OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Spanish Air and Space Force Honour Squadron

The Air and Space Force Honors Squadron (Spanish: Escuadrilla de Honores del Ejército del Aire y del Espacio) is the ceremonial unit attached to the as an operational component of the Spanish Air and Space Force. The EDHEA part of the Security Group of the Grouping of the General Headquarters and is located at Madrid-Cuatro Vientos Airport.

## History

In March 1991, the Air Force restructured itself with a headquarters and a force support structure. The unit that is now the EDHEA has been represented with different names since: Police and Honors Squadron, 11th Honors Squadron, Honors Squadron and the Police and Honors Squadron. On 23 April 1998, a unit moved to the Getafe Air Base to a formation in Casa de Campo. On 17 May 2005, by order of Ministers of Defence José Bono, the squadron gained as one missions the duty of participating in honor ceremonies. It was thought to be single squadron that would perform in all Air Force ceremonies on Spanish territory.

## Role

The EDHEA's primary role is to render military honors and participate in military parades and ceremonies throughout the national territory. As a secondary role, it carries out security and land defense operations that include the protection of facilities and escort of convoys. It has participated in tactical exercises in various conditions as well as with other Spanish and foreign units (ex. the Pico 2013 exercises). There currently are 120 members of the squadron, whose official motto is "Conoce tu medida" ("Know your measure"). The personnel requirement is that ones height must be more than 1.70 centimeters. Within the EDHEA, there are three sections, as well as a unit known as the "Patrol of Honors", a unit that specializes in exhibition drill in a similar fashion to its counterparts in the United States Air Force Honor Guard. The squadron is an annual participant in the Fiesta Nacional de España military parade on 12 October. Every year, it takes part inbetween 2 and 5 events nationally and internationally.
# Konstantinos Bogdanos

Konstantinos Bogdanos (Greek: Κωνσταντίνος Μπογδάνος, romanized: Konstantínos Bogdános; born 27 December 1979) is a Greek politician and journalist who served as a member of the Hellenic Parliament for the Athens A electoral district from 2019 to 2023. Elected on the New Democracy ticket, he was expelled from the party in October 2021.
He currently leads the Patriotic Force for Change, a national conservative party which he founded on 26 September 2022.

## Early life

Bogdanos was born in Marousi on December 27, 1979. He studied journalism and communication at Panteion University and completed postgraduate studies in philosophy at King's College London. He has undergone further training, attending seminars on economics at the London School of Economics (LSE).

## Media portrayal and ideology

Many media organizations have claimed that he belongs to the far right of the political spectrum. He identifies himself as right-wing, liberal and conservative, rejecting the "far-right" label.
# Kharkiv National Academy of Urban Economy

Kharkiv National University of Urban Economy (Ukrainian: Харківський національний університет міського господарства, Kharkivskiy natsionalniy universitet mis'koho hospodarstva; before 2013 — academy) is a Ukrainian university in Kharkiv, named after Alexei N. Beketov and specializing in urban development studies.

## History

The educational institution was founded in 1922 as the All-Ukrainian College of Municipal Services (Ukrainian: Всеукраїнський технікум комунального господарства). Since 1924 – Faculty of Municipal Services of the Evening Workers' College of National Economy (Ukrainian: Вечірній робочий технікум народного господарства), since 1929 – Faculty of Municipal Services of the Kharkiv Institute of National Economy [uk]. Since 1930 – the Kharkiv Institute of Public Utilities, and since 1935 – the Kharkiv Training School of Public Utilities, which included the Kharkiv Institute of Public Utilities and the College of Sustainable Construction. In 1938 the Kharkiv Institute of Public Utilities was renamed into Kharkiv Institute of Public Construction, and in 1939 – into Kharkiv Institute of Municipal Construction Engineers. In 1941, the Kharkiv Training School of Public Utilities was liquidated, the Kharkiv Institute of Municipal Construction Engineers and the College of Sustainable Construction were separated into separate educational institutions.
In 1952–1959 Major General Mikhail Snegov [uk] was the head of the institute's military department.
In 1989 Kharkiv Institute of Municipal Construction Engineers was renamed into Kharkiv Institute of Municipal Engineers, 1994 – into Kharkiv State Academy of Urban Economy. In 2003, the academy received the status of a national one.
On July 19, 2008, the academy signed the Budapest Open Access Initiative and became its 436th member organization.
In 2013 the Kharkiv State Academy of Urban Economy was renamed into O.M. Beketov Kharkiv State University of Urban Economy.
In 2022, the Housing and Communal College of the university was destroyed by a Russian rocket strike.
In 2023, a new strike destroyed part of the main building.

## Campuses and buildings

The academy has six academic buildings, education and research laboratories, a library with holdings of 882,000 books, a campus with six student hostels, an indoors sports facility with track and field gymnastics, bodybuilding, boxing, oriental martial art facilities and gyms.

## Institutes and faculties

* Academic and Research Institute of Architecture, Design, and Fine Arts
* Academic and Research Institute of Civil Engineering and Utility Systems
* Academic and Research Institute of Economics and Management
* Academic and Research Institute of Energy, Information and Transport Infrastructure
** Department of Automation and Computer Integrated Technologies
* Academic and Research Institute of Doctoral and Postdoctoral Studies
* Faculty for Foreign Students
# Bassel Mashhour

Bassel Mashhour (باسل مشهور, born 30 September 1982) is an Egyptian male water polo player. He was a member of the Egypt men's national water polo team, playing as a driver. He was a part of the team at the 2004 Summer Olympics. On club level he played for Heliopolis in Egypt.
# Denis Smith (footballer, born 1932)

Denis Noel Smith (23 December 1932 – 2004) was an English professional footballer who played as a full-back.
Smith died in North East Lincolnshire in 2004.
# Gabriel Grant

Dr. Gabriel Grant (September 4, 1826 – November 8, 1909) was an American surgeon and Union Army major who was awarded the Medal of Honor for his actions during the Civil War.

## Early life

Gabriel Grant was born in Newark, New Jersey in 1826. His father was Charles Grant, an officer in the War of 1812 and he was a descendant of Robert Treat, one of the Puritan founders of Newark. He attended Williams College, graduating in 1846 with a Masters. He later graduated from the College of Physicians and Surgeons in 1851.

## Career

In 1852, he worked as a surgeon in Panama during the height of the California Gold Rush at a time when hordes of prospectors traveled across the isthmus on their way to the gold fields by sea and organized the American Hospital the following year. While there, he also edited the Panama Herald. He then returned to practice medicine in his hometown of Newark. In 1854, he was part of a special commission set up to fight the cholera epidemic in the city.

### Civil War

With the onset of the Civil War, he joined the 2nd Infantry Regiment of New Jersey Volunteers as a surgeon from June to October 1861. He was then appointed to the U.S. Volunteers before joining the brigade under the command of William French. He won distinction during the Battle of Fair Oaks on June 1, 1862 after he saved multiple soldiers from the front lines. For his actions during the battle, he was awarded him the Medal of Honor on July 21, 1897. His citation reads:
   Removed severely wounded officers and soldiers from the field while under a heavy fire from the enemy, exposing himself beyond the call of duty, thus furnishing an example of most distinguished gallantry.
In February 1863, he was appointed Medical Director of Hospitals in Evanston, Indiana, and was placed in charge of the United States Army Hospital in Madison, Indiana, on September 4 of the same year. He resigned his commission in January 1865 due to a wound he received while operating in the field.
After the war, he was elected as a companion of the New York Commandery of the Military Order of the Loyal Legion of the United States.

## Personal life

Grant married the Caroline Manice in 1864. After the war, they lived in Newark, but soon moved to New York City, where all four of their children (three sons, one daughter) were born. The eldest was the lawyer, eugenicist, and conservationist Madison Grant.
Gabriel Grant died at his home at 22 East 49th Street, Manhattan, New York, at the age of 83. He was survived by his wife and three sons.
# Vladimir Balynetc

Vladimir Balynetc (born 25 April 1985) is a powerlifter from Russia. At the 2012 Summer Paralympics he won a silver medal in the men's 48 kg powerlifting event, lifting 170 kg (375 lb).
In November 2013, he served as one of the torch bearers in Yakutsk for the 2014 Winter Olympics torch relay.

## Awards

* Order of the Polar Star [ru] (2012)
# Dimitra, Grevena

Dimitra (Greek: Δήμητρα, before 1961: Αράπης – Arapis) is a village of the Deskati municipality. Before the 2011 local government reform it was part of the municipality of Chasia. The 2021 census recorded 306 inhabitants in the village. Dimitra is a part of the community of Karpero.
The 1920 Greek census recorded 159 people in the village. Following the Greek–Turkish population exchange, Greek refugee families in Arapis were from Pontus (32) in 1926. The 1928 Greek census recorded 284 village inhabitants. In 1928, the refugee families numbered 32 (113 people).
# Makarios of Pelekete

Makarios the Confessor, Abbot of Pelekete (Greek: Μακάριος, born Christophoros, c. 750 – 18 August 840), was a Byzantine monk and iconodule who is venerated in the Eastern Orthodox Church. He is known for his time as the abbot of Monastery of St John the Theologian of Pelekete, and for his conflict with, and persecution by the iconoclast Emperors Leo V the Armenian, Michael II, and Theophilos.

## Background

Makarios was born in Constantinople around the middle of the eight century. Before he was tonsured, his name was Christophoros. He was orphaned as a young child, and was brought up by his uncle, who encouraged him to marry as early as he was able. Christophoros rejected this proposal, and retreated to an isolated church, whose priest gave him spiritual instruction, and eventually sent him to embrace monasticism at the Monastery of St John the Theologian of Pelekete. Here he was tonsured with the name Makarios, and he soon distinguished himself through obedience and humility. He was eventually made abbot of the monastery, and was confirmed in this office, and ordained, by Tarasius, Patriarch of Constantinople.
Makarios' biographer, who identifies himself as Sabas, claims that Emperor Leo IV promised to raise Makarios to a respectable position in the palace if he became an iconoclast, but Makarios refused. Makarios served as abbot in peace for around 15 years, before Emperor Leo V the Armenian began to enforce iconoclastic policy. The emperor is said to have promised him honours and riches in exchange for the support of his monastery. Makarios replied: "Honours and riches have no value for me. As for the sufferings endured for the true Faith, it is with pleasure that I will submit to all you find for me, and plenty more as well." In response, the emperor subjected him to various tortures, and sent him to prison. He remained imprisoned until the death of Leo V, when he was released by his successor, Michael II the Amorian. He lived for some time with the exiled Patriarch of Constantinople, Nikephoros.
He was eventually sent into exile on the island of Aphousia by Emperor Theophilos, who had renewed the assault on icons. He died there on 18 August 840.
# Symphony (Ran)

The Symphony is a symphony for orchestra by the Israeli-American composer Shulamit Ran. The work was commissioned by the Philadelphia Orchestra under the direction of Riccardo Muti in 1987 and was given its world premiere on October 19, 1990. The piece was awarded the 1991 Pulitzer Prize for Music and took the first place Kennedy Center Friedheim Award that same year. It was composed in a primarily atonal style.
# Denis Thwaites

Denis Thwaites (14 December 1944 – 26 June 2015) was an English professional footballer who made 86 appearances in the Football League for Birmingham City. He represented England at schoolboy and youth level. He played as an outside left.

## Life and career

Thwaites was born and raised in Stockton-on-Tees, County Durham. As a youngster, he was a member of the Stockton Schools team that reached the semifinal of the English Schools' Shield in 1960, represented his county at under-15 level, and played several times for England Schoolboys. In April 1960, he created a goal for Bill Atkinson in a 3–0 defeat of Wales Schools; a few weeks later, the favour was returned in a 5–3 win against the Scottish Schools XI, when "England scored within 30 seconds of the start, the ball flowing sweetly from right to left, for Atkinson's centre to be summarily despatched into the net by Thwaites".
He joined First Division club Birmingham City as a 15-year-old in 1960, and made his first-team debut a year later, standing in for Bertie Auld in a League Cup loss to Swindon Town in September 1961. He also featured for England Youth between 1961 and 1963. He turned professional in May 1962, and played in several First Division matches at the start of the 1962–63 season, displacing Auld from the side. However he was only a first-team regular for an 18-month spell between 1964 and 1966, and suffered badly from nerves while playing. His last appearance for the first team came in the 1970–71 season, and he retired from professional football in 1972 at the relatively young age of 27. He then had a brief stint with the Solihull-based Rover Company's team playing in the Birmingham Works League.
Thwaites was married to Elaine Stanley, a hairdresser. The couple moved to Blackpool where they raised their daughter, Lindsey, and where Thwaites worked as a hospital porter. A nephew, Steve Lilwall, played League football for West Bromwich Albion. While on holiday in Port el Kantaoui, Tunisia, in June 2015, Thwaites and his wife were among those murdered in the Sousse attacks. A minute's silence was held in their memory on 1 August 2015 before Birmingham City's friendly game against Leicester City at St Andrew's.
# Oliver Duff Greene

Oliver Duff (or Davis) Greene (January 25, 1833 – March 19, 1904) was a Union officer who received the Medal of Honor on December 13, 1893, for his action at the Battle of Antietam on September 16, 1862.
Born in Scott, New York, Greene graduated from West Point in 1854, receiving his commission in the artillery. A staff officer for most of his career, he served as Adjutant-General of VI Corps during the Maryland Campaign. A Major at war's end, he was brevetted to brigadier general in March 1865. He received promotions to lieutenant colonel in February 1887, to colonel in July 1892, and retired in January 1897.
Greene was a companion of the California Commandery of the Military Order of the Loyal Legion of the United States.

## Medal of Honor citation

"Formed the columns under heavy fire and put them into position."
# Appenzeller Barthuhn

The Appenzeller Barthuhn is a Swiss breed of bearded chicken originating in the historical Appenzell region of Switzerland. It is one of two chicken breeds from that area, the other being the Appenzeller Spitzhauben; the only other Swiss breed of chicken is the Schweizer.

## History

The Barthuhn was bred from about 1860 in the historical Appenzell region of Switzerland. It may derive, at least in part, from Italiener, Polverara and Russian Bearded stock.$^{:36}$ Much of the breeding was done by a man named Züst in the district of Vorderland in the Canton of Appenzell Ausserrhoden, who hoped that a bearded and rose-combed bird might have a better resistance to frost than other chickens. The breed was recognised in 1898.
A bantam version was bred in the 1990s by E. Meier of Bottenwil, in the Canton of Aargau.
A flock-book was started in 2005; in 2019 the recorded population consisted of 334 hens and 205 cocks.$^{:12}$

## Characteristics

The Barthuhn is a light chicken: hens weigh some 1.6–1.8 kg, cock birds about 2.0–2.3 kg.
It is recognised by the Entente Européenne in three colours: partridge, black and blue-laced; other sources list only the first two colours.$^{:305}$ The Poultry Club of Great Britain allows any colour seen in any breed of game fowl.$^{:41}$
Ring size is 18 mm for cocks and 16 mm for hens.$^{:4}$

## Use

Hens may lay some 150 white-shelled eggs in their first year, with an average weight of 55 g.
# Matcham, New South Wales

Matcham is a semi-rural suburb of the Central Coast region of New South Wales, Australia. It is part of the Central Coast Council local government area and included in the electoral district of Terrigal. It has a hall and a historic church, St. George's Church, established in 1925.

## Origin of the name Matcham

The Matcham Estate was a grant of 2,560 acres to Charles Horatio Nelson Matcham, a nephew of Lord Horatio Nelson, 1st Viscount Nelson. Charles Horatio Matcham came to Sydney in 1828.
Charles Matcham of the Murrumbidgee River was promised the land as a primary grant and authorised to take possession from 18 October 1831. The deed is registered in book 59/129 and is dated 1 January 1840.
He remained at "Bogolong" Murrumbidgee, where he died on 11 March 1844.
The estate passed to his nephew and then through various hands without development until 1907, when George Matcham sold to Frank L Measures of Niagara Park. Between 1907 and 1910, Measures subdivided the estate into various portions, one of them eventually becoming the suburb of nearby Holgate.
Extracted from the Matcham and Holgate Hall News (Matcham Hall).

## Notable people

Notable residents include Peter Sterling.
# Brest, Ig

Brest (pronounced; German: Wröst) is a village in the Municipality of Ig in central Slovenia, just south of the capital Ljubljana. The entire municipality is part of the traditional region of Inner Carniola and is now included in the Central Slovenia Statistical Region.

## Geography

Brest is a ribbon village along the road from Ig to Podpeč in a level area northeast of Tomišelj where the gravelly alluvial plain of the Iška River meets the actual soil of the Ljubljana Marsh. Sandy soil and fields extend to the south in an area known as Peščenke. Marshy meadows lie to the north, where the fields are arranged in beds with drainage canals. Northeast of the settlement, the territory of Brest includes a grove known as Kosler's Thicket (Slovene: Kozlerjeva gošča), named after Peter Kosler.

## Name

Brest was attested in written sources in 1330 as Fraezzen (and as Vrezzen circa 1330 and Brezzt in 1401). The name is derived from the Slovene common noun brest 'elm', referring to the local vegetation.

## History

A dugout canoe belonging to the prehistoric pile-dwellers' culture from the Ljubljana March was discovered in Brest during work in the courtyard of Brest Manor, testifying to early settlement of the area. During the Second World War, Franc Frakelj and the Črna Roka (Black Hand) organization killed local people in the winter of 1943–44 in Kosler's Thicket. A monument was set up in Kosler's Thicket commemorating the events. It stands on the edge of the grove and is made of stone blocks to create a stylized representation of Mount Triglav, and it has a plaque with the names of the victims.

## Brest Manor

Brest Manor (in older sources also Gradič, German: Ebenporten) was built in 1664 by the nobleman Hans Christoph Portner. The structure was recorded by Johann Weikhard von Valvasor under the name Eben-Porthen. The manor house is accentuated by round corner towers. Later the manor passed into the ownership of the Galle family, and then into the hands of the farmer Friderik Švigelj.

## Church

The local church, built on the eastern outskirts of the settlement, is dedicated to Saint Andrew and belongs to the Parish of Tomišelj. It was built in the early 17th century and extensively rebuilt in the early 18th century. The church was dedicated in 1614 by Bishop Thomas Chrön. The complex main altar was added during the renovation in the 18th century. The church's wooden choir loft features an elaborately carved railing.
# Washington Xe-100 reactor site

A number of Xe-100 small modular reactors designed by X-energy are planned to be installed for nuclear electric power production near the Columbia Generating Station in Washington by the 2030s. It would be X-energy's second power plant after one in Texas due to be finished by 2030. The operator will be Energy Northwest, the operator of Columbia Generating Station, the only nuclear power station in the Pacific Northwest.

## Amazon.com involvement

In late October, 2024, Amazon.com announced it would fund construction of four X-Energy reactors at Hanford.

## Opposition

The site is opposed by environmental groups including Columbia River Keeper, and the Oregon Conservancy Foundation who oppose new small modular reactors in general. Columbia River Keeper states that Confederated Tribes of the Umatilla Indian Reservation opposed X-energy's application for a Department of Energy license to operate at the Hanford Site.
# Administrative Committee of Greece (1831)

The Administrative Committee of Greece (Greek: Διοικητική Επιτροπή της Ελλάδος) of 1831 was a committee that was created to temporarily assume the executive powers that had been left vacant with the assassination of Governor Ioannis Kapodistrias. The Committee came into being in December 1831 and was dissolved in February or March 1832.
The Committee was presided by Kapodistrias' brother Augustinos. The other members of the Committee were Theodoros Kolokotronis and Ioannis Kolettis. The Committee was dissolved in March 1832 after Augustinos left to return to Corfu.
On 28 March 1832, a new five-person Administrative Committee was created with Georgios Kountouriotis, Alexander Ypsilantis, Andreas Zaimis, Markos Botsaris, and Spyridon Trikoupis.