OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Bernard Gaines Farrar Jr

Bernard Gaines Farrar Jr. (1831–1916) served in the American Civil War as an officer in the Union Army. Prior to his service, he was a businessman in St. Louis. Farrar Jr. began his military career on the staff of General Nathanial Lyon and then rose through the ranks until he was brevetted Brigadier-General. Following his time in the military he returned to St. Louis where he was involved in politics and known as a prominent leader in the St. Louis community.

## Early life

Farrar was born August 5, 1831, in St. Louis, Missouri, to Bernard Gaines Farrar, Sr. and Ann O’Fallon Clark Thruston. His father was the first doctor of American descent to set up permanent residence west of the Mississippi, and his mother was the niece of William Clark. Farrar Jr. studied at St. Louis University, Norwich Military Academy of Vermont, and the University of Virginia. After completing his education, he returned to St. Louis. He began his career in local business ventures and real estate. On June 14, 1852, Farrar married Isabel Jerdone Mitchell. The Farrars had four children: Alexander Mitchell Farrar, Frank Jerdone Farrar, Ann Clark Thruston Farrar and Bertie Cecil Farrar.

## Military career

In 1861, Farrar enlisted in the Union Army. That May, just as the American Civil War broke out, he was appointed as an aide-de-camp for General Nathaniel Lyon. Early in his service under Lyon, Farrar engaged in a campaign to oust Missouri’s pro-Confederate government. He was also an active participant in the Camp Jackson Affair, personally sent to Confederate General Frost delivering the message to surrender. After the Battle of Wilson’s Creek and General Lyon's death, Farrar was appointed to the staff of General Henry Halleck in October 1861. Farrar served as Provost Marshal of the Department of the Missouri until October 1862. Then he organized the 30th Missouri Volunteer Infantry and became its Colonel. Serving under General Ulysses S. Grant in the Mississippi River campaigns; he commanded Francis P. Blair's Brigade in the Siege of Vicksburg. Afterwards he formed an all-black regiment which would later become the 6th U.S. Colored Heavy Artillery. Farrar later commanded the District of Natchez, and was brevetted Brigadier-General on March 9, 1865.

## Post-military life

In May 1865, Farrar resigned from the military and came back to reside in St. Louis. A vocal Republican, he served as a representative in Missouri and was appointed by President Harrison as Missouri’s Assistant U.S. Treasurer, a position he held for four years. Farrar died on June 6, 1916. He is buried at Bellefontaine Cemetery in St. Louis, Missouri.
# Pelotas River

The Pelotas River (Portuguese: Rio Pelotas) is a river in southern Brazil, and a tributary of the Uruguay River.
The river originates in the Serra Geral at Alto do Bispo and flows northeast for 450 kilometres (280 mi) before meeting the Canoas River, forming the Uruguay River. It forms the border between Rio Grande do Sul and Santa Catarina states.
The river is dammed by the Machadinho and Barra Grande Dams.
# Gjorgjija Atanasoski

Ǵorǵija 'George' Atanasoski or Gjorgjija Atanasoski (Macedonian: Ѓорѓија 'Џорџ' Атанасоски; born February 18, 1952, in Marul, Prilep Municipality, SFR Yugoslavia, today North Macedonia) is a Macedonian businessman and politician. He is the founder of MAK AM International Corporation and Microflex Inc., and president of Makedonska Alijansa, a Macedonian political party.

## Career

Gjorgjija Atanasoski left Yugoslavia in 1970 for New York City, United States. Atanasoski started his career as an engineer working for New York University. After being five years in the United States, Atanasoski in 1975 founded Microflex Inc. with his brother Josif, an international corporation manufacturing flexible metal products based in Ormond Beach, Florida, and supplying a wide range of industries, with customers including NASA.
In 1996, Atanasoski co-founded and became president of MAK AM International Corporation, an international trading company mostly concerned with importing and exporting to and from Macedonia.

## Key achievements and awards

* Founder of Microflex Inc., (1975)
* member and later secretary of the Macedonian Society of New York (1974–1980)
* elected for President of the World Macedonian Congress of North America, (1992)
* Founder of the first Macedonian international weekly magazine Makedonsko Sonce (Macedonian Sun), (1994)
* former candidate for the President of the Republic of Macedonia, (1994)
* Founder and president of MAK AM International Corporation, (1996)
* Founder and president of the political party Makedonska Alijansa (Macedonian Alliance), (1996)
* Ellis Island Medal of Honor, (2004)

## Political and activist career

In 1974, Atansoski became secretary of the Macedonian Society of New York, a Macedonian ex-patriate organization promoting Macedonian culture, history and causes in the USA. He has sponsored many Macedonian cultural events and societies, and lobbies for Macedonian human rights to the US Government and many other bodies. In May 1992 he founded the World Macedonian Congress, consider itself as an organization fighting and demanding for more human rights to ethnic Macedonians on an international level, but is seen as an ultranationalist organization by independent researchers and media. Atanasoski is the president of the North American chapter of the MWC, one of the most influential chapters. His work with the MWC ranges from sponsoring historical studies of Macedonia to co-ordinating humanitarian relief efforts.
On June 24, 1994, Atanasoski founded Makedonsko Sonce, a weekly Macedonian international newspaper, the first non-government-controlled newspaper in Macedonian, open to contributions from all citizens.
In 1994 Atanasoski stood as a candidate for President of Macedonia, on a ticket of democratic and free market principles, and the de-corruption and legalisation of the state, as well as the enhancement of the economic and social development of Macedonia. Since 1996, Atanasoski has been the president of the Makedonska Alijansa (Macedonian Alliance) political party.
On May 14, 2005, Atanasoski has been rewarded with the Ellis Island Medal of Honor.
# Mohammadabad, Behbahan

Mohammadabad (Persian: محمداباد, also Romanized as Moḩammadābād) is a village in Howmeh Rural District, in the Central District of Behbahan County, Khuzestan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 34, in 7 families.
# Gerodimos Stathas

Gerodimos Stathas (Greek: Γεροδήμος Σταθάς; 1712–1800) was a Greek armatolos during the pre-Greek Revolution era in Greece. His given name was Dimosthenis, shortened to Dimos, but due to his age and as a title of respect, he was given the prefix Geros ("old man"). He was the founder of the family of the Stathaioi of the Valtos Region. His son, Giannis Stathas went on to lead major revolts against the Ottoman Empire. He is also considered to be the grandfather of Georgios Karaiskakis.
In 1766, Gerodimos took up arms against the Ottoman Empire following a promise from Georgios Papazolis that the Russian Empire would provide help to a Greek revolution. The Orlov Revolt finally ended in 1774 with the total defeat of the Greek rebels. The Russians had signed a peace treaty, effectively ending the Russo-Turkish War and leaving the Greeks without any support. Gerodimos successfully defended against the Turkish reprisals that followed.
# Jaswinder Singh (singer)

Shamsher singhis an Indian ghazal singer. He is the son and student of Kuldip Singh, composer of ghazals such as ‘Tumko dekha to ye khayal aaya’ from the movie Saath Saath and ‘Itni Shakti Hame De Na Daata’ from Ankush.
Saregama-HMV, one of the biggest music archives in India, recently launched his music album "Ishq Nahin Asaan". Earlier, he released "Yours Truly" and "Dilkash" by Tips Music.
Jaswinder Singh has played international concerts in USA, Canada, UK, Australia, Malaysia, Singapore, Dubai and Muscat. He has performed over 300 live concerts. Jaswinder Singh also specializes in several Sufi and Punjabi songs, usually performed toward the end of his concerts.

## Early life

Jaswinder Singh was born in Mumbai. He is the son of Kuldeep Singh, who composed ghazals such as Tumko dekha to ye khayal aaya and Itni shakti hame dena daata, and wrote music for the movies Saath-Saath and Ankush. He was trained in classical singing by Dr Sushila Pohankar and Pt. Ajay Pohankar, and the ghazal singer Jagjit Singh.

## Career

Singh got his training in classical singing from Sushilabai and Ajay Pohankar. He was chosen to sing for the play ‘Kaifi Aur Main’, an epistolary style play dealing with the life and times of the noted lyricist and poet Kaifi Azmi. The lead actors Javed Akhtar and Shabana Azmi share anecdotes from the poet's life while Singh performs ghazals and songs penned by Kaifi Azmi.
He also performed at Ghalibnaama, a conceptual show based on the prose and poetry of Mirza Ghalib. In July 2012, Singh sang "Bahut Yaad Aate Ho Tum" for an episode of Aamir Khan's TV series Satyamev Jayate.

## Awards

He was awarded ‘The young Ghazal Maestro’ by Indian Music Academy. The title was presented by Hariprasad Chaurasia in the presence of A. P. J. Abdul Kalam.
| Year | Category | Nominated Song | Film | Result | Ref(s) |
| Mirchi Music Awards ||||||
| 2016 | Upcoming Male Vocalist of The Year | "Tumhe Bhi Meri Yaad" | 30 Minutes | Nominated | |

## Recordings

* " Ishq nahin aasaan " released by Saregama – HMV
* " Dilkash " released by Tips
* "Yours Truly" released by Tips
Eternal released by Artistaloud / Hungama
# Rasanan

Rasanan (Persian: رسنان, also Romanized as Rasanān) is a village in Lavasan-e Bozorg Rural District, Lavasanat District, Shemiranat County, Tehran Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 375, in 111 families.
The village is located 11 km from Tehran road to Damavand and is 14 km from Lavasan city center of Lavasanat district. In the spring and summer, the weather is calm and cool, and the climate is cold in fall and winter.
The villagers of Rasanan, like other villages in the region, speak in ancient Persian language. Rasanan is close to the capital and since old times, people of the village had two houses; one in Tehran for the winter and one for the remainder of the year in Rasanan.
On the right is Kalakdar Farm. The farm belongs to the two original families of the region, the Hadian and Mohammadian families. These families have endowed the farm for Imam Hussein for rural development. Rasanan has a primary school, which was donated by the late Ali Asghar Mohammadian and was built more than 55 years ago.
According to the documents and especially the endowment letter of the Kalakdar farm, a group of Hadian families is from the Zand family and the sons of Haj Mohammad Hassan Khan and Suleiman Shahsavari. During the massacre of their family, in the reign of Sultan Agha Mohammad Khan Qajar, they had secretly emigrated from Shiraz to Rasanan, and had taken some interesting and traditional architecture in their homes. Since then the hills and mountains have eroded and the village has been redeveloped.
# Hristo Botev Monument, Botevgrad

The Monument to Hristo Botev (Bulgarian: Паметник на Христо Ботев) is one of the landmarks of the town of Botevgrad, Bulgaria. It is located in the central square of the town, next to the Town Hall. It is dedicated to the renowned Bulgarian revolutionary and poet Hristo Botev (1848–1876).
The idea to build the monument was proposed by the Mayor Ivan Nikolchovski in the late 1950s and was supported by the Town Council. The municipal authorities chose the project of the sculptor Prof. Ivan Mandov. The meeting with him and the public discussion were held in the Town Hall in May 1960. Prof. Mandov presented a gypsum model of the monument, after which the mayor gave the floor to those present for speeches, suggestions and assessments. In the spirit of the time, representatives of the Bulgarian Communist Party, the Fatherland Front, the Trade unions, the cooperative farms, etc., gave speeches. The statements were general, incompetent, some even humorous. There were suggestions that the monument should be installed in Bardceto, Chekanitsa, Zelin, or other locations. The professor listened to the suggestions and assessments and finally stated that with his modest possibilities he could not satisfy the requirements of the representatives of Botevgrad citizenry. The issue of the monument remained open until 1966. Then, on the occasion of the upcoming celebration of the 100th anniversary of the town's charter, the issue appeared again on the agenda. The Botevgrad authorities persuaded Prof. Ivan Mandov to implement his idea with promises not to interfere with "creative" discussions on a local level.
On 9 October 1966, the monument was opened on the occasion of the 100th anniversary of the town. The head of state Todor Zhivkov, a delegation from the twin city of Saransk, guests from the country and the region were present at the opening ceremony. The tape was cut by Todor Zhivkov.
The sculptural figure depicts Hristo Botev in full stature. His left hand holds a book scroll - an expression of his brilliant poetic and publicist work. The figure was cast of bronze in the foundry of the Union of the Bulgarian Painters. The architectural design of the pedestal was the work of arch. Pavel Atanasov. At the foundations of the monument of Hristo Botev lay the copies of the protocols on the acceptance of the project, including the one from May 1960.
# Victor of Braga

Victor of Braga (died c. 300), also known as Saint Victor (Portuguese: São Victor), was a Portuguese Christian martyr. His feast day is 12 April.

## Sources

Victor's very existence has frequently been refuted. His story is based on the Breviary of Braga, which was credulous enough to admit all of the forgeries of "Julian Perez", the alleged eleventh century priest of Toledo. However, a short passion from the Abbey of Santo Domingo de Silos in the Province of Burgos, written at the end of the 11th century, could reflect an ancient tradition. It says that Victor met one day with the procession that accompanied the image of a pagan god and that, confessing himself a Christian, he was sentenced to death and beheaded.

## Monks of Ramsgate account

The Monks of Ramsgate wrote in their Book of Saints (1921),
   Victor (St.) M. (April 12) (4th century) A victim of the persecution under Diocletian at Braga in Portugal. He was only a catechumen when arrested as a Christian, and, being almost at once beheaded, was baptised in his own blood (A.D. 300 about)

## Butler's account

The hagiographer Alban Butler (1710–1773) wrote in his Lives of the Fathers, Martyrs, and Other Principal Saints under April 12,
   St. Victor of Braga, Martyr
   This city was a populous resort of the Romans; on which account it was watered with the blood of many martyrs in the persecution of Dioclesian. The names only of SS. Victor, Sylvester, Cucufas, Susana, and Torquatus have reached us. Their triumphs are honoured in that church, and recorded by Vasæus in his chronicle, and other Spanish historians. St. Victor, who is mentioned in the Roman Martyrology on the 12th of April, was a catechumen, who, refusing to sacrifice to idols, was condemned to lose his head, and baptized in his own blood. See F. Thomas ab Incarnatione. Hist. Portug. Sæc. 4, c. 6, p. 218.
# Oranienburg Palace

Oranienburg Palace (German: Schloss Oranienburg) is a Schloss located in the town of Oranienburg in Germany.
It is the oldest Baroque Schloss in the Margraviate of Brandenburg and was built from 1651 to 1655 by Louise Henriette of Orange-Nassau, the first wife of Frederick William, Elector of Brandenburg, on the site of an older hunting lodge. The architect was Johann Gregor Memhardt. The building was based on the contemporary architecture of Dutch classicism in its external form, with its vertical orientation and the turrets on the side wings. The extensive garden was primarily used for the cultivation of trees, ornamental shrubs, flowers and vegetables. Among other things, the Electress introduced potatoes and cauliflower to the Mark Brandenburg.
From 1689, the Electress' son, Frederick I, who loved splendour, had the palace and gardens enlarged, influenced by Italian and French baroque architecture. Johann Arnold Nering was in charge of construction until 1699. He changed the facade of the corps de logis and added two north rear wings with final pavilions, connected by a walk-in arcade, and thus a second courtyard. After him, Johann Friedrich Eosander von Göthe mainly complemented the interior design.
After the death of Frederick I in 1713, the palace was hardly used. His son Frederick William I only lodged occasionally in Oranienburg, and just the most necessary funds were granted for the maintenance of the palace. His son Frederick II transferred the estate to his younger brother Prince Augustus William of Prussia on the occasion of his marriage in 1742. Augustus William died here in 1758 at the age of only 35. His widow Luise of Brunswick used it until her death in 1780. In 1794 the later Prussian Queen Louise of Mecklenburg-Strelitz received it as a gift.
From 1858 to 1925 it was converted into a teacher's seminary, 1933–37 SS barracks, then police academy. Damaged by bombs in World War II, it was externally restored in 1948-1954. After a temporary use by the Red Army, it was an officer school for the barracked People's Police from 1952 and later barracks for the Border Troops of the German Democratic Republic until 1990.
Today the palace is a museum of the Prussian Palaces and Gardens Foundation Berlin-Brandenburg. Numerous valuable objects of baroque handicrafts and paintings are on display, including paintings with connections to the castle and its inhabitants, partly also individual pieces of the original interior.
# Bağlıpəyə

Bağlıpəyə (Baghlipaya) is a village in the Kalbajar District of Azerbaijan.

## History

The village was located in the Armenian-occupied territories surrounding Nagorno-Karabakh, coming under the control of ethnic Armenian forces during the First Nagorno-Karabakh War in the early 1990s. The village subsequently became part of the breakaway Republic of Artsakh as part of its Shahumyan Province, referred to as Nor Erkej (Armenian: Նոր Էրքեջ). It was returned to Azerbaijan as part of the 2020 Nagorno-Karabakh ceasefire agreement after 2020 Nagorno-Karabakh war.

## Demographics

The village had 109 inhabitants in 2005, and 159 inhabitants in 2015.

## Notable people

* Isgandar Hamidov — Minister of Internal Affairs of Azerbaijan (1992-1993).
# Hugh P. Boon

Captain Hugh P. Boon (July 28, 1831 – January 14, 1908) was an American soldier who fought in the American Civil War. Boon received the country's highest award for bravery during combat, the Medal of Honor, for his action during the Battle of Sailor's Creek in Virginia on 6 April 1865. He was honored with the award on 3 May 1865.

## Biography

Boon was born on 28 July 1831 to James and Margaret Miller Boone in Washington, Pennsylvania. Prior to the outbreak of the war, Boon was involved in the grocery business. He first joined the war efforts as a volunteer in the three-month service and later enlisted into the 1st Regiment West Virginia Volunteer Cavalry in August 1861, where he was eventually promoted to captain.
On 6 April 1865 Boon was in command of Company B, 1st West Virginia Cavalry. His company was on the right flank of the Cavalry charge commanded by General George A. Custer's 3rd Brigade against the center of the Confederate defenses. This charge was noted as the battle of Marshalls Crossroads, Saylers Creek. During the charge, Boone noticed the advance of the Georgia 10th Infantry to his right front. Being on the far right flank of the Union line, Captain Boon, turned his company to the right to engage the Georgians and protect the flank. During this charge, Captain Boone "cut down" the Georgia 10th flag bearer and captured the battle flag. It is for this act of gallantry that he was presented with the Medal of Honor. On the 10th of May, 1864 during the battle of Wytheville Virginia, Boon was seriously injured, a bullet piercing through his neck in close proximity to his spinal cord, an injury which troubled him throughout the rest of his life. Captain Boon served as the commanding officer of Company B, 1st W.Va Cavalry continuously until the end of the war, including but not limited to a cavalry action near Devils Den and the wheatfield, during the battle of Gettysburg, Pennsylvania. He was present with his unit at the surrender of the Confederate Army under General Robert E. Lee at Appomatox Virginia only 3 days after the battle of Saylers Creek.
After the war Boon returned to the grocery business for a while but soon left to go into farming, a trade in which his family was involved while growing up. In October 1866 he married Hannah J. Cook, with whom he had one child. He was later a clerk in the A. B. Caldwell Co store. He died on January 14, 1908, after a period of illness.

## Medal of Honor citation

   Capture of flag.
# 1917 Arizona Wildcats football team

The 1917 Arizona Wildcats football team represented the University of Arizona as an independent during the 1917 college football season. In their fourth season under head coach Pop McKale, the Wildcats compiled a 3–2 record and outscored all opponents, 118 to 41. The team captain was Bill McGowen.

## Schedule

| Date | Time | Opponent | Site | Result | Attendance |
| October 13 | 3:30 p.m. | 11th Field Artillery Regiment officers | University fieldTucson, AZ | L 0–3 | 800 |
| October 20 | 2:30 p.m. | at USC | Bovard FieldLos Angeles, CA | L 6–31 | 2,000 |
| November 3 | 3:00 p.m. | New Mexico A&M | Fair ground gridironTucson, AZ | W 26–7 | |
| November 17 | 3:00 p.m. | 11th Field Artillery Regiment soldiers | University fieldTucson, AZ | W 41–0 | |
| November 29 | 3:00 p.m. | Whittier | University fieldTucson, AZ | W 45–0 | |
# Mevo'ot Yam

Mevo'ot Yam (Hebrew: מְבוֹאוֹת יָם, lit. Sea Gate) is a youth village on the coast of Israel. Located on the coast of the Mediterranean Sea adjacent to Mikhmoret, it falls under the jurisdiction of Hefer Valley Regional Council. In 2022 it had a student population of 445. Mikhmoret Light is located on a building inside the village.

## History

The village was established in 1951 and named after the biblical term for "gateways of the sea" (Ezekiel 27:3) By 1962 it had a population of 400.
In 1999, the Nature and Parks Authority founded the Israeli Sea Turtle Rescue Center in Mevo'ot Yam.

## Education

The fishing and trawling school here, Sharon Naval School, founded by the Alliance Israelite Universelle and Israeli government, offers a variety of specialized tracks with an emphasis on nautical studies. Students can study seamanship, electricity, biology and marine agriculture, diving, and a combined course in mechanics, electronics and computers.
# Bandivan

Bandivan (Armenian: Բանդիվան) is a village in the Amasia Municipality of the Shirak Province of Armenia. The Statistical Committee of Armenia reported its population was 245 in 2010, down from 269 at the 2001 census.

## Population

The population of the village since 1831 is as follows:
| Year | Population |
| 1831 | 213 |
| 1897 | 806 |
| 1914 | 1,054 |
| 1916 | 309 |
| 1919 | 458 |
| 1926 | 392 |
| 1939 | 640 |
| 1959 | 376 |
| 1970 | 336 |
| 1979 | 315 |
| 1989 | 284 |
| 2001 | 269 |
| 2004 | 268 |
# Urayevo

Urayevo (Russian: Ураево) is a rural locality (a selo) in Valuysky District, Belgorod Oblast, Russia. The population was 338 as of 2010. There are 6 streets.

## Geography

Urayevo is located 23 km southeast of Valuyki (the district's administrative centre) by road. Salovka is the nearest rural locality.