OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Lake Dunlap, Texas

Lake Dunlap is a census-designated place in Guadalupe County, Texas, United States. The population was 1,934 at the 2010 census. It is part of the San Antonio–New Braunfels metropolitan area.
The community is named after the former Lake Dunlap, a small reservoir on the Guadalupe River. In 2019, the dam failed, draining the lake. The repair was completed in August 2023, and the lake fully restored by the end of October that year.

## Geography

Lake Dunlap is located along Farm to Market Road 725 in northwestern Guadalupe County, approximately eight miles northwest of Seguin. The city of New Braunfels borders Lake Dunlap to the north and west.
According to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP has a total area of 1.69 square miles (4.4 km$^2$), of which 1.55 square miles (4.0 km$^2$) is land and 0.15 square miles (0.39 km$^2$) is water.

## History

Residential development of the lakeside community dates back to the 1970s. The population has steadily increased from around 200 in 1980, to 500 in 1990, 1,000 in 2000, and 1,934 in 2010.

## Demographics

Lake Dunlap first appeared as a census designated place in the 2010 U.S. Census formed from area detached from New Braunfels city and additional area.

### 2020 census

Lake Dunlap CDP, Texas – Racial and ethnic composition Note: the US Census treats Hispanic/Latino as an ethnic category. This table excludes Latinos from the racial categories and assigns them to a separate category. Hispanics/Latinos may be of any race. :
| Race / Ethnicity (NH = Non-Hispanic) | Pop 2010 | Pop 2020 | % 2010 | % 2020 |
| White alone (NH) | 1,213 | 1,083 | 62.72% | 54.67% |
| Black or African American alone (NH) | 38 | 18 | 1.96% | 0.91% |
| Native American or Alaska Native alone (NH) | 7 | 9 | 0.36% | 0.45% |
| Asian alone (NH) | 1 | 1 | 0.05% | 0.05% |
| Pacific Islander alone (NH) | 0 | 0 | 0.00% | 0.00% |
| Other race alone (NH) | 0 | 7 | 0.00% | 0.35% |
| Mixed race or Multiracial (NH) | 13 | 73 | 0.67% | 3.69% |
| Hispanic or Latino (any race) | 662 | 790 | 34.23% | 39.88% |
| Total | 1,934 | 1,981 | 100.00% | 100.00% |

### 2010 census

At the 2010 United States Census there were 1,934 people, 684 households, and 501 families residing in the CDP. The racial makeup of the CDP was 87.3% White (62.7% Non-Hispanic White), 1.1% Native American, 2.1% African American, 0.1% Asian, 6.4% from other races, and 2.2% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 34.2% of the population.

## Education

The New Braunfels Independent School District (NBISD) serves students living in Lake Dunlap. Zoned campuses include Klein Road Elementary School (grades PK-5), New Braunfels Middle School (grades 6-8), New Braunfels High School Ninth Grade Center (grade 9), and New Braunfels High School (grades 10-12).
# Nabirat

Nabirat (French pronunciation:; Occitan: Nabirac) is a commune in the Dordogne department in Nouvelle-Aquitaine in southwestern France.
# Kodak T-MAX

Kodak Professional T-MAX Film is a continuous tone, panchromatic, tabular-grain black and white negative film originally developed and manufactured by Eastman Kodak since 1986. It is still manufactured by Eastman Kodak but distributed and marketed by Kodak Alaris, as with other products under Kodak Professional banner.
It is sold in three speeds: ISO 100, ISO 400 and 3200 which is a multi-speed film. To easily identify the emulsion, for each film speed, one letter in the edge marking is altered with ISO 100 being TMX, ISO 400 being TMY and the "3200" version being TMZ.

## Details

Eastman Kodak still manufactures the films but following its Chapter 11 bankruptcy in 2012, responsibility for distribution and marketing, as with other products under Kodak Professional brand, was given to Kodak Alaris, a separate company controlled by the Kodak UK pension fund.
It is sold in three speeds: 100 (TMX), 400 (TMY-2) and 3200 (TMZ). The 100 and 400 speeds are given as ISO numbers, but the 3200 is sold as a multi-speed film. T-MAX 100, due to its very high resolution of 200 lines/mm, is often used when testing the sharpness of lenses.
In early 2002, Kodak replaced its similarly titled Kodak T-MAX Professional Film with Kodak Professional T-MAX Film. There was also a slight change to the packaging. The main difference between the two are in the processing times.
In October 2007, Kodak revised the 400-speed film, giving it the name TMY-2 instead of TMY. In the process Kodak increased the resolution from 125 lines/mm to 200 lines/mm, which is on par with their 100 speed film.
The 3200 speed is actually nominally 800 to 1000 speed, but it is meant to be push-processed and the DX CAS code on the 135 film cartridges is set to 3200 speed. It has uses in surveillance and other work where it can be given a pushed exposure index between 1600 and 25000. It is also used in X-ray cameras in high-neutron environments where CCDs are unviable due to noise induced by neutron impacts, such as the National Ignition Facility.
On October 1, 2012, Kodak announced the discontinuation of Kodak Professional T-MAX P3200 film due to the high expense of manufacturing it for only a limited user demand. On February 23, 2018, Kodak announced the return of the film for March 2018.
* 35mm film (new 2018 stock)
* 35mm film showing CAS codes for 3200 speed
* Back of T-MAX 3200 box. 2002 version, expired April 2008. Note that Kodak does not state that film speed is to ISO standard
* A sample photo taken with Kodak T-MAX 400
# Ruby Rees

Ruby Rees, also known as Ruby Rees-Wemyss, is an Australian actress, director and writer. She is best known for playing “Edith” a main character in Picnic at Hanging Rock, in 2018, alongside Natalie Dormer and Samara Weaving.

## Education

Ruby Rees was formerly named Ruby Rees-Wemyss.
Rees attended De La Salle College, Malvern before furthering her acting education first at the Larry Moss Masterclass at the 16th Street Actors Studio in Melbourne, Australia. then as a full-time student at HB Studio in New York City.

## Career

Rees first appeared on screen as a baby in the 1996 Australian movie River Street (film). From 2010, Rees starred in a number of short films Warhead, Once, A Frigid Night, Bracelet , Good Boy, Harvey and The Hunt, as well as appearing on television in The Saddle Club in 2008 and Miss Fisher's Murder Mysteries in 2012. Rees starred as “Edith” a main character in Foxtel's Picnic at Hanging Rock, in 2018, alongside Natalie Dormer and Samara Weaving.
In 2020, Rees performed for Bolinda an unabridged narration of Anthea Bell's English translation of Erich Kästner's 1949 German children's novel The Parent Trap, the basis for Disney's 1961 film adaptation of the same name starring Hayley Mills and its 1998 remake starring Lindsay Lohan.

## Writing and directing

Rees has written and directed the award-winning play Serpents, which was performed at the St Michael's theatre, Melbourne, Australia in 2010. Rees directed the play Neighbourhood Watch, directed and screenwrote the short film Alien about a young girl, dealing with racism, which was shortlisted for the Tropfest short film festival, Australia, in 2014.
In 2014, she moved to New York City, where she continued to write and direct plays with The Manhattan Repertory Theatre, her play Kaston debuting there in 2015. wrote the play Bad religion in 2016, and wrote and starred in the short film “Harvey.
In 2022, she directed her sister Eva Rees in the latter's stage writing debut, he/r (or, remember tomorrow when everything was ok), a Fairly Lucid Production, which was staged at Fortyfivedownstairs in Melbourne.

## Filmography

| Year | Title | Role |
| 1996 | River Street (film) | Baby |
| 2010 | Warhead (Short) | Joe |
| 2011 | Once (Short) | Self-Consciousness |
| 2012 | Bracelet (Short) | Danielle |
| 2012 | A Frigid Night (Short) | Amy |
| 2013 | Good Boy (Short) | Sophia |
| 2014 | Alien (Short) | Writer and director |
| 2018 | The Hunt (Short) | Rose |
| 2018 | Harvey (Short) | Revengeful little girl |

## Television

| Year | Title | Role |
| 2008 | The Saddle Club | Lily (1 episode) |
| 2012-2013 | Miss Fisher's Murder Mysteries | Jane (8 episodes) |
| 2018 | Picnic at Hanging Rock | Edith (6 episodes) |
# Sichan, South Khorasan

Sichan (Persian: سيچان, also Romanized as Sīchān; also known as Sīchāh) is a village in Fasharud Rural District, in the Central District of Birjand County, South Khorasan Province, Iran. At the 2016 census, its population was 72, in 30 families.
# Varbitsa Municipality

Varbitsa Municipality (Bulgarian: Община Върбица) is a municipality (obshtina) in Shumen Province, Northeastern Bulgaria, located in the vicinity of the northern slopes of the Eastern Stara planina mountain to the area of the so-called Fore-Balkan. It is named after its administrative centre - the town of Varbitsa.
The municipality embraces a territory of 419.36 km$^2$ (161.92 sq mi) with a population of 10,492 inhabitants, as of December 2009. The area contains the Ticha Reservoir - one of the biggest in the country, developed along the Kamchiya river. It is the reservoir with the largest perimeter in Bulgaria.

## Settlements

Varbitsa Municipality includes the following 16 places (towns are shown in bold):
| Town/Village | Cyrillic | Population (December 2009) |
| Varbitsa | Върбица | 3,585 |
| Byala Reka | Бяла река | 1,162 |
| Bozhurovo | Божурово | 243 |
| Chernookovo | Чернооково | 547 |
| Ivanovo | Иваново | 453 |
| Konevo | Конево | 247 |
| Kraygortsi | Крайгорци | 209 |
| Kyolmen | Кьолмен | 84 |
| Lovets | Ловец | 392 |
| Malomir | Маломир | 510 |
| Mengishevo | Менгишево | 449 |
| Metodievo | Методиево | 393 |
| Nova Byala Reka | Нова Бяла река | 520 |
| Stanyantsi | Станянци | 546 |
| Sushina | Сушина | 308 |
| Tushovitsa | Тушовица | 844 |
| Total | | 10,492 |

## Demography

The following table shows the change of the population during the last four decades.
Varbitsa Municipality :
| Year | 1975 | 1985 | 1992 | 2001 | 2005 | 2007 | 2009 | 2011 |
| Population | 14,116 | 13,648 | 11,841 | 11,249 | 10,861 | 10,658 | 10,492 | 10,391 |
| Sources: Census 2001, Census 2011, „pop-stat.mashke.org“, |||||||||

### Ethnic composition

According to the 2011 census, among those who answered the optional question on ethnic identification, the ethnic composition of the municipality was the following:
| Ethnic group | Population | Percentage |
| Bulgarians | 919 | 9.3% |
| Turks | 5597 | 56.9% |
| Roma (Gypsy) | 2434 | 24.7% |
| Other | 675 | 6.9% |
| Undeclared | 220 | 2.2% |

#### Religion

According to the latest Bulgarian census of 2011, the religious composition, among those who answered the optional question on religious identification, was the following:
Religious composition of Varbitsa Municipality
Orthodox Christianity
8.4%
Catholicism
0.1%
Protestantism
6.1%
Islam
74.5%
No religion
1.0%
Prefer not to answer, others and indefinable
9.9% :
# Benno Jacob

Benno Jacob (7 September 1862 – 24 January 1945) was a liberal rabbi and Bible scholar.

## Biography

Jacob studied in the Rabbinical Seminary and University of his native Breslau (now Wrocław, Poland). He served as a rabbi between the years 1891-1929 until he retired to Hamburg to concentrate on his exegetical work.
Already in his student years he was active in the fight against antisemitism, he founded a Jewish student's society that introduced fencing duels as a method of defending the honor of Judaism when it was degraded by antisemitic students. In 1892 he had a confrontation with Liebermann von Sonnenberg, a prominent antisemitic politician and publisher. After Sonnenberg delivered a two and a half hour lecture on the Talmud, Jacob, bearing a copy of the Talmud, challenged him to read out the passages he had referred to in his lecture. When Sonnenberg admitted that he could not read even a letter of the Hebrew language, Jacob chided him for speaking about a book which he could not even read and delivered an impromptu lecture of his own refuting the arguments previously advanced. After this pattern was repeated a few more times Liebermann von Sonnenberg was forced to cancel his tour. Jacob was also an active author and orator in the fight against German antisemitism in the years following World War I. He opposed Zionism not only because of his belief in a Jewish-German synthesis, but also because he saw in Zionism a complete secularization of Judaism and a basis for Jewish atheism.

## Biblical Studies

Benno Jacob was a scholarly liberal rabbi (with a University degree in Semitics) in Germany until World War II. Before leaving Germany, he produced a monumental commentary on Genesis. Recently, a German edition of his commentary on Exodus has been published. Generally, Jacob is linked with Umberto Cassuto as one of the great twentieth-century opponents of the Documentary Hypothesis.
Jacob was not a fundamentalist and did not believe in Mosaic authorship. His rejection of the Documentary Hypothesis was based on his sense that the Pentateuch presents so much literary unity and spiritual harmony that a search for its "sources" could only be an exercise in futile hypothesis.
Melding a traditionalist (if not traditional) view of the Torah with a knowledge of Semitics and applying a Germanic thoroughness to his conviction that no word in the Torah is out of place, he produced two commentaries which attempt to explain nearly every nuance of every word in the Torah.
The programmatic statement in his 1916 book, Quellenscheiden und Exegese im Pentateuch, illustrates his concerns:
   [The Torah's] means of representation may be termed the semi-poetic or dichotomistic. It proceeds like poetry, but without its strict measure [i.e., meter], employing instead paired thoughts, patterns of words and clauses and syntax, in doublets, parallels and contrasts; it is rooted, when all is said and done, in the Semitic [way of thought], which grasps matters dichotomously. This manner of seeing, conceiving and representing dominates the Hebrew language and literature in its entirety, to its subtlest manifestations.
# Bill MacIlwraith

William Pirie MacIlwraith (13 April 1928 – 9 May 2016) was a British dramatist and screenwriter.

## Biography

Born in London, to Scottish parents, Macllwraith trained as an actor at RADA and worked in repertory during the 1950s, performing around the country. With Tyrone Power in a production of George Bernard Shaw's The Devil's Disciple which ran for a season in London. MacIlwraith eventually concentrated on his writing career. By the early 1960s, he had begun to develop a career as a screenwriter with the short film Linda (1960), featuring Carol White, and 8 episodes of the television series, The Human Jungle (1963–64), with Herbert Lom as a Harley Street psychiatrist, among his credits.
MacIlwraith is best known for the stage play The Anniversary (1966). After first being performed at the Theatre Royal, Brighton, the play had a long run at the Duke of York's Theatre in the West End with Mona Washbourne in the lead role as the domineering mother of three sons. It was adapted into a film version released in 1968, now with Bette Davis in the central role. The Anniversary received a West End revival in 2005 with Sheila Hancock now in the lead role.
His situation comedy Two's Company (1975–79), about an American writer and her English butler, starred Elaine Strich and Donald Sinden. A later comedy series Seconds Out (1981–82), about a boxer, starred Robert Lindsay. His other television work includes plays for the Armchair Theatre series broadcast between 1970 and 1972, and episodes of Justice with Margaret Lockwood in a role as a barrister.

## Select filmography

* Linda (1960)
* Beryl's Lot (TV, 1973–74)
# Demetriapolis

Demetriapolis (Ancient Greek: Δημητριάπολις) or Demetrias (Δημητριάς) was a Greek city in Arachosia, thought to have been founded by the Greco-Bactrian king Demetrius as he invaded areas south of the Hindu Kush. In the 1st century BCE in his "Parthian stations", Isidorus of Charax mentions the rule of the Parthians over Arachosia, an area south of the Hindu Kush and next to today's Afghanistan, and populated by Greek colonies:
    "Beyond is Arachosia. And the Parthians call this White India; there are the city of Biyt and the city of Pharsana and the city of Chorochoad and the city of Demetrias; then Alexandropolis, the metropolis of Arachosia; it is Greek, and by it flows the river Arachotus. As far as this place the land is under the rule of the Parthians." "Parthians stations", 1st century BCE
Demetrias may also be mentioned in the 2nd century CE inscription of Cave No.17 at the Pandavleni Caves. The inscription mentions the gift of the cave by Indragnidatta the son of the Yavana (i.e. Greek or Indo-Greek) Dharmadeva, a northerner from "Dattamittri". It is thought that the city of "Dattamittri" may be the city of Demetrias in Arachosia, mentioned by Isidore of Charax.
    "Success! (The gift) of Indragnidatta, son of Dhammadeva, the Yavana, a northerner from Dattamittri. By him, inspired by true religion, this cave has been caused to be excavated in mount Tiranhu, and inside the cave a Chaitya and cisterns. This cave made for the sake of his father and mother has been, in order to honor all buddhas bestowed on the universal Samgha by monks together with his son Dhammarakhita."
# Bjørn Tore Bryn

Bjørn Tore Bryn (1936 – 2014) was a Norwegian news anchor and radio personality.
He hailed from Trysil. In the 1960s, he was a news anchor for Dagsrevyen, the main newscast of the Norwegian Broadcasting Corporation, at that time the only television channel in Norway. In 1973, he was hired at the Norwegian Broadcasting Corporation district office in Hedmark/Oppland, which demerged in 1981, with the head office being in Elverum. He was on the editorial staff, and worked in district and national radio. He died in 2014.
# Ilikovo

Ilikovo (Russian: Иликово; Bashkir: Илек, İlek) is a rural locality (a selo) and the administrative centre of Gorkovsky Selsoviet, Kushnarenkovsky District, Bashkortostan, Russia. The population was 541 as of 2010. There are 5 streets.

## Geography

Ilikovo is located 34 km northwest of Kushnarenkovo (the district's administrative centre) by road. Kyzylkuper is the nearest rural locality.
# Ludvig Lorenz

Ludvig Valentin Lorenz (/ˈlɒrənts/ LORR-ənts; 18 January 1829 – 9 June 1891) was a Danish physicist and mathematician. He developed mathematical formulae to describe phenomena such as the relation between the refraction of light and the density of a pure transparent substance, and the relation between a metal's electrical and thermal conductivity and temperature (Wiedemann–Franz–Lorenz law).

## Biography

Lorenz was born in Helsingør and studied at the Technical University in Copenhagen. He became professor at the Military Academy in Copenhagen 1876. From 1887, his research was funded by the Carlsberg Foundation. He investigated the mathematical description for light propagation through a single homogeneous medium and described the passage of light between different media. The formula for the mathematical relationship between the refractive index and the density of a medium was published by Lorenz in 1869 and by Hendrik Lorentz (who discovered it independently) in 1878 and is therefore called the Lorentz–Lorenz equation. Using his electromagnetic theory of light he stated what is known as the Lorenz gauge condition, and was able to derive a correct value for the velocity of light. He also developed a theory of light scattering, publishing it in Danish in 1890 and in French in his Collected Works, published in 1898. It was later independently rediscovered by Gustav Mie in 1908, so it is sometimes referred to as Lorenz–Mie theory. Additionally, Lorenz laid the foundations for ellipsometry by using Fresnel's theory of refraction to discover that light reflected by a thin transition layer between two media becomes elliptically polarized.
# I.Ae. 23

The I.Ae. 23 was a primary training and aerobatic biplane built by the Fábrica Militar de Aviones (FMA) of Argentina. It was known as "Wooden Focke-Wulf" (Focke-Wulf de Madera in Spanish), because it was fundamentally a German Focke-Wulf Fw 44J biplane built under license with Argentine wood.

## History

Between 1937 and 1942 the FMA had built 190 units of the FW-44J Stieglitz (designed by Professor Kurt Tank). It was powered by a domestically built version of the Siemens Bramo Sh-14 engine called the I. Ae. Sh-14. The Fw 44Js were destined for the Argentine Military Aviation School and for numerous aero clubs for use as training aircraft.
In 1944, the Instituto Aerotécnico received the request to experiment with the construction of the Fw 44J, but using purely national woods instead of importing them, following the pattern initiated by the development of the I.Ae. 22 "DL" trainer. The project was named I.Ae. 23 and flew for the first time on July 7, 1945. Despite its success, only one was built, as its design was surpassed by other machines of British origin that were acquired in 1946.

## Characteristics

Like the FW-44J from which it was derived, the I.Ae.23 sustained flight thanks to two similar single drift planes. It had a conventional fixed landing gear and two tandem open cockpits. For advanced gunnery training it could be fitted with a machine gun.

## Specifications

Data from
General characteristics
* Crew: 1 or 2
* Capacity: 4
* Length: 7.3 m (23 ft 11 in)
* Wingspan: 9 m (29 ft 6 in)
* Height: 2.72 m (8 ft 11 in)
* Wing area: 20 m$^2$ (220 sq ft)
* Empty weight: 500 kg (1,102 lb)
* Max takeoff weight: 1,102 kg (2,429 lb)
* Powerplant: 1 × Siemens-Halske Sh 14A radial engine, 100 kW (140 hp)
Performance
* Maximum speed: 188 km/h (117 mph, 102 kn)
* Cruise speed: 160 km/h (99 mph, 86 kn)
* Range: 720 km (450 mi, 390 nmi)
* Service ceiling: 4,200 m (13,800 ft)
Armament
* 1x Kodak photo gun, for training of fighter pilots
# Eshkhal

Eshkhal (Persian: اشخل, also Romanized as Eshkhāl; also known as Ishkhal, Shekhāl, and Sheykhal) is a village in Gavork-e Nalin Rural District, Vazineh District, Sardasht County, West Azerbaijan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 269, in 45 families.
# Belarusian Railway

Belarusian Railway (BCh) (Belarusian: Беларуская чыгунка (БЧ) / Biełaruskaja čyhunka, Russian: Белорусская железная дорога) is the national state-owned railway company of Belarus. It operates all of the rail transport network in Belarus. As of 2005, the railway employs 112,173 people.

## Overview

The company, formed in 1992 after the dissolution of the Soviet Union, is one of the inheritors of the Soviet Railways. It administers 5,512 km of railway with (1,520 mm (4 ft 11+27⁄32 in) Russian gauge). The railway's most important station is Minsk Terminal, the central station of the capital.
BCh reports to the ministry of transport and as of 2010 was composed of 84 organizations; 46 enterprises, 38 institutions, and 7 factories/plants. The rail network is divided into 6 departments: named after the regions around Minsk, Baranovichi, Brest, Gomel, Mogilev and Vitebsk.

## Rolling stock
### Electric locomotives

* ChS4T; Co'Co' electric locomotive
* VL80, BCG-1; twin-unit (Bo'Bo')-(Bo'Bo') locomotives

### Diesel locomotives

* M62, TE10, 2TE116, TEP60, TEP70, ChME3; Co'Co' diesel electric locomotives
* TGK2; two-axle diesel shunter

### Passenger multiple units

* DR1; diesel multiple unit
* ER9, Stadler FLIRT (EP$^g$, EP$^r$, EP$^m$); electric multiple units
* DP1, DP3, DP6 Pesa; diesel multiple unit for Minsk-Vilnius services.

## International sanctions

Belarusian Railway was included in the sanctions lists of Canada in November 2022 and Ukraine in January 2023, respectively. Canada also blacklisted Vladimir Morozov, the head of Belarusian Railway, as later did the European Union, Switzerland, Ukraine, Australia and New Zealand.

## Gallery

* Main station of Grodno
* Stadler FLIRT in Minsk
* Main station of Brest
* Electrification map
* Map of the system Minsk branch; Baranavichy (Baranovichi) branch; Brest branch; Homiel (Gomel) branch; Mahiliow (Mogilev) branch; Viciebsk (Vitebsk) branch