OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# FC Spartak Sofia

FC Spartak Sofia (Bulgarian: ФК Спартак София) was a Bulgarian football club based in Sofia, Bulgaria. The club was officially founded in 1947. The team plays in the Bulgarian Regional Division. The club's home colours are blue and white. Spartak's home ground is Rakovski Stadium with a capacity of 5,000 spectators.
The club is founded after the merging of Rakovski and FK-13 (both Sofia clubs) in 1947. In the same year they are merged with FC Yunak. It existed independently until 22 January 1969, when it was merged into Levski Sofia. After 1985 the club's independence has been restored.
The team won the Bulgarian Cup in 1968 and came second in the Bulgarian Championship in 1951 and 1952.

## Honours
### Domestic

Bulgarian Cup:
* Winners: 1968
* Runners-up (2): 1952,1967
Bulgarian A PFG:
* Runners-up (2): 1951, 1952
* Third place in the "A" group: 1947

### European

Balkans Cup
* Runners-up : 1967–68
* This article about a Bulgarian football club is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
# María Eugenia

María Eugenia is a 1943 Mexican drama film written and directed by Felipe Gregorio Castillo and starring María Félix, alongside Manolita Saval and Rafael Baledón. The film's sets were designed by the art director Manuel Fontanals.

## Cast

* María Félix as María Eugenia
* Manolita Saval as Raquel
* Rafael Baledón as Carlos
* Jorge Reyes as Ricardo
* Virginia Manzano as Julia
* Mimí Derba as Doña Virginia
* Eugenia Galindo as Doña Matilde
* Salvador Quiroz as Doctor
* Alejandro Cobo as Jefe de María
* Alfredo Varela as Martín
* Ignacio Peón as José María
* Consuelo Segarra as Rosa
* Carolina Barret as Mulata
* Antonio Bedolla as Pedro
* Julio Ahuet as Emeterio
* Toña la Negra
* Eva Beltri
* Trío Calaveras
* Son Clave de Oro
* Hermanos Huesca
* Alfonso Bedoya
* Roberto Cañedo

## Production

María Eugenia was the first film María Félix made after her film debut in El Peñón de las Ánimas. During filming, Félix caused a stir while shooting the opening scene of the film, which featured her in a white bathing suit, attracting publicity to Félix. It is the only film in Félix's filmography where she appeared in swimwear.
It was the only film directed by Felipe Gregorio Castillo, who afterwards became a film censor.

## Reception

In his book Más allá de las lágrimas: Espacios habitables en el cine clásico de México y Argentina, Isaac León Frías collects Emilio García Riera's view of the film, calling it a "terrible melodrama." The book Archivos de la Filmoteca refers to the film as a sign of how "the Mexican melodrama [was] so subject to conventions and norms" at the time, noting that the film was directed by a later film censor. María Félix herself would later refer to the film in her autobiography as "a film that had no other importance than to give me experience."
# All Japan Chemistry Workers' Union

The All Japan Chemistry Workers' Union (JCWU, Japanese: 全国化学, Zenkoku Kagaku) was a trade union representing workers in the chemical industry in Japan.
The union was founded on 20 October 1987, by 30 local unions which were expelled from the Japanese Federation of Synthetic Chemistry Workers' Unions (Goka Roren), due to an internal dispute. The union affiliated to the Japanese Trade Union Confederation, initially with 25,000 members, although by 1996, this had declined to only 10,540. In October 1998, the union merged with Goka Roren, to form the Japanese Federation of Chemistry Workers' Unions.
# Guangzhou Automobile Industry Group

Guangzhou Automobile Industry Group Co Ltd (GAIG, Chinese: 广州汽车工业集团) is a Chinese state-owned joint stock holding company that owns several Chinese automakers.
A Chinese partner of Japanese companies Toyota and Honda, GAIG owns Chinese production bases that produce Chinese-market versions of the Japanese carmakers' models, which sell well in Southern China as of 2010.

## History

Born during a reconstruction of the Guangzhou automotive industry in 2000, GAIG receives considerable support from the governments of Guangdong province and Guangzhou city.
Formerly the Guangzhou Automobile Industry Group Company, it was renamed in 2003.
In 2007, GAIG began putting in motion plans to sell automobiles under its own brand and to further this goal had acquired a controlling share in an R&D center at South China University of Technology.
By 2010, it was selling its own vehicles under the GAC Trumpchi brand. In 2021, GAIG was included in the Fortune World 500 ranking of the world's largest and highest valued companies, ranking 176th.

## Holdings

The company has ownership in a number of Chinese automakers.

### Guangzhou Automobile Group Co Ltd

Guangzhou Automobile Group Co Ltd (SEHK: 2238) was founded in 1997, and by 2005 it had become a holding of GAIG. As of 2009, it is the 6th largest automaker in China.
* Aion LX Plus
* Honda eNP2
# Taranaki Open

The Taranaki Open is an annual 72-hole golf tournament staged on the New Plymouth Golf Club's Ngamotu Links in New Plymouth, New Zealand. Between 2004 and 2007 it was an event on the Golf Tour of New Zealand while events since 2008 have been part of the Charles Tour. Prior to 2004 the tournament was run over two days, with 36 holes on each day.

## Winners

| Year | Tour | Winner | Score | To par | Margin of victory | Runner(s)-up |
| TSB Taranaki Open ||||||||
| 2024 | CHAR | Mark Brown (2) | 282 | −6 | Playoff | Josh Geary |
| 2023 | CHAR | Josh Geary | 272 | −16 | 6 strokes | Mark Brown Tyler Hodge |
| Taranaki Open ||||||||
| 2022 | CHAR | Michael Hendry (2) | 272 | −16 | 3 strokes | Josh Geary |
| 2021 | CHAR | Cancelled | |
| 2020 | CHAR | Kieran Muir | 202 | −14 | 4 strokes | Josh Geary Michael Hendry Daniel Hillier Momoka Kobori (a) Lachie McDonald |
| 2018–19: No tournament ||||||||
| Augusta Funds Management Ngamotu Classic ||||||||
| 2017 | CHAR | Daniel Pearce | 277 | −11 | 1 stroke | Mark Brown Jared Pender |
| Augusta Funds Management Taranaki Open ||||||||
| 2016 | CHAR | Dominic Barson | 270 | −18 | 4 strokes | Shaun Jones |
| 2015 | CHAR | Joonsang Chung | 279 | −9 | 2 strokes | Woonchul Na |
| Taranaki Energy Open ||||||||
| 2014: No tournament ||||||||
| 2013 | CHAR | Fraser Wilkin | 266 | −22 | 1 stroke | Brad Hayward (a) |
| 2012 | CHAR | David Klein | 274 | −14 | Playoff | Ryan Fox |
| Port Taranaki Open ||||||||
| 2011 | CHAR | Joshua Carmichael | 278 | −10 | 1 stroke | Hamish Robertson |
| 2010 | CHAR | Troy Ropiha (2) | 209 | −7 | 2 strokes | Mathew Perry |
| 2009 | CHAR | Michael Hendry | 280 | −8 | 2 strokes | Doug Holloway |
| Bayleys Taranaki Open ||||||||
| 2008 | CHAR | Troy Ropiha (a) | 278 | −10 | 5 strokes | Andrew Searle |
| 2007 | GTNZ | Bradley Iles | 213 | −3 | 4 strokes | Mark Brown |
| Olex Taranaki Open ||||||||
| 2006 | GTNZ | Mark Brown | 274 | −14 | 3 strokes | Mathew Holten |
| 2005 | GTNZ | Doug Holloway (a) | 278 | −10 | 3 strokes | Guy Penrose Brad Shilton |
| 2004 | GTNZ | Ryan Haywood | 285 | −3 | 1 stroke | Mark Brown |
# Hoseyn Sara

Hoseyn Sara (Persian: حسين سرا, also Romanized as Ḩoseyn Sarā) is a village in Otaqvar Rural District, Otaqvar District, Langarud County, Gilan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 15, in 6 families.
# Schönberg

Schönberg (German: beautiful mountain) may refer to:

## Places
### Austria

* Schönberg im Stubaital, a municipality in the district of Innsbruck-Land, Tyrol
* Schönberg am Kamp, a town in the district of Krems-Land, Lower Austria

### Belgium

* Schönberg (Sankt-Vith), a part of Sankt Vith, Eupen-Malmedy

### Czech Republic

* Mährisch Schönberg, German name for the town Šumperk

### Germany

* Schönberg (Ebringen), a mountain near Freiburg im Breisgau, Baden-Württemberg
* Schönberg, Lower Bavaria, a town in the district of Freyung-Grafenau, Bavaria
* Schönberg, Upper Bavaria, a town in the district of Mühldorf, Bavaria
* Schönberg (Bavarian Prealps), a mountain of the Tegernsee Mountains, Bavaria
* Schönberg (Bensheim), since 1939 a suburb of Bensheim, Hesse
* Schönberg, a community of Kronberg im Taunus in the district of Hochtaunuskreis, Hesse
* Schönberg, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, a town in the district of Nordwestmecklenburg, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern
* Schönberg, Rhineland-Palatinate, a municipality in the district of Bernkastel-Wittlich, Rhineland-Palatinate
* Schönberg, Saxony, a municipality in the district of Zwickau, Saxony
* Schönberg am Kapellenberg, a community of Bad Brambach, in the district of Vogtlandkreis, Saxony
* Schönberg, Saxony-Anhalt, a town in the district of Stendal, Saxony-Anhalt
* Schönberg, Lauenburg, a municipality in the district of Lauenburg, Schleswig-Holstein
* Schönberg, Plön, a municipality in the district of Plön, Schleswig-Holstein

### Latvia

* Schönberg, the German name for the village Skaistkalne

### Liechtenstein

* Schönberg (Liechtenstein), a mountain in the Rätikon

### Poland

* Schönberg, the German name for Szymbark, a castle ruins and town in former East Prussia
* Schönberg, the German name for Sulików in Lower Silesian Voivodeship, formerly in western Prussia

### Romania

* Schönberg, the German name for Dealu Frumos, Merghindeal (Mergeln) commune, in Sibiu County, Transylvania, Romania.

## People

Schönberg (also spelled Schoenberg) or Schonberg is the surname of:
* Arnold Schoenberg (1874–1951), Austrian composer
* Claude-Michel Schönberg (born 1944), French record producer, singer, actor, songwriter and composer of musical theatre
* Dietrich III von Schönberg, brother of Cardinal Nikolaus, appointed Bishop of Dresden-Meissen in 1463
* Harold C. Schonberg (1915–2003), American music critic and journalist
* Mario Schönberg (1914–1990), Brazilian physicist
* Nikolaus von Schönberg (1472–1537), Archbishop of Capua and Cardinal
* Johann Schönberg (1844–1913), Austrian artist, war-correspondent, and illustrator who moved to London and worked from there
* Johann von Schönberg (1492–1517), Bishop of Naumburg
* Hans Meinhard von Schönberg (1582–1616), Master of Household to Frederick V of the Palatinate
# Republican Union (Puerto Rico)

The Republican Union (Spanish: Unión Republicana) was a pro-statehood political party in Puerto Rico, that also contemplated total autonomy in the case that U.S. statehood was denied. Its president was Rafael Martínez Nadal. It existed from 1932 to 1940. Together with the Socialist Party, it was part of an electoral alliance known as Coalition.

## Founding

The party formed early in 1932 from the union of Partido Republicano Puro and Partido Alianza Puertorriqueña, after the dissolution of Partido Alianza Puertorriqueña and the reconciliation between the Republicanos Puro and the Republicanos who had left Partido Republicano in 1928. However, before the 1932 elections, Partido Unión Republicana joined forces with the Socialist Party to form the Coalition. The pact between these two parties (Unión Republicana and Socialista) was renewed before the 1936 elections to continue in force during that electoral cycle.
In 1940 the party reconstituted itself as Partido Unión Republicana Progresista, with Celestino Iriarte as its president. Later on yet, in 1948, Partido Unión Republicana re-branded itself as Partido Estadista Puertorriqueño.
# Leslie Thiess

Sir Leslie Charles Thiess CBE (8 April 1909 – 25 November 1992) was a construction and mining industry entrepreneur, based in Queensland, Australia. He was one of the founders of Thiess Bros, which later became Thiess Pty Ltd.
With a humble background, and one of eleven children, Thiess founded a contracting firm in 1933, in partnership with Henry Horn. Under his leadership, the company became a major contractor in Queensland and, when Horn retired in 1939, the firm became Thiess Bros. It prospered from a succession of military engineering contracts during World War II, and Thiess and his four brothers formed Thiess Holdings in 1950. The firm was floated on the Sydney and Brisbane stock exchanges in 1958.
In 1968, Thiess was appointed a Commander of the Order of the British Empire (CBE) and, in 1971, he was knighted. After a hostile takeover by CSR in 1979, Thiess lost control of his company but, with assistance from two major backers, he bought back the construction division, continuing to develop coal mines and work on major Queensland government contracts, as well as being granted the licence for a casino in Townsville.
In the 1980s, it was alleged on television that he had delivered a hangar to the property of Queensland premier Sir Joh Bjelke-Petersen, and had done private civil engineering works for Bjelke-Petersen that were written off as "Queensland Government Projects". Thiess sued Channel 9 for defamation, and won a minimal $55,050 in damages, but the jury found many of the allegations to be true. Thiess's appeal to the High Court was dismissed, with costs. It was clear that he had increasingly made use of his closeness to politicians and officials to obtain contracts, sometimes using inducements.
In 1999, he received posthumously the Distinguished Constructor Award from the Queensland University of Technology.
# Al-Hashimiya SC

Al-Hashimiya Sport Club (Arabic: نادي الهاشمية الرياضي), is an Iraqi football team based in Babil.

## Managerial history

* Hamza Athab
* Fouad Jawad
* Ali Ubayes
* Saleem Tayeh Obaid
* Hassan Hadi
* Ibrahim Hussein
* Haider Al-Maquraj
* Safaa Rahim
# Sesson Shukei

Sesson Shūkei (Japanese: 雪村周継; 1504 – c. 1589), born Satake Heizō (Japanese: 佐竹平蔵) was a Japanese Zen monk and painter from the Muromachi period.
Shūkei was born a member of the Satake clan, but left after being disinherited by his father and was inducted as a monk at Shōsō-ji temple, the Satake bodaiji. He is the most important painter who followed the style of Sesshū Tōyō (1420-1506). On the other hand, there is a different opinion (jp) that he was not influenced or affected by Sesshū although he paid his respects to Sesshū (雪舟) by using the same Kanji, 雪 which means snow, in his name, Sesson (雪村). In any case Sesson was the master of ink painting that Ibaraki Prefecture has ever produced, ranked with Sesshū and called "Sesshū of the west, Sesson of the east". His works are the classic examples of Japanese ink painting which was imported via many artists from China. He produced many landscapes such as Eight Views of Xiaoxiang and fictional characters such as Hama Xianren [ja], Li Tieguai and Lü Dongbin
He travelled to Aizu at least twice to give lessons in painting to the daimyō Ashina Moriuji – first in 1546, and then again in 1561 after Moriuki's retirement.

## Gallery

* Landscape of the Hsiao-Hsiang
* Landscape of the Four Seasons
* Egret, Moon, and Wave
* Tempest
* Falcon Under a Pine
* Mynah Birds and Pigeons
# Shepard elephant

The Shepard elephant, also known as L'egs-istential Quandary or the impossible elephant is an optical illusion, of the type impossible object, based on figure-ground confusion. As its creator Roger Shepard explains:
   The elephant…belongs to a class of objects that are truly impossible in that the object itself cannot be globally segregated from the nonobject or background. Parts of the object (in this case the elephant’s legs) become the background, and vice versa.

## History

Shepard first published this optical paradox in his 1990 book Mind Sights (page 79) giving it the name "L'egs-istential Quandary". It is the first entry in his chapter on "Figure-ground impossibilities". The pen-and-ink drawing is based on a dream Shepard had in 1974, and on the pencil sketch he made when he woke up.

## Interpretation

The image is widely reproduced and discussed. Brad Honeycutt, author of Exceptional Eye Tricks, calls the Shepard elephant "one of the most famous and classic optical illusions."
The MIT Encyclopedia of the Cognitive Sciences classifies it under "Illusions of Interpretation" as an example of "Impossible Pictures", saying, "Impossible figures embody conflicting 3D clues...Shepard's elephant (figure 2) confuses its legs with the spaces in between. Local votes about depth are not properly integrated."
The Oxford Companion to Consciousness suggests as a way to understand "Shepard’s many-legged elephant": "try slowly uncovering the elephant from the top, or from the bottom." (If you cover the bottom of the drawing, you see the top of an elephant with four legs. If you cover the drawing's top, you see four elephant feet, plus trunk and tail.)
Al Seckel, who devotes Chapter 18 of his book Masters of Deception to Roger Shepard, draws a contrast between Shepard's elephant and the impossible trident (aka the "blivet" or "Devil's tuning fork"). Although an impossible trident has a closed edge, Seckel says the "conspicuous line discontinuity" of the elephant's tail is necessary to avoid a "counting paradox": a blivet is an imaginary object, but everyone knows an elephant has exactly four legs and exactly four feet.

## Influence

The Shepard elephant has attracted interest outside scholarly sources. Author Clive Gifford included it in his 2013 book for children Eye Benders, and told The Guardian it is one of his favorites.
Sometime before 2012, someone created a modified version of the Shepard elephant. The modified elephant has an extra hind leg, with foot attached, made by extending the curved line that Shepard left ambiguous (to look like either the top of a leg or the end of a tail.) This modified image, which now has four legs but five feet, was circulated as "How many legs does this elephant have?"
The Shepard elephant has also inspired some other derivative works. The OpticalSpy website also cited the Shepard elephant as inspiration for manipulating a photograph of an Indian elephant to give it six legs.
# The Valley of Death (film)

The Valley of Death or Winnetou and Shatterhand in the Valley of Death (German: Winnetou und Shatterhand im Tal der Toten) is a 1968 western film directed by Harald Reinl and starring Lex Barker, Pierre Brice and Rik Battaglia. It was the last in a series of films based on Karl May novels. These had previously enjoyed major commercial success, although this film's box office returns were disappointing. It was effectively a remake of an earlier film in the series Treasure of the Silver Lake.
It was shot at the Spandau Studios in West Berlin and on location in Yugoslavia. The film's sets were designed by the art director Vladimir Tadej.

## Cast

* Lex Barker as Old Shatterhand
* Pierre Brice as Winnetou
* Rik Battaglia as Murdock
* Karin Dor as Mabel Kingsley
* Ralf Wolter as Sam Hawkens
* Clarke Reynolds as Capt. Cummings
* Kurt Waitzmann as Col. Bergson
* Heinz Welzel as Richter
* Branko Špoljar as Cranfield
* Vladimir Medar as Sheriff
* Voyo Goric as Red Buffalo
* Eddi Arent as Lord Castlepool
# Chi qua

Chi qua is the fruit of Benincasa hispida var. chieh-qua, a variety of the wax gourd. The fruit is a staple of the Chinese diet.

## Etymology

The fruit is commonly referred to in Chinese as chi qua (simplified Chinese: 节瓜; traditional Chinese: 節瓜; pinyin: jiéguā; Jyutping: zit3 gwaa1), but can also be referred to as moa qua or moa gua (Chinese: 毛瓜; pinyin: máoguā; Jyutping: mou4 gwaa1; lit. 'hairy gourd').
In English, the fruit is known by a variety of names including hairy melon, hairy gourd, hairy cucumber, fuzzy gourd, fuzzy squash, Chinese preserving melon, wax gourd, or small winter melon.

## Cultivation

The fruit is produced on vines in warm temperatures, at 25°C to 35°C, and is sensitive to frost. In China, it is commonly cultivated in Guangdong and Guangxi.

## Uses

Chi quas, covered by a coating of fine hairs, must be prepared carefully to avoid skin irritations. While young chi quas can be eaten raw, they are usually cooked. They are prepared and eaten in a similar fashion to summer squash or zucchini. In China, they are usually eaten in the summer. The gourd is also used in Andean, Caribbean, East African, Indian, Mexican, South American and Southeast Asian cuisine.
# Blue Andalusian

The Blue Andalusian, Spanish: Andaluza Azul, is a breed of domestic chicken indigenous to the autonomous community of Andalusia in south-west Spain. It is distributed through much of the countryside of Córdoba and Seville, and is concentrated particularly in the area of Utrera, which is considered the heartland of the breed.$^{:620}$ In 2009 the population was estimated at 10000 birds.$^{:620}$
A very different type of Andalusian, more intensely blue and with blue-laced plumage, was created in England from birds imported from Andalusia through selective breeding and cross-breeding with birds of other breeds.$^{:620}$

## History

There is little information on the early history of the Andalusian. Blue chickens from Andalusia were imported to England no later than 1851. The creation of the "international" type of Andalusian, with blue-laced plumage, is attributed to the English, whether in Andalusia or in Britain. Two breeders in particular are thought to have started this process, which took many years: one named Coles, from Fareham, Hampshire, and a certain John Taylor of Shepherd's Bush, in west London. Another claimant was Augusta Legge who was the countess of Dartmouth. Andalusians were shown at Baker Street, London, in January 1853; they were not included in the original Standard of Excellence in 1865.
Andalusians reached the United States in about 1850–1855, and were included in the first edition of the Standard of Perfection of the American Poultry Association in 1874. The breed arrived in South America in 1870, and was first shown in Germany in the same year. A bantam was created in the 1880s.$^{:34}$

## Characteristics

The slate-blue plumage of the Andalusian is caused by a dilution gene, which, in combination with the E gene for black plumage, produces partial dilution of the melanin which gives the black colour. Not all Andalusians are blue: birds with two copies of the gene have near-total dilution, and are off-white; birds with no copies have no dilution, and are black; those with one copy have partial dilution, and are blue. Blue birds occur, in Mendelian proportion, twice as often as each of the other colours. All are present in the population.
The earlobes of the Andalusian are smooth, white, and almond-shaped; the crest is single and of medium size, with five well-defined points. The skin is white and the legs and feet are black.$^{:621}$

## Use

Andaluza Azul hens lay about 165 white eggs per year; eggs weigh 70–80 g. Blue-bred white hens lay the largest eggs.$^{:620}$