OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Bahram al-Armani

Abu'l Muzaffar Bahram al-Armani al-Hafizi (Arabic: بهرام) was the vizier of the Fatimid Caliphate in 1135–1137, under the Caliph al-Hafiz li-Din Allah.

## Sources

* Biography portal
* Fatimid Caliphate portal
* al-Imad, Leila S. (1990). The Fatimid Vizierate (979-1172). Berlin: Klaus Schwarz Verlag. ISBN 3-922968-82-1., pp. 109–117
* Brett, Michael (2017). The Fatimid Empire. The Edinburgh History of the Islamic Empires. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press. ISBN 978-0-7486-4076-8.
* Canard, Marius (1960). "Bahrām". In Gibb, H. A. R.; Kramers, J. H.; Lévi-Provençal, E.; Schacht, J.; Lewis, B. & Pellat, Ch. (eds.). The Encyclopaedia of Islam, Second Edition. Volume I: A–B. Leiden: E. J. Brill. pp. 939–940. doi:10.1163/1573-3912_islam_SIM_1070. OCLC 495469456.
* Dadoyan, Seta B. (1997). The Fatimid Armenians: Cultural and Political Interaction in the Near East. Leiden, New York, and Köln: Brill. ISBN 90-04-10816-5.
* Dadoyan, Seta B. (2011). "Bahrām". In Fleet, Kate; Krämer, Gudrun; Matringe, Denis; Nawas, John; Rowson, Everett (eds.). Encyclopaedia of Islam (3rd ed.). Brill Online. doi:10.1163/1573-3912_ei3_COM_23807. ISSN 1873-9830.
* Halm, Heinz (2014). Kalifen und Assassinen: Ägypten und der vordere Orient zur Zeit der ersten Kreuzzüge, 1074–1171 [Caliphs and Assassins: Egypt and the Near East at the Time of the First Crusades, 1074–1171] (in German). Munich: C.H. Beck. ISBN 978-3-406-66163-1.
| Preceded byHasan ibn al-Hafiz | Vizier of the Fatimid Caliphate 1135–1137 | Succeeded byRidwan ibn Walakhshi |
* This Armenian biographical article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
* This Egyptian biographical article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
# Russian submarine Forel

Forel (Russian: Форель, German: Forelle - Trout) was a midget submarine designed by Raimundo Lorenzo de Equevilley Montjustín [de] and built by Krupp in Kiel, Germany. The design was an experimental design built as a private venture by Krupp in hopes of attracting a contract from the Imperial German Navy. Although the design proved moderately successful, the submarine did not attract German naval attention. She was purchased by the Imperial Russian Navy (IRN) in 1904 and served with the IRN until she was lost in a diving accident in 1910. She had the distinction of being the first submarine to have been built in Germany, preceding SM U-1. Forel was succeeded in service by the Krab class (one ship).

## Design

Forelle was a single-hull boat designed with internal ballast and compensating tanks. She had fixed angled aft planes, and movable forward units for dive control. This boat had to be carried into action on board a surface ship and launched close to its target, as she was not fitted with a separate surface propulsion system. She was equipped with two Whitehead torpedoes.

## Operational history

The Imperial Russian Navy purchased the submarine in May 1904 for service in the Russo-Japanese War. It was shipped from Kiel to Liepāja by railway, together with a team of German engineers to train the Russian crew, and was commissioned at Kronstadt on 21 August 1904. It was then sent via the Trans-Siberian Railway to Vladivostok, arriving on 29 September, and joined the Siberian Flotilla on 2 October, becoming the first Russian submarine in the Pacific. Although the submarine did not see combat during the Russo-Japanese War, its presence had an important psychological effect.
Forel continued to operate out of Vladivostok after the war; however, by 1908 it was considered obsolete and was re-classed as a training vessel. The submarine sank in an accident on 17 May 1910. The crew managed to escape, and the ship was salvaged from a depth of 26 metres (85 ft). Vice Admiral Ivan Grigorovich authorized it to be returned to Liepāja for repairs, but shipping was never implemented.
# Kiepert Island

Kiepert Island (Norwegian: Kiepertøya) is the second-largest of the Bastian Islands in the Svalbard archipelago. It lies east of Wilhelm Island and northeast of Spitsbergen.
The island consists of two parts: an eastern part with a length of about 2.7 kilometers (1.7 mi) with an east–west orientation, and a western part with a length of about 3.5 kilometers (2.2 mi) with a north–south orientation. The two parts are connected by a sandbank. The island is a low basalt cliff that reaches an elevation of 31 meters (102 ft) above sea level in its northeast part, 35 meters (115 ft) to the southwest, and 34 meters (112 ft) to the east. The closest neighboring islands are Deegen Island about 770 meters (2,530 ft) to the west and Tobiesen Island about 2.1 kilometers (1.3 mi) to the south. The wildlife consists largely of polar bears.
The Bastian Islands were discovered in 1867 by the Swedish-Norwegian polar explorer Nils Fredrik Rønnbeck, who was the first to sail around Spitsbergen. Most of the Bastian Islands were named during the First German North Polar Expedition in 1868, led by Carl Koldewey, and this island was named after the German geographer and cartographer Heinrich Kiepert.
# Rhynchodipterus

Rhynchodipterus is a genus of prehistoric lungfish that lived during the late Devonian period.
# Krupa, Semič

Krupa (pronounced; German: Krupp) is a small village in the Municipality of Semič in Slovenia. It lies at the source of the Krupa River, a left tributary of the Lahinja River. The area is part of the historical region of White Carniola. The municipality is now included in the Southeast Slovenia Statistical Region.
This village is known for the spring of the Krupa River. This river is infamous because of its PCB pollution due to improper handling of PCB waste material, which has been used for decades by the capacitor manufacturing company Iskra Kondenzatorji in nearby Semič.
# Ivot

Ivot (Russian: Иво́т) is an urban-type settlement in Dyatkovsky District of Bryansk Oblast, Russia. Population: 5,844 (2021 Census); 6,374 (2010 Census); 6,422 (2002 Census); 6,972 (1989 Soviet census).
# Al Markhiya

Al Markhiya (Arabic: المرخية, romanized: Al Markhīyah) is a neighborhood of the Qatari capital Doha. It is one of the later-developed areas of northern Doha. The district hosts three awsaq al-furjan complexes, which are part of a public development project to host all commercial establishments in centralized areas.

## Etymology

The district received its name from a tree that grows abundantly in the area known locally as "markh" (Leptadenia pyrotechnica).

## History

In J.G. Lorimer's 1908 geography section of the Gazetteer of the Persian Gulf, Al Markhiya was described as a camping ground with a masonry well and a garden. The garden, which was established by former emir Jassim bin Mohammed Al Thani, was enclosed by a wall and was used for date palm cultivation. Lorimer noted that it appeared to be one of the only seven sizable date palm plantations in Qatar.

## Geography

Al Markhiya borders the following districts:
* Lejbailat to the east, separated by Abdul Aziz Bin Jassim Street.
* Hazm Al Markhiya to the north, separated by Al Markhiya Street.
* Dahl Al Hamam to the west, separated by Bu Shaddad Street.
* Fereej Kulaib to the south, separated by Khalifa Street.

## Landmarks
### Al Hazm Mall

Partially opened in May 2017 by Al Emady Enterprise, Al Hazm Mall is a luxurious shopping complex bearing Italian-style architecture. At a cost of QR 3 billion, the marble was imported from Italy, the stone from Palestine, and its architects were flown in from Rajasthan, India. It is accessible through Al Markhiya Street.

### Al Markhiya Sports Club

Al Markhiya Sports Club's headquarters and stadium are located off of Al Markhiya Street.

## Transport

Major roads that run through the district are Abdul Aziz Bin Jassim Street, Al Markhiya Street and Khalifa Street.

## Demographics

As of the 2010 census, the district comprised 1009 housing units and 200 establishments. There were 5,197 people living in the district, of which 56% were male and 44% were female. Out of the 5,179 inhabitants, 69% were 20 years of age or older and 31% were under the age of 20. The literacy rate stood at 97.2%.
Employed persons made up 53% of the total population. Females accounted for 30% of the working population, while males accounted for 70% of the working population.
| Year | Population |
| 1986 | 1,419 |
| 1997 | 2,179 |
| 2004 | 2,952 |
| 2010 | 5,197 |
# Cedar Lake (Morris County, New Jersey)

Cedar Lake is a 99-acre (40 ha), residential lake, private community and unincorporated community located within Denville Township, Morris County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey. The community's governing body, the Cedar Lake Property Owners, has been maintaining its 320 acres (1.3 km$^2$) of land since June 2, 1925.

## History

Cedar Lake was originally a small, natural, spring-fed body of water. In its early days, the lake was used as an ice factory, where the frozen water was harvested and sold during the winters. The lake was dammed and its size was increased to improve the ice harvesting. In 1906, when it was still called Cranberry Lake or Silver Lake, it was purchased by M. W. Raynes and George B. Wright under their company Cedar Lake Park, Inc. The developers marketed their property as a summer resort and built cabins, lodges, and camps for its new residents. Many wealthy New Yorkers vacationed at the lake during weekends, including prominent figures such as Babe Ruth, who stayed in a house on the West Side of the lake. Cedar Lake Park, Inc. went bankrupt in 1924, and the Cedar Lake Property Owners (CLPO) was incorporated and eventually took over ownership of the lake, roads and certain lots from the prior owner. As transportation improved and major highways were built through Denville, houses were built on most of the lots surrounding the lake. Today, over 300 families live in the Cedar Lake Community.

## Recreation

The lake is used for many recreational activities, including: swimming, fishing, ice skating, and non-motor boating. The lake has two sand beaches and a floating dock, and which are used by most members of the lake, especially throughout the summer months. The Cedar Lake Community Club (CLCC) runs a clubhouse available to all members of the lake, which provides a tennis court, basketball court, and a playground, organizes many community activities, and hosts a bar for the adults every Friday night.
Cedar Lake is a member of a local athletic organization called Hub Lakes, which includes other local communities: Lake Valhalla, Lake Arrowhead, Estling Lake, Indian Lake, Lake Intervale, Mountain Lakes, Lake Parsippany, Rainbow Lake, Rock Ridge, Lake Telemark, and White Meadow Lake. Hub Lakes provides competition between the lakes in bowling, diving, golf, horseshoes, roller hockey, softball, swimming, table tennis, tennis, track & field, and volleyball.
# Chenar-e Arabha

Chenar-e Arabha (Persian: چنارعربها, also Romanized as Chenār-e 'Arabhā) is a village in Tarrud Rural District, in the Central District of Damavand County, Tehran Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 330, in 93 families.
# St. Mary's Cathedral, Batticaloa

The Cathedral of St. Mary (Tamil: புனித மரியன்னை பேராலயம், romanized: Puṉita Mariyaṉṉai Pērālayam; Sinhala: ශාන්ත මරියා ආසන දෙව් මැදුර Śānta Mariyā Āsana Dev Mædura) is a Cathedral of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Batticaloa in Puliyanthivu. The cathedral is a landmark and Catholic historical icon in the district of Batticaloa, Sri Lanka. It was first built in 1808 by Paschal Mudaliyar.
It was co- cathedral under Diocese of Trincomalee-Batticaloa and became a cathedral after the creation of Diocese of Batticaloa in 2012.
# Mortierellales

Mortierellales Caval.-Sm., 1998 is a monotypic fungal order, within the phylum of Zygomycota and the monotypic, division of Mortierellomycota. It contains only 1 known family, Mortierellaceae Luerss., Handb. Syst. Bot. 1: 63. 1877, and 6 genera and around 129 species.

## Genera

* Aquamortierella - 1 sp.
* Dissophora - 3 sp.
* Gamsiella - 1 sp.
* Lobosporangium - 1 sp.
* Modicella - 3 sp.
* Mortierella - 120 sp.
# Luqiao, Taizhou

Luqiao District (simplified Chinese: 路桥区; traditional Chinese: 路橋區; pinyin: Lùqiáo Qū; Tai-chow dialect: Lu-giao K'ü) is a district of Taizhou in Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China. The district has an area of 274 square kilometres (106 sq mi) and a population of approximately 425,200.
Luqiao District was established in 1994, having previously been a town under the administration of Huangyan County (present-day Huangyan District). Luqiao is the location of Taizhou Luqiao Airport.

## Economy

Luqiao District hosts the headquarters of Taizhou Commercial Bank and Zhejiang Tailong Commercial Bank, making it the financial capital of Taizhou. Geely car group originated from Luqiao and has a large manufacturing base in the district.

## Administrative divisions

Luqiao District is divided into 6 subdistricts and 4 towns:
* Lunan Subdistrict (路南街道)
* Luqiao Subdistrict (路桥街道)
* Lubei Subdistrict (路北街道)
* Luoyang Subdistrict (螺洋街道)
* Tongyu Subdistrict (桐屿街道)
* Fengjiang Subdistrict (峰江街道)
* Xinqiao (新桥镇)
* Hengjie (横街镇)
* Jinqing (金清镇)
* Pengjie (蓬街镇)
# Justice Ministry Employees' Union

The Justice Ministry Workers' Union (Japanese: 全法務省労働組合, Zenhomu) is a trade union representing workers at the Ministry of Justice in Japan.
The union was founded in 1947, and was soon affiliated with the National Council of Government and Public Workers' Unions, and later with the General Council of Trade Unions of Japan (Sohyo). In 1975, it became part of the new Japan Federation of National Public Service Employees' Unions, while retaining its separate identity. In 1980, the union had 10,298 members, but by 2021 this had fallen to around 5,000.
# Muttenz railway station

Muttenz railway station (German: Bahnhof Muttenz) is a railway station in the municipality of Muttenz, in the Swiss canton of Basel-Landschaft. It is an intermediate stop on the Bözberg and Hauenstein lines. East the station is the northwestern portal of the Adler Tunnel [de], which bypasses two stations and provides a direct route to Liestal.

## Services

As of the December 2020 timetable change, the following services stop at Muttenz:
* Basel trinational S-Bahn:
** S1: half-hourly service between Basel SBB and Stein-Säckingen and hourly service from Stein-Säckingen to Frick or Laufenburg.
** S3: half-hourly service between Olten and Laufen and hourly service from Laufen to Porrentruy.
# Ryōji Arai

Ryōji Arai (荒井 良二) (born 1956) is a Japanese illustrator. For his career contribution to "children's and young adult literature in the broadest sense" he won the Astrid Lindgren Memorial Award from the Swedish Arts Council in 2005, the one of the largest cash prizes in children's literature.

## Life

Arai was born in Yamagata in 1956 and educated at Nihon University Yamagata Junior & Senior High School. He studied art at Nihon University and he lives in Tokyo. His first published work was the picture book Melody in 1990. That year he won the "Grand Award for new illustrators" (quoting the Swedish Arts Council).
# Artur Meliashkevich

Artur Meliashkevich (Belarusian: Артур Меляшкевіч; born April 11, 1975) is a retired male race walker from Belarus. He set his personal best (1:18.12) in the men's 20 km event on March 10, 2001 in Brest, Belarus.

## Achievements

| Year | Competition | Venue | Position | Event | Notes |
| Representing Belarus ||||||
| 1994 | World Junior Championships | Lisbon, Portugal | 3rd | 10,000 m | 40:35.52 |
| 1995 | World Race Walking Cup | Beijing, PR China | 44th | 20 km | 1:26:53 |
| 1997 | World Race Walking Cup | Poděbrady, Czech Republic | 8th | 20 km | 1:19:33 |
| 1997 | European U23 Championships | Turku, Finland | 3rd | 20 km | 1:22:26 |
| 1997 | World Championships | Athens, Greece | 20th | 20 km | 1:25:47 |
| 1998 | European Championships | Budapest, Hungary | — | 20 km | DSQ |
| 1999 | World Race Walking Cup | Mézidon-Canon, France | 45th | 20 km | 1:28:57 |
| 2000 | European Race Walking Cup | Eisenhüttenstadt, Germany | 8th | 20 km | 1:20:53 |
| 2000 | Olympic Games | Sydney, Australia | 21st | 20 km | 1:24:50 |
| 2001 | World Championships | Edmonton, Canada | — | 20 km | DSQ |
| 2002 | World Race Walking Cup | Turin, Italy | 10th | 20 km | 1:23:57 |
# British Libyans

British Libyans are citizens or residents of the United Kingdom that are of Libyan ancestry. British-Libyans may also include children born in the United Kingdom to a British (or of any other origin) parent and a Libyan parent.

## Demographics

The 2011 UK Census recorded 14,284 Libyan-born residents in England, 762 in Wales, 1,327 in Scotland and 79 in Northern Ireland. Manchester is home to the largest Libyan population in the UK, with estimates going between 5,000 and 10,000 people of Libyan descent.

## Notable British-Libyans or Libyans residing in the United Kingdom

* Ali Omar Ermes: writer and artist whose art has been showcased across The British Museum and Tate Britain.
* Asia Alfasi: artist and manga-influenced comic writer. She is the first female to participant and win on Hi8us Midlands Stripsearch competition and is a recipient of an award from the International Manga and Anime Festival (IMAF).
* Nada Bashir: journalist and correspondent
* Hisham Matar: writer and novelist. He is a recipient of the Pulitzer Prize (2017) and PEN America Jean Stein Book Award.
* Mohammed El Senussi: son of Crown Prince Hasan as-Senussi of Libya.
* Tarek Ben Halim: former investment banker and founder of Alfanar; an Arab venture philanthropy organisation for development in the Arab region.

## Associations or Community Centres

* Libyan Youth Association, Manchester
Community Arabic schools
* London Libyan School
* Leeds Libyan School
* Manchester Libyan School
* Leicester Libyan School
* Cardiff Libyan School
* Glasgow Libyan School
* Newcastle Libyan School

## Media

* Hiwar Mushtark Show: Arabic برنامح حوار مشترك : an audience-panel debate show where British-Libyans and Libyans in the UK come and discuss issues of their community in UK and issues of Libya. The program ran across a number of seasons.
# John Keenan

John Keenan may refer to:
* John F. Keenan (1929–2024), United States federal judge in New York
* John Keenan (bishop) (born 1964), Bishop of Paisley, Scotland
* John Keenan (Gaelic footballer) (born 1942), Irish retired sportsperson
* John Keenan (Medal of Honor) (c. 1840–1906), United States Army soldier during the Indian Wars
* John D. Keenan (born 1965), member of the Massachusetts House of Representatives
* John F. Keenan (state senator) (born 1964), member of the Massachusetts Senate
* John R. Keennan (1939–2015), baseball scout for the Los Angeles Dodgers club

## Others

* John Keenan (Holby Blue), fictional character in the British television series Holby Blue
# Tafsir al-Qurtubi

Tafsir al-Qurtubi (Arabic: تفسير القرطبي) is a 13th-century work of Qur'an exegesis (Arabic: tafsir) by the classical scholar Al-Qurtubi. Considered one of the best and most iconic tafsirs to date. The tafsir of Al-Qurtubi is regarded as one of the most compendious exegesis of them all and is truly among the most popular. Tafsir al-Qurtubi is also known as Al-Jami' li Ahkam al-Qur'an (The General Judgments of the Qur’an) as its name suggests.
The basic objective of this tafsir was to deduce juristic injunctions and rulings from the Quran yet, while doing so, al-Qurtubi has also provided the explanation of verses, research into difficult words, discussion of diacritical marks and elegance of style and composition. The book has been published repeatedly.

## Features

Mufti Muhammad Taqi Usmani (DB) has written in his 'Uloomu-l-Qur'an (An Approach to the Qur'anic Sciences):
Al-Qurtubi was a follower of Imam Malik ibn Anas's school of thought in Islamic Jurisprudence. The basic purpose of this book was to deduce juristic injunctions and rulings from the Qur'anic Ayat but in this connection he has very aptly commented on the meanings of Ayat, scrutiny of difficult words, composition and rhetoric and relevant narrations in the exegesis. Particularly, the instructions obtainable from the Qur'an for everyday life have been clearly explained. The preface of this book is also detailed and comprises important discussions on the sciences of the Qur'an.

## Translations

This tafsir has been translated into many languages. It can be read in English, Urdu, Turkish, Arabic and Spanish languages at Australian Islamic Library. Among the newer translations is an Urdu translation of the first volume by Dr. Ikram-ul-Haq Yaseen. Work on the second volume is in progress. The first volume has been published by the Shari`ah Academy, at International Islamic University, Islamabad.
First and second part of Bengali translation have been published by Tawheed Publication from Bangladesh. It will be published in 23 volumes.
One volume has been translated into English and published by Dar al-Taqwa, London. The first six volumes have been translated into English by Aisha Bewley and published by Diwan Press.
# Animal Rights Party

The Animal Rights Party (German: Tierrechtspartei, TRP) is an inactive animal welfare political party in Austria. It is led by Ralph Chaloupek. It contested the Lower Austrian state election 2008 (although only in Mödling, where it got 854 votes and became the strongest minor party with 1.34% locally). It also contested the 2008 national election, but only in Vienna.
# Mehrabad, Tehran

Mehrabad (Persian: مهراباد) is a village in, and the capital of, Mehrabad Rural District of Rudehen District of Damavand County, Tehran province, Iran.

## Demographics
### Population

At the time of the 2006 National Census, the village's population was 1,592 in 417 households. The following census in 2011 counted 1,643 people in 435 households. The 2016 census measured the population of the village as 5,278 people in 1,543 households. It was the most populous village in its rural district.
# Shatar Mohammad-e Sofla

Shatar Mohammad-e Sofla (Persian: شاطرمحمدسفلي, also Romanized as Shāṭar Moḥammad-e Soflá) is a village in Mehrabad Rural District, Rudehen District, Damavand County, Tehran Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 13, in 4 families.
# Bandō Mitsugorō X

Bandō Mitsugorō X (Japanese: 十代目 坂東 三津五郎) (January 23, 1956 – February 2, 2015) was a Japanese television presenter and kabuki actor. He was the grandson of Bandō Mitsugorō VIII and son of Bandō Mitsugorō IX.

## Filmography
### Films

* Mishima: A Life in Four Chapters (1985) – Mizoguchi
* Rikyu (1989) – Ishida Mitsunari
* Sharaku (1995) – Matsudaira Sadanobu
* Like Asura (2003) – Sadaharu Masukawa
* Love and Honor (2006) – Tōya Shimada
* Kabei: Our Mother (2008) – Shigeru Nogami
* The Lightning Tree (2010) – Tokugawa Ienari
* Isoroku (2011) – Teikichi Hori

### Television

* NHK Taiga drama series
** Katsu Kaishū (1974) – Tokugawa Iemochi
** Takeda Shingen (1988) – Suwa Yorishige
** Tokugawa Yoshinobu (1999) – Katsu Kaishū
** Kōmyō ga Tsuji (2006) – Akechi Mitsuhide
* On'yado Kawasemi (1981) – Masakichi
* Onihei Hankachō (1989) – Matsugorō and Heikichi
* Furuhata Ninzaburō (1994) – Yonezawa 8-dan
# Vladimir Gostyukhin

Vladimir Vasilyevich Gostyukhin (Russian: Владимир Васильевич Гостюхин, Belarusian: Уладзі́мір Васі́льевіч Гасцю́хін, born 10 March 1946) is a Soviet and Russian, Belarusian film and stage actor.

## Selected filmography
### Actor

* 1977: The Ascent as Rybak
* 1980: The White Crow
* 1980: Fox Hunting as Belov
* 1983: Magistral (Russian: Магистраль) as Boichuk
* 1983: Moon Rainbow as David Norton
* 1986: Zina-Zinulya as Viktor Nikolaevich
* 1986: In Search for Captain Grant as Major McNabbs
* 1987: Moonzund as Semenchuk
* 1989: Abduction of the Wizard as Akiplesha
* 1991: Close to Eden as Sergey
* 1992: The General as Alexander Gorbatov
* 2002: War as Ivan's father
* 2013: Ottepel as Pronin
* 2016: Santa Claus. Battle of the Magi as Vitaly Semyonovich

### Director

* 1997: Botanichesky Sad

## Political views

One of the founders of the Belarusian Republican Party of Labour and Justice.