OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Zygmunt Andrychiewicz

Zygmunt Andrychiewicz (27 May 1861, Justynów – 1943, Warta or Małków) was a Polish painter of portraits, landscapes, and genre scenes.

## Biography

He began his studies at the Warsaw School of Drawing while working as a decorative painter. From 1884 to 1886, thanks to a scholarship from the "Towarzystwo Zachęty Sztuk Pięknych [pl]" (Society for Encouragement of the Fine Arts), he was able to continue his studies at the Kraków Academy of Fine Arts with Władysław Łuszczkiewicz and Izydor Jabłoński.
From 1887 to 1892, another scholarship enabled him to go to Paris, where he attended the Académie Colarossi and the Académie Julian, under the direction of William-Adolphe Bouguereau and Tony Robert-Fleury and shared a studio with Władysław Ślewiński. He had major showings at the Exposition Universelle (1889) and the Exposition Universelle (1900), as well as in Poland at the Zachęta National Gallery of Art in 1886.
From 1899 to 1918, he divided his time between Poland and France and made several visits to Italy. After 1918, he settled in Warsaw, where he became a drawing teacher at a girls' school and gave private lessons in his studio.
After his retirement, he bought a house in the village of Małków, near his birthplace, and continued to paint landscapes. In 1929, he had a major showing at the "General National Exhibition [pl]" in Poznań; celebrating ten years of Polish independence.
# Zopyrion

Zopyrion (Ancient Greek: Ζωπυρίων) (died 331 BC) was a Macedonian general.
Zopyrion was made a governor either of Thrace or of Pontus by Alexander the Great. In 331 BC, he led an invasion of Scythian lands, "thinking that, if he did not attempt something, he should be stigmatized as indolent".
For this purpose, he collected a force of thirty thousand men. They marched along the Black Sea coast and besieged Olbia, a colony of Miletus (which was taken by Alexander in 334 BC). But the Olbians "gave freedom to their slaves, granted the rights of citizenship to foreigners, changed promissory notes and thus managed to survive the siege". They also made an alliance with the Scythians and possibly some other Greek communities in the area. Curtius Rufus mentions a great storm on the sea that devastated the Macedonian navy. Zopyrion, lacking resources to continue the siege, decided to retreat. On his way back, Scythians destroyed his army by constant raids. Defeat was probably accomplished beyond the Danube by Getae and Triballi avenging Alexander's devastation of their lands in 335 BC. Zopyrion perished with his troops in the winter at the end of 331 BC.
Alexander the Great learnt about his fate from a letter from Antipater in Macedonia the same year, along with deaths of Agis, King of Sparta, in Greece, and of Alexander, king of Epirus, in Italy. Alexander the Great "was affected with various emotions, but felt more joy at learning of the deaths of two rival kings, than sorrow at the loss of Zopyrion and his army".

## Sources

* 1 2 Quintus Curtius Rufus. Histories of Alexander the Great Macedonian. Book X, Chapter 1, 44 (Latin)
* 1 2 Marcus Junianius Justinus: Epitome of the Philippic History of Gnaeus Pompeius Trogus. Book XII, 2
* ↑ Justin 12.2.16
* ↑ Ambrosius Theodosius Macrobius. Saturnalia. Book I: XI, 33 (Latin)
* ↑ Stolba, Vladimir F. (2019). "Images with Meaning: Early Hellenistic Coin Typology of Olbia Pontike". In Cojocaru V.; Ruscu L.; Castelli Th.; Pázsint A.-I. (eds.). Advances in Ancient Black Sea Studies: Historiography, Archaeology and Religion. Cluj-Napoca: Editura Mega. p. 524. ISBN 978-606-020-104-5.
* ↑ Quintus Curtius Rufus; J. E. Atkinson; John Yardley (15 June 2009). Curtius Rufus, Histories of Alexander the Great. Oxford University Press. p. 104. ISBN 978-0-19-955762-2. Retrieved 22 January 2012.
* ↑ Marcus Junianius Justinus: Epitome of the Philippic History of Gnaeus Pompeius Trogus. Book XII, 1
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# Santa Viviana, Rotella

Santa Viviana is a baroque-style Roman Catholic church located at Viale Ciccolini #5 in the town of Rotella, in the province of Ascoli Piceno, region of Marche, Italy. It is also known as the Chiesa della Madonna delle Icone.

## History and description

Since before the 16th century, the small rural church of Santa Maria a Pie'di Monte, known as the Madonna delle Icone, was present on the site. This larger church was built and shelters now the relics of Santa Viviana or Bibiana, translated here by Pope Leo XIII. The present church was erected at the end of the 18th century by the Monsignor Ciccolini. The interior is decorated with polychrome baroque stucco decorations. The crypt is dedicated to St Pontico. The church now houses the Museo Diocesano Intercomunale di arte sacra.
# Bondar-e Gavsin

Bondar-e Gavsin (Persian: بندرگاوسين, also Romanized as Bondar-e Gāvsīn; also known as Bondargāvsīn) is a village in Garmsar Rural District, Jebalbarez-e Jonubi District, Anbarabad County, Kerman Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 79, in 15 families.
# Palaiochori, Lesbos

Palaiochori (Greek: Παλαιοχώρι, old form Palaiochorion, Παλαιοχώριον) is a village on the island of Lesbos, North Aegean, Greece. It is situated on a mountainside 12 km NW from the town of Plomari. The church of the village was built in 1864 and is dedicated to the Annunciation of the Virgin Mary. The beach of Melinda is located 3 km south of the village.
# Samoon

Samoon (Arabic: صمون) is a type of yeast bread that is consumed mainly in Iraq. It is baked in traditional stone ovens. This bread is one of the most widespread breads in Iraq, along with khubz. It is usually served with a variety of foods such as hummus, kebab, and shawarma. It is one of the most popular breads used in Iraq and across the Levant and variants can be found in Syria and Lebanon. It can be also found in other Middle Eastern and European countries. A key differentiator in most samoon is the use of live-culture yogurt as a leavener. Otherwise, the process of making it is relatively similar to pita.
# Pont-du-Casse

Pont-du-Casse (French pronunciation:; Occitan: Lo Pont del Casse) is a commune in the Lot-et-Garonne department in south-western France.
# Ivnyansky District

Ivnyansky District (Russian: И́внянский райо́н) is an administrative district (raion), one of the twenty-one in Belgorod Oblast, Russia. Municipally, it is incorporated as Ivnyansky Municipal District. It is located in the northwest of the oblast. The area of the district is 871.1 square kilometers (336.3 sq mi). Its administrative center is the urban locality (a settlement) of Ivnya. Population: 21,650 (2021 Census); 23,570 (2010 Census); 24,468 (2002 Census); 23,314 (1989 Soviet census). The population of Ivnya accounts for 33.0% of the district's total population.
# Richard Priestman

Richard John Priestman (born 16 July 1955 in Liverpool, England) is a British archer who was a member of the British squad that won the team bronze medals at the 1988 and 1992 Summer Olympics His ex-wife Vladlena Priestman competed in archery for Great Britain at the 2000 Summer Olympics. He is now an Olympic coach for Team Israel.

## Olympics
### As competitor

Priestman has competed in archery at three Olympic Games. His first appearance came in 1984 in Los Angeles where he shot a score of 2339 and finished in 48th position in the individual event.
At the Seoul Olympics in 1988 a new elimination format was introduced for the individual event. Priestman scored 1202, earning him 57th place in the preliminary round and did not advance to the later stages. For the first time in Olympic competition a team event was also held. Priestman was part of the British team that also included Steven Hallard and Leroy Watson. Ranked eighth after scores from the individual preliminary round were carried over Britain advanced to the semi-final where they improved four places to qualify for the final in fourth place. A final round team score of 968 meant Britain won the bronze medal behind hosts Korea and the United States. This was the first Olympic archery medal won for Britain since the 1908 Games where five medals, including two gold, were won by British archers.
In 1992 Priestman and Hallard were joined in the team event by teenager Simon Terry. The competition now took the form of a ranking round followed by a knock-out tournament. The British trio scored 3833 and lay 6th after the ranking round. Victories over Germany in the round of 16 and Australia in the quarter-final earned them a semi final against host nation Spain. Britain were defeated 236-234 but then defeated France in a playoff to win the bronze medal. In the individual event Priestman finished 41st in the ranking round and did not advance to the knock-out stages.

### As coach

Priestman led Brazil as coach at the South American Games in Chile 2014. He led Colombia as coach at the Central American Games in Mexico 2014 and the Pan-American Games 2015 in Canada. Qualified 4 Colombian competitors for Rio2016
He was the Senior Olympic Coach for GBR at the Olympic Games RIO2016… 2 Competitors. And followed that up as Senior Olympic Coach for GBR at the Olympic Games Tokyo 2020 .. 6 competitors.
Priestman is the National Coach for Team Israel, which qualified two archers for the 2024 Paris Olympics. One of the archers is Mikaella Moshe, who qualified for the Olympics after training in archery for under two years under Priestman. The two archers train under Priestman in Israel for eight hours a day, six days a week, in temperatures during the summer months of between 35-45C (95F-113F).
# Viipurin maalaiskunta

Viipurin maalaiskunta, Swedish: Viborgs landskommun, is a former municipality in Finland. It consisted of the rural districts around the city of Viipuri. It was ceded to the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic after Finland's defeat in the Winter War and the Continuation War in the 1940s.

## Villages in 1939

Ahokas, Alasommee, Alasäiniö, Haankylä (also Haka), Hapenensaari, Hämäläinen, Ihantala, Juustila (also Juustilanjoki), Jyrkilä, Järvelä, Kaipola, Karppila, Kaukola, Kiiskilä, Kilpeenjoki, Kilpeenjoki–Sydänmaa, Kilpeenjoki–Vakkila, Konkkala, Korpelanautio, Kurikkala, Kähäri, Kärki, Kärstilä, Lahti, Lavola, Leppälä, Lihaniemi, Lyykylänjärvi, Mannikkala, Mälkki, Naulasaari, Nikoskela, Nuoraa, Näätälä, Pakkainen, Parkaus, Perojoensuu, Pien-Merijoki, Pietilä, Pihkala, Piispansaari, Porkansaari, Rapattila, Rasalahti, Repola–Lyykylä, Repola–Tervajoki, Rikkola, Ryysylä, Rääsiälä, Saarela, Samola, Savolainen, Suur-Merijoki, Suurpero, Tali, Terävälä, Tikkala, Tirhiä, Uskila, Uusikartano, Vahvaniemi, Vatikivi, Ventelä, Ykspää, Ylivesi, Yläsommee, Yläsäiniö
# Saint-Cernin-de-l'Herm

Saint-Cernin-de-l'Herm (French pronunciation:; Occitan: Sent Sarnin de l'Èrm) is a commune in the Dordogne department in Nouvelle-Aquitaine in southwestern France.
# Novoivanovka, Davlekanovsky District, Republic of Bashkortostan

Novoivanovka (Russian: Новоивановка) is a rural locality (a village) in Polyakovsky Selsoviet, Davlekanovsky District, Bashkortostan, Russia. The population was 4 as of 2010. There is 1 street.

## Geography

Novoivanovka is located 24 km north of Davlekanovo (the district's administrative centre) by road. Volynka is the nearest rural locality.
# Tsentralny, Volodarsky District, Nizhny Novgorod Oblast

Tsentralny (Russian: Центра́льный) is an urban locality (an urban-type settlement) in Volodarsky District of Nizhny Novgorod Oblast, Russia. Population: 2,957 (2010 Census); 3,870 (2002 Census); 2,428 (1989 Soviet census).
# Stremoukhovo-Bobrik

Stremoukhovo-Bobrik (Russian: Стремоухово-Бобрик) is a rural locality (Russian: село, lit. 'village') in Vyshnederevensky Selsoviet Rural Settlement, Lgovsky District, Kursk Oblast, Russia. Population: 140 (2010 Census); 266 (2002 Census);

## Geography

The village is located on the Bobrik River (a left tributary of the Reut River in the Seym basin), 38 km from the Russia–Ukraine border, 56 km south-west of Kursk, 22 km south-east of the district center – the town Lgov, 12 km from the selsoviet center – Vyshniye Derevenki.

### Climate

Stremoukhovo-Bobrik has a warm-summer humid continental climate (Dfb in the Köppen climate classification).

## Transport

Stremoukhovo-Bobrik is located 10.5 km from the road of regional importance 38K-017 (Kursk – Lgov – Rylsk – border with Ukraine), 11 km from the road 38K-024 (Lgov – Sudzha), 3 km from the road of intermunicipal significance 38Н-443 (38K-024 – Vyshniye Derevenki – Durovo-Bobrik), on the road 38Н-444 (38N-443 – Stremoukhovo-Bobrik – border with Kurchatovsky District), 7 km from the nearest (closed) railway halt Derevenki (railway line Lgov I — Podkosylev).
The rural locality is situated 64 km from Kursk Vostochny Airport, 122 km from Belgorod International Airport and 263 km from Voronezh Peter the Great Airport.
# Juodgiris, Kėdainiai

Juodgiris ('black wood', formerly Russian: Іодгирисъ, Polish: Jodgirys) is a village in Kėdainiai district municipality, in Kaunas County, in central Lithuania. According to the 2011 census, the village had a population of 2 people. It is located 2 kilometres (1.2 mi) from Paaluonys, by the Leštupys rivulet, alongside the A1 highway. There is a petrol station.
There were 3 Juodgiris zaścianki (two in Ariogala volost and one in Vilkija volost) at the beginning of the 20th century.

## Demography

| Year | Pop. | ±% p.a. |
| 1902 | 11 | — |
| 1923 | 35 | +5.67% |
| 1959 | 28 | −0.62% |
| 1970 | 17 | −4.43% |
| Year | Pop. | ±% p.a. |
| 1979 | 8 | −8.03% |
| 1989 | 2 | −12.94% |
| 2001 | 2 | +0.00% |
| 2011 | 2 | +0.00% |
Source: 1902, 1923, 1959 & 1970, 1979, 1989, 2001, 2011 :
# Keith Remfry

Keith Remfry (17 November 1947 – 16 September 2015) was a judoka from the United Kingdom, who won the silver medal in the Open class at the 1976 Summer Olympics in Montreal, Quebec, Canada. He lost to Japan's Haruki Uemura, the reigning world openweight champion, in the final of the Olympic tournament.
Remfry died at the age of 67, on 16 September 2015, following a series of prolonged illnesses.
# Andalusian Coalition–Andalusian Power

Andalusian Coalition–Andalusian Power (Spanish: Coalición Andalucista–Poder Andaluz) was an Andalusian electoral alliance created for the 1994 European Parliament and Andalusian regional elections. It was composed by the Andalusian Party and the Andalusian Progress Party.

## Composition

Party :
* Andalusian Party (PA)
* Andalusian Progress Party (PAP)
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# Bannes, Lot

Bannes (French pronunciation:; Occitan: Banas) is a commune in the Lot department in southwestern France.
# 1903 in New Zealand

"none" is preferred when the title is sufficiently descriptive
The following lists events that happened during 1903 in New Zealand.

## Incumbents
### Regal and viceregal

* Head of State – Edward VII
* Governor – The Earl of Ranfurly GCMG

### Government

The 15th New Zealand Parliament continued. In government was the Liberal Party.
* Speaker of the House – Arthur Guinness (Liberal)
* Prime Minister – Richard Seddon
* Minister of Finance – Richard Seddon
* Chief Justice – Sir Robert Stout

### Parliamentary opposition

* Leader of the Opposition – Vacant until 11 September, then William Massey, (Independent).

### Main centre leaders

* Mayor of Auckland – Alfred Kidd then Edwin Mitchelson
* Mayor of Wellington – John Aitken
* Mayor of Christchurch – Henry Wigram
* Mayor of Dunedin – James Park then Thomas Scott

## Events
### September

26 September – New Zealand is the first country in the world to pass a Wireless Telegraphy Act.

### December
## Arts and literature

See 1903 in art, 1903 in literature

### Music

See: 1903 in music

### Film

* A Message from Mars

## Sport
### Boxing

The Bantamweight division is included in the national championships for the first time.
National amateur champions
* Heavyweight – H. Taylor (Greymouth)
* Middleweight – J. Griffin (Invercargill)
* Lightweight – A. Farquharson (Dunedin)
* Featherweight – A. Parker (Christchurch)
* Bantamweight – J. Pearce (Christchurch)

### Chess

National Champion: J.C. Grierson of Auckland.

### Golf

The 11th National Amateur Championships were held in Napier
* Men: Kurepo Tareha (Napier)
* Women: A. E Pearce

### Horse racing
#### Harness racing

* Auckland Trotting Cup: Plain G

### Rugby union

* 1903 New Zealand rugby union tour of Australia

### Soccer

Provincial league champions:
* Auckland: YMCA Auckland
* Otago: Northern
* Wellington: Wellington St. John's

## Births

* 30 January: Colin Scrimgeour, minister and broadcaster.
* 6 February: Jack Dunning, cricketer
* 21 February: P. H. Matthews, politician
* 11 March: George Dickinson, cricketer
* 11 March: Ronald Syme, historian
* 21 March: Frank Sargeson, writer
* 28 March: Merton Hodge, west-end playwright
* 23 April: John Stewart, politician.
* 10 June: Count Geoffrey Potocki de Montalk, poet.
* 6 July: Edward Musgrave Blaiklock, academic.
* 4 August: Charles Bateson, historian and writer
* 2 November: Anna Lois White, painter
* 15 November: Stewie Dempster, cricketer

## Deaths

* 7 March: John Studholme, politician and farmer (born 1829).
* 23 April: William Travers, politician (born 1819).
* 11 June: Thomas Mason, horticulturist and politician.
* 7 July: Agnes Harrold, hotel manager, foster parent, nurse and midwife
* 30 August: Joe Warbrick, rugby player (born 1862).
# Agarzya

Agarzya (Russian: Агарзя) is a rural locality (a village) in Chernushinsky District, Perm Krai, Russia. The population was 12 as of 2010. There is 1 street.

## Geography

Agarzya is located 38 km east of Chernushka (the district's administrative centre) by road. Agarzinsky is the nearest rural locality.
# Yevgeni Tochilin

Yevgeni Vyacheslavovich Tochilin (Russian: Евгений Вячеславович Точилин; born 7 March 1991) is a former Russian professional football player.
# Bukovec pri Poljanah

Bukovec pri Poljanah (pronounced; in older sources also Bukovica, German: Bukowitz) is a small settlement north of Velike Poljane in the Municipality of Ribnica in southern Slovenia. The area is part of the traditional region of Lower Carniola and is now included in the Southeast Slovenia Statistical Region.

## Name

The name of the settlement was changed from Bukovec to Bukovec pri Poljanah in 1955. In the past the German name was Bukowitz.
# 2001 in Moldova

Events in the year 2001 in Moldova.

## Incumbents

* President – Petru Lucinschi, Vladimir Voronin
* Prime Minister – Dumitru Braghiș, Vasile Tarlev
* President of the Parliament – Dumitru Diacov, Eugenia Ostapciuc

## Events
### February

* 25 February - Parliamentary elections take place.

### April

* 4 April - Presidential elections take place.
* 19 April - The First Tarlev Cabinet is formed.

### June

* 6–7 June - The GUAM charter is signed.

### July

* 26 July – Moldova joins the World Trade Organization.

### August

* 27 August - Moldova celebrated the 10th anniversary of independence.
# 22nd Mountain Infantry Division (Poland)

The 22nd Mountain Infantry Division (Polish: 22 Dywizja Piechoty Górskiej, 22 DPG) was a pre-war unit of the Polish Army. It was one of two mountain infantry divisions of Poland to fight against the Invasion of Poland of 1939. Currently its traditions are continued by the 21st Podhale Rifle Brigade. Until 1939 the unit was commanded by Col. Leopold Engel-Ragis and was stationed in and around the towns of Sanok, Przemyśl and Sambor.
Along with 11th Infantry and 21st Mountain Infantry Divisions, the 22nd was notable for its distinctive uniforms, based on folk attire of the Górale (Polish highlanders) rather than standard uniforms of the Polish Army. During the Invasion of Poland, the division was attached to the Prusy Army. Overrun by the Germans, the Regiments fought separately in the ranks of other units.

## OOB

| Regiment | Sub-unit | Notes | Notes |
| 22nd Mountain Infantry Division Engel-Ragis |
| 22nd Mountain Infantry Division Engel-Ragis | 2nd Podhale Rifle Regiment Szlaszewski | | Sanok |
| 22nd Mountain Infantry Division Engel-Ragis | 5th Podhale Rifle Regiment Żółkiewski | | Przemyśl |
| 22nd Mountain Infantry Division Engel-Ragis | 6th Podhale Rifle Regiment Dobrzański | | Sambor |
| 22nd Mountain Infantry Division Engel-Ragis | 22nd Light Artillery Regiment Surman | | |
| 22nd Mountain Infantry Division Engel-Ragis | 22nd Battalion of Heavy Artillery Krzyżyński | | |
| 22nd Battalion of Engineers Morek | | | |
| 22nd Motorized AA Artillery Battery Makarczyk | | 4 x 40 mm wz.37 Bofors AA guns | |
| squadron of organic cavalry Jakóbiak | | | |
| Smaller units | Staff company, taczanka HMG company, signals company, bicycle company | | |
# Staur Farm

Staur Farm (Norwegian: Staur Gård) is a farm located in Stange, Norway. It is owned by the Norwegian Ministry of Agriculture and Food, and operates both a facility for agricultural research, as well as a conference hotel in the mansion. The farm has 100 hectares (250 acres) of fields. The research is conducted by Graminor, Norsk Kjøttfeavlslag, Geno and Nortura. The conference hotel has been used by the government of Norway for an annual, important planning conference.
# Ola, Russia

Ola (Russian: О́ла) is an urban locality (an urban-type settlement) and the administrative center of Olsky District of Magadan Oblast, Russia, located on the Ola River on the shore of the Sea of Okhotsk, 27 kilometers (17 mi) east of Magadan. Population: 6,215 (2010 Census); 6,842 (2002 Census); 10,122 (1989 Soviet census).
# Figure of thought

A figure of thought (Latin: figura sententiae, Greek: schema dianoias) is a rhetorical device sometimes distinguished from figure of speech. In another sense the term has been used in the study of diagrams and drawings.

## Application to Latin literature

It may be difficult to draw the distinction between figures of speech and figures of thought, especially when the primary area of inquiry is poetry rather than a prose composition, which adheres to the rules of rhetorical theory that were for the most part created in their fullest articulation in the age of Quintilian (c. 35 – c. 100). In their approach to language, the Roman poets (Horace, Catullus, Propertius, Tibullus) did not distinguish between inventio and elocutio, which explains somewhat our confusion between figures of thought and figures of speech. The latter are exemplified most immediately by conceptual substitutions, such as metaphor or synecdoche, but if we consider not just the mere linguistic aspect of the substitution and focus most closely on the concepts themselves, then we may perceive the comprehensiveness of the conceptual for the poet, who operates with words to extend and amplify the potential semantics of poetic output.

## Uses of the term

Ananda Coomaraswamy used the term in relation to the philosophy of Plato:
   "Plato’s dialectic makes continual use of figures of speech, which are really figures of thought."
The scholar of Latin literature Gordon Williams (died 2010) published a study titled Figures of Thought in Roman Poetry (1980), stating in the introduction:
   "Language was subject to ordering by exhaustive description of vocabulary, syntax, and figures. The content was likewise subject to ordering by the rules of inventio (the technique by which all the latent or inherent possibilities in a given idea or cluster of ideas could be 'discovered' and exploited)."
A collection of drawings by Nikolaus Gansterer (2011) was titled "Drawing a Hypothesis: Figures of Thought".