OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Tetraloop

Tetraloops are a type of four-base hairpin loop motifs in RNA secondary structure that cap many double helices. There are many variants of the tetraloop. The published ones include ANYA, CUYG, GNRA, UNAC and UNCG.
Three types of tetraloops are common in ribosomal RNA: GNRA, UNCG and CUUG, in which the N could be either uracil, adenine, cytosine, or guanine, and the R is either guanine or adenine. These three sequences form stable and conserved tetraloops that play an important role in structural stability and biological function of 16S rRNA.
* GNRA
** The GNRA tetraloop has a guanine-adenine base-pair where the guanine is 5' to the helix and the adenine is 3' to the helix. Tetraloops with the sequence UMAC have essentially the same backbone fold as the GNRA tetraloop, but may be less likely to form tetraloop-receptor interactions. They may therefore be a better choice for closing stems when designing artificial RNAs.
** The presence of the GNRA tetraloop provides an exceptional stability to RNA structure. GNRA occurs 50% more than other tetranucleotides due to their ability to withstand temperatures 4 °C higher than other RNA hairpins. This allows them to act as nucleation sites for proper folding of RNA. The rare hydrogen bonds between the first guanine and fourth adenine nucleotide, extensive stacking of nucleotide bases and hydrogen bonds between 2' OH of a ribose sugar and nitrogenous bases makes the tetraloop thermodynamically stable.
* UNCG
** In the UNCG is favorable thermodynamically and structurally due to hydrogen bonding, van der Waals interactions, coulombic interactions and the interactions between the RNA and the solvent. The UNCG tetraloops are more stable than DNA loops with the same sequence. The UUCG tetraloop is the most stable tetraloop. UUCG and GNRA tetraloops make up 70% of all tetraloops in 16S-rRNA .
* CUUG
** The CUUG tetraloop has the highest likelihood of conformational changes due to its structural flexibility. Out of the three tetraloops mentioned, this tetraloop is the most flexible since the second uracil is comparatively unrestricted. It is also very thermodynamically stable.
# Uranovo

Uranovo (Russian: Ураново; Bashkir: Уран, Uran) is a rural locality (a village) in Karansky Selsoviet, Buzdyaksky District, Bashkortostan, Russia. The population was 419 as of 2010. There are 6 streets.

## Geography

Uranovo is located 19 km north of Buzdyak (the district's administrative centre) by road. Karan is the nearest rural locality.
# Volkovskoye Municipal Okrug

Volkovskoye Okrug (Russian: Волковское округ) is a municipal okrug in Frunzensky District, one of the eighty-one low-level municipal divisions of the federal city of St. Petersburg, Russia. As of the 2010 Census, its population was 59,277.

## About

The okrug has its own symbols - coat of arms, sign and flag. Wolf, an element of the coat of arms, is a symbol of the Volkovka River.
Historical monuments of the district include the Resurrection Church, founded in the 18th century, the Palace of Culture of Zheleznodorozhnikov (former Ligovsky People's House of Countess Panina) - the 19th century, the Literatorskie Mostki memorial - the 19th century.
The Frunzensky district of the city was formed in 1936, and finally formed in 1956.
The area is served by metro stations Obvodny Kanal, Volkovskaya and Bukharestskaya. In March 2020 the Volkovskoya station was one of the locations (along with Ostankino Tower, RKA Mission Control Center, Twitter headquarters in San Francisco, and at least one Aeroflot flight) that were the subject of a bioterrorism threat posted by group of hackers onto various websites and Twitter feeds.

## Facilities

Housing stock - 177 buildings (with a total area of over 2 million square meters)
Secondary schools - 13
Preschool institutions - 14
Polyclinics - 3
Libraries - 2
Large shopping centers - 19
Consumer service enterprises - 13
# Farrokhabad, Rafsanjan

Farrokhabad (Persian: فرخ اباد, also Romanized as Farrokhābād; also known as Farrokhābād-e Raẕavī) is a village in Qasemabad Rural District, in the Central District of Rafsanjan County, Kerman Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 73, in 16 families.
# Lovund Church

Lovund Church (Norwegian: Lovund kirke) is a chapel of the Church of Norway in Lurøy Municipality in Nordland county, Norway. It is located in the island village of Lovund. It is an annex chapel in the Lurøy parish which is part of the Nord-Helgeland prosti (deanery) in the Diocese of Sør-Hålogaland. The white, wooden chapel was built in a long church style in 1960 using plans drawn up by the architects John Egil Tverdahl, Petter Andersen, and Harald Myrvang. The building was consecrated on 11 September 1960 by the Bishop Hans Edvard Wisløff.
# Bezakshan

Bezakshan (Persian: بزكشان, also Romanized as Bezaḵshān) is a village in Meyghan Rural District, in the Central District of Nehbandan County, South Khorasan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 7, in 4 families.
# Ishtybayevo

Ishtybayevo (Russian: Иштыбаево; Bashkir: Иштебай, İştebay) is a rural locality (a village) in Bolsheshadinsky Selsoviet, Mishkinsky District, Bashkortostan, Russia. The population was 295 as of 2010. There are 5 streets.

## Geography

Ishtybayevo is located 15 km north of Mishkino (the district's administrative centre) by road. Karasimovo is the nearest rural locality.
# Lorina Kamburova

Lorina Kamburova (Bulgarian: Лорина Камбурова; 25 October 1991 – 27 May 2021) was a Bulgarian actress.

## Biography

In 2014, Kamburova graduated from the National Academy for Theatre and Film Arts in Sofia. She later played in among others Nightworld, Leatherface, Doom: Annihilation.

## Death

Kamburova died in Moscow on 27 May 2021, at the age of 29, during her sleep. She needed a lung transplant and was planning one at a hospital in Vienna. Lorina recovered from bilateral pneumonia and COVID-19, but developed further post COVID-19 complications. Her funeral took place on 6 June 2021, in her birth place Varna.

## Filmography

Film roles :
| Year | Title | Role | Notes |
| 2011 | Hello, Love, Goodbye | Lora | Short film |
| 2017 | Nightworld | Zara | |
| 2017 | Leatherface | Betty Hartman | |
| 2018 | Day of the Dead: Bloodline | Abby | |
| 2018 | Crystal Inferno | Adria | Also known as Inferno: Skyscraper Escape |
| 2018 | Death Race: Beyond Anarchy | Nazi Girl | Direct-to-video |
| 2019 | I Know What You Did | Receptionist | Short film |
| 2019 | Doom: Annihilation | Dr. Sandy Peterson | Direct-to-video |
| 2020 | Last Call | The Bride | |
| 2021 | Loveness and Monsters | Boyana | |
| 2021 | Enslaved | Elena | Short film |
| 2021 | The Giaour | Dancing Girl | |
Television roles :
| Year | Title | Role | Notes |
| 2015–2016 | Ties | Lea / Liya | |
| 2015–2016 | Total Drama Presents: The Ridonculous Race | Emma, Kitty | Bulgarian dub |
| 2018 | Dear Heirs | Ana | |
| 2020 | The young and the strong survive | Sergeant Collins | TV Mini-Series |
# Shali, Chechen Republic

Shali (Russian: Шали́; Chechen: Шела, Şela) is a town and the administrative center of Shalinsky District of the Chechen Republic, Russia. Population: 47,708 (2010 Census); 40,356 (2002 Census); 24,985 (1989 Soviet census).

## History

Sheikh Mansur was based here in 1786.

### Killed civilians during modern warfare (1994—present days)

On January 3, 1995, during the course of the First Chechen War, Shali was repeatedly bombed with cluster bombs by Russian jet aircraft.
War journalist Anna Politkovskaya said that on January 9 and 10, 2000, Russian forces killed more than 200 civilians by a missile and mortar shelling in Shali.

## Climate

Shali has a humid continental climate (Köppen climate classification: Dfa).
Climate data for Shali :
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 1.1 (34.0) | 2.8 (37.0) | 8.2 (46.8) | 17.0 (62.6) | 23.0 (73.4) | 27.3 (81.1) | 30.0 (86.0) | 29.4 (84.9) | 24.1 (75.4) | 16.6 (61.9) | 9.2 (48.6) | 3.5 (38.3) | 16.0 (60.8) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | −2.3 (27.9) | −1.0 (30.2) | 3.9 (39.0) | 11.2 (52.2) | 17.1 (62.8) | 21.3 (70.3) | 24.2 (75.6) | 23.5 (74.3) | 18.4 (65.1) | 11.7 (53.1) | 5.5 (41.9) | 0.4 (32.7) | 11.2 (52.1) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −5.7 (21.7) | −4.8 (23.4) | −0.4 (31.3) | 5.4 (41.7) | 11.2 (52.2) | 15.4 (59.7) | 18.4 (65.1) | 17.6 (63.7) | 12.8 (55.0) | 6.8 (44.2) | 1.8 (35.2) | −2.6 (27.3) | 6.3 (43.4) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 22 (0.9) | 25 (1.0) | 25 (1.0) | 39 (1.5) | 65 (2.6) | 78 (3.1) | 60 (2.4) | 47 (1.9) | 41 (1.6) | 34 (1.3) | 31 (1.2) | 24 (0.9) | 491 (19.4) |
| Source: ||||||||||||||

## Administrative and municipal status

Within the framework of administrative divisions, Shali serves as the administrative center of Shalinsky District. As an administrative division, it is incorporated within Shalinsky District as Shali Town Administration. As a municipal division, Shali Town Administration is incorporated within Shalinsky Municipal District as Shalinskoye Urban Settlement.
# Qameshlu, Sojas Rud

Qameshlu (Persian: قمشلو, also Romanized as Qameshlū; also known as Gomeshlū, Gowmeshlū, Kūkūshlu, Kūshgūnlū, Kushkunu, Kūshlū, and Qīmishlu) is a village in Aq Bolagh Rural District, Sojas Rud District, Khodabandeh County, Zanjan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 77, in 12 families.
# Omarshal

Omarshal (Persian: عمرشال, also Romanized as ‘Omarshāl) is a village in Shuy Rural District, in the Central District of Baneh County, Kurdistan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 239, in 44 families. The village is populated by Kurds.
# 1981 Lehigh Engineers football team

The 1981 Lehigh Engineers football team was an American football team that represented Lehigh University as an independent during the 1981 NCAA Division I-AA football season.
In their sixth year under head coach John Whitehead, the Engineers compiled an 8–3 record. Joe Macellara and Larry Michalski were the team captains.
Lehigh played its home games at Taylor Stadium on the university's main campus in Bethlehem, Pennsylvania.

## Schedule

| Date | Opponent | Rank | Site | Result | Attendance |
| September 12 | Maine | | Taylor StadiumBethlehem, PA | W 24–10 | 10,000 |
| September 19 | at Colgate | | Andy Kerr StadiumHamilton, NY | L 14–27 | 5,800 |
| September 26 | Penn | | Taylor StadiumBethlehem, PA | W 58–0 | 11,436 |
| October 3 | at No. 1 Delaware | | Delaware StadiumNewark, DE (rivalry) | W 24–21 | 22,784 |
| October 10 | Connecticut | No. 6 | Taylor StadiumBethlehem, PA | W 21–17 | 11,874 |
| October 17 | at No. 10 New Hampshire | No. 5 | Cowell StadiumDurham, NH | L 12–13 | 17,500 |
| October 24 | at Bucknell | No. 10 | Memorial Stadium9Lewisburg, PA | W 18–0 | 8,800 |
| October 31 | Davidson | No. 9 | Taylor StadiumBethlehem, PA | W 69–7 | |
| November 7 | Millersville | No. 8 | Taylor StadiumBethlehem, PA | W 40–7 | 10,000 |
| November 14 | at Northeastern | No. 8 | Parsons FieldBrookline, MA | W 23–20 | 3,240 |
| November 21 | Lafayette | No. 6 | Taylor StadiumBethlehem, PA (The Rivalry) | L 3–10 | 19,000 |
| ^ Parents DayRankings from NCAA Division I-AA Football Committee Poll released prior to the game |||||||
# Belene Island

Belene Island (Bulgarian: остров Белене, romanized: ostrov Belene) or Persin Island (Bulgarian: остров Персин, romanized: ostrov Persin) is the biggest island in Bulgarian waters. The island is formed by the Danube River splitting into two branches passing north and south of it. The international frontier between Bulgaria and Romania follows the north branch of the river and therefore Belene Island is part of the Bulgarian territory. The island is 14.5 kilometres (9.0 mi) long and reaching 6 km (3.7 mi) in width; it is located in the Danube, north of the town of Belene. Belene Island is the fourth biggest Danube island: during an average tide it is 41.078 square kilometres (15.860 sq mi) in area. During a high tide, parts of the island are submerged. The island is connected to the town of Belene with a pontoon bridge.
Belene Island is a part of the Belene Islands Complex and of the Persina Natural Park, a home to over 170 species of rare water birds, such as the glossy ibis, pygmy cormorant, lesser grey shrike, red-breasted goose and others. The flora of Belene Island is represented by willows, poplars and aspens; there is some arable land. The island was formed of alluvial sediments.
The island is infamous for the Belene concentration camp, which held political prisoners between 1949–1953 and 1956–1959. The Belene Prison is still operating as a penitentiary in the western part of the island, while the eastern part is a managed natural reserve.
A battle took place on neighboring Cinghinarele Island in early October 1916, during World War I.
# Sagrado

Sagrado (Italian:; Bisiacco: Sagrà; Friulian: Segrât; Slovene: Zagraj) is a comune (municipality) in the Regional decentralization entity of Gorizia in the Italian region of Friuli-Venezia Giulia, located about 35 kilometres (22 mi) northwest of Trieste and about 13 kilometres (8 mi) southwest of Gorizia, on the left bank of the Isonzo River.
Sagrado is nearby the Monte San Michele, the seat of fierce fightings between Italy and Austria-Hungary during World War I.

## Transport

Sagrado railway station is served by trains to Trieste, Udine, Treviso and Venice.

## Twin towns

* Branik, Slovenia
* Győrság, Hungary
* Poggersdorf, Austria
# Tazzarine

Tazzarine (Arabic: تازارين, Berber languages: Tazarin, ⵜⴰⵣⴰⵔⵉⵏ, also spelled as Tazarine) is a small city and rural commune in Zagora Province, Morocco. It is located at around 30°46′20″N 5°32′45″W﻿ / ﻿30.77222°N 5.54583°W﻿ / 30.77222; -5.54583 in the area of the Jbel Saghro. The commune includes the small villages of Tamsahelte, Timarighin and Oum raman. The neighboring municipalities are N'kob in the northwest, Taghbalt and Ait Boudaoud. The town has about five marabout tombs. All these graves are for spiritual leadership. Nearby Tazzarine is the petroglyphs site of Ait Ouazik. These rock carvings date from approximately 5000 years BC. According to the 2004 population estimation, the town has a population of about 13,721 people.
It features prominently in the 2006 film Babel.

## Economy

Tazzarine's economy depends on agriculture, tourism and trade. In addition, many families live on the money sent by relatives working in Europe. The weekly open-air market (souk) is held Wednesday in the city center.

## Features

| Way out of N'kob, direction Tazzarine in south Morocco | A Couscous plate from Tazzarine. | Mountains in the regions of Tazzarine. |

## Neighboring municipalities

* 1. Ait Boudaoud
* 2. Taghbalte
* 3. N'kob
* 4. Ait Ouallal ( Ait Ouzzine)
# Herschel Girls' School

Herschel Girls School is a private, weekly boarding and day school for girls, located in Claremont, a southern suburb of Cape Town, Western Cape, South Africa. The school has pre-nursery through to grade 12 and is affiliated with the Anglican church, which owns the school buildings.
The school, described as "one of the country's best-known schools for girls", is one of the top performing schools in South Africa, achieving the highest academic results in the country for National Senior Certificate exams in 2019. The purpose of Herschel Girls School is and always has been to provide an empowering education for girls and to be a leader in girls’ education and advocacy for women in South Africa. Herschel Girls School is one of the most expensive schools in South Africa. There are waiting lists for every grade, including pre-nursery.

## Notable alumnae

* Alide Dasnois, journalist and newspaper editor
* Margaret Elsworth, founder of the African Scholars' Fund and the African Scholars' Fund UK
* Sue MacGregor, BBC Radio 4 broadcaster
* Diana E. H. Russell, feminist scholar and activist
* Pauline Vogelpoel, arts administrator
* Zoe Beyers, BBC Philharmonic concertmaster
* Kayla de Waal, South African field hockey player
# Gopeš

Gopeš (Macedonian: Гопеш, Aromanian: Gopish) is a village in the municipality of Bitola, North Macedonia. It used to be part of the former municipality of Capari.

## History

Gopeš is an old Aromanian settlement in the region and its establishment dates possibly prior to the Ottoman conquest of the Balkans. During the first World War, Gopeš was occupied by the Bulgarian military who evacuated most of the Aromanian villagers and sent them into the interior of Bulgaria and Serbia. The relocation of local Aromanians was due to Bulgarian forces being concerned that pro-Greek and pro-Serbian sympathies existed among them resulting in possible cooperation with the Entente Allies. While in exile, some villagers had to fend for themselves whereas others for the Bulgarians did forced labour. In 1919 only 110 families returned to Gopeš from a previous 300 families that inhabited the village prior to the war.

## Demographics

As of the 2021 census, Gopeš had 1 resident with the following ethnic composition:
* Vlachs 1
According to the 2002 census, the village had a total of 0 inhabitants.

## Notable people

* Naum Torbov (1880–1952), Bulgarian Aromanian architect
# Athymhormic syndrome

Athymhormic syndrome (from Ancient Greek θυμός thūmós, "mood" or "affect", and hormḗ, "impulse", "drive" or "appetite"), psychic akinesia, or auto-activation deficit (AAD) is a rare psychopathological and neurological syndrome characterized by extreme passivity, apathy, blunted affect and a profound generalized loss of self-motivation and conscious thought. For example, a patient spent 45 minutes with his hands on a lawn mower, totally unable to initiate the act of mowing. This "kinetic blockade" disappeared instantaneously when his son told him to move. The existence of such symptoms in patients after damage to certain structures in the brain has been used in support of a physical model of motivation in human beings, wherein the limbic loop of the basal ganglia is the initiator of directed action and thought. It is a disorder of diminished motivation.
First described by French neurologist Dominique Laplane in 1982 as "PAP syndrome" (French: perte d'auto-activation psychique, or "loss of psychic autoactivation"), the syndrome is believed to be due to damage to areas of the basal ganglia or frontal cortex, specifically the striatum and globus pallidus, responsible for motivation and executive functions. It may occur without any preexisting psychiatric condition.

## Symptoms

It is characterized by an absence of voluntary motion without any apparent motor deficit, and patients often describe a complete mental void or blank. This is accompanied by reduced affect or emotional concern (athymhormy) and often by compulsions, repetitive actions, or tics. After stimulation from the outside, such as a direct command, the patient is able to move normally and carry out complex physical and mental tasks for as long as they are prompted to continue.
The symptoms may be differentiated from depression because depression requires the existence of sadness or negative thoughts, while athymhormic patients claim to have complete lack of thoughts, positive or negative.
# Heads and Tails (TV series)

Heads and Tails is a BBC TV's children's programme written and produced by Michael Cole with voices and music by Derek Griffiths. The 15 minute programme designed for pre-school children, featured archive and specially shot footage of domestic and wild animals. The narration was interspersed with comical conversations between animals and songs, often referring to certain animal characteristics in humorous ways, such as the nose of the proboscis monkey. The programme was first aired on BBC in 1977 with a second series in 1979. In 1980 a vinyl LP was realised with songs written by Cole and performed by Derek Griffiths.
Cole and Griffiths had previously worked together on Play School and Bod.

## Heads and Tails Vinyl LP

Released in 1980 by BBC records, with lyrics by Michael Cole and music by Derek Griffiths
Side 1 - Dog-a-Long
01 Heads and Tails / Wag-a-Lot / Dog-a-Long
02 Ladybird / Ants / Butterflies
03 Foxtrot Territory
04 Pigs On the Trot / Wallowing Good
05 Silence Too Has a Tale to Tell
06 Diving Ducks
07 Clumsy Swan
08 Gulls
09 Dig In Quick
Side 2 - The World Over
10 Life Gets Everywhere
11 Too Hot to Handle / Hey Mum!
12 The World Over
13 Run Cheetah Run
14 Coat of Many Colours
15 Proboscis Monkeys / Colobus Monkey
16 Home Is a Hole
17 Get Up and Go
# Gerolamo Gradenigo

Gerolamo Gradenigo (Latin: Hieronymus Gradonicus 1597 – 1657) was Patriarch of Aquileia from 1656 to 1657.

## Life

Gerolamo Gradenigo was born probably in Venice in August 1597 to the Gradenigo family, one of the noblest among the Venetian aristocracy, son of Giovanni Giacomo. He took the ecclesiastic life and became Primicerio (i.e. first priest of the canons) of the cathedral of Candia.
His older brother, Marco Gradenigo, has been appointed in 1629 Patriarch of Aquileia, and since 1641 he asked the Pope to appoint his brother Gerolamo as his coadjutor bishop with the right of succession, as usual for that Patriarchate in order to exclude any appointments by the Holy Roman Emperor. The appointment as coadjutor bishop of Aquileia, with the formal title of bishop of Madaurus, occurred on 25 April 1645. He received the episcopal consecration in the monastic church of Santa Maria degli Angeli, Murano on 21 September 1646 by the hands of the bishop of Torcello Marco Antonio Martinengo. On 6 July 1654 his title was changed in titular bishop of Famagusta.
At the death of his brother Marco, on 16 February 1656, Gerolamo became immediately Patriarch of Aquileia. Already on 16 March 1656 the new patriarch asked the pope to appoint his relative Giovanni Delfino as coadjutor bishop of Aquileia, a request which was accepted on 23 June.
Gerolamo Gradenigo died on 19 December 1657, and was buried in the church of San Clemente in Venice.
# Sikandarabad, Gilgit–Baltistan

Sikandarabad (Urdu: سکندر آباد) is a headquarter of the Nagar District of Gilgit–Baltistan in Pakistan. It is the headquarters of Nagar 2 tehsil. Sikandarabad is located on the Karakoram Highway.
Sikandarabad is a mountainous area in the Karakoram range". It is near the base camp of Rakaposhi mountain. Opposite Sikandarabad there are the great Himalaya range mountains. It contains many fruit trees and also vegetables, for example, cherry, apples, peach, apricot, potatoes, and maize. It also has dry fruits trees, for example, walnut, almond, and dry apricot. Sikandarabad Nagar is home to a population of approximately 5000 residents.
Sikandarabad Nagar serves as the headquarters of the Nagar Valley district. The town plays host to several governmental and administrative offices, including the District Headquarters (DHQ) hospital, which serves as a crucial healthcare facility catering to the medical needs of the local populace. Additionally, various other district administration offices are housed within Sikandarabad Nagar, facilitating the provision of public services to the residents of the Nagar Valley.
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