OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Wagria

Wagria (German: Wagrien, Waierland or Wagerland) is the northeastern part of Holstein in the German state of Schleswig-Holstein, corresponding roughly to the districts of Plön and Ostholstein. The word "Wagria" is derived from the Slavic Lechites tribe of Wagri.

## Geography

In the Middle Ages, and as still shown on early modern maps, Wagria was bordered on the north and east by the Baltic Sea from the Kiel Fjord to Lübeck Bay, and inland by the rivers Schwentine and Trave. Today, Wagria generally refers just to the Oldenburg Peninsula (Oldenburgische Halbinsel) in Ostholstein.
The highest elevation in the peninsula is the Bungsberg at 168 metres.

## History

The Lechitic (Slavic) root of the name, Wagria, meant not only the so-called, present-day Wagrian peninsula, but the entire region between the Kiel Fjord, the middle reaches of the Trave, and the lower course of the river; a region with this name emerged at least as early as the 8th century. Wagria Castle occupied a central location in Oldenburg in Holstein (then called Starigard, or "Old Castle"); its ramparts still exist. Important settlements in Wagria were Oldenburg, Old-Lübeck (Liubice), and Plön (Plune).
In 1143, according to the vivid account by contemporary chronicler, Helmold of Bosau, Count Adolf II of Schauenburg and Holstein introduced German settlers, not only from his own territories of Holstein and Stormarn, but also from Westphalia and Holland, in order to develop the land of Wagria into a highly-profitable region as part of the German eastward expansion in the High Middle Ages:
    "Then a countless number of people from different tribes left, took their families and possessions with them and went with Count Adolf in Wagria to take possession of their promised land. Initially, those from Holsten were given the most sheltered area west of Segeberg, on the River Trave, on the Schwentine flood plain and everything from the Schwale to the Grimmelsberg and Lake Ploen. The country around Dargun was settled by the Westphalians, the Eutin area by the Dutch and Suesel by the Frisians. The Plön area remained uninhabited however. He allowed Oldenburg, Lütjenburg and other coastal areas be colonised by the Slavs, who had to pay taxes to him."
The local Slavs were thus also involved in this expansion or development.
# Mervilla

Mervilla (French pronunciation:; Occitan: Mervilar) is a commune in the Haute-Garonne department in southwestern France.
# Bélesta, Ariège

Bélesta (French pronunciation: ; Occitan: Belestar) is a commune, situated on the Hers-Vif river in the Ariège department of southwestern France.

## History

Situated in the valley of the Hers-Vif, Bélesta is known for its fir tree forest, which was a former royal forest whose wood was used to construct the mast of ships. 1 km upstream from the village is a spring, created by a significant surge of water from the Karst Plateau de Sault.
# Aloe namibensis

Aloe namibensis is a species of plant in the genus Aloe, endemic to Namibia, naturally habitating rocky areas lessened by habitat loss.
# Biladi SC

Biladi Sport Club (Arabic: نادي بلادي الرياضي), is an Iraqi football team based in Baghdad, that plays in the Iraqi Second Division League.

## Managerial history

* Saeed Hameed
* Mahmoud Shaker Sheheet
# Hamvar-e Kulivand

Hamvar-e Kulivand (Persian: همواركوليوند, also Romanized as Hamvār-e Kūlīvand and Hamvar-e Kūlīvand) is a village in Honam Rural District, in the Central District of Selseleh County, Lorestan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 59, in 19 families.
# Okorafor

Okorafor is a Nigerian surname. Notable people with it include:
* Chukwuma Okorafor (born 1997), Nigerian football player
* Nnedi Okorafor (born 1974), Nigerian-American writer
* Unoma Ndili Okorafor (born 1974), Nigerian computer scientist and entrepreneur
# Lamarque-Pontacq

Lamarque-Pontacq (French pronunciation:; Occitan: Era Marca) is a commune in the Hautes-Pyrénées department in south-western France.
# Patiala School for the Blind

Patiala School for the Blind is a special school for blind children in Patiala city of Panjab. Society for Welfare of the Handicapped started the school in 1967.
The school charges no fees from the students and server from pre-nursery to 12th class. This and Patiala School for the Deaf together have 200 children of which 140 are the deaf and 60 are the blind. Hostel facility is also provided free of cost and currently, 180 students are staying in the hostel. The school also provides uniforms, stationery, meals and others free of cost.
# Don McKenzie (Canadian football)

Donald William "Shanty" MacKenzie, Sr. (c. 1920 – May 2001) was a Canadian football player who played for the Toronto Argonauts. He won the Grey Cup with them in 1950 and 1952. He attended Western Technical-Commercial School in Toronto's west end. He was a veteran of World War II. MacKenzie was later the building superintendent of Maple Leaf Gardens, a position he held for 40 years. He died in 2001.
# Bara Tehsil

Bara Tehsil (Urdu: باڑہ) is a subdivision located in Khyber District, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.

## Geography
### Adjacent administrative units

* Nazyan District, Nangarhar Province, Afghanistan (north)
* Landi Kotal Tehsil (north)
* Jamrud Tehsil (northeast)
* Peshawar Tehsil, Peshawar District, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (east)
* Frontier Region Kohat (southeast)
* Lower Orakzai Tehsil, Orakzai Agency (south)
* Central Orakzai Tehsil, Orakzai Agency (south)
* Upper Orakzai Tehsil, Orakzai Agency (southwest)
* Central Kurram Tehsil, Kurram Agency (west)
* Haska Meyna District, Nangarhar Province, Afghanistan (northwest)
* Achin District, Nangarhar Province, Afghanistan (northwest)

## Demographics

Bara Tehsil has a population of 444,403 and has 51,869 households according to the 2017 census.

## Education

There are about 400 schools and colleges in Bara Tehsil. A total of 102 schools have been destroyed during a ten-year-long period of militancy in the region, and around 64,000 students have abandoned education.

## Transportation

Bara Tehsil is linked to Peshawar by the Peshawar-Bara road. Peshawar-Bara road was closed from 2009 to 2013 in an operation to contain growing militancy.
# Sinan ibn Thabit

Abū Saʿīd Sinān ibn Thābit ibn Qurra (Arabic: أبو سعيد سنان بن ثابت بن قرة), c. 880–943, was a medieval scholar who served as the court physician of the Abbasid caliphs al-Muqtadir (r. 908–934), al-Qahir (r. 932–934), and al-Radi (r. 934–940).
As the son of Thabit ibn Qurra (c. 830–901) and the father of Ibrahim ibn Sinan (908–946), Sinan belonged to an illustrious family of astronomers and mathematicians who hailed from the Upper-Mesopotamian city of Harran and who worked at the Abbasid court in Baghdad. He and his family belonged to a religious sect of star worshippers known as the Sabians of Harran, though Sinan was forced to convert to Islam during al-Qahir's brief reign (932–934), in which the Abbasid caliph persecuted the Sabians and eventually forced Sinan to flee to Khurasan for a short period. It appears that his children remained Sabian: his sons Ibrahim ibn Sinan and Thabit ibn Sinan (died 976) both remained Sabian, while one his daughters married into another Sabian family, giving birth to Ibrahim ibn Hilal al-Sabi' (925–994), who also resisted multiple attempts to convert him from his ancestral faith.
Although Sinan ibn Thabit was primarily known as a physician, having built several hospitals in Baghdad and having overseen a licensing system for physicians, he apparently did not write anything on medicine. His works, which dealt with political philosophy, mathematics, and astronomy, are all lost except for a short treatise on moral philosophy called Siyāsat al-nufūs ("On Governing Souls"). His work on political philosophy, which was inspired by Plato's Republic, was criticized by the historian al-Mas'udi (died 956).
# Mecodema validum

Mecodema validum is a large-bodied ground beetle endemic to New Zealand. It is geographically widespread, ranging from Mt. Te Aroha in the north to the Ruahine Ranges in the south, with Ohakune as its type locality. This species belongs to the spiniferum group, and there is some variability in external morphological characteristics across its distribution. However, the structure of the male genitalia remains constant, with only slight variation observed in the easternmost population in northern Hawke's Bay.
# Sergei Tarasov (biathlete)

Sergei Petrovich Tarasov (Russian: Сергей Петрович Тарасов; born 15 February 1965) is a former Russian biathlete. In the 1990s, he was one of the dominating biathletes, winning four Olympic medals and seven World Championship medals over the course of his career.

## Albertville incident

During the 1992 Winter Olympics in Albertville, France, Tarasov became acutely ill and had to be taken to the hospital. Rumours about the cause of his grave medical condition soon started floating around the Olympic village, and was also reported in the press, but the Russian team leaders said he'd suffered kidney failure from eating poisonous mushrooms. Many years later, in 2015, Tarasov gave an interview where he confirmed what many had thought in 1992, his kidney failure was caused by a botched blood transfusion. He'd either gotten someone else's blood, or the blood had not been properly refrigerated during storage. The blood transfusion at the Olympics was done by the team to illegally enhance his performance in the upcoming competitions, but nearly cost him his life.

## Biathlon results

All results are sourced from the International Biathlon Union.

### Olympic Games

4 medals (1 gold, 1 silver, 2 bronze)
| Event | Individual | Sprint | Relay |
| 1994 Lillehammer | Gold | Bronze | Silver |
| 1998 Nagano | 15th | 22nd | Bronze |

### World Championships

9 medals (2 gold, 5 silver, 2 bronze)
| Event | Individual | Sprint | Pursuit | Team | Relay |
| 1991 Lahti | 10th | 10th | — | Bronze | Silver |
| 1993 Borovets | Silver | Bronze | — | — | Silver |
| 1994 Canmore | — | — | — | Silver | — |
| 1996 Ruhpolding | Gold | 9th | — | — | Gold |
| 1997 Brezno-Osrblie | 30th | 5th | Silver | 15th | 8th |
    *During Olympic seasons competitions are only held for those events not included in the Olympic program.
    **Pursuit was added as an event in 1997.

### Individual victories

4 victories (3 In, 1 Sp)
| Season | Date | Location | Discipline | Level |
| 1990–91 1 victory (1 Sp) | 19 January 1991 | Ruhpolding | 10 km sprint | Biathlon World Cup |
| 1993–94 2 victories (2 In) | 9 December 1993 | Bad Gastein | 20 km individual | Biathlon World Cup |
| 1993–94 2 victories (2 In) | 20 February 1994 | Lillehammer | 20 km individual | Winter Olympic Games |
| 1995–96 1 victory (1 In) | 4 February 1996 | Ruhpolding | 20 km individual | Biathlon World Championships |
    *Results are from UIPMB and IBU races which include the Biathlon World Cup, Biathlon World Championships and the Winter Olympic Games.
# Pirogovo, Belgorod Oblast

Pirogovo (Russian: Пирогово) is a rural locality (a selo) in Alexeyevsky District, Belgorod Oblast, Russia. The population was 189 as of 2010. There are 4 streets.

## Geography

Pirogovo is located 27 km east of Alexeyevka (the district's administrative centre) by road. Vorobyovo is the nearest rural locality.
# Kudžioniai

Kudžioniai (formerly Russian: Кудзины, Polish: Kudziany) is a village in Kėdainiai district municipality, in Kaunas County, in central Lithuania. According to the 2011 census, it had a population of 1 person. It is 1 kilometre (0.62 mi) from Nociūnai, by the Šerkšnys river and the Jonava-Šeduva (KK144) road.

## Demography

| Year | Pop. | ±% p.a. |
| 1902 | 126 | — |
| 1923 | 142 | +0.57% |
| 1959 | 121 | −0.44% |
| 1970 | 54 | −7.07% |
| Year | Pop. | ±% p.a. |
| 1979 | 13 | −14.63% |
| 1989 | 4 | −11.12% |
| 2001 | 5 | +1.88% |
| 2011 | 1 | −14.87% |
Source: 1902, 1923, 1959 & 1970, 1979, 1989, 2001, 2011 :
# Lège

Lège (French pronunciation:; Occitan: Leja) is a commune in the Haute-Garonne department in southwestern France.
# Norio Torimoto

Norio Torimoto (Japanese: 鳥本 範雄, born 1948 in Japan) is one of the best-known representatives of origami art. Since 1971, he has been represented in museums, exhibitions and participated in other events where Japanese culture has been the focus. Torimoto now lives in Sweden.

## Recognition

Torimoto was recognized for his art in 1991 at Nippon Origami Association World Exhibition. Torimoto was appointed Origami Master by Nippon Origami Association, one of nine in the world, on New Years Day, 2000. Torimoto has been involved in origami projects around the world in countries like the US, Hungary, China, Poland, Latvia, Italy, Germany and Sweden.

## Professional accomplishments

In 1987, Torimoto was commissioned to create an origami panda, symbol of World Wildlife Foundation (WWF). He had the honor to present the panda to his majesty, King Carl XVI Gustaf of Sweden.
Extremely interested in mathematics, Torimoto lectures at The Royal Institute of Technology in Stockholm, several universities in Japan, Denmark, and the UK, with topics like “Origami – Geometric solution as visual tactile perception”. Torimoto also spends his days teaching both teachers and young kids advanced mathematics through his origami.
He designed the covert art for 2009 Eniro telephone catalogs in Sweden. Among his origami creations you will find figures like Pippi Longstocking, Björn Borg, Boris Yeltsin, Olof Palme, as well as the former Swedish Prime Minister Göran Persson.
With Yukiko Duke, he coauthored Origami: a complete step-by-step guide to making animals, flowers, planes, boats, and more, Skyhorse Publishing 2012 ISBN 978-1616085766.
# Venyovsky District

Venyovsky District (Russian: Венёвский райо́н) is an administrative district (raion), one of the twenty-three in Tula Oblast, Russia. Within the framework of municipal divisions, it is incorporated as Venyovsky Municipal District. It is located in the northeast of the oblast. The area of the district is 1,620 square kilometers (630 sq mi). Its administrative center is the town of Venyov. Population: 33,940 (2010 Census); 37,612 (2002 Census); 38,527 (1989 Soviet census). The population of Venyov accounts for 44.9% of the district's total population.
# 2002 Kalehe earthquake

The 2002 Kalehe earthquake occurred on October 24 at 06:08 UTC. This earthquake had a magnitude M$_w$ 6.2, and the epicenter was located in Democratic Republic of the Congo, near Lake Kivu. Two people were reported dead. Building damage was reported in Goma, Lwiro, Kalehe, and Mugeri. The seismicity, volcanism, and uplift in the basin of Lake Kivu delimits the rift of a tectonic plate. Lake Kivu belongs to the western branch of the East African Rift System (EARS). The western branch is usually divided into several segments, and Lake Kivu belongs to the northern segment.

## Tectonic setting

Lake Kivu is formed in an active rift basin that is part of the western branch of the East African Rift System. The basin is a half-graben, with the main controlling fault on the western side. The other margin is mainly unfaulted and flexural in type. The active extension is WNW–ESE trending, perpendicular to the main border fault. The displacement rate across this part of the EARS rift system is in the range 3–5 mm per year. Most earthquakes in the rift system are normal in type.

## Earthquake

The earthquake had a focal mechanism consistent with normal faulting and a hypocentral depth of 11.0 km. These observations have been combined with the analysis of InSAR data and the known geology of the area to conclude that the earthquake was a result of movement on one of the east-dipping rift border faults.
The earthquake was preceded by an eruption in the Nyiragongo volcanic area to the north of Lake Kivu, in January 2002. This is interpreted to be a diking event. Analysis of the effect of the diking on the stress field to the south suggests that faulting like that seen in the earthquake may have been promoted by this event.
# Silambu

Silambu (Tamil: சிலம்பு; Malayalam: ചിലമ്പ് /cil’əmpɨ̆/), or Gaggara (Tulu: ಗಗ್ಗರ), is an anklet worn and used in a variety of contexts on the Indian subcontinent.

## Etymology

According to Jeyaraj, the word 'silambu' is derived from the verb 'silambal', meaning 'to make sound'.

## Description

The silambu is a hollow anklet filled with beads that produce noise when the wearer moves or dances. It may be worn on the ankle or the leg. When worn on the leg, it is termed kālchilambu in Tamil.
Some varieties of silambu are made of copper and use iron balls to produce sound. Others are made of silver.

## Importance
### In dance

Nautch performers wore silambu. Kandyan dancers may wear silambu.

### In art and literature

Shiva in his dancing pose nataraja sometimes wears a silambu on his ankle.
The epic Silappatikaram is structured around the character Kannaki's attempt to sell her silambu, and takes its title from the name of the anklet.

### In religion and rituals

Silambu are sometimes placed on cows' legs during the Pongal festival. In Tamil Nadu, a traditional dance called kai silambu aatam is performed in temples during Amman festivals in which the dancers wear or hold silambus in their hands, which make noise when shaken.
Silambu is also used in ritual dance performances of southern India, such as the Theyyam of Malabar region and the Buta Kola of Tulu Nadu region.
# Neckarbischofsheim

Neckarbischofsheim (German pronunciation:) is a town in the district of Rhein-Neckar-Kreis, in Baden-Württemberg, Germany. It is situated 8 km northeast of Sinsheim, and 24 km southeast of Heidelberg.

## Mayors

* 1949–1974: Albert Kumpf
* 1974–1990: Günter Burkhardt
* 1990–2004: Rolf Geinert (SPD)
* 2004–2012: Hans-Joachim Vogt
* 2012–2020: Tanja Grether
* Since 2020: Thomas Seidelmann

## Notable people

* Karl Mayer (1786–1870), jurist and poet
* Louis Mayer (painter) (1791–1843), landscape painter
* Axel Schock (born 1965), journalist and author
* Ludwig Jesselson (born 1910), philanthropist and businessman
# Lilyana Vaseva

Lilyana Vaseva (Bulgarian: Лиляна Васева, born 12 August 1955) is a Bulgarian rower who competed in the 1976 Summer Olympics.
In 1976 she was a crew member of the Bulgarian boat which won the silver medal in the coxed fours event.
# Pisz County

Pisz County (Polish: powiat piski) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, northern Poland. It came into being on 1 January 1999 as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and largest town is Pisz, which lies 88 kilometres (55 mi) east of the regional capital Olsztyn. The county contains three other towns: Orzysz, 24 km (15 mi) north-east of Pisz, Ruciane-Nida, 17 km (11 mi) west of Pisz, and Biała Piska, 18 km (11 mi) east of Pisz.
The county covers an area of 1,776.17 square kilometres (685.8 sq mi). As of 2006 its total population is 57,553, out of which the population of Pisz is 19,332, that of Orzysz is 5,804, that of Ruciane-Nida is 4,894, that of Biała Piska is 4,006, and the rural population is 23,517.

## Neighbouring counties

Pisz County is bordered by Giżycko County to the north, Ełk County and Grajewo County to the east, Kolno County and Ostrołęka County to the south, Szczytno County to the west, and Mrągowo County to the north-west.

## Administrative division

The county is subdivided into four gminas (all urban-rural, centred on the four towns). These are listed in the following table, in descending order of population.
| Gmina | Type | Area (km$^2$) | Population (2006) | Seat |
| Gmina Pisz | urban-rural | 634.8 | 27,224 | Pisz |
| Gmina Biała Piska | urban-rural | 420.1 | 12,135 | Biała Piska |
| Gmina Orzysz | urban-rural | 363.5 | 9,567 | Orzysz |
| Gmina Ruciane-Nida | urban-rural | 357.7 | 8,627 | Ruciane-Nida |
# Grives

Grives (French pronunciation:; Occitan: Grivas) is a commune in the Dordogne department in Nouvelle-Aquitaine in southwestern France.
# Gagnac-sur-Cère

Gagnac-sur-Cère (French pronunciation:, literally Gagnac on Cère; Occitan: Ganhac) is a commune in the Lot department in south-western France.
# Kulotunga Cinkaiariyan

Kulotunga Cinkaiariyan (Tamil: குலோத்துங்க சிங்கையாரியன்) was the third of the Aryacakravarti kings of Jaffna Kingdom. Author of the book “Ancient Jaffna” C. Rasanayagam calculated that he has been ruled Jaffna from 1256 to 1279 (23 years). Yalpana Vaipava Malai says he followed his ancestor and promoted agriculture, and he converted waste land into agriculture land. Also the book added that during his rule the kingdom was peaceful and prosper.
# Yves Michaud (philosopher)

Yves Michaud (born 11 July 1944) is a French philosopher. As a student, he studied philosophy and science at École Normale Supérieure and the Sorbonne in Paris. His early research involved the study of political violence and empiricism, especially the works of John Locke and David Hume. He was Director of the École nationale supérieure des Beaux-Arts from 1989 to 1997. In 2000, Michaud partnered with Jean-Jacques Aillagon to establish the Université de tous les savoirs (University of all knowledge), a French government initiative to disseminate information on new scientific advances.
Michaud has published widely on the relationships of the arts and culture in a globalized, technological world. In 2007 Le Figaro published his article entitled "Ce nouveau fondamentalisme moral qui menace la société française".

## Works by Michaud

* Violence et politique, 1978
* Hume et la fin de la philosophie, 1983
* La Violence, PUF, coll. « Que sais-je ? », 1986
* Locke, 1986; réimpr. 1998
* Enseigner l'art ? : analyses et réflexions sur les écoles d'art, Nîmes, 1993
* La Crise de l'art contemporain, 1997
* Changements dans la violence : essai sur la bienveillance et sur la peur, 2002
* Précis de recomposition politique : des incivismes à la française et de quelques manières d'y remédier, Paris, Climats, 2002, réimpr. 2006
* L'Art à l'état gazeux : essai sur le triomphe de l'esthétique, 2003
* Université de tous les savoirs : le renouvellement de l'observation dans les sciences, 2004
* Chirac dans le texte, la parole et l'impuissance, 2004
* Humain, inhumain, trop humain : réflexions philosophiques sur les biotechnologies, la vie et la conservation de soi à partir de l'œuvre de Peter Sloterdijk, Paris, Climats, 2006
* L'artiste et les commissaires : quatre essais non pas sur l'art contemporain mais sur ceux qui s'en occupent, Paris, Hachette, 2007
* Qu'est-ce que le mérite ?, Bourin éditeur, 2009
* Ibiza mon amour; enquête sur l'industrialisation du plaisir, NiL editions, 2012
* Narcisse et ses avatars, Broché, 2014

## Prizes and decorations

* Chevalier de la Légion d'honneur
* Ordre des Arts et des Lettres