OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Indians in Brunei

Indians in Brunei consist of Bruneians of Indian descent as well as expatriate professionals that have recently come to the country. According to the Government of India, there are 10,000 Indians living and working in the country.

## History

Indians in Brunei have had a notable presence in the country since the colonial days, however there are records from the Europeans who visited the region that there were people from the Indian Subcontinent already living there prior to European colonisation. According to United Nations statistics, the Indian population was counted in the Brunei census since the year of 1947. In 1971, Indians made up 1.6% of the population.

## Employment

The number of Indian nationals working in Brunei had increased since 2009. There are many Indian doctors and engineers working in Brunei and there are others working in the education sector, both at school and university or college level as professors and teachers as well as research personnel.
Other areas where Indians are employed include IT, oil and gas and mercantile.

## Ethnicity and Religion

Ethnic Tamils form the majority group of Indians in Brunei. The Indian community of Brunei consists of Muslims, Hindus, Christians and Sikhs. Islam is the dominant religion amongst the Indian community however Hinduism also forms a significant portion of the belief systems amongst the Indians. Brunei's 50-year-old Hindu Welfare Board functions as a Hindu religious organisation with approximately 3,000 members and there are two small Hindu temples in the country. The Sikh community consists of 500 people.
# Dissolve (filmmaking)

In the post-production process of film and video editing, a dissolve (sometimes called a lap dissolve) is a type of film transition in which one sequence fades over another. The terms fade-out (also called fade to black) and fade-in are used to describe a transition to and from a blank image. This is in contrast to a cut, where there is no such transition. A dissolve overlaps two shots for the duration of the effect, usually at the end of one scene and the beginning of the next, but may also be used in montage sequences. Generally, but not always, the use of a dissolve is held to indicate that a time has passed between the two scenes. Also, it may indicate a change of location or the start of a flashback.

## Creation of effect

In the film, this effect is usually created with an optical printer by controlling double exposure from frame to frame. In linear video editing or live television production, the same effect is created by interpolating the voltages of two synchronized video signals. In non-linear video editing, a dissolve is done using software, by interpolating gradually between the RGB values of each pixel of the image. The audio track optionally cross-fades between the soundtracks.

## Use

Cuts and dissolves are used differently. A camera cut changes the perspective from which a scene is portrayed. It is as if the viewer suddenly and instantly moved to a different place, and could see the scene from another angle.
Fades and dissolves typically have a duration of 1 to 2 seconds (24–48 frames), though this may vary according to the preference of the director and editor. Short dissolves (6–12 frames) may be used to soften obvious hard cuts which may startle the viewer, or jump cuts.
In narrative terms, the length of the dissolve is dictated by the mood or pacing the director or editor wishes to create. For instance, in the opening sequence of Citizen Kane, the dissolves between the master shots are slow because of the pervading sense of morbidity Welles and his collaborators wished to create. In the "News on the March" (montage) sequence shortly afterwards, however, the dissolves are much shorter as the intention is to create a sense of vitality in the life of the still mysterious lead character and speed in the (supposedly) newsreel sequence.
Dissolves are most common in classic cinema (see continuity editing), but are now less often used. The device began to fall into disuse as filmmakers fell under the influence of the French New Wave directors and their innovative use of the jump cut and as the absence of a linear narrative became more common. It is also sometimes held that the effect was best utilized in monochrome cinematography, where gradations of gray are mixed rather than possibly incompatible color tones. The impact of television news reporting may also have resulted in the device losing any pretense of having a contemporary feel.
Dissolves are usually kept to a minimum in most films and shows. Due mainly to stylistic tastes, it is very rare to see a shot which both begins and ends with a dissolve.
# Brotherhood and unity

Brotherhood and unity was a popular slogan of the League of Communists of Yugoslavia that was coined during the Yugoslav People's Liberation War (1941–45), and which evolved into a guiding principle of Yugoslavia's post-war inter-ethnic policy. In Slovenia, the slogan "Brotherhood and Peace" (bratstvo in mir) was used in the beginning.

## History

After the invasion of Yugoslavia by the Axis powers in April 1941, the occupying powers and certain collaborator entities sought to incite hatred among the various national, ethnic and religious groups of Yugoslavia. The Yugoslav Communist Party successfully publicized the brotherhood and unity of Yugoslavia's nations (narodi) and national minorities (nacionalne manjine, later renamed to narodnosti) in their struggle against their enemies. The decision of the second session of AVNOJ on the federalization of Yugoslavia in 1943 was regarded as the recognition of this Brotherhood and Unity principle.
After the war, the slogan designated the official policy of inter-ethnic relations in the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, as embodied in its federal constitutions of 1963 and of 1974. The policy prescribed that Yugoslavia's nations (Serbs, Macedonians, Croats, Slovenes, Montenegrins, Bosniaks) and national minorities (Albanians, Hungarians, Romanians, Bulgarians, Jews, Italians, Ukrainians and others) are equal groups that coexist peacefully in the federation, promoting their similarities and interdependence in order to overcome national conflicts and hatred. Every individual was entitled to the expression of their own culture, while the ethnic groups had an oath to one another to maintain peaceful relations. Citizens were also encouraged and allowed to declare their nationality as Yugoslav, which usually polled at 10%. The policy also led to the adoption of national quota systems in all public institutions, including economic organizations, in which national groups were represented by their republic's or province's national composition.
Throughout Yugoslavia many factories, schools, public venues, folklore ensembles and sporting teams used to be named "Brotherhood and unity", as well as the Ljubljana–Zagreb–Belgrade–Skopje highway (Brotherhood and Unity Highway). The country had a decoration called the Order of the Brotherhood and Unity.
Several prominent persons from former Yugoslavia were convicted for activities deemed to threaten the brotherhood and unity, such as acts of chauvinist propaganda, separatism and irredentism. Among them were Serbian radical Vojislav Šešelj, former presidents of Bosnia and Herzegovina (Alija Izetbegović) and Croatia (Franjo Tuđman and Stjepan Mesić), and others. One Kosovar Albanian, Adem Demaçi, was imprisoned and accused of nationalist machinations.
# Chaldean Catholic Archeparchy of Arbil

The Chaldean Catholic Archdiocese of Erbil (Latin: Archieparchia Arbilensis Chaldaeorum, Arabic: إيبارشية أربيل الكلدانية) is a Chaldean Catholic diocese with its seat in Erbil, Kurdistan Region. Erected in 1968 with territory taken from the Archeparchy of Kirkuk, it is immediately subject to the Patriarchal See of Babylon. The see of the archbishop is the Cathedral of St. Joseph (Mar Yousif) in Ankawa, a suburb of Erbil.
Under Archbishop Bashar Warda, the archdiocese expanded its activity by creating the Catholic University in Erbil and several youth and healthcare agencies. In particular, the Archdiocese took a leading role in the care of Christians displaced from Mosul and the Nineveh Plains after the ISIS invasion of those areas in 2014. During this period, Ankawa and Erbil became the center of Christianity in Iraq.

## Ordinaries

* Stéphane Babaca (1969–1994)
* Hanna Markho (1994–1996)
* Jacques Ishaq (1997–1999)
* Yacoub Denha Scher (2001–2005)
* Bashar Warda (2010–present)
* Bashar Warda 2015
* St Joseph's Cathedral, Ankawa
# Bentley Rayburn

Bentley B. Rayburn (born June 15, 1953) is an American retired Air Force major general and businessman.
Rayburn graduated from the U.S. Air Force Academy, Georgetown University, and the U.S. Army Command and General Staff College. He was named one of the Ten Outstanding Young Americans for 1990. Serving as a colonel, Rayburn was assigned to lead the 388th Fighter Wing in 1995. He served as Commandant of the Air War College from 2001 to 2004, when he was appointed Commander of the Air Force Doctrine Center, Alabama.
Rayburn ran in the Republican Party primary election for the United States House of Representatives in Colorado's 5th congressional district in the 2006 elections. He ran again in 2008, against incumbent Doug Lamborn. He challenged Lamborn again in the 2014 elections, but lost, receiving 48% of the vote.
Rayburn formerly served as president of The Home Front Cares, a charity that supports the families of deployed soldiers. He served briefly as president of Colorado Technical University from 2010 to 2012.
Rayburn was awarded the Legion of Merit with oak leaf cluster; the Defense Meritorious Service Medal with oak leaf cluster, the Meritorious Service Medal with four oak leaf clusters; the Air Medal with two oak leaf clusters; the Aerial Achievement Medal with oak leaf cluster; and the Air Force Commendation Medal.
# Rav Yemar

Rav Yemar(or Rav Yeimar or Rav Jemar; Hebrew: רב יימר) was a Babylonian rabbi, of the sixth and seventh generations of amoraim.
According to Sherira Gaon, he filled the place of Rav Ashi as head of the Sura Academy for five years (427-432).
# Salza, Aude

Salza (French pronunciation: ; Occitan: Salzan) is a commune in the Aude department in southern France.
# Indian rodeo

Indian rodeo is the rodeo subculture of Native-American rodeo athletes and, in Canada, First Nations athletes. In the United States, there are a number of regional associations and at least two national finals. In Canada, Indian rodeos share a major role in small aboriginal communities and are also featured events in larger centres with aboriginal populations. Some major rodeos in British Columbia such as the Williams Lake Stampede are, while not aboriginally-organized and unlike some Indian rodeos open to non-natives, heavily "Indian" in character and in the ranks of competitors.

## Indian rodeos in the United States

* The Indian National Finals Rodeo (INFR)
* The All Indian Rodeo Cowboys Association operates in Arizona and neighboring southwestern states.

## Indian rodeos in Canada

* Lillooet Lake Rodeo, Mount Currie, British Columbia
* Anahim Lake Stampede, or Anahim Lake Rodeo, Anahim Lake, British Columbia
* Nazko Jamboree, Nazko, British Columbia

## Indian rodeo halls of fame in the United States

* Indian National Finals Rodeo Hall of Fame
# Urayoán

Urayoán was a Taíno "Cacique" (Chief) famous for ordering the drowning of Diego Salcedo to determine whether the Spanish were gods.
He was the cacique of "Yucayeque del Yagüeka or Yagüeca", which today lies in the region between Añasco and Mayagüez, Puerto Rico. His territory was marked by the natural boundaries of two rivers: Guaorabo to the north and Yagüez to the south. In 1511, Urayoán and Agüeybaná II (The Brave) conceived a plan to find out whether the Spaniards were really gods. Diego Salcedo (a Spanish soldier) was welcomed by Urayoán into his village and was offered to stay for the night. The following day, by Urayoán's order, Salcedo was drowned while attempting to cross, while on top of a Taíno warrior, the Guaorabo River (presently called Río Grande de Añasco). The body of Salcedo was watched for three days after his death. Upon confirmation of the mortality of the Spanish, Agüeybaná II ordered the Taínos to revolt.
# Robin Jones

Robin Jones may refer to:
* Robin Jones (basketball) (1954–2018), American basketball player
* Robin Jones (musician) (born 1973), Scottish drummer
* Robin Jones (cricketer) (born 1973), English cricketer
* Robin Jones (figure skater) (1943–1986), British figure skater
# Leonid Melnykov

Leonid Heorhiyovych Melnykov (Ukrainian: Леонід Георгійович Мельников; 31 May 1906 – 16 April 1981) was a Soviet and Ukrainian politician and diplomat.
# Lenčiai, Kėdainiai

Lenčiai (formerly Russian: Ленчи, Polish: Lencze) is a village in Kėdainiai district municipality, in Kaunas County, in central Lithuania. According to the 2011 census, the village had a population of 18 people. It is located 0.5 kilometres (0.31 mi) from Ažytėnai village, by the Ažytė river.

## History

Lenčiai village is known since 1578. A big battle between the January Uprising resurgents and Tsarist army occurred here on 1 April 1863.

## Demography

| Year | Pop. | ±% p.a. |
| 1820 | 106 | — |
| 1902 | 324 | +1.37% |
| 1923 | 214 | −1.96% |
| 1959 | 237 | +0.28% |
| 1970 | 134 | −5.05% |
| Year | Pop. | ±% p.a. |
| 1979 | 52 | −9.98% |
| 1985 | 35 | −6.39% |
| 1989 | 44 | +5.89% |
| 2001 | 35 | −1.89% |
| 2011 | 18 | −6.43% |
Source: 1902, 1923, 1959 & 1970, 1979, 1989, 2001, 2011 :

## Notable people

* Mykolas Kuprevičius (1864–1932), Lithuanian publicist, entographer born in Lenčiai;
* Mikalojus Katkus (1852–1944), Lithuanian writer, agronomist, buried in the Lenčiai cemetery.
# Khaneqah, Bukan

Khaneqah (Persian: خانقاه, also Romanized as Khāneqāh) is a village in Akhtachi Rural District, in the Central District of Bukan County, West Azerbaijan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 138, in 22 families.
# Kastanonas

Kastanonas (Greek: Καστανώνας, Aromanian: Dragari) is an Aromanian village and a community of the Zagori municipality. Before the 2011 local government reform it was part of the municipality of East Zagori, of which it was a municipal district. The 2021 census recorded 15 inhabitants in the village. The community of Kastanonas covers an area of 9.551 km$^2$.
# Kizhinginsky District

Kizhinginsky District (Russian: Кижинги́нский райо́н; Buryat: Хэжэнгын аймаг, Khejengyn aimag) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the twenty-one in the Republic of Buryatia, Russia. It is located in the south of the republic. The area of the district is 7,871 square kilometers (3,039 sq mi). Its administrative center is the rural locality (a selo) of Kizhinga. As of the 2010 Census, the total population of the district was 16,509, with the population of Kizhinga accounting for 38.6% of that number.

## History

The district was established on December 12, 1940, when its territory was split from Khorinsky District.

## Administrative and municipal status

Within the framework of administrative divisions, Kizhinginsky District is one of the twenty-one in the Republic of Buryatia. The district is divided into two selsoviets and seven somons, which comprise twenty-one rural localities. As a municipal division, the district is incorporated as Kizhinginsky Municipal District. Its two selsoviets and seven somons are incorporated as nine rural settlements within the municipal district. The selo of Kizhinga serves as the administrative center of both the administrative and municipal district.
# Le Clown au Cirque

Le Clown au Cirque is a tempera and pen and ink on board painting by Belarusian-French artist Marc Chagall, created in 1980. It is held in a private collection.

## Description

The painting depicts floating clowns amid the circus ring in the middle of the performance. The subject of circus was dear to the artist. Chagall often returned to the circus as a subject matter in his artworks. He considered clowns, acrobats and actors as tragically human beings who are like characters in certain religious paintings.

## Provenance

* Chalk & Vermilion Fine Art, Greenwich
* Coast Galleries, Carmel
* Private Collection, Ohio (acquired in 2000)
* Weinstein Gallery, San Francisco
* Private Collection (acquired in 2015)
# Sheykhlar, West Azerbaijan

Sheykhlar (Persian: شيخ لر) is a village in Akhtachi Rural District, in the Central District of Bukan County, West Azerbaijan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 367, in 63 families.
# Saint-Pierre-la-Roche

Saint-Pierre-la-Roche (French pronunciation:; Occitan: Sant Pèire de la Ròcha) is a commune in the Ardèche department in southern France.
# Tawfiiq District

Tawfiiq District is a district in the north-central Mudug region of Puntland state. Its capital lies at Tawfiiq.
# Urshakbashkaramaly

Urshakbashkaramaly (Russian: Уршакбашкарамалы; Bashkir: Өршәкбаш-Ҡарамалы, Örşäkbaş-Qaramalı) is a rural locality (a selo) and the administrative centre of Urshakbashkaramalinsky Selsoviet, Miyakinsky District, Bashkortostan, Russia. The population was 620 as of 2010. There are 8 streets.

## Geography

Urshakbashkaramaly is located 31 km east of Kirgiz-Miyaki (the district's administrative centre) by road. Urshak is the nearest rural locality.
# 102nd SS Heavy Panzer Battalion

The 102nd Heavy SS Panzer Battalion (German: schwere SS-Panzerabteilung 102) was a German heavy tank battalion of the Waffen-SS during World War II. It fought as part of the II SS Panzer Corps during the Battle of Normandy and was nearly destroyed. Renumbered as 502nd Heavy SS Panzer Battalion in late 1944, the unit was destroyed in the Halbe Pocket in Spring 1945.

## Operational history

In April 1943, the Waffen-SS ordered the creation of a series of heavy tank battalions equipped with the new Tiger I tanks — for use in offensive actions on the Eastern Front. Each of the heavy tank battalions would be attached to a Corps of the Waffen SS. Upon formation, the 102nd was attached to the II SS Panzer Corps. Originally, each heavy tank battalion was composed of a single company of Tiger I's, attached to each respective SS Panzer Division in the Panzerkorps. By July 1943, the predecessor of the 102nd — SS Panzer Regiment 2 of the SS Division Das Reich — was equipped with 14 Tiger I's.
The battalion was sent to Normandy after the Allied D Day landings. The battalion was almost completely destroyed during the fighting in Normandy; in September 1944 it was pulled back to Germany to reform. Stationed in Sennelager the battalion was renumbered the 502nd Heavy SS Panzer Battalion on September 9, 1944. Equipped with Tiger II tanks, the battalion took part in the defense against the Red Army at the Oder front. During the Battle of Berlin, the battalion was encircled in the Halbe Pocket in 1945 and destroyed.
# Bellach railway station

Bellach railway station (German: Bahnhof Bellach) is a railway station in the municipality of Bellach, in the Swiss canton of Solothurn. It is an intermediate stop on the standard gauge Jura Foot line of Swiss Federal Railways. The current station opened on 15 December 2013, replacing an older building to the west.

## Services

As of the December 2021 timetable change, the following services stop at Bellach:
* S20: half-hourly service between Biel/Bienne and Solothurn, with every other train continuing from Solothurn to Olten.
# Tania, the Woman in Chains

Tania, the Woman in Chains (German: Tanja, die Frau an der Kette) is a 1922 German silent drama film directed by Friedrich Zelnik and starring Lya Mara, Erich Kaiser-Titz, and Heinrich Peer.
The film's sets were designed by the art director Fritz Lederer.

## Cast

* Lya Mara as Tanja Fedorovna
* Erich Kaiser-Titz
* Heinrich Peer
* Fritz Schulz
* Maria Forescu
* Erik Wirl
* Harry Berber
* Sophie Pagay
* Paul Hansen
# Bomber Brigade

The Bomber Brigade (Polish: Brygada Bombowa) was a World War II unit of the Polish Air Force commanded by płk obs. Władysław Heller. It resisted the Invasion of Poland in 1939 as the main aerial reserve of the commander in chief and was used for bombing enemy units in central Poland. It was created just before the war and did not have time to reach full operational readiness. Its equipment consisted of 36 modern PZL.37 Łoś medium bombers, 50 older PZL.23 Karaś light bombers, as well as 21 support planes. It was organised into four squadrons, each in turn composed of two escadrilles. It was similar in make-up to the Pursuit Brigade.
10th Bomber Squadron was previously called: "210 Dywizjon".
15th Bomber Squadron was previously called: "215 Dywizjon".
Some reports mention another Bomber Squadron called:
20th Bomber Squadron was previously called: "220 Dywizjon".
* Polish 55th Independent Bomber Escadrille (55. Samodzielna Eskadra Bombowa), commanded by kpt. obs. Józef Skibiński
* Liaison platoon No. 4 (Pluton łącznikowy nr 4)
* Liaison platoon No. 12 (Pluton łącznikowy nr 12)
Another small Bomber unit was the Flight based at Dęblin, the Polish Air Force Training Academy. During the Invasion of Poland, their unit flew many operations using PZL.23 Karaś light bombers.

## Citations

* ↑ Belcarz & Peczkowski, pp. 159–160
# Saint-André-de-Cruzières

Saint-André-de-Cruzières (French pronunciation:; Occitan: Sant Andrieu de Crusèiras) is a commune in the Ardèche department in southern France.
# Evangelismos, Messenia

Evangelismos (Greek: Ευαγγελισμός) is a town near the southern coast of Messenia, Greece. It is located 10 km (6.2 mi) southeast of Pylos and 5 km (3.1 mi) east of Methoni. The town is the main settlement in Evangelismos Community which itself is part of the Methoni municipal unit within the Pylos-Nestor municipality. Nearby villages include Dentroulia and Kamaria.

## Other settlements within Evangelismos Community

* Amoulaki
* Dentroulia
* Kamaria
* Kavouriano
* Palialona

## Historical population

| Year | Village | Community |
| 1991 | - | 408 |
| 2001 | 287 | 398 |
| 2011 | 259 | 408 |
| 2021 | 195 | 327 |
# Staromryasovo

Staromryasovo (Russian: Старомрясово; Bashkir: Иҫке Мерәҫ, İśke Meräś) is a rural locality (a selo) in Imay-Karmalinsky Selsoviet, Davlekanovsky District, Bashkortostan, Russia. The population was 259 as of 2010. There is 1 street.

## Geography

Staromryasovo is located 40 km east of Davlekanovo (the district's administrative centre) by road. Novomryasovo is the nearest rural locality.
# Kiknur

Kiknur (Russian: Кикнур) is an urban locality (an urban-type settlement) in Kiknursky District of Kirov Oblast, Russia. Population: 4,970 (2010 Census); 5,410 (2002 Census); 6,654 (1989 Soviet census).
# Matveyevka, Konyshyovsky District, Kursk Oblast

Matveyevka (Russian: Матвеевка) is a rural locality (Russian: деревня, lit. 'village') in Mashkinsky Selsoviet Rural Settlement, Konyshyovsky District, Kursk Oblast, Russia. Population: 10 (2010 Census); 43 (2002 Census);

## Geography

The village is located on the Belichka River (a left tributary of the Svapa River), 59.5 km from the Russia–Ukraine border, 70 km north-west of Kursk, 16 km north-west of the district center – the urban-type settlement Konyshyovka, 6 km from the selsoviet center – Mashkino.

### Climate

Matveyevka has a warm-summer humid continental climate (Dfb in the Köppen climate classification).

## Transport

Matveyevka is located 52 km from the federal route M-3 Ukraine Highway, 41 km from the route M-2 Crimea Highway, 25 km from the route A-142 (Trosna – M3 highway), 9.5 km from the road of regional importance 38K-038 (Fatezh – Dmitriyev), 9 km from the road 38K-005 (Konyshyovka – Zhigayevo – 38K-038), 1.5 km from the road of intermunicipal significance 38Н-141 (38K-005 – Verkhoprudka), 3 km from the nearest railway halt 543 km (railway line Navlya – Lgov-Kiyevsky).
The rural locality is situated 76 km from Kursk Vostochny Airport, 174 km from Belgorod International Airport and 275 km from Voronezh Peter the Great Airport.