OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Spatharokandidatos

Spatharokandidatos (Greek: σπαθαροκανδιδᾶτος), Latinized as spatharocandidatus, was a mid-ranking Byzantine court dignity used in the 7th–11th centuries.

## History

The title was created as a portmanteau of the titles spatharios and kandidatos, both of which were types of palace guards in the 4th–6th centuries. The earliest references to the title occur in the History of Sebeos and in a letter by Pope Gregory II to Emperor Leo III the Isaurian (r. 717–741). John B. Bury accepted a creation in the early 7th century, but the title is clearly attested only from the early 9th century on. In the 9th-century lists of precedence (Taktika), the dignity ranks below that of dishypatos and above that of spatharios among the dignities intended for 'bearded men' (i.e. non-eunuchs). Its distinctive insigne (brabeion) was a golden chain (maniakion) worn around the chest.
The dignity was not given to eunuchs, for whom the corresponding dignity was that of spatharokoubikoularios. Judging from sigillographic evidence, the dignity was associated mostly with mid-level ranks, such as notarioi and lower judges. In the lists of offices known as the Taktika, the dignity corresponds to specific positions in the lower tier of the senior civil and military hierarchy, such as those of asekretis (senior secretary), kleisourarches (commander of a frontier district), topoteretes (deputy commander) of a tagma, or tourmarches (divisional commander) of a thema. The last attested mention of the title is in 1094, and it was dropped from use at the latest in the 12th century.

## In Popular Culture

The title is rarely encountered in popular culture, but in Season 3, Episode 3 of the historical drama series Vikings: Valhalla, the characters representing the Byzantine general Georgios Maniakes and the Viking Harald Sigurdsson (Harald Hardrada) are depicted receiving it as reward for a victory in Sicily. Hardrada is played by Leo Suter, and Maniakes is played by Florian Munteanu.
# Colombian Institute of Culture

The Colombian Institute of Culture (Spanish: Instituto Colombiano de Cultura; short name Colcultura) (1968–1997), was established by the Colombian government in 1968 to manage official activity in the cultural arena and to serve as a cultural intermediary between the government and the people.
The Institute was a division of the National Ministry of Education, charged with preserving, promoting, and encouraging Colombian popular, archeological, historical, and artistic culture. Main focus was to stimulate scientific research, reading by the public, and the spread of books, public libraries, cultural centers, and museums. It assisted the country's regional governments in setting up their own cultural programs. The Colombian Institute of Anthropology and History (ICANH) was part of the Colombian Institute of Culture.
In 1997, the national government created the Ministry of Culture, replacing the Institute. As a Ministry, the new organization could be larger and more powerful, covering other aspects of culture as well, such as ethnic groups, youth, and film production.
# Tinnoset Station

Tinnoset Station (Norwegian: Tinnoset stasjon) is a disused railway station on the Tinnoset Line located at Tinnoset in Notodden, Norway. At the station's docks wagons were transferred from trains to the Tinnsjø railway ferry.
The station building is built in a nationally romantic style with logs, designed by architect Thorvald Astrup. It was finished in 1908 but did not open until August 9, 1909. It remained staffed until 1988. On January 1, 1991, the station closed after all passenger traffic was ended on the Tinnoset Line, as was freight traffic the following summer.
# Erdal Church

Erdal Church (Norwegian: Erdal kirke) is a parish church of the Church of Norway in Askøy Municipality in Vestland county, Norway. It is located in the village of Erdal. It is the church for the Erdal parish which is part of the Vesthordland prosti (deanery) in the Diocese of Bjørgvin. The concrete and glass church was built in a long church design in 1995 using plans drawn up by the architect Jostein Tveit. The church seats about 500 people.

## History

The church was built in 1995 by the architect Jostein Tveit. The original church was small (seating about 160 people) and it was meant to be an interim church that could be used while funds were raised and plans made for expanding the building to a full church. The interim church was consecrated on 12 February 1995 by the Bishop Ole D. Hagesæther. In 2006, the church addition was completed, vastly expanding the building. The present church is about 860 square metres (9,300 sq ft) and it can seat about 500 people. The new addition was consecrated on 3 September 2006.
# Velonades

Velonades (Greek: Βελονάδες) is a village and a community of the municipal unit of Esperies, in the northern part of the island of Corfu, Greece. The community includes the villages Kounavades, Livadi and Psathylas. Velonades is located northwest of the city of Corfu.

## Population

| Year | Village population | Community population |
| 1981 | - | 802 |
| 1991 | 338 | - |
| 2001 | 473 | 958 |
| 2011 | 392 | 863 |
| 2021 | 398 | 908 |
# The Greens of the Community of Madrid

The Greens of the Community of Madrid (Spanish: Los Verdes de la Comunidad de Madrid, LVCM) is a Spanish political party.
# Padehi, Sistan and Baluchestan

Padehi (Persian: پده اي, also Romanized as Padeh’ī and Padehī; also known as Padai, Padā’ī, Padegī, and Padī) is a village in Qorqori Rural District, Qorqori District, Hirmand County, Sistan and Baluchestan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 130, in 33 families.
# Carl Maria von Weber Museum

The Carl Maria von Weber Museum is a cultural site in Dresden, in Saxony, Germany. The composer Carl Maria von Weber (1786–1826) lived here during part of his career; the house is now a museum about his life and work.

## History
### Weber in Hosterwitz

The building is the only home of the composer still in existence. It is in Hosterwitz [de], at that time a village, now part of Dresden, and was originally a vine-grower's house. It was rented by Weber from Gottfried Felsner; during the summer months from 1818 to 1819, and 1822 to 1824, the composer and his family lived here.
He regarded his times here as the happiest of his life; he liked to take walks in the Keppgrund, a rural area nearby. He received at the house guests including the composers Louis Spohr and Johann Nepomuk Hummel, and the soprano Wilhelmine Schröder-Devrient.
A room on the upper floor (now furnished in the fashion of his day) was Weber's composing room. He wrote here large parts of his operas Der Freischütz and Euryanthe, the outline of his opera Oberon, and Invitation to the Dance.

### The museum

After the death of the composer's great-granddaughter Mathilde von Weber in 1956, who made her estate available, rooms of the building were opened to the public in 1957 with an exhibition. The building was renovated from 1973 to 1976. Since 1995 it has been a branch of the Dresden City Museum.
There are letters, music manuscripts, pictures and other items relating to Carl Maria von Weber, and furniture of the day. Concerts, lectures and other events are held here.
# Chlum Svaté Maří

Chlum Svaté Maří (in 1961–1990 Chlum nad Ohří; German: Maria Kulm) is a municipality and village in Sokolov District in the Karlovy Vary Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 300 inhabitants.

## Notable people

* Josef Stingl (1919–2004), German politician
# Darreh Vazan-e Sofla

Darreh Vazan-e Sofla (Persian: دره وزان سفلي, also Romanized as Darreh Vazān-e Soflá; also known as Darreh Vazān-e Pā'īn) is a village in Saheb Rural District, Ziviyeh District, Saqqez County, Kurdistan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 190, in 34 families. The village is populated by Kurds.
# The Witcher: Monster Slayer

The Witcher: Monster Slayer (Polish: Wiedźmin: Pogromca Potworów) was a geolocation-based role-playing video game developed by Spokko, part of the CD Projekt group. The game was released for Android and iOS on July 21, 2021, and is a prequel to the main Witcher game series.
In late 2022, CD Projekt announced that the game will be shut down on June 30, 2023, after determining that the game did not live up to business expectations. The game will be no longer be available for download after January 31 and all in-app purchases will be disabled by then. Some Spokko employees who worked on the game are expected to be laid off. The game shut down as scheduled.

## Gameplay

In the game, players take on the role of a witcher. The game world is an image of the real world, which is supported by Google Maps. The player has to move around in the real world in order to move around in the witcher game world. The location is taken over by the location function of the end device. On the game world, the player will find all kinds of monsters, herbs or orders. Depending on the topography as well as the time of day or night, players will encounter different objects. Monsters from one of ten different classes appear in three different rarities: common, rare and legendary, with rarer ones being more dangerous and difficult to kill.
Players can choose to engage any monster that is within the immediate area in a one-on-one fight. As witchers, they have a sword, sign-casting and explosives at their disposal, all controlled with the touchscreen, in a manner similar to the Nintendo DS version of Deep Labyrinth, to defeat the monster they choose to engage, and must leverage the monster's weaknesses (such as choosing either fast or strong sword strikes) to inflict more damage and build up a critical hit meter for a chance to pass a quick-time event to inflict such hit for extra damage, while being careful to parry enemy attacks with the sword. Players also can craft oils and potions with portable crafting stations that require repair after overuse to gain advantages in combat, while bombs can be purchased, found or even crafted later on. In addition to individual battles, players can also meet characters, which then lead to small quests.

## Reception

Aggregate score :
| Aggregator | Score |
| Metacritic | 72/100 |
The game received "mixed or average" reviews according to review aggregator Metacritic. The game reached over half a million downloads on the Play Store within three days of its release. By the time the game's shutdown was announced, over 100 million in-game monsters had been slain.
# Samsun-Amasya Regional

The Samsun-Amasya Regional is a rail service operated by TCDD Transport. It runs daily between the Black Sea city of Samsun and the inland town of Amasya. The trains operate on the Samsun–Kalın railway. It takes 3 hours to travel 133 km and has been criticised as very slow.
# Aksakovo, Karmaskalinsky District, Republic of Bashkortostan

Aksakovo (Russian: Аксаково) is a rural locality (a village) in Karmaskalinsky Selsoviet, Karmaskalinsky District, Bashkortostan, Russia. The population was 28 as of 2010. There are 5 streets.

## Geography

Aksakovo is located 9 km southeast of Karmaskaly (the district's administrative centre) by road. Novotroitsk is the nearest rural locality.
# Chekan-Tamak

Chekan-Tamak (Russian: Чекан-Тамак; Bashkir: Сәкәнтамаҡ, Säkäntamaq) is a rural locality (a selo) in Nizhnezaitovsky Selsoviet, Sharansky District, Bashkortostan, Russia. The population was 78 as of 2010. There are 3 street.

## Geography

Chekan-Tamak is located 33 km west of Sharan (the district's administrative centre) by road. Nizhnezaitovo is the nearest rural locality.
# 26th SS Police Regiment

The 26th SS Police Regiment (German: SS-Polizei-Regiment 23) was initially named Police Regiment North Norway (Polizei-Regiment Nord-Norwegen) when it was formed in early 1941 after the German invasion of Norway in 1940 from existing Order Police (Ordnungspolizei) units for security duties there. It was redesignated as the 26th Police Regiment in mid-1942 before it received the SS title in early 1943.

## Formation and organization

Police Regiment North Norway was formed on 16 February 1941 with Police Battalions (Polizei-Batallion) 256, 302 and 312 under its control. The regiment maintained a strength of three battalions through July 1942, although the individual battalions were frequently rotated in and out. The regiment was renamed the 26th Police Regiment in July 1942 and Police Battalions 251, 255, and 256 were redesignated as the regiment's first through third battalions, respectively. All of the police regiments were redesignated as SS police units on 24 February 1943. The regiment was transferred to German in May and arrived in Belarus the following month. It was destroyed in July 1944 and formally disbanded in November.
# Tashtau

Tashtau (Russian: Таштау; Bashkir: Таштау, Taştaw) is a rural locality (a selo) in Semiletovsky Selsoviet, Dyurtyulinsky District, Bashkortostan, Russia. The population was 212 as of 2010. There are 3 streets.

## Geography

Tashtau is located 21 km southwest of Dyurtyuli (the district's administrative centre) by road. Nizhneatashevo is the nearest rural locality.
# Mohammad Karim Kushki

Mohammad Karim Kushki (Persian: محمدكريم كوشكي, also Romanized as Moḥammad Karīm Kūshḵī; also known as Mohammadkarim) is a village in Tarhan-e Gharbi Rural District, Tarhan District, Kuhdasht County, Lorestan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 247, in 52 families.
# Unearned increment

Unearned increment is an increase in the value of land or any property without expenditure of any kind on the part of the proprietor; it is an early statement of the notion of unearned income. It was coined by John Stuart Mill, who proposed taxing it so that it benefits every member of a society.

## History

Mill's concept was refined and developed by nineteenth-century economist Henry George in his book Progress and Poverty (1879). George argued that the value of land increased as population growth expanded the division of labor. A landowner's exclusive claim to their land granted them the ability to collect the excess productivity as economic rent. Thorstein Veblen further developed the concept, pointing out that the value of a piece of land was also dependent on current technological capabilities.
Veblen thought the unearned increment increased as the industrial arts advanced, so the argument could be extended from land to capital goods. Focusing on the role of technical knowledge in the creation and operation of capital, Veblen argues the unearned increment in the case of capital is in the monopolization of the community's knowledge. As industrial methods advance and the unit of industrial equipment grows larger, it becomes feasible to monopolize the required materials for earning a living, effectively monopolizing a portion of the community's knowledge.
For both George and Veblen, the unearned increment emerges from the actions of an individual with the ability to exclusively use a community asset in order to generate profit. The profit takes the form of an unearned increment because the individual reaping the profit didn't create the land (or knowledge) used to do so. Both thinkers also argued that such monopolization of the community's resources would lead to the creation of economic slavery.
# Counting Blue Cars

"Counting Blue Cars (Tell Me Your Thoughts on God)" is a song by American alternative rock band Dishwalla from their 1995 A&M Records album Pet Your Friends. It is their only hit song, peaking at number 15 on the US Billboard Hot 100 and topping the same magazine's Modern Rock Tracks chart in 1996. It received two ASCAP awards (1997 and 1998) as the most-played song of the year on radio in the United States.

## Writing and inspiration

Dishwalla lead singer J. R. Richards wrote 'Counting Blue Cars' "rather quickly", telling the "story of a young boy's spiritual journey". He said the lyrics are about a conversation with the child within himself, but was inspired by an actual chat with his 10-year-old neighbor. Richards said:
   From that younger perspective, I think we take things in a much more honest way because we are not being biased by how we're supposed to all think the same. So this idea of God, being an omnipotent being, could be a male or female. We always refer to God as a male, so why not make it a female?
   I started creating imagery to describe this journey, trying to think about what it was like to be a kid and the things that you would do. It quickly came together—I didn't think too much about it. But it did end up being one of the songs that really affected people both positively and negatively. I never thought I'd ever have a song I'd get death threats for writing.
As quoted, Richards received death threats after the single's release from listeners who were upset about God's depiction as a female in the song.

## Chart performance

"Counting Blue Cars" was highly popular on the radio, peaking at number four on pop airplay and number five on Hot AC airplay in 1996. It became a number-one Modern Rock Track for one week in June 1996 and a number two Mainstream Rock Track. It peaked at number 15 on the Billboard Hot 100 and showed longevity by remaining on the chart for nearly a year at 48 weeks. In March 2022, the song received a gold certification from the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA) for digital sales and streams of over 500,000 units.

## Certifications

| Region | Certification | Certified units/sales |
| United States (RIAA) | Gold | 500,000$^‡$ |
| $^‡$ Sales+streaming figures based on certification alone. |||

## Release history

| Region | Date | Format(s) | Label(s) |
| United States | February 27, 1996 | CD | A&M |
| United States | April 9, 1996 | Contemporary hit radio | A&M |
| Japan | December 9, 1996 | CD | A&M |
# Kozmice (Opava District)

Kozmice (German: Kosmütz) is a municipality and village in Opava District in the Moravian-Silesian Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 1,900 inhabitants. It is part of the historic Hlučín Region.

## History

The first written mention of Kozmice is from 1349. On 1 July 1973, Kozmice became part of the town of Hlučín, but the municipality once again became independent on 1 January 1993.
# Cham Konar, Dezful

Cham Konar (Persian: چم كنار, also Romanized as Cham Konār) is a village in Darreh Kayad Rural District, Sardasht District, Dezful County, Khuzestan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 83, in 15 families.
# Dolní Lánov

Dolní Lánov (German: Nieder Langenau) is a municipality and village in Trutnov District in the Hradec Králové Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 800 inhabitants.
# Firebase Fiddler's Green

Fiddler's Green was an expeditionary fire base in Afghanistan built by the United States Marine Corps. It was located off Route 605 in Nawa-I-Barakzayi District of Helmand Province near the border with Pakistan at what the Marine Corps considered a "chokepoint to Taliban activity." It was originally built by the 3rd Battalion, 11th Marines in 2009 for Operation Strike of the Sword.
It was built on a flood plain, requiring Marine engineers to make improvements to the
infrastructure.
# Hugh d'Aubigny, 5th Earl of Arundel

Hugh d'Aubigny, 5th Earl of Arundel (died 7 May 1243) was the last in the Aubigny male line to hold Arundel Castle.
He was the son of William d'Aubigny, 3rd Earl of Arundel and younger brother of William d'Aubigny, 4th Earl of Arundel. He inherited his title on the death of his elder brother in 1224. He also inherited the position of hereditary Chief Butler of England for life. In 1242, he was one of the seven earls who accompanied King Henry in his expedition to Aquitaine.
He died on 7 may 1243 and was buried at Wymondham Abbey in Norfolk. His large estates were divided amongst his four sisters and their issue. His title of Earl of Arundel was inherited by his nephew John FitzAlan, 6th Earl of Arundel, son of his sister Isabel d'Aubigny.
He had married Isabel de Warenne (c. 1228–1282), daughter of William de Warenne, 5th Earl of Surrey and Maud Marshal (1192–1248). She was 17 at the time of his death and they had no children. His widow never remarried but became an important countess who founded the Cistercian Abbey at Marham and may have been buried in the Convent Church in Marham.
# Seyyed Yusef

Seyyed Yusef (Persian: سيديوسف, also Romanized as Seyyed Yūsef and Seyyed Yūsof; also known as Seyyed Yūsol) is a village in Mosharrahat Rural District, in the Central District of Ahvaz County, Khuzestan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 66, in 15 families.
# Szczytno County

Szczytno County (Polish: powiat szczycieński) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, northern Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and largest town is Szczytno, which lies 45 kilometres (28 mi) south-east of the regional capital Olsztyn. The only other town in the county is Pasym, lying 18 km (11 mi) north-west of Szczytno.
The county covers an area of 1,933.1 square kilometres (746.4 sq mi). As of 2006 its total population is 69,289, out of which the population of Szczytno is 25,680, that of Pasym is 2,550, and the rural population is 41,059.

## Neighbouring counties

Szczytno County is bordered by Mrągowo County to the north, Pisz County to the east, Ostrołęka County to the south-east, Przasnysz County to the south, Nidzica County to the west and Olsztyn County to the north-west.

## Administrative division

The county is subdivided into eight gminas (one urban, one urban-rural and six rural). These are listed in the following table, in descending order of population.
| Gmina | Type | Area (km²) | Population (2006) | Seat |
| Szczytno | urban | 10.0 | 25,680 | |
| Gmina Szczytno | rural | 347.3 | 10,454 | Szczytno * |
| Gmina Dźwierzuty | rural | 263.4 | 6,631 | Dźwierzuty |
| Gmina Wielbark | urban-rural | 347.9 | 6,257 | Wielbark |
| Gmina Świętajno | rural | 279.8 | 5,879 | Świętajno |
| Gmina Rozogi | rural | 224.0 | 5,643 | Rozogi |
| Gmina Pasym | urban-rural | 149.4 | 5,184 | Pasym |
| Gmina Jedwabno | rural | 311.5 | 3,561 | Jedwabno |
| * seat not part of the gmina |||||

## Historical population

In 1825 Szczytno County (Kreis Ortelsburg) had 38028 inhabitants, including by mother tongue: 34928 (~92%) Polish and 3100 (~8%) German.
# Albertine Thackwell

Albertine Anne Thackwell (19 June 1863 – 22 September 1944) was a British archer who competed at the 1908 Summer Olympics in London. She was born in Alcester. Thackwell competed at the 1908 Games in the only archery event open to women, the double National round competition. She took 15th place in the event with 484 points.
She died at her home in Little Comberton on 22 September 1944.
# 1966 Xingtai earthquakes

The Xingtai earthquake (Chinese: 邢台大地震; pinyin: Xíngtái Dà Dìzhèn) was a sequence of major earthquakes that took place between March 8 and March 29, 1966, in the area administered by the prefecture-level city of Xingtai in southern Hebei province, People's Republic of China.
The first earthquake with magnitude 6.0 on the moment magnitude scale and epicenter in Longyao County occurred in the early morning of March 8, 1966. It was followed by a sequence of five earthquakes above magnitude 6 that lasted until March 29, 1966. The strongest of these quakes had a magnitude of 6.8 and took place in the southeastern part of Ningjin County on March 22. The earthquake damage included 8,064 dead, 38,000 injured and more than 5 million destroyed houses.

## Earthquakes

| Date (YYYY-MM-DD) | Time (UTC) | Latitude | Longitude | Depth | Magnitude |
| 1966-03-07 | 21:29:19 | 37.156° N | 114.875° E | 20 km (12 mi) | 6.5 (M$_w$ ) |
| 1966-03-22 | 08:11:37 | 37.535° N | 115.039° E | 20 km (12 mi) | 6.2 (M$_w$ ) |
| 1966-03-22 | 08:19:36 | 37.545° N | 115.061° E | 20 km (12 mi) | 6.8 (M$_w$ ) |
| 1966-03-26 | 15:19:04 | 37.714° N | 115.275° E | 20 km (12 mi) | 6.0 (M$_w$ ) |
| 1966-03-29 | 12:00:00 | 37.464° N | 115.127° E | 20 km (12 mi) | 6.0 (M$_w$ ) |