OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Ragnall (name)

Ragnall, Raghnall, Raonall, and Raonull are masculine personal names or given names in several Gaelic languages.
Ragnall occurs in Old Irish, and Middle Irish/Middle Gaelic. It is a Gaelicised form of the Old Norse Røgnvaldr, Rǫgnvaldr, Rögnvaldr. This Old Norse name is composed of two elements: regin, meaning "(Germanic) Gods"; and valdr, meaning "powerful". It has also been suggested that Ragnall could also represent the Old Norse Ragnarr as well. Ragnall can be Anglicised as Ranald and Ronald, and Latinised as Reginald, Reginaldus.
The modern spelling is Raghnall in Scottish Gaelic and either Raghnall or Raonull in Irish. Anglicised forms of Raghnall include: Ranald, Rannal, and Ronald.
The final -ll sound of the Gaelic names are de-vocalized, and to non-Gaelic-speakers this suggests -d sound. In this way the name is similar to the various forms of the Gaelic Domhnall, which can be Anglicised as Donald.

## List of cognates

* Danish: Ragnvald
* Dutch: Ronald, Ron, Ronny, Reinout
* English: Ranald, Reginald, Reynold, Ronald
* Faroese: Røgnvaldur, Ragnvaldur
* French: Reynaud
* German: Reinhold
* Icelandic: Rögnvaldur
* Italian: Rinaldo
* Latin: Reginald, Reginaldus
* Norwegian: Ragnvald
* Old French: Reinald, Reynaud
* Old German: Raginald
* Old Norse: Røgnvaldr, Rǫgnvaldr, Rögnvaldr
* Swedish: Ragnvald
* Welsh: Rheinallt

## List of people with the given name

* Ragnall ua Ímair (died 921), king of the Fair and Dark Foreigners and king of Northumbria, the first known Ragnall
* Ragnall Guthfrithson (fl. 943-944), King of York
* Ragnall mac Gofraid (died 1004/1005), King of the Isles
* Ragnall mac Torcaill (died 1146), ruler of Dublin
* Ragnall Olafsson (fl. 1164), mediaeval ruler of the Isle of Man
* Ragnall Mac Gilla Muire (fl. 1170), leader of Waterford
* Raghnall mac Somhairle (died 1207), king of the Isles and Argyll
* Raghnall mac Gofraidh (died 1229), king of Mann and the Isles
* Raghnall mac Amhlaibh (fl. 1249), king of Mann
* Ranald MacDonald (died 1386) founder of Clanranald
* Ranald George Macdonald (1788-1873), chief of Clan Macdonald of Clanranald and Member of Parliament
* Raonall Smith (born 1978), American, professional American football player

## As a patronymic

* Echmarcach mac Ragnaill (fl. 11th century), king of Dublin, Man and the Isles, and the Rhinns
* Ascall mac Ragnaill (died 1171), the last king of Dublin
* Gofraid mac Ragnaill (died 1231), king of the Isles
* Domhnall mac Raghnaill (fl. early-mid 13th century), Hebridean flaith (prince) and progenitor of Clan Donald
# Zildyarovo

Zildyarovo (Russian: Зильдярово; Bashkir: Елдәр, Yeldär) is a rural locality (a selo) and the administrative centre of Zildyarovsky Selsoviet, Miyakinsky District, Bashkortostan, Russia. The population was 890 as of 2010. There are 11 streets.

## Geography

Zildyarovo is located 34 km southwest of Kirgiz-Miyaki (the district's administrative centre) by road. Shatmantamak is the nearest rural locality.
# Porto Azzurro

Porto Azzurro is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Livorno in the Italian region Tuscany; it is on the island of Elba, located about 130 kilometres (81 miles) southwest of Florence and about 90 kilometres (56 mi) south of Livorno. It was formerly called Porto Longone, and in 1557 Iacopo VI Appiani, Prince of Piombino, granted Spain the right to build a fortress there, so it was transferred to the State of the Presidi that it was born as a direct possession of the crown of Spain. The state had only governors sent by the central Spanish government first and then Austrian. In 1801, Napoleon established the Kingdom of Etruria. Eventually it was transferred to the Grand Duchy of Tuscany.
# Prawet district

Prawet (Thai: ประเวศ, pronounced) is one of the 50 districts of Bangkok, Thailand. It is in the southeast. Neighboring districts are (from the east clockwise) Bang Phli (Samut Prakan province), Bang Na, Phra Khanong, Suan Luang, Bang Kapi, Saphan Sung and Lat Krabang (Bangkok).

## History

Prawet was once part of Phra Khanong District. Prawet was elevated to become a separate district in 1989. Part of Prawet, especially the Suan Luang Sub-district, was carved out to establish Suan Luang District on 14 January 1994.
Its name after Khlong Prawet Burirom, a canal that flows through the northern area.
In October 2005 the plan to create the special administrative area Nakhon Suvarnabhumi around the new Bangkok airport became public. Prawet was supposed to be one of five districts to be included in this new area.

## Administration

The district is sub-divided into three sub-districts (khwaeng).
| No. | Name | Thai | Area (km$^2$) |
| 1. | Prawet | ประเวศ | 22.805 |
| 2. | Nong Bon | หนองบอน | 14.513 |
| 3. | Dokmai | ดอกไม้ | 15.172 |
| Total | Total | Total | 52.490 |

## Motto

The district's motto is "Prawet is green and shady, of particular note is Suan Luang Rama IX, the open university inculcates high moral values and helps to develop model citizens".

## Places
### Education

* Pan-Asia International School
* Wells International School (Wells International Kindergarten Bangna Campus)

### Place of worship

* Masjid Assa'adah
* Wat Kaeo Phithak Charoen Tham
* Wat Krathum Suea Pla
* Wat Taklam
* Yami Ul Ibadah (also known as Masjid Ban Tang Khawi)

### Public park

* Chaloem Phrakiat Mahat Thai Park
* Nong Bon Water Sports Center
* PTT Metro Forest Learning Center
* Suan Luang Rama IX
* Suan Wanatham Park

### Shopping center

* Paradise Park (formerly Seri Center)
* Seacon Square
* Srinagarindra Train Night Market

## Transportation

Srinagarindra Road is a main artery of the district, Chaloem Phra Kiat Ratchakan Thi 9 and Phatthanakan with On Nut (Sukhumvit 77) as well as Sukhaphiban 2 Roads considered as a minor road. Kanchanaphisek Road (Outer Ring Road) passes through the eastern area.
Prawet is served by Ban Thap Chang Station of the State Railway of Thailand, whose eastern line and airport rail link runs past the area.
MRT Yellow Line passes through the district along the Srinagarindra road. Stations are Srinagarindra 38, Suan Luang Rama IX and Si Udom.
# Kalmahr

Kalmahr (Persian: كلمهر’ also known as Kalmar) is a village in Rudpey-ye Shomali Rural District, in the Central District of Sari County, Mazandaran Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 452, in 119 families.
# Karl Theodor Freiherr von und zu Guttenberg

Karl Theodor Maria Georg Achaz Eberhardt Josef Freiherr von und zu Guttenberg (23 May 1921 – 4 October 1972) was a German politician of the Christian Social Union of Bavaria (CSU). He was parliamentary secretary of state in the Chancellor's Office in the government of Kurt Georg Kiesinger from 1967 until 1969, as well as the foreign policy spokesman of the CDU/CSU group in the Bundestag. Guttenberg was perceived as a conservative anticommunist as well as a proponent of European integration. His work was mostly within the field of foreign policy.
Guttenberg served as an officer during World War II, but was punished for anti-Nazi statements and became, through his uncle Karl Ludwig Freiherr von und zu Guttenberg, a member of the anti-Nazi resistance in the German army. While his uncle was imprisoned after the 20 July plot and executed shortly before the war's end, Karl Theodor zu Guttenberg was taken prisoner of war by the British, and soon after started to work for British propaganda, including the Soldatensender Calais.
Guttenberg owned large estates in Franconia, several hotels as well as the winery Weingut Reichsrat von Buhl in the Palatinate. Himself a member of the House of Guttenberg, he married Rosa Sophie Prinzessin von Arenberg, of the House of Arenberg, in 1943. Their son Enoch zu Guttenberg became a conductor as well as inherited Weingut Reichsrat von Buhl. His grandson is the politician and former federal government minister Karl-Theodor zu Guttenberg.
He became a member of the CSU in 1946, and was a member of the Bundestag from 1957 to 1972, where he represented Kulmbach. In the Bundestag, he was a noted public speaker and was for several years the foreign policy spokesman of the CDU/CSU group. Guttenberg was a fierce critic of the Ostpolitik of Willy Brandt. After Brandt's government had recognized the existence of "a second German state" (the German Democratic Republic), he called it a "dark hour". While most of the CDU/CSU group abstained during the vote on the Basic Treaty, 1972, Guttenberg voted against. In a speech, he stated: "The "GDR" must be revealed to the world for what it is: Not a state, but a caricature of a state".
A Roman Catholic, Guttenberg became a Knight of the Order of the Holy Sepulchre in 1957. He received the Grand Cross of the Order of Merit of the Federal Republic of Germany in 1972.

## Death

He died of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis in 1972, aged 51.

## Publications

* Gemeinsame Außenpolitik? Eine Antwort auf Herbert Wehner, Bonn 1960
* Wenn der Westen will. Plädoyer für eine mutige Politik, Stuttgart 1964
* Deutschland in der atlantischen Partnerschaft, Düsseldorf 1965
* Wege zur Wiedervereinigung. Brauchen wir eine neue Deutschlandpolitik?, Hamburg 1965
* Die Zukunft Europas. Wirtschaftliche, politische und weltanschauliche Aspekte, Düsseldorf 1970
* Im Interesse der Freiheit, Stuttgart 1970
* Fußnoten, Stuttgart 1971
* Die neue Ostpolitik. Wege und Irrwege, Osnabrück 1972
# Wenchi

Wenchi is a town and the capital of Wenchi Municipal of the Bono Region in the middle-belt of Ghana. Wenchi is located at 7.73333 [latitude in decimal degrees], -2.1 [longitude in decimal degrees] at an average elevation/altitude of 304 meters. Wenchi is approximately 30 km north of Techiman and about 50 km east of the Ivory Coast border. Wenchi has a population of 39,187 people in 2013.

## Climate

Climate data for Wenchi (1991–2020) :
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 7.2 (0.28) | 28.3 (1.11) | 87.9 (3.46) | 154.3 (6.07) | 171.4 (6.75) | 154.9 (6.10) | 112.4 (4.43) | 85.8 (3.38) | 173.9 (6.85) | 181.4 (7.14) | 53.0 (2.09) | 10.5 (0.41) | 1,221 (48.07) |
| Average precipitation days (≥ 1.0 mm) | 0.7 | 2.8 | 5.9 | 9.2 | 10.6 | 11.5 | 7.7 | 6.3 | 13.2 | 14.2 | 5.4 | 1.0 | 88.5 |
| Source: NOAA ||||||||||||||

## Transport

Wenchi is connected by road to Techiman and Sunyani and its airport, Sunyani Airport. Wenchi is not serviced by a railway station on the Ghana Railway Corporation, but it has been proposed that a line be extended to Wenchi. It has less vehicular traffic as few people own cars and motors.

## Culture

Wenchi celebrates the annual Apoo, a yam festival in April/May. The climax of the Apoo is the durbar of the king (Omanhene) through Wenchi. In August, the annual yam festival takes place in Wenchi and it marks the end of the first rainy season and harvesting of the yam in the towns of Wenchi and Techiman. In 2019, the Omanhemaa (Queen) of Wenchi was Nana Ntoa Sramangyadua III. The Paramount Chief of Wenchi is Osagyefo Ampem Anye Amoampong Tabrako III who has rule the town since 2019

## Sports

The inhabitants of Wenchi are sports fanatics; many residents follow several Wenchi-based sports teams. Current second division team is Wenchiman. The team Unity Sporting Club, a sports academy, is located in Wenchi. Young Apostle football club is a team that promoted to the Ghana Premier in 2024,is located at Wenchi. Wenchi is the home town of Professional footballers including Asamoah Gyan, Baffoe Gyan and Felix Afena-Gyan.

## Education

Wenchi Methodist Senior High School

## Notable people

Wenchi is the hometown and birthplace of former Ghanaian prime minister Kofi Abrefa Busia, who was born a prince of and is buried there. There is a street named after him, Busia Street. His sister Ama Bame Busia, a former member of council of state, is his only living sibling. Professor George Baffour Gyan is the current MP and minister of planning at the presidency.

## See alsp

* Apour Festival
# Iguassú National Park Airport

Iguassú (Iguaçu after 1945) National Park Airport (IATA: IGU) was an airport that served Foz do Iguaçu, Brazil until 1974, when Foz do Iguaçu International Airport was opened. On that very occasion the airport was closed.

## History

Iguassú National Park Airport was the first airport of Foz do Iguaçu, Brazil. It was opened in 1941 but a landing strip existed on the site since 1935, when the first plane landed on April 1. In 1938 Panair do Brasil started flying to the location as a stop on a flight from Rio de Janeiro and Curitiba to Asunción and Buenos Aires. In 1945 the spelling changed to Iguaçu National Park Airport.
Because of its proximity to the urban center, the airport was closed on January 6, 1974, when Foz do Iguaçu International Airport was opened at a different location.
The former runway is now a green area. The former terminal has been preserved as part of GRESFI club and since August 26, 2024 it is a City Heritage Protected building.
Panair do Brasil, Real, Sadia and Varig once served the airport.

## Access

The airport was located 1 km (1 mi) south of downtown Foz do Iguaçu.
* Aviation portal
* Brazil portal
# Don Sai railway station

Don Sai station (Thai: สถานีดอนทราย) is a railway station located in Na Hu Kwang Subdistrict, Thap Sakae District, Prachuap Khiri Khan. It is a class 3 railway station located 347.007 km (215.6 mi) from Thon Buri railway station.
Due to minimal passenger usage, Don Sai is being converted railway halt and will officially be in operation when the double tracking of the line section is completed.

## Train services

* Ordinary 254/255 Lang Suan-Thon Buri-Lang Suan
# Chattanooga and Tennessee Electric Power Company

The Chattanooga and Tennessee Electric Power Company was formed in 1905 by Josephus C. Guild, Charles E. James and Anthony N. Brady to produce hydroelectric power and improve navigation on the Tennessee River.
Josephus Guild, a young engineer from Chattanooga, became interested in a plan drawn by Major Dan C. Kingman, the head of the local office of the Army Corps of Engineers. The plan was originally developed to control the turbulent waters below Chattanooga in the Tennessee River Gorge known as the Suck, the Pot and the Skillet. These river features, long feared by riverboat navigators, impeded trade along the waterway
Rep. John A. Moon, a Democrat first elected in 1896, introduced a bill in 1904 that enabled the project. The bill said the construction cost would be borne by the recipient of the power franchise to be operated for 99 years and the government would hold title to the Dam.
After the city of Chattanooga failed to exercise its option on the project, Josephus Guild sought financial help from Charles James, a prominent Chattanooga businessman who was always eager to help promote the city's interests. James approached Anthony Brady, a New York financier with large interests in electrical utilities, who agreed to participate in the venture.
The Hales Bar Dam was built after Congressional action, on January 7, 1905, changed the site of the dam from Scott's Point. The cost of the dam was over $10,000,000. Josephus Guild died during the construction of the dam; his son, Jo Conn Guild, took an active role in the project. The dam was completed in 1913.
In the 1920s, the company merged with the Chattanooga Railway and Light Company and Drexel and Company, which had a competing project on the Ocoee River, to form the Tennessee Electric Power Company (TEPCO). In 1933, Congress established the Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA) to develop the economy by a series of flood control dams on the Tennessee River and to sell the electricity generated from the dams. After the Supreme Court in 1939 dismissed a challenge to the authority of the TVA to sell electricity in the service territory of the company, TEPCO's electric system was purchased for $78,425,095 by the Tennessee Valley Authority and other participating municipal public utilities and electric cooperatives. TEPCO continued to operate as a street car company in Chattanooga and was reorganized in 1941 as Southern Coach Lines. The company operated street cars until 1946, when it focused on bus travel. The company was purchased by the Chattanooga Area Regional Transportation Authority in 1973.
# Lalanne-Trie

Lalanne-Trie (French pronunciation:; Occitan: La Lana) is a commune in the Hautes-Pyrénées department in south-western France.
# Rashad District

Rashad is a district of South Kordofan state, Sudan.

## Climate

Climate data for Rashad (1991–2020, extremes 1961-2020) :
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 40.0 (104.0) | 41.2 (106.2) | 43.4 (110.1) | 44.4 (111.9) | 41.0 (105.8) | 39.6 (103.3) | 38.6 (101.5) | 36.9 (98.4) | 39.7 (103.5) | 39.6 (103.3) | 38.7 (101.7) | 38.3 (100.9) | 44.4 (111.9) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 30.9 (87.6) | 33.1 (91.6) | 35.8 (96.4) | 37.5 (99.5) | 35.8 (96.4) | 33.1 (91.6) | 30.2 (86.4) | 29.1 (84.4) | 31.2 (88.2) | 33.1 (91.6) | 33.5 (92.3) | 31.6 (88.9) | 32.9 (91.2) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 24.7 (76.5) | 26.7 (80.1) | 29.6 (85.3) | 31.5 (88.7) | 29.9 (85.8) | 27.6 (81.7) | 25.7 (78.3) | 24.9 (76.8) | 26.0 (78.8) | 27.2 (81.0) | 27.7 (81.9) | 25.5 (77.9) | 27.3 (81.1) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 18.5 (65.3) | 20.4 (68.7) | 23.4 (74.1) | 25.5 (77.9) | 24.1 (75.4) | 22.1 (71.8) | 21.2 (70.2) | 20.8 (69.4) | 20.9 (69.6) | 21.3 (70.3) | 21.8 (71.2) | 19.5 (67.1) | 21.6 (70.9) |
| Record low °C (°F) | 6.8 (44.2) | 9.0 (48.2) | 11.0 (51.8) | 16.3 (61.3) | 17.2 (63.0) | 16.0 (60.8) | 16.5 (61.7) | 13.5 (56.3) | 16.0 (60.8) | 10.5 (50.9) | 11.5 (52.7) | 9.3 (48.7) | 9.0 (48.2) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.0 (0.0) | 3.0 (0.12) | 6.0 (0.24) | 48.8 (1.92) | 77.3 (3.04) | 154.1 (6.07) | 192.0 (7.56) | 125.1 (4.93) | 80.0 (3.15) | 0.9 (0.04) | 0.0 (0.0) | 687.2 (27.06) |
| Average precipitation days (≥ 1 mm) | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.3 | 0.8 | 4.8 | 8.0 | 11.3 | 12.9 | 10.5 | 7.5 | 0.2 | 0.0 | 56.4 |
| Average relative humidity (%) | 21 | 17 | 15 | 19 | 39 | 56 | 67 | 72 | 67 | 52 | 26 | 27 | 40 |
| Source: NOAA ||||||||||||||
# Liu Pi-yu

Liu Pi-yu (born 30 January 1969) is an archer who represented Chinese Taipei.

## Archery

Liu finished fifteenth at the 1988 Summer Olympic Games in the women's individual event, and eleventh in the women's team event as part of the Chinese Taipei team.
At the 1990 Asian Games she won a silver medal in the women's team event.
In 1992 Liu finished 51st in the women's individual event and eleventh in the women's team event.
At the 2000 Summer Olympic Games Liu scored 647 points and was ranked eighth in the ranking round. She defeated Katja Poulsen 161–152 and lost to Yang Jianping 157–160. Chinese Taipei were eliminated by Turkey in the quarterfinals of the women's team event.
# Traiguén Formation

Traiguén Formation (Spanish: Formación Traiguén) is a volcano-sedimentary formation of Miocene age, located in the archipelagoes of Aysén Region of western Patagonia.

## Geology

The volcanic and sedimentary rocks were deposited in a marine environment. Neither the base nor the top of the formation is known. Copious dykes of basic composition and aphanitic texture intrude the formation.
At some locations Miocene plutons of the North Patagonian Batholith intrude the Traiguén Formation. The intruded plutons are of varied composition including gabbro and granodiorite.
# Pyotr Bessonov

Pyotr Alexeyevich Bessonov or (in the pre-1917 spelling) Bezsonov (Пётр Алексе́евич Бессо́нов; 1828–1898) was a leading Russian folklorist who collected and published many East Slavic and South Slavic folk songs.
The son of a priest, Bessonov was born in Moscow. He graduated at Moscow University in 1851. After five years of graduate work in ancient and modern languages, he earned the government printing commission. From 1864 to 1867 he was supervisor of the Vilna Museum and Public Library, besides serving as director of education in the same city. For the two following years he was librarian at Moscow University.
Having received an honorary doctor's diploma in Slavonic philology from Kazan University, he became professor of Slavic languages at the University of Kharkov in 1879, remaining in the position till his death. He published:
* Bolgarskiya Pyesni (1855), the first great collection of Bulgarian folk songs;
* a collection of Serbian folk songs, under the title Lazarica (1857);
* Pyotr Kireevsky's collections of Russian songs (1861–71);
* a number of treatises on the Bulgarian, Serbian, and Russian languages and literatures.
# Fort Clark Springs, Texas

Fort Clark Springs is an unincorporated community and census-designated place (CDP) in Kinney County, Texas, United States. The population was 1,228 at the 2010 census. It is the site of the former Fort Clark, now a historic district.

## Geography

The community is located in central Kinney County and is bordered to the north by Brackettville, the county seat. U.S. Route 90 runs along the border between the two communities, leading east 39 miles (63 km) to Uvalde and west 30 miles (48 km) to Del Rio. Texas State Highway 131 runs along the eastern edge of the CDP, leading south 33 miles (53 km) to U.S. Route 277 in the Rio Grande valley.
According to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP has a total area of 3.0 square miles (7.7 km$^2$), of which 0.01 square miles (0.03 km$^2$), or 0.36%, are water.

## Demographics

Fort Clark Springs first appeared as a census designated place in the 2010 U.S. Census.

### 2020 census

Fort Clark Springs CDP, Texas – Racial and ethnic composition Note: the US Census treats Hispanic/Latino as an ethnic category. This table excludes Latinos from the racial categories and assigns them to a separate category. Hispanics/Latinos may be of any race. :
| Race / Ethnicity (NH = Non-Hispanic) | Pop 2010 | Pop 2020 | % 2010 | % 2020 |
| White alone (NH) | 926 | 798 | 75.41% | 65.68% |
| Black or African American alone (NH) | 15 | 4 | 1.22% | 0.33% |
| Native American or Alaska Native alone (NH) | 12 | 15 | 0.98% | 1.23% |
| Asian alone (NH) | 10 | 9 | 0.81% | 0.74% |
| Pacific Islander alone (NH) | 0 | 0 | 0.00% | 0.00% |
| Other race alone (NH) | 0 | 11 | 0.00% | 0.91% |
| Mixed race or Multiracial (NH) | 11 | 42 | 0.90% | 3.46% |
| Hispanic or Latino (any race) | 254 | 336 | 20.68% | 27.65% |
| Total | 1,228 | 1,215 | 100.00% | 100.00% |
# Brian Jefferson

Brian Jefferson (birth unknown), also known by the nickname of "Bootsie", is an English former rugby union, and professional rugby league footballer who played in the 1960s and 1970s. He played club level rugby union (RU) for Moortown RUFC (in Moortown, Leeds), and representative level rugby league (RL) for England and Yorkshire, and at club level for Keighley, as a fullback.

## Background

Brian Jefferson was a pupil at Blenheim School, Woodhouse, Leeds in c. 1957.

## Playing career
### International honours

Brian Jefferson won a cap for England (RL) while at Keighley in 1968 against Wales.

### Testimonial match

Brian Jefferson's Testimonial match at Keighley took place in 1977.

### Career records

Brian Jefferson holds Keighley's "Most points a career" record with 2,116-points scored over 13-seasons.
# Macrobathra crococephala

Macrobathra crococephala is a moth in the family Cosmopterigidae. It was described by Edward Meyrick in 1936. It is found in the Democratic Republic of the Congo.
# Frederic George Young

Frederic George Young (sometimes spelled Frederick) (1858–1929) was an educator in the U.S. state of Oregon. He was born in Burnett, Wisconsin on June 3, 1858, and after graduating from Johns Hopkins University in 1886, he taught in Wisconsin and South Dakota. He moved to Portland in 1890, and served as principal at its high school and as president of Albany College before being appointed professor of economics and history at the University of Oregon in 1895. He was a founding officer of the Oregon Historical Society in 1898, and as editor of its Oregon Historical Quarterly from its founding in 1900 through the December 1928 issue. He served on the Oregon Commission for the Lewis and Clark Centennial Exposition. He was dean of Oregon's School of Sociology from 1919 until his death.