OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Kuibyshevskyi District, Donetsk

Kuibyshevskyi District (Ukrainian: Куйбишевський район, Russian: Куйбышевский район) is an urban district of the city of Donetsk, Ukraine, named after a Soviet political figure Valerian Kuybyshev.
It was created in 1937 as one of the first six original city districts. It is located at the northwestern part of the city.

## Residential neighborhoods
### Multi-storey developments

* Mahistralnyi
* Industrialnyi
* Azotnyi
* Zhylkop
* Karier
* Hirnyk
* Flora
* Zhovtneve
* Topaz
* Ploshcha Bakynskykh Komisariv

### Settlements

* Smolyanka
* Zhovtneve
* Khimik
* Chervonyi Pakhar
* Hrabary
* Lozivske
* Administratyvnyi
* Hirnyk

## Industry

* Mines
** Zhovtnevyi Rudnyk coal mine (part of the Donetsk Coal Power Company), flooded by militants of the Donetsk People's Republic
** Kuibyshevska mine (part of the production association Donetskvuhillya), closed down
** Maksim Gorky mine (part of the production association Donetskvuhillya)
** Panfilovska mine (under the Mine Liquidation Administration), closed down
* Donetsk Coke-Production Factory, closed down
* Donbas Cable
* Topaz Factory, a military production factory with a design bureau of radio-technical instruments (among its products is Kolchuga passive sensor) in 2016 relocated to Russia by militants of the Donetsk People's Republic
* Donetsk Factory of chemical agents
* Donetsk Factory of chemical products

## Places

* Topaz Factory
* Greek Catholic Church, 2009
* Church of Christ the Savior
* Temple of St.Ignatius (Ukrainian Orthodox Church (MP)), 2008
* St.Vladimir Church, 2009
* Sports Complex Olimp

## Notable people

* Akhat Bragin
# Abteilung III b

Abteilung III b was the domestic counterintelligence branch of the Imperial German Army from 1889 until the end of the First World War. Initially created as a section in the Prussian General Staff in 1889 and named Sektion III b, it was upgraded to a department and renamed Abteilung III b in June 1915.

## History

The initial responsibilities of Sektion III b consisted of foreign espionage and counterintelligence. Its counter-espionage efforts focused on France and Russia while the Imperial German Navy was responsible for intelligence in the United Kingdom. During the First World War, III b acquired additional roles in media censorship and propaganda.
In 1917 Abteilung III b gained authorization to operate domestic counterintelligence (German: Inlandsaufklärung). The secret activities of III b developed under the head of Abteilung III b, Colonel Walter Nicolai (in office: 1913–1918), as war made the need for counter-espionage more pressing. Never before had a German intelligence group held such influence in the German Reich.
When the war began, the network of agents in enemy countries quickly evaporated as belligerent nations arrested the agents. The Secret Service could not provide information about enemy intentions and operational-deployment plans. At the General Staff, within the News Department, the 'enemy editor' grew more suspicious of information delivered as facts, as the intelligence service's reports often proved to be false. In the assessment of the enemy situation, there was one mishap after another. The fundamental error lay in the separation of news gathering and analysis.
As the war progressed, Abteilung III b increasingly established itself as a counterintelligence and ultra-nationalist propaganda organization. The Far-Left press often referred to Colonel Nicolai, the head of the Abteilung, as the "father of lies", among many other things.
In addition, Abteilung III b also expanded as the agents of the intelligence arm of the Imperial German Navy under diplomatic cover in the German Foreign Office were exposed in Mexico, Argentina, and the United States.
At the end of the war, the division was disbanded.

## Outline

During the First World War, the division was significantly upgraded and divided into press, propaganda, intelligence and defense:
# Bullata guerrinii

Bullata guerrinii is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Marginellidae, the margin snails.

## Description

The size of the shell varies between 20 mm and 37 mm. The shell shows distinct cream spots against a caramel or dark brown background. There are faint upward spiraling bands on the shell. The lip has a moderate thickness. The long aperture is about as broad as the thickness of the lip.

## Distribution

This species occurs in the Atlantic Ocean off Eastern Brazil.
# Safra, Lebanon

Safra (Arabic: صفرا) is a Mediterranean Lebanese village, located at the middle of the Lebanese coast. Its morphology is rich with natural valleys. Safra is known by its strategic location, old houses and beach resorts. It has a municipality in the Keserwan District of the Keserwan-Jbeil Governorate in Lebanon. It is located 29 kilometers north of Beirut. The village has a land area of 306 hectares. Safra is perched on a curve on a rocky butte overlooking the Mediterranean Sea, standing at an average elevation of 150 meters above sea level,
The inhabitants are predominantly Maronite Catholics.
Hawa Chicken, Lebanon's largest poultry production and distribution company, is based in Safra.
# Nunavut Court of Appeal

The Nunavut Court of Appeal (NUCA; Inuktitut: ᓄᓇᕘᒥ ᐅᓐᓂᓗᖅᓴᖅᑐᓄᑦ ᐃᖅᑲᖅᑐᐃᕕᒃ, romanized: Nunavuumi Unniluqsaqtunut Iqkaqtuivik, Inuinnaqtun: Nunavunmi Apiqhuidjutainut Uuktuffaarutit, French: Cour d'appel du Nunavut) is the highest appellate court in the Canadian territory of Nunavut.
Its positions consist of ex officio justices from the Nunavut Court of Justice, the territorial courts of Yukon and the Northwest Territories, and the Court of Appeal of Alberta. The Chief Justice of Alberta, currently Ritu Khullar, also serves as the Chief Justice of the Nunavut Court of Appeal.
# Megarine

Megarine (Arabic: اﻟﻤﻘﺎرﻳﻦ) is a town and commune in Touggourt Province, Algeria, located just north of the city of Touggourt. According to the 2008 census it has a population of 13,751, up from 10,996 in 1998, and an annual growth rate of 2.3%.

## Geography

Megarine lies in a large area of palm plantations on an oasis network that extends from Sidi Slimane past Touggourt through to Balidat Ameur. Beyond the oases is the arid and barren landscape of the Sahara, featuring areas of sand dunes (ergs) and flat rocky plains (regs).

## Climate

Megarine has a hot desert climate (Köppen climate classification BWh), with very hot summers and mild winters. Rainfall is light and sporadic, and summers are particularly dry.

## Transportation

Megarine is connected to the N3 national highway a short 2.5 kilometres (1.6 mi) long local road. From the intersection, the town is connected to Biskra to the north, and Touggourt 9 kilometres (5.6 mi) to the south.
The train line from Biskra to Touggourt also runs near the town at the junction of the local road with the N3. While there is no station here, there is a station in Touggourt.

## Education

6.4% of the population has a tertiary education, and another 16.9% has completed secondary education. The overall literacy rate is 80.6%, and is 87.5% among males and 74.1% among females.

## Localities

The commune is composed of five localities:
* Meggarine Djedida
* Meggarine Guedima
* Amiche
* El Ksour
* Ghamra
# Harvey Rexford Hitchcock Jr.

Harvey Rexford Hitchcock Jr. (November 9, 1891 – January 22, 1958) was on the 1913 College Football All-America Team. From an influential missionary family in the Hawaiian Islands, he was admitted to McLean Hospital during World War I, where he would spend the remainder of his life.

## Life and career

Hitchcock was born November 9, 1891, on Molokaʻi island in the Kingdom of Hawaii. His father was Harvey Rexford Hitchcock Sr. (1864–1931). His paternal grandparents were Edward Griffin Hitchcock (1837–1898), son of Reverend Harvey Rexford Hitchcock (1800–1855), and Mary Tenney Castle (1838–1926), daughter of Castle & Cooke founder Samuel Northrup Castle (1808–1894). His mother was Hannah Julia Meyer (1866–1912), who was daughter of Rudolph Wilhelm Meyer and his wife, Kalama Waha, who was ethnically Native Hawaiian. Hitchcock's father's first cousin was painter David Howard Hitchcock (1861–1943). He also had a great-uncle named Harvey Rexford Hitchcock Jr. who lived 1835–1891 and published a dictionary of the Hawaiian language while principal of Lahainaluna School, and whose account of the 1874 election of King Kalākaua and the ensuing Honolulu Courthouse riot has been published in the Hawaiian Journal of History.
Hitchcock graduated from Punahou School in 1910, winning the Roll of Honor award. He then attended Harvard University, as did his father. While at Harvard he was the vice-president of the student union. He played as a tackle on the Harvard Crimson football team and was on the 1913 College Football All-America Team. He also played as pitcher on the baseball team. He graduated in 1914.
In September 1914, Hitchcock entered Harvard Law School. He volunteered to work for the Red Cross as an ambulance driver in World War I, but became ill waiting for a passport. He resigned from the law school and took a job with Firestone Tire and Rubber Company on April 19, 1915. He served in the National Guard in Ohio and Texas. In 1917 he attended the final illness of his brother. By March 1917 he returned to Firestone, but resigned in April to apply for an officer's commission, and was recalled into the National Guard. By August he became 2nd lieutenant, and 1st lieutenant October 23, 1917. On January 16, 1918, he was sent to France for artillery school. He served as an instructor and in combat that summer. In September, he was admitted to a field hospital, and sent back to Washington, D.C. He was discharged in April 1919, and on January 1, 1920, admitted to McLean Hospital for the insane, where he died on January 22, 1958. Hitchcock was then interred at Arlington National Cemetery.
# Mae Raeng

Mae Raeng (Thai: แม่แรง, pronounced) is a village and tambon (subdistrict) of Pa Sang District, in Lamphun Province, Thailand. In 2005 it had a population of 7627 people. The tambon contains 11 villages.
# Lan Luang Road

Lan Luang Road (Thai: ถนนหลานหลวง, RTGS: Thanon Lan Luang, pronounced; sometimes Larn Luang) is a road in Bangkok, it runs in a short distance of just about 1.5 km (1,500 ft).
The road starts at Phan Fa Lilat Bridge straight to the east, cut across Krung Kasem Road and crossed canal Khlong Phadung Krung Kasem to meet three other roads Phitsanulok, Phetchaburi and Sawan Khalok at the Yommarat Intersection, where the Yommarat Railway Halt situated.
It was built in the reign of King Chulalongkorn (Rama V), about in the year 1903. The King named it Lan Luang, which means "royal nephew", because it runs through the palaces of the six princes (all of them were sons of Prince Chaturonrasmi, the King's younger brother). While the bridge across Khlong Phadung Krung Kasem was named the King, Chaturaphak Rangsarit.
Previously, the area the road passed was considered a suburb and was a place to raise the royal buffalo. Hence, the name Sanam Khwai Road or Sanam Krabue Road (buffalo field road) unofficially.
Between the beginning phase up till the Chaturaphak Rangsarit Bridge, it is also a borderline between Wat Sommanat (north side) and Khlong Maha Nak Subdistricts (south side) of Pom Prap Sattru Phai District. When crossing Khlong Phadung Krungkasem already therefore enters Si Yaek Maha Nak Subdistrict of Dusit District fully, before ends at Yommarat Intersection in the area of Suan Chitlada Subdistrict.
The point where it meets Chakkraphatdi Phong Road is Lan Luang Intersection. Around 1957, Lan Luang neighbourhood was the area covering Wat Sitaram and Damrong Rak Road. It was considered a source of modern entertainment, the center of the troupes of lakhon chatri, likay, piphat, lamtat, khon, also the location of these theater agencies.
Renowned buildings along the road include Thai Airways Contact Center, Royal Princess Larn Luang Hotel, Varadis Palace, National Statistical Office (NSO), Maha Nak Market, Hall of Honour of The Prime Ministers & the National Council of Women of Thailand Under The Royal Patronage of Her Majesty The Queen (formerly Ban Managkasila), and Asia-Pacific International University: Bangkok Campus.
# Neopelma

Neopelma is a genus of bird in the family Pipridae.

## Etymology

Neopelma: Greek: νεος neos "new, different"; πελμα pelma, πελματος pelmatos "sole of the foot".

## Species

It contains the following species:
| Scientific name | Common Name | Distribution |
| Neopelma aurifrons | Wied's tyrant-manakin | Atlantic moist forests in eastern Brazil. |
| Neopelma chrysocephalum | Saffron-crested tyrant-manakin | Guianas, southern Venezuela and the northwestern Amazon Basin |
| Neopelma chrysolophum | Serra do Mar tyrant-manakin | southeastern Brazil. |
| Neopelma pallescens | Pale-bellied tyrant-manakin | Brazil and far northeastern Bolivia |
| Neopelma sulphureiventer | Sulphur-bellied tyrant-manakin | western Amazon Basin of Bolivia, Brazil and Peru |
# Orfana railway station

Orfana railway station (Greek: Σιδηροδρομικός Σταθμός Ορφανών, romanized: Sidirodromikos stathmos Orfanon) is a railway station in Orfana, Karditsa, Thessaly, Greece. It is located just east of the village. Opened in 1995, replacing an older station of the same name.

## History

On 16 January 1972, at around 1645 hours on the line between Orfana and Doxara, a breakdown in communication between the corresponding stationmasters at Doxaras and Orfana caused an express train and a military relief train to collide in bad weather on the single track line. The southbound diesel hauled Acropolis Express and northbound Number 121 Athens-Thessaloniki, (known as posta) were allowed to proceed without first allowing a passing loop. 21 people died, and more than 40 were injured in one of the deadliest rail accidents in Greece. Nikolaos Gekas The stationmaster at Orfana was later sentenced to 5 years for his part in the disaster.

## Services

The station is served the following Hellenic Train services:
* Regional services to Palaiofarsalos and Larissa 8tpd

## Station layout

| L Ground/Concourse | Customer service | Tickets/Exits |
| Level L1 | Side platform, doors will open on the right | Side platform, doors will open on the right |
| Level L1 | Platform 1 | towards Thessaloniki (Larissa) ← |
| Level L1 | Platform 2 | towards Palaiofarsalos (Kalambaka) → |
| Side platform, doors will open on the right ||
# Pallixouriakos F.C.

Pallixouriakos Football Club (Greek: Παλληξουριακός Α.Ο. Ληξουρίου) is a Greek football club, based in Lixouri, Cephalonia, Greece

## The Historic Season in the Gamma Ethniki (third tier of Greek football)

In the 2017–18 season, in the historic participation of Pallixouriakos in the Gamma Ethniki, the club finished penultimate in the 11th place of the 5th Group and was relegated. In 22 games the team got 3 wins, 4 draws and 15 losses
Pallixouriakos - Leonidio 1–0
Pallixouriakos - PAO Vardas 3–2
Pallixouriakos - Kalamata 1-1
Leonidio - Pallixouriakos 1-1
Pallixouriakos - Achaiki 1-1
Paniliakos - Pallixouriakos 1-1
Pallixouriakos - Pylos Tsiklitiras 3–1

## Rivalries

The main rivals of Pallixouriakos are AO Pronnon, Dilinata, Asteras Lixouriou, Ethnikos Kefalonia, Evgeros and formerly Olympiakos Kefalonia.

## Honours
### Domestic

** Kefalonia-Ithaca FCA Champions: 9
*** 1985–86, 1989–90, 1993–94, 1996–97, 1998–99, 2000–01, 2005–06, 2016–17, 2019–20
** Kefalonia-Ithaca FCA Cup Winners: 5
*** 1990–91, 1997–98, 2000–01, 2017–18, 2018–19
# Trade with France Act 1704

The Trade with France Act 1704 (3 & 4 Ann. c. 12) was an Act passed by the Parliament of England that prohibited the importation of French goods into England. France and Spain were on opposite sides in the War of the Spanish Succession at the time.
# Ukrainian Republic Capella

The Ukrainian Republic Capella (Ukrainian: Українська республіканська капела; later known as the Ukrainian National Chorus) was a musical company during and after World War I which toured Europe and North America with the intent to promote Ukrainian culture abroad. The main sponsor of the Capella was Symon Petliura.

## Background

During World War I, many events shook Eastern Europe. In Ukraine, a new chance to create an independent state presented itself. One of the key figures in this period was Symon Petliura. Petliura thought that many people may want to contribute to the promotion of Ukrainian culture, and realized that not everybody would be a good soldier. In order to include the greatest number of people into the process of statehood, Petliura organized a series of cultural programs, funded by the central Directorate of Ukraine, to actively promote Ukrainian culture abroad. One such initiative was the Ukrainian Republic Capella.

## Beginning

In January 1919, Petliura held a meeting with Oleksandr Koshetz and Kyrylo Stetsenko and presented the idea. Soon after this meeting, Oleksa Prykhodko also joined the Capella as assistant director.
The situation of the Capella was difficult in that the political situation in Kyiv was unstable. Although Koshetz and Stetsenko began work almost immediately, on January 26, 1919, Koshetz was forced to leave Kyiv before it was overrun by the Bolsheviks.
The Capella eventually reunited in Kamianets-Podilskyi, where the final preparations were made.

## First European Tour

The first tour of the Ukrainian Republic Capella started on April 26, 1919 in Czechoslovakia. The first concert was performed on May 20, 1919.
The tour continued from Czechoslovakia to Switzerland, France, Belgium, the Netherlands, and England.

## Second European Tour

Even though the Capella as a choir was receiving triumphant reviews, personality conflicts between Koshetz and Prykhodko led to a split. In the fall of 1920, Prykhodko and 20 members of the Capella returned to Czechoslovakia. However, Koshetz received further funding from Petliura, and Koshetz recruited Ukrainians living in Poland to the Capella.
The new Capella toured France, Spain, and Belgium.

## Dissolution

In May 1921, Oleksandr Koshetz announced the dissolution of the Ukrainian Republic Capella.
Later that year, Koshetz and some other members of the Capella created the Ukrainian National Chorus.

## Legacy

The Ukrainian National Chorus, which toured the United States and Canada between 1922 and 1926 is credited with introducing the Ukrainian Christmas Carol "Shchedryk" - known as the "Carol of the Bells" in English.
# Libres (municipality)

Libres is a town and municipality in the Mexican state of Puebla in south-eastern Mexico.
# Kurilsky District

Kurilsky District (Russian: Кури́льский райо́н, romanized: Kuríl'skiy rayón) is an administrative district (raion) of Sakhalin Oblast, Russia; one of the seventeen in the oblast. Municipally, it is incorporated as Kurilsky Urban Okrug. It is located on the central Kuril Islands southeast of the Island of Sakhalin. The area of the district is 5,145.9 square kilometers (1,986.8 sq mi). Its administrative center is the town of Kurilsk. Population: 7,359 (2010 Census); 7,108 (2002 Census); 10,498 (1989 Soviet census). The population of Kurilsk accounts for 28.1% of the district's total population. The name is sometimes spelled Kurliskiy or Kurliskiye in English.
# Leśniczówka, Siedlce County

Leśniczówka (Polish pronunciation:) is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Mordy, within Siedlce County, Masovian Voivodeship, in east-central Poland.
# Michael Collins (diplomat)

Michael Collins (born 25 June 1953, Dublin, Ireland) is a retired Irish diplomat. Collins retired after his tenure as Ambassador to Germany (2013-2019). He was also Ambassador to the United States from 2007 to 2013, Saudi Arabia from 1995 to 1999 and to the Czech Republic from 1999 to 2001.
As of 18 November 2019, he has been Director General of The Institute of International and European Affairs.
Collins attended Blackrock College, Dublin and Trinity College, Dublin.
# Nothris mesophracta

"Nothris" mesophracta is a moth of the family Gelechiidae. It is found in Australia (Victoria, Tasmania).
The wingspan is about 24 mm. The forewings are whitish with a few fuscous scales mostly on the veins and a broad median dark-fuscous streak from the base to the apex, and prolonged through the cilia. The hindwings are whitish-grey.
# Brian Pippard

Sir Alfred Brian Pippard, FRS (7 September 1920 – 21 September 2008), was a British physicist. He was Cavendish Professor of Physics from 1971 until 1982 and an Honorary Fellow of Clare Hall, Cambridge, of which he was the first President.

## Biography

Pippard was born in London in 1929 and his father was the engineer Alfred Pippard. He was educated at Clifton College and Clare College, Cambridge, where he graduated with MA (Cantab) and PhD degrees.
After working as a scientific officer in radar research during the Second World War, he was appointed as a Demonstrator in Physics at the University of Cambridge in 1946, subsequently becoming a Lecturer in the subject in 1950, a Reader in 1959, and the first John Humphrey Plummer Professor of Physics a year later. In 1971 he was elected Cavendish Professor of Physics.
Pippard demonstrated the reality, as opposed to the mere abstract concept, of Fermi surfaces in metals by establishing the shape of the Fermi surface of copper through measuring the reflection and absorption of microwave electromagnetic radiation (see the anomalous skin effect). He also introduced the notion of coherence length in superconductors in his proposal for the non-local generalisation of the London equations concerning electrodynamics in superfluids and superconductors. The non-local kernel proposed by Pippard, inferred on the basis of Chambers' non-local generalisation of Ohm's law) can be deduced within the framework of the BCS (Bardeen, Cooper and Schrieffer) theory of superconductivity (a comprehensive description of the details of the London–Pippard theory can be found in the book by Fetter and Walecka).
Pippard was the author of Elements of Classical Thermodynamics for Advanced Students of Physics, Dynamics of Conduction Electrons, and The Physics of Vibration. He also co-authored the three-volumes encyclopaedia Twentieth Century Physics.
As the Cavendish Professor of Physics at Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, he compiled Cavendish Problems in Classical Physics, based in large part on past examination questions for Cambridge physics students.
Pippard was the doctoral supervisor of Brian David Josephson (awarded PhD in Physics in 1964) who in 1973 received the Nobel Prize in Physics (together with Leo Esaki and Ivar Giaever) for his discovery of what is known as the Josephson effect.
# Duhlata

Duhlata (Bulgarian: Духлата) is a cave situated in Vitosha mountain, western Bulgaria. With a total length of 18,200 m, Duhlata is the second longest (since 2022) cave in the country. It was declared a natural monument in 1962. The cave is home to six species of bats.

## Location

Duhlata is situated in the south-western area of Vitosha on the left bank of the river Struma near the village of Bosnek, Pernik Province. The entrance of the cave is located at the very road between Bosnek and Chuypetlovo.

## Description

The name of the cave originated from the sounds of the wind through its entrance, from Bulgarian духам (transl. duham), meaning to whistle. Duhlata is 18,200 m long and 53 m deep. The cave is well studied and mapped and boasts great diversity of speleothems. Duhlata is one of the most complex cave systems in Bulgaria and was created by underground currents of the Struma River. It is a maze of tunnels, galleries, underground lakes, waterfalls and sinter formations situated at seven levels. There are six subterranean rivers.
It is home to 22 species of known animal species, including six bat species. The stygofauna include 11 Copepods, 2 Amphipoda, 1 Syncarida and 1 Acari species, and the only species of the troglofauna is the pseudoscorpion Neobisium kwartirnikovi. The diversity of worms (Nematoda, Oligochaeta), snails (Mollusca) and seed shrimps (Ostracoda) has not been studied.
Access to the cave is restricted. Duhlata can be visited only by researchers or experienced cavers with permission by Vitosha Nature Park Directorate.