OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Fragrance lamp

Also known as a "perfume lamp", "effusion lamp," or "catalytic lamp", a fragrance lamp is a lamp that disperses scented alcohol using a catalytic combustion wick consisting of a cotton wick threaded through a natural, porous stone. The catalytic combustion wick was developed and patented by Maurice Berger, a French pharmaceutical dispenser, in 1898 as a means of purifying the air in hospitals and mortuaries. It is claimed that this catalytic oxidation process destroys bacteria in the air and increases oxygen levels.
The fragrance lamp's process is initiated by igniting the stone burner seated at the mouth of the lamp. After two minutes the flame is extinguished by blowing it out. The heated burner remains active as the flame-less catalytic combustion process and diffuses the combusted alcohol and any added aromatics throughout the room. The lamp does not operate with an open flame, making it much safer to operate than scented candles. Its lower operating temperature also means that, unlike scented candles, the aromatics are diffused very efficiently into the ambient air without being burned.

## Hazard warning

The original Berger lamp used methyl alcohol, while modern lamps use isopropyl alcohol (90% or more). Perfumes or essential oils may be added. To start the catalytic process it is necessary to allow the wick to thoroughly absorb the fuel and then to light the catalytic burner with a flame and let it burn for approximately two minutes until the catalytic stone reaches the correct operating temperature. At this point the flame should be extinguished in order for the oil to be diffused through the catalytic process. Precautions should be taken to avoid any possible hazards:
* Make sure the fuel container is in perfect condition, perfectly tight and not leaking.
* When not in use, make sure the airtight cap is on at all times to prevent evaporation (alcohol vapour/air mixture is highly flammable).
* Do not leave unattended during operation.
* Do not use in an unventilated room.
* Do not inhale, ingest, or use the lamp fuel in any other manner.
* Take extreme caution while refilling the fragrance lamp. Make sure there is ventilation, and that there is no open flame.
* In case of any spillage, wipe the area carefully before lighting the lamp.
* Do not fill lamps on wooden furniture or use a lamp without a dish underneath it. The fuel will damage furniture.
# USNS Mount Baker

USNS Mount Baker (T-AE-34) was the seventh of eight Kilauea-class ammunition ships. She served in the United States Navy from 1972 to 1996 and with the Military Sealift Command from 1996 to 2010. She was scrapped in 2012.

## History

She is the second U.S. Navy ship to bear the name, and is named for Mount Baker, a 10,781-foot volcano in the Cascade Range of Washington. Ammunition ships operated by Military Sealift Command provide logistic support to US Navy ships at sea.

### USS Mount Baker (AE-34)

Mount Baker was built by Ingalls Shipbuilding, Pascagoula, Mississippi. She was commissioned 22 July 1972 as USS Mount Baker (AE-34) and entered service with the Atlantic Fleet.
In 1976, the Chief of Naval Operations authorized the testing of the LAMPS MK III System aboard her flight deck. Later that year, Mount Baker gave support to rescue operations of the Navy's nuclear-powered submersible (NR-1). In 1977, she was awarded the Battle E as the best ammunition ship in the Atlantic Fleet.

### USNS Mount Baker (T-AE-34)

On 18 December 1996, Mount Baker decommissioned and was placed in service with the Military Sealift Command. The ship's designation was changed to T-AE-34. Previously, she provided ammunition onload and offload support to U.S. Navy ships operating in the Atlantic and Indian Oceans and the Mediterranean.
On 20 July 2009, the Navy announced that the ship would be inactivated on 2 August 2010. She was laid up at the Naval Inactive Ship Maintenance Facility in Philadelphia, PA, waiting to be sunk as a target, but she was apparently sold for scrapping c. June 2012 and towed to Brownsville, Texas, for dismantling, circa 7 July 2012.
# Wind Quintet No. 4 (Perle)

Wind Quintet IV (1984–85) is George Perle's (1915–2009) fourth wind quintet. He was awarded the 1986 Pulitzer Prize for Music for the piece.
It was commissioned by the Dorian Wind Quintet, who gave the first performance of the work at Merkin Concert Hall on October 2, 1985.

## Structure

The work is in four Movements:
* Invention
* Scherzo
* Pastorale
* Finale

## Sources

* ↑ Kozinn, Allan (January 24, 2009). "George Perle, a Composer and Theorist, Dies at 93", New York Times.
* ↑ Heinz Dietrich Fischer (2010). The Pulitzer Prize winners for music: composer biographies, premiere programs and jury reports, p.184-185. ISBN 978-3-631-59608-1.
* ↑ Elizabeth A. Brennan, Elizabeth C. Clarage (1999). Who's who of Pulitzer Prize winners, p.444. ISBN 978-1-57356-111-2.
# Graham Nesbitt

Graham Nesbitt (born 18 February 1983 in Plymouth, Devon, England) is a professional British basketball player, and currently plays for the Plymouth Raiders in the British Basketball League.
Nesbitt spent a few years overseas in the United States with the foreign exchange program. He lived in Lebo, Kansas and played his senior year of high school basketball as a Lebo Wolf. Also played tennis at ICC in Independence, Kansas.
The 6-foot 5 forward attended Indiana University-Purdue University Fort Wayne and, following a brief spell in 2003/04 with Solent Stars, is now in his rookie season as a professional basketball player with his hometown team the Plymouth Raiders.
# Syed Mumtaz Ali Shah

Syed Mumtaz Ali Shah (Urdu: سید ممتاز علی شاہ; 11 March 1933 – 31 May 2024) was a Pakistani actor who worked in many Pashto dramas.

## Life and career

Shah was born on 11 March 1933. He matriculated in 1948 at the Islamia Collegiate School, Peshawar. He served as a refugee village administrator in the commissionerate for Afghan refugees. He was attached to Radio Pakistan since 1948. He participated in the inaugural drama on Pakistan Television, namely Chaklala, in 1969.
In interviews he related the story of his first participation in a radio drama. He had just two lines in the drama about passing a pipe (chelam) to an elder.
Shah died on 31 May 2024, at the age of 91.

## Videography

| Serial | Channel | Language | Year |
| Namoos | PTV | Pashto & Urdu | |
| Sahar | Radio Pakistan | Pashto | |
| Teendak | | Pashto | |
| Chagha | | Pashto | |
| Janan | PTV | Pashto | |
| Zanjeerayn | | Urdu | |
| Rokhana Teare | | Pashto | |
| Shor | | Pashto | |
| Patkay | | Pashto | |
| Wrake Laare | | Pashto | |
| Kaglechuna | AVT Khyber | Pashto | 2013 |
# Qezelabad, Qom

Qezelabad (Persian: قزل اباد, also Romanized as Qezelābād) is a village in Jafarabad Rural District, Jafarabad District, Qom County, Qom Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 111, in 22 families.
# Columbine (album)

Columbine is the debut studio album by Danish singer-songwriter Aura Dione. It was released on 28 January 2008 in Denmark by Music for Dreams, and in Germany on 27 November 2009 by Island Records. The German edition includes the number-one single "I Will Love You Monday (365)", "Stay the Same" and "Lulla Goodbye", which did not feature on the original Danish release. A video was shot for the song "Glass Bone Crash". It was released on 8 December 2009.
The album peaked at number three in Denmark, where it has also been certified with Gold by IFPI for sales exceeding 15,000.

## Track listings
### Standard edition

All tracks are written by Aura Dione, except where noted
# Demir-Kapu

Demir-Kapu (Ukrainian: Демір-Капу, Crimean Tatar: Demir Qapı) is the second highest mountain in Crimea. Its height stands 1540 meters above sea level.
# Windows (Druckman)

Windows is a one-movement orchestral composition written by Jacob Druckman in 1972. It won the Pulitzer Prize for Music in the same year. Windows was commissioned by the Serge Koussevitzky Music Foundation for conductor Bruno Maderna and the Chicago Symphony Orchestra and is dedicated to conductor Serge Koussevitzky and his wife Natalie.
Druckman himself explained the name of the composition as follows:
   The 'Windows' of the title are windows inward. They are points of light which appear as the thick orchestral textures part, allowing us to hear, fleetingly, moments out of time – memories, not of any music that ever existed before, but memories of memories, shadows of ghosts. The imagery is as though, having looked at an unpeopled wall of windows, one looks away and sees the afterimage of a face.
Much of the work involves the use of aleatoric processes, similar to those associated with Witold Lutosławski. Windows was originally going to share a program with Claude Debussy's Jeux when it was premiered and Druckman wanted to pay homage to Debussy.
A typical performance of the piece lasts about 20 minutes.

## Instrumentation

The work is written for an orchestra with the following instrumentation.
# Esteban Mascareña

Esteban Damián Mascareña Sánchez (born 12 July 1995) is a Uruguayan professional footballer who plays as a centre-back.

## Club career

Mascareña started his career playing with River Plate. He made his professional debut during the 2015–16 season.
# Reginald of Piperno

Reginald of Piperno (or Reginald of Priverno) was an Italian Dominican, theologian and companion of Thomas Aquinas.

## Biography

Reginald was born at Piperno about 1230. Since 1927 this town of the Lazio region in central Italy is Priverno. He entered the Dominican Order at Naples. Thomas Aquinas chose him as his socius and confessor at Rome about 1265. From that time Reginald was Aquinas's constant and intimate companion.
By November 1268 Aquinas had completed his tenure at the Santa Sabina studium provinciale, the forerunner of the studium generale at Santa Maria sopra Minerva which would be transformed in the 16th century into the College of Saint Thomas (Latin: Collegium Divi Thomæ), and then in the 20th century into the Pontifical University of Saint Thomas Aquinas, Angelicum. Reginald was with Aquinas and Nicholas Brunacci [1240-1322], Aquinas' student from Santa Sabina as they left Viterbo on their way to Paris to begin the academic year.
Aquinas dedicated several of his works to Reginald.
In 1272 Reginald began to teach with Aquinas at Naples. He attended at Aquinas's death-bed, received his general confession, and pronounced the funeral oration in 1274. He returned to Naples, and probably succeeded to the chair of his master. He died about 1290.
Reginald's testimony is continually cited in the process of Aquinas's canonization.

## Writings

Reginald collected all the works of Aquinas. Four of the Opuscula ('small works') are reports he made of lectures delivered by the Saint, either taken down during the lecture or afterwards written out from memory. These are: Postilla super Joannem (corrected by St. Thomas), Postillae super Epistolas S. Pauli, Postilla super Tres Nocturnos Psalterii and Lectura super Primum de Anima.
Reginald is also considered by some as the compiler of the Supplement to the Summa Theologiae. This supplement was meant to afford completion to the unfinished Summa Theologiae, and it was composed out of book IV of Aquinas's Commentary to the Sentences.
The funeral discourse published at Bologna in 1529 under the name of Reginald is the work of the Italian humanist Joannes Antonius Flaminius.
# Olha, Manitoba

Olha is a locality in the Rossburn Municipality, Manitoba, home to a Ukrainian community.
The few buildings in Olha are a church, a community hall, and the Olha general store.
Of note in the Olha area is a mass grave where the remains of 43 Ukrainian settlers (three adults and 40 children) are buried. The settlers died during an epidemic of scarlet fever shortly after their arrival in 1899. Several monuments mark this site. Also nearby are two reconstructions of mud huts as built by the settlers. Some of the early Ukrainian settlers to the area did not have time to build permanent dwellings, having arrived too late in the year and on the verge of winter. In the interim, they built short-term, earthen shelters in the ground. In Ukrainian, a dwelling of this type is called a buda (буда).
# Edward Stothard

Edward Stothard (16 November 1893 – 1955) was an English footballer who played in the Football League for South Shields.
# Borzu, Qasabeh-ye Gharbi

Borzu (Persian: برزو, also Romanized as Borzū, Barzu, and Berzū) is a village in Qasabeh-ye Gharbi Rural District, in the Central District of Sabzevar County, Razavi Khorasan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 852, in 230 families.
# HMS Stork (1796)

HMS Stork was a 16-gun ship sloop of the Cormorant class in the Royal Navy, ordered in November 1794 to a joint design by Sir John Henslow and William Rule, launched in 1796 at Deptford Dockyard.

## Career

She was commissioned in December 1796 under Commander Richard Pearson. Under various commanding officers, she served during the rest of the French Revolutionary War and subsequently throughout the Napoleonic War, being paid off at Sheerness from service in September 1815 and sold for breaking up eight months later.
# Andriy Chornovil

Andriy Vyacheslavovych Chornovil (Ukrainian: Андрій В'ячеславович Чорновіл) was a self-nominated candidate in the 2004 Ukrainian presidential election. In the election he collected over 36,000 votes, placing 11th place.
He is an elder son of the famous Ukrainian dissident and a leader of People's Movement of Ukraine, Vyacheslav Chornovil. Andriy has a brother, Taras Chornovil. Andriy Chornovil is a deputy of Lviv regional council. Since June 2004 he has been an Assistant Professor of Infection Illnesses at the National Medical University of Lviv. From 2002 to 2003, he was a leading expert at the board of health care of the Lviv Regional State Administration, and a senior inspector of Western regional customs.
# Governorate council (Jordan)

Governorate council (Arabic: مجلس المحافظة Majlis Al-Muhafaza) is an elected local assembly in Jordan. The concept was founded by a 2015 decentralization law, and was first established in the 2017 local elections.
There are 12 governorate councils consisting of 381 members elected from 158 constituencies. 85% of the council seats are elected, while 15% are appointed by the central government. The council have no legislative authority and works only on development and services in their respective governorates to reduce the pressure on the parliament.

## Background

The 2015 decentralization law aims at establishing governorate councils to reduce pressure on the parliament, so that the latter can focus solely on its legislative and government oversight roles. The councils have no legislative authority and focus on development and services in their respective governorates. The Parliament also enacted the new municipality laws and shed the "one man one vote system" and introduced proportional representation. In a 15 August 2016 interview, King Abdullah II described the new decentralization law as "a very important link in the chain of reforms".

## Structure

In the governorate council's first meeting, the permanent committees are elected; development, economic, financial, tourism, water, energy, agriculture, health, education, public works and local community committees. The committees are made up of between four and seven members, for a two-year term. The councils are elected for a four-year term, and the power to dismantle the councils lies with the cabinet which can also call for new elections or postpone them. The decentralization law states that councils have administrative and financial independence. They are expected to endorse budgets, strategic plans, service and infrastructure projects. They work together with the executive council of the governorate, which is composed from representatives of the central government, such as the governors and directors.
There are 12 governorate councils that will be elected from 158 constituencies and the councils consists of 381 members; of which 336 are elected. The 336 members include a 32-seat quota for women. A third of the 45 members appointed by the government (15% of elected) are allocated for women, making the total number of seats for women 47.
| Governorate | Constituencies | Seats | Women quota |
| Amman | 32 | 53 | 5 |
| Irbid | 30 | 41 | 4 |
| Balqa | 12 | 23 | 2 |
| Karak | 10 | 24 | 2 |
| Ma'an | 9 | 16 | 2 |
| Zarqa | 13 | 30 | 3 |
| Mafraq | 18 | 35 | 4 |
| Tafilah | 7 | 15 | 2 |
| Madaba | 7 | 16 | 2 |
| Ajloun | 7 | 19 | 2 |
| Jerash | 7 | 17 | 2 |
| Aqaba | 6 | 15 | 2 |
| Total | 158 | 304 | 32 |

## 2017 election

In an 11 February 2017 meeting with the Independent Electoral Commission, the King stated his support to the Commission to carry the local elections. The Commission announced 15 August 2017 as the date for the election, after royal directives.
By 6 July 2017, 1,195 men and 119 women have registered with the Independent Electoral Commission to run for governorate council membership.
# Arthur Edwards (cleric)

Arthur Edwards (November 23, 1834 – March 20, 1901) was an American cleric and editor.

## Early life

Edwards was born in Norwalk, Ohio. When he was 7 years old, he was adopted by his uncle, and moved to Michigan.

## Professional life

He graduated from Ohio Wesleyan University in 1858 and entered the ministry in that same year. In the American Civil War, he served as chaplain of the First Michigan Infantry until after the Battle of Gettysburg. He participated in 18 battles all together and was offered a brevet rank of colonel. However, he resigned from the army and in 1864, he became assistant editor of the Northwestern Christian Advocate of Chicago, Illinois. From 1872 until his death, he was the editor.
He married Caroline Maria Whitehead on January 24, 1868, and they had three children.
He died at his home in Detroit on March 20, 1901. He was buried at Rosehill Cemetery in Chicago.
# Grant Normington

Grant Normington (born 9 May 1990) is an English former professional footballer who played as a midfielder from 2008 until 2011.
His natural position is on the right side of midfield, although he has been known to play as a right back. Normington played as a professional for Grimsby Town between 2008 and 2010. He went on to have spells with Frickley Athletic and Hall Road Rangers.

## Career
### Grimsby Town

Grant began his career with Grimsby Town and was added to the first team squad during the 2007–08 season by Alan Buckley and was offered a new contract for the following season. He made his debut for the club under Mike Newell as he came on as a substitute for James Hunt in the 82nd minute of the club's 0–0 away draw with Exeter City. Normington was then given a new two-year contract on 28 November 2008 by the club after impressing since the arrival of the new manager.
In an interview to the Grimsby Telegraph on 9 December Normington commented at his relief at his chances under the new manager, stating that Alan Buckley failed to help him in his career.
"The feedback from the gaffer has been positive.
"When the old manager was here, he didn't talk to me as much and didn't help me out as much.
"Alan Buckley didn't really give me a chance - not even a sniff.
"I wasn't even on the bench sometimes - even when there were seven subs in the cup, he named just six.
"Since Mike Newell got here, he has been great with me.
"He helps me and tells me my chance will come and this contract backs that up."
On 23 October 2009 Normington joined Frickley Athletic on loan for one month. He re-joined Frickley for a second spell on 21 December 2009. On 28 January 2010 Normington had his contract cancelled by manager Neil Woods and subsequently was released by the club.

### Non-league

On 8 February 2010 it was revealed that Normington had re-joined Frickley on a permanent deal until the end of the season. In October 2010 Normington signed for Hall Road Rangers. Normington left Rangers in 2011.
He made a return to football on 17 February 2015, in signing for Humber Premier League outfit Chalk Lane, after 4 years away from the game.

## Honours
### Grimsby Town

* Football League Trophy runner up: 2007-08
# National Union (Gabon)

The National Union (French: Union Nationale, UN) is a political party in Gabon.

## History

The UN was established in February 2010 by a merger of the African Development Movement (MAD), the Gabonese Union for Democracy and Development (UGDD) and the National Republican Rally (RNR). In the 2006 parliamentary elections the UGDD had won four seats and the MAD one. The new party gained support from several prominent former members of the ruling Gabonese Democratic Party, including former Prime Ministers Casimir Oye Mba and Jean Eyeghe Ndong. Later in February its leader André Mba Obame was elected to the National Assembly in a by-election.
In 2011 the party was banned after Obame declared himself president after refusing to recognise the results of the 2009 presidential elections. As a result, it was prevented from competing in the 2011 parliamentary elections. In February 2015 the ban on the party was lifted.
In November 2021 Paulette Missambo, a former Minister of National Education and Health under former President Omar Bongo Ondimba, was elected party president at a meeting of 654 party delegates, succeeding Zacharie Myboto.
# Monica Drake (journalist)

Monica Drake is a journalist and deputy managing editor at The New York Times. Drake is the first African-American woman to serve on the newsroom's print masthead.

## Biography

Drake was born to internist Kathleen Glover and attorney Macarthur Drake. Drake is from Yellow Springs, Ohio and attended Yellow Springs High School. Drake attended Yale University and then the School of Journalism at Columbia University. She joined The New York Times as an intern in 1998, and became a copy editor in 2001. Drake worked at the Culture Desk, then became the senior Travel editor before becoming a deputy managing editor, making her the first African-American woman to serve on the print masthead. In her new position, Drake posted a listing for a "dream" traveling job that got national attention and received over 13,000 applications. As an assistant managing editor(2017-23), she founded a new column called "Surfacing" which focuses on subcultures around the world and appears both online and in print.
Drake married journalist Greg Winter in 2006.
# Constance Teander Cohen

Constance Teander Cohen (February 11, 1921 – February 14, 1995) was a Chicago-based American artist. Her work was first awarded at the 1948 Exhibition Momentum show. Cohen won the 1960 Logan Medal and the Armstrong Prize. She was married to artist George Cohen and died on February 14, 1995, at age 74.
Work by Constance Cohen is in the collection of the Museum of Contemporary Art (MCA) Chicago.
# Elmadağ Bridge

The Elmadağ Bridge (Turkish: Elmadağ Köprüsü), officially designated as Viaduct 15 (Turkish: Viyadükt 15) or V15, is a railway bridge near Kırıkkale, Turkey, on the Ankara-Sivas high-speed railway. With a total length of 1,437 m (4,715 ft) and consisting of 22 spans, the bridge crosses the Kızılırmak River as well as the Trans-Anatolian railway. Elmadağ Bridge is also the highest railway bridge in Turkey, standing 87 m (285 ft) tall.
The bridge is one of four viaducts between Kırıkkale and Elmadağ, with a total length of 6,216 m (20,394 ft). It opened on 26 April 2023, along with the Ankara-Sivas high-speed railway.