OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Pippa Goldschmidt

Pippa Goldschmidt is a British fiction writer, formerly based in Edinburgh, Scotland but now living in Germany.

## Education

Goldschmidt has a background in science, having completed an undergraduate degree in physics with astronomy at the University of Leeds and a PhD in Astronomy at University of Edinburgh.

## Career

After completing her education she worked as a postdoctoral researcher at Queen Mary University and Imperial College in London, then joined the civil service fast stream graduate scheme, working at British National Space Centre and Department for Trade and Industry. During her work in government she worked on homelessness policy for the Scottish Government, as well as offshore renewable energy policy for Marine Scotland.

### Writing

Goldschmidt's debut novel Falling Sky was published in 2013 and a collection of short stories The Need for Better Regulation of Outer Space in 2015. In 2015 she was the co-editor of I Am Because You Are, a collection of short stories on the theme of relativity, published for the centenary of Einstein's theory of general relativity. She has also been a writer in residence for the ESRC Genomics Policy and Research Forum, the School of Physics and Astronomy at the University of Edinburgh, Wigtown Book Festival, the German city of Heidelberg and is currently writer in residence at the University of Edinburgh's science, technology and innovation studies unit.
In 2008 she achieved an MLitt in Creative Writing from the University of Glasgow.

### Publications

* The Falling Sky (2013) ISBN 978-1908754141
* The Need for Better Regulation of Outer Space (2015)
* I Am Because You Are (2015)

### Awards and honours

* The Falling Sky Shortlisted for Dundee International Book Prize (2012)
* Scottish Book Trust New Writers Award (2012)
* Suffrage Science award (2016)
* Longlisted for the Edge Hill Short Story Prize (2016)
* Longlisted for the Frank O'Connor International Short Story Award (2015)
# Mutnaya (village), Dobryansky District, Perm Krai

Mutnaya (Russian: Мутная) is a rural locality (a village) in Dobryansky District, Perm Krai, Russia. The population was 3 as of 2010. There is 1 street.

## Geography

Mutnaya is located 55 km northeast of Dobryanka (the district's administrative centre) by road. Vilva is the nearest rural locality.
# Saint-Nexans

Saint-Nexans (French pronunciation:; Occitan: Sent Naissent) is a commune in the Dordogne department in Nouvelle-Aquitaine in southwestern France.
# Serixia triplagiata

Serixia triplagiata is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Stephan von Breuning in 1955.
# Arly Airport

Arly Airport (IATA: ARL, ICAO: DFER) is a public use airport located near Arli National Park or Arly, Tapoa Province, Burkina Faso. While the runway outline is clearly visible, it appears overgrown with vegetation and may be unusable. However, the airfield is still listed in the official ASECNA Aeronautical Information Publication for Burkina Faso and has an official IATA 3-letter code, though its 4-letter code does not appear to be recognised by ICAO.
# Non Narai district

Non Narai (Thai: โนนนารายณ์, pronounced) is a district (amphoe) of Surin province, northeastern Thailand.

## History

The minor district (king amphoe) was established on 1 July 1997, when five tambons were split from Rattanaburi district.
On 15 May 2007, all 81 minor districts were upgraded to full districts. On 24 August the upgrade became official.

## Geography

Neighboring districts are (from the south clockwise): Samrong Thap, Sanom and Rattanaburi of Surin Province, and Mueang Chan of Sisaket province.

## Administration

The district is divided into five sub-districts (tambons), which are further subdivided into 67 villages (mubans). There are no municipal (thesaban) areas, and further five tambon administrative organizations (TAO).
| No. | Name | Thai name | Villages | Pop. |
| 1. | Nong Luang | หนองหลวง | 8 | 5,610 |
| 2. | Kham Phong | คำผง | 12 | 6,094 |
| 3. | Non | โนน | 15 | 5,980 |
| 4. | Rawiang | ระเวียง | 13 | 8,821 |
| 5. | Nong Thep | หนองเทพ | 19 | 8,889 |
# Lignerolles, Allier

Lignerolles (French pronunciation: ; Occitan: Linharolas) is a commune in the Allier department in central France.
# Kacio Fonseca

Kacio Fonseca da Silva Freitas (born 13 May 1994) is a Brazilian male track cyclist. He competed in the team sprint event at the 2015 UCI Track Cycling World Championships.
# Bazet

Bazet (French pronunciation:; Occitan: Badèth) is a commune in the Hautes-Pyrénées department in southwestern France.
# Council of Three (Poland)

The Council of Three (Polish: Rada Trzech, IPA:) was a collegial body created by the Polish Government in Exile in 1954 with prerogatives of the President of Poland. It consisted of three members of the government chosen by the Council of National Unity (Rada Jedności Narodowej), a rump parliament in exile.
It was created in 1954, after President August Zaleski declined to leave his office after his seven-year term ended. According to the Polish April 1935 constitution, the legal basis for the existence of the government in exile, the president was allowed to choose his successor "during a war, in case his office falls vacant before the peace treaty is signed". The post-war Akt Zjednoczenia Narodowego (National Unity Act) was an agreement among all the major political parties that assumed that presidents were to choose their successors every seven years, but that was rejected by Zaleski.
Initially, the Rada Trzech was a self-proclaimed committee of opposition to Zaleski, but on 21 July 1956, the Rada Jedności Narodowej granted it the powers of the Polish head of state. It was dissolved in July 1972, following Zaleski's death on 7 April that year. The Rada Trzech ceded its powers to Zaleski's successor, Stanisław Ostrowski.

## Members

The members of the Rada Trzech were:
* General Władysław Anders (until 1970)
* Edward Raczyński (until 1972)
* Tomasz Arciszewski (until 1955)
Tomasz Arciszewski died in 1955. His place was taken by:
* General Tadeusz Bór-Komorowski (1956-1966)
* General Roman Odzierzyński (1966-1968)
* Stanisław Mglej (1968-1969)
* Alfred Urbański (1969-1972)
Władysław Anders died in 1970. His place was taken by:
* General Stanisław Kopański (1970-1972)
# Neot Kedumim

Neot Kedumim, the Biblical Landscape Reserve in Israel (Hebrew: נאות קדומים) is a Biblical garden and nature preserve located near Modi'in, midway between Jerusalem and Tel Aviv, Israel.

## Etymology

Neot Kedumim means "pleasant pastures (or habitations) of old."

## Overview

Neot Kedumim is an attempt to re-create the physical setting of the Hebrew Bible. The park covers an area of about 2,500 dunams (2.5 km$^2$; 0.97 sq mi). The idea of planting such a garden dates back to 1925. In 1964, land was allocated for the project with the help of Prime Minister David Ben-Gurion.
Neot Kedumim comprises a series of natural and agricultural landscapes, among them the Forest of Milk and Honey, the Dale of the Song of Songs, Isaiah's Vineyard and the Fields of the Seven Species. Signs are posted throughout the garden quoting relevant Jewish texts in Hebrew and English.
Neot Kedumim offers pre-booked organized tours but is also accessible to individuals who can roam the site on their own with maps provided by the park.

## History

When Ephraim and Hannah Hareuveni immigrated from Russia to Ottoman Palestine in 1912, they dreamed of developing a biblical landscape reserve that "embodied the panorama and power of the landscapes that both shaped the values of the Bible and provided a rich vocabulary for expressing them". Their son, Noga, a physicist, dedicated his life to implementing his parents' dream. To build the park, thousands of tons of soil were trucked in, reservoirs were built to catch runoff rain water, ancient terraces, wine presses and ritual baths were restored, and hundreds of varieties of plants were cultivated.
In 1994 Neot Kedumim and Noga Hareuveni, the driving spirit behind the garden, were awarded the Israel Prize for their special contribution to society and the State of Israel.

## Salvia and menorah

Plants in several species of the genus Salvia resemble the menorah.
   A shrub called the moriah, which bears a striking resemblance to the menorah, particularly inspires Miss Frenkley. "In Exodus, Chapters 25 and 37," she says, "we get a very exact description of how the artisan Bezalel fashioned the first menorah, or seven-branched candelabram, for the Tabernacle in Sinai. We're told it was patterned with three knobbed branches on each side of the main stem, and with so many almond-shaped calyxes and flowers on each branch. Dr. Hareuveni's parents searched for the botanical prototype and identified it as this moriah, or Salvia palaestina. It's a member of the sage family, and its very fragrant oil was likely used in the Temple. In the Bible we're told that the burning of sweet incense always accompanied the lighting of the menorah."
# John Holder

John Holder may refer to:
* John Holder (umpire) (born 1945), English former cricketer and umpire
* John Holder (bishop) (born 1949), Anglican Archbishop of the West Indies
* Ram John Holder (born 1934), British actor
* Sir John Charles Holder, 1st Baronet (1838–1923), of the Holder baronets
* Sir John Eric Duncan Holder, 3rd Baronet (1899–1986), of the Holder baronets
* Sir (John), Henry Holder, 4th Baronet (1928–2020), of the Holder baronets
* John N. Holder, associated with Holder Plantation; longtime owner/editor of The Jackson Herald and candidate for Governor in U.S. state of Georgia
# Avshalom Cave

Avshalom Cave (Hebrew: מערת אבשלום, romanized: Me'arat Avshalom), known in academic literature as Soreq Cave (Hebrew: מערת שׂורק, romanized: Me'arat Soreq; Arabic: مغارة سوريك, romanized: Mghar Suriq) and popularly as Stalactites Cave (Hebrew: מערת הנטיפים, romanized: Me'arat HaNetifim), is a 5,000 m$^2$ cave on the western side of Mt. Ye'ela, in the Judean hills in Israel, unique for its dense concentration of stalactites and other cave formations. It is a popular show cave, as well as a highly valued witness of the climate evolution over the last 185,000 years.

## Name

The cave is named after the Soreq/Sorek Valley (Nahal Sorek) and after Avshalom Shoham, an Israeli soldier killed in the War of Attrition.

## Location

Avshalom Cave is situated near Hartuv, 3 km east of Bet Shemesh, Israel.

## Discovery

The cave was discovered accidentally in May 1968, while quarrying with explosives.
After its discovery, the location of the cave was kept a secret for several years for fear of damage to its natural treasures.

## Description

The cave is 83 m long, 60 m wide, and 15 m high.
The temperature and the humidity in the cave are constant year round.
Some of the stalactites found in the cave are four meters long, and some have been dated as 300,000 years old. Some meet stalagmites to form stone pillars.

## Paleoclimate research: significance

The cave has been the focus of paleoclimate research, which allowed reconstruction of the region's semi-arid climate for the past 185,000 years. According to the American geologist James Aronson, the Soreq Cave is the Rosetta Stone of climate history in the Eastern Mediterranean.

## Tourism

The cave is now open to visitors, in the heart of the 67-dunam Avshalom Nature Reserve, declared in 1975. In 2012, a new lighting system was installed to prevent the formation and growth of algae.

## Gallery

* Sign at entrance to the cave
* Cave entrance
* Speleothems
* Stalactite meeting stalagmite to form a pillar
* Speleothems
* A stalagmite and stalactite almost touch
* Cave pond almost covered over by calcareous sinter
* Cave formation
# Yuriy Kichayev

Yuriy Kichayev is a Ukrainian sprint canoer who competed in the mid-1990s. He won a bronze medal in the K-4 200 m event at the 1994 ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships in Mexico City.
# Lamborghini Flying Star II

The Lamborghini Flying Star II (also named Lamborghini 400 GT Flying Star II) was a one-off concept car built by Carrozzeria Touring Superleggera in 1966 on a Lamborghini 400 GT chassis. It debuted at the 1966 Turin Auto Show.
In 1966, Carrozzeria Touring Superleggera of Milan explored a new design concept. Their long relation with Lamborghini was celebrated with the Flying Star II, a fully functional prototype with a design that was unconventional for the time. It was a two-seater with a very low and compact two-volume shooting brake bodywork, with a hatchback-style rear door. The design team for the Flying Star II was led by Carlo Anderloni.
The name "Flying Star II" was a reference to the Touring "Flying Star" roadsters of the prewar period, designed by Giuseppe Seregni and built on Isotta Fraschini and Alfa Romeo chassis.
The Flying Star was built on the chassis and drive train of the 400 GT production model, sharing its 3.9 L Lamborghini V12 engine, 5 speed manual transmission, fully independent suspension and four wheel disc brakes. The chassis was shortened by 100 millimetres (3.9 in) compared to the production 400 GT.
This would be the last design to come out of Carrozzeria Touring Superleggera, before the company was revived in 2006 and introduced the A8GCS Berlinetta Touring based on a Maserati drivetrain in 2008.
Currently on exposition in VW dealership in Radom, Poland.
# Cobitis brevifasciata

Cobitis brevifasciata is a vulnerable species of loach endemic to the Korean Peninsula.
# Novaya Kirga

Novaya Kirga (Russian: Новая Кирга; Bashkir: Яңы Кирге, Yañı Kirge) is a rural locality (a village) in Sandugachevsky Selsoviet, Yanaulsky District, Bashkortostan, Russia. The population was 51 as of 2010. There is 1 street.

## Geography

Novaya Kirga is located 24 km east of Yanaul (the district's administrative centre) by road. Barabanovka is the nearest rural locality.
# Northern Spirit (Kammerchor)

Northern Spirit is a chamber choir consisting of young singers, the core of which is based in Bremen, Germany. The mission of Northern Spirit is to advocate and present fresh sounds in art music to the highest international artistic standards.
Since its inception Northern Spirit has been a committed promoter of Australian art music in Europe, singing the likes of Stephen Leek, Nigel Butterley, Peter Sculthorpe, Lisa Cheney, Joseph Twist, Lisa Young, Sarah Hopkins, Dan Walker, Michael Bakrnčev, Jaret Choolun, Samantha Wolf, and Clare Maclean. First directed by Australian composer Gordon Hamilton in 2006, the choir has since been directed by Ole Schmitt, and more recently by Anneke Petersen. In 2012 Northern Spirit will be directed by another young Australian composer, Jaret Choolun.
# Sheepleas

Sheepleas is a 99.9-hectare (247-acre) biological and geological Site of Special Scientific Interest east of Guildford in Surrey. It is a Geological Conservation Review site and a Local Nature Reserve. It is owned by Surrey County Council and managed by the Surrey Wildlife Trust.

## History

The sheepleas was a long-standing area sheep grazing area ('lēah' being an Old English term for pasture). In 1915, it was included as one of 284 nature reserves on the Rothschild List. Part of the sheepleas Surrey County Council bought in 1936 and a further area in the 1950s.

## Geography

This sloping site on the North Downs has woodland, scrub and botanically rich grassland. The diverse invertebrate fauna includes two nationally rare flies, Norellia spinipes and Microdon devius. A cutting in Mountain Wood exposes a unique gravel Pleistocene deposit which throws light on the Quaternary history of the Weald and the evolution of the London Basin.
The site is open to the public.
# Sacred Heart Parish (New Britain, Connecticut)

Sacred Heart Parish (Polish: Parafia Najświętszego Serca Pana Jezusa w New Britain) is a Catholic parish designated for Polish immigrants in New Britain, Connecticut.
Founded on August 10, 1894. It is one of the oldest Polish-American Roman Catholic parishes in New England in the Archdiocese of Hartford.

## History

On August 10, 1894, the New Britain Polish Catholic community became a mission of the Archdiocese's oldest Polish Catholic parish, St. Stanislaus Parish, Meriden. The mission phase ended on September 10, 1895, when Fr. Lucyan Bójnowski was appointed pastor in New Britain. Initially, the Polish-born priest's new parish was named St. Casimir the King, but this name was officially changed in 1896 to honor the Sacred Heart. The original Sacred Heart Church, located on Orange St., was dedicated by Bishop Michael Tierney on October 4, 1896.
A new much larger church was designed by architect George P. B. Alderman of Holyoke, MA shortly after the construction of the first church.
# Karimovo, Uchalinsky District, Republic of Bashkortostan

Karimovo (Russian: Каримово; Bashkir: Кәрим, Kärim) is a rural locality (a village) in Ilchigulovsky Selsoviet, Uchalinsky District, Bashkortostan, Russia. The population was 270 as of 2010. There are 5 streets.

## Geography

Karimovo is located 56 km northeast of Uchaly (the district's administrative centre) by road. Altyntash is the nearest rural locality.
# Augusto Torlonia, 3rd Prince of Civitella Cesi

Don Augusto Torlonia (1855–1926), of the House of Torlonia, was an Italian nobleman and third Prince of Civitella-Cesi. Augusto inherited the title from his grandfather's younger brother, Alessandro Torlonia, 2nd Prince of Civitella-Cesi.
Augusto was born in Rome on 20 January 1855 and died in Borgo San Donnino on 17 April 1926. His father was Giulio, 2nd Duke of Poli and Guadagolo, and his mother was Donna Teresa dei Principi Chigi-Albani.
Upon Augusto's death, the title passed to his brother, Marino Torlonia, 4th Prince of Civitella-Cesi.
# Rhododendron simiarum

Rhododendron simiarum, the South China rhododendron, is one of the many species of the genus Rhododendron, which mainly grows in Southern China. The species has also developed a habitat in Hong Kong, being one of the six native species of rhododendrons grown in Hong Kong, commonly found in the slopes of Ma On Shan, and Lantau Island. It is also distributed in Hainan, Guangdong, Guangxi, Hunan, Jiangxi, Fujian, Zhejiang.

## Description

It grows as a bushy shrub or small tree, typically 1–2 m (3.3–6.6 ft), but can be as tall as 3 m (9.8 ft). The bark is grey in color, exfoliating into thin, small, irregular flakes. The young shoots are densely covered with tomentose grey hairs, later becoming hairless. The branchlets are grey tomentose when young, with those more than one year old glabrescent. The flowers bloom from April to early May, having up to 4 to 6 clustered flowers at the top of branches, each funnel-shaped, pink with red spots at first, but turning lighter when fully opened, ranging from white to dark pink.
# Exalofos

Exalofos (Greek: Εξάλοφος) is a community of the Lagkadas municipality. Before the 2011 local government reform it was part of the municipality of Vertiskos, of which it was a municipal district. The 2021 census recorded 573 residents in the community. The community of Exalofos covers an area of 38.097 km$^2$.

## Administrative division

The community of Exalofos consists of two separate settlements (2021 populations):
* Pente Vryses (population 302)
* Polydendri (population 271)
# National Route 153 (Costa Rica)

National Secondary Route 153, or just Route 153 (Spanish: Ruta Nacional Secundaria 153, or Ruta 153) is a National Road Route of Costa Rica, located in the Alajuela province.

## Description

In Alajuela province the route covers Alajuela canton (Alajuela, Río Segundo districts).
# Arif Demirer

Mehmet Arif Demirer (1909 – 10 July 1995) was a Turkish politician of the Democrat Party. He sat as a Member ('Deputy') of the 10th and 11th Grand National Assemblies in the 1950s representing the Afyonkarahisar electoral district. He also represented Turkey in the Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe in 1954–1955.
He served as Minister of Transport in the 4th Menderes government of 1955–1957.
He had graduated from the law faculty of Istanbul University, and later studied economics at universities in Berlin and Munich.
Outside of politics, Demirer served as the General Manager of the Turkish national post and telegraph directorate PTT, and also as the chairman of the national flag carrier, Turkish Airlines, which he had earlier, in his role as the Minister of Transport, restructured and spun out of a public utility into a standalone joint-stock company (Anonim Ortaklığı).
He was one of the passengers in the 1959 Turkish Airlines crash at Gatwick, in which more than half of those onboard died but he survived with injuries.
# 1992 Peruvian embassy attack in Stockholm

The 1992 Peruvian embassy attack in Stockholm was a terrorist attack and assassination attempt carried out by the Shining Path on the Peruvian embassy in the city of Stockholm, Sweden. It unsuccessfully targeted the Peruvian ambassador Gustavo Adolfo Silva Aranda.
The attack was the first of its type, with other Peruvian embassies being targeted in a similar fashion soon after.

## Background

During the internal conflict in Peru, the left-wing terror group Shining Path established foreign branches, such as the Support Committees for the Peruvian Revolution (CARP), who worked overseas to finance the group. By the early 1990s, Peruvian embassies in Europe had become "accustomed to periodically receiving threats" from the group.
Stockholm had become a particular stronghold of the group in Europe as the family of Augusta La Torre, Abimael Guzmán's first wife, had moved there from Peru in the 1980s. Consequently, a pro-Shining Path community cemented itself in the area, being led by a man in his fifties already known to the embassy, described as the eminence grise of the community. Nevertheless, members of La Torre's family had become polarised regarding their relative and the group's activities, with some members bitterly opposing the group and others actively supporting it. The latter began its support when La Torre's brother-in-law, Javier Esparza, contacted Guzmán successfully proposing the establishment of the Ayacucho Studies Circle, a family-run group that organised protests and distributed propaganda flyers, among other activities. Members of the group were arrested in 1986 after painting pro-Shining Path graffiti on the walls of the embassy. La Torre died in 1988, but the family's support for the group continued far beyond her death.

## Attack

The embassy was first painted over with "blood-red" slogans, followed by a shooting and an assassination attempt that targeted ambassador Gustavo Adolfo Silva Aranda. The attempt ultimately failed due to the arrival of the Swedish police to the scene.
After the attack, the same pattern began affecting other Peruvian embassies in Europe, starting with the embassy in London in early August. Embassies in Spain, Belgium, Germany, Sweden, Switzerland, France, Denmark and Mexico (which also had a dog hanged on top of it, similar to an incident that took place in Lima 12 years prior), already used to death threats over the phone, were also being splashed with red paint by the group. The events caused the Peruvian government to increase its spending in security.
An investigation launched by the embassy later revealed that a sister of Abimael Guzmán had been operating in Malmö.
# Jampur railway station

Jampur Railway Station (Urdu: جامپور ریلوے اسٹیشن, Punjabi: جامپور ریلوے اسٹیشن) is located in Pakistan.
# Moni Sar

Moni Sar (Persian: منيصر, also Romanized as Monī Sar; also known as Mane-Sīr, Manīser, Manīsur, and Monīşer) is a village in Gheyzaniyeh Rural District, in the Central District of Ahvaz County, Khuzestan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 140, in 16 families.