OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Pacemaker crosstalk

Pacemaker crosstalk results when the pacemaker-generated electrical event in one heart chamber is sensed by the lead in another chamber, resulting in inappropriate inhibition of the pacing artifact in the second chamber.

## Cause

Crosstalk can only occur in a dual chamber or biventricular pacemaker. It happens less often in more recent models of dual chamber pacemakers due to the addition of a ventricular blanking period, which coincides with the atrial stimulus. This helps to prevent ventricular channel oversensing of atrial output. Newer dual chamber pacemakers also use bipolar leads with a smaller pacing spike, and steroid eluting leads with lower pacing thresholds. Crosstalk is more common in unipolar systems since they require a larger pacing spike. Crosstalk is sometimes referred to as crosstalk inhibition, far-field sensing, or self-inhibition. In some cases, crosstalk can occur in the pulse generator circuit itself, though more common causes include atrial lead dislodgement into the ventricle, ventricular lead dislodgement into the atrium, high atrial output current, high ventricular sensitivity, and short ventricular blanking period.

## Treatment

In general, the treatment of crosstalk includes decreasing atrial pacing output, decreasing atrial pulse width, decreasing ventricular sensitivity, increasing the ventricular blanking period, activating ventricular safety pacing, and new atrial lead implant if insulation failure mandates unipolar programming.
# Moundville Township, Vernon County, Missouri

Moundville Township is a township in Vernon County, in the U.S. state of Missouri.
Moundville Township was erected in 1867, taking its name from the community of Moundville, Missouri.
# Hetepheres

Hetepheres is the name of several queens, princesses and noble women from the Fourth dynasty of Egypt.
* Hetepheres I, wife of Pharaoh Sneferu and mother of Khufu
* Hetepheres A, daughter of Sneferu, wife of Ankhhaf
* Hetepheres II, daughter of Khufu, wife of Prince Kawab and pharaoh Djedefre
* Hetepheres B, daughter of Djedefre
* Hetepheres C, wife of Baka (son of Djedefre)

## Literature

* Dodson and Hilton: The Complete Royal Families of Ancient Egypt, London, 2004
* Wolfram Grajetzki: Ancient Egyptian Queens – a hieroglyphic dictionary, London, 2005
# Natchitoches Christmas Festival

The Natchitoches Christmas Festival (Festival of Lights) is held annually in Natchitoches, Louisiana on the first weekend in December.

## History

The Christmas festival is expanded throughout the community each year but is centered on the historic district of Natchitoches. The festival is a major tourist attraction for the area, drawing an estimated 100,000 visitors annually. It can be difficult to find a hotel, pushing many visitors into neighboring cities such as Winnfield and Alexandria. Hotel prices can often jump into the hundreds for those who failed to make reservations. Front street, Jefferson, and Second Street constitute the main route of the Christmas Parade. The festival has been held the first Saturday in December since 1927, except 1941–44. This year's festival celebrates 94 years of existence.
The official premiere of the Festival occurs on the first Saturday of December. Events include an early afternoon parade, an arts & crafts show, food booths along the river front selling Louisiana cuisine, including the famous Natchitoches meat pie, live entertainment, and a spectacular evening fireworks show accompanied with music and a laser show. At the end of the fireworks display (the best in the State of Louisiana), the lights along Cane River are switched on – a display of 300,000+ lights and 100+ riverbank set pieces. The lights continue to brighten the Cane River until after New Year's Day.
Country music singer Frank Foster was the Grand Marshal for 2013, appearing in the parade and giving a performance on December 7, along with the Northwestern State University Marching Band, several high school marching bands, dance teams from around Louisiana, the winners of local beauty pageants including Miss Merry Christmas and the Christmas Belles, and, of course, Santa Claus. Schools as far away as Beaumont, Texas, have been known to send their marching bands to participate in the parade.
The Natchitoches Christmas Festival has appeared in several films, including Steel Magnolias, set in Natchitoches.
It is also a part of the Holiday Trail of Lights.
# Precision Tech Fergy

The Precision Tech Fergy F-II B is a two-seat side-by-side, conventional landing gear, strut-braced, high-wing, pusher configuration ultralight aircraft that was manufactured by Ferguson Aircraft and later Precision Tech Aircraft in kit form for amateur construction. The aircraft is out of production and no longer available.

## Design and development

The Fergy was developed from the Kolb Mark III and introduced to the market in 1991. Reviewer Andre Cliche describes it as a "clone", whilst Noel Bertrand et al. claim it was "inspired by the Kolb Twinstar". The aircraft differs from the Kolb design in that it has a revised cockpit pod, with centerline-hinged doors and a square-tipped rudder. The horizontal stabilizer was also raised a few inches to give better ground clearance.
The aircraft is constructed from aluminium tubing, covered with aircraft fabric. The wings fold for storage or trailering. The standard engine supplied with the kit was the 50 hp (37 kW) Rotax 503, with the liquid-cooled 64 hp (48 kW) Rotax 582 optional, although the Fergie can accept engines that range in output from 50 to 80 hp (37 to 60 kW).
The average construction time from the kit was reported by the manufacturer as 350 hours and 40 had been completed by 2001.

## Operational history

The Fergie won the Grand Champion title at Sun 'n Fun in 1991.

## Specifications (Precision Tech Fergy)

Data from Kitplanes and Cliche
General characteristics
* Crew: one
* Capacity: one passenger
* Length: 18 ft 8 in (5.7 m)
* Wingspan: 29 ft 6 in (8.99 m)
* Wing area: 140 sq ft (13 m$^2$)
* Empty weight: 400 lb (181 kg)
* Gross weight: 1,000 lb (454 kg)
* Fuel capacity: 12.5 US gallons (47 litres)
* Powerplant: 1 × Rotax 503 twin-cylinder, two-stroke aircraft engine, 50 hp (37 kW)
* Propellers: 3-bladed ground adjustable
Performance
* Maximum speed: 90 mph (140 km/h, 78 kn)
* Cruise speed: 75 mph (121 km/h, 65 kn)
* Stall speed: 28 mph (45 km/h, 24 kn)
* Range: 220 mi (350 km, 190 nmi)
* Rate of climb: 1,000 ft/min (5.1 m/s)
* Wing loading: 7.14 lb/sq ft (34.9 kg/m$^2$)
Avionics
* none
# Mind Thrust

Mind Thrust is a 1981 video game published by Tandy Corporation.

## Gameplay

Mind Thrust is a game in which the player defeats the computer by either removing all playing pieces of the opponent, or by creating a chain of pieces that covers the width of the board.

## Reception

Barbour Stokes reviewed the game for Computer Gaming World, and stated that "The rules and plays of Mind Thrust are easily and quickly learned making it an excellent home demonstration game to make believers out of those non-gamers and non-computerists that may drop in."
# N-Hydroxypiperidine

N-Hydroxypiperidine (also known as 1-piperidinol and 1-hydroxypiperidine) is the chemical compound with formula C$_5$H$_{11}$NO. It is a hydroxylated derivative of the heterocyclic compound piperidine.

## Preparation

N-Hydroxypiperidine can be prepared from the application of meta-chloroperoxybenzoic acid and methanol to the tertiary amine product of acrylonitrile and piperidine, followed by heating with acetone of the resulting tertiary N-oxide.

## Reactions

N-Hydroxypiperidine is a secondary amine, which can undergo an oxidation reaction with hydrogen peroxide in methanol as the solvent. This produces a nitrone, which is heteroatomic equivalent to a ketone with a nitrogen instead of an alpha carbon. Competing elimination reactions can occur, as well.
# Precision attachment

In restorative dentistry, precision attachments are the functional mechanical parts of the removable partial denture made of plastic, metal or a combination of both. They consist of two parts referred as the 'male' part that is fixed to a crown inside the patient's mouth and a 'female' part which holds the partial denture.
The patient can insert and remove the partial dentures and the aim of the precision attachment is to give the patient maximum comfort and ease while wearing, inserting or removing.
# A Century in Stone

A Century in Stone is a 2004 documentary film by Craig Hornby. It tells the story of how the discovery of ironstone at Eston in 1850 sparked the transformation of Teesside from rural backwater to iron-making capital of the world.
Craig Hornby was awarded a prestigious £75,000 NESTA fellowship award to fund the film. Further funding totalling £28,000 came from Northern Arts, Redcar & Cleveland Borough Council, Northern Film & Media, UK Trade & Investment, Teesside University and Middlesbrough Council.
Launched in 2004, "A Century in Stone" attracted thousands to clubs and halls across Teesside before becoming the first local film to be shown at a mainstream cinema chain on Teesside. In its first week at UGC Middlesbrough (now Cineworld), it outsold all the other films leading to an extended run of 18 days.
In November 2004, the film and director were featured at Sheffield DocFest as part of a seminar on independent film-making.
At Xmas 2004, the film became a DVD/VHS bestseller in stores across Teesside. Sales to date exceed 15,000.
In August 2005, the film opened at Dendy Cinemas in Sydney Harbour due to Sydney Harbour Bridge being made with Cleveland ironstone/Teesside Steel by Dorman Long of Middlesbrough in 1932. This was followed with screenings in Brisbane, Melbourne, Fremantle, Adelaide and Newcastle NSW.
In 2010, the film was selected by the British Film Institute for screening at the BFI Mediatheques on London's South Bank and around the UK.
In 2010, audio extracts from the film and interviews on Eston Nab with Craig Hornby were featured in a BBC Radio 4 'Archive on 4' documentary entitled 'Redcar – Made of Steel'. This was produced with Teesside-born actor Felicity Finch in the wake of the first closure of the Redcar Blast Furnace.
On 16th September 2024, the film returned to Cineworld Middlesbrough for a single screening to mark a double anniversary: 75 years since the end of Eston mine and the 20 years since the film was first shown there. An audience of 229 attended and a 'Last Shift' slideshow and Q&A followed with director Craig Hornby.
# Paco Toronjo

Francisco Antonio Toronjo Arreciado (Alosno, June 13, 1928 – Huelva, 1998), known as Paco Toronjo, was a Spanish flamenco singer.
He learned to sing local traditional folk music in his home town of Alosno. He left his province when he was 20 years old to become a professional musician. At the beginning of his musical career he sang with his brother, Pepe Toronjo, as a duet. They were known as "Hermanos Toronjo"(Toronjo Brothers), and were the first to record "Sevillanas".
After his brother's death he started to develop and record his own style of "fandango", which was very dramatic, with lyrics based on his own life. He sang about the sorrows he had experienced and used the "Siguiriyas" style as a way of increasing the emotional intensity of his work.
This style, along with his rasping singing voice, propelled him to become one of the most respected fandango singers of his generation. In his later years, when he was living in the city of Huelva, he became well known for his bohemian lifestyle.
He appeared in two movies by the Spanish film director Carlos Saura:"Sevillanas" and "Flamenco".
He died in 1998; since then several monuments have been built to remember him in his home province and a complete biography had been released.
# Mount Teon

Mount Teon is an elongated island in the Banda Sea, Indonesia. Explosive eruptions have been recorded from the volcano since the seventeenth century.
# Hetepti (king's mother)

Hetepti {ḥtp.tj} is a woman holding the title King's Mother and believed to be the mother of king Amenemhat IV, who ruled at the end of the Twelfth Dynasty of the Middle Kingdom in Ancient Egypt.

## Family

We know almost nothing about King's Mother Hotepti, except that she may have been the mother of king Amenemhat IV. While holding the title King's Mother, she is not known to hold titles like King's Daughter, King's Sister, or King's Wife, indicating she was part of the royal family. Instead, the title indicate that she came from a non-royal and formed a new branch of the royal line.
The relationship between Amenemhat III and his successor Amenemhat IV, who was born to King's Mother Hotepti, is unclear. Amenemhat III is not known for his sons, but his daughters. Amenemhat IV does not seem to be a first rank son of Amenemhat III, but he may have been a son-in-law which created the title King's Mother for Hotepti when Amenemhat IV was appointed junior coregent in the final year of Amenemhat III.

## Attestation

She is only known from a depiction in the temple of Medinet Madi, that was built and decorated under Amenemhat III and his successor Amenemhat IV. There she is simply king's mother, united with the white crown, lady of the two lands and noble lady (iry-pat) in a context where it is clear that she was the mother of Amenemhat IV. The inscription is partly destroyed. It is possible that parts of her titles are missing, but also parts of her name might be destroyed.
Block, Amenemhat III temple in Medinet Madi Mentions Amenemhat III {nj-mꜣꜥt-rꜥ jmn-m-ḥꜣt}, Hotepti {jrjt-pꜥt; mwt-nsw; ẖnmt nfr ḥḏt ḥtp.tj} and Neferuptah {jrjt-pꜥt; sꜣt-nsw nfrw-ptḥ}.
# Preeksa

Preeksa is a village in Rõuge Parish, Võru County in Estonia.
# Pammenes

Pammenes may refer to:
* Pammenes of Thebes (fl. 4th century BC), Theban general
* Pammenes of Marathon (fl. 1st century BC), Athenian statesman
* Pammenes (astrologer) (fl. 1st century CE), Greek astrologer associated with the Roman politician Publius Rufus Anteius
# Preemergent herbicide

Preemergent herbicides are a form of chemical weed control which prevent germinated weed seedlings from becoming established.
In some areas of the world, they are used to prevent crabgrass from appearing in lawns. Preemergent herbicides are applied to lawns in the spring and autumn, to prevent the establishment of weed seeds. They will not affect any established plant. In the spring, they should be applied when air temperatures reach 65–70 °F for four consecutive days. In the autumn, they should be applied when nighttime lows reach 55–60 °F for four consecutive nights.
"Weed and feed" products which contain both preemergent herbicide and fertilizer in a single product should not be used on southern lawns or warm-season grasses. If applied when preemergent herbicide is needed, the fertilizer may burn or stress the lawn. If applied after the lawn "green-up", weed seeds will have already germinated and the herbicide will be ineffective. Preemergants do not prevent seeds from germinating, they prevent cell division, and prevent vital parts of the weed from forming

## Brands

| Brand | Ingredient | Prevents |
| Barricade | prodiamine | crabgrass |
| Dimension | dithiopyr | crabgrass |
| Dimension 750 | dimethyl tetrachloroterephthalate | |
| Pendulum | pendimethalin | crabgrass |
| Pestanal | dimethyl tetrachloroterephthalate | |
| Surflan | oryzalin | crabgrass |
| Tupersan | siduron | crabgrass |

## Crabgrass

To prevent growth of crabgrass, preemergent herbicides must be applied at a critical time. If they are applied to the soil too early, they get washed too deep into the soil or washed away by rainwater. If they are applied too late, the key enzyme inhibited is no longer active. The best control requires a second application about 6–8 weeks later. This provides coverage in mid-late summer when crabgrass can still germinate. Depending on location, one rule of thumb is to apply when the local forsythia blooms are wilting. In the northeast, they need to be applied before azaleas bloom.
# Nanaka

Nanaka may refer to:
* Nanaka 6/17, a manga
* former name of Nana, Rajasthan, a village in India
# Hero Vardiwala

Hero Vardiwala is an Indian, Bhojpuri-language, action crime thriller streaming television series on ALTBalaji which is based on the famous novel Vardiwala Gunda by Ved Prakash Sharma. It is the first ever web series made in Bhojpuri language. The series stars Dinesh Lal Yadav A.K.A Nirahua as the protagonist along with Amrapali Dubey.

## Cast

* Dinesh Lal Yadav "Nirahua"
* Amrapali Dubey
* Ritu Singh
* Sambhavna Seth

## Reception

According to Tarun Agarwal of The Quint, the series "clearly shows the image of real politics."
# I'll Do It All Over Again

"I'll Do It All Over Again" is a song written by Bob McDill and Wayland Holyfield, and recorded by American country music artist Crystal Gayle. It was released in March 1977 as the third single from the album Crystal. The song reached number 2 on the Billboard Hot Country Singles & Tracks chart.

## Charts
### Weekly charts

| Chart (1977) | Peak position |
| US Hot Country Songs (Billboard) | 2 |
| Canadian RPM Country Tracks | 3 |

### Year-end charts

| Chart (1977) | Position |
| US Hot Country Songs (Billboard) | 22 |

## Covers

Later in 1977, Ava Barber released a cover of the song.
# Heyang

Heyang in Chinese might be represented in different characters referring to
合陽/合阳
河陽/河阳
* The historical name of Mengzhou, Henan province.
* Heyang Township in Guizhou Province (zh:河阳乡)
# Irfan Ismail (Quetta cricketer)

Mohammad Irfan Ismail (born 20 September 1988) is a Pakistani cricketer who has played first-class matches for Quetta and limited overs matches for the Quetta Bears.
From Quetta, a city in Balochistan, Irfan played inter-district matches for the Quetta under-19s from 2006, graduating to the Quetta District senior side in 2008. He made his limited-overs debut for the Quetta Bears franchise in March 2008, during the 2007–08 season of the ABN-AMRO Cup. A left-arm orthodox spinner and left-handed lower-order batsman, Irfan took three wickets from four matches at the tournament, with his best figures, 2/37 from 9.1 overs, coming against the Lahore Lions.
Irfan made his first-class debut for Quetta the following season, against the Karachi Blues in the Quaid-i-Azam Trophy. He took only a single wicket on debut, and in the next game (his last), against Multan, he went wicketless. He consequently has a first-class average of 135.00. Mohammad Irfan Ismail (born 1992), another left-arm orthodox-spinner, also made a first-class appearance for Quetta during the 2008–09 season. To avoid confusion, Irfan Ismail (born 1988), the subject of this article, is sometimes referred to as "Irfan Ismail, Sr.", while Irfan Ismail (born 1992) is sometimes referred to as "Irfan Ismail, Jr.".
# Nembrotha rosannulata

Nembrotha rosannulata is a species of colorful sea slug, a dorid nudibranch, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Polyceridae. It was first described in 2008.

## Distribution

This species is known only from Eastern Australia (Northern New South Wales and Southern Great Barrier Reef). It is most commonly seen at Cabbage Tree Island, Port Stephens, NSW.

## Description

Nembrotha rosannulata is a large dull green nembrothid that grows to at least 12 cm in length. The body is textured with rounded longitudinal ridges and scattered raised pustules of various sizes. The pustules are black and each is surrounded by a pink ring which give this species its characteristic colour pattern - and name. The rhinophores are black, and the pink rhinophores sheaths are edged in black. The front of the mantle has a pink band which is edged in black, and the oral tentacles are pink with black tips. The gill stalks and branches are pink while the gill pinnae are black.

## Ecology

Present information suggest that this nudibranch feeds exclusively on the stalked ascidian Sigillina cyanea.
# Irving family

The Irving family are the descendants of Samuel Brodribb, (born c. 1800 at Clutton – died in Bristol 20 June 1876), a salesman who collected orders for the tailoring department of a local store, and his wife Mary, née Behenna, (christened 31 January 1808 at Lelant, Cornwall – died 1869), the daughter of a Cornish farming family.
Their son was:
    Sir Henry Irving (1838–1905), born John Brodribb, a notable English stage actor in the Victorian era. He married Florence O'Callaghan on 15 July 1869 at St. Marylebone, London.
Henry Irving was the father of:
      * Laurence Sydney Brodribb Irving (1871–1914), an English actor, dramatist and novelist, who married the actress Mabel Hackney. Their children were:
         * Laurence Irving Brodribb (1903–1988)
         * Dorothy Elizabeth Irving Brodribb (1906–2003).
      * Harry Brodribb Irving (1870–1919), an actor, who married the actress Dorothea Baird. Their children were:
         * Laurence Irving OBE (1897–1988), a Hollywood set designer and art director. He married Rosalind Woolner, the grand-daughter of the Pre-Raphaelite sculptor, Thomas Woolner. Their children are:
            * Pamela Mary Irving (born 22 March 1921).
            * John H. B. Irving (born 1924)
                        * John H. B. Irving's grand-daughter Imogen Irving (b. 15 January 1994) Actor, currently in training.
         * Elizabeth Irving OBE (1904–2003), an actress, the Chairman of the National Federation of Women's Institutes (W.I.) and the founder in 1955 of the Keep Britain Tidy Group. She married Sir Felix John Morgan Brunner, 3rd Bt. Their sons are:
            * Sir John Henry Kilian Brunner, 4th Bt. (b. 1 June 1927)
            * Nicholas Laurence Brodribb Brunner (1 January 1929 – 3 March 1931)
            * Timothy Barnabas Hans Brunner (b. 28 February 1932)
            * Daniel Felix Brodribb Brunner (30 July 1933 – 28 November 1976)
            * Sir Hugo Lawrence Joseph Brunner KCVO (b. 17 August 1935)
# Hippeastrum angustifolium

Hippeastrum angustifolium is a bulbous perennial in the family Amaryllidaceae, native to an area from SE Brazil to Paraguay and NE Argentina.

## Taxonomy

Described by Ferdinand Albin Pax in 1890.
# Piz Bianco

Piz Bianco (also known as Piz Alv) is a minor summit north of Piz Bernina, in the Bernina Range of the Alps. It is located south of Pontresina in the canton of Graubünden.
Culminating at 3,993 metres, Piz Bianco is the highest point of the snowy ridge named Biancograt (or Crast'Alva). The summit is often traversed by climbers on the way to Piz Bernina.
# Preemphasis improvement

In FM broadcasting, preemphasis improvement is the improvement in the signal-to-noise ratio of the high-frequency portion of the baseband, i.e., modulating signal, which improvement results from passing the modulating signal through a preemphasis network before transmission.
The reason that preemphasis is needed is that the process of detecting a frequency-modulated signal in a receiver produces a noise spectrum that rises in frequency (a so-called triangular spectrum). Without preemphasis, the received audio would sound unacceptably noisy at high frequencies, especially under conditions of low carrier-to-noise ratio, i.e., during fringe reception conditions. Preemphasis increases the magnitude of the higher signal frequencies, thereby improving the signal-to-noise ratio. At the output of the discriminator in the FM receiver, a deemphasis network restores the original signal power distribution.
FM improvement factor is the quotient obtained by dividing the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) at the output of an FM receiver by the carrier-to-noise ratio (CNR) at the input of the receiver. When the FM improvement factor is greater than unity, the improvement in the SNR is always obtained at the expense of an increased bandwidth in the receiver and the transmission path.
FM improvement threshold is the point in an FM (frequency modulation) receiver at which the peaks in the RF signal equal the peaks of the thermal noise generated in the receiver. A baseband signal-to-noise ratio of about 30 dB is typical at the improvement threshold, and this ratio improves 1 dB for each decibel of increase in the signal above the threshold.