OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Vanina, Kursk Oblast

Vanina (Russian: Ванина) is a rural locality (Russian: деревня, lit. 'village') in Dolzhenkovsky Selsoviet Rural Settlement, Oktyabrsky District, Kursk Oblast, Russia. Population: 419 (2010 Census); 537 (2002 Census);

## Geography

The village is located on the Bolshaya Kuritsa River (a right tributary of the Seym River), 74 km from the Russia–Ukraine border, 15 km south-west of Kursk, 2.5 km north-west of the district center – the urban-type settlement Pryamitsyno, 5 km from the selsoviet center – Bolshoye Dolzhenkovo.

### Streets

There are the following streets in the locality: Komaryovka, Novaya, Sadovaya, Staraya and Studenaya (245 houses).

### Climate

Vanina has a warm-summer humid continental climate (Dfb in the Köppen climate classification).
Climate data for Vanina :
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | −4.2 (24.4) | −3.2 (26.2) | 2.7 (36.9) | 13 (55) | 19.4 (66.9) | 22.7 (72.9) | 25.3 (77.5) | 24.6 (76.3) | 18.2 (64.8) | 10.5 (50.9) | 3.3 (37.9) | −1.2 (29.8) | 10.9 (51.6) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | −6.2 (20.8) | −5.7 (21.7) | −0.9 (30.4) | 8.2 (46.8) | 14.7 (58.5) | 18.4 (65.1) | 20.9 (69.6) | 20 (68) | 14 (57) | 7.3 (45.1) | 1.1 (34.0) | −3.2 (26.2) | 7.4 (45.3) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −8.7 (16.3) | −8.8 (16.2) | −5 (23) | 2.7 (36.9) | 9.1 (48.4) | 13 (55) | 15.8 (60.4) | 14.9 (58.8) | 9.7 (49.5) | 3.9 (39.0) | −1.2 (29.8) | −5.4 (22.3) | 3.3 (38.0) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 51 (2.0) | 45 (1.8) | 47 (1.9) | 50 (2.0) | 62 (2.4) | 71 (2.8) | 73 (2.9) | 55 (2.2) | 59 (2.3) | 59 (2.3) | 47 (1.9) | 49 (1.9) | 668 (26.4) |
| Source: https://en.climate-data.org/asia/russian-federation/kursk-oblast/ванина-682209/ ||||||||||||||

## Transport

Vanina is located 10 km from the federal route M-2 Crimea Highway (a part of the European route E105), 3 km from the road of regional importance 38K-017 (Kursk – Lgov – Rylsk – border with Ukraine), on the road of intermunicipal significance 38H-073 (Dyakonovo – Starkovo – Sokolovka), on the road 38H-075 (38N-073 – Vanina), 5 km from the nearest railway station Dyakonovo (railway line Lgov I — Kursk).
The rural locality is situated 27 km from Kursk Vostochny Airport, 123 km from Belgorod International Airport and 230 km from Voronezh Peter the Great Airport.
# Kozieniec, Masovian Voivodeship

Kozieniec is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Potworów, within Przysucha County, Masovian Voivodeship, in east-central Poland. It lies approximately 3 kilometres (2 mi) north-west of Potworów, 20 km (12 mi) north of Przysucha, and 79 km (49 mi) south of Warsaw.
# Max Zweininger Building

The Tenement Max Zweininger is a building located in Bydgoszcz at 2 Foch Street, in the corner with Gdańska Street.

## History

The house was built between 1901 and 1902 for Max Zweininger, the owner of a famous hat manufactory in Bromberg, located on the square. The building was designed by local architect Karl Bergner on the site of an earlier building from the first half of the 19th century. On the ground floor were established shops, including hats and furs retailers.
In 1910–1911, Max Zweininger had his own department store built by Fritz Weidner, one of the leading architects in Bydgoszcz. The building still stands today at 4 Theater Square.
During interwar period a confectionery shop took the place of the composition of a cigars maker workshop.
In 1940, a ground floor arcade has been added, designed by Jan Kossowski, who also built the Monument on Freedom Square.

## Architecture

The building has a rich ornamental decoration facade and is a symbolic example of the Art Nouveau style in the city. Bas-reliefs portrays in particular:
* a sleeping figure
* Flower motifs
* Crowned faces
Balconies are associated with ornamented wrought railings.

## Gallery

* View from Jagielloński Street
* Tenement details
* Detail of a balcony
* Tenement Max Zweininger facade detail
* Detail of the sleeping figure
* By Night
# Oxaya Formation

Oxaya Formation (Spanish: Formación Oxaya) is a geological formation in northern Chile made up of ignimbrite sheets. The formation formed about 25 to 19 million years ago in the Late Oligocene and Early Miocene. Oxaya Formation is deformed by the Oxaya anticline.
# Bodrishtë

Bodrishtë (Albanian definite form: Bodrishta; Greek: Βόδριστα, romanized: Vódrista) is a village in Gjirokastër County, southern Albania. At the 2015 local government reform it became part of the municipality of Dropull. It is inhabited solely by Greeks.

## Demographics

In the Ottoman tax register of 1520 for the Sanjak of Avlona, Bodrishtë was attested a village in the timar under the authority of Ali, the son of Kasem and Jusuf, the son of Ali, who owned it jointly. The village had a total of 153 households. The anthroponymy attested belonged overwhelmingly to the Albanian onomastic sphere, characterised by personal names such as Bardh, Deda, Gjin, Laluç, Gurmir, Gjon, Kola, Leka and others. The village also had 1 Muslim household, that of Jusuf, son of Ali. According to Ferit Duka, the lack of names ending with -s implies a lack of Greek names. Moreover, according to Schmitt the onomastic material of the tax registers allows other interpretations; in particular various local names such as (using Duka's Albanian transliteration): Miho Papapetro, Jani Makrinudhi, Andria Makrinudhi, Miho Spathari suggest the presence of a Greek speaking population. Schmitt concluded that an ethnic-national division can not be drawn; Duka's categorization does not provide clear divisions. According to him, the only conclusion that can be drawn from such data is that the settlements of Dropull were populated by Orthodox communities. Schmitt argues that only the ethno-national opposition since the late 19th century divided this community into national communities. According to Doris Kyriazis, Duka's argument is wrong because the absence of the final -s does not show a lack of the Greek element, as this was quite typical in Ottoman records on areas that were undoubtedly Greek-speaking. Another discrepancy, according to Kyriazis, was that Duka ignored the etymology of the local topology and the presence of archaic Greek place names that the Slavs had translated into their own language.
The village had 902 inhabitants in 1993, of which all were ethnically Greeks.
# District court (Norway)

In Norway, the district court (Norwegian: tingrett, literally "thing court") is the first court instance, and handles both criminal and civil cases. The chief judge of a district court is the chief district judge (Norwegian: sorenskriver).
The ruling of the district court may be appealed to the next level of court, the court of appeal, and the court of appeal's ruling may in turn be appealed to the supreme court, but only in select cases of precedential relevance admitted by the supreme court. Thus the vast majority of court cases are decided on by the district court or the court of appeal.
The term tingrett for the district courts was introduced in 2002, replacing the previous terms city court (byrett) and district court (herredsrett). Historically the district courts outside the cities were known as sorenskriveri (office of a sorenskriver), and consisted of a single (chief) district judge and often one or two assistant judges. The district usually included multiple parishes/municipalities, and the district judge was typically the highest state official within his jurisdiction, with an almost all-encompassing area of jurisdiction and an important role in the regional state administration.

## Criminal cases

Since August 1995, all criminal cases which go to court are tried at the district court first. Prior to this, the most serious cases were tried in the Court of appeal (lagmannsrett). Regular trials are usually held before a panel of three judges, one professional and two lay judges. In particularly difficult cases the bench may consist of five judges (two professional and three lay judges). Verdicts and sentences are determined by a majority vote, with the lay judges' votes counting the same as the professional judge. If there is a full confession, and the defendant agrees to it, the trial may be held before a single professional judge who hears the case and determines sentencing.

## Civil cases

The district court is the second tier in most civil cases, the first tier being the conciliation board (forliksråd). Certain cases cannot be held at the conciliation board, including family law, patent and trademark issues, cases against the authorities, and cases where an independent complaints committee has issued an opinion. In addition, larger cases where both sides are representad by attorneys, and other cases where extrajudicial mediation have taken place, may bypass the conciliation board and go straight to the district court. The district court also hears appeals from the conciliation board.
Civil cases are normally held before a single professional judge, but either side can demand two lay judges be seated as well. In some cases the law demands that there be two lay judges with competence in the subject matter.
In 2021, there are 23 district courts in Norway.
# Pernik Peninsula

Pernik Peninsula (Bulgarian: полуостров Перник, romanized: poluostrov Pernik, IPA:) is the ice-covered peninsula projecting 40 km in northwest direction from Loubet Coast on the west side of Antarctic Peninsula. It is bounded by Darbel Bay to the northeast, Lallemand Fjord to the west and Crystal Sound to the northwest, and its northern part is dominated by Protector Heights.
The peninsula is named after the city of Pernik in Western Bulgaria.

## Location

Pernik Peninsula is centred at 66°45′50″S 66°12′00″W﻿ / ﻿66.76389°S 66.20000°W﻿ / -66.76389; -66.20000. British mapping in 1976.

## Maps

* British Antarctic Territory. Scale 1:200000 topographic map. DOS 610 Series, Sheet W 66 66. Directorate of Overseas Surveys, Tolworth, UK, 1976.
* Antarctic Digital Database (ADD). Scale 1:250000 topographic map of Antarctica. Scientific Committee on Antarctic Research (SCAR). Since 1993, regularly upgraded and updated.
# Lancashire and Cheshire Women cricket team

The Lancashire and Cheshire Women's cricket team was the women's representative cricket team for the historic counties of Lancashire and Cheshire. They competed in the Women's Area Championship from 1980 to 1996 and in the Women's County Championship in 1997, after which they were replaced by individual teams representing Lancashire and Cheshire.

## History

Lancashire and Cheshire Women played their first recorded match in 1930, in which they lost to Durham by 16 runs. The side went on to play various one-off matches, against various county and touring sides, before they joined the Women's Area Championship in 1980. Lancashire and Cheshire were one of the weaker sides in the Area Championship, with their best finishes coming in 1985, when they reached the Quarter-Finals, and in 1993, when they finished fifth. In 1997, they played in the inaugural Women's County Championship season, finishing 2nd in Division Two. The following season, however, the team was disbanded and replaced by individual sides representing Lancashire and Cheshire.

## Players
### Notable players

Players who played for Lancashire and Cheshire and played internationally are listed below, in order of first international appearance (noted in brackets):
* Avril Starling (1982)
* Carole Hodges (1982)
* Lesley Cooke (1986)
* Ruth Lupton (1995)
* Laura Newton (1997)
* Sarah Collyer (1998)

## Seasons
### Women's County Championship

| Season | Division | League standings | League standings | League standings | League standings | League standings | League standings | League standings | League standings | Notes |
| Season | Division | P | W | L | T | A/C | BP | Pts | Pos | Notes |
| 1997 | Division 2 | 5 | 3 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 39 | 75 | 2nd | |
# Zidigan

Zidigan (Russian: Зидиган; Bashkir: Етегән, Yetegän) is a rural locality (a village) in Bolshekarkalinksy Selsoviet, Miyakinsky District, Bashkortostan, Russia. The population was 54 as of 2010. There are 2 streets.

## Geography

Zidigan is located 25 km southeast of Kirgiz-Miyaki (the district's administrative centre) by road. Dubrovka is the nearest rural locality.
# Koziminy-Stachowo

Koziminy-Stachowo is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Płońsk, within Płońsk County, Masovian Voivodeship, in east-central Poland. It lies approximately 4 kilometres (2 mi) north-east of Płońsk and 63 km (39 mi) north-west of Warsaw.
# Sarasin's goby

Mugilogobius sarasinorum, Sarasin's goby, is a species of goby endemic to Lake Poso in Sulawesi, Indonesia. This species can reach a length of 8 centimetres (3.1 in) TL. Sarasin's goby is important to local commercial fisheries and the fishing community.

## Etymology

The fish is named in honor of Swiss naturalist-ethnologist Paul Sarasin (1856-1929) and his cousin, naturalist Fritz Sarasin (1859-1942), who collected the type specimens.
# Faraj Alahi

Faraj Alahi (Persian: فرج الهي, also romanized as Faraj Alahī) is a village in Honam Rural District, in the Central District of Selseleh County, Lorestan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 61, in 13 families.
# Ausmultiplikation

Ausmultiplikation (literally, "multiplying-out") is a German term used by the composer, Karlheinz Stockhausen to describe a technique in which a long note is replaced by shorter "melodic configurations, internally animated around central tones", resembling the ornamental technique of divisions (also called "diminutions") in Renaissance music. Stockhausen first described this technique in connection with his "opus 1", Kontra-Punkte, composed in 1952–53, but in his later formula composition there is a related method of substituting a complete or partial formula for a single tone that is very long in a much slower, "more background" projection of the formula. When this is done at more than one level, the result is reminiscent of a fractal.
# Bogdan Sirotanović

Bogdan Sirotanović (5 November 1915 – 28 April 1998) was a Croatian rower. He competed in the men's eight event at the 1948 Summer Olympics.
# Agder Court of Appeal

The Agder Court of Appeal (Norwegian: Agder lagmannsrett) is one of six courts of appeal in the Kingdom of Norway. The Court is located in the town of Skien. The court has jurisdiction over the counties of Vestfold og Telemark and Agder (except for Sirdal Municipality which falls under the Gulating Court of Appeal). These areas constitute the Agder judicial district (Norwegian: Agder lagdømme). This court can rule on both civil and criminal cases that are appealed from one of its subordinate district courts. Court decisions can be, to a limited extent, appealed to the Supreme Court of Norway. The court has 21 judges and 13 administrative staff, including a director. The chief judicial officer of the court (Norwegian: førstelagmann) is currently Dag Bugge Norden. The court is administered by the Norwegian National Courts Administration.

## Location

The Court has its seat in the town of Skien. Additionally, the Court permanently sits in the towns of Tønsberg, Kristiansand, and Arendal. The Court may also sit in other places within its jurisdiction as needed.

## Jurisdiction

This court accepts appeals from all of the district courts from its geographic jurisdiction. This court is divided into judicial regions (Norwegian: lagsogn) and there is one or more district courts (Norwegian: tingrett) that belongs to each of these regions.
| Judicial Regions (lagsogner) | District courts (tingretter) |
| Agder | Agder District Court |
| Telemark | Telemark District Court |
| Vestfold | Vestfold District Court |

## History

This court was created in on 1 July 1936 when the old Borgarting og Agder Court of Appeal was split into two: Borgarting Court of Appeal in the north and the present Agder Court of Appeal in the south.
# Chepi

Chepi is a ghost or fairy in the mythology of the Narragansett tribe of Native Americans from the Narragansett Bay region of Rhode Island, Connecticut, and eastern Massachusetts. Chepi is a spirit of the dead who shared knowledge with medicine people in dreams or visions. Chepi could be called upon by the "pawwaw" or medicine person, to destroy an enemy as an avenging entity.
# Digraičiai

Digraičiai (formerly Polish: Dygrajcie, Russian: Дыграйце) is a village in Kėdainiai district municipality, in Kaunas County, in central Lithuania. According to the 2011 census, the village had a population of 9 people. It is located 4 kilometres (2.5 mi) from Krakės, nearby the source of the Smilgaitis river. There are a magazin (an old warehouse), an underground water monitoring station, a place of the former manor.
At the beginning of the 20th century there were Digraičiai village and estate.

## Demography

| Year | Pop. | ±% p.a. |
| 1902 | 74 | — |
| 1923 | 66 | −0.54% |
| 1959 | 112 | +1.48% |
| 1970 | 68 | −4.43% |
| Year | Pop. | ±% p.a. |
| 1979 | 50 | −3.36% |
| 1989 | 26 | −6.33% |
| 2001 | 11 | −6.92% |
| 2011 | 9 | −1.99% |
Source: 1902, 1923, 1959 & 1970, 1979, 1989, 2001, 2011 :

## Images

* Digraičiai by the Krakės-Betygala road
* A cross for the former Digraičiai manor
# The truth sent from above

"The truth sent from above" is an English folk carol of unknown authorship usually performed at Christmas. Collected in the early part of the 20th century by English folk song collectors in Shropshire and Herefordshire, a number of variations on the tune exist, but the text remains broadly similar. The first line of the carol is "This is the truth sent from above".
Cecil Sharp collected an eight stanza version of the carol from a Mr. Seth Vandrell and Mr. Samuel Bradley of Donninglon Wood in Shropshire, although Sharp notes that a longer version existed in a locally printed carol book.
Ralph Vaughan Williams obtained a different, Dorian mode version of the carol at King's Pyon, Herefordshire in July 1909 with help from Ella Mary Leather, the Herefordshire folklorist who had first collected it from the local oral tradition. This version, which contains only four stanzas, is therefore sometimes referred to as the Herefordshire Carol. Vaughan Williams first published the melody in the Folk-Song Society Journal in 1909 (where it is credited as being sung by a Mr W. Jenkins of King's Pyon).
Vaughan Williams later used the carol to open his Fantasia on Christmas Carols of 1912. Gerald Finzi, with permission from Vaughan Williams and Mrs Leather, also used the melody as the basis of his 1925 choral work The Brightness of This Day, substituting the text for a poem by George Herbert.
# Madame Khánh

Nguyễn Lê Trần (née Phạm), also known as Madame Khánh, is the widow of Nguyễn Khánh, a former South Vietnamese army general and politician who served as Prime Minister and Chief of State of South Vietnam from 1964 to 1965. As the spouse of the Chief of State of South Vietnam, she visited hospitals to give moral support to wounded soldiers and also accompanied her husband on numerous engagements at state affairs.

## Departure from South Vietnam

On 25 February 1965, she accompanied her husband on his new assignment as Ambassador-at-Large and were sent on a world tour, starting with her husband's report at the United Nations in New York City. In 1968, when her mother was ill, she requested to return to South Vietnam but was reportedly denied entry by the South Vietnamese government.

## Exile

Since leaving South Vietnam in February 1965, she has lived in the United States and when her husband completed his report to the United Nations they moved to Paris. In 1977, she moved to the United States with her husband and four of their children.
In 1991, she accompanied her husband on an official visit to the Special Economic Zones of the People's Republic of China.

## Family

She had seven children (six with her late husband); one of whom died in a swimming pool accident in South Vietnam, in 1963.
# Formula composition

Formula composition is a serially derived technique encountered principally in the music of Karlheinz Stockhausen, involving the projection, expansion, and Ausmultiplikation of either a single melody-formula, or a two- or three-voice contrapuntal construction (sometimes stated at the outset).
In contrast to serial music, where the structuring features are more or less abstract and remain largely inaccessible to the listener's ear, in formula composition the musical specifications of pitch, dynamics, duration, timbre, and tempo are always directly evident in the sound, through the use of a concisely articulated melodic tone succession, the formula, which defines the large-scale form as well as all the internal musical details of the composition.

## Stockhausen's music

Though foreshadowed in Stockhausen's once-withdrawn Formel ("Formula") of 1951, the technique made its first appearance in Mantra in 1970, and became the central focus of Stockhausen's music up to 2003. Stockhausen's mammoth opera cycle Licht is based on a three-strand "super-formula".
Hermann Conen identifies two kinds of formula composition in Stockhausen's works prior to Licht:
   formula compositions in which the form results from projection of the formula, ... [and] works in which melodies in themselves possess many internal characteristics of formulas, but where the formal idea itself does not originate from the formula(s) used in their realisation
Works of the first type include Mantra (1970), Inori (1973–74), Jubiläum (1977), and In Freundschaft (1977); works of the second type comprise Alphabet für Liège (1972), the “Laub und Regen” duet from Herbstmusik (1974), Musik im Bauch (1975), Harlekin (1975), Der kleine Harlekin (1975), and Sirius (1975–77). Other works from the 1970s, such as Sternklang (1971), Trans (1971), Ylem (1972), the first three parts of Herbstmusik, Atmen gibt das Leben (1974/76–77), Tierkreis (1974–75), and Amour (1976) do not employ formula technique, according to Conen, though the composer includes Atmen gibt das Leben amongst the works composed using "formula complexes".

## Other composers

Pierre Boulez describes his composition Rituel in memoriam Bruno Maderna (1975) as a "ceremony of memory", based on "numerous repetitions of the same formulas", and it has been seen as an analogue to Stockhausen's formula compositions—especially to Inori, because of the shared ritual character of the two compositions.
York Höller, who studied with Stockhausen in 1971–72, uses a similar method, which he names Klanggestalt (literally, "sound-shape"), and at least one writer has used the expression "formula composition" to describe it. Finbar O'Súilleabháin, however, while accepting there are parallels between the techniques in Höller's opera Der Meister und Margarita (1984–85) and Stockhausen's Licht cycle (1977–2003), concludes that Höller's conception is "perfectly distinct".