OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Krasnoyarsk Reservoir

Krasnoyarsk Reservoir, known also as the Krasnoyarsk Sea, is an artificial lake which was created by the construction of the Krasnoyarsk Dam. It is one of the largest artificial reservoirs in the world. In Russia, it now ranks second (after the Bratsk Reservoir).
The top point of the reservoir is located near the town of Abakan, at the confluence of the Yenisei river Abakan. Lower spot - Krasnoyarsk hydroelectric power station dam. The distance from the top point to the Krasnoyarsk hydroelectric power station on the line - about 250 kilometers, but the total length of the reservoir is much more - 388 kilometers. Width at widest points is 15 kilometers. Height of the water's edge - 243 meters above sea level.
In the reservoir flow some pretty major rivers, including the right bank - Tuba, Sisim, Syda, on the left - Biryusa. At the confluence of the rivers flow directly into the previously Yenisei, creating reservoirs formed bays. The most significant of them - Tubin, Syda, Karasug, Sisim, Durbin, Biryusinsk.
The largest settlements located on the shore of the reservoir are regional centers Abakan, Krasnoturansk (located on the Bay Syda) and Novoselovo. Bridges over the reservoir absent nearest bridge across the Yenisei located a few kilometers above and below the reservoir. However, through the reservoir ferry connections, particularly from the villages and Novoselovo Bellyk. Until the early 1990s, there was a passenger-carrying hydrofoil in the reservoir.
When creating the reservoir, the location of one of the first Russian settlements in Siberia was flooded. It had been populated by Khakassky tribes - Abakan fort (near modern Krasnoturansk).
# Trofim Lomakin

Trofim Fyodorovich Lomakin (Russian: Трофим Фёдорович Ломакин, 2 August 1924 – 13 June 1973) was a Russian weightlifter who competed for the Soviet Union. He won a gold medal at the 1952 Summer Olympics and a silver medal at the 1960 Summer Olympics. He also won two world titles (1957 and 1958) and set five official and five unofficial world records (1953–1960), two in the press, five in the clean and jerk, and three in the total.

## Life

Lomakin was born to a miner in a remote village in Siberia and started training in weightlifting aged 18, while serving in the Soviet Army in the Far East. In 1949 he moved to Leningrad and in 1952 won his first national and European titles and an Olympic gold medal. Despite his successes in the 1950s, he developed alcoholism and for this reason was excluded from the 1956 Olympic team and later dishonorably discharged from the Soviet Army. After retiring from competitions in 1960 he could not keep any job and got involved with criminals. In the late 1960s he was arrested while trying to smuggle gold out of the Soviet Union and convicted to five years in prison. He was released after three years, but soon after that fell from a 20-meter height and died. He was heavily drunk, and it was unclear whether this was an accident or a murder.
# Journal of Lightwave Technology

The Journal of Lightwave Technology is a biweekly peer-reviewed scientific journal covering optical guided-wave science, technology, and engineering. It is published jointly by the Optical Society and the IEEE Photonics Society. It was established in 1983 and the editor-in-chief is Gabriella Bosco (Politecnico di Torino). According to the Journal Citation Reports, the journal has a 2023 impact factor of 4.1.
# Ashley Compton-Dando

Ashley Compton-Dando (born 23 August 1951) is a British former professional tennis player.
Compton-Dando, a native of Essex, is the son of an antiques dealer. Deaf since birth, he played with the aide of an earphone connected to a short-wave radio, which was strapped to his side. He received coaching from Lew Hoad at a tennis school in Berkhamsted. In 1973 he partnered Phil Siviter in the doubles main draw at Wimbledon.
# Connie Mofokeng

Connie Mofokeng (born 1959) is a Black South African woman who was an anti-apartheid activist. Mofokeng was a member of the Soweto Student Representative Council at the time of the Soweto uprising, and she was arrested along with over a hundred others Mofokeng was a founding member and secretary of the Vaal Organisation of Women. In 1984, Mofokeng again marched against apartheid, and was again arrested and imprisoned. Later, she escaped and subsequently lived in exile.

## Early life

Mofokeng was born in Johannesburg.

## Education

After her three month imprisonment for the Soweto uprising, Mofokeng was expelled from her school. She arranged so that she could still take classes.

## Torture

Mofokeng was tortured while imprisoned in an attempt to get information about the Soweto uprising. She was punched and kicked, and the soldiers used electrical torture against her. Her 1984 arrest resulted in her again getting tortured and underfed, this time until she fell unconscious. Mofokeng escaped while en route to the hospital and fled into exile. Once she was able to see a doctor, who determined that she had been given poison that was damaging her intestines. She underwent surgery, and the damages were repaired. She never revealed information. Mofokeng lost hearing in her right ear from the beatings.
# Salinelles

Salinelles (French pronunciation:; Occitan: Salinèla) is a commune in the Gard department in southern France.
# Guillaume Garot

Guillaume Garot (French pronunciation:; born 29 May 1966) is a French politician of the Socialist Party (PS) who has served as a member of the National Assembly from 2007 until 2012 and since 2014, representing the Mayenne department. From 2012 until 2014, he was Junior Minister for the Food Industry under minister Stéphane Le Foll in the government of Prime Minister Jean-Marc Ayrault.

## Political career

Garot became a member of the National Assembly in the 2007 French legislative election. During his first term in parliament, he served on the Committee on Economic Affairs (2007-2009) and the Defence Committee (2009-2012) before his appointment to the government. In addition to his activities in national politics, he was the mayor of Laval from 2008 until 2012.
At the Socialist Party's Reims Congress in 2008, Garot supported Ségolène Royal's candidacy as party leader; she eventually lost against Martine Aubry. From 2011, he also worked as spokesperson for Royal's campaign to become the party's candidate for the 2012 French presidential election.
While in government, Garot oversaw the French government's response to the 2013 horse meat scandal.
After leaving government in 2014, Garot was part of the Finance Committee (2014-2015) and the Committee on Legal Affairs (2014-2017). Since 2017, he has been serving on the Committee on Sustainable Development and Regional Planning. In 2015, he was the parliament's rapporteur on legislation obliging supermarkets to hand over unused food to charity and not destroy leftover products.
In addition to his committee assignments, Garot is part of the French-Japanese Parliamentary Friendship Group and the French-Tunisian Parliamentary Friendship Group.

## Other activities

* National Council on Food (CNA), Chairman (2016-2019)

## Political positions

In July 2019, Garot voted against the French ratification of the European Union’s Comprehensive Economic and Trade Agreement (CETA) with Canada.
In 2023, Garot publicly endorsed the re-election of the Socialist Party's chairman Olivier Faure.
# Kingsbridge Private Hospital

Kingsbridge Private Hospital is a private hospital on the Lisburn Road, Belfast, Northern Ireland. It is owned by Kingsbridge Healthcare Group, the largest provider of private healthcare in Northern Ireland.

## History

The hospital was established on the Lisburn Road in a building previously used by two failed private clinics in 2011.
It initially concentrated on maternity services. It was used until 2014 to reduce HSC (the equivalent of the NHS within Northern Ireland) waiting lists for routine surgery. In September 2015 the Northern Ireland Health and Social Care Board admitted that waiting lists for surgery had grown and that they did not have the money to pay either NHS providers or the private sector to bring them down. According to Mark Regan, the Chief Executive, this had led to an increase in patients paying for surgery privately, particularly for orthopaedic procedures. Unlike most private hospitals in the UK it provides a minor injury clinic.
It runs the National Sports Clinic, which provides health services for 90,000 Gaelic Athletic Association (GAA) members in Ulster.
A new MRI scanner, Philips Ingenuity 1.5, was installed in August 2015. The hospital charges £400 for a private scan.
The hospital provides primary care services, such as the Meningitis B vaccination which is not provided by the NHS for older children in the province.
The hospital reported a 66% increase in plastic surgery for breast augmentation between 2013 and 2015, the most common plastic surgery they performed.
In 2022 a new Operating Theatre and Intensive Care Unit was opened on the site.
# Flip Kowlier

Flip Kowlier (pseudonym of Filip Willy Mariette Cauwelier, born 15 March 1976 in Izegem, West Flanders) is a Belgian singer, songwriter and rapper. He sings in a distinct West Flemish dialect. He is an MC with the hip hop group, 't Hof van Commerce. And in his solo work he sings and plays guitar, with Karel De Backer and Joost Van den Broeck on drums, Peter Lesage on keyboards and Pieter Van Buyten on bass guitar.

## Discography
### Albums
#### Studio albums

| Year | Album | Peak positions |
| Year | Album | BEL (FL) |
| 2001 | Ocharme ik | 18 |
| 2004 | In de fik | 2 |
| 2007 | De Man van 31 | 2 |
| 2010 | Otoradio | 2 |
| 2013 | Cirque | 9 |
| 2022 | September | 11 |

#### Compilation albums

| Year | Album | Peak positions |
| Year | Album | BEL (FL) |
| 2001 | 10 Jaar Flip Kowlier | 50 |

### Singles

| Year | Album | Peak positions | Peak positions |
| Year | Album | BEL (FL) Ultratop 50 | BEL (FL) Ultratip* |
| 2005 | "Als de zomer weer voorbij zal zijn" | – | 12 |
| 2006 | "What's This?" | 5 | – |
| 2007 | "De grotste lul van 't stad" | 20 | – |
| 2007 | "Donderdagnacht" | 28 | – |
| 2008 | "Niemand" | – | 23 |
| 2008 | "El mundo kapotio" | – | 17 |
| 2010 | "Mo ba nin" | 30 | – |
| 2010 | "Zwembad" | – | 4 |
| 2011 | "Mama (No wo homme hon?)" | – | 28 |
| 2011 | "Geboren voe te leven" | – | 3 |
| 2013 | "Directeur" | 41 | – |
| 2014 | "Detox Danny" | – | 28 |
| 2021 | "September" | 33 | – |
*Did not appear in the official Belgian Ultratop 50 charts, but rather in the bubbling under Ultratip charts.
# Theatres Act 1968

The Theatres Act 1968 (c. 54) abolished stage censorship in the United Kingdom, receiving royal assent on 26 July 1968, after passing both Houses of Parliament.
Since 1737, scripts had been licensed for performance by the Lord Chamberlain's Office (under the Theatres Act 1843, a continuation of the Licensing Act 1737) a measure initially introduced to protect Robert Walpole's administration from political satire. By the late 19th century the Lord Chamberlain's Office had become the arbiter of moral taste on the stage, and the "Angry Young Men" of the 1950s were in some ways a reaction against the banality of the morally conservative and formally restricted period of theatre that had preceded them.
Theatre critic Kenneth Tynan, whilst working with Laurence Olivier as literary manager and Dramaturg of the National Theatre Company had been campaigning for liberalisation for many years. A prosecution had succeeded in 1966 against those responsible for producing Edward Bond's play Saved at the Royal Court and John Osborne's play A Patriot for Me, cut by the censor, was put on at the Royal Court with the theatre turning itself into a private members' club. The strong response to these causes célèbres helped lead to the abolition of theatre censorship in Great Britain.
# Lannes, Lot-et-Garonne

Lannes (French pronunciation:; Occitan: Lanas) is a commune in the Lot-et-Garonne department in south-western France.

## Geography

The Auzoue forms part of the commune's southwestern border. The Osse forms the commune's eastern border.
# Ministry of Machine Tool and Tool Building Industry

The Ministry of Machine Tool Building (Minstankoprom; Russian: Министерство станкостроения СССР) was a government ministry in the Soviet Union.
The People's Commissariat of Machine Tool Building, later the Ministry of Machine-Tool Building, developed from the People's Commissariat of Heavy Machine Building.
The statute of the People's Commissariat of Heavy Machine Building was confirmed on 23 April 1939. Among the main administrations organized under it was the Main Administration of Machine Tool Building Industry, which developed into a people's commissariat in 1941.

## List of ministers

Source:
* Aleksandr Yefremov (5.6.1941 - 8.3.1949)
* Anatoli Kostousov (8.3.1949 - 10.5.1957; 2.10.1965 - 1.12.1980)
* Ivan Silayev (1.12.1980 - 21.2.1981)
* Boris Balmont (21.2.1981 - 14.7.1986)
* Nikolai Panichev (14.7.1986 - 24.8.1991)
# Bungakukai

Bungakukai (文學界, "Literary World") is a Japanese monthly literary magazine published by Bungeishunjū as a junbungaku (純文学, lit. "pure literature") oriented publication.

## History and profile

The first version of Bungakukai was published from 1893 to 1898. The founders were the first generation romantic authors in the country. The magazine featured articles on romanticism, modernism and idealism. The magazine's second version started in October 1933. Bungeishunjū has owned the magazine since then.
The headquarters of Bungakukai is in Tokyo. Along with Shinchō, Gunzo, Bungei and Subaru [ja; fr; de; ru], it is one of the five leading literary journals in Japan. It runs a contest for newcomer writers Bungakukai Shinjinshō (Japanese: 文學界新人賞, Newcomer Award of Literary World).
# Jacques Bialski

Jacques Bialski (3 October 1929 – 10 June 2013) was a French politician, who was a member of the Senate for Nord (1979–1997).
# Mali Ban

Mali Ban (pronounced, German: Kleinban) is a small settlement in the foothills of the Gorjanci Mountains in the Municipality of Šentjernej in southeastern Slovenia. The area is part of the traditional region of Lower Carniola. It is now included in the Southeast Slovenia Statistical Region.
# Sopranal

Sopranal is a Belgian singer from the region of Charleroi. The nickname "Sopranal" is a portmanteau including Soprano, a French rapper, and the word "anal".
His particularity is to sing in Walloon with foul language, combined with humor and self-mockery. His songs and his character must be taken as a second degree joke. Sopranal became known through his rap video Leffe-Leffe in which he states his fanaticism for the Belgian beer Leffe, which also became the symbol of the singer, since he holds a bottle in each clip.

## Singles

* 2007 : Leffe-Leffe (feat. Lucien El Rapia)
* 2008 : Bière de Rue (feat. Lucien El Rapia)
* 2008 : Everyday J'Kette Josselyne
* 2009 : Boyard Nation (feat. Lucien El Rapia)
* 2009 : Pia d'mes couilles
* 2010 : Cette Trouille
* 2011 : Guindaille
* 2012 : Wallifornie Love (feat. Lucien El Rapia)
* 2013 : Rasta Boyard Man

## Album

* 2011: Wallifornie Love
# Grafenhausen

Grafenhausen is a town in the district of Waldshut in Baden-Württemberg in Germany.
# Tavolzhansky

Tavolzhansky (Russian: Таволжанский) is a rural locality (a khutor) in Staroanninskoye Rural Settlement, Novoanninsky District, Volgograd Oblast, Russia. The population was 162 as of 2010. There are 4 streets.

## Geography

Tavolzhansky is located in forest steppe on the bank of the Buzuluk River, 29 km southwest of Novoanninsky (the district's administrative centre) by road. Durnovsky is the nearest rural locality.
# Polyachkovo

Polyachkovo (Russian: Полячково) is a rural locality (Russian: деревня, lit. 'village') in Ivanchikovsky Selsoviet Rural Settlement, Lgovsky District, Kursk Oblast, Russia. Population: 227 (2010 Census); 285 (2002 Census);

## Geography

The village is located on the Prutishche River in the basin of the Seym, 62 km from the Russia–Ukraine border, 56 km north-west of Kursk, 9 km north-east of the district center – the town Lgov, 1.5 km from the selsoviet center – Ivanchikovo.

### Climate

Polyachkovo has a warm-summer humid continental climate (Dfb in the Köppen climate classification).

## Transport

Polyachkovo is located 16 km from the road of regional importance 38K-017 (Kursk – Lgov – Rylsk – border with Ukraine) as part of the European route E38, 6 km from the road 38K-023 (Lgov – Konyshyovka), 13 km from the road of intermunicipal significance 38H-362 (38K-017 – Nikolayevka – Shirkovo), on the roads 38H-437 (38K-023 – Olshanka – Marmyzhi – 38N-362) and 38H-435 (38N-437 – Polyachkovo), 4.5 km from the nearest railway halt 565 km (railway line Navlya – Lgov-Kiyevsky).
The rural locality is situated 63 km from Kursk Vostochny Airport, 150 km from Belgorod International Airport and 266 km from Voronezh Peter the Great Airport.
# Peter (curopalates)

Petrus (Greek: Πέτρος, Petros, also known as Peter in English (c. 545 in Arabissus, Cappadocia – 27 November 602 in Constantinople or Chalcedon) was a brother of the Byzantine Emperor Maurice (r. 582 - 602).

## Background

Petrus was a son of Paul, head of the Byzantine Senate and a sibling to Maurice, Byzantine emperor; Gordia, the wife of Philippicus; and Theoctista. He had a son named Domitian, who became bishop of Melitene.

## Military career

Raised to the rank of curopalates, he was an important general in the Byzantine army. Together with Priscus and Comentiolus, he was one of the three commanders-in-chief during Maurice's Balkan campaigns.
Though less able than Priscus, he succeeded the latter as leader of the Roman forces in Moesia in 594, being more loyal to the emperor, his own brother. The reason for this replacement was Priscus' refusal to obey the emperor's orders to spend the winter on the northern Danube bank in 593 and to carry on fighting the Slavs.
Petrus defeated the Slavs in 594 near Marcianopolis and maintained the Danube between Novae and the Danube Delta. Later on, he crossed the Danube and fought his way to the Helibacia river, defeating numerous Slavic tribes in the course. 601, he crossed the Danube into Avar homeland and defeated them in several battles.
When in 602, his brother ordered his troops to spend the winter on the northern bank of the Danube, Petrus made no attempt to disobey this order, as opposed to Priscus in 593. Mutiny was the result. Although Petrus attempted to calm down his troops in vain, they marched to Constantinople and overthrew Maurice. Petrus was subsequently murdered.
Although Theophylact Simocatta portrayed Petrus as unable, relying on Priscus as only surviving witness, Petrus' expertise was sophisticated enough to put him forward as a candidate for the authorship of the Strategikon of Maurice.
# International Stele Always Remember

The International Stele Always Remember (German: Gegen das Vergessen) is an outdoor HIV/AIDS memorial in Berlin, Germany.
# Salamanca Island Road Park

The Salamanca Island Road Park (Spanish: Vía Parque Isla de Salamanca) is a national park located in the Caribbean Region of Colombia, on the western outskirts of the city of Ciénaga in the Magdalena Department. The flora and fauna is in abundance because of the confluence of sweet water flowing from the Magdalena River and saline water of the Caribbean Sea. It was created in 1964 to protect the abundant bird life and coastal mangroves.
Vía Parque is included in the Spanish name (English: Park Road) because of the road that runs through it, connecting Santa Marta with Barranquilla. In 2000 the park was designated a Biosphere reserve by UNESCO.

## Climate

The climate is arid and dry and the temperature averages between 28 and 30 °C. The average yearly rainfall is 400 mm in the eastern part of the area, and 760 mm in the western part. The volume of water lost through evaporation and plant transpiration is greater than rainfall, leading to a water deficit.

## Flora and fauna

Mangrove forests, tropical dry forests and riparian forest cover most of the area. The mangroves cover a third of the area (12,000 hectares) and the three predominant species are: red mangrove, black mangrove, white mangrove and buttonwood.
The park has an abundant variety of wildlife, many of them endangered. The existence of 33 species of mammals indicates a maintained high diversity, despite the environmental problems affecting the ecosystem. The park is home to 98 species of invertebrates, nine species of amphibians, 35 species of reptiles, more than 140 fish species and 199 birds, many of which are migratory, endemic and residents.

## Footnotes

* 1 2 "Tala, quemas e invasiones amenazan el Parque Natural Isla de Salamanca en Magdalena" (in Spanish). El Tiempo. Retrieved 10 July 2010.
* ↑ Pollard 2000, p. 185
* 1 2 3 Villegas & Sesana 2007, p. 70
* ↑ "Vía Parque Isla de Salamanca" (in Spanish). Parques Nacionales Naturales de Colombia. Archived from the original on 22 July 2011. Retrieved 10 July 2010.
* 1 2 "Naturaleza y Ciencia Vía Parque Isla de Salamanca" (in Spanish). Parques Nacionales Naturales de Colombia. Archived from the original on 22 July 2011. Retrieved 10 July 2010.
* ↑ Villegas & Sesana 2007, p. 73
# Mannar, Sri Lanka

Mannar (Tamil: மன்னார், romanized: Maṉṉār, Sinhala: මන්නාරම, romanized: Mannārama, formerly spelled Manar) is the main town of Mannar District, Northern Province, Sri Lanka. It is governed by an Urban Council. The town is located on Mannar Island overlooking the Gulf of Mannar and is home to the historic Ketheeswaram temple. In the Tamil language, Mannar means the raised place [of sand] which is thought to have come from the geology of Mannar Island which was formed by the accumulation of sand.

## History

Formerly the town was renowned as a centre of pearl fishing, mentioned in the 2nd-century CE Periplus of the Erythraean Sea.
Mannar is known for its baobab trees and for its fort, built by the Portuguese in 1560 and taken by the Dutch in 1658 and rebuilt; its ramparts and bastions are intact, though the interior is largely destroyed.
Visually, the modern town is dominated by its churches, Hindu temples and mosques. The Catholic Church has a diocese headquartered in the town. By rail the town is connected to the rest of Sri Lanka by the Mannar Line. It was under the control of LTTE during Sri Lankan Civil War between 1983 and 2009.

## Climate

Mannar has a tropical savanna climate (Köppen: As) with warm to hot temperatures and a modest amount of rainfall. Mannar experiences a distinct wet season from October to December, and the rest of the year is fairly dry.
Climate data for Mannar (1991–2020) :
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 30.4 (86.7) | 32.4 (90.3) | 34.2 (93.6) | 35.4 (95.7) | 33.8 (92.8) | 33.1 (91.6) | 32.2 (90.0) | 32.2 (90.0) | 32.1 (89.8) | 32.0 (89.6) | 31.1 (88.0) | 30.3 (86.5) | 35.4 (95.7) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 29.4 (84.9) | 30.8 (87.4) | 32.6 (90.7) | 33.1 (91.6) | 32.3 (90.1) | 31.5 (88.7) | 31.1 (88.0) | 31.0 (87.8) | 31.0 (87.8) | 31.0 (87.8) | 29.8 (85.6) | 29.1 (84.4) | 31.1 (88.0) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 26.0 (78.8) | 26.6 (79.9) | 28.3 (82.9) | 28.8 (83.8) | 29.4 (84.9) | 29.0 (84.2) | 28.8 (83.8) | 28.3 (82.9) | 28.4 (83.1) | 27.8 (82.0) | 27.1 (80.8) | 26.4 (79.5) | 27.9 (82.2) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 23.9 (75.0) | 23.9 (75.0) | 24.7 (76.5) | 25.8 (78.4) | 27.4 (81.3) | 27.4 (81.3) | 26.6 (79.9) | 26.4 (79.5) | 26.3 (79.3) | 25.5 (77.9) | 24.7 (76.5) | 24.2 (75.6) | 25.6 (78.1) |
| Record low °C (°F) | 17.5 (63.5) | 16.2 (61.2) | 20.1 (68.2) | 17.0 (62.6) | 18.9 (66.0) | 20.0 (68.0) | 19.6 (67.3) | 19.2 (66.6) | 17.5 (63.5) | 15.5 (59.9) | 16.0 (60.8) | 16.5 (61.7) | 15.5 (59.9) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 54.1 (2.13) | 28.3 (1.11) | 34.7 (1.37) | 88.9 (3.50) | 61.2 (2.41) | 5.9 (0.23) | 8.5 (0.33) | 13.1 (0.52) | 52.6 (2.07) | 166.1 (6.54) | 257.1 (10.12) | 176.9 (6.96) | 947.4 (37.30) |
| Average precipitation days (≥ 1.0 mm) | 4.6 | 3.2 | 3.7 | 6.8 | 4.1 | 1.6 | 1.6 | 1.9 | 3.4 | 9.8 | 13.9 | 10.7 | 65.5 |
| Source: NOAA ||||||||||||||