OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# 1961 East Fife by-election

The 1961 East Fife by-election was a by-election held for the UK House of Commons constituency of East Fife in Scotland on 9 November 1961. It was won by the Unionist candidate Sir John Gilmour with a majority of 7,066 votes.

## Vacancy

The seat had become vacant when the sitting National Liberal Member of Parliament (MP), Sir James Henderson-Stewart had died aged 63 on 3 September 1961. He had held the seat since a by-election in 1933. The result at the previous election was as follows;
General election 1959: East Fife :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| | National Liberal | James Henderson-Stewart | 26,585 | 69.95 | −0.65 |
| | Labour | J. Nicol | 11,421 | 30.05 | +0.65 |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 15,164 | 39.90 | −1.30 |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 38,006 | 75.20 | +2.01 |
| | National Liberal hold | National Liberal hold | Swing | −0.65 | |

## Candidates

The Unionist candidate was 49-year-old Sir John Gilmour, an Eton and Cambridge-educated baronet who was a local farmer and landowner, and a decorated war hero. His father, also named John, had been an MP for thirty years, serving as a Cabinet minister during the 1920s and 1930s; including a period as Home Secretary. Gilmour was a reluctant by-election candidate; he had stood unsuccessfully at the 1945 general election in Clackmannan and Eastern Stirlingshire, but preferred local politics and had been a member of Fife County Council since 1955. However, he was pressured to stand by the constituency association which feared the imposition of an unpopular Conservative candidate.
The Labour Party candidate was John Smith, a 23-year-old law student at the University of Glasgow, who would later become Shadow Chancellor in 1987 and more importantly, Leader of the Labour Party in 1992.
The Liberal Party candidate was 30-year-old Donald Leach. He contested Edinburgh West at the 1959 general election. He was the Head of Department of Mathematics at Napier College of Science and Technology, and was educated at John Ruskin Grammar School and Croydon Polytechnic.

## Result

Gilmour was elected with a reduced but still large majority, with nearly 50% of the votes.
East Fife by-election, 1961 :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| | Unionist | John Gilmour | 15,948 | 47.5 | −22.4 |
| | Labour | John Smith | 8,882 | 26.4 | −3.6 |
| | Liberal | Donald Leach | 8,786 | 26.1 | N/A |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 7,066 | 21.1 | −18.8 |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 33,616 | | |
| | Unionist hold | Unionist hold | Swing | −9.3 | |
Gilmour was re-elected at the 1964 general election, with an increased majority over Smith, and held the seat until he stepped down at the 1979 general election. Smith would eventually be elected as Leader of the Labour Party 31 years later, following the resignation of Neil Kinnock.
# Tersane railway station

Tersane railway station (Turkish: Tersane istasyonu) is a railway station in Pendik, Istanbul, on the Marmaray line. Up until 2012, the station was a stop on the Haydarpaşa suburban commuter rail line. The original station consisted of two side platforms with two tracks. The station gets its name from the nearby Pendik Shipyards, as Tersane is Turkish for shipyard.
Tersane station was closed down on 1 February 2012, when all train traffic between Pendik and Arifiye was temporarily suspended due to construction of the Ankara-Istanbul high-speed railway. The station was demolished shortly after and a new station was built in its place. The new station consists of an island platform serving two tracks, with a third express track on the south side.
Tersane station was opened on March 12, 2019 along with the entire Marmaray line.
# Gemayel family

Gemayel (/ʒəmaɪˈɛl/; Arabic: الجميّل; romanized: al-Jumayyil) is the name of a prominent Lebanese Maronite Christian family based in Bikfaya, Lebanon.

## History

The family is mentioned in bureaucratic records as among the inhabitants of Bikfaya as early as the 16th century. Between that time until the 18th century they were the sheikhs of the village. In 1642 Sheikh Abu Aoun was the joint governor of the subdistrict of Bsharri alongside the Druze chief Zayn al-Din of the Sawwaf family.

## Notable members

* Philip Gemayel, Maronite patriarch from 1795 to 1796
* César Gemayel (1898-1958), Lebanese painter
* Pierre Gemayel (1905–1984), Lebanese political leader and founder of the Kataeb Party
* Geneviève Gemayel (1908–2003), Lebanese political figure, pilot and artist
* Maurice Gemayel (1910–1970), Member of Parliament, brother-in-law of Pierre Gemayel
* Amine Gemayel (born 1942), President of Lebanon from 1982 to 1988, son of Pierre Gemayel
* Bachir Gemayel (1947–1982), son of Pierre Gemayel and Lebanese military commander, politician and president-elect
* Joyce Gemayel, former First Lady of Lebanon, Amine Gemayel's wife
* Pierre Amine Gemayel (1972–2006), Lebanese politician, government minister, assassinated son of President Amine Gemayel
* Samy Gemayel (born 1980), Lebanese politician, son of Amine Gemayel and brother of Pierre Amine Gemayel
* Solange Gemayel (born 1949), former First Lady of Lebanon, widow of former President-elect Bachir Gemayel and was a Member of Parliament from 2005 to 2009
* Nadim Gemayel (born 1982), Lebanese politician, son of Bachir Gemayel
* Boutros Gemayel (1932-2021), Archbishop of Cipro, Cyprus
* Yavanka Gemayel (born 2007), International Math Olympiad Medalist, Indonesia, Husband of Joanna
# Andy Ross (speedway rider)

Andrew Ross (3 April 1940 – 3 September 2006) was an international speedway rider from Scotland.

## Speedway career

Ross was a finalist at the Individual Ice Speedway World Championship in the 1969 Individual Ice Speedway World Championship and the 1970 Individual Ice Speedway World Championship. He was also a prominent grasstrack rider and won the British title in 1968.
He rode in the British League of British Speedway from 1969 to 1971 and was the first captain of the Peterbrough Panthers.
He died in a shooting accident in Scotland on 3 September 2006.

## World final appearances
### Individual Ice Speedway World Championship

* 1969 - Inzell, 11th - 5pts
* 1970 - Nässjö, 7th - 9pts
# Llévame

"Llévame" (English: "Lead Me") is a song by Colombian-American latin pop singer-songwriter Soraya. The song was released as the lead single from her fifth and final studio album El Otro Lado de Mi. The song was written, recorded and produced by Soraya.

## Chart performance

| Chart (2005) | Peak position |
| US Hot Latin Songs (Billboard) | 15 |
| US Latin Pop Airplay (Billboard) | 10 |
# Saleh al-Mutlaq

Saleh Muhammed al-Mutlaq (Arabic: صالح محمد المطلك; born 1 July 1947) is an Iraqi politician who is the head of the Iraqi Front for National Dialogue, the fifth largest political list in Iraq's parliament. From 21 December 2010 to 11 August 2015, he was one of the three deputy prime ministers of Iraq.

## Early life and education

Al-Mutlaq was born in Fallujah into the Jubur Tribe on 1 July 1947. He attended school in Habbaniyah, and went on to graduate from the University of Baghdad in 1968. He later completed his PhD at the University of Aberdeen, graduating in 1974.

## Politics

Mutlaq was an active member of the Ba'ath Party, but was expelled in 1977 after criticizing the government and insisting that 5 Shiite men accused of plotting against the state should receive a fair trial. Mutlaq then pursued a successful career in farming, before returning to politics after the 2003 invasion of Iraq, being appointed to the committee tasked with writing a new constitution. Mutlaq however voted against the new constitution due to the provision which outlawed the Ba'ath Party.
Mutlaq later joined the Iraqi Front for National Dialogue, a Sunni Arab-led Iraqi political list formed to contest the December 2005 elections. The Front alleges it is not sectarian. Mutlaq told Al Arabiya television "The majority of the National Dialogue Council insists that the list is a national list that includes Iraqis from Al-Basrah to Al-Sulaymaniyyah."
The Front platform calls an end to the presence of foreign troops and to rebuild government institutions. It also plans to focus on Iraq's economic and security problems. Its main components are the Iraqi National Front, the National Front for a Free and United Iraq and the Iraqi Christian Democratic Party of Minas.
The Front performed relatively well in the December 2005 election, winning 11 seats, but complained of widespread electoral fraud and called for a re-run of the poll. Western observers and the United Nations said the poll was largely free and fair.
According to BBC World News, Mutlaq wants all sects and ethnic groups to set aside their differences.
Mutlaq was appointed as a Deputy Prime Minister of Iraq alongside Hussain al-Shahristani under Prime Minister of Iraq Nouri al-Maliki. He was reappointed as the Deputy Prime Minister alongside Hoshyar Zebari and Baha Araji under the government of new Prime Minister Haider al-Abadi. He was removed from office on 11 August 2015 by the Iraqi parliament which also voted to remove the three posts of deputy prime ministers and vice presidents.

## Personal life

Mutlaq and his family have been subjected to threats and violence, with his brother being kidnapped and murdered following the 2005 elections, and several of his bodyguards also having been murdered. As a result of this his wife and son live in Amman, Jordan.
# Ulysses (text editor)

Ulysses is a text editor for Apple macOS, iPad, and iPhone. It is targeted at creative writers who wish to eliminate concerns regarding text layout, formatting, or other distractions, allowing them to concentrate on their writing. It supports Markdown for basic formatting.

## History

Ulysses was named after the novel Ulysses by James Joyce.
The Ulysses software was originally released for MacOS and in version 2.5 support was added for iPhone and iPad.
Ulysses 2.0 became the next milestone version of Ulysses. A 2.0 public beta was released in 2009. With the release of Ulysses 2.0, the software was re-branded under the name of The Soulmen. The major upgrade included a new interface, bookmarks for texts, a Document Trash and Project Templates. In addition, all parts of the software have been receiving updates.
The license for Ulysses has been a subscription model (SaaS) since version 11. The standard version of Ulysses is also available on Setapp.
On June 13, 2016, the software was awarded the Apple Design Award.
In 2024, the software was updated to the 35th version.
# USS Helenita (YP-2230)

USS Helenita (YP-2230) was a motorboat acquired by the U.S. Navy during World War I. She was configured as a district patrol craft, and was used to patrol the Norfolk, Virginia, waterways. She was then loaned to the city of Norfolk before eventually being sold as excess to needs.

## Built as a motorboat

The second military vessel to be so named by the U.S. Navy, Helenita was a small wooden motor boat acquired by the Navy in 1919, probably from the Marine Aviation Corps.

## World War I service

She was used as a district patrol craft in the 5th Naval District, Norfolk, Virginia, from February to August 1919.

## On loan to Norfolk, Virginia

In August 1919 she was transferred to the City of Norfolk, Virginia, Department of Public Safety. Transferred 30 August, Helenita served the city until 1 December 1922, when she was returned to the Navy at Norfolk.

## Final disposition

She was finally sold to H. W. Bleckley, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, 22 June 1923.
# White-browed hawk

The white-browed hawk (Leucopternis kuhli) is a species of bird of prey in subfamily Accipitrinae, the "true" hawks, of family Accipitridae. It is found Bolivia, Brazil, and Peru.

## Taxonomy and systematics

The white-browed hawk and the black-faced hawk (L. melanops) are sister species and have sometimes been considered conspecific. They share genus Leucopternis with the semiplumbeous hawk (L. semiplumbeus). The white-browed hawk is monotypic.

## Description

The white-browed hawk is 37 to 40 cm (15 to 16 in) long with a 65 to 76 cm (26 to 30 in) wingspan. Females are larger than males and both sexes have the same plumage. They have a dark head with a narrow white stripe above the eye. Their upperparts are black with white streaks on their nape and mantle. Their tail is black with a wide white band at the midpoint. Their underparts are white. Their eye is brown or reddish brown and their cere, legs, and feet are orange.

## Distribution and habitat

The white-browed hawk is found south of the Amazon River. It occurs in eastern Peru between the departments of Loreto and Madre de Dios, in northern and northeastern Bolivia, and in Brazil to the Atlantic coast in Pará state. It inhabits tropical rainforest between sea level and 500 m (1,600 ft) of elevation.

## Behavior
### Movement

The white-browed hawk appears to be sedentary.

### Feeding

The white-browed hawk hunts near the forest floor. Its diet has not been studied but it has been observed taking a snake and a lizard and is thought to also feed on frogs and large insects.

### Breeding

The white-browed hawk's breeding biology is almost unknown. The one described nest was in western Brazil in December and was thought to hold eggs. It was a small platform of sticks, twigs, and leaves placed in the subcanopy about 15 m (50 ft) above the ground.
* Songs and calls
* Listen to white-browed hawk on xeno-canto

### Vocalization

The white-browed hawk's call is "a high-pitched rather thin downslurred whistle 'keeeeuw' given at intervals."

## Status

The IUCN has assessed the white-browed hawk as being of least concern. It has a large range but its population size is not known and is believed to be decreasing. No immediate threats have been identified. The species is poorly known, "but so much forest in its extensive range remains intact that [the] species can not be considered of immediate concern."
# Kaien Island

Kaien Island is a Canadian island on the coast of British Columbia, just north of the mouth of the Skeena River and to the south of the Alaska Panhandle. The island has an area of about 45 square kilometres (11,000 acres), is roughly oval, and about 11 kilometres (6.8 miles) long along its long axis. The island consists of a central mountain ridge, surrounded by coastal lowlands. The dominant central peak is Mount Hays, reaching 708 metres (2,323 ft), with a secondary peak, Mount Olfield, reaching 555 metres (1,821 ft) to the northeast.
Located within the Hecate Depression of the Coastal Trough, Kaien Island is a subdivision of the Coast Mountains geomorphic region. The island's bedrock consists of metasedimentary amphibolite, which dips towards the east at about 35 degrees. The island is contained within the North Coast Regional District and is part of the North Coast region. Tidal waters surrounding the island have a wide range which results in extensive exposure of mud flats and rock shoals that are prime habitat for invertebrates and intertidal fish.
Kaien Island is central to the traditional territories of the Tsimshian First Nations, and has been permanently settled for more than 5,000 years. The city of Prince Rupert is on the island. Casey Point is on the western extremity of the island, facing Digby Island, and was the site of one of the coastal defence installations to protect the BC Coast during World War II. Another such installation was at Seal Cove on the island's northern tip.
# James Aronson Award

The James Aronson Award for Social Justice Journalism has been awarded since 1990 to honor Hunter College Professor, James Aronson. This award honors original, written English-language reporting from the U.S. media that brings to light widespread injustices, their human consequences, underlying causes, and possible reforms. This includes but is not limited to: discrimination, exploitation, violations of human rights or civil liberties, and environmental degradation. The Grambs Aronson Cartooning with a Conscience Award is named for his wife, (Blanche Mary) Grambs Aronson. The award, which was established in 1998, seeks to honor Hunter College students who demonstrate prowess in editorial cartooning in either print or digital media.
# Siamo donne (song)

"Siamo Donne" (English: We are Women) is a duet by Sabrina and Jo Squillo. The song was released in January 1991 and appeared on Sabrina's third studio album Over the Pop, but only on the album picture disc edition.

## Song information

In 1991, Sabrina teamed up with Italian starlet Jo Squillo (real name Giovanna Coletti) to record the song "Siamo Donne", which was a premiere for Sabrina in two aspects: It was her first duet, and her first Italian-language single. The pair performed the song at 1991's Sanremo music-festival (and on many TV shows), and although there was much publicity, the song did not become a big hit.

## Formats and track listings
### 7" Single

* "Siamo Donne" - 3:38
* "Siamo Donne" (Instrumental) - 3:38

### Cassette Single

* "Siamo Donne" - 3:38
* "With A Boy Like You" (Sabrina) - 4:46
* "Whole Lotta Love" (Jo Squillo) - 2:55

## Charts

| Chart | Peak position |
| Italy (Musica e dischi) | 21 |
# Mosaferabad

Mosaferabad (Persian: مسافراباد, also Romanized as Mosāferābād; also known as Moz̧affarābād, Muzaffarābād, and Muzffarābād) is a village in Mosaferabad Rural District, Rudkhaneh District, Rudan County, Hormozgan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 117, in 29 families.

## Nearby villages

| Name | Distance |
| Gorāzābād | .9 km |
| Mīān Chīlān | 1.7 km |
| Rostamābād | 1.7 km |
# The Standard (Buenos Aires)

The Standard (Spanish: El Estandarte) was an Argentine newspaper published in Buenos Aires between 1861 and 1959 which claimed to be the first English daily in the Southern Hemisphere. It was initially published weekly in 1861 as "The Weekly Standard" and in December 1862 became the daily "The Standard and River Plate News". In 1939, the entrepreneur Alfredo Dougall (owner of Radio Excelsior), bought The Standard and in 1943 the name was changed to "The Standard: (El Estandarte)". In 1955 it reverted to weekly publication until it finally closed in 1959.

## History

Edward Mulhall, born in Dublin in 1832, moved to Argentina initially to breed sheep in Ranchos and Zárate. In 1861, he sold up and joined his brother Michael to found an English-language newspaper for the British community in Argentina.
The Standard claimed to be the first English-language daily newspaper in the southern hemisphere. It became the oldest and most respected English newspaper in South America. "'The Standard of Buenos Aires, long a principal source of Argentine business news, regularly shipped 20,000 copies of its monthly supplement to British investors".
The Standard covered the first football match in Argentina, that took place on 20 June 1867 at the Buenos Aires Cricket Club Ground in Palermo, Buenos Aires. The newspaper subsequently covered other football matches, becoming a pioneer in sports coverage in Argentina.
After the death of Edward Mulhall in 1899 it was managed by his son, another Edward who founded another notable newspaper, La Argentina.
The Max von Buch Library had archived editions of the newspaper, bound in 306 volumes, donated in 1999 by the children of Dougall. A significant source on the history of Argentina, some numbers have been scanned and placed online (but without electronic searchability) by the University of San Andrés Argentina.
# Independent Alliance of Mozambique

The Independent Alliance of Mozambique (Portuguese: Aliança Independente de Moçambique) is a political party in Mozambique. At the last legislative elections, 1 and 2 December 2004, the party was the main part of the Renamo-UE electoral alliance, that won 29.7% of the popular vote and 90 out of 250 seats. The presidential candidate of this alliance, Afonso Dhlakama, won 31.7% of the popular vote.
# Lehavot HaBashan

Lehavot HaBashan (Hebrew: לְהֲבוֹת הַבָּשָׁן, lit. 'Flames of the Bashan') is a kibbutz in northern Israel. Located in the Hula Valley around ten kilometres southeast of Kiryat Shmona, it falls under the jurisdiction of Upper Galilee Regional Council. In 2022 it had a population of 915.

## History

The village was established in 1945 on land which had formally belonged to kibbutz Amir, by former Hashomer Hatzair members and the Lehavot gar'in, which was composed of immigrants from Germany and Poland brought to the country by Youth Aliyah. Kibbutz Amir had moved north in 1942, to land bought from another Arab village, al-Dawwara, in order to avoid the winter floods.
One of them was Dov Zakin, later a member of the Knesset. In 1947 the kibbutz moved to its present location. The name is derived from that of the founders' gar'in, together with the Golan Heights, also known as Bashan Mountains, which overlook the kibbutz.

## Economy

LVT, a fire protection equipment manufacturer that specializes in the development of fire protection and suppression systems for the military, industrial, and commercial sectors, is located on Kibbutz Lehavot HaBashan.

## Notable people

* Israel Gutman (1923–2013), Polish-born Israeli historian and Holocaust survivor
* Amiram Levin (born 1946), Aluf (Major General) of the Israel Defense Forces
* Lonah Chemtai Salpeter (born 1988), Kenya-born Israeli Olympic marathon runner
# Religious views on capitalism

Religious views on capitalism have been philosophically diverse, with numerous religious philosophers defending the natural right to property while simultaneously expressing criticism at the negative social effects of materialism and greed.

## Christian views
### Christian socialism

The first socialists drew many of their principles from Christian values against the capitalist values of profiteering, greed, selfishness and hoarding. Christian socialism is a branch of socialism that is based on the Bible, church teaching, and the sacraments. Liberation theology is a school of theology within Christianity, particularly in the Catholic Church. It emphasizes the Christian mission to bring justice to the poor and oppressed, particularly through political activism. Its theologians consider sin the root source of poverty, the sin in question being exploitative capitalism and class war by the rich against the poor. In the United States, the Social Gospel was pursued in response to increased ideas of capitalist ideas and social Darwinism, calling on protections of people against perceived threats from industrialization.

### Distributism
## Muslim views
### Legislation against riba

Usury or riba is prohibited and religious law encourages the use of capital to spur economic activity while placing the burden of risk along with the benefit of profit with the owner of the capital. A 2.5% alms tax (zakat) is levied on all gold, crops and cattle.

### Opposition in Egypt and Iran

Sayyid Qutb denounced capitalism in The Battle Between Islam and Capitalism, published in 1951. The Islamic constitution of Iran which was drafted by mostly Islamic clerics (see the Assembly of Experts) dispraises the "materialist schools of thought" that encourage "concentration and accumulation of wealth and maximization of profit". Malcolm X was also critical of capitalism.
# Dasaki

Dasaki (Greek: Δασάκι, before 1950: Παλαιοκόπρια – Palaiokopria) is a village of the Grevena municipality. Before the 2011 local government reform it was a part of the municipality of Irakleotes. The 2021 census recorded 7 residents in the village. Dasaki is a part of the community of Aidonia.