OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Matveyevsky District

Matveyevsky District (Russian: Матве́евский райо́н) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the thirty-five in Orenburg Oblast, Russia. It is located in the northwest of the oblast. The area of the district is 1,800 square kilometers (690 sq mi). Its administrative center is the rural locality (a selo) of Matveyevka. Population: 12,267 (2010 Census); 15,627 (2002 Census); 15,704 (1989 Soviet census). The population of Matveyevka accounts for 24.8% of the district's total population.
# Kimuraya

Kimuraya Sohonten (Japanese: 木村屋總本店) is a bakery which was first established in 1869 as Bun'eidō (文英堂) by a former samurai, Yasubei Kimura. It was then renamed Kimuraya in 1870.

## Products

Kimura invented the anpan sweet bun in 1874 and this became popular with the Emperor and so sold well. The bakery makes about 130 unique products, with some only available on a seasonal basis.
On February 1, 2024, Kimuraya's newest product went on sale on their online store and in Japan's Kanto area supermarkets. Kimuraya reportedly worked its magic with a Japanese electronics company; NEC Corp to make an AI Love Bread. NEC Corp utilized two AI technologies for the project: “NEC Enhanced Speech” for converting speech into text and “NEC Data Enrichment” for generating emotion scores from text data. They then transformed these feelings into various flavors of fluffy steamed bread.
# Chenaran, Tehran

Chenaran (Persian: چناران, also Romanized as Chenārān) is a village in Mehrabad Rural District, Rudehen District, Damavand County, Tehran Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 372, in 109 families.
# Swedish Handball Cup

The Swedish Handball Cup (Swedish: Svenska cupen i handboll) is the nationwide cup tournament for handball teams in Sweden. It's also known as ATG Svenska cupen for sponsorship reasons. The competition was at first held 1967 to1971, 1979–1990 and then brought back in 2021.
The modern version of the cup starts pre qualification leading to a group phase, followed by a knockout stage where the teams face each other home and away in the last 16 and quarterfinals. From the 2023/24 season the semifinals, bronzematch and final is played as a Final four event.

## Past winners Men's Cup

| Year | Winner | Runner-up |
| 1967/1968 | HK Drott |
| 1968/1969 | Redbergslids IK (1) |
| 1969/1970 | SoIK Hellas (2) |
| 1970/1971 | Västra Frölunda IF (1) |
| Not held 1972–1978 |||
| 1979/1980 | HK Drott (1) |
| 1980/1981 | IFK Karlskrona (1) |
| 1981/1982 | HK Drott (2) |
| 1982/1983 | Dalhems IF (1) |
| 1983/1984 | Västra Frölunda IF (2) |
| 1984/1985 | HK Drott (3) |
| 1985/1986 | HK Drott (4) |
| 1986/1987 | IFK Skövde (1) |
| 1987/1988 | Redbergslids IK (2) |
| 1988/1989 | HK Drott (5) |
| 1989/1990 | IF Saab (1) |
| Not held 1991–2020 |||
| 2021/2022 | IK Sävehof (1) | Lugi HF |
| 2022/2023 | IFK Kristianstad (1) | Hammarby IF |

## Past winners Women's Cup

| Year | Winner | Runner-up |
| 1979/1980 | Stockholmspolisens IF |
| 1980/1981 | Irsta HF (1) |
| 1981/1982 | Irsta HF (2) |
| 1982/1983 | Stockholmspolisens IF (2) |
| 1983/1984 | HK Silwing/Troja (1) |
| 1984/1985 | Stockholmspolisens IF (3) |
| 1985/1986 | Tyresö HF (1) |
| 1986/1987 | Tyresö HF (2) |
| 1987/1988 | RP IF (1) |
| 1988/1989 | Tyresö HF (3) |
| Not held 1990–2020 |||
| 2021/2022 | Skuru IK (1) | Skara HF |
| 2022/2023 | IK Sävehof (1) | H65 Höör |
| 2023/2024 | IK Sävehof (2) | H65 Höör |
# Holzleiten Saddle

The Holzleiten Saddle (German: Holzleitensattel, 1,119 m (AA)) is a mountain pass between Nassereith and Obsteig in the Austrian state of Tyrol. The B 189 runs over the saddle and is about 25 km long. It is the only important and very busy link from the Inn valley to the Fern Pass. Whilst it ascends gradually in the east over the Mieming Plateau, the saddle drops relatively steeply in the west into the Gurgltal (ca. 820 m above sea level (AA)). Its maximum gradient is 12 %.
The saddle is named after the scattered hamlet (Rotte) of Holzleiten (municipality of Obsteig), which is located near the summit of the pass.
# In the Name of Love: Artists United for Africa

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Jesus Freak Hideout | |
In the Name of Love: Artists United for Africa is a benefit album, recorded by Christian bands, with a portion of the proceeds going to help cure the AIDS pandemic in Africa. All of the songs are covers of U2 songs.

## Track listing

* "Sunday Bloody Sunday" – Pillar
* "Beautiful Day" – Sanctus Real
* "40" – Starfield
* "Love Is Blindness" – Sixpence None the Richer
* "Gloria" – Audio Adrenaline
* "Grace" – Nichole Nordeman
* "All I Want Is You" – Jars of Clay
* "Mysterious Ways" – tobyMac & Sarah Kelly
* "Pride (In the Name of Love)" – Delirious?
* "One" – Tait
* "With or Without You" – GRITS & Jadyn Maria
* "When Love Comes to Town" – Todd Agnew
* "Where the Streets Have No Name" – Chris Tomlin

## Awards and nominations

In 2004, 'Beautiful Day' by Sanctus Real was nominated for a Dove Award for Modern Rock Song of the Year.
# Saint-Ambroix, Gard

Saint-Ambroix (French pronunciation:; Occitan: Sant Ambruèis) is a commune in the Gard department in southern France.

## Population

| Year | Pop. | ±% p.a. |
| 1793 | 2,300 | — |
| 1800 | 2,258 | −0.26% |
| 1806 | 2,102 | −1.19% |
| 1821 | 2,531 | +1.25% |
| 1831 | 2,947 | +1.53% |
| 1836 | 3,107 | +1.06% |
| 1841 | 3,148 | +0.26% |
| 1846 | 3,650 | +3.00% |
| 1851 | 3,724 | +0.40% |
| 1856 | 4,260 | +2.73% |
| 1861 | 4,060 | −0.96% |
| 1866 | 4,645 | +2.73% |
| 1872 | 4,260 | −1.43% |
| 1876 | 4,012 | −1.49% |
| 1881 | 3,454 | −2.95% |
| 1886 | 3,433 | −0.12% |
| 1891 | 3,380 | −0.31% |
| 1896 | 3,307 | −0.44% |
| Year | Pop. | ±% p.a. |
| 1901 | 3,585 | +1.63% |
| 1906 | 3,631 | +0.26% |
| 1911 | 3,494 | −0.77% |
| 1921 | 3,549 | +0.16% |
| 1926 | 3,558 | +0.05% |
| 1931 | 3,350 | −1.20% |
| 1936 | 3,317 | −0.20% |
| 1946 | 3,301 | −0.05% |
| 1954 | 3,627 | +1.18% |
| 1962 | 3,731 | +0.35% |
| 1968 | 4,164 | +1.85% |
| 1975 | 3,815 | −1.24% |
| 1982 | 3,845 | +0.11% |
| 1990 | 3,517 | −1.11% |
| 1999 | 3,365 | −0.49% |
| 2007 | 3,509 | +0.53% |
| 2012 | 3,319 | −1.11% |
| 2017 | 3,162 | −0.96% |
Source: EHESS and INSEE (1968-2017) :
# Castelnavet

Castelnavet (French pronunciation:; Occitan: Castèthnavèth) is a commune in the Gers department in southwestern France.
# Staro-Almyasovo

Staro-Almyasovo (Russian: Старо-Альмясово; Bashkir: Иҫке Әлмәс, İśke Älmäs) is a rural locality (a village) in Ibrayevsky Selsoviet, Kugarchinsky District, Bashkortostan, Russia. The population was 5 as of 2010. There are 2 streets.

## Geography

Staro-Almyasovo is located 17 km northwest of Mrakovo (the district's administrative centre) by road. Siksanbayevo is the nearest rural locality.
# Hello Harinezumi

Hello Harinezumi (Japanese: ハロー張りネズミ, lit. "Hello Hedgehog") is a Japanese manga series written and illustrated by Kenshi Hirokane. It was originally serialized in the manga magazine Weekly Young Magazine from 1980 to 1989. The series follows the exploits of Goro Nanase, a private detective in Tokyo. Hello Harinezumi has been adapted multiple times, including as a live-action film, an original video animation (OVA), and multiple live-action television dramas.

## Synopsis

Goro Nanase and his partner Hisaku Kogure are private detectives at the Akatsuka Detective Agency in Itabashi, Tokyo. Goro has earned the nickname "Harinezumi" (ハリネズミ, lit. "Hedgehog") from his colleagues due to his unkempt hair, which resembles the spikes of a hedgehog. The series follows the pair in an episodic format as they solve cases covering a range of themes and subjects, from realistic occurrences to paranormal phenomena.

## Media
### Manga

Hello Harinezumi was serialized in Kodansha's manga magazine Weekly Young Magazine from 1980 to 1989. The company later published the series as 24 collected volumes.

### Adaptations

In 1991, a live-action film adaptation of Hello Harinezumi starring Toshiaki Karasawa as Goro was released.
In 1992, an original video animation (OVA) titled Hello Harinezumi: Domain of Murder (ハロー張りネズミ〜殺意の領分〜) was released, directed by Hiroshi Morioka and Iku Suzuki [ja], and featuring Shigeru Nakahara as the voice of Goro. The OVA was licensed by Central Park Media for release in North America, where it was titled simply Domain of Murder.
In 1996, TBS Television aired Hello Harinezumi: Shoka no Kamakura (ハロー張りネズミ 初夏の鎌倉-箱根), a one-off live-action television special, as part of its Monday Drama Special [ja] programming block. It starred Naoto Ogata as Goro.
In 2005, the Taiwanese network Public Television Service produced a 30-episode live-action television drama adaptation of Hello Harinezumi titled Zhēntàn Wùyǔ [zh] (偵探物語, lit. 'Detective Story').
In 2017, TBS Television aired a ten-episode live-action television drama adaptation of Hello Harinezumi starring Eita Nagayama as Goro.
# Drašiči

Drašiči (pronounced; German: Draschitz) is a village in the Municipality of Metlika in the White Carniola area of southeastern Slovenia, next to the border with Croatia. The entire area is part of the traditional region of Lower Carniola and is now included in the Southeast Slovenia Statistical Region.
The local church is dedicated to Saint Peter and belongs to the Parish of Metlika. It is a late Baroque church built in 1773.
In 1934, an Eneolithic settlement was excavated in the Stari Grad area of the settlement.
# Ichirgu-boila

The Ichirgu-boila or Chargobilya (Greek: ητζιργου βοιλα; Old Bulgarian: чрьгѹбꙑлꙗ, Bulgarian: Ичиргу боила) was a high-ranking official in the First Bulgarian Empire. The holder of the post was the commander of the garrison of the capital and was the third most important person in the state after the ruler and the Kavkhan. In peace-time the ichirgu-boila had diplomatic functions. According to some data the ichirgu-boila personally commanded a squad of 400 heavy cavalrymen.

## Origin

According to Veselin Besheliev the word "ichirgu" was of Turkic-Altay origin and meant "internal".
One funeral inscription found during excavation works in Preslav talks about the ichirgu-boila Mostich who served under the Emperors Simeon I the Great (893-927) and Peter I (927-969). An unknown ichirgu-boila is mentioned in the Philippi Inscription dating from the reign of Khan Presian I.
# Nakło County

Nakło County (Polish: powiat nakielski) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship, north-central Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and largest town is Nakło nad Notecią, which lies 28 km (17 mi) west of Bydgoszcz and 70 km (43 mi) west of Toruń. The county contains three other towns: Szubin, lying 18 km (11 mi) south-east of Nakło nad Notecią, Kcynia, lying 18 km (11 mi) south-west of Nakło nad Notecią, and Mrocza, 12 km (7 mi) north of Nakło nad Notecią.
The county covers an area of 1,120.48 square kilometres (432.6 sq mi). As of 2006 its total population is 84,786, out of which the population of Nakło nad Notecią is 18,281, that of Szubin is 9,556, that of Kcynia is 4,657, that of Mrocza is 4,350, and the rural population is 49,605.

## Neighbouring counties

Nakło County is bordered by Sępólno County to the north, Bydgoszcz County to the east, Żnin County to the south, Wągrowiec County to the southwest and Piła County to the west.

## Administrative division

The county is subdivided into five gminas (four urban-rural and one rural). These are listed in the following table, in descending order of population.
| Gmina | Type | Area (km$^2$) | Population (2019) | Seat |
| Gmina Nakło nad Notecią | urban-rural | 187.0 | 31,789 | Nakło nad Notecią |
| Gmina Szubin | urban-rural | 332.1 | 24,756 | Szubin |
| Gmina Kcynia | urban-rural | 297.0 | 13,409 | Kcynia |
| Gmina Mrocza | urban-rural | 150.7 | 9,222 | Mrocza |
| Gmina Sadki | rural | 153.7 | 7,273 | Sadki |
# Young Leaders Rally Cup

The Cup of the Rally of Young Leaders (also called the Young Leaders Rally Cup and the Cup of the Polish Youth Union) (Polish: Puchar Zlotu Młodych Przodowników) was the first League Cup in Polish football. The tournament was created by the then president of the Polish Football Association with all 12 teams of the I liga being involved. Due to the league being delayed until after the 1952 Summer Olympics the tournament provided the players a chance to show off their skills with a chance of being called up into the Olympic squad. The tournament took place in Warsaw with the 12 teams being split into 2 groups of 6, with teams in each group playing each other twice. The tournament took its name from the youth rally that was taking place in the city from 20 to 22 July 1952.
The final took place on 20 July 1952 in the Polish Army Stadium. The final was between the winners of each group, Wawel Kraków and Cracovia, with Wawel winning the final. There were also playoffs for the 3rd and 5th places.

## Group stage
### Group 1

| Pos. | Club | Played | Pts | GF | GA | Notes |
| 1 | Wawel Kraków | 10 | 19 | 37 | 7 | To play Cracovia in the final |
| 2 | Wisła Kraków | 10 | 11 | 17 | 12 | To play AKS Chorzów in the 3rd place playoff |
| 3 | Lechia Gdańsk | 10 | 11 | 13 | 14 | To play Lech Poznań in the 5th place playoff |
| 4 | Polonia Warsaw | 10 | 9 | 19 | 16 | Knocked out |
| 5 | Polonia Bytom | 10 | 5 | 10 | 25 | Knocked out |
| 6 | Polonia Bytom | 10 | 5 | 5 | 27 | Knocked out |

### Group 2

| Pos. | Club | Played | Pts | GF | GA | Notes |
| 1 | Cracovia | 10 | 16 | 22 | 14 | To play Wawel Kraków in the final |
| 2 | AKS Chorzów | 10 | 14 | 20 | 9 | To play Wisła Kraków in the 3rd place playoff |
| 3 | Lech Poznań | 10 | 12 | 22 | 16 | To play Lechia Gdańsk in the 5th place playoff |
| 4 | Legia Warsaw | 10 | 10 | 19 | 18 | Knocked out |
| 5 | Górnik Radlin | 10 | 7 | 11 | 16 | Knocked out |
| 6 | ŁKS Łódź | 10 | 1 | 9 | 30 | Knocked out |

## Finals stage

All finals took place in the Polish Army Stadium on 20 July 1952.
Fifth place playoff
Lech Poznań vs Lechia Gdańsk – 2:1 (2:1)
Third place playoff
Wisła Kraków vs AKS Chorzów – 2:1 (1:1)
Final

### Final standings

1st: Wawel Kraków 2nd: Cracovia 3rd: Wisła Kraków 4th: AKS Chorzów 5th: Lech Poznań 6th: Lechia Gdańsk
# Strmol Castle

Strmol Castle (German: Burg Stermol, Slovene: Grad Strmol) is a castle located at the foot of Dvorjanski hrib ("Mansion Hill") near the villages of Češnjevek, Grad and Dvorje, in the Municipality of Cerklje na Gorenjskem, Slovenia. Named after its builders, the Strmol family, it is notable as one of the few castles in Slovenia to retain a Slovene name throughout its history. It is currently a guesthouse and conference site for the government of the Republic of Slovenia.

## History

Of the twelve medieval manors in the area of the modern Municipality of Cerklje na Gorenjskem, Strmol Castle is the only one that has survived intact to the present. The castle is first mentioned in the 13th century, though there are no reliable records of its founding. The structure is centered on a towering keep with a late medieval core, taking its present form after renaissance and baroque renovations. The central keep is surrounded by a low, rectangular renaissance defensive wall, fortified with square corner turrets, which once featured a drawbridge over a moat. The interiors are richly furnished with historic furniture and art.
In January 1944, the Partisans abducted and murdered the owners of the castle, Rado Hribar (1901–1944) and Ksenija Gorjup Hribar (1905–1944), in the forest at Mače. The castle was confiscated by the communist government after the war. A demand for restitution of the property was lodged in 1992 and the castle was returned to the heirs in 2004. The bodies of Rado Hribar and Ksenija Gorjup Hribar were found in December 2015 above the village of Mače.

## Castle park

The castle is surrounded by a park, established in the late 17th century. It originally encompassed an orchard on the slope below the castle, and four fishponds on the plain below that, with a walking path with benches leading from the castle. The layout has not significantly changed, though only one of the ponds remains. The current arrangement includes an access path, which ascends the slope toward a square walled courtyard behind the castle. The wall is decorated with baroque female figures and puttos by Angelo PuttaPozzi, originally from the garden of the defunct Zalog (Wartenberg) manor by Moravče, but relocated here in the 1960s along with his Atlas statues at the northern entrance steps. On the opposite side of the courtyard, the path descends toward a nearby road. Between the access paths there is an informal park, with an artificial lake and non-native trees.

## Sources

* Inventory of Significant Natural Heritage of Slovenia, Agency for Protection of Natural and Cultural Heritage of SR Slovenia, Ljubljana 1988 ("Inventar najpomembnejše naravne dediščine Slovenije, Zavod SR Slovenije za varstvo naravne in kulturne dediščine, Ljubljana 1988")
# Peyrelevade

Peyrelevade (French pronunciation:; Occitan: Peiralevada) is a commune in the Corrèze department in central France.
# Prince Moritz of Saxe-Altenburg

Prince Moritz of Saxe-Altenburg (24 October 1829 in Eisenberg – 13 May 1907 in Arco, Austria-Hungary), was a member of the ducal house of Saxe-Altenburg. He was the father of Ernst II, Duke of Saxe-Altenburg.

## Family

He was the third but second surviving son of Georg, Duke of Saxe-Altenburg and Duchess Marie Louise of Mecklenburg-Schwerin (daughter of Frederick Louis, Hereditary Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Schwerin and his first wife Grand Duchess Elena Pavlovna of Russia).

## Marriage and issue

In Meiningen on 15 October 1862 Moritz married Princess Augusta of Saxe-Meiningen, daughter of Bernhard II, Duke of Saxe-Meiningen. They had five children:
| Name | Birth | Death | Notes |
| Princess Marie Anne | 14 March 1864 | 3 May 1918 | married on 16 April 1882 to Prince Georg of Schaumburg-Lippe. |
| Princess Elisabeth Augusta Marie Agnes | 25 January 1865 | 24 March 1927 | married on 27 April 1884 to Grand Duke Konstantin Konstantinovich of Russia; [upon her marriage, she took the name Elizaveta Mavrikievna in a Russian Orthodox baptism] |
| Princess Margarethe Marie Agnes Adelaide Karoline Fredericka | 22 May 1867 | 17 June 1882 | died unmarried with no issue |
| Ernst II, Duke of Saxe-Altenburg | 31 August 1871 | 22 March 1955 | married Princess Adelaide of Schaumburg-Lippe |
| Princess Louise Charlotte of Saxe-Altenburg | 11 August 1873 | 14 April 1953 | married on 6 February 1895 to Eduard, Duke of Anhalt; they divorced on 26 January 1918, shortly before he died. |

## Honours

He received the following orders and decorations:
* Ernestine duchies: Grand Cross of the Saxe-Ernestine House Order, November 1847
* Kingdom of Prussia:
** Grand Cross of the Red Eagle, 18 October 1861
** Iron Cross (1870), 2nd Class with White Band
** Red Cross Medal, 1st Class, 27 January 1899
* Mecklenburg: Grand Cross of the Wendish Crown, with Crown in Ore
* Kingdom of Saxony: Knight of the Rue Crown, 1848
* Kingdom of Hanover:
** Grand Cross of the Royal Guelphic Order, 1852
** Grand Cross of the Order of Ernst August
* Oldenburg: Grand Cross of the Order of Duke Peter Friedrich Ludwig, with Golden Crown, 9 February 1852
* Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach: Grand Cross of the White Falcon, 4 February 1851
* Ascanian duchies: Grand Cross of Albert the Bear, 28 April 1853
* Lippe:
** Cross of Honour of the House Order of Lippe, 1st Class
** Red Cross Medal, 1st Class
* Kingdom of Greece: Grand Cross of the Redeemer
* Russian Empire: Knight of St. Andrew
* Brunswick: Grand Cross of the Henry the Lion
Moritzstraße in Altenburg is named after the Prince.

## Ancestry

Ancestors of Prince Moritz of Saxe-Altenburg :
# Daujėnai

Daujėnai (Polish: Dowiany) is a small town in Panevėžys County, in northeastern Lithuania. According to the 2011 census, the town has a population of 423 people.
# Walang Iwanan, Peksman

Walang Iwanan, Peksman is a 2002 Philippine romantic action comedy film produced and directed by Toto Natividad. The film stars Jinggoy Estrada and Judy Ann Santos.

## Cast

* Jinggoy Estrada as Carding
* Judy Ann Santos as Helen
* Bayani Agbayani as Bodong
* Ace Espinosa as Jo Del Gado
* Pyar Mirasol as Jinky
* Robert Arevalo as Helen's Father
* Trovador Ramos Sr. as Capt. Fidel Moreno
* Izza Ignacio as Julie
* Romy Diaz as Oscar
* Minnie Aguilar as Betty
* Rommel Montano as Ariel
* Val Iglesias as Tata Simon
* Bryan Homecillo as Bong
* Kuya Cesar as Priest
* Maning Bato as Patient
* Jimmy Regino as himself
* Vingo Regino as himself
* Torling Pader as Karyong Kilatis
* Boy Gomez as Asiong Akyat
* Philip Supnet as Michael
* Jaime Cuales as Pepeng Pingas
* Ate Guy as Binong Bading
* Tacio Tangkad as Jordan
* Josie Tagle as Landlady
* Tessie Villarama as Helen's Mother
* Banjo Romero as Jo's Henchman
* Boy Roque as Ariel's Henchman
* Malou Crisologo as Denver's Nanny
* Rene Matias as Police Victim
* Rey Solo as Taxi Driver Victim
* Nonong Talbo as Priest
* Lucy Quinto as Raquedan's Wife
* Vic Felipe as Warden
* Manuel Montemayor as Police Asset
* Ernie Forte as Berting's Asset

## Production

Initially produced by Millenium Cinema, the film was supposed to be part of the 2000 Metro Manila Film Festival, but production was put on hold, with Jinggoy Estrada being part of the committee. Ping Lacson: Supercop, also directed by Toto Natividad, took over its place. When Millenium closed shop at the start of 2001, Natividad took over the film's production under the Jolo Films banner. It was later on supposed to be part of the 2001 Metro Manila Film Festival, but was not able to make it to the cut-off. Its playdate was set to early January 2002.
# Ancône

Ancône (French pronunciation:; Occitan: Ancona) is a commune in the Drôme department in southeastern France.
# Ponikve, Semič

Ponikve (pronounced; German: Sporeben) is a remote abandoned settlement in the Municipality of Semič in southern Slovenia. The area is part of the traditional region of Lower Carniola and is now included in the Southeast Slovenia Statistical Region. Its territory is now part of the village of Planina.

## Name

The Slovenian name Ponikve is a plural form derived from the word ponikva 'influent stream' or 'sinkhole' (into which such a stream disappears). In its plural form it refers to a gently rolling landscape consisting of the basins of an influent stream. Like other villages named Ponikve and similar names (e.g., Ponikva), it refers to a local landscape element. The German name Sporeben was attested as Payrs-Eben 'Bavarian plain' in 1574. This developed via dialect ins Poar Eben 'in the Bavarian plain' into the name Sporeben and refers to a Bavarian ethnic presence among neighboring non-Bavarian settlers.

## History

Ponikve was a Gottschee German village. In 1574 the village consisted of four half-farms. It had 12 houses in 1770, but only eight in 1931. The original residents were expelled in the fall of 1941. Italian troops burned the village during the Rog Offensive in the summer of 1942 and it was not rebuilt after the war. After the village was burned, the Partisans built the Kremen hospital in the nearby forest. The hospital continued to function until February 1945. The Partisan Veterans' Organization restored the headquarters building of the hospital in 1956.