OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Salomo Glassius

Salomo Glassius (German: Salomon Glaß; 20 May 1593 – 27 July 1656) was a German theologian and biblical critic born at Sondershausen, in the principality of Schwarzburg-Sondershausen.
In 1612, he entered the University of Jena. In 1615, with the intent of studying law, he moved to Wittenberg. Due to illness, he returned to Jena after a year. Here, as a student of theology under Johann Gerhard, he directed his attention especially to Hebrew and the cognate dialects. In 1619 he was made an adjunctus of the philosophical faculty. He later was appointment as Professor of Hebrew.
From 1625 to 1638, he was superintendent in Sondershausen. Shortly after the death of Gerhard (1637) he was, in accordance with Gerhard's last wish, appointed to succeed him at Jena. Later, at the earnest invitation of Duke Ernest the Pious, he relocated in 1640 to Gotha as court preacher and general superintendent in the execution of important reforms which had been initiated in the ecclesiastical and educational establishments of the Duchy. He played a role in the Syncretistic Controversy. His principal work, Philologia sacra (1623), marked the transition from the earlier views on questions of biblical criticism to those of the school of Spener. It was more than once reprinted during his lifetime, and appeared in a new and revised form, edited by J. A. Dathe (1731-1791) and G. L. Bauer at Leipzig. Glassius succeeded Gerhard as editor of the Weimar Bibelwerk, one of the Elector Bibles, this particular one called the Nuremberg Bible. He wrote the commentary on the poetical books of the Old Testament for that publication. A volume of his Opuscula was printed at Leiden in 1700.
Glassius died in Gotha on 27 July 1656, aged 63.
# Stephan Alexander Würdtwein

Stephan Alexander Würdtwein (1719 – 11 April 1796) was a German theologian, auxiliary bishop of Worms, and historian, particularly of the Catholic Church and of the history of the city of Mainz.

## Education and career

Würdtwein was born in Amorbach, the third son of Ferdinand Kasimir Würdtwein, a civil servant in the Electorate of Mainz, and his wife Magdalene (née Marklein). He attended the school of Amorbach Abbey and then the Jesuit Kronberg-Gymnasium Aschaffenburg.
He studied philosophy, theology, and canon law at the University of Heidelberg from 1738 to 1743, while living in the seminary. He attained his bachelor's and master's degrees in philosophy and studied Thomism. Next he studied canon law and dogma at the Catholic seminary in Mainz, and was ordained a priest on 18 July 1745. After serving as a chaplain in Bingen in 1746-1747, he was given a benefice in Werbach. By 1750 he had returned to Mainz, where he studied religious law at the University of Mainz until 1752.
He died in Ladenburg.

## Career in the Electorate of Mainz

Würdtwein served under archbishops Johann Friedrich Karl von Ostein, Emmerich Joseph von Breidbach zu Bürresheim, and Friedrich Karl Joseph von Erthal, the last prince-elector and archbishop of the old Mainz electorate and of the ancien régime.
Johann Friedrich Karl von Ostein, also from Amorbach, offered Würdtwein a position as tutor to his nephew, Philipp Karl, and then as prebendary at the Stift St. Maria ad Gradus, where from 1762 to 1783 he also served as dean.
On the basis of his extensive study of canon law, he was honored in 1758 as geistlicher Rat and given a position on the Vicar general's council, the central power of the electorate. In 1767 he was promoted to the position of Fiskalis maior, a position in which he oversaw religious and moral life and ensured that religious guidelines were followed. In 1770 he became judicial vicar, the highest position in the Electorate besides the vicar general. His expertise was sought particularly in matters of marriage law and church law.
In 1783 he became auxiliary bishop and provicar of the Worms diocese, and later that year titular bishop of Heliopolis in Augustamnica.

## Scholarly work and honors

Würdtwein is considered a trailblazer in the source study of ecclesiastical and German history. Because the archives of the Electorate of Mainz were dispersed and partly destroyed, his publications are of great importance to Germania Sacra. He was respected during his lifetime as a scholar and writer during his lifetime, and was recognized by being chosen as an extraordinary member of the Kurpfälzische Akademie der Wissenschaften in 1765 (he became an honorary member in 1784), as a member of the Akademie gemeinnütziger Wissenschaften in Erfurt (1776), and as a member of the Bayerische Akademie der Wissenschaften in Munich (1781).
# Makoshyne

Makoshyne (Ukrainian: Макошине; Russian: Макошино) is a rural settlement in Koriukivka Raion, Chernihiv Oblast, northern Ukraine. It belongs to Mena urban hromada, one of the hromadas of Ukraine. Population: 2,081 (2022 estimate).
Makoshyne is located on the right bank of the Desna.

## History

Until 18 July 2020, Makoshyne belonged to Mena Raion. The raion was abolished in July 2020 as part of the administrative reform of Ukraine, which reduced the number of raions of Chernihiv Oblast to five. The area of Mena Raion was split between Chernihiv and Koriukivka Raions, with Makoshyne being transferred to Chernihiv Raion.
Until 26 January 2024, Makoshyne was designated urban-type settlement. On this day, a new law entered into force which abolished this status, and Makoshyne became a rural settlement.

## Economy
### Transportation

Makoshyne is connected by road with Mena, where it has access to Highway H27, connecting Chernihiv and Novhorod-Siverskyi. There is no road bridge over the Desna, and thus no roads in the southern direction from Makoshyne.
There is a railway station on the railway connecting Bakhmach with Mena, Snovsk, and Gomel.
# Lorenzo Suárez de Mendoza, 5th Count of Coruña

Lorenzo Suárez de Mendoza, 5th Count of Coruña (Spanish: Lorenzo Suárez de Mendoza, quinto conde de Coruña) (c. 1518, Guadalajara, Spain – June 29, 1583, Mexico City) was the fifth viceroy of New Spain, who governed from October 4, 1580 to June 29, 1583. He was born into the old nobility of Spain, being a direct descendant of Íñigo López de Mendoza, 1st Marquess of Santillana, and a second cousin of Antonio de Mendoza, the first viceroy of New Spain.

## Early life

Suárez de Mendoza was a man of letters, a writer of merit. He received praise for his novel El pastor de Filida. He participated in the war and conquest of Tunis, where he was taken by his father, who accompanied the emperor. He was patron and protector of the Universidad de Alcalá de Henares.

## Appointment and arrival

On March 26, 1580, he was named viceroy by King Philip II, to replace the previous viceroy, Martín Enríquez de Almanza, who was leaving to become viceroy of Peru. Suárez de Mendoza made his solemn entry into Mexico City on October 4, 1580, formally taking up the administration of New Spain. He was received there in more pomp than had previously been seen on such occasions. His amiable character and the attention he paid to public business soon made him a popular figure.

## Accomplishments

As an honest and upright man, one of his major concerns was ending widespread vice and administrative corruption, which had reached enormous proportions. Members of the Audiencia, government officials, judges and bureaucrats sold their services and their decisions. Suárez attempted to stop such abuses with some, but not total, success. He was limited because some of his actions required approval by the Audiencia. In order to combat the obstructions of the Audiencia, he asked Philip to name a visitador (inspector). This important position was given to Pedro Moya de Contreras, the first inquisitor general of New Spain, and now also archbishop of Mexico City. Moya de Contreras succeeded Suárez as viceroy after the latter's death in 1580.
In order to regulate commercial affairs and to supervise the two grand fairs, at Acapulco and Veracruz, Suárez instituted the Tribunal del Comercio (Commercial Tribunal), known also as the Consulado.

## Death and succession

Suárez de Mendoza, already elderly when he took up the office, did not survive three years as viceroy. He died on June 29, 1583, in the capital of the viceroyalty. His remains were deposited in the Church of San Francisco, and later transferred to Spain for interment in his family tomb. The Audiencia took up the government of New Spain pending the appointment of a new viceroy. The Audiencia at this time included Dr. Robles, Lic. Sánchez Paredes, and Don Pedro Farfán. This interim government was confronted with major difficulties, and its 16 months in power was a period of insecurity. In 1584 the new viceroy, Archbishop Moya de Contreras, took over the government.
# Niedermirsberg Castle

Niedermirsberg Castle (German: Turmhügel Niedermirsberg), also called the Steinhaus ("Stone House"), is a levelled motte castle which is situated 780 metres west of the village church of Niedermirsberg, in the borough of Ebermannstadt in the county of Forchheim in the south German state of Bavaria.
Of the former motte nothing has survived above ground.

## Literature

* Denis André Chevalley (revision editor) (1986). "Oberfranken". In Michael Petzet, Bayerisches Landesamt für Denkmalpflege [in German] (ed.). Denkmäler in Bayern : Ensembles, Baudenkmäler, archäologische Geländedenkmäler [Monuments in Bavaria: ensembles, monuments, archaeological site memorials]. Denkmäler in Bayern [de] (in German). Vol. IV (Various ed.). München: Oldenbourg. ISBN 3-486-52395-3. {{cite book}}: |author= has generic name (help)
* Hellmut Kunstmann: Die Burgen der südwestlichen Fränkischen Schweiz. Verlag Degener & Co., 1990.
# The Girl Who Runs the Beat Hotel

The Girl Who Runs the Beat Hotel is the second album by English indie pop band Biff Bang Pow!, released in 1987.

## Track listing

Side A
* "Someone Stole My Wheels" – 02:45
* "Love's Going Out of Fashion" – 03:16
* "She Never Understood" – 03:13
* "He Don't Need That Girl" – 02:06
* "She Shivers Inside" – 03:21
Side B
* "The Beat Hotel" – 02:17
* "The Happiest Girl in the World" – 03:23
* "If I Die" – 02:35
* "Five Minutes in the Life of Greenwood Goulding" – 04:23
* "The Whole World Is Turning Brouchard!" – 01:29
# Toulouse Hawks

The Toulouse Hawks are an Australian rules football team based in Toulouse, France. As of 2018, the team primarily competes in the national competitions in France including the Championnat de France and the French Cup. The team typically wears black and white jumpers.

## History

Originally formed in 2008 as the Toulouse Crocodiles, the Toulouse Hawks first competed in the Championnat de France in the 2009/2010 season, finishing 3rd overall. The club would go on to win the league in the 2012/2013 and 2013/2014 seasons as well as the 2010 and 2015 editions of the French Cup. Following the 2015/2016 season, the Blagnac Aviators were formed in Blagnac, France, with a number of players from the Toulouse Hawks moving to play with the new team due to its proximity.

## Results

Championnat de France :
| Season | Wins | Losses | Draws | Points For | Points Against | Final Placing |
| 2009/2010 | 3 | 2 | 0 | 580 | 405 | 3rd |
| 2010/2011 | 3 | 1 | 0 | 376 | 197 | 2nd |
| 2011/2012 | 3 | 3 | 0 | 513 | 483 | 3rd |
| 2012/2013 | 4 | 2 | 0 | 603 | 366 | 1st |
| 2013/2014 | 6 | 0 | 0 | 774 | 302 | 1st |
| 2014/2015 | 6 | 1 | 0 | 1040 | 484 | 3rd |
| 2015/2016 | 5 | 2 | 0 | 761 | 373 | 3rd |
| 2016/2017 | 1 | 6 | 0 | 410 | 800 | 8th |
# TONAR

Tokyo Overnight Average Rate (TONA rate or TONAR) or Japanese Yen Uncollateralized Overnight Call Rate (Japanese: 無担保コールO/N物レート) is an unsecured interbank overnight interest rate and reference rate for Japanese yen. Mutan rate and TONA rate are the same things.

## History

Japanese yen uncollateralized overnight call market started in July 1985.
Since December 28, 2016, the Bank of Japan has recommended the TONA rate as the preferred Japanese yen risk-free reference rate.
TONA rate is recommended as a replacement for Japanese yen LIBOR, which was phased out at the end of 2021, and Euroyen TIBOR, which will be terminated at the end of 2024.

## Target rates

Bank of Japan target rates :
| Dates | Target rates |
| 1998.09 - 1999.02 | 0.25% |
| 1999.02 - 2000.08 | Initially 0.15%, then 0%. |
| 2000.08 - 2001.02 | 0.25% |
| 2001.02 - 2001.03 | 0.15% |
| 2001.03 - 2006.03 | None (0%) |
| 2006.03 - 2006.07 | 0.00% |
| 2006.07 - 2007.02 | 0.25% |
| 2007.02 - 2008.10 | 0.50% |
| 2008.11 - 2008.12 | 0.30% |
| 2008.12 - 2010.10 | 0.10% |
| 2010.10 - 2013.04 | 0.00% - 0.10% |
| 2013.04 - 2024.03 | None (0%) |
| 2024.03 - | 0.00% - 0.10% |
| 2024.08 - | 0.25% |

## TONA Compounded Benchmarks
### TONA Averages

    TONA Averages are derived from the daily compounded TONA rate. The terms are 30day, 90days, and 180 days.

### TONA Index

    Assets when 100 was invested in TONA on June 14, 2017.
# HIP 79431

HIP 79431 is a red dwarf star with a planetary companion in the constellation Scorpius. It has the proper name Sharjah, as selected in the NameExoWorlds campaign by United Arab Emirates, during the 100th anniversary of the IAU. Sharjah is the cultural capital of United Arab Emirates. The star has an apparent visual magnitude of 11.34, which is far too faint to be visible to the naked eye. Based on parallax measurements, this system is located at a distance of 47.4 light-years from the Sun. It is drifting closer with a radial velocity of −5 km/s.
This is an M-type main-sequence star with a stellar classification of M3V. This star is smaller, cooler, dimmer, and less massive than the Sun, but the estimated metal content is 2.5 times as much as the Sun. The level of chromospheric activity does not appear to be unusually high for a star of this class.
In 2010, a superjovian exoplanetary companion was discovered using the radial-velocity method. It is orbiting at a distance of 0.36 AU from the host star with a period of 0.3 years and an eccentricity (ovalness) of 0.29. Since the inclination of the orbit is unknown, only a lower bound on the mass can be determined. It has at least 2.1 times the mass of Jupiter.
The HIP 79431 planetary system :
| Companion (in order from star) | Mass | Semimajor axis (AU) | Orbital period (days) | Eccentricity | Inclination | Radius |
| b / Barajeel | ≥2.1 M$_J$ | 0.36 | 111.7 ± 0.7 | 0.29 ± 0.02 | — | — |
# The American Plan

The American Plan is a play by Richard Greenberg, which ran both Off-Broadway in 1990 and on Broadway in 2009.

## Productions

The play premiered Off-Broadway, produced by the Manhattan Theatre Club at New York City Center Stage II on January 23, 1990, and closed on February 18, 1990 after 32 performances. Directed by Evan Yionoulis the cast featured Rebecca Miller (Lili), Tate Donovan (Nick), Beatrice Winde (Olivia), Joan Copeland (Eva) and Eric Stoltz (Gil). The play transferred to the Manhattan Theatre Club Mainstage on December 4, 1990 and closed on January 18, 1991 after 52 performances. The cast featured Wendy Makkena (Lili), D. W. Moffett (Nick), Joan Copeland (Eva), Yvette Hawkins (Olivia), and Jonathan Walker (Gil).
The Manhattan Theatre Club presented the play on Broadway at the Samuel J. Friedman Theatre from January 2, 2009 in previews, opening January 22, and closing March 22, 2009. Directed by David Grindley, the cast featured Mercedes Ruehl and Lily Rabe.
The Theatre Royal Bath presented the play from March 7 to April 6, 2013, starring Luke Allen-Gale as Nick, Diana Quick as Eva and Emily Taaffe as Lili.

## Plot

In 1960 Eva Adler, who is a widow, has a vacation home in the Catskill Mountains, in New York, across a lake from a resort. Her daughter, Lili Adler, is a socially awkward 20-year old who feels trapped by her mother's constant attention. Lili meets Nick Lockridge, an aspiring architect who is engaged to a woman from a wealthy family. Lili and Nick develop a romantic relationship over the course of the summer. Eva, Lili's controlling mother, is against any relationship and works to discredit Nick.

## Critical response

Michael Billington, in his review of the 2013 Theatre Royal Bath production for The Guardian, wrote: "But what makes the play so compelling is Greenberg's ambivalent view of his characters. We are never sure whether Lili's affable suitor, Nick, is quite what he seems, any more than we know whether Eva might be genuinely seeking to protect her fantasising daughter from a hostile world."
The New Yorker Magazine reviewer of the 2009 production wrote: "From this somewhat incredible beginning, with its glib exposition that smacks of romantic comedy, Greenberg reverses our narrative expectations and spins a psychologically astute, compelling study of narcissistic delusion—his version of 'The Heiress,' in which the payoff is not revenge but revelation about the stranglehold of symbiosis....The play, however, is about greed of an altogether different kind: financial, psychic, and sexual."

## Awards and nominations

Joan Copeland won the 1990-1991 OBIE Award, Performance.
# Koli Taal

Koli Taal (transl. The Chicken Curry) is an Indian Kannada satirical film written and directed by Abhilash Shetty. The story follows a determined grandfather who embarks on an adventurous quest to find a missing rooster, and serve the chicken curry for his grandson before he departs for town.
The film premiered at the 21st New York Indian Film Festival. It was then screened at various film festivals including the 18th Indian Film Festival of Stuttgart and 12th Indian Film Festival of Melbourne. It had its Indian premiere at Jio MAMI Mumbai Film Festival (Mumbai Academy of the Moving Image).

## Synopsis

Excited for their grandson’s visit, an elderly couple decides to cook his favorite chicken curry for dinner. But when the rooster mysteriously goes missing, Grandpa embarks on an unexpected adventure to find it and prepare the curry before his grandson must leave for town.

## Cast

* Radha Ramachandra as Vanaja
* Prabhakar Kunder as Mahabala Shetty
* Ganesh Mogaveera as Manja
* Sharath Devadiga as Sathisha
* Guruprasad Nairy as Haala
* Abhilash Shetty as Sumanth

## Release
### Theatrical

Koli Taal got released in cinemas on May 27, 2022, after the film festivals run.

### Home media

Koli Taal got released on the TVOD platform Apple TV on February 8, 2023. And had its digital release in India on Jio Cinema on June 10, 2023.

## Reception

French magazine KinoCulture Montreal gave 4 stars out of 5 saying "An original film that claims loud and clear that India is not limited to Bollywood".
The Times of India gave 3.5 stars out of 5 saying "A heartwarming tale filled with light-hearted moments"
Cinestaan gave the film 3 out of 4 stars and said that "the frames and objects in the film feel so real, so alive that you can almost smell and touch them".
Deccan Herald rated 3.5 out of 5 stars stating "Rooted & Refreshing".
Film Threat scored 7.5 out of 10 saying "a warm and humorous whodunnit involving a missing rooster essential to the titular dish."
Dallas Movie Screenings gave "A−" grade for the film and said "The film is completely filled with interesting regional customs based on their family living and their accustomed generations".
Film critic Anna M. M. Vetticad praised the film and quoted "It's hard to believe that Koli Taal is Abhilash Shetty's first film"

## Awards and nominations

| Award | Category | Recipient | Result |
| New York Indian Film Festival | Best Screenplay | Abhilash Shetty | Nominated |
| Indian Film Festival Stuttgart | German Star of India | Abhilash Shetty | Nominated |
| Mumbai Film Festival (Mumbai Academy of the Moving Image) | Spotlight | Abhilash Shetty | Nominated |
| Indus Valley International Film Festival | Jury Prize for Best Screenplay | Abhilash Shetty | Won |
| Indian Film Festival of Melbourne | Beyond Bollywood | Abhilash Shetty | Nominated |
| Ottawa Indian Film Festival | Best Actor | Prabhakar Kunder | Won |
| Bucharest Best Comedy Film Festival | Best Film | Abhilash Shetty Gubbi Cinema | Nominated |
| Jaffna International Cinema Festival | Best Debut Director | Abhilash Shetty | Nominated |
# Sormano Astronomical Observatory

The Sormano Astronomical Observatory (Italian: Osservatorio Astronomico Sormano, obs. code: 587) is an astronomical observatory north of Milan, Italy. Located near the Swiss border at 1000 meters elevation at the mountain village of Sormano in the pre-Alps, the observatory was privately funded by the Gruppo Astrofili Brianza and built in 1986.

## Description

The observatory is known for its astrometric observations of minor planets and comets in the Solar System. After its first light in January 1989, several amateur astronomers such as Marco Cavagna, Valter Giuliani, Piero Sicoli, Pierangelo Ghezzi, Francesco Manca, Paolo Chiavenna, Graziano Ventre and Augusto Testa have made their minor planet discoveries at the observatory using its 50-centimeter "Cavagna Telescope", a Ritchey–Chrétien astrograph. Astronomers at Sormano have developed their own custom software to make follow-up observations of near-Earth objects such as 4179 Toutatis and 99942 Apophis.
The Eunomia asteroid 6882 Sormano, discovered by Piero Sicoli and Valter Giuliani, was named in honor of the village and its discovering nearby observatory. Naming citation was published on 3 May 1996 (M.P.C. 27130).

### Sormano 2 Observatory

A second observatory, Sormano 2 Observatory (obs. code: L06) is located nearby, at 373 meters elevation, just south of Bellagio. The observatory also conducts astrometric observations, such as of the near-Earth object 2018 CY2 in February 2018, using a 0.28-meter reflector (f/10 + CCD).

## Discoveries

The Minor Planet Center credits the discovery of 344581 Albisetti directly to the Sormano Astronomical Observatory. It is named after Italian Walter Albisetti (1957–2013).
Minor planets discovered: 1 :
| 344581 Albisetti | 24 January 2003 | list |
| Discovery credited to "Sormano" by the MPC |||
# The Guides and Scouts of Norway

The Guides and Scouts of Norway (Norwegian: Speidernes Fellesorganisasjon) is the national Scouting and Guiding federation of Norway, founded in 2003. It took over the WOSM membership of Norges Speiderforbund and the WAGGGS membership of the Fellesrådet for speiderpiker i Norge. Speidernes Fellesorganisasjon serves 17,348 Scouts (as of 2011) and 14,443 Guides (as of 2008).
The federation has actual two independent member associations:
* Norges Speiderforbund (Norwegian Guide and Scout Association)
* Norges KFUK-KFUM-speidere (YWCA-YMCA Guides and Scouts of Norway)
# Puliyanthivu

Puliyanthivu (Tamil: புளியந்தீவு) is an island of Sri Lanka and part of Batticaloa town. It has important infrastructures such as government buildings (District Secretariat. Municipal council, Post office, Public library, Teaching hospital, Bus stand, etc.), banks, schools, religious worship places and historical importance places, notably Batticaloa Fort.

## Etymology

Batticaloa historical book Mattakalapputh Thamilakam quotes from Swami Vipulananda that Vedda’s chieftain Puliyan ruled the area and his name later adapted to the island. Puliyanthivu literally means "island of Puliyan" (thivu means island). Also, the book quotes from Mahavamsa that there was a caste called Pulinthar, which could be the reason for the name of island. As per the common naming of villages in Batticaloa, which called by name of tree and pond, the island could have been used the name of tree tamarind, since there was a lot of tamarind trees in the area. Tamarind is called Puli in Tamil. Literally, it means "island of tamarind".

## History

In the 11th century, one the minister among seven ministers of king Kathirsuthan of Chola dynasty was ruled the area, and the minister name was Pulimaran.
# Atyk

Atyk (Russian: Атык; Bashkir: Әтек, Ätek) is a rural locality (a village) in Bishkurayevsky Selsoviet, Tuymazinsky District, Bashkortostan, Russia. The population was 37 as of 2010. There is 1 street.

## Geography

Atyk is located 53 km east of Tuymazy (the district's administrative centre) by road. Yulduzly is the nearest rural locality.
# Tuzha

Tuzha (Russian: Тужа) is an urban locality (an urban-type settlement) in Tuzhinsky District of Kirov Oblast, Russia. Population: 4,568 (2010 Census); 5,159 (2002 Census); 5,491 (1989 Soviet census).