OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# The Stalin School of Falsification

* This article is part of a series aboutLeon Trotsky
Personal
Childhood and family
Train
House Museum
Russian political activities
First exile
Russian Revolution of 1905
Treaty of Brest-Litovsk
Russian Civil War
Trade-union debate
Kronstadt rebellion
Scissors Crisis
Deposition
Case of the Anti-Soviet "Bloc of Rightists and Trotskyites"
American Committee for the Defense of Leon Trotsky
Dewey Commission
Assassination
perpetrator
Political ideology
Trotskyism
orthodox
Anti-Stalinist left
Soviet democracy
Affiliations
Left Opposition
United Opposition
Fourth International
Bibliography
Our Political Tasks
Our Revolution
1905
The Permanent Revolution and Results and Prospects
Terrorism and Communism
Trotsky's Military Writings
Literature and Revolution
New Course
Lessons of October
Towards Socialism or Capitalism?
Leon Trotsky on China
My Life
The Permanent Revolution
History of the Russian Revolution
The Revolution Betrayed
The Stalin School of Falsification
Their Morals and Ours: The class foundations of moral practice
The Transitional Program
Stalin: An Appraisal of the Man and His Influence
Writings of Leon Trotsky
The Spanish Revolution, 1931-1939
The Struggle Against Fascism in Germany
In Defence of Marxism :
vte :
The Stalin School of Falsification is a book written in 1937 by Russian revolutionary Leon Trotsky. Written after Trotsky's expulsion from the Soviet Union, the book contains a detailed account of how historians chosen by Joseph Stalin rewrote revolutionary history. A well-known example from the book concerns the revolutionary contributions by Trotsky himself about which Stalin had written glowingly in 1918, but whose special value he denied by 1924.

## Publication history

A translation in English by Max Shachtman was published in 1937 by Pioneer Publishers. In 1974, New Park in London published another edition.
# Cherlak, Cherlaksky District, Omsk Oblast

Cherlak (Russian: Черлак; Kazakh: Черлак, Cherlak) is an urban locality (a work settlement) and the administrative center of Cherlaksky District of Omsk Oblast, Russia, located on the right (eastern) bank of the Irtysh River, 140 kilometers (87 mi) southeast of Omsk. Population: 10,980 (2010 Census); 12,269 (2002 Census); 11,840 (1989 Soviet census).

## Economy

The settlement's economy includes various businesses serving the needs of the district, as well as a meat-processing plant.

### Transportation

Cherlak sits next to the Omsk–Pavlodar autoroute, which provides the primary way of access to the village. Regular bus and "routed taxi" service connects the village to Omsk.
The railroad station most easily accessible from the village, and also named Cherlak, located 40 kilometers (25 mi) further southeast along the same autoroute, is served by few passenger trains, and is rarely used by the villagers.
# Naukowa i Akademicka Sieć Komputerowa

The Naukowa i Akademicka Sieć Komputerowa (English: Research and Academic Computer Network), abbreviated NASK, is a Polish research and development organisation, data networks operator, and internet domain name registry operator for the .pl country-level top-level domain.

## .pl registry

NASK is the internet domain name registry operator for the .pl country-level top-level domain.
Besides domain registration, NASK offers through its Partners such services as Waiting List Service (WLS) – the so-called "option" enabling the purchase of the 3-year period of priority for registration of a domain name in case it has been deleted, or Domain Name Tasting (DNT) – a service consisting in registration of a domain name for the period of 14 days for the purpose of testing its attractiveness.
NASK was one of the first registries in the world to introduce the maintenance of internationalized domain names in 2003.
Since 1 July 2013, NASK is the registry operator for .gov.pl domain names.
NASK is the official representative of Poland in international organisations such as FIRST, CENTR and ICANN.

## CERT Polska

NASK includes a computer emergency response team called CERT Polska. Active since 1996, it handles security incidents and conducts internet security-related research and development. It is a member of the international forum of response teams (FIRST) since 1998, and a member of the working group of the European response teams TERENA TF-CSIRT since 2000.

## Dyzurnet.pl

The Dyżurnet.pl team within NASK is a point of contact that has been functioning within the framework of NASK since 2005. It responds to anonymous reports received from Internet users about potentially illegal material, such as child abuse content. Dyżurnet.pl also carries out awareness raising and educational activities to increase the level of the online safety of children and young people by, among others, taking various initiatives, including campaigns, conferences, trainings for professionals and experts as well as workshops for the youngest Internet users.
# Writings of Leon Trotsky

* This article is part of a series aboutLeon Trotsky
Personal
Childhood and family
Train
House Museum
Russian political activities
First exile
Russian Revolution of 1905
Treaty of Brest-Litovsk
Russian Civil War
Trade-union debate
Kronstadt rebellion
Scissors Crisis
Deposition
Case of the Anti-Soviet "Bloc of Rightists and Trotskyites"
American Committee for the Defense of Leon Trotsky
Dewey Commission
Assassination
perpetrator
Political ideology
Trotskyism
orthodox
Anti-Stalinist left
Soviet democracy
Affiliations
Left Opposition
United Opposition
Fourth International
Bibliography
Our Political Tasks
Our Revolution
1905
The Permanent Revolution and Results and Prospects
Terrorism and Communism
Trotsky's Military Writings
Literature and Revolution
New Course
Lessons of October
Towards Socialism or Capitalism?
Leon Trotsky on China
My Life
The Permanent Revolution
History of the Russian Revolution
The Revolution Betrayed
The Stalin School of Falsification
Their Morals and Ours: The class foundations of moral practice
The Transitional Program
Stalin: An Appraisal of the Man and His Influence
Writings of Leon Trotsky
The Spanish Revolution, 1931-1939
The Struggle Against Fascism in Germany
In Defence of Marxism :
vte :
Writings of Leon Trotsky is a 14-volume set collection of the writings of Leon Trotsky between the years 1929 and 1940, published by Pathfinder Press. This collection was put together in the 1960s and 1970s by initiative of the Socialist Workers Party. Most volumes were edited by George Breitman. Many of the texts were translated to English for the first time.
# Noemí Ferré

Noemí Ferré Fernández (born 24 November 1991) is a Spanish professional racing cyclist, who most recently rode for UCI Women's Continental Team Massi–Tactic.
She is married to fellow professional cyclist Sepp Kuss.
# Combray

Combray (French pronunciation: ) is a commune in the Calvados department in Normandy in north-western France. The commune is part of the area known as Suisse Normande.
Combray is also an imagined village in Marcel Proust's À la recherche du temps perdu (In Search of Lost Time), a book which was strongly inspired by the village of his childhood, Illiers, which has now been renamed Illiers-Combray in his honor. Combray is the title of the first part of the first volume of À la recherche du temps perdu, titled Du côté de chez Swann (Swann's Way).
There is a medieval motte-and-bailey castle.

## Geography

The commune is part of the area known as Suisse Normande.
The commune is made up of the following collection of villages and hamlets, Les Gosselins, Les Soyers, Le Hamel, Le Bas de la Courrière and Combray.
The commune has 2 watercourses running through it The Pont de Combray stream and La Vallee des Vaux stream.
vteNeighbouring communes :
Esson
Donnay
Thury-Harcourt-le-Hom & Saint-Omer
Combray
Donnay
Donnay :
# Dorothy Pocklington

Dorothy Pocklington (born Dorothy Ann Butcher; 25 March 1934 – 3 October 2024) was a United States Army nurse. She was the first female member of the Army Reserve to attain the rank of brigadier general.

## Early life and education

Pocklington was born in Louisiana on 25 March 1934, and raised in Lafayette. She earned a B.S. degree in Nursing from the Southwestern Louisiana Institute of Liberal and Technical Learning in 1956. She received an M.S. degree in Nursing from the Catholic University of America in 1960. Pocklington continued to study for a Ph.D. degree at the University of Maryland while also working as a Nursing instructor at her alma mater, which had been renamed the University of Southwestern Louisiana.

## Military career

Pocklington joined the Army Nurse Corps in August 1964 and was commissioned as a captain. She served on active duty for thirteen years, attaining the rank of lieutenant colonel. Pocklington transferred to the Army Reserve and continued to serve for another seventeen years, attaining the rank of brigadier general in 1989. As a general officer, she helped to mobilize 20,000 nurses and other Reserve personnel for the Gulf War. Pocklington retired from the Army Reserve in April 1994. She remained an inactive member of the Army Nurse Corps until March 1999.
Her military honors include the Distinguished Service Medal, the Legion of Merit and three awards of the Meritorious Service Medal.

## Personal life

Pocklington was the daughter of Curtis Harold Butcher and Lena Cecile (DelaHoussaye) Butcher. She married Alvin Eugene Pocklington on 28 November 1970 in Fort Myer, Virginia. Her husband had enlisted as a seaman in the U.S. Navy, but transferred to the Army and retired from service as a sergeant. He later worked in the field of biomedical electronics. The couple lived in Ellicott City, Maryland. After his death, her husband was interred at Arlington National Cemetery on 1 July 2008.
Pocklington died on 3 October 2024, at the age of 90.
# Indian Orthopaedic Association

The Indian Orthopaedic Association was founded in 1955 and as on 2013 had over 9,000 members.

## History

The first surgeons who focused on orthopedic surgeries in India were Dr. R J Katrak, Dr. N S Narasimha Aiyar and Dr. S R Chandra. After World War II, Dr. Mukhopadhaya and Dr. K S Grewal suggested forming an association during the annual conference of ASI in Vellore in 1952. Many practicing surgeons met in Agra in 1953, most prominently Katrak, Dr. B N Sinha, Grewal, Mukopadhaya and Dr. A K Gupta. They agreed to form an orthopedic section of ASI. However, in 1954, the general body of the ASI at Hyderabad rejected the proposal.
The society was officially formed in Amritsar at an ASI meeting in December 1955. Dr. B N Sinha and Dr. Mukopadhaya were unanimously elected president and secretary. Dr. A K Talwalkar started the Johnson & Johnson and the Smith & Nephew traveling fellowships on behalf of IOA. The annual Kini Memorial Oration started in 1958. Sir Harry Platt served as the first Orator in 1958. The members of the Association published the first issue of a journal in 1967 with Prakash Chandra as the Editor. A constitution prepared by a select committee was unanimously approved at the General Body meeting in 1967. This was later registered under the Indian Societies Act.
At the 1986 Agra ASI conference, the IOA became independent of ASI. Sixteen regional chapters were formed.

## Sub Specialty Societies

* Trauma Societies of India
* P.O.S.I
* Implant Committee
* A.S.S.I
* ASAMI India
* Oncology section of IOA
* Indian Arthroplasty
* Indian Foot & Ankle
* Indian Shoulder & Elbow
* Hand Section of IOA
* Indian Arthroscopy Society
* Computer Assisted Ortho. Surgery Society
* APASI
* Indian Orthopaedic Rheumatology Association
* Basic Sciences
* Orthopaedics Research and Education Foundation, India

## State Chapters

{{columns-list|colwidth=22em|
* Andhra Pradesh
* Bihar
* Chhattisgarh
* Delhi
* Gujarat
* Himachal Pradesh
* Karnataka
* Kerala
* Madhya Pradesh
* Maharashtra
* Nerosa
* Odisha
* Punjab
* Rosa
* Tamil Nadu
* Uttar Pradesh
* Uttrakhand
* West Bengal
* Telangana
# Yavuz Yolcu

Yavuz Yolcu (born 1 January 1966) is a Turkish judoka. He competed in the men's half-lightweight event at the 1988 Summer Olympics.
# Kafireas

Kafireas (Greek: Καφηρέας) is a former community in Euboea, Greece, named after the nearby Cape Kafireas. Since the 2011 local government reform it is part of the municipality Karystos, of which it is a municipal unit. The municipal unit has an area of 77.770 km$^2$. Population 282 (2021). The seat of the community was in Amygdalia. Kafireas (Cavondoros) is an Arvanitika speaking community.
# Territorial Court of the Northwest Territories

The Territorial Court of the Northwest Territories is the lower trial court of the Northwest Territories, Canada. It hears cases relating to criminal law and family law.

## Judges of the Territorial Court of the Northwest Territories

* The Honourable Chief Judge Christine Gagnon
* The Honourable Judge Bernadette E. Schmaltz
* The Honourable Judge Robert D. Gorin
* The Honourable Judge Garth E. Malakoe
# Huang Meixia

Huang Meixia (born 16 November 1958) is a Chinese rower. She competed in the women's coxed four event at the 1984 Summer Olympics.
# Afinidades (film)

Afinidades (English: Affinities) is the debut feature film co-directed by Cuban director-actors Jorge Perugorría and Vladimir Cruz. They also both play the main roles in the film, a psychological drama. Cruz was also the screenwriter of the film, which is an adaptation of the Reynaldo Montero novel Música de cámara (chamber music).
Afinidades was mostly filmed in Guamá, in Cuba's Ciénaga de Zapata region, with some parts shot in a studio built in Santa Fe, Havana. It premiered on 4 December 2010 at the Festival internacional de cine de La Habana.

## Plot

The plot is around two couples. One pair is Perugorría and Spanish actress Cuca Escribano; the other is Cruz and Gabriela Griffith. Film takes place inland on fresh water, a great opportunity to meditate about the human being and its complexities, facing emptiness and the lack of rational explanation for many of the problems of the contemporary world, sometimes appearing that the only way out is to take refuge in instincts and sex. But the result is ephemeral and the attempt has unforeseeable consequences.

## Cast

* Jorge Perugorría
* Vladimir Cruz
* Cuca Escribano
* Gabriela Griffith
# Treaty of Canton

The Treaty of Canton (Chinese: 中瑞廣州條約, Swedish: Fördraget i Kanton) was the first unequal treaty between Sweden-Norway and the Chinese Empire. The treaty was negotiated in March 1847 by Carl Fredrik Liljevalch and Qiying, the Viceroy of Liangguang, and was one of the unequal treaties between Western powers and China that followed the First Opium War.
The treaty was actually never ratified by Chinese representatives, which cast a shadow over the legality of the outcome, but nevertheless went into effect, lasting the following 60 years.

## Provisions

Its terms, similar to the 1844 Treaty of Wanghia between the United States and China, provided that Sweden-Norway would have the same privileges in China as other treaty powers, so-called most-favored-nation status. Like the United States and British Empire before it, commercial access was granted to the five treaty ports of Canton (Guangzhou), Amoy, Fuzhou, Ningbo and Shanghai. This was in stark contrast to previous Western relations with China, when only Canton was open for foreign trade. Like other Western countries, extraterritorial rights was given to Sweden-Norway; jurisdiction over citizens of Sweden and Norway in the treaty ports was transferred from China to Sweden-Norway. The treaty furthermore allowed Sweden-Norway to send consuls to China, and to have its commerce being subjected to fixed tariffs only. The provisions of the treaty remained in force until the twentieth century, with a new treaty being negotiated in 1908 by Gustav Oscar Wallenberg, three years after the dissolution of Sweden-Norway.
# The Last Christeros

The Last Christeros (Spanish: Los Últimos Cristeros) is a 2011 Mexican Western drama film, produced, directed and written by Matías Meyer.
The film premiered at the 2011 Toronto International Film Festival. The film received eight nominations at the 55th Ariel Awards including Best Picture and Best Director for Meyer.

## Awards and nominations

| Award / Film Festival | Date of ceremony | Category | Recipients | Result |
| Ariel Awards | 2013 | Best Picture | LUC Producciones | Nominated |
| Ariel Awards | 2013 | Best Director | Matías Meyer | Nominated |
| Ariel Awards | 2013 | Best Adapted Screenplay | Matías Meyer and Israel Cárdenas | Nominated |
| Ariel Awards | 2013 | Best Editing | León Felipe González | Nominated |
| Ariel Awards | 2013 | Best Sound | Alejandro de Icaza and Raúl Locatelli | Nominated |
| Ariel Awards | 2013 | Best Original Score | Galo Durán | Nominated |
| Ariel Awards | 2013 | Best Costume Design | Nohemí González | Nominated |
| Ariel Awards | 2013 | Best Makeup | Iñaki Legaspi | Nominated |
# Zinaida Sharko

Zinaida Maximovna Sharko (Russian: Зинаида Максимовна Шарко; 14 May 1929 – 4 August 2016) was a Russian actress of theatre and film. She was a member of Bolshoi Drama Theatre, and was awarded People's Artist of the RSFSR in 1980.

## Biography

After the start of World War II she took part in concerts for the wounded in the hospitals, with a children's song and dance ensemble. For these concerts, a total of 900, she was awarded the medal For valorous work in the Great Patriotic War, which always considered later would call the most expensive of its awards.
In 1951 she graduated from the Leningrad Theatrical Institute. While studying, in 1950–1951 she performed with the Leningrad regional theater, and after graduation worked at the Lenconcert Theatre (1951–1952) and at the Lensovet Theatre (1952–1956). After 1956 she had a six-decade-long career with the Tovstonogov Bolshoi Drama Theater.

## Death

She died on 4 August 2016 at the age of 87.

## Selected filmography

* Old Khottabych (1956) as ice cream seller
* The Long Farewell (1971) as Yegenia Vasilievna Ustinova
* Day of Admittance on Personal Matters (1974) as Sofia Mikhailovna
* Other People's Letters (1975) as Angelina Grigoryevna Egorova
* Retired Colonel (1975) as Anastasia Petrovna
* Always with Me (1976) as Nina Romanovna
* Jump from the Roof (1977) as Ksyusha's grandmother, neighbor
* The Nose (1977) as Staff Officer Podtochina
* Random Passenger (1978) as Kamelia Nikolaevna
* The Dog in the Manger (1978) as Anarda
* Autumn Story (1979) as Nadezhda Romanovna, inspector of the City Department of Education
* Sergey Ivanovich Retires (1980) as Ksenia
* Space for Maneuver (1982) as Anna Arkadievna
* Formula of Memory (1982) as Vera Alekseevna Svetlova
* Unique (1983) as Pavlik's Mother
* I Remember You (1985) as Asya, mother of Kim and Marat
* Flight of the Bird (1988) as Iraida Stepanovna
* Short Game (1990) as Valera Dyakov's mother
* Arithmetic of a Murder (1991) as Varvara Petrovna
* Rin. The Legend of the Icon (1992) as Apollonia, abbess
* The Circus Burned Down, and the Clowns Have Gone (1998) as Zoya Vasilievna
* Composition for Victory Day (1998) as Nina
* National Security Agent (1999) as Lyudmila Grigoryevna Petrashkul
* Bandit Petersburg 2 (2000) as Dusya
* The Garden Was Full of Moon (2000) as Vera Andreevna
* Mechanical Suite (2001) as Plyuganovsky's mother
* Theatrical Novel (2003) as Nastasya Ivanovna Koldybaeva
* Russian Amazons 2 (2003) as Olga Sergeevna
* Lines of Fate (2003) as Nyura
* Bad Habit (2004) as aunt Klava
* The Bet (2005) as Tatyana Alekseevna Kuzina
* Dunechka (2005) as Dunechka's grandmother
* Sonya With Golden Hands (2007) as Manka Portovaya
* Dealer (2009) as Efrosinya Semyonovna
* Behind Kefir (2013) as old woman
# Finnish Artillery Regiment

The Finnish Artillery Regiment (Swedish: Finska artilleriregementet, Finnish: Suomen tykistörykmentti), designated A 4, was an artillery regiment of the Swedish Army, that traced its origins back to the 17th century. It was disbanded in 1811. The regiment's soldiers were recruited from Finland, and it was also garrisoned there.

## History

The regiment has its origins in the Artillery Regiment raised in 1636. That regiment was split into four new regiments in 1794 of which the Finnish Artillery Regiment was one. It was mainly garrisoned in Helsinki. Part of the regiment was transferred to Sweden and was garrisoned in Gävle as the Former Finnish Artillery Regiment after the Finnish War in 1809. The regiment was then disbanded two years later in 1811 when two companies were incorporated into Svea Artillery Regiment and three companies were incorporated into Wendes Artillery Regiment.
The present-day Artillery Brigade of the Finnish Defence Forces considers itself a successor unit of the Finska artilleriregementet.

## Name, designation and garrison

| Name | Translation | From | | To |
| Finska artilleriregementet | Finnish Artillery Regiment | 1794-06-23 | – | 1809 |
| F d finska artilleriregementet | Former Finnish Artillery Regiment | 1809 | – | 1811 |
| Designation | From | | To |
| No designation | | – | |
| Training ground or garrison town | From | | To |
| Helsinki (G) | 1794-06-23 | – | 1809 |
| Gävle (G) | 1809 | – | 1811 |
# Kikorongo

Kikorongo, also Kikorongo Junction, is a settlement in Kasese District, in the Western Region of Uganda.

## Location

The town is located on the Fort Portal–Kasese–Mpondwe Road, about 25 kilometres (16 mi) south of Kasese. This is about 38 kilometres (24 mi) east of Mpondwe, the town at the international border with DR Congo. The coordinates of Kikorongo are: 0°00'00.0"N, 29°59'55.0"E (Latitude:0.000005; Longitude:29.998618). As one can deduce from the latitude, the settlement sits directly at the Equator.

## Points of interest

The Fort Portal–Kasese–Mpondwe Road joins the Kikorongo–Ishaka Road at Kikorongo.
# Jowz-e Kangari

Jowz-e Kangari (Persian: جوز كنگري) is a village in, and the capital of, Khafri Rural District of the Central District of Sepidan County, Fars province, Iran. The previous capital of the rural district was the village of Bahr Ghan.

## Demographics
### Population

At the time of the 2006 National Census, the village's population was 337 in 78 households. The following census in 2011 counted 363 people in 106 households. The 2016 census measured the population of the village as 440 people in 123 households.
# All-Amhara People's Organization

The All-Amhara People's Organization or AAPO is an ethnic based political party in Ethiopia, created in 1993 by Asrat Woldeyes.

## Creation

The All-Amhara People's Organization was created by Asrat Woldeyes in 1993 to try to limit the domination of Ethiopian politics by the Tigray People's Liberation Front (TPLF) that took power after the 1991 overthrow of the dictator Mengistu Haile-Mariam.

## 2000s

In the federal elections on 15 May 2005, the party was part of the United Ethiopian Democratic Forces, that won 52 out of 527 seats in the Council of People's Representatives.
# Gedeo People's Democratic Party

The Gedeo People's Democratic Party (Amharic: የጌዲዮን ህዝቦች ዲሞክራሲያዊ ፓርቲ, GPDP), also formerly known as Gedeo People's Democratic Organization (GPDO), is a political party in Ethiopia founded in 1992 as part of Southern Ethiopia Peoples' Democratic Coalition which includes several ethnic-based party. As a proponent of ethnic federalism, the GPDP has an ideology of Gedeo people interests in response to perceived discrimination and marginalization against the people due to ethnic conflicts and environmental crisis. It is an opposition group of the ruling party Prosperity Party with no party leader.
In the 2021 Ethiopian general election, GPDP won two seats in the House of Peoples' Representatives as well as 14 seats in SNNPR regional council, making the largest legislative body in the region.