OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Zakhary Chepiha

Zakhary (Kharyton or Kharko) Oleksiyovych Chepiha (Ukrainian: Захарій (Харитон / Харко) Олексійович Чепіга), sometimes transliterated Chepiga, alternative surname: Kulish (Ukrainian: Куліш) (1725 – 14 January 1797) was, after Sydir Bily, the second Kosh ataman of the Black Sea Cossack Host.
Chepiha was born in Chernihiv Oblast. He arrived at the Zaporozhian Sich in 1740 and at its demise in 1775 was a Cossack polkovnyk. He retired with the title of Captain. In 1783 he made an unsuccessful attempt at organizing a cohort of volunteer cossacks from the Zaporozhia.
After meeting up with Catherine II in 1787, he was one of the cossacks to convince the Empress in allowing the formation of the Host of the Loyal Zaporozhians, later known as the Black Sea Cossack Host.
Soon afterwards the Russo-Turkish War (1787–1792) broke out, and the new cossack host received its battle christening on the Southern Bug river during the Battle of Ochakov.
During a campaign in 1788, Chepiha was wounded by a bullet to the shoulder. After Sydor Bily's death, he was proclaimed the Host's ataman. He took part in the storming of Izmail in 1790 and the battle of Babodah in 1791. For his efforts, Chepiha received the rank of the Order of St. George. In 1792 he took part in the resettlement of the Black Sea Cossacks to the Kuban. He died in 1797 and was buried in Yekaterinodar.
# No Rules: Get Phat

No Rules: Get Phat is an action video game developed by Flying Tiger Development and published by TDK Mediactive for the Game Boy Advance. It was released on November 26, 2001 in North America and on November 30, 2001 in Europe.

## Plot

This game puts players in this position of the main character One-eye Jack; a cereal loving, recreation addict, student, and young person that must defeat a sadistic intergalactic organized crime gang of alien invaders called the "punkazzes" from planet “punkazz” launching an alien invasion, alien conspiracy, UFO conspiracy, abduction phenomenon, terror attack, escape with this town's resources, scare and injure citizens, learn and destroy modern era leisure, and eliminate town's authority. They’ve invaded this town him and his friend's are from, snow mountains, subway station, cereal manufacturing plant, and there’s these invader's mothership.
There's five levels, and therefore five of these boss levels. And these alien invaders also hold Jack’s friends hostage. And after defeating this final boss which is the leader and gang boss of these alien invaders. Plus, after winning this final fight, Jack rescues these friends and they show him how grateful they are for saving them and the entire town from this invasion and insurgency.

## Reception

IGN's Craig Harris gave the game a negative review, praising the game's artistic style, but heavily criticizing the gameplay and forced hipness.
# Lesser Lule River

66°32′39″N 20°10′16″E﻿ / ﻿66.54416°N 20.17104°E﻿ / 66.54416; 20.17104
The Lesser Lule River (Swedish: Lilla Luleälven) is a tributary of the Lule River in north Norrland, in Norrbotten County, Sweden. The river, which is entirely within the municipality of Jokkmokk, is 238 km long, with a drainage basin of approximately 9800 km². The longest tributary of the Lesser Lule River is called Tarrajåkkå and it originates in the southern part of Sarek Fell. The river flows southeast, passing Lakes Saggat (302 amsl), Skalka (295 amsl) and Randi (284 amsl) before it reaches Jokkmokk. After Jokkmokk, it flows towards Vuollerim where it joins the Greater Lule River. The river's largest tributaries are the Rapa (Lule Sami: Rapaätno, Swedish: Rapaälven) and Pärl Rivers. The waterflow of the Lesser Lule River is regulated.

## Hydroelectrical plants along the Lesser Lule River

The Lesser Lule River has several hydro-electric power stations on it. All of the station are owned by Vattenfall AB. These plants have cut off the traditional migratory routes followed by the Sámi in the area, causing some of the reindeer herders to have to truck the animals between the summer and winter camps.
| Name | Year of completion | Normal annual electricity production (GW•h) | Maximum Capacity (MW) |
| Seitevare | 1967 | 787 | 225 |
| Parki | 1970 | 85 | 20 |
| Randi | 1976 | 226 | 86 |
| Akkats | 1973 | 565 | 158 |
| Letsi | 1967 | 1850 | 456 |

## Sources

* Vattenfall AB
# Bryennios

Bryennios or Bryennius (Greek: Βρυέννιος), feminine form Bryennissa (Βρυέννισσα), was the name of a noble Byzantine family which rose to prominence in the 11th and 12th centuries, mostly as military commanders. The etymology of the name is uncertain. The first members of the family appear in the 9th century, with the strategos Theoktistos Bryennios. None are known for the 10th, but they reappear in the latter half of the 11th century, when they rose to high military commands and became associated with the Komnenian dynasty. Members of the family retained high positions through the 12th century, and are documented up to the 15th century.

## Notable members

* Alexios Bryennios, megas doux in 1156
* Joseph Bryennios (c. 1350 – 1430), Byzantine monk and writer
* Manuel Bryennios (fl. 1300), Byzantine scholar
* Nikephoros Bryennios (ethnarch) (fl. 1050s), Byzantine general
* Nikephoros Bryennios the Elder (fl. 1070s), Byzantine general, son of the ethnarch, who made an attempt on the throne of Michael VII Doukas in 1077–1078
* Nikephoros Bryennios the Younger (1062–1137), son or grandson of the preceding, Byzantine general, statesman and historian, husband of Anna Komnene
* Theoktistos Bryennios, (fl. 842), strategos of the Peloponnese

## Sources

* Kazhdan, Alexander, ed. (1991), Oxford Dictionary of Byzantium, Oxford University Press, pp. 328–329, ISBN 978-0-19-504652-6
* Srđan Rajković (2003). Porodica Vrijenija u XI i XII stoleću. Vizantološki institut, Srpske akademije nauka i umetnosti. ISBN 978-86-83883-03-5.
# Beidha (archaeological site)

Beidha (Arabic: البيضا al-baīḍā, "the white one"), also sometimes Bayda, is a major Neolithic archaeological site a few kilometres north of Petra near Siq al-Barid in Jordan. It is included in Petra's inscription as a UNESCO World Heritage Site.

## Excavation history

It was first excavated by Diana Kirkbride in 1957 and later by Brian Byrd.

## Periods of settlement

Three periods of occupation were detected: the Natufian period in the 11th millennium BC, a Pre-Pottery Neolithic B (PPNB) village with masonry construction in the 7th millennium BC and a Nabatean period dating to the 1st or 2nd century BC.

### Natufian period

Natufian Beidha is characterized as a seasonal encampment, repeatedly occupied over a long period of time. Evidence from lithics recovered along with the layout and position of hearths and roasting areas suggested the occupants were primarily engaged in hunting related activities. This was supported by the absence of permanent buildings, storage, burials and large stone implements.

### Neolithic period

The Neolithic stage at Beidha has been suggested to be one of the earliest villages with habitation dated between 7200 and 6500 BC. In the earliest PPNB phases, the population has been estimated at between 50 and 115 people. These villagers used stone masonry and built a wall around the settlement of round houses with subterranean floors. Its occupants cultivated barley and emmer wheat in an early state of domestication, herded goats, and hunted a variety of wild animals such as ibex and gathered wild plants, fruits and nuts. Burials were found in an area of the settlement thought to be used for ritual purposes. Evidence shows it was destroyed by fire c. 6650 BC and then rebuilt with rectangular, overground buildings and specialized workshops. At the height of habitation, the population has been estimated at anywhere between 125 and 235 people. Around 6500 BC the village was abandoned again, for unknown reasons. Many of the materials recovered came from some distance and included Anatolian obsidian and mother of pearl from the Red Sea. The transition to right-angled buildings shows an important development in human society that may have contributed the development of cities. There is also a structure dating from this period some yards east of the main site which has been interpreted as possibly being a temple for the practice of what may have been a pre-Abrahamic religion. (The layout of the structure is that of a temple, but there are no signs of any 'graven images' ever having been present.)

### Nabataean period

There is also plentiful evidence of a renowned Nabataean settlement in the area including construction of a series of walls around agricultural terraces.

## Site protection and development

The Jordanian Department of Antiquities, Petra Development and Tourism Region Authority, USAID/Jordan Tourism Development Project and the Council for British Research in the Levant announced in 2010 a project to protect and promote Beidha. This was suggested to take up to 18 months and planned to include an interpretative presentation and new visitor facilities.
# Val Borbera

The Val Borbera (Ligurian: Val Borbëa or Borbéia; Piedmontese: Val Borbaja) is a valley formed by the River Borbera, a tributary of the Scrivia, located in the province of Alessandria. It was historically linked to the Republic of Genoa, the Ligurian Republic and is still strongly tied to Liguria.

## Geography

This valley is wedged between Val Boreca (Piacenza) to the east; Val Vobbia, Val Brevenna and Alta Val Trebbia (Genoa) and Valle Spinti (Alessandria and Genoa) to the south; and Val Curone, Val Grue and Valley Ossona (Alessandria) to the north. It is bordered to the west by Valle Scrivia.

## History

The valley is surrounded by high mountains, making it a place isolated from the surrounding valleys, little touched by industrialization and with a well-preserved environment. Up until the beginning of the 20th century, there was no road connecting the upper with the lower valley, the main passageway being the gravel riverbed in the dry season. It is the only valley of Piedmont bordering on the Emilia-Romagna region.
Until about the 1950s, viticulture was very widespread, especially in the lower valley. Today, a special grape variety is still cultivated in the valley, the Timorasso, which is known and appreciated even outside the valley. There are a lot of chestnut woods in the valley, but chestnuts are no longer harvested as before. Also, the water mills in the valley are no longer in operation, so chestnut flour is now produced outside the valley. Val Borbera is also known for a special kind of potatoes, namely the patata quarantina bianca genovese, and the fagiolane, a rather large, white bean that is very appreciated and used gastronomically in the Province of Alessandria.
Its population has been considered a genetic isolate.
# Ostrówek, Siedlce County

Ostrówek is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Siedlce, within Siedlce County, Masovian Voivodeship, in east-central Poland.
# Jacob Samuel Speyer

Jacob Samuel Speyer (20 December 1849 – 1 November 1913) was a Dutch philologist and translator from Sanskrit.

## Biography

Born to a Jewish family in Amsterdam, Jacob Samuel Speyer first attended the Gymnasium before joining the Athenaeum Illustre at the age of not yet 16. He afterwards studied classics at Amsterdam for three years, and then Sanskrit at the University of Leiden, from where he awarded a Ph.D. on 21 December 1872.
Speyer thereafter officiated as teacher at Hoorn and (1873–1888) at the gymnasium of Amsterdam. On 15 October 1877, he was appointed lecturer in Sanskrit and comparative philology at the University of Amsterdam, and he was about to receive a professorship there when he was called to Gröningen as professor of Latin in December 1888. He held this chair until 20 March 1903, when he was appointed to succeed his former teacher Hendrik Kern as professor of Sanskrit at the University of Leiden.
Among other publications, Speyer was the author of an English translation of the Jatakamala, which appeared as the first volume of Max Müller's Sacred Books of the Buddhists, as well as an English version of the Avadanasataka. He was a member of the Royal Academy of Arts and Sciences from 1889, and a knight of the Order of the Netherlands Lion. From 1893 to 1904 he was editor of the Museum.

## Partial bibliography

* Speyer, J. S. (1872). Specimen Inaugurale de Ceremonia apud Indos Quæ Vocatur Jatakarma (in Latin). Leiden: Hazenberg.
* — (1886). Lanx Satura. Program of the Gymnasium of Amsterdam.
* — (1886). Sanskrit Syntax. Leiden: E. J. Brill.
* — (1887). Blijspelen van Plautus. Grieksche en latijnsche schrijvers, etc.,xi (in Dutch). Leiden: E. J. Brill.
* — (1888). De waarde van het Sanskrit voor de wetenschap van de taal (in Dutch). Amsterdam: S. L. van Looy.
* — (1891). Observationes et Emendationes.
* — (1896). Vedische- und Sanskritsyntax. Grundriss der Indo-Arischen Philologie. Vol. 1. doi:10.1515/9783111581842. ISBN 978-3-11-120877-0.
* — (1897). Phædri Fabulæ.
* — (1900–1901). Latijnsche Spraakkunst (3rd ed.).
* Ârya Sûra (1895). Müller, F. Max (ed.). The Gâtakamâlâ: or, Garland of Birth-Stories. Sacred Books of the Buddhists. Vol. 1. Translated by —. London: Henry Frowde.
* Avādanaçataka: A Century of Edifying Tales Belonging to the Hīnayāna. Bibliotheca Buddhica. Vol. 3. Translated by —. St. Petersburg: St.-Pétersbourg [Académie impériale des sciences]. 1902.
* — (1908). Studies about the Kathāsaritsāgara. Amsterdam: Johannes Müller.
* — (1911). Hindoeïsme (in Dutch). Baarn: Hollandia-Drukkerij.
# Osuchów, Żyrardów County

Osuchów is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Mszczonów, within Żyrardów County, Masovian Voivodeship, in east-central Poland. It lies approximately 10 kilometres (6 mi) south-east of Mszczonów, 20 km (12 mi) south-east of Żyrardów, and 46 km (29 mi) south-west of Warsaw.
# Oszczerze

Oszczerze is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Grębków, within Węgrów County, Masovian Voivodeship, in east-central Poland. It lies approximately 7 kilometres (4 mi) north-east of Grębków, 12 km (7 mi) south of Węgrów, and 69 km (43 mi) east of Warsaw.
# Noor Al Suwaidi

Noor Al Suwaidi (Arabic: نور السويدي; born 1981) is an artist and curator from the United Arab Emirates.

## Biography

Al Suwaidi was born in 1981. She grew up in Abu Dhabi. She went to the Al Khansaa government school in Al Buteen. She has three sisters and one brother. It was clear she had artistic talent from a young age, talent which was nurtured by her father in particular. She graduated in 2004 with a BA in Studio Art from the American University. In 2009 she graduated from Kingston University with an MA in Curating Contemporary Design. She was the first person from the Middle East to study on her MA course. Prior to studying for her MA she worked for Dubai Holdings. She is a part-time lecturer at the College of Art and Creative Enterprises at Zayed University in Abu Dhabi. As a curator of contemporary art, she specialises in the work of other Emirati artists. She is a founding member of the Cultural and Arts Authority in Dubai. In 2017 she was invited by the Louvre Abu Dhabi to discuss Bellini's Madonna and Child.
Al Suwaidi has described how her figurative paintings can reflect Arabic calligraphy. Her artistic practice focusses on work in paint and collage. In 2011 her work Bare with Me was sold at Christie's as part of a wider sale of Arab, Iranian and Turkish contemporary art. She has taken part in a number of artistic residencies in London, Rome and Berlin. In 2011 she held her first solo exhibition in London at the Cork Street Gallery, which was entitled Like Coral I Create Clouds. A number of her works are held in the collection of the Barjeel Art Foundation, including paintings Landscape of Colour and Dreamers, as well as the sculptural work The Head.
# Khonogor

Khonogor (Russian: Хоногор; Yakut: Хоноҕор, Xonoğor) is a rural locality (a selo) in Suottunsky Rural Okrug of Ust-Aldansky District in the Sakha Republic, Russia, located 76 kilometers (47 mi) from Borogontsy, the administrative center of the district, and 4 kilometers (2.5 mi) from Ogorodtakh, the administrative center of the rural okrug. Its population at the 2002 census was 742.
# Verkola

Verkola (Russian: Ве́ркола) is a rural locality (a selo) and the administrative center of Verkolskoye Rural Settlement of Pinezhsky District, Arkhangelsk Oblast, Russia. The population was 370 as of 2010. There are 7 streets.

## Geography

Verkola is located on the Pinega River, 49 km southeast of Karpogory (the district's administrative centre) by road. Novy Put is the nearest rural locality.
# Tasty Made

Tasty Made was an American restaurant specializing in hamburgers, french fries and milkshakes. The first and only Tasty opened on October 27, 2016, in Lancaster, Ohio and closed on February 28, 2018. Tasty Made was owned and operated by Chipotle Mexican Grill, and used a similar serving format. Like Chipotle, the Tasty Made restaurant was company-owned, rather than franchised. Its competitors included Five Guys, Smash Burger and Shake Shack.

## History

On July 29, 2016, the company announced the opening of its first Tasty Made burger restaurant in the fall. The first located was revealed to be in Lancaster, Ohio. Chipotle had trademarked Better Burger earlier in the year. Tasty Made was announced to have a focused menu like early burger restaurant which were limited to burgers, fries and milkshakes. Ohio was selected as culinary manager Nate Appleman and national training director David Chrisman are both from the state and help design the concept.
The first Tasty Made opened on October 27, 2016, at 732 N. Memorial Drive in Lancaster, Ohio. The opening came after a July 2016 announcement that the first location would be in Lancaster. Chipotle Mexican Grill founder, Steve Ells, said that the chain would only be making a limited menu of burgers, fries and milkshakes. At the opening, it was also announced that there would be a second location opening in nearby Pickerington, Ohio, though since the announcement, the planned location has been made into a traditional Chipotle restaurant.
In September 2017, the company announced that it would be partnering with Richard Blais who found fame on Bravo's Top Chef and frequently appears on Food Network programs. According to a company press release, he would be looking at company and the menu "with a fresh eye." On December 4, 2017, the company released the revamped menu that featured two new hamburgers, seasonal milkshakes and a fry bar station.
On February 28, 2018, the Lancaster Eagle-Gazette reported that the location would be closing after only 16 months of operation. The paper quoted a spokesman saying, "While we liked the concept and the delicious food at Tasty Made, the economics were not what we wanted them to be in Lancaster, Ohio." Also according to the newspaper, the restaurant was criticized almost immediately after opening for the quality of its food.
# March for Life (Paris)

The Paris March for Life (French: Marche pour la vie) is an annual demonstration protesting abortion held in Paris in late January, close to the anniversary date of the 1975 law that legalized abortion in France. The event was created in 2005 by several French anti-abortion organizations the thirtieth year of legal abortion which it is opposed to. It defines itself as non-denominational and non-partisan.
Over the years, the Paris March for Life has become the largest annual anti-abortion gathering in Europe. Estimates of the number of marchers in 2008 range from 2,500 to 20,000. The rally attracts delegations from European countries other than France, notably Italy, Spain, Belgium, the UK, Poland, Switzerland, Germany and Ireland.
2010 saw a sharp rise in attendance, possibly as high as 25,000, compared to 15,000 in 2009. These numbers have since increased to 50,000 in 2017.
# This Blinding Absence of Light

This Blinding Absence of Light (French: Cette aveuglante absence de lumière) is a 2001 novel by the Moroccan writer Tahar Ben Jelloun, translated from French by Linda Coverdale. Its narrative is based on the testimony of a former inmate at Tazmamart, a Moroccan secret prison for political prisoners, with extremely harsh conditions.

## Plot

The plot is based around the events following the second failed coup d'etat against the late Hassan II of Morocco in August 1972. The protagonist is a prisoner in Tazmamart, who, despite being a fictional character, is based on accounts of the prisoners who survived their incarceration there.
The plot focuses on how prisoners who were kept in the extremely harsh conditions of Tazmamart survived, through religious devotion, imagination and communication. The prisoners spent their sentences in cells that are described as being only 5 ft (1.5 m) in height and 10 ft (3.0 m) long. The prisoners in the novel are not actively tortured, but are fed poorly and live without light.

## Reception

Maureen Freely reviewed the book for The Guardian, and wrote that "it defies any expectations you might have built up from [knowing about Tazmamart]. It refuses the well-meaning but tired and ultimately dehumanising conventions of human rights horror journalism; it is not a political tract.... Although it is technically a novel, it is a novel stripped, like its subject, of all life's comforts." Freely wrote about the main character that "there is something Beckettian about his limited environment and studied hopelessness", and compared his literary voice to "the language of Islamic mysticism". Freely ended the review: "It is, despite its dark materials, a joy to read."
The novel received the International Dublin Literary Award in 2004.
# Vigan Airport

Vigan Airport (ICAO: RPUQ), also known as Mindoro Airport, is an airport serving the general area of Vigan, the capital of the province of Ilocos Sur, located in the province of Ilocos Sur in the Philippines. The airport is the only one located in Ilocos Sur, at Barangay Mindoro (and not on the island of Mindoro).
It is classified as a community airport by the Civil Aviation Authority of the Philippines, the part of the Department of Transportation that is responsible for the operations of all airports in the Philippines except the major international airports.
Previously, the airport was considered by the city government as a "sleeping asset", since no revenue was generated from its operations. Plans were made by the city to expand and modernize the airport, in part to lighten the burden of traveling to Vigan from Manila and other cities and towns by bus, as well as to develop the city's burgeoning tourism industry.
On March 19, 2009, Interisland Airlines began flying between the airport and Manila but was discontinued after a few months due to low demand.
In February 2017, the airport re-opened for commercial flights after eight years of private use. Platinum Skies, controlled by former Ilocos Sur governor Chavit Singson, began flights between Vigan and Manila on February 17, 2017 and between Vigan and Basco starting April 2017.
In around 2020s, ABS-CBN's program, FPJ's Ang Probinsyano shot some scenes in the Airport
On May 25, 2022, the Department of Transportation (DOTr) and the Civil Aviation Authority of the Philippines (CAAP) inaugurated the completed Vigan Airport development projects includes the improved the Passenger Terminal Building, including the arrival and pre-departure areas and the construction of the airport’s Administrative Building, a powerhouse, and the provision of runaway features. This increased the capacity of Vigan Airport’s previous capacity of only 40 to 150 passengers.

## Airlines and destinations

| Airlines | Destinations |
| Platinum Skies | Basco, Manila |