OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# HMS L23

HMS L23 was a L-class submarine built for the Royal Navy during World War I. The boat was not completed before the end of the war and was one of the three L-class boats to serve during World War II. L23 was sold for scrap in 1946.

## Design and description

L9 and its successors were enlarged to accommodate 21-inch (53.3 cm) torpedoes and more fuel. The submarine had a length of 238 feet 7 inches (72.7 m) overall, a beam of 23 feet 6 inches (7.2 m) and a mean draft of 13 feet 3 inches (4.0 m). They displaced 914 long tons (929 t) on the surface and 1,089 long tons (1,106 t) submerged. The L-class submarines had a crew of 35 officers and ratings. They had a diving depth of 150 feet (45.7 m).
For surface running, the boats were powered by two 12-cylinder Vickers 1,200-brake-horsepower (895 kW) diesel engines, each driving one propeller shaft. When submerged each propeller was driven by a 600-horsepower (447 kW) electric motor. They could reach 17 knots (31 km/h; 20 mph) on the surface and 10.5 knots (19.4 km/h; 12.1 mph) underwater. On the surface, the L class had a range of 3,800 nautical miles (7,000 km; 4,400 mi) at 10 knots (19 km/h; 12 mph).
The boats were armed with four 21-inch torpedo tubes in the bow and two 18-inch (45 cm) in broadside mounts. They carried four reload torpedoes for the 21-inch tubes for a grand total of ten torpedoes of all sizes. They were also armed with a 4-inch (102 mm) deck gun.

## Construction and career

HMS L23 was laid down on 26 July 1917 by Vickers at their Barrow-in-Furness shipyard, launched on 1 July 1919. The boat was then towed to Chatham Royal Dockyard and finished on 31 October 1924. She served on the China Station in the 1920s. HMS L23 survived a heavy depth charge attack by two German destroyers in February 1940. An oil leak occurred, which lead the Germans to believe that the submarine was destroyed. L23 was sold for scrap in May 1946.
# PCD

PCD may refer to:

## Businesses and organizations
### Political parties

* Democratic Conservative Party (Spanish: Partido Conservador Demócrata), in Nicaragua
* Democratic Society Party (Kurdish: Partiya Civaka Demokratîk), in Turkey
* Party of the Democratic Centre (Spain)
* Christian Democratic Party (France) (French: Parti chrétien-démocrate)
* Democratic Convergence Party (São Tomé and Príncipe) (Portuguese: Partido de Convergência Democrática)
* Democratic Center Party (Mexico) (Spanish: Partido de Centro Democrático)

### Other organizations

* Personal Communications Devices, a mobile phone development and marketing company
* Partnership for Child Development, an organisation within Imperial College London
* Providence Country Day School, in East Providence, Rhode Island, U.S.

## Science and technology
### Biology and medicine

* Paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration, a paraneoplastic syndrome
* Phlegmasia cerulea dolens, an uncommon severe form of lower extremity deep venous thrombosis
* Primary ciliary dyskinesia, a rare autosomal recessive genetic disorder
* Programmed cell death, the suicide of a cell in a multicellular organism
* Protocatechuate 3,4-dioxygenase, an enzyme
* Post-coital dysphoria

### Computing and electronics

* Proximity coupling device, a reader device for NFC Cards in ISO/IEC 14443
* Photo CD, a system designed by Kodak in 1991
** Picture CD, a later Kodak product
* Process control daemon, an open-source process controller
* Point Cloud Data, a file format for Point Cloud Library

### Other uses in science and technology

* Polycrystalline diamond, artificial diamond

## Music

* The Pussycat Dolls, an American girl group and dance ensemble
** PCD (album), 2005
* Phillips, Craig and Dean, a contemporary Christian music trio

## Other uses

* Picard language, ISO 639-3 language code pcd
* Pitch Circle Diameter, a measure of bolt spacing when arranged in a circle
* Process-centered design, in design methodology
# Swedish Crime Writers' Academy

The Swedish Crime Fiction Academy (Swedish: Svenska Deckarakademin), is a Swedish organization set up in 1971 to promote quality in Swedish detective fiction and crime fiction. Originally, the academy had 13 elected members; today the number of members is 24.
Prizes awarded each year by the Academy:
* Best Translated Crime Novel (Bästa översatta kriminalroman, formerly called The Martin Beck Award)
* Best Swedish Crime Novel (Bästa svenska kriminalroman; also called The Golden Crowbar award)
There are also a number of awards which are not necessarily presented annually (though the two first usually are):
* Best Swedish First Crime Novel (Bästa svenska deckarebut)
* The Bloodhound for best children's or young adult crime novel (Spårhunden)
* Grand Master Award for Lifetime Achievement
* Best Non-Fiction Work on crime fiction (Bästa faktabok)
* Award for outstanding translations (Berömvärd översättargärning)
* Special Award, given at the discretion of the Academy
Awards presented in the past:
* Special Grand Master Award (for achievements in crime fiction; given only twice, to central Swedish critics of crime fiction)
* Best Crime Novel Translated into Swedish – International
# Norwegian Union of Railway Workers

The Norwegian Union of Railway Workers (Norwegian: Norsk Jernbaneforbund, NJF) is a trade union in Norway. It was formed on 20 November 1892, and mainly organizes workers in Norges Statsbaner—with the exception of locomotive drivers— and the Norwegian National Rail Administration, including related companies such as BaneTele, Nettbuss, Nettlast, Malmtrafik, MiTrans, Mantena, Trafikkservice, CargoNet, Baneservice, Arrive, Ofotbanen AS, NSB Gjøvikbanen and Flytoget.
It is affiliated with the Norwegian Confederation of Trade Unions (LO), and is a member of the International Transport Workers' Federation.
Former leaders include Ludvik Buland and John Marius Trana.
# Mentor of Rhodes

Mentor of Rhodes (Ancient Greek: Μέντωρ Ῥόδιος) (c. 385 BC – c. 340 BC) was a Greek mercenary and later Satrap of the Asiatic coast. He fought both for and against Artaxerxes III of Persia. He is also known as the first husband of Barsine, who later became a mistress to Alexander the Great.
In 358 BC, Mentor, along with his brother Memnon, were hired to provide military leadership by a rebel Persian satrap, Artabazus. Despite Mentor's capable leadership, the rebellion failed, and Artabazus, Barsine and Memnon fled to Macedon, where they were welcomed by Philip II. Mentor fled to Egypt.
Pharaoh Nectanebo II immediately enlisted the aid of the Greek mercenary, as he expected a Persian invasion was imminent. The pharaoh sent Mentor, at the head of 4000 mercenaries, to support Sidon, which had rebelled from Persia. Although Mentor won significant victories against some of the satraps, he was unable to defeat Artaxerxes' army, and was captured in 346 BC.
Upon his capture, Artaxerxes evidently recognized Mentor's skills, and pardoned him. Immediately, Mentor was sent to aid in the invasion of his former refuge, Egypt. During the Egyptian campaign, Mentor led one of three divisions of the great king's Hellenic army. Mentor shared the command with Bagoas, a Persian of some note whom Diodorus of Sicily describes as the man 'whom the King trusted most, a man exceptionally daring and impatient of propriety'. The pair had some success in Egypt taking Bubastus, along with other cities, by one cunning device: garrisoning the cities were both native Egyptians and Greek mercenary troops, so Mentor offered one side or the other a favourable surrender leading to infighting within the garrisons which weakened the their effectiveness and made it much easier for the Persians to gain the city by subterfuge. This tactic proved critical in the battle for Egypt. With Nectanebo facing the loss of so many of his fortified towns and cities, he withdrew from Memphis towards the south, choosing not to contest his kingship in pitched battle.
After the defeat of Egypt, "Artaxerxes, seeing that Mentor the general had performed great services for him in the war against the Egyptians, advanced him over and above his other friends." The king appointed Mentor his commander in the west in 342 BC and satrap of the Asiatic coast; he was also given a vast trove of silver. One of his actions during his short tenure at satrap was to pardon Artabazus, whom he allowed to return home, along with Barsine and Memnon. Mentor died after just four years in his post. His daughter later married Nearchus while Barsine married Memnon. Memnon received Mentor's command after his brother's death.
# Ramavand Piruz Ali

Ramavand Piruz Ali (Persian: رماوند پيروز علي, also Romanized as Ramāvand Pīrūz ʿAlī; also known as Ramāvand and Cham Charāgh) is a village in Zirtang Rural District, Kunani District, Kuhdasht County, Lorestan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 40, in 5 families.
# Teodora Kolarova

Teodora Kolarova (Bulgarian: Теодора Коларова) (born 29 May 1981 in Varna) is a Bulgarian middle distance runner.
She finished 6th in the 800m final at the 2006 European Athletics Championships in Gothenburg, setting a personal best time in the process. In 2007, she tested positive for testosterone and was banned from competition for two years by the Bulgarian federation.
# Melatework Hailu

Melatework Hailu (Amharic: ሜላተ ወርቅ ሀይሉ) is an Ethiopian politician and journalist who is the current chairperson of the National Election Board of Ethiopia (NEBE) since 2023. Following Birtukan Mideksa resignation in June 2023, two nominees approved in the bid for the presiding NEBE chairperson. Among these two bids, both Melatwork and Tadesse Lemma meet the criteria to hold the chairperson position in December 2023. She was appointed by the House of Peoples' Representatives (HoPR) and nominated by Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed on 19 December.

## Career

Following Birtukan Mideksa resignation from National Election Board of Ethiopia (NEBE) chairperson on 26 June 2023, NEBE conducted a bid election for next presiding position on 2 December. Among the two bids, both Melatwork and Tadesse Lemma meet the criteria of the chair of NEBE. On 19 December, Melatework has been appointed by the House of Peoples' Representatives (HoPR) and nominated by Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed.
# Aqa Mohammad

Aqa Mohammad (Persian: اقامحمد, also Romanized as Āqā Moḥammad) is a village in Mamulan Rural District, Mamulan District, Pol-e Dokhtar County, Lorestan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 52, in 11 families.
# Bachkitau

Bachkitau (Russian: Бачкитау; Bashkir: Баҫҡытау, Baśqıtaw) is a rural locality (a village) in Novoyanzigitovsky Selsoviet, Krasnokamsky District, Bashkortostan, Russia. The population was 270 as of 2010. There are 4 streets.

## Geography

Bachkitau is located 51 km south of Nikolo-Beryozovka (the district's administrative centre) by road. Staroyanzigitovo is the nearest rural locality.
# Stary Kyzyl-Yar

Stary Kyzyl-Yar (Russian: Старый Кызыл-Яр; Bashkir: Иҫке Ҡыҙылъяр, İśke Qıźılyar) is a rural locality (a village) in Nizhnebaltachevsky Selsoviet, Tatyshlinsky District, Bashkortostan, Russia. The population was 201 as of 2010. There are 2 streets.

## Geography

Stary Kyzyl-Yar is located 26 km southeast of Verkhniye Tatyshly (the district's administrative centre) by road. Ivanovka is the nearest rural locality.
# Janahb Pakal

Janahb Pakal also known as Janaab Pakal, Pakal I or Pakal the Elder, (died 6 March 612), was a nobleman and possible ajaw of the Maya city-state of Palenque.

## Biography

Pakal’s dynastic position is not entirely certain, though he may have been the grandfather or brother of Ajen Yohl Mat. It seems that he never ascended to the high-kingship in his own right. He was the father of Lady Sak Kʼukʼ, one of the rare queens regnant of Maya history. His wife or mother was Yohl Ikʼnal. During reign of his probable brother Ajen Yohl Mat, Palenque was invaded on April 4, 611 by Scroll Serpent, ruler of the Kaan kingdom (Calakmul). They were dead c. sixteen months later. In later years, he is ascribed a full emblem glyph. He should not be confused with his grandson, Kʼinich Janaabʼ Pakal who during a long reign of some 68 years was responsible for the construction or extension of some of Palenque’s most notable surviving inscriptions and monumental architecture.

## Sources

* ↑ Bernal Romero, Guillermo (1 December 2012). "Historia dinástica de Palenque: la era de K'inich Janahb' Pakal (615-683 d.C.)" (PDF). Revista Digital Universitaria. Vol. 13, no. 12. National Autonomous University of Mexico. pp. 1–16. Retrieved 1 January 2013 – via Revista UNAM.
* 1 2 3 Skidmore, Joel (2010). The Rulers of Palenque (PDF) (Fifth ed.). Mesoweb Publications. pp. 54–57. Retrieved 12 October 2015.
* ↑ Martin, Simon; Nikolai Grube (2008). Chronicle of the Maya Kings and Queens: Deciphering the Dynasties of the Ancient Maya (2nd ed.). London and New York: Thames & Hudson. p. 161. ISBN 9780500287262. OCLC 191753193.
* ↑ Martin, Simon; Nikolai Grube (2008). Chronicle of the Maya Kings and Queens: Deciphering the Dynasties of the Ancient Maya (2nd ed.). London and New York: Thames & Hudson. pp. 162-166. ISBN 9780500287262. OCLC 191753193.
Regnal titles :
| Preceded byAjen Yohl Mat | Uncertain c. 612 | Succeeded bySak Kʼukʼ |
# Tingnes Church

Tingnes Church (Norwegian: Tingnes kirke) is a parish church of the Church of Norway in Nord-Aurdal Municipality in Innlandet county, Norway. It is located in the village of Fagernes. It is the church for the Tingnes parish which is part of the Valdres prosti (deanery) in the Diocese of Hamar. The brown, wooden church was built in a hexagonal design in 1972 using plans drawn up by the architect Karl Stenersen. The church seats about 260 people.

## History

After World War II, planning began for a new chapel and cemetery in Fagernes. A new cemetery at Skogajordet was established in 1967. The cemetery is relatively hilly and surrounded by a picket fence. The architect Karl Stenersen was commissioned to design the new chapel in 1969 and made two drafts: a traditional church building and a more modern hexagonal building. The parish chose the modern one. The basic shape of the chapel is like an equilateral triangle where the tips are cut off, making it a hexagon shape. The roof construction looks like a large church spire. The foundation stone was laid in 1971, and the chapel (as it was then titled) was built by builder Bjarne Sanne and consecrated on 10 September 1972. The chapel was built with the main nave on the main level and the lower floor was furnished for various other functions. Initially, the building was called Fagernes Chapel and it was an annex chapel under the main Skrautvål Church. There was local opposition to the name, however. Locally, the people referred to it as the "Kyrkja på Skogajordet" (Church at Skogajordet) for a number of years. The municipality proposed "Fagernes and Leira chapel", but that was not accepted by the Diocese. In 1978, the name officially became Tingnes Chapel. In 1998, the chapel was upgraded to a parish church status so it was renamed "Tingnes Church".
# European Union Metro Station

vteM2 and M4 lines :
All stations are wheelchair accessible :
Legend :
Detailed track map :
European Union Metro Station (Bulgarian: Метростанция „Европейски съюз“; Metrostantsiya „Evropeyski sayuz“) is a station on the Sofia Metro in Bulgaria. It opened on 31 August 2012. Bulgaria's PM Boyko Borisov and the President of the European Commission Jose Manuel Barroso inaugurated the new section of the Sofia Metro, which was funded with EU money. Barroso expressed his delight that the metro station was named after the European Union.

## History

As the Sofia underground network was planned in the late 1970s, the station, along with the NDK Metro Station, was originally built in the early 1980s, along with the building of the National Palace of Culture. The original project name of the station was "Hemus" (the name of the large hotel next to the station); during the building of Line 2 of the Sofia Metro, it was planned to be called "Sveti Naum" (as it is located at the intersection of the Cherni Vrah and Sv. Naum boulevards). Shortly before the opening of the station, the city council (dominated by the Citizens for European Development of Bulgaria party) controversially voted to change the name to "European Union". As the timing was so close to the opening of Line 2, many of the maps in the trains still retained the name "St. Naum" even after station was opened to the public.

## Interchange with other public transport

* City Bus service: 94, 102, X9
* Trolleybus service: 7

## Location

The European Union Metro Station is situated nearby the Earth and Man National Museum and City Center Sofia.
# Dana Shell Smith

Dana Shell Smith (born 1970) is a former American diplomat and career Foreign Service Officer who served as the United States Ambassador to Qatar from July 2014 to June 2017. She was confirmed by the Senate as the U.S. Ambassador to Qatar on July 10, 2014. Previously, she served as Principal Deputy Assistant Secretary of Public Affairs from 2011 to 2014 and as Deputy Assistant Secretary for International Media.

## Early life and education

In 1992, she graduated from the University of California at San Diego with a bachelor's degree in political science and Middle East studies.

## Career

On May 1, 2014, President Barack Obama nominated Smith to be the U.S. Ambassador to Qatar. Smith was confirmed by the Senate as the U.S. Ambassador to Qatar on July 10, 2014. She presented her credentials to Tamim bin Hamad Al Thani on September 8, 2014.
Previously, she served as Principal Deputy Assistant Secretary of Public Affairs from 2011 to 2014 and as Deputy Assistant Secretary for International Media.
On June 13, 2017, Smith announced that she would be resigning her post later that month. State Department records indicate June 20, 2017 as her official date of departure from service. Since leaving government service, she has been highly critical of the changes in the State Department under the Trump administration, describing the situation as a "disaster waiting to happen".
Prior to her assignments in the Bureau of Public Affairs, Smith was the State Department's Regional Arabic Language Spokesperson in Dubai. She served in a number of positions including as Senior Advisor to the Director General and overseas tours of duty in Taipei (as Chief of the Public Affairs Section and Spokesperson, American Institute in Taiwan), Amman, Tel Aviv/Gaza, and Cairo.
In November 2020, Smith was named a member of the Joe Biden presidential transition Agency Review Team to support transition efforts related to the U.S. Agency for Global Media.
Smith is a member of the Defense Policy Board Advisory Committee.

## Personal life

Smith speaks Arabic, Chinese, Spanish and Hebrew. She is married to Diplomatic Security Officer Ray Smith and they have two children. Her brother is Jeff Shell the former CEO of Comcast.

## Publications

* "How to Have an Insanely Demanding Job and 2 Happy Children". The Atlantic, June 27, 2012.
* "US-Qatar Relations: Realizing the Full Potential of a Growing Strategic Partnership". The Ambassadors Review, Spring 2015.
# Olizon

39°08′07″N 23°13′02″E﻿ / ﻿39.13534°N 23.21711°E﻿ / 39.13534; 23.21711
Olizon (Ancient Greek: Ὀλιζών) was an ancient Greek town and polis (city-state) of Magnesia located in the region of Thessaly. Olizon is mentioned by Homer, who gives it the epithet of "rugged"; and in the Catalogue of Ships in the Iliad, Olizon formed part of the territories of Philoctetes.
It is also mentioned in the Periplus of Pseudo-Scylax as a city in Magnesia, together with Iolcus, Spalauthra, Methone and Coracae. In Strabo's time, it formed part of the dependent territories of Demetrias on a section of the coast where Thaumacia and Meliboea also stood. Plutarch wrote that it was located opposite Artemisium in Euboea.
Olizon is located at the Palaiokastro (old fort) at Agios Andreas.
# Norwegian County Road 181

County Road 181 (Norwegian: Fylkesvei 181) is a two-lane highway in Akershus and Innlandet counties in Norway. The road runs between the village of Boksrud in Eidsvoll municipality (in Akershus) and the village of Sagstua in Nord-Odal municipality (in Innlandet). The road is 26.4 kilometers (16.4 mi) long, of which 16.9 kilometers (10.5 mi) is in Eidsvoll and 9.5 kilometers (5.9 mi) is in Nord-Odal.
Prior to 1 January 2010, the road was classified as a national road and it was called National Road 181 (Riksvei 181). On that date, it was reclassified to a county road. This was part of a transfer of most national roads in Norway from the responsibility of the national government to the local county municipalities.
# Greek ship Velos

At least two ships of the Hellenic Navy have borne the name Velos (Greek: Βέλος, "Arrow"):
* Greek destroyer Velos (1907) a Niki-class destroyer launched in 1907 and stricken in 1926.
* Greek destroyer Velos (D16) a Fletcher-class destroyer launched in 1942 as USS Charrette she was transferred to Greece in 1959 and renamed. She was stricken in 1991 and became a museum ship.
# Résistance internationaliste

The Initiative de résistance internationaliste (English: International Resistance Initiative), more commonly known as Résistance internationaliste, is a left-wing extremist group operating in the Canadian province of Quebec. Résistance internationaliste first surfaced in December 2004. Based on communiqués believed to originate from the group, the Résistance internationaliste appears to hold anti-capitalist, environmentalist and anti-American views. The group has claimed responsibility for three attacks, all in Canada.

## Hydro tower bombing

In 2004, shortly before U.S. President George W. Bush's visit to Canada, a Hydro-Québec electric tower along the Quebec – New England Transmission circuit in the Eastern Townships of Quebec near the Canada–US border was damaged by explosive charges detonated at its base. The CBC reported that a message, purportedly from the Résistance internationaliste and issued to La Presse, Le Journal de Montréal and CKAC radio, stated that the attack had been carried out to "denounce the 'pillaging' of Quebec's resources by the United States."

## Car firebombing

On Friday, August 4, 2006, a car belonging to Carol Montreuil, a spokesman for the Canadian Petroleum Products Institute, exploded in the town of Sainte-Thérèse, near Montreal. After having initially concluded that the explosion was the result of an electrical malfunction, the Sûreté du Québec provincial police force ordered an investigation by its anti-terrorism branch when a number of media outlets received an email from a source claiming to be the Résistance internationaliste. The email stated that the group had carried out the attack in protest against the actions of oil companies, in particular the alleged funding of "an imperialist army which is committing barbarous acts", an apparent reference to the war in Iraq. The CBC reported that the same email also contained accusations against the oil companies of consumer abuse and environmental degradation. On August 18 of the same year, the Sûreté du Québec confirmed that the car was indeed firebombed, as claimed by the email.

## Canadian Forces recruiting office

The Résistance internationaliste has also allegedly claimed the responsibility of planting a bomb at a recruiting station of the Canadian Forces in Trois-Rivières, Quebec. At 2:37 a.m., on July 2, 2010, a call was placed to the Trois-Rivières municipal police force stating there was a bomb at the recruiting station. At 3 a.m., the bomb exploded, but no one was injured according to local newspaper Le Nouvelliste.