OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Kharkiv National University of Economics

Simon Kuznets Kharkiv National University of Economics (Ukrainian: Харківський національний економічний університет імені Семена Кузнеця) is the largest economic higher educational and research institution in Eastern Ukraine. The university was established in 1912 and was named after American economist Simon Kuznets, a noted alumnus, in 2013.

## Notable alumni

* Simon Smith Kuznets, American economist, Nobel prize winner (1971).
* Evsei Liberman, Soviet economist, architect of the economic reforms of 1965.
* Maria Quisling, wife of Nazi collaborator Vidkun Quisling.
* Mykhailo Chechetov, Ukrainian politician.
* Victoria Spartz, member of the Indiana Senate, 2020 Republican candidate for Indiana's 5th congressional district

## Ratings

| Ranking | 2014 | 2013 | 2012 | 2011 | 2010 | 2009 | 2008 | 2007 |
| | World | World | World | World | World | World |
| Webometrics | 5229 | 8861 | 5761 | | | | | |
| | National | National | National | National | National | National |
| Webometrics | 47 | 64 | | | | | | |
| TOP-200 Ukraine | 55 | 49 | 49 | 43 | 45 | 45 | 46 | 49 |
| SciVerse Scopus | 83 | 94 | - | | | | | |
# UPR

UPR may refer to:
* Unfolded protein response, a biological response in the "endoplasmic reticulum" when some proteins did not properly fold
* Union Pacific Railroad, a freight railroad based in Omaha, Nebraska.
* Universal Periodic Review of the United Nations Human Rights Council
* Unconditional positive regard, one of the three core conditions of "person-centered therapy"
* Utah Public Radio, a radio station, part of the College of Humanities and Social Sciences at Utah State University

## Politics

* Unia Polityki Realnej, a political party in Poland
* Popular Republican Union (disambiguation) (French: Union Populaire Républicaine, UPR)
* Progressive Union for Renewal (French: Union progressiste pour le renouveau, UPR), a political party in Benin
* Union for Progress and Renewal, a political party in Guinea
* Ukrainian People's Republic (1917–21), former state in Eastern Europe
* Unitary parliamentary republic, a form of unitary states

## University

* University of Palangka Raya, the public university in Palangkaraya, Indonesia
* University of Puerto Rico, the public university system of Puerto Rico, or one of its 11 campuses:
** University of Puerto Rico, Medical Sciences Campus
** University of Puerto Rico at Aguadilla
** University of Puerto Rico at Arecibo
** University of Puerto Rico at Bayamón
** University of Puerto Rico at Carolina
** University of Puerto Rico at Cayey
** University of Puerto Rico at Humacao
** University of Puerto Rico at Mayagüez
** University of Puerto Rico at Ponce
** University of Puerto Rico at Rio Piedras
** University of Puerto Rico at Utuado
# Abzy Cool

Abzy Cool is a Hindi language movie channel that is owned by Skystar Entertainment Pvt Ltd. It was launched as a movie channel and later converted into an entertainment channel; it has since been relaunched once again as a movie channel.

## Former shows

* Aurat Teri Yehi Kahani
* Jap Tap Vrat
* Crime Stop
* Pyar Mein Savdhaan
* Mahima Maa Jagdambe Ki
* Shree Ganesh
* Daravni Kahani
* Om Namah Shivay

## Associated channels

Two related channels owned by Skystar Entertainment are:
Abzy Dhakad, a Bhojpuri language entertainment channel. Launched on 1 April 2019, the channel was formerly known as Sky Star Telugu.
Abzy Movies, a Hindi language movie channel. Launched as Skystar Movies on 1 March 2014, it became Abzy Movies in April 2019.
# San Marino Volleyball Federation

San Marino Volleyball Federation or FSPAV (Italian: Federazione Sammarinese Pallavolo) is the governing body of volleyball and beach volleyball in San Marino. It was formed in 1980.
It organizes the internal league and runs the San Marino national volleyball team.
The President of the federation is Gianluigi Lazzarini.
# Laleh Dasht

Laleh Dasht (Persian: لاله دشت, also Romanized as Lāleh Dasht; also known as Laldash) is a village in Belesbeneh Rural District, Kuchesfahan District, Rasht County, Gilan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 738, in 209 families.
# Kushk Talkh-e Darghak

Kushk Talkh-e Darghak (Persian: كوشك تلخ درغك, also Romanized as Kūshk Talkh-e Darghak; also known as Kūshk) is a village in Bahmayi-ye Sarhadi-ye Gharbi Rural District, Dishmok District, Kohgiluyeh County, Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 68, in 12 families.
# Kordasht Castle

Kordasht Castle (Persian: قلعه کردشت) is a historical castle located in Jolfa County in East Azerbaijan Province, The longevity of this fortress dates back to the Qajar dynasty.
# Kal Chuquki

Kal Chuquki (Persian: كال چوقوكي, also Romanized as Kāl Chūqūkī, Kālchoqūkī, Kālchūqakī, Kālchūqūkī, and Kāl-e Choqūkī) is a village in Meyami Rural District, Razaviyeh District, Mashhad County, Razavi Khorasan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 746, in 175 families.
# Convent of the Calced Augustinians, Toledo

The Convent of the Calced Augustinians (Spanish: Convento de las Agustinas Calzadas) is an Augustinian convent located in Toledo, Spain. The word calzadas translates to "calced" (or shod) in English, referring to the fact that the community wore shoes, rather than going barefoot as other (stricter) religious orders did.

## Architecture

The building is designated a Property of Cultural Interest.
The building contains a small central courtyard surrounded by living and working quarters. Architecturally, the convent has had a complicated history. It was begun in the 17th century and was adapted in the mid-18th century from existing structures; paid for by Luis II Fernandez de Cordoba, Count of Teba and Cardinal Archbishop of Toledo between 1755 and 1771.

## Painting

The chapel has an altar-piece by the baroque painter Francisco Rizi.
# Uththara Jayamaha Vihara

Uththara Jayamaha Vihara (Sinhala: උත්තර ජයමහා විහාරය) is an ancient Buddhist temple in Hingurana, Sri Lanka. The temple has been formally recognised by the Government as an archaeological site in Sri Lanka. The designation was declared on 26 December 2014 under the government Gazette number 1895.

## The temple

The temple at Hingurana which lies behind the Gal Oya Plantations Sugar factory is located about 1 km (0.62 mi) distance from the Hingurana Roundabout. It is believed that the history of Uttara Jayamaha Vihara is dated back to the reign of King Saddha Tissa (137 BC – 119 BC). The modern temple complex stand today is said to be built upon the ancient temple belonging to the old Digamadulla Kingdom. Due to the recent modernisation works, the antiquity of the temple has been almost diminished. Among the ancient structures, stone Korawak Gala, rock inscriptions, drip ledged caves, parts of pillars and other artifacts can be identified.

## Inscriptions

An early Brahmi inscription belonging to the pre-Christian era has been identified on the rock ceiling of the temple image house. The inscription was copied in 1971 by the Department of Archaeology.
   Period: 2nd century BC, Script: Early Brahmi, Language: Old Sinhalese Text: "Mahamata-Utara-jhita-Racitaya lene" Translation: "The cave of Racita, the daughter of the great minister Uttara"
# Infantry Assault Badge

The Infantry Assault Badge (German: Infanterie-Sturmabzeichen) was a German military decoration awarded to Waffen-SS and Wehrmacht Heer soldiers during the Second World War. This decoration was instituted on 20 December 1939 by the Commander-in-Chief (Oberbefehlshaber) of the German Army, Generalfeldmarschall Walther von Brauchitsch. It could be awarded to members of infantry and Gebirgsjäger (mountain infantry) units that had participated in infantry assaults, with light infantry weapons, on at least three separate days of battle in the front line on or after 1 January 1940. When a counter-offensive led to fighting, it could also apply. Award of the Infantry Assault Badge was authorized at regimental command level, and mechanized or motorized infantry were not eligible for the original badge. A bronze variant of the Infantry Assault Badge was created in June 1940, authorized for motorized and mechanized infantry units, using similar requirements for award as the original silver variant. Non-infantry personnel were not eligible for either grade of the Infantry Assault Badge, but were eligible for other combat recognition badges (depending on their military occupation, branch of service, and assigned unit), usually the General Assault Badge, Close Combat Clasp, or the Panzer Badge. The Luftwaffe would develop its own ground combat badge in 1942, the Ground Assault Badge.

## Classes
### Silver

The silver class was instituted on 20 December 1939 by the commander of the OKH, Walther von Brauchitsch, and was awarded to infantry soldiers according to one of the following criteria:
* To have taken part in at least three: infantry assaults (including counter-attacks) or at least three armed reconnaissance operations or engaged in hand-to-hand combat in an assault position or participated on three separate days in the reestablishment of combat positions.

### Bronze

The bronze class was instituted on 1 June 1940. It was awarded to motorized/Mechanized Infantry troops according to the same criteria as listed above.

## Design

The badge was designed by the company C. E. Junker of Berlin. It is oval in shape, with four oak leaves on each side; on the top is a national eagle clutching a swastika and a rifle with a fixed bayonet across the badge. The reverse of the badge is plain and has a pin attached to it. The original "silver" badges were made of silver-plate and the later ones were made of zinc. The "bronze" version was actually made of a "metal alloy".

### 1957 version

On 26 July 1957, the West German federal government passed the "Law of Titles, Orders and Honours" (German: Gesetz über Titel, Orden und Ehrenzeichen), which permitted World War II veterans serving in the Bundeswehr to wear certain earned decorations from the conflict, as long as they were denazified. The Infantry Assault Badge was among the permitted decorations; The re-authorized version had the Reichsadler and swastika removed. Denazified versions of both the silver & bronze grades were authorized and produced.
# Apesia

Apesia (Greek: Aπεσιά or Απαισιά) is a village in the Limassol District of Cyprus, located 3 kilometres (2 miles) southeast of Korfi. Although the word απαίσια in Greek when the emphasis is on the middle syllable means ugly, the name of the village is pronounced in a different way, Απαισιά and the emphasis goes on the third syllable.
Apesia was in the world news in October 2014 after the theft of a six million euro Degas painting was reported.
# Darius Strolė

Darius Strole (born 20 May 1974) is a Lithuanian former professional racing cyclist.

## Major results
### 1997

    1st National Road Race Championships

### 1998

    1st Antwerpse Havenpijl
    3rd National Road Race Championships

### 2000

    2nd National Time Trial Championships

### 2003

    2nd Antwerpse Havenpijl

### 2004

    1st Overall Tour de Liège
    1st Grand Prix Etienne De Wilde
# Hewlett (surname)

Hewlett is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Aaron Hewlett (c.1820–1871), the first African-American instructor at Harvard University
* Addison Hewlett (1912–1989), North Carolina politician and attorney
* Annie Hewlett (1887–1974), English-Canadian writer and artist
* Arthur Hewlett (1907–1997), British actor
* Bill Hewlett (1913–2001), American engineer, co-founder of Hewlett-Packard
* David Hewlett (born 1968), British-born Canadian actor, writer, director and voice actor
* Donald Hewlett (1920–2011), British actor
* Flora Hewlett (1914–1977), American philanthropist
* Frank Hewlett (1913–1983), American journalist and war correspondent
* Hilda Hewlett (1864–1943), British aviation pioneer
* James Hewlett (painter) (1768–1836), English flower painter
* James Hewlett (actor) (fl.1821–1849), African-American Shakespearean actor
* James Monroe Hewlett (1868–1941), American Beaux Arts architect, scenic designer, and muralist
* Jamie Hewlett (born 1968), English comic book artist
* John Hewlett (1762–1844), English reverend and biblical scholar
* Joseph Hewlett (1800–1847), English clergyman, schoolmaster and novelist
* Kate Hewlett (born 1976), Canadian actress
* Mark Hewlett (born 1974), Rhodesian-born radio and television personality
* Martinez Hewlett (born 1942), American biologist
* Matthew Hewlett (born 1976), English footballer
* Maurice Hewlett (1861–1923), English historical novelist, poet and essayist
* Peter Hewlett (born 1941), Zimbabwean farmer and politician
* Richard Hewlett (American Revolutionary War) (1729–1789), Royalist soldier
* Richard G. Hewlett (1923–2015), American historian
* Siobhan Hewlett, British-Irish actress
* Steve Hewlett (journalist) (1958–2017), British journalist
* Thomas Hewlett (1882–1956), British Conservative Party politician and industrialist
* Thomas Hewlett, Baron Hewlett (1923–1971), British industrialist
* Timothy Y. Hewlett (1896–1986), American architect and artist.
* William Hewlett (regicide), officer in charge of the soldiers at the execution of King Charles I in 1649
* W. H. Hewlett (1873–1940), Canadian composer, conductor, and organist
# Iron–sulfur cluster

Iron–sulfur clusters are molecular ensembles of iron and sulfide. They are most often discussed in the context of the biological role for iron–sulfur proteins, which are pervasive. Many Fe–S clusters are known in the area of organometallic chemistry and as precursors to synthetic analogues of the biological clusters. It is supposed that the last universal common ancestor had many iron-sulfur clusters.

## Organometallic clusters

Organometallic Fe–S clusters include the sulfido carbonyls with the formula Fe$_2$S$_2$(CO)$_6$, H$_2$Fe$_3$S(CO)$_9$, and Fe$_3$S$_2$(CO)$_9$. Compounds are also known that incorporate cyclopentadienyl ligands, such as (C$_5$H$_5$)$_4$Fe$_4$S$_4$.

## Biological Fe–S clusters

Iron–sulfur clusters occur in many biological systems, often as components of electron transfer proteins. The ferredoxin proteins are the most common Fe–S clusters in nature. They feature either 2Fe–2S or 4Fe–4S centers. They occur in all branches of life.
Fe–S clusters can be classified according to their Fe:S stoichiometry [2Fe–2S], [4Fe–3S], [3Fe–4S], and [4Fe–4S]. The [4Fe–4S] clusters occur in two forms: normal ferredoxins and high potential iron proteins (HiPIP). Both adopt cuboidal structures, but they utilize different oxidation states. They are found in all forms of life.
The relevant redox couple in all Fe–S proteins is Fe(II)/Fe(III).
Many clusters have been synthesized in the laboratory with the formula [Fe$_4$S$_4$(SR)$_4$]$^{2−}$, which are known for many R substituents, and with many cations. Variations have been prepared including the incomplete cubanes [Fe$_3$S$_4$(SR)$_3$]$^{3−}$.
# Avanak, Qazvin

Avanak (Persian: اوانك, also Romanized as Āvānak) is a village in Alamut-e Pain Rural District, Rudbar-e Alamut District, Qazvin County, Qazvin Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 241, in 84 families.
# Dedna Gora

Dedna Gora (pronounced; German: Dedenberg) is a small settlement in the hills south of Boštanj in the Municipality of Sevnica in central Slovenia. The area is part of the historical region of Lower Carniola. The municipality is now included in the Lower Sava Statistical Region.
# Thum Pakhar

Thumpakhar (Nepali: थुम्पाखर) is a village in Sindhupalchok District in the Bagmati Zone of central Nepal. In the 1991 Nepal census, it had a population of 5210, with 1023 houses.
# Makhmadbek Makhmadbekov

Makhmadbek Shoinovich Makhmadbekov (born 1 October 1999) is a Russian-born Emirati judoka He is the gold medallist in the ‍–‍73 kg at the 2021 Judo Grand Slam Kazan.
# Ioni

Lake Ioni (Russian: Иони), also known as Yonai (Russian: Ёонай), (Chukot: Юнин, Yunin) is a large freshwater lake in Chukotsky District, Chukotka Autonomous Okrug, Russia. It has an area of 27.8 km$^2$ (10.7 sq mi). Currently there are no permanent settlements on the shores of the lake, but there are remains of Stone Age dwellings. Reindeer herders occasionally visit the area, as well as fishermen. The nearest inhabited place is Lorino, located 102 km (63 mi) away.

## Geography

The lake is located in the center of the Chukotka Peninsula, south of Kolyuchin Bay. Ioni is the largest lake in its district. It lies in the Mechigmen-Kolyuchin basin, a large intermontane basin of the western part of the Chukotka Mountains.702 m (2,303 ft) high Mount Ioni rises to the NW of the lake.
Ioni is fed by at least five streams originating in the adjacent mountains. The largest is the Priozernaya that flows into the lake from the northeast. River Yonaypilgyn is the outflow of the lake. Ioni is connected by the Yuniwei channel with river Ioniveyem, part of the drainage basin of Kolyuchin Bay.
The lake freezes in the first half of September and stays under ice until June.

## Flora and fauna

The area surrounding Ioni has low mountain tundra vegetation. The banks of the lake are gently sloping and on the eastern side swampy with hummocks and thermokarst pools. There are no aquatic plants.
Anadromous Dolly Varden char is common in the lake. Other fish species include sardine cisco, Siberian whitefish, broad whitefish, burbot, Arctic grayling, as well as Alaska blackfish in shallow thermokarst ponds.
Migratory birds, such as the snow goose, sandhill crane and emperor goose pass through the area and stop at the lake. But owing to the short relatively warm season Ioni is not a suitable place for nesting.
# Zimbabwean cricket team in Ireland in 2024

The Zimbabwe cricket team toured Ireland in July 2024 to play the Ireland cricket team. The tour consisted of one Test match, which was the first such match between the two teams and the first Test played at Stormont cricket ground in Belfast. Ireland won the match.

## Squads

| Ireland | Zimbabwe |
| Andrew Balbirnie (c) Mark Adair Curtis Campher Gavin Hoey Graham Hume Matthew Humphreys Andy McBrine Barry McCarthy James McCollum PJ Moor (wk) Paul Stirling Harry Tector Lorcan Tucker (wk) Craig Young | Craig Ervine (c) Brian Bennett Johnathan Campbell Tendai Chatara Tanaka Chivanga Joylord Gumbie (wk) Roy Kaia Clive Madande (wk) Wellington Masakadza Prince Masvaure Blessing Muzarabani Dion Myers Richard Ngarava Victor Nyauchi Sean Williams |

## Only Test

* 25–28 July 2024 Scorecard
* Ireland won by 4 wickets Stormont, Belfast Umpires: Richard Kettleborough (Eng) and Sharfuddoula (Ban) Player of the match: Andy McBrine (Ire)
* Ireland won the toss and elected to field.
* This was the first Test to be played at this venue.
* Brian Bennett, Joylord Gumbie and Clive Madande (Zim) all made their Test debuts.
# Antoine Tempé

Antoine Tempé is a French photographer who has made work in New York City, West Africa and France. He is mostly known for his studio shots of African dancers and for his portraits of African artists and intellectuals.
In 2008, he published the book Afrique, Danse Contemporaine with the choreographer Salia Sanou.

## Life and work

Tempé studied business in France and moved to New York City to work in the financial field in 1984. He also continued training as a dancer. He began his work as an amateur photographer in 1989, but by 1991 was spending about half his time working in photography. He became a full-time photographer in 2000.
His images, in the form of large, carefully executed, black-and-white prints that often measure up to 4 feet in height, have been exhibited in Europe, the U.S. and Africa. His work has been featured in magazines such as Photo Magazine, Le Monde 2 and Libération, among others.

## Publication

* Afrique, Danse Contemporaine. Paris: Cercle d'art; Centre National de la Danse, 2008. With Salia Sanou. ISBN 978-2-7022-0886-1.
# Sollacaro

Sollacaro (French pronunciation:; Italian: Sollacarò, pronounced; Corsican: Suddacarò) is a commune in the Corse-du-Sud department of France on the island of Corsica.

## Geography

The village is located at 450 m of altitude in the Taravo valley, on the departmental road 302, linking the Celaccia gap to Pisciatello (close to Ajaccio) via Pila-Canale.
A large part of the village is on the northwest side of a hill therefore there is no morning sun except for the Torre and adjacent neighbourhoods situated on a rocky spur.
Sollacaro is 25 km (16 mi) southeast from the prefecture, Ajaccio, 14 km (8.7 mi) north of the subprefecture Sartène and 8 km (5.0 mi) north of Propriano.

### Climate

Sollacaro has a hot-summer mediterranean climate (Köppen climate classification Csa). The average annual temperature in Sollacaro is 15.4 °C (59.7 °F). The average annual rainfall is 729.3 mm (28.71 in) with November as the wettest month. The temperatures are highest on average in August, at around 23.7 °C (74.7 °F), and lowest in January, at around 8.6 °C (47.5 °F). The highest temperature ever recorded in Sollacaro was 43.5 °C (110.3 °F) on 23 July 2009; the coldest temperature ever recorded was −6.2 °C (20.8 °F) on 2 January 2002.
Climate data for Sollacaro (1981–2010 averages, extremes 1990−2014) :
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 21.5 (70.7) | 25.0 (77.0) | 30.0 (86.0) | 32.0 (89.6) | 37.0 (98.6) | 40.0 (104.0) | 43.5 (110.3) | 41.0 (105.8) | 38.4 (101.1) | 33.8 (92.8) | 28.0 (82.4) | 23.5 (74.3) | 43.5 (110.3) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 14.0 (57.2) | 14.4 (57.9) | 17.1 (62.8) | 19.3 (66.7) | 24.3 (75.7) | 28.3 (82.9) | 31.6 (88.9) | 31.8 (89.2) | 27.3 (81.1) | 23.3 (73.9) | 17.9 (64.2) | 14.5 (58.1) | 22.0 (71.6) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 8.6 (47.5) | 8.6 (47.5) | 10.5 (50.9) | 12.8 (55.0) | 17.1 (62.8) | 20.6 (69.1) | 23.2 (73.8) | 23.7 (74.7) | 20.3 (68.5) | 17.2 (63.0) | 12.8 (55.0) | 9.4 (48.9) | 15.4 (59.7) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 3.2 (37.8) | 2.8 (37.0) | 3.9 (39.0) | 6.4 (43.5) | 9.9 (49.8) | 12.9 (55.2) | 14.8 (58.6) | 15.6 (60.1) | 13.3 (55.9) | 11.1 (52.0) | 7.6 (45.7) | 4.4 (39.9) | 8.9 (48.0) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −6.2 (20.8) | −6.1 (21.0) | −3.0 (26.6) | 0.0 (32.0) | 2.5 (36.5) | 6.5 (43.7) | 8.0 (46.4) | 9.5 (49.1) | 6.9 (44.4) | 1.0 (33.8) | −4.8 (23.4) | −5.0 (23.0) | −6.2 (20.8) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 67.1 (2.64) | 47.2 (1.86) | 56.3 (2.22) | 61.1 (2.41) | 54.3 (2.14) | 23.9 (0.94) | 7.3 (0.29) | 18.0 (0.71) | 66.2 (2.61) | 108.5 (4.27) | 126.5 (4.98) | 92.9 (3.66) | 729.3 (28.71) |
| Average precipitation days (≥ 1.0 mm) | 7.9 | 7.3 | 7.1 | 8.3 | 5.5 | 3.1 | 1.1 | 2.2 | 5.7 | 8.8 | 10.7 | 10.5 | 78.1 |
| Source: Meteociel ||||||||||||||
# Folke Kirkemo

Folke Kirkemo (28 March 1899 – 14 October 1967) was a Norwegian footballer. He played in one match for the Norway national football team in 1925.
# Carpenter's Station, Tennessee

Carpenter's Station, Tennessee, is an unincorporated historical community in Lawrence County, Tennessee established in 1884. The name was changed to Springer's Station when the railroad was extended to the community.
# Kuh Dim-e Pain

Kuh Dim-e Pain (Persian: كوه ديم پائين, also Romanized as Kūh Dīm-e Pā’īn; also known as Kūh Dem) is a village in Polan Rural District, Polan District, Chabahar County, Sistan and Baluchestan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 246 spread in 38 families.