OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Lillian Forrester

Lillian Forrester (née Williamson; born 1879) was a British suffragette who led an attack on the Manchester Art Gallery.

## Life

She was born Lillian Williamson in 1879, and was the second daughter of Arthur Williamson, a commercial clerk, and Elizabeth Hall. In 1901 she was attending Owen's College, which later became Victoria University of Manchester. At one point she said she had a degree in History.
In 1911 Forrester was invited to Eagle House near Bath by Linley and Emily Blathwayt. The Blathwayts invited leading suffragettes to visit their house. They created over 40 memorial trees to celebrate these visits in what was known as 'Annie's Arbour'.
Forrester led an attack on the Manchester Art Gallery on 3 April 1913. She, Evelyn Manesta and Annie Briggs waited until the gallery was closing and then proceeded to break the glass on many of the most valuable paintings. The three attacked the glass of thirteen paintings including two by John Everett Millais and two by George Frederick Watts. Staff were alerted by the sound of broken glass and the three were apprehended. Four of the paintings had been damaged by the broken glass. They were bailed to appear before magistrates the next day.
Briggs persuaded the court that she had been present but had not been involved. Evelyn Manesta was given a sentence of a month and Forrester's sentence was three months for malicious damage.
While she was imprisoned she and Manesta were secretly photographed and pictures of them were circulated with pictures of other militant suffragettes to police and art gallery staff. Manesta's photograph was modified to hide that she was being held around the neck whilst the photograph was taken.

## Paintings involved

* The Last Watch of Hero and Captive Andromache by Lord Frederic Leighton
* The Last of the Garrison by Briton Riviere
* Birnam Woods by John Everett Millais
* The Prayer and Portrait of The Hon J L Motley by George Frederick Watts
* A Flood by John Everett Millais
* When Apples were Golden by John Melhuish Strudwick
* The Shadow of Death by William Holman Hunt
* Astarte Syriaca by Dante Gabriel Rossetti
* Sybilla Delphica by Edward Burne-Jones
* Paola and Francesca by George Frederick Watts
* The Syrinx by Arthur Hacker
# CIÉ 181 Class

The Córas Iompair Éireann 181 Class locomotives were built in 1966 by General Motors Electro-Motive Division (EMD) and numbered B181 to B192.

## Overview

These locomotives were virtually identical to the earlier 141 Class locomotives, but fitted with the more powerful 645 engine and thermostatically controlled engine cooling fan and inlet shutters. Delivery took place in 1966, with introduction into service happening a short time later.
They were fitted with an EMD 8-645E engine of 1100 hp, weighed 67 tonnes (66 long tons; 74 short tons), and had a maximum design speed of 143 km/h (89 mph) which was restricted to 120 km/h (75 mph) in service. Number 186 was later fitted with an EMD 8-567CR engine of 960 hp (720 kW), as used in the 141 Class locomotives.

## Withdraw and preservation

All of the 181 class have been withdrawn, the first being 191 in 1991 after a runaway incident at Clonsilla; it was later scrapped in 1998. The last was 190 in November 2009 and has been preserved by the Irish Traction Group based at the West Clare Railway. In their final days they were only used on permanent way trains or as pilots.

## Accidents and incidents

* On Tuesday 13 August 1974, locomotive B192 was hauling a passenger train when it was involved in a head-on collision with locomotive B176, which was also hauling a passenger train, at Rosslare Strand. Fifteen people were injured.

## Model

Murphy Models of Dublin commissioned Bachmann to produce an OO gauge model of these locomotives. This model first was released in December 2007. It has been supplied in all four main liveries worn by the class.
# Aftab Iqbal Shamim

Aftab Iqbal Shamim (Urdu: آفتاب اقبال شمیم ; born 16 February 1933 in Jhelum, Pakistan) is an Urdu language poet and educator from Pakistan.

## Career

Aftab Iqbal was born in Jhelum, Pakistan in 1933. He served as a professor of English literature and language for 33 years at Government Gordon College, Rawalpindi. He also taught Urdu language and literature to Chinese students at Beijing University for 12 years. His Chinese students have served in various high positions such as ambassadors, cultural secretaries, counsellors and high government officials in China and Pakistan.
He started writing Urdu poetry at a very early stage of his life. His poetry has been published with continuity in reputed literary magazines over the years. He has given a new trend to Urdu poetry. He wrote poetry that was published in literary magazines like Adabi Dunya and Funoon.

## Awards and recognition

* Pride of Performance Award by the President of Pakistan in 2006.

## Selected poems

* Farda Nizhad
* Zaid Se Mukalma (1982)
* Gum Samandar
* Mein Nazm Likhta Houn
# Callimachi family

The House of Callimachi, Calimachi, or Kallimachi (Greek: Καλλιμάχη, Russian: Каллимаки, Turkish: Kalimakizade; originally Calmașul or Călmașu), was a Phanariote family of mixed Moldavian (Romanian) and Greek origins, whose members occupied many important positions in Moldavia, Romania and the Ottoman Empire.

## History

Originating in the boyardom of Orhei County, it gave Moldavia four reigning princes. The family remains present today in modern Romania.

## Notable members
### Agnatic

* Vasile Călmașul, Moldavian landowner
* Teodor Calmășul, Moldavian boyar
* Ioan Teodor Callimachi, Prince of Moldavia (1758–1761)
* Gavriil Callimachi, Orthodox monk, Metropolitan of Moldavia (?–1786)
* Grigore Callimachi, Prince of Moldavia (1761–1764; 1767–1769)
* Alexandru Callimachi, Prince of Moldavia (1795–1799)
* Scarlat Callimachi, Prince of Moldavia (1806; de jure 1807–1810; 1812–1819); Prince of Wallachia (de jure 1821)
* Alexandros Kallimachis, Ottoman diplomat, Governor of Samos (1850–1854)
* Scarlat Callimachi, Romanian communist activist (1896–1975)

### Matrilineal

* Alexandru Papadopol-Calimah, Romanian cabinet minister and scholar
* Rukmini Callimachi, American journalist

### By marriage

* Dida Solomon-Callimachi, Romanian actress and writer
# Provolt, Oregon

Provolt is an unincorporated community in Jackson County, Oregon, United States. It is about 15 miles (24 km) southeast of Grants Pass on Oregon Route 238, near the Applegate River on the county line between Jackson and Josephine counties.
Provolt post office was named for a pioneer family of the area. The Provolt Store was started about 1875 by Samuel Provolt. The post office was established in 1895 in what was then Josephine County; Mary E. Provolt was the first postmaster. The office was discontinued in 1955.
According to author Ralph Friedman, Provolt's entire business district consists of the historic country store. Provolt, however, also has a grange hall one block south of the store.

## Climate

Climate data for Provolt, Oregon :
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Mean daily maximum °F (°C) | 48.6 (9.2) | 53.8 (12.1) | 58.8 (14.9) | 64.8 (18.2) | 72.4 (22.4) | 80.1 (26.7) | 89.3 (31.8) | 88.9 (31.6) | 82.3 (27.9) | 69.5 (20.8) | 54.1 (12.3) | 46.2 (7.9) | 67.4 (19.7) |
| Mean daily minimum °F (°C) | 31.0 (−0.6) | 31.0 (−0.6) | 33.0 (0.6) | 36.1 (2.3) | 40.8 (4.9) | 45.3 (7.4) | 49.7 (9.8) | 48.5 (9.2) | 43.0 (6.1) | 36.7 (2.6) | 33.9 (1.1) | 30.9 (−0.6) | 38.3 (3.5) |
| Average precipitation inches (mm) | 5.29 (134) | 4.03 (102) | 3.65 (93) | 2.13 (54) | 1.35 (34) | 0.73 (19) | 0.26 (6.6) | 0.26 (6.6) | 0.61 (15) | 2.04 (52) | 4.75 (121) | 6.67 (169) | 31.77 (806.2) |
| Average snowfall inches (cm) | 2.4 (6.1) | 2.1 (5.3) | 0.8 (2.0) | 0.1 (0.25) | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.5 (1.3) | 1.6 (4.1) | 7.5 (19.05) |
| Source: NOAA ||||||||||||||
# Choichi Terukina

Choichi Terukina (Japanese: 照喜名朝一, Terukina Chōichi, 15 April 1932 – 10 September 2022) was a Japanese Ryukyuan classical musician and sanshin grandmaster.

## Early life

Terukina was born in Okinawa on 15 April 1932. When he was 6 years old, he started playing the sanshin, an Okinawan three-stringed instrument. At age 25, Terukina started formal sanshin lessons under Haruyuki Miyazato, a sanshin master. Miyazato's lessons relied more on imitating the teacher's music rather than reading off of musical notes, which is an essential part of uta-sanshin, the style of playing that Terukina taught.

## Career

In 1960, Terukina opened his first sanshin dojo, teaching students the Afuso Ryu style of uta-sanshin. He has taught hundreds of students throughout his career as a sanshin grandmaster. In 2000, Terukina was designated as a Living National Treasure of Japan for his mastery of Ryukyuan classical music (koten).
Terukina was the leader of the organization Ryukyu Koten Afuso-ryu Ongaku Kenkyuu Choichi Kai, which has 1,300 members worldwide.
Terukina played at Carnegie Hall in 2019. This was for his 88th lunar birthday, which is a special date in the Okinawan culture known as beiju.

## Personal life and death

Terukina had a son named Tomokuni, who also plays the sanshin. Choichi Terukina died at his home in Naha City on 10 September 2022, at the age of 90.
# Spanish Karate Federation

The Spanish Karate Federation (Spanish: Real Federación Española de Karate (RFEK), is the national body for Karate in Spain. It's the only association authorised to send Spanish Karatekas to the Summer Olympics.
# Buivydžiai

Buivydžiai (Polish: Bujwidze) is a village in Vilnius District Municipality, Lithuania. According to the 2011 census, it had 272 residents. It is located some 17 kilometres (11 mi) east of Nemenčinė and 3 kilometres (1.9 mi) west of the state border with Belarus. The village is situated on the left bank of the Neris River near its confluence with tributary Buivydė.
Early references to the place are dated by 1537. The name is most probably derived from the Lithuanian name Buivydas. The village eventually developed around a manor, acquired by noble Cyprian Brzostowski in the first half of 17th century. Later the manor was reconstructed by architect Laurynas Gucevičius.
A wooden octagonal church, named after Saint George, was built in 1785. The church burned down in 1982; a brick replacement church was completed in 1986.
# Pesteh Beyglu

Pesteh Beyglu (Persian: پسته بيگ لو, also Romanized as Pesteh Beyglū; also known as Pasteh Beyg and Pesteh Beyk) is a village in Owch Hacha Rural District, in the Central District of Ahar County, East Azerbaijan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 208, in 48 families.
# Adrachti

Adrachti (Greek: Αδράχτι) is a rock in the Meteora rock formation complex of Thessaly, Greece.
Due to its long, thin shape, it is sometimes called the "Spindle". In clockwise order, starting from the north, it is surrounded by Sourloti, Modi, Alysos, Agia, and Pyxari rocks.
The tip of Adrachti stands at a height of 474 m (1,555 ft) above sea level.

## Access

A trail leads to Adrachti from the village of Kastraki. The trail starts off as a stairway with wooden steps and leads up to the Cell of Constantius (Κελί του Κωνστάντιου), and then continues further uphills directly to the base of Adrachti.
# Gdańsk Zaspa railway station

Gdańsk Zaspa railway station is a railway station serving the city of Gdańsk, in the Pomeranian Voivodeship, Poland. The station opened in 1952 and is located on the Gdańsk Śródmieście–Rumia railway. The train services are operated by SKM Tricity.

## History

The station was formerly known as Gdańsk Lotnisko (English: Gdańsk Airport) because it was the closest station to the old Wrzeszcz airport (but located a considerable distance away from the terminal). After the closure of said airport in 1974, this district of the city was developed and its name changed. The purpose of the station changed from providing connections to the airport, to serving the residents of the district.
When Pope John Paul II celebrated mass in the nearby Zaspa quarter during his 1987 pilgrimage to Gdańsk the stop played a significant role: almost a million citizens reached this location via the SKM service.

## Train services

The station is served by the following services:
* Szybka Kolej Miejska services (SKM) (Lębork -) Wejherowo - Reda - Rumia - Gdynia - Sopot - Gdansk
| Preceding station | SKM Tricity | SKM Tricity | SKM Tricity | Following station |
| Gdańsk Przymorze-Uniwersytettowards Wejherowo or Lębork | | SKM Tricity | | Gdańsk Wrzeszcztowards Gdańsk Śródmieście |
# Likhud Brothers

The Likhud Brothers (Russian: Братья Лихуды) were two Greek monks from Cephalonia who founded and managed the Slavic Greek Latin Academy in Moscow between 1685 and 1694. Their names were Ioannikios Leichoudes (Greek: Ιωαννίκιος Λειχούδης) or Ioannikii Likhud (Russian: Иоанникий Лихуд, 1633–1717) and Sophronios Leichoudes (Greek: Σωφρόνιος Λειχούδης) or Sofronii Likhud (Russian: Софроний Лихуд, 1653–1730).
The brothers received their education at the Padua University in Italy. Patriarch Dositheos II of Jerusalem persuaded them to visit Moscow where they were given a warm welcome by Prince Vasily Galitzine (the head of Sophia's government). On their arrival they were allowed to establish the Slavic Greek Latin Academy on the premises of Zaikonospassky Monastery in Kitay-Gorod. It was effectively the first high school in Russia.
The Likhuds authored a series of bilingual manuals and guidebooks on philosophy, physics, logic, grammar, and poetics. The Muscovites regarded these books as a novelty, although they essentially regurgitated the ancient Aristotelian tenets. In the dispute between the pro-Latin and pro-Greek scholars the Likhuds supported the latter. Their opponents included Symeon of Polotsk and Sylvester Medvedev. In 1688 the elder brother was sent on a diplomatic mission to Venice.
After Galitzine's fall from grace the Likhud brothers were removed from the academy on charges of "latinism". Following a brief exile at the Hypatian Monastery in Kostroma, the brothers moved their educational activities to Novgorod. After Ioannikios' death in 1717 Sophronios was sent to administer the Solotcha Monastery near Ryazan where he was taunted by the brethren and had to confine himself to his cell.
The Likhud Brothers are remembered as the pioneers of higher education in Russia. In 2007 their statue was unveiled in front of the Epiphany Monastery in Kitay-Gorod.
# Calvary (Antonello da Messina)

Calvary is an oil-on-wood painting executed in 1475 by the Italian Renaissance painter Antonello da Messina. Also known as the Antwerp Crucifixion, it is now in the Royal Museum of Fine Arts, Antwerp, making it the only work by the artist in Belgium.

## Context

This painting has an important benchmark value in the oeuvre of Antonello da Messina because it is one of the few signed (only twelve) and dated works (ten) by this painter. The painting belongs to the late work of the Sicilian artist and contains influences from South Italian, Flemish and Venetian styles.

## Description

With this Calvary, the Renaissance artist Antonello da Messina painted a symbolic masterpiece about death and redemption. Christ hangs on the cross in the center of the panel. The good and the bad thief, flanking Christ on the cross, are tied to truncated trees. The bodies of the three condemned to death are realistically and plastically worked out. The study of the human body through anatomical research and dissection formed an important part of the Italian Renaissance artist's art of drawing. On the ground Mary mourns and kneels John, Christ's favorite apostle.
The skulls at the bottom of the cross refer to Adam. According to some, he was buried on Golgotha, the hill on which Christ was killed. Because Adam and Eve could not resist the temptation of the serpent, sin entered the world. With his death on the cross, Christ put an end to the Fall.
The theme of death and redemption is strongly present here in a symbolic way. The serpents winding through the skulls symbolize death or the devil. The owl at the front refers to the sinners who turn away from the "true faith" as a night bird shuns the daylight. A twig grows from a tree stump behind the cross, symbolizing the contrast between God's Old and New Covenant with mankind.

## Influence of Flemish Primitives

The work of Antonello da Messina shows a clear influence of the Flemish Primitives. This is particularly evident in the detailed elaboration of the plants and animals in the atmospherically rendered landscape. The painter also adopted the oil painting technique from the Flemish Primitives. This makes the reproduction of colors richer and more vibrant than with the older painting technique with tempera, a binder based on egg and glue. The artist probably became acquainted with the new technique through the presence of paintings by the Flemish Primitives in Naples and southern Italy.
# Czechowicz

Czechowicz (Polish pronunciation:) is a surname of Polish-language origin, meaning "son of the Czech". It is related to Belarusian Chakhovich or Čachovič (Belarusian: Чаховіч), Ukrainian Chekhovych (Ukrainian: Чехович), and Russian Chekhovich (Russian: Чехович). Notable people with the surname include:
* Gabriel Czechowicz (1876–1938), Polish lawyer, economist and politician
* Józef Czechowicz (1903-1939), Polish poet
* Juliusz Czechowicz (1894-1974), Polish painter
* Mieczysław Czechowicz (1930–1991), Polish actor
* Szymon Czechowicz (1689–1775), Polish painter of the Baroque
* Agnieszka Czechowicz, MD, PhD, Assistant Professor of Pediatrics (Stem Cell Transplantation), Stanford University
# Albena Bakratcheva

Albena Bakratcheva (Bulgarian: Албена Бакрачева) born in Sofia on July 3, 1961, is Bulgarian Americanist, best known for her work on American Transcendentalism. She is Professor of American Studies at the Department of Foreign Languages and Literatures, New Bulgarian University, Sofia.

## Education

Albena Bakratcheva received her master's degree in Bulgarian and English literature from the St Kliment Ohridski University of Sofia in 1984. She defended her PhD thesis on 18th century British Novel and late 19th century Bulgarian Fiction in 1995, and in 2007 was awarded a higher doctorate (D.Litt.) for her dissertation on The Artistic Discourse of American Transcendentalism.

## Career

Bakratcheva has taught at the Department of English, American University in Bulgaria (AUBG), Blagoevgrad (1995–1996), the Department of Theory of Literature, University of Sofia (1995–1996), the Department of Foreign Languages, South-West University "Neofit Rilski", Blagoevgrad (1997–2002), and the Department of Foreign Languages and Literatures, New Bulgarian University, Sofia (2002-current). She has specialized at the John F. Kennedy Institute for North American Studies. Freie Universität Berlin (1992), the State University of New York Geneseo (1993–94) as a Fulbright fellow, and the 1999 Summer Institute on Contemporary American Literature. University of Louisville, Kentucky.
Since 2008, Bakratcheva is Erasmus-Lecturer of American Literature at the Dipartimento di Lingue e letterature moderne. Università degli studi di Macerata, Italia.
Since 2002, Bakratcheva is Chair of the American and British Studies Program, Department of Foreign Languages and Literatures, New Bulgarian University.
# Varnavas

Varnavas (Greek: Βαρνάβας "Barnabas") is a town in East Attica, Greece. Since the 2011 local government reform it is part of the municipality Marathon, of which it is a municipal unit. It is part of Athens metropolitan area.
On 11 Aug 2024, a large wildfire in Varnavas caused smoke over Athens.

## Geography

Varnavas is situated in the hills of northeastern Attica. The main land use is agriculture. The nearest towns are Kapandriti (4 km west) and Grammatiko (4 km southeast). It is 8 km northwest of Marathon and 32 km northeast of the center of Athens. Landmarks include the Historic People's Museum of Varnavas (Istoriko Laografiko Mouseio Varnava).
The municipal unit has a land area of 37.349 km$^2$ (14 sq mi) and a total population of 1,771 inhabitants (2021). Its other settlements are Agía Paraskeví, Ágioi Dimítrios kai Panteleímon, Moní Metamorfóseos Sotíros, Ágios Ioánnis, Pouríthi, Moní Panagías, and Limniónas.

## Historical population

Varnavas has historically been an Arvanite settlement.
| Year | Village population | Community population |
| 1981 | 1,130 | - |
| 1991 | 1,170 | 1,404 |
| 2001 | 1,425 | 1,722 |
| 2011 | 1,326 | 2,081 |
| 2021 | 1,342 | 1,771 |
# Hasanabad-e Korq-e Sang

Hasanabad-e KorgheSang (Persian: حسن آباد كرق سنگ, also Romanized as Ḩasanābād-e KorgheSang, Ḩasanābād-e KorogheSang, Ḩasanābād KorgheSang, and Ḩasanābād KorgheSang; also known as Hasanābād, Hasan abade, and KorgheSang) is a village in Arabkhaneh Rural District, Shusef District, Nehbandan County, South Khorasan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 93, in 29 families.
# William Cox Bennett

William Cox Bennett (1820 – 1895) was an English poet. He published numerous works, often including a self-written preface. One of his better-known poems is that of "Baby May".

## Life

He was born at Greenwich on 14 October 1820, was the younger son of John Bennett, a watchmaker of that place. His older brother was John Bennett (watchmaker), later Sir John. He was educated at Greenwich in the school of William Collier Smithers, but when he was nine he was compelled, by the death of his father, to remain at home to assist his mother in business.
Bennett took much interest in the affairs of his native borough, and succeeded in effecting several useful reforms.
In 1845, he married Emma Sophia Willson, sister of his brother John's wife Agnes Willson. The couple had several children.
In 1868, he proposed Gladstone to the liberals of the borough as their candidate, and assisted to secure his return by very strenuous exertions.
He was a member of the London council of the National Education League.
In 1869 and 1870, he was employed on the staff of the Weekly Dispatch as a leader writer and art critic, and subsequently he contributed to the London Figaro.
He died on 4 March 1895 at his residence at Eliot Cottages, Blackheath, and was buried at Nunhead cemetery on 8 March.

## Works

Bennett was well known as a writer of songs. His chief works are:
* Poems, London, 1850, 8vo ; new edit. 1862.
* War Songs, London, 1855, 8vo.
* Queen Eleanor's Vengeance and other Poems, London, 1867, 8vo.
* Songs for Sailors, London, 1872, 8vo ; 2nd edit. 1873.
* Baby May: Home Poems and Ballads, London, 1875, 8vo.
* Songs of a Song Writer, London, 1876, 8vo.
* Prometheus the Fire-Giver: an attempted Restoration of the lost First Port of the Promethean Trilogy of Æschylus, London, 1877, 8vo.
* The Lark : Songs, Ballads, and Recitations for the People, London, 1885, 4to.
His 'Songs for Sailors' were set to music in 1878 by John Liptrot Hatton. A collective edition of his poems appeared in 1862 in Routledge's British Poets.
# Raphael, Nicholas, and Irene of Lesbos

Raphael, Nicholas, and Irene of Lesbos (Greek: Ραφαήλ, Νικόλαος και Ειρήνη) are venerated as saints and neomartyrs in the Eastern Orthodox Church. According to a 20th-century legend, they lived on the island of Lesbos in the 15th century and were killed by Turkish raiders in April 1463. Raphael is said to have been the abbot of a monastery of Karyes, near the village of Thermi, Nicholas a deacon in the same monastery, and Irene the 12-year-old daughter of the local mayor.
The story of the three saints first emerged in 1959, when local villagers reported seeing them in their dreams and in miraculous visions, during which the saints revealed their stories to them. The supposed site of their martyrdom was subsequently excavated and human remains believed to be those of the saints were found. These relics are today kept in a monastery that was re-built on the site. It is situated at the northeastern part of the island, at a distance of 12 km from Mytilene and 3 km of Thermi, on a hill called Karyes. The saints were canonized in 1970. The monastery has become a prominent center of pilgrimage.