# List of genetic codes

While there is much commonality, different parts of the tree of life use slightly different genetic codes. When translating from genome to protein, the use of the correct genetic code is essential. The mitochondrial codes are the relatively well-known examples of variation. The translation table list below follows the numbering and designation by NCBI. Four novel alternative genetic codes were discovered in bacterial genomes by Shulgina and Eddy using their codon assignment software Codetta, and validated by analysis of tRNA anticodons and identity elements; these codes are not currently adopted at NCBI, but are numbered here 34-37, and specified in the table below.
* The standard code
* The vertebrate mitochondrial code
* The yeast mitochondrial code
* The mold, protozoan, and coelenterate mitochondrial code and the mycoplasma/spiroplasma code
* The invertebrate mitochondrial code
* The ciliate, dasycladacean and hexamita nuclear code
* The deleted kinetoplast code; cf. table 4.
* deleted, cf. table 1.
* The echinoderm and flatworm mitochondrial code
* The euplotid nuclear code
* The bacterial, archaeal and plant plastid code
* The alternative yeast nuclear code
* The ascidian mitochondrial code
* The alternative flatworm mitochondrial code
* The Blepharisma nuclear code
* The chlorophycean mitochondrial code
* (none)
* (none)
* (none)
* (none)
* The trematode mitochondrial code
* The Scenedesmus obliquus mitochondrial code
* The Thraustochytrium mitochondrial code
* The Pterobranchia mitochondrial code
* The candidate division SR1 and gracilibacteria code
* The Pachysolen tannophilus nuclear code
* The karyorelict nuclear code
* The Condylostoma nuclear code
* The Mesodinium nuclear code
* The peritrich nuclear code
* The Blastocrithidia nuclear code
* The Balanophoraceae plastid code (not shown on web)
* The Cephalodiscidae mitochondrial code
* The Enterosoma code
* The Peptacetobacter code
* The Anaerococcus and Onthovivens code
* The Absconditabacterales code
The alternative translation tables (2 to 37) involve codon reassignments that are recapitulated in the DNA and RNA codon tables.

## Table summary

Comparison of alternative translation tables for all codons (using IUPAC amino acid codes):
| Amino-acid biochemical properties | Nonpolar | Polar | Basic | Acidic | Termination: stop codon * |
| Codon | Translation table ID (see above) | Translation table ID (see above) | Translation table ID (see above) | Translation table ID (see above) | Translation table ID (see above) | Translation table ID (see above) | Translation table ID (see above) | Translation table ID (see above) | Translation table ID (see above) | Translation table ID (see above) | Translation table ID (see above) | Translation table ID (see above) | Translation table ID (see above) | Translation table ID (see above) | Translation table ID (see above) | Translation table ID (see above) | Translation table ID (see above) | Translation table ID (see above) | Translation table ID (see above) | Translation table ID (see above) | Translation table ID (see above) | Translation table ID (see above) | Translation table ID (see above) | Translation table ID (see above) | Translation table ID (see above) | Translation table ID (see above) | Translation table ID (see above) | Translation table ID (see above) | Translation table ID (see above) | Translation table ID (see above) | Translation table ID (see above) |
| Codon | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | 31 | 32 | 33 | 34 | 35 | 36 | 37 |
| TTT | F | F | F | F | F | F | F | F | F | F | F | F | F | F | F | F | F | F | F | F | F | F | F | F | F | F | F | F | F | F | F |
| TTC | F | F | F | F | F | F | F | F | F | F | F | F | F | F | F | F | F | F | F | F | F | F | F | F | F | F | F | F | F | F | F |
| TTA | L | L | L | L | L | L | L | L | L | L | L | L | L | L | L | L | * | L | L | L | L | L | L | L | L | L | L | L | L | L | L |
| TTG | L | L | L | L | L | L | L | L | L | L | L | L | L | L | L | L | L | L | L | L | L | L | L | L | L | L | L | L | L | L | L |
| TCT | S | S | S | S | S | S | S | S | S | S | S | S | S | S | S | S | S | S | S | S | S | S | S | S | S | S | S | S | S | S | S |
| TCC | S | S | S | S | S | S | S | S | S | S | S | S | S | S | S | S | S | S | S | S | S | S | S | S | S | S | S | S | S | S | S |
| TCA | S | S | S | S | S | S | S | S | S | S | S | S | S | S | S | * | S | S | S | S | S | S | S | S | S | S | S | S | S | S | S |
| TCG | S | S | S | S | S | S | S | S | S | S | S | S | S | S | S | S | S | S | S | S | S | S | S | S | S | S | S | S | S | S | S |
| TAT | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y |
| TAC | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y |
| TAA | * | * | * | * | * | Q | * | * | * | * | * | Y | * | * | * | * | * | * | * | * | Q | Q | Y | E | E | * | Y | * | * | * | * |
| TAG | * | * | * | * | * | Q | * | * | * | * | * | * | Q | L | * | L | * | * | * | * | Q | Q | Y | E | E | W | * | * | * | * | * |
| TGT | C | C | C | C | C | C | C | C | C | C | C | C | C | C | C | C | C | C | C | C | C | C | C | C | C | C | C | C | C | C | C |
| TGC | C | C | C | C | C | C | C | C | C | C | C | C | C | C | C | C | C | C | C | C | C | C | C | C | C | C | C | C | C | C | C |
| TGA | * | W | W | W | W | * | W | C | * | * | W | W | * | * | W | * | * | W | G | * | W | W | * | * | W | * | W | * | * | * | G |
| TGG | W | W | W | W | W | W | W | W | W | W | W | W | W | W | W | W | W | W | W | W | W | W | W | W | W | W | W | W | W | W | W |
| CTT | L | L | T | L | L | L | L | L | L | L | L | L | L | L | L | L | L | L | L | L | L | L | L | L | L | L | L | L | L | L | L |
| CTC | L | L | T | L | L | L | L | L | L | L | L | L | L | L | L | L | L | L | L | L | L | L | L | L | L | L | L | L | L | L | L |
| CTA | L | L | T | L | L | L | L | L | L | L | L | L | L | L | L | L | L | L | L | L | L | L | L | L | L | L | L | L | L | L | L |
| CTG | L | L | T | L | L | L | L | L | L | S | L | L | L | L | L | L | L | L | L | A | L | L | L | L | L | L | L | L | L | L | L |
| CCT | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P |
| CCC | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P |
| CCA | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P |
| CCG | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P |
| CAT | H | H | H | H | H | H | H | H | H | H | H | H | H | H | H | H | H | H | H | H | H | H | H | H | H | H | H | H | H | H | H |
| CAC | H | H | H | H | H | H | H | H | H | H | H | H | H | H | H | H | H | H | H | H | H | H | H | H | H | H | H | H | H | H | H |
| CAA | Q | Q | Q | Q | Q | Q | Q | Q | Q | Q | Q | Q | Q | Q | Q | Q | Q | Q | Q | Q | Q | Q | Q | Q | Q | Q | Q | Q | Q | Q | Q |
| CAG | Q | Q | Q | Q | Q | Q | Q | Q | Q | Q | Q | Q | Q | Q | Q | Q | Q | Q | Q | Q | Q | Q | Q | Q | Q | Q | Q | Q | Q | Q | Q |
| CGT | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R |
| CGC | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R |
| CGA | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | W |
| CGG | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | Q | W | W |
| ATT | I | I | I | I | I | I | I | I | I | I | I | I | I | I | I | I | I | I | I | I | I | I | I | I | I | I | I | I | I | I | I |
| ATC | I | I | I | I | I | I | I | I | I | I | I | I | I | I | I | I | I | I | I | I | I | I | I | I | I | I | I | I | I | I | I |
| ATA | I | M | M | I | M | I | I | I | I | I | M | I | I | I | M | I | I | I | I | I | I | I | I | I | I | I | I | I | I | I | I |
| ATG | M | M | M | M | M | M | M | M | M | M | M | M | M | M | M | M | M | M | M | M | M | M | M | M | M | M | M | M | M | M | M |
| ACT | T | T | T | T | T | T | T | T | T | T | T | T | T | T | T | T | T | T | T | T | T | T | T | T | T | T | T | T | T | T | T |
| ACC | T | T | T | T | T | T | T | T | T | T | T | T | T | T | T | T | T | T | T | T | T | T | T | T | T | T | T | T | T | T | T |
| ACA | T | T | T | T | T | T | T | T | T | T | T | T | T | T | T | T | T | T | T | T | T | T | T | T | T | T | T | T | T | T | T |
| ACG | T | T | T | T | T | T | T | T | T | T | T | T | T | T | T | T | T | T | T | T | T | T | T | T | T | T | T | T | T | T | T |
| AAT | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N |
| AAC | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N | N |
| AAA | K | K | K | K | K | K | N | K | K | K | K | N | K | K | N | K | K | K | K | K | K | K | K | K | K | K | K | K | K | K | K |
| AAG | K | K | K | K | K | K | K | K | K | K | K | K | K | K | K | K | K | K | K | K | K | K | K | K | K | K | K | K | K | K | K |
| AGT | S | S | S | S | S | S | S | S | S | S | S | S | S | S | S | S | S | S | S | S | S | S | S | S | S | S | S | S | S | S | S |
| AGC | S | S | S | S | S | S | S | S | S | S | S | S | S | S | S | S | S | S | S | S | S | S | S | S | S | S | S | S | S | S | S |
| AGA | R | * | R | R | S | R | S | R | R | R | G | S | R | R | S | R | R | S | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | S | R | R | R | R |
| AGG | R | * | R | R | S | R | S | R | R | R | G | S | R | R | S | R | R | K | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R | K | M | R | R | R |
| GTT | V | V | V | V | V | V | V | V | V | V | V | V | V | V | V | V | V | V | V | V | V | V | V | V | V | V | V | V | V | V | V |
| GTC | V | V | V | V | V | V | V | V | V | V | V | V | V | V | V | V | V | V | V | V | V | V | V | V | V | V | V | V | V | V | V |
| GTA | V | V | V | V | V | V | V | V | V | V | V | V | V | V | V | V | V | V | V | V | V | V | V | V | V | V | V | V | V | V | V |
| GTG | V | V | V | V | V | V | V | V | V | V | V | V | V | V | V | V | V | V | V | V | V | V | V | V | V | V | V | V | V | V | V |
| GCT | A | A | A | A | A | A | A | A | A | A | A | A | A | A | A | A | A | A | A | A | A | A | A | A | A | A | A | A | A | A | A |
| GCC | A | A | A | A | A | A | A | A | A | A | A | A | A | A | A | A | A | A | A | A | A | A | A | A | A | A | A | A | A | A | A |
| GCA | A | A | A | A | A | A | A | A | A | A | A | A | A | A | A | A | A | A | A | A | A | A | A | A | A | A | A | A | A | A | A |
| GCG | A | A | A | A | A | A | A | A | A | A | A | A | A | A | A | A | A | A | A | A | A | A | A | A | A | A | A | A | A | A | A |
| GAT | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D |
| GAC | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D |
| GAA | E | E | E | E | E | E | E | E | E | E | E | E | E | E | E | E | E | E | E | E | E | E | E | E | E | E | E | E | E | E | E |
| GAG | E | E | E | E | E | E | E | E | E | E | E | E | E | E | E | E | E | E | E | E | E | E | E | E | E | E | E | E | E | E | E |
| GGT | G | G | G | G | G | G | G | G | G | G | G | G | G | G | G | G | G | G | G | G | G | G | G | G | G | G | G | G | G | G | G |
| GGC | G | G | G | G | G | G | G | G | G | G | G | G | G | G | G | G | G | G | G | G | G | G | G | G | G | G | G | G | G | G | G |
| GGA | G | G | G | G | G | G | G | G | G | G | G | G | G | G | G | G | G | G | G | G | G | G | G | G | G | G | G | G | G | G | G |
| GGG | G | G | G | G | G | G | G | G | G | G | G | G | G | G | G | G | G | G | G | G | G | G | G | G | G | G | G | G | G | G | G |