OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Oberdiebach

Oberdiebach is an Ortsgemeinde – a municipality belonging to a Verbandsgemeinde, a kind of collective municipality – in the Mainz-Bingen district in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany.

## Geography
### Location

Oberdiebach lies between Koblenz and Bad Kreuznach. The winegrowing centre belongs to the Verbandsgemeinde of Rhein-Nahe, whose seat is in Bingen am Rhein, although that town is not within its bounds. Since 2003, Oberdiebach has been part of the Rhine Gorge UNESCO World Heritage Site.

### Constituent communities

Oberdiebach's Ortsteile are Oberdiebach, Rheindiebach and Winzberg.

## History

In 893, Oberdiebach had its first documentary mention. In 1220, Fürstenberg Castle (Burg Fürstenberg) was built by the Elector of Cologne on the border with Electoral Mainz. In 1461, Rheindiebach (Dyepach Ryne) had its first documentary mention. In 1689, the French destroyed Fürstenberg Castle. In 1822, the men's singing club MGV “Eintracht” was founded and is today one of Rhineland-Palatinate's oldest singing clubs.

## Politics
### Municipal council

The council is made up of 13 council members, counting the part-time mayor, with seats apportioned thus:
| | Liste Krämer | Liste Stüber | CDU | Total |
| 2004 | 7 | 2 | 3 | 12 seats |
(as at municipal election held on 13 June 2004)

## Culture and sightseeing
### Buildings

In the constituent community of Oberdiebach stands Saint Maurice's Parish Church (Pfarrkirche St. Mauritius, 1414) with an altarpiece and an iron pulpit. In the constituent community of Rheindiebach stand the ruins of Fürstenberg Castle and the “Half Tower” (halber Turm), formerly part of the Gothic fortifications. Great parts of the fortifications had to give way in the latter half of the 20th century to expansions to Bundesstraße 9.

## Economy and infrastructure

Oberdiebach's economy is based on winegrowing. Tourism only plays s small part.

### Transport

Running right through the municipality is Bundesstraße 9, which links Mainz with Koblenz. The Rheinböllen interchange on the Autobahn A 61 lies roughly 11 km away. The nearest railway station is in Niederheimbach on the Mainz-Koblenz line.
# Hypsioma dejeanii

Hypsioma dejeanii is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by James Thomson in 1868. It is found in Brazil.
# Serafimovka

Serafimovka (Russian: Серафимовка) is a rural locality (a selo) in Tuymazinsky District, Bashkortostan, Russia. The population was 209 as of 2010. There are 3 streets.

## Geography

Serafimovka is located 25 km southeast of Tuymazy (the district's administrative centre) by road. Serafimovsky is the nearest rural locality.
# Responsible Autonomy

Responsible Autonomy (Italian: Autonomia Responsabile, AR) is a centrist to centre-right political party active in Friuli-Venezia Giulia, Italy.
The party was launched as a "civic list" in support of Renzo Tondo, incumbent President of The People of Freedom in the 2013 regional election. In the event, Tondo was defeated by Debora Serracchiani of the Democratic Party, but AR obtained 10.7% of the vote and four councillors. Others joined later on.
During 2014 AR was organised into a party, under the leadership of president Bruno Tellia, a university professor, and secretary Vanni Lenna, a former member of the Chamber of Deputies. Also, the party was officially joined by Tondo, who became floor leader, replacing Roberto Dipiazza. In 2016 Dipiazza was elected mayor of Trieste and the entire party's leadership was reshuffled: Tellia was replaced as president by Tondo, while Lenna was succeeded as secretary by Giulia Manzan.
In early 2017 AR was involved in the foundation of Direction Italy by the Conservatives and Reformists, but has since continued to be active autonomously. In the 2017 local elections the party obtained 6.0% in Gorizia.
In the 2018 general election Tondo was elected to the Chamber of Deputies, by defeating his old-time Democratic rival Riccardo Illy in the single-seat constituency of Trieste. In the subsequent 2018 regional elections the party obtained 4.0% and lost three of its four seats in the Regional Council.

## Leadership

* President: Bruno Tellia (2014–2016), Renzo Tondo (2016–present)
* Secretary: Vanni Lenna (2014–2016), Giulia Manzan (2016–present)
* Leader/representative in the Regional Council: Roberto Dipiazza (2013–2014), Renzo Tondo (2014–2018), Giuseppe Sibau (2018–present)
* Representative in the Chamber of Deputies: Renzo Tondo (2018–present)
# Baltic Sea Division

The Baltic Sea Division (German: Ostsee-Division) was a 10,000 man German military unit commanded by Rüdiger von der Goltz. The core of the division comprised two army brigades from the German Eastern Front: 95. Reserve Infantry Brigade (led by Colonel K. Wolff) and 2. Guards Cavalry Brigade (led by Colonel H. von Tschirsky und von Bögendorff). They were supported by additional artillery and pioneer troops, and transported to Finland by a naval squadron led by Hugo Meurer.
The military activity of the division in Finland served part of the foreign policy of the German Empire after the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk with Soviet Russia, signed on 3 March 1918. Germany aimed to establish a chain of satellite states in eastern Europe in order to provide raw materials for German industry and food products for the German people.
The Finnish Senate of Vaasa had requested German military aid for the Whites. The Finnish Senate paid all the financial costs of the military intervention of the Baltic Sea Division and urged the Finnish people to provide food, shelter, and any other aid needed by the Baltic Sea Division.
During the Finnish Civil War, on 3 April 1918, it landed at Hanko and moved towards Helsinki and Lahti. The Baltic Sea Division quickly took Helsinki from the Red Guards, who had previously deposed the official government in Helsinki. This enabled the Senate to return to Helsinki.
On 11 November 1918, the armistice ended World War I. Von der Goltz and his division left Helsinki on 16 December 1918.
# Lišany (Louny District)

Lišany (German: Lischan) is a municipality and village in Louny District in the Ústí nad Labem Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 200 inhabitants.
Lišany lies approximately 12 kilometres (7 mi) west of Louny, 45 km (28 mi) south-west of Ústí nad Labem, and 63 km (39 mi) north-west of Prague.
# Church of St Petka of the Saddlers

42°41′52.2″N 23°19′19.7″E﻿ / ﻿42.697833°N 23.322139°E﻿ / 42.697833; 23.322139
The Church of St Petka of the Saddlers (Bulgarian: Църква „Света Петка Самарджийска“) is a medieval Bulgarian Orthodox church in Sofia, the capital of Bulgaria.
It is a small one-naved building partially dug into the ground located in the very centre of both the modern and the antique city, in the TZUM underpass. The church features a semi-cylindrical vault, a hemispherical apse, and a crypt discovered during excavations after the Second World War. The walls are 1 m thick and made from brick and stone.
The church was first mentioned in the 16th century and was constructed at the place of a former Roman religious building. It is today a monument of culture known for its mural paintings from the 14th, 15th, 17th and 19th century depicting biblical scenes.
The church is dedicated to St Petka, an 11th-century Bulgarian saint. The Church of Saint Petka acquired its present name due to it being a patron of the saddlers in the Middle Ages, who performed their rituals in the church. The adjective samardzhiyski ("of the saddlers") was derived from the Ottoman Turkish word semerci, meaning "saddlemaker".
According to one theory, Bulgarian national hero Vasil Levski is buried in the church. Press reports from 1937 retelling the stories of those who carried out a reburial, which might have been for Levski and reports from the 1956 excavation speculating that bones found might have been those indicated by the 1937 press, led to the skeleton labeled "No. 95", being sent for professional examination. When Magdalina Stancheva museologist and head of the Archaeology Department at the Sofia Regional Historical Museum received the bones, she sent them to the laboratory run by Petîr Boev at the Archaeological Institute for examination. The bones were either destroyed by mice or lost. Nikolai Khaitov, a popular writer, accused Stancheva; archaeologists Georgi Dzhingov and Stamen Mikhailov; Krîstiu Miiatev, director of the Archaeological Institute; and Todor Pavlov, president of the National Academy of Bulgaria of participating in a conspiracy to prevent investigation into Levski's burial site and publicly accused Stancheva of mishandling the remains. Two commissions met over the controversy in the 1980s, and confirmed that there was no proof which could substantiate that the bones were Levski's, as the bones were missing.
# Jon Yarbrough

Jon Yarbrough (born 1956/1957) is an American billionaire, the founder of Video Gaming Technologies.

## Early life

Jon Yarbrough has a bachelor's degree from Tennessee Technological University. His first entrepreneurial experience was selling with Southwestern Advantage. An aficionado of foosball, he then purchased a foosball table and struck a deal with a bar in Cookeville, Tennessee (where Tennessee Tech is located): if they would store the table for him, he would split the proceeds earned from games played by the bar's clients.

## Career

In 1991, Yarbrough founded Video Gaming Technologies. In October 2014, he sold it to the Australian company Aristocrat Leisure for $1.28 billion.
As of September 2015, he had a net worth of US$1.7 billion. In 2020, he ranked No. 327 on the Forbes 400 list of America's richest people.

## Personal life

Yarbrough is married with two children and lives in Franklin, Tennessee.
# Bayrak, Sterlitamaksky District, Republic of Bashkortostan

Bayrak (Russian: Байрак; Bashkir: Байраҡ, Bayraq) is a rural locality (a village) in Otradovsky Selsoviet, Sterlitamaksky District, Bashkortostan, Russia. The population was 188 as of 2010. There are 13 streets.

## Geography

Bayrak is located 10 km southwest of Sterlitamak (the district's administrative centre) by road. Zagorodny is the nearest rural locality.
# Aiko Uemura

Aiko Uemura (上村 愛子, Uemura Aiko) is a Japanese freestyle skier. She participates in moguls and dual moguls.
Her family moved to Hakuba town, Nagano Prefecture, Japan in 1986. She graduated from Hakuba High School in 1998, and works for the Kitano Construction Corporation in Nagano city, Japan.
She is the first Japanese woman to win the 2007–08 World Cup in moguls, and also won two gold medals at FIS Freestyle World Ski Championships 2009. She took part in the Winter Olympic Games in 1998, 2002, 2006, 2010, and 2014.
In June 2009, she married alpine skier Kentaro Minagawa.
At the 2014 Sochi Olympics, she was beaten for bronze by Hannah Kearney, the previous Olympic champion.
# Amitovo

Amitovo (Russian: Амитово; Bashkir: Әмит, Ämit) is a rural locality (a village) in Turbaslinsky Selsoviet, Iglinsky District, Bashkortostan, Russia. The population was 37 as of 2010. There is 1 street.

## Geography

Amitovo is located 40 km southwest of Iglino (the district's administrative centre) by road. Postupalovo is the nearest rural locality.
# Werner Schneeberger

Werner Schneeberger was a Swiss sports shooter. He competed at the 1920 Summer Olympics winning two bronze medals.
# Valsugana

The Valsugana (Italian: Valsugana, German: Suganertal) or Sugana Valley is one of the most important valleys in the autonomous province of Trentino in Northern Italy. Leading into the Alps' foothills, an important main north-south Roman road, the Via Claudia Augusta, one of Europe's main roads since its construction in Antiquity, winds along the valley and connects the Adriatic with the historic Holy Roman Empire and Frankish kingdom's centre of Augsburg.
The sturdy construction of this long-distance road running through the valley has made it historically one of the most important north-south European transit lanes because the route from the Veneto region to points near and beyond the famed Brenner pass is significantly shorter than proceeding Venice to Verona to Brenner. Henry II used the road to bypass a position blocked by a rival allowing him to gain the throne of the Holy Roman Empire.
The Valle dei Mocheni is also of historic interest as it has remained a German-speaking enclave in modern Italy to this day. This came about as during the High Middle Ages while the region was ruled by the Holy Roman Empire (many Emperors were also Kings of Italy) many German-speaking farmers and miners settled into the region.
The western part of the valley nearest Trento is an extensive tourist area which began as a health spa during the late 19th century when the Levico Terme baths were established and became popular with the upper classes. This parallels the history of what became modern vacations and resort towns in much of the world (compare St Moritz, Mineral Wells, and Steamboat Springs), the situation in the valley being enhanced perhaps by the easy access both north and south given it by the sturdy Roman road, when roads were usually just dirt tracks with deep ruts and large puddles. Otherwise the scenery is marked by vineyards and orchards and groves of edible horse-chestnuts.
Nearby Lake Caldonazzo, and the village of Caldonazzo, is a further international tourist center located just south of the Dolomite Mountains, a southern foothill range of the higher Alps just to the North.
Together, Caldonazzo Lake and the Dolomites create one of the most beautiful regions of northern Italy and harbor a host of outdoor sporting activities, such as climbing, hiking, mountain biking, power boating, sailing, and windsurfing to name just a few.
46°03′N 11°27′E﻿ / ﻿46.050°N 11.450°E﻿ / 46.050; 11.450
* This Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol location article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
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# Paul Daniels (rower)

Paul N. Daniels (born June 4, 1981 in Burlington, Wisconsin) is an American rower. He studied at the University of Wisconsin and then in 2005 come to the UK to study an MSc Nature, Society & Env. Policy at St Anne's College in the University of Oxford. He is a former member of Oxford University Boat Club (rowing in the 2005 boat race) and St Anne's Boat Club.
Daniels is an actuary working for Blenheim Capital Management. He has worked at Blenheim for some time and was previously an analyst at Blenheim.
# Valery Afanasyev

Valery Afanasyev (25 January 1945 – September 2022) was a Soviet sailor. He competed in the 1968 Summer Olympics.
# Chamber of Deputies (Kingdom of Italy)

The Chamber of Deputies of the Kingdom of Italy (Italian: Camera dei deputati del Regno d'Italia) was the main legislative body of the Kingdom of Italy descended from the lower house of the Kingdom of Sardinia, but supplemented with deputies from territories captured during the Second Italian War of Independence and the Expedition of the Thousand. Along with the Senate of the Kingdom of Italy, it formed the Parliament of the Kingdom of Italy from 1861 until 1939.

## History

Its electors were initially selected by wealth and then by literacy, before the introduction of universal suffrage for all men over 21 in 1919. It was elected using a system that was based on both majorities and proportionality.
It was based in the Palazzo Carignano in Turin (1861–1865), the Palazzo Vecchio in Florence (1865–1871), and finally the Palazzo Montecitorio (1871–1939). It was formed at the same time as the Kingdom of Italy in 1861, though its first sitting is known as the 8th Legislature of the Kingdom of Italy, since the 1st to 7th Legislatures are those of the Kingdom of Sardinia.
Its last sitting was the 29th Legislature of the Kingdom of Italy, which ended in 1939 when the Chamber voted to dissolve itself and replace itself with the Chamber of Fasces and Corporations.
# Pir Ali Deh

Pir Ali Deh (Persian: پيرعلي ده, also Romanized as Pīr ‘Alī Deh) is a village in Hajji Bekandeh-ye Koshk-e Bijar Rural District, Khoshk-e Bijar District, Rasht County, Gilan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 604, in 161 families.
# Kamangar Kola, Amol

Kamangar Kola (Persian: كمانگركلا) is a village in Harazpey-ye Jonubi Rural District of the Central District of Amol County, Mazandaran province, Iran.

## Demographics
### Population

At the time of the 2006 National Census, the village's population was 1,293 in 307 households. The following census in 2011 counted 1,215 people in 364 households. The 2016 census measured the population of the village as 1,615 people in 537 households. It was the most populous village in its rural district.

## Overview

Kamangar Kola is small town, with many amenities including a health center and a hospital, three bakeries, two cemeteries, a football field, and a volleyball court, 15 supermarkets, three butchers, four taxis, and eight rivers inside the village. There are 450 hectares of agricultural land, 16 livestock breeding cattle, sheep, horses, and 8 breeding poultry broiler and laying hens, two large mosques and sacred sites.
# Gamma Corvi

Gamma Corvi (γ Corvi, abbreviated Gamma Crv, γ Crv) is a binary star and the brightest star in the southern constellation of Corvus, having an apparent visual magnitude of 2.59. The system's two components are designated Gamma Corvi A (officially named Gienah /ˈdʒiːnə/, traditionally the name of the system) and Gamma Corvi B, whose magnitude is 9.7 and which is 1.1 arcseconds away from Gamma Corvi A. The distance to this system has been measured directly using the parallax technique, yielding an estimated 154 light-years (47 parsecs) from the Sun.

## Nomenclature

γ Corvi (Latinised to Gamma Corvi) is the system's Bayer designation. The designation of the components – Gamma Corvi A and B – derives from the convention used by the Washington Multiplicity Catalog (WMC) for multiple star systems, and adopted by the International Astronomical Union (IAU).
Gamma Corvi bore the traditional name of Gienah derived from Arabic, from Ulugh Beg's الجناح الغراب اليمن al-janāħ al-ghirāb al-yaman, meaning "the right wing of the crow", although on modern charts it marks the left wing. The star Epsilon Cygni also bore this traditional name and Gamma Corvi was referred to as Gienah Corvi or Gienah Ghurab to distinguish it from this star in Cygnus.
In 2016, the International Astronomical Union organized a Working Group on Star Names (WGSN) to catalogue and standardize proper names for stars. The WGSN decided to attribute proper names to individual stars rather than entire multiple systems. It approved the name Gienah for the component Gamma Corvi A on 6 November 2016 and Aljanah for Epsilon Cygni Aa on 30 June 2017. They are both now so included in the List of IAU-approved Star Names.
Al-janāħ al-ghirāb al-yaman or Djenah al Ghyrab al Eymen appeared in the catalog of stars in the Calendarium of Al Achsasi Al Mouakket, which was translated into Latin as Dextra ala Corvi.
In Chinese, 軫宿 (Zhěn Sù), meaning Chariot (asterism), refers to an asterism consisting of Gamma Corvi, Epsilon Corvi, Delta Corvi and Beta Corvi. Consequently, Gamma Corvi itself is known as 軫宿一 (Zhěn Sù yī, English: the First Star of Chariot).

## Properties

Gamma Corvi A is a giant star with a stellar classification of B8 III and has approximately 4.2 times the mass of the Sun and 4.1 times the radius of the Sun. It has an effective temperature of 12,000 K, two times hotter than the Sun, giving it the typical blue-white hue of late B-type stars. The spectrum of this star displays an anomalously higher than normal abundance of the elements mercury and manganese, making this a Mercury-manganese star. However, there are other elements that show large over or under abundances. This chemical peculiarity in an otherwise stable stellar atmosphere is most likely caused by separation of the elements through diffusion and gravitational settling.
It has a confirmed stellar companion with a mass of about 0.8 times the Sun's, which may be orbiting at a separation of around 50 AU over a 158-year period. The photometry for Gamma Corvi B suggests a stellar classification in the range K5–M5 V.
# Pierre Allard

Pierre Allard (born August 19, 1972) is a former professional ice hockey player.
Allard represented France in the 1998 Winter Olympics.
# Edupunk

Edupunk is a do it yourself (DIY) attitude to teaching and learning practices. Tom Kuntz described edupunk as "an approach to teaching that avoids mainstream tools like PowerPoint and Blackboard, and instead aims to bring the rebellious attitude and DIY ethos of ’70s bands like The Clash to the classroom." Many instructional applications can be described as DIY education or edupunk.
The term was first used on May 25, 2008, by Jim Groom in his blog, and covered less than a week later in the Chronicle of Higher Education. Stephen Downes, an online education theorist and an editor for the International Journal of Instructional Technology and Distance Learning, noted that "the concept of edupunk has totally caught wind, spreading through the blogosphere like wildfire".

## Aspects

Edupunk has risen from an objection to the efforts of government and corporate interests in reframing and bundling emerging technologies into cookie-cutter products with pre-defined application—somewhat similar to traditional punk ideologies.
The reaction to corporate influence on education is only one part of edupunk, though. Stephen Downes has identified three aspects to this approach:
* Reaction against commercialization of learning
* Do-it-yourself attitude
* Thinking and learning for yourself

## Examples

An example of edupunk was the University of British Columbia's course "Wikipedia:WikiProject Murder Madness and Mayhem" experiment of creating articles on Wikipedia in spring 2008, "(having) one’s students as partners and peers." A video clip illustrating an edupunk approach, produced by Tony Hirst at the Open University in the UK, on 8 June 2008, illustrated how quickly the edupunk concept has been adopted outside North America. A website set up by Australian educators illustrates how edupunk spread, and a presentation by Norm Friesen of Thompson Rivers University identifies a number of possible intellectual precursors for the movement.
Hampshire College, Evergreen State College, Marlboro College, New College of Florida, and Warren Wilson College are collegiate institutions imbued with edupunk ideology.