OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Hasse invariant of a quadratic form

In mathematics, the Hasse invariant (or Hasse–Witt invariant) of a quadratic form Q over a field K takes values in the Brauer group Br(K). The name "Hasse–Witt" comes from Helmut Hasse and Ernst Witt.
The quadratic form Q may be taken as a diagonal form
    Σ a$_i$x$_i$$^2$.
Its invariant is then defined as the product of the classes in the Brauer group of all the quaternion algebras
    (a$_i$, a$_j$) for i < j.
This is independent of the diagonal form chosen to compute it.
It may also be viewed as the second Stiefel–Whitney class of Q.

## Symbols

The invariant may be computed for a specific symbol φ taking values in the group C$_2$ = {±1}.
In the context of quadratic forms over a local field, the Hasse invariant may be defined using the Hilbert symbol, the unique symbol taking values in C$_2$. The invariants of a quadratic forms over a local field are precisely the dimension, discriminant and Hasse invariant.
For quadratic forms over a number field, there is a Hasse invariant ±1 for every finite place. The invariants of a form over a number field are precisely the dimension, discriminant, all local Hasse invariants and the signatures coming from real embeddings.
# Kitagata, Gifu

Kitagata (北方町, Kitagata-chō) is a town located in Motosu District, Gifu Prefecture, Japan. As of 1 November 2018, the town had an estimated population of 18,410 and a population density of 3600 persons per km$^2$, in 7,449 households. The total area of the town was 5.18 square kilometres (2.00 sq mi). It is the smallest town in Gifu Prefecture in terms of area.

## Geography

Kitagata is located in the Nōbi Plain in southern Gifu Prefecture. The town has a climate characterized by characterized by hot and humid summers, and mild winters (Köppen climate classification Cfa). The average annual temperature in Kitagata is 15.3 °C. The average annual rainfall is 1990 mm with September as the wettest month. The temperatures are highest on average in August, at around 27.9 °C, and lowest in January, at around 3.9 °C.

### Neighbouring municipalities

* Gifu Prefecture
** Gifu
** Mizuho
** Motosu

## Demographics

Per Japanese census data, the population of Kitagata has recently plateaued after decades of strong growth.

## History

The area around Kitagawa was part of traditional Mino Province. During the Edo period, it was part of the holdings of Kanō Domain, under by the Tokugawa shogunate. During the post-Meiji restoration cadastral reforms, the area was organised into Motosu District, Gifu Prefecture. The town of Kitagata was formed in 1889 with the establishment of the modern municipalities system. The town was severely damaged by the 1891 Mino–Owari earthquake, which destroyed 602 homes and killed 62 inhabitants.

## Education

Kitagata has three public elementary schools and one public middle school operated by the town government. The town has one public high school operated by the Gifu Prefectural Board of Education.

## Transportation
### Railway

* Kitagata does not have any passenger railway service.

### Highway

* National Route 157
# Zioui Brothers Stadium

Zioui Brothers Stadium (Arabic: ملعب الإخوة زيوي) is a multi-use stadium in Hussein Dey, Algeria. It is currently used mostly for football matches and is the home ground of NA Hussein Dey. The stadium holds 5,000 people.
# Heimat Bells

Heimat Bells (German: Heimatglocken) is a 1952 West German drama film directed by Hermann Kugelstadt and starring Hansi Knoteck, Armin Dahlen and Ernst Waldow. It was shot at the Bavaria Studios in Munich and on location in Mittenwald in the Bavarian Alps. The film's sets were designed by the art director Max Seefelder.

## Cast

* Hansi Knoteck as Maria
* Armin Dahlen as Mathias Brucker
and in alphabetical order
* Siegfried Andree
* Mathias Brucker
* Karl Heinz Diess
* Jenny Dreher
* Albert Florath as Lehrer
* Ulrich Folkmar
* Franz Fröhlich
* Gustl Gstettenbaur
* Olly Gubo
* Wolfgang Keppler
* Anderl Kern
* Auguste Kleinmichl
* Ruth Lommel as Kitty Meier
* Franz Loskarn
* Renate Mannhardt as Zenzi
* Franz Muxeneder as Leo Stanzer
* Sepp Nigg
* Martin Schmidhofer
* Bertl Schultes
* Inge Schulz
* Uli Steigberg
* Gerhard Steinberg
* Rolf Straub
* Kathi Tellheim
* Karl Tischlinger
* Hermann van Dyk
* Alice Verden
* Georg Vogelsang
* Ernst Waldow as Felix Meier
* Mathias Wenzel
# Alekos Dedes

Alekos Dedes (Greek: Αλέκος Δέδες; born 29 July 1972) is a retired Greek football midfielder.
# Idea hypermnestra

Idea hypermnestra is a large butterfly that belongs to the danaid group of the family Nymphalidae. It was described by John Obadiah Westwood in 1848. It is found in the Indomalayan realm. It is found in Thailand and Malaysia.

## Subspecies

* I. h. hypermnestra (Borneo)
* I. h. belia (Westwood, 1848) (Java)
* I. h. linteata (Butler, 1879) (Burma to Peninsular Malaysia, Langkawi)
* I. h. hera (Fruhstorfer, 1903) (Sumatra)
# Kato Asites

Kato Asites (Greek: Kάτω Ασίτες) is a medium-sized village in the heart of the Heraklion regional unit, Crete. It is part of the Gorgolainis municipal unit. It has a population of around 1,100 inhabitants. It is situated 24 km southwest of Heraklion City. The village enjoys very hot and dry summers, with mild rainy winters and occasionally snow.

## Places of interest

One kilometer north of Kato Asites is situated the Gorgolaini Monastery. The village has nine churches, with Agia Pariskevi being the most famous one. The story behind the church is legendary in the village. While being under Turkish domination between 15th and 19th centuries, a Turk tried to sabotage a Cretan wedding. He went to the wedding and tried to shoot the bride. Unfortunately for him, the bullet ricocheted off the church wall and into his stomach, killing him.
# Děčínský Sněžník

The Děčínský Sněžník (German: Hoher Schneeberg) is a mountain in the Czech Republic. At 723.5 m (2,374 ft) above sea level, it is the highest peak of the Elbe Sandstone Mountains.

## Geography

Děčínský Sněžník is located in the Elbe Sandstone Mountains in the Ústí nad Labem Region. It is located mostly in the Jílové municipality, only the eastern slopes are located in the territory of Děčín.
The mountain is the highest mesa in the Czech Republic.

## Tourism
### History

One of the first historical figures to visit Děčínský Sněžník was Emperor Joseph II of Habsburg, who climbed the peak in September 1779. The Sněžník was considered an important geodetic point for triangulation and cartographers asked the owner of the principality of Děčín, Prince Franz of Thun and Hohenstein, for permission to establish the peak as a triangulation point. Prince Franz contracted the Dresden architect, Karl Moritz Haenel, to design a stone observation tower. The construction of the Neo-gothic tower at the summit of the Sněžník began in 1863. A nearby fault line a source of building material, the tower was finished in autumn 1864. Originally used by geodesists, the view attracted many visitors and in 1865 the local forest administration decided to build a small hostelry for them.
The observation tower at Děčínský Sněžník has remained a popular tourist attraction and lasted, with small modifications, for more than 80 years. After the Second World War the hostelry was abandoned as it had to be pulled down. Likewise the tower deteriorated and, by the 1980s, was in poor condition. Vandals contributed to the degradation of the tower, and its masonry started to collapse. The tower was assigned to the monument fund of the State Monument Preservation, but this formal step did not bring any improvement. In 1992 two million CZK were collected for the renovation of the tower, and this was followed by the erection of a new inn. Since summer 1992 the tower at Děčínský Sněžník has again been open to the public and the peak is once again a popular tourist destination.

### Present

The observation tower is 33 m (108 ft) high, 153 steps lead to the observation deck. The tower offers a panoramic view over Bohemian and Saxon Switzerland, and Lusatian Mountains.
The summit is a stop on the E3 European long distance path. Ascents may be made from the town of Jílové or from the German municipality of Rosenthal-Bielatal to the north.
# Nikolay Grigoryevich Erschoff

Nikolay Grigoryevich Erschoff, also Nikolaj Grigor'jevitsch Erschov, Erschow or Yershov (Russian: Николай Григорьевич Ершов; 23 April 1837 in Moscow – 12 March 1896 in Saint Petersburg) was a Russian entomologist mainly interested in Lepidoptera.
He received his secondary education in St. Petersburg, then, at the request of his father he remained a merchant, but attended lectures on zoology and chemistry at the Medico-Surgical Academy and worked at the Zoological Museum of the Imperial Academy of Sciences . While still at the boarding school, under the guidance of Édouard Ménétries, he studied mainly Russian Lepidoptera . Erschff assembled one of the best collections of butterflies, most of which he brought as a gift to the Zoological Museum of the Imperial Academy of Sciences and is currently stored at the Zoological Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences in St. Petersburg. Ershov took an active part in the affairs of the Russian Entomological Society.

## Selected works

* 1868. Für die St.-Petersburger Fauna neue Schmetterlinge. Тр. Рус. энтомол. о-ва, т. 5, с. 97–99.
* 1872. Diagnoses de quelques especes nouvelles de Lépidoptères appartenant a la faune de la Russie Asiatique. Horae Societatis Entomologicae Rossicae. 8: 315–318.
* as Erschow, N.G. 1874. Lepidopteren von Turkestan. Stettiner Entomologische Zeitung, 35: 386–417.
* 1877. Diagnosen neuer Lepidopteren aus den verschiedenen Provinzen des Russischen Reiches. Horae Societatis Entomologicae Rossicae 12: 336–348.
* 1885. Verzeichniss von Schmetterlingen aus Central Sibirien. Mémoires sur les Lépidoptères, 2: 208–211.
* 1892. Verzeichniss von Schmetterlingen aus Central Sibirien. Mémoires sur les Lépidoptères, VI: 670–672, pl. XVI.

## Collection

Erschoff's insect collection is in the Zoological Collection of the Russian Academy of Science.
# El-Tarif

El-Tarif (Arabic: إلطارف aṭ-Ṭārif) is a necropolis on the West Bank of the Nile, at the site of ancient Thebes (Luxor), Egypt. It is located in the northwestern outskirts of Luxor and southeast of the Valley of the Kings, opposite Karnak, just to the southwest of the modern village of At-Tarif. It is the oldest of West Thebes' necropolises. It is a small mortuary temple, and the farthest north of the Tombs of the Nobles, and contains tombs of the late First Intermediate Period, Second Intermediate Period and early Middle Kingdom. Old Kingdom mastabas are possibly attributed to local rulers of the Fourth or Fifth Dynasty. Eleventh Dynasty (2040–1991 BCE) tombs of local rulers have also been noted in the form of a series of rock-cut tombs dated to 2061–2010 BCE, the largest of which are Intef I to Intef III, who were kings of this dynasty.

## Background

The El-Tarif tombs are located to the north on the West Bank of Luxor. Here are more than 30 known archaeological sites of temples have been discovered. This site is between Dendera and Gebelein on the flood plains of the Nile River, beyond Malqata in the south up to El-Tarif in the north. One access to the West Bank is across the new Nile Bridge and the other access is to cross the Nile by ferry from Luxor Corniche to El-Gezira.
The Theban dynasty ruled from Thebes, which was the capital of Upper Egypt. Intef I was a local Egyptian ruler at Thebes. He was a member of the 11th Dynasty during the First Intermediate Period. He was the first ruler who adopted the title of Pharaoh. He was an important nomarch and his name finds mention in Thutmose III's chapel. Intef II who was also called a Pharaoh was his brother who ruled for 50 years from 2112 to 2063 BCE. This dynasty developed a particular type of burial tombs which were called the saff-tomb or portico-tomb; saff in Arabic means "rows." These were built by the rulers of the New Kingdom and they buried their dead in saff-tombs at the necropolis at El-Tarif. All of their tombs are in dilapidated condition, given their age.

## Features

Eleventh Dynasty tombs of local rulers have also been noted. Saff tombs, formed of rock, are local to the area, but particularly noted at El-Tarif, where the largest belongs to Intef I–III (Eleventh Dynasty). The forecourts, cut 4–5 metres (13–16 ft) into the desert floor, were as large as 300 by 75 metres (984 ft × 246 ft), for example in the case of Intef I's tomb. Private tombs of white plaster and decorated with stelae, numbering at least 250, are situated are those belonging to kings.
Intef I, Intef II and Intef III were all buried in a saff (row) tomb in El Tarif in a row close to the Deir el-Bahri which is the location of the Mentuhotep II's Mortuary Temple.
# San Sali

San Sali (Thai: สันสลี) is a village and tambon (subdistrict) of Wiang Pa Pao District, in Chiang Rai Province, Thailand. In 2005 it had a population of 9,051 people. The tambon contains 13 villages.
# Gorenja Vas pri Šmarjeti

Gorenja Vas pri Šmarjeti (pronounced; Slovene: Gorenja vas pri Šmarjeti, German: Oberdorf) is a village immediately west of Šmarjeta in the Municipality of Šmarješke Toplice in southeastern Slovenia. The area is part of the historical region of Lower Carniola. The municipality is now included in the Southeast Slovenia Statistical Region. The settlement includes the hamlets of Mevce to the northwest, Podkrajec to the north, and Dolina, Hrib, and Ravnik to the west.

## Name

The name of the settlement was changed from Gorenja vas (literally 'upper village') to Gorenja vas pri Šmarjeti (literally, 'upper village near Šmarjeta') in 1953. In the past the German name was Oberdorf.

## History

A manor farm belonging to Šuta Castle in Šmarjeta once stood in the village. It was subdivided and sold off by Ignac Bogataj in 1857. During the Second World War, the Partisans had an encampment in the hills west of the village.
# Mohammed Abbas (squash player)

Mohammed Abbas (born December 24, 1980, in Giza) is a former professional squash player who represented Egypt. He reached a career-high international ranking of World No. 13 in April 2007.
In 2016, Abbas became the first Egyptian title holder of World Masters Squash Championships, after winning in the 35+ division.
# Mekhong Full Moon Party

Mekhong Full Moon Party (Thai: 15 ค่ำ เดือน 11; RTGS: Sip Ha Kham Duean Sip Et; literally, "The 15th Day of the 11th Month") is a 2002 Thai comedy-drama about the Naga fireballs that arise from the Mekong at Nong Khai on the full moon in October. Written by Jira Maligool, the film was also Jira's directorial debut.
The film takes a semi-documentary approach to its subject, examining the phenomenon and its accompanying festival, which draws thousands of people to Nong Khai each year, as well as providing a glimpse at Isan culture, Thai folklore and such practices as eating insects.

## Plot

Khan, a Nong Khai native now attending university in Bangkok comes home for the annual Naga fireballs festival, just as a debate is raging over the cause of the fireballs. A local physician, Dr. Nortai, believes there is a scientific explanation for the phenomenon. A university professor, Dr. Suraphol, thinks the fireballs are manmade and are a hoax.
Khan knows the truth: Having grown up as a dek wat at a Buddhist temple across the river in Laos, he helped the temple's abbot and the monks there to create fireballs and plant them on the bed on the Mekong. It is how he grew up to become such a strong swimmer and obtain an athletic scholarship.
The temple's abbot, Luang Poh Loh, seeks Khan out and begs him to once again help with the planting of the fireballs. But Khan, weary of perpetuating a myth and of the crowds that accompany it, refuses.
This sets up a conflict between science and religion that threatens to change the annual celebration.
For his part, Luang Poh Loh is philosophical, advising "Do what you believe, believe in what you do."

## Cast

* Anuchyd Sapanphong as Khan
* Noppadol Duangporn as Luang Por Loh
* Boonchai Limathibul as Dr. Norati
* Somlek Sakdikul as Dr. Surapol
* Thidarat Chareonchaichana as Teacher Alice
* Boonsri Yindee as Aunt Oong
* Surasee Patham as Headmaster
* Jonathan Morrill as Phelong

## Festivals and awards

The film won nine awards at the Thailand National Film Awards, including honors for best picture, best director and best screenplay for Jira Maligool and best actor to Noppadol Duangporn.
It won the International Federation of Film Critics award at the Hong Kong International Film Festival and was in the Association of Southeast Asian Nations competition at the 2003 Bangkok International Film Festival.
The film had its world premiere at the Vancouver International Film Festival and was screened at many other festivals including the Seattle International Film Festival and the Stockholm International Film Festival.
# Hisham Mohd Ashour

Hisham Mohamed Ashour (born May 29, 1982 in Cairo) is a retired professional squash player who represents Egypt. He is the older brother of Ramy Ashour. He reached a career-high world ranking of World No. 10 in February 2012.
# Gauche (Scheme implementation)

Gauche is an R7RS Scheme implementation. It is designed for scripting in a production environment. It is intended to allow programmers and system administrators to write scripts in support of daily operations. Quick startup, built-in system interface, native multilingual support are some of its key design goals.
Gauche is free software under the BSD License. It is primarily developed by Shiro Kawai.

## Features

* Quick startup - Gauche includes common features in its executable, while less common functions are in libraries which are loaded on demand.
* Module system - A simple module system, API compatible to STklos.
* Object system - CLOS-like object system with metaobject protocol. Almost API compatible to STklos. It is also similar to Guile's object system.
* Native multilingual support - Strings are represented by multibyte string internally. You can use UTF-8, EUC-JP, Shift-JIS or no multibyte encoding. Conversion between native coding system and external coding system is supported by port objects.
* Multibyte regexp - Regular expression matcher is aware of multibyte string; you can use multibyte characters both in patterns and matched strings.
* Built-in system interface - Gauche has built-in support for most POSIX.1 system calls.
* Network interface - Has API for socket-based network interface, including IPv6 if the OS supports it.
* Multithreading - Multithreading is supported on top of pthreads. Scheme-level API conforms to SRFI-18.
* DBM interface - Interfaces to dbm, ndbm and/or gdbm.
* XML parsing - Oleg Kiselyov's SXML tools are included.
# Mohamed Eldib

Mohamed Eldib (born 7 January 1979) is an Egyptian powerlifter. At the 2012 Summer Paralympics he won gold at the -100 kg category, with the new world record (249 kg).
# Khedivial Opera House

The Khedivial Opera House or Royal Opera House (Arabic: دار الأوبرا الخديوية / ALA-LC: Dār Awbirā al-Khudaywī) was an opera house in Cairo, Egypt, the oldest opera house in all of Africa. It was inaugurated on 1 November 1869 and it burned down on 28 October 1971.
The opera house was built on the orders of the Khedive Ismail to celebrate the opening of the Suez Canal. The Italian architect Pietro Avoscani (perhaps assisted by one Mario Rossi) designed the building. It seated approximately 850 people and was made mostly of wood. It was located between the districts of Azbakeya and Ismailyya in Egypt's capital city.
Verdi's opera Rigoletto was the first opera performed at the opera house on 1 November 1869. Ismail planned a grander exhibition for his new theatre. After months of delay due to the outbreak of the Franco-Prussian War, Verdi's new opera, Aida (set in the Old Kingdom of Egypt), received its world premiere at the Khedivial Opera House on 24 December 1871.
In the early morning hours of 28 October 1971, the opera house burned to the ground. The all-wooden building was quickly consumed, and only two statues made by Mohamed Hassan survived.
After the original opera house was destroyed, Cairo was without an opera house for nearly two decades until the opening of the new Cairo Opera House in 1988.
The site of the Khedivial Opera House has been rebuilt into a multi-story concrete car garage. The square (to the south of Al Ataba metro station) overlooking the building's location, is still called Opera Square (Meidan El Opera)
# Tomasz Marzecki

Tadeusz Tomasz Marzecki (born 16 April 1949) is a Polish voiceover provider, narrator and dubbing director who rarely appears in person on TV or in film.

## Biography

In 1972 he graduated from the Aleksander Zelwerowicz National Academy of Dramatic Art in Warsaw.
For many years he has been associated with Polish Radio, and has participated in dozens of radio dramas. His most well-known role is in Matysiakowie as Tom Piekarski (1985–present). He is also known for providing the voice for Xardas in the Gothic video game series.
He provided the voice of the Air Conditioner in the Polish dub of The Brave Little Toaster.
His voice can be heard on TVP1's "Ktokolwiek widział, ktokolwiek wie", as well as for various other occasions (e.g. national holidays) broadcast on the same channel - a state owned network.
During the funeral of President Lech Kaczynski and his wife Maria on 18 April 2010, broadcast by TVP, he read fragments of Juliusz Słowacki's poetry.
In the fictionalized film about General Tadeusz Rozwadowski "The Forgotten General" - Zapomniany generał (2012) he played the lead character.
He was awarded the Gold Cross of Merit in 2001.
# Aristotle of Argos

Aristotle of Argos (or Aristoteles, Greek: Ἀριστοτέλης; fl. 3rd century BC), was a prominent political figure in Argos and a close associate of Aratus of Sicyon. In 224 BC, he was a key member of the faction in Argos that opposed the Spartan king Cleomenes III. Following Cleomenes' capture of the city, Aristotle led a bold attack on the Spartan garrison in an effort to restore Argos' affiliation with the Achaean League. His actions demonstrate his commitment to Argos' autonomy and his alignment with the Achaean League's interests.
Some historians suggest that Aristotle of Argos may be identical to Aristotle, the renowned philosopher and dialectician, who orchestrated the successful plot to assassinate Abantidas, the tyrant of Sicyon, in 252 BC. However, considering the philosopher's advanced age at that time, it is more plausible that Aristotle of Argos was a younger relative or son of the philosopher, rather than the famous Aristotle himself.
# Dnu Huntrakul

Dnu Huntrakul (Thai: ดนู ฮันตระกูล), born March 26, 1950, is a prominent Thai composer and chamber musician who has been active in the musical life of Thailand since the 1960s. Among his works is The Light of Asia, performed at the 1998 Asian Games in Bangkok, and the Chao Phraya Suite for Orchestra.
Huntrakul is of Chinese descent. The Huntrakul family has ancestral origins from Wenchang in Hainan.