OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Julian Penn

Julian Penn born Julian Arthur became Julian Hicks (c. 1520 – 14 November 1592) was an English business person and moneylender. She owned lands in London and Bristol and ran businesses.

## Life

Penn was probably born in Clapton in Gordano as her father Willam Arthur was from there. She married Robert Hicks but its not known when or where this took place. They lived in London where her husband ran the White Bear mercer's shop in the City of London on Cheapside. They had six sons. The eldest son became Sir Michael Hickes and two others, Baptist Hicks, 1st Viscount Campden and Clement Hickes survived childhood.
Her husband made a will on 21 November 1557 in her favour and when he died she inherited his goods, ironmongery business and lands in Bristol and Gloucestershire. He did leave a property in London to his brother but that was to go to Julian eventually. Julian could write but with a poor hand and bad spelling, but with her skills and her sons she managed the business.
She married again to Anthony Penn and when he died in 1572 he left all his goods to Julian. He also left a black gown to Michael, Clement and Baptist Hickes, his son Anthony Penn and another fifty black gowns for Julian to decide who had them.
In 1576 or 1577 she took stock of her assets noting that "from the first day of my birth I never deserved penny or piece of bread … God hath done it all, giving and taking". She included a large amount of good debts, her property "White Bear" at Cheapside and her current residence which she bought in 1559. In addition she had plate, jewels, tapestry, linen and furniture.
The poet and courtier Edward de Vere, 17th Earl of Oxford improved her financial prospects when he agreed to rent a room from her for £100 per year in 1591. However the Earl left without paying her but she had agreed beforehand that Thomas Churchyard would be his guarantor. She contacted him about the debt. She died in the following year.
# Groote Schuur Zoo

The Groote Schuur Zoo was a 2-hectare (4.9-acre) zoo in Cape Town, South Africa. Established in 1931 at the request of deceased Cecil Rhodes, it was free of charge and a very popular attraction in Cape Town until its closure sometime between 1975 and 1985. The zoo shut down due to a combination of the financial burden that the Apartheid government faced and an increase in animal welfare standards. During its operation, it housed many animals including lions, emus, crocodiles and tahrs. The zoo can still be visited today, as it has been abandoned and left open to the public. The most prominent feature of the zoo is the Lion's Den, both when it was open and today where it still stands, full of overgrown vegetation.

## History

In 1893, Cecil Rhodes purchased the Rhodes Estate (which comprises the University of Cape Town, the Rhodes Memorial and the zoo). He had a herbivorous menagerie on his estate and in 1896 he was gifted two lions and a leopard, for which he built an extension onto the menagerie to house the creatures. Originally he had elaborate designs for the house, but only a small house was built. Upon his death he bequeathed his estate to the state, and in 1930 the Lion house was torn down. The following year new enclosures were built to house the animals and the site became known as Groote Schuur Zoo.

## Lion attacks

In 1974, three students attempted to kidnap a lion cub in a drunken escapade following a University of Cape Town (UCT) rugby win. One of the students, a winger on the team, was bitten by one of the lionesses and rushed to hospital, where he fought infection for six months before eventually recovering. It is alleged that the remains of a body of a drifter was found one morning at the bottom of the pit in an unrelated incident, but that it was covered up.

## Legacy

While today the only physical remains are the abandoned buildings, the zoo has a notable legacy. At one point during its operation, two tahrs, a breed of Himalayan mountain goat, escaped up Table Mountain. These goats bred a significant population which resided upon the mountain. In 2000, the decision was made to control the population through culling due to the environmental damage they caused, and while they are rare, there is still a population of goats on the mountain. Another notable escapee that flourished was the common starling, which can now still be found in South Africa.
# Jay Hind!

Jay Hind! is an Indian Hindi-language standup comedy and late-night talk show hosted by Sumeet Raghavan, which was broadcast on the internet. It was launched on 15 August 2009, and published new episodes twice a week. The final episode was broadcast in October 2014.
The show was created by Abhigyan Jha as a sequel to the late-night television comedy show Movers & Shakers. It was produced by Mrinal Jha for Undercover Productions Ltd. By 2014, the show had a team of 15 scriptwriters.
Jay Hind! included satirical commentary on current events, jokes about politicians and other public figures, and comedy about sexuality and other controversial subjects. The presenter and guests freely used profanity. In 2012, a skit about the Sikh runner Fauja Singh, which included jokes about the 1984 Sikh massacre, was sharply criticized by the Sikh community.
In 2011, the show's website was hacked by anti-Indian fundamentalist activists.
A version of the show adapted for television, called The Late Night Show, was broadcast on Colors TV. It debuted on television on 3 March 2012. The Late Night Show excluded some of the more controversial commentary, in order to be accepted for syndication.
There was also an English-language version of Jay Hind!, called Better Late Than Never, which focused on international news.
Abhigyan Jha was nominated for the Best Director (Comedy) award at the Indian Television Academy Awards in 2011, for his work with Jay Hind!.
# Alphius, Philadelphus and Cyrinus

Saints Alphius, Philadelphus and Cyrinus (Italian: S.S. Alfio, Filadelfo e Cirino), martyrs in the Byzantine traditions of southern Italy, were three brothers from Vaste, in the diocese of Otranto, who died with their mother, Benedicta, during the persecution of Decius, ca 251 AD. The details concerning these martyrdoms are traditional, drawn up at a later date in the Benedictine Acta of Saint Alphius.
According to the Acta, Alphius, Philadelphus, Cyrinus, ranging in age from nineteen to twenty-two, and their mother Benedicta were arrested with other Christians during the persecutions under Decius. They were taken to Pozzuoli, near Naples, where one of the Christians, Onesimus, was executed. The brothers were taken on to Sicily, where they were martyred at Lentini; there they are among the patron saints. Alphius had his tongue torn from his mouth. Philadelphus was burned on a stake and Cyrinus was boiled alive in oil. No details of her execution are given for Benedicta. Their feast day is 10 May in Trecastagni, Sicily and Labor Day Weekend Lawrence, Massachusetts, USA. The town of San Fratello, in Sicily, is named after them.
# Indira Bajramović

Indira Bajramović is a Roma activist and economist who has been working to improve the condition of Roma women in Bosnia and Herzegovina for over 20 years. She is the director of the Association of Roma Women 'Better Future' (local name 'Bolja budućnost') from Tuzla.
Bajramović has worked to provide aid and relief to rural Roma villages, and also advocated for Roma people to have equal opportunity in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Specifically, Bajramović has focused on raising awareness about the difficulties faced by unemployed Roma women and victims of domestic violence and abuse.

## Activism

Bajramović's association focuses on providing food and hygiene products as well as school supplies for young children in Roma communities. Additionally, the association works to provide private medical examinations for impoverished women, specifically to screen for breast cancer.

### COVID-19 Pandemic

During the summer of 2020, amid the COVID-19 pandemic, Bajramović and her foundation partnered with the Bosnia and Herzegovina Women's Roma Network, the Tuzla Community Foundation, and the International Solidarity Forum Emmaus to provide 700 aid packages to local Roma communities around Kiseljak. Bajramović helped to coordinate the distribution of 400 meals a day once every 3 days with volunteers. She was also engaged in several construction projects including that of a football pitch and a playroom for children. Additionally, she was involved in the reconstruction of a damaged canal, which had previously led to the flooding of many local houses.
In addition to providing assistance to Roma communities during the pandemic, Bajramović also documented deficiencies in rural areas that were further exacerbated by the pandemic. She pointed out the smaller share of students from Roma communities participate in online classes, the increasing rate of domestic violence and discrimination in health care. She particularly highlighted the lack of availability of COVID-19 testing in these rural communities.

## Politics

Bajramović ran for a position on the Tuzla city council as number 9 on the Union for a Better Future of BiH (Bosnian: Savez za bolju budućnost Bosne i Hercegovine) ticket. She was not elected. A total of 20 Roman women ran, but none were elected as councillors. During the election, 47 Roma men ran as well, of whom 6 became councilors. Bajramović ascribed the women's lack of success to their focus on community work instead of visible campaigning. She also brought attention to the splitting of the vote among many new parties, and urged Roma to consolidate behind one candidate, though she was heartened by the greater number of Roma running for office than in previous years.
# Homenetmen Lebanon

Active departments of Homenetmen Lebanon :
| Beirut (football) | Beirut (basketball) |
| Bourj Hammoud | Antelias |
Homenetmen Sports Association Lebanon (Arabic: الجمعية الرياضية هومنتمن لبنان; Armenian: Հայ Մարմնակրթական Ընդհանուր Միութիւն (ՀՄԸՄ), lit. 'Armenian General Athletic Union (HMƏM)') is a Lebanese-Armenian multi-sports club and scouting movement. Established in 1924, it is part of the worldwide pan-Armenian Homenetmen organization.
Homenetmen Lebanon has had teams in various national leagues, most notably in association football, basketball, track and field, table tennis, and cycling, among others.

## History

Lebanon's branch of the Homenetmen organisation was founded in 1924 in Beirut. They first established a football team, who first won the Lebanese Premier League in the 1943–44 season. Homenetmen was closely affiliated with the Tashnag party. Homenetmen Beirut were one of the most prominent football teams, winning the league title seven times.
Following the Lebanese Civil War, the club fell into dismay; they were relegated to the Lebanese Second Division for the first time in 2002, and to the Lebanese Third Division in 2005. Ever since, the organisation shifted its focus away from football to indoor sports.

## Branches

The organisation has eight branches in different locations in Lebanon: Beirut, Tripoli, Jounieh, Bourj Hammoud, Anjar, Zahlé, and Jdeideh.
* Homenetmen Antelias
* Homenetmen Beirut
** Football
** Basketball
* Homenetmen Bourj Hammoud
# Marieke Nivard

Marieke Nivard (born 14 June 1990) is a professional golfer from the Netherlands who played on the Ladies European Tour. In 2011, she won two LET Access Series tournaments and topped the LETAS Order of Merit.

## Early life and amateur career

Nivard was born in Stockholm, Sweden in 1990 and was introduced to golf at age 8 by her father. She enjoyed success as an amateur. She won silver at the 2007 European Girls' Team Championship, losing the final at Oslo Golf Club in Norway to a Swedish team with Jacqueline and Caroline Hedwall.
In 2008, she won both the Duke of York Young Champions Trophy and the German Girls Open. She finished 6th at the European Ladies Amateur Championship and played in the European Ladies Golf Cup, a professional event, with Marjet van der Graaff where they placed 4th. She also played in the European Ladies' Team Championship in Sweden, where the Netherlands won silver after falling in the final to a Swedish team that featured future major winners Anna Nordqvist and Pernilla Lindberg.
She appeared at the Espirito Santo Trophy twice, in 2008 she finished T8 together with Christel Boeljon and Dewi Claire Schreefel, and in 2010 T20 with Myrte Eikenaar and Karlijn Zaanen.
In 2009, she again represented Netherlands at the European Ladies' Team Championship, and had the best individual score at Copa Sotogrande. She reached No. 2 in the EGA ranking and was selected for the continental team in the Vagliano Trophy, where her team prevailed.

## Professional career

Nivard turned professional in November 2011, having earned conditional status on the Ladies European Tour at Q-School in December.
In her rookie year, she played in 10 events and made three cuts. She won two titles on the LET Access Series, Trophée Preven's in France and the Azores Ladies Open in Portugal, one stroke ahead of England's Kelly Tidy. She secured the number one spot in the 2011 LET Access Series Order of Merit ahead of Henni Zuël, and earned a full card for the Ladies European Tour.
In 2012, she made five cuts in 14 LET starts, with a best finish of T26 in the Ladies German Open.

## Amateur wins

* 2008 Duke of York Young Champions Trophy, German Girls Open
* 2009 Copa Sotogrande
* 2010 Dutch National Championship
Source:

## Professional wins (2)
### LET Access Series (2)

* 2011 Trophée Preven's, Azores Ladies Open

## Team appearances

Amateur
* European Girls' Team Championship (representing Netherlands): 2007
* European Ladies' Team Championship (representing Netherlands): 2008, 2009, 2010
* Espirito Santo Trophy (representing Netherlands): 2008, 2010
* Vagliano Trophy (representing the Continent of Europe): 2009 (winners)
Professional
* European Ladies Golf Cup (representing Netherlands): 2008
# Theatre Comique (Boston)

Theatre Comique (1865–1869) of Boston, Massachusetts, was located at no. 240 Washington Street. Personnel included Jason Wentworth, William H. Crisp, James S. Maffitt, George Maffitt, B.F. Lowell, Wm. H. Daly, orchestra leader Aug. Muller, and maitre de ballet Signor Constantine. Among the performances: slack rope and acrobatics by Martini Chiriski and the Levantine Brothers; Mlle. Augusta, danseuse; "Aladdin" with Kate Pennoyer and W.H. Bartholomew; dancing by Betty Regl; Snow Brothers (William and Benjamin Snow); Morlacchi Ballet Troupe; Wilson Brothers (Louis and George Wilson); Ada Harland; and Jarrett & Palmer's "Forty Thieves." It occupied the building formerly known as Andrews Hall, Barnum's Aquarial Gardens, and the Boston Aquarial and Zoological Gardens. In 1869 the theatre was renamed the "Adelphi Theatre."

## Images

* Detail of 1869 map of Boston, showing Theatre Comique on Central Court, off Washington Street
* Advertisement, 1865
* Portrait of actor James S. Maffitt, affiliated with the theatre
# Vladimir Krylov (general)

Vladimir Vasilyevich Krylov (Russian: Влади́мир Васи́льевич Кры́лов, Bulgarian: Владимир Крилов; 1830 – April 1885) was a Russian Imperial Army general who served as the Minister of War of the Principality of Bulgaria (1881–1882).

## Biography

Vladimir Krylov's family originated in the Vyatka Governorate.
In 1843–1865, he served in the St. Petersburg Grenadier Regiment as a podpraporshchik. In 1853, he served in the Tomsk Regiment and fought in the Crimean War. He participated in the defense of Sevastopol.
As a major, Krylov took part in putting down a Polish uprising.
In 1869–1881, he commanded the 24th Simbirsk Infantry Regiment, with which he fought in the Russo-Turkish War (1877-1878).
In April 1881 Krylov was promoted to major general. The next year he served as the Minister of War of the Principality of Bulgaria. It was on his initiative that several laws were introduced to and passed by the National Assembly of Bulgaria.
He left the Russian Imperial Army due to sickness and died in 1885.

## Sources

* Russian Wikipedia
* Bulgarian Wikipedia
# Synanthedon cephiformis

Synanthedon cephiformis is a moth of the family Sesiidae. It is found in Central Europe and Eastern Europe.
The wingspan is 17–22 mm. Adults are on wing from June to August.
The larvae feed within galls caused by Melampsorelle caryophyllacearum and Aecidium elatinum on Abies alba, Picea excelsa, Larix decidua and Juniperus communis.
# Saint Clement and Sisinnius inscription

The Saint Clement and Sisinnius inscription (Italian: Iscrizione di San Clemente e Sisinnio), written around the end of the 11th century AD, is located in the subterranean chapel of the Basilica of San Clemente al Laterano in Rome. It is the very first known example of the Italian language used in a work of art.

## Content

The inscription consists of the dialogue of the characters depicted on the fresco. In a scene taken from the Passio Sancti Clementis ("Martyrdom of Saint Clement"), a certain Sisinnius (implied to be a corrupt master or boss) is instructing his servants to drag Saint Clement off to prison, unaware that the latter has escaped and that what they are dragging along is really a stone column.
The dialogue is as follows:
* Sisinnium: "Fili de le pute, traite! Gosmari, Albertel, traite! Falite dereto colo palo, Carvoncelle!"
* Sanctus Clemens: "Duritiam cordis vestris, saxa traere meruistis".
Or in English:
* Sisinnius: "Pull, you sons of bitches! Gosmario, Albertello, pull! Get in there with the pole, Carboncello!"
* Saint Clement: "You deserve to drag stone on account of the hardness of your hearts."
This is an early example of dialogue written next to the characters who speak it, a phenomenon that would later become common in comics.

## Linguistic analysis

Sisinnius and his workmen speak in an early form of Romanesco, whilst Saint Clement expresses himself in Medieval Latin. This juxtaposition of the 'rude' vernacular with the 'holy' liturgical language is deliberate and meant to reflect the different moral standings of the characters involved. A rough modern equivalent might be the master speaking in a rustic New York accent, while the saint speaks in King James English.
Nevertheless, St. Clement's dialogue contains a number of mistakes, which was common for the time. Duritiam, the accusative, is written instead of the ablative duritia; the form vestris is a mistake for vestri, likely by contamination with the ending of the preceding cordis; and finally, the letter h (which was already oft-unpronounced from Early Vulgar Latin) is missing from trahere.
The expression falite is composed of fa 'do.IMP', li 'him.DAT' and te 'you.ACC', an order that follows the so-called Tobler-Mussafia Law.
The name Carvoncelle, ultimately derived from Latin carbonem 'charcoal', shows the passage of /rb/ to /rv/, a change characteristic of Romanesco as well as other Central Italian dialects.
# Joël van Kaam

Joël van Kaam (born 8 March 2002) is a Dutch professional footballer who plays as a right-back for ACV Assen.

## Career

Van Kaam started playing football in the youth ranks VV Appingedam before transitioning to the youth academy of FC Groningen in 2013. On 12 July 2019, he signed his first professional contract with the club, committing to a two-year deal with an option for an additional year. Regularly featuring in the first team selection, he made his professional debut in the Eredivisie on 8 November 2020, replacing Remco Balk in the 66th minute of a 2–0 away loss against Feyenoord. Just a week later, he earned his first start in the home game against Vitesse.
On 31 August 2021, Van Kaam joined Emmen on loan for the 2021–22 season alongside fellow Groningen-player Kian Slor.
On 5 March 2024, Van Kaam was announced as ACV Assen's signing ahead of the 2024–25 season.

## Personal life

Van Kaam was born in the Netherlands to a Dutch father and Brazilian mother. Van Kaam is the younger brother of Daniël van Kaam. When Joël made his professional debut for Groningen, they joined a lineage of brothers who have played for the club's first team, which includes Erwin and Ronald Koeman, and Dominique and Gregoor van Dijk.

## Career statistics
### Club

    As of match played 15 April 2022
Appearances and goals by club, season and competition :
| Club | Season | League | League | League | KNVB Cup | KNVB Cup | Other | Other | Total | Total |
| Club | Season | Division | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals |
| Groningen | 2020–21 | Eredivisie | 6 | 0 | 0 | 0 | — | — | 6 | 0 |
| Groningen | 2021–22 | Eredivisie | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | — | — | 0 | 0 |
| Groningen | 2022–23 | Eredivisie | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | — | — | 0 | 0 |
| Groningen | 2023–24 | Eerste Divisie | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | — | — | 0 | 0 |
| Emmen (loan) | 2021–22 | Eerste Divisie | 16 | 0 | 2 | 0 | — | — | 18 | 0 |
| Career total | Career total | Career total | 22 | 0 | 2 | 0 | — | — | 24 | 0 |
# Jorrit Smeets

Jorrit Smeets (born 25 March 1995) is a Dutch former footballer.

## Club career

Smeets made his professional debut in the Eerste Divisie for Fortuna Sittard on 26 September 2016 in a game against Jong PSV.
On 1 February 2021, Smeets signed with Dutch club Almere City.
On 26 August 2023, Smeets joined Emmen with a one-year contract.
# Aron van Lare

Aron van Lare (born 5 January 2003) is a Dutch professional footballer who plays as a goalkeeper for Eerste Divisie club NAC Breda.