OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Notre Dame Gate

The Notre Dame Gate, also known as the Notre Dame de la Grace Gate (Italian: Porta della Maria Vergine delle Grazie), the Cottonera Gate, the Żabbar Gate (Maltese: Il-Mina ta' Ħaż-Żabbar) or Bieb is-Sultan (Maltese for "King's Gate"), is the main gate of the Cottonera Lines, located in Cottonera, Malta. The gate was built in 1675 in the Baroque style, and it is currently used as the headquarters of the heritage organization Fondazzjoni Wirt Artna.

## History

Construction of the Cottonera Lines began in August 1670, when there were fears of an Ottoman attack after the fall of Candia. The Notre Dame Gate was built in 1675 as the lines' main gate, and its design is attributed to Romano Carapecchia or Mederico Blondel. The gate is located within the Notre Dame Curtain, between Notre Dame and St. James Bastions, facing the town of Żabbar. It is situated at the highest point of the Cottonera area, and its roof was used to relay signals between Valletta and the coastal defences on the eastern part of Malta. The gate was originally protected by a drop ditch and a tenaille.
The gate remained in use throughout the years of Hospitaller, French and British rule. The gate gradually served as an adjunct to the Cottonera Military Hospital (now St. Edward's College) following its construction in 1870. Many wounded soldiers were accommodated within the gate during World War I.
The gate's ditch was filled in and the drawbridge removed sometime after the 1930s, while the tenaille was demolished. The gate was damaged by aerial bombardment during World War II, when one of the adjacent barrack blocks received a direct hit.
In the early 21st century, the Notre Dame Gate was passed to the Malta Heritage Trust, Fondazzjoni Wirt Artna, who moved their main offices into the upper part of the gate in late 2005. The foundation has since carried out a number of restoration works to parts of the gate, which is now open to the public once every week.
The gate was included on the Antiquities List of 1925, together with the rest of the Cottonera Lines. It is now scheduled as a Grade 1 national monument, and it is also listed on the National Inventory of the Cultural Property of the Maltese Islands.

## Architecture

The Notre Dame Gate is built in the Baroque style, and it has five levels, and it includes underground chambers, two barrack blocks, and a superstructure consisting of a gatehouse built on two levels, a veranda and a signalling top. The monumental façade is decorated with Corinthian pilasters, and it has a panel with a trophy of arms surrounding a bronze bust of Grand Master Nicolas Cotoner and a marble plaque with a Latin inscription.
The bust was cast by Pietro Sances of Messina in the 1670s, and it is regarded as one of the most important works of art in bronze in Malta. During the French occupation of Malta, the bust was taken by the French as spoils of war, but it was returned to Malta by the British. There were some failed attempts to steal the bust in the 1960s, and it was restored between 2004 and 2008.
# The Colonel (2006 film)

The Colonel (French: Mon colonel) is a 2006 French-Belgian film directed by Laurent Herbiet, based on a novel by Francis Zamponi.

## Plot

France, 1993. The retired Colonel Raoul Duplan is shot in his home. As the police are baffled, young army officer Galois is brought to help the investigation. Shortly thereafter she receives a letter containing some diary pages of a lieutenant Guy Rossi who served in 1955 in the Algerian war under the command of Duplan and disappeared in 1957 under mysterious circumstances. Every day Galois receives a continuation of the diary in which Rossi describes in detail his ambivalent relationship to Duplan and his dirty methods. As she reads the diary the film flashes back to black-and-white scenes of Rossis' experiences. Rossi witness torture and public executions, and finds himself torn between wanting peace and disgust at the brutal methods being employed to secure it. Rossi inadvertently reveals information to a friend sympathetic to the rebels which may have led to the murder of a shopkeeper who was providing information to the French army. Ordered by Duplan to command a firing squad, he resolves to disobey his superior's orders. It is revealed he left the diary with the friend with the intended final recipient being his father because he feared for his life. A recent appearance on TV of Col. Duplan prompted his friend to finally deliver the letter to Rossis' father, who, when confronted by Galois readily reveals he has been the one sending the diary and that he committed the murder because Duplan expressed no remorse for his son's murder, Duplan justifying himself by saying Rossi was a traitor. The film ends somewhat ambiguously as Galois, as an army officer, lacks the authority to arrest the elder Rossi, and while driving back from the interview, seems moved by the experience and decides to get lunch with her commanding officer instead of immediately returning to the office.

## Cast

* Olivier Gourmet : Colonel Raoul Duplan
* Robinson Stévenin : Lieutenant Guy Rossi
* Cécile de France : Lieutenant Galois
* Charles Aznavour : Father Rossi
* Bruno Solo : Commandant Reidacher
* Eric Caravaca : René Ascensio
* Guillaume Gallienne : The sub-prefect
* Georges Siatidis : Captain Roger
* Thierry Hancisse : Commissaire Quitard
* Jacques Boudet : The Senator-Mayor
* Wladimir Yordanoff : The Chief of Staff
* Bruno Lochet : Schmeck
* Hervé Pauchon : Commandant de Villedieu
* Christophe Rouzaud : General Bibendum
* Philippe Chevallier : The director
* Abdelmalek Kadi : Inspector Belkacem
* Olga Grumberg : Françoise
* Samir Guesmi : Ali
* Ahmed Benaissa : Ben Miloud
* Xavier Maly : Father Jeantet
* Marie Kremer : Thérèse
* Franck Pitiot : Caporal Arnoul
* Alexandre Gavras : Inspector Bayard
* Rabah Loucif : Omar Bouamari
# Li You-chi

Li You-chi (Chinese: 李友吉) is a Taiwanese politician.

## Education and career

Li graduated from the National Taiwan College of Arts, completing his degree within the department of broadcasting, a division of the School of Communication, and earned a qualification as a social worker. He was affiliated with the Taiwan Confederation of Trade Unions and the Tobacco and Alcohol Trade Union. Li was a member of the Kuomintang who sat on the National Assembly, then represented a functional constituency, laborers, in the Legislative Yuan from 1981 to 1993. After functional constituencies were phased out, Li was reelected to the second and third Legislative Yuan via the Kuomintang party list. He left the legislature on 25 January 1999, to accept an appointment to the Control Yuan. While serving on the Control Yuan, Li proposed in 2000 that the body investigate Wu Chao-feng, the mayor of Zhongliao Township in Nantou, separately from the Nantou District Prosecutors' Office, for misappropriation of supplies provided during the 1999 Jiji earthquake. In early 2001, Li participated in an investigation called to determine the legality of the decision to suspend construction of the Lungmen Nuclear Power Plant. In 2002, Li probed the Ministry of Foreign Affairs for its invitation of the Senegal national football team to Taiwan, as well as policing protocols and scandals involving the National Police Agency and the Taipei City Police Headquarters. Later that year, Li issued a statement of censure against the Department of Health and the Kaohsiung city and county governments for their handling of a dengue fever outbreak. In 2003, Li commented on a tourism program launched by the government in his capacity as a member of the Control Yuan. Li stepped down from the Control Yuan on 31 January 2005.
# Nathaniel Kerr

Nathaniel "Nat" Kerr (born 31 October 1987) is an English former professional footballer whose preferred position was at right back. He last played at amateur level in Stockport in 2015.

## Career

Kerr started his career at Crewe Alexandra youth academy but was picked up by Rotherham United after being released. He made his debut on 21 April 2007 in the 1–0 defeat at Yeovil Town coming on as a late sub for David Worrell. Rotherham had already been relegated at this point of the season and manager Mark Robins played Kerr in all the remaining games. The following season Kerr didn't play at all for the Millers but was loaned out in November 2007 to Northwich Victoria. RAt the end of the season he was released.
On 13 October 2008, Kerr joined Conference National team Barrow on non contract terms after impressing joint management duo Dave Bayliss and Darren Sheridan playing for the Bluebirds' reserve side. He made his debut on 18 October in the home win over Eastbourne Borough. He did not gain a regular place in the team, however, and was released by the club in May 2009.

## Assault conviction

On 30 August 2014, while playing for the Longsight pub team AFC Gold Cup, Kerr was sent off for deliberately stamping on the leg of Stuart Parsons. Kerr's actions resulted in Parsons' ankle requiring a pin and plate due to it being broken in two places. Kerr was found guilty of assault, and received a sentence of one year's imprisonment, as a result of the intentional "long jump" tackle.
# Welcome to Switzerland

Welcome to Switzerland (French: Bienvenue en Suisse) is a 2004 French-Swiss comedy film directed by Léa Fazer. It was screened in the Un Certain Regard section at the 2004 Cannes Film Festival.

## Cast

* Vincent Perez as Aloïs Couchepin
* Emmanuelle Devos as Sophie
* Denis Podalydès as Thierry
* Walo Lüönd as Adolf Sempach
* Marianne Basler as Béatrice
# Nunhem

Nunhem (Limburgish: Nunem) is a village in the Dutch province of Limburg. It is located in the municipality of Leudal, 1 km north of Haelen.

## History

The village was first mentioned in 1306 as Nunhem, and means "new settlement". Nunhem developed along the Haelense Beek [nl].
The Catholic St Servatius Church is a single aisled church. The tower dates from the 14th century and was probably enlarged in the 18th century. The church was built in 1893 in Gothic Revival style. The St Servatius Chapel is a site of pilgrimage. There is a well behind the chapel which, according to legend, was dug by Servatius of Tongeren and used to baptise people.
Huis Nunhem is a manor house which was first attested in 1458. In the early-18th century, the current house was built which was remodelled in 1778 and corner towers were added. The estate burnt down in 1947 and restored in 1999.
Nunhem was home to 166 people in 1840.

## Gallery

* Former town hall
* Huis Nunhem
* Farm Niënghoor
* Former monastery Sint Elisabethdal (1968)
# Hermeneumata

The Hermeneumata (Greek: Ἑρμηνεύματα; also known as the Hermeneumata Pseudodositheana or Hermeneumata pseudo-Dositheana) are anonymous instructional manuals written in the third century CE to teach the Greek language to Latin-speaking people in the Roman Empire, and to teach Latin to Greek-speakers. The word Hermeneumata means "translations" or "interpretations".

## History

The Hermeneumata were composed as a Greek-Latin schoolbook in late antiquity, probably around the third century CE. The work was originally composed to help Greeks learn Latin, but in the medieval West, it came to be widely used as a source for Latin-literate authors to learn about Greek.
In the twentieth century, the name of the Hermeneumata inspired scholars to give the name Hermeneutic style to a style of Latin writing found in late Antiquity and the early Medieval West which was characterised by extensive use of Greek loan-words.
The Hermeneumata survive in nine manuscripts, mostly from the Middle Ages, one of which attributes the work to Dositheus Magister. For this reason, they are often known as the Hermeneumata Pseudodositheana, although there is not sufficient evidence to attribute them to Dositheus. One of the manuscripts is the Anglo-Saxon Brussels, Bibliothèque Royale MS 1828-30.

## Contents

Contents vary dramatically from one manuscript to another, but at its fullest extent the text comprises:
* An alphabetic glossary including, at its fullest, over 3000 entries.
* A subject glossary. This thematic glossary contains about 30,000 words, including the names of gods, constellations, temples, holidays, clothing, colors, birds, and trees, as well as military, judicial and financial terms. It does not include vocabulary relating to death or illness. Words are sometimes presented alongside two or three different translated equivalents.
* Conversation guides. These dialogues (known as the "colloquia") follow the dictionary, and use juvenile language to tell the story of a day in the life of a pupil and his master. There are eight sections: Waking up, school, work, social life, lunch, homework, bathing, dinner, and going to bed.
* Texts for reading
The Hermeneumata was later adapted, and further Greek vocabulary being added from the Liber glossarum.
The pedagogy of the dialogues is based on the immediate comprehension of extremely simple phrases, most often limited to a subject, verb and complement. There are no grammatical explanations: Conjugations are simply enumerated by way of disconnected sentences which present a variation on a grammatical theme (e.g. pronoun substitution, verb tense).
Example: :
| Greek | Πρῶτον ἀσπάζομαι τὸν διδάσκαλον, ὃς ἐμὲ ἀντησπάσατο. χαῖρε διδάσκαλε. χαίρετε συμμαθηταί. μαθηταί. συμμαθηταί, τόπον ἐμοὶ δότε ἐμόν. βάθρον. ὑποπόδιον. δίφρος. σύναγέ σε. |
| Latin | Primum saluto magistrum, qui me resalutavit. ave magister. avete condiscipuli. discipuli. condiscipuli, locum mihi date meum. scamnum. scamellum. sella. densa te. |
| English | First I greet the master, who greets me in turn. Hello, master. Hello, schoolmates. Students. Schoolmates, give me my place. Bench. Footstool. Chair. Gather around. |
# Caloptilia jasminicola

Caloptilia jasminicola is a moth of the family Gracillariidae. It is known from Fujian and Guangdong, China.
The larvae feed on Jasminum sambac. They mine the leaves of their host plant.
# Neoramia fiordensis

Neoramia fiordensis is a species of Stiphidiidae that is endemic to New Zealand.

## Taxonomy

This species was described in 1973 by Ray Forster and Cecil Wilton from male and female specimens. The holotype is stored in Te Papa Museum under registration number AS.000025.

## Description

The male is recorded at 5.78mm in length whereas the female is 8.67mm. The cephalothorax is pale brown and is dark reddish brown anteriorly. The abdomen is pale with black shading dorsally.

## Distribution

This species is only known from Fiordland, New Zealand.

## Conservation status

Under the New Zealand Threat Classification System, this species is listed as "Not Threatened".
# Farmakida Cove

Farmakida Cove (Bulgarian: залив Фармакида, ‘Zaliv Farmakida’ \'za-liv far-ma-'ki-da\) is the 7 km wide cove indenting for 3.3 km the northeast coast of Alexander Island in Antarctica. It is entered south of Nicholas Point, and has its head fed by Roberts Ice Piedmont. It is surmounted by Mount Calais on the southwest. The feature is named after the ancient Thracian fortress of Farmakida in Southeastern Bulgaria.

## Location

The cove is centered at 69°07′30″S 70°03′00″W﻿ / ﻿69.12500°S 70.05000°W﻿ / -69.12500; -70.05000.

## Maps

* British Antarctic Territory. Scale 1:200000 topographic map. DOS 610 – W 69 70. Tolworth, UK, 1971
* Antarctic Digital Database (ADD). Scale 1:250000 topographic map of Antarctica. Scientific Committee on Antarctic Research (SCAR). Since 1993, regularly upgraded and updated
# Driven by Dreams

Driven by Dreams (French: À force de rêves) is a Canadian documentary film, directed by Serge Giguère and released in 2006. The film profiles five senior citizens who are still driven by the passion to pursue hobbies and aspirations, including painting, singing and flying miniature airplanes.
The film premiered on November 9, 2006, at the Montreal International Documentary Festival. It was later screened at the 2007 Hot Docs Canadian International Documentary Festival, where it received a Special Jury Prize from the Best Canadian Feature Documentary jury.
The film won the Jutra Award for Best Documentary Film at the 9th Jutra Awards in 2007.
# Shawki

Shawki (also spelled Shawky, Shawqi, Shoghi, Shauki) Arabic: شوقي, French: Chaouqui or Turkish: Şevki), is a masculine Arabic given name and surname.
It may refer to:

## Given name

* Shawqi Aboud, Iraqi football manager
* Shawki Awad Balzuhair (born 1981), citizen of Yemen, held in extrajudicial detention in the US Guantanamo Bay detainment camps in Cuba
* Shawki Ibrahim Abdel-Karim Allam, Grand Mufti of Egypt
* Shawky Gharib (born 1959), Egyptian football player
* Şevki Balmumcu (1905–1982), Turkish architect
* Shoghí Effendí (1897–1957), Guardian and appointed head of the Baháʼí Faith from 1921 until his death in 1957
* Shawqi Abdul Amir (born 1949), Iraqi poet
* Afdlin Shauki (born 1971), Malaysian film producer and screenwriter

## Middle name

* Yakup Şevki Subaşı (1876–1939), also known as Yakub Shevki Pasha, general of the Ottoman Army and the Turkish Army

## Surname

* Ahmed Shawqi (1868–1932), Egyptian pan-Arab poet, dramatist
* Ahmed Chawki, Moroccan singer, also known as Chawki
* Ayman Shawky (born 1962), Egyptian football player
* Farid Shawki (1920–1998), Egyptian actor, screenwriter and film producer
* Maged Shawky, Egyptian businessman and administrator
* Mohamed Shawki (born 1981), Egyptian footballer
* Tarek Shawki (born 1957), the Chief of the ICTs Section within the "Information Society Division" in UNESCO, Paris, France
* Mostafa, Shawki (1940-2022), Al-Ahram newspaper Middle East Correspondent Cairo, Egypt. Chief of the Arabic Section in ICAO (International Civil Aviation Organization), Montreal, Canada

## Others

* Ahmed Shawki Museum, museum in Cairo, Egypt, in tribute of poet Ahmed Shawqi
* Chawki silkworms, alternative name for Bombyx mori
# Shabur

Shabur (Russian: Шабур; Buryat: Шабар, Shabar) is a rural locality (a selo) in Zaigrayevsky District, Republic of Buryatia, Russia. The population was 1,235 as of 2010. There are 9 streets.

## Geography

Shabur is located 56 km south of Zaigrayevo (the district's administrative centre) by road. Tsagan-Daban is the nearest rural locality.
# Sam Hynd

Sam Hynd (born 3 July 1991) is a retired British para-swimmer. He competed in the Paralympics as a S8 classification swimmer, having club feet and mild form of muscular dystrophy.
Hynd achieved significant success in the 400m Freestyle, winning gold at the 2008 Summer Paralympics, the 2009 and 2011 IPC European Championships, and the 2009 IPC World Championships. Oliver Hynd, Sam's younger brother, finished in second place at the 2011 European event.
Sam retired from competitive swimming in February 2014, at the age of 22.

## Recognition

Originally suggested by Charlotte Henshaw's father, Mansfield District ward councillor Paul Henshaw, to acknowledge the achievements of Ollie Hynd, the council voted in December 2014 to name the 25-metre laned pool at the town's Water Meadows complex as Hynds and Henshaw Competition Pool, to honour Sam, his brother Ollie and Charlotte Henshaw who all trained there.
# Owja Kolah

Owja Kolah (Persian: اوجا كله, also Romanized as Owjā Kolah; also known as Owjā Kolā and Ūjā Kolā) is a village in Kelarestaq-e Gharbi Rural District, in the Central District of Chalus County, Mazandaran Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 382, in 113 families.
# Xiao Yanning

Xiao Yanning (Chinese: 肖雁宁, born 23 February 1998) is a Chinese competitor in synchronised swimming.
She won a silver medal at the 2015 World Aquatics Championships as the youngest athlete on the Chinese team. She also won 2 bronze medals at the 2014 FINA World Junior Synchronised Swimming Championships.
# Liberation Front of the State of Cabinda

The Liberation Front of the State of Cabinda (Portuguese: Frente de Libertação do Estado de Cabinda; FLEC (Lopes)) is a separatist movement seeking the independence of the Angolan province of Cabinda. It was founded in the Netherlands in 1996 by a group of Cabindese expatriates.
# Niall Cowperthwaite

Niall Thomas Cowperthwaite (born 28 January 1992) is an English professional footballer who plays for Lancaster City as a left back.

## Career

Born in Barrow-in-Furness, Cowperthwaite moved from the Morecambe juniors to the senior team in August 2010. In May 2012, Cowperthwaite was released by the club. He spent the 2012–13 season with Workington. In June 2013 he left Workington to attend Lancaster University. Later that month he signed for Kendal Town. He also played for Penrith.
In December 2013, he signed for Barrow on non-contract terms. In February 2016 he ruptured his ACL. In July 2018, after two years without a club, he returned to Workington.
On 21 May 2019, he joined Lancaster City.

## Personal life

He is the son of former Barrow striker Colin Cowperthwaite.

## Career statistics

| Club | Season | League | League | FA Cup | FA Cup | League Cup | League Cup | Other | Other | Total | Total |
| Club | Season | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals |
| Morecambe | 2010–11 | 7 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 7 | 1 |
| Morecambe | 2011–12 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 0 |
| Morecambe | Total | 10 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 10 | 1 |
| Workington | 2012–13 | 36 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 37 | 0 |
| Barrow | 2013–14 | 14 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 14 | 3 |
| Barrow | 2014–15 | 33 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 33 | 1 |
| Barrow | 2015–16 | 24 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 26 | 1 |
| Barrow | Total | 71 | 5 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 73 | 5 |
| Career total | Career total | 117 | 6 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 120 | 6 |
# Gazaneh, Mazandaran

Gazaneh (Persian: گزانه, also Romanized as Gazāneh; also known as Kazūna) is a village in Bala Larijan Rural District, Larijan District, Amol County, Mazandaran Province, Iran. At the 2016 census, its population was 246, in 85 families, up from 119 people in 2006.
# Aaron Landes

Aaron Landes (October 1, 1929 – April 19, 2014) was an American rabbi in the Conservative movement and a rear admiral in the United States Naval Reserve. He served as rabbi of Beth Sholom Congregation in Elkins Park, Pennsylvania for 36 years. With his wife, Sora Eisenberg Landes, he founded the Forman Hebrew Day School, now known as the Forman branch of the Perelman Jewish Day School. He also was instrumental in founding the Hebrew Free Loan Society of Greater Philadelphia. During his time in Philadelphia, Landes served on the board of governors at Gratz College.
Born in 1929 in Revere, Massachusetts, Landes served in the United States Navy for two years after his ordination and continued in the United States Navy Reserve until 1989, reaching the rank of rear admiral and retiring as director of all reserve chaplains in the U.S. Navy Chaplain Corps. During his naval career, he was instrumental in the building of Jewish chapels at the United States Naval Academy in Annapolis, Maryland, and at the naval base in Norfolk, Virginia.