OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Ray Jackson (American football)

Raymond F. Jackson (born August 1, 1978) is a former American football running back. He played college football at Michigan and Cincinnati.

## Pro football career

After not being selected in the 2002 NFL draft, Jackson was a summer camp counselor for the Cincinnati city recreation department and later worked at a Wal-Mart.
On March 13, 2003, Jackson signed a two-year contract with the Cincinnati Bengals and participated in training camp with the Bengals. Jackson signed as a free agent with the Tennessee Titans on November 18, 2003. In what would be his only career NFL game, Jackson had three kick returns for 77 yards in the Titans' 2003 regular season finale, a 33–13 win over Tampa Bay.
In 2004, Jackson played six games for the Berlin Thunder of NFL Europe, during which he had 63 carries for 236 yards and a touchdown.
# Thouria, Messenia

Thouria (Greek: Θουρία) is a village and a former municipality in Messenia, Peloponnese, Greece. Since the 2011 local government reform it is part of the municipality Kalamata, of which it is a municipal unit. The municipal unit has an area of 76.922 km$^2$. Its population in 2021 was 2,688. It takes its name from the ancient town of Thuria.
# Vimolj, Semič

Vimolj (pronounced, also spelled Vimol; German: Wiederzug or Widerzug) is a remote abandoned settlement in the Municipality of Semič in southern Slovenia. The area is part of the traditional region of Lower Carniola and is now included in the Southeast Slovenia Statistical Region. Its territory is now part of the village of Srednja Vas.

## Name

The name Vimolj is shared with two other villages: Vimolj near Banja Loka and Vimolj pri Predgradu. The spelling Vimolj is a hypercorrection of older Vimol, from the Slavic common noun *vymolъ 'promontory, elevated land between two valleys'. Vimolj is located on a promontory between the valley of Wild Creek (Divji potok) to the southwest and a valley around Rožni Dol to the east.

## History

Vimolj was a Gottschee German village founded in the 17th century. In 1931 the village consisted of seven houses. The Gottschee Germans were expelled from the village in the winter of 1941–1942. Italian troops burned the village during the summer of 1942. In 1965 the Smuk Hunting Club of Semič built a hunter's lodge at the site. The site of the former village is registered as cultural heritage.

## Church

The ruins of Saint Anne's Church stand on the north side of the former village, along the forest road to the hunter's lodge. The church was burned by Italian troops during the Rog Offensive in the summer of 1942. The ruins of the church include the belfry and the outside walls of the church's rectangular nave and chancel.
# Ivan Katardžiev

Ivan Katardžiev (Macedonian: Иван Катарџиев; Bulgarian: Иван Катарджиев; January 6, 1926 – December 1, 2018) was a Macedonian historian. He was regarded as the country's most important expert on the Internal Macedonian Revolutionary Organization (IMRO) and the Macedonian history under Yugoslavia as well as the early years of independence. He was also director of the Macedonian Institute for National History.

## Biography

Katardžiev was born in 1926 in Ploski, Bulgaria, in the region also known as Pirin Macedonia. He graduated from high school in Sveti Vrach, Bulgaria and during the "cultural autonomy" of Pirin Macedonia in 1946, he was sent by the Bulgarian communist authorities to study history in the capital of the newly proclaimed SR Macedonia, Skopje. In 1948, he was among the 13 students from Pirin Macedonia in Skopje, out of a total of about 140 there, who signed a declaration against the new decisions of the Central Committee of the Bulgarian Communist Party. With them, the "cultural autonomy" practically stopped and a return to the party's position from before 1934, of denying the Macedonian identity, began. Thus, in practice, Katardžiev remained living in Yugoslavia.
In the 1950s he was head of the University Library of Skopje, the Diaspora Office and served as secretary of the Institute for National History of Macedonia. In 1961 he promoted the thesis the first official name of the IMRO was Bulgarian Macedonian-Adrianopolitan Revolutionary Committees.
In recent years Katardžiev criticized the then Macedonian ruling party, the VMRO – DPMNE, for rehabilitating several IMRO revolutionaries, who had previously been blacklisted during Yugoslav rule for being Bulgarophiles. However, Bulgarian researchers maintain that Katardžiev himself had some manifestations when he publicly claimed the IMRO revolutionaries had Bulgarian self-awareness.
In October 2014 the Lustration Commission of Macedonia named Katardžiev as an informer of the Communist Yugoslavia's UDBA during the 1950s. They accused him of spying on history students who originated from Bulgarian Macedonia. Katardžiev at the time was head of the University Library in Skopje as well as the Diaspora Office. Katardžiev denied the claims, and said he was pressured himself by the police between 1955 and 1960.
On December 1, 2018, Katadžiev died in Skopje at age 92.

## Works

* The Serres District from the Kresna Uprising to the Young Turks Revolution (1968)
* Time of the Maturation: The Macedonian National Question between the Two World Wars, 1919–1930 (1977)
* The Struggle for the Development and Affirmation of the Macedonian Nation (1981)
# Veum Church

Veum Church (Norwegian: Veum kyrkje) is a parish church of the Church of Norway in Fyresdal Municipality in Telemark county, Norway. It is located in the village of Øyane. It is one of the two churches for the Fyresdal parish which is part of the Øvre Telemark prosti (deanery) in the Diocese of Agder og Telemark. The white, wooden church was built in a long church design in 1863 using plans drawn up by the architect Christian Grosch. The church seats about 180 people.

## History

The earliest existing historical records of the church date back to the year 1483, but the first church was likely built around the year 1300. This first church was likely a wooden stave church that was located about 1.5 kilometres (0.93 mi) to the northeast of the present church site. By the end of the 17th century, this stave church was in poor condition and was in constant need of repair, so the old church was torn down and a new church was built on the same site in 1727. The new church was a small, modest, wooden long church which was described as "unsightly" in 1785.
In the mid-1800s, the old Heggland Church was closed and its people were divided between the two nearby churches: Veum Church and Moland Church. The current Veum Church (at that time) was too small and would need significant renovations and repairs to accommodate the newly enlarged parish. Also, a new main road through the village of Øyane was built around the same time, so it was decided to build a new, larger church in the village, along the new main road. The parish underwent some difficult times around 1850 and there was some strong opposition to moving the church, so there were delays. Thus, the new church wasn't built until 1863. This new wooden long church was based on a standard architectural drawing by Christian Grosch and it was built by a builder named Svenkesen. The new church was consecrated on 14 August 1863. After the new building was completed, the old church was torn down. The new church originally had a rose window over the front door, but it eventually fell into disrepair and was removed. The church was restored in 1957.

## Media gallery

* Altar table
* Baptismal font
* Site of the old church
* Portal from the old church
* Crucifix from the old church
# Col de la Croix de Fer

Col de la Croix de Fer (English: Pass of the Iron Cross) (el. 2067 m.) is a high mountain pass in the French Alps linking Le Bourg-d'Oisans and Saint-Jean-de-Maurienne.

## Details of climb

The approach from the northeast from Saint-Jean-de-Maurienne is 29.5 km at an average gradient of 5.5% with some sections at 9.5%, and the one from the southwest from Rochetaillée 31.5 km at an average gradient of 5.75% with short sections in excess of 11%. When coming from Rochetaillée, the road forks 2.5 km before the summit, leading to the Col du Glandon. There is also an approach from the north from La Chambre via Col du Glandon which is the hardest: 22.7 km at an average gradient of 7.0% (this is the route used for the 2012 Tour de France).

## Tour de France

The pass has featured in the Tour de France twenty one times since it was first passed in the 1947 tour when the race was led over the summit by Fermo Camellini. It was crossed on Stage 11 of the 2012 race, between Albertville and La Toussuire-Les Sybelles. In the 2015 race it was passed twice in the two finale mountain stages stage 19 between Saint-Jean-de-Maurienne to La Toussuire – Les Sybelles, and from the other side in stage 20 between Modane to Alpe d'Huez. The route for stage 20 was changed in June 2015 caused by a landslide in April so Col de la Croix de Fer substitutes both Col du Télégraphe and Col du Galibier.

### Appearances in Tour de France

| Year | Stage | Category | Start | Finish | Leader at the summit |
| 2022 | 12 | HC | Briançon | Alpe d'Huez | Giulio Ciccone (ITA) |
| 2018 | 12 | HC | Bourg-Saint-Maurice | Alpe d'Huez | Steven Kruijswijk (NED) |
| 2017 | 17 | HC | La Mure | Serre Chevalier | Thomas De Gendt (BEL) |
| 2015 | 20 | HC | Modane | Alpe d'Huez | Alexandre Geniez (FRA) |
| 2015 | 19 | HC | Saint-Jean-de-Maurienne | La Toussuire-Les Sybelles | Pierre Rolland (FRA) |
| 2012 | 11 | HC | Albertville | La Toussuire-Les Sybelles | Fredrik Kessiakoff (SWE) |
| 2008 | 17 | HC | Embrun | Alpe d'Huez | Peter Velits (SVK) |
| 2006 | 16 | HC | Le Bourg-d'Oisans | La Toussuire | Michael Rasmussen (DEN) |
| 1999 | 10 | HC | Sestrières | Alpe d'Huez | Stéphane Heulot (FRA) |
| 1998 | 15 | HC | Grenoble | Les Deux Alpes | Rodolfo Massi (ITA) |
| 1995 | 10 | HC | Aime–La Plagne | Alpe d'Huez | Richard Virenque (FRA) |
| 1992 | 14 | HC | Sestrières | Alpe d'Huez | Éric Boyer (FRA) |
| 1989 | 17 | HC | Briançon | Alpe d'Huez | Gert-Jan Theunisse (NED) |
| 1986 | 18 | 1 | Briançon–Serre Chevalier | Alpe d'Huez | Bernard Hinault (FRA) |
| 1966 | 16 | 1 | Bourg-d'Oisans | Briançon | Joaquim Galera (ESP) |
| 1963 | 16 | 1 | Grenoble | Val-d'Isère | Federico Bahamontes (ESP) |
| 1961 | 10 | 1 | Grenoble | Turin | Guy Ignolin (FRA) |
| 1956 | 18 | 1 | Turin | Grenoble | René Marigil (ESP) |
| 1952 | 11 | 1 | Bourg-d'Oisans | Sestrières | Fausto Coppi (ITA) |
| 1948 | 14 | 1 | Briançon | Aix-les-Bains | Gino Bartali (ITA) |
| 1947 | 8 | 1 | Grenoble | Briançon | Fermo Camellini (ITA) |
# Dumuli

Dumuli (Persian: دومولي, also Romanized as Dūmūlī; also known as Domūlī and Dūmūlū) is a village in Angut-e Gharbi Rural District, Anguti District, Germi County, Ardabil Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 187, in 36 families.
# BC Tsmoki-Minsk II

BC Tsmoki Minsk II (Belarusian: Цмокі-Мінск) is the reserve team of BC Tsmoki-Minsk, a professional basketball club that is based in Minsk, Belarus. The team plays in the Belarus Premier League.

## Season by season

| Season | Tier | League | Pos. | W–L |
| 2016–17 | 1 | Premier League | 5th | 27–19 |
| 2017–18 | 1 | Premier League | 6th | 28–24 |
# Kukudh

The Kukudh (Albanian definite form: Kukudhi) is an undead creature in Albanian mythology.

## Etymology

Undetermined. Most probably a derivative of Albanian kuku ("mourn, lament."), as its synonym kukuvriq suggests. In Tosk and Gheg folklore, the Kukudh is associated with nightmares and death, connecting it to the nocturnal bird, the owl, and the cuckoo (Albanian: qyqe), which are considered to be bad omens; messengers of bad news.

## Appearance

The Kukudh is a revenant, a miser's poor soul that haunts his house after his death. For this reason, people feared the house of a miser and would avoid staying overnight out of fear of being killed. Only a brave boy may defeat the creature and bring eternal peace to its damned soul, being appointed heir in reward.
In and around Tomorr, there is a legend that a lugat who is not burned in due time will become a Kukudh.
In some areas, the Kukudh appears as a stocky and short-legged man with a goat's tail. He is invulnerable and may only be strangled with a noose made of vine. Because he brings mayhem, an evil man is also commonly referred to as a Kukudh.
The Kukudh and Karkanxholl (etymologically related to Kallikantzaros Greek: καλικάντζαρος, also known as the Karkançoli) are also undead "gypsy" corpses, who go around in January, laden with chains and effusing a deadly breath, known notably among Calabrian Albanians. According to another version, the Karkançoli is vested with iron clothes, which is why chainmail armor is known as këmish karkançoli in Albanian.
In Southern Albania the Kukudh is a blind female demon of sickness, carrying the plague. "Kukudh" is also the name of a sickness like cholera, but worse. Alexander the Great is said to have brought it, after having raped the corpse of an Epirote princess, who would not return his love during her lifetime. Consequently, there is a derisive Tosk saying, As të ha kukudhi!, which translates to: "Not even the plague will devour you!"
# Biksyanovo

Biksyanovo (Russian: Биксяново; Bashkir: Биксән, Biksän) is a rural locality (a village) in Sayranovsky Selsoviet, Ishimbaysky District, Bashkortostan, Russia. The population was 513 as of 2010. There are 8 streets.

## Geography

Biksyanovo is located 28 km east of Ishimbay (the district's administrative centre) by road. Novoaptikovo is the nearest rural locality.
# Polish Pirate Party

The Polish Pirate Party (Polish: Polska Partia Piratów; Abbr.: Piraci, formerly P3) is a political party in Poland based on the model of the Swedish Pirate Party. It was founded on 23 July 2012, and registered on 21 January 2013, after a long process of registration.
A pirate party was first founded in Poland under the name (Polish: Partia Piratów) on 7 July 2006, and registered on 11 November 2007. Due to formal error, the party was de-registered in 2008. The party leaders opted to delay reregistration and focus on recruiting new members and establishing party structure. On 28 December 2009, it was removed from the register of political parties and ceased its activities outside the Internet.
In January 2013, the party was reregistered. Its first General Assembly took place on 18 May 2013.
# Statutes of Nieszawa

The Nieszawa Statutes (Polish: statuty nieszawskie) were a set of laws enacted in the Kingdom of Poland in 1454, in the town of Nieszawa located in north-central Poland. The King Casimir IV Jagiellon made a number of concessions to the Polish nobility and the gentry (szlachta) in exchange for their support in the Thirteen Years' War. Among other things, the Statutes required the King to seek the lords' approval when issuing new laws, when levying the mobilisation of armed forces (pospolite ruszenie), or when imposing new taxes. The Statutes strengthened the position of some of the nobility at the expense of less agreeable estates.
With the Statute of Nieszawa, King Casimir (1427–1492) – who was a brother of Władysław III of Poland (1424–1444), the new King of Hungary – also managed to take further advantage of the political split between the richest and most influential Polish families, and the much broader class of szlachta. The statute substantially limited the power of the former in exchange for the new privileges bestowed upon the latter. From then on, szlachta consent was required in the passing of new laws, as well as, for the declaration of war. Equally important, was the significant reduction in the autonomy of the Church controlled by Cardinal Zbigniew Oleśnicki (one of the most powerful magnates). It allowed the king to appoint Catholic bishops himself.
# Osmarka Chapel

Osmarka Chapel (Norwegian: Osmarka kapell) is a chapel of the Church of Norway in Gjemnes Municipality in Møre og Romsdal county, Norway. It is located in the village of Osmarka. It is an annex chapel for the Øre parish which is part of the Indre Nordmøre prosti (deanery) in the Diocese of Møre. The white, wooden church was built in a long church design in 1909. The church seats about 110 people.

## History

The Osmarka Inner Mission Association was formed in 1904 to fund and build a chapel in the Osmarka area. On 18 July 1909, their house of prayer was consecrated. The small building was funded and constructed by the local villagers. In 1916, the association was granted permission to build a graveyard next to the prayer house. The parish priest was required to go to the prayer house twice a year to bury the dead and hold funerals. In 1939, the government gave permission for the priest to have four worship services each year at the small prayer house, and later this was raised to six per year. In 1942, the prayer house received an altar and baptismal font. An altarpiece was added in 1943 when the prayer house was upgraded to the status of annex chapel. During the 1960s, the building was renovated extensively. In 1978, the Osmarka Inner Mission Association disbanded and gave the building and graveyard to the municipality to take care of. In 1983, the building was enlarged to add bathroom facilities. From 2002-2005, the exterior of the building was renovated, returning it to its original 1909 appearance.
# Everything for Sale (1969 film)

Everything for Sale (Polish: Wszystko na sprzedaż) is a 1969 Polish drama film written and directed by Andrzej Wajda. The film was selected as the Polish entry for the Best Foreign Language Film at the 42nd Academy Awards, but was not accepted as a nominee.

## Cast

* Beata Tyszkiewicz as Beata
* Elżbieta Czyżewska as Elzbieta
* Andrzej Łapicki as Andrzej
* Daniel Olbrychski as Daniel
* Witold Holtz as Witek
* Malgorzata Potocka as The Little
* Bogumił Kobiela as Bobek
* Elżbieta Kępińska as Actress in Theatre
* Irena Laskowska as Forester's Wife
* Tadeusz Kalinowski as Forester
# Toto in Hell

Toto in Hell (Italian: Totò all'inferno) is a 1955 Italian fantasy-comedy film directed by Camillo Mastrocinque. Italian cult horror film director Lucio Fulci co-wrote the screenplay.

## Plot

Antonio Marchi, a depressed thief, after several attempts of suicide, accidentally drowns in a river and ends up in hell. Here he is recognized as a reincarnation of Mark Antony and instead of ending the group of Violents is thrown by Belfegor to Cleopatra's arms, in the Lussuriosi group. But the meeting between the two is frowned upon by Satan, who is jealous of the woman, so, Totò, to escape his anger, escapes back to Earth.

## Cast

* Totò as Antonio Marchi
* Maria Frau as Cleopatra
* Olga Solbelli as Cleopatra's mother
* Tino Buazzelli as Devil-secretary
* Nerio Bernardi as Satana
* Dante Maggio as Pacifico
* Mario Castellani as Cri cri / Jealous husband
* Fulvia Franco as Dirimpettaia
* Franca Faldini as Maria
* Galeazzo Benti as Club Singer
* Giulio Calì as Charon
* Vincent Barbi as Al Capone
* Mario Pisu as Ptolemy
* Pietro Tordi as The fool
* Guglielmo Inglese as Cavaliere Scardacchione
* Ignazio Balsamo as Infermiere
* Aldo Giuffrè as Minosse
# Asclepiodorus of Macedon

Asclepiodorus (/əˌskliːpioʊˈdɔːrəs/; Ancient Greek: Ἀσκληπιόδωρος) a Macedonian, son of Timander, was one of the generals of Alexander the Great, and after the conquest of Syria was appointed by Alexander satrap of that country. In 328 BC, he led reinforcements from Syria to Alexander in eastern Asia, and there became involved in the conspiracy which was formed by Hermolaus against the life of the king. He seems to be the same as the one whom Antigonus, in 316, made satrap of Persia; but he must be distinguished from an Asclepiodorus, a general of Cassander, mentioned by Diodorus.
Ascepiodorus was also secretary of Eurydice III of Macedon and an appointed trierarch of Nearchus in 326.

## Citations

* ↑ Arrian, Anab. iv. 13, Ind. 18; Curtius, vii. 10, viii. 6
* ↑ Diodorus, xix. 48
* ↑ Diodorus, xix. 60
# Hesar-e Shalpush

Hesar-e Shalpush (Persian: حصارشالپوش, also Romanized as Ḩeşār-e Shālpūsh; also known as Ḩeşār and Qal‘eh-ye Bālā) is a village in Malard Rural District, in the Central District of Malard County, Tehran Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 324, in 80 families.
# Sunsky District

Sunsky District (Russian: Су́нский райо́н) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the thirty-nine in Kirov Oblast, Russia. It is located in the center of the oblast. The area of the district is 1,260 square kilometers (490 sq mi). Its administrative center is the urban locality (an urban-type settlement) of Suna. Population: 6,784 (2010 Census); 8,636 (2002 Census); 10,150 (1989 Soviet census). The population of Suna accounts for 32.4% of the district's total population.
# Narach

Narach or Naroch (Belarusian: Нарач; Russian: Нарочь) may refer to:
* Narach (lake), Belarus
* Narach (town), Belarus
* Narach (village), Belarus
* Narach (river), Belarus
# K-10S

The Raduga K-10S (NATO reporting name: AS-2 Kipper) was a Soviet supersonic anti-ship missile that was usually nuclear-armed, designed by MKB Raduga. Its development began in 1955, and it entered service with the Soviet armed forces in 1961. The Kipper missile was a very large one, approximately the size of a small jet fighter, because of the rather primitive state of anti-ship missile technology in the 1950s and 1960s. This missile was never used in combat anywhere.
The AS-2's dedicated launch platform, the Tu-16K-10 Badger C, could carry a single AS-2, semi-recessed in the bomb bay. The Kipper's long range enabled it to be launched, hypothetically, from beyond the range of any shipboard surface-to-air missiles or anti-aircraft guns of that time. The only defense against the Kipper was naval jet fighter aircraft, operating from either an aircraft carrier or a shore airfield.
In flight tests, the Kipper cruised on its approach to a target at an altitude of about 10,000 meters, using inertial guidance until it reaches a range of about 100 to 110 kilometers from the target, where it enters a shallow 15 degree dive, commanded by a mid-course update via radio link. When it reaches a range of 60 to 70 kilometers it levels out at an altitude of between 800 and 1,000 meters where it cruises until it reaches a range of 10 to 16 kilometers, when the missile's active radar homing guidance is engaged. It then enters a dive, striking the target vessel close to or below the waterline.