OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Patent holding company

A patent holding company (PHC) exists to hold patents on behalf of one or more other companies but does not necessarily manufacture products or supply services based upon the patents held.
Patent holding companies may exist for tax reasons. Patent holding companies may also operate patent pools in order to provide a single source for licensing a patented technology. However, patent holding companies that aggressively seek to enforce patent rights through litigation or threats of litigation are referred to as patent assertion entities (PAEs) or, more pejoratively, patent trolls.

## Patent trolling

On June 4, 2013, in the United States, the National Economic Council and Council of Economic Advisers released a report entitled Patent Assertion and U.S. Innovation that found significant harm to the economy from patent assertion entities and made recommendations to address them. President Barack Obama also addressed the issue, criticizing companies that did not produce anything themselves and existed only to "leverage and hijack somebody else's idea and see if they can extort some money out of them".
# Louise Caire Clark

Louise Caire Clark (born 1949) is a retired American actress.

## Life and career

Clark was born in Santa Monica, California in 1949 and moved back to her mother's home in New Orleans in 1950. Her mother, Audrey Caire, was a National AAU Champion and an actress and model. Her father, William Doran Clark, a decorated hero of the Korean War, was the son of General Mark Wayne Clark. When Clark was age 5, the family moved back to Los Angeles, California. In her early years, her mother was a contract player at 20th Century Fox and she was exposed to the film industry. Her mentor was George Cukor who arranged for speech and voice lessons.
At age 15, the family moved to New York where Clark developed an interest in acting. After graduating from college, she attended and graduated from the Neighborhood Playhouse in New York City, studying under Sanford Meisner. She went on to attend the Actors Studio, studying with Lee Strasberg.
Clark married Peter Gries in 1974, son of the film director Tom Gries, and moved back to California. She did not enjoy acting in California. She and her husband started a small production company and had two sons, Mathew, born in 1976 and Michael, born in 1980. Clark and her husband eventually divorced.
In 1983, at age 34, Clark decided to go back to work as an actress. Her first audition was for Disney Cable's then upcoming TV series, Five Mile Creek which was to be filmed in Australia. She was given the role and relocated. She remained in Australia for two years until the show was cancelled. In 1985, she returned to the United States with her two sons.
Clark has acted sporadically in smaller roles in film and television and has also appeared in over 300 television commercials. Her sister is the actress Doran Clark, married to the producer Peter Abrams.
Clark later married Ben Goddard, who wrote and produced the "Harry and Louise" advertisements, in which she played Louise, paid for by private health insurance companies to help defeat the Clinton health care plan of 1993. In 2000, they produced the movie The Testimony of Taliesin Jones. Goddard died 15 June, 2018.

## Filmography
### Actress

* Get Christie Love! (1974) 1 episode (Karen Clark)
* The Catamount Killing (1974) (Iris Loring)
* Helter Skelter (1976) TV
* She's Dressed to Kill (1979) TV
* Five Mile Creek (1983–1985) TV - 39 Episodes, 3 Seasons (Maggie Scott)
* Hardcastle and McCormick (1985) TV - Season 3, Episode 12
* Cobra (1986) woman in car
* Matlock (1987) TV - 1 episode (Jesse Peters)
* Stingray (1987) TV - 1 episode (Autumn)
* Programmed to Kill (1987) film (Sharon - A.K.A. "The Retaliator")
* Head of the Class (1990) TV - 1 episode (Joanna)

### Producer

* The Testimony of Taliesin Jones (2000) film
# Male Dole pri Stehanji Vasi

Male Dole pri Stehanji Vasi (pronounced; Slovene: Male Dole pri Stehanji vasi, German: Kleindule) is a small settlement just west of Stehanja Vas in the Municipality of Trebnje in eastern Slovenia. The area is part of the historical region of Lower Carniola. The municipality is now included in the Southeast Slovenia Statistical Region.

## Name

The name of the settlement was changed from Male Dole to Male Dole pri Stehanji vasi in 1953. In the past the German name was Kleindule.
# Jadidabad-e Shandak

Jadidabad-e Shandak (Persian: جديدابادشندك, also Romanized as Jadīdābād-e Shandak; also known as Shāndak, Shandak, Shandak Ghal‘eh Bīd, Shandak Morad Abad, and Shandaq) is a village in Gowhar Kuh Rural District, Nukabad District, Khash County, Sistan and Baluchestan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 189, in 36 families.
# Kralji

Kralji (pronounced; in older sources also Kralje, German: Wertatsch) is a small settlement in the Municipality of Kočevje in southern Slovenia. The area is part of the traditional region of Lower Carniola and is now included in the Southeast Slovenia Statistical Region.

## Mass grave

Kralji is the site of a mass grave associated with the Second World War. The Lower Videm Mass Grave (Slovene: Grobišče pod Vidmom) lies in the woods about 220 meters (720 ft) south of the church in the hamlet of Videm in the neighboring settlement of Knežja Lipa. It contains the remains of unidentified victims.

## Church

The local church was a 17th-century pilgrimage church on a hill south of the settlement dedicated to the Prophet Elijah. It was burned down in a fire before the Second World War and was not rebuilt.
# Khimeh Ja

Khimeh Ja (Persian: خيمه جا, also Romanized as Khīmeh Jā) is a village in Abezhdan Rural District, Abezhdan District, Andika County, Khuzestan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 39, in 8 families.
# Bay of Greifswald

The Bay of Greifswald or Greifswald Bodden (German: Greifswalder Bodden) is a basin in the southwestern Baltic Sea, off the shores of Germany in the state of Mecklenburg-Vorpommern. With an area of 514 km², it is the largest Bodden of the German Baltic coast.
To the west is the island of Rügen; to the southeast, the island of Usedom; to the east, the Bay of Pomerania, and to the south, the German mainland. The bay is also joined to the Baltic Sea through the Strelasund, a narrow sound separating Rügen from the mainland. The bay's northern end is sometimes called the Rügischer Bodden.
The bay itself has a heavily indented coastline, making it a bay of bays. The headlands of Mönchgut (in east Rügen) and Zudar (in south Rügen) – the former actually being made up of several peninsulae – subdivide the bay into many smaller bays. The bay's main port is Greifswald. Amongst the islands in the east of the bodden are Vilm, Koos, Riems and the former island of Stubber, now a sandbank.
The Bay of Greifswald is quite shallow, with an average depth of 5.6 m, and a maximum depth of 13.5 m. Its water is brackish rather than briny owing to inflow from rivers, and the Baltic Sea's complex hydrography (saltier water is generally found only at greater depths there). The average salinity is at 7 to 8 psu, ranging from 5.3 and 12.2 psu.
Before German reunification in 1990, the Bay of Greifswald was a public watersports venue, unlike most of East Germany's Baltic coast. The local geography made it easy to keep watch over the bay, thereby thwarting those who thought to use it to flee the country. The place outside the Warsaw Pact nearest the bay was the Danish island of Bornholm, more than 100 km away.
* Flachlandschaft am Greifswalder Bodden (Flat Landscape on the Bay of Greifswald), Caspar David Friedrich, about 1830-1834
* The Bodden seen from Sundhagen
# Martyrs' Square, Tripoli

The Martyrs' Square (Arabic: ميدان الشهداء Maydān ash-Shuhadā'); known as Green Square (الساحة الخضراء as-Sāḥah al-Khaḍrā') under the Gaddafi government; Independence Square (ميدان الاستقلال Maydān al-Istiqlāl) during the monarchy; and originally (during Italian colonial rule) known as Piazza Italia ("Italy Square") is a downtown landmark at the bay in the city of Tripoli, Libya. The main commercial center of the city surrounds the square. The Square is also a main tourist attraction in Tripoli. It has a large legendary fountain designed by an Italian architect at the centre of the square. The square is the meeting point of many different avenues. Omar Mukhtar Avenue is one of the longest in North Africa, it was built by Italians in the colonial time, and Libyans during the era of King Idris I. Independence Street branches from the square too, and it leads to the Palace of King Idris I. 24 December Avenue is also an Italian built avenue. Mizran Street is the last street that branches from the Martyrs' Square.

## History

The square was originally constructed by the Italian colonial rulers on the site of the old bread market (sūq al-khubs), and it was expanded on several occasions during the 1930s.
During the Italian colonial period, it was called Piazza Italia ("Italy Square"). After Libyan independence in 1951, it was known as "Independence Square" during the Libyan monarchy (1951–1969). After the 1969 revolution by Gaddafi, the square was renamed again to "Green Square" to mark his political philosophy in his Green Book.

### 2011 Libyan civil war

On the night of 21–22 August, Libyan rebel groups took control of the area during the 2011 Battle of Tripoli and started referring to it as Martyrs' Square to dissociate the square from the Gaddafi government and to commemorate those who died in the fight against his government. On Eid ul-Fitr (31 August) and again on 2 September, tens of thousands of Tripoli residents, including many women and children, gathered on Martyrs' Square to celebrate the end of Gaddafi's rule.

## Facilities

It features the Red Castle (As-saraya Al-hamra), which hosts Libya's Antiquities Department and the National Museum with a collection of Phoenician, Greek and Roman artefacts. The museum also exhibits a statue of Venus from the Hadrianic Baths at Leptis, a complete Libyan-Roman tomb from the Ghirza region, and a colourful Volkswagen Beetle used by Colonel Gaddafi leading up to the revolution. On the other side, a wide avenue leading towards the seafront with two tall pillars. On top of the pillars are an iron-cast, miniature wooden ship; the other one features a horseback rider.
The Royal Miramare Theatre used to be located across from the Red Castle, but it was demolished by Gaddafi's government after the 1960s to create space for large demonstrations.
# The Last Full Measure (novel)

The Last Full Measure (ISBN 0-345-43481-1 (10 ISBN), ISBN 978-0-345-43481-4 (13 ISBN)) is a novel by American author Jeffrey Shaara, published on May 2, 2000, by Ballantine Books. It is the sequel to The Killer Angels and Gods and Generals. Together, the three novels complete an American Civil War trilogy relating events from 1858 to 1865.

## History

The novel, along with the second part of the trilogy, Gods and Generals (1996) were written by Shaara after the death of his father, Michael Shaara, author of the Pulitzer Prize-winning The Killer Angels. Employing the same style as the previous two books in the series, The Last Full Measure is written as a first-person narrative from various officers of the Union and Confederate Armies as they regroup after Gettysburg and move into the final two years of the war. Characters featured include General Robert E. Lee, newly promoted Brigadier General Joshua Chamberlain, and Lieutenant General Ulysses S. Grant.
The novel's title comes from a line in the Gettysburg Address: "It is rather for us to be here dedicated to the great task remaining before us—that from these honored dead we take increased devotion to that cause for which they gave the last full measure of devotion."
Like the first two novels of the trilogy, The Last Full Measure was planned to be made into a feature film by Ted Turner. However, Gods and Generals performed so poorly at the box office that the project was abandoned due to lack of interest and funding.
# Kafr El Sheikh SC

Kafr El Sheikh Sporting Club (Arabic: نادي كفر الشيخ للألعاب الرياضية), is an Egyptian football club based in Kafr El Sheikh, Egypt. The club plays in the Egyptian Second Division, the second-highest league in the Egyptian football league system.
# Chah Afzal Castle

Chah Afzal castle (Persian: قلعه چاه افضل) is a historical castle located in Ardakan County in Yazd Province, The longevity of this fortress dates back to the Safavid dynasty.
# Hermann Bahr

Hermann Anastas Bahr (German pronunciation:; 19 July 1863 – 15 January 1934) was an Austrian writer, playwright, director, and critic.

## Biography

Born and raised in Linz, Bahr studied in Vienna, Graz, Czernowitz and Berlin, devoting special attention to philosophy, political economy, philology and law. During a prolonged stay in Paris, he discovered his interest in literature and art. He began working as an art critic, first in Berlin, then in Vienna. In 1890 he became associate editor of Berliner Freie Bühne (Berlin Free Stage), and later became associate editor and critic of the Deutsche Zeitung (German Newspaper). In 1894 he began publication of Die Zeit (The Times), and was also editor of the Neue Wiener Tagblatt (New Vienna Daily Flyer) and the Oesterreichische Volkszeitung (Austrian Popular Newspaper).
In 1906–07, Bahr worked with Max Reinhardt as a director at the German Theater (German: Deutsches Theater) in Berlin, and starting in 1918 he was a Dramaturg with the Vienna Burgtheater.
Spokesman for the literary group Young Vienna, Bahr was an active member of the Austrian avant-garde, producing both criticism and Impressionist plays. Bahr's association with the coffeehouse literati made him one of the main targets of Karl Kraus's satirical journal Die Fackel (The Torch) after Kraus's falling out with the group.
Bahr was the first critic to apply the label modernism to literary works, and was an early observer of Expressionism. His theoretical papers were important in the definition of new literary categories. His 40 plays and around 10 novels never reached the quality of his theoretical work. He died, aged 70, in Munich.

## Selected fiction
### Plays

* The New People (Die neuen Menschen – 1887)
* The Mother (Die Mutter – 1891)
* Das Tschaperl (1897)
* Der Star (1899)
* Wienerinnen (1900)
* Der Krampus (1902)
* Ringelspiel (1907)
* The Concert (Das Konzert – 1909)
* The Children (Die Kinder – 1911)
* Das Prinzip (1912)
* Der Querulant (1914)
* The Master (Der Meister – 1904)

### Short stories and novellas

* The School of Love (Die gute Schule. Seelenstände – 1890)
* Fin de siècle (1891)
* Die Rahl (1908)
* O Mensch (1910)
* Österreich in Ewigkeit (1929)

## Selected nonfiction
### Essays

* Zur Kritik der Moderne (1890)
* Die Überwindung des Naturalismus (1891)
* Symbolisten (1894)
* Wiener Theater (1899)
* Frauenrecht (1912) eLibrary Austria Project (elib austria full text)
* Inventur (1912)
* Expressionismus (1916)
* Burgtheater (1920)

### Books

* Theater (1897)
* Drut (1909)
* Himmelfahrt (1916)
* Die Rotte Korahs (1919)
* Self-Portrait (Selbstbildnis – 1923), an autobiography
# Shahsavari, Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad

Shahsavari (Persian: شهسواري, also Romanized as Shahsavārī) is a village in Bahmayi-ye Sarhadi-ye Gharbi Rural District, Dishmok District, Kohgiluyeh County, Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad Province, Iran. According to the 2006 census, it had a population of 160, in 26 families.
# JSM Tiaret

Jeunesse Sportive Madinet Tiaret (Arabic: الشبيبة الرياضية لمدينة تيارت), known as JSM Tiaret or simply JSMT for short, is an Algerian football club based in Tiaret, Algeria. The club was founded on 1943 and its colours are blue and white. Their home stadium, Ahmed Kaïd Stadium, has a capacity of 14,000 spectators. The club is currently playing in the Algerian Ligue 2.

## History

The club was founded on 7 April 1943 under the name of Jeunesse Sportive Musulmane de Tiaret.
On August 5, 2020, JSM Tiaret were promoted to the Algerian Ligue 2.

## Honours

* Algerian Ligue 1
    Third place (1): 1987–88
* Algerian Ligue 2
    Champions (3): 1969–70, 1983–84, 1986–87
# Lan Mu

Lan Mu (1872–1943; Chinese: 藍木; pinyin: Lán Mù; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Nâ Bo̍k) was from Dabu, Chaozhou of Guangdong Province. He was a famous craftsman of traditional architecture in Taiwan and Penghu during 1916 to 1943. According to the area of his hometown, he might be a Hakka.

## Biography

Lan Mu's parents died in his early years and he went to be a craftsman's apprentice to raise himself and his younger brother Lan He (藍合). Based on his hard work and talent, he became a wood carving master in Chaozhou.
In 1916 (Taishō 5th year), Lan Mu left his hometown and moved to Penghu with his brother. In 1923, (Taishō 11th year), Lan Mu was assigned to be the chief architect of the Penghu Mazu Temple restoration. At the time, he was 40 years old (as the East Asian age reckoning). Three years later, Lan Mu and other craftsmen successfully finished the repair.
Penghu Mazu Temple was the most important work in Lan Mu's career. In addition to Mazu Temple, Lan Mu took part in other repair works, such as Beiji Temple and Beichen Temple, both located at Magong City. Beiji Temple was destroyed by the United States Army Air Forces during World War II and Beichen Temple was dismantled and rebuilt in 1981.
Lan Mu also had a printing factory in Penghu. His descendants took it over until the present.

## Gallery

Lee Chien-lang (李乾朗), a Taiwanese traditional architecture investigator, speaks very highly of Lan Mu's works. Moreover, because Lan Mu was from Guangdong, he was different from most of craftsmen in Taiwan main island who were from Fujian. His shape pattern and the decorations had a unique style; he preferred square pillars, and the carving work he did was much finer.
* Penghu Mazu Temple
# Chahardangeh District (Sari County)

Chahardangeh District (Persian: بخش چهاردانگه) is in Sari County, Mazandaran province, Iran. Its capital is the city of Kiasar.

## Demographics
### Population

At the time of the 2006 National Census, the district's population was 19,969 in 5,149 households. The following census in 2011 counted 15,796 people in 4,871 households. The 2016 census measured the population of the district as 17,376 inhabitants in 6,035 households.

### Administrative divisions

Chahardangeh District Population :
| Administrative Divisions | 2006 | 2011 | 2016 |
| Chahardangeh RD | 5,884 | 4,081 | 4,864 |
| Garmab RD | 6,610 | 5,533 | 5,804 |
| Poshtkuh RD | 3,885 | 3,345 | 3,324 |
| Kiasar (city) | 3,590 | 2,837 | 3,384 |
| Total | 19,969 | 15,796 | 17,376 |
| RD = Rural District ||||
# Garab, Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad

Garab (Persian: گراب, also Romanized as Garāb; also known as Garm Ab) is a village in Tayebi-ye Sarhadi-ye Gharbi Rural District, Charusa District, Kohgiluyeh County, Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 305, in 67 families.
# Allah Now Bazar

Allah Now Bazar (Persian: الله نوبازار, also Romanized as Allah Now Bāzār; also known as ‘Alā Nūr Bāzār) is a village in Polan Rural District, Polan District, Chabahar County, Sistan and Baluchestan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 52, in 10 families.
# Yellow Springs, Chester County, Pennsylvania

Yellow Springs is a historic village in West Pikeland Township in Chester County, Pennsylvania. It is located between Phoenixville and Downingtown.

## History

The community includes historic churches, established in the 1770s by German Reformed and Lutheran members.

## Geography

The village is located at the western end of Yellow Springs Road, a spur from Pennsylvania Route 113 near Chester Springs.
# Ardalan Castle

Ardalan castle (Persian: قلعه اردلان) is a historical castle located in Tuyserkan County in Hamadan Province, The longevity of this fortress dates back to the Qajar dynasty.
# Dans la nuit (film)

Dans la nuit (English: In the Night) is a 1929 French silent film by Charles Vanel. The film is a macabre drama about a disfigured worker who wears a mask to hide his face from his unfaithful wife. The producers imposed a happy ending on the film. Louis Sclavis recorded a jazz soundtrack album Dans la nuit for ECM in 2002.

## Plot

In a small mining town, a couple gets married, attending a celebration in town before returning home for the night. Months later, the husband is injured because of an explosion at the pit where he works. He survives but is left with disfiguring scars on his face, which he covers with a mask.
The wife falls for another man, and the two form a plan to run away together. At the last minute, the husband comes home to find them together, ready to leave. The two men get into a fight, each wearing a mask, and the husband is overpowered. They dump the body into a pool of water in the mine. The following morning, the wife begs to leave town, only to find that her husband had attacked her affair partner and taken his place before they hid the body. She awakens in bed to see her unscarred husband and realizes that the whole story had been a terrible nightmare.
# Manda una Señal

"Manda Una Señal" (English: Send A Sign) is a Latin rock/rock song performed by the Mexican band Maná for their seventh studio album Amar es Combatir (2006). In early 2007, the song was released as the third official single from the album, and climbed to the #1 position of the Billboard Hot Latin Tracks chart.

## Music video

The music video (directed by Wayne Isham) was shot in Hollywood, Los Angeles. It shows the band performing live on stage throughout the video. First, crowds gather to see Maná performing live. Then the band walks down the Hollywood Walk of Fame and sees a couple exchanging their mobile phones in front of an open-air café. Maná are then shown in a car, driving down the streets of Hollywood. Later, a lone woman is shown waiting in an uninhabited queue line for the Revenge of the Mummy attraction. A couple is later shown in front of a mobile phone shop. Later, some people are shown in a hamburger bar.
# Busu Dima

Busu Dima (Bishu Dima) is an annual cultural festival celebrated by the Dimasa Kachari tribe of India. It is the main harvesting festival for Dimasa people. It is celebrated after the completion of grain harvest in different villages. The festival is usually organized in January.

## Festival

Busu Dima festival is divided into these three types:

### Jidaap

    Jidaap is a Busu festival that lasts for 2 days.

### Surem Baino

    Surem Baino is a Busu festival that is celebrated for a total of five days.

### Hangshu Busu

    Hangshu Busu, which is celebrated for a total of seven days.

## Dance

The festival is followed by singing accompanied by the rhythm of Kharam (drums), Muri (fife) the wooden bugle continues first to third days without stop. The boys and girls, everyone comes and they gather together with their traditional dress whole night by dancing in the festival.
# Farsun, Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari

Farsun (Persian: فارسون, also Romanized as Fārsūn; also known as Farsan) is a village in Armand Rural District, in the Central District of Lordegan County, Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 583, in 105 families.