OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Tibetan red deer

The Tibetan red deer (Cervus canadensis wallichi) also known as shou, is a subspecies of elk/wapiti native to the southern Tibetan highlands and Bhutan. Once believed to be near-extinct, its population has increased to over 8,300, the majority of which live in a 120,000-hectare nature reserve established in 1993 in Riwoqê County, Qamdo Prefecture, Tibet Autonomous Region, China. Some have been kept at the beginning of the 20th century in London, and in a small zoo south of Lhasa.

## Description

The Tibetan red deer is relatively massive built with short legs and a large, square muzzle. The winter fur is light sandy-brown, except the grayish face. The summer coat is slate-gray. The large, white rump patch, which includes the short tail, has no dark rim as it is seen in the Sichuan deer, for example. Those from the eastern part of the range have a dark dorsal line and represent probably the C. c. affinis type, which is now usually included in the shou.

## Relationships and range

Tibetan red deer, along with Sichuan deer and Kansu red deer, forms the southern group of wapiti. It lives in northern Bhutan and southern Tibet, where it is recorded from the Chumbi Valley close to Sikkim and from Lake Manasarovar. It was believed to be completely extinct until a small population was rediscovered in 1988 in Bhutan and southeastern Tibet. The original range probably covered many smaller valleys of the Brahmaputra River to the north of the Himalaya (Yarlung Tsangpo River). A survey in 1995 brought the exciting finding, that a population of about 200 Tibetan red deer still persists to the north of the Yarlung Tsangpo River close to the village of Zhenqi. As this is the only known viable population of this deer, it is planned to establish a reserve for protection here. Evidence for some other relict populations has been found around the Subansiri River.
They are preyed on by the Himalayan wolf.
# Cavillargues

Cavillargues (French pronunciation:; Occitan: Cavilhargas) is a commune in the Gard department in southern France.

## Geography
### Climate

Cavillargues has a hot-summer Mediterranean climate (Köppen climate classification Csa). The average annual temperature in Cavillargues is 14.1 °C (57.4 °F). The average annual rainfall is 845.8 mm (33.30 in) with November as the wettest month. The temperatures are highest on average in August, at around 23.4 °C (74.1 °F), and lowest in January, at around 5.8 °C (42.4 °F). The highest temperature ever recorded in Cavillargues was 41.5 °C (106.7 °F) on 28 June 2019; the coldest temperature ever recorded was −15.0 °C (5.0 °F) on 5 January 1971.
Climate data for Cavillargues (1991−2020 normals, extremes 1961−present) :
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 21.6 (70.9) | 24.2 (75.6) | 28.0 (82.4) | 30.5 (86.9) | 34.2 (93.6) | 41.5 (106.7) | 39.8 (103.6) | 41.0 (105.8) | 36.2 (97.2) | 31.1 (88.0) | 24.0 (75.2) | 21.1 (70.0) | 41.5 (106.7) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 10.3 (50.5) | 11.9 (53.4) | 16.2 (61.2) | 19.2 (66.6) | 23.5 (74.3) | 27.9 (82.2) | 30.8 (87.4) | 30.8 (87.4) | 25.4 (77.7) | 20.1 (68.2) | 14.1 (57.4) | 10.7 (51.3) | 20.1 (68.2) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 5.8 (42.4) | 6.7 (44.1) | 10.1 (50.2) | 12.9 (55.2) | 16.9 (62.4) | 20.9 (69.6) | 23.3 (73.9) | 23.4 (74.1) | 18.9 (66.0) | 14.8 (58.6) | 9.6 (49.3) | 6.4 (43.5) | 14.1 (57.4) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 1.3 (34.3) | 1.4 (34.5) | 4.0 (39.2) | 6.6 (43.9) | 10.3 (50.5) | 13.9 (57.0) | 15.9 (60.6) | 15.9 (60.6) | 12.4 (54.3) | 9.5 (49.1) | 5.0 (41.0) | 2.0 (35.6) | 8.2 (46.8) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −15.0 (5.0) | −14.0 (6.8) | −10.6 (12.9) | −3.6 (25.5) | −0.2 (31.6) | 4.0 (39.2) | 6.2 (43.2) | 5.6 (42.1) | 1.9 (35.4) | −2.5 (27.5) | −8.4 (16.9) | −14.0 (6.8) | −15.0 (5.0) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 74.3 (2.93) | 44.0 (1.73) | 51.7 (2.04) | 73.3 (2.89) | 66.6 (2.62) | 45.2 (1.78) | 38.0 (1.50) | 47.0 (1.85) | 107.0 (4.21) | 119.0 (4.69) | 120.8 (4.76) | 58.9 (2.32) | 845.8 (33.30) |
| Average precipitation days (≥ 1.0 mm) | 6.6 | 5.1 | 4.9 | 7.1 | 6.9 | 5.1 | 3.6 | 4.4 | 5.7 | 7.2 | 8.5 | 6.6 | 71.6 |
| Source: Météo-France ||||||||||||||
# As Salatah al Jadidah

As Salatah al Jadidah (Arabic: اسلطة الجديدة; also referred to as New Salata) is a district in Qatar, located in the municipality of Ad Dawhah.

## History

As Salah Al Jadidah translates to "New Salata" and was named after the Al-Sulaiti tribe. It was founded by inhabitants of Doha's coastal As Salatah district who moved to the west of Doha in 1970s. During that time, the area was uninhabited and undeveloped; located just outside city boundaries. It was built up over the years and connected to Doha's main districts through the C-Ring Road.

## Demographics

As of the 2010 census, the district comprised 2,733 housing units and 363 establishments. There were 15,114 people living in the district, of which 54% were male and 46% were female. Out of the 679 inhabitants, 72% were 20 years of age or older and 28% were under the age of 20. The literacy rate stood at 96.7%.
Employed persons made up 55% of the total population. Females accounted for 36% of the working population, while males accounted for 64% of the working population.

## Sports

New Salata hosts the headquarters of Al Arabi SC and its home venue, the 13,000-capacity Grand Hamad Stadium.
The Qatar Volley Association (QVA) has its headquarters in New Salata.

## Visitor attractions

New Salata Park (formerly known as Al Assiry Park) was established in 1988 and spans an area of 7,313 square meters. It was refurbished in 2004. Situated on Al-Maheem Street, the park is accompanied by various ornamental tree species and offers both a play area and a skating rink for children.

## Transport

Major roads that run through the district are Salwa Road, C Ring Road, D Ring Road, Ali Bin Abi Taleb Street, and Rawdat Al Khail Street.

## Embassies

New Salata hosts the following embassy:
* Indonesian Embassy in Doha
# Michael Choumnos

Michael Choumnos or Chumnus (Greek: Μιχαήλ Χοῦμνος) was a Byzantine jurist and canonist, who was nomophylax, and afterwards Metropolitan of Thessalonica. He lived in the 12th century, and is said to have been the author of various works.
# Pagans and Philosophers

Pagans and Philosophers: The Problem of Paganism from Augustine to Leibniz is a 2015 book by the British philosopher John Marenbon. It is about the treatment of pre-Christian thought among Christian writers and theologians from late antiquity to the early 18th century. The author labels his subject as the "problem of paganism" during the "Long Middle Ages".

## Summary

Pagans and Philosophers covers what John Marenbon calls the "Long Middle Ages", spanning from the 5th to early 18th centuries. Marenbon calls his method "historical synthesis", which is about tracing the handling of a perceived problem from the past, rather than looking for past solutions to a current problem. The book is about how Christians received and treated pre-Christian material, notably that of Aristotle, Cato the Elder and indigenous peoples of the Americas. The Christian material the book looks at includes theological writings, travelogues and poetry. The main areas of discussion were virtue, leading to the conception of the virtuous pagan, knowledge, leading to discussions about the merits of ancient wisdom, and salvation, including the implication that people who lived before the revelation of Jesus or never were reached by Christian teachings must be condemned to Hell. Marenbon coins the term "the problem of paganism" as a collective name for these discussions.
There are three main sections in Pagans and Philosophers. The first is about the emergence of the problem of paganism in late antiquity, with focus on Augustine of Hippo and Boethius. The second part is about the period from the Carolingian Renaissance to the 15th century, covering a disparate body of literature that includes discussions on pagan knowledge and how it relates to knowledge of God, how Christian charity distinguishes Christian and pagan virtue, and conflicting views of whether pagans could be saved. The third section addresses contacts with non-Christian populations outside of the Old World and how the previously developed views continued through Christian humanism and Protestantism.

## Reception

Princeton University Press published Pagans and Philosophers on 22 March 2015. Lionel Wickham reviewed the book in The Journal of Ecclesiastical History, calling it "erudite, informative, stimulating and interesting to read". Alfonso Herreros Besa wrote in Medievalista that the subject gives justification to Marenbon's conception of the Long Middle Ages. He wrote that the breadth of the study makes the book suitable both as a resource for scholars and an introduction to the intellectual history of grace.
# Burj Ran Singh

Burj Ran Singh (Punjabi: ਬੁਰਜ ਰਣ ਸਿੰਘ, Shahmukhi and Urdu: بر ج رن سنگھ), also spelled as Burj Ran Singh Wala, is a village in the Chunian Tehsil of Kasur District in West Punjab (Pakistan). It is named after third Chief of Nakai Misl Sardar Ran Singh Nakai.

## Geography

Burj Ran Singh is located at 30°56′12″N 74°08′14″E﻿ / ﻿30.9367°N 74.1371°E﻿ / 30.9367; 74.1371 in the Chunian Tehsil of Kasur District in Punjab, Pakistan. During British rule it used to fall under Lahore District.

## Personalities

Syed Ali Hussain Naqvi a landlord and a politician also belongs to the village.
Syed Sakhawat Ali Naqvi a landlord and a well known lawyer also belongs to the village.
Jagga Jatt, a heroic rebel of Punjab, belongs to this village. see Jagat Singh Goraya for more references. He is known as the Robin Hood of Punjab. His daughter still alive and lives in 'Vanwala Anu' village of Sri Muktsar Sahib district of East Punjab. She is 90+ now.
# Alpha Crateris

Alpha Crateris (α Crateris, abbreviated Alpha Crt, α Crt), officially named Alkes /ˈælkɛs/, is a star in the constellation of Crater. It is a cool giant star about 43.2 parsecs (141 ly) away.

## Nomenclature

α Crateris (Latinised to Alpha Crateris) is the star's Bayer designation.
It bore the traditional name Alkes, from the Arabic الكاس alkās or الكأس alka's "the cup". In the catalogue of stars in the Calendarium of Al Achsasi al Mouakket, this star was designated Aoul al Batjna (أول ألباطیة awwal al-bāṭiya), which was translated into Latin as Prima Crateris, meaning "first [star] of the Cup". In 2016, the International Astronomical Union organized a Working Group on Star Names (WGSN) to catalogue and standardize proper names for stars. The WGSN approved the name Alkes for this star on 12 September 2016 and it is now so included in the List of IAU-approved Star Names.
In Chinese, 翼宿 (Yì Sù), meaning Wings (asterism), refers to an asterism consisting of Alpha Crateris, Gamma Crateris, Zeta Crateris, Lambda Crateris, Nu Hydrae, Eta Crateris, Delta Crateris, Iota Crateris, Kappa Crateris, Epsilon Crateris, HD 95808, HD 93833, Theta Crateris, HD 102574, HD 100219, Beta Crateris, HD 99922, HD 100307, HD 96819, Chi$^1$ Hydrae, HD 102620 and HD 103462. Consequently, Alpha Crateris itself is known as 翼宿一 (Yì Sù yī, English: the First Star of Wings).

### Namesake

USS Alkes (AK-110) was a United States Navy Crater-class cargo ship named after the star.

## Properties

Alpha Crateris is an orange giant of spectral type K1III. It has an apparent magnitude of 4.07, and is 174 light-years from Earth. It is thought to be a horizontal branch star, meaning it is fusing helium in its core after a helium flash. Cool horizontal branch stars are often called red clump giants as they form a noticeable grouping near the hot edge of the red giant branch in the H–R diagrams of clusters with near-solar metallicity. On this basis it is calculated to have a mass of 1.81 M$_☉$, a luminosity of 66 L$_☉$, and an age around two billion years. Its surface temperature is 4691 K. Or it might be a red-giant branch star, still fusing hydrogen in a shell around an inert helium core, in which case it would be slightly less massive, older, cooler, larger, and more luminous.
# Halim Alizehi

Halim Alizehi (Persian: حليم عليزهي, also Romanized as Ḩalīm ʿAlīzehī; also known as Ḩalīm) is a village in Dust Mohammad Rural District, in the Central District of Hirmand County, Sistan and Baluchestan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 51, in 14 families.
# 90-60-90 Modelos

90-60-90 modelos (90-60-90 Models) is an Argentine 1996 telenovela, produced by Telearte. It was aired on January 8, 1996, on Canal 9 in Argentina. It had two seasons, in 1996 and 1997.
This is the story about beautiful women, who had to choose their own destiny. The main roles are portrayed by, Silvia Kutika, Raúl Taibo, Osvaldo Laport, Coraje Abalos and Natalia Oreiro The last episode included a parade, filmed in the Sheraton Hotel. The last episode was aired on July 4, and the telenovela was replaced by Los herederos del poder.

## Cast

* Andrea Campbell
* Augusto Di Paolo
* Florencia Ortiz
* Raúl Taibo
* Silvia Kutika
* Natalia Oreiro
* Osvaldo Laport
* Coraje Ábalos
* Florencia Bertotti
* Daniel Alhadeff
* Daniel Álvarez
* Mariano Argento
* Patricio Borghetti
* Manuel Callau
* Antonio Caride
* Pablo Cedrón
* Segundo Cernadas
* María Cersosimo
* Francisco Civit
* Hugo Cosiansi
* Paola Della Torre
* Diego Díaz
* María Figueras
* Judith Gabbani
* Jorge García Marino
* Celeste García Satur
* Claudio Giúdice
* Iván González
* Pablo Ini
* Diana Lamas
* Regina Lamm
* Karolina Adams
* Ernesto Larrese
* Héctor Malamud
* María Maristani
* Mausi Martínez
* Marcelo Melingo
* Cecilia Milone
* José María Monje
* Magalí Moro
* Nicole Neumann
* Diego Olivera
* Marcelo Olivero
* Jorge Baldini
* Julian Zucchi
* Aldo Pastur
* Pablo Patlis
* Nicolás Pauls
* Fabián Pizzorno
* Fernando Ranuschio
* Ginette Reynal
* Jazmín Rodríguez
* Sabrina Rojas
* Boris Rubaja
* Jorge Sabate
* Osvaldo Sabatini
* Sabrina Sabrok
* Viviana Sáez
* Adriana Salonia
* Jorge Schubert
* Tina Serrano
* Paula Siero
* Germán Silvestrini
* Fernando Tobi
* César Vianco
* Elvira Vicario
* Deborah Warren
* Vicky Farina
* Roberto Ibánez
* Coni Marino
* Mónica Santibánez
# Aleksei Matyunin

Aleksei Valeryevich Matyunin (Russian: Алексей Валерьевич Матюнин; born 16 March 1982) is a Russian former professional football referee.
He has been a FIFA referee from 2017 to 2021.

## Personal life

His father Valeri Matyunin was a football player and, later, referee as well.
# Bahramabad, Anbarabad

Bahramabad (Persian: بهرام اباد, also Romanized as Bahrāmābād) is a village in Ganjabad Rural District, Esmaili District, Anbarabad County, Kerman Province, Iran. As of the 2006 census, its population was 393 with there being 88 families.
# Isola delle Bisce Lighthouse

Isola delle Bisce Lighthouse (Italian: Faro di Isola delle Bisce) is an active lighthouse located on a small islet, 590 metres (1,940 ft) from Capo Ferro Lighthouse, which make part of the Maddalena archipelago in the Strait of Bonifacio. The lighthouse guides the ships through the narrow Canale delle Bisce; the structure is situated in the municipality of Arzachena on the Tyrrhenian Sea.

## Description

The lighthouse was built in 1935 and consists of a masonry tapered cylindrical tower, 9 metres (30 ft) high, with balcony and lantern. The tower and the lantern are painted white, the balcony in green and the lantern dome in grey metallic. The light is positioned at 11 metres (36 ft) above sea level and emits one green flash in a 3 seconds period visible up to a distance of 8 nautical miles (15 km; 9.2 mi). The lighthouse is completely automated, powered by a solar unit and managed by the Marina Militare with the identification code number 1148 E.F.
# Brje pri Komnu

Brje pri Komnu (pronounced; Italian: Boriano) is a village in the Municipality of Komen in the Littoral region of Slovenia next to the border with Italy.

## Cultural heritage

The village well in Brje pri Komnu is registered as cultural heritage. The wellhead is carved from stone in a bulging shape and stands on a round plinth. It is decorated with a relief depicting Jesus and the Samaritan woman that was carved by Mattia Kozman in 1827. The well is located on the main square in the village.
# Felsőmocsolád

Felsőmocsolád is a village in Somogy county, Hungary.

## Etymology

Its name derives from the world mocsola older version of the Hungarian mocsár (English: marsh). So Felsőmocsolád consists of felső (English: upper), mocsola and -d suffix.
# Karmir Shuka

Karmir Shuka (Armenian: Կարմիր Շուկա) or Girmizi Bazar (Azerbaijani: Qırmızı Bazar) is a village in the Khojavend District of Azerbaijan, in the region of Nagorno-Karabakh. Until 2023 it was controlled by the breakaway Republic of Artsakh. The village had an ethnic Armenian-majority population until the exodus of the Armenian population of Nagorno-Karabakh following the 2023 Azerbaijani offensive in Nagorno-Karabakh.

## Etymology

The name of the village was Krasny Bazar (Russian: Красный Базар) during the Soviet Union, meaning "Red Market" in Russian. The Armenian name, and the Azerbaijani rendering, also mean "Red Market".

## History

During the Soviet period, the village was a part of the Martuni District of the Nagorno-Karabakh Autonomous Oblast.

## Historical heritage sites

Historical heritage sites in and around the village include Tnjri, a 2,000-year-old Oriental Plane, the 12th/13th-century village of Mavas (Armenian: Մավաս), a 12th/13th-century khachkar, a cemetery from between the 17th and 18th centuries, the 17th-century monastic complex of Yerek Mankuk (Armenian: Երեք մանկուք) in Mavas, the church of Surb Astvatsatsin (Armenian: Սուրբ Աստվածածին, lit. 'Holy Mother of God') built in 1731 near the nearby village of Skhtorashen, and the 18th-century St. George's Chapel Church (Armenian: Սուրբ Գևորգ մատուռ-եկեղեցի, romanized: Surb Gevorg Matur-Yekeghetsi).

## Economy and culture

The population is mainly engaged in agriculture and animal husbandry. As of 2015, the village has a municipal building, a house of culture, a secondary school, a kindergarten, eight shops, and a medical centre. The community of Karmir Shuka includes the village of Skhtorashen.

## Demographics

The village had 926 inhabitants in 2005, and 1,113 inhabitants in 2015.

## Gallery

* A sign at the entrance of the village on the north–south highway in Nagorno-Karabakh.
* Tnjri, a 2,000-year-old Oriental Plane between the village and Skhtorashen.
# Agra Taj Colony

Agra Taj Colony (Urdu: آگرہ تاج کالونی, Sindhi: آگرہ تاج ڪالوني ) is a neighbourhood locality in Lyari Town, located in the Karachi South district of Karachi, Pakistan.
# Counterirritant

A counterirritant is a substance which creates irritation or mild inflammation in one location with the goal of lessening discomfort and/or inflammation in another location. This strategy falls into the more general category of counterstimulation.
Topical counter-irritants are non-analgesic, non-anesthetic substances or treatments used to treat pain. Capsaicin, menthol (mint oil), methyl salicylate, and camphor are examples of counterirritants. Heat and cold therapy and massage relieve pain by counterstimulation.
The US Food and Drug Administration defines a counterirritant as "An externally applied substance that causes irritation or mild inflammation of the skin for the purpose of relieving pain in muscles, joints and viscera distal to the site of application. They differ from the anesthetics, analgesics, and antipruritic agents, however, in that the pain relief they produce results from stimulation—rather than depression—of the cutaneous sensory receptors and occurs in structures of the body other than the skin areas to which they are applied as for example, in joints, muscles, tendons and certain viscera. The use of these products dates from antiquity."
# 2019 Italian Basketball Supercup

The 2019 Italian Basketball Supercup (Italian: Supercoppa di pallacanestro 2018), also known as Zurich Connect Supercoppa 2019 for sponsorship reasons, was the 25th edition of the super cup tournament, organized by the Lega Basket Serie A (LBA).
AX Armani Exchange Milano were the defending champions.
Banco di Sardegna Sassari went to win his 2nd Supercup by beating Umana Reyer Venezia 83–80 in the Finals. Curtis Jerrells was named MVP of the competition.
It was played at the PalaFlorio arena in Bari on 21 and 22 September 2019.

## Participant teams

Qualified for the tournament were Vanoli Cremona and New Basket Brindisi, as Italian Cup finalists, Banco di Sardegna Sassari and Umana Reyer Venezia as LBA Playoffs finalist.
| Team | Qualified as | Appearances |
| Vanoli Cremona | Italian Cup champion | 2nd |
| New Basket Brindisi | Italian Cup runner-up | 2nd |
| Banco di Sardegna Sassari | LBA Playoffs runner-up | 4th |
| Umana Reyer Venezia | LBA Playoffs champion | 2nd |

## Bracket

| Semifinals 21 September | Semifinals 21 September | Semifinals 21 September | Final 22 September | Final 22 September | Final 22 September |
| 1 | Umana Reyer Venezia | 78 | | | |
| 4 | New Basket Brindisi | 73 | | | |
| 4 | New Basket Brindisi | 73 | 1 | Umana Reyer Venezia | 80 |
| | | | 2 | Banco di Sardegna Sassari | 83 |
| 2 | Banco di Sardegna Sassari | 101 | 2 | Banco di Sardegna Sassari | 83 |
| 3 | Vanoli Cremona | 94 | | | |

## Sponsors

| Zurich Connect (title sponsor) Panasonic (main sponsor and timekeeper) Fastweb (technology partner) Snaipay (platinum sponsor) IBSA (gold sponsor) | Erreà (technical sponsor) Molten (official ball) Prozis (official nutrition) Airness (official store) Franciacorta (official wine partner) | Viva Ticket (official ticketing provider) Sixtus Italia (official supplier) Wintecare (official supplier) Acqua S.Bernardo (official water) Anthea Risk Management (official broker) | Giorgio Tesi Group (official green partner) Eurosport (official broadcaster) Telenorba (local media partner) Aeroporti di Puglia (official partner) |
Source: LBA Archived 2019-09-06 at the Wayback Machine
# Gedogen

In the context of the law of the Netherlands, the term gedogen (Dutch pronunciation: ; 'toleration', although not literally) refers to not enforcing certain laws. The Dutch government tolerates some offences. Some things like possessing small amounts of cannabis are formally forbidden by law, but the Dutch government abstains from bringing criminal charges against the offenders. Often these policies are brought about by a tension between treaty obligations and domestic politics. See policies on cannabis and euthanasia for more information.
To give an example in layman's terms: a parent may tell their child they cannot have cookies from the cookie jar. The grandparent, regardless of their beliefs, cannot tell the child it is okay to have a cookie as that would result in a conflict with the parent. If the grandparent sees the child taking a cookie anyway, they may choose not to say anything. They may not want to punish or stop the child, but cannot condone the behavior either. The grandparent may act as if nothing had happened to avoid a conflict with both their beliefs and the parent. They tolerate (Dutch "gedoogt") the behavior.
The statutes describe it as "The basis for the 'gedoog' policy is the consideration of interests in which the interest of law enforcement needs to yield to an identifiable greater cause. It is a positive decision not to pursue and prosecute regardless of available law enforcement capacity."
# Güiria Airport

The Juan Manuel Valdez Airport or Güiria Airport (Spanish: Aeropuerto Juan Manuel Valdez), formerly known as Cristóbal Colón Airport, (IATA: GUI, ICAO: SVGI) is an airport serving Güiria, in the state of Sucre in Venezuela.
The Guiria non-directional beacon (Ident: GUI) is located on the field.
# Semjbaataryn Baatarsüren

Semjbaataryn Baatarsüren (Mongolian: Сэмжбаатарын Баатарсүрэн; born 10 November 1975) is a Mongolian international footballer. He made his first appearance for the Mongolia national football team in 2000.