OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Btk-type zinc finger

In molecular biology, the Btk-type zinc finger or Btk motif (BM) is a conserved zinc-binding motif containing conserved cysteines and a histidine that is present in certain eukaryotic signalling proteins. The motif is named after Bruton's tyrosine kinase (Btk), an enzyme which is essential for B cell maturation in humans and mice. Btk is a member of the Tec family of protein tyrosine kinases (PTK). These kinases contain a conserved Tec homology (TH) domain between the N-terminal pleckstrin homology (PH) domain and the Src homology 3 (SH3) domain. The N-terminal of the TH domain is highly conserved and known as the Btf motif, while the C-terminal region of the TH domain contains a proline-rich region (PRR). The Btk motif contains a conserved His and three Cys residues that form a zinc finger (although these differ from known zinc finger topologies), while PRRs are commonly involved in protein-protein interactions, including interactions with G proteins. The TH domain may be of functional importance in various signalling pathways in different species. A complete TH domain, containing both the Btk and PRR regions, has not been found outside the Tec family; however, the Btk motif on its own does occur in other proteins, usually C-terminal to a PH domain (note that although a Btk motif always occurs C-terminal to a PH domain, not all PH domains are followed by a Btk motif).
The crystal structures of Btk show that the Btk-type zinc finger has a globular core, formed by a long loop which is held together by a zinc ion, and that the Btk motif is packed against the PH domain. The zinc-binding residues are a histidine and three cysteines, which are fully conserved in the Btk motif.
Proteins known to contain a Btk-type zinc finger include:
* Mammalian Bruton's tyrosine kinase (Btk), a protein tyrosine kinase involved in modulation of diverse cellular processes. Mutations affecting Btk are the cause of X-linked agammaglobulinemia (XLA) in humans and X-linked immunodeficiency in mice.
* Mammalian Tec, Bmx, and Itk proteins, which are tyrosine protein kinases of the Tec subfamily.
* Drosophila tyrosine-protein kinase Btk29A, which is required for the development of proper ring canals and of male genitalia and required for adult survival.
* Mammalian Ras GTPase-activating proteins (RasGAP), which regulate the activation of inactive GDP-bound Ras by converting GDP to GTP.
# Aharon Sorasky

Rabbi Aharon Sorasky (Hebrew: אהרן סורסקי; surname also spelled Surasky or Sorsky) is a Haredi author in Israel, his specialty being biographies about Orthodox rabbis. He has also written under the pseudonym A. Safran.

## Personal life

Rabbi Sorasky was born on April 28, 1940, and is a Slonimer chossid. He began his writing career with the Hamodia and worked for the Netzach publishing company. He has been hired by several Hasidic courts to write biographies about their rebbes.

## Praise

Rabbi Hanoch Teller wrote that "for decades, Rabbi Surasky has established himself as the most eminent, reliable and stylistically graceful biographer of our time–perhaps of all time." Rabbi Teller also praises him as a "serious talmid chacham and erudite scholar." Rabbi Simcha Wasserman praised him for his work, Ohr Elchonon, about Rabbi Wasserman's father, saying, "Rabbi Aharon Sorasky, the distinguished author and scholar, gathered and organized the material into a justly acclaimed Ohr Elchonon in Hebrew. Its accurate portrayal of my father's character, accoplishents, and teachings is an eloquent tribute to Rabbi Sorasky's understanding and skill." Rabbi Gedalia Anemer, rosh yeshiva of Yeshiva of Greater Washington, called Rabbi Sorasky's biography on Rabbi Yekusiel Yehuda Halberstam, Lapid HaEsh, "an exceptional work which portrays the life of the great tzadik and his many contributions to Klal Yisrael (the Jewish people)."
# Kulmetovo

Kulmetovo (Russian: Кульметово; Bashkir: Ҡолмәт, Qolmät) is a rural locality (a village) in Yelanlinsky Selsoviet, Kiginsky District, Bashkortostan, Russia. The population was 293 as of 2010. There are 5 streets.

## Geography

Kulmetovo is located 41 km south of Verkhniye Kigi (the district's administrative centre) by road. Alexeyevka is the nearest rural locality.
# Makhtesh

A makhtesh (Hebrew: מַכְתֵּשׁ, Hebrew plural: מַכְתְּשִׁים‎ ( – Makhteshim) is a geological landform found in the Negev desert of Israel and the Sinai Peninsula of Egypt. A makhtesh has steep walls of resistant rock surrounding a deep closed valley, which is usually drained by a single wadi. The valleys have limited vegetation and soil, containing a variety of different colored rocks and diverse fauna and flora. The best known and largest makhtesh is Makhtesh Ramon.

## Etymology

Although commonly referred to as "craters", these formations are "erosion cirques" (steephead valleys or box canyons). Craters are formed by the impact of a meteor or volcanic eruption, whereas makhteshim are created by erosion.
The word makhtesh is the Hebrew word for a mortar grinder (מַכְתֵּשׁ‎). The geological landform was given this name because of its similarity to a grinding bowl.

## Geology

Where a hard outer layer of rock covers softer rocks, erosion removes the softer minerals relatively quickly, and they are washed away from under the harder rock. The harder rocks eventually collapse under their own weight, and a crater-like valley structure is formed. In Negev and Sinai makhteshes, the hard rocks are limestone and dolomites, while the inner softer rocks are chalk or sandstone.
The center of the Negev is dominated by northeast-southwest anticlinal ridges. The crests of four ridges host five deep valleys surrounded by steep walls. The upper half consists of hard limestone and dolomite, and the bottom is friable sandstone. Each valley, known as a makhtesh, is drained by a narrow river bed.

### Negev

The Negev has five makhteshes: Makhtesh Ramon, Makhtesh Gadol, Makhtesh Katan, and two small makhteshes on Mount Arif, south of Makhtesh Ramon.
* Makhtesh Ramon is exceptional as it is drained by two rivers (Nahal Ramon and Nahal Ardon). It is the largest makhtesh at over 40 km long, 2–10 km wide and over 500 m deep. The rocks in this makhtesh contain thousands of ammonite fossils, as well as volcanic and metamorphic rocks.
* Makhtesh Gadol (Large Makhtesh). At the time of naming, Makhtesh Ramon was uncharted, and so this was thought to be the largest makhtesh, at 10 km by 5 km.
* Makhtesh Katan (Small Makhtesh) is the smallest major makhtesh at 7 km by 5 km and was charted in 1942 by Jewish explorers.

### Sinai

The two makhteshes in Sinai, Egypt, have no names for the basin, but their walls have several names including Jabal al-Manzur or Gebel Maghara.

### Jordan

Several similar geological formations are also found in Wadi Rum in southern Jordan.

## Gallery

* The walls of Makhtesh Katan (the Small Makhtesh)
* Colorful sandstone in Makhtesh Katan
* Makhtesh Katan
* Colorful sandstone in the Small Makhtesh
* Acacia tree inside Makhtesh Gadol
* Mist flowing over the northern rim of Makhtesh Gadol
* Ramon Monocline on the southern side of Makhtesh Ramon
* Ramon Fault on the southern side of Makhtesh Ramon
# Gwen Bell

Gwen Bell (born July 20, 1934) was the first president of The Computer Museum in Boston, which she co-founded with her then-husband Gordon Bell.

## Life

Bell earned her Bachelor's degree from the University of Wisconsin in 1957, and a Master of City and Regional Planning from Harvard University in 1959. In 1967 she earned her PhD in geography from Clark University.
From 1966 to 1972, she was an associate professor of urban affairs at the University of Pittsburgh's Graduate School of Public and International Affairs. In 1972, she was a visiting associate professor at the Harvard Graduate School of Design. During this time period she was also the editor of the monthly periodical Ekistics: The Problems and Science of Human Settlements of Ekistics in Athens, Greece (1966–1977) and a consultant to the United Nations for Indonesia, the Philippines, and Brazil (1970–1977).
After a short stint in 1978 as a social science editor for Pergamon Press (1978), Bell co-founded and became the first President of The Computer Museum (1979–1997). Bell also served as President of the Association for Computing Machinery (ACM) from 1992 to 1994.
# Qazi Anwar

Qazi Anwar or Qazi Muhammad Anwar (Urdu: قاضی محمد انور) is a former attorney general, constitutional lawyer, president of the Supreme Court Bar Association of Pakistan (SCBAP) and former senator. A former activist in the Pakistan Peoples Party, he joined the Awami National Party (ANP) in 1994 in protest against the dismissal of the provincial government by the federal government. He also served as additional deputy secretary general of ANP.
Qazi Anwar was active in opposing the suspension of Supreme Court Chief Justice Iftikhar Chaudhry.
A Pashto & Hindko-speaker, he rejoined the Awami National Party. He was elected as president of SCBAP in 2009, defeating Barrister Bacha with support from lawyers associated with the ANP and PPP.
Qazi Anwar, after his election to the office as SCBAP president, took a hard line on the issue of the independence of the judiciary from interference by the government. He took an equally hard line against government influence on the SCBA, returning a 1 million rupee cheque to then-law minister Babar Awan.
# Embassy of Indonesia, The Hague

The Embassy of the Republic of Indonesia in The Hague (Indonesian: Kedutaan Besar Republik Indonesia di Den Haag) is the diplomatic mission of the Republic of Indonesia to the Netherlands. The embassy is located in Scheveningen district of The Hague and is currently headed by Ambassador Mayerfas which was appointed by President Joko Widodo on 14 September 2020.

## History

Indonesia established diplomatic relations with the Netherlands as a republic in 1949 after Dutch–Indonesian Round Table Conference where the Dutch formally recognized Indonesia's sovereignty. Its first ambassador was Mohammad Roem which took office in 1950.
# Santa Chiara a Vigna Clara

The Church of Saint Clare in Vigna Clara (Italian: Santa Chiara a Vigna Clara, Latin: S. Clarae ad Vineam Claram) is a Catholic titular church in Rome, Italy, built as a parish church by decree of Cardinal Clemente Micara. In 1969 Pope Paul VI granted it a titular church as a seat for Cardinals.
The present Cardinal Priest of the Titulus Sancta Clarae ad Vineam Claram is Vinko Puljić.

## Architecture

The church is circular, and is based on the structure of the church of Santo Stefano Rotondo. Behind the altar is a series of paintings, which include scenes of the Nativity and the Annunciation, all done by Mariano Villalta.

## List of Cardinal Priests

* Gordon Joseph Gray (30 April 1969 – 19 July 1993)
* Vinko Puljić (26 November 1994 – Present)
# Baddiel's Syndrome

Baddiel's Syndrome is a British television sitcom that originally aired on Sky One in 2001. It centred on a therapy-attending architect played by David Baddiel.

## Cast

* David Baddiel as David
* Morwenna Banks as Eva Starzia Schnorbitz Melitzskova
* Peter Bradshaw as Peter
* Demetri Goritsas as Ethan
* Kim Thomson as Sian
* Stephen Fry as The Psychiatrist
* Jonathan Bailey as Josh
* Gareth Thomas as Colin
# Port of Bitung

Port of Bitung (Indonesian: Pelabuhan Bitung) is a seaport located on Jalan D.S Sumolang in Bitung, North Sulawesi, in Indonesia. It is the largest port in the province, consists of both container and passenger ship ports. The port serves as a hub for most exports originated from North Sulawesi and other areas of eastern Indonesia to destinations such as Philippines and Vietnam. There are also ferry routes linking Bitung with General Santos and Davao City.

## Facilities

Since Bitung harbour's designation as an important international hub seaport in 2012, it has a larger sets of facilities than other ports in the area. The Port of Bitung is supported by two tugboats and four pilot boats and 9 miles (7.8 nautical miles; 14 kilometres) of 600 metres (2,000 feet) wide shipping lane. Currently Bitung harbour has four wharves:
* Ocean Wharf – 607 metres (1,991 feet) long with a depth of about 5 metres (16 feet).
* Nusantara Wharf – 652 metres (2,139 feet) long with a depth of about 6 metres (20 feet).
* Container Wharf VIII – 182 metres (597 feet) long with a depth of about 20 metres (66 feet).
* Container Wharf IX – 60 metres (200 feet) long with a depth of about 10 metres (33 feet).
In addition, there are other facilities that support the operation of the port, namely a container crane, a mobile crane, four chassis, five trucks, five forklifts, water desalination facility, refuelling stop (diesel and marine fuel), dry wharf for repairs, warehouse (3 x 4,320 square metres (46,500 square feet) and 1 x 432 square metres (4,650 square feet)), immigration, and a medical facility.
# David Holt (footballer, born 1936)

David Duff Holt (born 3 January 1936) is a Scottish former international footballer who played as a left back. During his playing career, Holt made more than 300 appearances in the Scottish Football League for Queen's Park, Heart of Midlothian and Partick Thistle between 1957 and 1970.
At Hearts (who were reigning Scottish champions at the time he joined the club), Holt won the 1962–63 Scottish League Cup during his nine-year spell at Tynecastle Park and was an important member of the team which only missed out on the 1964–65 Scottish Division One title on goal average. However, he was released on a free transfer in 1969 and later stated he felt he had been badly treated by the club.
Holt, who earned five caps for Scotland national side, also represented Great Britain at the 1960 Summer Olympics (being able to do so as he played for Queen's Park who operated on an amateur basis).
Holt later worked as a taxi driver for many years.
# Gibraltar national netball team

The Gibraltar national netball team represents Gibraltar in international netball. They are also known as the Gibraltar Netball Campions.
# Tetraopini

Tetraopini is a tribe of longhorn beetles in the subfamily Lamiinae.

## Taxonomy

* Mecasoma Chemsak & Linsley, 1974
* Phaea Newman, 1840
* Tetraopes Dalman in Schönherr, 1817
# Angers European First Film Festival

The Angers European First Film Festival (French: Festival Premiers Plans d'Angers) is an annual film festival held in the city of Angers, France every January since 1989, dedicated to European cinema.

## History

The first edition of this festival took place in 1989 at the initiative of its current delegate general Claude-Eric Poiroux, founder of the art house cinema Les 400 coups in Angers, and of a group of moviegoers.
Since 2011, the festival collaborates with the Beijing First Film Festival.
In 2013, it attracted nearly 70,000 festival-goers. By 2014, over 2200 films were submitted annually, more than 300 were selected for different sections. In 2016, admissions were estimated to be more than 76,000 and more than 150,000 euros in prizes awarded to films selected by juries or spectators.

## Jury Presidents

Over the years, seminal figures in the world of cinematography have chaired the jury:
* 1989 : Theo Angelopoulos
* 1990 : Henri Alekan
* 1991 : Vojtěch Jasný
* 1992 : André Téchiné
* 1993 : Jane Birkin
* 1994 : Andrzej Żuławski
* 1995 : Bertrand Tavernier
* 1996 : Freddy Buache
* 1997 : Agnieszka Holland
* 1998 : Claude Chabrol
* 1999 : Lucian Pintilie
* 2000 : Agnès Varda
* 2001 : Pavel Lungin
* 2002 : Nathalie Baye
* 2003 : Jeanne Moreau
* 2004 : Benoît Jacquot
* 2005 : Jacqueline Bisset and Claude Miller
* 2006 : Radu Mihaileanu
* 2007 : Abderrahmane Sissako
* 2008 : Sandrine Bonnaire
* 2009 : Claire Denis and Raoul Servais
* 2010 : Lucas Belvaux and Matthias Luthardt [fr]
* 2011 : Robert Guédiguian and Tonie Marshall
* 2012 : Christophe Honoré and Mathieu Demy
* 2013 : Noémie Lvovsky and Fabienne Godet
* 2014 : Catherine Corsini
* 2015 : Laurent Cantet and Jiri Barta
* 2017 : Lambert Wilson
* 2018 : Catherine Deneuve
* 2019 : Cédric Kahn and Michael Dudok de Wit
* 2020 : Juliette Binoche and Claude Barras
* 2021 : Pierre Salvadori
* 2022 : Melvil Poupaud
* 2023
* 2024 : Robin Campillo
# All Our Desires

All Our Desires (French: Toutes nos envies) is a 2011 French drama film directed by Philippe Lioret. Marie Gillain was nominated for the Magritte Award for Best Actress for her role. The screenplay was adapted loosely from the 2009 French non-fiction book Other Lives But Mine.

## Synopsis

In Lyon, Claire (Marie Gillain) is a young magistrate confronted with people in debt, in particular with a young woman, Céline (Amandine Dewasmes), whom she tries to help. During a hospital examination, Claire learns that she has an incurable brain tumor (glioblastoma) and that she has little time to live. At the same time, she meets Stéphane (Vincent Lindon), a more experienced colleague, and together they seek a legal loophole against the credit agencies.

## Cast

* Vincent Lindon as Stéphane
* Marie Gillain as Claire Conti
* Amandine Dewasmes as Céline
* Yannick Renier as Christophe (as Yannick Rénier)
* Pascale Arbillot as Marthe
* Laure Duthilleul as Carole
* Isabelle Renauld as Doctor Hadji
* Emmanuel Courcol as Doctor Stroesser
* Eric Godon as Gallois

## Accolades

| Award / Film Festival | Category | Recipients and nominees | Result |
| César Award | Best Actress | Marie Gillain | Nominated |
| Globes de Cristal Award | Best Actress | Marie Gillain | Nominated |
| Magritte Award | Best Actress | Marie Gillain | Nominated |
| Venice Film Festival | Venice Days Award | | Nominated |
# Hyperoxaluria

Hyperoxaluria is an excessive urinary excretion of oxalate. Individuals with hyperoxaluria often have calcium oxalate kidney stones. It is sometimes called Bird's disease, after Golding Bird, who first described the condition.

## Causes

Hyperoxaluria can be primary (as a result of a genetic defect) or secondary to another disease process.
Type I primary hyperoxaluria (PH1) is associated mutations in the gene encoding AGXT, a key enzyme involved in oxalate metabolism. PH1 is an example of a protein mistargeting disease, wherein AGXT shows a trafficking defect. Instead of being trafficked to peroxisomes, it is targeted to mitochondria, where it is metabolically deficient despite being catalytically active. Type II is associated with GRHPR.
Secondary hyperoxaluria can occur as a complication of jejunoileal bypass, or in a patient who has lost much of the ileum with an intact colon. In these cases, hyperoxaluria is caused by excessive gastrointestinal oxalate absorption.
Excessive intake of oxalate-containing food, such as rhubarb, may also be a cause in rare cases.

## Diagnosis
### Types

The types are the following:
* Primary hyperoxaluria
* Enteric hyperoxaluria
* Idiopathic hyperoxaluria
* Oxalate poisoning

## Treatment

The main therapeutic approach to primary hyperoxaluria is still restricted to symptomatic treatment, i.e. kidney transplantation once the disease has already reached mature or terminal stages. However, through genomics and proteomics approaches, efforts are currently being made to elucidate the kinetics of AGXT folding which has a direct bearing on its targeting to appropriate subcellular localization. A child with primary hyperoxaluria was treated with a liver and kidney transplant. A favorable outcome is more likely if a kidney transplant is complemented by a liver transplant, given the disease originates in the liver.
Secondary hyperoxaluria is much more common than primary hyperoxaluria, and should be treated by limiting dietary oxalate and providing calcium supplementation.

## Controversy

Perhaps the key difficulty in understanding pathogenesis of primary hyperoxaluria, or more specifically, why AGXT ends up in mitochondria instead of peroxisomes, stems from AGXT's somewhat peculiar evolution. Namely, prior to its current peroxysomal 'destiny', AGXT indeed used to be bound to mitochondria. AGXT's peroxisomal targeting sequence is uniquely specific for mammalian species, suggesting the presence of additional peroxisomal targeting information elsewhere in the AGT molecule. As AGXT was redirected to peroxisomes over the course of evolution, it is plausible that its current aberrant localization to mitochondria owes to some hidden molecular signature in AGXT's spatial configuration unmasked by PH1 mutations affecting the AGXT gene.
# Siberia Airport

Siberia Airport Spanish: Aeropuerto Siberia, (ICAO: SCGS) is an airport serving the Arauco forest products plant at Cholguán (es), a town in the Bío Bío Region of Chile.
The runway has an additional 455 metres (1,493 ft) of unpaved overrun on the north end.
The Los Angeles VOR (Ident: MAD) is 21.5 nautical miles (39.8 km) southwest of the airport.
# Ahmadabad, Malayer

Ahmadabad (Persian: احمداباد, also Romanized as Aḩmadābād) is a village in Haram Rud-e Olya Rural District, in the Central District of Malayer County, Hamadan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 26, in 6 families.
# Nong Kula

Nong Kula (Thai: หนองกุลา) is a subdistrict in the Bang Rakam District of Phitsanulok Province, Thailand.

## Geography

Nong Kula lies in the Yom Basin, which is part of the Chao Phraya Watershed.

## Administration

The following is a list of the subdistrict's muban (villages):
| No. | English | Thai |
| 1 | Ban Nong Grap | บ้านหนองกรับ |
| 2 | Ban Nong Phai | บ้านหนองไผ่ |
| 3 | Ban Dong kwang | บ้านดงกวาง |
| 4 | Ban Nong Kula | บ้านหนองกุลา |
| 5 | Ban Nong Luang | บ้านหนองหลวง |
| 6 | Ban Bueng Bon | บ้านบึงบอน |
| 7 | Ban Bueng Jamka | บ้านบึงจำกา |
| 8 | Ban Nong Na | บ้านหนองนา |
| 9 | Ban Nong Takhian | บ้านหนองตะเคียน |
| 10 | Ban Bueng Phing | บ้านบึงพิง |
| 11 | Ban Mai Khlong Jaroen | บ้านใหม่คลองเจริญ |
| 12 | Ban Tha Mai Ngam | บ้านท่าไม้งาม |
| 13 | Ban Nong Phong | บ้านหนองโพง |
| 14 | Ban Nong Pluak | บ้านหนองปลวก |
| 15 | Ban Montian Thong | บ้านมณเฑียรทอง |
| 16 | Ban Huai Nam Yen | บ้านห้วยน้ำเย็น |
| 17 | Ban Pla Yana | บ้านปลายนา |
| 18 | Ban Gor Gang | บ้านเกาะก่าง |
| 19 | Ban Huai Yai | บ้านห้วยใหญ่ |
| 20 | Ban Nong Khot | บ้านหนองคต |
| 21 | Ban Nong Chum Saeng | บ้านหนองชุมแสง |
| 22 | Ban nong kula tai | บ้านหนองกุลาใต้ |
# University of Las Tunas

The University of Las Tunas (Spanish: Universidad de Las Tunas, ULT) is a public university located in Las Tunas, Cuba. It was founded in 2009 and is organized in 4 Faculties.
# Khuna

Khuna (Russian: Хуна; Lak: Хъунайми) is a rural locality (a selo) and the administrative centre of Khuninsky Selsoviet, Laksky District, Republic of Dagestan, Russia. The population was 180 as of 2010.

## Geography

Khuna is located 2 km east of Kumukh (the district's administrative centre) by road, on the right bank of the Khunnikh River. Turtsi and Shuni are the nearest rural localities.

## Nationalities

Laks live there.
# Saghyz (river)

The Saghyz (Kazakh: Сағыз, Sağyz, Russian: Сагиз, Sagiz) is a river of western Kazakhstan. It is 511 kilometres (318 mi) long, and has a drainage basin of 19,400 square kilometres (7,500 sq mi). It ends in a number of salt lakes in the Caspian Depression. The town Saghyz lies on its upper course.