OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Emergency Service Medal

The Emergency Service Medal (Irish: An Bonn Seirbhíse Éigeandála) is a military decoration of the Republic of Ireland that was awarded to servicemen who served during The Emergency from 1939 to 1946.
Due to faulty record keeping during the period, the total number of Medals issued is not known.

## Description

The medal is made of bronze, on the front there is an image of a woman with a dog beside her, along the top the words "Re na Práinne" are inscribed in Irish. On the back there is an olive branch with "1939" to one side of it, and "1946" to the other. At the top there are words inscribed in Irish, the words are different across the 11 variants, with each being the Irish name of the organisation or group the individual who received the medal is a member of. The example Medal shown reads "An Fórsa Cosanta Áitiúil", which was the Irish name for the Local Security Forces.
The Ribbon is scarlet red with 1 or 2 white stripes in the center. The ribbons for the Local Security Forces, Air Raid Precautions Agency, First Aid Division of the Irish Red Cross and the Volunteer Aid Division of the Irish Red Cross all have one large stripe, while the rest of the ribbons have two smaller disconnected stripes.
There is a bar at the top of all Medals, which reads "Serbís Náisiúnta". If an individual completed an extra two years of service during The Emergency, then they would be awarded an extra bar with "1939-1946" inscribed on the front. Up to two extra bars could be earned, both having the same design.

## Eligibility

The medal was eligible for Members of the 26th Infantry Battalion, Irish Navy and the Irish Air Corps for 1 year of service. Members of the Reserve Defence Forces, the Local Security Force, the Air Raid Precautions Agency, the Maritime Inscription, the Second Line Reserve, the First Aid Division of Irish Red Cross, the Volunteer Aid Division of Irish Red Cross, the Army Nursing Service and the Chaplaincy Service were awarded it after 2 years of service.
# Karposhtli-ye Baghi

Karposhtli-ye Baghi (Persian: كرپشتلي باغي, also Romanized as Karposhtlī-ye Bāghī) is a village in Jargalan Rural District, Raz and Jargalan District, Bojnord County, North Khorasan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 712, in 180 families.
# Robert Darwin of Elston

Robert Darwin of Elston (12 August 1682 — 20 November 1754) was an English lawyer, scientist and physician. He was the father of English physician Erasmus Darwin, and a great-grandfather of the famous English naturalist and geologist Charles Robert Darwin, best known for his contributions to evolution. It is with Robert Darwin of Elston, Nottinghamshire that many biographies of his great-grandson begin.
In 1719, Darwin was instrumental in bringing the attention of the Royal Society to the first remains of a Jurassic reptile to be found: a fossilised plesiosaur, that would originally have been about three metres (9.8 ft) long. The stone came from a quarry at Fulbeck and had been used, with the fossil on its underside, to reinforce the edge of a well in Elston. After the strange bones it contained had been discovered, it was displayed in the garden of the local parsonage by the rector, the Rev. John South, as a curiosity. Darwin communicated with William Stukeley who obtained the fossil for the Royal Society and described it in a paper in the Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society, calling it "a Rarity, the like whereof has not been observ'd before in this Island". Stukeley speculated on the reasons for the fossil's presence in rock, mentioning the Biblical flood: he said that it was not human, but was probably a crocodile or porpoise. The specimen is today on display in the Natural History Museum as Plesiosaurus dolichodeirus, with the original registration number NHMUK R.1330. It is the earliest discovered more or less complete fossil reptile skeleton in a museum collection.

## Family

Darwin married Elizabeth Hill (1702–1797) on 1 January 1724 at Balderton, Nottinghamshire. They had four sons and three daughters:
* Robert Waring Darwin of Elston (1724–1816), lawyer and botanist
* Elizabeth Darwin (15 September 1725 – 8 April 1800)
* William Alvey Darwin (1726–1783)
* Anne Darwin (12 November 1727 – 3 August 1813)
* Susannah Darwin (10 April 1729 – 29 September 1789)
* Rev. John Darwin (1730–1805), rector of Elston
* Erasmus Darwin (1731–1802), the poet, philosopher, physician, etc.
# Gazda Helicospeeder

The Gazda Helicospeeder was an American-built single-seat single-rotor helicopter of the 1940s.

## Development

The Helicospeeder was designed by Antoine Gazda of Wakefield, Rhode Island in 1946. It was specified to carry one person and publicity releases claimed an ultimate goal of a 300 mph (483 km/h) maximum airspeed. One example of the initial version was completed.
The Model 100 Helicospeeder was developed in 1947, again with a single seat. It was of all-aluminium construction and was powered by a Continental A-75 engine. One example was completed.

## Operational history

The designer/constructor carried out test flights and a more modest actual speed of 100 mph (161 km/h) was reached. Production examples were expected to sell for 5000 US Dollars, but no firm sales were made.

## Variants

Antoine Gazda planned to build the Model 101, which was intended to accommodate two persons, but no record of its completion has been found.

## Aircraft on display

The Model 100 Helicospeeder is preserved at the Owls Head Transportation Museum, adjacent to the Knox County Regional Airport, two miles south of Rockland, Maine.

## Specifications (Model 100)

Data from Aerofiles
General characteristics
* Crew: 1
* Powerplant: 1 × Continental A-75 piston, 75 hp (56 kW)
* Main rotor diameter: 19 ft 6 in (5.94 m)
Performance
* Maximum speed: 100 mph (160 km/h, 87 kn)
# Lysivtsi

Lysivtsi (Ukrainian: Лисівці́) is a village (selo) in Chortkiv Raion of Ternopil Oblast (province of Western Ukraine). The population of the village is about 1943 people and Local government is administered by Lysivska village council. It belongs to Tovste settlement hromada, one of the hromadas of Ukraine.

## Geography

The village Lysivtsi is situated on the right banks of the Seret River which is the left tributary of the Dniester. Area of the village totals is 19.79 km$^2$. The village lies in a valley which is surrounded by low mountains, at the foot of the mountain Lysa. Village Lysivtsi is a distant from the administrative center of Ternopil 107 kilometres (66 mi), 30 kilometres (19 mi) from the district center Zalischyky and 8 kilometres (5.0 mi) from the urban-type settlement Tovste.

## History and Attractions

The date of establishment the village is considered 1418. But archaeological excavations have revealed traces of ancient settlements. Traces of Tripoli culture been found in the village Lysivtsi.
Until 18 July 2020, Lysivtsi belonged to Zalishchyky Raion. The raion was abolished in July 2020 as part of the administrative reform of Ukraine, which reduced the number of raions of Ternopil Oblast to three. The area of Zalishchyky Raion was merged into Chortkiv Raion.
The church of the Intercession of Blessed Virgin Mary is in the village, where preserved icon of the Intercession of the Virgin Mary (17th century). As well as ruined Roman Catholic church (stone, 1887) has the village.
# Inborn error of lipid metabolism

Numerous genetic disorders are caused by errors in fatty acid metabolism. These disorders may be described as fatty oxidation disorders or as a lipid storage disorders, and are any one of several inborn errors of metabolism that result from enzyme defects affecting the ability of the body to oxidize fatty acids in order to produce energy within muscles, liver, and other cell types.
Some of the more common fatty acid metabolism disorders are:

## Coenzyme A dehydrogenase deficiencies

* Very long-chain acyl-coenzyme A dehydrogenase deficiency (VLCAD) - Very long-chain acyl-coenzyme A dehydrogenase
* Long-chain 3-hydroxyacyl-coenzyme A dehydrogenase deficiency (LCHAD) - Long-chain 3-hydroxyacyl-coenzyme A
* Medium-chain acyl-coenzyme A dehydrogenase deficiency (MCAD) - Medium-chain acyl-coenzyme A dehydrogenase
* Short-chain acyl-coenzyme A dehydrogenase deficiency (SCAD) - Short-chain acyl-coenzyme A dehydrogenase
* 3-hydroxyacyl-coenzyme A dehydrogenase deficiency (HADH) - 3-hydroxyacyl-coenzyme A dehydrogenase

## Other Coenzyme A enzyme deficiencies

* 2,4 Dienoyl-CoA reductase deficiency - 2,4 Dienoyl-CoA reductase
* 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA lyase deficiency - 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA lyase
* Malonyl-CoA decarboxylase deficiency - Malonyl-CoA decarboxylase

## Carnitine related

* Primary carnitine deficiency - SLC22A5 (carnitine transporter)
* Carnitine-acylcarnitine translocase deficiency - Carnitine-acylcarnitine translocase
* Carnitine palmitoyltransferase I deficiency (CPT) - Carnitine palmitoyltransferase I
* Carnitine palmitoyltransferase II deficiency (CPT) - Carnitine palmitoyltransferase II

## Lipid storage

* Acid lipase diseases
** Wolman disease
** Cholesteryl ester storage disease
* Gaucher disease
* Niemann-Pick disease
* Fabry disease
* Farber's disease
* Gangliosidoses
* Krabbé disease
* Metachromatic leukodystrophy

## Other

* Spinal muscular atrophy
* Mitochondrial trifunctional protein deficiency
* Electron transfer flavoprotein (ETF) dehydrogenase deficiency (GAII & MADD)
* Tangier disease
* Acute fatty liver of pregnancy
# Echo Valley Provincial Park

Echo Valley Provincial Park is a provincial park in the Canadian province of Saskatchewan, located west of the town of Fort Qu'Appelle in the Qu'Appelle Valley between Echo Lake and Pasqua Lake in the RM of North Qu'Appelle No. 187. The three main roads to access the park are Highways 210, 56, and 727.
Echo Valley Provincial Park is situated on the southern shores and the isthmus between Echo and Pasqua Lakes with the northern boundary being the spot where the Qu'Appelle River cuts through the isthmus, which is called Sioux Crossing. There are two beach areas, one on each lake on either side of the isthmus. There are also over 300 campsites in the portion of the park on the south side of the lakes.

## Attractions and amenities

Nestled between two lakes, there are many attractions and recreational opportunities in the park. Both lakes have beach access for swimming, picnicking, beach volleyball, playgrounds, mini golf, fishing, and boating. The beaches are sandy and there's a public boat launch. Echo Lake, the lake to east, has a more developed beach area than Pasqua.
There are over 300 campsites in the park and most are electrified. The sites are divided into several different campgrounds, including Lakeview A, Lakeview B, Valleyview, Morningview, Aspen, and Prince Edward. Valleyview is the largest with 245 sites and Morningview is the only full-service campground. All campgrounds have access to potable water and washrooms.
The park has a 3 km (1.9 mi) hiking trail that winds through the forests and coulees.
In the winter, the roads of the Aspen Campground are turned into skating trails in the annual Skate the Park event. There are also cross-country ski trails set up and snow shoes are available for rent. Winter camping is available and through Camp-Easy, yurts are available for rent.

## Gallery

* Echo Valley Provincial Park between Pasqua and Echo Lakes
* Fort Qu'Appelle Beach, Echo Lake
# Mohamed Ahmed Zaki

Mohamed Ahmed Zaki Mohamed (Arabic: محمد أحمد زكي محمد; born 29 January 1956) is an Egyptian colonel general who was minister of defense of Egypt from June 14, 2018, to July 2, 2024. He previously held the command for the Egyptian Paratroopers from December 2008 to August 2012 and became the commander of the Republican Guard Forces until June 2018.
Zaki was sworn in on 14 June 2018, succeeding Sedki Sobhy as the minister of defense. His appointment may have been a reward for arresting former Egyptian President Mohamed Morsi during the 2013 Egyptian coup d'état.
# Little Natali

Natali (or "Little Natali") had a brief musical career as a child prodigy singer from Cyprus.

## Biography

Born in 1988 to a Greek Cypriot father and an Australian mother, Natali resides in Limassol and shares her home with her two siblings. She attended Ayios Tychonas elementary school. She studied classical piano and music theory with Nefen Michaelides, and took dance lessons at the Nadina Loizides school of ballet.
Natali began her career with an appearance at the Zecchino d'Oro festival in Bologna, Italy. Her first album, To Dromaki Mas (Our Tiny Street) (1995) containing songs composed and produced by Doros Georgiades, went on to platinum sales. Her second album was Pes to Mou (Say it to Me) (1996). Her next album was 1997's Natali's Christmas Eve.

## Discography

* To Dromaki Mas (1995)
* Pes To Mou (1996)
* Natali's Christmas Eve (1997)
# Ministry of Finance (Tunisia)

The Ministry of Finance (Arabic: وزارة المالية) is a government ministry office of the Republic of Tunisia, responsible for finance and tax affairs in Tunisia. The current minister is Sihem Boughdiri since 11 October 2021.

## List of ministers

* 1956–1958: Hedi Amara Nouira
* 1958: Bahi Ladgham
* 1958–1960: Ahmed Mestiri
* 1960: Bahi Ladgham
* 1960–1961: Hédi Khefacha
* 1961–1969: Ahmed Ben Salah
* 1969–1971: Abderrazak Rassaa
* 1971–1977: Mohamed Fitouri
* 1977–1980: Abdelaziz Mathari
* 1980–1983: Mansour Moalla
* 1983–1986: Mohammed El Azzabi
* 1986: Rachid Sfar
* 1986–1987: Ismaïl Khelil
* 1987–1989: Nouri Zorgati
* 1989–1992: Mohamed Ghannouchi
* 1992–1997: Nouri Zorgati
* 1997–1999: Mohamed Jeri
* 1999–2004: Taoufik Baccar
* 2004: Mounir Jaidane
* 2004–2010: Mohamed Rachid Kechiche
* 2010–2011: Mohamed Ridha Chalghoum
* 2011: Jalloul Ayed
* 2011–2012: Houcine Dimassi
* 2012–2013: Slim Besbes (interim)
* 2013–2014: Elyes Fakhfakh
* 2014–2015: Hakim Ben Hammouda
* 2015–2016: Slim Chaker
* 2016–2017: Lamia Zribi
* 2017: Fadhel Abdelkefi
* 2017–2020: Ridha Chalghoum
* 2020: Nizar Yaïche
* 2020-2021: Ali Kaali
* 2021- : Sihem Boughdiri
# EML Wambola (M311)

EML Wambola (M311) is a Lindau-class minehunter of the Estonian Navy Mineships Division, formerly the German warship Cuxhaven. The commanding officer of the vessel is Captain Jaanus Antson. The minehunter Wambola is the first vessel of the Estonian Navy Mineships Division and also the first modernized Lindau-class minehunter. A black keel on a silver background with a golden battle-axe is on the coat of arms of the vessel. The battle-axe is a weapon used by the ancient Estonians which also symbolizes their fighting spirit and strength. The ships motto is the Latin "Ad unquem" which is in English "Onto the nail head". The coat of arms was designed by Priit Herodes. In 2000 a cooperation contract was signed between the Pärnu city council and the minehunter Wambola which gave the vessel a right to wear the Pärnu town coat of arms and to introduce the city in all foreign harbors across the world.

## History

EML Wambola (M311) was built in West Germany, in a Burmester shipyard in Bremen. The vessel was launched on 11 March 1959 and she entered service in the same year. The ship's name comes from the city of Cuxhaven in Germany. Originally Cuxhaven was a minesweeper but was transformed into a minehunter in late 1970s. The German Navy decommissioned Cuxhaven and one of her twin sisters Lindau on 9 October 2003 and gave the vessels to the Estonian Navy to operate. On the ceremony the vessel received an Estonian name Wambola. Estonian Navy decommissioned Wambola on 26 March 2009.
She has since been converted into a floating bar and restaurant in Tallinn Harbor.
# Oleksandr Kolchenko

Oleksandr Kolchenko (Ukrainian: Олександр Кольченко; born September 20, 1988) is a Ukrainian basketball player for Cherkaski Mavpy and the Ukrainian national team.
With Ukraine, Kolchenko played at the EuroBasket 2017.
# Zhenjiang, Shaoguan

Zhenjiang District (simplified Chinese: 浈江区; traditional Chinese: 湞江區; pinyin: Zhēnjiāng Qū) is a district of Shaoguan, a city in northern Guangdong Province (Yuebei), China. Zhenjiang is seat of Shaoguan. As of 2021, there are 10 county-level administrative divisions including 3 subdistrict, 5 towns and 2 agents of Quren mineral bureau (曲仁矿务局办事处) under Zhenjiang's jurisdiction. Specific information in below:

## Subdistricts

Zhenjiang District's 3 subdistricts are as follows:
* Donghe Subdistrict (东河街道)
* Chezhan Subdistrict (车站街道)
* Fengcai Subdistrict (风采街道)

## Towns

Zhenjiang District's 3 subdistricts are as follows:
* Xinshao Town (新韶镇)
* Leyuan Town (乐园镇, or "Paradise Town" in literally)
* Shiliting Town (十里亭镇)
* Lishi Town (犁市镇, or "Plow city Town" in literally)
* Huaping Town (花坪镇)

## Agent of Quren mineral bureau

The two agent of Quren mineral bureau are agent of Quren mineral bureau at Quren (曲仁矿务局曲仁办事处) and agent of Quren mineral bureau at Tianluochong (曲仁矿务局田螺冲办事处) respectively.
# Philolaus of Corinth

Philolaus of Corinth (Greek: Φιλόλαος ὁ Κορίνθιος) was an ancient Greek lawmaker at Thebes.
Philolaus belonged by birth to the Bacchiadae family of Corinth who arose as Nomothete (lawmaker) at Thebes. He became the lover of Diocles of Corinth, the winner of the stadion race of the 13th Ancient Olympic Games in 728 BCE at Olympia. The stadion race (about 180 meters) was the only competition in the first 13 Olympiads.
When Diocles quitted Corinth because of his loathing for the incestuous passion of his mother Alcyone and went away to Thebes, he was accompanied by his lover Philolaus. There they lived together for the rest of their lives and were buried in adjoining tombs, facing each other, with Diocles' back to his hated Corinth and Philolaus facing it.
With Philolaus crafting laws for the Thebans, some writers make it clear that these laws gave special support to male unions, contributing to the development of Theban pederasty in which, unlike other places in ancient Greece, it favored the continuity of the union of male couples even after the younger man reached adulthood, the most famous example being the Sacred Band of Thebes, composed of elite soldiers in pairs of male lovers in the 4th century BCE.
# Grane Dam

The Grane Dam (German: Granetalsperre) is a dam above the village of Astfeld/Herzog-Juliushütte in the borough of Langelsheim in the Lower Saxon part of the Harz mountains.

## Dam system

It is the newest dam in the Harz, built in 1969 in the Grane valley. Because the river Grane itself does not deliver enough water for the 3 km long reservoir, a 7.4 km long diversion channel was built from the Oker river below the Oker Dam. This also collects water from the Gose on the way. A further 4.8 km long diversion runs from the Radau to the Großer Romke and thus into the Oker-Grane Tunnel as well. Likewise there is a 4.6 km long tunnel to the Innerste Dam. The operator of the Grane Dam, as well as its associated diversion systems and waterworks is the Harzwasserwerke.
The barrage is an earth dam with asphaltic concrete lining.

## Reservoir

The Grane Reservoir (Granestausee) supplies drinking water, acts as flood protection, water regulation and electricity generation. The hydro-electric power station has a power output of 180 kW. The waterworks for drinking water lies higher up on the northern slope. The water from the reservoir is pumped up into a compensating storage basin of 60,000 m³ capacity, from where it flows to the waterworks. The Grane Dam has an average annual discharge of 55 million m³.
Because the reservoir provides drinking water, water sports are not allowed. Even motor traffic is kept away from it. A track for maintenance was laid around the reservoir, which is also open to walkers and cyclists and is about 17 km long.
There is a checkpoint (no. 110) in the Harzer Wandernadel hiking network by the reservoir known as Granestausee.
# Kastro tis Orias

Kastro tis Orias (Greek: Κάστρο της Ωριάς/Οριάς, "Castle of the Fair Maiden") may refer to:
Various medieval fortresses named for the legend:

## Greece

* Gardiki Castle, Arcadia
* Kastro tis Orias, Cephalonia
* Kastro tis Orias, Chios
* Kastro tis Orias, Kilkis
* Kastro tis Orias, Kythnos
* Kastro tis Orias, Lemnos
* Kastro tis Orias, Mani, Laconia
* Kastro tis Orias, Servia
* Kastro tis Orias, Tempe
* Kastro tis Orias, Thasos
* Kalavryta Castle, Messenia
* Ochia Castle, Elis
* Platamon Castle, Pieria
* Salmeniko Castle, Achaea
* Salona Castle, Phocis
* Siderokastron, Phthiotis

## Turkey

* Demre Castle, (Lycia) Antalya Province
* Görele Castle, (Pontus) Giresun Province

## Albania

* Terihati castle (Northern Epirus), Gjirokastër county
* Palaiokastron castle (near Labova e Kryqit) (Northern Epirus), Gjirokastër county
# CarVup

CarVup is a platform game developed and published by Core Design in 1990. Based on Jaleco's 1985 arcade game City Connection, it was released for the Amiga and Atari ST.

## Gameplay

The gameplay involves controlling a cartoon-like car named Arnie, who is jumping from platform to platform while avoiding enemies. If the time limit in each level was reached, a demon-like creature called Turbo flies into the screen which homed in on the player within 15 seconds, costing them a life.
Much like City Connection, the objective of the game is to drive over every platform in the level, which changed the platforms in some ways. For example, in the construction zone the platforms are girders with holes for rivets. A rivet would appear in the hole once it was driven over. With this task completed, Arnie would be picked up by a helicopter and taken to the next level. At the end of three levels, Arnie would rescue an animal friend and continue on to the next themed level.
Themed levels include: construction site, Halloween, garden and other various themes.

## Development

Both the Amiga and Atari ST versions of CarVup began development in May 1990, and were released in November. CarVup's protagonist, Arnie, was initially named Carl. The game's plot was conceived before the team decided on a car protagonist; Robert Toon, CarVup's designer & programmer, stated that the team decided on an automotive aesthetic because "people can associate with cars and, because it has no brakes, it's easy to explain why it doesn't stop moving". CarVup was inspired by the similarly colorful & cartoony platformers Rainbow Islands and Rod Land; Terry Lloyd, CarVup's graphic artist, expressed that he wanted to have cartoon visuals without making them 'too simplistic'. Toon further expressed that CarVup was made to look "like it came from a console or arcade game". Most of CarVup's graphics were created in OCP Art Studio on an Atari ST, and larger works such as the title screen were created in DEGAS Elite. Memory limitations impacted CarVup's graphic design, limiting the number of frames each animation could have; this also impacted Arnie's sprite, and making it 'stand out' despite the sprite's small size was a priority. Arnie was planned to have more facial expressions, but this was scrapped due to memory constraints. Parallax scrolling is unique to the Amiga version of CarVup, and isn't present in the Atari ST version.

## Reception

The One gave the Atari ST version of CarVup an overall score of 90%, praising its 'arcade-style' presentation accentuated by its "cute" graphics, as well as its "simplistic" and "tremendous[ly] fun" gameplay. The One praised CarVup's level design, which when combined with the game's enemy AI, created a challenge which requires skill. The One further praised CarVup's "wonderfully colourful" graphics, as well as its "jolly" music.
# Valentyna Lutayeva

Valentyna Ivanivna Lutayeva (née Berzina, Ukrainian: Валентина Іванівна Лутаєва-Берзіна, 18 June 1956 – 12 January 2023) was a Ukrainian handball player. She was part of the Soviet team that won a gold medal at the 1980 Olympics.