OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Kosmos 356

Kosmos 356 (Russian: Космос 356 meaning Cosmos 356), also known as DS-U2-MG No.2, was a Soviet satellite which was launched in 1970 as part of the Dnepropetrovsk Sputnik programme. It was a 357-kilogram (787 lb) spacecraft, which was built by the Yuzhnoye Design Bureau, and was used to investigate the magnetic poles of the Earth.

## Launch

A Kosmos-2I 63SM carrier rocket was used to launch Kosmos 356 into low Earth orbit. The launch took place from Site 133/1 at the Plesetsk Cosmodrome. The launch occurred at 19:59:55 UTC on 10 August 1970, and resulted in the successful insertion of the satellite into orbit. Upon reaching orbit, the satellite was assigned its Kosmos designation, and received the International Designator 1970-059A. The North American Aerospace Defense Command assigned it the catalogue number 04487.

## Orbit

Kosmos 356 was the second of two DS-U2-MG satellites to be launched, after Kosmos 321. It was operated in an orbit with a perigee of 226 kilometres (140 mi), an apogee of 548 kilometres (341 mi), 81.9 degrees of inclination, and an orbital period of 92.3 minutes, before decaying from orbit and reentering the atmosphere on 2 October 1970.
# Hermann Castle

Hermann Castle, also known as the Narva castle or Narva fortress, is a medieval castle in the city of Narva, in northeastern Estonia. The castle was established around 1256, when the area was part of the Danish Realm. The first entirely stone fortifications were built in the beginning of the 14th century. The Livonian branch of the Teutonic Order purchased the castle in August 1346, and owned it for much of its later history.

## Medieval fortifications

The Kingdom of Denmark, having conquered northern Estonia in the 13th century, established a border stronghold, initially built of wood, at the intersection of the Narva river and an old road in the mid-13th century. Under the protection of the stronghold, which is first mentioned in writing in 1256, the earlier settlement developed into the town of Narva, which obtained the Lübeck town rights in the first half of the 14th century.
Following several conflicts with the neighbouring East Slavic states of Novgorod and Pskov, the Danish rulers started building a stone stronghold at the beginning of the 14th century as a border defense. It was initially a small castellum-like building with 40-meter-tall (130 ft) sides and a tower, the predecessor of today's Hermann Tower, at its northwestern corner.
At the beginning of the 14th century, a small forecourt was established at the north side of the stronghold and, in the middle of the century, a large forecourt was added to the west side, where citizens were allowed to hide in case of war, as the town of Narva was not surrounded by a wall during Danish rule.
In 1346, King Valdemar IV of Denmark sold northern Estonia, including Narva, to the Livonian Order, who rebuilt the building into a convent building according to their needs. The stronghold has for the most part preserved the original ground plan, with its massive wings and a courtyard in the middle.
The Hermann Tower was also completed by the Livonian Order, necessitated by the establishment of the Ivangorod fortress by Muscovite Russia on the opposite side of the Narva river in 1492. The Order surrounded the town with a fortified wall, which has not been preserved (it was ordered to be demolished in 1777).
The wall is described as having had four gates: the "Viru gate" in the west, the "Herd gate" in the north, the "Old gate" leading to the river port in the east, and the "Water gate" (or "Small gate") in the south. The gates were covered with iron plates and preceded by drawbridges. The town wall, with a length of roughly a kilometer, was fortified with at least seven towers, and was surrounded by a moat.
Towards the end of the rule of the Livonian Order in the 16th century, the town wall was supplemented, the gates were strengthened by adding foregates, and several wall towers were adapted to use as special cannon towers or rondels, two of which can be seen today in their reconstructed shape in the corners of the castle's western court.
# National Museum of Somalia

The National Museum of Somalia (Somali: Matxafka Qarankais, Arabic: متحف وطني للصومال Mathaf Watani lil-Sumal, Italian: Museo Nazionale della Somalia) is a national museum in Mogadishu, the capital of Somalia. It was established in 1933 by the colonial authorities in Italian Somaliland. After shutting down operations in 1991, it later reopened, and presently houses a number of important historical artifacts. In September 2019, the museum was rebuilt; almost 30 years after its destruction.

## Old Garesa Museum

The National Museum of Somalia is housed in a two-storey building that dates back to 1872. It was built at the request of the Omani Sultan of Zanzibar, Barghash ibn Sa'id, as a residence (called Garesa) for the then Governor of Mogadishu, Suleiman bin Hamed, after he had received permission from the Somali Sultan Ahmed Yusuf of the Geledi Sultanate.
In 1933, the building was totally reconstructed and adapted to the Somalia Museum (Museo della Somalia). It was the most important cultural place in Italian Mogadiscio.
The "Museo della Garesa" (as was called by the Italian colonists) was officially opened to the public the next year by Governor Maurizio Rava. The museum suffered heavy damages during World War II.
After the independence of Somalia in 1960 it was turned into a National Museum. When the National Museum was moved in 1985 it was renamed to the old Garesa Museum (Museo della Garesa) and converted to a regional museum.

## National Museum

In 1985, the Mogadishu cultural center opened. The center the consisted of the National Theater, National Library and the National Museum. The National Museum's architecture shows Islamic influences and consists of a main building with four exhibition floors. To the north is a rectangular four storied building where technical and administrative offices where located. The director-general on the opening of the museum was Ahmed Farah Warsame.

### Exhibitions

The exhibition rooms were opened in May 1987.
* Ground floor: Archaeological and Ethnolographical Exhibitions.
* First floor: Historical Exhibition: Colonial Resistance and Post-Independence.
* Second floor: Historical Arms and, modern Army Exhibitions, Language and Literature.
* Third floor: Temporary Exhibits.

### Closure

Following the start of the civil war in 1991, the museum closed down. Its infrastructure incurred significant damage in the ensuing years.

## New National Museum

The National Museum subsequently reopened. As of January 2014, it holds many culturally important artefacts. Among these are old coins, bartering tools, traditional artwork, ancient weaponry and pottery items.
# S. Shanmuganathan (Sri Lankan politician)

Sarawanabavanandan Shanmuganathan (16 May 1960 – 15 July 1998; known as Vasanthan) was a Sri Lankan Tamil militant, politician and Member of Parliament.
Shanmuganathan was born on 16 May 1960. He was a Hindu. He was a senior member of the militant People's Liberation Organisation of Tamil Eelam, serving as its commander in Vavuniya.
Shanmuganathan was member of Vavuniya Urban Council. He contested the 1994 parliamentary election as one of the Democratic People's Liberation Front's candidates in Vanni District and was elected to Parliament.
Shanmuganathan was killed by a claymore mine in Irambaikkulam, Vavuniya District on 15 July 1998. The assassination was blamed on the rival rebel Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam. However, the pro-LTTE TamilNet claimed that Shanmuganathan had been the victim of an internal conflict within the PLOTE.
# Key West Cemetery

The Key West Cemetery (officially, Historic Key West City Cemetery) is a 19-acre (77,000 m$^2$) cemetery at the foot of Solares Hill on the island of Key West, Florida, United States.
It is estimated that as many as 100,000 people are buried there, many more than the 30,000 residents who currently live on the island.
It is in the northwest section of the Old Town area of the island.

## History

In 1847 it was established at its current location after an 1846 hurricane washed dead bodies from the earlier cemetery out of the coastal sand dunes on Whitehead Point near the West Martello Towers. An African Memorial Cemetery was dedicated beside the West Martello Tower in 2009. Slaves, ill from the sea voyage to slavery in "The New World," were buried there prior to the US Civil War.
In 2005, the cemetery was among those profiled in the PBS documentary A Cemetery Special.
One headstone has a birthdate of 1792. Another records a death in 1843.

## Notable grave sites

* “Sloppy” Joe Russell (1889-1941)
* B.P. “Pearl” Roberts (1929-1979) - “I Told you I was Sick.”
* Gloria M. Russell (1926-2000) - “I’m just resting my eyes.”
* Miriam Albury (1882-1933) - Stuffed bunny on the grave for 14+ years
* Maria Elena Milagro de Hoyos (1909-1931), a local beauty during 1920s, grave unmarked due to her infamous grave robbing by Carl Tanzler, a German radiology technician who had an obsession with her

## Gallery

* "A los martires de cuba" Section for Cuban independence fighters in the Ten Years' War
* Battleship Maine memorial section
* Area containing Confederate Navy sailors' graves
* Historic Angel grave marker
* Some newer graves are put in above-ground vaults, similar to the cemeteries in New Orleans, since the space for below-ground burials has become increasingly limited.
* Many older graves date back to the mid-1800s and are weathered, broken and\or illegible.
* Grave of the Secretary General of the Conch Republic: Sir Peter Anderson
* Grave of a deer belonging to a Key West family
# Aliabad, Bandar Abbas

Aliabad (Persian: علي اباد, also Romanized as ‘Alīābād) is a village in Fin Rural District, Fin District, Bandar Abbas County, Hormozgan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 115, in 27 families.
# Sri Lanka's Secrets: How the Rajapaksa Regime Gets Away with Murder

Sri Lanka's Secrets: How the Rajapaksa Regime Gets Away with Murder is a 2014 book written by Australian writer, veteran journalist and activist Trevor Grant, examining the various forms of genocide perpetuated on Tamil people by the Sri Lankan government and the complicity of international establishments.
Grant who had worked closely with torture victims and other persecuted asylum seekers, presents the extent of Sinhalese chauvinism in power in Colombo, and the evil complicity of establishments in New Delhi, Washington and Westminster that allowed and assisted a brutal regime to slaughter tens of thousands of innocent people and then carry on with its genocidal plan.
The book features about 90 pages of photographic evidence and many eyewitness accounts. The book is published by Monash University Publishing with a foreword by eminent human rights lawyer Geoffrey Robertson.

## Synopsis

Sri Lanka’s Secrets, which is illustrated with graphic photos of the war and its aftermath, has poignant eyewitness accounts of survivors who experienced the war.
# Mary Runnells Bird

Mary Adelaide Runnells Bird (August 21, 1870 – August 31, 1961) was a Canadian physician, described as "one of Canada's first women doctors", and a military hospital surgeon in England during World War I.

## Early life and education

Runnells was born near Granby, Quebec, the daughter of George W. Runnells and Sarah Edmonds Runnells. As a child, she worked in the cotton mills of Ludlow, Massachusetts to help pay the mortgage on her family's farm. She attended a school in Acton Vale, and graduated from Granby Academy. As a young woman she was encouraged by American physician Jane Elizabeth Hoyt-Stevens to pursue a medical education. Hoyt-Stevens also paid her first-year expenses at Bishop's Medical College in Montreal. Runnells completed her medical degree in 1900. She later held an ad eundum medical degree from McGill University, when her medical school became part of McGill.

## Career

During World War I, Bird was house surgeon at the private Egginton Hall Hospital in England, established by Ethel Innes Dugdale, where she treated British "wounded men fresh from the trenches." After the war, she was an assistant medical officer in charge of maternal health and child welfare for the City of Derby. In 1923, the Birds moved back to Canada, where she was on the staff of Montreal General Hospital, and an attendant doctor for the YWCA. She lectured on preventive medicine, vaccinations, and addiction topics.

## Personal life

Runnells married Englishman Charles Glover Bird in 1905, and moved to England. Her husband died in 1954. She died in Hudson, Quebec in 1961, at the age of 91.
# 1948 Salta earthquake

The 1948 Salta earthquake took place in the Argentinian province of Salta on 25 August at 03:09:28 local time The shock was 7.0 on the moment magnitude scale and had a maximum Mercalli Intensity of IX (Violent). Property damage and casualties occurred in several towns in the east and southeast of Salta, and also in northern Tucumán and Jujuy, affecting the capitals of both. It was the last major earthquake recorded in the Argentine Northwest until the 2010 Salta earthquake.
# Jean-Jacques Eigeldinger

Jean-Jacques Eigeldinger (born 9 March 1940) is a Swiss musicologist. He became known through his activities as a juror and publications on Chopin.

## Life

Born in Neuchâtel, Eigeldinger studied at the University of Neuchâtel, the Sorbonne and the Conservatoire de Musique de Genève.
From 1976 to 1981 he taught at the Jacques-Dalcroze Institute in Geneva and from 1978 to 1983 at the Conservatoire de musique de Genève. He also taught as a guest lecturer at the École normale supérieure in Paris and at the Université Laval in Quebec City. He is a retired professor at the University of Geneva, where he has worked since 1981. He was one of the founders of the Swiss Musicological Society and long-serving editor-in-chief of the Revue musicale in Romansh-speaking Switzerland.
In 1984 Eigeldinger received the Order of Merit of the Polish Minister of Culture. In 2001 the International Chopin Foundation awarded him the Chopin Prize. He was also a juror of the International Chopin Piano Competition.
Eigeldinger's teaching interests focus on the history of esthetics and interpretation of the 18th and 19th centuries music. His numerous works on Chopin include studies on Chopin's compositions and stylistic devices (Préludes) and contributions to the composer's biography. Eigeldinger is also the editor of texts dealing with Chopin's work as a piano teacher.
In 1993 Eigeldinger published Chopin's sketches for a piano teaching method. In his book Chopin vu par ses élèves (1970), which contains the first complete English translation of the Entwurfs einer Methode, he collected extensive material from Chopin's students and sources from Chopin himself on the piano playing technique and the interpretation of his music.
Together with John Rink and Jim Samson, Eigeldinger is preparing a new critical edition of Chopin's entire oeuvre.
In September 2001 he was appointed to the program committee of the Warsaw Fryderyk Chopin Institute.

## Publications

* Chopin vu par ses élèves, Neuchâtel: La Baconniére, 1970; revised new edition Paris: Fayard, 2006, ISBN 2-213-62916-1 – English translation under the title Chopin: pianist and teacher – as seen by his pupils, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1986, ISBN 0-521-24159-6
* Solange Clésinger, Frédéric Chopin. Souvenir inédits, published by Jean-Jacques Eigeldinger, in: Revue musicale de Suisse romande, Jg. 31 (1978), p. 224–238
* L'univers musical de Chopin, Paris: Fayard, 2000, ISBN 2-213-60751-6
* Chopin et Pleyel, Paris: Fayard, 2010, ISBN 978-2-213-61922-4
* Chopin, âme des salons parisiens: 1830–1848, Paris: Fayard, 2013, ISBN 978-2-213-67243-4
* Jean-Joseph-Bonaventure Laurens et ses pèlerinages musicaux en Allemagne 1841–1853, in: Musique, Images, Instruments. Revue française d’organologie et d’iconographie musicale, Jg. 16 (2016), p. 11–54
# Michèle Alfa

Michèle Alfa (born Joséphine Blanche Alfreda Bassignot; August 20, 1911 – August 24, 1987) was a French stage and film actress. After appearing mainly in supporting roles during the 1930s she starred in a number of films during the 1940s.
During the German occupation of France she became the lover of a German propaganda officer stationed in Paris. She used her influence to secure the release of fellow actor Charles de Rochefort from an internment camp. She also hid leaders of the French Resistance.

## Selected filmography

* The Beautiful Adventure (1932)
* Ramuntcho (1938)
* Lights of Paris (1938)
* Peace on the Rhine (1938)
* Adrienne Lecouvreur (1938)
* Le Corsaire (1939)
* Prince Bouboule (1939)
* The Pavilion Burns (1941)
* The Last of the Six (1941)
* The Woman I Loved Most (1942)
* Le Lit à colonnes (1942)
* The Snow on the Footsteps (1942)
* Home Port (1943)
* The Secret of Madame Clapain (1943)
* Jeannou (1943)
* The Man Who Sold His Soul (1943)
* The Count of Monte Cristo (1943)
* The Secret of Madame Clapain (1944)
* Chinese Quarter (1947)
* Dark Sunday (1948)
* Judicial Error (1948)
* The Winner's Circle (1950)
* Matrimonial Agency (1952)
# Students Federation for Freedom of Tamil Eelam

Students Federation for Freedom of Tamil Eelam is the student federation in Tamil Nadu in India which initiated 2013 Anti-Sri Lanka protests in Tamil Nadu. Its objective is to create free Tamil Eelam.
It demanded India to boycott 2013 CHOGM summit in Sri Lanka. It protested against the BJP's invitation to Sri Lankan President Mahinda Rajapaksa in the swearing-in ceremony of Narendra Modi.
# Are We Men or Corporals?

Are We Men or Corporals? (Italian: Siamo uomini o caporali) is a 1955 Italian comedy film directed by Camillo Mastrocinque.

## Plot

Toto is very good at acting, and so he is called in a study to be in a film. However he combines a mess and is offended by the director. Tired of the abuse of those most powerful, Toto tells him the story to the director, to let him know that he is wrong.
These are the years of the Second World War, and Toto is imprisoned in a concentration camp, suffering the harassment of Colonel Hammler, a Nazi cruel and despotic. Toto suffers patiently all the wrongs that the powerful general administers him, and he's just waiting to get out of the containment field. When the war ends, Toto is taken in a theater company, but immediately he argues with the director, because he is a vulgar American who likes women, and that he is in love with Sonia, the dear friend of Toto. Indeed Toto hopes that one day the woman asks him to marry her, but this lucky day does not come.
When Toto is hunted by the theater company for beating his director, things are looking bad for him, because Toto is penniless. And so he agrees to do an extra in a movie. Now that Toto leaves the studio shooting, again he meets his old girlfriend Sonia, but she's married the director of theater...

## Distribution
### Censorship

Italy in the 1950s had taken on the law of 1923, without having made any major changes. The scripts were delivered by the film producers, before the film began. The reasons are understandable: to avoid the damage caused by any censorship or by having hurt the susceptibility of part of the political class of government and opposition.
We are men or corporals, despite the cuts, if read carefully, it retains the strength of satire. There are numerous deleted scenes, both those of "naked ladies, semi-undressed models" but also of phrases such as: "these ministers (...) are ugly, ugly expressions, ugly faces"; while the phrase "it was better when it was worse" managed to survive in the final version of the film.

## Cast

* Totò: Totò Esposito
* Paolo Stoppa: The Corporal
* Fiorella Mari: Sonia
* Mara Werlen: Mimì
* Sylva Koscina: Aspiring actress
* Nerio Bernardi: Psychoanalyst
* Vincent Barbi [it]: Mr. Black's Secretary
* Gino Buzzanca: Director
* Loris Gizzi: Tenor
* Giacomo Furia: Nerone
* Franca Faldini: Gabriella
* Rosita Pisano: Filomena Ossobuco
* Vinicio Sofia: Cesarino Ossobuco
* Gildo Bocci: Testimone
* Salvo Libassi [it]: Journalist
# Hamand, Nehbandan

Hamand (Persian: همند, also Romanized as Homand) is a village in Shusef Rural District, Shusef District, Nehbandan County, South Khorasan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 111, in 35 families.
# George Tzavellas

George Tzavellas, also rendered Giorgos Tzavellas, Yiorgos Tzavellas, or Yorgos Javellas (Greek: Γιώργος Τζαβέλλας, 1916, Athens – October 18, 1976), was a Greek film director, screenwriter, and playwright. His filmmaking was particularly influential, with critic Georges Sadoul considering him "one of the three major postwar Greek directors" (along with Michael Cacoyannis and Nikos Koundouros).
Tzavellas wrote at least 26 plays, in addition to writing the scripts for all of his films. Among his notable films are Marinos Kontaras (1948), the drama O methystakas (1950), and Antigone (1961), a cinematic adaptation of the Sophocles tragedy. His adaptation of Antigone reimagined it in the language of realist cinema, omitting stylized elements of Greek stageplay such as the chorus, and attempting to convey the same information via setting and dialogue. In 1964 he was a member of the jury at the 14th Berlin International Film Festival. His masterpiece, however, is the 1955 film The Counterfeit Coin (I kálpiki líra), a film in four parts, linking the stories of several people through their transactions of a single counterfeit gold coin.

## Filmography

* Applause (1944)
* Forgotten Faces (1946)
* Marinos Kontaras (1948)
* The Drunkard (1950)
* The Grouch (1952)
* Lily of the Harbor (1952)
* The Taxi Driver (1953)
* The Counterfeit Coin (1955)
* The Lovers Arrive (1956)
* We Have Only One Life (1958)
* Antigone (1961)
* And the Wife Shall Revere Her Husband (1965)
# Work from Home (disambiguation)

Work from home, or remote work, is a work arrangement in which employees do not commute to a central place of work.
Work from Home may also refer to:
* Work-at-home scheme, form of fraudulent scheme
* "Work from Home" (song), a 2016 song by Fifth Harmony featuring Ty Dolla Sign
* "Work from Home", a 2015 song by Jordin Sparks from Right Here Right Now