# Militsiya (Belarus)

The Militsiya of the Republic of Belarus (Belarusian: Міліцыя Рэспублікi Беларусь, Russian: Милиция Республики Беларусь) is a law enforcement agency in Belarus responsible for regular policing duties in the country.

## History

The original Belarusian Militsiya was founded on 4 March 1917 during the events of the February Revolution, when prominent Bolshevik leader and politician Mikhail Frunze was appointed temporary police chief of the local Minsk civilian militia. Just three days later, various Belarusian cities began the process of creating police departments. The provisional regulations on the police were issued on 17 April 1917, establishing the Militsiya as an executive body of state power. In Belarus, as well as in newly formed Russian SFSR as a whole, the Militsiya replaced the previous Tsarist police services such as the Okhrana. On 10 November (28 October, O.S.) 1917, days after the October Revolution took place, the People's Commissariat for Internal Affairs (NKVD) issued a decree on the first normative act defining the creation of the Soviet Militsiya.
A single police structure was developed for the Socialist Soviet Republic of Byelorussia in 1919, which enabled on 30 November 1920 in the form of the Main Police Administration of the BSSR. In July 1934, the NKVD took up secret police duties in the Belarusian SSR, with duties being transferred to the BSSR's Interior Ministry in March 1946. In early February 1962, law enforcement was handled solely by Soviet Belarusian authorities instead of the national agency. On 1 March 1991, the Supreme Soviet of Belarus enacted the Law "On the Police", which is the main legal act regulating the activities of the internal affairs bodies of an independent republic. On 17 July 2007, the National Assembly of Belarus adopted a law effectively making the Belarusian police a fundamental and flagship agency of the MVD/MUS. 4 March is today considered the birthday of the modern Belarusian police service.

## Structure

Its law enforcement central agency, the Militsiya, is considered to be the main policing and law enforcement agency in Belarus, consisting of services such as:
* National Police Headquarters
** Criminal Police
*** Central Department of Criminal Investigation
*** Central Department for Combatting Economic Crimes
*** Department for Drug Control and Trafficking in Human Beings Combatting
** Public Security Police
*** Central Department for Law and Order Ensuring and Prevention of Crimes
*** Department of State Traffic Police
*** Department of Daily On-Duty Service
** Regional affiliates
*** Minsk City Police Department
*** Brest City Police Department
*** Gomel City Police Department
*** Mogilev City Police Department
*** Vitebsk City Police Department
** Educational Institutions
*** The Academy of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Republic of Belarus
*** The Mogilev Institute of the Ministry of Internal Affairs
*** Centre for Professional Development of Executives and Specialists of the Ministry of Internal Affairs
*** Minsk City Cadet College № 1

## Police ranks
### Officers

| Rank group | General / flag officers | General / flag officers | General / flag officers | General / flag officers | General / flag officers | General / flag officers | General / flag officers | General / flag officers | General / flag officers | General / flag officers | Senior officers | Senior officers | Senior officers | Senior officers | Senior officers | Senior officers | Junior officers | Junior officers | Junior officers | Junior officers | Junior officers | Junior officers | Junior officers | Junior officers |
| Militsiya | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Militsiya | | | | | Ґенэрал-палкоўнік G̀jeneral-palkoŭnik | Ґенэрал-палкоўнік G̀jeneral-palkoŭnik | Ґенэрал-лейтэнант G̀jeneral-liejtenant | Ґенэрал-лейтэнант G̀jeneral-liejtenant | Ґенэрал-маёр G̀jeneral-major | Ґенэрал-маёр G̀jeneral-major | Палкоўнік Palkoŭnik | Палкоўнік Palkoŭnik | Падпалкоўнік Padpalkoŭnik | Падпалкоўнік Padpalkoŭnik | Маёр Major | Маёр Major | Капітан Kapitan | Капітан Kapitan | Старшы лейтэнант Staršy liejtenant | Старшы лейтэнант Staršy liejtenant | Лейтэнант Liejtenant | Лейтэнант Liejtenant | Малодшы лейтэнант Malodšy liejtenant | Малодшы лейтэнант Malodšy liejtenant |

### Cadets

| Rank group | Senior NCOs | Senior NCOs | Senior NCOs | Senior NCOs | Senior NCOs | Senior NCOs | Senior NCOs | Senior NCOs | Senior NCOs | Senior NCOs | Senior NCOs | Senior NCOs | Senior NCOs | Senior NCOs | Senior NCOs | Senior NCOs | Senior NCOs | Senior NCOs | Senior NCOs | Senior NCOs | Senior NCOs | Senior NCOs | Junior NCOs | Junior NCOs | Junior NCOs | Junior NCOs | Junior NCOs | Junior NCOs | Enlisted | Enlisted | Enlisted | Enlisted | Enlisted | Enlisted | Enlisted | Enlisted |
| Militsiya | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Militsiya | Курсант Старшы прапаршчык Kursant Staršy praparščyk | Курсант Старшы прапаршчык Kursant Staršy praparščyk | Курсант Старшы прапаршчык Kursant Staršy praparščyk | Курсант Прапаршчык Kursant Praparščyk | Курсант Прапаршчык Kursant Praparščyk | Курсант Прапаршчык Kursant Praparščyk | Курсант Старшына Kursant Staršyna | Курсант Старшына Kursant Staršyna | Курсант Старшы сяржант Kursant Staršy siaržant | Курсант Старшы сяржант Kursant Staršy siaržant | Курсант Сяржант Kursant Siaržant | Курсант Сяржант Kursant Siaržant | Курсант Сяржант Kursant Siaržant | Курсант Сяржант Kursant Siaržant | Курсант Сяржант Kursant Siaržant | Курсант Сяржант Kursant Siaržant | Курсант Малодшы сяржант Kursant Malodšy siaržant | Курсант Малодшы сяржант Kursant Malodšy siaržant | Курсант Малодшы сяржант Kursant Malodšy siaržant | Курсант Малодшы сяржант Kursant Malodšy siaržant | Курсант Малодшы сяржант Kursant Malodšy siaržant | Курсант Малодшы сяржант Kursant Malodšy siaržant | Курсант Яфрэйтар Kursant Jafrejtar | Курсант Яфрэйтар Kursant Jafrejtar | Курсант Яфрэйтар Kursant Jafrejtar | Курсант Яфрэйтар Kursant Jafrejtar | Курсант Радавы Kursant Radavy | Курсант Радавы Kursant Radavy | Курсант Радавы Kursant Radavy | Курсант Радавы Kursant Radavy | Курсант Радавы Kursant Radavy | Курсант Радавы Kursant Radavy | Курсант Радавы Kursant Radavy | Курсант Радавы Kursant Radavy | Курсант Радавы Kursant Radavy | Курсант Радавы Kursant Radavy |

### Enlisted

| Rank group | Senior NCOs | Senior NCOs | Senior NCOs | Senior NCOs | Senior NCOs | Senior NCOs | Senior NCOs | Senior NCOs | Senior NCOs | Senior NCOs | Senior NCOs | Senior NCOs | Senior NCOs | Senior NCOs | Senior NCOs | Senior NCOs | Senior NCOs | Senior NCOs | Senior NCOs | Senior NCOs | Senior NCOs | Senior NCOs | Junior NCOs | Junior NCOs | Junior NCOs | Junior NCOs | Junior NCOs | Junior NCOs | Enlisted | Enlisted | Enlisted | Enlisted | Enlisted | Enlisted | Enlisted | Enlisted |
| Militsiya | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Militsiya | Старшы прапаршчык Staršy praparščyk | Старшы прапаршчык Staršy praparščyk | Старшы прапаршчык Staršy praparščyk | Прапаршчык Praparščyk | Прапаршчык Praparščyk | Прапаршчык Praparščyk | Старшына Staršyna | Старшына Staršyna | Старшы сяржант Staršy siaržant | Старшы сяржант Staršy siaržant | Сяржант Siaržant | Сяржант Siaržant | Сяржант Siaržant | Сяржант Siaržant | Сяржант Siaržant | Сяржант Siaržant | Малодшы сяржант Malodšy siaržant | Малодшы сяржант Malodšy siaržant | Малодшы сяржант Malodšy siaržant | Малодшы сяржант Malodšy siaržant | Малодшы сяржант Malodšy siaržant | Малодшы сяржант Malodšy siaržant | Яфрэйтар Jafrejtar | Яфрэйтар Jafrejtar | Яфрэйтар Jafrejtar | Яфрэйтар Jafrejtar | Радавы Radavy | Радавы Radavy | Радавы Radavy | Радавы Radavy | Радавы Radavy | Радавы Radavy | Радавы Radavy | Радавы Radavy | Радавы Radavy | Радавы Radavy |

## Gallery

* A Soviet Belarusian policemen in their regular uniform, c 1950s.
* Police officers during civil unrest on October Square.
* Belarusian riot police during a Freedom Day rally in March 2017.
* A specially designed UAZ Patriot police car with the Minsk City Police Department in April 2019.
* A monument in Gomel commemorating the centennial anniversary of the Belarusian police.
* A Belarusian police car in the Museum of the Ministry of Internal Affairs.
* Belarusian policewomen.
* Rubezh special vehicle
* STREIT Predator water cannon