OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Cheiracanthus

Cheiracanthus (from Greek: χείρ kheír, 'hand' and Greek: ἄκανθα akantha, 'spine') is an extinct genus of a group of fish called Acanthodii (or "spiny sharks"). It was a deep-bodied acanthodian about 12 in. (30 cm) in length. It had a blunt head, upturned tail, and fins protected by spines. Unlike many other acanthodians, it had one, solitary dorsal fin. Cheiracanthus swam at mid-depth in lakes and rivers, seizing small prey in its gaping jaws. Whole fossils of this fish occur only in Mid-Devonian rocks in Scotland, but its distinctive small, ornamented scales crop up around the world, as far south as Antarctica.
# Mahbubul Huq

Mahbubul Huq was a Member of the 3rd National Assembly of Pakistan as a representative of East Pakistan.

## Career

Huq was a Member of the 3rd National Assembly of Pakistan representing Comilla-cum-Noakhali. He was a member of an Inquiry Commission led by Abdul Jabbar Khan to investigate Muslims evicted from Tripura and Assam and forced into East Pakistan.
Huq was born at Farhadnagar, Feni. He was one of the forgotten heroes who actively fought for the freedom of the then East Pakistan people. His leadership traits earned him the title "Black Terror of Bengal" during Ayub regime.
1945: Huq joined the Trade Union (Asaam Bengal Railway) movement with Mr. Jyoti Basu in Asaam (Lamding) at the age of 22. 1948: He became the General Secretary of EPREL with Sher-E-Bangla AK Fazlul Haq's running mate 1952: Honored by Industrial Tribunal formed by the Government of Pakistan to represent EPREL (though he was not a lawyer) in place of Barrister Hamidul Haq Chowdhury. EPREL won the tribunal case. Actively participated in the Rashtro Bhasha Andolon (Language Movement) through EPREL, Weekly Sainik and Tamuddin Majlish. Labour leader Mahbubul Huq's contribution to establish Bangla as the National Language of Bangladesh has been written in history as well. https://www.tbsnews.net/bangladesh/unsung-language-movement-heroes-chattogram-373924. 1954: Nominated from the "Haq-Bhashani" Jukto Front for the then Provincial Assembly of East Pakistan 1956: Started publishing the Weekly Pallibarta from Feni as Editor. Mr. Belal Chowdhury was acting Editor 1958: Joined Daily Pakistan Observer as Commercial Manager and was promoted to Managing Editor in 1967 1964: Bangabondhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman received Huq after returning from West Pakistan at Dhaka Airport for pro-people activism in the then Pakistan parliament. 1965: Bangabondhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman sponsored Huq for nomination as COP candidate for National Assembly of Pakistan 1967: Got elected unopposed President of EPREL and continued till 1971. 1969: Started Daily Purbodesh from Observer House, Dhaka. He was the founder editor of Purbadesh, naming the newspaper indicating a pseudo-name for a separate country 'Bangladesh' 1974: Joined Daily Janapad as advisor and continued till he died on 5 June 1974.
Despite his not being a trained lawyer, he defeated Hamoodur Rahman, Bar at Law, in 1952 in the Industrial Tribunal (Railway) case. He ran the Observer Group efficiently without even being a journalist by training. Huq was a leader by example, a journalist par excellence, and a trade unionist by heart.
# Bulgarian Democratic Center

Bulgarian Democratic Center (Bulgarian: Български Демократичен Център – an acronym for "Bulgarian Democratic Center"), formerly (Lider – Liberal Initiative for Democratic European Development) is a Bulgarian political party registered in 2007.

## Participation in elections

Lider participated in the 2009 European Parliament election together with the center-right political party Novoto Vreme and gathered 5.7% of the vote, which was just under the electoral quota. Lider participated in the 2009 parliamentary election outside of any right-wing coalition, winning only 3.3% of the votes and therefore failing to secure parliamentary representation.
Lider did not nominate a candidate for the 2011 presidential election.
In the 2013 parliamentary elections Lider polled 61,482 (1.74%) votes. Once again the party failed to cross the 4% threshold for representation.
# Mayminsky District

Mayminsky District (Russian: Ма́йминский райо́н; Altay: Майма аймак, Mayma aymak) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the ten in the Altai Republic, Russia. It is located in the northwest of the republic. The area of the district is 1,285 square kilometers (496 sq mi). Its administrative center is the rural locality (a selo) of Mayma. As of the 2010 Census, the total population of the district was 28,642, with the population of Mayma accounting for 56.5% of that number.

## History

The district was established on February 15, 1938.

## Administrative and municipal status

Within the framework of administrative divisions, Mayminsky District is one of the ten in the Altai Republic. As a municipal division, the district is incorporated as Mayminsky Municipal District. Both administrative and municipal districts are divided into the same six rural settlements, comprising twenty-five rural localities. The selo of Mayma serves as the administrative center of both the administrative and municipal district.

## Economy

The district's economy is agricultural in nature, with developed beekeeping and the cultivation of hops.
# 1917 South Longford by-election

The 1917 South Longford by-election was held on 9 May 1917 due to the death of the incumbent Irish Parliamentary MP, John Phillips. The by-election ended in a surprise Sinn Féin victory over the Irish Parliamentary Party following a very close vote. The result was not announced until 10 May due to a recount.
Joseph McGuinness was selected against his will as Sinn Féin's candidate for the by-election. The prisoners in HM Prison Lewes, where McGuinness and other leaders of the Easter Rising were being held, were opposed to standing a candidate because the Irish Parliamentary Party looked likely to win, so McGuinness declined to stand. However, Michael Collins had him nominated anyway. His election slogan was "Put him in to get him out!".
The result of the by-election increased pressure on the British Government to free the remaining Irish prisoners in Lewes. They were eventually freed in June 1917.
By-election 9 May 1917: Longford South :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| | Sinn Féin | Joseph McGuinness | 1,498 | 50.6 | New |
| | Irish Parliamentary | Patrick McKenna | 1,461 | 49.4 | N/A |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 37 | 1.2 | N/A |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 2,959 | 76.8 | N/A |
| | Sinn Féin gain from Irish Nationalist | Sinn Féin gain from Irish Nationalist | Swing | N/A | |
McGuinness subsequently sat for the Longford Constituency in the Dáil Éireann.
# Mill City, Nevada

Mill City is an unincorporated community in Pershing County, Nevada, United States. The ZIP Code of Mill City is 89418.
Mill City had its start as a mining community. The community was named for a quartz mill near the original town site. A post office called Mill City was in operation from 1864 until 1948.
The community is four miles (6.4 km) north of Imlay on Interstate 80. The Humboldt River is to the northwest and the northern end of the Humboldt Range lies to the east. State Route 400 passes through the town, continuing south towards Unionville. The Midway truck stop is located in Mill City, offering services to visitors and the dwindling population.
# Baghcheh, Il Teymur

Baghcheh (Persian: باغچه, also Romanized as Bāghcheh; also known as Bāghcheh Bozorg) is a village in Il Teymur Rural District, in the Central District of Bukan County, West Azerbaijan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 399, in 70 families.
# Darah Gerdaleh

Darah Gerdaleh (Persian: داره گردله, also Romanized as Dārah Gardaleh; also known as Dār Gerdaleh and Dār Gerdāleh) is a village in Il Teymur Rural District, in the Central District of Bukan County, West Azerbaijan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 140, comprising 26 families.
# A Night of Change

A Night of Change (German: Nacht der Verwandlung) is a 1935 German drama film directed by Hans Deppe and starring Gustav Fröhlich, Heinrich George, and Rose Stradner. It was made at the Grunewald Studios in Berlin. The film's sets were designed by the art director Fritz Maurischat and Karl Weber.

## Cast

* Gustav Fröhlich as Frank Cornelius
* Heinrich George as Boris Pettkoff
* Rose Stradner as Maria, seine Frau
* Ellen Frank as Fräulein Neville
* Max Gülstorff as Philippe de Brissac, Senator
* Gertrud Wolle as Amélie, seine Frau
* F.W. Schröder-Schrom as Professor Janta
* Harry Hardt as Kommissar Nicole
* Hans von Zedlitz as Direktor Berthier
* Else Lüders as Seine Frau
* Arthur Reinhardt as Ein Kriminalbeamter
* Walter Steinweg as Rundfunkansager
* Otto Graf as René Duval
* Hans Albin
* Lothar Devaal
* Lucie Euler
* Edmund Firsbach
* Ilse Pütz
* Ernesto Remani
* Robert Vincenti-Lieffertz
# Elmabad, West Azerbaijan

Elmabad (Persian: علم اباد, also Romanized as ‘Elmābād) is a village in Il Teymur Rural District, in the Central District of Bukan County, West Azerbaijan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 101, in 19 families.
# Naiskos

The naiskos (pl.: naiskoi; Greek: ναΐσκος, diminutive of ναός, "temple") is a small temple in classical order with columns or pillars and pediment.

## Ancient Greece

Often applied as an artificial motif, it is common in ancient art. It is also found in the funeral architecture of the ancient Attic cemeteries as grave reliefs or shrines with statues, such as the stele of Aristonautes from Kerameikos in Athens and in the black-figure and red-figure pottery of ancient Greece at the Loutrophoros and the Lekythos and the red-figure wares of Apulia in South Italy.

## Other styles

There also exist naiskos-type figurines or other types of temples formed in terracotta, examples of which abound at the Louvre Museum in Paris. The form of the naiskos suggests a religious context, relating especially to Greek funerary culture. Some of the Hellenistic inscriptions found in the Bay of Grama are placed inside a naiskos, and in this case the religious context is an invocation of Castor and Pollux (Dioskouroi) for a safe passage across the Adriatic, rather than funerary.
A similar style, called the aedicula, is observed in Roman art.
# Céran

Céran (French pronunciation:; Occitan: Ceran) is a commune in the Gers department in southwestern France.

## Geography

The river Auroue forms part of the commune's eastern border.
# Nymphodorus (physician)

Nymphodorus, (Greek: Νυμφόδωρος; 3rd century BC), a Greek physician, who must have lived in or before the 3rd century BC, as he is mentioned by Heraclides of Tarentum. He was celebrated for the invention of a machine for the reduction of dislocations, called glossokomon (Greek: γλωσσόκομον), which was afterwards somewhat modified by Aristion, and of which a description is given by Oribasius. He is mentioned by Celsus along with several other eminent surgeons.
# Kinosterninae

Kinosterninae is a subfamily of the family Kinosternidae, a family of aquatic turtles. Kinosterninae contains the genera Kinosternon and Sternotherus, which are native to much of the United States and northern Mexico. There are 27 species from 4 genera in the two subfamilies Staurotypinae and Kinosterninae.
# The Fall of the Damned (Bouts)

The Fall of the Damned (Dutch: De Val van de verdoemden) is an oil on panel painting by the Early Netherlandish painter Dieric Bouts, completed in 1470. It was produced as the rightmost section of a triptych of a Last Judgment scene commissioned for the town hall of Louvain, Belgium, in 1468. The central panel of the triptych is lost, but the left side panel (or shutter), the Ascension of the Elect, survives along with the Fall of the Damned. The set of images would have drawn narrative inspiration from Genesis 2:10, the Book of Revelation and from the Purgatory of St Patrick, a 14th-century Irish manuscript by Berol telling of Sir Owein's legendary trip to Purgatory. The Fall has been on permanent loan from the Louvre to the Palais des Beaux-Arts de Lille, where it has been reunited with the Ascension since 1957.
The triptych was commissioned for the town hall of Louvain in mid-1468, with a contract signed later that year. Records further show that it would have been completed in 1469 and installed in the town hall in 1470. "The appearance of the missing central panel is known from a crude copy in the Munich Alte Pinakothek."
Writers note how the two outer paintings function as pendants in their striking but harmonious pairing, featuring a green, earthly paradise on the left against the "contrasting shapes, color, figures and their expressions of torment" in the right panel. There, Hilde Clase writes, "in a volcanic landscape, the damned are sinking into the hell from the weight of their sins" in a "well-balanced composition."
Further evidence for the relationship of the two works is drawn from the alignment of carpentry and metalwork for hinges and a lock, suggesting the outer panels would have served as shutters over a central panel while in closed position.
Max Friedländer assigned the panel as "belong[ing] to the master's mature works."
Bouts evidently took inspiration for the theme and content from the conventional depiction of the Last Judgment, but also the Visio Tnugdali. Art historians have found sources for Bouts specific choices in the work of Rogier van der Weyden (for example, his Last Judgment in Beaune), from Hans Memling's treatment of the subject in Gdansk and from the pictorial tradition of illuminated manuscripts The composition and mood of Bouts' example were taken up by Hieronymus Bosch in his Fall of the Damned into Hell from 1490 and Simon Marmion's Visions of Tondal from 1475. The Bouts painting received cleaning, repair, or conservation treatments in 1543, 1628, 1904, 1941, 1951, 1971 and 1997.
# Bogdanovka, Konyshyovsky District, Kursk Oblast

Bogdanovka (Russian: Богдановка) is a rural locality (Russian: деревня, lit. 'village') in Mashkinsky Selsoviet Rural Settlement, Konyshyovsky District, Kursk Oblast, Russia. Population: 18 (2010 Census); 33 (2002 Census);

## Geography

The village is located in the Belichka River basin (a left tributary of the Svapa River), 67 km from the Russia–Ukraine border, 62 km north-west of Kursk, 14 km north-east of the district center – the urban-type settlement Konyshyovka, 3 km from the selsoviet center – Mashkino.

### Climate

Bogdanovka has a warm-summer humid continental climate (Dfb in the Köppen climate classification).
Climate data for Bogdanovka :
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | −4.2 (24.4) | −3.2 (26.2) | 2.6 (36.7) | 12.7 (54.9) | 19 (66) | 22.3 (72.1) | 24.9 (76.8) | 24.1 (75.4) | 17.8 (64.0) | 10.3 (50.5) | 3.2 (37.8) | −1.3 (29.7) | 10.7 (51.2) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | −6.2 (20.8) | −5.7 (21.7) | −0.9 (30.4) | 8 (46) | 14.4 (57.9) | 18.1 (64.6) | 20.6 (69.1) | 19.6 (67.3) | 13.7 (56.7) | 7.1 (44.8) | 1.1 (34.0) | −3.2 (26.2) | 7.2 (45.0) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −8.5 (16.7) | −8.6 (16.5) | −4.9 (23.2) | 2.6 (36.7) | 8.9 (48.0) | 12.8 (55.0) | 15.7 (60.3) | 14.6 (58.3) | 9.6 (49.3) | 3.9 (39.0) | −1.1 (30.0) | −5.3 (22.5) | 3.3 (38.0) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 51 (2.0) | 45 (1.8) | 47 (1.9) | 51 (2.0) | 63 (2.5) | 70 (2.8) | 80 (3.1) | 56 (2.2) | 59 (2.3) | 58 (2.3) | 49 (1.9) | 50 (2.0) | 679 (26.8) |
| Source: https://en.climate-data.org/asia/russian-federation/kursk-oblast/богдановка-553484/ ||||||||||||||

## Transport

Bogdanovka is located 60 km from the federal route M-3 Ukraine Highway, 35 km from the route M-2 Crimea Highway, 30.5 km from the route A-142 (Trosna – M3 highway), 14 km from the road of regional importance 38K-038 (Fatezh – Dmitriyev), 2 km from the road 38K-005 (Konyshyovka – Zhigayevo – 38K-038), on the road of intermunicipal significance 38Н-466 (Mashkino – Bogdanovka), 6.5 km from the nearest railway station Sokovninka (railway line Navlya – Lgov-Kiyevsky).
The rural locality is situated 68 km from Kursk Vostochny Airport, 168 km from Belgorod International Airport and 266 km from Voronezh Peter the Great Airport.
# Master of the Litoměřice Altarpiece

The Master of the Litoměřice Altarpiece was a Bohemian painter active from the end of the 15th century to the beginning of the 16th. Active in the International Gothic style, he was one of the first practitioners of Renaissance art north of the Alps, and had a heavy influence on the future of the Danube school.
The Master appears to have been active in Prague, likely part of a group of artists who worked at the court between about 1495 and 1500. He may have worked for a time in the Austrian Lowlands and in Vienna after 1502, and have had contact with the work of Jorg Breu. His name comes from an altarpiece painted for Litoměřice between 1502 and 1505. After this period he seems to have gone to Venice, there encountering Vittore Carpaccio and his school. In 1506 he painted a portrait of Albrecht de Kolowrat; this is the first fully Renaissance male portrait known from Bohemia. Between 1506 and 1508 he completed the decoration and painted a fresco for the chapel of Saint Wenceslaus in St. Vitus Cathedral in Prague, in which he was again inspired by Renaissance models. Between 1505 and 1510 he painted a triptych for the Strahov Monastery; before the latter year he painted an altarpiece of Saint Andrew, a fragment of which still exists in Brno. He also completed another altar painting, this on a commission from Jan de Wartemberk, which today is in the National Gallery in Prague.
The Master is not believed to have worked at the Bohemian court after 1510; rather it is thought that he began to seek out a bourgeois clientele. He is known to have remained in Prague; between 1510 and 1515 he created an altarpiece for the church of Our Lady of Tyn in that city. He had a studio at some point; with his pupils, between 1515 and 1520, he painted an Altarpiece of the Trinity.
It is likely that the Master was trained in his craft in southern Germany.

## Citations

* ↑ Kaufmann, Thomas DaCosta (1995). Court, Cloister, and City: The Art and Culture of Central Europe 1450-1800. University of Chicago Press. p. 64. ISBN 0-226-42729-3.
# Seyyedabad, Bukan

Seyyedabad (Persian: سيداباد, also Romanized as Seyyedābād) is a village in Il Teymur Rural District, in the Central District of Bukan County, West Azerbaijan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 128, in 23 families.
# Lyubov Dostoevskaya

Lyubov Fyodorovna Dostoevskaya (Russian: Любо́вь Фёдоровна Достое́вская; 14 September 1869 – 10 November 1926), also known by the name Aimée Dostoyevskaya, was a Russian writer and memoirist.

## Personal life

She was the second daughter of famous writer Fyodor Dostoevsky and his wife Anna. Their first, Sonya, was born in 1868 and died the same year.
Lyubov never married. Later in her life she became estranged from her mother and moved out of their house. In 1913, after a trip abroad for medical treatment, Lyubov decided to stay there, and she lived abroad until her death in 1926. At that period she was also known by the name Aimée Dostoyevskaya (Russian: Эме Достоевская).
She died in Italy of pernicious anemia.
Although Lyubov Dostoevskaya was Orthodox, the funeral rite was Catholic by mistake. A simple wooden cross on her grave was soon replaced by a small porphyry tomb. In 1931 Italia Letteraria magazine suggested that since Dostoevskaya was buried in Italy, it was the Italian government that should establish a memorial. In December 1931 a granite pedestal was constructed, with an epitaph written by the editor of Venezia Tridentina magazine. Her resting place in Gries has been preserved after cemetery reconstruction. Her tomb was moved to Bolzano city's cemetery in 1957.

## Works

Lyubov Dostoevskaya is best known for the book Dostoyevsky as Portrayed by His Daughter (German: Dostoejewski geschildert von seiner Tochter, also known as Dostoyevsky According to His Daughter), originally published in Munich in 1920. Her memoirs, written in French and published in German, were later translated into other European languages. In 1920 the book was released in Dutch (in Arnhem), the following year there were translations into Swedish and English, and in 1922 it was published in the United States and Italy. A Russian version, highly abridged, was published in 1922 by Gosudarstvennoe Izdatelstvo (Saint Petersburg) under the title "Достоевский в изображении его дочери Л. Достоевской".
The work contains many factual inaccuracies, partly because Lyubov was only 11 at the time of her father's death, and partly because she based the memoirs on her mother's stories. Many researchers tend to see this memoir as subjective and unreliable, citing as an example her bias in the description of the relationship between Dostoevsky and his first wife, Mariya Isayeva. Both Lyubov and her mother Anna expressed hatred towards Isayeva.
Her other works include the short story collection Bolnye devushki (Russian: Больные девушки; 1911), and the novels Emigrantka (Эмигрантка; 1912) and Advokatka (Адвокатка; 1913).

## English translations

* The Emigrant, (Novel), Constable and Co, London, 1916. from Archive.org
* Fyodor Dostoyevsky: A Study, Yale University Press, 1922. from Archive.org
# Villelongue-d'Aude

Villelongue-d'Aude (French pronunciation: ; Occitan: Vilalonga d'Aude) is a commune in the Aude department in southern France.
# Gorenja Vas, Gorenja Vas–Poljane

Gorenja Vas (pronounced; Slovene: Gorenja vas, German: Goreinawas) is a settlement in the Poljane Sora Valley and the administrative centre of the Municipality of Gorenja Vas–Poljane in the Upper Carniola region of Slovenia. In addition to the settlement core of Gorenja Vas itself, the settlement also consists of the hamlets of Sestranska Vas (Slovene: Sestranska vas) north of the Poljane Sora River, and Trata and Lajše south of the settlement core.

## Religious heritage

The parish church is dedicated to the martyrdom of Saint John the Baptist. It dates to the second half of the 17th century and was built on the site of a smaller chapel. It was remodeled in the 18th century, when the nave was extended, the side chapels were walled in, and the current belfry and main facade were created. Paintings dating to circa 1700 decorate the nave and presbytery. The main altar is late Baroque; it has been reworked several times and has paintings by Janez Wolf (1825–1884) and Matija Bradaška (1852–1915).
* Shrine on the Poljane Sora River
* Shrine opposite the parish church

## Notable people

Notable people that were born or lived in Gorenja Vas include:
* Anton Dolinar (sl) (1894–1953), musician, born in Trata
* Ignacij Oblak (1834–1916), wood carver and gilder
* Ivan Poljanec (1855–1933), wood carver
* Ivan Regen (1868–1947), biologist, born in Lajše
# Demyanovo

Demyanovo (Russian: Демьяново) is an urban locality (an urban-type settlement) in Podosinovsky District of Kirov Oblast, Russia. Population: 5,558 (2010 Census); 6,423 (2002 Census); 7,023 (1989 Soviet census).
# Tapi, Iran

Tapi (Persian: تپي, also Romanized as Tapī) is a village in Il Teymur Rural District, in the Central District of Bukan County, West Azerbaijan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 150, in 23 families.
# Pervomaysky (urban-type settlement), Kirov Oblast

Pervomaysky (Russian: Первома́йский) is a closed urban locality (an urban-type settlement) in Kirov Oblast, Russia. Population: 6,147(2010 Census); 9,300 (2002 Census).

## Administrative and municipal status

Within the framework of administrative divisions, it is incorporated as the closed administrative-territorial formation of Pervomaysky—an administrative unit with the status equal to that of the districts. As a municipal division, the closed administrative-territorial formation of Pervomaysky is incorporated as Pervomaysky Urban Okrug.
# Sainte-Eulalie-d'Olt

Sainte-Eulalie-d'Olt (French pronunciation:, literally Sainte-Eulalie of Olt; Occitan: Senta Aulària d'Òlt; Languedocien: Senta Aulària d'Òlt) is a commune in the department of Aveyron in southern France. It is one of the Les Plus Beaux Villages de France (most beautiful villages of France).