OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Poland–South Korea relations

Poland–South Korea relations is the diplomatic relationship between the Republic of Poland and Republic of Korea.

## History

Poland and Korea first had official contacts in the early 20th century, when both nations were ruled by foreign powers – Poland was partitioned between Austria, Germany and Russia, while Korea was under Japanese rule. Due to suffering similar oppression, the Koreans and Poles shared strong sympathy, and the March 1st Movement, which aimed to form an independent Korea, made Koreans compared to the Poles of Asia.
As a result of World War II, both Poland and North Korea were occupied by the Soviet Union, which installed communist regimes in both countries. As a result, relations between the Polish People's Republic and Republic of Korea did not exist after the war, when the republics were established and aligned with opposing blocs in the Cold War. Poland supported North Korea against South Korea and virtually no relations between Poland and South Korea existed throughout the Cold War, in which the Democratic People's Republic of Korea was recognized by Polish People's Republic as the legitimate representative of all Korea. It was not until the 1990s when the Cold War ended that Poland and South Korea established relations.

## Modern relations

Following the end of Cold War, Poland and South Korea's relations dramatically improved and eventually became a strategic partnership. South Korea was the first Asian country to officially loan $450 million in economic aid to Poland. Investments from South Korea continues to increase as for the result of the good relationship between two countries. Poland is also a consumer of Korean networking technology and mobile communications technology.
In 2016, South Korea deputy minister of Foreign Affairs, Kim Hyong-zhin, praised Poland for its historical contributions to science and culture, and expressed South Korea's desire to expand the cooperative relationship between the two countries.
In 2018, Polish President Andrzej Duda expressed his wish to support a United Nations-led initiative over Korea, aiming for peaceful unification of the Korean peninsula.
In 2022, Poland and South Korea strengthened their military cooperation when Poland made a major purchase of K2 Black Panther tanks, K9 Thunder howitzers and FA-50 fighter jets from South Korea. The agreement also provides for technology transfer, the launch of production in Poland and joint Korean-Polish development of next-generation military equipment.

## Culture

Several Polish museums possess collections of Korean art and artifacts, including the National Museum of Ethnography in Warsaw and District Museum in Toruń.

## Trade

For South Korea, Poland is the largest trading partner in Central Europe, with two-way trade hitting an all-time high of $8.95 billion in 2022. The two countries aim to triple bilateral trade by 2030.

## Resident diplomatic missions

* Poland has an embassy in Seoul, and an honorary consulate in Daegu.
* South Korea has an embassy in Warsaw, and an honorary consulate in Wrocław.
* Embassy of Poland in Seoul
* Embassy of South Korea in Warsaw
# Ernie Peacock

Ernest Gilbert Peacock (born 11 December 1924 and died 12 February 1973 in Bristol) was an English footballer who played as a half back. He made over 340 Football League appearances in the years after the Second World War.

## Career

Ernie Peacock played locally for Barleyfield school and Syston in Bristol. Peacock played as a guest for Bath City during the Second World War before he signed for Notts County in the summer of 1945. Bob Hewison signed Peacock in October 1946 from Notts County for Bristol City.

## Honours
### with Bristol City

* Football League Third Division South winner: 1954–55
# Ernie Tuckett

Ernest William Tuckett (1914 – 27 May 1945) was an English professional footballer who played as an inside forward.

## Career

Born in Marske, Tuckett spent his early career with Redcar Westfield, Guisborough Brigantes, Scarborough, Arsenal and Margate. He joined Arsenal as an 18-year-old amateur in June 1932, turning professional in March 1936 after a spell with nursery club Margate in 1934.
He joined Bradford City from Arsenal in February 1937, in exchange for Laurie Scott. He made 13 league and 1 FA Cup appearances for the club, before moving to Fulham in April 1938. He returned to Bradford City during World War Two, briefly guesting for Redcar Albion near his hometown of Marske on Christmas Day in 1940, before dying in an airfield accident on 27 May 1945 when serving as a corporal in the Royal Air Force.

## Sources

* Frost, Terry (1988). Bradford City A Complete Record 1903-1988. Breedon Books Sport. ISBN 0-907969-38-0.
# Lugalnamniršumma

Lugalnamniršumma was an ancient Iraqi ruler. He ruled sometime during the Early Dynastic IIIb period (c. 2500 – c. 2350 BCE); additionally, temp. Akalamdug, Urnanshe, Akurgal, Paraganedu, and Ennail. Ursangpae may have preceded Lugalnamniršumma as a king of Uruk. Lugalnamniršumma may have also been succeeded by Lugalsilâsi I as a great king of Kish.
# Wisconsin's 54th Assembly district

The 54th Assembly district of the Wisconsin is one of 99 districts in the Wisconsin State Assembly. Located in east-central Wisconsin, the district comprises part of eastern Winnebago County, including most of the city of Oshkosh, Wisconsin. It also contains landmarks such as the University of Wisconsin–Oshkosh campus, the Oshkosh campus of the Fox Valley Technical College, and the Oshkosh Corporation headquarters. The district is represented by Democrat Lori Palmeri, since January 2023.
The 54th Assembly district is located within Wisconsin's 18th Senate district, along with the 52nd and 53rd Assembly districts.
* Downtown Oshkosh
* Historic Dempsey Hall on the University of Wisconsin–Oshkosh campus
* Where the Fox River meets Lake Winnebago

## History

The district was created in the 1972 redistricting act (1971 Wisc. Act 304) which first established the numbered district system, replacing the previous system which allocated districts to specific counties. The 54th district was drawn mostly in line with the previous Dodge County 1st district, but exchanged towns in northern Dodge County for towns in western Washington County. The last representative of the Dodge 1st district, Esther Doughty Luckhardt, went on to win the first election to represent the 54th Assembly district. The boundaries of the 54th district have been mostly stable since the 1983 redistricting, comprising the city of Oshkosh and a shifting collection of wards from neighboring towns, but since 2002 has mostly been reduced to the city boundaries of Oshkosh.

## List of past representatives

List of representatives to the Wisconsin State Assembly from the 54th district :
| Member | Party | Residence | Counties represented | Term start | Term end |
| District created |||||||
| Esther Doughty Luckhardt | Rep. | Horicon | Dodge, Washington | January 1, 1973 | January 3, 1983 |
| Cathy Zeuske | Rep. | Shawano | Oconto, Outagamie, Shawano | January 3, 1983 | January 7, 1985 |
| Carol A. Buettner | Rep. | Oshkosh | Winnebago | January 7, 1985 | April 21, 1987 |
| --Vacant-- | --Vacant-- | --Vacant-- | Winnebago | April 21, 1987 | June 15, 1987 |
| Gregg Underheim | Rep. | Oshkosh | Winnebago | June 15, 1987 | January 1, 2007 |
| Gordon Hintz | Dem. | Oshkosh | Winnebago | January 1, 2007 | January 2, 2023 |
| Lori Palmeri | Dem. | Oshkosh | Winnebago | January 3, 2023 | Current |
# Jamaladdin Magomedov

Jamaladdin Gadzhievich Magomedov (Russian: Джамаладдин Магомедов; Azerbaijani: Camaləddin Məhəmmədov; born March 14, 1989, in Makhachkala) is a Russian-born naturalized Azerbaijani freestyle wrestler of Avar descent, who played for the men's super heavyweight category. In 2011, Magomedov had won two bronze medals at the World Wrestling Championships in Istanbul, Turkey, and at the European Wrestling Championships in Dortmund, Germany. He is also a member of Atasport Wrestling Club in Baku, and is coached and trained by Anvar Magomedgadzhiev of Russia.
Magomedov represented his current nation Azerbaijan at the 2012 Summer Olympics in London, where he competed for the men's 120 kg class. He lost the qualifying match to Russia's Bilyal Makhov, who was able to score five points in two straight periods, leaving Magomedov without a single point.
At the 2016 Olympics, he lost to Tervel Dlagnev in the second round. In March 2021, he competed at the European Qualification Tournament in Budapest, Hungary hoping to qualify for the 2020 Summer Olympics in Tokyo, Japan.
# Chok Chai

Chok Chai (Thai: โชคชัย) is a village and tambon (sub-district) of Doi Luang District, in Chiang Rai Province, Thailand. In 2005 it had a population of 8,793 people. The tambon contains 11 villages.
# Marius Hillebrand

Marius Hillebrand (born 8 January 2000) is a German motorcycle speedway rider.

## Career

Hillebrand was born in Tettnang, Germany and came to prominence when competing in the Speedway Under-21 World Championship during 2021. In 2022, he helped MC Nordstern Stralsund win the Bundesliga title.
The following year in 2023, he won the bronze medal in the German Individual Speedway Championship, behind Kevin Wölbert and Valentin Grobauer. He also represented Germany in the final of the 2023 European U-23 Team Championship.
# Col de la Loze

The Col de la Loze is a mountain pass in the French Alps, with an elevation of 2,304 metres (7,559 ft). A path up the mountain was opened in May 2019, and is the seventh-highest mountain pass in France. The ascent featured in the 2020 and 2023 Tours de France, as well as in the 2019 Tour de l'Avenir.

## Geography

Col de la Loze is in Les Trois Vallées, at an elevation of 2,304 metres (7,559 ft). From Col de la Loze, one can ski to the nearby La Tania, and Le Praz. By chairlift, one can get from Col de la Loze to Courchevel and Méribel, and by button lift, one can get to La Tania. From Col de la Loze, one can also cycle to Lac Bleu [fr].
A path up the Col de la Loze was built in 2018 and was officially opened on 12 May 2019. On the official opening day, there was still snow on the mountain, and it was the first French mountain pass to be cleared of snow. Motor vehicles are not permitted on the path. The path is paved on the side toward Courchevel. The path links Col de la Loze to Courchevel, and in 2020 was paved on the side to Méribel. There are future plans to continue the path to Val Thorens. It is the seventh-highest mountain pass in France, and the third-highest mountain pass in the Savoie region.

## Cycling

While there are multiple routes to get to the Col de la Loze, the climb through Meribel is the most notorious, and at 14.1 FIETS is the hardest bike climb in France. The climb averages a 7.5% gradient for 22.6 kilometres (14.0 mi) gaining nearly 1700 metres.
On 12 May 2019, the Col de la Loze held the Eiffage time trial event to commemorate its opening. There were 2 races: one over a distance of 22.7 kilometres (14.1 mi), and one over a shorter distance of 8.6 kilometres (5.3 mi).
The first professional cycle race to ascend to Col de la Loze was stage 8 of the 2019 Tour de l'Avenir. The stage was won by Australia's Alexander Evans.

### Appearances in Tour de France

Col de la Loze was the summit finish for stage 17 of the 2020 Tour de France, which was won by Colombian rider Miguel Ángel López. The stage included an ascent of the Col de la Madeleine, which was not in the Tour de l'Avenir stage. The climb up to Col de la Loze was 21.5 kilometres (13.4 mi) long, with an average gradient of 7.5% and a maximum gradient of 24%. The route followed the former path of a 7 kilometres (4.3 mi) ski lift access road used by mechanics. The ascent started in Brides-les-Bains and passed through Méribel, before turning onto the new path up to Col de la Loze. The finish point was the highest point of the 2020 Tour. Col de la Loze was one of two new summit finishes at the Tour, the other one being Grand Colombier. It featured again in the 2023 edition, with the finish taking place at the Courchevel Altiport, and will next feature in the 2025 Tour de France.
| Year | Stage | Category | Start | Finish | Leader at the summit |
| 2020 | 17 | HC | Grenoble | Méribel (Col de la Loze) | Miguel Ángel López (COL) |
| 2023 | 17 | HC | Saint-Gervais-les-Bains | Courchevel | Felix Gall (AUT) |
| 2025 | 18 | TBD | Vif | Courchevel | |
# Dasht-e Olam

Dasht-e Olam (Persian: دشت علم, also Romanized as Dasht-e ʿOlam) is a village in Otaqvar Rural District, Otaqvar District, Langarud County, Gilan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 65, in 18 families.
# Școala

Şcoala (English: School) was a magazine from Czernowitz, Austria-Hungary, founded in 1907 by George Tofan.
# Spanish nursery rhymes

Nursery rhymes (Spanish: rimas infantiles) in the Spanish language have been passed down by oral tradition. They may be classified according to their amusing, educative or soothing qualities.

## History and context

Nursery rhymes are short songs written for small children. The lyrics are usually simple and repetitive for easy comprehension and memorization. Although they are meant to be lighthearted and fun, they also function as an introduction to music and certain basic concepts learned through repetition and song.
Traditionally, nursery rhymes are taught through oral tradition where knowledge, stories, and songs are learned through generational repetition as part of familial or popular culture. In more recent decades, specialized artists have worked within the infant market.
Nursery rhymes are activities through which children can learn and play with different melodies. They also introduce children to popular themes that help with early socialization.
Many Latin American nursery rhymes are based in the context of the farm or rural life. After the Spanish conquest of the continent, much of the oral tradition derived from religious and superstitious traditions with the goal of introducing children to formative social concepts.

## Classification by function

One possible method of nursery rhyme classification is that of function. Although it is possible that one song may fall under more than one category, each has a different goal or purpose:
* Play songs or De Juego
* Lullabies or Nanas/Canciones de cuna
* Tongue-twisters or De habilidad
* Teaching songs or Didácticas

### Examples

Los Pollitos Dicen ("Little Chickens") is a classic Spanish Nursery Rhyme De juego, and also falls under the Nana or Cancion de cuna category. Many spanish speaking countries lay claim to this song such as Ecuador and Spain, but its author is the Chilean musician and poet Ismael Parraguez. Its popularity is similar to that of "Twinkle Twinkle Little Star" in English.
Los pollitos dicen pío, pío, pío
cuando tienen hambre cuando tienen frio.
La gallina busca el maiz y el trigo
les da la comida y les presta abrigo.
Bajo de sus alas, acurrucaditos
duermen los pollitos hasta el otro día!''
Little chickies squeal, cheep cheep cheep,
When they are so cold, and when they want a meal.
Mama goes and gets them corn from the field,
serves them each their food, and warms them head to heel.
Chickies sleep so yummy, snuggled up with mommy,
And that’s just where they’ll stay until another day.
# San Diego National Wildlife Refuge

San Diego National Wildlife Refuge is a National Wildlife Refuge in California. It is part of the San Diego National Wildlife Refuge Complex. A variety of habitats from coastal sage scrub and chaparral to oak woodland and freshwater marsh describe this inland refuge in San Diego's backcountry.
The Living Coast Discovery Center is located in the Sweetwater Marsh Unit adjacent to the administrative headquarters for the US Fish and Wildlife Service. The center features exhibits of marine life, birds and plants found at San Diego Bay, and partners with the refuge to offer environmental education programs. There are 1.5 miles of trails with access to the bay.
The Otay-Sweetwater Unit of the San Diego National Wildlife Refuge is part of the National Wildlife Refuge System's contribution to the Multiple Species Conservation Plan, a program designed to conserve enough open space and habitat for species survival while enabling orderly development to occur where necessary. It is closed to the public.
San Diego National Wildlife Refuge's abundance of coastal sage and chaparral are an important addition to other inland preserves established to conserve and restore fast diminishing habitat. This inland refuge is home to such endangered birds as least Bell's vireo, California gnatcatcher, a rare butterfly, the Quino checkerspot and to the San Diego horned lizard. Biological surveys for other species are ongoing as new land is acquired. The approved refuge boundary is 44,000 acres (180 km$^2$), with 8,000 acres (32 km$^2$) for the Vernal Pools Unit.
# Lågendalen

Lågendalen (English: Lågen Valley) is a valley located in eastern Norway.
Lågendalen forms the lower part of the valley through which the river Numedalslågen flows. The valley lies between the town of Kongsberg in Kongsberg Municipality in Buskerud county and the town of Larvik in Larvik Municipality in Vestfold county. North of Kongsberg, the valley is known as Numedal.
The Lågendalen valley is relatively flat, characterized by farmland and wooded hills in both Kongsberg and Larvik municipalities. It includes the villages of Svarstad, Kvelde, Steinsholt, and Skollenberg. Lågendalen is most commonly known for potato cultivation and salmon fishing. Lågendalen is also the location of several Medieval era stone churches: Hedrum Church, Hem Church, Efteløt Church, and Hedenstad Church.

## Gallery

* Hedenstad Church
* Hem Church
* Hedrum Church
* Efteløt Church
# Bonsai (2011 film)

Bonsai (Spanish: Bonsái) is a 2011 Chilean drama film directed by Cristián Jiménez, based on the 2006 book of the same name by Alejandro Zambra. It premiered during the Un Certain Regard section at the 2011 Cannes Film Festival. The film was released in the United Kingdom on 30 March 2012 and in the United States on 11 May 2012.

## Cast

* Gabriela Arancibia as Bárbara
* Cristóbal Briceño as Hippie
* Nathalia Galgani as Emilia
* Trinidad González as Blanca
* Ingrid Isensee as Vecina
* Paola Lattus as Vendedora
* Hugo Medina as Gazmuri
* Diego Noguera as Julio
* Andrés Waas as Claudio
# Gulf of Parita

Gulf of Parita or Parita Bay (Spanish: Golfo de Parita, Bahía Parita) is a large gulf or bay off the coast of Herrera Province, in Panama. It forms the western section of the Gulf of Panama, and is located between Puerto Obaldia, Coclé and the mouth of the Rio Grande.

## Environment

The bay is the second most important site for migratory waders in Panama. A site encompassing some 15,000 ha of the bay’s tidal mudflats, as well as mangroves near the mouth of the Rio Grande, has been designated an Important Bird Area (IBA) by BirdLife International because it supports significant wintering populations of western sandpipers and short-billed dowitchers. Other wader species using the site include willet and Hudsonian whimbrel. It is also the only known breeding site for black-necked stilts in the country. American crocodiles are present.
# Seyyedabad, Bojnord

Seyyedabad (Persian: سيداباد, also Romanized as Seyyedābād) is a village in Raz Rural District, Raz and Jargalan District, Bojnord County, North Khorasan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 21, in 7 families.
# Guy Dash

Guy Dash (Persian: گوي داش, also Romanized as Gūy Dāsh; also known as Garī Dāsh) is a village in Charuymaq-e Jonubegharbi Rural District, in the Central District of Charuymaq County, East Azerbaijan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 213, in 34 families.
# Mikkeli Province

The Mikkeli Province (Finnish: Mikkelin lääni, Swedish: S:t Michels län) was a province of Finland from 1831 to 1997. The province was named after the city of Mikkeli.
Parts of the province were transferred to the Central Finland Province in 1960. In 1997 it was merged with Kuopio Province and Northern Karelia Province into the new Eastern Finland Province.

## Municipalities in 1997 (cities in bold)

* Anttola
* Enonkoski
* Hartola
* Haukivuori
* Heinola
* Heinävesi
* Hirvensalmi
* Joroinen
* Juva
* Jäppilä
* Kangaslampi
* Kangasniemi
* Kerimäki
* Mikkeli
* Mikkelin mlk
* Mäntyharju
* Pertunmaa
* Pieksämäki
* Pieksämäen mlk
* Punkaharju
* Puumala
* Rantasalmi
* Ristiina
* Savonlinna
* Savonranta
* Sulkava
* Sysmä
* Virtasalmi

## Former municipalities (disestablished before 1997)

* Heinolan mlk
* Sääminki

## Governors

* Abraham Joakim Molander-Nordenheim 1831–1837
* Gabriel Anton Cronstedt 1837–1840
* Otto Abraham Boije 1840–1847
* Alexander Thesleff 1847–1853
* Carl Fabian Langenskiöld 1853–1854
* Carl Emil Cedercreutz 1854–1856
* Bernhard Indrenius 1856
* Samuel Werner von Troil 1856–1863
* Theodor Sebastian Gustaf Thilén 1863–1869
* Carl Gustav Mortimer von Kraemer 1869–1873
* Edvard Reinhold von Ammondt 1874–1875
* Hjalmar Sebastian Nordenstreng 1876–1883
* August Alexander Järnefelt 1883–1884
* Gustav Axel Samuel von Troil 1884–1889
* Johannes Gripenberg 1889–1891
* Knut Robert Carl Walfrid Spåre 1891–1899
* Lennart Fritiof Munck 1900–1903
* Aleksander Watatzi 1903–1905
* Anton Leonard von Knorring 1905–1910
* Eliel Ilmari Vuorinen 1910–1911
* Leo Aristides Sirelius 1911–1916
* Nikolai Sillman 1916–1917
* Aleksanteri August Aho 1917
* Ernst Edvard Rosenqvist 1918–1927
* Albin Pulkkinen 1927–1933
* Emil Jatkola 1933–1948
* Alpo Lumme 1949–1957
* Urho Kiukas 1957–1970
* Viljo Virtanen 1970–1979
* Uki Voutilainen 1979–1989
* Juhani Kortesalmi 1989–1997
61°41′15″N 27°16′25″E﻿ / ﻿61.6875°N 27.2736°E﻿ / 61.6875; 27.2736
* This Eastern Finland location article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
# Fiume azzurro

"Fiume azzurro" (English: "Blue river") is a song recorded by Italian singer Mina for her studio album Cinquemilaquarantatre in 1972. It was written by Luigi Albertelli and Enrico Riccardi [it], arranged and produced by Pino Presti.

## Overview

The song was first performed in one of the episodes of Teatro 10 [it] (the lyrics were slightly different from the album version), then it was repeated in another episodes. The song was also released as a promotional jukebox single, more precisely as a split, where the second side featured a song "Logan Dwight" by Logan Dwight. Mina also chose the song to be performed at the night club La Bussola on 16 September 1972, when the live album Dalla Bussola was recorded. Later a promotional video for Tassoni lemonade for the TV show Carosello was also shot using the composition.

## Critical reception

Claudio Milano from OndaRock [it] highlighted the live performance from Della Bussola, noting how Mina masterfully copes with the complex structure of the song and turns it into a live classic.

## Track listing
### 7" promotional single

    A1. "Fiume azzurro" – 3:58
    A2. "Logan Dwight" (Donatella Luttazzi, Gianni Mereu) – 4:30

## Charts

Chart performance for "Fiume azzurro" :
| Chart (1972) | Peak position |
| Italy (Musica e dischi) | 22 |

## Cover versions

* In 2000 Spanish singer Mónica Naranjo recorded a Spanish—language cover of a song called "Sobreviviré" for her third album Minage, which was a tribute to Mina. The author of the adapted lyrics was Jose Manuel Navarro, and the producer of the recording was Phil Manzanera. Released as a single, it debuted at number one on the Spanish chart.