OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Sturgeon-nosed canoe

The sturgeon-nosed canoe, also known as a Kootenay Canoe or Kootenay-nosed Canoe (Ktunaxa: yaqsuʔmiǂ), is a distinctive canoe style used by the Sinixt, Ktunaxa and Kalispel First Nations in Interior British Columbia and the Pacific Northwest.

## History and design

Scottish botanist David Douglas, the first scientific traveller to visit the Arrow Lakes, wrote about the Sinixt People in his 1827 journal:
   The canoes of the natives here are different in form from any I have seen before ... The under part is made of the fine bark of Pine (Pinus canadensis) and about one foot from the gunwale of birch-bark, sewed with the roots of Cedar (Thuya) and the seams neatly gummed with resin from the pine. They are 10 to 14 ft long, terminating at both ends sharply and bent inwards so much at the mouth that a man of middle size has some difficulty in placing himself in them. One that will carry six persons and their provisions may be carried on the shoulder with little trouble.
The sturgeon-nosed canoe was designed with a reversed prow to be most suitable for travel through bulrushes, and maneuverable in turbulent waters.
Author Eileen Delehanty Pearkes records in her book about the Sinixt, The Geography of Memory, that ethnographer William Elmendorf recorded the process of making a sturgeon-nosed canoe based on a description by Sinixt Nation elder Nancy Wynecoop: "The mature tree must be felled in spring, when the sap is running. The outer bark is scraped off, then the inner bark is split and peeled off the heartwood in one sheet. The outside shape of the canoe is marked on the ground with stakes. Poles used for the gunwales are fastened to these stakes. Next, willow ribs are fastened to the gunwales, using willow bark twine. The bark is then sewn onto the ribs, using cedar root. An additional layer of bark is fastened less securely on to the outer side of the craft. All seams are glued with warm pine pitch. On the bow and stern of the canoe, the bark is folded over rings of willow. Extra layers are added for strength, shaped into a point, and sewn. A frame of woven poles is placed in the bottom of the canoe and covered with loose grass to sit on."
Elmendorf also refers to a ceremony, including dancing, fasting and sweatbathing, held by Sinixt men prior to the building of a new canoe. The purpose of the ceremony was to make the group "more agreeable with each other and focus their energy".
The sturgeon-nose design is unique to North American canoes, but craft of similar design were discovered in the Amur River region of Siberia in the mid-19th century.
# Palmas (music)

Palmas is a handclapping style which plays an essential role in flamenco music. It used to help punctuate and accentuate the song and dance. Palmas can be a substitute for music, such as in the corrillo at the end of a show, and palmistas can assist the musicians by keeping a strong tempo, or the dancer by accentuating the end or beginning of a phrase.

## Types of claps

It is important to be able to make two distinct types of hand claps. These are hard (fuertes, claras, secas) and soft (sordas). Each has a particular sound and is used at a particular time.

### Fuertes

Fuertes are used during intense and loud footwork or during loud musical pieces such as bulerías. The first three (or two) fingers of one hand are held firm and clapped into the outstretched palm of the other. The fingers of the striking hand should point roughly in line with the fingers on the other hand and hit in the bowl of the palm. This should result in a crisp, snappy sound.

### Sordas

Sordas are used during guitar intros, during the singing so as not to drown it out, or during quieter dance phases so as not to distract the dancer. The hands are cupped softly so that the fingers of one hand fit snugly into the gap between the thumb and forefinger of the other so that when the hands are brought together, a muffled pop can be heard.

## Contra-tiempo

Contra-tiempo palmas is a way of clapping between the normal beats in a bar. For instance, filling the space between beats with another beat or clap.
# Independence, Indiana

Independence is a small unincorporated community in Warren Township, Warren County, in the U.S. state of Indiana.

## History

A trading post existed at this location as early as 1811. The village was laid out on October 5, 1832 by Zachariah Cicott, a French-Indian trader and scout for General William Henry Harrison, on Cicott's Reserve, ground that was given to him by the government for his services. A post office was established on March 24, 1834 and closed on January 31, 1950. Now the town uses the post office in nearby Attica, despite the fact that Attica is in a different county.
The first newspaper in the county was produced in Independence, starting in 1844. It was called the Wabash Register and was run by Enos Canutt.

## Geography

Independence is located in the eastern part of the county on the western banks of the Wabash River, about 7 miles (11 km) northeast and upstream of the county seat of Williamsport. The small town of Riverside occupies the opposite bank, which is in Fountain County.
# Nanatsumen

Nanatsumen (七つ面) is a play in the Kabuki repertoire, and one of the celebrated Kabuki Jūhachiban ("Eighteen Great Plays"). The play is known in English as The Seven Masks.
# Pneumodermopsis spoeli

Pneumodermopsis spoeli, also Pneumodermopsis Sp is a species of sea angel, a type of small sea snail of sorts, primarily found in deep, cool oceans.

## Description

The animal is approximately 2–4 cm in size. It composes of translucent 'wings' as well as tentacles inside of its head. The bottom part of its body is curled and has a 'veil' of sorts at the rear. Juring an RNAextraction, a specimen that was collected had a mesh size of 200 μm.

## Distribution

In the northern hemisphere, pneudomodermopsis spoeli has been observed in the Mediterranean Sea, as well as northern European seas. Very few are known to exist. They have been also observed in the southern hemisphere, predominantly in the great barrier reef (Australia).
# 2022 National Society of Film Critics Awards

The 57th National Society of Film Critics Awards, given on 7 January 2023, honored the best in film for 2022.
American film Tár won the most awards with three, including Best Film and Best Actress (Cate Blanchett).

## Winners

Winners are listed in boldface along with the runner-up positions and counts from the final round:

### Best Picture

* Tár (61)
* Aftersun (49)
* No Bears (32)

### Best Director

* Charlotte Wells – Aftersun (60)
* Park Chan-wook – Decision to Leave (47)
* Jafar Panahi – No Bears (36)

### Best Actor

* Colin Farrell – After Yang / The Banshees of Inisherin (71)
* Paul Mescal – Aftersun (55)
* Bill Nighy – Living (33)

### Best Actress

* Cate Blanchett – Tár (59)
* Michelle Yeoh – Everything Everywhere All at Once (38)
* Tilda Swinton – The Eternal Daughter / Michelle Williams – The Fabelmans (27) (TIE)

### Best Supporting Actor

* Ke Huy Quan – Everything Everywhere All at Once (45)
* Brian Tyree Henry – Causeway (35)
* Barry Keoghan – The Banshees of Inisherin (27)

### Best Supporting Actress

* Kerry Condon – The Banshees of Inisherin (57)
* Nina Hoss – Tár (43)
* Dolly de Leon – Triangle of Sadness (35)

### Best Screenplay

* Todd Field – Tár (61)
* Martin McDonagh – The Banshees of Inisherin (42)
* James Gray – Armageddon Time (18)

### Best Cinematography

* Michał Dymek – EO (62)
* Hoyte van Hoytema – Nope (37)
* Kim Ji-yong – Decision to Leave (34)

### Best Film Not in the English Language

* EO (43)
* No Bears (37)
* Decision to Leave (34)

### Best Non-Fiction Film

* All the Beauty and the Bloodshed (46)
* Descendant (40)
* All That Breathes (27)

### Film Heritage Award

* Jeanine Basinger: "one of [the NSFC's] most esteemed and important film scholars, whose work at Wesleyan University and beyond has continually bridged the divide between Hollywood and academia, film studies and movie love."
* Turner Classic Movies: "for a rich array of programming that ranges deep and wide in the history of cinema, a service too easily taken for granted by audiences and worthy of the utmost care and attention from its corporate owners."
* Screen Slate: "published and edited by Jon Dieringer, an essential daily online publication that has done much to build and sustain the filmmaking, theatrical exhibition and film critical communities of New York City and by extension the world at large."

## Dedication

This years awards were dedicated to the late Sheila Benson: "an esteemed Society member and the warmest, most gracious of colleagues. As film critic for the Los Angeles Times and other publications, she wrote about movies with infectious joy and enviable skill."
# Michel Dobry

Michel Dobry (French pronunciation:) is a French political scientist. He has taught at the University of Paris 1 Pantheon-Sorbonne since September 2001.

## Biography

Michel Dobry was born in 1946.
In addition to his duties at the Sorbonne, he is also a member of the editorial board of the Revue française de science politique. Since the 1980s, he has been developing a sociology of political crises. He is particularly interested in the phenomena fascists and the National Front. In 2003, he published an important collective work on these questions entitled The Myth of French Allergy to Fascism, in which several specialists also contributed, such as Bruno Goyet, Didier Leschi, Gisèle Sapiro, Annie Collovald, Robert O. Paxton, Violaine Roussel, Zeev Sternhell and Brian Jenkins.

## Thought and critical reception

Specializing in the analysis of political crises, revolutions and democratic transitions, we owe him the concepts of "fluid political conjuncture" or "collusive transactions" which submits another analysis of legitimacy. Indeed, Michel Dobry proposes a horizontal legitimacy, an alternative to the vertical legitimacy model of Max Weber.
His work Sociology of political crises marks a turning point in the analysis of revolutions by its radically different approach from those usually used in the social sciences and politics.
The myth of the French allergy to fascism published in 2003 under his direction intends to take the opposite view of historians such as René Rémond, Serge Bernstein, Pierre Milza, Michel Winock, Philippe Burrin, who are said to have developed what he calls an "immune thesis" with regard to fascism in France, namely the idea that French society is impervious to fascism, from made the history of the rights in this country. In the review of this book, Jean-Paul Thomas deplores "his ignorance of recent research which has renewed knowledge of the French right".
# Intelsat V F-5

Intelsat V F-5 was a communications satellite operated by COMSAT. Launched in 1982, it was the fifth of fifteen Intelsat V satellites to be launched. The Intelsat V series was constructed by Ford Aerospace, based on the Intelsat V satellite bus. Intelsat V F-5 was part of an advanced series of satellites designed to provide greater telecommunications capacity for Intelsat's global network.

## Satellite

The Intelsat V F-5 satellite was box-shaped, measuring 1.66 by 2.1 by 1.77 metres; solar arrays spanned 15.9 metres tip to tip. The arrays, supplemented by nickel-hydrogen batteries during eclipse, provided 1800 watts of power. The payload housed 21 C-band and 4 Ku-band transponders. It could accommodate 15,000 two-way voice circuits and two TV channels simultaneously. It had a launch mass of 1928 kg. It also carried a Maritime Communications Services (MCS) package for INMARSAT. It cost $87 million (equivalent to $274,680,000 in 2023) and was the 32nd satellite launched by Intelsat. The satellite was deactivated in August 1999.

## Launch

The Intelsat V F-5 satellite was successfully launched into space on 28 September 1982 at 23:17:00 UTC, by means of an Atlas SLV-3D Centaur-D1AR vehicle from the Cape Canaveral Air Force Station, Florida, United States. The launch was originally scheduled for the night of 23 September 1982 but was postponed to 28 October due to a power supply failure in another, identical, satellite. It was launched on 28 September after engineers found the issue was not caused by a design flaw in the satellite. The launch window was from 19:08–21:03 EST.
# Isle of the Senecas

Isle of the Senecas, also called Little Island, is an island in the Mohawk River south of Scotia in Schenectady County, New York.
# Nantat

Nantat is a village in Homalin Township, Hkamti District, in the Sagaing Region of northwestern Burma.
# Hemimarginula subrugosa

Hemimarginula subrugosa is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Fissurellidae, the keyhole limpets and slit limpets.
# Pakistan Flower Show

The Pakistan Flower Show is an annual flower show and a festival held every year in Karachi, Pakistan. It is held at the Sea View Park in Karachi. It is organized by the Horticulture Society of Pakistan. It was established in 1948 and held every year in February. The 60th festival was held on February 26, 2011, the 61st was held on February 23–26, 2012 and the 68th in February 2019 and opened by Humayun Aziz a Pakistan Army General.
# David Karp (novelist)

David Karp (May 5, 1922 – September 11, 1999) was an American novelist and television writer. He also used the pseudonyms Wallace Ware and Adam Singer.

## Life and career

Born in Manhattan, Karp worked for his living from an early age. His employment included selling shirts from an outdoor stand, theatre-ushering, leading a recreation group, and dish-washing. In 1942, he enlisted in the United States Army and served in the Signal Corps in the Philippines and in Japan.
Karp left the Army in 1946 and continued his interrupted education, graduating from the City College of New York in 1948. He started his media career as a continuity writer for a New York radio station and published his first novel in 1952. When writing for television he often tackled controversial topics.
Karp was married to Lillian Klass Karp from 1944 until her death in 1987, after which he married Claire Leighton Karp. He had two sons, Ethan Ross Karp and Andrew Gabriel Karp, both of Los Angeles. He died of emphysema in Pittsfield, Massachusetts.

## Novels

* The Big Feeling (1952)
* The Brotherhood of Velvet (1952)
* One (1953) (a.k.a. Escape to Nowhere)
* Hardman (1953)
* Cry Flesh (1953) (a.k.a. The Girl on Crown Street)
* Platoon (1953) (as Adam Singer)
* The Day of the Monkey (1955)
* All Honorable Men (1956)
* Leave Me Alone (1957)
* Enter Sleeping (1960) (a.k.a. Sleepwalkers)
* The Last Believers (1964)

## Biography

* Vice President in Charge of Revolution (1960) (with Murray D. Lincoln)

## Television work

* The Untouchables (various episodes)
* The Defenders (various episodes)
* The Brotherhood of the Bell (1970 television film)
* Hawkins (1973–1974 television series), creator and writer
* The Plot to Kill Stalin (1958 television play)
# Nasirabad Kulgam

* This article related to a location in Jammu and Kashmir is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
Nasirabad Kulgam is a village in the Kulgam district of Jammu and Kashmir. All the population belong to the Ahmadiyya Muslim Community. The main source of income is employment, agriculture and to some extent the crafts. According to recent census reports the total population of the village is about 2000, which includes 1220 males.
There are 5 schools in this village which provide education to about 2000 students annually. There are 4 mosques and 2 graveyards in this village.
# Indian Radio and Cable Communications Company

The Indian Radio and Cable Communications Company was a subsidiary corporation formed by Imperial and International Communications, Ltd. and the India Radio Telegraph Company in 1932. Its purpose was to operate India's external communications to other countries. The Indian government took over the assets of the company in 1947, placing them into the Ministry of Communications as the Overseas Communications Service.
# I'm Not Easy

"I'm Not Easy" is a song first recorded by American country artist Billie Jo Spears. Written by David Chamberlain and Jim Vest, it was released as a single in 1977 and became top 20 charting country single in the United States. The song also served as the title track to Spears's 1976 studio album.

## Background and recording

In 1975, Billie Jo Spears topped the country charts after years of limited commercial success. Songs liker "Blanket on the Ground", "What I've Got in Mind" and "Misty Blue" reached the country charts top ten. They would be followed by several more top 20 singles during the seventies decade. Among these top 20 recordings was 1977's "I'm Not Easy". It was written by David Chamberlain and Jim Vest. "I'm Not Easy" was produced by Larry Butler in July 1976 at the Jack Clement Recording Studio in Nashville, Tennessee.

## Release, chart performance and reception

"I'm Not Easy" first served as the title track to Spears's 1976 studio album. It was then released as a single in January 1977 on United Artists Records. It was backed on the B-side by a cover of Tammy Wynette's "Too Far Gone". It was distributed as a seven-inch vinyl disc. It debuted on the American Billboard Hot Country Songs chart in January 1977. It reached the number 11 position in March 1977 after spending 13 weeks on the chart. On the Canadian RPM Country Tracks chart, the it climbed to the number 29 position.
In reviewing the I'm Not Easy LP, AllMusic's Greg Adams described the title track as "painfully forlorn".

## Track listing

7" vinyl single
* "I'm Not Easy" – 3:03
* "Too Far Gone" – 3:15

## Charts

Weekly chart performance for "I'm Not Easy" :
| Chart (1976) | Peak position |
| Canada Country Tracks (RPM) | 29 |
| US Hot Country Songs (Billboard) | 11 |
# Heppner

Heppner may refer to:
* Heppner (surname)
* Heppner, Oregon
* Heppner, South Dakota
* Heppner National Forest, in northeast Oregon
# Nana Nkweti

Nana Nkweti is an American Cameroonian writer and the author of the short story collection Walking on Cowry Shells, which won a Whiting Award.

## Education

Nkweti obtained a BA in Political Science from Rutgers University and is assistant professor of creative writing at the University of Alabama. She attended the Iowa Writers' Workshop.

## Career

Her collection of stories, Walking on Cowry Shells, was published by Graywolf in 2021. The New York Times Book Review hailed it as a "raucous and thoroughly impressive debut" with "utterly original stories" that "range from laugh-out-loud funny to heartbreaking, and are often both."
NPR called Nkweti "a linguistic pole vaulter" who "bends language like a master." The Los Angeles Review of Books praised how "Nkweti uses genre tropes to subvert our expectations. She employs the zombie story, the fairy tale, and the confessional in order to invert conventions."
In a profile of Nkweti, Open Country Mag wrote that "the stories also speak to the universal idea of people charting next steps, growing and evolving along the way", going on to note:
   The title “Walking on Cowrie Shells” is a play on the English idiom. She deploys it in the book to embody that sense of being in a threshold, in liminal spaces, of teetering between choices, between cultures or identities. Her characters are tentative; they are about becoming and figuring life out, who they are, who they want to be.
The New Yorker wrote that the stories are "Lively and fast-paced, funny and tragic" and that they "refuse a singular African experience in favor of a vivid plurality."
Nkweti made her television debut as a writer on the episode "Gone" of the series The Walking Dead: The Ones Who Live.

## Publications

* Walking on Cowry Shells (Graywolf, 2021)
# National Voices

National Voices is the leading coalition of health and social care charities in England, formed in 2008. It has more than 200 organisations in membership which represent a diverse range of health conditions and communities. It has a prominent role in representing patients and service users with national policy makers.
National Voices advocates for more inclusive and person centred health and care, shaped by the people who use and need it the most.
National Voices does this by:
* Understanding and advocating for what matters to people especially those living with health conditions and groups who experience inequalities
* Finding common cause across communities and conditions by working with member charities and those they support
* Connecting and convening charities, decision makers and citizens to work together to change health and care for good
In 2013, National Voices and Think Local Act Personal published a UK Department of Health commissioned ‘narrative for Person-Centred Coordinated Care’. The document defined good coordinated care from a patient and service user perspective and led to the production of a number of other ‘narratives’.
National Voices provides secretariat support to the People and Communities Board, one of the Five Year Forward View programme boards.
Jacob Lant is the Chief Executive. National Voices is funded by membership fees, partnership fees, grant funding and consultancy.
In October 2022 it took over the Health Service Journal for a week - a prize in the e-auction the journal ran in March to help people fleeing from Ukraine. Charlotte Augst, former Chief Executive challenged system leaders, the readers of the journal, to "think differently about what is needed to repair the NHS".
In September 2024, National Voices published its five-year strategy for 2024-2029, which detailed three key interconnected priorities for action:
* End unequal access.
* Transfer power to people and communities.
* Shift the measures of success.
# Instituts-Templers

Instituts-Templers is a district of Lleida, Catalonia, Spain. It's made up of different areas between La Mariola, Universitat and the river Segre, mostly working-class, some middle class. "Templers-Escorxador" is located within the portion of medieval Lleida which was once owned by the Knights Templar, hence the name. "Instituts" refers to the oldest public secondary institutes or high-schools of the 20th century town, that dominate the area next to Gardeny. It has undergone serious urban regeneration during the 1990s and especially the 2000s (decade). It had over 15000 inhabitants in 2009. The Battle of Ilerda took place in this area of Roman-era Lleida, then called Ilerda.

## Landmarks

Landmarks include the Templar Gardeny Castle on Gardeny Hill, the Teatre Municipal de l'Escorxador complex on carrer de Lluís Companys, including the Cafè del Teatre and the Aula Municipal del Teatre, next to La Serreta hill, the Peasants Monument, the Acadèmia Mariana and the future Climate Change Museum, the first of its kind in Spain.