# Árva County

Árva County (Hungarian: Árva vármegye, Latin: Comitatus Arvensis, Slovak: Oravská stolica/župa, German: Komitat Arwa, Polish: Komitat Orawa) was an administrative county (comitatus) of the Kingdom of Hungary since the 14th century until 1920. Its territory is now in northern Slovakia and southern Poland. Today, the Slovak name is only used as an informal designation of the corresponding territory (see Orava region).

## Geography

Between 1804-1854 and 1860-1920, Árva County shared borders with Austrian Galicia and the Hungarian counties of Trencsén, Turóc and Liptó County. The county's territory was situated along the Árva (Orava) river between Zázriva (Zázrivá) and the Tatra mountains. Its area was 2,019 km$^2$ (780 sq mi) around 1910. Now the territory is divided between Poland and Slovakia. The main Polish town of Orava is Jabłonka.

## Capitals

The county seat was at the Orava Castle (Hungarian: Árva vára). After the destruction of the town by the Lithuanian troops in 1683, the seat was moved to Alsókubin (also Kolbin, Kublen, Kubin, Also Helben, Clbin, Culbyn, Cublyn, present-day Dolný Kubín).

## History

Emerging from the Zólyom royal land (Hungarian: zólyomi erdőispánság), the first written mention about Árva County is from 1349. However, the territory had been still referenced as a district in 1351-1368 and it finally became a county with its own self-administration in 1370.
On 13 September 1850, following the Revolutions of 1848 in the Austrian Empire, Árva and Turóc counties were merged to form Árva-Turóc county, becoming part of the Military District of Preßburg; this merger was re-affirmed in 1853 and 1854.$^{:III}$ In 1860 Hungary's pre-1850 counties, including Árva, were restored.
In the aftermath of World War I, the territory of the whole county became part of newly formed Czechoslovakia. After a border dispute (treated in detail under Polish–Czechoslovak border conflicts) several villages in the north-east territory were exchanged between Poland and Czechoslovakia. The former county's Czechoslovak part was abolished with effective date 1 January 1923 and its territory became a part of Váh County.

## Demographics

Population by mother tongue :
| Census | Total | Slovak | Hungarian | German | Other or unknown |
| 1880 | 81,643 | 75,901 (96.26%) | 355 (0.45%) | 2,213 (2.81%) | 378 (0.48%) |
| 1890 | 84,820 | 81,600 (96.20%) | 773 (0.91%) | 1,918 (2.26%) | 529 (0.62%) |
| 1900 | 85,009 | 80,487 (94.68%) | 1,494 (1.76%) | 2,127 (2.50%) | 901 (1.06%) |
| 1910 | 78,745 | 59,096 (75.05%) | 2,000 (2.54%) | 1,518 (1.93%) | 16,131 (20.49%) |
Population by religion :
| Census | Total | Roman Catholic | Lutheran | Jewish | Other or unknown |
| 1880 | 81,643 | 71,407 (87.46%) | 7,272 (8.91%) | 2,934 (3.59%) | 30 (0.04%) |
| 1890 | 84,820 | 74,892 (88.30%) | 7,153 (8.43%) | 2,742 (3.23%) | 33 (0.04%) |
| 1900 | 85,009 | 75,337 (88.62%) | 6,936 (8.16%) | 2,648 (3.11%) | 88 (0.10%) |
| 1910 | 78,745 | 69,788 (88.63%) | 6,674 (8.48%) | 2,205 (2.80%) | 78 (0.10%) |

## Districts

In the early 20th century, the districts and their capitals were:
Districts (járás) :
| District | Capital |
| Alsókubin | Alsókubin (now Dolný Kubín) |
| Námesztó | Námesztó (now Námestovo) |
| Trsztena | Trsztena (now Trstená) |
| Vár | Turdossin (now Tvrdošín) |