OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Transfer of panel paintings

The practice of conserving an unstable painting on panel by transferring it from its original decayed, worm-eaten, cracked, or distorted wood support to canvas or a new panel has been practised since the 18th century. It has now been largely superseded by improved methods of wood conservation.
The practice evolved in Naples and Cremona in 1711–1725 and reached France by the middle of the 18th century. It was especially widely practiced in the second half of the 19th century. Similar techniques are used to transfer frescos. Oil paintings on canvas often receive additional support or are transferred to a new backing.

## Methods

The process is described by Henry Mogford in his Handbook for the Preservation of Pictures. Smooth sheets of paper were pasted over the painted surface of the panel, and a layer of muslin over that. The panel was then fixed, face down, to a table, and the wood planed away from the back until it was "as thin as a plane may safely go", and the remainder scraped off with a sharp instrument such as a razor. The ground of the painting was then removed by solvents or scraping, until nothing remained but a thin skin of colour, pasted over with paper and held together by the muslin. A prepared canvas was then attached to the back of the paint layer, using the same method as was used for lining pictures. When the glue had dried, the paper and muslin were removed by careful damping.
The leading workshop carrying out the process in Paris in the eighteenth century was that of Jean-Louis Hacquin (d. 1783), who transferred many works in the French royal collection. Transfers from the workshop have sometimes been found to have a layer of pieces of silk, or of sheets of paper between the paint layer and the new canvas. The workshop was continued after Hacquin's death by his son, François-Toussaint Hacquin (1756–1832), who transferred many paintings taken to France from Italy during the Napoleonic period.
Another method, used by Hacquin's contemporary, Jean-Michel Picault, dissolved the ground layer chemically, apparently with fumes of nitrous oxide, allowing the panel to be removed intact from the paint. A later restorer, Marie-Jacob Godefroid is recorded as having achieved similar results by the use of steam.
A less dramatic "partial transfer" tended to be used in Germany and Austria, in which a thin layer of the original wood was retained, and glued onto a new panel.
# Shavvaz, Yazd

Shavvaz (Persian: شواز, also Romanized as Shavvāz, and Shovāz, and Shavāz; also known as Shāh Āvaz and Shāh ‘Evaz) is a village in Nasrabad Rural District, in the Central District of Taft County, Yazd Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 157, in 70 families.
# Broût-Vernet

Broût-Vernet (French pronunciation:; Occitan: Brot e Le Vernet) is a commune in the Allier department in central France. It is around 15 km north-west of Vichy and 40 km north of Clermont-Ferrand.
# Khaleqabad, Zanjan

Khaleqabad (Persian: خالق اباد, also Romanized as Khāleqābād; also known as Khalikabad) is a village in Khararud Rural District, in the Central District of Khodabandeh County, Zanjan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 980, in 183 families.
# Atelopus limosus

Atelopus limosus, the limosa harlequin frog (Spanish: sapo limoso) is an endangered species of toad in the family Bufonidae endemic to Panama. Its natural habitats are stream banks in tropical moist lowland forests and rivers of the Chagres watershed in central Panama.

## Description

Atelopus limosus has two color forms. A lowland color form is brown with a yellow nose and fingertips, mean the male species while the upland color form is green with black chevron markings on its back. Males and females of both color forms are sexually dimorphic. Males are smaller with white bellies speckled with black spots, while females tend to have red or orange bellies.
Little is known of their diet in the wild, but it is presumably similar to that of other Atelopus species that forage on beetles, ants, flies, and mites. In captivity, the frogs readily accept large fruit flies, small meal-worm larvae, and small crickets.

## Conservation

A. limosus is threatened by chytridiomycosis and habitat loss. Species have been rapidly declining throughout their range. About 75% of all known species from highland sites above 1000 m have disappeared, while 58% of lowland species have declined and 38% have disappeared. Worried about the effects of chytridiomycosis on this endemic Panamanian frog, the Panama Amphibian Rescue and Conservation Project targeted A. limosus as a priority rescue species to be taken into captivity as an assurance colony at the Summit Municipal Park in Panama City. When the rescue team arrived at one of the last known upland sites at Cerro Brewster, they found many of the frogs were already infected with chytridiomycosis. The captive-breeding program has been successful. While the upland region seems to have been hard-hit by chytrid fungus, the fate of lowland populations of this species is uncertain, as chytridiomycosis appears to have more pronounced effects at upland sites.
# Diana Khodjaeva

Diana Khodjaeva (born 26 August 1998) is a Belgian professional pool player. Khodjaeva represented Europe at the Atlantic Challenge Cup in 2017 against the United States team.
She is the younger sister of Kamila Khodjaeva who is also a professional pool player

## Career

Khodjaeva represented Europe at the 2017 Atlantic Challenge Cup, before retiring from pool until 2019, where she entered the 2019 Austria Open, winning six games and reaching the quarter-finals, before losing 7–3 to Veronika Hubrtova.
# Filip Wypych

Filip Wypych (born 20 April 1991) is a Polish swimmer. He represented his country at the 2016 Summer Olympics.
# Robin Williams (mathematician)

Robert Martin Williams CB CBE (30 March 1919 – 18 March 2013), generally known as Robin Williams, was a New Zealand mathematician, academic administrator and public servant. He served as vice chancellor of the University of Otago from 1967 to 1972, and of the Australian National University from 1973 to 1975. Between 1975 and 1981, he was chair of the State Services Commission.

## Early life and family

Born in Christchurch in 1919, Williams was educated at Christ's College and went on to study at Canterbury University College, graduating MA with first-class honours in mathematics and mathematical physics in 1941.
On 15 July 1944, Williams married Mary Thorpe in Wellington, and the couple went on to have three children.

## Career

Williams worked in the applied mathematics laboratory of the Department of Scientific and Industrial Research. During World War II, he worked at the University of California, Berkeley on the Manhattan Project in 1944–45 on the separation of uranium. After the war, he graduated from St. John's College, Cambridge with a Bachelor of Arts (1946) and PhD (1949). He was a Harkness Fellow at Princeton in 1957.
In 1963, Williams moved to work as an administrator at the State Services Commission. From 1967 to 1972, Williams was vice chancellor of the University of Otago, before accepting the same position at the Australian National University in Canberra, where he remained until 1975. That year, he was appointed chair of the State Services Commission, based in Wellington, serving in that role until 1981. In 1971 he succeeded Dr K. J. Sheen as Director-General of Education in New Zealand.

## Honours and awards

Williams was elected to the American Philosophical Society in 1967. In 1972, Williams was conferred with an honorary LLD degree by the University of Otago. In the 1973 New Year Honours, he was appointed a Commander of the Order of the British Empire, for services to science, administration and education, and in the 1981 Queen's Birthday Honours, he was made a Companion of the Order of the Bath.

## Death

Williams died in Wellington in 2013, aged 93. His funeral was held at Old St Paul's, and he was buried at Mākara Cemetery.
# Port Wing (town), Wisconsin

Port Wing is a town in Bayfield County, Wisconsin, United States. The population was 389 at the 2020 census, up from 368 at the 2010 census. The unincorporated community of Port Wing is located in the town.

## Transportation

Wisconsin Highway 13 and Bayfield County Highway A are the main routes in the community.

## Geography

According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 46.8 square miles (121.1 km$^2$), of which 46.7 square miles (120.9 km$^2$) is land and 0.077 square miles (0.2 km$^2$), or 0.17%, is water.

## Demographics

As of the census of 2000, there were 420 people, 194 households, and 121 families residing in the town. The population density was 9.0 people per square mile (3.5/km$^2$). There were 356 housing units at an average density of 7.6 per square mile (2.9/km$^2$). The racial makeup of the town was 97.62% White, 1.43% Native American, 0.24% Asian, and 0.71% from two or more races.
There were 194 households, out of which 22.7% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 49.0% were married couples living together, 8.2% had a female householder with no husband present, and 37.6% were non-families. 33.5% of all households were made up of individuals, and 17.0% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.16 and the average family size was 2.74.
In the town, the population was spread out, with 21.4% under the age of 18, 5.7% from 18 to 24, 20.5% from 25 to 44, 33.6% from 45 to 64, and 18.8% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 46 years. For every 100 females, there were 107.9 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 102.5 males.
The median income for a household in the town was $30,000, and the median income for a family was $37,500. Males had a median income of $36,389 versus $26,250 for females. The per capita income for the town was $17,355. About 18.8% of families and 18.4% of the population were below the poverty line, including 23.0% of those under age 18 and 18.1% of those age 65 or over.
# RCG Oran

Raed Chabab Gharb d'Oran (Arabic: رائد شباب غرب وهران), or simply RCG Oran, is an Algerian professional soccer club based in Oran. The club was founded in 1947and its colours are black and red. Their home stadium, BLahouari Benahmed Stadium, has a capacity of 10,000 spectators. The club is currently playing in the Ligue Régional I.

## History

The club was founded in 1947 in Cité Petit in Oran by European settlers under the name of Racing Club de Cité Petit. With the independence of the country in 1962 and the departure of the settlers, the club was renamed a year later in 1963 Racing Club d'Oran (RC Oran) until 1972 when he took the name of the Raed Chabab Ghabat Ouahran following its integration with ONTF (Office des Forets). In 1977 and as part of the sports reform, the club is taken over by the National Society of Steel (SNS) is takes the name of SNS Oran and ECTT Oran until the end of the 80s and the end of the sports reform where the club takes the name of Raed Chabab Gharb d'Oran.
The club has played in division 1 during the 1976–77 season.

## Achievements

* Algerian Ligue 2
** Champion: 1976

## Stadium

The team plays in the Lahouari Benahmed Stadium in Choupot, Oran which holds 10,000 people.

## Equipment

* 2014–15 Baeko
# POP (typeface)

POP (Point of Purchase; Japanese: ポップ体) is a mono-weight typeface for the Japanese kanji writing system. It is similar to both sans-serif and script-based typefaces in the Latin alphabet. The POP typeface is designed to effect the look of handwritten Kanji, as though produced by a felt-tip marker. Its loose, casual structure makes it similar to casual scripts in the Latin alphabet.
A common misconception is to associate POP with HGSoeiKakupoptai (HG創英角ﾎﾟｯﾌﾟ体), but it is only one of many types of casual script fonts produced in Japan, even from the font foundry Soei (創英企画). Its popularity came from being distributed with Japanese version of Microsoft Office 2000, and it was also sold by Ricoh under TrueTypeWorld ValueFontD2.
# Otrozhny, Chukotka Autonomous Okrug

Otrozhny (Russian: Отрожный) is an urban locality (an urban-type settlement) in Anadyrsky District of Chukotka Autonomous Okrug, Russia, located about 200 kilometers (120 mi) west of Anadyr. It is a former gold mining settlement.

## History

The settlement was established in 1964 following the discovery of gold in the area. As well as gold, the mine also extracted osmiridium, with reports stating that several hundred grams were extracted in 1977, a very rare metal, normally only found in conjunction with other platinum group metals. The settlement was abandoned in 1998 when the extraction of gold was no longer economically viable and as of 2008 is in the process of being officially liquidated.
The mines were declared unprofitable and that there was no possibility of developing any other form of economy in 1999 and the settlement was closed along with a number of others in Chukotka. The Russian government guaranteed funds to transport non-working pensioners and the unemployed in liquidated settlements including Otrozhny from Chukotka to other parts of Russia. The Ministry of railways was obliged to lease containers for the transportation of the migrants' goods to the Chukotkan administration and ensure that they were delivered to the various settlements.

## Climate

Otrozhny has a Continental Subarctic or Boreal (taiga) climates (Dfc). On average, the temperature is below freezing from the start of September through to the end of the following May, with average low temperatures of below minus twenty Celsius occurring between November and April. June, July and August are the only months where the temperature is above freezing on average. This short summer period is still cool however, with temperatures rarely rising above ten degrees, although, as can be seen in the table below, there are occasional instances of significant heat.
Climate data for Otrozhny :
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | −0.8 (30.6) | 5.7 (42.3) | 12 (54) | 8.1 (46.6) | 19 (66) | 32 (90) | 33 (91) | 27.9 (82.2) | 18.2 (64.8) | 10 (50) | 16.3 (61.3) | 1 (34) | 33 (91) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | −19.7 (−3.5) | −20.4 (−4.7) | −16.8 (1.8) | −10 (14) | 3.5 (38.3) | 14.9 (58.8) | 17.1 (62.8) | 13.6 (56.5) | 6.5 (43.7) | −6.1 (21.0) | −17.1 (1.2) | −20.6 (−5.1) | −4.6 (23.7) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −24.3 (−11.7) | −26.9 (−16.4) | −26.1 (−15.0) | −20.6 (−5.1) | −5 (23) | 4.1 (39.4) | 7.2 (45.0) | 4.5 (40.1) | −2.4 (27.7) | −12.5 (9.5) | −23.4 (−10.1) | −25.9 (−14.6) | −12.6 (9.3) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −55.1 (−67.2) | −52 (−62) | −49.9 (−57.8) | −43.2 (−45.8) | −28.9 (−20.0) | −5.6 (21.9) | −5.6 (21.9) | −7.2 (19.0) | −17 (1) | −37 (−35) | −46.7 (−52.1) | −50 (−58) | −55.1 (−67.2) |
| Average rainfall mm (inches) | 15 (0.6) | 12 (0.5) | 6 (0.2) | 15 (0.6) | 9 (0.4) | 27 (1.1) | 54 (2.1) | 36 (1.4) | 18 (0.7) | 18 (0.7) | 15 (0.6) | 12 (0.5) | 237 (9.3) |
| Average snowy days | 15 | 14 | 11 | 11 | 8 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 4 | 13 | 12 | 17 | 106 |
| Source: ||||||||||||||
# Bukovščica

Bukovščica (pronounced; previously Klemen or Sveti Klemen, German: Sankt Clementis) is a village in the Municipality of Škofja Loka in the Upper Carniola region of Slovenia.

## Geography

Bukovščica includes the hamlets of Hrib, Dunaj, Laško, and Plana. The name Laško is unrelated to the adjective laški 'Italian; Romance-speaking' (cf. Laško). Instead, it is derived from the common noun laz 'grassy clearing'. Because the name Laško was misunderstood as meaning 'Italy', the nearby hamlet of Dunaj (literally 'Vienna') was given its name as a jocular counterpart.

## Church

The local church is dedicated to Saint Clement. Its rectangular nave indicates Romanesque origins, but the church was rebuilt several times. There is a fresco of Saint Christopher on the south wall of the sanctuary painted by Janez Gosar (1830–1887). Some of the frescoes were painted by Jernej of Loka. The main altar dates to 1851, and the Stations of the Cross are by Leopold Layer.
# Vestre Åmøy Chapel

Vestre Åmøy Chapel (Norwegian: Vestre Åmøy kapell) is a chapel of the Church of Norway in Stavanger Municipality in Rogaland county, Norway. It is located on the western end of the small island of Åmøy. It is an annex chapel in the Mosterøy parish which is part of the Tungenes prosti (deanery) in the Diocese of Stavanger. The white, wooden chapel was built in a long church style in 1953 using designs by an unknown architect. The chapel seats about 80 people. The building was renovated in 1980.

## History

Historically, the island of Åmøy was divided between two different municipalities and two different parishes. This chapel was part of Rennesøy Municipality and the Mosterøy parish which was part of the Tungenes prosti. The other half of the island was the site of Austre Åmøy Chapel. That chapel was located in Stavanger Municipality and part of the Vardeneset parish which was part of the Ytre Stavanger prosti. On 1 January 2020, the two municipalities were merged into Stavanger Municipality. On the same date, the Austre Åmøy chapel was transferred to the Mosterøy parish in Tungenes prosti.
# George Mitchell (Scottish musician)

George Mitchell OBE (27 February 1917 – 27 August 2002) was a Scottish musician, best known for having devised the long-running The Black and White Minstrel Show.

## Biography

He was born in Falkirk, Scotland. Mitchell's grandfather was well-known Scottish choir master John Laing, and both of his parents were amateur singers. He was educated at Southgate County School in North London. Mitchell was an accountant before his World War II military service. During the war, he served with the Royal Army Pay Corps at Finsbury Circus. This posting enabled him to organise choirs within the armed forces and put on shows at the Cripplegate Theatre, among others. This led to appearances on many BBC Radio shows.
The choir continued after the war, and soon no radio programme was complete without its quota of Mitchell Singers, often performing under different names. Given their own radio show in 1950, the George Mitchell Glee Club, George and his singers continued to perform in hundreds of radio and stage shows and appeared in several films. They also had several hit records. In 1957, the George Mitchell Minstrels first appeared at the annual Earl's Court Radio Show, a programme which was televised. From 1958, the Minstrels, in red make-up which looked black on camera, became an enormous hit, with a peak viewing audience of 16.5 million viewers in 1964. It won the Golden Rose of Montreux for Best TV Show in the World in 1961.
The show appeared in a prime-time television slot for twenty years, as well as spawning two touring stage shows, one in the UK and one in Australia, and a permanent one in London which ran from 1962 until 1972 at the Victoria Palace Theatre, with a further year at the New Victoria. During the 1970s, the television show's popularity declined, partly because of the style of music becoming dated, and partly because of an increase in racial awareness. It was axed by the BBC after several unsuccessful attempts to change the format. The final episode was broadcast in 1978.
Mitchell was awarded the OBE in 1975.
# Tracy Hayworth

Tracy Keith Hayworth (born December 18, 1967) is an American former professional football linebacker in the National Football League (NFL). He was selected by the Detroit Lions in the seventh round of the 1990 NFL draft. He played college football at Tennessee. He played high school for the Franklin County High School Rebels, as a running back, class of 1985. On March 15, 2023, Tracy Hayworth was named the new head football coach at his alma mater, Franklin County High School in Winchester, Tennessee.
# Tymoteusz Zimny

Tymoteusz Zimny (born 14 March 1998) is a Polish sprinter specialising in the 400 metres. He represented his country in the 4 × 400 metres relay at the 2017 World Championships reaching the final. Zimny also won two medals at the 2017 European U20 Championships.

## International competitions

| Year | Competition | Venue | Position | Event | Notes |
| Representing Poland ||||||
| 2015 | World Youth Championships | Cali, Colombia | 12th (sf) | 4 x 400 m relay | 47.53 |
| 2016 | World U20 Championships | Bydgoszcz, Poland | 15th (sf) | 400 m | 47.14 |
| 2016 | World U20 Championships | Bydgoszcz, Poland | 9th (h) | 4 x 400 m relay | 3:09.42 |
| 2017 | European U20 Championships | Grosseto, Italy | 2nd | 400 m | 46.04 |
| 2017 | European U20 Championships | Grosseto, Italy | 3rd | 4 x 400 m relay | 3:09.32 |
| 2017 | World Championships | London, United Kingdom | 7th | 4 × 400 m relay | 3:01.59 |
| 2019 | European Indoor Championships | Glasgow, United Kingdom | 4th | 4 × 400 m relay | 3:08.40 |
| 2019 | World Relays | Yokohama, Japan | 7th (B) | 4 × 400 m relay | 3:05.91 |
| 2019 | European U23 Championships | Gävle, Sweden | 4th | 400 m | 46.52 |
| 2019 | European U23 Championships | Gävle, Sweden | 4th | 4 × 400 m relay | 3:07.37 |
| 2022 | World Indoor Championships | Belgrade, Serbia | 4th | 4 × 400 m relay | 3:07.81 |
| 2022 | European Championships | Munich, Germany | 9th (h) | 4 × 400 m relay | 3:02.95 |

## Personal bests

Outdoor
* 400 metres – 46.04 (Grosseto 2017)
Indoor
* 200 metres – 22.47 (Toruń 2016)
* 400 metres – 47.26 (Toruń 2017)
# Arabaux

Arabaux (French pronunciation:; Occitan: Aravaut) is a commune in the Ariège department in the Occitanie region of southwestern France.

## Geography

Arabaux is some 20 km south of Pamiers and 2 km north-east of Foix, which is the urban area to which it belongs. National Highway N20 passes through the south-western corner of the commune partly in a tunnel but it has no exit in the commune with the nearest exit being No. 10 south of Saint-Jean-de-Verges. The D1 road goes from Foix through the south of the commune and continues east to Carla-de-Roquefort. Access to the village is by country roads - one from the NR20 Exit 10 and one from the D1 on the eastern border. The commune is heavily forested in the centre and west with the rest of the land farmland.
The Alses river passes through the centre of the commune from east to west then turns north forming part of the western border to join the Ariège near the NR20 Exit 10. The Ruisseau d'Araboux rises west of the village and flows north-west to join the Ariege.

### Neighbouring communes and villages

vtePlaces adjacent to Arabaux :
Labarre
Dalou
Gudas
Le Capitany
Arabaux
L'Herm
Foix
Montgailhard
Pradières :

## History

Bernard de Lordat, co-lord of Lordat, received Arabaux in around 1250, after an exchange with the count of Foix and thus became the lord.

## Administration

List of Successive Mayors
| From | To | Name |
| 1804 | 1808 | Jean Duran |
| 1810 | 1812 | Dominique Rouch |
| 1813 | 1813 | Pierre Rouch |
| 1816 | 1819 | François Azam Coustant |
| 1823 | 1828 | Dominique Rouch |
| 1853 | 1853 | Pierre Rouch |
| 1877 | 1878 | Jean Melet |
| 1884 | 1892 | Jean-Baptiste Marfaing |
| 2001 | 2020 | Michel Rouch |
| 2020 | 2026 | Jean-Claude Dupuy |

## Demography

The inhabitants of the commune are known as Arabausois or Arabausoises in French.
| Year | Pop. | ±% p.a. |
| 1793 | 142 | — |
| 1800 | 159 | +1.63% |
| 1806 | 151 | −0.86% |
| 1821 | 152 | +0.04% |
| 1831 | 154 | +0.13% |
| 1836 | 170 | +2.00% |
| 1841 | 167 | −0.36% |
| 1846 | 180 | +1.51% |
| 1851 | 183 | +0.33% |
| 1856 | 163 | −2.29% |
| 1861 | 173 | +1.20% |
| 1866 | 180 | +0.80% |
| 1872 | 149 | −3.10% |
| 1876 | 170 | +3.35% |
| 1881 | 127 | −5.67% |
| 1886 | 122 | −0.80% |
| 1891 | 114 | −1.35% |
| 1896 | 115 | +0.17% |
| Year | Pop. | ±% p.a. |
| 1901 | 120 | +0.85% |
| 1906 | 104 | −2.82% |
| 1911 | 91 | −2.64% |
| 1921 | 72 | −2.31% |
| 1926 | 75 | +0.82% |
| 1931 | 80 | +1.30% |
| 1936 | 68 | −3.20% |
| 1946 | 62 | −0.92% |
| 1954 | 62 | +0.00% |
| 1962 | 36 | −6.57% |
| 1968 | 47 | +4.54% |
| 1975 | 37 | −3.36% |
| 1982 | 55 | +5.83% |
| 1990 | 47 | −1.95% |
| 1999 | 54 | +1.55% |
| 2007 | 63 | +1.95% |
| 2012 | 55 | −2.68% |
| 2017 | 76 | +6.68% |
Source: EHESS and INSEE :