OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# List of ambassadors of the United Kingdom to the Czech Republic

The Ambassador of the United Kingdom to the Czech Republic is the United Kingdom's foremost diplomatic representative in the Czech Republic, and head of the UK's diplomatic mission there. The official title is His Britannic Majesty's Ambassador to the Czech Republic.
This list includes British ambassadors to Czechoslovakia, which divided into the Czech Republic and Slovakia in 1993.

## Heads of Mission
### Ambassadors to Czechoslovakia

| Name | Tenure Begin | Tenure End | British monarch | Czechoslovak president |
| Sir George Clerk | 1919 | 1926 | George V | Tomáš Garrigue Masaryk |
| Sir James Macleay | 1926 | 1930 | George V | Tomáš Garrigue Masaryk |
| Sir Joseph Addison | 1930 | 1936 | George V | Tomáš Garrigue Masaryk |
| Sir Charles Bentinck | 1936 | 1937 | George VI | Edvard Beneš |
| Sir Basil Newton | 1937 | 1939 | George VI | Edvard Beneš |
| Sir Robert Bruce Lockhart | 21 July 1940 | 1941 | George VI | Edvard Beneš |
| Frank Roberts (Chargé d'affaires) | 18 July 1941 | 1941 | George VI | Edvard Beneš |
| Sir Philip Nichols | 27 October 1941 | 1947 | George VI | Edvard Beneš |
| Sir Pierson Dixon | 1948 | 1950 | George VI | Klement Gottwald |
| Sir Philip Broadmead | 1950 | 1953 | George VI | Klement Gottwald |
| Sir Derwent Kermode | 1953 | 1955 | Elizabeth II | Antonín Zápotocký |
| Sir Clinton Pelham | 5 May 1955 | 1957 | Elizabeth II | Antonín Zápotocký |
| Sir Paul Grey | 28 June 1957 | 1960 | Elizabeth II | Antonín Novotný |
| Sir Cecil Parrott | 1960 | 1966 | Elizabeth II | Antonín Novotný |
| Sir William Barker | 1966 | 1968 | Elizabeth II | Antonín Novotný |
| Sir Howard Smith | 1968 | 1971 | Elizabeth II | Ludvík Svoboda |
| Ronald Scrivener | 1971 | 1974 | Elizabeth II | Ludvík Svoboda |
| Edward Willan | 1974 | 1977 | Elizabeth II | Ludvík Svoboda→ Gustáv Husák |
| Peter Male | 1977 | 1980 | Elizabeth II | Gustáv Husák |
| John Rich | 1980 | 1985 | Elizabeth II | Gustáv Husák |
| Sir Stephen Barrett | 1985 | 1988 | Elizabeth II | Gustáv Husák |
| Laurence O'Keeffe | 1988 | 1991 | Elizabeth II | Gustáv Husák→ Václav Havel |
| David Brighty | 1991 | 1993 | Elizabeth II | Václav Havel |

### Ambassadors to the Czech Republic

| Name | Tenure Begin | Tenure End | British monarch | Czech president |
| David Brighty | 1993 | 1994 | Elizabeth II | Václav Havel |
| Sir Michael Burton | 1994 | 1997 | Elizabeth II | Václav Havel |
| David Broucher | 1997 | 2001 | Elizabeth II | Václav Havel |
| Anne Pringle | 2001 | 2004 | Elizabeth II | Václav Havel→Václav Klaus |
| Linda Duffield | 2004 | 2009 | Elizabeth II | Václav Klaus |
| Sian MacLeod | 2009 | 2013 | Elizabeth II | Václav Klaus |
| Jan Thompson | 2013 | 2018 | Elizabeth II | Miloš Zeman |
| Nick Archer | 2018 | 2022 | Elizabeth II→Charles III | Miloš Zeman |
| Matt Field | 2023 | | Charles III | Miloš Zeman→Petr Pavel |
# Bozan, Iraq

Bozan (Arabic: بزان, Kurdish: بۆزان, romanized: Bozan, Syriac: Beṯ Bōzi) is a village in Nineveh Governorate, Iraq. It is located in the Tel Kaif District in the Nineveh Plains and mostly inhabited by Yazidis.
In the village, it is claimed that there are 360 Yazidi religious monuments, for which it is known as "Little Lalish" (Kurdish: Lalişa Piçuk).

## History

Bozan is first attested as an Assyrian Christian village with the name Beṯ Bōzi and its population adhered either to the Church of the East or the Syriac Orthodox Church. A monastery is known to have existed at the village, which is believed to have remained mostly Christian until the thirteenth or fourteenth centuries. Several Yazidi mausoleums were constructed at Bozan in the 12th century, including that of Sheikh Alû Bekir, Sheikh Chams, Pîr Alî & Pîr Buwal, Xetî Besî, whilst the mausoleum of Sheikh Adî was built in the 13th century, and the mausoleums of Ruale Kevînîye and Sheikh Mand Pacha date to the 14th century.
Most of Bozan's population of 6000 people fled to Zakho at the approach of the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (ISIL) offensive in August 2014, whilst a number of locals remained to defend the village. However, the ISIL fighters did not reach the village and its population began to return a month later. By June 2018, the village's population had recovered to 5000 people with 1000 families, and was also inhabited by roughly 300 displaced Yazidi families from Sinjar.
# Manina Vlizianon

Manina Vlizianon (Greek: Μάνινα Βλιζιανών, Aromanian: Calendzi) is an Aromanian (Vlach) village in Xiromero municipality, Greece. The 2021 census recorded 148 residents in the village. The community of Manina Vlizianon is a part of the community of Strongylovouni.

## History

Manina Vlizianon, together with the other Vlach settlements of Aetolia-Acarnania, was created in the midst of the 19th century, by people that fled the village of Bitsikopoulo, in Epirus, after a string of assaults by Turkish and Albanian bandits.
# Lewis Ledyard Weld

Lewis Ledyard Weld (May 13, 1833 – January 10, 1865) was an American lawyer, politician, and Union Army officer.
Weld, the third son of Lewis Weld, was born in Hartford, Connecticut, May 13, 1833.
He graduated from Yale College in 1854. After two years spent in teaching, he pursued the study of law in Cleveland, Ohio and New York City, and he was subsequently admitted to the bar in 1857. In 1858-1859 he was settled as an Attorney at Leavenworth, Kansas, and he took strong opposition to the Lecompton Constitution. Afterward, he moved to the neighborhood of Pike's Peak, settled in Denver, Colorado, and continued the practice of his profession.
When the Colorado Territory was organized in 1861, he was made the Secretary of State of Colorado, and was, for some time, the Acting Governor, exerting a powerful influence for the maintenance of the national authority. He is the namesake of Weld County, Colorado.
In 1862, he resigned his office, aiming to engage in military service. While awaiting a suitable opportunity he edited the Denver Commonwealth newspaper. In Oct 1863, he passed the examining board as Major, and subsequently became Lieutenant Colonel of the 41st U.S. Colored Troops. He served in Maryland, South Carolina, Florida, and in the Army of the James before Richmond, Virginia, where he died Jan. 10, 1865, from an acute disease brought on by exposure.
Lewis' brother, Charles Theodore Weld, also served in the Civil War. Charles died in May 1863 of wounds he suffered during the Battle of Chancellorsville in Virginia. A memorial to both brothers was erected in Hartford's Old North Cemetery in 1865.
This article incorporates public domain material from the Yale Obituary Record.
# Gone with the Wind in the Vatican

Gone with the Wind in the Vatican (Italian: Via col Vento in Vaticano) is a book that was published in 1999, about nepotism, homosexual scandals, corruption, "clientism" and even Satanism within Vatican City, written under the pseudonym I Millenari ("The Millenarians"), a possible anagram of "Marinelli".
The book, published by Kaos Edizione of Milan, sold 100,000 copies in its first three weeks alone and went out of print within the year, before foreign-language editions became available.

## Authors

Monsignor Luigi Marinelli, a 72-year-old retired priest and former member of the Vatican's Congregation for Eastern Churches, admitted to his involvement in the 288-page book in 1999, and other curial priests are suspected to be his co-authors. Marinelli says that he had "nine or ten co-authors". According to Marinelli, "The book does not question the sanctity of Jesus Christ, the Eucharist or the Catholic Church. It just points out that the Vatican is made up of men, who, like me, are flawed."

## Contents

The main characters in the book are given pseudonyms from Margaret Mitchell's Gone with the Wind (1936). However, some of them have been identified, among them Cardinal Achille Silvestrini, Martinelli's former supervisor.
One anecdote in the book details a bishop being blackmailed by an illegitimate daughter. The book also raises questions about the death of Pope John Paul I. According to the book, Satanic masses have been celebrated inside the Vatican, with hooded participants naked from the waist down. Another anecdote details an affair between a young priest at the nunciature in Bern, Switzerland and a nun, who are both reassigned – the nun significantly less gainfully – with the help of the priest's influential Vatican patron.

## Reception

Some critics regard the work as little more than "another recent catalogue of papal sin" and consider the majority of its details dubious. Others have a more favorable view of the work, considering it a "kiss-and-tell classic".
# Amanhã é 23

"Amanhã é 23" (English: Tomorrow Is 23rd) is a Brazilian pop song written by Paula Toller and George Israel and performed by their band Kid Abelha in the album Tomate (1987).

## Song information

The song is narrated by a woman who suffers from depression in late August of each year. It is then revealed the cause of her depression; the following day (August 23, hence the title) is the twentieth birthday of her rebellious teenage daughter who she has not seen for years. She longs to kiss and embrace her daughter, but she is certain that it will not happen. The daughter has, presumably, run away from home because of her indifference towards her mother. Curiously, August 23 is the date of Toller's birthday.
This song may refer to Paula’s personal story as her mother has abandoned her when she was 5 years old. The music was written by Paula on her 25’ birthday. The song starts with the phrase “20 years ago you’re born”, meaning in reality the anniversary of the detachment of her mother from her family, as her mother had “reborn”.
In the song, Paula induces that she has an old photo from her mother and says that now she had grown up she hasn’t many similarities with her.
It is likely that her mother suffered of depression and that she showed a unhappy face in the photo mentioned, as the following lyrics says “your sad mien feeds my pain”. Her mother also may have looked posh as it is mentioned in the following sentence “your princess’ attitude, where have you got it from?”
Therefore the song may be a subtle message, a sad outburst from an internal child longing contact to her lost mother, as a present for her birthday - “tomorrow is 23 (August), 8 days to the end of the month. So long I haven’t seen you, I would like to have your kiss one more time”.

### Grammar inaccuracy

The title of the song is inaccurate according to the prescriptive grammar for Portuguese. Accordingly, the verb should have been used in its plural form (amanhã são 23) or in its singular form but preceded by the explicit object (amanhã é dia 23). The composers, however, must have been aware of this and decided to use this sentence on the song because it is widely used in casual language.
# Sattahip Bay

Sattahip Bay (Thai: อ่าวสัตหีบ, RTGS: Ao Sattahip, pronounced) is a bay in the east side of the Gulf of Siam or Gulf of Thailand. It is in Sattahip District, Chonburi Province, Thailand.

## History

Prince Abhakara Kiartivongse (1880–1923), son of King Chulalongkorn, inspected Sattahip Bay in 1922 and saw that it was an ideal place to establish a naval base. Subsequently, he offered royal land in Sattahip in order to build the present-day naval facilities.
Sattahip Bay is the part of the Sattahip Naval Base area, the largest base of the Royal Thai Navy.
Occasionally Sattahip Bay is invaded by jellyfish.

## Geography

Sattahip Bay lies at the south end of Chonburi Province. It is open towards the southwest and is bound by limestone rock formations forming peninsulas to the west over Laem Chalak and to the southeast at Khao Chong Khaep.

### Islands

There are several islands in the bay area, the largest being Ko Tao Mo, towards the western end of the mouth of the bay. Smaller Ko I Lao is the island further off-shore.
| Name | Thai Name | Location | Coordinates |
| Ko Tao Mo | เกาะเตาหม้อ | Sattahip Bay group | 12°38′17″N 100°52′13″E﻿ / ﻿12.63806°N 100.87028°E﻿ / 12.63806; 100.87028 |
| Ko Phra | เกาะพระ | Sattahip Bay group | 12°38′37″N 100°53′17″E﻿ / ﻿12.64361°N 100.88806°E﻿ / 12.64361; 100.88806 |
| Ko Phra Noi | เกาะพระน้อย | Sattahip Bay group | 12°38′46″N 100°53′15″E﻿ / ﻿12.64611°N 100.88750°E﻿ / 12.64611; 100.88750 |
| Ko I Lao | เกาะอีเลา | Sattahip Bay group | 12°36′42″N 100°52′32″E﻿ / ﻿12.61167°N 100.87556°E﻿ / 12.61167; 100.87556 |
| Ko Yo | เกาะยอ | Sattahip Bay group | 12°36′59″N 100°52′52″E﻿ / ﻿12.61639°N 100.88111°E﻿ / 12.61639; 100.88111 |
| Ko Mu | เกาะหมู | Sattahip Bay group | 12°37′26″N 100°54′3″E﻿ / ﻿12.62389°N 100.90083°E﻿ / 12.62389; 100.90083 |
| Ko Maeo | เกาะแมว | Sattahip Bay group | 12°36′40″N 100°53′21″E﻿ / ﻿12.61111°N 100.88917°E﻿ / 12.61111; 100.88917 |
| Ko Nang Ram | เกาะนางรำ | Sattahip Bay group | 12°36′59″N 100°56′3″E﻿ / ﻿12.61639°N 100.93417°E﻿ / 12.61639; 100.93417 |
| Ko Chorakhe | เกาะจระเข้ | Sattahip Bay group | 12°36′12″N 100°55′0″E﻿ / ﻿12.60333°N 100.91667°E﻿ / 12.60333; 100.91667 |
# Popivtsi

Popivtsi (Ukrainian: Попівці) is a village (selo) in Zolochiv Raion, Lviv Oblast, in western Ukraine. It belongs to Pidkamin settlement hromada, one of the hromadas of Ukraine.
From 1918 to 1939 the village was in Tarnopol Voivodeship in Poland.
Popivtsi also is the administrative center of the local rural council that includes five villages including Popivtsi. The other villages are Horbanivka, Dudyn, Nemyach, and Shpaky. The total population of those five villages is 1,722 over 32626 km$^2$.
Until 18 July 2020, Popivtsi belonged to Brody Raion. The raion was abolished in July 2020 as part of the administrative reform of Ukraine, which reduced the number of raions of Lviv Oblast to seven. The area of Brody Raion was merged into Zolochiv Raion.

## Notable residents

* Yaroslav Onyshchuk (born 1967), Ukrainian archaeologist, historian, scientist
# Douglas Provincial Park

Douglas Provincial Park is a provincial park in the Canadian province of Saskatchewan. Established in 1973, it is named after Tommy Douglas, the seventh premier of Saskatchewan and father of Canada's first single-payer, universal health care programme. The park is located along the Gordon McKenzie Arm of Lake Diefenbaker and at the Qu'Appelle River Dam, which is the source of the Qu'Appelle River. The closest community is Elbow and access to the park is from Highway 19.
Attractions to the park include access to Lake Diefenbaker, camping, hiking, and the Elbow Sand Hills. Less than 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) north of the park and just south of Elbow is Harbor Golf Club & Resort.

## Attractions and amenities

Located on the shores of Lake Diefenbaker, the largest body of water in southern Saskatchewan, Douglas Provincial Park has many recreational activities associated with the lake from swimming to boating to fishing. Inside the park, there is a campground, hiking trails, picnic area, and sand dunes.
There are 150 campsites in total, 140 of which are electrified. Campground services include laundry facilities, potable water, washrooms/showers, sani-dump, convenience store, concession stand, and a fish cleaning station.
Douglas Provincial Park has two different trail systems–the Trans Canada Trail and the Dunes Nature Centre Trail. The portion of the Trans Canada Trail in the park is about 12 kilometres (7.5 mi) long and it begins at the beach. It winds its way around the campground through birch forests and flat prairie with views of Lake Diefenbaker. The Trans Canada Trail continues on out of the park and heads north for about 30 kilometres (19 mi) towards Danielson Provincial Park. The Dunes Nature Centre Trails system is made up of different trails that traverse different parts of the sand dunes.

## Elbow Sand Hills

The Elbow Sand Hills, also known as Sand Hills and Douglas Sand Dunes, are glacially deposited sand dunes that cover an area of about 13,500 ha (33,000 acres) at the head of the Qu'Appelle River. The tallest dune is almost 30 metres (98 ft) high and more than a kilometre long.
The Elbow Sand Hills, and neighbouring Great Sand Hills, were formed about 12,000 years ago near the end of the last ice age. As the glaciers were retreating, they created proglacial lakes, spillways (South Saskatchewan Valley and Qu'Appelle Valley), and huge piles of sandy debris, glacial till, and moraines. This debris is what makes up the sand dunes.
Flora found in and around the dunes includes prairie grasses, western spiderworts, aspens, prickly pear cacti, and ball cacti.
# A Witness Tree

A Witness Tree is a poetry collection by Robert Frost, most of which are short lyric, first published in 1942 by Henry Holt and Company in New York. The collection was awarded the Pulitzer Prize for Poetry in 1943.

## Background

This collection was published after several unfortunate tragedies had occurred in Frost's personal life, including his daughter Marjorie's death in 1934, his wife's death in 1938, and his son Carol's suicide in 1940. Despite these losses, Frost continued to work on his poetry and eventually fell in love with his secretary Kay Marrison, who became the primary inspiration of the love poems in this collection. This collection is the last of Frost's books that demonstrates the seamless lyric quality of his earlier poems. The most popular poem of this volume is "The Gift Outright", which was recited at the presidential inauguration of John F. Kennedy in 1961.

## Contents

* Beech 9
* Sycamore 9
ONE OR TWO
* 1 The Silken Tent 13
* 2 All Revelation 14
* 3 Happiness Makes Up in Height for What It Lacks in Length 15
* 4 Come In 16
* 5 I Could Give All to Time 17
* 6 Carpe Diem 18
* 7 The Wind and the Rain 20
* 8 The Most of It 23
* 9 Never Again Would Birds’ Song Be the Same 24
* 10 The Subverted Flower 25
* 11 Wilful Homing 28
* 12 A Cloud Shadow 29
* 13 The Quest of the Purple-Fringed 30
* 14 The Discovery of the Madeiras 32
TWO OR MORE
* 1 The Gift Outright 41
* 2 Triple Bronze 42
* 3 Our Hold on the Planet 43
* 4 To a Young Wretch (Boethian) 44
* 5 The Lesson for Today 46
TIME OUT
* 1 Time Out 55
* 2 To a Moth Seen in Winter 56
* 3 A Considerable Speck (Microscopic) 57
* 4 The Lost Follower 59
* 5 November 61
* 6 The Rabbit Hunter 62
* 7 A Loose Mountain (Telescopic) 63
* 8 It Is Almost the Year Two Thousand 64
QUANTULA
* 1 In a Poem 67
* 2 On Our Sympathy with the Under Dog 68
* 3 A Question 69
* 4 Boeotian 70
* 5 The Secret Sits 71
* 6 An Equalizer 72
* 7 A Semi-Revolution 73
* 8 Assurance 74
* 9 An Answer 75
OVER BACK
* 1 Trespass 79
* 2 A Nature Note 80
* 3 Of the Stones of the Place 81
* 4 Not of School Age 82
* 5 A Serious Step Lightly Taken 84
* 6 The Literate Farmer and the Planet Venus 86
# Kinnitty

Kinnitty (Irish: Cionn Eitigh) is a village in County Offaly, Ireland. It is located 13 km east of Birr on the R440 and R421 roads. The village is in a civil parish of the same name.

## Name and location

The village derives its name from the myth that the head of an ancient princess is buried beneath the village, Ceann Eitigh being the "Head of Eiteach" in the Irish language - where Eiteach is the name of the princess. The village is situated at the foot of the Slieve Bloom Mountains in the ancient kingdom of Éile.

## Parish

Kinnity is also the name of the Roman Catholic parish. The present chapel was built around 1815.

## Amenities

Kinnitty is served by a primary school, creche, two churches, post office, community centre, children's playground, two pubs, café, some shops, a number of bed and breakfasts and a hotel (the modern day use of Kinnitty Castle). The trail head for the Slieve Bloom Mountain biking trails is located in the village of Kinnitty, as is one of the trailheads for the long distance Slieve Bloom Way walking route. Kinnitty Forest or Glenregan Forest is operated by Coillte and is located near the village.

## Buildings

There is an unusual pyramid-shaped tomb in the grounds of the St Finian's Church. It was built by the Bernard family who resided in Kinnitty Castle, on the site of St. Finnian's monastery. The 9th century Kinnitty High Cross is located at the front of Kinnitty Castle (now a hotel).

## Notable people

* Saint Finan Cam founded a monastery here around the end of the 6th century
* Rex Ingram, the Hollywood director, and his brother, Colonel Francis Clere Hitchcock MC, spent most of their early life here where their father was the parish rector. (The "Old Rectory" now a private home, can be seen from the Roscrea Road opposite the Church of Ireland.)
# Bafour

The Bafour or Bafur were a group of people inhabiting Mauritania and Western Sahara. Scholars such as H.T. Norris describe "Bafur (Bafour)" as a loose term encompassing the pre-Sanhaja inhabitants of the region, who were "part Berber, part Negro, and part Semite."

## History

Some historians believe that Bafour hunter-gatherers were the dominant population group in Mauritania during the Neolithic Era. Others propose that they were agriculturalists living in and around the Adrar Plateau, at that time the edge of the Sahara desert. The earliest European sources refer to the region as 'Adrar al Bafur', or 'Bafur Mountains'. They are credited with introducing irrigation and the cultivation of the date palm there. As Sanhaja Berber populations increasingly came to dominate the region, the Bafur mixed and traded with them.
Historian James L.A. Webb writes,
   "During the more humid period from c. 1450 or 1500 to c. 1600. the lands of the central and northern Gibla came to be settled once again, this time apparently by Bafur villagers. Bafur place-names and desert traditions about the Bafur survive, but little else. The ethnic identity of the Bafur apparently was transformed in the period before the late seventeenth century and absorbed into the ethnic categories of Wolof, Berber, and Fula, and thus remains somewhat mysterious."
According to Webb's study of oral traditions, from 1600 to 1850, in the pre-colonial period, there was a well-established commercial route between communities of the Senegambia reaching north to the Western Sahara and Mauritania. Over four centuries before that, Arabs mixed with Bafur and Berber Masufa in Wadan, in present-day Western Sahara. A group known as Idaw al-Hajj ("sons of pilgrims" in Hassaniya) gradually settled in trading areas of northwestern Senegal, from where they dominated the gum arabic trade, as well as shipment of grain from the Wolof region to the Bidan (white North Africans), and trade between Wolofs and the Maghreb for horses for their military campaigns. As is common among trading peoples, over time intermarriage had taken place between the Idaw al-Hajj and Wolof peoples, and the northerners gradually became assimilated into the sub-Saharan African community, including the use of Wolof as their language.

## Identification

The relationship between the Bafour and any modern-day West African ethnic group is unclear. They are at times referred to as the descendants of local pre-Berber peoples. Others have argued that they were initially a non-Sanhaja Berber group that later mixed with Soninke and Fula.
French art historian Jean Laude wrote, "In the pre-Islamic period (before the ninth century), according to oral tradition, Mauritania was occupied by the Bafour, a population of possibly mixed origin from whom the eastern Songhai, the central Soninke Wangara, and the western Serer are derived." They may also be the ancestors of the coastal Imraguen community.
# Jafarabad, Dowreh

Jafarabad (Persian: جعفراباد, also Romanized as Ja‘farābād) is a village in Shurab Rural District, Veysian District, Dowreh County, Lorestan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 36, in 6 families.