OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Sporoi

Sporoi (Greek: Σπόροι) or Spori was according to Eastern Roman scholar Procopius (500–560) the old name of the Antes and Sclaveni, two Early Slavic branches. Procopius stated that the Sclaveni and Antes spoke the same language, but he did not trace their common origin back to the Veneti (as per Jordanes) but to a people he called "Sporoi". He derived the name from Greek σπείρω ("to sow"), because "they populated the land with scattered settlements".

## Studies

Ukrainian historian Mykhailo Hrushevskyi (1866–1934) noted the scholarly view on the matter: Procopius' etymology was rejected as mistaken, and many scholars linked the term with the Serbs; some sought a connection to Ptolemy's Serboi, but "these Serboi lived far to the east, in the Volga region". He noted that the Slavic Serbs appear in historical records in the 9th century, and Serbs may have had a broader sense as suggested by two completely distinct Slavic peoples (Balkan Serbs and Lusatian Sorbs), however, according to him, identical names occurred frequently among the Slavs and the "[Early] Slavs may not even have had their own common name to designate nationality. Such names often emerged only with time.".
According to Czech historian Francis Dvornik (1893–1975), the Sporoi were probably the Spali mentioned by Jordanes (fl. 551) and Spalei mentioned by Pliny the Elder (fl. 77–79). According to the North American Society for Serbian Studies, rather than connecting the ethnonym to the poorly known Spali, it was more likely, as per the old view, a Greek rendering of the name Sorpoi or Sorboi, connected to the Serbs.
According to British archaeologist Paul M. Barford, writing in 2001, it most likely derived from the Proto-Slavic word for "multitude" (sporъ, whence Polish sporo, etc.).
A connection has also been made with the Zeriuani mentioned by the 9th-century Bavarian Geographer. It states that the Zeriuani "which is so great a realm that from it, as their tradition relates, all the tribes of the Slavs are sprung and trace their origin" (Zeriuani tantum est regnum, ut ex eo cunctae gentes Sclavorum exortae sint, et originem, sicut affirmant, ducant).

### Other ancient views on the Slavs

In contrast to Procopius, the Roman bureaucrat Jordanes wrote about the Slavs in his work Getica (551): "although they derive from one nation, now they are known under three names, the Veneti, Antes and Sclaveni" (ab unastirpe exorti, tria nomina ediderunt, id est Veneti, Antes, Sclaveni); that is, the West Slavs, East Slavs, and South Slavs. He stated that the Veneti were the ancestors of the Sclaveni and the Antes, the two having used to be called Veneti but are now "chiefly" called Sclaveni and Antes.
# 2010–11 West Bank Premier League

The 2010–11 West Bank Premier League started on 26 August 2010 and concluded on 7 May 2011. Markaz Shabab Al-Am'ari won the title due to a better goal difference over Hilal Al-Quds.

## Clubs

| Club | City | Top Scorer (2010/11) | Notes |
| Al-Bireh Institute | Al-Bireh, Ramallah | Mohammed Nael 7 goals | |
| Hilal Areeha | Jericho | Mohammed Abu Dawud 9 goals | |
| Hilal Al-Quds | Jerusalem | Murad Alyan 20 goals | 2011 Palestine Cup Winners |
| Jabal Al-Mukaber | Mount Scopus, Jerusalem | Ismail Amour 8 goals | |
| Markaz Balata | Nablus | Abdelhamid Abuhabib 12 goals | |
| Markaz Shabab Al-Am'ari | Ramallah | Eyad Abugharqud 20 goals | 2012 AFC President's Cup |
| Markaz Shabab Asker | Nablus | Rami Musalmeh 8 goals | |
| Merkaz Tulkarem | Tulkarem | Fadi Salím 8 goals | |
| Shabab Al-Khaleel | Hebron | Shadi Farhan 7 goals | |
| Shabab Al-Dhahrieh | Al-Dhahrieh | Atef Abu Bilal 14 | |
| Thaqafi Tulkarem | Tulkarem | Rida Al-Da'ma 5 goals | |
| Tarji Wadi Al-Nes | Wadi Al-Nes | Ashraf Nu'man 12 goals | 2010/11 Supercup winners, 2010 Yasser Arafat Cup winners |

### Final standings

| Pos | Team | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | Pts | Qualification or relegation |
| 1 | Markaz Shabab Al-Am'ari | 22 | 15 | 6 | 1 | 48 | 18 | +30 | 51 | 2012 AFC President's Cup |
| 2 | Hilal Al-Quds | 22 | 15 | 6 | 1 | 39 | 14 | +25 | 51 | |
| 3 | Shabab Al-Dhahiriya SC | 22 | 11 | 7 | 4 | 40 | 21 | +19 | 40 | |
| 4 | Markaz Balata | 22 | 10 | 6 | 6 | 34 | 31 | +3 | 36 | |
| 5 | Wadi Al-Neiss | 22 | 9 | 5 | 8 | 29 | 23 | +6 | 32 | |
| 6 | Shabab Al-Khalil | 22 | 7 | 4 | 11 | 24 | 35 | −11 | 25 | |
| 7 | Jabal Al Mukaber | 22 | 6 | 6 | 10 | 27 | 32 | −5 | 24 | |
| 8 | Shabab Al-Bireh | 22 | 7 | 3 | 12 | 19 | 33 | −14 | 24 | |
| 9 | Thakafi Tulkarm | 22 | 5 | 7 | 10 | 26 | 33 | −7 | 22 | |
| 10 | Markaz Shabab Tulkarm | 22 | 5 | 6 | 11 | 27 | 42 | −15 | 21 | |
| 11 | Hilal Ariha | 22 | 5 | 5 | 12 | 23 | 37 | −14 | 20 | Relegation to Second Division |
| 12 | Markaz Shabab Askar | 22 | 4 | 5 | 13 | 18 | 35 | −17 | 17 | Relegation to Second Division |

### Top scorers

The top-scorers were:
| Rank | Scorer | Club | Goals |
| 1 | Eyad Abugharqud | Al-Am'ari | 19 |
| 2 | Murad Alyan | Hilal Al-Quds | 18 |
# Bluebird, Bluebird

Bluebird, Bluebird is a 2017 novel by Attica Locke. Its main character is an African-American Texas Ranger, Darren Matthews, from the eastern part of the state. He investigates the death of another African-American, a Chicago lawyer named Michael Wright, in the town of Lark.
The novel has the subtitle "A Highway 59 Novel" as the story takes place around that route; Locke herself had family members living in communities along that road.
Neely Tucker of The Washington Post wrote that the setting "feels stuck in a sepia-toned time warp."
Esi Edugyan of The Guardian wrote that the work is "a narrative of exhilarating immediacy" which has "hallmarks of modern crime fiction" with some of its own character.
In 2018, the novel won the Edgar Award for Best Novel.
# Neil Grabois

Neil R. Grabois (December 11, 1935 – October 6, 2024) was an American mathematician and university administrator. He held positions as the dean, provost, and chair of the department of mathematical sciences of Williams College; as the thirteenth President of Colgate University, from 1988 to 1999; as Vice President at the Carnegie Corporation in New York; and as the dean of the Milano School of International Affairs, Management, and Urban Policy at The New School, where he served from 2010 until his departure in 2013.

## Life and career

Grabois received his doctorate from the University of Pennsylvania after attending Swarthmore College. He graduated from Stuyvesant High School in 1953.
Grabois sat on the boards of Project Pericles, Swarthmore College, The Jewish Foundation for the Education of Women and the Michael Wolk Heart Foundation. He was an adjunct faculty member of Teachers College at Columbia University.
Grabois and his wife Miriam had two children and one grandchild. He died in his sleep on October 6, 2024, at the age of 88.
# 2014 in Myanmar

The following lists events that happened in 2014 in the Republic of the Union of Myanmar.

## Incumbents

* President: Thein Sein
* First Vice President: Sai Mauk Kham
* Second Vice President: Nyan Tun

## Events
### January

* January 14- Myanmar host the 2014 ASEAN Para Games for first time.
* January 14 - A Thailand-based women's rights group accuses Myanmar of using rape as a weapon of war.

### March

* March 28 - Buddhist mobs in western Myanmar reportedly target foreign aid groups and workers in reaction to supposedly disrespectful treatment of a Buddhist flag.

### September

* September 28 - A Buddhist monk accused of inciting violence against Muslims in Burma says he is joining forces with the Bodu Bala Sena group in Sri Lanka in order to combat a "serious threat from jihadist groups".
# Southern Buskerud Police District

Southern Buskerud Police District (Norwegian: Romerike politidistrikt) is one of 27 police districts in Norway, covering the southern part of Buskerud and northern Vestfold. The district is headquartered in Drammen and consists of two police stations, at Drammen and Kongsberg, and eight sheriff's offices. The district is led by Chief of Police Johan Brekke. Specifically the police district covers the municipalities of Drammen, Kongsberg, Øvre Eiker, Nedre Eiker, Lier, Røyken, Hurum, Flesberg, Rollag in Buskerud and Svelvik and Sande in Vestfold. As of 2011 the district had 455 employees. The police district was created in 2003 as a merger between the former Drammen Police District and Kongsberg Police District.
# Escazu's Progressive Yoke

Escazu's Progressive Yoke (Spanish: Yunta Progresista Escazuceña) is a local political party in Escazu Canton, Costa Rica. The party currently holds Escazu's Mayoralty, two out of seven seats in the Cantonal Council and two out of three District Syndics.
The party's first electoral run in the 2002 aldermen’s election earned it 7,765 votes and three seats in Council. The following 2002 mayoral election gave it 2,670 votes earning one Syndic and four District councilmen. For the 2006 general election, the party attained 6,116 votes and two aldermen, and the same year’s mayoral election gave them 3,629 votes earning a Syndic and five councilmen. In the 2010 mayoral election, the party attained the Mayoralty with its nominee Arnoldo Barahona, plus several councilmen and the Syndics of Escazu City and San Rafael. In the now unified municipal election of 2016 the party manages to re-elect Barahona, and also attained two aldermen, the Syndics of San Rafael and San Antonio and several councilmen.
# Tveit Church (Vestland)

Tveit Church (Norwegian: Tveit kirke) is a parish church of the Church of Norway in Askøy Municipality in Vestland county, Norway. It is located in the village of Tveitevåg on the western side of the island of Askøy. It is the church for the Tveit parish which is part of the Vesthordland prosti (deanery) in the Diocese of Bjørgvin. The white, wooden church was built in a long church design in 2017 using plans drawn up by the architectural firm Tippetue arkitekter from Bergen. The church seats about 500 people.

## History

The first church at Tveitevåg was built in 1957. The white, wooden church was built in a long church style using designs by the architects Torgeir Alvsaker and Einar Vaardal-Lunde. Oskar Edvardsen was the lead builder for the project. The church seated about 300 people. It was consecrated on 5 May 1957. The nave was 15 by 10 metres (49 ft × 33 ft) and the choir was 4.5 by 4.5 metres (15 ft × 15 ft). Over time, the church was too small for the parish, so it was torn down in 2016 and a new, larger church was completed in 2017 and consecrated on 20 August 2017. The new church has a similar design to the old church, but it is 6 metres (20 ft) wider and 10 metres (33 ft) longer.
# Peraia, Thessaloniki

Peraia (Greek: Περαία) is a suburb of Thessaloniki, Greece. It is part of the municipality Thermaikos. Peraia is located on the south coast of the Thermaic Gulf, 15 km south of Thessaloniki city centre and 4 km west of Thessaloniki International Airport.

## History

As is the case for the two other communities in the municipal unit of Thermaikos, Agia Triada and Neoi Epivates, the origin of settlement in Peraia was the arrival of 740 refugees from Asia Minor and Eastern Thrace in 1923, as a result of the Greco-Turkish War (1919–22).
Today Peraia, together with the other suburbs of Thermaikos, forms one of the most rapidly developing suburbs of Thessaloniki, with many people choosing to move there; but infrastructure is hardly keeping pace, with many roads remaining unopened or inadequate for today's needs. Although developments have been made in creating a pedestrianised beachfront and creating new open spaces.
# The Valdemar Legacy

The Valdemar Legacy (Spanish: La herencia Valdemar) is a 2010 Spanish pastiche horror film directed and written by José Luis Alemán which stars Laia Marull, Daniele Liotti, Paul Naschy, Silvia Abascal, Ana Risueño and Óscar Jaenada, among others. Ending with an unresolved plot, it is followed by The Valdemar Legacy II: The Forbidden Shadow. While drawing from the Cthulhu Mythos, the plot does not closely adapt a particular Lovecraftian story. It was panned by critics.

## Plot

Set in two different timelines, the plot uses an extensive analepsis to the 19th century. The film ends abruptly with a cliffhanger, only focusing on the flashback subplot pertaining the tragedy of the Valdemar couple (Lázaro and Leonor) circa 1880, thus leaving the plot not set in the past forgotten as a sort of disconnected preface.

## Cast

* Silvia Abascal as Luisa Llorente
* Óscar Jaenada as Nicolás Trámel
* Norma Ruiz as Ana
* Rodolfo Sancho as Eduardo Campins
* Eusebio Poncela as Maximilian Colvin
* Daniele Liotti as Lázaro Valdemar
* Laia Marull as Leonor Valdemar
* Ana Risueño [es] as Doctora Cerviá.
* Paul Naschy as Jervás.
* Luis Zahera as Lovecraft
* Paco Maestre [es] as Aleister Crowley
* Vanesa Suárez as Lizzie Borden
* Lino Braxe [es] as Bram Stoker
* Laura Toledo as Belle Gunnes
* Lucas Trapaza as Luliu Fuchini

## Production

The film was produced by La Cruzada Entertainment SL. Shooting locations included Comillas, Azpeitia, Valporquero and La Granjilla.

## Release

The film was theatrically released in Spain on 22 January 2010.

## Reception

Reviews were generally negative, citing the mediocrity of the film. In the wake of the appalling reception, the director wrote a letter apologizing for splitting the film into two parts and pointing out that the overacting of the actors was done on purpose to seek the essence of classic horror films.
Javier Ocaña of El País considered that the narrative structure of The Valdemar Legacy made no sense, also assessing that, in too many sequences, "it looks like a film with professional means commanded by an amateur".
Irene Crespo of Cinemanía rated the film 2½ out of 5 stars, deeming it to be "tremendously risky".
Manuel J. Lombardo of Diario de Sevilla considered the film to be a double disappointment for the viewer, because of the low quality and also because of the obligation of having to go to the theatre again to find out how the thing ends, dragged by failures such as an "absolute inability to narrate", "no sense of rhythm or ellipsis", a "very poor mise-en-scène", a null sense of atmosphere or horror, as well as "lamentable performances" and "second-rate digital effects".
# Ahli Qalqilyah

Ahli Qalqilyah is a Palestinian football team from the city of Qalqilyah, that plays in the West Bank Premier League.
# Giacinto Macripodari

Giacinto Macripodari (Greek: Υάκινθος Μακρυποδάρης, Yakinthos Makrypodaris, Hungarian: Jácint Ferenc Makripodári, Latin: Hyacinthus Macripodarius, Romanian: Giacinto Ischiota c. 1610 – 1672), O.P. was a 17th-century Greek scholar and Dominican friar. He was a Dominican missionary in Moldavia and was bishop of Skopje (1645–1649), custodian canon of Esztergom and Bishop of Csanád. His sermons had great success both in Greek and Italian.

## Biography

Giacinto Macripodari was a Greek born on the Aegean island of Chios, which was part of the Ottoman empire at the time, in 1610. His family were Catholic and during his youth he traveled overseas to further his education. From 1632 to 1636 he studied in a theological school in Paris. After he completed his studies Macripodari traveled back to his native Chios where he became vicar and taught at the Dominican monastery.
Several years later the learned Macripodari moved to the Christian quarter of the Ottoman empire's capital, Constantinople, where he soon became vicar of the Dominican monastery. His sermons had great attainment both in the Greek and Italian languages. In 1645 Macripodari became the confessor of the German envoy to Constantinople Alexander von Greiffenklau, this association and support ultimately helped further his career.
Macripodari was consequently appointed custodian canon of Esztergom in 1645. He traveled to Vienna where Ferdinand III, Holy Roman Emperor nominated him as the titular bishop of Skopje, a post he held from 29 July 1645 to 1649. Subsequently, Macripodari sought to obtain a regular episcopal seat. He migrated to Moldavia in 1646, where he stayed in Jassy, its capital city. In 1658 he was appointed by Leopold I, Holy Roman Emperor, as Bishop of Csanád. He continued to serve until the 2 May 1668. Makripodari then moved to Nagyszombat where he was the assistant bishop of the Archbishop of Esztergom. Makripodari died in 1672.
# Hajjiabad-e Amlak

Hajjiabad-e Amlak (Persian: حاجي اباداملاك, also Romanized as Ḩājjīābād-e Āmlāḵ; also known as Ḩājjīābād and Ḩājīābād) is a village in Ferunabad Rural District, in the Central District of Pakdasht County, Tehran Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 686, in 173 families.
# Norwegian Germanic Army

The Norwegian Germanic Army (Norwegian: Norges Germanske Armé, NGA) was a Norwegian neo-Nazi paramilitary guerrilla led by Espen Lund, an army sergeant. Formed as a secret group in 1980, the group was exposed and subsequently banned in 1981 following the "Hadeland murders".

## Hadeland murders

The NGA was exposed in 1981, when Lund and two other members of the group, Johnny Olsen and Jon Charles Hoff were charged with the murders of two other affiliates to prevent them from reporting a large theft of weapons from a Home Guard depot to the police. Lund had reportedly ordered them murdered after they had demanded payment for the weapons stolen. The two murder victims were shot multiple times with a pistol and a submachine gun on 21 February at a bridge in Hadeland, followed by a police car chase in which Olsen and Hoff were apprehended. Lund was later arrested at his cabin for psychological co-conspiracy.
Lund claimed that he had been recruited by the ODESSA organisation, and that the organisation had at least fifty members in the Norwegian Armed Forces. According to their sentencing the group only consisted of the three men. In an interview with Swedish journalist Jan Guillou in 1985, Olsen said that the group in reality was just a couple youths with "boyhood dreams and fantasies about creating something exciting". The NGA aimed to train members in sabotage and guerrilla warfare for a far-right takeover in Norway, and sought to exterminate all foreign guest workers in Norway. In 1982 Lund and Olsen were sentenced to eighteen years imprisonment, and Hoff to twelve years for what became known as the "Hadeland murders".
In 2010 it was revealed that the two murder victims at the time were agents or informants for the Norwegian Police Surveillance Agency (POT). One of the two had in fact reported the weapons theft some days ahead of the murders, which had caused the group to come under surveillance of over fifty undercover agents. The lawyer of one of the convicted murderers responded to the new information that the police should have been able to prevent the murders. He however said that he did not believe the two murder victims were infiltrators from the agency, but rather that they were original members who had gotten cold feet after two large weapons thefts. The case remains classified.
# Payer Island

Payer Island (Russian: остров Пайера, romanized: ostrov Payera) is an island in Franz Josef Land, Russia.
This island was named after Julius Johannes Ludovicus von Payer an Austro-Hungarian arctic explorer and an Arctic landscape artist, one of the leaders of the Austro-Hungarian North Pole Expedition.

## Geography

Payer Island is part of the Zichy Land subgroup of the Franz Josef Land. Its area is 151 km$^2$ and it lies to the SE of Jackson Island. The headland at the northern end is Mys Nordik. The center of the island is covered by an ice dome named Kupol Frolova (Купол Фролова). Its highest point reaches 452 m (1,483 ft).

### Adjacent islands

Very close to Payer Island, off its easternmost point, lie some small islands:
* Stoliczka Island (Остров Столичка), the island farther offshore, is the site of a large walrus rookery. Lat 81° 11′ N, long 58° 16′ E. This island was named after Moravian paleontologist Ferdinand Stoliczka (1838–1874) by the Austro-Hungarian North Pole Expedition.
* Apollo Island (Ostrov Apollonova) lies in the sound between Stoliczka and Payer Island. It is only 500 m across.
* Milovzorov Rocks (Рифы Миловзорова), rocks awash located off the NE shore of Payer Island.
# Turtyk

Turtyk (Russian: Туртык; Bashkir: Туртыҡ, Turtıq) is a rural locality (a selo) in Voyadinsky Selsoviet, Yanaulsky District, Bashkortostan, Russia. The population was 84 as of 2010. There are 3 streets.

## Geography

Turtyk is located 32 km northwest of Yanaul (the district's administrative centre) by road. Voyady is the nearest rural locality.
# Decoration "For Beneficence"

The Decoration "For Beneficence" (Russian: Знак отличия «За благодеяние») is a decoration of Russia, established on 3 May 2012 by decree of President Dmitry Medvedev.

## Criteria

The Decoration "For Beneficence" may be awarded for:
* Significant charity efforts to support children's homes, nursing homes, orphanages, hospices or medical facilities in Russia;
* Public works aimed at improving the level of morality and tolerance in society, promoting human values and human rights, and combating the spread of dangerous diseases and habits;
* Contributions to the development of Russian science, culture, education or healthcare.
* Assisting Non-governmental organizations or religious organisations with socially significant activities.
* Efforts aimed at strengthening the institution of marriage and family.

## Description

The decoration is a round, silver-gilt medal 32 millimetres (1.3 in) in diameter with a raised rim on both sides. The obverse is colored with blue enamel. In the center is a golden image of a pelican, feeding its young. Surrounding the image is a gold oak wreath. The reverse bears the inscription "ЗА БЛАГОДЕЯНИЕ" ("FOR CHARITY") and the number of the award. The decoration is suspended from a 24 mm moire silk ribbon in blue with thin gold stripes at the edges. The gold stripes are 2 mm wide and 2 mm from the edges of the ribbon.
# Yanshikhovo-Norvashi

Yanshikhovo-Norvashi (Russian: Яншихово-Норваши; Chuvash: Енĕш Нăрваш, Yenĕş Nărvaş) is a rural locality (a selo) in Yantikovsky District of the Chuvash Republic, Russia.

## History

Based on the archival documents, it is known that the village of Yanshikhovo-Norvashi was founded in 1565 by three Chuvash people named Yanshikh, Akhmet, and Kibyat, who moved here from the village of Timyash (former name of Yantikovo). The village was named after Yanshikh (one of the founders), and the "Norvashi" part refers to the Norvashka River on which the village stands.
As the village grew, some of its residents moved out to found new villages in what is now Yalchiksky District.
In 1898, a church was built in the village, which was funded by the parishioners and Andrey Astrakhantsev—a merchant from Cheboksary. The first church priest was Nikolay Sidorov, who ran the church with the help of Fyodor Dyakov, a psalm reader who graduated from the rural school.
# Horse fair

A horse fair is a (typically annual) fair where people buy and sell horses.
In the United Kingdom there are many fairs which are traditionally attended by Romani people and travellers who converge at the fairs to buy and sell horses, meet with friends and relations and to celebrate their music, history and folklore.
Many horse fairs are centuries old, dating back to the 16th century, such as the Appleby Horse Fair and The Great October Fair at Ballinasloe.

## List of important horse fairs in the United Kingdom

* Appleby Horse Fair, Appleby-in-Westmorland, Cumbria
* Ballyclare May Fair, Ballyclare, County Antrim
* Barnet Fair, Barnet, London
* Brigg Fair, Brigg, Lincolnshire
* Dartmoor Drift, Dartmoor, Devon
* Horncastle Horse Fair, Lincolnshire
* Lee Gap, Yorkshire
* Stow Fair, Stow-on-the-Wold, Gloucestershire
* Wickham Horse Fair, Wickham, Hampshire
* Widecombe Fair, Widecombe-in-the-Moor, Devon

## Gallery

* Valkenburg horse fair, 1618
* 'Horse Fair on Bruntsfield Links, Edinburgh' by Paul Sandby, 1750
* Stow Horse Fair, 1978
* Appleby Horse Fair, 2007
* Bronze sculpture in reference to the Ballinasloe Horse Fair, 2003