OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Duke of Victoria de las Amezcoas

Duke of Victoria de las Amezcoas (Spanish: Duque de la Victoria de las Amezcoas) is a hereditary title in the Peerage of Spain, accompanied by the dignity of Grandee and granted posthumously in 1836 by carlist pretender to the throne Infante Carlos as Charles V to Tomás de Zumalacárregui, captain general of the Carlist army, along with the Countship of Zumalacárregui.
The title makes reference to the military victories of Zumalacárregui, particularly in the Amezcoas region of Navarre. Although it was originally granted as "Duke of la Victoria" (duque de la Victoria), Francisco Franco added the suffix "de las Amezcoas" in 1955 to distinguish it from the existing Dukedom of la Victoria, which had been granted in 1839 by Isabella II to Zumalacárregui's enemy, Baldomero Espartero.

## Dukes of la Victoria de las Amezcoas
### 1836

* Tomás de Zumalacárregui e Imaz, 1st Duke of Victoria de las Amezcoas

### 1955

* José Manuel de Oraá y Mendía, 2nd Duke of Victoria de las Amezcoas
* José Manuel de Oraá y Sanz, 3rd Duke of Victoria de las Amezcoas
* Francisco Javier de Oraá y Moyua, 4th Duke of Victoria de las Amezcoas
# Theridion argentatulum

Theridion argentatulum is a species of Theridiidae that is endemic to New Zealand.

## Taxonomy

This species was described as Theridion argentatum in 1892 by Arthur Urquhart from a female specimen. In 1942, the species name was changed to Theridion argentatulum.

## Description

The female is recorded at 3.2mm in length.

## Distribution

This species is only known from Hawera, New Zealand.

## Conservation status

Under the New Zealand Threat Classification System, this species is listed as "Data Deficient" with the qualifiers of "Data Poor: Size", "Data Poor: Trend" and "One Location".
# Roman Catholic Diocese of Mbaïki

The Roman Catholic Diocese of Mbaïki (Latin: Mbaikien(sis)) is a diocese in Mbaïki in the ecclesiastical province of Bangui in the Central African Republic.

## History

* June 10, 1995: Established as Diocese of Mbaïki from the Metropolitan Archdiocese of Bangui

## Leadership

* Bishops of Mbaïki (Roman rite)
** Bishop Guerrino Perin, M.C.C.I. (10 June 1995 – 10 March 2021)
** Bishop Jesús Ruiz Molina, M.C.C.I. (10 March 2021 – present)
# Straight to the Heart (1968 film)

Straight to the Heart (French: Jusqu'au cœur) is a Canadian drama film, directed by Jean Pierre Lefebvre and released in 1968. The film stars Robert Charlebois as Garou, a committed pacifist who is detained by mysterious authorities who try to brainwash him into supporting and defending war, and Claudine Monfette as his girlfriend.
Following its Canadian theatrical premiere in 1968, the film was screened in the Director's Fortnight stream at the 1969 Cannes Film Festival.

## Critical analysis

Jay Scott of The Globe and Mail would later describe the film as "a confluence of Godard and the Antonioni of Blow Up", writing that "it is relentlessly experimental and gives the lie to the accusation that Lefebvre cannot pace his films rapidly". Peter Harcourt of the Canadian Film Institute wrote that "complex in its construction, Jusqu'au cœur seems simplistic in its conclusion. Though an interesting film, it can perhaps endure a cursory treatment. Its chief value may lie in the techniques discovered through the course of making this highly 'experimental' film — techniques that are more personally and more subtly employed in both La Chambre blanche and Ultimatum."
Film historian Thomas Waugh later analyzed the film as an early advance in LGBTQ representation in Canadian film. Although not addressing an LGBTQ-themed story, the film includes two brief scenes of same-sex couples (one each male and female) kissing, a practice which was then rare in cinema.
# Verkhny Reutets

Verkhny Reutets (Russian: Верхний Реутец) is a rural locality (Russian: село, lit. 'village') and the administrative center of Vyshnereutchansky Selsoviet Rural Settlement, Medvensky District, Kursk Oblast, Russia. Population: 669 (2010 Census); 886 (2002 Census);

## Geography

The village is located on the Reutets River (a left tributary of the Reut River in the Seym basin), 54 km (34 mi) from the Russia–Ukraine border, 42 km (26 mi) south-west of Kursk, 9 km (5.6 mi) south-west of the district center – the urban-type settlement Medvenka.

### Streets

There are the following streets in the locality: Babinka, Beloborodovka, Bolshoye, Bugor, Domiki, Gavrilovka, Grunt, Istomovka, Klyuchik, Lebedinovka, Lomanovka, Magazinnaya, Mordashovka, Nizhnevka, Podturshchina, Ragozevka, Voronovka and Zalozhenka (415 houses).

### Climate

Verkhny Reutets has a warm-summer humid continental climate (Dfb in the Köppen climate classification).
Climate data for Verkhny Reutets :
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | −4 (25) | −2.9 (26.8) | 3.1 (37.6) | 13.1 (55.6) | 19.5 (67.1) | 22.8 (73.0) | 25.4 (77.7) | 24.8 (76.6) | 18.3 (64.9) | 10.7 (51.3) | 3.5 (38.3) | −1.1 (30.0) | 11.1 (52.0) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | −6.1 (21.0) | −5.5 (22.1) | −0.5 (31.1) | 8.3 (46.9) | 14.8 (58.6) | 18.5 (65.3) | 21 (70) | 20.1 (68.2) | 14.1 (57.4) | 7.3 (45.1) | 1.2 (34.2) | −3.1 (26.4) | 7.5 (45.5) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −8.6 (16.5) | −8.6 (16.5) | −4.6 (23.7) | 2.8 (37.0) | 9.1 (48.4) | 13.1 (55.6) | 15.9 (60.6) | 15 (59) | 9.8 (49.6) | 4 (39) | −1.1 (30.0) | −5.3 (22.5) | 3.5 (38.2) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 51 (2.0) | 44 (1.7) | 48 (1.9) | 50 (2.0) | 63 (2.5) | 69 (2.7) | 73 (2.9) | 53 (2.1) | 56 (2.2) | 56 (2.2) | 47 (1.9) | 50 (2.0) | 660 (26.1) |
| Source: https://en.climate-data.org/asia/russian-federation/kursk-oblast/verkhniy-reutets-229481/ ||||||||||||||

## Transport

Verkhny Reutets is located 9.5 km (5.9 mi) from the federal route M-2 Crimea Highway (a part of the European route E105), on the roads of intermunicipal significance 38H-185 (M2 "Crimea Highway" – Gakhovo) and 38H-188 (38N-185 – Verkhny Reutets – Reutchansky), 33.5 km (20.8 mi) from the nearest railway halt and passing loop 454 km (railway line Lgov I — Kursk).
The rural locality is situated 49 km (30 mi) from Kursk Vostochny Airport, 87 km (54 mi) from Belgorod International Airport and 229 km (142 mi) from Voronezh Peter the Great Airport.
# Argomaniz

Argomaniz (Basque pronunciation:, alternatively in Basque: Argomaiz; Spanish: Argómaniz) is a village and concejo located in the municipality of Elburgo/Burgelu, in Álava province, Basque Country, Spain.

## Places of interest

The village is home to a parador, established in 1978, located in the seventeenth-century Larrea palace. It is a Renaissance building where Napoleon rested prior to the assault on Vitoria.
# Pochodnia

Pochodnia (Polish: Torch, full name: the Association for the Promotion of Culture and Education "Torch", Polish: Towarzystwo Popierania Kultury i Oświaty "Pochodnia") was a cultural association of Poles in Lithuania. The first chairman was Wiktor Budzyński (1924-1935), succeeded by Jan Przeździecki and Czesław Mackiewicz. Its activities included education, libraries, theatre, museums, exhibitions, press and literature. Its most important activity was school and after school education. It managed a number of preschools and private primary schools. In 1935 it managed 19 Polish afterschool cultural centers (Polish: Świetlica polska) with over 12,000 participants, and the central library with 115 library outlets.
# Leaning Tower of Suurhusen

The Leaning Tower of Suurhusen (German: Schiefer Turm von Suurhusen) is a late medieval steeple in Suurhusen, a village in the East Frisian region of northwestern Germany. According to the Guinness World Records it was at one time the most tilted tower in the world, although intentionally inclined towers such as the Montreal Tower far surpass it. The Suurhusen steeple as of 2007 claimed to be the unintentionally tilted tower with the greatest angle of lean in the world, 1.22° more than Leaning Tower of Pisa.

## History

The Brick Gothic church in Suurhusen is reminiscent of the old fortress churches. Originally, it was 32 m (105 ft) long and 9.35 m (30.7 ft) wide. In 1450 the church was shortened by about a quarter and the tower was built in the space. The tower leans at an angle of 5.19° (5° 11′), compared with 3.97° (3° 58′) for the Pisa tower after its stabilisation.
According to local historian Tjabbo van Lessen, the church was built in the Middle Ages in marshy land on foundations of oak tree trunks which were preserved by groundwater. When the land was drained in the 19th century, the wood rotted, causing the tower to tilt. The steeple was closed to the public in 1975 for safety reasons, and re-opened 10 years later after it was stabilised.

## Data

* Area: 121 square metres (1,300 sq ft), 11 m × 11 m (36 ft × 36 ft)
* Height: 27.37 metres (89.8 ft)
* Overhang: 2.47 metres (8.1 ft)
* Foundation: 2-metre-thick (6.6 ft) masonry, resting on oak piles
* Total weight: 2,116 t (2,332 short tons)

## Gallery

* Side view
* Side view
* Entrance to tower
* View from the east
* Rear view with cemetery
# Henri Gashi

Henri Gashi (born 3 December 2001) is an English professional footballer who plays as a midfielder.

## Club career

In 2019, Gashi moved from Bromley to Fisher. At some point, he moved back to Bromley, but was signed by Albanian side Besa Kavajë in February 2021.
Gashi made his senior debut on 27 March 2021 away to Elbasani in a 2–1 win and scored his first professional goal on 23 April 2021 against Tomori Berat in a 3–1 away loss.

## Career statistics
### Club

    As of 7 May 2022.
Appearances and goals by club, season and competition :
| Club | Season | League | League | League | Cup | Cup | Other | Other | Total | Total |
| Club | Season | Division | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals |
| Besa Kavajë | 2020–21 | Kategoria e Parë | 6 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 6 | 1 |
| Besa Kavajë | 2021–22 | Kategoria e Parë | 14 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 16 | 1 |
| Career total | Career total | Career total | 20 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 22 | 2 |
* ↑ Appearances in the Albanian Cup
# Ivan Chisov

Ivan Mikhailovich Chisov (Russian: Иван Михайлович Чиcсов, Ukrainian: Іван Михайлович Чиссов; 1916–1986) was a Soviet Air Force lieutenant who survived a fall of approximately 7,000 meters (23,000 feet).

## Biography

Lieutenant Colonel Chisov was a navigator on a Soviet Air Force Ilyushin Il-4 bomber. In January 1942, Luftwaffe fighters attacked his bomber, forcing him to bail out. Nikolai Zhugan, a crewman on Chisov's flight, later said that Chisov leapt from the plane at an altitude of approximately 7,000 meters (23,000 feet), though other references list Chisov's fall at 6,700 meters. Zhugan himself waited until the plane was at about 5,000 meters before bailing out.
With the air battle still raging around him, Chisov intentionally did not open his parachute, as he feared that doing so would make him an easy target for German gunfire while dangling from his parachute harness. He planned to drop below the level of the battle and open his chute once he was out of sight of the fighters. Due to the thin atmosphere at that altitude, however, he lost consciousness and was unable to pull the rip cord.
Chisov struck the edge of a snowy ravine at an estimated speed of between 190 and 240 km/h (120 and 150 mph), then slid, rolled, and ploughed his way to the bottom. The aerial battle had been seen by cavalry commander General Pavel Alexeyevich Belov. When Chisov was seen falling to the ground, cavalrymen rushed to the site, and were surprised to find Chisov alive, still wearing his unopened parachute. Chisov regained consciousness a short time later.
Chisov suffered severe injuries, including spinal injuries and a broken pelvis. He was immediately operated on and was in critical condition for a month following. Despite his injuries, he was able to fly again three months later. He requested to continue flying combat missions, but was instead sent to become a navigational trainer.
Chisov flew over 70 combat missions during the course of his career.
After the war, he graduated from the Military-Political Academy. On his departure from the reserve, he became a propagandist for the Central House of the Soviet Army.

## Awards

* Order of the Red Banner (23.07.1943)
* Order of the Patriotic War 1st class (1985)
* Medal "For the Defence of Moscow"
* Medal "For the Defence of Leningrad"
* Medal "For the Victory over Germany in the Great Patriotic War 1941–1945"
* Jubilee Medal "Twenty Years of Victory in the Great Patriotic War 1941–1945"
* Jubilee Medal "Thirty Years of Victory in the Great Patriotic War 1941–1945"
* Jubilee Medal "Forty Years of Victory in the Great Patriotic War 1941–1945"
# Chökyi Gyeltshen

Chökyi Gyeltshen (Standard Tibetan: ཆོས་ཀྱི་རྒྱལ་མཚན, (Wylie: chos kyi rgyal mtshan)) (1402–1473) was a Tibetan spiritual leader. He was the sixth Ganden Tripa of the Gelug school of Tibetan Buddhism from 1463 to 1473. He was also the 1st Tatsak Rinpoche (rta tshag rin po che).
He was a student of Jampel Gyatso ('jam dpal rgya mtsho, 1356-1428). He became known as Baso Choje (ba so chos rje), because "he either founded or took over the monastery of Baso Lhundrub Dechen (ba so lhun grub bde chen dgon)."
As abbot of Ganden Monastery, he turned the main chapel into a "large temple," and installed "the gold gilt image of a form of Mañjuśrī known as Sanggye Sengge Ngaro (sangs rgyas sengge nga ro)."
   "Chokyi Gyeltsen had three principle disciples, known collectively as the “Three Dorje Brothers” (rdo rje mched gsum): Chokyi Dorje (chos kyi rdo rje, b. c.1457), Pelden Dorje (dpal ldan rdo rje) from Tolung, and Dorje Pelwa (rdo rje dpal ba), from Kham. Jedrung Lhawang Chokyi Gyeltsen (rje drung lha dbang chos kyi rgyal mtshan, 1537-1603) was identified as Baso Chokyi Gyeltsen's reincarnation."
# HTMS Similan

HTMS Similan (871) (Thai: เรือหลวงสิมิลัน) is a replenishment oiler (AOR) of the Royal Thai Navy. She was intended to support the aircraft carrier HTMS Chakri Naruebet and its escorts. Similan was constructed in the People's Republic of China at the Hudong Shipyard through a 1993 contract with the China State Shipbuilding Corporation. The ship was commissioned in 1996. Similan is the largest ship in the Thai navy and the largest naval ship exported by China.
The design is a flush-decked development of the Chinese Type 905 AOR resembling the French Durance; the builder referred to the design as Type R22T. Similan was a sister ship or the precursor to the later Chinese Type 903.

## Design

Similan has two refueling stations on each side. Solid cargo is transferred by helicopter.
The ship was planned to be armed with Chinese weapons; four Type 76 twin 37 mm naval guns and the Type 341 radar were not fitted.

## Career

Similan deployed together with HTMS Pattani in 2010 and HTMS Narathiwat in 2011 to combat piracy off the coast of Somalia as part of Combined Task Force 151.
# Capability-oriented strategic modelling

A capability is an ability that an organization, person, or system possesses. Capabilities are typically expressed in general and high-level terms and typically require a combination of organization, people, processes, and technology to achieve. For example, marketing, customer contact, and outbound telemarketing are examples of capabilities.
# Andreas Arestidou

Andreas Andrea James Arestidou (born 6 December 1989) is an English professional footballer who plays as a goalkeeper.

## Playing career

Arestidou made his debut first team appearance against AFC Telford United at the New Bucks Head in a mid-season Shropshire FA Cup Final 2–1 win on 17 November 2009. Arestidou then made his league debut in a match in the 2009–10 season, starting in the Shrews' 1–1 draw at home to Bury. He was a regular in the reserve team during the 2008–09 season.
He was released on 14 May 2010.
He then joined Preston on trial and played in the pre-season friendly against Chorley. Arestidou then signed a one-year deal. Despite him not appearing for the first team in 2010–11, he did enough to earn an additional year's contract and broke into the first team after first choice goalkeeper Iain Turner broke a toe. He made his competitive debut for Preston in a League Cup game at Charlton on 13 September 2011, keeping a clean sheet, before going on to be on the winning side in five of his seven senior Preston appearances. The most notable match was a Football League Trophy game against his home town club which went to penalties. After gifting a goal to Morecambe in normal time, he kept Preston in the cup by saving two consecutive penalties from Izak Reid and Kevin Ellison, either of which would have won the match for Morecambe after misses by his teammates Clarke Carlisle and Ian Ashbee respectively.
Following an injury to first choice goalkeeper, Turner's foot, Arestidou became first choice during Turner absence. However, it was short lived as he was replaced by signing Thorsten Stuckmann, after Arestidou conceded five goals against Charlton in a 5–2 loss. In May 2012, Arestidou was released from the club after being told his contract would not be renewed.

## International career

Arestidou made four appearances for the England under-17 side between 2004 and 2005, playing in the Nordic Cup.
# James Younger, 5th Viscount Younger of Leckie

James Edward George Younger, 5th Viscount Younger of Leckie (born 11 November 1955), is an elected hereditary peer who sits on the Conservative benches in the House of Lords.

## Early life

James Younger was born on 11 November 1955. His father was George Younger, 4th Viscount Younger of Leckie, who was a prominent member of Margaret Thatcher's cabinet.
Younger was educated at Winchester College, where he was in the school football team, and the University of St Andrews, where he read medieval history. He holds an MBA from Henley Management College.

## Career

Younger now works in the field of personnel management and recruitment.
In June 2010, Younger won the by-election to replace the 14th Earl of Northesk who died in March 2010. Younger inherited his peerage in 2003, after passage of the House of Lords Act 1999, making him one of those excepted hereditary members of the House of Lords who was not a member before the act came into force.
Younger is a deputy chairman of the Buckingham Constituency Conservative Association.
On 25 June 2012, Younger was appointed a Lord-in-waiting (Lords Whip). On 9 January 2013, Lord Younger was appointed as Parliamentary Under Secretary of State for Intellectual Property at the Department for Business Innovation and Skills, by the Prime Minister.
On 27 July 2019, he was appointed Parliamentary Under-Secretary of State for Housing, Communities & Local Government in Boris Johnson's ministry.
On 1 January 2023, he was appointed Parliamentary Under-Secretary of State at the Department for Work and Pensions.
# Gus Saron

Gustav "Gus" Saron (1905 – 1989) was associated with the South African Jewish Board of Deputies for almost half a century. He was appointed Secretary in 1936 and General Secretary in 1940. He retired at the end of 1974, but continued in the role of Honorary Consultant. In July 1966 Saron completed thirty years of service as the Board's General Secretary, the top post in South African Jewry's "civil service," and was suitably feted by communal leaders. Johannesburg-born, Saron lectured in classics and Hebrew at the Witwatersrand University before practising law and joining the staff of the Board of Deputies. He played a key part in combating Nazi propaganda in South Africa during the Hitler years, and in expanding the Board's scope and activities. In lieu of taking a sabbatical leave, Saron embarked, in October 1966, on a five-months' study tour of Jewish communities in the United States, Europe, and Israel.
# Esfid, Qom

Esfid (Persian: اسفيد, also Romanized as Esfīd; also known as Ispi) is a village in Qahan Rural District, Khalajestan District, Qom County, Qom Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 289, in 79 families.
# Republic of Korea Army College

Republic of Korea Army College is a college located in Yuseong-gu, South Korea.
# Kupittaa

Kupittaa (Swedish: Kuppis) is a district in Turku, Finland. It is located on the eastern side of the city's centre, around the Kupittaa Park, the first landscaped park in a Finnish city. The district serves as a centre for recreation and business. Turku has recently planned a residential area for 750 residents on the premises of a former HKScan sausage factory.

## Name

The name Kupittaa may be associated with an old border and may be related to the word kupitsa, a name for a boundary mark. Another theory is that it comes from the Slavic word for a merchant, kupets.

## History

According to a version of the legend, the first pagan Finns were baptised into Christianity by the Bishop Henry at a spring in Kupittaa Park on Midsummer Day in the year 1155. In the 18th century, the spring was used as a spa facility.

## Buildings

Most of the Turku Science Park business centre is located in Kupittaa. The centre is currently expanding around Kupittaa railway station, next to Finnish national road 1 (part of European route E18) between Helsinki and Turku.

## Sport

The area hosts, among other things, numerous sports facilities, such as the Veritas Stadion, a Pesäpallo (Finnish baseball) stadium, a velodrome, a bowling alley, a skateboarding area and a BMX track, and the Kupittaa open-air swimming pools. The ice hockey arena in the district was demolished in 2005. A new one was inaugurated in November 2006.

### Veritas Stadion

The Veritas Stadion is used by the association football team FC Inter Turku, who comepete in the Veikkausliiga.

### Turku Hippodrome

The Turku Hippodrome or Kupittaa Racecourse was a racetrack located north of Hippoxentie (next to the Veritas Stadion) between 1902 and 1973. Turku Hippos, founded in 1894, began planning the construction of its own track immediately after its establishment. A suitable place was found when the Turku Sniper Battalion moved its shooting range from Kupittaa to Kärsämäki in 1899. Ravirata started operating three years later.
In the 1970s, Kupitta started to become too cramped for the operation of the race track. In addition, the old-fashioned track no longer met the requirements of the time. The last races at the Kupittaa racetrack were held on 9 September 1973. Today, only the kiosk building completed in 1948, remains of the Kupittaa racetrack. The wooden kiosk designed by architect Erik Bryggman is protected.
There was also a motorcycle speedway track on the infield of the race track, where the first competition of the sport was held in Finland in 1949. It hosted significant events including a qualifying rounds of the Speedway World Championship in 1955 and 1959 and the Finnish Speedway Championship in 1956, 1958, 1961, 1973 and 1976.
In addition, there was also a greyhound track in the area, where the 1981 Nordic championships were organised. The Greyhound track ceased operations in the early 1980s.

## Gallery

* Residential buildings on the Lemminkäisenkatu street
* Buildings on the Joukahaisenkatu
* Lemminkäisenkatu street in rainy weather, near the Kupittaa sport hall
# A Handful of Love (film)

A Handful of Love (Swedish: En handfull kärlek) is a 1974 Swedish period drama film directed by Vilgot Sjöman. It was entered into the 24th Berlin International Film Festival. At the 10th Guldbagge Awards the film won the awards for Best Film and Best Director.

## Cast

* Anita Ekström as Hjördis
* Gösta Bredefeldt as Daniel Severin Larsson
* Ingrid Thulin as Inez Crona
* Ernst-Hugo Järegård as Claes Crona
* Sif Ruud as Thekla Renholm
* Per Myrberg as Sebastian Renholm
* Eva-Britt Strandberg as Therese
* Frej Lindqvist as Fritz Fredrik Crona
* Anders Oscarsson as Henning Christian Crona
* Gunnar Ossiander as Grandfather Crona
* Chris Wahlström as Magdalena
* Bibi Skoglund as Adele
* Claire Wikholm as Zaida
* Ernst Günther as Finland
* Harald Hamrell as Linus