OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# William Reed (Medal of Honor)

William Reed (February 21, 1839 – May 30, 1918) was an American soldier who fought for the Union Army during the American Civil War. He received the Medal of Honor for valor.

## Biography

Reed received the Medal of Honor on December 12, 1895, for his actions at the Battle of Vicksburg on May 22, 1863, while with Company H of the 8th Missouri Volunteer Infantry.

## Medal of Honor citation

Citation:
   The President of the United States of America, in the name of Congress, takes pleasure in presenting the Medal of Honor to Private William Reed, United States Army, for gallantry in the charge of the volunteer storming party on 22 May 1863, while serving with Company H, 8th Missouri Infantry, in action at Vicksburg, Mississippi.
# Fanga, Republic of Bashkortostan

Fanga (Russian: Фанга; Bashkir: Фәнгә, Fängä) is a rural locality (a village) in Kaltyayevsky Selsoviet, Tatyshlinsky District, Bashkortostan, Russia. The population was 2 as of 2010. There is 1 street.

## Geography

Fanga is located 11 km east of Verkhniye Tatyshly (the district's administrative centre) by road. Kaltyayevo is the nearest rural locality.
# Maximiliano Timpanaro

Maximiliano 'Timpa' Timpanaro (born 23 March 1988, in Azul, Buenos Aires Province) is an Argentine footballer who currently plays as a striker for ASD Stintino in Itália.
# Ramjerd-e Yek Rural District

Ramjerd-e Yek Rural District (Persian: دهستان رامجرد يك) is in the Central District of Marvdasht County, Fars province, Iran. Its capital is the village of Kuh Sabz.

## Demographics
### Population

At the time of the 2006 National Census, the rural district's population was 10,138 in 2,254 households. There were 9,904 inhabitants in 2,656 households at the following census of 2011. The 2016 census measured the population of the rural district as 9,994 in 2,905 households. The most populous of its 58 villages was Kuh Sabz, with 2,871 people.
# Marcel Bouyer

Marcel Bouyer (1 July 1920 – 9 August 2000) was a French politician. He served as a member of the National Assembly from 1956 to 1958, representing Charente-Maritime.

## Early life

Marcel Bouyer was born on 1 July 1920 in Royan, France.

## Career

Bouyer worked as a pastry chef in Royan. He volunteered to serve in the French Army during World War II.
Bouyer joined the Union for the Defense of Tradesmen and Artisans. He served as a member of the National Assembly from 1956 to 1958, representing Charente-Maritime. He was a proponent of French Algeria.

## Death

Bouyer died on 9 August 2000 in Vaux-sur-Mer, France.
# Grenchen Airport

Grenchen Airport (ICAO: LSZG) is an airport serving Grenchen, a municipality in the district of Lebern in the canton of Solothurn in Switzerland.

## Facilities

The aerodrome resides at an elevation of 1,411 feet (430 m) above mean sea level. It has one asphalt paved runway designated 06C/24C which measures 1,000 by 23 metres (3,281 ft × 75 ft) and two grass runways: 06R/24L is 700 by 20 metres (2,297 ft × 66 ft) and 06L/24R is 500 by 30 metres (1,640 ft × 98 ft).
# Alan Golder

Alan William Golder (born August 9, 1955), also known as the "Dinnertime Bandit", is an American burglar who specialized in stealing jewellery from mansions, while their owners were inside their residences eating dinner.
Golder grew up in Lynbrook, New York, where his criminal career began at an early age, first stealing bicycles, then robbing stores. In 1978, an accomplice of Golder's killed Lawrence Lever during a robbery; Golder was subsequently arrested and served 15 years in prison, after cooperating with police and naming other criminals, including members of the Genovese crime family. During his time in prison, he sold an alleged autobiographical story to Paramount Pictures for $25,000, claiming to have robbed numerous celebrities; however his attorney claims he fabricated much of it. Released in 1996, Golder resumed burglary almost immediately. In 1998 he fled to Europe after being named in a warrant, where he is suspected to have continued committing burglaries.
Arrested in Antwerp, Belgium on December 14, 2006, Golder was extradited to the US in 2007 and was charged with 40 counts of burglary. Golder was convicted in Connecticut in August 2008, on 2 counts of burglary, a kidnapping charge and a larceny charge; the kidnapping charge was due to Golder having tied up a woman during a burglary. He was subsequently sentenced to 15 years in prison.
# Roman Catholic Diocese of Luoyang

The Roman Catholic Diocese of Luoyang/Loyang (Latin: Loiamen(sis), Chinese: 洛陽) is a diocese located in the city of Luoyang in the ecclesiastical province of Kaifeng in China.

## History

* May 25, 1929: Established as Apostolic Prefecture of Luoyang 洛陽 from the Apostolic Vicariate of Zhengzhou 鄭州
* January 28, 1935: Promoted as Apostolic Vicariate of Luoyang 洛陽
* April 11, 1946: Promoted as Diocese of Luoyang 洛陽

## Leadership

* Bishops of Luoyang 洛陽 (Roman rite)
** Bishop Peter Li Hong-ye (1988 - 2011)
** Bishop Assuero Teogano Bassi, S.X. (巴友仁) (April 11, 1946 – November 8, 1970)
* Vicars Apostolic of Luoyang 洛陽 (Roman Rite)
** Bishop Assuero Teogano Bassi, S.X. (巴友仁) (January 28, 1935 – April 11, 1946)
* Prefects Apostolic of Luoyang 洛陽 (Roman Rite)
** Fr. Assuero Teogano Bassi, S.X. (巴友仁) (later Bishop) (January 9, 1930 – January 28, 1935)
# Alta Church

Alta Church (Norwegian: Alta kirke) is a parish church of the Church of Norway in Alta Municipality in Finnmark county, Norway. It is located in the Bossekop area in the town of Alta. It is one of the churches for the Alta parish which is part of the Alta prosti (deanery) in the Diocese of Nord-Hålogaland. The white, wooden church was built in a long church style in 1858 using plans drawn up by the architect Stephen Henry Thomas. The church seats about 230 people.

## History

The first church built in Alta was the present building which was completed in 1858. The building was consecrated by the Bishop Knud Gislesen. The church was heavily damaged by the retreating German army in 1944 near the end of World War II. The church benches were burned, the windows were broken, and the electrical system was ruined. After the war, the church was renovated and restored in 1946-1948. The work was led by architect Kirsten Sjøgren-Erichsen. In 1968, electric heating was installed in the church. This church was the main church for the municipality until 2013 when the Northern Lights Cathedral was built as the new main church for the municipality and deanery.
# Charles A. Reeder

Charles Avery Reeder (November 20, 1843 – September 28, 1902) was an American soldier who fought for the Union Army during the American Civil War. He received the Medal of Honor for valor.

## Biography

Reeder received the Medal of Honor in April 3, 1867 for his actions at Fort Gregg during the Third Battle of Petersburg on April 2, 1865 while with Company G of the 12th West Virginia Volunteer Infantry Regiment.

## Medal of Honor citation

Citation:
   The President of the United States of America, in the name of Congress, takes pleasure in presenting the Medal of Honor to Private Charles A. Reeder, United States Army, for extraordinary heroism on 2 April 1865, while serving with Company G, 12th West Virginia Infantry, in action at Petersburg (Battery Gregg), Virginia, for capture of flag.
# Gachi, Lorestan

Gachi (Persian: گچي, also Romanized as Gachī; also known as Garchī) is a village in Miyankuh-e Sharqi Rural District, Mamulan District, Pol-e Dokhtar County, Lorestan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 51, in 9 families.
# W. T. Reid

William Thomas Reid (November 8, 1843 – December 17, 1922) was an American educator who served as the fourth president of the University of California from 1881 to 1885.

## Early life

Reid was born on November 8, 1843, on a farm outside Jacksonville, Illinois. He entered Illinois College in 1859 but left in 1861 to join the Union Army. He served until the end of the war as a member of the 68th Illinois Infantry Regiment and later as the commander of the prison camp in Alexandria, Virginia. He graduated from Harvard College in 1868 and Harvard University in 1872. On August 16, 1870, he married Julia Reed in Jacksonville, Illinois.

## Career

From 1868 to 1871, Reid was the headmaster of Newport High School in Newport, Rhode Island. He then served as first assistant to the headmaster of the Boston Latin School. From 1873 to 1875 he was the superintendent of schools in Brookline, Massachusetts.
In 1875, Reid moved to California, where he served as the headmaster of the Boys' High School in San Francisco. From 1881 to 1885, Reid was president of the University of California. Soon after Reid took office, written entrance examinations replaced oral tests and the scope of the examinations for literary and science courses were expanded. Examinations were in Los Angeles and Marysville, California, so students could take the tests without having to travel all the way to Berkeley, California. During Reid's tenure, the University hired noted professors George Herbert Palmer and Josiah Royce. In 1885, Reid founded the Belmont School in Belmont, California. In 1893 it merged with the Hopkins Academy to form the Belmont School, W. T. Reid Foundation. He retired in 1918.

## Death

Reid died at his home in Berkeley on December 17, 1922. He was survived by his son, Harvard football coach William Thomas Reid Jr.
# Granitsiotis

The Granitsiotis (Greek: Γρανιτσιώτης) is a river in northwestern Evrytania, Greece. It is a tributary of the Acheloos. It flows through the village Granitsa.
# Bokson

Bokson (Russian: Боксон) is a rural locality (a settlement) in Okinsky District, Republic of Buryatia, Russia. The population was 122 as of 2010. There are 10 streets.

## Geography

Bokson is located 66 km southeast of Orlik (the district's administrative centre) by road. Sorok is the nearest rural locality.
# Marown

Marown (/məˈraʊn/ mə-ROWN, rhymes with "gown"; Manx: Marooney) is one of the seventeen historic parishes of the Isle of Man. It is the only landlocked parish on the Island.
It is located in the centre of the island, in the sheading of Middle, though historically, from 1796 until 1986, it was in the sheading of Glenfaba.
Settlements in the parish include Braaid, Crosby and Glen Vine.

## Local government

For the purposes of local government, the whole of the historic parish forms a single parish district with Commissioners.
Although Marown lies east of the watershed and is currently in the sheading of Middle, it is also grouped for various local government purposes with the west of the island: it falls under the aegis of the Peel and Western District Housing Committee, Western Traffic Management Group, Western Neighbourhood Policing etc.
The Captain of the Parish (since 2001) is Charles Fargher MBE.

## Politics

Marown parish is part of the Middle constituency, which elects two Members to the House of Keys. Before 1986 it was in the Glenfaba constituency.

## Geography

Marown has an area of about 9 square miles (23 km$^2$) and is the only landlocked parish on the island. The River Dhoo flows through the parish.

## Churches, education, historic buildings

The Church of England parish church is St Runius church in Glen Vine. The old St Runius Church is in Crosby. and St Luke's church. Crosby has a Methodist chapel.
The parish primary school, Marown Primary School, was built in the 1980s, and is located in Glen Vine. The school was expanded in 2001.
Marown Language Centre (Manx: Yn Ynnyd Çhengey), a foreign language teaching facility and training centre for teachers on the island, is located in Crosby, close to the Old St Runius Church (dedicated to St Runius or Rónán). The name of the parish is derived from this saint (cf Malew).
Historic homes in the parish include Ellerslie Manor, Ballacotch Manor and Ballavagher House.

## Roads and footpaths

The Millennium Way long distance footpath runs through the parish, as does the Heritage Trail, which follows the old Peel to Douglas railway line. The Snaefell Mountain Course also runs through the parish.

## Demographics

The Isle of Man census of 2016 returned a parish population of 2,246, a decrease of 2.9% from the figure of 2,311 in 2011.

## Sport

Marown A.F.C. is a football club who compete in the Isle of Man Football League. They play their home games at the Memorial Playing Fields in Crosby. The village also has the Crosby Cricket Club who play on the same site. They were founded in 1946 and are members of the Isle of Man Cricket Association. The parish also has Marown Badminton Club based in Glen Vine, who are members of the Isle of Man Badminton Association, Marown Hockey Club and Marown Bowling Club.
# Asbhar-e Olya

Asbhar-e Olya (Persian: اسبهارعليا, also Romanized as Asbhār-e ‘Olyā; also known as Asbhār-e Bālā) is a village in Mulan Rural District, in the Central District of Kaleybar County, East Azerbaijan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 156, in 27 families.
# Japanese Automotive Standards Organization

The Japanese Automotive Standards Organization (日本自動車規格 (Nihon Jidōsha Kikaku, JASO)) is an organization that sets automotive standards in Japan, similar to the Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE) in the United States. JASO establishes standards for various types of engine oil, including the highest grade for two-stroke engines, which is JASO FD, and JASO MA for four-stroke engines, such as those found in motorcycles.
JASO is a part of the Society of Automotive Engineers of Japan (財団法人自動車技術会, Zaidan-hōjin Jidōsha Gijutsukai, JSAE).

## Classifications

It stipulates the lubricating oil requirements for 2-stroke gasoline engines, such as those used in motorcycles, general-purpose machines, and outboard motors, and was established in 1994. For 2-stroke oil, lubricity, cleanliness, exhaust smoke, and exhaust system blockage are evaluated using the test methods specified in JASO M 340, M 341, M 342, and M 343, resulting in the grades FB, FC, and FD. FA has been abolished. The performance classifications are as follows:
* FA: Minimum performance for a 2-stroke engine.
* FB: Superior lubricity and cleanliness compared to FA.
* FC: Low smoke with excellent performance in reducing exhaust smoke and system blockage compared to FB.
* FD: Enhanced cleaning performance at high engine temperatures compared to FC.
Additionally, FB, FC, and FD are adopted as EGB, EGC, and EGD, respectively, in ISO standards.
# ÇNAEM

The Çekmece Nuclear Research and Training Center (Turkish: Çekmece Nükleer Araştırma ve Eğitim Merkezi), known as ÇNAEM, is the primary nuclear research and training center of Turkey. The organization was established on March 6, 1958 as a subunit of Turkish Atomic Energy Administration (Turkish: Türkiye Atom Enerjisi Kurumu, TAEK) at Küçükçekmece district in the west of Istanbul. The organization's name was coined on August 12, 1960 in conjunction with its location.
The groundbreaking of the facility at the eastern shore of Lake Küçükçekmece to house the country's first nuclear research reactor was held in 1959. After completion of the construction and the start of the operation of the research reactor, the official opening of the center took place on May 27, 1962 in the presence of President Cemal Gürsel.
The center is directed by Ass. Prof. Dr. Gürsel Karahan.

## Organization

The acquired valuable knowledge and experience at the institution led in 2010 to the reorganization of ÇNAEM. The six main service divisions newly established are:

### Nuclear Technics Division

Application of nuclear technics in industry, medicine and research such as non-destructive (NDT)tests, radiopharmasotics.

### Nuclear Electronics Division

Production and calibration of radiation monitors, radioactive measurement devices etc. Calibration of ionizing radiation gauges and dosimeters in the industry, medicine and security, as well as for scientific purposes.

### Nuclear Technology Division

Research and operation of research reactor, reactor materials in compliance with international and national regulations for nuclear safety, particularly IAEA safeguards and subsidiary agreements.

### Radioactivity Analysis and Analytics Division

Radioactivity analysis of all food, liquid, construction materials etc. Soil and water analysis for environmental purposes.

### Waste Management Division

Operation of Cekmece low level radioactive waste processing and storage facility (CWPSF). R&D activities in low and high level nuclear wastes, processing and shielding materials. Implementation of national waste management programme.

### Health Physics Division

Radiation Protection, controlling before licensing and radiobiological application.

## Research reactor TR-1

The pool-type reactor having a capacity of 1 MW that was named TR-1, achieved criticality on January 6, 1962 at 19:14 local time.
After serving 15-year long for the production of radioisotopes and the neutronics experiments with the help of beam tubes, the TR-1 was shut down on September 9, 1977 as its capacity became insufficient.

## Research reactor TR-2

Due to increased demand in the 1970s on nuclear research and radioisotopes in the country, the installation of a second nuclear research reactor with higher capacity was projected for the production of radioisotopes only. The reactor with an output capacity of 5 MW, called TR-2, went into service in the same building and the existing pool after becoming criticality in December 1981. The reactor started radioisotope production in 1984.
# Casanova Lerrone

Casanova Lerrone (Ligurian: Casanêuva) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Savona in the Italian region Liguria, located about 80 kilometres (50 mi) southwest of Genoa and about 45 kilometres (28 mi) southwest of Savona.
Casanova Lerrone borders the following municipalities: Borghetto d'Arroscia, Cesio, Garlenda, Onzo, Ortovero, Ranzo, Stellanello, Testico, Vessalico, and Villanova d'Albenga.
# Zarboneh

Zarboneh (Persian: زربنه; also known as Zarrowboneh) is a village in Posht-e Arbaba Rural District, Alut District, Baneh County, Kurdistan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 144, in 26 families. The village is populated by Kurds.
# Bang Chan, Bangkok

Bang Chan (Thai: บางชัน, pronounced) is a khwaeng (subdistrict) of Khlong Sam Wa district, in Bangkok, Thailand. In 2020, it had a total population of 88,936 people.
# Alijuq

Alijuq (Persian: عليجوق, also Romanized as ‘Alījūq) is a village in Tork-e Gharbi Rural District, Jowkar District, Malayer County, Hamadan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 171, in 44 families. The common language of this village is Kurdish and people speak Kurdish in their daily work.
# Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Santiago de los Caballeros

The Roman Catholic Metropolitan Archdiocese of Santiago de los Caballeros (Latin: Archidioecesis Metropolitae Sancti Iacobi Equitum) is a Latin Rite Metropolitan Archdiocese in the Dominican Republic.

## History

* Established on 25 September 1953 as the Diocese of Santiago de los Caballeros / Sancti Iacobi Equitum (Latin adjective), on territory split off from Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Santo Domingo
* Lost territories on 1978-01-16 to establish two suffragan daughters, Diocese of Mao–Monte Cristi and Diocese of San Francisco de Macorís
* Promoted on 14 February 1994 as Metropolitan Archdiocese of Santiago de los Caballeros / Sancti Iacobi Equitum (Latin)
* Lost territory again on 1996-12-16 to establish another suffragan daughter, the Diocese of Puerto Plata.

## Statistics

As per 2014, it pastorally served 1,118,000 Catholics (83.7% of 1,336,000 total) on 3,633 km² in 89 parishes and 17 missions with 125 priests (74 diocesan, 51 religious), 132 deacons, 350 lay religious (136 brothers, 214 sisters) and 37 seminarians.

## Ecclesiastical province

The Metropolitan has the following suffragan sees :
* Roman Catholic Diocese of La Vega
* Roman Catholic Diocese of Mao-Monte Cristi
* Roman Catholic Diocese of Puerto Plata
* Roman Catholic Diocese of San Francisco de Macorís.

## Bishops

(all Roman Rite)

### Episcopal ordinaries
#### Suffragan Bishops of Santiago de los Caballeros

* Apostolic Administrator Octavio Antonio Beras Rojas (1953 – 1956-07-22) while Titular Archbishop of Euchaitæ (1945-05-02 – 1961-12-10) and Coadjutor Archbishop of Santo Domingo (Dominican Republic) (1945-05-02 – 1961-12-10)
* Hugo Eduardo Polanco Brito (1956-07-22 – 1966-03-14)
* Roque Antonio Adames Rodríguez (1966.03.14 – 1992-04-22)
** Auxiliary bishop Jesús María de Jesús Moya (1977-04-13 – 1984-04-20)
* Juan Antonio Flores Santana (1992-07-13 – 1994-02-14 see below)

#### Metropolitan Archbishops of Santiago de los Caballeros

* Juan Antonio Flores Santana (see above 1994-02-14 - 2003-07-16)
** Auxiliary bishop Diómedes Espinal de León (2000-04-20 – 2006.05-24)
* Ramón Benito de La Rosa y Carpio (2003-07-16 – 2015-02-23)
* Freddy Antonio de Jesús Bretón Martinez (2015-02-23 – ...)
** Auxiliary bishop Valentin Reynoso Hidalgo, (M.S.C.), (2007-10-22 – ...) Titular Bishop of Mades
** Auxiliary Bishop Carlos Tomás Morel Diplán, (2016-12-14 – ...) Titular Bishop of Capo della Foresta
* Héctor Rafael Rodríguez Rodríguez, (2023 - present)

### Auxiliary bishops

* Hugo Eduardo Polanco Brito (1953-1956), appointed Bishop here
* Jesús María de Jesús Moya (1977-1984), appointed Bishop of San Francisco de Macorís
* Diómedes Espinal de León(2000-2006), appointed Bishop of Mao-Monte Cristi
* Valentín Reynoso Hidalgo, M.S.C. (2007-2018)
* Carlos Tomás Morel Diplán (2016- )

### Other priests of this diocese who became bishops

* Gregorio Nicanor Peña Rodríguez, appointed Bishop of Puerto Plata in 1996
* José Amable Durán Tineo, appointed auxiliary bishop of Santo Domingo in 2020
# Roman Catholic Diocese of Ituiutaba

The Roman Catholic Diocese of Ituiutaba (Latin: Dioecesis Ituiutabensis) is a diocese located in the city of Ituiutaba in the ecclesiastical province of Uberaba in Brazil.

## History

* 16 October 1982: Established as Diocese of Ituiutaba from the Metropolitan Archdiocese of Uberaba and Diocese of Uberlândia

## Bishops

* Bishops of Ituiutaba (Roman rite)
** Bishop Aloísio Roque Oppermann, S.C.J. (1983.01.22 – 1988.11.09), appointed Coadjutor Bishop of Campanha, Minas Gerais; future Archbishop
** Bishop Paulo Sérgio Machado (1989.09.24 – 2006.11.22), appointed Bishop of São Carlos, São Paulo
** Bishop Francisco Carlos da Silva (2007.09.19 – 2015.09.30), appointed Bishop of Lins, São Paulo
** Bishop Irineu Andreassa, O.F.M. (2016.11.30 - present)

### Another priest of this diocese who became bishop

* João Gilberto de Moura, appointed Bishop of Jardim, Mato Grosso do Sul in 2013
# Bhoun, Rawalpindi

Bhoun (Urdu: بھون) is a town in Kahuta Tehsil of Rawalpindi District, Punjab, Pakistan. Bhoun Qasba is situated 14 kilometers away and East from Tehsil Kahuta. The town has a population of 4,500 (approximately). Inhabitants of Bhoun speak Potohari. The Potohari culture, which prevails throughout the Tehsil Kahutta, arose from this region. The native dress of the town residents is Shalwar Kameez.
Clean drinking water is not available since water supply lines are not within reach of the town. Instead, residents have wells in their homes. Community wells are also available.
One primary school is available in the town and most children and young people travel to other areas for education. The town's literacy rate is improving.
The area has traditionally relied upon agriculture for employment due to local fertile soil. Wheat and corn crops were planted and produced in large amounts. The local major source of occupation is no longer farming, following technical education initiatives which have resulted in locals working in increasing numbers for the government and private organisations.
The Mainhtob Shrine is also located in the proximity of the town and is visited by locals frequently.