OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Gene regulatory circuit

Genetic regulatory circuits (also referred to as transcriptional regulatory circuits) is a concept that evolved from the Operon Model discovered by François Jacob and Jacques Monod. They are functional clusters of genes that impact each other's expression through inducible transcription factors and cis-regulatory elements.
Genetic regulatory circuits are analogous in many ways to electronic circuits in how they use signal inputs and outputs to determine gene regulation. Like electronic circuits, their organization determines their efficiency, and this has been demonstrated in circuits working in series to have a greater sensitivity of gene regulation. They also use inputs such as trans and cis sequence regulators of genes, and outputs such as gene expression level. Depending on the type of circuit, they respond constantly to outside signals, such as sugars and hormone levels, that determine how the circuit will return to its fixed point or periodic equilibrium state. Genetic regulatory circuits also have an ability to be evolutionarily rewired without the loss of the original transcriptional output level. This rewiring is defined by the change in regulatory-target gene interactions, while there is still conservation of regulatory factors and target genes.

## In-silico application

These circuits can be modelled in silico to predict the dynamics of a genetic system. Having constructed a computational model of the natural circuit of interest, one can use the model to make testable predictions about circuit performance. When designing a synthetic circuit for a specific engineering task, a model is useful for identifying necessary connections and parameter operating regimes that give rise to a desired functional output. Similarly, when studying a natural circuit, one can use the model to identify the parts or parameter values necessary for a desired biological outcome. In other words, computational modelling and experimental synthetic perturbations can be used to probe biological circuits. However, the structure of the circuits have shown to not be a reliable indicator of the function that the regulatory circuit provides for the larger cellular regulatory network.

## Engineering and synthetic biology

Understanding of genetic regulatory circuits are key in the field of synthetic biology, where disparate genetic elements are combined to produce novel biological functions. These biological gene circuits can be used synthetically to act as physical models for studying regulatory function.
By engineering genetic regulatory circuits, cells can be modified to take information from their environment, such as nutrient availability and developmental signals, and react in accordance to changes in their surroundings . In plant synthetic biology, genetic regulatory circuits can be used to program traits to increase crop plant efficiency by increasing their robustness to environmental stressors. Additionally, they are used to produce biopharmaceuticals for medical intervention.
# Aliaksandr Vashchyla

Aliaksandr Vashchyla (Belarusian: Аляксандар Вашчыла; born 30 August 1981) is a male hammer thrower from Belarus, who is best known for winning the gold medal at the 2007 Summer Universiade. He set his personal best (80.12 metres) in the hammer throw event on 7 June 2008 in Minsk.

## Achievements

| Year | Competition | Venue | Position | Notes |
| Representing Belarus |||||
| 2001 | European U23 Championships | Amsterdam, Netherlands | 10th | 67.53 m |
| 2003 | European U23 Championships | Bydgoszcz, Poland | 3rd | 71.91 m |
| 2007 | Universiade | Bangkok, Thailand | 1st | 76.94 m |
# Novotumbagushevo

Novotumbagushevo (Russian: Новотумбагушево; Bashkir: Яңы Томбағош, Yañı Tombağoş) is a rural locality (a village) in Starotumbagushevsky Selsoviet, Sharansky District, Bashkortostan, Russia. The population was 136 as of 2010. There is 1 street.

## Geography

Novotumbagushevo is located 10 km north of Sharan (the district's administrative centre) by road. Starotumbagushevo is the nearest rural locality.
# Raukhivka

Raukhivka (Ukrainian: Раухівка; Russian: Рауховка) is a rural settlement in Berezivka Raion of Odesa Oblast in Ukraine. It is located in the steppe approximately 5 kilometres (3.1 mi) southwest of the city of Berezivka. Raukhivka hosts the administration of Raukhivka settlement hromada, one of the hromadas of Ukraine. Population: 2,626 (2022 estimate)
Until 26 January 2024, Raukhivka was designated urban-type settlement. On this day, a new law entered into force which abolished this status, and Raukhivka became a rural settlement.

## Economy
### Transportation

Raukhivka railway station is on the railway connecting Odesa via Berezivka with Tokarivka and further with Mykolaiv and Kropyvnytskyi. There is some passenger traffic.
The settlement has road access to Odesa and Voznesensk, as well as to Highway M05 connecting Kyiv and Odesa.
# A Doctor's Visit

"A Doctor's Visit" (Russian: Случай из практики, romanized: Sluchai iz praktiki) is an 1898 short story by Anton Chekhov, also translated as "A Case History".

## Publication

The story was written in Yalta and had been completed by 11 November 1898. It was on this day that Chekhov informed his doctor friend I.I. Orlov in a letter: "By way of dealing with rain and bad weather sat down and wrote a story." On 14 November "A Doctor's Visit" was sent to Russkaya Mysl and was published in this magazine's No.12, December 1898 issue. With some minor edits Chekhov included it into Volume 9 of the Collected Works by A.P. Chekhov, published by Adolf Marks in 1899-1901.

## Plot summary

Korolyov, a young doctor, visits the house of Lyalikov, a recently deceased factory owner, to attend to the heiress, twenty-year old Liza, who has heart problems. The factory looks threatening, and Korolyov begins to construct a picture of it in his mind as the Devil's abode. He can't help but think of the unspeakable suffering that lurks behind these dark walls. The owners' house, surrounded by workshops and apparently run by the governess, looks equally unpleasant to him.
Korolyov finds nothing serious with Liza, her tachyarrhythmia caused, apparently, by anxiety, related to the feelings similar to those he himself has been overpowered with. Speaking of how lonely, lost and scared she is in this place, she mentions seeing 'the Devil where there is none', then bursts into crying. Korolyov is tempted to tell Liza that she'd better break free from this horrid place, but does not know how to. Yet the two seem to develop a kind of inner understanding. The next day she comes out of the house dressed in white, to see him off. She looks as if she wants to tell him something important, but does not know how to. Korolyov departs, leaving all of his dark thoughts behind, feeling inexplicably, almost happy.

### Quote

"One is shy of asking men under sentence what they have been sentenced for; and in the same way it is awkward to ask very rich people what they want so much money for, why they make such a poor use of their wealth, why they don't give it up, even when they see in it their unhappiness; and if they begin a conversation about it themselves, it is usually embarrassing, awkward, and long. 'How is one to say it?' Korolyov wondered. 'And is it necessary to speak?' "

## Critical reception

The story was lauded by Ivan Gorbunov-Posadov (in a private, 24 January 1899 letter), Alexander Skabichevsky in Syn Otechestva and Angel Bogdanovich in Mir Bozhy, the latter two praising the narrative for being highly 'informative'. I. Johnson (the pseudonym of I.V. Ivanov) saw the story as marking the process of Chekhov's swift transformation from "the recent cool observer into a man with an aching, suffering heart."
# Citizen's Popular Rally

The Citizen's Popular Rally (French: Rassemblement Populaire des Citoyens) was a political party in Burkina Faso. In the 2007 parliamentary elections the party won one of the 111 seats in the National Assembly
* This article about a Burkinabè political party is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
# The Mustard Grain

The Mustard Grain (Spanish: El grano de mostaza) is a 1962 Spanish comedy film directed and written by José Luis Sáenz de Heredia. It stars Manolo Gómez Bur, Rafael Alonso, Amparo Soler Leal, Gracita Morales and José Bódalo.

## Plot

The storyline features a game of dominoes that results in an argument between Evelio and Horcajo and a challenge that could be deadly. As the game progresses, much effort is exerted to avoid that outcome over the course of 24 hours.

## Cast

* Manolo Gómez Bur as Evelio
* Rafael Alonso as Leoncio Toledano
* Amparo Soler Leal as Matilde, mujer de Leoncio
* Gracita Morales as Mujer de Evelio
* José Bódalo as Horcajo
* Rafaela Aparicio
* Mariano Azaña
* Juan Cortés
* Margot Cottens
* Eulália del Pino
* Beni Deus
* Adriano Domínguez
* Antonio Garisa
* Agustín González
* Rafael Hernández as Empleado gasolinera
* Fuensanta Lorente
* Rafael López Somoza
* Jesús Morris
* Paco Morán
* Adrián Ortega
* Erasmo Pascual as Guardacoches
* Encarna Paso
* Francisco Piquer
* Gustavo Re
* José Riesgo
* Pablo Sanz [es]
* Salvador Soler Marí
* José María Tasso
* Valentín Tornos

## Production

The film is a Tarfe and AS production, and it was scored by Juan Quintero. Shooting locations included Madrid.

## Release

The film premiered at the Madrid's Cine Capitol [es] on 30 August 1962.

## Reception

Bernard P. E Bentley deemed the film to be "a showcase for its large cast". In the view of Jordi Costa [es], it is one of the Spanish cinema's great jewels to be discovered. Joaquín de Luna considered the film to be a "little-known" instance of Hispanic costumbrismo featuring the "refreshing" intervention of Gracita Morales. According to Jordi Batlle Caminal the film belongs to the "insubstantial" subset of films within Sáenz de Heredia's filmography.
It won a film prize.
# National Route 242 (Argentina)

National Route 242 (Spanish: Ruta Nacional 242) is a paved highway located in the Picunches Department in the Argentine province of Neuquén. Along its 60 km (37 mi) route, it joins National Route 40 in the vicinity of the town of Las Lajas with the Pino Hachado Pass, at 1,864 m (6,115 ft) above sea level, on the border with Chile. Until 2004, this section belonged to National Route 22. The route continues in Chile as Route CH-181.

## Old Route

National Route 242 was included in the original national route plan of 3 September 1935. It began to be built in 1951 and finished in 1953 with its 492 km (306 mi) of gravel, this route passed through the towns of General Roca, Chasicó, Ingeniero Jacobacci and Ñorquincó in the Río Negro Province.
On 23 June 1969, the Paso Córdoba reinforced concrete bridge over the Río Negro was opened to traffic, with a length of 534 m (1,752 ft), being the longest spanning said river. Before the inauguration, of the bridge there was a raft service that had been operating since the end of 1908, being completely renovated and reopened on 4 September 2006.
Through National Decree 1595 of 1979, this road passed into provincial jurisdiction, for which the name was changed to Provincial Route 6.
# Tutesk

Tutesk (Persian: توتسك, also Romanized as Tūtesk and Tūtisk; also known as Tutsak) is a village in Arabkhaneh Rural District, Shusef District, Nehbandan County, South Khorasan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 148, in 43 families.
# Paillet

Paillet (French pronunciation:; Occitan: Palhet) is a commune in the Gironde department in Nouvelle-Aquitaine in southwestern France.
# Faisalabad–Jaranwala Road

Faisalabad–Jaranwala Road (Punjabi, Urdu: فیصل آباد– جڑانوالہ سڑک ), also known locally as Jaranwala Road is a provincially maintained road in Punjab that extends from Faisalabad to Jaranwala.
Nowadays in 2020 Road is in very bad condition for driving.

## Salient features

Length: 36 km
Lanes: 4 lanes
Speed limit: Universal minimum speed limit of 60 km/h and a maximum speed limit of 80 km/h for heavy transport vehicles and 100 km/h for light transport vehicles.

## Main Bus stops

* Dhudiwala
* Makuana
* Muhammad Wala
* Sain Di Khui
* 109 Phatak
* Awagat
# Marvi railway station

Marvi Railway Station (Urdu: ماروی ریلوے اسٹیشن, is the eastern terminus of the Hyderabad–Khokhrapar Branch Line. It is situated 8 km (5.0 mi) east of Khokhrapar, Sindh and lies on the Pakistan–India border. The station was constructed in February 2006 when Mirpur Khas–Munabao 1,000 mm (3 ft 3+3⁄8 in) railway was converted to the present day 1,676 mm (5 ft 6 in). The station is used for immigration and customs of passengers who travel on the Thar Express between Pakistan and India.

## History

In 2019, it was renamed as Marvi railway station.

## Services

| Preceding station | Pakistan Railways | Pakistan Railways | Pakistan Railways | Following station |
| Karachi CantonmentTerminus | | Thar Express | | Terminus |
# Dakkhina Stupa

Dakkhina Stupa (Sinhala: දක්ඛිණ ස්තුපය, lit. 'Dakkhiṇa Stupaya', Tamil: தக்கின தூபி, lit. 'Dakkhiṇa Thupa') is a 2nd-century BC large brick Stupa in Anuradhapura, Sri Lanka. Earlier thought to be a monument of King Elara, it was later identified as the Stupa of ancient Dakini (Dakkhina) Vihara by Senarath Paranavithana with the help of a Brahmi inscription of the 3rd century A.D. unearthed from the ground between the southern and western Vahalkadas of the Stupa.
This structure was for centuries locally known as the tomb stone of king Ellalan, known as Elara Sohona, which was worshipped by Tamils and Sinhalese. However, after this monument was identified as the Dakkhina Stupa, Paranavitana pointed out that this site could mark the cremation ground of King Dutugamunu (161 BC – 137 BC). Although, some did not agree with this identification some are in the opinion that this Stupa may have been built over the cremation site of King Dutugemunu.

## History

According to the legends this site was known as the Pulila terrace as there was a growing Pulila tree at that time period and the thero, Mihindu had requested from the King Devanampiya Tissa (307 BC – 267 BC) to cremate his remains here. The legend further states that the remains of King Dutugamunu were also cremated in this terrace. It is said that this Stupa was constructed and named as Dhakkina thupa by a minister during the reign of King Valagamba (103 BCE and c. 89–77 BCE).
The structure was popularly known as Elara Sohona, the tomb of 2nd century BCE king Chola Tamil king Ellalan (c. 205 – c. 161 BC), who invaded Sri Lanka and ruled the Anuradhapura Kingdom for over 40 years. It was popularly believed that King Dutugemunu had built this for King Ellalan, after defeating him in battle. But in the mid-19th centuries James Fergusson a Scottish architect and writer who studied History of Indian and Eastern Architecture, had mentioned (1876) this structure could not be the Elara's tomb.
# Birch Point Provincial Park

Birch Point Provincial Park is a provincial park located on Buffalo Bay, Lake of the Woods in Manitoba, Canada., about 160 kilometres (99 mi) southeast of Winnipeg. It is 13.1 hectares (0.051 sq mi) in size. It was designated as a Provincial Park in 1961.

## Natural environment

The park is located in the Whitemouth eco-district within the Lake of the Woods ecoregion. This eco-region is part of the Boreal Shield Ecozone.
The most recent glaciation and post-glacial Lake Agassiz deposited layers of glacial till across the area. Outcrops of bedrock are common.
Black spruce and tamarack are found in poorly drained places, particularly those with peat soil. Mixed forests in the drier areas include jack pine, trembling aspen, paper birch, white spruce, eastern white cedar, black ash, white elm, red pine and eastern white pine.
# Breže, Ribnica

Breže (pronounced; German: Friesach) is a settlement in the Municipality of Ribnica in southern Slovenia. The area is part of the traditional region of Lower Carniola and is now included in the Southeast Slovenia Statistical Region.

## Name

Breže was attested in written sources as Vreisach in 1220 and Friesach in 1405, among other spellings.
# IV Cavalry Corps (German Empire)

The IV Cavalry Corps (German: Höhere Kavallerie-Kommando 4 / HKK 4 literally: Higher Cavalry Command 4) was a formation of the German Army in World War I. The corps was formed on mobilization of the German Army in August 1914 and dissolved in January 1915 as the onset of trench warfare negated the requirement for large cavalry formations. It was commanded throughout its existence by General der Kavallerie Gustav Freiherr von Hollen.

## Combat chronicle

Initially on the Western Front with 3rd and 6th Cavalry Divisions preceding 4th and 5th Armies. Transferred to the East on 14 November 1914. Dissolved January 1915.

## Order of Battle on mobilisation

Initially, the Corps simply consisted of 2 Cavalry Divisions (with 2 Jäger battalions attached) without any Corps troops; in supply and administration matters, the Cavalry Divisions were entirely autonomous. The commander was only concerned with tactics and strategy, hence his title of Senior Cavalry Commander Höherer Kavallerie-Kommandeur.
On formation in August 1914, the Corps consisted of:
* 3rd Cavalry Division
* 6th Cavalry Division
* 5th Jäger Battalion
* 6th Jäger Battalion
Each cavalry division consisted of 3 cavalry brigades (6 regiments each of 4 squadrons), a horse artillery battalion Abteilung (3 four-gun batteries), a machine gun detachment (company size, 6 MGs), plus pioneers, signals and a motor vehicle column. A more detailed Table of Organisation and Equipment can be seen here. The Jäger battalions each consisted of 4 light infantry companies, 1 machine gun company (6 MGs), 1 cyclist company and a motorised vehicle column.

## Commanders

IV Cavalry Corps was commanded throughout its existence by General der Kavallerie Gustav Freiherr von Hollen.
# List of county magistrates of Hualien

The magistrate of Hualien is the chief executive of the government of Hualien County in Taiwan. This list includes directly elected magistrates of the county. The incumbent Magistrate of the county is Hsu Chen-wei of Kuomintang since 25 December 2018.

## Directly elected County Magistrates

China Democratic Socialist Party  Kuomintang  Democratic Progressive Party  Independent  People First Party
| № | Name (Birth–Death) | Term of Office | Term of Office | Political Party | Term |
| 1 | Yang Chung-ching 楊仲鯨 Yáng Zhòngjīng (1898–1967) | 15 November 1950 | 2 June 1954 | China Democratic Socialist Party | 1 |
| 2 | Lin Mao-sheng 林茂盛 Lín Màoshèng | 2 June 1954 | 2 June 1957 | Kuomintang | 2 |
| 3 | Hu Tzu-ping 胡子萍 Hú Zǐpíng | 2 June 1957 | 2 June 1960 | Kuomintang | 3 |
| 4 | Ko Ting-hsuan 柯丁選 Kē Dīngxuǎn | 2 June 1960 | 2 June 1964 | Kuomintang | 4 |
| 4 | Ko Ting-hsuan 柯丁選 Kē Dīngxuǎn | 2 June 1964 | 2 June 1968 | Kuomintang | 5 |
| 5 | Huang Fu-shou 黃福壽 Huáng Fúshòu | 2 June 1968 | 1 February 1973 | Kuomintang | 6 |
| 5 | Huang Fu-shou 黃福壽 Huáng Fúshòu | 1 February 1973 | 20 July 1976 | Kuomintang | 7 |
| — | Ko Ting-hsuan 柯丁選 Kē Dīngxuǎn | 20 July 1976 | 20 December 1977 | Kuomintang | 7 |
| 6 | Wu Shoei-yun 吳水雲 Wú Shuǐyún | 20 December 1977 | 20 December 1981 | Kuomintang | 8 |
| 6 | Wu Shoei-yun 吳水雲 Wú Shuǐyún | 20 December 1981 | 20 December 1985 | Kuomintang | 9 |
| 7 | Chen Ching-shui 陳清水 Chén Qīngshuǐ | 20 December 1985 | 20 December 1989 | Kuomintang | 10 |
| 8 | Wu Kuo-tung 吳國棟 Wú Guódòng | 20 December 1989 | 16 April 1993 | Kuomintang | 11 |
| — | Chen Cheng-hsiung 陳正雄 Chén Zhèngxióng | 16 April 1993 | 20 December 1993 | Kuomintang | 11 |
| 9 | Wang Ching-feng 王慶豐 Wáng Qìngfēng (1933–2024) | 20 December 1993 | 20 December 1997 | Kuomintang | 12 |
| 9 | Wang Ching-feng 王慶豐 Wáng Qìngfēng (1933–2024) | 20 December 1997 | 20 December 2001 | Kuomintang | 13 |
| 10 | Chang Fu-hsing 張福興 Zhāng Fúxīng (1942–2003) | 20 December 2001 | 18 May 2003 | Kuomintang | 14 |
| — | Fan Kuang-chun 范光群 Fàn Guāngqún (1939–) | 20 May 2003 | 19 August 2003 | Democratic Progressive Party | 14 |
| 11 | Hsieh Shen-shan 謝深山 Xiè Shēnshān (1939–) | 19 August 2003 | 20 December 2005 | Kuomintang | 14 |
| 11 | Hsieh Shen-shan 謝深山 Xiè Shēnshān (1939–) | 20 December 2005 | 20 December 2009 | Kuomintang | 15 |
| | Fu Kun-chi 傅崐萁 Fù Kūnqí (1962–) | 20 December 2009 | 25 December 2014 | Independent | 16 |
| 12 | Fu Kun-chi 傅崐萁 Fù Kūnqí (1962–) | 20 December 2009 | 25 December 2014 | People First Party | 16 |
| | Fu Kun-chi 傅崐萁 Fù Kūnqí (1962–) | 20 December 2009 | 25 December 2014 | Independent | 16 |
| 25 December 2014 | Fu Kun-chi 傅崐萁 Fù Kūnqí (1962–) | 12 September 2018 | 17 | Independent |
| — | Tsai Pi-chung 蔡碧仲 Cài Bìzhòng (1958–) | 17 September 2018 | 17 | 25 December 2018 | Independent |
| 13 | Hsu Chen-wei 徐榛蔚 Xú Zhēnwèi (1968–) | 25 December 2018 | 25 December 2022 | Kuomintang | 18 |
| 13 | Hsu Chen-wei 徐榛蔚 Xú Zhēnwèi (1968–) | 25 December 2022 | Incumbent | Kuomintang | 19 |
# Hořice (disambiguation)

Hořice is a town in the Hradec Králové Region of the Czech Republic.
Hořice may also refer to places in the Czech Republic:
* Hořice (Pelhřimov District), a municipality and village in the Vysočina Region
* Hořice, a village and part of Blansko in the South Moravian Region
* Hořice, a village and part of Spálené Poříčí in the Plzeň Region
* Hořice na Šumavě, a municipality and village in the South Bohemian Region
* Dolní Hořice, a municipality and village in the South Bohemian Region
** Horní Hořice, a village and part of Dolní Hořice in the South Bohemian Region
# Wagenborgen

Wagenborgen (Dutch:; Gronings: Woagenbörgen) is a village in the Dutch province of Groningen. It is a part of the municipality of Eemsdelta, and lies about 25 km east of Groningen.

## History

The village was first mentioned in 1446 as wagenbergen. Based on the earlies references, it means "settlement on higher ground by Wago (person)". Wagenborgen is a road village which developed on a sandy ridge in the 11th century.
The Dutch Reformed church was built in 1883 in neoclassic style as a replacement for the medieval church.
Wagenborgen was home to 630 people in 1840.

## Groot Bronswijk

The Brons family used to own a forge in the village where steam powered threshing machines were manufactured. This would lead to the foundation of Brons motor vehicles. In 1873, the charity "Tot Christelijke Liefdadigheid" was founded by the family, and Groot Bronswijk was established to next year to care for people with psychiatric problems.
In 1940, Groot Bronswijk developed into a professional psychiatric hospital. The building was destroyed in 1970 by arson causing the death of 17 patients. In 1992, most of the patients were moved to other hospitals, and in 2006 most of the buildings were demolished.

## Gallery

* Groot Bronswijk
* Former school
* House in Wagenborgen
* Proostmeer
# Performer (disambiguation)

A performer is an artist in the performing arts.
(The) Performer(s) may also refer to:

## Places

* Performers College, Corringham, Essex, England, UK
* Performers House, a defunct folk high school in Silkeborg, Denmark

## Music
### Albums

* The Performer (James Righton album), 2020
* The Performer (Marty Robbins album), 1978

### Songs

* "Performer", a song by Rebecca Black from Let Her Burn
* "Performer", a song by Trey Songz
* "The Performer", a song by James Righton, the title track of the album The Performer (James Righton album)
* "The Performer", a song by Marty Robbins, the title track of the album The Performer (Marty Robbins album)

## Stage and screen

* The Performers (play), 2012 play
* The Performers (TV series), 1972 Canadian TV show
* The Performers (film) (Japanese: 花と涙と炎), 1970 Japanese film directed by Umetsugu Inoue

## Other uses

* Performer (magazine), an American music magazine
* Performer (role variant), in the Keirsey Temperament Sorter
* OpenGL Performer, a commercial software library based on OpenGL