fjord became Søborg Sø, which was drained 1872-1896 when a canal was dug to Gilleleje.

## Excavations

In 1985, Danish historian Robert Egevang (1939–2008) led an excavation of two trenches to determine the conditions between the octagon tower and the castle proper. A rampart approximately 11 metres (36 ft) wide is the oldest encirclement of the castle. Tiles have been found in the rampart, as well as in the octagon tower which was built at the same time. The excavations show that the castle proper was erected in the late 13th century, which would make it impossible that Eskil was the builder, as he died in 1181. The tiles are very unevenly made, evidence of their novelty in Denmark, after having only recently been introduced from Lombardy.
# Shakil Aamir Mohammed

Shakil Aamir Mohammed is a two-time legislator hailing from Bharat Rashtra Samithi. He won twice consequently as a member of Telangana Legislative Assembly representing Bodhan Assembly constituency in 2014 and 2018.
# Sus, Lachin

Sus (Azerbaijani: Sus; Armenian: Սուս) is a village in Lachin District of Azerbaijan. It was formerly under the supervision of the Russian peacekeeping force following the ceasefire agreement that ended the 2020 Nagorno-Karabakh war. The village came under the de facto control of the breakaway Republic of Artsakh from 1992–2022, is administrated as part of its Kashatagh Province, and is de jure part of the Lachin District of Azerbaijan. As of 26 August 2022, Azerbaijan regained control of villages in the Lachin corridor, including Lachin, Sus, and Zabukh.

## Geography

Sus sits on the Hakari (Aghavno) river, opposite to Ashaghy Sus (Nerkin Sus). It is 1.8 km (1.1 mi) from Ashaghy Sus (Nerkin Sus), 3.1 km (1.9 mi) from Lachin (Berdzor), 4.8 km (3.0 mi) from Zabukh (Aghavno), 8.4 km (5.2 mi) from Tegh, Armenia, 19.6 km (12.2 mi) from Goris, Armenia, and 30.9 km (19.2 mi) from Stepanakert (Khankendi). At its closest, the Armenian border is 4.6 km (2.9 mi) away.

## Economy and culture

The population is mainly engaged in agriculture and animal husbandry. As of 2015, the village has a municipal building and a secondary school.

## Demographics

The village had 30 inhabitants in 2005, and 26 inhabitants in 2015. Following the 2020 ceasefire, only around 200 Armenians remained in the Lachin corridor, with 30 of them being in Sus.

## Administration

According to the administrative division of the Republic of Artsakh, along with the village of Sus, the community of Sus includes the villages of Ashaghy Sus (Nerkin Sus), Mollalar (Gihut) and Gizilja (Urmia). According to the administrative division of Azerbaijan, the village forms an administrative unit together with the villages of Zabukh (Aghavno), Baylik and Gizilja (Urmia).
# Lanusei Cathedral

Lanusei Cathedral (Italian: Cattedrale di Santa Maria Maddalena di Lanusei) is a Roman Catholic cathedral dedicated to Saint Mary Magdalene in the Piazza Vittorio Emanuele in the centre of Lanusei, Sardinia. Since 1927 it has been the seat of the Bishops of Lanusei (until 1986 the Bishops of Ogliastra).

## History

The existence of a parish church in Lanusei is recorded from the 16th century. The testimonies of Monsignor Melano in 1797 and Monsignor Navoni in 1822, both of them archbishops of Cagliari, are critical of the great decay into which the church had been allowed to fall. By the time of its eventual restoration in 1860 the church had become so degraded that no services had been held in it for a long time. The works involved the almost complete demolition of the old structure, to be replaced by a new church in Neo-classical style. Further repairs and alterations took place in 1927, when the episcopal seat of Ogliastra was transferred here from the former cathedral at Tortolì.

## Description

The west front is divided into three parts, the central one of which, bordered by two pairs of lesene to either side, terminates in a triangular tympanum. The side sections are linked to the central one by sinuous volutes. The doors of the single portal are made of bronze panels depicting the lives of saints, made in 1984. Above is a rectangular window surmounted by the tympanum. Next to the church is a square campanile, culminating in an octagonal turret topped off by a tented roof.
The interior has a central aisle and two side aisles under a barrel vaulted roof, divided by cruciform pilasters, and three chapels to either side. The presbytery, covered by an octagonal cupola, terminates in a semi-circular apse. The painted decoration of 1926-27 is by Mario Delitala, in particular the four tondi at the apex of the vault of the nave showing Mary Magdalene sinning, converted, penitent and glorified. Also by Delitala are the three canvases to the side of the presbytery of the Nativity, the Crucifixion and the Deposition. Among the other works of art, of especial note are an 18th-century wooden crucifix, some furniture from the old church and a bronze statue of 1983 by Enrico Manfrini of Saint George, bishop of Suelli, made on the occasion of the proclamation of Saint George to joint patron of the diocese of Ogliastra (successor to the more ancient diocese of Suelli, suppressed in the 15th century).
# Sirakan Tigranyan

Sirakan Tadevosi Tigranyan (Armenian: Սիրական Թադևոսի Տիգրանյան; 1875–1937) was an Armenian politician who served as Minister of Foreign Affairs of the First Republic of Armenia from 1918 to 1919.
In a letter to his wife, the first prime minister of Armenia, Hovhannes Kajaznuni, described Tigranyan as "quite trained, able to judge, but at the same time he has an abstract, fruitless and unsophisticated mind."
# Nicolás Rodríguez (footballer, born 1991)

Nicolás Alejandro Rodríguez Charquero (born 22 July 1991 in Montevideo) is a Uruguayan footballer who plays for Uruguayan side Nacional.

## National

He has been capped by the Uruguay national under-20 football team for the 2011 South American Youth Championship.

### International goals

| No. | Date | Venue | Opponent | Score | Result | Competition | Ref. |
| 1. | 25 July 2010 | Estadio Defensores del Chaco, Asunción, Paraguay | Mexico | 2–1 | 2–1 | Copa Integración Latinoamericana |
# Mathías Suárez

Mathías Sebastián Suárez Suárez (born 24 June 1996) is a Uruguayan professional footballer who plays as a right-back for Uruguayan club Deportivo Maldonado .

## Club career

On 2 January 2019, Suárez officially signed with Montpellier until July 2023. Suárez made his debut on 3 February 2019 against rivals Nîmes. He was substituted at the half time break due to an injury. After a clash with Nîmes goalkeeper Paul Bernardoni, he broke three ribs and the estimated injury time was four weeks.

## International career

Suárez made his debut for Uruguay national team on 16 November 2018 in a friendly against Brazil, as a starter.

## Personal life

Suárez is the younger brother of Peñarol right-back Damián Suárez.

## Career statistics
### International

    As of 25 March 2019
Appearances and goals by national team and year :
| National team | Year | Apps | Goals |
| Uruguay | 2018 | 2 | 0 |
| Uruguay | 2019 | 1 | 0 |
| Total | Total | 3 | 0 |

## Honours

Uruguay U22
* Pan American Games: 2015
# Merano Ice Trophy

The Merano Ice Trophy Memorial Martina Barricelli is an annual international figure skating competition which is generally held in the spring in Merano, Italy. It is named in honor of former figure skater and coach Martina Barricelli, who died in 2021. It is organized by the Italian Ice Sports Federation (Italian: Federazione Italiana Sport del Ghiaccio) and the Associazione Sportiva Merano. Medals may be awarded in men's and women's singles at the senior, junior, and novice levels.

## Senior medalists
### Men's singles

| Year | Gold | Silver | Bronze | Ref. |
| 2022 | Gabriele Frangipani | Luc Maierhofer | Jari Kessler | |
| 2024 | Nikolaj Memola | Vladimir Litvintsev | Gabriele Frangipani | |

### Women's singles

| Year | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
| 2022 | Ginevra Lavinia Negrello | Lucrezia Beccari | Sophia Schaller |
| 2023 | Mariia Andriichuk | Alice Orrù | No other competitors |
| 2024 | Léa Serna | Lara Naki Gutmann | Marina Piredda |

## Junior medalists
### Men's singles

| Year | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
| 2022 | Naoki Rossi | Georgii Pavlov | Daniel Basile |
| 2023 | Damian Malczyk | Nicolas van de Vijver | Giorgio Basile |
| 2024 | Lukas Vaclavik | Ilia Gogitidze | Arin Yorke |

### Women's singles

| Year | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
| 2022 | Anna Pezzetta | Sarina Joos | Elina Plüss |
| 2023 | Chiara Minighini | Siqi Liu | Katherine Ong Pui Kwan |
| 2024 | Chiara Minighini | Barbora Tykalová | Eugenia Sekulovski |
# Synodality

Synodality (from synod which is Greek σύν "together" and ὁδός "way, journey") is in the Catholic Church a term "often used to describe the process of fraternal collaboration and discernment that bodies like the [Synod of Bishops] were created to express".

## Meaning

Synodality denotes the particular style that qualifies the life and mission of the Catholic Church. The Holy See's International Theological Commission states that synodality, when it concerns the Catholic Church, designates "the specific modus vivendi et operandi of the Church, the People of God, which reveals and gives substance to her being as communion when all her members journey together, gather in assembly and take an active part in her evangelising mission". Synodality also "refers to the involvement and participation of the whole People of God in the life and mission of the Church". The church's Dicastery for Promoting Christian Unity notes that the term synodality "[b]roadly [...] refers to the active participation of all the faithful in the life and mission of the Church".
The final document of the Sixteenth Ordinary General Assembly of the Synod of Bishops defines synodality as: "a path of spiritual renewal and structural reform that enables the Church to be more participatory and missionary, so that it can walk with every man and woman, radiating the light of Christ".

## Contemporary usage

Synodality is seen as one of the key words that characterizes the pontificate of Pope Francis.
A document by the International Theological Commission discussing synodality was published in March 2018.
Synodality became the theme of the Synod on synodality.
# Godaesan

Godaesan (Korean: 고대산) is a mountain in South Korea. Its area extends across Yeoncheon, Gyeonggi-do and Cheorwon County, Gangwon-do. Godaesan has an elevation of 832 m (2,730 ft).
# Lareh Val

Lareh Val (Persian: لره ول; also known as Lareh Dūl) is a village in Naran Rural District, in the Central District of Sanandaj County, Kurdistan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 102, in 27 families. The village is populated by Kurds.