OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Blankenhain

Blankenhain is a town in the Weimarer Land district, in Thuringia, Germany. It is 14 km (8.7 miles) south of Weimar.

## History

Until the Napoleonic Wars, Blankenhain had been a part of the Duchy of Saxe-Weimar. After the Fourth Coalition's defeat at Jena and Auerstedt, Napoleon attached the Lordship of Blankenhain to the Principality of Erfurt, directly subordinate to himself as an "imperial state domain" (French: domaine réservé à l'empereur), separate from the Confederation of the Rhine (nominally a French protectorate set up to replace the now-defunct Holy Roman Empire), which the surrounding Thuringian states had joined.
After the Congress of Vienna, Erfurt was restored to Prussia on 21 June 1815, becoming the capital of one of the three districts (Regierungsbezirke) of the new Province of Saxony, but some southern and eastern parts of Erfurter lands joined Blankenhain in being transferred to the newly promoted Grand Duchy of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach the following September.
Blankenhain remained within Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach through the era of the German Empire (1871–1918) and into the Weimar Republic until it merged with 7 of the 8 other Saxon duchies to form the Free State of Thuringia (German: Freistaat Thüringen). After being controlled briefly by the United States, from July 1945, the state of Thuringia came under the Soviet occupation zone, and was expanded to include parts of Prussian Saxony, including Erfurt, which became the new capital of Thuringia. In 1952, East Germany dissolved its states, and created districts (Bezirke) instead, with Blankenhain sitting within the rural district Kreis Weimar-Land, in Bezirk Erfurt. The State of Thuringia was restored with slightly altered borders during German reunification in 1990.
During the UEFA Euro 2024 tournament, the England national football team were based in Blankenhain.

### Sons and daughters of the city

* Otto Hammann (1852–1928), jurist
* Jörg Schneider (born 1948), paleontologist
* Christina Grosse (born 1970), actress

### People who are connected to Blankenhain

* Johann Christoph Bach (1689–1740), organist, cousin of Johann Sebastian Bach
* Max Burchartz (1887–1961), graphican and painter, lived for a long time in Blankenhain
* Wilhelm Hegeler (1870–1943), writer, lived for several years in Blankenhain
* Max Oehler (1881–1943), painter, had a garden in Blankenhain, painted the city and its surroundings
# Italian Union of School Workers

The Italian Union of School Workers (Italian: Unione Italiana del Lavoro Scuola, UIL SCUOLA) is a trade union representing workers in the education sector in Italy.
In 1959, the Trade Union Movement of Schoolmaster Unity was established, representing primary school teachers. It joined the Italian Labour Union (UIL), and in 1961 dissolved itself into the new Independent Italian Primary School Union. In 1965, it began admitting all school and university staff, at all levels of teaching, and renamed itself as the Italian Federation of Independent School Workers. In 1973, it also began representing workers in vocational education, and adopted its current name.
In 1976, the union absorbed the Independent Federation of Non-Teaching Staff Unions, and parts of three independent education unions also transferred. By 1997, the union had 59,296 members.

## General Secretaries

    1961: Benito Renzi
    1965: Giorgio Ferrari
    1973: Nunzio Penna
    1970s: Benito Renzi
    1977: Domenico Buttinelli (acting)
    1979: Osvaldo Pagliuca
    1998: Massimo Di Menna
    2015: Pino Turi
# Haligovce

Haligovce (Hungarian: Helivágása, Rusyn: Галіґівцї) is a village and municipality in Stará Ľubovňa District in the Prešov Region of northern Slovakia. Former name of the village was "Hedvigina Poruba".

## History

In historical records the village was first mentioned in 1338. Before the establishment of independent Czechoslovakia in 1918, Haligovce was part of Szepes County within the Kingdom of Hungary. From 1939 to 1945, it was part of the Slovak Republic. On 25 January 1945, the Red Army dislodged the Wehrmacht from Haligovce and it was once again part of Czechoslovakia.

## Geography

The municipality lies at an altitude of 600 m (2,000 ft) and covers an area of 11.274 km$^2$ (4.353 sq mi). It has a population of about 683 people.

## Genealogical resources

The records for genealogical research are available at the state archive "Statny Archiv in Levoca, Slovakia"
* Roman Catholic church records (births/marriages/deaths): 1750-1895(parish A)
# Mikhail Gromov

Mikhail Gromov or Mikhael Gromov (Russian: Михаи́л Гро́мов) may refer to:
* Mikhael Gromov (mathematician) (Mikhail "Misha" Leonidovich Gromov, born 1943)
* Mikhail Gromov (aviator) (Mikhail Mikhailovich Gromov, 1899–1985)
* Mikhail Gromov, Russian politician who contested the 2024 Moscow City Duma election
# Agnes Lowrie

Agnes Lowrie (1892–1964) was a British born American landscape artist.

## Biography

Lowrie was born on October 31, 1892, in London, England. She exhibited her work under several names including Agnes Potter van Ryn and Agnes Squire Potter. Lowrie had a career as a commercial artist in Illinois and Ohio. Her work was included in the 1952 Annual Exhibition of Contemporary American Sculpture, Watercolors and Drawings at the Whitney Museum of American Art.
Lowrie died in 1964.
Her work is in the Cincinnati Art Museum, Harvard Art Museums, and the National Gallery of Art.
# International Turkmen-Turkish University

International Turkmen-Turkish University (Turkmen: Halkara Türkmen-Türk uniwersiteti; Turkish: Uluslararası Türkmen-Türk Üniversitesi; abbreviated as ITTU) was a university located in Ashgabat, Turkmenistan. The University was established in 1994 and closed in 2016, superseded by the Oguzhan University of Engineering Technologies.

## History

The university was established in 1994 in close cooperation with Turkey. On 30 May 2013, a groundbreaking ceremony was held for the new building complex of the Oguzhan University of Engineering Technologies, attended by President Gurbanguly Berdimuhamedov of Turkmenistan and President Abdullah Gul of Turkey. The new campus was constructed in the Köşi neighborhood of Ashgabat with design capacity of 3,500 students.

## Colleges

* Pedagogical
* Engineering
* International Business
* Language Center

## Sports

In 2003, the university formed a football club known as HTTU Aşgabat, based at HTTU Stadium. Initially composed only of students, it soon became a professional organization. It later competed as Ýedigen FC and has won three Ýokary Liga titles.
# Godlinze

Godlinze (Dutch pronunciation:; Gronings: Glìns) is a village in the Dutch province of Groningen. It is a part of the municipality of Eemsdelta, and is located about 24 km northeast of Groningen.

## History

The village was first mentioned in the 10th or 11th century as Godleuingi, and means "settlement of the people of Godlef (person)". Godlinze is a terp (artificial living hill) village from the early middle ages with a radial structure. The terp is encircled by a canal, and the church is placed in the middle. The water from the canal came from a natural spring and was used for drinking water.
The tower of the Dutch Reformed church dates from the 12th century, but has been altered several times in its history. The church mainly dates from the 13th century.
Godlinze was home to 350 people in 1840.

## Gallery

* Sun room of the former clergy house
* Local youth in front of a house (unknown date)
* Villa Little Italy
* Schoolmasters house
# English Local Government

English Local Government is a series of nine books written by Sidney Webb and Beatrice Webb between 1903 and 1929 concerning UK constitutional and UK administrative law, relating to public services and local councils.

## Volumes

* "The Parish and The County". English Local Government from the Revolution to the Municipal Corporations Act. Longmans Green & Co. 1906.
* "The Manor and the Borough, Part One". English Local Government from the Revolution to the Municipal Corporations Act. Longmans Green & Co. 1908.
* "The Manor and the Borough, Part Two". English Local Government from the Revolution to the Municipal Corporations Act. Longmans Green & Co. 1908.
* "Statutory Authorities for Special Purposes". English Local Government. Longmans Green & Co. 1922.
* "The Story of the King's Highway". English Local Government. Longmans Green & Co. 1913.
* "English Prisons Under Local Government". English Local Government. Longmans Green & Co. 1922. With preface by George Bernard Shaw.
* "English Poor Law History. Part I: The Old Poor Law". English Local Government. 1927.
* "English Poor Law History. Part II: The Last Hundred Years, Volume 1". English Local Government. 1929.
* "English Poor Law History. Part II: The Last Hundred Years, Volume 2". English Local Government. 1929.
* volumes 10 and 11 were published separately originally but later included in the series: "English Poor Law Policy" and "The History of Liquor Licensing particularly from 1700 to 1830".
# Tylluan Wen

Tylluan Wen is a Welsh language film / television drama produced in Wales in 1997 by Ffilmiau'r Nant and directed by Angharad Jones. It is set in Llan Ffestiniog, Gwynedd, as an adaptation of Angharad Jones' novel Y Dylluan Wen (The White Owl). The film was studied as part of the Welsh literature GCSE course until 2022/23.
The village scenes were filmed in Talysarn, and scenes are set in Holyhead, Blaenau Ffestiniog, and on the Conwy Valley Railway. The Castell Blodeuwedd scene was filmed at Tomen y Mur Roman Fort, Trawsfynydd, near the coastal town of Porthmadog.
The film was broadcast on the Welsh-language television channel S4C.

## Characters and actors

| Character | Actor |
| Martha/Eirlys | Sian James |
| Ifor Preis | John Ogwen |
| Meri Preis | Betsan Llwyd |
| Roger | Malwoden John |

## Storyline

Martha arrives at Y Llan via train, a small town, situated deep in North Wales where the main character grew up (filmed at Blaenau Ffestiniog rail-station). Travelling from Ireland, and leaving her baby behind, Martha stays with the local primary school's headmaster, Ifor Preis and his wife, Meri. Although claiming to return to her home-town of Llan for the sake of coming home, she comes seeking vengeance over her father's death. After an incident when Martha was in school, involving a spilled glass of milk, Ifor punished her and a school friend, Roger by caning them repeatedly. Returning home in tears, Martha's father demands to know what is wrong and discovers the marks from the cane. Furious, her father begins his journey to the school to confront the harsh headmaster. Abruptly her father is hit by a car on the way there, killing him, Martha witnesses this. She believes that Ifor Preis is responsible for her father's death and she wants so get revenge on him. After developing a friendship with Meri and their child Gwen, Martha tricks the family by manipulating Ifor to have an affair with her. At a concert held in the school, Martha reveals to the whole village including Meri about the affair, destroying Ifor's status in the community. Her identity is kept hidden until the very end, where her real name Eirlys, is revealed. She ends up killing Ifor by throwing a harp on him after he attempted to choke her. Gwen witnesses this, and immediately runs outside, towards the road. Martha throws herself in front of an incoming car, driven by a drunken Roger, in order to save Gwen, killing Martha suddenly. A white owl lands on the bonnet of the car, then on Martha to signify the Mabinogi Tale of Blodeuwedd.
# Sthira Sthirasuta

Sthira Sthirasuta (also spelled Sathien Sathirasut, etc., Thai: เสถียร เสถียรสุต, pronounced; 1926 – 9 December 2017) was a Thai real estate developer and socialite, known as an art collector, stable owner, Muay Thai promoter, and Buddhist benefactor.
Sthira was born into a land-owning family. He attended school at Vajiravudh College and received education in the United Kingdom. From the family's holdings, he developed the Ploenchit Arcade shopping centre, and later managed The Regent Bangkok hotel. He was a member of high society, known for his colourful lifestyle and gangster reputation. He had large collections of art and Buddha amulets, and was a stable-owner, his horses regularly racing at the Pathum Wan and Nang Loeng racecourses. He founded the Sor Ploenchit Muay Thai gym in 1981.
In the 1970s, Sthira became romantically involved with Sansanee Panyasiri, who would later become better known as a mae chi (woman monastic), having renounced worldly life after learning that he was already married. He supported her spiritual path, and became the benefactor of the meditation centre she founded, Sathira-Dhammasthan.
# Medy van der Laan

Medy Catharina van der Laan (born 14 August 1968) is a Dutch businesswoman, former civil servant and retired politician who served as State Secretary at the Ministry of Education, Culture and Science in charge of culture, media and art under Prime Minister Jan Peter Balkenende's second cabinet (2003–2006). A member of the Democrats 66 (D66) party, which she joined in 1994, she previously was an assistant to State Secretary Jacob Kohnstamm at the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Van der Laan first joined the Ministry of the Interior in 1991 as a civil servant.

## Career

A native of Spijkenisse, Medy van der Laan studied Dutch law at Radboud University Nijmegen (then Catholic University Nijmegen), where she graduated in 1990. She then worked as a civil servant for the government until her appointment as State Secretary for Education, Culture and Science under the Second Balkenende cabinet in 2003. She retained the office until she presented her resignation to Queen Beatrix in 2006 alongside those of Alexander Pechtold and Laurens Jan Brinkhorst, which led to the fall of the cabinet.
In 2015, Van der Laan became chairwoman of the trade association Energie-Nederland. In 2021, she became chairwoman of the Dutch Association of Banks (NVB) and entered the Social and Economic Council (SER).
# Kas Nazan, Divandarreh

Kas Nazan (Persian: كس نزان, also Romanized as Kas Nazān and Kasnazān) is a village in Zarrineh Rural District, Karaftu District, Divandarreh County, Kurdistan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 746, in 157 families. The village is populated by Kurds.
# Presidential Designate (Colombia)

The Presidential Designate (Spanish: Designado Presidencial) was a Colombian elected official, chosen by the Senate to ensure the presidential line of succession. The title of Presidential Designate did not bring any official office or duties, its sole purpose was to replace the President of Colombia in case of absence, death, or inability to hold office.

## History

The title was first instituted by the Colombian Constitution of 1843, where Congress would choose a "designate" who would assume the Presidency of Colombia in the absence of both the President and the Vice President. The Colombian Constitution of 1853 formalized the position of Presidential Designate and in 1858, the office of the Vice President was also abolished, and the line of succession was broken and modified, calling for annual elections of First, Second, and Third Presidential Designates to confirm a transition of power, and made the Presidential Designates the successors to the presidency, or in their absence, the heads of the Ministries of Colombia, going from oldest to youngest. After the ratification of the Colombian Constitution of 1886, the vice-presidency was reinstituted, but because of the resignation of vice president Eliseo Payán in 1887 and the later accession of vice president Miguel Antonio Caro to the presidency in 1892, Congress was forced to elect interim presidential designates once again. In 1905, President Rafael Reyes abolished once again the vice presidency, and amended the constitution to allow him to choose only when necessary the presidential designates in order to avoid historical rivalries between President and Vice President such as the coup against Manuel Antonio Sanclemente by his vice president José Manuel Marroquín, but a year after his 1909 overthrow, in 1910, Congress reinstituted the titles of First and Second Presidential Designates, giving Senate the task of electing new ones every two years. Because of constitutional reforms in 1945, the title of Second Presidential Designate was terminated, leaving just one presidential designate. The Colombian Constitution of 1991, reestablished the vice presidency, but it allowed the election of a presidential designate until the end of the term of President César Gaviria. The last Presidential Designate was Juan Manuel Santos, who later served two terms as President of Colombia.
# Samina Khan

Samina Khan (Urdu: سمینہ خان; born 20 December 1970) is a Pakistani politician who was a Member of the Provincial Assembly of Balochistan, from May 2013 to May 2018.

## Early life and education

Khan was born on 20 December 1970 in Kalat, Pakistan.
Khan holds a degree of the Master of Public Administration.

## Political career

She was elected to the Provincial Assembly of Balochistan as a candidate of Pakistan Muslim League (N) on a reserved seat for women in 2013 Pakistani general election.
# Cologne–Mönchengladbach railway

The Rheydt-Cologne railway is a mostly double-track electrified railway in the German state of North Rhine-Westphalia between Rheydt and Cologne-Ehrenfeld. Only the section between Rheydt Hauptbahnhof and Rheydt-Odenkirchen is single track.

## History

The first part of the line was built as part of the Mönchengladbach–Stolberg railway, which was built in stages between 1870 and 1875 by the Bergisch-Märkische Railway Company (German: Bergisch-Märkische Eisenbahn-Gesellschaft) from the current Mönchengladbach Hauptbahnhof (central station) via Geneicken, Mülfort, Odenkirchen and Hochneukirch and continuing to Jülich, Eschweiler and Stolberg. In 1889, a connection was built from Hochneukirch station, which was located on this line, to the Erft Railway near Grevenbroich station. The direct link from Grevenbroich to Köln-Ehrenfeld station was opened in 1899. The direct link between Odenkirchen and Rheydt Hauptbahnhof was finally opened in 1908. This meant that the 1870 line through Geneicken, which ran to Mönchengladbach Hauptbahnhof parallel with the line through Rheydt Hauptbahnhof and which had already been duplicated, was sidelined. This section of line, which was electrified in 1968, initially continued to be used for trains from Mönchengladbach to Cologne, but it was finally closed in May 1985 and dismantled between Odenkirchen and Geneicken.

## Operations

The line is served by Regional-Express service RE 8 (Rhein-Erft-Express), operating with class 425 electric multiple units, and Regionalbahn service RB 27 (Rhein-Erft-Bahn) operating with a class 143 electric locomotive and three double-deck coaches. Each service operates hourly.
* Pulheim
* Stommeln
* Rommerskirchen
* ↑ Eisenbahnatlas Deutschland (German railway atlas). Schweers + Wall. 2009. ISBN 978-3-89494-139-0.
# Shilat

Shilat (Hebrew: שִׁילָּת) is a moshav partially in Israel and partially in the Latrun salient of the Green Line. Located around a kilometre north of Modi'in, it falls under the jurisdiction of Hevel Modi'in Regional Council. In 2022 it had a population of 770.
The Shilat Junction, at the intersection of Route 443 and Route 446, is the main northern entrance to Modi'in and the site of an industrial park which houses many commercial establishments as well as light industry.

## History

The moshav was established in July 1977 by 25 families on land that had belonged the Palestinian village of Shilta, which was depopulated in 1948. After the Six-Day War in 1967, Israel expropriated 781 dunams of land from the Palestinian village of Saffa for the construction of Shilat.
# Colégio Station

Colégio Station (Portuguese: Estação Colégio) is a subway station on the Rio de Janeiro Metro that services the neighbourhood of Colégio in the North Zone of Rio de Janeiro.
# Eduard Nunatak

Eduard Nunatak (Bulgarian: нунатак Едуард, romanized: Nunatak Eduard, IPA:) is the rocky ridge 2.32 km long in northwest–southeast direction and 1.14 km wide, rising to 683 m on Oscar II Coast in Graham Land, Antarctica. It surmounts Artanes Bay on the east and Vaughan Inlet on the west.
The feature is named after Roman Eduard, boatman at St. Kliment Ohridski base during the 2010/11 and subsequent Bulgarian Antarctic campaigns.

## Location

Eduard Nunatak is located at 65°00′47″S 61°21′08″W﻿ / ﻿65.01306°S 61.35222°W﻿ / -65.01306; -61.35222, which is 4.6 km northeast of Shiver Point, 8 km east-southeast of Mural Nunatak, 5.7 km southwest of Skilly Peak and 12.5 km west-northwest of Cape Fairweather.

## Maps

* Antarctic Digital Database (ADD). Scale 1:250000 topographic map of Antarctica. Scientific Committee on Antarctic Research (SCAR). Since 1993, regularly upgraded and updated
# MUI

MUI, Mui, or mui may refer to:

## Computing

* Magic User Interface, system to generate graphical user interface
* Multilingual User Interface, Microsoft's technology and file name extension for multiple languages on a Windows system

## Organizations

* Indonesian Ulema Council (Indonesian: Majelis Ulama Indonesia), Indonesian Muslim clerical body.
* Muhammad University of Islam
* MUI Group, Malayan United Industries.

## Places

* Mui (मुई), a village in Sawai Madhopur district, Rajasthan
* Mui River in Ethiopia
* Mui, Estonia, a village

## People

* Constance L. Mui (born 1959), American philosopher
* Kong Duen-yee, known as Mui Yee
* Mei (surname), Chinese surname
* Peter Mui, American fashion designer

## Economics

* Matter Under Inquiry, a preliminary investigations by the US Securities and Exchange Commission
* Men's underwear index, an economic index

## Other uses

* mui, ISO 639 code for the Palembang language also known as Musi
# Khazineh Anbar-e Qadim

Khazineh Anbar-e Qadim (Persian: خزينه انبارقديم, also Romanized as Khazīneh Anbār-e Qadīm) is a village in Marhemetabad-e Shomali Rural District, Marhemetabad District, Miandoab County, West Azerbaijan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 427, in 91 families.
# Gan Yoshiya

Gan Yoshiya (Hebrew: גַּן יֹאשִׁיָּה, lit. Josiah's Garden) is a moshav in central Israel. Located near the Green Line in the Tulkarm area, it falls under the jurisdiction of Hefer Valley Regional Council. In 2022 it had a population of 1,040.

## History

The moshav was founded on 6 December 1949 on the land of the depopulated Palestinian village of Qaqun by demobilised Palmach soldiers and Jewish immigrants from Romania. It was initially named Nahal Reuven after Nabi Rubin, before being later renamed in honour of Josiah Wedgwood.
# Suratthani School

Suratthani School (Thai: โรงเรียนสุราษฎร์ธานี) is a state secondary school located in Surat Thani, Thailand. It provides education for secondary students from Matthayom 1 to Matthayom 6 (Equivalent to grade 7–12). The school was founded in 1907 at Wat Thammabucha in Surat Thani Province and was relocated many times throughout its history. Nowadays, the school is located on Donnok Road, next to Surat Thani's city hall. It is regarded as one of the best secondary schools in Southern Thailand.

## Notable alumni

* Adisorn Threesirikasem: Film Director.
* Apichad Thaveechalermdit: Footballer.
* Banyat Bantadtan: Former Deputy Prime Minister of Thailand.
* Ekaphan Inthasen: Footballer.
* Jarupong Thongsin: Thammasat University student, victim of the 1976 Thammasat Massacre.
* Jirapong Meenapra: Sprinter.
* Pimon Jamjarat: Writer, Translator.
* Prakat Watcharaporn: Former Vice President of the Thai Journalists Association.
* Suporn Atthavong: Politician.
* Siwakorn Lertchukiat: Actor.
* Thanapa Poomdit: Actor.
* Thawat Wichaidit: Former House of Representatives member, Former Provincial Waterworks Authority governor.
* Watchara Petthong: Former Thai House of Representatives member.

## Activities
### Annual sports festival

As with many other schools in Thailand, students in Suratthani School participates in a Sports Festival annually. Students are divided into 5 color groups, Red, Yellow, Purple, Blue, and Cyan. Events are usually held at Surat Thani Provincial stadium and within the school itself.