OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Vadim Karkachev

Vadim Vladimirovich Karkachev (Russian: Вадим Владимирович Каркачёв) is a former Soviet ice dancer. With partner Natalia Annenko, he was the 1982 World Junior champion.

## Competitive highlights

(with Annenko)
| Event | 1981 | 1982 |
| World Junior Championships | 2nd | 1st |
# Paralia

Paralia (Greek: Παραλία, Paralía) is a Greek term meaning "beach" or "coastline".

## Towns

* Paralia, Achaea
* Paralia, Pieria
* Paralia Distomou
* Paralia Lygias
* Paralia Skotinas
* Paralia Avdira
* Paralia Panteleimonos
* Paralios Kaisareia, the Greek name for Caesarea Maritima

## Beaches

* Paralia Chiladou
* Paralia Koulouras
* Paralia Sergoula
* Paralia Platanos

## Historical places

* Paralia (Attica), region of Attica
* Paralia (Seleucid eparchy)
* Phoenice Paralia

## Animals

* Agdistis paralia
# First Athenian School

The term First Athenian School (Greek: Α΄ Αθηναϊκή Σχολή) denotes the literary production in Athens between 1830 and 1880. After Greek Independence, the basic intellectual centres of the Greek world were the Ionian Islands (with the Heptanese School) and Athens, the capital of the new Greek Kingdom. Many of the leading members of the First Athenian School were of Phanariote origin, whence it is sometimes referred to as the Phanariotic School (Φαναριωτική Σχολή).
The main element of the school was romanticism. The New Athenian School developed as a reaction against the First Athenian School from the 1880s on.

## General traits

Some general traits of the school were:
* Extensive use of Katharevousa, the purest form of the modern Greek
* Influence by the French romanticism
* Influence by the Phanariotic poetry
* Rhetorical style
* Patriotic tone, themes from the Greek War of Independence

## Notable representatives

* Theodoros G. Orphanides
* Dimitrios Paparrigopoulos
* Alexandros Rizos Rangavis
* Panagiotis Soutsos
* Alexandros Soutsos
* Spyridon Vassiliadis
* Demetrios Bernardakis
* Dimosthenis Valavanis

## Notable works

* Demos and Heleni (1831) by Alexandros Rizos Rangavis
* Leander (1834), novel by Panagiotis Soutsos
* The Wedding of Koutroulis (1845), comedy by Alexandros Rizos Rangavis
* Maria Doxapatri (1857), play by Demetrios Bernardakis
* History of Modern Greek Literature (1877), historic review by Alexandros Rizos Rangavis
# Hundred Quarters

Hundred Quarters (Urdu: سو کوارٹرز) is a neighbourhood in the Korangi District in eastern Karachi, Pakistan. It was previously part of Korangi Town, which was an administrative unit that was disbanded in 2011. There are one hundred houses (also known as quarters) in this neighbourhood. It is divided into many sectors such as sector D-AREA, E- AREA, B-AREA C-AREA.

## Demographics

It is a Muhajirs majority area.
# Degerman Daresi

Degerman Daresi (Persian: دگرمان درسي, also Romanized as Degermān Daresī; also known as Degermān Darrehsī) is a village in Qanibeyglu Rural District, Zanjanrud District, Zanjan County, Zanjan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 331, in 79 families.
# L1448-IRS2E

L1448-IRS2E is an object located in LDN 1448, being part of the Perseus molecular cloud. A clump of dense gas and dust, L1448-IRS2E is one-tenth as luminous as the Sun and thus is unlikely to be a true protostar at this time. However, its density is high enough that it is ejecting streams of matter from itself, and so it is a likely candidate for the first discovered core in hydrostatic quasi-equilibrium. This would mean that L1448-IRS2E represents an early phase in stellar development which has so far remained unobserved due to the short time that a star spends in this phase and the low luminosity which comes from a star not yet developed past it.
# Al-Haram (tribe)

The Al-Haram (Arabic: الحرم) or Al-Harm are a Bedouin tribe of Saudi Arabia, Sunni Arabs. An Al-Haram myth of origin asserts that they were originally protectors of the Kaaba in the Sacred Mosque or Masjid al-Haram in Mecca.
Jane Hathaway writes that the Haram are presented (but not explicitly stated) in Arab chronicles as a Bedouin tribal group, opposed to the Sa'd faction. The tribe "evidently had a lengthy presence in Yemen", as "pre-Islamic inscriptions in the south Arabian language refer to a H-R-MM". According to Hathaway, the mediaeval Moroccan traveller Ibn Battuta (1304-1377) reports that the 'Banu Haram' people lived in Hali in the north of Yemen. Similarly, Hathaway writes that Yahya b. al-Husayn reports that the Jabal Haram (the mountains of the Haram people) in northern Yemen "submitted to the Zaydi imam in the late thirteenth century".
Sultan bin Muhammad Al-Qasimi writes that in 1760, soldiers "fled to Qishm to seek assistance from Shaikh Rahmah and the Al Haram tribe" on the Persian coast.
# Tourtrol

Tourtrol (French pronunciation:; Occitan: Tortròl) is a commune in the Ariège department located in southwestern France.

## Population

Inhabitants of Tourtrol are called Tourtroléens.
# Corium (Crete)

Corium or Korion (Ancient Greek: Κόριον) was a town of ancient Crete, near which was a temple to Athena and Lake Koresia (λίμνη Κορησία), which was Crete's only natural freshwater lake.
Its site is located near modern Voulgari Armokastella, Melampes.
# Kleisthenis I Programme

* This article is part of a series about Alexis Tsipras
Political offices
President of Syriza (2008–2023) Leader of the Opposition (2012–15; 2019–2023) Prime Minister of Greece (2015; 2015–19)
Leader of the Opposition
First term
First Shadow Cabinet
Thessaloniki Programme
2014–15 presidential election
Second term
Second Shadow Cabinet
2020 presidential election
2021 Greek protests
2022 Syriza leadership election
Prime Minister of Greece
First term
Government formation
First cabinet
2014–2015 presidential election
Relaunch of ERT
2015 bailout referendum
Tenth austerity package
Eleventh austerity package
Third Memorandum
Second term
Second cabinet
2015 European migrant crisis
Twelfth austerity package
Cohabitation Agreement
Thirteenth austerity package
Turkish military asylum incident
Prespa agreement
Kleisthenis I
2018 Attica wildfires
Elections
2015 (January)
2015 (September) :
vte :
Kleisthenis I Programme (Greek: Πρόγραμμα Κλεισθένης Ι, romanized: Prógramma Kleisthénis I) is the common name of Greek law 4555/2018 of July 2018, a major administrative reform in Greece. It brought about the third major reform of the country's administrative divisions following the 1997 Kapodistrias reform and the 2010 Kallikratis Programme. Named after ancient Greek legislator Cleisthenes, the programme was adopted by the Hellenic Parliament in July 2018 and implemented in September 2019.
The goal of the Kleisthenis I Programme was to reform the election procedures and to strengthen the competences of the local administrative units. The main changes were:
* municipal elections take place every 4 years (formerly every 5 years)
* municipal and regional referendums can be organised
* six categories of municipalities were introduced
* the distinction between municipal communities and local communities (as subdivisions of municipalities) was abolished
Also, five municipalities that were created at the Kallikratis reform (Corfu, Cephalonia, Servia-Velventos, Lesbos and Samos) were divided into smaller municipalities.
# Bala Mahalleh-ye Gafsheh

Bala Mahalleh-ye Gafsheh (Persian: بالامحله گفشه) is a village in, and the capital of, Gafsheh-ye Lasht-e Nesha Rural District of Lasht-e Nesha District, Rasht County, Gilan province, Iran.

## Demographics
### Population

At the time of the 2006 National Census, the village's population was 1,771 in 500 households. The following census in 2011 counted 1,558 people in 536 households. The 2016 census measured the population of the village as 1,533 people in 508 households. It was the most populous village in its rural district.
# Kermani, Kerman

Kermani (Persian: كرماني, also Romanized as Kermānī) is a village in Derakhtengan Rural District, in the Central District of Kerman County, Kerman Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 28, in 10 families.
# House of Glass (Toer novel)

House of Glass is the fourth and final novel in the Buru Quartet tetralogy by the Indonesian author Pramoedya Ananta Toer. The original Indonesian edition was published in 1988 and an English translation by Max Lane was published in 1997.
The Buru Quartet follows the life of Minke, a heroic character loosely based upon pioneering journalist Tirto Adhi Soerjo. Unlike the other novels, House of Glass is not narrated by Minke. Instead, it follows the perspective of his nemesis, a self-loathing colonial official who is trying to destroy the emergent Indonesian independence movement.

## Synopsis

The novel begins with Minke going into exile for five years as a punishment for criticising the government in his newspaper. He is accompanied by Meneer (Jacques) Pangemanann, whom the Dutch colonial authorities then task to spy upon the dissident movement.
Pangemanann is a Menadonese man holding a legal status equal to that of a European. He enjoys the status and power of his colonial position, and orders his thugs and informers to attack the dissidents by spreading divisive rumours, inciting race riots, and committing torture and murder. Yet Pangemanann also recognises the rottenness of the colonial administration, and knows that his attempts to suppress the dissidents will be ultimately futile. He privately sympathises with the independence movement, and is tormented by pangs of conscience.
Despite Pangemanann's inner turmoil and his secret admiration for Minke, he nonetheless engineers the journalist's destruction. Visiting Minke's grave, he mourns over his rival.

## Reception

John Morley stated that the novel provides "an illuminating, moving account of colonial psychosis", through its exploration of how Pangemanann "succumbs to the lures of power and privilege at the cost of betraying his people and, in the end, himself".
# Koshkabad, Zanjan

Koshkabad (Persian: كشك اباد, also Romanized as Koshkābād; also known as Khushkabad, Koshgābād, Kūshakābād, and Kūshkābād) is a village in Sojas Rud Rural District, Sojas Rud District, Khodabandeh County, Zanjan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 620, in 121 families.
# Vishnevka, Bizhbulyaksky District, Republic of Bashkortostan

Vishnyovka (Russian: Вишнёвка) is a rural locality (a village) in Kosh-Yelginsky Selsoviet, Bizhbulyaksky District, Bashkortostan, Russia. The population was 18 as of 2010. There is 1 street.

## Geography

Vishnevka is located 51 km north of Bizhbulyak (the district's administrative centre) by road. Sosnovka is the nearest rural locality.
# Ganjabad, Isfahan

Ganjabad (Persian: گنج اباد, also Romanized as Ganjābād; also known as Ganjehābād) is a village in Jarqavieh Sofla Rural District, Jarqavieh Sofla District, Isfahan County, Isfahan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 119, in 39 families.
# Gavarret-sur-Aulouste

Gavarret-sur-Aulouste (French pronunciation:; Occitan: Gavarret) is a commune in the Gers department in southwestern France.
# Ropotamo Glacier

Ropotamo Glacier (Bulgarian: ледник Ропотамо, romanized: lednik Ropotamo, IPA:) is a glacier extending 900 m (3,000 ft) from northeast to southwest and 600 m (2,000 ft) from northwest to southeast on the Burgas Peninsula, Livingston Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica. The glacier is northeast of Dobrudzha Glacier, east-southeast of Iskar Glacier, south of Sopot Ice Piedmont and southwest of Strandzha Glacier. It is bounded by Asen Peak and Delchev Peak to the northwest and north, and flows southeastwards mostly into Yantra Cove, Bransfield Strait.
The feature is named after the river Ropotamo in Bulgaria.

## Location

Ropotamo Glacier is centered at 62°38′55″S 59°55′34″W﻿ / ﻿62.64861°S 59.92611°W﻿ / -62.64861; -59.92611. Bulgarian mapping in 2005 and 2009.
# Emergency Landing (1952 film)

Emergency Landing (Norwegian: Nødlanding) is a 1952 Norwegian war film directed by Arne Skouen. It was entered into the 1952 Cannes Film Festival. The film depicts the Norwegian resistance attempting to hide shot-down American aviators from the German occupation forces.

## Plot

An American bomber is shot down on the Norwegian coast during World War II. The airmen bail out and land at different locations. In spite of the German search for them, the Norwegian resistance picks them up and hides them in the attic of the local church, a center of operations. Things become tense, however, when the hideout is spotted by a notorious collaborator, and soon the protagonist, Hans (Henki Kolstad), has to get the airmen to Sweden.

## Cast

* Henki Kolstad - Hans
* Jack Kennedy - Eddie, captain
* Randi Kolstad - Kristin
* Bjarne Andersen - Stråmannen
* Jens Bolling - Knut
* Einar Vaage - Edvartsen, churchwarden
* Samuel Matlowsky - Leo, sergeant
* Lee Payant - Fiorello, 2nd lt.
* John Robbins - Don, sergeant
* Lee Zimmer - Steve, sergeant
* Chris Bugge - Mart, 1st lt.
* Joachim Holst-Jensen - Willie, the vicar (as J. Holst Jensen)
# Urh, Slovenska Bistrica

Urh (pronounced, formerly Sveti Urh, in older sources also Sveti Orih, German: St. Ulrich) is a small settlement in the Pohorje Hills in the Municipality of Slovenska Bistrica in northeastern Slovenia. The area is part of the traditional region of Styria. It is now included with the rest of the municipality in the Drava Statistical Region.

## Name

The name of the settlement was changed from Sveti Urh (literally, 'Saint Ulrich') to Urh (literally, 'Ulrich') in 1952. The name was changed on the basis of the 1948 Law on Names of Settlements and Designations of Squares, Streets, and Buildings as part of efforts by Slovenia's postwar communist government to remove religious elements from toponyms.

## Church

The local church, from which the settlement gets its name, is dedicated to Saint Ulrich (Slovene: sveti Urh) and belongs to the Parish of Tinje. It dates to the 17th century.
# Cassian of Imola

Cassian, or Saint Cassian of Imola, or Cassius was a Christian saint of the 4th century. His feast day is August 13.

## Life

Little is known about his life, although the traditional accounts converge on some of the details of his martyrdom. He was a schoolmaster at Imola, but rather than sacrifice to the Roman gods, as so ordered by the current emperor, Julian the Apostate, he was condemned to death and turned over to his own pupils. Since they were eager for revenge for the many punishments he had inflicted on them, they bound him to a stake and tortured him to death by stabbing him with their pointed iron styli, the devices then used to mark wooden or wax writing tablets. Cassian suffered in one of the persecutions of the fourth century, but in which cannot be assigned with any certainty.
He was interred by the Christians at Imola, where afterwards his relics were honoured with a rich mausolæum. His traditional date of martyrdom is August 13, 363, hence August 13 is his feast day on the Roman calendar. Cassian is the patron saint of Mexico City, Imola (Italy), Sukošan (Croatia), and of parish clerks. Comacchio Cathedral and Cathedral of Brixen are dedicated to him. He is also the patron saint of the localities of San Casciano in Val di Pesa and San Casciano dei Bagni (both Italy) and Las Galletas (Tenerife, Spain). St Cassian's Centre is named for him.

## Cultural references

In the novel A Confederacy of Dunces by John Kennedy Toole, protagonist Ignatius Reilly informs one of his professors that "St. Cassian of Imola was stabbed to death by his students with their styli," a holy death that his professor would not merit. Annie Dillard also makes reference to him in her 1992 novel The Living. Bethel College had a Cassianus Lounge in the faculty offices area.
The German jurist Carl Schmitt, named the place in which he spent his late years (in Plettenberg) as "San Casciano". According to the common opinion (for the own Schmitt, the most obvious interpretation), this referred to some place near Florence, Italy (called San Casciano) in which Machiavelli spent the time during which he wrote some of his most influential works.
In Ride the Cyclone, a 2008 musical with a 2016 Off-Broadway run, the cast of deceased students are all members of the fictional St. Cassian High School Chamber Choir.
# Histria

Histria may refer to:
* Histria (ancient land), the "land of the Histri", the ancient name of the Istrian Peninsula
** Venetia et Histria, a region (regio) of Roman Italy
* Histria (ancient city), a Greek colony on the western shore of the Black Sea
** Battle of Histria (c. 62-61 BC)
# Jules Vandooren

Jules Vandooren (30 December 1908 – 7 January 1985) was a French footballer who played as a defender.
He played for Olympique Lillois, Red Star FC and Stade de Reims, and was part of France in the 1934 and 1938 World Cups. He then had a long coaching career in France and Belgium.
# Montastruc-Savès

Montastruc-Savès (French pronunciation:; Occitan: Montastruc de Savés) is a commune in the Haute-Garonne department of southwestern France.
# Deh Now, Nehbandan

Deh Now (Persian: ده نو, also Romanized as Deh-e Now and Deh Nau) is a village in Meyghan Rural District, in the Central District of Nehbandan County, South Khorasan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 277, in 83 families.
# Convolvulus angustissimus

Convolvulus angustissimus commonly known as Australian bindweed, is a flowering plant in the family Convolvulaceae. It is a twining perennial with pink or white flowers and grows in Tasmania and mainland states of Australia.

## Description

Convolvulus angustissimus has slender, twisted, trailing branches with terete stems, hairy when young and grows to a height of 0.02 to 0.6 metres (0.07 to 1.97 ft). The leaf shape varies and grow along the length of the stems, basal leaves oblong to oval-shaped, margins toothed or slightly lobed and heart-shaped or squared. Upper leaves egg-shaped to triangular egg-shaped, 1–6.5 cm (0.39–2.56 in) long, 2–4 cm (0.79–1.57 in) wide, mostly acute at the apex and petiole 2–20 mm (0.079–0.787 in) long. Flowers usually borne singly in leaf axils, corolla pink or rarely white, 7–20 mm (0.28–0.79 in) long, 7–20 mm (0.28–0.79 in) in diameter, peduncle terete, 4–50 mm (0.16–1.97 in) long, flattened hairs. Flowering occurs between January and December and the fruit is globose shaped, 4–8 mm (0.16–0.31 in) long, 4–7 mm (0.16–0.28 in) in diameter and smooth.

## Taxonomy and naming

Convolvulus angustissimus was first formally described by Robert Brown in 1810 and the description was published in Prodromus Florae Novae Hollandiae. The specific epithet (angustissimus) means "very narrow" reference to the shape of the leaves.

## Distribution and habitat

Australian bindweed grows mostly on loamy or clay soils in woodlands or forests in all mainland states of Australia with the exception of the Northern Territory.
# Stob Glacier

Stob Glacier (Bulgarian: ледник Стоб, romanized: lednik Stob, IPA:) is the 16 km long and 13 km wide glacier on Oscar II Coast, Graham Land in Antarctica situated southwest of Chuchuliga Glacier, east-southeast of Somers Glacier and south-southeast of Talbot Glacier. It is draining from the slopes of Bruce Plateau north of Bersin Ridge, and flowing eastwards to join Crane Glacier.
The feature is named after the settlement of Stob in western Bulgaria.

## Location

Stob Glacier is located at 65°26′40″S 63°03′00″W﻿ / ﻿65.44444°S 63.05000°W﻿ / -65.44444; -63.05000. British mapping in 1976.

## Maps

* Antarctic Digital Database (ADD). Scale 1:250000 topographic map of Antarctica. Scientific Committee on Antarctic Research (SCAR). Since 1993, regularly upgraded and updated.
# Anoteropsis forsteri

Anoteropsis forsteri is a species of wolf spider that is endemic to New Zealand.

## Etymology

The species is named after the arachnologist Raymond Forster, who mentored the describer of this species.

## Taxonomy

This species was described in 2002 by Cor Vink from male and female specimens.

## Description

Anoteropsis forsteri is very similar to A. litoralis which occupies similar habitat, but can be distinguished by morphological features of their reproductive organs.

## Habitat and distribution

Anoteropsis forsteri occupies sand dunes and beaches, where their colouration allows them to camouflage into the background very easily. They can be found in these habitats south of 44°S in New Zealand (Many habitats to the north are typically occupied by A. litoralis, a similar species).

## Conservation status

Under the New Zealand Threat Classification System, this species is listed as "Naturally Uncommon" with the qualifier of "Range Restricted".
# Prix de Ris-Orangis

The Prix de Ris-Orangis is a Group 3 flat horse race in France open to thoroughbreds aged three years or older. It is run at Maisons-Laffitte over a distance of 1,200 metres (about 6 furlongs), and it is scheduled to take place each year in July.

## History

The event was established in 1970, and it was initially called the Prix d'Évry. It was named after a new racecourse under construction at Évry. The first running was held at Saint-Cloud. It was originally a 1,600-metre race for horses aged four or older, and it took place in early spring.
The Prix d'Évry was transferred to Maisons-Laffitte and given Group 3 status in 1971.
The race moved to Évry when the venue opened in 1973. At this point it was renamed after Ris-Orangis, a commune in which part of the racecourse was situated.
The Prix de Ris-Orangis was cut to 1,200 metres, switched to July and opened to three-year-olds in 1987. It was transferred to Deauville in 1997.
The race was staged at Maisons-Laffitte in 2006. It returned to Deauville in 2007, moved back to Maisons-Laffitte in 2009 and was run at Deauville again in 2013 and 2014 before returning to Maisons-Laffitte in 2015.

## Records

Most successful horse (3 wins):
* El Rastro – 1974, 1975, 1976
Leading jockey (4 wins):
* Yves Saint-Martin – El Rastro (1974, 1975), Nadjar (1980), Naishakar (1984)
Leading trainer (4 wins):
* Angel Penna – Gift Card (1973), El Rastro (1974, 1975, 1976)
* Alain de Royer-Dupré – Naishakar (1984), Tiza (2007, 2009), War Artist (2010)
* André Fabre – Wedding of the Sea (1992), Diffident (1995), Time Prisoner (2011), Lockwood (2012)
Leading owner (5 wins):
* Godolphin – Time Prisoner (2011), Lockwood (2012), Rosa Imperial (2017), Inns of Court (2018), Royal Crusade (2020)

## Winners since 1978

* ↑ The 2020 race was run at Deauville due to the COVID-19 pandemic in France
* ↑ The 2021 race was run at Deauville due to closure at Maisons-Laffitte
* ↑ The 2022 race was run at Deauville due to closure at Maisons-Laffitte

## Earlier winners

* 1970: Prince Regent
* 1971: Dictus
* 1972: Etoile Lointaine
* 1973: Gift Card
* 1974: El Rastro
* 1975: El Rastro
* 1976: El Rastro
* 1977: Mittainvilliers
# Agrotera

Agrotera (Ancient Greek: Ἀγροτέρα, "the huntress") was an epithet of the Greek goddess Artemis, the most important goddess to Attic hunters.
At Agrae on the Ilissos, where she was believed to have first hunted after her arrival from Delos, Artemis Agrotera had a temple, dating to the 5th century BC, with a statue carrying a bow. During the Boedromia, on the seventh day of Boedromion (roughly, the beginning of September), an armed procession would take 600 goats to this temple, where they would all be sacrificed by the polemarch in honor of the victory at the Battle of Marathon. This rite derived from a vow made before the Battle of Marathon, which in turn derived from the custom of making a "slaughter sacrifice", or sphagion (σφάγιον), to Artemis Agrotera before a battle. The temple was destroyed in 1778, when the Ottoman forces occupying Athens set about demolishing ancient sites for building material to construct a wall around the city. The ruins of the temple survive today on Ardettou Street, tightly surrounded by modern buildings. There is an ongoing campaign for the expropriation of adjacent buildings and the restoration of the temple.
Under this name Agrotera was also worshiped at Aigeira, Sparta, and elsewhere. The name Agrotera is synonymous with the epithet Agraea, but Eustathius derives it from the town of Agrae.
The epithet Agrotera was also sometimes applied to the nymph Cyrene.