OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Steve A. Kauffman

Steve A. Kauffman is an American professional sports agent who currently represents many prominent National Basketball Association (NBA) and collegiate coaches.

## Background and education

Kauffman holds a Bachelor's degree in accounting from Temple University and a Juris Doctor from the University of Pennsylvania Law School.

## Early career

Kauffman began working in the sports industry in the 1970s, at the age of 27, providing accounting and legal services for such clients as Muhammad Ali and basketball Hall of Famers Julius Erving and Charles Barkley. He subsequently founded KSMG where he represented a number of high-profile professional athletes such as Dominique Wilkins and Rony Seikaly. Kauffman negotiated many notable contracts, including the record-setting Jon Koncak $13.2 million, six-year deal, making the journeyman center the 5th highest paid basketball player at that time.
Kauffman invented the 'player opt out' and 'love of the game' clauses, both common in modern professional athlete contracts. Kauffman's first National Football League (NFL) client was Chicago Bears first-round Draft pick Brian Urlacher, whom Kauffman represented for eight years.
Kauffman also served as the Commissioner of the Eastern Basketball Association, which expanded under his leadership and became known as the Continental Basketball Association (CBA). The CBA was the world's first professional basketball league.

## Current work

Kauffman's current NBA head coaching clients include Michael Malone, Jeff Hornacek, Lionel Hollins, Steve Clifford, and Monty Williams. He also represents numerous assistant coaches. Front office clients include Chris Wallace, Ryan McDonough, John Hammond, Pete D'Alessandro, Jeff Bower and Donnie Walsh. Other notable past and present clients include Paul Westphal, Jon Koncak, Eric Snow, Ron Darling, and Dominique Wilkins. College basketball coaching clients include Dave Pilipovich, Ed DeChellis, Mark Price, and Brian Fish.

## Personal life

A Philadelphia native, Kauffman relocated to Malibu, California, in 1995. Kauffman and his wife, Jan, have five children (Matt, Jake, Casson, Jill and Lisa), a grandson (Boden), as well as two black standard poodles (Chanel and London).
# Sadia Nadeem Malik

Sadia Nadeem Malik (Urdu: سعدیہ ندیم ملک; born 1 April 1967) is a Pakistani politician who was a Member of the Provincial Assembly of the Punjab, from May 2013 to May 2018.

## Early life and education

She was born on 1 April 1967 in Lahore.
She received the degree of Master of Arts in Political Science in 1991 from Government College, Lahore.

## Political career

She was elected to the Provincial Assembly of the Punjab as a candidate of Pakistan Muslim League (N) (PML-N) on a reserved seat for women in 2013 Pakistani general election.
She was re-elected to the Provincial Assembly of the Punjab as a candidate of PML-N on a reserved seat for women in 2018 Pakistani general election.
# Tax uncertainty

Tax uncertainty is the term for the economic risk that results when future taxes and tax rates are undetermined. Similar to policy uncertainty, tax uncertainty can impact both individuals and businesses and has been shown in some studies to slow rates of economic growth.

## In the United States

Temporary tax measures adopted in the 2000s, commonly referred to as Bush tax cuts, though extended in 2011, were scheduled to expire at the end of 2012. The uncertainty surrounding changes to tax rates, as well as the availability of certain tax deductions and credits, led to many businesses holding off on hiring and reducing spending. Honeywell CEO David Cote cited tax uncertainty as the reason why Honeywell has replaced only one quarter of departing employees in 2012 saying, "The last thing you want is to hire a lot of people and then have to lay them off."
According to a report published by the Stanford Institute for Economic Policy Research financial and tax uncertainty played a significant role in the slow recovery of the U.S. economy because uncertainty had led to a more cautious approach to investments and hiring. In November 2012 the analysis firm Macroeconomic Advisers predicted that, in the absence of a resolution, unemployment would rise to 8.5 percent and the U.S. economy would grow only 1.1 percent in 2013.
# Khara-Khuzhir

Khara-Khuzhir (Russian: Хара-Хужир; Buryat: Хара Хужар, Khara Khujar) is a rural locality (an ulus) in Okinsky District, Republic of Buryatia, Russia. The population was 214 as of 2010. There are 4 streets.

## Geography

Khara-Khuzhir is located 15 km north of Orlik (the district's administrative centre) by road. Orlik is the nearest rural locality.
# Mihnea III

Mihnea III Radu (Turkish: Radu Gioan Bey; 1613 – 5 April 1660), was a Prince of Moldavia, and ruler of Wallachia from March 1658 to November 1659. His father was alleged to have been the Voivode Radu Mihnea.

## Family
### Ancestry claims

Radu's ancestry is uncertain. In his day, Radu claimed to be the son of Radu Mihnea, but other versions of his history give different accounts of his ancestry, such as claiming his true father was Radu Șerban or Mircea Ciobanu. Pârvu Cantacuzino claims that "Mihnea was originally a Greek money-lender. His father was called Iane the Deaf (Rom. “Surdul”), and he himself was baptized Franți. Thus, showing from a young age a propensity to follow Ishmael, Hagar's son, he ran away from his parents, went to Țarigrad, and bowed in allegiance to Kinan-pașa, telling him that he was the son of Radu-voivode and the grandson of Mihnea-voivode. And thus he spent his life with the Turks, around 40 years".
However, the lack of contemporary evidence makes it hard to pinpoint his true ancestry.

### Descendants

He had one son, Martin, who served as a general in the army of George Ducas.

## Biography
### Early life

According to a Turkish traveller, Mihnea was raised in the Greek community of Istanbul. He was a good friend of Grand Vizier Kenan Pasha and his wife, and his status was reportedly comparable to that of an adopted son.

### Rise to power

In July 1653, Mihnea was probably behind an assassination attempt on Matei Basarab's life.
On 29 January 1658, Mihnea swore allegiance to Ottoman Sultan Mehmed IV.
A little over a month later, Ottoman troops invaded Wallachia and overthrew then-voivode Constantin Șerban, installing the more compliant Radu in his place on 5 March 1658.

### Death

Mihnea most likely died on April 5, 1660, the day after attending a banquet in Sătmar hosted by Constantin Șerban.
# Lethal Lesbian

Lethal Lesbian (Hebrew: לסבית קטלנית) is Israel's only lesbian film festival. The festival has been held annually since 2008, and screens independent short, documentary and feature films from Israel and abroad.

## The festival

Lethal Lesbian was co-founded by LGBT activists Anat Nir and Dana Ziv, who organize and produce the festival with feminist Lior Elefant, its artistic director. The event began as screenings of lesbian-themed independent films, organized by friends of Ziv and Nir. The evenings were so successful, that the need for a festival in this niche seemed clear to the two founders.
The goal of Lethal Lesbian is to promote lesbian filmmaking of all types. It screens short and full-length films of all genres, and in some years, produces a concurrent exhibition of women's art. Though occasionally films by straight women (and one man) have been included in the festival line-up, the majority are by lesbian and bisexual women.
Every year Lethal Lesbian has a theme, and a short promotional movie is produced. These promos have become very popular online. In its first years, the festival took place in various venues, though in recent years, as it has grown to sold-out crowds, the Tel Aviv Cinematheque has become its home.
In 2018, as Lethal Lesbian celebrated a decade of queer women's film, the mainstream press lauded its staying power "in a landscape in which cultural events have trouble maintaining stability over time". The festival is one of only few events aimed specifically at women in the LGBT community, and has provided a supportive venue for the works of lesbian filmmakers.
# Queensland C18 class locomotive

The Queensland Railways C18 class locomotive was a class of 4-8-0 steam locomotives operated by the Queensland Railways.

## History

In 1914, the Queensland Railways built three locomotives at North Ipswich Railway Workshops. Per Queensland Railway's classification system they were designated the C18 class, C representing they had four driving axles, and the 18 the cylinder diameter in inches.
The class was built to test the merits of superheaters. They were fitted with a saturated boiler (692), Schmidt superheater (693) and Robinson superheater (694). Judged a success, 692 was fitted with a Robinson superheater in December 1916. Further examples were planned with the completion of the North Coast line, but the C19 class were ordered instead.
They originally operated the Sydney Mail from Brisbane to Toowoomba, being extended to Wallangarra in April 1915. From 1918 the operated to Bundaberg and Roma from 1928.
In March 1915, 693 was named Sir William MacGregor and 694 Lady MacGregor after the Governor of Queensland and his wife. All were converted to CC19 class with fitting of 19 inch cylinders in the 1930s.
# The Giant Heart

The Giant Heart exhibit, originally called the "Engine of Life" exhibit, is one of the most popular and notable exhibits at the Franklin Institute. Built in 1953, the exhibit is roughly two stories tall and 35-feet in diameter. A walk-through exhibit, visitors can explore the different areas of the heart.
Visiting The Giant Heart has become a tradition or "right of passage" for many school-aged children, particularly on field trips, in the Philadelphia-area.

## History

The original idea for the walk-through heart exhibit came from Dr. Mildred Pfeiffer, a physician and Director of Cardiovascular Diseases at the Pennsylvania Department of Health who would travel giving lectures about the heart and heart health; she proposed the idea of the heart in an effort to have a centralized resource that people could visit and learn of the heart. The original materials used to construct the heart were papier-mâché, chicken wire and lumber.
The Giant Heart was supposed to have only been on display for six months. It was the idea of physician Mildred Pfeiffer, who designed The Giant Heart with a medical illustrator and engineer. It was originally made out of wood, chicken wire and papier-mâché. However, The Giant Heart became a popular attraction and the Franklin Institute opted to keep it. More than 70 years later, it remains one of the most visited exhibits at The Franklin Institute.

## Features

The Giant Heart is 100 times larger than the average human heart. As visitors walk-through The Giant Heart there is signage pointing out which part of the "heart" they are walking past.
The deeper visitors walk deeper into the heart, the sound of a heartbeat gets louder and louder. The sound of the heartbeat was originally computer generated, but as part of the 2019 renovations, it was replaced by the sound of a real human heartbeat.
Stephanie Farr writing in The Philadelphia Inquirer said that The Giant Heart has a "universally recognized-but-hard-to-define odor."
Located next to The Giant Heart is the Bio-science exhibit, which aims to teaching and sparking interest among visitors in the science of the human body.

## Renovation

In 1979, The Giant Heart was rebuilt with fiberglass. The Giant Heart was remodeled and updated in 2004 and 2019.
# Lake Burdur

Lake Burdur (Turkish: Burdur Gölü) is a large saline lake of tectonic origin, positioned at the frontier between Burdur and Isparta provinces in southwestern Turkey. It has an area of 250 km$^2$ and a maximum depth variously reported at between 50 and 110 m. The water level in the lake fluctuates. Lake Burdur is also an important wetland site for many bird species and is designated a Ramsar site.
Lake Burdur is among the largest and deepest lakes in Turkey, located in the Turkish Lakes Region in south-western Anatolia (37°43′351′′ N, 30°10′878′′ E), within a closed basin. The catchment area is 6150 km$^2$. The average depth is 40 m and the maximum depth is 68 m. The maximum surface area is 140 km$^2$ at an elevation of 854 m. It is salty and highly alkaline (pH 9.5) and it never freezes.
Lake Burdur is one of the deepest lakes in Turkey. Aquatic plants are not observed in the lake because of the amount of sodium sulphate and chlorine content. Since the lake does not freeze in winter, it serves as a winter refuge for the birds. The ecosystem of the lake is threatened by the presence of an industrial complex and an airport close to the northern shore. The decrease in water levels (because of construction of upstream dams and unknown causes), the increase of sedimentation (from catchment erosion), organic pollution (from food processing and Burdur City raw sewage waste), and inorganic effluent (from a sulphur mine) represent long-term threats to the integrity of the lake. The water level has decreased from 1975 to 2002 due to the construction of dams and ponds in the catchment basin, resulting in the loss of 27% of the lake area during the period of 27 years. Nowadays, the estimated lake area ranges between 140 km$^2$ and 153 km$^2$.
Lake Burdur has great ornithological importance, harbouring numerous wintering bird species. It is the most important wintering site in the world for the white-headed duck, a globally threatened species. It has also served as a habitat for 10 other internationally important waterfowl species. Lake Burdur has been a Ramsar Site since 1993 and a Wildlife Reserve since 1994. Aphanius anatoliae sureyanus (the only fish species) and A. burduricus are endemic species of the lake.
The formation of the lake began 5 million years ago as a tectonic depression (The burdur area is in a first grade earthquake zone). It is known that the lake maintained its fresh water character for a long period of time. The altitude in the Plio-Pleistocene period was 100 m higher, so the lake extended in a NE–SW direction. In the late Pleistocene period, salinization and shrinking of the lake began, which is a process in progress today. Since 1975, an altitude change of -10 m and a 27% volume loss have been recorded. The main causes of these figures are dams and ponds built on the lake's main sources, such as the Bozcay stream; the severe drought between 1988 and 1995; and, most notably, the extensive use of aquifers by local farmers.
# Levy Bereg

Levy Bereg (Russian: Левый Берег) is a rural locality (a selo) in Chernigovsky Selsoviet of Arkharinsky District, Amur Oblast, Russia. The population was 1 as of 2018. There is 1 street.

## Geography

Levy Bereg is located on the left bank of the Bureya River, 59 km north of Arkhara (the district's administrative centre) by road. Novobureysky is the nearest rural locality.
# The Road to Mecca (play)

The Road to Mecca is a play by South African playwright Athol Fugard. It was inspired by the story of Helen Martins, who lived in Nieu-Bethesda, Eastern Cape, South Africa and created The Owl House, which is now a National heritage site.

## Synopsis

Miss Helen, a senior South African widow, has been working on an overgrown sculpture garden, which is a dream trip to "Mecca". Pastor Marius urges Helen to move to a senior home. However, Elsa, a Cape Town schoolteacher, arrives to encourage Helen in her art.

## Productions

The Road to Mecca was presented at the Yale Repertory Theatre, New Haven, Connecticut, in May 1984. Directed by Fugard, the cast starred Carmen Mathews (Helen), Marianne Owen (Elsa), and Tom Aldredge (Marius).
The play was performed at the National Theatre Littleton Theatre in London in February to July 1985. It was then presented at the Spoleto Festival USA in May 1987, starring Athol Fugard as the Rev. Marius Byleveld, Charlotte Cornwell as Elsa Barlow, and Yvonne Bryceland as Miss Helen. Cornwell and Bryceland were also in the National Theatre production.
Fugard had written the part of Helen for Yvonne Bryceland. When he and the Lincoln Center Theater Company were in talks in 1985 to have the play produced there, Bryceland was not permitted to perform the role in the United States by Actors Equity. The issue began in early 1984, when Fugard and Lloyd Richards, the artistic director of the Yale Repertory Theater, asked for permission for her to perform in the Yale Rep production; the request was denied. She was subsequently allowed to perform at the Spoletto Festival. The union finally permitted Bryceland to perform in the United States.
The play premiered Off-Broadway at the Promenade Theatre on 12 April 1988 and closed on 11 September 1988 after 172 performances. Directed by Fugard, he also starred as Marius Byleveld; the cast featured Yvonne Bryceland as Miss Helen and Amy Irving as Elsa Barlow. John Lee Beatty was the Set Designer, Susan Hilferty, Costume Designer and Dennis Parichy, Lighting Designer. The play won the 1988 New York Drama Critics' Circle Award for Best Foreign Play and the 1987-1988 Obie Awards for Outstanding Performances, Yvonne Bryceland.

### 2011 Broadway production

The Road to Mecca premiered on Broadway at Roundabout Theatre Company's American Airlines Theatre on 16 December 2011 (in previews) and closed on 4 March 2012. The cast starred Rosemary Harris (Miss Helen), Jim Dale (Pastor Marius Byleveld) and Carla Gugino (Elsa), directed by Gordon Edelstein.

## 1991 film adaptation

The 1991 film adaptation of The Road to Mecca, written by Peter Goldsmid, who also co-directed it with Fugard, starred Fugard as the Rev. Marius Byleveld, Kathy Bates as Elsa Barlow, and Yvonne Bryceland as Miss Helen.
# Khatian Road railway station

Khatian Road Railway Station (Urdu: کاڑیاں روڈ ریلوے اسٹیشن, Sindhi: کٽياڻ روڊ ريلوي اسٽيشن) is located on Khatian Road Hyderabad district of Sindh province of the Pakistan.
# Rahuja railway station

Rahuja railway station (Urdu: راہوجہ ریلوے اسٹیشن) is located in Pakistan.
# VU-0152099

VU-0152099 is a positive allosteric modulator of the M4 receptor used in scientific research.

## Mechanism of action

VU-0152099 is a positive allosteric modulator acting at M4 receptors, it lacks agonist activity, which means it cannot activate the receptor on its own, but can potentiate the activity of M4 receptor agonists such as acetylcholine.

## Potential use

In rats, VU-0152099 is able to decrease self-administration of cocaine and reverse hyperlocomotion induced by amphetamine.
These tests show that VU-0152099 could potentially be developed as a treatment for addiction to stimulants.
# Sape Strait

The Sape Strait (Indonesian: Selat Sape) or Sapie Strait is a strait connecting the Flores Sea to the Sumba Strait. It separates the islands of Sumbawa and Komodo. It joins the Indonesian provinces of West Nusa Tenggara and East Nusa Tenggara.
The Sape Strait is known for rough seas, shoals and strong currents, as well as spectacular marine life. The waters of the strait are enjoying growing popularity among diving enthusiasts.
Part of the Sape water area is included in the Komodo National Park, a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
The volcanic islands in the Strait include:
* Sangeang, Banta Island, Matagate Island (administratively part of Sumbawa Regency)
* Komodo Island, Rinca Island (administratively part of East Flores Regency)
# Benedict of Porto e Santa Rufina (died 1216)

Benedict (Italian: Benedetto, Latin: Benedictus; died 1216) was a Roman Catholic cardinal who served as the apostolic legate to the Latin Empire from 1205 until 1207.
Benedict became the cardinal deacon of Santa Maria in Domnica in 1200. He subscribed his first papal bull as a witness on 11 November 1200. In 1201, he was promoted to cardinal priest of Santa Susanna. He first subscribed a bull with his new title on 23 November 1201.
In 1205, Pope Innocent III named him his legate to the Emperor Baldwin I of Constantinople, who died in April. He arrived in Constantinople late in 1205 or early in 1206 and replaced the legate Peter of Capua. Accompanying him was the bilingual south Italian monk Nicholas of Otranto as a translator. He was charged with making sure that the Venetian-born Latin patriarch, Thomas Morosini, did not overly favour Venetians with benefices. He mediated the agreement between Thomas and Henry of Flanders that led to Henry's coronation as emperor in August 1206. Benedict tried to retain in the east the army that had come on the Fourth Crusade to defend the nascent Latin Empire. He granted the monastery of Hosios Loukas and the church of Hagios Demetrios to the canons of the Holy Sepulchre, not without controversy. He also sought to end the Great Schism of 1054 by bringing the Greek church into union with Rome. He held talks with Greek prelates in Thessaloniki and Constantinople. Although Benedict did not interfere with Byzantine rites and showed tolerance to the Greek church, reunion was not forthcoming.
Benedict returned to Italy in September 1207. His last papal bull as a cardinal priest is dated 20 April 1212. Later that year or in 1213, he was promoted cardinal bishop of Porto e Santa Rufina. He subscribed bulls as a cardinal bishop between 26 October 1213 and 7 March 1216. He took part in the papal election of 18 July 1216. He died shortly after at Rome.
# Coelius Sedulius

Sedulius (sometimes with the nomen Coelius or Caelius, both of doubtful authenticity) was a Christian poet in Hiberno-Latin during the first half of the 5th century.

## Biography

Extremely little is known about his life. "Sedulius" is the Latin form of the Irish name "Siadhal". The only trustworthy information, contained in his two letters to Macedonius, recounts that he devoted his early life, perhaps as a teacher of rhetoric, to secular literature. Late in life he converted to Christianity, or, if a Christian before, began to take his faith more seriously. One medieval commentary states that he resided in Italy. Isidore of Seville (c. 560 – 636) and the Gelasian decree refer to him as a presbyter.

## Works

His fame rests mainly upon a long poem, Carmen paschale, based on the four gospels. In style a bombastic imitator of Virgil, he shows, nevertheless, a certain freedom in the handling of the Biblical story, and the poem soon became a quarry for the minor poets. His description of the Four Evangelists in Carmen Paschale became well-known; the English translation below is from Springer (2013, p. 21).
His other writings include an Abecedarian hymn in honour of Christ, A solis ortus cardine, consisting of twenty-three quatrains of iambic dimeters. This poem has partly passed into the Roman Rite liturgy, the first seven quatrains forming the Christmas carol "A solis ortus cardine", which has been translated into vernacular languages by, among many others, Martin Luther and Allan MacDonald. The Epiphany hymn, "Hostis Herodes impie"and "Veteris et novi Testamenti collatio" in elegiac couplets have also come down.

## Editions

* Faustino Arévalo (Rome, 1794), reprinted in Jacques Paul Migne's Patrologia Latina vol. xix.
* Johann Huemer (Vienna, 1885).
* Victoria Panagl (Bearb.), Sedulius, Opera Omnia, Ex Recensione Iohannis Huemer (Corpus Scriptorum Ecclesiasticorum Latinorum, 10), Wien, 2007, XLVII, 532 S.
* Springer, Carl P. (2013), Sedulius, The Paschal Song and Hymns, Ancient Israel and Its Literature, vol. 35, SBL Press, ISBN 978-1589837447
# Ranewal

Ranewal, also known as Ranewal Syedan (Urdu: رانیوال سیداں), is a family village in the west of Jalalpur Jattan and near the University of Gujrat main campus in the Gujrat District of Punjab, Pakistan. The village is named after the family who lived there, believed to be Sayyid. It has an altitude of 234 metres.