OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Kingittorsuaq Runestone

The Kingittorsuaq Runestone (old spelling: Kingigtorssuaq), listed as GR 1 in the Rundata catalog, is a runestone that was found on Kingittorsuaq Island, an island in the Upernavik Archipelago in northwestern Greenland.

## Description

The Kingittorsuaq Runestone was found in 1824 in a group of three cairns that formed an equilateral triangle on top of the mountain on Kingittorsuaq Island in the south-central part of the Upernavik Archipelago. The stone is now located at the National Museum of Denmark in Copenhagen.
The stone has been dated to the Middle Ages. The Catholic Encyclopedia states the date as April 25, 1135. William Thalbitzer dates the stone to 1314 using pentadic numerals. Others have dated the stone between 1250 and 1333. However, as the historian Finn Gad has pointed out, the date given on the stone can be interpreted in various ways. As such, it cannot, as previously thought, be taken as evidence for the three hunters named on the stone in this region.

## Inscription

el^likr
Erlingr
sikuaþs
Sighvats
so^n:r
sonr
ok
ok
baan^ne
Bjarni
torta^r
Þórðar
son
sonr
ok
ok
enriþi
Eindriði
os
Odds
son
sonr
laukardak·in
laugardagin
fyrir
fyrir
gakndag
gagndag
hloþu
hlóðu
ua^rda
varða
te
þe[ssa]
ok
ok
rydu
⁓ el^likr · sikuaþs : so^n:r · ok · baan^ne : torta^r son : ¶ ⁓ ok : enriþi · os son : laukardak·in : fyrir · gakndag ¶ hloþu · ua^rda te · ok rydu : ??????
 Erlingr Sighvats sonr ok Bjarni Þórðar sonr ok Eindriði Odds sonr laugardagin fyrir gagndag hlóðu varða þe[ssa] ok … …
Erlingr Sighvatrs son and Bjarni Þorðr's son and Eindriði Oddr's son, constructed these cairns the Saturday before Rogation Day, and …

### Undeciphered runes

The six runes following the translated text are undeciphered, though they do have very close single-character components. The first two and final runes appear to have two components, a Sowilō (ᛋ) with a Mannaz (ᛘ) and/or Algiz (ᛉ) on the top and bottom. The following three runes appear also to have the top and bottom Mannaz or Algiz, just with a Jēran (ᛄ) instead.
Some believe that they are meaningless, while others believe that it contains a secret message.
# Kosmos 2443

Kosmos 2443 (Russian: Космос 2443 meaning Cosmos 2443) is one of a set of three set of three Russian military satellites launched in 2008 as part of the GLONASS satellite navigation system. It was launched with Kosmos 2442 and Kosmos 2444.
This satellites is a GLONASS-M satellite, also known as Uragan-M, and is numbered Uragan-M No. 725.
Kosmos 2442/3/4 were launched from Site 81/23 at Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan. A Proton-M carrier rocket with a Blok DM upper stage was used to perform the launch which took place at 08:49 UTC on 25 September 2008. The launch successfully placed the satellites into Medium Earth orbit. It subsequently received its Kosmos designation, and the international designators 2008-046B. The United States Space Command assigned it the Satellite Catalog Number 33379.
It is currently part of the GLONASS constellation in the third orbital plane, orbital slot 21. It started operation on 5 November 2008.
# Sally Bollinger

Sally Bollinger is an actor, writer and cartoonist born in 1993 in New Zealand. She often works collaboratively with her sister Elsie on works relating to William Shakespeare and will contribute the comic component of joint comic/video projects.

## Creative work
### YouTube

Along with Minnie Grace, Claris Jacobs and sister Elsie Bollinger, wrote, directed and produced a YouTube adaptation of the Shakespeare play Much Ado About Nothing, entitled Nothing Much To Do. Sally and Elsie grew up with Shakespeare stories and were also inspired by The Lizzie Bennet Diaries. They raised $23,000 for the project on a Kickstarter campaign.

### Comics

Sally contributed to the comic components of an adaptation of Hamlet by The Candle Wasters, titled Tragicomic. The comics drawn by Sally are intended to represent those drawn by the protagonist Hannah Moore during the course of the series. This adaptation gender swapped the characters to make women more central, and also had more of a focus on mental health.
# Roman Catholic Diocese of Nueve de Julio

The Roman Catholic Diocese of Neuve de Julio (Latin: Dioecesis Sancti Dominici Novem Iulii) is a Catholic diocese located in the city of Nueve de Julio, Buenos Aires Province. It is in the ecclesiastical province of Mercedes-Luján in Argentina, having had change of metropolitan from La Plata in 2019.

## History

On 11 February 1957, Pope Pius XII established the Diocese of Neuve de Julio from the Diocese of Azul and the Diocese of Mercedes.

## Bishops
### Ordinaries

* Agustin Adolfo Herrera (1957–1961), appointed Coadjutor Bishop of Jujuy
* Antonio Quarracino (1962–1968), appointed Coadjutor Bishop of Jujuy; future Cardinal
* Alejo Benedicto Gilligan (1969–1991)
* Jose Vittorio Tommasi (1991–1998)
* Martin de Elizalde, O.S.B. (1999–2015)
* Ariel Edgardo Torrado Mosconi (2015–Present)

### Coadjutor bishop

* Ariel Edgardo Torrado Mosconi (2015)
# Desislav Rusev

Desislav Rusev (Bulgarian: Десислав Русев; born 27 April 1979) is a Bulgarian footballer who plays as a forward for Vihar Slavyanovo.
Rusev previously played for Litex Lovech, Vidima-Rakovski Sevlievo, Rodopa Smolyan and Vihren Sandanski in the A PFG.

## Honours
### Litex Lovech

* Bulgarian Cup: 2003–04
# Gaisser–Hillas function

The Gaisser–Hillas function is used in astroparticle physics. It parameterizes the longitudinal particle density in a cosmic ray air shower. The function was proposed in 1977 by Thomas K. Gaisser and Anthony Michael Hillas.
The number of particles $N(X)$ as a function of traversed atmospheric depth $X$ is expressed as
    $N(X)=N_{\text{max}}\left({\frac {X-X_{0}}{X_{\text{max}}-X_{0}}}\right)^{\frac {X_{\text{max}}-X_{0}}{\lambda }}\exp \left({\frac {X_{\text{max}}-X}{\lambda }}\right),$
where $N_{\text{max}}$ is maximum number of particles observed at depth $X_{\text{max}}$, and $X_{0}$ and $\lambda$ are primary mass and energy dependent parameters.
Using substitutions
$n={\frac {N}{N_{\text{max}}}}$, $x={\frac {X-X_{0}}{\lambda }}$ and $m={\frac {X_{\text{max}}-X_{0}}{\lambda }}$
the function can be written in an alternative one-parametric (m) form as
    $n(x)=\left({\frac {x}{m}}\right)^{m}\exp(m-x)={\frac {x^{m}\,e^{-x}}{m^{m}\,e^{-m}}}=\exp \left(m\,(\ln x-\ln m)-(x-m)\right)\,.$
# Amygdalies

Amygdalies (Greek: Αμυγδαλιές, "almond trees") is the name of two settlements in Greece:
* Amygdalies, Grevena, a village in Grevena
* Amygdalies, Elis, a village in Andritsaina-Krestena
# Finnish regional road 132

Finnish regional road 132 (Finnish: Seututie 132, Swedish: Regionalväg 132), or Loppi Road (Finnish: Lopentie, Swedish: Loppisvägen) is the road between Highway 3 (E12) and Highway 54, which starts at the southern end from the border of Vantaa and Nurmijärvi and at the northern end starts in the municipality of Loppi, right next to the church village of Loppi. The road is paved, dual lane and 52 kilometers (32 mi) long. Back in the late 1950s, it was the original main road before the current freeway, and in addition to passing through Loppi, it continued through the remote forest areas of Janakkala all the way to Hämeenlinna. And before the completion of the current Finnish national road 2, it also served the traffic of Forssa and Pori, which passed through Loppi and Tammela.
In November 2020, a new road alignment was completed on the road around the northern part of Nurmijärvi's Klaukkala, before which the old alignment passed through the center of Klaukkala. The new bypass is known as the Klaukkala Ring Road (Finnish: Klaukkalan kehätie).

## Route

* Vantaa
* Nurmijärvi
** Klaukkala
** Perttula
** Röykkä
* Vihti
** Vihtijärvi
* Loppi
** Läyliäinen
** Loppi
# Corybas (mythology)

In Greek mythology, Corybas (Ancient Greek: Κορύβας, romanized: Korúbas) is the son of Iasion and the goddess Cybele, who gave his name to the Corybantes (Koribantes), or dancing priests of Phrygia. The Korybantes were associated with Orpheus, another son of Apollo and a Mousa, founder of the closely related Orphic Mysteries.

## Mythology

According to Diodorus Siculus:
   This wedding of Cadmus and Harmonia was the first, we are told, for which the gods provided the marriage-feast, and Demeter, becoming enamoured of Iasion, presented him with the fruit of the corn, Hermes gave a lyre (lyra), Athena the renowned necklace and a robe and a flute (auloi), and Electra the sacred rites of the Great Mother of the Gods, as she is called, together with cymbals (kymbala) and kettledrums (tympana) and the instruments of her ritual; and Apollo played upon the lyre (kitharisai) and the Muses upon their flutes (aulesai), and the rest of the gods spoke them fair and gave the pair their aid in the celebration of the wedding. After this Cadmus, they say, in accordance with the oracle he had received, founded Thebes in Boeotia, while Iasion married Cybele and beget Corybas. And after Iasion had been removed into the circle of the gods, Dardanus and Cybelê and Corybas conveyed to Asia the sacred rites of the Mother of the Gods and removed with them to Phrygia. Thereupon Cybelê, joining herself to the first Olympus, begat Alcê and called the goddess Cybelê after herself; and Corybas gave the name of Corybantes to all who, in celebrating the rites of his mother, acted like men possessed, and married Thebe, the daughter of Cilix. In like manner he also transferred the flute (auloi) from Samothrace to Phrygia and to Lyrnessus the lyre (lyra) which Hermes gave and which at a later time Achilles took for himself when he sacked that city.
Also, according to Diodorus Siculus, Corybas was the father of Ida who married Lycastus, the a king of Crete, and son of Minos the first king of Crete, and by him bore the "second" king Minos of Crete.
# Bar Gali

Bar Gali (Persian: بارگلي, also Romanized as Bār Galī; also known as Bār Kalī) is a village in Otaqvar Rural District, Otaqvar District, Langarud County, Gilan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 26, in 4 families.
# Mary Frances Gerety

Mary Frances Gerety (1916-1999) was the copywriter responsible for the "A Diamond is Forever" slogan created for De Beers Consolidated Mines, Ltd. This famous slogan is still used today in advertising pertaining to diamonds.

## Personal life

Mary Frances Gerety, who primarily went by "Frances," was born in 1916 in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. She graduated from Charles Morris Price School of Advertising and Journalism and was later a student at the University of Pennsylvania. Gerety lived alone in Wayne, Pennsylvania for most of her life and died in Derby, Pennsylvania at the age of 83 on April 11, 1999 .

## N. W. Ayers

Frances Gerety began working at the N. W. Ayer & Son advertising agency as a copywriter in 1943 and continued until 1970. Gerety helped to create advertisements that were published in Vogue, Life, Collier's, The Saturday Evening Post, Look, and Harper's Bazaar.

## "A Diamond is Forever"

Due to the decline of diamond sales after the Great Depression, the diamond company De Beers was desperate to increase marketing strategies. De Beers Consolidated Mines, Ltd. hired N.W. Ayers & Son to advertise their diamonds in 1938. Since women in advertising were generally assigned to cases that only pertained to women, Gerety was the prime copywriter for the job. In 1948, Gerety was assigned to create a slogan that encapsulates the security and eternal romance that comes with owning a diamond.
Gerety scribbled the slogan “A Diamond is Forever” on a piece of paper late one night. The next morning, she presented the slogan to her associates at N. W. Ayers. Her associates were initially hesitant to use the slogan due to its strange grammar, but it eventually became one of the most recognized advertising slogans of its time. The slogan has been used in every De Beers ad since 1948 and continues to be used today.
In 1989, Gerety was honored at the 50th Anniversary for N.W. Ayers and De Beer’s anniversary in London for her work with De Beers. Advertising Age named “A Diamond is Forever” the slogan of the 20th century in 1999.

## Fiction

Gerety was portrayed in a fictional novel The Engagements by J. Courtney Sullivan.
# Mutoko Airport

Mutoko Airport (ICAO: FVMT) is an airport serving Mutoko, a city in Mashonaland East Province, Zimbabwe. The runway is 6 kilometres (3.7 mi) southwest of the city.
# Mafekhabl

Mafekhabl (Russian: Мафэхабль; Adyghe: Мафэхьабл) is a rural locality (an aul) in Kirovskoye Rural Settlement of Maykopsky District, Russia. The population was 140 as of 2018. There are 7 streets. The village was founded after the Circassians of Kosovo emigrated to the Republic of Adyghea in the Russian Federation as refugees due to the war.
# Ahmet Eşref Fakıbaba

Ahmet Eşref Fakıbaba (born December 16, 1951, Birecik, Turkey) is a Turkish doctor and politician. He is the former mayor and deputy of Şanlıurfa. He served as the Minister of Agriculture and Forestry between 2017 and 2018.

## Political career

He was elected as the Mayor of Şanlıurfa in the 2004 local elections as a candidate of the AK Party. Before the 2009 local elections, he was not nominated although he ranked first in his party's opinion poll.
Fakıbaba resigned from the party in January 2009 after he was not nominated and announced that he would run as an independent candidate in the elections. The Felicity Party gave open support to Fakıbaba's candidacy. In the elections held on March 29, 2009, Fakıbaba won 44 percent of the votes and was re-elected as the mayor of Şanlıurfa. The following year, he joined the Felicity Party. Şanlıurfa was elevated to "metropolitan" status at the end of 2012.
He left the Felicity Party, citing Numan Kurtulmuş's departure from the party, and rejoined the AK Party on January 22, 2013. He did not run again in the 2014 local elections and resigned as Mayor of Şanlıurfa after ten years in office.
He was elected as Şanlıurfa deputy from the AK Party in the June 2015 elections and again four months later. In the 2018 general elections, his party's vote dropped from 64 percent to 52 percent, but he managed to be re-elected as an MP. Between 2017 and 2018, he served as Minister of Agriculture and Forestry.
On October 20, 2022, he announced that he resigned from both his AK Party membership and his parliamentary seat. On October 26, 2022, he officially joined the IYI Party.
In the 2023 Turkish general elections, IYI Party was elected as Ankara deputy.
# Sar Asiab-e Pain, Kerman

Sar Asiab-e Pain (Persian: سراسياب پايين, also Romanized as Sar Āsīāb-e Pā’īn; also known as Asīāb-e Mīān Dasht, Sar Asīāb, Sar Āsīāb, and Sar Āsyab) is a village in Derakhtengan Rural District, in the Central District of Kerman County, Kerman Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 27, in 7 families.
# Novospasskoye, Ulyanovsk Oblast

Novospasskoye (Russian: Новоспа́сское) is an urban locality (an urban-type settlement) in Novospassky District of Ulyanovsk Oblast, Russia. Population: 11,075 (2010 Census); 11,038 (2002 Census); 9,915 (1989 Soviet census).
# USS Cythera (PY-26)

The first USS Cythera (SP-575/PY-26) was a United States Navy patrol vessel that saw service in the Atlantic Ocean during both World War I and World War II.

## History

The vessel was constructed in Leith, Scotland, originally laid down as the civilian yacht Agawa for William L. Harkness and launched on 20 September 1906.

### World War I

The United States Navy leased the vessel from Harkness in 1917 for World War I service in the section patrol. She was commissioned as USS Cythera (SP-575) on 20 October 1917. Departing New York City on 27 October 1917, Cythera arrived at Newport, Rhode Island, on 28 October 1917 and was assigned to Patrol Force, United States Atlantic Fleet. She departed Newport on 1 November 1917 with her squadron, and escorted and towed submarine chasers to European waters before arriving at Gibraltar on 29 December 1917. Based at Gibraltar, she patrolled and escorted convoys between Gibraltar and Mediterranean ports in France, Italy, and North Africa. She was decommissioned on 17 March 1919 and returned to Harkness on 21 March 1919.

### World War II

After Cythera served as a civilian vessel for more than two decades, the U.S. Navy reacquired her from Harkness's widow Edith on 31 December 1941 for World War II service. She was classified as a patrol yacht and given the hull number PY-26. Her conversion into a patrol vessel was completed on 28 February 1942, and she was placed in service on 3 March 1942. On 2 May 1942, while escorting the Soviet tanker SS Ashkhabad, she was torpedoed and sunk by the German submarine U-402 in the Atlantic Ocean off the coast of North Carolina. Of the 71 crewmen on board Cythera at the time, only two survived. They were picked up by U-402 and made prisoners of war.
# Matt Darwin

Bakersfield
Matthew Wayne Darwin (born March 11, 1963) is an American former professional football player who was a center in the National Football League (NFL) for the Philadelphia Eagles. He was drafted twice, first in the 1985 NFL draft by the Dallas Cowboys and finally in the 1986 NFL draft by the Eagles. He played college football at Texas A&M University.

## Early life

Darwin attended Klein High School, where he played as a tight end. He accepted a football scholarship from Texas A&M University.
As a freshman, he was converted into an offensive tackle and became a starter. As a sophomore, he was named the starting center. As a senior, he played at center and guard, while not allowing an opponent sack.

## Professional career
### Dallas Cowboys

Darwin was selected by the Dallas Cowboys in the fifth round (119th overall) of the 1986 NFL draft. He had contentious negotiations with the team and did not reach a contract agreement during the season.

### Philadelphia Eagles

After not signing with any team during the 1985 season, he re-entered the NFL draft and was selected by the Philadelphia Eagles in the fourth round (106th overall) of the 1986 NFL draft.
After experiencing another contract holdout, he replaced an injured Gerry Feehery and started 10 games at center as a rookie. The next year, he was moved to left tackle, where he would remain as the starter for three years.
On December 21, 1989 he was placed on the injured reserve list with a left knee injury. The next year he re-injured his knee and was placed on the injured reserve list on September 30 after playing and starting in two games.

## Personal life

After his football career, Darwin settled down and became a scoutmaster for Troop 437 in Richardson, Texas until 2018, when he stepped down after his third youngest son became an Eagle Scout, graduated, went to college, and was married. Matt Darwin currently attends a Reformed Baptist church in Wylie, Texas.
# Line Drawing System-1

LDS-1 (Line Drawing System-1) was a calligraphic (vector, rather than raster) display processor and display device created by Evans & Sutherland in 1969. This model was known as the first graphics device with a graphics processing unit.

## Features

It was controlled by a variety of host computers. Straight lines were smoothly rendered in real-time animation. General principles of operation were similar to the systems used today: 4x4 transformation matrices, 1x4 vertices. Possible uses included flight simulation (in the product brochure there are screenshots of landing on a carrier), scientific imaging and GIS systems.

## History

The first LDS-1 was shipped to the customer (BBN) in August 1969. Only a few of these systems were ever built. One was used by the Los Angeles Times as their first typesetting/layout computer. One went to NASA Ames Research Center for Human Factors Research. Another was bought by the Port Authority of New York to develop a tugboat pilot trainer for navigation in the harbor. The MIT Dynamic Modeling had one, and there was a program for viewing an ongoing game of Maze War.
# Malangen (fjord)

Malangen (Norwegian) or Málatvuotna (Northern Sami) (also: Norwegian: Malangsfjorden; Kven: Malankivuono) is a fjord in Troms county, Norway. The 60-kilometre (37 mi) long fjord runs through the municipalities of Balsfjord, Målselv, Senja, and Tromsø. The fjord runs southeast between the islands of Senja and Kvaløya and further into the mainland along the border between Balsfjord and Senja municipalities.
The fjord stretches from Hekkingen Lighthouse off the coast of the island of Senja to the village of Nordfjordbotn. In the inner part of the fjord, it branches out into four smaller fjords: Nordfjorden, Aursfjorden, Målselvfjorden, and Rossfjorden. The Målselva river feeds into the Målselvfjorden. There are several larger villages along the coast of the fjord, including Mortenhals, Mestervik, and Rossfjordstraumen.

## Etymology

The name Malangen comes from the old name of the fjord (Old Norse: Malangr). The first element is mál which comes from the Old High German word malaha which means "bag" or "leather bag" which may refer to the baggy shape of the fjord. The same word mál is probably also the origin of the name of the Målselva, the big river that enters the fjord from the Målselvdalen and Bardudalen valleys (the neighboring Målselv Municipality has a similar etymology). The last element of the name is angr which means "inlet" or "narrow fjord".

## History

Historically, the fjord along with the area around it has had a historical importance as the northern boundary for Norwegian settlement during the Middle Ages. In the 13th century, King Haakon IV of Norway gave some people from Bjarmaland some land around the Malangen fjord on which to live. From 1871 until 1964, the area surrounding much of the fjord was part of Malangen Municipality, a municipality that was named after the fjord.
# Sar Chal, Markazi

Sar Chal (Persian: سرچال, also Romanized as Sar Chāl) is a village in Pol-e Doab Rural District, Zalian District, Shazand County, Markazi Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 613, in 139 families.
# Mandil Besar

Mandil Besar (Persian: منديل بسر, also Romanized as Mandīl Besar) is a village in Sara Rural District, in the Central District of Saqqez County, Kurdistan Province, Iran. As at the 2006 census, its population was 23, in 5 families. The village is populated by Kurds.
# Sörby (Öland)

Sörby is a village in the municipality of Borgholm within the island province of Öland and the county of Kalmar in Sweden. It is in Gärdslösa socken. As of 2005 the village had 59 inhabitants.
The name of the settlement appears as Söderby in older sources. One possible etymology is that it is "south" (Swedish: söder), but there is no obvious centre to the north to which this might refer; another suggestion is that it derives from a word such as sur or sörjig (damp, slushy) and meant a marshy area.
In 1540 the village was part of the lands of the Diocese of Linköping and had 3½ dwellings and 6 smallholdings; in 1544 there were 4 freeholders, one of them Gustav Vasa.
# Zingar

Zingar (Persian: زينگر, also Romanized as Zīngar and Zīnger; also known as Zanīgar and Zangār) is a village in Radkan Rural District, in the Central District of Chenaran County, Razavi Khorasan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 129, in 36 families.
# Gagarinsky District, Sevastopol

Gagarinskiy District (Russian: Гагаринский район) or Haharinskyi District (Ukrainian: Гагарінський район) is an urban district of the city of Sevastopol, named after cosmonaut Yuri Gagarin. Population: 136,010 (2014 Census).