OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Democratic Party of Emilia-Romagna

The Democratic Party of Emilia-Romagna (Italian: Partito Democratico Emilia-Romagna, PDER) is a social-democratic political party in Italy, acting as the regional faction of the Democratic Party. The PD is the largest party by representation in Emilia-Romagna and it led a coalition formed by Left Ecology Freedom and Italy of Values which had a supermajority in the regional Legislative Assembly. The party's leader was Vasco Errani, who was President of Emilia-Romagna until 14 July 2014.
The Democratic Party is the heir of the Italian Communist Party which governed Emilia-Romagna for almost sixty years; in fact, Emilia-Romagna is considered by public opinion a "red region", or rather a region which has been governed only by centre-left or left-wing Presidents, and where social-democratic, socialist and communist parties gained the majority of votes in every elections.
Other than Vasco Errani prominent members of the PDER include Virginio Merola, Graziano Delrio and Stefano Bonaccini.

## Popular support

The electoral results of the Democratic Party in the Emilia-Romagna are shown in the table below. As PD was founded in 2007, the electoral results from 1994 to 2006 refer to the combined result of the two main percursor parties, the Democrats of the Left and Democracy is Freedom – The Daisy (and its precursors, 1994–2001), or to the joint-list called The Olive Tree.
| Region | 1994 general | 1995 regional | 1996 general | 1999 European | 2000 regional | 2001 general | 2004 European | 2005 regional | 2006 general | 2008 general | 2009 European | 2010 regional | 2013 general | 2014 European | 2014 regional | 2018 general |
| Emilia-Romagna | 51.4 | 52.3 | 47.5 | 43.7 | 43.9 | 44.3 | 43.0 | 48.1 | 44.8 | 45.7 | 38.6 | 40.6 | 37.0 | 52.5 | 44.5 | 26.4 |

## Electoral results

Chamber of Deputies :
| Election year | # of overall votes | % of overall vote | # of overall seats won | +/– |
| 2008 | 1,282,534 (#1) | 45.70 | 20 / 45 | – |
| Major party in coalition led by Walter Veltroni. ||||||
| 2013 | 989,660 (#1) | 37.04 | 28 / 45 | 8 |
| Major party in Italy. Common Good led by Pier Luigi Bersani. ||||||
| 2018 | 668,837 (#2) | 26.38 | 18 / 45 | 10 |
| Major party in coalition led by Matteo Renzi. ||||||
Senate of the Republic :
| Election year | # of overall votes | % of overall vote | # of overall seats won | +/– |
| 2008 | 1,193,939 (#1) | 45.40 | 12 / 22 | – |
| Major party in coalition led by Walter Veltroni. |||||
| 2013 | 977,617 (#1) | 39.16 | 13 / 22 | 1 |
| Major party in Italy. Common Good led by Pier Luigi Bersani. |||||
| 2018 | 621,521 (#2) | 26.33 | 8 / 22 | 5 |
| Major party in coalition led by Matteo Renzi. |||||
Legislative Assembly :
| Election year | # of overall votes | % of overall vote | # of overall seats won | +/– | Leader |
| 2010 | 857,613 (#1) | 40.6 | 28 / 50 | – | Vasco Errani |
| Senior party in the government coalition led by Vasco Errani. ||||||
| 2014 | 535,109 (#1) | 44.5 | 30 / 50 | 2 | Stefano Bonaccini |
| Senior party in the government coalition led by Stefano Bonaccini. ||||||
# Vibrio metschnikovii

Vibrio metschnikovii is a Gram-negative species of bacteria found in freshwater and marine environments. V. metschnikovii is an emergent pathogen in humans, causing gastrointestinal disease and wound infections.
V. metschnikovii was named in honor of Russian biologist, Élie Metchnikoff.

## Characteristics

Vibrio metschnikovii is a halophilic Gram-negative rod. They are facultatively anaerobic and motile through a single polar flagellum. They are catalase positive. V. metschnikovii is the only pathogenic Vibrio that is oxidase negative. They grow readily on routine laboratory including TCBS agar and blood agar.

## Disease

Vibrio metschnikovii is an infrequent cause of disease in humans, with 13 cases reported between 1981 and 2014. In 2019, there were six reported cases of V. metschnikovii infections in the US in 2019.
# Johann Hartwich

Johann Hartwich was a male Austrian international table tennis player.
He won a bronze medal at the 1947 World Table Tennis Championships in the Swaythling Cup (men's team event).
# Harutyun Abrahamyan

Harutyun Abrahamyan (Armenian: Հարություն Աբրահամյան, born 4 December 1969 in Yerevan, Armenian SSR) is a retired football goalkeeper from Armenia. He obtained a total number of twenty six caps for the national team. Abrahamyan made his debut on 14 October 1992 in a friendly against Moldova (0–0). Apart from playing in his native country he spent one year in Iran with Keshavarz F.C. (1996–97).

## National team statistics

Armenia national team :
| Year | Apps | Goals |
| 1992 | 1 | 0 |
| 1993 | 0 | 0 |
| 1994 | 2 | 0 |
| 1995 | 5 | 0 |
| 1996 | 5 | 0 |
| 1997 | 1 | 0 |
| 1998 | 1 | 0 |
| 1999 | 1 | 0 |
| 2000 | 5 | 0 |
| 2001 | 5 | 0 |
| Total | 26 | 0 |
# Nowruzi, Quchan

Nowruzi (Persian: نوروزي, also Romanized as Nowrūzī and Naurūzi; also known as Kalāteh-ye Nowrūzī) is a village in Quchan Atiq Rural District, in the Central District of Quchan County, Razavi Khorasan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 573, in 139 families.
# Dutch ship Minerva (1787)

Minerva was launched in 1787 at Veere for the navy of the Dutch Republic. In 1799 the Royal Navy captured her. She became HMS Braak, but the Navy sold her with the arrival of the Peace of Amiens. Daniel Bennet purchased her and she became the whaler Africaine or African or Africa. She made two whaling voyages. After 1805 she was still listed in Lloyd's Register for some years but there is no record of further whaling or other voyages.

## Dutch navy

Admiral Mitchel's squadron captured Minerva on 28 August 1799 in the New Diep off Texel.

## Royal Navy

Minerva arrived at Sheerness on 3 May 1800. The Royal Navy took Minerva into service as HMS Braak, the former Braak having been lost in 1798. Braak underwent fitting between July 1800 and September 1801.
Captain John Mason Lewis commissioned Braak in August 1801. However, the Navy sold her in 1802.
The "Principal Officers and Commissioners of His Majesty's Navy" offered "Braak, 615 Tons, Copper-bottomed, lying at Deptford" for sale on 9 September 1802. She sold on that day or shortly thereafter.

## Whaler

The shipowner Daniel Bennett purchased Braak and renamed her Africaine (or Africa, or African). She first appeared in Lloyd's Register in 1803 as African with R. Jones, master, and Bennett, owner, and trade London–South Seas.
Captain Ransom Jones sailed from England on 4 February 1803, bound for the Isle of Desolation. He returned on 22 May 1804 with a reported 7000 barrels of oil.
Captain Ransom (or Ranson) Jones received a letter of marque on 18 July 1804. He sailed on 18 August 1804, again bound for the Isle of Desolation. She was reported to have been "all well" there on 25 February 1805.
On 3 August 1805 African left Saint Helena in a convoy under escort by HMS Calcutta. On 26 September the convoy was in the Channel south of the Isles of Scilly when it encountered Admiral Allemand's squadron. Calcutta ordered the convoy to make for England while she engaged the French. The French ultimately captured Calcutta, but by her sacrifice Calcutta had saved the convoy.
A French frigate chased African for some time but African escaped by "superior sailing". African reached Falmouth, and then returned to her moorings on 4 October 1805 with 70,000 seal skins, and oil.

## Fate

African was last listed in 1810 but with data unchanged from 1805. One source reports that she was broken up and her registration cancelled in 1817.
# Savu Sea

The Savu Sea (or the Sawu Sea) (Indonesian: Laut Sawu, Portuguese: Mar de Savu, Tetum: Tasi Savu) is a small sea within Indonesia named for the island of Savu (Sawu) on its southern boundary. It is bounded by Savu and Raijua to the south, the islands of Rote and Timor (split between East Timor and Indonesia) to the east, Flores and the Alor archipelago to the north/northwest, and the island of Sumba to the west/northwest. Between these islands, it flows into the Indian Ocean to the south and west, the Flores Sea to the north, and the Banda Sea to the northeast.
The Savu Sea reaches about 3,500 metres (11,500 ft) in depth. It spans about 600 km from west to east, and 200 km from north to south. The largest city on the sea is Kupang, the capital of East Nusa Tenggara province on the island of Timor, with about 450,000 inhabitants.

## Extent

The International Hydrographic Organization (IHO) defines the Savu Sea as being one of the waters of the East Indian Archipelago. The IHO defines its limits as follows:
   On the North. By the Southern limits of Flores Sea [The North coasts of Flores, Komodo, Banta and a line to Tanjong Naroe the Northeast point of Soembawa, thence along its North coast to Tanjong Sarokaja (8°22′S 117°10′E﻿ / ﻿8.367°S 117.167°E﻿ / -8.367; 117.167)] and Banda Sea [125° East ... [on] Alor Island, thence round the East point and along the North coasts of the Alor, Pantar, Lomblen and Adoenara Islands and thence across the Northern end of Flores Stait to Tanjong Serbete the Eastern extreme of Flores].
   On the East. By the meridian of 125° East between Alor and Timor.
   On the South. By a line from the Southwest point of Timor to the Northeast point of Roti, through this island to its Southwest point, thence a line to Poeloe Dana (10°49′S 121°17′E﻿ / ﻿10.817°S 121.283°E﻿ / -10.817; 121.283) and to Tanjong Ngoendjoe, the Southern extreme of Soemba and through this island to Tanjong Karosso, its Western point.
   On the West. A line from Tanjong Karosso (Soemba) to Toro Doro (8°53′S 118°30′E﻿ / ﻿8.883°S 118.500°E﻿ / -8.883; 118.500) on the South coast of Soembawa.

## Bodies of waters within Savu

* Molo Strait – body of waters between Flores and Rinca connects with Savu Sea/Sumba Strait to the south and Flores Sea to the north
# Scaled Composites Catbird

The Scaled Composites Model 81 Catbird is a high-efficiency five-seat single-engine all-composite general aviation aircraft designed by Burt Rutan. It is unusual in that it incorporates both a small forward wing and a small conventional horizontal stabilizer on the tail.

## Design and development

The Catbird was designed by Burt Rutan while his company, Scaled Composites, was owned by Beechcraft. The design was intended to replace the long-produced Bonanza. The financial situation of Beech at the time, and competing projects, prevented consideration of commercial production. In 1988 Beechcraft sold Scaled Composites to the partnership of Rutan and the Wyman-Gordon Company, who also acquired the rights to a number of the designs, including Model 81 Catbird.
The aircraft was stored inverted from the ceiling of Scaled Composites' Mojave hangar until April 2011. The aircraft was restored to flying condition by Zach Reeder, Jim Reed and Mike Melvill. Catbird's second first flight was July 7, 2011.

## World records

Catbird holds the world record for speed over a closed circuit of 5,000 km without payload of 334.44 km/h, set in 2014 in Category C-1c, Landplanes with take-off weights from 1000 to 1750 kg.
The aircraft won the CAFE Foundation's 1988 California CAFE 400 race flown by Mike Melvill, in which aircraft compete for performance efficiency, as measured by fuel consumption, speed and payload. Piloted by Dick Rutan, it subsequently won the 1993 CAFE Challenge with a record score and a speed of 210.73 mph (339.14 km/h), fuel consumption of 20.15 mpg (US miles and gallons) and a payload of 976.63 pounds (442.99 kg).
In 2014, the Catbird set another record, for speed over a closed 2,000 km course, from Mojave to EAA AirVenture Oshkosh, with an average speed of 339.50 km/h (211 mph).

## Specifications (Model 81 Catbird)

Data from EAA
General characteristics
* Crew: one
* Capacity: four passengers
* Powerplant: 1 × Lycoming TIO-360-C1A6D , 210 hp (160 kW)
Performance
* Maximum speed: 238 kn (274 mph, 441 km/h)
* Cruise speed: 218 kn (251 mph, 404 km/h)
* Rate of climb: 2,000 ft/min (10 m/s)
Avionics
* Northstar M1 Loran
# Contact Conference

Contact is an annual interdisciplinary conference that brings together renowned social and space scientists, science fiction writers and artists to exchange ideas, stimulate new perspectives, and encourage serious, creative speculation about humanity's future. The intent of Contact is to promote the integration of human factors into space research and policy, to explore the intersection of science and art, and to develop ethical approaches to cross-cultural contact. Since its beginnings, the Contact conference has fostered interdisciplinary inquiries into art, literature, exploration and scientific investigation.
Contact was conceived by anthropologist Jim Funaro in 1979, and the first formal conference was held in 1983 in Santa Cruz, California. Twenty-six annual events have followed and several held at NASA Ames Research Center. In many previous years, the COTI HI project involved teams of high school students in the creation of scientifically accurate extraterrestrial beings, and in simulated encounters between two such races.
Many spin-off organizations have formed, on line, and as far away as Japan. One such organization is the Contact consortium, which is focused on the medium of contact in multi-user virtual worlds on the Internet.
Contact has been closely allied with the SETI Institute, and its early participants created the hypothetical planet Epona as covered in the Discovery Channel documentary Natural History of an Alien.
The 27th Contact conference was held on March 31 – April 2, 2012, at the SETI Institute and the Domain Hotel, in Sunnyvale, California. Beginning with the 28th conference, held in Mountain View, the organization adopted a biennial schedule. The 29th conference was held on April 1–3, 2016, at the Domain Hotel, California.
# Samson Yego

Samson Yego (born 1 September 1971) is a Kenyan sprinter. He competed in the 4 × 400 metres relay at the 1996 Summer Olympics and the 2000 Summer Olympics.
# Kfar Kidde

34°12′10″N 35°39′16″E﻿ / ﻿34.20278°N 35.65444°E﻿ / 34.20278; 35.65444 Kfar Kidde (Arabic: كفر كدّه) is a town in Northern Lebanon, roughly 51 km North of Beirut. It is in the Byblos District of Keserwan-Jbeil Governorate, located along the Mediterranean coast.
# Qeshlaq-e Yuseflu

Qeshlaq-e Yuseflu (Persian: قشلاق يوسفلو, also Romanized as Qeshlāq-e Yūseflū; also known as Chākherlū and Chākheyrlū) is a village in Garamduz Rural District, Garamduz District, Khoda Afarin County, East Azerbaijan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 56, in 10 families.
# Merkhet

The merkhet or merjet (Ancient Egyptian: mrḫt, 'instrument of knowing') was an ancient surveying and timekeeping instrument. It involved the use of a bar with a plumb line, attached to a wooden handle. It was used to track the alignment of certain stars called decans or "baktiu" in the Ancient Egyptian. When visible, the stars could be used to measure the time at night. There were 10 stars for the 10 hours of the night; the day had a total of 24 hours including 12 hours for the day, 1 hour for sunset, and 1 hour for sunrise. Merkhets were used to replace sundials, which were useless during the dark.

## Design

The exact design of the merkhet consists of a horizontal bar, usually carved from wood or bone, with a plumb line hanging from a transverse hole at one raised end of the bar, attached to a controlling wooden handle. As deduced by texts and engravings on the inner walls of the temples of Dendera and Edfu, the merkhet was typically used in conjunction with a corresponding sighting tool, which the Egyptians called a bay, itself made from a specially cut palm-rib with a sliced "V" shape at one end. The two together could also be used, as appropriate, to determine North.
The meridian line was crucial to the Egyptians when they observed the movement of celestial bodies across the night sky. As the earth rotates, all the visible objects in the sky all cross this line. The Egyptians determined time by observing the transits of particular stars as they crossed the meridian and came into alignment with two merkhets, one of which was aligned with Polaris (and so indicated north). The names of the celestial bodies used to determine time in this way are not known.

## Surviving examples

A few merkhets have been preserved, including one in the Science Museum in London. This particular exhibit dates to 600 BC, and, according to a related inscription, belonged to the son of a priest who hailed from a temple dedicated to the Egyptian god Horus, located close to Edfu in Upper Egypt.
# Mar Jain Bhi To Kya

Mar Jain Bhi To Kya (Urdu: مر جائیں بھی تو کیا) is a popular Pakistani Soap directed by Saif-e-Hassan and written by Iqbal Bano.

## Cast
### Main cast

* Farhan Ali Agha as Raza Ali Khan
* Arij Fatyma as Salia
* Syed Jibran as Irfan
* Eshita Mehboob as Samina
* Jana Malik as Tara

### Other credited cast

* Anum Fayyaz as Zareen
* Asma Jahangir as Saida
* Kunwar Nafees as Nadir
* Saif-e-Hassan
* Sheirin Maqsood
* Afshan Qureshi as Phuppu Nadir's Mother
* Niaz Ali khan
* Naeem Sheikh
* Seema Sehar as Salia's Mother
* Nasar-ul-Allah Khan
* Paray Paleejo
* Esha Noor as Maria
* Sania
* Ayesha Ali
* Salma Shaheen
* 'Manoj
* Zakir Babar
* Ammad
* Marya Rehman
* Abbas
* Kanwal
* Murtaza

### Child artist

* Muhammad Ali
* Mushk Mohyuddin
* Abdul Qadir
* Zainab
* Hamza Mohyuddin
* Dania
* Shaizel

## Soundtrack

The theme song Mar Jain Bhi To Kya was composed by Shaiby and sung by Saima Iqbal. It was written by Director Saif-e-Hassan.
# Ihor Voronchenko

Ihor Oleksandrovych Voronchenko (Ukrainian: Воронченко Ігор Олександрович; born 22 August 1964) is a Ukrainian admiral and a former commander of the Ukrainian Navy.
Before becoming commander of the Ukrainian Navy, Voronchenko held the staff position in General Staff, the position of chief of the Coastal Defense Administration (Ukrainian Navy), and was a commander of a former National Guard of Ukraine regiment that was later transformed into a battalion of Marine Infantry. Voronchenko served in Crimea starting in 1998.

## Career

Voronchenko was born 22 August 1964 in the village of Babai in Kharkiv Raion.
After graduation from the Tashkent Higher Tank Command School Voronchenko was assigned to East-Germany where he was commander of a tank platoon until 1988. Voronchenko then became a commander of a tank company in the Belarusian Military District. After the collapse of the Soviet Union he returned to Ukraine and continued service in the National Guard of Ukraine in Kharkiv. Then he graduated from the Academy of the Armed Forces of Ukraine. Starting in 1998, he served in Crimea on the post of commander of a National Guard regiment. And then became Crimea's chief of the Coastal Defense Administration of the Ukrainian Navy.
During the February/March 2014 Russian annexation of Crimea Voronchenko was captured and detained for 4 days in Crimea before being released on 27 March 2014.
Voronchenko was appointed acting commander of the Ukrainian Navy on 25 April 2016. And on 3 July 2016 President Petro Poroshenko appointed him as commander of the Ukrainian Navy. The same day Voronchenko was conferred the rank of Vice Admiral (on 25 April 2016 he held the rank of Lieutenant General). On 23 August 2018 he was promoted to the rank of Admiral. On 11 June 2020 President Volodymyr Zelensky appointed Oleksiy Neizhpapa as commander of the Ukrainian Navy.
# Copyzero

Copyzero is a mechanism of protection of works by means of a qualified digital signature and a time mark. This mechanism lies in converting the work into digital format and appending the digital signature (which characterizes the author of the work) and a time mark (which indicates the existence of the work since given time) to the file.
In the Italian legal system, the digital signature has the same probative value as a certificate of SIAE (Società Italiana degli Autori ed Editori, Italian society of authors and publishers) but a cost much smaller (0,36 Euro, cost of one time mark, rather than corresponding 110 euro for renewal of the certificate every 5 years).
The duration of a time mark is 4 years: in order to extend the period of validity it is sufficient to append a new time mark to the marked file before the old time mark expires. However, the expired mark can be rightfully used in a court ruling up to 10 years from the date it was appended.
The instruments used by Copyzero are the device of a qualified digital signature (a smart card obtainable at certification authorities like e.g. the Chamber of Commerce) and the corresponding reader (for sale at computer stores).

## Sources

Translation of the Copyzero article at the Italian Wikipedia.
# Comasco dialect

Comasco (endonym: comasch), anglicized as Comasque, is a dialect belonging to the Western branch of Lombard language, spoken in the city and suburbs of Como. Comasco is part of the Comasco-Lecchese dialect group.

## History

The Comasco dialect evolved as a consequence of its origins and influences. In ancient times, the Lake Como area was inhabited by Orobi, Leponzi, and Etruscan tribes. As with the rest of the Po Valley, the area was subject to invasions by the Gauls. In Roman times, the Latin spoken in the Lake Como area was influenced by the Celtic substratum, contributing to the phonetic and lexical formation of today's dialect. In the early Middle Ages, the area was occupied by the Lombards, who probably spoke a dialect of the Saxon language and brought a further, albeit small, lexical contribution. In the late Middle Ages, the Lake Como territory became part of the Duchy of Milan.

## Characteristics

It shares similarities with Milanese, but more precisely consists of a transition between Brianzöö and Ticinese, in fact both the masculine singular article ul (typical of central Brianzöö) and el (typical of Milanese and Ticinese) are used. Generally, it has harder sounds than other dialects.
# Serhiy Potalov

Serhiy Potalov (Ukrainian: Сергій Поталов; Russian: Сергей Поталов: Sergei Potalov) is a Ukrainian former pair skater. He teamed up with Olena Bilousivska in mid-1994. In autumn 1995, they won silver at the Nebelhorn Trophy and bronze at Skate Israel. They placed in the top ten at the 1995 European Championships in Dortmund, the 1996 European Championships in Sofia, and the 1996 World Championships in Edmonton. The pair was coached by Halyna Kukhar.

## Results

(with Bilousivska)
International :
| Event | 1994–95 | 1995–96 |
| World Championships | 12th | 9th |
| European Championships | 8th | 7th |
| GP Nations Cup | | 8th |
| GP Skate America | 7th | 7th |
| GP Skate Canada | 4th | 5th |
| Nebelhorn Trophy | | 2nd |
| Skate Israel | | 3rd |
| National |||
| Ukrainian Championships | 1st | |
| GP = Became part of Champions Series in 1995–96 season (later renamed Grand Prix) |||
# Lisa de la Motte

Lisa de la Motte (born April 16, 1985) is a Swazi former swimmer, who specialized in butterfly events. De la Motte competed for Swaziland in the women's 100 m butterfly at the 2000 Summer Olympics in Sydney. She received a ticket from FINA, under a Universality program, in an entry time of 1:08.86. She participated in heat one against two other swimmers Angela Galea of Malta and Tracy Ann Route of Micronesia. Coming from second at the final turn, she edged out Galea on the final stretch to pick up a top seed in a Swazi record of 1:06.70. De la Motte's effortless triumph was not enough to put her through to the semifinals, as she placed forty-fifth overall on the first day of prelims.
# Transient loss of consciousness

Transient loss of consciousness (TLOC) is a brief period of unconsciousness which resolves spontaneously. It may be traumatic—as in a concussion—or non-traumatic in origin. Common causes of non-traumatic TLOC include syncope and epileptic seizures.