OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# GNU All-permissive License

The GNU All-permissive License is a lax, permissive (non-copyleft) free software license, compatible with the GNU General Public License, recommended by the Free Software Foundation for README and other small supporting files (under 300 lines long).
It is a minimal license, composed of only two paragraphs, that normally covers single files rather than entire projects (although it is possible to replace the word "file" with "project" or "software" in the text). Its main purpose is to license minor files that do not need to be covered by the GNU General Public License in GPL-licensed projects.
The SPDX identifier for this license is FSFAP.

## License Terms

The full text of the license is the following:
Older versions of this license did not have the second sentence with the express warranty disclaimer.

## Derived licenses

The Æsthetic Permissive License has been derived from a combination of the GNU All-permissive License and the Fair License.
# Bidwell, Bedfordshire

Bidwell is a hamlet located within the Parish of Houghton Regis in Central Bedfordshire, England.
Originally a small rural settlement, Bidwell is now a housing development area of the town.
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# Podgorny, Republic of Bashkortostan

Podgorny (Russian: Подгорный) is a rural locality (a village) in Makarovsky Selsoviet, Ishimbaysky District, Bashkortostan, Russia. The population was 26 as of 2010. There are 2 streets.

## Geography

Podgorny is located 52 km northeast of Ishimbay (the district's administrative centre) by road. Ziganovka is the nearest rural locality.
# Guča (selo)

Guča (selo) is a village in the municipality of Lučani, Serbia. According to the 2011 census, the village has a population of 1,955 people.
# Victor M. Hansen

Victor M. Hansen is an American lawyer and military officer, and a professor of law at the New England School of Law, in Boston.
Hansen is notable for his wide publications on military justice and the treatment of captives held in extrajudicial detention by the Bush Presidency.

## Publications

* Victor M. Hansen. "The Jordan Abu Ghraib Verdict: Command Responsibility in the UCMJ". The Jurist. Retrieved 2007-09-06.
* Victor M. Hansen (December 15, 2005). "No Secret Rules on Torture". Washington Post. Retrieved 2007-09-06.
* Victor M. Hansen (May 2006). "Going Native at Guantanamo: When Government Lawyers Lose Their Way". Jurist Forum. Retrieved 2007-09-06.
* Victor M. Hansen, Lawrence M. Friedman (March 2006). "The Army and the Constitution: Time for Congress to Step In". Jurist Forum. Retrieved 2007-09-06.
* Victor M. Hansen, Lawrence M. Friedman (September 2006). "Congress Should Champion the Advice of Military Lawyers". Jurist Forum. Retrieved 2007-09-06.
# FC Spartak Ryazan

FC Spartak Ryazan (Russian: ФК «Спартак» Рязань) was a Russian football team from Ryazan. It played professionally in 1949 and from 1959 to 1999. It played on the second-highest level (Soviet First League and Russian First Division) in 1949, 1959–1962, 1968 and 1992–1993. The best position they achieved was 2nd place in 1992.
The team was dissolved after the 1999 season, and their spot in the Russian Second Division was taken over by FC Ryazan, that club renamed itself to FC Spartak Ryazan for a part of the 2000 season only.

## Team name history

* 1937 – FC Spartak Ryazan
* 1938 – Ryazan City Team
* 1939–1958 – FC Spartak Ryazan
* 1959–1960 – FC Trud Ryazan
* 1961–1967 – FC Spartak Ryazan
* 1968 – FC Zvezda Ryazan
* 1969–1986 – FC Spartak Ryazan
* 1987 – FC Sapphire Ryazan
* 1988–1994 – FC Torpedo Ryazan
* 1995–1999 – FC Spartak Ryazan
# Shelia Nash-Stevenson

Shelia Nash-Stevenson is an American physicist and engineer. Nash-Stevenson was the first Black woman in Alabama to earn a PhD in physics.

## Early life and education

Nash-Stevenson was born and raised in Lawrence County, Alabama. She graduated from Austin High School at the age of sixteen. She studied science and electronic and electrical engineering at Alabama A&M University in 1981. She was the first person to graduate from the Alabama A&M University physics masters program, where she was a NASA Fellow. She worked at Marshall Space Flight Center. Her professor, M. C. George, encouraged her to enter a PhD program. She was the first African-American woman to earn a doctorate in physics at the Alabama A&M University in 1994. During her postgraduate studies she had two children. She is three-times magna cum laude. At the time she was one of fewer than twenty African-American women with a physics PhD in the United States. She was a member of the Delta Sigma Theta sorority. She worked on photon avalanche upconversion.

## Career

Nash-Stevenson joined the United States Army Ballistic Missile Defense Systems Command. She holds a patent for an optical fiber holder. She joined Nichols Research Corporation as a scientist, then Hughes Aircraft Company as a technical researcher. She joined the instrumentation group in Marshall Space Flight Center's avionics lab, where she worked for nearly ten years. She was awarded a NASA Fellowship in 1998, and eventually joined the space craft and vehicle systems group. During her fellowship she returned to Alabama A&M University as a professor. She was at Kennedy Space Center to watch the STS-95 launch. She spoke at the 2013 Conference for Undergraduate Women in Physics.
In 2013 Huntsville, Alabama recognised her efforts for the community. She is the only African-American to serve on the Madison City School Board and she's a member of the Madison Rotary Club.
She won the Modern Figure award of NASA and was selected to attend the premiere of Hidden Figures. She took part in several panel discussions and interviews after the film was released. She gave the convocation talk at Elms College in 2017. In 2018 she was honoured by the WEDC Foundation Women Honoring Women program. She was featured in the AT&T Alabama African-American calendar.
# Norwegian Police Cross of Honour

The Norwegian Police Cross of Honour (Norwegian: Politiets hederskors/Politiets heiderskross) is a medal which is awarded by the head of the National Police Directorate of Norway to Norwegian police personnel for helping to prevent loss of life or damage to equipment and property by act of ingenuity in perilous conditions. After having been discontinued since 2012, it was awarded in 2019 to retired Director of Public Prosecutions Tor-Aksel Busch, and is currently an active award.

## Appearance of the Award

* It is a cross of gilded metal suspended from a stylised spray of oak leaves.
* On the obverse the arms of the cross are enamelled white. In the centre is the emblem of the Norwegian Police Service: the Norwegian Coat of Arms (a gold lion on a red field) on a gold background engraved with fasces. This is surrounded by a wreath of oak leaves.
* The reverse, unenamelled, bears the words HONOR ET MERITUM (Honour and Merit) in three lines on a circle at the centre of the cross.
* The ribbon is black with double yellow edges.

## Notable recipients

* Gunnar Sønsteby
# Inge Bernstein

Ingeborg Bernstein (née Schwarz, 24 February 1931 – 26 April 2022) was an Austrian-born English circuit judge.

## Early life and education

Ingeborg Schwarz was born on 24 February 1931 in Vienna, Austria, to Anna and Herman Schwarz. Her mother died when Ingeborg was only two and she was raised by her father and her grandmother Regina Politzer. The family were Jewish and her childhood was affected by the increasing persecution. After Kristallnacht, her grandmother worked with a cousin, Lisl Herlinger, to find foster parents in Britain, and at the age of eight Ingeborg Schwarz left Vienna on a Kindertransport train and was taken in by Sarah and Eli Bernstein in Liverpool. She never saw her birth family again, learning of their deaths when she was fourteen. She was adopted by the Bernsteins.
Bernstein studied at Peterborough County School and St Edmund's College before moving to Liverpool and graduating from the University of Liverpool in November 1952.

## Career

From 1952 until 1991, she worked for the Liverpool Chambers (becoming a recorder in 1978 and head of the chambers in 1988). She was also a member of the Mental Health Act Commission from 1984 until 1986 and was president of the Mental Health Review Tribunal. From 1991 until 2001, she was a circuit judge.
In 1994, she used the racist phrase "nigger in the woodpile" in relation to two police officers in a summation to a Liverpool county court jury. She immediately apologised for the turn of phrase. However, the plaintiff Valentine Reid, a black man, brought a damages action to the Court of Appeal (Reid v Chief Constable of Merseyside), supported by Peter Herbert, the chair of the Society of Black Lawyers. The appeal was rejected in 1996, ruled as an inadvertent (but highly offensive and inappropriate) slip of the tongue which was immediately withdrawn, and one which did not refer to the plaintiff or prejudice the jury against him.

## Personal life

Bernstein retired in 2001. From 2001 to 2002, she was director of the Alternative Futures Group, a health and social care charity provider. Bernstein died on 26 April 2022, at the age of 91.
# Vashian-e Karim Hoseyn

Vashian-e Karim Hoseyn (Persian: واشيان كرم حسين, also Romanized as Vāshīān-e Karim Ḩoseyn) is a village in Miyankuh-e Gharbi Rural District, in the Central District of Pol-e Dokhtar County, Lorestan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 81, in 16 families.
# Deinias of Argos

Deinias of Argos (Ancient Greek: Δεινίας) was an ancient Greek philosopher and historian of the 3rd century BC. In 252 BC he joined with Aristotle the Dialectician in an attempt to overthrow the rule of the tyrant Abantidas of Sicyon. The two philosophers killed Abantidas during a public debate, but the tyrant's father Paseas took control of the situation and expelled the rebels. Deinias went into exile in Argos where he wrote an important History of Argos which probably ended with the death of the tyrant Aristippus of Argos in 235 BC.
# Lake Ayalew

Lake Ayalew (Amharic: ላቀ አያሌው) is an Ethiopian politician who is Minister of Revenue since 2021. He was acting President of Amhara Region from 23 June 2019 after the assassination of then-President Ambachew Mekonnen. He remained acting governor of Amhara Region throughout 2019. Lake was a member of Central Committee of the Amhara Democratic Party in October 2018.
# Frehiwot Tamiru

Frehiwot Tamiru (Amharic: ፍሬህይወት ታምሩ) is an Ethiopian public official who is currently the CEO of Ethio telecom, a major telecommunication and internet provider in Ethiopia since 25 July 2018.

## Career and education

Frehiwot was born and raised in Addis Ababa. She has Master of Business Administration from Open University in UK and Bachelor of Science in Information System. She also worked in regional minister of construction, transport and communication in Afar Region.
Soon after, she worked as deputy CEO of the former Ethiopian Telecommunication Communication for Internal Support Service. She then left to establish her own company called Doxa IT Technology Plc. Until 2018, Frehiwot has worked in board member of Ethio telecom, a major telecommunication and internet provider in the country. On 25 July 2018, Frehiwot was appointed by Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed as CEO of Ethio telecom, succeeding Andualem Admassie. She became a member of Prosperity Party.
Under her leadership, Ethio telecom saw a significant growth in the subscriber base and revenue, as the tariff made of 40%-50%. The company became state-owned with its telecom sector. On 5 October 2023, Frehiwot was ranked in 2023 laureates of Choiseul 100 Africa Economic Leaders of Tomorrow, a list of young African leaders who influence the economic development in the continent. She also awarded the 2022 CEO Awards on 30 July 2022 organized in Ghana and Mauritius.
# 1870s in American soccer

Notable events in American soccer during the 1870s.

## 1870
### International matches

No international matches were played during the 1870 calendar year.

### Club matches

The following are known American soccer club matches that were played in 1870.
| Date | Competition | Team 1 | Score | Team 2 | Stadium | Location |
| January 30, 1870 | Friendly | Adelphi Academy | Unknown | Unknown | Unknown | Unknown |
| October 11, 1870 | Friendly | Rutgers 1874 | 1–6 | Rutgers 1873 | College Field | New Brunswick, New Jersey |
| October 31, 1870 | Friendly | Yale 1872 | 0–0 | Yale 1873 | The Green | Hanover, New Hampshire |
| November 2, 1870 | Friendly | Dartmouth 1874 | L–W | Dartmouth 1873 | The Green | Hanover, New Hampshire |
| November 5, 1870 | Friendly | Dartmouth 1874 | L–W | Dartmouth 1873 | The Green | Hanover, New Hampshire |
| November 12, 1870 | Friendly | Columbia University | 3–6 | Rutgers University | College Field | New Brunswick, New Jersey |
| November 13, 1870 | Friendly | Yale 1872 | 2–0 | Yale 1873 | Lake Place | New Haven, Connecticut |
Source: SoccerStats.us

## 1871
### International matches

No international matches were played during the 1871 calendar year.

### Club matches

The following are known American soccer club matches that were played in 1871.

## 1872
### International matches

No international matches were played during the 1871 calendar year.

### Club matches

The following are known American soccer club matches that were played in 1872.

## 1873
### International matches

No international matches were played during the 1871 calendar year.

### Club matches

The following are known American soccer club matches that were played in 1873.

## 1874
### International matches

No international matches were played during the 1871 calendar year.

### Club matches

The following are known American soccer club matches that were played in 1874.

## 1875
### International matches

No international matches were played during the 1871 calendar year.

### Club matches

The following are known American soccer club matches that were played in 1875.

## 1876
### International matches

No international matches were played during the 1871 calendar year.

### Club matches

The following are known American soccer club matches that were played in 1876.

## 1877
### International matches

No international matches were played during the 1871 calendar year.

### Club matches

The following are known American soccer club matches that were played in 1877.

## 1878
### International matches

No international matches were played during the 1871 calendar year.

### Club matches

The following are known American soccer club matches that were played in 1878.

## 1879
### International matches

No international matches were played during the 1871 calendar year.

### Club matches

The following are known American soccer club matches that were played in 1879.
# Vestgrensa (station)

Vestgrensa (originally Ullevål Haveby) was a light rail station on the Sognsvann Line of the Oslo Metro in Norway. It opened on 10 October 1934, and was located between Blindern and Ullevål stadion stations. The station was rebuilt when the Sognsvann Line was upgraded from light rail to metro standard in the early 1990s. It was closed on 22 August 1999, when it was replaced by the new station Forskningsparken.

## History

Ullevål Haveby station opened on 10 October 1934, when Akersbanerne had built a light rail line from Majorstuen to Sognsvann. The line was double-tracked from Majorstuen to Korsvoll (now Østhorn), and single-tracked from there to Sognsvann. On 21 February 1939, the section from Korsvoll to Sognsvann was upgraded to double tracks, and the station Korsvoll had its name changed to Østhorn. Ullevål Haveby station changed also name, to Vestgrensa, to avoid confusion with the northbound Ullevål stadion station.
Vestgrensa was part of Holmenkolbanen's operating network until 1975, when the municipality of Oslo bought all the company's stock. In the early 1990s, the stations on the Sognsvann Line were upgraded to metro standard, which involved a heightening and lengthening of the platforms, and installation of a third rail power supply and a new signaling system. The electrified third rail made it impossible for passengers to cross at track level, and under- or overpasses had to be built at all stations.
In 1992, the transport authorities of Oslo decided to close Nordberg and Frøen stations, on the grounds that these stations were too expensive to maintain. The platforms at Vestgrensa were moved a few metres to adjust to the metro trains. Seven years later, on 22 August 1999, Vestgrensa was closed and replaced with the newly opened Forskningsparken Station.

## Location

Vestgrensa was located in the Ullevål Hageby neighbourhood in Oslo, between the Oslo Innovation Center (Norwegian: Forskningsparken) and the football stadium Ullevaal Stadion. The station was positioned on an elevated embankment, some metres from a bridge over a pedestrian walkway also named Vestgrensa. The station served the residential area in Ullevål Hageby, as well as the University of Oslo at Blindern. A scout hut was in many years located close to the station.

## Footnotes

* ↑ Frøen Station was only closed on the Sognsvann Line, and is still served by the Holmenkollen Line.
# Sarcoprion

Sarcoprion (from the Ancient Greek, "flesh saw") is an extinct genus of eugeneodont holocephalan from the Permian of Greenland. Similar to other helicoprionids such as Agassizodus and Helicoprion, it possessed tooth whorls on the symphysis of the jaw as well as flattened, pavement-type teeth. It is distinguished from other members of its family by the presence of sharp, symphyseal teeth on both the upper and lower jaws. The tooth whorl on the lower jaw bore sharp, compact tooth crowns, while a row of backward facing, triangular teeth was present on the roof of the mouth. The preserved material does not show evidence of a distinct upper jaw, implying it may have been fused to the cranium, reduced, or lost entirely. The type and only species in the genus is S. edax.

## Description

* Fish portal
* Palaeontology portal
Sarcoprion had a thin, pointed snout, with proportionally small tooth whorls and a greatly elongated rostrum compared to its relatives for which comparable skull material is known. The most complete known specimen consists only of a partial cranium and lower jaws.
# Ivan Usov

Ivan Alekseyevich Usov (Russian: Иван Алексеевич Усов, born 7 October 1977 in Krasnoyarsk) is a freestyle swimmer from Russia. He won a gold medal in the 4×100 freestyle relay at the 2003 World Aquatics Championships and silver in the 4×100 freestyle at the 2004 European Championships in Madrid. He represented his native country at the 2004 Summer Olympics in Athens, where he swam in the preliminary heats of the 4 × 100 m freestyle.
# Finnøy Tunnel

The Finnøy Tunnel or Finnøy Fixed Link (Norwegian: Finnøytunnelen or Finnfast) is an undersea road tunnel in the municipality of Stavanger in Rogaland county, Norway. It connects the island of Finnøy to the nearby island of Rennesøy, and ultimately to the city of Stavanger on the mainland. The main tunnel is 5,685 metres (3.53 mi) long and it also includes a 1,467-metre (0.91 mi) long arm, which connects the tunnel to the island of Talgje.
Located on County Road 519, the tunnel opened on 30 October 2009 and cost 530 million kr. The Talgje branch of the tunnel is part of County Road 606. The entire tunnel has a total of about 7,000 metres (4.3 mi) of tunnel, including the branch to Talgje. The tunnel reaches a lowest depth of 200 metres (660 ft) below sea level, with a maximum grade of 9%. The Talgje branch is slightly steeper, with a maximum grade of 10.2%. The main tunnel is two lanes, but the Talgje branch is only one lane wide, with passing areas that are slightly wider.
# Khadzhimurat Akkaev

Khadzhimurat Magomedovich Akkaev (Russian: Хаджимурат Магомедович Аккаев, Karachay-Balkar: Аккайланы Магомедни жашы Хаджимурат, romanized: Akkaylanı Magomedni caşı Xacimurat; born March 27, 1985, in Tyrnyauz, Kabardino-Balkaria, USSR) is a Russian weightlifter.

## Career

Akkaev competed in the men's 94 kg category at the 2004 Summer Olympics in Athens, where he won a silver medal. He is 178 cm/5 ft 10 tall and weighs 105 kg/231 lb.
At the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing, he originally was awarded the bronze medal in the 94 kg category, with a total of 402 kg. In 2016, he was stripped of the medal after his sample tested positive for steroids.
Akkaev has moved up into −105 kg weight category as a replacement for Dmitry Lapikov and Dmitry Klokov. He won the 2011 European Weightlifting Championships in Kazan, with a total of 425 kg.
He became the 2011 World Champion in Paris, beating his compatriot Dmitry Klokov by 2 kg with a total of 430 kg.
Akkaev was scheduled to compete at the 2012 Summer Olympics in the 105 kg class but was forced to withdraw due to a back injury. On January 13, 2012, Akkaev was found to have failed a doping test prior to 2012 Olympic Games. He was provisionally suspended in January 2017, and finally in January 2019 he was disqualified for eight years, starting from 2 August 2016 until 1 August 2024.

## Major results

| Year | Venue | Weight | Snatch (kg) | Snatch (kg) | Snatch (kg) | Snatch (kg) | Clean & Jerk (kg) | Clean & Jerk (kg) | Clean & Jerk (kg) | Clean & Jerk (kg) | Total | Rank |
| Year | Venue | Weight | 1 | 2 | 3 | Rank | 1 | 2 | 3 | Rank | Total | Rank |
| Olympic Games |||||||||||||
| 2004 | Athens, Greece | 94 kg | 180.0 | 185.0 | 187.5 | 2 | 215.0 | 220.0 | 220.0 | 4 | 405.0 | |
| 2008 | Beijing, China | 94 kg | 178 | 182 | 185 | — | 212 | 215 | 217 | — | — | DSQ |
| World Championships |||||||||||||
| 2011 | Paris, France | 105 kg | 190 | 195 | 198 | | 222 | 228 | 232 | | 430 | |
| European Championships |||||||||||||
| 2010 | Minsk, Belarus | 94 kg | 180 | 180 | 180 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2011 | Kazan, Russia | 105 kg | 185 | 190 | 195 | | 220 | 225 | 230 | | 425 | |