OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Irene Bennett Brown

Irene Bennett Brown is an American author of children's, young adult and adult fiction. Brown was born in Topeka, Kansas and when she was nine years old, moved with her family from Kansas to the Willamette Valley in Oregon.
Brown's fourth book, To Rainbow Valley, became the first one to sell and be published in 1969. It was re-released as an Easy Reader book in 2001.
Brown has her own publishing company, Riveredge Books, which has published and re-issued several of her books. Brown is a member of Western Writers of America and is a founding member of Women Writing the West. She continues to live in Oregon with her husband, Bob.

## Works
### Children's and young adult books

* To Rainbow Valley (1969 and 2000)
* Skitterbrain (1978)
* Run from a Scarecrow (1978)
* Willow Whip (1979)
* Morning Glory Afternoon (1981)
* Before the Lark (1982)
* Just Another Gorgeous Guy (1984)
* Answer Me, Answer Me (1985)
* I Loved You, Logan McGee (1987)

### Adult novels

* The Plainswoman (1994)
* Women of Paragon Springs Series
** Long Road Turning (2000)
** Blue Horizons (2001)
** No Other Place (2002)
** Reap the South Wind (2002)
* Haven (2003)
* The Bargain (2007)

## Awards and recognition

* Western Writers of America Spur Award Juvenile 1982 – Before the Lark
* Mark Twain Award nomination 1984-85 – Before the Lark
* Evelyn Sibley Lampman Award 1988
* Western Writers of America Spur Award finalist – The Plainswoman
# Korshamn Chapel

Korshamn Chapel (Norwegian: Korshamn kapell) is a parish church of the Church of Norway in Lyngdal Municipality in Agder county, Norway. It is located in the village of Korshamn. It is one of the churches for the Lyngdal parish which is part of the Lister og Mandal prosti (deanery) in the Diocese of Agder og Telemark. The white, wooden church was built in a long church design in 1906 using plans drawn up by the architect Arne Abrahamsen. The church seats about 100 people.
# Lib.ru

Lib.ru, also known as Maksim Moshkow's Library (Russian: библиотека Максима Мошкова, started to operate in November 1994) is the oldest electronic library in the Russian Internet segment.
Founded and supported by Maksim Moshkow, it receives contributions mainly from users who send texts they scanned and processed (OCR, proofreading). This method of acquisition provides the library a broad and efficient augmentability, though sometimes it adversely affects the quality (errors, omissions).
The structure of the library includes a section where one can publish his own literary texts ("Samizdat" journal, named after the samizdat of the Soviet era), a project for music publishing ("Music hosting"), a travel notes project ("Foreign countries") and some other sections.
Maksim Moshkow's Library received several Ru-net Awards, including the National Internet Award (2003).
The headline on the site Lib.ru says "With support from the Federal Press and Mass Communications Agency". According to Moshkow, his project received $35,000 from that organization in September 2005, which indicates some level of government support for the online publishing of in-copyright works.
Maksim Moshkow's project could be compared to some Wikimedia Foundation projects and is sometimes referred to as Russia's Project Gutenberg.

## KM Online vs. Maksim Moshkow's Library

On 1 April 2004, the "KM Online" media company, which is known for forming its own library by copying texts from the other electronic libraries, issued a lawsuit against Maksim Moshkow's Library in the name of Eduard Gevorkian, Marina Alekseyeva (pen-name "Alexandra Marinina"), Vasili Golovachov and Elena Katasonova. It was later discovered that only Gevorkian had had real claims against Moshkow. Moshkow's lawyer was Andrey Mironov from the Artemy Lebedev Studio, while KM's interests were presented by the so-called "National Society for Digital Technologies (NOCIT)".
This case became a precedent in the Russian legal practice which illustrated pressure on an electronic library caused by a copyright violation lawsuit.
On 30 March 2005, Moscow's Ostankino city district court imposed a penalty on Maksim Moshkow to pay Eduard Gevorkian a total of 3000 Russian rubles (around US$120) as compensation for moral damage. The ruling did not mention any compensation for copyright violation.
On 30 May 2006, another court order ruled that Moshkow had no right to publish online the works of William Shakespeare, Harrison and Zinoviev and ordered him to pay 10,000 rubles in each case. Moshkow's lawyer said he would appeal the decision.
# Aghcheh Qeshlaq, West Azerbaijan

Aghcheh Qeshlaq (Persian: اغچه قشلاق, also Romanized as Āghcheh Qeshlāq; also known as Āqcheh Qeshlāq and Īncheh Qeshlāq) is a village in Qarah Su Rural District, in the Central District of Khoy County, West Azerbaijan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 408, in 71 families.
# Kahnuj, Pa Qaleh

Kahnuj (Persian: كهنوج, also Romanized as Kahnūj; also known as Kahnow) is a village in Pa Qaleh Rural District, in the Central District of Shahr-e Babak County, Kerman Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 141, in 36 families.
# Kim Malabunga

Kim Niño Malabunga (born May 8, 1996) is a Filipino volleyball athlete. He played with NU Bulldogs collegiate men's University team. He is currently playing for the Criss Cross King Crunchers in the Spikers' Turf.

## Clubs

* Philippine Air Force Air Spikers (2017, 2019)
* Megabuilders Volley Bolts (2017)
* Vice Co. Blockbusters (2018)
* VNS-One Alicia Griffins (2022)
* AMC Cotabato Spikers (2022)
* Imus City–AJAA Spikers (2023)
* Criss Cross King Crunchers (2024–present)

## Awards
### Individual

| Season | Tournament | Award | Ref |
| Season | Tournament | Award | Ref | 2015 | Spikers' Turf 1st Season Collegiate Conference | 1st Best Middle Blocker |
| 2016 | Spikers' Turf 2nd Season Collegiate Conference | 2nd Best Middle Blocker | |
| 2017 | 2017 PVL Open Conference | 1st Best Middle Blocker | |
| 2017 | 2017 PVL Collegiate Conference | 2nd Best Middle Blocker | |
| 2019 | 2019 Spikers' Turf Reinforced Conference | 2nd Best Middle Blocker | |
| 2022 | PNVF Champions League | 2nd Best Middle Blocker | |

### Collegiate

| Season | Tournament | Title | Ref |
| Season | Tournament | Title | Ref | 2015-2016 | UAAP Season 78 volleyball tournaments | Runner-up |
| 2015 | Spikers' Turf 1st Season Collegiate Conference | Runner-up | |
| 2016-2017 | UAAP Season 79 volleyball tournaments | Runner-up | |
| 2016 | Spikers' Turf 2nd Season Collegiate Conference | Runner-up | |
| 2017-2018 | UAAP Season 80 volleyball tournaments | Champions | |
| 2018 | 2018 PVL Collegiate Conference | Champions | |
| 2018-2019 | UAAP Season 81 volleyball tournaments | Champions | |

### Clubs

| Season | Tournament | Club | Title | Ref |
| Season | Tournament | Club | Title | Ref | 2017 | 2017 Reinforced Conference | Philippine Air Force Air Spikers | Runner-up |
| 2017 PVL Open Conference | Megabuilders Volley Bolts | Runner-up | | | 2017 |
| 2018 | 2018 Spikers' Turf Open Conference | Vice Co. Blockbusters | 3rd place | |
| 2019 | 2019 Spikers' Turf Open Conference | Philippine Air Force Air Spikers | Runner-up | |
| 2021 | 2021 PNVF Champions League for Men | Go for Gold-Air Force Aguilas | Runner-up | |
| 2022 | 2022 PNVF Champions League for Men | Pikit-North Cotabato G-Spikers | Runner-up | |
| 2023 | 2023 Spikers' Turf Open Conference | Imus City–AJAA Spikers | 3rd place | |
# Pianoteq

Pianoteq is a software synthesizer that features real-time MIDI-control of digital physically modeled pianos and related instruments, including electric piano, harp, harpsichord, fortepiano, and various metallophones. It is usable as a stand-alone program for Microsoft Windows, Mac OS X, iOS, iPadOS and Linux (including ARM architecture) platforms, or as a plug in for VSTi hosts and two VSTi counterpart for use with digital audio workstations.

## History and technology

The original version of the program was released in August 2006. The software's physically modeled synthesis create sound from scratch using several megabytes of mathematical algorithms (Fourier construction) to generate electric piano and acoustic piano sounds that can be manipulated analogously to those produced by their material counterparts. Pianoteq's modeled sounds are supplemented with sampled pedal noise, key release, and hammer noise.
Patches for additional instruments are also available. Several of the historical instruments were created as part of the KIViR (Keyboard Instruments Virtual Restoration) project, which aims to create playable digital models of historical keyboard instruments in museums like the Händel-Haus in Halle.

## Instruments

Pianoteq models several modern as well as historical pianos, including the Steinway model B and model D, the Antonin Petrof 275 and 284, Bechstein DG, Steingraeber E-272, Grotrian Concert Royal, and Blüthner Model 1. Other instruments include models for the Hohner Pianet models N and T and Clavinet D6, as well as models for harpsichord, concert harp and Celtic harp, various tine and reed electric pianos, vibraphones, celeste, xylophone and marimba, and various steelpans.
# Kwirynów

Kwirynów is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Stare Babice, within Warsaw West County, Masovian Voivodeship, in east-central Poland. It lies approximately 6 km (4 mi) north-east of Ożarów Mazowiecki and 11 km (7 mi) west of Warsaw.
# Túpac Katari Indian Movement

The Túpac Katari Indian Movement (Spanish: Movimiento Indio Túpac Katari, MITKA) was an Indigenous political party in Bolivia.
The Túpac Katari Indian Movement was founded in April 1978 by Luciano Tapia Quisbert. Proclaiming itself “the political vanguard of the Indian people of Collasuyo” with the policy of returning to communal forms of production and the re-establishment of the indigenous languages, MITKA's base was in the campesino communities of the altiplano (Andean high plain).
The MITKA has its origins in independence movements started under Spanish rule in 1781 (by Túpac Katari in Bolivia and Túpac Amaru II in Peru) and continued as peasant movements in 1946–1952, leading to land reform, universal suffrage and the nationalization of mines between 1952 and 1964, and to the creation of a Túpac Katari Confederation in 1971.
The MITKA's ideology centered on the historical opposition between Indians, the continent's original inhabitants, and the Spanish and their mestizo-criollo descendants, known collectively in Quechua and Aymara as q'aras. This position rejected Marxist dialectics as foreign and denounced the equally alienating character of conventional politics, both right and left.
The MITKA took part in the 1978, 1979 and 1980 elections, running Luciano Tapia Quisbert. He polled 0.63, 1.93 and 1.21 per cent of the vote.
In 1980, Constantino Lima Chávez split from the Túpac Katari Indian Movement and founded the Túpac Katari Indian Movement-1 (MITKA-1). Constantino Lima Chávez adhered to a more extreme line which bordered on outright racism, rejected religious precepts and the validity of political divisions into 'left' or 'right', and maintained that 99% of change would be achieved through the use of violence.
The MITKA-1 took part in the 1980 elections, running Constantino Lima Chávez. He polled 1.30 per cent of the vote.
In 1985 the MITKA and the MITKA-1 disappeared.
# Banat Military Frontier

The Banat Military Frontier or simply Banat Frontier (Serbian: Банатска крајина/Banatska krajina; Romanian: Granița militară Bănățeană; German: Banater Militärgrenze) was a district of the Habsburg monarchy's Military Frontier during the 18th and 19th centuries. It was located in southern parts of the Banat region. It was formed in 1764, out of territories of the Banat of Temeswar. Today, the territory is split between Serbia and Romania.

## Geography

The Frontier was divided into Serb (Illyrian), German (Danube Swabian) and Romanian (Vlach) sections. It included parts of modern-day Banat and the south-eastern part of Bačka region, known as Šajkaška. Some of the important cities and places were: Pančevo, Bela Crkva, Titel, Žabalj, Alibunar, Kovin, and Caransebeş.

## History

The military province of Habsburg monarchy known as the Banat of Temeswar was created in 1718. In 1751, Maria Theresa introduced a civil administration for the northern part of the province. The southern part remained under military administration and was organized as the Banat Military Frontier. In 1849, this part of the Military Frontier bordered the Principality of Serbia to the south, Voivodeship of Serbia and Banat of Temeschwar to the north, Transylvania and Wallachia to the east, and the Slavonian Military Frontier to the west. It remained a part of the Habsburg Military Frontier until it was abolished in 1871.
* Map of Military Frontier sections in Syrmia, Bačka, and Pomorišje in 1718–44
* Map of Military Frontier sections in Syrmia, Bačka, and Pomorišje in 1744–50
* Map of Military Frontier sections in Syrmia, Bačka, and Banat in 1751–1778

## Administration

| Division | Seat |
| German | Pančevo |
| Romanian (Vlach) | Caransebeș |
| Serbian (Illyrian) | Bela Crkva |

## Demographics
### 1857

Total of 386,255 people:
* 314,514 (81.43%) Eastern Orthodox
* 51,860 (13.43%) Roman Catholics
* 19,418 (5.03%) Evangelists
* 393 (0.1%) Jews
* 70 (0.01%) others
# Acontium

Acontium or Akontion (Ancient Greek: Ἀκόντιον) was a town of ancient Arcadia, in the district of Parrhasia. The people of Acontium moved to Megalopolis upon the founding of that city in 371 BCE.
Its site is unlocated.
# Chesnokovka, Republic of Bashkortostan

Chesnokovka (Russian: Чесноковка) is a rural locality (a selo) and the administrative centre of Chesnokovsky Selsoviet, Ufimsky District, Bashkortostan, Russia. The population was 3,333 as of 2010. There are 83 streets.

## Geography

Chesnokovka is located 15 km south of Ufa (the district's administrative centre) by road. Zubovo is the nearest rural locality.
# Carlos Varela en vivo

Monedas al aire is the first live album of Carlos Varela, released in 1993

## Track listing

* "Todos se roban" - 7:39
* "Guillermo Tell" - 2:49
* "Soy un Gnomo" - 4:10
* "Memorias" - 4:22
* "Tropicollage" - 6:18
* "Jalisko Park" - 5:50
* "Jaque Mate 1916" - 5:33
* "Bulevar" - 4:15
* "Cuchilla en la acera" - 4:54

## Personnel

* Carlos Varela - lead vocals
* Dagoberto Pedraja - guitar
* Yadam González - bass guitar
* Elio Villafranca - keyboards, piano, sampler
* José Mestre - keyboards
* Fernando Favier - drums, percussion, sampler
* Guillermo Trujillo - percussion, trumpet
* Eduardo Pinto - tenor saxophone
* Jorge Lopez - alto and soprano saxophone
* Tania Gonzalez - backing vocals
# Protea dracomontana

Protea dracomontana, the Nyanga protea or the Drakensberg sugarbush, is a flowering plant that belongs within the genus Protea. The plant is found in the Eastern Cape, Lesotho, KwaZulu-Natal and the escarpment of the Free State, as well as eastern Zimbabwe. In Zimbabwe this species is only known from a disjunct subpopulation confined to the summit of Mount Nyangani.
Another vernacular name for this plant is Drakensberg dwarf sugarbush. In Afrikaans it is known as the Drakensbergse dwergsuikerbos.

## Taxonomy

This species was first described by John Stanley Beard in 1958, from a specimen, the holotype, which he had collected on Mount Nyangani, Zimbabwe.
Protea inyanganiensis is an (illegitimate) synonym for the Zimbabwe population created by Beard in 1993.

## Description

It is a shrub which has numerous stems and grows up to 1.5 metres high, often less. The plant blooms mainly from January to March. This species is monoecious with both sexes in each flower. The flowers are grouped together in a tight-packed inflorescence ('flower-head'), surrounded by petal-looking bracts, which is 6–9 cm in diameter, and is coloured creamy-white, often tinged with pink at the tips of the innermost bracts and the flowers.
The stems are reddish-brown to grey, glabrous and smooth to the touch.
It is extremely similar to Protea afra subsp. gazensis in Zimbabwe, which occurs contemptuously at lower altitudes than P. dracomontana, and P. afra subsp. afra in South Africa, for which the same applies. It is primarily distinguished from these taxa by having shorter inflorescences and a short, squat, bushy habitus. Rourke (1980) states possible hybrids between the two may exist.

## Ecology

This species can re-sprout again after wildfires from a bole-shaped rootstock, although it seems to need some protection from wildfires and is always found growing among rocks. Pollination occurs through the action of birds and insects. The seed is not stored on the plant, is released nine to twelve months after the flowers are formed, and is dispersed by action of the wind.
The plant grows in alpine grasslands and among rocks at heights of 1,600 m to 2,200 metres in South Africa, and peaty tussock grassland at 2,300 to 2,400 metres altitude, perhaps higher, at the summit of a single mountain in Zimbabwe.

## Conservation

It is not in danger of extinction. It has declined somewhat in the Drakensberg foothills due to habitat loss caused by agriculture, timber plantations and expanding rural settlements. It may be locally extinct in Lesotho. Nonetheless, it is widespread and common in the Drakensberg Mountains of KwaZulu-Natal and adjacent areas in the Free State Province. It is rare in Zimbabwe.
# Las Amapas Beach

Las Amapas Beach (Spanish: "Playa Amapas") is a beach at the south end of Zona Romántica, Puerto Vallarta, in the Mexican state of Jalisco. The small beach is separated from Playa de los Muertos by a rock formation known as "El Púlpito" (English: "The Pulpit").
# Now Deh, Birjand

Now Deh (Persian: نوده, also Romanized as Naudeh) is a village in Alqurat Rural District, in the Central District of Birjand County, South Khorasan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 184, in 65 families.
# Castelnau-Magnoac

Castelnau-Magnoac (French pronunciation:; Occitan: Castèthnau de Manhoac) is a commune in the Hautes-Pyrénées department in south-western France.

## Geography
### Climate

Castelnau-Magnoac has an oceanic climate (Köppen climate classification Cfb). The average annual temperature in Castelnau-Magnoac is 12.7 °C (54.9 °F). The average annual rainfall is 876.6 mm (34.51 in) with May as the wettest month. The temperatures are highest on average in August, at around 20.6 °C (69.1 °F), and lowest in January, at around 5.4 °C (41.7 °F). The highest temperature ever recorded in Castelnau-Magnoac was 39.7 °C (103.5 °F) on 13 August 2003; the coldest temperature ever recorded was −11.8 °C (10.8 °F) on 25 December 2001.
Climate data for Castelnau-Magnoac (1991−2020 normals, extremes 1986−present) :
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 22.3 (72.1) | 25.1 (77.2) | 28.0 (82.4) | 28.8 (83.8) | 31.9 (89.4) | 37.9 (100.2) | 38.7 (101.7) | 39.7 (103.5) | 36.2 (97.2) | 31.7 (89.1) | 25.2 (77.4) | 23.0 (73.4) | 39.7 (103.5) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 10.3 (50.5) | 11.5 (52.7) | 14.8 (58.6) | 16.9 (62.4) | 20.4 (68.7) | 24.1 (75.4) | 26.4 (79.5) | 26.8 (80.2) | 23.8 (74.8) | 19.5 (67.1) | 13.8 (56.8) | 11.2 (52.2) | 18.3 (64.9) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 5.4 (41.7) | 6.2 (43.2) | 9.0 (48.2) | 11.3 (52.3) | 14.9 (58.8) | 18.5 (65.3) | 20.5 (68.9) | 20.6 (69.1) | 17.4 (63.3) | 13.7 (56.7) | 8.7 (47.7) | 6.3 (43.3) | 12.7 (54.9) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 0.5 (32.9) | 0.8 (33.4) | 3.2 (37.8) | 5.7 (42.3) | 9.4 (48.9) | 12.8 (55.0) | 14.6 (58.3) | 14.4 (57.9) | 11.1 (52.0) | 7.9 (46.2) | 3.7 (38.7) | 1.3 (34.3) | 7.1 (44.8) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −9.3 (15.3) | −10.3 (13.5) | −9.7 (14.5) | −3.8 (25.2) | 0.1 (32.2) | 2.1 (35.8) | 7.3 (45.1) | 4.2 (39.6) | 1.6 (34.9) | −4.4 (24.1) | −9.8 (14.4) | −11.8 (10.8) | −11.8 (10.8) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 77.1 (3.04) | 62.8 (2.47) | 71.5 (2.81) | 88.7 (3.49) | 101.0 (3.98) | 69.4 (2.73) | 63.7 (2.51) | 54.3 (2.14) | 56.9 (2.24) | 65.1 (2.56) | 91.9 (3.62) | 74.2 (2.92) | 876.6 (34.51) |
| Average precipitation days (≥ 1.0 mm) | 10.7 | 9.2 | 9.7 | 11.4 | 11.2 | 8.5 | 6.8 | 6.9 | 7.8 | 9.4 | 11.2 | 9.8 | 112.7 |
| Source: Météo-France ||||||||||||||
# Hayya Hayya (Better Together)

"Hayya Hayya (Better Together)" is a song by American singer Trinidad Cardona, Nigerian singer Davido and Qatari singer AISHA. It is the first single of the multi-song 2022 FIFA World Cup official soundtrack. The track was produced by RedOne and was released on April 1, 2022. The title contains the Arabic word hayyā (هيا), an interjection meaning "let's go!"

## Music video

The music video for the song was released on April 1, 2022. It features Trinidad Cardona, Davido, AISHA and RedOne.

## Credits and personnel

* Trinidad Cardona – lyrics, composition, vocals
* Davido – lyrics, composition, vocals
* AISHA (Aisha Aziani) – vocals
* RedOne – lyrics, composition, production, arrangement, background vocals

## Charts

Chart performance for "Hayya Hayya (Better Together)" :
| Chart (2022) | Peak position |
| Croatia (HRT) | 48 |
| Suriname (Nationale Top 40) | 1 |
# Pozza di Fassa

Pozza di Fassa (Ladin: Poza (de Fascia), German: Potzach im Fasstal) is a frazione of Sèn Jan di Fassa in Trentino in the northern Italian region Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol, located about 60 kilometres (37 mi) northeast of Trento. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 1,867 and an area of 73.2 square kilometres (28.3 sq mi).
The frazione of Pozza di Fassa contains the frazioni (subdivisions, mainly villages and hamlets) Pera di Fassa and Monzon.
Pozza di Fassa borders the following municipalities: Canazei, Tiers, Mazzin, Welschnofen, Rocca Pietore, Vigo di Fassa, Moena and Soraga.
In the census of 2001, 1,587 inhabitants out of 1,787 (88.8%) declared Ladin as their native language.

## Gallery

* the castle
# Sadan (Amran)

Sadan (Arabic: صدان) is a sub-district located in the Al Ashah District, 'Amran Governorate, Yemen. Sadan had a population of 5473 according to the 2004 census.
# Council for Mass Media in Finland

The Council for Mass Media in Finland (Finnish: Julkisen sanan neuvosto, abbr. JSN; Swedish: Opinionsnämnden för massmedier) is a self-regulatory organ of the Finnish mass media. It controls journalists related to publishers who have adopted the good journalistic guidelines and makes resolutions on the bases of appeals. It was established in 1968 and one of its goals was to diminish the need for juridical investigations in the courts mainly caused by criticism of the leftist radicals in the late 1960s.

## Chairs

Chairmen :
| 1969 | Heikki Waris |
| 1970–1971 | Veli Merikoski |
| 1971–1972 | Kettil Bruun |
| 1972–1975 | K. J. Lång |
| 1975–1978 | Kai Korte |
| 1978–1990 | Henrik Grönqvist |
| 1990–1996 | Raimo Pekkanen |
| 1996–1999 | Kari Lehtola |
| 1999–2003 | Olli Mäenpää |
| 2003–2005 | Jacob Söderman |
| 2005–2007 | Kalevi Kivistö |
| 2008–2009 | Pekka Hyvärinen |
| 2010–2015 | Risto Uimonen |
| 2016–2019 | Elina Grundström |
| 2020– | Eero Hyvönen |
# Pniv

Pniv (Ukrainian: Пнів, Polish: Pniów, Russian: Пнев) is a village located in Nadvirna Raion in Ivano-Frankivsk Oblast in western Ukraine. It belongs to Pasichna rural hromada, one of the hromadas of Ukraine.
From the mid-14th century until 1772 (see Partitions of Poland) the village was part of the Kingdom of Poland. In 1772, it was annexed by the Habsburg Empire, and remained in the province of Galicia until late 1918. In the inter-war years, the borders changed and the town became part of the Second Polish Republic. Following the 1939 invasion of Poland, it was annexed into the Ukrainian SSR (see also Molotov–Ribbentrop pact). The village was occupied by the Germans in 1941 during World War II. After the war it was once again absorbed into the Ukrainian SSR. Since its independence in 1991, the village has been part of Ukraine.