OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Caliraja stellulata

Caliraja stellulata, commonly known as the Pacific starry skate, rock skate, prickly skate, or starry skate, is a species of cartilaginous fish in the family Rajidae. It is found on rocky bottoms at 18–982 m depths (typically 70–150 m) in the Northeast and Eastern Central Pacific, from Coronado Bank in northern Baja California in Mexico to Barkley Sound in British Columbia, Canada. Females reach a maximum total length of 76.1 cm and a maximum age of 15 years, while males can be up to 71.7 cm long and live up to 14 years; the total length at birth is 15.5–22.5 cm. This skate prefers cold water with a temperature of 4.1–11.6°C (average 8.9°C).

## Description

Caliraja stellulata skates have a row of strong spines along their mid-dorsal lines. They also have large spines on their shoulder girdles. A row of small spines is located on the inner edge of the orbit. Clusters of moderate spines are also located along the edge of the pectoral fin. Starry skate males also have a large spine. The dorsal and caudal fins are small; the anal fin is absent. The pectoral fins are broad and attached to the snout and incorporated with the body. Pelvic fins are large and deeply notched. Starry skates have a horizontal, fleshy ridge from either side of the ventral surface to the tail; this is more prominent in the posterior. R. stellulata is a grayish brown color with numerous dark spots of various sizes scattered on its body with a weakly marked eye spots that is often present at the base of the pectoral fins.

## Habitat

Starry skates are known to live on hard substrate near rocky reefs. They can also be found on soft sediment, but they are more commonly found on rocky surfaces. They are found at depths of 18–982 m. Within these depths, they are most commonly found in depths of 70-150 m.

## Reproduction and lifecycle

The starry skate is oviparous, with a generation length of 8–12 years. The egg cases of the starry skate are striated and have long, robust horns. C. stellulata can reproduce year round and does not have a distinct cycle. Its size at birth is 15.5-22.5 cm total length. The young tend to follow large objects, which may be their mother. First maturity in females is 47.4 cm length and 9 years of age. At 100% maturity, females reach a length of 69.2 cm and are 15 years old. First maturity for males is 46.0 cm long and 6 years old. Males are 65.8 cm and 13 years old when they reach 100% maturity.

## Distribution

Caliraja stellulata can be found from the Bering Sea to Northern Baja California. The Berring Sea population may be a different species. In this case, the northernmost location of C. stellulata would be the Karkley Sound in British Columbia.

## Etymology

The species name, stellulata, is derived from the Latin word stellular, meaning small star.
# Hamzehlu-ye Olya

Hamzehlu-ye Olya (Persian: حمزه لوعليا, also Romanized as Ḩamzehlū-ye ‘Olyā; also known as Ḩamzeh ‘Alī Bālā, Ḩamzeh ‘Alī-ye Bālā, and Ḩamzehlū-ye Bālā) is a village in Kamazan-e Vosta Rural District, Zand District, Malayer County, Hamadan Province, Iran. According to the 2006 census, its population is 183, with a total of 42 families living in the village.
# Paolo Ceccon

Paolo Ceccon (born 13 September 1996) is an Italian slalom canoeist who has competed at the international level since 2011.
He won three bronze medals at the ICF Canoe Slalom World Championships, one in the C1 event (2023) and two in the C1 team event (2022 and 2023).
# Piz Scerscen

Piz Scerscen (Romansh, Italian: Monte Scerscen, formerly Monte Rosso di Scerscen), culminating at 3,970 m above sea level, is one of the highest peaks in the Bernina Range, straddling the border between Switzerland and Italy. It is a satellite peak of Piz Bernina, joining it by its north-east ridge via a 3,882 m pass. Its name means 'the circular mountain' ('Scerscen' is pronounced cherchen).
The mountain has a prominent secondary summit called the Schneehaube (3,875 m).
The first ascent of Piz Scerscen was by Paul Güssfeldt, Hans Grass and Caspar Capat on 13 September 1877 via the north-west spur, descending the same way. This is the well-known Eisnase route, involving a 100-metre ice pitch of between 60 and 70°, although its precise length and steepness are debated. This was the route followed by Walter Risch on the first solo ascent of the mountain in 1924. The first ascent of the north-west face was by Christian Klucker and L. Norman-Neruda on 9 July 1890.
# Shaun the Sheep (video game)

Shaun the Sheep is an adventure game developed by Art Co., Ltd and published by D3Publisher's America and Europe branches for the Nintendo DS handheld console. The game is based on the popular Aardman Animations series of the same name and was released on September 23, 2008 in the United States. In the game, Shaun must find and rescue the sheep before the farmer gets home.

## Gameplay

Shaun is controlled by the control pad or the stylus while walking, exploring or solving problems in a fully 3D area with 3D characters around. While most sheep are not difficult to find, some sheep, like Timmy or Shirley, require a minigame to be started in order to be rescued. Every time enough achievements are reached, new areas are unlocked to find more sheep.

## Plot

The sheep have escaped and Shaun must find the rest of the flock before the Farmer comes home. Gamers play as Shaun and interact with characters such as Shirley, Timmy, Bitzer and more as they adventure through their scenes and explore areas from the series like the junk pile, the sheep pool and the circus tent. Players utilize the DS touchscreen and microphone as they experience three different gameplay modes: Story Mode, Mini-game Mode and Collection Mode and maneuver around obstacles, access hidden areas, and try their hand at eight unlockable mini-games and eight collectible slide puzzles. Five "micro" games offer players more interactivity and depth by showcasing memorable moments from the show such as saving Timmy from the circus high wire or making a ball of wool to distract Pidsley the cat.

## Reception

The game received mixed reviews. IGN called it a fun point-and-click adventure, noting that fans of the animated show will enjoy it, but also said that the game should have more depth and more mini-games.
Aggregate score :
| Aggregator | Score |
| Metacritic | 53/100 |
# Langmuir–Taylor detector

A Langmuir–Taylor detector, also called surface ionization detector or hot wire detector, is a kind of ionization detector used in mass spectrometry, developed by John Taylor based on the work of Irving Langmuir and K. H. Kingdon.

## Construction

This detector usually consists of a heated thin filament or ribbon of a metal with a high work function (typically tungsten or rhenium). Neutral atoms or molecules that strike the filament can boil off as positive ions in a process known as surface ionization, and these may be either measured as a current or detected, individually, using an electron multiplier and particle counting electronics.

## Applications

This detector is mostly used with alkali atoms, having a low ionization potential, with applications in mass spectrometry and atomic clocks.
# Ismail Molla

Ismail Molla Rodoplou (Greek: Ισμαήλ Μολά Ροδοπλού Ismaíl Molá Rodoploú, 1938 – 2 September 2020) was a Greek politician who served as an MP.
He was born in Komotini in 1938, the son of Hussein.
He died after suffering a stroke on 2 September 2020.
# Pristen, Pristensky District, Kursk Oblast

Pristen (Russian: Пристень) is an urban locality (an urban-type settlement) in Pristensky District of Kursk Oblast, Russia. Population: 4,912 (2021 Census); 5,297 (2010 Census); 5,590 (2002 Census); 5,696 (1989 Soviet census).
# 1898–99 Scottish Division One

The 1898–99 Scottish Division One season was won by Rangers by ten points over nearest rival Heart of Midlothian. Rangers won all 18 of their league matches.

## League table

| Pos | Team | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | Pts | Qualification or relegation |
| 1 | Rangers (C) | 18 | 18 | 0 | 0 | 79 | 18 | +61 | 36 | Champions |
| 2 | Heart of Midlothian | 18 | 12 | 2 | 4 | 56 | 30 | +26 | 26 | |
| 3 | Celtic | 18 | 11 | 2 | 5 | 51 | 33 | +18 | 24 | |
| 4 | Hibernian | 18 | 10 | 3 | 5 | 42 | 43 | −1 | 23 | |
| 5 | St Mirren | 18 | 8 | 4 | 6 | 46 | 32 | +14 | 20 | |
| 6 | Third Lanark | 18 | 7 | 3 | 8 | 33 | 38 | −5 | 17 | |
| 7 | Clyde | 18 | 4 | 4 | 10 | 23 | 48 | −25 | 12 | |
| 7 | St Bernard's | 18 | 4 | 4 | 10 | 30 | 37 | −7 | 12 | |
| 9 | Partick Thistle (R) | 18 | 2 | 2 | 14 | 19 | 58 | −39 | 6 | Relegated to the 1899–1900 Scottish Division Two |
| 10 | Dundee | 18 | 1 | 2 | 15 | 23 | 65 | −42 | 4 | |

## Results

| Home \ Away | CEL | CLY | DND | HOM | HIB | PAR | RAN | STB | STM | THI |
| Celtic | | 9–2 | 4–1 | 3–2 | 1–2 | 4–0 | 0–4 | 1–0 | 4–1 | 2–1 |
| Clyde | 0–0 | | 1–0 | 3–3 | 2–2 | 3–1 | 0–3 | 1–2 | 0–1 | 2–3 |
| Dundee | 1–4 | 1–3 | | 2–5 | 2–4 | 5–1 | 1–2 | 1–1 | 1–7 | 1–3 |
| Heart of Midlothian | 2–2 | 4–0 | 6–3 | | 4–0 | 5–1 | 2–3 | 3–1 | 4–2 | 2–1 |
| Hibernian | 2–1 | 2–1 | 5–0 | 1–5 | | 1–1 | 3–4 | 4–3 | 4–3 | 1–1 |
| Partick Thistle | 3–8 | 0–1 | 2–0 | 0–1 | 1–4 | | 0–5 | 0–3 | 1–4 | 1–3 |
| Rangers | 4–1 | 8–0 | 7–0 | 3–1 | 10–1 | 6–2 | | 5–2 | 3–2 | 4–1 |
| St Bernard's | 2–3 | 4–1 | 2–2 | 1–3 | 1–3 | 2–3 | 0–2 | | 0–0 | 4–2 |
| St Mirren | 4–0 | 2–2 | 5–1 | 2–3 | 2–0 | 2–2 | 1–3 | 2–1 | | 4–1 |
| Third Lanark | 2–4 | 3–1 | 3–1 | 2–1 | 1–4 | 1–0 | 2–3 | 1–1 | 2–2 | |
# Evgeny Paton

Professor Yevhen Oksarovych Paton (Ukrainian: Євген Оксарович Патон; 5 March 1870 – 12 August 1953), also known as Evgeny Oskarovich Paton (Russian: Евгений Оскарович Патон), was a Ukrainian engineer of the Russian Empire and Soviet Union who established in 1934 the E. O. Paton Electric Welding Institute in Kyiv. Paton was a people's deputy of the Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union (1946–1953). He was the father of Borys Paton.

## Early career

Born in 1870 in Nice, France, he studied at the Dresden Technical University (graduated in 1894), and at the Petersburg Institute of Railway Roads (graduated in 1896). He designed the structure of the train station in Dresden and was a lecturer at the Moscow Engineering College of Railway Roads (1889–1904). Paton was a professor at Kyiv Polytechnic Institute and the Chairman of the Bridge Department from 1904 to 1938. In 1929 he organized a welding laboratory and the Electric Welding Committee. In 1934 Paton founded the Electric Welding Institute of the Academy of Sciences of the Ukrainian SSR in Kyiv. His idea of all-welding received support by the then-head of the Ukrainian Communist Party, Nikita Khrushchev. From 1945 to 1952 he was a Vice-President of the Academy of Sciences of the Ukrainian SSR.

## Welding research

Paton was a pioneer researcher of joining and welding technology. To make welding a reliable technological process, it was necessary to conduct comprehensive research regarding the mechanics of welded structures, the metallurgical processes involved, and the physics of the arc, as well as to develop welding equipment, tools, and techniques.
Paton created methods used in the design of rational bridge spans, investigated the conditions of their operation, and suggested methods for restoring damaged bridges. He researched the fundamentals of welding, how to calculate the strength of welded structures and the mechanization of welding processes. He supervised the development of automatic submerged arc welding. During World War II Paton supervised the design and production of equipment and technology for automated welding of special steels for tanks, bombs, and other military hardware.
Paton supervised the wide implementation of welding in industry, including the design and production of assembly-line welding systems. He designed welded bridges and founded a domestic school of metal welding. Paton was awarded almost all of the highest Soviet government and scientific awards and prizes and received the title of the Hero of Socialist Labour.
# M12 highway (Russia)

The Federal Motorway М12 "Vostok" (Russian: Скоростная федеральная автомобильная дорога М12 «Восток»), is a highway under construction in the European part of Russia, running between the M7 and M5 highways, serving from the federal city of Moscow to Tyumen. Its construction will be finished by 2027 and will cost around 612 billion rubles. On 23 May 2020, it became known that according to the latest plans, it is planned to speed up the construction of the highway and hand it over in 2024. The M12's total length will be 1600 km.

## History

On 10 July 2020, Russian Prime Minister Mikhail Mishustin said at a meeting on the construction of the Western Europe – Western China Highway in Yelabuga that the government of Russia had determined the terms of tender procedures and the amount of funding for the construction of the Moscow–Kazan motorway.
On July 27, tenders were announced for the construction of 729 km of the motorway.
On 8 September 2022, the first section (21 km long) was opened for traffic, connecting the Central Ring Road (ЦКАД) and the Moscow Big Ring.
The implemention of nickname "Vostok" has de facto tentatively placed at some construction places of M12, in 1 October 2023, Russian Federal Government decided to officially name the M12 highway as Vostok highway, replaced A375's same nickname.
# Cacoethes

Cacoethes (Latin: cacoēthes, lit. 'mania; disease') may refer to:
* Cacoethes (horse) (1986–2009), American-bred British-trained race horse
* Cacoethes (moth), a genus of tiger moths, taxonomic synonym for Amata
* Rheinhold Cacoethes, a fictional character in The Dharma Bums by Jack Kerouac, based on Kenneth Rexroth
# Makovce

Makovce (Hungarian: Mákos; Rusyn: Маківцї) is a village and municipality in Stropkov District in the Prešov Region of north-eastern Slovakia.

## History

In historical records the village was first mentioned in 1408.

## Geography

The municipality lies at an altitude of 258 metres and covers an area of 4.568 km². It has a population of about 186 people.
# Regional State Archives in Oslo

The Regional State Archives in Oslo (Norwegian: Statsarkivet i Oslo) is a regional state archives situated at Sognsvann in Oslo, Norway. Part of the National Archival Services of Norway, it is responsible for archiving documents from state institutions in the counties of Akershus, Oslo and Østfold. The facility is jointly located with the National Archives of Norway. The collection includes 19.2 shelf-kilometers of material.
The agency was created in 1914 as the Regional State Archives in Kristiania, and initially covered all of Eastern Norway and Agder. From 13 July 1917 the newly created Regional State Archives in Hamar took over documents from Oppland and Hedmark. The current name was adopted in 1924. With the opening of the Regional State Archives in Kristiansand in 1934, documents from Agder was moved there. The final demerger took place in 1994, when the Regional State Archives in Kongsberg took over documents from Buskerud, Telemark and Vestfold.
# Lotarev D-136

The Lotarev D-136 is a turboshaft engine from the ZMKB Progress Design Bureau. The engine powers the Mil Mi-26 "Halo" helicopter. Development of the engine had begun in about 1972.. The D-136 first flew on a production Mi-26 helicopter in 1980.

## Design

The core of the engine is identical to the Lotarev D-36 turbofan from which the D-136 is derived.

## Applications

* Mil Mi-26

## Specifications

Data from Mil's heavylift helicopters, pages 90-91

#### General characteristics

* Type: 3-spool turboshaft
* Length: 3,964 mm (13 ft 0 in)
* Width: 1,670 mm (5 ft 6 in)
* Height: 1,160 mm (3 ft 10 in)
* Diameter:
* Dry weight: 1,050 kg (2,315 lb)

#### Components

* Compressor: 7-stage subsonic high-pressure (HP) compressor, 6-stage transonic low-pressure (LP) compressor
* Combustors: Annular combustion chamber, 24 fuel nozzles, 2 igniters
* Turbine: 1-stage HP turbine @ 14,170 rpm, 1-stage LP turbine @ 10,950 rpm, 2-stage free-power turbine @ 8,300 rpm (±300 rpm)

#### Performance

* Maximum power output: Takeoff: 10,000 equivalent shp (7,500 kW); Contingency: 11,400 equivalent shp (8,500 kW); Sustained: 8,500 equivalent shp (6,338 kW)
* Overall pressure ratio: 18.3
* Air mass flow: 36 kg/s (79 lb/s)
* Turbine inlet temperature: Takeoff: 1,478 K (2,660 °R; 1,205 °C; 2,201 °F); Maximum: 1,516 K (2,729 °R; 1,243 °C; 2,269 °F)
* Specific fuel consumption: Takeoff: 0.198 kg/(hp⋅h) (0.265 kg/kWh; 0.436 lb/(hp⋅h)); Cruise: 0.206 kg/(hp⋅h) (0.276 kg/kWh; 0.454 lb/(hp⋅h))
* Power-to-weight ratio: 4.93 shp/lb (8.1 kW/kg)
# Alpu Dam

Alpu Dam (Turkish: Alpu Barajı) is a dam in Tokat Province, Turkey, built between 1998 and 2002. It crosses Alpu Creek, and has an irrigation area of 319 ha.
# George Enescu House

The Memorial House of George Enescu also known as Vila Luminiș is a Historic Monument located in Sinaia, Romania. The building was the home of Romanian composer George Enescu from 1926 until his emigration to Paris in 1946.

## History

The mansion was built between 1923 and 1926 in the Romanian revival architectural style and was designed by architect Radu Dudescu. The famous Romanian composer George Enescu lived and composed here from 1926 until he emigrated to Paris in 1946. Through an act of donation, he inherited the villa to the Romanian state to serve as a rest home for people of culture and art.
In this house, Enescu composed the Romanian Rhapsodies, quartet no. 1 for piano, violin sonatas, viola and cello no. 1 in D Major and part of the opera Oedipus. The composer's piano, an "Ibach" made in France in Lausanne, is still kept in the saloon.
Enescu's memorial house museum hosted in this villa was opened in September 1995, following the efforts of another master of the violin, Yehudi Menuhin, who was considered the best student of Enescu. It had been renovated and consolidated in the early 1990s, based on a project financially supported by the National Ministry of Culture and the European Cultural Center in Sinaia. Starting in 2007, it became a section of the "George Enescu" National Museum in Bucharest.
A marble bust of the George Enescu made by Romanian sculptor Ion Irimescu was placed at the entrance to the villa. The property is featured in the List of historical monuments in Prahova county at position number 789, at address "Aleea Menuhin Yehudi no. 2", Sinaia, with LMI code PH-II-m-A-16695.
# Joss Williams

Joss Williams was a special effects supervisor.
On January 24, 2012, he won an Oscar for the film Hugo. He shared his win with Ben Grossmann, Alex Henning and Robert Legato.
During the In Memoriam presentation at the 92nd Academy Awards in 2020, Williams was listed amongst those being paid tribute to, revealing his death.
# Hurn

Hurn is a village and civil parish in the Bournemouth, Christchurch and Poole district of Dorset, England. It is situated between the River Stour and River Avon 3 miles (5 km) north-west of Christchurch and 5 miles (8 km) north-east of Bournemouth town centre. In 2001, the village had a population of 468.
Hurn is the location of Bournemouth Airport (originally RAF Station Hurn), an important airfield dating to the Second World War. The village was served by Hurn railway station from 1863 to 1935, and the station building and platform are extant. They are now used as the Avon Causeway Hotel.
Hurn is listed in the Domesday Book as "Herne" (in the Egheiete Hundred of Hantescire), and was later known in the 13th century as Hyrne and in the 14th century as Hurne. The name is derived from the old English "hyrne", which means a disused part of a field or the land sectioned by an oxbow lake.
Hurn Court is a Grade II listed manor house, formerly home to the Earls of Malmesbury.

## Governance and politics

Hurn is part of the Christchurch parliamentary constituency for elections to the House of Commons. It is currently represented by Conservative MP Christopher Chope.
Hurn is in the Bournemouth, Christchurch and Poole unitary authority. For elections to the council, it is part of Commons electoral ward.
Historically, Hurn was in Hampshire until 1974. From 1894 to 1932 it was in Christchurch Rural District, and from 1932 to 1974 it was in Ringwood and Fordingbridge Rural District. From 1974 to 2019, it was part of Christchurch Borough in the two-tier non-metropolitan county of Dorset, administered at the higher tier by Dorset County Council.
# Pleskivtsi

Pleskivtsi (Ukrainian: Плесківці) is a village in Ternopil Raion, Ternopil Oblast (province) of western Ukraine. It belongs to Ternopil urban hromada, one of the hromadas of Ukraine.

## History

The first written mention is in 1583.
Ternopil Oblast Council by a decision of September 8, 2006 in Zboriv Raion restored the village of Pleskivtsi, previously united with the village of Chernykhiv.
There is a church of St. Dymytriy of the UGCC (1991).
Until 18 July 2020, Pleskivtsi belonged to Zboriv Raion. The raion was abolished in July 2020 as part of the administrative reform of Ukraine, which reduced the number of raions of Ternopil Oblast to three. The area of Zboriv Raion was merged into Ternopil Raion.

## Population

* Population in 1890: 510 inhabitants.
* Population in 1931: 560 inhabitants with over 116 houses.
* Population in 2007: 156 inhabitants.
* Population in 2014: 140 inhabitants with over 80 houses.
They were born in Pleskivtsi:
* teacher Maria Artemiak (b. 1961),
* leader of the group "Homin nad Seretom" Yuriy Artemiak (b. 1961),
* OUN member, public and political figure in Denmark Petro Balytskyi-Kuzma (b. 1923),
* dentist Semen Kochiy (1897–1990),
* Honored Worker of Culture of Ukraine Oksana Kochiy (b. 1941),
* teacher Iryna Lanovyk (Yarema; b. 1935),
* lawyer Yosyp Stotskyi (1907-1942),
* doctor Vasyl Snihur (born in 1934),
* teacher Bohdan Tataryn (b. 1943),
* teacher Olha Teshlia (b. 1965),
* public figure, local historian, writer Havrylo Chernykhivskyi (1936–2011),
* historian Dmytro Chernykhivskyi (b. 1929),
* musician Andriy Shelikhevych (b. 1954).
# Çeltik

Çeltik (Turkish: çeltik, "paddy, rice in a husk") is a municipality and district of Konya Province, Turkey. Its area is 640 km$^2$, and its population is 9,429 (2022). Its elevation is 868 m (2,848 ft).

## Composition

There are 14 neighbourhoods in Çeltik District:
* Adakasım
* Bahçelievler
* Bahçesaray
* Doğanyurt
* Fatih
* Gökpınar
* Honamlı
* İshakuşağı
* Karşıyaka
* Kaşören
* Küçükhasan
* Selçuk
* Torunlar
* Yukarı Aliçomak
# Oronzio De Nora

Oronzio De Nora (March 19, 1899 – June 11, 1995) was an Italian engineer and entrepreneur, founder of Industrie De Nora and inventor of the Amuchina disinfectant.

## Biography

Born to Michele De Nora, a civil engineer specialized in railways and responsible for the aqueduct in Altamura, and Elvira Colonna, he was the older brother of Vittorio, who also became an engineer.
After studying in his hometown, he moved to Milan. At a young age, he participated in World War I and was decorated with a War Cross on June 2, 1974.
In 1922, he graduated in electrical engineering from the Polytechnic University of Milan. His thesis focused on the electrolysis of alkali chlorides, the sector in which he made a name for himself worldwide. He opened a laboratory near Milano Centrale railway station, and in 1923, he founded Industrie De Nora, becoming a pioneer in the construction of plants for the production of chlorine and caustic soda.
In 1923, he patented Amuchina in Germany, a powerful antibacterial agent obtained from water diluted sodium hypochlorite.
From 1961 to 1969, he was at the helm of ASA, which developed the ASA 1000 GT, designed by Ferrari engineers in the late 1950s.
In 2021, a street in the Ortica district of Milan was named Via Oronzio De Nora in honor of De Nora's scientific contributions.

## Personal life

He was married to Linda Tagliatella and was the father of a son, Niccolò. His is the uncle of Matteo de Nora.