OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# National Southwestern Associated University

The National Southwestern Associated University was a national public university from 1938 to 1946 based in Kunming, Yunnan, China. It was formed by the wartime incorporation of National Peking University, National Tsinghua University, and National Nankai University.
When the Second Sino-Japanese War broke out between China and Japan in 1937, Peking University, Tsinghua University and Nankai University merged to form Changsha Temporary University in Changsha and later National Southwestern Associated University in Kunming and Mengzi, in Southwest China's Yunnan Province. After the war, the universities moved back and resumed their operation. What was left behind in Kunming became the National Kunming Normal University which later emerged as the Yunnan Normal University.

## History

By summer 1937, the Imperial Japanese Army had bombed Nankai University to the ground in Tianjin and occupied areas including the campuses of two of the country's leading universities in Beijing: Peking University and Tsinghua University. These three universities, which were some of the country's most prestigious, modern institutions of higher learning and research, with the agreement of those who led the institutions — men of high standing who had been educated abroad — retreated to Changsha, the capital city of Hunan province (about 900 miles away from Beijing) to unite. By the middle of December 1937, many students had to leave to fight the Japanese when the city of Nanjing fell to enemy forces.
As the Japanese forces were gaining more territory, they bombed Changsha in February 1938. The 800 staff faculty and students who were left had to flee and made the 1,000 mile journey to Kunming, capital of Yunnan province in China's remote and mountainous southwest. It was here that the National Southwestern Associated University (commonly known as 'Lianda') was formed. In these extraordinary wartime circumstances for eight years, staff, professors and students had to survive and operate in makeshift quarters that were subjected to sporadic bombing campaigns by the Imperial Japanese forces. There were dire shortages of food, equipment, books, clothing and other essential needs, but they managed to conduct the running of a modern university. Over those years of war (1937-1945), Lianda became famous nationwide for having and producing many of China's most prominent scientists and intellectuals, including the Nobel Prize laureates Yang Chen-Ning and Tsung-Dao Lee.

### Aftermath

When the war ended with victory over the Japanese, the Lianda community, which had entered the war fiercely loyal to the government of Chiang Kai-shek, emerged in 1946 as a bastion of criticism of China’s ruling Kuomintang party. Within three years, the majority of the Lianda community had returned to their north China campuses in Beijing and Tianjin.
# 1961 Rwandan monarchy referendum

A referendum on the monarchy was held in Rwanda on 25 September 1961, concurrent with parliamentary elections. The referendum asked two questions: whether the monarchy should be retained after independence the following year, and whether the incumbent, Kigeli V, should remain King.
The result was a "no" to both questions from 80% of voters, with a 95% turnout. King Kigeli claimed the vote had been rigged.

## Results
### Question one

   Should the Monarchy in Rwanda be preserved?
| Choice | Votes | % |
| For | 253,963 | 20.15 |
| Against | 1,006,339 | 79.85 |
| Invalid/blank votes | 14,329 | – |
| Total | 1,274,631 | 100 |
| Registered voters/turnout | 1,337,342 | 95.31 |
| Source: African Elections Database |||

### Question two

   Should Kigeli V remain King of Rwanda?
| Choice | Votes | % |
| For | 257,510 | 20.40 |
| Against | 1,004,655 | 79.60 |
| Invalid/blank votes | 11,526 | – |
| Total | 1,273,691 | 100 |
| Registered voters/turnout | 1,337,342 | 95.24 |
| Source: African Elections Database |||
# Frankfurter Kreuz

The Frankfurter Kreuz (Frankfurt Junction) is an Autobahn interchange in Frankfurt am Main, Germany, where the autobahns A3 and A5 meet. The interchange was originally to be built from 1931 to 1933, but due to World War II construction was not finished until 1957. It underwent massive remodeling in the 1990s, as it had been frequently overloaded due to excess traffic. Today, both autobahns have ten lanes.

## Overview

Two tunnels of the Cologne–Frankfurt high-speed rail line have been put below the Kreuz. The Kreuz is situated at the northeastern corner of Frankfurt Airport.
Along with the airport and the airport's long-distance railway station, the Frankfurter Kreuz is commonly seen as a symbol of Frankfurt's good connections to the world.
With approximately 320,000 cars daily, it is the most heavily used interchange in the European Union.

## Images

* Frankfurter Kreuz intersection between autobahn A3 and A5 seen from a Lufthansa B737
* Aerial view, A3 vertically, A5 horizontally
* A5 vertically, A3 horizontally
# Gonepteryx

Gonepteryx is a genus of butterflies in the family Pieridae; there are about 15 species of Gonepteryx. They live in Europe, Asia, and Northern Africa. They are commonly known as brimstones for the bright yellow colour of the wings of most species. These share the same name as the much larger tropical genus Anteos. These inhabit much of central and South America and also North America. This species are known for being the kings of butterfly longevity. 10–13 months is the lifespan for many temperate species. Anteos, however, is much shorter lived. The adults will often mimic ivy leaves at rest. Male brimstone butterflies can withstand cooler temperatures and are able to fly after just 4 months in hibernation. Female brimstone butterflies need warmer climates to survive, and therefore are in hibernation longer. The male butterflies have a longer life span as they are more resilient to a wider range of temperatures, unlike the female.

## Species

It contains the following species:
* Gonepteryx acuminata (C. & R. Felder, 1862)
* Gonepteryx aspasia (Ménétriès, 1859)
* Gonepteryx amintha (Blanchard, 1871)
* Gonepteryx burmensis (Tytler 1926)
* Gonepteryx chitralensis (Moore, 1905)
* Gonepteryx cleobule (Hübner, 1824) – Canary brimstone
* Gonepteryx cleopatra (Linnaeus, 1767) – Cleopatra
* Gonepteryx eversi (Rehnelt, 1974
* Gonepteryx farinosa (Zeller, 1847) – powdered brimstone
* Gonepteryx maderensis (Felder, 1862) – Madeira brimstone
* Gonepteryx mahaguru (Gistel, 1857) – lesser brimstone
* Gonepteryx maxima (Butler, 1885)
* Gonepteryx nepalensis (Doubleday, 1847)
* Gonepteryx palmae (Stamm 1963) – La Palma brimstone
* Gonepteryx rhamni (Linnaeus, 1758) – common brimstone
* Gonepteryx taiwana (Paravicini 1913)
# Foxcon Aviation

Foxcon Aviation & Research Pty Ltd, (usually just Foxcon Aviation) is an Australian aircraft manufacturer based in Mackay, Queensland that was founded in 1995. The company specializes in the design and manufacture of light aircraft in the form of kits for amateur construction and ready-to-fly aircraft.
The company was formed "to manufacture extremely competitive high performance light aircraft at an affordable price." Working in composite materials, the company has expanded its space over the years and added a climate-controlled vacuum bag molding capability, plus sandwich construction molding jigs.
Although the Foxcon Terrier 100 was at one time produced, the company's sole current product is the Foxcon Terrier 200, powered by a Subaru EA81 automotive conversion engine or Rotax 912ULS aircraft engine, although a four-seat Foxcon Terrier 400 is under development.
# Giordano Riccati

Giordano Riccati or Jordan Riccati (25 February, 1709 – 20 July, 1790) was an Italian mathematician and physicist.

## Biography

Giordano Riccati was born in 1709 in Castelfranco Veneto, a small town about 30 km north of Padua. He was the brother of Vincenzo Riccati and the fifth son of the theoretical mechanician Jacopo Riccati. He began his studies at the College of St. Francis Xavier in Bologna, under the guidance of Francesco Saverio Quadrio and Luigi Marchenti, a pupil of the French mathematician Pierre Varignon. In 1727, he returned to Castelfranco, where his father taught him geometry, trigonometry, calculus, statics and dynamics. He then moved to the University of Padua and attended Giovanni Poleni's lessons on hydraulics as well as the lectures of the famous physician and naturalist Antonio Vallisneri. He studied literature, philosophy, theology, architecture, acoustics and music theory. He made significant contributions in the field of physics and mathematics applied to music, publishing the Saggio sulle leggi del contrappunto [Essay on the laws of counterpoint], which tried to prove that music is not just an art, but it is a science as well, a Trattato delle corde, ovvero delle Fibre Elastiche [Treaty on chords; on elastic fibers], and some studies on the works of Tartini and Rameau. Giordano helped with the improvements to the Cathedral of Treviso. He died Treviso on July 20, 1790.
Riccati was a member of the Accademia Galileiana of Padua, of the Academy of Sciences of the Institute of Bologna and of the Italian National Academy of Sciences.

## Contributions

Riccati was the first experimental mechanician to study material elastic moduli as we understand them today. His 1782 paper on determining the relative Young's moduli of steel and brass using flexural vibrations preceded Thomas Young's 1807 paper on the subject of moduli. The ratio that Riccati found was:
    ${\frac {E_{\mbox{steel}}}{E_{\mbox{brass}}}}=2.06$
Even though the experiments were performed more than 200 years ago, this value is remarkably close to accepted values found in engineering handbooks in 2007.
# Lübbenau Speedway

Lübbenau Speedway is a German motorcycle speedway club called MSC Jugend Lübbenau and a speedway track known as the Glück Auf Speedwaystadion, which is located approximately 8 kilometres west of Lübbenau, off the L526 (51°51′26″N 13°51′49″E﻿ / ﻿51.85722°N 13.86361°E﻿ / 51.85722; 13.86361).

## History

The team called MSC Jugend Lübbenau participated in the East German Team Championship from 1977 to 1990. They won the silver medal in the 1980 Championship and won two bronze medals in 1977 and 1982 respectively. They were known as BKW Jugend Lübbenau at the time, carrying the local powerplant name for advertising purposes.
On 26 June 1988, the 330 metres track record was broken by Toni Kasper who recorded 62.5 sec.
# Nameless, Texas

Nameless is a populated place in Travis County, Texas, United States, with a small portion extending into Williamson County. The community is also referred to as Cross Creek and Fairview. Nameless is approximately 21 miles northwest of downtown Austin, and is a part of the Austin-Round Rock metropolitan area. It contains the Cherry Hollow Subdivision and a large portion of Nameless Road, which extends into both Jonestown and Leander.

## History

A post office was established at Nameless in 1880, and remained in operation until it was discontinued in 1890. The locals ended up with the name "Nameless" after several applications containing other names were turned down by the post office.
Nameless was first populated by Scotch-Irish settlers. When the township was being organized townspeople attempted to submit names, one of which was Fairview, to the post office for recognition as a town, which was customary in those days. The post office repeatedly denied the various names because other towns already had claimed them. In a fitting rebut the citizens replied in disgust, "Let the post office be nameless and be damned!" Thus the town of Nameless was born.
The town eventually became a part of the city of Leander, and the Nameless (Fairview) school closed in 1945. The school was restored in 2008-2009, and it and the Nameless Cemetery are all that is left of the Nameless Community.
# 1971 Virginia Slims Invitational of New York

The 1971 Virginia Slims Invitational of New York was a women's tennis tournament that took place at the 34th Street Armory in New York in the United States. It was part of the 1971 Virginia Slims Circuit and was held from March 24 through March 27, 1971. Second-seeded Rosie Casals won the tournament and earned $5,000 first-prize money.

## Finals
### Singles

Rosie Casals defeated Billie Jean King 6–4, 6–4

## Prize money

| Event | W | F | 3rd | 4th | QF | Round of 16 |
| Singles | $5,000 | $3,000 | $1,300 | $1,200 | $600 | $300 |
# Nanorana maculosa

Nanorana maculosa (common names: spotted paa frog, Piebald spiny frog) is a species of frog in the family Dicroglossidae. It is endemic to central Yunnan, China, where it occurs in Jingdong County and Shuangbai County. This rare frog inhabits forest streams. It is threatened primarily by collection for human consumption. It is currently protected by the Ailaoshan and Wuliangshan National Nature Reserves.
Nanorana maculosa are relatively large frogs: males grow to a snout–vent length of about 86 mm (3.4 in) and females to 83 mm (3.3 in). Tadpoles are up to 46 mm (1.8 in) in length.
# Nanorana minica

Nanorana minica (common names: Nepal paa frog, tiny frog, small paa frog) is a species of frog in the family Dicroglossidae. It is found in northern India (Uttar Pradesh and Himachal Pradesh) and in western and eastern Nepal. It is a fairly common species found in subtropical montane forest and streams. It is threatened by habitat loss through the localized clearance of forest. Tadpoles of this N. minica has been reported to overwinter in the streams. Stream flow management and subsequent habitat modification by check dams is one of the threats the species is facing and check dams have been found to influence the overwintering tadpoles' behavior, habitat use patterns and morphometric traits.
# Nandi Awards of 2006

The Nandi Awards are presented annually in Andhra Pradesh, For Telugu cinema by State government. "Nandi" means "bull", the awards being named after the big granite bull at Lepakshi — a cultural and historical symbol of Andhra Pradesh. Nandi Awards are presented in four categories: Gold, Silver, Bronze, and Copper.
The Nandi awards for the year 2006 were announced on 12 February 2008 at Hyderabad.

## Nandi Awards 2006 Winners List

| Category | Winner | Film |
| Best Feature Film | Bommarillu | Bommarillu |
| Second Best Feature Film | Godavari | Godavari |
| Third Best Feature Film | Ganga | Ganga |
| Nandi Award for Akkineni Award for best home-viewing feature film | Sri Ramadasu | Sri Ramadasu |
| Best Popular Film for Providing Wholesome Entertainment | Pokiri | Pokiri |
| Best Actor | Nagarjuna | Sri Ramadasu |
| Best Actress | Nandita Das | Kamli |
| Best Supporting Actor | Prakash Raj | Bommarillu |
| Best Supporting Actress | Eeswari | Ganga |
| Best Villain | Sai Kumar | Samanyudu |
| Best Male Comedian | Venu Madhav | Lakshmi |
| Best Female Comedian | Abhinayasri | Paisalo Paramathma |
| Best Child Actor | Master Raghava | Style |
| Best Child Actress | Divyasri | Bharathi |
| Best Character Actor | Kota Srinivasa Rao | Pellaina Kothalo |
| Special Jury Award (Best Actress ) | Genelia | Bommarillu |
| Special Jury Award (Best Message Film ) | Stalin | Stalin |
| Special Jury Award (Best Director ) | Gangaraju Gunnam | Amma Cheppindi |
| Best Children's Film | Bharathi | Bharathi |
| Second Best Children's Film | Kittu | Kittu |
| Best Director for a Children's Film | RS Raju | Bharathi |
| Best Director | Sekhar Kammula | Godvari |
| Best First Film of a Director | Bhaskar | Bommarillu |
| Best Screenplay Writer | Bhaskar | Bommarillu |
| Best Story Writer | Ravi C KUmar | Samanyudu |
| Best Dialogue Writer | Abburi Ravi | Bommarillu |
| Best Lyricist | Andesri | Ganga |
| Best Cinematographer | Vijay C. Kumar | Godavari |
| Best Music Director | K. M. Radha Krishnan | Godavari |
| Best Male Playback Singer | Jesudas | Ganga |
| Best Female Playback Singer | Sunitha | Godavari |
| Best Editor | Marthand K. Venkatesh | Pokiri |
| Best Art Director | Ashok | Pournami |
| Best Choreographer | Raghava Lawrence | Style |
| Best Audiographer | Radhakrishna | Pokiri |
| Best Costume Designer | Basha | Sri Ramadasu |
| Best Fight Master | Vijayan | Pokiri |
| Best Film Critic on Telugu Cinema | Challa Srinivas | |
| Best Male Dubbing Artist | Ravi shanker | |
| Best Female Dubbing Artist | Savitha Reddy | Bommarillu |
| Best Special Effects | Nipuna Spirit | Sainikudu |
# Lyriothemis

Lyriothemis is a genus of dragonfly in the family Libellulidae and belong to the suborder Anisoptera, found in eastern Asia. Some members of this genus lay their eggs in water-filled crevices and holes in trees and fallen logs.

## Species

The genus contains the following species:
| Scientific name | Distribution |
| Lyriothemis acigastra (Selys, 1878) | Burma, China and Tibet |
| Lyriothemis biappendiculata (Selys, 1878) | Peninsular Malaysia |
| Lyriothemis bivittata (Rambur, 1842) | India, Bhutan, Bangladesh |
| Lyriothemis cleis Brauer, 1868 | Bangladesh; Brunei; India; Indonesia; Malaysia (Peninsular Malaysia, Sabah, Sarawak); Myanmar; Philippines; Singapore; Thailand |
| Lyriothemis defonsekai van der Poorten, 2009 | Sri Lanka |
| Lyriothemis elegantissima Selys, 1883 - Forest Chaser | Thailand, China |
| Lyriothemis eurydice Ris, 1909 | Celebes |
| Lyriothemis hirundo Ris, 1913 | New Guinea |
| Lyriothemis latro Needham & Gyger, 1937 | Philippines |
| Lyriothemis magnificata (Selys, 1878) | Thailand, Borneo |
| Lyriothemis meyeri (Selys, 1878) | New Guinea |
| Lyriothemis mortoni Ris, 1919 | India, Thailand, Myanmar, Vietnam |
| Lyriothemis pachygastra (Selys, 1878) | China, Japan |
| Lyriothemis salva Ris, 1927 | Indonesia. |
| Lyriothemis tricolor Selys, 1919 | Bangladesh, China, India, Japan, Myanmar, and Taiwan. |
# Lyriothemis acigastra

Lyriothemis acigastra or Little Bloodtail is a species of dragonfly in the family of Libellulidae known from India. The International Union for Conservation of Nature also cites very old collections in Burma, China and Tibet.
The genus Lyriothemis is made up of 15 species and is widespread across Asia. Three species in the genus are known from India; L. cleis, L. tricolor and L. acigastra. All three were thought to be restricted to the northeastern states of Assam and West Bengal, but, in 2013, L. acigastra and L. tricolor were recorded in the southern state of Kerala.

## Description

It is a small dragonfly with brown-capped greenish-yellow eyes. Its thorax is blackish brown, marked with yellow. There is a broad oval antehumeral (situated in front of the fore legs) stripe and a short transverse stripe bordering it just below. Laterally there are three stripes. The wings are transparent and palely tinted with yellow at the extreme base. The abdomen in the male is blood-red, tapered from base to end, and marked with black. Segment 1 is black, with its apical border narrowly red. Segment 2 has its base broadly black and apical borderless so. Segments 3 to 8 have the borders narrowly black and the mid-dorsal carina broadly so. This mid-dorsal black stripe dilates at the apical ends of 3 to 6. Segment 9 has only a narrow short red stripe on each side. Segment 10 is entirely black. The anal appendages are black.
The female is similar to the male, except that the abdomen is cylindrical rather than tapered from base to end and is a reddish-yellow color instead of blood red.

## Habitat

Little is known about the species' ecology or habitat, which could be because of its rarity and secretive nature. The specimens reported in 2013 were found in bushes around freshwater marshland and streams. Individuals were generally at their most active in the evening and morning; males rested at around 8 to 10 metres (26 to 33 ft) from the ground, and preyed upon skippers and small moths.
The species closely resembles the Sri Lankan species L. defonsekai, described in 2009.
# Lyriothemis tricolor

Lyriothemis tricolor is a species of dragonfly in the family Libellulidae. It is found in Bangladesh, China, India, Japan, Myanmar, and Taiwan.
In India, Lyriothemis species were thought to be restricted to the northeastern states like Assam and West Bengal; but, in 2013, L. acigastra and L. tricolor were recorded in the southern state of Kerala.

## Description

It is a medium-sized dragonfly with brown-capped greenish-yellow eyes. Its thorax is black on dorsum, yellow on sides. There is a thick black oblique stripe on the posterior half of mesepimeron and postero-lateral suture. Wings are transparent, tinted with amber-yellow at base. Abdomen is blood-red, marked with black. Segment 1 is narrowly bordered with ochreous yellow. Segments 2 and 3 are ochreous laterally. All segments have very narrow black borders. Segments 3 to 9 has a narrow mid-dorsal black stripe, faded in adults. Segment 10 is entirely black. Anal appendages are dark reddish-brown.
Female is similar to the male; but its thorax is coppery-brown and segments 3 to 8 with mid-dorsal carina rather broadly black.
* Male; dorsal view
* Male; side view
* Female

## Habitat

Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests and subtropical or tropical moist montane forests. Unlike other dragonflies and damselflies this species breeds in water collected inside the tree holes of evergreen and semi-evergreen forests. Physicochemical parameters of water collected from the tree holes show that the water is generally acidic with high levels of total dissolved solids, phosphates, sulphates and nitrates. The pH varied from extremely acidic to (pH 3.56) to near neutral (pH 6.48). A diverse community of invertebrates and vertebrates coexist with L. tricolor larvae. It is not known how the different taxa interact in the community. However, the presence of predatory larvae of L. tricolor may significantly influence the community structure of tree holes.
# M. Swift and Sons Company

The M. Swift and Sons Company is a historic industrial complex at 10 and 60 Love Lane in Hartford, Connecticut. Established around 1887, it was the home of one of the nation's most successful manufacturers of gold leaf by the process of goldbeating. The complex, including both industrial and residential components, was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2013.

## Description and history

The former M. Swift and Sons Company plant is located in Hartford's residential North End neighborhood, on a roughly triangular parcel bounded by Love Lane on the west, Garden Street on the east, and Westland Street to the south. The largest structure is the main factory building, a two-story agglomeration of brick and stone structures that are the result of multiple building expansions by the Swift Company. The property also includes two houses, built c. 1887 and 1914, that are historically associated with the factory's owners.
The company was founded in 1887, when Matthew Swift left Hartford's largest goldbeating company, the J.M. Ney Company, to begin his own business on this parcel, which he had purchased for his residence in 1871. Originally working out of a small wood-frame building south of his house, Swift's company grew rapidly, with repeated expansions of infrastructure by the early 19th century. In 1902, the Swift Company was the largest goldbeating company in the state. In the first half of the 20th century it continued to grow, shipping gold leaf to international markets, and innovating in the processes of its manufacture. The company's business eventually succumbed to changing tastes, and it was shuttered in 2005.
# Namgida Band

Namgida Band (Hangul: 남기다밴드) is a South Korean indie folk music group formed in Jeju Island in 2012. The trio is composed of Ryu Jun-young (guitar, lead vocals), Hong Chang-ki (drum, percussion), and Jo Kyung-rae (viola). the local band performs mainly in Jeju Island.
The group made its debut in 2014 with their digital single "Leaving It Behind in the Road" (Korean: 길에 남기다; RR: Gil-e Namgida).

## Members

* Ryu Jun-young (류준영; born June 28, 1989) - guitar, lead vocals
* Hong Chang-ki (홍창기) - drum, percussion
* Jo Kyung-rae (조경래) - viola
# Lytta refulgens

Lytta refulgens is a species of blister beetle in the family Meloidae. It is found in North America.
# Lytta reticulata

Lytta reticulata is a species of blister beetle in the family Meloidae. It is found in North America.