OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Lincoln Borglum

James Lincoln de la Mothe Borglum (April 9, 1912 – January 27, 1986) was an American sculptor, photographer, author and engineer; he was best known for overseeing the completion of the Mount Rushmore after the death of the project's leader, his father, Gutzon Borglum, in 1941. One of his best-known works, a bust of his father, is on display outside the Lincoln Borglum Visitors Center at Mount Rushmore.

## Life and career

Named after his father's favorite president, Abraham Lincoln, and called by his middle name, Lincoln Borglum was the first child of Gutzon Borglum and his second wife, Mary Montgomery Williams (1874–1955). During his youth, Lincoln accompanied his father to the Black Hills of South Dakota and was present when the site for the Mount Rushmore monument was selected. Although he had originally planned to study engineering at the University of Virginia, Lincoln Borglum began work on the monument in 1933 at the age of 21 as an unpaid pointer.
He quickly moved into a series of more important jobs. He was put on the payroll in 1934, promoted to assistant sculptor in 1937, and promoted to superintendent in 1938 with an annual salary of $4,800.
Gutzon Borglum had nearly completed the 60-foot heads of the four presidents (Washington, Jefferson, Lincoln and T. Roosevelt) when he died on March 6, 1941. Lincoln Borglum had to abandon his father's ambitious plans to carry the work down to include the torsos of the presidents and an entablature due to a lack of funding; he left the monument largely in the state of completion it had reached under his father's direction.
Borglum was appointed Mount Rushmore National Memorial's first superintendent and began work on October 1, 1941. The work on the monument officially stopped on October 31, 1941. He served in that capacity until May 15, 1944.
Borglum continued to work as a sculptor after leaving Mount Rushmore. He created several religious works for churches in Texas, including the well-known shrine Our Lady of Loreto in Goliad. He also wrote three books about the sculpting of Mount Rushmore.
Borglum was a member of Battle River Masonic Lodge No. 92 in Hermosa, South Dakota. Like many of the men who worked on the Rushmore project, Borglum's lungs were permanently scarred from breathing in granite dust associated with the blasting. He died in Corpus Christi, Texas, at the age of 73.

## Selected works

* My Father's Mountain (1965)
* Borglum's Unfinished Dream (co-written with June Culp Zeitner, 1976)
* Mount Rushmore: The Story Behind the Scenery (1977)
# LSV

LSV may refer to:

## Organisations

* LSV Asset Management, an American quantitative investment management firm
* LSV (society), University of Missouri
* League of Social Democrats of Vojvodina (Liga socijaldemokrata Vojvodine), a political party in Serbia

## Transport

* Low Speed Vehicle
* Light Strike Vehicle, a US military vehicle
* Mahindra Armored Light Specialist Vehicle, an Indian 4x4 military vehicle
* Limited Systems Vehicle, a class of fictional artificially intelligent starship in The Culture universe of late Scottish author Iain Banks
* Saker LSV, a British military vehicle
* A US Navy hull classification symbol: Vehicle landing ship (LSV)
* Logistics Support Vessel, U.S. Army watercraft class
* Nellis Air Force Base (IATA: LSV)

## Other

* Luis Scott-Vargas, a professional Magic: The Gathering player
* Literal Standard Version, a 2020 Bible translation
* Venezuelan Sign Language (Spanish: Lengua de señas venezolana)
# Posht-e Gar, Kerman

Posht-e Gar (Persian: پشت گر) is a village in Meymand Rural District, in the Central District of Shahr-e Babak County, Kerman Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 7, in 4 families.
# Narimanovo

Narimanovo (Russian: Нариманово) is a rural locality (a selo) in Kalininsky Selsoviet of Volodarsky District, Astrakhan Oblast, Russia. The population was 123 as of 2010.

## Geography

Narimanovo is located on the Karabuzan River, 33 kilometres (21 mi) east of Volodarsky (the district's administrative centre) by road. Kalinino is the nearest rural locality.
# Norske Intelligenz-Seddeler

Norske Intelligenz-Seddeler is a former Norwegian newspaper issued in Oslo from 1763 to 1920. It was the first newspaper in Norway, and its first issue came out on 25 May 1763.
The founder and first publisher of Norske Intelligenz-Seddeler was printer Samuel Conrad Schwach, who edited the newspaper until he died in 1781. In the beginning, the publication was a weekly magazine. Its content was mainly advertisements and entertaining articles. The newspaper was called Christiania Intelligenssedler from 1807 to 1893. Beginning in 1814, it started covering political events by publishing articles from various contributors. Starting in 1830, it became a daily publication.
The publication was bought by the orphanage Christiania Opfostringshus in 1815. This institution was given special privileges by the government in 1816 related to printing official notices. Announcements regarding the city of Christiania were not paid for, but other notices became an important source of income over the years. Among the editors of the newspaper were teacher Anton Schjøth from 1834 to 1857, educator and writer Siegwart Petersen from 1861 to 1878, and literary historian Hartvig Lassen from 1880 to 1883. The privileges on official notices ended in 1882, when the official Norsk Kundgjørelsestidende took over these tasks, and Norske Intelligenz-Seddeler started focusing more on its role as a newspaper. From 1890 to 1918, it was published and edited by jurist Hjalmar Løken. During his period, it was an independent political newspaper which supported the Liberal Party and played a significant role in the political debate. In 1920, the newspaper was acquired by Verdens Gang.
# Tønjum Church

Tønjum Church (Norwegian: Tønjum kyrkje) is a parish church of the Church of Norway in Lærdal Municipality in Vestland county, Norway. It is located in the village of Tønjum. It is the church for the Tønjum parish which is part of the Sogn prosti (deanery) in the Diocese of Bjørgvin. The red, wooden church was built in a cruciform design in 1832 using plans drawn up by an unknown architect. The church seats about 175 people.

## History

The earliest existing historical records of the church date back to the year 1305, but the church was not new that year. The first church was likely a wooden stave church that was built during the early 1200s. The nave of the old church measured 10.7 by 8.1 metres (35 ft × 27 ft) with a choir that was 6.9 by 4.4 metres (23 ft × 14 ft). The church had a tower on the west end. It is said that the old stave church looked very similar to the Borgund Stave Church.
In 1814, this church served as an election church (Norwegian: valgkirke). Together with more than 300 other parish churches across Norway, it was a polling station for elections to the 1814 Norwegian Constituent Assembly which wrote the Constitution of Norway. This was Norway's first national elections. Each church parish was a constituency that elected people called "electors" who later met together in each county to elect the representatives for the assembly that was to meet in Eidsvoll later that year.
On 12 January 1823, the old church was heavily damaged by the wind during a big winter storm and it had to be torn down. Soon after, there was some controversy about where to build the replacement church. The parish priest, Ludvig Daae, wanted to merge the Hauge Church parish and the Tønjum Church parish and build a new common church for both Tønjum and Hauge somewhere between the two historic church sites which were only about 3 kilometres (1.9 mi) apart. The local population, however, was firmly against this plan. They wanted a new church built at Tønjum and they wanted the old Hauge Church moved further away and rebuilt in the village of Lærdalsøyri. This situation did not resolve until after Daae's death in 1831 when the local people got their wish to rebuild at Tønjum. Not much is known about the architect of the church, but it was supposedly a man named Tøger from Hatlo. Some of the materials from the old church were reused in the new church. The new church was consecrated on 30 September 1832 by Bishop Jacob Neumann.
# Zadonsky District

Zadonsky District (Russian: Задо́нский райо́н) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the eighteen in Lipetsk Oblast, Russia. It is located in the southern central part of the oblast. The area of the district is 1,503 square kilometers (580 sq mi). Its administrative center is the town of Zadonsk. Population: 34,408 (2021 Census); 34,959 (2010 Census); 37,244 (2002 Census); 39,281 (1989 Soviet census). The population of Zadonsk accounts for 28.7% of the district's total population.
# Belimel

Belimel (Bulgarian: Белимел) is a village in northwestern Bulgaria, part of Chiprovtsi Municipality, Montana Province.
Belimel Bay in Trinity Island, Antarctica is named after Belimel.
# Pherendates

Pherendates (Old Persian: *Farnadātaʰ; Ancient Greek: Φερενδάτης Pherendā́tēs) was an Achaemenid satrap of ancient Egypt in the early 5th century BCE, at the time of the Achaemenid 27th Dynasty of Egypt.

## Career

A son of Megabazus, and an army commander under king Darius I, Pherendates is mainly attested from three letters written in Egyptian Demotic. He replaced the satrap Aryandes who was deposed by Darius around 496 BCE; although the exact accession date of Pherendates is unknown. Pherendates was definitely the satrap in 492 BCE.
In the aforementioned letters, certain priests of the local temple of Khnum at Elephantine asked Pherendates to take care of some of their business in their place, a rather standard request to the pharaoh (or his representative, such as in this case) in any period of ancient Egyptian history.
In 486–485 BCE a revolt occurred in Egypt, which was quelled in 484 BCE by a new satrap, Achaemenes. It is possible that Pherendates lost his life during the turmoil.
# Edward Bishop, Baron Bishopston

Edward Stanley Bishop, Baron Bishopston, PC (3 October 1920 – 19 April 1984) was a British Labour Party politician.
Born in Bristol, Bishop was educated at South Bristol Central School, Merchant Venturers' Technical College and Bristol University. He was an aeronautical design draughtsman. He contested Bristol West in 1950, Exeter in 1951 and South Gloucestershire in 1955.
Bishop was Member of Parliament for Newark from 1964 to 1979, when he lost the seat to the Conservative Richard Alexander. Bishop was an assistant government whip from 1966 to 1967, Second Church Estates Commissioner from 18 April–30 November 1974, and Minister for Agriculture, Fisheries and Food from 1974 to 1979. He was sworn of the Privy Council of the United Kingdom in 1977.
After he lost his seat, he was created a life peer as Baron Bishopston, of Newark in the County of Nottinghamshire on 21 May 1981.
Lord Bishopston died in Devon aged 63.

## Personal life

He was married to Winifred and had four daughters: Anne, Mary, Frances and Ursula.
# Komsomolsky, Republic of Dagestan

Komsomolsky (Russian: Комсомо́льский) is an urban locality (an urban-type settlement) under the administrative jurisdiction of the Town of Kizlyar in the Republic of Dagestan, Russia. As of the 2010 Census, its population was 2,723.

## History

Urban-type settlement status was granted to Komsomolsky in 1962.

## Administrative and municipal status

Within the framework of administrative divisions, the urban-type settlement of Komsomolsky is in jurisdiction of the Town of Kizlyar. Within the framework of municipal divisions, Komsomolsky is a part of Kizlyar Urban Okrug.
# Herøya Church

Herøya Church (Norwegian: Herøya kirke) is a parish church of the Church of Norway in Porsgrunn Municipality in Telemark county, Norway. It is located on Herøya in the town of Porsgrunn. It is one of the churches for the Eidanger parish which is part of the Skien prosti (deanery) in the Diocese of Agder og Telemark. The brick church was built in a rectangular design in 1957 using plans drawn up by the architects Helge Abrahamsen and Hans Grinde. The church seats about 430 people, but can hold up to 700 people if the movable walls are changed to maximize seating in the main room.

## History

In 1928, Norsk Hydro opened a factory on Herøya and as part of the design of the area, the company including a place for a new church as part of the residential areas surrounding the factory. After World War II, there was a push to get the church built on Herøya. Norsk Hydro donated land for the church and contributed money towards the construction costs. The church was designed by Helge Abrahamsen and Hans Grinde. The new church was consecrated on 27 August 1957 by Bishop Johannes Smidt. The church is a modern design, built out of brick and concrete, and covered with white plaster on the outside. There is a free-standing bell tower near the main entrance to the church. The church was restored in 1988 and 1992.
# Baby Bunny Smith

Helen "Baby Bunny" Smith (1888–1951) was an American sideshow performer. She made her living traveling with sideshows in the early 20th century billed as a circus fat lady.
Smith was born in 1888. Despite a normal childhood, she became very heavy during grammar school. She left school and took a job as a sideshow performer at the age of 13. Her weight ballooned to as much as 689 lb (313 kg). She was billed as "Baby Bunny Smith" during her sideshow career and settled at Coney Island. She met her husband, 58 pounds (26 kg) Peter Robinson, a fellow sideshow performer known and billed as "the human skeleton", in the cult film classic Freaks. They had two children.
# Ariassus

Ariassus or Ariassos (Ancient Greek: Ἀριασσός) was a town in Pisidia, Asia Minor built on a steep hillside about 50 kilometres inland from Attaleia (modern Antalya).

## History

The town was founded in the Hellenistic period in the 3rd century BC. It was mentioned (as Aarassos) in about 100 BC by Artemidorus Ephesius, who was quoted by Strabo a century later. The only further mentions are by Ptolemy in the 2nd century AD and in lists of Christian dioceses (Notitiae Episcopatuum).
It was part of Pisidia and belonged originally to the Seleucid Empire. In 189 BC it passed to the Hellenistic kingdom of Pergamum, the last king of which, Attalus III left his kingdom to Rome in 133 BC.
Under Octavian Augustus, Ariassos was made part of the Roman province of Galatia. In the ecclesiastical lists it appears in the late Roman province of Pamphylia Secunda, whose capital was Perge, hence also its bishopric's Metropolitan.

### Remains

Coins minted at Ariassos are extant.
The ruins are mainly of Roman and Byzantine times, with few remains of the earlier Hellenistic period. The best preserved is that of the 3rd-century-AD triple-arched city entrance once surmounted by four statues. Other buildings include an extensive nymphaeum and baths, as well as a large domestic area. There is an abundance of funerary monuments.

## Bishopric

The names of three bishops of the see of Ariassus are known: Pammenius (at the First Council of Constantinople in 381); Theophilus (at the Council of Chalcedon in 451); and Ioannes (signatory of a joint letter of the bishops of the province to Emperor Leo I the Thracian in 458).

### Titular see

No longer a residential bishopric, Ariassus is today listed by the Catholic Church as a titular see.
Nominally restored as a Latin titular bishopric in 1911, it is vacant, having had the following incumbents, all of the lowest (Episcopal) rank :
* Jules-Joseph Moury, Society of African Missions (S.M.A.) (1911.01.17 – 1935.03.29)
* Leoncio Fernández Galilea, Claretians (C.M.F.) (1935.06.18 – 1957.02.15)
* Jean Fryns, C.S.Sp. (1957.04.12 – 1959.11.10)
* Cesar Gerardo Vielmo Guerra, Servites (O.S.M.) (1959.12.19 – 1963.06.16)
* Ignacio María de Orbegozo y Goicoechea (1963.10.29 – 1968.04.26)
# Balanstra Glacier

Balanstra Glacier (Bulgarian: ледник Баланстра, romanized: lednik Balanstra, IPA:) is the 12 km long and 4 km wide glacier on Brabant Island in the Palmer Archipelago, Antarctica situated northeast of Hippocrates Glacier and southwest of Mackenzie Glacier. It drains the southeast slopes of Stribog Mountains, flows east-southeastwards and enters Pampa Passage south of Momino Point and north of Pinel Point.
The glacier is named after the ancient Roman station of Balanstra in Western Bulgaria.

## Location

Balanstra Glacier is centred at 64°19′30″S 62°18′20″W﻿ / ﻿64.32500°S 62.30556°W﻿ / -64.32500; -62.30556. British mapping in 1980 and 2008.

## Maps

* Antarctic Digital Database (ADD). Scale 1:250000 topographic map of Antarctica. Scientific Committee on Antarctic Research (SCAR). Since 1993, regularly upgraded and updated.
* British Antarctic Territory. Scale 1:200000 topographic map. DOS 610 Series, Sheet W 64 62. Directorate of Overseas Surveys, Tolworth, UK, 1980.
* Brabant Island to Argentine Islands. Scale 1:250000 topographic map. British Antarctic Survey, 2008.
# Varntresk Church

Varntresk Church (Norwegian: Varntresk kirke) is a parish church of the Church of Norway in Hattfjelldal Municipality in Nordland county, Norway. It is located in the village of Varntresk. It is one of the churches for the Hattfjelldal parish which is part of the Indre Helgeland prosti (deanery) in the Diocese of Sør-Hålogaland. The brown, wooden church was built in a long church style in 1986 using plans drawn up by the architect Pål Guthorm Kavli. The church seats about 70 people. The church was consecrated on 31 August 1986.
# Kevin Cavenaugh

Kevin A. Cavenaugh (born May 2, 1967) is a real estate developer and designer from Portland, Oregon, and the owner of Guerrilla Development.

## Early life and education

Cavenaugh is from California. He studied architecture at the University of California, Berkeley, and was a Loeb fellow at Harvard University's Graduate School of Design.

## Career

Cavenaugh is a real estate developer and designer, and the founder and owner of Guerrilla Development. He became a developer in 2001, and was an intern with Fletcher Farr Ayotte, as of 2004. Cavenaugh is known for his views on affordable housing, displacement, and gentrification. His projects have included:
* Atomic Orchard Experiment
* Box & One Lofts
* Burnside Rocket
* "Dr. Jim's Still Really Nice"
* Fair-Haired Dumbbell
* "Jolene's First Cousin"
* "The Ocean"
* Pub at the End of the Universe
* "Rig-a-Hut"
* Standard Dairy building
* Tree Farm
* Two-Thirds (8735 North Lombard Street)
* The Zipper
In 2018, Cavenaugh and his five colleagues at Guerrilla all received the same compensation for one year, regardless of position or length of employment, to "[equalize] the boss to employee ratio" and eliminate any possible gender pay gap.
Two of Cavenaugh's projects, Jolene's First Cousin and Atomic Orchard Experiment, will have units reserved for homeless people and social workers.

## Personal life

After working for Peace Corps in Gabon, he relocated to Portland, Oregon during the 1990s.
Cavenaugh and his wife live in Portland with their three children, as of 2016.
# Vahhabiyeh

Vahhabiyeh (Persian: وهابيه, also Romanized as Vahhābīyeh; also known as Vahābī) is a village in Anaqcheh Rural District, in the Central District of Ahvaz County, Khuzestan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 259, in 51 families.
# Arne Sithonis

Arne (/ˈɑːrniː/; Ancient Greek: Ἄρνη) is a mythologized princess of an ancient Greek island, who according to legend betrayed her motherland, after the legendary king Minos had bribed her with gold into supporting Crete. After she had accepted the bribe that "her greed demanded", Minos' troops attacked the island. For this misdeed the gods punished her by turning her into a black-footed, black-winged jackdaw, and she would be forever attracted to golden and shining objects.

## Localization and chronology

The only source on Arne's story is Ovid's mythological poem Metamorphoses from 8 BC, where—depending on the manuscript—her name is given as Arne Sithonis or Arne Sithon ("the Sithonian Arne", meaning "the Thracian Arne"; see below). Attempts have been made to identify the island as Siphnos due to paleographical similarities, but no independent legend connects an Arne to Siphnos or any other island of the Cyclades.
Like Sithoniae (nurus), Sithonios (agros) and Sithon, Sithonis means "Thracian". Based on the original assumption of the legend's Cycladian origin (e.g. the island of Siphnos), the term Sithonis was doubted, because it was believed for a long time that the Thracians had never been to the Cyclades. Huxley (1984) however has shown that Sithonis in this case refers to the inhabitants of Naxos.
This origin was first proposed by Franz Börner, because Naxos (as the largest of the Cyclades) was missing in Ovid's extensive catalog of islands. In addition, Greek sources confirm that Thracians settled on Naxos for roughly two hundred years before they were replaced by Karian immigrants after a drought, two generations before the time of Theseus and Minos. Further evidence for Thracian settlements on Naxos are found in the lost Naxiaka of Andriskos, a local Naxian historian. They told the story about the two Thracian plunderers from Naxos, Skellis and Agassamenos, who raided the Peloponnese, the surrounding islands and eventually Thessaly. There they seized Iphimede, wife of Aloeus, and her daughter Pankrato.
Therefore, Huxley further suggests that Ἄρνη (Arne)—as a toponym of Thessalian "cities of origin"—could indicate that Arne Sithonis was a descendant of the women kidnapped by Skellis and Agassamenos and taken to Naxos. However, the word also denotes a Thracian place of origin. In any case, Arne Sithonis was in all probability a survivor of the Thracian population of Naxos amongst the Karians. As a possible alternative, Ovid may have been following "a version of the myth in which Thracians—not Karians—were still ruling Naxos in the time of Minos".
Huxley asserts that Ovid's mythographic or poetical source is unknown, but suggests Parthenius, because the Greek poet mentioned the Thracians of Naxos. The fact that "Thracian [of Naxos]" hides behind Ovid's Sithonis shows that the Cretan king Minos had also captured the island of Naxos, probably after visiting Paros.
# D. Jayakumar

D. Jayakumar is an Indian politician and was a Member of the 15th Legislative Assembly of Tamil Nadu. He was the Speaker of the Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly until his resignation on 29 September 2012. He was elected to the Tamil Nadu legislative assembly from Royapuram constituency as an Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam candidate in the 1991, 2001, 2006, 2011 elections and 2016 elections for five terms. During the Tamil Nadu legislative Assembly 2021, he again contested in Royapuram Constituency and lost the election. He served in various cabinet positions starting from 1991 - Forests, Fisheries, Information Technology, Electricity and Finance. He is one among the senior leaders of AIADMK. In October 2020, he was appointed to 11 member Steering Committee of AIADMK and also serves as its Organizing Secretary. In the TN 2021 Election for Royapuram constituency, he was defeated by dmk candidate . He had represented Royapuram five times - 1991, 2001, 2006, 2011 and 2016.

## Elections contested
### Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly Elections

| Elections | Constituency | Party | Result | Vote percentage | Opposition candidate | Opposition party | Opposition vote percentage |
| 1991 Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly election | Royapuram | AIADMK | Won | 59.04 | R. Mathivanan | DMK | 37.77 |
| 1996 Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly election | Royapuram | AIADMK | Lost | 35.37 | R. Mathivanan | DMK | 57.78 |
| 2001 Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly election | Royapuram | AIADMK | Won | 56.76 | K. Nargunan | DMK | 39.26 |
| 2006 Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly election | Royapuram | AIADMK | Won | 53.26 | S. P. Sarkunapandian | DMK | 39.06 |
| 2011 Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly election | Royapuram | AIADMK | Won | 57.89 | R. Manohar | INC | 38.88 |
| 2016 Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly election | Royapuram | AIADMK | Won | 45.21 | S. P. Sarkunapandian | INC | 38.63 |
| 2021 Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly election | Royapuram | AIADMK | Lost | 30.46 | Idream R. Murthy | DMK | 53.56 |