OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Novaya Igirma

Novaya Igirma (Russian: Новая Игирма) is an urban locality (an urban-type settlement) in Nizhneilimsky District of Irkutsk Oblast, Russia. Population: 10,161 (2010 Census); 10,965 (2002 Census); 13,070 (1989 Soviet census).
# Pectinate line

The pectinate line (dentate line) is a line which divides the upper two-thirds and lower third of the anal canal. Developmentally, this line represents the hindgut-proctodeum junction.
It is an important anatomical landmark in humans, and forms the boundary between the anal canal and the rectum according to the anatomic definition. Colorectal surgeons instead define the anal canal as the zone from the anal verge to the anorectal ring (palpable structure formed by the external anal sphincter and the puborectalis muscle). Several distinctions can be made based upon the location of a structure relative to the pectinate line:
| Distinction | Above pectinate line | Below pectinate line |
| Lymph drainage | internal iliac | superficial inguinal lymph nodes (below Hilton's white line) |
| Epithelium | columnar epithelium (as is most of the digestive tract - the line represents the end of the part of the body derived from the hindgut) | stratified squamous epithelium, non-keratinized (until Hilton's white line, where the anal verge becomes continuous with the perianal skin containing keratinized epithelium.) |
| Embryological origin | endoderm | ectoderm |
| Artery | superior rectal artery | middle and inferior rectal arteries |
| Vein | superior rectal vein draining into the inferior mesenteric vein and subsequently the hepatic portal system | middle and inferior rectal veins |
| Hemorrhoids classification | internal hemorrhoids (not painful) | external hemorrhoids (painful) |
| Nerves | inferior hypogastric plexus | pudendal nerves |

## Additional images

* Microscopic cross section of the anorectal junction
* Anatomy of the anus and rectum
* Coronal section of rectum and anal canal
# Kovernino, Koverninsky District, Nizhny Novgorod Oblast

Kovernino (Russian: Ковернино́) is an urban locality (an urban-type settlement) in Koverninsky District of Nizhny Novgorod Oblast, Russia. Population: 6,892 (2010 Census); 6,875 (2002 Census); 7,212 (1989 Soviet census).
# Shahinabad Junction railway station

Shahinabad Junction Railway Station (Urdu: شاہین آباد جنکشن ریلوے اسٹیشن) is located in Pakistan.
# Sydney Payne

Sydney Payne (born September 16, 1997) is a Canadian rower. Payne's hometown is Toronto, Ontario.

## Career

Payne is a two time U-23 World Champion in the women's eights boat, in 2017 and 2018. Later in 2018, Payne helped the senior women's eights boat to a silver at the World Championships. In 2019, Payne was part of the coxless four boat, finishing in eighth at the World Championships and qualifying Canada the boat for the 2020 Summer Olympics.
In June 2021, Payne was named to Canada's 2020 Olympic team in the women's eights boat. At the Olympics, the boat won the gold medal, Canada's first in the event since 1992.
# General Staff of the Armed Forces of the Islamic Republic of Iran

General Staff of the Armed Forces of the Islamic Republic of Iran (Persian: ستاد کل نیروهای مسلح جمهوری اسلامی ایران, romanized: Setad-e Kol-e Niruha-ye Mosallah-e Jomhuri-ye Islami-ye Iran) is the most senior military body in Iran, to implement policy, monitor and coordinate activities within the Armed Forces.
Iran's two existing separate militaries, the Islamic Republic of Iran Army (Arteš) and the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps (Sepāh) are formally subordinate to the general staff, as well as Iran's sole national police force, the Law Enforcement Command.
The organization was set up in 1989 to enhance cooperation and counterbalance the rivalry between the armed forces and is directly decreed by Supreme Leader of Iran, while the Ministry of Defence and Armed Forces Logistics, responsible for planning, logistics and funding of the armed forces is part of the executive branch under the President of Iran.

## List of Chiefs

| No. | Chief | Took office | Left office | Time in office | Defence branch | Deputies | Ref. |
| Chief of the Headquarters of the General Command of Forces |||||||||
| – | Akbar Hashemi Rafsanjani (1934–2017) Acting | July 1988 | 1988 | 0 years | none | none | – |
| 1 | Mousavi, Mir-HosseinMir-Hossein Mousavi (born 1942) | 1988 | 1989 | 0–1 years | none | Hassan Firouzabadi (1988–1989) | – |
| Chief of the General Staff of the Armed Forces |||||||||
| 1 | Firouzabadi, HassanMajor general Hassan Firouzabadi (1951–2021) | 26 September 1989 | 28 June 2016 | 26 years, 276 days | Basij | Mohammad Forouzandeh (1989–1993) Ali Sayad Shirazi (1993–1999) Gholam Ali Rashid (1999–2016) | – |
| 2 | Bagheri, MohammadMajor general Mohammad Bagheri (born c. 1960) | 28 June 2016 | Incumbent | 8 years, 120 days | IRGC | Abdolrahim Mousavi (2016–2017) Ataollah Salehi (2017–2019) Mohammad-Reza Gharaei Ashtiani (2019–2021) Aziz Nasirzadeh (2021–2024) Mohammad-Reza Gharaei Ashtiani (2024–) | – |
# War correspondents in Syria

War correspondents in Syria refers to the situation experienced by war correspondents during the Syrian Civil War starting in 2011.

## Death of foreign correspondents and civilians

As of March 2013, it is estimated that 70,000 or more civilians had been killed and, according to the Doha Centre for Media Freedom and Syrian Journalists Association, 278 journalists were killed since the beginning of the civil war, between 2011 and 2015.
In between the different publishing dates, there have been accumulating reports of similar journalist deaths ranging from roughly 60-300 deaths in correspondents. The Committee to Protect Journalists in 2012 provided statistics stating that the Syrian Civil War has one of the largest recorded numbers of deaths when it comes to the number of war journalists who died abroad. Most of these deaths took place in Syria or adjacent borders and countries where the correspondents did not have any direct protection or were in travel.
In 2013, the number of war journalists kidnapped, killed and threatened reached its highest figure and since then the numbers have decreased. According to Jason Stern, from the Committee to Protect Journalists, this declining number of deaths is due to there are lees journalists in the country.
One of the most famous cases was the death of the New York Times´ correspondent, the American Anthony Shadid, who died in February 2012 in Damascus. Another significant death was the British Marie Colvin, correspondent for The Sunday Times, who died reporting the siege of Homs together with the French photographer Rémi Ochlik.

## Value of journalism in Syria

Francesca Borri has been reporting from Syria since 2012 and has published two books on the dynamics of the war within the country and within refugee communities as a result. Her opinions on the culture that is perceived by some as a cause of war in these times of turmoil further supports the importance of journalistic insight by these correspondents. According to her, the Arab culture is more "advanced" than Western culture in some aspects; for example, the community is more important than an individual and those involved have a relevance thanks to the influence of friends or family.
# National Museum of Pakistan

The National Museum of Pakistan (Urdu: قومی عجائب گھر پاکِستان) is a public museum located in Karachi, Pakistan.

## History

The National Museum of Pakistan was established in Frere Hall in 1951, replacing the defunct Victoria Museum. Frere Hall itself was built in 1865 as a tribute to Sir Bartle Frere, a commissioner of Sind during the 19th century. Once the museum was inaugurated the government of Pakistan deemed it wise to constitute an Advisory Council in 1950 with a primary duty to counsel the museum on the issues of enriching its collection through new acquisitions and purchase of antiquities and works of arts. The museum was shifted to the present premises, located in Burns Garden, in 1970.

## Galleries

In 1970 there were only four galleries in the museum. Over time the museum grew, with the building currently housing a total of eleven galleries including a “Quran Gallery”. The National Museum has more than 300 copies of the Quran, out of which around 52 rare manuscripts are on display. The museum also contains an important collection of items relating to Pakistan's cultural heritage. Some other galleries display Indus civilization artifacts, Gandhara civilization sculptures, Islamic art, miniature paintings, ancient coins and manuscripts documenting Pakistan's political history. There is also an Ethnological Gallery with life size statues of different ethnicities living in the four provinces of modern-day Pakistan.
The museum has a collection of seals and statues found at the Mohenjo-daro site. The statues include the so-called Priest-King, terracotta toys and many stamp seals. It also shows some ancient coins found in those Hijri and some belongings of the national heroes of Pakistan: Quaid-e-Azam's pen, cuffs, and sword; Allama Iqbal's personal chair and pen; and Liaqat Ali Khan's personal itar bottle, watch and walking stick. There are galleries that show the clothing Muslims used to make, pottery work done by people, glasses made by Muslims, and the apparatus that was used.

## Collection

The museum has a collection of 58,000 old coins (some dating from 74 Al-Hijra), and hundreds of well-preserved sculptures. Some 70,000 publications, books and other reading material of the Archeology and Museums Department were also shifted to the National Museum so that general public could see them. Every year National Museum holds around a dozen exhibitions on National Days and other occasions.

## Facilities

For the preservation of the collection, a conservation laboratory is also a part of the museum. There is an auditorium on the museum premises with a 250 seating capacity.
# Flat Iron

Flat Iron was a First Nations lacrosse player who competed in the 1904 Summer Olympics for Canada. In 1904 he was member of the Mohawk Indians Lacrosse Team which won the bronze medal in the lacrosse tournament.
# Rao Abdus Sattar

Rao Abdus Sattar (Urdu: راؤ عبد الستار) is a Pakistani politician who serves as the Senator from Sahiwal, Pakistan, in office since 1973.
# Ashar Zaidi

Syed Ashar Ahmed Zaidi (Urdu: سید اشعر احمد زیدی; born 13 July 1981) is a Pakistani first-class cricketer. Zaidi is a left-handed batsman and left-arm orthodox spin bowler who is considered an all-rounder. He has played first-class cricket for Islamabad in Pakistan and for Sussex and Essex in England and has represented the Pakistan A cricket team at international level. He holds a British passport and as a result can play as a domestic player in England.
In August 2024, he was banned from all cricket for a period of five years by the International Cricket Council.

## First-class career

Zaidi began his career playing for Islamabad Cricket Association in Pakistan. He appeared 88 times for the team between 1999 and 2010 and made appearances for other teams in Pakistan during the period. During the period between 2010 and 2013, he played club cricket in England for Accrington Cricket Club as well as appearing for Gazi Tank in the Dhaka Premier League in Bangladesh.
Zaidi joined Sussex County Cricket Club on non-contract terms towards the end of the 2013 season making two first-class appearances. Following the season, he signed a two-year contract with the club. During a County Championship match in September 2015, Zaidi was abused by English bowler Craig Overton whilst he was batting. Overton received a two match ban as a result of the incident. Zaidi later called on Overton to apologise for the abuse.
After making 19 first-class appearances for the county, Zaidi was released by Sussex at the end of the 2015 season before signing a one-year contract with Essex in January 2016. He played a total of 65 games for Essex over three seasons, but was released at the end of 2018.

## Franchise and T20 career
### Bangladesh Premier League

Zaidi was selected by Comilla Victorians in the draft for the 2015 Bangladesh Premier League. He won the player of the tournament award, taking 17 wickets and scoring 215 runs as Comilla won the tournament. Zaidi's simple approach to both batting and bowling during the tournament was noted, although his performance was generally considered a surprise given his lack of Twenty20 experience prior to the tournament.

## Ban from cricket

In August 2024, Ashar Zaidi, who was the batting coach, along with Pune Devils team co-owners Parag Sanghvi and Krishan Kumar Choudhary were handed bans after admitting to various breaches of the Emirates Cricket Board (ECB) Anti-Corruption Code for Participants of the Abu Dhabi T10 cricket league.
The charges all relate to the 2021 Abu Dhabi T10 cricket league, and were brought on by the International Cricket Council (ICC) on behalf of the ECB. Asher Zaidi was provisionally suspended on 19 September 2023, and subsequently banned from all cricket for a period of five years. He will be re-eligible to participate in cricket from 19 September 2027 onwards as the ban has been backdated to the date of suspension.
# Man Afraid Soap

Man Afraid of the Soap (2 October 1869 – 19 June 1937) was a Canadian lacrosse player who competed in the 1904 Summer Olympics. In 1904, he was member of the Mohawk Indians Lacrosse Team which won the bronze medal in the lacrosse tournament.
Man Afraid of the Soap was the father of Bill Isaacs, Canadian Lacrosse Hall of Fame inductee.
# Necitumumab

Necitumumab (INN) is a recombinant human IgG1 monoclonal antibody used as an antineoplastic, which is manufactured by Eli Lilly. It binds to the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). The US FDA approved necitumumab under the brand name Portrazza for use with gemcitabine and cisplatin in previously untreated metastatic squamous non-small-cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC). It was counterproductive in non-squamous non-small-cell lung carcinoma.
# Angakauitai

Angakauitai is an island of the Gambier Islands of French Polynesia. It has an area of 0.7 km$^2$ and its highest point is at 139 m. It is administratively part of the Gambier Islands. It is uninhabited.
# Akamaru Island

Akamaru is the third largest island in the Gambier Islands of French Polynesia. It is a small, rocky island with an area of approximately 2.6 km$^2$ (1.0 sq mi). The island is located approximately 7 km (4.3 mi) southeast of Mangareva, which is the largest island of the whole Gambier Islands archipelago. Akamaru's highest point rises to an elevation of 247 m (810 ft).
The first European to arrive was the navigator James Wilson in 1797. In 1834, the French missionary Honoré Laval celebrated the first Mass on the island. The church of Notre-Dame de la Paix was built between 1835 and 1862. People from Mangareva sometimes visit to maintain the church and pick oranges in season. According to the 2012 census, there are 22 inhabitants.
The much smaller island of Mekiro is located just off (about 100 m) Akamaru's northwestern shore.

## Gallery

* View of Akamaru and Mekiro
* Church of Notre-Dame de la Paix
* Alley of coconut trees
* View on Mangareva island from Akamaru
* Palms
# Zaviyeh Hamudi

Zaviyeh Hamudi (Persian: زاويه حمودي, also Romanized as Zāvīyeh Ḩamūdī, Zavīyeh Hamoodī, and Zāveyeh-ye Ḩamūdī; also known as Hamūdī and Zavīyeh) is a village in Qeblehi Rural District, in the Central District of Dezful County, Khuzestan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 523, in 107 families.
# Spanish Social Reform

Spanish Social Reform (Spanish: Reforma Social Española, RSE) was a Spanish political party founded in 1976 by Manuel Cantarero del Castillo, a former francoist leader. It contested the 1977 general election, scoring a disappointing result and failing to win any seat. It was subsequently dissolved in October 1977, with some of its members joining the Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE). Manuel Cantarero would join the Liberal Citizens Action of José María de Areilza, which in the 1979 general election would run within the Democratic Coalition.
# Baddomalhi railway station

Baddomalhi Railway Station (Urdu: بدوملہی ریلوے اسٹیشن, Punjabi: بدوملہی ریلوے اسٹیشن) is located in Baddomalhi city, Narowal district, Punjab province, Pakistan.
# Bell Lake Provincial Park

Bell Lake Provincial Park is a provincial park on the north shore of Bell Lake in the Porcupine Provincial Forest, Manitoba, Canada. It is 4 hectares (9.9 acres) in size. It was designated as a provincial park in 1974.
The park is located within the Porcupine Hills Ecodistrict in the Mid-Boreal Uplands Ecoregion within the Boreal Plains Ecozone.
# Royal Factory of La Moncloa

Royal Factory of La Moncloa (Spanish: Real Fábrica de La Moncloa; variations: Moncloa Porcelain Factory, or Royal Porcelain Factory and Thin Earthenware of the Moncloa, or Real Fábrica de Loza de la Moncloa) (Spanish: Real Fábrica de La Moncloa) was a Spanish manufacturing plant for porcelain and ceramics which was in operation in the 19th century. The Royal Factory of La Moncloa was located in Moncloa-Aravaca, Madrid, in a place called the Granjilla of Jeronimos in Cementerio de La Florida.

## History

When the British attacked French positions in Madrid in 1812, during the Peninsular War they damaged the Real Fábrica del Buen Retiro, a porcelain factory on a site in the Buen Retiro Park. Later that year General Hill took his troops from Madrid to join the main army under Wellington near Alba de Tormes. Before leaving the Spanish capital, the British burned what remained of the factory. Although the building had been fortified as part of French defensive positions in the park, it has been suggested that the destruction was at least in part caused by commercial rivalry on the part of the British, as it represented a mercantilist project designed to reduce the need for imports.
Production resumed after the absolutist restoration, but at a new site in the Moncloa district of Madrid in a building which had once been a villa of the Alva family on the Manzanares River. The Royal Factory of La Moncloa inherited personnel as well as moulds and other materials surviving from the old factory. Founded by Ferdinand VII, the factory was patronized by his second wife, Queen Maria Isabel of Portugal.
The first director was an Italian, Antonio Forni from the Capodimonte porcelain manufactory. There was a change of artistic policy under Bartolomé Sureda y Miserol, appointed to the position of acting director on 26 March 1821, and made the full director the following year. Sureda had been director of the Real Fábrica de Porcelana del Buen Retiro, and during his career he ran other royal factories such as the Real Fábrica de Paños in Guadalajara, and the Real Fábrica de Cristales de La Granja. Sureda was succeeded by Eusebio Zuloaga (1808-1898). It continued to operate until 1849. It was revived in the 1870s, and was involved with architectural ceramics such as the tiles of the Palacio de Velazquez.
In order to meet the requirements of the factory's pottery industry with technically trained personnel, a school of ceramic arts (Escuela de Cerámica Artística) was established in Moncloa, as well as a factory for the production of fine loza. In 1877, 2 hectares (4.9 acres) of land was allotted for this purpose. In 1882, the Escuela de Cerámica Artística was divided to form Escuela Oficial de Cerámica (Official School of Ceramics) and the Escuela Madrileña de Cerámica de La Moncloa (Madrid School of Ceramics of La Moncloa). The schools came under pressure in 1911 from Francisco Alcántara. Subsidy grants to run the schools were formalized in 1914 through a royal decree under the title "Escuela de Ceramica Artistica".
# Spathades

Spathades (Greek: Σπαθάδες) is a village and a community in the municipal unit of Paralithaioi in the Trikala regional unit, Greece. It is located 16 km north of the city of Trikala, and 8 km east of Kalabaka. The community includes the small village Agios Nikolaos.

## Population

| Year | Population |
| 1981 | 441 |
| 1991 | 339 |
| 2001 | 358 |
| 2011 | 282 |
| 2021 | 205 |
# Trévadine Reservoir

Trévadine Reservoir (French: Réservoir de Trévadine, Retenue de Trévadine) is a reservoir in the Haute-Corse department of France, on the island of Corsica. It stores water for drinking and irrigation, which is fed to reservoirs in the coastal plain.

## Dam

The Trévadine Reservoir is in the commune of Ghisoni. The dam impounds the Fiumorbo river below the Sampolo Reservoir and the Défilé de l'Inzecca. The D344 road passes its northeast shore. The dam is owned and operated by Électricité de France (EDF), and came into service in 1991. The gravity dam is 17 metres (56 ft) high and 145 metres (476 ft) long, with a crest elevation of 153 metres (502 ft). It impounds 247,000 cubic metres (8,700,000 cu ft) of water. The reservoir covers 5 hectares (12 acres). It is fed from a drainage basin of 135 square kilometres (52 sq mi).
The 44 MW Trévadine hydroelectric plant, which receives water from the Sampolo Reservoir, discharges into the south of the Trévadine Reservoir. The plant and the downstream water reservoir have been the main economic driver for the village of Lugo-di-Nazza to the south.

## Operations

The reservoir supplies water to the reservoirs in the plain: the 2,350,000 cubic metres (83,000,000 cu ft) Bacciana Reservoir, the 4,300,000 cubic metres (150,000,000 cu ft) Teppe Rosse Reservoir and the 5,500,000 cubic metres (190,000,000 cu ft) Alzitone Reservoir. The reservoirs in turn deliver water using gravity.
In winter an outlet in the Trévadine Reservoir supplies an 800 millimetres (31 in) above-ground steel pipe that runs for a distance of 7.5 kilometres (4.7 mi) to the reservoirs of Alzitone, Teppe Rosse and Bacciana. It is able to carry about 0.9 cubic metres (32 cu ft) per second. Downstream a network of distribution pipes carries water to users in the municipalities of Prunelli-di-Fiumorbo, Serra-di-Fiumorbo, Ventiseri and Solaro.
About 900 litres per second (32 cu ft/s) of water is taken from the Fium'Orbu in winter with occasional peaks of as much as 1,200 litres per second (42 cu ft/s). In summer the Fium'Orbu continue to supply 250 to 400 litres per second (8.8 to 14.1 cu ft/s) to the reservoirs, but delivery of water to users requires operation of pumping stations.

## Ecology

The reservoir has low biological significance. Flora include Montpellier cistus (Cistus monspeliensis), yellow flatsedge (Cyperus flavescens), wild carrot (Daucus carota), yellow fleabane (Dittrichia viscosa), black poplar (Populus nigra) and rough cocklebur (Xanthium strumarium).
# Chel Shah Heydar Aqa

Chel Shah Heydar Aqa (Persian: چل شه حيدراقا, also Romanized as Chel Shah Ḩeydar Āqā) is a village in Darreh Kayad Rural District, Sardasht District, Dezful County, Khuzestan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 25, in 4 families.