OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Khasansky District

Khasansky District (Russian: Хаса́нский райо́н) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the twenty-two in Primorsky Krai, Russia. It is located in the southwest of the krai, wedged between the Tumen River and the Peter the Great Gulf, and shares a border with both China and North Korea. The area of the district is 4,130.0 square kilometers (1,594.6 sq mi). Its administrative center is the urban locality (an urban-type settlement) of Slavyanka. Population: 35,541 (2010 Census); 37,459 (2002 Census); 43,709 (1989 Soviet census). The population of Slavyanka accounts for 39.5% of the district's total population.

## Nature

A significant part of the area is protected by the laws of Russia. The nature reserves include Kedrovaya Pad, established to protect the rare animals of South Primorye such as the Amur leopard, Siberian tiger, and Siberian Musk Deer; and the Far Eastern Marine Nature Reserve (1978), protecting the underwater world of the Peter the Great Gulf, including more than two thousand species of invertebrate animals (such as sea cucumber), approximately three hundred fish species, and larga seals.

## Economy

Fishery and ship repair dominate the district's economy. Mariculture development, medical sanitary bases establishment, and high class tourism development are considered to have potential here. Agriculture is specialized in breeding of animals for furs.
There are deposits of precious metals and construction sand, and Gusevskoye Deposit of porcelain stone which is used by the Porcelain of Primorye Works in the district.
There are several sea ports: Posyet, Zarubino, and Slavyanka, with transport passages to China and North Korea. The urban-type settlement of Khasan near Lake Khasan has a border crossing between Russia and North Korea.

## Partnership

* Sokcho, South Korea
# Lake Panorama, Iowa

Lake Panorama is a census-designated place located in Cass Township and Victory Township in Guthrie County, Iowa, United States. In the 2020 census the population was 1266.
It is located in east-central Guthrie County and is bordered to the southeast by the city of Panora. The CDP is a residential community on both sides of Lake Panorama, a reservoir constructed on the Middle Raccoon River.
According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the Lake Panorama CDP has a total area of 8.3 square miles (21.5 km$^2$), of which 6.6 square miles (17.1 km$^2$) are land, and 1.7 square miles (4.3 km$^2$), or 20.19%, are within Lake Panorama, the water body.

## Demographics
### 2020 census

As of the census of 2020, there were 1,266 people, 588 households, and 411 families residing in the community. The population density was 191.5 inhabitants per square mile (73.9/km$^2$). There were 1,140 housing units at an average density of 172.4 per square mile (66.6/km$^2$). The racial makeup of the community was 97.1% White, 0.2% Black or African American, 0.1% Native American, 0.0% Asian, 0.0% Pacific Islander, 0.6% from other races and 2.1% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino persons of any race comprised 0.8% of the population.
Of the 588 households, 13.6% of which had children under the age of 18 living with them, 66.5% were married couples living together, 3.1% were cohabitating couples, 16.5% had a female householder with no spouse or partner present and 13.9% had a male householder with no spouse or partner present. 30.1% of all households were non-families. 27.6% of all households were made up of individuals, 17.2% had someone living alone who was 65 years old or older.
The median age in the community was 57.8 years. 16.4% of the residents were under the age of 20; 2.4% were between the ages of 20 and 24; 14.1% were from 25 and 44; 32.8% were from 45 and 64; and 34.4% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the community was 48.1% male and 51.9% female.

## Local traditions

The Annual Merryman Broomball Tournament is a broomball tournament that takes place annually between December and February on Lake Panorama, Iowa.
# Ladadika

Ladadika (Greek: Λαδάδικα) is the name of a historic district and a landmark area of the city of Thessaloniki, Greece.
It is located near the Port of Thessaloniki and for centuries was one of the most important marketplaces of the city. Its name came about from the many olive oil shops in the area. Many Jews of the city were living there, while the so-called "Frankish district" (Frankomahala [bg]), with the French/Italian merchants and residents, was located beside.
In the years before World War I it made up the red light district, with the area starting to host many brothels. In 1985, Ladakika was listed as a heritage site by the Ministry of Culture. Its notable architectural style with 19th-century buildings is preserved and protected.
Nowadays, having undergone gentrification in the 1980s, Ladadika forms the entertainment district of the city, hosting bars, nightclubs, restaurants, and pubs in what used to be old oil stores and merchant warehouses, which spill out into a network of pedestrianized streets and small squares, like Morichovou Square, a popular place for tourists.

## Criticism

"The modernisation of commerce in the 19th century generated the replenishment of the typology of the markets and the stores. Ladadika, the market in the area of the harbour, is a characteristic example. It is a distinctive unit, which is differentiated from the surroundings (the basic core is surrounded by Tsimiski, Salaminas, Kountourioti and I. Dragoumi Streets), as it preserved to great extent the features of its original urban and architectural structure, despite the considerable change of use during the recent years, while the stores were converted into contemporary recreation centres as well as the so called ambiguous "embellishing" interventions of the owners and the municipality." "After the 1978 earthquake and the early 1980s, most of these heterogeneous buildings, the warehouses and shops where olive oil, spices and other foodstuffs were formerly traded - premises that later hosted scores of brothels - were gradually abandoned and the area degenerated into third-world conditions. It was then that the first thoughts were expressed on the overall regeneration, which commenced in the early 1990s. Fortunately, the buildings were saved from demolition due to possible changes in the street system, but the logic of tasteless stage set was adopted. In just a few years the wider area was turned into a "fun park" of dubious aesthetics, as the traditional functions of trade, typical of the harbour marketplace, had been curtailed to the minimum."

## Gallery

* Katouni Street
* Matarasso building (stock exchange)
* Errera mansion
# Geoff Rothwell

Squadron Leader Geoffrey Maurice Rothwell DFC and Bar (3 April 1920 – 5 November 2017) was a Royal Air Force bomber pilot during the Second World War who flew more than 70 missions over occupied Europe including dropping secret agents at their rendezvous.
# Iraq at the 1968 Summer Olympics

Iraq competed at the 1968 Summer Olympics in Mexico City, Mexico. Three competitors, all men, took part in four events in three sports.

## Cycling

One cyclist represented Iraq in 1968.

### Individual road race

* George Artin — DNF (→ no ranking)

## Weightlifting

Lightweight
* Zuhair Mansoor
   * Press — 122.5 kg
   * Snatch — 110.0 kg
   * Jerk — 155.0 kg
   * Total — 387.5 kg (→ 11th place)

## Wrestling

Men's Greco-Roman featherweight (63 kg)
* Ismail Al Karaghouli
   * Round 1 — fought Roman Rurua of the USSR
   * Round 2 — DNS
Men's freestyle featherweight (63 kg)
* Ismail Al Karaghouli
   * Round 1 — fought José García of Guatemala
   * Round 2 — fought Todorov Enio of Bulgaria
   * Round 3 — fought José Ramos of Cuba
   * Round 4 — fought Jozsef Rusznyak of Hungary
# Petros Garoufalias

Petros Garoufalias (Greek: Πέτρος Γαρουφαλιάς, 1901 – September 17, 1984) was a Greek politician and businessman, and President of the Fix Beer Company. He was a major financial backer of Prime Minister Georgios Papandreou, under whom he served as Minister of Defense. However, in 1965 he was heavily involved in the events known as the "Apostasy", which led to the fall of the Center Union government.

## Life

Born in Arta in 1901, Garoufalias came from a prominent family of the Arta region; his ancestor Nikolaos Garoufalias was a member of Filiki Eteria and had fought in the Greek War of Independence in the 1820s. His father, Evangelos Garoufalias, had served as Mayor of Arta and as Member of Parliament.
Garoufalias graduated from the Law School of Athens University and earned post-graduate degrees in Commercial Law and Economics in Berlin and Paris.
He served as a Member of Parliament for Arta Prefecture, and was closely associated with Georgios Papandreou. With Papandreou's help, Garoufalias was named Minister of Public Order, Minister of the Interior and Deputy Minister of National Economy (Coordination) in the centrist governments of 1950–52, under Prime Ministers Nikolaos Plastiras and Sophoklis Venizelos (Papandreou himself was Deputy Prime Minister).
He married Marianthi Fix, widow of industrialist Ioannis Fix, and thus inherited the Fix Beer Company. George Papandreou was best man at the wedding.
Garoufalias was named Greek Minister of Defense in the third Papandreou government, from February 1964 to July 1965. He clashed with the Prime Minister's son, Andreas Papandreou (also a minister in the government) over the control of the Greek military; Garoufalias took the side of the King in the events known as the "Apostasy", which contributed to the downfall of the government, a deep political crisis and, eventually, to the imposition of the dictatorial Regime of the Colonels.
In his 1982 book "Greece and Cyprus: Tragic Mistakes, Lost Opportunities, February 19, 1964 – July 15, 1965", Garoufalias claimed that the Greek Army division that was secretly dispatched to Cyprus in 1964 was his idea, an opinion vociferously rejected by Andreas Papandreou, who maintained that Garoufalias's role on Cyprus was very limited, and that he merely followed orders, without even being invited to the most important meetings.
Garoufalias died on September 17, 1984, aged 83.
# Berželė

Berželė (formerly Polish: Berżałka, Russian: Бержалка) is a village in Kėdainiai district municipality, in Kaunas County, central Lithuania. According to the 2011 census, the village has a population of 47 people.

## Geography

Berželė is located 3 km to the South from town of Surviliškis, near the road which connects Kėdainiai and Krekenava. Also there are local road to Šlapaberžė. The small rivulet of Kruostas crosses the village. It is a right tributary of the Nevėžis River. There is the Kalnaberžė forest to the West from Berželė.

## History

Berželė village was mentioned first time in 1572.

## Etymology

The name Berželė comes from a Lithuanian name beržas for a birch tree. Once, a large birch forest covered the area and a lot of locations were named with the root berž-, like Kalnaberžė, Šlapaberžė, Beržai, Paberžė.

## Demography

| Year | Pop. | ±% p.a. |
| 1902 | 105 | — |
| 1923 | 94 | −0.53% |
| 1959 | 76 | −0.59% |
| 1970 | 79 | +0.35% |
| 1979 | 110 | +3.75% |
| Year | Pop. | ±% p.a. |
| 1984 | 95 | −2.89% |
| 1989 | 61 | −8.48% |
| 2001 | 53 | −1.16% |
| 2011 | 47 | −1.19% |
Source: 1902, 1923, 1959 & 1970, 1979, 1989, 2001, 2011 :

## Images

* Roadsign
* The road to Šlapaberžė through Berželė
* Central part
* A solitary homestead of Berželė
* A solitary homestead of Berželė
# The Twelve Inch Mixes

The Twelve Inch Mixes is a compilation album by Spandau Ballet. It was released on 30 June 1986 by Chrysalis Records. The collection is composed of the band's 12" single recordings released between 1980 and 1984, some of which were ballads that were not remixed from their original studio album presentation.

## Commercial performance

The Twelve Inch Mixes reached number 98 in Australia.

## Critical reception

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
Dave Thompson of AllMusic described the compilation as "immensely enjoyable". He wrote, "The album, like the band, is at its best in the early years, while Spandau still took their status as Britain's finest club funk band seriously," and that "the balladic successes of 'Gold', 'True', and 'Only When You Leave' do much to detract from the sheer genius of those early hits, although their own brilliance cannot be disavowed."

## Track listing
### Double LP

All tracks are written by Gary Kemp and taken from the 12" single recordings.

### Japanese 2CD
## Charts

| Chart (1987) | Peak position |
| Australia (Kent Music Report) | 98 |
# Governor General's Special Warrants

Governor General's Special Warrants (French: Mandats spéciaux du gouverneur général) are documents authorizing Canada's President of the Treasury Board to spend money appropriated by Parliament. The Governor General may also issue a special warrant which allows the government to spend funds without an appropriation from Parliament. A special warrant may only be issued when money is "urgently needed" after Parliament has been dissolved and until sixty days after the dates set for the return of election writs.
Until 1997, when an act sponsored by Peter Milliken received royal assent, special warrants were available whenever Parliament was not is session, including adjournments and prorogations. Milliken had introduced similar bills since 1989 in response to the use of special warrants in 1988. Parliament convened in December 1988 and adjourned quickly without considering appropriations. During the adjournment and subsequent prorogation, the government resorted to special warrants to fund operations. The issue was raised in both chambers after Parliament returned.
# Allan Memorial Institute

The Allan Memorial Institute (AMI; French: Institut Allan Memorial), also known colloquially as "the Allan", is a former psychiatric hospital and research institute located at 1025 Pine Avenue West in Montreal, Canada.
It is situated on the slope of Mount Royal on the McGill University downtown campus in what was the Golden Square Mile of Montreal. It is named in memory of Sir Hugh Allan, whose former mansion, Ravenscrag, it occupies.
The Allan Memorial's emergency room and use as an active psychiatric hospital ceased in 2015, when a new, modern psychiatry department was opened at the Montreal General Hospital.
The building currently houses outpatient psychiatric services for Montreal General Hospital, part of the McGill University Health Centre.
The institute is also known for its role in the CIA's Project MKUltra, an initiative to develop drug-induced mind control. MKUltra experimentation was undertaken at the institute between 1957 and 1964 by its founding director, Donald Ewen Cameron.
# Saudi Arabia at the 1972 Summer Olympics

Saudi Arabia competed in the Olympic Games for the first time at the 1972 Summer Olympics in Munich, West Germany.

## Results by events
### Athletics

Men's 100 metres
* Mansour Farhan Al-Gegd
   * First Heat — 11.23s (→ did not advance)
Men's 1500 metres
* Naser Al-Safraa
   * Heat — 4:14.5 (→ did not advance)
Men's 5000 metres
* Abdallah Rouei Al-Mabrouk
   * Heat — 13:51.0 (→ did not advance)
Men's 4 × 100 m Relay
* Mohamed Al-Dosary, Mansour Farhan Al-Gegd, Bilal Said, and Saad Khalil Al-Dosary
   * Heat — 43.35s (→ did not advance)
# Kofia (hat)

The kofia is a type of brimless cylindrical headwear with a flat top, typically worn by Muslim men. It is closely related to the Omani Kuma. The kofia is a sign of peace, mourning and renewal, as well as protection of one's mind. Many believe that they are a symbol of a man's Islamic identity and are worn as a sign of reverence for Allah.

## Description

The Kofia, a traditional headwear in Somalia, is a round headdress with no brim and a flat crown. It is intricately crafted from woven colored cloth adorned with embroidered patterns in a variety of hues. This cap features small circular perforations incorporated into the fabric, serving both as a decorative element and a functional design to promote airflow and ventilation.
As an essential component of the Somali traditional attire for men, the Kofia is commonly donned as part of everyday dressing, embodying cultural significance and heritage. Its widespread usage in Somalia underscores its cultural importance and sartorial relevance, highlighting its role as a symbol of identity and tradition within the Somali community.
In November 27, 1962 during his state visit to the White House, Prime Mininister of the Somali Republic, Dr. Abdirashid Ali Shermarke, presented a Kofia to President Kennedy as gift.

## Related headwear
### Omani Kuma

A Kuma (كمة) is a rounded Omani cap traditionally worn by men. It is flat on the top with the rim folded inwards, and is often white decorated with various ornate colourful designs. It is specially sized (as opposed to one size fits all) and has small holes throughout the embroidery which help keep the head cool in the hot Omani sun. It is frequently worn as day-to-day attire

### East African Kofi

The kofi is worn Swahili men in East Africa, especially in Kenya, Uganda, Tanzania, Malawi, and north and coast of Mozambique along with the eastern part of Democratic Republic of Congo. It is also commonly worn in Oman and is popular in Comoros. The kofi is often worn with a dashiki, a colorful African shirt which is called a kitenge shirt in some regions of East Africa. In Uganda, the kofia is worn with the kanzu (a white or cream-coloured tunic) on informal occasions. Jomo Kenyatta, the first President of Kenya, was often photographed wearing a kofia.

### Bargashia

In Zanzibar, and Northern Uganda, the Bargashia is a popular hat. This hat was named after Barghash bin Said of Zanzibar, the former Sultan of Zanzibar. Unlike the kofia, it is covered in embroidery and does not have pin holes. Like the kofia, the bargashia is worn with the kanzu.

### Fez

The fez is also worn with the kanzu and dashiki in East Africa. The East African style has a tassel that hangs from the top of the hat. The red fez was introduced into the region by the military. During British colonial rule of East Africa, the red fez was worn by a regiment called the King's African Rifles. The fez is also worn in West Africa, but the West African version has a stem on top of the hat, and no tassel.
The Cape Malays in Cape Town, South Africa, whose menfolk wear fezzes, sometimes refer to the fez as a kofia (also spelt kofija).
# M27 (Durban)

The M27 also known as Jabu Ngcobo Drive or Old Inanda Road is a metropolitan route in the eThekwini Metropolitan Municipality, South Africa linking Inanda to Verulam and eMdloti, north of Durban.

## Route

The M27 begins at the intersection with the M25 (Mafukuzela Highway; to Inanda and KwaMashu) and Mazwezulu Road (to Osidisweni) just outside Inanda. It runs eastward towards the coast, passing through sugarcane fields and the rural areas of Buffelsdraai and Redcliffe before reaching Verulam.
It then intersects the R102 (Gopalall Hurbans Road; to oThongathi and Mount Edgecombe) south of Verulam’s CBD, then turns right onto Ireland Street, continuing through Verulam and the nearby township of Waterloo. The route meanders through rolling sugarcane plantations fields, intersects the N2 highway (to King Shaka International Airport, KwaDukuza and Durban) at Exit 190 and shortly after meets the M4 highway (Leo Boyd Highway; to Ballito and uMhlanga). Finally, it passes the Sibaya Coastal Precinct and terminates at the traffic circle with North/South Beach Road in eMdloti.

## History

In 2008, it was proposed that the road be named after Jabu Ngcobo, who worked with the ANC. The eThekwiki Municipality assumed maintenance of the road from the KZN Department of Transport in 2017, following driver concerns that the road was not properly maintained. In 2019, there were more concerns expressed about the number of potholes on the road and the lack of response from the KZN Department of Transport. In 2021, a resident expressed concerns that streetlights on Jabu Ngcobo Road not working were contributing to crime in the area.
# Prin

Prin (Greek: Πριν, meaning "Before") is a weekly newspaper, published in Athens and circulating nationwide. Prin is published by the New Left Current, although it is not strictly the newspaper of the party.

## History

Prin started as a monthly magazine, published by members of the Communist Party of Greece. Shortly after the secession of several members of the Central Committee, that led to the foundation of the New Left Current, Prin was transformed into a weekly newspaper on 18 March 1990.

## Content

Prin is organised in several sections as following:
* Politics: Includes permanent columns and commentary on the current political situation
* Iconoclasts (Greek: Εικονοκλάστες): A two-page analysis of a political, economic or ideological issue
* Prinidon: Small comments of the political situation
* Opinions (Greek: Απόψεις): Articles of associates plus analysis of the Political line of the New Left Current
* The other side (Greek: Η άλλη όψη): A two-page article on a historic or ideological issue.
* Τimeliness (Greek: Επικαιρότητα): Announcement of political events plus a permanent column of socioeconomic commentary.
* Interview: An interview of a political figure, most commonly not associated with the New Left Current
* Society (Greek: Κοινωνία): Articles on social issues
* Workers (Greek: Εργαζόμενοι): News of trade unions most commonly elections, strikes and demonstrations.
* Ideas (Greek: Κίνηση ιδεών): Articles of independent left militants or other political organisations.
* Culture
* International

## Motto

Newspaper of the Independent Left (Greek: Εφημερίδα της ανεξάρτητης Αριστεράς)
# Rio Declaration on Environment and Development

The Rio Declaration on Environment and Development, often shortened to Rio Declaration, was a short document produced at the 1992 United Nations Conference on Environment and Development (UNCED), informally known as the Earth Summit. The Rio Declaration consisted of 27 principles intended to guide countries in future sustainable development. It was signed by over 175 countries.

## History

The Rio Conference, which adopted the Declaration, took place from 3 to 14 June 1992. Subsequently, the international community has met twice to assess the progress made in implementing the principles of the document; first in New York City in 1997 during a General Assembly Session of the UN, and then in Johannesburg in 2002. While the document helped to raise environmental awareness, evidence from 2007 suggested that little of the document's environmental goals had at that time been achieved.

## Content

Referring to the "integral and interdependent nature of the Earth, "our home", the Rio Declaration proclaims 27 principles. The first principle states that sustainable development primarily concerns human beings, who are entitled to live healthy and productive lives in harmony with nature. Article 11 creates an expectation that states will enact environmental legislation. Further articles include formulations of the precautionary principle, which should be "widely applied by states according to their capabilities" (principle 15), and of the polluter pays principle, which states are encouraged to adopt where it is in the public interest to do so and it will not distort international trade and investment (principle 16). The final principle invites fulfillment of the other principles in a spirit of good faith.
The Rio Declaration expresses a positive view of traditional ecological knowledge.$^{:132}$