OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Sygun Copper Mine

Sygun Copper Mine is a Victorian copper mine which closed in 1903 but was renovated and reopened by the Amies family as a tourist attraction in 1986, focusing on audio-visual tours of the underground workings. Sygun Copper Mine was once a main supplier of minerals in Wales. It is located about one mile (1.6 km) outside of the village of Beddgelert in the Snowdonia National Park in North Wales.

## History

Mining in the area started in Roman times, with small-scale tunnels into mineral veins. These were left relatively untouched until the Industrial Revolution when the tunnels were dug deeper into the hills largely due to rising demand for copper. In 1836 the annual production of ore was valued at £2,800. By 1862 2,000 to 3,000 tons of ore had been extracted from the mine.
In 1898 the flotation process, using a mixture of oil and water to extract minerals, was developed by the Elmore brothers, Frank and Stanley, who owned the mine with their father. This was to increase the rate of extraction of copper from the ore. In 1903 the mine was shut down as further working would be unprofitable as the veins had been largely exhausted.
The entrance to the mine was reopened in 1983 and restoration work began in autumn 1986. In restoration, hundreds of tons of rubble were removed from the abandoned mine and access was improved.
In 2002 the mine and its subsidiaries were put up for sale on the retirement of the original developers.

## Awards

The Amies family was awarded the Prince of Wales Award in 1988 for "the sensitive development of visitor facilities at Sygun Copper Mine" in 1988. The award was presented to the family by Prince Charles during an award ceremony, where an ingot of copper produced from local ore was gifted to him. The copper mine is now owned and managed by the Ward Family who have refurbished all aspects of the mine and its visitor attractions.

## Attractions

The Sygun complex also includes an art museum and art gallery. The Sygun Museum of Wales also includes a Welsh mythology and Welsh history section, the Red Dragon Heritage Centre. The museum has one of the largest art collections of any privately controlled museum in Great Britain, small portions being exhibited at various times throughout the year. The collection is split into two main departments, antique and 20th century.

## Popular culture

The copper mine's original buildings, some of which still exist, were shown in the 1958 film The Inn of the Sixth Happiness.
# Montagne, Gironde

Montagne (French pronunciation: ; Occitan: Montanha) is a commune in the Gironde department in Nouvelle-Aquitaine in southwestern France.
# Pale spotted catshark

The pale spotted catshark (Asymbolus pallidus) is a species of shark belonging to the family Pentanchidae, the deepwater catsharks. this shark is found only off Queensland, at depths of between 225 and 400 m (738 and 1,312 ft). Its length is up to 44 cm (17 in).
# Dmitrii Kiselev

Dmitrii Kiselev (born 15 November 1994) is a Russian handball player for Saint Petersburg HC and the Russian national team.
He participated at the 2017 World Men's Handball Championship.
# Mercœur, Corrèze

Mercœur (French pronunciation:; Occitan: Mércuer) is a commune in the Corrèze department in central France.

## Geography

The Maronne river forms part of the commune's northern boundary.
# Pavel Podkolzin

Pavel Nikolaevitch Podkolzin (Russian: Павел Николаевич Подкользин; born 15 January 1985) is a Russian former professional basketball player. Formerly, he played in the NBA and the NBA Development League. He is a 2.26 m (7 ft 5 in) tall center.

## Pro career

Podkolzin made his debut with Lokomotiv Novosibirsk, in the Russian second division, during the 2001–02 season. In December 2001, he signed with Italy's Metis Varese, for whom he played from 2002 to 2004. He was selected by the Utah Jazz in the 2004 NBA draft and promptly traded to the Dallas Mavericks for a future first-round pick in the 2005 NBA draft. He was originally available for selection in the previous year's draft, but withdrew due to acromegaly, a pituitary disorder. Podkolzin was considered to be a high draft pick in the 2004 draft because of his size, blocking ability and strength, but he was chosen late in the draft. Podkolzin averaged 6.0 rebounds in 14.0 minutes in his first two Las Vegas Summer League Revue games. On 5 August 2006, he was waived by the Mavericks after appearing briefly in just six games spanning two seasons.
In 2006–07, he played in the Russian Super League for Khimki BC and former team Lokomotiv Novosibirsk.

## Russian national team

Podkolzin was a member of the junior Russian national basketball team that won the silver medal at the 2000 European Cadets Championship.
# Mianbar, Qazvin

Mianbar (Persian: ميان بر, also Romanized as Mīānbar) is a village in Eqbal-e Sharqi Rural District, in the Central District of Qazvin County, Qazvin Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 404, in 116 families.
# El Ranco

El Ranco Province (Spanish: Provincia del Ranco) is one of two provinces of the southern Chilean region of Los Ríos. It is named after Ranco Lake shared by the communes (comunas) of Futrono and Lago Ranco. The lake is drained by the Bueno River, on which basin lies most of the province. La Unión is the provincial capital.

## Administration

As a second-level administrative division, the province comprises four communes, each with its own governing municipality. Alsono Pérez de Arce Carrasco is the provincial governor.

### Communes

* Futrono
* Lago Ranco
* La Unión
* Río Bueno

## Geography and demography

According to the 2002 census by the National Statistics Institute (INE), the province spans an area of 8,232.3 km$^2$ (3,179 sq mi) and had a population of 97,153 inhabitants (49,485 men and 47,668 women), giving it a population density of 11.8/km$^2$ (31/sq mi). Of these, 51,273 (52.8%) lived in urban areas and 45,880 (47.2%) in rural areas. Between the 1992 and 2002 censuses, the population grew by 1% (924 persons).
# Director general (police)

Director general is a senior rank in police forces used.

## Austria

In the Austrian Federal Police, the rank was the highest of the whole police force. The rank was officially called: Director general of public security (Generaldirektor für die öffentliche Sicherheit)
* Austria

## Canada
### Sûreté du Québec

In the hierarchy of Québec Provincial Police, the director general (Directeur general) is the highest, and above of Associate director (Directeur adjoint).
* Canada

## Croatia

In Croatian police, the police director general (Ravnatelj policije) is the highest rank of the police hierarchy, and higher than deputy police director general (Zamjenik ravnatelja policije).
* Croatia

## France
### Police Nationale

In the National Police of France, the director general (Directeur général) is the highest-ranking officer.
* France

## India

The director general of police (DGP) is the highest rank in the Indian Police Service. Directors general head various state police forces, union territory police forces, central armed police forces, and central investigative and intelligence agencies in India.

## Luxembourg

The director general (Directeur général) is the highest Luxembourg's Grand Ducal Police, and it is above (DGs) assistant director general (Directeur général adjoint).

## Philippines

In the Philippines, the Philippine National Police formerly used the rank as the highest rank, as defined in Republic Act 6975 or Department of Interior and Local Government Act. The rank is replaced by the rank of police general, but the director general rank was still used by the Bureau of Corrections.
* Philippines

## Slovenia

Like in Croatian police, the director general of police (Generalni direktor policije) in the Slovenian police is the highest rank of the police hierarchy, and higher than Deputy director general of police (Namestnik generalnega direktorja policije).
* Slovenia

## Turkey

The Turkish police have assigned director general (Emniyet Genel Müdürü) is the highest rank, and above of director first grade.
* Turkey
# Tatiana Markus

Tetyana Yosypivna Markus (also trans. as Tatiana, Ukrainian: Тетяна Йосипівна Маркус; 21 September 1921 – 29 January 1943) was a member of the anti-Nazi underground in Kiev.

## Biography

Markus was born in the Shtetl of Romny to a large Jewish family. A few years after her birth, her family moved to Kyiv. Markus graduated from the 9th form of school No. 44. In 1938, she worked as a secretary of the personnel department of the passenger service of the South-Western Railways. In the summer of 1940, she was sent to Chișinău, where she worked in a tramway trolleybus park.
After the seizure of Chișinău by the Romanians, Markus returned to Kyiv, which was occupied by Germany in 1941. Since then, she began actively participating in underground activities. She repeatedly took part in sabotage acts against the Nazis, in particular, throwing a grenade at a line of marching soldiers disguised as a bouquet of asters. With fake documents, Markus was registered in a private house under the name of Marcousisse: a legend was invented that she was the daughter of a Georgian prince executed by the Bolsheviks. Under this name, she was hired to work in an officer dining room. There, she successfully continued the sabotage activity: pouring poison into SS officer's food. Several officers died, and Markus left without suspicion. In addition, she personally shot a valuable Gestapo informant, and transmitted underground information about traitors who worked with the Gestapo. Many officers of the German army were attracted by her beauty and attempted to pursue her. One was a high-ranking official from Berlin, who was shot dead by Markus at his apartment after coming to fight partisans and underground fighters. During her tenure, she killed dozens of German soldiers and officers.
Once, she shot a Nazi officer and left a note: All of you, fascist reptiles are waiting for the same fate. Tetyana Markosidze. The leadership of the Soviet underground decided to withdraw Markus from the city to the partisans, but failed to do so. On 22 August 1942, she was captured by the Gestapo while attempting to cross the Dnieper. She was tortured by the Gestapo for five months, but she did not betray anyone. On 29 January 1943, Markus was shot.

## Legacy

* A memorial plaque was dedicated to Markus at the Kyiv school No. 44. It was destroyed in the spring of 2016.
* She received the title of Hero of Ukraine with the Golden Star on 21 September 2006 – for personal courage and heroic self-sacrifice, invincibility of spirit in the fight against fascist invaders in the Great Patriotic War of 1941–1945.
* On 1 December 2009, a monument to Markus was opened in Babi Yar.
* In September 2011, a postage stamp dedicated to her was issued.
# Bermuda (song)

"Bermuda" is a song written by Cynthia Strother and her father Eugene Rex Strother. It was initially performed and released in 1951 by 16-year-old Cynthia and her 11-year-old sister Kay Strother, who performed together under The Bell Sisters moniker ("Bell" was their mother's maiden name) for RCA Records. Their recording of the song featured Henri René and His Orchestra.
The Bell Sisters' version of the song was its highest charting, and reached #7 on the US pop chart national chart on February 16, 1952.

## Other versions

Pop
* Roberta Lee released a version of the song for Decca Records (Decca #27893) in December 1951.
* Jimmy Palmer released a version of the song for Mercury Records (Mercury #6774) in 1952.
* Mimi Martel (with Nancy Brookes and the Les Morgan Orchestra) released a version of the song for Tops Records (Tops #319 and Waldorf A/B #108) in 1952.
* The Bon-Aires released a version of the song for King Records (King #4975) in 1956.
* Harry Roy released a version of the song for Nixa Records (Nixa #7746) in 1952.
* The Crew-Cuts released a version of the song for RCA Records (RCA #42-7577) in 1959.
* Dick Lee released a version of the song for MGM Records (MGM #12774) in 1959.
* Troy Walker released a version of the song on his LP for HiFi Records (HiFi #L1021) in 1960.
* Ray Sharpe released a version of the song as the B-side to his 1960 single on Jamie Records (Jamie #1149) "Gonna Let It Go This Time".
* Roger Smith released a version of the song on his 1960 album for Warner Records, Beach Romance (Warner #1305).
* Linda Scott released a version of the song as a single on Canadian-American Records (Canadian-American #134) in January 1962 where it reached number 16 on the US adult contemporary chart and number 70 on the Billboard pop chart.
* The Four Seasons released a version of the song as a single on Gone Records (Gone #5122) in February 1962.
* Santo & Johnny released a version of the song on their LP for Canadian-American Records (Canadian-American #SCALP-1018) in 1965.
Jazz
* Ray Anthony and His Orchestra released a version of the song for Capitol Records (Capitol #1956) which reached number 24 on the US pop chart national chart on February 23, 1952.
* Maurice King & The Wolverines released a version of the song for Okeh Records (Okeh #6868) in 1952 → Re: Clarence Maurice King, Sr. (1911–1992)

## Popular culture

* The song is featured in Allison Anders' 1996 musical biopic, Grace of My Heart, loosely based on the life of Carole King.
# National Route 915 (Costa Rica)

National Tertiary Route 915, or just Route 915 (Spanish: Ruta Nacional Terciaria 915, or Ruta 915) is a National Road Route of Costa Rica, located in the Guanacaste province.

## Description

In Guanacaste province the route covers Nandayure canton (Bejuco district).
# Solonetz

Solonetz (Ukrainian: Солонець, Russian: Солоне́ц, IPA:) is a Reference Soil Group of the World Reference Base for Soil Resources (WRB). They have, within the upper 100 cm of the soil profile, a so-called "natric horizon" ("natrium" is the Latin term for sodium). A subsurface horizon (subsoil), higher in clay content than the upper horizon, has more than 15% exchangeable sodium. The name is based on the Russian соль (sol, meaning salt). The Ukrainian folk word "solontsi" means salty soil. In Ukraine, many villages are called Solontsі.
Solonetz zones are associated with Gleysols, Solonchaks and Kastanozems.
In USDA soil taxonomy, Solonetz corresponds to sodium-rich Alfisols.
# Jimmy Gaines

Jimmy Gaines (born May 11, 1993) is a former American football linebacker. He played college football at Miami. He signed with the Buffalo Bills of the National Football League (NFL) as an undrafted free agent in 2014.

## High school

Gaines attended Canisius High School in Buffalo, New York. In his high school career, Gaines played a variety of positions including linebacker, safety, tight end, tailback, and wide receiver. He ended his career with 61 rushing yards, one rushing touchdown, 270 receiving yards, two receiving touchdowns, 154 tackles (108 solo), three sacks, one interception, and one fumble recovery. For his accomplishments, Gaines was named to the Class A NYSSA second-team All State team.
Considered a two-star recruit by Rivals.com, he was given a Rivals Rating of 5.4. He accepted a scholarship offer from the Miami Hurricanes.

## College career

As a true freshman in 2010, Gaines played in five games and recorded only one assisted tackle. In his sophomore year, Jimmy earned the starting job out of training camp and saw action in all 12 games, while starting eight. He had 58 tackles, the fifth-highest total on the team, and three tackles-for-loss. Gaines continued his strong play in 2012, playing in 11 games and again finishing fifth on the team with 57 tackles. He had three tackles-for-loss, as well as a fumble recovery, a pass breakup, and two interceptions. In his final season, Gaines started all 13 games at middle linebacker, recording 83 tackles, good for second on the team, two tackles-for-loss, one forced fumble, two fumble recoveries, and one pass breakup.
Gaines was named Strength Training Athlete of the Year after his senior season.

## Professional career
### 2014 NFL Draft

Jimmy Gaines was not selected during the 2014 NFL draft, but signed as an undrafted free agent with his hometown team, the Buffalo Bills. On September 1, 2015, he was released by the Bills.
# Apostolic Prefecture of the Falkland Islands

The Apostolic Prefecture of Falkland Islands (Latin: Apostolica Præfectura de Insulis Falkland) is a Latin Church missionary ecclesiastical jurisdiction or apostolic prefecture of the Catholic Church covering the Falkland Islands and South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands, UK Southern Atlantic Ocean overseas possessions.
It is immediately exempt to the Holy See and not part of an ecclesiastical province. Its only church in the Falklands is its cathedra, St Mary's, in the Falklands capital Stanley. (Christ Church Cathedral is not a Catholic church but is the southernmost Anglican cathedral in the world, consecrated in 1892.)

## History

The Latin missionary jurisdiction was established on 1 October 1952 as Apostolic Prefecture, splitting the offshore territory of Falkland Islands, South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands from the Diocese of Punta Arenas in Chile.

## Mission Sui Iuris of Saint Helena, Ascension Island and Tristan da Cunha

The Apostolic Prefecture of the Falkland Islands has a close relationship with the Mission Sui Iuris of Saint Helena, Ascension Island and Tristan da Cunha. An exempt mission sui juris, it was created on 18 August 1986 for the British overseas territory of Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha, comprising the Atlantic Ocean islands of Saint Helena, Ascension Island and Tristan da Cunha, splitting these territories from the Archdiocese of Cape Town.
It comprises a church or chapel on each island:
* Church of the Sacred Heart in Jamestown, Saint Helena
* Grotto of Our Lady on Ascension
* Church of Saint Joseph on Tristan da Cunha.
From the start, the office of its ecclesiastical superior has been vested in the Apostolic Prefect of the Falklands, another UK Southern Atlantic overseas possession.

## Incumbent ordinaries

So far, all incumbents have been members of Roman rite missionary congregations, none titular bishops

### Prelates of the Falkland Islands

* Friar James Ireland, M.H.M. (28 March 1952 – 7 May 1973)
* Friar Daniel Martin Spraggon, M.H.M. (7 May 1973 – †27 September 1985)

### Prelates of the Falkland Islands and Ecclesiastical Superiors of Saint Helena, Ascension Island and Tristan da Cunha

* Mgr. Anton Agreiter, M.H.M. (1 October 1986 – 9 August 2002; †2003)
* Mgr. Michael Bernard McPartland, S.M.A. (9 August 2002 – 26 October 2016; †2017)
* Abbot Hugh Allan, O.Praem. (26 October 2016 – 18 July 2024)
* Fr Tom Thomas, IC (18 July 2024 - present)

## Sources, References and External links

* GigaCatholic Falkland Islands, with incumbent biography links
* GigaCatholic Saint Helena, Ascension Island and Tristan da Cunha, with incumbent biographies
* Prefecture Website
# Gymnastics at the Pan American Games – Women's individual all-around

Women's events at the Gymnastics at the Pan American Games were first held at the 1959 Pan American Games.
Three medals are awarded: gold for first place, silver for second place, and bronze for third place. Tie breakers have not been used in every year. In the event of a tie between two gymnasts, both names are listed, and the following position (second for a tie for first, third for a tie for second) is left empty because a medal was not awarded for that position. If three gymnastics tied for a position, the following two positions are left empty.

## Medalists

| Year | Location | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
| 1959 | Chicago | Ernestine Russell | Betty Maycock | Marie-Claire Larsen |
| 1963 | São Paulo | Doris Fuchs | Marie-Claire Larsen Avis Tieber | — |
| 1967 | Winnipeg | Linda Metheny | Joyce Tanac | Marie Walther |
| 1971 | Cali | Roxanne Pierce | Linda Metheny | Kim Chace |
| 1975 | Mexico City | Ann Carr | Roxanne Pierce | Kolleen Casey |
| 1979 | San Juan | Monica Goermann | Jeanine Creek | Elfi Schlegel |
| 1983 | Caracas | Orisel Martinez | Yumi Mordre | Lisa Wittwer |
| 1987 | Indianapolis | Sabrina Mar | Kristie Phillips | Kelly Garrison |
| 1991 | Havana | Stephanie Woods | Chelle Stack | Romina Plataroti |
| 1995 | Mar del Plata | Shannon Miller | Amanda Borden | Amy Chow |
| 1999 | Winnipeg | Morgan White | Michelle Conway | Jennie Thompson |
| 2003 | Santo Domingo | Chellsie Memmel | Nastia Liukin | Daniele Hypólito |
| 2007 | Rio de Janeiro | Shawn Johnson | Rebecca Bross | Ivana Hong |
| 2011 | Guadalajara | Bridgette Caquatto | Ana Sofía Gómez | Kristina Vaculik |
| 2015 | Toronto | Ellie Black | Madison Desch | Flávia Saraiva |
| 2019 | Lima | Ellie Black | Riley McCusker | Flávia Saraiva |
| 2023 | Santiago | Kayla DiCello | Flávia Saraiva | Jordan Chiles |

## Medal table

| Rank | Nation | Gold | Silver | Bronze | Total |
| 1 | United States (USA) | 11 | 15 | 8 | 34 |
| 2 | Canada (CAN) | 4 | 1 | 3 | 8 |
| 3 | Cuba (CUB) | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| 4 | Guatemala (GUA) | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| 5 | Brazil (BRA) | 0 | 0 | 3 | 3 |
| 6 | Argentina (ARG) | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| Totals (6 entries) | Totals (6 entries) | 16 | 17 | 15 | 48 |
# Mount Alvernia College

Mount Alvernia College is an independent Roman Catholic secondary school for girls located in the Brisbane suburb of Kedron, in the state of Queensland, Australia. It was founded in 1956 by the Missionary Franciscan Sisters of the Immaculate Conception.
Mount Alvernia is a member of the Catholic Secondary Schoolgirls' Sports Association.

## Overview

Mount Alvernia's mission statement is "Educating young women in the Franciscan tradition". Academic, cultural, spiritual, and outreach programs are based upon the Franciscan values of love, compassion, simplicity, peace, joy, trust in God, respect, and service.
The College has seven buildings housing state-of-the-art science, sporting, arts, technology, and home economics facilities. The school grounds also feature a garden, La Foresta, that is both decorative and functional, providing fresh produce for use in the canteen and home economics classes.
Prior to 2015, the College separated students into four house groups: Greccio, Perugia, Rieti, and Spoleto. When the first cohort of Year 7 students entered the College in 2015, two new houses were introduced: Villa Spada and Belle Prairie. Each house is named after a significant location in the lives of St Francis of Assisi and founder of the Missionary Franciscan Sisters of the Immaculate Conception Elizabeth Hayes.
Mount Alvernia is adjacent to two other Franciscan schools: primary school St Anthony's and Padua College, a Year 5–12 school for boys. The three schools are known collectively as Franciscans on the Hill (FOTH).
The College is operated by Mercy Partners and is a member of the Franciscan Schools Australia network.
# Saint-Barthélemy-d'Agenais

Saint-Barthélemy-d'Agenais (French pronunciation:, literally Saint-Barthélemy of Agenais; Occitan: Sent Bertomiu d'Agenés) is a commune in the Lot-et-Garonne department in south-western France.
# Don Ya Nang railway halt

Don Ya Nang Halt (Thai: ที่หยุดรถดอนหญ้านาง) is a railway halt located in Don Ya Nang Subdistrict, Phachi District, Phra Nakhon Si Ayutthaya. It is located 93.583 km (58.1 mi) from Bangkok Railway Station.
# Molyvdoskepastos

Molyvdoskepastos (Greek: Μολυβδοσκέπαστος), known as Depalitsa (Greek: Δεπαλίτσα) until 1929, is a village located in the municipality of Konitsa, in the Ioannina regional unit, Epirus, Greece. It has a population of 45 people (2021) and is the birthplace of former Greek President Karolos Papoulias.
The village was renamed after the Monastery of Panagia Molyvdoskepastos.