OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Tama (votive)

Tama (Greek: τάμα, pl. τάματα, tamata) are a form of votive offering or ex-voto used in the Eastern Orthodox Church, particularly the Greek Orthodox Church. Tamata are usually small metal plaques, which may be of base or precious metal, usually with an embossed image symbolizing the subject of prayer for which the plaque is offered.

## Ceremony and symbolism

Tamata may be offered to an icon or shrine of a saint as a reminder of a petitioner's particular need, or in gratitude for a prayer answered.
A wide variety of images may be found on tamata, with the images capable of multiple interpretations. A heart may symbolize a prayer for love or a heart problem. Eyes may indicate an eye affliction, hands or legs may indicate maladies of the limbs, a pair of wedding crowns may mean a prayer for a happy marriage, a torso for afflictions of the body, and so forth.
Tamata may be bought in shops selling Greek Orthodox religious items, and then hung with a ribbon on a pole or hooks near an icon or shrine of a saint, the act of which is usually accompanied with a prayer, and sometimes with the lighting of a votive candle. The destinations of pilgrimages often include shrines decorated with many tamata.
One of the most famous Orthodox votive offerings is that by John of Damascus. According to tradition, while he was serving as Vizier to the Caliph, he was falsely accused of treachery and his hand was cut off. Upon praying in front of an icon of the Theotokos his hand was miraculously restored. In thanksgiving, he had a silver replica of his hand fashioned and attached it to the icon. This icon, now called "Trojeručica" (The Three-handed) is preserved at Hilandar Monastery on Mount Athos.
Tamata is also found in Italy, particularly in the South. It may be compared to many forms of Roman Catholic votive offerings, such as the Milagros traditionally used for healing purposes and as votive offerings in the Roman Catholic cultures of Mexico, the southern United States, Latin America, and parts of the Iberian Peninsula.
# Günter Spindler

Günter Spindler (born 19 March 1949) is a German former wrestler who competed in the 1972 Summer Olympics.
# Bagheshlu Mahalleh

Bagheshlu Mahalleh (Persian: باغشلومحله, also Romanized as Bāgheshlū Maḩalleh; also known as Bāghemsheh Maḩalleh and Bāghesh Maḩalleh-ye Ḩavīq) is a village in Haviq Rural District, Haviq District, Talesh County, Gilan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 523, in 110 families.

## Language

Linguistic composition of the village.
Bagheshlu Mahalleh linguistic composition
language
percent
Azerbaijani
100% :
# Ricardo Menéndez (sportsman)

Ricardo Menéndez (born 4 September 1929, date of death unknown) was a Salvadoran sports shooter. He competed in the 50 metre rifle, prone event at the 1968 Summer Olympics.
# The Brambilla Family Go on Holiday

The Brambilla Family Go on Holiday (Italian: La famiglia Brambilla in vacanza) is a 1941 Italian "white-telephones" comedy film directed by Carl Boese and starring Cesco Baseggio, Massimo Girotti and Elena Luber. A middle-class Milanese family go on holiday.

## Cast

* Cesco Baseggio as Ambrogio Brambilla
* Massimo Girotti as Marco Sassoli
* Elena Luber as Nanà Brambilla
* Amelia Chellini as Adalgisa Brambilla
* Paolo Stoppa as Gastone
* Giulio Stival as the tenor Alfredo Martelli
* Vita Bandini as Donna Fausta, the marchesa
* Umberto Cocchi as the night watchman
* Anita Farra as the art connoisseur
* Luigi Garrone as the manager of the garage
* Renato Malavasi as a friend of Marco
* Lina Tartara Minora as Pina, the maid
* Dina Romano as Maria, the concierge
* Giovanna Scotto as Marco's mother
* Liliana Zanardi as a girl at the bar
* Carmela Rossato
* Jole Ferrari
* Toscano Giuntini
# 1975 in fine arts of the Soviet Union

The year 1975 was marked by many events that left an imprint on the history of Soviet and Russian Fine Arts.

## Events

* Exhibition of works by Alexander Samokhvalov (1894–1971) dedicated to 80th Anniversary was opened in the Russian museum.
* "Our Contemporary" Regional Art Exhibition of Leningrad artists was opened in the Russian museum. The participants were Evgenia Antipova, Taisia Afonina, Vsevolod Bazhenov, Irina Baldina, Nikolai Baskakov, Piotr Belousov, Olga Bogaevskaya, Veniamin Borisov, Zlata Bizova, Nikolai Galakhov, Vasily Golubev, Elena Gorokhova, Abram Grushko, Irina Dobrekova, Alexei Eriomin, Mikhail Kaneev, Yuri Khukhrov, Mikhail Kozell, Marina Kozlovskaya, Engels Kozlov, Maya Kopitseva, Boris Korneev, Elena Kostenko, Nikolai Kostrov, Anna Kostrova, Gevork Kotiantz, Vladimir Krantz, Yaroslav Krestovsky, Boris Lavrenko, Oleg Lomakin, Dmitry Maevsky, Gavriil Malish, Evsey Moiseenko, Piotr Nazarov, Vera Nazina, Mikhail Natarevich, Yuri Neprintsev, Samuil Nevelshtein, Dmitry Oboznenko, Sergei Osipov, Vladimir Ovchinnikov, Nikolai Pozdneev, Alexander Pushnin, Galina Rumiantseva, Kapitolina Rumiantseva, Ivan Savenko, Gleb Savinov, Vladimir Sakson, Alexander Samokhvalov, Arseny Semionov, Alexander Semionov, Yuri Shablikin, Boris Shamanov, Alexander Shmidt, Nadezhda Shteinmiller, Elena Skuin, Galina Smirnova, Alexander Stolbov, Victor Teterin, Nikolai Timkov, Leonid Tkachenko, Mikhail Trufanov, Yuri Tulin, Vitaly Tulenev, Ivan Varichev, Anatoli Vasiliev, Igor Veselkin, Valery Vatenin, Lazar Yazgur, Vecheslav Zagonek, and other important Leningrad artists.
* Exhibition of works by Boris Korneev (1922–1974) was opened in the Museum of the Academy of Arts in Leningrad.

## Deaths

* 27 февраля — Oscar Klever (Russian: Клевер Оскар Юльевич), Russian soviet painter, graphic artist, and theatre artist (b. 1887).
* 1 марта — Sofia Zaklikovskaya (Russian: Закликовская Софья Людвиговна), Russian soviet painter and graphic artist (b. 1889).
* 15 марта — Vladimir Avlas (Russian: Авлас Владимир Дмитриевич), Russian soviet painter (b. 1904).
# Gustav Weder

Gustav Weder (born 2 August 1961 in Diepoldsau) is a Swiss bobsledder who competed from the late 1980s to the early 1990s. Competing in three Winter Olympics, he won four medals with two gold (Two-man: 1992, 1994), one silver (Four-man: 1994), and one bronze (Four-man: 1992).
Weder also won eight medals at the FIBT World Championships with four golds (Two-man: 1990, Four-man: 1989, 1990, 1993) and four silvers (Two-man: 1989, 1991, 1993; Four-man: 1991).
He was also a Bobsleigh World Cup champion four times (Combined men's: 1988-9, 1990-1; Two-man: 1988-9, Four-man: 1990-1).
Known for his intensity, Weder would videotape every one of his bobsleigh runs he raced on and study those videos for hours. It was so intense that Weder was caught one night during the FIBT World Championships 1990 in St. Moritz scrapping ice off of a difficult corner on the track. Bobsleigh officials allowed him to compete, and he won his second world championship in the four-man Event.
After studies in Switzerland and Canada, Weder finished his education with a PhD with Arnd Krüger in Social Sciences at the University of Göttingen. He has been working in Human Resources for major Swiss companies.
# Kouklia, Famagusta

Kouklia (Greek: Κούκλια, Turkish: Köprülü) is a village in the Famagusta District of Cyprus, located 5 km east of Lysi. It is under the de facto control of Northern Cyprus.
# Moires

Moires (Greek: Μοίρες, "Fates") is a town and a former municipality in the Heraklion regional unit, Crete, Greece. Since the 2011 local government reform it is part of the municipality Faistos, of which it is a municipal unit. The municipal unit has an area of 181.885 km$^2$ (70.226 sq mi) and a population of 11,399 people (about 6,900 for the town itself). The weekly market of the agricultural town of Moires is the largest in the region. In the early Middle Ages it was the home of Christian hermits, who allegedly met only once a year to worship at the chapel of Agios Andonis, built in the 14th or 15th century.

## Subdivisions

The municipal unit of Moires is divided into the following communities:
* Moires
* Alithini
* Antiskari
* Galia
* Kastelli
* Kouses
* Peri
* Petrokefali
* Pigaidakia (including Kaloi Limenes)
* Pompia
* Roufas
* Skourvoula

## Population

| Year | Pop. | ±% |
| 1900 | 240 | — |
| 1928 | 553 | +130.4% |
| 1940 | 1,093 | +97.6% |
| 1951 | 1,674 | +53.2% |
| 1961 | 2,195 | +31.1% |
| 1971 | 2,948 | +34.3% |
| Year | Pop. | ±% |
| 1981 | 3,501 | +18.8% |
| 1991 | 4,571 | +30.6% |
| 2001 | 6,026 | +31.8% |
| 2011 | 6,496 | +7.8% |
| 2021 | 6,869 | +5.7% |
Source: Population censuses :

## Climate

Moires has a mild climate throughout the year with mild winters and hot summers. The climate is generally dry with an average annual precipitation of 445 mm. According to the National Observatory of Athens maximum temperatures in the winter remain over 16 °C while in the summer they are close to 35 °C.
Climate data for Moires (2010–2019) :
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 16.0 (60.8) | 17.2 (63.0) | 19.2 (66.6) | 23.0 (73.4) | 26.7 (80.1) | 31.3 (88.3) | 34.5 (94.1) | 34.6 (94.3) | 30.9 (87.6) | 26.2 (79.2) | 22.1 (71.8) | 17.7 (63.9) | 25.0 (76.9) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 6.2 (43.2) | 6.9 (44.4) | 8.0 (46.4) | 10.5 (50.9) | 14.4 (57.9) | 18.5 (65.3) | 20.8 (69.4) | 21.0 (69.8) | 18.1 (64.6) | 14.9 (58.8) | 11.3 (52.3) | 7.4 (45.3) | 13.2 (55.7) |
| Average rainfall mm (inches) | 106.0 (4.17) | 80.0 (3.15) | 45.0 (1.77) | 17.0 (0.67) | 8.0 (0.31) | 2.0 (0.08) | 0.0 (0.0) | 1.0 (0.04) | 8.0 (0.31) | 38.0 (1.50) | 52.0 (2.05) | 88.0 (3.46) | 445 (17.51) |
| Source: National Observatory of Athens ||||||||||||||
# Alexandro-Nevsky District

Alexandro-Nevsky District (Russian: Алекса́ндро-Не́вский райо́н) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the 25 in Ryazan Oblast, Russia. It is located in the south of the oblast. The area of the district is 833 square kilometers (322 sq mi). Its administrative center is the urban locality (a work settlement) of Alexandro-Nevsky. Population: 11,818 (2010 Census); 13,071 (2002 Census); 13,547 (1989 Soviet census). The population of the administrative center accounts for 34.0% of the district's total population.

## History

Until June 18, 2012, the district was called Novoderevensky (Новодеревенский).

## Notable residents

* Sergey Bizyukin (born 1982), activist, journalist and historian
* Fyodor Shebanov (1921–1951), Soviet flying ace during the Korean War, born in the village of Studenki
# S. Thandayuthapani

Singaravelu Thandayuthapani (Tamil: சிங்காரவேலு தண்டாயுதபாணி; born 7 August 1950) is a Sri Lankan Tamil teacher, civil servant, politician and provincial minister.

## Early life

Thandayuthapani was born on 7 August 1950 and educated at R. K. M. Sri Koneswara Vidyalayam. He graduated with a degree in economics before training to be a teacher at Palali Guru Vidyalayam.

## Career

Thandayuthapani was a school principal before becoming a Director of Education and Additional Director of Education. He served as Secretary to the Ministry of Lands, Land Development, Education and Culture (Eastern Province) between 2010 and 2011.
Thandayuthapani contested the 2012 provincial council election as one of the Tamil National Alliance's candidates in Trincomalee District and was elected to the Eastern Provincial Council (EPC). On 28 September 2012 the TNA leadership unanimously selected Thandayuthapani to be the Leader of the Opposition on the EPC. Thandayuthapani and the other newly elected TNA provincial councillors took their oaths on 28 September 2012 in front of TNA leader and Member of Parliament R. Sampanthan.
Following the 2015 presidential election an all party provincial government was formed in the Eastern Province. Thandayuthapani took his oath as Minister of Education in front of Governor Austin Fernando on 3 March 2015.
# East Challow

East Challow is a village and civil parish about 1 mile (1.6 km) west of Wantage in the Vale of White Horse, England. Historically it was part of the ecclesiastical parish of Letcombe Regis, but since 1852 East and West Challow have formed their own single ecclesiastical parish. The civil parish was part of Berkshire until the 1974 boundary changes transferred the Vale of White Horse to Oxfordshire.

## Etymology

The place-name Challow is first attested in a charter from 947 (though the earliest surviving copy of the charter is from the 12th century), in the Old English phrase "to Ceawan Hlewe", which can be translated as "to Ceawa's burial mound", where Ceawa is a personal name attested only here and in the place-name Chawridge.$^{:4}$ The name appears as Ceveslane (considered to be a mis-spelling of Ceveslaue) in the Domesday Book of 1086. Thirteenth-century variants included Chaulea, Chaulauhe, Chawelawe and Shawelawe.
The "East" element in the name, added to distinguish East Challow from West Challow, is first found in 1284 (in the form Est Challowe).

## Church and mission
### Church of England

The Church of England parish church of St Nicolas was a-12th century Norman building, but the font and some masonry of the nave are now almost the only original features that survive. In the 13th century the chancel and chancel arch were rebuilt, and the bell-cot and three-bay north aisle were added. The Decorated Gothic south chapel was added early in the 14th century. The communion table was made in the 17th century. In the 18th century the aisle was rebuilt in brick, and a porch was added over a 12th-century doorway.
In 1858 St. Nicolas' was drastically restored, with the aisle and west front rebuilt and the nave re-roofed. The rebuilding of the west front removed a 12th-century west doorway and a 15th-century west window above it. In 1884 the low tower was added at the west end of the aisle. The oak rood screen was added in 1905. The church is a Grade II* listed building. St. Nicolas' has two bells, which are not dated, but the smaller was cast by Robert Wells of Aldbourne, Wiltshire, which makes it very likely to be 18th-century.

### The Mission

The Mission is a Free Church that was built in 1904.

## Transport

East Challow village is on both sides of the A417 road, on its section from Wantage to Faringdon.
The Wilts & Berks Canal was built east–west across the parish and opened in 1810, to convey Somerset coal through Wiltshire and Berkshire to the Thames. The canal fell into disuse and was abandoned in 1914, but work to restore it has been in progress since the 1970s. Parts of its route are now footpaths, and there is a narrow strip of overgrown land between Canal Way and Canal Farm Lane.

## Amenities

East Challow has a public house, the Goodlake Arms, that was once controlled by Morland Brewery. Vicarage Hill, the village cricket ground, hosts some home matches of the Oxfordshire County Cricket Club.
# Flannán

Flannán mac Toirrdelbaig (Latin: Flannanus; fl. 640) was an Irish saint who lived in the 7th century and was the son of an Irish chieftain, Toirdhealbhach of Dál gCais. He entered Mo Lua's monastery at Killaloe, where it is believed he became an Abbot. He is remembered as a great preacher. He made a pilgrimage to Rome where Pope John IV consecrated him as the first Bishop of Killaloe, of which he is the Patron Saint. He also preached in the Hebrides. His feast day is 18 December.
# Viktor Uan

Viktor Vladimirovich Uan (Russian: Виктор Владимирович Уан; born 19 August 1994) is a Russian former football player.

## Club career

He made his debut in the Russian Second Division for FC Irtysh Omsk on 25 April 2013 in a game against FC Yakutiya Yakutsk.
He made his Russian Football National League debut for FC Fakel Voronezh on 12 March 2016 in a game against FC Tyumen.
# De Modderige Bol, Goëngahuizen

De Modderige Bol is a Hollow Post mill in Goëngahuizen, Friesland, Netherlands which has been restored to working order. The mill is listed as a Rijksmonument, number 34001.

## History

The date that De Modderige Bol was built is unknown. The earliest record is its appearance on a map dated 1848. Until 1952, the mill drained the polder Adamse, which had an area of 150 pondemaat (55 ha; 140 acres). The mill was restored in 1954 and 1969. A further restoration was undertaken in 1978 by millwrights Bouwbedrijf Van Zuiden of Tjerkwerd. On 9 November 1978, the mill was sold to Stichting De Fryske Mole (English: Frisian Mills Foundation). The mill was restored again in 1992–93.

## Description

De Modderige Bol is what the Dutch describe as an spinnenkop -. It is a hollow post mill on a single storey square roundhouse. The mill is winded by tailpole and winch. The roundhouse is clad in pantiles and mill body is covered in vertical boards, while the roof of the mill is boarded and covered in felt. The sails are Common sails. They have a span of 11.90 metres (39 ft 1 in). The sails are carried on a wooden windshaft. The windshaft also carries the brake wheel which has 43 cogs. This drives the wallower (21 cogs) at the top of the upright shaft. At the bottom of the upright shaft, the crown wheel, which has 31 cogs drives a gearwheel with 30 cogs on the axle of the Archimedes' screw. The axle of the Archimedes' screw is 250 millimetres (9¾ inches) diameter. The screw is 750 millimetres (2 ft 6 in) diameter and 3.40 metres (11 ft 2 in) long. It is inclined at 24°. Each revolution of the screw lifts 106 litres (23 imp gal) of water.

## Public access

De Modderige Bol is open by appointment.
# ECCC

ECCC may refer to:
* East Central Community College, a junior college in Decatur, Mississippi, USA
* Eastern Collegiate Cycling Conference, a college-level bicycle-racing association in the eastern USA
* Electronic Colloquium on Computational Complexity, an electronic archive of computer science papers
* Electronic Commerce Council of Canada, the former name of GS1 Canada, a trade association
* Emerald City Comic Con, an annual comic book and pop culture convention held annually in Seattle, Washington, USA.
* Environment and Climate Change Canada, a department of the Government of Canada
* Essex County Cricket Club, a club for the sport of cricket in Essex, England
* European Club Cup of Champions, a table tennis competition
* European Champion Clubs Cup (athletics), an athletics competition
* European Chess Club Cup, a team chess tournament
* European Cybersecurity Competence Centre, an agency of the European Union
* Evangelical Christian Church in Canada, the Canadian branch of Evangelical Christianity
* Extraordinary Chambers in the Courts of Cambodia, better known as the Khmer Rouge Tribunal
* Taiwan–Hong Kong Economic and Cultural Co-operation Council
# Toreulia runtunana

Toreulia runtunana is a species of moth of the family Tortricidae. It is found in Tungurahua Province, Ecuador.
The wingspan is about 28.5 mm.

## Etymology

The species name refers to Runtun, the type locality.
# Plaukiai

Plaukiai (formerly Russian: Плавки, Polish: Pławki) is a village in Kėdainiai district municipality, in Kaunas County, in central Lithuania. According to the 2011 census, the village had a population of 4 people. It is located 3 kilometres (1.9 mi) from Barkūniškis, by the Vinkšnupis rivulet. An ancient cemetery place is located in the village (culture heritage object).

## Demography

| Year | Pop. | ±% p.a. |
| 1902 | 149 | — |
| 1923 | 127 | −0.76% |
| 1959 | 115 | −0.28% |
| 1970 | 92 | −2.01% |
| Year | Pop. | ±% p.a. |
| 1979 | 45 | −7.64% |
| 1989 | 4 | −21.50% |
| 2001 | 6 | +3.44% |
| 2011 | 4 | −3.97% |
Source: 1902, 1923, 1959 & 1970, 1979, 1989, 2001, 2011 :
# Elisha Southwick

Elisha Southwick was a tanner and shoe manufacturer born in Quaker City in the town of Uxbridge, Massachusetts on April 4, 1809 to Phebe and Royal Southwick. He married Delia Purinton on January 13, 1835, and they had five children: Turner, Selvin, Annie, Marianna, and Freeman. Elisha Southwick died in Sturbridge, Massachusetts on February 6, 1875.

## Family

Elisha Southwick was a direct descendant of Lawrence Southwick and Cassandra Southwick who, because of their Quaker beliefs, were banished from Salem, Massachusetts by the Puritans in 1659.
Elisha Southwick's father, Royal, was a tanner and a preacher of the Society of Friends or Quakers. His brother Royal Southwick was a successful businessman in Lowell, Massachusetts, and a prominent member of the Whig Party. His brother Jonathan F. ran a tanning and currying business in Ironstone, Massachusetts (South Uxbridge). His brother James was a wool puller. Elisha's other siblings were Farnum, Lydia, Phebe, and Urana.

## Elisha Southwick's home

The Elisha Southwick House is located in Chocolog Village (also known as Ironstone, Massachusetts or South Uxbridge) at 255 Chocolog Road. This wooden clapboard house was built between 1820 and 1830 and was occupied by Elisha Southwick by 1855. Elisha and his brother Jonathan had rebuilt the Ironstone Mill after it burnt to the ground the first time. They produced the cloth to produce Kentucky jeans. During this time, Elisha was also producing a wagon each month and handling some smaller side jobs like carts, too. The brothers also ran a tannery and Jonathan operated a brick yard, too, off River Road in the Ironstone Village.
By the 1870s, David L. Southwick was living in the home . He was a farmer and a blacksmith. He produced Conestoga Wagon wheels, which the pioneers used to travel westward in during the late 1800s. The family burial ground, which might be the oldest in Uxbridge, lies between this home and George Southwick's home.
The Elisha Southwick House is on the US National Register of Historic Places. The town of Uxbridge has 60 buildings which are on the national register of historic places. The town has more than 250 buildings which are listed on the Massachusetts state registry of historic places.
# Alfred Streun

Alfred Streun (June 17, 1925 – November 26, 2019) was a Swiss ice hockey player who competed for the Swiss national team at the 1952 Winter Olympics.
# Shirin Daraq

Shirin Daraq (Persian: شيرين درق, also Romanized as Shīrīn Daraq) is a village in Owch Hacha Rural District, in the Central District of Ahar County, East Azerbaijan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 165, in 34 families.
# Old District Office North

22°26′45″N 114°10′14″E﻿ / ﻿22.445706°N 114.170622°E﻿ / 22.445706; 114.170622
The Old District Office North, or the Law Ting Pong Scout Centre, is a building located at 20 Wan Tau Kok Lane, Tai Po in the New Territories of Hong Kong, near the Old Tai Po Police Station.
The building was the headquarter of the colonial District Office of the whole New Territories. Since the 1920s, it only administrative the northern part of the New Territories, as the District Office South was established.

## History

The Old District Office North was built around 1907 and was the earliest seat of the colonial civil administration of the New Territories. Administration and land registration of the northern part of the New Territories were carried out in this building. The building still housed a magistrate's court until 1961.

## Conservation

The building was declared a monument on 13 November 1981. It is now used by the New Territories Eastern Region Headquarters of The Scout Association of Hong Kong.
# Edwin van Calker

Edwin van Calker (born 14 June 1979 in Gasselternijveenschemond, Drenthe) is a Dutch bobsledder who has competed since 2001. His best Bobsleigh World Cup finish was third in the two-man event at St. Moritz in January 2010.
Van Calker's best finish at the FIBT World Championships was 14th in the two-man event at St. Moritz in 2007.
At the 2010 Winter Olympics in Vancouver, van Calker finished 14th in the two-man event while withdrawing from the four-man event over safety concerns at the Whistler Sliding Centre.
Prior to his bobsledding career, he competed in sprinting and hurdling events: at the 1995 European Youth Olympic Days he was fourth in the 110 metres hurdles and a bronze medallist in the 4×100 metres relay.