OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Arpi, Armenia

39°44′21″N 45°15′42″E﻿ / ﻿39.73917°N 45.26167°E﻿ / 39.73917; 45.26167
Arpi (Armenian: Արփի) is a village in the Areni Municipality of the Vayots Dzor Province in Armenia. It is situated 8 km southwest of the Province center, on the right bank of the Arpa River. The Yerevan-Meghri interstate highway passes through the village.

## Etymology

The village is also known as Arpa.

## History

The village's establishment dates back to 1965 when it was formed based on the relocated population from Gnishik village in the Yeghegnadzor region.

## Geography

Arpi community borders Aghavnadzor in the northwest, Getap in the northeast, Yeghegnadzor in the east, Areni and Gnishik communities in the south. The village stands at an average elevation of 1100 m above sea level and is crossed by the Arpa River, which is abundant in yellowfish and barbel species, while its source is home to trout. Besides, the village is known for its large silicate deposits.

## Climate

The climate is very dry and continental.

## Population

The population dynamics of Arpi over the years:
| Year | 1970 | 1979 | 1989 | 2001 | 2011 |
| Population | 1360 | 928 | 771 | 1138 | 1149 |

## Occupation

Arpi consists of 328 households and a population of 1261 individuals, with 75 percent of them having proper housing.
The primary occupations of the population include cultivation, fruit growing, animal husbandry, and beekeeping. The village is provided with drinking and irrigation water.
Around 70 individuals from the village are employed in various state institutions and local government bodies.

## Historical and cultural sites

The ancient settlement of Ertij is situated within the administrative boundaries of the Arpi community, which, according to tradition, served as a fortress for the region. However, in the 1930s, the village was abandoned as the last inhabitants departed due to the scarcity of drinking and irrigation water.
Adjacent to the old settlement lies the natural spring area known as "Jrov Vank," a pilgrimage site since ancient times. The spring serves as the village's sole source of drinking water. According to tradition, the water from this spring is believed to possess healing properties for skin diseases.
The community has five monuments dedicated to significant events and individuals. These include memorials for the victims of the Armenian genocide, the residents of Gnishik who lost their lives in the Second World War, and another honoring Vahik Levonyan, a hero of the same war.
Besides, the nearby area houses two caves named "Mozrov" and "Arj."

## Public facilities

The village has a secondary school, medical station, village hall, kindergarten, petrol station, market, and recreational areas. The school, named after Vahik Levonyan, a hero from the Second World War, has undergone thorough renovation and is well-maintained. A bust of the hero, sculpted by Adibek Grigoryan, is close to the school.
The village library functions and cultural events are held in the school hall.
The community is home to two wine workshops and one stone processing workshop.

## Gallery

* Scenery around Arpi
* Scenery around Arpi
* Scenery around Arpi
* A view of Arpi
# Marchev

Marchev (masculine, Bulgarian: Марчев) or Marcheva (feminine, Bulgarian: Марчева) is a Bulgarian surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Iliyan Marchev (born 1992), Bulgarian footballer
* Veselin Marchev (born 1990), Bulgarian footballer
# Cheshmeh-ye Mostafa Beyg

Cheshmeh-ye Mostafa Beyg (Persian: چشمه مصطفي بيگ, also Romanized as Cheshmeh-ye Moşţafá Beyg; also known as Cheshmeh-ye Moşţafá Beg) is a village in Dasht-e Hor Rural District, in the Central District of Salas-e Babajani County, Kermanshah Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 160, in 32 families.
# Robert McEliece

Robert J. McEliece (May 21, 1942 – May 8, 2019) was the Allen E. Puckett Professor and a professor of electrical engineering at the California Institute of Technology (Caltech) best known for his work in error-correcting coding and information theory. He was the 2004 recipient of the Claude E. Shannon Award and the 2009 recipient of the IEEE Alexander Graham Bell Medal. He was a life fellow of the IEEE and was elected to the National Academy of Engineering in 1998.
Born in Washington, D.C., and raised in Baltimore, McEliece was educated at Caltech (B.S. in 1964, Ph.D. in mathematics 1967) and attended Trinity College, Cambridge in 1964–65.
He began working at Caltech’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory as an undergraduate, and continued there until 1978. From 1978 until 1982 he was professor of mathematics and research professor at the Coordinated Science Laboratory, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign. During the 1970s, he collaborated with Elwyn Berlekamp at Cyclotomics.
In 1982 he returned to Caltech as professor of electrical engineering, retiring in 2007. At Caltech he won five teaching awards and advised 30 Ph.D. students. From 1978 until his retirement, McEliece consulted with the Jet Propulsion Laboratory on error-correcting coding schemes. Beginning in 1997, he consulted with SONY in Tokyo.
He had three daughters and one son. He died in Pasadena, California on May 8, 2019.

## Awards and recognitions

* Fellow of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (1984) for contribution to information and coding theory research and applications.
* Fellow of the IEEE Information Theory Society

## Selected publications

* The theory of information and coding: A mathematical framework for communication. Addison-Wesley. 1977. ISBN 9780201135022.
* A Public-Key Cryptosystem Based on Algebraic Coding Theory, JPL Deep Space Network Progress Report 42– 44 (1978), pp. 114–116, Bibcode:1978DSNPR..44..114M
* On the Inherent Intractability of Certain Coding Problems (with E. R. Berlekamp and H. Van Tilborg), IEEE Trans. Inf. Theory IT-24 (1978), pp. 384–386, doi:10.1109/TIT.1978.1055873
# Shabla Knoll

Shabla Knoll (Bulgarian: връх Шабла, romanized: vrah Shabla, IPA:) rises to over 400 m (1,312 ft) in Delchev Ridge, Tangra Mountains, Livingston Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica surmounting Sopot Ice Piedmont to the north and Pautalia Glacier to the southwest.
The knoll is named after the Bulgarian town of Shabla and the nearby Shabla Point on the Black Sea coast.

## Location

The knoll is located at 62°37′30.7″S 59°51′04.5″W﻿ / ﻿62.625194°S 59.851250°W﻿ / -62.625194; -59.851250, which is 2.31 km (1 mi) east-northeast of Elena Peak, 660 m (2,165 ft) southeast of Kaloyan Nunatak, 1.05 km (1 mi) southwest of Mesta Peak and 2.91 km (2 mi) southwest of Renier Point (Bulgarian mapping in 2005 and 2009 from the Tangra 2004/05 survey).

## Maps

* South Shetland Islands. Scale 1:200000 topographic map No. 3373. DOS 610 – W 62 58. Tolworth, UK, 1968.
* Islas Livingston y Decepción. Mapa topográfico a escala 1:100000. Madrid: Servicio Geográfico del Ejército, 1991.
* S. Soccol, D. Gildea and J. Bath. Livingston Island, Antarctica. Scale 1:100000 satellite map. The Omega Foundation, USA, 2004.
* L.L. Ivanov et al., Antarctica: Livingston Island and Greenwich Island, South Shetland Islands (from English Strait to Morton Strait, with illustrations and ice-cover distribution), 1:100000 scale topographic map, Antarctic Place-names Commission of Bulgaria, Sofia, 2005
* L.L. Ivanov. Antarctica: Livingston Island and Greenwich, Robert, Snow and Smith Islands. Scale 1:120000 topographic map. Troyan: Manfred Wörner Foundation, 2010. ISBN 978-954-92032-9-5 (First edition 2009. ISBN 978-954-92032-6-4)
* Antarctic Digital Database (ADD). Scale 1:250000 topographic map of Antarctica. Scientific Committee on Antarctic Research (SCAR). Since 1993, regularly updated.
* L.L. Ivanov. Antarctica: Livingston Island and Smith Island. Scale 1:100000 topographic map. Manfred Wörner Foundation, 2017. ISBN 978-619-90008-3-0
# Dynamo Kursk

WBC Dynamo Kursk (Russian: ЖБК «Динамо» Курск) is a Russian professional women's basketball club from Kursk playing in the Russian Premier League. They won their first FIBA Eurocup title in 2012. In the 2016–17 season, Kursk won the EuroLeague Women after going undefeated in the competition. In reaction to the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine, in February 2022 EuroLeague Women suspended the club.

## History

* 1994: WBC "Svetlana" Kursk formed.
* 1997: renamed Dynamo Kursk.
* 1999: started participating in the Russian Women's Super League.
* 2008–09: qualified to semi-final in FIBA Eurocup.
* 2009–10 and 2010–11: 4th place in the Russian Women's Super League.
* 2012: for the first time won the FIBA Eurocup.
* 2014–15: in their debut 2014–15 Euroleague won bronze.
* 2016–17: for the first time entered final of the 2016–17 Euroleague.
* 2022: Suspended by Euroleague Women.

## Titles

* FIBA Euroleague:
** Winners: 2016–17
** Runners-up: 2018–19
** Third place: 2014–15, 2017–18
* FIBA Eurocup:
** Winners: 2011–12
** Runners-up: 2013–14
* Baltic Women's Basketball League:
** Winners: 2016–17
* Russian Championships:
** Runners-up: 2016–17, 2017–18, 2018–19, 2019–20, 2020–21
** Third place: 2013–14, 2014–15, 2015–16
* Russian Cup:
** Winners: 2014–15, 2015–16, 2017–18, 2019–20
** Runners-up: 2016–17, 2018–19, 2020–21
** Third place: 2013–14

### Other achievements

* FIBA Euroleague: Quarterfinals (2015)
* FIBA Eurocup: Semi-Final (2009)
* Russian Women's Basketball Premier League: 4th place (2010, 2011)

## Former notable players

* Işıl Alben
* Anna Petrakova
* Gunta Baško
* Aušra Bimbaitė
* Temeka Johnson
* Michelle Snow
# Arco Ganganelli

The Arch of Ganganelli (Italian: Arco di Ganganelli) or Arco di Papa Clemente XIV is a triumphal arch that stands in the town of Santarcangelo di Romagna, Emilia-Romagna, Italy. It was constructed in 1772–1777 to celebrate the elevation in 1769 of the native Cardinal Lorenzo Ganganelli to become Pope Clement XIV. Designed by the architect Cosimo Morelli, the arch led into town through the via Emilia, and until the early 21st century, allowed cars to drive through. The monument was meant to have a marble statue of the pope atop the center, but the statue, sculpted by Antonio Canova, was instead used for the Tomb of Pope Clement XIV in the Basilica of the Holy Apostles in Rome.
Atop the arch is the papal coat of arms of Clement, which consist from top to bottom, of a papal tiara flanked by two keys, In the upper register are the crossed arms, symbol of the Franciscan order, to which Clement belonged. Below are three eight point stars over a trimount argent (three mountains), symbol of the Virgin Mary as overseeing heavens, land and water. Along the roofline are further trimounts with eight pointed stars.
To the north of the arch, facing the piazza Ganganelli is the Pascucci Elementary school, built at the site of the former Franciscan monastery. On Strada Provinciale 14, just west is the town library (Biblioteca Comunale Antonio Baldini). To the south is the city hall, designed in the mid-1800s by Giovanni Benedettini.
On November 11, during the Festival of San Martino (known as the Fiera dei Becchi [Fair of the Cuckolds]) held in Santarcangelo, large cow horns are traditionally hung in the middle of the arch. According to the popular tradition, if the horns move while you pass under the arch, then the fidelity of your partner is in question.
# Astghashen

Astghashen (Armenian: Աստղաշեն) or Dashbulag (Armenian: Դաշբուլաղ; Azerbaijani: Daşbulaq) is a village in the region of Nagorno-Karabakh, in the Khojaly District of Azerbaijan. The village is famous for its unique star-shaped stones, which the village derives its name from. Until 2023 it was controlled by the breakaway Republic of Artsakh. The village had an ethnic Armenian-majority population until the exodus of the Armenian population of Nagorno-Karabakh following the 2023 Azerbaijani offensive in Nagorno-Karabakh.

## Toponymy

The village was historically known as Karaghbyur (Armenian: Քարաղբյուր). The name Astghashen means "village of stars", with the word Astgh (Armenian: Աստղ) meaning "star" in Armenian, referring to the famous star-shaped fossils of the village.

## History

The village is known for its star-shaped fossils. The fossils originate from small marine animals that lived in the Tethys Ocean that covered the area millions of years ago. There are also many other types of fossils in the area.
During the Soviet period, the village was a part of the Askeran District in the Nagorno-Karabakh Autonomous Oblast of Azerbaijan SSR. The village has been administered by the Republic of Artsakh as a part of its Askeran Province since the First Nagorno-Karabakh War.
After the 2020 Nagorno-Karabakh war, Artsakh launched the construction of a new settlement for IDPs close to Astghashen, on the road towards the neighboring village of Patara, for people displaced from the villages of Sghnakh, Jraghatsner, Madatashen and Moshkhmhat in the Askeran Province.

## Historical heritage sites

Historical heritage sites in and around the village include burial sites from the 2nd–1st millennia BCE, a 14th-century tomb about 4 km southwest of the village, St. George's Church (Armenian: Սուրբ Գևորգ եկեղեցի, romanized: Surb Gevorg Yekeghetsi) built in 1898, with two 16th/17th-century khachkars, and a spring monument from 1930.

## Economy and culture

The population is mainly engaged in agriculture and animal husbandry. As of 2015, the village has a municipal building, a secondary school, a house of culture, two shops, and a medical centre. The Astghashen Art School is also located in the village.

## Demographics

The village had 520 inhabitants in 2005, and 507 inhabitants in 2015.

## Gallery

* St. George's Church in Astghashen
* Inside St. George's Church
* Monument to the victims of the Great Patriotic War (WWII)
* Closeup of monument to the victims of the Great Patriotic War (WWII)
* Municipal building in Astghashen
* School entrance
* The famous star-shaped fossils of the village
# McCall College

McCall College (McCC) is an American private college located in McCall, Idaho. It primarily serves Valley County, Adams County and Idaho County. McCall also serves as a destination college for students from the Pacific Northwest.

## Mission

Provide meaningful post-secondary education for students of all ages helping them achieve their individual and social goals to develop a whole person in community and the world

## History

McCall College, a community-based college in McCall Idaho, was first proposed by Dr. L. Bryan Williams on his arrival in McCall during the late summer of 2010. During 2011, Williams proposed the idea to a local businessperson, Woody Woodworth and a retired university administrator, Dave Hanson. These three founders incorporated McCall College on December 27, 2011.
In 2012, McCall College became registered with the Idaho State Board of Education so that it could offer certificates in higher education as a private proprietary school. By the summer of 2012, the school was working on recruitment and fundraising; its faculty members and administrators were working as unpaid volunteers. McCall began Professional Technical classes in May 2013. McC's first academic course, Introduction to Geology, was offered in the fall of 2013. In 2014, McCall College received its 501(c)3 designation from the Internal Revenue Service.

## Campus

The primary campus of McCall College is located in the Park Place Professional Center in McCall Idaho. The campus occupies approximately 6000 square feet of office space. The campus consists of 4 classrooms, an academic center, a student center, offices and conference space. The college also offers Thursday night classes at St Luke's Boise Medical Center, Anderson Building.

## Academics
### Programs

Professional Technical Certificate = ProTech
| Community Programs | Active Courses | Professional Technical Programs |
| short events | 8 weeks duration | (1 year or less; 32 hours) |
| computer workshops | Intro to Windows Office | |
| Ethics training | Principles of Health Care & Bioethics | Certificate in Bioethics (started 2015) |
| Business plan workshops | Introduction to Entrepreneurship | Entrepreneurship (started 2013) |
| Fine Art | Introduction to Drawing | |

## Leadership

President 2012–present—Dr. L. Bryan Williams
Board Chair 2012–present—Woody Woodworth
Academic Dean 2012–present—Dr. R. Bruce Moore

## Athletics

McCall College neither currently fields athletic teams nor has a mascot.
# Shōgo Nakano

Shōgo Nakano (中野翔吾, Nakano Shōgo, born 11 June 1997) is a Japanese professional rugby union player who plays as a centre for Japan Rugby League One club Tokyo Sungoliath and the Japan national team.

## International career

Japan head coach Jamie Joseph has named Shunsuke Asaoka in a 52-man training squad ahead of British and Irish Lions test.
# Varazdat Harutyunyan

Varazdat Harutyunyan (also Harutiunian, Armenian: Վարազդատ Հարությունյան; 29 November 1909 in Van – 20 March 2008 in Yerevan) was an Armenian academic, architect and writer.

## Biography

Harutyunyan was born in the Ottoman Empire, in the town of Van, but he and his family were forced to flee into Russian territory during the Armenian genocide. They settled first in Tbilisi and then in Yerevan. In 1946, he obtained his Ph.D., and then Doctor of Science in architecture. In 1964, he became a professor of history. In 1996 he was elected Academician of the National Academy of Sciences of Armenia. In Armenia, he was also president of the Society for Protection of Historical Monuments.
He was the author of over 40 books and over 800 articles, mostly on Armenian architecture.
# Dargah, Hormozgan

Dargah (Persian: درگاه, also Romanized as Dargāh; also known as Darkāh) is a village in Gowharan Rural District, Gowharan District, Bashagard County, Hormozgan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 332, in 64 families.
# Yasarat

Yasarat (Persian: يسارات, also Romanized as Yasārāt; also known as Yassāra) is a village in Miyan Ab-e Shomali Rural District, in the Central District of Shushtar County, Khuzestan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 107, in 21 families.
# Sumana Kittur

D. Suman Kittur is an Indian journalist, film director and lyricist working in Kannada cinema. She began as an independent director with Slum Bala (2008), before working on films such as Kallara Santhe (2009), Edegarike (2012) and Kiragoorina Gayyaligalu (2016). Most of her films deal with anti-social elements. She is one of the few women directors to win a state award.

## Biography

Suman was born in Kittur, a village near Periyapatna in Mysore district of Karnataka. Her father owned a small theatre in the same village. With the love and passion for cinemas, he ran the theatre, though it faced huge losses. His vision to bring entertainment even to small towns was the reason she took movies. Her Inspiration came from her father initially. After her graduation, she moved to Bangalore, when the villagers forced her to marry. Seeing the talent she possessed, her father took him to journalist turned film director Agni Shridhar. Later his father died and She began her film career assisting him. She began her life as a writer for Agni Journals. With her writing skills she later began writing songs and scripts for movies. Foreseeing her talent, his guru gave the first opportunity to work in films. She began with film Aa Dinagalu. Though she took the entire work of the film, she gave credits to the director and later realising her talent she was given the huge responsibility of become a debut director.

## Filmography

| Year | Title | Role | Notes |
| 2007 | Aa Dinagalu | Associate director and lyricist | |
| 2008 | Slum Bala | Director, lyricist | |
| 2009 | Kallara Santhe | Director, lyricist | Karnataka State Film Award (Special Jury Award) |
| 2012 | Edegarike | Director, screenwriter, lyricist | Karnataka State Film Award for Third Best Film Bangalore International Film Festival Special Jury Award Nominated, Filmfare Award for Best Director Nominated, Bangalore Times Film Award for Best Director |
| 2016 | Kiragoorina Gayyaligalu | Director | |

## Personal life

Sumana Kittur was married on 17 April 2020.
# Bayrampaşa Prison

The Bayrampaşa Prison (Turkish: Bayrampaşa Cezaevi) is a former prison in the Bayrampaşa district of Istanbul Province in Turkey. It was established in 1968 in an area of 120.000m².

## History

The construction of the prison was started 1956. 12 years later, in 1968, it was opened with the name Sağmalcılar Prison (Turkish: Sağmalcılar Cezaevi). Inmates of the closing Sultanahmet Jail were moved to Sağmalcılar.
In late 2000, many prisoners across Turkey went on a hunger strike to protest against a cell system in F-type Prisons. On 19 December 2000, an operation called "Hayata Dönüş Operasyonu" was launched in those prisons, which left 32 people dead including 12 prisoners in the Bayrampaşa Prison.
The Turkish Ministry of Justice decided to close the prison because of its works aiming to "close old prisons which not meet contemporary standards and have a bad image, and moving detainees and convicts to newly built modern prisons." The prison was officially closed on 18 July 2008.
2270 houses have been built on the site of the former prison, which sparked controversy in November 2019, when the zoning plan was not accepted by the Municipal Council of Istanbul.

## Notable inmates

* Billy Hayes (writer)
# Eurema mandarina

Eurema mandarina, also known by its common name Japanese common grass yellow, is a species from the genus Eurema. It is a coliadine butterfly.
# Sokolovka, Amur Oblast

Sokolovka (Russian: Соколовка) is a rural locality (a selo) in Shirokologsky Selsoviet of Seryshevsky District, Amur Oblast, Russia. The population was 51 as of 2018. There are 2 streets.

## Geography

Sokolovka is located 82 km east of Seryshevo (the district's administrative centre) by road. Voskresenovka is the nearest rural locality.
# Patriotic Front (Bulgaria, 2021)

The Patriotic Front (Bulgarian: Патриотичен фронт; PF) is a Bulgarian nationalist coalition participating in the November 2021 Bulgarian parliamentary election. The coalition includes NFSB, Entire Bulgaria and BDSR. At the same time, the coalition does not include VMRO and Volya, which was in several coalitions before this one: Patriotic Front (2014), United Patriots, and Bulgarian Patriots.

## Electoral history
### Parliamentary

Bulgarian Parliament :
| Election | Votes | % | Rank | Seats | +/– | Government |
| Nov 2021 | 8,602 | 0.32% | 15th | 0 / 240 | 0 | Extra-parliamentary |

### Presidential

| Election | Candidate | First round | First round | Second round | Second round | Result |
| Election | Candidate | Votes | % | Votes | % | Result |
| 2021 | Valeri Simeonov | 8,568 | 0.32% | | | Lost |
# Hoher Weißzint

The Hoher Weißzint (Italian: Punta Bianca; German: Hoher Weißzint) is a mountain in the Zillertal Alps on the border between Tyrol, Austria, and South Tyrol, Italy.
# Dennis Widdop

Dennis Anthony Widdop (14 March 1931 – October 2016) was an English professional footballer who played as a winger.

## Career

Born in Keighley, Widdop signed for Bradford City from Portadown in July 1954. He made 1 league appearance for the club, before being released in June 1955.

## Sources

* Frost, Terry (1988). Bradford City A Complete Record 1903-1988. Breedon Books Sport. ISBN 0-907969-38-0.