OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Sigurd Frisvold

Sigurd Frisvold (5 July 1947 – 29 November 2022) was a Norwegian general who served as Chief of Defence of Norway from 30 April 1999 until 1 April 2005.
Frisvold was born in Kristiansund. He was educated in the Norwegian army, in addition to cand.mag.-degrees in history, political science and social studies.
Having served as head of Forsvarskommando Sør-Norge (the Southern Norway Defence Command) Frisvold succeeded Arne Solli as Chief of Defence of Norway on 30 April 1999. During his leadership period the armed forces underwent major reorganization and closure of units and camps, as well as introduction of some new administrative measures, including the introduction of Regional Support Function (Norwegian: Regional støttefunksjon, RSF) and Horizontal Trade (Norwegian: Horisontal samhandel).
On 10 December 2004, Frisvold announced that he would be resigning of his own volition as Chief of Defence after he had been on sick leave several times the last year. On the same day Sverre Diesen was appointed his successor, and Diesen took over on 1 April 2005.
Frisvold died on 29 November 2022, at the age of 75.

## Awards

Frisvold was the holder of a number of Norwegian and foreign orders and decorations:
* Multinational Force and Observer Medal 1984
* Norwegian Defense Medal 1992
* Norwegian Defense Medal with Laurel Branch 1996
* Commander with Star of the Royal Norwegian Order of St. Olav 2000
* Commander Grand Cross of the Order of the Lion of Finland 2000
* Commanders of the Order of Merit of the Republic of Poland 2001
* Grand Officer of the French Ordre national du Mérite 2002
* Commander Grand Cross of the Swedish Order of the Polar Star 2003
* Estonian 1st Class Military Order of the Cross of the Eagle 2004
Frisvold was also a fellow of the Norwegian Academy of Technological Sciences.
# Ayyub, Iran

Ayyub (Persian: ايوب, also Romanized as Ayyūb) is a village in Tilakuh Rural District, Ziviyeh District, Saqqez County, Kurdistan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 195, in 39 families. The village is populated by Kurds.
# Upsete Station

Upsete Station (Norwegian: Upsete stasjon) is a railway station on the Bergen Line located at Upsete in Aurland, Norway. The station is served by the Bergen Commuter Rail, operated by Vy Tog, with up to five daily departures in each direction. The station was opened in 1908 as part of the Bergen Line. The surrounding area is dominantly recreational, with many cabins.
# Simon Abeles

Simon Abeles (1681 – 21 February 1694) was a Prague Jewish boy who died under unclear circumstances in the age of twelve. His Christian contemporaries put Simon's death in context of his desire to be baptized and was considered a religiously motivated murder.

## Life and death

Simon Abeles was born in a prominent Prague Jewish family. His father Lazar Abeles was a merchant. Simon's grandfather Moyses ben David Bunzel Abeles was the mayor of the Jewish Community in Prague.
In the 1690s the Prague Jesuits led an aggressive missionary campaign focused on Jewish children and adolescents, encouraging them to become Christian. In the summer of 1693, 12-year-old Simon Abeles decided to resolve his problematic relations with his father by running away from home to the Jesuits in Clementinum (St. Clement's Jesuit College in the Old Town of Prague) where he learned the basics of the Catholic faith. Later his father took him back home.
The tension continued between the fierce-tempered father and the defiant son, who was often beaten. On 21 February 1694, the boy's severe punishment ended in tragedy. Simon was hit so hard (probably by his relative Löbl Kurtzhandel in presence of Simon's father Lazar) that he fell and broke his neck. The two men tried to cover up the incident by hastily burying the body, but the affair soon came to light as a result of denunciation. The authorities ordered the body exhumed and arrested the boy's father, his third wife Leah and their cook. Lazar hanged himself, from fear of being tortured. Kurtzhandel was arrested and later was the only one to stand trial. There are alternative interpretations of the incident that indicate another conclusion.
The Jesuits sought the boy's beatification. The appellate court of the Kingdom of Bohemia allegedly fabricated a charge of premeditated murder out of hatred for the faith. On 31 March 1694 the boy was buried as a martyr with great pomp in the Church of Our Lady before Týn in Prague. Löbl Kurtzhandel was sentenced to be broken on a wheel. In order to reduce his suffering, however, he agreed to be baptized and before his beheading publicly admitted to the killing (although not to murder).
# Snøhetta

Snøhetta is the highest mountain in the Dovrefjell mountain range in Norway. At 2,286 metres (7,500 ft), it is the highest mountain in Norway outside the Jotunheimen range, making it the 24th highest peak in Norway, based on a 30-metre (98 ft) topographic prominence cutoff. At 1,675 metres (5,495 ft), its topographic prominence is the third highest in Norway.
The mountain is located in the Dovrefjell mountains in northern Innlandet county in Dovre Municipality. The mountain lies inside Dovrefjell-Sunndalsfjella National Park and it is the highest peak in the park. It is surrounded by several other mountains including Brunkollen to the east; Einøvlingseggen to the south; Skredahøin Bruri, Nordre Svånåtinden, and Storstyggesvånåtinden to the southwest; and Store Langvasstinden, Larstinden, and Drugshøi to the west.
The mountain has several peaks:
* Stortoppen is the highest summit at 2,286 metres (7,500 ft).
* Midttoppen is the next highest summit reaching 2,278 metres (7,474 ft) with a topographic prominence of 40 metres (130 ft).
* Hettpiggen is the third highest peak on the mountain reaching 2,261 metres (7,418 ft) with a prominence of 50 metres (160 ft).
* Vesttoppen is the fourth highest peak at an elevation of 2,253 metres (7,392 ft) and a prominence of 70 metres (230 ft).
Vesttoppen and Stortoppen are easily available by hiking or skiing, and traveling from Stortoppen, Midttoppen is easily accessible. Traversing Midttoppen, via Hettpiggen and to Vesttoppen requires climbing with a rope.
On Stortoppen there is a radio link station, originally installed by the Norwegian Army, and now serving primarily civilian purposes. The station and its emergency diesel generator, as well as a nearby helipad, detract somewhat from the aesthetics of the summit. For this reason, many recommend Vesttoppen as a better destination.
A small monument for the Norwegian philosopher, humourist, author and mountaineer Peter Wessel Zapffe is located near the summit of Vesttoppen.
Under good conditions in both summer and winter, the ascent is relatively easy. Common starting points are the DNT-cabins Reinheim, Snøheim, or Åmotdalshytta.

## History

Snøhetta was visited for the first time in 1798 as part of a scientific trip to the area. At that time it was assumed that was the highest summit in Norway, because the Jotunheimen area with its higher peaks was rather inaccessible and unresearched, while Snøhetta is visible from the traditional travel route Oslo-Trondheim across the Dovrefjell mountains. The expression "until the Dovre mountains fall" (Norwegian: "til Dovre faller") was used in the oath sworn during the Norwegian Constituent Assembly in 1814, when Norway formed an independent nation after being in a union with Denmark for hundreds of years.

## Etymology

The name is a compound of the Norwegian word snø which means "snow" and the finite form of hette which means "hood", thus the name is translated as "the mountain with a hood of snow".

## Media gallery

* View from a distance
* Painting of the mountain by Peder Balke
* View of the east side from the E6 highway
* Snøhetta seen from Hjerkinn
* Stortoppen seen from Hettpiggen in summer
# Rabisha

Rabisha (Bulgarian: Рабиша) is a village in north-western Bulgaria, in Vidin Province and Belogradchik municipality.

## Geography

Rabisha village is located 45 kilometers from Vidin and 20 km from Belogradchik. It is also located on Archar river. Its population is about 300 people. The nearest train station is in the town of Dimovo, 11.4 kilometers from Rabisha.
The village is near the Rabisha lake and the 15 million years old Magura cave, which is the largest cave in Bulgaria. There are unique drawings in the cave from primeval people. The drawings are about 5,000 years old. The Rabisha lake is the biggest Bulgarian non-salt lake. There are a lot of fish in it.

## Cultural and nature sights

* The Magura cave, located about 1.5 km north of the village.
* Some of the drawings in the Magura Cave
* Another drawings
* Inside the cave
* Inside the cave
* An old school, built in 1835.
* Rabisha lake - perfect place for fishing.
* Sunset over the lake
* The Rabisha lake
* The Archar river that goes through the village flows into the Danube river.
* Archar river near Rabisha

## Others

There are two protected oak trees near Rabisha. They are over 300 years old, which makes them two of the oldest trees in Vidin region. The trees are tall, about 17 meters.
Near the Magura cave is located Magura Winery which produces high quality wine and champagne.
# Cham Kabud, Lorestan

Cham Kabud (Persian: چم كبود, also Romanized as Cham Kabūd) is a village in Mamulan Rural District, Mamulan District, Pol-e Dokhtar County, Lorestan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 41, in 9 families.
# Gibostad Chapel

Gibostad Chapel (Norwegian: Gibostad kapell) is a chapel of the Church of Norway in Senja Municipality in Troms county, Norway. It is located in the village of Gibostad on the east coast of the island of Senja. It is an annex chapel for the Lenvik parish which is part of the Senja prosti (deanery) in the Diocese of Nord-Hålogaland. The white, wooden chapel was built in a long church style in 1939 as a bygdehus, but in 1982 it was upgraded to an official chapel. The chapel seats about 110 people.
# Rusenski Lom Nature Park

Rusenski Lom Nature Park (Bulgarian: Природен парк Русенски Лом) is a protected area in Ivanovo Municipality, Ruse Province, northern Bulgaria. The park was established on 26 February 1970, in order to protect the canyon of the Rusenski Lom, the last significant right tributary of the Danube. The park covers an area of 3,408 hectares (13.16 sq mi).
The area of the park was settled in the prehistory. Between the 12th and the 14th centuries, during the Second Bulgarian Empire, the area became attractive for monks and several cave monasteries were founded. As a result of this, it became a significant cultural center. After the Ottoman Empire conquered the area, they started to decay. The remains of the monasteries are now a part of the Rock-hewn Churches of Ivanovo World Heritage Site located inside the park.
The canyon is isolated, allowing for the creation of a natural environment which combines features of Mediterranean and Central European fauna and flora. Much of the area is covered by forest.
The nature park is a major tourist attraction. Major activities in the park include visiting the rock-hewn churches, rafting, and visiting caves.
# Halldis Moren Vesaas Prize

The Halldis Moren Vesaas Prize (Norwegian: Halldis Moren Vesaas-prisen) is a Norwegian literary prize which is awarded annually to a Norwegian for lyric or other poetry, which through the quality and magnitude of the work has established a significant voice in Norwegian poetry.
The prize was established by the publisher Olaf Norlis Bokhandel upon Halldis Moren Vesaas' death in 1995. The jury consists of a manager from Norlis, the literary director from another publisher and the current head of the Norwegian Writers' Center. The prize has not been awarded since 2007.

## Winners of the Halldis Moren Vesaas Prize

* 2007 Eldrid Lunden
* 2004 Morten Øen
* 2003 Espen Stueland
* 2002 Torgeir Schjerven
* 2001 Haakon Dahlen
* 2000 Øyvind Berg
* 1999 Georg Johannesen
* 1998 Torild Wardenær
* 1997 Bjørn Aamodt
* 1996 Rune Christiansen
* 1995 Arvid Torgeir Lie

## References and notes

* ↑ Halldis Moren Vesaas (1907—1995) was a Norwegian author, poet and translator.
# Sandviken Hospital

Sandviken Hospital (Norwegian: Sandviken sykehus) is a psychiatric hospital situated in the Sandviken neighborhood of Bergen, Norway. It is part of Bergen Hospital Trust, and is the only secure psychiatric unit within Western Norway Regional Health Authority.

## History

The hospital was established in 1891 as Neevengården Asylum (Neevengården asyl). It changed its name to Neevengården Hospital (Neevengården sykehus) in 1927, and took the current name in 1978. The hospital was constructed and owned by Bergen municipality, but was transferred to Hordaland county in 1972. It had place for 178 patients initially, but by 1955 reached a top of 518 patients. The hospital was in 2002 merged with the Psychiatric clinic of Haukeland University Hospital, and has since then been a part of the Bergen Hospital Trust and owned by the Norwegian state.

## Controversies

After a continuous reduction in the number of rooms/beds, the hospital has since the 2010s had hundreds of cases each year of patients being placed in hospital beds in the hallways.
The hospital has repeatedly received strong criticism from the Norwegian Parliamentary Ombudsman for its extensive use of isolation rooms.
In 2023 the Norwegian Board of Health Supervision found several legal and regulation offences at the hospital's emergency department.
# XPlay

XPlay is a drag and drop application created by Mediafour. This third party program allows for easier access of digital music on an iPod and is not supported by Apple. It is notable for allowing Windows computers to use Mac formatted iPods.
A preview version was released in December 2001, with the first official release on June 24, 2002.
The most recent version of the software, released in 2008, with its final update (Version 3.5.1) having been released in April 2010, is XPlay 3, which could be purchased for $29.95, though it is no longer available. This version integrates an iPod with the Windows operating system, allowing for the iPod to be managed using Windows Media Player, Windows Media Center, iTunes, or XPlay. It also allows the user to drag music, image, and video files from a disk directly onto the iPod.
# Barsukovo, Sharansky District, Republic of Bashkortostan

Barsukovo (Russian: Барсуково; Bashkir: Бурһыҡ, Burhıq) is a rural locality (a selo) in Dyurtyulinsky Selsoviet, Sharansky District, Bashkortostan, Russia. The population was 269 as of 2010. There are 3 streets.

## Geography

Barsukovo is located 17 km west of Sharan (the district's administrative centre) by road. Zirikly is the nearest rural locality.
# Villefloure

Villefloure (French pronunciation: ; Occitan: Vilaflora) is a commune in the Aude department in southern France.
# Cyprus Civil Defence

The Cyprus Civil Defence Force (Greek: Δύναμη Πολιτικής Άμυνας Κύπρου, Turkish: Kıbrıs Sivil Savunma Kuvvetleri) carries out various humanitarian projects intended to protect the civilian population and to help it recover from the immediate effects of hostilities or disasters, as well as to provide the conditions necessary for its survival.

## History

During the establishment of the Republic of Cyprus, there was no organized Civil Defence on the island. Immediately after the Turkish bombings of Tilliria in 1964, the need to create an organized Civil Defence was evident. Thus with the passage of the Law of 1964 by the House of Representatives, a provision was made for the organisation of political forces and defense services, either on voluntary or compulsory basis, the training of citizens in the Civil Defence, on the procurement and storage of supplies and on the construction of shelters.
Provisions were also made for requisitioning, purchase and lease of movable or immovable property. According to the provisions of the Act, the Council of Ministers adopted a regulation passed by the House in 1986 and were subsequently amended with the basis on which the Civil Defense Force was established.
The Law on Civil Defence amended and consolidated in 1996 and then voted on the new Civil Defence (General) Regulations 1997 to strengthen and reorganize the whole system of Civil Defense of the Republic.
# Ponura, Kursk Oblast

Ponura (Russian: Понура) is a rural locality (a khutor) in Ivanchikovsky Selsoviet Rural Settlement, Lgovsky District, Kursk Oblast, Russia. Population: 9 (2010 Census); 8 (2002 Census);

## Geography

The khutor is located on the Kotlevka River at its confluence with the Vablya River (in the basin of the Seym), 64 km from the Russia–Ukraine border, 58 km north-west of Kursk, 14 km north-east of the district center – the town Lgov, 3.5 km from the selsoviet center – Ivanchikovo.

### Climate

Ponura has a warm-summer humid continental climate (Dfb in the Köppen climate classification).

## Transport

Ponura is located 18 km from the road of regional importance 38K-017 (Kursk – Lgov – Rylsk – border with Ukraine) as part of the European route E38, 8 km from the road 38K-023 (Lgov – Konyshyovka), 14 km from the road of intermunicipal significance 38H-362 (38K-017 – Nikolayevka – Shirkovo), 2 km from the road 38H-437 (38K-023 – Olshanka – Marmyzhi – 38N-362), 4 km from the nearest railway halt 565 km (railway line Navlya – Lgov-Kiyevsky).
The rural locality is situated 64 km from Kursk Vostochny Airport, 152 km from Belgorod International Airport and 266 km from Voronezh Peter the Great Airport.
# Julien Durand (footballer)

Julien Durand (born 15 March 1983) is a French association footballer who is currently a fitness coach and occasional player for Stade Bordelais. He plays as a midfielder or forward.

## Career

Durand made his debut for Etoile FC in the 2–0 win over Geylang United on the 17 February 2011. He then went on to join Gombak United in the S.League in the first transfer window of the season in 2012.
Durand joined French amateur side Jeunesse Villenave as fitness coach in July 2014. In 2016 Durand he moved to French Championnat de France Amateur 2 side Stade Bordelais, again primarily as fitness coach, although he was registered as a player for the match against Nice reserves in Championnat National 2 on 27 January 2018.
# Kamenianoi

Kamenianoi (Greek: Καμενιάνοι) is a mountain village and a community in the municipal unit of Aroania, Achaea, Greece. The community includes the village Drovolovo. It is situated in the eastern foothills of Mount Erymanthos. Kamenianoi is 2 km west of Desino, 4 km southeast of Lechouri and 17 km southwest of Kalavryta.

## Population

| Year | Population |
| 1981 | 141 |
| 1991 | 102 |
| 2001 | 79 |
| 2011 | 85 |
| 2021 | 62 |

## History

The name comes from the multitude of furnaces that existed here in the past. According to a myth, Hercules caught the Erymanthian Boar in the area called Kaprivaina.
# Atr Afshan

Atr Afshan (Persian: عطرافشان, also Romanized as ‘Aţr Afshān) is a village in Tudeshk Rural District, Kuhpayeh District, Isfahan County, Isfahan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 20, in 9 families.
# Ann Beckett

Ann Beckett (5 February 1927 – 2002) was an Irish pioneer of occupational therapy, a sister of John Beckett (an Irish musician, composer and conductor) and Peter Beckett (a pioneering figure in Irish psychiatry). She was a cousin of the famous writer and playwright Samuel Beckett.

## Early life

Ann and her twin brother John were born in Sandymount, Dublin to Gerald and Peggy Beckett. Gerald, brother of Bill Beckett (Samuel Beckett’s father), studied medicine at Trinity College Dublin and became County Medical Officer for Wicklow. When she was ten years old she got an infection in her leg which caused a lot of pain and which required surgical intervention. At 14 her lower leg was amputated.

## Family

Ann's father Gerald Beckett was capped for Irish rugby and water polo; captained a golf club, swam and played the piano. Her twin brother John later became musician, composer and conductor in the realm of early music and was best known in Ireland for his direction of the famous series of Bach Cantatas, performed during February in St Ann's Church, Dawson Street, Dublin, which began in 1973 and lasted for ten years. Ann's older brother Peter Beckett became the first Professor of Psychiatry and later the Dean of Medicine in Trinity College, Dublin.

## Training and career

She commenced training in Dorset House School of Occupational Therapy in Bromsgrove, Worcestershire in 1945, graduated in 1948 and returned to Ireland where she organized an interview with the then Minister for Health Noel Browne to discuss the possibilities for Occupational Therapy in the health care system. Due to the untrained ex-patients, nurses and craft people claiming the role the Minister could not see any openings for professional occupational therapists. She got a position with the Irish branch of the British Red Cross becoming the first professionally qualified occupational therapist employed in Ireland. Ann pioneered the profession in Ireland, establishing Occupational Therapy Departments in Cherry Orchard Hospital, Dublin in 1954 and in the Central Remedial Clinic in Dublin in 1956. Ann Beckett is one of the founding members of the Association of Occupational Therapists of Ireland. In later years Ann taught in St Joseph’s College of Occupational Therapy, Dun Laoighre.

## Legacy

On Ann Beckett’s death in 2002 she willed money to the Association of Occupational Therapists of Ireland, which resulted in her colleagues and friends setting up the Ann Beckett Award Committee, a sub-committee of the AOTI. The purpose of this committee is to celebrate her life and work and to showcase interventions that demonstrate the core principals of Occupational Therapy. This annual award has been presented each year since 2004 at the AOTI annual conference and is the most prestigious award given in Occupational Therapy in Ireland.
# Moncla

Moncla (French pronunciation:; Occitan: Montclar) is a commune in the Pyrénées-Atlantiques department in south-western France.
# Achaion Limen

Achaion Limen (Ancient Greek: Ἀχαιῶν λιμήν) was a port town of ancient Aeolis.
Its site is located near Haci Ahmet Ağa, Asiatic Turkey.
# Khaneh Miran, Kurdistan

Khaneh Miran (Persian: خانه‌ميران, also Romanized as Khāneh Mīrān; also known as Khān-e Amīrān) is a village in Emam Rural District, Ziviyeh District, Saqqez County, Kurdistan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 312, in 68 families. The village is populated by Kurds.
# Saint-Adjutory

Saint-Adjutory (French pronunciation:; Occitan: Sent Aitòre) is a commune in the Charente department in southwestern France.
# Princess Kuniko

Princess Kuniko (邦子内親王; 1209 – 26, September 1283), also known as Princess Hoshi and Ankamon-in, was an Empress of Japan during the Kamakura period. She was empress as the honorary mother (准母; junbo) of her brother, Emperor Go-Horikawa.

## Biography

She was the daughter of Imperial Prince Morisada (守貞親王; 1179–1223) and Kitashirakawa-in, and thus granddaughter of Emperor Takakura.
In 1221, her brother Emperor Go-Horikawa became Emperor, and she was named his Honorary Empress.
She also acted as the surrogate mother of Emperor Kameyama.
She became a nun in 1235.
# Uzan, Pyrénées-Atlantiques

Uzan (French pronunciation:; Occitan: Usan) is a commune in the Pyrénées-Atlantiques department and Nouvelle-Aquitaine region of south-western France.