OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Manuel Osa Nsue Nsua

D. Manuel Osa Nsue Nsua (born 21 July 1976) is an Equatoguinean politician and banker who has served as the prime minister of Equatorial Guinea since August 2024. He previously served as the head of the national bank from 2012 until his appointment as prime minister.

## Early life

Osa was born on 21 July 1976, in Andom-Onvang, in the municipality of Nsok-Nsomo, Equatorial Guinea. At the age of six, he moved to Spain to live with his sister in Palma de Mallorca. In Spain, he earned his bachelor’s degree and then enrolled at the University of the Balearic Islands, studying business sciences and economics. He received degrees in both fields and later studied further at Pompeu Fabra University, where he earned a master's degree in financial management and business accounting in 2005.

## Career

After Osa graduated from Pompeu Fabra, he briefly served with the General Directorate of Economy of the Autonomous Community of the Balearic Islands, before then joining the Santander Bank later in 2005. Serving with the Palma de Mallorca branch, he rose from account manager to executive director to the branch's general director. In this role, he was the supervisor of the bank's operations in four zones and also helped make decisions for the Madrid office.
In 2012, Osa returned to his birth country and became the chief executive officer of the Banco Nacional de Guinea Ecuatorial (BANGE, National Bank of Equatorial Guinea). The bank, based in Malabo, is the only private lender headquartered in Equatorial Guinea. Osa took over BANGE as it was on the verge of bankruptcy and successfully turned it around, with Jeune Afrique dubbing him the bank's "savior". As CEO and the general director of the bank, he oversaw major expansion, reaching 22 branches by 2017 and establishing its first office in Spain that year. By 2019, offices had been established in all but two of the districts in the country. In addition to leading the bank in Equatorial Guinea, Osa also served on the board of directors for its Cameroon office.
Osa received several honors for his direction of BANGE. In 2016, he was named the Equatorial Guinea Banking CEO of the Year and BANGE was named the country's bank of the year as part of the Global Banking & Finance Awards. BANGE was named the Equatorial Guinea Bank of the Year by The Banker for 2017, with the publication highlighting its stability despite a market crash. Osa also received an award from the African Banker in 2019. BANGE was named the country's Bank of the Year by The Banker again in 2022. Osa also served with the Bange Business School as the chairman of the board of directors, starting in 2020.
On 16 August 2024, president Teodoro Obiang Nguema Mbasogo decreed Osa as the next Prime Minister of Equatorial Guinea, succeeding Manuela Roka Botey, who had resigned along with the rest of the government for being "ineffective". In the president's decree, Osa was named to oversee the country's "administrative coordination". His appointment was made as the country entered into an economic crisis.
# Phra Prang Sam Yot

Phra Prang Sam Yot, also known as Phra Prang Sam Yod, is a 13th-century Angkorian temple in Lopburi, Thailand. The temple is currently a popular tourist destination.

## Description

The temple was built by King Jayavarman VII of the Khmer Empire in the early 13th century. Jayavarman intended for the temple to be an important location in the royal cult surrounding himself, as it would increase the legitimacy of his rule. In addition, the temple served to showcase the prestige of the Khmer Empire in Lopburi (then known as Lavo) as it had only recently captured the city from its Cham and Mon rivals. One prominent statue in the temple was dedicated by Jayavarman to "Jayabuddhamahanatha", which is translatable to "Victorious Buddha, the Great Protector" - further evidence of the temple's martial origins. Built along the lines of contemporaneous Khmer architecture, the temple is made from brick with a stucco exterior, the latter possibly being inspired by Mon architectural tradition. The structure has three towers, each with a corresponding deity; the north tower is dedicated to Prajnaparamita, the central tower to the Buddha, and the south tower to Avalokiteśvara. The temple is furnished with art depicting Buddhist iconography. Originally dedicated to Mahayana Buddhism, the temple survived the end of the Khmer influence over Lavo, and the temple was later rededicated to Theravada Buddhism when Lopburi came under the control of the Ayutthaya Kingdom. During the reign of Narai the Great (1656-1688) of Ayutthaya, a prayer hall (Wihar) was added to the temple complex. Phra Prang Sam Yot became a registered historical site by the Fine Arts Department on 2 August 1936.
An image of Phra Prang Sam Yot is featured on a Thai baht note, and the temple is featured prominently on both the provincial seal and flag of Lopburi Province. The temple is often studied by Thai students. While it remains the site of active prayer, several sources have noted the temple is more popular as a tourist destination due to its resident population of monkeys. The temple itself however is in relatively poor condition.

### Monkeys

The temple is famous for its large population of crab-eating macaque monkeys, which live in and around the temple grounds. The monkey population has always been present in Lopburi, but the start of the locally-held Monkey Buffet Festival in 1989 led to a dramatic increase in their population. The festival serves a dual purpose, drawing in tourists while also honoring the traditional Lopburi belief that monkeys are disciples of Jao Paw Phra Kan, a spirit which protects the city.
While the monkeys provide a valuable boon to local tourism, their activities have caused some damage to the temple's exterior (they are prevented from entering the temple).
# Municipal Hospital (Luxembourg)

The Municipal Hospital (French: Hôpital municipal) is the main hospital in Luxembourg City, in southern Luxembourg. It is located off the Route d'Arlon N6 road, in Rollingergrund, in the west of the city. The hospital forms the largest part of the Centre Hospitalier de Luxembourg, the public sector healthcare provider in Luxembourg City.
Opened in 1976 as part of the newly created CHL, the hospital is set on seven floors (including one below ground) and provides all the services of a general hospital.
# Chilpancingo de los Bravo (municipality)

Chilpancingo de los Bravo is a municipality in the Mexican state of Guerrero. The municipal seat is Chilpancingo de los Bravo.

## Geography

The municipality is within the Sierra Madre del Sur mountain range. It covers an area of 2,338.4 square kilometres (902.9 sq mi).
As of 2005, the municipality had a total population of 214,219.

### Towns and villages

The municipality has 114 localities. The largest are as follows:
| Locality | Population |
| Total Municipio | 214,219 |
| Chilpancingo de los Bravo | 166,796 |
| Petaquillas | 7,627 |
| Ocotito | 6,212 |
| Mazatlán | 4,599 |
| Jaleaca de Catalán | 2,578 |
| Palo Blanco | 2,288 |
| Julián Blanco | 1,956 |
# Hermann Haverkamp

Hermann Haverkamp (20 August 1942 – 3 November 2021) was a German water polo player. He competed at the 1968 Summer Olympics and the 1972 Summer Olympics.
Haverkamp died on 3 November 2021, at the age of 79.
# Alilah

Alilah (Persian: اليله, also Romanized as Alīlah; also known as Ālāyl and Ālāylah) is a village in Ani Rural District, in the Central District of Germi County, Ardabil Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 430, in 90 families.
# Fominka

Fominka (Russian: Фоминка) is a rural locality (a village) in Dobryansky District, Perm Krai, Russia. The population was 41 as of 2010. There are 3 streets.

## Geography

Fominka is located 25 km northeast of Dobryanka (the district's administrative centre) by road. Kyzh is the nearest rural locality.
# Gilmala Halt railway station

Gilmala Halt Railway Station (Urdu: گل مالا ہالٹ ریلوے اسٹیشن, Punjabi: گل مالا ہالٹ ریلوے اسٹیشن) is located in Pakistan.
# Bani Talq

Bani Talq (Arabic: بني طلق) is a sub-district located in As Sawd District, 'Amran Governorate, Yemen. Bani Talq had a population of 3170 according to the 2004 census.
# Staroaktashevo

Staroaktashevo (Russian: Староакташево; Bashkir: Иҫке Аҡташ, İśke Aqtaş) is a rural locality (a village) in Sakhayevsky Selsoviet, Karmaskalinsky District, Bashkortostan, Russia. The population was 414 as of 2010. There are 11 streets.

## Geography

Staroaktashevo is located 23 km northeast of Karmaskaly (the district's administrative centre) by road. Staroshareyevo is the nearest rural locality.
# Progress M-9

Progress M-9 (Russian: Прогресс М-9) was a Soviet uncrewed cargo spacecraft which was launched in 1991 to resupply the Mir space station. The twenty-seventh of sixty four Progress spacecraft to visit Mir, it used the Progress-M 11F615A55 configuration, and had the serial number 210. It carried supplies including food, water and oxygen for the EO-9 crew aboard Mir, as well as equipment for conducting scientific research, and fuel for adjusting the station's orbit and performing manoeuvres. It was the third Progress spacecraft to carry a VBK-Raduga capsule, which was used to return equipment and experiment results to Earth.
Progress M-9 was launched at 22:54:10 GMT on 20 August 1991, atop a Soyuz-U2 carrier rocket flying from Site 1/5 at the Baikonur Cosmodrome. Following two days of free flight, it docked with the forward port of Mir's core module at 00:54:17 GMT on 23 August.
During the thirty eight days for which Progress M-9 was docked, Mir was in an orbit of approximately 379 by 396 kilometres (205 by 214 nmi), inclined at 51.6 degrees. Progress M-9 undocked from Mir at 01:53:00 GMT on 30 September, and was deorbited few hours later at 07:45, to a destructive reentry over the Pacific Ocean. The Raduga capsule landed in the Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic at 08:16:24 GMT.
# Dirk Jacoby

Dirk Jacoby (born 21 March 1962) is a German former water polo player. He competed in the men's tournament at the 1988 Summer Olympics.
# Kurt Schuhmann

Kurt Schuhmann (born 12 September 1948) is a German water polo player. He competed at the 1968 Summer Olympics and the 1972 Summer Olympics.
# Daoud Kuttab

Daoud Kuttab (Arabic: داود كتّاب), (born 1 April 1955) is a Palestinian-American journalist.

## Journalism

In 1980, Kuttab began his career at Al-Fajr, an English-language weekly newspaper. Over the next seven years, he was promoted to features editor and then managing editor. In 1987, he left Al-Fajr for Al-Quds, an Arabic-language daily newspaper based in East Jerusalem. He also contributed to The Jerusalem Post. During this period, he became the first Palestinian to receive an exclusive interview with Yitzhak Rabin, as well as from Shimon Peres and several other Israeli leaders.
Kuttab was critical of press censorship by both the Israel government and the Palestinian Authority. On several occasions, he participated in rallies against Israeli censorship, resulting in his being arrested and searched. In 1994, Kuttab led journalists to rally in protest of the banning of the daily newspaper Al-Nahar by the Palestinian National Authority. Al-Quds subsequently fired Kuttab at the direct order of President Yasir Arafat. Kuttab continued to work as a journalist, however, writing for papers including The Daily Telegraph, Daily Yomuri, International Herald Tribune, Los Angeles Times, The New York Times, and The Washington Post. In April 1996, he also created the Arabic Media Internet Network, an online magazine for uncensored Palestinian journalism.
In May 1997, Kuttab was detained without charge by Arafat's government, reportedly for producing live broadcasts of Palestinian Legislative Council meetings. He was released one week later following local and international pressure.
Kuttab tweets frequently from his X account.

## Awards

He has won several international awards, including a 1996 International Press Freedom Award of the US-based Committee to Protect Journalists. The award was given on behalf of his struggles for press freedom in both Israel and the Palestinian Authority.
In 2000, the Austria-based International Press Institute named him one of its fifty World Press Freedom Heroes of the previous fifty years.
Kuttab sits on the board of the International Press Institute, which lists him as the "Director General, Community Media Network" and "Founder, AmmanNet, Jordan."
# Wilfred von Oven

Wilfred von Oven (4 May 1912 – 13 June 2008) was a Bolivian–German journalist, publicist and civil servant who served as the Press Adjutant of Nazi Propaganda Minister Joseph Goebbels between 1943 and the German capitulation in 1945.

## Biography

Wilfred von Oven was born in La Paz, Bolivia to German parents, the father's side having a military tradition. His father died in Flanders in 1917: two uncles held high rank in the German Army, and of these Ernst von Oven (1859-1945) was the highest ranking German officer in the field at the Armistice and subsequently reported directly to the Minister of Defence. Both helped form Freikorps paramilitaries to combat communism and the revolutionary movement in Germany. Oven joined the Nazi Party and its paramilitary wing, the SA, on 1 May 1931, but resigned from both exactly one year later in protest at the shift of Nazism further to the right (the "Stennes Revolt"). Oven was interested in journalism and served with the Nazis' Legion Condor in Spain as a war correspondent. After obtaining an Army commission in 1939 he served with the Propaganda Ministry as a war correspondent at the fronts in Poland and the Soviet Union during the Second World War. In 1943, with the rank of Lieutenant, the OKW appointed him as Goebbels' Press adjutant, which he remained until the end of the war.
In a German TV documentary on the "German Resistance", Oven described the events of the 20 July plot which he witnessed. On the afternoon in question the Propaganda Ministry on the Wilhelmstrasse, with Goebbels inside, was surrounded by disloyal troops. Goebbels ordered Oven to discover whether escape was possible. He found they were trapped but reported that the telephone system was still working, an oversight by the plotters which assisted in their downfall.
At the capitulation in 1945 Oven went into hiding under an assumed name to escape Allied internment: Werner Naumann, the replacement Propaganda Minister for Goebbels whose assistant Oven would have been, fled to Argentina in 1946, where Oven arrived in 1951. Oven was declared persona non grata by the Federal German Embassy in Buenos Aires and remained a committed Nazi. He continued to reject Christianity for paganism in Argentina. He was married, and the author of several books and numerous magazine articles.
In his book Auschwitz: The Nazis and The 'Final Solution', Laurence Rees discusses an interview he conducted with Oven. He was asked if he could sum up his experience of the Third Reich in one word, what would it be, to which Oven responded: "Paradise".
Oven died in Buenos Aires, Argentina at 13 June 2008, aged 96.
# Gegenschein

Gegenschein (/ˈɡeɪɡənˌʃaɪn/; German:; lit. 'counter-shine') or counterglow is a faintly bright spot in the night sky centered at the antisolar point. The backscatter of sunlight by interplanetary dust causes this optical phenomenon, being a zodiacal light and part of its zodiacal light band.

## Explanation

Like zodiacal light, gegenschein is sunlight scattered by interplanetary dust. Most of this dust orbits the Sun near the ecliptic plane, with a possible concentration of particles centered at the L$_2$ point of the Earth–Sun system.
Gegenschein is distinguished from zodiacal light by its high angle of reflection of the incident sunlight on the dust particles. It forms a slightly brighter elliptical spot of 8–10° across directly opposite the Sun within the dimmer band of zodiacal light and zodiac constellation. The intensity of the gegenschein is relatively enhanced because each dust particle is seen at full phase, having a difficult to measure apparent magnitude of +5 to +6, with a very low surface brightness in the +10 to +12 magnitude range.

## History

It is commonly stated that the gegenschein was first described by the French Jesuit astronomer and professor Esprit Pézenas [fr] (1692–1776) in 1730. Further observations were supposedly made by the German explorer Alexander von Humboldt during his South American journey from 1799 to 1803. It was Humboldt who first used the German term Gegenschein. However, research conducted in 2021 by Texas State University astronomer and professor Donald Olson discovered that the Danish astronomer Theodor Brorsen was actually the first person to observe and describe one in 1854, although Brorsen had thought that Pézenas had observed it first. Olson believes what Pézenas actually observed was an auroral event, as he described the phenomenon as having a red glow; Olson found many other reports of auroral activity from around Europe and Asia on the same date Pézenas made his observation. Humboldt's report instead described glowing triangular patches on both the western and eastern horizons shortly after sunset, while true gegenschein is most visible near local midnight when it is highest in the sky.
Brorsen published the first thorough investigations of the gegenschein in 1854. T. W. Backhouse discovered it independently in 1876, as did Edward Emerson Barnard in 1882. In modern times, the gegenschein is not visible in most inhabited regions of the world due to light pollution.
# Ferdinand Hueppe

Ferdinand Adolph Theophil Hueppe (24 August 1852 – 15 September 1938) was a German physician, bacteriologist and hygienist. From 1900 to 1904, he was the first Deutscher Fußball-Bund (DFB, German Football Association) president.

## Biography

From 1872 to 1876, Hueppe studied medicine at the University of Berlin, afterwards serving as a military surgeon. From 1880 to 1884 he was a member of bacteriologist Robert Koch's staff in Berlin, and later worked at Carl Remigius Fresenius' institute (the Chemischen Institut Fresenius) in Wiesbaden. From 1889 to 1912 he was a professor at Charles University in Prague.
Hueppe is remembered for his pioneer investigations of hormesis in regards to chemical stimulation/inhibition of bacterial growth. The eponymous "Hueppe’s rule" is an historical term synonymous with hormesis.
Hueppe promoted a völkisch type of racial hygiene in which Aryans and Jews were considered separate races. He advocated Arnold Rikli's light and air baths as well as physical exercise.

## Criticism of vegetarianism

Hueppe opposed vegetarianism and characterized German vegetarians as "feminized men" who degenerated the Aryan race. He argued that "Powerful Aryan elites" risked degeneration if they turned away from the omnivorous diet that had made their bodies and nation strong. Hueppe stated that the earliest humans were meat eaters and that modern humans survive best on an omnivorous diet because a vegetarian diet is excessive in carbohydrates and lacks in protein. He described vegetarians as the "victims of an unnatural mode of existence".

## Publications

His book on bacterial research, Die methoden der bakterien-forschung, was later translated into English and published in 1886 with the title "The methods of bacteriological investigation". Other noted efforts by Hueppe include:
* Naturwissenschaftliche Einführung in der Bakteriologie, 1896 – Natural sciences introduction to bacteriology.
* Der moderne Vegetarianismus 1900 – Modern vegetarianism.
* Hygiene der Körperübungen, 1922 – Hygiene associated with physical exercise.
# An-Nāranj Pool

The an-Nāranj Pool (Arabic: بركة النارنج Birkat an-Nāranj, lit. 'pond of the bitter orange') is a small pool in the al-Aqsa Mosque Compound. It is at the compound's western esplanade, between the Fountain of Qasim Pasha (Sabil an-Nāranj) and the Fountain of Qayt Bay (to its south).
It was also known as al-Rāranj (الرارنج) and al-Ghāghanj (الغاغنج); both are phonetic variations of an-Nāranj.
It was built in the Ottoman period. It was restored during the reign of Sultan Qaitbay and again in 1527 by Qasim Pasha, a governor of Jerusalem. In 1922, the Supreme Muslim Council reconstructed the pool, paved it with marble and encircled it with banisters. The pool is seven metres wide.
# Eremenko

Yeremenko (Ukrainian: Єременко), Yeryomenko/Eremenko (Russian: Ерёменко) or Jaromienka (Belarusian: Яроменка) is a surname of Ukrainian-language origin. It is common in Ukraine, Belarus, and Russia. Notable people with the surname include:
* Alexei Eremenko (disambiguation), multiple individuals
* Alexander Eremenko (disambiguation), multiple individuals
* Andrey Yeryomenko (1892–1970), Soviet military commander
* Dmitry Yeryomenko (born 1980), Kazakhstani skier
* Igor Eremenko (born 1997), Russian ice dancer who defected to the United States
* Ilya Yeryomenko (born 1998), Russian footballer
* Kateryna Yeremenko (born 1993), Ukrainian singer and composer
* Konstantin Yeryomenko (1970–2010), Russian futsal player
* Paul Eremenko (born 1979), American innovator and technology executive
* Dmytro Yeremenko (born 1990), Ukrainian footballer
* Nikolai Yeremenko (disambiguation), multiple individuals
* Roman Eremenko (born 1987), Finnish footballer
* Ruslan Yeremenko (born 1978), Ukrainian pole vaulter
* Sergei Eremenko (born 1999), Finnish footballer
* Svitlana Yeremenko (born 1959), Ukrainian journalist
* Vasili Eremenko (born 1973), Ukrainian figure skater
* Vera Yeremenko (born 1983), Kazakhstani alpine skier
* Victor Valentine Eremenko, American physicist
* Vladislav Yeryomenko (born 1999), Belarusian ice hockey player
* Yaroslav Yeremenko (born 1989), Ukrainian DJ
# Correos de Nicaragua

The Nicaraguan Postal Service (Spanish: Correos de Nicaragua), is a postal service that is decentralized from the Nicaraguan government, but offers a public service to the people.
# Montpeyroux

Montpeyroux may refer to several communes in France:
* Montpeyroux, Aveyron
* Montpeyroux, Dordogne
* Montpeyroux, Hérault
* Montpeyroux, Puy-de-Dôme
# Ain Ez Zayt

Ain Ez Zayt (Arabic: عين الزيت) is a town in Akkar Governorate, Lebanon, close to the border with Syria.
The population in Ain Ez Zayt and nearby Kfar El Ftouh are mostly Sunni Muslim or Alawite.

## History

In 1838, Eli Smith noted the village as 'Ain ez-Zeit, whose inhabitants were Alawites, located east of esh-Sheikh Mohammed.
# Adhikar (1971 film)

Adhikar is a 1971 Indian Hindi-language drama film, directed by S.M. Sagar and written by Salim–Javed. The film stars Ashok Kumar, Nanda and Deb Mukherjee in the main roles.

## Cast

* Ashok Kumar as Barrister Shukla
* Nanda as Meera
* Deb Mukherjee as Shyam
* Nazima as Radha
* Pran as Shikari Banne Khan Bhopali
* Raj Mehra as Shiv Charan Sharma
* Ratnamala as Parvati Sharma
* Rajnish as Rajan Shukla
* Kishen Mehta as Dr. Kailash
* Shivraj as Doctor
* Brahmachari as Deepak
* Shammi as Rajan's Mother
* Tabassum as Rekha Shukla
* Helen as Dancer

## Soundtrack

Lyrics were provided by Ramesh Pant.
| Song | Singer |
| "Rekha O Rekha" | Mohammed Rafi |
| "Jeena To Hai Usi Ka" | Mohammed Rafi |
| "Fashion Ki Deewani" | Manna Dey |
| "Koi Mane Ya Na Mane, Jo Kal Tak The Anjane" | Kishore Kumar, Asha Bhosle |
| "Tum To Sabke Ho Rakhwale" | Asha Bhosle |
| "Sharaab Nahin Hoon" | Asha Bhosle |
# Stock theater

Stock theater may refer to:
* Repertory theatre, a Western theatre or opera production by a resident company
* Summer stock theater, an American theater that presents stage productions only in the summer
# Masafi Al-Junoob SC

Masafi Al-Junoob Sport Club (Arabic: نادي مصافي الجنوب الرياضي), is an Iraqi football team based in Al-Shaibah, Basra, that plays in Iraqi Premier Division League.

## History
### in Premier League

Masafi Al-Junoob played in the Iraqi Premier League in 2009–10 season, but relegated to the Iraqi First Division League after finished the season in 18th place in the Group Stage.

## Managerial history

* Hussein Hamad
* Asaad Abdul-Razzaq
* Nasser Talla Dahilan
* Abdul-Yemma Warwar
* Sattar Jabbar