OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Cullyhanna

Cullyhanna (from Irish Coilleach Eanach, meaning 'wood of the marshes') is a small village and townland close to Keady in County Armagh, Northern Ireland. The village extends further over the townlands of Tullynavall and Freeduff. It had a population of 306 in the 2001 Census. It is within the Newry and Mourne District Council area.

## Location

Cullyhanna lies on the main road between Newtownhamilton (4.9 mi (8 km)) and Crossmaglen (4.8 mi (8 km)).
It's 13.3 mi (21 km) west of Newry, 49.1 mi (79 km) south west of Belfast, 13.3 mi (21 km) north west of Dundalk, and 64.7 mi (104 km) north of Dublin.

## History

In June 1920, during the Irish War of Independence, the Irish Republican Army ambushed Royal Irish Constabulary officers in Cullyhanna. Three officers were wounded, one fatally. The RIC returned fire, killing a civilian.
Cullyhanna, along with the rest of South Armagh, would have been transferred to the Irish Free State had the recommendations of the Irish Boundary Commission been enacted in 1925.

### The Troubles

Cullyhanna is in South Armagh, a region that has been a stronghold of support for the Provisional Irish Republican Army, earning it the nickname "Bandit Country". The British Army nicknamed the local IRA unit the "Cullyhanna Gun Club". The village and the surrounding area were among the most dangerous areas in Northern Ireland for the British security forces.
For more information see The Troubles in Cullyhanna, which includes a list of incidents in Cullyhanna during the Troubles resulting in two or more fatalities.

## People

* Fergal Caraher, a Provisional IRA volunteer and Sinn Féin member.
* Maria Caraher, Irish republican activist, school principal and former politician.
* Paul Quinn, a native of the area, who was murdered in 2007.
* Tomás Cardinal Ó Fiaich, Primate of All Ireland and Archbishop of Armagh, who, until his death, was head of the Catholic Church in Ireland, was born near Cullyhanna. When a new school, St Patrick's Primary, was built in the village, the old school was renovated to provide a heritage centre known as the Ó Fiaich Heritage Centre.

## Sport

Cullyhanna is home to St Patrick's Gaelic Football Club (Cumann Naomh Pádraig). It consists of men and women's football teams and also has camogie teams. The recently built club house facilities are a focus for community activity. They beat Crossmaglen Rangers on 2 October 2016 to reach the Armagh Senior Championship final for the first time in their history.
Ashfield Golf Course is an 18-hole course at Cullyhanna.

## Politics

Cullyhanna forms the Newry & Armagh constituency for elections to the Westminster Parliament. The Member of Parliament is Dáire Hughes of Sinn Féin. He won the seat in the 2024 United Kingdom general election.

## Education

* St. Patrick's Primary School
* St. Cormac's Primary School
# Khrenovets

Khrenovets (Russian: Хреновец) is a rural locality (Russian: деревня, lit. 'village') in Brezhnevsky Selsoviet Rural Settlement, Kursky District, Kursk Oblast, Russia. Population: 8 (2010 Census); 24 (2002 Census);

## Geography

The village is located on the Khrenovets Brook (a right tributary of the Malaya Kuritsa in the Seym River basin), 88.5 km from the Russia–Ukraine border, 26.5 km north-west of Kursk, 13 km from the selsoviet center – Verkhnekasinovo.

### Climate

Khrenovets has a warm-summer humid continental climate (Dfb in the Köppen climate classification).

## Transport

Khrenovets is located 10.5 km from the federal route M-2 Crimea Highway (a part of the European route E105), 4 km from the road of intermunicipal significance 38H-182 ("Crimea Highway" – Verkhnyaya Medveditsa – Razinkovo), 27 km from the nearest railway halt Bukreyevka (railway line Oryol – Kursk).
The rural locality is situated 31 km from Kursk Vostochny Airport, 144 km from Belgorod International Airport and 231 km from Voronezh Peter the Great Airport.
# New Navarino fortress

The fortress of New Navarino (Greek: Νέο Ναυαρίνο; Ottoman Turkish: Anavarin-i cedid) is an Ottoman fortification near Pylos, Greece. It is one of two castles guarding the strategic Bay of Pylos, on which it sits; New Navarino is located in the southern entrance of the bay, while the northern entrance is guarded by the 13th-century Old Navarino castle, built by the Crusaders of the Principality of Achaea. In juxtaposition with the latter, New Navarino is often known simply as Neokastro or Niokastro (Greek: Νεόκαστρο or Νιόκαστρο, "new castle").

## History

The fortress was built by the Ottoman Kapudan Pasha, Uluç Ali Reis, in 1572/3, shortly after the Battle of Lepanto. In 1645, Navarino was used as a base for the Ottoman invasion of Crete during the opening stages of the Cretan War. During the Morean War, the Republic of Venice under Francesco Morosini captured both fortresses at Navarino in 1686, defended by Mustafa Pasha and Djafer Pasha respectively. Along with the rest of the Peloponnese, the fortresses remained in Venetian hands until 1715, when the Ottomans recaptured the entire peninsula.
The fortress was captured by the Russians on 10 April 1770, during the Russo-Turkish War of 1768–1774 and the Russian-inspired Orlov revolt in Greece, after a six-day siege, and the Ottoman garrison was allowed to evacuate to Crete. Russian control was brief: already on 1 June 1770, the Russian fleet abandoned Navarino, which they destroyed in part, to the Ottomans.
After the outbreak of the Greek War of Independence in March 1821, the Greeks besieged the fortress for several months. The garrison surrendered in the first week of August 1821 after being assured of safe passage, but were all massacred. The fortress remained in Greek hands until captured by Ibrahim Pasha of Egypt on 11 May 1825. The Ottoman-Egyptian garrison remained in the fortress until it was handed over to the French troops of the Morea expedition under General Nicolas Joseph Maison in October 1828.
In 1830, the modern town of Pylos was founded outside the fortress walls. The fort was abandoned and its citadel used for a long time as a prison facility.

## Description

In contrast to the medieval Old Navarino castle, New Navarino incorporates the lessons of gunpowder warfare, and follows the trace italienne style with thick and sloped walls, and strengthened with bastions. The two most important bastions, the so-called "Seventh" (Έβδομο) and that of "Santa Maria", face towards the sea and cover the harbour. The fortress also featured a citadel, which was protected by an additional dry moat, six pentagonal bastions, and almost 60 guns. The citadel is connected with the "Seventh" via a long southern wall, the so-called "Great Bough" (Μεγάλη Βέργα). The main entrance to the fortress was to the southeast, from the "Scalding Gate" (Ζεματίστρα). Only ruins survive of the settlement inside the fortress walls, except for the fortress mosque, which after Greek independence was converted into an Orthodox church dedicated to the Transfiguration of Christ.
# Kanasubigi

Kanasubigi (Greek: ΚΑΝΑΣΥΒΙΓΙ), possibly read as Kanas Ubigi or Kanas U Bigi, was a title of the early Bulgar rulers of the First Bulgarian Empire. Omurtag (814–831) and his son Malamir (831–836) are mentioned in inscriptions as Kanasubigi.
The title khan for early Bulgarian rulers is an assumed one, as only the form kanasubigi or "kanasybigi" is attested in stone inscriptions. Historians presume that it includes the title khan in its archaic form kana, and there is a presumptive evidence suggesting that the latter title was indeed used in Bulgaria, e.g. the name of one of the Bulgars' ruler Pagan occurs in Patriarch Nicephorus's so-called breviarium as Καμπαγάνος (Kampaganos), likely an erroneous rendition of the phrase "Khan Pagan". Among the proposed translations for the phrase kanasubigi as a whole are lord of the army, from the reconstructed Turkic phrase *sü begi, paralleling the attested Old Turkic sü baši, and, more recently, "(ruler) from God", from the Indo-European *su- and baga-, i.e. *su-baga (an equivalent of the Greek phrase ὁ ἐκ Θεοῦ ἄρχων, ho ek Theou archon, which is common in Bulgar inscriptions). Another presumption is that the title means the great khan. This titulature presumably persisted until the Bulgars adopted Christianity. Some Bulgar inscriptions written in Greek and later in Slavonic refer to the Bulgarian ruler respectively with the Greek title archon or the Slavic title knyaz.
# Malagasy Olympic Committee

The Malagasy Olympic Committee (French: Comité Olympique Malgache) (IOC code: MAD) is the National Olympic Committee representing Madagascar.
# Kosmos 818

Kosmos 818 (Russian: Космос 818 meaning Cosmos 818), also known as DS-P1-Yu No.78, was a Soviet satellite which was launched in 1976 as part of the Dnepropetrovsk Sputnik programme. It was a 400-kilogram (880 lb) spacecraft, which was built by the Yuzhnoye Design Bureau, and was used as a radar calibration target for anti-ballistic missile tests.
A Kosmos-2I 63SM carrier rocket was used to launch Kosmos 818 from Site 133/1 of the Plesetsk Cosmodrome. The launch occurred at 11:00 UTC on 18 May 1976, and resulted in the successfully insertion of the satellite into low Earth orbit. Upon reaching orbit, the satellite was assigned its Kosmos designation, and received the International Designator 1976-044A. The North American Aerospace Defense Command assigned it the catalogue number 08851.
Kosmos 818 was the seventy-eighth and penultimate DS-P1-Yu satellite to be launched, and the seventy-first to successfully reach orbit. It was operated in an orbit with a perigee of 267 kilometres (166 mi), an apogee of 468 kilometres (291 mi), 71 degrees of inclination, and an orbital period of 91.9 minutes. It remained in orbit until it decayed and reentered the atmosphere on 7 March 1977.
# Strategikon of Kekaumenos

The Strategikon of Kekaumenos (Greek: Στρατηγικὸν τοῦ Κεκαυμένου, Latin: Cecaumeni Strategicon) is a late 11th century Byzantine manual offering advice on warfare and the handling of public and domestic affairs.
The book was composed between 1075 and 1078 by a Byzantine general of partly Armenian descent. In it, he offers advice, based on his own personal experience and drawing upon numerous historical examples from the events of the 11th century. It is divided in six parts:
* Part 1 (Chapters 1-8) survives incomplete, as its beginning has been lost. It concerns the duties and services due to a superior lord.
* Part 2 (Chapters 9-34) is the Strategikon proper, and contains advice to a general.
* Part 3 (Chapters 35-71) contains advice on domestic matters, the rearing of children, management of the house and the family and social relations.
* Part 4 (Chapters 72-76) contains advice on the proper course of action in the event of a revolt against the Emperor.
* Part 5 (Chapters 77-88) contains the admonitions to the Emperor on the governance and defence of the state.
* Part 6 (Chapters 89-91) contains advice to the autonomous local ruler (toparchēs) on his dealings with the Emperor.
The book is valuable to historians for its portrayal of the mindset of the Byzantine provincial aristocracy in the closing decades of the 11th century, and especially the social relations, as revealed in the third part. It also contains much otherwise unknown information about historical events.
# Pocapaglia

Pocapaglia (Piedmontese: Pocapaja) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Cuneo in the Italian region Piedmont, located about 45 kilometres (28 mi) southeast of Turin and about 45 kilometres (28 mi) northeast of Cuneo. As of 1-1-2017, it had a population of 3,311 and an area of 17.4 square kilometres (6.7 sq mi).
Pocapaglia borders the following municipalities: Bra, Monticello d'Alba, Sanfrè, Santa Vittoria d'Alba, and Sommariva Perno.
# Kato Platres

Kato Platres (Greek: Κάτω Πλάτρες) also known as Tornarides is a mountainous village in Cyprus. It is located on the southern slopes of the Troödos Mountains (Greek: Τρόοδος) and is one of the Krasochoria (Greek: Κρασοχώρια) (wine village). Kato Platres is approximately 24 kilometers (15 mi) north-west of Limassol and 46 kilometers (29 mi) south-west of the capital Nicosia.
# Zangulbareh

Zangulbareh (Persian: زنگول بره, also Romanized as Zangūlbareh; also known as Zangolbareh) is a village in Machian Rural District, Kelachay District, Rudsar County, Gilan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 71, in 21 families.
# Dio of Alexandria

Dio of Alexandria (/ˈdiːoʊ/; Greek: Δίων) was an Academic Skeptic philosopher and a friend of Antiochus of Ascalon who lived in the first century BC. Along with being an Academic Skeptic, Dio was an avid believer in the Greek gods and Titans, specifically worshipping the personification of time, Chronos. He was sent by his fellow citizens as ambassador to Rome, leading a delegation of a hundred citizens, to complain about the conduct of their king, Ptolemy XII Auletes. In Rome in 57 BC he was poisoned by the king's secret agents, and the strongest suspicion of the murder fell upon Marcus Caelius. The defence of Caelius in April 56 BC, the Pro Caelio, is considered one of Cicero's and indeed Rome's greatest orations.
His brother was the wrestler Topsius (Ancient Greek: Τόψιος).
# Gene Summers in Nashville

Gene Summers In Nashville is a 10" vinyl album by Gene Summers. It was recorded at the Young 'Un Sound studio in Nashville, Tennessee in 1980 and contains rockabilly and country tracks performed by Summers. It was issued on the French Big Beat label in 1981.
Backing Summers were some of the Nashville A-Team session musicians including Dale Sellers, Jerry Stembridge, Stu Basore, Charlie McCoy, Mike Leech, Hayward Bishop and The Jordanaires. The session engineers were Stan Dacus and Chip Young. It was produced by Chip Young and was a Michael Cattin production.
# Brenner Autobahn

The Brenner Autobahn (Italian: Autostrada del Brennero or Italian: AutoBrennero, English: Brenner motorway) refers to a major European truck route that connects Innsbruck in Austria to Verona in northern Italy.
Numbered as the A13 in the Austrian section, the motorway is relatively short and entirely located within the state of Tyrol. Upon reaching the Italy-Austria border at the Brenner Pass (1,374 m (4,508 ft)), the motorway becomes A22 in Italy and runs to Verona and then to Modena, where it connects to the A1 motorway between Milan and Rome. It is part of the major European route E45.
The historic Brenner Pass is one of the lowest among the Central Eastern Alps; this favourable location was therefore suitable for building the first motorway crossing among the Alpine main chains. Unlike other higher passes across the Alps, the Brenner Pass remains open all year round. Construction of the motorway began in 1959 and the Brenner Autobahn, including the Bridge of Europe (Europe's highest motorway bridge then), was partially open in 1963.

## Route
### Austria

The A13 begins in the south of Innsbruck from the east–west motorway A12 Inntal Autobahn (Inn Valley Motorway), which links Bregenz in western Austria to Kufstein near the border of Bavaria in Germany. At 565 m (1,854 ft) above sea, the Brenner Autobahn climbs up the Wipptal (Wipp Valley), passes by the villages Steinach and Gries-am-Brenner, and reaches the Brenner Pass at 1,374 m (4,508 ft) above sea.

### Italy

After the Italy-Austria border, the A22 motorway begins its gradual descent through the Eisack Valley. It passes by the towns of Sterzing and Brixen before arriving outside Bolzano at 262 m (860 ft) above sea. After Bolzano, the motorway continues to Auer, Trento, Rovereto, Ala and meets the A4 Milan-Venice Highway west of Verona. Beyond Verona, the motorway continues to Mantua and Modena, where it terminates and meets the A1 motorway.

## Tolls

The Brenner Autobahn is a toll route in both Austria and Italy. When travelling on the Austrian A13, drivers are required to pay extra tolls (German: Maut), either by credit card or cash at the toll plaza at the Schönberg im Stubaital junction or via a Videomaut prepaid system. As the Brenner Autobahn is a so-called special toll section (German: Sondermautstrecke), it is exempt from the toll vignette usually obligatory on Austrian motorways and expressways.
# Aynehvar

Aynehvar (Persian: اينه ور, also Romanized as Āynehvar; also known as ‘Aynevar and Eynaver) is a village in Eslamabad Rural District, Sangar District, Rasht County, Gilan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 465, in 131 families.
# MS Sharden

MS GNV Auriga is a cruiseferry owned and operated by Grandi Navi Veloci. It was built in Fincantieri in Castellammare di Stabia, Italy.

## Features

Sharden is the second of two sister ships, the other being Nuraghes. They are an improved version of the previous Bithia class with an additional car deck which brings their gross tonnage to nearly 40,000 and allows nearly 2,000 linear meters greater cargo capacity, the equivalent of about 140 semi-trailers, or 1,085 cars. The ship can carry up to 3,000 passengers and has nine decks:
* Deck 8: infirmary, kennels, and solarium
* Deck 7: children's area, 648 second class seats, and 68 cabins
* Deck 6: reception, central bar, bar of the festivals, cinema, restaurant, self-service, and shops
* Deck 5: 258 cabins
* Deck 4: mobile car deck for 265 cars
* Deck 4: car deck for 373 cars or 70 trailers
* Deck 3: car deck for 335 cars or 65 trailers
* Deck 2: car deck for 60 cars
* Deck 1: car deck for 52 cars
Despite the addition of a deck, and the consequent increase in displacement, the same diesel engines as the Bithia class were employed. Four Wärtsilä 12V46C engines generate a power of more than 51,000 kW. These engines allow the ship to reach a top speed of 29 knots (53.70 km/h). Top performance is fully exploited only for the daytime crossings and in the high season, i.e. when passenger and vehicle traffic justifies the larger fuel consumption; otherwise, the ship keeps a speed that allows it to save fuel, usually between 19 and 23 knots by using only two of its four engines.

## History

Sharden was launched by Fincantieri on September 28, 2004, and delivered to Tirrenia on March 2, 2005. entering service in mid-March on the Civitavecchia-Olbia route.
On February 3, 2012, while leaving Civitavecchia heading for Olbia, Sharden struck the breakwater due to the strong winds and an exceptional snowstorm raging throughout central Italy that reduced visibility. The accident resulted in a hole about 30 meters above the waterline. None of the 262 passengers and 53 crew members were injured.
On July 13, 2016, Sharden collided with the GNV's ferry Excelsior in Genoa harbor due to 25 knot wind speeds; neither ship suffered significant damage.
On November 15, 2016, the body of a German passenger who had gone missing two months before was found in a ventilation shaft inside the ship.
Sharden is currently operated on the Genoa-Porto Torres route.
# 7-Keto-DHEA

7-Ketodehydroepiandrosterone (7-keto-DHEA, 7-oxo-DHEA), also known as 7-oxoprasterone, is a steroid prohormone produced by metabolism of the prohormone dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA).

## Pharmacodynamics

7-Keto-DHEA is not directly converted to testosterone or estrogen by the human body. Due to this fact, the suppliers of supplements have investigated it as a potentially more useful relative of the DHEA steroid when used as a supplementation, but the results are inconclusive.

## Unsubstantiated health claims

The benefits of 7-keto-DHEA supplementation are not definitively established. The health claims on potential weight loss benefits are not supported by solid evidence. The current evidence is mixed and limited by factors such as small sample sizes, short study durations, and a lack of diversity in the study populations. The safety profile of 7-keto-DHEA appears to be generally well-tolerated with a low side-effect profile, but changes in blood hormone parameters have been reported. Given these uncertainties, the potential benefits and safety of 7-keto-DHEA, particularly with long-term use, are not established. The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has not added 7-keto-DHEA to the list of bulk drug substances due to a lack of clinical evidence regarding its safety and efficacy.
In particular, 7-Keto-DHEA is marketed (also as 7-oxo-DHEA) to be more effective than DHEA for inducing heat production (thermogenesis) to be used in weight loss: because dieting is usually accompanied by reduced resting metabolic rate, obese persons may benefit from using 7-keto-DHEA when dieting due to increased metabolic rate. Still, these claimed benefits are not supported by solid evidence.
7-Keto-DHEA has also been marketed by alternative medicine providers as a treatment of adrenal fatigue, a pseudo-scientific term with no scholarly basis.

## Chemistry

7-keto-DHEA is a prohormone produced by metabolism of the prohormone dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA).
7-Keto-DHEA has a number of chemical names, including:
* 7-Ketodehydroepiandrosterone (7-keto-DHEA)
* 7-Oxodehydroepiandrosterone (7-oxo-DHEA)
* 7-Ketoprasterone
* 7-Oxoprasterone
* 3β-Hydroxyandrost-5-ene-7,17-dione
* Androst-5-en-3β-ol-7,17-dione
For the acetate ester:
* 3β-Acetoxyandrost-5-ene-7,17-dione
* 7-Oxo-dehydroepiandrosterone acetate (7-oxo-DHEA acetate)
* 3-Acetyl-7-oxo-dehydroepiandrosterone (3-acetyl-7-oxo-DHEA)
* DHEA acetate-7-one
* Δ$_5$-Androstene-3β-acetoxy-7,17-dione
Note: "Keto" can be substituted for "oxo" in the above names.

## Regulation

The FDA has proposed that 7-Keto-DHEA be included among substances banned from use in compounded drugs.
7-Keto-DHEA may trigger positive tests for performance-enhancing drugs.
The World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA) lists 7-keto-DHEA as a prohibited anabolic agent.
# Kozlov (Jihlava District)

Kozlov (Czech pronunciation:; German: Koslau) is a municipality and village in Jihlava District in the Vysočina Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 500 inhabitants.
It lies approximately 8 kilometres (5 mi) east of Jihlava and 120 kilometres (75 mi) south-east of Prague.

## History

The first written mention of Kozlov is a 1451 deed issued by the abbey of Třebíč.

## Notable people

* Matthias Sindelar (1903–1939), Austrian footballer
# Nonglaksana Dhasani Svastivatana

Princess Nonglaksana Dhasani Thai: นงลักษณ์ทัศนี; RTGS: Nonglak Thatsani complete title: Her Serene Highness Princess (Mom Chao) Nonglaksana Dhasani Svastivatana Thai: หม่อมเจ้านงลักษณ์ทัศนี สวัสดิวัตน์; RTGS: Nonglak Thatsani Sawatdiwat) is a Princess of Siam, a member of Siamese royal family and a member House of Svastivatana, a royal house which was originated by her father and descends from Chakri Dynasty and half-sister of Queen Rambhai Barni of Siam.
# Zorino, Polevskoy selsoviet, Kursky District, Kursk Oblast

Zorino (Russian: Зорино) is a rural locality (Russian: деревня, lit. 'village') in Polevskoy Selsoviet Rural Settlement, Kursky District, Kursk Oblast, Russia. Population: 63 (2010 Census); 66 (2002 Census);

## Geography

The village is located on the Seym River (a left tributary of the Desna), 104 km from the Russia–Ukraine border, 28 km south-east of the district center – the town Kursk, 5 km from the selsoviet center – Polevaya.

### Climate

Zorino has a warm-summer humid continental climate (Dfb in the Köppen climate classification).

## Transport

Zorino is located 7 km from the federal route P-298 (Kursk – Voronezh – P-22 "Kaspy" Highway; a part of the European route E38), 3 km from the road of regional importance 38K-019 (Kursk – Bolshoye Shumakovo – Polevaya via Lebyazhye), 5 km from the road 38K-014 (R-298 – Polevaya), on the road of intermunicipal significance 38H-299 (38K-014 – Demino), 4 km from the nearest railway halt Gutorovo (railway line Klyukva — Belgorod).
The rural locality is situated 27 km from Kursk Vostochny Airport, 107 km from Belgorod International Airport and 184 km from Voronezh Peter the Great Airport.