# International Congress of Anthropology and Prehistoric Archaeology

The International Congress of Anthropology and Prehistoric Archaeology (French: Congrès international d'anthropologie et d'archéologie préhistoriques) was an international conference focused on the study of human origins, prehistoric cultures, and archaeological findings.

## History

It was established on the initiative of Gabriel de Mortillet and Édouard Desor in La Spezia, Italy. Other founding members include Giovanni Capellini, Emilio Cornalia, and Antonio Stoppani. This meeting of the Società Italiana di Scienze Naturali (English: Italian Society of Natural Science) in 1865 led to the creation of the International Paleoethnologic Congress (French: Congrès paléoethnologique international (CPI).

### First International Congress

In 1866, the first International Paleoethnologic Congress was held in the town of Neuchâtel in Switzerland. Swiss naturalist Pierre Jean Édouard Desor was the president of the Organizing Committee.

### Second International Congress

In Paris, France, the name of the 1867 congress was changed to the International Congress of Prehistoric Anthropology and Archaeology (French: Congrès international d'anthropologie et d'archéologie préhistoriques (CIAAP).

### Third International Congress

The third congress took place in Norwich on August 20, 1868, and closed in London on August 28. Sir John Lubbock, 1st Baron Avebury served as the president of the Organizing Committee.

### Fourth International Congress

In 1869, 340 participants from 17 European and American countries convened at the fourth congress in Copenhagen, Denmark, from August 27 to September 5. Danish archaeologist Jens Jacob Asmussen Worsaae presided over the organizing committee.

### Fifth International Congress

The fifth International Anthropological and Archaeological Congress was held in Bologna, Italy in 1871 and established the Archaeological Civic Museum of Bologna. Giovanni Gozzadini, an Italian archaeologist, chaired the organizing committee.

### Seventh International Congress

Opening on August 7, 1874, the seventh International Congress took place in Stockholm. At the Swedish House of Nobility, the conference was commenced by Count Henning Hamilton who was the Grand Chancellor of the Universities of Sweden and President of the Organizing Committee.

### Eighth International Congress

In 1876, Budapest hosted the International Congress from September 4 to September 11. The Organizing Committee was led by Ferenc Pulszky, Professor F.F. Romer served as secretary, and Sándor Havas was the treasurer. Franz Joseph I of Austria was the 'protecteur de la session' or honorary patron.

### Ninth International Congress

From September 20 to September 29, 1880, the ninth session of the Congrés Internacional d'Anthropologie et d'Archéologie Préhistoriques (CIAAP) was held in Lisbon, Portugal. Portuguese politician João de Andrade Corvo was the president, Teixeira de Aragão served as treasurer, and Portuguese geologist Carlos Ribeiro acted as the secretary of the Organizing Committee. The honorary president of the session was Ferdinand II of Portugal. The congress members visited the Caves of Poço Velho.

### Thirteenth International Congress

From April 16 to April 21, 1906, at Monaco, the International Congress held its thirteenth conference by invitation of Albert I, Prince of Monaco. 400 members met at the Oceanographic Museum of Monaco. The next congress didn't occur until six years later.

### Fourteenth International Congress

Held in Geneva, Switzerland, the fourteenth Congress, led by Professor Eugène Pittard, took place from September 9 to 14, 1912. It brought together 149 delegates from 112 institutions and 20 nations, with 12 nations sending official government delegates.

### Fifteenth International Congress

In 1915, the Fifteenth Congress was held in Madrid, Spain.

## Congress locations and dates

| Number | Year | Location |
| 1st | 1866 | Neuchâtel, Switzerland |
| 2nd | 1867 | Paris, France |
| 3rd | 1868 | Norwich/London, England |
| 4th | 1869 | Copenhagen, Denmark |
| 5th | 1871 | Bologna, Italy |
| 6th | 1872 | Brussels, Belgium |
| 7th | 1874 | Stockholm, Sweden |
| 8th | 1876 | Budapest, Hungary |
| 9th | 1880 | Lisbon, Portugal |
| 10th | 1889 | Paris, France |
| 11th | 1892 | Moscow, Russia |
| 12th | 1900 | Paris, France |
| 13th | 1906 | Monaco |
| 14th | 1912 | Geneva, Switzerland |
| 15th | 1915 | Madrid, Spain |