OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Sutton Wick

Sutton Wick is a hamlet contiguous with the village of Drayton, in the Vale of White Horse district, in the county of Oxfordshire, England. It was part of Berkshire until the 1974 boundary changes transferred it to Oxfordshire.

## Governance

Sutton Wick was formerly a township in the parish of Sutton-Courtney, in 1866 Sutton Wick became a separate civil parish, on 1 April 1934 the parish was abolished and merged with Drayton, Abingdon and Sutton Courtenay. In 1931 the parish had a population of 267.

## Air crash

A Blackburn Beverley C.Mk 1 heavy transport aircraft on a flight from RAF Abingdon crashed at Sutton Wick on 5 March 1957. All but four of the 22 people aboard were killed in the accident, and two people were killed on the ground.
# Elsa Carlsson

Elsa Elvira Carlsson, Elsa Elvira Karlsson (13 February 1892 – 13 October 1978) was a Swedish stage and film actress.

## Partial filmography

* Nortullsligan (1923) - Girl in sewing circle
* Modern Wives (1932) - Ebba Tallén
* Pettersson & Bendel (1933) - Agda Alvin
* Simon of Backabo (1934) - Mademoiselle Claire de la Meunière (uncredited)
* The Marriage Game (1935) - Polly, hennes väninna
* Conscientious Objector Adolf (1936) - Aunt Maria
* Adventure (1936) - Countess Lagercrona
* 65, 66 and I (1936) - Lisa Pettersson
* The Andersson Family (1937) - Maria Andersson
* Rosor varje kväll (1939) - Mrs. Hyltén
* Oh, What a Boy! (1939) - Mrs. Blomberg
* The Crazy Family (1940) - Fru Laura Blom
* Hanna in Society (1940) - Lucie Hummerberg
* Älskling, jag ger mig (1943) - Annie Carleman
* How to Love (1947) - Ebba Lindgren von Hacken
* The Bride Came Through the Ceiling (1947) - Augustine Lejoncrona
* Banketten (1948) - Agnes
* Fiancée for Hire (1950) - Mrs. Winkler
* The Nuthouse (1951) - Adolf's aunt
* Getting Married (1955) - Emilia
* Egen ingång (1956) - Mrs. Petreus
* Mother Takes a Vacation (1957) - Elisabeth Broms
* Fröken Chic (1959) - Margit van Boren
* The Wedding Day (1960) - Victoria Blom
* Tre önskningar (1960) - Mrs. Anglin
* Do You Believe in Angels? (1961) - The Aunt
# The Little Grey Mouse

The Little Grey Mouse is a 1920 American silent drama film directed by James P. Hogan and starring Louise Lovely, Sam De Grasse, Rosemary Theby, and Philo McCullough. The film was released by Fox Film Corporation on October 31, 1920.

## Cast

* Louise Lovely as Beverly Arnold
* Sam De Grasse as John Cumberland
* Rosemary Theby as Hedda Kossiter
* Philo McCullough as Stephen Grey
* Clarence Wilson as Henry Lealor
* Gerard Alexander as Mrs. Lealor (as Mrs. Gerard Alexander)
* Willis Marks as Old John

## Preservation

The film is now considered lost.
# António Stromp

António Stromp (13 June 1894 – 6 July 1921) was a Portuguese sprinter. He competed in the men's 100 metres at the 1912 Summer Olympics. He was one of the founders of Sporting CP where he was also a football player, tennis player and fencer.

## Personal life

He was son of Francisco Reis Stromp, a medical doctor, brother of Francisco Stromp, a co-founder and footballer of Sporting CP, and died from syphilis.
# Ghazi, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa

Ghazi (Urdu: غازی) is an administrative subdivision of Haripur District in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan. Assistant Commissioner of Ghazi is Fizza Mohsin. She started her service on 24 February 2022.
A number of villages located in Ghazi's midst are Hassanpur, Essa, Khalo, Pipliala, Khairbara, Kohtehra and Hamlet Colony. Villages
* Bhai
* Bharwasa
* Isa
* Jalu
* Khalo
* SalamKhand
* Gahara*
* Jammun
* Sobra
* Pipliala
# Bessingby

Bessingby is a village and former civil parish, now in the parish of Bridlington, in the East Riding of Yorkshire, England. It lies immediately south-east from the A614, approximately 1.5 miles (2.4 km) south-west from Bridlington. In 1931 the parish had a population of 106.

## History

Bessingby appears to be a site of Prehistoric and Roman occupation. Fragments of Neolithic axes have been discovered, and cropmarks indicating trackways, ditch boundaries and enclosures have been seen at Bessingby High Field, 0.5 miles (0.8 km) to the south of the village, and just to the east, near to the A165 road. A further archeological site is that of a now non-existent water mill, noted as extant in 1418, that could have been sited on Gypsey Race.
In the Domesday Book of 1086 the village is written as “Basingebi”or “Basinghebi”. It consisted of 3 villagers, 1 freeman and 4 burgesses, 37 ploughlands, 1.5 plough teams, a meadow of 8 acres (0.032 km$^2$) and a church. In 1066 lordship of the manor was held by Earl Morcar, being transferred to King William in 1086. The Conqueror gave the village to Gilbert de Gant, his nephew; its ownership was later transferred to Bridlington Priory during the reign of Henry I.
In 1808 Benjamin Pitt Capper recorded 17 houses and a Bessingby population of 87. By 1837 Moule noted 83 inhabitants, and St Magnus's church, rebuilt in 1766, containing monuments to H. Hudson (d.1826), and his wife Lady Ann (d.1818). Hudson's seat was Bessingby Hall at the north of the village, inherited by his son Sir James Hudson (1810–1885), a private secretary under William IV, later in Foreign Service at Rio de Janeiro and Turin. In July 1825 William Scoresby, Arctic explorer and scientist, became curate of Bessingby, before leaving to become Chaplain of the Mariners' Church, a floating ministry at Liverpool, in November 1826. In 1892 Bessingby and its parish contained 171 inhabitants, within an area of 1,269 acres (5.14 km$^2$). Agricultural production was chiefly wheat, oats and beans. By then, the manor, Hall and estate had been purchased from the Hudson family by George Wright JP, who provided in his will for the construction of the new village church, St Magnus.
On 1 April 1935 the civil parish was abolished and merged with Bridlington and Carnaby.

## Buildings

Bessingby's Grade II* listed Anglican church is dedicated to St Magnus. Built in 1893–94 by Temple Moore, in 14th-century style, it replaced an earlier 1767 brick church. A crenellated tower with short steeple sits centrally between nave and chancel. Detailing is of Decorated Gothic style, with stained glass by Kempe, dated 1900. There is a 1570 cup by Robert Beckwith, and a 1704 paten by Seth Lofthouse. Tablet monuments are to the Hudson family, by R. J. Wyatt. Pevsner's view of the church is that "It is competent, but no more".
Bessingby Hall, Grade II listed, was built by Thomas Cundy in 1807, in yellow brick with sash windows and Grecian portico. Further listed buildings attached to the Hall are its former Keepers' Cottage, and a pigeoncote, both 17th century.
# Tryokhgorny

Tryokhgorny (Russian: Трёхго́рный, lit. (a town of) three mountains) is a closed town in Chelyabinsk Oblast, Russia, located in the western part of the oblast 200 kilometers (120 mi) from Chelyabinsk. Population: 33,670 (2010 Census); 34,290 (2002 Census).

## History

On January 24, 1952, the Council of Ministers of the USSR issued decree No. 342—135сс/оп to build Plant #933 (Instrument Factory) for the production of atomic bombs. Konstantin Volodin headed the new plant. On April 9, 1952, first construction workers arrived to the area.

## Administrative and municipal status

Within the framework of administrative divisions, it is incorporated as the Town of Tryokhgorny—an administrative unit with the status equal to that of the districts. As a municipal division, the Town of Tryokhgorny is incorporated as Tryokhgorny Urban Okrug.

## Closed status

The town is closed because a plant producing nuclear weapons is located there.
# Xie Caizhen

Xie Caizhen (Chinese: 谢采真; pinyin: xiè cǎi zhēn) was a Chinese actress, writer and film director recognised to be the first woman in China to direct a film. Other than her appearance in three films and her one directorial role, little is known about her life prior to or following her film career. However, she had a sister, a father who did support her career, and was born in Hankou, in January, sometime in the 1900s. The film she directed and which she also wrote and appeared in was named An Orphan's Cry (孤雏悲声) (1925).
Xie was active during the 1920s and 1930s silent era of film and originally worked at the Shanghai Shadow Play Company which was established in 1920 by early Chinese film director Dan Duyu. Here she was cast in two films by Duyu, Return to the Hometown (重返故乡) (1925) and Little Master (小公子) (1925).
Later she is said to have worked for a short-lived production company run by director Li Jiran called Nanxing Film Company where she gained her directorial debut. The film which was the company's only feature produced during its lifetime was called An Orphan's Cry (孤雏悲声) (1925) and was a melodrama involving a dysfunctional family. Upon the film's release it is said to have caused a sensation among audiences owing to the director being female and the film's complex storyline.
Xie Caizhen disappeared from newspaper headlines after 1926, however a tiny section on the Da gong wan bao (大公晚報) Newspaper from 1944 has a section about her.
Her husband was Y.C Zai.
# Giulia Cassini Rizzotto

Giulia Cassini Rizzotto (15 June 1865 – 24 August 1943) was an Italian actress and film director, kindergarten teacher, novelist, translator and writer. She appeared in many films in Italy including Malombra (1917) and Fabiola (1918).

## Biography

Rizzotto was born in 1865 into a family of theatre actors with her father, Giuseppe Rizzotto a dialect actor who had his own theatre troupe. She first appeared on stage in his troupe.
They worked together as daughter and father on the Latium Film in Rome, Giulia Cassini Rizzotto met Alfonso Cassini; and they married in 1902. Her husband was a film actor throughout his life. She made her film debut in 1912 at the age of forty-seven where she appeared in melodrama films set in Rome.
An early appearance was in 1914 in Paternità, a short film that also starred Alfonso Cassini and Eugenio de Liguoro. Her directing career from the 1910s to the early 1920s includes La Piccola Manon (1920) and Scugni (1918).
She had her own acting school in Rome named School of Cinematic Art Cassini Rizzotto. She was one of the first Italian women to be behind the camera. She worked on five films, with her most recognisable film being her first, Scugni, in 1918. It was produced by her and her husband. He had written the script and acted under her direction.
Unfortunately due to the low recognition of female directors and actresses in the early 1900s film footage is hard to gather and most of Rizzotto's work is hard to come by. Her second film was co-directed with Mario Corsi and it was not fiction but it concerned the life of Leonardo da Vinci.$^{:116}$ In 1920 she directed two films produced by Perseo Film and were both described as large. Her acting in La Piccola Manon was well received but Lya Isauro and Alberto Monti who took leading roles less so.
Her fifth and last film she directed was Mosca Cieca (Blindman's Buff). This film is extant.$^{:116}$ The film's story was her idea and it involved two couples where the women are rich and the men are penniless aristocrats. It was funded by the Vatican and the cast employed genuine nobility.$^{:116}$ The premiere was in Rome, featured at a special evening.$^{:116}$
In later life, towards the end of the 1920s, Rizzotto travelled to Argentina with Maria Melato's theatre group, following the death of her husband. She opened an acting school in Buenos Aires and worked there until her death in 1943.

## Selected filmography
### Acting

* Redde rationem - 1912
* Capriccio fatale! - 1912
* Il romanzo di Luisa - 1913
* Christus [it] - 1914
* Pulcinella - 1915
* Camille - 1915
* La falena - 1916
* Alla capitale - 1916
* Gli onori della guerra - 1917
* Fabiola - 1918
* Scugni - 1918
* La piccola Manon - 1920
* Germaine - 1923
* Triboulet - 1923

### Directing

* Leonardo Da Vinci - 1919$^{:116}$
* A Mosca cieca - 1924$^{:116}$
# Domingo González de Acosta

Domingo González de Acosta (1628–1715) was a Spanish politician, who served as alcalde and comandante of Buenos Aires during the Habsburg period.

## Biography

He was born in Buenos Aires, the son of Antonio González de Acosta, a Portuguese merchant, and María Sanabria, daughter of Antón García Caro and María Gómez Méndez de Sotomayor. His wife was Francisca Marquina, daughter of Francisco de Uzueña and Isabel Marquina, belonging to a family from Santiago del Estero.
Domingo González de Acosta was elected Mayor of first vote of the city of Buenos Aires in 1689. He also served as Mayordomo of Buenos Aires in 1660, and was appointed as Alférez Real, in charge of carrying the Royal standard during the festival of Saint Martin of Tours.
# Junko Matsui

Junko Matsui (7 December 1906 – 1 August 1989) (松井潤子 in Japanese, or まつい じゅんこ in kana) was a Japanese actress in silent and sound films in the 1920s and 1930s.

## Early life

Junko Matsui was born in Asakusa, Tokyo; her older sister Chieko Matsui was also an actress. She attended Daiichi Girls' High School.

## Career

Matsui started on stage as a young woman, beginning when she substituted for her sister in a show. On stage she was known as Kiyomi Matsui. She joined the Shochiku Komata film studio with her sister. She appeared in dozens of silent and sound films in the 1920s and 1930s.
Matsui was most often cast as modern young women in silent comedies and melodramas, most notably in Days of Youth (1929), directed by Yasujirō Ozu, in which two college men are rivals for her character's attentions while they all enjoy a ski holiday at Akakura. She had supporting roles in the melodramas Haha o kowazuya (A Mother Should Be Loved, 1934), also directed by Yasujirō Ozu, and in Kazoku Kaigi (Family Meeting, 1936), directed by Yasujirō Shimazu.
Matsui retired from the screen in 1940, but appeared in one film after World War II, Natsukashi no buruusu (The Nostalgia Blues, 1948).

## Personal life

Matsui married professional baseball player and team manager Shigeru Mizuhara in 1935. He died in 1982, and she died in 1989, at the age of 82.
# EV/Ebitda

Enterprise value/EBITDA (more commonly referred to by the acronym EV/EBITDA) is a popular valuation multiple used to determine the fair market value of a company. By contrast to the more widely available P/E ratio (price-earnings ratio) it includes debt as part of the value of the company in the numerator and excludes costs such as the need to replace depreciating plant, interest on debt, and taxes owed from the earnings or denominator. It is the most widely used valuation multiple based on enterprise value and is often used as an alternative to the P/E ratio when valuing companies believed to be in a high-growth phase, and thus credits enterprises with higher startup costs, high debt relative to equity, and lower realised earnings.

## Use

A key advantage of EV/EBITDA is that it is independent of the capital structure (i.e. the mixture of debt and equity). Therefore this multiple can be used to compare companies with different levels of debt. It also avoids the significant shortcoming of the P/E ratio which can be materially affected by the level of leverage in the company.
For benchmarking purposes, an industry-average EV/EBITDA multiple is often calculated. This is based on a sample of listed companies to be used for comparison to the company of interest. An example of such an index is one that provides an average EV/EBITDA multiple on a wide sample of transactions on private companies in the Eurozone.
The reciprocal multiple EBITDA/EV is used as a measure of cash return on investment.
# Pavel Gusev (footballer)

Pavel Panteleyevich (in some sources Panteleymonovich) Gusev (Russian: Павел Пантелеевич (Пантелеймонович) Гусев; born 2 January 1953) is a Russian professional football coach and a former player.

## Playing career

He played four games in the 1981–82 European Cup Winners' Cup for SKA Rostov-on-Don after winning the Soviet Cup with the team in 1981.

## Managerial career

Until 1 August 2013, he worked as a manager with Ural Yekaterinburg and in 2013 promoted them to the Russian Football Premier League for the first time since 1996.
# Hypatos

Hypatos (Greek: ὕπατος; pl.: ὕπατοι, hypatoi) and the variant apo hypatōn (ἀπὸ ὑπάτων; lit. 'from among the consuls') was a Byzantine court dignity, originally the Greek translation of Latin consul (the literal meaning of hypatos is 'the supreme one', which reflects the office, but not the etymology of 'consul'). The dignity arose from the honorary consulships awarded in the late Roman Empire, and survived until the early 12th century. It was often conferred upon the rulers of the south Italian principalities. In Italian documents the term was sometimes Latinised as hypatus or ypatus, and in Italian historiography one finds ipato. The feminine form of the term was hypatissa (ὑπάτισσα).
The creation of ordinary consuls in Late Antiquity was irregular, and after their division in 395, the two halves of the Roman Empire tended to divide the two consulships between them; the office, which had become both purely honorary and quite expensive to hold, sometimes lay vacant for years. The emperors were often ordinary consuls, and after 541, with the exception of the emperor, who assumed the office on his accession, no ordinary consuls were appointed. From that point on, only honorary consulships were granted, and the title declined much in prestige. Throughout the 6th to 9th centuries there is ample sigillographic evidence of functionaries bearing the title, usually attached to mid-level administrative and fiscal posts. In the late 9th-century hierarchy, however, as related by the Kletorologion of Philotheos, it was one of the lower dignities intended for "bearded men" (i.e. non-eunuchs), ranking between the spatharios and the strator. Its badge of office (brabeion), whose award also conferred the dignity, was a diploma. In the Escorial Taktikon, written c. 975, the hypatos appears to be a regular office instead of an honorary dignity, endowed with judicial duties according to Nicolas Oikonomides. In the 11th century, the title rose again in importance, apparently outranking the protospatharios, but disappeared entirely by the mid-12th century.
The title was often conferred to the rulers of south Italian city-states of the Tyrrhenian coast, which recognised Byzantine authority in the 9th through 11th centuries. Eventually, with the waning of Byzantine power in the region, these rulers took on more familiar Latin titles like consul and dux, modern duke. The most famous hypatoi were those of Gaeta. John I of Gaeta won the title patrikios from the Byzantine emperor, as a reward for defeating the Saracens. In Gaeta, the feminine title hypatissa (Italian: ipatessa) was replaced by doukissa (ducissa) during the reign of Docibilis II of Gaeta and his wife Orania, in the first half of the 10th century.
The title was the root of the titles anthypatos (lit. 'vice-consul', the original translation of proconsul) and dishypatos (lit. 'twice consul'), as well as the office of hypatos ton philosophon (ὕπατος τῶν φιλοσόφων, lit. 'chief of the philosophers'), a title given to the head of the imperial university of Constantinople in the 11th-14th centuries.
# Karen Caspersen

Karen Caspersen (20 August 1890 – 14 May 1941) was a Danish actress. She appeared in more than 30 films between 1910 and 1939. She was credited as Karen Sandberg in the Danish version of Blind Justice (1916), as well as Katherine Sanders in the US Version.

## Selected filmography

* The Mysterious X (1914)
* Blind Justice (1916)
* David Copperfield (1922)
* Little Dorrit (1924)
* The Clown (1926)
* Hotel Paradis (1931)
* Millionærdrengen (1936)
# Qarqa, Sarab

Qarqa (Persian: قارقا, also Romanized as Qārqā) is a village in Abarghan Rural District, in the Central District of Sarab County, East Azerbaijan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 398, in 73 families.
# Usolsky District, Perm Krai

Usolsky District (Russian: Усо́льский райо́н) is an administrative district (raion) of Perm Krai, Russia; one of the thirty-three in the krai. As a municipal division, it is incorporated as Usolsky Municipal District. It is located in the center of the krai. The area of the district is 4,666 square kilometers (1,802 sq mi). Its administrative center is the town of Usolye. Population: 14,232 (2010 Census); 13,398 (2002 Census); 16,265 (1989 Soviet census). The population of Usolye accounts for 40.0% of the district's total population.

## Geography

About 70% of the district's territory is covered by forests, mostly coniferous.

## History

The district was established in August 1940 as Voroshilovsky District. Present name was given to it in 1957.

## Demographics

Ethnic composition (according to the 2002 Census):
* Russians: 93.8%
* Komi-Permyak people: 1.7%
* Tatars: 1.4%

## Economy

The economy of the district is based on forestry and timber industry, production of furniture, and agriculture.

## Notable residents

* Vasily Boryagin (1919–1998), fitter and production-rationalizer, Honored citizen of Berezniki, Hero of Socialist Labor, born in Lenva
* Andrey Voronikhin (1759–1814), architect and painter, born in Novoe Usolye
# Chanaq Bolagh, East Azerbaijan

Chanaq Bulagh (Persian: چناق بلاغ, also Romanized as Chanāq Bulāgh) is a village in Sardabeh Rural District, Central District, Ardabil County, Ardabil Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 42, in 14 families.
# Brathering

Brathering (/ˈbrɑːtˌheɪrɪŋ/ listen; German: ; English: "fried herring") is a simple and traditional German dish of marinated fried herring. It is typical of the cuisine in northern Germany and the northern parts of the Netherlands, either for lunch or as a snack at fast food stands or take-out restaurants.

## Preparation

Usually, the green (i.e., fresh) herring with the heads and guts removed are either breaded or simply turned in flour, then fried, and finally pickled in a marinade of white vinegar and briefly boiled water, onion, salt, spices like pepper, bay leaves, mustard seeds, and a little sugar. The thin bones of the green herring are partially dissolved in the marinade, so that they hardly interfere with eating.
If refrigerated, fried herring may be preserved for up to two weeks. Brathering is also available as a commercial product in cans.

## Typical servings

Brathering itself is served well pervaded and cold, together with warm fried potatoes (Bratkartoffeln) or cold potato salad (Kartoffelsalat).
Sometimes, Brathering is also offered as part of fish sandwiches (Fischbrötchen).

## In culture

* Martin Luther stated that Brathering served with cooked green peas and mustard was one of his favorite dishes.

## Literature

* Koios, Eloi Rylan (2011): Brathering. List of Raw Fish Dishes, Fish (Food), and Seafood. TRACT. ISBN 978-613-8-59305-8.
* Organisation for Economic Co-Operation and Development (2009) Multilingual Dictionary of Fish and Fish Products Page 147, John Wiley & Sons. ISBN 978-140-5-15760-5.
# Infanta Branca, Lady of Guadalajara

Branca of Portugal (1198 – Guadalajara, c. 1240; Portuguese pronunciation:; English: Blanche) was a Portuguese infanta (princess), eighth child of Portuguese King Sancho I and Dulce of Aragon, was probably the twin sister of Berengaria, she was raised in the court with her father and his mistress "a Ribeirinha" and, when she was eight or ten years old, was sent to live with her sisters at the Monastery of Lorvão. She was a nun at a convent in Guadalajara and was interred at the Monastery of Santa Cruz in Coimbra where her mother was buried.

## Ancestry

Ancestors of Branca of Portugal :