OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Vøringfossen

Vøringsfossen (English: Vøring Falls) is the 83rd highest waterfall in Norway on the basis of total fall. It lies at the top of the Måbødalen valley in the municipality of Eidfjord, in Vestland county. It is located near Norwegian National Road 7, which connects Oslo with Bergen. It has a total drop of 182 metres (597 ft), and a major drop of 163 metres (535 ft). It is perhaps the most famous in the country and a major tourist attraction on the way down from Hardangervidda to Hardangerfjord.
There are several warning signs in regard to the dangers of falling to one's death. Other measures for preventing deaths were planned for implementation in the spring of 2015, and a stairway bridge opened in 2020.

## Name

The name Vøringsfossen (Old Norse: Vyrðingr) is derived from the verb vyrða (English: esteem, revere). The last element fossen, the definite form of foss (waterfall), is a later addition.

## History

The waterfall was hardly known by anyone other than locals until 1821. In that year professor Christopher Hansteen, who was on his way to the Hardangervidda plateau to make astronomical observations, estimated the height of the waterfall to be about 280 metres (920 ft) by throwing stones down from the edge and measuring the time they took to fall with his pocket watch. In 1893 it was measured with a string, and the real height was revealed to be 163 metres (535 ft).
In 1880 Ola Garen decided to build a hotel at top of the waterfall. The only way up there was a path with 1,500 stairs up Måbøbjerget together with a bridle path that had been built in 1872 to carry English tourists to the waterfall. In 1891 a new road with tunnels was built along Eidfjordvandet, and in the same year the Fossli Hotel was finished, designed in Art Nouveau style by architect Frederik Konow Lund. All materials for the construction had to be carried on horseback from Eidfjord up to the top of the hill. Around the year 1900 large cruise ships began to visit Eidfjord, and from there passengers were transported by horse and wagon up the valley.
The composer Edvard Grieg had a log cabin nearby and was a frequent visitor to the falls.

## Hydroelectric

The Bjoreio, the small river that flows into Vøringsfossen has a hydroelectric dam in the Sysendalen valley above the falls. The water volume in the river is regulated in connection with power development, but there are requirements for minimum water flow of 12 m$^3$/s (420 cu ft/s) above its natural rate in the summer, not enough to benefit the tourist trade.

## Pedestrian bridge

A pedestrian bridge has been placed across the ravine in sections by helicopter. One side is sixteen metres higher than the other, and its length is 47 metres. The design is by Carl-Viggo Holmebakk. An article in Dagsavisen described it as a bridge reminiscent of "a collapsed scaffold for construction, across" the ravine.
# Michael Harris (squash player)

Michael Harris (born 24 July 1989 in Exeter) is an English professional squash player. As of February 2018, he was ranked number 190 in the world.
# Beysky District

Beysky District (Russian: Бе́йский райо́н; Khakas: Пии аймағы, Pii aymağı) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the eight in the Republic of Khakassia, Russia. It is located in the east of the republic. The area of the district is 4,536 square kilometers (1,751 sq mi). Its administrative center is the rural locality (a selo) of Beya. Population: 19,305 (2010 Census); 21,100 (2002 Census); 21,418 (1989 Soviet census). The population of Beya accounts for 27.2% of the district's total population. Beysky district is 18,71% Khakass (2010)
# The Mayor

The Mayor can refer to:
* Fred Hoiberg, a basketball player and coach nicknamed "The Mayor"
* The Mayor (1997 film), an Italian film
* The Mayor (2017 film), a South Korean film
* The Mayor (The PowerPuff Girls), a character in the animated television series
* The Mayor (TV series), an American television sitcom
* The Mayors, a 2004 Nigerian drama film written, produced and directed by Dickson Iroegbu
* "The Mayor", a song by Hieroglyphics from the 2013 album The Kitchen
# Roman Catholic Diocese of Isiro–Niangara

The Roman Catholic Diocese of Isiro–Niangara (Latin: Isiren(sis) – Niangaraën(sis)) is a diocese located in the cities of Isiro–Niangara in the ecclesiastical province of Kisangani in the Democratic Republic of the Congo.

## History

* 18 December 1911: Established as Apostolic Prefecture of Eastern Uélé from the Apostolic Prefecture of Uélé
* 6 May 1924: Promoted as Apostolic Vicariate of Eastern Uélé
* 14 December 1926: Renamed as Apostolic Vicariate of Niangara
* 10 November 1959: Promoted as Diocese of Niangara
* 23 March 1970: Renamed as Diocese of Isiro – Niangara

## Bishops
### Ordinaries, in reverse chronological order

* Bishops of Isiro–Niangara (Latin Rite), below
** Bishop Julien Andavo Mbia (1 February 2003 - 16 July 2024)
** Bishop Charles Kambale Mbogha, A.A. (6 December 1995 – 13 March 2001), appointed Archbishop of Bukavu
** Bishop Emile Aiti Waro Leru’a (25 September 1989 – 24 March 1994)
** Bishop Ambroise Uma Arakayo Amabe (19 February 1976 – 1 April 1989)
** Bishop François Oddo de Wilde, O.P. (23 March 1970 – 19 February 1976); see below
* Bishop of Niangara (Latin Rite), below
** Bishop François Oddo de Wilde, O.P. (10 November 1959 – 23 March 1970); see above & below
* Vicars Apostolic of Niangara (Roman rite), below
** Bishop François Oddo de Wilde, O.P. (11 March 1948 – 10 November 1959); see above
** Bishop Robert Costanzo Lagae, O.P. (18 December 1924 – February 1948)
* Prefects Apostolic of Eastern Uélé (Latin Rite), below
** Fr. Emilio Rolin, O.P. (1922 – 1924)
** Fr. Reginaldo van Schoote, O.P. (16 January 1912 – 28 April 1922)

### Coadjutor bishop

* Ambroise Uma Arakayo Amabe (1972-1976)

### Another priest of this diocese who became bishop

* Dieudonné Madrapile Tanzi, appointed Bishop of Isangi in 2016
# Bérengère Dubrulle

Bérengère Dubrulle (born 1965) is a French astrophysicist whose research involves the study of turbulence and vortices in fluid dynamics and magnetohydrodynamics, and their application in modeling planet formation and climate change. She is a director of research for the French National Centre for Scientific Research, and the director of the École de physique des Houches.

## Education and career

Dubrulle was born in 1965 in Dieppe, on the north coast of France. She was a student at the École normale supérieure de jeunes filles from 1985 to 1989, earning a master's degree in quantum mechanics in 1987 through Pierre and Marie Curie University and defending a Ph.D. in astrophysics in 1990 through Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier University under the direction of Jean-Paul Zahn [fr]. She completed a habilitation in physics in 1996, through Paris Diderot University.
Meanwhile, she became a scientist (chargée de recherche) in the French National Centre for Scientific Research (CNRS) in 1991, was promoted to director of research in 2000, and was named as director of research, exceptional class, in 2021. She is affiliated with the Sphynx laboratory (Systèmes Physiques Hors-équilibres hYdrodynamiques éNergie et compleXité, out-of-equilibrium Systems and Physics - HYdrodynamics - eNergy and compleXity) at CEA Paris-Saclay. Since 2020, she has also been director of the École de physique des Houches.

## Recognition

Dubrulle was the 2008 recipient of the Madame Victor Noury Prize [fr] of the French Academy of Sciences, and was named female scientist of the year as a recipient of the 2022 Irène Joliot-Curie Prize. She received the CNRS Bronze Medal in 1993, and the CNRS Silver Medal in 2017.
The European Geosciences Union gave Dubrulle the 2021 Lewis Fry Richardson Medal "for outstanding contributions to the field of geophysical and astrophysical turbulence, and for a unique approach to the study of experimental turbulent flows using statistical mechanics". She was named a Fellow of the American Physical Society (APS) in 2023, after a nomination from the APS Division of Fluid Dynamics, "for seminal contributions to the theory of fully developed turbulence and astro- and geophysical fluid dynamics in general, and in particular, for illuminating intermittency and the role of multiple states in turbulent flows".
# Mattias Lindgren

Mattias Lindgren (born 30 March 1972) is a Swedish rower. He competed in the men's double sculls event at the 1992 Summer Olympics.
# Lausen railway station

Lausen railway station (German: Bahnhof Lausen) is a railway station in the municipality of Lausen, in the Swiss canton of Basel-Landschaft. It is an intermediate stop on the standard gauge Hauenstein line of Swiss Federal Railways.

## Services

As of the December 2020 timetable change, the following services stop at Lausen:
* Basel trinational S-Bahn S3: half-hourly service between Laufen and Olten, with every other train continuing from Laufen to Porrentruy.
# Gareth Owen (pianist)

Gareth Owen is a British classical pianist. He was the head of piano at Eton College and is a professor of piano at several other musical institutions in England.

## Education and career

Born in Dyffryn Ardudwy in North Wales, Owen studied at Chetham's School of Music with Polish musician Alicja Fiderkiewicz, and at the Guildhall School of Music and Drama with concert pianist Joan Havill. At the Guildhall School, Owen won the Leszeck Dessnet Chopin Prize for his outstanding performance, and the Premier Prix at his graduation in 2000. He later attended the Verbier Academy in Switzerland.
Owen has performed both as a chamber musician and soloist, most notably at London's Wigmore Hall and the Mozart Hall in Zaragoza. He has since taken up several senior professorships at schools in England, including at Eton College, where he heads the piano department, and also at Charterhouse School in Godalming, St John's School in Leatherhead, and the Guildhall School of Music and Drama in London.
# Uchastok

An uchastok (Russian: yча́сток) or police prefecture (полицейский участок) was a territorial-administrative unit of the Russian Empire and early Russian SFSR. Throughout most of modern Russian history, uchastoks, which numbered 2,523 throughout the empire by 1914, were a third-level administrative division, below okrugs, uezd and otdels (counties). In a literal sense, uchastok approximately corresponds to the English term plot, however, in practical usage it corresponded to a municipal district.

## History

In 1708, an administrative reform carried out by Tsar Peter the Great divided Russia into guberniyas (provinces) with subordinate uezds, whereas oblasts (regions) consisted of okrugs (counties), or otdels (Cossack counties), however, the counties of all were usually divided into either uchastoks or volosts, with the exception of the uezds of the Black Sea Governorate which did not have any sub-counties.
By the Soviet administrative reform of 1923–1929, most of the uchastoks were transformed into raions (districts), which corresponded in a similar land size, however, were subordinate directly to its Soviet republic rather than to any larger province or county.

## Administration

Police prefectures were headed by a local police chief and had communes (сельское общество) consisting of a number of villages subordinate to it. A mahal (магал) is a similar sub-county which was less-commonly used but still equivalent to an uchastok, however, a stanitsa—which was common in otdels—was always subordinate to an uchastok.
The equivalent of an uchastok in the Dagestan Oblast was a nai-bate, which was ruled by a naib or local leader, who was a military deputy appointed by higher authorities (analogous to a pristav, or military commandant).
# Alas Building

The Alas Building (Spanish: Edificio Alas) is a Rationalist residential and office building in the San Nicolás section of Buenos Aires, Argentina. It is 141 metres (463 ft) high with 41 floors. Alas was the tallest building in Buenos Aires between 1955 and 1995, when it was surpassed by the Le Parc tower. It has long been part of the skyline of Buenos Aires. As of 2009, it was the 20th tallest building in Argentina.
The building was commissioned in 1950 by President Juan Perón for the Association of Unionized Latin American Workers (ATLAS, S.A.). He ordered that plans include an underground bunker for use in case of war or a coup d'état. Perón, however, did not seek refuge there during the 16 June 1955 bombing of Plaza de Mayo by the Argentine Navy. The building was transferred to the Argentine Air Force after the 1955 coup and renamed ALAS ("wings") and the bunker was later converted into Argentine Public Television studios. These were relocated to Figueroa Alcorta Avenue in 1978. Two underground floors are occupied by parking spaces, a gym, the boiler room, bike racks and other amenities.
# Centro Cultural Metropolitano

Centro Cultural Metropolitano (English: Metropolitan Cultural Center) is a cultural institution based in Quito, Ecuador. It was established in 1997 in a building which dates to 1622.
This building belongs to the colonial epoch, but its facade was rebuilt in the 20th century. The First Central University was in this building. It also was a jail where Spanish authorities executed insurgents during the Ecuadorian War of Independence.
# Temptation (1959 film)

Temptation (French: L'Île du bout du monde, also known as Temptation Island) is a 1959 French drama film co-written and directed by Edmond T. Gréville.

## Plot

Three young women and a man find themselves isolated on a desert island after a shipwreck.

## Cast

* Rossana Podestà as Caterina
* Dawn Addams as Victoria
* Magali Noël as Jane
* Christian Marquand as Patrick
# Rafael Bertrand

Rafael Bertrand (20 August 1917 – 5 October 1983) was a Cuban film actor who worked for many years in the Mexican film industry. He played a Mexican version of the gentleman thief A. J. Raffles in the 1958 film Raffles. He was married to the actress Dalia Íñiguez.

## Filmography

| Year | Title | Role | Notes |
| 1945 | Sed de Amor | | |
| 1953 | Mission to the North of Seoul | Clark Brown | |
| 1954 | The Viscount of Monte Cristo | Polito | |
| 1955 | Yo no creo en los hombres | Arturo Ibáñez | |
| 1956 | Corazón salvaje | Juan del Diablo | |
| 1956 | Pensión de artistas | Rafael | |
| 1957 | Tropicana | | |
| 1958 | Mi desconocida esposa | Guillermo / Ricardo Aliaga | |
| 1958 | Raffles | Alejandro Robles / Humberto / Pablo | |
| 1958 | Los hijos del divorcio | Rogelio Morales | |
| 1959 | La edad de la tentación | Joaquín Menocal | |
| 1959 | Misterios de ultratumba | Dr. Mazali | |
| 1959 | 800 leguas por el Amazonas (La jangada) | Torres | |
| 1959 | Siempre estaré contigo | | |
| 1960 | His First Love | | |
| 1960 | Puños de Roca | Puños de Roca | |
| 1961 | Vacaciones en Acapulco | Mario Martínez | |
| 1961 | El Hombre de la ametralladora | Estebán Martín Álvarez (El ingeniero) | |
| 1961 | Cuando regrese mamá | Arturo | |
| 1961 | Mañana serán hombres | Enrique Puertocarrero | |
| 1962 | Dinamita Kid | Tony Zarda | |
| 1962 | Sangre en el ring | Tony Zarda | |
| 1963 | Aventuras de las hermanas X | Don Armando | |
| 1964 | Las dos galleras | | |
| 1964 | Las hijas del Zorro | Zorro | |
| 1964 | Juicio contra un ángel | | |
| 1964 | Frente al destino | | |
| 1964 | Las invencibles | Zorro | |
| 1966 | The Professionals | Fierro | |
| 1971 | Isle of the Snake People | Capt. Pierre Labesch | |
| 1971 | El Hacedor de Miedo | Roberto | (final film role) |
# Soltanabad-e Darreh Viran

Soltanabad-e Darreh Viran (Persian: سلطان آباد دره ويران, also Romanized as Solţānābād-e Darreh Vīrān) is a village in Seylatan Rural District, in the Central District of Bijar County, Kurdistan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 122, in 32 families. The village is populated by Azerbaijanis.
# Reckless Youth (1931 film)

Reckless Youth (German: Leichtsinnige Jugend) is a 1931 German film directed by Leo Mittler and starring Camilla Horn, Walter Rilla and Alfred Gerasch. It was made by Paramount Pictures at the Joinville Studios in Paris as a remake of the company's American film Manslaughter.

## Cast

* Camilla Horn as Lydia Thorne
* Walter Rilla as Dan O'Bannon, Prosecutor
* Alfred Gerasch as Dr. Albee, Lawyer
* Grit Haid as Ellinor
* Hertha von Hagen as Miß Bennett
* Marguerite Roma as Bessie
* Harald Smith
* Jaro Fürth as Pierce
* Elisabeth Bechtel as 1. Aufseherin
* Vera Baranovskaya as
* Eugen Jensen as Morson
* Josef Bunzl as Peters
* Maroth Marothy as Forster
* Emil Ritter as Kommissar
# Sandnes Church (Rogaland)

Sandnes Church (Norwegian: Sandnes kirke) is a parish church of the Church of Norway in the large Sandnes municipality in Rogaland county, Norway. It is located in the borough of Trones og Sentrum in the centre of the city of Sandnes in the far western part of the municipality. It is the church for the Sandnes parish and it is the seat of the Sandnes prosti (deanery) in the Diocese of Stavanger. The red, brick church was built in a long church design in 1882 using plans drawn up by the architect Hartvig Sverdrup Eckhoff. The neo-gothic church seats about 420 people.

## History

The city of Sandnes was established as a ladested in 1860 and at the same time it was separated from the large municipality of Høyland. The city was without a church of its own for its first 22 years in existence. During that time, residents of Sandnes municipality (and parish) had to go to the nearby Høyland Church, located in outside of the city (and in a different parish). It wasn't until 1880 when the parish began to raise funds and construct the new church. The new church was completed in 1882. When the church was renovated in 1962–1963, the nave and choir were extended in order to enlarge the church.
# Instituto San Sebastián Yumbel

The Instituto San Sebastián de Yumbel (ISS), initially known as Seminario de San Sebastián de Yumbel, is a private Catholic pre-school, primary, and secondary school located in Yumbel, Bío Bío Province, Chile.
The school offers education at the Pre-school (Educación Parvularia), Primary (Educación Básica) and Secondary (Enseñanza Media) levels. It is one of the oldest institutions in the Bio Bio Region, playing an important philanthropic role in the Yumbel commune.

## History

The institute was founded by Archbishop José Hipólito Salas, with the personal approval of Pope Pius IX. It was initially known as Seminario de San Sebastián de Yumbel (English: Seminary of St. Sebastian of Yumbel) which appeared in public records until 1905.
The school was founded upon Catholic-based prayer and theological discussion, which remain important to school practices and ceremonies.
The school underwent a large-scale renovation in late 2007, including a new pavilion, classrooms, restrooms, showers and a computer lab. The renovations, managed by the Educational Foundation Cristo Rey, were a major success.

## Institutional anthem

| Spanish | Literal English translation |
| Nuestro canto es un eco de victoria ¡cantemos con ardor! los siglos han forjado nuestra historia y es Chile nuestro honor. Compartamos con todos la alegría que da nuestro Patrono Sebastián mañana serviremos noche y día si hoy queremos estudiar. Nuestra patria hoy de los niños reclama le brindemos honor de amistad se encienda en todos la llama salva al mundo el amor. Hollando el bajo suelo sigamos peregrinos de la vida a todos muestra el Instituto al Cielo y a ser hermanos de todos convida. | Our song is an echo of victory Let us sing with fire! The centuries have forged our history And Chile is our honor. Share with everyone the joy That gives our Patron Sebastián Tomorrow we will serve night and day If today we want to study Our homeland today of children complains We honor you Of friendship turn on In all the flame Save the world love. Hiding the low ground Follow pilgrims of life Everyone shows the Institute to Heaven And to be brothers of all invites. |
# Diario Oficial (Uruguay)

The Diario Oficial is the official gazette of the Government of Uruguay that contains the laws, decrees, acts, and most pertinent documents and public notices of the President, Parliament, and government agencies of Uruguay.
First published in 1905, the Diario Oficial is printed by the National Printing Office (Spanish: Impresiones y Publicaciones Oficiales, IMPO).
# Bulzi

Bulzi (Sardinian: Bultzi) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Sassari in the Italian region Sardinia, located about 180 kilometres (110 mi) north of Cagliari and about 25 kilometres (16 mi) northeast of Sassari.
Bulzi borders the following municipalities: Laerru, Perfugas, Santa Maria Coghinas, Sedini.
Sights include the 12th century church of San Pietro del Crocifisso, or San Pietro delle Immagini, an example of Sardinian Romanesque style.
# Kymmenegård County

Kymmenegård County (Swedish: Kymmenegårds län, Finnish: Kymenkartanon lääni) was a county of Sweden 1775-1809 and province of Grand Duchy of Finland 1809-1831.
The county was created in 1775 by dividing the Savolax and Kymmenegård County (Swedish: Savolax och Kymmenegårds län, Finnish: Savonlinnan ja Kymenkartanon lääni) into two parts: Savolax and Karelia County and Kymmenegård County. Residence city was Heinola.
By the Treaty of Fredrikshamn in 1809 Sweden ceded all its territories in Finland, east of the Torne River, to Russia. Kymmenegård Province was succeeded in 1831 by the Mikkeli Province in the autonomic Grand Duchy of Finland. Minor parts of province were merged to Uusimaa Province.

## Maps

| Provinces of Finland 1747: 1: Turku and Pori, 14: Nyland and Tavastehus, 17: Savolax and Kymmenegård, 18: Ostrobothnia | Provinces of Finland 1776: 1: Turku and Pori, 4: Vaasa, 10: Oulu, 14: Nyland and Tavastehus, 15: Kymmenegård, 16: Savolax and Karelia | Provinces of Finland 1812: 1: Turku and Pori, 4: Vaasa, 10: Oulu, 13: Viipuri, 14: Nyland and Tavastehus, 15: Kymmenegård, 16: Savolax and Karelia | Provinces of Finland 1831: 1: Turku and Pori, 2: Uusimaa, 3: Häme, 4: Vaasa, 6: Mikkeli, 8: Kuopio, 10: Oulu, 13: Viipuri |

## Governors

* Gustaf Riddercreutz 1774–1783
* Robert Wilhelm de Geer af Tervik 1783–1789
* Otto Wilhelm Ramsay 1789–1792
* Herman af Låstbom 1793
* Otto Wilhelm Ramsay 1793
* Johan Herman Lode 1793–1810
* Fredrik Adolf Jägerhorn af Spurila 1810–1812
* Anders Gustaf Langenskiöld 1812–1827
* Adolf Broberg 1827–1828
* Erik Wallenius 1828
* Abraham Joakim Molander 1828–1831
# Norwegian Union of Forestry and Land Workers

The Norwegian Union of Forestry and Land Workers (Norwegian: Norsk Skog- og Landarbeiderforbund, NSLF) was a trade union in Norway, organized under the national Norwegian Confederation of Trade Unions.
It was founded in 1927 after the Julussa Conflict, and experienced the Randsfjord Conflict from 1930 to 1935. In addition to forestry and farm workers, it organized timber rafters, market gardeners and other rural workers. By 1963, the union had 20,369 members.
In 1988, the union merged with the Garment Workers' Union, the Norwegian Union of Iron and Metalworkers, the Norwegian Union of Building Industry Workers and the Norwegian Union of Paper Industry Workers, to form the United Federation of Trade Unions. It had about 7,200 members before the merger.

## Presidents

    1927: Johan Ødegård
    1931: Peder H. Vestad
    1933: Martin Liengen
    1937: Alfred Ljøner
    1956: Klaus Kjelsrud
    1973: Knut Nakken
    1981: Svein Morgenlien
    1987: Torstein Lund