OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Treating in the United Kingdom

Treating is an electoral fraud criminal offence in the United Kingdom. Treating occurs when an election candidate or their agents offer material incentives for people to vote for them or to abstain from voting. It is a triable either way offence with the sentence being up to either an unlimited fine, one year imprisonment or both.

## History

Historically, the issue of treating at elections was dealt with under common law. An early statute on treating was the Treating Act 1695 (7 & 8 Will. 3. c. 4) (1695 or 1696). In 1840, the House of Lords debated putting treating on a statutory footing similar to bribery, but argued that poor electors should be entitled to receive refreshments from candidates if they took a day off work to vote. An early example of treating which led to an election petition to the Election court which nullified an election result was in 1868 in Youghal where the winner Christopher Weguelin was found guilty of treating for buying food and drink for voters in exchange for their vote.

## Current offence

The current offence of treating was created under section 114 of the Representation of the People Act 1983. It stated if election candidates or their agents offered any food, drink, entertainment or any payment in order to make any attempt to prevent voting or to sway voters to vote for them, then they have committed the offence of treating. The recipient is also guilty of the offence if they accept it. The Crown Prosecution Service stated they would only prosecute treating if it was in the public interest and would not prosecute in situations such as if it could not have affected the election process, if it was a genuine mistake or did not go against the spirit of the Representation of the People Act.
In 1911, Seymour King, an MP with 25 years' service, lost his seat after he was discovered to have given coal to the poor and sweets to children to commemorate his length of service, which counted as treating. In 2014, the police received four reports of the alleged offence. In the 2010s, there have been some modern examples of the offence. In April 2015, the Mayor of Tower Hamlets Lutfur Rahman (Tower Hamlets First) was found guilty of a number of electoral fraud offences, including treating, during the 2014 Tower Hamlets mayoral election which resulted in an election court declaring the result of the election null and void leading to Rahman being removed from office. An accusation of treating was seen in the 2015 United Kingdom general election where the UK Independence Party candidate for Southampton Itchen, Kim Rose was accused of treating for giving out sausage rolls at a community event; however, Hampshire Constabulary said they would take no action over the allegation. The UKIP leader Nigel Farage criticised the allegation of treating.
# Chris Wells (tennis)

Christopher Wells is a British former professional tennis player.
Wells, based in London, was a British under-21 singles champion.
Active on tour in the 1970s, Wells made several attempts to qualify for the singles main draw at Wimbledon and featured in the mixed doubles main draw in 1979 (with Debbie Parker).
# Saraktashsky District

Saraktashsky District (Russian: Саракташский райо́н) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the thirty-five in Orenburg Oblast, Russia. It is located in the northeast of the oblast. The area of the district is 3,600 square kilometers (1,400 sq mi). Its administrative center is the rural locality (a settlement) of Saraktash. Population: 40,145 (2010 Census); 42,307 (2002 Census); 40,887 (1989 Soviet census). The population of Saraktash accounts for 42.9% of the total district's population.
# Berlian Hutauruk

Berlian Hutauruk (born 11 October 1957, in Jakarta) is an Indonesian soprano of Batak descent. Beginning her career singing religious music in church, Hutauruk later sang for movie soundtracks and released a solo album. She is best known for singing "Badai Pasti Berlalu", which Rolling Stone Indonesia selected as the third-best Indonesian song of all time in 2009.

## Biography

Berlian Hutauruk was born in Jakarta on 11 October 1957. In 1968, she participated in the Ayo Menyanyi television show on Televisi Republik Indonesia. After attending middle school, Hutauruk studied at a secretarial academy.
Hutauruk started her vocal training in church, singing religious songs and eventually travelling to Europe for a religious music festival. After placing second in a national-level pop competition, the Association of Indonesian churches sent her to study in the United States.
In 1977, Eros Djarot asked Hutauruk to provide vocals for the soundtrack to Badai Pasti Berlalu together with Chrisye. However, the director Teguh Karya disliked her voice, asking "Whose voice is this, Kuntilanak?" after hearing it for the first time. When Djarot threatened to cancel the soundtrack, Teguh Karya gave in and Hutauruk recorded the song.
Later that year, Hutauruk was asked to return to record a soundtrack album for Badai Pasti Berlalu. After its recording and release, the resulting album was well-received, as was the title song, "Badai Pasti Berlalu". Hutauruk's vocals were considered one of the highlights of the album. "Badai Pasti Berlalu" has since been considered her signature song.
After the release of Badai Pasti Berlalu, Hutauruk released Nyanyian Cinta. She also provided vocals for the film version of Karmila, adopted from the Marga T novel of the same name. In 1981, she joined the ASEAN Pop Music Festival.
Hutauruk later left the spotlight, although she continued to sing in churches, wedding receptions, and company parties. In 2005, Hutauruk made a brief return to the spotlight after the 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake and tsunami, singing "Badai Pasti Berlalu" for the victims. It was well received.

## Legacy

Hutauruk's placing second in the 1975 pop competition has been cited as paving the way for female sopranos in Indonesia. Before that, most female Indonesian singers were mezzo-sopranos and altos.
In 2007, Rolling Stone Indonesia chose Badai Pasti Berlalu as the best Indonesian album of all time. In 2009, they chose Hutauruk's version of "Badai Pasti Berlalu" as the third-best Indonesian song of all time, writing that:
   "... Berlian Hutauruk with perfect articulation breathes life into each and every word..."
They also wrote that other versions by male artists could not compare, lacking her emotional strength.

## Discography

* Badai Pasti Berlalu (English: The Storm Will Surely Pass; 1977)
* Nyanyian Cinta (English: Love's Song)
# Linów, Masovian Voivodeship

Linów is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Zwoleń, within Zwoleń County, Masovian Voivodeship, in east-central Poland. It lies approximately 7 kilometres (4 mi) north-west of Zwoleń and 98 km (61 mi) south of Warsaw.
# Music of Sydney

The Sydney Symphony is internationally renowned and regularly performs in the Concert Hall (2,600 seats) of the Sydney Opera House under Chief Conductor Vladimir Ashkenazy. City Recital Hall is dedicated mainly to chamber music and chamber orchestra concerts, featuring many famous international artists as well as concert series by fine local groups such as the renowned Australian Chamber Orchestra and Sydney's foremost Baroque orchestra, the Australian Brandenburg Orchestra.
Opera Australia, the world's third-busiest opera company, has its headquarters in Sydney and performs a busy program of mainly classical and occasionally contemporary operas at the Opera Theatre of the Sydney Opera House. Sydney is the birthplace of the composer George Frederick Boyle.
New experimental and avant-garde music is performed by Ensemble Offspring, Halcyon, The Noise and others, at the recently refurbished Carriageworks and many small inner-city cafes, warehouses, theatres, etc. Both Liquid Architecture and What Is Music are annual festivals of modern music and sound art.

## Jazz

Jazz and alternative music (such as Sydney-based The Necks) are played at The Basement and Jazz at 72, and formerly at the now defunct Harbourside Brasserie. The Sound Lounge (SIMA), Jazzgroove, 505 and Red Rattler host regular jazz and alternative music events.

## Rock

Many well-known Australian rock bands and solo artists began their careers in Sydney. Sydney inductees into the ARIA Hall of Fame include Johnny O'Keefe, Col Joye (& The Joy Boys), Billy Thorpe (the original Aztecs formed in Sydney), The Easybeats, Sherbet, Richard Clapton, John Paul Young, AC/DC, Radio Birdman, Midnight Oil, Rose Tattoo, Mental As Anything, INXS, Icehouse, Divinyls, The Church and Hoodoo Gurus. Other important acts include early rockers Lonnie Lee & the Leemen, Dig Richards & The R'Jays and Johnny Rebb & The Rebels, surf group The Atlantics, beat groups Ray Brown & The Whispers, The Missing Links and The Throb. The seventies saw "progressive" acts like Tamam Shud, Tully and Blackfeather emerge, followed by glam groups Hush & Ted Mulry Gang.
Sydney is famous for its alternative rock scene, boasting such names as The Celibate Rifles, indie rockers The Clouds, The Vines and The Crystal Set, to electronic music pioneers Severed Heads, Single Gun Theory, The Lab, Itch-E and Scratch-E and local favourites Sneaky Sound System.and is the original home of the now national alternative rock festival the Big Day Out, which began in Sydney in 1992 featuring local bands such as You Am I and The Clouds and international groups like Nirvana.
Other notable bands from the Sydney music scene are Angelspit, Wolfmother and Thy Art Is Murder.

## Indie

Sydney has a prominent indie or lo-fi scene which features many rising, internationally touring bands such as Royal Headache, Circle Pit, Electric Flu, Enerate, Raw Prawn, Bed Wettin' Bad Boys and Dead Farmers. While not as widespread as Melbourne's 'scene', Sydney tends to have a mass of tight-knit groups of bands that will tour together, most of which are on the same record label(s).
# Syzygy (novel)

Syzygy is a 1981 novel by Frederik Pohl. It was inspired by the non-fiction work, The Jupiter Effect by John Gribbin and Stephen Plagemann, in which an alignment of the planets of the Solar System in March 1982 was predicted as possibly causing disasters on Earth, including a large earthquake in California, by its effect on the solar wind. The prediction did not come to pass, the theory was debunked, and Gribbin himself announced that he regretted publishing it.

## Plot

The novel contains few science fiction tropes, instead focusing on the reactions of people in 1982 to the possibility of disaster. Politicians, cult leaders, and hucksters use the prediction for their own benefit. Two characters, a geologist and a NASA mission director, encounter each other during this time. The novel also focuses on Danny Deere, a real estate speculator who sponsors a cult called the "Jupes" to spread panic and drive down values so he can cash in.
Tib Sonderman, a geologist, reads The Jupiter Effect on his way to Los Angeles in late 1981. Rainy Keating, mission director of the deep space probe Newton-8, has to defend her funding after the probe goes dead just as it is about to observe a transit of Jupiter across the sun from beyond the orbit of Saturn. They are thrown together during committee meetings overshadowed by rising panic among the population, especially when typical California disasters like wildfires occur. In the final chapter, it is discovered that the Newton-8 probe shut down as it passed through an intense burst of radio transmission from an extraterrestrial source. The transmission was intensified by the combined gravitational lensing effect of the Sun, Jupiter and Saturn. The novel ends with people realizing that civilizations can survive the self-destructive phase of their technological progress.
# Krępa, Mława County

Krępa is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Lipowiec Kościelny, within Mława County, Masovian Voivodeship, in east-central Poland. It lies approximately 7 kilometres (4 mi) north-east of Lipowiec Kościelny, 10 km (6 mi) north-west of Mława, and 116 km (72 mi) north-west of Warsaw.
# Caranus

Caranus (Ancient Greek: Κάρανος) may refer to:

## People

* Caranus of Macedon, legendary progenitor of the royal house of Macedon
* Caranus (son of Philip II) (4th century BC), half-brother of Alexander the Great
* Caranus (hetairos) (died 329 BC), of Alexander the Great
* Caranus (3rd century BC), probably a relative of the hetairos Caranus, whose wedding feast was described in a letter by Hippolochus
* Saint Caraunus of Chartres, 1st or 5th century Christian missionary in Gaul
* Kalanos (4th century BCE), Hindu Brahmin and philosopher, called Caranus by Diodorus Siculus

## Other uses

* Karanos, Chania, a village in the Chania regional unit
# Neville Willford

Neville Willford (1882–1947) was a British tennis player in the years before and after World war 1. His best performance in Wimbledon men's singles was a quarter final in 1920 (where he lost to Zenzo Shimizu). At Wimbledon in 1924, Willford won a set against eventual champion Jean Borotra in the men's singles first round. Willford's Wimbledon singles career spanned the years from 1912 to 1926. Willford died in Sussex in 1947 aged 64.
# Harvey Sutton

Harvey Vincent Sutton (18 February 1882 – 21 June 1963) was an Australian athlete and public health physician. He was Victoria's second Rhodes Scholar, following John Behan, a fellow alumnus of Trinity College, Melbourne.

## Family

The son of Castlemaine gaol warder William Sutton (1838-1912), and Hannah Sutton (1837-1930), née Howe, Harvey Vincent Sutton was born at Castlemaine on 18 February 1882.
He attended school at Castlemaine and St Andrew's College, Bendigo. From 1898, he was a resident in Trinity College, Melbourne while studying medicine at the University of Melbourne (M.B., 1902; Ch.B., 1903; M.D., 1905), receiving his clinical training at Melbourne Hospital.
His older brother Edmund Hamilton "Ned" Sutton (1868-1911) played VFA football for both Carlton (1888-1889) and Melbourne (1895-1896), and also played with Melbourne (and was the team's captain) in its first two years in the VFL (1897 and 1898).

## Athletics career

In 1903-04, Sutton became the Australian National Champion in the 880 yard race, having finished in third place two years earlier.
In 1905 Sutton attended New College, Oxford, for whom he competed against Cambridge in athletics and lacrosse.
He competed in the 1908 Summer Olympics in London on the Australasia team, a combined squad of competitors from Australia and New Zealand. In the 800 metres, Sutton placed third in his initial semifinal heat and did not advance to the final. His time was 2:00.0.

## Later life

Sutton become resident medical officer at Charing Cross Hospital before returning to Australia in 1909.
He served as a doctor in World War I. He was twice mentioned in despatches and in 1919 was awarded the Order of the British Empire for his services in the Middle East.
In 1921, Sutton transferred to the NSW school medical service, and in 1930, he became the first director of the School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine at the University of Sydney. He had a particular interest in eugenic approaches to the moral and physical development of children. He believed that national development depended on state intervention in education and public health programs.
Sutton died at his home in Rose Bay, New South Wales in 1963.

## Publications

* Harvey Sutton (1944), Lectures on Preventative Medicine, Sydney: Consolidated Press

## Footnotes

* ↑ "Harvey Sutton". Olympedia. Retrieved 6 March 2021.
* ↑ Deaths: Sutton, The Argus, (Saturday, 6 July 1912), p.13.
* ↑ Personal, The Argus, (Thursday, 11 July 1912), p.13.
* ↑ Deaths: Sutton, The Sydney Morning Herald, (Thursday, 25 December 1930), p.6.
* ↑ Personal, The Toowoomba Chronicle and Darling Downs Gazette, (Monday, 19 January 1931), p.4.
* ↑ "Australian Open Track & Field Championships". athhistory.sportstg.com. Archived from the original on 2 September 2017. Retrieved 30 August 2017.
* 1 2 "Sutton, Harvey (1882–1963)". Biography - Harvey Sutton. National Centre of Biography, Australian National University. Retrieved 1 September 2017. {{cite book}}: |website= ignored (help)
* ↑ "Harvey Sutton". corporate.olympics.com. Retrieved 30 August 2017.
# Baiji SC

Baiji Sport Club (Arabic: نادي بيجي الرياضي) is an Iraqi football team based in Saladin, that plays in Iraqi Second Division League.

## Stadium

In August 2021, the Ministry of Youth and Sports decided to restore and rehabilitate Baiji Stadium, after it had been destroyed by ISIS in previous years.

## Managerial history

* Mahmoud Saadoun

## Famous players

* Raad Fanar
# Katarzyna Bierzanowska

Katarzyna Bierzanowska is a Polish disability rights activist who founded the Pełnoprawna initiative. In 2020 she became a founding member of the Consultative Council created on 1 November 2020 in the context of the October 2020 Polish protests.

## Childhood and education

Bierzanowska graduated in applied linguistics.

## Personal disability

In 2019, Bierzanowska had had an illness weakening her leg muscles for over a decade. She had earlier raised money on the Internet to obtain an electric wheelchair to give her mobility. Needing renovations to her residence in order to have facilities enabling her to live normally, she applied for funds from the Polish State Disabled Persons Rehabilitation Fund [pl] (PFRON). She was informed that the delay would be more than a year. Since her illness was progressing, she successfully appealed for funds on the Internet.

## Disabled rights activism

Bierzanowska founded the Pełnoprawna (English: Full rights) initiative on Facebook opposing discrimination against the disabled.
Bierzanowska is a co-founder of the Article 6 Collective, an informal group of disabled women and their supporters.
Bierzanowska stated that about 12% of Poles were disabled according to 2011 official statistics, including about half of those over the age of 60, typically with sight or hearing problems. In 2018 she judged the support for the disabled in Poland to be vastly inadequate. She argued that providing full practical rights to the disabled was "everybody's" responsibility.
On 17 May 2018, during the month-long strikes in front of the Sejm, the Polish lower house of parliament, to defend the rights of the disabled, Bierzanowska participated in a public debate on the issues of "what disabled people actually require and how [they] can avoid serious issues becoming party political playthings in the battle for the ballot box."

## Consultative Council

In 2020 Bierzanowska became a founding member of the Consultative Council created on 1 November 2020 in the context of the October 2020 Polish protests.
# Krężel, Masovian Voivodeship

Krężel is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Chynów, within Grójec County, Masovian Voivodeship, in east-central Poland. It lies approximately 4 kilometres (2 mi) south of Chynów, 16 km (10 mi) east of Grójec, and 39 km (24 mi) south of Warsaw.
# Kalinovka, Selsoviet Artyukhovsky, Oktyabrsky District, Kursk Oblast

Kalinovka (Russian: Калиновка) is a rural locality (a khutor) in Artyukhovsky Selsoviet Rural Settlement, Oktyabrsky District, Kursk Oblast, Russia. Population: 0 (2010 Census); 25 (2002 Census);

## Geography

The khutor is located on the Dichnya River (a left tributary of the Seym River), 56 km from the Russia–Ukraine border, 31 km south-west of Kursk, 16 km south-west of the district center – the urban-type settlement Pryamitsyno, 3 km from the selsoviet center – Artyukhovka.

### Climate

Kalinovka has a warm-summer humid continental climate (Dfb in the Köppen climate classification).

## Transport

Kalinovka is located 19.5 km from the federal route M-2 Crimea Highway (a part of the European route E105), 3 km from the road of regional importance 38K-010 ("Crimea Highway" – Ivanino, part of the European route E38), 12 km from the nearest railway halt 439 km (railway line Lgov I — Kursk).
The rural locality is situated 43 km from Kursk Vostochny Airport, 113 km from Belgorod International Airport and 241 km from Voronezh Peter the Great Airport.
# Tiruppugalur Vardhamaneswaram

Tiruppugalur Vardhamaneswaram (Tamil: திருப்புகலூர் வர்த்தமானீஸ்வரம்) is a Hindu temple located in Tiruppugalur in the Tiruvarur district of Tamil Nadu, India.

## Significance

It is one of the shrines of the 275 Paadal Petra Sthalams. Praises of the temple have been sung by Sambandar in the Thevaram. It is considered to be the 76th in the series of Tevara Stalams in the Chola kingdom located south of the river Kaveri. This is 139th temple in the Chola country Sambandar sings about the deity as "Vasa mamalar udayar Vardhamaneswarathare..." as under:
   ஈசன்ஏறமர்கடவுள் இன்னமுது எந்தை எம்பெருமான்
   பூசுமாசில் வெண்ணீற்றர் பொலிவுடைப் பூம்புகலூரில்
   மூசுவண்டறை ன்றை முருகன்முப்போதுஞ் செய்முடிமேல்
   வாசமாமல ருடையார் வர்த்த மானீச்சரத்தாரே.

## 76th temple

Of the Paadal Petra Sthalams Thiruppugalur Vardhamaneeswaram is the 76th temple. This is found in the Chola Naadu of Tamil Nadu in the South of river Kaveri (128 temples)

## Speciality

The temple Theertham is known as Agni Theertham. This Shivastalam is a part of the Agnipureeswarar Temple, Thirupugalur temple. The vimanas of these shrines are found side by side.

## Presiding deity

The presiding deity is Shiva. He is known as Vardhamaneswarar. The goddess of the temple is Karunthazhkuzhali. As the shrines of Vardhamaneswarar and Agniswarar are found as one shrine one has to circumambulate these shrines at one stretch. It is not possible to go around the shrine of Vardhamaneswarar. Apart from this presiding deity has no separate flagpost and kosta sculptures. The presiding deity is also known as Konal lingam, i.e., it appears as distorted or skewed manner. So, it is also known as Konal Piran.

## Vaikasi Visakam

Vaikasi Visakam festival is celebrated in a grand manner in this temple.