OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Western pygmy blue

The western pygmy blue (Brephidium exilis or Brephidium exile) is one of the smallest butterflies in the world and the smallest in North America. It has reached Hawaii, as well as the Persian Gulf, including Kuwait, eastern Saudi Arabia, Bahrain and the United Arab Emirates.

## Description

The upperside is copper brown with dull blue at the bases of both wings. The underside of the hindwing is copper brown with white at the base; the fringe mostly white, with 3 small black spots near base, and a row of black spots at outer margin. The wingspan is 12–20 mm.

## Biology

Males establish a territory in which they look for receptive females to mate with. After mating, females lay eggs on all parts of the host plant, oftenmost on the uppersides of leaves. The caterpillars eat all parts of the plant; host species include Pigweed (Chenopodium album), saltbush species (Atriplex), and others in the goosefoot family (Chenopodiaceae). Adult imagos appear in July–September in the north, while it appears year round in South Texas. Adults feed on nectar only.

## Distribution and habitat

This butterfly can be found in alkaline areas such as deserts, salt marshes, and barren areas. They are common across their natural range, which includes the Southwestern United States from California eastwards to west Texas, and from Mexico to Venezuela. It may migrate to Arkansas, Nebraska, and Oregon. Its introduced range includes the United Arab Emirates, Bahrain, and eastern Saudi Arabia along the Persian Gulf coast up to Kuwait. It recently colonized the Tampa Bay area of Florida.

## Subspecies

There are four subspecies:
* Brephidium exilis exilis (Texas, New Mexico, Arizona, Nevada, California, Mexico, New Orleans to Florida)
* Brephidium exilis isophthalma (Herrich-Schäffer, 1862) (Cuba, Jamaica, Hispaniola, Bahamas)
* Brephidium exilis thompsoni (Carpenter & Lewis, 1943) (Grand Cayman)
* Brephidium exilis yucateca Clench, 1970 (Yucatán peninsula)

## Images

* Lateral view of an adult
* Pinned specimen
* B. e. thompsoni, Grand Cayman
* B. e. thompsoni, Grand Cayman
# Phycosoma oecobioides

Phycosoma oecobioides is a species of cobweb spider that is endemic to New Zealand.

## Taxonomy

This species was described in 1880 by Octavius Pickard-Cambridge from female specimens. It was most recently revised in 2003 and 2004. The holotype is stored in Oxford University Museum of Natural History.

## Description

The male is recorded at 2.11mm in length whereas the female is 2.12mm.

## Distribution

This species is widespread throughout New Zealand, including on Chatham Island.

## Conservation status

Under the New Zealand Threat Classification System, this species is listed as "Not Threatened".
# Cadet College Mastung

Cadet College Mastung (Urdu: کیڈٹ کالج مستونگ, abbreviated as CCM) is a residential high school and college, for boys from grade seven up to twelve. It is located in district Mastung, Balochistan province Pakistan, on RCD Highway (N-25 National Highway) that leads 54 Km to Quetta in North, and 630 Km from Karachi. It covers an area of 120 acres (0.49 km2).

## History

The Project of establishing a Cadet College in Balochistan was conceived in March 1976. The President of Pakistan gave his blessings in 1979 and it's PC-I approved in 1981. Current site of this college was selected in 1982. Whereas, the construction of first two phases started in 1983. The college became operational on April 9, 1987 with the induction of first batch (entry) of 60 cadets.

## Organizational structure

Cadet College Mastung has a large organizational body. The leading commandment is subdivided into three bodies with different domains to look after.
* Vice Principal: Academics and accommodation
* Administration: Admin, bursar, messing & medical
* Adjutant: Security, discipline, co-curricular activities

## Houses

The college is divided into four houses and represented with the following colors:
Iqbal House Jinnah House  Omer House Haider House
# Laqeh

Yeqeh (Persian: يقه; also known as Yaqeh) is a village in Manjilabad Rural District, in the Central District of Robat Karim County, Tehran Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 409, in 98 families.
# Chomo Lonzo

Chomo Lonzo (Chinese: 珠穆隆索峰; pinyin: Zhūmùlóngsuǒ Fēng) is a mountain in Tibet, 5 km northeast of Makalu in the Mahalungur (Mohalingor) or Khumbu Himalayas. Alternate spellings of the same name include Chomolonzo, Chomolönzo, Chomo Lönzo, Jomolönzo, and Lhamalangcho.
Chomo-Lonzo has three distinct summits. The Southern, main peak (7804m) is joined via a ~ 7250m saddle to the Central peak (7565m), which is joined via a ~7050m saddle to a ~7200m North (or North West) peak.
While from Nepal the mountain is overpowered by nearby Makalu, the fifth-highest peak in the world, the three peaks are a very impressive and dominating sight from the Kangshung valley in Tibet. Chomo-Lonzo translates to “bird goddess” and from the East the mountain indeed brings to mind a 3 km high eagle with spread wings.

## Climbing History

On October 30, 1954 the French climbers Jean Couzy and Lionel Terray made the first ascent of the main summit via the gently sloping SW ridge from the 7200m Sakietang La that separates Chomo Lonzo from Makalu. They did this as an afterthought during a reconnaissance expedition to the Makalu, which they first-ascended the next year. The second ascent was on October 24, 1993 by a Japanese expedition which found a route through the NW face that joined the SW ridge half-way. A third and currently last ascent of the main peak in 1994 followed the original SW ridge route. The Central and North peaks remained unclimbed until 2005.
In April 2005, a French expedition first explored the NE face but, finding it too challenging, approached the mountain from the West and Northwest instead. One team (Yannick Graziani, Christian Trommsdorff and Patrick Wagnon) climbed the North summit over the NW ridge on May 7, while another (Stéphane Benoist and Patrice Glairon-Rappaz) reached it over the West face on May 16. The first team reascended the North peak and continued to reach the central peak on May 21. The initial plan to traverse all three peaks and descend via the Sakietang La proved impossible.
# 2012 Nordic Golf League

The 2012 Nordic Golf League was the 14th season of the Nordic Golf League, a third-tier tour recognised by the European Tour.

## Schedule

The following table lists official events during the 2012 season.
| Date | Tournament | Host country | Purse | Winner |
| 18 Mar | ECCO Spanish Open | Spain | €45,000 | Christian Aronsen (5) |
| 23 Mar | Mediter Real Estate Masters | Spain | €45,000 | Jens Fahrbring (1) |
| 28 Apr | PEAB PGA Grand Opening | Sweden | SKr 500,000 | Niklas Lemke (1) |
| 4 May | Sydbank Masters | Denmark | DKr 300,000 | Jeff Winther (1) |
| 11 May | Club La Santa Championship | Denmark | DKr 300,000 | John Davies (2) |
| 17 May | Elisefarm Open | Sweden | SKr 400,000 | Jens Dantorp (7) |
| 26 May | Söderby Masters | Sweden | SKr 400,000 | Lucas Bjerregaard (1) |
| 2 Jun | Svedala Open | Sweden | SKr 450,000 | Marcus Larsson (1) |
| 8 Jun | Samsø Classic | Denmark | DKr 250,000 | Steen Tinning (1) |
| 17 Jun | Danjord Masters | Denmark | DKr 300,000 | Peter Kaensche (2) |
| 21 Jun | Nordea Open | Norway | SKr 350,000 | Kristoffer Broberg (2) |
| 29 Jun | Bravo Tours Open | Denmark | DKr 300,000 | David Palm (3) |
| 6 Jul | Katrineholm Open | Sweden | SKr 300,000 | Kristoffer Broberg (3) |
| 14 Jul | TehoSport Finnish Open | Finland | €60,000 | Tapio Pulkkanen (a) (3) |
| 29 Jul | Gant Open | Finland | €40,000 | Niklas Bruzelius (5) |
| 5 Aug | Mørk Masters | Norway | DKr 300,000 | Kenneth Svanum (1) |
| 11 Aug | Isaberg Open | Sweden | SKr 400,000 | Lucas Bjerregaard (2) |
| 18 Aug | SM Match | Sweden | SKr 300,000 | Jesper Billing (1) |
| 26 Aug | Landskrona Masters | Sweden | SKr 400,000 | Jacob Glennemo (1) |
| 1 Sep | Meri Teijo Open | Finland | €25,000 | Miki Kuronen (a) (1) |
| 7 Sep | Willis Masters | Denmark | DKr 300,000 | Jonathan Ågren (1) |
| 15 Sep | Solkusten Masters | Sweden | SKr 400,000 | David Palm (4) |
| 21 Sep | Freja PGA Championship | Denmark | DKr 300,000 | Peter Malmgren (4) |
| 30 Sep | Nordea Tour Championship | Sweden | SKr 450,000 | Johan Carlsson (2) |
| 6 Oct | Backtee Race To HimmerLand | Denmark | DKr 520,000 | Jens Dantorp (8) |

## Order of Merit

The Order of Merit was based on tournament results during the season, calculated using a points-based system. The top five players on the Order of Merit (not otherwise exempt) earned status to play on the 2013 Challenge Tour.
| Position | Player | Points | Status earned |
| 1 | Lucas Bjerregaard | 52,260 | Promoted to Challenge Tour |
| 2 | Johan Carlsson | 41,786 | Promoted to Challenge Tour |
| 3 | Jens Fahrbring | 35,275 | Promoted to Challenge Tour |
| 4 | Pontus Leijon | 29,205 | Promoted to Challenge Tour |
| 5 | Jacob Glennemo | 29,141 | Qualified for Challenge Tour (made cut in Q School) |
| 6 | David Palm | 23,492 | Promoted to Challenge Tour |
| 7 | Niclas Johansson | 23,434 | |
| 8 | Jeff Winther | 22,553 | |
| 9 | Gustav Adell | 22,504 | |
| 10 | Victor Hielte | 19,229 | |
# Randhir Witana

Randhir Yasendra Witana, known simply as Randhir (born 30 April 1986), is a Sri Lankan rapper and songwriter.

## Background

Randhir was educated at Royal College, Colombo.

## Beginnings

Randhir began his professional music career as a member of the first hip hop music group of Sri Lanka, Brown Boogie Nation. Later he collaborated with Sri Lankan hip hop duo BnS, featuring on their first hip hop remix song "Siri Sangabodhi". In the early years of his career, Randhir collaborated with many popular young Sri Lankan artists, notably BnS featuring as a hip hop artist on many of the duo's 'folkhop remixes'.

## Success with debut song "Namal Mitak"

In 2013, Randhir released his debut song "Namal Mitak". It was composed by Randhir and produced by Sachith Peiris. The release of "Namal Mitak" marked Randhir's entry into the Sri Lankan music industry as a solo artist and won him much acclaim among music lovers of all ages. The song topped many Sri Lankan radio charts while video recordings of his live performances were given heavy rotation on many Sri Lankan TV channels.

## Namal Mitak - The Album

Randhir released his debut solo album "Namal Mitak" on 23 September 2013, through Universal Music & M Entertainments. The release of a music video for "Ojaye" (which was another popular hit song) followed soon after the release of the album. The music video for "Ojaye" was awarded the prize for the best choreography at the Derana Music Video Awards 2013.

## Ambassadorship

In August 2013, Randhir represented Sri Lanka as the country's Hip hop music Ambassador at the C/O POP Music Festival in Cologne, Germany.
In November–December 2013, Randhir volunteered to be the spokesperson for an AIDS Awareness Campaign by the National STD & AIDS Control Program [NSACP] of Sri Lanka. On 10 December 2013, Randhir received an award from the NSACP in recognition of his contribution towards AIDS prevention in Sri Lanka.

## Discography

Studio Albums
* Namal Mitak (2013)
* Pem wasanthaya
# Tagalak Island

Tagalak Island (Aleut: Tagalax̂) is an island located in the central area of the Andreanof Islands of the Aleutian Islands of Alaska. West of the island lies Chugul. The island is 6.3 kilometres (3.9 mi) long and 7 kilometres (4.3 mi) wide.
# Frank Shell

Francis Henry Shell (2 January 1912 – 1988) was an English professional footballer who played in the Football League for Aston Villa and Mansfield Town.
# Nadruchevskaya

Nadruchevskaya (Russian: Надручевская) is a rural locality (a village) in Rakulo-Kokshengskoye Rural Settlement of Velsky District, Arkhangelsk Oblast, Russia. The population was 8 as of 2014.

## Geography

Nadruchevskaya is located 56 km east of Velsk (the district's administrative centre) by road. Ulasovskaya is the nearest rural locality.
# Boris Maneff

Auguste Maneff Taneff (1916 – 23 May 1960), known as Boris Maneff, was a Swiss amateur tennis player in the 1930s and 1940s.
He was born in Geneva to a Bulgarian father, Kyril Manev Tanev (Bulgarian: Кирил Манев Танев, and French mother, Marie Purnot, from Metz. He also played high-level field hockey, ice hockey and football.
Maneff was a virtual unknown in the world of international tennis before entering the 1936 French Championships in Paris, where he reached the quarterfinals. He put up a challenge to defending champion Fred Perry, who finally defeated him in four sets. Maneff reached the fourth round in singles at the 1938 Wimbledon Championships where he was beaten by fourth-seeded Henner Henkel.
# Alut, Namshir

Alut (Persian: اَلوت, also Romanized as Ālūt) is a village in Bowalhasan Rural District, Namshir District, Baneh County, Kurdistan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 916, in 187 families. The village is populated by Kurds.
# Der Schlern

Der Schlern (full German title: Der Schlern – Zeitschrift für Südtiroler Landeskunde; English: The Schlern – Magazine for South Tyrolean Regional Studies) is a German-language monthly for the study of science, research, art and culture related to South Tyrol.
First published on 1 January 1920, it is named after the Schlern, a characteristic mountain in the Dolomites. In 1938, it was forbidden by the Italian fascist regime as part of their Italianization of South Tyrol programme, but permitted again by the allied administration in 1946.
The magazine is currently published in Bolzano by Athesia (formerly Tyrolia).
# Estonia at the 1928 Winter Olympics

Estonia competed at the Winter Olympic Games for the first time at the 1928 Winter Olympics in St. Moritz, Switzerland.
Estonia sent 2 athletes and 2 representatives to those games. Representatives were Eduard Hiiop and Johannes Villemson, however none attained a top-three spot.

## Speed skating
### Men

| Athlete | Event | Final | Final |
| Athlete | Event | Time | Rank |
| Christfried Burmeister | 500 m | 46.2 | 15 |
| Christfried Burmeister | 1500 m | 2:33.6 | 19 |
| Christfried Burmeister | 5000 m | 9:46.2 | 24 |
| Aleksander Mitt | 500 m | 47.7 | 22 |
| Aleksander Mitt | 1500 m | 2:35.0 | 20 |
| Aleksander Mitt | 5000 m | 9:35.2 | 21 |
# Kuzino, Bolshesosnovsky District, Perm Krai

Kuzino (Russian: Кузино) is a rural locality (a village) in Bolshesosnovskoye Rural Settlement, Bolshesosnovsky District, Perm Krai, Russia. The population was 119 as of 2010. There are 4 streets.

## Geography

Kuzino is located 15 km southwest of Bolshaya Sosnova (the district's administrative centre) by road. Gladky Mys is the nearest rural locality.
# Itärata

Itärata (English: East Rail) is a proposed railway line in the planning stage to provide a more direct connection between Helsinki and Kouvola, Finland than the current route via Kerava and Lahti.

## History

Plans for a railway line to run east of Helsinki to the Russian border, passing through Sipoo, Porvoo, Kotka and Hamina (known as "HELI-rata" in Finnish) were agreed in principle by Uusimaa Regional Council in 2010. The line would run through a tunnel to Pasila railway station and Helsinki Airport before following the route of the Finnish national road 7 to St Petersburg.
In 2018, a study was commissioned into the construction of a new 106 km (66 mi) rail line from Helsinki to Kouvola via Kerava and Porvoo, reducing the Helsinki to Kouvola travel time from 1 hour 18 minutes to 53 minutes. This new line would use the proposed Lentorata route between Helsinki and Kerava. With a 220 km/h (140 mph) line speed, the journey time for Helsinki-St Petersburg services could be reduced by nine minutes. A 15-minute reduction could be achieved if the infrastructure was built for 300 km/h (190 mph) operation. At a cost of €1.7 billion, it was not determined to be economically feasible by former Finnish transport minister Anne Berner, in spite of Porvoo's status as the largest Finnish municipality without a scheduled rail service; along with the significantly reduced travel times the line would bring to eastern Finnish cities including Lappeenranta, Kuopio, Joensuu and Mikkeli, which currently use the Kerava–Lahti railway line. In 2019, the government of Antti Rinne confirmed commitment to advancing proposals for this line.
On 21 January 2021, the Finnish Ministerial Committee on Economic Policy has decided to support the continuation of project company negotiations on the basis of the Lentorata-Porvoo- Kouvola policy, the Government press release states. Negotiations are ongoing with the municipalities and possibly other public entities benefiting from the railway line to establish a project company. The task of the project company would be to plan the project and finance it until it is ready for construction.
In July 2024, Itärata was accepted into the expanded Trans-European Transport Network (TEN-T). With the decision, Itärata Oy can apply for significant EU funding for the design of the railway project.

## Benefits

Itärata is said to affect the lives of 2 million Finns, almost half the Finnish population, by bringing them closer to the capital by rail. Travel times of three hours are expected between Helsinki and Kuopio, Joensuu and St Petersburg. Studies suggest that Itärata would generate a further 2.8 million rail trips annually. Porvoo, with a population of around 50,000, is the largest municipality in Finland without a scheduled railway service, and would gain a station on the new line allowing a 33-minute travel time to Helsinki.
# Chinese people in Sweden

Chinese people in Sweden (Swedish: kineser i Sverige; Chinese: 瑞典华人; pinyin: Ruìdiǎn Huárén) include people born in the People's Republic of China, or have ancestry from there. It may also include people originating from Taiwan and Hong Kong. They form a sizable community and are one of the biggest Asian groups. As of 2021, there are 37,172 mainland Chinese immigrants in Sweden.

## History

The first known documented arrival of a Chinese individual in Sweden was Choi Afock in 1786, a translator employed by the Swedish East India Company.
In the mid-1970s, Chinese people began immigrating to Sweden, where they largely made a living by running Chinese-themed restaurants.

## Demographics

25% of Sweden's reduced number of international university students after tuition fees were introduced for non-EU/EEA applicants come from China.
# Crack Movement

The Crack Movement, or literature of the Crack generation (Spanish: la generación del "crack"), describes a literary movement in Mexico that began in the mid-1990s. It was initiated by a number of young Mexican authors who broke with literary conventions in what is thought to have been a reaction to the Latin American Boom. Notable contributors include: Ignacio Padilla, Jorge Volpi, Eloy Urroz, Pedro Ángel Palou and Ricardo Chávez-Castañeda.
# Hakaniemi metro station

Hakaniemi metro station (Finnish: Hakaniemen metroasema, Swedish: Hagnäs metrostation) is a station on the Helsinki Metro. It serves the central Helsinki districts of Hakaniemi and Kallio. Both lines M1 and M2 serve Hakaniemi. There are 28 bicycle parking spaces at the station.
Opened on 1 June 1982, Hakaniemi was among the first metro stations opened in Helsinki. It was designed by Mirja Castrén, Juhani Jauhiainen, and Marja Nuuttila. It is located 900 meters from the University of Helsinki station, and 900 meters from Sörnäinen metro station. The station is situated at a depth of 23 meters below ground level and 21 meters below sea level.
* Entrance to the Hakaniemi station
* From April to June 2013, the main entrance to the Hakaniemi metro station is being renovated, cutting off all tram traffic on Hämeentie between Hakaniemi and Sörnäinen.

## In popular culture

The Hakaniemi metro station was seen in Aki Kaurismäki's film Calamari Union. Hakaniemi metro station was also featured in Bomfunk MC's music video for the hit single "Freestyler".
# Peyghambar

Peyghambar (Persian: پيغمبر, also Romanized as Peyghambar; also known as Moḩammadābād-e Peyghambar and Moḩammadābād) is a village in Manjilabad Rural District, in the Central District of Robat Karim County, Tehran Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 1,661, in 414 families.
# Shahrak-ye Yarnedak

Shahrak-ye Yarnedak (Persian: شهرك يرندك, also Romanized as Shahraḵ-ye Yarnedaḵ) is a village in Manjilabad Rural District, in the Central District of Robat Karim County, Tehran Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 885, in 248 families.
# Shahr-e Jadid-e Parand

Shahr-e Jadid-e Parand (Persian: شهرجديدپرند, also Romanized as Shahr-e Jadīd-e Parand) is a village in Manjilabad Rural District, in the Central District of Robat Karim County, Tehran Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 5,791, in 1,603 families.
# Milk (short story collection)

Milk (1983) is a collection of short stories by Australian writer Beverley Farmer. It was published by McPhee Gribble in 1983.
The collection includes 15 stories by the author from a variety of sources.

## Contents

* "Milk"
* "Melpo"
* "Sally's Birthday"
* "Saint Kay's Day"
* "At the Airport"
* "Ismini"
* "Darling Odile"
* "Gerontissa"
* "Snake"
* "Pumpkin"
* "Summer on Ice"
* "Inheritance"
* "The Captain's House"
* "Woman in a Mirror"
* "Maria's Girl"

## Dedication

* "All of us are passing through no matter where we go...." Stratis Myrivilis, The Mermaid Madonna

## Critical reception

Writing in The Canberra Times reviewer Susan McKernan noted: "Farmer is a sensual writer — she describes food, the feel of sand or ice or sex, sunsets and sunrises, with a poet's understanding. Sometimes her ability to convey sensual experience is disturbing and even nauseating — as in her description of how it feels to have cancer of the cervix."

## Publication history

After its original publication in 1983 the collection was reprinted by McPhee Gribble in 1990.

## Awards

The collection won the New South Wales Premier's Literary Awards, Christina Stead Prize for Fiction in 1984.
# Vahnabad

Vahnabad (Persian: وهن اباد) is a village in, and the capital of, Vahnabad Rural District of the Central District of Robat Karim County, Tehran province, Iran.

## Demographics
### Population

At the time of the 2006 National Census, the village's population was 1,344 in 325 households. The following census in 2011 counted 1,537 people in 424 households. The 2016 census measured the population of the village as 1,541 people in 440 households.

## Notable people

Heydar Latifiyan was one of the leading figures of the Iranian Constitutional Revolution and a supporter of the parliamentary government against the authoritarian government.
He was a resident of Vahanabad and a supporter of Hassan Modarres and fighters against the Russian invasion during World War I. Haidar was the eldest son of Latif Vahanabadi, and all the Latifiyans of this region are Latif descendants. His famous descendants is Ali Latifiyan
After World War I, the Russians advanced on Qazvin. With the fall of Tehran, the parliament lost its majority and was dissolved when, in the early year of World War I, around 1293, Russia issued an ultimatum to Iran to expel Morgan Schuster and the forces They entered Iran and came to Robat Karim and attacked the forces of the National Defense Committee, which was formed in the presence of Seyyed Hassan Modarres and his allies. "My Memoirs" writes about the first Russian military confrontation with the national forces:
The Russian army reaches the village of Kalmeh (Fajr town), which is located on the road from Robat Karim to Tehran, on one side, and the local fighters are surrounded on three sides. But everyone survives. But at dusk, the infantry of the Russian army get closer and the battle begins with the sword, and after a bloody battle, 70 people are killed. Haidar Latifian, like the rest of his comrades, was killed.
According to local legends, the Russians made it difficult to identify the bodies by cutting off the heads of the dead. He is buried in the northern side of the Imamzadeh grave.