OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Quaid Ahmed

Quaid Ahmed (Urdu: قائد احمد), also spelled Qua-id Ahmed is a Pakistani singer-songwriter from Karachi. He sings in various genres including Sufi rock.

## Early life

Ahmed started out on Pakistani television before becoming a fulltime musician.

## Career

After releasing Elhaam and Sunlo' albums, Ahmed released Nirali, his third overall and second solo album with an EDM artist/producer Zaphixx 2022. Quaid worked in collaboration with artists from several countries. He toured the US and Europe in 2017, 2018 and 2019.
He was associated with the Pakistani band Sounds Of Kolachi as a founder and lead vocalist (2013-2021).
He sang and recorded “The Official National Anthem” of Pakistan with 140 voices, produced by Rohail Hyatt and Arshad Mehmud.
Sounds Of Kolachi's debut album was Elhaam."SOK" was a commercial success.
He works with Geo TV, singing and writing satirical music pieces for the show Hasna Mana Hai with Tabish Hashmi, as a producer, composer, writer and curator. He worked with Atif Aslam, Fawad Khan, EP, Zulfi, Meesha Shafi, Natasha Baig, Zeb Bangash, Sounds Of Kolachi, and Mekaal Hasan.

## Discography
### Singles

* "Allah Hi Dega" - Sounds Of Kolachi - 2017
* "Theher Jaa" - 2019 - Laal Series

### Sunlo

* "Shamein" - 2019
* "Sunlo" - 2020
* "Jugnu" - 2020
* "Kaun Hai" - 2020
* "PariNama" - 2020

### Nirali (Quaid Ahmed x Zaphixx)

* "Jani Janay" - 2022
* "Teri Yaad" - 2022
* "Paas Hongay" - 2022
* "Kaun Hai 2.0" - 2022
* "Sadaa" - 2022
* "Kaa Karun" - 2022
* "Tum Chahiye Ho" - 2022
* "Nirali Raat" - 2022

### Composer

* "Kaise Kahoon" - Natasha Baig (2020)
* "Saiyyan" - Natasha Baig (2021)
* "Chalta Rahoon" - Teen Talwar (2020)
# Merine

Merine (Arabic: مرين, Kabyle: Mrin) is a town and commune in Sidi Bel Abbès Province in northwestern Algeria.

## Geography

The municipality is composed by the town of Merine and the village of Amelza. It borders with Oued Sefioun, Oued Taourira, Tafissour, Teghalimet, Telagh and Youb (in Saïda Province).
# Musée aéronautique et spatial Safran

The Musée aéronautique et spatial Safran (English: Aeronautics and Space Museum Safran) is a French private aviation museum located in Melun, Seine-et-Marne. Established in May 1989 the museum contains a large collection of historic and modern aircraft engines. These engines have been produced by various French engine manufacturers such as Gnome et Rhône and Snecma which are now part of the present day Safran company. The latter is the creator and manager of the museum.
The main exhibits are piston engines and turbojets that powered aircraft as well as rocket engines used for aircraft and spacecraft. All the exhibits were developed and produced by companies that were eventually merged into the Safran group.

## History

In 1985 the Musée de l'Air et de l'Espace, Le Bourget held more than 1,000 historic aero engines. Snecma signed an agreement to allow their restoration and future care. The agreement stated that employees of Snecma would restore the engines as volunteers. In 1987 Snecma decided to create a new museum to display the restored engines, the museum was created on the site of its Villaroche establishment in Melun in a former seaplane hangar of 4,000 m$^2$. Inaugurated on 31 May 1989 the 'Association of Friends of the Museum Safran' manages the museum. In 2013 the museum was expanded to accommodate a section on space propulsion.

## Collections

The museum's collections are presented with a parallel theme depicting the history of aviation and aerospace. Exhibits include aircraft, piston engines, gas turbine engines, rocket engines, and aerospace items.

### Piston engines

* Radial and rotary engines produced by Gnome and Gnome et Rhône
* Hispano-Suiza inline engines
* Renault inline engines

### Gas turbines

* CFM International CFM56
* General Electric GE36 (mock-up)
* Rolls-Royce/Snecma Olympus 593
* Snecma Atar
* Snecma M88
* Turbomeca Astazou

### Rocket engines

* Intercontinental ballistic missile stages
* Satellite rocket engines
* Viking
* Vulcain

### Aircraft

* Blériot XI
* Sud Aviation Emouchet
* Sud Aviation Vautour

### Other exhibits

The companies inherited by the Safran group also manufactured products unrelated to aviation which are also displayed. These exhibits include Gnome et Rhône motorcycles, missiles, submarines and tractors.

## Visitor information

The museum is located in Réau near Melun in the south of the Seine-et-Marne department. It is open every Wednesday and last Saturday of the month. Groups of at least 10 people can visit on other days by making a reservation. Admission is free.
# Sanhe, Jianyang

Sanhe (Chinese: 三合; pinyin: Sānhé) is a town under the administration of Jianyang City in eastern Sichuan province, China, located 16.5 kilometres (10.3 mi) northeast of downtown Jianyang as the crow flies. As of 2018, it has 13 villages under its administration.
# Lamento d'amore

"Lamento d'amore" (English: Lament of love) is a song by Italian singer Mina. It was written by Enrico Riccardi and Luigi Albertelli, arranged and conducted by Pino Presti. The song was released as a single in April 1973 along with the b-side "Rudy" from the 1972 album Altro, reaching number 6 on the Italian chart. "Lamento d'amore" has never been present among the tracks of any studio album, but is known for being included in the 1974 compilation Evergreens, released only on cassette. It also remained unreleased on CD until 1998, when it was included in the compilation Studio Collection.

## Track listing
### 7" single

    A1. "Lamento d'amore" – 3:22
    A2. "Rudy" (Guido Bolzoni) – 4:08

## Charts

Chart performance for "Lamento d'amore" :
| Chart (1973) | Peak position |
| Italy (Musica e dischi) | 6 |
# Berkovitsa

Berkovitsa (Bulgarian: Берковица) is a town and ski resort in northwestern Bulgaria. It is the administrative centre of the homonymous Berkovitsa Municipality, Montana Province and is close to the town of Varshets. As of December 2009, it had a population of 13,917.

## Location and history

Berkovitsa is situated on the northern slope of Kom Peak of the Berkovska Stara Planina Mountain along the valley of the Berkovitsa River, which is a tributary to the Barziya River, at an altitude above sea level 405 m. The town was mentioned for the first time in Ottoman documents of 1488. According to the 1831 Ottoman population statistics, 67.5% of the Christians were non-taxpayers in the kaza of Berkofça. It is near the site of an old fortified settlement on the road from Sofia to Lom. The remains of the fortress and a church were discovered on high ground at Kaleto, just to the west of the present-day town. The former settlement was known as early as the reign of King Kaloyan and was mentioned as a border settlement in the period of the Vidin Kingdom.
Berkovitsa Glacier, on Livingston Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica, is named for Berkovitsa.

## History

The region was involved in the Uprising of Konstantin and Fruzhin (1408 - 1413) and the Chiprovtsi Uprising (1688). At the end of August 1872, Vasil Levski arrived in Berkovitsa, together with the chairman of the Vratsa Revolutionary Committee, Mito Ankov.

## Religion
### Christianity

In the late antique fortress Kaleto, located on a hill north of Berkovitsa, a large bishopric complex was built during early Christianity.
* Orthodox church of Nativity of Mary

### Judaism

Until 1947, there was a significant Jewish community in Berkovitsa and there was a functioning synagogue.

## Economy
### Transportation

Berkovitsa has a terminus railway station. It is connected to Montana and has access to the railway connecting Vidin and Vratsa. There are four trains per day.

## International relations
### Twin towns — Sister cities

Berkovitsa is twinned with:
* Dzerzhinsky, Russia
* Zaječar, Serbia
* Dimitrovgrad, Serbia

## Gallery

* Berkovitsa Square
* Clock tower
* peak Kom
* Orthodox Church
* Town museum
* House-museum of Ivan Vazov

## Notable natives

* Timo Angelov, revolutionary, member of IMARO
# El Calpense

El Calpense was a Spanish language newspaper that was published in the then Crown colony (now British overseas territory) of Gibraltar between 1868 and 1982. Its name is synonymous, in Spanish, to "The Gibraltarian" (Calpe being an ancient name for Gibraltar, as it was the name given to the Rock of Gibraltar as one of the Pillars of Hercules).
El Calpense (subtitled a political, commercial and advertising daily, Spanish: Diario político, mercantil y de anuncios) was founded as a daily and was the first Spanish language newspaper published in Gibraltar. Owned and run by Spaniards, its emergence was at first resisted by the Governors of Gibraltar, who worried about possible troubles with Spain and disruption in the town. Its audience was not only among the Spanish-speaking community in Gibraltar, but also in the surrounding area, the Campo de Gibraltar. Its contents was rather similar to those of the Gibraltar Chronicle, but in Spanish. It also included reviews of Madrid-based Spanish press as well as the British press.

## History

Gibraltar's oldest newspaper, the Gibraltar Chronicle (1801), was published in English at a time when much of the civilian population spoke mainly Spanish with some Genoese and Maltese also used. Although the Chronicle remained popular among the garrison, a large proportion of the population would have not have benefited from a paper published in English. El Calpense fulfilled this purpose once it had established itself as a daily but its founders, the Parral family, fought long and hard before they were permitted a licence to publish their paper.
It was one of the leading newspapers of the territory. In 1878 it had a daily circulation of 500 copies (the Gibraltar Chronicle and El Anunciador had 400 each). During the first third of the 20th century, it had about 1,250 (1,200 for the Gibraltar Guardian and 1,000 for El Anunciador). During the Spanish Civil War (1936 to 1939) (when its editorial sympathies lay with the Republican side) it reached 20,000, stabilising at 3,000 during the Second World War, when it enthusiastically supported the Allies cause. Copies of El Calpense were smuggled into Francoist Spain, becoming "a beacon and herald of democracy and liberty".
The paper started its decline with the worsening of relationships with Spain. In the 1960s it became a weekly newspaper. When the border between Spain and Gibraltar was eventually closed by Spain in 1969, the newspaper changed its ownership and begun to be published in English. It later closed in 1982.

## Gallery

* Notice page from El Calpense of 15 May 1894.
* Plaque at the entrance to Calpense House.
# Saffal Band

Saffal Band (Persian: سفال بند, also Romanized as Saffāl Band and Safāl Band) is a village in Doreh Rural District, in the Central District of Sarbisheh County, South Khorasan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 196, in 48 families.
# Lee Hardy

Lee Hardy (born 26 November 1981) is an English former professional footballer who played as a midfielder in the Football League for Oldham Athletic and Macclesfield Town and in the Scottish League for Ayr United, St Johnstone and Hamilton Academical. He began his football career as a trainee with Blackburn Rovers, without playing for the first team, and also played non-league football for Hucknall Town and Leigh RMI. He retired from football on medical advice in January 2006, aged 24, after suffering an ankle injury.
# László Vágner

László Vágner (born December 24, 1955, in Gávavencsellő) is a Hungarian former football referee.
He refereed two matches in the 1998 FIFA World Cup in France: Scotland v Norway at the Parc de Lescure in Bordeaux, and Chile v Cameroon at the Stade de la Beaujoire in Nantes which ended in controversial circumstances as he denied Cameroon two apparently clean goals and dished out two red cards to Cameroon.
# Breivikbotn Chapel

Breivikbotn Chapel (Norwegian: Breivikbotn kapell) is a chapel of the Church of Norway in Hasvik Municipality in Finnmark county, Norway. It is located in the village of Breivikbotn on the west coast of the island of Sørøya. It is an annex chapel for the Hasvik parish which is part of the Alta prosti (deanery) in the Diocese of Nord-Hålogaland. The red, wooden church was built in a long church style in 1959 using plans drawn up by the architect Rolf Harlew Jenssen. The church seats about 90 people.
# Athamania (disambiguation)

Athamania (Greek: Αθαμανία) can refer to:
* Athamania, the area inhabited in Antiquity by the Athamanians
* Athamania, Arta, a municipal unit in the regional unit of Arta, Greece
* Athamania, Trikala, a village in the regional unit of Trikala, Greece
# Leonov (crater)

Leonov is a small lunar impact crater that lies to the south of Mare Moscoviense, one of the few maria on the far side of the Moon. This crater has a heart-shaped outline due to an outward bulge along the northwest side. The rim of Leonov is worn, and several tiny craterlets lie along the edge. The inner walls and interior floor are relatively featureless.
In 1970, the crater was named after Russian cosmonaut Alexei Leonov, the first human to perform an extravehicular activity (EVA or "spacewalk") in Earth orbit in 1965.
# Bossacucanova

Bossacucanova is a Brazilian musical group. The group combines traditional bossa nova with electronica. The group is most notable for having been nominated for a Latin Grammy award in 2002 for Best Brazilian Contemporary Pop Album for their album Brasilidade.
Among the group's permanent members is Márcio Menescal, son of bossa nova pioneer Roberto Menescal, who appeared on the Brasilidade album, DJ Marcelinho DaLua and the record producer and sound engineer Alex Moreira. On stage the group has special guests, female singer Cris Delanno, guitarist Flávio Mendes, saxophone player Rodrigo Sha and percussionist Dado Brother.
Alex Moreira (born 1965) passed away in 2023.

## Discography

* 1998 Revisited Classics
* 2001 Brasilidade with Roberto Menescal
* 2004 Uma Batida Diferente
* 2005 Ipanema Lounge
* 2009 Ao Vivo
* 2012 Nossa Onda É Essa!
* 2014 Our Kind of Bossa
* 2019 Bossa Got the Blues with Roberto Menescal
# Marsikomerus

Marsikomerus is a genus of centipedes in the family Schendylidae. This genus was described by Austrian myriapodologist Carl Attems in 1938. Species in this genus are found in Mexico and in the United States (in Arkansas, Texas, and Hawaii).

## Description

Centipedes in this genus feature sternal pore-fields that are subcircular or transversally elliptical and found only on the anterior part of the trunk. The ultimate leg-bearing segment has a single pore on each coxopleuron, a wide metasternite, and legs without claws. These centipedes range from 1 cm to about 5 cm in length and have 39 to 61 pairs of legs. Males of the smallest species in this genus, Marsikomerus arcanus, measure only 10 mm in length and have only 39 leg pairs, the minimum recorded for this genus. The largest species in this genus, M. bryanus, can reach 47 mm in length and can have as few as 39 leg pairs or as many as 57 pairs. The original description of the species M. texanus reports as few as 55 leg pairs or as many as 61 pairs, the maximum recorded for this genus.

## Species

There are four valid species:
* Marsikomerus arcanus (Crabill, 1961)
* Marsikomerus bryanus (Chamberlin, 1926)
* Marsikomerus koestneri (Chamberlin, 1940)
* Marsikomerus texanus (Chamberlin, 1940)
# Vanhankaupunginselkä

Vanhankaupunginselkä (also called Vanhankaupunginlahti, Swedish: Gammelstadsfjärden) is a bay area which together with parts of adjoining Viikki district constitute a natural conservation zone near downtown Helsinki in the southern part of Finland. The area is listed in Ramsar Convention on Wetlands of International Importance, is part of European Union's Natura 2000 program and is also listed as BirdLife International's Important Bird Area.
Geographically the area lies east of Helsinki peninsula and is surrounded by the districts of Hermanni, Arabianranta, Viikki, Herttoniemi and Kulosaari. The Vantaa River ends at the north end of Vanhankaupunginselkä.
Although the area appears to be either land or water on various maps or satellite pictures, it is largely marsh-like, impassable either on foot or on boat. Most parts of the area are covered with reeds as tall as a person, which will prevent use of boats, while the subsoil beneath the reeds is soft and muddy, thus preventing passage on foot.
However, for the purposes of walking between the reeds the City of Helsinki has constructed some duckboards, which permit the visitors on the area to walk between the reeds. While these duckboards permit the visitors to walk between the reeds, the duckboards are just two to four planks wide, which require the visitors to apply appropriate caution in general and while passing other visitors. During times of higher water, the duckboards can be submerged in whole or in part, while in winter, the boards can be warped or destroyed by ice.
As for the bird species in the area, 285 different species have been observed on the area. Out of these species, 114 have nested on the area during last 10 years.
When the species of area are considered, certain species rare in Finland nest at the area. Examples of these are western marsh harrier, Eurasian bittern, white-backed woodpecker, red-backed shrike, ortolan bunting and black woodpecker.
As for other species, various predators like hawks and owls are frequently observed on the area.
The rules applicable to visitors of Vanhankaupunginselkä are fairly strict. As per the instructions printed on the signs all over the area, visitors on the area are not permitted to move between the reeds while the area is unfrozen, collect or damage the foliage or distribute animals in general. In addition, fishing is not permitted at the area, nor is walking unleashed dogs or horse riding. Furthermore, as Vanhankaupunginselkä is frequently visited by persons interested in nature, informal social control is strict. Littering, loud behavioural and comparable activities are typically strongly condemned.
The visitors can commute to the area either by cars, trams or buses. The trams number 6 and 8 have stops less than a kilometre from the area and various locations near the area offer ample parking space.

## Birds at Vanhankaupunginselkä and Viikki Area

* Mute swan
* Juvenile mute swan
* Common chaffinch (female)
* Reed bunting
* Common chaffinch
* Lesser spotted woodpecker
* Smew
* Juvenile mute swan
* Goshawk
* Female common pheasant
# Nippur de Lagash

Nippur de Lagash (English: Nippur of Lagash) is an Argentine historical comic series, published between 1967 and 1998. It is set in the 23rd century BC (according to the short chronology), about a fictional homonym warrior of Sumer, created by Paraguayan comic scriptwriter Robin Wood, and illustrated by Argentine artist Lucho Olivera. It was published by Columba Publishing in the magazine D'Artagnan and later Nippur Magnum comic books from 1967 to 1998, and is considered one of the most important Argentine comics.
Some of the authors and artists who worked on this comic are, among many, Sergio Mulko, Néstor Barrón, Gustavo Amézaga, Ricardo Villagrán and Jorge Zaffino.

## Plot summary

The protagonist's parents name him after the ancient city of Nippur, where they were born. He later gained the epithet "from Lagash" after leaving his home city, Lagash, in forced exile.
Nippur's adventures, loosely framed on actual Ancient History, start when he is a general and military leader of Lagash, who is forced to escape from Mesopotamia after an invasion carried out by the tyrant Lugal-Zage-Si. Nippur then wanders around the Bronze Age known world, the Middle East and the Eastern Mediterranean. He makes friends and enemies, acquires enormous fame, first as "The Errant One" and then as "The Incorruptible", fights many battles and loses one eye.
After some years of living the life of a farmer and raising his son, the wild archer Hiras, Nippur eventually decides to take up the sword once more: he and his allies take part on the Akkadian conquest of the Fertile Crescent. Thus does Nippur become king of Lagash, but after some time he chooses to abdicate and resumes his travels for the rest of his life.
# Georgia Department of Agriculture

The Georgia Department of Agriculture is the oldest state department of agriculture in the United States of America.

## Summary

In 1874, the Georgia Department of Agriculture was established. The department regulates food, fiber, and the agricultural workforce in the state. It also works to promote and protect agriculture.

## List of commissioners

The following is a list of Georgia Commissioners of Agriculture:
| # | Name | Term of Service | Political Party |
| 1 | Thomas P. Janes | 1874–1879 | Democratic |
| 2 | J. T. Henderson | 1879–1890 | Democratic |
| 3 | Robert Taylor Nesbitt | 1890–1898 | Democratic |
| 4 | O. B. Stevens | 1899–1905 | Democratic |
| 5 | Thomas G. Hudson | 1905–1912 | Democratic |
| 6 | James J. Conner | 1912 | Democratic |
| 7 | James D. Price | 1913–1917 | Democratic |
| 8 | J. J. Brown | 1917–1927 | Democratic |
| 9 | Eugene Talmadge | 1927–1933 | Democratic |
| 10 | G. C. Adams | 1933–1935 | Democratic |
| 11 | Tom Linder | 1935–1937 | Democratic |
| 12 | Columbus Roberts | 1937–1941 | Democratic |
| 13 | Tom Linder | 1941–1955 | Democratic |
| 14 | Phil Campbell | 1955–1969 | Democratic (1955–1968) / Republican (1968–1969) |
| 15 | Tommy Irvin | 1969–2011 | Democratic |
| 16 | Gary Black | 2011–2023 | Republican |
| 17 | Tyler Harper | 2023–present | Republican |
# USS Kittaton

USS Kittaton (YT-406 /YTB-406 /YTM-406) was a Sassaba-class district harbor tug that served the U.S. Navy at the end of World War II. She served in the Pacific Ocean, often in the Japan and Philippine Islands area and was eventually struck from the Navy list at an unspecified date.

## Built in Brooklyn, New York

Kittaton (YTB-406) was laid down as YT-406; re-classified YTB-406 on 15 May 1944; launched 30 June 1944, by Ira Bushey & Sons, Inc., Brooklyn, New York; and placed in service 19 January 1945.

## World War II-related service

Assigned to duty in the Pacific Ocean theatre of operations, Kittaton joined Task Force 16 at Pearl Harbor 21 May. Departing 2 days later, she steamed via Kwajalein and arrived Guam in June for towing operations out of Apra Harbor.

## Post-war service

Kittaton served at Guam and in the western Pacific until February 1947 when she was assigned to further duty with Service Force, Pacific Fleet. Reclassified YTM-406 in February 1962, Kittaton in 1967 remained on active service with the U.S. Pacific Fleet out of U.S. Naval Base Subic Bay, Philippine Islands.

## Deactivation

Kittaton was decommissioned and struck by the Navy at an undisclosed date. She was sold for scrapping on 23 April 1987.

## Honors and awards

Qualified Kittaton personnel are eligible for the following:
* American Campaign Medal
* Asiatic-Pacific Campaign Medal
* World War II Victory Medal
* National Defense Service Medal