OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Aliphera (Greece)

Aliphera (Ancient Greek: Ἀλίφηρα) or Alipheira (Ἀλίφειρα) was a town of ancient Arcadia, in the district Parrhasia, said to have been built by Alipherus, a son of Lycaon. It was situated upon a steep and lofty hill, 40 stadia (about 8 km) south of the Alpheius, and the same distance from Heraea, and near the frontiers of Elis. It was a member of the Arcadian League. A large number of its inhabitants removed to Megalopolis upon the foundation of the latter city in 371 BCE; but it still continued to be a place of some importance. It was ceded to the Eleans by Lydiades, when tyrant of Megalopolis (224 BCE); but it was taken from them by Philip V of Macedon in the Social War, in 219 BCE after a long siege, and restored to Megalopolis. Later it joined the Achaean League and minted its own currency. Later, the city was subject to the Romans. When Pausanias visited it in the 2nd century, the town contained temples of Asclepius and Athena, and a celebrated bronze statue by Hypatodorus of the latter goddess, who was said to have been born here.
Its site is located near the modern Alifeira, which was renamed to reflect association with the ancient town. The first excavations were done by Anastasios Orlandos in 1932. In the ancient city the temples of Athena and Asclepius, the acropolis, the cemetery wall and some buildings have been found.
# Robin Reilly

Robin Reilly (born 1928) is a British writer. He authored works on the Wedgwood company and military history. He served as a senior director of Wedgwood's for 12 years.

## Works

* Portrait Waxes: An Introduction for Collectors (London: Batsford, 1953).
* The Rest to Fortune: The Life of Major-General James Wolfe (London: Cassell, 1960).
* The Sixth Floor (London: Leslie Frewin, 1969).
* Wedgwood: The Portrait Medallions, co-authored with George Savage (London: Barrie & Jenkins, 1973).
* Wedgwood Portrait Medallions: An Introduction (London: Barrie & Jenkins, 1973).
* The British at the Gates: The New Orleans Campaign in the War of 1812 (New York: G. P. Putnam's Sons, 1974). (rev. ed., 2002).
* Pitt the Younger, 1759–1806 (London: Cassell, 1978).
* Wedgwood, two volumes (London: Macmillan, 1989).
* Josiah Wedgwood, 1730–1795 (London: Macmillan, 1992).
* Wedgwood Jasper (London: Thames and Hudson, 1994).
* 'Wondrous surprises', RSA Journal, Vol. 143, No. 5462 (August/September 1995), pp. 82–83.
# Mansurabad, Zeydabad

Mansurabad (Persian: منصوراباد, also Romanized as Manşūrābād) is a village in Zeydabad Rural District, in the Central District of Sirjan County, Kerman Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 33, in 9 families.
# Irechek

Irechek (Bulgarian: Иречек) is a village in Kavarna Municipality, Dobrich Province, northeastern Bulgaria, located about 12 kilometres (7.5 mi) north of Kavarna. It lies to the west of Vranino, south of Vidno and to the northeast of Mogilishte. As of 2007 it had a population of 26 people, covering an area of 12.062 square kilometres (4.657 sq mi) The population is gradually decreasing as younger people move away to the cities.
August 2013 saw the closure of the only shop in the village where bread and small goods were sold. The closest shop in now found in Vidno. The village has a cemetery with graves dating back from the 1900s and is still used today, this is found in the back fields to the South. With only 4 houses in the village and an aging population the number of inhabitants has dropped since 2007 and now stands at no more than 11 people. Irechek also has a problem with wild dogs which are not owned and live in the fields trying to find food, water and shelter. On weekends and bank Holidays Irechek and the surrounding area is a prime hunting ground for small birds. The land around the village is mostly flat and fertile, with agriculture employing most of the inhabitants who produce fruits and vegetables. A small stream runs through the municipality which helps irrigation. Wild pheasants, rabbits, foxes and hawks are found here.
# Agurda

Agurda (Russian: Агурда; Bashkir: Ағурҙа, Ağurźa) is a rural locality (a village) in Baishevsky Selsoviet, Zianchurinsky District, Bashkortostan, Russia. The population was 89 as of 2010. There is 1 street.

## Geography

Agurda is located 104 km southeast of Isyangulovo (the district's administrative centre) by road. Bishtiryak is the nearest rural locality.
# Isyllus

Isyllus (Ancient Greek: Ἴσυλλος) was an ancient Greek poet from Epidaurus, of the 4th or 3rd century BC.

## Work

His name was rediscovered in the course of excavations on the site of the temple of Asclepius at Epidaurus. An inscription was found engraved on stone, consisting of 72 lines of verse (trochaic tetrameters, hexameters, ionics), mainly in the Doric Greek dialect. It is preceded by two lines of prose stating that the author was Isvllus, an Epidaurian, and that it was dedicated to Asclepius and Apollo of Malea. It contains a few political remarks, showing general sympathy with an aristocratic form of government; a self-congratulatory notice of the resolution, passed at the poet's instigation, to arrange a solemn procession in honor of the two gods; a paean (no doubt for use in the procession), chiefly occupied with the genealogical relations of Apollo and Asclepius; a poem of thanks for the assistance rendered to Sparta by Asclepius against "Philip", when he led an army against Sparta to put down the monarchy. The offer of assistance was made by the god himself to the youthful poet, who had entered the Asclepieum to pray for recovery from illness, and communicated the good news to the Spartans. The Philip referred to is identified with (a) Philip II of Macedon, who invaded Peloponnesus after the battle of Chaeronea in 338 BC, or (b) with Philip V, who undertook a similar campaign in 218 BC.

## Editions

Wilamowitz-Moellendorff, who characterizes Isyllus as a "poetaster without talent and a farcical politician," has written an elaborate treatise on him (see Kiessling and Moellendorff, Philologische Untersuchungen, Heft 9, 1886), containing the text with notes, and essays on the political condition of Peloponnesus and the cult of Asclepius. The inscription was first edited by P. Kavvadias (1885), and by J. F. Baunack in Studien auf dem Gebiete der griechischen und der arischen Sprachen (1886).
# Couvonges

Couvonges (French pronunciation:) is a commune in the Meuse department in Grand Est in north-eastern France.

## Couvonges massacre

In August 1944 German troops en route to Saint-Dizier to face General George S. Patton's XII Corps killed a number of civilians and destroyed most of the town. This is also referred to as the Massacre de la vallée de la Saulx.
According to Edward R. Koudelka, Special Agent for the US Counter-Intelligence Corps, the 29th Regiment of the 3rd Panzergenadier Division was camped near a wooded area on the edge of town when a German officer and several soldiers were shot on 27 August by French resistance fighters. In retaliation, Major General Hans Hecker, who was in command of the division, ordered the execution by firing squad of twenty-six randomly selected Frenchmen. About sixty other civilians were killed in the neighboring towns of Robert-Espagne, Beurey-sur-Saulx and Mognéville.
The bodies were buried in a mass grave in a field near the town, but a local resident was able to obtain a photograph of the bodies before burial. According to Koudelka's informants, at 11 am on 29 August fifty-four of the town's sixty houses were burned, although the church was left standing. A total of 329 houses were looted and burned in the three towns.

### Aftermath

Koudelka gathered evidence for use in the Nuremberg Trials, however Major General Hecker was released in 1947 and never tried. The case was assigned to the Military Court of Metz, which identified eight German soldiers (out of about fifty who participated in atrocities). In 1950, the four officers, two warrant officers and two soldiers were convicted. The judgment was delivered on 28 May 1952 and the sentences were pronounced in absentia: four received death sentences and four were sentenced to hard labor for life.

### Memorial

Charles de Gaulle participated in a memorial service on 28 July 1946. A memorial was inaugurated on August 29, 1949 by General André Zeller, commander of the 6th military region. The monument is located in the town of Beurey-sur-Saulx.
# Ibn Abi Ramtha al-Tamimi

Ibn Abi Ramtha al-Tamimi (Arabic: ابن أبي رمثة التميمي), from Banu Tamim tribe, was a physician who lived during the lifetime of the Islamic prophet Muhammad. He was a skilful practitioner who occasionally practised surgery.
# Alarie

Alarie is a French surname. Notable people with this name include:
* Bella Alarie (born 1998), American basketball player; daughter of Mark Alarie
* Benjamin Alarie (born 1977), Canadian legal scholar, law professor, and entrepreneur
* Donald Alarie (born 1945), Canadian writer
* Elissa Alarie (born 1986), Canadian rugby player
* Hélène Alarie (born 1941–2023), Canadian politician
* Mark Alarie (born 1963), American basketball player
* Pierre Alarie, Canadian ambassador
* Pierrette Alarie (1921–2011), Canadian opera singer
# Bassem Amin

Bassem Amin (Arabic: باسم أمين; born 9 September 1988) is an Egyptian chess grandmaster and medical doctor. He was awarded the Grandmaster title by FIDE in 2006. Amin is the highest rated Egyptian and African player and the only medical doctor to have a FIDE peak rating of 2700+. Amin has also won the African chess championship seven times, doing so in 2009, 2013, 2015, 2017, 2018, 2022, and 2024.

## Career

Early on in his chess career, Amin was the Arab Youth Chess Champion once in the U10 division, once in the U12 division, and twice in the U14 division. He took 4th place in the 2004 World Youth Chess Championship U-16 in Greece. Soon after, he won the 2005 African Junior Chess Championship, qualifying him to participate in the 2005 World Junior Chess Championship.
He won his first Arab Chess Championship title at the 2005 Arab Chess Championship, simultaneously acquiring his first grandmaster norm. In the same year, he won the African championship and took part in World Youth Chess Championship (U18), finishing third.
Arab Champion Under 20 3 times : (Jordan) 2005 ( His 2nd GM norm ), July 2006 and August 2007
African Under-20 Champion, Botswana 2005 ( 3rd GM norm )
Bronze Medalist In World Youth Under 18 (Georgia) 2006
Arab men Champion (UAE) 2006
In 2007, he tied for first with Ashot Anastasian in the Abu Dhabi Chess Festival, with a performance rating of 2747.
Bronze Medalist In World Juniors (Turkey) 2008
He took part in the Chess World Cup 2009 and was knocked out by Vladimir Malakhov in the first round.
Co-Winner of Reykjavik Open 2013
Arab Men Champion UAE 2013
Mediterranean Chess Champion Greece 2014
Scored 8.5 points out of 11 on Board 1 at the 41st World Chess Olympiad, leading the Egyptian National Chess Team to achieve the best result in Egyptian Chess history and win a gold medal in Category B

## Personal life

Amin graduated from the faculty of Medicine of the Tanta University in 2012. He is one of seven medical doctors who are also chess grandmasters (along with Alex Sherzer, Helmut Pfleger, Yona Kosashvili, Dan Zoler, Diego Valerga, and Muhammed Batuhan Daştan), the highest rated medical doctor and grandmaster, and the only medical doctor to have achieved a FIDE rating of 2700+.
# Peter Buljan

Peter Buljan (born 14 July 1978 in Canberra, Australia) is an Australian football player.
# Polyrhachis lucidula

Polyrhachis lucidula is a species of ant in the subfamily Formicinae, found in Cambodia, Myanmar, and China. It was formerly considered as a subspecies of Polyrhachis hippomanes.
# Sorochyntsi Fair

Sorochyntsi Fair or Sorochynsky Fair (Ukrainian: Національний Сорочинський ярмарок, romanized: Nacional'nyj Soročyns'kyj jarmarok, Russian: Сорочинcкaя яpмaркa, translit. Sorochinskaya yarmarka) is a large fair held in the village of Velyki Sorochyntsi near Poltava in the Myrhorod Raion (district) of Ukraine.
It was held five times a year during the Russian Empire, then went into a 40-year moratorium during Soviet rule. It has been held annually since its revival after Ukraine became independent in 1991, except 2020.
Following a Presidential Decree of August 18, 1999, the fair holds the status of Ukraine's national trade fair.
The fair is a large showcase for traditional handicrafts made by skilled craftsmen, including Reshetylivka embroidery, rugs, Opishnia ceramics, as well theatrical performers who re-enact scenes of village life from famous Ukrainian stories. In August 2007, the fair was opened by Ukrainian President Viktor Yushchenko.
The historic Sorochyntsi Fair features in a number of Ukrainian and Russian works of literature and music, including "The Fair at Sorochyntsi", a short story by Nikolai Gogol, and The Fair at Sorochyntsi, an opera by Modest Mussorgsky.
# Polyrhachis nigra

Polyrhachis nigra is a species of ant in the subfamily Formicinae. It is endemic to Sri Lanka.
# 2013 Junior League World Series

The 2013 Junior League World Series took place from August 11–17 in Taylor, Michigan, United States. Taoyuan, Taiwan defeated Rio Rico, Arizona in the championship game.

## Teams

| United States | International |
| Bedford, Indiana North Lawrence Central | Taoyuan, Taiwan Hsin Ming Asia–Pacific |
| Massapequa Park, New York Massapequa International East | Calgary, Alberta Rocky Mountain Canada |
| Goodlettsville, Tennessee Goodlettsville Southeast | Brno, Czech Republic South Moravia Europe–Africa |
| Lafayette, Louisiana Lafayette Southwest | Willemstad, Curaçao Pariba Latin America |
| Rio Rico, Arizona Rio Rico West | Manatí, Puerto Rico Jose M.Rodriguez Puerto Rico |

## Results

United States Pool
| Team | W | L | Rs | Ra |
| Tennessee | 3 | 1 | 25 | 23 |
| Arizona | 3 | 1 | 12 | 10 |
| Louisiana | 2 | 2 | 25 | 22 |
| Indiana | 2 | 2 | 20 | 18 |
| New York | 0 | 4 | 14 | 23 |
| Arizona | – | 2–1$^{(8)}$ | 7–5 | 2–1 | 1–3 |
| Indiana | 1–2$^{(8)}$ | – | 2–3 | 11–9 | 6–4 |
| Louisiana | 5–7 | 3–2 | – | 5–0 | 12–13 |
| New York | 1–2 | 9–11 | 0–5 | – | 4–5$^{(8)}$ |
| Tennessee | 3–1 | 4–6 | 13–12 | 5–4$^{(8)}$ | – |
International Pool
| Team | W | L | Rs | Ra |
| Taiwan | 4 | 0 | 53 | 5 |
| Curaçao | 3 | 1 | 47 | 24 |
| Puerto Rico | 2 | 2 | 15 | 32 |
| Czech Republic | 1 | 3 | 18 | 27 |
| Canada | 0 | 4 | 10 | 55 |
| Canada | – | 2–18 | 5–9 | 1–9 | 2–19 |
| Curaçao | 18–2 | – | 13–6 | 14–3 | 2–13 |
| Czech Republic | 9–5 | 6–13 | – | 2–3 | 1–6 |
| Puerto Rico | 9–1 | 3–14 | 3–2 | – | 0–15 |
| Taiwan | 19–2 | 13–2 | 6–1 | 15–0 | – |
Elimination Round
| Semifinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | World Championship | World Championship | World Championship |
| 3–1 | Tennessee | 3 | | | |
| 3–1 | Arizona | 7 | | | |
| 3–1 | Arizona | 7 | 4–1 | Arizona | 2 |
| | | | 5–0 | Taiwan | 11 |
| 4–0 | Taiwan | 11 | 5–0 | Taiwan | 11 |
| 3–1 | Curaçao | 0 | | | |
* 2013 Junior League World Series Champions
* Hsin Ming LL Taoyuan, Taiwan
# Copa de Elite

Copa de Elite (English: Elite Cup, parodying the title of the 2007 film Tropa de Elite) is a 2014 Brazilian parody film released on April 17, 2014, directed by Victor Brandt, produced by GLAZ and distributed by 20th Century Fox. It stars humorists Marcos Veras and Júlia Rabello (who were, at the time, husband and wife), both of them already famous for their work with comedy troupe Porta dos Fundos, alongside Rafinha Bastos.
Heavily inspired by films such as Airplane!, Spaceballs and the Naked Gun franchise, Copa de Elite is a satire of several Brazilian blockbusters such as Se Eu Fosse Você (2006), Tropa de Elite (2007), Chico Xavier (2010), Bruna Surfistinha (2011) and Minha Mãe é uma Peça (2013), with main focus on the then-upcoming 2014 FIFA World Cup, which was hosted by Brazil.

## Cast

* Marcos Veras as Jorge Capitão
* Júlia Rabello as Bia Alpinistinha
* Daniel Furlan as Zero Dois
* Milton Filho as Zero Meia
* Rafael Studart as Zero Pi
* Rafinha Bastos as René Rodrigues
* Anitta as reporter
* Victor Leal as boss of Jorge
* Bento Ribeiro as Chico Xavier
* Alexandre Frota as mother of Jorge
* Babu Santana as Jamba
* Thammy Miranda as Navalhada
* Gil Brother as Beggar
* Bruno de Luca as himself

## Critical reception

Copa de Elite has received mostly negative reviews upon its release. Writing for Omelete, Thiago Romariz called it "an unfunny comedy that wastes good actors and an opportunity to joke about [Brazil's] current state of affairs", while giving slight praise to the acting of Marcos Veras, Júlia Rabello and Rafinha Bastos. Yuri Correa for Papo de Cinema called the film's humor "uninspired", "repetitive" and "painfully obvious", comparing it unfavorably to the work of British comedy troupe Monty Python and rating it with 1.5 stars out of 5. Cinema com Rapadura's Thiago Siqueira, rating it with a 1 out of 10, called it "an instant failed comedy resembling an attack to sanity rather than entertainment", noting its humor "lacks timing" and criticizing the lead actors' acting, particularly Bastos'; comparing it unfavorably to The Naked Gun franchise which inspired it, he ends his review by proclaiming, "[Copa de Elite] is nothing but a second-rate product trying to profit off the upcoming World Cup". For CinemAqui, Mariana González noted that "a crushing majority of the jokes don't work", calling it "a lazy work that doesn't recognize its few successes, insisting in repeating tirelessly what's harmful".
# Thurso and North West Caithness (ward)

Thurso and North West Caithness is one of the 21 wards used to elect members of the Highland Council. This was a new ward in the 2017 election following boundary changes. It elects four Councillors.

## Councillors

| Election | Councillors | Councillors | Councillors | Councillors |
| 2017 | Matthew Reiss (Independent) | Struan Mackie (Conservative) | Donnie MacKay (Independent/ Conservative) | Karl Rosie (SNP/ Independent /Alba) |
| 2022 | Matthew Reiss (Independent) | Struan Mackie (Conservative) | Ron Gunn (Liberal Democrats) | Karl Rosie (SNP/ Independent /Alba) |
| 2024 | Matthew Reiss (Independent) | Struan Mackie (Conservative) | Ron Gunn (Liberal Democrats) | Karl Rosie (SNP/ Independent /Alba) |
| 2024 | Matthew Reiss (Independent) | Struan Mackie (Conservative) | Ron Gunn (Liberal Democrats) | Karl Rosie (SNP/ Independent /Alba) |

## Election results
### 2022 election

Thurso and North West Caithness - 4 seats :
| Party | Party | Candidate | FPv% | Count | Count | Count | Count | Count |
| Party | Party | Candidate | FPv% | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 |
| | Liberal Democrats | Ron Gunn | 27.5 | 1,411 | | | | |
| | Independent | Matthew Reiss (incumbent) | 20.4 | 1,049 | | | | |
| | SNP | Karl Rosie (incumbent) | 18.4 | 947 | 1,004 | 1,007 | 1,008 | 1,056 |
| | Conservative | Struan Mackie (incumbent) | 17.9 | 921 | 1,044 | | | |
| | Independent | Iain Gregory | 12.8 | 660 | 765 | 776 | 782 | 869 |
| | Independent | Alexander Glasgow | 2.9 | 151 | 174 | 175 | 177 | |
| Electorate: 10,242 Valid: 5,139 Spoilt: 34 Quota: 1,028 Turnout: 50.5% |||||||||
Source:

### 2017 election

2017 Highland Council election
Thurso and North West Caithness - 4 seats :
| Party | Party | Candidate | FPv% | Count | Count | Count | Count | Count | Count | Count | Count |
| Party | Party | Candidate | FPv% | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 |
| | Independent | Matthew Reiss* | 36.69% | 1,924 | | | | | | | |
| | Conservative | Struan Mackie | 17.18% | 901 | 1,111 | | | | | | |
| | Independent | Donnie MacKay + ††††† | 10.81% | 567 | 678 | 687 | 706 | 717 | 763 | 878 | 1,263 |
| | SNP | Karl Rosie | 14.23% | 746 | 813 | 816 | 823 | 875 | 899 | 957 | 1,059 |
| | Independent | Gillian Coghill* | 7.95% | 417 | 643 | 658 | 683 | 703 | 758 | 870 | |
| | Labour | Roger Saxon+ | 6.25% | 328 | 405 | 410 | 412 | 427 | 488 | | |
| | Liberal Democrats | Alexander Glasgow | 3.78% | 198 | 241 | 250 | 257 | 276 | | | |
| | Scottish Green | Sandra Owsnett | 1.98% | 104 | 128 | 129 | 137 | | | | |
| | Independent | Tommy Farmer | 1.13% | 59 | 82 | 85 | | | | | |
| Electorate: TBC Valid: 5,244 Spoilt: 70 Quota: 1,049 Turnout: 51.4% ||||||||||||
*=Sitting Councillors for Landward Caithness Ward. +=Sitting Councillors for Thurso Ward.
# Kopcie, Węgrów County

Kopcie is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Grębków, within Węgrów County, Masovian Voivodeship, in east-central Poland. It lies approximately 8 kilometres (5 mi) east of Grębków, 17 km (11 mi) south of Węgrów, and 70 km (43 mi) east of Warsaw.
# Sar Seyf

Sar Seyf (Persian: سرسيف) is a village in Zu ol Faqr Rural District, Sarshiv District, Saqqez County, Kurdistan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 96, in 15 families. The village is populated by Kurds.
# Kyōji Watanabe

Kyoji Watanabe (Japanese: 渡辺京二; 1 August 1930 – 25 December 2022) was a Japanese historian, literary critic and essayist.

## Life and career

Born in Kyoto, Watanabe grew up between Kumamoto and the Chinese city of Dalian. He graduated in sociology at the Hosei University in Tokyo and in 1965 he founded the literary magazine Kumamoto Fudoki, in which Michiko Ishimure first published the novel Paradise in the Sea of Sorrow in a serialized format. In 1969 he founded the 'Association to Denounce Minamata Disease', which had a key role in raising public awareness of the disease and negotiating for compensation with the chemical company responsible for the disease Chisso. His best-known work is Remnants of Days Past (逝きし世の面影; Yukishi yo no omokage), a look at the Edo period from the perspective of how modernization actually worsened the quality of people's lives.
During his career Watanabe received various awards and honors, notably the Mainichi Publishing Culture Award in 1979 and the Yomiuri Prize in the "criticism and biography" category in 2006.
On 25 December 2022, Watanabe died at his home in Kumamoto, at the age of 92.
# Vincenzo Monaldi

Vincenzo Monaldi (16 April 1899, in Monte Vidon Combatte, Marche – 7 November 1969) was an Italian physician and physiologist. His family lived in Grottazzolina, some of his relatives still live there, two brothers Giulio and Francesco Monaldi emigrated to Argentina.

## Biography

He fought in the First World War, while he studied, obtaining a military award, the Croce di Guerra. In 1925 he obtained his medicine degree and specialized in treating Tuberculosis and illness of the respiratory system. He established the academic journal "Archivio di fisiologia", which is still one of the top journals in the field, now called "Monaldi Archives of Chest Disease." He gathered international fame and was named member of the Royal Society of Medicine in London and others in Italy and Germany. He was assistant at the Physiology Institute of Rome, then he went on to Naples as professor and director of "Principe di Piemonte" sanatorium (now "Ospedale Monaldi").

## Political life

He was Mayor of his home town Grottazzolina when he was just 20 years old, the youngest mayor in Italy. He joined the Italian People's Party of Don Luigi Sturzo then the Democrazia Cristiana. He was elected senator in 1948, holding important positions in government until he became High Commissioner for Hygiene and then became the first Italian Minister of Health in the Fanfani II Cabinet.

## Last years

When Vincenzo Monaldi left political activity, he returned to practice as a doctor and teacher. He died in Naples in 1969. Today, the "Principe di Piemonte" sanatorium is named after him.