OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Rudolf Ramek

Rudolf Ramek (12 April 1881 – 24 July 1941) was an Austrian Christian Social politician, who served as Chancellor of Austria from 1924 to 1926.

## Life

Ramek was born in Teschen in Austrian Silesia (present-day Cieszyn, Poland). A member of the Christian Social Party, he was a delegate of the Austrian Constitutional Assembly in 1919 and served as State Secretary of Justice in the rank of minister in State Chancellor Karl Renner's cabinet until 24 June 1920. A member of the National Council after the 1920 legislative election, he succeeded his party fellow Ignaz Seipel as Austrian chancellor on 20 November 1924.
Under Ramek's government, the Schilling became the official Austrian currency in 1925, after a hyperinflation period of the old Austrian krone in the early 1920s. The supervision of the country's finances by a League of Nations Commissioner finished the next year, however, the depression continued and unemployment figures were rising. Ramek finally resigned during the crisis around the state-owned Österreichische Postsparkasse postal savings bank on 20 October 1926, again succeeded by Ignaz Seipel.
Upon the 1930 legislative election, Ramek became vice president of the National Council parliament. Together with the other members of the chairmanship, Karl Renner and Sepp Straffner, he resigned on 4 March 1933 after a quarrel over voting irregularities, giving Chancellor Engelbert Dollfuss the opportunity to prevent any further meetings of the legislature. After the Social Democratic February Uprising of 1934 was crushed, Ramek on 30 April reconvened the assembly, only to adopt the imposed May Constitution of the Federal State of Austria, whereby the National Council was abolished.
Ramek died in Vienna and was buried in the Salzburg Municipal Cemetery.
# Squash at the 2010 South American Games

There were seven squash events at the 2010 South American Games. The events were held over March 20–25.

## Medal table

| Rank | Nation | Gold | Silver | Bronze | Total |
| 1 | Colombia (COL) | 6 | 1 | 1 | 8 |
| 2 | Guyana (GUY) | 1 | 0 | 2 | 3 |
| 3 | Argentina (ARG) | 0 | 3 | 4 | 7 |
| 4 | Brazil (BRA) | 0 | 3 | 3 | 6 |
| 5 | Ecuador (ECU) | 0 | 0 | 2 | 2 |
| 5 | Paraguay (PAR) | 0 | 0 | 2 | 2 |
| Totals (6 entries) | Totals (6 entries) | 7 | 7 | 14 | 28 |

## Medalists

| Event | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
| Men's events ||||
| Men's singles details | Miguel Ángel Rodríguez Colombia | Rafael Alarçón Brazil | Bernardo Samper Colombia Esteban Casarino Paraguay |
| Men's doubles details | Bernardo Samper Javier Castilla Colombia | Guillermo Asdeale Hernán D'Arcangelo Argentina | Ronivaldo Conceição Vinicius Costa Brazil Bruno Alvarenga Esteban Casarino Paraguay |
| Men's team details | Javier Castilla Erick Herrera Miguel Ángel Rodríguez Bernardo Samper Colombia | Rafael Alarçón Ronivaldo Conceição Vinicius Costa Brazil | Ernesto Davila Juan Sebastian Chacon Alex Ulloa Ecuador Hernán D'Arcangelo Guillermo Asdeale Gonzalo Miranda Argentina |
| Women's events ||||
| Women's singles details | Nicolette Fernandes Guyana | Silvia Angulo Colombia | Cecilia Cerquetti Argentina Antonella Falcione Argentina |
| Women's doubles details | Silvia Angulo Catalina Peláez Colombia | Cecilia Cerquetti Antonella Falcione Argentina | Nicolette Fernandes Ashley Khalil Guyana Tatiana Borges Thaisa Serafini Brazil |
| Women's team details | Silvia Angulo Karol González Catalina Peláez Colombia | Tatiana Borges Karen Redfern Thaisa Serafini Brazil | Sofia Baravalle Cecilia Cerquetti Antonella Falcione Argentina Nicolette Fernandes Ashley Khalil Guyana |
| Mixed events ||||
| Mixed doubles details | Anna Porras Miguel Ángel Rodríguez Colombia | Antonella Falcione Matias Valenzuela Argentina | Ernesto Davila Magaly Velez Ecuador Rafael Alarçón Karen Redfern Brazil |
# The Divine Nymph

The Divine Nymph (Italian: Divina creatura) is a 1975 Italian drama film directed by Giuseppe Patroni Griffi and starring Laura Antonelli, Marcello Mastroianni, Michele Placido and Terence Stamp. It was entered into the 26th Berlin International Film Festival. It was distributed in the U.S. by Analysis Film Releasing Corp.

## Plot

During the Roaring Twenties, a beautiful woman (Laura Antonelli) is engaged to one man, but has an affair with both a young nobleman (Terence Stamp) and later his cousin (Marcello Mastroianni), playing them against each other.

## Cast

* Laura Antonelli - Manoela Roderighi
* Terence Stamp - Dany di Bagnasco
* Michele Placido - Martino Ghiondelli
* Duilio Del Prete - Armellini
* Ettore Manni - Marco Pisani
* Carlo Tamberlani - Majordomo Pasqualino
* Cecilia Polizzi - Dany's Maid
* Piero Di Iorio - Cameriere di Stefano
* Marina Berti - Manoela's Aunt
* Doris Duranti - Signora Fones
* Marcello Mastroianni - Michele Barra
* Tina Aumont
* Rita Silva
* Corrado Annicelli
* Gino Cassani
# Langrick railway station

Langrick railway station was a station in Langrick, Lincolnshire, England, on the line between Boston and Lincoln.

## History

Langrick station opened on 17 October 1848. It closed, along with the Lincolnshire Loop Line on 17 June 1963.
The station had two brick platforms immediately east of the level crossing on Ferry Road. The main building stood at right angles to the platform, with the booking office behind the station masters house which led to a waiting room facing onto the "up" platform. The signal box was sited at the east end of the station.

## Accidents and incidents

* On 8 March 1937, a passenger train, hauled by Ex-GNR Class H4 2-6-0 No. 126, was derailed due to the poor condition of the track.

## Site

Langrick Station Cafe now occupies what was the ticket office . The possibility that the building now standing is a much-converted original station office . The building does however stand on the same axis as the original, on Ferry Lane, in Langrick.
The Water Rail Way is a Sustrans cycle route (number one) which follows the line of the former Lincoln to Boston railway line, including Langrick.
| Preceding station | Disused railways | Following station |
| Dogdyke | Great Northern Railway Lincolnshire Loop Line | Boston |
# Julian Layton

Julian David Layton (1904–1989), born Julian David Loewenstein, was a banker and German Jew born in England to parents who had emigrated from Frankfurt in 1893 with the family firm of Loewenstein-Hoskins. The Loewenstein family had close family ties to the Rothschild family in Frankfurt and served as the Rothschild's stockbrokers. This relationship later became essential in the rescuing of thousands of Jewish refugees throughout the course of the Second World War.

## Biography

Layton was educated at University College School before being sent to complete his education at the Ecole de Commerce in Lausanne, Switzerland and he was fluent in English, French and German. Layton spent two years travelling between Frankfurt and Paris before becoming a stockbroker and member of the London Stock Exchange and later became partner in the family business R.Layton and Co. He changed the family name from Loewenstein to Layton in August 1921.

## Role in the war

On a business trip in Australia in 1936 he received a cable from Otto Schiff, nephew of the banker Jacob Schiff requesting that he negotiated with the Australian government to allow 500 Jewish refugees to enter. Eventually, the Australian government accepted provided each individual was interviewed and personally recommended by Layton himself, a process which took nine months to complete.
Layton was also instrumental in the running of the Kitchener Camp which was a military camp used to house Jewish refugees. Layton dealt directly with Adolf Eichmann in Vienna to secure the release of thousands of Jewish refugees and on the afternoon of the Kristallnacht Layton received a call from Eichmann himself warning him to avoid the Jewish sector of Vienna as his death would have caused enormous diplomatic tension. Layton was involved in numerous other rescue missions such as the 'Cedar Boys,' who were smuggled out of Nazi-occupied territory due to the co-operation between Layton and Dorothy de Rothschild. In total it is estimated that Layton helped to save around 4000 Jewish refugees who otherwise would have remained under Nazi control.

## Post-war

After the war, Layton successfully continued in his partnership at the family firm whilst living in Hampstead meanwhile, he worked for the Home Office. In 1941 he was sent by the British government to Australia to diplomatically resolve the HMT Dunera scandal and successfully won compensation for the maltreatment of refugees aboard the ship.
# Alfie Sams

Alfie Sams (10 November 1911 – 1990) was an English professional footballer who played in the Football League for Mansfield Town and Reading.
# Our (Perfect) Xmas Retreat

Our (Perfect) Xmas Retreat (Spanish: El refugio; lit. 'The shelter') is a 2021 internationally co-produced christmas comedy film directed by Macarena Astorga. It stars a choral cast made up of Loles León, Leo Harlem, María Barranco, David Guapo, Sara Sálamo, Carlos Alcántara, Mariam Hernández, Antonio Dechent, Luna Fulgencio, Rubén Fulgencio and Marco Ezcurdia. It was released on November 26, 2021 in Spain and in Peru on December 8.

## Synopsis

As if it were a Christmas story, two little brothers listen attentively by the fireplace to a new story from their grandfather, which may not be entirely a fantasy. In it, the story of a movie star in low hours and an emerging heartthrob who threatens to displace the previous one is told thanks to the tricks of their agent, the owner of the high mountain hotel and her crazy sister, promoter of a new and peculiar discipline that mixes yoga and fengshui, a group of children wanting to have fun, but also to discover hidden secrets, a taciturn bellboy who sees everything and a tremendous storm that will leave them isolated days before Christmas.

## Cast

* Loles León as Star
* Leo Harlem as Luismi
* Maria Barranco as Lola
* David Guapo as Fede Guerra
* Sara Sálamo as Alex
* Carlos Alcántara as Antonio Rojas
* Mariam Hernández as Trini
* Antonio Dechent as Hilario
* Luna Fulgencio as Martina
* Rubén Fulgencio as Hugo
* Marco Ezcurdia as Lucas
* Juan Manuel Lara as Yeti
# Tiden (Christiania newspaper)

Tiden, et offentlig Blad af blandet Indhold (English:The Time, a Public Magazine of Mixed Content) was a royalist and secessionist newspaper in 19th-century Norway. The first issue was published on 28 January 1808 in Christiania (now Oslo); the founding editor was Niels Wulfsberg. Its predecessor was Efterretninger og Opmuntringer angaaende de nærværende Krigsbegivenheder, a military periodical which was published in 43 issues in the autumn of 1807. Great Britain's blockade of Norway during the Napoleonic Wars prevented Copenhagen newspapers from being imported to Christiania; Wulfsberg started both newspapers to fill the resulting lack of information.
Tiden was published twice a week between 1808 and 1811. Wulfsberg was an impetuous editor-in-chief, occasionally printing articles critical of the governing authorities. He used the newspaper to propagate his own views on royalty and secession from Denmark—on 29 January 1810 he published an issue fully devoted to Christian August, heir to the Swedish throne. Later the same year he drew the ire of King Frederick VI, who during one of Wulfsberg's visits to Copenhagen said: "Be on guard, I don't like your paper, be on guard, I have the power to stop it." Bemoaning the high costs of paper and the low subscription incomes, Wulfsberg decided to cease Tiden's publication in 1811. The newspaper did, however, recommence publication in 1813, chiefly owing to Wulfsberg's subservient support of stattholder Christian Fredrick's governance in Norway. Press historian Svennik Høyer writes that Wulfsberg was subsequently "paid and persuaded by the political key players."
In 1814, Tiden ceased publication again; however, in the next year, Den Norske Rigstidende was established as a sequel to the paper. It was edited by Wulfsberg and Christian Døderlein. The latter person was the key player in the newspaper, whilst Wulfsberg was primarily occupied with his newly established paper Morgenbladet. Following the cessation of Den Norske Rigstidende's publication in 1832, Wulfsberg started a new newspaper named Tiden, without any obvious connection to the former newspaper. It is still published as of 2020 under the name Drammens Tidende.
# Polyrhachis xanthippe

Polyrhachis xanthippe is a species of ant in the subfamily Formicinae. It is endemic to Sri Lanka.
# Seven readers

The Seven readers (Arabic: القراء السبعة) are seven Qāriʾs who mastered the Qira'at and historically transmitted the Quran recitations in an approved and confirmed manner.

## Presentation

The seven readers are the most famous Qāriʾs (reciters) from whom the reading of the Quran has been transmitted, so that the reading of the words differed in some of the resources of the Quranic verses.
They belong to the third class of recitation (Arabic: طَبَقَاتُ الْقُرَّاءِ).

## History

There are ten recitations following different schools of qira'ates, each one deriving its name from a noted Quran reciter called qāriʾ.
These ten qira'ates are issued from the original seven which are confirmed (mutawatir) (Arabic: قِرَاءَاتٌ مُتَوَاتِرَةٌ) by these seven Quran readers who lived in the second and third century of Islam.
It is the scholar Abu Bakr Ibn Mujāhid, who lived in the fourth century of Islam, who first approved of these seven qira'at, so that the actual versions of Quran readings transmitted to us are part of the system of qira'at consisting in a hierarchy passing from qira'ates to riwayates who have turuq or lines of transmission, and passed down to wujuh.
The seven readings of the Qira'at were first limited and noted by Abu Bakr Ibn Mujāhid, who canonized them in the 8th century CE, in his book called Kitab al-Sab’ fil-qirā’āt.
Before Ibn Mujāhid, there was Abu Ubaid al-Qasim bin Salam, who was the first to gather the recitations of the seven mutawatir reciters.
In a poem with 1173 lines, the scholar Qasim ibn Firrū ibn Khalaf Al-Shatibi Al Andalusi, outlined the two most famous ways passed down from each of seven readers, whose title is Ash-Shatibiyyah [ar] and where he documented the rules of recitation of each one of these seven readers.
In addition, the scholar Ibn al-Jazari, wrote two other poems Al-Durra Al-Maa'nia (Arabic: الدرة المعنية) and Tayyibat Al-Nashr (Arabic: طيبة النشر), dealing with these seven readings in great detail.

## Readers

The seven confirmed Qāriʾs in the recitations are in chronological order by birth year:
* Ibn Amir ad-Dimashqi (640 - 736 CE).
* Ibn Kathir al-Makki (665 - 737 CE).
* Nafiʽ al-Madani (689 - 785 CE).
* Abu Amr of Basra (689 - 771 CE).
* Hamzah az-Zaiyyat (699 - 772 CE).
* Aasim ibn Abi al-Najud (700 - 745 CE).
* Al-Kisa'i (737 - 805 CE).

## Rouwates

Each of the seven readers had disciples called Rouwates (Arabic: رُوَاة) who noted, narrated and transmitted the teachings of Qari in a version called Riwayah (Arabic: رِوَايَة).
The Rawi (Arabic: رَاوِي) or transmitter in turn had other disciples who traced secondary routes of transmission called "Tourouq" of recitation (Arabic: طَرِيق) or Ways.
Theologians have counted a number approaching the 850 validated and confirmed Tourouq of Quranic recitation.
# Rizgari

Rizgari (Sorani Kurdish: ڕزگاری, romanized: R̄izgarî; Persian: رزگاری, ALA-LC: Rizgārī, BGN/PCGN: Rezgārī; Arabic: رزكاري, romanized: Rizkārī) is a Kurdish word meaning salvation or liberation, and may refer to:

## Political groups

* Razkari Party, a Lebanese-Kurdish political party
* Rizgari Kurd [ckb], an Iraqi pan-Kurdish political party formed in 1945 by leftist students
* Sipay Rizgari, a Kurdish militant group led by Sheikh Osman Naqshbandi that partook in the Iran-Iraq War

## Settlements

* Rezgari, a village in Iran's West Azerbaijan province
* Rizgari, Kalar District [fa], a village in Iraqi Kurdistan's Kalar District

## Administrative subdivisions

* Rizgari subdistrict, Kalar District [ckb], a subdistrict of Kalar District
* Rizgari subdistrict, Khabat District [ckb], a subdistrict of Khabat District
# Hafdís Bjarnadóttir

Hafdís Bjarnadóttir (born 1977) is an Icelandic composer and electric guitarist who gained prominence in 2013 when she was inspired by a knitting pattern for a lace shawl to compose "Thordis’ Fichu". She received wide acclaim in 2015 for her "Sounds of Iceland", a journey through Iceland made up of a series of field recordings of the natural sounds of waterfalls, birds, lakes, the sea and geysers.

## Biography

Born in Reykjavík on 17 August 1977, Hafdís Bjarnadóttir has played the electric guitar since she was 12, initially concentrating on rock and folk music. She qualified in jazz guitar playing at the Icelandic school of music, Tónlistarskóli FÍH, in 2002. In 2007, she earned a bachelor's degree at the Iceland Academy of the Arts before completing a master's degree at the Royal Danish Academy of Music in 2009.
Hafdís' music has drawn on a combination of jazz, rock and folk, as well as classical and modern music. She often composes items involving surprisingly different instruments. She has recorded two solo albums and has written commissioned pieces for solo instruments and ensembles. Her album JÆJA (2009) was nominated for the Icelandic Music Awards. In 2013, she composed "Á báðum áttum for flute, clarinet and percussion, and Jólastökur, a choral work commissioned by the Icelandic National Broadcasting Service for Christmas 2013. "Thordis' Fichu" and "Sounds of Iceland" followed in 2013 and 2015.
In 2017, for Musica nova Helsinki she composed "Wind Roses", inspired by Iceland's wind roses which are used to measure wind direction. The piece combined piano, bass, flute, clarinet and cello.
Hafdís Bjarnadóttir composed "A Northern Year" for Passepartout Duo in 2019, a piece that chronicles the sun's position over Reykjavík during the year through scientific data that is used in the composition process.

## Discography

* Nú (2002)
* JÆJA (2009)
* Sounds of Iceland (2015)
* Já (2017)
* A Northern Year (2019)
* Lighthouse (2020)
# Petro Mirchuk

Petro Yuriiovych Mirchuk (June 26, 1913 – May 16, 1999) was a Ukrainian writer living in the United States and a leading member of the Organization of Ukrainian Nationalists. Mirchuk headed the OUN's propaganda apparatus in 1939. He was an activist of the Bandera faction of OUN (known as OUN-B). During World War II, he was imprisoned in Auschwitz, Mauthausen, and other concentration camps. He entered the United States as a displaced person after the war. He authored several books about the OUN and UPA, and wrote the first biography of Stefan Bandera.
# Alfie White

Alfred "Alfie" White (3 March 1909 – 1970) was an English professional footballer who played as an inside right. He made nearly 150 appearances in the English Football League with Derby County, Bournemouth & Boscombe Athletic - where the majority of those appearances were made - and Wrexham.
# Mortimer Dormer Leggett

Mortimer Dormer Leggett (April 19, 1821 – January 6, 1896) was a lawyer, school administrator, professor, and a general of the Union Army during the American Civil War.

## Early life

Leggett was born in Ithaca, New York, but relocated to Geauga County, Ohio, with his parents when he was fifteen years old. He and his father created a farm out of the wilderness area. He studied first medicine and then law, which he practiced with some success in Akron, Ohio. He taught in the Akron and Warren public schools to supplement his income from his legal business, helping to establish the graded-school system now common. In 1848, together with Lorin Andrews, Mortimer became editor of The Free School Clarion, a journal dedicated to education. From 1855 to 1858, he was a professor of pleading and practice in the Ohio College of Law in Poland, and in 1858 became superintendent of schools at Zanesville, Ohio. He was a law partner of Jacob D. Cox.

## Civil War

At the beginning of the Civil War, Leggett served as a volunteer on the staff of his friend, Major General George B. McClellan in western Virginia. He helped raise the 78th Ohio Infantry Regiment and was commissioned as its colonel in January 1862. He commanded his regiment at the battles of Fort Donelson, Shiloh, and Corinth. In November 1862, he was appointed brigadier general of volunteers and participated in the Vicksburg Campaign, suffering a painful wound. After he recovered, Leggett commanded the 3rd Division of the XVII Corps during the Atlanta Campaign and Sherman's March to the Sea. He was brevetted major general of volunteers in July 1864, and was commissioned as a major general a year later. His last action was in the Carolinas Campaign during the spring of 1865.

## Postwar career

At the end of the war, Leggett returned to Zanesville and resumed his law practice. President Ulysses S. Grant appointed him as United States Commissioner of Patents in 1871; Leggett held that position until 1881, when he resigned to resume his private practice. In 1884, he founded a successful company that would become a part of General Electric.
Leggett was a member of the Cuyahoga County Soldiers' and Sailors' Monument commission and helped oversee the construction of the monument which now sits on Cleveland's Public Square. His likeness is depicted on the End of The War panel inside the structure and his name appears on plaques outside the main doors.
His son, Mortimer M. Leggett, was accidentally killed on October 14, 1873, during an initiation to the Cornell University chapter of the Kappa Alpha Society. The younger Leggett was blindfolded and walking along a railroad trestle with other initiates, when he fell, striking the back of his head. Leggett was the first person known to die in a college fraternity initiation.
Leggett died in Cleveland, Ohio, aged 74, and was buried in Lake View Cemetery.
# Stuart Donlan

Stuart Donlan (born 29 August 1978) is an English professional rugby league coach and former player of the 1990s and 2000s. He is the current head coach of Canada. A Lancashire representative backline player, he previously played for Super League sides Huddersfield Giants and Castleford Tigers. Donlan began his career with hometown club Leigh Centurions in 1997 before finishing his career with Leigh in 2011 and moving into a coaching role.
Stuart's father, Steve Donlan, was also a former professional rugby league footballer who played for Great Britain, and was a member of the Leigh team, that won the Championship at the end of the 1981–82 season.
Donlan played for Huddersfield in the 2006 Challenge Cup Final on the wing but the Giants lost 12–42 against St. Helens. Having spent the final three years of his career with Leigh, Donlan became the assistant coach to Ian Millward at Castleford Tigers, one of Donlan's former clubs, after the pair previously worked together at Leigh Centurions ahead of the 2012 Super League season. He departed Castleford in 2013 following Millward's sacking, and later became assistant coach under Brian Noble at Salford City Reds, where he served for a year before leaving the club along with Noble in early 2014. He was subsequently named head coach of the Canada national team.

## Coaching career

Stuart's first game was the only game of the 2014 Colonial Cup. He led Canada to a famous victory which made them the Colonial Cup champions for the very first time. Despite his success Donlan was replaced by Aaron Zimmerle, the head coach of the Queensland Cup team Tweed Heads Seagulls, in 2015 as he took over the role to coach Canada in the 2017 Rugby League World Cup qualifying campaign.
# Pente Vryses

Pente Vryses (Greek: Πέντε Βρύσες) is a village of the Lagkadas municipality. Before the 2011 local government reform it was part of the municipality of Vertiskos. The 2021 census recorded 302 inhabitants in the village. Pente Vryses is a part of the community of Exalofos.