OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Yin Haiguang

Yin Haiguang (Chinese: 殷海光; pinyin: Yīn Hǎiguāng; 5 December 1919 – 16 September 1969) was a Chinese author, educator and philosopher from Taiwan.

## Biography

Yin was born to missionary parents in Huanggang, Hubei, in December 1919 and was raised in Wuchang. His uncle, Yin Ziheng (殷子衡), was a revolutionist who took part in Xinhai Revolution.
At the age of 13, he studied at Wuchang Middle School (武昌中學). When he was a high school student, he started to be interested in philosophy. Before he reached the age of 20, he translated a textbook on logic, which ran more than 400 pages, from English to Chinese. He helped introduce Western thinkers and philosophers such as Bertrand Russell, Karl Popper and Frederick von Hayek to liberal Chinese intellectuals. Jin Yuelin had a strong influence on his youth.
In 1938, he entered Southwest Associated University, majoring in philosophy. In 1942, He was accepted to Tsinghua University and graduated in 1945. Upon his graduation, he joined the Youth Army. returned to Chongqing after eight months.
In 1946, he worked in Central Daily News as an editor. Meanwhile, he taught philosophy at the University of Nanking.
In 1949, along with the relocation of Central Daily News, Yin settled in Taiwan. He began teaching philosophy at National Taiwan University and became an editor of the semi-monthly Free China Journal (FCJ). Along with other intellectuals from his circle, Yin used the FCJ to publish articles that were at times highly critical of the Kuomintang. In 1960, the authorities lost patience and shut down the FCJ. A crackdown followed which led to Yin being banned from teaching and lecturing. After that, he withdrew from public life.
In 1954, Yin went to Harvard University as a visiting scholar and returned to Taiwan the year after. However, he suffered from political persecution since then. In 1969, Yin died of gastric cancer when he was 49.
Since 2003, the house in which he lived in Taipei, near Taiwan National University, has been listed as a historic landmark and can be visited by the public.

## Works

* The Complete Works of Yin Haiguang (殷海光全集)

## Translation

* The Road to Serfdom (Friedrich Hayek) (到奴役之路)

## Personal life

In October 1953, Yin married Xia Junlu (夏君璐; d. 2013), he had a daughter Yin Wenli (殷文麗; b. March 1956). His daughter and son-in-law now live in the United States.
# National Route 914 (Costa Rica)

National Tertiary Route 914, or just Route 914 (Spanish: Ruta Nacional Terciaria 914, or Ruta 914), is a National Road Route of Costa Rica, located in the Guanacaste province.

## Description

In Guanacaste province the route covers La Cruz canton (Santa Elena district).
# Masu'ot Yitzhak

Masu'ot Yitzhak (Hebrew: מְשּׂוּאוֹת יִצְחָק, lit. Yitzhak's Beacons) is a moshav shitufi in southern Israel. Located near Ashkelon, it falls under the jurisdiction of Shafir Regional Council. The original kibbutz in Gush Etzion was destroyed and depopulated in the 1948 Arab–Israeli War, and a new settlement was established in 1949 in a different location. In 2022 it had a population of 705.

## History

Kibbutz Masu'ot Yitzhak was founded in 1945 in Gush Etzion, midway between Jerusalem and Hebron. The settlers were young pioneers from Hungary, Czechoslovakia, and Germany who arrived before World War II. The kibbutz was named for the chief rabbi of Mandatory Palestine, Yitzhak HaLevi Herzog.
* The four kibbutzes of the Gush Etzion at the time of the 1948 war (Kfar Etzion, Ein Zurim, Massuot Yitzhak, Revadim) overlaid on a 1943 Survey of Palestine map
* Masu’ot Yitzhak founders October 1945
* Musu'ot Yitzhak. 31 October 1945
* Masu’ot Yitzhak fencing 1945
* Masu’ot Yitzhak first buildings 1945
* Masu’ot Yitzhak celebrations 1945
* Mas'uot Yitzhak, 1947
The settlers of Masu'ot Yitzhak rose to the challenge of living in the Judean Mountains, building homes and planting orchards. In 1948, Gush Etzion was captured by the Arab Legion. The residents of Kfar Etzion were massacred, and all other inhabitants of Gush Etzion, including the residents of Masu'ot Yitzhak, were captured and imprisoned in Jordan.
After their return from captivity in 1949, the Masu'ot Yitzhak pioneers established a new moshav of the same name near Shafir, a region inhabited by the Philistines in biblical times. Shafir had served as a base for the southern front of the Israeli army during the 1948 war, and the land on which the new Masu'ot Yitzhak was founded had until shortly beforehand belonged to the depopulated Palestinian village of al-Sawafir al-Gharbiyya.
Tzahali, a military preparatory program for religious girls, is based in Masu'ot Yitzhak.

## Economy

The moshav economy is based on agriculture and industry. A reservoir was built 40 years ago to harness the winter flood waters of Nahal Lachish for farming. The water is used to irrigate 125 acres (0.51 km$^2$) of avocado trees.
# Nopaltepec, State of Mexico

Nopaltepec is municipality in State of Mexico, Mexico. It's municipal seat and second largest town is the town of Nopaltepec. It is approximately 250 km (160 mi) from Toluca, the state capital. The name derives from Náhuatl meaning "on nopal (paddle cactus) hill". It was originally called "Santa María de la Asunción Nopaltepec" but, after 1960, only Nopaltepec has been used.

## Village

The village first appears in records around 1603 though villages in this area have existed since pre-Hispanic times. It is also known as Santa María de la Asunción Nopaltepec. In 1901 the Parish of Nopaltepec is established and was expanded in 1932. The village had a population of 3,224 in 2005.

## The municipality

The largest town is San Felipe Teotitlán, followed by the municipal seat Nopaltepec, San Miguel Atepoxco, Ex-hacienda la Puerta, Santa Inés Amiltepec, Ex-hacienda de Tepatepec, Colonia Venta de Cruz, Las Ambrises, and Rancho San Felipe (Moratepec).
The municipality has 87.94 square km of territory and a total population of 8,182 as of 2005. It is bordered by the municipality of Axapusco and the state of Hidalgo.
The municipality is principally rural, mainly flat plateau with small elevations. With no lakes or rivers, all water supplies come from underground aquifers. Its flora is adapted to its semi-arid climate and include: pirúl, mezquite, licorice root, sweet acacia, date palm, maguey, various varieties of nopal, eucalyptus, camphor trees, pine, wild privets, mimosa, ash tree, and ornamental palms. Wild fauna include: rabbits, hares, squirrels, skunks, cacomixtle, tlacuache, chachahuate, lizards, cencuate, trout, rattlesnakes, linger and scorpions. Agriculture is the primary economic activity with the production of cactus fruit, pulque and basic grains for auto-consumption. There is some fish-farming here as well. There is almost no livestock here and only a few home-based workshops producing clothing, plastic items, plumbing, and metalworks.

## History

The villages of this area in the pre-Hispanic era, were dominated by the Teotihuacan culture. Around 1134, the Chichimecas migrated here from what is now the north of Mexico, taking over these same villages. What now the municipality was part of the dominion of Xaltoca around 1200 and when this lord fell, the kind King Xolotl consolidated this area along with Teotitln, Atepoxco, as well as other villages of the time. During the Aztec Empire, Nopalteppec was part of the Acolhua region. After the Conquest, the area became part of the "alcaldia mayor" (lit. major mayorship) of Otompan and would remain so throughout the 18th century. The municipality would not be officially declared until 1871 with the name of Santa María de la Asunción Nopaltepec.
The Battle of Venta de Cruz took place here in 1816 as part of the Mexican War of Independence.
# Michael Spring

Michael Spring (December 14, 1879 – March 17, 1970) was an American track and field athlete. Spring won the 1904 Boston Marathon, after finishing third in 1903.
An announcement in the August 6, 1904 issue of The New York Times indicated that the Metropolitan Association of the Amateur Athletic Union would hold a "special five-mile race" at Celtic Park on August 13, 1904, with the eight top finishers receiving a paid trip to compete in the marathon at the Olympic Games in St. Louis on August 30, 1904. Spring, listed as representing the Pastime Athletic Club, was named as one of 19 "probable competitors" in the event.
At the 1904 Summer Olympics, Spring competed in the marathon but did not finish the event. Two years later, Spring again competed at the Olympic in 1906. He did not finish in marathon competition.
# Puerto Rico Economic Development Bank

The Economic Development Bank for Puerto Rico —Spanish: Banco de Desarrollo Económico para Puerto Rico (BDE)— is a government-owned corporation of Puerto Rico that provides loans, loan guarantees, and funds to private organizations whose economic activities have the effect of replacing imports in Puerto Rico. The Bank was established by Law No. 22 of 1985.
# Goian, Transnistria

Goian (Moldovan Cyrillic: Гоян, Russian: Гояны, romanized: Goyany, Ukrainian: Гояни, romanized: Hoyany) is a commune in Transnistria, Moldova. It is composed of two villages, Goian and Iagorlîc (Ягорлик, Ягорлык). It has since 1990 been administered as a part of the breakaway Pridnestrovian Moldovan Republic.
According to the 2004 census, the village's population was 684, of which 612 (89.47%) were Moldovans (Romanians), 34 (4.97%) Ukrainians and 34 (4.97%) Russians.
# Edgar Norfolk

Edgar Norfolk (5 November 1893 – 1980) was a British actor.
Norfolk was born Edgar Greenwood. He was the first husband of the actress Helen Saintsbury (a daughter of the actor H.A. Saintsbury).

## Filmography

| Year | Title | Role | Notes |
| 1932 | Hotel Splendide | 'Gentleman Charlie' | |
| 1932 | Illegal | Lord Alan Sevington | |
| 1932 | The Sign of Four | Capt. Morstan | Uncredited |
| 1932 | Insult | Captain Jean Conte | |
| 1933 | Forging Ahead | Lieutenant-Colonel Fair | |
| 1933 | His Grace Gives Notice | Captain Langley | |
| 1934 | The Black Abbot | Brian Heslewood | |
| 1934 | Tangled Evidence | Dr. Acland | |
| 1935 | Sexton Blake and the Mademoiselle | Inspector Thomas | |
| 1936 | Men of Yesterday | | |
| 1947 | The Courtneys of Curzon Street | Mr. W. | |
| 1947 | Mine Own Executioner | Sir George Freethorne | |
| 1948 | Elizabeth of Ladymead | | Uncredited |
| 1949 | Silent Dust | Simpson | Uncredited |
| 1953 | The Beggar's Opera | 5th Turnkey | |
| 1953 | Laughing Anne | Conrad's Companion | (final film role) |
# Michel Grandjean

Michel Grandjean (12 April 1931 – 11 December 2010) was a Swiss pair skater. With his sister Silvia Grandjean, he won the 1954 European Figure Skating Championships. They placed 7th at the 1952 Winter Olympics. The also participated at various skating shows including Ice Capades and Holiday on Ice.

## Results

(pairs with Silvia Grandjean)
| Event | 1951 | 1952 | 1953 | 1954 |
| Winter Olympic Games | | 7th | | |
| World Championships | 7th | 6th | 4th | 2nd |
| European Championships | 4th | 4th | | 1st |
| Swiss Championships | | 1st | 1st | 1st |
# Goyang Sono Skygunners

Goyang Sono Skygunners (Korean: 고양 소노 스카이거너스) is a professional basketball club based in Goyang, South Korea which plays in the Korean Basketball League.

## History
### Dayone Sports era (2022–2023)

Rumours of a sale of Orion's stake in the club fuelled in early 2022. In April 2022, Orion confirmed that active negotiations with a potential buyer, Dayone Asset Management, a subsidiary of Daewoo Shipbuilding & Marine Engineering, was ongoing. The takeover was officially confirmed in May 2022, with the transfer of the entire club, players and staff to Dayone Asset Management. Kim Seung-gi, who won two championships with Anyang KGC, was appointed as the head coach of the team. On 24 June 2022, KBL officially approved the application of Dayone Sports as a member of the league, with a former player and coach, Hur Jae, being registered as the owner and manager of the club.
On 25 August 2022, Dayone Sports officially revealed that the club would be named Goyang Carrot Jumpers. In March 2023, due to financial problems, the team parted ways with sponsor Carrot Insurance and renamed themselves Goyang Day One Jumpers.

## Team names

* 1996–1997: Dongyang Confectionary Basketball Team
* 1997–2003: Daegu Tongyang Orions
* 2003–2011: Daegu Orions
* 2011–2015: Goyang Orions
* 2015–2022: Goyang Orion Orions
* 2022–2023: Goyang Carrot Jumpers
* 2023: Goyang Day One Jumpers
* 2023–present: Goyang Sono Skygunners

## Current roster

Note: Flags indicate national team eligibility at FIBA-sanctioned events. Players may hold other non-FIBA nationalities not displayed.

### Enlisted players

| Player name | Military branch | Enlisted | Expected discharge |
| Kim Moo-sung | Republic of Korea Army | 2021 | N/A |
| Jeon Seong-hwan | Republic of Korea Army | 2021 | N/A |

## Honours

* Korean Basketball League championship
       Winners: 2001–02, 2015–16
       Runners-up: 2002–03
* Korean Basketball League regular season
       Winners: 2001–02, 2002–03
       Runners-up: 2016–17
* KBL Pro-Am
       Winners: 2015
* KBL Cup
       Winners: 2020
# Radiation sensitivity

Radiation sensitivity is the susceptibility of a material to physical or chemical changes induced by radiation. Examples of radiation sensitive materials are silver chloride, photoresists and biomaterials. Pine trees are more radiation susceptible than birch due to the complexity of the pine DNA in comparison to the birch. Examples of radiation insensitive materials are metals and ionic crystals such as quartz and sapphire. The radiation effect depends on the type of the irradiating particles, their energy, and the number of incident particles per unit volume. Radiation effects can be transient or permanent. The persistence of the radiation effect depends on the stability of the induced physical and chemical change. Physical radiation effects depending on diffusion properties can be thermally annealed whereby the original structure of the material is recovered. Chemical radiation effects usually cannot be recovered.
# Saglemi housing project

Saglemi Housing Project (also known as the Saglemi Affordable Housing Project) is a public housing project located in Prampram in the Ningo Prampram District in the Greater Accra Region of Ghana. The Ghana Home Loans Company were to provide mortgage arrangements for the housing units to be sold to employees.

## History

The project was begun in 2012 by the National Democratic Congress to ease the accommodation deficit in Ghana. The project was funded by Credit Suisse following a Parliament of Ghana approval, was granted on 13 October 2012. On 4 January 2013, the Ministry of Finance who was the borrower and the lender signed a facility agreement for the release of $200 million to fund the construction of the 5,000 housing units, Collins Dauda who was the then Minister for Water Resources, Works and Housing signed the Engineering Procurement and Construction Agreement with Construtora OAS Ghana Limited, represented by Clocanas. The Minister further disclosed that the sale had become necessary after actively engaging Cabinet, the Ministry of Finance , the Office of the Attorney-General and the Ministry of Justice on the completion of the project. The Saglemi housing project is not going to be affordable according to Fatimatu Aubakari, the deputy minister for information.

## Construction

The facility sits on a 300-acre land and was meant to be a 5,000-residential unit building. It has one to three-bedroom flats for persons who earn low income. The agreement signed between the Government stated it would be done in four phases.
* Phase One saw the building of 180 blocks comprising over 1,500 flats.

## Controversy

The project became a matter of controversy after the New Patriotic Party took power after years of abandonment. Samuel Atta Akyea said the agreement was botched following acts of embezzlement by former NDC government officials. Out of the 5,000 proposed housing units, only 668 housing units were completed. The Attorney General claimed the completed houses were not habitable and also added that the project at the site worth $64million even though it was stated about $196million was spent. Collins Dauda, Agyeman-Mensah; the Chief Director at the ministry from 2009 to 2017, Alhaji Ziblim Yakubu; former Chief Director at the Ministry for Water Resources, Works and Housing and also the Executive Chairman of Construtora OAS, the Brazilian company which constructed the affordable housing project at Saglemi, Andrew Clocanas, and a director of RMS, the Engineering, Procurement and Construction (EPC) consultancy subcontractor, Nouvi Tetteh Angelo faced 52 counts of criminal charges and were accused for willfully causing financial loss to the state.

## Continuation

Francis Asenso-Boakye claimed the project would be completed after the ministry tasked the Ghana Institution of Surveyors to conduct a cost and technical audit of the agreement.
On 18 October 2024, The government selected Quarm-LMI as the preferred developer to complete the long-stalled Saglemi Housing Project.
On 22 October 2024, John Mahama promised to review the handing over of the project to Quarm-LMI.
# Zarechny, Sakha Republic

Zarechny (Russian: Заречный) is a rural locality (a selo), the only inhabited locality, and the administrative center of Zarechny Village of Olyokminsky District in the Sakha Republic, Russia, located 3 kilometers (1.9 mi) from Olyokminsk, the administrative center of the district. Its population as of the 2010 Census was 620, of whom 327 were male and 293 female, down from 674 as recorded during the 2002 Census.
# Nong Saeng district, Saraburi

Nong Saeng (Thai: หนองแซง, pronounced) is a district (amphoe) of Saraburi province, central Thailand.

## History

Originally, the district was created as a minor district (king amphoe) under Sao Hai district in 1938. It was upgraded to a full district in 1953.
The most people of Nong Saeng migrated from Vientiane. They established their new town near a pond surrounded by saeng trees, so they named their new town Ban Nong Saeng.

## Geography

Neighboring districts are (from the north clockwise) Sao Hai, Mueang Saraburi, Nong Khae of Saraburi Province, and Phachi and Tha Ruea of Phra Nakhon Si Ayutthaya province.

## Administration
### Central administration

The district Nong Saeng is subdivided into 9 subdistricts (Tambon), which are further subdivided into 69 administrative villages (Muban).
| No. | Name | Thai | Villages | Pop. |
| 01. | Nong Saeng | หนองแซง | 08 | 2,072 |
| 02. | Nong Khwai So | หนองควายโซ | 09 | 2,246 |
| 03. | Nong Hua Pho | หนองหัวโพ | 07 | 1,774 |
| 04. | Nong Sida | หนองสีดา | 06 | 00963 |
| 05. | Nong Kop | หนองกบ | 07 | 1,675 |
| 06. | Kai Sao | ไก่เส่า | 10 | 2,409 |
| 07. | Khok Sa-at | โคกสะอาด | 07 | 2,083 |
| 08. | Muang Wan | ม่วงหวาน | 08 | 1,697 |
| 09. | Khao Din | เขาดิน | 07 | 00934 |

### Local administration

There is one subdistrict municipality (Thesaban Tambon) in the district:
* Nong Saeng (Thai: เทศบาลตำบลหนองแซง) consisting of the complete subdistrict Nong Saeng and parts of the subdistricts Nong Khwai So, Kai Sao.
There are 5 subdistrict administrative organizations (SAO) in the district:
* Nong Hua Pho (Thai: องค์การบริหารส่วนตำบลหนองหัวโพ) consisting of the complete subdistrict Nong Hua Pho, Nong Sida.
* Nong Kop (Thai: องค์การบริหารส่วนตำบลหนองกบ) consisting of the complete subdistrict Nong Kop and parts of the subdistrict Nong Khwai So.
* Kai Sao (Thai: องค์การบริหารส่วนตำบลไก่เส่า) consisting of parts of the subdistrict Kai Sao.
* Khok Sa-at (Thai: องค์การบริหารส่วนตำบลโคกสะอาด) consisting of the complete subdistrict Khok Sa-at.
* Muang Wan (Thai: องค์การบริหารส่วนตำบลม่วงหวาน) consisting of the complete subdistrict Muang Wan, Khao Din.
# Bolshoi Theatre, Saint Petersburg

59°55′33″N 30°17′53″E﻿ / ﻿59.92583°N 30.29806°E﻿ / 59.92583; 30.29806
The Saint Petersburg Imperial Bolshoi Kamenny Theatre (The Big Stone Theatre of Saint Petersburg, Russian: Большой Каменный Театр) was a theatre in Saint Petersburg.
It was built in 1783 to Antonio Rinaldi's Neoclassical design as the Kamenny (i.e., Stone) Theatre; Giovanni Paisiello’s opera Il mondo della luna was performed at the opening on 24 September. It was rebuilt in 1802 according to the designs of the architect Thomas de Thomon and renamed the Bolshoi, but burned down in 1811. The building was restored in 1818, and modified between 1826 and 1836 by Alberto Cavos to accommodate more modern machinery.
Until 1886, the Bolshoi Kamenny Theatre was principal theatre for both the Imperial Ballet and the Imperial Russian Opera.
In 1886 the building was declared unsafe and, at the behest of the theatre director Ivan Vsevolozhsky, the ballet and opera performances moved to the Imperial Mariinsky Theatre, where they have remained ever since. The Imperial Bolshoi Kamenny Theatre was then torn down to make way for the new Saint Petersburg Conservatory.

## Notable premieres

Operas
* A Life for the Tsar (1836) – Mikhail Glinka
* Ruslan and Lyudmila (1842) – Mikhail Glinka
* La forza del destino (1862) – Giuseppe Verdi
Ballets
* The Pharaoh's Daughter (1862) – chor. Marius Petipa, mus. Cesare Pugni
* The Beauty of Lebanon or The Mountain Spirit chor. by Marius Petipa mus. Cesare Pugni.
* The Little Humpbacked Horse (1864) – chor. Arthur Saint-Léon, mus. Cesare Pugni
* La Bayadère (1877) – chor. Marius Petipa, mus. Ludwig Minkus
# Megalonisi (Crete)

Megalonisi (Greek: Μεγαλονήσι, "big island") is an uninhabited islet off the southern coast of the Greek island of Crete in the Libyan Sea that hosts a lighthouse. The islet is in a bay between the capes of Lithino and Kefalas, at Kommos, and close to Gortyn which was the ancient capital of Crete. It is administered within Heraklion regional unit.

## Group of islets

There is a group of four islets in the bay including Papadoplaka (to the west), Megalonisi (with the lighthouse), Mikronisi (also known as Agios Pavlos), and Trafos.
# Phthiotis and Phocis Prefecture

Phthiotis and Phocis Prefecture (Greek: Νομός Φθιώτιδος και Φωκίδος) was a prefecture of Greece. It was first established in 1833 as the Phocis and Locris Prefecture (Νομός Φθιώτιδος και Λοκρίδος) but abolished in 1836 and reconstituted in 1845 under its later name. At the time, it lay on the Greek-Ottoman border. With the annexation of Thessaly by Greece in 1881, the prefecture's territory came to include the Domokos Province. The prefecture was split up into separate Phthiotis and Phocis prefectures in the 1899 reform, but this was reverted in 1909. The prefecture finally ceased to exist in 1943, when it was again split up into Phthiotis and Phocis. These existed until the abolition of the prefectures in 2011, when they were transformed into regional units of the Central Greece region.
vtePrefectures of Greece :
By year established :
$^a$ In Eastern Thrace or $^b$ Northern Epirus, outside present-day Greece.
$^c$ From 1971, Attica consisted of four prefecture-level units: Athens, East Attica, Piraeus and West Attica. From 1994, Athens and Piraeus were grouped into a single super-prefecture.
$^d$ From 1994, Drama / Kavala / Xanthi and Evros / Rhodope prefectures were grouped into super-prefectures. :
* This Central Greece location article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e