OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# French League

The French League (French: Ligue française d’épuration, d’entraide sociale et de collaboration européenne: "French League for purging, mutual aid and European collaboration") was a collaborationist French movement founded by Pierre Costantini in September 1940. Its journal was entitled L'Appel.
# Den Chai railway station

Den Chai station (Thai: สถานีเด่นชัย) is a railway station located in Den Chai Subdistrict, Den Chai District, Phrae. It is a Class 1 railway station and is the main station for Phrae Province, as there is no rail service to Phrae City. It is located about 530 kilometres (330 mi) from Bangkok railway station. It is also the station to alight for passengers heading to Nan Province.

## History

Den Chai Station was opened in 1912 during the King Rama VI's reign as Phrae provincial railway station. In the olden days, the station was once used as a hub for various types of commodities, for example the shipping of wood, heavy products, as well as loads of packages would be conveyed here, also it was a distribution centre to provinces in the immediate vicinity. During that time, the station master had more powers than the district chief.
The exact station building was renovated around 1957. The building constructed with the entire wooden structures, including ancient teak wood, was adjusted and extended to provide a larger usable area. It is transformed into a cemented building with structures like butterfly roofing and a spacious with lengthy platform to accommodate the utilities.
A new 323 kilometer-long branch line, branching off from Den Chai station to the Lao border at Chiang Khong, is under construction and is expected to open in 2028.
# Anapirika Iteon, Patras

Anapirika Iteon (Greek: Αναπηρικά Ιτεών) is a neighbourhood in the southern part of the city of Patras. The origin of the name ("Disabled people area") probably derives from the properties of war disabled people there.

## Nearest places

* Ities, south
* Kokkinos Milos, south
* Krya Iteon, north
* Lefka, east
* Paralia, south
# Harper Hamshaw

Harper Oliver Hamshaw (birth registered fourth ¼ 1863 – death registered first ¼ 1925) was an English rugby union footballer who played in the 1880s. He played at representative level for Yorkshire, and at club level for Wakefield Trinity (it was a rugby union club at the time). Prior to Tuesday 27 August 1895, Wakefield Trinity was a rugby union club. A rugby shirt worn by Harper Hamshaw is on display at Wakefield Museum, and was used as the inspiration for a heritage shirt produced in 2010.

## Background

Harper Hamshaw's birth was registered in Wakefield district, West Riding of Yorkshire, and his death aged 61 was registered in Wakefield district, West Riding of Yorkshire.

## Playing career

Harper Hamshaw played in Wakefield Trinity's 1-goal 2-tries (11-points) to nil victory over Halifax in the Yorkshire Challenge Cup at Cardigan Fields, Leeds in 1883.
# Malta at the 1960 Summer Paralympics

Malta participated in the inaugural Paralympic Games in 1960 in Rome. The country sent four representatives (three men and a woman) to compete in athletics, snooker and table tennis. Each of them won a medal in his or her event. Malta won more medals than at any other edition of the Paralympic Games, and won its only silver medals to date; it would win bronze, at best, in subsequent Games.

## Medallists

| Medal | Name | Sport | Event | Result |
| Silver | Angela Scicluna | Athletics | Women's shot put C | 4.51 |
| Silver | Moses Azzopardi | Table tennis | Men's singles C | 2nd (specifics not recorded) |
| Bronze | Claude Markham | Athletics | Men's shot put B | 7.03 |
| Bronze | George Portelli | Snooker | Men's Snooker Event paraplegics - open | joint 3rd (specifics not recorded) |
# Charoenkamala Suksavati

Princess Charoenkamala Suksavati or Phra Chao Boromwongse Ther Phra Ong Chao Charoenkamala Suksavati (Thai: พระเจ้าบรมวงศ์เธอ พระองค์เจ้าเจริญกมลสุขสวัสดิ์; RTGS: Phra Chao Boromwong Thoe Phra Ong Chao Charoenkamon Suksawat; 23 March 1868 - 7 October 1874) was a Princess of Siam (later Thailand). She was a member of the Siamese royal family and was a daughter of King Mongkut (Rama IV) of Siam and Chao Chom Manda Huang.
# United States at the 1960 Summer Paralympics

The United States competed at the 1960 Summer Paralympics in Rome, Italy.

## Medalists

| Medal | Name | Sport | Event |
| Gold | Jack Whitman | Archery | Men's FITA Round open |
| Gold | Jack Whitman | Archery | Men's Windsor Round open |
| Gold | Ron Stein | Athletics | Men's club throw C |
| Gold | Ron Stein | Athletics | Men's pentathlon open |
| Gold | Ron Stein | Athletics | Men's shot put C |
| Gold | Jack Whitman Wayne Broeren | Dartchery | Mixed pairs open |
| Gold | Robert C. Hawkes | Swimming | Men's 50 m breaststroke complete class 3 |
| Gold | William Johnson | Swimming | Men's 50 m backstroke complete class 3 |
| Gold | Richard Maduro | Swimming | Men's 50 m backstroke complete class 4 |
| Gold | Phil Hall Bob Hawkes Bill Johnson Peter Krajewski Dick Maduro Jim Mathis Frank Vecera Alonzo Wilkins Gene Camp Percy Mabee Eugene Taylor | Wheelchair basketball | Men's class A |
| Gold | | Wheelchair basketball | Men's class B |
| Silver | Jim Mathis John Tigyer | Dartchery | Mixed pairs open |
| Silver | Robert C. Hawkes | Swimming | Men's 50 m backstroke complete class 3 |
| Silver | William Johnson | Swimming | Men's 50 m breaststroke complete class 3 |
| Silver | Richard Maduro | Swimming | Men's 50 m crawl complete class 4 |
| Silver | Paul Sones | Swimming | Men's 50 m backstroke incomplete class 4 |
| Silver | Paul Sones | Swimming | Men's 50 m crawl incomplete class 4 |
| Silver | Vincent Ward | Swimming | Men's 25 m breaststroke complete class 2 |
| Bronze | Paul Sones | Archery | Men's St. Nicholas Round open |
| Bronze | Saul Welger | Athletics | Men's shot put C |
| Bronze | Philip Hall | Swimming | Men's 50 m crawl complete class 4 |
| Bronze | Robert C. Hawkes | Swimming | Men's 50 m crawl complete class 3 |
| Bronze | Paul Sones | Swimming | Men's 50 m breaststroke incomplete class 4 |
| Bronze | Vincent Ward | Swimming | Men's 25 m backstroke complete class 2 |
| Bronze | Vincent Ward | Swimming | Men's 25 m crawl complete class 2 |
# Ban Niam railway station

Ban Niam station (Thai: สถานีบ้านเนียม) is a railway station located in Khayung Subdistrict, Uthumphon Phisai District, Sisaket Province. It is a class 3 railway station located 504.00 km (313.2 mi) from Bangkok railway station.
# Euryzygomatomyinae

Euryzygomatinae is a subfamily of rodents, proposed in 2017, and containing three extant genera of spiny Echimyidae: Clyomys, Euryzygomatomys, and Trinomys.
Members of this echimyid subfamily all share an origin in the eastern part of Brazil, close to the Atlantic Forest.

## Morpho-anatomy

The teeth of Euryzygomatomyines are characterized by several features:
* elongate lower and upper incisor roots ;
* five lophids on the lower deciduous premolars 4 ;
* either four lophids in Trinomys, or three lophids in Clyomys and Euryzygomatomys, on the lower molars 1 ;
* well-connected lophs on the cheek teeth ;
* three molar roots anchoring the upper molars.
Their zygomatic arch is reduced with a slightly concave dorsal margin, and the jugal bone is ventrally expanded with much reduced, scarcely salient inferior process.

## Molecular signatures

At the protein level, one amino acid replacement from leucine to proline yields a shared derived character state that is diagnostic for defining the Euryzygomatomyinae: the amino-acid proline at position homologous to site 294 of the human GHR.

## Phylogeny

Within Euryzygomatomyinae, Clyomys is the sister group to Euryzygomatomys. In turn, these two fossorial genera are the sister group to the terrestrial Trinomys.
In the phylogeny of the family Echimyidae, Euryzygomatomyinae is the sister group to a large assemblage comprising Carterodon and the family Capromyidae. These phylogenetic relationships, based on the comparison of complete mitochondrial DNA genomes and nuclear DNA exons, disagree with analyses of craniodental characters which cluster together the fossorial genera Clyomys, Euryzygomatomys and Carterodon.
Genus-level cladogram of the Euryzygomatomyinae with their relation to Carterodon and Capromyidae. :
| Octodontoidea  Euryzygomatomyinae    Trinomys (Atlantic spiny rats)    Clyomys  Euryzygomatomys (guiaras)  Carterodon (Owl's spiny rat) Capromyidae  Plagiodontini   Plagiodontia  Capromyini   Geocapromys      Capromys (Desmarest's hutia)    Mesocapromys  Mysateles | Fossorial genera |
This cladogram has been reconstructed from mitochondrial and nuclear DNA characters. According to this phylogenetic tree, the fossorial genera Euryzygomatomys, Clyomys, and Carterodon constitute a polyphyletic assemblage (red bar). :
# BIANCO

BIANCO (French: Bureau indépendant anti-corruption) is the independent anti-corruption office in Madagascar. It was founded in 2004 to implement a national anti-corruption strategy through the application of law and preventive measures against corruption, as well as education of the public.
# Harry Hand

Harry Hand was a professional rugby league footballer who played in the 1930s. He played at club level for Castleford.

## Playing career
### County League appearances

Harry Hand played in Castleford's victory in the Yorkshire League during the 1932–33 season.
# The Skies of Pern

The Skies of Pern is a science fiction novel by the American-Irish author Anne McCaffrey. It is the sixteenth book in the Dragonriders of Pern series by Anne or her son Todd McCaffrey.
The Skies of Pern was first published in 2001. It was the first Pern book using the same painting to illustrate the UK and US covers.
This novel follows soon after The Dolphins of Pern, and, in contrast to the previous several Pern novels, takes place in a very short period of time within the same year.
To ensure accuracy, Anne consulted with a number of astronomers who planned and modelled the comet impact and subsequent consequences, this group included author Bill Napier, Harry Alm and future YouTuber Scott Manley.

## Plot

A rogue comet that strikes Pern leads the Weyrleaders and Holders, contemplating a future where dragonriders are not needed in a Threadless world, to consider the creation of a new Star Craft made of dragonriders. The discovery by dragonriders F'lessan and Tai, later brutally attacked by large felines, of the draconic use of telekinesis, only strengthens their resolve to keep Pern's skies free of danger.
At the same time, disgruntled citizens resisting the ever-growing role of technology in Pernese life band together as Abominators, attacking Crafthalls, and are determined to destroy all the new technology in use. These fanatics are seemingly allied with Toric, the Southern Lord Holder.
# The Shanghai Drama

The Shanghai Drama (French: Le drame de Shanghaï) is a 1938 French drama film directed by G. W. Pabst and starring Christl Mardayn, Louis Jouvet and Raymond Rouleau. An exiled White Russian woman works as a cabaret singer in Shanghai to support her daughter through school. The film's sets were designed by the art directors Andrej Andrejew and Guy de Gastyne. It was shot at the Joinville Studios in Paris and on location in Saigon in French Indochina.

## Cast

* Raymond Rouleau as Franchon
* Louis Jouvet as Ivan
* Christl Mardayn as Kay Murphy, cabaret singer
* Elina Labourdette as Nana, the nurse
* Valéry Inkijinoff as Black Dragon Agent
* Dorville as Bill, cabaret owner
* André Alerme as Mac Tavish
* Suzanne Desprès as Vera
* Gabrielle Dorziat as Superintendent of school
* Marcel Lupovici as Assassin for Black Dragon
* Robert Manuel as Le client attaqué
* PierreasLouis as Un marin américain
* LinhasNam as Cheng
* Foun-Sen as Wife of Black Dragon Agent
* Mila Parély as Dancing Girl
# Progression of Animals

Progression of Animals (or On the Gait of Animals; Greek: Περὶ πορείας ζῴων; Latin: De incessu animalium) is one of Aristotle's major texts on biology. It gives details of gait and movement in various kinds of animals, as well as speculating over the structural homologies among living things.
Aristotle sets out to "discuss the parts which are useful to animals for their movement from place to place, and consider why each part is of the nature which it is, and why they possess them, and further the differences in the various parts of one and the same animal and in those of animals of different species compared with one another" (704a1-4). Progression of Animals illustrates Aristotle's teleological approach to animal biology.

## Texts and translations

* Works related to On the Progression of Animals at Wikisource
* Greek text and English translation by E.S. Forster (Loeb Classical Library, Aristotle Parts of Animals, Movement of Animals, Progression of Animals, 1937): archive.org
* On the Gait of Animals, translated by A. S. L. Farquharson, Oxford, 1912: Google Books,Adelaide (HTML), MIT Classics (HTML)
* Movement & Progression of Animals public domain audiobook at LibriVox
* Greek text with Farquharson's translation facing
* Greek text with French translation and commentary by Jules Barthélemy-Saint-Hilaire
# Andrewsiphiinae

The Andrewsiphiinae is an extinct subfamily of early whales of the family Remingtonocetidae. Thiewessen & Bajpai (2009) proposed the clade when Andrewsiphius and Kuchicetus were accepted as separate genera. Kuchicetus was originally synonymized with Andrewsiphius in 2001 by Gingerich et al., but later authors, however, still accept both as separate genera.
# Pak Kret district

Pak Kret (Thai: ปากเกร็ด, pronounced) is a district (amphoe) in the northeastern part of Nonthaburi province, central Thailand.

## Geography

The district is in the northeast of the province. It borders (from north clockwise) the districts Lat Lum Kaeo and Mueang Pathum Thani of Pathum Thani province, Don Mueang and Lak Si of Bangkok, and Mueang Nonthaburi and Bang Bua Thong of Nonthaburi.
The district is crossed by the Chao Phraya River. A large oxbow of the river has been shortened by a canal, Khlong Lat Kret, dug in 1722 in the Ayuthaya Era, to form the island of Ko Kret.

## Administration

The district is divided into 12 sub-districts (tambons). These are further subdivided into 85 villages (mubans).
| No. | Name | Thai name |
| 1. | Pak Kret | ปากเกร็ด | 7. | Tha It | ท่าอิฐ |
| 2. | Bang Talat | บางตลาด | 8. | Ko Kret | เกาะเกร็ด |
| 3. | Ban Mai | บ้านใหม่ | 9. | Om Kret | อ้อมเกร็ด |
| 4. | Bang Phut | บางพูด | 10. | Khlong Khoi | คลองข่อย |
| 5. | Bang Tanai | บางตะไนย์ | 11. | Bang Phlap | บางพลับ |
| 6. | Khlong Phra Udom | คลองพระอุดม | 12. | Khlong Kluea | คลองเกลือ |
Five of the tambons covering 34 villages belong to the city (thesaban nakhon) of Pak Kret. Bang Phlap itself has had township (thesaban tambon) status since 2013. The other six tambons are each administered by a Tambon Administrative Organization (TAO).

## Education

A partial list of primary and secondary schools in Pak Kret:
* Pakkred Secondary School
* Nawamintarachinuthid Horwang Nonthaburi School (also called Horwangnon)
* Suan Kularb Wittayalai Nonthaburi School (also called Suannon)
* Triamudom Suksa Nomklao Nonthaburi School (also called Triam Nom Non)
* Wat Paramaiyikawat School
* Wat Sala Kun School
* Pichaya Suksa School
* International School Bangkok
* Rose Marie Academy
* Saint Francis Xavier School
* Chonprathanwittaya School
# 2004 Cebu City local elections

Local elections were held in Cebu City on May 10, 2004 within the Philippine general election. Registered voters of the city elected candidates for the following elective local posts: mayor, vice mayor, district representatives, and eight councilors for each district. There are two legislative districts in the city.

## Mayoralty and vice mayoralty elections
### Mayor

Cebu City mayoral election :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | Lakas | Tomas Osmeña (incumbent) | 180,215 | |
| | KNP | Alvin Garcia | 140,629 | |
| Total votes | Total votes | Total votes | NA | 100.00 |

### Vice mayor

Cebu City Vice mayoral election :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | Lakas | Michael Rama (incumbent) | 249,256 | |
| | KNP | Ramiro Madarang | NA | |
| Total votes | Total votes | Total votes | NA | 100.00 |

## District representatives
### 1st District

2004 Philippine House of Representatives election in the 1st District of Cebu City :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | Lakas | Raul del Mar (incumbent) | NA | |
| | KNP | Danilo Fernan | NA | |
| | Independent | Florencio Villarin | NA | |
| | Independent | Juan Arenasa | NA | |
| Total votes | Total votes | Total votes | NA | 100.00 |
| | Lakas hold | Lakas hold | Lakas hold | Lakas hold |

### 2nd District

2004 Philippine House of Representatives election in the 2nd District of Cebu City :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | Lakas | Antonio Cuenco (incumbent) | NA | |
| | KNP | Aristotle Batuhan | NA | |
| Total votes | Total votes | Total votes | NA | 100.00 |
| | Lakas hold | Lakas hold | Lakas hold | Lakas hold |
# Herbert Massey

Air Commodore Herbert Martin Massey, CBE, DSO, MC (19 January 1898 – 29 February 1976) was a senior officer in the Royal Air Force. He was the Senior British Officer at Stalag Luft III who authorised the "Great Escape".

## Flying career

Massey entered the Royal Military College, Sandhurst in 1915, and was commissioned as a second lieutenant into the Nottinghamshire and Derbyshire Regiment in April 1916. He soon after underwent flying training, and was posted as a pilot to No. 16 Squadron of the Royal Flying Corps from July. He was promoted temporary captain and made a flight commander in December 1916. On 4 February 1917, Massey was wounded and his observer killed when their aircraft was shot down by German ace Werner Voss.
Transferring to the newly created Royal Air Force in 1918, Massey continued his military career through the interwar period. He commanded No. 6 Squadron in operations during the Arab Revolt in Palestine, for which he was awarded the Distinguished Service Order, and was a station commander during the early years of the Second World War. He was officer commanding of No. 10 Operational Training Unit with temporary rank of group captain made permanent in 1942.
He was on a Short Stirling of No. 7 Squadron RAF during the second Thousand-bomber raid when it was shot down near the Dutch coast during a raid in night of 1/2 June 1942, and was captured by the Germans. Massey then became the Senior British Officer at Stalag Luft III, and authorised the "Great Escape" in March 1943. Massey had suffered severe wounds to the same leg in both wars and walked with a limp. There would be no escape for him but as Senior British Officer, he had to know what was going on. Massey had been a veteran escaper himself and had been in trouble with the Gestapo. His experience allowed him to offer sound advice to the X-Organisation.
Due to ill-health he was repatriated to the UK in 1944.

## Legacy

After Massey's death in 1976, a memorial service in his honour was held on 22 May 1976 at St Clement Danes Church.
Massey was the basis for the character "Group Captain Ramsey" in the film The Great Escape (1963), played by actor James Donald.
Massey has been portrayed by Peter Dennis in the made-for-TV film The Great Escape II: The Untold Story (1988).
In 2016, a Blue plaque was unveiled at the Hilton House Hotel where Massey was born, the first Blue Plaque in the village of Hilton.
# Gulf rupee

The Gulf rupee (Arabic: روبية خليجية) was the official currency used in the British protectorates of the Arabian Peninsula that are around the Persian Gulf between 1959 and 1966 (1970 Oman). These areas today form the countries of Kuwait, Bahrain, Qatar, Oman, and the United Arab Emirates. It was issued by the Government of India and the Reserve Bank of India and was equivalent to the Indian rupee.

## History

To the middle of the 20th century, the Indian rupee was also used as the official currency in the emirates on the eastern Arabian Peninsula, namely Kuwait, Bahrain, Qatar, the Trucial States, and Oman. That meant, in effect, that the Indian rupee was the common currency in those territories as well as in India. The Indian rupee was pegged to the British pound at a rate of 131⁄3 Indian rupees = 1 pound.
The Government of India had complained of gold traffickers in the Gulf region whose base of operations was constantly being broadened, especially in Kuwait, Bahrain and Dubai. Smugglers used to take gold to the Indian sub-continent and return with Indian rupees which were valid for circulation in the region and were exchanged for more valuable foreign currencies to be used by the smugglers to buy more gold. Towards the end of the 1950s, the volume of gold trafficking had become so large that it inevitably precipitated a serious depletion in the foreign cash reserves at the Indian Reserve Bank and was causing economic damage arising directly from the smuggling operations.
As a result of the strain on India's foreign reserves, in 1959 the Indian government created the Gulf rupee, initially at par with the Indian rupee. It was introduced as a replacement for the Indian rupee for circulation exclusively outside the country. Effectively, the common currency area now did not include India.
On 6 June 1966, India devalued the Gulf rupee against the Indian rupee. Following the devaluation, several of the states still using the Gulf rupee adopted their own currencies. Kuwait had adopted the Kuwaiti dinar in 1961, pegged to the Indian rupee, which was still pegged to the pound sterling. Bahrain created the Bahraini dinar in 1965, at the rate of 1 dinar = 10 rupees. Qatar and most of the Trucial States (after 1971, United Arab Emirates) adopted the Qatar and Dubai riyal, which was equal to the Gulf rupee prior to its devaluation, effectively the Indian rupee value. Abu Dhabi used the Bahraini dinar until 1973. Oman continued to use the Gulf rupee until 1970, with the government backing the currency at its old peg to the pound, when it adopted the Omani rial.

## Banknotes

Notes were issued in denominations of ₹1 by the Indian government and ₹5, ₹10 and ₹100 by the Reserve Bank of India. The notes were in designs very similar to the standard Indian notes but were printed in different colours. While the ₹1 and ₹10 notes were printed in red, the ₹5 notes were printed in orange and the ₹100 notes were printed in green. The serial numbers of the banknotes issued in all denominations were prefixed by a Z.
# Social Credit Party of Canada candidates in the 1972 Canadian federal election

The Social Credit Party of Canada fielded 164 candidates in the 1972 federal election, and won 15 seats to remain as the fourth-largest party in the House of Commons of Canada. Some of the party's candidates have their own biography pages; information about others may be found here.

## Ontario
### Nickel Belt: Donat Breault

Donat Breault was a miner. He received 534 votes (1.75%), finishing in fourth place against New Democratic Party candidate John Rodriguez. During the 1990s, a man named Donat Breault published two short works entitled Culottes courtes et pieds nus (1992) and La Beauté de ma retraite (1998) through the Centre Franco-Ontarien de ressources en alphabétisation. It is assumed that this is the same person.