OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# 2006 Horn of Africa food crisis

In 2006, an acute shortage of food affected the countries in the Horn of Africa (Somalia, Djibouti and Ethiopia), as well as northeastern Kenya. The United Nations's Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) estimated on January 6, 2006, that more than 11 million people in these countries may be affected by an impending widespread famine, largely attributed to a severe drought, and exacerbated by military conflicts in the region.

## Causes

Drought is a predictable event in the Horn of Africa, and when combined with other factors it causes conflict and terrible human misery. Previous droughts in 1983–85, 1991–92 and 1998–99 swiftly reversed gradual increase in livestock and caused losses in the cattle population of up to 62%. These conditions of drought, together with other factors including high cereal prices, overpopulation in the region, abandoning traditional rangeland management methods and conflict, are leading to conditions of famine. In the present 2006 drought, claims about factors transforming drought into famine include a ban on livestock imports to markets in the Persian Gulf States, which has reduced the income of livestock-dependent farmers, further increasing food insecurity.
The population in East Africa had increased rapidly in the decades before the food crisis. From 67 million in 1950 to 306 million in 2006.

## Crisis
### Djibouti

Djibouti was a severely drought affected; the FAO estimated that about one third of the population (400 000 people) needed food aid.

### Ethiopia

The FAO estimated that more than one million people in the Somali Region of Ethiopia were facing severe food shortages. Although crops are currently being harvested, shortages are still expected to occur in the country's south-east.

### Kenya

Crop failure, drought and depleted livestock herds led to famine conditions in the Cushitic-inhabited northern and eastern pastoral districts of Mandera, Wajir, and Marsabit. As of January 6, 2006, approximately 30 deaths were reported. Some 2.5 million people (10% of the population) required food aid over the next six months, which led the Kenyan President Mwai Kibaki to declare a national disaster.

### Somalia

Somalia was the least affected out of the four countries. About two million people in the country's southern pastoral regions required humanitarian assistance. The prolonged absence of a strong central government and poor transportation infrastructure also posed problems for the distribution of food aid.

## Relief effort

In February 2006, UNICEF warned that 1.5 million children under the age of five were being threatened by the drought and called for $16 million USD to help fund its relief efforts in the region.
# Hirakawa, Yamaguchi

Hirakawa (平川村, Hirakawa-son) was a village located in Yoshiki District, Yamaguchi Prefecture. The village was named from Hirai's 1st kanji (平井) and Kurokawa's 2nd kanji (黒川).
On April 1, 1944, the village merged with surrounding 9 municipalities to become the city of Yamaguchi and the village dissolved.

## History

* April 1, 1889 - Due to town and village status enforcement, the village was founded within Yoshiki District. At the same time, the villages of Hirai, Kurokawa, and Yoshida merges?
* April 1, 1944 - The village of Hirakawa and the surrounding 9 municipalities (city of Yamaguchi, towns of Ogōri and Ajisu, and the villages of Ōtoshi, Sue, Natajima, Aiofutajima, Kagawa and Sayama) merged to become the new city of Yamaguchi and the village of Hirakawa dissolved.

## Precincts
### Kurokawa

* Fukura

## Current status

The village of Hirakawa became one of the regions of the city of Yamaguchi (Hirakawa). Since the 1970s, more young people, mostly students, live in the Yoshida region because Yamaguchi University (Main Campus) has been relocated to the Yoshida Region.
# Hermetic Journal

The Hermetic Journal was a quarterly journal dedicated to the Hermetic tradition, edited by Adam McLean, and published by Megalithic Research Publications of Edinburgh. The first issue was released in August 1978 and publication continued until 1992.
The Hermetic Journal explored alchemy and hermetic philosophy from various angles and attracted a wide range of contributors. It addressed a readership which had a deep interest in hermeticism and was primarily available only through subscription. Back issues of the Hermetic Journal are still available bound in paperback editions (about 176 pages), each covering a year.

## Influence

The Hermetic Journal had a small circulation of about three to four hundred readers. It built up a network of people interested in furthering the investigation of alchemy and hermetic philosophy. It is one of only a few English periodicals which focused on alchemy and the Hermetic tradition in the late twentieth century. Other periodicals of the time were the academic journals Ambix, and Cauda Pavonis, and publications by the Philosophers of Nature and the Paracelsus Research Society for members of their organizations. The Hermetic Journal distinguished itself by publishing over 1000 high quality articles. Often, these contained scholarly material from renowned authorities – such as Gareth Knight, Stephen Skinner, Ithell Colquhoun, Kenneth Rayner Johnson, R.A. Gilbert, Graham Knight, Hans Nintzel, Joseph Ritman, and Joscelyn Godwin. Uniquely, the Hermetic Journal was open to articles of a speculative nature but always tried to encourage scholarly research into hermetic philosophy.
# Palermo metropolitan railway service

The Palermo metropolitan railway service is a commuter rail system operated by Trenitalia. It serves the city of Palermo in Sicily, Italy.

## Lines

There are two lines:
* Palermo Centrale – Punta Raisi (airport)
* Palermo Notarbartolo – Giachery
Both lines are served by a train every 30 minutes, although on the Palermo Centrale – Punta Raisi line some stops are served by half of the trains.

## History

The first section of the Palermo "metropolitana" was opened in 1990, a month before the beginning of Italia 90, the football World Cup. The line had only six stations: Palermo Centrale, Vespri, Palermo Notarbartolo, Federico, Fiera and Giachery. The line used the tracks of the old Palermo – Trapani railway, running across the city until Notarbartolo station, and from there it followed the branch to the port, along which new stops were built.
This line was also used to reach the Stadio Renzo Barbera (Stadio della Favorita) football stadium.
In November 1993 a new branch was opened, on the tracks of the railway to Trapani, running diesel railcars type ALn 668. The first two stops were San Lorenzo-Colli and Tommaso Natale. In 1994 stops at Francia and Cardillo-Zen were opened.
In 2001 a new tunnel station (Palazzo Reale-Orleans) was opened, serving the city centre. The metropolitan service was extended to Punta Raisi railway station, serving the Falcone Borsellino Airport.

## Projects
### Palermo Centrale – Punta Raisi

Improvements on this line began 22 February 2008.
* A second track is planned for the Palermo-Trapani route, which currently is only a single track between the Orleans and Carini stations. With the new track in place, there will be an increase in the number of trains and a reduction in journey times.
* The work includes removing all level crossings by lowering the track in some sections of the line and the construction of overpasses at other sections, constructing whichever is best at that location.
* Twelve stops will be added with new stations at Ficarazzi, Roccella, Guadagna, Palazzo di Giustizia, Lolli, Lazio-Restivo, Belgio, La Malfa, Sferracavallo, Kennedy, Torre Ciachea and Orsa.
* The line will also be extended to Ficarazzi, with connections through to Messina.

### Palermo Notarbartolo – Giachery

This route was repaired in 1993.
* The line will be completely transformed, forming a complete ring known as the Palermo Rail Ring, extending from Giachery to Notarbartolo with new stops at Porto and Malaspina Politeama-Catania.
* The new route will be underground.
* A new stop will open Lazio Libertà.
* This line will not get a second track.
* Work has stopped temporarily due to an appeal made by the firm that came in second when the contract was awarded.
# Pancreatic notch

The pancreatic notch is a separation between the neck of pancreas and the uncinate process of pancreas.
# 2015 BRD Bucharest Open

The 2015 BRD Bucharest Open was a professional tennis tournament played on red clay courts. It was the 2nd edition of the tournament and part of the 2015 WTA Tour. It took place at Arenele BNR in Bucharest, Romania between 13 and 19 July 2015.

## Points and prize money
### Point distribution

| Event | W | F | SF | QF | Round of 16 | Round of 32 | Q | Q3 | Q2 | Q1 |
| Singles | 280 | 180 | 110 | 60 | 30 | 1 | 18 | 14 | 10 | 1 |
| Doubles | 280 | 180 | 110 | 60 | 1 | — | — | — | — | — |

### Prize money

| Event | W | F | SF | QF | Round of 16 | Round of 32 | Q2 | Q1 |
| Singles | $43,000 | $21,400 | $11,300 | $5,900 | $3,310 | $1,925 | $730 | $530 |
| Doubles | $12,300 | $6,400 | $3,435 | $1,820 | $960 | — | — | — |

## Singles main-draw entrants
### Seeds

| Country | Player | Rank$^1$ | Seed |
| ITA | Sara Errani | 19 | 1 |
| ITA | Roberta Vinci | 35 | 2 |
| ROU | Monica Niculescu | 48 | 3 |
| GER | Julia Görges | 56 | 4 |
| ROU | Alexandra Dulgheru | 60 | 5 |
| CZE | Tereza Smitková | 62 | 6 |
| SVK | Anna Karolína Schmiedlová | 63 | 7 |
| GER | Annika Beck | 70 | 8 |
* $^1$ Rankings as of June 29, 2015.

### Other entrants

The following players received wildcards into the main draw:
* Ana Bogdan
* Sorana Cîrstea
* Patricia Maria Țig
The following players received entry from the qualifying draw:
* Cristina Dinu
* Réka-Luca Jani
* Darya Kasatkina
* Petra Martić

### Withdrawals
#### Before the tournament

* Karin Knapp →replaced by Shuai Zhang
* Ana Konjuh →replaced by Anna Tatishvili
* Magda Linette →replaced by Shahar Pe'er
* Pauline Parmentier →replaced by Çağla Büyükakçay

### Retirements

* Alexandra Dulgheru (right knee injury)
* Sílvia Soler Espinosa (right shoulder injury)

## WTA doubles main-draw entrants
### Seeds

| Country | Player | Country | Player | Rank$^1$ | Seed |
| SLO | Andreja Klepač | SRB | Aleksandra Krunić | 136 | 1 |
| GER | Julia Görges | CRO | Petra Martić | 139 | 2 |
| ROU | Raluca Olaru | USA | Anna Tatishvili | 150 | 3 |
| GEO | Oksana Kalashnikova | NED | Demi Schuurs | 186 | 4 |
* $^1$ Rankings as of June 29, 2015.

### Other entrants

The following pairs received wildcards into the main draw:
* Jaqueline Cristian / Elena Ruse
* Andreea Mitu / Patricia Maria Țig
The following pair received entry as alternates:
* Cristina Dinu / Camelia Hristea

### Withdrawals
#### Before the tournament

* Shahar Pe'er (right shoulder injury)

## Champions
### Singles

* Anna Karolína Schmiedlová def. Sara Errani, 7–6$^{(7–3)}$, 6–3

### Doubles

* Oksana Kalashnikova / Demi Schuurs def. Andreea Mitu / Patricia Maria Țig, 6–2, 6–2
# 2000 World Mountain Running Trophy

The 2000 World Mountain Running Championships was the 16th edition of the global mountain running competition, World Mountain Running Championships, organised by the World Mountain Running Association.

## Men Senior
### Individual

| Rank | Runner | Country | Time |
| | Jonathan Wyatt | New Zealand | 47'29" |
| | Hans Kogler | Austria | 49'48" |
| | Alexis Gex-Fabry | Switzerland | 50'16" |
| 4 | Thomas Gregor | Germany | 50'31" |
| 5 | Sergio Chiesa | Italy | 50'39" |
| 6 | Raymond Fontaine | France | 50'47" |
| 7 | Billy Burns | England | 50'50" |
| 8 | Martin Cox | England | 50'59" |
| 9 | Helmut Schmuck | Austria | 51'18" |
| 10 | Massimo Galliano | Italy | 51'25" |

### Team

| Team | Points |
| Italy | 46 |
| Austria | 53 |
| New Zealand | 76 |

## Women Senior
### Individual

| Rank | Runner | Country | Time |
| | Angela Mudge | Scotland | 49'24" |
| | Birgit Sonntag | Germany | 49'43" |
| | Izabela Zatorska | Poland | 50'11" |
| 4 | Melissa Moon | New Zealand | 50'52" |
| 5 | Matilde Ravizza | Italy | 51'22" |
| 6 | Alessandra Olarte | Colombia | 51'32" |
| 7 | Anna Pichrtova | Czech Republic | 51'37" |
| 8 | Megan Edhouse | New Zealand | 51'49" |
| 9 | Elisabeth Rust | Austria | 51'54" |
| 10 | Pierangela Baronchelli | Italy | 51'58" |

### Team

| Team | Points |
| New Zealand | 25 |
| Italy | 27 |
| Germany | 28 |

## Medal table (junior events included)

| Rank | Country | | | | Tot. |
| 1 | Italy | 3 | 1 | 0 | 4 |
| 2 | New Zealand | 2 | 1 | 1 | 4 |
| 3 | Eritrea | 1 | 1 | 0 | 2 |
| 3 | France | 1 | 1 | 0 | 2 |
| 5 | Scotland | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| 6 | Austria | 0 | 3 | 0 | 3 |
| 7 | Germany | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 |
| 8 | Poland | 0 | 0 | 2 | 2 |
| 8 | Switzerland | 0 | 0 | 2 | 2 |
| 10 | Czech Republic | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
# Pseudomonas jinjuensis

Pseudomonas jinjuensis is a Gram-negative, non-spore-forming, motile, single polar flagellated, yellow-white, rod bacterium isolated from soil in the Jinju Region of Korea. The type strain is LMG 21317.
# Hengliang Subdistrict

Hengliang (simplified Chinese: 横梁; traditional Chinese: 橫梁; pinyin: Héngliáng; lit. 'beam') is a subdistrict of Luhe District, Nanjing, China. Located in the northeast of the city along the China National Highway 328, it borders on Yangzhou City It is a town with more than 1000 years of history, cross-cultural atmosphere, rich in resources, and is the current and future focus on the development of Nanjing's "three-city, nine towns" being one of the nine towns.
The town is coloured by quartz sand, basalt, colored stones, and other rich materials, especially Yuhua agate stones are found. Lingyan Hill, Fangshan, Hengshan, milk Hill have high quality ground water. Existing permanent population of the town is 40,900 persons, migrants number more than 4,000.　Most workers are educated to junior high school or above. It is rich in tourism resources such as Mingshan silk. Southeast of the town is Mount Fang, the world's best preserved ancient craters, with fairy holes, purple Chuk Yuen, Wang Zishi eight wonders, which attracts many tourists. Immediately to the east of Fangshan stands two prominent peaks called Milk Hill.
There is a high yield region of Nanjing river and Luhe river stones. Multiple villages, rely on processing, development and sales of river stones and its arts and crafts. They have embarked on international trade to become wealthy.
# 2008 Grand Prix de Tennis de Lyon – Doubles

Sébastien Grosjean and Jo-Wilfried Tsonga were the defending champions, but were forced to withdraw due to a shoulder injury for Grosjean, before their quarterfinals match against Michaël Llodra and Andy Ram.
Michaël Llodra and Andy Ram won in the final 6–3, 5–7, [10–8], against Stephen Huss and Ross Hutchins.

## Seeds

* Jonas Björkman / Kevin Ullyett (semifinals)
* Michaël Llodra / Andy Ram (champions)
* Jeff Coetzee / Wesley Moodie (quarterfinals)
* Marcelo Melo / André Sá (first round)

## Draw
### Key

* Q = Qualifier
* WC = Wild card
* LL = Lucky loser
* Alt = Alternate
* SE = Special exempt
* PR = Protected ranking
* ITF = ITF entry
* JE = Junior exempt
* w/o = Walkover
* r = Retired
* d = Defaulted
* SR = Special ranking

### Draw

| First round | First round | First round | First round | First round | Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Final | Final | Final | Final | Final |
| 1 | J Björkman K Ullyett | 4 | 6 | [10] | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | C Haggard S Querrey | 6 | 4 | [6] | 1 | J Björkman K Ullyett | 7$^7$ | 6 | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | L Arnold Ker B Soares | 6 | 6 | | | L Arnold Ker B Soares | 6$^1$ | 4 | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | T Robredo F Santoro | 1 | 3 | | | | | | | 1 | J Björkman K Ullyett | 7$^{11}$ | 5 | [5] | | | | | |
| 3 | J Coetzee W Moodie | 6 | 6 | | | | | | | | S Huss R Hutchins | 6$^9$ | 7 | [10] | | | | | |
| WC | A Clément S de Chaunac | 2 | 1 | | 3 | J Coetzee W Moodie | 6$^4$ | 6 | [6] | | | | | | | | | | |
| | F Fognini A Seppi | 3 | 6$^4$ | | | S Huss R Hutchins | 7$^7$ | 3 | [10] | | | | | | | | | | |
| | S Huss R Hutchins | 6 | 7$^7$ | | | | | | | | | | | | | S Huss R Hutchins | 3 | 7 | [8] |
| | R Ginepri A Roddick | 2 | 4 | | | | | | | | | | | | 2 | M Llodra A Ram | 6 | 5 | [10] |
| WC | T Ascione M Gicquel | 6 | 6 | | WC | T Ascione M Gicquel | 7$^9$ | 6 | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | R Lindstedt J Murray | 6 | 7$^9$ | | | R Lindstedt J Murray | 6$^7$ | 3 | | | | | | | | | | | |
| 4 | M Melo A Sá | 0 | 6$^7$ | | | | | | | WC | T Ascione M Gicquel | 6$^4$ | 4 | | | | | | |
| | S Grosjean J-W Tsonga | 6 | 5 | [10] | | | | | | 2 | M Llodra A Ram | 7$^7$ | 6 | | | | | | |
| | S Lipsky D Martin | 4 | 7 | [5] | | S Grosjean J-W Tsonga | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | S Darcis C Rochus | 3 | 4 | | 2 | M Llodra A Ram | w/o | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| 2 | M Llodra A Ram | 6 | 6 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
# Pancreatic mucinous cystadenoma

Pancreatic mucinous cystadenoma is a tumour of pancreas. It may be benign or be associated with an invasive carcinoma component.

## Pathology
### Microscopy

* Mucinous cystadenoma of the pancreas
* Mucinous cystadenoma of the pancreas
* Mucinous cystadenoma of the pancreas
* Mucinous cystadenoma of the pancreas
# 2001 Tour de la Région Wallonne

The 2001 Tour de la Région Wallonne was the 28th edition of the Tour de Wallonie cycle race and was held from 3 to 8 August 2001. The race started in Mouscron and finished in Aubel. The race was won by Glenn D'Hollander.

## General classification

| Rank | Rider | Time |
| 1 | Glenn D'Hollander (BEL) | 23h 12' 31" |
| 2 | Bert Roesems (BEL) | + 30" |
| 3 | David Millar (GBR) | + 35" |
| 4 | Benoît Poilvet (FRA) | + 1' 04" |
| 5 | Bert Grabsch (GER) | + 1' 06" |
| 6 | Léon van Bon (NED) | + 1' 24" |
| 7 | Niklas Axelsson (SWE) | + 1' 33" |
| 8 | Robbie McEwen (AUS) | + 1' 33" |
| 9 | Koos Moerenhout (NED) | + 1' 35" |
| 10 | Marc Streel (BEL) | + 1' 49" |
# Pseudomonas kilonensis

Pseudomonas kilonensis is a Gram-negative soil bacterium isolated from agricultural soil in Germany. The type strain is DSM 13647.
# Henry Engler

Henry Willy Engler Golovchenko (born 1946 in Paysandú) is a Uruguayan neuroscientist.
Student at the University of the Republic, he obtained his BA-level degree in 1970.
During the late 1960s and early 1970s he was a prominent member of the Tupamaros. For that reason he spent 13 years in jail during the civic-military dictatorship of Uruguay.
Later he emigrated to Sweden, where he obtained his PhD at the University of Uppsala. In 2002 he injected for the first time in healthy volunteers and Alzheimer's patients the substance PIB (Pittsburgh compound B) to detect amyloid plaques in the brain. The results were presented at the World Alzheimer's Conference in Stockholm.
# 2018–19 Biathlon World Cup – Stage 2

The 2018–19 Biathlon World Cup – Stage 2 was the second event of the season and was held in Hochfilzen, Austria, from 13 to 16 December 2018.

## Schedule of events

The events took place at the following times.
| Date | Time | Events |
| 13 December | 14:15 CET | Women's 7.5 km Sprint |
| 14 December | 14:15 CET | Men's 10 km Sprint |
| 15 December | 11:30 CET | Women's 10 km Pursuit |
| 15 December | 14:45 CET | Men's 12.5 km Pursuit |
| 16 December | 11:15 CET | 4 x 6 km Women's Relay |
| 16 December | 14:00 CET | 4 x 7.5 km Men's Relay |

## Medal winners
### Men

| Event: | Gold: | Time | Silver: | Time | Bronze: | Time |
| 10 km Sprint | Johannes Thingnes Bø Norway | 24:49.2 (0+1) | Martin Fourcade France | 24:57.8 (0+0) | Benedikt Doll Germany | 24:59.4 (0+0) |
| 12.5 km Pursuit | Martin Fourcade France | 32:22.3 (0+0+0+0) | Arnd Peiffer Germany | 32:36.0 (1+0+0+0) | Vetle Sjåstad Christiansen Norway | 32:38.4 (0+0+0+0) |
| 4 x 7,5 km Men Relay | Sweden Peppe Femling Martin Ponsiluoma Torstein Stenersen Sebastian Samuelsson | 1:16:10.6 (0+0) (0+0) (0+2) (0+1) (0+0) (0+0) (0+0) (0+2) | Norway Lars Helge Birkeland Henrik L'Abée-Lund Tarjei Bø Vetle Sjåstad Christiansen | 1:16:14.2 (0+0) (0+0) (0+1) (0+3) (0+0) (0+2) (0+1) (0+0) | Germany Simon Schempp Johannes Kühn Arnd Peiffer Benedikt Doll | 1:16:39.4 (0+2) (0+0) (0+0) (1+3) (0+0) (0+0) (0+0) (0+1) |

### Women

| Event: | Gold: | Time | Silver: | Time | Bronze: | Time |
| 7.5 km Sprint | Dorothea Wierer Italy | 21:04.9 (0+1) | Kaisa Mäkäräinen Finland | 21:05.5 (0+1) | Ekaterina Yurlova-Percht Russia | 21:29.3 (0+0) |
| 10 km Pursuit | Kaisa Mäkäräinen Finland | 30:53.1 (1+0+1+1) | Paulína Fialková Slovakia | 30:54.6 (0+0+1+1) | Dorothea Wierer Italy | 30:55.9 (2+0+1+1) |
| 4 x 6 km Women Relay | Italy Lisa Vittozzi Alexia Runggaldier Dorothea Wierer Federica Sanfilippo | 1:10:58.7 (0+0) (0+1) (0+0) (0+2) (0+0) (0+0) (0+0) (0+0) | Sweden Linn Persson Mona Brorsson Emma Nilsson Hanna Öberg | 1:11:07.1 (0+0) (0+1) (0+1) (0+2) (0+3) (0+0) (0+0) (0+1) | France Anaïs Chevalier Julia Simon Célia Aymonier Anaïs Bescond | 1:11:10.5 (0+2) (0+0) (0+1) (0+1) (0+2) (0+2) (0+0) (0+1) |
# Norfolk Street, Fremantle

Norfolk Street runs between Marine Terrace and South Terrace in Fremantle, Western Australia.
In the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, it was a street of ill health, slum conditions and criminality. In June 1904, footballer James Gullan was residing at 18 Norfolk Street, and while there he drank some boiler fluid by accident thinking it was castor oil, resulting in his death.
In 1960 the Western Australian Wool Buyers & Exporters Association moved from their address in Perth to the Wool Exchange building at 5 Norfolk Street.
In 1997 steps were taken to heritage list the buildings at 26-27 Norfolk Street.

## Intersections

| LGA | Location | km | mi | Destinations | Notes |
| Fremantle | Fremantle | 0 | 0.0 | Marine Terrace | Roundabout |
| Fremantle | Fremantle | 0.25 | 0.16 | Norfolk Lane | T-junction |
| Fremantle | Fremantle | 0.3 | 0.19 | Parry Street / South Terrace | Traffic light controlled intersection; no right turn from South Terrace southeast bound to Norfolk Street or Parry Street to South Terrace northwest bound; Norfolk Street continues northeast as Parry Street |
| 1.000 mi = 1.609 km; 1.000 km = 0.621 mi Incomplete access ||||||
# Pacemaker action potential

A pacemaker action potential is the kind of action potential that provides a reference rhythm for the network. The pacemaker potential is the slow depolarization because of sodium influx, and once threshold has been reached the continued depolarization due to calcium influx. Repolarization follows, which is due to the efflux of potassium, which allows for the membrane potential to return to its negative voltage. Additionally, the longer the action potential duration the slower the heart rate will be. This means that it takes longer for the threshold to be reached because of the slow influx of sodium and the calcium and potassium channels opening at a later time. This contrasts with pacemaker potential or current which drives rhythmic modulation of firing rate.
Some pacemaker action generate rhythms for the heart beat (sino-atrial node) or the circadian rhythm in the suprachiasmatic nucleus.
# Panam, Afghanistan

Panam is a village in Badakhshan Province in north-eastern Afghanistan.
# Histoire complète de la Révolution, depuis 1789 jusqu'en 1814

Histoire complète de la Révolution, depuis 1789 jusqu'en 1814 (Complete History of the Revolution, from 1789 until 1814) is a history book about the French Revolution written in 1838 by French journalist and historian Albert Laponneraye.

## Overview

The Complete History of the Revolution was the culmination of years of research conducted by Laponneraye, a socialist of the Neo-Babouvist tendency who considered the French Revolution to be a triumph of the people that should serve as a foundation for what he considered a necessary proletarian revolution, as he deemed the original revolution incomplete. Laponneraye's research into the French Revolution produced several important and popular works, of which the Complete History of the Revolution was no exception. It sold very well and was reissued several times during the period of 1838 to 1840.