OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Tang Taf

Tang Taf (Persian: تنگ تاف, also Romanized as Tang Tāf; also known as Tang Nāf) is a village in Zalaqi-ye Gharbi Rural District, Besharat District, Aligudarz County, Lorestan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 68, in 11 families.
# Roger Stirn

Roger Stirn (6 March 1915 – 6 October 1971) was a Swiss fencer. He competed in the team foil event at the 1948 Summer Olympics.
Outside of fencing, Stirn was an archer and member of the Noble Exercise of the Bow in his native Geneva, holding the title of Chevalier. He died on 6 October 1971 after a long illness, aged 56.
# Cleghorn

Cleghorn and Claghorn are Scottish surnames that may refer to:

## People

* Archibald Scott Cleghorn (1835–1910), Scottish businessman who married into Hawaiian royal family
** Daughter: Victoria Kaʻiulani Cleghorn (1875–1899), Crown Princess of Hawaii
* Edward J. Claghorn (1856–1936), granted first patent for seat belts in 1885
* Elizabeth Gaskell, English novelist, biographer, and short story writer, née Elizabeth Cleghorn Stevenson
* George Cleghorn (Scottish physician) (1716–1789) physician, and teacher at Dublin University
* George Claghorn (1748–1824), American patriot and master shipwright who oversaw construction of the USS Constitution ("Old Ironsides")
* Harold Cleghorn (1912–1996), New Zealand weightlifter
* Sir Hugh Cleghorn (colonial administrator) (1752–1837), colonial secretary to British Ceylon
* Hugh Francis Cleghorn (1820–1895), physician, botanist, forest conservationist and the colonial administrator's grandson
* Isabel Cleghorn (1852–1922), British educationist and suffragist
* John Cleghorn (born 1941), Canadian businessman
* Kate Claghorn (1864–1938), American Progressive Era scholar and activist
* Mildred Cleghorn (1910–1997), Chiricahua Apache dollmaker, educator, and tribal leader
* Sarah Norcliffe Cleghorn (1876–1959), US author and social reformer known for her four-line satiric poem, "The Golf Links"
* William Cleghorn (1718–1754), British philosopher
* William Cleghorn (Newcastle eccentric) (1777–1860), last of the old eccentrics of Newcastle upon Tyne

## Places

* Cleghorn, Scotland, small village near Lanark, South Lanarkshire
* Cleghorn Glen, site of special scientific interest near Cleghorn, Scotland
* Cleghorn, Iowa, small city in the United States
* Cleghorn Lakes Wilderness California
* Claghorn, Pennsylvania, ghost town in the United States
* Cleghorn, Wisconsin, unincorporated
* A district in the city of Fitchburg, Massachusetts

## Fiction

* Senator Claghorn, character on The Fred Allen Show
** Foghorn Leghorn, American animated character that was based on Senator Claghorn
# Walter Bosshard (footballer)

Walter Bosshard (17 January 1921 – 3 February 1984) was a Swiss footballer who played as a forward.
Bosshard joined Basel's first team in their 1946–47 season. He played his domestic league debut for the club in the away game on 28 June 1947 as Basel was beaten 3–1 by Grenchen. Between the years 1946 and 1948 Bossard played a total of three games for Basel without scoring a goal. One of these games was in the Nationalliga A and two were friendly games.
Following his time in Basel, Bossard joined Vevey-Sports who played in the second tier of Swiss football at that time.
Bossard died on 3 February 1984, at the age of 63.
# Um

UM or um may refer to:

## Businesses and organisations

* Union for the Mediterranean, an intergovernmental body
* United Methodist Church
* United Motors Company, an American automotive parts supplier
* Universal McCann, a global advertising and media agency
* Universal Medicine, an Australian cult
* Air Zimbabwe (IATA:UM)

## Language

* "Um", a filler in spoken Afrikaans and English
* Um (cuneiform), a prehistoric alphabetic sign

## Science and technology

* .um, the Internet domain for the US Minor Outlying Islands
* Um interface, the air interface for the GSM mobile telephone standard
* Micrometre (μm), sometimes written as "um" in limited character sets
* Unified Model, a global numerical weather prediction model
* Ultrarapid metabolizer, a term used in pharmacogenomics to refer to individuals with substantially increased metabolic activity
* User manual, a document or manual intended to give assistance to people using a particular system
* Utilization management, the evaluation of the appropriateness, medical need and efficiency of health care

## Other uses

* Um (Korean surname)
* Umphrey's McGee, a jam band
* Unofficial magistrate, as a postnominal
* Unified Messaging, in marketing
* United States Minor Outlying Islands (ISO 3166:UM)
* Uttaradi Math, a Hindu matha (monastery)
# Walter Richli

Walter Richli (28 April 1913 – 1944) was a Swiss cyclist. He competed in the team pursuit event at the 1936 Summer Olympics.
# Werner Lehmann

Werner Lehmann (18 August 1915 – October 1991) was a Swiss swimmer. He competed in the men's 400 metre freestyle at the 1936 Summer Olympics.
# Wilhelm Melliger

Wilhelm "Willi" Melliger (26 July 1953 – 16 January 2018) was a Swiss equestrian and Olympic medalist. With his horse Calvaro V, he won two Olympic silver medals: the first in show jumping at the 1996 Summer Olympics in Atlanta and the second as part of team jumping at the 2000 Summer Olympics in Sydney.
Melliger died on 16 January 2018 from complications of a stroke that he suffered in December 2017. He was 64.
# Calvin Hicks

Calvin L. Hicks (August 18, 1933 – August 25, 2013) was an African-American journalist, activist, editor, and music educator. He died in New York.

## Life

Born in Boston, United States, Hicks wrote for the Boston Chronicle while still in high school. He graduated from Drake University. After writing for the Baltimore Afro-American newspaper, he moved to New York City where in 1960, he founded and chaired the On Guard Committee for Freedom, a Black nationalist literary organization in the Lower East Side. Its members included Nannie and Walter Bowe, Harold Cruse, Amiri Baraka, Tom Dent, Rosa Guy, Joe Johnson, Archie Shepp, and Sarah Wright, among others. The organization viewed the liberation of Africa as part of the struggle for Black liberation in the United States. On Guard went on to publish their own newspaper with Hicks as the editor.
Hicks was executive director of the Monroe Defense Committee in support of Robert F. Williams, and was active in the Fair Play for Cuba Committee. He was one of the founders of Umbra Magazine, with poet and writer Tom Dent. Hicks was also a member of the Harlem Writers Guild, and active in the Black Arts Movement, where he is considered to have been one of the primary players. As a freelance writer, his articles appeared in Freedomways, New Challenge, New York Age.

### Educational work

He worked as an instructor at Brooklyn College, Richmond College (now known as College of Staten Island) and City College of New York. Beginning in 1969, he taught at Brandeis University, and then at Goddard College, Brown University, and at Roxbury Community College. He was a co-founder of the Black Educators Roundtable in Boston. From 1974 to 1975, he was a graduate fellow at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. In 1984, he graduated from Cambridge College with a master's degree in the philosophy of education. He was a member of the liberal arts faculty and administration at the New England Conservatory of Music from 1992 to 2008 and was also on the faculty of the Longy School of Music.

## Death and legacy

The Calvin Hicks Memorial Award for the Study of Music was established in his memory.

### Awards

* Distinguished Achievement in Education Award (Boston Orchestra and Chorale, 1998)
* Distinguished Service Award, Dean of Arts and Sciences (Roxbury Community College, 1990)
* Greater Boston Gospel Academy Award (Roxbury Community Presbyterian Church, 1995)
* Millennium Award (Boston Orchestra and Chorale, 2001)
* Gospel in Majesty Award (Tri-ad Veterans League, Inc. and Magnolia Society, 2002)
* African Americans Making History Today: Bearers of the Flame/Passing the Torch Award (The Students of the Boston Renaissance Charter School, 2003)
* Community Fellows and Reflective Practice Alumni Award 2006, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Urban Studies and Planning
* Anna Bobbit Gardner/Coretta Scott King Lifetime Achievement Award 2005
* Mayor Thomas Menino of Boston declares "Calvin Hicks Day" (date: February 15) 2009
* Drum Major Award from the Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. Association, 2010
# Caledonia, Columbia County, Wisconsin

Caledonia is a town in Columbia County, Wisconsin, United States. The population was 1,495 at the 2020 census. The unincorporated community of Durwards Glen is located in the town.

## History

The town was named by Scottish settlers after the Latin name for Scotland.

## Geography

According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 63.6 square miles (164.8 km$^2$), of which, 59.5 square miles (154.2 km$^2$) is land and 4.1 square miles (10.6 km$^2$) (6.46%) is water.
The Wisconsin River bends over in Caledonia, then moves northward.

## Demographics

As of the census of 2000, there were 1,171 people, 451 households, and 343 families residing in the town. The population density was 19.7 people per square mile (7.6/km$^2$). There were 713 housing units at an average density of 12 per square mile (4.6/km$^2$). The racial makeup of the town was 98.63% White, 0.17% African American, 0.26% Native American, 0.17% Asian, 0.51% from other races, and 0.26% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.43% of the population.
There were 451 households, out of which 29.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 67.8% were married couples living together, 4.4% had a female householder with no husband present, and 23.9% were non-families. 17.3% of all households were made up of individuals, and 7.5% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.6 and the average family size was 2.97.
In the town, the population was spread out, with 24.2% under the age of 18, 5.4% from 18 to 24, 27.7% from 25 to 44, 30% from 45 to 64, and 12.8% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 41 years. For every 100 females, there were 108.4 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 114.5 males.
The median income for a household in the town was $48,750, and the median income for a family was $56,042. Males had a median income of $35,156 versus $26,023 for females. The per capita income for the town was $23,278. About 4.4% of families and 6.7% of the population were below the poverty line, including 7.8% of those under age 18 and 15.8% of those age 65 or over.

## Historical sites

* Durward's Glen, historic place and retreatment center

## Notable people

* James S. Towers, farmer, businessman, and Wisconsin State Representative; born in the town
# Tušev Dol

Tušev Dol (pronounced; German: Tuschenthal) is a settlement west of Črnomelj in the White Carniola area of southeastern Slovenia. The area is part of the traditional region of Lower Carniola and is now included in the Southeast Slovenia Statistical Region.
The local church is dedicated to Mary Magdalene and belongs to the Parish of Črnomelj. It was first mentioned in written documents dating to 1526, but was thoroughly rebuilt in the Baroque style in the second half of the 18th century. The main altar dates to 1897.
# Kanu Gerd

Kanu Gerd (Persian: كنوگرد, also Romanized as Kanū Gerd; also known as Ganū Gerd, Kaneh Gerd, and Kano Gird) is a village in Tabadkan Rural District, in the Central District of Mashhad County, Razavi Khorasan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 32, in 9 families.
# Bob Rodrigo

Bob Rodrigo (born c. 1936) is a former American football player and coach. He served as the head football coach at California State University, Hayward—now known as California State University, East Bay—from 1971 to 1974, compiling a record of 15–23–1.
Rodrigo attended Vallejo High School in Vallejo, California, and played college football at San Francisco State University, where he started as a fullback from 1954 to 1957, twice earning Little All-America honors. After graduating from San Francisco State, he remained at the school to coach the junior varsity teams in football, basketball, and baseball, and teach physical education. In 1960, Rodrigo became an assistant football coach at Clayton Valley High School in Concord, California, under head football coach Pat Murphy. Rodrigo returned to San Francisco State in 1961 as backfield coach under newly appointed head football coach Vic Rowen. Rodrigo moved on to Cal State Hayward in 1968 to serve as an assistant football coach under Les Davis. He succeeded Davis as head coach in February 1971 when Davis left for New Mexico Highlands University.

## Head coaching record

| Year | Team | Overall | Conference | Standing |
| Cal State Hayward Pioneers (Far Western Conference) (1971–1974) ||||||
| 1971 | Cal State Hayward | 7–2–1 | 3–2–1 | 3rd |
| 1972 | Cal State Hayward | 2–8 | 2–3 | T–3rd |
| 1973 | Cal State Hayward | 3–7 | 3–2 | T–3rd |
| 1974 | Cal State Hayward | 3–6 | 2–3 | T–2nd |
| Cal State Hayward: | Cal State Hayward: | 15–23–1 | 10–10–1 | |
| Total: | Total: | 15–23–1 | | |
# Soyuz 12

Soyuz 12 (Russian: Союз 12, Union 12) was a September, 1973, crewed test flight by the Soviet Union of the newly redesigned Soyuz 7K-T spacecraft that was intended to provide greater crew safety in the wake of the Soyuz 11 tragedy. The flight marked the return of the Soviets to crewed space operations after the 1971 accident. The crew capacity of the capsule had been decreased from three to two cosmonauts to allow for pressure suits to be worn during launch, re-entry and docking. It was the first time pressure suits were used for reentry since the Voskhod 2 flight.
Cosmonauts Vasily Lazarev and Oleg Grigoryevich Makarov spent two days in space testing the new craft.

## Crew

| Position | Cosmonaut | Cosmonaut |
| Commander | Vasily Lazarev First spaceflight | Vasily Lazarev First spaceflight |
| Flight Engineer | Oleg Grigoryevich Makarov First spaceflight | Oleg Grigoryevich Makarov First spaceflight |

### Backup crew

| Position | Cosmonaut | Cosmonaut |
| Commander | Aleksei Gubarev | Aleksei Gubarev |
| Flight Engineer | Georgy Grechko | Georgy Grechko |

### Reserve crew

| Position | Cosmonaut | Cosmonaut |
| Commander | Pyotr Klimuk | Pyotr Klimuk |
| Flight Engineer | Vitaly Sevastyanov | Vitaly Sevastyanov |

## Mission parameters

* Mass: 6,570 kg (14,480 lb)
* Perigee: 194.0 km (120.5 mi)
* Apogee: 249.0 km (154.7 mi)
* Inclination: 51.6°
* Period: 88.6 minutes

## Mission highlights

As the first crewed test of the new version of the Soyuz ferry craft, Soyuz 12 was to have flown to a Salyut station. But the failures of Salyut 2 (4 April 1973) and Cosmos 557 (11 May 1973) in the months previous meant there was no station for the craft to dock to. The service module had no solar panels, carrying batteries for power instead, which limited the flight to about two days, enough time for a journey to and from a space station.
Cosmonauts Lazarev and Makarov wore pressure suits for launch and landing, and would have worn them for a station docking, all changes brought about by the Soyuz 11 tragedy. The bulk of the suits and their environmental control systems limited the crew size to two.
After the successful 27 September 1973 launch, the craft was maneuvered to a 326 x 344 km orbit on the second day in space, which later proved to be the standard orbit for the Salyut 4 space station. A multispectral camera in the orbital module was used in coordination with aircraft to photograph the Earth. It was reported that the intention of the camera was to survey crop and forest conditions The cosmonauts also utilised the Molniya 1 satellite to communicate with ground stations when out of range. The crew landed safely on 29 September 1973 and the mission was called "flawless". A large object was jettisoned when the craft was preparing for retrofire. The object remained in orbit for 116 days.
# Abdul Hafiz Ghoga

Abdul Hafiz Ghoga (also known as Abdelhafed Abdelkader Ghoga, also spelled Ghogha; Arabic: عبد الحفيظ غوقة; born 11 June 1957) is a Libyan human rights lawyer who rose to prominence as the spokesman for the National Transitional Council, a body formed in Benghazi during the 2011 Libyan civil war. On 23 March 2011, he became the vice chairman of the council, serving in that post until he resigned on 22 January 2012 after protests against him.

## Abu Salim prison massacre

Abdul Hafiz Ghoga was actively involved in legal representation for the families of people killed in the 1996 Abu Salim prison massacre.

## 2011 Libyan civil war

Ghoga was a member of the National Transitional Council created during the 2011 Libyan civil war and acted as its spokesperson. Ghoga has argued that the council is working for a unified Libya, rather than letting rebel-controlled areas separate from areas controlled by Muammar Gaddafi; "There is no such thing as a divided Libya".
On 27 February, he said that the council was not seeking foreign intervention. On 20 March, he announced that over 8000 people opposed to Gaddafi had been killed. However, Armed Conflict Location and Event Data Project, which compiles a database of all reported fatalities due to political violence on the African continent, listed 6,109 fatalities from 15 February to 23 October 2011, of which 1,319 prior to NATO intervention. Ghoga criticised a comment by Arab League Secretary-General Amr Moussa that was critical of the way in which the Libyan no-fly zone was implemented. Ghoga stated, "Today, when the secretary general spoke, I was surprised. What is the mechanism that stops the extermination of the people in Libya, what is the mechanism, Mr. Secretary General? If the protection of civilians is not a humanitarian obligation, what is the mechanism that you propose to us?"

## Resignation

In January 2012, he resigned as Vice Chairman of the Transitional National Council.
# Amirabad, Mashhad

Amirabad (Persian: اميراباد, also Romanized as Amīrābād; also known as Amīrābād-e Bālā) is a village in Tus Rural District, in the Central District of Mashhad County, Razavi Khorasan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 3,206, in 777 families.
# 2023–24 Balochistan budget

The 2023–24 Balochistan budget was presented on 19 June 2023, the Finance Minister of Balochistan, Zamrik Achakzai, unveiled a budget of Rs. 750 billion for the fiscal year 2023–24 in the Balochistan Assembly. This tax-free budget has a deficit of Rs49 billion.

## Details

The budget allocates Rs. 229 billion for development and Rs437 billion for non-development expenditures. Balochistan is set to receive Rs540 billion from transfers and the divisible pool. The budget has allocated Rs. 53 billion for law and order, Rs. 87 billion for education, and Rs. 65 billion for health sectors. Additionally, Rs. 2 billion has been set aside for skill development, an education endowment fund, and a pension fund. The budget also includes Rs. 1 billion for food security and public endowment fund, 750 million rupees for the PPHI, Rs. 5.8 billion for a health card, and Rs. 2.7 billion for medicines. No new taxes are being introduced in this budget.
# Andalucia Tennis Experience

The Andalucia Tennis Experience was a professional women's tennis tournament played on outdoor clay courts. The inaugural edition was in 2009. The event is affiliated with the Women's Tennis Association (WTA) and is an International tournament on the WTA Tour. The scheduled 2012 edition was cancelled. In 2021, a one-off men's edition took place to fill up the void in ATP Tour calendar left due to the withdrawal of certain tournaments as a result of uncertainties caused by the COVID-19 pandemic.

## Past finals
### Men's singles

| Year | Champion | Runner-up | Score |
| 2021 | Pablo Carreño Busta | Jaume Munar | 6–1, 2–6, 6–4 |

### Women's singles

| Year | Champion | Runner-up | Score |
| 2009 | Jelena Janković | Carla Suárez Navarro | 6–3, 3–6, 6–3 |
| 2010 | Flavia Pennetta | Carla Suárez Navarro | 6–2, 4–6, 6–3 |
| 2011 | Victoria Azarenka | Irina-Camelia Begu | 6–3, 6–2 |

### Men's doubles

| Year | Champions | Runners-up | Score |
| 2021 | Ariel Behar Gonzalo Escobar | Tomislav Brkić Nikola Ćaćić | 6–2, 6–4 |

### Women's doubles

| Year | Champions | Runners-up | Score |
| 2009 | Klaudia Jans Alicja Rosolska | Anabel Medina Garrigues Virginia Ruano Pascual | 6–3, 6–3 |
| 2010 | Sara Errani Roberta Vinci | Maria Kondratieva Yaroslava Shvedova | 6–4, 6–2 |
| 2011 | Nuria Llagostera Vives Arantxa Parra Santonja | Sara Errani Roberta Vinci | 3–6, 6–4, [10–5] |
# Sarnistan

Sarnistan (Persian: سرنيستان, also romanized as Sarnīstān) is a village in Chelo Rural District, Chelo District, Andika County, Khuzestan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 37, in 5 families.
# Stade Municipal de Djougou

Stade Municipal de Djougou is a multi-use stadium in Djougou, Benin. It is currently used mostly for football matches and is the home ground of Panthères FC of the Benin Premier League. The stadium has a capacity of 3,400 spectators.
# Benchwarmer

Bench warmer (or benchwarmer) is a sports player who is rarely, if ever selected to play, and thus merely sits on the benches and warms them up. It may also refer to:
# Clifton, Derbyshire

Clifton is a village in the Derbyshire Dales district of Derbyshire, England. The village is situated about 1.2 miles (2 km) south west of Ashbourne, and is close to the border with Staffordshire. The appropriate civil parish is called Clifton and Compton. The population of this civil parish at the 2011 Census was 500.

## History and notable buildings

Margery Bower is a round barrow assumed to date from the Bronze Age. It lies on the southern side of the village on the road to Snelston.
Clifton Hall was built in the late 18th century, altered in the 19th and 20th centuries. It stands close to the centre of the village on Chapel Lane at 52°59′58″N 1°45′12″W﻿ / ﻿52.9995°N 1.7533°W﻿ / 52.9995; -1.7533.
Holy Trinity church was designed by Henry Isaac Stevens of Derby, and built in 1845. Opposite the church stands the Cock Inn public house.
The village formerly had a railway station, opened in 1852 as Clifton and renamed in 1893 as Clifton (Mayfield), on a branch of the North Staffordshire Railway between Rocester and Ashbourne. Passenger services ended in 1954 with the line closing for freight services in 1964.

## Local facilities

Education and recreational facilities in and around the village include:
* Clifton Primary School
* Clifton recreation ground
* Clifton Cricket club
* Ashbourne Golf Course
In March 2014, the village was noted in media as the first site for the 'Speedy Shop', an automated retailing solution for small communities designed and manufactured locally. The shop provides a wide range of supplies to the village using a unique automated machine styled like a traditional village store. It was the invention of local entrepreneur Peter Fox and colleague Dave Russell.

## Role in Ashbourne shrovetide football

At the site of the old corn mill lies a stone which acts as the Down'ards goal in the annual traditional Royal Shrovetide Football match. There are two adjacent stone markers, the old and the new.