OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Ghana–Nigeria relations

Ghana–Nigeria relations are the bilateral diplomatic relations between Ghana and Nigeria.
Both Ghana and Nigeria are republics in the Commonwealth of Nations.

## Colonial

The colonial era increased the relationship between both countries. Both Nigeria and Ghana were colonized by the British Empire. This colonization gave the countries, which share no common language, a means of communication. This era also brought some Nigerians to Ghana. During the colonial era, descendants of Nigerian Hausas were brought to the Gold Coast, what is now Ghana, to fight under the British flag in an attempt to destroy one of the last holdouts against British rule in West Africa, the Ashanti Empire. They were called Glover Hausas and contributed to the foundations of the Gold Coast's colonial army.

## Post-colonial

Many Nigerians began moving to Ghana after Ghana became the first independent country in the region in 1957. Also in the late 1970s, many Ghanaians moved to Nigeria as economic migrants. The relationship became sour for various reasons. Thus, under former Ghanaian prime minister Kofi Abrefa Busia's Aliens Compliance Order, Nigerians among other immigrants were forced to leave Ghana as they made up a significant percentage of Ghana's large undocumented population. The official reason for deportation was failing to comply with the immigration laws of the country.
In 1983, Nigeria retaliated and deported up to 1 million Ghanaian and other African immigrants when Ghana was facing severe drought and economic problems. This further strained relations between the two countries. In April 1988, a joint commission for cooperation was established between Ghana and Nigeria. A bloodless coup in August 1985 had brought Major General Ibrahim Babangida to power in Nigeria, and Rawlings, the leader of Ghana at the time, took advantage of the change of administration to pay an official visit. The two leaders discussed a wide range of issues focusing on peace and prosperity within West Africa, bilateral trade, and the transition to democracy in both countries. In early January 1989, Babangida reciprocated with an official visit to Ghana, which the PNDC hailed as a watershed in Ghana–Nigeria relations.
Subsequent setbacks that Babangida initiated in the democratic transition process in Nigeria clearly disappointed Accra. Nonetheless, the political crisis that followed Babangida's annulment of the results of the June 1993 Nigerian presidential election and Babangida's resignation from the army and presidency two months later did not significantly alter the existing close relations between Ghana and Nigeria, two of the most important members of ECOWAS. After the takeover in November 1993 by General Sani Abacha as the new Nigerian head of state Nigeria continued to consult Ghana on economic, political, and security issues affecting the two countries and West Africa as a whole. Between early August 1994 when Ghanaian President Jerry Rawlings became ECOWAS chairman and the end of the following October, the Ghanaian president visited Nigeria three times to discuss the peace process in Liberia and measures to restore democracy in that country.
# The Faerie Path

The Faerie Path is the first novel in a six-book series by the British author Frewin Jones. The story follows Anita Palmer, a teenager from two different parallel universes, and her struggle to maintain both lives.

## Plot

On the eve of her sixteenth birthday, Anita has an accident and ends up in hospital with her boyfriend Evan. To brighten her mood, at midnight her parents give her one of her presents, one sent to her by mail with no return address: it is a beautiful book, but the pages are blank.
Anita explores the book, which suddenly has a story written inside. It tells about a lost princess, the seventh of seven daughters, who has become trapped in the Mortal World on her sixteenth birthday, the night before she was to marry Lord Gabriel Drake. Suddenly Anita grows wings and she flies out of the window, above London. Suddenly, her wings wither away and she falls. Found in the hospital bathroom by a nurse, she is returned to her bed, still worried about Evan not waking. The nurse brings Anita a gift addressed to her, from Evan's belongings. The gift is a necklace that she quickly puts around her neck. She fell asleep, and when she woke up, Evan is gone. A ghostly image appears to Anita, the image of Gabriel Drake, calling her to follow him. Anita followed Lord Drake out onto a balcony where he urges her to focus strongly on him so that she can reach him. Anita tries her hardest to focus on him and suddenly their hands meet in the air. Lord Drake pulls Anita from the Mortal realm presents her to her father: as it turns out, Anita is also Tania, the seventh child of Oberon and Titania, king and queen of fairyland.

## Reception

The Faerie Path was viewed as a "floral Faerie tale may unspool at a measured pace, but girls will likely take to Anita. ... A well-executed reference to Romeo and Juliet gives the finale a bit more punch than most fantasy romances" and a "well-paced style that will communicate with today’s readers." It was rated as a book with good Christian values by Squeaky Clean Reviews who also found the "revelation of the villains horribly predictable." It was recommended for readers who enjoy romance and adventure.
# Powell Observatory

Powell Observatory is an astronomical observatory located near Louisburg in Miami County, Kansas. It features several large telescopes and is available for public viewing, for private use of Astronomical Society of Kansas City members, and for ongoing research projects.
The observatory, located in Lewis-Young Park just north of Louisburg, was built in 1984 by members of the Astronomical Society of Kansas City (ASKC). Its main telescope is a Ruisinger Newtonian reflector, with a single 30-inch (76 cm) objective (mirror), housed in a dome. The observatory also has a 16-inch (41 cm) telescope for public programs, a computer-controlled 12-inch (30 cm) telescope for research projects and member use, and a small conference/lecture room and visitor center.
Powell Observatory runs regular public programs every weekend from May through October. The telescope is open for public viewing of the night sky; it is one of the largest telescopes in the United States regularly open to the public for this purpose. The observatory is supported by ASKC membership dues, and by private and public donations.

## History

In April 1983, Mr. Charles S. Douglas, who, at the time, was a relatively new member of the Astronomical Society of Kansas City wrote an earnest letter to the Marjorie Powell Allen of the Powell Family Foundation in hopes of obtaining a grant for $20,000 in order to build a new observatory on land leased to the organization by the City of Louisburg, Kansas in Lewis-Young Park. Allen, remembering that her father, George E. Powell, who had established the family's foundation, Allen incrementally granted the organization their initial request which she generously expanded to nearly $48,000 to ensure the observatory would be equipped with restrooms and a computerized system for the extraordinary telescope built by the society's members which houses a nearly 30-inch mirror. Powell Observatory was opened and dedicated May 11, 1985 in a ceremony dedicating the Powell family name to the observatory.
During 2009, Powell Observatory hosted Saturday-night "Starbright" programs that began at dusk and included introductory and advanced lectures on astronomy by ASKC members and guest speakers, a tour of the observatory, and telescope viewing if the skies were clear. On many clear evenings and most weekends, ASKC members set up personal telescopes in Powell's courtyard and are available to give tours of the night sky and to answer questions.
Minor planet 25890 Louisburg is named after the home of this observatory.
# George Washington Stephens Jr.

George Washington Stephens (3 August 1866 – 6 February 1942) was a Canadian politician. He became Lieutenant Colonel and President of the Saar commission of the League of Nations.
Born in Montreal, the son of George Washington Stephens and Elizabeth McIntosh, Stephens was educated at Montreal High School, McGill University, the University of Geneva, University of Marburg, and the Leibniz University Hannover.
He worked with the firm of Steidtman & Company; J. and H. Taylor; and Thomas Robertson & Company, Limited. He was an administrator of his father's estate starting in 1902. He was president of the Canadian Rubber Company of Montreal and vice-president of the Canadian Consolidated Rubber Company Limited.
He was elected as the Liberal candidate by acclamation to the Legislative Assembly of Quebec for the electoral district of Montréal division no. 4 in a 1905 by-election. He did not run in the 1908 election. From 1907 to 1912, he was president of the Montreal Harbor Commission.
In 1898, he joined the Montreal Third Field Battery. He was promoted to major in 1902 and retired with the rank of Lieutenant-Colonel.
In 1923, he was appointed to the League of Nations. He was appointed a member of the Governing Commission of the Saar in 1923 and was its president from 1924 to 1926.
He died in Los Angeles, California in 1942 and was buried in Montreal.
# Song Dao district

Song Dao (Thai: ส่องดาว, pronounced) is a district (amphoe) in the western part of Sakon Nakhon province, northeast Thailand.

## Geography

Neighboring districts are (from the north clockwise) Sawang Daen Din district and Phang Khon of Sakon Nakhon Province and Chai Wan of Udon Thani province.

## History

As the mountainous area was originally covered with dense forests, it was a popular hideaway of robbers, who robbed travelers on the way between Kalasin and Udon Thani. At that time it was known as Song Dao Chon (ซ่องดาวโจร), which means 'den of thieves'. After the government cleaned up the area in the 19th century, it was renamed Song Dao, which means 'shining star'.
The minor district (king amphoe) Song Dao was created on 1 April 1972, when the three tambons Song Dao, Watthana, and Tha Sila were split off from Sawang Daen Din district. It was upgraded to a full district on 8 September 1976.

## Administration

The district is divided into four sub-districts (tambons), which are further subdivided into 46 villages (mubans). Song Dao is a township (thesaban tambon) which covers parts of tambons Song Dao and Pathum Wapi. There are a further four tambon administrative organizations (TAO).
| No. | Name | Thai name | Villages | Pop. |
| 1. | Song Dao | ส่องดาว | 12 | 9,080 |
| 2. | Tha Sila | ท่าศิลา | 13 | 10,379 |
| 3. | Watthana | วัฒนา | 9 | 6,382 |
| 4. | Pathum Wapi | ปทุมวาปี | 12 | 6,598 |
# Potamia, Arcadia

Potamia (Greek: Ποταμιά meaning rivers) is a village in the municipal unit of Falaisia, Arcadia, Greece. It is on the right bank of a tributary of the river Alfeios, 2 km (1.2 mi) east of Ellinitsa, 3 km (1.9 mi) south of Leontari, 3 km (1.9 mi) northwest of Falaisia and 12 km (7.5 mi) south of Megalopoli. Every year in August the Parrasia folklore festival is organised in Potamia.

## Population

| Year | Population |
| 1981 | 123 |
| 1991 | 116 |
| 2001 | 100 |
| 2011 | 118 |
| 2021 | 51 |
# Ampelokipoi, Patras

Ampelokipoi (Greek: Αμπελόκηποι, meaning "vineyards") is a neighbourhood in the city of Patras, Achaea, Greece.
38°15′58″N 21°45′41″E﻿ / ﻿38.2662°N 21.7613°E﻿ / 38.2662; 21.7613
* This Western Greece location article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
# Sumedhanand Saraswati

Swami Sumedhanand Saraswati (born 1 October 1951) is an Indian politician. He served as Member of Lok Sabha for Sikar from 2014 to 2024. He belongs to Bharatiya Janata Party and is a member of Arya Samaj.

## Early life

Saraswati was born on 1 October 1951 in a Jat family to Maya Ram Arya and Bharti Devi at Rohtak, Punjab (presently Haryana). He received a postgraduation degree from Chaudhary Charan Singh University in Sanskrit.

## Spiritual career

Saraswati left home in c. 1974 and joined Arya Samaj. Saraswati is a sadhu (Hindu monk) and has also founded one vedic ashram. He is a former working president of Saarva Deshik Arya Pratinidhi Sabha, a Delhi based organization affiliated with Arya Samaj. Before entering politics, he has organised campaigns for cow protection and education of cultural tradition and Vedas.

## Political career

Ahead of the 2014 Indian general election, the Bharatiya Janata Party announced that on the demand of Baba Ramdev, Saraswati would contest from Sikar constituency. However, local party leaders protested as they considered him to be an outsider as he hailed from Haryana. His convoy was also attacked. In the election, he was pitted against Subhash Maharia, an independent candidate and rebel of his party. On 16 May 2014, he was elected to the Lok Sabha after defeating his nearest rival Pratap Singh Jat of Indian National Congress party by a margin of approximately 239,000 votes. In his election affidavit, Saraswati declared assets worth ₹34,311 (US$410), the least amongst other parliamentarians.
During his tenure as an MP, Saraswati spent ₹ 240 million (US$ 3,428,522) from his Members of Parliament Local Area Development Scheme fund for his constituency. He also raised an issue about onion cultivation in Lok Sabha.
# Ban Fang district

Ban Fang (Thai: บ้านฝาง, pronounced) is a district (amphoe) of Khon Kaen province, northeastern Thailand.

## History

The minor district (king amphoe) Ban Fang was established on 1 May 1975 by splitting off four tambons: Nong Bua, Pa Wai Nang, Ban Lao, and Non Khong from Mueang Khon Kaen district. On 25 March 1979 it was upgraded to a full district.

## Geography

Neighboring districts are (from the north clockwise): Ubolratana, Mueang Khon Kaen, Phra Yuen, Mancha Khiri, and Nong Ruea.

## Administration

The district is divided into seven sub-districts (tambons), which are further subdivided into 74 villages (mubans). The township (thesaban tambon) Ban Fang covers parts of tambon Ban Fang. There are a further seven tambon administrative organizations (TAO).
| No. | Name | Thai name | Villages | Pop. |
| 1. | Nong Bua | หนองบัว | 11 | 6,962 |
| 2. | Pa Wai Nang | ป่าหวายนั่ง | 9 | 7,856 |
| 3. | Non Khong | โนนฆ้อง | 10 | 6,055 |
| 4. | Ban Lao | บ้านเหล่า | 13 | 10,133 |
| 5. | Pa Manao | ป่ามะนาว | 9 | 6,173 |
| 6. | Ban Fang | บ้านฝาง | 12 | 10,296 |
| 7. | Khok Ngam | โคกงาม | 10 | 5,524 |
# Koerich Castle

Koerich Castle (Luxembourgish: Schlass Käerch; French: Château de Koerich; German: Schloss Koerich) is a ruin located in the village of Koerich in central Luxembourg. With a history dating back to the 12th century, it is one of the castles in the Valley of the Seven Castles.

## Location

Standing on level ground in the valley of the stream of Goeblange, the castle's impressive keep and external walls blend harmoniously with the Baroque church and the old houses in the centre of the village.

## History

The Grevenschlass, now known as Koerich Castle, was built by Wirich I, Lord of Koerich and Seneschal of Luxembourg at the end of the 12th and beginning of the 13th century in late Romanesque style. It was expanded in 1304 by Godefroid of Koerich who gave it a more Gothic appearance. The keep, now 11 m tall, was certainly much higher when it was built. With a base measuring 12 by 11.6 m and walls up to 3.5 m thick, it is one of the most impressive in the entire region. A spiral staircase inside one of the walls provided access to the different floors.
Surrounded by a moat, the castle originally had a fortified entrance with a portcullis. From 1380, Gilles of Autel and Koerich converted the stronghold into a more comfortable residence by building two 12-m towers at either end of the south wall. The south-western tower which still stands, houses a chapel on the ground floor. In 1580, the new owner Jacques de Raville made further changes, demolishing part of the property and adding two Renaissance wings. The stately fireplace on the first floor and large rectangular windows testify to the castle's palatial splendor at the time. The south wing was again altered in 1728, this time with Baroque additions.
After the death of the Ravilles in the second half of the 18th century, the castle started to fall into ruin owing to lack of maintenance. In 1950, Pierre Flammang, the last private owner, carried out some essential structural repairs before the castle finally came into the hands of the State.

## The castle today

Although major repairs are still in progress, the site can be visited free of charge.

## Gallery

* Castle entrance
* The castle and Baroque church
* The interior
* The southern wall
# Sideras

Sideras (Greek: Σιδεράς) is a village and a community of the Kozani municipality. Before the 2011 local government reform it was part of the municipality of Dimitrios Ypsilantis, of which it was a municipal district. The 2021 census recorded 118 inhabitants in the community. The community of Sideras covers an area of 28.554 km$^2$. The small settlement of Ktenas, which was uninhabited between about 1975 and 2005, belongs to the community of Sideras.
The village was named Demirciler (Eng. "smiths") by Turkish inhabitants until the 1924 population exchange between Greece and Turkey.
# Taehong Cho

Taehong Cho (Korean: 조태홍; born 1966) is a South Korean linguist and Professor of Linguistics (HYU Distinguished Research Fellow) at Hanyang University. He is the editor-in-chief of the Journal of Phonetics and a member of the editorial board of Laboratory Phonology. Cho is known for his works on phonetics, laboratory phonology, speech production and speech perception.

## Select publications

* The Effects of Prosody on Articulation in English, Routledge 2002
* Cho, T., & Ladefoged, P. (1999). Variation and universals in VOT: evidence from 18 languages. Journal of Phonetics, 27(2), 207–229. doi:10.1006/jpho.1999.0094
* Cho, T., Jun, S.-A., & Ladefoged, P. (2002). Acoustic and aerodynamic correlates of Korean stops and fricatives. Journal of Phonetics, 30(2), 193–228. doi:10.1006/jpho.2001.0153 (https://doi.org/10.1006/jpho.2001.0153)
# Montmorency Falls

The Montmorency Falls (French: Chute Montmorency) is a large waterfall on the Montmorency River in Quebec, Canada.

## Location

The falls are located on the boundary between the borough of Beauport and Boischatel, about 12 km (7.5 mi) from the heart of old Quebec City. The area surrounding the falls is protected within the Montmorency Falls Park (French: Parc de la Chute-Montmorency). The falls are at the mouth of the Montmorency River where it drops over the cliff shore into the Saint Lawrence River, opposite the western end of the Île d'Orleans. The waterfalls are 83 m (272') tall, a full 30 m (99') higher than Niagara Falls.

## Access and tourism

Around 970,000 visitors a year visit Montmorency Falls. There are staircases that allow visitors to view the falls from several different perspectives. A suspension bridge over the crest of the falls provides access to both sides of the park. There is also a funitel that carries passengers between the base and the top of the falls. In the summer the park hosts an international fireworks competition with the falls as a backdrop.
During summer months, the falls give off a yellow glow due to high iron content in the waterbed.
The Ice Hotel was located at Montmorency Falls for its first year in 2001.
In July 2019, it was announced that the Montmorency Falls tourist site would be getting a $33-million makeover.

## In popular culture

The Falls were the site of a key scene between the lead actors in the 1947 film Whispering City, which was filmed on location.
In his poem "Sleep and Poetry" (1816), John Keats says that human life is "a poor Indian's sleep / While his boat hastens to the monstrous steep / Of Montmorency." Recreational sleighing on the frozen falls is recorded in Letitia Elizabeth Landon's poetical illustration, The Montmorency Waterfall and Cone, to an engraving of a painting by W. Purser, published in Fisher's Drawing Room Scrap Book, 1836.
The Falls appeared during the finale of The Amazing Race Canada 5 in 2017 and were the site of the episode's first task in which competitors scaled a cargo net suspended over the Falls.

## Gallery

* An early 1760s engraving of Montmorency Falls by William Elliott from a drawing made by Captain Hervey Smythe, Major General James Wolfe's aide-de-camp, on July 31, 1759, from the British Army's encampment, two months before the Battle of Quebec.
* A 1781 etching of Montmorency Falls in May by the British surveyor James Peachey National Archives of Canada.
* The Ice Cone, Montmorency Falls, Québec, an 1845 painting by the English artist Robert Clow Todd.
* Montmorency Falls in Winter, an 1850 painting by the French-Canadian artist Joseph Légaré.
* A look at the surrounding areas, opposite the falls. Quebec City can be viewed in the distance
* Photo of the Sugarloaf forming at the base of the falls in winter
* Falls
* Suspension bridge
* Distant view
* View of Montmorency Falls from the Trans Canada Trail
* Wooden trail
# Bahr el Gazel Department

13°38′N 16°29′E﻿ / ﻿13.633°N 16.483°E﻿ / 13.633; 16.483
Bahr el Gazel (Arabic: بحر الغزال, French: Barh El Gazel) was formerly a department in the Kanem Region of Chad.
In 2008 the former department was split from Kanem to become a new region of the same name.
The capital of the former department and new region is Moussoro.

## Sub-divisions

The department was divided into six sub-prefectures:
* Amsileb
* Chadra
* Mandjoura
* Michemire
* Moussoro
* Salal
* Toumia
* Islet
* Mandjoura
# Sella, Greece

Sella (Greek: Σελλά) is a village in the municipal unit of Rio, Achaea, Greece. It is located in the northern foothills of the Panachaiko, at 500 m above sea level. The river Volinaios flows east and north of the village. It is 2 km east of Argyra and 9 km east of Rio.

## Population

| Year | Population |
| 1981 | 313 |
| 1991 | 384 |
| 2001 | 388 |
| 2011 | 302 |
| 2021 | 268 |