OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Northern Economic Region

The Northern Economic Region, (Russian: Се́верный экономи́ческий райо́н, romanized: Severnyy ekonomicheskiy rayon), is one of twelve economic regions of Russia.

## Composition

* Arkhangelsk Oblast
* Republic of Karelia
* Komi Republic
* Murmansk Oblast
* Nenets Autonomous Okrug
* Vologda Oblast
All are in the Northwestern Federal District

## Socio-economic indicators

The Northern Economic Region accounted for almost 4% of the national GRP in 2008. In the partly arctic zone of Russia, monthly wages appear much higher than the national average, but this is offset by the likelihood of payment being much lower. A higher proportion in the region are employed in a state enterprise, and a lower proportion are secure in their jobs. Unemployment is more than one fifth higher in the region than across Russia as a whole.
Although climatic conditions can be daunting, the life expectancy in the Northern region is almost exactly the national average for both men and women. Youths ambitious for a higher education tend to leave the region; the ratio of students to population is a fifth lower than the national average. And, for those who live in the region, the expectation of life improving is lower than the national average.
# Hamry (Klatovy District)

Hamry (German: Hammern) is a municipality and village in Klatovy District in the Plzeň Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 100 inhabitants.

## Etymology

The name Hamry means 'hammer mills'. It refers to the hammer mills that existed here from the 16th century.

## Geography

Hamry is located about 22 kilometres (14 mi) southwest of Klatovy and 59 km (37 mi) southwest of Plzeň. It lies in the Bohemian Forest, on the border with Germany. The highest point is the top of the mountain Ostrý at 1,293 m (4,242 ft) above sea level, located on the Czech-German border. The Úhlava River flows through the municipality.
Most of the Nýrsko Reservoir is located in the municipal territory. It was built in 1964–1969 and has a 36 m (118 ft) high stone dam. It serves as a source of drinking water for the region.

## History

The first written mention of Hamry is from 1429. Between 1524 and 1535, one of the first hammer mills in the Bohemian Forest was founded here. After that, other hammer mills began to be built here, which processed the iron ore mined in the vicinity, and the village developed. Glass smelters, glass grinding plants, mills and sawmills were also established here.
Hamry had a German-speaking majority. After World War II, the Germans were expelled and the population significantly dropped.

## Demographics

| Year | Pop. | ±% |
| 1869 | 1,440 | — |
| 1880 | 1,446 | +0.4% |
| 1890 | 1,426 | −1.4% |
| 1900 | 1,282 | −10.1% |
| 1910 | 1,465 | +14.3% |
| Year | Pop. | ±% |
| 1921 | 1,536 | +4.8% |
| 1930 | 1,606 | +4.6% |
| 1950 | 309 | −80.8% |
| 1961 | 253 | −18.1% |
| 1970 | 211 | −16.6% |
| Year | Pop. | ±% |
| 1980 | 102 | −51.7% |
| 1991 | 101 | −1.0% |
| 2001 | 119 | +17.8% |
| 2011 | 106 | −10.9% |
| 2021 | 100 | −5.7% |
Source: Censuses :

## Transport

Hamry is located on the main railway line Prague–Železná Ruda via Plzeň. The train station is called Hamry-Hojsova Stráž.

## Sights

The main landmark of Hamry is the Church of Our Lady of Sorrows. It was built in the Baroque style in 1773, on the site of an old chapel.
# Piła County

Piła County (Polish: powiat pilski) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Greater Poland Voivodeship, west-central Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and largest town is Piła, which lies 85 kilometres (53 mi) north of the regional capital Poznań. The county contains four other towns: Wyrzysk, 36 km (22 mi) east of Piła, Ujście, 10 km (6 mi) south of Piła, Łobżenica, 37 km (23 mi) east of Piła, and Wysoka, 25 km (16 mi) east of Piła.
The county covers an area of 1,267.1 square kilometres (489.2 sq mi). As of 2006 its total population is 137,099, out of which the population of Piła is 75,044, that of Wyrzysk is 5,234, that of Ujście is 3,899, that of Łobżenica is 3,172, that of Wysoka is 2,750, and the rural population is 47,000.

## Neighbouring counties

Piła County is bordered by Złotów County to the north, Sępólno County and Nakło County to the east, Wągrowiec County to the south-east, Chodzież County and Czarnków-Trzcianka County to the south, and Wałcz County to the north-west.

## Administrative division

The county is subdivided into nine gminas (one urban, five urban-rural and three rural). These are listed in the following table, in descending order of population.
| Gmina | Type | Area (km$^2$) | Population (2006) | Seat |
| Piła | urban | 102.7 | 75,044 | |
| Gmina Wyrzysk | urban-rural | 160.8 | 14,132 | Wyrzysk |
| Gmina Łobżenica | urban-rural | 190.7 | 9,853 | Łobżenica |
| Gmina Ujście | urban-rural | 126.0 | 8,009 | Ujście |
| Gmina Szydłowo | rural | 267.5 | 7,594 | Szydłowo |
| Gmina Kaczory | rural | 150.0 | 7,526 | Kaczory |
| Gmina Wysoka | urban-rural | 123.0 | 6,890 | Wysoka |
| Gmina Białośliwie | rural | 75.7 | 4,847 | Białośliwie |
| Gmina Miasteczko Krajeńskie | urban-rural | 70.7 | 3,204 | Miasteczko Krajeńskie |
# Universal (act)

Universal (Polish: Uniwersał; Lithuanian: Universalas; Ukrainian: Універсал) is a historic term that means an official proclamation or legal act. In several historic periods Universals were issued in the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth by the Polish, Lithuanian and later also by Ukrainian authorities. The name originates from Latin litterae universales, meaning universal publication directed to all. The term was recently revived in modern Ukraine where the Universal of National Unity, a political multiparty agreement signed on 3 August 2006, ended a parliamentary crisis.

## Poland and Lithuania

Universals were issued by the kings and governing authorities of the Kingdom of Poland and the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth. In the Commonwealth, a universal could be a letter from the king read publicly to address significant events or a legal act by the king related to economic, military or religious matters. Universals were also routinely used to call the szlachta to assemble for a Sejm, or to report for pospolite ruszenie (or common levy). Universals could also be issued by high officials of the Commonwealth, like hetmans commanding military forces or voievodes overseeing a voivodeship. One of the most significant universals was the Uniwersał Połaniecki issued by Tadeusz Kościuszko in 1794, which proclaimed the end of serfdom.

## Ukraine

In Ukrainian history, Universals has been used as a name for the act issued by the authorities. The main purpose of the Universal was to inform the people of the important decisions taken by the authorities. Thus, Universal is sometimes used interchangeably with Declaration.

### Cossack times

Between the sixteenth and eighteenth centuries, the Universals were issued by the Cossack leadership, such as Hetmans, other members of Starshyna (Cossack nobility) and Polkovnyks.

### Ukraine People's Republic

In 1917-1918 four Universals were issued by Central Council of Ukraine, the leading body of the short-lived Ukrainian People's Republic. These documents marked the main stages of the development of the nascent Ukrainian state, from the proclamation of its autonomy to the declaration of full independence.
| Act number | Adaptation | Details |
| 1 | 23 [O.S. 1917] June | Declared the announcement of Ukraine national autonomy as part of Russian Republic |
| 2 | 16 [O.S. 1917] July | Compromise with the Russian Provisional Government announcing that the final form of Ukraine autonomy will decide the Russian Constituent Assembly |
| 3 | 20 [O.S. 1917] November | Announced Ukrainian People's Republic: Ukraine does not completely break away from Russia |
| 4 | 22 [O.S. 1918] January | Declared independence of Ukraine |

### Modern revival

During the 2006 Parliamentary crisis in Ukraine, the term was revived on the initiative of Viktor Yushchenko, a President of Ukraine. After difficult and, at times, tense negotiations between the President and several political forces representing the Parliamentary factions, all sides eventually agreed to a powersharing compromise that led to an expanded governmental coalition and agreed to sign a compromise document titled a Universal of National Unity.
# Agia Mavra, Elis

Agia Mavra (Greek: Άγια Μάυρα) is a village in the municipal unit of Tragano, Elis, Greece. It is situated in a flat, rural area, on the left bank of the river Pineios. It is 3km South of Tragano, 4km East of Kavasila, 2km Northwest of Roupaki, 2km Northeast of Koroivos, and 6km Northeast of Gastouni.

## Population

| Year | Population |
| 1981 | 346 |
| 1991 | 376 |
| 2001 | 550 |
| 2011 | 468 |
| 2021 | 497 |
# Pujols, Gironde

Pujols (French pronunciation:, also known as Pujols-sur-Dordogne; Occitan: Pujòus) is a commune in the Gironde department in Nouvelle-Aquitaine in southwestern France.
# Jumeirah Zabeel Saray

Jumeirah Zabeel Saray is a resort located on the west crescent of The Palm in Dubai, United Arab Emirates. It consists of the main hotel and residences, with a total of 405 rooms and numerous suites. The design of Jumeirah Zabeel Saray is influenced by Ottoman palaces which reflects the hotel's grand architectural design and luxurious features.

## Popular culture

The Zabeel Saray was used during the Televised Reality Singing Series X Factor was partially filmed at the hotel with Nicole Scherzinger using it to choose which male contestants joined her in the live shows in 2012.
# Zvyozdny, Perm Krai

Zvyozdny (Russian: Звёздный), formerly Perm-76 (Пермь-76), is a closed urban locality (an urban-type settlement) in Perm Krai, Russia. Population: 9,151 (2010 Census); 9,628 (2002 Census).

## History

A permanent military summer camp was established in place of modern Zvyozdny in 1931. Originally, the camp was used for military training of infantry, artillery, and cavalry. It was supplied with guns from nearby Perm and with horses from the stud farms in the vicinity. In 1941, when Nazi Germany attacked the USSR, the camp was converted into a permanent installation which continued to be used after the war ended.
On June 27, 1961, the 52nd Tarnopol-Berlin of the orders of Bogdan Khmelnitsky II degree and the Red Star Rocket Division was formed (military unit No. 54090) with deployment in the Perm and Kungur regions of the Perm region on the basis of the 23rd anti-aircraft artillery Tarnopol-Berlin order of Bogdan Khmelnitsky II degree and the Red Star division, which began its combat journey during the Second World War of 1941-1945 [20].
In the shortest possible time, a position area for the ICBM division was built here . The first combat starting position was surrendered in December 1961. The first division with R-16 missiles took up combat duty in March 1962. The closed military town received the non-public name Perm-76. From 1985 to 1990, the 52nd Rocket Division was being re-equipped with combat railway missile systems (BZHRK), and in 2002 the 52nd Rocket Division was disbanded, and on its basis the 1328th Base for the storage and reloading of BZHRK elements was created, which lasted until September 2007 [20].
In total, the division had 80 RS-10 ICBMs and 12 RS-22M ICBMs. For 40 years, several dozen training launches of strategic missiles have been made, all of them hit the targets.

## Administrative and municipal status

Within the framework of administrative divisions, it is incorporated as the closed administrative-territorial formation of Zvyozdny—an administrative unit with the status equal to that of the districts. As a municipal division, the closed administrative-territorial formation of Zvyozdny is incorporated as Zvyozdny Urban Okrug.
# Rieussec

Rieussec (French pronunciation:; Occitan: Riu Sec, meaning dry river) is a commune in the Hérault department in the Occitanie region in southern France.

## Geography

The Thoré has its source in the northern part of the commune.
# Bourg-de-Bigorre

Bourg-de-Bigorre (French pronunciation:; Occitan: Borg de Bigòrra, before 1962: Bourg) is a commune in the Hautes-Pyrénées department in southwestern France.
# Trade Council of Denmark, Taipei

The Trade Council of Denmark, Taipei (Chinese: 丹麥商務辦事處; pinyin: Dānmài Shāngwù Bànshì Chù) represents interests of Denmark in Taiwan in the absence of formal diplomatic relations, functioning as a de facto embassy. Its counterpart in Denmark is the Taipei Representative Office in Denmark in Copenhagen.
It was established in 1983 as the Danish Trade Organisations' Taipei Office.
The Trade Council’s Taipei office provides consular services to Danish citizens in Taiwan, including the issuing of Danish passports. In addition, it is responsible for the issuing of visas for Denmark, Norway and Iceland. It also handles Norwegian passport applications on behalf of the Norwegian Embassy in Singapore. Norway previously had its own Norwegian Trade Council office in Taipei, but this was closed in 2004.
The Office is headed by the Director, Peter Sand.
# The Widow's Ball

The Widow's Ball (German: Der Witwenball) is a 1930 German comedy film directed by Georg Jacoby and starring Lucie Englisch, Fritz Kampers, and Sig Arno.
The film's sets were designed by the art director Franz Schroedter.

## Cast

* Lucie Englisch as Frieda
* Fritz Kampers as Fritz Petzold
* Peggy Norman [de] as Lotte Petzold
* Sig Arno as Kiebitz
* Henry Bender as Herr Liesegang
* Lydia Potechina as Frau Liesegang
* Otto Wallburg as Teckelmann
* Herbert Paulmüller [de] as Mann mit dem Mops
# Libaros

Libaros (French pronunciation:; Occitan: Libaròs) is a commune in the Hautes-Pyrénées department in south-western France.
# First Cristea cabinet

The first cabinet of Miron Cristea was the government of Romania from 10 February 1938 to 31 March 1938. Miron Cristea was the Patriarch of the Romanian Orthodox Church since 1925.

## Ministers

The ministers of the cabinet were as follows:
First Cristea cabinet :
| Portfolio | Name | Dates | Dates |
| President of the Council of Ministers | Miron Cristea | 10 February 1938 | 31 March 1938 |
| Minister of the Interior | Armand Călinescu | 10 February 1938 | 31 March 1938 |
| Minister of Foreign Affairs (interim) | Gheorghe Tătărescu | 10 February 1938 | 31 March 1938 |
| Minister of Finance | Mircea Cancicov [ro] | 10 February 1938 | 31 March 1938 |
| Minister of Justice (interim) | Mircea Cancicov [ro] | 10 February 1938 | 31 March 1938 |
| Minister of National Defence | Gen. Ion Antonescu | 10 February 1938 | 31 March 1938 |
| Minister of Air and Marine (interim) | Gen. Ion Antonescu | 10 February 1938 | 31 March 1938 |
| Minister of Agriculture, Property, and Cooperation | Gheorghe Ionescu-Sisești | 10 February 1938 | 31 March 1938 |
| Minister of Industry and Commerce | Constantin Argetoianu | 10 February 1938 | 31 March 1938 |
| Minister of Public Works and Communications | Constantin Angelescu | 10 February 1938 | 31 March 1938 |
| Minister of National Education | Victor Iamandi | 10 February 1938 | 31 March 1938 |
| Minister of Religious Affairs and the Arts (interim) | Victor Iamandi | 10 February 1938 | 31 March 1938 |
| Minister of Labour | Voicu Nițescu [ro] | 10 February 1938 | 31 March 1938 |
| Minister of Health and Social Security | Ion Costinescu | 10 February 1938 | 31 March 1938 |
| Minister of Cooperation | Stan Ghițescu | 10 February 1938 | 31 March 1938 |
| Minister of State | Armand Călinescu | 10 February 1938 | 31 March 1938 |
| Minister of State | Gheorghe Tătărăscu | 10 February 1938 | 31 March 1938 |
| Minister of State | Mircea Cancicov [ro] | 10 February 1938 | 31 March 1938 |
| Minister of State | Constantin Argetoianu | 10 February 1938 | 31 March 1938 |
| Minister of State | Constantin Angelescu | 10 February 1938 | 31 March 1938 |
| Minister of State | Mareșal Alexandru Averescu | 10 February 1938 | 31 March 1938 |
| Minister of State | Gen. Artur Văitoianu | 10 February 1938 | 31 March 1938 |
| Minister of State | Alexandru Vaida-Voevod | 10 February 1938 | 31 March 1938 |
| Minister of State | Gheorghe Mironescu | 10 February 1938 | 31 March 1938 |
| Minister of State | Nicolae Iorga | 10 February 1938 | 31 March 1938 |
# Parezgys

Parezgys (formerly Russian: Порѣзге, Polish: Porezgi) is a village in Kėdainiai district municipality, in Kaunas County, in central Lithuania. According to the 2011 census, the village was uninhabited. It is located 5 kilometres (3.1 mi) from Pajieslys, next to the Smilgaitis river and the Josvainiai Forest.

## Demography

| Year | Pop. | ±% p.a. |
| 1902 | 40 | — |
| 1923 | 41 | +0.12% |
| 1959 | 11 | −3.59% |
| 1970 | 21 | +6.05% |
| Year | Pop. | ±% p.a. |
| 1979 | 7 | −11.49% |
| 1989 | 0 | −100.00% |
| 2001 | 0 | 0.00% |
| 2011 | 0 | 0.00% |
Source: 1902, 1923, 1959 & 1970, 1979, 1989, 2001, 2011 :
# Nieuil

Nieuil (French pronunciation:; Occitan: Nuelh) is a commune in the Charente department in southwestern France.

## History

Novioialos was a Gaulish site established next to a pagan fountain, and was Christianized under the patronage of Saint-Vivien.
In the eleventh century, the area and the Church belonged to the Viscounts of Rochechouart that created the benedictine Abbaye Saint-Pierre d'Uzerche, the forest was then cleared by the monks of the Priory of Sainte Marie-Madeleine de I'Espinassouze.
All that remains is the apse of the Church, a wall of the chapel of I' Espinassouze and the foundations of the mill.
The Châtellenie of Nieuil passed successively through the noble families Raja, Jaubert, Green Saint, - Marsault – (builders of the first castle) and Perry Fief of the barony of Champagne Mouton, it remained an enclave of Poitou until the French Revolution.
In the sixteenth century a discovery of iron ore in the forest led to the creation of a forge. The owner, Louis Lavergne Champlaurier was guillotined in 1794, with his wife Victoire.

## Nearby towns

Saint-Claud 3.2 km Suaux 3.3 km Roumazières-Loubert 6.5 km Chasseneuil-sur-Bonnieure 7.2 km

## Transport

Rail
Nieuil had a railway station on the line from Ruffec to Roumazières-Loubert, which was closed in 1954. The nearest stations are in Roumazières-Loubert and Chasseneuil-sur-Bonnieure, on the line from Angoulême to Limoges.
Air
The closest airport to Nieuil is Angoulême – Brie – Champniers Airport (27 km) however it does not have scheduled flights since 2016. Slightly further afield is Limoges – Bellegarde Airport which runs scheduled flights to Lyon and the United Kingdom.
# Montmeyran

Montmeyran (French pronunciation:; Occitan: Montmairan) is a commune in the Drôme department in southeastern France.
# 1898 Trilj earthquake

The 1898 Trilj earthquake occurred on Saturday, July 2, 1898, near the town of Trilj in the then-Kingdom of Dalmatia, Austria-Hungary, with the moment magnitude of 6.7. The estimated intensity at the epicenter was VIII–IX on the Medvedev–Sponheuer–Karnik scale. It is one of the strongest earthquakes in Croatian history. This is also the first time an earthquake in Croatia were recorded by seismographs at Italian, German, British, Ukrainian, Russian and Slovenian seismic stations.

## Background

The region of Dalmatia saw many large earthquake in the last 200 years as it lies on a convergent boundary region between Africa and Eurasia. Regional plate tectonics are complex, and involve the motions of numerous microplates and regional-scale structures. The Adriatic block immediately west of the earthquake is thought to move somewhat independently to Eurasia and Africa, driving surrounding faulting in Italy and along the eastern Adriatic coast from Croatia to Albania.
Several large earthquake occurred in 1925, 1927, and in 1962 in Makarska. The most notable earthquake was back in 1667 in Dubrovnik area which claimed 3,000 lives.

## Damage and casualties

The town of Turjaci, Košute, Čaporice, Gardun, Grab, Trilj, Vedrine and Vojnić suffered the most damage. Some houses were completely demolished, and many were damaged. Landslides and cracks in the ground were observed. Churches and schools were damaged. Some wells ran out of water.
Kišpatić (1899) states from the Report of the Presidency of the Dalmatian governments "that in all, 2,365 residential and commercial buildings were damaged, 5 parish houses and 2 churches were destroyed".
The number of victims was much less than expected. It was harvest time so many residents were in the fields at the time of the earthquake. However, three children and three women were killed in Trilj. There were 12 people severely injured in Turjaci, and 20 people in Vojnić were also seriously wounded. In Gardun, Košute, Trilj and Čaporice, half of all houses were destroyed, and over 40 were wounded. About 10,000 people became homeless.
# Harmony, Rock County, Wisconsin

The Town of Harmony is a town located in Rock County, Wisconsin, United States. The population was 2,569 at the 2020 census. The city of Janesville is adjacent to the town.

## Geography

According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 24.0 square miles (62.2 km$^2$), of which, 24.0 square miles (62.0 km$^2$) of it is land and 0.1 square miles (0.1 km$^2$) of it (0.21%) is water.

## Demographics

At the 2000 census there were 2,351 people, 787 households, and 688 families in the town. The population density was 98.1 people per square mile (37.9/km$^2$). There were 802 housing units at an average density of 33.5 per square mile (12.9/km$^2$). The racial makeup of the town was 98.26% White, 0.47% African American, 0.04% Native American, 0.85% Asian, 0.04% from other races, and 0.34% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.68%.
Of the 787 households 44.1% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 80.7% were married couples living together, 3.8% had a female householder with no husband present, and 12.5% were non-families. 9.7% of households were one person and 2.7% were one person aged 65 or older. The average household size was 2.97 and the average family size was 3.19.
The age distribution was 29.4% under the age of 18, 6.3% from 18 to 24, 27.8% from 25 to 44, 29.1% from 45 to 64, and 7.4% 65 or older. The median age was 38 years. For every 100 females, there were 107.1 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 103.3 males.
The median household income was $73,173 and the median family income was $77,206. Males had a median income of $44,784 versus $29,653 for females. The per capita income for the town was $25,244. None of the families and 0.7% of the population were living below the poverty line, including no under eighteens and 3.9% of those over 64.

## Notable people

* James Menzies, Wisconsin legislator
* Joseph Spaulding, Wisconsin legislator
* George H. Williston, Wisconsin legislator
# Barbara Jo Revelle

Barbara Jo Revelle (born 1946) is an American artist known for her public murals and photography. Among Revelle's works is A Colorado Panorama: A People's History, a 200-foot (61 m) long porcelain tile mural installed along the side of the Colorado Convention Center in Denver. The work features the faces of 168 Coloradans, but no official key to the faces was produced.

## Collections

* Seattle Art Museum
* Los Angeles Museum of Contemporary Art
* Museum of Contemporary Photography
* Center for Creative Photography
* Portland Art Museum
* Oakland Museum of Contemporary Art
# Nowmandan

Nowmandan (Persian: نومندان, also Romanized as Nowmandān; also known as Namandan) is a village in Lisar Rural District, Kargan Rud District, Talesh County, Gilan Province, Iran. According to the 2006 census, its population was 362, in 85 families.
# Serixia nilghirica

Serixia nilghirica is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Stephan von Breuning in 1963.
# Gustaf Bergström (sport shooter)

Gustaf Bergström (8 March 1889 – 12 October 1954) was a Swedish sports shooter. He competed in the 50 m pistol event at the 1936 Summer Olympics.