OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# GS-NDG-9422

GS-NDG-9422 is a nebular dominated galaxy in the constellation Fornax that was discovered by NASA’s James Webb Space Telescope. Scientists assume that the galaxy's light comes mostly from superheated gas (more than 80 000 degrees Celsius).
# Michel Issindou

Michel Issindou (born 12 July 1952) was a member of the National Assembly of France. He represented the Isère's 2nd constituency from 2007 to 2017, as a member of the Socialiste, radical, citoyen et divers gauche.
# Bertrand Pancher

Bertrand Pancher (French pronunciation:; born 5 June 1958, in Saint-Mihiel) is a French politician of the Radical Party (Rad) who has been serving as a member of the National Assembly of France since the 2007 elections, representing the Meuse department.

## Political career

In the National Assembly, Pancher has been a member of the Committee on Cultural Affairs and Education since 2019. He has previously served on the Committee on Legal Affairs (2007-2009) and the Committee on Sustainable Development and Spatial Planning (2009-2020). In addition to his committee assignments, he is part of the French parliamentary friendship groups with the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Niger, and Tunisia.
In 2018, Pancher was one of the founding members of the Liberties and Territories (LT) parliamentary group, which he has been co-chairing with Philippe Vigier (2018-2020) and Sylvia Pinel (since 2020).
# Ghazan Marri

Gazain Marri (Urdu: مير گزین مری) is a politician from Balochistan, Pakistan. Marri is the son of politician Nawab Khair Bakhsh Marri.

## Life

In 2006, he was arrested in the United Arab Emirates at the request of the Pakistan authorities, in connection with the murder of judge Nawaz Marri. He was later tried in an anti-terrorist court in Pakistan.
In 2017, he returned to Pakistan, ending an 18-year exile in the UAE. Marri said he intended to face all court cases pending against him, and would join mainstream politics.
# Aminabad, Mahmudabad

Aminabad (Persian: امين اباد, also Romanized as Amīnābād) is a village in Mahmudabad Rural District, in the Central District of Isfahan County, Isfahan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 876, in 255 families.
# Florin Pârvu

Florin Cristian Pârvu (born 2 April 1975) is a Romanian professional football manager and former player.

## International

Romania :
| Year | Apps | Goals |
| 2001 | 2 | 0 |
| Total | 2 | 0 |

## Honours
### Petrolul Ploiești

* Supercupa României runner-up: 1995

### Dinamo București

* Divizia A: 2001–02
* Cupa României: 2002–03
* Supercupa României runner-up: 2001, 2002
# John Tabone

John Tabone (born May 4, 1980) is a Maltese former swimmer, who held 12 out of 17 national records and over 40 age group records specialized in the individual medley events. Tabone qualified only for the men's 400 m individual medley at the 2000 Summer Olympics in Sydney by receiving a Universality place from FINA, in an entry time of 5:00.00. He challenged four other swimmers in heat one, including Hong Kong's Alex Fong, who turned into one of his country's popular singers, and Tunisia's 16-year-old Oussama Mellouli, who later became an Olympic champion in long-distance freestyle (2008) and open water (2012). He rounded out a small field to place 45th in a time of 4:53.12, way off the time he had obtained in the Commonwealth Games that were held in Malaysia in 1998 of 4.48.36. He had made it to the B final and placed 15th overall in that event.Tabone failed to reach the top 8 final, as he placed forty-fifth overall in the prelims.
John took part in the 2018 European Masters championships that were held in Slovenia. After an absence of 18 years from the sport of Swimming he took part in the 50m Butterfly and at the age of 38 he clocked 28.74 coming 6th overall in the 1980 category in Europe and 16th out of 52 participants in the 35-39 age group.
During The Masters European championships held in Rome age group 40 - 44, John managed to swim the 50m Butterfly and 50m Breastroke in 27.89 and 32.32 respectively. He placed in the top 11th out of 46 in the fly and 10th out of 40 in the breast. Also note mentioning he placed 3rd and 2nd in the 1980 age group.
# Veikko Vennamo

Veikko Emil Aleksander Vennamo (originally Fennander) (11 June 1913 – 12 June 1997) was a Finnish politician. In 1959, he founded the Finnish Rural Party (Suomen Maaseudun Puolue), which was succeeded by the True Finns in 1995. He had originally been the leader of a faction of the Agrarian League. When his opponent, Urho Kekkonen, was elected president of Finland, Vennamo broke off his Agrarian League affiliation. Vennamo was a member of Parliament in 1945–1962 and 1966–1987. He was also the director of the Agricultural ministry's Resettlement office in 1944–1959 and was responsible for the resettlement of the farmers evacuated from the ceded Karelia. Later he was a department director at the Board of Customs.
Vennamo was born in Jaakkima, Ladoga Karelia, now in Russia. He was one of the loudest and most prominent critics of President Kekkonen. He also criticized the centre-left governments of the 1960s and 1970s for worsening the living conditions of small farmers and poor workers, for example by favouring the big cities at the expense of the rural towns in abolishing small schools and grocery stores. Vennamo became famous for using simple slogans (kyllä kansa tietää!, "the people do know!") and catchphrases, some of which became popular terms such as "the forgotten people" and rötösherra (a pejorative for corrupted politicians).
He was a presidential candidate in 1968, 1978 and 1982. In the 1968 presidential election, he negatively surprised President Kekkonen and his centre-left allies by getting 11% of the votes. The populist Rural Party got 9% of the deputies in the 1970 and 1972 parliamentary elections, and 8.5% of the deputies in the 1983 parliamentary elections. Vennamo's autocratic manner of leading his party caused the majority of the newly elected Rural Party MPs to defect and form a new party called Finnish People's Unity Party in 1972. Vennamo also encouraged his parliamentary group to make hundreds of bills for the legislature. He became more notorious when he had to be carried out from a parliamentary session by the janitors after defying the speaker's orders in 1974. After the 1983 elections, the Rural Party was allowed to join the government, but Vennamo preferred not to become a cabinet minister.
In the 1988 presidential election, he supported the reelection of President Mauno Koivisto.
# Ivo Frosio

Ivo Frosio (27 April 1930 – 18 April 2019) was a Swiss football midfielder who played for Switzerland in the 1954 FIFA World Cup. He also played for Grasshopper Club Zürich and FC Lugano.
# Lukoyanovsky District

Lukoyanovsky District (Russian: Лукоя́новский райо́н) is an administrative district (raion), one of the forty in Nizhny Novgorod Oblast, Russia. Municipally, it is incorporated as Lukoyanovsky Municipal District. It is located in the south of the oblast. The area of the district is 1,890.7 square kilometers (730.0 sq mi). Its administrative center is the town of Lukoyanov. Population: 32,384 (2010 Census); 35,828 (2002 Census); 38,359 (1989 Soviet census). The population of Lukoyanov accounts for 46.2% of the district's total population.

## History

The district was established in 1929.

## Notable residents

* Nikolay Urvantsev (1893–1985), Soviet geologist and explorer, born in Lukoyanov
* Valery Taliev (1872–1932), botanist and evolutionary biologist, born in Lukoyanov
# Greg Dewar

Gregory Dewar, MLA (born January 9, 1956) is a politician in Manitoba, Canada. He is a former member of the Legislative Assembly of Manitoba.
Dewar was born in Selkirk, Manitoba, the grandson of former mayor Ben Massey. He was educated at the University of Winnipeg, and worked as a steelworker and as a small businessman prior to entering political life. Dewar served as treasurer of the Selkirk local of the Manitoba Metis Federation, and was a founding director of the Maurepas Village Housing Cooperative. He was also involved in the Selkirk Restitution and Reconciliation Committee, a program which assists young offenders.
Dewar was first elected to the Manitoba legislature in the provincial election of 1990, running as a New Democrat in the riding of Selkirk. He received 3735 votes, against 3467 for Progressive Conservative Russ Farrell (incumbent Liberal Gwen Charles was third with 3009). Dewar was re-elected by a wider margin in the 1995 election, and by a comfortable margin in 1999. The NDP formed government following the 1999 election, and Dewar was appointed Government Whip.
Dewar supported Lorne Nystrom's bid to become leader of the federal New Democratic Party in 1995. In 2003, he supported Bill Blaikie.
Dewar was easily re-elected in the provincial election of 2003, receiving more than 60% of the vote in his riding.
He was re-elected in the 2007 provincial election and in the 2011 provincial election. Dewar was the legislative assistant to the Minister of Finance. He resumed the role of Government Whip following the 2011 election and held that position until 2014.
On November 3, 2014, Dewar was appointed as Minister of Finance after then-Minister Jennifer Howard, along with four other ministers, resigned from cabinet over concerns about Premier Selinger's leadership.
# Vaginal fornix

The fornices of the vagina (sg.: fornix of the vagina or fornix vaginae) are the superior portions of the vagina, extending into the recesses created by the vaginal portion of cervix. There is an anterior fornix and a posterior fornix. The word fornix is Latin for 'arch'.

## Sexuality

During sexual intercourse in the missionary position, the tip of the penis may reach the anterior fornix, while in the rear-entry position it may reach the posterior fornix.
The anterior fornix is also called the a-spot, an analogue to the g-spot (Gräfenberg spot), which is closer to the vaginal opening, and also on the anterior side of the vagina.
# Poem for Rent

Poem for Rent is a nonprofit project for arts distribution founded in Israel. Poems on bulletin boards are posted in the same format as standard "house for rent" posts with several detachable tear-offs on the bottom. Instead of a telephone number, quotes from the poem are written on the tear-offs. This way, anyone who passes by can read the poem and pick a tear-off with a quote they liked from the poem.

## History

The first poems for rent were posted in Israel during October 2005. One of those was documented in the Hebrew creation site Tzura. Those were poems of famous Israeli poets such as Yehuda Amichai and Nathan Zach, as well as poems of the Polish poet, Nobel Prize winner, Wislawa Szymborska.
In 2006, the concept expanded to other types of arts, such as painting for rent and comics for rent. The project has also expanded geographically: poems for rent have appeared in Switzerland and The Netherlands. In its summer 2006 issue, the Dutch poetry magazine "Awater" dedicated an article to the project, titled "Wat Bezielt" (What Inspires).
# Game point

Game point or Game points may refer to;

## Racket sports

* Game point, a situation where the next rally can determine the winner of a game
** Pickleball
** Table tennis
** Tennis

## Other

* Game points, a term used in Card games
# Jo Mendi II

Jo Mendi II (c. 1939 – January 6, 1980) was a male chimpanzee and performer. He earned a reputation as "the greatest performing chimp of all time."
Mendi II was acquired by the Detroit Zoo in the fall of 1945. He was a gift to the zoo from James S. Holden and his wife.
Mendi made his performing debut in May 1946 at the Detroit Zoo's chimpanzee theater. On the zoo's "opening Sunday", Mendi was credited with attracting a record crowd estimated at 45,000 persons. With his talents for riding a bike, roller skating, and walking the tight rope, Mendi became the zoo's star attraction. For the summer of 1946, the zoo attracted a record total of 1,350,000 persons, 30% higher than the previous record.
In the summer of 1949, the zoo's chimpanzee theater, then known as the "Jo Mendi Theater", attracted 168,276 persons. In October 1953, zoo director Frank J. McInnis announced that, after eight summers as the zoo's star attraction, Mendi was retiring from public performing. He gave his final performance at the zoo on November 1, 1953, having attracted more than 1,250,000 persons to his shows at the zoo.
In 1958, the Detroit Free Press reported that Mendi, at age 17, remained in his cage at the zoo, living within earshot of the zoo's ape theater, largely forgotten. In 1966, it was reported that he had special quarters in the zoo's Great Ape House, where "like any old vaudevillian [he] 'hams it up' when he can get an audience." Zoo director McInnis vowed to maintain a place for Mendi as long as he lived, noting: "If Yankee Stadium was the house that Ruth built, our Chimp Theater owes it all to Jo." McInnis called Mendi "a clown who loved audiences" and "knew the value of pratfalls." Mendi died in his cage at the Detroit Zoo in January 1980.
# Thomas K. Caughey

Thomas Kirk Caughey (1927 – December 7, 2004) was an American engineer and leader in the fields of dynamics and vibrations, fluid-induced forces in turbomachinery, stochastic nonlinear systems, and structural monitoring and active control of large structures. He was academic who served as a professor of applied mechanics at the California Institute of Technology. His awards include the Norman Medal in 1999 and the Theodore von Kármán Prize in 2002, both from the American Society of Civil Engineers. The American Society of Mechanical Engineers Thomas K. Caughey Dynamics Award, which was established in 2008, is named after him.

## Biography

Born in Rutherglen, Scotland, Caughey graduated with a bachelor's degree in 1948 from the University of Glasgow. From 1947–1951 he worked at Jas. Howden & Co. in Glasgow where he devised an automatic machining system for a new type of rotary compressor. Later, he moved to the United States as a Fulbright scholar and attended Cornell University, where he earned an MS Mechanical Engineering in 1952. In 1954, he completed his PhD from Caltech.
Caughey started his career as an instructor at Caltech in 1953 and later served as a professor of applied mathematics and mechanical engineering between 1955 and 1996.
In 1994, he became the Richard L. and Dorothy M. Hayman Professor of Mechanical Engineering and served until 2004.
He worked with fellow professor Donald E. Hudson to develop the C. I. T. MARK II Response Spectrum Analyzer, which was displayed at the Second World conference on Earthquake Engineering in Tokyo in 1960.
Caughey died on December 7, 2004, at the age of 77.
# Korniakt Palace

The Korniakt Palace (Ukrainian: Палац Корнякта (Palats Korniakta), Polish: kamienica Królewska we Lwowie) on Market Square in Lviv is a prime example of the royal kamienica, or townhouse. The fabric of the palace is of various dates. It was originally built by Polish architect Piotr Barbon for merchant Konstanty Korniakt, a champion of Greek Orthodoxy and co-founder of the Lviv Dormition Brotherhood. Construction of this severely elegant Renaissance palazzo was completed in 1580.
After Korniakt's death in 1603, King Władysław IV Vasa stayed at his palace. He got smallpox and recovered here. The son of Korniakt sold the tenement house to the Discalced Carmelite monastery, from whom it was purchased in 1640 by Jakub Sobieski, the Voivode of Bełz. After his death and that of his wife, Teofila Sobieska née Daniłowicz, the tenement house was inherited by Jan Sobieski, the future king of Poland. The Polish-Lithuanian ruler remodelled it into a palatial residence, with spacious rooms and an audience hall where he signed the Eternal Peace Treaty of 1686.
The house remained in the possession of the Sobieski family until 1724, being inherited by Princes Aleksander and Konstanty. Its next owner was the Crown Field Hetman Stanisław Mateusz Rzewuski. At that time, he already owned several nearby tenement houses, which allowed him to create a large urban residence. The grandson of the purchaser, Józef Rzewuski, sold the tenement house in 1804 to Aleksander Chodkiewicz.
The next owner of the tenement house was Helena Ponińska, née Górska, a writer and social activist. She carried out numerous modifications and renovations of the building, with contributions from architects and artists such as Antoni Bauman, Jan Ziółkowski, and Joseph Engel. After her death, the house was inherited by her son Kalikst Poniński. Following his death in 1902, the property passed to the Lubomirski family, who sold it in 1908 to the city council of Lviv to be used as the National Museum of King Jan III. The building also housed the Historical Museum of the City of Lviv. Restoration and conservation work aimed at returning the building to its original appearance began immediately and continued until 1931, under the supervision of Wawrzyniec Dayczak.
It is now part of the Lviv History Museum. The royal chambers are used for exhibiting Rococo furniture and clocks, a collection of medallions, and precious silverware.
# Pantler of Scotland

The office of Pantler of Scotland, (referred to in documents as Latin:Paniterius Scotiae) was a court position in the Kingdom of Scotland during the High Middle Ages. The now historical term pantler or panter designated an officer responsible for the pantry or food supplies in general in a royal court.

## Office holders

* Ailif
* Nicholas, the son of Ailif
* William St Clair of Roslin
* Henry St Clair of Roslin
* William Moray of Bothwell
* Sir Andrew de Moravia
* Sir John de Moravia, Lord of Bothwell
* Sir Thomas de Moravia, brother of the above, Lord of Bothwell
* Archibald the Grim, Lord of Galloway and Earl of Douglas
* Henry II Sinclair, Earl of Orkney
# Mexican Colony, California

Mexican Colony (Spanish: La Colonia Mexicana de Shafter or simply Colonia Mexicana) is a census-designated place in Kern County, California. It is located 2 miles (3.2 km) south of Shafter, at an elevation of 331 feet (101 m). The population was 283 at the 2020 census.

## Demographics

At the 2010 census Mexican Colony had a population of 281. The population density was 8,841.8 inhabitants per square mile (3,413.8/km$^2$). The racial makeup of Mexican Colony was 162 (57.7%) White, 0 (0.0%) African American, 15 (5.3%) Native American, 0 (0.0%) Asian, 0 (0.0%) Pacific Islander, 93 (33.1%) from other races, and 11 (3.9%) from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 227 people (80.8%).
The whole population lived in households, no one lived in non-institutionalized group quarters and no one was institutionalized.
There were 71 households, 45 (63.4%) had children under the age of 18 living in them, 32 (45.1%) were opposite-sex married couples living together, 21 (29.6%) had a female householder with no husband present, 7 (9.9%) had a male householder with no wife present. There were 9 (12.7%) unmarried opposite-sex partnerships, and 0 (0%) same-sex married couples or partnerships. 10 households (14.1%) were one person and 7 (9.9%) had someone living alone who was 65 or older. The average household size was 3.96. There were 60 families (84.5% of households); the average family size was 4.25.
The age distribution was 115 people (40.9%) under the age of 18, 30 people (10.7%) aged 18 to 24, 70 people (24.9%) aged 25 to 44, 46 people (16.4%) aged 45 to 64, and 20 people (7.1%) who were 65 or older. The median age was 24.3 years. For every 100 females, there were 105.1 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 102.4 males.
There were 78 housing units at an average density of 2,454.3 per square mile, of the occupied units 31 (43.7%) were owner-occupied and 40 (56.3%) were rented. The homeowner vacancy rate was 3.1%; the rental vacancy rate was 2.4%. 119 people (42.3% of the population) lived in owner-occupied housing units and 162 people (57.7%) lived in rental housing units.
# Arakaldo

Arakaldo is a town and municipality located in the province of Biscay, in the autonomous community of Basque Country, northern Spain.
# National Route 18 (Costa Rica)

National Primary Route 18, or just Route 18 (Spanish: Ruta Nacional Primaria 18, or Ruta 18) is a National Road Route of Costa Rica, located in the Guanacaste province.

## Description

In Guanacaste province the route covers Nicoya canton (Mansión, Quebrada Honda districts), Cañas canton (Porozal district), Abangares canton (Las Juntas, Colorado districts).
The La Amistad de Taiwán Bridge, financed, designed and built by Taiwan is located on this route.
# Arthania

Arthania (Arabic: ارثانية ’Arṯāniya, Russian: Арcания, Ukrainian: Артанія, Belarusian: Артанія) was one of the three states of the Rus or Saqaliba (early East Slavs) with the center in Artha described in a lost book by Abu Zayd al-Balkhi (dating from ca. 920) and mentioned in works by some of his followers (Ibn Hawqal, Al-Istakhri, Hudud ul-'alam). The two other centers were Slawiya (Arabic: صلاوية Ṣ(a)lāwiya; tentatively identified with the land of Ilmen Slavs, see Rus Khaganate) and Kuyaba (Arabic: كويابة Kūyāba; usually identified with Kyiv).
Ibn Hawqal claims that nobody has ever visited Artha because the locals kill every foreigner attempting to penetrate their land. They are involved in trade with Kuyaba, selling sable furs, lead, and a modicum of slaves.
Modern historians have been unable to pinpoint the location of Arthania. A linguistic line of argument leads some historians to such far-away places as Cape Arkona on the Baltic Sea, the land of the Erzya (an ethnic group of the Mordva nation; see Gelons and Mordvins) and the Plisnesk hillfort in the Upper Western Bug. George Vernadsky located Arsa on the Taman Peninsula (see Tmutarakan), while Vladimir Minorsky connected "Arsa" with Ryazan. No archaeological confirmation of these linguistic speculations has ever been produced.
Modern Russian historiography tends to identify Arthania with the land of the Merya serving the Volga trade route. Archaeological evidence points to Sarskoe Gorodishche and Timerevo as its main centers. The native name of either town remains unknown.