OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Conjoint tendon

also known as superior tendon of abdominal cavity.
The conjoint tendon (previously known as the inguinal aponeurotic falx) is a sheath of connective tissue formed from the lower part of the common aponeurosis of the abdominal internal oblique muscle and the transversus abdominis muscle, joining the muscle to the pelvis. It forms the medial part of the posterior wall of the inguinal canal.

## Structure

The conjoint tendon is formed from the lower part of the common aponeurosis of the abdominal internal oblique muscle and the transversus abdominis muscle. It inserts into the pubic crest and the pectineal line immediately behind the superficial inguinal ring. It is usually conjoint with the tendon of the internal oblique muscle, but they may be separate as well. It forms the medial part of the posterior wall of the inguinal canal.

## Clinical significance

The conjoint tendon serves to protect what would otherwise be a weak point in the abdominal wall. A weakening of the conjoint tendon can precipitate a direct inguinal hernia.
A direct inguinal hernia will protrude through Hesselbach's triangle, whose borders are the rectus abdominis (medially), inferior epigastric artery and inferior epigastric vein (superolaterally), and the inguinal ligament (inferiorly). The hernia lies medial to the inferior epigastric artery. This is in contrast to an indirect inguinal hernia, which will protrude laterally to the inferior epigastric artery and is most commonly due to an embryological defect in the closure of the deep inguinal ring.

## History

The conjoint tendon is also known as the inguinal aponeurotic falx, and Henle's ligament.

## Additional images

* Anterior abdominal wall. Intermediate dissection. Anterior view
# Langlade Island

Langlade Island, also referred to by foreigners as "Little Miquelon", is an island of the French overseas collectivity of Saint-Pierre and Miquelon and forms the southern part of the commune of Miquelon-Langlade.
In the North Atlantic, lying just to the west of Newfoundland's Burin Peninsula, Langlade covers a total of 35 square miles (91 km²) and is linked to Miquelon Island by an 8-mile (12 km) sandy isthmus called La Dune which was formed in the late 18th century.
Some 3 mi (4.8 km) west of Saint Pierre Island, Langlade is an ancient peneplain drained by numerous short rivers, including the Belle, the largest, which flows to the northwest. The coast of Langlade is lined with steep cliffs, except to the northwest.
At Anse du Gouvernement, as of 2024, there is a bar, a ferry station, a grocery store, a health care point, a restaurant, a Roman Catholic chapel, and the Centre de vacances de Langlade summer camp.
Langlade's only year-round inhabitant, Charles Lafitte, died in 2006, having lived there as a hermit for many years with his dogs. However, Langlade is a summer retreat for many inhabitants of Saint-Pierre. In the summer, its population can swell to more than one thousand.
# Crossings (TV series)

Crossings is a Malaysia dark comedy television drama that consisted of 13 episodes.

## Plot

Bob works as a copywriter in an advertising agency where he is constantly heckled by his demanding boss, Ms Merlin, gets bullied and made the butt of jokes by the receptionist and office queen, Anthony, and mercilessly used and played out by the manipulative office beauty, Brenda. The pudgy Bob is a pushover and doesn't have much going for him. In short, Bob is a loser. Until one day, Bob gets into a freak accident. He ends up being able to see dead souls in his reflections. Bob slowly learns to adapt to his ability and learns that he is a hero in his own way after all. He attempts to help the souls find peace. In helping the lost souls seek the closure they need to move on, Bob inadvertently helps the living they left behind to do the same.
Bob comes across a bumbling simple-minded man at first. However he has an underlying charm and lovability in his forgiving nature and eagerness to help others, making viewers root for this unlikely hero. He is later befriended by Katie, the tomboyish and street-smart filmmaker, who joins his company. In their first attempt to get rid of Bob's first ghost, the duo gets to know Danny, the boyish geek who invents contraptions he thinks can detect the supernatural. The unlikely trio ends up being good friends and goes on to have adventures of the supernatural kind. In their attempts to help out Bob's ghosts, they inadvertently get into numerous comic situations. An unknown hooded figure and cryptic notes make a recurring appearance every time Bob is on the job, adding to the mystery and suspense aspect of the series.

## Cast

* Zakizamani Osman as Bob Boroi, an advertising agency copywriter.
* Dira Abu Zahar as Katie, a filmmaker.
* Hansen Lee as Danny, the boyish inventor.
* Nina Sharil Khan as Mrs Merlin, the boss of the advertising agency.
* Xavier Fong as Anthony, the receptionist from the advertising agency.
* Ruzana Ibrahim as Brenda, a manipulative office beauty who works at the advertising agency.
* Craig Fong as Corporal Kanada, a Japanese soldier who has gone AWOL from the Japanese Army in WW2.
* Indi Nadarajah
* Colin Kirton
* Ako Mustapha
* Yvonne Sim
* Chew Kin Wah
* James Lim
* Alan Yun
* Julia Ziegler
* Mustapha Kamal
* Prem of Mix FM
# Friden, Inc.

Friden Calculating Machine Company (Friden, Inc.) was an American manufacturer of typewriters and mechanical, later electronic calculators. It was founded by Carl Friden in San Leandro, California, in 1934.

## History

In 1957, Friden purchased the Commercial Controls Corporation of Rochester, New York. This gave them the Flexowriter teleprinter, an electric typewriter capable of being used as part of unit record equipment developed in World War II for the Department of the Navy to automatically type "regret to inform you" letters to the survivors of fallen servicemen, the predecessor to modern computers. The Flexowriter could be attached to Friden calculators and driven by paper tape to produce bills and other form letters which had names of customers and amounts of bills filled in automatically. Friden eventually expanded into production of a few models of early transistorized computers.
Friden introduced the first fully transistorized desktop electronic calculator, the model EC-130 in June 1963, designed by Robert "Bob" Appleby Ragen. This machine had a 13-digit capacity and a 5-inch CRT display. It used a magnetostrictive delay-line memory, to save money on expensive transistors. The EC-130 sold for $2,200 (equivalent to $21,900 in 2023), or about three times the price of comparable electromechanical calculators of the time. It was the first calculator to use reverse Polish notation (RPN), which eliminated the need for parentheses to specify the order of operations in complex calculations. The successor model EC-132, introduced in April 1965, added a square root function.
In 1965 the company was purchased by Singer Business Machines, part of Singer Corporation, but continued operation under the Friden brand name until 1974.
The Singer – Friden Research Center in Oakland, California, later moved to Palo Alto, California (1965 to 1970), was unable to develop a pocket-sized calculator to compete with the corresponding new Japanese products, such as the Busicom, based on Intel 4004 in 1971, Casio Mini and Sharp EL-805 in 1972.

## In popular culture

An early Friden electromechanical calculator is shown operating in closeup in the 1949 British film The Small Back Room.
Friden calculators, with their hypnotic mechanical movements, populate the hundreds of desks in the office of the imaginary "Consolidated Life" insurance company in the 1960 motion picture The Apartment.
# Rebecca Camilleri

Rebecca Camilleri (born 6 July 1985) is a Maltese athlete specialising in the long jump and sprinting events. She represented her country at the World Indoor Championships, as well as two Commonwealth Games. In addition, she won multiple medals at the Games of the Small States of Europe.

## Competition record

| Year | Competition | Venue | Position | Event | Notes |
| Representing Malta ||||||
| 2003 | Games of the Small States of Europe | Marsa, Malta | 3rd | Long jump | 5.86 m |
| 2003 | European Junior Championships | Tampere, Finland | 9th | Long jump | 5.64 m |
| 2005 | Games of the Small States of Europe | Andorra la Vella, Andorra | 2nd | Long jump | 5.94 m |
| 2005 | European U23 Championships | Erfurt, Germany | 10th | Long jump | 5.68 m |
| 2010 | European Championships | Barcelona, Spain | 24th (q) | Long jump | 5.93 m |
| 2010 | Commonwealth Games | Delhi, India | 13th (q) | Long jump | 5.95 m |
| 2011 | Games of the Small States of Europe | Schaan, Liechtenstein | 1st | 4 × 100 m relay | 46.30 s |
| 2011 | Games of the Small States of Europe | Schaan, Liechtenstein | 2nd | Long jump | 6.21 m |
| 2012 | World Indoor Championships | Istanbul, Turkey | 36th (h) | 60 m | 7.68 s |
| 2013 | European Indoor Championships | Gothenburg, Sweden | 23rd (h) | 60 m | 7.74 s |
| 2013 | Games of the Small States of Europe | Luxembourg, Luxembourg | 7th (h) | 100 m | 12.26 s |
| 2013 | Games of the Small States of Europe | Luxembourg, Luxembourg | – | 4 × 100 m relay | DQ |
| 2013 | Games of the Small States of Europe | Luxembourg, Luxembourg | 4th | Long jump | 5.82 m |
| 2014 | Commonwealth Games | Glasgow, United Kingdom | 11th (h) | 4 × 100 m relay | 46.75 s |
| 2014 | Commonwealth Games | Glasgow, United Kingdom | 9th | Long jump | 6.23 m |
| 2014 | European Championships | Zürich, Switzerland | 22nd (q) | Long jump | 6.17 m |
| 2015 | Games of the Small States of Europe | Reykjavík, Iceland | 2nd | Long jump | 6.15 m |

## Personal bests

Outdoor
* 100 metres – 12.04 (0.0 m/s) (Marsa, Malta 2013)
* Long jump – 6.41 (+0.5 m/s) (Marsa 2014)
Indoor
* 60 metres – 7.68 (Istanbul 2012)
* Long jump – 6.08 (Padova 2015)
# Yantal

Yantal (Russian: Янталь) is an urban locality (an urban-type settlement) in Ust-Kutsky District of Irkutsk Oblast, Russia. Population: 1,792 (2010 Census); 2,446 (2002 Census);
# Kalateh-ye Qazi

Kalateh-ye Qazi (Persian: كلاته قاضي, also Romanized as Kalāteh-ye Qāẕī) is a village in Tabadkan Rural District, in the Central District of Mashhad County, Razavi Khorasan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 65, in 16 families.
# Dotternhausen

Dotternhausen is a municipality in the Zollernalbkreis district, in Baden-Württemberg, Germany.

## History

Dotternhausen became a possession of the Kingdom of Württemberg in 1805 and was assigned to Oberamt Balingen [de]. In 1810, it was reassigned to Oberamt Spaichingen [de] and then to Oberamt Rottweil [de] in 1842. That district was dissolved in 1938, so Dotternhausen was again reassigned, this time to the newly created Landkreis Balingen [de]. Dotternhausen began period of steady growth after World War II, particularly in the 1950s and 1960s. In 1973, when Baden-Württemberg reorganized its administrative geography [de], and Dotternhausen was assigned to the new district of Zollernalb.

## Geography

The municipality (Gemeinde) of Dotternhausen covers 10 square kilometers (3.9 sq mi) of the Zollernalb district of Baden-Württemberg, one of the 16 States of the Federal Republic of Germany. It is physically located along the edge of the Swabian Jura, with the town of Dotternhausen at the foot of the Plettenberg. The primary watercourses in the municipal area are the Schlichem, which forms its southern border, and the Katzenbach, which flows into the Eyach near Balingen. Elevation above sea level in the municipality ranges from a low of 579 meters (1,900 ft) Normalnull (NN) to a high of 1,002 meters (3,287 ft) NN at the top of the Plettenberg.
A portion of the Federally-protected Plettenkeller [de] nature reserve is located in Dotternhausen's municipal area.

## Coat of arms

Dotternhausen's coat of arms displays a stag in yellow, posed and facing left, over a field of blue. This pattern was used by the Lords of Dotternhausen Castle [de], but the blue-yellow tincture was an addition by the municipal government. The coat of arms was approved by the Reichsstatthalter of Württemberg on 20 December 1938.

## Transportation

Dotternhausen is connected to Germany's network of Federal highways by Bundesstraße 27. Local rail traffic is made up entirely of freight trains.
# Council of Protestants in Guiding and Scouting

The Council of Protestants in Guiding and Scouting (CPGS) is an autonomous, international body committed to promoting and supporting Protestant Scout and Guide associations and to be a link between the Scout movement and Protestant churches based on the definition of the World Council of Churches (WCC).
It enjoys consultative status with the World Scout Committee and forms the World Scout Inter-religious Forum (WSIF) together with the International Link of Orthodox Christian Scouts, International Catholic Conference of Scouting, International Union of Muslim Scouts, International Forum of Jewish Scouts, Won-Buddhism Scout and World Buddhist Scout Brotherhood.

## History

The CPGS was founded as Conference on Christianity in Guiding and Scouting (CCGS) in 1965. In 2006, it was renamed to Council of Protestants in Guiding and Scouting reflecting a change of policy within the World Organization of the Scout Movement.

## Members

The members of the CPGS are:
* Argentina: Scouts de Argentina, Comisión Pastoral Scout Cristiano Evangélica
* Benin: Scoutisme Béninois
* Brazil: União dos Escoteiros do Brasil (observer)
* Cameroon: Les Scouts du Cameroun
* Democratic Republic of the Congo: Fédération des Scouts de la République démocratique du Congo (observer)
* Finland: Suomen Partiolaiset - Finlands Scouter ry
* France: Eclaireuses et Eclaireurs Unionistes de France
* Gabon: Éclaireuses et Éclaireurs Unionistes Unionistes du Gabon
* Germany: Verband Christlicher Pfadfinderinnen und Pfadfinder
* Guinea: Association Nationale des Scouts de Guinée
* Guinea-Bissau: Escuteiros da Guiné-Bissau
* Hungary: ICHTHÜSZ – Protestant unit of the Hungarian Scout Association
* Ivory Coast:
** Éclaireuses et Éclaireurs Unionistes de Côte d'Ivoire
** Éclaireuses et Éclaireurs Evangéliques de Côte d’Ivoire
** Éclaireuses et Éclaireurs de Côte d'Ivoire (associate member)
** Fédération Ivoirienne du Scoutisme (observer)
* Madagascar:
** Tily eto Madagasikara (observer)
** Firaisan'ny Skotisma eto Madagasikara (observer)
# Fahlian Rural District

Fahlian Rural District (Persian: دهستان فهليان) is in the Central District of Mamasani County, Fars province, Iran. Its capital is the village of Fahlian.

## Demographics
### Population

At the time of the 2006 National Census, the rural district's population was 5,163 in 1,220 households. There were 4,920 inhabitants in 1,330 households at the following census of 2011. The 2016 census measured the population of the rural district as 4,495 in 1,461 households. The most populous of its 14 villages was Fahlian-e Olya with 1,487 people.
# Alexander McCowan

Alexander McCowan (May 27, 1853 – April 17, 1939) was an Ontario farmer and political figure. He represented York East in the Legislative Assembly of Ontario from 1905 to 1913 as a Conservative member.
He was born in Scarborough Township, Canada West, the son of James W. McCowan, an immigrant from Scotland. He resigned his seat in the provincial assembly in 1913 and was appointed sheriff for York County, serving until 1934. In 1891, he married Georgina Ashbridge, from a pioneer family, residing in the eastern end of the growing city of Toronto. She died in childbirth later that year. He later married Mary Marshall in 1894. McCowan was a dairy farmer and was secretary-treasurer of the Toronto Milk Producers' Association, one of the first milk marketing organizations in Canada. He was also secretary-treasurer for the Scarboro Agricultural Society. Near his farm, the concession road (between Scarborough's Lot 22 and 23) was initially named McCowan's Road after the family, and later changed to McCowan Road, and runs through the former riding in the present cities of Toronto, and Markham.
In the 1905 Ontario general election, McCowan defeated a new Liberal candidate, Walter Scott, as incumbent and former Scarborough Township Reeve John Richardson (Ontario MPP) had resigned prior to the Election to become York County Court Clerk. Meanwhile, McCowan and 25 other Conservative MPP's became the governing party under Premier Sir James P. Whitney. He won two more elections, in 1908 and in 1911.
He resigned in 1913, to become Sheriff of York County in a role he served until his 1935 resignation. His replacement in the riding was future premier of Ontario (1930-1934) George Stewart Henry.
In retirement, he moved into the East Toronto neighbourhood of the City of Toronto, and died there in 1939. He and his family are buried in the historic St. Andrew's Scarborough Cemetery.
# Electuary

An electuary is a medicine consisting of a powder or other ingredient mixed with something sweet such as honey to make it more palatable.
In German and Swiss cultures, electuary (German: Latwerge or Latwerg) is also more generally a thickened juice and honey preparation with a thick, viscous consistency that is used in for culinary purposes, such as a (bread) spread or as a sauce ingredient.
In the Indian Ayurveda tradition, electuaries are called Lēhya (लेह्य) (literally, "lickable").

## Types

There are many different types of electuary: laxative electuary, joyful electuary etc. The fermentation of mixed herbs in honey and their effects on each other, increases medical properties already present and creates new ones.

## Famous electuary in medicine

* Chyawanprash
* Diasenna
* Mithridate
* Faroug
* Figra
* Sootira
# Kathy Jones

Kathy Louise Jones (née Sandells-Rees; born 1968) is a Welsh Anglican priest and chaplain. From January 2016 to June 2021, she was Dean of Bangor making her one of the most senior priests in the Church in Wales. Previously, she was the Lead Chaplain of the Northumbria Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust in the Diocese of Newcastle, Church of England.

## Early life and education

Jones was born Kathy Louise Sandells-Rees in 1968 in Corris, Merionethshire, Wales. As a child she would attend Holy Trinity Church, Lower Corris, with her mother; it was while there that she first felt the call to ordination. After failing her A Levels, she studied for a Business and Secretarial Diploma in Aberystwyth.
Having completed her diploma, Jones attended and passed a selection for those seeking ordination in the Church in Wales. She then studied theology at Cardiff University. In 1990, she entered Queen's College, Birmingham, an ecumenical theological college, to train for ordained ministry. She could not train at St. Michael's College, Llandaff, the Anglican theological college in Wales, because it did not have accommodation for women until later years.
Following ordination, Jones continued with her university studies. She studied theology at the University of Wales, Bangor, graduating with a Bachelor of Theology (BTh) degree in 1996. She studied at Northumbria University and completed a Postgraduate Certificate in Education (PGCE) in 2011. She studied at the University of Leeds, graduating with a Master of Arts (MA) degree in 2013.

## Ordained ministry

In 1992, Jones was ordained in the Church in Wales as a deacon during a service in Bangor Cathedral. From 1992 to 1994, she served her curacy in the Rectorial Benefice of Holyhead, Anglesey, in the Diocese of Bangor. She then moved to Bangor, Gwynedd, and, from 1994 to 1999, worked as a chaplain of Ysbyty Gwynedd (English: Gwynedd Hospital). In addition, she was a curate of the Benefice of Bangor between 1994 and 1995, and Priest-in-Charge of St. Peter's Church in the Benefice between 1995 and 1999. She was ordained as a priest in 1997.
In 1999, Jones became Vicar of the Parish of Betws y Coed, Dolwyddelan, Penmachno and Capel Curig. The parish includes St Gwyddelan's Church, Dolwyddelan, St Mary's Church, Betws-y-Coed, and St Tudclud's Church, Penmachno. She had originally believed that she would only stay in the appointment for two years and then return to chaplaincy. However, she actually spent the next seven years in parish ministry.
On 19 September 2015, Jones was announced as the next dean of Bangor. On 30 January 2016, she was installed as the 57th dean during a service in the Cathedral Church of Saint Deiniol, Bangor.
It was announced on the 2 May 2021 that Jones would be leaving her role as dean to become a family support leader at a hospice in Staffordshire.
# The Police Commissioner

The Police Commissioner (Italian: Il commissario) is a 1962 Italian comedy film directed by Luigi Comencini.

## Cast

* Alberto Sordi as Vice Commissioner Dante Lombardozzi
* Franca Tamantini as Marisa Santarelli
* Alessandro Cutolo as Police Commissioner
* Alfredo Leggi as Armando Provetti
* Mino Doro as Colonel Menotti Di Pietro
* Franco Scandurra as Matarazzo
* Aldo Bufi Landi as Ettore Gargiulo
* Angela Portaluri as Maria De Santis
* Carlo Bagno as Dr. Longo
* Ennio Balbo as The Guest Speaker
# Mala Dolina

Mala Dolina (pronounced; German: Kleindolina) is a small settlement in the Municipality of Brežice in eastern Slovenia. The area is part of the traditional region of Lower Carniola. It is now included in the Lower Sava Statistical Region.
# Maria Vorontsova (botanist)

Maria Sergeevna Vorontsova (Russian: Мария Сергеевна Воронцова; born 1979) is a Russian-born botanist, specializing in the taxonomy of Poaceae (grasses). She was responsible for authoring the taxon for Solanum agnewiorum and Solanum umtuma. She is a member of the Accelerated Taxonomy department at Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. She is one of the co-authors and maintainers of GrassBase, and is an editor of the journal, Phytotaxa.
In 2010, she identified a new species of Africa spiny aubergine, Solanum ruvu, which had been collected only once in the wild ten years earlier. A subsequent expedition failed to locate it, and it is now believed to be extinct due to deforestation.

## Publications

* Lundgren, Marjorie R.; Besnard, Guillaume; Ripley, Brad S.; Lehmann, Caroline E. R.; Chatelet, David S.; Kynast, Ralf G.; Namaganda, Mary; Vorontsova, Maria S.; Hall, Russell C.; Elia, John; Osborne, Colin P.; Christin, Pascal-Antoine (October 2015). "Photosynthetic innovation broadens the niche within a single species" (PDF). Ecology Letters. 18 (10): 1021–1029. Bibcode:2015EcolL..18.1021L. doi:10.1111/ele.12484. PMID 26248677.
* Vorontsova, Maria S.; Christenhusz, Maarten J. M.; Kirika, Paul; Muthoka, Patrick (1 December 2010). "Three New Species of Solanum from Kenya: Using Herbarium Specimens to Document Environmental Change". Systematic Botany. 35 (4): 894–906. doi:10.1600/036364410X539943. S2CID 85397166.
* Vorontsova, Maria A.; Clayton, Derek; Simon, Bryan K. (15 April 2015). "Grassroots e-floras in the Poaceae: growing GrassBase and GrassWorld". PhytoKeys (48): 73–84. doi:10.3897/phytokeys.48.7159. PMC 4408733. PMID 25941449.
* Trias-Blasi, Anna; Vorontsova, Maria (May 2015). "Plant identification is key to conservation". Nature. 521 (7551): 161. doi:10.1038/521161c. PMID 25971502. S2CID 4448411.
# Shosse Entuziastov (Moscow Metro)

Shosse Entuziastov (Russian: Шоссе Энтузиастов) is a Moscow Metro station on the Kalininsko-Solntsevskaya Line. It is located between Aviamotornaya and Perovo stations.
The station is named after the Entuziastov Highway, under which it is located. The design theme of the station is the struggle for freedom during Russia's history. Shosse Entuziastov station is decorated in various colours and shades of marble, with colours ranging from dark grey to yellow. Sculptures and pictures relating to revolutionary subjects adorn the walls. On the western end of the central hall there is a large sculpture — "Flame of Freedom" — designed by A. Kuznetsov.
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