OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Abdelbaki Benziane

Abdelbaki Benziane (Arabic:وزارة التعليم العالي والبحث العلمي) (born 12 December 1958 in Algiers, Algeria) is an Algerian politician. Previously he had served as the Minister of Higher Education and Scientific Research from June 25, 2020 until 9 September 2022.

## Background

Abdelbaki Benziane is a professor in Research field Management Sciences. Among his duties his works mainly covered the fields of University Governance, Human Resources Management, Public Management, Energy Management, Tourism Management.

## Career

* 33 years of experience in higher education in management sciences.
* 32 years of experience in the management of higher education structures (Institute, University, University Academy, Higher School, Regional Conference of Universities,...).
* Member of the Bureau of several international research networks.
* International expert in evaluation and governance.
* Member of National Commissions for Higher Education and Research.
* Project leader of several CNEPRU research projects related to governance and evaluation.
# Ichkabal

Ichkabal is a large ancient Maya city located in the jungle of Quintana Roo in Mexico dating from the Middle Preclassic period of the Maya civilization around 400 BC, it developed as a monumental city until the Postclassic period.

## Location

Ichkabal is located near Lake Bacalar inside the tropical jungle of Quintana Roo in Mexico and near other Maya sites like Dzibanche, Kohunlich, Pol Box, Dzibantunich among others.

## Archaeology

Ichkabal is an extensive site conformed by six main architectural groups covering about 60 km with monumental buildings and pyramids over 40 to 46 meter tall that are visible above the jungle canopy., the main plaza has an extension of 300 meters, is considered one of the biggest sites from the Maya Lowlands. The site was connected to the city of Dzibanche by a large sacbe of over 40 km long.

## History

Ichakbal settlement started in the Middle Preclassic period of Mesoamerica, around the year 400 BC. During the Classic period, Ichkabal was related with the Kaan dynasty of Dzibanche, a major power of the Maya region. According to archaeological research the site was populated until the late Postclassic period around the year 1500, few years before the beginning of the Spanish conquest of Mexico.
Ichkabal remained hidden deep in the jungle of Quintana Roo until it was discovered by archaeologists in 1995.
# Bùi Thị Xuân Hạnh

Bùi Thị Xuân Hạnh is a Vietnamese beauty pageant titleholder who was crowned Miss Cosmo Vietnam 2023 and represented Vietnam at Miss Cosmo 2024 on 5 October 2024 in Vietnam. She was also the runner-up of The Face Vietnam 2023.

## Early career

Xuan Hanh was born in 2001 in Ninh Bình, she studied at Luong Van Tuy High School for the Gifted and graduated from National Economics University.

## Career
### The Face Vietnam 2023

Xuan Hanh appeared in The Face Vietnam 2023 as a contestant of coach Vũ Thu Phương. In the final night of the competition, she won the runner-up position to Huỳnh Tú Anh from coach Anh Thư's team.

### Miss Cosmo Vietnam 2023

Xuan Hanh won Miss Cosmo Vietnam 2023, her first beauty pageant.

### Miss Cosmo 2024

As the winner of Miss Cosmo Vietnam 2023, represented Vietnam at Miss Cosmo 2024 in September 2024 in Ho Chi Minh City, and reached the top five.
# Day and Night (painting)

Day and Night (Spanish: Día y noche) is a mural by Rufino Tamayo, painted using Vinylite resin on canvas and mounted on particleboard. As well as Still Life, it was originally created for the perfumes and pharmacy section of the Sanborns store on Lafragua Street in Mexico City. Since 2011 it has been displayed in the lobby of the Museo Soumaya.

## Description

Tamayo executed the work in 1954, employing the same technique used for the other murals in the Palacio de Bellas Artes (Palace of Fine Arts), The Birth of Our Nationality and Mexico of Today. The mural contains abstract elements associated with the cosmos and with Mesoamerican architecture, with chromatic contrasts of red and black. The work reflects Tamayo’s interest in space during the 1950s, as well as a growing involvement with Mexican history. It bears comparison with other Tamayo works such as Man Contemplating the Firmament and The Astronomer.
During an inaugural visit to the mural, Tamayo told the poet Carlos Pellicer that the original title was to be “Day and Night over the Pyramids of the Sun and the Moon,” to which Pellicer replied that it seemed the poet was Tamayo.
On the occasion of the celebrations of seventy years of artistic production by Tamayo, the mural was taken from its original setting and exhibited in the Palacio de Bellas Artes in Mexico City before travelling to Madrid, Moscow, and Oslo. It was then removed from the Sanborns on Lafragua, on the recommendation of art critic Raquel Tibol. It was restored to its original brilliance and moved to the Museo Soumaya at Plaza Loreto in 1994 and then to Plaza Carso in 2011.
# Shatura

Shatura (Russian: Шату́ра) is a town and the administrative center of Shatursky District in Moscow Oblast, Russia, located on Lake Svyatoye 124 kilometers (77 mi) east of Moscow. Population: 32,885 (2010 Census); 30,393 (2002 Census); 31,635 (1989 Soviet census).

## History

A settlement on the site of modern Shatura has existed since 1423. In 1917, peat deposits mining started in the vicinity. In 1918, construction of the first peat-fueled electric Shatura Power Station began near the village of Torbeyevka (Торбе́евка). In 1919, the settlement of Shaturstroy (Шатурстро́й) was founded nearby and in 1920, the settlement of Chyornoye Ozero (Чёрное О́зеро) followed. In 1928, the three settlements were merged to form the settlement of Shatura, which was granted town status in 1936.

## Administrative and municipal status

Within the framework of administrative divisions, Shatura serves as the administrative center of Shatursky District. As an administrative division, it is, together with twenty-three rural localities, incorporated within Shatursky District as the Town of Shatura. As a municipal division, the Town of Shatura is incorporated within Shatursky Municipal District as Shatura Urban Settlement.

## Sports

Shatura is home to bandy club Energiya and Celtic inspired football club Celtic Shatura.
# Punta Santa Teresa Lighthouse

Punta Santa Teresa Lighthouse (Italian: Faro di Punta Santa Teresa) is an active lighthouse located at the east side, opposite to the outer breakwater of the gulf of La Spezia, in the municipality of Lerici, Liguria on the Ligurian Sea.

## Description

The lighthouse consists of a green metal cylindrical tower, 5 feet (1.5 m) high, with balcony and lantern. The lantern, painted in green, is positioned at 10 metres (33 ft) above sea level and emits two green flashes in a 6 seconds period. The lighthouse is powered by a solar unit and is completely automated and operated by the Marina Militare with the identification code number 1745 E.F.
# Kumovo

Kumovo (Russian: Кумово; Bashkir: Ҡом, Qom) is a rural locality (a selo) in Karmanovsky Selsoviet, Yanaulsky District, Bashkortostan, Russia.

## Population

The population was 268 as of 2010. There are 10 streets.

## Geography

Kumovo is located 47 km southwest of Yanaul (the district's administrative centre) by road. Amzya is the nearest rural locality.
# Hôtel de la Chambre

The Hôtel de la Chambre des Députés (English: Hall of the Chamber of Deputies) is the meeting place of the Luxembourgish national legislature, the Chamber of Deputies, in Luxembourg City, in southern Luxembourg.
It is located on Krautmaart, an irregularly shaped street in the historic heart of the city, in Ville Haute quarter. Next to the Chamber is the Grand Ducal Palace, the official residence of the Grand Duke of Luxembourg. Due to the Hôtel's location, 'Krautmaart' has become a metonym for the Chamber of Deputies itself.

## History

Until 1860, the Chamber of Deputies had no regular meeting place, variably holding sessions in the Grand Ducal Palace, Luxembourg City Hall, and the Hôtel du Gouvernement. For a period after the promulgation of Luxembourg's constitution in 1848, the Chamber met in a primary school in Ettelbruck, in the north of the country. By the late 1850s, this was becoming untenable, and to restore the Grand Ducal Palace to the use of the Grand Ducal Family, plans were laid for the construction of a dedicated home for the Chamber in 1857 by Antoine Hartmann. Construction began on 27 July 1858, and the building was inaugurated on 30 October 1860, upon the opening of a new parliamentary session.
During the German occupation during the Second World War, the Chamber of Deputies was suspended and the building's functions made subservient to those of the occupation forces. The building was turned into the headquarters of the Luxembourgish branch of the Gau Propaganda Office (German: Gaupropagandaamt). The balcony was decorated with a large sign hailing the Heim ins Reich, while, later on, large Swastika flags were flown on the outside.
Between 1997 and 1999, major renovations were undergone, and the building expanded to accommodate the public. The dilapidated wooden decor was replaced by replicas in the original style, with the structural supports strengthened and reconfigured to comply with more stringent health and safety standards. Meanwhile, the expansion, to receive the public and perform ancillary functions, was built in a modern style. During this time, the Chamber convened in the City Hall, just as it had 140 years previously.

## Footnotes

* 1 2 3 4 "Historique" (in French). Chamber of Deputies. 1999. Archived from the original on 2007-06-07. Retrieved 2007-08-17.
* 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 "The Chamber of Deputies". Service Information et Presse. 21 November 2003. Archived from the original on 27 September 2007. Retrieved 2007-08-17.
# Chalawa (TV series)

Chalawa (Urdu: چھلاوا, lit. 'Nightfire/A type of Jinn') is a Pakistani supernatural horror drama series directed by Najaf Bilgrami and Shamoon Abbasi and premiered on Hum TV on 8 November 2020. It is produced by M. Nadeem J. and Umer Mukhtar under MD Productions and NJ Films. The drama stars Noor Zafar, Ali Ansari and Naveen Waqar in the lead.

## Plot

Chalawa is supernatural story of a young girl named Sawera who is possessed by birth by a Chalawa (a type of supernatural demon) having the ability of betrayal and illusion. Her father Aamir had died before her birth but little did she know that Professor Hamdani was behind the betrayal who on the other hand seemed to be a savior to her mother Mahnoor earlier in her childhood after he "helped" get rid of the Chalawa named Sarnash from Sawera.

## Cast
### Main

* Noor Zafar Khan as Sawera Ahmed Turk
* Naveen Waqar as Mahnoor; Sawera's mother
* Ali Ansari as Harib Khanzada / Sarnash (when possessed by him)
* Adnan Jaffar as Professor Faraz Hamdani
* Usama Khan as Sarosh / Kaafur (when possessed by the Chalawa Kaafur)

### Recurring

* Tahir Jatoi as Azlaan; a Jinn who was made a well-wisher to Mahnoor and later helped Sawera
* Fawad Jalal as Amir Ahmed Turk; Sawera's father
* Samina Ahmed as Khala / Dadi
* Naveed Raza as Fawaad
* Emmad Butt as Sarosh's father
* Unknown as Mehak; Sarosh's mother
* Tabbasum Arif as Tehmina, Harib's mother
* Sohail Masood as Sarfarz, School's principal
* Zain Ullah as Zayn
* Hina Sheikh as the wife of Principal
* Anoushey Rania Khan as Sawera (Young)
* Ashir Ali Khan as Sarnash/Chalawa (Young)
# Scenic, South Dakota

Scenic is an unincorporated community in Pennington County, South Dakota, United States. It is located within Scenic Township, which had a 2010 census population of 58 inhabitants. The community is located adjacent to the Badlands National Park, about 50 miles (80 km) southeast of Rapid City, or about one hour by car, along Highway 44.

## History

The community was so named for the "scenic" setting of the town site.
As an economic decline hit the town in the 21st century, local businesswoman Twila Merrill acquired more and more of the town property until she owned most of it.
In July 2011, the 12-acre (4.9 ha) town and surrounding area—about 46 acres (19 ha) total—was listed for sale at $799,000. The sale included the post office (ZIP code 57780), Longhorn Saloon, a dance hall, bunkhouse, museum, and two stores. It also included a train depot that is on an abandoned line that was part of the Chicago, Milwaukee, St. Paul and Pacific Railroad and is the subject of a 104-mile (167 km) rails-to-trail project between Rapid City and Kadoka.
In August 2011, the Iglesia ni Cristo (INC, English: Church of Christ), an independent, nontrinitarian Christian denomination based in the Philippines, bought the property for nearly $800,000, Pennington County records show. The church never disclosed why it acquired the property. In 2014, Daniel Simmons-Ritchie of the Rapid City Journal wrote that the INC "has done little with the town since its purchase."
In April 2015, an INC minister moved to the area and soon afterwards began leading services for 10–15 congregants who live near Scenic.
# Serixia nigricornis

Serixia nigricornis is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Stephan von Breuning in 1958.
# Waalsdorpervlakte

The Waalsdorpervlakte (Dutch pronunciation:) is a clearing in the dune area "Meijendel" (The Hague, Netherlands), where between 250 and 280 members of the Dutch resistance were killed by the Germans during World War II. After the liberation of the Netherlands, Nazi collaborators were executed at the site. Anton Mussert, the leader of National Socialist Movement in the Netherlands, was executed here on 7 May 1946.
It is one of the main locations where on 4 May "Remembrance of the Dead", a yearly commemoration of victims of World War II and other victims of war, is held.
# Adjarian Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic

The Adjarian Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic (Adjarian ASSR or Adzhar ASSR; Georgian: აჭარის ავტონომიური საბჭოთა სოციალისტური რესპუბლიკა, romanized: ach'aris avt'onomiuri sabch'ota sotsialist'uri resp'ublik'a; Russian: Аджарская Автономная Советская Социалистическая Республика, romanized: Adzharskaya Avtonomnaya Sovetskaya Sotsialisticheskaya Respublika) was an autonomous republic of the Soviet Union within the Georgian SSR, established on 16 July 1921. On 10 December 1990, it was renamed into the Autonomous Republic of Adjara. After the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991, it became part of the independent Georgia.

## Establishment

After a temporary occupation by Turkish and British troops in 1918–1920, Ajaria was reunited with Georgia in 1920. A brief military conflict in March 1921 prompted the government in Ankara to cede the territory to Georgia as a consequence of Article VI of the Treaty of Kars, with the condition for autonomy to be provided for the Muslim population. Accordingly, the Soviet Union established the Adjarian Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic on 16 July 1921. Nonetheless, Islam within the new republic, as elsewhere in the Soviet Union and in common with Christianity, was persecuted and repressed.
# 't Waar

't Waar (Dutch pronunciation:) is a village in the province of Groningen in the Netherlands. It is located in the municipality of Oldambt, just north of the village of Nieuw-Scheemda.

## History

The villages was first mentioned in 1781 as 't Waar, and means sluice. It refers to a sluice constructed in 1622 in the Termunterzijldiep [nl] to regulate the water flow.
't Waar was home to 451 people in 1840. Between 1910 and 1934, there was a joint railway station with Nieuw-Scheemda on the Zuidbroek to Delfzijl railway line. On 15 April 1945, the village celebrate its liberation when German soldiers threw handgrenades into the crowd killing five civilians and one Polish soldier. In 1995, a memorial was placed on the site.
't Waar was part of the municipality of Scheemda until 1990 when it became part of Nieuwolda. Since 2010, it is part of Oldambt.
# Awan Patti

Awan Patti Urdu: اعوان پٹی (Patti Awanan) is a valley in Muzaffarabad district, Azad Kashmir, Pakistan. It is located 25 kilometres (16 mi) southeast of Muzaffarabad city, on the right bank of the Jhelum River and opposite of Garhi Dupatta.

## Sub villages in Awan Patti

* Khatpura
* Kholi an
* Kayian
* Bandi Siftu
* NAKAH
* Babela
* Qaid Abad
* Dhara 1
* Dhara 2
* Kals Syedan
* Dakhan
* Kaindlan
* Hadrian
* Nakkah
* Ratakha
* Sokar
* Rially
* Patti
* Bandi peer baksh
* sultan pur
* Haripur hazara

## Education

There are numerous schools, including a Government Girls High School and a similar school for boys.

## Transport

Awan Patti is well connected by road with the rest of Muzaffarabad. It has no direct train link but the nearest railway station is Rawalpindi railway station. The proposed new railway line from Islamabad to Muzaffarabad will pass through Khatpura Awan Patti on its way to Srinagar. Garhi Dupatta station will be built in Khat Pura Awan Patti.

## Timber mafia

Protected forest areas of Awan Patti are vulnerable to illegal logging by timber mafias that have coopted or intimidated forestry officials, local politicians, businesses and citizens. Clear-cutting is sometimes covered-up by officials who report fictitious forest fires. Many studies indicate large losses of forest cover to indiscriminate logging by the mafias, with over a hundred canals in the environs of Awan Patti being illegally transferred by the forest department directly to them. Besides the environmental degradation, public financial losses can be substantial.
# Como Cathedral

Como Cathedral (Italian: Cattedrale di Santa Maria Assunta or simply Duomo di Como; Lombard: Dòmm de Còmm) is the Catholic cathedral of the city of Como, Lombardy, Italy, and the seat of the Bishop of Como. It is dedicated to the Assumption of the Blessed Virgin Mary.

## History

The cathedral, located near Lake Como, is one of the most important buildings in the region. It is commonly described as the last Gothic cathedral built in Italy: construction on it, on the site of the earlier Romanesque cathedral dedicated to Santa Maria Maggiore, began in 1396, 10 years after the foundation of Milan Cathedral. The construction works, started under the supervision of Lorenzo degli Spazzi di Laino, did not finish until 1770 with the completion of the Rococo cupola by Filippo Juvarra. The imposing west front was built between 1457 and 1498 and features a rose window and a portal between two statues of Pliny the Elder and Pliny the Younger, natives of Como.

## Description

It is 87 metres long, from 36 to 56 metres wide, and 75 metres high into the top of the cupola. It has a Latin cross floor plan with a central nave and two side aisles, separated by pillars, and a Renaissance transept, with an imposing cupola over the crossing. The apses and the choir are of the 16th century. The interior has a series of nine important tapestries, woven at the end of the 16th century, in Ferrara, Florence and Brussels. There are also a number of 16th-century paintings by Bernardino Luini and Gaudenzio Ferrari.
# Andezeno

Andezeno (Piedmontese: Andzen) is a comune (municipality) in the Metropolitan City of Turin in the Italian region Piedmont, located about 14 kilometres (9 mi) southeast of Turin.
Andezeno borders the following municipalities: Marentino, Montaldo Torinese, Chieri, and Arignano.

## Etymology

According to Italian philologist and linguist Dante Olivieri, the name Andezeno originates from the Gallo-Latin word Andicus, which is said to be derived from the names of two villages, Andico and Andicello.

## Economy

Andezeno was predominantly an agricultural community until the 1960s when the area surrounding the city of Turin underwent major industrialisation. Today, it mostly home to small businesses and enterprises.

## Notable natives

* Piero Gobetti (1901–1926), intellectual and journalist – parents were from Andezeno and he lived there at his family home are various times of his life
* Claudio Marchisio (b. 1986), footballer for Juventus and the Italian national team – born in the city of Turin and raised in Andezeno, where his parents still live.
# Association of Vatican Lay Workers

The Association of Vatican Lay Workers (Italian: Associazione Dipendenti Laici Vaticani; ADLV) is the sole trade union in Vatican City.
The ADLV was formed in 1985. The first ever strike in the Vatican was organized by the ADLV in 1988. In 1992 the union organised a successful mass resignation campaign to protest against the absence of pensions for workers. Vatican authorities formally recognised the ADLV in 1993.
The ADLV is affiliated to the International Trade Union Confederation.
# Bandank

Bandank (Persian: بندانک /سیکوری سفلی, also Romanized as Bandānḵ; also known as Sīḵūri-ye Soflá) is a village in Shusef Rural District, Shusef District, Nehbandan County, South Khorasan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 92, in 20 families.
# Emilio Borsa

Emilio Borsa (Monza, 1857 – 1931) was an Italian painter of genre and landscape scenes, as well as a portraitist.
His father, Paolo Borsa, was a professor of Design in Milan. He initially trained with his uncle Mosè Bianchi, then studied at the Brera Academy, and finally moved to Rome. His mother was the aunt of Pompeo Mariani. At the 1883 Roman Exposition, he displayed In Giardino, Buon Core, and the Il Palazzo Reale di Monza. At the 1887 Venetian Exhibition, he displayed: Bosco; Amor riscalda ; Ottobre ; Primavera; La quiete del lago ; and a portrait. He also displayed works at the 1907 International Exhibition in Venice.
# Magaramkentsky District

Magaramkentsky District (Russian: Магарамкентский райо́н; Lezgian: Мегьарамдхуьруьн район) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the forty-one in the Republic of Dagestan, Russia. It is located in the southeast of the republic. The area of the district is 654.6 square kilometers (252.7 sq mi). Its administrative center is the rural locality (a selo) of Magaramkent. As of the 2010 Census, the total population of the district was 62,195, with the population of Magaramkent accounting for 11.2% of that number.

## Administrative and municipal status

Within the framework of administrative divisions, Magaramkentsky District is one of the forty-one in the Republic of Dagestan. The district is divided into eight selsoviets which comprise thirty-three rural localities. As a municipal division, the district is incorporated as Magaramkentsky Municipal District. Its eight selsoviets are incorporated as twenty-two rural settlements within the municipal district. The selo of Magaramkent serves as the administrative center of both the administrative and municipal district.

## Settlements
### Abandoned settlements

Khanzhalkala
# Stanley Smith (cyclist)

Stanley Smith (born 20 August 1952) is a Barbadian former cyclist. He competed in the sprint event at the 1976 Summer Olympics.
# GS-9209 (galaxy)

GS-9209 is a massive quiescent galaxy that exists at redshift z=4.658 or 25 billion light years. It has a stellar mass of 3.8×10$^{10}$ solar masses (7.6×10$^{40}$ kg; 1.67×10$^{41}$ lb) which is roughly 10 times the mass of the Milky Way galaxy.
When the universe was around 800 million years old, the star formation rate (SFR) in the GS-9209 galaxy has undergone a sharp decrease. Most of the stars that exist in this galaxy has formed over a 200 million year period when the universe was 600-800 million years old.
# Pashmak

Pashmak (Persian: پشمک) is a form of Iranian candy floss or cotton candy, made from sugar. Pashmak is served on its own or as an accompaniment to fruits, cakes, ice creams, puddings and desserts. It is widely known as Persian Cotton Candy. It is sometimes garnished with ground pistachio nuts. Although the texture is similar to cotton candy, both method and ingredients are different.
Pashmak originated in the Iranian city of Yazd known for its various traditional Persian sweets such as Baghlava, Qottab, and Gaz during Safavid Empire.

## Similar sweets

The Arabic sweet Ghazl al-Banat (Arabic: غزل البنات, English: Girls' Yarn) is virtually identical to pashmak, and is referred to as Oriental Cotton Candy.
A Turkish sweet called pişmaniye bears some resemblance to pashmak.
In Afghanistan, a similar sweet is called qandi pashmak.