OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Arved von Schultz

Arved Carl Ludwig von Schultz (14 November 1883 at Rinkules muiža, Courland Governorate, now Latvia – 13 December 1967 in Hilden at Düsseldorf) was a German geographer.

## Life

Arved von Schultz was born in Latvia to landowner Erich von Schultz (1856–1932), who in 1892 was the inspector of goods in the city of Riga, and his wife Valerie of Moczulski. During his holidays from 1901 to 1904 Schultz led study tours in the Caucasus and the Russian Central Asia. Schultz attended the German Eltz'sche Privatgymnasium in Riga and in 1904 passed his exams at Alexander High School. Beginning in 1904 he studied in Moscow and Dorpat and in 1906 Schultz enrolled at the Friedrich-Wilhelms University (now Humboldt University of Berlin) in Berlin. His studied were interrupted in 1905 due to riots in Tartu and he spent half a year traveling through Central Asia. After returning from this trip, Schultz attended the University of Giessen, where he studied geography under Wilhelm Sievers. After another trip in 1909 to the Pamir Mountains, Schultz received his PhD in 1914 at Giessen. His dissertation was on Pamir Tajiks.
In 1918 while working as a war geographer, Schultz published an atlas of Poland. After the First World War he became a lecturer of geography at the University of Hamburg. In 1923 he became the successor of Prof. Friedrichsen at Albertus University in Königsberg. Schultz took long trips to Asia and Russia was considered one of the top German geographers of his time. He was a board member of the Johann Gottfried von Herder Prize [de] committee.
Schultz married Hella Fanny Gertrude Suhr (born 24 April 1893 Grünfelde; died 2 September 1952 in Düsseldorf-Benrath) on 4 April 1914 at Green Field at Stuhm in West Prussia.

## List of publications

* Vorläufiger Bericht über meine Pamirexpedition 1909,in A. Petermann's Mittheilungen aus Justus Perthes’ Geographischer Anstalt 56, 1910. pp. 140–141.
* Volks- und wirtschaftliche Studien im Pamir, in A. Petermann's Mittheilungen aus Justus Perthes’ Geographischer Anstalt 56, 1910. pp. 250–254.
* Zur Kenntnis der arischen Bevölkerung des Pamir, in Orientalisches Archiv II, 1911–12. pp. 23–29.
* Bericht über den bisherigen Verlauf meiner Pamirexpedition 1911/12, in A. Petermann's Mittheilungen aus Justus Perthes’ Geographischer Anstalt 58, 1912. 190–193, 261–265.
* Die Pamirtadschik : auf Grund einer mit Unterstützung des Museums für Volkerkunde zu Giessen in den Jahren 1911/12 ausgeführten Reise in den Pamir (Zentralasien), Giessen: A. Töpelmann, 1914
* Der materielle Kulturbesitz der Pamirtadschik. 1914.
* Landeskundliche Forschungen im Pamir. Hamburg. 1916. (Abhandlungen des Hamburger Kolonialinstituts 33).
* Die natürlichen Landschaften von Russisch-Turkestan. Hamburg: L. Friederichsen, 1920.
* Die natürlichen Landschaften von Russisch-Turkestan, Geographical Review 1922
* Sibirien, 1923
* Aride Einebnung im Pamir, 1926
* Das Ussuri-Land, 1930
* mit K. Bouterwek, H. Anger, G. Wegener, H. Rosinski: Nordasien, Zentral- und Ostasien in Natur, Kultur und Wirtschaft, Handbuch der Geographischen Wissenschaft 1937
* Europäisches Rußland, 1937
* Der Erdteil Asien, Stuttgart 1950
# Lasséran

Lasséran (French pronunciation:; Occitan: Lasseran) is a commune in the Gers department in southwestern France.
# Chanousia Alpine Botanical Garden

The Chanousia Alpine Botanical Garden (Italian: Giardino Botanico Alpino Chanousia, French: Jardin alpin botanique Chanousia) (about 10,000 m$^2$) is an alpine botanical garden located at 2170 meters altitude near Mont Blanc, at the Little St Bernard Pass. Though located in France, it belongs to the Italian commune of La Thuile (Aosta Valley). It was founded by Valdostan abbot and botanist Pierre Chanoux. It is open daily in the warmer months.
The garden was first established in 1897 by Abbot Pierre Chanoux, and in its best years contained about 2500 species of mountain plants from the Alps and around the world. It was badly damaged during World War II, and restored starting in 1978. Today the garden contains about 1200 species which flourish in a short growing spell (two months) between heavy winters with snowfall ranging from 4–8 meters.
# Erythres

Erythres /ˈɛrɪθriːz/ (Greek: Ερυθρές, formerly known as Kriekouki, Greek: Κριεκούκι) is a village and a former municipality in the northernmost part of West Attica, Greece. Since the 2011 local government reform it is part of the municipality Mandra-Eidyllia, of which it is a municipal unit. The municipal unit has an area of 61.145 km$^2$. It is part of Athens metropolitan area. Erythres was named after the ancient city of Erythrae, the ruins of which are located 1.5 km east of the present town. The inhabitants of Erythres are Arvanites. The Greek National Road 3 (Elefsina - Thebes - Florina) passes through Erythres. The area south of Erythres is mountainous, with the Kithaironas to the southwest and the Pastra to the southeast. The area north of Erythres is characterised by the wide, flat valley of the Boeotian river Asopos, that flows to the east along the northern border of the municipal unit. This area is dominated by farmlands. Erythres is located 5 km east of Plataies, 6 km north of Vilia, 12 km south of Thebes and 44 km northwest of Athens.

## Historical population

| Year | Population |
| 1981 | 3,550 |
| 1991 | 3,519 |
| 2001 | 3,326 |
| 2011 | 3,349 |
# Lalbijo

Lal Bijo is an Indian filmmaker and screenwriter. He made his directional debut with the suspense-thriller The Big Bang (2019).

## Career

Bijo is a visual media graduate from Keltron Animation Campus in Trivandrum, India. He directed the short film The Big Bang (2019), which highlights the indifferent attitude of humans towards nature. The short film was Inspired by the 2018 floods in Kerala. Before getting into direction, Bijo worked for three years as an assistant art director in the films Rakshasa Rajavu and CID Moosa. He is the director and co-writer of the upcoming family drama film Vambathi. Bijo co-wrote the screenplay with Ashraf Muhammed.

## Filmography
### Films
#### As director

| Year | Title | Language | Notes |
| 2024 | Vambathi | Malayalam | Yet to be released |

### Short films

| Year | Title | Cast |
| 2019 | The Big Bang (2019 film) | Himself |
# Hannah Arendt Prize

The Hannah Arendt Prize for Political Thought (German: Hannah-Arendt-Preis für politisches Denken) is a prize awarded to individuals representing the tradition of political theorist Hannah Arendt, especially in regard to totalitarianism. It was instituted by the German Heinrich Böll Foundation (affiliated with the Alliance 90/The Greens) and the government of Bremen in 1994, and is awarded by an international jury. The prize money is €10,000.

## Laureates

Prize recipients :
| Year | Person | Country |
| 1995 | Ágnes Heller | Hungary |
| 1996 | François Furet | France |
| 1997 | Freimut Duve | Germany |
| 1997 | Joachim Gauck | Germany |
| 1998 | Antje Vollmer | Germany |
| 1998 | Claude Lefort | France |
| 1999 | Massimo Cacciari | Italy |
| 2000 | Yelena Bonner | Russia |
| 2001 | Ernst Vollrath [bg; de] | Germany |
| 2001 | Daniel Cohn-Bendit | France, Germany |
| 2002 | Gianni Vattimo | Italy |
| 2003 | Michael Ignatieff | Canada |
| 2004 | Ernst-Wolfgang Böckenförde | Germany |
| 2005 | Vaira Vīķe-Freiberga | Latvia |
| 2006 | Julia Kristeva | Bulgaria, France |
| 2007 | Tony Judt | United Kingdom |
| 2008 | Victor Zaslavsky | Russia |
| 2009 | Kurt Flasch | Germany |
| 2010 | François Jullien | France |
| 2011 | Navid Kermani | Germany, Iran |
| 2012 | Yfaat Weiss [bg; de; he] | Israel |
| 2013 | Timothy Snyder | United States |
| 2014 | Nadya Tolokonnikova | Russia |
| 2014 | Maria Alyokhina | Russia |
| 2014 | Yurii Andrukhovych | Ukraine |
| 2016 | Christian Teichmann | Germany |
| 2017 | Étienne Balibar | France |
| 2018 | Ann Pettifor | South Africa, United Kingdom |
| 2019 | Roger Berkowitz | United States |
| 2019 | Jerome Kohn | United States |
| 2021 | Jill Lepore | United States |
| 2022 | Serhiy Zhadan | Ukraine |
| 2023 | Masha Gessen | Russia, United States |

## Controversy

In 2023, the German-Israeli Society Bremen chapter chair Hermann Kuhn wrote an open letter calling for a suspension of Masha Gessen's prize out of objection to their essay "In the Shadow of the Holocaust" in The New Yorker. Gessen compared the Blockade of the Gaza Strip to Jewish ghettos established by Nazi Germany, stating “the ghetto is being liquidated” in the context of the 2023 Israeli invasion of the Gaza Strip. The Heinrich Böll Foundation initially announced it would not sponsor the award, then later announced that the award would be presented in a smaller ceremony.
In response to criticisms, Gessen said "Hannah Arendt wouldn’t have gotten the Hannah Arendt prize if you applied those kinds of criteria to it," and referenced Arendt's frequent comparisons of Israeli policies and ideologies to Nazi Germany. In The New Yorker essay they quoted Arendt's 1948 letter that compared Menachem Begin's Herut party to the Nazis.
# Hans Grüß

Hans Ludwig Kurt Reinhold Grüß (4 March 1929 – 24 November 2001) was a German musicologist and ensemble leader.

## Life
### Childhood and studies

He spent his childhood and adolescence in Freiberg since his father taught as professor of mathematics and technical mechanics at the Bergakademie Freiberg from 1936. As a grammar school student he was drafted to the Volkssturm and was only able to take his Abitur after he had been a prisoner of war.
First he studied German language and literature, musicology and pedagogy at the Humboldt University of Berlin from 1947, and from 1949 at the Leipzig University and the Musikhochschule. Early on, he became interested in performance practice of early music and received his doctorate in 1956 with a work on Josquin des Prez.

### Professional activity

In 1957 Grüß was given a lectureship at the University of Leipzig. Because of political disagreements he was threatened with the withdrawal of his teaching license by the SED in 1963. It was only after the political change in 1993 that he was appointed extraordinary professor and taught until 1996. As a sought-after specialist, he continued to hold lectureships at the Technical University of Dresden and at the Leipzig Academy of Music after his retirement.

### Ensemble leader

In 1957 he founded the Capella Fidicinia, an ensemble consisting of members of the Leipzig Institute for Musicology, which was dedicated to the faithful performance of early music. They played on historical instruments of the Museum of Musical Instruments of Leipzig University, whereby Grüß played the viol. For larger performances Grüß and his ensemble regularly received support from musicians of the Gewandhausorchester and the MDR Leipzig Radio Symphony Orchestra. A particularly close collaboration existed with the Dresdner Kreuzchor and the soloists Winfried Schrammek (organ), Peter Schreier and Martin Krumbiegel, who has led the ensemble since the death of its founder.
Grüß died in Much at the age of 72.

## Honours

* Ehrennadel der Karl-Marx-Universität Leipzig, 1984
* Kunstpreis der Stadt Leipzig, 1985
* Ordinary member of the Sächsische Akademie der Wissenschaften, 1995

## Literature

* Hans Grüß: Ansichtssachen, Verlag Kamprad, Altenburg 1999. ISBN 978-3-930550-07-4
* Winfried Schrammek: Magister und Musicus. Hans Grüß zum Gedenken, Leipzig 2005.

## Recordings

* Ockeghem/Obrecht "Missa L'Homme armé" Capella Fidicinia, Thomanerchor Leipzig, Hans Grüß querstand
# Headlines (Jay Leno)

Headlines was a segment that aired weekly on The Tonight Show with Jay Leno. It also aired on the prime-time spin-off The Jay Leno Show. The segment usually aired on Monday nights. It was first seen in 1987, when Leno was still a guest host on The Tonight Show Starring Johnny Carson, and continued (even after Leno became permanent host in 1992) until Jay Leno left The Tonight Show in 2014.
This segment reappeared on TV as part of a new version of the game show You Bet Your Life hosted by Leno beginning in 2021. Viewers submitted newspaper headlines or other articles from all over the world, and the clippings contain either (but not limited to) a misspelled word, juxtaposed image or badly structured sentences that comically (and often in an unintentionally risqué way) completely change the meaning of what the writer intended.

## Influence

On December 18, 2006, an item in The Dallas Morning News about David Letterman, which included a photograph of Leno, was included on both Headlines and on Small Town News, a segment with a similar conceit on Letterman's Late Show.
In January 2010, during the replacement of O'Brien as Tonight Show host, Letterman ran a fake promo (featuring former Tonight announcer Edd Hall) for the return of Leno to The Tonight Show, referring to "Headlines" as "the bit [Leno] stole from Letterman's late-night show".

## Publications

Leno released several compilations of Headlines during the late 1980s and early 1990s:
* Headlines: Real but Ridiculous Headlines from America's Newspapers
* More Headlines
* Headlines III: Not The Movie, Still The Book
* Headlines IV: The Next Generation
* Jay Leno's Police Blotter: Real-Life Crime Headlines
All profits from sale of the books went to charity, most notably the Samuel Jared Kushnick Foundation.
Wil B. Strange includes "personal ads from the book 'Jay Leno's Headlines'" in an issue of Campus Life.
# Japanese keelback

The Japanese keelback (Hebius vibakari), sometimes called the ringed snake or water snake, is a species of colubrid snake, which is endemic to Asia. It was first described in 1826 by Heinrich Boie as Tropidonotus vibakari.

## Geographic range

It is found in northeastern China, Japan (Honshu, Kyushu, Shikoku), Korea, and Russia (Amur Oblast, Khabarovsk Krai, Primorsky Krai).

## Description

It is a small snake, growing to a maximum total length of 44 cm (17+1⁄4 in), with a tail 10 cm (3+7⁄8 in) long.
Dorsally it is olive or reddish brown, with small blackish spots. Some specimens may have a dark olive or blackish vertebral stripe. The upper labials are yellow, with black sutures. On each side of the nape of the neck there is a yellow dark-edged diagonal streak, these two streaks converging posteriorly. Ventrally it is yellow, with a series of brown dots or short lines at the outer ends of the ventral scales.
Dorsal scales strongly keeled (except outer row), arranged in 19 rows at midbody. Ventrals 127–151; anal plate divided; subcaudals divided 59–79.
# Subterinebrica nigrosignatana

Subterinebrica nigrosignatana is a species of moth of the family Tortricidae. It is found in Loja Province, Ecuador.
The wingspan is about 23 mm.
# Roger Lamley

"Roger" Charles Horace Lamley (9 March 1870 – 22 December 1961) was an Australian rules footballer who played with Fitzroy in the Victorian Football League (VFL). He played for North Melbourne and Collingwood in the Victorian Football Association before coming to Fitzroy.
# 2002 Uber Cup group stage

The 2002 Uber Cup group stage was held at Tianhe Sports Center in Guangzhou, China, from 9 to 13 May 2002.
The group stage was first stage of the tournament where only the two highest-placing teams in each of the two groups advanced to the knockout stage.

## Draw

The original draw for the tournament was conducted on 2 April 2002. The 8 teams will be drawn into two groups each containing four teams.

### Group composition

Group :
| Group A | Group B |
| Denmark  Hong Kong  Indonesia  Netherlands | China (Host)  Germany  Japan  South Korea |

## Group A

| Pos | Team | Pld | W | L | GF | GA | GD | PF | PA | PD | Pts | Qualification |
| 1 | Netherlands | 3 | 3 | 0 | 30 | 25 | +5 | 289 | 267 | +22 | 3 | Advance to semi-finals |
| 2 | Hong Kong | 3 | 2 | 1 | 26 | 30 | −4 | 286 | 297 | −11 | 2 | Advance to semi-finals |
| 3 | Indonesia | 3 | 1 | 2 | 32 | 26 | +6 | 293 | 320 | −27 | 1 | |
| 4 | Denmark | 3 | 0 | 3 | 24 | 31 | −7 | 286 | 270 | +16 | 0 | |

### Denmark vs Indonesia
## Group B

| Pos | Team | Pld | W | L | GF | GA | GD | PF | PA | PD | Pts | Qualification |
| 1 | China | 3 | 3 | 0 | 43 | 6 | +37 | 321 | 124 | +197 | 3 | Advance to semi-finals |
| 2 | South Korea | 3 | 2 | 1 | 29 | 23 | +6 | 260 | 230 | +30 | 2 | Advance to semi-finals |
| 3 | Japan | 3 | 1 | 2 | 19 | 37 | −18 | 261 | 324 | −63 | 1 | |
| 4 | Germany | 3 | 0 | 3 | 16 | 41 | −25 | 196 | 360 | −164 | 0 | |
# South Airlines

South Airlines (Ukrainian: Південні авіалінії, Russian: Южные авиалинии) was a charter airline based in Odesa, Ukraine.

## History

The airline was registered in 1999 in Odesa, Ukraine. In 2000, the company was certified by the State Aviation Service of Ukraine. South Airlines operated scheduled and charter flights. In the beginning, the company operated with 6 types of aircraft: Antonov An-24, Antonov An-30, Antonov An-140, Yakovlev Yak-40, Let L-410 Turbolet and Tupolev Tu-134. The airline's license was revoked by the aviation authority in February 2013.

## Fleet

As of 14 February 2013, the South Airlines is reported to have had only three aircraft (excluding the An-24 lost in the 13 February air disaster in Donetsk), with types of them being an Antonov An-24RV, Embraer EMB-500, Saab 340B and Yakovlev Yak-42. The South Airlines fleet consisted of the following aircraft (as of December 2012):

## Accidents and incidents

* On 13 February 2013, South Airlines Flight 8971 crashed when the plane overshot the runway as it attempted an emergency landing at Donetsk International Airport. The plane then inverted and crashed, 5 died on impact while 47 survived and 9 were injured.
# Sisco (stream)

The Sisco (French: Ruisseau de Sisco) is a small coastal stream in the department of Haute-Corse, Corsica, France. It enters the Tyrrhenian Sea from the east of the Cap Corse peninsula.

## Course

The Sisco is 6.51 kilometres (4.05 mi) long and flows through the commune of Sisco, Haute-Corse. It rises at an altitude of 660 metres (2,170 ft) on the side of the Guado a l'Alzi. Its source is to the east of the 1,236 metres (4,055 ft) Rocher de Pruberzulu and south of Pietracorbara. The stream flows east-southeast to the sea, where its mouth is in the town of Sisco. It enters the sea at the Sisco marina, to the north of the pebble beach. Woods along the Sisco are mainly composed of holm oak, cork oak, chestnut, olive, beech and alder. The D32 road parallels the stream for most of its course.
The stream is called U Fiume di Siscu in the Corsican language.

## Watershed

The Sisco valley lies between the mountains that form the spine of the Cap Corse peninsula and the sea, and is enclosed between two ridges. The watershed covers 19.8 square kilometres (7.6 sq mi), with a maximum elevation of 1,307 metres (4,288 ft). The watershed is bowl-shaped, with several streams converging to form the stream above the Moine location. Flows of water are carried rapidly downstream. As a result, the Sisco sometimes has severe floods. In 1851 a flood rose to 2 metres (6 ft 7 in) above the stream bed. The village bridge was destroyed by a flood in 1907 and in 1938. Further floods occurred in 1993, 1994 and 1999.

## Water quality

In August 2021 the mayor of Sisco banned swimming and fishing in the river due to a report that a visitor may have become infected by bilharzia, carried by the parasite Schistosoma haematobium, while swimming. The disease is very rare in Europe, but had occurred in Corsica in 2014.

## Tributaries

The following streams (ruisseaux) are tributaries of the Sisco (ordered by length):
* Porcili 3 km (1.9 mi)
** Cipriaca 3 km (1.9 mi)
* Eghiglione 2 km (1.2 mi)
* Botru 2 km (1.2 mi)
* Pietratenna 1 km (0.62 mi)
* Guadillu di Lapidanu 1 km (0.62 mi)
* Castagni 1 km (0.62 mi)
* Canavaggia 1 km (0.62 mi)
# Kot Inayat Khan

Kot Inayat Khan (Urdu: کوٹ عنایت خان), is a town and Union Council in Wazirabad Tehsil, Gujranwala District, Punjab, Pakistan.
# The Woman in the House

The Woman in the House is a 1942 short feature from MGM about an Englishwoman who becomes a recluse for forty years. It was the first American role for Australian film star Ann Richards and led to her being signed to a long term contract by MGM.

## Premise

After the death of her fiancee, a woman develops fear of people and refuses to leave her house until a Nazi air raid happens.

## Cast

* Ann Richards as Catherine Starr
* Mark Daniels as Doctor
* Peter Cushing

## Production

Richards arrived in the US in early 1942, having left Australia just after the attack on Pearl Harbor. She knew writer Carl Dudley who had written It Isn't Done, Richards' first movie. Through Dudley Richards met producers and agent Leland Hayward which led to her casting in this film. She was given the stage name "Ann Richards" which she kept for the rest of her American career.
The movie was part of a series of shorts made by MGM called John Nesbitt's Passing Parade. During production the film was known as Fear.

## Reception

Variety called the film a "Compact dramatic skit... Aside from the unusual character of 'the yam. it sinks home the point that 'service to others is the best cure for fear,'... Ranks high on the list of John Nesbitt dramatic pieces. Ann Richards, in femme lead, does a nice Job."
# N-90 National Highway

The National Highway 90 (Urdu: قومی شاہراہ ۹۰) or the N-90 is one of Pakistan National Highway running from town of Khwazakhela in Swat District to the town of Besham in Shangla District in the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan. The highway connects Malakand Division with the Karakoram Highway at Besham. Its total length is 64 km, the highway is maintained and operated by Pakistan's National Highway Authority.
# Ampelokipoi, Thessaloniki

Ampelokipoi (Greek: Αμπελόκηποι, meaning vineyards) is a suburb of the Thessaloniki Urban Area (not to be confused with the Athenian neighborhood-suburb with the same name and other areas throughout Greece) and was a former municipality in the regional unit of Thessaloniki, Macedonia, Greece. Since the 2011 local government reform it is part of the municipality of Ampelokipoi-Menemeni, of which it is a municipal unit. The population was 35,846 in 2021, with a land area of 1.803 km². Ampelokipoi is the seat of the new Ampelokipoi-Menemeni municipality.

## Areas

Ampelokipoi include the areas of Heptalofos, Skeparni, Kaistri, Philippou and Akriton.

## Sport activities

The municipal sports club AO Ampelokipon has football, basketball, volleyball, swimming and athletic clubs. The local stadium was a training center for the Olympic Games of 2004.

## Other

In the area is located also the Zeitenlik WWI Allied cemetery, such as the Catholic cemetery of Saint Vincent.
# Zavrh, Litija

Zavrh (pronounced; German: Neudorf) is a settlement north of Dole in the Municipality of Litija in central Slovenia. The area is part of the traditional region of Lower Carniola and is now included with the rest of the municipality in the Central Sava Statistical Region.
# Sutkūnai, Kėdainiai

Sutkūnai (formerly Russian: Суткуны, Polish: Sutkuny) is a village in Kėdainiai district municipality, in Kaunas County, in central Lithuania. According to the 2011 census, the village had a population of 3 people. It is located 2.5 kilometres (1.6 mi) from Pajieslys.
Sutkūnai estate and okolica are mentioned at the end of the 19th century.

## Demography

| Year | Pop. | ±% p.a. |
| 1923 | 32 | — |
| 1959 | 38 | +0.48% |
| 1970 | 34 | −1.01% |
| 1979 | 13 | −10.13% |
| Year | Pop. | ±% p.a. |
| 1989 | 3 | −13.64% |
| 2001 | 4 | +2.43% |
| 2011 | 3 | −2.84% |
Source: 1902, 1923, 1959 & 1970, 1979, 1989, 2001, 2011 :