OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Noorderhoogebrug

Noorderhoogebrug (Dutch:; Gronings: Hogebrug) is a village or hamlet within the municipality of Groningen in the province of Groningen in the Netherlands with 275 inhabitants (2021). It is located within the city limits of Groningen.
The village has a large flour mill, the Wilhelmina [nl]. A sarries hut was located next to the mill. A house of the same name has been built on its foundations.

## Etymology

The name refers to the former bridge over the Boterdiep. There were two bridges with the name Hoogebrug near the city of Groningen, hence the addition of Noorder ('Northern'). The other Hoogebrug lay over the Damsterdiep [nl] and the place around that bridge is currently called Oosterhoogebrug [nl]. The bridge was called hoog ('high'), because this fixed bridge rose above the road and ships could easily pass under it. The bridge was opposite to the house at Molenstreek 8. Originally, the Walfridus Bridge was located here, which formed the entrance to the Wolddijk [nl]. Around 1500, the Walfridus Bridge was replaced by a high bridge. Whether this was for shipping or for some other reason is not known. After the completion of this bridge, the name Walfridusbrug fell out of use and was replaced by first, Hogherbrugge (1514), then Westerhoogebrug and then from about 1590 by Noorderhoogebrug. The current bridge of the village is the Boterdiep Bridge.

## History

Until 1969, the village belonged to the municipality of Noorddijk as far as the Molenstreek and surroundings are concerned. That municipality was particularly narrow here - only about 20 m of Noorddijk soil lay at the narrowest point between the then municipalities of Groningen and Bedum. The former café Stad en Lande was even on the municipal boundary. The living room was in Groningen, while the taproom was in Noorddijk. The rest of Noorderhoogebrug (the respective streets of Groningerweg and Wolddijk) belonged to the municipality of Bedum until the annexation by the municipality of Groningen.

## Gallery

* View of Noorderhoogebrug, by Jan Bulthuis
* Stone man on bench in Noorderhoogebrug, by Jan Schoffelmeijer
* House in Noorderhoogebrug, 1967
# Teklewold Atnafu

Teklewold Atnafu (Ge'ez: ተክለወልድ አጥናፉ; born on 26 October 1963) is an Ethiopian politician who governed National Bank of Ethiopia for nearly two decades. Teklewold is serving as a board member for the Commercial Bank of Ethiopia since 2020.

## Early life

Teklewold was born in Areka, Wolayita, Ethiopia. He completed his primary and secondary school in his hometown and Sodo respectively. He attended Addis Abeba University and studied his first and second degree in Statistics.

## Career

Teklewold governed the National Bank of Ethiopia since 2000s to 18 June 2018. He was assigned to head the central bank after serving as a vice governor for a year. He completed his studies in statistics at Addis Abeba University. He did his post-graduate dissertation on building a model for econometric measures of demand and supply of money in Ethiopia. Aby Ahmed appointed him as a chairperson of Commercial Bank of Ethiopia's Board of Management since February 2020 succeeding Fitsum Assefa, the commissioner of the National Planning & Development Commission. He is also a financial affairs sector advisor of the Prime minister.
Since February 12, 2024, Teklewold Atnafu assumed chairmanship of the Board of Management of Development Bank of Ethiopia, another state-owned company with a robust capital base of 39.7 billion Br, second only to the Commercial Bank of Ethiopia (CBE), succeeding Tegegnework Getu (PHD), an alumnus of Addis Abeba and Colombia universities, previously served as Undersecretary General of United Nations General Assembly and administrator of the UNDP.
# Termunterzijl

Termunterzijl (Dutch pronunciation:; Gronings: Ziel) is a village in the Dutch province of Groningen. It is a part of the municipality of Eemsdelta, and lies about 32 km east of Groningen.

## History

The village was first mentioned in 1660 as "Zijl Ter Munte", and means "sluice near Termunten".
Around 1300, the former river Munte [nl] was dammed and a sluice was installed. The village of Termunterzijl developed around the sluice. The sluice was destroyed in 1686 by a flood, and the village was destroyed in a flood in 1717. In 1728, the current sluice was built by the city of Groningen.
In 1601, a ferry service opened to Emden in East-Frisia, Germany. The harbour near the sluice grew in importance as well, and was used by ships to Norway, German, Russia and England.
Termunterzijl was home to 340 people in 1840. In 1870, a new (outer) sluice was added to relieve the old (inner) sluice. The new sluice was replaced by a sluice which is an integral part of the sea dike in 1972. In the early 20th century, the harbour became overshadowed by neighbouring Delfzijl and Termunterzijl started to become a fishing village. Between 1930 and 1931, a large pumping station was installed near the old sluice.

## Gallery

* Toll house Termunterzijl
* Inner sluice
* Harbour at Termunterzijl
* Welcome to Termunterzijl
# USS Vindicator (1863)

USS Vindicator was a 750-ton steamer acquired by the U.S. Navy and put to use by the Union during the American Civil War.
Vindicator served the Union Navy primarily as a ram on the Mississippi River and its tributaries as part of the Union effort to control the Mississippi River and, essentially, divide the Confederate States of America in half. Vindicator was also equipped by the Navy as a gunboat with a number of powerful guns installed on board.

## Service history

Vindicator—originally acquired by the Federal Government in 1863 at New Albany, Indiana, for use by the Union Army during the American Civil War—was transferred to the Union Navy in 1864; and commissioned on 24 May, Lt. Comdr. Thomas O. Selfridge in command. Shortly after her transfer from the Army, Vindicator was reworked at Mound City, Illinois, for use as a ram in the Mississippi Squadron. She was assigned Command to the 5th District of the squadron on 4 July and deployed off Natchez, Mississippi, later that month. While off Natchez, Vindicator and her squadron performed patrol and reconnaissance duties, and the mere presence and vigilance of the formidable Union gunboats there were credited with preventing a planned Confederate crossing of the river on 22 August.
Vindicator was transferred to the 6th District of the Mississippi River for duty in early November. During an expedition up the Yazoo River, Vindicator and the stern-wheeler Prairie Bird transported and covered Union cavalry forces in an attack on Confederate communications in western Mississippi on the 27th. The Federals destroyed the railroad bridge over the Big Black River and tore up tracks for a distance of 30 miles around. Major General Napoleon J. T. Dana praised the performance of the two gunboats, saying: "the assistance of the vessels of the Sixth Division Mississippi Squadron rendered the expedition a complete success."
Vindicator remained in the 6th District for the duration of the war and conducted a spirited, though unsuccessful, pursuit of the ram William H. Webb off the mouth of the Red River in Mississippi on 23 and 24 April 1865. During the chase, Acting Master D. P. Slattery of Vindicator stoked his boilers to near bursting point, commenting that, "such was the spirit animating every officer, man, and boy that all seemed to vie with each other in the rapid and intelligent execution of each order." Vindicator was withdrawn from service soon thereafter and laid up at Mound City, where she was partially dismantled in July. She was sold at public auction at Mound City to W. L. Hambleton on 29 November; redocumented New Orleans on 27 February 1866; and dropped from documentation in 1869.
# E-iginimpa'e

E-iginimpa'e (Sumerian: 𒂍𒅆𒉏𒉺𒌓𒁺, e2-igi-nim-pa-e3) was a Sumerian ruler (ensi) of the Mesopotamian city of Adab in the mid-3rd millennium BCE, probably circa 2400 BCE. He succeeded another ensi known as Mugsi.
He is known from several inscriptions, most of them located in the Oriental Institute Museum, Chicago, with one tablet in the State Hermitage Museum, Saint Petersburg. He was a contemporary of Lugal-zage-si as several land transactions are recorded between the two.
One of his tablets reads, dedicated to goddess Digirmah or Ensimah (𒀭𒈤, equivalent of Martu) reads:
   𒀭𒈤 𒂍𒅆𒉏𒉺𒌓𒁺 𒃻𒑐𒋼𒋛 𒌓𒉣𒆠 𒂍𒈤 𒈬𒈾𒆕 𒌫𒁉𒆠𒂠 𒋼𒁀𒋛
   $^d$-mah/ e2-igi-nim-pa-e3/ GAR-ensi/ adab{ki}/ e2-mah mu-na-du/ ur2-be2 ki-sze3/ temen ba-si
   "For the goddess Digirmah, E-iginimpa'e, ensi-GAR of Adab, built the E-Mah for her, and buried foundation deposits below its base"
E-iginimpa'e was "ensi-GAR", the highest civil office in Adab.
# Church of Saint Anne, Slakovci

Church of Saint Anne (Croatian: Župna crkva Svete Ane, Latin: Ecclesia parochiali S. Annae, German: St.-Anna-Kirche) is a Roman Catholic Parish church in Slakovci in Vukovar-Srijem County in eastern Croatia. The church was constructed in 1781. The local parish was established in 1784 and originally existed only up until 1786. It was reestablished in 1876. During the Croatian War of Independence the village of Slakovci was included within the self-proclaimed SAO Eastern Slavonia, Baranja and Western Syrmia with most of the local Croat Catholic population being expelled. The Church of Saint Anne was intentionally devastated by Serb forces. After the end of the United Nations Transitional Administration for Eastern Slavonia, Baranja and Western Sirmium in 1998 the Church of Saint Anne was the first church in the region which was reconstructed already in 2000.
* Church of Saint Anne
* Church of Saint Anne
# Magaramkent

Magaramkent (Russian: Магарамкент, Lezgian: Мегьарамдхуьр) is a rural locality (a selo) and the administrative center of Magaramkentsky District of the Republic of Dagestan, Russia. Population: 6,953 (2010 Census); 6,266 (2002 Census); 4,327 (1989 Soviet census).
# Amandeep Madra

Amandeep Singh Madra OBE (Punjabi: ਅਮਨਦੀਪ ਸਿੰਘ ਮਦਰਾ) (born in London) is a historian, author and media commentator.

## Early life

In his childhood growing up in West London in the 60s and 70s he was part of the generation that had to attend schools in different parts of London as part of a government policy to disperse Asian children.

## Career

Amandeep Madra is the CO-founder and chair for the UK Punjab Heritage Association, a non-profit organisation setup to preserve the heritage of Punjabi arts, literature, history and traditions.
He is co author of Warrior Saints and has featured in the BBC Radio 4 Beyond Belief podcast talking about the Amritsar Massacre, the BBC Radio 2 Good Morning Sunday show as curator of the exhibition "Empire, Faith & War: The Sikhs and World War One" in addition to the Sikh Channel talking about the 'Empire of the Sikhs' exhibition.
In 2021 he worked with the University of Greenwich to unveil the records of 320,000 Punjabi soldiers from World War 1 which he found in the depths of the Lahore Museum in Pakistan.

## Awards

He was awarded an OBE in the 2018 Queen's Birthday Honours List for services to Sikh and Punjabi Heritage and Culture
# Courageous Exploits of Doctor Syn

The Courageous Exploits of Doctor Syn is the sixth in the series of Doctor Syn novels by Russell Thorndike. Published in 1939, it follows the events of Amazing Quest of Doctor Syn and is followed by Shadow of Doctor Syn.

## Plot

In 1781, Doctor Syn continues his adventures as the Scarecrow of Romney Marsh, foiling all attempts to catch him and to break up the Dymchurch smugglers.

## Critical reception

"A splendid addition to the world-famed Dr. Syn series," according to The Observer. It received positive reviews for its exciting plot and swift narrative pace, as well as some humorous moments like Syn's pulpit denunciation of himself. "Full of violent action, with all subsidiary figures in good form," wrote Maurice Richardson.

## Publication

Originally published by Rich and Cowan in 1939, it has been reprinted many times in both hardcover and paperback editions, including by Arrow Books (1959), Panther (1964) Jarrolds (1966) and other more recent small presses.
# Phaedymia

Phaedymia (or Phaedyme, Phædima; Greek: Φαιδύμη) was the daughter of Otanes, a Persian noble a highly influential noble at the Achaemenid court. She was married in turn to Cambyses II, Bardiya (Gaumata?) and Darius I.
Herodotus tells us in his Histories that the Persian king Cambyses II married Phaedymia. Otanes may have been the brother of Cassandane, who was Cambyses' mother. If this is correct, Phaedymia was not only Cambyses' wife but also his cousin.
Cambyses died in the spring of 522 BCE, and was succeeded by Gaumata, a magus who pretended to be Bardiya, son of Cyrus. According to Herodotus, Otanes was the first to suspect that the new king was not Bardiya, son of Cyrus, but an impostor. Phaedymia, along with all the other wives of Cambyses II, became the wife of the false Bardiya. Despite the risks, Phaedymia did not hesitate to help her father uncover the truth. She confirmed that the new king was the magus Gaumata and not the true Bardiya. Upon learning this news, Otanes began organizing a conspiracy which resulted in the death of Gaumata and the rise of Darius I to the Persian throne in September 522 BC. Herodotus recounts that Phaedymia married Darius, and Otanes, in turn, married an unnamed sister of his new son-in-law.
# Kamarusak-e Pain

Kamarusak-e Pain (Persian: كم عروسك پايين, also Romanized as Kam‘arūsak-e Pā’īn; also known as Kam ‘Arūsak-e Soflá) is a village in Madvarat Rural District, in the Central District of Shahr-e Babak County, Kerman Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 41, in 11 families.
# Leeholme

54°39′47″N 1°37′05″W﻿ / ﻿54.663°N 1.618°W﻿ / 54.663; -1.618
Leeholme is a village in County Durham, England. It is situated immediately to the north of Coundon. In the 2001 census Leeholme had a population of 513.

## History

Leeholme secondary school was situated alongside what is now the Leeholme working men's club. The school has been demolished. Leeholme is approximately 2.2 miles from the market town of Bishop Auckland and has its roots in mining. The village was built to house mineworkers for Leasingthorne Colliery.
# Stephen H. Glickman

Stephen Howard Glickman (born June 25, 1948) is a senior judge of the District of Columbia Court of Appeals, the highest appellate court for the District of Columbia. After graduating from law school, he worked as a law clerk on the Supreme Court of Connecticut and a seminar instructor at Yale University before moving to Washington, D.C., where he worked at the Federal Trade Commission's Bureau of Competition and the Public Defender Service for the District of Columbia. From 1980 until 1999, he worked at the law firm Zuckerman Spaeder, serving as managing partner from 1991 to 1998. He retired from the active service on June 25, 2022.
Glickman resides in Washington D.C., with his wife, Ann. He has two children and one grandchild.
# Lalitpur Assembly constituency

Lalitpur is one of the 403 assembly constituencies of Uttar Pradesh. It is a part of Jhansi parliamentary constituency and comes under Lalitpur district of Uttar Pradesh.

## Members of Legislative Assembly

| Year | Member | Party |
| 1952 | Krishna Chandra Sharma | Indian National Congress |
| 1957 | Ram Nath Khera | Independent |
| 1957 | Gaijju Ram | Indian National Congress |
| 1962 | Ayodhya Prasad | Indian National Congress |
| 1967 | Ayodhya Prasad | Indian National Congress |
| 1969 | Bhagwat Dayal | Bharatiya Jana Sangh |
| 1974 | Chandan Singh | Communist Party of India |
| 1977 | Sudama Prasad Goswami | Janata Party |
| 1980 | Om Prakash Richhariya | Indian National Congress (I) |
| 1985 | Rajesh Kumar Khera | Indian National Congress |
| 1989 | Arvind Kumar Jain | Bharatiya Janata Party |
| 1991 | Arvind Kumar Jain | Bharatiya Janata Party |
| 1993 | Arvind Kumar Jain | Bharatiya Janata Party |
| 1996 | Arvind Kumar Jain | Bharatiya Janata Party |
| 2002 | Virendra Singh Bundela | Indian National Congress |
| 2007 | Nathu Ram Kushwaha | Bahujan Samaj Party |
| 2009^ | Suman Devi Kushwaha | Bahujan Samaj Party |
| 2012 | Ramesh Prasad Kushwaha | Bahujan Samaj Party |
| 2017 | Ramratan Kushwaha | Bharatiya Janata Party |
| 2022 | Ramratan Kushwaha | Bharatiya Janata Party |

## Election results
### 2017

2022 Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly election: Lalitpur :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes |
| | BJP | Ramratan Kushwaha | 176,550 |
| | BSP | Chandra Bhushan Singh Bundela | 69,335 |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | |

### 2012

U. P. Assembly Elections, 2012: Lalitpur :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | BSP | Ramesh Prasad Kushwaha | 79,797 | 29.06 |
| | SP | Chandra Bhushan Singh Bundela | 68,474 | 24.94 |
| | BJP | Ram Ratan | 54,413 | 19.82 |
| | INC | Virendra Singh Bundela | 30,270 | 11.02 |
| | Independent | Tilak Singh | 11,538 | 4.20 |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 11,323 | 4.12 |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 2,74,575 | 70.36 |
| | BSP hold | BSP hold | Swing | |
# Ivo Arčanin

Ivan Arčanin (16 October 1906 – 27 April 1995) was a Yugoslav swimmer. He competed in the men's 4 × 200 metre freestyle relay event at the 1924 Summer Olympics.
# Akbarabad-e Now Kan

Akbarabad-e Now Kan (Persian: اكبر اباد نوكن, also Romanized as Akbarābād-e Now Kan; also known as Akbarābād and Akbarābād-e Chāh Qal‘eh) is a village in Golestan Rural District, in the Central District of Sirjan County, Kerman Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 19, in 5 families.
# Ivan Borg

Ivan Borg (born 20 June 1984) is a retired Maltese track & field sprinter. He represented his country at GSSE, FISU and IAAF competitions from 2005 to 2013. At the 2006 GSSE, he was part of the Maltese 4 × 400 m team that won a silver medal.
His 10.71s 100m performance in Niort, France led the nation in 2010, and remains one of the fastest times clocked by a Maltese athlete over the distance.
He last competed in the 2013 Irish Collegiate Indoor Championships, for NUIG. Since his retirement from competition, Borg sporadically covers the sport in the media.
# Zsuzsanna Tiba

Zsuzsanna Tiba (born 31 March 1976) is a Hungarian water polo player. She was a member of the Hungary women's national water polo team. She was a part of the team at the 2004 Summer Olympics. On club level she played for Dunaújvárosi FVE in Hungary.
# Yagodninsky District

Yagodninsky District (Russian: Я́годнинский райо́н) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the eight in Magadan Oblast, Russia. It is located in the western central part of the oblast. The area of the district is 29,500 square kilometers (11,400 sq mi). Its administrative center is the urban locality (an urban-type settlement) of Yagodnoye. Population: 9,839 (2010 Census); 15,833 (2002 Census); 50,174 (1989 Soviet census). The population of Yagodnoye accounts for 42.8% of the district's total population.

## Geography

The district borders with Susumansky District in the north, Srednekansky District in the east, Khasynsky District in the south, and with Tenkinsky District in the west. There are a number of abandoned villages in the district, such as Taskan, Elgen and Ust-Taskan.
The most important rivers of the district are the Kolyma, Debin, Orotukan, Taskan, Bakhapcha and Kongo.
# Gentle protest

Gentle protest is an approach to activism which states that it aims to change hearts, minds, policies and laws through thoughtful and compassionate actions, intending to invite reflection and respectful conversation rather than division. It is purposefully non-aggressive.
Its name came from a 2015 exhibition by Sarah Corbett at Föreningen Handarbetets Vänner in Stockholm which aimed to show that protests do not always have to be aggressive. The message of the exhibition was: "If we want our world to be more beautiful, kind & just, then our activism should be beautiful, kind & just". The exhibition was shown at Helsinki Design Week and as part of The Future Is Present exhibition at Designmuseum Denmark.
Corbett is an activist for social justice, Ashoka fellow, author and founder of the Craftivist Collective, a global social enterprise for individuals, groups and organisations to learn how to use crafts as a tool for activism. She has said that 'gentleness'—which is not passive or weak—is the golden thread that creates real positive impact in her work.
In 2017 she wrote a book, How To Be A Craftivist: The Art of Gentle Protest, and ran a six-week online course titled "The School of Gentle Protest" as part of a project funded by Arts Council England in collaboration with the University of Lincoln. Visiting professors included Orsola de Castro of Fashion Revolution and Catherine Howarth, CEO of ShareAction.
Gentle protest has been used as a framework by groups in Potsdam, the Lake District, and at WWF to protest on a broad range of issues. Corbett has worked with organisations including The Scout Association.
# Laura Rogule

Laura Rogule (born 5 February 1988 in Riga) is a Latvian chess player who holds the title of Woman Grandmaster. She won the Latvian Chess Championship for women in 2003, 2005, 2006, 2009, 2010, 2011, 2013, 2015, 2016, 2020, 2021, 2022 and 2023. In 2002, she won the World Girls Under-14 Championship. In 2012, she won the European Blitz Chess Championship and European Rapid Chess Championship in Warsaw.
In August 2022, Laura Rogule was the best among women in the "Riga Technical University Open" tournament "A".
Laura Rogule played for Latvia in Chess Olympiads:
* In 2004, at third board in the 36th Chess Olympiad in Calviá (+5, =1, -5);
* In 2006, at second board in the 37th Chess Olympiad in Turin (+7, =2, -3);
* In 2008, at first board in the 38th Chess Olympiad in Dresden (+3, =4, -3);
* In 2010, at second board in the 39th Chess Olympiad in Khanty-Mansiysk (+5, =1, -3);
* In 2012, at second board in the 40th Chess Olympiad in Istanbul (+5 -2 =2);
* In 2014, at second board in the 41st Chess Olympiad in Tromsø (+6 -2 =2);
* In 2016, at second board in the 42nd Chess Olympiad in Baku (+4 -2 =4);
* In 2018, at first board in the 43rd Chess Olympiad in Batumi (+3 -3 =3).
Laura Rogule played for Latvia in 4th European Team Chess Championship (women):
* In 2001, at reserve board in Leon (+3, =2, -1);
* In 2015, at second board in 20th European Team Chess Championship (women) in Reykjavík (+4 −2 =3);
* In 2019, at second board in the 22nd European Team Chess Championship (women) in Batumi (+4, =1, -4).
# Metrobius

Metrobius (Ancient Greek: Μητρόβιος; lived 1st century BC) was an actor and a talented singer, in the Roman Republic. He was said to be the lover of Lucius Cornelius Sulla Felix, the famed general and dictator. Metrobius is mentioned twice by Plutarch in his Parallel Lives, who clearly disapproves of his relationship with Sulla. These excerpts are as follows.
"It was this laxity, as it seems, which produced in him [Sulla] a diseased propensity to amorous indulgence and an unrestrained voluptuousness, from which he did not refrain even in his old age, but continued his youthful love for Metrobius, an actor."
"However, even though he [Sulla] had such a wife at home, he consorted with actresses, harpists, and theatrical people, drinking with them on couches all day long. For these were the men who had most influence with him now: Roscius the comedian, Sorex the archmime, and Metrobius the impersonator of women, for whom, though past his prime, he continued up to the last to be passionately fond, and made no denial of it."
Though Sulla took other partners during his career, by Plutarch's account he remained in love with Metrobius until the end of his life.

## In fiction

In the historical fiction series Masters of Rome, by Colleen McCullough, the adolescent Metrobius is Sulla's sometime lover and later his client. He gives up the stage to accompany the former dictator Sulla into retirement in the year 79 BC.
In Raffaello Giovagnoli's novel Spartacus (1874) an actor named Metrobius accidentally overhears a conversation concerning a gladiator's plot and informs Julius Caesar about it.