OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Chris Crowther

Chris Crowther (born November 6, 1978) is a professional racquetball player. Crowther was the #5 player on the International Racquetball Tour at the end of the 2010–11 season, which was a career high and the sixth season he'd finished in the IRT's top 10 players. A California native, Crowther is the tallest player on the IRT and known for his strong drive serve and hard hitting playing style.

## Professional career

Crowther played his first IRT match in May 1997, losing to Cliff Swain in three games, he wasn't full-time until the 2001–02 season, when he played the US Open for the first time, making it to the Round of 16, when he again lost to Swain.
Crowther made the finals of an IRT event for the first time in September 2010 at the Cali Colombia Grand Slam event, losing to Kane Waselenchuk in four games. Crowther made his second final in October 2011 at the Red Swaine Shootout in Davison, Michigan, again losing to Waselenchuk.

## International career

Crowther has represented the USA four times, three times in singles and once in doubles. In singles, he was silver medalist at the 2011 Pan American Championships, losing the final to Mexican Daniel De La Rosa. In his first appearance on Team USA in 2007, Crowther was bronze medalist at the Pan American Championships, and he also played at that event in 2009.
In doubles, Crowther was a bronze medalist with Shane Vanderson at the 2011 Pan Am Games. He played singles and doubles in the team competition of those games, helping the US to a silver medal.

## Personal life

Crowther graduated from the University of California at Riverside. He currently resides in San Diego where he works for E-Force Racquetball.
# Shlomo Halberstam (first Bobover rebbe)

Rabbi Shlomo Halberstam (Polish: Szlomo Halberstam‏, Hebrew: רבי שלמה האַלבּערשטאַם‏; 1847 –1905) was a community rabbi and a Hasidic Rebbe, founder of the Hasidic dynasty of Bobov. He was the son of Rabbi Myer Noson Halberstam (1827-1855). Rabbi Shlomo was a grandson of the Divrei Chaim of Sanz (1793-1876), a Hasidic sage of the 19th century whose influence established the groundwork for many other Galician Hasidic movements.
Halberstam became an orphan at age eight, and lived with his grandfather, the Divrei Chaim, for most of his early life. He married the daughter of Rabbi Yehoshua of Kaminka. In later life he remarried; his second wife was the daughter of Rabbi Menashe of Drohobycz. His mentors in chasidut were his two grandfathers, the Divrei Chaim of Sanz and Rabbi Eliezer Horowitz of Dzikov.
He became the rabbi of Bukowsko in 1864, Oświęcim in 1879, Vishnitsa in 1880, where he set up a large yeshiva in 1881 and began to serve as a rebbe (Admor) there. He left Vishnitsa and re-established his Yeshiva in Bobov where he was appointed rabbi in 1892.
He died in the summer of 1905 (1 Tamuz 5665 on the Hebrew calendar) in the resort town of Bad Nauheim and was returned to Bobov for burial.

## Rebbes of Bobov

* Shlomo Halberstam (1847 - 1905) grandson of the Sanzer Rebbe, Chaim Halberstam
* Ben Zion Halberstam (1874 - 1941)
* Shlomo Halberstam (1907 - 2000)
* Naftali Halberstam (1931 - 2005)
* Ben Zion Aryeh Leibish Halberstam, younger son of Shlomo Halberstam
# Mumaičiai, Kėdainiai

Mumaičiai (Russian: Мумайце, Polish: Mamajcie) is a village in Kėdainiai district municipality, in Kaunas County, in central Lithuania. According to the 2011 census, the village had a population of 7 people. It is located 4.5 kilometres (2.8 mi) from Ažytėnai, between the Vinkšupis (a tributary of the Šušvė) and the Srautas (a tributary of the Dotnuvėlė) rivers.

## Demography

| Year | Pop. | ±% p.a. |
| 1902 | 72 | — |
| 1923 | 99 | +1.53% |
| 1959 | 63 | −1.25% |
| 1970 | 38 | −4.49% |
| Year | Pop. | ±% p.a. |
| 1979 | 14 | −10.50% |
| 1989 | 10 | −3.31% |
| 2001 | 10 | +0.00% |
| 2011 | 7 | −3.50% |
Source: 1902, 1923, 1959 & 1970, 1979, 1989, 2001, 2011 :
# Livartzi

Livartzi (Greek: Λιβάρτζι) is a mountain village and a community in the municipal unit of Aroania, Achaea, Greece. The community includes the villages Livadi and Livartzino. Livartzi is situated at 850 m above sea level, in the southeastern foothills of Mount Erymanthos. It is 4 km southwest of Lechouri, 6 km north of Psofida and 21 km southwest of Kalavryta. It is not known when Livartzi was founded, but it existed before the Ottoman rule. In the 19th century, refugees from Mystras settled the area and the population rose to around 3,000 people.

## Population

| Year | Population village | Population community |
| 19th century | around 3,000 | - |
| 1991 | 289 | - |
| 2001 | 303 | 422 |
| 2011 | 164 | 211 |
| 2021 | 118 | 150 |

## People

* Andreas Papagiannakopoulos (1845–1911), politician
# Rudolf Thurneysen

Eduard Rudolf Thurneysen (14 March 1857 – 9 August 1940) was a Swiss linguist and Celticist.

## Biography

Born in Basel, Thurneysen studied classical philology in Basel, Leipzig, Berlin and Paris. His teachers included Ernst Windisch and Heinrich Zimmer. He received his promotion (approximating to a doctorate) in 1879 and his habilitation, in Latin and the Celtic languages, followed at the University of Jena in 1882.
From 1885 to 1887 he taught Latin at Jena, then taking up the Chair of Comparative Philology at the University of Freiburg where he replaced Karl Brugmann, a renowned expert in Indo-European studies.
In 1896, he posited Thurneysen's law, a proposed sound law concerning the alternation of voiced and voiceless fricatives in certain affixes in Gothic; it was later published in 1898.
In 1909 Thurneysen published his Handbuch des Alt-Irischen, translated into English as A Grammar of Old Irish by D. A. Binchy and Osborn Bergin, and still in print as of 2006. A version in Welsh was produced by Melville Richards and published by Gwasg Prifysgol Cymru (University of Wales Press) in 1935 under the title Llawlyfr Hen Wyddeleg. In 1913 he moved to the University of Bonn. It is in this period that Thurneysen has been called the greatest living authority on Old Irish.
He retired in 1923 and died in Bonn in 1940. The Rudolf Thurneysen Memorial Lecture (German: Vortrag in Memoriam Rudolf Thurneysen), given at Bonn, is named in his honour.

## Select bibliography

* Über Herkunft und Bildung der lateinischen Verba auf -io der dritten und vierten Conjugation und über ihr gegenseitiges Verhältniß. Leipzig 1879.
* Keltoromanisches, die keltischen Etymologieen im etymologischen Wörterbuch der romanischen Sprachen von F. Diez. Halle 1884.
* Der Saturnier und sein Verhältniss zum späteren römischen Volksverse. Halle 1885.
* Der Weg vom dactylischen Hexameter zum epischen Zehnsilber der Franzosen. 1887.
* Das Verbum être und die französische Conjugation: Ein Bruchstück aus der Entwicklungsgeschichte der französischen Flexion. Halle 1892.
* Sagen aus dem alten Irland. Berlin 1901.
* Die Etymologie: Eine akademische Rede. Freiburg 1905.
* Handbuch des Alt-Irischen: Grammatik, Texte und Wörterbuch, vol. 1: Grammatik; vol. 2: Texte mit Wörterbuch. Heidelberg 1909.
** A Grammar of Old Irish. Revised and enlarged, with supplement. Translated by D. A. Binchy & Osborn Bergin. Dublin: School of Celtic Studies, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies, 1975 (1st edn. 1946; reprint 2003). ISBN 1-85500-161-6
** Old Irish Reader. Translated by D. A. Binchy & Osborn Bergin. Dublin: Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies, 1949 (reprints 1975, 1981). ISBN 0-901282-32-4
* Die irische Helden- und Königsage bis zum siebzehnten Jahrhundert. Halle 1921.
* Scéla mucce Meic Dathó. Dublin: Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies, 1986 (reprint 2004). ISBN 1-85500-022-9
# Edward Ormerod

Edward Ormerod (2 May 1834 – 26 May 1894) was an English mining engineer.
Edward Ormerod (sometimes Ormrod) was born on 2 May 1834 in the village of Church, near Accrington, in Lancashire, England. He worked as a mining engineer at Fletcher, Burrows and Company's Gibfield Colliery in Atherton, Greater Manchester, where he devised and tested a safety device. He was supported by chief engineering foreman, James Rothwell from Hindley. He married Betsy Hope in 1856 and had several children. He died on 26 May 1894 and is buried in Atherton Cemetery. A small memorial stone in front of his grave depicts and pays tribute to his invention.
Edward Ormerod developed and patented the "Ormerod" safety link or detaching hook, known in mining circles as a "butterfly". This elegant device was inserted into the winding rope in such a way that if the lift cage was accidentally overwound the link would be pulled into a bell through which the winding rope passed. This action would not only disconnect the cage from the winding rope but also prevent the cage from falling back down the shaft. The device was patented in 1867 and is manufactured today. It is believed that the lives of many miners have been saved by its use and it has never failed in service.
The design was awarded a gold medal at the Manchester Mechanical & Industrial exhibition of 1875 and a silver medal at the Franco British Exhibition in 1908.
# Chryso, Evrytania

Chryso (Greek: Χρύσω) is a village and a community in the municipal unit of Viniani in Evrytania, Greece. It is located in the Agrafa mountains, near the Tourla rapids. The community includes the village Agios Konstantinos. Its elevation is approximately 720 metres (2,362 ft). Chryso is located 6 km north of Viniani and 17 km northwest of Karpenisi. The dominant vegetation around Chryso is fir trees. There are many springs near the village, that feed the village water mill. Not many old buildings have been preserved in Chryso, because the village was burned in 1942 by the Italian occupiers and an earthquake in 1966 destroyed many of the remaining buildings. There are three old churches and two 15th century stone bridges over the small river called Chrysiotis.

## Historical population

| Year | Population village | Population community |
| 1981 | 114 | - |
| 1991 | 83 | - |
| 2001 | 121 | 146 |
| 2011 | 42 | 49 |
| 2021 | 45 | 50 |
# Lithuanian Russian Union

The Lithuanian Russian Union (Lithuanian: Lietuvos rusų sąjunga, LRS; Russian: Союз русских Литвы Soyuz russkikh Litvy) was a political party in Lithuania that represented Russians in Lithuania.
In 2007, the party formed an alliance with the Electoral Action of Poles in Lithuania, which represents Lithuania's Poles. In 2021, the party was dissolved.
# Sibirtsevo

44°26′N 132°44′E﻿ / ﻿44.433°N 132.733°E﻿ / 44.433; 132.733
Sibirtsevo (Russian: Сиби́рцево) is an urban locality in Chernigovsky District of Primorsky Krai, Russia.

## History

Originally named Manzovka (Манзовка), Sibirtsevo was renamed after Vsevolod Sibirtsev, Sergey Lazo's companion in arms, in 1972.
Sibirtsevo's population was 8,735 (2010 Census); 9,451 (2002 Census); 11,697 (1989 Soviet census).

## Transportation

Sibirtsevo is a large railway station on the Trans-Siberian Railway.
# Medal for the Greco-Bulgarian War

The Medal for the Greco-Bulgarian War (Greek: Μετάλλιο Ελληνοβουλγαρικού Πολέμου) is a campaign medal of Greece for participation in the Second Balkan War.

## Description

The medal was established alongside the similar Medal for the Greco-Turkish War of 1912–1913 by the Royal Decree of 17 February 1914.
It comprised a single class, with a round bronze medal bearing on the obverse a bust of King Constantine I of Greece, surrounded by the inscription ΚΩΝΣΤΑΝΤΙΝΟΣ ΒΑΣΙΛΕΥΣ ΤΩΝ ΕΛΛΗΝΩΝ 1913 ('Constantine, King of the Hellenes, 1913'), and on the reverse a bust of the Byzantine emperor Basil II the Bulgar Slayer with the inscription ΒΑΣΙΛΕΙΟΣ Β′ 976–1025 ('Basil II, 976–1025') in Byzantine-style letters. Following the National Schism, soldiers of the Provisional Government of National Defence, that was set up in opposition to King Constantine, wore the latter side as the obverse.
The ribbon of the medal is 3.2 centimeters wide, blue edged with white stripes, and a thin green stripe in the middle. A version for non-military personnel, who rendered services to the Greek military, was also instituted, with blue and white reversed.

## Award terms

The period for which the medal was awarded was defined as 20 February – 26 July 1913. In addition, four battle clasps were authorized for the medal for specific battles and operations:
* Kilkis-Lachanas, for the opening period of the war, from 16–21 June 1913, as well as clashes in the Mount Pangaion area before the formal outbreak of hostilities, as far back as 20 February
* Beles, for the Greek advance northwards, from 22–27 June 1913
* Kresna-Djumaya, for the final battles of the war in the Kresna Gorge area, from 6–17 July 1913
* Nevrokopion, for all operations east of the River Strymon
An additional clasp for Macedonia-Thrace was later added to cover landing operations on the Aegean coast during the war. In addition, there were special clasps, for those wounded in action, featuring two crossed swords, and for those killed in action, featuring a Greek cross. Only military personnel directly involved in combat was liable for the award of a clasp. Awardees of the non-military version, as well as military personnel that served only in the rear services, military staffs, hospitals, etc. did not have the right to a clasp. The bars were worn by chronological order, with the first on top.
# Polish Federation of Engineering Associations

The Polish Federation of Engineering Associations (Polish: Naczelna Organizacja Techniczna (NOT)), translated interchangeably as: the Polish Chief, Main or Central Technical Organization; also known as Federacja Stowarzyszeń Naukowo–Technicznych (FSNT) in Polish, is the biggest Polish association representing professional engineers and technicians with 110,000 members and 49 regional branches (Engineering Associations) across the country. Its headquarters have been in Warsaw since 1905.
A similar organization was founded in 1835 in Paris, France as the Polish Polytechnical Society, during the military Partitions of Poland by foreign powers. Since 1905 the association of Polish engineers has had a permanent office in Warsaw at Dom Technika located at ul. Czackiego 3/5. After World War II, the organization was re-activated on the initiative of Bolesław Rumiński in already liberated Warsaw on December 12, 1945. It was commonly known as NOT in Communist Poland, and renamed after the Revolutions of 1989 as the NOT Federation (Federacja Stowarzyszeń Naukowo-Technicznych – NOT). Since June 28, 2005 it had been called the Federation of Engineering Associations of Poland (Federacja Stowarzyszeń Naukowo-Technicznych w Polsce).

## Szkieletor controversy

In the Edward Gierek decade in Communist Poland, the Naczelna Organizacja Techniczna NOT began the construction of the 92-metre (24-floor) high-rise building known as the NOT Tower in Kraków. It was intended to provide a large amount of office space. The concrete shell was erected in 1975, but the building was never finished, because of economic constraints and political unrest leading to the imposition of martial law in Poland in 1981. In time, due to the unfinished (and blackening) building's resemblance to a skeleton, it was nicknamed "Szkieletor" by the people of Kraków after Skeletor, the arch-villain in He-Man and the Masters of the Universe, a cartoon popular in Poland at that time.
For years the structure remained the biggest eyesore in the Kraków skyline, reportedly named by the editors of Huffington Post as one of the top-ten "post-apocalyptic" (i.e. abandoned and deserted) buildings in the world. The "NOT Tower" has since 2005 been owned by TreiMorfa Project, who have expressed interest in renovating it. Apparently, its controlled demolition suggested earlier by the British firm Medinbrand Ltd. has been rejected by the Magistrate after further inspections, due to its structural stability. More recently, in December 2011 the heated debate about its possible future, based on brand new plans by TreiMorfa, has been cut short by the local courts for legal reasons. Those most disappointed, it seems, are the average citizens.
# La Chapelle-aux-Saints

La Chapelle-aux-Saints (French pronunciation:; Occitan: La Chapela daus Sents) is a commune in the Corrèze department in central France.

## History
### Neanderthal skeleton

The La Chapelle-aux-Saints cave, bordering the Sourdoire valley, revealed many archeological artifacts belonging to the late Mousterian techno-complex, including the first ever recognized Neanderthal burial discovered on 3 August 1908. Jean and Amédée Bouyssonie, as well as L. Bardon, led archaeological digs in the cave from 1905 to 1908, discovering over 1,000 pieces of stone industry (mainly flint), bones of different fauna including reindeer, bovid, horse, fox, wolf and even a rhinoceros’ tooth. The most spectacular discovery was that of a very well preserved skeleton of an adult Neanderthal man who appears to have been intentionally buried in a rectangular pit 30 centimetres (12 in) deep, 1.45 metres (4.8 ft) long and 1 metre (3.3 ft) wide.
This discovery led to a controversy for the existence of burials during the Mousterian. Arguments for the existence of a tomb were the sleeping position of the body, and the funeral "gifts" associated with the pit like stone tools and animal bones. Some archaeologists believe the Chapelle-aux-Saints cave wasn't used as a habitat, but a place for funeral feasts.

### Modern period

During the French Revolution, the commune changed its name to La Chapelle-aux-Prés following a decree from the National Convention.
# Beloved Augustin (1940 film)

Beloved Augustin (German: Der liebe Augustin) is a 1940 historical drama film directed by E. W. Emo and starring Paul Hörbiger, Michael Bohnen, and Hilde Weissner.
The film's sets were designed by the art directors Karl Haacker and Karl Weber. It was shot on location in Vienna.

## Cast

* Paul Hörbiger as Beloved Augustin, a minstrel
* Michael Bohnen as the Emperor
* Auguste Pünkösdy as the Empress
* Hilde Weissner as Marquise de Valais, a friend of the imperial family
* Hans Unterkircher as Marquis de Valais, her husband
* Rudolf Prack as Podl Schauerhuber, a musician
* Franz Böheim as Wastl, a musician
* Erich Nikowitz as Martl, a musician
* Richard Romanowsky as Thomas Wolfsgruber
* Maria Andergas as Mariandl, his niece
* Anton Pointner as Count Sinzendorf, the Lord Chamberlain
* Richard Eybner as Count Trautenberg
* Karl Ehmann
# Starotumbagushevo

Starotumbagushevo (Russian: Старотумбагушево; Bashkir: Иҫке Томбағош, İśke Tombağoş) is a rural locality (a village) and the administrative centre of Starotumbagushevsky Selsoviet, Sharansky District, Bashkortostan, Russia. The population was 289 as of 2010. There are 4 streets.

## Geography

Starotumbagushevo is located 9 km north of Sharan (the district's administrative centre) by road. Novotumbagushevo is the nearest rural locality.
# Brussels Elementary High School

Brussels Elementary High School, also known as Brussels Unit School, and formerly Brussels American School (BAS), is an elementary through high school of the Department of Defense Education Activity (DoDEA).
It opened in October 1967. It is located near Brussels, Belgium on a 17-acre (69,000 m$^2$) area in Sterrebeek, part of the municipality of Zaventem, Flemish Brabant.
The school serves as a DoDDS school for all US military and DOD civilian sponsor dependents, who are allowed to enroll their children tuition free. Non-DOD persons, including U.S., Belgian, and other citizens, are required to pay tuition. It celebrated its fortieth anniversary in late 2007. It also takes European students from Partnership for Peace (PfP) countries of NATO, to include Macedonia, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia etc. Its proximity to NATO (North Atlantic Treaty Organization) helps serve as an opportunity for American children to enroll in a school taught to familiarize them with the American school system.

## Student body

The school has thirty-six faculty members, many of whom have been at Brussels American School for more than fourteen years. The student body holds, on average, three hundred students K-12, and approximately one hundred students in its high school. With so few students, BAS changed from Division Three to Division Four in the year 2006. In the year 2009-2010 the DODDSE schools combined Divisions 3 and 4; therefore, making Brussels American School division 3 again. Of all the DoDDS schools, Brussels American School holds the highest percentage of students who graduate, highest average AP & SAT scores, and highest acceptance rate to the Service Academies, with two of the fourteen people in the senior class of 2016 going to the U.S. Air Force Academy and U.S. Coast Guard Academy. A prime example of this is the AP Chemistry class of 2009, where seven of the eight students achieved fives on the AP exam.
# Belozorovo

Belozorovo (Russian: Белозорово) is a rural locality (a selo) in Alexeyevsky District, Belgorod Oblast, Russia. The population was 199 as of 2010. There are 2 streets.

## Geography

Belozorovo is located 29 km south of Alexeyevka (the district's administrative centre) by road. Kovalevo is the nearest rural locality.
# Kukhtym (railway station settlement)

Kukhtym (Russian: Кухтым) is a rural locality (a settlement) in Dobryansky District, Perm Krai, Russia. The population was 85 as of 2010. There are 5 streets.
# Émilie Fournel

Émilie Fournel (born October 26, 1986) is a Canadian sprint kayaker who has competed since the late 2000s. She won a bronze medal in the K-1 4 x 200 m event at the 2009 ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships in Dartmouth, and in the K-1 5000 m at the 2015 ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships.
Fournel competed in the K-4 500 m event at the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing, but was eliminated in the semifinals, and the K-1 200 m and 500 m at the 2012 Summer Olympics.
Her father, Jean Fournel, competed for Canada in sprint canoe at the 1976 Summer Olympics in Montreal. Her brother Hugues Fournel also competed at the 2012 Summer Olympics in the Men's K-2 200 metres with Ryan Cochrane.
In July 2016, she was officially named to Canada's Olympic team.
# Kapanga alta

Kapanga alta is a species of Hahniidae spider endemic to New Zealand.

## Taxonomy

This species was described in 1970 by Ray Forster from a female specimen. The holotype is stored in Te Papa Museum under registration number AS.000003.

## Description

The female is recorded at 2.25mm in length. The carapace is pale brown with markings dorsally. The abdomen is pale brown with faint markings dorsally.

## Distribution

This species is only known from Fiordland, New Zealand.

## Conservation status

Under the New Zealand Threat Classification System, this species is listed as "Data Deficient" with the qualifiers of "Data Poor: Size", "Data Poor: Trend" and "One Location".
# Icarius

In Greek mythology, there were two people named Icarius (/ɪˈkɛəriəs/; Ancient Greek: Ἰκάριος Ikários).
* Icarius, a Spartan prince, son of Perieres.
* Icarius, an Athenian who received Dionysus.