OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Lefkonas, Florina

Lefkonas (Greek: Λευκώνας, before 1926: Πόπλη – Popli) is a village in the Florina Regional Unit in West Macedonia, Greece.

## Name

Macedonian speaking locals of Prespa call this village Попли, Popli. The forms of the toponym rendered with о, а and ъ indicate they emerged from a *o sound and would have originally been either Poplje or Pop'li from the Slavic *pop- pupak meaning navel, centre. Pianka Włodzimierz writes that Poplje would be unlikely as the retention of l in this instance would not occur per the sound change norms of the Macedonian language. Włodzimierz instead states that the toponym might have originally been *Po̧pъlje. The toponym ending would have been replaced with a Turkish suffix lu, due to the importance of the village as a centre for Ottoman administration. In Albanian, the village is called Pëpli.

## History

In the late 19th century, the village was the Ottoman administrative centre and seat of the müdir (district administrator) in the Lower Prespa area. Following the Greek-Turkish population exchange, the village mosque was demolished and the church of Michael the Archangel was built in its place. The village in the modern period is renowned for its landscaped gardens.

## Demographics

In the 1860s, Popli had 50 Christian houses. In the early 1900s, 180 Slavonic speaking Christians and 210 Muslim Albanians lived in the village.
The 1920 Greek census recorded 492 people in the village, and 270 inhabitants (40 families) were Muslim in 1923. The Albanian village population was present until 1926 when they went to Turkey and were replaced with prosfiges (Greek refugees), due to the Greek–Turkish population exchange. In Popli, 41 Greek refugee families were from Asia Minor in 1926. The 1928 Greek census recorded 310 village inhabitants. In 1928, the refugee families numbered 41 (129 people). After the Greek Civil War, the Macedonian speaking population became a minority in the village.
Lefkonas had 127 inhabitants in 1981. In fieldwork done by anthropologist Riki Van Boeschoten in late 1993, Lefkonas was populated by a Greek population descended from Anatolian Greek refugees who arrived during the Greek–Turkish population exchange, and Slavophones.
# Bournemouth (disambiguation)

Bournemouth is a large coastal resort town in the Borough of Bournemouth in Dorset, England.
Bournemouth may also refer to:
* AFC Bournemouth, an English football team
* AFC Bournemouth Women, a women's English football team
* Bournemouth (UK Parliament constituency), a former United Kingdom Parliamentary constituency
* Bournemouth F.C., an English football team
* Bournemouth railway station, the main railway station serving the town of Bournemouth
* Bournemouth, in the List of British airships
# Komen

Komen (pronounced, Italian: Comen or Comeno) is a settlement in Slovenia. It is the seat of the Municipality of Komen. It is located on the Karst Plateau in the Slovenian Littoral.

## Name

Komen was attested in written sources in 1247 as Cominum (and as Cumin in 1255, de Cumino in 1269, and Comein in 1526). The name is probably derived from the Slavic common noun *komъ 'hill, mountain, elevation'. Derivation from the noun komin 'stove, chimney' is unlikely for accentual reasons. The Italian name, which is derived from the Slovene name, is given as Comen in older sources and Comeno in newer sources.

## History

In the Middle Ages, it was first part of the Duchy of Friuli and in the 13th century it was included in the County of Gorizia. Komen was first mentioned in a document from 1247. In 1500, the whole region fell under Habsburg dominion and it was included in the County of Gorizia and Gradisca until 1918. During World War I, the western parts of the municipality were devastated by the Battles of the Isonzo. After the end of the war in November 1918, the area was occupied by Italian troops and annexed to Italy with the Treaty of Rapallo in 1920. On February 15, 1944, the village of Komen was burned down by the Nazi German troops as retaliation for Partisan resistance activity in the area; the surviving inhabitants were forcibly resettled to Bavaria, from where they only returned after the end of World War II. In 1947, it became part of Yugoslavia and in 1991 of independent Slovenia.

## Notable people

Notable people that were born or lived in Komen include:
* Franco Giraldi, screenwriter (1931–2020)
* Adela Žgur, academic (1909–1992)
# Apple (name)

Apple is a given name, nickname, and surname. People and fictional characters with the name include:

## People with the given name

* Apple Brook (1931-2023), British actress
* Apple Hong (born 1978), Malaysian actress and singer
* Apple Martin (born 2004), the daughter of Chris Martin and Gwyneth Paltrow
* Apple Pope (fl. 2006–present), American rugby league player

## Fictional characters with the given name

* Apple Jack, a main character in My Little Pony and My Little Pony: Equestria Girls
* Apple White, a character from Ever After High
* Apple Wilson, a character in the Canadian animated series Mother Up!

## People with the nickname

* A. T. Sanders Jr. (1926–1989), American politician
* Constance Applebee (1873–1981), known as "the Apple", best known for introducing field hockey to the United States
* Ken Green (basketball, born 1959), American athlete

## People with the surname

* Adam Apple (1831–1905), American politician and farmer
* Andrew O. Apple (1845–1890), American Civil War soldier and Medal of Honor recipient
* Billy Apple (1935–2021), New Zealand artist
* Chris Apple (born 1970), American professional soccer player and coach
* David J. Apple (1941–2011), American ophthalmologist, pathologist, biographer and medical historian
* Eli Apple (born 1995), American National Football League player
* Erik Apple (born 1977), American professional mixed martial arts fighter
* Fiona Apple (born 1977), Grammy award-winning American singer-songwriter
* Heather Elizabeth Apple (born 1948), Canadian writer, artist, and educator
* Jupiter Apple (1968–2015), Brazilian singer-songwriter and musician
* Max Apple (born 1941), American author and academic
* Michael Apple (born 1942), American critical educational theorist
* Pat Apple (born 1957), American politician
* R. W. Apple Jr. (1934–2006), associate editor at The New York Times
* Raymond Apple (rabbi) (born 1935), former Senior Rabbi of the Great Synagogue of Sydney, Australia
# Dowlahtu, Gavork-e Nalin

Dowlahtu (Persian: دوله تو, also Romanized as Dowlahtū; also known as Dolatū and Dowlatū) is a village of Mamash Tribe Rural District, Vazineh District, Sardasht County, West Azerbaijan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 678, in 103 families.
# Shah Owais Noorani

Shah Muhammad Owais Noorani Siddiqui is a Pakistani politician who has served as Special Assistant to the Prime Minister and currently serving as General Secretary of Jamiat Ulema-e-Pakistan's (Imam-Noorani) faction.
# Falkland Current

The Falkland Current is a cold water current that flows northward along the Atlantic coast of Patagonia as far north as the mouth of the Río de la Plata. This current results from the movement of water from the West Wind Drift as it rounds Cape Horn. It takes its name from the Falkland Islands (Spanish: Islas Malvinas). This cold current mixes with the tropical Brazil Current in the Argentine Sea (see Brazil–Falkland Confluence), giving it its temperate climate.
The current is an equatorward flowing current that carries cold and relatively fresh subantarctic water. The Falkland Current is a branch of the Antarctic Circumpolar Current. It transports between 60 and 90 Sverdrups of water with speeds ranging from a half a meter to a meter per second. Hydrographic data in this area is very scarce and thus various hydrographic variables have a great deal of error. The Falkland Current is not a surface current like the Brazil Current but it extends all the way to the sea-floor. Typical temperatures for the current are around 6 °C, with a salinity of 33.5–34.5 psu.
# Goga Khachidze

Giorgi (Goga) Khachidze (Georgian: გიორგი ხაჩიძე; born 9 February 1974) is a Georgian politician who served as the Minister of Environment Protection and Natural Resources of Georgia from 2008 to 2012.

## Early years

Khachidze was born on 9 February 1974. In 1992 he entered Tbilisi State University graduating from Department of Biology, Physiology of Plants in 1997. Starting from 1993, he also studied Journalism at the same university obtaining his second Bachelor's degree in Journalism in 1997. From 1994 until 2002, he worked for the Channel 1 and 2 of the Georgian State Television, Rustavi 2, Ibervizia, 202, 105 broadcasting companies and the Press Service of the Ministry of Defense of Georgia.

## Political career

In November 2002, Khachidze was elected head of United Democrats political party in Khashuri. From November 2003 through March 2004, he was the Deputy Head of Executive Power of Khashuri District. From March 2004 until December 2004, he was member of Parliament of Georgia. In December 2004, he was appointed State Attorney for Mtskheta-Mtianeti district by the President of Georgia. In March 2005, he was reassigned with the same duties to Samtskhe-Javakheti district where he remained until November 2008. On 1 November 2008 Khachidze was appointed Minister of Environment Protection and Natural Resources of Georgia. He resigned in August 2012 in order to run for the October 1 parliamentary election. He served in the Parliament for the United National Movement until quitting the party in May 2015.
Khachidze is fluent in Russian and English.
# The Pacifica (Auckland)

The Pacifica is a residential skyscraper in Auckland, New Zealand. Completed in 2020, it is the tallest residential building in New Zealand, surpassing the Metropolis, but is set to be overtaken in 2024 by the 187 m (614 ft) Seascape. The building overlooks Auckland city and the surrounding harbour at 178.7 metres (586 ft) and 57 floors in height.
The top two floors of the building contain a penthouse that was originally listed for sale at NZ$40 million, which would have made it the most expensive apartment ever sold in New Zealand. This apartment was later split into three separate units.
In June 2021, The Pacifica won "Best Residential High Rise Development New Zealand" and "Best Apartment / Condominium New Zealand" at the International Property Awards.
# Magyarlak

Magyarlak (German: Ungarisch-Minihof, Slovene: Lak) is a village in Vas county, Hungary.
# Patitsa

Patitsa (Bulgarian: Патица) is a village in Chernoochene Municipality, in Kardzhali Province, in southern-central Bulgaria. It is located 199.105 kilometres (123.718 mi) southeast of Sofia. It covers an area of 4.136 square kilometres and as of 2007 it had a population of 170 people.
# Stöcklewald

The Stöcklewald is a mountain, 1,068.2 m above sea level (NHN), in the southern part of the Central Black Forest in Germany between the towns of Furtwangen and Triberg, each about 5 kilometres distant, in the county of Schwarzwald-Baar-Kreis. Towards the north, the Black Forest only exceeds this height again in the area of the Schliffkopf and the Hornisgrinde.

## Location

The European Watershed between the Rhine and the Danube runs over the mountain. On its northern slopes rises the Gutach, which flows from here in a northwesterly direction through the Schönwald Highlands and drops over its northeastern edge as the Triberg Waterfalls. To the southeast flow the tributary streams of the Breg.
The northern foot of its gently-sloping domed summit may be reached on local Landesstraßen and Kreisstraßen, both from the aforementioned towns as well as from Schönwald and Brigach. From there a road runs up to the summit, where there is a Gasthaus, a hiker's home belonging to the Black Forest Club and the Stöcklewald Tower.
The parish boundary between the village of Rohrbach (in the borough of Furtwangen) and the municipality of Schönwald runs over the summit. The parish of Nußbach in the borough of Triberg also owns part of the northern mountainside. The summit with its tower and the hiking home lie within the parish of Furtwangen-Rohrbach.

## Stöcklewald Tower

The roughly 25-metre-high observation tower was erected in 1894 by the Triberg Branch of the Black Forest Club in the shape of a round tower in the borough of Furtwangen and was inaugurated in May 1895. It is a popular destination on the Middle Way managed by the Black Forest Club. From the observation platform there are views over the Central Black Forest to the Feldberg and also a panorama of the Swabian Jura as well as views of the Alps from the Zugspitze to Mont Blanc. The platform is reached via a staircase with 127 steps.
The Stöcklewald Tower is also used as a communications relay station for police, THW, fire service, rescue services and amateur radio users. The tower also acts as a radio relay station for broadband and internet services to the surrounding parishes.

## Surrounding area

Around 800 metres northeast of the summit, near the road on the heights known as Hochgericht (1,020.6 m) are the Triberg Gallows. Another kilometre further northeast is a subpeak of the Stöcklewald, the Kesselberg (1,024.2 m) near an important crossroads. On the slopes of the mountain rises the Brigach stream and its most important tributary, the Kirnach. The Kesselberg Fault that runs through here is named after the mountain. This is a significant reason why the Stöcklewald peak is so clearly uplifted above the eastern slopes of the Black Forest, because it has retained a remnant in the fault zone of the bunter sandstone that originally lay on the basement.
Also in the surrounding area are sights such as St. Hubert's Chapel, a monument to popular religious devotion in an idyllic setting, the Triberg Waterfalls, one of the highest and best known waterfalls in Germany, and the source of the Brigach.
# T'Kout District

T'Kout District is a district of Batna Province, Algeria.

## Municipalities

The district further divides into three municipalities.
* T'Kout
* Ghassira
* Kimmel
* This article about a location in Batna Province is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
35°08′21″N 6°18′31″E﻿ / ﻿35.1392°N 6.30861°E﻿ / 35.1392; 6.30861
# Sule (river)

Sule is a river of Lower Saxony, Germany, a tributary of the Große Aue.
The Sule belongs to the Weser river system. With a length of about 16 kilometres (9.9 mi) it flows exclusively through the district of Diepholz. It rises north of Scholen, flows in a southerly direction through the villages of Schwaförden, Sulingen, Kirchdorf, and discharges into the Große Aue near Barenburg.
# Radkov (Opava District)

Radkov (German: Ratkau) is a municipality and village in Opava District in the Moravian-Silesian Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 500 inhabitants.

## History

The first written mention of Radkov is from 1377.

## Notable people

* Harald Hauptmann (1936–2018), German archaeologist
# Sennoy, Saratov Oblast

Sennoy (Russian: Сенной) is an urban locality (an urban-type settlement) in Volsky District of Saratov Oblast, Russia. Population: 6,675 (2010 Census); 7,031 (2002 Census); 6,329 (1989 Soviet census).
# Hermocrates (dialogue)

Hermocrates (/hɜːrˈmɒkrəˌtiːz/; Greek: Ἑρμοκράτης, romanized: Hermokrátēs) is a hypothetical dialogue, assumed to be the third part of Plato's late trilogy along with Timaeus and Critias. It is not known exactly how Critias ended, as the ending to the book is currently lost, so historians have not been able to say exactly how Hermocrates would begin. In any case, the people that would have appeared are very likely to be the same as in the former dialogues – Timaeus, Critias, Hermocrates, and Socrates – and the unnamed companion mentioned at the beginning of the Timaeus might have unveiled his identity. The intention of Plato to write this third dialogue becomes evident among others, from the following passage of Critias:
   Socrates: Certainly, Critias, we will grant your request [to speak] and we will grant the same by anticipation to Hermocrates, as well as to you and Timaeus.
Hermocrates had only a small share of the conversation in the previous dialogues. Since the Critias recounted the story of the ideal state in ancient Athens of nine thousand years ago – and why it was able to repel the invasion by the imperialist naval power Atlantis – by referring to prehistoric accounts via Solon and the Egyptians, it might have been Hermocrates' task to tell how the imperialist naval power, into which Athens of Plato's lifetime had turned, had suffered a bitter defeat in the Sicilian expedition against Syracuse and eventually in the Peloponnesian War against Sparta – since he was a Syracusan strategos during the time of the Sicilian expedition. The sequence of names of the three participants in these dialogues could also have a significance. The name of Timaeus is derived from the Greek word τιμάω, timaō meaning to pay honor to; the name of Critias is derived from the word κρίσις, krisis meaning judgment; and the name of Hermocrates, means gifted by Hermes, messenger of the gods.

## In popular culture

In the video game Indiana Jones and the Fate of Atlantis the Lost Dialogue of Plato is known as the Hermocrates. In the game, the book survived in Arabic translation, and was translated to English by one of the characters, and acts as an important tool for Dr. Jones throughout the game. Its contents, however, are about the location of Atlantis, entry to the city, and notes about its inhabitants and culture.
# Serixia nigroapicalis

Serixia nigroapicalis is a species of long horn beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Per Olof Christopher Aurivillius in 1927. This species is also part of the genus Serixia, order Coleoptera, class Insecta, phylum Arthropoda, and kingdom Animalia. These beetles can drill into wood and cause damage to live wood.
# Shigeru Uchida (politician)

Shigeru Uchida (Japanese: 内田茂 Uchida Shigeru; 15 March 1939 – 21 December 2022) was a Japanese politician. A member of the Liberal Democratic Party, he served as chairman of the Tokyo Metropolitan Assembly from 2003 to 2005.
Uchida died in Tokyo on 21 December 2022, at the age of 83.
# Derevnya pchelosovkhoza

Derevnya pchelosovkhoza (Russian: Деревня пчелосовхоза; Bashkir: Умартасылыҡ совхозы, Umartasılıq sovxozı) is a rural locality (a village) in Krasnoulsky Selsoviet, Gafuriysky District, Bashkortostan, Russia. The population was 169 as of 2010. There are 7 streets.

## Geography

The village is located 24 km northeast of Krasnousolsky (the district's administrative centre) by road.
# Province of Seville

The Province of Seville (Spanish: Sevilla) is a province of southern Spain, in the western part of the autonomous community of Andalusia. It borders the provinces of Málaga and Cádiz in the south, Huelva in the west, Badajoz in the north and Córdoba in the east. Seville is the province's as well as the Andalusian autonomous community's capital.

## Overview

Located on the southern bank of the Guadalquivir river, the city of Seville is the largest one in Andalusia. The former province of Andalusia was divided by the Moors into four separate kingdoms—Seville, Cordova, Jaen and Granada. Seville has the highest GDP among the provinces of Andalusia . The Provinces of Málaga (€28,506 million) and Cadiz (€22,574 million) are 2nd and 3rd respectively. The Port of Seville is of great economic importance to the province.
The area of the province is 14,042 km$^2$. Its population is 1,914,958 (2010), of whom 40% live in the capital, Seville, and its population density is 125.25/km$^2$. It contains 105 municipalities. The province shares the Parque Nacional de Doñana with Huelva province. It also has the Sierra Norte de Sevilla Natural Park. The 177,484 hectares park is Andalusia's largest protected area. The Guadalquivir crosses the province from east to west. Guadiana, Pinta and Xenil are other important rivers. The northern part of the province is mostly mountainous. Seville has a warm Mediterranean climate with an annual average temperature of 18.5 °C. Winters are generally mild while summers are hot. The maximum temperatures in summer often surpass 40 °C. The locality of Écija is popularly known as the "Frying Pan of Andalusia" for its torrid summers. Écija is known for its high value of corn production. The province of Seville generates 1.92% of the Spanish hotel movement. In terms of tourism, the city of Seville is one of the leading cities in Andalusia, situated behind Barcelona and Madrid on a national level. In 208 B.C. the whole population of an outpost in the present town of Estepa burnt their houses and committed suicide before Romans attacked it. The capital city Seville is the world's most dense one in terms of Baroque churches. The Socialist Workers Party won the elections in the province from 1982 to 2000. In comparison to other Spanish provinces, Seville is underdeveloped.

### Population development

The historical population is given in the following chart:
# Concejo (Álava)

The concejos (Basque: kontzejuak, Spanish: concejos) are a type of sub-municipal administrative unit in the province of Álava, Basque Country, Spain.
Within the Spanish legal framework, the general name for such sub-municipal units is minor local entity (formally in Spanish: entidad de ámbito territorial inferior al municipio, lit. 'entity of sub-municipal territorial scope' also known by their acronym EATIMs [es]).
The existence of concejos in Álava is documented since the 13th century. Their current status dates from 1984, when a law providing for elections to the concejos was passed; and from 1995, when their juridical status was clarified.
# Giannouli

Giannouli (Greek: Γιάννουλη) is a town and a former municipality in the Larissa regional unit, Thessaly, Greece. Population 12,277 (2021). The municipal unit has an area of 51.092 km$^2$.
# Japan Federation of Service & Tourism Industries Workers' Unions

The Japan Federation of Service & Tourism Industries Workers' Unions (STU; Japanese: サービス・ツーリズム産業労働組合連合会, Service Rengo) is a trade union representing workers in the service and tourism industries.
The union was founded in July 2001, when the Japan Federation of Leisure-Service Industries Workers' Unions merged with the Hotel and Restaurant Council of the National Federation of General Workers' Unions. It was affiliated with the Japanese Trade Union Confederation. The union had 44,029 members in 2009, and this grew to 47,454 by 2020.
# Articular bone

The articular bone is part of the lower jaw of most vertebrates, including most jawed fish, amphibians, birds and various kinds of reptiles, as well as ancestral mammals.

## Anatomy

In most vertebrates, the articular bone is connected to two other lower jaw bones, the suprangular and the angular. Developmentally, it originates from the embryonic mandibular cartilage. The most caudal portion of the mandibular cartilage ossifies to form the articular bone, while the remainder of the mandibular cartilage either remains cartilaginous or disappears.

### In snakes

In snakes, the articular, surangular, and prearticular bones have fused to form the compound bone. The mandible is suspended from the quadrate bone and articulates at this compound bone.

## Function
### In amphibians and reptiles

In most tetrapods, the articular bone forms the lower portion of the jaw joint. The upper jaw articulates at the quadrate bone.

### In mammals

In mammals, the articular bone evolves to form the malleus, one of the mammalian ossicles of the middle ear. This is an apomorphy of the mammalian clade, and is used to determine the fossil transition to mammals. It is analogous to, but not homologous to the articular process of the lower jaw.
After the loss of the quadrate-articular joint, the squamosal and dentary bones form the new jaw joint in mammals.