OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Osa, Perm Krai

Osa (Russian: Оса́) is a town and the administrative center of Osinsky District in Perm Krai, Russia, located on the left bank of the Kama River near its confluence with the Tulva, 146 kilometers (91 mi) southwest of Perm, the administrative center of the krai. As of the 2010 Census, its population was 21,188.

## History

It was founded in 1591 (according to other sources—in 1596) as the sloboda of Novonikolskaya (Новонико́льская) and later became a fortress. In a 1623 document, the settlement is referred to as the sloboda of Osinskaya Nikolskaya (Осинская Никольская), in 1678—as the sloboda of Osinskaya (Осинская), in 1732—as the village (selo) of Osa. It was granted town status in 1739. In 1960, oil fields were discovered near Osa. Oil extraction started in 1963.

## Administrative and municipal status

Within the framework of administrative divisions, Osa serves as the administrative center of Osinsky District, to which it is directly subordinated. As a municipal division, the town of Osa, together with five rural localities, is incorporated within Osinsky Municipal District as Osinskoye Urban Settlement.

## Demographics

Historical population of Osa, Perm Krai :
| Year | 1939 | 1959 | 1979 | 1989 | 2002 | 2010 |
| Population | 9,600 | 12,700 | 19,993 | 24,132 | 23,452 | 21,191 |
# Autovía EX-A2

The EX-A2 is an autovía in Extremadura. It originates from the Autovía A-5 (Spanish: Autovía del Suroeste, lit. 'Southwest Motorway') near the town of Miajadas and ends at the EX-206, a road that connects Don Benito and Villanueva de la Serena.
It runs parallel to the EX-106, which directly serves the same towns bypassed by the EX-A2. The autovía belongs to the road network owned by the Junta de Extremadura.

## History

The autovía was constructed in approximately 37 months at a cost of €101 million (equivalent to €144 million in 2023). It opened at noon on 19 April 2006, by the president of Extremadura, Juan Carlos Rodríguez Ibarra. The opening of the highway was hailed as a potential economic boon as it connected the most important cities of las Vegas Altas to the rest of Europe by controlled-access highways.

## Major intersections

| Province | Location | km | mi | Exit | Destinations | Notes |
| Cáceres | Miajadas | 0.000 | 0.000 | | A-5 / E90 – Miajadas, Madrid | |
| Cáceres | Miajadas | 5.400 | 3.355 | 6 | EX-106 – Miajadas | |
| Badajoz | Vivares | 6.160 | 3.828 | 8 | Vivares, Casar de Miajadas, Valdehornillos | |
| Badajoz | Ruecas | 14.350 | 8.917 | 15 | N-430 – Mérida, Badajoz, Ciudad Real | |
| Badajoz | Don Benito | 19.100 | 11.868 | 20 | EX-A2-R1 – Don Benito (west) EX-106 – Don Benito (central) | |
| Badajoz | Villanueva de la Serena | 22.300 | 13.857 | 23 | EX-A2-R2 – Villanueva de la Serena (north) | Autovía ends |
| Badajoz | Villanueva de la Serena | 23.735 | 14.748 | | EX-206 – Villanueva de la Serena, Don Benito | Roundabout |
| 1.000 mi = 1.609 km; 1.000 km = 0.621 mi |||||||
# PST

PST may refer to:

## Time zones

* Pacific Standard Time, UTC−08:00 (western North America)
* Pakistan Standard Time (usually PKT), UTC+05:00
* Philippine Standard Time (also PhST or PHT), UTC+08:00

## Science and technology

* Lead scandium tantalate, a ceramic material
* Partial stroke testing of valves
* Penoscrotal transposition, in medicine
* Personal Storage Table, a file format used in Microsoft applications
* Planar separator theorem, in graph theory
* Pocket set theory, in mathematics
* Post-stall technology, aircraft control system
* Program structure tree, in computer programming
* P$_{st}$$^{LM}$, short-term light flicker metric
* Puccinia striiformis f.sp. tritici, or Wheat yellow rust

## Economics and taxes

* The Prebisch–Singer thesis or Prebisch–Singer hypothesis
* Provincial Sales Tax, a sales tax in some Canadian provinces

## Places

* Trail of Remembrance and Comradeship (Slovene: Pot spominov in tovarištva), a walkway in Ljubljana, Slovenia
* Poznań Fast Tram (Polish: Poznański Szybki Tramwaj), Poland
* Prestonpans railway station, East Lothian, Scotland, station code

## Other uses

* Norwegian Police Security Service (Norwegian: Politiets sikkerhetstjeneste)
* Planescape: Torment, a 1999 video game
* Proto-Sino-Tibetan language
* Social Labour Party (Portuguese: Partido Social Trabalhista), a defunct political party in Brazil
* PST, in linguistics, glossing abbreviation for past tense
# Cydonia

Cydonia commonly refers to:
* Cydonia (Mars), a region of the planet Mars
* Cydonia or Kydonia, an ancient settlement at modern Chania in Greece
Cydonia may also refer to:

## Music and videogames

* Cydonia (album), a 2001 album by The Orb
* "Cydonia", a track on 1999 Crimson Glory album Astronomica
* Cydonia: Mars - The First Manned Mission, a 1998 videogame
* "Knights of Cydonia", a 2006 song by Muse

## Places

* Roman Catholic Diocese of La Canea, a Latin Catholic titular see on Crete, Greece

## Science

* Cydonia (genus), the quince genus of plant in the Rosaceae family
* Cydonia group, a former taxonomic division of the Maleae or apple tribe in the Rosaceae
* 1106 Cydonia, an asteroid in the main asteroid belt

## Other

* Cydonia, a surname for the ancient Greek goddess Athena. She had a temple at Phrixa in Elis
# Ságvár

Ságvár (Latin: Tricciana) is a village in Somogy county, Hungary.

## Etymology

According to the local legends the settlement was named after a pasha called Ság who had a castle there. Researchers agree that Ság was a Kabar or Hungarian person name which could be the name of its first owner. The word ság meant in old Hungarian domb (English: hill) or erdős magaslat (English: wooded heights). Vár (English: castle) refers to the traces of a Roman castle in Ságvár.

## History

According to László Szita the settlement was completely Hungarian in the 18th century.
# Nie genug

"Nie genug" (English: "Never Enough") is a song by Austrian recording artist Christina Stürmer. It was written by Thorsten Brötzmann, Alex Geringas, and Ivo Mohring for her third album, Lebe lauter (2006), while production was overseen by the former.

## Music video

The music video starts off with Stürmer singing live with her band on a beach of the Mediterranean Sea. Shots of her walking down a road, with a truck following behind her are shown. Scenes of Stürmer singing on rocks by the beach are shown. As the chorus starts for the second time, Stürmer begins running down the road, and the truck continues to follow her. By the end of the video, Stürmer stops running, and the rest of the band who are in the truck pull her onto it. The truck was rented by Event Film Cars Spain, the largest picture vehicle provider in Spain.
# Fredrik Pettersson-Wentzel

Fredrik Pettersson-Wentzel (born July 23, 1991) is a Swedish professional ice hockey goaltender who is currently playing for the ZSC Lions in the National League (NL).

## Playing career

Pettersson-Wentzel was drafted 128th overall by the Atlanta Thrashers in the 2010 NHL Entry Draft. He led Allsvenskan goaltenders in GAA for the 2009–10 season, but after failing to produce similar numbers in the following season Pettersson-Wentzel chose to sign with Timrå in Elitserien for the second half of the 2010–11 season. Pettersson-Wentzel's Elitserien debut came on January 22, 2011 in relief of Juha Pitkämäki.
After his third season with HV71 in 2017–18, Pettersson-Wentzel left Sweden as a free agent and agreed to a one-year contract with German outfit, Düsseldorfer EG of the DEL, on March 21, 2018. Following his lone season in 2018–19 with Düsseldorfer EG. Wentzel was not offered a new contract with Düsseldorfer on April 6, 2019.
On 31 May 2019, Pettersson-Wentzel returned to his native Sweden, agreeing to a one-year contract with newly promoted SHL club, IK Oskarshamn.

## International play

Pettersson-Wentzel represented Sweden at the 2011 World Junior Ice Hockey Championships along with Robin Lehner.

## Career statistics
### Regular season

| Season | Team | League | GP | W | L | T | MIN | GA | SO | GAA | SV% |
| 2009–10 | Almtuna | Allsvenskan | 37 | — | — | — | 2134:59 | 66 | 6 | 1.85 | .924 |

### Playoffs

| Season | Team | League | GP | W | L | MIN | GA | SO | GAA | SV% |
| 2010 | Almtuna | Kvalserien | 5 | — | — | 310:57 | 11 | 0 | 2.12 | .922 |

### International statistics

| Year | Team | Comp | Result | GP | W | L | T | MIN | GA | SO | GAA | SV% |
| 2011 | Sweden | WJC | 4th | 3 | — | — | — | 178:30 | 8 | 0 | 2.69 | .895 |

## Awards and honors

| Award | Year |
| SHL |||
| Le Mat trophy (HV71) | 2017 |
# Neokaisareia, Pieria

Neokaisareia (Greek: Νεοκαισάρεια, literally "New Caesarea") is a village and a community of the Katerini municipality in Greece. The village was founded in 1928 by Greek refugees coming from the town of Neocaesarea in Pontus. Before the 2011 local government reform, it was part of the municipality of Katerini, of which it was a municipal district. The 2021 census recorded 339 inhabitants in the village.
# Istria (disambiguation)

Istria or Istrian may refer to:
* Istria, a large peninsula in northern Adriatic Sea shared by Croatia, Slovenia and Italy
** Istria County, present-day county of Croatia whose territory includes almost 90 percent of the peninsula
** Slovene Istria, present-day region of Slovenia which includes northwestern portion of the peninsula
** March of Istria, a historical county located on the peninsula
** Istrian identity, a historical identity in the region
* 183 Istria, an asteroid discovered in 1878 named after the peninsula
* Istria (Milan Metro), a subway station in Milan, Italy
* Istria, Constanța, a commune in Romania on the Black Sea
* Istria (river), a river in Constanța County, Romania
* Istria, an IYRU 15mR racing yacht designed by Charles Ernest Nicholson and launched in 1912
# Meteor Stadium

Meteor Stadium (Ukrainian: Стадіон «Метеор») is a multi-purpose stadium in Dnipro, Ukraine. It is part of the Sports Complex Meteor and is a home of the Olympic and Paralympic teams of Ukraine with status national.

## Overview

It is used for various Olympic sports and football matches, and for quite some time was the home of FC Dnipro. The stadium can hold 24,381 people. It has lighting 1,200 lux.
The main city club FC Dnipro relocated to Dnipro Stadium (which was built in place of the old Metalurh Stadium) after a long spell at the Meteor in 1966-2008.
The stadium also has athletics tracks, a badminton hall with four courts, a wrestling hall, three tennis courts and two weightlifting rooms.

## History

The first football match was played on 30 August 1966 against Shinnik Yaroslavl which Dnipro won 3:1.
On 15 October 1981, a major tragedy took place after a game of the 1981 Soviet Top League between Dnipro and Spartak Moscow, after which 11 people died during a mass exit from the stadium.

## Games of the Ukraine national football team

| Date | Type | Host | Score | Guest | Goals | Attendance |
| 8 October 2005 | FIFA World Cup Qual UEFA Group 2 | Ukraine | 2 – 2 | Albania | Andriy Shevchenko 45' Erjon Bogdani 75' Erjon Bogdani 83' Ruslan Rotan 86' | 24,000 |
# Lias, Gers

Lias (French pronunciation:; Occitan: Liars) is a commune in the Gers department in southwestern France.
# Decentralized Administration of Attica

The Decentralized Administration of Attica (Greek: Αποκεντρωμένη Διοίκηση Αττικής) is one of the seven decentralized administrations of Greece, solely consisting of the region of Attica. Its seat is Athens.

## Formation and tasks

Decentralized Administrations were created in January 2011 as part of a far-reaching reform of the country's administrative structure, the Kallikratis reform (Law 3852/2010).
They enjoy both administrative and financial autonomy and exercise devolved state powers in urban planning, environmental and energy policy, forestry, migration and citizenship. Beyond that, they are tasked with supervising the first and second-level self-governing bodies: the municipalities and regions, in this case the 66 municipalities of Attica and the region itself.

## Characteristics

Covering an area of 3,808 km$^2$ (1,470 sq mi), Attica is by far the smallest, but with an overall population of 3,828,434 also by far the most populated of the seven decentralized administrations.
In the European NUTS nomenclature, Attica forms the first level NUTS region EL3 (Attiki).

## General Secretary

The Decentralized Administration is led by a Secretary-General (Γενικός Γραμματέας) who is appointed or dismissed by a Cabinet decision upon request of the Greek Minister of Interior, and is therefore considered the senior representative of the national government in the regions.
In January 2014, Manolis Angelakas (Nea Dimokratia), who previously had been responsible for Peloponnese, Western Greece and the Ionian, was appointed Secretary-General. Following the electoral victory of Syriza in January 2015, the new Minister for the Interior, Nikos Voutsis, declared that the decentralized administrations would be abolished, and their powers transferred to the regions. Until this reform is formalized, and as the Secretaries-General appointed by the previous administration resigned on 2 February, the decentralized administrations are run by their senior civil servants as Acting Secretaries-General.

### List of secretaries-general

* Ilias Liakopoulos (PASOK), January 2011 – August 2012
* Dimitris Kalogeropoulos [el] (Nea Dimokratia), August 2012 – January 2014
* Manolis Angelakas [pl] (Nea Dimokratia), January 2014 – February 2015
# Ahtem Chiygoz

Ahtem Chiygoz (Crimean Tatar: Ahtem Zeytulla oğlu Çiygoz, Ukrainian: Ахтем Зейтуллайович Чийгоз, born 14 December 1964, Bulungur, Uzbek SSR) is a Ukrainian Crimean Tatar politician. He is the Deputy Chairman of the Mejlis of the Crimean Tatar People, a People's Deputy of Ukraine in the current convocation, Chairman of the Bakhchysaray regional Mejlis, and delegate to the Qurultay of the Crimean Tatar People.

## Biography

He is a former political prisoner of the Kremlin; following Russia's attempted annexation of Ukraine's Crimean peninsula he was arrested on January 29, 2015, and charged with organization of a rally in support of the territorial integrity of Ukraine that took place in Simferopol on February 26, 2014. He was freed on October 25, 2017.
In the 2019 Ukrainian parliamentary election, Chiygoz was elected to the Ukrainian parliament as a deputy for the party European Solidarity.
Head of the Subcommittee on Ethnic Policy, Rights of Indigenous Peoples and National Minorities of Ukraine of the Verkhovna Rada Committee on Human Rights, De-occupation and Reintegration of the Temporarily Occupied Territories in Donetsk and Luhansk Regions and the Autonomous Republic of Crimea, the City of Sevastopol, National Minorities and International Relations[20]. Currently, in 2024, he is living in Turkey with his family.
# Vrtovin

Vrtovin (pronounced or; Italian: Vertovino) is a village on the northern edge of the Vipava Valley in the Municipality of Ajdovščina in the Littoral region of Slovenia. It includes several smaller hamlets: Grželi, Čebuli, Fužina, Guli, and Stovška Vas (Slovene: Stovška vas) south of the main village and Krti, Šateji, Subani, Jama, Kocjani, Rebki, Čermeli, Guštini, Fevči, and Lozarji to the north.
The local church is dedicated to the Assumption of Mary and belongs to the Parish of Kamnje.
# Pandit Ravishankar Shukla Stadium

Ravishankar Shukla Stadium is a cricket ground in Durg, Chhattisgarh. The hosted its first match between Madhya Pradesh cricket team against Uttar Pradesh cricket team in 1979. After 20 year, the stadium hosted its first List-A match between Madhya Pradesh cricket team against Uttar Pradesh cricket team where Madhya Pradesh cricket team won 6 wickets. Devendra Bundela and Abbas Ali scored unbeaten 125 and 106 respectively. Then the stadium hosts its last match between Madhya Pradesh cricket team against Uttar Pradesh cricket team in 1999/00 Ranji Trophy and the match was drawn.
# Hervé Mirouze

Hervé Mirouze (10 December 1924 – 17 July 1998) was a French football player and coach.
He spent all his playing career as a defender at his local club, SO Montpellier, AS Cannes and Olympique Alès. In 1955, Mirouze became the coach of the Montpelliérain club. He also coached SC Toulon.

## Honours
### Coach

Montpellier
* French Division 2: 1960–61
# Viktor Lyapkalo

Viktor Alexandrovich Lyapkalo (Russian: Виктор Александрович Ляпкало, 18 September 1956, Komi Republic) is a Russian and Soviet painter, who lives and works in Saint Petersburg.

## Biography

Viktor Alexandrovič Lyapkalo was born on 18 September 1956 in Uchta, Komi Republic. He graduated in 1978 from the Art School of Saratov. From 1979 to 1987 he studied at the Saint Petersburg Academy of Arts and had as teachers Vladimir Gorb and Viktor Reichet. He graduated from this institute, completing the work White Night as part of his undergraduate studies. He specialized in landscapes and nudes.
Since the '80s he has lived and worked in St. Petersburg and is a member of the Union of Artists of this city.
# Lakiya

Lakiya (Hebrew: לָקִיָּה) or Laqye (Arabic: اللقية, romanized: al-Laqya) is a Bedouin town (local council) in the Southern District of Israel. In 2022 it had a population of 16,011.

## History

Lakiya was founded in 1985 as part of a government project to settle Bedouins in permanent settlements. It is one of the seven original government-planned Bedouin townships in the Negev desert.
In 1999 the first local council elections were held, with Sheikh Ibrahim Abu Maharab elected as council head. Abu Maharab was later succeeded by Khaled al-Sana.
Since 2016, the Trans-Israel Highway 6 services Lakiya, being connected to the town through both the Lakiya and Shoket Interchanges.

## Demographics

According to the Israel Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS), the population of Lakiya was 9,943 in December 2010 (7,600 in December 2004). Its annual growth rate is 3.1%. Lakiya's jurisdiction is 5,728 dunams (5.7 km²).
There are several Bedouin clans residing in Lakiya, the largest being al-Sana; other families are al-Assad, Abu Ammar and Abu Maharab. Some clans do not live inside Lakiya, but on adjacent territory.

## Economy

In 2013, Arab-Bedouin women from Lakiya and other Bedouin towns participated in a sewing course for fashion design at the Amal College in Beer Sheva, including lessons on sewing and cutting, personal empowerment and business initiatives.
The Lakiya Negev Weaving Project was founded in 1991 to empower Negev Bedouin women by applying their traditional weaving skills to the manufacture and sale of woven products. It is based on the unique Bedouin heritage passed on from mother to daughter. Approximately 130 Bedouin women are involved in all the stages of the production from initial wool treatment, weaving the rugs, cushion covers and pouches, and sales. The women were provided with professional guidance and hands-on assistance in marketing, branding, sales, the business's organizational structure and business plan, fundraising and networking. The aim was to create a profitable and financially independent cooperative business. Several retailers and chains now sell the goods in Israel and abroad.
The Desert Embroidery Project is another women's empowerment program in Lakiya Some 20 women completed their professional entrepreneurial and business training and guidance and initiated a project based on the design and production of the traditional Bedouin costume jewelry. They are producing this embroidery at home with traditional Bedouin motifs and decorations. The women also hold Bedouin embroidery workshops and events based on the Bedouin tradition. Their workshop also serves as a visitors' center.

## Notable people

* Ismael Abu-Saad, professor of education, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev
* Amal Elsana Alh'jooj, feminist and peace activist
* Roz Willey as-Sana, Bedouin Weaving project coordinator
* Taleb el-Sana, an Israeli politician, the longest serving Arab member of the Knesset
# NGC 7767

NGC 7767 is a 14th-magnitude lenticular galaxy located within the constellation Pegasus. It was discovered in 1872 by Ralph Copeland using Lord Rosse's 72-inch telescope. It is an S0a type galaxy with a redshift of 0.026829.
# Phelim O'Neill, 2nd Baron Rathcavan

Phelim Robert Hugh O'Neill, 2nd Baron Rathcavan, PC (NI) (2 November 1909 – 20 December 1994), was a politician in Northern Ireland and a hereditary peer in the British House of Lords.
The son of Hugh O'Neill, a unionist politician, Phelim studied at Eton College before joining the Royal Artillery. He became a major during World War II.
O'Neill was elected to Westminster for the Ulster Unionist Party at the 1952 North Antrim by-election, succeeding his father. He stood down at the 1959 general election. At the 1958 Stormont elections, he was elected, again to represent North Antrim. In 1969, he briefly served as Minister of Education before becoming the Minister of Agriculture. In 1958, he was appointed High Sheriff of Antrim.
O'Neill joined the Alliance Party of Northern Ireland in 1972, and acted as its leader at the Darlington Conference. At the 1973 Northern Ireland Assembly election, he was unsuccessful in North Antrim. In 1982, he succeeded his father as the second Baron Rathcavan.
# Gamshad

Gamshad (Persian: گمشاد, also Romanized as Gamshād) is a village in Qorqori Rural District, Qorqori District, Hirmand County, Sistan and Baluchestan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 789, in 155 families.
# The Maid of Orleans (play)

The Maid of Orleans (German: Die Jungfrau von Orleans, German pronunciation: ) is a tragedy by Friedrich Schiller, premiered on 11 September 1801 in Leipzig. During his lifetime, it was one of Schiller's most frequently-performed pieces.

## Plot

The play loosely follows the life of Joan of Arc. It contains a prologue introducing the important characters, followed by five acts. Each dramatizes a significant event in Joan's life. Up to act 4 the play departs from history in only secondary details (e.g. by having Joan kill people in battle, and by shifting the reconciliation between the Armagnacs and the Burgundians from 1435 to 1430). Thereafter, however, the plot is entirely free. Joan is about to kill an English knight when, on removing his helmet, she at once falls in love with him, and spares him. Blaming herself for what she regards as a betrayal of her mission, then, when at Reims she is publicly accused of sorcery, she refuses to defend herself, is assumed to be guilty, and dismissed from the French court and army. Captured by the English, she witnesses from her prison cell a battle in which the French are being decisively defeated, breaks her bonds, and dashes out to save the day. She dies as victory is won, her honour and her reputation both restored.
The line Mit der Dummheit kämpfen Götter selbst vergebens (III, 6; Talbot) translates into English as "Against stupidity, the gods themselves battle in vain." This provided Isaac Asimov with the title of his novel The Gods Themselves.

## Operatic adaptations

* Giovanna d'Arco: Dramma per musica ridotto da Schiller (1821) by Zinaida Volkonskaya
* Giovanna d'Arco (1830) by Giovanni Pacini
* Giovanna d'Arco (1845) by Giuseppe Verdi
* The Maid of Orleans (1881) by Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky
* Das Mädchen aus Domrémy (1976) by Giselher Klebe
The English composer William Sterndale Bennett's Piano Sonata, Op. 46 (1873), is titled The Maid of Orleans with direct reference to Schiller's play, and includes quotations from the play at the head of each movement. In the 1870's the composer-pianist Moritz Moszkowski also wrote a four-movement symphonic poem on the play.