OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# George Herancourt

George L. Herancourt (1856 – after 1888) was an American business executive, best known as the managing owner of the Cincinnati Red Stockings baseball team during the 1885 season. He also served one term as the treasurer of the city of Cincinnati.

## Biography

George L. Herancourt was the son of wealthy Cincinnati brewer George M. Herancourt (1807–1880). He helped manage his father's business interests, being promoted to vice president of the Herancourt Brewing Company, and branched out into baseball and selling fish. At the time of his father's death, Herancourt had seven living siblings; three sisters and four brothers.
In 1880, Herancourt was elected treasurer of the Cincinnati Stars of the National League, who competed for just one season. He was one of the founders of the American Association in 1881, attending the founding meeting with fellow townsmen Aaron S. Stern and O. P. Caylor, and was elected secretary-treasurer of the city's new team, the Cincinnati Red Stockings.
After the 1884 season, Herancourt took over as managing owner of the team from Stern, and incorporated the club. The 1885 Red Stockings had some success on the field, finishing in second place in the American Association. However, Herancourt's timing was unfortunate, as the Reds lost money under his management, and the overextended Herancourt had paid his partners too much for their shares.
As a Democrat, Herancourt was elected city treasurer in 1883, serving one two-year term. He lost his bid for reelection in 1885. About this time he went bankrupt, having dissipated a large fortune, and there were reports that the treasurer's office had a shortfall in its accounts. The personable Herancourt was referenced in local paper as being an "associate of gamblers and prostitutes." Amidst lawsuits, charges and countercharges, Herancourt's interest in the baseball team was taken over by John Hauck, his cousin and also a wealthy brewer, and Herancourt disappeared.
Credible reports place Herancourt as a dollar-a-day laborer in Los Angeles, in 1888, a location backed up by unclaimed letters at that city's post office. His whereabouts after that time remain unknown. At the time of his father's death in 1880, Herancourt had seven siblings: three sisters and four brothers.
# George Hepburn

George Hepburn may refer to:
* George Hepburn (bishop) (died 1513), son of Adam Hepburn and brother to Patrick Hepburn, the first Earl of Bothwell
* George Hepburn (politician) (1803–1883), 19th century Member of Parliament from Otago, New Zealand
# 1972 Australian Manufacturers' Championship

The 1972 Australian Manufacturers' Championship was a CAMS sanctioned national motor racing title for car manufacturers. It was contested over a five-round series.
| Round | Race title | Circuit | State | Date | Winning driver(s) | Winning car | Report |
| 1 | Chesterfield 250 | Adelaide International Raceway | South Australia | 27 August | Colin Bond | Holden Torana LJ GTR XU1 | Report |
| 2 | Sandown 250 | Sandown Park | Victoria | 10 September | John Goss | Ford XY Falcon GTHO Phase III | Report |
| 3 | Hardie-Ferodo 500 | Mount Panorama | New South Wales | 1 October | Peter Brock | Holden Torana LJ GTR XU1 | Report |
| 4 | Phillip Island 500K | Phillip Island | Victoria | 21 October | Allan Moffat | Ford XY Falcon GTHO Phase III | Report |
| 5 | Chesterfield 300 | Surfers Paradise | Queensland | 26 November | Allan Moffat | Ford XY Falcon GTHO Phase III | Report |
All rounds were open only to Group E Series Production Touring Cars. Entries were divided into four classes, split via "CP Units", where the engine capacity of the vehicle (in litres) was multiplied by the retail price of the vehicle (in dollars) to give a CP (Capacity Price) Units value for each model.
* Class A : Up to 3,000 CP Units
* Class B : 3,001 to 9,000 CP Units
* Class C : 9,001 to 18,000 CP Units
* Class D: 18,001 CP Units and over
For each round other than Bathurst, championship points were awarded 9,8,7,6,5,4,3,2,1 in each class with bonus points awarded for outright placings on a 4,3,2,1 basis. For the Bathurst round, points were awarded 18,16,14,12,10,8,6,4,2 in each class with bonus points awarded for outright placings on a 4,3,2,1 basis.
Championship results were as follows.
| Position | Manufacturer | Class | Car | Rd1 | Rd2 | Rd3 | Rd4 | Rd5 | Points |
| 1 | Ford | D | Ford Falcon XY GTHO | 10 | 13 | 21 | 13 | 13 | 70 |
| 2 | Holden | C | Holden Torana LJ GTR XU-1 | 13 | 10 | 22 | 12 | 12 | 69 |
| 3 | Ford | B | Ford Escort Twin Cam & Ford Escort GT1600 | 9 | 9 | 18 | 9 | 9 | 54 |
| 4 | Mazda | A | Mazda 1300 | 9 | 9 | 16 | 9 | 9 | 52 |
| 5 | Chrysler | D | Chrysler Valiant Charger R/T E49 | 8 | - | 18 | 7 | 6 | 39 |
| | Datsun | A | Datsun 1200 | 8 | 7 | 18 | ? | ? | 39 |
| 7 | Mazda | B | Mazda Capella RE | - | ? | 16 | ? | ? | 29 |
| 8 | Alfa Romeo | C | Alfa Romeo 1750 GTV | 5 | ? | 10 | ? | ? | 18 |
| 9 | Chrysler | C | Chrysler Valiant Charger R/T E38 | - | - | 12 | - | - | 12 |
| 10 | Fiat | B | Fiat 124 Sport | - | - | 6 | - | - | 6 |
| 11 | Chrysler | A | Chrysler Valiant Galant | 5 | - | - | - | - | 5 |
| | Morris | B | Morris Cooper S | - | ? | - | ? | ? | 5 |
| 13 | Holden | B | Holden Torana LC GTR | - | - | 2 | - | - | 2 |
# Georgiana Blankenship

Georgiana Smith Blankenship (née Mitchell; 1861 - January 9, 1936) wrote "Early History of Thurston County, Washington: Together with Biographies and Reminiscences of Those Identified with Pioneer Days".

## Biography

Born in 1861 in St. Paul, Minnesota, the daughter of George Mitchell and Elizabeth Pennimer, Blankenship was a writer identified with fraternal and club activities and was always interested in educational work. She was a member of the Olympia Woman's Club and Order of the Eastern Star. She was an officer of the Pioneer and Historical Society of Thurston County in Olympia. The Society was organized on March 2, 1910, and the requirement to be part of it was to have resided in the county for forty or more years. In 1914, she wrote "Early History of Thurston County, Washington: Together with Biographies and Reminiscences of Those Identified with Pioneer Days".
Blankenship lived in California and moved to Washington State in 1890, where she lived at East Bay Drive, Olympia, Washington. She first married a man surnamed Smith. Later she married George Edward Blankenship (1858-1947); they had one daughter, Marion Ruth, later Mrs. Abel.
She died on January 9, 1936, aged 74, and is buried at Masonic Memorial Park, Tumwater, Washington.

## Publications

She was the author of Tillicum Tales of Thurston County, a historical and reminiscent book.
# 1969 in Japanese television

Events in 1969 in Japanese television.

## Channels

Launches:
* April 1 - Fuji News Network

## Debuts

| Show | Station | Premiere Date | Genre | Original Run |
| Flower Action 009-1 | Fuji TV | October 7 | drama | October 7, 1969 – December 30, 1969 |
| Attack No. 1 | Fuji TV | December 7 | anime | December 7, 1969 – November 28, 1971 |
| Dororo | Fuji TV | April 6 | anime | April 6, 1969 – September 28, 1969 |
| Hakushon Daimaō | Fuji TV | October 5 | anime | October 5, 1969 - September 27, 1970 |
| Himitsu no Akko-chan | NET | January 6 | anime | January 6, 1969 - October 26, 1970 |
| Kurenai Sanshiro | Fuji TV | April 2 | anime | April 2, 1969 – September 24, 1969 |
| Ninpū Kamui Gaiden | Fuji TV | April 6 | anime | April 6, 1969 – September 28, 1969 |
| Mito Kōmon | TBS | August 4 | jidaigeki | August 4, 1969 – December 19, 2011 |
| Moomin | Fuji TV | October 6 | anime | October 6, 1969 - December 27, 1970 |
| Mōretsu Atarō | NET | April 4 | anime | April 4, 1969 – December 25, 1970 |
| Sazae-san | Fuji TV | October 5 | anime | October 5, 1969 – present |
| Tiger Mask | Yomiuri TV | October 2 | anime | October 2, 1969 – September 30, 1971 |

## Ongoing shows

* Music Fair, music (1964-present)
* Key Hunter, drama (1968–1973)

## Endings

| Show | Station | Ending Date | Genre | Original Run |
| Flower Action 009-1 | Fuji TV | December 30 | drama | October 7, 1969 – December 30, 1969 |
| GeGeGe no Kitaro | Fuji TV | January 3 | anime | January 3, 1968 – March 30, 1969 |
| Hyokkori Hyō Tanjima | NHK | April 4 | anime | April 6, 1964 - April 4, 1969 |
| Johnny Cypher in Dimension Zero | Fuji TV | March 29 | anime | October 21, 1968 – March 29, 1969 |
| Kurenai Sanshiro | Fuji TV | April 2 | anime | April 2, 1969 – September 24, 1969 |
| Ninpū Kamui Gaiden | Fuji TV | April 6 | anime | April 6, 1969 – September 28, 1969 |
# Music Al Remas TV

Al-Remas Music Productions Ltd. is a company specialized in the production and distribution of music with a focus on promoting artists from Iraq and the Persian Gulf. Founded by Rafat Albadr in 2013, the channel specializes in Arabic-language music.
# Hands On

Hands On may refer to:
* Hands On USA, now All Hands Volunteers, a relief project established to help victims of Hurricane Katrina
* Hands On Learning Australia, a nonprofit that provides an alternative learning framework for disengaged students to reconnect with school and community
* Hands On (TV series), TV program for deaf and hard-of-hearing people in Ireland
* Hands On (album)
# 2010–11 RCD Mallorca season

During the 2010–11 Spanish football season, RCD Mallorca competed in La Liga.

## Season summary

Danish coach Michael Laudrup was appointed as head coach. Despite the club's financial difficulties, the club avoided relegation by one point.

## Kit

Mallorca's kits were manufactured by Italian sportswear company Macron and sponsored by Austrian online gambling company bet-at-home.com.

## First-team squad

    Squad at end of season
Note: Flags indicate national team as defined under FIFA eligibility rules. Players may hold more than one non-FIFA nationality.
| No. | Pos. | Nation | Player |
| 1 | GK | ARG | Germán Lux |
| 3 | MF | BRA | João Victor |
| 4 | DF | ESP | Iván Ramis |
| 5 | DF | ESP | Rubén |
| 7 | MF | FRA | Michaël Pereira |
| 8 | DF | ESP | Emilio Nsue |
| 9 | FW | CMR | Pierre Webó |
| 11 | MF | URU | Chory Castro |
| 13 | GK | ISR | Dudu Aouate |
| 14 | MF | JPN | Akihiro Ienaga |
| 16 | DF | POR | José Nunes (captain) |
| 17 | DF | ESP | Ayoze |
| 18 | FW | ESP | Víctor |
| No. | Pos. | Nation | Player |
| 19 | MF | ESP | José Luis Martí |
| 20 | MF | NED | Jonathan de Guzmán |
| 21 | DF | ESP | Martí Crespí |
| 22 | DF | ESP | Pau Cendrós |
| 23 | DF | ESP | Enrique Corrales |
| 26 | FW | ESP | Sergi Enrich |
| 27 | MF | ESP | Sergio Tejera |
| 28 | MF | ESP | Tomás Pina Isla |
| 29 | DF | ESP | Kevin |
| 30 | GK | ESP | Tomeu Nadal |
| 31 | DF | ESP | Abdón |
| 33 | DF | ESP | Ximo Navarro |

### Left club during season

Note: Flags indicate national team as defined under FIFA eligibility rules. Players may hold more than one non-FIFA nationality.
| No. | Pos. | Nation | Player |
| 2 | DF | BRA | Edson Ratinho (on loan to São Paulo) |
| 10 | FW | ARG | Fernando Cavenaghi (on loan from Bordeaux) |
| No. | Pos. | Nation | Player |
| 15 | MF | ESP | Tuni (on loan to Gimnàstic de Tarragona) |

## Competitions
### La Liga
#### League table

| Pos | Teamvte | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | Pts | Qualification or relegation |
| 15 | Real Sociedad | 38 | 14 | 3 | 21 | 49 | 66 | −17 | 45 | |
| 16 | Getafe | 38 | 12 | 8 | 18 | 49 | 60 | −11 | 44 | |
| 17 | Mallorca | 38 | 12 | 8 | 18 | 41 | 56 | −15 | 44 | |
| 18 | Deportivo La Coruña (R) | 38 | 10 | 13 | 15 | 31 | 47 | −16 | 43 | Relegation to the Segunda División |
| 19 | Hércules (R) | 38 | 9 | 8 | 21 | 36 | 60 | −24 | 35 | Relegation to the Segunda División |
* ↑ ZAR: 9 pts; LEV: 4 pts → LEV 2–1 RSO; RSO: 4 pts → RSO 1–1 LEV
* 1 2 GET 3–0 MLL; MLL 2–0 GET
# Golovino (disambiguation)

Golovino, town in Tavush Province in Armenia
Golovino may also refer to:
* Golovino, Belgorod Oblast, Russia
* Golovino, Kirzhachsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia
* Golovino, Petushinsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia
* Golovino, Selivanovsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia
* Golovino, Sobinsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia
* Golovino, Sudogodsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia
* Golovino, Vyaznikovsky District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia
# Old Clifty Church

Old Clifty Church is an American Civil War era log building in rural Greene County, Indiana. Today it is a non-denominational public event space maintained by the Old Clifty Memorial Association, but it began as a Protestant Methodist Church when completed in 1867. Construction began in 1858 after land was donated by Michael Dobson but construction was on hiatus until men returned from the Civil War.
White Poplar logs, some measuring 50 feet long and 3 feet in diameter, felled from the surrounding area were used to construct the walls. Several repairs have been made to the structure over the years but only one log has been replaced (a short length midway up wall behind the pulpit). The building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2020.
# Giulia Recli

Giulia Recli (1890 – 19 December 1970) was an Italian composer and essayist.
Born in Milan, Recli was a student under Ildebrando Pizzetti and Victor de Sabata, learning piano, composition and singing. She was awarded first and second prizes at New York musical competitions. Recli's works were introduced to American audiences by Tullio Serafin. In 1926, at a Metropolitan Opera concert headlining Belgian violinist, César Thomson, Recli's Chimes at Sunrise was performed. In 1931, Recli's Nicolette s'Endorte, described by The New York Times as a "graceful lullaby", was performed at the Metropolitan Opera by Mario Vitetta (solo violin) in a concert devoted to the French Tenor Georges Thill. In 1965 a concert of her work and three other female composers was performed in Rome at an RAI symphony concert.
# 1991–92 Women's European Cup (handball)

The 1991–92 Women's European Champions Cup was the 31st edition of Europe's competition for national champions women's handball clubs, taking place between September 1991 and 18 April 1992. Hypo Niederösterreich defeated defending champion TV Giessen-Lützellinden in a rematch of the previous edition's final to win its third title.

## Qualifying round

| Team #1 | Agg. | Team #2 | 1st | 2nd |
| Aalsmeer | 41–25 | Initia Hasselt | 21–11 | 20–14 |
| Irsta | 51–35 | Stjarnan | 28–14 | 23–21 |
| Tryst 77 | 32–101 | Hypo Niederösterreich | 17–50 | 15–51 |
| Cassano Magnago | ? | Colégio da Gaia | 31–19 | ? |
| Fünfhaus | 45–32 | Doukas | 23–11 | 22–21 |
| Íber Valencia | 84–35 | Hapoel Petah Tikva | 41–18 | 43–17 |
| Brühl | 61–13 | Bascharage | 34–5 | 27–8 |
| Walle Bremen | 54–43 | Verias | ? | ? |

## First round

| Team #1 | Agg. | Team #2 | 1st | 2nd |
| Chimistul Ramnicu Valcea | 71–53 | Aalsmeer | 40–29 | 31–24 |
| Irsta | 54–43 | Pogon Szczecin | 26–20 | 28–23 |
| Niederösterreich | ? | Cassano Magnago | 31–17 | ? |
| Gjerpen | ? | Fünfhaus | ? | ? |
| TV Giessen-Lützellinden | 41–40 | Hargita | 26–19 | 15–21 |
| Íber Valencia | 32–41 | Lokomotiva Zagreb | 18–20 | 14–21 |
| Brühl | 36–46 | Walle Bremen | 18–19 | 18–27 |
| Gagny | 44–36 | Slavia Prague | 24–18 | 20–18 |

## Quarter-finals

| Team #1 | Agg. | Team #2 | 1st | 2nd |
| Chimistul Ramnicu Valcea | 58–55 | Irsta | 33–28 | 25–27 |
| Niederösterreich | 54–42 | Gjerpen | 28–19 | 26–23 |
| Giessen-Lützellinden | 33–32 | Lokomotiva Zagreb | 20–10 | 13–22 |
| Walle Bremen | 47–34 | Gagny | 20–14 | 27–20 |

## Semifinals

| Team #1 | Agg. | Team #2 | 1st | 2nd |
| Chimistul Ramnicu Valcea | 56–72 | Niederösterreich | 22–32 | 34–40 |
| Giessen-Lützellinden | 40–35 | Walle Bremen | 20–16 | 20–19 |

## Final

| Team #1 | Agg. | Team #2 | 1st | 2nd |
| Niederösterreich | 34–32 | Giessen-Lützellinden | 15–14 | 19–18 |
# 1991 Asian Cross Country Championships

The 1st Asian Cross Country Championships took place 1991 in Fukuoka, Japan.

## Medalists

| Event | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
| Senior Men Individual | Shozo Shimoju (JPN) | Zhang Fukui (CHN) | Han Zongmin (CHN) |
| Senior Men Team | Japan (JPN) | China (CHN) | Qatar (QAT) |
| Junior Men Individual | Yasuyuki Watanabe [jp] (JPN) | Katsuhiro Kawauchi (JPN) | Takaomi Kawanami (JPN) |
| Junior Men Team | Japan (JPN) | Republic of Korea (KOR) | Qatar (QAT) |
| Senior Women Individual | Mun Gyong-Ae (PRK) | Kim Ryon-Sun (PRK) | Kim Chun-Mae (PRK) |
| Senior Women Team | North Korea (PRK) | Japan (JPN) | India (IND) |
| Junior Women Individual | Qu Yunxia (CHN) | Li (CHN) | Azumi Miyazaki (JPN) |
| Junior Women Team | China (CHN) | Japan (JPN) | North Korea (PRK) |

## Medal table

| Rank | Nation | Gold | Silver | Bronze | Total |
| 1 | Japan (JPN) | 4 | 3 | 2 | 9 |
| 2 | China (CHN) | 2 | 3 | 1 | 6 |
| 3 | North Korea (PRK) | 2 | 1 | 2 | 5 |
| 4 | South Korea (KOR) | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| 5 | Qatar (QAT) | 0 | 0 | 2 | 2 |
| 6 | India (IND) | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| Totals (6 entries) | Totals (6 entries) | 8 | 8 | 8 | 24 |
# Giovanni Bertacchi

Giovanni Bertacchi (9 February 1869 – 24 November 1942) was an Italian poet, teacher and literary critic.

## Biography

His poetry was heavily influenced by Giovanni Pascoli, both in terms of the search for metric forms and the characteristic taste for landscape descriptions.
He was a professor of Italian literature at the University of Padua from 1916 to 1938 when he voluntarily left the teaching position against fascism.
He was the author of critical studies on Dante, Leopardi, Manzoni, Alfieri, Mazzini. His first and perhaps most important poetic work is the Canzoniere delle Alpi, published in 1895. About 60 years, in conjunction with the release of his latest collection Il perenne domani (The Perennial Tomorrow). These were pervaded by the nostalgia for childhood and for its places of origin.
He was buried in the cemetery of Chiavenna, a sarcophagus created by Enrico Pancera.

## Main works
### Critical studies

* Ore dantesche (1914)
* Leopardi un maestro di vita (1917) - Leopards a Master of Life
* Il primo romanticismo lombardo (1920) - The first Lombard romance
* Il pensiero critico e le tragedie di A. Manzoni (1936) - The critical thought and tragedies of A. Manzoni

### Verse stories

* Il canzoniere delle Alpi, Milano, Chiesa e Guindani (1895) - The songwriter of the Alps , Milan, Church and Guindani
* Poemetti lirici, Milano, Sonzogno (1898) - Poetry lyric , Milan, Sonzogno
* Le malie del passato, Milano, Libreria editrice lombarda, (1905) - The Mountains of the Past , Milan, Lombard Publishing House
* Alle sorgenti, Milano, Baldini e Castoldi, (1906) - At the sources , Milan, Baldini & Castoldi
* A fior di silenzio, Milano, Baldini e Castoldi (1912) - A silent flower , Milan, Baldini and Castoldi
* Riflessi di orizzonti, Milano, Baldini e Castoldi, (1921) - Reflections of horizons , Milan, Baldini and Castoldi
* Il perenne domani, Milano, Baldini e Castoldi, (1929) -

### Other works

* Suona la sveglia (1921), inno ufficiale del Corpo nazionale giovani esploratori ed esploratrici italiani
* Marmi, vessilli ed eroi (orazioni, commemorazioni, ecc.), Milano, Baldini e Castoldi (1912)
* Voci dal mondo: antologia della lingua italiana, Torino, Paravia, 1926.
# Magelhaens

Magelhaens is the name used by the International Astronomical Union for features commemorating the explorer Ferdinand Magellan.
It can refer to:
* Magelhaens (lunar crater), a feature on the Moon
* Magelhaens A, an associated feature on the Moon
* Magelhaens (Martian crater), a feature on Mars
# Girls' Youth NORCECA Volleyball Championship

The NORCECA Girls Youth Continental Championship U-19 is a sport competition for national volleyball teams, currently held biannually and organized by the NORCECA, the North America, Central America and Caribbean volleyball federation. The competition is played by girls' under-19 teams.

## Summary

NORCECA Championship :
| Year | Host | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
| 1998 Details | Puerto Rico | United States | Puerto Rico | Canada |
| 2000 Details | Dominican Republic | Puerto Rico | United States | Dominican Republic |
| 2002 Details | United States | United States | Dominican Republic | Puerto Rico |
| 2004 Details | Puerto Rico | United States | Puerto Rico | Mexico |
| 2006 Details | United States | United States | Dominican Republic | Puerto Rico |
| 2008 Details | Puerto Rico | United States | Mexico | Dominican Republic |
| 2010 Details | Guatemala | United States | Mexico | Puerto Rico |
| 2012 Details | Mexico | United States | Dominican Republic | Mexico |
| 2014 Details | Costa Rica | Dominican Republic | United States | Mexico |
| 2016 Details | Puerto Rico | Dominican Republic | United States | Mexico |
| 2018 Details | Honduras | United States | Canada | Cuba |
| 2024 Details | Honduras | United States | Canada | Puerto Rico |

## Medal table

| Rank | Nation | Gold | Silver | Bronze | Total |
| 1 | United States | 9 | 3 | 0 | 12 |
| 2 | Dominican Republic | 2 | 3 | 2 | 7 |
| 3 | Puerto Rico | 1 | 2 | 4 | 7 |
| 4 | Mexico | 0 | 2 | 4 | 6 |
| 5 | Canada | 0 | 2 | 1 | 3 |
| 6 | Cuba | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| Totals (6 entries) | Totals (6 entries) | 12 | 12 | 12 | 36 |
# Maidan, Nepal

Maidan is a village development committee in Arghakhanchi District in the Lumbini Zone of southern Nepal. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 4,474 and had 792 houses in the village.
# Maidan, Pakistan

Maidan is a valley in the Lower Dir District of the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan. The inhabitants of Maidan are mostly Pashtuns. The most numerous tribe living in Maidan is Ismailzai or Samelzai. It is one of the four clans of Tarkani also called Tarkalani tribe. Maidan was not directly under the control of Pakistan government at the time of partition, the valley was governed by a Nawab named "Nawab Shah Jehan". This region was part of the separate state named "Royal State of the Dir" till the 1960s. In 1961, Maidan came directly under the control of the Government of Pakistan. The main bazaar of Maidan Valley is Kumbar. There is a rural health centre situated at Lal Qilla region. Kumbar is the main business center in the valley. The valley passes through high mountains that are covered with snow in the winter season.
Maidan is known for its lush green mountains and springs in the summer season. Kumber, being the main village of the Maidan valley, is a big trade centre comprising many commercial markets. People from various villages of the valley come to Kumbar Bazaar to fulfill their daily needs. Most of the population of the valley go abroad for earning their livings.
Tehsil Maidan has recently been declared a subdivision, which comprises five Union Councils: Lal Qilla, Kotkay, Bashigram, Zaimdara and Gal. There are two police stations in Maidan, namely Lal Qilla and Zaimdara.

## Religions, language and peoples

The peoples of Maidan are mostly Pashtuns and they speak the Pashto language. They are mostly Sunni Muslims.

## History

Early Maidan was under the Nawab rule. But after 1965, Maidan or Dir became a part of the Islamic Republic of Pakistan .

## Crops

Wheat, maize, rice and walnuts are common crops in the region.

## Politics

Four main parties participate in politics: JI, PPP, ANP and PTI. PTI won the election in 2018 and Malak Liaqat Ali became a MPA and Bashir Khan MNA of Madian.