OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Costa Rican Tourism Board

The Costa Rican Tourism Board (Spanish: Instituto Costarricense de Turismo) is the government agency responsible for promoting sustainable tourism in Costa Rica. Originally the agency was created by decree in 1931 as the National Tourism Board, and by a law approved on 9 August 1955, the agency became the Instituto Costarricense de Turismo (ICT).
The Tourism Board is responsible for granting the fiscal incentives available in the country since 1985 for tourism development. These incentives consist mainly of tax exemptions for companies providing hotel services, air transport, car rental, gastronomy services, travel agencies, and other tourism related services.
The agency introduced in 1997 a voluntary Certification for Sustainable Tourism Program (known as CST) was introduced in order to turn "the concept of sustainability into something real" by "improving the way in which the natural and social resources are utilized, to motivate the active participation of the local communities, and to support the competitiveness of the business sector. The program was aimed for all types of businesses in the tourism industry, but it began only with lodging providers. By 2007, a total of 108 parameters are considered for the CST evaluation.
# Zamanabad-e Mohammadabad

Zamanabad-e Mohammadabad (Persian: زمان ابادمحمداباد, also Romanized as Zamānābād-e Moḩammadābād) is a village in Almahdi Rural District, Jowkar District, Malayer County, Hamadan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 118, in 37 families.
# Johann August Natterer

Johann August Natterer (19 October 1821 – 25 December 1900) was an Austrian physician and chemist.
Born in Vienna, he was the son of Joseph Natterer (1786 –1852) and a nephew to naturalist Johann Natterer (1787–1843). In 1847, he obtained his medical doctorate from the University of Vienna, later practicing medicine in Wien-Leopoldstadt.
In 1854, he attempted to liquify "permanent gases" using pressures up to 3600 bars (about 3550 atm), but failed. This was because those gases have a critical temperature far lower than what Natterer could cool the gas to. Consequently, no matter how high the pressure he could achieve, there would be no phase transition from gas to liquid.
Along with his brother Josef Natterer (1819–1862), he is remembered for pioneer experiments in the field of photography. In 1841, using a Voigtländer camera on daguerreotype plates that were prepared according to a chemical process developed by Franz Kratochwila, they were able to increase the sensitivity five-fold, and reportedly achieved exposure times as low as 5 to 6 seconds in clear weather.
In the mid-1840s, using a compressed air chamber pump invented by J. Schembor (1777–1851), he was the first scientist to produce liquid carbon dioxide in significant quantities. His name is associated with a sealed and constant volume vessel known as a "Natterer's tube". The glass tube can demonstrate the critical point of carbon dioxide (30.98 C, 72.8 atm), which is visible as critical opalescence and the disappearance of the meniscus.
# Hossein Maadani

Hossein Maadani (Persian: حسین معدنی, 7 May 1971 – 1 August 2014) was an Iranian volleyball player and coach. He was assistant coach and head coach of Iran men's national volleyball team from 2007 to 2014.

## Individual

* Best setter: 2002 Asian Club Championship
# Kalamydi

Kalamydi (Ancient Greek: Καλαμύδη) is an ancient Dorian city on the south coast of Western Crete. It was first tentatively identified in 1837 by Robert Pashley in the second volume of his book Travels in Crete. It is located near Palaiochora in Chania regional unit, near the estuary of the Kakodikianos river. The remains of Kalamyde are to the west of Lissus and thirty stade from Kriu-metopon.
There are ruins of a Roman house at Trochaloi.
Archaeoseismological studies have shown evidence of past tsunamis and earthquakes that occurred in Kalamyde as well as throughout western Crete. It is believed that Kalamyde was located to the northeast of the contemporary town of Palaiochora and served as the harbor site for the city of Kanatos. Kalamyde would have been severely affected by the 365 AD Crete earthquake that destroyed nearly every town in Crete; the southwestern Cretan coast was lifted up to 9 meters by the earthquake.
On the west and southwest sides of the city the walls may be traced for 300 or 400 paces; on the east they extend about 100 paces; while on the south the ridge narrows, and the wall, adapting itself to the natural features of the hill, has not a length of more than 20 paces. This wall is composed of polygonal stones, which have not been touched by the chisel.
# Dorium

Dorium or Dorion (Ancient Greek: Δώριον) was a town of ancient Messenia, Dorium appears in the Catalogue of Ships in Homer's Iliad, where he mentions it as the place where the bard Thamyris was smitten with blindness, because he boasted that he could surpass the Muses in singing. Strabo says that some persons said Dorium was a mountain, and others a plain; but there was no trace of the place in his time, although some identified it with a place called Oluris (Ὄλουρις) or Olura (Ὄλουρα), in the district of Messenia named Aulon. Pausanias, however, places the ruins of Dorium on the road from Andania to Cyparissia. After leaving Andania, he first came to Polichne; and after crossing the rivers Electra and Coeus, he reached the fountain of Achaia and the ruins of Dorium.
Its site is located near the modern Malthi.
# Murutak

Murutak (Persian: موروتك, also Romanized as Mūrūtak; also known as Mūrūtak-e Pā’īn and Mūrtak-e Pā’īn) is a village in Mud Rural District, Mud District, Sarbisheh County, South Khorasan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 16, in 4 families.
# Ischopolis

Ischopolis (Ancient Greek: Ἰσχόπολις) was a city in ancient Pontus. It was near Pharnacia, and was in ruins even in the time of Strabo, but is still noticed by Ptolemy.
# Lyubov Bruletova

Lyubov Aleksandrovna Bruletova (Russian: Любовь Александровна Брулетова; born 17 September 1973) is a Russian judoka. Now she is judoka coach.
Bruletova won a silver medal in the extra-lightweight (‍–‍48 kg) division at the 2000 Summer Olympics.
# Clancy Smith (Oklahoma judge)

Carlene Clancy Smith is a retired judge from Oklahoma. Her last position was as a justice of the Oklahoma Court of Criminal Appeals (OCCA). She was appointed on September 13, 2010 by Oklahoma Supreme Court Chief Justice James E. Edmondson to replace the recently-retired Justice Charles Chapel. She retired on June 17, 2017. She served as the presiding judge of the court for a two-year term starting on January 1, 2015.

## Early life and education

Clancy Smith was born and raised in Hugo, Oklahoma, where she graduated from Hugo High School in 1960. She then attended Oklahoma State University, where she earned a Bachelor's degree in English, graduating in 1964. After graduating, she taught English at Memorial High School in Tulsa, and in Jacksonville, Florida. Later, she enrolled at the University of Tulsa College of Law, where she earned the Juris Doctor degree in 1980, then entered a private law practice for fourteen years.

## Career

She became a special district judge in the Family Law Division of the Tulsa County District Court from 1994 until 1998. She received the Outstanding Family Law Judge Award from the Family Law Section of the Oklahoma Bar Association (OBA) in 1996. Governor Brad Henry appointed her as district judge for the Fourteenth Judicial District in 2005. She served until 2010 in the Criminal Division of the District Court of Tulsa County and presided over more than 110 felony jury trials.
While serving as District Judge, Smith worked closely with Women In Recovery for alternative sentencing options for women.
On October 17, 2017, Governor Fallin announced that Judge Dana Kuehn would succeed Judge Smith on the OCCA.

## Honors and memberships

* Member, Tulsa Bar Association
* Member, Oklahoma Bar Association
* President of the Johnson-Sontag Chapter of the America Inns of Court for three years
* Received the James Sontag Award for ethics and civility in 2010
* Recipient of the 2010 Mona Salyer Lambird Spotlight Award.

## Personal

Smith is married to Jim Thompson. The couple has two children and four grandchildren.
# Sogndal Folk High School

Sogndal Folk High School (Norwegian: Sogndal Folkehøgskule) was a folk high school in Sogndal municipality, Norway.
One of the first of its kind in Norway, it was founded by Jakob Sverdrup, inspired by Grundtvigianism during his studies, in 1871. Sverdrup was initially headmaster, but following illness he first left the post to his brother Hersleb Sverdrup, then to Henrik Mohn Dahl.
# Chalkaspides

Chalkaspides (Greek: Χαλκάσπιδες, lit. 'Bronze Shields') is a poetic term used by writers of Koine Greek to refer to a Macedonian phalanx. The most notable group called chalkaspides was the main phalanx force of the Antigonid Macedonian army in the Hellenistic period. The group were hoplites who fought in phalanx formation using long sarissas and bronze shields, either a pelta or an aspis. They may have been supplemented by another Antigonid force called the Leukaspides ("White Shields") when more manpower was necessary, although the leukaspides are less well-attested to in ancient sources. The leukaspides may have been very similar to the chalkaspides and also fought as a phalanx, or they might be a term for non-Macedonian allies and mercenaries who used wooden thyreos shields rather than the bronze pelta.
King Antigonus Doson armed the citizens of Megalopolis as "Bronze Shields" for the Sellasia campaign in 222 BC. These units fought in the various Macedonian Wars against the Roman Republic. Plutarch records 1,200 wagons filled with bronze shields taken as spoils after the Roman victory at the Battle of Pydna in 168 BC, presumably from the defeated chalkaspides.
The term Chalkaspides is found in other Hellenistic armies, as well. The historian Polybius records a military parade by the Seleucid army of the Seleucid Empire at Daphne, a suburb of Antioch, in 165 BCE. The Seleucid phalanx seems to have been formed into two corps: 10,000 Chrysaspides (Greek: Χρυσάσπιδες "Golden Shields") and 5,000 Chalkaspides. While the Seleucids clearly heavily used phalanxes in their wars, if a separate corps was meant by Polybius with the reference to chalkaspides, little else is known specifically about that corps. A reference in 1 Maccabees refers to bronze shields present at the Battle of Beth Zechariah in 162 BC.
The Achaean League's phalanx are also sometimes called chalkaspides. Plutarch writes of Mithridates VI of Pontus fielding a corps of chalkaspides against Sulla at the Battle of Chaeronea (86 BCE).
# Dulan, Iran

Dulan (Persian: دولان, also Romanized as Dūlān) is a village in Yeylaq Rural District, in the Central District of Kaleybar County, East Azerbaijan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 92, in 16 families.
# Ahmad Mehdizadeh

Ahmad Mehdizadeh (born 1 March 1987 in Bandar Anzali) is an Iranian footballer who currently plays for Saipa in Iran Pro League.
# Aphacitis

Aphacitis (Ancient Greek: Ἀφακῖτις) was an epithet of the goddess Aphrodite from Greek mythology, derived from the town of Aphaca (modern Afqa) in Coele-Syria, where she had a celebrated temple with an oracle, which was destroyed by the command of the emperor Constantine.
At the temple there was a small pool into which worshippers would throw offerings. If the offerings sank, it was proof they were acceptable to Aphrodite. Delegations would be sent from quite far away to the shrine during festivals to offer donations to the goddess here.
# Sabaces

Sabaces (Ancient Greek: Σαβάκης; name variants: Sabakes, Sauaces; Sataces; Sathaces; Diodorus Siculus calls him Tasiaces (Τασιάκης); Aramaic: 𐡎𐡅𐡉𐡊 SWYK, died in 333 BC) was an Achaemenid Persian satrap of the Achaemenid Thirty-first Dynasty of Egypt during the reign of king Darius III of Persia.

## Resistance to Alexander the Great

Some time before the Battle of Issus (modern-day Turkey), Sabaces left Egypt with his army to join Darius III in Syria and support him in his fight against Alexander the Great. When the Battle of Issus took place (November 333 BC) Alexander and his horsemen fought their way through the enemy troops until they came in close vicinity to Darius III, whose life was therefore threatened. Darius III was protected by the most noble Persians, among them also Sabaces, who was killed:
   Of the Persians were killed Arsames, Rheomithres, and Atizyes who had commanded the cavalry at the Granicus. Sabaces, viceroy of Egypt, and Bubaces, one of the Persian dignitaries, were also killed, besides about 100,000 of the private soldiers, among them being more than 10,000 cavalry.
The Persian king fled because he feared for his life; therefore the Macedonians won the battle.

## Successor

Mazaces was probably the successor of Sabaces in Egypt, but because Sabaces had taken with him nearly all occupying forces, Mazaces was not able to organize military resistance against the Macedonians. Therefore, Alexander the Great was able to take Egypt without fighting (332 BC).
# Wanhua (disambiguation)

Wanhua (simplified Chinese: 万华; traditional Chinese: 萬華) may refer to:
* Wanhua District, Taipei, Taiwan
* Wanhua Group (disambiguation), several (former) closely related companies.
** Wanhua Chemical Group, the 37th largest chemical companies of the world, sometimes known as just Wanhua
# Matthew Meschery

Matthew Thomas Meschery a.k.a. Shakey Lo the Creation Kid (born April 12, 1975) is a vocalist and programmer. He is best known for being the original lead vocalist of the California based band OPM. His father is former basketball player Tom Meschery.

## Early career

Before becoming involved in music, Meschery was a substitute teacher in Oakland, California. He then became a teacher at a school for "at-risk" children (both in and out of the juvenile justice system) in Santa Cruz, California. Then in 1999 he became one of the founders of OPM, along with then brother-in-law John E. Necro and his friend Casper a.k.a. Geoff Turney. He became a songwriter as well as lead vocalist during his time with the band. He co-wrote the band's best known song "Heaven Is a Halfpipe" from the album Menace to Sobriety. He featured on an episode of Never Mind the Buzzcocks on September 10, 2001.

## Departure

In early 2002 after the Menace to Sobriety tour Matthew Meschery decided to leave the band. John E. Necro stated "that was the biggest blow of anyone" and "I don't think Matthew thought it through. It seemed like a really good idea when we got started, but it was more than he bargained for." during an interview in 2009. In the October 2015 edition of Rock Sound magazine, Meschery revealed he would "often get stage fright" when performing live and "The idea of touring another record for two years felt pretty daunting. I was done." Matthew then started working at KQED-FM shortly after leaving. Matthew along with Etienne Franc and Gary Dean then formed a band by the name of "The Free Agency" in 2003 after they all departed OPM. As of 2007, Meschery had been working for ITVS. He is currently in a new band called "Brand New Heartache" alongside former OPM bassist Etienne Franc.
# Tuyasy

Tuyasy (Russian: Туясы) is a rural locality (a village) in Beryozovsky District, Perm Krai, Russia. The population was 171 as of 2010. There are 3 streets.

## Geography

Tuyasy is located 19 km northeast of Beryozovka (the district's administrative centre) by road. Puzdrino is the nearest rural locality.
# Tazeh Kand-e Madan

Tazeh Kand-e Madan (Persian: تازه كندمعدن, also Romanized as Tāzeh Kand-e Ma‘dan) is a village in Gorgin Rural District, Korani District, Bijar County, Kurdistan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 107, in 19 families. The village is populated by Azerbaijanis.
# Steve Katsos

Steve Katsos is an American TV personality and host of The Steve Katsos Show, a television show based out of Arlington, Massachusetts. The show has earned national recognition, including winning the Hometown Video Award from the Alliance for Community Media.
The show was started as volunteers helping struggling artists and as of 2011, airs in over 13 million homes weekly in the US and Europe, aired on several stations worldwide such as WBIN-TV, in the U.K. and Ireland on My Channel, My TV, ACMi.
Guests of the Steve Katsos Show have ranged from budding local musicians such as Will Dailey & The Rivals, The Luxury and The Self-Proclaimed Rockstars, artists and comedians such as Lenny Clarke, Jimmy Tingle and Mike Koutrobis to established celebrities and personalities such as Candy O'Terry, Joe Wong, Rick Dumont, Dave Zeltserman, Governor Michael Dukakis and even sitting governor Deval Patrick, and many others.
Katsos regularly puts on benefit shows for charitable causes such as The Jimmy Fund and Autism Speaks.
# Under the Same Roof

Under the Same Roof (Spanish: Bajo el mismo techo) is a 2019 Spanish comedy film directed by Juana Macías and starring Silvia Abril and Jordi Sánchez. It is produced by Feelgood Media and Lanube Películas, and distributed by Sony Pictures Internacional Productions.

## Plot

Adrián and Nadia, an unhappy married couple, after divorcing are forced to live together because they cannot find a buyer for their house and they do not have enough money to go live elsewhere.

## Cast

* Darko Peric as Chiquitin
* Álvaro Cervantes as Nacho
* Ana Morgade as Directora del Banco
* Cristina Castaño as Arancha
* Sílvia Abril as Nadia
* Sergio Torrico as Jefe de Bomberos
* Malena Alterio as Lucia
* Jordi Sánchez as Adrian
* Dani Guzman as Dani
* Jordi Aguilar as Cliente Concesionario
* María Alfonsa Rosso as Carmina
* Álex de Lucas as Mensajero Tarta
* Cristina Alarcón as Lorena-Vendedora
* Manuel Gancedo as Señor Comprador
* Dani Nieto as Hijo de Alex
* Yaël Belicha as Manuela-Vendedora
* César Camino as Camarero Restaurante Lujo
* Nancy Yao as Traductora
* Dulceida as Camarera Restaurante Mejicano
* Almar G. Sato as Susan Wong
* Mauricio Morales as Monitor de Puenting
* Fabia Castro as Chica Airbnb
* Gonzalo Villamizar as Niño Latino
* Mike Lee as Jefazo Americano 2
* Cristina Serrato as Clienta sexshop 2
* Kao Chenmin as Mister Zhang
* Chacón Clara as Marina
* Bea de la Cruz as Comercial AIRBNB 2
* Patricia Córdoba as Secretaria Nacho
* Carlos Wu as Chino tienda comestibles
* Víctor Martinez as Andreas
* Filipa Ribeiro as Dependienta
* Paul Brennan as Jefazo Americano 1
* Yohana Yara as Gladys
* Oscar Reyes as Walter
* Cindy Fuentes as Esteticienne
* Gabriela Santos as Niña Latina
# Maly Dubovsky

Maly Dubovsky (Russian: Малый Дубовский) is a rural locality (a khutor) in Deminskoye Rural Settlement, Novoanninsky District, Volgograd Oblast, Russia. The population was 33 as of 2010.

## Geography

Maly Dubovsky is located in steppe on the Khopyorsko-Buzulukskaya Plain, 45 km northwest of Novoanninsky (the district's administrative centre) by road. Deminsky is the nearest rural locality.
# Medal for Defence Operations Abroad

The Medal for Defence Operations Abroad (Norwegian: Forsvarets operasjonsmedalje) is a military medal of Norway. Established 1 April 2005, the medal currently recognises 30 days of service abroad in a designated operational area with the Norwegian Armed Forces. Participation as part of an international military staff is also creditable, so long as the service is in the area of operations.

## Criteria

Upon its establishment on 1 April 2005, the Medal for Defence Operations Abroad was awarded for 90 days service in an overseas military operation as designated by the Chief of Defence. After 1 April 2011, personnel are eligible for award of the medal after 30 days of service, instead of the previous 90 days. This change in length of required service had no retroactive effect on eligibility for the Medal for Defence Operations Abroad.
Personnel typically serve with a Norwegian Armed Forces unit to be eligible for this medal. Norwegian personnel who serve on a multinational staff, as part of the operation, are also eligible as long as the service was performed in the area of operations. Personnel who are wounded without completing the specified length of service may be awarded the medal. Foreign personnel who serve with Norwegian units are also eligible for award of the Medal for Defence Operations Abroad.

## Appearance

The Medal for Defence Operations Abroad is round made of a bronze colored metal with a matte finish. The obverse of the medal bears the Coat of Arms of Norway superimposed over a sword. On either side of the sword's hilt are the words SEMPER PARATUS (Always prepared). The reverse depicts an 8-point compass rose. This design is used for all versions of the medal, with the suspension and service ribbons varying for service in different countries and operations. Roman numerals are attached to the ribbon to indicate multiple awards of the same medal.

## Ribbons

The ribbons of the medal are typically representative of the country where service was performed. The edges of each ribbon are the same, with the colors taken from the Flag of Norway. The colors in the center often come from the colors in the flags of the countries where operations took place. When more than one medal representing service in multiple areas is worn, the medals and ribbons are worn by date of Norway's military involvement in the operation.
* Medal for Defence Operations Abroad - Bosnia-Herzegovina
* Medal for Defence Operations Abroad - Kosovo-Serbia-Montenegro
* Medal for Defence Operations Abroad - Afghanistan
* Medal for Defence Operations Abroad - Operation Active Endeavour
* Medal for Defence Operations Abroad - Iraq
* Medal for Defence Operations Abroad - Operation Baltic Accession
* Medal for Defence Operations Abroad - Sudan
* Medal for Defence Operations Abroad - Lebanon
* Medal for Defence Operations Abroad - Chad
* Medal for Defence Operations Abroad - Somalia
* Medal for Defence Operations Abroad - Libya
* Medal for Defence Operations Abroad - Syria
* Medal for Defence Operations Abroad - Mali
* Medal for Defence Operation Abroad - Operation Sea Guardian/Mediterranean Sea
# Tidö Castle

Tidö Castle (Swedish: Tidö slott) is a castle located 17 km (11 mi) south of Västerås in Västmanland, Sweden.

## History
### The former castle

The first building on the site was a medieval house built by the Gren family in the fifteenth century. In 1537, the Gren family sold the castle to the Queen Consort, Margaret Leijonhufvud (1516–1551). In 1540, her husband, King Gustav Vasa, traded the castle to Ekolsund Castle and Tidö came to the Tott family. Today, minor ruins of the former house can be found next to the present building.

### The present castle

The present castle at Tidö was built by the influential statesman and Lord High Chancellor Axel Oxenstierna in 1625–1645. The castle was built around a rectangular courtyard with the main building to the north and the three linked wings to the east, west and south. The main entrance is through a vault in the south wing.
In 1889, the von Schinkel family bought Tidö and they still own it today. Tidö is one of Sweden's best preserved Baroque palaces, in the Dutch Renaissance style. In 1974, the toy collector Carl-David von Schinkel opened a toy museum at Tidö, with a large collection of historical toys, including toys formerly owned by the royal family. After a merger with the Seriemuseet collection in 2010, when the museum was moved out of the castle to the adjacent stables, the museum operated as Tidö leksaks- och seriemuseum. The entire collection moved to Stockholm in 2017 and today forms the core of the museum Bergrummet – Tidö collection of toys and comics on Skeppsholmen in Stockholm.
Following the 2022 Swedish general election the leaders of the 4 right wing parties, Ebba Busch from the Christian Democrats, Johan Pehrson from the Liberals, Ulf Kristersson from the Moderate Party, and Jimmie Åkesson from the Sweden Democrats gathered at the castle to negotiate the Tidö Agreement. This agreement allowed Moderate Party leader Ulf Kristersson to form a center right government with the Christian Democrats and Liberals, supported by the Sweden Democrats.