OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Hellabrunn Zoo

Hellabrunn Zoo (German: Tierpark Hellabrunn) is a 40 hectare (99 acre) zoological garden in the Bavarian capital of Munich. The zoo is situated on the right bank of the river Isar, in the southern part of Munich near the quarter of Thalkirchen.
A high ratio of enclosures are cageless, relying upon moat features to keep the animals in place. The zoo was the first zoo in the world not organized by species, but also by geographical aspects. For example, the wood bison share their enclosure with prairie dogs.
In 2013, the zoo was ranked the fourth best zoo in Europe (up from 12th). It focuses on conservation and captive breeding rare species such as the rare drill and silvery gibbons. Also gorillas, giraffes, elephants, wood bisons, elk and Arctic foxes were successfully bred in the zoo, which houses many species. It is one of the very few zoos that allows visitors to bring dogs.
Tierpark Hellabrunn is a member of the European Association of Zoos and Aquaria (EAZA) and the World Association of Zoos and Aquariums (WAZA) and participates in the European Endangered Species Programme (EEP).

## History

On 25 February 1905 the Verein Zoologischer Garten München e.V. (transl. Society of the Zoological Garden of Munich) was founded and the Hellabrunn area was chosen as the location for the zoo. The zoo was designed by architect Emanuel von Seidl, and opened to the public on 1 August 1911.
In 1922, the zoo was closed due to the inflation in Germany. It was re-opened on 23 May 1928. It became the first Geo-Zoo in the world (animals were shown and kept with other animals of the same geographic region). It also engaged in controversial back-breeding to "recreate" extinct animals like Heck cattle (to mimic the Aurochs) and the Tarpan.
Lutz Heck was a renowned zoologist in Nazi Germany, his brother Heinz Heck was director of Hellabrunn Zoo at the time. During World War II, the zoo sustained extensive damage due to strategic bombing by the Allies of World War II, but the zoo was able to reopen in May 1945.
In 1970, a badly needed plan for the renovation of the zoo was drawn up.

## Hellabrunn today

In 2014 it was home to 18,943 animals representing 767 species.
The Tierpark Hellabrunn is very active in breeding, reintroduction and conservation projects.
Over 2.2 million people visited Hellabrunn in 2014.
As the groundwater level here is rather high and the water is of very good quality, the zoo can cover its needs for freshwater by using its own wells.

## Attractions

* The elephant house: Constructed in 1914, renovated 2011–2016
* The new jungle house which houses gorillas, chimpanzees, Diana monkeys and American alligators
* Rare but very acrobatic silvery gibbons, spider monkeys and rare drills
* The new savannah house where visitors are separated only by a glass wall from the giraffes
* The aquarium with the piranha feeding
* "Dracula's villa" – bats fly around visitors
* Many other buildings like the "Polarium"
* Guided tours – especially when it is dark and there is no one else in the zoo
* Children's birthday parties
# Petrades

Petrades (Greek: Πετράδες) is a village near the easternmost point of mainland Greece. Since 1997, it is part of the municipality of Didymoteicho. It is located south of the community of Pythio. Turkey is to the south and to the east. Forests are along the riverbed and farmlands are along Petrades. It is accessed by a road linking Greek National Road 51 near Didymoteicho with Pythio. The community was affected by the floods of Evros which lasted from February 17 to March 8, 2005.
# Alexandru Jicul

Alexandru Jicul (born 23 January 1982) is a Moldovan former professional football player. He also holds Russian citizenship.
# Stanisław Kostanecki

Stanisław Kostanecki (born 16 April 1860 in Myszaków, now in Poland then Kingdom of Prussia – 15 November 1910 in Würzburg) was a Polish organic chemist, professor who pioneered in vegetable dye chemistry e.g. curcumin. He is best known for discovering Kostanecki acylation, which was named after him.
In 1896, he developed the theory of dyes and studied the natural vegetable dyes. Among his many students were scientists Kazimierz Funk and Wiktor Lampe.
# Topličice, Semič

Topličice (pronounced; formerly also Male Toplice; German: Töplitzel, Gottscheerish: Teplitzle) is a remote abandoned settlement in the Municipality of Semič in southern Slovenia. The area is part of the traditional region of Lower Carniola and is now included in the Southeast Slovenia Statistical Region. Its territory is now part of the village of Sredgora. It lies in a narrow dry valley 1 km east of Sredgora.

## Name

The name Topličice and names like it (e.g., Dolenjske Toplice) are derived from the Slovene common noun *toplica 'hot spring', referring to a local geological feature. The German name Töplitzel and Gottscheerish name Teplitzle are derived from the Slovenian name. Both the Slovene and German names are diminutives (with the suffixes -ice and -el), also reflected in the obsolete Slovene name Male Toplice, all literally 'little hot spring(s)'. The diminutive form may have also helped differentiate the settlement from many others named Toplice/Töplitz.

## History

Topličice was a Gottschee German village. It was not recorded in the land registry of 1574, and so it may have developed later as a settlement founded under the Counts of Blagay. It had six houses in 1750. Before the Second World War, the village had four houses and a population of 17. The forest railway between Rog and Črnomelj ran near the village. The population made a living by selling wood, raising livestock, and some viticulture, with vineyards located in Rodine. The original inhabitants were evicted from the village in the fall of 1941. It was burned by Italian troops in the summer of 1942 during the Rog Offensive and was never rebuilt. The ruins of the village are now registered as cultural heritage.

## Church

A chapel of ease dedicated to Saint Martin stood in the village. The church dated back to at least 1610, when its 80 kg bell was cast. As such, the church was the oldest known cultural monument in the Parish of Planina (German: Stockendorf).
# Munio Pillinger

Munio Pillinger was a male Austrian international table tennis player.

## Career

He won two bronze medals at the 1926 World Table Tennis Championships in the men's doubles with Paul Flussmann and men's singles and a silver medal in the men's team. Two years later he won a silver medal at the 1928 World Table Tennis Championships in the men's team event.
# Munsbach Castle

Munsbach Castle (Luxembourgish: Schlass Mënsbech; French: Château de Munsbach; German: Schloss Münsbach) is located to the west of Munsbach, in the Schuttrange commune, east of Luxembourg city. Built in 1775 in the Baroque style, the main building was originally used as a manor for a long time, before it was transformed into a castle at the end of the 19th century, with the addition of two towers and a number of independent buildings.
The castle is situated in the midst of a park with a rose garden that is permanently open to the public free of charge, and which hosts an annual Rose Fest in September. The garden preserves a collection of more than 600 rose varieties with a rich history of Luxembourgish heritage, dating back to the beginning of the 20th century, when Luxembourg was once the largest exporter of roses in the world. The rose garden was created and is regularly maintained and improved by volunteers of the Lëtzebuerger Rousefrënn (Luxembourg Rose friends) association, in collaboration with the Schuttrange commune.
The castle itself cannot be visited, and it now serves as the administrative building of the Centre for Social and Emotional Development (CDSE) which created and designed the first open-air mindfulness trail in the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg, which was inaugurated in 2021 by Claude Meisch as Minister of National Education, Children and Youth. With the help of mindfulness, a practice with origins in Buddhism, the CDSE promotes awareness of emotional skills and well-being. It was originally an initiative in response to the effects of stress and emotional insecurity caused by the covid-pandemic.

## Past administration

In 1927 the buildings were sold to the Zender-Angelsberg family who operated a distillery, and manufactured the "Bernardine" Liqueur.
In 1943 the castle was sold to Gauleiter Gustav Simon who turned it into an orphanage, which continued to be run by the Luxembourg state after the second world war, until 1979.
From 1983 to 2006 its premises were used by l’Institut d’Europe, and from 2002 till 2015 the buildings were administered by the Institut Universitaire International Luxembourg which provides educational courses in business, European law and public sector management.
The castle also hosted the European University Foundation - Campus Europae, a network of universities, which promotes European citizenship and multilingualism through student exchange and academic cooperation.
# Wadai Site

Wadai ruins (和台遺跡, Wadai iseki) is an archaeological site with the ruins of a Jōmon period settlement, located in what is now part of the city of Fukushima, Fukushima Prefecture in the Tōhoku region of Japan. The site was designated a National Historic Site of Japan in 2006.

## Overview

The Wadai ruins date from the middle Jōmon period (4500–4000 years ago), and are located on an elevated plateau with an altitude of 195 meters, in the former town of Iino, Fukushima, sandwiched between the Abukuma River and the Megami River. The site was excavated during construction work on the Fukushima Prefectural Route No. 39 highway, but after the survey was completed, the highway was rerouted to a tunnel in order to protect the ruins.
The site was found to contain the ruins of over 230 pit dwellings and stilt-pillar buildings surrounding circular plaza, making it one of the largest Jōmon settlement sites to have been discovered in Fukushima. Most of the pit dwelling had storage pits, but numerous grave pits were also found. Numerous pottery fragments have been discovered including an earthenware statue of a human body (head, body, limbs) and pottery with textile patterns and containing hunting scenes. Anthropomorphic Jōmon pottery was common in far northern Japan and Hokkaido, but had never been found so far south before this find. Daily utensils made from bone, stone and animal horn have been uncovered, as well as artifacts made from obsidian and oceanic fish bones from the Kantō, Hokuriku and Chūbu regions, indicating long distance trade in the Jōmon period.
The settlement appears to have been inhabited for approximately 200 years, but then was abandoned for unknown reasons. Another mystery about the site is that although pottery shards were very numerous, there was no trace of any clay mining or pottery firing.
The site was backfilled after excavation, and is marked with a stone monument. It is located about 16 minutes by car from Matsukawa Station on the JR East Tōhoku Main Line.
# Meu Pé de Laranja Lima (disambiguation)

Meu Pé de Laranja Lima is a 1968 novel by José Mauro de Vasconcelos.
Meu Pé de Laranja Lima may also refer to:
* Meu Pé de Laranja Lima (film), the 1970 film adaptation of the nove
* Meu Pé de Laranja Lima, also known as My Sweet Orange Tree, the 2012 film adaptation of the novel
* Meu Pé de Laranja Lima (TV series), the 1998 telenovela adaptation of the novel
* O Meu Pé de Laranja Lima (1970 TV series), a telenovela adaptation of the novel
* O Meu Pé de Laranja Lima (1980 TV series), a telenovela adaptation of the novel
# Dirk Valkenburg

Dirk Valkenburg (1675, in Amsterdam – 1721, in Amsterdam), was a Dutch Golden Age painter.

## Biography

According to the RKD he was a pupil of Michiel van Musscher, Herman van Vollenhove, and Jan Weenix. In 1698 he worked in Vienna for the Prince of Liechtenstein, and from 1706-1707 he travelled to Suriname to draw the native plants and birds for the wealthy city secretary of Amsterdam, Jonas Witsen, who owned a plantation there and whom he met through his teacher Musscher.
He is known for exotic landscapes, paintings of birds, and fruit and flower still lifes.

## Reception

Since 2010 Dutch artist Willem de Rooij has been working on the first monographic publication on the life and work of Dirk Valkenburgh.
# Sauveterre, Gers

Sauveterre (French pronunciation:; Occitan: Sauvatèrra) is a commune in the Gers department in southwestern France.

## Geography
### Hydrology

The river Gesse forms part of the commune's southern border, then flows into the Save, which forms most of its eastern border.
# Roger de Pins

Roger de Pins (1294 – 28 May 1365) was the grand master of the Knights Hospitaller from 1355 to the 1365.

## Biography

Little is known about de Pins's early life besides the fact that he came from Provence. Born in 1294, Roger de Pins came from a prominent family in the Knights Hospitaller, which included Odon de Pins, who served as grand master of the order from 1294 to 1296, and Giraud de Pins, who served as the papal appointed leader in Rhodes from 1317 to 1319 when there was conflict around the grandmaster Foulques de Villaret.
He was elected grand master in September of 1355, succeeding Pierre de Corneillan. Soon after his accession, Pope Innocent VI called an assembly in Avignon, in which he imposed reform upon the Knights Hospitaller. The reform, however, also undermined the authority of de Pins and showed papal favor to an opponent of his, Juan Fernández de Heredia.
In 1356, James of Piedmont, titular Prince of Achaea, proposed selling his title as Prince of Achaea to the pope. The pope considered buying it for the Hospitallers, but by the time the Hospitaller delegation arrived in Avignon in 1357, the titular Latin Emperor Robert II had refused to accept the deal, causing it to fall through.

## Legacy

Roger de Pins is primarily remembered for his generosity and compassion when he served as grand master of the order. It is said that during his reign Rhodes was hit by plague and famine, and de Pins provided for the people, only keeping what he needed to live.
# Kesar, Lakan

Kesar (Persian: كسار, also Romanized as Kesār; also known as Kesār Varzal, Kīsār, and Kvisar) is a village in Lakan Rural District, in the Central District of Rasht County, Gilan Province, Iran. At the 2016 census, its population was 23, in 7 families, down from 56 people in 2006.
# Vladimir Romanishin

Vladimir Romanishin (born 27 August 1959) is a Soviet rower. He competed at the 1988 Summer Olympics and the 1992 Summer Olympics.
# Buchin

Buchin (Hungarian: Bökény) is a commune in Caraș-Severin County, western Romania with a population of 2,147 people. It is composed of five villages: Buchin, Lindenfeld (Karánberek; German: Lindenfeld), Poiana (Sebesmező), Prisian (Perestyén) and Valea Timișului (Körpa). It is situated in the historical region of Banat.
Lindenfeld village has been depopulated since 1998.

## Natives

* Imre Erőss
# Tricolour Flag Museum

The Tricolour Flag Museum (Italian: Museo del Tricolore) is located in Reggio nell'Emilia, the city that saw the birth of the Italian flag in 1797, inside the town hall of the city, adjacent to the Sala del Tricolore, whose collection is made up of relics related to the Italian flag.

## History

The museum reconstructs the history of the Italian flag, which was adopted in Reggio Emilia for the first time, right in the nearby Sala del Tricolore. On 7 January 1797 it was in fact chosen as the national flag of the Cispadane Republic: for the first time the tricolour became the national flag of a sovereign Italian state. In fact, previously, the tricolour was used as a war flag and as a civic symbol of local authorities. It was inspired by the French flag, which at the time was a symbol of freedom against the states of the ancien régime.

## The exhibitions

Inaugurated on 7 January 2004, it preserves documents, relics and Italian flags ranging from the arrival of Napoleon Bonaparte in Reggio Emilia (1796) to its fall (1814), and others from the subsequent Italian unification period. The part of the museum that houses the latter was inaugurated on 7 January 2006. The dating of the relics preserved goes back to 1897, the year of the first centenary of the Italian flag. There are also a large number of tricolor flags of the Italian pre-unification States.

## Gallery

* Interior of the museum
* Interior of the museum
* Interior of the museum
* Interior of the museum
# 1513 Marash earthquake

The 1513 Marash earthquake or Maraş earthquake was a major earthquake that happened near Marash in 1513. It followed about 400 years after the 1114 Marash earthquake and after about 500 years was followed by the 2023 Marash earthquake.
The earthquake may have been felt as far as Cairo. A distant earthquake was felt from Cairo on 28 March 1513, however it is not known for certain if this was the same earthquake because some sources put the date of the Marash earthquake at 1514.
The earthquake was associated with rupture along the Pazarcık Segment and its magnitude was estimated at M$_s$ 7.4. The previous major earthquake in this segment was the 1114 Marash earthquake roughly 400 years earlier which was also magnitude 7.4 or higher. With this earthquake now being over 500 years ago, data points towards a massive buildup of pressure in this zone as of 2018, making a next major earthquake in this zone likely. It was recommended to prepare for another earthquake that is magnitude 7.5.
# Damelj

Damelj (pronounced; German: Damel) is a settlement above the left bank of the Kolpa River in the Municipality of Črnomelj in the White Carniola area of southeastern Slovenia. The area is part of the traditional region of Lower Carniola and is now included in the Southeast Slovenia Statistical Region.
The local church is dedicated to Saint Michael and belongs to the Parish of Vinica. It is a Gothic building that was restyled in 1664. The main altar dates to the late 17th century.
# Lawrence Romo

Lawrence Guzman Romo (born July 13, 1956) is an American civil servant and former United States Air Force officer. He served as 12th director of the Selective Service System in the Obama administration. He is a former National Commander of the American GI Forum, and served from August 2018 to August 2021. He is the current American GI Forum National Legislative Director and was appointed by Congressman Adam Smith to serve on the Base Naming Commission until October 2022.

## Early life and education

Romo was born and raised in San Antonio, Texas and earned his Bachelor of Science degree from the United States Air Force Academy in 1978 and a Master of Education degree from Northern Montana College in 1983.

## Military career

Romo served in various assignments for the United States Air Force, both on active duty and in the reserve. He served as a United States Air Force Academy admissions advisor in various positions, supporting the operation of the Minuteman Missile Weapon and Launch System, in training operations, and as an air transportation officer. Upon retiring from the U.S. Air Force Reserve as a lieutenant colonel, Romo was the USAF Academy liaison officer director for South Texas. He joined the United States Civil Service Commission in 1987, serving from 1987 until 1992 as an item manager for the Directorate of Special Weapons, and from 1992 through 1999, as the transition assistance program specialist at the Kelly Field Annex. He also served as the chairman of Bexar County Veterans Committee and a member of the American Legion, American GI Forum, Association of United States Army, and the Military Officers Association of America. He served as chairman of the San Antonio Commission for Children and Families for the City of San Antonio, Texas.
Prior to being Selective Service System director, he was the soldier and family assistance program manager for the United States Army Recruiting Command.

## Director of the Selective Service System

While director of the Selective Service System, Romo supervised the agency that registers all United States citizens and foreign nationals living in the United States who are male (except prisoners and mental hospital patients) and who are between 18 and 26 years of age.
Romo's term as director ended with the Obama administration, and he was replaced by Adam J. Copp, who served on an interim basis. President Donald Trump later selected former Member of the Washington State Senate, Don Benton, who took office in April 2017.
# Erik Andersen

Erik Andersen may refer to:
* Erik Andersen (chess player) (1904–1938), Danish chess player
* Erik Andersen (cyclist) (1902–1980), Danish Olympic cyclist
* Erik Andersen (fencer) (1919–1993), Danish Olympic fencer
* Erik Andersen (politician) (born 1937), Norwegian politician
* Erik Bo Andersen (born 1970), Danish former professional footballer
* Erik Andersen (child molester) (born 1952), also referred to as "The Pocket Man", convicted Norwegian child molester
# Owch Bolagh, Zanjan

Owch Bolagh (Persian: اوچ بلاغ, also Romanized as Owch Bolāgh and Ūch Bolāgh; also known as Uch-Bulag, Ūchbūlāgh, and Uchbulāq) is a village in Qareh Poshtelu-e Bala Rural District, Qareh Poshtelu District, Zanjan County, Zanjan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 223, in 54 families.
# Yevgeny Andrikanis

Yevgeniy Nikolayevich Andrikanis (December 27, 1909 - December 19, 1993) was a Soviet cameraman, director and screenwriter. He was also known as a front-line cameraman during the Great Patriotic War. Andrikanis received the title of People's Artist of the USSR in 1982 and Lenin Prize in 1978.

## Biography

Andrikanis was born on December 27, 1909, in Paris into a family of Russian immigrants. His father, Nikolay Adamovich Andrikanis, was a lawyer, and his mother, Ekaterina Pavlovna Schmidt, was a relative of Nikolai Pavlovich Schmidt. Andrikanis received secondary education in Moscow, where his family moved back to in 1916. Upon graduating from school in 1928, he worked at the Sovkino filming studio [ru] as an assistant to cameraman. Simultaneously, he studied at the cameraman's department of the Gerasimov Institute of Cinematography. He graduated from the university in 1932 and spent a year in the Red Army.
Andrikanis began to work at the Mosfilm studio in 1933. He took part in filming Dreamers [ru] (1934), Cosmic Voyage (1936) and The Generation of Winners (1936). His first major work as a cinematographer was Mashenka released n 1942.
In 1942–1944, he worked as a front-line cameraman on the Voronezh Front and Normandy.
Andrikanis became a member of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union in 1968. He was also a member of the USSR Union of Journalists [ru] and USSR Union of Cinematographers [ru].
Andrikanis died on December 19, 1993. He is buried in the Preobrazhenskoye Cemetery in Moscow.

## Personal life

Andrikanis was married twice. His daughter from the first marriage, Tatyana Lavrova, was an actress. He had another daughter from his second marriage with Galina Zakharova [ru].

## Partial filmography
### Cinematographer

* 1937 - Gavrosh [ru]
* 1938 - Peat-Bog Soldiers [Russian: Bolotnye soldaty]
* 1941 - First cavalry [ru] [Russian: Pervaya konnaya]
* 1944 - Days and Nights [Russian: Dni i nochi]
* 1944 - The Moscow Sky [Russian: Nebo Moskvy]
* 1948 - Three Encounters [Russian: Tri vstrechi]
* 1951 - Przhevalsky
* 1953 - The Great Warrior Skanderbeg [Russian: Velikiy voin Albanii Skanderbeg]
* 1955 - Othello
* 1957 - Stories About Lenin [Russian: Rasskazy o Lenine], Pardesi

### Director

* 1960 - Northern Story [Russian: Severnaya povest]
* 1965 - Killed at Dawn [ru] [Russian: Kazneny na rassvete]
# A Drama in Livonia

A Drama in Livonia (French: Un drame en Livonie) is a tragic mystery novel written by Jules Verne in 1893, revised in 1903 and first published in 1904.

## Plot outline

In the Governorate of Livonia, a bank employee who is carrying money is murdered. The prime suspect is Professor Dimitri Nicolef. He was the only person present, besides the innkeeper German Kroff. Wladimir Yanof, a lawyer and the fiancé of Ilka Nicolef (the professor's daughter), has escaped from Siberia to prove the innocence of his future father-in-law.

## Publication history

* 1967, UK, London: Arco. 192 pp., First UK edition