OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Meki

Meki (Amharic: መቂ; Oromo: Maqii) is a town in east-central Ethiopia. Located in the East Shewa Zone of the Oromia Region, it has a latitude and longitude of 8°9′N 38°49′E﻿ / ﻿8.150°N 38.817°E﻿ / 8.150; 38.817 with an elevation of 1636 meters above sea level. Meki is the administrative center of Dugda woreda.

## History

Visitors in early 1927 found that there was a kind of bridge over the Meki River near the town which could be crossed by a motorcar. The bridge was the creation of a foreign farmer, who had modified a large tree trunk which had grown more or less across the river.
News sources reported in March 1974 that, as part of the Derg, peasants near Meki rose up against local landlords, settling old grievances. At least 15 persons were reportedly killed: about ten victims had been hacked to death with knives and spears, and the bodies of three people were found in wells. The police regained control after killing a dozen peasants and arresting hundreds.

## Demographics

Based on figures from the Central Statistical Agency in 2005, Meki has an estimated total population of 36,597 of whom 18,422 are men and 18,175 are women. The 1994 national census reported this town had a total population of 20,460 of whom 9,991 were males and 10,469 were females.

## Catholic Church services

The Apostolic Vicariate of Meki of the Catholic Church has its headquarters in Meki, which also runs a local high school in the town, Meki Catholic School (MCS), and the Community of Saint Paul, a Catholic Association of the Christian faithful, has a presence there. The Kidist Mariam Pastoral Centre provides training courses for vulnerable women including food preparation, tailoring and hairdressing.
# Tianxian, Shehong

Tianxian (Chinese: 天仙; pinyin: Tiānxiān) is a town under the administration of Shehong, Sichuan, China. As of 2023, it administers Tianxiansi Community (天仙寺社区), Taixing Community (太兴社区), and the following seventeen villages:
* Tianhe Village (天和村)
* Sile Village (四乐村)
* Longfeng Village (龙丰村)
* Baima Village (白马村)
* Feiyue Village (飞跃村)
* Tianfu Village (天福村)
* Shuangmiao Village (双庙村)
* Dashi Village (大石村)
* Fengming Village (凤鸣村)
* Yuzhenguan Village (玉贞观村)
* Shuangqing Village (双青村)
* Qinglongzhui Village (青龙嘴村)
* Taiping Village (太平村)
* Wenchang Village (文昌村)
* Sanqing Village (三清村)
* Shengxue Village (圣学村)
* Erjiaosi Village (二教寺村)
# Tushan, Sichuan

Tushan (Chinese: 涂山; pinyin: Túshān) is a town under the administration of Jiange County, Sichuan, China. As of 2023, it administers Tushan Village, Taihe Village (太和村), Houzipu Village (厚子铺村), Guan'erpu Village (罐儿铺村), Donghe Village (东河村), and Yingxin Village (迎新村).
# Fereej Bin Durham

Fereej Bin Durham (Arabic: فريج بن درهم; also spelled as Fereej bin Derhem) is a Qatari district in the municipality of Ad Dawhah. Together with Al Mansoura, it makes up Qatar's Zone 25, which has a population of 37,082.
The district is in close proximity to Doha's business center and logistics focal points on the east coast, such as Hamad International Airport and Grand Hamad Street, making it a popular choice for commercial operators to set up in. It is also relatively close to some of Doha's major population centers such as Mushayrib. Bin Dirham Plaza, developed by Just Real Estate, is one such major project to capitalize on Fereej Bin Durham's location, having launched as a major 7-storey office project in 2017.

## Landmarks

* Ansar Gallery on Al Bukhari Street. Ansar Group established the Ansar Gallery Supercenter in October 2011, over an area of 30,000 square feet.
* Qatar Billiards and Snooker Federation on Rawdat Al Khail Street.
* Al Muntazah Plaza Hotel on Rawdat Al Khail Street.
* QatarEnergy office on B Ring Road.

## Education

The following school is located in Fereej Bin Durham:
| Name of School | Curriculum | Grade | Genders | Official Website | Ref |
| Pearling Season International School | British | Kindergarten – Secondary | Both | Official website | |
# Conisterium

A conisterium (or conisterion) (Greek: κονιστἠριον) was an apartment in Greek and Roman gymnasiums. It was where sand or dust was stored, for use by wrestlers after they had been anointed with oil. They would either sprinkle it on themselves, or a slave would do it. The purpose of this was so that during a fight, the oil or sweat would not prevent a wrestler from having a good grip on his opponent. After a fight, or exercise, the powder was rubbed off with strigils, before the wrestler had a bath.
The conisterium was built after the coryceum and next to a cold bath called frigida lavatio. Conisteriums were also found in palaestras. In the palaestra of Vitruvius, for instance, the gymnasium chambers were built on the right side while the elaeothesium, tepidarium, and an unidentified chamber on the left.
# Xiangyang, Guanghan

Xiangyang (Chinese: 向阳) is a town of Guanghan, Sichuan, China. As of 2018, it has two residential communities and 15 villages under its administration.
# Sui'an

Sui'an (simplified Chinese: 绥安; traditional Chinese: 綏安; pinyin: Suí'ān; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Sui-an) is a town in and the county seat of Zhangpu County, in far southern Fujian province, China. It is the seat of Zhangpu's government, Lower People's Court and local branches of CPC and PSB.

## Transportation

Zhangpu Railway Station on the Xiamen–Shenzhen Railway is a few kilometers to the west of town.
The county town is reached by China National Highway 324, and by the provincial-govt-maintained road coming down from the Pinghe county-town to Jiuzhen harbour.
# Wang Nuea subdistrict

Wang Nuea (Thai: วังเหนือ) is a tambon (subdistrict) of Wang Nuea District, in Lampang Province, Thailand. In 2016 it had a population of 6,963 people.

## Administration
### Central administration

The tambon is subdivided into nine administrative villages (mubans).
| No. | Name | Thai |
| 01. | Ban Huai Kiang | บ้านห้วยเกี๋ยง |
| 02. | Ban Mai Phatthana | บ้านใหม่พัฒนา |
| 03. | Ban Huai Khoi | บ้านห้วยข่อย |
| 04. | Ban Thung Pao | บ้านทุ่งเป้า |
| 05. | Ban Phae Tai | บ้านแพะใต้ |
| 06. | Ban Mai | บ้านใหม่ |
| 07. | Ban Mae Hiao | บ้านแม่เฮียว |
| 08. | Ban Pa Hiang | บ้านป่าเหียง |
| 09. | Ban Khan Hom | บ้านขันหอม |

### Local administration

The area of the subdistrict is shared by three local governments.
* the subdistrict municipality (Thesaban Tambon) Ban Mai (เทศบาลตำบลบ้านใหม่)
* the subdistrict municipality (Thesaban Tambon) Wang Nuea (เทศบาลตำบลวังเหนือ)
* the subdistrict administrative organization (SAO) Wang Nuea (องค์การบริหารส่วนตำบลวังเหนือ)
# Young Greens of Greece

Neoi Prasinoi (Greek: Νέοι Πράσινοι, Young Greens) is a non-partisan political youth organization in Greece, a member of the Federation of Young European Greens, consisting of ecologically and politically restless youngsters. The Federation of Young European Greens is the Youth Wing of the European Green Party.

## History & Aims

Neoi Prasinoi were founded by young members of the Ecologist Greens in January 2008, rather than by the party itself. Neoi Prasinoi have entered a transitional period in July 2014 with the direct election of the temporary Coordination Committee, mandated with the realization of the decisions of the 15th of July. These decisions included reforming Neoi Prasinoi into a non-partisan political youth in Greece, as well as the preparation of a Statute for Neoi Prasinoi. The term of the temporary Coordination Committee ended at the 1st Conference of Neoi Prasinoi, which adopted the Statute and elected a Coordination Committee with a full term. Neoi Prasinoi are to this day the only non-partisan political youth in Greece, a pioneering endeavour in itself.
Neoi Prasinoi fight climate change and strive for the protection of the environment, animal rights and the sustainability of our societies, without sidelining social liberties, non-violence, paideia, racism and the rule of law, social justice and democracy
Neoi Prasinoi aim at change through the changing of mentalities and behaviours in our daily lives. They seek to collectively support new models of social relations, far more ecological and with more solidarity. As part of the green movement, they strive to change political choices and priorities, along with the other emancipation.
# Fotia

Fotia (Greek: Φωτιά, 'fire') may refer to:
* Fotia (album), an album by singer Anna Vissi
* Fotia (island), an uninhabited Greek islet in the Libyan Sea
* "Fotiá" (song), a 2021 song by Evangelia and Eleni Foureira
* "Sti fotia", a song by Alexandros Panayi; the Cypriot entry in the 1995 Eurovision Song Contest
# Mardik Tchaparian

Mardiros Tchaparian (Arabic: مارديروس تشاباريان), commonly known as Mardik (Arabic: مارديك), is a Lebanese former footballer who played as a striker.
Active during the 1950s and 1960s, he used to play as a striker for Homenmen at club level. He was the top scorer in the 1960–61 Lebanese Premier League, scoring 15 goals during the season. Mardik also represented the Lebanon national team, scoring a hat-trick in the 1963 Arab Cup.

## International career

On 29 February 1956, Mardik scored against Hungary after an individual effort; Lebanon lost 4–1. Hungarian forward Ferenc Puskás congratulated Mardik, and stated that he has the technique to be able to play in Europe. Following the incident, the Lebanese press nicknamed Mardik "the Lebanese Puskás".

## Career statistics
### International

| Goal | Date | Venue | Opponent | Score | Result | Competition |
| 1 | 29 February 1956 | Beirut Municipal Stadium, Beirut, Lebanon | Hungary | – | 1–4 | Friendly |
| 2 | 22 October 1957 | Camille Chamoun Stadium, Beirut, Lebanon | Jordan | – | 6–0 | 1957 Pan Arab Games |
| 3 | 22 October 1957 | Camille Chamoun Stadium, Beirut, Lebanon | Jordan | – | 6–0 | 1957 Pan Arab Games |
| 4 | 26 January 1962 | Kuwait University Stadium, Shuwaikh, Kuwait | Kuwait | 2–0 | 5–0 | Friendly |
| 5 | 26 January 1962 | Kuwait University Stadium, Shuwaikh, Kuwait | Kuwait | 5–0 | 5–0 | Friendly |
| 6 | 29 January 1962 | Kuwait University Stadium, Shuwaikh, Kuwait | Kuwait | – | 3–0 | Friendly |
| 7 | 29 January 1962 | Kuwait University Stadium, Shuwaikh, Kuwait | Kuwait | – | 3–0 | Friendly |
| 8 | 31 March 1963 | Camille Chamoun Stadium, Beirut, Lebanon | Kuwait | 2–0 | 6–0 | 1963 Arab Cup |
| 9 | 31 March 1963 | Camille Chamoun Stadium, Beirut, Lebanon | Kuwait | 4–0 | 6–0 | 1963 Arab Cup |
| 10 | 31 March 1963 | Camille Chamoun Stadium, Beirut, Lebanon | Kuwait | 5–0 | 6–0 | 1963 Arab Cup |

## Honours

Homenmen
* Lebanese Premier League: 1954, 1957, 1961
Lebanon
* Pan Arab Games third place: 1957
* Arab Cup third place: 1963
Individual
* Lebanese Premier League top goalscorer: 1960–61
# Matti Meriläinen

Matti Meriläinen (26 November 1889 - 9 September 1963) was a Finnish farmer and politician, born in Sotkamo. He was a member of the Parliament of Finland from 1945 to 1954 and again from 1958 to 1962, representing the Finnish People's Democratic League (SKDL).
# DEC Salzburg Eagles

The DEC Salzburg Eagles are an Austrian ice hockey club in the European Women's Hockey League (EWHL). They play in Salzburg, Austria at the Eisarena Salzburg.
The club was founded as EC The Ravens Salzburg in 2001 and was the first women's ice hockey enterprise established in Salzburg. It was renamed Damen Eishockey Club (DEC) Salzburg Eagles (lit. 'Ladies' Ice Hockey Club Salzburg Eagles') in 2010.

## History

The Ravens gained promotion to the Dameneishockey-Bundesliga (DEBL) at the end of their first season, 2001–02. They made their DEBL debut in the 2002–03 season and continued in the league for the 2003–04 and 2004–05 seasons.
In 2005, they left the DEBL to join the multi-national Elite Women's Hockey League (EWHL; renamed European Women's Hockey League in 2019).

## Team honours
### Austrian Championship

The Austrian championship title was awarded to the winner of the DEBL playoffs until a separate tournament for the Austrian national ice hockey championship (German: Österreichische Eishockey-Staatsmeisterschaft) was introduced in the 2005–06 season.
* Champions (2): 2006, 2009
* Runners-up (15): 2003, 2004, 2005, 2007, 2008, 2010, 2011, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2021
* Third Place (3): 2012, 2022, 2023

### EWHL Championship

* Runners-up (5): 2006–07, 2007–08, 2009–10, 2015–16, 2016–17
* Third Place (2): 2012–13, 2014–15
# Majhi Sawaiyan

Majhi Sawaiyan (born 23 December 1981) is an athlete from India. He competes in archery.
Sawaiyan competed at the 2004 Summer Olympics in men's individual archery. Despite being ranked as number 22, he was defeated by Vic Wunderle (ranked 43rd) in the first round of elimination, placing 59th overall. Wunderle is a bronze medallist of the 2000 Olympics.
Later during the Athens games, Sawaiyan was a member of the 11th-place Indian men's archery team.
# Khlong San Thao

Khlong San Thao (Thai: คลองสันเทา, pronounced) is a watercourse in the provinces of Phetchabun and Phichit, Thailand, and part of the overall Chao Phraya River basin. It is a tributary of the Nan River in the lower Nan basin.
The watercourse is referred to by various local names including the Khlong Duea (คลองเดื่อ), Khlong Yai (คลองใหญ่), Khlong Wang Pong (คลองวังโป่ง), Khlong Phikun (คลองพิกุล), Khlong Lam Prada (คลองลำประดา), Khlong Daeng (คลองแดง), Khlong Thap Khlo (คลองทับคล้อ), Khlong Bang Phai (คลองบางไผ่), Khlong Thai Thung (คลองท้ายทุ่ง) and Khlong San Thao.16°09′N 100°26′E﻿ / ﻿16.150°N 100.433°E﻿ / 16.150; 100.433
* This article related to a river in Thailand is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
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# Rena Pagrati

Rena Pagrati (Greek: Ρένα Παγκράτη; 13 March 1949 – 25 June 1998) was a Greek cinema, TV and theatre actress. On 25 June 1998 she committed suicide.
Rena Pagrati was also a singer in the Greek musical band "Nostradamos".
# Evert Eloranta

Frans Evert Eloranta (10 October 1879 – 1936) was a Finnish politician and a Member of the Parliament for the Social Democratic Party in 1908–1918. During the Finnish Civil War, Eloranta served as the Minister of Agriculture of the Finnish Socialist Workers' Republic. In March 1918, he was elected the commander-in-chief of the Red Guards as a member of the triumvirate with Eino Rahja and Adolf Taimi. After the war, Eloranta fled to the Soviet Russia, where he allegedly died in 1936.

## Life
### Early years

Frans Evert Tuominen was born in Harjavalta, Satakunta province, as a son of a poor tenant farmer Johan Erland Erlandsson (b. 1852) and Eva Christina Fransdotter (b. 1854). The family lived in several places, finally settling in 1894 in Mynämäki, Finland Proper province. Eloranta worked from the early age and went to a school for only a year. He had jobs as a farm worker, construction worker, stonemason and a lumberjack. Eloranta also had a croft of his own in Karjala, where he joined the local worker's society and the Social Democratic Party.
Eloranta soon started working as a speaker and a party district secretary. In the 1908 general election he was elected to the Parliament of Finland from the electoral district of Finland Proper. During the era of the Russification of Finland, the parliament was often disbanded and Eloranta was elected six times between 1908 and 1917.

### The Civil War

As the Finnish Civil War was launched in January 1918, Eloranta was a member of the Social Democratic party secretary. He was now elected to the Finnish People's Delegation, the governmental body of the Red Finland, and became the ″Delegate for Agriculture″. On 20 March, Eero Haapalainen was expelled from the post of the commander-of-chief of the Red Guards, and replaced by the triumvirate Eloranta, Adolf Taimi and Eino Rahja. They held the office for less than two weeks. After the defeat of the Battle of Tampere, the Red Government and the Red Guards staff fled from the capital Helsinki to the eastern Finnish town of Vyborg. The triumvirate was replaced by Kullervo Manner, who was given the dictatorial powers.

### Life in the Soviet Union

During the Battle of Vyborg in the end of April, most of the leading Reds fled to the Soviet Russia, where Eloranta soon joined the exile Communist Party of Finland. Like many Finnish Reds, he entered the Petrograd Red Officer School and fought in the Russian Civil War. In 1921–1922 Eloranta worked as a librarian in Petrozavodsk. Later he travelled across the country as a speaker of the League of Militant Atheists and worked in the 1930s as a carpenter in Leningrad. Eloranta was granted the Soviet citizenship in 1929. His last years remain unknown, his last letter to his son was sent in 1938, but Eloranta allegedly died in the Soviet Union in 1936 according to official Soviet sources.

## Family

From 1912 to 1924 Evert Eloranta was married with Selma Alexandra Helkiö (1885–1985). He is the grandfather of the prominent Finnish psychiatrist Raisa Cacciatore and the great grandfather of the Social Democratic member of parliament Eeva-Johanna Eloranta.
# 1980 Trans America Athletic Conference baseball tournament

The 1980 Trans America Athletic Conference baseball tournament was held at Luther Williams Field on the campus of Mercer University in Macon, Georgia, from May 1 through 4. This was the second tournament championship held by the Trans America Athletic Conference, in its second year of existence. Georgia Southern won their first tournament championship. The Eagles earned a bid to the 1980 NCAA Division I baseball tournament, the first for the league.

## Format

The league again used a blind draw to determine matchups, and conference teams again played few games against each other prior to the tournament. The teams played a six team, double elimination tournament.

## Results

| First round | First round | First round | Second round | Second round | Second round | Third round | Third round | Third round | Final | Final | Final | Final |
| | | | Northeast Louisiana | Northeast Louisiana | 6 | | | | | | | |
| | | | Georgia Southern | Georgia Southern | 8 | | | | | | | |
| Northeast Louisiana | Northeast Louisiana | 12* | Georgia Southern | Georgia Southern | 8 | Georgia Southern | Georgia Southern | 11 | | | | |
| Northwestern State | Northwestern State | 9* | | | | Northwestern State | Northwestern State | 4 | | | | |
| Northwestern State | Northwestern State | 9* | Northwestern State | Northwestern State | 8 | Northwestern State | Northwestern State | 4 | | | | |
| | | | Hardin–Simmons | Hardin–Simmons | 2 | | | | | | | |
| Centenary | Centenary | 4 | Hardin–Simmons | Hardin–Simmons | 2 | | | | Georgia Southern | Georgia Southern | 5 | 15 |
| Georgia Southern | Georgia Southern | 3 | | | | | | | Mercer | Mercer | 4 | 1 |
| Georgia Southern | Georgia Southern | 3 | Centenary | Centenary | 3 | | | | Mercer | Mercer | 4 | 1 |
| | | | Mercer | Mercer | 12 | | | | | | | |
| Mercer | Mercer | 8 | Mercer | Mercer | 12 | Mercer | Mercer | 7 | | | | |
| Hardin–Simmons | Hardin–Simmons | 3 | | | | Northeast Louisiana | Northeast Louisiana | 0 | | | | |
| Hardin–Simmons | Hardin–Simmons | 3 | Northeast Louisiana | Northeast Louisiana | 14 | Northeast Louisiana | Northeast Louisiana | 0 | | | | |
| | | | Centenary | Centenary | 7 | | | | | | | |
* - Indicates game required 12 innings.

## All-Tournament Team

The following players were named to the All-Tournament Team. No MVP was named until 1985.
| POS | Player | School |
| P | Scott Barnhouse | Mercer |
| P | Carlos Colon | Georgia Southern |
| P | Ken Marks | Centenary |
| C | Marty Pevey | Georgia Southern |
| C | Frank Scelfo | Northeast Louisiana |
| 2B | Doug Guelde | Northeast Louisiana |
| SS | Bob Laurie | Georgia Southern |
| 3B | Derrell Baker | Georgia Southern |
| OF | David Klick | Northeast Louisiana |
| OF | Frank Millerd | Mercer |
| OF | Tim Smith | Mercer |
# Alberta Legislature

The Alberta Legislature is the unicameral legislature of the province of Alberta, Canada. The legislature is made of two elements: the lieutenant governor (representing the King of Canada), and the Legislative Assembly of Alberta. The legislature has existed since Alberta was formed out of part of the North-West Territories in 1905.
Like the Canadian federal government, Alberta uses a Westminster-style parliamentary government, in which members are sent to the Legislative Assembly after general elections and the lieutenant governor appoints the person who can command a majority of the members of the Assembly, typically the leader of the party with the most seats, as Premier of Alberta. The premier then recommends the appointment of the Executive Council of Alberta. The premier is Alberta's head of government, while the King of Canada is its head of state.

## List of legislatures

Following is a list of the times the legislature has been convened since 1905. For previous legislatures, see List of Northwest Territories Legislative Assemblies.
* 1st Alberta Legislature: 1905–1909
* 2nd Alberta Legislature: 1909–1913
* 3rd Alberta Legislature: 1913–1917
* 4th Alberta Legislature: 1917–1921
* 5th Alberta Legislature: 1921–1926
* 6th Alberta Legislature: 1926–1930
* 7th Alberta Legislature: 1930–1935
* 8th Alberta Legislature: 1935–1940
* 9th Alberta Legislature: 1940–1944
* 10th Alberta Legislature: 1944–1948
* 11th Alberta Legislature: 1948–1952
* 12th Alberta Legislature: 1952–1955
* 13th Alberta Legislature: 1955–1959
* 14th Alberta Legislature: 1959–1963
* 15th Alberta Legislature: 1963–1967
* 16th Alberta Legislature: 1967–1971
* 17th Alberta Legislature: 1971–1975
* 18th Alberta Legislature: 1975–1979
* 19th Alberta Legislature: 1979–1982
* 20th Alberta Legislature: 1982–1986
* 21st Alberta Legislature: 1986–1989
* 22nd Alberta Legislature: 1989–1993
* 23rd Alberta Legislature: 1993–1997
* 24th Alberta Legislature: 1997–2001
* 25th Alberta Legislature: 2001–2004
* 26th Alberta Legislature: 2004–2008
* 27th Alberta Legislature: 2008–2012
* 28th Alberta Legislature: 2012–2015
* 29th Alberta Legislature: 2015–2019
* 30th Alberta Legislature: 2019–2023
* 31st Alberta Legislature: 2023–present
# 1982 Avon Championships – Doubles

Defending champions Martina Navratilova and Pam Shriver defeated Kathy Jordan and Anne Smith in the final, 6–4, 6–3 to win the doubles tennis title at the 1982 Avon Championships. It was Navratilova's fifth Tour Finals doubles title, and Shriver's second.

## Draw
### Key

* Q = Qualifier
* WC = Wild card
* LL = Lucky loser
* Alt = Alternate
* SE = Special exempt
* PR = Protected ranking
* ITF = ITF entry
* JE = Junior exempt
* w/o = Walkover
* r = Retired
* d = Defaulted
* SR = Special ranking
| Semifinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Final | Final | Final | Final |
| Kathy Jordan Anne Smith | Kathy Jordan Anne Smith | 3 | 7 | 6 | | | | |
| Rosemary Casals Wendy Turnbull | Rosemary Casals Wendy Turnbull | 6 | 6 | 4 | | | | |
| Rosemary Casals Wendy Turnbull | Rosemary Casals Wendy Turnbull | 6 | 6 | 4 | Kathy Jordan Anne Smith | Kathy Jordan Anne Smith | 4 | 3 |
| | | | | | Martina Navratilova Pam Shriver | Martina Navratilova Pam Shriver | 6 | 6 |
| Barbara Potter Sharon Walsh | Barbara Potter Sharon Walsh | 1 | 6 | | Martina Navratilova Pam Shriver | Martina Navratilova Pam Shriver | 6 | 6 |
| Martina Navratilova Pam Shriver | Martina Navratilova Pam Shriver | 6 | 7 | | | | | |
# Royal Photographic Glass Plate Negatives and Original Prints Collection

The Royal Photographic Glass Plate Negatives and Original Prints Collection, or the Vajirañāṇa Royal Library Collection (Thai: ฟิล์มกระจกและภาพต้นฉบับชุดหอพระสมุดวชิรญาณ) is a large collection of photographic originals from Thailand during the second half of the 19th century to the early 20th century, held since 1977 by the National Archives of Thailand. They were originally acquired by Prince Damrong Rajanubhab, who gathered originals from the personal collections of kings Chulalongkorn and Vajiravudh, his own collection, as well as several photography studios, at the Vajirañāṇa Royal Library, which he headed. The collection comprises 35,427 glass plates, ranging in size from 4 to 12 inches (100 to 300 mm), as well as almost 50,000 prints, and forms a detailed photographic record of Thailand (then known as Siam) during the country's period of modernization. The collection was inscribed on the UNESCO Memory of the World Register in 2017.