OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Progress 8

Progress 8 (Russian: Прогресс 8), was a Soviet uncrewed Progress cargo spacecraft which was launched in 1980 to resupply the Salyut 6 space station.

## Spacecraft

Progress 8 was a Progress 7K-TG spacecraft. The eighth of forty three to be launched, it had the serial number 108. The Progress 7K-TG spacecraft was the first generation Progress, derived from the Soyuz 7K-T and intended for uncrewed logistics missions to space stations in support of the Salyut programme. On some missions the spacecraft were also used to adjust the orbit of the space station.
The Progress spacecraft had a dry mass of 6,520 kilograms (14,370 lb), which increased to around 7,020 kilograms (15,480 lb) when fully fuelled. It measured 7.48 metres (24.5 ft) in length, and 2.72 metres (8 ft 11 in) in diameter. Each spacecraft could accommodate up to 2,500 kilograms (5,500 lb) of payload, consisting of dry cargo and propellant. The spacecraft were powered by chemical batteries, and could operate in free flight for up to three days, remaining docked to the station for up to thirty.

## Launch

Progress 8 launched on 27 March 1980 from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in the Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic. It used a Soyuz-U rocket.

## Docking

Progress 8 docked with Salyut 6 on 29 March 1980 at 20:01 UTC.
# Nuttall railway station

Nuttall Railway Station (Urdu: نٹال ریلوے اسٹیشن, Balochi: نٹال ریلوے اسٹیشن) is located in Nuttall village, Nasirabad district of Balochistan province of Pakistan.
# Sekal Has to Die

Sekal Has to Die (Czech: Je třeba zabít Sekala, Polish: Zabić Sekala) is a 1998 Czech film directed by Vladimír Michálek. It was the Czech Republic's submission to the 71st Academy Awards for the Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film, but was not accepted as a nominee.
The plot takes place in the small Moravian village during World War II.

## Cast

* Bogusław Linda as Ivan Sekal
* Olaf Lubaszenko as Jura Baran
* Agnieszka Sitek as Agnieszka
* Jiří Bartoška as Priest
* Vlasta Chramostová as Mari
* L'udovít Cittel as Runt
# Wolfgang Nordwig

Wolfgang Nordwig (born 27 August 1943) is a former East German pole vaulter. He competed in the 1968 and 1972 Olympics and won a bronze and a gold medal, respectively, clearing 5.50 m in 1972.

## Athletic career

Nordwig won a bronze in the pole vault at the 1968 Mexico City Olympics. He was a member of the East German team, the first time East and West Germany had sent separate teams to the Olympics. In the contest, Nordwig, the American Bob Seagren and the West-German Claus Schiprowski all cleared at 5.40 m, Seagren and Schiprowski on their second attempts and Nordwig on his third. All missed at 5.45 m. Seagren was the gold medal winner because he had had fewer misses at lower heights than Schiprowski.
Nordwig was Olympic champion at the pole vault at the 1972 Munich Olympics. Nordwig's keenest rivals for the title the Americans Bob Seagren, Steve Smith and Jan Johnson and the Swede Kjell Isaksson were amongst those vaulters banned by the world governing body the IAAF from competing with the lighter poles they had been using all season. An initial ban in July had been reversed on 27 August, but on the eve of the competition, 30 August, the IAAF reimposed their ban claiming the poles were new equipment and therefore invalid. Seagren, the defending champion, finished second; Johnson third; and Smith and Isaksson did not even qualify for the final. Nordwig had never preferred the new pole so was unaffected.
In the competition itself, Johnson was eliminated at 5.40 m with Nordwig clearing on his second attempt and Seagren on his third. Nordwig then cleared 5.45 m with Seagren unable to match him. Nordwig then underlined his triumph by clearing 5.50 m for a new Olympic record and his personal best.
Nordwig won five European titles: three outdoors (1966, 1969 and 1971) and two indoors (1971 and 1972). Domestically he won the East German title outdoors in 1965-72 and indoors in 1964–66, and 1969–72. During his career he set two world records. The first occasion was on 17 June 1970 in Berlin, Germany when he cleared 5.45 m (17 ft 10.6 in). The second was on 3 September 1970 in Turin, Italy, when he broke his own world record with a jump of 5.46 m (17 ft 11.0 in). In 1972 he became East German Sportsman of the Year and retired from competitions.

### World rankings

Nordwig was voted by the experts at Track and Field News to be ranked among the best in the world (the best in 1970 and 1971) in the pole vault in the period from 1965 to 1972.
Pole Vault :
| Year | World rank |
| 1965 | 2nd |
| 1966 | 3rd |
| 1967 | 6th |
| 1968 | 2nd |
| 1969 | 3rd |
| 1970 | 1st |
| 1971 | 1st |
| 1972 | 3rd |

## Personal life

Nordwig had a degree in physics and defended a PhD in economics. He worked for VEB Carl Zeiss Jena eventually becoming a director of research and development. Later, he was managing director of a travel company in Berlin. His brothers Reinhard and Hans-Jürgen competed nationally in middle-distance running.
# Gutter (philately)

In philately, a gutter is the space left between postage stamps which allows them to be separated or perforated. When stamps are printed on large sheets of paper that will be guillotined into smaller sheets along the gutter it will not exist on the finished sheet of stamps. Some sheets are specifically designed where two panes of stamps are separated by a gutter still in the finished sheet and gutters may, or may not, have some printing in the gutter. Since perforation of a particular width of stamps is normal, the gutter between the stamps is often the same size as the postage stamp.
Several derivative terms exist:
* Gutter pairs are two stamps separated by a gutter.
* Gutter block is a block of at least four stamps where either the vertical or horizontal pairs, or both, are separated by a gutter.
* Gutter margin is a margin dividing a sheet of stamps into separate panes.
# Marandeh

Marandeh (Persian: مرانده) is a village in, and the capital of, Pain Khiyaban-e Litkuh Rural District of the Central District of Amol County, Mazandaran province, Iran.

## Demographics
### Population

At the time of the 2006 National Census, the village's population was 283 in 67 households. The following census in 2011 counted 264 people in 74 households. The 2016 census measured the population of the village as 293 people in 97 households.
# 2001 European Youth Summer Olympic Festival

The 2001 European Youth Summer Olympic Festival (Spanish: Festival Olímpico de la Juventud Europea 2001) was the sixth edition of multi-sport event for European youths between the ages of 12 and 18. It was held in Murcia, Spain from 22 to 26 July. A total of ten sports were contested. The event received financial support from the Olympic Solidarity programme.

## Sports

* 2001 European Youth Summer Olympic Festival Sports Programme
* Athletics (details)
* Basketball (details)
* Football (details)
* Gymnastics (details)
* Handball (details)
* Judo (details)
* Sailing (details)
* Swimming (details)
* Tennis (details)
* Volleyball (details)

## Venues

| Venue | Location | Sports |
| Estadio de Atletismo Monte Romero | Murcia | Athletics |
| Pabellón J.M. Cagigal | Murcia | Basketball |
| CAR "Infanta Cristina" | Murcia | Cycling |
| Estadio de La Condomina | Murcia | Football |
| Palacio Principe de Asturias | Murcia | Handball, Judo |
| Murcia Club de Tenis | Murcia | Tennis |

## Participating nations

* Participating National Olympic Committees
* Albania
* Andorra
* Armenia
* Austria
* Azerbaijan
* Belarus
* Belgium
* Bosnia and Herzegovina
* Bulgaria
* Croatia
* Cyprus
* Czech Republic
* Denmark
* Estonia (26)
* Finland
* FR Yugoslavia
* FYR Macedonia
* France
* Georgia
* Germany
* Great Britain
* Greece
* Hungary
* Iceland
* Ireland
* Israel
* Italy
* Latvia
* Liechtenstein
* Lithuania
* Luxembourg
* Malta
* Moldova
* Monaco
* Netherlands
* Norway
* Poland
* Portugal
* Romania
* Russia
* San Marino
* Slovakia
* Slovenia
* Spain
* Sweden
* Switzerland
* Turkey
* Ukraine

## Medal table

* Host nation (Spain)
| Rank | Nation | Gold | Silver | Bronze | Total |
| 1 | Russia (RUS) | 19 | 15 | 5 | 39 |
| 2 | Great Britain (GBR) | 9 | 10 | 9 | 28 |
| 3 | Germany (GER) | 5 | 7 | 2 | 14 |
| 4 | Poland (POL) | 5 | 2 | 3 | 10 |
| 5 | Italy (ITA) | 4 | 6 | 9 | 19 |
| 6 | Spain (ESP)* | 4 | 6 | 0 | 10 |
| 7 | Hungary (HUN) | 4 | 3 | 4 | 11 |
| 8 | Ukraine (UKR) | 4 | 3 | 1 | 8 |
| 9 | Sweden (SWE) | 4 | 0 | 3 | 7 |
| 10 | Georgia (GEO) | 4 | 0 | 2 | 6 |
| 11 | France (FRA) | 3 | 7 | 12 | 22 |
| 12 | Belarus (BLR) | 3 | 2 | 4 | 9 |
| 13 | Romania (ROU) | 2 | 3 | 6 | 11 |
| 14 | Netherlands (NED) | 2 | 3 | 5 | 10 |
| 15 | Finland (FIN) | 2 | 2 | 4 | 8 |
| 16 | Croatia (CRO) | 2 | 1 | 5 | 8 |
| 17 | Yugoslavia (FRY) | 2 | 1 | 2 | 5 |
| 18 | Bulgaria (BUL) | 2 | 1 | 1 | 4 |
| 19 | Israel (ISR) | 2 | 0 | 1 | 3 |
| 20 | Slovenia (SLO) | 1 | 4 | 2 | 7 |
| 21 | Switzerland (SUI) | 1 | 3 | 2 | 6 |
| 22 | Latvia (LAT) | 1 | 0 | 1 | 2 |
| 22 | Portugal (POR) | 1 | 0 | 1 | 2 |
| 24 | Ireland (IRL) | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| 24 | Luxembourg (LUX) | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| 24 | Moldova (MDA) | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| 24 | Norway (NOR) | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| 28 | Belgium (BEL) | 0 | 5 | 6 | 11 |
| 29 | Czech Republic (CZE) | 0 | 3 | 1 | 4 |
| 30 | Azerbaijan (AZE) | 0 | 2 | 2 | 4 |
| 31 | Lithuania (LTU) | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 |
| 32 | Austria (AUT) | 0 | 0 | 4 | 4 |
| 32 | Slovakia (SVK) | 0 | 0 | 4 | 4 |
| 34 | Armenia (ARM) | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| Totals (34 entries) | Totals (34 entries) | 90 | 90 | 104 | 284 |
# Epsilon Capricorni

Epsilon Capricorni, Latinized from ε Capricorni, is a possible binary star system in the constellation Capricornus. It has the traditional star name Kastra, meaning "fort" or "military camp" in Latin. Based upon an annual parallax shift of 3.09 mas as seen from the Earth, the star is located about 1,060 light years from the Sun. It can be seen with the naked eye, having a combined apparent visual magnitude of 4.62.
In Chinese, 壘壁陣 (Lěi Bì Zhèn), meaning Line of Ramparts, refers to an asterism consisting of ε Capricorni, κ Capricorni, γ Capricorni, δ Capricorni, ι Aquarii, σ Aquarii, λ Aquarii, φ Aquarii, 27 Piscium, 29 Piscium, 33 Piscium and 30 Piscium. Consequently, the Chinese name for ε Capricorni itself is 壘壁陣二 (Lěi Bì Zhèn èr, English: the Second Star of Line of Ramparts.)
The binary system has an orbital period of 129 days. The primary, component Aa, is a Be star that is surrounded by ionized gas that is producing the emission lines in the spectrum. This circumstellar shell is inclined by 80° to the line of sight from the Earth. The system is undergoing both short term and long term variations in luminosity, with the short period variations showing a phase cycle of 1.03 days. It is classified as a Gamma Cassiopeiae variable with an amplitude of 0.16 in magnitude.
Epsilon Capricorni Aa is a blue-white hued B-type main sequence star with a stellar classification of B2.5 Vpe and a visual magnitude of +4.62. It has 7.6 times the mass of the Sun and 4.8 times the Sun's radius. The star is spinning rapidly, with a projected rotational velocity of 225 km/s. This is giving it an oblate shape with an equatorial bulge that is 7% larger than the polar radius.
The system has two visual companions. Component B is a visual magnitude 10.11 star at an angular separation of 65.8 arc seconds along a position angle of 46°, as of 2013. Component C with visual magnitude of 14.1 lies at an angular separation of 62.7 arc seconds along a position angle of 164°, as of 1999. Both stars are likely to be unrelated and at different distances to Epsilon Capricorni.
# Saint-Rustice

Saint-Rustice (French pronunciation:; Occitan: Sent Rostesi) is a commune in the Haute-Garonne department in southwestern France.

## History

Saint-Rustice is famous for its ancient Roman mosaics which were discovered in 1833. The city takes its name from Rusticus, a bishop of Cahors, who was murdered in 630.

## Sights

* Gallo-Roman mosaic
* Town Hall
* St. Peter Church
* War memorial
# George McManus (baseball)

George McManus (June 18, 1846 – October 2, 1918) was a manager in Major League Baseball. He managed the St. Louis Brown Stockings of the National League for part of the 1876 season and all of the 1877 season.
His career managerial record was 34–34 in 68 games. His team finished in second place in 1876 and fourth in 1877. In the former season, he was manager for an unofficial five-game post-season series between his St. Louis team and the first place Chicago White Stockings. In the "Championship of the West", St. Louis won four to one.
# Dichomeris capillata

Dichomeris capillata is a moth in the family Gelechiidae. It was described by Thomas de Grey, 6th Baron Walsingham, in 1911. It is found in Guatemala and Panama.
The wingspan is about 12 mm (0.47 in). The forewings are ochreous, streaked and clouded with brown. A broad brown streak crosses the cell about the middle of the wing, obliquely outward from its upper to its lower edge, and above and beyond this the wing is more or less clouded with the same colour, slender lines of ochreous scales run through it in the direction of the veins and some fuscous scales are strewn along the fold throughout. There are also a few on the cell beyond the oblique brown streak, some below the costa, and others, forming a slight fuscous shade, before the apex and termen. A pale ochreous line marks the base of the light brownish cilia. The hindwings are brownish grey.
# Rosskeen

Rosskeen is a parish in Ross and Cromarty on the Cromarty Firth in northern Scotland, containing the settlements of Invergordon, Bridgend and Saltburn. It lies on the A9 between Inverness and Thurso.

## Notable Buildings

* Newmore Farmhouse (1845) by Andrew Maitland
* Rosskeen Parish Church (1833) under threat of demolition since 1972
* Rosskeen Free Church (c.1870)
Invergordon Castle was formerly the principal residence but was demolished in 1928.

## Notable Features

The Rosskeen Stone, a prehistoric standing stone.
The highest hill in the parish is Cairn Coinneag, around 1000m high. The parish contains two rivers: Balnagowan (Rorie) and the Alness.

## Notable persons

* Rev David Carment parish minister 1822 to 1843 and founder of Rosskeen Free Church of which he was minister 1843 to 1856
* Very Rev John MacDonald (1860-1947) Moderator of the General Assembly of the Free Church of Scotland in 1915.
# ATP Challenger China International – Nanchang

The ATP Challenger China International – Nanchang is a tennis tournament held in Nanchang, China since 2014. The event is part of the ATP Challenger Tour and since 2018 is played on indoor clay courts. Until 2016, the event has been held on hard courts at the Jiangxi International Sports Center.

## Past finals
### Singles

| Year | Champion | Runner-up | Score |
| 2019 | Andrej Martin | Jordan Thompson | 6–4, 1–6, 6–3 |
| 2018 | Quentin Halys | Calvin Hemery | 6–3, 6–2 |
| 2016 | Hiroki Moriya | Chung Hyeon | 4–6, 6–1, 6–4 |
| 2015 | Peter Gojowczyk | Amir Weintraub | 6–2, 6–1 |
| 2014 | Go Soeda | Blaž Kavčič | 6–3, 2–6, 7–6$^{(7–3)}$ |

### Doubles

| Year | Champions | Runners-up | Score |
| 2019 | Sander Arends Tristan-Samuel Weissborn | Alex Bolt Akira Santillan | 6–2, 6–4 |
| 2018 | Gong Maoxin Zhang Ze | Ruben Gonzales Christopher Rungkat | 3–6, 7–6$^{(9–7)}$, [10–7] |
| 2016 | Wu Di Zhang Zhizhen | Nicolás Barrientos Ruben Gonzales | 7–6$^{(7–4)}$, 6–3 |
| 2015 | Jonathan Eysseric Jürgen Zopp | Lee Hsin-han Amir Weintraub | 6–4, 6–2 |
| 2014 | Chen Ti Peng Hsien-yin | Jordan Kerr Fabrice Martin | 6–2, 3–6, [12–10] |
vteATP Challenger Tour tournaments :
Europe :
Africa :
Asia :
Australia :
North America :
Central America and Caribbean :
South America :
* This tennis-related competition article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
* This article about sports in the People's Republic of China is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
# Consulate General of Japan, Saint Petersburg

The Consulate-General of Japan in Saint Petersburg is the consulate of Japan in Saint Petersburg, Russia. It is located at 29 Nabereznaya Reki Moiki (Russian: Набережная реки Мойки, 29) in the Tsentralny district of Saint Petersburg.
The building was constructed in 1851 for Aleksey Lobanov-Rostovsky, with reconstructions and extensions in 1868 and 1875.
The decision to open a consulate-general in Leningrad, as it was then named, was taken by the Japanese cabinet following a bill passed in the Diet. This happened on 30 March 1971 with effect from April 1. This was part of a consular agreement in which consulates were also opened in Osaka, Sapporo and Nakhodka.
# Alternate

REDIRECT Alternative
# Słonne Mountains Landscape Park

Słonne Mountains Landscape Park (Park Krajobrazowy Gór Słonnych) is a protected area (Landscape Park) in south-eastern Poland, established in 1992, covering an area of 513.92 square kilometres (198.43 sq mi). It lies in the Słonne Mountains (Polish: Góry Słonne, literally "salt (brine) mountains") in the Eastern Carpathians (Carpathian Plateau).
Administratively the Park is within Subcarpathian Voivodeship: in Bieszczady County (Gmina Ustrzyki Dolne), Lesko County (Gmina Lesko, Gmina Olszanica) and Sanok County (Gmina Sanok, Gmina Tyrawa Wołoska).
Within the Landscape Park are nine nature reserves. 49°37′N 22°14′E﻿ / ﻿49.617°N 22.233°E﻿ / 49.617; 22.233
# Penitente River

The Penitente River (Spanish: río Penitente) is a river located in southern Patagonia. The river originates in Chile in the south and flows north into Argentina. Somewhere in Argentina the river becomes the origin of the Gallegos River, but sources disagree whether this happens at the confluence of it with the Rubens River or with the Turbio River.
# Brody Raion

Brody Raion (Ukrainian: Бродівський район, romanized: Brodivs’kyi raion) was a raion (district) of Lviv Oblast in western Ukraine. Its administrative center was Brody. The raion was abolished on 18 July 2020 as part of the administrative reform of Ukraine, which reduced the number of raions of Lviv Oblast to seven. The area of Brody Raion was merged into Zolochiv Raion. The last estimate of the population of the raion was 57,457 (2020 est.).
The raion was located at the easternmost portion of Lviv Oblast bordering with Rivne and Ternopil Oblasts to its east, Volyn Oblast to the north, Radekhiv Raion to the northwest, Busk Raion to the west, and Zolochiv Raion to the southwest.
Historically, the district (county) became known as border checkpoint between the Austria-Hungary Empire and the Russian Empire. As a county (powiat) it was established in 1866 as part of the Kingdom of Galicia and Lodomeria. After World War I, the area became part of the Second Polish Republic within the Tarnopol Voivodeship. During the invasion of Soviet forces at the beginning of World War II, the district was established by the Soviet administration.
The raion had a city administrative area, a "town with three other villages" administrative area and 23 rural councils which were formed out of the rest of the 73 villages. Some councils included up to 10 villages (Ponykva), while some consisted only of a pair of villages.

## Subdivisions

At the time of disestablishment, the raion consisted of three hromadas:
* Brody urban hromada with the administration in Brody;
* Pidkamin settlement hromada with the administration in the urban-type settlement of Pidkamin;
* Zabolottsi rural hromada with the administration in the selo of Zabolottsi.

## Landmarks of architecture

* Ruins of the Brody Castle, built by Guillaume Le Vasseur de Beauplan (1630–1635)
* Church of Vozdvyzhenia Chesnoho Khresta (former kosciol, 1660)
* Church of the Nativity of the Virgin Mary (18th century)
* Church of Saint George (18th century)
* Church of Holy Trinity (1750s)
* Ruins of Brody Synagogue (1750s)
* Jewish Cemetery in Brody
* Pidhirtsi Castle, built by Beauplan
** Castle's kosciol
** Inner court with a solar clock
** Castle's garden
* Church of Saint Michael (18th century)
* 400-year-old linden tree
* Plisnysko Gord
* Order of Saint Basil Monastery (18th century)
* Monastery UGCC (earlier Dominican Order) (Pidkamin)
** Building of kosciol
** Monastery cells
** Defensive walls and bastions
** Corinth column with a statue of the Virgin Mary
* Several towns chapels
* Dominican cemetery
* 17-meter tall rock, leftover of a sea reef
* Wooden kosciol of Yazlivchyk (1930s)
* Potocki Palace in Konyushkiv (18th century)
* Cossack cemetery near Shnyriv (1651)
* Kosciol ruins of the former Order of Saint Bernardine Monastery

## Education

* Markian Shashkevych Brody Pedagogical College

## Health care

* Brody Central District Hospital
* Pidkamin City Hospital
* Zabolotsi District Hospital
* Dental Clinic
# Dichomeris indignus

Dichomeris indignus is a moth in the family Gelechiidae. It was described by Thomas de Grey, 6th Baron Walsingham, in 1892. It is found in the West Indies, where it has been recorded from St. Vincent.
The wingspan is about 11 mm (0.43 in). The forewings are pale rufo-cinerous, with a few chestnut mottlings and a blackish discal spot before the middle, another on the fold almost exactly below it, but perhaps a little further removed from the base. There is a pair of very inconspicuous chestnut-brown spots on each side of the fold near the base, the lower preceding the upper, and another pair at about the end of the cell, sometimes fused into one spot but not conspicuous. There is also a series of five small black triangular dots (three on the apical margin, one on the apex, and one above it. The hindwings are reddish grey.
# Tausengirovo

Tausengirovo (Russian: Таусенгирово; Bashkir: Тауһеңер, Tawheñer) is a rural locality (a village) in Shaymuratovsky Selsoviet, Karmaskalinsky District, Bashkortostan, Russia. The population was 72 as of 2010. There are two streets.

## Geography

Tausengirovo is located 7 km southwest of Karmaskaly (the district's administrative centre) by road. Karmaskaly is the nearest rural locality.
# Skripeyevka

Skripeyevka (Russian: Скрипеевка) is a rural locality (Russian: деревня, lit. 'village') in Bolshezhirovsky Selsoviet Rural Settlement, Fatezhsky District, Kursk Oblast, Russia. Population: 26 (2010 Census); 24 (2002 Census);

## Geography

The village is located 101 km from the Russia–Ukraine border, 30 km north-west of Kursk, 15 km south-east of the district center – the town Fatezh, 1 km from the selsoviet center – Bolshoye Zhirovo.

### Climate

Skripeyevka has a warm-summer humid continental climate (Dfb in the Köppen climate classification).

## Transport

Skripeyevka is located 1.5 km from the federal route M-2 Crimea Highway as part of the European route E105, 22 km from the road of regional importance 38K-018 (Kursk – Ponyri), 5.5 km from the road 38K-039 (Fatezh – 38K-018), on the road of intermunicipal significance 38Н-819 (Bolshoye Zhirovo – Skripeyevka – Kutasovka), 24 km from the nearest railway halt 521 km (railway line Oryol – Kursk).
The rural locality is situated 32 km from Kursk Vostochny Airport, 152 km from Belgorod International Airport and 224 km from Voronezh Peter the Great Airport.