OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Château de Bellocq

The ruins of the Château de Bellocq are in the commune of Bellocq in the Pyrénées-Atlantiques département of France.
This Béarnaise fortress from the end of the 13th century consists of an irregular quadrilateral reinforced by seven towers, linked to the fortified house built in 1281. It was remodelled during the 14th century. The castle was burned down by Louis XIII in 1620 to prevent it being used by Protestants.

## History

At the end of the 13th century, Bellocq was at the frontier with English controlled Guyenne. Gaston VII Moncade de Béarn built the castle on the Gave de Pau, the main river access to Béarn, to fortify his territory. Construction took place between 1250 and 1280. From the beginning, the castle was intended to house a large garrison. The simple plan of an irregular quadrilateral without a keep had four round towers, a semicircular tower and two square towers, one of which formed the main entrance. The curtain walls were pierced with cruciform arrow slits.
A year after completion of the castle, Gaston VII built a bastide close by and this, as well as the fortified church of Bellocq, became integral parts of the complex.
In 1370, Gaston Fébus reinforced the castle and built new strong points in order to preserve his territory's independence from the powerful kingdoms of France, England and Navarre.
In 1542, Henri II d'Albret (Henry II of Navarre) repaired the castle, in case of a Spanish invasion. From this date, the kings of Navarre sometimes left their castle at Pau for the country of Bellocq. Jeanne d'Albret stayed there regularly in the 16th century while she took the waters at Salies-de-Béarn.
In 1568, the French king Charles IX sent the baron of Terride to subjugate and govern the Béarn, then largely Protestant. Terride's troops occupied the region and re-established the Catholic hierarchy. The following year, Jeanne d'Albret asked count Gabriel de Montgomery to form an army of resistance - the castle at Bellocq passed into Catholic hands. It resisted a short siege by Montgomery. In 1620, the Béarn Protestants once again gaining power, Louis XIII had the castle burned down to prevent it being of use to them in the future.
From 1620, the castle played no further role in the history of the region and fell into disrepair. In 1925, the ruins were declared a monument historique and in 1997 they were classed as a Monument de France by the French Ministry of Culture.
# Portico Dii Consentes

The Portico Dii Consentes (Latin: Porticus Deorum Consentium; Italian: Portico degli Dei Consenti), also known as the Area of the Dii Consentes or the Harmonious Gods, is an ancient structure located at the bottom of the ancient Roman road that leads up to the Capitol in Rome, Italy. The Clivus Capitolinus ("Capitoline Rise") turned sharply at the head of the Roman Forum where this portico of marble and composite material was discovered and re-erected in 1835.

## History

It was last rebuilt in AD 367 by Vettius Praetextus and was thus the last functioning pagan shrine in the Forum (such shrines had been forbidden by law more than a decade earlier). The Portico contained two distinct floors.The lower floor was constructed by the Emperor Titus alongside the Temple of Vespasian. This lower floor contained 7 rooms upon the ground level which are assumed by modern scholars to be shopfronts. With the completion of the Temple of Vespasian, public access to the Tabularium via the Forum had been blocked off. As a result Domitian built a second level of the portico composed of eight rooms, one of which contained a staircase allowing forum access to the Tabularium. These eight rooms on the second level are presumed to have been clerks offices. Later on Hadrian added on to the portico by adding a colonnade of 13 pillars. Between each of these pillars it is believed that a bronze statue of each of the Dii Consentes stood, overlooking the Roman Forum. The structures proximity to the Temple of Saturn (then a mint) and the Tabularium (a records keeping office) showcase the Dii Consentes importance in monitoring financial and administrative wrongdoing of the Roman Empire.
# Marmylevo

Marmylevo (Russian: Мармылево) is a rural locality (a village) in Zhukovsky Selsoviet, Ufimsky District, Bashkortostan, Russia. The population was 232 as of 2010. There are 6 streets.

## Geography

Marmylevo is located 22 km west of Ufa (the district's administrative centre) by road. Romanovka is the nearest rural locality.
# Fungal tubes

Fungal tubes (pores) are a type of mushroom hymenium structure, distinguishing bolete mushrooms from e.g. lamellar mushrooms.
# Dubyshche

Dubyshche (Ukrainian: Дубище; Polish: Dubiszcze) is a rural settlement in Lutsk Raion, Volyn Oblast, western Ukraine. It is located on the right bank of the Styr, a tributary of the Pripyat, in the drainage basin of the Dnieper. Population: 1,939 (2022 estimate).

## History

Until 26 January 2024, Dubyshche was designated urban-type settlement. On this day, a new law entered into force which abolished this status, and Dubyshche became a rural settlement.

## Economy
### Transportation

The closest railway station is in Rozhyshche, about 3 kilometres (1.9 mi) southwest of the settlement, on a railway connecting Rivne and Kovel. There is intensive passenger traffic.
The settlement has access, via Rozhyshche, to Highway M19 connecting Chernivtsi via Ternopil and Lutsk with Kovel.
# Yisrael HaMithadeshet

Yisrael HaMithadeshet (Hebrew: ישראל המתחדשת, lit. Renewed Israel), formerly known as Aliyah (עלי"ה‎, lit. Immigration but also an acronym for Amenu LiMa'an Yisrael HaMithadeshet (עמנו למען ישראל המתחדשת‎, lit. We People For a Renewed Israel)) is a political party in Israel.

## Background

The party was formed on 23 February 1999 during the 14th Knesset when MKs Michael Nudelman and Yuri Stern, both immigrants from Russia, broke away from Natan Sharansky's Yisrael BaAliyah. Splits had appeared when the party decided to vote against an amendment to the Religious Services Law that blocked Reform and Conservative Jews from Religious Councils, but Nudelman and Stern did not turn up to vote.
After the split, Nudelman initially suggested the party be named Shiluv (Hebrew: שילוב, lit. Integration), but instead Aliyah was chosen. For the 1999 elections the party ran as part of Avigdor Lieberman's Yisrael Beiteinu list, with both Nudelman and Stern retaining their seats.
Aliyah was still in existence as a faction within Yisrael Beiteinu in 2005. In that year Nudelman filed a lawsuit against Yisrael Beiteinu for using five million shekels of funds belonging to Aliyah for municipal election campaigns. Stern remained an MK for the party until his death in 2007; Nudelman defected to Kadima during the 16th Knesset after serving as an independent.
Renamed Yisrael Mithadeshet, the party ran as an independent entity in the 2009 elections with Nudelman as its head, but failed to win any seats.
# Kayleth

Kayleth is a first person adventure video game for the Commodore 64 and the ZX Spectrum that was developed and published by Adventure Soft. The game has cyberpunk, sci fi and photo adventure elements.

## Gameplay

Players must use clues to change their playing methods during the game which involves figuring out an escape from their space cruiser (Kormar) in search for Kayleth.
# Nyzhankovychi

Nyzhankovychi (Ukrainian: Нижанковичі, Polish: Niżankowice) is a rural settlement in Sambir Raion of Lviv Oblast in Ukraine. It is located on the left bank of the Wiar, a right tributary of the San in the drainage basin of the Vistula, directly at the border with Poland. Nyzhankovychi belongs to Dobromyl urban hromada, one of the hromadas of Ukraine. Population: 1,725 (2022 estimate).

## History

Until 18 July 2020, Nyzhankovychi belonged to Staryi Sambir Raion. The raion was abolished in July 2020 as part of the administrative reform of Ukraine, which reduced the number of raions of Lviv Oblast to seven. The area of Staryi Sambir Raion was merged into Sambir Raion.
Until 26 January 2024, Nyzhankovychi was designated urban-type settlement. On this day, a new law entered into force which abolished this status, and Nyzhankovychi became a rural settlement.

## Economy
### Transportation

Nyzhankovychi railway station is on the railway connecting Khyriv and Przemyśl, this is the last station in Ukraine. There is infrequent passenger traffic in the direction of Khyriv; there is no passenger traffic to Poland. Until 1994, the stretch between Nyzhankovychi and Khtriv had a dual gauge, which, in principle, allowed the trains to cross into Poland. After the 1994 reconstruction, only the Ukrainian gauge (1520 mm) remains.
The settlement has road access to Khyriv and from there further to Sambir and Lviv. The roads do not cross to Poland around Nyzhankovychi.
# Exposición Internacional del Centenario

The Argentine Centennial International Exhibition (Spanish: Exposición Internacional del Centenario Argentino) was an exhibition held between May and November 1910 in Buenos Aires, to commemorate the Centennial of the May Revolution in Argentina (the formation of the first local government on May 25, 1810). With a population of around 1.2 million, Buenos Aires was then the largest urban complex in Latin America, the eighth city in the world, and one of the richest. As the capital city and main port of the young Argentine Republic at the height of its economic expansion, the city was growing rapidly with the successive waves of European immigration.

## Summary

A total of 20 pavilions were built specially for the exhibition. A number of young Italian architects, including Virginio Colombo, Francisco Gianotti and Mario Palanti who designed the Italian pavilion, went on to establish successful careers in Buenos Aires working in a number of styles, including Art Nouveau. Their buildings were some of the most important of the 20th century in Buenos Aires and those that remain continue to play a significant role in defining the city's architectural landscape.
Each pavilion feature a different theme, such as:
* Agriculture and Cattle Raising – Organised by the Sociedad Rural Argentina, this was housed in a pavilion within the organisation's house in Palermo. It and contained an exhibition of agricultural activities and products from various parts of the country.
* Industry – This was located on what today is Del Libertador Avenue near El Rosedal, and featured industrial machinery much of which had never been seen before in Argentina. The only major pavilion still standing from any of the expositions is the Postal Service Pavilion from the Industrial Exhibition.
* Railways and Overland Transport – An exhibition of the latest automobiles from Europe, yachts, aeroplanes, railway locomotives, carriages and wagons. The pavilion, designed by Italian architect Virginio Colombo, was located near the Hipódromo de Palermo. It was the most attended exhibition.
* Hygiene - this was located on the Unzué Residence gardens, now occupied by the Argentine National Library.
* Fine Arts - this was located in the "Argentine Pavilion", a steel structure covered in ceramics and multi-coloured glass designed by French architect Albert Ballu for the 1889 Exposition Universelle of Paris, where it stood next to the newly built Eiffel Tower. By 1910 the pavilion had been relocated in Plaza San Martín, opposite the Plaza Hotel. The pavilion would be dismantled in 1933.
In addition there were pavilions for several of the Argentine provinces, including Córdoba, Mendoza, Salta, Jujuy and Tucumán, and for countries including Spain, Italy, Germany, England, Switzerland, Austro-Hungarian Empire and Paraguay. The Art Nouveau style played an important role in the designs of many of the buildings.

## Gallery

* The Argentine Pavilion at the Fine Arts Exhibition
* Railway exhibition pavilion
* Germany pavilion
* Italy pavilion
* Paraguay pavilion
* Argentine post office pavilion
* Balloons race
* Advertising illustration by Adriano Minardi
# Kfar Yavetz

Kfar Yavetz (Hebrew: כְּפַר יַעֲבֵץ, lit. 'Yavetz Village') is a religious moshav in central Israel. Located in the Sharon plain near the Arab city of Tayibe, it falls under the jurisdiction of Lev HaSharon Regional Council. In 2022 it had a population of 661.

## History

The village was founded on 10 April 1932 as a kibbutz. It was named for Rabbi Ze'ev Yavetz, a founder of the Mizrachi movement.
As the kibbutz was situated on the front, opposite the Iraqi army sent as auxiliaries during the 1948 Arab-Israeli War, the inhabitants were evacuated for their safety, and the kibbutz was turned into army base. The residents resettled in Geulei Teiman and the village was rebuilt as a moshav in 1951, incorporating within it new immigrants from Yemen and from central Europe.
Kfar Yavetz is located in the heart of the Triangle, near the Wadi Ara highway.
On 7 July 2003 Mazal Afari, 65, a resident of Kfar Yavetz was killed in her home in a suicide bombing carried out by Islamic Jihad. Afari, a mother of eight, was waiting for her husband and sons to return from synagogue. The terrorist slipped into the house unnoticed and detonated a bomb he was carrying in a bag. Three of her grandchildren were injured in the attack. The house was destroyed in the blast.
# Chess in Slums Africa

Chess in Slums Africa is a non-profit organization dedicated to bringing chess to poor communities. Founded in September 2018 by Tunde Onakoya, the organization aims to use chess as a tool for social change and cognitive development.

## Founding and vision

Chess in Slums Africa was established by Tunde Onakoya after he returned to his home slum in Nigeria. Coming from an economically disadvantaged background himself, Onakoya believed that chess could provide a way out of poverty and societal denigration. The mission of Chess in Slums Africa is to empower, uplift, and educate children in slum communities. The organization believes that every child deserves an equal opportunity to attain a better life, regardless of their background. Chess in Slums Africa operates by going into the trenches of slum areas to teach and coach chess to children.
As of 2024, Chess in Slums Africa has secured lifelong scholarships for over 200 children from indigent homes. The organization has partnered with Chess.com, Lufthansa Airlines and other bodies.
# National Route 406 (Costa Rica)

National Tertiary Route 406, or just Route 406 (Spanish: Ruta Nacional Terciaria 406, or Ruta 406) is a National Road Route of Costa Rica, located in the San José and Cartago provinces.

## Description

In San José province the route covers Desamparados canton (San Cristóbal district).
In Cartago province the route covers Cartago canton (Corralillo district), El Guarco canton (San Isidro district).
# Odesa-Holovna railway station

Odesa-Holovna railway station (Odesa-Main, Ukrainian: Одеса-Головна) is the main train station of Odesa, a city in southern Ukraine. Situated on Odesa railway junction, 9 kilometers from Odesa-Zastava I [uk] station. The original building of the station was opened in 1883. It was damaged in 1944 during the World War II and rebuilt in 1952. The station was electrified in 1972.
The station is located in the city centre of Odesa. In 1982, the building of the station was included on the list of architectural monuments of local significance. In 2018, the Odesa-Holovna railway station was included in the top-10 busiest railway stations in Ukraine, serving 5.5 million long-distance passengers.

## History

On 15 January 1863, a decision on the construction and delegation of state funds to the Odesa — Balta Railway was approved, which would connect the port city on the Black Sea with the central regions of Ukraine. Baron Karl von Ungern-Sternberg was appointed to manage the works, while the general management was delegated to the governor of the region Paul von Kotzebue. In December 1864, it was ordered was to extend the Odesa — Balta line through Kremenchuk to Kharkiv.
Originally, passenger trains arrived to Odesa-Tovarna station, with two special transfer trains organized to the city center. On 3 November 1865, the first train from Odesa to Parkani departed the station.
Due the old station no longer meeting the needs of the city and it being located in an inconvenient for passengers place, a decision was made to build a new station complex. In the summer of 1880, the Southwestern Railway began the construction of the new railway station.
The station was opened in 1883. The author of the project of the station building was the architect Victor Schröter, while the construction was carried out under the direction of the architect Alexander Bernardazzi. The building was constructed in a neoclassical style with Renaissance-Baroque elements. Entrances for 1st and 2nd class passengers were located on Italiiska street, while entrance for the 3rd class was located Starosinna Square. Three arches of the main facade, framed by columns, opened onto the Pryvokzalna square.
During the Second World War, the station building was blown up in the last days of the occupation of Odesa in 1944. The station restoration project was developed at the Kyivgiprotrans Institute, by the architect Leonid Chupryn. The restored station was opened on 12 July 1952.
In 1972, the station was electrified with alternating current (~25 kV)

## Facilities

The station has 6 passenger platforms, a luggage platform, 33 ticket booths, 8 service center booths, 8 suburban ticket booths and 16 hotel rooms. On the first floor of the station located a waiting room for passengers with children.
On 9 December 2021, the Tourist Information Center opened at the Odesa railway station as part of the joint project of "Visit Ukraine" and the State Tourism Development Agency.
# Caucasus Cavalry Division (Russian Empire)

The Caucasus Cavalry Division (Russian: Кавказская кавалерийская дивизия, Kavkazskaya Kavaleriiskaya Diviziya) was a cavalry formation of the Russian Imperial Army.

## Organization
### 1914

* 1st Brigade (Tiflis)
** 16th Dragoon Tver his Imperial Highness the Heir Tsarevich Regiment
** 17th Dragoon Regiment, his Majesty the Nizhny Novgorod
* 2 Brigade (Tiflis)
** 18th Dragoon Seversky King Christian IX the Danish Regiment
** 1-St Sunzhensko-Vladikavkaz General Sleptsova Terek Cossack Army Regiment
Caucasian mountain equestrian Division
* 1-I Horse Mountain battery
* 2-I Horse Mountain battery

### 1917

* 1st Brigade
** 16th Dragoon Regiment in Tver
** 17th Dragoon Regiment of Nizhny Novgorod
* 2nd Brigade
* 18th Dragoon Regiment Severskiy
* 1-St Hopjorskij Regiment of the Kuban Cossack voisko

## Commanders

* 1883–1885: Zakharii Gul'batovich Chavchavadze
* 1885–1893: Ivane Amilakhvari
* 1893–1895: Tutolmin ivan fedorovitch
* 1903–1906: Louis Bonaparte (1864–1932)
* 1910–1915: Claes Charpentier
* 1915–1917: Sergei Belosselsky-Belozersky
* 1917: Anatoli Nazarov
* 1917: Aleksander Karnicki
# Gudas, Ariège

Gudas (French pronunciation:; Occitan: Gudàs) is a commune in the Ariège department in southwestern France.
# Jacques Sauthier

Jacques Sauthier (1905 – 19 April 1985) was a Swiss boxer. He competed in the men's featherweight event at the 1924 Summer Olympics.
# William F. Penn

William Fletcher Penn (January 16, 1871 in New Glasgow, Amherst County, Virginia – May 31, 1934) was a prominent African-American medical doctor in Atlanta, Georgia and a founding member of the Atlanta Chapter of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP).
As a child Penn attended public schools in Lynchburg, Virginia and then Hampton Institute and Virginia Normal and Industrial School (now Virginia State University). He first attended medical school at Leonard Medical School for Blacks (now Shaw University) in Raleigh, North Carolina before being invited to attend Yale Medical School in 1893. He graduated in 1897, the first African-American to do so, as well as the first African-American to head the university yearbook.
In 1898 he met and later married Lula Tompkins, taking her son, Louis T. Wright, as his step-son. Penn had a significant influence on Wright, who also pursued a career in medicine, graduating fourth in his class at Harvard Medical School and serving as the first African-American surgeon on staff at the Harlem Hospital.
Penn was a founding member of the Atlanta chapter of the NAACP in 1917, a national organization for which his stepson Louis would later serve as chairman.
He is mentioned as a speaker at a meeting of city leaders in the aftermath of the Atlanta Race Riot in 1906, and in 1921 at the opening of Joyland, the first amusement park opened for blacks in Atlanta.
# Glottertal

Glottertal is a municipality in the district of Breisgau-Hochschwarzwald in Baden-Württemberg in southern Germany.

## History

From 1567 till the Napoleonic Wars the area was part of Further Austria and therefore part of the Habsburg monarchy. Although the history of mining in the Glottertal goes back to Roman times and villages in the area are mentioned 1112 in the chronics of Abbey of Saint Peter in the Black Forest the municipal Glottertal was formed in 1970. The four former independent villages Unterglottertal, Oberglottertal, Ohrensbach und Föhrental were associated to the Glottertal municipal.

## Points of interest
### Buildings

The 1914 built Carlsbau in Glottertal was the set for the 1980s medical drama television series The Black Forest Clinic. The outside of the building and the surrounding area was filmed while the interior was filmed in a set in Hamburg. The building was used as a clinic till it was closed down in 2004.

## Mining

The first archaeologic artefacts demonstrating iron smelting date back to the Roman time. The mining of silver started in the 11th century. The construction of a 15 kilometer long water channel to supply the mines with water do drive the pumps which was built in 1284 marks the importance of mining in the area. Flooding of the mines during a war period ended this activities at the end of the 12th century. The mining of silver continued on a smaller scale and in the 18th century the mining of iron and baryte was started. The last mines in the area closed before 1900.

## Geography

The town is located in a small valley south east of the Kandel mountain. The valley opens to the west and the water of the small river Glotter reaches the Elz and little later the Rhine.

## Gallery

* Glottertal, townhall
* Glottertal, church: die Sankt Blasius Kirche
* Between Glottertal and Sankt Peter, road panorama
# Eygurande-et-Gardedeuil

Eygurande-et-Gardedeuil (French pronunciation:; Occitan: Eiguranda e Gardadelh) is a commune in the Dordogne department in Nouvelle-Aquitaine in southwestern France.
# Lauzerville

Lauzerville (French pronunciation:; Occitan: Lauservila) is a commune in the Haute-Garonne department in southwestern France. As of 2019, there are 590 dwellings in Lauzerville.

## Population

An outer suburb of Toulouse, its population has been growing rapidly since the 1980s.
# La Quiaca Airport

La Quiaca Airport (Spanish: Aeropuerto La Quiaca, ICAO: SASQ) is a very high elevation airport serving La Quiaca, a town in the Jujuy Province of Argentina. La Quiaca is on the border with Bolivia, across from the Bolivian town of Villazon.
The runway is 5 kilometres (3 mi) south-southeast of La Quiaca, and has an unpaved 585 metres (1,919 ft) overrun on the south end.
The Tarija VOR-DME (Ident: TAR) is located 60.3 nautical miles (112 km) northeast of the airport.