OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Somsak Thepsuthin

Somsak Thepsuthin (Thai: สมศักดิ์ เทพสุทิน; born 13 January 1955) is a Thai politician and Minister of Public Health under Srettha Thavisin's cabinet. He served as Minister of Justice in the second cabinet of Prime Minister Prayut Chan-o-cha.

## Life and education

Somsak was born and raised in Sukhothai Province and later attended Amnuay Silpa School in Bangkok. He completed a Bachelor of Engineering from King Mongkut's Institute of Technology Ladkrabang and a master's degree in political science (public administration) from Thammasat University. He was elected Member of Parliament representing Sukhothai Province's first constituency for the first time in 1983. A member of the Social Action Party, he was confirmed in every election until 2001.

## Political Career

He served as deputy minister of public health in Suchinda Kraprayoon's cabinet from April to May 1992 (during Black May). From September 1992 to September 1993 he served as deputy minister of transport and communication under Chuan Leekpai and again from September 1996 to October 1997 under Chavalit Yongchaiyudh. Subsequently, he was shortly Minister of Public Health under the same prime minister until the government's resignation in the following month. In the second government of Chuan Leekpai, Somsak was the Minister of Industry from November 1997 to October 1998.
Having switched to Thaksin Shinawatra's Thai Rak Thai Party (TRT), Somsak was elected to the House of Representatives on the TRT party-list in the 2001 general election, while his wife Anongwan Thepsuthin succeeded him as MP for the first constituency of Sukhothai Province. In Thaksin's government that came into office in September 2001, Somsak first served as Minister to the Office of the Prime Minister, before switching to the Ministry of Industry in October 2002 and the Ministry of Agriculture in November 2003. In Thaksin's second government, Somsak held the office of Minister of Tourism and Sports from March to August 2005 and subsequently Minister of Labour until the 19 September 2006 coup d'état.
Being a member of the TRT party's executive committee, Somsak was barred from holding political office for five years upon the dissolution of the party by the Constitutional Court. Nevertheless, he founded the Matchima ("neutral") group, that first merged into Sanoh Thienthong Pracharaj Party before separating and becoming the Neutral Democratic Party (NDP) in October 2007. As Somsak was officially barred, his wife Anongwan became the party's secretary-general. The party won seven constituency seats in the December 2007 general election and joined the government coalition led by People's Power Party (PPP) and Samak Sundaravej. In Samak's government and that of his successor Somchai Wongsawat, Anongwan Thepsuthin served as Minister of Natural Resources and Environment from February to December 2008. The Constitutional Court dissolved the Neutral Democratic Party together with its coalition partners PPP and Thai Nation Party for election fraud on 2 December 2008.
# Norwegian continental shelf

The Norwegian continental shelf (Norwegian: Den norske kontinentalsokkelen) (abbreviated as NCS) is the continental shelf over which Norway exercises sovereign rights as defined by the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea.
The area of the shelf is four times the area of Norway mainland and constitutes about one-third of the Europe continental shelf. It is rich in petroleum and gas and it is the base of the petroleum economy of Norway.
# Düsseldorf-Bilk station

Düsseldorf-Bilk station is a through station in the district of Bilk in the city of Düsseldorf in the German state of North Rhine-Westphalia. It has two platforms and it is classified by Deutsche Bahn as a category 4 station.

## History

The station is on the new line opened by the Prussian state railways on 1 October 1891 between the Hamm Railway Bridge and Gerresheim as part of the construction of Düsseldorf Hauptbahnhof. The station building built in 1891 was demolished in 1986, as part of the rebuilding of the line for the establishment of Rhine-Ruhr S-Bahn lines S 8. On 18 March 2022, a new second platform for regional train services opened.

## Services

The station is served by three S-Bahn lines:
* S 8 between Mönchengladbach and Wuppertal-Oberbarmen or Hagen, every 20 minutes
* S 11 between Bergisch Gladbach and Düsseldorf Airport, every 20 minutes
* S 28 between Mettmann Stadtwald or Wuppertal and Kaarster See, every 20 minutes
Since March 2022, the following five regional train services also serve the station:
* RE 4 between Aachen and Dortmund, every 60 minutes
* RE 6 between Cologne/Bonn Airport and Minden (Westf), every 60 minutes
* RE 10 between Kleve and Düsseldorf, every 30 minutes
* RE 13 between Venlo and Hamm (Westf), every 60 minutes
* RB 39 between Bedburg (Erft) and Düsseldorf, every 60 minutes on weekdays
It is served by two bus routes operated by Rheinbahn at 20-minute intervals: 835 and 836.

## Stadtbahn

The Düsseldorf Stadtbahn has a tunnel from Düsseldorf-Bilk station to Düsseldorf-Wehrhahn station, known as the Wehrhahn line (German: Wehrhahn-Linie). This 3.5 km tunnel was completed in 2016. Just as every other underground line opened previously in Düsseldorf, the Wehrhahn line is a replacement for current surface tram lines. The trams on this line are entering the new tunnel over a ramp at Bilk station and run from there underneath the city centre towards the north-east, where they are emerging shortly before Wehrhahn railway station. Five new underground stations and the station Heinrich-Heine-Allee are part of the line, which serve an estimated daily passenger volume of approximately 53,000. These new stations are Pempelforter Straße, Schadowstraße, the existing station Heinrich-Heine-Allee, Benrather Straße, Graf-Adolf-Platz and Kirchplatz (Düsseldorf) in the direction from Wehrhahn station to Bilk station. The new lines are the U71, U72, U73 and U83.
# Ley General de Derechos Lingüísticos de los Pueblos Indígenas

Ley General de Derechos Lingüísticos de los Pueblos Indígenas (English: General Law of Indigenous Peoples' Linguistic Rights) was published in the Mexican Official Journal of the Federation on 13 March 2003 during the term of Mexican President Vicente Fox Quesada. It gave rise to the creation of the National Institute of Indigenous Languages.
This law is a juridical element that specifies the recognition of the individual and collective rights of the persons and peoples who own and practice some of the 68 indigenous languages of Mexico. In addition, it specifies nations as to be understood by indigenous languages and national languages, the conditions of application of the decree, and the attributes, purposes and functions of the National Institute of Indigenous Languages. The law also considers indigenous languages an integral part of the national cultural and linguistic heritage of Mexico.
The LGDLPI, in its Article 4, recognizes indigenous languages as national languages with the same validity as Spanish:
   The indigenous languages that are recognized in the terms of this Law and Spanish are national languages due to their historical origin and will have the same validity, guaranteeing at all times the human rights to non-discrimination and access to justice in accordance with the Political Constitution of the United Mexican States and the international treaties in the matter to which the Mexican State is a party.
# Sofya Kondakova

Sofya Kondakova (Russian: Софья Кондакова; born 1922. – 24 September 2012) was a Soviet female speed skater. She won a gold medal at the World Allround Speed Skating Championships for Women in 1956, and bronze medals in 1954 and 1955.
# Turgut Özakman

Turgut Özakman (1 September 1930 – 28 September 2013) was a Turkish lawyer, a civil servant, a dramaturge and a writer.

## Life

He was born in Ankara in 1930. In 1952 he graduated from the law school of Ankara University and served as a lawyer. After studying drama in the University of Cologne, he was appointed as a dramaturge in state theatre of Ankara (Turkish: Ankara Devlet Tiyatrosu). Later he also served in the Turkish Radio and Television Corporation (TRT) as a manager. Between 1983 and 1987 he was the general director in State Theatres. Between 1984 and 1994 he was the vice chairman of Radio and Television Supreme Council (RTÜK).

## Works

As a writer he produced many plays, novels, scenarios and drama researches. But his most notable works are three novels which are collectively known as Türkiye Üçlemesi ("Turkey Triplet")
* Şu Çılgın Türkler (These Crazy Turks) about Turkish War of Independence (published in 2005)
* Diriliş Çanakkale 1915 (Resuscitation, Çanakkale 1915) about the Gallipoli Campaign (published in 2008)
* Cumhuriyet Türk Mucizesi (Republic, a Turkish Miracle) about the foundation of Republican Turkey (published in 2009)
These novels (all more than 600 pages) are semi documentaries with sources, maps and archive photos. But, to ease the reading, a story of romance has been added to convert them to novels. Among them Şu Çılgın Türkler broke the sales records in Turkey in 2005. Up to 2013 there have been 311 impressions.

## Death

He died on 28 September 2013 in Ankara He was buried in Karşıyaka Cemetery in Ankara. He was survived by three children.

## Legacy

In 1999 he was awarded by the Presidency. In 2002 Eskişehir municipality named one of the public theaters in Eskişehir "Turgut Özakman stage". After 2006, Middle East Technical University, Süleyman Demirel University and Marmara University awarded Özakman.
# Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Gagnoa

The Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Gagnoa (Latin: Gagnoaën(sis)) is the Metropolitan See for the ecclesiastical province of Gagnoa in Côte d'Ivoire.

## History

* 1956.06.25: Established as Diocese of Gagnoa from the Diocese of Daloa
* 1994.12.19: Promoted as Metropolitan Archdiocese of Gagnoa

## Special churches

The seat of the archbishop is Cathédrale Sainte-Anne in Gagnoa.

## Bishops
### Ordinaries, in reverse chronological order

* Metropolitan Archbishops of Gagnoa (Roman rite), below
** Archbishop Joseph Yapo Aké (since 2008.11.22)
** Archbishop Barthélémy Djabla (2006.07.21 - 2008.09.15)
** Archbishop Jean-Pierre Kutwa (2001.05.15 – 2006.05.02) appointed Archbishop of Abidjan (Cardinal in 2014)
** Archbishop Noël Kokora-Tekry (1994.12.19 – 2001.05.15); see below
* Bishops of Gagnoa (Roman rite), below
** Bishop Noël Kokora-Tekry (1971.03.11 – 1994.12.19); see above
** Bishop Jean Marie Etrillard, S.M.A. (1956.07.04 – 1971.03.11)

### Other priests of this diocese who became bishops

* Alexis Touably Youlo (priest here, 1987–1992), appointed Bishop of Agboville in 2006
* Gaspard Béby Gnéba, appointed Bishop of Man in 2007

## Suffragan Dioceses

* Daloa
* Man
* San Pedro-en-Côte d'Ivoire
# Top Gear Australia series 4

The fourth series of the television series Top Gear Australia aired in Australia from 30 August 2011 until 28 April 2012, consisting of six episodes. The presenting line-up featured Steve Pizzati, Shane Jacobson, Ewen Page and The Stig.
This would be the last series of Top Gear as it was cancelled in 2012, due to declining ratings of the last two series.
A two-disc DVD set, titled Top Gear Australia: The Second Series on Nine was released in March 2012. It contained all three episodes of the fourth season, along with four unaired episodes from the third and fourth seasons. The unaired episodes from the fourth season were broadcast on GO! in April 2012.

## Episodes

| Total | No. | Title | Reviews | Challenge | Guest | Original airdate |
| 22 | 1 | Series 4, Episode 1 | Volvo S60 T6 • Toyota FJ Cruiser | Blind rallying | Andy Lee | 30 August 2011 (2011-08-30) |
| 23 | 2 | Series 4, Episode 2 | Redback Spider | Audi R8 V10 Spyder vs. VW Amarok mountain race • Jet powered Daihatsu | Hamish Blake • Andy Lee | 6 September 2011 (2011-09-06) |
| 24 | 3 | Series 4, Episode 3 | Chery J1 | Drag racing • Modified Suzuki Mighty Boy | Shane Crawford • Wendell Sailor | 13 September 2011 (2011-09-13) |
| 25 | 4 | Series 4, Episode 4 | Jaguar XJ • HSV Grange | Movie stunts | Glen Boss • Damien Oliver | 7 April 2012 (2012-04-07) |
| 26 | 5 | Series 4, Episode 5 | Ford Performance Vehicles GT • Renault Clio RS | Attempting a new Peel P50 world speed record • V8 Sedan (FPV GT) vs Hot Hatch (Clio RS) | Natalie Gruzlewski | 14 April 2012 (2012-04-14) |
| 27 | 6 | Series 4, Episode 6 | Holden Efijy • Mitsubishi MiEV • Toyota Prius • Holden Commodore • Ford ECOnetic | Beach buggy battle • Alternate fuel cars | Jamie Durie | 28 April 2012 (2012-04-28) |
# Hammad Siddiqui

Hammad Siddiqui (Urdu: حماد صدیقی) is a Pakistani politician who served as the in-charge of Karachi Tanzeemi Committee (KTC) of Muttahida Qaumi Movement. The party, which consider herself a secular political party in Pakistan, had its power centered in the largest city and ex-capital Karachi where it has won large number of national, provincial and local body seats till 2013 Elections through intimidation, confiscating NIC & ballot book stamping. Siddiqui is accused of burning an entire factory with 250+ people inside the factory. Who is considered as the mastermind of this incident. It's said that Hammad Siddiqui and MQM Leader Saeed Bharam had ordered the arson attack in Tahir Plaza .

## Career

Siddiqui is a central leader of the party's student body All Pakistan Muttahidda Students Organization. He became the head of the Karachi Tanzeemi Committee, a very important and influential body of MQM, in 2009, and kept the position for over four years. His role was said to be instrumental in expanding MQM's influence in Karachi. According to Azfar-ul-Ashfaque of Dawn, as "the longest-serving head of the KTC", he "expanded the committee’s role from a mere post office to an all-powerful body that had a say even in the nomination of party candidates for election to the provincial and national assemblies".
Siddiqui was sacked on 21 May 2013 when Altaf Hussain decided to dissolve KTC for violating party discipline. He shortly left for Dubai and, according to media reports, his sudden departure made the airport agencies "panicking". Political commentator Dr. Shahid Masood argues that Siddiqui's sacking "had sectarian touch to it".

## Baldia incident

On 19 December 2016 Rehman Bhola appeared before the anti-terrorism court. He confessed that Hammad Siddiqui allegedly sought extortion and shares in the Baldia Factory, and upon refusal, he decided to punish them. Bhola allegedly claimed that Siddiqui ordered him to set the factory on fire. It was reported that the politician tried to extort Rs 200 million of bhatta or protection money. After the hearing, the ATC also issued red warrants for Siddiqui. The authority is seeking Interpol to arrest Hammad Siddiqui and bring him in the country for further investigation. On 27 October 2017 it has been reported that he was arrested by Interpol in Dubai and Pakistani consulate in Dubai directed to make arrangement to shift him to Pakistan.
# Pervomayevka

Pervomayevka (Russian: Первомаевка) is a rural locality (a selo) in Zaigrayevsky District, Republic of Buryatia, Russia. The population was 807 as of 2010. There are 6 streets.

## Geography

Pervomayevka is located 30 km north of Zaigrayevo (the district's administrative centre) by road. Khara-Shibir is the nearest rural locality.
# Democratic and Republican Alliance

The Democratic and Republican Alliance (French: Alliance démocratique et républicaine, ADERE) is a political party in Gabon.

## History

The party won a single seat in the 1996 parliamentary elections. It gained two more seats in the 2001 elections and retained all three seats in the 2006 elections, in which it was part of the bloc led by the ruling Gabonese Democratic Party.
At a plenary session on 15 January 2010, ADERE decided to rejoin the Presidential Majority, which it had left in mid-2009, while expressing support for the reforms instituted by President Ali Bongo since taking office. The party lost all three seats in the 2011 elections.
ADERE President Dieudonné Pambou died on 24 January 2014.
# Syurbayevo

Syurbayevo (Russian: Сюрбаево; Bashkir: Сирбай, Sirbay) is a rural locality (a village) in Arslanovsky Selsoviet, Kiginsky District, Bashkortostan, Russia. The population was 217 as of 2010. There are 4 streets.

## Geography

Syurbayevo is located 47 km east of Verkhniye Kigi (the district's administrative centre) by road. Abdrezyakovo is the nearest rural locality.
# Scotus Academy

55°56′38″N 3°15′54″W﻿ / ﻿55.944°N 3.265°W﻿ / 55.944; -3.265
Scotus Academy was a Catholic all-boys day school on Corstorphine Road in Edinburgh, Scotland. It was founded in 1953 by the Congregation of Christian Brothers and closed in 1978. The building now forms part of Murrayfield Hospital.

## Rectors

* Br. J. Solano Russell, CFC (1953 – February 1959)
* Br. Patrick Kostka Ennis, CFC (April 1959 – 1962)
* Br. Ignatius Baylor, CFC (1962 – February 1966)
* Br. J. C. Ambrose, CFC (April 1966 – 1971)
* Br. T. Livingstone, CFC (1971 – 1978)

## Notable faculty

Arthur Oldham, an English composer, was amongst its faculty.
# Gabbasov

Gabbasov is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Engels Gabbasov (1937–2014), Kazakh politician and writer
* Ruslan Gabbasov (born 1979), Russian activist
* Yerkin Gabbasov (born 1983), Kazakh paralympic sport shooter
# Talmei Elazar

Talmei Elazar (Hebrew: תַּלְמֵי אֶלְעָזָר, lit. 'Elazar Furrows' or 'Elazar Ridge') is a moshav in northern Israel. Located in the eastern Sharon plain to the north-east of Hadera, it falls under the jurisdiction of Menashe Regional Council. In 2022 it had a population of 931.

## History

The village was established in 1952 by residents of Zikhron Ya'akov and Jewish immigrants from Eastern Europe and Iran on land to the east of the depopulated Palestinian village of Khirbat al-Sarkas, and was named after Elazar Warmassar, one of the heads of the PJCA.
One of the residents runs a health and beauty span that offers snake massages. She uses California and Florida king snakes, corn snakes and milk snakes, claiming that contact with these reptiles is stress-relieving.
Located on the outskirts of the moshav is a carnivorous plant nursery where various species of plants are grown, among them the Nepenthes, which can capture frogs and birds.
# Sammy Smooha

Sammy Smooha (Hebrew: סמי סמוחה; born 1941) is a Professor of Sociology at the University of Haifa.

## Biography

He is recipient of the Israel Prize. He specializes in comparative ethnic relations, and has researched the internal divisions in Israeli society, and the society of Israel in comparative perspective.
Smooha introduced the concept of ethnic democracy, in a book published in 1989. Smooha contends that Israel is a model or archetypical ethnic democracy.

## Books

* Index of Arab-Jewish Relations in Israel 2004. Haifa: The Jewish-Arab Center, University of Haifa; Jerusalem: The Citizens' Accord Forum between Jews and Arabs in Israel; Tel Aviv: Friedrich Ebert Stiftung. 2005.
* Autonomy for Arabs in Israel. Beit Berl: The Institute for Israeli Arab Studies, 1999, 143 pages. (Hebrew).
* Arabs and Jews in Israel. Vol. 2: Change and Continuity in Mutual Intolerance. Boulder and London: Westview Press, 1992.
* Arabs and Jews in Israel. Vol. 1: Conflicting and Shared Attitudes in a Divided Society. Boulder and London: Westview Press, 1989.
* The Orientation and Politicization of the Arab Minority in Israel. Haifa: The Jewish-Arab Center, University of Haifa, 1984.
* Israel: Pluralism and Conflict. London: Routledge and Kegan Paul; Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press, 1978.
# Kfar Daniel

Kfar Daniel (Hebrew: כְּפַר דָּנִיֵּאל, lit. 'Daniel Village') is a moshav shitufi in central Israel. Located around four kilometres south-east of Lod and covering 2,900 dunams, it falls under the jurisdiction of Hevel Modi'in Regional Council. In 2022 it had a population of 678.

## History

During the Ottoman period, the area belonged to the Nahiyeh (sub-district) of Lod that encompassed the area of the present-day city of Modi'in-Maccabim-Re'ut in the south to the present-day city of El'ad in the north, and from the foothills in the east, through the Lod Valley to the outskirts of Jaffa in the west. This area was home to thousands of inhabitants in about 20 villages, who had at their disposal tens of thousands of hectares of prime agricultural land.
The village was established on 9 October 1949 by Mahalniks (overseas volunteers in the War of Independence) from English-speaking countries on the lands of the depopulated Palestinian village of Daniyal. It was initially called Irgun Beit Hever after the organisation which the founders were members of, but was later renamed in honour of Daniel Frish, a president of the Zionist Organization of America who died in the year the village was established, with the new name resembling that of the former Arab village.
During a Houthi missile attack on 15 September 2024 amid the Israel-Hamas War, missile fragments fell into an open area located in the village.

## Transportation

There is a highway interchange connecting Highway 1 and Highway 6, called the Daniel Interchange, which is named after the village.
# First Architect to the King

Under the Ancien Régime, the First Architect to the King (French:Premier Architecte du Roi, .mw-parser-output .IPA-label-small{font-size:85%}.mw-parser-output .references .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .infobox .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .navbox .IPA-label-small{font-size:100%}pronounced) was the direct assistant to the general director of the building industries, arts and manufactures of France and, consequently, number 2 of the Bâtiments du Roi, forming part of the Secretary of State of the Maison du Roi.

## Responsibilities

The Premier Architecte du Roi was, in theory, in charge of the works of maîtrise d'œuvre on behalf of the building industries of King. Hence, Ange-Jacques Gabriel was in charge of the design of the Place de la Concorde chosen from the best ideas submitted to the contest by the participants.
But this position entailed especially important administrative responsibilities, in this capacity of master builder of the projects ordered by the Bâtiments du Roi: it had the responsibilities of arranging the construction contracts for the contractors and the craftsmen, of supervising the management of supply stores (marbles, leads, etc.), of inspecting the building sites, of proceeding the reception of the works, etc.

## Organization

The Premier architecte du Roi was assisted by general intendants and controllers, draughtsmen, a general inspector – all selected among the most distinguished architects, generally members of the Académie royale d'architecture. Il was disposed also of accounting officers and clerks. It had the supervision of the stewardship of Water and Fontaines, charged since the 17th century by the family of Francine.

## Chronological list of Premiers Architectes du Roi

* ? -1615: Louis Métezeau
* 1639–1653: Jacques Lemercier
* 1653–1670: Louis Le Vau
* 1681–1708: Jules Hardouin-Mansart
* 1708–1734: Robert de Cotte
* 1734–1742: Jacques V Gabriel
* 1742–1775: Ange-Jacques Gabriel
* 1775–1777: Richard Mique
# Sutrio

Sutrio (Friulian: Sudri) is a comune (municipality) in the Regional decentralization entity of Udine in the Italian region of Friuli-Venezia Giulia, located about 120 kilometres (75 mi) northwest of Trieste and about 60 kilometres (37 mi) northwest of Udine. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 1,392 and an area of 21.1 square kilometres (8.1 sq mi).
The municipality of Sutrio contains the frazioni (boroughs) of Nojaris and Priola.
Sutrio borders the following municipalities: Arta Terme, Cercivento, Lauco, Ovaro, Paluzza, Ravascletto, Zuglio.