OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# James L. Bates

James Lawrence Bates (August 11, 1820–November 11, 1875) was a colonel in the Union Army during the American Civil War who was awarded the honorary grade of brevet brigadier general after the war. He was born in Weymouth, Massachusetts, and, in civilian life, was a merchant in the leather trade.

## Civil War

On June 26, 1861, Bates was commissioned captain of Company H, 12th Massachusetts. He was promoted to major on August 6, 1862, and transferred to the 33rd Massachusetts Volunteer Infantry. His old regiment, the 12th Massachusetts, suffered terrible casualties during the Battle of Antietam, including the loss of its colonel, Fletcher Webster. Bates was therefore promoted to colonel on September 19, 1862, and placed in command of the 12th Massachusetts to replace Webster. While commanding the 12th, Bates was wounded during the Battle of Gettysburg.
During May and June 1864, Bates commanded the 2nd Brigade, 2nd Division of the V Corps. In this capacity, after the Battle of Spotsylvania Court House, Bates intercepted intelligence which ultimately affected the movement of the Army of the Potomac during the Overland Campaign for which he received the thanks of Lt. Gen. Ulysses Grant.
Bates was mustered out on July 8, 1864, in Boston, Massachusetts. After the war, in 1868, Congress awarded him the honorary grade of brevet brigadier general for "gallant and meritorious service."

## Post war

Bates served as commander of the Department of Massachusetts of the Grand Army of the Republic, a fraternal organization for veterans of the Union Army.
# DeWitt Clinton Baxter

DeWitt Clinton Baxter (1829–1881) was an American artist and engraver. He also served as colonel and brevet brigadier general in the Union Army during the American Civil War.

## Early life

DeWitt Clinton Baxter was born March 9, 1829, in Dorchester, Massachusetts. In early city directories identified Baxter as an "engraver" (1850–60), "designer" (1861), and "artist" (1862) as he was publisher of "The Baxter Panoramic Business Directory" in Philadelphia. From 1857 on he lived at 454 North Eighth Street, a substantial townhouse (3 stories, 24-feet wide) near Buttonwood Street, and from 1855 until the Civil War he had an office in Hart's Building at the northeast corner of Sixth and Chestnut.

## Civil War

In April 1861 Baxter became Lieutenant Colonel of the 19th Pennsylvania Volunteer Infantry, but when that three-month enlistment expired, he organized and led the 72nd Pennsylvania Volunteers, "Baxter's Fire Zouaves." They were drawn from the various fire companies of Philadelphia, and were known for their peculiar Zouave uniforms and precise bayonet drills. They "enjoyed a brief period of considerable popularity, so much so, that the citizens of Philadelphia crowded the Academy of Music to witness" their maneuvers on stage."
Baxter recorded his expertise in such exercises in an illustrated 1861 book, The Volunteer's Manual; containing full instructions for the recruit. . . , which was published by King & Baird, the same firm that published his early panaoramas.

### Field commands

* 19th Pennsylvania Infantry Regiment; Lieutenant Colonel April 1861 – July 1861
* 72nd Pennsylvania Infantry Regiment; Colonel July 1861 – July 1863. He led the regiment in the Peninsula Campaign, Antietam Campaign at the Battle of Fredericksburg, the Battle of Gettysburg and the Battle of Wilderness. He was wounded July 2, 1863 at the Battle of Gettysburg.
* Philadelphia Brigade; Colonel July 1863 – December 10, 1863
* 2nd Division, II Corps; Colonel December 10, 1863 – December 21, 1863
* 72nd Pennsylvania Infantry Regiment; Colonel December 21, 1863 – May 1864. He was "severely wounded at the Wilderness" in May 1864, "shot through the lungs."
* Promoted to brevet brigadier general in March 1865.

## Later life

After the war, Baxter was a naval officer at the Custom House from 1867–1871.
In the mid-1870s he was involved in the Keystone Portable Forge Company. He also may have revived his Panoramic Directory business in the late 1870s. Upon his death in May 1881, his obituary reported, Baxter was holding "a position at the Custom house." He died on May 9, 1881, and his obituary appeared on the front-page the following day in the Philadelphia Public Ledger.
Originally buried in Monument Cemetery in Philadelphia, he was reinterred in Lawnview Memorial Park in 1956.
# Adnan Nawaz

Adnan Nawaz (Urdu: عدنان نواز) is a British news anchor who is currently working for the TRT World.

## Early life

Born in Peshawar, Pakistan, Nawaz graduated from the London School of Economics with a BSc (Econ) International Relations, and then completed an MA in Latin American Politics at the Institute of Latin American Studies, University of London.

## Broadcasting career

Nawaz began work at the BBC in the early 1990s, as a broadcast assistant in the Latin American section of the BBC World Service. A Sony Award winning producer with BBC Radio, where he spent five years producing live programmes and making documentaries for 5 Live and Radio 4, he moved in 2000 to TV Sports News, presenting the sport on the BBC News Channel and BBC World News. He has reported and presented from the world's biggest sporting events, including the Olympic Games, the FIFA World Cup, UEFA European Championship, ICC Cricket World Cup, Wimbledon and more.
From 2009 to 2017, he read the news on the BBC News channel and BBC World News. On BBC World News he has co-presented the network's main Asian-facing programme, Newsday, and was the anchor of the main European-facing breakfast time programme.
In September 2017, TRT World announced that Nawaz was being hired as a TRT World news anchor.

## Personal life

Nawaz is well travelled, having lived in the Philippines, Italy, the United States, France, Chile and the UK. He speaks five languages.
He is also an experienced professional conference MC and host. He is the Director of TopCom Media Limited through which he has worked around the world, delivering keynote speeches and moderating panel debates across a wide range of industries, including social, economic and political development, travel, medicine, IoT, telecommunications, sport and leisure, food and healthcare.
# Yitzhak Olshan

Yitzhak Olshan (Hebrew: יצחק אולשן, February 19, 1895 – February 5, 1983) was an Israeli jurist and the second President of the Supreme Court of Israel from 1954 to 1965.

## Biography

Olshan was born in Kaunas in the Russian Empire (now Lithuania) in 1895 and immigrated to Ottoman Palestine in 1912. He joined the Hagana and the Jewish Legion. He studied law and oriental studies at the University of London. As an attorney, he represented the Yishuv before the British Mandate of Palestine authorities.
In 1948 he was appointed a Supreme Court of Israel judge. He headed a parliamentary commission to investigate the Israel Defense Forces' (IDF) economy and the Central Elections Committee of the second Knesset. In 1954 he was appointed by Moshe Sharett head of the inquiry commission regarding the Lavon affair with President of the Technion and former IDF Chief of Staff, Yaakov Dori.
In 1954, he succeeded Moshe Smoira as President of the Supreme Court. He retired in 1965 and was succeeded by Shimon Agranat. He died in 1983.
# 1420s BC

The 1420s BC is a decade which lasted from 1429 BC to 1420 BC.

## Events and Trends

* The Egyptian Empire signs a peace treaty with the Kingdom of Mitanni (approximately 1420s BC). Pharaoh Thutmose IV marries Mutemwiya, daughter of the Mitanni king Artatama I, and recognizes their borders. Both kings frequently refer to one another as 'beloved brothers', and grant one another great gifts.
* Crete changed into the Mycenae civilization (approximately 1420s BC)—start of the Mycenaean period.

## Significant people

* Thutmose III, pharaoh of the eighteenth dynasty of Egypt (1503 BC–1426 BC)
* Thutmose IV, pharaoh of Egypt, (1401 BC–1391 BC or 1397 BC–1388 BC)
* Amenhotep II, pharaoh of Egypt, (1427 BC–1401 BC)
# Arthur Ducat

Arthur Charles Ducat, Sr. (February 24, 1830 – January 29, 1896) was an officer in the Union Army during the American Civil War. After the Civil War, Ducat was an insurance industry executive and fire prevention specialist.

## Biography

Ducat was an immigrant from County Dublin, Ireland, where he was born in Kingstown on February 24, 1830. He moved to Illinois in 1851 where he was a civil engineer and an insurance agent.
Ducat began his war service on May 2, 1861, as 2nd lieutenant of the 12th Illinois Infantry Regiment. He became 1st lieutenant on May 11, 1861, captain on August 1, 1861, major on September 24, 1861, and lieutenant colonel on April 1, 1862. He was wounded at the Battle of Fort Donelson in February 1862. After his service with 12th Illinois Infantry ended on October 30, 1862, Ducat served as the Inspector General of two major Federal armies in the Western Theater of the American Civil War, mainly in the Army of the Cumberland. He was discharged on February 19, 1864.
On February 21, 1866, President Andrew Johnson nominated Ducat for appointment to the brevet grade of brigadier general of volunteers to rank from March 13, 1865, and the U.S. Senate confirmed the appointment on April 10, 1866.
Following the war, he was a leading executive in the insurance industry in Illinois and a world-renowned specialist and author in fire prevention and protection who wrote one of the standard reference works on the topic: The Practice of Fire Underwriting. In 1873 Ducat wrote the military code upon for the Illinois National Guard and became its commander with the grade of major general.
Ducat died January 29, 1896, at Downers Grove, Illinois, and was buried in Rosehill Cemetery, Chicago, Illinois.
# Sde Boaz

Sde Boaz (Hebrew: שדה בועז, lit. 'Boaz's Field') is an Israeli outpost in the West Bank, built in 2002 almost entirely on private Palestinian land. Located on a hill above Neve Daniel, it falls under the jurisdiction of Gush Etzion Regional Council.
The international community considers Israeli settlements in the West Bank illegal under international law, but the Israeli government disputes this. Outposts are considered illegal under Israeli law.

## History

The settlement was established in 2002 by Hananel Shear-Yashuv, who claimed the land by moving a shipping container to the top of the hill and moving into it. It is named after Boaz from the Book of Ruth.
In its charter, Sde Boaz proclaims its desire to live in peace with its Arab neighbors and eschew violence. It is an environmentally friendly agricultural community that accepts both religious and non-religious Jews.
Israeli Prime Minister Ehud Olmert has called outposts like Sde Boaz a "disgrace." On taking office in 2006, Olmert began the destruction of illegal outposts in order to comply with the terms of the Road map for peace and by 2008 had agreed to dismantle Sde Boaz among these.
In 2006 Sde Boaz was the site of a massive protest against the court-ordered Israeli Defense Force (IDF) destruction of illegal Israeli construction. The IDF managed to destroy a small house and a stable as the court had ordered, but hundreds of Israeli protesters prevented the soldiers from destroying the foundation of a house under construction.
By 2008 some residents of Sde Boaz were being trained by Mishmeret Yesha, a non-profit organization that teaches settlers counterterrorism techniques and the use of guns so that they can form "rapid response teams." The IDF supplies settlers who've received the training with M16 rifles and ammunition.

## Demographics

Most of the residents are professionals who commute to work. Apart from communal agriculture projects, some families engage in private organic farming, raising chickpeas, cauliflower, tomatoes, watermelons, lettuce, grapes, mulberries and olives. Experimental crops include tomatillos, North American pumpkins and sweet peas.
# John Garland (general)

John Garland (November 15, 1793 – June 5, 1861) was an American general in the Regular Army who had a long and distinguished career spanning fifty years of service during the War of 1812, Seminole Wars, Mexican–American War, Utah War and very briefly into the American Civil War.

## Early life and career

Garland was born in Virginia to Hudson Martin and Elizabeth Penn (née Phillips) Garland. His mother was the grandniece of William Penn. One of his brothers was James Garland. He joined the U.S. Army during the War of 1812 and by 1813 was a first lieutenant. He served throughout the war in the 35th Infantry and was transferred to the 3rd Infantry at the war's close. He stayed in the army serving in the quartermaster's department. He fought under General William J. Worth in the Seminole Wars in northern and central Florida.

## Mexico
### Northern Mexico

Garland was promoted to lieutenant colonel of the 4th U.S. Infantry on May 7, 1839. He fought under Zachary Taylor at the battles of Palo Alto and Resaca de la Palma. During this time he commanded a second lieutenant U.S. Grant. For services in these two battles, he was brevetted to full colonel and commanded a brigade of regulars in David E. Twiggs' division of the Army of Occupation. At the Battle of Monterrey, Garland temporarily led the division in the initial attack on the city as General Twiggs had taken an overdose of a laxative before the battle.

### Central Mexico

Garland joined Winfield Scott's army and, for the second time in his career, he was serving under William Worth, who was now his division commander. Garland fought at the battles of Veracruz, Battle of Cerro Gordo, Contreras and Churubusco. For his distinguished services in the last two battles, he was appointed brevet brigadier general of regulars. He led his brigade at the Battle of Molino del Rey and in the attack on Chapultepec. He had survived the war thus far without any serious injury, but when he marched his brigade into fallen Mexico City, he was hit in the chest by a Mexican sharpshooter and severely wounded.

## Utah War and Civil War

He recovered and returned to duty in the army, being made colonel of the 8th U.S. Infantry in May 1849. In 1848 James Longstreet married Garland's daughter and named his firstborn son John Garland Longstreet in honor of his father-in-law. Garland was in command of a military district that dealt with the Utah War in 1857–58. He was still on active duty in the Regular Army when the American Civil War broke out in 1861. He stayed loyal to the Union, despite being from Virginia and his close ties with James Longstreet, who soon became a prominent Confederate general. His services to the North were short lived however, as he died on June 5, 1861, in New York City while still on active duty.
Garland was interred at Oak Hill Cemetery in Washington, D.C.
His nephew, Samuel Garland, Jr., served as a Confederate general and was killed at the Battle of South Mountain in 1862.

## Honors

Fort Garland in Colorado was named for him.
# Movement for Democracy and Independence

The Movement for Democracy and Independence (French: Mouvement pour la Démocratie et l'Indépendence, MDI) was a political party in the Central African Republic.

## History

Established on 17 January 1981, the MDI was led by François Gueret, who had served in David Dacko's cabinet, but resigned. The MDI was fiercely anti-Soviet and somewhat pro-China. In the 1981 presidential elections the MDI nominated Gueret as its candidate, although he did not contest the elections.
The party was banned on 2 September 1981.
# Mehmet Akif Ersoy Nature Park

Mehmet Akif Ersoy Nature Park (Turkish: Mehmet Akif Ersoy Tabiat Parkı) is a nature park located in Istanbul Province, Turkey.

## Geography

The park is situated in Bahçeköy neighborhood of Sarıyer district. It covers an area of 23 ha (57 acres). The area was declared a nature park by the Ministry of Environment and Forest in 2011, and is one of nine nature parks inside Belgrad Forest. The protected area is named in honor of Mehmet Akif Ersoy (1873–1936), poet, writer, academic, member of parliament, and author of the Turkish National Anthem.
The nature park offers outdoor recreational activities, such as picnics, hiking and cycling.

## Amenities

The park offers an outdoor restaurant, an outdoor coffeehouse and playgrounds for children.

## Ecosystem

The nature park has rich flora and fauna.

### Flora

The flora is middle-aged and old forest trees. In the forest section, vegetation includes oriental plane (Platanus orientalis), black pine (Pinus nigra), silver linden (Tilia argentea), hornbeam (Carpinus betulus), Hungarian oak (Quercus frainetto), sessile oak (Quercus petraea), common ash (Fraxinus excelsior), oriental beech (Fagus orientalis), alder (Alnus glutinosa), blackberry (Rubus) and tree heath (Erica arborea). Plants seen around the coffeehouse and the activity area are oriental thuja (Platycladus orientalis), blackthorn (Prunus spinosa), evergreen spindle (Euonymus japonicus), Chinese photinia (Photinia serratifolia), bay laurel (Laurus nobilis), Australian laurel (Pittosporum tobira), goat willow (Salix caprea), butcher's-broom (Ruscus aculeatus), wild privet, (Ligustrum vulgare), common lavender (Lavandula angustifolia), purple dead-nettle (Lamium purpureum) and dandelion (Taraxacum officinale).

### Fauna

Common animals are the mammal squirrel and the reptile lizard. BIrds include woodpecker, European goldfinch, magpie and parrot.
# Mehmood Ali family

Mehmood Ali, popularly known simply as Mehmood, was an Indian actor, director and producer best known for playing comic roles in Hindi films. During his career of more than four decades, he worked in over 300 films. He has played many unforgettable roles in movies of 70's & 80's decade.

## Family

His family included many other entertainers.
* His father Mumtaz Ali was a dancer and character-artist in films from the 1940s era. His dance troupe "Mumtaz Ali Nites" performed all over India. His career slumped due to his alcoholism, leading Mehmood to work as a child artist and daughter Meenu Mumtaz to work as a dancer in his stage shows and later movies. He was last seen in the 1974 Hindi movie Kunwara Baap directed by Mehmood in the song "Saj Rahi Gali Meri Maa".
* His mother was Latifunnisa.
* His sister Malikunnisa Ali a.k.a. Minoo Mumtaz was re-christened as Minoo by Meena Kumari, Mehmood's sister-in-law. She started off as a stage dancer and later danced in many films of the 50s and 60s. Her first film was Sakhi Hateem. She played the lead role opposite Balraj Sahni in Black Cat (1959). She is the dancer in the song "Saqiya aaj mujhe neend nahin aayegi" in Sahib Bibi Aur Ghulam. She can also be seen in the song "Boojh Mera Kya Naam Re" from the movie CID
* Brother Anwar Ali debuted in the movie Sadhu Aur Shaitaan in 1968. His first major role was in the K. A. Abbas’s film Saat Hindustani. He worked in movies such as Wafaa, Albela, Caravan, Parwana, Bansi Birju, Manzil, Sabse Bada Rupaiya. He played Driver "Rajesh" in Bombay to Goa where Mehmood played conductor "Khanna". He co-produced the Kunwaara Baap, Khud-daar and Kaash.
* Mehmood's eldest son Masood Ali a.k.a. Pucky Ali played a role in the movie Ek Baap Chhe Bete and Hamare Tumhare.
* Second son Maqsood Mehmood Ali a.k.a. Lucky Ali started his movie career as an adult in Yehi Hai Zindagi. He later became a singer songwriter and composer.
* Third son Maqdoom Ali a.k.a. Macky Ali played a disabled child in Mehmood's 1974 movie Kunwara Baap as he was in real life affected by polio. He acted in the movie Ek Baap Chhe Bete. He later made a music album and appeared in the music video Yaaron sab dua karo and later in Tirchi topiwale, sung by Altaf Raja.
* Fourth son Masoom Ali (born 3 December, 1961) is a real estate agent in the USA, and not to be confused with the person of the same name (born 31 October, 1965) who produced the movie Dushman Duniya Ka and acted in Ek Baap Chhe Bete.
* Second wife Tracy Ali played the role of the American wife in the movie Ek Baap Chhe Bete.
* Fifth son Mansoor Ali (by Tracy Ali) acted in Ek Baap Chhe Bete. Returning from USA after 14 years he released a video song album Sabrina dedicated to his daughter Sabrina Ali & late father in February 2012.
* Sixth son Manzoor Ali (by Tracy Ali) played the lead role of drug addicted youth in the movie Dushman Duniya Ka and earlier acted in Ek Baap Chhe Bete.
* Daughter Jeanie a.k.a. Latifunnisa a.k.a. Ginny Ali (by Tracy Ali) played the child actor role in Ginny Aur Johnny.
# Fidentian

Fidentian (Latin: Fidentianus) or Fidentius (Italian: Fidenzio) was the bishop of Hippo Regius from 303 until his martyrdom during the Great Persecution in 304. His predecessor, Leontius, was also martyred. He was the first of the Twenty Martyrs of Hippo to be executed after being imprisoned for refusing to make pagan sacrifices. A church at Hippo was later dedicated to the Twenty and at least one miracle was reported at it. Among Fidentian's companion martyrs were Valerian and Victoria. Augustine of Hippo later preached a sermon in their honour. Their feast day is 15 November in the Roman Martyrology, but they are not in the General Roman Calendar. The edition of the Martyrology of 1937 mangles their names ("Secundus, Fidentian and Varicus").
# Guayabo River

The Guayabo River (Spanish: Río Guayabo), is a river of Aguada, Puerto Rico.
# Mohamed Afilal

Mohamed Afilal (Arabic: محمد أفيلال; Berber languages: ⵎⵓⵀⴰⵎⴷ ⴰⴼⵉⵍⴰⵍ) served as Chairman of the Arab Scout Committee from 2004 to 2007, as well as General Commissioner of the Fédération Nationale du Scoutisme Marocain in 2005.
In 2005, he was awarded the 304th Bronze Wolf, the only distinction of the World Organization of the Scout Movement, awarded by the World Scout Committee for exceptional services to world Scouting.
# Welcome, Honourable Visitors

Welcome, Honourable Visitors (French: Bienvenue honorables visiteurs) is a 1958 novel by the French writer Jean Raspail. It tells the story of six foreign tourists who travel in Japan and stay at an inn. It was Raspail's first novel, having previously published several travel books. It was first published as Le Vent des Pins, which is the name of the inn in the story, but changed title when it was republished in 1970.

## Publication

The novel was first published in 1958 by éditions Julliard with the title Le Vent des Pins. An English translation by Jean Stewart was published in 1960. In the United Kingdom it was published by Hamish Hamilton as Welcome, Honourable Visitors and in the United States by G. P. Putnam's Sons as Welcome Honorable Visitors. It was republished in French in 1970 as Bienvenue honorables visiteurs.

## Reception

John Coleman reviewed the book in The Spectator: "M. Raspail is quite astute, works his expected ironies neatly enough, and would probably have made more money publishing the local colour bits as articles in Life."
# Hamidiye Marşı

The Hamidiye Marşı (English: March of Hamid) was the imperial anthem of the Ottoman Empire from 1876 to 1909. In 1876, Sultan Abdul Hamid II had the Hamidiye March composed for him by Necip Paşa. It was one of the only 2 Ottoman anthems to have lyrics.

## Lyrics

| Original lyrics in Ottoman Turkish | Lyrics transliterated into Turkish alphabet | English translated version |
| ای ولی نعمت عالم شهنشاه جهان تخت عالی بخت عثمانی یه ویردڭ عزّو شان سایۀ لطف همایونڭده عالم کامران سلطنتله چوق زمان سلطان حمید ذوق ایت همان چوق یشا ای پادشاهم شوکتڭله چوق یشا | Ey veliyy-i ni'met-i 'âlem şehinşâh-ı cihân Taht-ı 'âlî-baht-ı 'Osmânî'ye verdiñ 'izz ü şân Sâye-i lütf-ı hümayûnuñda 'âlem kâm-rân Saltanatle çok zamân Sultân Hamîd zevk et hemân Çok yaşa ey pâdişâhım devletiñle çok yaşa | Oh! universal benefactor, sovereign of sovereigns! Glory of the throne of the Ottoman monarchy, Under your Imperial auspices the country is prospering, Reign always and be always happy. Oh! My august sovereign Sultan Hamid! Long live our monarch, long live with your state! |
# Arkan, North Khorasan

Arkan (Persian: اركان, also Romanized as Arkān) is a village in Aladagh Rural District, in the Central District of Bojnord County, North Khorasan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 2,783, in 680 families.
The local language is Turkmen.