# List of Solar System extremes

This article describes extreme locations of the Solar System. Entries listed in bold are Solar System-wide extremes.

## By feature

| Record | Data | Feature |
| Largest canyon | 4000 km long, 200 km wide | Valles Marineris, Mars |
| Tallest mountain | 22 km (13.6 mi) | Rheasilvia central peak, Vesta |
| Tallest volcano | 25 km (15.5 mi) | Olympus Mons, Mars |
| Tallest cliff | 20 km (12.4 mi) | Verona Rupes, Miranda, Uranus |
| Largest impact crater | 2,700 km (1,700 mi) | North Polar Basin, Mars |

## By class

| Type | Average density | Average density | Average temperature | Average temperature | Average surface gravity | Average surface gravity |
| Type | Lowest | Highest | Lowest | Highest | Lowest | Highest |
| Star | 1.4 g/cm$^3$ Sun | 1.4 g/cm$^3$ Sun | 5778 K Sun | 5778 K Sun | 274 m/s$^2$ Sun | 274 m/s$^2$ Sun |
| Major planet | 0.7 g/cm$^3$Saturn | 5.51 g/cm$^3$ Earth | 73 K Neptune | 733 K Venus | 3.70 m/s$^2$ Mercury | 23.1 m/s$^2$ Jupiter |
| Dwarf planet | 1.4 ±0.2 g/cm$^3$ Orcus | 2.52 ±0.05 g/cm$^3$ Eris | 30 K Makemake | 167 K Ceres | ≈0.2 m/s$^2$ Orcus | 0.8 m/s$^2$Eris |
| Major moon of major or dwarf planet | 0.98 g/cm$^3$ Tethys | 3.53 g/cm$^3$ Io | 38 K Triton | 250 K Moon | 0.064 m/s$^2$Mimas | 1.796 m/s$^2$Io |
| Type | Escape velocity | Escape velocity | Mass | Mass | Volume (radius) | Volume (radius) |
| Type | Lowest | Highest | Lowest | Highest | Lowest | Highest |
| Star | 617.7 km/s Sun | 617.7 km/s Sun | 332,830 M$_{Earth}$ Sun | 332,830 M$_{Earth}$ Sun | 695,000 km Sun | 695,000 km Sun |
| Major planet | 4.3 km/s Mercury | 59.5 km/s Jupiter | 0.055 M$_{Earth}$ Mercury | 318 M$_{Earth}$ Jupiter | 2500 km Mercury | 69911 km Jupiter |
| Dwarf planet | ≈0.43 km/s Orcus | 1.3 km/s Eris | 0.0000916 M$_{Earth}$ Orcus | 0.0028 M$_{Earth}$ Eris | 487.3 km Ceres | 1187 km Pluto |
| Major moon of major or dwarf planet | 0.16 km/s Mimas | 2.74 km/s Ganymede | 0.000006 M$_{Earth}$ Mimas | 0.0250 M$_{Earth}$ Ganymede | 198 km Mimas | 2634 km Ganymede |
| Extreme characteristic | Major planet | Dwarf planet | Major moon (of a major or dwarf planet) |
| Densest atmosphere | Venus | Pluto | Titan |

## By object

| Astronomical body | Elevation (height above/below datum) | Elevation (height above/below datum) | Elevation (height above/below base) | Elevation (height above/below base) | Surface temperature | Surface temperature |
| Astronomical body | Highest | Lowest | Highest | Lowest | Highest | Lowest |
| Sun | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | 5,000,000 K In a solar flare | 1240 K In a sunspot |
| Mercury | | | 3 kilometres (1.9 mi) Caloris Montes, northwest Caloris Basin rim mountains | | 723 K Dayside of Mercury | 89 K Permanently shaded polar craters |
| Venus | 11 kilometres (6.8 mi) Maxwell Montes, Ishtar Terra | 3 kilometres (1.9 mi) Diana Chasma, Aphrodite Terra | | | 755 K lowlands of Venus | 644 K Maxwell Montes, Ishtar Terra |
| Earth | 8,848 metres (29,029 ft) Mount Everest, Nepal - Tibet, China | 10,971 metres (35,994 ft) Challenger Deep, Mariana Trench, Pacific Ocean | 10,200 metres (33,500 ft) Mauna Kea, Hawaii, United States of America | 7 kilometres (4.3 mi) Mariana Trench, Pacific Ocean | 330 K Furnace Creek Ranch, Death Valley, United States (more info) | 184 K Vostok Station, Antarctica (more info) |
| Mars | 27 kilometres (17 mi) Olympus Mons, Tharsis | 6 kilometres (3.7 mi) Hellas Planitia | 24 kilometres (15 mi) Olympus Mons, Tharsis | 9 kilometres (5.6 mi) Melas Chasma, Valles Marineris | 293 K Martian equator in midsummer day | 120 K Martian poles in the depths of winter night |
| Jupiter | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | 152 K | 110 K |
| Saturn | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | 143 K | 82 K |
| Uranus | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | 68 K | 59 K |
| Neptune | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | 53 K | 50 K |
| Moon | 10,786 metres (35,387 ft) 5.4125°, 201.3665° | 9.06 kilometres (5.63 mi) Antoniadi Crater (-172.58°E, 70.38°S) | | | 400 K midday on the equator | 26 K Permanently shadowed southwestern edge of the northern polar zone Hermite Crater in winter solstice |
| Io | | | 17.3 kilometres (10.7 mi) Boosaule Montes | | | |
| Europa | | | 2 kilometres (1.2 mi) conical mountain (34.5N, 169.5W) | | 132 K Subsolar temperature | |
| Ganymede | | | | | 156 K Subsolar temperature | 80 K Nighttime temperature |
| Callisto | | | | | 168 K Subsolar temperature | 80 K Predawn nighttime temperature |
| Titan | 2 km (1.2 mi) Mithrim Montes, Xanadu | | | | | |
| Mimas | | | | | | |
| Enceladus | | | | | 110 K Tiger Stripes | |
| Tethys | | | | | | |
| Dione | | | | | | |
| Rhea | | | | | | |
| Iapetus | | | 20 kilometres (12 mi)Voyager Mountains, equatorial ridge and bulge | | | |
| Ariel | | | | | | |
| Umbriel | | | | | | |
| Titania | | | | | | |
| Oberon | | | | | | |
| Miranda | | | 20 kilometers (12 mi) Verona Rupes | 20 kilometers (12 mi) Verona Rupes | | |
| Triton | | | | | | |
| Nereid | | | | | | |
| Proteus | | | | | | |
| Charon | | | | | | |
| Ceres | | | 4.5 kilometres (2.8 mi) Ahuna Mons | | 235 K | |
| Pluto | 3.4 km (2.1 mi) Norgay Montes, Tombaugh Regio | | | | 45 K | 35 K |
| Eris | | | | | 41 K | 30 K |
| Makemake | | | | | | |
| Haumea | | | | | | |
| The bodies included in this table are: (1) planemos; (2) major planets, dwarf planets, or moons of major or dwarf planets, or stars; (3) hydrostatically round so as to be able to provide a geodetic datum line. |||||||

## By distance

* List of Solar System objects most distant from the Sun