OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Fred Grossinger

Fred Grossinger (January 1, 1936 – November 21, 1995), better known as Fred Holliday, was an American stage, film, and television actor. He starred in more than one thousand television commercials from the late 1950s through the 1980s.

## Career

From the late 1950s to the mid 1990s, Holliday also made guest appearances on more than one hundred and fifty television shows, including Gunsmoke, Ben Casey, Gomer Pyle: USMC, Dragnet, That Girl, The Mod Squad, Nanny and the Professor, Dan August, Ironside, Lassie, Mission:Impossible, Adam-12, The F.B.I., McCloud, Columbo, Eight is Enough, Lou Grant, The Love Boat, Galactica 1980, The Facts of Life, Falcon Crest, Dynasty, Gimme a Break!, Riptide, Matlock, Knots Landing, Jake and the Fatman and Empty Nest. He was one of the Mighty Carson Art Players on NBC's The Tonight Show Starring Johnny Carson for twelve years, performed in the daytime dramas as Ron Wyche in Days of Our Lives, as the manager at the Capwell Hotel in Santa Barbara, in nighttime dramas such as John Atherton in Dallas and was host of a short-lived daytime show, The Girl in My Life, on ABC between 1973 and 1974.
His movie credits include A Patch of Blue (1965), Airport (1970), Colossus: The Forbin Project (1970), First Family (1980), Edge of the Axe (1988), and Lobster Man from Mars (1989). Holliday appeared in more than fifty Broadway and regional theater productions.
Professionally, Holliday served on the local board of directors of the Los Angeles chapter of AFTRA for ten years, as well as serving on the national board of AFTRA.
He was also active in the Screen Actors Guild.
Holliday was married to Judy Kapler. He had one daughter, Debra Jeanne (Grossinger) Rouse, from his first marriage to Nancy King.

## Death

Holliday died in Los Angeles on November 21, 1995, at the age of 59. The cause of death was a heart attack.

## Filmography

| Year | Title | Role | Notes |
| 1958 | Wind Across the Everglades | Slow Boy | Uncredited |
| 1963 | The Prize | Swedish Officer (Nudist Meeting) | Uncredited |
| 1964 | The New Interns | Intern | Uncredited |
| 1965 | A Patch of Blue | Man | Uncredited |
| 1967 | A Guide for the Married Man | Party Guest #6 | |
| 1970 | Airport | Chester Jennings - Passenger | Uncredited |
| 1970 | Colossus: The Forbin Project | Military Computer Entry - Missile Launch | Uncredited |
| 1972 | Lapin 360 | | |
| 1980 | First Family | U. N. Official #1 | |
| 1988 | Edge of the Axe | Frank McIntosh | |
| 1989 | Lobster Man from Mars | Colonel Ankrum | |
# A Korean-English Dictionary

A Korean-English Dictionary (Korean: 한영자전; 한영자뎐; 한영ᄌᆞ뎐; Hanja: 韓英字典) is a 1897 dictionary originally compiled by Canadian missionary in Korea James Scarth Gale that described words in the Korean language in English. It was the second ever English-Korean dictionary (after Horace Grant Underwood's 한영ᄌᆞ뎐), and the largest at the time of its publication. The dictionary played a major role in the learning of English in Korea, and reportedly remained significant even until 1968, when a new major dictionary was published. The dictionary also contained one of the earliest major romanization systems for Korean, which achieved some adoption by other missionaries.
The dictionary was first published by Kelly & Walsh in Yokohama, Empire of Japan and printed by The Yokohama Bunsha. It originally consisted of two sections: a Korean-English dictionary and a Chinese-English dictionary. The book was originally bound in leather. It was revised and republished three times over time. In its 1911 edition under a different Korean title (한영사전; 韓英辭典), the word order was rearranged, new words were added, and the Chinese portion of the dictionary was deleted. It was reprinted a third time in 1931 in Keijō (Seoul), under a different Korean title (한영대사전; 韓英大辭典).
# Sayf Rahim

Sayf Rahim (Russian: Сайф Рахим; Tajik: Сайф Раҳим, formerly Dektur) is a jamoat in Tajikistan. It is located in Baljuvon District in Khatlon Region. The jamoat has a total population of 7,305 (2015).
# Hinagdanan Cave

Hinagdanan Cave is a cave in the municipality of Dauis on Panglao Island, in Bohol Province, in the Philippines. It is a naturally lighted cavern with a deep lagoon and many large stalactites and stalagmites.
The cave is lit by sunlight which filters through holes in the ceiling. The underground lake is a popular swimming spot, but it has been known to test for high levels of various pollutants, since it is fed by ground runoff.
Hinagdanan Cave is made of limestone. Its entrance is a hole about 1 metre in diameter, visible from a limestone hill. Cement steps lead to the interior. The cave is slippery, but there's a rope railing to hold on to. The cave is filled with sleeping birds in small holes in the ceiling. The sunlight that enters the cave make it unsuitable for bats.
Hinagdanan Cave was accidentally discovered when the area's owner was clearing decaying branches. He threw a stone into the hole and heard a splash. After building a ladder to enter the cave, he named it Hinagdanan ("laddered").
The cave is about 100 metres long, with many beautiful stalagmite and stalactite rock formations. There is a lagoon with a green hue produced by the green limestone at its bottom. People used to bathe there, but it is no longer advised due to karst pollutants in the water.
# Sorkheh Hesar

Sorkheh Hesar (Persian: سرخه حصار, also Romanized as Sorkheh Ḩeşār) is a village in Kandovan Rural District, Kandovan District, Meyaneh County, East Azerbaijan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 184, in 29 families.
# Lophoplusia psectrocera

Lophoplusia psectrocera is a moth of the family Noctuidae. It was first described by George Hampson in 1913. It is endemic to the Hawaiian island of Maui.
# Valley fault system

Valley fault system is the common name for fault systems in valleys and basins including:
* Marikina Valley fault system
* Independence Valley fault system
* Wabash Valley fault system
# Leonese People's Union

The Leonese People's Union (Spanish: Unión del Pueblo Leonés, Leonese: Unión del Pueblu Llionés, UPL) is a regional political party in Castilla y León, Spain. UPL strives to establish a separate autonomous community (Comunidad Autónoma de León or Autonomous Community of León) for the provinces of León, Zamora and Salamanca (center of the old Kingdom of León), now in the Autonomous Community of Castilla y León. Such a movement is known as Leonesism.

## History

UPL was founded in 1986 by a group of people coming from different León regionalist movements and various statewide parties (Popular Alliance, Union of the Democratic Centre, Spanish Socialist Workers' Party). Initially it was known as Leonesist Union (Unión Leonesista, UNLE). It adopted its current name in 1991, when José María Rodríguez de Francisco took over the leadership of the party. In the municipality of León the party obtained three seats in the municipal council. It also won one seat in the provincial council.
In the municipal elections in 2007, UPL obtained 10.88% and three seats in the municipal council of León. In the Castile and León autonomous elections the same year, it obtained 2.69% of the votes and two seats over 83.
Its youth branch was Conceyu Xoven, an organization that promotes official status for the Leonese language and the unity and self-determination for the Leonese Country. Conceyu Xoven was expelled from the party due to its radical positions, with the Leonist Youth being designated the new youth wing of UPL.

## Electoral performance
### Cortes of Castile and León

| Date | Votes | Votes | Votes | Seats | Seats | Status | Size |
| Date | # | % | ±pp | # | ± | Status | Size |
| 1987 | 8,960 | 0.6% | – | 0 / 84 | – | N/A | 8th |
| 1991 | 11,432 | 0.8% | +0.2 | 0 / 84 | 0 | N/A | 6th |
| 1995 | 39,425 | 2.5% | +1.7 | 2 / 84 | 2 | Opposition | 4th |
| 1999 | 54,158 | 3.7% | +1.2 | 3 / 84 | 1 | Opposition | 3rd |
| 2003 | 60,331 | 3.9% | +0.2 | 2 / 82 | 1 | Opposition | 3rd |
| 2007 | 41,519 | 2.7% | –1.2 | 2 / 83 | 0 | Opposition | 3rd |
| 2011 | 26,660 | 1.9% | –0.8 | 1 / 84 | 1 | Opposition | 4th |
| 2015 | 19,176 | 1.4% | –0.5 | 1 / 84 | 0 | Opposition | 6th |
| 2019 | 27,888 | 2.0% | +0.6 | 1 / 84 | 0 | Opposition | 7th |
| 2022 | 52,098 | 4.3% | +2.3 | 3 / 81 | 2 | Opposition | 6th |
# Plevun

Plevun (Bulgarian: Плевун, Greek: Πλαβού) is a village in the municipality of Ivaylovgrad, in Haskovo Province, in southern Bulgaria.
The name of the village, derives from its Greek name during the Middle Ages, "Παλαιοβοῦνι" (Paleovouni).
# Tabreh Castle

32°39′20.31″N 51°41′24.84″E﻿ / ﻿32.6556417°N 51.6902333°E﻿ / 32.6556417; 51.6902333
Tabreh Castle (Persian: دژ طبره) was a historical castle in Isfahan County in Isfahan Province, The longevity of this fortress dates back to the Sasanian Empire.
# Mexican Federal Highway 25

Federal Highway 25 (Spanish: Carretera Federal 25, Fed. 25) is a tollfree part of the federal highways corridors (Spanish: los corredores carreteros federales). It starts in Viñedos Rivier, Aguascalientes, runs east, then runs northeast to San Marcos, Zacatecas, just past Loreto, Zacatecas.
# Château de Castanet

The Château of Castanet is a French château built in the 16th century in Pourcharesses near Villefort in Lozère, France.

## Overview

The territory of Castanet has its origin of its name ("chestnut") in the Occitan language, as chestnut trees are the most common tree in the territory. The château is next to the lake of Villefort, an artificial lake created behind a dam, whose company went bankrupt building the dam.

## History

The château was built in 1578 by Jacques Isarn, a noble of Villefort. This family continued to grow in importance until marriage to a descendant by Marie-Suzanne de Varicourt, Marquise de Villefort, nourisher and savior of the future King of France Louis XV. This event led the family to move to Versailles.
It was sold in 1760 and after the emigration of the last owner, it was sold again as a national asset during the French Revolution. After that, the château belonged to farmers.
In 1962, the national company Electricité de France decided to build a dam in the valley. It expropriated the chateau from the last owners and planned to destroy the château but the villagers revolted and entered the château to make an Inventory of Historical Monuments. In 1964, the E.D.F. assigned the monument to the community of communes of Villefort. The château was reinforced to protect it from dangers of the lake.
In 2000, a fire destroyed the château but after extensive renovation, it reopened its doors in 2006. It now hosts a permanent exhibition on the history of the region and temporary exhibitions of artists and craftsmen.
# Eusynstyela misakiensis

Eusynstyela misakiensis is a tunicate that is found in the western Pacific from Japan to Indonesia.
# Roman Sanzhar

Roman Sanzhar (Ukrainian: Роман Миколайович Санжар; born 28 May 1979) is a former Ukrainian professional football midfielder and current Ukrainian coach.

## Career

In December 2012, Sanzhar announced his retirement and became the assistant coach for the Ukrainian First League club FC Olimpik Donetsk. In 17 April 2013 he was appointed as interim coach to the same club after working during the short time as assistant coach in this club. He helped the club win the 2013–14 Ukrainian First League and win promotion to the Ukrainian Premier League.
# Baffin coastal tundra

The Baffin coastal tundra is a small ecoregion of the far north of North America, on the central north coast of Baffin Island in the Canadian territory of Nunavut. This is permafrost tundra with an average annual temperature below freezing.

## Setting

This ecoregion is a small stretch of coastal plain on the north coast of Baffin Island. The coast is rocky with many fjords carved by glaciers into the Baffin Mountains. The cold Arctic climate consists of a short summers (mean temperature 1°C) and a long, cold winter (mean temperature -22.5°C).

## Flora

The plant cover is sparse in the drier areas while the wetter areas have a fair cover of mosses, sedges, shrubs such as purple saxifrage, Arctic willow, and Arctic poppy and rushes.

## Fauna

This coast is a breeding area for the snow bunting and is home to polar bear, Arctic hare, Arctic fox, lemming, and caribou.

## Threats and preservation

This ecoregion is almost intact although there are no protected areas.
# Château de Florac

The Château de Florac is a castle, originally built in the 13th century and then rebuilt in the 17th century, located in the French town of Florac, in Lozère, in south-central France.
It originally belonged to the Barony of Anduze and passed through a number of feudal families. The castle was entirely rebuilt in 1652 after the Wars of Religion. During the French Revolution, the castle was turned into a "salt loft" for storing salt. It was then used as a prison in the 19th century.

## Modern use

Since 1976, the castle has been the headquarters of the Cévennes National Park, who restored it.
The ground and first floors house an exhibition on the National Park (landscape, flora, fauna and activities connected with the park). The information centre has details of hiking, guided tours, accommodation and écomusées (open-air museums) in the park.

## Gallery

* Information panel
* Panorama
* View of the château
* The former prison
# RAF Wartling

RAF Wartling was a Royal Air Force station located near the village of Wartling in East Sussex. It was a Second World War and later Cold War Ground Controlled Interception (GCI) station built to complement the nearby Chain Home station at RAF Pevensey.

## Second World War

Wartling became operational in 1941 and was used to control fighter aircraft and guide them towards approaching German aircraft. Originally based in caravans the station had a brick-built operations block that came into operation in July 1943. Wartling helped track and destroy 380 German V1 flying bombs. Although the nearby RAF Pevensey had closed in December 1945, Wartling remained open as one of the few remaining GCI stations in the South of England.

## Cold War

With the threat of attack using nuclear weapons the station was used as part of the ROTOR air defence radar system and a protected underground operations rooms was built at Wartling. Construction started at the end of 1951 but was not completed until February 1955. In 1956 a new Decca AMES Type 80 search radar was installed to replace the earlier equipment. With the increased range of the Type 80 radar other radar stations in the South East began to close and in April 1958 it became a Master Radar Station responsible for all British airspace South of the Thames.
In 1959 it supplied the last known radar trace to accident investigators following the fatal crash of the prototype Handley Page Victor B.2 serial number XH668. When other Master Radar Stations were modernised in the 1960s Wartling went out of use and finally closed on 3 December 1964. The site was sold in 1976.
# Ermengol VI

Ermengol or Armengol VI (1096 – 1154), called el de Castilla ("the one from Castile"), was the count of Urgell from 1102 until his death. He was the son and successor of Ermengol V and María Pérez, daughter of Count Pedro Ansúrez, Lord of Valladolid, who became the young Ermengol's tutor when he was orphaned in 1102.

## Life

Ermengol VI was born in 1096 in Valladolid, whence his nickname comes. During his minority, he was under the regency of his grandfather, Pedro Ansúrez, but the real power lay in the hands of Guerau II of Cabrera and Raymond Berenguer III of Barcelona. With their help, the young count conquered Balaguer in 1105 and made it his capital.
Ermengol collaborated with Alfonso the Battler in the 1118 capture of Zaragoza and in the expedition of Alfonso VII the Emperor, for whom he served as mayordomo mayor, against Almería in 1147. In 1146, he was one of the commanders of Alfonso's army at the battle of Albacete. In 1133, Ermengol ceded Andorra to the Bishop of Urgell. He had good relations with the House of Barcelona and he accompanied Raymond Berenguer IV to Provence in 1144. In 1149, he assisted Raymond Berenguer in the conquest and repopulation of Lleida, receiving one-third of the city, which was thenceforward part of his dominion.
He was a patron of several religious establishments, including Solsona Cathedral as well as the Monastery of Santa María de Retuerta in Valladolid, which had been founded by his father-in-law, Pedro Ansúrez.
On 24 March 1144, Count Ermengol drafted his will and named several executors, including his wife Elvira and his father-in-law Count Rodrigo González de Lara. Even though he asked to be buried at Solsona Cathedral, when he died in the Kingdom of Castile on 20 June 1154, he was buried at the Monastery of Santa María de Valbuena, founded by his sister Stephanie, the widow of Fernando García de Hita and Rodrigo González de Lara.

## Marriages and issue

Before August 1126, Ermengol married Arsenda de Cabrera, daughter of Guerau II de Cabrera, first Viscount of Àger, and sister of Ponce Giraldo de Cabrera. They divorced and she married as her second husband Galcerán de Sales, son of Arnaldo Iohannis, with whom she had a son, also named Galcerán de Sales, who died with his half-brother Ermengol VII. Ermengol and Arsenda were the parents of:
* Ermengol VII, who succeeded his father as Count of Urgell.
Ermengol VI married a second time, before September 1135, to Elvira Rodríguez, daughter of Count Rodrigo González de Lara and Sancha of Castile, an illegitimate daughter of King Alfonso VI of León. To this union were born:
* María, better known as Maria de Almenara, lady of Miranda de Ebro, Almenara and Palazuelos de la Sierra, the wife of Lope López de Vizcaya, a natural son of Count Lope Díaz I de Haro. María was buried at the Abbey of Santa María la Real de Las Huelgas.
* Isabel de Urgell – in 1152, Ermengol and his wife Elvira negotiated the marriage of this daughter with Ramon Folc III of Cardona.
# School Gyrls (album)

School Gyrls is the debut album by American girl group School Gyrls, released in the United States on March 23, 2010. It peaked at No. 118 on the Billboard 200 and topped the Billboard Top Heatseekers chart. It was preceded by the singles "Something Like a Party", "I'm Not Just a Girl" and "Get Like Me".

## Background

After their own School Gyrls movie, the group released their debut album. Although no promotion was carried out and all of the singles failed to chart, the album was still released and charted on the Billboard 200. It was only released in the U.S. and has not been planned to be released elsewhere.

## Track listing

* "Something Like a Party" – 4:21
* "Detention" – 2:40
* "What Goes Around" – 2:48
* "Just a Kiss" – 2:54
* "Something About Him" – 2:29
* "I'm Not Just a Girl" – 3:22
* "Extra Extra" – 3:15
* "Get Like Me" (feat. Mariah Carey) – 3:15
* "Uncool" – 3:03
* "Cheater" – 3:48
* "Operator" (US iTunes Store and international digital bonus track) – 3:22

## Charts

| Chart (2010) | Peak position |
| US Billboard 200 | 118 |
| US Top Heatseekers | 1 |

## Release history

| Region | Date | Format | Label |
| United States | March 23, 2010 | CD, digital download | Island Records |
# Industrial Democracy

Industrial Democracy (1st edn 1897; 9th edn 1926) is a book written by British socialist reformers Sidney Webb and Beatrice Webb, concerning the organisation of trade unions and collective bargaining. The book introduced the term industrial democracy to the social sciences, which has since gained a different meaning in modern industrial relations.
Industrial Democracy was published in 1897, three years after the Webbs published History of Trade Unionism, an account of the roots and development of the British trade union movement.

## Contents

Industrial Democracy is divided into three parts. The first part concerns the structure of trade unions and concludes that "Trade Unions are democracies; that is to say their internal constitutions are all based on the principle 'government of the people by the people for the people.'" Part II focuses on the function of trade unions and specifically the method of collective bargaining. The third part delves into the theory of trade unions.

### Part I, Trade union structure

Part I explores how unions are representative institutions, and provide the basis of fair governance of the workplace.

### Part II, Trade union function

Part II explores how unions developed systems of mutual insurance for minimum standards and collectively bargained for their members.

### Part III, Trade union theory

Chapter I explains orthodox theories of economists at the time, and their "verdict" against the need for labour regulation. Chapter II sets out a theory of the "Higgling of the Market" where labour has a persistently unequal position. Chapter III explores what trade unions typically do to improve wages and conditions, through a national minimum and collective bargaining.
Chapter IV explores trade unionism and democracy, and looks toward the future of regulation. The imbalance of behaviour between employers and employees was described by the Webbs as follows.
   The capitalist is very fond of declaring that labour is a commodity, and the wage contract a bargain of purchase and sale like any other. But he instinctively expects his wage-earners to render him, not only obedience, but also personal deference. If the wage contract is a bargain of purchase and sale like any other, why is the workman expected to tip his hat to his employer, and to say 'sir' to him without reciprocity?

## Significance

Industrial Democracy had a profound impact on the British labour movement, and socialism worldwide. It was translated into multiple languages, including a translation into Russian by Vladimir Lenin.
# Carmanova

Carmanova (Moldovan Cyrillic: Карманова; Russian: Карманово, romanized: Karmanovo; Ukrainian: Карманове, romanized: Karmanove) is a commune in the Grigoriopol District of Transnistria, Moldova. It is composed of four villages: Carmanova, Cotovca (Russian: Котовка, romanized: Kotovka; Ukrainian: Котівка, romanized: Kotivka), Fedoseevca (Russian: Федосеевка, romanized: Fedorseevka, Ukrainian: Федосіївка, romanized: Fedosiivka) and Mocearovca (Russian: Мочаровка, romanized: Mocharovka, Ukrainian: Мочарівка, romanized: Mocharivka). It is currently under the administration of the breakaway government of the Transnistrian Moldovan Republic. Carmanova was known during the 19th century as Neudorf and was inhabited by Bessarabia Germans.
According to the 2004 census, the population of the village was 2,257 inhabitants, of which 551 (24.41%) were Moldovans (Romanians), 1,092 (48.38%) Ukrainians and 476 (21.08%) Russians.
# Ann Veronica (film)

Ann Veronica is a 1952 British TV version of the 1909 H. G. Wells novel of the same name.
It stars Margaret Lockwood. Lockwood was going to make a film version of this book in 1950 after Highly Dangerous. The project kept being delayed.
She made it after Trent's Last Case. She wrote "I had already developed a great liking for televised plays and this one was an interesting part."
The production was well received.
In 1964 the novel was adapted into a four-part BBC series Ann Veronica starring Rosemary Nicols.