OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Arthur Floyer-Acland

Lieutenant General Arthur Nugent Floyer-Acland, CB, DSO, MC, DL (7 September 1885 – 18 February 1980) was a senior officer of the British Army who served in both the First and Second World Wars. He was Military Secretary from 1940 to 1942. In later life, he was High Sheriff and Deputy Lieutenant of Dorset.

## Early life

Born Arthur Acland on 7 September 1885, he was the second son of John Edward Acland and his wife Norah Letitia, daughter of Henry Nugent Bankes. He was educated in Blundell's School, located in Tiverton, Devon. In 1928, he assumed by Royal Licence the additional surname Floyer to inherit the estates of George Floyer.

## Military career

Floyer-Acland entered the British Army in March 1905 when he was commissioned as a second lieutenant into the 5th (Militia) Battalion of the Royal Warwickshire Regiment. In February 1907, he was transferred to the Duke of Cornwall's Light Infantry.
He fought in the First World War, which began in the summer of 1914, receiving the Military Cross in 1915. He was promoted to a brevet major in 1917, mentioned in dispatches seven times during the course of the war, and was awarded the Distinguished Service Order in 1918 and the French Croix de Guerre in 1920.
Floyer-Acland attended the Staff College, Camberley in 1921 and was breveted to lieutenant colonel in 1927. Four years later, he received the command of the 1st Battalion of his regiment and in 1934 became colonel, being then attached to the War Office. After two years he came in charge of the 3rd Infantry Brigade and took part in the Waziristan campaign until 1938. He was promoted major general later that year, and became General Officer Commanding (GOC) of the 43rd (Wessex) Infantry Division, a Territorial Army formation, until February 1940.
In 1940, Floyer-Acland was appointed Military Secretary. In the King's Birthday Honours that July he was appointed a Companion of the Order of the Bath. He was advanced to a lieutenant general in 1941, and retired from his post in the next year. Floyer-Acland was nominated High Sheriff of Dorset in 1953 and served as Deputy Lieutenant of that county from 1957.

## Family

On 6 December 1913, Floyer-Acland married Evelyn Stafford Still, daughter of Stafford Still. His wife died in 1973 and Floyer-Acland survived her until 1980. Their only son was Stafford Floyer-Acland.
# Wirtualna Polska

Wirtualna Polska (WP) is a group of companies operating in the media and e-commerce sectors.
The WP Group owns the Wirtualna Polska horizontal portal founded in 1995 and known for being the first internet portal in Poland. It is currently the second largest online news source and one of the most quoted news media in the country. According to the Gemius/PBI surveys around 21 million Poles use WP's internet products every month.

## History

Wirtualna Polska was created by Leszek Bogdanowicz, Damian Woźniak, Marek Borzestowski and Jacek Kawalec at Politechnika Gdańska in Gdańsk, who met each other via the Internet. The early forum of ideas turned in March 1995 into a service using the name Wirtualna Polska. Initially, it was available on www.wp.cnt.pl (CNT = Centrum Nowych Technologii, Centre of New Technologies). In 1998, it was moved to www.wp.pl, which is its current address. In the beginning, Wirtualna Polska functioned as a catalogue of websites and then was modified into a web portal offering a number of complex services. Many of the activities of the portal at the Internet market were cutting edge. Wirtualna Polska used XHTML and it was the first portal to create a catalogue of web sites with a possibility of positioning them. It also initiated personalization and online chats. Apart from a number of news services, WP provided access to such services as free email accounts, the possibility of web hosting, a web engine, and instant messaging service.
In February 2014 the Polish o2 Group („Grupa o2”) together with private equity fund Innova Capital have completed acquisition of Wirtualna Polska. The combined companies started to operate on the market under the one name “Wirtualna Polska”. The purchase of 100 per cent of the Wirtualna Polska shares from subsidiary of Orange Polska SA (formerly TP SA) by the Polish o2 Group completed the formal process of forming the new Wirtualna Polska Group. Transactions have been approved by the Office of Competition and Consumer Protection.
In 2016 Innova Capital, the leading CEE private equity fund, sold its 27% stake in Wirtualna Polska Holding SA for PLN 50.00 per share. Jacek Świderski, Michał Brański and Krzysztof Sierota, entrepreneurs with a majority stake in Wirtualna Polska, were involved in the repurchase of shares from Innova Capital. All remaining shares were sold to public institutional investors in the accelerated book building (ABB) process.

## Services

WP operates various specialized websites and e-commerce websites like AutoCentrum.pl S.A., Nocowanie.pl and Domodi.pl.
In 2016, WP launched its own television channel.
# Harrat al Birk

Ḥarrat al-Birk (Arabic: حَرَّة ٱلْبِرْك) is an ancient lava field located along Saudi Arabia's Red Sea coastline.
# Notre Dame de Tyre

Notre Dame de Tyre or Our Lady of Tyre (Armenian: Հայկական Սուրբ Աստուածածին եկեղեցի), or simply as Armenian church (Turkish: Ermeni Kilisesi) is a monastic church in Nicosia, Cyprus. It is located in the Arab Ahmet quarter, in Salahi Şevket Street, formerly known as Victoria Street.

## History

It is believed that the original church, known as the Benedictine Abbey of Our Lady of Tyre, was founded in the 13th century as a principal convent following the fall of Jerusalem. In 1308, the Lusignan king, Henry II of Jerusalem, repaired the church after it was damaged by an earthquake. As many of the nuns were Armenian in origin, it came under the Armenian Church before 1504.
In 1570, following the capture of Nicosia by the Ottomans, the keeping of the Paphos Gate, the church, and the surrounding area were handed over to the Armenians by Sultan Selim II.
The Armenian Prelature of Cyprus was housed next to the church, until the 1963-1964 intercommunal violence, when it was placed in the Turkish Cypriot quarter of the city. In 1920 the descendants of Artin Melikian restored the church, and built the Melikian Elementary School on the grounds of the church. In 1938, the Ouzounian Elementary School was established by Dikran Ouzounian. There was also a kindergarten, originally built in 1902 and called Shoushanian.
Inside the complex was also the Armenian genocide monument, built in 1932, the second oldest of its kind around the world. Opposite the church complex, to the west, were the Nicosia AGBU premises, while to the south the Armenian Club was located. Very near the complex were also the premises of AYMA.
Since 1963, the church has been located in North Nicosia, under Turkish Cypriot administration. The church suffered the collapse of some parts and a great deterioration of condition till 2007, when the restoration work began.

## Architecture and Sepulchral Monuments

The existing building is gothic in style and consists of a square nave, with a semi-octagonal apse, cross vaults an arch covering the western part, a bell tower (built in 1860) and convent buildings to the north of the church. To the east of the nunnery buildings is the sarcophagus of Lady Dampierre, an Abbess of the nunnery. A number of tomb slabs in the floor of the church dating from the 14th and 15th centuries were noted in the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, but these were lifted in the 1960s as a conservation measure and kept in the north porch.

## Restoration

The church was reportedly damaged following its placement in the Turkish Cypriot part of the city following the 1963 division and the 1974 Turkish invasion of Cyprus. After 1963, it suffered from neglect and misuse, which put it in dire need of repair as some parts collapsed. In 2007, the UNDP began working on its preservation and restoration. The renovation was completed in 2013 and won the EU Prize For Cultural Heritage (Europa Nostra Award) in 2015.
# Bahhas

Bahhas (Persian: بحاث, also Romanized as Bahhās̄, Baḩās̄, and Baḩḩās̄) is a village in Hoseyni Rural District, in the Central District of Shadegan County, Khuzestan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 225, in 31 families.
# Robert Gill (footballer)

Robert Gill (born 10 February 1982) is an English former professional footballer who played in the Football League as a forward for Doncaster Rovers.

## Honours

Individual
* Football Conference Goalscorer of the Month: December 2002
# Qarile

Qarile (Tatar: Кариле, romanized: Qarile) is a rural locality (a selo) in Baltaç District, Tatarstan. The population was 1287 as of 2010. Qarile is located 4 km from Baltaç, district's administrative centre, and 106 km from Ԛazаn, republic's capital, by road. The earliest known record of the settlement dates from 1678. There are 20 streets in the village.
# BC Lokomotiv Sofia

BC Lokomotiv Sofia (Bulgarian: БК „Локомотив София“) are a Bulgarian basketball club based in the capital Sofia and part of the Lokomotiv Sofia sports club.
Lokomotiv Sofia have been 6 times champions of Bulgaria and 2 times Bulgarian cup winners. They play their home games at Lokomotiv Hall in Sofia. In 2002 the men's and women's basketball teams were disbanded due to financial difficulties. In 2014 teams was restored and 5 years later girls and boys from Lokomotiv are one of the best teams in U12, U13, U14 divisions. In 2020 the men's basketball team was restored.

## Honours

* Bulgarian Championships: (6) 1943, 1948, 1955, 1961, 1964, 1966
* Bulgarian Cup: (2) 1956,1966

## History

In 1967 Lokomotiv achieved one of the biggest international victory in Bulgarian basketball by defeating a three-digit score Real (Madrid).
# Hadim Ibrahim Pasha

Hadim Ibrahim Pasha (Turkish: Hadım Ibrahim Paşa, meaning in English "Ibrahim Pasha the Eunuch") (1473 – 1563) was a 16th-century Ottoman statesman of Bosnian origin.

## Life

Born in the Sanjak of Bosnia, he became Chief White Eunuch of the Topkapı Palace Harem under Sultan Suleyman the Magnificent. He was appointed Governor of Anatolia, and in 1544 was nominated fourth Vizier. In 1548–9, during the Second campaign of the Ottoman-Safavid War, he got the position of lieutenant Governor of Istanbul, reaching the rank of third Vizier. Appointed second Vizier in 1553, after the assassination of the crown prince Şehzade Mustafa on behalf of the Sultan, he was sent by Suleyman - then stationing in Aleppo - to Bursa to strangle the sons of Mustafa. Appointed again lieutenant Governor of the Capital from 1553 to 1555, after the comeback of the Sultan to Istanbul he was forced to retire because of his old age. Ibrahim Pasha died in 1562. He followed a modest lifestyle and was among the few Court Eunuchs who enjoined unanimously a high reputation. In 1562, he married Fatma Sultan, a daughter of Sultan Selim I and full-sister of Sultan Süleyman I, but he died shortly after, in 1563.

## Legacy

In 1551 he commissioned Court Architect (Turkish: Mimar) Sinan to erect his funerary mosque in Istanbul, in the neighborhood of the Gate of Silivri (Turkish: Silivrikapı). On January 21, 1562, he established an endowment (Turkish: Waqf), which was entitled to administer several institutions in the western part of Istanbul. These were: his Friday mosque with an elementary school in the Silivrikapı neighborhood ; another school near Silivrikapı; a Byzantine church which he had converted into a mosque, with an attached medrese and an elementary school (also erected by Sinan) near the Isakapı Gate; another elementary school near the Column of Arcadius and a water well for travellers outside Yenikapı Gate. The endowment was to be financed through villages donated by the Sultan, fields, shops and mills in Rumelia, and buildings in Edirne and Istanbul. The Waqf was administered by the Chief white eunuch of Topkapi. The location of these establishments in sparsely settled neighborhoods along the Walls, where the population was predominantly Christian, shows his desire of pursuing a policy of islamization of the city.
# The Lord's Release

The Lord's Release (Latin: remissionis Domini) is the title given by Deuteronomy 15:2 in the Hebrew Bible to the obligation and practice of releasing debtors from their debts every seventh year within the seven-year agricultural cycle mandated by the Torah:
    ”Every creditor who has lent anything to his neighbor shall release it”
The obligation only applied to the Israelites living in the Promised Land: it did not apply to foreigners. A similar obligation in relation to the release of Hebrew slaves who have served in slavery for seven years is described in Deuteronomy 15:12–18
The term "the LORD's release" is used in the King James Version of the Bible and in the New King James Version and Revised Standard Version; other translations refer to the Year of Remission (Wycliffe Bible), the LORD's remission (New American Standard Bible) or Hashem’s Shemittah (Orthodox Jewish Bible). Albert Barnes' Notes on the Bible states that although most texts say "it is called the LORD’s release", the meaning is more likely to be that "it is proclaimed to be the LORD's release".
The Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary considered the release to be temporary: "Every creditor that lendeth ought unto his neighbour shall release it — not by an absolute discharge of the debt, but by passing over that year without exacting payment. The relief was temporary and peculiar to that year during which there was a total suspension of agricultural labor." Similarly, the seventeenth-century nonconformist Matthew Poole stated that the relief was temporary; you must "not absolutely and finally forgive it, but forbear it for that year". However, to theologian John Gill, the release was to be permanent: "it rather seems to be a full release, so as the payment of them might not be demanded, neither this year nor afterwards"
# Andrei Bitov

Andrei Georgiyevich Bitov (Russian: Андре́й Гео́ргиевич Би́тов, 27 May 1937 – 3 December 2018) was a prominent Russian writer of Circassian ancestry.

## Biography

Bitov was born in Leningrad. His father was an architect and his mother was a lawyer. He completed his secondary education in 1954 and began writing two years later. In 1957, he became a student at the Leningrad Mining Institute. While there, he joined a literary association for young writers led by Gleb Semyonov [ru]. He also served with a building battalion [ru] in the north and graduated in 1962.
He then began writing poetry and short, absurdist stories which were not published until the 1990s. In 1965, he became a member of the Union of Soviet Writers. By 1978, he had published ten works, but his now best known work, Pushkin House, had to be published in the United States and did not appear in the USSR until two years after the beginning of Perestroika.
In 1988, he was one of the founders of the Russian PEN Club and was its President beginning in 1991. He also taught at the Maxim Gorky Literature Institute.
He received an award from Oktyabr for his story Something with love... in 2013. This was followed in 2014 by the Government Award of the Russian Federation [ru] for culture and, in 2015, he was awarded the Platonov Prize. In 2018, he received the Order of Friendship. He died in Moscow.

## English translations

* Life in Windy Weather: Short Stories, Ardis, 1986.
* Pushkin House, Farrar, Straus & Giroux, 1987 & Dalkey Archive Press, 1998.
* A Captive of the Caucasus, HarperCollins, 1994.
* Ten Short Stories, Raduga Publishers, 1995.
* The Monkey Link, Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 1999.
* The Symmetry Teacher, Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2014.
# USS Wacondah

USS Wacondah (SP-238) was an advanced-design yacht acquired by the U.S. Navy during World War I. She was outfitted as an armed patrol craft assigned to guard the New York City harbor against German submarines and to provide escort protection to commercial ships. Post-war she was sold and continued her maritime career as the yacht Intercolonial.

## A turbine-powered steam yacht

Revolution—a steel-hulled, screw steam yacht designed by Charles L. Seabury—was completed in 1901, at Morris Heights, New York, by the Charles L. Seabury Co. and the Gas Engine and Power Co., for mining engineer F. Augustus Heinze. One of the first American turbine-powered steam "express" yachts, Revolution was later acquired by Boston, Massachusetts, banker Charles Hayden in 1907 and renamed Wacondah.

## World War I service

When the United States entered World War I on 6 April 1917, the Navy soon began collecting ships and small craft from civilian owners to serve as auxiliaries and patrol craft. Inspected at the 3d Naval District, Wacondah was acquired by the Navy on 24 May 1917. Fitted out for wartime service, Wacondah was commissioned on 14 September 1917.

### Assigned to protect New York Harbor

By virtue of her light construction—built for speed rather than sea-keeping -- Wacondah was restricted to "sheltered waters." Assigned to the 3d Naval District, she operated on local patrol duties out of New York Harbor for the duration of the war.

## Post-war decommissioning

Decommissioned and struck from the Navy list on 21 August 1919, Wacondah was sold on 4 June 1920 to the International Steamship and Trading Company and renamed Intercolonial.
# Thomas Schöning

Thomas Schöning (born probably in Riga – 11 August 1539 in Kokenhusen) was Archbishop of Riga. He was a member of a prominent Riga burgher family and son of Johann Schöning. He studied at the University of Rostock between 1499 and 1500. Schöning was notable for the dating of coins. During his reign from 1528 to 1539, mark, shilling, and pfenning coins from Riga bore the family shield of Thomas Schöning.
With the growing strength of the Reformation centered in Livonia, his position was difficult. Schöning moved his residency to the archbishop's palace at Kokenhusen in 1528 because of the conflict with the city of Riga and the Order of Livonia. He found unusual support in Duke Albert of Prussia, who was part of the Protestant movement. Duke Albrecht recommended Schöning appoint the duke's brother, Wilhelm von Brandenburg, as his coadjutor (assistant) and eventual successor. His body was buried in the parish church of Kokenhusen.
Eventually, the Archbishopric of Riga and the Livonian Order were dissolved in 1561 after the conversion of the territory from Catholicism to Lutheranism at the beginning of Swedish rule.
# Kiryl Vyarheychyk

Kiryl Vyarheychyk (Belarusian: Кірыл Вяргейчык; Russian: Кирилл Вергейчик; born 23 August 1991) is a Belarusian former professional footballer.

## Honours

Shakhtyor Soligorsk
* Belarusian Cup winner: 2013–14

## Personal life

He is a son of the coach and former Belarus international player Yury Vyarheychyk.
# Hercules Strangling the Nemean Lion (Romanelli)

Hercules Strangling the Nemean Lion is a bronze sculpture located in the Piazza Ognissanti, overlooking the River Arno in Florence, Italy.

## History and description

The first bronze statuettes on this subject were completed and exhibited by the Florentine sculptor Romano Romanelli in 1906–1910. Romanelli became a prominent sculptor for the Fascist administration of Benito Mussolini. In 1930, the Fascist authorities removed the statue of the Venetian-Italian patriot Daniele Manin from the center of this piazza, where it had been placed, and installed it in the suburbs of Arcetri. In its place, the Jewish-Italian patron Angiolo Orvieto commissioned this sculpture, placed here in 1937 after display at the exhibition of the Quadriennale d'Arte Nazionale in Rome. A casting of this sculpture was also exhibited in Berlin in 1937, where it was prominently placed at the entrance of the exhibition alongside a photograph of Mussolini and King Victor Emmanuel III.
# MV Sovetskaya Latviya

MV Sovetskaya Latviya (Soviet Latvia, Russian: Советская Латвия) was a transport ship operated by the Dalstroy concern of the NKVD. One of its main uses was to transport prisoners as forced labour in the Kolyma camps system.

## Prior to Soviet ownership

The ship was originally christened Childar when launched on 25 November 1925. It was operated as a merchant vessel for several years by the Norwegian line Wiel & Amundsen Rederi A/S, based in Halden.
Childar ran aground on 4 May 1934 at the entrance to the Columbia River in the United States while en route to Cape Town, South Africa. Four seamen were killed in this incident.
The ship was eventually repaired at Porsgrunn and re-launched in May 1935 as MS Aakre by another Norwegian line, Rederi A/S Henneseid (Thoralf Holta).
In 1939, it was purchased by the Latvian United Shipping Company (Apvienotā Kuģniecības Akciju Sabiedrība), in Riga, Latvia, and renamed Hercogs Jēkabs, in honour of Duke Jacob of Courland. It was planned that she would maintain a monthly cargo service between Riga and New York City. At that time it was one of the biggest and most modern ships in Latvia as it was only second ship with diesel engine in Latvian merchant fleet. The ship was involved in transatlantic voyages from Europe to North and South America.

## In Soviet service

When Latvia was occupied by the Soviet Union in 1940, all merchant vessels were nationalised by the Soviet state, including Hercogs Jēkabs. Some of the ships were within the immediate control of Soviet authorities and were thereby impressed into the service of the Soviet-controlled Latvian State Sea Shipping Company. However, many Latvian-registered ships outside Soviet-controlled waters defected and turned themselves over to the control of other nations. The exception to the last rule was Hercogs Jēkabs, which even though outside the reach of Communist authorities along the coast of Chile, nonetheless attempted to sail to the USSR, despite differing opinions among the crew. A dispute about ownership and control was resolved in the favor of the USSR despite the attempts of Latvian diplomats in the West and in time the ship voyaged for Vladivostok. The ship was renamed Sovetskaya Latviya in 1942, around which time it entered service for the NKVD and Dalstroy.
It was struck from the Soviet register in 1967.