OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Dog Years (novel)

Dog Years (German: Hundejahre) is a novel by Günter Grass. It was first published in Germany in 1963. Its English translation, by Ralph Manheim, was first published in 1965. It is the third and last volume of his Danzig Trilogy, the other two being The Tin Drum and Cat and Mouse. The novel consists of three different chronological parts, from the 1920s to the 1950s. The main characters are Walter Matern and Eduard Amsel.

## Plot

Walter Matern and Eduard Amsel are friends. Eduard is half Jewish and at the young age of five is a genius at making scarecrows. The narrator in Book One, the mine owner Brauxel, tells of the friendship of Walter and Eduard when they are children in the Vistula estuary, which is a German-Polish borderland (the interwar Free City of Danzig) peopled by Mennonites, Catholics and Protestants. Eduard keeps a diary which he fills with drawings of ideas for scarecrows. The history of this country is told with cruel images of horror and violence from that past that echoes into the present, which becomes Hitler's Germany.
The story in the second part of the book is narrated by Harry Liebenau, and consists of letters from him addressed to his cousin Tulla. This part of the story occurs during the war period, when Amsel collects vast numbers of S.A. uniforms, and dresses his scarecrows in them. He also persuades his childhood friend Walter to become a member of the S.A., in order to help him obtain the uniforms. But since the confusion in this country has reached its maximum at this point in time, it is inevitable that the two friends end up on a collision course. At one point Walter denounces Amsel as a Jew, hits him in the face and knocks out all of his teeth.
The last part of the novel is narrated by Walter and takes place after he has found his new friend Prinz. They leave on a journey in the postwar West Germany, where they systematically attack former Nazis who are now posing as respectable officials throughout the country.

## Discussion

Grass's style frequently parodies Martin Heidegger's arcane philosophical syntax in Being and Time, which one of the teenage protagonists likes to poke fun at. The years from the prewar to the postwar era are presented in Dog Years through the perspective of three different narrators, a team directed by Amsel — alias Brauxel — who makes scarecrows in man's image. The seemingly solid childhood friendship of Amsel and Matern evolves into the love-hate relationship between Jew and non-Jew under the impact of Nazi ideology. When the former friends from the region of the Vistula Delta finally meet again in the West, the ominous Alsatian dog (German Shepherd) that followed Matern on his odyssey is left behind in Brauxel's subterranean world of scarecrows. While Dog Years, like The Tin Drum, again accounts for the past through the eyes of an artist, the artist is no longer a demonic tin-drummer in the guise of a child but the ingenious maker of a world of objects reflecting the break between the creations of nature and those of men. The narrator refers to Amsel's "keen sense of reality in all its innumerable forms."
# Y. Ramavaram mandal

Yarlagadda Ramavaram, commonly known as Y. Ramavaram, is one of the 22 mandals in Alluri Sitharama Raju district of Andhra Pradesh. As per census 2011, there are 137 villages in this mandal.

## Demographics

Yarlagadda Ramavaram mandal has total population of 28,614 as per the census 2011 out of which 13,757 are males while 14,857 are females. The average sex ratio of Yarlagadda Ramavaram mandal is 1080. The total literacy rate of the mandal is 44%.

## Villages

List of villages in Yarlagadda Ramavaram mandal.
* Adupulametta
* Allurigedda
* Ammapeta
* Annampalem
* Antilova
* Babbilova
* Bachaluru
* Bandigedda
* Bheemudugadda
* Boddagondi
* Boddagunta
* Boddapalle
* Boddumamidi
* Bullojupalem
* Buradakota
* Buradavalasa
* Buruguwada
* Busikota
* Chamagedda
* Chanaganuru
* Chaparai
* Chavitidibbalu
* Chendurthi
* Chilakaveedhilanka
* Chinavulempadu
* Chinta Koyya
* Chinthakarrapalem
* Chinthalapudi
* D Mamidivada
* Dabbamamidi
* Dadalikavada
* Dalipadu
* Daragedda
* Daralova
* Devaramadugula
* Donarai
* Donkarai
* Doragondi
* Dorawada
* Dubela
* Dumpavalasa
* Edlakonda
* G Vattigedda
* Gandempalle
* Ganganuru
* Gannavaram
* Gellavada
* Gobbilapanukulu
* Godugurayi
* Gondikota
* Goppulathotamamidi
* Goramanda
* Gummarapalem
* Gurtedu
* Irlavada
* Jajigedda
* Jajivalasa
* Jalagalova
* Jangalathota
* K Yerragonda
* Kadarikota
* Kakkonda
* Kallepugonda
* Kanatalabanda
* Kanivada
* Kappalabanda
* Karnikota
* Kathirala
* Kokitagondi
* Komaravaram
* Koppulakota
* Koramatigondi
* Kota
* Kotabandichippalamamidi
* Kothakota
* Kothapakalu
* Kunkumamidi
* Lingavaram
* Mangampadu
* Marriguda
* Mulasalapalem
* Munagalapudi
* Muvvalavada
* Nagalova
* Nakkalapadu
* Nakkarathipalem
* Neelapalem
* Nellikota
* Nulakamamidi
* Nuvvugantipalem
* P Yerragonda
* Paidiputta
* Palagondi
* Panasalapalem
* Panasalova
* Panchadaralanka
* Pasaruginne
* Pathakota
* Pedavulempadu
* Perikivalasa
* Polamanugondi
* Poolova
* Pulimetala
* Pulusumamidi
* Putikunta
* Puttagandi
* Puttapalle
* Rachapalem
* Rakota
* Ramulakonda
* Ratsavalasa
* Ravvagadda
* Regadipalem
* Revadikota
* Sesharai
* Simhadripalem
* Singanakota
* Singavaram
* Sirimetla
* Thadikota
* Thangedukota
* Totakurapalem
* Tulusuru
* Tumikelapadu
* Vadisalova
* Vanamamidigondi
* Vattigedda
* Vedullapalle
* Veerampalem
* Vejuvada
* Villarti
* Vootlabanda
* Y Ramavaram
* Yarlagadda
* Yerragoppula
* Yerramreddipalem
# Max Landa

Max Landa (Belarusian: Макс Ландаў; 24 April 1873 – 8 November 1933; born Max Landau) was a Russian-born Austrian silent film and stage actor.

## Career

Landa attended the Handelsakademie (commercial academy) in Vienna and took classes with acting teacher Karl Arnau [de] in the same city. After working as a bank clerk for a short period, he decided to focus on his acting career in 1893. After working at various theatres in Austria and Germany for about twenty years he was discovered in Berlin as leading man by movie star Asta Nielsen with whom he played in several movies directed by Urban Gad.
When Joe May founded his own film production company in 1915 he formed a contract with Max Landa who became the first of a number of actors to play the role of the fictional British detective Joe Deebs, created as a rival to Sherlock Holmes during the silent era. The Jewish Landa and his wife Margot Walter fled Germany following the Nazi seizure of power in 1933, and he committed suicide in exile in Yugoslavia.

## Selected filmography

* The Man in the Cellar (1914)
* Die geheimnisvolle Villa (1914)
* Cinderella (1916)
* The Onyx Head (1917)
* Midnight (1918)
* Europe, General Delivery (1918)
* The Devil (1918)
* The Apache of Marseilles (1919)
* The Japanese Woman (1919)
* The Secret of the American Docks (1919)
* The Mask (1919)
* The Derby (1919)
* The Spies (1919)
* World by the Throat (1920)
* The Bandits of Asnières (1920)
* Moriturus (1920)
* The Chameleon (1920)
* The Grand Babylon Hotel (1920)
* Roswolsky's Mistress (1921)
* The Experiment of Professor Mithrany (1921)
* The Passenger in Compartment Seven (1922)
* Flight Around the World (1925)
* The Woman without Money (1925)
* Trude (1926)
* Marriage Announcement (1926)
* Why Get a Divorce? (1926)
* Light-Hearted Isabel (1927)
* Anastasia, the False Czar's Daughter (1928)
* The Hangman (1928)
* Endangered Girls (1928)
# Kaizokuban Bootleg Film

Kaizokuban Bootleg Film (Japanese: 海賊版) is a 1999 Japanese drama film directed by Masahiro Kobayashi. It was screened in the Un Certain Regard section at the 1999 Cannes Film Festival.

## Cast

* Akira Emoto - Tatsuo
* Kippei Shiina - Seiji
* Maika - Junko
* Wakaba Nakano - Reiko
* Kazue Takani - Akiko
* Tamaki - Ayako
* Kazuki Kitamura - Yoji
# Yunost Stadium (Mazyr)

Youth Stadium (Belarusian: Юнацтва, romanized: Yunatstva, Russian: Юность, romanized: Yunost), also Junactva Stadium, is a multi-purpose stadium in Mazyr, Belarus. It is currently used mostly for football matches and is the home ground of FC Slaviya Mazyr. The stadium was opened in 1992 and currently holds 5,133 people.
52°2′20″N 29°16′37.5″E﻿ / ﻿52.03889°N 29.277083°E﻿ / 52.03889; 29.277083
# Tirshab

Tirshab (Persian: تيرشاب, also Romanized as Tīrshāb; also known as Tīr Shahāb) is a village in Howmeh Rural District, in the Central District of Sarab County, East Azerbaijan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 99, in 20 families.
# People's Municipal Assembly

The People's Municipal Assembly (PMA; Arabic: المجلس الشعبي البلدي, romanized: al-Maǧlis aš-Šaʿbī al-Baladī), is the political body governing the municipalities of Algeria. It is composed of an assembly (municipal council) elected on universal suffrage for five years. This assembly further elects a president, the president of the People's Municipal Assembly, which is the Algerian equivalent of a mayor. The last votes for the PMAs and the PPAs were on November 27, 2021. The building where this assembly is located is also called People's Municipal Assembly.
* This legislature-related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
* This article about government in Algeria is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
# Muni (restaurant)

Muni (Korean: 무니; Japanese: 無二, lit. 'no two alike') is a fine dining restaurant in Seoul, South Korea. It specializes in Japanese cuisine, specifically kaiseki (multi-course meals). It first opened in 2018. It received one Michelin Star from 2021 through 2024.
Its head chef is Kim Dong-wook. Kim fell in love with Japanese cuisine in high school, after reading the Japanese manga Shōta no Sushi. He graduated from the Hattori Nutrition College. He began working in the kaiseki restaurant Kikunoi, under owner-chef Yoshihiro Murata. He also studied to become a sake sommelier: a kikizakeshi.
According to a 2021 article, the restaurant reportedly attempts to emphasize seasonality of ingredients. The menu reportedly changes every month, and there is no fixed signature dish. The restaurant serves an array of dishes from Japanese cuisine.
# Kanem (department)

Kanem (Arabic: كانم) is one of three departments which make up the region of Kanem in Chad. The capital is Mao.
The department is divided into 4 sub-prefectures:
* Kekedina
* Mao
* Melea
* Wadjigui
# Dirk Klingenberg

Dirk Klingenberg (born 23 July 1969 in Duisburg) is a former professional water polo player from Germany.

## Sports career

Klingenberg is counted as the best water polo player in Germany in the 1990s. He began his career in 1980 in Duisburg and started playing for the ASC Duisburg. A year later he moved to the Duisburger SV 98. After 10 years he left his hometown in 1991 and moved to Berlin, where he played for the Wasserfreunde Spandau 04. He won 17 national titles during his time in Berlin. He also became the top-scorer of the water polo Bundesliga twice. As a member of team Germany he competed in 190 international games. He was able to achieve his goal to participate in the Olympic Games in 1996. He was team speaker of the water polo national team in 1998, and was selected for the World-All-Star-Team in 1999. Because of personal and job-related reasons, Klingenberg began to slowly end his career in Düsseldorf, where he led the Düsseldorfer SC in the first league in 1999/2000.

## Achievements
### Achievements with Wasserfreunde Spandau

* German Champions: 1992, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999
* German Cup: 1992, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1999
* German Super Cup: 1997

### Achievements with the national team

* European Junior Championship: 3rd place (1985)
* Junior World Cup: 3rd place (1989)
* European Championship: 7th place (1991), 9th place (1993), 3rd place (1995)
* Good-Will-Games: 2nd place
* World Cup: 9th place (1994)
* Olympic games: 9th place (1996)

## Occupational career

Besides his activities as a competitive sportsman, Klingenberg always focused on his occupational career. From 1999 to 2008 he worked in sports marketing as the head of marketing communications and sporting events of the Deutsche Telekom AG. He founded his own agency Klingenberg Sportconsulting GmbH in 2009, and worked from then on as an independent consultant. The main fields of activity are strategic consulting, conception and planning for companies and brands, as well as creative event and project management.
He also works as a lecturer at a media-university in Cologne, and as a consultant of the water polo Team Germany. Since March 2014, the Berlin agency group Exit-Network Holding has held a stake in the Cologne-based sports marketing agency Klingenberg Sportconsulting GmbH. At the same time Dirk Klingenberg moves into the management of the subsidiary Exit-Media GmbH. After four years the contract has been terminated by mutual agreement and Dirk Klingenberg has left Exit-Sports GmbH as a partner. Since February 2018 Klingenberg has been working as an independent consultant for sponsoring and sponsorship for various clients.

## Personal life

Dirk Klingenberg was married to Kerstin Klingenberg. After his divorce in 2015, he moved his professional and personal focus to Berlin. His two children Zoe and Mira Klingenberg continue to live in Cologne.
# Tamil Nadu House

Tamil Nadu House (Tamil: தமிழ்நாடு இல்லம்) is the Guest House of the Government of Tamil Nadu in New Delhi. Tamil Nadu House has 2 premises: Vaigai-Tamil Nadu House and Podhigai-Tamil Nadu House. It has Business Centre, Fitness Centre, Auditorium in its premises. Vaigai Tamil Nadu House has 49 rooms and Podhigai Tamil Nadu House has 73 rooms.
The First one Vaigai-Tamil Nadu House was built in the year 1962. It was originally called ‘Madras House’. It is located at No.6 Kautilya Marg, Chanakyapuri. It is located on a plot of land about 1.757 acres. The nearby buildings are Gujrat Bhavan, Arunachal Bhavan.
The Second one Podhigai-Tamil Nadu House is at No.9 Tikendrajit Marg, Chanakyapuri. It was inaugurated on 16 September 2004. It is located on a plot of land about 1.966 acres. The nearby buildings are Uttarakhand Sadan, NEC House, Tripura Bhavan.
The Resident Commissioners represent the Government of Tamil Nadu in New Delhi. And the Resident Commissioners administrates the Tamil Nadu House.
# Lin Jiqing

Lin Jiqing (Chinese: 林济青; pinyin: Lín Jìqīng, English: Theodore Linn) was a Chinese educator. He was the acting president of Shandong University in Qingdao from July 1936 to 1946. This was during the Second Sino-Japanese War. During this time, Lin oversaw a tumultuous period as president of Shandong University as it moved from Qingdao to Anqing and then to Wanxian in 1938.
Prior to this, Lin was the Dean of the Faculty of Arts and Sciences of Qilu University from around 1930 until 1936, when he was succeeded by Lin Mou. During this time, Lin, through the Harvard-Yenching Institute and in partnership with Dr. Henry Luce, established the Qida Institute of Chinese Studies. Lin attended Lehigh University in Bethlehem, Pennsylvania, receiving a mining engineering degree in 1918 and Columbia University in New York City. During the Xinhai Revolution in 1911, Lin led students to rescue the wounded at a church hospital, and became a revolutionary hero.
During his time at Qilu University and Shandong University, Lin was a close associate and colleague of the writer Lao She, first meeting him in July 1930. during which time Lin was the Dean of the School of Arts and Sciences of Qilu University After leaving his post as president of Shandong University, Lin Jiqing became the director of the Xikang Gold Mine Bureau and then the Southwest Mercury Bureau.
Lin Jiqing was born into the Laiyang Wang clan, a capitalist and Christian family of stature in China. His surname is Yi, and his mother changed his surname to Lin. His grandfather, Lin Qingshan, was one of the earliest Christians in Shandong and the first elder of Dengzhou Church. Lin's brother Yi Zhenqing, a notable pastor and professor at Qidaqian Theological Seminary, was the director of Qilu University. Lin's nephew Yi Fuen was an important pilot and lieutenant general of the national army, serving as a personal assistant to Chiang Kai-Shek. Yi Fuen formed China Airlines, led the Asia Chemical Corporation, and founded the nonprofit Li-Ching Cultural and Educational Foundation. Lin's father, Ming Shu Fan, was also an educator. One of his daughters, Lin Zhanghao, became a professor at Southwest Petroleum Institute.
# Chehgush

Chehgush (Persian: چه گوش, also Romanized as Chehgūsh; also known as Cheqūsh) is a village in Razliq Rural District, in the Central District of Sarab County, East Azerbaijan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 1,543, in 366 families.
# Ciṟupāṇāṟṟuppaṭai

Ciṟupāṇāṟṟuppaṭai (Tamil: சிறுபாணாற்றுப்படை, lit. "guide for bards with the small lute") is an ancient Tamil poem, likely the last composed in the Pattuppattu anthology of the Sangam literature. It contains 296 lines in the akaval meter. It is one of five arruppatai genre poems and was a guide to other bards seeking a patron for their art. The main hero honored in the poem is Nalliyakkotan, but the poem reverentially mentions an additional seven minor chieftains and three kings. The poem is dated to sometime between the late 3rd century CE and 5th century CE by Kamil Zvelebil – a Tamil literature scholar.
The Ciṟupāṇāṟṟuppaṭai poem, also referred to as Sirupanattrupadai, is named after sirupanar – a class of minstrels who sang their bards while playing a small yal (yazh, lute). The poem's subject is a band of bards and their womenfolk who meet the author, and he guides them in the form of this poem. The guidance mentions a series of cities and villages the troupe must pass through on their journey to the Nalliyakkotan's palace. In this list are included Maturai – the capital of Pandyas, Uranthai – the capital of Cholas, and Vanci – the capital of Cheras. Other coastal and inland towns are also mentioned, including Eyilpattinam and Velur.

## Content

The relatively short poem is a condensed guide and source of information about society and culture of several ancient kingdoms and different rulers. The poem's vivid description of a bard's poverty before he found a patron is "rather powerful", states Zvelebil:
   In the ruined kitchen lay the barking bitch That whelped of late with bent cared brood too young To open their eyes, that suck not the milkless teats Upon the earth piled up by ants that swarm On the walls, on which the roof had fallen down, Sprout mushrooms hollow. There that day the wife Of the drummer with a lean and slender waist And bangled wrists whom cruel hunger gnawed Did saltless cook the herb her sharp nails plucked From refuse heaps, and made a meal of it With poor relations, having closed the door Ashamed to be so seen by prying folk Such poverty was then by him removed
Similarly striking is the poet's detailed painting of a woman's body with words in lines 14–40, with antati phrases some of which are also found in earlier Sangam poems.
This poem uses "the sun being orbited by planets" as an analogy in the lines below displaying the heliocentric understanding of the planetary system by Tamil people circa. 3rd century CE.
   Figuring what you like, he will serve you unlimited quantities of desired foods with hospitality, in golden bowls that shine in a way that disrespects the blazing, tender-rayed sun surrounded by planets, in the shining, bright sky.
The poem mentions a treatise on food named after Bhima, one of the Pandava brothers in the epic Mahabharata. The description that follows includes both vegetarian and non-vegetarian food. Brahmin villages are mentioned, as is the worship of Murugan. The Sirupanattrupadai deploys a garland of similes, a Tamil poetic technique called malaiyuvamai. The poem is an important guide to ancient music traditions among Tamil people, states Venkata Subramanyam.
# Gabriele Janke

Gabriele Janke (born 23 February 1956) is a German fencer. She competed in the women's individual and team foil events for East Germany at the 1980 Summer Olympics.
# Dizaj-e Mir Homay

Dizaj-e Mir Homay (Persian: ديزج ميرهماي, also Romanized as Dīzaj-e Mīr Homāy; also known as Homāyābād and Homāy) is a village in Razliq Rural District, in the Central District of Sarab County, East Azerbaijan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 15, in 5 families.
# Zhanna Shapialevich

Zhanna Henadziyeuna Shapialevich (née Shitsik) (Belarusian: Жанна Генадзеўна Шыцік-Шапялевіч; born February 26, 1971, in Hrodna) is a Belarusian sport shooter. Shapialevich made her official debut for the 1996 Summer Olympics in Atlanta, Georgia, where she placed fourteenth in the women's 25 m pistol, accumulating a score of 577 points.
Twelve years after competing in her last Olympics, Shapialevich qualified for her second Belarusian team, as a 37-year-old, at the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing, by finishing eighth in the sport pistol from the 2006 ISSF World Shooting Championships in Zagreb, Croatia. She placed forty-second out of forty-four shooters in the women's 10 m air pistol by one point ahead of Uruguay's Carolina Lozado, with a total score of 368 targets. Three days later, Shapialevich competed for her second event, 25 m pistol, where she was able to shoot 287 targets in the precision stage, and 282 in the rapid fire, for a total score of 569 points, finishing only in thirty-eighth place.
# Outron

An outron is a nucleotide sequence at the 5' end of the primary transcript of a gene that is removed by a special form of RNA splicing during maturation of the final RNA product. Whereas intron sequences are located inside the gene, outron sequences lie outside the gene.

## Characteristics

The outron is an intron-like sequence possessing similar characteristics such as the G+C content and a splice acceptor site that is the signal for trans-splicing. Such a trans-splice site is essentially defined as an acceptor (3') splice site without an upstream donor (5') splice site.
In eukaryotes such as euglenozoans, dinoflagellates, sponges, nematodes, cnidarians, ctenophores, flatworms, crustaceans, chaetognaths, rotifers, and tunicates, the length of spliced leader (SL) outrons range from 30 to 102 nucleotides (nt), with the SL exon length ranging from 16 to 51 nt, and the full SL RNA length ranging from 46 to 141 nt.

## Processing

In standard cis-splicing, the donor splice site in upstream position is required together with an acceptor site located on downstream position on the same pre-RNA molecule. By contrast, the SL trans-splicing relies on a 3' acceptor splice site on the outron, and a 5' donor splice site (GU dinucleotide) located on a separate RNA molecule, the SL RNA. Moreover, the outron of the premature mRNA contains a branchpoint adenosine — followed by a downstream polypyrimidine tract — which interacts with the intron-like portion of the SL RNA to form a 'Y' branched byproduct, reminiscent of the lasso structure formed during intron splicing. Nuclear machinery then resolves this 'Y' branching structure by trans-splicing the SL RNA sequence to the 3′ trans-splice acceptor site (AG dinucleotide) of the pre-mRNA.
When outrons are processed, the SL exon is trans-spliced to distinct, unpaired, downstream acceptor sites adjacent to each open reading frame of the polycistronic pre-mRNA, leading to distinct mature capped transcripts.
# Mir Kuh-e Vosta

Mir Kuh-e Vosta (Persian: ميركوه وسطي, also Romanized as Mīr Kūh-e Vosţá and Mīrkūh-e Vosţá; also known as Mīr Kūh and Mīr Kūh-e ‘Alīmīrzā) is a village in Razliq Rural District, in the Central District of Sarab County, East Azerbaijan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 122, in 26 families.
# Qaleh Juq, Sarab

Qaleh Juq (Persian: قلعه جوق) is a village in Razliq Rural District of the Central District of Sarab County, East Azerbaijan province, Iran.

## Demographics
### Population

At the time of the 2006 National Census, the village's population was 2,185 in 568 households. The following census in 2011 counted 2,205 people in 658 households. The 2016 census measured the population of the village as 2,129 people in 664 households. It was the most populous village in its rural district.