OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Incidental take permit

An incidental take permit is a permit issued under Section 10 of the United States Endangered Species Act (ESA) to private, non-federal entities undertaking otherwise lawful projects that might result in the take of an endangered or threatened species. Application for an incidental take permit is subject to certain requirements, including preparation by the permit applicant of a conservation plan.
"Take" is defined by the ESA as harass, harm, pursue, hunt, shoot, wound, kill, trap, capture, or collect any threatened or endangered species. Harm may include significant habitat modification where it actually kills or injures a listed species through impairment of essential behavior (e.g., nesting or reproduction). In the 1982 ESA amendments, Congress authorized the United States Fish and Wildlife Service (through the Secretary of the Interior) to issue permits for the "incidental take" of endangered and threatened wildlife species (Section 10a(1)B of the ESA). Thus, permit holders can proceed with an activity, such as construction or other economic development, that may result in the "incidental" taking of a listed species.
The 1982 amendment requires that permit applicants design, implement, and secure funding for a Habitat Conservation Plan or "HCP" that minimizes and mitigates harm to the impacted species during the proposed project. The HCP is a legally binding agreement between the Secretary of the Interior and the permit holder.
Note: This article contains public domain text from US government federal agencies.
# Mérida-Los Rosales railway

The Mérida-Los Rosales railway is a Spanish railway line that connects the Extremaduran city of Mérida with Zafra and Los Rosales in Andalusia, a railway junction near to Seville.
The railway line is 204.3km long, it is Iberian gauge (1668mm), non electrified and on a single track. It has been owned by many railway operators, currently it is owned by Adif and it is catalogued as line 516.

## History and Traffic

The concession for the line was given in 1869, and work progressed slowly over the next few years, culminating in 1885. There are a number of different services that use the line. Services that use the full line are Media Distancia and Regional Exprés services, mostly running from Cáceres to Sevilla Santa Justa. The Cercanías Sevilla line C-3 uses the line up to Cazalla-Constantina, and services along the Zafra-Huelva line, when continuing to Mérida, use the Mérida-Zafra section. A daily Seville-Cáceres service continues to Madrid Atocha.

## Gallery

* Cazalla-Constantina railway station.
* An infrastructure train on the line.
* The same infrastructure train, showing the landscape along the line.
* Fuente del Arco railway station.
* Guadalcanal railway station.
* The line seen on a map of the railways of Spain.
# Picnic (disambiguation)

A picnic is a meal eaten outside.
Picnic, Picnik or Piknik may also refer to:

## Arts and entertainment

* Picnic (play), a 1953 play by William Inge
** Picnic (1955 film), a film starring William Holden and Kim Novak
*** "Theme from Picnic" or simply "Picnic", a song from the 1955 film
** Picnic (2000 film), an American TV film adaptation starring Bonnie Bedelia
* Picnic (1972 film), an Indian Bengali-language film starring Ranjit Mallick
* Picnic (1975 film), an Indian Malayalam-language film starring Prem Nazir and Laksmi
* Picnic (1996 film), a Japanese film directed by Shunji Iwai
* Picnic (2024 film), a South Korean drama film
* Picnic, a 2004 short film starring Yolandi Visser under her birth name Anri du Toit
* Picnic (manga), a yaoi manga by Yugi Yamada
* Picnic (TV series), a Mexican talk show
* Pic-Nic, a Spanish folk-pop band of the 1960s
* Picnic (album), an album by Robert Earl Keen
* Picnic – A Breath of Fresh Air, a sampler album issued by Harvest Records
* Picnic (band), a Russian rock band
* Picknick (album), a 1968 album by Boudewijn de Groot

## Places

* Picnic, Florida, a US town
* Picnic Island, Tasmania

## Events

* Picnic Day (disambiguation)
* A public holiday in Poland
** Piknik Country, a festival in Poland

## Products

* Shoulder picnic, a cut of pork
* Cadbury Picnic, a chocolate bar
* Toyota Picnic or Ipsum, a minivan
* Picnik, a former online photo editor
* Sky Picnic, a proposed pay-TV service from BSkyB
* Picnic (supermarkt) [nl], an online-only supermarket active in the Netherlands, Germany and France

## Other uses

* Problem In Chair, Not In Computer (PICNIC), a derogatory slang term for computer user error
# Henri Rouvière

Henri Rouvière (23 December 1876 – 26 October 1952) was a professor of anatomy born in Le Bleymard, France.
He studied in Montpellier, receiving his medical doctorate in 1903. He later became a professor of anatomy and embryology at the University of Paris. Collège Henri Rouvière in his hometown of Le Bleymard is named in his honour. Many of Rouvière's anatomical works are preserved in the Musée d'Anatomie Delmas-Orfila-Rouvière in Paris.
Rouvière is remembered for his 1932 publication of "Anatomie des Lymphatiques de l'Homme" (translated into English in 1938 as "Anatomy of the Human Lymphatic System"), an exhaustive study involving the delineation and classification of human lymph nodes and their associated drainage regions. Rouvière's work was a continuation of the seminal research of the lymphatic system done by anatomist Marie Sappey (1810-1896).
Other significant writings by Rouvière are "Anatomie humaine descriptive, topographique et fonctionnelle", "Atlas aide-mémoire d'anatomie" and "L'anatomie humaine". "Anatomie humaine descriptive, topographique et fonctionnelle" is the adopted textbook in several well known medical schools, such as Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Lisboa, in Lisbon, Portugal.
The eponymous "node of Rouvière" (sometimes called "Rouvière node") features his name; this node is the most superior of the lateral group of the retropharyngeal lymph nodes, and is found at the base of the skull.
# Jordan Way

Jordan Way is an Australian professional rugby union referee.

## Refereeing career

Way has been a member of Rugby Australia's match officials panel since 2015, having previously played rugby union before injuring his collarbone. He has been a Rugby sevens referee at the World Rugby Sevens Series since 2016, and hoped to officiate at the 2020 Olympic Games. However, in 2020, following the COVID-19 pandemic causing the cancellation of the 2020 Super Rugby season and regional tournaments being created in its place, Way made his Super Rugby refereeing debut, having previously only been an assistant in Super Rugby, in the match between the Force and Reds on 21 August 2020 in the 2020 Super Rugby AU competition. He was appointed to the officiating list for the 2021 Super Rugby AU season in February 2021. Way was appointed as an Assistant Referee to the 2023 Rugby World Cup in France
# Peter Litherland

Peter Litherland (1756–1805) was an English watchmaker and inventor. He was born in Warrington and later moved to Liverpool, which was then the centre of the watchmaking trade. In 1791 he patented the rack lever escapement for watches, which was more accurate than the commonly used verge escapement. One of his watches is on display in the World Museum in Liverpool.
# Muslim Yar

Muslim Yar (born 10 May 1999) is an Afghan-born German cricketer who plays for the national team. Born in Afghanistan, he arrived in Germany as a refugee in 2016 during the "long summer of migration".
In May 2019, he was named in Germany's Twenty20 International (T20I) squad for their three-match series against Belgium. The matches were the first T20Is to be played by the German cricket team. He made his T20I debut for Germany against Belgium on 11 May 2019. Later the same month, he was named in Germany's squad for the Regional Finals of the 2018–19 ICC T20 World Cup Europe Qualifier tournament in Guernsey. He played in Germany's opening match of the Regional Finals, against Guernsey, on 15 June 2019.
In September 2021, he was named in Germany's T20I squad for the Regional Final of the 2021 ICC Men's T20 World Cup Europe Qualifier tournament. In January 2022, he was named in Germany's team for the 2022 ICC Men's T20 World Cup Global Qualifier A tournament in Oman.
# Hathorhotep

Hathorhotep was an ancient Egyptian king's daughter at the end of the Twelfth Dynasty during the Middle Kingdom. She can be associated with king Amenemhat III.

## Attestation

Hathorhotep (ḥwt-ḥr(w)-ḥtp; Hathor (goddess) + Hotep "pleased/satisfied/at peace") is only known from one object.

### Canopic Vase

At Dahshur, Hathorhotep is only known from a fragmentary canopic vase with her name and title found in pyramid of king Amenemhat III (circa r. 1860-1814 BCE). The vase may indicate that she was buried in the pyramid, and thus might be a daughter of Amenemhat III.

#### Incomplete Hieroglyphs

The inscription on the fragment shows a special type of "incomplete hieroglyphs" (see Miniachi 2010). That means that animals are shown without legs, to stop the animals represented by the hieroglyphs from attacking the deceased. This type of writing was only used from the reign of Amenemhat III (late Twelfth Dynasty) onward into the Thirteenth Dynasty at the end of the Middle Kingdom. The key tomb for incomplete hieroglyphs is the tomb of king Awibre Hor in the 13th dynasty, buried next to the Pyramid of Amenemhat III. Therefore, it is also possible that Hathorhotep was the daughter of another, later king.
# Hotel & Gastro Union

The Hotel & Gastro Union (HGU) is a trade union representing workers in the hospitality industry in Switzerland.
The union was founded in 1886 in Lucerne, as the Winkelried Association. The following year, it became the Union Helvetia. The largest Swiss hospitality union, it had 1,364 members by 1898, and was strongest among waiters, cooks and hotel staff. It represented only Swiss nationals, and set up overseas branches for those working abroad. In 1909, it set the SHL Schweizerische Hotelfachschule Luzern hotel management school.
In 1918, the union was a founding affiliate of the Confederation of Swiss Employees' Associations (VSA). Its membership grew, reaching 9,047 in 1950, and 17,728 in 1997. In 2000, it renamed itself as the "Hotel & Gastro Union".
In 2002, the VSA merged into Travail.Suisse, of which the HGU was a founding affiliate. In 2009, it absorbed the Swiss Association of Bakery and Confectionery Staff. By 2019, it had 18,372 members.
# Münsters fall

Münsters fall, also known as Münster's Case, is a Swedish thriller film directed by Richard Petrelius.
The lead roles were played by Sven Wollter, Eva Rexed, and Thomas Hanzon. In the movie, Sven Wollter played the role of a lawman and investigated the death of a wealthy wine merchant.
The film is direct to video, and the Swedish DVD premiere was released on December 14, 2005.
# Incadronic acid

Incadronic acid (INN, trade name Bisphonal) is a bisphosphonate.
# 30 Inolvidables

30 Inolvidables is a 2003 compilation album series:
* 30 Inolvidables (Los Bukis album)
* 30 Inolvidables, by Grupo Bronco
* 30 Inolvidables, by Los Cadetes de Linares
* 30 Inolvidables, by José María Napoleón
* 30 Inolvidables, by Rigo Tovar
* 30 Inolvidables, by Los Freddy's
# Meyrowitz

Meyrowitz:
* Carol Meyrowitz, CEO
* Joshua Meyrowitz, communications professor
* Norman Meyrowitz
* Robert Meyrowitz, radio producer
* Robert Meyrowitz (1916-2013), an American analytical chemist
# General Lewis

General Lewis may refer to:
* Andrew Lewis (soldier) (1720–1781), brigadier general in the American Revolutionary War
* Bennett L. Lewis (1926–2023), U.S. Army lieutenant general
* Charles Algernon Lewis (1807–1904), British Army general
* Duncan Lewis (born 1953), retired Australian Army general
* Edward Mann Lewis (1863–1949), U.S. Army general
* Fred P. Lewis (fl. 1970s–2000s), U.S. Air Force brigadier general
* George Lewis (Royal Marines officer) (1774–1854), Royal Marines lieutenant general
* Henry Balding Lewis (1889–1966), U.S. Army general
* Homer I. Lewis (1919–2015), U.S. Air Force major general
* John L. Lewis (politician) (1800–1886), Louisiana Militia general in the American Civil War
* John Randolph Lewis (1834–1900), Union Army brevet brigadier general
* John Taylor Lewis (1894–1983), U.S. Army general
* Joseph Horace Lewis (1824–1904), Confederate States Army general
* Kenneth Lewis (general) (c. 1929–1992), Canadian air force general
* Levin Major Lewis (1832–1886), Confederate States Army general
* Morgan Lewis (governor) (1754–1844), U.S. Army general in the War of 1812
* Patricia C. Lewis, retired U.S. Air Force general
* Robert A. Lewis (1917–1983), U.S. Army general
* Rodney D. Lewis (fl. 1990s–2020s), U.S. Air Force general
* Ronald F. Lewis (born 1966), U.S. Army lieutenant general
* William G. Lewis (1835–1901), Confederate States Army general
# Peter Littelmann

Peter Littelmann (born 10 December 1957) is a German mathematician at the University of Cologne working on algebraic groups and representation theory, who introduced the Littelmann path model and used it to solve several conjectures in standard monomial theory and other areas.
Littelmann was an invited speaker at the International Congress of Mathematicians in Zürich (1994).
# Pingale

Pingale is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Bahiroji Pingale, Peshwa of Maratha Empire 1708–1711
* Devidas Anandrao Pingale (born 1961), Indian politician
* Manoj Pingale (born 1967), Indian boxer
* Moreshvar Pingale (died 1689), Peshwa of Maratha Empire 1683–1689
# Hathorn

Hathorn is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* David Hathorn (born 1962), South African businessman
* Gina Hathorn (born 1946), British alpine skier
* Henry H. Hathorn (1813–1887), American politician
* John Hathorn (1749–1825), American politician
* Libby Hathorn (born 1943), Australian writer
* Linda Hathorn (born 1982), Canadian women's soccer player
* Maitland Hathorn (1878–1920), South African cricketer
# HotelF1

HotelF1, stylised as hotelF1 and branded Formule 1 until 2007, is a French budget hotel chain solely operating domestically. It its owned and had been created by Accor in 1984.

## History
### 1984: Formule 1

After the launch of the Ibis brand positioned below the midscale Novotel, owner Accor reiterated its strategy in 1984 with the creation of Formule 1, an economy hotel brand positioned below its Ibis branded properties and that was opened its first location in 1985.
The construction process of Formule 1 hotels was completely industrialized and standardized, allowing Accor to open one location every week. In the early 1990s, the engineering techniques of Formule 1 inspired the group Accor to launch another economy brand, Etap Hôtel (now ibis budget). In the late 1990s, the construction techniques of Formule 1 were also adopted by Accor's other economy brand, Ibis. By 1997, Formule 1 occupied 39% of the "super-economy" hotel market in France. From 1985 to 2005, 100 million customers stayed in Formule 1 hotels.

### 2007: HotelF1

In 2007, Formule 1 was rebranded as HotelF1. In September 2009, Accor announced the sale of 158 HotelF1 hotels in a €272-million sale and management-back deal. In 2012, following a new hotel star-rating system in France, HotelF1 became a one-star hotel brand.
In 2017, Accor unveiled a rebranding and refurbishment for its HotelF1 chain. This included the introduction of optional shared rooms. As of 2018, HotelF1 managed 172 hotels in France.

## Development

Development since 2011 :
| Year | Hotels | Rooms |
| 2018 | 172 | 13 210 |
| 2017 | 170 | 12 975 |
| 2016 | 237 | 17 864 |
| 2015 | 237 (+ 8 Formule 1) | 17 860 (+1 099 Formule 1) |
| 2014 | 238 (+ 8 Formule 1) | 17 906 (+ 930 Formule 1) |
| 2013 | 238 (+ 10 Formule 1) | 17 906 (+ 947 Formule 1) |
| 2012 | 240 (+ 42 Formule 1) | 18 037 (+ 3 039 Formule 1) |
| 2011 | 243 (+ 85 Formule 1) | 18 213 (+ 9 167 Formule 1) |
# Philippe Jean

Philippe Jean is a name. People with that name include:
* Philippe Jean (also spelled Philip Jean), a painter
* Philippe Jean (footballer), a footballer
# NGC 6164

NGC 6164, known as the Dragon's Egg Nebula, is an emission nebula located in the constellation Norma. The nebula was discovered by astronomer John Herschel in 1834, and is approximately 3,870 light years from the solar system.
Its shape gives it the appearance of a planetary nebula resulting from the death of an old star similar to the Sun, but it is in reality an emission nebula. The gas from this nebula was ejected by the star located at its center, and this is also the source of its energy. In the Henry Draper Catalogue, this star is designated as HD 148937. It is a very young O-type star whose age is between three and four million years. Surrounded by its magnetic field, this star is about 40 times more massive than the Sun, and is expected to end its life on the main sequence in three to four million years.
# Incabloc shock protection system

The Incabloc shock protection system is the trade name for a spring-loaded mounting system for the jewel bearings that support the balance wheel in a mechanical watch, to protect the wheel's delicate pivots from damage in the event of physical shock, such as if the watch is dropped.

## History

The Incabloc system was invented in 1934 by Swiss engineers Georges Braunschweig and Fritz Marti, at Universal Escapements, Ltd, of La Chaux-de-Fonds, Switzerland. It is manufactured by Incabloc, S.A. Similar systems are ETA's Etachoc, Kif, Seiko's Diashock, and Citizen's Parashock.
The pivots and jewel bearings that support a watch balance wheel are fragile in comparison to the mass they must support, and without shock protection are the part of the watch most likely to be damaged under impact. Before the widespread use of shock protection devices like Incabloc, broken balance staffs were a common type of damage requiring watch repair.
The Incabloc system uses a "lyre-shaped" spring to allow the delicate bearings to shift in their settings under impact, until a stronger shoulder of the staff contacts the strong metal endpiece, so that the pivots and bearings don't have to bear the force of the impact. When the impact is over, the springs guide the parts back to their original positions. The staff itself does not move relative to the jewel bearing, but the whole bearing is carried in a metal bushing that is free to move in the metal endpiece, under the control of the spring. Some modern balance wheels use a simpler arrangement, where, taking advantage of the low cost of modern synthetic rubies, a large jewel moves as its own mobile bushing.
# MurE synthetase

MurE synthetase may refer to:
* D-alanine—D-alanine ligase, an enzyme
* UDP-N-acetylmuramoylalanyl-D-glutamate-2,6-diamino-pimelate ligase, an enzyme
# Mezoneuron nhatrangense

Mezoneuron nhatrangense is a species of legume in the family Fabaceae. It is found only in Vietnam.
# Jon Schroder

Jon Schroder (born 1973) is an American filmmaker. He began his career in New York City, writing for a myriad of television shows, cable networks, production companies, and independent film producers. Schroder is one of the co-creators and producers of Nat Geo Wild's The Incredible Dr. Pol.
Schroder went on to direct a series of short films, commercials, documentaries, and reality shows for Spike TV, Nickelodeon, MTV, and Comedy Central. In addition to writing and directing, Schroder worked in various crew positions on the televisions shows, The Sopranos, Law & Order, and Sex and the City as well as for the films Spider-Man (2002), Kissing Jessica Stein (2001), and 3 A.M. (2001).
Schroder co-wrote, produced, and directed the feature film Jimmy and Judy (2006), starring Edward Furlong and Rachael Bella. The film earned two Best Feature Awards at the Newport Beach International Film Festival and the San Francisco Independent Film Festival.
# Mount Dendi

Mount Dendi is a volcano located near the city of Addis Ababa, in Ethiopia. It has an 8 km (5.0 mi) wide caldera, and its highest point is Mount Bodi at 3,260 m (10,700 ft). It fully contains Lake Dendi. It is the second highest volcano in Ethiopia, only 13.5 km (8.4 mi) from Wonchi, Ethiopia's highest volcano.
# Myrsine fosbergii

Myrsine fosbergii, the Koolau Range colicwood, is a species of plant in the family Primulaceae. It is endemic to the Hawaiian Islands. It is threatened by habitat loss.
# NBM Railways

NBM Railways is a holding company controlled by the J.D. Irving group of New Brunswick.
Its operations include the New Brunswick Southern Railway (NBSR) and Eastern Maine Railway (EMRY), a pair of short line railways which operate on a former Canadian Pacific mainline segment between Brownville, Maine and Saint John, New Brunswick.
Irving also operates a portion of the former Bangor & Aroostook Railroad line north of Millinocket, Maine on state-owned rails as the Maine Northern Railway.
# Myristica sangowoensis

Myristica sangowoensis is a species of plant in the family Myristicaceae. It is a tree endemic to Maluku in Indonesia.
# Arms Race (game)

Arms Race, subtitled "Simulation of Global War and Strategic Building 1950-2001", is a board wargame published by Attack Wargaming Association (AWA) in 1976 that simulates a hypothetical war between the U.S. and U.S.S.R. that uses increasingly powerful weapons.

## Contents

Arms Race is a two-player game in which the USA and USSR wage war from 1950 to 2001. Players have the choice of using conventional or nuclear weapons, as well as land, sea and air forces. Players can spend money on guerilla forces, political subversion, spies, transportation systems, or economic aid to neutral countries being fought over. The game comes with several proposed scenarios.
Optional rules allow for a third player (taking the role of China), and a fourth player (taking the role of Nazi Germany that has somehow survived World War II.)

## Publication history

In 1976, Dave Casciano designed Arms Race, which was subsequently published by his company AWA (also known as Dave Casciano Co. or DCC) packaged in a ziplock bag. The self-published game was not well-received by the gaming community — in a 1980 readers poll conducted by Ares of 70 science fiction games, Arms Race placed 65th.

## Reception

In the 1977 book The Comprehensive Guide to Board Wargaming, Nicholas Palmer described the game as "the USA and USSR [...] slugging it out with armour, infantry, fighters, bombers, spy satellites, U2s, guerillas, transports, subversive political groups, secret foreign services, extensive production rules, and the threat of nuclear war."
In The Guide to Simulations/Games for Education and Training, Martin Campion noted the central concept of the game "is to build the right thing at the right time." However, Campion felt the game "is a very good idea but somewhat flawed in the execution. The rules are sometimes more suggestive than explanatory, the counters are poorly printed and impossible to punch out, and the map is hard to read and aggressively ugly." For teachers planning to use it in the classroom, Campion suggested that they should "be prepared to make up some rules as you go along. Also, it will be better to plan on making your own map."
# Mountain Lake (Delaware County, New York)

Mountain Lake is a small lake in the hamlet of Cooks Falls in Delaware County, New York. It drains into Beaver Kill.
# Myrsine juergensenii

Myrsine juergensenii is a species of broadleaf evergreen plant in the family Primulaceae. It is a shrub or tree native to Mexico and Central America, ranging from central Mexico to Panama.