OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Kees Schalker

Cornelis Johannes Pieter "Kees" Schalker (31 July 1890 – 13 January 1942) was a Dutch communist politician and resistance fighter against Nazi occupation.
Schalker attended the elementary and commercial evening school in Delft and worked there as a commercial clerk until 1933. In 1914 he joined the Social Democratic Workers' Party (SDAP) but in 1916, switched to the Orthodox Marxist Social Democratic Party (SDP), which was renamed the Communist Party of Holland (CPH) in November 1918 and the Communist Party of the Netherlands (CPN) in 1935.
From December 1919 to April 1929 Schalker was a member of the Delft municipal council and from September 1931 to July 1937 of the Amsterdam municipal council. From July 1933 to June 1937 he was a member of the Second Chamber of the Dutch Parliament, where he was his party's spokesman for agriculture and foreign policy. In his position Schalker also defended the interests of German refugees from Nazi Germany and criticized the Dutch government's cooperation with the Gestapo.
In 1925 Schalker was elected to the Central Committee (CC) of the CPN. In 1929/30 Schalker worked as secretary of the South Holland Provincial Committee of the CPH. From 1930 he was political secretary of the Central Committee of the CPN. At the VII World Congress of the Comintern in the summer of 1935 he was elected a candidate for the Executive Committee of the Communist International. In 1937/1938 he represented the CPN at the Comintern in Moscow. In 1938 he became secretary of the Central Committee of the CPN and was chairman of the Rotterdam CPN from 1938 until his death. In 1939/40 he was a member of the Rotterdam municipal council.
After the occupation of the Netherlands by the Germany in May 1940, Schalker became a member of the illegal leadership of the CPN and organizer of the illegal party newspaper De Waarheid, which first appeared in November 1940. He took an active part in the resistance against the Nazi occupiers, being in charge of the underground communist resistance in the region of The Hague, also known as the De Vonk group, which led to his capture and arrest in Utrecht on 14 November 1943 and imprisoned in the Scheveningen prison - the so-called "Oranjehotel". On 12 February 1944 he was shot in the Waalsdorpervlakte as part of German reprisals to Dutch resistance attacks in Rotterdam. In 1946 his body was found during an excavation and officially interred at the Crooswijk General Cemetery.
# Tungsten(III) oxide

Tungsten(III) oxide (W$_2$O$_3$) is a compound of tungsten and oxygen. It has been reported (2006) as being grown as a thin film by atomic layer deposition at temperatures between 140 and 240 °C using W$_2$(N(CH$_3$)$_2$)$_6$ as a precursor. It is not referred to in major textbooks. Some older literature refers to the compound W$_2$O$_3$ but as the atomic weight of tungsten was believed at the time to be 92 (i.e., approximately half the modern accepted value of 183.84) the compound actually being referred to was WO$_3$.
Reports about the compound date back to at least the 1970s, but only in as thin films or surfaces – no bulk synthesis of the material is known.

## Usage

Tungsten(III) oxide is used in various types of infrared absorbing coatings and foils.
# Kota Sentosa

Kota Sentosa is a state constituency in Sarawak, Malaysia, that has been represented in the Sarawak State Legislative Assembly since 2006.
The state constituency was created in the 2005 redistribution and is mandated to return a single member to the Sarawak State Legislative Assembly under the first past the post voting system.

## History
### Polling districts

According to the gazette issued on 31 October 2022, the Kota Sentosa constituency has a total of 6 polling districts.
| State constituency | Polling Districts | Code | Location |
| Kota Sentosa (N12) | Stampin | 196/12/01 | Balai Raya Kpg. Stampin SJK (C) Chung Hua No. 2 |
| Kota Sentosa (N12) | Seledah | 196/12/02 | SJK (C) Stampin |
| Kota Sentosa (N12) | Satria Jaya | 196/12/03 | SK Satria Jaya SK Sg. Stutong |
| Kota Sentosa (N12) | Batu Tujoh | 196/12/04 | SJK (C) Sam Hap Hin SK St. Alban SJK (C) Chung Hua Stampin (Sg. Tapang) |
| Kota Sentosa (N12) | Hui Sing | 196/12/05 | SMK Datuk Patinggi Haji Abdul Ghapor Stampin |
| Kota Sentosa (N12) | Batu Empat | 196/12/06 | SJK (C) Chung Hu Batu 4 ½ |

### Representation history

Members of the Legislative Assembly for Kota Sentosa :
| Assembly | Years | Member | Party |
| Constituency created from Batu Lintang ||||
| 16th | 2006-2011 | Chong Chieng Jen | PR (DAP) |
| 17th | 2011-2016 | Chong Chieng Jen | PR (DAP) |
| 18th | 2016-2021 | Chong Chieng Jen | PH (DAP) |
| 19th | 2021–present | Yap Yau Sin | GPS (SUPP) |
# Arı

Arı (Tatar: Ары, romanized: Arı, Russian: Ислейтар) is a rural locality (a selo) in Ätnä District, Tatarstan. The population was 333 as of 2010.

## Geography

Arı is located 25 km northwest of Olı Ätnä, the district's administrative centre, and 99 km north of Qazan, the republic's capital, by road.

## History

The earliest known record of the settlement dates from 1710.
From 18th to the first half of the 19th centuries village's residents belonged to the social estate of state peasants.
By the beginning of the twentieth century, the village had a mosque, a windmill, a blacksmith shop and 4 small shops.
Before the creation of the Tatar ASSR in 1920, it was a part of Çar Uyezd of Qazan Governorate. Since 1920 was a part of Arça Canton; after the creation of districts in Tatar ASSR (Tatarstan) in Tuqay (1930–1935), Tuqay (former Qızıl Yul) (1935–1963), Arça (1963–1990) and Ätnä districts.
# Thap Yao subdistrict

Thap Yao (Thai: ทับยาว, pronounced) is a khwaeng (subdistrict) of Lat Krabang District, in Bangkok, Thailand. In 2019, it had a total population of 30,426 people.
# Army Group Mackensen (Poland)

The Army Group Mackensen (German: Heeresgruppe Mackensen, HGr. Mackensen) which operated in Poland between 22 April 1915 and 8 September 1915 during World War I under the command of Field Marshal August von Mackensen, was an army group of the Imperial German Army.
On 8 September 1915 it was renamed Army Group Linsingen when Alexander von Linsingen became its new commander. In June 1916, the Army Group faced the Brusilov Offensive. After an initial retreat, it checked the Russian advance at the Battle of Kowel. After the signing of the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk in March 1918, the Army Group occupied Ukraine.
On 31 March 1918, von Linsingen was replaced by Hermann von Eichhorn and the Army Group was renamed Army Group Eichhorn-Kiev (German: Heeresgruppe Eichhorn-Kiew). It was again renamed on 3 April to Army Group Eichhorn and a last time on 13 August to Army Group Kiev after the murder of General Eichhorn. His successor was Günther von Kirchbach. The Army Group was disbanded on 7 February 1919.

## Composition April – September 1915

* German Eleventh Army (August von Mackensen)
* Austro-Hungarian Fourth Army (Archduke Joseph Ferdinand of Austria)
* Austro-Hungarian Second Army (Eduard von Böhm-Ermolli), from June 1915
* German Army of the Bug (Alexander von Linsingen), from 8 July 1915

## Composition September 1915 – March 1918

* Austro-Hungarian Fourth Army (Archduke Joseph Ferdinand of Austria, succeeded by Karl Tersztyánszky von Nádas)
* German Bug Army (Alexander von Linsingen)

## Sources

* "Die Deutschen Heeresgruppen im Ersten Weltkrieg". German Federal Archives. Google Arts & Culture. Retrieved 3 September 2016.
* HGr. Mackensen (Polen) on Genealogy.de
* This World War I article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
# Svyatoslav Zubar

Svyatoslav Ihorovych Zubar (Ukrainian: Святослав Ігорович Зубар; born 11 February 1993) is a Ukrainian professional footballer who plays as a striker.

## Career

Zubar is a product of the local youth sportive school in his native Lviv. His first trainer was Ruslan Brunets.
He began his career in the amateurs level. Then he spent a one season in the Sweden lower league club Härnösands FF. In February 2017 Zubar returned to Ukraine and signed a contract with FC Rukh Vynnyky. He was promoted, together with the team, from the Ukrainian Second League to the Ukrainian First League.
# Transylvanian Military Frontier

The Transylvanian Military Frontier (Romanian: Granița Militară Transilvăneană; German: Siebenbürgische Militärgrenze; Hungarian: Erdélyi határőrvidék) was a territory in the Habsburg monarchy. It was a section of the Habsburg Military Frontier.

## History

It was founded in 1762 from territories that had been part of the Habsburg Principality of Transylvania. After it was abolished, the territory of the Transylvanian Military Frontier was reincorporated into the principality.

## Borders

Within the Habsburg monarchy the Transylvanian Military Frontier bordered the Principality of Transylvania and the Kingdom of Hungary in the northwest, the Banatian Military Frontier in the southwest, and Bukovina (part of Galicia and Lodomeria until 1849, a separate duchy thereafter) in the northeast. It also bordered the Ottoman vassal principalities of Wallachia and Moldavia in the southeast.

## Regiments

The Transylvanian Military Frontier was composed of two Romanian regiments, two Székely regiments, and a Hussars regiment, garrisoned as follows:
* 1st Romanian Regiment [ro] at Orlat
* 2nd Romanian Regiment [ro] at Năsăud
* 1st Székely Regiment at Miercurea Ciuc
* 2nd Székely Regiment at Târgu Secuiesc
* Hussar border guards at Sfântu Gheorghe
# Mohamad al-Arefe

Muhammad bin Abdul-Rahman Al-Arifi (Arabic: محمد بن عبد الرحمن العريفي, born 15 July 1970) is a Saudi Arabian author and Da'i. He is a graduate of King Saud University, and member of the Muslim World League and the Association of Muslim Scholars.

## Social media popularity

As of 2016, Al-Arifi had over 20 million followers on Twitter.
Muslim Brotherhood affiliation was denied for Al-Arifi and Adil al-Kalbani by al-Kalbani, saying that they are affiliated with the Union of Muslim Scholars.
He said that Syria jihad is incumbent and did apologia for al-Nusra, visiting the Imam Muhammad ibn Abd al-Wahhab Mosque in Qatar.
Al-Arifi had a discussion with Saudi Deputy crown prince Mohammad bin Salman Al Saud (MBS)and then tweeted and posted a photo of them smiling together. The discussion was held on the same day as Saudi Vision 2030 began. He asked God to bless MBS and posted his thanks. Al-Arifi met with MBS again and talked with him and posted the photo of them smiling together on Twitter. They talked about the future of the Islamic world and of the Kingdom (of Saudi Arabia).
King Saud University employs Al-Arifi.
Al-Arifi's Twitter account was suspended in 2018. In February 2021 it was reported that Al-Arifi was under watch by Saudi government authorities and that his moves and actions were being followed using spy devices and a tracking knee band.

## Sanctions

In May 2013, Al-Arifi was banned from entering Switzerland for a period of 5 years, for holding extreme views, Switzerland said.
In March 2014, he was banned by the Home Office from returning to Britain after a series of sermons in Cardiff, Birmingham and London. A Home Office spokesperson said: "We can confirm “Al-Arefe” has been excluded from the United Kingdom, The Government makes no apologies for refusing people access to the UK if we believe they represent a threat to our society. Coming here is a privilege that we refuse to extend to those who seek to subvert our shared values."
Denmark banned him from entering the country for two years in May 2017.
# Boonchu Phu Narak

Boonchu Phu Narak (Thai: บุญชูผู้น่ารัก) is a 1988 Thai comedy film directed by Bhandit Rittakol and released by Five Star Production. It tells the story of Boonchu (Santisuk Promsiri), a naïve country boy from Suphan Buri who goes to Bangkok for university, and falls in love with Mo (Chintara Sukapatana), and, with his new companions, has to rescue her when she is kidnapped. The film became a phenomenal hit, earning over 10 million baht at the box office and generating a long stream of sequels over the following decade. It launched the careers of Santisuk and Chintara as an on-screen couple, and they would go on to star together in several further films. Boonchu Phu Narak was listed in the National Film Heritage Registry by the Thai Film Archive in its third listing in 2013.

## Cast

* Santisuk Promsiri as Boonchu
* Chintara Sukapatana as Molee
* Nirut Sirijanya as Boonchuay
* Arun Pawilai as Nara
* Wachara Pon-Iom as Vaiyakorn
* Yanne Jongwisut as Manee
* Kiat Kitcharoen as Yoi
* Krit Sukramongkol as Khammoon
* Juree Ohsiri as Boonlom
* Rome Isara as Inert
# Charoenrat 31 Bridge

Charoenrat 31 Bridge (Thai: สะพานเจริญรัช ๓๑) is a historic bridge was built across the south city moat known as Pak Khlong Talat. It was paired with Chaloem Sawan 58 Bridge, built across the city moat in the north (demolished in 1971 from the construction of the Phra Pinklao Bridge).
King Vajiravudh (Rama VI) gave contribution equal to his age build the bridge for public use, in the occasion of his birthday anniversary in 1910, which was also the first year of his reign. The bridge officially opened in 1911 and named "Charoenrat 31" ("the King prospered 31 years"). It was the first bridge with the name "Charoen" (the following bridge is Charoenrat 32 Bridge in Bobae area).
The bridge is reinforced concrete bridge with semicircle walls decorated with relief of tigers, symbol of Wild Tiger Corps founded by the King in the same year. Inscription of the bridge's name is surrounded by European floral design. Top of the bridge wall inscribed King Vajiravudh's royal monogram. At two ends of bridge wall are number 31, meaning the King Vajiravudh's age. The bridge is registered a national heritage by the Fine Arts Department since 1975.

## Neighbouring places

* Pak Khlong Talat
* Rajini School & Rajinee Pier (N7)
* Sanam Chai MRT station
* Phra Rachawang Police Station
# Nikos Kosis

Nikos Kosis is a Greek Cypriot politician who served as, Minister of the Interior and Defense, Minister of Justice and Public Order and as a Member of Parliament in the Nicosia District.

## Personal life

Kosis was born in the Nicosia District of Cyprus in the village of Dali on 20 May 1933. He is fluent in both the Greek and English languages and was the publisher of the newspaper "O agon". He has three children and is married to Louiza Kosi.

## Political career

He was first elected as a member of parliament in the country's first parliamentary elections in 1960 as a member of parliament for the Nicosia District under the Patriotic Front. He was re-voted in the 1970 parliamentary elections under the Eniaion party.
On 29 August 1974, he was placed as Minister of the Interior and Defense and remained in that position until 14 January 1975.
On 9 April 1997, he was made Minister of Justice and Public order and remained in that position until 24 September 2002.
# Ieuan Ddu ap Dafydd ab Owain

Ieuan Ddu ap Dafydd ab Owain (fl. 1440–1480), also known as Ieuan Dafydd Ddu and Ieuan Dafydd ab Owain, was a Welsh poet.
A number of surviving manuscripts contain cywyddau believed to have been the work of Ieuan, but the only certain example of his work appears to be the cywydd to his fellow bard, Ieuan Gethin. The first lines of some of his other writings are given in Moses Williams's Repertorium Poeticum, London, 1726, 8 vo.
As well as being remembered as an eminent poet, Ieuan was said to be "the gentleman of large estate" and a "great patron of the bards". While the name of this estate isn't recorded, local tradition states that it was the place known since the seventeenth century as Duffryn House (near Mountain Ash), and that Ieuan Ddu was an ancestor of the Bruce family. This tradition has been accepted as fact by many writers, including Iolo Morganwg.
# The Degenhardts

The Degenhardts (German: Die Degenhardts) is a 1944 German drama film directed by Werner Klingler and starring Heinrich George, Ernst Schröder and Gunnar Möller. It was shot at the Grunewald Studios in Berlin and on location in Stralsund, Lüneburg and Lübeck. The film's sets were designed by the art director Fritz Lück and Fritz Maurischat.

## Plot

Karl Degenhardt, the patriarch of a family in Lübeck, leads his wife and five children through the opening stages of Second World War, culminating in the bombing of the city on 28 March 1942 by the Royal Air Force.

## Background

The film was part of a cycle of home front films produced in Germany during the war. The film was intended to fan anti-British sentiment and prepare Germans psychologically for the destruction of their cities by Allied bombing raids and invasions. It premiered in Lübeck on 6 July 1944.

## Cast

* Heinrich George as Karl Degenhardt
* Ernst Schröder as Jochem Degenhardt
* Gunnar Möller as Detlev Degenhardt
* Ernst Legal as Herr Sartorius
* Renée Stobrawa as Mutter Degenhardt
* Wolfgang Lukschy as Robert Degenhardt
* Ilse Petri as Christine Degenhardt
* Werner Pledath as Bürgermeister Herrmann
* Erich Ziegel as Inspector
* Herwart Grosse as Herr Jürgensen
* Knut Hartwig as Kersten
* Karl Kemper as Lorenzen
* Werner Kepich as Fürhälter
* Robert Forsch as Wendelin
* Günther Körner as Otto Degenhardt
* Walter Bechmann as Herr Krüger
* Hilde Jansen as Trude Degenhardt
* Alfred Maack as Wirt
* Trude Tandar as Wirtschafterin Quandel
# On Klang

On Klang (Thai: ออนกลาง) is a tambon (subdistrict) of Mae On District, in Chiang Mai Province, Thailand. In 2018 it had a total population of 4,875 people.

## Administration
### Central administration

The tambon is subdivided into 11 administrative villages (muban).
| No. | Name | Thai |
| 01. | Ban Thung Lao | บ้านทุ่งเหล่า |
| 02. | Ban Mae Lem | บ้านแม่เลน |
| 03. | Ban Pao Sam Kha | บ้านเปาสามขา |
| 04. | Ban Wak | บ้านวาก |
| 05. | Ban Pa Tan | บ้านป่าตัน |
| 06. | Ban Pa Tan | บ้านป่าตัน |
| 07. | Ban On Klang | บ้านออนกลาง |
| 08. | Ban On Klang | บ้านออนกลาง |
| 09. | Ban On Klang | บ้านออนกลาง |
| 10. | Ban Pa Mai | บ้านป่าไม้ |
| 11. | Ban On Klang Nuea | บ้านออนกลางเหนือ |

### Local administration

The whole area of the subdistrict is covered by the subdistrict administrative organization (SAO) On Klang (องค์การบริหารส่วนตำบลออนกลาง).
# Kostrogaj

Kostrogaj is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Radzanowo, within Płock County, Masovian Voivodeship, in east-central Poland. It lies approximately 11 kilometres (7 mi) west of Radzanowo, 4 km (2 mi) north-east of Płock, and 94 km (58 mi) north-west of Warsaw.
# Aliabad-e Herati

Aliabad-e Herati (Persian: علي ابادهراتي, also Romanized as ‘Alīābād-e Herātī and ‘Alīābād-e Harātī; also known as ‘Alīābād) is a village in Ferdows Rural District, Ferdows District, Rafsanjan County, Kerman Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 196, in 49 families.
# Sandnes Church (Vestland)

Sandnes Church (Norwegian: Sandnes kyrkje, also known as Masfjorden kyrkje) is a parish church of the Church of Norway in Masfjorden Municipality in Vestland county, Norway. It is located in the village of Masfjordnes, right on the shore of the Masfjorden. It is one of the three churches in the Masfjorden parish which is part of the Nordhordland prosti (deanery) in the Diocese of Bjørgvin. The white, wooden church was built in a long church design in 1845 using plans drawn up by the architect Eiler Hagerup Holtermann who based his designs on plans drawn by Hans Linstow. The church seats about 370 people.

## History

The earliest existing historical records of the church date back to the year 1408, but the church was not new that year. There has been a church on this site for many centuries. The first church was a wooden stave church likely from the 12th century. It is not known exactly when the first church was built, but the baptismal font in the church is dated to the 1100s, so that is likely when the church was first established. The old church was eventually torn down (probably during the early 1600s) and it was replaced with a timber-framed long church. This new church had a 12-by-9-metre (39 ft × 30 ft) nave and a 7-by-7-metre (23 ft × 23 ft) choir. An inspection of the church in 1686 showed that the old church was quite dilapidated and in very poor condition and in need of repairs. The church was repaired, including the removal and replacement of the entire church porch in 1693–1695.
By the 1840s, the church was deemed to be too small for the parish. The new church was designed by the pastor Eiler Hagerup Holtermann, who was the brother of the architect Peter Høier Holtermann. Holtermann based his work on Hans Linstow's standardized church drawings. In 1845, the old church was torn down and the new church was built on the same site. The new church was completed in the fall of 1845 and it was consecrated on 14 October 1845. In 1882, a small sacristy was built on the southeast side of the choir. A new church porch with stairs up to the organ gallery was built in 1912. In 1964–1965, the sacristy extension from 1882 received a new foundation and it was extended to include a church hall that included a lower basement level.
# Telyakey-Kubovo

Telyakey-Kubovo (Russian: Телякей-Кубово; Bashkir: Теләкәй-Ҡобау, Teläkäy-Qobaw) is a rural locality (a village) in Kanly-Turkeyevsky Selsoviet, Buzdyaksky District, Bashkortostan, Russia. The population was 44 as of 2010. There are 3 streets.

## Geography

Telyakey-Kubovo is located 26 km southwest of Buzdyak (the district's administrative centre) by road. Kazaklar-Kubovo is the nearest rural locality.
# Agresphon

Agresphon (Ancient Greek: Ἀγρέσφων), or possibly Agreophon, was an ancient Greek grammarian mentioned in the Suda. He wrote a work on persons with homonymous names, sometimes called in English On Namesakes (Περὶ Ὁμωνύμων).
Agresphon cannot have lived earlier than the reign of Hadrian, as in his work he spoke of an Apollonius who lived in the time of that emperor. Scholars generally date him to the late 3rd or early 4th century.
Agresphon's book on homonymous people was thought to have been similar to, or perhaps dependent upon, a work by Demetrius of Magnesia, which bears the same title, and was written around the 1st century BC. There is some debate as to whether his name was properly "Agresphon" or "Agreophon".
Another, unrelated Agreophon who was father of Zenon around the 3rd century BC is mentioned frequently in the papyri of the Zenon Archive.
# Skøelv Chapel

Skøelv Chapel (Norwegian: Skøelv kapell) is a chapel of the Church of Norway in Sørreisa Municipality in Troms county, Norway. It is located in the village of Skøelva. It is an annex chapel for the Sørreisa parish which is part of the Senja prosti (deanery) in the Diocese of Nord-Hålogaland. The white, wooden chapel was built in a long church style in 1966 using plans drawn up by the architect Petter Bratli. The chapel seats about 150 people.
# Biryukov

Biryukov (Russian: Бирюков) and Biryukova (Russian: Бирюкова; feminine) is a common Russian surname derived from the word "бирюк" (lone wolf).
People with this surname include:
* Alex Biryukov, cryptographer
* Vladimir Pavlovich Biryukov (1888–1971), folklorist
* Vladimir Afanasyevich Biryukov (1933–2021), Russian politician
* Igors Birjukovs (born 1986), Latvian hockey player
* Mikhail Biryukov (disambiguation), several people
* Vladislav Biryukov, (born 1972), Russian mineralogist and journalist
* Yury Biryukov (composer) (1908—1976), Soviet Russian composer.
* Yury Biryukov (artist) (1940–2011), Ukrainian artist, author emblem of Zhytomyr
* Yury Biryukov (born 1948), Russian lawyer and politician
* Yury Biryukov (volunteer) (born 1974) Ukrainian volunteer, founder of "Wings Phoenix"
* Anna Biryukova (born 1967), Soviet and Russian triple jumper
* Svetlana Biryukova (born 1991), Russian long jumper
* Vera Biryukova (born 1998), Russian rhythmic gymnast and 2016 Olympic gold medalist
* Nikolai Biryukov (1901-1980), Soviet general
* Anatoly Biryukov (fl. 1977), Soviet serial killer
* Denis Biryukov (born 1988), Russian volleyball player