OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# William Augustine Ogden

William Augustine Ogden (October 10, 1841 – October 14, 1897) was an American composer, especially of church music and hymns, choir conductor and educator.

## Early life and education

William Augustine Ogden was born on October 10, 1841, in Franklin County, Ohio. At the age of six, his family moved to Indiana. He was educated in district schools and began studying music at singing schools at the age of eight.
At the age of 18, Ogden joined the choir in his home church. At the outbreak of the American Civil War, he enlisted in the 13th Indiana Infantry Regiment. During the war, he organized a male choir that was known throughout the Army of the Cumberland. He served as commander for two terms in the department of Ohio, Indiana and Kentucky Union Veterans' Union.
After the war, Ogden returned to Indiana and learned music under the tutelage of Lowell Mason, Thomas Hastings, E. E. Bailey and B. F. Baker.

## Career

In 1870, Ogden issued his first song book Silver Song. It reached 500,000 sales. He wrote Sunday school, anthem and gospel music. He wrote two cantatas and two comic operas. Ogden taught in different states, including a normal school in Greensburg, Pennsylvania. He was director of music for six years at the Iowa State Normal School.
In 1881, Ogden moved to Toledo, Ohio. In 1887, he became superintendent of music of the public schools in Toledo. He served in that role until his death. In 1894, he trained 3,000 children for the Central Ohio Sängerfest.

## Personal life

Ogden died on October 14, 1897, at his home in Toledo. He was buried at Woodlawn Cemetery.
# Vladimir Lazarev

Vladimir Lazarev (Russian: Владимир Лазарев; born 5 June 1964 in Saratov, Russian SFSR, Soviet Union) is a chess Grandmaster, now living in France.

## Biography

After learning to play chess at fifteen, Vladimir Lazarev joined the chess club in his hometown, Saratov and progressed quickly under the direction of International Master Alexander Astashin. He won the title of International Master in 1991 and played many tournaments in Russia, with a prestigious victory in 1993 against Alexander Morozevich. Lazarev married Latvian born chess player Anda Šafranska (WGM). The couple moved to France in Lyon and later to Paris. He was awarded the Grandmaster title in 2000. Lazarev has now turned to coaching young chess players in Villepinte, but continues to play a few tournaments.

## Notable tournaments

* Winner of the tournament Alushta (1993)
* Winner of the International Open Lyon (1999, 2000)
* Winner of the International Open Lausanne (2004)
* Winner of the Open Rhône (2007)
* Second place in International Open Positano (2005)
* Third place in Open the Rhône (2005)
* Winner of the International Lugano Open (2005)
* Third place in International Open Monti, (Sardinia) (2005)
# Gandoman, Baneh

Gandoman (Persian: گندمان, also Romanized as Gandomān) is a village in Posht-e Arbaba Rural District, Alut District, Baneh County, Kurdistan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 353, in 64 families. The village is populated by Kurds.
# Urtatau

Urtatau (Russian: Уртатау; Bashkir: Уртатау, Urtataw) is a rural locality (a village) in Sergiopolsky Selsoviet, Davlekanovsky District, Bashkortostan, Russia. The population was 67 as of 2010. There is 1 street.

## Geography

Urtatau is located 16 km southwest of Davlekanovo (the district's administrative centre) by road. Tavrichanka is the nearest rural locality.
# Nam Mae Phong

The Nam Mae Phong (Thai: น้ำแม่ผง, pronounced) is a watercourse of Thailand with its source in the Phi Pan Nam Range. It is a tributary of the Yom River, part of the Chao Phraya River basin.
19°07′N 100°16′E﻿ / ﻿19.117°N 100.267°E﻿ / 19.117; 100.267
* This article related to a river in Thailand is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
# Aqköl (lake)

Aqköl (Kazakh: Ақкөл; Russian: Акколь), is a salt lake in Zhangeldi District, in the SW sector of the Kostanay Region, Kazakhstan.
Local authorities try to promote tourism in the lake, but the area lacks the necessary infrastructure. The nearest inhabited locality is Akhmeta Baytursynuly 10 kilometers (6.2 mi) to the east of the eastern shore.

## Geography

Aqköl is located in the southern part of the Turgay Depression at 103 meters (338 ft) above sea level. It is an endorheic lake sharing the same depression as smaller lakes and salt pans nearby. A projecting spit in the northwestern shore of the lake divides the northern side into two bays. The lake lies about 50 kilometers (31 mi) to the NNE of the northern end of the Shalkarteniz lake. Much smaller lakes Uziqsor and Qaraqsor are located to the southeast, close to its shores. There is a hot spring 30 kilometers (19 mi) from the lake where the water temperature reaches 70 °C (158 °F)
277 kilometers (172 mi) long river Uly-Zhylanshyk flows into the northeastern shore of the lake.
* ISS view of the salt pans that lie 15 kilometers (9.3 mi) north of Akkol.
# Ryan Laight

Ryan Laight (born 16 November 1985 in Barnsley, England) who plays for Ossett Town. He plays in defence.
Ryan has come through the youth ranks with Barnsley, he made his debut on 4 February 2004 against Bristol City.
On 3 October 2006, Ryan and fellow Barnsley teammate Thomas Harban joined Conference National side Tamworth on loan. Both Laight and Harban made their first appearance for Tamworth against Aldershot Town.
# Hydrolagus erithacus

Hydrolagus erithacus, or Robin's ghostshark, is a species of fish in the family Chimaeridae. It is found in the southeastern Atlantic and southwestern Indian oceans.
There exists a rapid development of fisheries since the 1970s in their territory, targeting deepwater sharks. While there is no data available for ghost sharks in this region, the South African Prince Edward Islands Marine Protected Areas may provide refuge to this species.
# Arthur Qwak

Arthur Qwak (born as François Hemen, December 25, 1961) is a French animator and comic-book writer.

## Filmography

* Orson and Olivia (television series, 26 episodes)
* Sonic Underground (television series, 14 episodes)
* Malo Korrigan (television series. 26 episodes)
* Dragon Hunters (television series. 26 episodes)
* Dragon Hunters (2008 Movie)
* Oscar's Oasis (television series, 72 episodes)
# Albert Oss

Albert Oss (1818 – December 18, 1898) was a soldier in the Union Army during the American Civil War who received the Medal of Honor. He served in the 11th New Jersey Volunteer Infantry Regiment.

## Biography

Albert Oss was born in 1818 and immigrated to the United States from Belgium. He joined the 11th New Jersey Infantry from Newark, New Jersey in July 1862, and mustered out with the regiment in June 1865.
Oss died on December 18, 1898. He is buried in Holy Sepulchre Cemetery, East Orange, New Jersey and his grave can be found in Section H, Soldiers' Plot, Lot 137, Grave 4.

## Medal of Honor citation

Rank and Organization:
    Private, Company B, 11th New Jersey Infantry. Place and Date: At Chancellorsville, Va., May 3, 1863. Entered Service At: Newark, N.J. Birth: Belgium. Date of Issue: May 6, 1892.
Citation:
   Remained in the rifle pits after the others had retreated, firing constantly, and contesting the ground step by step.
# Örtofta Castle

Örtofta Castle (Swedish: Örtofta slott) is a castle in Eslöv Municipality in Scania, Sweden.

## History

At the end of the 15th century, a castle-like main building was built, the remains of which are still part of the old part of the current structure. It was probably Tönne Vernersen Parsberg, who died in 1521, had the permanent structure built, of which remains are still included in the old part of the current castle. Through inheritance, Örtofta came to belong to members of several noble families including members of the Barnekow family. Renovation were made to the estate and surrounding the baroque park. During the 1860s, the castle and its outbuildings took on their current form.
# Tervel Municipality

Tervel Municipality (Bulgarian: Община Тервел) is a municipality (obshtina) in Dobrich Province, Northeastern Bulgaria, located in Southern Dobruja geographical region, about 30 km south of Danube river. It is named after its administrative centre, the town of Tervel.
The municipality has a territory of 579.7 km$^2$ (223.8 sq mi), with a population of 17,458, as of December 2009.
More significant tourist sights in the area include the early Byzantine cave monasteries around the villages of Balik and Brestnitsa dating to the 5th-6th century.

## Settlements

Tervel Municipality includes the following 26 places; all of them are villages:
| Town/Village | Cyrillic | Population (December 2009) |
| Tervel | Тервел | 6667 |
| Angelariy | Ангеларий | 145 |
| Balik | Балик | 261 |
| Bezmer | Безмер | 1229 |
| Bozhan (village) | Божан | 598 |
| Bonevo | Бонево | 82 |
| Brestnitsa, Dobrich Province | Брестница | 16 |
| Chestimensko | Честименско | 412 |
| Glavantsi | Главанци | 131 |
| Gradnitsa, Dobrich Province | Градница | 405 |
| Guslar | Гуслар | 24 |
| Kableshkovo | Каблешково | 575 |
| Kladentsi, Dobrich Province | Кладенци | 173 |
| Kolartsi | Коларци | 688 |
| Kochmar | Кочмар | 301 |
| Mali izvor | Мали извор | 39 |
| Nova Kamena | Нова Камена | 482 |
| Onogur | Оногур | 39 |
| Orlyak, Dobrich Province | Орляк | 1922 |
| Polkovnik Savovo | Полковник Савово | 188 |
| Popgruevo | Попгруево | 680 |
| Profesor Zlatarski | Професор Златарски | 33 |
| Surnets | Сърнец | 209 |
| Voynikovo | Войниково | 11 |
| Zarnevo | Зърнево | 1222 |
| Zheglartsi | Жегларци | 926 |
| Total | | 17,458 |

## Demography

The municipality has a mixed population consisting mostly of Turks (40.60% according to 2011 census data), Bulgarians (37.06%) and Romani (11.12%).
The following table shows the change of the population during the last four decades.
Tervel Municipality :
| Year | 1975 | 1985 | 1992 | 2001 | 2005 | 2007 | 2009 | 2011 |
| Population | 28,626 | 28,717 | 21,483 | 18,728 | 17,995 | 17,780 | 17,458 | ... |
| Sources: Census 2001, Census 2011, „pop-stat.mashke.org“, |||||||||

### Religion

According to the latest Bulgarian census of 2011, the religious composition, among those who answered the optional question on religious identification, was the following:
Religious composition of Tervel Municipality
Orthodox Christianity
36.0%
Catholicism
0.3%
Protestantism
0.2%
Islam
52.8%
No religion
3.9%
Prefer not to answer, others and indefinable
6.8% :
# Mike Sheahan

Michael Sheahan (born 3 March 1947) is an Australian journalist who specialises in Australian rules football. He was chief football writer and associate sports editor for the Herald Sun for 18 years. Although he left these positions at the end of 2011, he still writes special columns for the newspaper, including his yearly "Top 50" player list. He was also a panelist on the Fox Footy program On the Couch and former media director for the Australian Football League (AFL, formerly VFL). He also joins Brian Taylor, Matthew Richardson, Matthew Lloyd and Leigh Matthews in the 3AW radio station's pre-match football discussion on Saturday afternoons. In addition he conducted a weekly interview program on Fox Footy, Open Mike until September 2020 when he would be retiring after an 19 year stint at Fox Footy. In February 2018 he joined a podcast with former St Kilda coach Grant Thomas and former co-host of The Footy Show, Sam Newman, entitled "Sam, Mike and Thomo", it aired once weekly and talks about all trending topics, with a sprinkling of commentary on AFL. However, upon that being cancelled in March 2019, in August that year he joined another podcast, entitled "Sam Mike and Don, 'You Can Not Be Serious'", with Newman and former VFL footballer Don Scott. The podcast airs in a similar format and covers similar topics to the previous one. He was a part of this until June 2020, when he quit the podcast for a second time due to the fallout of a comment made by Scott about former AFL footballer Nicky Winmar.
One of his most widely known contributions to football writing is his bi-annual list of the Top 50 players in the Australian Football League. Sheahan prepares a ranked list at the beginning of each season of the 50 players he believes will be the best or have the most influence during the upcoming year; then, another list at the end of the season ranking the 50 best players of the year. The lists are always hotly debated. In 2008, Sheahan was given the task by the AFL to compile a list of the Greatest 50 players of all time, to be published in the book The Australian Game of Football, which honoured the 150th anniversary of Australian rules football.
The media centre at AFL House in Melbourne is named in his honour.
Sheahan is the cousin of former Test cricketer Paul Sheahan. He had a brief football career himself, playing 66 senior matches for the Werribee Football Club in the Victorian Football Association and for North Hobart Football Club in the Tasmanian Football League. Sheahan has stated, when commenting on which team he supports, that he is more a fan of the game, than of a particular team, but has stated he has a soft spot for the Melbourne Football Club.
# Ragga Holm

Ragnhildur Jónasdóttir, also known as Ragga Holm, is an Icelandic rapper, radio host and DJ. She is a member of the band Reykjavíkurdætur.

## Early life

Ragnhildur was born in Höfn í Hornafirði, Iceland, but grew up in Reykjavík, Hafnarfjörður and Keflavík.

## Music career

In 2011, she released her first single, Það er komið sumar.

## Discography

* BIPOLAR (2018)
# Roussillon, Isère

Roussillon (French pronunciation: ) is a commune in the Isère department in southeastern France.

## Population

| Year | Pop. | ±% p.a. |
| 1793 | 1,549 | — |
| 1800 | 863 | −8.02% |
| 1806 | 937 | +1.38% |
| 1821 | 1,260 | +1.99% |
| 1831 | 1,337 | +0.59% |
| 1836 | 1,400 | +0.93% |
| 1841 | 1,594 | +2.63% |
| 1846 | 1,562 | −0.40% |
| 1851 | 1,532 | −0.39% |
| 1856 | 1,504 | −0.37% |
| 1861 | 1,528 | +0.32% |
| 1866 | 1,525 | −0.04% |
| 1872 | 1,578 | +0.57% |
| 1876 | 1,435 | −2.35% |
| 1881 | 1,478 | +0.59% |
| 1886 | 1,485 | +0.09% |
| 1891 | 1,277 | −2.97% |
| 1896 | 1,329 | +0.80% |
| Year | Pop. | ±% p.a. |
| 1901 | 1,263 | −1.01% |
| 1906 | 1,171 | −1.50% |
| 1911 | 1,172 | +0.02% |
| 1921 | 1,195 | +0.19% |
| 1926 | 2,280 | +13.79% |
| 1931 | 3,088 | +6.25% |
| 1936 | 3,102 | +0.09% |
| 1946 | 3,576 | +1.43% |
| 1954 | 4,623 | +3.26% |
| 1962 | 6,588 | +4.53% |
| 1968 | 7,339 | +1.82% |
| 1975 | 7,551 | +0.41% |
| 1982 | 7,173 | −0.73% |
| 1990 | 7,365 | +0.33% |
| 1999 | 7,437 | +0.11% |
| 2007 | 7,933 | +0.81% |
| 2012 | 8,012 | +0.20% |
| 2017 | 8,455 | +1.08% |
Source: EHESS and INSEE (1968-2017) :
# AS Djerba

Association Sportive de Djerba (Arabic: االجمعية الرياضية بجربة, often referred to as ASD) is a football club based in Houmet Es'Souk, Djerba in Tunisia. Founded in 1946 when Jilani Anane was its first president, the team plays in white and green colors. Their ground is Stade Houmet Es'Souk, which has a capacity of 12,000.

## Managers

* Abdelhay Ben Soltane (5 Aug 2014–)
# Chyobsara

Chyobsara (Russian: Чёбсара) is an urban locality (an urban-type settlement) in Sheksninsky District of Vologda Oblast, Russia, located 73 kilometers (45 mi) from Vologda. Municipally, it is incorporated as Chyobsarskoye Urban Settlement, one of the two urban settlements in the district. Population: 1,440 (2010 Census); 1,776 (2002 Census); 2,732 (1989 Soviet census).

## History

The settlement was founded as a railway station in 1898. At the moment, it was located in Vologodsky Uyezd of Vologda Governorate. On July 15, 1929, several governorates, including Vologda Governorate, were merged into Northern Krai, and the uyezds were abolished. Instead, Chyobsarsky District with the administrative center in the railway station of Chyobsara was established as part of Vologda Okrug. In 1931, Chyobsara was granted the status of an urban-type settlement.
In 1936, Northern Krai was transformed into Northern Oblast. In 1937, Northern Oblast was split into Arkhangelsk Oblast and Vologda Oblast. Chyobsarsky District remained in Vologda Oblast.
On December 13, 1962 Chyobsarsky District was abolished. Its area was split between Vologodsky and Cherepovetsky Districts. This was a part of later aborted Khrushchyov administrative reform. On January 12, 1965 Chyobsara became a part of newly established Sheksninsky District with the administrative center in Sheksna.

## Economy
### Industry

In Chyobsara, there are several enterprises of timber industry.

### Transportation

Chyobsara is connected by a local road with A114 highway. The highway connects Vologda with Cherepovets and Saint Petersburg.
In Chyobsara, there is a railway station on the railroad connecting Vologda with Cherepovets and Saint Petersburg.
# Medical uses of salicylic acid

Salicylic acid is used as a medicine to help remove the outer layer of the skin. As such it is used to treat warts, skin tags, calluses, psoriasis, dandruff, acne, ringworm, and ichthyosis. For conditions other than warts, it is often used together with other medications. It is applied to the area affected.
Side effects include skin irritation, and salicylate poisoning. Salicylate poisoning tends to only occur when applied to a large area and in children. Use is thus not recommended in children less than two years old. It comes in a number of different strengths.
It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines. It is also available mixed with coal tar, zinc oxide, or benzoic acid.

## Medical uses

Salicylic acid as a medication is used to help remove the outer layer of the skin. As such it is used to treat warts, calluses, psoriasis, dandruff, acne, ringworm, and ichthyosis.
Because of its effect on skin cells, salicylic acid is used in some shampoos to treat dandruff.
In modern medicine, salicylic acid and its derivatives are constituents of some "skin-reddening" products.

## Side effects

Concentrated solutions (20-30%) of salicylic acid may cause hyperpigmentation on people with darker skin types (Fitzpatrick phototypes IV, V, VI), without a broad spectrum sunblock. Due to sun sensitivity, sun protection is recommended when using salicylic acid on sun-exposed skin.

### Pregnancy

No studies examine topical salicylic acid in pregnancy. The risks of aspirin late in pregnancy are probably not relevant for a topical exposure to salicylic acid, even late in the pregnancy, because of its low systemic levels. Topical salicylic acid is common in many over-the-counter dermatological agents and the lack of adverse reports suggests a low risk.

### Overdose

Side effects include skin irritation and salicylate poisoning. Salicylate poisoning tends to only occur when applied to a large area and in children. Use is thus not recommended in children less than two years old. It comes in a number of different strengths.
Salicylic acid overdose can lead metabolic acidosis with compensatory respiratory alkalosis. In people presenting with an acute overdose, a 16% morbidity rate and a 1% mortality rate are observed.

## Mechanism of action

Salicylic acid works as a keratolytic, comedolytic and bacteriostatic agent, causing the cells of the epidermis to shed more readily, opening clogged pores and neutralizing bacteria within, preventing pores from clogging up again and allowing room for new cell growth.

## History

Dioscorides, in the first century AD, described the use of an extract of what might have been willow bark (a plant he called Itea), 'being burnt to ashes, and steeped in vinegar,' for taking away 'corns and other like risings in the feet and toes.' The active ingredient in this mixture could have been salicylic acid, but it is a modern myth that willow was ever used to ease aches and pains or reduce fevers.
# Erigeron chrysopsidis var. austiniae

Erigeron chrysopsidis var. austiniae is a species of flowering plant in the family Asteraceae known by the common name sagebrush fleabane. It is sometimes considered a full species, Erigeron austiniae. It is native to the western United States from northeastern California to southwestern Idaho, where it grows in the sagebrush and juniper woodlands. It is a small, clumping perennial herb producing a hairy stem up to about 12 centimeters tall from a woody caudex and taproot surrounded by narrow linear to somewhat oval leaves up to 8 centimeters long. The inflorescence is a solitary flat-topped woolly flower head containing many yellow disc florets. There occasionally appears a yellow ray floret, but they are usually absent. The fruit is an achene with a pappus of bristles.
# Inxuba Yethemba Local Municipality

Inxuba Yethemba Municipality (Xhosa: uMasipala wase Inxuba Yethemba; Afrikaans: Inxuba Yethemba Munisipaliteit), formerly known as Cradock Municipality, is a local municipality within the Chris Hani District Municipality, in the Eastern Cape province of South Africa. The seat is Cradock.

## Politics

The municipal council consists of eighteen members elected by mixed-member proportional representation. Nine councillors are elected by first-past-the-post voting in nine wards, while the remaining nine are chosen from party lists so that the total number of party representatives is proportional to the number of votes received. In the election of 1 November 2021 the African National Congress (ANC) won a majority of ten seats on the council.
The following table shows the results of the election.
Inxuba Yethemba local election, 1 November 2021 :
| Party | Party | Votes | Votes | Votes | Votes | Seats | Seats | Seats |
| Party | Party | Ward | List | Total | % | Ward | List | Total |
| | African National Congress | 7,519 | 7,665 | 15,184 | 53.0% | 5 | 5 | 10 |
| | Democratic Alliance | 5,707 | 5,645 | 11,352 | 39.7% | 4 | 3 | 7 |
| | Patriotic Alliance | 346 | 387 | 733 | 2.6% | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| | Economic Freedom Fighters | 329 | 398 | 727 | 2.5% | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| | Freedom Front Plus | 152 | 156 | 308 | 1.1% | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| | Independent candidates | 269 | – | 269 | 0.9% | 0 | – | 0 |
| | African Transformation Movement | 16 | 40 | 56 | 0.2% | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Total | Total | 14,338 | 14,291 | 28,629 | | 9 | 9 | 18 |
| Valid votes | Valid votes | 14,338 | 14,291 | 28,629 | 98.0% |
| Spoilt votes | Spoilt votes | 284 | 303 | 587 | 2.0% |
| Total votes cast | Total votes cast | 14,622 | 14,594 | 29,216 | |
| Voter turnout | Voter turnout | 14,639 |
| Registered voters | Registered voters | 29,691 |
| Turnout percentage | Turnout percentage | 49.3% |

## Main places

The 2001 census divided the municipality into the following main places:
| Place | Code | Area (km$^2$) | Population |
| Cradock | 21801 | 123.99 | 12,327 |
| KwaNonzame | 21803 | 2.75 | 5,591 |
| Lingelihle | 21804 | 4.92 | 18,966 |
| Middelburg | 21805 | 160.10 | 12,523 |
| Remainder of the municipality | 21802 | 11,302.89 | 10,891 |