OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Kelvin Harrap

Kelvin Harrap (born 1970) is a New Zealand sailor who has represented his country at the Summer Olympics and sailed in multiple America's Cups and Volvo Ocean Races.
Harrap was born 1970 in Napier, New Zealand. He sailed the 1993–94 Whitbread Round the World Race as part of the crew on Chris Dickson's Tokio before joining his Tag Heuer Challenge team at the 1995 Louis Vuitton Cup.
Harrap represented New Zealand at the 1996 Summer Olympics, sailing a Soling with Sean Clarkson and Jamie Gale. The team finished 14th in the fleet race competition.
Harrap again joined Dickson for the 1997–98 Whitbread Round the World Race, this time on Toshiba. He then joined the America True syndicate for the 2000 Louis Vuitton Cup. He was then part of the One World Challenge for the 2003 Louis Vuitton Cup before joining Team New Zealand for the 2007 America's Cup.
He sailed for Ken Read's Puma Ocean Racing on Mar Mostro in the 2011–12 Volvo Ocean Race. He sailed with Read, Daryl Wislang, Warwick Fleury and James Spithill on board Comanche in the 2015 Sydney to Hobart Yacht Race.
# Makowica, Masovian Voivodeship

Makowica is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Szelków, within Maków County, Masovian Voivodeship, in east-central Poland. It lies approximately 7 kilometres (4 mi) north-west of Szelków, 3 km (2 mi) east of Maków Mazowiecki, and 73 km (45 mi) north of Warsaw.
# Nesa Kuh

Nesa Kuh (Persian: نساكوه, also Romanized as Nesā Kūh) is a village in Milas Rural District, in the Central District of Lordegan County, Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 41, in 8 families.
# Arulampalam

Arulampalam (Tamil: அருளம்பலம்) is a Tamil surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Arunan Arulampalam (born 1985), American politician
* C. Arulampalam (1909–1997), Sri Lankan politician
* Wiji Arulampalam, British economist and professor
# The White Warrior

The White Warrior (Italian: Agi Murad, il diavolo bianco, lit. 'Hadji Murad, The White Devil') is a 1959 adventure film directed by Riccardo Freda. It is loosely based on Lev Tolstoy's posthumously published 1912 novel Hadji Murat.

## Cast

* Steve Reeves: Agi Murad, the "White Warrior"
* Giorgia Moll: Sultanet
* Scilla Gabel: Princess Maria Vorontsova
* Renato Baldini: Ahmed Khan
* Gérard Herter: Prince Sergei
* Milivoje Živanović: Tsar Nicholas I

## Production

During the filming of parts of the final showdown, Alan Steel doubled Steve Reeves.

## Release

The White Warrior was released in Italy on 21 June 1959 where it was distributed by Lux Film. The film grossed a total of 483,160,000 Italian lire domestically.
# Hesse normal form

In analytic geometry, the Hesse normal form (named after Otto Hesse) is an equation used to describe a line in the Euclidean plane $\mathbb {R} ^{2}$, a plane in Euclidean space $\mathbb {R} ^{3}$, or a hyperplane in higher dimensions. It is primarily used for calculating distances (see point-plane distance and point-line distance).
It is written in vector notation as
    ${\vec {r}}\cdot {\vec {n}}_{0}-d=0.\,$
The dot $\cdot$ indicates the dot product (or scalar product). Vector ${\vec {r}}$ points from the origin of the coordinate system, O, to any point P that lies precisely in plane or on line E. The vector ${\vec {n}}_{0}$ represents the unit normal vector of plane or line E. The distance $d\geq 0$ is the shortest distance from the origin O to the plane or line.

## Derivation/Calculation from the normal form

Note: For simplicity, the following derivation discusses the 3D case. However, it is also applicable in 2D.
In the normal form,
    $({\vec {r}}-{\vec {a}})\cdot {\vec {n}}=0\,$
a plane is given by a normal vector ${\vec {n}}$ as well as an arbitrary position vector ${\vec {a}}$ of a point $A\in E$. The direction of ${\vec {n}}$ is chosen to satisfy the following inequality
    ${\vec {a}}\cdot {\vec {n}}\geq 0\,$
By dividing the normal vector ${\vec {n}}$ by its magnitude $|{\vec {n}}|$, we obtain the unit (or normalized) normal vector
    ${\vec {n}}_{0}={{\vec {n}} \over {|{\vec {n}}|}}\,$
and the above equation can be rewritten as
    $({\vec {r}}-{\vec {a}})\cdot {\vec {n}}_{0}=0.\,$
Substituting
    $d={\vec {a}}\cdot {\vec {n}}_{0}\geq 0\,$
we obtain the Hesse normal form
    ${\vec {r}}\cdot {\vec {n}}_{0}-d=0.\,$
In this diagram, d is the distance from the origin. Because ${\vec {r}}\cdot {\vec {n}}_{0}=d$ holds for every point in the plane, it is also true at point Q (the point where the vector from the origin meets the plane E), with ${\vec {r}}={\vec {r}}_{s}$, per the definition of the Scalar product
    $d={\vec {r}}_{s}\cdot {\vec {n}}_{0}=|{\vec {r}}_{s}|\cdot |{\vec {n}}_{0}|\cdot \cos(0^{\circ })=|{\vec {r}}_{s}|\cdot 1=|{\vec {r}}_{s}|.\,$
The magnitude $|{\vec {r}}_{s}|$ of ${{\vec {r}}_{s}}$ is the shortest distance from the origin to the plane.

## Distance to a line

The Quadrance (distance squared) from a line $ax+by+c=0$ to a point $(x,y)$ is
    ${\frac {(ax+by+c)^{2}}{a^{2}+b^{2}}}.$
If $(a,b)$ has unit length then this becomes $(ax+by+c)^{2}.$
# Lybohora, Stryi Raion, Lviv Oblast

Lybohora (Ukrainian: Либохо́ра, Polish: Libochora) is a village (selo) in Stryi Raion, Lviv Oblast (province) of Western Ukraine. It belongs to Slavske settlement hromada, one of the hromadas of Ukraine. The village has under 1,000 inhabitants and its area is 1,46 km$^2$.
Local government is administered by Lybokhorivska village council.

## Geography

The village is located between high mountains. The second highest peak of Lviv region - Mount Magura (1,362.7 metres (4,471 ft)) towers over the village.
Lybohora is located 129 kilometres (80 mi) of the regional center Lviv is, 14 kilometres (8.7 mi) of the district center Skole, and 12 kilometres (7.5 mi) of the urban village Slavske.

## History and attractions

The village was founded probably around 1300, but began to be mentioned in written sources in the 14th and 15th centuries.
Until 18 July 2020, Lybohora belonged to Skole Raion. The raion was abolished in July 2020 as part of the administrative reform of Ukraine, which reduced the number of raions of Lviv Oblast to seven. The area of Skole Raion was merged into Stryi Raion.
The village has an architectural monument of local importance of Stryi Raion – Christmas Church (wood.) 1790 (1496-M).
# Burayevo

Burayevo (Russian: Бураево, Bashkir: Борай, Boray) is a rural locality (a selo) and the administrative center of Burayevsky District of the Republic of Bashkortostan, Russia. Population: 9,522 (2010 Census); 8,946 (2002 Census); 7,879 (1989 Soviet census).
# Kachalar

Kachalar (Persian: كچلر; also known as Kachalar-e Kordlar) is a village in Ojarud-e Shomali Rural District, in the Central District of Germi County, Ardabil Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 68, in 13 families.
# Angurtlar-e Sofla

Angurtlar-e Sofla (Persian: انگورتلارسفلي, also Romanized as Angūrtlār-e Soflá and Azhdarlū) is a village in Ojarud-e Shomali Rural District, in the Central District of Germi County, Ardabil Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 305, in 63 families.
# An Enigmatic Nature

"An Enigmatic Nature" (Russian: Загадочная натура, romanized: Zagadochnaya natura) is an 1883 short story by Anton Chekhov.

## Publication

The story was first published in the humorous magazine Oskolki on 19 March 1883, signed A. Chekhonte. It made its way into the collection called Motley Stories (1886) and, with some stylistic revision, was later included into Volume 1 of Chekhov's Collected Works, published by Adolf Marks in 1899. During its author's lifetime, "An Enigmatic Nature" was translated into Bulgarian, German, Polish, Serbo-Croatian, Czech, Finnish and Swedish languages.

## Plot summary

In a train compartment, Voldemar, a provincial secretary of Special Commissions, who is also a budding young author, talks to an agitated young lady, reclining on a seat opposite to him. He is fascinated with the great enigma of her apparently wonderful inner world, eager to unravel its mysteries, and she, a self-proclaimed 'sufferer in Dostoyevsky's taste' implores him to reveal her soul to the world in one of his novellas.
So she tells him how she, a young girl, looking for brighter horizons, married an old army general, so as to become an heiress one day and, with all the wealth thus gained, go back to the man whom she really adored. Now, according to the plan, the general dies, but no happiness comes her way, for there is now a serious hurdle that stands between her and the man she loves. And that is… another army general, who is both rich and old.
As the train leaves the station, Voldemar the writer sits pondering on how indeed enigmatic this wonderful creature's soul must be.
# David A. Vise

David A. Vise (born June 16, 1960), is a journalist and author. He is a Senior Advisor to New Mountain Capital, a New York–based investment firm, and Executive Director of Modern States “Freshman Year for Free,” a philanthropy whose goal is to make college more accessible and affordable.
He won a Pulitzer Prize and the Gerald Loeb Award for Large Newspapers in 1990 while working as a business reporter for The Washington Post.
He has authored or co-authored four books, including The Bureau and the Mole (2002), about FBI agent and convicted spy Robert Hanssen, and The Google Story (2005), a national bestseller published in more than two dozen languages.
Vise received an MBA from Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania. He holds an honorary Doctorate of Literary Letters from Cumberland University and studied at the London School of Economics. Wharton named him to a list of 125 influential alumni on its 125th anniversary. In 2009, Vise received The Joseph Wharton Award for career achievement and community service.
A past president of Washington Hebrew Congregation, Vise is a board member of the World Union for Progressive Judaism, where he focuses on interfaith relations. Vise was a member of the first WUPJ delegation to meet with the Vatican.

## Personal life

Vise, a first-generation American whose parents Harry and Doris Vise escaped Nazi Germany, is married to Lori Vise, a consultant with The College Consulting Collaborative who focuses on college planning for students with learning differences.

## Bibliography of publications

* Vise, David A., and Mark Malseed. The Google Story: Inside the Hottest Business, Media and Technology Success of Our Time. Paperback ed. Dell Pub., 2005. ISBN 9780553804577
* Vise, David A. The Bureau and the Mole: the Unmasking of Robert Philip Hanssen, the Most Dangerous Double Agent in FBI History. 1st ed. Grove/Atlantic, Inc., 2002. ISBN 9780871138347
* Vise, David A., and Gary Williams. Sweet Redemption: How Gary Williams and Maryland Beat Death and Despair to Win the NCAA Basketball Championship. Hardcover ed. Sports Pub., L.L.C., 2002.
* Vise, David A., and Steve Coll. Eagle on the Street: Based on the Pulitzer-Prize Winning Account of the SEC's battle with Wall Street. Paperback ed. Scribner, 1998.
# Shilveh-ye Sofla

Shilveh-ye Sofla (Persian: شيلوه سفلي, also Romanized as Shīlveh-ye Soflá; also known as Shelveh-ye Soflá and Shīlveh-ye Pā’īn) is a village in Ojarud-e Sharqi Rural District, Muran District, Germi County, Ardabil Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 117, in 22 families.
# Gamma Pegasi

Gamma Pegasi is a star in the constellation of Pegasus, located at the southeast corner of the asterism known as the Great Square. It has the formal name Algenib /ælˈdʒiːnɪb/; the Bayer designation Gamma Pegasi is Latinized from γ Pegasi and abbreviated Gamma Peg or γ Peg. The average apparent visual magnitude of +2.84 makes this the fourth-brightest star in the constellation. The distance to this star has been measured using the parallax technique, yielding a value of roughly 470 light-years (144 parsecs).

## Nomenclature

Gamma Pegasi is the star's Bayer designation. Although it also had the traditional name Algenib, this name was also used for Alpha Persei. In 2016, the International Astronomical Union organized a Working Group on Star Names (WGSN) to catalog and standardize proper names for stars. The WGSN's first bulletin of July 2016 included a table of the first two batches of names approved by the WGSN; which included Algenib for this star (Alpha Persei was given the name Mirfak).
The asterism of γ Pegasi and α Andromedae, in Hindu astronomy, is called Uttara Bhādrapadā (उत्तरभाद्रपदा) or Uttṛṭṭāti. It is the 26th nakshatra. In Chinese, 壁宿 (Bìxiù), meaning Wall (asterism) refers to an asterism consisting of γ Pegasi and α Andromedae . Consequently, the Chinese name for γ Pegasi itself is 壁宿一 (Bìxiù yī, English: the First Star of Wall.)

## Properties

In 1911, American astronomer Keivin Burns discovered that the radial velocity of Gamma Pegasi varied slightly. This was confirmed in 1953 by American astronomer D. Harold McNamara, who identified it as a Beta Cephei variable. (At the time he actually identified it as a Beta Canis Majoris star, which was subsequently designated a Beta Cephei variable.) It has a radial pulsation period of 0.15175 days (3.642 hours), but also shows the behavior of a slowly pulsating B star (SPB) with three additional pulsational frequencies. Hence it is considered a hybrid pulsator. Its magnitude varies between +2.78 and +2.89 over the course of each pulsation cycle.
This is a large star with almost nine times the mass of the Sun and close to five times the Sun's radius. The stellar classification of B2 IV suggests this is a subgiant star that is exhausting the hydrogen at its core and is in the process of evolving away from the main sequence. It is either rotating very slowly with no measurable rotational velocity or else it is being viewed from nearly pole-on. Gamma Pegasi has a total luminosity of 5,840 times that of the Sun, which is being radiated from its outer atmosphere at an effective temperature of more than 21,000 K. At this temperature, the star glows with a blue-white hue.
The star has a weak magnetic field (from -10 G to 30 G, an upper bound on a dipolar magnetic field strength of about 40 G).
# Tau, Iglinsky District, Republic of Bashkortostan

Tau (Russian: Тау; Bashkir: Тау, Taw) is a rural locality (a village) in Lemezinsky Selsoviet, Iglinsky District, Bashkortostan, Russia. The population was 174 as of 2010. There are 2 streets.

## Geography

Tau is located 70 km east of Iglino (the district's administrative centre) by road. Ulu-Yelan is the nearest rural locality.
# Netherlands women's cricket team in Sri Lanka in 1998–99

The Netherlands women's national cricket team toured Sri Lanka in March 1999. They failed to win a single match in the five-match One Day International series against Sri Lanka, losing the series 5–0.

## Squads

| Sri Lanka | Netherlands |
| Rasanjali Silva (c) Vanessa Bowen Thanuga Ekanayake (wk) Hiruka Fernando Rose Fernando Chandrika Lakmalee Kalpana Liyanarachchi Gayathri Kariyawasam Ramani Perera Chamani Seneviratna Suthershini Sivanantham Champa Sugathadasa Chaturi Thalagalage | Pauline te Beest (c) (wk) Teuntje de Boer Martika Flieringa (wk) Jolet Hartenhof Leonie Hoitink Jiska Howard Iris Jharap Maartje Köster Sandra Kottman Caroline Rambaldo Carolien Salomons Annemarie Tanke Eugenie van Leeuwen Carly Verheul |

## WODI Series
### 1st ODI

* 21 March 1999 Scorecard
| Netherlands 84 (46.4 overs) | v | Sri Lanka 88/3 (21.5 overs) |
| Jiska Howard 18 (–) Rasanjali Silva 3/13 (9 overs) | | Hiruka Fernando 23 (–) Caroline Rambaldo 2/24 (5.5 overs) |
* Sri Lanka Women won by 7 wickets St Thomas College Ground, Moratuwa Umpires: Nandasena Pathirana (SL) and Ron de Bouter (Net)
* Sri Lanka Women won the toss and elected to field.
* Teuntje de Boer, Martika Flieringa, Leonie Hoitink (Net) and Champa Sugathadasa (SL) all made their WODI debuts.

### 2nd ODI

* 23 March 1999 Scorecard
| Sri Lanka 229/5 (46 overs) | v | Netherlands 152/8 (46 overs) |
| Vanessa Bowen 45 (–) Maartje Köster 1/16 (4 overs) | | Jiska Howard 66 (–) Ramani Perera 2/42 (10 overs) |
* Sri Lanka Women won by 77 runs Singhalese Sports Club Cricket Ground, Colombo Umpires: Gamini Dissanayake (SL) and Ron de Bouter (Net)
* Sri Lanka Women won the toss and elected to bat.
* Match reduced to 46 overs per side due to rain.

### 3rd ODI

* 25 March 1999 Scorecard
| Netherlands 93/7 (50 overs) | v | Sri Lanka 95/1 (28.1 overs) |
| Leonie Hoitink 16 (–) Chamani Seneviratna 2/11 (8 overs) | | Hiruka Fernando 41* (–) Caroline Rambaldo 1/19 (7.1 overs) |
* Sri Lanka Women won by 9 wickets De Soysa Stadium, Moratuwa Umpires: Ranmore Martinesz (SL) and Ron de Bouter (Net)
* Sri Lanka Women won the toss and elected to field.
* Iris Jharap and Carly Verheul (Net) both made their WODI debuts.

### 4th ODI

* 29 March 1999 Scorecard
| Sri Lanka 240/8 (50 overs) | v | Netherlands 145/8 (50 overs) |
| Chaturi Thalagalage 68 (–) Carolien Salomons 3/27 (10 overs) | | Pauline te Beest 57 (–) Ramani Perera 4/32 (10 overs) |
* Sri Lanka Women won by 95 runs R. Premadasa Stadium, Colombo Umpires: PU Ariyawansa (SL) and Ron de Bouter (Net)
* Sri Lanka Women won the toss and elected to bat.
* Eugenie van Leeuwen (Net) made her WODI debut.

### 5th ODI

* 30 March 1999 Scorecard
| Netherlands 162/6 (50 overs) | v | Sri Lanka 163/3 (41.5 overs) |
| Maartje Köster 58* (–) Ramani Perera 3/39 (10 overs) | | Hiruka Fernando 65* (–) Iris Jharap 1/20 (4 overs) |
* Sri Lanka Women won by 7 wickets R. Premadasa Stadium, Colombo Umpires: Gamini Dissanayake (SL) and Ron de Bouter (Net)
* Netherlands Women won the toss and elected to bat.
# Macular corneal dystrophy

Macular corneal dystrophy, also known as Fehr corneal dystrophy, is a rare pathological condition affecting the stroma of cornea first described by Arthur Groenouw in 1890. Signs are usually noticed in the first decade of life and progress afterwards, with opacities developing in the cornea and attacks of pain. This gradual opacification leads to visual impairment often requiring keratoplasty in the later decades of life.

## Epidemiology

While Macular Corneal Dystrophy is found throughout the world, countries with the highest prevalence include Iceland, Saudi Arabia, India, and the United States. In Iceland, MCD accounts for almost one-third of all corneal grafts performed. Estimates from Claims Data in the United States place the prevalence of MCD at 9.7 per million, which represents less than 1% of corneal dystrophies.

## Pathophysiology

Macular Corneal Dystrophy is an autosomal recessive genetic disorder caused by mutations in the carbohydrate sulfotransferase gene (CHST6), resulting in abnormal proteoglycan synthesis. The accumulation of abnormal glycosaminogycans in the corneal epithelium and stroma leads to progressive opacification of the cornea and subsequent loss of visual acuity. There are three variants of MCD characterized by immunophenotype:
* Type 1: no detectable keratan sulfate in either the serum or cornea
* Type 1A: keratan sulfate is absent in the serum but stroma shows immunoreactivity to keratan sulfate antibodies
* Type 2: normal amounts of keratan sulfate in the serum and stroma
These three variants are clinically and histopathologically indistinguishable.

## Signs and Symptoms

The first signs of MCD are cloudy regions that appear on the cornea during adolescence, although opacification may be noticed as early as the first decade. These minute, gray, punctate opacities will over time merge into larger areas, causing the entire corneal stroma to become opaque. Ultimately this results in severe visual impairment, generally before the 5th decade of life.
While some individuals remain asymptomatic, initial symptoms typically consist of painful attacks with photophobia, foreign body sensations, and recurrent erosions. Corneal sensitivity is also reduced.

## Diagnosis

Histopathological staining shows characteristic alcian blue-positive deposits. Various imaging modalities, including confocal microscopy and ocular coherence tomography, can provide information about the changes within the cornea and may be suitable replacements for tissue biopsy and excision.

## Treatment and Prognosis

When visual acuity is impacted, various forms of keratoplasty are often indicated. While corneal transplant has traditionally been the standard treatment, less-invasive surgical techniques such as deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty and photo-therapeutic keratectomy are increasingly playing a role in management of MCD. While post-operative prognosis is favorable, reoccurrences may occur.
Various gene therapies, including enzyme replacement therapy and gene-targeting therapy, remain a potential future treatment modality for MCD.
# Espart

Espart (Persian: اسپارت, also Romanized as Espārt) is a village in Baraan-e Shomali Rural District, in the Central District of Isfahan County, Isfahan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 586, in 158 families.
# Panir railway station

Panir Railway Station (Urdu: پانیر ریلوے اسٹیشن, Balochi: پانیر ریلوے اسٹیشن) was a railway station located in Paniri village, Kachhi district of Balochistan province, Pakistan.
# Kiharu Constituency

Kiharu Constituency is an electoral constituency in Kenya. It is one of seven constituencies of Muranga County. The Murang'a town is located within this constituency. Between 1966-1983 the constituency was known as Mbiri Constituency.
Kenneth Matiba, a prominent Kenyan politician, represented this constituency previously. Currently, the constituency is being represented by Ndindi Nyoro, a politically energetic young man.

## Members of Parliament

| Elections | MP | Party | Notes |
| 1963 | Jesse Mwangi Gachago | KANU | |
| 1966 | Julius Gikonyo Kiano | KANU | One-party system |
| 1969 | Julius Gikonyo Kiano | KANU | One-party system |
| 1974 | Julius Gikonyo Kiano | KANU | One-party system |
| 1979 | Kenneth Matiba | KANU | One-party system |
| 1983 | Kenneth Matiba | KANU | One-party system. |
| 1988 | Kenneth Matiba | KANU | One-party system. |
| 1990 | Gidraph Mwangi Mweru | KANU | By-elections, one-party system |
| 1992 | Kenneth Matiba | Ford-Asili | |
| 1997 | Ignatius Ngenye Kariuki | Safina | |
| 2002 | Kembi Gitura | NARC | |
| 2007 | Barnabas Muturi Mwangi | Sisi Kwa Sisi | |
| 2013 | Irungu Kang'ata | TNA | |
| 2017 | Ndindi Nyoro | Jubilee Party | |
| 2022 | Ndindi Nyoro | United Democratic Alliance | |

## Locations and wards

| Locations | Population |
| Gaturi | 34,020 |
| Gikindu | 13,648 |
| Kahuhia | 14,720 |
| Mbiri | 17,065 |
| Mugoiri | 31,508 |
| Murarandia | 30,733 |
| Township | 21,332 |
| Weithaga | 16,442 |
| Total | 179,468 |
| 1999 census. ||
| Ward | Registered Voters | Local Authority |
| Central | 4,194 | Muranga municipality |
| Gaturi | 15,330 | Muranga county |
| Gikindu | 5,525 | Muranga county |
| Hospital | 3,942 | Muranga municipality |
| Kahuhia | 7,221 | Muranga county |
| Maragi | 2,023 | Muranga municipality |
| Mbiri Rural | 5,675 | Muranga county |
| Mugoiri | 15,501 | Muranga county |
| Mukuyu | 3,336 | Muranga municipality |
| Mumbi | 2,584 | Muranga municipality |
| Murarandia | 15,755 | Muranga county |
| Njoguini | 2,073 | Muranga municipality |
| Weithaga | 8,044 | Muranga county |
| Total | 91,203 |
| *September 2005. ||