OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Perinthos, Kilkis

Perinthos (Greek: Πέρινθος, old name: Greek: Καβακλή Kavakli) is a small village in the community Pedino, in the municipal unit Gallikos, Kilkis regional unit, Greece. The first residents moved there in 1923 from Asia Minor after the Asia Minor destruction in land plots that were allocated by EAP.
Most of the residents originate from the wider region of Raidestos in Eastern Thrace.
The village became the theatre of military conflict during the duration of the Greek civil war, while in the post-war season it accommodated a high of 70 families. The residents were mostly farmers and livestock dealers. The village had a small school (not working) and a church (Holly Cross church) that dates from 1939.
In the early 1950s the village depopulated rapidly due to rising unemployment and increased urbanism to Thessaloniki and other smaller cities. Eventually the village was abandoned.
However, after 15 years the first family moved back into the village and some old residents built holiday homes or took care of the older houses.
Today the village has 15-20 homes, however most residents do not live there permanently. It has a cultural association since 1991 and each year on the 13 September it celebrates its church name (Greek: πανηγύρι), as customary in Greece.
# Darxide

Darxide (stylized as DarXide) is a shoot 'em up video game developed by Frontier Developments and published by Sega for the 32X. It was one of the last releases for the console with only a European release in January 1996. Gameplay is similar to that of Asteroids in three dimensions. Players must destroy a number of space rocks in order to complete each level.
Reception of Darxide was mixed. The game was followed in 2004 by Darxide EMP, an expanded version released for Pocket PCs and Nokia mobile phones.

## Gameplay and development

Darxide is a shoot 'em up game. Players control a space fighter, with a set of instrument panels as a head-up display. There are 10 levels in the game. The premise of the game involves a series of asteroids being mined, with defenses protecting them. The object of the game is to eliminate the defenses and destroy the asteroids. Innocent miners, released off the asteroids, also have to be rescued. The game's plot involves an alien race which wants the mining operations for themselves, and have hidden forces inside some hollowed-out asteroids. Destroying those asteroids releases the enemy forces. Players have an auto-targeting weapon, as well as power-ups available later in the game. Levels are timed by the approach of a blue moon; failure to complete the level on time results in loss of a life.
Elements of the game were influenced by designer David Braben, who had previously worked on Frontier: Elite II. Unlike Elite II, the gameplay was designed to be simpler with more focused objectives. The development team expressed the desire to include a voiced computer in-game, similar to those in science fiction movies. Development of the game was covered by Russian magazine Sega Pro.

## Reception and legacy

Review scores :
| Publication | Score |
| Mega Fun | 63% |
| Video Games (DE) | 72% |
| MAN!AC | 36% |
| Sega Magazin | 82% |
| Sega News | 80% |
| Mean Machines Sega | 79/100 |
Reception to Darxide was mixed. Gus, one of the reviewers for Mean Machines Sega, stated that the gameplay improves and becomes more interesting later into the game, calling the game an homage to Asteroids. Also writing for Mean Machines, reviewer Marcus called the game "a strangely 'empty' experience that fails to excite." Video Games, a German magazine, praised the game's graphics and solid gameplay, but criticized the sound as being of a quality expected for a Mega Drive game. By contrast, German magazine Mega Fun praised the sound and quality of the graphics, but criticized the gameplay for being monotonous and lacking variety.
Darxide was one of the last games to be released for the 32X, and was only released in Europe. It was followed by a port, Darxide EMP, in 2003 for Pocket PC and Nokia S60 mobile phones. Retro Gamer's Mike Bevan commented that Darxide looks impressive given the hardware, though it was made more difficult by the lack of a crosshair on screen. Scott Reed, also of Retro Gamer, commented that the game is "alright", but called the game a collector's item and stated "there's no need to pay nearly a grand for it, either."
# Mahanayim

Mahanayim (Hebrew: מחניים, מַחֲנַיִם) is a kibbutz in northern Israel. Located in the Korazim Plateau, around three kilometres northeast of Rosh Pinna, it falls under the jurisdiction of Upper Galilee Regional Council. In 2022 it had a population of 798.

## History

The land on which Mahanayim stands was purchased in 1892 by the Ahavat Zion (Love of Zion) Hovevei Zion organization, with the aim of establishing a moshava in the area. In 1898 a number of families from Galicia settled in the area, naming it Mahanayim after the biblical city in Gilead, where Jacob stayed before he met again with his brother Esau and saw angels, therefore calling it Mahanayim (camps) of God (Genesis 32:2). However, it was not a success, largely due to the settlers' lack of familiarity with the region, a shortage of money, and a lack of professionalism, resulting in the community disintegrating. The Jewish Colonization Association ran a trial of growing tobacco in the area, but it too was a failure, and the village was abandoned in 1912.
In 1916 a kvutza of Poale Zion members arrived in the area, establishing the first working settlement in the Upper Galilee. According to the 1922 census of Palestine by the British Mandate authorities, Mahanayim had a population of 30 Jews. In the same year it became a moshav, but was abandoned in 1928. The village was established for a third time in 1939 by members of kibbutz "Yodfat" from Safed.
Starting in 1979, the community's metalworks was used by Meir Dagan (later head of the Mossad) as a site to secretly assemble bombs to be used by proxies in the civil war in nearby Lebanon.
* Mahanayim abandoned buildings 1939
* Mahanayim 1940
* Mahanayim 1947
* Convoy from Tiberias in Mahanayim in 1948

## Economy

Kibbutz Mahanayim operates a guesthouse offering alternative medical treatments. A sculpture studio and stained glass workshop on the grounds of the kibbutz are open to guests.
Ben Ya'akov Airport is located to the south of the kibbutz.

## Notable residents

* Israel Tal, IDF commander and pioneer in tank warfare.
* Meir Dagan (later head of the Mossad)
# Friedrich Wilhelm August Mullach

Friedrich Wilhelm August Mullach (Latin: Fridericus Guilelmus Augustus Mullachius; 1807–1882) was a German philologist and Byzantine scholar.

## Life

He was born on January 1, 1807, in Berlin. He taught history and philology at Berlin University. He died on June 8, 1882, in Berlin.

## Legacy

His Fragments of the Greek Philosophers was the first comprehensive collection of the Pre-Socratics. His Grammar of the Greek Vernacular was the standard late 19th-century work on the development of modern Greek. However, Nietzsche, who argued that Democritus's legitimate works should be limited to The Great Diacosmos and On the Nature of the Cosmos, the only two considered genuine by the Byzantine Suda, felt Mullach was "a negligent blockhead".

## Works

Mullach is best remembered for his Fragmenta Philosophorum Graecorum (Fragments of the Greek Philosophers), published by the Didots at Paris between 1860 and 1881.
He also wrote or edited:
* Quaestionum Democritearum specimen, Berlin, 1835. (in Latin)
* Demetrii Zeni Paraphrasis Batrachomyomachiae vulgari Graecorum sermone scripta, Berlin, 1837. (in Latin)
* Grammaire latine à l'usage des classes inférieures et moyennes du Collège Royal Français, Berlin, 1841. (in French)
* Quaestionum Democritearum specimen secundum, Berlin, 1842. (in Latin)
* Democriti Abderitae operum fragment, Berlin, 1843; 2nd ed., 1860. (in Latin)
* Aristotelis de Melisso, Xenophane et Gorgia disputationes, Berlin, 1845. (in Latin)
* Disputatio de Empedoclis prooemio, Berlin, 1850{{citation}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link). (in Latin)
* Coniectaneorum Byzantinorum libri duo, Berlin, 1852{{citation}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link). (in Latin)
* Hieroclis in aureum Pythagoreorum carmen commentarius, Berlin, 1853{{citation}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link). (in Latin)
* Quaestionum Empedoclearum specimen secundum, Berlin, 1853{{citation}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link). (in Latin)
* Grammatik der griechischen Vulgarsprache in historischer Entwicklung [Grammar of the Greek Vernacular in Its Historical Development], Berlin, 1856{{citation}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link). (in German) & (in Greek)
# Tahir Mosque, Koblenz

Tahir Mosque (German: Tahir Moschee) is an Ahmadi Muslim mosque in Koblenz, in the German state of Rhineland-Palatinate.
# Don Tum district

Don Tum (Thai: ดอนตูม, pronounced) is a district (amphoe) in the northern part of Nakhon Pathom province, central Thailand.

## Etymology

The words Don and Tum in Thai mean 'land at a slightly high elevation'. Due to this, the district has never had problems with flooding.

## History

Mueang Tum was an ancient city of the Srivijaya kingdom. The first official district name of this area was Sam Kaeo. Later it was renamed Kamphaeng Saen District.
The minor district (king amphoe) Don Tum was created on 1 January 1966, when seven tambon were split from Kamphaeng Saen District. It was officially upgraded to be a full district on 12 March 1969.

## Geography

Neighboring districts are (from the north clockwise) Bang Len, Nakhon Chai Si, Mueang Nakhon Pathom and Kamphaeng Saen.

## Administration

The district is divided into eight subdistricts (tambons), which are further subdivided into 68 villages (mubans). The township (thesaban tambon) Sam Ngam covers tambon Sam Ngam. Each of the other seven tambon has a tambon administrative organization (TAO).
| No. | Name | Thai name | Villages |
| 1. | Sam Ngam | สามง่าม | 12 |
| 2. | Huai Phra | ห้วยพระ | 8 |
| 3. | Lam Hoei | ลำเหย | 15 |
| 4. | Don Phutsa | ดอนพุทรา | 10 |
| 5. | Ban Luang | บ้านหลวง | 5 |
| 6. | Don Ruak | ดอนรวก | 5 |
| 7. | Huai Duan | ห้วยด้วน | 7 |
| 8. | Lam Luk Bua | ลำลูกบัว | 6 |

## Population

As 2023, Don Tum has a population of about 50,000 people.

## Economy

Most of Don Tum is an agricultural area, but some of the population is engaged in junk trade. Some parts of the profession produce cheap clothes to Pratunam Market, Bangkok.
# Sursock Palace

Sursock Palace (French: Palais Sursock), is a residence located on Rue Sursock in the city of Beirut, Lebanon. The palace, which was completed in 1860 by Moïse Sursock, was owned by Lady Cochrane Sursock, an advocate of preserving historic buildings in Lebanon.
The palace, a symbol of the Sursock family's history, is located on Sursock Street, in the Rmeil district of Beirut. Sursock House is surrounded by gardens. The palace faces the Sursock Museum, a villa from 1912 that was bequeathed to the city of Beirut by Nicolas Sursock and became a museum in 1961. After the Lebanese Civil War, it took 20 years to restore the palace before it reopened in 2010.
It was damaged during the 2020 Beirut explosions, but there are plans to rebuild the palace.
# Whitney Estate

The Whitney Estate was a plantation in Clarendon Parish, Jamaica.
James Hakewill visited the estate during his tour of Jamaica 1820–1. The estate was 3,243 in extent, all of which was fertile. Edward Long wrote: ""The plantation(...) is one of the most celebrated for its fertility. It is a small dale surrounded with rocky hills, and so rich that it produces invariably three hundred hogsheads of sugar per annum, with so little labour upon it, that [the enslaved Africans] multiply sufficiently to keep up their stock, without having recourse to African recruits."
# The Weekly News

The Weekly News was a British national newspaper founded in 1855 and published every Wednesday by the Dundee newspaper chain DC Thomson. Billed as "the paper with the feelgood factor," it contained news and features on a broad range of subjects in six colour-coded sections: That's Real Life, Entertainment, Lifestyle, Puzzles, Short Stories and Sport.
The first Weekly News came out on 12 May 1855, and was a national miscellany news-sheet, primarily for working people or "artisans". It owes its origins, however, to an offshoot of the Dundee-based Northern Warder newspaper just over a year earlier. During the Crimean War, which resulted in the defeat of Russia by British, French and Turkish troops, a Saturday issue of The Warder began to be issued in April 1854 to carry war news. This edition ultimately gave rise to The Weekly News the following year.
Credit for the paper's birth is due to Robert Park who, four years later in 1859, would bring out Dundee's first daily newspaper, The Daily Argus. However, in 1855, Park saw an opening for a paper to serve the working classes on a Saturday. This induced him to publish a Saturday morning version of The Warder, which eventually became The Weekly News, and was the first weekly penny paper in Scotland. It originally had 10 or 12 pages and was roughly the size of today's compact, or tabloid-format, papers.
When W & DC Thomson was formed in 1886, The Weekly News was one of two papers – along with The Dundee Courier – which passed to the Thomsons' ownership from the Alexander family.
The circulation of the paper rose under the guidance of brothers David Couper and Frederick Thomson, from 60,000 in 1886 to 300,000 twenty-five years later.
As its circulation grew, The Weekly News was advertised as the biggest-selling paper in Scotland and also the biggest-selling paper outside London. Eventually, it sold to all parts of the British Isles in thirteen editions.
The paper eventually reached sales of 1.4 million at its peak in the 1970s. It was one of seven titles in DC Thomson history to sell over a million, and fourth in the list behind The Dandy, The Beano and The Sunday Post.
It was announced in April 2020 that the paper would close. The final edition, number 8,600, was published on 30 May 2020, which coincided with the paper's 165th anniversary.
# Amicalola Creek

Amicalola Creek is a stream in the U.S. state of Georgia. It is a tributary to the Etowah River. Amicalola Falls, a tall waterfall on its course, lends its name to Amicalola Falls State Park.
"Amicalola" is a name derived from the Cherokee language meaning "tumbling waters". Many variant names have been recorded, including "Amakalola Creek", "Amicalola River", "Amicolola Creek", "Armacolola Creek", "Armi Caroli Creek", "Armicalola Creek", and "Ummah Caloloke Creek".
# Kingdom of Crooked Mirrors

Kingdom of Crooked Mirrors (Russian: Королевство кривых зеркал, translit. Korolevstvo krivykh zerkal) is a 1963 Soviet fairy tale film directed by Aleksandr Rou based on the novel, Kingdom of Crooked Mirrors [ru], by Vitali Gubarev.
At the end of 2007, Russia TV filmed a musical remake with the same name, featuring stars Nikolay Baskov, Alla Pugacheva, and the Tolmachevy Sisters. The original film contains introduction music and a fairytale style of the early 1960s. It is also notable for its use of actual twins in the leading roles.

## Plot summary

The film centers around an encounter between a girl named Olya and a mysterious counterpart, Yalo, while staring into a mirror. The characters are exact opposites: Yalo is the absolute opposite of Olya in every way. Where Yalo is organized and precise, Olya is careless and absent-minded. In the story, Olya steps through the mirror into the Kingdom of Crooked Mirrors where Yalo resides. The kingdom, under the rule of King Yagupop LXXVII (reverse of Popugay, meaning parrot), produces crooked mirrors that brainwash its people through subtle changes in reality. When Yalo's friend, a boy named Gurd (reverse of Drug, meaning friend), is suddenly imprisoned for refusing to make crooked mirrors by the evil leaders Anidag (reverse of Gadina, meaning snake), Nushrok (reverse of Korshun, meaning kite) and Abazh (reverse of Zhaba, meaning toad), Olya decides to accompany Yalo to rescue him.
They meet a character who introduces herself as Aunt Aksal (reverse of Laska, meaning kindness), one of the king's cooks, who in order to help them reach the king and save Gurd, disguises them as pages of the king. On meeting the king, Anidag, Nushrok, and Abazh reveal themselves to be the actual powers behind the throne. The latter half of the story focuses on their ultimate defeat and the rescue of Gurd with the help of Anidag's humiliated old servant Bar (reverse of Rab, meaning slave), who rebels against his master. The kingdom's mirrors are returned to normal, and its society becomes free. Olya at last returns to her home and lives happily ever after with her grandmother.
It has been suggested the story is directed at the perceived hypocrisy of western nations in attacking the Soviet propaganda machine during the Cold War.

## Cast

* Olga Yukina as Olya
* Tatyana Yukina as Aylo
* Tatyana Barysheva as Grandmother
* Anatoly Kubatsky as King Torrap LXXVII
* Andrei Fajt as Kwah
* Lidiya Vertinskaya as Elitper
* Arkadi Tsinman as Gorg
* Andrei Stapran as Dneirf
* Ivan Kuznetsov as Evals
* Georgi Millyar as Grand Master of ceremonies
* Pavel Pavlenko as Master of ceremonies
* Tamara Nosova as Aunt Lesaew
* Vera Altayskaya as Esuom
* Alexander Khvylya as the royal chef
* Valentin Bryleyev as tambourmajor
# Dizaj-e Jamshid Khan

Dizaj-e Jamshid Khan (Persian: ديزج جمشيد خان) is a village in, and the capital of, Dizaj Rural District of the Central District of Khoy County, West Azerbaijan province, Iran.

## Demographics
### Population

At the time of the 2006 National Census, the village's population was 498 in 102 households. The following census in 2011 counted 485 people in 144 households. The 2016 census measured the population of the village as 387 people in 112 households.
# Isaac Cowie

Isaac Cowie (November 18, 1848 – May 18, 1917) was a Scottish-born Canadian pioneer, fur trader, and politician. He served on the town council of Edmonton. His published memoirs reveal the lifestyle of fur traders and pioneers of the western Canada.

## Biography

Cowie was born in Lerwick, Shetland on November 18, 1848. He spent two years volunteering with the 1st Edinburgh and Shetland Rifles. He attended the University of Edinburgh for one session, studying medicine, but did not complete his education before taking a position with the Hudson's Bay Company and moving to Rupert's Land in Canada.
His first posting was in Fort Qu'Appelle, Saskatchewan, where he stayed until 1874, acting as manager of the post from 1872. In 1873, he dissuaded disgruntled First Nations from raiding the fort by meeting an armed band of them at the fort with two other men, revolvers in hand. For this he was made a justice of the peace.
He was later stationed at Oak Point on Lake Manitoba , Fort McMurray, Alberta, Manitoba House, and Isle à la Crosse. In 1891, he moved to Edmonton to become the first secretary of its Board of Trade. While there, working under Dr Franz Boas, he sent a collection of Cree artifacts to the World's Columbian Exposition; this collection later went to the Field Museum of Natural History in Chicago.
In 1896, Cowie ran for Edmonton's town council as an alderman. He was elected, finishing fourth of eight candidates (the top six were elected). However, he resigned on July 7 of the same year.
In 1901, Cowie moved to Winnipeg, where he commenced writing some memoirs; these were published in 1913 under the name The Company of Adventurers : A Narrative of Seven Years in the Service of the Hudson's Bay Company during 1867-1874.
He was active with the Pioneers of Rupert's Land, a group devoted to the rights of white settlers in Rupert's Land at the time of its transfer to Canada. He was concerned that many of these pioneers did not receive land grants from Canada, and made numerous trips to Ottawa to fight this. Barbara Johnstone, writing in the Manitoba Pageant in 1959,stated that Prime Minister Sir Robert Borden agreed to change the relevant legislation but was defeated by Wilfrid Laurier's Liberals before doing so. (However, this was in error since Arthur Meighen was prime minister after Borden, or she was referring to Tupper who was succeeded by Laurier in 1896.)
Isaac Cowie died of cancer in Winnipeg May 18, 1917.
# Roslyn Litman

Roslyn Litman (September 30, 1928 - October 4, 2016) was an American attorney. In 1966 she negotiated a settlement with the National Basketball Association on behalf of blackballed player Connie Hawkins on the basis of antitrust. In her first appearance before the U.S. Supreme Court in 1989, she successfully argued to remove a nativity scene from display in the Allegheny County courthouse in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.

## Early life and education

Litman was born Eta Roslyn Margolis on Sept. 30, 1928, in Brooklyn, to Ukrainian Jewish immigrants Harry and Dorothy Perlow Margolis. She had an older sister, Ruth. Her father was a clothing salesman and her mother a milliner. Litman attended Erasmus Hall High School. After she had graduated high school, the family moved to Western Pennsylvania.
Litman attended the University of Pittsburgh, where she met her husband-to-be, S. David Litman, who was in law school there. She received a bachelor's degree in 1949, started law school, and graduated in 1952 first in her class. She joined the ACLU while in law school.

## Career

Litman was rejected by major law firms because she was a woman, so she and her husband formed their own firm.
One of Litman's first cases was arguing the right of the American Nazi Party to demonstrate in Pittsburgh.
Litman and her husband, fellow lawyer S. David Litman, sued the National Basketball Association on antitrust grounds in 1966 on behalf of Connie Hawkins. Despite his prodigious skills, Hawkins was blackballed from playing in the NBA because of ill-founded rumors of involvement with gambling while in college. The suit alleged that the NBA refused to allow any team to hire Hawkins, who at the time was playing for the Harlem Globetrotters. The league agreed to a $1.3M settlement in 1969, and Hawkins was signed by the Phoenix Suns. He was later inducted into the Basketball Hall of Fame.
In 1989, Litman successfully argued before the U.S. Supreme Court on behalf of the ACLU of Pennsylvania to remove a nativity scene from display in the Allegheny County courthouse in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. Litman served for some three decades on the ACLU's national board of directors, including as one of the board's five "general counsel."
Litman and other members of a team of lawyers won a settlement of $415M, a record in 1991, from Continental Can Company, which the team had argued had laid off 3000 workers to avoid pension liabilities.

## Personal life

Litman married S. David Litman; the couple had three children, including Harry Litman and Jessica Litman.
Her husband died in 1996. Litman died of pancreatic cancer in Pittsburgh on October 4, 2016. She was 88.