OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Hysteron proteron

The hysteron proteron (from the Greek: ὕστερον πρότερον, hýsteron próteron, "later earlier") is a rhetorical device. It occurs when the first key word of the idea refers to something that happens temporally later than the second key word. The goal is to call attention to the more important idea by placing it first.
The standard example comes from the Aeneid of Virgil: "Moriamur, et in media arma ruamus" ("Let us die, and charge into the thick of the fight"; ii. 353). An example of hysteron proteron encountered in everyday life is the common reference to putting on one's "shoes and socks", rather than "socks and shoes".
By this deliberate reversal, hysteron proteron draws attention to the important point, so giving it primacy. Hysteron proteron is a form of hyperbaton, which describes general rearrangements of the sentence.
It can also be defined as a figure of speech consisting of the reversal of a natural or rational order (as in "then came the thunder and the lightning").

## Example from the Quran

An example from the Quran that demonstrates hysteron proteron, verse (aya) number 89–90 from Sura Number 21 says that God granted Zechariah's prayer for a son even though Zechariah was very old and his wife was sterile:
   We granted his prayer and gave him John, and we made his wife fertile for him.
A more conventional phrasing would be: "We granted his prayer; we made his wife fertile for him; and [having done so] we gave him John." The reversal of the expected sequence (hysteron proteron) in the verse suggests immediacy: Zechariah's prayer was granted without any delay at all, so much so that the detail itself, "We made his wife fertile for him," was not allowed to intervene between the prayer and its acceptance.
# Shingay

Shingay is a hamlet and former civil parish, now in the parish of Shingay cum Wendy, in the South Cambridgeshire district, in the county of Cambridgeshire, England around 5 miles north west of Royston. In 1951 the parish had a population of 38.

## History

Shingay was a separate parish until 1 April 1957 when it was merged with neighbouring Wendy to form the present civil parish of Shingay cum Wendy. The historical parish covered an area of 768 acres (311 ha). Its northern border with Croydon (formerly Croydon-cum-Clapton) followed the River Cam, and its eastern border with Wendy was marked by the North Ditch. Its southern border with Abington Pigotts also largely followed drainage channels, and its western border with Steeple Morden followed field boundaries marked by Shingay Gate Farm. The parish was largely wooded until the mid-19th century, but little woodland now remains.
The medieval parish was dominated by the preceptory of the Knights Hospitallers which was situated on the south bank of the river and owned all the land in the parish between the early 12th century and 1540. When the order was suppressed in 1540 it held land in 42 parishes in Cambridgeshire as well as five other counties. Its proximity to the Old North Road resulted in its hosting royalty at various points.
It is believed that the medieval village lay just to the east of the preceptory on the road towards Wendy. The village was depopulated in the 15th century. Population increased to a peak of 142 in 1851 but had dropped to 38 by the time it was merged with Wendy.
The former parish church was dedicated to St Mary and possibly built at the same time as the preceptory. The medieval church was demolished in the late 17th century and in 1697 a new chapel, consisting of just a single room of two bays and west bell turret, was built by the Earl of Orford who had just obtained the manor. The chapel fell into disuse in the 18th century and the final trace of the building was removed by 1836.
The village's name means "island of Scene's people".
# Argentine Chess Federation

The Argentine Chess Federation (Spanish: Federación Argentina de Ajedrez – FADA) is the national organisation for chess in Argentina. It is affiliated with the World Chess Federation. Its headquarters are in Buenos Aires.
The Argentine Chess Federation organizes an Argentine Chess Championship (Campeonato de Argentina de Ajedrez). It was founded in 1928. The current president is Mario Petrucci.

## Administration
### Board

The board consists of a president, two vice presidents, a secretary, and a treasurer. The president and the vice presidents are elected for a 3-year term.

#### Current composition

* president: Jimmy Wilding
* first vice president: Raúl Bittel
* second vice president: Juan Pablo Seminara
* secretary: Arthur Rongen
* treasurer: Michiel Bosnan

## Argentine chess players

* Pablo Zarnicki
* Hermann Pilnik
* Augusto de Muro, president of the Argentine Chess Federation
* Raúl Bittel, vice president of the Argentine Chess Federation
# Závišice

Závišice (German: Sawersdorf) is a municipality and village in Nový Jičín District in the Moravian-Silesian Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 1,100 inhabitants.

## History

The first written mention of Závišice is from 1354.
# Seven Scholars of Jian'an

Seven scholars of Jian'an or Chien-an (Chinese: 建安七子), also translated as the "seven philosophers or masters of Jian'an", were a group of seven Chinese intellectuals of the late Eastern Han dynasty. The name was coined by Cao Pi. The Jian'an era was the era from 196–220 during the reign of Emperor Xian. Known as the time of unrest preceding the Three Kingdoms era, the period gained popularity in the East Asian culture.
The seven scholars are Wang Can, Chen Lin, Ruan Yu (阮瑀), Liu Zhen (劉楨), Xu Gan, Ying Yang [zh; fr] (應瑒), and Kong Rong.
Ruan Yu was the father of Ruan Ji, one of the Seven Sages of the Bamboo Grove.
# Thombo

The Thombo or Tombo (Tamil: தோம்பு, Sinhala: තෝම්බු) was a land registry compiled by the Portuguese to provide a detailed statement of property ownership and tax obligations in Portuguese Ceylon. First compiled in 1615, they are still sometimes used to settle land disputes. There were three categories of Thombo during Dutch Ceylon timeline:
* Land Thombo
* Family Thombo
* School Thombo
# Herbert Gayler

Herbert Gayler (3 December 1881 – 23 June 1917) was a British cyclist. He competed in two events at the 1912 Summer Olympics. He was killed in action during the First World War.
Gayler served as a private in the London Regiment during the First World War. He took part in the Waziristan campaign against the Mahsud tribe, and was killed by sniper fire in an ambush on 23 June 1917. Gayler is commemorated at India Gate.
# Roman Catholic Diocese of Vélez

The Roman Catholic Diocese of Vélez (Latin: Dioecesis Velezana) is a diocese located in the city of Vélez in the ecclesiastical province of Bucaramanga in Colombia.

## History

* 14 May 2003: Established as Diocese of Vélez from the Diocese of Socorro y San Gil

## Ordinaries

* Luis Albeiro Cortés Rendón (May 14, 2003 – November 30, 2015), appointed Auxiliary Bishop of Pereira
* Marco Antonio Merchán Ladino (October 26, 2016 – present)
# Komomaki

Komomaki (菰巻き, komomaki) are straw belts, also known as waramaki, wrapped around trees during winter in Japan to protect them against pests. They are wrapped around pine trees, a custom that dates back to the Edo period.

## History

During the Edo period a gardener developed komomaki as a method of attracting a pest known as the "pine moth" in English. Called matsugahera in Japanese, and Dendrolimus spectabilis scientifically, the moths eat pine needles which can weaken the tree. The komomaki are placed as a warm place for the caterpillars to spend the winter, and they are burned just before spring, before the caterpillars emerge from hibernation. The ashes are used as fertiliser.

## Effectiveness

In recent times it has become known that in reality the komomaki catch more insects that are beneficial for the pine trees, and that the number of pine moths caught was relatively low.
A study by Chikako Niiho and others from the Himeji Institute of Technology on the komomaki at Himeji castle discovered that in 2005 only six of the 1,577 insects caught that year (0.3%) were pine moths.

## Currently

The Tokyo Imperial Palace and the Kyoto Imperial Palace no longer use komomaki, but they can be seen in nine traditional gardens in Tokyo as a seasonal marker (風物詩, fūbutsushi). They can also be seen on the pine trees in the KEK research organisation in Tsukuba, Ibaraki prefecture.
# Jippaa Jimikki

Jippaa Jimikki is a 2015 Indian Tamil-language romantic drama film directed by Ra Rajasekhar and starring Krishik Divakar and Kushbhu Prasad.

## Cast

* Krishik Divakar as Krishik
* Kushbhu Prasad as Shruti
* Aadukalam Naren as Krishik's father
* Ilavarasu as a lorry driver
* Rajendran as a farmer

## Production

The film was shot in Coorg.

## Reception

M. Suganth of The Times of India gave the film a rating of one out of five stars and said that "The director mutilates a dead plot with insipid writing". Malini Mannath of The New Indian Express wrote that "The screenplay is listless, the narration insipid". A critic from Dinamalar called the film documentary-like.
# E. W. Kannangara

Senator Edward Wilmot Kannangara, CBE (Sinhala: කන්නන්ගර; Tamil: கன்னங்கரா) (1894-19??) was a Ceylonese civil servant and statesman. He served as the Permanent Secretary to the Ministry of Health and Local Government and a member of the Senate of Ceylon.

## Civil service career

Kannangara graduated from the University of London with a Bachelor of Arts degree having read English, Latin, Greek, Pure and Applied Mathematics. He first taught at the Government Training College before sitting for the civil service entrance exam with his friend Paikiasothy Saravanamuttu. He was appointed to the Ceylon Civil Service as a cadet in August 1919 along with Saravanamuttu, R. S. V. Poulier, T. D. Perera.
Kannangara served is cadetship in the Kachcheri in Kandy and Batticaloa. He then served as an additional police magistrate in Negombo and Avissawella. He was promoted to police magistrate of Avissawella in 1923 and served as police magistrate of Jaffan and Balapitiya. He served as the Clerk of the State Council from 1933 to 1940 and thereafter as Commissioner for Local Government and Secretary to the Minister for Local Administration, S. W. R. D. Bandaranaike. He served in the War Savings Advisory Committee. He was thereafter the Permanent Secretary to the Ministry of Health and Local Government until his retirement. He was a member of the Commission of Inquiry appointed by the Governor General to inquire into Local Government headed by N. K. Choksy, QC.

## Later life

He was elected to the Senate of Ceylon, serving from 1954 to 1959. He was the treasure of the Young Men's Christian Association, Colombo and member of the British And Foreign Bible Society (Ceylon Auxiliary) and the Royal Asiatic Society (Ceylon Branch).

### Boy Scouts movement

He also served as Chief Commissioner of Boy Scouts of Ceylon in 1954, and served on the World Scout Committee of the World Organization of the Scout Movement from 1960 until 1961. Kingsley C. Dassanaike worked to promote Scouting for the deaf and blind with his support. Kannangara participated the 11th World Scout Jamboree, Marathon Greece 1963 as a Contingent Leader from Ceylon.

## Honors

He was appointed an Officer of the Order of the British Empire (OBE) in 1941 and a Commander of the Order of the British Empire (CBE) in the 1952 Birthday Honours.

## Family

His daughter Manel Abeysekera became the first Sri Lankan female diplomat.
# Yalta Mountain-Forest Nature Reserve

Yalta Mountain-Forest Nature Reserve (Ukrainian: Ялтинський гірсько-лісовий природний заповідник) is a protected nature reserve that covers the southwestern ranges of the Crimean Mountains, along the south coast of the Crimean Peninsula. The reserve is in the administrative district of Yalta Municipality

## Topography

The reserve stretches for about 40 km along the southern slopes of the mountainous southwest of the Crimean peninsula. At its widest it is about 23 km north-to-south. The borders do not extend down to the sea except in a few spots to the south. The highest mountain in the reserve is Ai-Petri, at 1,234 metres (4,049 ft) above sea level. The slopes are steep, built on Triassic schist, overlaid by Jurassic limestone, and Quaternary loess on the ridges.
The top of the ridge is a hilly plateau that varies in width from a few hundred meters up to 7 km. The plateau holds karst caves and caverns.

## Climate and ecoregion

The official climate designation for the Yalta Mountain area is "Humid continental climate - hot summer sub-type" (Köppen climate classification Dfa), with large seasonal temperature differentials and a hot summer (at least four months averaging over 10 °C (50 °F), at least one of which is over 22 °C (72 °F). Average temperatures at the lower elevations in the reserve range from −3.5 °C (25.7 °F) in January to 24 °C (75 °F) in July, and annual precipitation averages 550-560 mm. At higher elevations in the mountains, temperatures are cooler and precipitation higher (up to 1,050 mm/year).

## Flora and fauna

Approximately 75% of the reserve is forested. The floral communities depend on the altitude, in four main zones. From sea level to 400 meters, oak trees and Juniperus excelsa are most typical. From 400 to 900 meters the dominant trees are Black European Pine (a subspecies of Pinus nigra, with stands of Sessile oak (Quercus petraea), ash and hornbeam. From 900 to 1200 meters are various pine forests on the slopes, with beeches on the level areas. Meadows steppes are found above 1200 feet.

## Public use

As a strict nature reserve, the Yalta Reserve's primary purpose is protection of nature and scientific study. Public access is limited: mass recreation and construction of facilities is prohibited, as are hunting and fishing. The reserve does support environmental education, and maintains a number of "ecological trails" that are open to public hikers. As with all reserves on the Crimean Peninsula, ownership is subject to dispute.
# Al-Sadiqoun Bloc

Al-Sadiqoun Bloc (Arabic: كتلة الصادقون) or just Al-Sadiqoun is a Shia Islamist religio-political / electoral coalition in Iraq led by Adnan Fihan Moussa Cheri.

## History

Al-Sadiqoun (literally the speakers of the truth in Arabic) is a political wing of the Shia Asa'ib Ahl al-Haq (AAH; Arabic: عصائب أهل الحق ‘Aṣayib Ahl al-Haq, "League of the Righteous"), a Shia anti-American grouping with alleged Iranian patronage.
Asa'ib Ahl al-Haq leader Qais al-Khazali declared the intention of his group of taking part in the 2014 Iraqi Parliamentary elections as a political bloc under the name of Al-Sadiqoun Bloc. Adnan Fihan Moussa Cheri was named leader of the bloc. Al-Sadiqoun Bloc offered its candidates under electoral listing #218.
However an electoral meeting of estimated 10,000 supporters of Al-Sadiqoun was marred by violence as a series of bombs exploded at the campaign rally held at the Industrial Stadium in eastern Baghdad killing at least 37 people and wounding scores of others, according to Iraqi police. The Shia group organizers had planned to announce at the rally the names of its candidates for the parliamentary election.
The Al-Sadiqoun Bloc ended up winning just one seat out of the total 328 seats in the Iraqi Parliament in 2014 with its successful candidate elected from the Baghdad Governorate.
# Oonoonba, Queensland

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Oonoonba is a suburb of Townsville in the City of Townsville, Queensland, Australia. In the 2021 census, Oonoonba had a population of 2,050 people.

## Geography

Oonoonba is approximately 5.8 kilometres (3.6 mi) by road south from Townsville central business district.
The suburb is bounded to the north by the Ross River, to the east loosely by Gordon Creek, to the south by the North Coast railway line and to the west loosely by Northshore Circuit.
The suburb is predominantly a residential area. Oonoonba was once considered isolated from Townsville, but subdivision development at neighbouring Idalia has filled the void between and has made Oonoonba become part of the contiguous urban area of Townsville.
The areas in the north and east of the suburb along the river are not used as they are marshland.
The North Coast railway line passes through the suburb from south (Idalia/Cluden) to north, crossing the Ross River to Railway Estate (19°18′01″S 146°49′05″E﻿ / ﻿19.3003°S 146.8181°E﻿ / -19.3003; 146.8181﻿ (Bridges from Oonoonba to Railway Estate)). The suburb is served by the Oonoonba railway station (19°18′01″S 146°49′05″E﻿ / ﻿19.3003°S 146.8181°E﻿ / -19.3003; 146.8181﻿ (Oonoonba railway station)) but there is no infrastructure at the station any more.
South Townsville Road (Abbot Street) runs through the suburb from south (Idalia/Cluden where it connects to the Bruce Highway), running parallel and to the immediate east of the railway line, exiting the suburb as it crosses the Ross River on Rooneys Bridge to Railway Estate. There are three bridge crossings at this point from west to east: the rail bridge, a pedestrian/cycle bridge, and the road bridge.

## History

The suburb takes its name from its railway station name, which in turn was named in 1880 using an Aboriginal word meaning water or wet ground.
Oonoonba State School opened on 15 November 1920. The "old school" was later bulldozed for the new road creating the "new school" the school was opened in 2002 and is still open today.

## Demographics

In the 2016 census, Oonoonba had a population of 1,675 people.
In the 2021 census, Oonoonba had a population of 2,050 people.

## Education

There are no schools within the suburb. The nearest primary school is Oonoonba State School, which is within the boundaries of the neighbouring suburb of Idalia. The nearest secondary schools are Townsville State High School to the north in Railway Estate and William Ross State High School in Annandale.
# Eyeline match

An eyeline match is a film editing technique associated with the continuity editing system. It is based on the premise that an audience will want to see what the character on-screen is seeing. An eyeline match begins with a character looking at something off-screen, followed by a cut of another object or person: for example, a shot showing a man looking off-screen is followed by a shot of a television. Given the audience's initial interest in the man's gaze, it is generally implied on the basis of the second shot that the man in the first was looking at the television, even though the man is never seen looking at the television within the same shot.
Alfred Hitchcock's Rear Window, for example, makes frequent use of eyeline matches. The main character, played by James Stewart, is confined to his apartment and often looks out its rear window at events in the buildings across from him. Hitchcock frequently cuts from Stewart looking off-screen to various people and events that are assumed to be the focus of his gaze.
Eyeline match also refers to the practice of setting off-camera eyelines for single shots of characters within a scene such that, when these shots are cut together, each of the characters appear to be looking at the correct character, without any confusion. Factors influencing the position of the off-camera eyeline (usually by placing the other actors off camera but sometimes by giving the on-camera actor a mark to look at) include the 180 degree rule, camera lens/height/distance to subject and geography of the set. For instance, matching close-ups of two actors in a scene would be shot on the same lens with the camera placed at a matching height (either the same height, or at the off-camera actor's height or the on-camera actor's height) and distance, with the off-camera actor positioned equidistant from the lens and on opposite sides so that Actor A looks off camera right and Actor B looks off camera left.
# Bakhchysarai Raion

Bakhchysarai Raion (Russian: Бахчисарайский район; Ukrainian: Бахчисарайський район; Crimean Tatar: Bağçasaray rayonı) is one of the 25 regions of Crimea, an internationally recognized territory of Ukraine occupied and annexed by Russia in 2014. Population: 90,911 (2014 Census).
The Bakhchysarai Raion is situated in the southwestern part of the peninsula. Two thirds of the raion's area is mountainous, while the northwestern part of the region is occupied by the coastal plain.

## Places of interest

The raion contains a great number of historical landmarks of the ancient history and the Middle Ages history of Crimea, among which are so called cave cities Chufut-Kale, Mangup, and others. The administrative centre of the raion, Bakhchysarai, in the past was a capital of the Crimean Khanate. In addition, the Crimean Astrophysical Observatory is located in the town of Nauchnyi.
A few other important attractions located within the raion:
* Bakhchysarai Palace
* The "cave city" of Çufut Qale
* The "cave city" of Eski Kermen
* Mangup
* The "cave city" of Tepe-Kermen
* Uspenskyi Cave Monastery

## 2020 Ukrainian Administrative Reform

In July 2020, Ukraine conducted an administrative reform throughout its de jure territory. This included Crimea, which was at the time occupied by Russia, and is still ongoing as of October 2023. Crimea was reorganized from 14 raions and 11 municipalities into 10 raions, with municipalities abolished altogether. The territory of Bakhchysarai Raion was expanded to include parts of Sevastopol, which has been de jure implemented since 2023.

## Footnotes and references

* ↑ Russian Federal State Statistics Service (2014). "Таблица 1.3. Численность населения Крымского федерального округа, городских округов, муниципальных районов, городских и сельских поселений" [Table 1.3. Population of Crimean Federal District, Its Urban Okrugs, Municipal Districts, Urban and Rural Settlements]. Федеральное статистическое наблюдение «Перепись населения в Крымском федеральном округе». ("Population Census in Crimean Federal District" Federal Statistical Examination) (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service. Retrieved January 4, 2016.
* ↑ "Bakhchisaray historical and cultural preserve". Archived from the original on 2013-03-29. Retrieved 2012-11-26.
* ↑ "Про утворення та ліквідацію районів". Офіційний вебпортал парламенту України (in Ukrainian). Retrieved 2023-10-16.
* ↑ "Про внесення змін до деяких законодавчих актів України щодо вирішення окремих питань адміністративно-територіального устрою Автономної Республіки Крим". Офіційний вебпортал парламенту України (in Ukrainian). 2023-08-23. Retrieved 2024-03-28.