OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# HaYonim Cave

HaYonim Cave (Hebrew: מערת היונים, romanized: Me'arat HaYonim, lit. 'Cave of the Pigeons') is a cave located in a limestone bluff about 250 meters above modern sea level, in the Upper Galilee, Israel.

## History

The site had substantial occupation during the Middle Paleolithic Mousterian period, from 250,000 years ago to 100,000 years ago, and later, during the Epipalaeolithic period and the Natufian culture around 12,000 years ago.
The Mousterian occupation of the cave included Levallois debitage and early Middle Paleolithic blade technology, as well as a series of hearths.
In Hayonim were also found wall carvings depicting symbolic shapes and animals, such a running horse dated to between 40,000-18,500 BP, possibly to the Levantine Aurignacian circa 28,000 BP, and now visible in the Israel Museum. This is considered as the first art object found within the context of the Levantine Upper Paleolithic.
The Natufian occupation of the cave featured circular rooms with prepared floors, with a thick midden of lithics, groundstone objects, and worked bone. There were several hearths, and single graves located in abandoned rooms or outside inhabited rooms.
* Flint end scraper with horn handle for working wood or leather, Late Stone Age, Hayonim Cave, 50000-22000 BP
* Aurignacian Culture incised animal bones, Hayonim Cave, 28000 BP.
* Aurignacian Culture bone tools (needle, points and tools for punching holes), Hayonim Cave, 30000 BP.
* Carving of a horse, Hayonim Cave, 40,000-18,500 BP. Israel Museum.
* Bovine-rib dagger, Hayonim Cave, Natufian Culture, 12500-9500 BC.
* Woman's pelvis decorated with fox teeth, Hayonim Cave, Natufian Culture, 12500-9500 BC.
# Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering

The Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering is a department in the Emory University School of Medicine, Georgia Institute of Technology's College of Engineering, and Peking University College of Engineering dedicated to the study of and research in biomedical engineering, and is named after the pioneering engineer and Georgia Tech alumnus Wallace H. Coulter.

## History
### Establishment

Georgia Tech Provost and Vice President Michael E. Thomas and the Emory Dean of Medicine Thomas J. Lawley established an Advisory Committee of Georgia Tech and Emory faculty to address new opportunities in biomedical engineering. The Committee met initially on June 2, 1997 and was charged to develop a set of recommendations for an innovative and unique Department of Biomedical Engineering that is joint with Georgia Tech and Emory and that will enable both institutions to maximize research and educational opportunities in fields of intersecting biomedical interest. The Committee was required to report to Drs. Thomas and Lawley no later than August 15, 1997.

### Naming

Recognized as one of the most influential inventors of the twentieth century, Wallace Coulter studied electronics as a student at Georgia Tech in the early 1930s.

### Recognition

The National Academy of Engineering awarded three professors in this department, Wendy C. Newstetter, Joseph M. Le Doux, and Paul Benkeser, with the 2019 Bernard M. Gordon Prize for Innovation in Engineering and Technology Education. They were recognized for "fusing problem-driven engineering education with learning science principles to create a pioneering program that develops leaders in biomedical engineering.”
# John C. Little

John Carruthers Little (9 September 1874 – 13 September 1957) was a British trade unionist.
Born in Penton in Cumberland, Little became an engineer and joined the Amalgamated Society of Engineers (ASE) in 1897. By 1922, the ASE had become the Amalgamated Engineering Union (AEU), and Little began working full-time for the union. He was elected as the union's president in 1933, serving until 1939.
During World War II, Little was a Director of Labour Supply for the Ministry of Labour and National Service. After the war, he served on the Admiralty Manpower Economy Committee and the Committee on Houses of Outstanding Historic and Architectural Interest.
Little was made a Commander of the Order of the British Empire in 1941.
# Sheykh Musa, Mazandaran

Sheykh Musa (Persian: شيخ موسي, also Romanized as Sheykh Mūsá) is a village in Firuzjah Rural District, Bandpey-ye Sharqi District, Babol County, Mazandaran Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 111, in 31 families.
# Kandel (surname)

Kandel is a gotra commonly associated with Ashkenazi Jews, indicating an ancestor from the town of Kandel in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. In Southeast Asian countries, the Kandel surname is used by individuals from the Bhardwaj gotra (clan). Notable people with the surname include:

## In Europe and Americas

* David Kandel (1520–1592), artist
* Eric R. Kandel, neuroscientist
* Eugene Kandel, economist
* Felix Kandel, historian
* Harry Kandel, bandleader
* Isaac Leon Kandel, educator
* Jessica Kandel, surgeon
* Lenore Kandel, poet
* Michael Kandel, science fiction author
* Paul Kandel, actor
* Susan Kandel, art critic and writer
* Ellen Kandeler, biologist and agricultural scientist specializing in soil biology

## In Nepal

Kandel or Kadel (Nepali: कँडेल) is a surname of people belonging to Brahmin and Chhetri caste in Nepal, belonging to Bhardwaj gotra. Also,it is generally believed to be of Kumaoni origin. They are mostly founded in Dhading District and Baglung District of Nepal.
* Tanka Prasad Sharma Kadel, Nepalese politician
* Mani Bhadra Sharma Kandel, Nepalese politician and minister.
* Yam Lal Kandel, Nepalese politician
* Devendra Raj Kandel, Nepalese politician
* Ghansyam Kandel, Nepalese writer, and Madan Puraskar winner.
* Rajen Kandel, British-Nepali Businessman, Entrepreneur, Managing Director of Kandel Group UK, Co-founder of The British College.
* Shubha Shankar Kandel, Chairman and Editor-in-Chief, ABC Television (Nepal),President of NMS(Nepal Media Society)
* Arjun Kandel, A sexual predator convicted in Australia for assaulting intellectually disabled women.
# Secretary of Family Affairs of Puerto Rico

The secretary of family affairs of Puerto Rico (Spanish: Secretaria de la Familia de Puerto Rico) leads the Department of Family Affairs of Puerto Rico and all efforts related to the sociology of the family and social work in Puerto Rico.

## List of secretaries of family affairs

* 2009–2012: Yanitsia Irizarry Méndez
* 2013–2016: Idalia Colón Rondón
* 2017–present: Glorimar Andújar Matos
# Acquafraggia

Acquafraggia (also Acqua Fraggia) is a short and frequently steep torrente, or seasonal stream, of the province of Sondrio in Lombardy, north Italy.
Its source is on Pizzo del Lago, at an elevation of 3,050 metres (10,010 ft), on the north side of the Val Bregaglia and close to the Swiss border which here marks the limit of the Po drainage basin. From here it flows in a southwesterly direction within the territory of the commune of Piuro until it joins the Mera as a right tributary at the locality of Borgonuovo, a little upstream from Chiavenna and the mouth of the Val Bregaglia.
At an early point of its course the stream forms the lake of Acqua Fraggia at an elevation of 2,043 metres (6,703 ft); it then runs through two hanging valleys of glacial origins, emerging from each in a series of waterfalls, which were noted by Leonardo da Vinci in the Codex Atlanticus. This has been a protected area since 1983.
* Waterfall called Cascade Acquafraggia. From 2015-07. With surrounding
* Waterfall called Cascade Acquafraggia. From 2015-07. Closeup
* Acquafraggia waterfall view from the top
# Staroye Kryukovo District

Staroye Kryukovo (Russian: Ста́рое Крю́ково) is a district of Moscow within Zelenogradsky Administrative Okrug.
# The Draconic Prophecies (book series)

The Draconic Prophecies is a series of books by James Wyatt and published by Wizards of the Coast. It consists of three books: Storm Dragon, Dragon Forge, and Dragon War.
# Puerto Rico Department of Health

The Puerto Rico Department of Health (PRDOH) (Spanish: Departamento de Salud de Puerto Rico) is one of the Cabinet-level agencies directly created by Article 4, Section 6 of the Constitution of Puerto Rico. It is headed by a Secretary of Health, appointed by the Governor of Puerto Rico and requiring the advice and consent of the Senate of Puerto Rico. The Secretary of Health is eighth in the line of gubernatorial succession.

## Regions

There are seven regions of Puerto Rico as defined by the Department of Health: Arecibo, Bayamón, Caguas, Fajardo, Mayagüez, Metro, and Ponce.

## Agencies

style="margin: 0 auto"
| Name in English | Name in Spanish | Abbreviation in Spanish |
| Administration of Mental Health and Anti-Addiction Services | Administración de Servicios de Salud Mental y Contra la Adicción | ASSMCA |
# Suresh Malla

Suresh Malla (Nepali: सुरेश मल्ल) is a Nepalese politician. He was elected to the Pratinidhi Sabha in the 1999 election on behalf of the Nepali Congress.
# Bamyan District

Bamyan (Persian: بامیان) is a district of Bamyan province in Afghanistan. In 2003, the population was put at 70,028, of which the majority group is Hazaras. New Zealand peace keepers operate in the district as well as most of Bamyan Province.
Villages in Bamyan District include `Ambar Samuch and more.
# Vadim Utkin

Vadim Ivanovich Utkin (Russian: Вадим Иванович Уткин; 30 October 1937 – 18 September 2022) was a Russian-American control theorist, electrical engineer and a professor of Electrical Engineering and Mechanical Engineering at the Ohio State University. He is best known for being one of the originators of Sliding Mode Control and Variable Structure Systems, which have become fundamental concepts in the field of nonlinear control (e.g. robust control).

## Biography

Utkin was born in Moscow, Soviet Union. He was with the Institute of Control Sciences from 1960 to 1994, where he served as its Head of Discontinuous Control Systems Laboratory from 1973 to 1994. He joined the Ohio State University in 1994 as the Ford Chair of Electromechanical Systems, and was the first professor to hold this distinction until 2002.
He was an IEEE Fellow, and he has been the recipient of awards such as the Lenin Prize and the Humboldt Prize. He also holds honorary doctorates from the University of Sarajevo and Rovira and Vergil University.

## Selected works

* Sliding Modes and their Applications in Variable Structure Systems. Mir, Moscow, 1978.
* Sliding Modes in Control and Optimization, Springer Verlag, 1992.
* Sliding Mode Control in Electro-Mechanical Systems, Taylor & Frencis. 1st edition 1999, 2nd edition 2009.
# Yasur, Iran

Yasur (Persian: ياسور, also Romanized as Yāsūr) is a village in Siyarastaq Yeylaq Rural District, Rahimabad District, Rudsar County, Gilan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 56, in 25 families.
# Andrew Meintjes Conroy

Andrew Meintjes Conroy, DSO (27 October 1877 – 7 December 1951) was a South African politician. He was Minister of Lands from 1939 until 1948.
Conroy was MP for Victoria West from 1917 to 1920 and senator for Cape Province from 1927 to 1929 and from 1932 until 1951.
# Jeffrey A. Marx

Jeffrey A. Marx is an American journalist. In the early 1980s, as a correspondent for the Lexington Herald-Leader, he co-authored a series of exposes on improper cash payoffs to University of Kentucky basketball players which won him and the co-author, Michael M. York, the 1986 Pulitzer Prize for Investigative Reporting. The article series "Playing Above the Rules", exposed improper cash payoffs to University of Kentucky basketball players and improper offers made to recruits by other universities. The authors interviewed 33 former Wildcats – some of whom spoke to Marx and York with the goal of ending the abuses – and the paper sued the university and the state of Kentucky under freedom of information laws to get detailed information, including the names of specific violators, for the series. The piece also led to NCAA regulation changes.
# Hipparchia

Hipparchia may refer to:
* Hipparchia of Maroneia, an ancient Greek philosopher c. 325 BC
* Hipparchia (butterfly), a butterfly genus
# Social Democratic Union (Ukraine)

The Social Democratic Union (Ukrainian: Соціал-демократичний Союз) is a political party in Ukraine registered in March 1999.

## History

At the 2002 Ukrainian parliamentary election the party was part of the Unity alliance. At the 2006 elections the party participated in the "Lazarenko Bloc" (which consisted of Hromada, "Social Democratic Union" and Social Democratic Party of Ukraine) but this bloc was supported by only 76.950 voters, or 0.30%, and therefore did not make it to parliament. But the block did win third place in the Dnipropetrovsk Oblast council.
The party did not participate in the 2007 Ukrainian parliamentary election. The party planned to participate in the elections (again) in an election bloc with Hromada. But because the Central Election Commission of Ukraine refused to register candidates of Hromada as candidates and because Hromada did not notify the Central Election Commission of the right date of its congress, Hromada could not participate in these elections.
The party did not participate in the 2012 parliamentary elections.
# List of National Historic Sites of Canada in Yukon

Download coordinates as:
* KML
* GPX (all coordinates)
* GPX (primary coordinates)
* GPX (secondary coordinates)
This is a list of National Historic Sites (French: Lieux historiques nationaux) in the territory of Yukon. There are 12 National Historic Sites designated in Yukon, four of which are in the national park system, administered by Parks Canada (identified below by the beaver icon ).
Several National Historic Events also occurred in Yukon, and are identified at places associated with them, using the same style of federal plaque which marks National Historic Sites. National Historic Persons are commemorated in the same way. The markers do not indicate which designation—a Site, Event, or Person—a subject has been given.
This list uses names designated by the national Historic Sites and Monuments Board, which may differ from other names for these sites.
# Makoto Sakurada

Makoto Sakurada (櫻田 亮, Sakurada Makoto, born 1968) is a Japanese tenor in opera and concert.

## Biography

Makoto graduated from the Tokyo University of the Arts. He went to study in Italy in 1997, and continues to work there. He has recorded Bach cantatas in the complete set directed by Masaaki Suzuki, and the ongoing series directed by Rudolf Lutz.
# Ivo Bischofberger

Ivo Bischofberger is a Swiss politician and jurist. He was a member of the Council of States from 2007 to 2019 and served as the President of the chamber from 2016 to 2017. Prior to his election to the upper chamber, he was a judge at the municipal level from 1986 to 1992 and at the cantonal level in Appenzell Innerrhoden from 1992 to 2008.

## Biography

Bischofberger was born on February 24, 1958, in Heiden and was raised in Oberegg. He studied in Zürich and Konstanz before returning to Oberegg to teach.
In 1986, he was elected as a district court judge in Oberegg where he served until 1992. From 1988 to 1992, he was the president of the district court. In 1992, he was elected to serve on the cantonal court. He became the president of the court in 1993 and served in that role until 2008. He was also the chair of the cantonal Christian Democratic Party from 1992 to 1997.
In 2007, with Carlo Schmid-Sutter stepping down as Appenzell Innerrhoden’s sole representative to the Council of States, Bischofberger was elected as his successor. He was elected as the Vice President of the Council in 2015 and President in 2016. He was only the third person from Appenzell Innerrhoden to be elected as president of the Council of States.
After his one-year term expired, Bischofberger continued to serve in the Council on the committees for science, education and culture, social security and public health, and environment, regional planning and energy. In January 2019, he announced that he would not seek another term and would retire.
Bischofberger lives in Oberegg with his wife Margrith.
# Limchungbung Rural Municipality

Limchungbung (Nepali: लिम्चुङबुङ गाउँपालिका) (earlier:Sunkoshi) is a rural municipality in Udayapur district of Koshi Province in Nepal. There are 4 rural municipalities in Udayapur district. There are 5 wards in this municipality. According to 2011 census of Nepal, the total population of the municipality is 11,992 and total area is 106.8 km². The headquarter of the municipality is in Baraha
The rural municipality was established on March 10, 2017 when Ministry of Federal Affairs and Local Development dissolved the existing village development committees and announced the establishment of this new local body.
Basabote, Tamlichha, Baraha, Balamta and Jante VDCs were merged to form the new rural municipality.
# Wang Chung-ming

Wang Chung-ming (Chinese: 王忠銘; pinyin: Wáng Zhōngmíng; born 27 February 1958) is a Taiwanese politician who is the current magistrate of Lienchiang County since 25 December 2022.
Wang was the deputy magistrate of Lienchang County until his September 2022 resignation. He was elected to succeed Liu Cheng-ying as county magistrate, defeating fellow Kuomintang member Tsao Erh-yuan and Democratic Progressive Party candidate Lii Wen. Before assuming office on 25 December 2022, Wang traveled to China to discuss the three links, which were later partly restored by the Taiwanese government.
# Lambert Land

Lambert Land is a land area —possibly a peninsula or an island— in King Frederick VIII Land, northeastern Greenland. Administratively it belongs to the Northeast Greenland National Park area.

## Geography

Lambert Land is bounded in the north by the Nioghalvfjerd Fjord, in the east by the Greenland Sea and in the south by the Zachariae Isstrom, beyond which rises Duke of Orleans Land. Jomfru Tidsfordriv Fjord is a small fjord in the eastern coast. Cape Drygalsky is its eastern headland. To the northeast lie the Gamle Jim Islands and to the southeast Jokel Bay. Lambert Land is largely unglaciated.

## History

Lambert Land was named by the 1906-1908 Denmark expedition after a name found in a 1718 map of an obscure Dutch whaler who had sighted that land in 1670.
Jørgen Brønlund, the last survivor of the ill-fated leading team of the Denmark expedition reached Lambert Land in the moonlight and his body was found there by Johan Peter Koch and Tobias Gabrielsen, a Greenlandic polar explorer, in mid March 1908. He had his diary and Hagen's cartographic sketches. Mylius-Erichsen and Hagen had died further north. Brønlund was buried at Kap Bergendahl in southeast Lambert Land, the spot where he was found, which is today known as Brønlund's Grave (Danish: Brønlunds Grav).
In 1980 archaeological remains of ancient Inuit dwellings were found.
| Map of Northeastern Greenland. | 1911 German map of NE Greenland showing Lambert Land at the southern end. |
# HaDavar HaGadol HaBa

HaDavar HaGadol HaBa (Hebrew: הדבר הגדול הבא, romanized: Ha'Davar Ha'Gadol Ha'Ba, lit. 'The Next Big Thing') was an Israeli television show, based on the formula of Got Talent series. The show was first aired in 2007 The show was presented by Noa Tishby. Rules of the show were nearly the same as the original British ones. The program was one of the most popular reality shows in Israel. Castings for the show were held in Haifa. The jury consisted of Yael Bar Zohar, Yehoram Gaon and Moti Reif. Winners of the first (and only) season were acrobatic duo Karen Alankovah and Yaniv Suissa.
# Schloss Grosssölk

Schloss Grosssölk is a castle in Styria, Austria. Schloss Grosssölk is situated at an elevation of 932 m.
# Nothing to Lose (2002 film)

Nothing to Lose (Thai: 1+1 เป็นสูญ, or Neung buak neung pen soon, literally, 1+1=0) is a 2002 Thai crime-comedy-drama film written and directed by Danny Pang of the Pang Brothers. It is Danny Pang's solo directorial debut, and is part of the loose "Bangkok Trilogy" by the Pangs that also includes Bangkok Dangerous (1999) and One Take Only (2003).

## Plot

Somchai, a debt-ridden gambling addict, goes to the top of a building to commit suicide and finds a young woman, Go-go, standing on the ledge ready to do the same.
Rather than going through with the plans for death, the two talk and decide that there's nothing they can't do, since they had decided to die.
So they embark on a crime spree, starting out by eating in a restaurant and not paying the bill, then stealing a car and crashing it for fun.
They rob a convenience store, and are pursued by the police, and the gangsters Somchai pursue the couple as well.

## Awards

The film won two awards at the Thailand National Film Association Awards: Best Actress for Arisara Wongchalee, and Best Costumes.

## Cast

* Arisara Wongchalee as Gogo
* Pierre Png as Somchai
* Yvonne Lim as Daderufang
* Nimponth Chaisirikul

## Release

Nothing to Lose has been issued on DVD in Thailand, but despite what the package says, it has no English subtitles.
# Mineral painting

Mineral painting or Keim's process, also known as stereochromy, is a mural or fresco painting technique that uses a water glass-based paint to maximize the lifetime of the finished work.
The name "stereochromy" was first used in about 1825 by Johann Nepomuk von Fuchs and Schlotthaurer. In the original technique, pigments were applied to plaster or stone and sealed with water glass to preserve and enhance the colors. The method was then improved in the 1880s by Adolf Wilhelm Keim and renamed mineral painting or Keim's process.

## Keim's process

Keim's process was reported in 1884 at the Royal Society of Arts in London, by chemist and craftsman Adolf Wilhelm Keim of Munich, as an improvement on the earlier stereochromy technique of Schlotthaner and von Fuchs.

### The process

* First, the surface to be painted is prepared by removing any damp bricks, overly burnt bricks, or decayed wood, and replacing these, and also removing any existing traces of stucco.
* The surface is then coated with a mixture of quartz sand, infusorial earth (calcined fossil meal), and powdered marble, mixed four parts to one with quicklime slaked with distilled water. The purpose of this layer is to ensure adhesion of the subsequent layers to the surface. Next, a layer of lime-sand mortar is applied to even the surface, with care taken to avoid cracking. This layer is allowed to dry for up to a year.
* Once dry, a painting ground composed of white quartz sand, marble sand, marble meal, and infusorial earth is combined eight parts to one with slaked lime, and applied to the surface at a thickness of one eighth to one quarter inch. This layer dries for several days, at which point a crust of carbonate has formed on the surface. This crust is removed with a mixture of one part hydrofluosilicic acid to three parts distilled water, which is brushed on and allowed to dry for 24 hours, after which the surface is rinsed with distilled water.
* A hardening fluid of one part potassium silicate to two parts water is then brushed on and allowed to dry for 24 hours, before a second layer is applied and allowed to dry again. This surface may be painted immediately, or may sit unpainted for several years.
* Pigments (selected from a set of thirty-eight) are treated with alkaline solutions of potash or ammonia to prevent color change caused by the alkaline fixative to come. Alternative pigments are best for those that cannot be used with an alkaline fixative.
* Finally, the completed painting is fixed with an application of "waterglass" (sodium silicate) treated with ammonium carbonate, applied in a fine spray in several layers, until no more is absorbed. The chemical interaction of the fixative with the underlying pigments and ground create a material analogous to marble, and highly resistant to chemical corrosion.
Keim's focus on carefully preparing the painting ground came from his study of older frescos and their state of preservation. Keim reportedly labored for twelve years to refine his process.