OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Adaptive system

An adaptive system is a set of interacting or interdependent entities, real or abstract, forming an integrated whole that together are able to respond to environmental changes or changes in the interacting parts, in a way analogous to either continuous physiological homeostasis or evolutionary adaptation in biology. Feedback loops represent a key feature of adaptive systems, such as ecosystems and individual organisms; or in the human world, communities, organizations, and families. Adaptive systems can be organized into a hierarchy.
Artificial adaptive systems include robots with control systems that utilize negative feedback to maintain desired states.

## The law of adaptation

The law of adaptation may be stated informally as:
   Every adaptive system converges to a state in which all kind of stimulation ceases.
Formally, the law can be defined as follows:
Given a system $S$, we say that a physical event $E$ is a stimulus for the system $S$ if and only if the probability $P(S\rightarrow S'|E)$ that the system suffers a change or be perturbed (in its elements or in its processes) when the event $E$ occurs is strictly greater than the prior probability that $S$ suffers a change independently of $E$:
    $P(S\rightarrow S'|E)>P(S\rightarrow S')$
Let $S$ be an arbitrary system subject to changes in time $t$ and let $E$ be an arbitrary event that is a stimulus for the system $S$: we say that $S$ is an adaptive system if and only if when t tends to infinity $(t\rightarrow \infty )$ the probability that the system $S$ change its behavior $(S\rightarrow S')$ in a time step $t_{0}$ given the event $E$ is equal to the probability that the system change its behavior independently of the occurrence of the event $E$. In mathematical terms:
* - $P_{t_{0}}(S\rightarrow S'|E)>P_{t_{0}}(S\rightarrow S')>0$
* - $\lim _{t\rightarrow \infty }P_{t}(S\rightarrow S'|E)=P_{t}(S\rightarrow S')$
Thus, for each instant $t$ will exist a temporal interval $h$ such that:
    $P_{t+h}(S\rightarrow S'|E)-P_{t+h}(S\rightarrow S')<P_{t}(S\rightarrow S'|E)-P_{t}(S\rightarrow S')$

## Benefit of self-adjusting systems

In an adaptive system, a parameter changes slowly and has no preferred value. In a self-adjusting system though, the parameter value “depends on the history of the system dynamics”. One of the most important qualities of self-adjusting systems is its “adaptation to the edge of chaos” or ability to avoid chaos. Practically speaking, by heading to the edge of chaos without going further, a leader may act spontaneously yet without disaster. A March/April 2009 Complexity article further explains the self-adjusting systems used and the realistic implications. Physicists have shown that adaptation to the edge of chaos occurs in almost all systems with feedback.
# Lauterecken (Verbandsgemeinde)

Lauterecken is a former Verbandsgemeinde ("collective municipality") in the district of Kusel, Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. The seat of the Verbandsgemeinde was in Lauterecken. On 1 July 2014 it merged into the new Verbandsgemeinde Lauterecken-Wolfstein.
The Verbandsgemeinde Lauterecken consisted of the following Ortsgemeinden ("local municipalities"):
| Adenbach Buborn Cronenberg Deimberg Ginsweiler Glanbrücken Grumbach Hausweiler Heinzenhausen Herren-Sulzbach Hohenöllen Homberg Hoppstädten | Kappeln Kirrweiler Langweiler Lauterecken Lohnweiler Medard Merzweiler Nerzweiler Odenbach Offenbach-Hundheim Sankt Julian Unterjeckenbach Wiesweiler |
49°38′56″N 7°35′31″E﻿ / ﻿49.649°N 7.592°E﻿ / 49.649; 7.592
# Lauterecken-Wolfstein

Lauterecken-Wolfstein is a Verbandsgemeinde ("collective municipality") in the district of Kusel, Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. The seat of the Verbandsgemeinde is in Lauterecken. It was formed on 1 July 2014 by the merger of the former Verbandsgemeinden Lauterecken and Wolfstein.
The Verbandsgemeinde Lauterecken-Wolfstein consists of the following Ortsgemeinden ("local municipalities"):
| Adenbach Aschbach Buborn Cronenberg Deimberg Einöllen Eßweiler Ginsweiler Glanbrücken Grumbach Hausweiler | Hefersweiler Heinzenhausen Herren-Sulzbach Hinzweiler Hohenöllen Homberg Hoppstädten Jettenbach Kappeln Kirrweiler Kreimbach-Kaulbach | Langweiler Lauterecken Lohnweiler Medard Merzweiler Nerzweiler Nußbach Oberweiler im Tal Oberweiler-Tiefenbach Odenbach Offenbach-Hundheim | Reipoltskirchen Relsberg Rothselberg Rutsweiler an der Lauter Sankt Julian Unterjeckenbach Wiesweiler Wolfstein |
49°37′N 7°35′E﻿ / ﻿49.62°N 7.59°E﻿ / 49.62; 7.59
# Sarai, Ryazan Oblast

Sarai (Russian: Сараи) is an urban locality (an urban-type settlement) in Sarayevsky District of Ryazan Oblast, Russia. Population: 5,802 (2010 Census); 6,604 (2002 Census); 7,996 (1989 Soviet census).
# Margaret Brennan (disambiguation)

Margaret Brennan (born 1980) is an American news correspondent.
Margaret or Maggie Brennan may also refer to:

## Real people

* Margaret Brennan (nun) (1831–1887), Canadian Roman Catholic nun
* Margaret Brennan (Gaelic football), see Ladies' Gaelic football All Stars Awards
* Maggie Brennan (actress) in Randall's Thumb
* Maggie Brennan, WCBE radio host

## Fictional characters

* Margaret Brennan, character in The Marriage of Bette and Boo created by Victoria Clark
* Maggie Brennan, character in Creatures of Impulse
* Margaret "Maggie" Brennan, character in Death (DC Comics)
# For the Europe of the Peoples (1989)

For the Europe of the Peoples (Spanish: Por la Europa de los Pueblos, PEP) was a Spanish electoral list in the European Parliament election in 1989 made up from regionalist parties. It was the successor of the 1987 Coalition for the Europe of the Peoples.

## Composition

| Party | Scope |
| Basque Solidarity (EA) | Basque Country, Navarre |
| Republican Left of Catalonia (ERC) | Catalonia |
| Galician Nationalist Party–Galicianist Party (PNG–PG) | Galicia |

## Electoral performance
### European Parliament

European Parliament :
| Election | Vote | % | Seats |
| 1989 | 238,909 (#11) | 1.51 | 1 / 60 |
* This article about a political party in Spain is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
# Hezar Jerib, Hamadan

Hezar Jerib (Persian: هزارجريب, also Romanized as Ḩezār Jerīb, Hezār Jarīb, Hazār Jarīb, and Hazār Jerīb) is a village in Haram Rud-e Sofla Rural District, Samen District, Malayer County, Hamadan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 178, in 46 families.
# Vívela

"Vívela" (English: "Live it") is a song recorded by the Spanish singer-songwriter Pablo Alborán. The song was included on his third studio album, Terral. The song was released as the lead single from his second live album Tour Terral (Tres Noches en Las Ventas) (2015). It was released as a digital download and CD single and peaked at number 1 on the Spanish Singles Chart in October 2015.

## Chart performance
### Weekly charts

| Chart (2015) | Peak position |
| Spain (PROMUSICAE) | 1 |

## Release history

| Region | Date | Format | Label |
| Spain | 5 October 2015 | Digital download, CD | EMI Music |
# Rystseva Gorka

Rystseva Gorka (Russian: Рысцева Горка) is a rural locality (a village) in Rakulo-Kokshengskoye Rural Settlement of Velsky District, Arkhangelsk Oblast, Russia. The population was 2 as of 2014.

## Geography

Rystseva Gorka is located on the Kokshenga River, 62 km northeast of Velsk (the district's administrative centre) by road. Pugachyovskaya is the nearest rural locality.
# Archivo General de Palacio

The General Archive of the Palace (Spanish: Archivo General de Palacio) is a Spanish national archive in Madrid created by Ferdinand VII in 1814 with more than 120 millions of documents from the 12th century until now. It collects, classifies and preserves all the documents from the Patrimonio de la Corona and the Spanish royal family. The current director is Juan José Alonso.
# Finnish Environment Institute

The Finnish Environment Institute (SYKE) (Finnish: Suomen ympäristökeskus, Swedish: Finlands miljöcentral) is a multidisciplinary research and expert institute under the Ministry of the Environment, Finland. SYKE has four office and research facilities in Helsinki, Oulu, Jyväskylä and Joensuu.
# General Artigas railway station

General Artigas railway station (Spanish: Estación Central General Artigas) is the former main railway station in Montevideo, Uruguay. Located in barrio Aguada, it was designed by the Italian engineer and architect Luigi Andreoni, it was opened to the public on 15 July 1897 and was closed on 1 March 2003, being replaced by a halt 500 metres (1,600 ft) to the north.
# Departamento Aeroportuário (RS)

Departamento Aeroportuário (DAP) (English: Department of Airports) is the department of aviation of the state of Rio Grande do Sul in Brazil. DAP is part of the Secretaria de Transportes do Governo do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul (English: Transportation Secretariat of the State of Rio Grande do Sul), and is responsible for the operation of seven public airports within the state, in accordance to directives from the National Civil Aviation Agency of Brazil (ANAC).
It was created on January 30, 1950.

## List of airports administered by DAP

The following airports are administered by DAP:
* Carazinho
* Erechim – Erechim Airport
* Ijuí – João Batista Bos Filho Airport
* Rio Grande – Rio Grande Regional Airport
* Santa Rosa – Luís Alberto Lehr Airport

## List of airports once managed by DAP

The following airports were once managed by DAP:
* Caxias do Sul – Hugo Cantergiani Airport (Campo dos Bugres Airport)
* Passo Fundo – Lauro Kurtz Airport
* Santo Ângelo – Sepé Tiaraju Airport
* Torres – Torres Airport
# Diponegoro-class corvette

The Diponegoro class of guided-missile corvettes of the Indonesian Navy are SIGMA 9113 types of the Netherlands-designed Sigma family of modular naval vessels, named after Indonesian Prince Diponegoro. Currently there are four Diponegoro-class corvette in service.

## History

The Indonesian variant is based on the Sigma 9113 design. Work on the first of the class, KRI Diponegoro, began with the first steel cutting conducted in October 2004. The ship was christened on 16 September 2006 and commissioned on 2 July 2007 by Admiral Slamet Soebijanto, Indonesian Navy Chief of Staff.
Options for two other units were exercised in January 2006 with the first steel cut commenced on 3 April 2006 in Damen's Schelde Naval Shipbuilding yard, Vlissingen-Oost yard and not in Surabaya stated earlier.
On 28 August 2007, Jane's Missiles and Rockets reported that Indonesia was having problems securing the export license for the MM-40 Exocet block II and are considering Chinese made C-802 anti-ship missiles as alternatives. However, the ships have already been delivered with the Exocet missiles. In 2019 MM40 Exocet Block III were launched from KRI Sultan Iskandar Muda (367).

## Modernisation

In early November 2022, PT Len and Thales Nederland has signed a contract to undertake the refurbishment of the integrated mission systems for all four Diponegoro-class ships. These ships will soon be refurbished with an Integrated Missions System including the TACTICOS Baseline 2 Combat Management System, the Naval Smarter (NS) 50 radar, as well as the latest in software-driven radar technology able to combat the highest level of threats.

## Ships of class

Indonesian Navy / Sigma 9113 design
| Name | Pennant | Laid down | Launched | Commissioned | Notes |
| KRI Diponegoro | 365 | 24 March 2005 | 16 September 2006 | 5 July 2007 | Diponegoro, a National Hero from Central Java |
| KRI Sultan Hasanuddin | 366 | 24 March 2005 | 16 September 2006 | 24 November 2007 | Sultan Hasanuddin, a National Hero from South Sulawesi |
| KRI Sultan Iskandar Muda | 367 | 8 May 2006 | 24 November 2007 | 18 October 2008 | Iskandar Muda, a National Hero from Aceh |
| KRI Frans Kaisiepo | 368 | 8 May 2006 | 28 June 2008 | 7 March 2009 | Frans Kaisiepo, a National Hero from Papua and the fourth Governor of Papua |
# Docol

Docol (English: Do'ol, Arabic: دعل) is a town in the north-central Mudug region of Somalia. The town is located in the state of Galmudug, in the Galkayo District
# Khoroshyovskaya (Moscow Metro)

Khoroshyovskaya (Russian: Хорошёвская) is a station on the Bolshaya Koltsevaya line of the Moscow Metro. It opened on 26 February 2018 as one of five initial stations on the new line.
The station's name comes from the area of Khoroshyovo, which was supposedly named by Ivan the Terrible.

## Infrastructure

Khoroshyovskaya has a direct connection to Polezhayevskaya on the Tagansko-Krasnopresnenskaya line and an out-of-station transfer to Khoroshyovo on the Moscow Central Circle. After opening of Narodnoye Opolcheniye station, the line now has two branches from Khoroshyovskaya, one that continues along the planned circle, and one that terminates at Delovoy Tsentr. The latter branch may ultimately become part of the planned Rublyovo-Arkhangelskaya line.
# Bukanovskoye Zagotzerno

Bukanovskoye Zagotzerno (Russian: Букановское Заготзерно) is a rural locality (a settlement) in Bukanovskoye Rural Settlement, Kumylzhensky District, Volgograd Oblast, Russia. The population was 77 as of 2010.

## Geography

Bukanovskoye Zagotzerno is located in forest steppe, on Khopyorsko-Buzulukskaya Plain, 46 km southwest of Kumylzhenskaya (the district's administrative centre) by road. Zimovnoy is the nearest rural locality.
# Otú Airport

Otú Airport (Spanish: Aeropuerto de Otú) (IATA: OTU, ICAO: SKOT) is an airport located in the village of Otú and serving the town of Remedios, a municipality of the Antioquia Department in Colombia. It is also known as Alberto Jaramillo Sanchez Airport.
Currently only Aerolínea de Antioquia operates from this airport, with two daily flights on Twin Otter aircraft to Enrique Olaya Herrera Airport in Medellín. Previously, the airline ACES flew between this airport and Medellin several times per day on aircraft including the Let L-410 Turbolet, Cessna 206 and Twin Otter. The airport's runway is also used as a small military base for the Air Force and National Police.
The Otu VOR-DME (Ident: OTU) is located on the field.
# Red River (2009 film)

Red River (simplified Chinese: 红河; traditional Chinese: 紅河; pinyin: Hóng hé) is a 2009 film starring Zhang Jingchu, Nick Cheung, Loletta Lee, Danny Lee Sau-Yin and is directed by Zhang Jiarui.

## Plot

A Tao (Zhang Jingchu) living near Red River at the Vietnam/Chinese border, is a mentally handicapped Vietnamese girl due to witnessing the violent death of her father, who stepped on a land mine while recovering her kite.
After she has grown up, she moved to China to work as a cleaner for A Shui (Loletta Lee), who is her deceased father's sister and runs a massage parlor. A Shan (Nick Cheung), a former theatre actor, operates a road side karaoke in town and vaguely resembles A Tao's father. A Tao soon becomes attracted to him.
Boss Shaba (Danny Lee Sau-Yin), a regular big spender at Ah Shui's massage parlor, suffered injuries and lost his lower right leg during the Vietnam War. He has earned his money by parallel importing American cigarettes. Due to his temper and appearance, no massage girl wants to serve him. Shaba then asked for A Tao who did not know him and was not afraid. Shaba thus takes a liking to A Tao.
Upon discovering A Tao's singing and crowd pulling abilities, A Shan offered to take her off A Shui's hands, which Ah Shui agrees for 200 renminbi plus a temporary resident permit for A Tao. When Shaba found out that A Tao is no longer at the massage parlour, he sent his men to get her back for him.

## Awards

"Red River" was selected as the Most Outstanding Film of the Competition Section of Chungmuro Film Festival.
# Schloss Greifenstein

Schloss Greifenstein is a castle in the mountainous Fraconian Switzerland (Fränkische Schweiz) region of Upper Franconia, Germany. Since 1691 Greifenstein, the "stone stronghold" of Heiligenstadt round its walls, is the seat of the noble Schenk von Stauffenberg family. Greifenstein is a prominent feature of the modern tourist itinerary called the Burgenstraße (Castle Road).
The Gothic castle that was first noted in 1172 was ruined and pillaged during the Peasants' war of 1524-1525 and was subsequently rebuilt. Then Marquard Sebastian von Schenk von Stauffenberg, Prince-Bishop of Bamberg, took possession and rebuilt Greifenstein in Baroque style from 1691 to 1693, under the direction of the Bavarian architect Leonhard Dientzenhofer; consequently, as a seat of the bishop it is sometimes called Greifenstein Palais, though the aofficial bishop's palace stood (and still stands) in Bamberg. The Prince-Bishop inscribed over his gate a Latin motto taken from Luke 6:19: "for there went virtue out of him, and healed them all." The assemblage of arms and armor are outstanding.
A comprehensive restoration was carried out by Otto Philipp Schenk, Graf von Stauffenberg, in 1975–77.
# Swedish Code of Statutes

The Swedish Code of Statutes (Swedish: Svensk författningssamling, Swedish law collection; SFS) contains the chronological session laws of the Riksdag, regulations of the Government, and ordinances, collectively called författning.

## SFS numbers

Every document has an SFS number, including legislation amending already existing law. The number contained in the citation consists of a four digit year, a colon and then an incrementing number by year. For instance, the Instrument of Government is SFS 1974:152, with each amendment having its own SFS number. The amendments are usually referred to as (year:number) in the main law text.

## Consolidation

SFS is not a law code because it does not systematize laws into a single, coherent body like the United States Code or US Code of Federal Regulations. Though författning are reprinted, they are not regularly updated in the SFS like the Swiss Systematic Compilation of Federal Legislation (SR/RS). SFS is a chronological publication of laws and regulations, more like the United States Statutes at Large and Federal Register. Consolidated versions of författning can be found through a combination of official online sources, legal databases, handbooks, and certain official publications.
Sveriges rikes lag [sv] is an annually privately-published Swedish law book. It contains a selection of laws and other statutes in the SFS that are deemed to be of general interest. By tradition, the responsible publisher is usually a retired justice of the Supreme Court who has also been the chairman of the Supreme Court. Up until the 2010 edition, it was Torkel Gregow who had the assignment. From and including the 2011 edition, Johan Munck is the law book publisher. The book is published by the information publisher Norstedts Juridik. In its current form, Sveriges rikes lag has been published since 1861.

## History

The publication of SFS started in 1825. Before that, författning were collected in print under the concept of Årstrycket (Annual Print).
# Ursa Observatory

The Ursa Observatory (Finnish: Ursan tähtitorni, Swedish: Ursas observatorium) is an astronomical observatory located in the Kaivopuisto park in Helsinki, Finland. The observatory, designed by architect Martti Välikangas (1893–1973), was completed in 1926.
# Qatur District

Qatur District (Persian: بخش قطور) is in Khoy County, West Azerbaijan province, Iran. Its capital is the city of Qatur.

## Demographics
### Population

At the time of the 2006 National Census, the district's population was 24,407 in 4,339 households. The following census in 2011 counted 26,583 people in 5,700 households, by which time the village of Qatur had been elevated to the status of a city. The 2016 census measured the population of the district as 24,591 inhabitants in 5,838 households.

### Administrative divisions

Qatur District Population :
| Administrative Divisions | 2006 | 2011 | 2016 |
| Qatur RD | 14,894 | 12,448 | 11,105 |
| Zeri RD | 9,513 | 9,472 | 8,339 |
| Qatur (city) | | 4,663 | 5,147 |
| Total | 24,407 | 26,583 | 24,591 |
| RD = Rural District ||||
# Colorado River (Aconcagua)

The Colorado River (Spanish: Río Colorado, Spanish pronunciation:) is a river of Chile.
# Vinternatten

Vinternatten (English: "One Winters Night") is a Christmas album by Swedish singer Sanna Nielsen, released in Sweden on 19 November 2012. This is her second solo Christmas album, following her 1997 release, Min önskejul. The album features the lead single "Viskar ömt mitt namn", a ballad version of her Melodifestivalen 2011 song "I'm in Love" as well as a cover of Leona Lewis' worldwide hit "Bleeding Love".

## Track listing

The album was released digitally and physically on November 19, 2012, with 12 tracks.

## Promotion

On 16 December, Nielsen performed "Viskar ömt mitt namn" and "Drummer Boy" live on "Nyhetsmorgon".

## Review

Scandipop gave the album a positive review saying; "It’s a fab album and well worth checking out before the year ends". They also said "Sanna’s new Christmas album ‘Vinternatten’ has been the biggest selling seasonal effort in Sweden this year".

## Chart performance

"Vinternatten" debuted at #17 on the week commencing November 30, 2012 before peaking at #5 three weeks later. It spent 7 weeks on the chart.

### Weekly charts

| Chart (2012) | Peak position |
| Swedish Albums (Sverigetopplistan) | 5 |

### Year-end charts

| Chart (2012) | Position |
| Swedish Albums (Sverigetopplistan) | 47 |
# NK Mengeš

Nogometni klub Mengeš (English: Mengeš Football Club), commonly referred to as NK Mengeš or simply Mengeš, was a Slovenian football club which played in the town of Mengeš. The club was founded in 1928 and was dissolved in 1997, after the 1996–97 Slovenian Third League season.
The club colours were yellow and black.

## Stadium

NK Mengeš played their home games at Stadion pod Gobavico. The stadium has a capacity for 800 spectators.

## Honours

* Slovenian Third League
** Winners: 1993–94
* Slovenian Fourth Division:
** Winners: 1992–93
# Kungak

Kungak (Russian: Кунгак; Bashkir: Көнгәк, Köngäk) is a rural locality (a village) and the administrative center of Kungakovsky Selsoviet, Askinsky District, Bashkortostan, Russia. The population was 602 as of 2010. There are 6 streets.

## Geography

Kungak is located 57 km northeast of Askino (the district's administrative centre) by road. Klyuchevoy Log is the nearest rural locality.