# Arbutoideae

The Arbutoideae are a subfamily in the plant family Ericaceae. Phylogenetic analysis supported all genera of the subfamily as monophyletic, except Arbutus. Moreover, it was suggested that the non-sister relationship between Mediterranean and North American species may be explained by a once widespread distribution in the Northern hemisphere before the Neogene.
The genera Arbutus, Arctostaphylos, Comarostaphylis form a particular type of mycorrhizal symbiosis with the fungus, Arbutoid mycorrhiza, which resembles ectomycorrhizas.

## Genera List

| Genus | Living species |
| Arbutus L. | Species Common name Range andrachne Greek strawberry tree Mediterranean and Middle East canariensis Canary madrone Canary Islands of Spain pavarii Libya: Jebel Akhdar range in coastal Cyrenaica unedo Strawberry tree Europe, north Africa, Middle East arizonica Arizona madrone Mexico, southwestern United States bicolor . madrensis Mexico: Durango, Jalisco, Nayarit, Sinaloa menziesii Pacific madrone Coastal areas of British Columbia, Washington, Oregon, California; Sierra Nevada mollis Mexico occidentalis western Mexico tessellata . northern and central Mexico from Chihuahua to Jalisco, Tlaxcala, and Veracruz xalapensis Texas madrone Central American, Mexico, southwestern United States |
| Arctostaphylos Adans. | Subgenus Micrococcus Sect. Micrococcus Species Common name Range mendocinoensis Pygmy manzanita myrtifolia Ione manzanita California (Amador, Calaveras Counties) nissenana Nissenan manzanita California (coastal and inland ranges north of San Francisco Bay) nummularia Glossyleaf manzanita California (Mendocino County) Subgenus Arctostaphylos, which has 3 sections: Sect. Arctostaphylos Species Common name Range alpina Alpine bearberry bakeri Baker's manzanita California (Sonoma County) densiflora Sonoma manzanita California (Sonoma County) edmundsii Little Sur manzanita California (Monterey County) franciscana Franciscan manzanita California (San Francisco County) gabrielensis San Gabriel manzanita California (Los Angeles County) glauca Bigberry manzanita California and Baja California hispidula Gasquet manzanita Coastal mountain ranges of southern Oregon and northern California hookeri Hooker's manzanita California insularis Island manzanita California (Santa Cruz Island) klamathensis Klamath manzanita California (Klamath Mountains) manzanita Common manzanita, whiteleaf manzanita California (Coast Ranges and Sierra Nevada foothills) mewukka Indian manzanita California (Sierra Nevada) nevadensis Pinemat manzanita California parryana Parry manzanita California (southern) patula Greenleaf manzanita Western North America pumila Sandmat manzanita California (Monterey County) pungens Pointleaf manzanita Southwestern United States and to northern and central Mexico rudis Shagbark manzanita California (southern central coast) stanfordiana Stanford's manzanita California (Outer North Coast Ranges north of the San Francisco Bay Area) uva-ursi Bearberry Europe, Asia, North America viscida Sticky manzanita, whiteleaf manzanita California and Oregon Sect. Foliobracteata Species Common name Range andersonii Santa Cruz manzanita Santa Cruz mountains (CA) auriculata Mount Diablo manzanita Mount Diablo (CA) canescens Hoary manzanita Coastal ranges of SW OR and N CA catalinae Santa Catalina Island manzanita Santa Catalina Island (CA) columbiana Hairy manzanita West coast from N. CA to S. BC confertiflora Santa Rosa Island manzanita Santa Rosa Island (CA) cruzensis La Cruz manzanita Monterey and San Luis Obispo counties (CA) glandulosa Eastwood manzanita Coastal slops from OR, CA, Baja California glutinosa Schreiber's manzanita Santa Cruz County (CA) hooveri Hoover's manzanita Santa Lucia Mountains (CA) imbricata San Bruno Mountain manzanita San Bruno Mountain (CA) luciana Santa Lucia manzanita southern Santa Lucia Mountains (CA) malloryi Mallory's manzanita Inner North Coast Ranges west and northwest of the Sacramento Valley (CA) montaraensis Montara manzanita San Bruno Mountain and Montara Mountain (CA) montereyensis Monterey manzanita Monterey County (CA) morroensis Morro manzanita Morro Bay (CA) nortensis Del Norte manzanita Del Norte County (CA), Curry County (OR), Josephine County (OR) obispoensis Serpentine manzanita Southern Santa Lucia Mountains (CA) osoensis Oso manzanita Los Osos Valley (San Luis Obispo, CA) otayensis Otay manzanita San Diego County (CA) pajaroensis Pajaro manzanita Monterey County, Santa Cruz County, San Benito County (CA) pallida Pallid manzanita pechoensis Pecho manzanita pilosula La Panzo manzanita purissima La Purissima manzanita refugioensis Refugio manzanita regismontana Kings Mountain manzanita silvicola Bonny Doon manzanita tomentosa Woolyleaf manzanita virgata Bolinas manzanita viridissima Whitehair manzanita wellsii Wells' manzanita Sect. Pictobracteata Species Common name Range pringlei Pringle manzanita Unassigned Species Common name Range rainbowensis Rainbow manzanita gabilanensis Gabilan manzanita ohloneana Ohlone manzanita |
| Arctous (A.Gray) Nied. | Species Common name Range alpina (L.) Nied. microphyllus C.Y.Wu ruber (Rehder & E.H.Wilson) Nakai |
| Comarostaphylis Zucc. | Species Common name Range arbutoides discolor diversifolia glaucescens lanata longifolia mucronata polifolia sharpii spinulosa |
| Ornithostaphylos Small | Species Common name Range oppositifolia Baja birdbush |
| Xylococcus Nutt. | Species Common name Range bicolor Mission manzanita |