OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Soča, Bovec

Soča (pronounced, Italian: Sonzia) is a dispersed settlement in the Municipality of Bovec in northwestern Slovenia.

## Geography

Soča is located on the upper Soča River in the Goriška region, the northern part of the Slovene Littoral, on the road from Bovec up to Trenta and the Vršič Pass. The territory of the village includes scattered farms on various foothills, promontories, and terraces in the narrow valley. Hamlets and farmsteads in the village include Brvca (a.k.a. Jezerca), Črč, Gorenja Soča, Lemovje, Log, Mišja Vas, Na Skali, Pod Bregom, Pod Skalo, Podklanec, Pri Kumerčih, V Klancu, Vršičem, and Vrsnik. To the northwest, the valley rises steeply to Mount Bavšica Grintavec (2,344 meters or 7,690 feet) and Little Mount Grintavec (2,277 meters or 7,470 feet). To the southeast, the valley rises more gradually to a plateau region.

## Name

The settlement is named after the Soča River. The name Soča is derived from the form *Sǫťa, which was borrowed from Latin (and Romance) Sontius. In turn, this is probably based on the substrate name *Aisontia, presumably derived from the PIE root *Hei̯s- 'swift, rushing', referring to a quickly moving river. Another possible origin is the pre-Romance root *ai̯s- 'water, river'.

## History

In antiquity the area was settled by Illyarians and Celts until the Romans conquered the area. After the fall of the Western Roman Empire it was ruled by Ostrogoths, Lombards, and Byzantines. In the 6th century South Slavs settled in the area. In the Middle Ages, the area south of the pass was ruled by the Patriarchs of Aquileia, later by the Republic of Venice and the March of Verona, until the estates were incorporated into the Inner Austrian lands under Habsburg Emperor Maximilian I in 1509.
The area was part of Italy after the First World War. It was awarded to Yugoslavia after the Second World War. During the war, the area was controlled by Slovenian Partisans after the Italian surrender. Partisan hospitals operated in the village and it came under attack from German forces stationed in Bovec.

## Church

A small church by the roadside in the village is dedicated to Saint Joseph and was built in 1718 and dedicated in 1823. In 1944 it was refurbished and painted by Tone Kralj. The refurbishment was a political statement and he included a scene of Archangel Michael fighting the Devil, in which Hitler and Mussolini are shown as enemies, fighting on the side of the Devil. He also used the Slovene national colours (red, white, and blue) in the interior and, apart from the Apostles and the Four Evangelists, used only Slavic saints in the iconography. Behind the church, the Sοča Military Cemetery is a burial ground for Austrian soldiers that died on the Isonzo front.
# Danaë (Correggio)

Danaë is a painting by the Italian Renaissance artist Correggio, executed around 1531 and now in the Galleria Borghese in Rome.

## History

The work was commissioned by the Duke of Mantua Federico II Gonzaga, as a part of a series portraying Jupiter's loves, perhaps destined to the Ovid Hall in the Palazzo Te of Mantua. After Federico's death it went to Spain.
In 1584 the painter Giovanni Paolo Lomazzo mentions the canvas in Milan, as part of sculptor Leone Leoni's collection. His son Pompeo Leoni sold it to emperor Rudolph II (1601–1603); later, together with Correggio's Leda and the Swan, it was brought from Prague to Stockholm as war booty by King Gustavus Adolphus of Sweden. His daughter Christina, after abdicating, brought the canvas with her to Rome. After her death, it was inherited by Cardinal Decio Azzolino, being subsequently owned by Livio Odescalchi, Duke of Bracciano, then by the French regent Philippe II of Orléans.
Together with most of the Orléans family collection, in 1792 it was sold to England, where it was owned by the Duke of Bridgewater and Henry Hope, until, in 1827, it was acquired in Paris by Prince Camillo Borghese for his Roman collection.

## Analysis

The painting portrays the Greek mythological figure Danaë, the daughter of Acrisius, king of Argos. After an oracle forecast that Acrisius would be killed by her son, he had her jailed in a bronze tower. However, as told by the Roman poet Ovid in his Metamorphoses, Jupiter reached her in the form of a gold rain, impregnated her, and made her mother to Perseus.
Correggio portrays Danaë lying on a bed, while a child Eros undresses her as gold rains from a cloud. At the foot of the bed, two putti are testing gold and lead arrows against a touchstone.
# Punta punta

Punta punta is a species of skipper butterfly in the family Hesperiidae. It is the only species in the monotypic genus Punta.
# Kamylle Frenette

Kamylle Frenette (born July 4, 1996) is a Canadian paratriathlete, competing in the PTS5 classification.

## Early life and education

Frenette was born with Unilateral Talipes Equinovarus, more commonly known as unilateral clubfoot. She had corrective surgery at four-months old at the IWK children's hospital in Halifax, which straightened her foot, but left her with a right foot smaller than her left and reduced mobility in her ankle.
Frenette grew up in Dieppe, New Brunswick. Her father was a triathlete. She studied biology at the Université de Moncton. She graduated from Dalhousie University in 2022 with a degree in pharmacy.

## Career

Frenette began participating in triathlons when she was 16 years old. Shortly before her 18th birthday, she competed in an Ironman in Montreal.
Frenette ran with the varsity cross-country team at the Université de Moncton, competing from 2014 to 2018. She made her international paratriathlon debut competing for Canada in 2018 after being approached by Triathlon Canada's Para head coach, Carolyn Murray, in late 2016. In the 2018 ITU Paratriathlon World Cup, Frenette won the Magog, Quebec event, placed second at the France event, and placed fourth at the Australia event. She placed second at the Para-Triathlon World Series in Edmonton. She also finished fourth at the 2019 Paratriathlon World Championships.
In 2021, she placed second at the Americas Triathlon Para Championships in Pleasant Prairie and third at the World Triathlon Para Cup in A Coruna. In her Paralympic debut at Tokyo 2020, Frenette placed fourth in the women's PTS5. In the 2022 World Triathlon Para Cups, Frenette placed third at the Besançon and A Corona events, second at the World Triathlon Para Series Montreal, and then third at the 2022 World Triathlon Grand Finals in Abu Dhabi in the women's PTS5. She won the Montreal event in her classification at the World Triathlon Para Series in 2022.
The 2023 World Triathlon Para Cup in Paris was changed to a duathlon due to concerns about water quality. Frentte placed third in the duathlon. In the Montreal event on the 2024 World Triathlon Series Para circuit, Frenette won the PTS5 in one hour, seven minutes and 59 seconds. She also placed second at the Swansea event on the circuit in the women's standing PTS 5.
Frenette was ranked fourth in the world heading into the 2024 Summer Paralympics. She placed fourth in the women's PTS5. She was fourth out of the water, and sixth out of the bike into the run, finishing 3:05 behind the bronze medalist.
# Vogüé

Vogüé (French pronunciation:; Occitan: Vogüer) is a commune in the Ardèche department in southern France. It is a member of Les Plus Beaux Villages de France (The Most Beautiful Villages of France) Association.

## Geography

Vogüé is located along the banks of the river Ardèche.
# Rachel Naomi Remen

Rachel Naomi Remen (born February 8, 1938, New York, New York) is a pediatrician who gained fame as an author and teacher of alternative medicine in the form of integrative medicine. She is a professor at the Osher Center of Integrative Medicine at the University of California, San Francisco. Together with Michael Lerner, she is a founder of the Commonweal Cancer Help Program, a cornerstone program at Commonweal. She is the founder of the Institute for the Study of Health & Illness. She has been featured on the PBS television series, Thinking Allowed.
Remen's most well-known books include Kitchen Table Wisdom and My Grandfather's Blessing, both of which made The New York Times Best Seller list. Kitchen Table Wisdom has been translated into 21 languages, and has sold over 700,000 copies worldwide. She is also the founder of a medical student curriculum called "The Healer's Art" used in medical schools throughout the United States.
# Inape eparmuncus

Inape eparmuncus is a species of moth of the family Tortricidae. It is endemic to Ecuador (Zamora-Chinchipe Province).
# Apostolic Vicariate of Puerto Carreño

The Vicariate Apostolic of Puerto Carreño (Latin: Apostolicus Vicariatus Portus Carreniensis) in the Catholic Church is located in the city of Puerto Carreño in Colombia.

## History

On 22 December 1999 Blessed John Paul II established the Vicariate Apostolic of Puerto Carreño when the Prefecture Apostolic of Vichada was suppressed.

## Ordinaries

* Alvaro Efrén Rincón Rojas, C.Ss.R. (22 Dec 1999 – 10 Jun 2010) Resigned
* Francisco Antonio Ceballos Escobar, C.Ss.R. (10 Jun 2010 – 22 Apr 2020) Appointed Bishop of Riohacha
# Stanislav Svoboda (cyclist)

Stanislav Svoboda (9 October 1930 – 4 May 1967) was a Czech cyclist. He competed in the individual and team road race events at the 1952 Summer Olympics.
# Kozjak, Trebnje

Kozjak (pronounced, sometimes Kozjek, German: Kosiek) is a former village in eastern Slovenia in the Municipality of Trebnje. Since 1955 it has been part of the village of Dolenje Selce. It is located in the traditional region of Lower Carniola and is now included in the Southeast Slovenia Statistical Region.

## Geography

Kozjak is located southwest of the village center of Dolenje Selce. It is connected by road to Gorenje Kamenje pri Dobrniču. Kozjek Hill (elevation: 456 meters or 1,496 feet) rises northwest of the settlement.

## Name

The name Kozjak appears in several locations in Slovenia. It is derived from the common noun koza 'goat', but the motivation is unclear; it may refer to goats that grazed in the area, or the resemblance of a local topographical feature to a goat's back.

## History

On the summit of Kozjek Hill there are the ruins of a castle; it was mentioned in written documents in 1274 and it still stood in the 17th century, when it was acquired by the Auersperg family. The Counts of Saurer, who shielded Protestants during the Reformation, were among the earlier owners of the castle. Josip Jurčič's 1864 story Jurij Kozjak, slovenski janičar (Jurij Kozjak, a Slovene Janissary) is connected with the location.
Kozjak was annexed by Dolenje Selce in 1955, ending its existence as a separate settlement.
# Nasirnagar Upazila

Nasirnagar (Bengali: নাসিরনগর) is an upazila of Brahmanbaria District in Chattogram Division, Bangladesh.

## Geography

Nasirnagar is located at 24°12′25″N 91°12′35″E﻿ / ﻿24.2070°N 91.2097°E﻿ / 24.2070; 91.2097. It has 59,024 households and a total area of 311.66 km$^2$.

## Demographics

Religions in Nasirnagar Upazila (2022) :
| Religion | Religion | Percent | Percent |
| Islam | Islam | 84.86% | 84.86% |
| Hinduism | Hinduism | 15.13% | 15.13% |
| Other or not stated | Other or not stated | 0.01% | 0.01% |
According to the 2011 Census of Bangladesh, Nasirnagar Upazila had 59,024 households and a population of 309,011. 99,239 (32.12%) were under 10 years of age. Nasirnagar had a literacy rate (age 7 and over) of 34.92%, compared to the national average of 51.8%, and a sex ratio of 1052 females per 1000 males. 14,928 (4.83%) lived in urban areas.
According to the 1991 Bangladesh census, Nasirnagar had a population of 234,090. Males constituted 50.45% of the population, and females 49.55%. The population aged 18 or over was 114,601. Nasirnagar had an average literacy rate of 19.3% (7+ years), against the national average of 32.4%.

## Administration

Nasirnagar Upazila is divided into 13 union parishads: Fandauk, Burishwar, Bhalakut, Chapartala, Chatalpar, Dharmondol, Goalnagar, Gokarna, Goniauk, Haripur, Kunda, Nasirnagar, and Purbabhag. The union parishads are subdivided into 96 mauzas and 128 villages.
Chairman: Roma Akter
Vice Chairman: Abu Ahmad Kamrul Huda
Woman Vice Chairman: Rita Akhtar
Upazila Nirbahi Officer (UNO): Muhammad Imranul Haque
# Sebastian Kollar

Sebastian Kollar (born 23 February 1987) is a Swiss former professional footballer who played as defensive midfielder. He was part of the 2006–07 Swiss Championship winning team. He moved to FC Wil on 4 April 2008.
# Howard J. Ehrlich

Howard J. Ehrlich (1932–2015) was a sociologist, educator, and author.

## Early life and career

Howard J. Ehrlich was born and raised in New York City. He later graduated from Columbus, Ohio, public schools. He studied sociology at Ohio State University and received a bachelor's in 1953 and a master's in 1955. He completed his Ph.D. in Sociology and anthropology at Michigan State University in 1959.
He joined the University of Iowa faculty for six years beginning in 1965. Ehrlich moved to Charles Village, Baltimore, in 1971. He hosted a radio program on WBJC for 20 years and started Research Group One, a publisher of pamphlets. In the 1980s, he began editing Social Anarchism and opened the alternative Baltimore School. Ehrlich worked as research director of the University of Baltimore's National Institute Against Prejudice and Violence from 1986 to 1993, when it closed. He continued the institute's work with his own Prejudice Institute through the end of his life. Ehrlich died in Baltimore on February 2, 2015, of Parkinson's and cardiac disease.
Ehrlich published eight books including Hate Crime and Ethnoviolence (2009) and The Best of Social Anarchism (2013).

## Personal life

Ehrlich was married twice. His second marriage was with Patricia Webbink. They raised her son together.
# Ethumai Methumai

Ethumai Methumai (Sinhala: එතුමයි මෙතුමයි) is a 2011 Sri Lankan Sinhala comedy film directed by Nishantha Weerasingha and produced by Upul Jayasinghe for Nilwala Films. It stars Rodney Warnakula, Priyantha Seneviratne and Anarkali Akarsha in lead roles along with Duleeka Marapana and Anton Jude. Music composed by George Senanayake. It is the 1165th Sri Lankan film in the Sinhala cinema.

## Cast

* Rodney Warnakula as Bothal Sira
* Priyantha Seneviratne as Kusumsiri
* Anarkali Akarsha as Teena
* Duleeka Marapana as Kusumsiri's wife
* Ananda Wickramage as Silva
* Anton Jude as Andapala, Sira's thug friend
* Mahinda Pathirage as Tyson
* Susila Kottage as Fishing lady
* Ronnie Leitch as Chinese doctor
* Hemantha Iriyagama as Hospital security officer
* Shehara Hewaduwa as Thanuja, Kusumsiri's mistress
* Ruwan Wasantha
* Chalani Balasuriya
* Ruwangi Rathnayake as Nurse
* D.B. Gangodathenna as Ladder house man
* Nishantha Muthuhettigamage in cameo role
# Maranhão slider

The Maranhão slider (Trachemys adiutrix), also commonly known as the Brazilian slider, or Carvalho's slider, is a species of turtle in the family Emydidae.

## Geographic range

Trachemys adiutrix is endemic to northeastern Brazil. One of its English common names refers to the Brazilian state of Maranhão, but it also occurs in the Brazilian state of Piauí.

## Etymology

The specific name, adiutrix, which is Latin feminine for "helper", comes in honor of Dr. Maria do Socorro Pinheiro, field companion of Vanzolini. Her surname, Socorro, means "help" in Portuguese.
The eponym, Carvalho's slider, is in honor of Brazilian herpetologist Antenor Leitão de Carvalho.

## Taxonomy

T. adiutrix is sometimes considered a subspecies of T. dorbigni as T. dorbigni adiutrix, which may have been introduced.
# Oenopota pingelii

Oenopota pingelii is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Mangeliidae.

## Description

The length of the shell varies between 10 mm and 13 mm.
The slender shell has an elongated spire, and moderately convex whorls. It shows numerous longitudinal, rather straight ribs, excurved above, and strong, elevated spiral lines, forming nodules where they cross the ribs. Its color is pale chestnut-brown, with the siphonal canal and the columella whitish.

## Distribution

This species occurs in European waters, the Northwest Atlantic Ocean (Norway, Greenland) and the Gulf of Maine.; also in the Okhotsk Sea.
# Sihora Assembly constituency

Sihora is one of the 230 constituencies of the Madhya Pradesh Legislative Assembly, in Madhya Pradesh state in central India. It comprises Kundam tehsil and Sihora tehsil, both in Jabalpur district. As of 2023, its representative is Santosh Varkade of the Bharatiya Janata Party.

## Members of the Legislative Assembly

| Year | Member | Party |
| 2008 | Nandni Maravi | Bharatiya Janata Party |
| 2013 | Nandni Maravi | Bharatiya Janata Party |
| 2018 | Nandni Maravi | Bharatiya Janata Party |
| 2023 | Santosh Varkade | Bharatiya Janata Party |

## Election results
### 2018

2018 Madhya Pradesh Legislative Assembly election: Sihora :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes |
| | BJP | Nandni Maravi | |
| | NOTA | None of the Above | |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | |
| | BJP hold | BJP hold | Swing |
# Urf

ʿUrf (Arabic: العرف) is an Arabic Islamic term referring to the custom, or 'knowledge', of a given society. To be recognized in an Islamic society, ʿurf must be compatible with Sharia. When applied, it can lead to the deprecation or inoperability of a certain aspect of fiqh (Islamic jurisprudence).
ʿUrf is a source of Islamic legal rulings where there are not explicit primary texts of the Qur'an and Sunnah specifying the ruling. ʿUrf can also specify something generally established in the primary texts.

## Overview
### Terminology

The term 'ʿurf', meaning "to know", refers to the customs and practices of a given society.

### History

ʿUrf was first recognized by Abū Yūsuf (d. 182/798), an early leader of the Ḥanafī school, though it was considered part of the sunnah, and not as formal source. Later al-Sarak̲h̲sī (d. 483/1090) opposed it, holding that custom cannot prevail over a written text.

### Scriptural basis

The "maxim" that custom is an authoritative source for Islamic law "appears in the Quran and Hadith". One hadith narrated by Ibn Mas'ud stated 'Whatever the Muslim saw as good is [considered] good by God, and whatever the Muslim saw as evil is evil according to God.'"

## Sharia

Although this was not formally included in Islamic law, the Sharia recognizes customs that prevailed at the time of Muhammad but were not abrogated by the Qur'an or the Sunnah (called "Divine silence" ***sunnah is not "divine silence"). Practices later innovated are also justified, since Islamic tradition says what the people, in general, consider good is also considered as such by Allah (see God in Islam). According to some sources, ʿurf holds as much authority as 'ijma (consensus), and more than qiyas (legal reasoning by analogy). ʿUrf is the Islamic equivalent of "common law".
In the application of ʿurf, custom that is accepted into law should be commonly prevalent in the region, not merely in an isolated locality. If it is in absolute opposition to Islamic texts, custom is disregarded. However, if it is in opposition to qiyas, custom is given preference. Jurists also tend to, with caution, give precedence to custom over doctoral opinions of highly esteemed scholars.
In some countries such as Egypt, marriage, the ʿurfi way, refers to a form of common law marriage that does not involve obtaining official papers issued by the state (زواج عرفي Zawāj ʿUrfi). The validity of that type of marriage is still under debate, and women may have fewer rights than under an officially-registered marriage.
# Meykushkan

Meykushkan (Persian: مي كوش كان, also Romanized as Meykūshkān) is a village in Zaz-e Sharqi Rural District, Zaz va Mahru District, Aligudarz County, Lorestan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 73, in 13 families.
# AOLserver

AOLserver is AOL's open source web server. AOLserver is multithreaded, Tcl-enabled, and used for large scale, dynamic web sites.
AOLserver is distributed under the Mozilla Public License.
AOLserver was originally developed by NaviSoft under the name "NaviServer", but changed names when AOL bought the company in 1995. Philip Greenspun convinced America Online to open-source the program in 1999.
AOLserver was the first HTTP server program to combine multithreading, a built-in scripting language, and the pooling of persistent database connections. For database-backed Web sites, this enabled performance improvements of 100× compared to the standard practices at the time of CGI scripts that opened fresh database connections on every page load. Eventually other HTTP server programs were able to achieve similar performance with a similar architecture.
AOLserver is a key component in the Open Architecture Community System (OpenACS) which is an advanced open-source toolkit for developing web applications.
In September 2007, a port of AOLserver for the iPhone was made available and later forked under the name "Joggame Server". This fork is described on its SourceForge project page as being a spin-off of AOLserver for devices.
NaviServer (also hosted on SourceForge) is a fork of AOLserver.
# Simon Werro

Simon Werro (born 9 December 1989) is a Swiss slalom canoeist who has competed since 2010. Together with his younger brother Lukas he placed ninth in the slalom doubles (C2) event at the 2016 Summer Olympics in Rio de Janeiro.
# Napoleon of India

Napoleon of India can refer to the following individuals:
* Samudra Gupta (335–375)
* Rajendra I (1014–1044) "Napoleon of South India" (and South East Asia)
* Gangeyadeva (1010–1041) "Napoleon of West India"
* Hemu (1501–1556) "Napoleon of Medieval India"
* Shivaji (1640-1680)
* Yashwantrao Holkar (1776–1811)
* Maharaja Ranjeet Singh (1799–1839)
* General Zorawar Singh (1786–1841) "Little Napoleon of India"
* Chilarai (1510–1571)
# Slaviša Dugić

Slaviša Dugić (Serbian Cyrillic: Славиша Дугић; born 17 January 1985) is a Swiss professional football player of Bosnian Serb descent.

## Background

He had played for Swiss teams SC Kriens, FC Servette, FC Aarau, Italian Catania Calcio, Yverdon-Sport FC, FC Wohlen, SC Buochs, Bosnian FK Modriča and Aris Limassol F.C., Ethnikos Achna FC and Othellos Athienou F.C. from Cyprus. He is a former youth international and was in the Swiss U-17 squad that won the 2002 U-17 European Championships.

## Honours
### Switzerland

* UEFA U-17 European Champion (1): 2002

### FK Modriča Maxima

* Premier League of Bosnia and Herzegovina (1): 2007–08

### Aris Limassol

* Cypriot Second Division Topscorer: 2008–09

## External sources

* Slaviša Dugić at fussballdaten.de (in German)
* Modriča players profiles at Modriča official site.
# Chatha (disambiguation)

Chatha may refers to:

## Given names

Chatha (clan) dynamically hold favourable position in broader Chauhan-household accompanied by Cheema subset, habitually described as one of the living descendants in the direct bloodline of Prithviraj grandson.

## Places

Chatha is a village in Batala in Gurdaspur district of Punjab State, India.

## Persons

Chatha may also refer to:
* Akmal Saif Chatha (born 1973), Pakistani politician
* A clan of Jats