OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Princess Amalia d'Este

Amalia Giuseppina d'Este (28 July 1699 – 5 July 1778) was an Italian noblewoman and princess of Modena and Reggio by birth. She served as Regent of the Duchy of Modena and Reggio in October-December 1737 during the absence of her brother Francesco III.

## Biography

Amalia was the daughter of the Duke Rinaldo d'Este and Duchess Charlotte of Brunswick-Lüneburg, daughter of John Frederick, Duke of Brunswick-Calenberg. One of seven children, she was the second daughter of the family. Her parents' marriage had required papal dispensation because of the close interrelationships of the ducal families of Brunswick and Modena. Her mother died in 1710 after giving birth to a dead daughter, leaving five small children behind. Amalia grew up in the Ducal Palace of Modena alongside her siblings Benedetta, Francesco, Gian Federico (who died young) and Enrichetta.
In 1723, her portrait was painted by Rosalba Carriera during the painter's stay in Modena at the request of her father. The portrait is currently kept in the Gemäldegalerie Alte Meister, Dresden.
After the death of her father in October 1737, her brother Francesco succeeded him as Duke of Modena in his absence. Since her brother was absent from Modena fighting in the Russo-Turkish War, Amalia and her older sister Benedetta assumed the regency of the duchies until the return of their brother in December.
Charles Emmanuel III of Sardinia was proposed as a possible husband for her, but the marriage never materialized. Amalia secretly married an adventurer, the "Marquis de Villeneuf" (¿?-1739), who died fighting at the Battle of Futach in 1739. The couple had no children. Amalia died on July 5, 1778, shortly before her seventy-ninth birthday. She was buried in the Church of San Vincenzo, Modena.
# My Best Enemy (2005 film)

My Best Enemy (Spanish: Mi mejor enemigo) is a 2005 Chilean-Argentine-Spanish drama film directed by Alex Bowen. It stars Nicolás Saavedra, Erto Pantoja and Felipe Braun and won the Pudú de Plata for the best Chilean movie at the Valdivia International Film Festival.

## Plot

Rodrigo Rojas (Nicolás Saavedra) is a 19-year-old who lives in Santiago and is currently serving in the military. He is sent as a conscript to Punta Arenas to face the imminent war for control of the Picton, Nueva, and Lennox Islands. Sergeant Osvaldo Ferrer (Erto Pantoja) orders him to maintain control of the border in the Patagonian plains. However, in the midst of the desolate landscapes, Rojas and his group (three other conscripts and a professional soldier) get lost and encounter an Argentinean group. Both groups are lost and do not know which side of the border they are on, which could ultimately trigger the invasion of one of the countries.
In this hostile environment, one of the Chilean soldiers receives a cut and begins to get infected, so Rojas must ask Argentinean 1st Sergeant Enrique Ocampo (Miguel Dedovich) for help to save his comrade. This eases the tension as both sides realize that a fight between them, for the moment, is unnecessary.
The movie features different humorous situations, such as the temporary establishment of a border between the two countries or the realization of a soccer match. However, the conflict is imminent, and Ocampo is warned that on the night of December 22, the Argentinean invasion will take place. He alerts Ferrer to withdraw with his men, but Ferrer refuses.
On that tense night, both sides are willing to start a fratricidal war. The Chileans are aware that they will be at a disadvantage and ask Ocampo to deliver letters to their families in Chile after the war. However, a radio warning informs Ocampo about the mediation of Pope John Paul II and the order to withdraw troops. Ocampo leaves the trench and approaches the Chileans in a spirit of peace, but the soldier Orozco (Víctor Montero), the only professional soldier who considered friendship with the Argentines as a betrayal to the homeland, decides to attack, starting the crossfire. Ocampo is wounded between both trenches, while conscript José Almonacid (Andrés Olea), from Puqueldón, falls dead in the gunfire.
Rojas returns to Santiago determined to fulfill his love for Gloria (Fernanda Urrejola), his neighbor. However, she rejects him, just as society does, quickly forgetting the tense situation and the people who risked their lives to defend their country, both in Chile and Argentina.
# Choti Lamsam

Choti Lamsam (Chinese: 伍柏林; pinyin: Wǔ Bǎilín; Thai: โชติ ล่ำซำ; RTGS: Chot Lamsam) was a Thai businessman who founded the Kasikornbank or otherwise known as the Thai Farmers Bank in 1945 with registered capital of Baht 5 Million. The bank has been listed on the Stock Exchange of Thailand (SET) since 1976.
Choti was born in 1879 to a Hakka family. His father, Ng Yuk Long, was a second generation Thai Chinese with ancestry from Guangdong province. After Ng Meow Ngian, Yuk Long's father died, he took over and expanded the family's timber business. He also owned agricultural trading, saw mills and rice mills. After 1932, he set up an insurance and banking business. In 1939, Yuk Long was murdered by the local Chinese mafia. Choti and his brothers, Julin and Kasem, then took over the family business. During World War II, the banking industry started to grow and Choti established Thai Farmer Bank on June 8, 1945, focusing on retail banking and customers in the rural areas. Choti died in 1948 (2491 BE).
Choti Lamsam's grandson, Banthoon Lamsam, is ranked as the 21st richest in Thailand, Forbes, 2014.
# French frigate Adrienne (1809)

The Adrienne was a Pallas-class 46-gun frigate of the French Navy.
On 29 March 1811, she departed Toulon with Amélie, escorting the storeship Dromadaire carrying 8 tonnes of gunpowder and ammunition to Corfu. Two days later, the ships ran across a British squadron comprising HMS Unite and HMS Ajax. Dromadaire was captured, while the frigates managed to escape to Portoferraio.
She was renamed to Aurore on 11 April 1814, to Dauphine on 5 September 1829, and to Aurore again on 9 August 1830.

## Sources and references

* Roche, Jean-Michel (2005). "ADRIENNE - Frégate de 46 canons (1809 - 1849)". Dictionnaire des bâtiments de la flotte de guerre française de Colbert à nos jours 1 1671 - 1870. Toulon: Roche. ISBN 978-2-9525917-0-6. OCLC 165892922.
# Exomis

The exomis (Ancient Greek: ἐξωμίς from exo "outside", and omos "shoulder") was a Greek tunic used by the workers and the light infantry. The tunic largely replaced the older chitoniskos (or short chiton) as the main tunic of the hoplites during the later 5th century BC. It was made of two rectangles of linen (other materials were also used), which were stitched together from the sides to form a cylinder, leaving enough space at the top for the arms. An opening at the top was also left for the head. The cylinder was gathered up at the waist with a cloth belt using a reef knot, which made the cloth fall down over the belt, hiding it from view. To allow freedom of movement to the right arm, the seam at the right shoulder was taken apart, and the right hand was passed through the head opening.
The color of the tunic varied, but red (especially crimson) was increasingly the standard color preferred by hoplites during and after the Peloponnesian War.
The exomis could be worn in conjunction with the chlamys (also known as ephaptis) cape.
It was later adopted by the Romans.
# Ust-Kumir

Ust-Kumir (Russian: Усть-Кумир; Altay: Кайрукун, Kayrukun) is a rural locality (a selo) and the administrative centre of Talitskoye Rural Settlement, Ust-Kansky District, the Altai Republic, Russia. The population was 501 as of 2016. There are 11 streets.

## Geography

Ust-Kumir is located 38 km northwest of Ust-Kan (the district's administrative centre) by road. Talitsa is the nearest rural locality.
# Nong Yuang

Nong Yuang (Thai: หนองยวง, pronounced) is a village and tambon (subdistrict) of Wiang Nong Long District, in Lamphun Province, Thailand. In 2005 it had a population of 4078 people. The tambon contains five villages.
# Grigori Gorin

Grigori Israilevich Gorin (Russian: Григо́рий Изра́илевич Го́рин, born Ofshtein (Russian: Офштейн); March 12, 1940, Moscow — June 15, 2000, Moscow) was a Soviet and Russian playwright and writer of Jewish descent.
Gorin is particularly credited with scripts for several plays and films, which are regarded as important element of cultural reaction to the Era of Stagnation and perestroika in Soviet history.

## Biography

Gorin was born in Moscow to a Ukrainian Jewish family of Soviet Army officer father hailed from Podolian Volochysk and doctor mother. After graduation from the Sechenov 1st Moscow Medical Institute in 1963, Gorin worked as an ambulance doctor for some time (his mother spent her medical career on similar position).
He was involved in amateur playwriting during his student years. First, with the sketches for the students' local KVN network club. Gorin started publishing his satirical articles and sketches since 1960th, finally choosing writing as the professional career. He worked as a Chief of Humor Department in Yunost magazine, using Galka Galkina pen name.
In 1966, first book was published — Four Under One Cover (co-authored).
In 1978 — 1990 Gorin was a regular participant in the Vokrug Smekha (Around Laughter), the popular TV program.
He died suddenly at home in Moscow on the night of June 15, 2000, at the age of 61 from a massive heart attack and was buried at the Vagankovo Cemetery.

## Dramaturgy
### Selected works

* Til, 1970 — loosely based on Till Eulenspiegel and other national folklore
* Forget Herostratus! — tragic comedy, 1972
* The Very Truthful, 1974 — about Baron Munchausen
* The House That Swift Built, 1980
* Phenomenons, 1984
* Good Bye, Compere!, 1985
* Domestic Cat of Average Downiness, 1989 — co-authorship with Vladimir Voynovich
* Memorial prayer, 1989 theatrical, 1993 televised version - loosely based on a Sholem Aleichem work
* Kean IV, 1991 — loosely based on Edmund Kean's biography
* Plague on Both Your Houses!, 1994 — a loose sequel to Romeo and Juliet by William Shakespeare
* Royal Games, 1995
* Luckyman-Unluckyman (Schastlivtsev-Neschastlivtsev), 1997
* Balakirev The Buffoon, 1999 theatrical, 2002 televised version

## Screenplays

* To Kill a Dragon, 1988
* My Tenderly Loved Detective, 1986 (post-modernist comedy based on the Adventures of Sherlock Holmes)
* Formula of Love, 1984
* The House That Swift Built, 1983
* Say a Word for the Poor Hussar, 1980
* Naked Kurentsov, 1980
* Case on a Factory No. 6, 1980
* That Very Munchausen, 1979
* Velvet Season, 1978
* 100 Grammes for Bravery, 1976
* You to Me, Me to You, 1976
* Small Comedies of a Big House, 1975
* Stop Potapov!, 1974

## Cultural impact

Many of Gorin's aphorisms became popular among the Soviet people, e. g. piano in the bushes, which means painstaking preparations for a would-be impromptu. This particular one appeared in a humoresque called Quite accidentally by Arkanov and Gorin, published in that 1966 book.
# Peter (usurper)

Peter (Latin: Petrus) was a Roman usurper of the early sixth century AD, recorded in two minor sources: the Consularia Caesaraugustana and the Victoris Tunnunnensis Chronicon. He was a "tyrant" (meaning usurper) against the Visigothic rulers of Spain. When the Visigoths captured the city of Dertosa in 506, he was arrested and executed, with his head being sent as a trophy to Saragossa. Nothing else is known about him, but he seems to be the second Roman governor (after Burdunellus) to try to claim imperial authority in the Ebro valley of Spain after the fall of the Western Roman Empire.
# Koschevnikov gland

The Koschevnikov gland is a gland of the honeybee located near the sting shaft. The gland produces an alarm pheromone that is released when a bee stings. The pheromone contains more than 40 different compounds, including pentylacetate, butyl acetate, 1-hexanol, n-butanol, 1-octanol, hexylacetate, octylacetate, and 2-nonanol. These components have a low molar mass and evaporate quickly. This collection of compounds is the least specific of all pheromones. The alarm pheromone is released when a honey bee stings another animal to attract other bees to attack, as well. The release of the alarm pheromone may entice more bees to sting at the same location. Smoking the bees can reduce the pheromone's efficacy.
# Cherven (fortress)

The stronghold of Cherven (Bulgarian: Червен, "red") was one of the Second Bulgarian Empire's primary military, administrative, economic and cultural centres between the 12th and the 14th century. The ruins of the fortress are located near the village of the same name 30 to 35 kilometres (19 to 22 mi) south of Rousse, northeastern Bulgaria.

## History

The town was a successor to an earlier Byzantine fortress of the 6th century, but the area has been inhabited since the arrival of the Thracians. Cherven was first mentioned in the 11th century in an Old Bulgarian apocryphal chronicle. It gained importance after 1235, when it became the seat of the medieval Bulgarian Orthodox Bishopric of Cherven. It was affected by the Mongol Golden Horde raids in 1242 and was briefly conquered by Byzantine troops during the reign of Tsar Ivailo (1278–1280).
During the second half of the 14th century, the stronghold's area exceeded 1 square kilometre (0.39 sq mi) and had intensive urban development, including a fortified inner city on vast rock ground in one of the Cherni Lom river's bends, and an outer city at the foot of the rocks and on the neighbouring hills. The town had a complex fortification system and was completely built up. Cherven grew to become a centre of craftsmanship in the 14th century, with iron extraction, ironworking, goldsmithing, construction and arts being well developed. The town was an important junction of roads from the Danube to the country's interior, which also made the town a key centre of trade.
Cherven was conquered by the Ottoman Turks in 1388 during the Bulgarian-Ottoman Wars, initially retaining its administrative functions but later declining in importance. The modern village of Cherven located close to the ruins of the fortress has, as of September 2005, 302 inhabitants.

## Archaeological site

The remains of the medieval town of Cherven are an archaeological site of great importance to the research of Bulgarian culture of the Middle Ages. The first excavations were carried out in 1910–1911 under professor Vasil Zlatarski, while regular research on the site began in 1961. Currently, archaeological work is being conducted by Stoyan Yordanov of the Rousse Regional Museum of History. Yordanov has over 30 years of experience working at Cherven, and leads excavations atop the Cherven old town site every summer.
A large feudal palace with fortified walls reaching up to 3 metres (10 ft) wide, two well-preserved underground water supply passages, 13 churches, administrative and residential buildings, workshops and streets have been excavated. The three-storey tower, 12 metres (39 ft) high, from the 14th century has also been fully preserved and was even used as a model for the reconstruction of Baldwin's Tower in Tsarevets, Veliko Tarnovo, in 1930. The site has been a national archaeological reserve since 1965 and is a popular tourist attraction.
A 14th-century church was discovered in Cherven with murals of "warrior saints".

## Legacy

Cherven Peak on Rugged Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica is named after Cherven.
# USS New Berne

USS New Berne was a wooden-hulled, propeller-driven steamer acquired by the Union Navy during the American Civil War.
She served the Navy primarily as a supply ship but, as a Union ship of the blockade of the waterways of the Confederate States of American, she was also responsible to take on the role of a gunboat when the opportunity presented itself.

## Construction and launch

New Berne was built at the C. & R. Poillon shipyard at the foot of Bridge Street in Brooklyn, New York. She was launched on July 1, 1862 as United States. She was purchased by the Navy for $136,800 from Wakeman, Dimon & Co. on June 27, 1863. She was commission as USS New Berne at New York Navy Yard 15 August 1863, Acting Vol. Lt. Thomas A. Harris in command.
She was rigged as a brigantine and could sail when winds were favorable, but her primary propulsion was provided by a steam-powered single propeller. New Berne had two steam engines which worked together to turn the propeller. Each had a single cylinder with a 36 inches (0.91 m) bore and a 36 inches (0.91 m) piston stroke. There was one boiler with two coal-fired furnaces to produce steam for the engines. New Berne's steam engines and related machinery was produced by the DeLamter Iron Works of New York City.
Her armament was upgraded throughout the Civil War. Upon entering Navy service, she was fitted with 2 24-pounder smoothbore guns and 2 12-pounder rifles. In August 1863 her battery was increased to 1 30-pounder Parrott rifle, 4 24-pounder smoothbore guns, and 1 12-pounder rifle. In July 1864, a second 30-pounder Parrott rifle was added.

## Civil War service
### Assigned to the North Atlantic blockade

Designated a supply ship, New Berne departed New York 1 September 1863 to join the North Atlantic Blockading Squadron. For the remainder of the war, she carried mail, supplies, officers, and seamen from Northern ports to and from the ships and stations of her squadron.

### In pursuit of Confederate blockade runners

From time to time her performance of this vital but unspectacular duty was enlivened by pursuit of a blockade runner. She departed Newport News, Virginia, before dawn 11 December hunting a "steamer burning soft coal" reportedly attempting to run the blockade near the entrance to Chesapeake Bay.
She did not catch this elusive steamer but had better luck the following spring when she chased steamer Pevensey aground near Beaufort, North Carolina, 9 June 1864. Shortly thereafter the blockade runner, carrying arms, lead, bacon, and uniforms for Robert E. Lee's army, exploded.
She scored again 16 December 1864 when, with USS Mount Vernon, she captured and burned schooner G. O. Bigelow in ballast at Bear Inlet, North Carolina.

## Post-war service and decommissioning

After the war, New Berne continued service as a supply ship, but for two periods in ordinary, 5 December 1866 to 8 February 1867 and 5 April to 26 November 1867, until decommissioning 29 March 1868.
She was transferred to the U.S. War Department at Washington, D.C. 1 December 1868.
# Bröllopsfotografen

Bröllopsfotografen (English: The Wedding Photographer) is a Swedish tragicomedy film from 2009. It was directed and written by Ulf Malmros.

## Plot

The film is mostly set in Stockholm and in the small industrial town of Molkom in the Swedish province of Värmland, where Robin, an amateur photographer lives. When the factory in Molkom shuts down, Robin leaves his beloved hometown to try his luck in Stockholm as a wedding photographer. His first wedding is an upper-class wedding, where he falls in love with the bride's sister. He tries to fit in the upper-class, and changes not merely his outlook on life but also his hairstyle.

## Cast

* Björn A. Ling as Robin
* Kjell Bergqvist as the unsuccessful actor and Robin's landlord Jonny Björk
* Tuva Novotny as Robin's love Astrid
* Johannes Brost as Astrid's father Claes
* Lotta Tejle as Gunilla
* Tomas Tjerneld as Ove
* Johanna Strömberg as Malin
* Johan Andersson as Bobby
* Marianne Scheja as Cecilia
* Rebecca Scheja as Elsa
* Rebecca Scheja as the bride
* Anastasios Soulis as the bridegroom
* Michael Nyqvist as a stage actor
* Jessica Liedberg as a stage actress
* Pontus Olgrim as a baptising assistant
* Erik Lundin as a car dealer
* Pontus Olgrim as a dopvärd
# 1981 Boston University Terriers football team

The 1981 Boston University Terriers football team was an American football team that represented Boston University as a member of the Yankee Conference during the 1981 NCAA Division I-AA football season. In their fifth season under head coach Rick Taylor, the Terriers compiled a 6–5 record (3–2 against conference opponents), finished third in the conference, and outscored opponents by a total of 263 to 184.

## Schedule

| Date | Opponent | Site | Result | Attendance |
| September 5 | Merchant Marine* | Nickerson FieldBoston, MA | W 24–13 | |
| September 12 | at Holy Cross* | Fitton FieldWorcester, MA | L 6–14 | 15,663 |
| September 19 | New Hampshire | Nickerson FieldBoston, MA | L 8–10 | 4,257 |
| September 26 | at Maine | Alumni FieldOrono, ME | W 48–7 | |
| October 3 | at Colgate | Andy Kerr StadiumHamilton, NY | L 14–21 | 5,100 |
| October 10 | at Davidson | Richardson StadiumDavidson, NC | L 14–44 | 3,000 |
| October 17 | Rhode Island | Nickerson FieldBoston, MA | W 27–21 | |
| October 24 | at UMass | Alumni StadiumHadley, MA | L 20–34 | |
| November 7 | Connecticut | Nickerson FieldBoston, MA | W 37–20 | |
| November 14 | Bucknell* | Nickerson FieldBoston, MA | W 27–0 | 3,214 |
| November 21 | at Northeastern* | Parsons FieldBrookline, MA | W 38–0 | 3,030 |
| *Non-conference game ||||||
# Matronian

Matronian(us) (Italian: San Matroniano) was a hermit of Milan. It is recorded that Ambrose enshrined Matronian's relics in the church of San Nazaro Maggiore in Milan.
# Regency seat

A regency seat (Indonesian: Ibu kota kabupaten) is a capital or seat of government of a regency in Indonesia. It is roughly equivalent of county seat in the United States or county town in the United Kingdom. Legally, regency seats are not administrative subdivisions of Indonesia and have no official boundaries. A regency seat may occupy an entire district (such as Sigli in Pidie Regency, Ngawi (town) in Ngawi Regency), a part of district (such as Sarilamak in Harau district, Lima Puluh Kota Regency), or several districts (such as Ungaran, which consists of West Ungaran district and East Ungaran district in Semarang Regency).
The regent offices in most Indonesian regencies usually have Traditional design representing a Region, although dome in a roof sometimes can be added in some Indonesian regent offices, resembling a U.S. state capitol or a county courthouse.
# Zosimades

The Zosimades (Greek: Ζωσιμάδες) or Zosimas brothers were 18th-19th century Greek benefactors and merchants.
The Zosimades were six brothers:
* Ioannis Zosimas (1752–1771)
* Anastasios Zosimas (1754–1828)
* Nikolaos Zosimas (1758–1842)
* Theodosios Zosimas (1760–1793)
* Zois Zosimas (1764–1828)
* Michael Zosimas (1766–1809)
They were born in Ioannina, a city that was under Ottoman rule and a major center of the Greek Enlightenment that time. Their father was a local merchant, Panagis Zosimas. In 1775, Nikolaos, Theodosios and Michael started their trading activities in Livorno, Italy, while Ioannis, Anastasios and Zois ran their trade business in Nizhyn (Ukraine) and then in Moscow. Their trade network soon became profitable and they managed to make a fortune.

## Benefaction

After Theodosis' death (1793), he wrote in his testament that they should financially support the education of their home city Ioannina. So they donated astronomical amounts of money for the establishment and function of various schools and public libraries. Another huge donation went for the National Library, of Adamantios Korais, one of the major contributors of the Greek Enlightenment movement. Apart from educational institutions, orphanages were also financed. The Zosimades also subsidized the publication of several books.
At 1820, after Zois' death, they supported the establishment of a new school in their home place, which became known as Zosimaia. This institution would become the center of Greek education the following century in the region of Epirus.
During the following outbreak of the Greek War of Independence (1821–1830) the remaining Zosimades became active members of the patriotic organization Philiki Etaireia and supported financially the struggle. Zosimades also completely financed the erection of the Monetary Museum of Athens, donating their personal collection of Ancient Greek and Roman currency, as well as the orphanage in Patmos.