OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Máchica

Máchica (Quechua: machka) is a type of flour made from ground toasted barley or other toasted grains. It is used in Bolivian, Ecuadorian and Peruvian cuisine.

## History

Spanish colonists brought the technique of toasting grain to enhance its nutritional value, then grinding the toasted grain into flour, from Central America to the Andean region. The Mesoamerican product, pinole, uses toasted corn, but in Ecuador the process was applied primarily to barley.

## Production

Grain is toasted, then ground finely.

## Uses

Máchica is used in a variety of foods that are part of Andean cuisine. These include chapo, an herbal tea decoction made with lemongrass, lemon verbena or other herbs; another beverage called colada de máchica made by mixing the máchica with hot or cold liquid; nogadas, a nougat confection made using panela (unrefined cane sugar), eggs, máchica and a variety of walnut called toctes; pan de máchica, a variety of bread baked using máchica in addition to untoasted flour; pinol—akin to but distinct from pinole—a beverage prepared in a manner similar to colada de máchica but which also includes ground panela and spices such as anise, cinnamon and cloves; sopa con máchica, any of a variety of savory soups or stews thickened with máchica; and torta de máchica, a cake baked with máchica. Soups to which máchica is added typically have a base of carrots, legumes, onions and potatoes, and may or may not contain meat. It is used to batter and season meat to be fried, such as pork rinds or shellfish including shrimp. Máchica is sometimes also added to hot chocolate or cold juice, and has been used to flavor ice cream. It is incorporated into stroopwafels (a cookie which originated in the Netherlands) made in Peru and filled with other Andean ingredients such as passion fruit and chicha. Some indigenous peoples use máchica to prepare cuy, a traditional meat.

## Nutritional value

One hundred grams of máchica made from barley contains 344 calories (kcal), 8.6 grams protein, 0.7 g fat, 77.4 grams carbohydrates, 6.6 g fiber, 74 mg calcium, 320 mg phosphorus, 12.3 mg iron, 0.12 mg vitamin B$_1$, 0.25 mg vitamin B$_2$, 8.7 mg niacin, and 1.9 mg vitamin C. For máchica made from wheat, 100 grams contain 347 calories, 7.9 g protein, 1.2 g fat, 79.9 g carbohydrates, 4.1 g fiber, 67 mg calcium, 0.9 mg iron, and 2.7 mg vitamin C.

## Other varieties

In Peru, the product sold as máchica is most often made of toasted corn flour. It is mixed with sugar and cinnamon in a manner similar to both Central American pinole and Ecuadorian pinol. Máchica may also refer to flour made with ground toasted wheat, a variation also found in Peru, as well as in Bolivia, where it is the most common type of máchica.
# Mayumi Oiwa

Mayumi Oiwa (大岩真由美, Ōiwa Mayumi) (born April 11, 1972, in Muroran, Hokkaidō) is a Japanese football referee.
She became a first class referee in 1999 and began officiating games in the L. League and was placed on the FIFA list of international referees in 2002.
Her first international tournament was the 2002 FIFA U-19 Women's World Championship in which she officiated two games including the third place play-off. Following her performance in the 2004 FIFA U-19 Women's World Championship, in which she refereed a Quarter final match, Oiwa was promoted to the Japan Football League.
She became the first female referee to officiate in the 84th Nationwide Highschool soccer championship conference on January 22, 2006, and then refereed the final at the 2006 AFC Women's Championship. Selected by FIFA to officiate in the 2007 FIFA Women's World Cup in China, she refereed two games and was fourth official in the Final between Germany and Brazil.
# Shasheh

Shasheh (Persian: ششه; also known as Sasheh and Shasha) is a village in Nanur Rural District, Nanur District, Baneh County, Kurdistan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 114, in 21 families. The village is populated by Kurds.
# Meydan-e Sofla

Meydan-e Sofla (Persian: ميدان سفلي, also Romanized as Meydān-e Soflá; also known as Meydān-e Pā'īn) is a village in Dizaj Rural District, in the Central District of Khoy County, West Azerbaijan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 164, in 36 families.
# Witold Modelski

Witold Stefan Modelski (11 November 1932, Warsaw – 20 September 1944, Warsaw), pseudonym "Warszawiak", was a participant of Warsaw Uprising, a liaison officer in the Gozdawa Battalion, and the youngest (not quite 12 years old) participant in the Uprising fights. He was awarded the Polish Cross of Valour.

## Life story

During the Second World War, after the Modelski family's house on Nowy Świat Street had burnt down, all the family moved to Leszno Street, where Witold had been cared for by his mother Jadwiga Maria Modelska until the Warsaw Uprising broke out.
At the beginning of August 1944, Witold Modelski joined the Parasol Battalion, a part of the Radosław Group, precisely the 4th platoon of the 1st company. When the Wola district collapsed, he transferred to The North Group, a part of the Gozdawa Battalion – Sosna section, located in Warsaw Old Town. Witold Modelski ended his martial fate on Czerniaków in the Parasol Battalion.
Modelski was uncommonly brave. On 23 August 1944, he was awarded the Cross of Valour and promoted to corporal. He died on 20 September on the Czerniaków Coast, in home on Wilanowska Street 1.
After the war, his mother, with the help of female emergency medical technicians from the Polish Red Cross, tracked down her son's body during the soldiers exhumation on the Upper Czerniaków Uprising. Under the cover of night she transported Witold on the Powązki Military Cemetery and buried him near the cemetery wall on her own. Only after several years later was his body moved into the plot reserved for soldiers and emergency medical technicians from the Parasol Battalion. The exact destination of his grave is the quarter A24-10-24.
His martial fate was described in books written by Zbigniew Wróblewski, such as Bakwiri z ulicy Leszno (English: Bakwiri from the Leszno Street) and Z jednego domu (English: From the same home), where there are numerous substantial mistakes, also including a myth that his family had allegedly fallen already in 1939.
Witold Modelski is the patron of the Little Insurrectionist Hall in Warsaw Uprising Museum.
# Rustai-ye Kermat

Rustai-ye Kermat (Persian: روستائ كرمت, also Romanized as Rūstāi-ye Kermat) is a village in Sorkh Qaleh Rural District, in the Central District of Qaleh Ganj County, Kerman Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 302, in 62 families.
# Novaya Mayna

Novaya Mayna (Russian: Новая Майна) is an urban locality (an urban-type settlement) in Melekessky District of Ulyanovsk Oblast, Russia. Population: 5,948 (2010 Census); 6,505 (2002 Census); 5,662 (1989 Soviet census).
# Flectonotus pygmaeus

Flectonotus pygmaeus (also known as: Puerto Cabello treefrog, Spanish: ranita marsupial pigmea) is a species of frog in the family Hemiphractidae. It is found on the Mérida Andes and Venezuelan Coastal Range in Venezuela and on adjacent eastern slopes of the northern Cordillera Oriental in Colombia. Its natural habitat is humid pre-montane forest. It is strongly associated with bromeliads, and can survive in degraded forest if bromeliads are present. It is threatened by deforestation, and locally, collection of bromeliads.
# Malfejan Rural District

Malfejan Rural District (Persian: دهستان مالفجان) is in the Central District of Siahkal County, Gilan province, Iran. Its capital is the village of Malfejan.

## Demographics
### Population

At the time of the 2006 National Census, the rural district's population was 6,390 in 1,893 households. There were 6,139 inhabitants in 2,008 households at the following census of 2011. The 2016 census measured the population of the rural district as 5,839 in 2,119 households. The most populous of its 38 villages was Malfejan, with 855 people.
# Fernando Lara Novel Award

The Fernando Lara Novel Award (Spanish: Premio Fernando Lara de Novela) is given annually in Spain by the José Manuel Lara Foundation and the Planeta publishing house to an unpublished novel in the Spanish language. The publication of the finalist (runner-up) work is not expected, although it is sometimes published by Planeta itself (as in the case of The Shadow of the Wind by Carlos Ruiz Zafón, finalist in 2000).
Created in 1996, it is named after the youngest son of José Manuel Lara Hernández [es], founder of the publishing house, and who was CEO of Grupo Planeta until his death in a traffic accident in August 1995.
The award's endowment is €120,200. It is delivered in May of the respective year.

## Winners

| Year | Novel | Author | Nationality | ISBN. |
| 1996 | El amargo don de la belleza | Terenci Moix | Spanish | 84-08-01899-X |
| 1997 | La forja de un ladrón | Francisco Umbral | Spanish | 84-08-02214-8 |
| 1998 | Señorita | Juan Eslava Galán | Spanish | 84-08-02823-5 |
| 1999 | La sonrisa de la Gioconda | Luis Racionero | Spanish | 84-08-03322-0 |
| 2000 | Un largo silencio | Ángeles Caso | Spanish | 84-08-07108-4 |
| 2001 | Clara y la penumbra | José Carlos Somoza | Spanish | 84-97-93961-1 |
| 2002 | Los colores de la guerra | Juan Carlos Arce [es] | Spanish | 84-08-04557-1 |
| 2003 | Lobas de mar | Zoé Valdés | Cuban | 84-08-04795-7 |
| 2004 | El último laberinto | Mercedes Salisachs | Spanish | 978-84-08-08849-3 |
| 2005 | El secreto del rey cautivo | Antonio Gómez Rufo | Spanish | 84-08-06054-6 |
| 2006 | Muertes paralelas | Fernando Sánchez Dragó | Spanish | 84-08-06716-8 |
| 2007 | El alma de la ciudad | Jesús Sánchez Adalid [es] | Spanish | 978-84-08-07295-9 |
| 2008 | El judío de Shanghai | Emilio Calderón [es] | Spanish | 978-84-08-08151-7 |
| 2009 | Esperando a Robert Capa | Susana Fortes | Spanish | 978-84-08-08725-0 |
| 2010 | Barrio cero | Javier Reverte [es] | Spanish | 978-84-08-08942-1 |
| 2011 | Contigo aprendí | Silvia Grijalba | Spanish | 978-84-08-10290-8 |
| 2012 | La berlina de Prim | Ian Gibson | Spanish | 978-84-08-00766-1 |
| 2013 | Luisa y los espejos | Marta Robles | Spanish | 978-84-08-11435-2 |
| 2014 | Canta solo para mí | Nativel Preciado | Spanish | 978-84-08-12884-7 |
| 2015 | El último paraíso | Antonio Garrido [es] | Spanish | 978-84-08-14293-5 |
| 2016 | Mi recuerdo es más fuerte que tu olvido | Paloma Sánchez-Garnica | Spanish | 978-84-08-15867-7 |
| 2017 | Después del amor todo son palabras | Sonsoles Ónega | Spanish | 978-84-08-17390-8 |
| 2018 | Canción de sangre y oro | Jorge Molist [es] | Spanish | 978-84-08-19254-1 |
| 2019 | Algún día, hoy | Ángela Becerra | Colombian | 978-84-08-21181-5 |
| 2020 | La bruma verde | Gonzalo Giner | Spanish | 978-84-08-23550-7 |
| 2021 | Hasta donde termina el mar | Alaitz Leceaga | Spanish | |
| 2022 | Adiós, pequeño | Màxim Huerta | Spanish | |
# Aleksandr Yanovsky

Aleksandr Arkadyevich Yanovsky (Russian: Александр Аркадьевич Яновский; born November 1, 1952) is a Russian professional football coach and a former player. Currently, he works as an assistant coach with FC Alania Vladikavkaz.
# One for All (2020 film)

One for All (Spanish: Uno para todos) is a 2020 Spanish drama film directed by David Ilundain [ca] which stars David Verdaguer alongside Patricia López Arnaiz, Ana Labordeta, and Clara Segura.

## Plot

The plot follows Aleix, a Catalan interim school teacher doing a substitution in an Aragonese village. He has to deal with the bullying exercised by his new class on one of the students (Carlos) who was sick upon Aleix's arrival and nobody wants him back.

## Cast

* David Verdaguer as Aleix
* Patricia López Arnaiz as Ana
* Ana Labordeta [es] as Carmen
* Clara Segura as Clara
* Betsy Túrnez as Marta
* Néstor Romero as Carlos
* Vega Vallés as Selua

## Production

The screenplay was penned by Valentina Viso and Coral Cruz. The film is an Inicia Films, Fasten Films, A Contracorriente Films, Bolo Audiovisual, Uno para todos AIE and Amalur AIE production. It had participation of TVE, TVC, Movistar+, Rakuten Cinema, and Aragón TV. Shooting began on 1 July 2019. Shooting locations included Arenys de Munt (Catalonia) and Caspe (Aragon).

## Release

The film had its world premiere at the Miami Film Festival in March 2020 rather than the intended Málaga Film Festival premiere, owing to the cancellation (eventually postponement) of the latter in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic. It also screened as the opening film in the 4th BCN Film Fest. Distributed by A Contracorriente Films, it was theatrically released in Spain on 18 September 2020.

## Reception

Andrea G. Bermejo of Cinemanía rated the film 4 out 5 stars, deeming it to be a "magnificent film" for several reasons, including "a great script that vindicates the power of education"
Alberto Bermejo of El Mundo also scored 4 out of 5 stars praising "the originality of the writing and the sense of authenticity given off by the images and the behavior of the protagonists".
Jordi Batlle Caminal of Fotogramas rated it 3 out of 5 stars, highlighting Verdaguer's "credible and close" performance while citing the accumulation of clichés from the educational film genre as a negative point.

## Accolades

| Year | Award | Category | Nominee(s) | Result |
| 2021 | 26th Forqué Awards | Best Actor | David Verdaguer | Nominated |
| 2021 | 26th Forqué Awards | Cinema and Education in Values | Cinema and Education in Values | Won |
| 2021 | 8th Feroz Awards | Best Actor | David Verdaguer | Nominated |
| 2021 | 35th Goya Awards | Best Actor | David Verdaguer | Nominated |
| 2021 | 13th Gaudí Awards | Best Actor | David Verdaguer | Nominated |
| 2021 | 13th Gaudí Awards | Best Cinematography | Bet Rourich | Nominated |
# Peter Depp

Peter Depp (born July 26, 1981) is an American stand-up comedian, gay rights activist, anti-bullying activist, writer, and actor best known for his role in Sundance Channel’s GLAAD-nominated and acclaimed hit show Girls Who Like Boys Who Like Boys. He’s also known for his Huffington Post article, “Being A Gay Dad.”

## Early life

Depp was born July 26, 1981, in Glen Cove, New York, to Sheryl and Gary Depp, a New York Police officer. He has one sister named Stephanie. As a child, he struggled with his sexuality.

## Career

In March 1, 2012, Peter and his best friend were featured in Nashville Scene as 2012's Power Couple for the 2012 People Issue.
# Malham Dar

Malham Dar (Persian: ملحمدر, also Romanized as Malḩam Dar) is a village in Hendudur Rural District, Sarband District, Shazand County, Markazi Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 79, in 17 families.
# Mitkin, Kumylzhensky District, Volgograd Oblast

Mitkin (Russian: Митькин) is a rural locality (a khutor) in Bukanovskoye Rural Settlement, Kumylzhensky District, Volgograd Oblast, Russia. The population was 20 as of 2010.

## Geography

Mitkin is located in forest steppe, on Khopyorsko-Buzulukskaya Plain, on the Rastverdyayevka River, 48 km southwest of Kumylzhenskaya (the district's administrative centre) by road. Andreyanovsky is the nearest rural locality.
# Qeshlaq-e Luleh Darreh Hajj Meyn Bashi-ye Olya

Qeshlaq-e Luleh Darreh Hajj Meyn Bashi-ye Olya (Persian: قشلاق لوله دره حاج مين باشي عليا, also Romanized as Qeshlāq-e Lūleh Darreh Ḩājj Meyn Bāshī-ye ‘Olyā) is a village in Abish Ahmad Rural District, Abish Ahmad District, Kaleybar County, East Azerbaijan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 27, in 6 families.
# Andalusian barbel

The Andalusian barbel (Luciobarbus sclateri), also called gypsy barbel (which is a direct translation of Spanish: Barbo gitano), is a freshwater fish species in the family Cyprinidae. It is here placed in Luciobarbus following the IUCN, but that genus is very closely related to the other typical barbels and perhaps better considered a mere subgenus of Barbus. The Andalusian barbel was formerly included in L. bocagei as a subspecies.
L. sclateri is endemic to the southern part Iberian Peninsula, where it occurs in both Portugal and Spain. It inhabits the middle and lower parts of rivers, between the Segura's and the Mira Rivers' drainage basins. It is not very particular as regards its habitat choice, and will use anything except small cool torrential mountain streams. They spawn at the beginning of summer, between May and June. The males reach sexual maturity at 2 to 4 years of age and around 8 cm (3.1 in), while females only reach maturity in their sixth or seventh year and at 11 to 16 cm (4.3 to 6.3 in) in length. They grow to a maximum length of about 50 cm (20 in). It is a long-lived species, with a maximum age of 18 years having been recorded.
The Andalusian barbel is quite abundant and not considered a threatened species by the IUCN, though locally populations may be extirpated during summer droughts which isolate and dry up small creeks it inhabits. Habitat fragmentation, which is already affecting the species, is exacerbated by this.

## Footnotes

* 1 2 3 4 Freyhof, J. & Kottelat, M. (2008). "Luciobarbus sclateri". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2008: e.T2589A9459334. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2008.RLTS.T2589A9459334.en. Retrieved 17 November 2021.
* ↑ de Graaf et al. (2007), Almodóvar et al. (2008)
# Dag Schjelderup-Ebbe

Dag Schjelderup-Ebbe (10 December 1926 – 1 February 2013) was a Norwegian musicologist, composer, music critic and biographer. He was a lecturer at the University of Oslo for thirty years, from 1973 with the title of professor. His research mainly centered on the Norwegian composer Edvard Grieg.

## Life and career

Schjelderup-Ebbe was born in Oslo as the son of zoologist Thorleif Schjelderup-Ebbe and Torbjørg Brekke.
He graduated in musicology from the University of California, Berkeley in 1950, and started teaching at the University of Oslo the same year. In 1953 he published the work A Study of Grieg's Harmony, and in 1964 the work Edvard Grieg 1858–1867, which was also the basis for his doctorate thesis. In addition to his university assignment he also worked as a music critic for the newspaper Vårt Land from 1957 to 1963, and for Verdens Gang from 1963 to 1973. He was appointed professor at the University of Oslo from 1973 to 1980. He co-wrote the biography Edvard Grieg – mennesket og kunstneren in 1980, together with Finn Benestad. This book was translated into English in 1988 (English title Edvard Grieg. The Man and the Artist). It has also been translated into German and Russian language.
From 1970 to 1980 he chaired the committee responsible for the twenty volumes of Grieg's Collected Works (German: Edvard Grieg Gesamtausgabe), and also edited the first four volumes of the series, which covered Grieg's piano concertos. In 1990 Schjelderup-Ebbe co-wrote a biographical book on composer Johan Svendsen, Johan Svendsen – mennesket og kunstneren (English: Johan Svendsen - The Man and the Artist). Schjelderup-Ebbe's compositions include several pieces for piano, orchestral works and song.
He was a fellow of the Norwegian Academy of Science and Letters from 1990, received honorary degrees at St. Olaf College in 1993 and the University of Münster in 1994. He was decorated Knight, First Class of the Order of St. Olav in 2001. He died in February 2013.
# Flugschule Wings Alfa

The Flugschule Wings Alfa (English: Wings Flying School Alpha) is an Austrian high-wing, single-place, hang glider that was designed and produced by Flugschule Wings, a flying school based in Spital am Pyhrn.

## Design and development

The Alpha was developed by Flugschule Wings as a training glider for their own use and also for sale. The resulting design is a simple, single surface wing that was DHV certified in the "1-2" classification. The aircraft was available in 2003, but now appears to be out of production.
The aircraft is made from aluminum tubing, with the single surface wing covered in Dacron sailcloth. Its 9.8 m (32.2 ft) span wing is cable braced and has an aspect ratio of 6.0:1. The rated pilot hook-in weight is 60 to 95 kg (132 to 209 lb).
The Alfa is also certified for powered harnesses to allow it to fly as a powered hang glider.

## Specifications (Alfa)

Data from Bertrand
General characteristics
* Crew: one
* Wingspan: 9.8 m (32 ft 2 in)
* Wing area: 15.8 m$^2$ (170 sq ft)
* Aspect ratio: 6.0:1
# Homogenization (biology)

Homogenization, in cell biology or molecular biology, is a process whereby different fractions of a biological sample become equal in composition. It can be a disease sign in histopathology, or an intentional process in research: A homogenized sample is equal in composition throughout, so that removing a fraction does not alter the overall molecular make-up of the sample remaining, and is identical to the fraction removed. Induced homogenization in biology is often followed by molecular extraction and various analytical techniques, including ELISA and western blot.

## Methods

Homogenization of tissue in solution is often performed simultaneously with cell lysis. To prevent lysis however, the tissue (or collection of cells, e.g. from cell culture) can be kept at temperatures slightly above zero to prevent autolysis, and in an isotonic solution to prevent osmotic damage.
If freezing the tissue is possible, cryohomogenization can be performed under "dry" conditions, and is often the method of choice whenever it is desirable to collect several distinct molecular classes (e.g. both protein and RNA) from a single sample, or combined set of samples, or when long-term storage of part of the sample is desired. Cryohomogenization can be carried out using a supercooled mortar and pestle (classic approach), or the tissue can be homogenized by crushing it into a fine powder inside a clean plastic bag resting against a supercooled solid metal block (more recently developed and more efficient technique).
High-pressure homogenization is used to isolate the contents of Gram-positive bacteria, since these cells are exceptionally resistant to lysis, and may be combined with high-temperature sterilization.
Dounce homogenization is a technique suitable for soft mammalian tissues, while lysis of mammalian cells has also been demonstrated via centrifugation.
# Liberal League (Finland)

Liberal League (Finnish: Vapaamielisten liitto, VL; Swedish: De Frisinnades Förbund) was a Finnish liberal political party. VL existed from 1951 until 1965.
The party was founded in spring 1951 by the minority of National Progressive Party, led by Helsinki group, as the party finished its existence. Most of the former Progressive party members joined the People's Party of Finland.
VL included among others MP Rolf B. Berner, minister Teuvo Aura and the director of the Bank of Finland and once PM, Sakari Tuomioja. VL was heir to National Progressive Party seat in the Liberal International – People's Party was not accepted into the International as a result.
VL proposed Sakari Tuomioja as candidate for 1956 presidential elections. He was also supported by National Coalition Party. Tuomioja eventually lost the race to Urho Kekkonen, the Agrarian League candidate and a favourite of Moscow.
In 1965, the VL merged with the People's Party into Liberal People's Party, which was founded December 29, 1965; the Eduskunta factions also merged.

## Elections

Results :
| Parliamentary ||||
| Year | MPs | Votes | Votes |
| 1951 | 0 | 4,936 | 0.27% |
| 1954 | 0 | 6,810 | 0.34% |
| 1958 | 0 | 6,242 | 0.32% |
| 1962 | 1 | 12,000 | 0.52% |
| Presidential ||||
| Vuosi | Candidate / Electors | Äänet | Äänet |
| 1956 | Sakari Tuomioja / 3 | 32,662 | 1.7% |
| 1962 | 1 | 7,898 | 0.4% |
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