OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Dmitry Grigorovich (engineer)

Dmitry Pavlovich Grigorovich (Ukrainian: Дмитро Павлович Григорович, Russian: Дмитрий Павлович Григорович) (born in Kiev, Russian Empire, now Ukraine, 25 January (6 February) 1883, died 26 July 1938 in Moscow) was a Ukrainian, Russian, and Soviet aircraft designer of a number of planes under the Grigorovich name. He died in 1938 from cancer.

## Aircraft

* Grigorovich M-5
* Grigorovič M-9
* Grigorovich M-15
* Grigorovich M-15
* Grigorovich DG-52-1
* 1974 CPA 4425
# Mykola Szczerbak

Mykola Mykolaiovych Szczerbak (also Nikolai Nikolayevich, also Shcherbak; Ukrainian: Микола Миколайович Щербак; 31 October 1927 – 27 January 1998) was a Ukrainian zoologist and ecologist, a prolific herpetologist, a full professor, and a Corresponding Member of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine.

## Described species of reptiles

* Darevskia lindholmi (Szczerbak, 1962)
* Eremias kopetdaghica Szczerbak, 1972
* Eremias andersoni Darevsky & Szczerbak, 1978
* Tenuidactylus turcmenicus (Szczerbak, 1978)
* Teratoscincus rustamowi (Szczerbak, 1979)
* Altiphylax levitoni (Golubev & Szczerbak, 1979)
* Altiphylax mintoni (Golubev & Szczerbak, 1981)
* Altiphylax tokobajevi (Eremchenko & Szczerbak, 1984)
* Eremias afghanistanica W. Böhme & Szczerbak, 1991
* Gekko badenii Szczerbak & Nekrasova, 1994
* Cyrtodactylus paradoxus (Darevsky & Szczerbak, 1997)

## Species of reptiles named in honor of Prof. Szczerbak

* Darevskia szczerbaki (Lukina, 1963)
* Alsophylax szczerbaki Golubev & Sattarov, 1979
* Eremias szczerbaki Jeremčenko, Panfilov & Zarinenko, 1992
* Emydocephalus szczerbaki Dotsenko, 2011
# Buochs Airport

The Buochs Airport (IATA code BXO) (ICAO code LSZC Mil: LSMU) is a regional airport in the town of Buochs in the Canton of Nidwalden in Switzerland. It has a concrete runway with a length of 2000 meters and a width of 40 meters, several taxiways and hangars.

## Operation

The airfield is formally the responsibility of the Swiss Air Force, but is operated by the Civil Airport Buochs AG. Since 1 January 2004, the military airfield Buochs is a "sleeping base" of the Air Force. In case of an extraordinary situation the entire military infrastructure of the airfield can be made operational again. However, there are considerations that the military withdraws completely from the airfield.

## Use

Next to the aircraft cavern near the airport is the factory premises of the Pilatus Aircraft who use the airfield including for test flights.

## History

In Buochs especially the aircraft Dassault Mirage III S, Mirage IIIRS, MirageIIIBS, IIIDS Mirage and F-5E were used. Pilatus use this airfield for all test- and delivery flights for the products manufactured by Pilatus aircraft such as the Pilatus P-3, Pilatus PC-7, Pilatus PC-8D Twin Porter, Pilatus PC-9, Pilatus PC-12 and Pilatus PC-21 Buochs is equipped with an Aircraft cavern (underground hangar), also was A2 motorway built so that MirageIIIS using JATO booster rockets could take off from this highway. But this opportunity was never used . The air base is, at both end of the runway, equipped with retractable Arresting gear devices (used by the F/A-18 and in case of a problem by the F-5).
The airfield was active until 2003; used for fighter jets of the Swiss Air Force. It was the home of militia Squadron 8 with F-5E, along with the reconnaissance squadron 10 with Mirage IIIRS. With the end of Buochs as active military airfield and the MirageIIIRS pass out of service, 2 MirageIIIRS received about a special painting in black and white. The in the 1999 decommissioning Mirage IIIS were turned to a hardstand at Buochs Airport for several years until their scrapping. Also often Pilatus PC-6, PC-7, Alouette III, Super Puma, Mirage IIIDS were used from Buochs, rarely was its use as alternate airport for F/A-18 . With the exercise "REVITA" in spring 2014 Buochs was activated by the Air Command Meiringen for 4 days and there were missions with F-5E and F/A-18 flown from Buochs.
The airfield is also used for different occasions, the trade show "Iheimisch» Nidwaldner the trader was held there in May 2012 and in September of the same year, the 4th Air Show Swiss Aero Expo In July 2010, the 35th World Championship of the Army paratroopers took place in the square, parallel to this, a big concert with Bonnie Tyler was held. On 1 August 2014, the Airshow PC-7 Team has for the first time officially, the show flown with smoke generators on the airfield Buochs. The reason for this event was the Swiss National Day, the 25th anniversary of the PC-7 Team and the roll-out of the Pilatus PC-24. The Modellfluggruppe Nidwalden (MGN) uses the airfield.
# Gav Shir

Gav Shir (Persian: گاوشير, also Romanized as Gāv Shīr) is a village in Doab Rural District, Bazoft District, Kuhrang County, Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 45, in 7 families. The village is populated by Lurs.
# Nizhny Novgorod Hydroelectric Station

56°39′01″N 43°25′44″E﻿ / ﻿56.650187°N 43.428955°E﻿ / 56.650187; 43.428955
The Nizhny Novgorod Hydroelectric Station or Nizhny Novgorod GES (Russian: Нижегоро́дская ГЭС) is a hydroelectric station on the Volga river. Located near Zavolzhye, Nizhny Novgorod Oblast, it belongs to the Volga-Kama Cascade of dams.

## Technical data

Construction started in 1948 and was completed in 1959. Complex consists of concrete spillway dam, 7 earth-fill dams and 3 dikes total 18.6 km long and up to 40 m high, power plant house, and two single-chamber two-lane locks with an intermediate pond. Installed power is 530.5 MW, average annual production is 1510 GWh. The power house has 8 generator units with Kaplan turbines at 17 m head. 6 units of 65 MW, one of 68 MW and one of 72.5 MW. The dam with total waterfront length of 13 km forms Gorky Reservoir.

## History

Construction began in 1948. Although it was a medium-size project, e.g. compared to Volga Hydroelectric Station, it was often called an 'innovation testing range'. It also was the USSR's longest dam.
More than 15,000 people came to the construction site. Construction site's infrastructure has been built along with construction of the station. Many industries of Zavolzhye and Gorodets owe their existence to the station's construction. Zavolzhye town was built from scratch. 8,500 houses and 700 state-owned and public buildings were moved to Zavolzhye and Gorodets from villages that were to be flooded.
The first concrete pouring for the dam took place in April 1951. The river current was stopped on August 24, 1955. November 2, 1955, when the first turbine was put under load, is the station's official launch date. The last of the eight turbines was run in December 1956. In 1959, the generators' cooling system improvement and reinforcement of turbines were implemented, increasing installed power by 120 MW, to 520 MW.
# Hryhoriy Pedchenko

Hryhoriy Mykhailovych Pedchenko (Ukrainian: Григорій Михайлович Педченко; born 3 January 1955) is a Ukrainian military officer who served as the Chief of General Staff and the Chief Commander of the Armed Forces of Ukraine.
# Al-Mufaddal ibn Abi al-Fada'il

Al-Mufaddal ibn Abi al-Fada'il (Arabic: المفضل بن ابي الفضائل) was a 14th-century Egyptian historian. He was a Coptic Christian.
Al-Mufaddal wrote a book about the history of the Bahriyya Mamluks, entitled al-Nahdj al-sadîd wa-l-durr al-farîd fimâ ba'd Ta'rîkh Ibn al'Amîd, covering the period from 1260 to 1340. He finished his work in 1358. Al-Muffaddal gives precise descriptions of the history of Egypt and Syria, especially the Mongol occupation of Syria. He noted down the Damascus declaration made by the Mongols, as well as the content of the letters exchanged between Ghazan and al-Nâsir. He also wrote extensively about the Horn of Africa.

## Works

* Moufazzal ibn Abi l-Fazil, Histoire des sultans mamlouks, edited and translated by Blochet.
# HMS Porgey (1807)

HMS Porgey was a Royal Navy Ballahoo-class schooners. The prime contractor for the vessel was Goodrich & Co., in Bermuda, and she was launched in 1807. Like many of her class and the related Cuckoo-class schooners, she succumbed to the perils of the sea relatively early in her career.

## Service

She was commissioned in 1807 under Lieutenant Elmes Steele. In June of that year she was in the Bay of Fundy. While there she pursued smugglers and impressed sailors in Passamaquoddy Bay on the border between the United States and the British province of New Brunswick in what is now Canada. Porgey's commander, (acting) Lieutenant James (or John) Flintoph, seems to have landed himself in considerable legal trouble as a result and soon after left the service. In June at Passamaquoddy, Maine, he fired on the town (endangering children playing on the green), searched shipping in the harbour, impressed some sailors, and shot away the rigging of a schooner at anchor.
In 1809 Porgey was in the North Sea and came under the command of Lieutenant Hugh Gould. Porgey and her sister schooners Cuckoo and Pilchard were at the unsuccessful Walcheren Expedition, which took place between 30 July and 9 August 1809. Between December 1809 and March 1810 she was in Sheerness undergoing repairs.

## Fate

On 4 June 1810 Porgey grounded under enemy fire in the Scheldt estuary while going to the assistance of the hired armed cutter Idas. Lieutenant Gould had Porgey's crew take to her boats and then set fire to her before he left.
# Nesli

Francesco Tarducci better known as Nesly Rice or Nesli, is an Italian singer and music producer for Teste Mobili Records. He is the younger brother of Italian rapper Fabri Fibra.
Nesli released his first demo, Fitte Da Latte, in 1999 with the help of his brother Fabri Fibra.
Tiziano Ferro sang a rendition of "La fine", a song from Nesli's 2009 album Fragile - Nesliving Vol.2, on his 2011 studio album L'amore è una cosa semplice. In 2021, during the third evening of the 71st edition of the Sanremo Music Festival, Fasma sang "La fine" in duet with Nesli. Two years later, during the fourth evening of the 73rd edition of the Sanremo Festival , Lazza sang his own version of the song in duet with Emma Marrone and with the accompaniment of the violinist Laura Marzadori [it].

## Discography
### Demo

* Fitte Da Latte (1999)

### Solo albums

* Ego (2003)
* Home (2004)
* Le verità nascoste (2007)
* Nesliving Vol.1 (2009)
* Fragile - Nesliving Vol.2 (2009)
* L'amore è qui (2010)
* Nesliving Vol.3 - Voglio (2012)
* Andrà tutto bene (2015)
* Kill Karma (2016)
* Vengo in pace (2019)

### With Piante Grasse

* Cactus (2001)
# Cher-Ae Heights Indian Community of the Trinidad Rancheria

The Cher-Ae Heights Indian Community of the Trinidad Rancheria is a federally recognized tribe with members who are descendants of Chetco, Hupa, Karuk, Tolowa, Wiyot, and Yurok people in Humboldt County, California. As of the 2010 Census the population was 132.

## Government

The Cher-Ae Heights Indian Community is headquartered in Trinidad, California. In 1961, the tribe organized under the Articles of Association. In June 2008, a new Constitution was ratified, replaced the Articles of Association. The tribe is governed by a democratically elected five-person community council. The current tribal administration is as follows.
* Chairman: Garth Sundberg
* Vice Chairman: Zack Brown
* Secretary / Treasurer: Trina Mathewson
* Council Member Seat #1: James Brown Jr.
* Council Member Seat #2: Robert Hemsted

## Reservation

The Trinidad Rancheria (41°03′15″N 124°07′49″W﻿ / ﻿41.05417°N 124.13028°W﻿ / 41.05417; -124.13028) is a federally recognized ranchería occupying three parcels of land with a total area of over 80 acres (32 ha). in Humboldt County. It was established in 1906 to house homeless local California Indians. An additional 60 acres (24 ha) of land was purchased for the rancheria in 1908. The Rancheria's lands are within Yurok ancestral territory.

## Economic development

The Cher-Ae Heights Indian Community owns and operates the Cher-Ae Heights Casino, Sunrise Deli, Seascape Restaurant, Trinidad pier, Sunset Restaurant, Firewater Lounge, and all are located in Trinidad.

## Culture

The Cher-Ae Heights Indian Community of the Trinidad Rancheria is a Federally Recognized Indian Tribe. They are a tribe of historic Yurok Origin and have tribal member families who are direct lineal descendants of Yurok villages. They continue to practice their culture and preserve their language, and are actively involved in traditional ceremonies.

## Education

The Rancheria is served by the Trinidad Union Elementary School District and Northern Humboldt Union High School District.
# Killywool

Killywool (possibly from Irish Coille-ghuail, meaning 'wood of the charcoal') is a townland in County Londonderry, Northern Ireland. In the 2021 Census Killywool and the surrounding area had a population of 640 people. It is situated within Causeway Coast and Glens district.

## History

The earliest recorded reference to Killywool dates back to the 12th century, during the Norman conquest of Ireland. While the rest of the Ireland fell victim to the incursion, Killywool proudly declared itself champion of Ireland due to its strategic position, a major contributing factor in the Killywudlian victory during the Battle of Coolagh Road.
It is widely accepted that Killywool because of its close proximity to Lough Foyle and the Atlantic Ocean became an important trading hub in the late 1500's. Emperor Wanli of the Ming Dynasty on hearing of the many riches to be had in Killywool sent merchants to the north of Ireland and the Killywool-Ming trade treaty was signed in 1588. Many merchants settled in the area and the local Killywudlian dialect to this day contains many Mandarin references.

## Environment

Because of Killywool's unique location and many bio diverse habitats, a new province wide centre for environmental protection is based in the townland.
The Northern Ireland Pollution Protection Liability Enterprise was founded to encourage better management and education within the agricultural industry which makes up a significant part of the Northern Ireland economy. Established in 2023, the Enterprise's core ethos is the management and protection of endangered habitats and species across the province.

## Mythology

Legend has it that St. Patrick drove all the snakes out of Ireland but local mythology suggests that a small population remained in what has now become known as Serpent Valley, just off Lime Road. Every year on St Patrick's Day (17 March) locals gather in the valley armed with musical instruments to try and charm the remaining snakes out from their lair and rid the island of the heinous reptiles once and for all.
# Icakuriren

Icakuriren (Swedish: The ICA Courier) is a weekly family magazine based in Solna, Stockholm, Sweden. It is one of the most read weeklies in the country.

## History and profile

Icakuriren was started in 1942 by ICA private retail company as an alternative family magazine. During the initial phase it was distributed free of charge in the ICA shops. Marta Arnesen was one of the early editors of Icakuriren.
The magazine was owned by the Forma Publishing Group, a subsidiary of ICA Gruppen, until October 2014 when the company was acquired by the Egmont Group. Icakuriren is published on a weekly basis. It is mostly read by women. Common topics covered include food, travel guides, and buying advice. The magazine has its headquarters in Solna.

## Circulation

In the 1950s the circulation of Icakuriren was 700,000 copies. The magazine had a circulation of 184,900 copies in 2007. Next year the circulation dropped to 170,200. The magazine had a circulation of 98,000 copies in 2014 and 92,800 copies in 2015.
# Shahid Chomani

Shahid Chomani (Persian: شهيدچمني, also Romanized as Shahīd Chomanī) is a village in Karasf Rural District, in the Central District of Khodabandeh County, Zanjan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 444, in 92 families.
# Zeina Khodr

Zeina Khodr (Arabic: زينة خضر) is a Lebanese broadcast journalist for the Al Jazeera English channel.

## Career

Khodr has been a news correspondent, in national and international news, for over 15 years. She has worked for several news organizations, including: Al Jazeera's online, Arabic-language and English services, Munhwa Broadcasting Corporation (MBC), Emirates Dubai Television, the BBC World Service, and CNN.
Khodr has worked for Al Jazeera English since it launched, in 2006. After reporting from Pakistan and Afghanistan, she came to international prominence as one of the first correspondents to enter Tripoli in 2011.
Now a senior correspondent for the Near East, Khodr reports from the Lebanon, Syria and Turkey. Though not styled a war correspondent, her permanent presence on the ground, in a region of continual unrest, ensures a regular place on the front-line of conflict; her reports are frequently made in protective flak jacket and combat helmet, and often to a background of gunfire.

## Awards

* 2011: Sky Women in Film and TV Awards (WFTV UK): 'the ITV Achievement of the Year Award', for her coverage of the Fall of Tripoli.
* 2013: Monte-Carlo Television Festival: a nominee for the prestigious [Jury] News award.

## Personal

Khodr was educated at the American Community School (ACS), in Beirut, and at the American University of Beirut, where she earned her BA in political science in 1994.
# Daimler-Benz DB 604

The Daimler-Benz DB 604 was an experimental German 24-cylinder aircraft engine, which did not progress beyond the initial engine testing phase and was ultimately abandoned in 1942.

## Design and development

The DB 604 was unique among the DB 600 series of aircraft engines for having its 24 cylinders arranged in an X, with four inline rows of six cylinders. The DB 604 was also unique amongst the X-24 engines, in that it was not conceived as a further development of existing Daimler-Benz aircraft engines such as the DB 601, DB 603 or DB 605, which themselves had been twinned up as two separate powerplants sharing a new common gear reduction case at their front ends, into the 1.5-tonne dry weight DB 601-based "coupled" DB 606 in February 1937, the same-weight figured DB 605-based DB 610 by June 1940, and just slightly earlier, in March 1940, the 1.8 tonne approximate weight replacement for the DB 606 and 610, the DB 603-based DB 613 "power system" of nearly 3,500 PS output. For example, the Rolls-Royce Vulture was basically two Rolls-Royce Peregrine engines joined at the crankcase, thus producing the X-configuration of the cylinders.
The DB 604 was a completely new Daimler-Benz engine design featuring a perfectly square stroke ratio of 135 mm x 135 mm. The short stroke ratio enabled the relatively high engine speed of 3,200 rpm. The first engine tested in 1939 on the engine test stand achieved a power output of 1,725 kW (2,350 hp).
Further development of the first test engines led to the DB 604A/B. The only difference between the DB 604A and the DB 604B - as with the similarly suffixed A and B versions of the DB 606 and 610 "coupled" power system engines - was the direction in which the DB 604's crankshaft turned. The DB 604A/B was equipped with a two-speed supercharger, achieving 1,835 kW (2,500 hp) whilst testing.
Development of the DB 604 was canceled by the Reich Air Ministry (RLM - German: Reichsluftfahrtministerium) in September 1942.

## Engines on display

A preserved Daimler-Benz DB 604 is on public display at the Flugausstellung L.+ P. Junior museum, Hermeskeil, Germany.

## Specifications (DB 604A/B)
### General characteristics

* Type: Water-cooled 24-cylinder X (4 rows of 6-cylinders) piston engine
* Bore: 135 mm
* Stroke: 135 mm
* Displacement: 46.38 L (2,830 cu in)
* Dry weight: 1,080 kg (2,379 lb)

### Performance

* Power output: 1,835 kW (2,500 hp) at 3,200 rpm at 5,100 m (16,732 ft)
* Specific power: 39.6 kW/L (.9 hp/cu in)
* Compression ratio: 7.0:1
* Power-to-weight ratio: 1.71 kW/kg (1.05 hp/lb)
# List of province nicknames in the Philippines

This partial list of province nicknames in the Philippines compiles the aliases, sobriquets and slogans that provinces in the Philippines are known by (or have been known by historically), officially and unofficially, to municipal governments, local people, outsiders or their tourism boards or chambers of commerce.
Current official nicknames are highlighted in bold.

## List

| Province | Region | Nickname(s) | Notes |
| Benguet | Cordillera Administrative Region | Salad Bowl of the Philippines | After the province vegetable cultivation industry. Nickname also applies to the town of La Trinidad. |
| Camiguin | Northern Mindanao | Island Born of Fire | Due to the island province's volcanic origin. |
| Cebu | Central Visayas | The Gateway to a Thousand Journeys | Due to its wonderful history dating back to the pre-colonial era. Notable ones is the Battle of Mactan. |
| Davao del Norte | Davao Region | Banana Capital of the Philippines | After the province's banana industry, accounting for a third of the Philippines' total banana production as of 2018. |
| Masbate | Bicol Region | Cattle Country of the Philippines | Due to the cattle-raising being a major part of the province's industry. |
| Masbate | Bicol Region | Rodeo Capital of the Philippines | Nickname officially given through Executive Order No. 120 issued by President Gloria Macapagal Arroyo in 2002. After the province's rodeo tradition which is an offshoot of the province's cattle-raising practice. |
| Negros Occidental | Negros Island Region | Sugar Bowl of the Philippines | After the province's sugarcane industry. The province accounts about 60 percent of the Philippines' sugar output as of 2020. |
# Katchikkaaran

Katchikkaaran (English: Party Worker) is a 2022 Indian Tamil-language action film directed by P. Iyyappan and starring Vijith Saravanan, Swetha Dorathy and Appukutty in the lead roles. It was released on 16 December 2022.

## Cast

* Vijith Saravanan
* Swetha Dorathy as Anjali
* Appukutty
* Sivasenathipathi
* A. R. Thenali
* Marudhu Pandian
* Jawahar
* Vijay Gautham
* C. N. Prabhakaran
* Vincent Rai

## Production

The film marked the second directorial venture of Iyappan after Dhoni Kabadi Kuzhu (2018). The film's producer Vijith Saravanan also appeared in the leading role.
Prior to the launch of the film, the team held an event to mark the release of the film's soundtrack in December 2022. During the event, veteran film producer K. Rajan and actor-journalist Bayilwan Ranganathan had a public fallout.

## Reception

The film was released on 16 December 2022 across Tamil Nadu. A critic from Maalai Malar gave the film 2.25 out of 5 stars, and labelled the film as "unimpressive". Reviewers from Dina Thanthi and Dina Malar also gave the film an unfavourable review. Film critic Malini Mannath wrote "Katchikkaran delivers much more than what one would have expected from a small budgeted film, which has no big names to boast of either in its cast or technical crew".
# Sivan, West Azerbaijan

Sivan (Persian: سيوان, also Romanized as Sīvān) is a village in Rahal Rural District, in the Central District of Khoy County, West Azerbaijan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 214, in 48 families.
# Varmanlu

Varmanlu (Persian: ورمانلو, also Romanized as Varmānlū) is a village in Qeshlaqat-e Afshar Rural District, Afshar District, Khodabandeh County, Zanjan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 21, in 6 families.