OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Ingrid Gulbin

Ingrid Gulbin (née Krämer then Engel-Krämer, born 29 July 1943) is a diver from East Germany, a multiple Olympic champion who won Olympic gold medals in both springboard and platform.

## Career

Krämer competed in the 1960 and 1964 Summer Olympics for the United Team of Germany. She won gold medals in springboard and platform diving in 1960. She was the German flag bearer at the 1964 Games, where she competed under the name Engel-Krämer and won a gold medal in springboard and a silver medal in platform diving. Four years later at the 1968 Games she competed for East Germany and used the name Gulbin. She finished fifth in the 3 metre springboard competition.
She finished fourth in the springboard and eighth in the platform at the 1958 European Aquatics Championships and won both events in 1962.
She retired after the 1968 Olympics to become a successful diving coach, training such athletes as Martina Jäschke, Beate Jahn, Jan Hempel, Michael Kühne, Heiko Meyer and Annett Gamm. She lost her job after the reunification of Germany and worked as a bank clerk.

## Personal life and awards

In November 1963 she married Hein Engel, a German weightlifter and coach, and at the 1964 Olympics competed as Engel-Krämer.
She was elected sportspersonality of the year 1960, 1962, 1963 and 1964 in East Germany. In 1960, she was also chosen sportspersonality of the year in West Germany, becoming the only person to win the award in both parts of Germany.
She was inducted into the International Swimming Hall of Fame in Fort Lauderdale, Florida in 1975.
# Hogrän Church

Hogrän Church (Swedish: Hogräns kyrka) is a medieval church in Hogrän on the Swedish island of Gotland. It was built in stages between the 12th and 14th century, and contains several medieval church fittings. It belongs to the Church of Sweden and lies in the Diocese of Visby.

## History and architecture

Hogrän Church consists of a Romanesque tower and a Gothic nave and choir. The tower thus is the oldest part of the church, dating from circa 1200. Attached to it was originally an earlier stone church, also Romanesque in style and erected during the 12th century. During the 14th century, it was however replaced by the presently visible Gothic nave and choir. A few details from this earlier church, such as a few sculpted reliefs and a Romanesque window-frame, have been incorporated in the Gothic church.
The interior of the church is characterised by the broad width of the nave (10 metres (33 ft)). The church contains a number of medieval items. The triumphal cross is one of the oldest wooden sculptures from Gotland, dating from the 12th century. The finely carved doors of the tabernacle are from the early 15th century, and the door of the sacristy is likewise medieval. The baptismal font, probably a work by the craftsman or workshop known by its notname as Byzantios, is from the late 12th century. Of later date are the altarpiece (1634), the pulpit (1637) and the choir stalls (17th century but with incorporated medieval elements).
The church was renovated in 1953-54.
# Holme, Bedfordshire

Holme is a hamlet in the civil parish of Biggleswade, in the Central Bedfordshire district of Bedfordshire, England.
The settlement is close to Edworth and Langford. The nearest town to Holme is Biggleswade.
* This Bedfordshire location article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
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# Democratic Farmers League of Sweden

The Democratic Farmers League of Sweden (Swedish: Sverges demokratiska jordbrukareförbund, abbreviated SDJ) was an organization of farmers in Sweden.
SDJ was founded in February 1918, at a congress with delegates from different parts of the country. The Cultivators' League (Odlareförbundet) merged into SDJ. Their publication, Odlaren ('The Cultivator'), was overtaken by SDJ.
The organization was linked to the Social Democratic Left Party of Sweden (SSV, later the Communist Party of Sweden). SDJ had a sectorial and economic programme, but also a radical political programme. Regarding politics in general, the SDJ programme was largely the same as that of SSV. The agrarian programme of SDJ was detailed, but did not deviate from the SSV line significantly. The organization argued that independent farmers, owning their own plots, should have the right to trade full ownership to a modernized åborätt (copyhold), thus relieving them from debts. SDJ also sought to improve the economic position of its members, for example by promoting setting up cooperatives and economic associations.
The members were generally independent farmers. In situations when independent farmers who were members of SDJ took up jobs as labourers at estates, the organization managed negotiations over wages and price lists.
SDJ was never able to make any significant breakthrough among smaller peasants. The organization was dissolved after a few years. In SSV there had been dissatisfaction with SDJ, which was seen as not agitating enough for the party.
# Konar-e Gavan

Konar-e Gavan (Persian: كنارگاوان, also Romanized as Konār-e Gāvān) is a village in Rameshk Rural District, Chah Dadkhoda District, Qaleh Ganj County, Kerman Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 48, in 12 families.
# Center Party (Norway)

Center Party (Norwegian: Partiet Sentrum, Northern Sami: Bellodat Guovddáš) is a registered political party in Norway. The party was established by several former county leaders from the Christian Democratic Party, defectors from the Socialist Left Party, the Labour Party, the Conservative Party and the Green Party, as well as former city councilor for the Labour Party in Oslo Geir Lippestad. The party's youth organization is Unge Sentrum.
In the party platform, the party has decided to be a bloc-independent center party based on the UN's Sustainable Development Goals and the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. The party wanted a change of government after the 2021 Norwegian parliamentary election. The party received 0.3% of the votes in the elections.

## Opinion polls

In December 2020, the party secured enough signatures to run lists in all counties for the 2021 parliamentary election. The Center Party was measured in opinion polls in the winter of 2020/21 between 0.0 and 0.7 per cent support.
In the spring of 2021, Norstat conducted a nationwide survey commissioned by the Center Party, to answer how the party fared before the parliamentary elections in 2021. Two percent of the 1,000 respondents answered "yes" to the question of whether they considered voting for the party in the autumn elections. Nine percent answered "maybe", and 13% answered "do not know".

### Party Congresses

* 0. Founding Congresses 2020 Maybe in Oslo?
* 1. landsmøte 2021 8-9 may Digital due covid-19
* 2. landsmøte 2022 28-19 may Røde Kors konferansesenter in Oslo
* 3. landsmøte 2023 29.-30. april Maybe in Oslo?
* 4. landsmøte 2024 27-28 april Røde Kors konferansesenter in Oslo

## Electoral results

| Election | Leader | Votes | % | Seats | +/– | Government |
| 2021 | Geir Lippestad | 7,836 | 0.3 (#14) | 0 / 169 | | Extra-parliamentary |
# Declaration of Boulogne

The Declaration on the Essence of Esperantism (Esperanto: Deklaracio pri la esenco de Esperantismo), commonly referred to as the Declaration of Boulogne (Bulonja Deklaracio), is a historic document that establishes several important premises for the Esperanto movement. The Declaration was written by L. L. Zamenhof and ratified in 1905 by the attendees of the first World Esperanto Congress, held in Boulogne-sur-Mer, France.

## Content

The Declaration of Boulogne consists of an introduction and five points.
In the introduction, Zamenhof clarifies that the five points of the Declaration are necessary to establish because many people misunderstand the nature of the Esperanto movement. The five points are largely in response to these widely held misconceptions.
* Esperantism is a movement that supports the introduction of an international auxiliary language (IAL). No further meaning can be attached to it. It is politically, religiously, and morally neutral, and it does not seek to replace any existing languages, only to supplement them.
* It recognizes that Esperanto is the most realistic IAL that exists, and they work to further it based on this goal.
* Esperanto belongs to no one. Anyone can use it for any reason they like.
* Fundamento de Esperanto is the single, perpetual obligatory authority over Esperanto, and it cannot be modified. Otherwise, Esperanto depends on no legal authority, neither a governing body nor an individual, including Zamenhof himself. If a linguistic matter is not covered in Fundamento, it is up to the individual on how to handle the matter.
* An Esperantist is a fluent Esperanto speaker. Involvement in the Esperanto community is encouraged but not required.
# John Ellis (religious writer)

John Ellis (1598/9 – December 1665) was a Welsh Anglican clergyman and religious writer.

## Life

Ellis was born at Gwylan, Maentwrog, Merionethshire. He was educated at Hart Hall, Oxford (matriculation 1617, B.A. 1622, M.A. 1625, B.D. (1632); he also received a D.D. from the University of St Andrews in 1634). He was ordained deacon in 1621 and priest in 1622. He was a fellow of Jesus College, Oxford, from 1628 to 1631, when he married.
In 1629, he was made rector of Wheatfield, Oxfordshire, holding the position for about seventeen years. In about 1646, he added the positions of rector of Chinnor, Oxfordshire and rector of Dolgellau, Merionethshire. He had an income of over £200 per year in 1648, from his positions as rector of Dolgellau and of Towyn and from the prebend of Y Faenol, Caernarvonshire. He was described as "the best paid minister in Wales". In 1657, he argued in correspondence that a national college should be established in Wales. He made his will on 4 December 1665 and died within the week. He left money for a schoolmaster to be employed in Dolgellau, which led to the foundation of Dolgellau Grammar School. He was succeeded as rector of Dolgellau by Thomas Ellis, referred to as his kinsman.

## Works

In 1641, Ellis published Bellum in idumaeos, a commentary on the Book of Obadiah, dedicating his work to Thomas Tipping of Wheatfield. Clavis fidei (1642), on the Apostles' Creed, was dedicated to John Lisle, and later translated into English. After the Restoration, in September 1660, Ellis published Defensio fidei on the Thirty-nine Articles, which was reprinted several times in London and in Amsterdam.
# Johnny McPhillips

Johnny McPhillips (born 13 April 1997) is a professional rugby union player who plays for US Carcassonne in France's Pro D2, the second division. Between 2019 and 2021 he played 21 times for Leicester Tigers and between 2017 and 2019 he made 22 appearances for Ulster.. He represented Ireland U20 as fly-half as the side made the Junior World Cup Final in 2016.

## Career

McPhillips was born in Newcastle upon Tyne, England, and was a pupil at Sedbergh School. McPhilips signed for Ulster in 2016. After four appearances from the bench, he scored his first try on his first start on 9 February 2018.
On 21 June 2019 McPhillips returned to England and signed for Leicester Tigers. He played 21 times for the club over his two years, scoring 71 points. On 10 June 2021 his signing was announced by US Carcassonne.
# Gold and Company Store Building

The Gold and Company Store Building is a historic commercial building in Lincoln, Nebraska. It was built in 1924 for the Gold and Company Store, co-founded by William Gold and later managed by his son Nathan, until its 1964 merger with J. L. Brandeis and Sons. The building was designed in the Gothic Revival and Art Deco styles. It has been listed on the National Register of Historic Places since October 19, 1982.
# Operación 90

Operación 90 (Operation Ninety) was the first Argentine ground expedition to the South Pole, carried out in 1965 by ten soldiers of the Argentine Army under then-Colonel Jorge Edgard Leal. It was also the first Latin-American expedition to the South Pole. It was named after the target: 90 degree South latitude point (the geographic South Pole)
The operation had been originally conceived by General Hernán Pujato in the early 1950s but could not be carried out due a lack of forward bases and icebreakers The plan was revived in 1961, and finally approved in July 1962 Preparations began in 1963 and suffered multiple mishaps, including the loss of a Douglas C-47 plane, which crashed while scouting possible routes; the crew was rescued a few days later. Colonel Jorge Edgar Leal, chief of the General Staff's Antarctic Division, was chosen to lead the expedition.
One of the goals of the expedition was to perform scientific measurements and observations. To accomplish this, the soldiers were trained on how to use various meteorological, glaciological, gravimetric, magnetic and topographic equipment. There was also a political goal: to show that Argentina could exert sovereignty on a portion of Antarctica that the country claims as its own (See Territorial claims in Antarctica)
Leal's team departed on six snowcat vehicles (believed to be Tucker Sno-Cats based on the spelling used) from General Belgrano Army Base on October 26, 1965. The main group was preceded by a scouting four-men patrol on a sled drawn by 18 dogs. While the scouts remained at 83° 2″ S, Leal and his men reached the geographic South Pole on December 10. Shortly after, they were met by a radar operator from the US Amundsen–Scott South Pole Station, who asked them who they were and what they were doing there. After Leal explained that they were not Soviets, base commander William R. Griffin congratulated them and invited them to share a meal: the first decent food, said Leal, that the group had in some weeks. He also offered the Argentines spare parts to repair their snowcat vehicles, tools, and access to the base's workshop. Leal hesitated, fearing that foreign assistance could diminish the value of the expedition, but ultimately accepted. They then returned to Base Belgrano, which they reached on December 31. Overall, the mission lasted 66 days.
The group received a hero's welcome upon their return to Buenos Aires and were congratulated personally by President Arturo Umberto Illia. Leal was promoted to General a few years later Despite his success, he was pushed out of the military by General Alejandro Agustín Lanusse, and spent some time in prison due to his opposition to Operation Soberanía and the Malvinas War

## Trivia

Before leaving the Amundsen base, Leal and his men were given diplomas recognizing them as members for life of the "Penguin Emperor's Court", a long-running inside joke among Antarctic explorers.
# German Cup (ice hockey)

The German Cup (German: Deutscher Eishockey-Pokal) is the national ice hockey cup competition in Germany. It was first contested in 2003.

## Champions

* 2003 : Adler Mannheim
* 2004 : Kölner Haie
* 2005 : ERC Ingolstadt
* 2006 : DEG Metro Stars
* 2007 : Adler Mannheim
* 2008 : Eisbären Berlin
* 2009 : Grizzly Adams Wolfsburg
* 2010 : EHC München
* 2011 : Starbulls Rosenheim
* 2012 : Bietigheim Steelers
* 2013 : Bietigheim Steelers
# Encyclopedias in Esperanto

Encyclopedias in Esperanto (Esperanto: Enciklopedioj de Esperanto) are Esperanto-language encyclopedias. There have been several different attempts of creating an encyclopedia of all Esperanto topics.

## History

In 1913, Petro Stojan proposed the Universal Monograph Encyclopedia (Esperanto: Universala Slipa Enciklopedio), which would be continuously published with separate monographs for each subject. The first five monographs ("The encyclopedia and its future", "Cinematic theory on time", the hymn "La Espero", "Transcription of proper names", and "Gathering", a poem by L. Levenzon) were published at that time.
In 1917, Vladimír Szmurlo published another encyclopedia in Petrograd called Ariadne's Thread, with a few references as "A first try of an Encyclopedia of Esperantism; with a firm belief that out of that . . . seed will grow a huge tree of the Universal Esperanto Encyclopedia." The first pages (1–88) were printed in Riga. Due to military circumstances, the next pages of the book appeared infrequently, only after the letter 'E', and with very short content.

## Enciklopedio de Esperanto

From 1933-34, the Encyclopedia of Esperanto, an encyclopedia of the Esperanto movement, appeared in two editions of Literatura Mondo in Budapest. A reprint was published in Hungary by the Hungarian Esperanto Association in 1979 and 1986. The majority of the original articles in this encyclopedia have been made into Wikipedia articles on the Esperanto Wikipedia.

## Enciklopedio Kalblanda

In 1996, the Enciklopedio Kalblanda, an Internet Esperanto Wikipedia, was founded by Stephen Kalb. Kalb edited the encyclopedia until 2001, when he donated all 139 of the encyclopedia's articles to the Esperanto Wikipedia.

## Esperanto Wikipedia

In 2001, the Esperanto Wikipedia was launched and is today the most expansive Esperanto encyclopedia. A number of articles concerning the Esperanto movement are based on Enciklopedio de Esperanto.
# TLD (disambiguation)

A top-level domain (TLD) is a highest-level Internet domain name.
TLD or tld may also refer to:
* Telefónica Larga Distancia, Telefónica's Puerto Rican telecomms subsidiary
* Thermoluminescent dosimeter, measuring radioactivity
* Tuli Lodge Airport, Botswana, by IATA code
* TLD, a manufacturer of Ground support equipment.
* TLD or the Technological and Logistics Directorate (known in Hebrew as ATAL), the directorate in the IDF responsible for logistics responses and tasks
* The Living Dead horror franchise
# Leanid Lahun

Leanid Leanidovich Lahun (Belarusian: Леанід Леанідавіч Лагун; Russian: Леонид Леонидович Лагун; born 22 June 1978) is a Belarusian football coach and former player.

## Honours

BATE Borisov
* Belarusian Premier League champion: 1999
Shakhtyor Soligorsk
* Belarusian Premier League champion: 2005
# All Japan Transport and General Workers' Union

The All Japan Transport and General Workers' Union (Japanese: 全日本運輸一般労働組合, Unyuippan) was a trade union representing workers in the transport sector in Japan.
The union was established in 1946 as the National Trade Union of Automobile Transport Workers (Zenjiun), with a focus on truck drivers, and was affiliated with the General Council of Trade Unions of Japan (Sohyo). By 1958, it had 12,655 members. It became Unyuippan in 1977, and by 1985 its membership had grown to 16,267.
In 1989, Sohyo merged with the new Japanese Trade Union Confederation, but Unyuippan instead opted to join the new National Confederation of Trade Unions. In 1999, it merged with the Construction and Rural and General Workers' Union and the All Japan National Railway Locomotive Engineers' Union, to form the All Japan Construction, Transport and General Workers' Union.
# Order of the Iron Helmet

On 18 March 1814 Elector Wilhelm I of Hesse-Kassel (or Hesse-Cassel) founded the Order of the Iron Helmet (German: Orden vom Eisernen Helm).
Maximilian Gritzner describes the model and the statutes of the order as "influenced by the example of the Iron Cross".
# National Council of Government (Uruguay)

The National Council of Government (Spanish: Consejo Nacional de Gobierno) was the ruling body in Uruguay between 1952 and 1967. It consisted of nine members, of which six were from the party that received the most votes in general elections, and three from the runner-up party. Generally known as the colegiado system, it had previously existed as the National Council of Administration (Spanish: Consejo Nacional de Administración) between 1918 and 1933.

## History

The colegiado system had been first proposed by President José Batlle y Ordóñez in 1913, with the aim of creating an executive body similar to the Swiss Federal Council. Batlle had been opposed to the presidential system, believing that a collegiate body would lower the risk of a dictatorship emerging. Batlle negotiated a compromise with the National Party providing for a President and a nine-member National Council of Administration (NCA), which consisted of six members of the winning party and three from the second party. The President and the NCA had shared responsibilities. Although the new system worked well in its early years, in the early 1930s a series of conflicts between the President and the NCA led to a presidential coup by Gabriel Terra in 1933. A new constitution was drawn up, which abolished the NCA.
Constitutional amendments were put forward in 1951 which would re-establish the colegiado system, and were approved in a referendum. The new constitution came into force on 25 January 1952, and abolished the presidency. In its place was a nine-member National Council of Government (NCG), with six members from the winning party and three from the second party. The presidency of the NCG rotated among the members of the majority party. The president could only choose four members of the NCG from his own faction. The other two members of the majority party, along with the three minority members, were elected by separate votes in both houses of the legislature, with a two-thirds majority required for election.
The new NCG was found to be ineffective. The president lacked effective control over the ministers, and majorities were rarely united. Public opinion turned against the body, and a 1966 referendum abolished the body and re-established the presidency. The new constitution took effect on 15 February 1967.

## Membership

The first National Council of Government was presided by incumbent President Andrés Martínez Trueba until 1 March 1955. Afterwards, the Presidency of the Council was held on a yearly basis. Twelve citizens presided in succession: four Colorados (Luis Batlle Berres, Alberto Fermín Zubiría, Arturo Lezama and Carlos Fischer) and eight Blancos (Martín Echegoyen, Benito Nardone, Eduardo Víctor Haedo, Faustino Harrison, Daniel Fernández Crespo, Luis Giannattasio, Washington Beltrán, and Alberto Héber Usher).
# List of defunct airlines of Czech Republic

This is a list of defunct airlines of the Czech Republic.
| Airline | Image | IATA | ICAO | Callsign | Commenced operations | Ceased operations | Notes |
| ABA Air [cs] | | | ABP | BAIR | 1996 | 2004 | Renamed/merged to ABS Jets |
| Air Moravia [cs] | | | MAI | | 1991 | 1995 | |
| Air Moravia Czech Charter Airline | | | MOA | | 1995 | 1997 | |
| Air Ostrava | | 8K | VTR | | 1994 | 2000 | |
| Air Praha | | | PGU | | 1993 | 1995 | |
| Air Terrex [cs] | | | TRX | | 1992 | 1995 | |
| Bemoair [cs] | | | BMI | | 1991 | 1996 | Renamed/merged to Egretta BMI |
| Blue Air Moravia | | | | | 2017 | 2018 | Not launched |
| Československá letecká společnost [cs] (CLS) | | | | | 1927 | 1945 | |
| Central Charter Airlines | | 3B | CCG | JOBAIR | 2010 | 2011 | Rebranded as Czech Connect Airlines |
| Central Connect Airlines | | 3B | JBR | | 2005 | 2014 | |
| Central European Airlines | | | | | 1992 | 1995 | |
| Charter Air | | | | | 2005 | 2005 | Went bankrupt |
| Czech Airlines | | OK | CSA | CSA-LINES | 1923 | 2024 | Repurposed into a holding company |
| Czech Connect Airlines | | CQ | CCG | CZECH CONNECT | 2011 | 2012 | Went bankrupt |
| Discovery Link [cs] | | | | | 2004 | 2005 | |
| Egretta BMI | | | BMI | | 1996 | 1998 | |
| Ensor Air [cs] | | E9 | ENR | | 1992 | 1994 | |
| Espe Air [cs] | | | | | 1991 | 1993 | |
| Fischer Air | | 8F | FFR | Fischer | 1997 | 2005 | |
| Georgia Air Prague [cs] | | | PGU | | 1992 | 1997 | |
| Holidays Czech Airlines | | HC | HCC | CZECH HOLIDAYS | 2010 | 2014 | |
| IDG Technology Airlines [cs] | | | | | 1997 | 1997 | |
| Job Air | 3B | JBR | | | 2003 | 2005 | Rebranded as Central Connect Airlines |
| Mostarez Air | | | | Air Brno | 1995 | 1997 | |
| OLIMEX | | | OLX | | 1993 | | |
| Škoda Air [cs] | | | SOA | | 1979 | 1996 | Renamed/merged to Skoda Engineering Air Transport |
| Skoda Engineering Air Transport | | | SOA | | 1996 | 1997 | |
| Statni Letecky Utvar | | | | | 1990 | 1998 | |
| Travel Service | | QS | TVS | SKYTRAVEL | 1997 | 2018 | Renamed/merged to Smartwings |