OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Ron Waksman

Ron Waksman is a cardiologist. He is the Associate Director, Division of Cardiology, Washington Hospital Center (WHC) and professor of medicine (cardiology) at Georgetown University.

## Areas of interest

His current research interests include brachytherapy for restenosis prevention bioabsorbable/ biodegradable stents, HDL therapy, intracoronary imaging, valvular heart disease and catheter-based treatment of renal denervation. He is also the author/co-author of more than 20 book chapters and the editor/co-editor of six books in the field of cardiology. He serves as the Editor-in-Chief of the journal Cardiovascular Revascularization Medicine (Including Molecular Interventions).

## Education

Ron Waksman earned his medical degree from the Ben Gurion University in Israel and completed residencies in medicine, cardiology, and interventional cardiology at Hadassah University in Jerusalem, Israel. Subsequently Waksman completed his fellowship in interventional cardiology in 1994 at Emory University Hospital Midtown in Atlanta, GA under Spencer B. King, III.

## Certifications

* Educational Commission for Foreign Medical Graduates
* Israeli Board in Internal Medicine
* Israeli Board in Cardiology
* Interventional Cardiology (Emory)
* American Board of Internal Medicine

## Professional societies

* Israel Cardiac Society
* American College of Cardiology (Fellow of the American College of Cardiology)
* Radiation Vascular Investigative Protocol Group
* The Society for Cardiac Angiography and Interventions Board of Trustees
* AHA Council on Atherosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology
# Quadrature

Quadrature may refer to:

## Signal processing

* Quadrature phase, oscillations that are said to be in quadrature if they are separated in phase by 90° (π/2, or 𝜆/4)
* Quadrature component of a composite signal
* Quadrature filter, the analytic signal of a real-valued filter
* Quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM), a modulation method of using both an (in-phase) carrier wave and a 'quadrature' carrier wave that is 90° out of phase with the main, or in-phase, carrier
* Quadrature phase-shift keying (QPSK), a phase-shift keying of using four quadrate points on the constellation diagram, equispaced around a circle

## Mathematics

* Quadrature (geometry), drawing a square with the same area as a given plane figure (squaring) or computing that area
** Quadrature of the circle
* Numerical integration is often called "numerical quadrature" or simply "quadrature"
** Gaussian quadrature, a special case of numerical integration
* Quadrature (differential equations), expressing a differential equation solution in terms of integrals.
* Formerly, a synonym for "integral"
** Integral
** Antiderivative
* Addition in quadrature, combining the magnitude of uncorrelated signals by taking the square root of the sum of their squares

## Science

* Optical phase space quadratures, operators which represent the real and imaginary parts of the complex amplitude
* Quadrature (astronomy), the position of a body (moon or planet) such that its elongation is 90° or 270°; i.e., the body-earth-sun angle is 90°

## Other uses

* Quadrature encoder, a device that detects mechanical position changes and direction of movement
* Illusionistic ceiling painting, sometimes called quadrature after the Italian term, quadratura
* La Quadrature du Net (Squaring of the Net in French), a French advocacy group that promotes digital rights and freedoms of citizens
* "Quadrature", a song by Squarepusher from the album Just a Souvenir
# Serbian Orthodox Eparchy of Buenos Aires and South America

The Serbian Orthodox Eparchy of Buenos Aires, South and Central America (Serbian: Српска православна епархија буеносајреска и јужноцентралноамеричка, Spanish: Diócesis de Buenos Aires Patriarcado Ortodoxo Serbio) is a Serbian Orthodox Church eparchy (diocese) with the main headquarters located in the city of Buenos Aires, Argentina. The diocese has 20 churches in Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Dominican Republic, Venezuela, Ecuador, El Salvador, Colombia and Peru. On October 13, 2012, was realized the first session of diocese under the rule of the actual administration of Metropolitan bishop Amfilohije Radović. The decision of the Holy Assembly of Bishops of the Serbian Orthodox Church brought in May 2018 elected Kirilo Bojović the first Serbian Bishop of Buenos Aires and South-Central America. He was enthroned in the Cathedral church of Nativity of Virgin in Buenos Aires, Argentina, on 4 September 2018.
For members of Serbian and Montenegrin diaspora in Argentina, Orthodox Christian religion acts as a very significant ethnic symbol. Therefore, as the most important element of social and cultural life the emigrants emphasized existence of Serbian Orthodox Church, since the need for group "survival" (according to the research), throughout history and today, manifested itself through organizing and gathering mostly in the Serbian Orthodox Church and then in homeland's clubs.
# Throwleigh

Throwleigh (/ˈθraʊli/) is a village and civil parish located 3 miles from Chagford and 6 miles from Okehampton, in the West Devon district, in the county of Devon, England. The parish incorporates the village of Throwleigh and the hamlets of Wonson, Providence, and Murchington, whose combined population is approximately 350.
Throwleigh has an Anglican church dedicated to St Mary the Virgin, first recorded in 1268.
At Providence, which lies mid-way between Throwleigh and Gidleigh, a Bible Christian (subsequently Methodist) Chapel ('Providence Chapel') was founded in 1839, and is still operating. In 1877 the Chapel founded an elementary school ('Providence School') which became Throwleigh & Gidleigh County Primary School, closing in 1971 when the pupils were transferred to Chagford.
The hamlet of Wonson, a mile from Throwleigh village, provides the Northmore Arms public house and Throwleigh Village Hall, the latter built in 1949 from a WW2 Nissen hut.
Throwleigh no longer has any shops, and residents look to Chagford or Okehampton for shops and services.
# Esquiline Hill

The Esquiline Hill (/ˈɛskwɪlaɪn/; Latin: Collis Esquilinus; Italian: Esquilino) is one of the Seven Hills of Rome. Its southernmost cusp is the Oppius (Oppian Hill).

## Etymology

The origin of the name Esquiline is still under much debate. One view is that the hill was named after the abundance of aesculi (Italian oaks) growing there. Another view is that, during Rome's infancy, the Capitolium, the Palatinum, and the northern fringes of the Caelian were the most-populated areas of the city, whose inhabitants were considered inquilini ("in-towners"); those who inhabited the external regions – Aurelian, Oppius, Cispius, Fagutal – were considered exquilini ("suburbanites").

## History

The Esquiline Hill includes three prominent spurs, which are sometimes called "hills" as well:
* Cispian (Cispius) – northern spur
* Oppian (Oppius) – southern spur
* Fagutal (Fagutalis) – western spur
Rising above the valley in which was later built the Colosseum, the Esquiline was a fashionable residential district.
According to Livy, the settlement on the Esquiline was expanded during the reign of Servius Tullius, Rome's sixth king, in the 6th century BC. The king also moved his residence to the hill in order to increase its respectability.
The political advisor and art patron Maecenas (70–8 BC) sited his gardens, the first in the Hellenistic-Persian garden style in Rome, on the Esquiline Hill, atop the Servian Wall and its adjoining necropolis. It contained terraces, libraries and other aspects of Roman culture. At the Oppius, Nero (37 AD–68 AD) confiscated property to build his extravagant, mile-long Golden House, and later still Trajan (53–117) constructed his bath complex, both of whose remains are visible today. The 3rd-century Horti Liciniani, a group of gardens (including the relatively well-preserved nymphaeum formerly identified as the non-extant Temple of Minerva Medica), were probably constructed on the Esquiline Hill. Farther to the northeast, at the summit of the Cispius, is the Basilica of Santa Maria Maggiore.
In 1781, the first known copy of the marble statue of a discus thrower – the Discobolus of Myron – was discovered on the Roman property of the Massimo family, the Villa Palombara, on the Esquiline Hill. The famous Esquiline Treasure, now in the British Museum, was found on the Esquiline Hill.

## Namesakes

* The tiny hamlet of El Esquilinchuche in Honduras is named after the Esquiline Hill.
# Stefano Patrizi

Stefano Patrizi (30 September 1715 – 27 October 1797) was an Italian jurist and scholar.

## Biography

He was born in Cariati in Calabria. As a young man, he moved to Naples and was educated under Nicola Fraggianni and the abbot Genovesi. Trained in law, he was appointed as judge of the Vicaria Civile in 1761. A defender of Royal privileges, he was patronized by King Charles Bourbon and his minister Bernardo Tanucci. He then gained appointment as consiglieri nel sacro consiglio and capo-ruota della Real Camera di Santa Chiara. He was appointed professor of law at the University of Naples. In 1770, he published volume 1 of Consultazione, along with the theologian Giovanni Andrea Serao as editor. In 1781, Patrizi was granted a hereditary title of Marchese. In 1789, he was appointed vice-president of the Royal Tribunal of War. He was an honorary associate of the Neapolitan Academy of Arts and Sciences. The Science Lyceum in Cariati is named after him. He corresponded with numerous scholars, from the writers Saverio Mattei and Lorenzo Giustiniani, to the poet Pietro Metastasio, and the judge Nicola Fraggianni. He is considered one of the members of society attempting to bring the Enlightenment ideas to Neapolitan governance and society. For example, he claimed some of the transactions carried out by members of the wealthy monastic orders in Naples were practicing Simony.
# Comandante Armando Tola International Airport

Comandante Armando Tola International Airport (Spanish: Aeropuerto Internacional de El Calafate – Comandante Armando Tola) (IATA: FTE, ICAO: SAWC) is an airport in Santa Cruz Province, Argentina. It is located approximately 21 km (13 mi) east of the city of El Calafate. The airport is jointly operated by the government and London Supply. The airport is served by Aerolíneas Argentinas, DAP and LADE. It is the westernmost Argentinian airport served by scheduled flights.
The airport was inaugurated in November 2000, replacing the old Lago Argentino Airport (ING/SAWL). It is now the main entrance to Los Glaciares National Park. The airport's design was created by Uruguayan-Canadian architect Carlos Ott. In 2010, the airport was used by over 500,000 passengers.
It was the departure and landing station for the second stage of Perlan Project.

## Airlines and destinations

| Airlines | Destinations |
| Aerolíneas Argentinas | Buenos Aires–Aeroparque, Córdoba (AR), Trelew, Ushuaia Seasonal: Buenos Aires–Ezeiza, Rosario, San Carlos de Bariloche |
| Flybondi | Buenos Aires–Aeroparque, Buenos Aires–Ezeiza, Ushuaia |
| JetSmart Argentina | Buenos Aires–Aeroparque, Buenos Aires–Ezeiza |
| LADE | Comodoro Rivadavia, Río Gallegos, Río Grande, Ushuaia |
| Sky Airline | Seasonal: Santiago de Chile (begins 18 December 2024) |

## Statistics

Traffic by calendar year. Official ACI Statistics :
| | Passengers | Change from previous year | Aircraft operations | Change from previous year | Cargo (metric tons) | Change from previous year |
| 2005 | 383,641 | 12.01% | 4,304 | 4.97% | 157 | 15.44% |
| 2006 | 407,874 | 6.32% | 4,387 | 1.93% | 150 | 4.46% |
| 2007 | 433,589 | 6.30% | 5,255 | 19.79% | 112 | 25.33% |
| 2008 | 494,722 | 14.10% | 6,355 | 20.93% | 120 | 7.14% |
| 2009 | 481,690 | 2.63% | 6,482 | 2.00% | 132 | 10.00% |
| 2010 | 507,482 | 5.35% | 6,589 | 1.65% | N.A. | N.A. |
| Source: Airports Council International. World Airport Traffic Statistics (Years 2005-2010) |||||||
# Lewis Hall (Notre Dame)

Lewis Hall is one of the 32 Residence Halls at the University of Notre Dame. Lewis is located northwest of the Main Building and south of St. Joseph's Lake. It was named 2013 Hall of the Year. The coat of arms features two chicks, the mascot of the hall, in blue and yellow, the hall colors.

## History

Built in 1965, Lewis Hall was funded by Julia Lewis in honor of her husband, Chicago philanthropist Frank Lewis. Lewis Hall was the first residence hall at Notre Dame constructed for female students. It originally served as a residence for religious sisters studying for master's degrees and in 1968 also provided housing for laywomen pursuing graduate degrees. It became a women's undergraduate residence hall in 1972, the year Notre Dame began admitting female undergraduates. The first undergraduate woman accepted at Notre Dame, Mary Ann Proctor, lived with the graduate students and nuns. With more than 250 residents, Lewis is one of the largest women's halls on campus.
The building features two artworks by Croatian sculptor and artist-in-residence Ivan Meštrović: a bronze crucifix in the chapel, and a Madonna and Child (1956) in the courtyard. While at Notre Dame, Mestrovic worked primarily with plaster due to his advanced age and the difficulty of handling and working with large blocks of marble or wood. Several of his works were not cast into bronze until after his death, including the Madonna and Child.
The current rector is Megan Moore.

## Traditions

Lewis' most famous event is Crush Week, which culminates in a dance. Lewis also sponsors a 3K race called the Crush Rush. LHOP is a hall-wide breakfast event where each floor prepares a different plate.

## Notable residents

* Condoleezza Rice '75
* Anne Thompson '79

## Room information

Lewis Hall has 132 rooms and features the following room configurations:
* 18 singles
* 91 doubles
* 3 triples
* 5 quads (2 double rooms attached for 4 people to live in)
* 3 "six-chicks" (2 rooms for 3 people to live in each, plus an extra large common room)
* 8 RA rooms
* 3 apartments for Hall Staff (rector and 2 ARs)
* 1 in-residence apartment (priest)
# Beaver Island, Falkland Islands

Beaver Island (Spanish: Isla San Rafael) is one of the Beaver Island group of Falkland Islands. It lies west of Weddell Island and south of New Island and has an area of 4,856 hectares (12,000 acres).
Other islands in the group include Staats Island, with an area of 500 hectares (1,200 acres); Tea Island, which covers 310 hectares (770 acres); Governor Island, which covers 220 hectares (540 acres); Split Island, with an area of 70 hectares (170 acres) and a few smaller islands. Though the smaller islands in the group are low-lying, the larger islands are very hilly, with many peaks of more than 150 metres (490 ft) and some more than 200 metres (660 ft). The highest elevation in the Beaver Island Group is 234 metres (768 ft).

## History and population

Beaver Island was named after the whaling vessel "Beaver" which was recorded as being the first whaling ship to double Cape Horn.
Beaver Settlement lies on the island, with an airstrip nearby. It is owned by Sally and Jerome Poncet.

## Wildlife

Wildlife on the island includes gentoo penguins, South American gray foxes (introduced, not to be confused with the Falkland Islands wolf), peregrine falcons, crested and striated caracaras, guanacos, fur seals, and many seabirds. Beds of kelp can be found offshore.
The Beaver Island Group has been identified by BirdLife International as an Important Bird Area. At least 40 species have been recorded, with 34 known to breed there. Species for which the group is an important breeding site include Falkland steamer ducks (245 pairs), gentoo penguins (2850 pairs), Magellanic penguins (2000 pairs), and southern giant petrels (300 pairs).
# Schneider 2 cells

Schneider 2 cells, usually abbreviated as S2 cells, are one of the most commonly used Drosophila melanogaster cell lines. S2 cells were derived from a primary culture of late stage (20–24 hours old) Drosophila melanogaster embryos by Dr. Imogene Schneider, likely from a macrophage-like lineage.
S2 cells can be grown at room temperature both as a semi-adherent monolayer or in suspension, and they can be grown in the absence of serum.
Several media have been developed for culturing insect cell lines with many of them suitable for culturing S2 cells. The S2 cells have been shown to grow up to 5.1×10$^7$ cells/ml in serum free medium and above 10$^7$ cells/ml in basal media such as that used in Schneider's experiments. ExpreS2ion Biotechnologies have shown a cell concentration of up 7.0x10$^7$ cell/ml.
S2 cells are often used for expression of heterologous proteins and can be used for large-scale production of proteins. Additionally, the cells can be easily transiently transfected with several plasmids at once to study protein interactions.
# Monster Land

Monster Land may refer to:
* Waiwai Monster Land (stylized as Y² Monster Land), a 1986 video game released by Epoch for the Super Cassette Vision
* Wonder Boy in Monster Land, the second game in the Wonder Boy series, first released for the arcade in 1987
* Mayhem in Monsterland, a 1993 Commodore 64 game
* Monsterland (TV series), an American anthology horror television series
* Monsterland (1985–1987), a Forrest J Ackerman horror-oriented magazine
# Kulykove Pole

Kulykove Pole (Ukrainian: Куликове поле, lit. 'Wader Field') is a garden square and necropolis located in the Prymorskyi raion of Odesa, in a historical centre of the city. It is located near Odesa railway station.
Over the years the square has been known for various festivities. In times of the Russian Empire, it was the site of Easter, Christmas and military parades, the 1909 celebration of the 200th anniversary of the Muscovy victory in the Battle of Poltava, the 100th Anniversary of the end of the French invasion of Russia, and other events. During the Soviet times, it was the site of military parades and 1 May demonstrations. In Ukraine, Kulykove Pole is known as a place of the annual Humorina celebration on April Fools' Day.
The etymology of the place's name is uncertain and still under discussion. One hypothesis links the name to a family called Kulikowski who had their estate on the site. Another suggests it was named after the Battle of Kulikovo.

## Trade Unions House fire

Kulykove Pole became famous during the Euromaidan events, serving as a place for Antimaidan protesters, who built a tent city there in the beginning of 2014. This stood until the 2 May events, during which 42 people died whilst trapped in the burning Trade Unions House; 32 from carbon monoxide poisoning, and 10 after leaping from windows to escape the flames.
# Chandrasekhar Billavara

Chandrasekhar Billavara is a poker player who won a World Series of Poker bracelet in a $1,500 No-Limit Hold'em event.
Billavara is the first Indian born WSOP bracelet winner.
Billavara competes in a weekly home game with friends. He jokes that he looks forward to confronting his friends by stating, “Now, I will look at them and say – are you trying to bluff me? Are you crazy? Look at this gold bracelet on my wrist! You want to try [to] bluff me?”
As of 2010, Billavara had tournament winnings of over $740,000. His three cashes at the WSOP accounted for $734,607 of those winnings.

## World Series of Poker bracelets

| Year | Tournament | Prize (US$) |
| 2007 | $1,500 No-Limit Hold'em | $722,914 |
# Mevo'ot HaHermon Regional Council

Mevo'ot HaHermon Regional Council (Hebrew: מועצה אזורית מבואות החרמון, Mo'atza Azorit Mevo'ot HaHermon) is a Regional Council in the Northern District of Israel. It encompasses 13 moshavim and community settlements, from the northern shore of the Sea of Galilee, to the Lebanese border and Mount Hermon. Its offices are located in Merkaz Kach, between roads 90 and 899.

## Settlements
### Moshavim

* Amnun
* Beit Hillel
* Dishon
* Elifelet
* Kahal
* Margaliot
* Mishmar HaYarden
* Ramot Naftali
* Sde Eliezer
* She'ar Yashuv
* Yuval

### Community settlements

* Karkom
* Korazim

## Albanian earthquake relief assistance

On 26 November 2019, an earthquake struck the Durrës region of Albania, killing 51 people, injuring 3,000 others, and damaging 11,000 buildings. Israel sent a rescue and service team from the regional council of Mevo'ot HaHermon and Home Front Command troops to Albania to search through the rubble for survivors and rescue them, assess whether buildings were structurally sound, and provide Albanians who had been evacuated from their homes with waterproof tents to shelter them.
# Distomus variolosus

Distomus variolosus is a species of tunicate or sea squirt in the family Styelidae. It is native to the northeastern Atlantic Ocean where it lives on the seabed, typically on the stems and fronds of kelp.

## Description

Distomus variolosus is a colonial sea squirt that forms leathery patches, often encircling the stems of kelp. The zooids are globose or ovoid and about 1 cm (0.4 in) high, with the two short siphons close together near the apex. It is difficult to distinguish the buccal siphon from the exhalant siphon. The zooids are separate, but linked by the base or the sides. Zooids with closed siphons have a warty appearance, giving the species its specific name. Generally red, the colonies may be spotted with yellow, brown or pink.

## Distribution and habitat

Distomus variolosus is found in the northeastern Atlantic Ocean. Its range extends from the southwest of Great Britain and Ireland as far south as Portugal. It has been reported from the Mediterranean Sea but this is probably a misidentification of Distomus fuscus, which is believed to be the only member of the genus to be found in the Mediterranean. It typically grows on the stems and blades of kelp, such as Laminaria digitata, Laminaria hyperborea and Saccharina latissima, at the base of hydroids, and sometimes colonises the shells of crustaceans such as the spider crab, Maja brachydactyla.

## Biology

Sea squirts take in water through the buccal siphon and expel it through the exhalant siphon, having filtered out any edible particles. The colonies grow by budding new zooids. Distomus variolosus is a hermaphrodite. Sexual reproduction takes place with sperm being liberated into the sea by a male phase zooid. When this is drawn into a female phase zooid, fertilisation takes place and the larva is brooded in the sea squirt's body cavity. When it is mature enough, it is expelled into the water column, and after a short planktonic life, settles on the substrate to form a new colony.
# Janet Trevelyan

Janet Penrose Trevelyan, CH (née Ward; 6 November 1879 – 7 September 1956) was a British writer, social campaigner, and fundraiser.

## Biography

Trevelyan was born Janet Penrose Ward in Oxford on 6 November 1879. She was the daughter of art critic Humphry Ward and writer Mary Augusta Ward, and through her mother was related to Matthew Arnold and Thomas Arnold. Her brother was the Conservative MP Arnold Ward.
Educated at home, and without attending university, Trevelyan translated Adolf Jülicher's Introduction to the New Testament, and Wilhelm Bousset's Life of Jesus in the early 1900s. She wrote a biography of her mother after her mother died in 1920
Following in her mother's footsteps, Trevelyan became involved in the movement to provide play centres for London children, which were eventually transferred to the London County Council in 1941. From 1931 to 1935 she organised the "Save the Foundling Site" appeal to purchase the site of the Foundling Hospital in Bloomsbury as a playground and welfare centre for children. Today the site is known as Coram's Fields. For her efforts, she was appointed a Member of the Order of the Companions of Honour in 1936.
Trevelyan also had a special interest in Italy: she authored several books on the country, and was instrumental in the establishment and survival of the British Institute of Florence, to which she served as Honorary Secretary from 1920 to 1946.
On 19 March 1904, she married historian George Macaulay Trevelyan and they had two sons and a daughter together. She died in the Royal Infirmary at Newcastle-upon-Tyne, as a result of arteriosclerosis on 7 September 1956.