OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Act to Stop the Decline

Act to Stop the Decline (Italian: Fare per Fermare il Declino, Fare or FFD) was a liberal political party in Italy, founded in 2012 as Stop the Decline (Fermare il Declino, FiD). Oscar Giannino and Michele Boldrin have been its main leaders.

## History

FFD was launched in July 2012 as a spinoff of a cultural movement, "Fermare il Declino" initiated by a group of seven economists with an open letter published in Italy's major newspapers: Oscar Giannino, Michele Boldrin, Sandro Brusco, Alessandro De Nicola, Andrea Moro, Carlo Stagnaro and Luigi Zingales. The manifesto of the association was signed by 240 personalities and, as of May 2013, had attracted more than 70,000 signatures.
The core goals of FFD included the reduction of the national debt by 20% of GDP in 5 years, the reduction of the public expenditure by at least 6% of GDP in 5 years, the reduction of the tax burden on citizens by at least 5% in 5 years, the introduction of a serious federalism, university reform, liberalizations and privatizations.
On 8 December 2012 it was announced that the association would run an electoral list in the 2013 general election. In the election, held in February 2013, the party obtained 1.2%, returning no seats. Luigi Zingales left the party that same month.
FFD contested the 2014 European election within the European Choice (SE) electoral list alongside Civic Choice, Democratic Centre and other minor parties. The list received just 0.7% of the vote and failed to elect any MEPs. Boldrin publicly expressed his regret about the decision to take part in SE and criticized its coalition partners and Guy Verhofstadt.
The party has since been almost inactive and lost media attention and notability. In late 2015 the official website was no longer active.

## Electoral results
### Italian Parliament

Chamber of Deputies :
| Election year | # of overall votes | % of overall vote | # of overall seats won | +/– | Leader |
| 2013 | 380,937 (#10) | 1.2 | 0 / 630 | – | Oscar Giannino |
Senate of the Republic :
| Election year | # of overall votes | % of overall vote | # of overall seats won | +/– | Leader |
| 2013 | 278,396 (#9) | 0.9 | 0 / 315 | – | Oscar Giannino |

### European Parliament

| Election year | # of overall votes | % of overall vote | # of overall seats won | +/– | Leader |
| 2014 | 197,942 (#9) | 0.7 | 0 / 73 | – | Michele Boldrin |

## Leadership

* President/Coordinator: Oscar Giannino (2012–2013), Silvia Enrico (acting, 2013), Michele Boldrin (2013–2014)
* President of the National Assembly: Santo Versace (2014)
# Sarv-e Jahan Castle

Sarv-e Jahan castle (Persian: قلعه سروجهان) is a historical castle located in Abhar County in Zanjan Province, The longevity of this fortress dates back to the Ilkhanate and Seljuk Empire.
# Walkatomica

Walkatomica was a steam boat that operated 1885-1898 around St. Marks, Florida.
Walkatomica was built in Tallahassee by Capt. William P. Slusser. Its construction commenced in late January and February 1885. It was inspected on June 13, 1885 and put on flat cars of the Florida Railway & Navigation Co. for the 3½ hour trip to the coast. There it was launched June 18, 1885.
The steam boat met the train from Tallahassee to St. Marks and made regular runs to Newport, Wakulla County, Carrabelle and St. Teresa. Cost for a round trip ticket for train and steamer was $2.25.
It burned during a fire on October 4, 1898.
# Povitrulya

Povitrulya (Ukrainian: Повітруля) is a national Ukrainian mythological positive character.

## Description

They are associated with the element of wind (daughter of mountain winds); are light, able to move in the air without touching the ground, often depicted with wings and dressed in flowers from head to toe. Although mostly described as a red-haired beauty, she can change her appearance from young to old and vice versa. They love to help lovers in love affairs. They comes from the Carpathian region in Ukraine. It is believed that if someone dreams of a loved one for nine nights in a row, then on the tenth night, Povitrulya descends from the sky in her image. Shepherds, who refuse nothing to their aerial mistresses, never lose their sheep.
Povitruli can be attributed to the demonological characters of the so-called "lower mythology" (as well as rusalki, mavki), which is characterized by stability and has remained almost unchanged until now, because it was less influenced by Christianity than "higher" (belief in the main gods).

## Legends and beliefs

In the summer, the young shepherd returned to his hut at midnight. On the lake, he suddenly saw a bunch of girls of unusual beauty. One of them especially stunned him. The next time, on the advice of the old shepherd, he hid in the moss in the same place and stole the wings of his beloved. The povitruli could not catch up with him, but his beloved came to his cradle. He married her, a boy was born. One day the man was gone, and the povitrulya stole back her wings, although the old shepherd advised him to burn them on the pyre. She flew off to her friends - you can't change windy women. They, like wolves, always look into the forest, that is, for harm. The shepherd longed for her very much, he could not find a place for himself. Finally, he left his fellow shepherds and went into the woods to look for his wife. And found in the cave, with his son. "Get out of here, in a good way," she said, "or my sisters will fly back with our mother and tear you to shreds." But he burned her wings, forbade her to fly into harm's way and led her to the shepherd's hut.

### In fiction

In his individual myth-making, V. Pachovsky depicts the Povitrulya as one of the types of Rusalka (mermaids). According to the poet himself, these are "airy mermaids with wings, hidden by superstition in Transcarpathia". But unlike traditional mermaids, who have a harmful influence, they are endowed with only positive traits. Since the Povitrulya has the ability to move through the air thanks to its wings, for the lyrical hero of Pachovsky's poem "Red rose, white lily..." it is the embodiment of the spirit of the native land. In the poem "My Lucy, the heart is sick" an antinomy between Rusalka and Povitrulya is created, where the Rusalka is the embodiment of female attractiveness, temptation that brings disappointment, and the air is a symbol of creativity, inspiration, one of the guises of the Muse:
   Goldwing Povitrulya
   She removed the haze from her eyes, I looked into her face - But you, my princess, In the summer, wings are equal to me,
   My Muse, my world!
# Oberried, Baden-Württemberg

Oberried is a town in the district of Breisgau-Hochschwarzwald in Baden-Württemberg in southern Germany.
Oberried is home to the Barbarastollen caves, the central safekeeping archive of Germany. The Barbarastollen holds microfilms with millions of images from German archives and museums.

## Demographics

Population development:
| Year | Inhabitants |
| 1990 | 2,519 |
| 2001 | 2,791 |
| 2011 | 2,870 |
| 2021 | 2,833 |
# Sankt Märgen

Sankt Märgen (Low Alemannic: Sankt Märge) is a German municipality in the middle of the Black Forest, which belongs to the district of Breisgau-Hochschwarzwald. The Kurort (spa town) is located around 25 km east of Freiburg im Breisgau.

## Geography
### Geographical location

Sankt Märgen is located on a mountain spur. The village territory extends from the Thurner Plateau in the south to the eastern foothills of Kandel to the north, which are between 570 and 1132 meters high. To the east and west its boundaries are marked by deep valleys.

### Municipal Arrangement

Around half the residents live in the village proper. The rest live across the surrounding countryside.

## History

Between 1115 and 1118 the Augustinian monastery of Maria-Zell auf dem Schwarzwald was established by Count Bruno von Haigerloch-Wiesneck, Chancellor of Henry V and Provost of Straßburg, as competition to the Zähringen-founded Benedictine monastery of St. Peter auf dem Schwarzwald. The town and the monastery were dependent upon each other for many years. In 1716 a two-steepled Baroque monastery church was built, and the life of the community underwent a revival, until 1806 when the monastery was given up.

## Politics
### Mayors

* 1977-1993 Manfred Holzmann (CDU)
* 1993-today: Josef Waldvogel (CDU)

### Sister cities

* Erdeven, southern Brittany, France, since 1997
# Sankt Peter, Baden-Württemberg

Sankt Peter is a municipality in the district of Breisgau-Hochschwarzwald in Baden-Württemberg in Germany.

## Geography
### Location

St. Peter is a climatic spa located within the Southern Black Forest Nature Park, on the southern flank of the Kandel, about 12 miles east of Freiburg im Breisgau.

### Administrative structure

To the municipality of St. Peter belong the village of Bürgerschaft, the hamlet of Sägendobel, the settlements of Kandelberg, Neuwelt, Oberibental, Ränke, Rohr, Schmittenbach, Schönhöfe, Seelgut and Willmendobel and the farmsteads of Eckpeterhof, Langeck and Lindlehof.

## History

The Abbey of St. Peter in the Black Forest was founded in 1093 by the Duke of Zähringen, Berthold II as his house abbey and family burial site. The municipality developed gradually over time around the abbey.
When the estates of the Church were seized and sold or transferred during Napoleon's conquest of Europe, the village of St. Peter was handed to the Grand Duchy of Baden in 1806 and, since 1952, they have been part of the state of Baden-Württemberg.
In 1899, fire broke out in the village centre of St. Peter, whereupon 23 houses were destroyed and 150 people made homeless.
At the end of the Second World War there was a Reich training centre of the Hitler Youth in St. Peter.
Population growth :
| Year | 1806 | 1871 | 1900 | 1925 | 1939 | 1950 | 1961 | 1970 | 1989 | 1995 | 2005 | 2010 | 2015 |
| Population | 1480 | 1308 | 1383 | 1378 | 1426 | 1500 | 1529 | 1797 | 2207 | 2362 | 2508 | 2547 | 2583 |
Source: Statistisches Landesamt Baden-Württemberg (except 1806); 1871–1970: Census results

## Gallery

* The abbey church of St. Peter and St. Paul
* Gateway to the abbey courtyard (Klosterhof)
* Steyrer Strasse
* Panorama between Sankt Peter and the Glottertal valley
# Arthur K. Atkinson

Arthur K. Atkinson (1892–1964) was an executive of the Wabash Railroad. After working for the Denver and Rio Grande Railroad, he joined the Wabash in 1922 and was promoted to vice president in 1929. In 1947 he became chief financial officer, and president in 1947. He was elected to be chairman of the board in 1959, and he retired from the company in 1960.
In 1949, Atkinson served as a director for the Chicago Railroad Fair.

## Legacy

Railroad car ferry number 6 owned by Ann Arbor Railroad was named Arthur K. Atkinson in his honor on March 14, 1959, when it returned to the Great Lakes after a rebuild.
# Valentyna Bolshova

Valentyna Anatoliyivna Bolshova (Ukrainian: Валенти́на Анато́ліївна Большо́ва; Russian: Валенти́на Анато́льевна Большо́ва; née Maslovskaya; 30 January 1937 – 21 May 2023) was a Ukrainian sprinter. She competed in the women's 200 metres at the 1960 Summer Olympics representing the Soviet Union.
Maslovskaya was the wife of Soviet athlete Viktor Bolshov, mother of Soviet-Moldovan athlete Olga Bolșova, and grandmother of Moldovan-Spanish tennis player Aliona Bolșova. Maslovskaya died on 21 May 2023 in Spain; she was previously misreported to have died in 2002.
# Schallbach

Schallbach is a municipality in the district of Lörrach in Baden-Württemberg in Germany.
# Schopfheim

Schopfheim is a town in the district of Lörrach in Baden-Württemberg, Germany. It is situated on the river Wiese, 10 km north of Rheinfelden, and 13 km east of Lörrach.
The town is the birthplace of Gisela Oeri, Max Picard, and Arno Villringer.

## Transport

The Wiese Valley Railway runs through the town and serves four stations: Schopfheim West, Schopfheim, Schopfheim-Schlattholz, and Fahrnau.

## Gallery

* Street view Hauptstrasse
* Market square
* Reformed church
* Catholic church
# Wembach

Wembach is a village and municipality in the district of Lörrach in Baden-Württemberg in Germany.
# Domínguez's expedition to Honduras

Domínguez's expedition to Honduraswas an unsuccessful military expedition carried by the Mexican general, Vicente Domínguez in an attempt to re-establish Spanish control on Honduras.

## Background

Vicente Domínguez, a Mexican Colonel was expelled from Central America for opposing Honduras' leader Morazán, he returned in 1831. Seizing the northern coast, he joined a conservative federalist plan led by Manuel José Arce to invade Honduras from three fronts. Supported by Spain, the plan aimed to disable ports and capture Comayagua, with El Salvador providing additional troops.

## Conflict

In November of 1831, Colonel Ramón Guzmán surprised the Fortaleza de San Fernando de Omoa with 200 men, raising the Spanish flag. Colonel Vicente Domínguez seized Fortaleza de Santa Bárbara, executing the French captain Richard Duplessis. Domínguez sought support for a return to Spanish monarchy, loading the ship "Fénix" with arms for a revolution in Cuba. Alleged supporters included traders and priests. Meanwhile, General Francisco Morazán defended the Central American Federal Territory against Mexican intervention. Morazán's troops, led by Colonel Nícolas Raoul and Mexican Colonel José Martínez, defeated forces supporting Manuel José Arce on February 24, 1832. Simultaneously, in El Salvador, Morazán, with Colonels Narciso Benítez and Ramón Valladares, engaged in battles against Salvadoran forces, ultimately capturing San Salvador on March 28 and calling for elections.
The rebels managed to get in Honduras territory. Colonel José Antonio Márquez led government forces against rebels. The decisive Jaitique clash marked a turning point, resulting in Márquez's death. Subsequently, Colonel Guzmán's rebellion crumbled with the fall of Omoa after a six-month siege. Despite efforts by Vicente Domínguez, his defeat and capture occurred in May 1832. The battles encompassed confrontations in Trujillo, Tercales, and the significant engagement at Jaitique, leading to the ultimate surrender of Omoa and the capture of key rebel leaders.
During the 6-month siege of San Fernando de Omoa, an estimated 1,000 casualties occurred. Colonel Vicente Domínguez was executed on September 14, 1832. Caribbeans supporting conservatives faced persecution, with some fleeing to British Honduras (Belize). Honduras incurred debts for the campaign, and the government took measures post-war, including creating health boards and addressing military service regulations.
# Yaniv, Vyshhorod Raion, Kyiv Oblast

Yaniv (Ukrainian: Янів; Russian: Янов, romanized: Yanov) is an abandoned village in Vyshhorod Raion, Kyiv Oblast, northern Ukraine. It is located south of Pripyat and west of the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant.

## History

First mentioned in the 18th century, it was the scene of some bloody battles between 3 and 15 October 1943, during the "Chernihiv-Pripyat Operation" of the World War II.
Part of the (now defunct) Chernobyl Raion, ten years after the construction of the nuclear plant in 1970, Yaniv became administratively part of the new adjacent city of Pripyat, founded in the same year. Immediately after the Chernobyl disaster, on April 27, 1986, the 100 villagers were completely evacuated and resettled elsewhere, due to the high level of radioactive contamination. Because of the impossibility of effective decontamination of most buildings, they were destroyed and buried in 1987.
The village, deregistered on April 1, 2003, is included in the "10 Km Zone" of the Chernobyl Exclusion Zone. De jure, it belongs to Pripyat, which didn't lose its status of "city of regional significance", but is de facto part of Vyshhorod Raion.
From February to April 2022, Yaniv was occupied by Russian forces as a result of the Russian invasion of Ukraine.

## Geography

Located just south of the cooperative market building of Pripyat, and next to the Bridge of Death, Yaniv is a tiny village 2 km far from the nuclear plant, 18 from the town of Chernobyl, and circa 20 from the Belarusian border.
The Yaniv railway station, mainly serving the adjacent city, was an important hub of the Chernihiv–Ovruch line, also used for long-distance trains. After the 1986 disaster, it is out of service along with Yaniv-Ovruch line section. The station building, refurbished in the 2010s, is now used by local workers to repair heavy machinery.
# Roman Catholic Diocese of San Vicente del Caguán

The Diocese of San Vicente del Caguán, shortened to the Diocese of San Vicente (Latin: Diocesis Sancti Vincentii a Caguan), is a Latin Church ecclesiastical territory or diocese of the Catholic Church in Colombia. It is a suffragan diocese in the ecclesiastical province of the metropolitan Archdiocese of Florencia.
The diocesan cathedra, the Catedral Nuestra Señora de las Mercedes, is located in the episcopal see of San Vicente del Caguán in Caqueta Department.

## History

On 9 December 1985, pope John Paul II established the Apostolic Vicariate of San Vicente-Puerto Leguízamo from the Apostolic Vicariate of Florencia (now a bishopric).
Pope Benedict XVI split the vicariate in two on 21 February 2013, creating the Apostolic Vicariate of San Vicente del Caguán and the Apostolic Vicariate of Puerto Leguízamo-Solano.
On 30 May 2019 Pope Francis elevated this Apostolic Vicariate in the rank of diocese. On 13 July 2019 the new created diocese changed province from Ibagué to Florencia

## Ordinaries

(All members of the Consolata Missionaries)

### Apostolic Vicars

* Luis Augusto Castro Quiroga, I.M.C. (17 Oct. 1986 – 2 Feb. 1998), Titular Bishop of Aquæ Flaviæ
* Francisco Javier Múnera Correa, I.M.C. (1998.11.28 – 2019.05.30), Titular Bishop of Aquæ novæ in Numidia

### Diocesan Bishops of San Vicente del Caguán

* Francisco Javier Múnera Correa, I.M.C. (30 May 2019–present)
# Waldshut (district)

Waldshut (German pronunciation:) is a Landkreis (district) in the south of Baden-Württemberg, Germany. Neighbouring districts are (clockwise from the west) Lörrach, Breisgau-Hochschwarzwald and Schwarzwald-Baar; followed in the south by the Swiss cantons of Schaffhausen, Zürich and Aargau.

## History

The district dates to the Oberamt Waldshut, which was created when the area became part of the state of Baden in the beginning of the 19th century. After some changes it was converted to a district in 1938. In 1973 the districts Säckingen and Hochschwarzwald were dissolved and were partially added to the district Waldshut, which then grew to its current size.

## Geography

The district covers the southern part of the Black Forest. The river Rhine forms most of the boundary to Switzerland.

## Coat of arms

The present coat of arms was granted on December 11, 1973, superseding an older one. The bend wavy represents the river Rhine as the main river of the district. The wheel on a blue ground symbolizes the district's hydro-electric power industry (there was also a wheel in the old coat of arms). The abbot's staff was taken from the arms of the district of Säckingen, to symbolize its monasteries. Green is used to signify the Black Forest.

## Towns and municipalities

| Towns | Municipalities |
| Bad Säckingen Bonndorf (Schwarzwald) Laufenburg (Baden) St. Blasien Stühlingen Waldshut-Tiengen Wehr (Baden) | Albbruck Bernau im Schwarzwald Dachsberg (Südschwarzwald) Dettighofen Dogern Eggingen Görwihl Grafenhausen Häusern Herrischried Höchenschwand Hohentengen am Hochrhein Ibach Jestetten Klettgau Küssaberg Lauchringen Lottstetten Murg Rickenbach Todtmoos Ühlingen-Birkendorf Weilheim Wutach Wutöschingen |
| Verwaltungsgemeinschaften | Albbruck Bernau im Schwarzwald Dachsberg (Südschwarzwald) Dettighofen Dogern Eggingen Görwihl Grafenhausen Häusern Herrischried Höchenschwand Hohentengen am Hochrhein Ibach Jestetten Klettgau Küssaberg Lauchringen Lottstetten Murg Rickenbach Todtmoos Ühlingen-Birkendorf Weilheim Wutach Wutöschingen |
| Bonndorf Jestetten Küssaberg Oberes Schlüchttal Bad Säckingen St. Blasien Waldshut-Tiengen Wutöschingen | Albbruck Bernau im Schwarzwald Dachsberg (Südschwarzwald) Dettighofen Dogern Eggingen Görwihl Grafenhausen Häusern Herrischried Höchenschwand Hohentengen am Hochrhein Ibach Jestetten Klettgau Küssaberg Lauchringen Lottstetten Murg Rickenbach Todtmoos Ühlingen-Birkendorf Weilheim Wutach Wutöschingen |
# Shakti Ballav Aryal

Shakti Ballav Aryal (Nepali: शक्तिबल्लभ अर्याल; also known as Shakti Ballav Arjyal or Shakti Ballabh Aryal) was a Nepalese writer, translator, and a Hindu priest.
Aryal has translated numerous Sanskrit works in the Nepali-language including Mahabharat Virat Parva (1771), and Hansyakadamba (1789).
He first wrote Hansyakadamba in Sanskrit and later translated it to Nepali. Aryal served as royal priest to Prithvi Narayan Shah, and Pratap Singh Shah.
His nephew Udayananda Aryal, and Radha Ballav Aryal were also writers.
In 2017, Shakti Ballav Aryal and Bhanubhakta Acharya were praised as their work "laid the adamant foundation for Nepali literature". Aryal was also described to be a "pioneer in humour".

## Works

* Tanahun Bhakundo (1762)
* Mahabharat Virat Parva (1771)
* Hansyakadamba (1789)
# Ghoncheh Khoran

Ghoncheh Khoran (Persian: غنچه خوران, also Romanized as Ghoncheh Khorān; also known as Ghonchehkhoran) is a village in Niyarak Rural District, Tarom Sofla District, Qazvin County, Qazvin Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 68, in 15 families.
# Albury, Oxfordshire

Albury is a village in the civil parish of Tiddington-with-Albury, in the South Oxfordshire district, in Oxfordshire, England, about 5 miles (8 km) west of Thame.
In 1931 the parish had a population of 36. On 1 April 1932 the parish was abolished and merged with Tiddington to form "Tiddington with Albury".

## Manor

Its toponym is derived from the Old English Aldeberie, meaning "old fortified place", suggesting that the village's origins are Saxon.
After the Norman Conquest of England William the Conqueror granted the manor of Albury to William FitzOsbern, 1st Earl of Hereford. When the 1st Earl was killed in battle in Flanders in 1071 his estates in England and Wales passed to his son Roger de Breteuil, 2nd Earl of Hereford. In 1075 the 2nd Earl rebelled against William I, who suppressed the rebellion and confiscated the Earl's estates. It is not clear to whom the king granted Albury, or who held it until early in the 13th century when it belonged to William de Redvers, 5th Earl of Devon. It remained in his family until 1293, when his granddaughter Isabella de Fortibus, Countess of Devon died. Her estates were divided, and Albury passed to Warin de Lisle. It remained with de Lisle's heirs until 1368, when Robert de Lisle, 3rd Baron Lisle surrendered many manors including Albury to Richard II. Thereafter Albury had no feudal overlord.

## Parish church

Albury had a parish church by the beginning of the 13th century. It had a small nave and chancel, two Norman doorways and a 14th-century Decorated Gothic east window. The church's dedicatee was Saint Helen. In 1828 the church was demolished and in 1830 a new St. Helen's was completed, designed by the Gothic Revival architect Thomas Rickman. The only feature that Rickman retained from the old church was the 12th-century font. The architect A. Mardon Mowbray restored the building in 1891. By 1552 the old St. Helen's belfry had two bells. The new St. Helen's also has two, but these were cast in 1686 and the 18th century.

## Economic history

The parish was originally farmed in an open field system. Albury's common lands were enclosed in stages, and the process was complete by the 17th century. The Wycombe Railway extension from Thame to Oxford was completed and opened in 1864. A station was opened in the parish at Tiddington about 0.3 miles (480 m) west of Albury. British Railways closed the line and Tiddington railway station in 1963.

## Notable people

* Richard Wightwick, rector of Albury 1595–1607, later a co-founder of Pembroke College, Oxford