OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Alaa Mubarak

Alaa Mohammed Hosni El Sayed Mubarak (Arabic: علاء محمد حسني السيد مبارك; Egyptian Arabic pronunciation:) (born 26 November 1960) is an Egyptian businessman and the elder of two sons of Hosni Mubarak, the former President of Egypt who served from 1981 to 2011, and his wife, Suzanne Mubarak.

## Early life and education

Alaa Mubarak was born in Cairo to Suzanne Mubarak and Hosni Mubarak, who became President of Egypt in 1981, ousted in 2011. Alaa attended St. George's College, Cairo and graduated from the American University in Cairo.

## Career

Mubarak has kept a much lower profile than his younger brother, Gamal who was involved in politics prior to the Egyptian revolution of 2011.
In 2011, he was arrested together with his father and brother and three of them later convicted for corruption in 2014. Alaa and his brother were released in October 2015 after completing their four-year prison sentence, which included time already served. The EU had imposed sanctions on all three of them, and froze all assets that Mubarak disclosed.
Alaa Mubarak has been named in association with the Panama Papers. In 2013, the British Virgin Islands financial services discovered that Alaa Mubarak owned 'Pan World Investments', an investment fund for the Mubarak family of nearly $1 billion incorporated by Mossack Fonseca, who said he was introduced to them by Credit Suisse.
In September 2018, Alaa was arrested along with his brother Gamal, and accused of manipulating the stock market. Alaa's corruption conviction, along with the corruption convictions of his father and brother, was upheld by Egypt's Court of Cassation the same month as well. Both Alaa and his brother were later acquitted in February 2020 of the 2018 illicit share trading charge.
On 12 March 2021, the European Union revoked the sanctions against nine Egyptian individuals including Mubarak family, adopted since 2011.

## Personal life

Mubarak is married to Heidy Rasekh, with whom he has had two sons, Muhammad and Omar Alaa Mubarak. Muhammad died on 18 May 2009, aged 12. It was announced that he had suffered a 'severe health crisis', which was identified as a brain haemorrhage. He was checked into the Maadi Military Hospital for a couple of hours before being flown to Paris for further care, where he later died. His body was returned and buried in Cairo.
# Ketana

* Bhaskaruni Ketana (1200-1250)
* Mulaghatika Ketana (1220–1260)
# Piedicorte-di-Gaggio

Piedicorte-di-Gaggio (Italian: Piedicorte di Gaggio; Corsican: Pedicorti di Caghju) is a commune in the Haute-Corse department of France on the island of Corsica.
# Peristera, Kozani

Peristera (Greek: Περιστέρα, before 1927: Μαρτίτσιον – Martitsion), is a village and a community of the Voio municipality. Before the 2011 local government reform it was part of the municipality of Neapoli, of which it was a municipal district. The 2021 census recorded 14 inhabitants in the village.
The 1920 Greek census recorded 258 people in the village. Following the Greek–Turkish population exchange, Greek refugee families in Martitsion were from East Thrace (1) and Asia Minor (1) in 1926. The 1928 Greek census recorded 256 village inhabitants. In 1928, the refugee families numbered 2 (8 people).
# Social Peace Party

The Social Peace Party (Arabic: حزب السلام الاجتماعي) is a political party in Egypt that seeks a fair distribution of wealth and an independent judiciary.
# William Clerihew

William Clerihew (1811 – 6 March 1870) was a Scottish architect, artist, coffee planter and inventor. He painted and measured the comet with the longest tail recorded, and invented the "Clerihew Store", a device for drying coffee beans, for which he received the Isis Gold Medal.

## Biography

Clerihew was born in Aberdeen, to George Clerihew, builder and guild burgess of the city and his wife, Margaret (nee Richardsom). Edmund Clerihew Bentley, the inventor of the Clerihew, the form of poetry, was his nephew. He went to Marischal College, to which his father bequeathed a bursary later.
He became an apprentice architect in 1836 and joined the Royal Institute of British Architects (RIBA) in London as an associate member in 1839. He apparently worked for Charles Parry as a draughtsman on the design of the new houses of Parliament. In 1842 Indian business magnate Dwarkanath Tagore headhunted him to teach Astronomy and Physics to a college of native youth in Bengal.
Clerihew boarded the Justina, bound for Calcutta. In middle of the Indian Ocean, about 600 miles (1000 km) off Ceylon (now Sri Lanka), he observed an extremely bright comet (now identified as “C1843D1”), with the longest tail – estimated at 200-300 million miles (300-500m km) – ever recorded. Clerihew made four drawings of it and measured its altitude and azimuth. He also spotted the comet’s second tail and measured the angle it made with the first. He sent his observations to the astronomer Sir John Frederick William Herschel. The paintings he made of the comet were later presented to the Royal Astronomical Society.
On arrival in Calcutta, he began painting buildings and landscapes. In late 1843 he sailed up the Ganges River to Delhi, painting all the way. By 1846, he was planting coffee in Hewaheta, Ceylon, on "The Hope", the coffee plantation belonging to James Pattle, the father of Julia Margaret Cameron. Here, he was involved in an incident involving an elephant, in which the manager of the neighbouring "Rathoongodde" plantation, John Keane was killed. Julia Margaret Cameron's husband, Charles Hay Cameron, employed Clerihew to manage Rathoongodde, which he owned.
While improving the plantation, Clerihew started work on a new "Swiss Cottage" to replace the rudimentary "planter's bungalow". He also redesigned the "Laborie's Rattletrap", a coffee pulper. Studying the works of Justus von Liebig, he designed his "Clerihew Store", a forced-convection coffee drier, intended to halt the decomposition of the pulped bean. His drier, known as the "Clerihew", became ubiqiuitous in coffee plantations in Ceylon, and engendered modern coffee, tea and grain driers.
In 1851 he accompanied Cameron to Europe, painting scenes in the Middle East on the way. He attended the Great Exhibition, where the Clerihew Store was an exhibit. In 1853, Prince Albert presented him with the Isis Medal for his invention.
He retired to Aberdeen. In 1856, he married Emily Foottit, the 18-year old daughter of the late Rev. James Foottit, of Newark, Nottinghamshire, and had seven children.
# Hrymailiv

Hrymailiv (Ukrainian: Гримайлів; Polish: Grzymałów; Yiddish: רימאלאוו, romanized: Rimalov) is a rural settlement in Chortkiv Raion, Ternopil Oblast, western Ukraine. It hosts the administration of Hrymailiv settlement hromada, one of the hromadas of Ukraine. Population: 1,753 (2022 estimate).

## History

Hrymailiv was founded in 1595, and it acquired the status of an urban-type settlement in 1956. It was occupied by the Germans during World War II from 1941–1944. In 1931, its population was approximately 4,074, and about 1,494 of them were Jewish.
The first anti Jewish measures were carried out on July 05, 1941, about 450 Jews were shot and thrown in the lake. on October 12, 1941, 1,700 Jews were sent to the camp in Skalat and executed shortly after. On October 21, 1941 between 1,300 and 1,700 Jews were slaughtered. On November 25, 1941 about 300 Jews from the Hrymailiv camp were sent to other camps such as Lubochok, Kamenka, Velyki Borky, and others where they were most probably executed afterwards. The remaining 305 Jews were transferred to the Skalat ghetto where they were shot in April, 1942. Overall, about 2,530 people were shot in the Hrymailiv executions.
Until 18 July 2020, Hrymailiv belonged to Husiatyn Raion. The raion was abolished in July 2020 as part of the administrative reform of Ukraine, which reduced the number of raions of Ternopil Oblast to three. The area of Husiatyn Raion was merged into Chortkiv Raion.
Until 26 January 2024, Hrymailiv was designated urban-type settlement. On this day, a new law entered into force which abolished this status, and Hrymailiv became a rural settlement.

## Monuments

* Hrymailiv Castle

## People from Hrymailiv

* Ivan Pulyui (1845-1918), Ukrainian physicist, inventor and patriot who was an early developer of the use of X-rays for medical imaging.
* Jakob Altenberg (1875–1944), who moved to Vienna as a young man and eventually became a seller of Hitler's paintings (1909–13).
* Juliusz Hibner (1912–1994), brigadier general in the Polish People's Army, recipient of the title of Hero of the Soviet Union
# Simplician

Simplician (Latin: Simplicianus; Italian: Simpliciano) was Bishop of Milan from 397 to 400 or 401 AD. He is honoured as a Saint in the Roman Catholic and Eastern Orthodox Churches and his feast day is August 14.

## Life

Simplician was born about 320 probably in Rome and still young he became a churchman. He became expert in the Holy Scripture and very educated. In about 355 he took an active part in the conversion to Christianity of the philosopher Marius Victorinus. When in 374 Ambrose was elected bishop of Milan and baptized, Simplician became his teacher of doctrine. Ambrose used to call Simplician father, as a sign of spiritual relationship. Probably in this period Simplician moved to Milan where he remained.
Simplician took also an active part in the conversions of both Alypius of Thagaste and Augustine of Hippo. The meeting between Augustine and Simplican occurred in Milan in 386 and it is recorded in Augustine's Confessions. After his conversion, Augustine also called Simplician father, and in 397 he dedicated to Simplician two books on the issue of predestination, known as De Diversis Quaestionibus ad Simplicianum.
On his deathbed, Ambrose supported Simplician as his own successor, stating that Simplician was "old but good". Thus in April 397, the aged Simplician was elected bishop of Milan, at that time capital of the Western Roman Empire. The most important act of his episcopate was the receipt in Milan of the relics of the three martyrs Sisinnius, Martyrius and Alexander, sent from Trento by the bishop Vigilius.
Simplician was asked to judge some doctrinal statements by the Council of Carthage (397) and by the First Council of Toledo. He also consecrated Gaudentius of Novara a bishop, and according to the 13th-century writer Goffredo of Bussero, he organized the texts of the Ambrosian liturgy.
Simplician's feast day was anciently set on 15 August, together with the feast of the translation to Milan of the relics of Sisinnius, Martyrius and Alexander; so his death was deemed to have been on 15 August 400; but probably Simplician died between the end of 400 and the first half of 401. Simplician's feast day was later moved to 16 August so as not to conflict with the Assumption of Mary, and with the reform of the Ambrosian Rite that occurred after the Second Vatican Council his feast day was moved to 14 August.
Simplician was initially buried in the church of Saint Nabor and Felix in Milan and later translated, perhaps on 15 August, to the Basilica Virginum ("Basilica of the Virgins") which was renamed in his honor; now it is known as Basilica of St. Simplician. In 1582 St Carlo Borromeo, the cardinal archbishop of Milan, ordered a canonical recognition of Simplicianus' remains who were tumulated under the major altar and then his holy relics were translated during a solemn procession to the odiern temple.
# Odesa Maritime Academy

The Odesa Maritime Academy (Ukrainian: Національний університет «Одеська морська академія») is a maritime university in Odesa, Ukraine. Currently, the main task of the university is to ensure the competitiveness of graduates in the Ukrainian and world labor markets, by training seafarers while taking into account the most demanding claims of leading shipowners.
Since Ukrainian independence, the university opened new specialties and created a network of separate structural units, in particular in the cities of Mariupol and Izmail . The staff is working to improve the organization and content of the educational process. NU "OMA" has a modern material and technical base, with modern naval simulators, a large library, and a unique training and sailing vessel called "Druzhba". The university also has the facilities for physical culture and sports: an Olympic-class swimming pool, a sports gym, sports sections and a water station at the disposal of cadets and students.

## History

The Odesa Higher Maritime School was established on June 7, 1944. It was renamed the Odesa Higher Naval Engineering School in 1958 and Odesa State Maritime Academy in 1991, following Ukrainian independence. It became a national university and assumed the title Odesa National Maritime Academy in 2002 before finally assuming its current name in 2016.
Since 2014 the Odesa Naval College of the Ukrainian Navy - the ex-Nakhimov Naval Academy, which also trains officers of the Ukrainian Marine Corps especially since its separation from the Navy proper in 2023 - is under the supervision of the academy. It thus forms the academy's military division.

## Notable alumni

* Anatoli Khorozov – president of the Ice Hockey Federation of Ukraine.
* Pavel Prokudin - 3rd Prime Minister of Transnistria
# Kanian Khurd

Kanian Khurd is a village in Shahkot in the Jalandhar district of Punjab State, India. Kalan is a Persian language word meaning "big" while Khurd means "small". When two villages share the same name, they are distinguished as Kalan (big), and Khurd (small), with the village name. It is located 5 kilometres (3.1 mi) from Shahkot, 17 kilometres (11 mi) from Nakodar, 44 kilometres (27 mi) from the district headquarters in Jalandhar, and 174 kilometres (108 mi) from the state capital, Chandigarh. The village is administrated by a sarpanch, who is an elected representative of village according to the Panchayati raj (India).

## Transport

Shahkot Malisian station is the nearest train station. The village is 85 kilometres (53 mi) away from domestic airport in Ludhiana. The nearest international airport is located in Chandigarh and Sri Guru Ram Dass Jee International Airport is the second nearest airport, situated 120 kilometres (75 mi) away in Amritsar.
# Chak Rame

Chak Rame is a village in Shahkot in the Jalandhar district of Punjab State, India. It is located 13 kilometres (8.1 mi) from Shahkot, 31 kilometres (19 mi) from Nakodar, 55 kilometres (34 mi) from the district headquarters in Jalandhar and 183 kilometres (114 mi) from the state capital Chandigarh. The village is administrated by a sarpanch who is an elected representative of the village as per Panchayati Raj.

## Transport

Shahkot Malisian station is the nearest train station. The village is 95 kilometres (59 mi) away from the domestic airport in Ludhiana and the nearest international airport is located in Chandigarh. Sri Guru Ram Dass Jee International Airport is the second nearest airport which is 111 kilometres (69 mi) away in Amritsar.
# David Halstead

Major David Halstead (1861–1937) was a Conservative MP for Rossendale (UK Parliament constituency).
A long-time member of the Volunteers and Territorial Army (East Lancashire Regiment), Halstead saw action during the First World War. He was Mayor of Mayor of Haslingden in 1917, 1918, and 1919, and was a local antiquarian and historian.
He won Rossendale in 1922, but stood down in 1923.
# Hitradio Ö3

Hitradio Ö3 is one of the nationwide radio stations of Austria's public broadcaster ORF. The format focuses, since a reform in the late 1990s almost exclusively, on contemporary hit radio, specialising in pop music and chart hits from the 1980s to the present. Ö3 has by far the biggest audience share by far (averaging 31%) of all Austrian radio stations.

## History

The station was launched by the ORF broadcaster on 1 October 1967 to a new numbered system, together with the classical music station Österreich 1 and the local radios of the Ö2 group, following a 1964 national referendum against the alignment of the public broadcasting service on the Austrian political Proporz system. The journalist and radio host Ernst Grissemann was commissioned to build up an entertainment station; he was supported by Frank Elstner, who had worked for Radio Luxembourg, and André Heller presenting the Musicbox avant-garde music journal. Grissemann served as programme director until 1979, known as "Mister Ö3".
A 24-hour programme was introduced in 1977, including hourly news broadcasts, weather forecasts, and traffic news in co-operation with the public ASFiNAG transport company. In the 1980s the popular Ö3-Wecker morning show was also aired by the German Sender Freies Berlin broadcaster.
Unlike the present-day format radio programme, the Ö3 schedules initially comprised alternative genres and many specialist music shows, with radio hosts like satirists Gerhard Bronner and Stermann & Grissemann, singer-songwriter Ludwig Hirsch or theatre director Axel Corti. While Schlager music was proscribed, the station played a vital role in promoting German-language Austropop tunes. Since a reorganization of ORF's radio channels in 1996, shortly before the introduction in Austria of private commercial radio, alternative programmes have been moved to Ö1 or the newly established FM4 young-adult radio station.

## Operation

Since 1997, Ö3 has broadcast from a large office floor in the Heiligenstadt district of Vienna. Transmissions include the survey of the Austrian record charts, since 1967 presented by the weekly Austria Top 40 programme. Current renowned presenters include Andi Knoll, Katharina Bellowitsch and Philipp Hansa. Band contests like Ö3-Soundcheck promoted the career of Austrian music groups such as SheSays, Luttenberger*Klug, Mondscheiner, and Excuse Me Moses. The station participates in the annual Donauinselfest music festival, the Licht ins Dunkel telethon and co-operates with the Austrian Red Cross.
The station also broadcasts via satellite television, with a display showing the previous, current and upcoming tracks, the time and other information such as traffic reports. The station's website provides latest reports and information, record charts, a studio webcam, streaming audio, and a daily playlist reaching back to 2009. Several broadcasts are available as podcasts.
Ö3 was for a long time the only ORF station permitted to broadcast commercials, and it remains the station with the largest reach and amount of advertising time per day, more than all private radio stations together. For this reason it is often called "ORF's cash cow".
# Elias Hutter

Elias Hutter (Gorlitz or Ulm 1553-Nuremberg or Frankfurt, c.1605) was a German Hebraist.
He studied in Strassburg, studied Asian languages at the Lutheran University in Jena, and was professor of Hebrew at Leipzig University. His Opus Quadripartitum, or Bible in Hebrew, Greek, Latin, and German, was published by David Wolter at Hamburg in 1596.

## Works

* Old Testament Via Sancta, sive Biblia sacra Hebraea Veteris Testamenti with an appendix of Psalm 117 in 30 languages
* Opus Quadripartitum
* Expanded edition - with the Old Testament as far as the Book of Ruth in six languages, giving in five columns the Chaldee, Hebrew, Greek, Latin, and German versions, while the sixth column presents either the Low German, French, Italian, or Slavic text.
* New Testament Polyglot (at times referred to as the Nuremberg Polyglot) in two volumes (Gospels plus Acts, Epistles plus Revelation), 1599, Nuremberg, "Novum Testamentum Dn̄i: Nr̄i: Iesu Christi, Syriacè, Ebraicè, Græcè, Latinè, Germanicè, Bohemicè, Italicè, Hispanicè, Gallicè, Anglicè, Danicè, Polonicè." These volumes contain the NT in twelve languages [Syriac, Hebrew, Greek, Latin, German, Bohemian [a Czech dialect], Italian, Spanish, French, English, Danish, Polish] presented in two columns of 6 languages across. The English translation Hutter cites appears to be the Geneva translation; the Hebrew is Hutter's original translation and the German appears to be Luther's translation.
* Various editions of the Nuremberg Polyglot are known, including a lectionary (1601) and Matthew & Mark in a single volume (1599)
* Hutter created an edition of the Hebrew Old Testament called Bibliorum Hebraicorum around 1587.
# Salem Al Ketbi

Salem Al Ketbi is an Emirati political analyst, researcher and opinion writer. Al Ketbi has a Ph.D. in Public Law and Political Science from the Hassan II University, Casablanca, for his thesis titled "Political and religious propaganda and leadership through the social media in the Arab World" (Al-Diayah wa al-Qiyadah al-Siyasiah wa al-Diniyah Abra Shabakat al-Tawasul al-Ijtimai fi al-Mintaqah al-Arabiyah).

## Journalism

Al Ketbi has written for newspapers and media outlets including Gulf News, The Jerusalem Post, Israel Hayom, Israel National News, Al Arabiya, the London-based Al-Arab, Morocco's L'Opinion, Libération, L'Économiste, Al-Alam, Maroc Hebdo, Aujourd'hui Le Maroc, Hespress and Article19, Sada El Balad in English and Arabic, Med Israel for fred, MEMRI, Arab News, Middle East Online, as well as some research centers. He also writes on UAE national security, Iranian foreign policy, terrorist organizations and extremist groups.
His posts on AgoraVox in French are often featured in the 100 Trends.
In the context of the 2020 Abraham Accord, according to La Repubblica Al Ketbi said the UAE was using its role to neutralize the escalation of violence that could have resulted from an "Israeli annexation of Palestinian land", re-introduce the possibility of a political solution and revive the peace process.

## Works

Al Ketbi published a historical-analytical research paper in Arabic titled "Dawlat al-Imarat al-Arabiya al-Muttahidah wa al-Qadiyyah al-Filistiniyah Dirasah Tarikhiyah" ("The UAE and the Palestinian Issue: A Historical Study) on the political strategy of the UAE in relation to the Palestinian issue since 1971.
He argues Emirati support for the Palestinians focuses mainly on the development and infrastructure sectors. He also provides cases of financial and political support.
In 2017, Al Ketbi published Fakhr al-Oroba: Sheikh Mohammed bin Zayed Al Nahyan, al-Qaid wal-Insan (The Pride of Arabs Mohammed bin Zayed Al Nahyan, the leader and the man), a political biography of Emir Mohammed bin Zayed. In 2017, Al Ketbi won the Arab Women Media Network (AWMN) award for Book of the Year for the book.

## Views

Speaking to US Arabic-language television channel Al Hurra, Al Ketbi cited the "weakness" of post-revolutionary Arab countries as a factor in the growing Iranian influence in the Middle East and its "control of four Arab capitals", which Al Ketbi stated in several articles.

## Memberships

Al Ketbi is member of Chatham House, IAPC's London Press Club, Press Club Brussels, International Federation of Journalists, Federation Of Arab Journalists and UAE Journalists Association.

## Events

Al Ketbi spoke at the 2017 MEDays annual international forum on issues of think tanks and soft power in the Middle East and Africa.

## FNC election

In 2019, Al Ketbi ran in the Federal National Council election on a platform of education, women and youth empowerment.
# Narayan Bahadur Burja Magar

Narayan Bahadur Burja Magar (Nepali: नारायण बहादुर बुर्जा मगर) is a Nepalese politician, belonging to the CPN (Maoist Centre) Party. Magar is currently serving as the Minister for Water Supply Irrigation and Energy of Koshi Province since 9 February 2024.
Magar is a member of the Koshi Provincial Assembly having been elected from Udayapur 2 (A) constituency since 2017.
# Laurence Arnold Hanna

Laurence Arnold Hanna (March 22, 1892 – March 27, 1979) was a lawyer, judge and political figure in British Columbia. He represented Alberni from 1928 to 1933 and Comox from 1933 to 1937 in the Legislative Assembly of British Columbia as a Liberal. He served as deputy speaker of the Legislature from 1934 to 1937.
He was born in Gravenhurst, Ontario, the son of Joseph Francis Hanna and May Robena Sinclair. In 1917, Hanna married Anna Mary Miles. He served as mayor of Alberni for five years. Hanna was defeated by Colin Cameron when he ran for reelection in 1937. He later served as county court judge for Nanaimo County. Hanna died in Nanaimo at the age of 87.