OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Raymond Chiao

Raymond Y. Chiao is an American physicist best known for his experimental work in quantum optics. He is currently an emeritus faculty member at the University of California, Merced physics department, where he is conducting research on gravitational radiation in collaboration with Prof. Jay Sharping.

## Biography

Raymond Chiao was born in Hong Kong on October 9, 1940, and moved as a child to the United States in 1947. He grew up in New York City, where he attended Collegiate School. It was there that he first got interested in science through reading Gamow’s book One Two Three... Infinity.
He was admitted to Princeton University in 1957 as an electrical engineer, but then switched to the physics department, where he worked on a senior thesis project given to him by John Archibald Wheeler on the quantization of general relativity. He then switched from theoretical physics to experimental physics in graduate studies at MIT under the supervision of Charles Hard Townes, shortly after the experimental realization of the ruby laser. His thesis topic was on the first observation of stimulated Brillouin scattering.
After obtaining his Ph.D. in 1965 from MIT, he taught as an assistant professor there until 1967. He moved to UC Berkeley in 1967, and remained there until 2006, where he advised at least 11 PhD students. After which he took a position at the UC's newly opened campus UC Merced.

## Discoveries

Chiao has become well known in the field of quantum optics due to several important experiments. Based on former experiments carried out by Günter Nimtz in 1992 he measured the quantum tunnelling time, which was found to be between 1.5 and 1.7 times the speed of light. Interpretation of these results is open to question (see references below pertaining to tunneling time). He also was the first to measure the topological Berry's Phase (Geometric phase).

## Current work

As of 2006, he accepted a faculty position at UC Merced and turned his full energy on the project of detecting gravitational waves through the use of superconductors. As of 2010 he became emeritus faculty but he continues to advise several PhD Students.
# Passions (1994 film)

Passions, whose title (Russian: Увлеченья, romanized: Uvlechenya) can also be translated "Enthusiasms," is a 1994 drama by Ukrainian director Kira Muratova based on the novellas of Boris Dedyukhin.
It was screened at the Locarno Festival in 1994.
It received two Nika Awards, for Best Picture and Best Director (Muratova). The picture also won the Special Jury Prize of the Kinotavr film festival.

## Plot

The film's story unfolds in a small town on the beach. Two females: a blonde - Lilia and a brunette - Violetta, are fond of horse racing and the jockeys are fond of the women. Star jockey Oleg Nikolaev teaches Violetta horse riding and another horseman who is also interested in the same girl, summons Oleg Nikolayev to a duel.

## Cast

* Renata Litvinova – Lilia
* Svetlana Kolenda – Violetta
* Mikhail Demidov – Kasyanov
* Aleksei Shevchenko – Sasha Milashevski
* Sergei Popov – instructor
# Sofia Rotaru and Chervona Ruta

Sofia Rotaru and Chervona Ruta is a 1981 studio album by Sofia Rotaru, recorded at Melodiya in the USSR. It is packaged together with Where Has Love Gone?, the film soundtrack for Where Has Love Gone?.

## Track listing

| # | English title | Original language title | Time |
| 1. | "Homeland, my native homeland" Lyrics: Music: | Ukrainian: Kraj, mij ridnyj kraj/Край, мій рідний край | : |
| 2. | "Awaiting" Lyrics: Music: | Russian: Ožidanije/Ожидание | : |
| 3. | "Happy Evening" Lyrics: Music: | Romanian: Seară albastră/Сярэ албастрэ | : |
| 4. | "Special Friend" Lyrics: Music: | Russian: Osobyj drug/Особый друг | |
| 5. | "I Hear Your Voice" Lyrics: Music: | Russian: Ja slyšu golos tvoj/Я слышу голос твой | |

## Languages of performance

Songs are performed in Russian, Ukrainian (1, 8) and Romanian (4, 5, 7, 9) languages.
# Qeshlaq-e Hajji Hasan, Ardabil

Qeshlaq-e Hajji Hasan (Persian: قشلاق حاجي حسن, also Romanized as Qeshlāq-e Ḩājjī Ḩasan) is a village in Qeshlaq-e Shomali Rural District, in the Central District of Parsabad County, Ardabil Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 94, in 21 families.
# Livu Akvaparks

Līvu Akvaparks (English: Līvu Aquapark) is the largest indoor multifunctional water park in the Baltic States and one of the biggest in Eastern Europe. The water park is one of Latvia's main tourist attractions. It is located in Jūrmala by the river Lielupe and it has more than 40 attractions, including about 20 water slides, more than 10 pools, including a wave pool, a children's area, an artificial stream, spa for adults with a cocktail bar, whirlpool, and saunas.

## History

Līvu Akvapark was opened on 30 December 2003, after two years of construction at a cost of €16 million. In early 2005 construction began on an outdoor water park and in the summer of the same year it was opened to the public. With the outdoor area, Līvu Akvapark's total space was expanded by 7,000 square metres (1.7 acres) bringing it to a total of 18,000 square metres (4.4 acres) making it the largest indoor water park in Northern Europe. In spring of 2007, the construction of a slide tower in the outdoor beach was started. Later, in 2008, an outdoor water fountain was added to celebrate the park's fifth anniversary. In 2012, it saw a complete reconstruction of the spa complex which added a salt chamber, four jacuzzis, a Turkish sauna, oxygen bath and more. In 2014, the outdoor pool was reconstructed and other attractions added. The outdoor pool has a capacity of 700 cubic metres (180,000 US gal), which is a quarter of the whole supply of water in the aqua park.
# Abu Hail

Abu Hail (Arabic: أبو هيل) is a neighbourhood in Dubai, United Arab Emirates (UAE), located in Deira. The locality is largely residential and is bordered by the localities of Al Waheda on the east, Hor Al Anz in the south and Al Baraha on the west.
The Abu Hail Shopping Centre and Dubai Labour Office are located in Abu Hail.
Abu Hail has a Metro Station on the Green Line of the Dubai Metro in Dubai, UAE.

## History

Abu Hail is mentioned in the 1830 British survey of the Trucial Coast: "Aboo Heyle is a small village situated about three miles to the SW of Sharjah, on the same creek with Khan village, on the other bank. They jointly contain about two hundred and fifty inhabitants, of various tribles, mostly fishermen, and are subject to Sharjah." A slightly earlier survey, under Captain Robert Taylor, has the village 'under Sheikh Ali Mohamed of the tribe Matarish'.
The settlement and port of Abu Hail were bombarded on 18 January 1820 by British forces during the Persian Gulf campaign of 1819, following the fall of Ras Al Khaimah. The action resulted in the General Maritime Treaty of 1820, which led to the recognition of the coastal emirates as the Trucial States and, eventually, to the formation of the United Arab Emirates in December 1971.
By the turn of the 20th century, Abu Hail was effectively abandoned and only occupied, by people from both Al Khan and Dubai, during the date harvest.

## Metro Station

Abu Hail (Arabic: أبو هيل) is a Metro station on the Green Line of the Dubai Metro in Dubai, UAE, serving the Abu Hail and Hor Al Anz areas in Deira.
The station opened as part of the Green Line on 9 September 2011. It is close to the Abu Hail Center and the Pearl Wisdom School Dubai. The station is also close to a number of bus routes.
# Onochie

Onochie is an igbo given name for women, meaning the one who replaces. Notable people include:
* Lawrence Onochie, NIgerian pastor and public speaker
* Onochie Quincy Enunwa, Footballer
* Achike, Onochie, Athletics
* Igwe Felix Onochie
# Langley Park, County Durham

Langley Park is a village in County Durham, England. The historic city of Durham lies 4 miles (6.4 km) to the east.
The village has a wide variety of shops and amenities and is also home to Diggerland, where children of all ages can take control of a variety of heavy machinery and take rides over the former colliery ground on bulldozers and Land Rovers. The village has a primary school which includes nursery, reception, infant and junior classes.
The Lanchester Valley Railway Path runs along the northern edge of Langley Park on the site of the disused Consett Iron Works railway line. It is designated as National Route 14 on the Sustrans National Cycle Network which runs from Haswell, via Durham City, to Consett.
Langley Park has grown steadily in recent years and has benefited from the influx of new residents, who are attracted to the village by the construction of several housing developments. Current housing projects are underway on the site of the former Kings Picture house and Hilltop View and plans are in hand to construct houses on the current site of Anderson & Young coachworks.
The River Browney, which flows to the north of the village, has recovered from the effects of contamination caused by a century of local industry and is fished regularly both by anglers and by otters who have made a welcome return to the river in recent years.
There are Commonwealth War Graves in the cemetery of the Anglican church, All Saints in Langley Park, which is also the only grave of the unknown soldier outside London.

## History
### Langley Park Colliery

The sinking of the first shaft was begun in 1871. This shaft was still in existence in 1975.

## Film, TV and literature

The producers of the 2000 film Billy Elliot filmed one of the scenes in the changing rooms of Langley Park school. This was just one of many occasions where the village has been used as a location for film and television productions. These include Days of Hope (1974), The Stars Look Down (1975), A Captain's Tale (1982) and Ripping Yarns (1977).
The BBC television comedy The Fast Show also used the village as a location, with Railway Street being frequently employed as a set to film scenes of "Unlucky Alf". Railway Street's main attraction for film and TV companies is that it has remained essentially unchanged from the time of its construction in the late 19th century (although most – if not all – residents no longer have to leave their house and cross the street to the outside lavatories that remain as a reminder of a bygone age).
Such lavatories are described in detail in The Bootlace Boys, a novel by Eric Collinson that is set in Langley Park at the turn of the century, describing Langley Park villagers both at home and on the Western Front during the Great War.

## People

In 1988 the group Prefab Sprout released the album From Langley Park to Memphis. Group members Paddy and Martin McAloon were brought up in the nearby village of Witton Gilbert.
The village was also the childhood home of former Ipswich Town, England, Barcelona and Newcastle manager Sir Bobby Robson, who went to school there. His family still live in the village.
# Darreh Rast

Darreh Rast (Persian: دره راست, also Romanized as Darreh Rāst) is a village in Kamazan-e Sofla Rural District, Zand District, Malayer County, Hamadan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 29, in 10 families.
# Aviaport, Olyokminsky District, Sakha Republic

Aviaport (Russian: Авиапорт) is a rural locality (a selo), one of five settlements, in addition to Olyokminsk, the administrative centre of the settlement, Zaton LORPa, Neftebaza and Selivanovo in the Town of Olyokminsk of Olyokminsky District in the Sakha Republic, Russia. It is located 5 kilometers (3.1 mi) from Olyokminsk. Its population as of the 2002 Census was 480.
# Si subdistrict

Si (Thai: สิ, pronounced) is a tambon (subdistrict) of Khun Han District, in Si Sa Ket Province, Thailand. In 2017 it had a total population of 11,476 people.

## Administration
### Central administration

The tambon is subdivided into 14 administrative villages (muban).
| No. | Name | Thai |
| 01. | Ban Si | บ้านสิ |
| 02. | Ban Krathing | บ้านกระทิง |
| 03. | Ban Nong Khaen | บ้านหนองแคน |
| 04. | Ban Non Sawang | บ้านโนนสว่าง |
| 05. | Ban Siwalai | บ้านศิวาลัย |
| 06. | Ban Si Khun Han | บ้านศรีขุนหาญ |
| 07. | Ban Huai | บ้านห้วย |
| 08. | Ban Nong Laeng | บ้านหนองแล้ง |
| 09. | Ban Non | บ้านโนน |
| 10. | Ban Mai Phatthana | บ้านใหม่พัฒนา |
| 11. | Ban Non Si Thong | บ้านโนนศรีทอง |
| 12. | Ban Siri Khun Han | บ้านสิริขุนหาญ |
| 13. | Ban Siwarak | บ้านศิวารักษ์ |
| 14. | Ban Sala | บ้านศาลา |

### Local administration

The area of the subdistrict is shared by 2 local governments.
* the subdistrict municipality (Thesaban Tambon) Khun Han (เทศบาลตำบลขุนหาญ)
* the subdistrict municipality (Thesaban Tambon) Si (เทศบาลตำบลสิ)
# Criminal Ordinance of 1670

The Criminal Ordinance of 1670 (French: Ordonnance criminelle de 1670, or Ordonnance criminelle de Colbert) was a Great Ordinance dealing with criminal procedure which was enacted in France under the reign of King Louis XIV. Made in Saint-Germain-en-Laye, the Ordinance was registered by the Parlement of Paris on 26 August 1670 and came into effect on 1 January 1671. It was one of the first legal texts attempting to codify criminal law in France. It remained in force until the French Revolution, when it was abrogated by a decree adopted by the National Constituent Assembly on 9 October 1789.
The act broadened the jurisdiction of the nationwide policing force Maréchaussée to include burglary and popular disorder and confirmed its power to arrest any offender. It also sought to combat abuse of their authority by putting enforcement under the supervision of local royal courts.

## History

The Ancien regime ruled without a penal code. On the other hand, they had a code of criminal procedure in the form of the ordonnance criminelle de 1670.

## Objectives

Major goals of the ordinance, were: to let no crime go unpunished; to prevent an innocent person for being convicted of a crime he did not commit; and to enable the judge to apply the criminal law with exactitude, which is to say, to establish a precise proportionality between the offense and the punishment for the offense.
# Skaručna

Skaručna (pronounced; German: Skarutschna) is a village in the Municipality of Vodice in the Upper Carniola region of Slovenia.

## Church

The local church is dedicated to Saint Lucy and was built between 1662 and 1665. It was a popular pilgrimage church with people with a variety of eye diseases because Saint Lucy is considered the patron saint of the blind.
# NSB Class 65

NSB Class 65 (Norwegian: NSB type 65) was a three-car electric multiple unit operated by the Norwegian State Railways between 1936 and 1985. It was mainly used for local trains as well as branch lines. A total of 49 units were delivered between 1936 and 1949. The motor cars were built by Norsk Elektrisk & Brown Boveri and Skabo while the centre and end cars were built by Strømmen.
There are three series of Class 65. The A-series is rebuilt passenger carriages in wood totaling 10 units. The B-series consists of 13 steel units built in 1942 while a total of 22 C-series units were delivered 1949-51. Type 65 was quite successful and both Class 67 and Class 68 are based on it.
Units have been preserved by the Norwegian Railway Association, NBVJ in Nora, Freunde des Schienenverkehrs Flensburg, Minden Museum Railway and Colne Valley Railway.
# Kuyreh Guyzeh

Kuyreh Guyzeh (Persian: كويره گويزه, also Romanized as Kūyreh Gūyzeh; also known as Kūreh Gūzeh and Kūyreh Kūyz) is a village in Buin Rural District, Nanur District, Baneh County, Kurdistan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 45, in 7 families. The village is populated by Kurds.
# 1st Arabian Gulf Cup

The 1st Arabian Gulf Cup (Arabic: دورة كأس الخليج العربي الأولى) was the first edition of the Arabian Gulf Cup. The first tournament was held in Bahrain. It was won by the Kuwait, who defeated the hosts in the final match to finish first in the round-robin group. The tournament took place from 27 March to 3 April 1970.

## Venues

| Isa Town | Isa Town |
| Isa Town | Isa Town Stadium |
| Isa Town | Capacity: 15,000 |

## Match officials

| Country | Referee |
| Egypt | Sobhi Naseer |
| Kuwait | Yousef Al-Suwaidan |
| Saudi Arabia | Abdulrahman Al-Daham |
| Sudan | Abdeen Ibrahim |

## Tournament

The four teams in the tournament played a single round-robin style competition. The team achieving first place in the overall standings was the tournament winner.
All times are local, AST (UTC+3).
| Team | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | Pts |
| Kuwait | 3 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 10 | 4 | +6 | 6 |
| Bahrain | 3 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 3 | 4 | –1 | 3 |
| Saudi Arabia | 3 | 0 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 4 | –2 | 2 |
| Qatar | 3 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 4 | 7 | –3 | 1 |

### Result

* 1st Arabian Gulf Cup winners
* Kuwait First title

## Statistics
### Goalscorers

There were 19 goals scored in 6 matches, for an average of 3.17 goals per match.
3 goals
* Mohammed Al-Masoud
* Jawad Khalaf
2 goals
* Mahmoud Diksin
* Khaled Ballan
1 goal
* Yousef Ameen
* Ahmed Salmeen
* Hassan Zulaikh
* Farouq Ibrahim
* Khalaf Sattam
* Sulaiman Almas
* Mubarak Faraj
* Mohammed Saad Al-Abdali
* Alnoor Mousa

### Awards
#### Player of the Tournament

* Khaled Ballan

#### Top Scorer

* Mohammed Al-Masoud (3 goals)
* Jawad Khalaf (3 goals)

#### Goalkeeper of the Tournament

* Ahmed Eid Al-Harbi
# LBR West Zone

Liga Bolasepak Rakyat (English: Malaysia People's Football League) is the fourth-tier football league in Malaysia. The league is managed by Liga Bolasepak Rakyat-Limited Liability Partnership (LBR-LLP) and it is an amateur-level competition. It was established in 2015 to provide an alternative entry point for young players. For 2016–17 season, there are a total of 108 clubs participated in the league to represent their district out of more than 150 possible districts in the country to play in the league. The clubs were divided into 8 zones according to their regional location.
The current champion is Kuching, a club from Borneo Zone 2 which won the league in 2015-16 season.

## LBR West Zone

There are 14 clubs competing in West Zone this season.
* Barat Daya
* Seberang Prai Selatan
* Timur Laut Baru
* Batang Padang
* Kuala Kangsar
* Hilir Perak
* Manjung
* Kampar
* Ipoh (Kinta)
* Batu Gajah (Kinta)
* Kerian
* Lenggong (Hulu Perak)
* Grik (Hulu Perak)
* Tanjung Malim (Muallim)
The team that did not compete for the season 2016/2017
* Sungai Siput (Kuala Kangsar)
* Perak Tengah

### Competition format

For the western zone, all 14 teams are divided into 3 groups. Preliminary round or a group matches will take place on a home away basis. All group winners will compete in the playoffs where no return leg will take place. 2 best teams in the playoffs will advance to the national level
Group A
* Tanjung Malim (Muallim)
* Kerian
* Lenggong (Hulu Perak)
* Batang Padang
* Timur Laut Baru
Group B
* Manjung
* Seberang Prai Selatan
* Kampar
* Batu Gajah (Kinta)
* Kuala Kangsar
Group C
* Ipoh (Kinta)
* Barat Daya
* Hilir Perak
* Grik (Hulu Perak)
# Gryazinsky District

Gryazinsky District (Russian: Гря́зинский райо́н) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the eighteen in Lipetsk Oblast, Russia. It is located in the southeast of the oblast. The area of the district is 1,360 square kilometers (530 sq mi). Its administrative center is the town of Gryazi. Population: 77,637 (2021 Census); 75,159 (2010 Census); 73,622 (2002 Census); 26,821 (1989 Soviet census). The population of Gryazi accounts for 56.6% of the district's total population.
# Roman van Ferguut

The Roman van Ferguut (English: Romance of Fergus) is a 13th-century Arthurian romance written in what is now called Middle Dutch (historically classified as [Low] German). The first part of the Roman was translated fairly accurately from the Scottish French language work known as the Roman de Fergus, but the second part, possibly the work of another author, was much more loosely derived. The Roman van Ferguut today has wide fame as a Dutch classic, certainly more fame than the Roman de Fergus possesses in either Scotland or France. In 2000, it was translated into English by the American scholar David F Johnson.
# Lee Thompson (sprinter)

Lee Thompson (born 5 March 1997) is an English sprinter specialising in the 400 metres. He won the gold medal in the 4 × 400 metres relay at the 2017 European U23 Championships.

## International competitions

| Year | Competition | Venue | Position | Event | Notes |
| Representing Great Britain ||||||
| 2017 | European U23 Championships | Bydgoszcz, Poland | 1st | 4 × 400 m relay | 3:03.65 |
| 2018 | World Indoor Championships | Birmingham, United Kingdom | 14th (sf) | 400 m | 46.81 |
| 2018 | World Indoor Championships | Birmingham, United Kingdom | 6th | 4 × 400 m relay | 3:05.08 |
| 2019 | European U23 Championships | Gavle, Sweden | 2nd | 4 × 400 m relay | 3:04.59 |
| 2019 | World Championships | Doha, Qatar | 8th (h) | 4 × 400 m relay | 3:01.96$^1$ |
| 2021 | European Indoor Championships | Toruń, Poland | 13th (sf) | 400 m | 46.69 |
| 2021 | European Indoor Championships | Toruń, Poland | 3rd | 4 × 400 m relay | 3:06.70 |
| 2021 | Olympic Games | Tokyo, Japan | 14th (h) | 4 × 400 m relay | 3:03.29 |
| 2021 | Olympic Games | Tokyo, Japan | 6th (f) | 4 × 400 m mixed relay | 3:11.95 |
$^1$Did not finish in the final

## Personal bests

Outdoor
* 100 metres – 10.66 (Sheffield 2021)
* 200 metres – 21.26 (Nuneaton 2023)
* 300 metres – 32.75 (Sheffield 2021)
* 400 metres – 46.20 (Nuneaton 2020)
Indoor
* 200 metres – 21.13 (Sheffield 2023)
* 400 metres – 46.23 (Birmingham 2018)
# Bozcaada Castle

Bozcaada Castle (Turkish: Bozcaada kalesi) is a castle in the Turkish island of Bozcaada (known as Tenedos before the 15th century).

## Geography

The castle is in the northeast of the island, just north of the Bozcaada town at 39°50′N 26°04′E﻿ / ﻿39.833°N 26.067°E﻿ / 39.833; 26.067 in Çanakkale Province. Visitors to the castle use the ferry line from Geyikli in the mainland (Anatolia) to the island. The castle is within walking distance from the ferry terminal.

## History

There was a castle on the island before the 14th century, of undocumented construction and date: it was possibly built by the Phoenicians, Romans or Venetians. However, the castle was demolished after the War of Chioggia between Venice and Genoa on the advice of the Pope. When Mehmet II of the Ottoman Empire conquered the island in 1455 he rebuilt the castle. In July 1656, during the Cretan War, a Venice fleet commanded by Giacomo Loredano captured the castle. But Ottomans under Köprülü Mehmet Pasha recaptured the castle in August 1657. Soon after the reconquest, the castle underwent a great renewal. A second renewal was carried on in 1815 by the sultan Mahmut II.

## Architecture

There are two sections; bailey and the citadel. There is a moat of 250 metres (820 ft) length and 10 metres (33 ft) width to the south of the castle. Within the citadel there are cisterns, an arsenal, an infirmary, a well, a mosque and various rooms. Formally The gate of the castle was a saracen gate over the moat.
# Ričice, Travnik

Ričice is a village in the municipality of Travnik, Bosnia and Herzegovina.

## Demographics

According to the 2013 census, its population was 584.
Ethnicity in 2013 :
| Ethnicity | Number | Percentage |
| Croats | 578 | 99.0% |
| Serbs | 4 | 0.7% |
| other/undeclared | 2 | 0.3% |
| Total | 584 | 100% |
# Church of St George, Panagyurishte

The Church of St George (Bulgarian: Църква Свети Георги) is a Bulgarian National Revival church in the town of Panagyurishte, Pazardzhik Province. The church is situated at 300 m to the north-west of the town's central square. It is considered the main church of the town and when built St George was among Bulgaria's largest and most imposing churches.
The construction of the church began in 1856 and ended in 1860. It is a large edifice with two symmetrical towers and a colonnade on the western facade. The colonnade used to be painted but the frescoes were destroyed when the Ottomans burned the town during the April Uprising in 1876. The church was restored between 1878 and 1880. The new iconostasis was made by craftsmen from Struga.
The church is named after St George, the patron saint of Bulgaria.