OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Paleru

Paleru is a tributary of the Krishna river which joins the main river near Mukteswarapuram in Jaggayyapeta mandal of Krishna district in Andhra Pradesh. During the Nizam rule, a reservoir was constructed on the river at Paleru village, Kusumanchi. Hundreds of acres are irrigated with the help of this reservoir. Paleru reservoir acts as a balancing reservoir to the Nagarjunasagar left canal.

## Attraction

There is a small park adjoining the reservoir where boating facility is available.

## Bhakta Ramadasu lift irrigation scheme

Bhakta Ramadasu Lift Irrigation scheme is under final stages of completion for using 5.5 tmcft water for stabilising water supply to nearly 60,000 acres which was part of SRSP (stage II) irrigation project. Under this scheme, Nagarjuna Sagar left canal water is lifted by 59 metres from Paleru reservoir and fed into DBM-60 main canal of the SRSP Stage-II project at Madhiripuram in Tirumalayapalem mandal.
# Patriarch Nicholas IV

Patriarch Nicholas IV may refer to:
* Nicholas IV of Constantinople, Ecumenical Patriarch in 1147–1151
* Patriarch Nicholas IV of Alexandria, Greek Patriarch in 1412–1417
# Huang Banruo

Huang Banruo (Chinese: 黄般若; Wade–Giles: Huang Pan-jo; 1901–1968}, also romanized as Huang Bore and Wong Po-Yeh,$^{:227}$ was a Chinese painter, known for his traditional style landscapes.$^{:235}$
Huang was born in Guangzhou. His uncle was the painter Huang Shaomei, who he studied under. In 1923, he founded the Guihai Painting Research Society.
From 1924 until 1940, he was active in both Guangzhou and Hong Kong. In 1926, he helped found the Guangdong Association for the Study of Chinese Paintings's Hong Kong branch with Pan Dawei and Deng Erya.$^{:227}$ At the same time, he became an art teacher in a middle school.$^{:191}$
In 1956, he was a founding member of the Bingshen Art Club alongside artists like Chao Shao-an, Yang Shanshen, and Li Yanshan.$^{:231}$ He was friends with Chang Dai-chien and Huang Binhong, which helped connect Hong Kong painters with the prominent Chinese artists of the time.$^{:191}$
He finally settled in Hong Kong in 1968, and died later that year at the height of his artistic career.$^{:192}$

## Selected paintings

* Village by the Sea (1966-67)$^{:xxi}$
# HMS Pursuer

Several ships of the Royal Navy have been named HMS Pursuer.
* HMS Pursuer (D73) – an escort carrier of the Second World War, built in 1942 as SS Mormacland transferred to the Royal Navy under Lend-Lease, returned to the US Navy in 1946 to be scrapped.
* HMS Pursuer (1947) – a tank landing ship, originally launched as LST 3504 in 1944, and renamed in 1947. Transferred to the Ministry of Transport in 1956 and renamed Empire Tern. She was broken up in 1969.
* HMS Pursuer (P273) – an Archer-class fast patrol boat, launched in 1986 and completed in 1988.

## Battle honours

* Atlantic 1943–45
* Norway 1944
* Normandy 1944
* South France 1944
* Aegean 1944
# Paterius (consul 443)

Flavius Paterius was a politician of the Roman Empire; he was made consul for 443 as the junior partner of Petronius Maximus.
He was a praetorian prefect of Italy on September 27, 442.
# Gypsophila perfoliata

Gypsophila perfoliata, the perfoliate gypsophila, is a species of plant in the family Caryophyllaceae.
# Huisnes-sur-Mer

Huisnes-sur-Mer (French pronunciation:, literally Huisnes on Sea) is a commune in the Manche department in north-western France.
# Pazhayakunnummel

Pazhayakunnummel is a village in Thiruvananthapuram district in the state of Kerala, India.

## Demographics

As of 2001 India census, Pazhayakunnummel had a population of 25007 with 11735 males and 13272 females.
# Patriarch Nicholas I of Alexandria

Patriarch Nicholas I served as Greek Patriarch of Alexandria between 1210 and 1243.

## Relations with the Church of Rome

Like his predecessor, Nicholas I maintained communion with the See of Rome. He ordained a Latin rite priest and at the invitation of Innocent III of Rome, sent representatives to participate in the Fourth Lateran Council (1215).
In 1218–1219, Crusaders captured Damietta as a base to invade and ravage Egypt from the Ayyubid Muslims. After a crushing defeat in 1221, Crusaders surrendered Damietta and signed an 8-year truce. Native Egyptian Christians underwent renewed persecution by the Muslims in retaliation. Patriarch Nicholas died in deep poverty, 6 years before Crusaders returned to briefly capture Damietta before being liberated by the Muslims.
# Huang Hongjia

Huang Hongjia (Chinese: 黄宏嘉; 5 August 1924 – 22 September 2021) was a Chinese scientist. He was an academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), and a professor at Shanghai University.

## Life and career

Huang developed coupling wave theory in the field of microwave theory. He led a research team that successfully developed single-mode optical fibers in 1980.
He died on 22 September 2021, at the age of 97.
# Oguzhan District

Oguzhan District (formerly Nyýazow District and Parakhat District) is a district of Mary Province in Turkmenistan. The administrative center of the district is the town of Gulanly.
Founded in 1988 as Parakhat District, it became part of Mary since 1992 where its name is changed into Nyýazow District before adopting its current name, Oguzhan.
It is named after Oghuz Khan, a legendary and semimythological khan of the Turkic peoples. Its former name, Nyýazow, is named after Saparmurat Niyazov, the first president of Turkmenistan.
* This Turkmenistan location article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
# Jiří Bobok

Jiří Bobok (born 1 March 1977) is a goalkeeper from Czech Republic who played in the Gambrinus Liga for SFC Opava and FK Jablonec 97. He also spent time with clubs including AC Sparta Prague, FK Chmel Blšany, SK Spolana Neratovice.
# Horton High School

Horton High School may refer to one of several places:
In Canada:
In the United States:
* Horton High School (Kansas) — Horton, Kansas
* Hanover-Horton High School — Horton, Michigan
* Ladue Horton Watkins High School — St. Louis, Missouri
* Horton High School, for Black children, is a former school in Pittsboro, North Carolina
# Gymnopternus aerosus

Gymnopternus aerosus is a species of fly in the family Dolichopodidae. It is found in the Palearctic.
# Ovacık, Ardanuç

Ovacık is a village in the Ardanuç District, Artvin Province, Turkey. Its population is 134 (2021).
# Mona Matsuoka

Mona Matsuoka (松岡モナ, Born February 10, 1998) is a Japanese-American female fashion model. She first signed with Bon Image in Tokyo and was recognized as a Women of the Year 2014 by Vogue Japan.

## Early life

Mona was born in Atlanta, Georgia, to an American father and a Japanese mother. Her family moved frequently and her early life was a blur, however she spent three years in Arizona which she recalls fondly. She moved to Hiroshima with her mother at the age of nine and was introduced to modeling at 10 when her mother sent her profile to several model agencies in Tokyo.
Her first job was for tween magazine Nico★Petit and she soon started to make a name for herself in the Japanese market.

## Career

At the age of 15, she was selected for anteprima at Milan Fashion Week and went on to make her international debut at Paris Fashion Week for the Fall/Winter 2014-15 collections with designers such as Chanel, Dolce & Gabbana, Kenzo, and Miu Miu, and receiving the Vogue Japan Women of the Year 2014 award.
Today, she is anything but an overnight sensation. The hard-working model is busy with many print and commercial advertising campaigns, countless magazine editorials, and performing at 44 brand shows at the New York, London, Milan, and Paris collections.
# Huatia

A huatia (Spanish pronunciation:) or wathiya (Quechua pronunciation:) is an earthen oven which dates back to the Inca Empire. This type of oven is commonly associated with the peasants in the southern regions of the Andes in Peru, Bolivia, and Chile.
Although the term is often used simply to refer to any simple dirt cooking pit, this is not considered the proper way to build a huatia. The most traditional construction (although perhaps not the most common today) is to carefully build a dome or pyramid from rocks over a dirt pit using nothing but gravity to hold the dome together. This dome/pyramid must have an opening in which to place other rocks, kindling, and the food to be cooked. A fire is built inside (special rocks such as volcanic rocks must be selected which can resist the heat) until the rocks become sufficiently heated. Once the food (meat and potatoes most often in addition to herbs) is inside the dome/pyramid is allowed to collapse, either by the action of the heat or by manual intervention, to bury the food. It is then left to cook for many hours soaking up flavors from the surrounding soil. Although any fire in the pit is extinguished the heat remains for a long time. Eventually the food is dug out of the ground and served.
As a practical matter the Pachamanca is today served in many parts of Peru even though the tradition of the huatia is changing (i.e. to simplify the cooking process). It can be debated whether the elaborate construction process of the traditional huatia really adds anything essential to the actual flavor of the food as opposed to simply burying the food. It is, nevertheless, part of the Peruvian heritage.
# Millennial Fair

Millennial Fair may refer to:
* Millennial Fair, a location in Chrono Trigger
* Millennial Fair, a musical ensemble that recorded Creid
# Patriarch Nicholas

Patriarch Nicholas may refer to:
* Nicholas I of Constantinople, Ecumenical Patriarch in 901–907 and 912–925
* Nicholas II of Constantinople, Ecumenical Patriarch in 984–996
* Nicholas III of Constantinople, Ecumenical Patriarch in 1084–1111
* Nicholas IV of Constantinople, Ecumenical Patriarch in 1147–1151
* Patriarch Nicholas I of Alexandria, Greek Patriarch of Alexandria in 1210–1243
* Patriarch Nicholas II of Alexandria, Greek Patriarch of Alexandria in 1263–1276
* Patriarch Nicholas III of Alexandria, Greek Patriarch of Alexandria in 1389–1398
* Patriarch Nicholas IV of Alexandria, Greek Patriarch of Alexandria in 1412–1417
* Nicholas I Zaya, patriarch of the Chaldean Catholic Church in 1839–1847
* Nicholas (Ziorov), primate of the Orthodox Church in America 1891–1898
* Patriarch Nicholas V of Alexandria, Greek Patriarch of Alexandria in 1936–1939
* Patriarch Nicholas VI of Alexandria, Greek Orthodox Patriarch of Alexandria in 1968–1986
# 2011 European Track Championships – Men's keirin

The men's keirin was held on 23 October 2011, with 23 riders participating.

## Medalists

| Gold | Matthew Crampton (GBR) |
| Silver | Christos Volikakis (GRE) |
| Bronze | François Pervis (FRA) |

## Results
### Qualifying

The first two riders in each heat qualified for the second round, remainder to first round repechage. Races were held at 11:10.

#### Heat 3
### First round repechage

The first rider in each heat qualified for the second round. Races were held at 12:50.

#### Heat 3
### Second round

The first three riders in each heat qualified for the final 1–6 and the others to final 7–12. Races were held at 15:30.

#### Heat 1
### Finals

The 7–12 place final was held at 17:29, with the final being held at 17:33.
# Canton of Migennes

The canton of Migennes is an administrative division of the Yonne department, central France. Its borders were modified at the French canton reorganisation which came into effect in March 2015. Its seat is in Migennes.
It consists of the following communes:
* Bassou
* Bonnard
* Brion
* Bussy-en-Othe
* Charmoy
* Cheny
* Chichery
* Épineau-les-Voves
* Laroche-Saint-Cydroine
* Migennes
# 2021 in Guinea

Events in the year 2021 in Guinea.

## Incumbents

* President: Alpha Condé
* Prime Minister: Ibrahima Kassory Fofana

## Events

Ongoing – COVID-19 pandemic in Guinea
* January 12 – Israeli businessman Beny Steinmetz denies corruption or forgery linked to mining rights for Beny Steinmetz Group Resources (BSGR). Swiss prosecutors allege Steinmetz won the mining rights by bribing the wife of former president Lansana Conté (2006–2010).
* January 13 – Two critics of President Alpha Conde are condemned to a year in prison for inciting an insurrection during the 2020 Guinean presidential election campaign.
* February 14 – Guinea declares a new ebola outbreak in Gouécké, Nzérékoré Region. Three people die and four are ill. 14,860 confirmed cases of COVID-19 and 84 deaths have been reported.
* February 20 – Pope Francis accepts the resignation of conservative Cardinal Robert Sarah, 75, from the Vatican′s Congregation for Divine Worship and the Discipline of the Sacraments. As Metropolitan Archbishop of Conakry he was a critic of Islam and of President Ahmed Sékou Touré.
* February 23 – Ebola vaccines donated by the World Health Organization (WHO) are administered in Gouéké, Nzérékoré Prefecture. The WHO has also deployed 65 experts and the UN Central Emergency Response Fund (CERF) has released $15 million to help Guinea and the Democratic Republic of the Congo fight Ebola.
* September 5 - Members of Guinean special forces overthrow incumbent president Alpha Condé from his office and dissolve the Guinean constitution and government.
* September 9 - ECOWAS suspends Guinea from its organization in response to the September 5th coup d'etat.

## Deaths

* February 5 – Abdoul Jabbar, 40–41, singer-songwriter.
* March 1 – Emmanuel Félémou, 60, bishop of Roman Catholic Diocese of Kankan (since 2007); COVID-19.
* March 8 – Djibril Tamsir Niane, 89, writer and historian; COVID-19.
# Gymnopternus opacus

Gymnopternus opacus is a species of long-legged fly in the family Dolichopodidae.
# Ovacık, Başmakçı

Ovacık is a village in the Başmakçı District, Afyonkarahisar Province, Turkey. Its population is 290 (2021). It is located southeast of the district capital of Başmakçı and east of Yassıören.
# Huatan railway station

Huatan (Chinese: 花壇車站; pinyin: Huātán Chēzhàn) is a railway station on the Taiwan Railways Administration West Coast line located in Huatan Township, Changhua County, Taiwan.

## History

The station was opened on 26 March 1905.
# Milenković

Milenković, Milenkovič, or Milenkovic (Cyrillic script: Миленковић) is a patronymic surname derived from a masculine given name Milenko. It may refer to:
* Aleksandar Milenković (born 1967), Serbian cyclist, biathlete and cross-country skier
* Aleksandar Milenković (born 1994), Austrian and Serbian football player
* Ana Milenković (born 1980), Serbian singer, member of the band Beauty Queens
* Anja Milenkovič (born 1982), Slovenian football player
* Bojana Milenković (born 1997), Serbian volleyball player
* Borko Milenković (born 1984), Serbian football player
* Božidar Milenković (1954–2020), Serbian football player and coach
* Dalibor Milenković (born 1987), Serbian football player
* Dragan Milenković (born 1984), Macedonian basketball player
* Gordana Milenković (born 1966), Serbian politician
* Ivan Milenković (born 1983), Serbian football player
* Ksenija Milenković (born 1975), Serbian politician and diplomat
* Marko Milenković (born 1974), Serbian politician
* Marko Milenkovič (born 1976), Slovenian swimmer
* Mirjana Milenković (born 1985), Montenegrin handball player
* Nenad Milenković (born 1972), Serbian politician
* Nikica Milenković (born 1959), Croatian football player and manager
* Nikola Milenković (born 1997), Serbian football player
* Ninoslav Milenković (born 1977), Bosnian football player
* Olgica Milenkovic, electrical engineer from former Yugoslavia
* Philip Milenković (born 1988), Swedish football player
* Radoslav Milenković (born 1958), Serbian theatre director
* Stefan Milenković (born 1977), Serbian concert violinist
* Vid Milenkovic (born 1995), Swiss basketball player
* Vladimir Milenković (born 1982), Serbian football player
* Živojin Milenković (1928–2008), Serbian actor
* Milenković family: Svetozar Milenković (1907–1983), Vida Milenković (1912–1992), and Aleksandar Petrović (1917–1944), Serbians who protected Jewish people during the Holocaust
# Pascagoula Abduction

The Pascagoula Abduction was an alleged UFO sighting and alien abduction in 1973, in which Charles Hickson and Calvin Parker claimed they were abducted and examined before being released by aliens while fishing near Pascagoula, Mississippi.

## Alleged abduction

On the evening of October 11, 1973, 42-year-old Charles Hickson and 19-year-old Calvin Parker told the Jackson County, Mississippi, sheriff's office they were fishing off a pier on the west bank of the Pascagoula River in Mississippi when they heard a whirring/whizzing sound, saw two flashing blue lights, and observed an oval shaped object 30–40 feet (9–12 m) across and 8–10 feet (2–3 m) high. Parker and Hickson claimed they were "conscious but paralyzed" while three "creatures" with "robotic slit-mouths" and "crab-like pincers" took them aboard the object and subjected them to an examination.

## Publicity and later activities

Following the incident, Hickson gave interviews and lectures, appeared on television (including an episode of the game show To Tell The Truth), in 1974 claimed additional encounters with aliens, and in 1983 authored a self-published book UFO Contact at Pascagoula. Parker later attended UFO conventions, and in 1993 started a company called "UFO Investigations" to produce television stories about UFOs.
In September 2011, Hickson died of a heart attack at the age of 80.
In 2018, Parker released his book, entitled Pascagoula: The Closest Encounter, My Story, which is "the first full account of the event given by Parker along with how it affected his life".
On June 22, 2019, a historical marker was unveiled at the site of the alleged abduction, funded by the historical society and with placement approved by the city. Parker attended the unveiling, as did Hickson's son and family. Parker stated, "It is emotional for me. I can't really describe it because I would break out in tears if I do. I wish when I died I could be buried right here underneath this plaque, that would explain it the best. It is quite an honor."
Parker died from kidney cancer in August 2023 at the age of 68.

## Skepticism

Aviation journalist and UFO skeptic Philip J. Klass found "discrepancies" in Hickson's story, noted that Hickson refused to take a polygraph exam conducted by an experienced examiner, and concluded that the case was a hoax. Skeptical investigator Joe Nickell wrote that Hickson's behavior was "questionable" and that Hickson later altered or embellished his claims. Nickell speculated that Hickson may have fantasized the alien encounter during a hypnagogic "waking dream state", and suggested that Parker's corroboration of the tale was likely due to suggestibility because he initially told police he had "passed out at the beginning of the incident and failed to regain consciousness until it was over", a claim supported by Hickson during his To Tell the Truth appearance.
# Mathetics

Mathetics is the science of learning. The term was coined by John Amos Comenius (1592–1670) in his work Spicilegium didacticum, published in 1680. He understood Mathetics as the opposite of Didactics, the science of teaching. Mathetics considers and uses findings of current interest from pedagogical psychology, neurophysiology and information technology.

## The Journal of Mathetics

In 1962, The University of Alabama's Mathetics Foundation began publication of The Journal of Mathetics. However, only two issues were ever printed, the first in January and the second in April.
The contents of the first issue included:
* p. 7 THE TECHNOLOGY OF EDUCATION – domain theory, operant span, long division
* p. 75 EFFECTING THE USE OF EFFICIENT STUDY HABITS – SQ3R, stimulus control, graph paper
* p. 87 THE CONTROL OF EATING – obese, disposition to eat, weight loss
* p. 111 THE PROGRESS PLOTTER As A REINFORCEMENT DEVICE – reading rate, mathetical, delayed auditory feedback

## Mathetics in literature

Seymour Papert, MIT mathematician, educator, and author, explains the rationale behind the term mathetics in Chapter 5 (A Word for Learning) of his book, The Children's Machine. The origin of the word, according to Papert, is not from "mathematics," but from the Greek, mathēmatikos, which means "disposed to learn." He feels this word (or one like it) should become as much part of the vocabulary about education as is the word pedagogy or instructional design.
In Chapter 6 of The Children's Machine, Papert mentions six case studies, and all six have their own accompanying learning moral and they all continue his discussion of his views of mathetics. Case study 2 looks at people who use mathematics to change and alter their recipes while cooking. His emphasis here is the use of mathematical knowledge without formal instruction, which he considers to be the central mathetic moral of the study. Papert states "The central epistemological moral is that we all used concrete forms of reasoning. The central mathetic moral is that in doing this we demonstrated we had learned to do something mathematical without instruction – and even despite having been taught to proceed differently" (p. 115).
Papert's 1980 book, Mindstorms: Children, Computers, and Powerful Ideas, discusses the mathetic approach to learning. By using a mathetic approach, Papert feels that independent learning and creative thinking are being encouraged. The mathetic approach can be summarized as "learning by doing." Many proponents of the mathetic approach feel that the best, and maybe the only, way to learn is by self-discovery.
# Cape Daly

Cape Daly (67°31′S 63°47′E﻿ / ﻿67.517°S 63.783°E﻿ / -67.517; 63.783) is an ice-covered promontory on the coast of Antarctica, 3 nautical miles (6 km) west of Safety Island and close southeast of the Robinson Group. It was discovered in February 1931 by the British Australian New Zealand Antarctic Research Expedition under Mawson, who named it for Senator Daly of the Australian Senate.