OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Palpebral fissure

The palpebral fissure is the elliptic space between the medial and lateral canthi of the two open eyelids. In simple terms, it is the opening between the eyelids. In adult humans, this measures about 10 mm vertically and 30 mm horizontally.

## Variations
### Congenital dysmorphisms

It can be reduced (short, "narrow") in horizontal size by fetal alcohol syndrome and in Williams syndrome. The chromosomal conditions trisomy 9 and trisomy 21 (Down syndrome) can cause the palpebral fissures to be upslanted, whereas Marfan syndrome can cause a downslant. An increase in vertical height can be seen in genetic disorders such as cri-du-chat syndrome.

### Acquired

The fissure may be increased in vertical height in Graves' disease, which is manifested as Dalrymple's sign. It is seen in disorders such as cri-du-chat syndrome.
In animal studies using four times the therapeutic concentration of the ophthalmic solution latanoprost, the size of the palpebral fissure can be increased. The condition is reversible. Latanoprost is a prostaglandin F receptor agonist.
# Pharmacy Building

The Pharmacy Building is located at 1601 Southwest Jefferson Avenue on the Oregon State University campus in Corvallis, Oregon, United States.
# Orchards Academy

Orchards Academy (formerly Swanley Comprehensive School and then Swanley Technology College) is a mixed comprehensive secondary school located in Swanley in South East England.
The school was converted to academy status on 1 November 2010 and was renamed Orchards Academy. It is now part of the Kemnal Academies Trust (a Multi Academy Trust that oversees a number of secondary and primary schools across England). It was previously a foundation school and Technology College administered by Kent County Council. However Orchards Academy continues to coordinate with Kent County Council for admissions.
Orchards Academy offers GCSEs, BTECs and City and Guilds courses as programmes of study for pupils. The school had a sixth form for students aged 16 to 18 which closed in September 2021.
Orchards Academy is managed by a headteacher and senior leadership team with oversight from a board of directors.

## Notable former pupils

* Janice Hadlow — former controller BBC 2, author
* Crispian St. Peters — singer and guitarist
* Mark Steel — columnist and comedian
* Mike Stock — songwriter and record producer
* Ruben Loftus-Cheek — footballer for AC Milan and England
# Huff paste

Huff paste is a stiff pie shell (or coffyn) made using a mixture of flour, suet, and boiling water. The pastry when cooked creates a tough protective layer around the food inside. When cooked, the pastry is generally discarded as it is virtually inedible. However, the shell becomes soaked with the meat juices and historically was sometimes eaten by house servants after the meal had concluded.
Huff paste's main purpose is simply to create a solid container for the pie's ingredients. The flour itself is stronger than normal flour, often made from coarsely ground rye, and suet, which is mixed with hot water to create what was an early form of hot water crust pastry.
Huff paste can be moulded into a variety of shapes, called coffyns or coffers, similar to a Cornish pasty. A benefit of these early pies was that meat could be preserved for several months and the food contained within was protected from contamination. It also allowed food to be preserved so that country dwellers could send it over long distances as gifts to their friends in other towns or areas.
Shells of huff paste can also be baked empty, or "blind". After baking, the pastry is brushed with egg yolk to give it a golden color, and later filled with a mixture of meat and spices and then baked.
A dish from Wiltshire, called the Devizes pie, is layered forcemeat or offal cooked under a huff paste.
# Mrs. David Wright's Guard

Mrs. David Wright's Guard was an all-woman militia raised by the Patriots in Massachusetts during the American Revolutionary War. The Guard were an armed force of 30 to 40 women who guarded the Nashua River crossings to prevent the movement of Loyalist couriers.

## History

The Guard was raised in Pepperell, Massachusetts shortly after the outbreak of the American Revolutionary War in April 1775 and was composed entirely of women, the men having been called away to fight at the Battle of Concord. It was named after Prudence Cummings Wright, who formed the unit on her own initiative and was elected its first captain and commander. Wright was a 35-year-old mother of six whose husband David was a private in the Massachusetts militia. She was born in nearby Hollis, New Hampshire and was very familiar with the town; her father had been town clerk for 22 years and she visited regularly. She was visiting her mother in Hollis when she overheard her two brothers talking to Loyalist Leonard Whiting, and she discovered that he was planning to meet with British spies near Groton, Massachusetts; they were travelling from Canada and Whiting was to guide them to Boston.
Wright returned to Pepperell and hastily formed a militia from her female friends. She chose Sarah Shattuck from Groton to be her lieutenant, and the guard numbered between 30 and 40 women from the local area.
One night, the Guard were dressed in men's clothing and armed with guns and pitchforks, stationed at Jewett's Bridge over the Nashua River between Pepperell and Groton. They were hidden by a curve in the road and were able to surprise a horseman attempting to cross the river who proved to be Leonard Whiting. They captured him and found incriminating papers, and they detained him overnight in Solomon Rodgers' tavern in Pepperell. Whiting was delivered to the Groton Committee of Safety the next day. The papers were sent to the Committee of Safety in Cambridge, Massachusetts.
The militia was not paid by the state, as its members were all women. However a Pepperell town committee granted funds to the members of the Guard in 1777 in compensation for their service.

## Other known guard members

* Sarah Hartwell Shattuck (Mrs. Job Shattuck) 1738–1798. A103108, age 37, lieutenant. Buried at Groton.
* Mrs. Susanna Quailes, age 25 (3 Dec. 1749 - 28 Aug. 1775) Susanna lived only 11 days after the death of her 18 month old baby. Buried ar Groton.
* Elizabeth Hobart (age 17) (18 July 1753 - 21 January 1843) Centograph in Walton Cemetery, buried in Petersham, MA [daughter of Nehemiah Hobart, town clerk, selectman, & committee of correspondence: A#055896] Elizabeth later married Joseph Heald., Squire, town clerk, & Rep to General Court.
* Mrs. Jonathan Shattuck, also burned tea before the church door. Likely name = Abia[h]
* "Rebecca" Chamberlain Shattuck (22 April 1740 - 13 March 1817) Buried Woodlawn Cemetery, Pepperell, MA;
* A Great- Aunt of Capt. Phineas Adams, name unknown.
# 1985 European Athletics Indoor Championships – Women's high jump

The women's high jump event at the 1985 European Athletics Indoor Championships was held on 3 March.

## Results

| Rank | Name | Nationality | 1.75 | 1.80 | 1.85 | 1.90 | 1.94 | 1.97 | 2.00 | Result |
| | Stefka Kostadinova | Bulgaria | – | o | o | o | xo | xo | xxx | 1.97 |
| | Susanne Helm | East Germany | o | o | o | xo | xo | xxx | | 1.94 |
| | Danuta Bułkowska | Poland | – | – | o | o | xxx | | | 1.90 |
| 4 | Susanne Lorentzon | Sweden | o | o | o | xo | xxx | | | 1.90 |
| 5 | Brigitte Rougeron | France | o | o | xxo | xxo | xxx | | | 1.90 |
| 6 | Andrea Mátay | Hungary | – | o | o | xxx | | | | 1.85 |
| 7 | Sabine Skvara | Austria | xo | o | xo | xxx | | | | 1.85 |
| 8 | Maryse Éwanjé-Épée | France | – | o | xxx | | | | | 1.80 |
| 9 | Susanne Nilsson | Sweden | xxo | o | xxx | | | | | 1.80 |
# Mazaruni

Mazaruni may refer to:
* Mazaruni River in Guyana
* SS Mazaruni, Guyanese cargo ship
# Peshawar school attack

Peshawar school attack may refer to:
* 2014 Peshawar school massacre
* 2020 Peshawar school bombing
# Murder of Hanna Charlotta Bäcklund

The Hanna Charlotta Backlund case involves the murder of a 27-year-old Swedish woman named Hanna Charlotta Bäcklund on the northern tip of the island of Phuket, Thailand on March 14, 2008.
On the afternoon of the day of her death, Bäcklund asked her travel companion to join her for a walk on the beach but her friend stayed at the grounds of the hotel on Mai Khao beach, where they camped in a tent. When Backlund failed to return, the friend went looking for her and found her body in the sand. She was attacked and, after fighting back, stabbed in the neck. Furthermore, she had apparent knife wounds on her body and her left hand. Police said they feared any clues left in the sand had been washed away by waves.
On March 18, 2008, Thai police issued a warrant for the arrest of 31-year-old Akaradet Thatchai Tankay, a Moken sea gypsy who police believe murdered Hanna. Described as a pool cleaner and gardener, police received reports of his tendency to spy on female tourists on the beach and believed he had fled to the Chumphon region of Thailand. Later, on the night of March 18, 2008, police arrested Akkaradej "Chon" Tunkae at Ranong Kraburi district with the assistance of the suspect's father and relatives after he had made contact with them from Burma expressing a desire to surrender. It has been reported that he has admitted to stabbing and killing Backlund after he failed to rape her.
# Min Jiang-class minelayer

The Min Jiang-class minelayer is a class of minelayers in service with the Republic of China Navy (ROCN) built by Lung Teh Shipbuilding.

## Naming

The vessels are referred to as the Min Jiang-class by the media. However, the official class designation remains unknown. The first vessel is designated FMLB-I, with FMLB standing for Fast Mine Laying Boat. It is assumed that the other minelayers have a similar designation

## Design

The Min Jiang-class displaces 347 tons at full load, with a maximum speed of 14 knots. Length is 41m, width is 8.8m and draft is 1.7m.
The vessels have a precision automatic mine laying system. In addition to its mines, the vessels are equipped with a T-75 cannon and T74 machine guns. These are most likely intended to be used in the anti-aircraft role or against small boat swarms

## Service history

The first vessel was launched in August 2020 at Lung Teh Shipbuilding's Yilan County Shipyard.
The second vessel was delivered in September 2021, and the ROCN took delivery of the third and fourth vessel in December 2021.
The Min Jiang-class replaced converted amphibious landing craft in the minelaying role.
# Pharmacy Competition and Consumer Choice Act of 2011

The Pharmacy Competition and Consumer Choice Act of 2011 (H.R. 1971) is the legislation that was introduced in the 112th United States Congress on May 24, 2011, with the full title of the bill stating to "amend the Public Health Service Act to ensure transparency and proper operation of pharmacy benefit managers". The chief sponsor of the legislation was Republican Cathy McMorris Rodgers (R-WA5), while other notable co-sponsors include Democrat Anthony Weiner (D-NY9), Republican Austin Scott (R-GA8), Democrat Jesse Jackson, Jr. (D-IL2) and Republican Tom Marino (R-PA10).

## Support

Support for the bill came from the National Community Pharmacists Association (NCPA). In a press release dated on May 24, 2011, NCPA writes that the bill would protect patients' ability to go to the pharmacy of their choice, eliminate needless pharmaceutical spending and allow legitimate anti-fraud oversight, while avoiding abusive pharmacy audits.

## Opposition

Opposition to the bill came from the Pharmaceutical Care Management Association (PCMA), with arguing that in efforts to carve drugstores out of the national fight against health care fraud, independent drugstores are demanding new laws to limit the use of audits and other tools used to detect pharmacy fraud. They state that with 93% of community pharmacy revenue being derived from prescriptions versus the front-end, those pharmacists also share a greater sensitivity to any changes in prescription drug reimbursement, and consequently any changes in federal or state programs would disproportionately affect these small-business owners.

## Controversy

On April 24, 2012, Americans for Tax Reform and the Cost of Government Center sent a letter to the legislation's chief sponsor, Cathy McMorris Rodgers, arguing that H.R. 1971 takes the wrong approach to pharmaceutical industry oversight reform while preventing pharmaceutical benefit managers from investigating and stopping prescription drug fraud as well as medicare fraud, waste and abuse. However, McMorris Rodgers responded that the bill would increase competition and promote transparency, and it would make the delivery of pharmacy services much more efficient.
# Head shadow

A head shadow (or acoustic shadow) is a region of reduced amplitude of a sound because it is obstructed by the head. It is an example of diffraction.
Sound may have to travel through and around the head in order to reach an ear. The obstruction caused by the head can account for attenuation (reduced amplitude) of overall intensity as well as cause a filtering effect. The filtering effects of head shadowing are an essential element of sound localisation—the brain weighs the relative amplitude, timbre, and phase of a sound heard by the two ears and uses the difference to interpret directional information.
The shadowed ear, the ear further from the sound source, receives sound slightly later (up to approximately 0.7 ms later) than the unshadowed ear, and the timbre, or frequency spectrum, of the shadowed sound wave is different because of the obstruction of the head.
The head shadow causes particular difficulty in sound localisation in people suffering from unilateral hearing loss. It is a factor to consider when correcting hearing loss with directional hearing aids.
# Montie

Montie is a given name and surname. Notable people with the name include:
* Montie Brewer (born 1957), former president and CEO of Air Canada
* Montie Montana (1910–1998), American rodeo trick rider and trick roper, actor, stuntman and cowboy born Owen Harlen Mickel
* Montie Rissell (born 1959), American serial killer and rapist
* Irene Montie (1921–2018), American statistician
# IFCPF Women's World Cup

The IFCPF Women's World Cup is the main world competition of CP football for women's teams.

## History

The first-ever IFCPF Women's World Cup was held in 2022 in Salou, Spain.
* 2022 IFCPF Women's World Cup' results:
* United States: 10 pts
* Australia: 9 pts
* Japan: 7 pts
* Netherlands: 3 pts
* Spain: 0 pts
# Galerie Gmurzynska

Galerie Gmurzynska is a commercial art gallery based in Zurich, Switzerland, specializing in modern and contemporary art and work by the Russian avant-garde. It became a popular venue for international collectors seeking Russian art that was banned by the Soviet regime, and, according to Artnet, became the "go-to place for Russian art for international collectors".
The gallery buys and sells mostly works by modern and contemporary artists. It also sells pieces at art fairs by artists such as Pablo Picasso, Kurt Schwitters, Fernand Léger, Lyonel Feininger, Robert and Sonia Delaunay, Stallone and Fernando Botero. The gallery works with the estates of Yves Klein, Wifredo Lam, Louise Nevelson, and Robert Indiana among others. It also arranged for an exhibition of Sylvester Stallone at the Museum of Modern Art in Nice in 2015 and hosts the artwork of fashion designer Karl Lagerfeld and the architect Richard Meier.
The gallery also publishes books and catalogues for its exhibitions.

## Controversies
### Edelman v Gmurzynska insurance dispute

Between 2007 and 2009, the gallery was involved in a dispute with dealer Asher B. Edelman, who had loaned a work to Gmurzynska that was returned damaged. Gmurzynska was accused of ignoring the claim. In 2009, a U.S. district court judge awarded Edelman a default judgment of $765,000 to which Gmurzynska failed to respond, leading four of the Gmurzynska's paintings to be seized at the Miami Beach Art Fair and held for two days until the gallery paid the judgment. Edelman was awarded an additional $250,000 for what the judge described as the gallery's "wilful conduct" in the matter, i.e. their failure to respond to the lawsuit. Gmurzynska disputed any wrongdoing, stating that "the gallery never received any notice that Mr. Edelman had applied for a default judgment".
# Old Oak

Old Oak, also known as the Elijah Bull House is a c. 1830 Federal style house, located at 6115 Wing Lake Road in Bloomfield Township, Michigan. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2022.

## History

In 1821, Austin Eli Wing acquired 130 acres of property on the shore of what is now Wing Lake. In 1829, he moved to Monroe, Michigan and met the young Elijah Bull. Bull, born in 1801, had just moved to Michigan with his wife Melinda from New York State. In late 1829, Wing sold Bull half of his property; Bull purchased further acreage from a neighbor in 1830. The Bulls moved to this Bloomfield Township in late 1829 or 1830 and constructed a house. Although the exact construction of that house is unknown, the existence of thick interior stone walls in the current structure suggests that the Bulls had a smaller fieldstone dwelling that was later incorporated into the larger house.
Elijah Bull took an active role in the early development of Bloomfield Township, serving as Bloomfield Township's Overseer of Road Districts, school commissioner, school inspector, and Commissioner of Highways. He had five children with his wife Melinda, and married his second wife Mary Ellen in 1841. He lived in this house until his death in 1871. In 1874, his son William sold the farm and house to a neighbor, William P. Durkee. He transferred the farm to his son Walter P. Durkee in 1878; it then passed to William's daughter Hattie Durkee Horn, who sold it to Jefferson M. and Mary Thurber in 1893.
Jefferson Thurber was a businessman and likely never lived on the farm; rather, his son Thomas lived in the house and ran the farm. In 1925, Jefferson M. Thurber sold the farm to a development corporation, the Wing Lake Land Company, who parceled the property into 70 lots. The lot containing the house was purchased by coal company owner John. W. Gillette, Jr. and his wife Louise in 1926; the couple modernized the house, adding interior plumbing and electricity. In 1962, the house was sold to Bill and Nancy Sanders Chickering, and in 1975 to Marilyn and Gerald Tuchow. The Tuchows lived in the house through at least 2022.

## Description

The Elijah Bull House is located on a large grassy lot with a massive heritage white oak tree in the front yard. Near the main house are a well and cistern, dating from the 1830s, a well house (post-1860), and a two-story, wood-frame garage built in 1990. The lot slopes, with the house built into the slope such that it has a walk-in lower level.
The Elijah Bull House is a rectangular, five-bay, two-and-one-half story timber frame Federal style house with a shallow side-gabled roof covered with cedar shakes. It is clad with clapboard with cornerboards and rests on a multicolored split fieldstone foundation. A plain cornice is located beneath the eaves and two brick chimneys rise from the roof.
# I'm an Explosive

I'm an Explosive is a 1933 British comedy film directed by Adrian Brunel and starring William Hartnell, Gladys Jennings and Eliot Makeham. In the film, the son of an inventor is believed to have accidentally drunk an explosive liquid.

## Production

The film was a Quota quickie made at Nettlefold Studios in Walton-on-Thames by the producer George Smith and distributed by Fox, enabling it to meet the annual quota for handling British films imposed by the government. It was based on a novel by Gordon Phillips. Despite its low budget and short running time the film proved a considerable hit with audiences on its general release.

## Cast

* William Hartnell as Edward Whimperley
* Gladys Jennings as Anne Pannell
* Eliot Makeham as Professor Whimperly
* D. A. Clarke-Smith as Lord Ferndale
* Sybil Grove as Miss Harriman
* Harry Terry as Mould
* George Dillon as Shilling
* Adele Blanche as French Girl
# Murdo McDougall

Murdo McDougall was a Scottish football manager and former player. He was joint manager of the Icelandic national team in 1946.
# Motherland Democratic Coalition

Motherland Democratic Coalition (Ekh Oron-Ardchilal) was a coalition of political parties in Mongolia for the 2004 legislative elections.
Member parties were:
* Democratic Party
* Motherland Party
* Civic Will Party
They received 474,977 votes (44.27%) and 35 seats in the State Great Khural.
# Opportune Aymadji

Opportune Aymadji is a Chadian filmmaker and politician. She is a Patriotic Salvation Movement (MPS) Member of the National Assembly. In July 2015 she unsuccessfully attempted to become MPS Regional Secretary General for Logone Oriental.

## Films

* Tatie Pouvait Vivre, 1995.
# Mugali

The Mugali are a remote Tibetan Buddhist tribe in Nepal who speak the main dialect of the Mugom language. There have been attempts to create public health materials for them that take into account their culture.

## Sources

* short page on health initiative with the Mugali
* This article about an ethnic group in Asia is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
# Carrick, Cumnock and Doon Valley

Carrick, Cumnock and Doon Valley, may refer to:
* Carrick, Cumnock and Doon Valley (Scottish Parliament constituency)
* Carrick, Cumnock and Doon Valley (UK Parliament constituency)
# Maya Beach Village

Maya Beach Village is a village in the Stann Creek District of Belize located on the Placencia Peninsula, between Riversdale Village and Seine Bight. Based on the 2010 national census, Maya Beach has a population of 225 year round residents. The village is home to a number of resorts, boutique hotels, and vacation homes.
The village is often considered a part of the peninsula's largest community and namesake, Placencia, which is a short drive from the village. Maya Beach is served by the Placencia Airport, with the closest international hub being Philip S. W. Goldson International Airport in Belize City.

## Demographics

At the time of the 2010 census, Maya Beach had a population of 229. Of these, 39.3% were Caucasian, 35.8% Mestizo, 8.7% Mopan Maya, 7.9% Mixed, 1.7% Asian, 1.7% Ketchi Maya, 1.3% African, 1.3% Creole, 0.4% East Indian, 0.4% Yucatec Maya, 0.4% Mennonite and 0.4% others.
# Phillip Joll

Phillip Joll (born 14 March 1954) is a Welsh operatic baritone known for his portrayal of Wotan in Wagner's Der Ring des Nibelungen.
Born 14 March 1954 in Merthyr Tydfil, Joll was a pupil at Cyfarthfa High School, before joining the Royal Northern College of Music. He graduated from the National Opera Studio in London. Joll has appeared with the English and Welsh National Operas. He appears in a wide variety of roles in the German and Italian repertoire in roles such as Simon Boccanegra, Falstaff, Rigoletto, Tonio in Pagliacci, and Wozzeck.
His Australian debut was as Jochanaan in Richard Strauss' Salome in 1988 for the Lyric Opera of Queensland. He first sang Wotan with the Seattle Opera in 2000.
# Moruga heatherae

Moruga heatherae is a species of mygalomorph spider in the Barychelidae family. It is endemic to Australia. It was described in 1994 by Australian arachnologist Robert Raven. The specific epithet heatherae honours Heather Janetski, Education Officer at the Queensland Museum, for her contributions to natural history and the museum's collections from northern Queensland.

## Distribution and habitat

The species occurs in north-east Queensland in open eucalypt forest. The type locality is Shiptons Flat, just south of Cooktown, on the Cape York Peninsula.