# Akademiska Sångföreningen

The Academic Male Voice Choir of Helsinki (Swedish: Akademiska Sångföreningen, lit. 'The Academic Song Association', Finland Swedish:), abbreviated AS, colloquially also known as Akademen (Finland Swedish:), is a Finland-Swedish academic male-voice choir in Helsinki, Finland. The choir was founded in 1838 by Fredrik Pacius and is the oldest extant choir in Finland. It is one of two male-voice choirs affiliated with the University of Helsinki, the other being the oldest extant Finnish-language choir, the YL Male Voice Choir (Finnish: Ylioppilaskunnan Laulajat). Furthermore, it is one of two Swedish-language choirs affiliated with the University of Helsinki, the other being the Academic Female Voice Choir Lyran (Swedish: Akademiska Damkören Lyran).

## History
### Overview

Akademiska Sångföreningen was founded no later than during the spring term of 1838 by Fredrik Pacius (né Friedrich Pacius), music lecturer at the Imperial Alexander University of Finland (today the University of Helsinki) and sometimes known as "the father of Finnish music", originally under the name Akademiska Sångsällskapet, 'The Academic Song Society'. The choir is thus the oldest extant one in Finland. The name Akademiska Sångföreningen was introduced no later than in 1846.
During the 19th century the choir became a symbol of national awakening in the emerging Finnish nation, at the time part of the Russian Empire as the Grand Duchy of Finland. On 13 May 1848, Pacius' composition Vårt land, 'Our Land', set to the poem by Johan Ludvig Runeberg, was performed for the first time by the choir, conducted by Pacius, during the students' celebration of the Flora Day. The composition was to become the national anthem of the Finnish nation.
In the 1850s and 60s, elite triple quartets from within the choir's ranks (Swedish: "sångartolfvor", lit. 'singer twelves') participated in raising the funds necessary to build what is today known as the Old Student House in Helsinki (Swedish: Gamla studenthuset, Finnish: Vanha ylioppilastalo), by travelling the country performing. The Old Student House was finished in 1870 and is still the location for the choir's weekly rehearsals.
During the second half of the 20th century, the choir, directed by modernist Erik Bergman, came to carve out new paths for the male-voice choir tradition in Finland, proving that this genre of music was able to exhibit superior musical qualities as well. After Bergman, jazz musician Henrik Otto Donner carried on this tradition.
At end of the 1970s and the beginning of the 80s the choir was engaged in lighter types of music. The Akademen à la carte concerts in Finlandia Hall were decidedly successful and, when necessary, members of the choir would compose pieces of music themselves.
During the 20th century the choir had several prominent conductors: Bengt Carlson, Nils-Eric Fougstedt, Erik Bergman, Henrik Otto Donner, Markus Westerlund, Eric-Olof Söderström, Tom Eklundh, John Schultz and Henrik Wikström all directed the choir. The most recent chief conductor Dr Kari Turunen, Doctor of Music, was appointed 2008 and stepped down in 2019 after the spring term, having been appointed artistic director of the Vancouver Chamber Choir, beginning the autumn term 2019. In June 2019, Elisa Huovinen, Master of Music, was appointed his successor as chief conductor of Akademiska Sångföreningen.

### List of chief conductors

The chief conductor is the artistic director of the choir.
Chief conductors :
| From (semester) | To (semester) incl. | Consecutive tenure | Total tenure | Name | Notes |
| 1838, spring | 1846, spring | 8+1⁄2 yrs | 8+1⁄2 yrs | Fredrik Pacius | Founder |
| 1846, autumn | 1850, spring | 4 yrs | 4 yrs | August Lindelöf | |
| Temporary conductors from the autumn semester of 1850 to the spring semester of 1857 ||||||
| 1857, autumn | 1860, spring | 3 yrs | 3 yrs | Gustaf Magnus Cederhvarf | |
| 1860, autumn | 1864, spring | 4 yrs | 4 yrs | Henrik Gustaf Borenius | |
| 1864, autumn | 1865, spring | 1 yr | 1 yr | Johannes Edvard Pacius | |
| 1865, autumn | 1866, spring | 1 yr | 1 yr | Uno Kurtén | Appointed Honorary Member in 1920 |
| 1866, autumn | 1868, spring | 2 yrs | 3 yrs | Lorentz Nikolai Achté | |
| 1868, autumn | 1869, autumn | 1+1⁄2 yrs | 1+1⁄2 yrs | Nils Peter Paldani | |
| 1870, spring | 1871, spring | 1+1⁄2 yrs | 4+1⁄2 yrs | Martin Wegelius | |
| 1871, autumn | 1872, spring | 1 yr | 3 yrs | Lorentz Nikolai Achté | |
| 1872, autumn | 1873, spring | 1 yr | 1 yr | David Hahl | |
| 1873, autumn | 1876, spring | 3 yrs | 4+1⁄2 yrs | Martin Wegelius | |
| 1876, autumn | 1879, spring | 3 yrs | 6+1⁄2 yrs | Gösta Sohlström | Appointed Honorary Member in 1915 |
| 1879, autumn | 1879, autumn | 2 yr | 2 yr | Oscar Mechelin | |
| 1880, spring | 1880, spring | 2 yr | 2 yr | Nils Kiljander | |
| 1880, autumn | 1880, autumn | 2 yr | 2 yr | Jarl Werner Holmberg | |
| 1881, spring | 1881, autumn | 1 yr | 1 yr | Edvard Rindell | |
| 1882, spring | 1882, spring | 2 yr | 2 yr | Oscar W. Moberg | |
| Interregnum from the autumn semester of 1882 to the spring semester of 1884 ||||||
| 1884, autumn | 1884, autumn | 2 yr | 2 yr | Artur Relander | |
| 1885, spring | 1892, autumn | 8 yrs | 11+1⁄2 yrs | Carl von Knorring | Appointed Honorary Conductor in 1900, Honorary Member in 1910 |
| 1893, spring | 1894, spring | 1+1⁄2 yrs | 2+1⁄2 yrs | Emil Leander | |
| 1894, autumn | 1894, autumn | 2 yr | 11+1⁄2 yrs | Carl von Knorring | Appointed Honorary Conductor in 1900, Honorary Member in 1910 |
| 1895, spring | 1895, autumn | 1 yr | 1 yr | Uno Öller | |
| 1896, spring | 1899, spring | 3+1⁄2 yrs | 6+1⁄2 yrs | Gösta Sohlström | Appointed Honorary Member in 1915 |
| 1899, autumn | 1902, spring | 3 yrs | 11+1⁄2 yrs | Carl von Knorring | Appointed Honorary Conductor in 1900, Honorary Member in 1910 |
| 1902, autumn | 1903, spring | 1 yr | 2 yrs | Lennart Hallman | |
| 1903, autumn | 1904, spring | 1 yr | 1 yr | Kurt Ångelin | |
| 1902, autumn | 1905, spring | 1 yr | 2 yrs | Lennart Hallman | |
| Vacancy during the autumn semester of 1905 ||||||
| 1906, spring | 1906, autumn | 1 yr | 1 yr | Gustaf Mattsson | |
| Vacancy during the spring semester of 1907 ||||||
| 1907, autumn | 1908, spring | 1 yr | 1 yr | Alarik Uggla | |
| 1908, autumn | 1909, spring | 1 yr | 1 yr | Thure Sandelin | |
| 1909, autumn | 1911, spring | 2 yrs | 2 yrs | Gösta Enckell | |
| 1911, autumn | 1912, spring | 1 yr | 2+1⁄2 yrs | Emil Leander | |
| 1912, autumn | 1915, spring | 3 yrs | 3 yrs | Ragnar Hollmérus | |
| 1915, autumn | 1920, spring | 5 yrs | 5 yrs | Olof Wallin | |
| 1920, autumn | 1946, spring | 26 yrs | 26 yrs | Bengt Carlson | Appointed Honorary Conductor in 1932, Honorary Member in 1946 |
| 1946, autumn | 1950, spring | 4 yrs | 4 yrs | Nils-Eric Fougstedt | |
| 1950, autumn | 1969, spring | 19 yrs | 19 yrs | Erik Bergman | Appointed Honorary Conductor in 1961, Honorary Member in 1969 |
| 1969, autumn | 1976, spring | 7 yrs | 7 yrs | Henrik Otto Donner | |
| 1976, autumn | 1983, spring | 7 yrs | 7 yrs | Markus Westerlund | |
| 1983, autumn | 1985, spring | 2 yrs | 2 yrs | Eric-Olof Söderström | |
| 1985, autumn | 1990, spring | 5 yrs | 5 yrs | Tom Eklundh | |
| 1990, autumn | 1997, spring | 7 yrs | 7 yrs | John Schultz | Joint conductorship with Henrik Wikström |
| 1997, autumn | 2008, spring | 11 yrs | 18 yrs | Henrik Wikström | Total tenure inclusive of joint conductorship with John Schultz |
| 2008, autumn | 2019, spring | 11 yrs | 11 yrs | Kari Turunen | Appointed Honorary Conductor in 2019 |
| 2019, autumn | 2019, autumn | 1⁄2 yr | 1⁄2 yr | Riku Laurikka | Acting conductor |
| 2019, autumn | | | | Elisa Huovinen | Incumbent, conductor de facto from 2020, spring |

### List of presidents

The president is the chairman of the committee.
Presidents :
| From | To | Name | Notes |
| No presidents proper before 1884 ||||
| 1884 | 1886 | Hjalmar Londén | |
| No presidents proper from 1886 to 1895 ||||
| 1896 | 1896 | Ossian Schauman | |
| No presidents proper from 1896 to 1902 ||||
| 1903 | 1905 | Konstantin Bergman | |
| 1905 | 1907 | Verner Hougberg | |
| 1908 | 1908 | Guy Topelius | |
| 1908 | 1911 | Bruno A. Norén | |
| 1911 | 1912 | Gösta Juslén | |
| 1912 | 1912 | Axel A. Mörne | |
| 1913 | 1913 | Evert Ekroth | Acting |
| 1913 | 1913 | Widar Granholm | |
| 1914 | 1915 | Gösta Schybergson | |
| 1916 | 1916 | Evert Ekroth | |
| 1916 | 1918 | Gunnar Pehrman | |
| 1919 | 1920 | Torsten Sievers | |
| 1920 | 1921 | Werner von Troil | |
| 1922 | 1923 | Gösta Charpentier | |
| 1923 | 1925 | Knut von Hertzen | |
| 1925 | 1926 | Erik G. Såltin | |
| 1926 | 1926 | Erik Vaenerberg | |
| 1927 | 1927 | Håkan Lindberg | |
| 1927 | 1928 | Randall Nybom | |
| 1928 | 1928 | Olof Leineberg | |
| 1929 | 1931 | Knut von Hertzen | |
| 1931 | 1932 | Runar Hernberg | |
| 1932 | 1934 | Öyvind Stadius | |
| 1934 | 1936 | Carl-Erik Creutz | |
| 1937 | 1937 | Gösta Th. Lindblad | |
| 1937 | 1940 | Carl-Erik Creutz | |
| 1940 | 1944 | Nils Westerholm | |
| 1945 | 1947 | Olof Rosenius | |
| 1947 | 1949 | Per Erik Floman | |
| 1949 | 1951 | Bengt-Olof Nordman | |
| 1951 | 1952 | Tor H. Krause | |
| 1952 | 1955 | Eduard Pacius | |
| 1955 | 1957 | Johan Lindberg | |
| 1957 | 1959 | Carl-Mikael Tengström | |
| 1959 | 1961 | Carl-Henrik von Hertzen | |
| 1961 | 1963 | Christian Reims | |
| 1963 | 1965 | Erik Kihlman | |
| 1965 | 1967 | Christer Lindberg | |
| 1967 | 1968 | Lars-Axel Lindberg | |
| 1968 | 1969 | Bengt Rosenquist | |
| 1969 | 1970 | Carl-Johan Lundström | |
| 1970 | 1972 | Magnus Bargum | |
| 1972 | 1974 | Marcus Borgström | |
| 1974 | 1975 | Thomas Thesleff | |
| 1975 | 1976 | Håkan Nylund | |
| 1976 | 1978 | Ulf Sjöblad | |
| 1978 | 1980 | Krister Blomqvist | |
| 1980 | 1982 | Staffan Kurtén | |
| 1982 | 1983 | Magnus Pousette | |
| 1983 | 1984 | Kim Sjöholm | |
| 1984 | 1988 | Johan Aalto | Appointed Honorary Member in 2013 |
| 1988 | 1990 | Torkel Tallqvist | |
| 1990 | 1991 | Björn Nykvist | |
| 1991 | 1992 | René Söderman | |
| 1992 | 1993 | Dominicus Björkstam | |
| 1993 | 1994 | Martin Hartman | |
| 1994 | 1995 | Ulf Ginman | |
| 1995 | 1995 | Leif Bergström | Acting |
| 1996 | 1997 | Mathias Nylund | |
| 1998 | 2000 | Dennis Holmlund | Appointed Honorary Member in 2023 |
| 2001 | 2003 | Jonne Sandström | |
| 2004 | 2005 | Sebastian Perret | |
| 2006 | 2007 | Fredrik Welander | |
| 2008 | 2009 | Mathias Westermarck | |
| 2010 | 2011 | John Tallqvist | |
| 2012 | 2013 | Kasper Sundström | |
| 2014 | 2015 | Rasmus Kurtén | |
| 2016 | 2018 | Alexander Zilliacus | |
| 2019 | 2019 | Arthur Lindstedt | |
| 2020 | 2021 | Johan Nyman | |
| 2022 | | Björn Schauman | Incumbent |

## Present activities

Being the oldest extant male voice choir in Finland, Akademiska Sångföreningen has always cared particularly for the classical Finnish male voice repertoire. Among the composers whose compositions form part of the choir's standard repertoire are honorary members Jean Sibelius, Selim Palmgren and Erik Bergman, as well as fellow composers Toivo Kuula and Leevi Madetoja. Furthermore, being a Finland-Swedish organization, the choir has always seen it as a natural and important task to champion the Swedish-speaking minority culture in Finland. Hence, the standard repertoire encompasses not only choral works of Finnish and Finland-Swedish origin, but also many works of Swedish origin, for example by honorary member Hugo Alfvén.
As implied by its name, the choir is an academic or students' choir, and like its Helsinki sister choir the Academic Female Voice Choir Lyran (Swedish: Akademiska Damkören Lyran) an independent 'music corporation' (Swedish: musikkorporation, Finnish: musiikkikorporaatio) affiliated with the University of Helsinki. The choir presently comprises some 50 active singers, many of whom are university students. Concerts are given regularly in Finland, and the choir travels abroad frequently. In addition to most European countries, the choir has been on tour in Australia, New Zealand, Canada, the United States, Hong Kong, the Philippines, and Singapore.
Particularly in recent years, the choir has devoted itself to actively producing records, explicitly in order to document high quality male voice choir repertoire in Swedish. Apart from Swedish, the choir also sings in the parody language Transpiranto on the record Happi kvam pippi, which was released in 2006. A later album, Hymn to Finland, was produced by Swedish label BIS Records and documents works for male voice choir by founder Fredrik Pacius. The record was released on 19 March 2009, the 200th anniversary of Pacius' birth.
The choir maintains contacts with other similar choirs, in Finland in particular with male voice academic choirs Brahe Djäknar in Turku and the YL Male Voice Choir (Finnish: Ylioppilaskunnan Laulajat) in Helsinki, and in Sweden in particular with Orphei Drängar in Uppsala, Stockholm Academic Male Chorus (Swedish: Stockholms Studentsångare) in Stockholm, Linköping University Male Voice Choir (Swedish: Linköpings Studentsångare) in Linköping and Lund University Male Voice Choir (Swedish: Lunds Studentsångförening) in Lund.
Ever since 1954, the choir has collaborated extensively with the Academic Female Voice Choir Lyran (Swedish: Akademiska Damkören Lyran), the only other Swedish-language University of Helsinki choir. The two choirs give several annually recurring concerts together.

## Discography

Studio, live and selections albums primarily featuring the choir :
| Year | Title | Translation | Conductor(s) | Label | Format | Notes |
| 1964 | Akademiska Sångföreningen 1838–1963 | | Erik Bergman | The Finnish Broadcasting Company | LP | 125th anniversary concert repertoire |
| 1967 | Bellman och serenader | 'Carl Michael Bellman and serenades' | Erik Bergman | The Finnish Broadcasting Company | EP | |
| 1975 | Studentsången i Kajsaniemi | 'The students' singing in Kaisaniemi Park' | Henrik Otto Donner | Akademiska Sångföreningen | LP | |
| 1980 | Etude | | Markus Westerlund | Finlandia Records | LP | |
| 1983 | Magnificat | | Markus Westerlund | Finlandia Records | LP | |
| 1988 | A la carte | | Various | Akademiska Sångföreningen | LP | Selected live recordings from the Akademen à la carte concerts 1980–1987 |
| 1995 | Första maj | 'May Day' | John Schultz | Akademiska Sångföreningen | CD | |
| 1999 | Julstämning | 'Christmas spirit' | Henrik Wikström, Kari Turunen | Akademiska Damkören Lyran & Akademiska Sångföreningen | CD | Christmas album; in collaboration with the Academic Female Voice Choir Lyran |
| 2002 | Skaparegestalter | 'Creator figures' | Henrik Wikström | Fuga | CD | |
| 2005 | För ögonblicket | 'At the moment' | Henrik Wikström | Fuga | CD | |
| 2006 | Happi kvam pippi | | Henrik Wikström | Fuga | CD | Translations into the parody language Transpiranto |
| 2009 | Hymn to Finland: Fredrik Pacius: Works for Male-Voice Choir | | Henrik Wikström | BIS Records | CD | |
| 2011 | Julen vi minns | 'The Christmas we remember' | Kari Turunen, Jutta Seppinen | Akademiska Damkören Lyran & Akademiska Sångföreningen | CD | Christmas album; in collaboration with the Academic Female Voice Choir Lyran |
| 2013 | Från tidevarv till tidevarv | 'From epoch unto epoch' | Various | Fuga | Triple CD | Selections album; released for the 175th anniversary |
| 2013 | Solglitter | 'The sun's glistening' | Kari Turunen | Fuga | CD | |
| 2016 | I Dreamt: Beställningsverken 2007–2013 | 'I Dreamt: Works commissioned 2007–2013' | Kari Turunen | Fuga | CD | |