OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Bukovska Vas

Bukovska Vas (pronounced; Slovene: Bukovska vas, German: Buchdorf) is a settlement on the left bank of the Mislinja River in the Municipality of Dravograd in the Carinthia region in northern Slovenia. It includes the hamlet of Sveta Jedrt (or Sveta Jedert).

## Name

Bukovska Vas was first mentioned in written sources in 1168 as Půchdorf. The name is interpreted locally as referring to former forests of beech trees (Slovene: bukev) or to large farms where unschooled writers lived (Slovene: bukovniki).

## History

In the 12th century, Bukovska Vas was a possession of St. Paul's Abbey in the Lavant Valley. In the 16th century, the settlement belonged to Püchenstein Castle (Slovene: Puhštanj, Puhenštanj, Pukštanj) and it had 15 farms and a mill along the Mislinja River.

### Mass grave

Bukovska Vas is the site of a mass grave from the period immediately after the Second World War. The House No. 35 Mass Grave (Slovene: Grobišče pri hiši 35) is located in the woods south of the village. It contains the remains of a number of Croatians murdered in the second half of May 1945.

## Church

The church in Bukovska Vas is dedicated to Saint Gertrude (Slovene: sveta Jedrt). It was first mentioned in written sources in 1278. It is furnished in the Baroque style and has a late Romanesque rectangular rib-vaulted chancel. A Gothic sculpture of Saint Gertrude dates to circa 1440, and a sculpture of the Lamb of God in a side niche to circa 1300.
# Scott Weir

Robert Scott Weir (1 May 1953 – 4 October 2018) was a Scottish cricketer. He played in four first-class and ten List A matches for the Scotland cricket team from 1975 to 1984. He was also a helicopter pilot for the RAF, and was awarded with the Air Force Cross in 1993.
# Iceland–Sweden relations

Iceland–Sweden relations (Icelandic: Samskipti Íslands og Svíþjóðar, Swedish: Islands-svenska relationer) refers to the diplomatic relations between Iceland and Sweden. Both nations are Nordic countries and are members of the Arctic Council, Council of the Baltic Sea States, Council of Europe, NATO, Nordic-Baltic Eight, Nordic Council, Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe, and the United Nations.

## History

Iceland and Sweden are two Nordic countries once inhabited by the Vikings. The first known Swede to arrive to Iceland was Garðar Svavarsson in 870. He became the first person to circumnavigate Iceland. In 1380, Iceland (at the time ruled by Norway) joined the Kalmar Union joining Iceland under a single monarch with the three kingdoms of Denmark, Norway and Sweden. Both Iceland and Sweden were joined as one nation until the dissolution of the union in 1523. After the union, Iceland was ruled by Denmark until obtaining its independence (under a Danish constitutional monarchy) in 1918. On 27 July 1940, both Iceland and Sweden established diplomatic relations. In June 1944, Iceland became a republic and both nations opened embassies in each other's capitals, respectively. During World War II both nations remained officially neutral, however, Iceland was invaded by the allies and used as a base while Sweden unofficially assisted the allies.
Since the establishment of diplomatic relations between Iceland and Sweden, both countries have actively participated in the international arena to discuss issues affecting the Nordic nations such as climate change, Arctic policy and in mutual defense outside of NATO. Both countries have participated in foreign expeditions such as in Afghanistan with the International Security Assistance Force.
During the Icelandic financial crisis from 2008 to 2011, Sweden's National Bank issued 5 billion Swedish Krona (€520 million) to Iceland's Kaupthing Bank in order to pay "depositors and other creditors" affected by the financial crisis.

## Trade

Iceland, as a member of the European Free Trade Association has unrestricted access to the European Union market (which includes Sweden). In 2015, total trade between Iceland and the EU totaled €5.7 billion Euros.

## Resident diplomatic missions

* Iceland has an embassy in Stockholm.
* Sweden has an embassy in Reykjavík.
# Asiabarak, Siahkal

Aciabarak or Asiabarak (Persian: اسيابرك, also Romanized as Āsīābarak) is a village in Deylaman Rural District, Deylaman District, Siahkal County, Gilan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 31, in 10 families.
# Caffeine (data page)

This page provides supplementary chemical data on caffeine.
* view
* Except where noted otherwise, data relate to Standard temperature and pressure.
* Reliability of data general note.
# Robert Young (runner)

Robert Young is an English endurance runner, who was originally known for multiple high profile marathons and long distance runs. He later took part in a failed trans-United States attempt, in which he was found to have cheated.
Young grew up in Yorkshire, England. In interviews, he alleges he suffered abuse from his father, and that his attempts to cope with this gave him a resilient attitude. He went to an orphanage at the age of eight and then spent four years with foster parents.
In 2014, according to Young, on a 20p wager from his girlfriend, he ran two marathons around Richmond Park in 24 hours, though he had undergone no training for distance running. He went on to become a long-distance runner, while still working in a car parts store, and claims to have logged 370 marathons and ultras in a year, amounting to 11,000 miles, although there has been no verification of this claim.
Starting in May 2016 he attempted to break the record for the fastest run across the United States. Suspicions arose that he might be cheating, after a fan posted on 7 June that he went to run alongside Young, and could not find him. For five days later in June, a team of volunteers followed Young to observe his pursuit of the record, and noted that he was not performing at the level necessary to beat the record. The group disbanded, with one of its members saying, "I do not want to be a party to putting Robert Young in the hospital". Young abandoned the project on 20 June in Indianapolis, purportedly due to suffering a fractured toe and cellulitis.
Young's sponsor, Skins, commissioned two independent experts from the University of Colorado, Boulder and University of the Free State to track telemetry data and determine if cheating had taken place. The experts reported: "The evidence that we reviewed for this investigation indicates that Rob Young received unauthorized assistance in his attempt to run across the United States. We have identified no alternative plausible explanation for the data-of-record other than assistance, most likely in the form of riding in or on a vehicle for large parts of the attempt."
# Alexander Bessmertnykh (politician)

Alexander Alexandrovich Bessmertnykh (Russian: Алекса́ндр Алекса́ндрович Бессме́ртных; born 10 November 1933) is a Soviet diplomat who briefly served as foreign minister of the Soviet Union.

## Early life

Bessmertnykh was born in Biysk in 1933, first of four children. He lost his father when he was 10 years old.

## Career

Bessmertnykh joined the ministry of foreign affairs in 1957. From 1970 to 1983 he served as a consul at the Soviet embassy in the United States, and then headed the US department in the foreign ministry. In 1986, he was appointed deputy foreign minister and in 1988, he became first deputy foreign minister. From 1990 to 1991 he was ambassador to the United States.

### Soviet Foreign Minister

He briefly served as a Minister of Foreign Affairs of the USSR in 1991, replacing Eduard Shevardnadze, being approved by the Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union 15 January, 421 voted in favour, 3 against, and 10 abstained. During the August coup of 1991 he did not lend his support to the attempt at removing Gorbachev from power, but refused to condemn the plotters. For supporting the GKChP, the government of Valentin Pavlov was dismissed and, accordingly, Bessmertnykh lost the post of Minister.
# Cherna Niva

Cherna Niva (Bulgarian: Черна нива) is a village in Chernoochene Municipality, in Kardzhali Province, in southern-central Bulgaria. It is located 189.165 kilometres (117.542 mi) southeast of Sofia. It covers an area of 4.437 square kilometres and as of 2007 it had a population of 130 people.
# Franconian Heights Nature Park

The Franconian Heights Nature Park (German: Naturpark Frankenhöhe) is a nature park in Germany that covers an area of approximately 1,100 square kilometres. It is located northeast of the town of Rothenburg ob der Tauber in Bavaria and covers most of the hill ridge known as the Franconian Heights, as well as areas to the west and up to the Sulzach. The nature park is in one of the sunniest areas of southern Germany and offers a very varied landscape with mixed forests, rivers, vineyards and dry habitats.
# Andriivka, Beryslav Raion, Kherson Oblast

Andriivka (Ukrainian: Андріївка) is a village (selo) in Beryslav Raion, Kherson Oblast, southern Ukraine. It belongs to the Kalynivske settlement hromada, one of the hromadas of Ukraine.

## Administrative status

Until 18 July 2020, Andriivka belonged to Velyka Oleksandrivka Raion. The raion was abolished in July 2020 as part of the administrative reform of Ukraine, which reduced the number of raions of Kherson Oblast to five. The area of the Velyka Oleksandrivka Raion was merged into the Beryslav Raion.

## History

The village was founded in 1790. Andriivka was occupied by Russian forces during the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine. On 27 July 2022, the expulsion of Russian occupation forces was announced.
# Morgan D. Lane

Morgan D. Lane (c. 1844 – July 19, 1892) was a Chief Bugler in the Union Army and a Medal of Honor recipient for his role in the American Civil War.

## Medal of Honor citation

Rank and organization: Private, Signal Corps, U.S. Army. Place and date: Near Jetersville, Va., April 6, 1865. Entered service at: Allegany Mich. Birth: Monroe, N.Y. Date of issue: March 16, 1866.
Citation:
   Capture of flag of gunboat Nansemond.
# Marcelo Birmajer

Marcelo Birmajer (born November 29, 1966, in Buenos Aires) is an Argentine Jewish author. He is the grandson of Romanian, Polish, Lithuanian and Syrian immigrants. He is best known for writing the screenplay of the 2004 film El abrazo partido. Birmajer's work usually revolves around the Porteño neighbourhood of Once and its colorful inhabitants. Most stories feature Jewish characters, and he frequently uses for them the names Javier, or Mordejai/Mordechai (Hebrew: מרדכי) depending on the character's level of religious observance. He also addresses Jewish issues such as synagogue attendance, Bar Mitzvahs, and the ever present alternative to immigrate to Israel.
Other recurrent subjects are married life, especially in his series "Stories of married men" (Spanish: Historias de hombres casados), and the Argentine society and its crisis. Many of Birmajer's works have clear autobiographical lines, presenting a main character who is himself a writer. An important part of his bibliography, specially in his beginnings, is youth literature.
Birmajer is a frequent contributor to one or two newspapers throughout the Spanish-speaking world.
His brother, Rabbi Reuven Eduardo Birmajer, was assassinated by Palestinian terrorists in Jerusalem on 23 December 2015.

## Bibliography (Partial)

* Un crimen secundario.
* Derrotado por un muerto.
* El alma al diablo.
* Un veneno saludable.
* Historias de hombres casados.
* No tan distinto.
* Nuevas historias de hombres casados.
* Últimas historias de hombres casados.
* El Once, un recorrido personal.
* Tres mosqueteros.
* El Fuego más alto.
* Hechizos de Amor.
* El Abogado del Marciano
# Finnish Confederation of Professionals

The Finnish Confederation of Professionals (STTK) (Finnish: Toimihenkilökeskusjärjestö, Swedish: Tjänstemannacentralorganisationen) is a trade union confederation in Finland. It has a membership of 650,000 and represents salaried employees in Finland.

## History

The STTK was founded in 1946, to represent STTK's counterparts are the Central Organisation of Finnish Trade Unions (SAK) and the Confederation of Unions for Academic Professionals in Finland (AKAVA).
The STTK got its current form in 1993 when most of the unions affiliated with the bankrupt Confederation of Salaried Employees joined the original STTK, founded in 1946.

## Member unions
### Current

Affiliates in March 2020 were:
| Union | Abbreviation | Founded | Affiliated |
| Association of Finnish Construction Engineers and Architects | RIA | 1951 | |
| Business Administration Union | LTA | 1949 | 1994 |
| Federation of Public and Private Sector Employees | Jyty | 1918 | 1993 |
| Federation of Special Service and Clerical Employees | Erto | 1968 | 1993 |
| Finnish Association of Fire Fighters | SPAL | | |
| Finnish Engineers' Association | SKL | | |
| Finnish Ships' Officers' Union | SLPL | 1905 | 1972 |
| Finnish Union of Practical Nurses | SuPer | 1948 | 1993 |
| Professional Dairy Association | MVL | 1945 | 1972 |
| Trade Union Pro | Pro | 2011 | 2011 |
| Trade Union Unio | Unio | 2018 | 2018 |
| Union of Church Employees in Finland | | 1957 | |
| Union of Finnish Foresters | METO | 1977 | |
| Union of Health and Social Care Professionals | Tehy | 1982 | 1993 |
| Union of Insurance Employees | VvL | 1945 | 1993 |

### Former

* Association of Finnish Harbour Foremen
* Association of Foremen and Technical Functionaries
* Confederation of State Employees' Unions – Pardia
* Federation of Swedish Technicians in Finland
* Finnish Engineer Officers' Union
* Finnish Federation of Technicians in Special Branches SETELI
* Finnish Police Union
* Postal Officers' Union
* Union of Sales and Marketing Professionals
* Technical Functionaries of Communes
* Trade Union Direct
* Trade Union Nousu
* Union of Salaried Employees
# Rodel Richards

Rodel Kurai Richards (born 5 September 2000) is an English professional footballer who plays as a forward.

## Career

Richards started his career with Tottenham Hotspur before being released in the summer of 2021. The following year, he joined Bulgarian side Hebar but left the club without making an appearance. In October 2022, he joined Ukrainian side Vorskla Poltava on a three-year deal. On 19 October 2022, Richards made his professional debut in the Ukrainian Premier League as a late substitute in a 1–0 loss to Rukh Lviv.
# Asadabad-e Olya, Selseleh

Asadabad-e Olya (Persian: اسدآباد عليا, also Romanized as Asadābād-e ‘Olyā) is a village in Firuzabad Rural District, Firuzabad District, Selseleh County, Lorestan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 57, in 10 families.
# Western Gneiss Region

The Western Gneiss Region (Norwegian: Gneisregionen) is a large geological unit in Norway chiefly made of gneiss rock that formed through metamorphism during the Caledonian orogeny. It makes up a tectono-stratigraphic terrane of the Scandinavian Caledonides and is also part of the Baltic shield. The region extends across western Norway from Bergen to Trondheim as a Caledonian window, outliers of the Western Gneiss Region crop out as far north as the Lofoten archipelago. The rocks of the Western Gneiss Region are made up of variously deformed Precambrian basement, and cover rocks of autochthonous and para-autochthonous origin with evidence of medium to high grade metamorphism including ultra-high-pressure metamorphism.
Rocks of the Western Gneiss Region formed 1700 to 1600 million years ago in the Late Paleoproterozoic. What was to become the Western Gneiss Region was intruded by migmatites and granites during the Sveconorwegian orogeny.
# Brotherhood Cemetery

The Brotherhood Cemetery (Russian: Братское кладбище, Ukrainian: Братське кладовище) is an Imperial Russian military cemetery in Sevastopol. It was founded in 1854 as a temporary burial place for Russian soldiers and officers who were killed during the first siege of Sevastopol.
Three burial sites were created according to order of Admiral Vladimir Kornilov near the northern fort of Sevastopol. Ten the cemeteries were united because of severe casualties among the defenders of the besieged Russian city. It is estimated that 100,000 to 127,000 Russian military men were buried there.
The cemetery has 472 collective and 130 individual graves. The collective graves each contain 50–100 or more bodies of soldiers. The individual graves contain the bodies of officers.
Famous Russian military commanders buried there are:
* Eduard Ivanovich Totleben
* Stepan Khrulyov
* Mikhail Dmitrievich Gorchakov.
In 1870, in the upper part of the cemetery hill, a pyramidal Orthodox Saint Nicholas church was built. The inner part of the church is covered with plates containing the names of Russian officers killed during the siege. The outer walls of the church contain plates with the names of all regiments and military units who defended the city, with information about dates and casualties in each unit.
The cemetery hill was used as a command post by the 4th defence sector of the besieged Soviet troops during the second siege of Sevastopol (1941–1942). The cemetery was severely bombarded and then turned into a battleground between the Red Army and Nazi Germany troops. Saint Nicholas Church and the cemetery itself were partially destroyed.
After the fighting the cemetery was expanded with the graves of Soviet soldiers killed in Second World War actions and killed with the sinking of the Soviet battleship Novorossiysk in 1955.
# Northeim (Han) station

Northeim (Han) railway station (German: Bahnhof Northeim (Han)) is a railway hub in the town of Northeim, Germany. It is classed as category 3 station and has six platforms. In addition to 3 daily Intercity trains, regional railway trains stop at the station.

## History

Northeim was connected to the railway network on 31 July 1854 with the opening of the line from Alfeld to Göttingen (the old North-South Line). On 1 September 1871 the South Harz Railway to Herzberg (Harz) and Nordhausen was opened. With the opening of the Solling Railway to Ottbergen on 15 January 1878, Northeim became an important railway hub. From now on, the railway had a major impact on the development of the town.
Heavy air raids in February and April 1945 fully destroyed Northeim station and its representative station hall, which had been built in 1885. After the Second World War, work on rebuilding Northeim station began.
In the late 1960s the present station building was constructed; in 1993 a travel centre was built, that replaced the traditional ticket counters.
From 1988, trains of the first InterRegio line in the Deutsche Bahn stopped at the station. These services replaced the D-Zug expresses. In December 2002 the InterRegio trains were superseded by 2-hourly Intercity trains.
On 15 November 1992 at 1:30 am there was an accident in the immediate vicinity of Northeim station that resulted in 11 deaths and 51 injuries.
In 2014 the station was upgraded and modernised at a cost of €6.4 million. The western platforms, 1 to 3, have since had a height of 76 cm, the eastern ones, nos. 11 to 13, a height of 55 cm.
In 2016 the underpass on the western side of the station was lengthened.

## Connections
### Local services

Northeim lies on the line from Hanover to Frankfurt am Main and Hanover to Würzburg (the old North-South Line), on which Metronom Eisenbahngesellschaft trains have operated hourly since December 2005. In addition the South Harz Railway via Herzberg (Harz) to Nordhausen begins here, as does the Solling Railway to Ottbergen, on which trains run hourly or two-hourly.

### Long distance services

Since the timetable change of 2009/2010 in December 2009 the number of Intercity trains calling at Northeim were significantly reduced. The majority of IC services run instead on the Hanoverian Southern Railway on the Hanover–Wurzburg high-speed line. Three pairs of Intercity trains remain in the Leine valley and stop, as was normal until 2009, in Alfeld, Northeim and Kreiensen.
# Sarda pig

The Sarda or Suino Sardo (Sardinian: Porcu Sardu) is a breed of domestic pig from the Mediterranean island of Sardinia, Italy. It is raised mainly in the provinces of Ogliastra and Nuoro, but is also present in those of Medio Campidano and Sassari and in the Sarrabus-Gerrei sub-region. The Sarda breed was officially recognised by ministerial decree on 8 June 2006 and became the sixth autochthonous pig breed recognised by the Ministero delle Politiche Agricole Alimentari e Forestali, the Italian ministry of agriculture and forestry.

## History

The earliest detailed description of Sardinian pigs was written by Francesco Cetti in 1774, in his I quadrupedi di Sardegna:
   What is most striking on first seeing it is the magnificence of its tail: it is not twisted, as is usual, nor short and naked, but hangs thick and straight to below the knee, [and is] thickly covered with bristle; it looks like the tail of a horse. Equally thick bristle covers the whole body, but on the ridge of the spine, the bristles stand upright almost like a blade, as far as half-way along the back; above the loins there is another threatening tuft of them.
Both the description and the accompanying illustration are comparable to present-day Sarda pigs and to the modern breed standard.
Management of the Sarda pig is almost always completely open-range; the pigs are allowed to range freely in wooded mountain areas, often including public land, where they feed on acorns, chestnuts and roots. Additional feed is given only in the summer, when natural sources of food are scarce. Pigmen train the pigs to come at their call to the usual feeding-place; feed is often given directly on the ground, or at the side of the road.
The herdbook was established in 2006, and is kept by the Associazione Nazionale Allevatori Suini, the Italian national association of pig breeders. At the end of 2012 there were 575 pigs registered.
# Tebogo Masire

Tebogo Masire is the former deputy commander and former commander of the Botswana Defence Force (BDF). He assumed the post on November 1, 2006, succeeding Lt. Gen. Louis Matshwenyego Fisher.
Under his command, in March 2007, the BDF began recruiting females into military service, though Masire has emphasised that female recruits will not receive special treatment.
| Preceded byLouis Matshwenyego Fisher | Commander of the Botswana Defence Force November 1, 2006 – July 2012 | Succeeded byGaolathe Galebotswe |
# Jiu Zhang

Jiu Zhang (Chinese: 九章; pinyin: Jiu Zhang; English: Nine Pieces) is a collection of poems attributed to Qu Yuan and printed in the Chu Ci (楚辭 Songs of Chu, sometimes Songs of the South).

## Title translation

Jiu zhang is a transliteration of the title of this section of the Chu ci. Jiu means nine, as in the number. It is not entirely clear why this number was chosen to divide this work into sections, although performance purposes or imitation of prior Chu ci works are both likely factors. Zhang was commonly used in ancient Chinese to mean a section of a literary work, such as a paragraph of a prose piece or for a stanza of a song or poem. Jiu zhang may also be translated into English alternatively, such as Nine Declarations.

## The nine pieces

The nine poems of the Jiu Zhang form a diverse collection.

### Table of contents

The "Nine Pieces" consists of nine titles of poems:
| Standard order | English translation | Transcription (based on Pinyin) | Traditional Chinese | Simplified Chinese |
| 1 | Grieving I Make My Plaint | Xi Song | 惜誦 | 惜诵 |
| 2 | Crossing the River | She Jiang | 涉江 | 涉江 |
| 3 | A Lament for Ying | Ai Ying | 哀郢 | 哀郢 |
| 4 | The Outpouring of Sad Thoughts | Chou Si | 抽思 | 抽思 |
| 5 | Embracing Sand | Huai Sha | 懷沙 | 怀沙 |
| 6 | Thinking of a Fair One | Si Meiren | 思美人 | 思美人 |
| 7 | Alas for the Days Gone By | Xi Wangri | 昔往日 | 昔往日 |
| 8 | In Praise of the Orange-Tree | Ju Song | 橘頌 | 橘颂 |
| 9 | Grieving at the Eddying Wind | Bei Hui Feng | 悲回風 | 悲回风 |
Note that poem numbers 1, 6, 7, and 9 actually lack titles in the original text; rather, they are named for the sake of convenience after the first few words with which these poems begin. English titles based on David Hawkes' translations.