OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Chaddock Hall

Chaddock Hall was an ancient hall on Chaddock Lane in Tyldesley, Greater Manchester, England. It was designated a Grade II listed building in 1966. It was gutted in an arson attack in 2014.

## History

In the Middle Ages Chaddock was a hamlet, its hall surrounded by a few houses at the eastern extremity of Tyldesley. Its name was recorded as Chaidok in 1332 and Cheidocke in 1586, the last component most probably means oak. A family of yeoman farmers with the same name occupied the estate for many centuries.
Henry and Adam were recorded in 1332 and Thomas de Chaydok a free tenant, in 1350. In the 12th and 13th centuries, the Chaddocks, like their neighbours, had a reputation for lawlessness. Archers from Chaddock fought at Crécy in 1346 and at the Battle of Agincourt in 1415. In 1360, William Chaddock was described as an archer on foot, "potens de corpore et bonis". Hugh Chaddock was a foot-archer drawing daily pay for service from 22 July to 21 October 1391. In 1547, the sons of Hugh Chaddock were summoned for stealing Sir Robert Worsley's tame red deer. Thomas Chaddock graduated from Brasenose College, Oxford in 1692 and was vicar of Eccles in 1721. His only daughter Grace and her husband James Markland sold the estate to Samuel Clowes of Manchester.
In 1782, the Duke of Bridgewater leased land at Chaddock and it was subsequently bought by Robert Haldane Bradshaw for the Bridgewater estates in 1810. The estate then covered 50 Cheshire acres, included were a pew at Leigh Parish Church, two at Astley Chapel and a smithy at Stirrup Brook. Chaddock Pit on the estate was the largest coal mine in Tyldesley in the 1830s, it was probably sunk in the 18th century. The hall is owned by Peel Group. The derelict hall was gutted by fire in a suspected arson attack in December 2014.

## Architecture

Chaddock Hall was a brick and timber-framed hall that has been rendered. It is of two-storeys on a T-shaped plan with an 18th-century range under a slate roof. A datestone at the rear is inscribed "T.C. 1698" (Thomas Chaydock) and a lead rainwater-head is dated "S.C. 1780".
# Maurice Palmade

Maurice Palmade (6 October 1886 – 3 January 1955) was a French politician. He belonged to the Radical Party. Before World War II, he had been a member of parliament. He has been 3 times the budget minister of France.

## Biography

Palmade was born in Rochefort, Charente-Maritime on 6 October 1886. He served in World War I as a captain. He was the minister of budget between 1930 and 1932. On 10 July 1940, Palmade voted in favour of granting the cabinet presided by Marshal Philippe Pétain authority to draw up a new constitution, thereby effectively ending the French Third Republic and establishing Vichy France.
Palmade died in Bordeaux on 3 January 1955.
# Progreso–Nuevo Progreso International Bridge

The Progreso–Nuevo Progreso International Bridge (Spanish: Puente Internacional Nuevo Progreso–Progreso), officially the Weslaco–Progreso International Bridge and also known as the B&P Bridge, is an international bridge over the Rio Grande on the U.S.–Mexico border, connecting the cities of Progreso, Texas and Nuevo Progreso, Río Bravo, Tamaulipas. It has been in operation since 1952.

## History

The Progreso–Nuevo Progreso International Bridge has been in operation at this location since 1952. During the first years of operation the bridge had relatively low crossings of pedestrians, automobile, and commercial traffic. When it opened, it was open 5:00 a.m. to midnight. Tolls were southbound only. Beginning in the 1970s, an increase in all three categories of crossing was seen. In 1981 Cargill, Inc. constructed a grain elevator here for the exportation of corn and grain to Mexico. This exportation of agriculture products continued to grow to the point that four grain elevators are now exporting agriculture products to Mexico (corn, grain sorghum, cotton seed, beans, and popcorn). With the signing of the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA), a substantial increase in commercial traffic in both directions has developed and a new bridge was seen as necessary.
From 1993 through the end of 1997, the Texas Department of Transportation invested over $10 million in FM 1015, which connects to US 281 and I-2/US 83. The Texas Department of Transportation invested over $5 million more in 1998 and in 1999 to provide for five lanes of traffic.
The new bridge was completed in 2003 and features broad, covered walkways on each side and four traffic lanes. A truck bridge, located to the East side, is open to remove heavy northbound truck traffic.
Bridge traffic has been very substantial over the past decade, both southbound and northbound. Since 2000, about 1.25 million pedestrians cross the bridge each year. Another million cars make the Southbound crossing. Truck and tour bus traffic has also increased steadily. Much of the truck crossing now carries grain, primarily corn for tortillas, to Mexico. Very little truck cargo crosses from Mexico, although this is expected to change with the opening of the new truck bridge.

## Border crossing

The Progreso Port of Entry was opened in July, 1952, with the completion of the Progreso – Nuevo Progreso International Bridge. The original US Border Inspection Station was replaced by the General Services Administration in 1983, and the bridge itself was rebuilt in 2003.
Currently, a $2.00 toll is required when traveling in either direction per vehicle. Pedestrians toll is $1.00 into Mexico, and 30 cents into the United States. Parking is located on both sides of FM 1015 before entering the toll gate.
# Glints (musician)

Jan Maarschalk Lemmens, professionally known as Glints, is a Flemish rapper and singer. Born in Antwerp, he released his first single "Dread" in 2014, with the self-titled début EP Glints following a year later.
In 2018, Glints released the single "Bugatti", the lead single off an as of now untitled first album. The song marked a shift away from his prior indie pop sound into more grime-influenced material, and became a minor hit in Belgium. Glints has also collaborated with electronic duo VRWRK [nl] on several occasions, most notoriously on their single "New Flow".
Glints has played sets at several major music festivals, notably at Pukkelpop in 2017.

## Members

* Jan Maarschalk Lemmens – vocals, songwriting

### Current

* Jergan Callebaut – production, keyboards
* Mathias Bervoets – guitar
* Tim Caramin – drums

### Former

* Ferre Marnef – bass

## Discography

* Glints (2015)
* Burgundy (2017)
* Choirboy (2020)
* The Dark! (2023)
# Bonndorf im Schwarzwald

Bonndorf is a town in the Waldshut district in Baden-Württemberg, Germany. It is situated in the southern Black Forest, 14 km southeast of Titisee-Neustadt.
It comprises the villages Boll, Brunnadern, Dillendorf, Ebnet, Gündelwangen, Holzschlag, Wellendingen and Wittlekofen. The town is well known for its Fastnacht festival held on the days before Ash Wednesday. Wellendingen has its Frogs in the parade. Also in the town is a castle, the Japanese Gardens, and a dedicated museum to Fastnacht festives in the area. In Boll is the Wutach Gorge which runs into the Rhine.

## Mayors since 1945

* 1945: Fritz Göggel
* August 1, 1945: Erwin Leser
* 1946–1957: Leo Speck
* 1958–1972: Oskar Stöckle
* 1973–1992: Peter Folkerts (1946-1992)
* 1992–2021: Michael Scharf (born 1964)
* since 2021: Marlon Jost

## Personalities
### Born in Bonndorf

* Constantin Fehrenbach (1852-1926), politician (center), Reichskanzler 1920–1921
* Adolf Würth (1905-1997), Nazi racist theorist
* Clemens Binninger (born 1962), politician and member of Bundestag (CDU)

### Lived in Bonndorf

* Ralf Dahrendorf, Baron Dahrendorf CFE (1929-2009), German-British sociologist, politician and publicist
# Fast cutting

Fast cutting is a film editing technique which refers to several consecutive shots of a brief duration (e.g. 3 seconds or less). It can be used to quickly convey much information, or to imply either energy or chaos. Fast cutting is also frequently used when shooting dialogue between two or more characters, changing the viewer's perspective to either focus on the reaction of another character's dialog, or to bring to attention the non-verbal actions of the speaking character.
One famous example of fast cutting is the shower scene in Alfred Hitchcock's film Psycho (1960).
More recent examples include the can-can scene in Baz Luhrmann's Moulin Rouge! (2001).
The film Mind Game makes extensive use of fast cutting to convey hundreds of short scenes in the space of fifteen minutes.
In Run Lola Run, fast cutting is used to quickly tell stories about minor characters to show how the casual actions of the protagonists have profound impact on what happens to them.
In various moments in the Saw movies, fast cutting is used frequently during trap scenes, which represent their frantic struggle to escape the trap.
Director Michael Bay makes extensive use of fast-cutting in many of his feature films. He uses the technique most prominently during action sequences, in which it is used to make the action more energetic and intense.

## Hip hop montage

A hip hop montage is a subset of fast cutting used in film to portray a complex action through a rapid series of simple actions in fast motion, accompanied by sound effects. The technique was first given its name by Darren Aronofsky, who used the technique in his films Pi and Requiem for a Dream to portray drug use. According to the director's commentary of Requiem for a Dream, the hip hop montage is used in film as a sample is used in hip hop, with a few moments of film or video, respectively, repeated throughout the work for effect. The technique is derived from the hip hop culture of the 1990s and jump cuts first pioneered in the French new wave.
It was used earlier in Bob Fosse's All That Jazz and Paul Thomas Anderson's Boogie Nights. Guy Ritchie also used the technique in Snatch to portray transcontinental travel. The work of Edgar Wright, most notably in his collaboration with Simon Pegg (Spaced, Shaun of the Dead, Hot Fuzz, and The World's End) uses the technique for comedic effect.
Joseph Gordon-Levitt used the technique extensively in Don Jon (2013) to portray the main character's habits.
# Kosmos 132

Kosmos 132 (Russian: Космос 132 meaning Cosmos 132) or Zenit-2 No.46 was a Soviet, first generation, low resolution, optical film-return reconnaissance satellite launched in 1966. A Zenit-2 spacecraft, Kosmos 132 was the forty-third of eighty-one such satellites to be launched and had a mass of 4,730 kilograms (10,430 lb).
Kosmos 132 was launched by a Vostok-2 rocket, serial number N15001-08, flying from Site 31/6 at the Baikonur Cosmodrome. The launch took place at 08:09 GMT on 19 November 1966, and following its successful arrival in orbit the spacecraft received its Kosmos designation, along with the International Designator 1966-106A and the Satellite Catalog Number 02599.
Kosmos 132 was operated in a low Earth orbit, at an epoch of 19 November 1966, it had a perigee of 210 kilometres (130 mi), an apogee of 276 kilometres (171 mi), an inclination of 65.0°, and an orbital period of 89.3 minutes. After spending eight days in orbit, Kosmos 132 was deorbited with its return capsule descending under parachute, landing at 07:12 GMT on 27 November 1966, and recovered by Soviet force.
# Barry Cowan (tennis)

Barry Cowan (born 25 August 1974) is a British former tennis player, best known for taking Pete Sampras to five sets at Wimbledon in 2001.

## Early years

Born in Southport, Merseyside, Cowan attended the LTA Rover School at Bisham Abbey. He was also a member of Aughton Tennis Club.
A left-hander, Cowan was a versatile sportsman in his junior years; he represented the North of England at under-15 level hockey and is also a member of Ormskirk Golf Club. After success in junior tournaments, Cowan first competed at the All England Club in 1994 as a wild card, losing in the first round to that year's French Open champion Sergi Bruguera in four sets.

## 2000

Cowan was only to appear regularly in Grand Slams as a Wimbledon wild card. However he was successful in qualifying for the U.S. Open at Flushing Meadows in 2000, though he lost in straight sets to Jens Knippschild. Cowan later represented Britain at the Sydney Olympics taking the first set but eventually losing to Daniel Nestor in round one.

## Wimbledon 2001

In 2001, Cowan received a wild card entry into Wimbledon, and won his first ever SW19 singles match against Mark Hilton in straight sets. His second round match was won by World No. 1, Pete Sampras, in five sets, Cowan winning the third and fourth.

## Davis Cup

In September 2001, Cowan played in his only Davis Cup singles match representing Britain in a World Group Qualifier against Ecuador, he lost in straight sets to Luis Adrijan Moreon 6–1, 6–4, although the result did not affect Britain's performance, as they beat Ecuador 4–1 overall.

## 2002 and retirement

In 2002 Cowan reach the second round at Wimbledon, losing in four sets to Ecuador's Nicolás Lapentti. He subsequently announced his retirement from professional tennis.

## After retirement

Since retiring, Cowan has commentated on tennis for Sky Sports. He is a keen supporter of Liverpool Football Club.
# Bishop Thomas K. Gorman Catholic School

Bishop Thomas K. Gorman Catholic School is a parochial Catholic high school and middle school in Tyler, Texas, United States. It is located in the Roman Catholic Diocese of Tyler.

## Background

The school was established in 1958 and is named for Thomas Kiely Gorman, the fourth bishop of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Dallas from 1954 to 1964. At the time of its founding, the school was within the boundaries of the Diocese of Dallas. The eastern portion of the Diocese of Dallas was ceded to the Diocese of Tyler, which was established in 1987.
Located on 30 acres (120,000 m$^2$) in south Tyler, the school's campus features a main classroom building, Saints Peter and Paul Chapel, two gyms, a fine arts center, McCallum Stadium, the renovated Holy Family Library, as well as numerous sports fields and a newly built athletics building including a full gym and trainer's room. It has been ranked as a Top 50 Catholic High School since 2004.

## Facilities

Bishop Thomas K. Gorman maintains several facilities for academic, athletic, and community purposes.
* Main Campus Building
* Saints Peter and Paul Chapel
* Holy Family Library
* McCallum Stadium (football) (soccer)
* Haddad Gym
* Milam Joseph Center
* Baseball Field
* Carney Softball Field
* Tennis Courts
* Field House
* Master's Garden
* Brodnax Family Crusader Center

## Technology

Mac desktop computers in art room and computer labs. Wacom drawing tablets for use of students. Each high school student receives a Macbook at the beginning of the school year. Middle school students provided with Chromebooks.

## State championships

State Championships won by Bishop Thomas K. Gorman:
* Overall State Champions - 2001, 2002
* Academic State Champions - 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002
* Middle School Academic (PSIA) - 2014
* Choir - 2002, 2006, 2010
* Academics - 1999, 2000, 2002
* Ladies Track - 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006
* Ladies Cross Country- 2020
* Men's Cross Country - 2001
* Women's Cross Country - 2004, 2005, 2006, 2020
* Football - 1984, 1995
* Soccer - 2000, 2001
* Golf - 1991, 1992
* Men's Track - 2000, 2002
* Men's Basketball - 1987, 1988
* Women's Tennis - 1980, 1984
* Men's Tennis - 1984
The Bishop Thomas K Gorman high school ladies track team currently holds the record for the most consecutive state championships in TAPPS history, having won the state Track & Field championship every year from 1999 to 2006. The Bishop Gorman Ladies Cross Country team places consistently at TAPPS state championships.

## Notable alumni

* George Cumby (NFL linebacker, college football All-American)
# Andělská Hora (Karlovy Vary District)

Andělská Hora (German: Engelhaus) is a municipality and village in Karlovy Vary District in the Karlovy Vary Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 400 inhabitants.

## Etymology

The original German name means "angel's castle", the Czech name means "angel's mountain". The name refers to the castle on a hill above the settlement, which was founded together with the settlement by the Lords of Plauen, who have an angel in their coat of arms.

## Geography

Andělská Hora is located about 7 kilometres (4 mi) southeast of Karlovy Vary. It lies in the Slavkov Forest. The highest point is the hill Andělská hora at 713 m (2,339 ft) above sea level. The municipality is rich in small brooks and fishponds.

## History

The first written mention of the Andělská Hora Castle is from 1402. It was probably founded shortly before this year. The settlement below the castle was founded in 1488 by Henry III of Plauen.

## Demographics

| Year | Pop. | ±% |
| 1869 | 1,002 | — |
| 1880 | 935 | −6.7% |
| 1890 | 974 | +4.2% |
| 1900 | 953 | −2.2% |
| 1910 | 901 | −5.5% |
| Year | Pop. | ±% |
| 1921 | 777 | −13.8% |
| 1930 | 792 | +1.9% |
| 1950 | 221 | −72.1% |
| 1961 | 287 | +29.9% |
| 1970 | 229 | −20.2% |
| Year | Pop. | ±% |
| 1980 | 215 | −6.1% |
| 1991 | 165 | −23.3% |
| 2001 | 191 | +15.8% |
| 2011 | 294 | +53.9% |
| 2021 | 390 | +32.7% |
Source: Censuses :

## Transport

The I/6 road (part of the European route E48), which replaces the incomplete section of the D6 motorway from Prague to Karlovy Vary, passes through the municipality.

## Sights

Ruins of Andělská Hora Castle is the main landmark of the landscape. The castle was destroyed by fire in 1718 and then never restored.
The Church of Saint Michael the Archangel was built in the late Gothic style in 1487–1490. After the fire in 1718, it was reconstructed in the Baroque style.
The Church of the Holy Trinity was built in the early Baroque style in 1698–1712 according to the design by Giovanni Battista Alliprandi. It was originally a pilgrimage church, later turned into a cemetery church.

## Notable people

* Henry V, Burgrave of Plauen (1533–1568), nobleman
# Petrohué Waterfalls

41°10′20″S 72°26′49″W﻿ / ﻿41.17235°S 72.44683°W﻿ / -41.17235; -72.44683
Petrohué Waterfalls (pronounced petro-WEH; Spanish: Saltos del Petrohué) is a chute-type waterfall in the upper reach of Petrohué River in Chile, a short distance downstream of the source of this river in Todos los Santos Lake. This waterfall is inside the Vicente Pérez Rosales National Park, close to the road leading to the Petrohue locality on lake Todos los Santos. Tourists on the international route between Puerto Montt in Chile and Bariloche in Argentina are generally offered a stop for a walk to enjoy the sights.
The waterfall is supported by basaltic lava (andesite) stemming from the Osorno Volcano that sits in between Todos los Santos and Llanquihue Lake and provides an interesting background for pictures. The average water flow of these falls is of 270 m$^3$ per second, but it can be much larger during the rainy season when the surface level of lake Todos los Santos rises by up to 3 meters. The water, decanted in the lake, is usually clear with a green hue; however, occasionally, when lahars descending from the volcano are active, water at the falls can be loaded with sand and silt. Transport of these abrasive materials explains the polished aspect of the rocks.
Attentive visitors may spot a couple of torrent ducks mastering the rapids, with their chicks when in season.
# 200th Division (National Revolutionary Army)

The 200th Division (simplified Chinese: 第200师; traditional Chinese: 第200師; pinyin: Dì 200 Shī; Wade–Giles: Ti $^2$$^0$$^0$ Shih) was the first mechanised division in the National Revolutionary Army. It was created in 1938 by General Du Yuming, who was also its first commander. Its first action was against the Japanese 14th Division in the Battle of Lanfeng.

## Original organization (January 1938)

200th Division
* 1149th Regiment (Tank Regiment)
* 1150th Regiment (Tank Regiment)
* 1151st Regiment (Armoured Car Regiment)
* 1152nd Regiment (Mechanized Infantry)
* 52nd Artillery Regiment

### Equipment

The Tank regiments had 70 T-26, 4 BT-5, 20 ( 92? ) CV-33 tanks, AMR 35 tanks. The armoured car regiment had around 50 BA armoured cars and 12 ( 18? ) Leichter Panzerspähwagen (Sd Kfz 221) armoured cars. Besides, it had more than 400 Ford trucks. The motorised infantry regiment used Soviet trucks and rifles, and the artillery regiment had 12 122 mm howitzers, also 45 mm anti-aircraft artillery and 75 mm field guns.
Following the Divisions combats in May in the Battle of Lanfeng and in operations afterward until September 1938, the division's original subordinate mechanized units were placed under direct command of the 5th Army, and the division was reorganized as a motorised infantry division of about 9000 men due to the June 1938 reorganization of Divisions.

## Organization (October 1938)

200th Division (Major-General Dai Anlan)
* 598th Regiment
* 599th Regiment
* 600th Regiment
It was next sent as reinforcement to the first Battle of Changsha but was never engaged. The armoured and artillery Regiments were placed under direct command of 5th Army and the 200th Division became a motorized Infantry Division within the same Army with the 1st Honor Division. The 200th Division participated with 5th Corps against the Japanese invasion of Guangxi, in the defense of Nanning, and in the devastating victory against the Japanese in the Battle of Kunlun Pass, wiping out an entire Japanese brigade. It suffered heavy losses after the battle at Kunlun Pass in an offensive against Batang, losing nearly two-thirds of its strength.
Rebuilt and reorganized, the division participated in the Battle of Yunnan-Burma Road in early 1942 and in the Burma campaign. The 200th Division distinguished itself in fighting in the Battle of Toungoo and the Battle of Hopong - Taunggyi but suffered a disastrous defeat in the Battle of Hsipaw-Mogok Highway near the end of the campaign as it was attempting to retreat to China. Its commanding officer, Dai Anlan, died of wounds suffered in that battle while being carried by the remnants of his force as it made its way back to China.

## Sources

* Elite Troops of the National Revolutionary Army, the 200th Division
# Kiyoshi Kimura

Kiyoshi Kimura (Japanese: 木村 清, romanized: Kimura Kiyoshi; born 19 April 1952) is known as the "Tuna King" of Japan. Kimura is the head of Kiyomura Corporation which runs the Sushi Zanmai chain of restaurants. In January 2019, Kimura paid a record 333.6 million yen for a 278 kg (613 lb) blue fin tuna and has been the highest bidder at the Japanese new year tuna auction in eight out of the past nine years. The fish normally sells for $88/kilogram.