OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Winter Wonderland (game)

Winter Wonderland is a piece of interactive fiction written by Laura A. Knauth. The story is about the adventures of a young girl, named Gretchen, in a gentle and nonthreatening winter-themed fantasy land. It won the 1999 annual Interactive Fiction Competition.

## Awards and Nominations

| Competition | Year | Category | Rank | Score |
| XYZZY Awards | 1999 | Best Setting | Nominee |
| 5th Annual Interactive Fiction Competition | 1999 | | 1/37 | 7.41 |
| Miss Congeniality Awards | 1999 | | 2nd Place (tie) | |
# Kinema Record

Kinema Record (キネマ・レコード, Kinema rekōdo) was a Japanese film magazine published during the 1910s that played an important role in the Pure Film Movement. In 1914, with no serious film magazines being published in Japan at the time, Norimasa Kaeriyama, Yoshiyuki Shigeno and other students interested in movies formed the Japan Cinematographist Association and began to publish the coterie magazine Film Record in October. They changed its name to Kinema Record in December. The monthly magazine contained a range of articles, from film reviews to how-to advice on making and selling movies, but it primarily came to represent calls for reforming a Japanese cinema that was considered too theatrical and uncinematic. A full reprint of the available issues was published in 1999 by Kokusho Kankōkai.
Kinema Record released a total of 51 issues between 1913 and 1917, including the first four issues as Firumu rekōdo. In the last issue, Kinema Record announced in its "To the Trade" section that it had been brought out by the Kinograph Publishing Company. Kaeriyama was made president and editor in chief, but soon left and the publication ended. Its spirit was carried on by other journals like Katsudō no sekai and Kinema junpō.
# Hana Kafková

Hana Kafková (born 26 June 1965) is a Czech rower. She competed in the women's quadruple sculls event at the 1992 Summer Olympics.
# Chah Darreh, Mashhad

Chah Darreh (Persian: چاه دره, also Romanized as Chāh Darreh; also known as Chāy Darreh and Chāy Darreh-e Qal‘eh-ye Now) is a village in Tabadkan Rural District, in the Central District of Mashhad County, Razavi Khorasan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 394, in 110 families.
# Chateau La Coste / Villa La Coste

Chateau La Coste is a 600-acre sculpture park, art destination and organic winery in Provence. The property includes Villa La Coste a luxury hotel The sculpture park contains art and architecture by Tadao Ando, Louise Bourgeois, Bob Dylan, Tracey Emin, André Fu, Frank Gehry, Andy Goldsworthy, Christopher Green, Kengo Kuma, Paul Matisse, Oscar Niemeyer, Jean Nouvel, Renzo Piano, Richard Rogers, Richard Serra, Conrad Shawcross, Lee Ufan, Ai Weiwei and Franz West. Irish property magnate Paddy McKillen is the estate owner and project manager of the hotel. Wine varietals of the estate include Syrah, Cabernet Sauvignon and Vermentino.
# Gorbatov, Nizhny Novgorod Oblast

Gorbatov (Russian: Горба́тов) is a town in Pavlovsky District of Nizhny Novgorod Oblast, Russia, located on the bank of the Oka River in the Meshchera Lowlands. Population: 2,278 (2010 Census); 2,662 (2002 Census); 3,552 (1989 Soviet census). It was previously known as Gorbatovo (until 1779).

## History

The region was settled by the Meshchera tribe during the Middle Ages. The village of Gorbatovo (Горбатово) was first documented in 1565 as a votchina of Prince Alexander Gorbaty-Shuysky after whom it takes its name. Its growth was owing to the manufacture of ropes and cherry cultivation. In 1779, Gorbatovo was merged with Meshchera sloboda and chartered as a town. Modern Gorbatov is one of Russia's smallest towns.

## Administrative and municipal status

Within the framework of administrative divisions, it is, together with sixteen rural localities, incorporated within Pavlovsky District as the town of district significance of Gorbatov. As a municipal division, the town of district significance of Gorbatov is incorporated within Pavlovsky Municipal District as Gorbatov Urban Settlement.
# Richard Bühler

Richard Bühler (24 February 1915 – 25 September 1959) was a Swiss ski jumper. He competed in the individual event at the 1936 Winter Olympics.
# Robert Jehle

Robert Jehle (13 July 1952 – 20 April 1988) was a Swiss handball player. He competed in the men's tournament at the 1980 Summer Olympics.
# Kalateh-ye Arabha

Kalateh-ye Arabha (Persian: كلاته عربها, also Romanized as Kalāteh-ye ‘Arabhā; also known as Kalāteh-ye ‘Arab) is a village in Kardeh Rural District, in the Central District of Mashhad County, Razavi Khorasan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 311, in 78 families.
# Roger Cuche

Roger Cuche (27 October 1928 – 10 April 1999) was a Swiss boxer. He competed in the men's lightweight event at the 1952 Summer Olympics.
# Roger Pipoz

Roger Pipoz (1 January 1905 – 26 May 1956) was a Swiss racing cyclist. He rode in the 1931 Tour de France.
# Tom Crowe

Tom Crowe (5 July 1922 – 6 December 2010) was an announcer on BBC Radio 3.

## Life

Crowe was raised in County Clare, Ireland and educated at St Columba's College, near Dublin. His studies for a degree at Trinity College, Dublin, where he read French and German Literature, were interrupted when he joined the British Army and served in the Irish Guards between 1944 and 1948.
He first joined the BBC's Third Programme in 1952 discovering his job was "simply a mouth opening and shutting in this tiny little studio in the double basement of Broadcasting House". He left in 1960, but returned in 1964 when attitudes were changing; the Third's announcers were now sharing office space with broadcasters from the Light Programme.
He wrote the biography of the Arabist Owen Tweedy titled Gathering Moss, published 1967. During the 1970s, he became one of the most familiar voices on Radio 3, and "an accident-prone but haughtily unflappable persona" evolved. Hans Keller recalled Crowe's "inspired" opening of the network in June 1971 with the words: "Good morning to you. It's seven O'clock I'm afraid". On another occasion, when the Greenwich Time Signal was accidentally heard over The Hebrides overture (aka, Fingal's Cave) he commented: "I do hope the Mendelssohn didn't spoil your enjoyment of the pips".
Crowe retired from the BBC in 1982. Later he worked for the South African Broadcasting Corporation where he presented a classical music programme for three months each year.

## Death

He died at his home in Pickering, North Yorkshire, England where he lived with his second wife, Elizabeth Cooper.
# Nagatinskaya

Nagatinskaya (Russian: Нагатинская) is a station of Serpukhovsko-Timiryazevskaya line of Moscow Metro. It was opened together with several other stations of the southern part of the line on 8 November 1983. It lies underneath the surface with the depth of 13.5 metres (44 ft). The passenger dynamics for the station are 54,900 per hour on entry and 57,500 on exit.

## Design

There are 2 rows with 26 columns each. The distance between columns is 6.5 metres (21 ft). The walls are faced with marble of very rich palette where red and black are dominant. Also in these colors there are thematic pietre dure Ancient history of Moscow panels made by E. Zharenova and V. Vasiltsov. These compositions are devoted to the history of construction of Temples and to the start of construction of the Kremlin. An Unusual feature for the Metro is the white columns are made of soft and easy in production koelga marble.
* Station platform
* Metro station

## Exits

The exit is to the subway located under the Varshavskoye Highway. Nagatinskaya railway station of the Paveletsky suburban railway line is located nearby.
# Progress 23

Progress 23 (Russian: Прогресс 23) was a Soviet uncrewed Progress cargo spacecraft, which was launched in August 1984 to resupply the Salyut 7 space station.

## Launch

Progress 23 launched on 14 August 1984 from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in the Kazakh SSR. It used a Soyuz-U rocket.

## Docking

Progress 23 docked with the aft port of Salyut 7 on 16 August 1984 at 08:11 UTC, and was undocked on 26 August 1984 at 16:13 UTC.

## Decay

It remained in orbit until 28 August 1984, when it was deorbited. The deorbit burn occurred at 01:28 UTC, with the mission ending at around 02:15 UTC.
# Umberto Menegalli

Umberto Menegalli (25 July 1925 – 29 July 1988) was a Swiss fencer. He competed in the individual and team sabre events at the 1952 Summer Olympics.
# Walter Beerli

Walter Beerli (23 July 1928 – 1995) was a Swiss football forward who played for Switzerland in the 1950 FIFA World Cup. He also played for BSC Young Boys.
Beerli died in 1995, at the age of 67.
# Walter Holenweger

Walter Holenweger (15 May 1933 – 7 July 2004) was a Swiss racing cyclist. He rode in the 1957 Tour de France.
# Mazegh-e Bala

Mazegh-e Bala (Persian: مازغ بالا, also Romanized as Māzegh-e Bālā and Māzegh Bālā; also known as Mazagh, Māzigh, and Mazīq) is a village in Tiab Rural District, in the Central District of Minab County, Hormozgan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 1,253, in 245 families.
# Communist Workers' International

The Communist Workers' International (German: Kommunistische Arbeiter-Internationale, KAI) or Fourth Communist International was a council communist international. It was founded around the Manifesto of the Fourth Communist International, published by the Communist Workers' Party of Germany (KAPD) in 1921.

## History

The organisation was founded in 1922, following a split in the KAPD, by members of the Essen Faction, including Herman Gorter and Karl Schröder, the Berlin Faction holding that the formation of an international was premature. It was joined by the Communist Workers' Party of the Netherlands, Sylvia Pankhurst's Communist Workers' Party in Britain, the Left Communists in Russia (who accordingly renamed themselves the Communist Workers' Party), the Communist Workers' Group in Russia and some left communists in Belgium and Bulgaria.
The International was never able to organise joint activities and probably never reached 1,000 members. It was weakened by the divisions (and in some cases dissolution) of the parties that formed it, and the departure of the Russian Communist Workers' Group, who disagreed with its opposition to a united front with the Third International.
The KAPD's Essen Tendency dissolved in 1927, and the leadership of the International was passed to the Netherlands, as the Dutch group was the only party still holding membership, the other constituents being isolated individuals. It still nominally existed at the start of the 1930s, but undertook no international activity, only publishing work in the name of the organisation, until it was formally dissolved in February 1933.
# Pasohlávky

Pasohlávky (German: Weißstätten) is a municipality and village in Brno-Country District in the South Moravian Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 800 inhabitants. It is a summer resort at the Nové Mlýny Reservoir.

## Geography

Pasohlávky is located about 31 kilometres (19 mi) south of Brno. It lies in the Dyje–Svratka Valley. The highest point is the hill Hradisko at 221 m (725 ft) above sea level. The municipality is situated on the northwestern shore of the Nové Mlýny Reservoir.

## History

The first written mention of Pasohlávky is from 1276, under its original name Uherčice na Bílém břehu. Because of the construction of the Nové Mlýny reservoirs, the cadastral area of the neighbouring village of Mušov was joined to Pasohlávky on 1 January 1980 and most of the inhabitants moved to Pasohlávky. The area of Mušov was subsequently flooded.

## Demographics

| Year | Pop. | ±% |
| 1869 | 1,354 | — |
| 1880 | 1,507 | +11.3% |
| 1890 | 1,668 | +10.7% |
| 1900 | 1,624 | −2.6% |
| 1910 | 1,735 | +6.8% |
| Year | Pop. | ±% |
| 1921 | 1,762 | +1.6% |
| 1930 | 1,751 | −0.6% |
| 1950 | 841 | −52.0% |
| 1961 | 982 | +16.8% |
| 1970 | 884 | −10.0% |
| Year | Pop. | ±% |
| 1980 | 595 | −32.7% |
| 1991 | 672 | +12.9% |
| 2001 | 735 | +9.4% |
| 2011 | 694 | −5.6% |
| 2021 | 687 | −1.0% |
Source: Censuses :

## Transport

The I/52 road (continuation of the D52 motorway from Brno to Mikulov, part of the European route E461) passes through the municipality.

## Sights

The areas of Pasohlávky and Mušov are important archaeological sites. There are 28 known archaeological sites in the former Mušov and 21 in Pasohlávky. Remains of a permanent Roman fortress from the 2nd century have been explored here. There is a museum with an exhibition dedicated to the Roman people and local discoveries.
The Church of Saint Anne was originally a chapel, rebuilt in 1675 and extended to a church in 1811. In 1818, a tower was added.
On the island in the Nové Mlýny Reservoir is the last remnant of Mušov, the Church of Saint Leonard of Noblac. The originally Romanesque church from the late 12th or early 13th century was rebuilt in the Gothic style in the 14th century.
Aqualand Moravia in Pasohlávky is a water park that is the most visited tourist destination in the South Moravian Region.
# Jaleh, Aligudarz

Jaleh (Persian: جله, also Romanized as Jeleh) is a village in Zaz-e Sharqi Rural District, Zaz va Mahru District, Aligudarz County, Lorestan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 28, in 7 families.
# ATP Sofia Open

The Sofia Open is a men's ATP World Tour 250 series tournament played on indoor hard courts. It was held for the first time as part of the 2016 ATP World Tour. In 2023 the tournament was held for one additional year, replacing the Tel Aviv Open, which was cancelled due to the outbreak of war in the region. The tournament took place at the Arena Sofia in Sofia, Bulgaria.

## Finals
### Singles

| Year | Champions | Runners-up | Score |
| 2016 | Roberto Bautista Agut | Viktor Troicki | 6–3, 6–4 |
| 2017 | Grigor Dimitrov | David Goffin | 7–5, 6–4 |
| 2018 | Mirza Bašić | Marius Copil | 7–6$^{(8–6)}$, 6–7$^{(4–7)}$, 6–4 |
| 2019 | Daniil Medvedev | Márton Fucsovics | 6–4, 6–3 |
| 2020 | Jannik Sinner | Vasek Pospisil | 6–4, 3–6, 7–6$^{(7–3)}$ |
| 2021 | Jannik Sinner (2) | Gaël Monfils | 6–3, 6–4 |
| 2022 | Marc-Andrea Hüsler | Holger Rune | 6–4, 7–6$^{(10–8)}$ |
| 2023 | Adrian Mannarino | Jack Draper | 7–6$^{(8–6)}$, 2–6, 6–3 |

### Doubles

| Year | Champions | Runners-up | Score |
| 2016 | Wesley Koolhof Matwé Middelkoop | Philipp Oswald Adil Shamasdin | 5–7, 7–6$^{(11–9)}$, [10–6] |
| 2017 | Viktor Troicki Nenad Zimonjić | Mikhail Elgin Andrey Kuznetsov | 6–4, 6–4 |
| 2018 | Robin Haase Matwé Middelkoop (2) | Nikola Mektić Alexander Peya | 5–7, 6–4, [10–4] |
| 2019 | Nikola Mektić Jürgen Melzer | Hsieh Cheng-peng Christopher Rungkat | 6–2, 4–6 [10–2] |
| 2020 | Jamie Murray Neal Skupski | Jürgen Melzer Édouard Roger-Vasselin | Walkover |
| 2021 | Jonny O'Mara Ken Skupski | Oliver Marach Philipp Oswald (2) | 6–3, 6–4 |
| 2022 | Rafael Matos David Vega Hernández | Fabian Fallert Oscar Otte | 3–6, 7–5, [10–8] |
| 2023 | Gonzalo Escobar Aleksandr Nedovyesov | Julian Cash Nikola Mektić | 6–3, 3–6, [13–11] |
# Medad, Iran

Medad (Persian: مدد) is a village in Chelo Rural District, Chelo District, Andika County, Khuzestan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 27, in 4 families.
# Marthe Simard

Marthe Marie Amélie Angèle Simard née Caillaud, later Reid-Simard (6 April 1901, Bordj Menaïel – 28 March 1993), was a Franco-Canadian politician.
Simard was the first French woman to sit in a parliamentary assembly.
In December 1940, she founded the Free France Committee of Quebec.
She was a member of the Legion of Honor. Additionally, she was decorated with the Resistance Medal and the Commemorative Medal for Volunteer Services in Free France. To commemorate her, the Place Marthe-Simard in the 14th arrondissement of Paris was named after her.
# Saryarka Karagandy

Hockey Club Saryarka (Kazakh: Сарыарқа хоккей клубы; Saryarqa Hokei Kluby; Russian: Хоккейный клуб Сарыарка), commonly referred as Saryarka Karagandy, is a professional ice hockey team based in Karagandy, Kazakhstan. They Currently play in the Kazakhstan Hockey Championship.

## History

Saryarka was formed on 25 July 2006 by the Karagandy Region Municipality and Regional Department of Physical Culture and Sports. The team name "Saryarka" comes from given name of the territory located in the central part of Kazakhstan.

## Season-by-season record

This is a partial list of the last five seasons completed by Saryarka Karagandy. For the full season-by-season history, see List of Saryarka Karagandy seasons.
Note: GP = Games played, W = Wins, L = Losses, OTW = Overtime/shootout wins, OTL = Overtime/shootout losses, Pts = Points, GF = Goals for, GA = Goals against
| Season | GP | W | L | OTW | OTL | Pts | GF | GA | Regular season | Playoffs |
| 2009–10 | 56 | 39 | 13 | 3 | 1 | 124 | 218 | 95 | 1st, Championship | Kazakhstan Champions, 3–2 (Beibarys Atyrau) |
| 2010–11 | 54 | 39 | 6 | 6 | 3 | 132 | 220 | 111 | 1st, Championship | Lost in Semifinals, 0–3 (Nomad Astana) |
| 2011–12 | 54 | 37 | 10 | 3 | 6 | 121 | 227 | 120 | 2nd, Championship | Lost in Semifinals, 2–4 (Yertis Pavlodar) |
| 2012–13 | 52 | 33 | 10 | 7 | 2 | 115 | 160 | 89 | 1st, VHL | Lost in Finals, 3–4 (Toros Neftekamsk) |
| 2013–14 | 50 | 23 | 12 | 11 | 4 | 95 | 155 | 104 | 4th, VHL | Won Bratina Cup, 4–2 (Rubin Tyumen) |
| 2014–15 | 52 | 32 | 12 | 6 | 14 | 110 | 178 | 108 | 1st, VHL | Lost in Semifinals, 0–4 (Toros Neftekamsk) |
| 2015–16 | 49 | 22 | 13 | 7 | 7 | 87 | 133 | 103 | 8th, VHL | Lost in Quarterfinals, 2–4 (Toros Neftekamsk) |
| 2016–17 | 50 | 29 | 11 | 5 | 5 | 102 | 128 | 70 | 3rd, VHL | Lost in Semifinals, 0–4 (Toros Neftekamsk) |
| 2017–18 | 52 | 28 | 12 | 5 | 7 | 101 | x | x | 4th, VHL | Lost in 1/8 Finals, 0–4 (Metallurg Nk) |
| 2018–19 | 56 | 27 | 18 | 7 | 4 | 72 | x | x | 9th, VHL | Won Bratina Cup, 4–1 (Rubin Tyumen) |
| 2019–20 | 54 | 24 | 15 | 8 | 7 | 71 | x | x | 5th, VHL Conf. 2 | Lost in 1/8 Finals, 4–2 (SKA Neva St. Petersburg) |
| 2020–21 | 48 | 29 | 11 | 5 | 3 | 100 | x | x | 2nd, Kazakhstan Hockey Championship | Kazakhstan Champions, 4–2 (Arlan Kokshetau) |

## Achievements

Bratina Cup
* Winner (1) 2014, 2019
Kazakhstan Hockey Championship:
* Winner (3): 2009–10, 2020–21, 2021–22
* 3rd place (2): 2010–11, 2011–12
Pervaya Liga – Siberia and Far East Zone
* Winner (1): 2007–08

## Leaders
### Team captains

* Maxim Orlov 2011–12
* Pavel Kanarsky 2012–13
* Jan Homer 2013–14
* Alexander Vasiliev 2014–15
* Maxim Belyaev 2015-16
* Smolyaninov Vitaly 2016-17
* Ilya Antonovsky 2016-present

### Head coaches

* Galym Mambetaliyev 2006–08
* Valeri Tushentsov 2008–09
* Oleg Bolyakin 2009–11
* Andrei Kirdyashov 2011–13
* Evgeni Zinoviev 2013
* Dusan Gregor 2013–14
* Alexei Fetisov 2014
* Leonids Tambijevs 2014–15
* Andrei Potaichuk 2015
* Vadim Epanchintsev 2015-17
* Aleksandr Sokolov 2017
* Dmitry Kramarenko 2017–present
# Marchwiel railway station

Marchwiel railway station was a station in Marchwiel, Wrexham, Wales. The station was opened on 2 November 1895 and closed on 10 September 1962.
# Tazarah

Tazarah (Persian: تزره) is a village in Zaz-e Gharbi Rural District, Zaz va Mahru District, Aligudarz County, Lorestan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 40, in 6 families.
# Stade Goho

Stade Goho is a multi-use stadium in Abomey, Benin. It is currently used mostly for football matches and is the home ground of Dynamo Abomey F.C. of the Benin Premier League. The stadium has a capacity of 7,500 spectators.
# Sesswick Halt railway station

Sesswick Halt railway station was a station in Sesswick, Wrexham, Wales. The station was opened on 1 October 1913 and closed on 10 September 1962.
# Lubin, Gryfice County

Lubin (Polish pronunciation:; formerly German: Lebbin) is a settlement in the administrative district of Gmina Gryfice, within Gryfice County, West Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-western Poland. It lies approximately 5 kilometres (3 mi) south of Gryfice and 67 km (42 mi) north-east of the regional capital Szczecin.
For the history of the region, see History of Pomerania.
The settlement has a population of 68.
# Qeshlaq-e Supurgali

Qeshlaq-e Supurgali (Persian: قشلاق سوپورگلي, also Romanized as Qeshlāq-e Sūpūrgalī; also known as Qeshlāq-e Arān, Qeshlāq-e Sopūrgalū, and Qeshlāq-e Sūpergalū) is a village in Tirchai Rural District, Kandovan District, Meyaneh County, East Azerbaijan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 97, in 23 families.
# Sparta Air Base

Sparta Airport (Greek: Αεροδρόμιο Σπάρτης) (IATA: SPJ, ICAO: LGSP) is a military airport located 17 km (9 NM) south of Sparta (Greek: Σπάρτη), a municipality in the regional unit of Laconia in Greece.

## Facilities

The airport resides at an elevation of 152 metres (499 ft) above mean sea level. It has one runway designated 06/24 with an asphalt surface measuring 916 by 23 metres (3,005 ft × 75 ft).

## Nearest airports

The three nearest airports are:
* Kalamata Airport – 45 km (24 NM) west-northwest
* Triodhon Airport – 49 km (26 NM) west-northwest
* Tripolis Airport – 62 km (33 NM) north
# British American Tobacco Bangladesh

British American Tobacco Bangladesh is one of the largest multinational corporations, operated by British American Tobacco in Bangladesh. They are listed on the stock index of the Dhaka Stock Exchange and Chittagong Stock Exchange. It is doing its business over 100 years in this region. It was founded in Bangladesh in 1910. It had established its first depot at Armanitola in Dhaka. After partition in 1947, it was established in 1949. After the independence of Bangladesh from Pakistan, it was renamed as Bangladesh Tobacco Company (BTC) in 1972. But in 1998, it is again renamed as British American Tobacco Bangladesh (BATB). In Bangladesh, British American Tobacco Bangladesh has more than 1,200 people as direct employees and more than 50,000 people as indirect employees (mostly farmers).
British American Tobacco Bangladesh's motto is "success and responsibility go together". Shehzad Munim is the current managing director of BATB. He is serving as the first ever Bangladeshi MD in the history of BATB.

## Brands

* Benson & Hedges
* John Player Gold Leaf
* Lucky Strike
* Capstan
* Star
* Royals
* Derby
* Pilot
* Hollywood
# Abu Ghraib District

33°17′30.98″N 44°4′9.08″E﻿ / ﻿33.2919389°N 44.0691889°E﻿ / 33.2919389; 44.0691889 Abu-Ghraib (Arabic: قضاء أبي غريب) is a district in Baghdad Governorate, Iraq. Its hub is the city of Abu Ghraib. The population of the district was 189,000 as of 2003 100,000 people in the city of victory and peace and 89,000 people distributed to the rest of the judiciary.

## Cities

* Al Nasr Wal Salam
* Abu Ghraib
* Sadr al Yusufiyah
* Al Radwaniyah
# Askania-Nova, Kherson Oblast

Askania-Nova (Ukrainian: Асканія-Нова, romanized: Askaniia-Nova), or New-Askania, is a rural settlement in Kakhovka Raion, Kherson Oblast, southern Ukraine, near the Askania-Nova biosphere reserve. It hosts the administration of the Askania-Nova settlement hromada, one of the hromadas of Ukraine. It had a population of 2,501 (2022 estimate).

## Administrative status

The settlement has been classified as urban since 1938. Until 18 July, 2020, Askania-Nova belonged to Chaplynka Raion. The raion was abolished in July 2020 as part of the administrative reform of Ukraine, which reduced the number of raions of Kherson Oblast to five. The area of Chaplynka Raion was merged into Kakhovka Raion.
Until 26 January 2024, Askania-Nova was designated urban-type settlement. On this day, a new law entered into force which abolished this status, and Askania-Nova became a rural settlement.

## History

It was established in 1822 as a rural settlement of Chapli. In 1828, the estate of Chapli was leased by Frederick Ferdinand, Duke of Anhalt-Köthen. The estate was renamed Neu-Askania, as the Duke's family held the title the Duke of Ascania since 1330. The 25 sheep breeders and German colonizers from that county founded the loosely populated settlement of Ascania-Nova.
Later, in 1835, it became a khutir of Askania-Nova. In 1856, a Ukrainian-born German entrepreneur Friedrich Fein bought the estate, which totaled approximately 52,000 ha, from the Duke of Anhalt-Dessau (presumably Leopold IV). Friedrich Fein was grandfather of Friedrich Falz-Fein, the founder of Askania Nova biosphere reserve. In 1890, it was known as the incorporated rural settlement of Askania-Nova.