OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Château Léoville-Las Cases

45°09′49″N 0°44′25″W﻿ / ﻿45.16371°N 0.74041°W﻿ / 45.16371; -0.74041
Château Léoville-Las Cases is a winery in the Saint-Julien appellation of the Bordeaux region of France. Château Léoville-Las Cases is also the name of the red wine produced by this property. The wine produced here was classified as one of fifteen Deuxièmes Crus (Second Growths) in the original Bordeaux Wine Official Classification of 1855.
Léoville-Las Cases was one of the first estates in Bordeaux to introduce a second label, Clos du Marquis. However, Clos du Marquis is a separate wine. Since 2007, the Chateau has offered a Second Wine known as Le Petit Lion de Marquis de Las Cases.

## History

Léoville-Las Cases was once part of a much larger estate until the time of the French Revolution when a portion of this estate was separated into what is today Château Léoville-Barton. In 1840, the estate was again divided and land that would eventually become Château Léoville-Poyferré was split off.
Since the mid 20th century the Delon family have been owners of this estate, also owners of châteaux Potensac and Nénin.
In 1976, the 1971 vintage ranked number six among the ten French and California red wines in the historic "Judgment of Paris" wine competition.

## Production

The largest plot of Léoville-Las Cases' vineyards, known as the Grand Clos, is located on the northern boundary of St-Julien, with only the Juillac tributary separating its vineyards from those of Château Latour in Pauillac.
The vineyard area in total extends 97 hectares (240 acres) planted with a grape variety distribution of 65% Cabernet Sauvignon, 19% Merlot, 13% Cabernet Franc and 3% Petit Verdot. The vineyard underwent major replanting during the 1950s, and today the vines average 30 years of age.
Léoville-Las Cases produces two wines, its grand vin, and a second wine called Clos du Marquis that has been in production since 1902.
Grapes are harvested by hand, crushed and then may be fermented in temperature controlled wood, concrete, or stainless steel vats of varying size depending on the style of the vintage. Léoville-Las Cases also employs a state of the art reverse osmosis machine to help extract excess water from the grape must in a rainy vintage. Use of this machine is considered legal, but highly controversial, and while Léoville-Las Cases is not the only estate to employ this technique, few estates admit to their use. After processing and fermentation, the wine is transferred into oak barrels for 18–20 months of aging before being fined with egg whites and bottled.
The average annual production is 180,000 to 200,000 bottles for the Grand Vin, and 250,000 to 270,000 bottles for the second label, Clos du Marquis.
# Kawaba, Gunma

Kawaba (川場村, Kawaba-mura) is a village located in Gunma Prefecture, Japan. As of 31 October 2020, the village had an estimated population of 3,241 in 1127 households, and a population density of 110 persons per km². The total area of the village is 85.25 square kilometres (32.92 sq mi).

## Geography

Located in north-central Gunma, Kawaba is in a mountainous area. Approximately 83% of its area is covered by forests, and five rivers (the Tashiro, Sakura, Tazawa, Usune, and the Mizomata) flow through the village. Kawaba, meaning "the place of the rivers" is thought to be named after its many streams.
* Mountains: Mount Hotaka (2158m)
* Rivers: Tashiro River, Sakura River, Tazawa River, Usune River, Mizomata River

### Surrounding municipalities

Gunma Prefecture
* Katashina
* Minakami
* Numata

### Climate

Kawaba has a Humid continental climate (Köppen Cfb) characterized by warm summers and cold winters with heavy snowfall. The average annual temperature in Kawaba is 9.1 °C. The average annual rainfall is 1763 mm with September as the wettest month. The temperatures are highest on average in August, at around 21.7 °C, and lowest in January, at around -2.8 °C.

## Demographics

Per Japanese census data, the population of Kawaba has remained relatively constant for a century.

## History

The area of present-day Kawaba was part of the holdings of Numata Domain in Kōzuke Province during the Edo period. On April 1, 1889 with the creation of the modern municipalities system after the Meiji Restoration, Kawaba village was established within Tone District, Gunma. In 2002, a proposal to merge Kawaba into neighboring Numata was opposed by young local politicians, who instead proposed that the village be merged with its sister city, Setagaya, Tokyo. However, this proposal was strongly opposed by the Gunma prefectural government and met with lukewarm response from Setagaya, and the village remained independent.

## Government

Kawaba has a mayor-council form of government with a directly elected mayor and a unicameral village council of 10 members. Kawaba, together with the other municipalities in Tone District, contributes one member to the Gunma Prefectural Assembly. In terms of national politics, the town is part of Gunma 1st district of the lower house of the Diet of Japan.

## Economy

The economy of Kawaba is heavily dependent on agriculture; primarily rice, and apples and blueberries. Seasonal tourism to ski resorts and to onsen also play a major role in the economy.

## Education

Kawaba has one public elementary school and one public middle school operated by the village government. The village does not have a high school.

## Transportation

Kawaba does not have any passenger railway service and is also not connected by any national highways.

## Local attractions

* Kawaba Ski Resort
* Kichijō temple
* Roadside Station Kawaba Denen Plaza
# Union for the Homeland and the People

Union for the Homeland and the People (Greek: Ένωση για την Πατρίδα και τον Λαό) was a minor Greek political party that formed in order to take part in 2014 European Parliament Elections. The party was founded by Vyron Polydoras former deputy of New Democracy and Christos Zois, president of New Reformist Radical Reconstruction. The party also cooperated with Christian Democratic Party of the Overthrow, Panagiotis Psomiadis, a former prefect of Thessaloniki and Stelios Papathemelis, a former president of Panhellenic Macedonian Front. Eventually in European parliament elections, the party ranked in 11th place and took 59,341 votes or 1.04% of votes. Famous Greek Romani singer Makis Christodoulopoulos was a candidate in 2014.

## Election results
### European Parliament

| Election year | # of overall votes | % of overall vote | # of overall seats won | +/- | Notes |
| 2014 | 59,341 | 1.04 (#11) | 0 / 21 | | |
# Mound City

Mound City may refer to:

## Places

* Mound City, Arkansas
* Mound City, Illinois
** Mound City National Cemetery
* Mound City, Kansas
* Mound City, Missouri
* Mound City, South Dakota
* Big Mound City, near Canal Point, Florida

## Other uses

* Hopewell Culture National Historical Park, formerly designated "Mound City Group National Monument"
* The Mound City (train), operated by the Illinois Terminal Railroad between St. Louis, Missouri and Peoria, Illinois
* Mound City and Eastern Railway, in McPherson County, South Dakota
* St. Louis, Missouri, nicknamed Mound City due to the presence of several ceremonial mounds
* USS Mound City, a gunboat used by the Union in the American Civil War
# Gerard Williams (footballer)

Gerard Geron Augustus Williams (born 4 June 1988) is a Kittitian professional footballer who plays as a defender for I-League club TRAU and the Saint Kitts and Nevis national team.

## Club career
### Early career

Williams began his youth football career at Old Road Jets. Later he joined Sunderland's U21 squad.

### W Connection

In 2007, he signed for TT Pro League heavyweights W Connection from local Saint Kitts and Nevis side Old Road. He appeared in 19 CONCACAF Champions League matches with the Trinidadian side. He won some domestic and international trophies like TT Pro League, Trinidad and Tobago Charity Shield and Caribbean Club Championship with the club from 2009 to 2018.

### TRAU

In 2019, Williams signed for the Indian I-League side TRAU F.C. and represented the Manipuri outfit in 13 league matches. He scored his first goal for the club in a 2–1 win match against Churchill Brothers SC in 2020.
On 25 December 2021, rejoined TRAU ahead of the team's 2021–22 I-League season. In 2022, he appeared with TRAU against NEROCA in "Imphal Derby" in Group-C opener during the 131st edition of Durand Cup, where they were defeated by 3–1.
They later began their league journey of 2022–23 season on 15 November in their 1–1 draw against Aizawl.

## International career

He made his international debut for the Saint Kitts and Nevis national team against Barbados on 20 October in 2006.
He scored his first international goal in 2008 against Belize in a 2010 FIFA World Cup Qualification match.

## Career statistics
### International

    As of match played on 16 November 2023
| National team | Year | Apps | Goals |
| Saint Kitts and Nevis | 2006 | 3 | 0 |
| Saint Kitts and Nevis | 2007 | 2 | 0 |
| Saint Kitts and Nevis | 2008 | 5 | 1 |
| Saint Kitts and Nevis | 2009 | 2 | 1 |
| Saint Kitts and Nevis | 2010 | 8 | 0 |
| Saint Kitts and Nevis | 2011 | 6 | 0 |
| Saint Kitts and Nevis | 2012 | 3 | 0 |
| Saint Kitts and Nevis | 2013 | 0 | 0 |
| Saint Kitts and Nevis | 2014 | 6 | 0 |
| Saint Kitts and Nevis | 2015 | 6 | 0 |
| Saint Kitts and Nevis | 2016 | 8 | 0 |
| Saint Kitts and Nevis | 2017 | 6 | 0 |
| Saint Kitts and Nevis | 2018 | 5 | 0 |
| Saint Kitts and Nevis | 2019 | 7 | 0 |
| Saint Kitts and Nevis | 2020 | 0 | 0 |
| Saint Kitts and Nevis | 2021 | 6 | 0 |
| Saint Kitts and Nevis | 2022 | 2 | 0 |
| Saint Kitts and Nevis | 2023 | 10 | 0 |
| Total | Total | 85 | 2 |
    Scores and results list Saint Kitts and Nevis's goal tally first
| No. | Date | Venue | Cap | Opponent | Score | Result | Competition | Ref. |
| 1. | 6 February 2008 | Estadio Doroteo Guamuch Flores, Guatemala City, Guatemala | 6 | Belize | 1–1 | 1–3 | 2010 FIFA World Cup qualification – CONCACAF first round | |
| 2. | 12 July 2009 | Warner Park Sporting Complex, Basseterre, Saint Kitts and Nevis | 11 | Trinidad and Tobago | 2–2 | 2–3 | Friendly | |

## Honours

W Connection
* TT Pro League: 2018, 2011–12, 2013–14; runner-up: 2014–15, 2016–17, 2017
* Trinidad and Tobago Charity Shield: 2012, 2015, 2018
* Caribbean Club Championship: 2006, 2009; runner-up: 2012, 2015, 2016
# Rezaabad, Kerman

Rezaabad (Persian: رضااباد, also Romanized as Rez̤āābād) is a village in Baghin Rural District, in the Central District of Kerman County, Kerman Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 63, in 11 families.
# Zephyrium on the Calycadnus

Zephyrium or Zephyrion (Ancient Greek: Ζεφύριον), also called Zephyrium on the Calycadnus to differentiate it from other towns called Zephyrium, was a town of ancient Cilicia on the Calycadnus River near its mouth, on a promontory of the same name.
Its site is located near the mouth of the Calycadnus in Asiatic Turkey.
# Public Health (Minimum Price for Alcohol) (Wales) Act 2018

The Public Health (Minimum Price for Alcohol) (Wales) Act 2018 (anaw 5) is an Act of the National Assembly for Wales, which introduces a statutory minimum price for alcohol, initially 50p per unit, as an element in the programme to counter alcohol problems.

## Effects

Research by Newcastle University published in May 2021 found that alcohol sales dropped by 8.6% in Wales following the introduction of a minimum price, when compared to north-east England.
A study published in 2021 found reductions in overall purchases of alcohol, largely restricted to households that bought the most alcohol, which continued into 2020. A 2023 study carried out by Public Health Wales and the University of South Wales concluded that COVID-19 had a much larger impact on the behaviour of problematic drinkers, confounding any predictions on long-term behaviour.
# Dyukovskaya

Dyukovskaya (Russian: Дюковская) is a rural locality (a village) in Velsk, Velsky District, Arkhangelsk Oblast, Russia. The population was 198 as of 2010. There are 2 streets.

## Geography

Dyukovskaya is located 2 km north of Velsk (the district's administrative centre) by road. Velsk is the nearest rural locality.
# Kilu Panjeh

Kilu Panjeh (Persian: كيلوپنجه, also Romanized as Kīlū Panjeh and Kīlū Ponjeh) is a village in Jargalan Rural District, Raz and Jargalan District, Bojnord County, North Khorasan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 463, in 109 families.
# Serpent River First Nation

The Serpent River First Nation (Ojibwe: Genabaajing Anishinaabek), a signatory to the Robinson Huron Treaty of 1850, is an Anishinaabe First Nation in the Canadian province of Ontario, located midway between Sault Ste. Marie and Sudbury along the North Channel of Lake Huron.
The First Nation's provisional territory extends from this waters of the North Channel of Lake Huron, Serpent River Basin; north beyond the city of Elliot Lake. The Serpent River nation has a provisional land base of 5250 square kilometers. It occupies the Serpent River 7 reserve.
The First Nation was impacted significantly by uranium mining at Elliot Lake, including through contamination of the Serpent River.

## Notable members

* Bonnie Devine, conceptual artist, curator, filmmaker, and author
* Jesse Wente, film critic, radio personality, curator
# Birobidzhaner Shtern

The Birobidzhaner Shtern (Yiddish: ביראָבידזשאַנער שטערן; Russian: Биробиджанер Штерн Birobidžaner Štern; "The Birobidzhan Star") is a newspaper published in both Yiddish and Russian in the Jewish Autonomous Oblast of Russia. It was set up in November 1930 in Birobidzhan to cater for the newly arrived Jewish immigrants. It is the oldest national newspaper in the region.

## History

Birobidzhaner Shtern was established on October 30, 1930. Jankel Levin was first editor of the newspaper. He received the first printing equipment from China. Emmanuil Kazakevich, who was awarded the Stalin-Prize twice, the highest literary award in the country, was an author and staff member of the newspaper in 1935–1938. During the Second World War, Birobidzhaner Shtern became part of the newspaper “Birobidzhanskaya Zvezda”. In May 1945 the Birobidzhaner Shtern resumed its independent edition. The Jewish Autonomous Oblast had been set up by the Soviet government in an attempt to resolve the Jewish Question and provide an alternative to the Zionist Jewish experience offered later by Israel. The publication was interrupted in 1949 and continued since 1952. According to official data it had an edition of 12,000 in 1970. Birobidzhaner Shtern was the only newspaper in Russia that contained a section in Yiddish.
The newspaper, led by a local Yiddish-speaking woman, Yelena Sarashevskaya, features Yiddish and Russian articles written by contributors from different countries, including Yoel Matveyev and Velvl Chernin.
Mordechai Scheiner, a Yiddish speaker and the former Chief Rabbi for the Jewish Autonomous Oblast and head of the Birobidzhan Synagogue, and additional Jewish settlements such as Valdheym. was one of the paper's readers and supporters. The previous Birobidzhan rabbi Eli Riss, was born in the city and supports Yiddish activities in the city. The current rabbi, Efraim Kolpak, is also a vocal supporter of the newspaper and Yiddish activism in Birobidzhan.
In 2009 Birobidzhaner Shtern and the regional newspaper Birobidzhanskaya Zvezda united under Birobidzhan Publishing House.

## Recognitions

In 1980 Birobidzhaner Shtern was awarded the Order of the Badge of Honor.

## Chief Editors

* Henekh Kazakevich (1932–1935)
* Buzi Goldenberg (1936–1937)
* Buzi Miller (1941, 1944–1948)
* Naum (Nokhem) Fridman (1949–1950)
* Naum Korchminski (1956–1984)
* Leonid Shkolnik (1984–1988)
* Inna Dmitrienko (from 1994)
# Gdyel

Gdyel (Arabic: قديل), former Saint-Cloud, is a town and commune in District Gdyel, Oran Province, Algeria, about 15 miles to the east of Oran. Under French rule, it was the centre of a wine-growing district and was called St. Cloud.
According to the 1998 census it has a population of 29 999.
When the Americans invaded Algeria in November 1942 (Operation Torch), the troops who landed at Beach Z, between Arzew and St. Leu (now called Bethioua) were held up for two days by fierce fighting at St. Cloud. Eventually, the town was simply by-passed by Major-General Terry de La Mesa Allen, which surprised the defenders of Oran, who quickly surrendered.
# Kraski

Kraski (Belarusian: Краскі, Russian: Краски, lit.: Paints) may refer to:

## Places

* Kraski, Łódź Voivodeship, village in Poland
* Kraski, Grodno Region, village in Grodno Region, Belarus
* Kraski, Pastavy Raion, village in Vitebsk Region, Belarus
* Kraski, Vitebsk District, village in Vitebsk Region, Belarus
* Kraski, Arkhangelsk Oblast, village in Russia
* Kraski, Tver Oblast, village in Russia
# Yuki, Hiroshima (Jinseki)

Yuki (油木町, Yuki-chō) was a town located in Jinseki District, Hiroshima Prefecture, Japan.
As of 2003, the town had an estimated population of 3,089 and a population density of 31.51 persons per km². The total area of Yuki was 98.02 km². Yuki was well known for its sake and miso production, especially from the local Shinrai and Shinryu establishments, which were notable for their craftsmanship and traditional brewing methods.
On November 5, 2004, Yuki, along with the towns of Jinseki and Sanwa, and the village of Toyomatsu (all from Jinseki District), was merged to create the town of Jinsekikōgen.

## History and Culture

The region around Yuki has a history deeply connected to agricultural traditions and the production of local goods, such as sake and miso. These products, particularly those from Shinrai and Shinryu, are widely recognized within Hiroshima Prefecture for their quality and traditional production methods. The cultural heritage of the area is preserved at the Jinseki Folk Museum, where visitors can explore exhibits on the history of the Jinseki District, including items from the Jomon period and traditional folk tools. The museum also displays artifacts from the Taishakukyo Kannondo Cave Ruins nearby, providing insights into the ancient history of the region.

## Mergers

On November 5, 2004, as part of Japan's nationwide municipality mergers (平成の大合併, Heisei no Daigappei), Yuki was merged with other neighboring municipalities—Jinseki, Sanwa, and Toyomatsu—to form Jinsekikōgen. This merger aimed to streamline administrative functions and promote regional development.
# Bozhurtsi

Bozhurtsi (Bulgarian: Божурци) is a village in Chernoochene Municipality, in Kardzhali Province, in southern-central Bulgaria. It covers an area of 2.106 square kilometres and as of 2007 it had a population of 258 people.

## Landmarks

The Kardzhali Dam, located nearby and is a popular place for summer activities like swimming, water sports, and fishing.
Another important site is the Perperikon complex. This medieval site, located 19km South East, is thought to have been a sanctuary for the god Dionysus, and is included in Bulgaria's top 100 tourist spots.
# Mehdiabad-e Moaven

Mehdiabad-e Moaven (Persian: مهدي ابادمعاون, also Romanized as Mehdīābād-e Mo‘āven; also known as Mehdīābād) is a village in Azadegan Rural District, in the Central District of Rafsanjan County, Kerman Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 203, in 38 families.
# Kristiansand Airport, Kongsgårdbukta

Kristiansand Airport, Kongsgårdbukta (Norwegian: Kristiansand sjøflyhavn, Kongsgårdbukta) was a water airport serving Kristiansand, Norway, from 1934 to 1939. Situated at Kongsgårdbukta, it consisted of a floating dock and a small terminal building. Widerøe served the airport the first year, thereafter flights were carried out by Norwegian Air Lines. The airport was closed for the opening of Kristiansand Airport, Kjevik.

## History

The first aerodrome in the city was Kristiansand Naval Air Station. Situated in the city center, it opened in 1919. The Royal Norwegian Navy Air Service ran a trial air route from Oslo to Kristiansand in 1920, but this was terminated after the first season. There were also civilian flights from there in 1924, 1927 and 1928.
Kongsgårdbukta was first proposed as a site for the Naval Air Service. The municipality wanted the air station out of the city center and proposed Kongsfjordbukta. The Royal Norwegian Navy also intended to move due to the hangars being built too low. However, they never received permission and funding from the government and nothing came of the plans.
Permanent civilian air services to Kristiansand were established by Widerøe in 1934. This consisted of a coastal route from Oslo to Bergen. Unlike the previous aerodrome at Tangen, Kongsgårdbukta was selected at the landing site for these services. Widerøe carried out flights for two and a half months that summer, transporting 500 passengers and 10 tonnes of post. The following year the route was taken over by Norwegian Air Lines.
The land area, Kongsgårdsletta, was considered as a possible site for a land airport for Kristiansand, but instead Tveit was chosen. Kristiansand Airport, Kjevik opened on 1 June 1939, allowing air traffic to move there.

## Facilities

The airport was situated on the shore side of Kongsgårdbukta, a bay of Topdalsfjorden in the north-eastern part of the city center. The airport consisted of a floating dock and a small terminal building.