OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Skopinsky District

Skopinsky District (Russian: Скопи́нский райо́н) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the twenty-five in Ryazan Oblast, Russia. It is located in the southwest of the oblast. The area of the district is 1,720 square kilometers (660 sq mi). Its administrative center is the town of Skopin (which is not administratively a part of the district). Population: 27,080 (2010 Census); 31,142 (2002 Census); 40,965 (1989 Soviet census).

## Administrative and municipal status

Within the framework of administrative divisions, Skopinsky District is one of the twenty-five in the oblast. The town of Skopin serves as its administrative center, despite being incorporated separately as a town of oblast significance—an administrative unit with the status equal to that of the districts.
As a municipal division, the district is incorporated as Skopinsky Municipal District. The town of oblast significance of Skopin is incorporated separately from the district as Skopin Urban Okrug.
On 7 October 2020, a grass fire reached ammunition in open storage at Military Unit Number 55443 (once maybe the GRAU’s 97th Arsenal) near Zheltukhino (ru:Желтухино (деревня, Рязанская область)) in Skopinsky District, Ryazan Oblast, igniting munitions. Whether GRAU or the Western Military District was responsible for the depot was not clear. Interfaks-AVN wrote that there were 113 warehouses and bunkers with 75,000 tons of missiles, rockets, and artillery shells (including 152-mm) at the site. A women died from injuries and there were at least another 15 victims in stable condition; the fire and explosions "damaged 430 structures, public facilities, apartment buildings, and private homes."
# Castex-d'Armagnac

Castex-d'Armagnac (French pronunciation:, literally Castex of Armagnac; Occitan: Castèths d'Armanhac) is a commune in the Gers department in southwestern France.
# Zirgan

Zirgan (Russian: Зирган; Bashkir: Ергән, Yergän) is a rural locality (a selo) and the administrative centre of Zirgansky Selsoviet, Meleuzovsky District, Bashkortostan, Russia. The population was 4,125 as of 2010. There are 35 streets.

## Geography

Zirgan is located 33 km north of Meleuz (the district's administrative centre) by road. Sabashevo is the nearest rural locality.
# Saint-Geours-de-Maremne

Saint-Geours-de-Maremne (French pronunciation:; Occitan: Sent Jors de Maremne) is a commune in the Landes department in Nouvelle-Aquitaine in southwestern France.

## Population

| Year | Pop. | ±% p.a. |
| 1793 | 913 | — |
| 1821 | 1,200 | +0.98% |
| 1846 | 1,554 | +1.04% |
| 1872 | 1,609 | +0.13% |
| 1901 | 1,524 | −0.19% |
| 1926 | 1,274 | −0.71% |
| 1946 | 1,181 | −0.38% |
| 1962 | 1,194 | +0.07% |
| Year | Pop. | ±% p.a. |
| 1968 | 1,237 | +0.59% |
| 1975 | 1,254 | +0.20% |
| 1982 | 1,234 | −0.23% |
| 1990 | 1,434 | +1.90% |
| 1999 | 1,666 | +1.68% |
| 2007 | 1,986 | +2.22% |
| 2012 | 2,376 | +3.65% |
| 2017 | 2,673 | +2.38% |
Source: EHESS and INSEE (1968-2017) :
# Saint-Georges, Lot-et-Garonne

Saint-Georges (French pronunciation: ; Occitan: Sent Jòrdi) is a commune in the Lot-et-Garonne department in south-western France.
# Kondratyevskiye Vyselki

Kondratyevskiye Vyselki (Russian: Кондратьевские Выселки) is a rural locality (a khutor) in Vysoksky Selsoviet Rural Settlement, Medvensky District, Kursk Oblast, Russia. Population: 22 (2010 Census); 25 (2002 Census);

## Geography

The khutor is located on the Reut River (a left tributary of the Seym), 57 km (35 mi) from the Russia–Ukraine border, 33.5 km (20.8 mi) south-west of Kursk, 10 km (6.2 mi) north-west of the district center – the urban-type settlement Medvenka, 3.5 km (2.2 mi) from the selsoviet center – Vysokoye.

### Climate

Kondratyevskiye Vyselki has a warm-summer humid continental climate (Dfb in the Köppen climate classification).

## Transport

Kondratyevskiye Vyselki is located 9.5 km (5.9 mi) from the federal route M-2 Crimea Highway (a part of the European route E105), on the road of intermunicipal significance 38H-588 (Spasskoye – Spasskiye Vyselki – Kondratyevskiye Vyselki), 23 km (14 mi) from the nearest railway station Dyakonovo (railway line Lgov I — Kursk).
The rural locality is situated 42 km (26 mi) from Kursk Vostochny Airport, 98 km (61 mi) from Belgorod International Airport and 231 km (144 mi) from Voronezh Peter the Great Airport.
# Lacelle

Lacelle (French pronunciation:; Occitan: La Cela) is a commune in the Corrèze department of central France.

## Geography
### Location

Commune of Massif Central located on the Plateau de Millevaches in the Regional Nature Park of Millevaches in the Limousin. It is adjacent to the Haute-Vienne department.
# Demetrios Galanis

Demetrios Galanis (Greek: Δημήτριος Γαλάνης, 17 May 1879, Athens – 20 March 1966, Paris) was an early twentieth-century Greek artist and friend of Picasso. In 1920, the year he completed his Seated Nude (private collection), he exhibited alongside such major figures of modern art as Matisse and Braque, while from 1921 on he also exhibited alongside Juan Gris, Dufy, Chagall, and Picasso.
By the early 1920s Galanis was famous in France and preparing for shows in Brussels, London, and New York. In 1920–21 he frequently exhibited in Paris and in 1922 his first one-man exhibition received the enthusiastic critical response that established his reputation. Seated Nude was among the pictures exhibited, and in an introduction to the exhibition André Malraux described the artist's work as "having the power to stir emotions equivalent to that of Giotto."
This show established Galanis’s reputation as a painter and confirmed the favourable opinions already expressed on the quality of his work. Critics of his time paid much more attention to his figurative work than his landscapes, confirming the well-established view that Galanis’s first and foremost concern was his love for the human form.
Galanis received greater critical acclaim abroad in his lifetime than any other Greek modern artist of the early 20th century. The French state honoured him with the highest distinctions: full professor at the École des Beaux Arts in Paris and a lifelong member of the Académie française.
Having moved to Paris in 1900, living in Montmartre for fifty years in a house which is now the Musée de Montmartre, Galanis developed his artistic talent beyond painting. He was also known for his illustrative wood-engravings in books, such as the Limited Editions Club of Sophocles' Oedipus the King and the Cresset Press edition of John Milton's Paradise Lost. The Limited Editions Club published 1500 signed copies in 1955 and the sister organization, Heritage Press, then reprinted unsigned volumes.
The most significant collection of Galanis's work is held in the Teloglion Foundation at the Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, although examples can also be found in London's Tate Gallery. His famous Seated Nude sold at auction for $221,860 in May 2006.
Sources 1.Galanis. "EI" Magazine of European Art Center (EUARCE) of Greece, 13st issue 1996, p. 14&30-31 (The strong ties of friendship that bound poet Yannis Koutsoheras are vividly described in an old text by the former, published in this issue for the first time)
# Puybrun

Puybrun (French pronunciation:; Occitan: Puègbrun) is a commune in the Lot department in south-western France.

## Toponymy

The toponym Puybrun (in Occitan Pègbrun) is found in the form Bastida de Podio bruni which is formed from Puy which is a francization of the Occitan pèg, pech from the Latin podium with the meaning of place located on a height and brown because of the colour given by the iron ore.

## History

In 1282, a bastide was founded at Puybrun by Philipe de Hardi and William IV, a cistercian abbot of Dalon in the Perigord. A paréage had been created between the two in 1279. The bastide was not granted the right to build walls and ditches. The bastide would be attacked during the Hundred Years' War between the English and French and again during the French Wars of Religion in 1562 and again 1585.

## Local culture and heritage
### Places and monuments

* Église Saint-Blaise de Puybrun. Built in 1300s but rebuilt in between 1600 and 1620 as it was severely damaged during the Religious Wars.

### Notable persons

* Charles Nuville (1889-1965), aviator, ace of the First World War, born in Puybrun.
* Jacky Lamothe, born in Puybrun in 1950, international basketball player.
# National Festival of Polish Song in Opole

The National Festival of Polish Song in Opole (Polish: Krajowy Festiwal Piosenki Polskiej w Opolu, KFPP), commonly known as the Opole Festival (Polish: Festiwal w Opolu) is an annual music festival in Opole, Poland. Together with the Sopot Festival it is one of the two most important music festivals in Poland.
The Opole Festival is meant as a summary of the past year's achievements by Polish song writers and performers. It is also the most important cultural event in Opole, with a tradition going back 50 years. It usually takes place in late June, since 2011 lasting for two days (Friday and Saturday) and from 2013 again it takes three days. During the KFPP both the hits of the past season and new debut songs are performed; there is also a tournament of performing debuts.

## History

Established in 1963, its traditional patrons include Polskie Radio and Telewizja Polska, as well as the Society of Friends of Opole. The only year the Festival did not take place was 1982, due to martial law in Poland. Since the 1980s it has included a rock section and since 2001 a hip-hop section. The awards granted at the festival are:
* Karolinka - the Anna Jantar Award, for the winner of the Debiuty (Debuts) show,
* Grand Prix - the Karol Musioł Award, for the best premiered song, awarded by the jury,
* Kryształowy Kamerton (Crystal Tuning Fork), for the best author/composer,
* Superjedynka (Super One) - since 2000, awarded in several categories (singer, song, band, pop album, rock album, hip-hop album, alternative album, videoclip, music event of the year).
The festival takes place at the Millennium Amphitheatre (Amfiteatr Tysiąclecia), which was opened in June 1963, in time for the first festival. The amphitheatre was built on the initiative of Opole's mayor, Karol Musioł, and designed by the architect Florian Jesionowski. It has become one of the symbols of the city of Opole, and it is located in the spot where an early Slavic settlement once stood. Well-preserved remnants of wooden houses and traces of pavements were discovered by archaeologists, who suggested opening a museum of ancient Opole on the spot. In the spring of 2011, the amphitheatre was remodelled, and its capacity was reduced from 4,800 to 3,653.
# Lestelle-Bétharram

Lestelle-Bétharram (French pronunciation:; Occitan: L'Estela e Bètharram) is a commune in the Pyrénées-Atlantiques department in south-western France.

## History

In 1832, St. Michel Garicoits established the Society of Priests of the Sacred Heart of Betharram.
On 5 July 1940, Carl Einstein, German author, activist, and art critic, committed suicide here. An anarchist veteran of the Spanish Civil War, he had been interned in France after the rebel Nationalist victory. Although he had escaped in the turmoil following the German invasion of France, he chose death as the solution to an impossible situation.
# Yershichsky District

Yershichsky District (Russian: Ершичский райо́н) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the twenty-five in Smolensk Oblast, Russia. It is located in the south of the oblast and borders with Roslavlsky District in the north, Dubrovsky District of Bryansk Oblast in the east, Kletnyansky District, also of Bryansk Oblast, in the south, Khotsimsk District of Mogilev Region of Belarus in the southwest, Klimavichy District of Mogilev Region in the west, and with Shumyachsky District in the northwest. The area of the district is 1,039.00 square kilometers (401.16 sq mi). Its administrative center is the rural locality (a selo) of Yershichi. Population: 7,102 (2010 Census); 8,859 (2002 Census); 11,544 (1989 Soviet census). The population of Yershichi accounts for 44.6% of the district's total population.

## Geography

The whole area of the district belongs to the drainage basin of the Sozh River, a left tributary of the Dnieper. The major tributaries of the Sozh (both left) flowing through the district are the Besed River (which has its source in Yershichsky District) and the Iput River. Yershichi is located on the right bank of the Iput River.

## History

Historically, the area belonged intermittently to the Principality of Smolensk and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, subsequently to Poland. In the course of the administrative reform carried out in 1708 by Peter the Great, it was included into Smolensk Governorate and remained there until 1929, with the exception of the brief periods between 1713 and 1726, when it belonged to Riga Governorate, and between 1775 and 1796, when Smolensk Governorate was transformed into Smolensk Viceroyalty. It belonged to Roslavlsky Uyezd.
On 12 July 1929, governorates and uyezds were abolished, and Yershichsky District with the administrative center in the selo of Yershich was established. The district belonged to Roslavl Okrug of Western Oblast. On August 1, 1930, the okrugs were abolished, and the districts were subordinated directly to the oblast. In 1932, the district was abolished and split between Roslavlsky and Kletnyansky Districts of Western Oblast. In 1935, it was re-established. On 27 September 1937 Western Oblast was abolished and split between Oryol and Smolensk Oblasts. Yershichsky District was transferred to Smolensk Oblast. Between August 1941 and 1943, during WWII, the district was occupied by German troops. In 1963, during the abortive Khrushchyov administrative reform, Yershichsky District was merged into Shumyachsky District. In 1972, it was re-established.

## Economy
### Industry

There are several enterprises in the district producing construction materials.

### Agriculture

The main agricultural specializations are cattle and pig breeding with meat and milk production as well as growing of crops and potatoes.

### Transportation

Yershichi is connected by paved roads with Roslavl and with Shumyachi. There are local roads as well.

## Culture and recreation

There is a private ethnographic museum in a ghost village of Novaya Matsilevka, which is unattended.
# Léo Gausson

Léo Gausson (14 February 1860 – 27 October 1944) was a French landscape painter in the Neo-impressionist and Synthetic styles. He was also a printmaker and sculptor.

## Biography

He was born in Lagny-sur-Marne. He began his art education by taking evening classes, mostly devoted to sculpture, at the "National School of Decorative Arts". When he first turned to painting, he found his inspiration in the Barbizon School, to which he was introduced by Antonio Cortés [es], a local artist, originally from Spain, who had studied with Constant Troyon. Later, he became acquainted with the xylographers, Maximilien Luce and Émile-Gustave Cavallo-Péduzzi, after which he produced posters from lithographs and woodcuts.
In 1885, he considered his artistic development to be complete; as reflected in a lengthy letter to Émile Zola, with whom he had long corresponded. He also made an extended stay in Brittany. In June 1890, Gausson was mentioned in a letter from Theo van Gogh to his brother Vincent in connection with a proposed exchange of paintings which was completed after Vincent's death.
Ever desiring something new, he slowly turned to Synthetism and, from 1889 to 1894, simplified his paintings and brightened his colors. During that period, he participated in avant-garde exhibitions; notably with "Les XX" in Brussels, the association "Pour l'art [fr]" in Antwerp and in Paris at Le Barc de Boutteville and the "Salon des Cent". Some of his poster designs were reproduced in the magazine Les Maîtres de l'Affiche.
He also had a connection with the Symbolist movement; corresponding with several noted writers. Later, he would provide illustrations for works by the poet, Adolphe Retté [fr], and Gustave Kahn provided commentary for the catalog of Gausson's 1896 exhibition at the Galerie Laffitte. Gausson himself wrote a book of short stories, Histoires vertigineuses (Giddy Stories), but it was not very successful. In 1900, he was named an officer of the Académie des Beaux-Arts for his work on a monument to the builder, Charles Colinet [fr] at Fontainebleau.
Despite his successes, he continued to have financial difficulties. In an effort to alleviate them, he took a position with the French Colonial Administration and was posted to Guinea in 1901, where he spent eight years.
Upon returning to France, he settled in Paris. Having no children, he often visited his nephew, who had a small shop in Lagny-sur-Marne. He was there when the German Army occupied Paris in 1940, and remained until his death.

## Selected paintings

* Trees on the Banks of the Quai de la Gourdine
* Undergrowth
* The Roofs
* Hangar with a Thatched Roof
* A later self-portrait
# Warm Ride

"Warm Ride" is a song written by Barry, Robin and Maurice Gibb, and recorded by the Bee Gees and during the 1977 Saturday Night Fever sessions in France. The Bee Gees original, if unfinished, recording remained unreleased until 2007 when it was mixed and included on a reissue of Bee Gees Greatest. The song was an outtake from the soundtrack.

## Personnel

* Barry Gibb – lead vocals, guitar
* Robin Gibb – vocals
* Maurice Gibb – vocals, bass
* Blue Weaver – keyboards, synthesiser, piano
* Dennis Bryon – drums
* Joe Lala – percussion

## Cover versions

* The song was recorded by Rare Earth, for whom it was originally written by the Bee Gees. The song reached number 39 on the US Hot 100, and number 68 on the Australian charts.
* Graham Bonnet's version was released as a single and reached number 2 in Australia in August 1978.
* Andy Gibb's version of the song was recorded in 1979 and released in 1980 on his last studio album, After Dark. It was the last song recorded for the album with backing vocals done by older brother Barry Gibb.
# Chavand, Rajasthan

Chawand (also spelt Chavand) is a town in Sarada tehsil of Udaipur district, Rajasthan. The historical significance of the town is that it was the last capital of Mewar under the reign of Maharana Pratap.
After the battle of Haldighati, Maharana Pratap captured this area from the Rathors and established his new capital at Chawand in 1585 CE. Maharana Pratap built Chamunda Devi temple here. He built about 16 hideouts within the radius of 10 km to 1 km around his capital to look after the administration. Many secret army stores, palaces, temples and buildings for his loyal Bhils were also constructed here. During a hunting accident, he died on 29 January 1597 in Chawand. A fine statue of Maharana Pratap and his four aide has been built in the memory of Maharana Pratap. A ruined palace once occupied by Maharana Pratap is located in Chawand. and Kuldeep Singh Shaktawat Mewar also belongs to Chawand
# Timofey Skopin

Timofey Skopin (born 5 April 1989) is a Russian speed skater. He competed in the men's 500 metres event at the 2010 Winter Olympics.
# Shchekino

Shchekino (Russian: Щёкино), also romanized Shchyokino, is a town and the administrative center of Shchyokinsky District in Tula Oblast, Russia, located on the Moscow—Simferopol highway (M2), 25 kilometers (16 mi) south of Tula, the administrative center of the oblast. Population: 58,139 (2010 Census); 61,588 (2002 Census); 69,251 (1989 Soviet census); 72,000 (1977).

## History

It was founded in 1871 in connection with the development of brown coal deposits and soon supplanted Krapivna as the main settlement in the district. It was granted town status in 1938.

## Administrative and municipal status

Within the framework of administrative divisions, Shchekino serves as the administrative center of Shchyokinsky District. As an administrative division, it is incorporated within Shchyokinsky District as Shchekino Town Under District Jurisdiction. As a municipal division, Shchekino Town Under District Jurisdiction is incorporated within Shchyokinsky Municipal District as Shchekino Urban Settlement.

## Notable people

* Daria Abramova (born 1990) amateur boxer (2019 European Games featherweight women's bronze medalist)
# 3.6m Devasthal Optical Telescope

The 3.6m Devasthal (Hindi: देवस्थल) Optical Telescope is a clear-aperture Ritchey–Chrétien telescope built by Aryabhatta Research Institute of Observational Sciences (ARIES) and is located at the Devasthal Observatory site near Nainital, Kumaon, India. ARIES operates another 1.3m telescope at the same location. The telescope was activated remotely on 31 March 2016 by Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi and Belgian Prime Minister Charles Michel from Brussels. The telescope optics were built in collaboration with the Belgian firm Advanced Mechanical and Optical System (AMOS).
The 3.6m DOT is currently the largest reflecting telescope in Asia. The telescope intends to fill a large longitudinal gap in the 4m class of telescopes in the Asia region. The telescope features an optical spectrograph, a CCD imager and a near-infrared spectrograph. The telescope is also the first of its kind in India that features an active optics system, featuring a wavefront sensor and pneumatic actuators which compensates for small distortions in the shape of the 4.3 tonne mirror due to gravity or atmospheric aberrations.
# Tiranny

Tiranny (from Irish Tuath Threana, meaning 'territory of Trena') is a barony in County Armagh, Northern Ireland. It lies on the western boundary of the county, bordering County Tyrone to its west and County Monaghan in the Republic of Ireland to its south. It is bordered by three other baronies in Northern Ireland: Dungannon Lower and Dungannon Upper to the north-west; and Armagh to the east. It also borders two baronies in the Republic of Ireland; Cremorne to the south and Trough to the west.

## Etymology

The name Tiranny is a softened form of Toughranie, an anglicisation of Tuath Threana. The form Tiranny was created by the Ordnance Survey and led to the incorrect conjecture by some such as John O'Donovan that the first element of the name derived from the Irish word tír, meaning "country".
Older phonetic forms of Tuatha Threna included Toaghrany, Toyghrayny, Toaghraine, Toaghranye, Towrany, Tuterany, Toghrany, Toorany, Turrany, and Torany, all of which are found in records from the early seventeenth century.
The second element Threna is derived from the Uí Threna (English: descendants of Trena), the name of a tribe that settled on the western boundaries of modern County Armagh, where the barony of Tiranny is located. In various Elizabethan maps of Ulster, they are recorded in the anglicised forms of O'Traney, O'Trany, Outraine, and Traney, before the term Tuath Threana was used.

## History

The Uí Threna were descended from Trena, the great-grandson of Colla Fo Chrí, one of the Three Collas, and where part of the over-kingdom of Airgíalla.
In the north-east of Tiranny, south of the River Blackwater there was a sub-territory called Clanaul, the original name of the parish of Eglish. The name is preserved in the form Glenaul which was used as the name for the local district electoral division of the former Armagh Poor Law Union. The name derives from the Irish Cluain Dabhail, which means "meadow of Dabhal", noted as the ancient name of the River Blackwater. Clanaul is also recorded as Clandavle, and in the Tynan Charter of 1455 as Clondowyll.
To the east of Tiranny lay the territory of Tuath Echach (English: territory of Aughy), anglicised as Tooaghy, now the barony of Armagh. It takes its name from the Uí Echach (English: tribe of Aughy), whose ancestor Echach was the brother of Trena the ancestor of the Uí Threna. They are also recorded as the Uí Eochaidh.

## List of settlements

Below is a list of settlements in Tiranny:
* Middletown
* Tynan

## List of civil parishes

Below is a list of civil parishes in Tiranny:
* Eglish (split with barony of Armagh)
* Derrynoose (also partly in barony of Armagh)
* Keady (also partly in barony of Armagh)
* Tynan (also partly in barony of Armagh)