# List of red dwarfs

This is a list of exceptional red dwarfs.

## List of titleholding red dwarf stars

This is a list of red dwarfs that currently hold records.

### List of red dwarf firsts

Firsts :
| Record Title | Star | Date | Data | Notes |
| First discovered | Lacaille 8760 | 1753 | | Originally listed in a 1763 catalog that was published posthumously by Abbé Nicolas Louis de Lacaille. Further information: § List of the earliest red dwarfs discovered |
| First discovered with planet(s) | Gliese 876 | 1998 | Gliese 876 b | See also: List of exoplanet firsts The Jovian planet was the first discovered around a red dwarf. |
| First discovered with giant planet(s) | Gliese 876 | 1998 | Gliese 876 b | The giant planet was the first planet discovered around a red dwarf. |
| First discovered with terrestrial planet(s) | Kepler-42 (KOI-961) | 2012 | KOI-961 b KOI-961 c KOI-961 d | 3 terrestrial planets were discovered around KOI-961 in 2012, the first terrestrial planets found to orbit a red dwarf. |

### List of red dwarf extremes

Extremes :
| Record Title | Star | Date | Data | Notes |
| Least voluminous | EBLM J0555-57Ab | 2017 | r= 59,000 km (37,000 mi) | Further information: § List of least voluminous red dwarfs |
| Most voluminous | Sz74 | 2017 | 3.13±0.72 | Further information: § List of most voluminous red dwarfs |
| Least massive | 2MASS J0523-1403 | 2015 | 67.54±12.79 M$_J$ | Further information: § List of least massive red dwarfs |
| Most massive | Kepler-80 | 2012 | 0.73 M$_☉$ | Further information: § List of most massive red dwarfs |
| Least distant | Proxima Centauri | 1917 | 4.2 ly (1.3 pc) | Further information: § List of nearest red dwarfs This is also known as Alpha Centauri C and is a member of the α Cen trinary system. It is the nearest neighbouring star to the Sun. |
| Most distant | UDF 3561 | 2010 | 202,000 ly (62,000 pc) | Further information: § List of furthest red dwarfs |
| Least luminous | 2MASS J0523-1403 | | | Further information: § List of least luminous red dwarfs |
| Most luminous | | | | Further information: § List of most luminous red dwarfs |
| Dimmest | UDF 2457 | | V= 25 | Further information: § List of dimmest red dwarfs |
| Brightest | Lacaille 8760 | | V= 6.69 | Further information: § List of brightest red dwarfs Also called AX Microscopii. This is the 24th closest star to the Sun, and also intrinsically luminous for red dwarfs, having spectral class M0. |
| Youngest | See T Tauri star | | | Further information: § List of youngest red dwarfs |
| Oldest | See cool subdwarfs | | | Further information: § List of oldest red dwarfs |

## List of named red dwarfs

This is a list of red dwarfs with names that are not systematically designated.
| Star | Naming | Notes |
| Proxima Centauri | Named for being the closest neighbouring star to Earth's Sun | Lies within the Alpha Centauri star system |
| Barnard's Star | Named after its discoverer, E. E. Barnard | Second closest neighbouring star system to Earth, after α Cen. Also the star with the highest proper motion. |
| van Biesbroeck's star | Named for its discoverer, George van Biesbroeck | Was once the least luminous, and, lowest mass, known star. |
| Kapteyn's star | Named for the astronomer who discovered it had gone missing, Jacobus Kapteyn | Was once the star with the highest proper motion, thus making it move away from its recorded position in the sky and go "missing". |
| Teegarden's Star | Named after the lead investigator astrophysicist who discovered it, Bonnard J. Teegarden, through a datacrunching search of archived data. | |

## List of nearest red dwarfs

| | Star | Distance ly (pc) | Notes |
| 1 | Proxima Centauri | 4.2 ly (1.3 pc) | Part of the α Cen trinary system, the closest neighbouring star system. It is also the nearest neighbouring star. |
| 2 | Barnard's Star | 5.95 ly (1.82 pc) | Second closest neighbouring star system |
| 3 | Wolf 359 | 7.86 ly (2.41 pc) | Also called CN Leonis |
| 4 | Lalande 21185 | 8.3 ly (2.5 pc) | |
| 5 | Luyten 726-8 | 8.7 ly (2.7 pc) | This is a binary star system with two red dwarfs |
| 6 | Ross 154 | 9.68 ly (2.97 pc) | |

## List of least voluminous red dwarfs

| | Star | Radius Solar radii (Sun = 1) | Radius Jupiter radii (Jupiter = 1) | Radius km (mi) | Notes |
| 1 | EBLM J0555-57Ab | 0.084 | 0.84 | 59,000 km (37,000 mi) | This star is slightly larger than the planet Saturn. |
| 2 | 2MASS J0523-1403 | 0.086 | 0.86 | 60,000 km (37,000 mi) | |

### Timeline of smallest red dwarf recordholders

This is a list of titleholders of being the red dwarf with the smallest volume, and its succession over time.
List of smallest red dwarf titleholders :
| Star | Date | Radius Solar radii (Sun = 1) | Radius Jupiter radii (Jupiter = 1) | Radius km (mi) | Notes |
| EBLM J0555-57Ab | 2017— | 0.084 | 0.84 | 59,000 km (37,000 mi) | This star is slightly larger than the planet Saturn. |
| 2MASS J0523-1403 | 2013-2017 | 0.086 | 0.86 | 60,000 km (37,000 mi) | |
| OGLE-TR-122B | 2005-2013 | 0.120 | 1.16 | 81,100 km (50,400 mi) | |