OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Cryogenic hardening

Cryogenic hardening is a cryogenic treatment process where the material is cooled to approximately −185 °C (−301 °F), typically using liquid nitrogen. It can have a profound effect on the mechanical properties of certain steels, provided their composition and prior heat treatment are such that they retain some austenite at room temperature. It is designed to increase the amount of martensite in the steel's crystal structure, increasing its strength and hardness, sometimes at the cost of toughness. Presently this treatment is being used on tool steels, high-carbon, high-chromium steels and in some cases to cemented carbide to obtain excellent wear resistance. Recent research shows that there is precipitation of fine carbides (eta carbides) in the matrix during this treatment which imparts very high wear resistance to the steels.
The transformation from austenite to martensite is mostly accomplished through quenching, but in general it is driven further and further toward completion as temperature decreases. In higher-alloy steels such as austenitic stainless steel, the onset of transformation can require temperatures much lower than room temperature. More commonly, an incomplete transformation occurs in the initial quench, so that cryogenic treatments merely enhance the effects of prior quenching. However, since martensite is a non-equilibrium phase on the iron-iron carbide phase diagram, it has not been shown that warming the part after the cryogenic treatment results in the re-transformation of the induced martensite back to austenite or to ferrite plus cementite, negating the hardening effect.
The transformation between these phases is instantaneous and not dependent upon diffusion, and also that this treatment causes more complete hardening rather than moderating extreme hardness, both of which make the term "cryogenic tempering" technically incorrect.
Hardening need not be due to martensitic transformation, but can also be accomplished by cold work at cryogenic temperatures. The defects introduced by plastic deformation at these low temperatures are often quite different from the dislocations that usually form at room temperature, and produce materials changes which in some ways resemble the effects of shock hardening. While this process is more effective than traditional cold work, it serves mainly as a theoretical test bed for more economical processes such as explosive forging.
Many alloys that do not undergo martensitic transformation have been subjected to the same treatments as steels—that is, cooled with no provisions for cold work. If any benefit is seen from such a process, one plausible explanation is that thermal expansion causes minor, but permanent deformation of the material.
# National Institutional Junta

The National Institutional Junta (Spanish: Junta Nacional Instituyente) was a legislative assembly established on 2 November 1822 by order of Emperor Agustín de Iturbide with the purpose of replacing the congress which he had dissolved. Iturbide declared that until a new congress could be convened, popular representation would reside within this Junta.
Its first session was held on 2 November 1822 in the San Pedro and San Pablo College, where Juan Francisco de Castañiza y González, Marquis of Castañiza, was named president of the same. Then, this Junta was in charge of several matters of immediate need and prepared a project for convening a new congress. The Junta ceased its work at the beginning of March 1823, when Agustín de Iturbide reinstated the first congress again.

## List of deputies of the National Institutional Junta

| Province | Deputies |
| Mexico | Joaquín Román José de Sardaneta |
| Puebla | Luis Mendizábal Francisco Puig |
| Durango | Juan Francisco de Castañiza Francisco Velasco |
| Querétaro | Juan Nepomuceno Mier and Altamirano |
| Tlaxcala | Miguel Guridi and Alcocer |
| Valladolid | Francisco Argandar Antonio Aguilar |
| Oaxaca | Antonio Morales de Ibáñez Pedro Labayru |
| Guanajuato | Francisco Uraga Antonio Mier and Villagomez |
| Veracruz | José María Becerra José Ignacio Esteva |
| Guadalajara | Toribio González Mariano Mendiola |
| Potosí | Ramón Esteban Martínez de los Ríos Pascual de Aranda |
| Zacatecas | Agustín de Iriarte José María Bocanegra |
| Sonora y Sinaloa | Carlos Espinosa de los Monteros Antonio Iriarte |
| Yucatán | Manuel Lorenzo de Zavala Santiago Calderón Helguera, Count of Miraflores |
| Nuevo Mexico | Francisco Pérez Serrano |
| Nuevo Reyno de León | Juan Bautista Arizpe |
| Nuevo Santander | José Antonio Gutiérrez de Lara |
| Coahuila | Antonio Elozua |
| Texas | Refugio de la Garza |
| Antigua California | Manuel Ortíz |
| Nueva California | Ambrosio Martínez de Vea |
| Deputies for Chiapas, Guatemala, Nicaragua, Honduras, San Salvador, and Costa Rica | Pedro Celís Pedro Arroyabe Isidro Montúfar Luciano Figueroa Manuel Ignacio Gutiérrez Bonifacio Fernández Miguel Larreynaga Tomás Beltranena José Vicente Orantes Juan José Quiñones Manuel López de la Plata José Francisco Peralta Jacinto Rubí |
| Deputies Substitutes | Antonio José Valdés José María Covarrubias Manuel Flores Martín Inclán José María Abarca Mariano Aranda Simón Elías González Manuel Álvarez |
# Bendito Entre Las Mujeres

Bendito Entre Las Mujeres (English: Blessed Among Women) is the first solo album by the lead guitarist of Latin rock band Maná, Sergio Vallín. The album was released on September 22, 2009. On this album which he combines his signature guitar chops with the voices of some of the greatest female singers that includes Spaniards Ana Torroja (of the trio Mecano), Rosana, Natalia Jiménez (of La 5ª Estación), Paulina Rubio, Joy Huerta (of Jesse & Joy), Ely Guerra, Raquel del Rosario (of El Sueño de Morfeo), María José and Brazilian star Ivete Sangalo.
The title is a pun on bendita entre las mujeres, which is said in praise of the Virgin Mary.

## Track listing

| # | Title | Time |
| 1. | Historias de una Nena 1 (Instrumental) (Sergio Vallín) | 1:33 |
| 2. | Esa Soy Yo featuring Natalia Jiménez (Sergio Vallín) | 3:51 |
| 3. | Por Que No Te Vas featuring Ana Torroja (Sergio Vallín) | 3:29 |
| 4. | Palabras Rotas featuring Janette Chao (Sergio Vallín) | 3:39 |
| 5. | Que Pasa Tío featuring María José (Sergio Vallín) | 3:17 |
| 6. | Milagro Catastrófico featuring Ely Guerra (Sergio Vallín) | 5:04 |
| 7. | Fragilidad featuring Joy Huerta (Gordon Sumner) | 4:14 |
| 8. | Tan Dentro De Mi featuring Rosana (Sergio Vallín) | 3:19 |
| 9. | No Mas Traiciones featuring Paulina Rubio (Sergio Vallín) | 4:10 |
| 10. | Sólo Tú featuring Raquel del Rosario (Sergio Vallín) | 4:04 |
| 11. | Gotas De Ti featuring Ivete Sangalo (Sergio Vallín) | 4:25 |
| 12. | Por Que Te Vas featuring Rocío Vallín (Sergio Vallín) | 4:13 |
| 13. | Historias de una Nena 2 (Instrumental 2) (Sergio Vallín) | 2:41 |

## Personnel

* Sergio Vallín – guitars, chorus
* Jorginho Luiz *From Brazil – drums
* Fernando Vallín – bass guitar
* Jeff Babko – keyboards
* Luis Conte – percussion
* Chorus: Alih Jey, Karla Vallín & Sebastian Krys
* Choir of Flamenco for: "Que Pasa Tío" : Macarena Rodriguez
* Mariachi: Mariachi Divas de Cindy Shea
# Otradnoye, Priozersky District, Leningrad Oblast

60°50′N 30°08′E﻿ / ﻿60.833°N 30.133°E﻿ / 60.833; 30.133
Otradnoye (Russian: Отра́дное; Finnish: Pyhäjärvi (Vpl)) is a rural locality (a settlement at the railway station) in Priozersky District of Leningrad Oblast and a railway station of the Saint Petersburg-Hiitola railway, located on the Karelian Isthmus at the western shore of Lake Otradnoye (Lake Pyhäjärvi).
Before the Winter War and Continuation War, it was the administrative center of the Pyhäjärvi Municipality in Viipuri Province of Finland. It is birthplace of Juhana Toiviainen (1879–1937), Karl Lennart Oesch (1892–1978), Matti Pärssinen (1896–1951), Armas Äikiä (1904–1965), Väinö Kaasalainen (1902–1955) and Nestori Kaasalainen (1915–2016).
* This Leningrad Oblast location article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
# Dolianova

Dolianova (Sardinian: Patiolla) is an Italian town and comune in the province of South Sardinia, Sardinia. The town was born on 25 June 1905 from the fusion of two centers: Sicci San Biagio and San Pantaleo. Its economy is based on agriculture (wine and olive oil). The name "Dolianova" has obscure origins. It is thought to be related to the Latin "Pars Olea" (Place of Oil).

## History

The first documents about Dolia date to 1089, when the bishop Virgilio signed the act of foundation of the monasteries of Saints Giorgio and Genesio, created by the will of Arzone, judge of Cagliari.
In 1503 the diocese of Dolia was united with the diocese of Cagliari.
At the end of the era of Giudicati, San Pantaleo and Sicci followed different roads: the first one became a fief of Suelli's bishop. Then, the archbishops of Cagliari, become barons, made San Pantaleo the most important centre of the zone, which exercised its power on the villages of Donori, Serdiana, Sicci, Soleminis, and Ussana.
The small village of Sicci San Biagio, during the Aragonese domination, was transformed into a baronage and assigned to Raimondo De Amburra. Sicci thenceforth became a fief of the dukes of Mandas y Tellez Giròn de Alcantara, who maintained it until the end of feudalism. In 1846 San Pantaleo had 1360 inhabitants, Sicci 727.
The two ancient villages of San Pantaleo and Sicci San Biagio, once separated by the great gardens of the villa of Marchioness Boyl of Putifigari (which is now the museum of oil “Sa Mola de su Notariu”), are the two quarters of the modern Dolianova.

### Ecclesiastical history

Under the name Dolia, Dolianova was the seat of a diocese. It was set up around the year 1100; the date 1112 is given, but Benedetto of Dolia was bishop from around 1095, and 1112 is the year of his death. The earlier date 1089, for bishop Virgilio, is attested.
The diocese was suppressed in 1503, its territory going to the diocese of Cagliari.
It was revived as a Catholic titular see in 1969. Kevin M. Birmingham was appointed titular bishop in 2020 and remained him until his death.

## Main sights

* The Cathedral of San Pantaleo, a Romanesque-Pisane-style church of the 12th century. The works for its construction began in 1160 and finished in 1289. Since the 14th century it has been bishop's seat.
* Roman Baths, in Sa Cora.
* Nuraghe sa dom'e S'Orcu (in Punta Bruncu Salamu)
* The Giant's tombs in Su Tiriaxiu
* The nuragic structures in Sant'Uanni, which fortresses are covered by trees
* The archaeological sites of Mitza salamu e Sa dom’ ‘e s’ossu.

## Culture

The most important events in Dolianova are dedicated to the two saints, which name is related to the ancient villages of San Pantaleo and Sicci San Biagio: the first one is characterized by a procession through the streets with the statue of the saint and a big candle (Su Xeru) transported to Saint Mary's church in Siurgus Donigala as a memory of a vow against the plague.

## Notable residents

* Graziano Origa (1952–2023), artist
# Daiana Ocampo

Daiana Alejandra Ocampo (born 16 February 1991) is an Argentine long-distance runner. In 2020, she competed in the women's half marathon at the 2020 World Athletics Half Marathon Championships held in Gdynia, Poland.
# Cornelis Claesz van Wieringen

Cornelis Claesz van Wieringen (c. 1576 – 29 December 1633) was a Dutch Golden Age painter.

## Biography

Van Wieringen was born and died in Haarlem. He was the son of a Haarlem captain, and drew, painted and etched with his friends Hendrick Goltzius and Cornelis van Haarlem. He also held important positions in the Haarlem Guild of St. Luke, the painters' guild, where he became a member in 1597.
He specialized in paintings depicting ships and sea battles, and received orders from the municipal councils of Haarlem and Amsterdam. He painted the most popular picture of the Damiaatjes legend of Haarlem, showing how a Haarlem ship broke the protective chain at Domyat, Egypt during the Fifth Crusade, resulting in an important victory over Islam. This painting was such a success that it was reordered in tapestry form, and both pieces are in the collection of the Frans Hals Museum.
The city of Haarlem archives still hold the original records of the 1629 order to Van Wieringen to make the tapestry, the largest made in the 17th century (10.75 meters long and 2.40 meters high). This tapestry still hangs on the wall of the Haarlem City Hall council meeting room known as the vroedschapskamer, where it was installed. It is on public display once a year on Monument Day.
# Roannais Agglomération

Roannais Agglomération is the communauté d'agglomération, an intercommunal structure, centred on the city of Roanne. It is located in the Loire department, in the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region, east-central France. It was created in January 2013 by the merger of the former Communauté d'agglomération Grand Roanne Agglomération with 4 former communautés de communes and 1 other commune. Its seat is in Roanne. Its area is 689.3 km$^2$. Its population was 100,486 in 2017, of which 34,366 in Roanne proper.

## Composition

The communauté d'agglomération consists of the following 40 communes:
* Ambierle
* Arcon
* Changy
* Combre
* Commelle-Vernay
* Le Coteau
* Coutouvre
* Le Crozet
* Lentigny
* Les Noës
* Mably
* Montagny
* Noailly
* Notre-Dame-de-Boisset
* Ouches
* La Pacaudière
* Parigny
* Perreux
* Pouilly-les-Nonains
* Renaison
* Riorges
* Roanne
* Sail-les-Bains
* Saint-Alban-les-Eaux
* Saint-André-d'Apchon
* Saint-Bonnet-des-Quarts
* Saint-Forgeux-Lespinasse
* Saint-Germain-Lespinasse
* Saint-Haon-le-Châtel
* Saint-Haon-le-Vieux
* Saint-Jean-Saint-Maurice-sur-Loire
* Saint-Léger-sur-Roanne
* Saint-Martin-d'Estréaux
* Saint-Rirand
* Saint-Romain-la-Motte
* Saint-Vincent-de-Boisset
* Urbise
* Villemontais
* Villerest
* Vivans
# Field Telegraph Corps

Field Telegraph Corps (Swedish: Fälttelegrafkåren), designation Ing 3, was a Swedish engineering unit within the Swedish Armed Forces which served in various forms between 1902 and 1937. The main part of the unit was located in the Stockholm Garrison in Stockholm, Uppland.

## History

The Field Telegraph Corps was established in 1902 and was organized by the Fields Telegraph Company of the Svea Engineer Battalion, in connection with the battalion's reorganization into Svea Engineer Corps, together with a newly established Field Telegraph Company. The unit changed after a few years the designation to Ing 3. A detachment from the Field Telegraph Corps was during the years 1912-1916 deployed at Axevalla heath and Malmen and formed the backbone of the army air force. The detachment was reorganized in 1916 into the Field Telegraph Corps' 5th Company, the Air Company, which was deployed at Malmen from 1916 to 1926 when the Swedish Air Force was established.
In the Signal Workshop in Sundbyberg (Signalverkstaden i Sundbyberg, SIS) was included in the Field Telegraph Corps, which in 1940 added the newly established Defense Department's Engineering Committee (Försvarsväsendets verkstadsnämnd).
The Field Telegraph Corps was disbanded in 1937 and formed the backbone of the Signal Regiment (S 1).

## 1914 organisation

In accordance with the 1914 Defense Resolution the Field Telegraph Corps consisted of:
* Staff based in Marieberg on Kungsholmen in Stockholm
* 2 Field Telegraph Companies
* 1 Park Company
* 1 Ordnance Company
* 1 Radio Company based at Järvafältet
* 1 Balloon Company based at Järvafältet
* 1 Air Company based at Malmslätt

## Commanding officers

Commanders of the Field Telegraph Corps:
* 1902–1904: Nils Gustaf Stedt
* 1904–1910: Georg Frans Herman Julius Juhlin-Dannfelt
* 1907–1912: Broder Sten A:son Leijonhufvud
* 1912–1915: Adolf Murray
* 1915–1920: Karl Amundson
* 1920–1924: Conrad Erikson
* 1924–1925: Karl Amundson
* 1925–1928: Eggert Nauclér
* 1928–1932: Torsten Friis
* 1932–1937: Gottfried Hain

## Names, designations and locations

| Name | Translation | From | | To |
| Fältsignalkompaniet | Field Signal Company | 1871-11-01 | – | 1893-02-27 |
| Fälttelegrafkompaniet | Field Telegraph Company | 1893-02-28 | – | 1901-12-31 |
| Kungl. Fälttelegrafkåren | Royal Field Telegraph Corps | 1902-01-01 | – | 1937-06-30 |
| Designation | | From | | To |
| Ing 3 | | 1914-10-01 | – | 1937-06-30 |
| Location | | From | | To |
| Stockholm Garrison | | 1902-01-01 | – | 1937-06-30 |
# Altykarasu

49°12′08″N 55°52′05″E﻿ / ﻿49.20222°N 55.86806°E﻿ / 49.20222; 55.86806
Altykarasu, also known as Altyqarasu, (Kazakh: Алтықарасу, Altyqarasu, التىقاراسۋ; Russian: Алтыкарасу, Altykarasu) is a town in Aktobe Region, west Kazakhstan. It lies at an altitude of 130 m (430 ft).
# Ardealul

Ardealul (English: Transylvania) was a weekly newspaper from Chişinău, the Moldavian Republic, founded by Onisifor Ghibu in October 1917. Initially, the newspaper was published weekly, later appeared three times a week. After January 1918, its successor was the daily newspaper România Nouă.
# Nass (Islam)

Nass (Arabic: نَصّ, romanized: naṣṣ) is an Arabic word variously translated as "a known, clear legal injunction," a "divine decree", a "designation", "written law" as opposed to unwritten law, "canonical text" that forbids or requires, a "textual proof".
In Shia Islam (Twelver and Isma'ili), nass refers specifically to the designation of an infallible Imam by a previous infallible Imam.
# Pakan (state constituency)

Pakan is a state constituency in Sarawak, Malaysia, that has been represented in the Sarawak State Legislative Assembly since 1969.
The state constituency was created in the 1968 redistribution and is mandated to return a single member to the Sarawak State Legislative Assembly under the first past the post voting system.

## History
### Polling districts

According to the gazette issued on 31 October 2022, the Pakan constituency has a total of 6 polling districts.
| State constituency | Polling Districts | Code | Location |
| Pakan (N47) | Bayong | 209/47/01 | SK Balong Sg. Rian SK Udin Ng. Bayong RH Andrew Mangka Sg. Ribong RH Tirai Sebangkoi |
| Pakan (N47) | Sungai Rusa | 209/47/02 | SK Penghulu Anding SJK (C) Su Dok |
| Pakan (N47) | Babai | 209/47/03 | RH Budum Ng. Tubai Buah SJK (C) Su Dok RH Budim Ng Tubai Buah SK Ulu Pedanum SK Ng. Buku SK Babai |
| Pakan (N47) | Lamujan | 209/47/04 | SK Ng. Pakan SK Ulu Manding SK Sg. Sugai |
| Pakan (N47) | Wuak | 209/47/05 | RH Julius Duat Maur @ Julius Edward SK Ng. Kedup RH Mandau Sg. Marau Pakan SK Ng. Wuak |
| Pakan (N47) | Dayu | 209/47/06 | SK Ng. Kota SK Ng. Wak SK Ng. Dayu SK Ng. Kara SK Ng. Sembawang RH Ko Ak Changgan Sg. Balong |

### Representation history

Members of the Legislative Assembly for Pakan :
| Assembly | Years | Member | Party |
| Constituency created ||||
| 8th | 1970-1974 | Mandi Sanar | PESAKA |
| 9th | 1974-1979 | Jawie Wilson Masing | SNAP |
| 10th | 1979-1983 | Jawie Wilson Masing | BN (SNAP) |
| 11th | 1983-1987 | Jawie Wilson Masing | PBDS |
| 12th | 1987-1991 | Jawie Wilson Masing | PBDS |
| 13th | 1991-1996 | William Mawan Ikom | BN (SNAP) |
| 14th | 1996-2001 | William Mawan Ikom | BN (SNAP) |
| 15th | 2001-2002 | William Mawan Ikom | BN (SNAP) |
| 15th | 2002-2006 | William Mawan Ikom | BN (PDP) |
| 16th | 2006-2011 | William Mawan Ikom | BN (PDP) |
| 17th | 2011-2014 | William Mawan Ikom | BN (PDP) |
| 17th | 2014-2016 | William Mawan Ikom | TERAS |
| 18th | 2016-2018 | William Mawan Ikom | BN (PBB) |
| 18th | 2018-2021 | William Mawan Ikom | GPS (PBB) |
| 19th | 2021–present | William Mawan Ikom | GPS (PBB) |
# Mueang Kaeo

Mueang Kaeo (Thai: เหมืองแก้ว) is a tambon (subdistrict) of Mae Rim District, in Chiang Mai Province, Thailand. In 2005 it had a population of 5,423 people. The tambon contains nine villages.
# Servia-Velventos

Servia–Velventos (Greek: Σέρβια-Βελβεντός, Sérvia-Velventós) is a former municipality in the Kozani regional unit, Greece, that existed between 2011 and 2019. The seat of the municipality was the town Servia. The municipality has an area of 728.166 km$^2$.

## Municipality

The municipality Servia–Velventos was formed at the 2011 local government reform by the merger of the following 4 former municipalities, that became municipal units:
* Kamvounia
* Livadero
* Servia
* Velventos
At the 2019 local government reform, the municipality was split into two municipalities: Servia (containing the municipal units Servia, Kamvounia and Livadero) and Velventos.
# Riesending cave

The Riesending cave (German: Riesending-Schachthöhle) is a pit cave in the Untersberg near Berchtesgaden, Germany and Salzburg, Austria. At 1,148 m it is the deepest and at 19,300 m the longest cave in Germany. It was discovered in 1996. In June 2014 it became well known because of a large effort to rescue a lead speleologist.

## Description

The Riesending cave (German for "huge thing") is a pit cave in the Untersberg, near Berchtesgaden, Bavaria. At 23,800 m it is the longest and 1,148 m the deepest in Germany. Riesending was discovered in 1996 by Hermann Sommer and Ulrich Meyer.
In June 2014, Riesending became well known to the general public for the largest ever rescue effort, the rescue in the Riesending cave, taking eleven days by 700 members of a multinational group of cave rescuers to rescue then-52-year-old Johann Westhauser [de], one of the original and principal researchers of the cave, a physicist, speleologist and cave rescuer himself, who had been injured in a rockfall deep in the cave.
# Franco Borruto

Franco Borruto is an Italian professor, author and gynecologist resident for many years in Monte Carlo, Principality of Monaco.

## Career

In May 2002, he was appointed Professor of Gynecology and Obstetrics in the University of Verona. Until September 2010 he worked in Verona, Head of the Unit of Pathology and Gynecologic Endocrinology for Adolescents. Currently he is member of the “Ordre des Medecins” of Monaco and he exercised for five years (September 2010-October 2015) his activities at the Gynecology Service of the Princess Grace Hospital Centre (CHPG).
He is the author of more than 300 publications and 8 monographs. He is the Editor of the book “HPV and Cervical cancer” (Springer, NY). He practiced more than 3600 surgical operations. He is Honorary Member of the Spanish Society of Gynecologic Echography and Prenatal Diagnosis and of other International and European Scientific Societies. He is member of Eurogin and of the International Papillomavirus Society (IPVS). The last ten years were dedicated to promote the anti-HPV vaccination for adolescents.
In June 2015, he was appointed as an Honorary Member of the Brazilian Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics and in July 2015 of the title of Knight of Academic Palms (conferred by the French Prime Minister Manuel Valls), then in November 2015 the Principality of Monaco wanted to give him the title of Knight of the “Order of St. Charles”. In April 2017 he has been appointed Honorary Member of the College of Obstetrics and Gynecology of Latvia. Since October 2015 he is the “Consultant dans le domaine de la politique de santé pour le Gouvernement Princier” at the Department des affaires sociales et de la santé.
In July 2022, Borruto promoted "officier dans l'ordre des palmes académiques".
HSH Prince Albert II of Monaco elevated by Sovereigne Ordinance of 17 November 2023 Borruto to the rank of Officer of the Order of Saint-Charles.