OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Alexis Sharangabo

Alexis Sharangabo (born 9 November 1978) is a retired Rwandan middle-distance runner who specialised in the 1500 metres. He represented his country at two Summer Olympics, in 1996 and 2000, failing to reach semifinals.
Collegiately, Sharangabo competed for Brevard College in Brevard, North Carolina winning the 2000 NAIA Men's Cross Country Championship individual title and graduating in 2003. He was inducted into the Brevard College Hall of Fame in 2014.

## Competition record

| Year | Competition | Venue | Position | Event | Notes |
| Representing Burundi ||||||
| 1994 | Jeux de la Francophonie | Bondoufle, France | 8th (h) | 1500 m | 3:48.97$^1$ |
| 1994 | World Junior Championships | Lisbon, Portugal | 36th (h) | 800m | 1:56.06 |
| 1994 | World Junior Championships | Lisbon, Portugal | 19th (h) | 1500m | 3:51.60 |
| Representing Rwanda ||||||
| 1996 | Olympic Games | Atlanta, United States | 45th (h) | 1500 m | 3:46.42 |
| 1996 | World Junior Championships | Sydney, Australia | 27th (h) | 1500 m | 3:57.01 |
| 1997 | World Championships | Athens, Greece | 40th (h) | 1500 m | 3:44.95 |
| 1997 | Universiade | Catania, Italy | 21st (h) | 1500 m | 3:51.89 |
| 1999 | World Indoor Championships | Maebashi, Japan | 17th (h) | 1500 m | 3:49.81 |
| 1999 | All-Africa Games | Johannesburg, South Africa | – | 1500 m | DNF |
| 2000 | Olympic Games | Sydney, Australia | 34th (h) | 1500 m | 3:44.06 |
| 2001 | Jeux de la Francophonie | Ottawa, Canada | 6th | 1500 m | 3:46.85 |
| 2001 | Jeux de la Francophonie | Ottawa, Canada | 6th | 5000 m | 13:57.79 |
| 2001 | World Championships | Edmonton, Canada | 29th (h) | 1500 m | 3:42.72 |
$^1$Did not finish in the final

## Personal bests

Outdoor
* 800 metres – 1:49.35 (Nassau 1999) NR
* 1500 metres – 3:38.16 (Palo Alto 2000) NR
* One mile – 3:57.82 (Falmouth 2000)
Indoor
* 1500 metres – 3:49.81 (Maebashi 1999) NR
# Taphan Hin district

Taphan Hin (Thai: ตะพานหิน, pronounced) is a district (amphoe) in the central part of Phichit province, central Thailand.

## Geography

Neighboring districts are (from the east clockwise) Thap Khlo, Bang Mun Nak, Pho Thale, Bueng Na Rang, Pho Prathap Chang, Mueang Pichit and Wang Sai Phun of Phichit Province.
Taphan Hin is located on the eastern side of the Nan River, about 28 km (about 17 mi) south of Mueang Pichit.

## History

The minor district (king amphoe) Taphan Hin was created in 1937 as a subordinate of Mueang Phichit District by putting together the sub-districts Huai Ket from Mueang District, Thap Khlo and Khlong Khun from Bang Mun Nak District, and Wang Samrong from Pho Thale District. It was upgraded to a full district in 1940.
The name "Taphan Hin" means "bridge stone". Because the northern area of market is about 1 km (0.621 mi) away from the center of district, there is a bedrock pushes out into the river like a bridge.

## Administration

The district is divided into 13 sub-districts (tambon), which are further subdivided into 97 villages (muban). The town (thesaban mueang) Taphan Hin covers the whole tambon Taphan Hin. There are a further 13 tambon administrative organizations (TAO).
| No. | Name | Thai | Pop. |
| 01. | Taphan Hin | ตะพานหิน | - | 16,388 |
| 02. | Ngio Rai | งิ้วราย | 08 | 06,369 |
| 03. | Huai Ket | ห้วยเกตุ | 11 | 05,596 |
| 04. | Sai Rong Khon | ไทรโรงโขน | 04 | 01,465 |
| 05. | Nong Phayom | หนองพยอม | 12 | 07,147 |
| 06. | Thung Pho | ทุ่งโพธิ์ | 07 | 02,062 |
| 07. | Dong Takhop | ดงตะขบ | 10 | 03,499 |
| 08. | Khlong Khun | คลองคูณ | 07 | 04,142 |
| 09. | Wang Samrong | วังสำโรง | 07 | 05,977 |
| 10. | Wang Wa | วังหว้า | 08 | 03,912 |
| 11. | Wang Lum | วังหลุม | 10 | 07,203 |
| 12. | Thap Man | ทับหมัน | 06 | 04,142 |
| 13. | Phai Luang | ไผ่หลวง | 07 | 02,671 |

## Transportation

Taphan Hin is regarded as one of the three districts of Phichit, with a railroad running through (northern line). The district is served by the Taphan Hin railway station of the State Railway of Thailand (SRT).
# Secretary for Constitutional and Mainland Affairs

The secretary for Constitutional and Mainland Affairs is the head of the Constitutional and Mainland Affairs Bureau in Government of Hong Kong, which is responsible for promoting the Basic Law, constitutional affairs, electoral development, and coordinate liaison between the Hong Kong government and the relevant mainland China authorities, as well as to promote various regional cooperation initiatives between Hong Kong and the mainland. Prior to 2007, this post was known as the Secretary for Constitutional Affairs.
The post was known as Deputy Chief Secretary between 1985 and 1989.

## List of office holders

Political party: Nonpartisan

### Secretaries for Constitutional Affairs(憲制事務司), 1989–1997

| No. | Name | Term of office | Term of office | Governor |
| 1 | Michael Suen 孫明揚 | 1 March 1989 | 29 October 1991 | Sir David Wilson |
| 2 | Michael Sze 施祖祥 | 30 October 1991 | 27 January 1994 | Sir David Wilson |
| 2 | Michael Sze 施祖祥 | 30 October 1991 | 27 January 1994 | Chris Patten |
| 3 | Nicholas Ng 吳榮奎 | 28 January 1994 | 30 June 1997 | Chris Patten |

### Secretaries for Constitutional Affairs(政制事務局局長), 1997–2007

| No. | Name | Term of office | Term of office | Duration | Chief Executive |
| 1 | Nicholas Ng Wing-fui 吳榮奎 | 1 July 1997 | 3 August 1997 | 34 days | Tung Chee-hwa (I) |
| 2 | Michael Suen Ming-yeung 孫明揚 | 4 August 1997 | 30 June 2002 | 4 years, 331 days | Tung Chee-hwa (I) |
| 3 | Stephen Lam Sui-lung 林瑞麟 | 1 July 2002 | 30 June 2007 | 5 years, 0 days | Tung Chee-hwa (II) |
| 3 | Stephen Lam Sui-lung 林瑞麟 | 1 July 2002 | 30 June 2007 | 5 years, 0 days | Donald Tsang (I) |

### Secretaries for Constitutional and Mainland Affairs(政制及內地事務局局長), 2007–present

| No. | Name | Term of office | Term of office | Duration | Chief Executive |
| 1 | Stephen Lam Sui-lung 林瑞麟 | 1 July 2007 | 30 September 2011 | 4 years, 91 days | Donald Tsang (II) |
| 2 | Raymond Tam Chi-yuen 譚志源 | 30 September 2011 | 30 June 2017 | 5 years, 272 days | Donald Tsang (II) |
| 2 | Raymond Tam Chi-yuen 譚志源 | 30 September 2011 | 30 June 2017 | 5 years, 272 days | Leung Chun-ying (I) |
| 3 | Patrick Nip Tak-kuen 聶德權 | 1 July 2017 | 22 April 2020 | 2 years, 296 days | Carrie Lam (I) |
| 4 | Erick Tsang Kwok-wai 曾國衞 | 22 April 2020 | Incumbent | 4 years, 185 days | Carrie Lam (I) |
| 4 | Erick Tsang Kwok-wai 曾國衞 | 22 April 2020 | Incumbent | 4 years, 185 days | John Lee (I) |
# Antonio Élie

Antonio Élie (December 9, 1893 – January 15, 1968) was a Canadian politician and a ten-term Member of the Legislative Assembly of Quebec.

## Background

He was born in Baie-du-Febvre, Quebec and was a farmer. He served as a city councillor in Baie-du-Febvre, Quebec in 1923 and 1924.

## Member of the legislature

Élie ran as a Conservative candidate in 1931 and won, becoming the Member for the district of Yamaska.
He was re-elected in 1935, as a Union Nationale candidate in 1936, 1939, 1944, 1948, 1952, 1956, 1960 and 1962.

## Minister without Portfolio

Élie was appointed Minister in the Cabinet of Maurice Duplessis, serving as Minister without Portfolio from 1936 to 1939 and from 1944 to 1958. He did not run for re-election in 1966.

## Death

He died on January 15, 1968.
# Ciénagas, Camuy, Puerto Rico

Ciénagas is a barrio in the municipality of Camuy, Puerto Rico. Its population in 2010 was 1,554.

## History

Ciénagas was in Spain's gazetteers until Puerto Rico was ceded by Spain in the aftermath of the Spanish–American War under the terms of the Treaty of Paris of 1898 and became an unincorporated territory of the United States. In 1899, the United States Department of War conducted a census of Puerto Rico finding that the population of Ciénagas barrio was 711.
# Camille Roy (politician)

Camille Roy (July 13, 1911, in Nicolet, Quebec – March 29, 1969, in Nicolet, Quebec) was a Canadian politician and a three-term Member of the Legislative Assembly of Quebec.

## Background

Roy was born on July 13, 1911, in Nicolet, Centre-du-Québec. He became a farmer.

## Political career

Roy ran as a Union Nationale candidate in the district of Nicolet in the 1952 election and won. He was re-elected in the 1956 and 1960 elections, but was defeated against Liberal candidate Germain Hébert in the 1962 election.

## Retirement

From 1966 to 1969, Roy was a staff member of Clément Vincent, who was a Member of the provincial legislature. He died on March 29, 1969.
# Charles Allan Smart

Charles Allan Smart CMG (March 23, 1868 – June 4, 1937) was a Canadian politician and a seven-term Member of the Legislative Assembly of Quebec.

## Early life

He was born in Montreal, Quebec, on March 23, 1868. The son of Robert Smart, a shoemaker, originally from Aberdeen, and his wife Margaret Clark, from Arbroath, he was educated at the High School of Montreal. In 1881, he left school and became a clerk for with Alexander Buntin and Co., a stationery firm. In 1884, he moved to Tellier, Rothwell and Co., oil dealers, where he stayed for seven years.

## City Councillor

Smart was a city councillor in Westmount in 1910.

## Member of the legislature/military career

He successfully ran as a Conservative candidate in the provincial district of Westmount in the 1912 election. He was re-elected in the 1916, 1919, 1923, 1927, 1931 and 1935 elections. He did not run for re-election in 1936.

## Legislative Councillor

Smart was appointed to the Legislative Council of Quebec in 1936, but the institution did not resume its activities until after he died.

## Death

He died on June 4, 1937.
# Trinidad Lake State Park

Trinidad Lake State Park is a state park 4 miles (6.4 km) west of Trinidad, Colorado, United States. The park protects Trinidad Lake, a dammed reservoir. There are hiking trails, and camping and boating opportunities. The park features historical attractions such as the coal mining ruins at Cokedale. An exposure of the Cretaceous–Paleogene boundary (K–Pg boundary) is visible in the southern part of the park.
A portion of the mountain route of the Santa Fe Trail runs through the park.
# Federalist Christian Democracy – Convention of Federalists for Christian Democracy

The Federalist Christian Democracy-Convention of Federalists for Christian Democracy (French: Démocratie Chrétienne Fédéraliste–Convention des Fédéralistes pour la Démocratie Chrétienne) is a political party in the Democratic Republic of the Congo.
Pierre Pay-Pay wa Syakasighe, the party's presidential candidate in the 2006 general election came seventh with 1.5% of the vote, and the party gained eight seats in the National Assembly. On 19 January 2007, Senate elections, the party won out one of 108 seats.
* This article about a Democratic Republic of the Congo political party is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
# Canadian Civil Liberties Association

The Canadian Civil Liberties Association (CCLA; French: Association Canadienne des Libertés Civiles) is a nonprofit organization in Canada devoted to the defence of civil liberties and constitutional rights.

## History

The CCLA was founded in 1964 in Toronto, prompted by the Ontario government's proposal of a bill that would have granted special powers to the police in the face of a rise in organized crime. Its predecessor was the Association for Civil Liberties (ACL), which at its foundation had been intended to address national issues, but had become focused primarily on issues in Ontario. The ACL was led by Irving Himel, and in response to the bill, he gathered human rights leaders in Toronto, including Pierre Berton, June Callwood, Bora Laskin, Mark MacGuigan, Harry Arthurs, and John Keiller MacKay, and they formed the CCLA with Mackay as its honorary president.
In 1968, the CCLA won a grant from the Ford Foundation to study due process in Canadian lower courts and used the findings as a guide for its advocacy in the ensuing years.
The CCLA was one of the few groups in Canada that protested the 1970 invocation of the War Measures Act by then Prime Minister of Canada Pierre Trudeau in response to the October Crisis in Quebec.
In the opinion of Dominique Clément, its most enduring contribution in the 20th century was its influence on the drafting of the 1982 Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms.
The CCLA acted at the Rouleau Commission into the use of the Emergencies Act to quell the Freedom Convoy which arose in the aftermath of the government-mandated vaccine for COVID-19.

## Leadership

Alan Borovoy served as general counsel of the organization from 1968 to 2009 and under his leadership, he and the CCLA became famous throughout Canada as defenders of free speech and civil liberties. He continued as general counsel emeritus from 2009 until his death in 2015.
Nathalie Des Rosiers was CCLA's general counsel from 2009 to 2013.
Sukanya Pillay was executive director and general counsel from 2014 until 2017, and had been acting general counsel from 2013 to 2014.
Former Attorney-General of Ontario Michael Bryant was appointed executive director and general counsel in 2018 and served until January 1, 2022 when he left to become executive director of Legal Aid BC.
Noa Mendelsohn-Aviv was appointed executive director and general counsel on February 9, 2022. She had previously been acting executive director and general counsel from 2017 to 2018.
# Clifford Lincoln

Clifford Albert Lincoln (born September 1, 1928) is a Canadian politician who served as a member of the Quebec National Assembly, a provincial cabinet minister and a member of the House of Commons of Canada.
Lincoln was born in Mauritius to Francis Lincoln, a British colonial civil servant, and Régina De Baize. He studied insurance in Mauritius and in Cape Town, South Africa. He emigrated from the United States to Canada in 1958, settling first in Vancouver, British Columbia and then in Montreal, Quebec where he became an insurance company executive.
He was first elected to the Quebec National Assembly in 1981 as a member of the Liberal Party. When the Liberals formed government in 1985, Lincoln was appointed Minister of the Environment by Premier Robert Bourassa.
Lincoln and two other anglophone ministers resigned from cabinet in 1989, to protest the Bourassa government's language policy and its adoption of Bill 178, which invoked the notwithstanding clause of the Canadian Constitution to require French to be the dominant language on commercial signs.
He campaigned for the leadership of the Liberal Party of Canada in 1990. At the same time, he contested a by-election in the federal electoral district of Chambly. He lost the by-election to Phil Edmonston of the New Democratic Party and then withdrew from the Liberal leadership contest.
He was elected to Parliament in the 1993 federal election in the district of Lachine—Lac-Saint-Louis and was re-elected in Lac-Saint-Louis in 1997 and 2000. He served as parliamentary secretary to Sheila Copps, the Deputy Prime Minister and the Minister of the Environment from 1993 until 1996. He also served as Chairman of the Standing Committee on Canadian Heritage from 1997 until 2004. As such he wrote a report on Canadian broadcasting, Our Cultural Sovereignty: The Second Century of Canadian Broadcasting; its recommendations were largely ignored by the government.
Lincoln retired from politics at the 2004 federal election and was appointed Chairman of the Panel on Access to Third-language Public Television Services by the federal government.
As of 2007, Lincoln is President of the Board of Directors of the English Speaking Catholic Council of Quebec. In December 2012, he released Toward New Horizons, a memoir of his life in politics.

## Electoral record (incomplete)

vte1993 Canadian federal election: Lachine—Lac-Saint-Louis :
| Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| | Liberal | Clifford Lincoln | 39,732 | 67.45 |
| | Bloc Québécois | Guy Amyot | 12,014 | 20.40 |
| | Progressive Conservative | Nick di Tomaso | 4,717 | 8.01 |
| | New Democratic | Val Udvarhely | 822 | 1.40 |
| | Independent | Bill Shaw | 618 | 1.05 |
| | Natural Law | Ronald Bessette | 559 | 0.95 |
| | Libertarian | Jim Wiebe | 191 | 0.32 |
| | Commonwealth of Canada | Claude Brosseau | 169 | 0.29 |
| | Abolitionist | Michael Robinson | 81 | 0.14 |
| Total valid votes | Total valid votes | Total valid votes | 58,903 | 100.00 |
| Source: Parliament of Canada. Bill Shaw was a candidate of the unregistered Equality Party of Canada. Source: |||||||
# XMM Cluster Survey

The XMM Cluster Survey (XCS) is a serendipitous X-ray galaxy cluster survey being conducted using archival data taken by ESA’s XMM-Newton satellite. Galaxy clusters trace the large scale structure of the universe, and their number density evolution with redshift provides a way to measure cosmological parameters, independent of cosmic microwave background experiments or supernovae cosmology projects.
The collaboration is based in the United Kingdom and this is also where the majority of researchers are based. However, there are members of the collaboration across Europe and the Atlantic.

## Science Goals

* Derivation of cosmological parameters
* Measurement of X-ray scaling relations and their evolution
* Galaxy evolution in dense environments
* Properties of unusual (non cluster) X-ray sources, such as high redshift quasars and isolated neutron stars.

## Achievements

The XCS collaboration have detected 503 clusters serendipitously in XMM-Newton observations.

## Publications

* Mehrtens, Nicola; Kathy Romer, A.; Lloyd-Davies, E. J.; Hilton, Matt; Miller, Christopher J.; Stanford, S. A.; Hosmer, Mark; Hoyle, Ben; Collins, Chris A.; Liddle, Andrew R.; Viana, Pedro T. P.; Nichol, Robert C.; Stott, John P.; Naomi Dubois, E.; Kay, Scott T.; Sahlen, Martin; Young, Owain; Short, C. J.; Christodoulou, L.; Watson, William A.; Davidson, Michael; Harrison, CraigD.; Baruah, Leon; Smith, Mathew; Burke, Claire; Deadman, Paul-James; Rooney, Philip J.; Edmondson, Edward M.; West, Michael; et al. (2011). "The XMM Cluster Survey: Optical analysis methodology and the first data release". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 423 (2): 1024. arXiv:1106.3056. Bibcode:2012MNRAS.423.1024M. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2012.20931.x.
* Lloyd-Davies, E. J.; Kathy Romer, A.; Mehrtens, Nicola; Hosmer, Mark; Davidson, Michael; Sabirli, Kivanc; Mann, Robert G.; Hilton, Matt; Liddle, Andrew R.; Viana, Pedro T. P.; Campbell, Heather C.; Collins, Chris A.; Naomi Dubois, E.; Freeman, Peter; Harrison, Craig D.; Hoyle, Ben; Kay, Scott T.; Kuwertz, Emma; Miller, Christopher J.; Nichol, Robert C.; Sahlen, Martin; Stanford, S. A.; Stott, John P. (2010). "The XMM Cluster Survey: X-ray analysis methodology". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 418 (1): 14–53. arXiv:1010.0677. Bibcode:2011MNRAS.418...14L. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2011.19117.x.
# National Guard Defence Battalions

The National Guard Defence Battalions or TEA (Greek: Τάγματα Εθνοφυλακής Αμύνης, ΤΕΑ) were a paramilitary internal security organization active in Greece (especially Northern Greece) between 1948 and 1982, under the control of the Defence Ministry.
The TEA were formed in September 1948, in the midst of the Greek Civil War, by decision of the Hellenic Army General Staff. They were staffed by men of proven "anticommunist" credentials.
They were abolished in 1982 by the socialist government of Andreas Papandreou, and replaced by the National Guard.
# Cimarron Canyon State Park

Cimarron Canyon State Park is a state park of New Mexico, United States, located 3 miles (4.8 km) east of Eagle Nest in the Colin Neblett Wildlife Area. The park extends for 8 miles (13 km) along the Cimarron Canyon between Tolby Creek and Ute Park. The Palisades Sill forms spectacular cliffs above the Cimarron River here.
The park is home to a newly constructed visitor center in the Tolby campground, as well as three developed day use areas. The park includes numerous trails, which are used for hiking in the summer and snow shoeing in the winter, the most popular being the Clear Creek Trail, which follows the Clear Creek and offers views of several small waterfalls. Throughout the year, you can expect to see deer, elk, bear, turkey, and many species of birds. Self pay stations are located throughout the park at all campgrounds and some day use areas. Day use permits are $5 per vehicle per day, although other fees may apply for users of the Colin Neblett Wildlife Area.

## Fishing

The park is popular for trout fishing in the Cimarron River and its tributaries, Clear Creek and Tolby Creek. Stocked trout include rainbow and brown. The river is maintained by the New Mexico Department of Game and Fish at a trout density of approximately 3,000 fish per mile, although water flow can vary between 2 and 50 cfs.[2] Fishing season is busiest during the summer months. There is also popular fishing at the Gravel Pit Lakes within the Maverick Campground. The lakes got their names as material was drawn from where the lakes now sit, to be used as base course for U.S. Route 64. The park hosts a children's fishing derby every Mother's day weekend.

## Camping

Cimarron Canyon State Park boasts three full campgrounds, which are located along the river between the villages of Eagle Nest and Ute Park. These include the Maverick, Tolby, and Ponderosa campgrounds, as well as Black Jack Tent Area. All three campgrounds offer numerous individual sites for RV or tent camping. Full bathrooms with plumbing (and potable water) are available at each campground, although electricity is not. Campfires are allowed weather permitting, at the discretion of the county fire marshal, in combination with the local park rangers. Normal camping season takes place between the middle of May to mid September, but is usually avoided during the winter months due to snow and freezing temperatures. Camping costs are $10 per night per vehicle and annual camping permits, valid at any New Mexico State Park, are also available.

## Gallery

* Cimarron Canyon State Park, just below the dam for Eagle Nest Lake.
* Deer at Cimarron Canyon State Park