# Mirepoix, Ariège

Mirepoix (French pronunciation: ; Occitan: Mirapeis, supposedly from mira peis, meaning see the fish) is a commune in the Ariège department in southwestern France.

## Geography

Mirepoix is situated in the Hers valley between Carcassonne and Pamiers.

## History

Mirepoix was captured in 1209 by Simon V de Montfort and given to one of his lieutenants, Guy de Lévis. The town, originally on the right bank of the Hers-Vif, was destroyed by a violent flood in 1289. It was rebuilt by Jean de Lévis in 1290, on an elevated natural terrace on the other side of the river. The layout of the town center has not changed since the 13th century.
Mirepoix Cathedral (Cathédrale Saint-Maurice de Mirepoix), a former Roman Catholic cathedral and national monument of France, was the seat of a bishopric until 1801.

## Politics and administration

List of successive mayors of Mirepoix :
| In office | In office | Name | Party | Capacity |
| 1895 | 1908 | Philippe Roubichou | Republican | |
| 1908 | 1928 | Paul Porcher | Radical | |
| 1931 | 1932 | Louis Planel | Republican | |
| 1942 | 1944 | Antoine de Lévis-Mirepoix | | |
| 1959 | 1981 | Gilbert Faure | SFIO then PS | Deputy |
| 1981 | 1983 | Claude Ettori | PS | |
| 1984 | 1995 | Jeanne Ettori | PS | |
| 1995 | March 2001 | Bernard Garcia | UDF | |
| March 2001 | March 2008 | Jean Cazanave | PS | |
| March 2008 | May 2020 | Nicole Quillien | PS | |
| May 2020 | Incumbent | Xavier Caux | DVG | |
Mirepoix is twinned with Palafrugell (Spain).

## Population

The inhabitants are called Mirapiciens in French.

## Sights

At the heart of Mirepoix is one of the finest surviving arcaded market squares - Les Couverts- in France. The square is bordered by houses dating from the thirteenth to the fifteenth centuries.
The mediaeval Maison des Consuls (council house) has rafter-ends carved with dozens of images of animals and monsters, and caricatures of mediaeval professions and social groups.
The cathedral of St-Maurice has the second widest Gothic arch in Europe (after Girona in Catalonia, Spain). The foundation stone was laid by Jean de Lévis on 6 May 1298. Construction continued, with interruptions, over the next six centuries. The cathedral was restored in 1858 and 1859 by Prosper Mérimée, and Eugène Viollet-le-Duc.
La Porte d'Aval dates from 1372.
Mirepoix's bridge is 206 meters long and has seven arches. It is the work of architect Jean-Rodolphe Perronet (1708–1794), whose best known works are the Pont de la Concorde in Paris (1787–1791) and the bridge of Nantes. Work on its construction was started in 1776. Near the bridge and closer to town a much smaller bridge passes over a canal; near this layer bridge is the 'chêne vert', an ancient oak tree about 800 years old.
The first mention of the ancient Château de Terride dates from 960. It was captured (together with Mirepoix as a whole) by Simon de Montfort on 22 September 1209. The castle took the name of 'Terride' in the 16th century.

## Notable inhabitants

* Jacques Fournier (c. 1280 – 1342) was Bishop of Mirepoix from 1326, and became Pope in 1334, taking the name Benedict XII. He was the third Avignon Pope.
* Pierre-Paul Riquet (1609–1680) was the engineer responsible for the construction of the Canal du Midi. He lived in Mirepoix from 1634 to 1646.
* Marie de Calages (1630–1661), born in Mirepoix, was a poet. She was crowned many times by l’Académie des Jeux Floraux.
* Jean-Joseph Vidal (1747–1819) was an astronomer, particularly noted for his study of the planet Mercury.
* Bertrand Clausel (1772–1842) was a marshal of France.
* Frédéric Soulié (1800–1847), novelist, dramatist, critic and journalist. Born in Foix, Soulié lived in Mirepoix as a young boy.
* Marie-Louise Escholier (1876–1956, née Marie-Louise Pons-Tandy), born in Mirepoix, was a writer. She was the co-author, with her husband Raymond Escholier, of the novel Cantegril. Marie-Louise Escholier and her husband are buried in the town cemetery.
* Marcel Pagnol (1895–1974), the novelist, playwright and filmmaker, taught at the École Supérieure in Mirepoix.
* Pierre Daboval (1918–2015) was an artist. He lived in Mirepoix from 1998 until his death.
* Terence Macartney-Filgate (born 1924) is a British-Canadian film director. He has directed, written, produced or shot more than 100 films in a career spanning over 50 years.

## Cultural Life

MiMa is an international festival of the art of marionettes held every summer. Each year the event is built around a central theme. The line-up showcases a variety of techniques including object theatre, glove puppets, string puppets and marionettes portées (puppets carried by a handle on the back of the head).
Mirepoix Musique promotes concerts of classical music (particularly French and English) and readings throughout the year in and around Mirepoix.
Salon du Livre d’Histoire Locale de Mirepoix
The festival Swing à Mirepoix is held each year over the Easter weekend.