OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Lindsay Irvine

Air Vice-Marshal Lindsay John Irvine, CB, FRAeS is a British barrister and former senior Royal Air Force officer. He was Director of Legal Services (RAF) and the head of the RAF Legal Branch from April 2009 to April 2017.

## Early life

Irvine attended Robert Gordon's College Aberdeen from 1971 to 1977. He studied Classics at University College, University of Oxford. He graduated in 1981 with a Bachelor of Arts (BA) degree, which was later promoted to a Master of Arts (MA (Oxon)) degree. He subsequently studied law at City University London and was called to the bar, thereby becoming a qualified barrister.

## Military career

Having completed officer training at RAF College Cranwell, Irvine was commissioned into the Legal Branch, Royal Air Force, on 3 February 1986 as a flight lieutenant. On 21 July 1988, he transferred from a short service commission to a permanent commission. He was promoted to squadron leader on 5 November 1989, and to wing commander on 5 November 1995. As part of the half yearly promotions, he was promoted to group captain on 1 January 2000, and to air commodore on 1 January 2003.
On 9 April 2009, he was promoted to air vice-marshal and appointed Director of Legal Services (RAF), head of the RAF Legal Branch. He attained a light aircraft flying qualification in 1988 and maintained flying currency throughout his military career. Whilst attending the Royal College of Defence Studies in 2006, he was awarded a Master of Arts (MA) with Distinction in International Politics from King's College London. He was awarded an honorary Doctor of Laws from City, University of London in February 2017.

## Controversy

Air Vice Marshal Irvine was the subject of criticism for his legal advice provided to the Board of Inquiry in the Mull of Kintyre Chinook helicopter crash in 1994 (see Mull of Kintyre Review page 52 paragraph 4.4.11 - https://web.archive.org/web/20110725050734/http://www.mullofkintyrereview.org.uk/sites/default/files/Mull%20of%20Kintyre%20Review%20Report.pdf).
"In our view the legal advice afforded to Air Chief Marshal Day was unclear and inaccurate insofar as it failed to recognise the objective nature of the test, placed no restriction on the power of the higher authority to make a finding different from that made by the Board, and introduced reference to RAF policy. The reference to policy can be interpreted as an assertion that the standard of proof meant what the RAF wanted it to mean. That is manifestly incorrect and in conflict with the intention of paragraph 9. The consequence is that Air Chief Marshal Day and Air Chief Marshal Wratten misdirected themselves in relation to the standard of proof."

## Honours and decorations

In the 2014 New Year Honours, Irvine was appointed Companion of the Order of the Bath (CB).
# Haider Qureshi

Haider Qureshi (Urdu: حیدر قر یشی ), Qureshi Ghulam Haider Arshad (Urdu: قر یشی غلا م حیدر ارشد ) born on 1 September 1953 in Rabwah, Punjab, is a Pakistani Urdu poet, short story writer, essayist, critic, editor and journalist. He writes in Urdu.

## Personal life

Haider Qureshi was born in Rabwah, Chiniot District, Punjab, Pakistan. He belongs to a Siraiki-speaking family. His father Qureshi Ghulam Sarwar was from Khanpur, Rahim Yar Khan. Haider Qureshi began writing verses at the age of 18. After passing his secondary level in 1968, he started working at a sugar mill. In the same year, he wrote his first romantic story. He wrote his first ghazal in 1971 soon after his marriage. Later he obtained his Master of Arts (M.A.) in Urdu literature in 1974. Haider Qureshi moved to Germany in 1994, and continues to live there. He is now a German national.

## Literary career

Qureshi was an active member of literary circles in Khanpur. His six publications are related to anthologies of ghazal, nazm and mahiya. He had also penned short stories, sketches, memories, inshaiya (light essays), a travelog of his pilgrimage to Mecca and a literary collection of his 11 Books Umre-La ' haasil ka Haasil (The outcome of futile life). He is also a strong supporter of Urdu mahiya and has been both praised and criticised for his work on mahiya in the poetry circles.
He is the editor of the literary Urdu magazine Jadeed Adab, first launched from Khanpur in 1978, and later from Germany. Qureshi's poetry has been translated into English, Arabic, German and Turkish.
Most of his literary work is comprised in the book Umr-e-Lahaasil Ka Haasil, a Kulliyat of both poetry and prose.

## Jadeed Adab

Jadeed Adab (Urdu: جدید ادب ) was an Urdu literary magazine based in Germany founded by Haider Qureshi; he remains its editor-in-chief. It is published from Germany, Pakistan and India, in print form and on the internet. It was first launched in 1978 from Khanpur, Pakistan. Farhat Nawaz was the co-editor of Jadeed Adab Khanpur in Pakistan.
Jadeed Adab was founded in 1978 from Khanpur, Pakistan, by Haider Qureshi at the cost of his spouse Mubarika Haider's jewelry which he sold one after another until all were sold and the magazine ceased to be published. It is published from Germany, Pakistan and India, and it is available both in print form and on the internet. After several years the magazine was restarted from Germany.
Jadeed Adab was (until the last 2012 issue) the only regularly published Urdu literary magazine both in print form and on the internet.

### Views

Dawn newspaper praised his poetry remarking;
   "Haider's poetry is a rich blend of traditional Urdu and the local lingo. In it one can find numerous examples of 'linguistic liberty. He is perhaps the only living poet who deliberately uses an old Punjabi dialect in Urdu ghazal..... The use of simple words, avoidance of complexity and creating a unique environment are praiseworthy. Be it ghazal, nazm or mahiya, the locale is visible in most of his poetry.
# Hans Bourquin

Hans Bourquin (16 October 1914 – 1998) was a Swiss rowing coxswain who won the gold medal in the coxed pairs at the 1928 Summer Olympics, aged 13.
# Biseytun

Biseytun (Persian: بي سيتون, also Romanized as Bīseytūn; also known as Bīseydūn-e ‘Olyā) is a village in Tayebi-ye Sarhadi-ye Gharbi Rural District, Charusa District, Kohgiluyeh County, Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 100, in 18 families.
# Cheyne Capital Management

Cheyne Capital is a London-based alternative asset manager. The firm launched its first fund in 2000 and today specializes in real estate debt, social property impact, corporate credit, convertible bonds, event driven investing and equities.
Cheyne Capital's SIV, "Cheyne Finance PLC" was forced into liquidation because of losses. Deloitte & Touche were appointed as receivers.
The Cheyne group currently employs approximately 170 people in its 12 offices world-wide.
The firm's co-founder, Stuart Fiertz, was a member of the 14-person Hedge Fund Working Group, which devised best practice policies regarding financial valuation, transparency, and risk management. Those guidelines evolved into what is now the Standards Board for Alternative Investments, a self-regulatory body of which Cheyne is a member. It is also a member of the Alternative Investment Management Association (AIMA), the global representative of the alternative investment industry. In April 2014, Stuart Fiertz was appointed as a Director of the AIMA Global Council and is Chair of AIMA’s Alternative Credit Council, a committee of alternative asset management firms which are financing the real economy.

## History

Cheyne Capital was founded in 1999 by Jonathan Lourie and Stuart Fiertz who are currently the CEO and President of Cheyne Capital Management (UK) LLP respectively. At its launch it was authorised and regulated by the U.K. Financial Services Authority (FSA).
# Daniel Preradovic

Daniel Preradovic (born 20 October 1992) is a Swiss footballer.
# Kiełczew

Kiełczew is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Małkinia Górna, within Ostrów Mazowiecka County, Masovian Voivodeship, in east-central Poland. It lies approximately 7 kilometres (4 mi) west of Małkinia Górna, 14 km (9 mi) south of Ostrów Mazowiecka, and 83 km (52 mi) north-east of Warsaw.
# Linucula hartvigiana

Linucula hartvigiana, commonly known as clam nut or nut shell, is a bivalve mollusc. Linucula hartvigiana has a brown oval shell and grows up to 6-8mm in width. Linucula hartvigiana is found in unpolluted subtidal and intertidal muddy-sand habitats throughout New Zealand.
# Little Alberta

Little Alberta is a mountain located east of Habel Creek in the Canadian Rockies of Jasper National Park. The mountain was named in 1984 after nearby Mount Alberta (3,619 m (11,873 ft)).
The Alpine Club of Canada (ACC) operates the Lloyd MacKay Hut on a rocky shoulder of Little Alberta.
# Nevyansky District

Nevyansky District (Russian: Невьянский райо́н) is an administrative district (raion), one of the thirty in Sverdlovsk Oblast, Russia. The area of the district is 1,967 square kilometers (759 sq mi). Its administrative center is the town of Nevyansk. Population (excluding the administrative center): 22,833 (2010 Census); 24,516 (2002 Census); 31,345 (1989 Soviet census).

## Administrative and municipal status

Within the framework of administrative divisions, Nevyansky District is one of the thirty in the oblast. The town of Nevyansk serves as its administrative center.
As a municipal division, the territory of the district is split between two municipal formations—Nevyansky Urban Okrug, to which the town of Nevyansk and thirty-seven of the administrative district's rural localities belong, and Verkh-Neyvinsky Urban Okrug, which covers the rest of the administrative district's territory, including the work settlement of Verkh-Neyvinsky.
# Gamata Bishwakarma

Gamata Bishwakarma (Nepali: गमाता विश्वकर्मा) is a Nepalese politician under the Communist Party of Nepal who serves as the Minister of State for Physical Infrastructure and Urban Development of Karnali Province.
She is currently serving as a member of the 2nd Karnali Provincial Assembly . In the 2022 Nepalese provincial election she was elected as a proportional representative from the dalit people category.
# Hans Gerschwiler

Hans Gerschwiler (21 June 1920 – 27 September 2017) was a Swiss figure skater. He was the 1948 Olympic silver medalist

## Career

Gerschwiler made his international debut at the 1939 European Championships, where he placed 5th. Between 1939 and 1947, no international skating competitions were held, due to World War II. Gerschwiler had been living in England with his uncle and coach Jacques Gerschwiler when the war broke out. When his uncle was called home to Switzerland, Gerschwiler stayed with Cecilia Colledge's family. He spent the war years working as a factory worker and fire watcher and was able to practice skating only once a week.
Following the War, Gerschwiler emerged as one of the dominant skaters of the time.
Gerschwiler won the 1947 World Figure Skating Championships and European Figure Skating Championships. He also won the silver medal at the 1948 Winter Olympics in St. Moritz and came in second at the 1948 European Championships, both time finishing behind Dick Button. He was coached by his uncle Arnold Gerschwiler.
Gerschwiler was considered to be a beautiful free-skater and one of the best school-skaters in the world at the time. He turned professional after the 1948 Winter Olympics.
Until Stéphane Lambiel won his first world title in 2005, Gerschwiler was the only Swiss man ever to have been World Champion. He and Lambiel are the only Swiss figure skaters ever to have won a silver medal at the Olympics. The only other Swiss skater to medal at the Olympics was Georges Gautschi who won bronze in 1924. Following Lambiel's win in 2005, Gerschwiler sent him a congratulatory message.

## Results

| Event | 1938 | 1939 | 1946 | 1947 | 1948 |
| Winter Olympic Games | | | | | 2nd |
| World Championships | | | | 1st | 2nd |
| European Championships | | 5th | | 1st | 2nd |
| Swiss Championships | 1st | 1st | 1st | 1st | 1st |
# Hans Mollet

Hans Mollet (1901 – 21 February 1957) was a Swiss wrestler. He competed in the men's freestyle lightweight at the 1928 Summer Olympics.
# Hans Möhr (equestrian)

Hans Möhr (23 June 1916 – 28 August 2014) was a Swiss equestrian who competed in the 1960 Summer Olympics and in the 1964 Summer Olympics. He died in August 2014 at the age of 98.
# Hans Potthof

Hans Potthof (January 24, 1911 – March 29, 2003) was a Swiss painter as well as a sprint canoeist who competed in the late 1930s.
Potthof completed in the K-1 1000 m event at the 1936 Summer Olympics, but was eliminated in the heats.
He later was a painter and graphic artist; he painted landscapes and figures, and created drawings, lithographs, murals, mosaics and stained glass. His mural on the Katastrophenbucht, created in the 1970s, was remarkable: the painting existed until 1998.
# Hans Niggl

Hans Niggl (1908 – 9 January 1943) was a Swiss sprinter. He competed in the men's 200 metres at the 1928 Summer Olympics.
# Hans Müller (boxer)

Hans Müller (22 December 1915 – 30 April 1967) was a Swiss boxer. He competed in the men's heavyweight event at the 1948 Summer Olympics.
# Hans Zeier

Hans Zeier (24 April 1899 – 11 August 1989) was a Swiss cross-country skier. He competed in the men's 50 kilometre event at the 1928 Winter Olympics.
# Hansjakob Keller

Hansjakob Keller (also Hans Jakob Keller, 18 September 1921 – c. 2008) was a Swiss rower. He competed at the 1947 European Rowing Championships in Lucerne where he won a bronze medal in the single scull boat class. He went to the 1948 Summer Olympics and was eliminated in the round one repêchage in single scull. He won another European bronze medal in single scull in 1949. In later life, he was vice-president of the Swiss Rowing Federation. He died in circa 2008.
# Heini Thoma

Heinrich Thoma (16 October 1900 – 16 October 1982) was a Swiss rower who competed in the 1924 Summer Olympics. In 1924 he won the bronze medal with his partner Rudolf Bosshard in the double scull event.
# Kikhanan

Kikhanan (Persian: كيخنان, also Romanized as Kīkhanān) is a village in Ilat-e Qaqazan-e Sharqi Rural District, Kuhin District, Qazvin County, Qazvin Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 435, in 92 families.
# Swintonia pierrei

Swintonia pierrei is a tree species in the family Anacardiaceae. It is native to Cambodia and Vietnam.

## Description

H.F. Hance's original description (in Latin) reads approximately: "SWINTONIA PIERREI, sp. nov. — Branches with angular lines raised from the base of the petioles running down with smooth stripes, attached to petioles 1-2 inches [25-51 mm] long are leathery leaves which are oblong to oblong-ovate, with a margin cartilaginous base obtusely wedged apex bluntly emarginated 4½ - 6 inches [114-152 mm] by 1½ - 2 inches; broad, pale green, bright, under dark grey, a strong rib under about prominent sub-veins off the primary veins on both sides, at an angle of 60° from the costa, the venular net on both sides but particularly visible from below.
The semi-woody drupes have a subreniform-ovoid base with two humps at the top and three lateral stigmatic scars marked 1¼ inches [32 mm] along the long base of the calyx, with small petals and rigid leathery oblong obtuse "nervosis" with 3 long lin. The cotyledons filling the seed pod recline from plano-convex radicles."
# Dena Paona

Dena Paona (Bengali: দেনা পাওনা; transl. Debts) is a 1931 Bengali film directed by Premankur Atorthy, starring Amar Mullick, Durgadas Bannerjee, Jahar Ganguly, Nibhanani Devi, and Bhanu Bandopadhyay. Based on a novel by Sarat Chandra Chattopadhyay and produced by New Theatres, it is credited as one of first Bengali talkies, and along with Alam Ara, was one of the first sound films produced in India. The film explored the ills of the dowry system and touched on the problems of female oppression in 19th-century Bengal.

## Plot

Jibananda is a drunkard Zamindar. Ekkari is his companion in all his sinful deeds and greed for money. Sorashi is the priestess in the local Chandi Temple and the estranged wife of Jibananda. She is adamant and stubborn, but responsible and honest, and has immense influence in certain sections of local society. When Sorashi was young, she was known as Alaka. Circumstances force Sorashi to stay all night in the drunk Jibananda's house. This created a ripple amongst the local villagers when they come to know about this incident. But Sorashi gave a legal statement to the police and Magistrate that she went to the Zamindar's house willingly. Jibananda was freed from all offences due to this statement. But the village leaders were very strict about their decision. Sarbeswar Shiromani, Mr. Chowdhury, and Janardan Roy decided not to assign the responsibility of a priestess of the temple to Sorashi any more. Nirmal, the son-in-law of Sabeswar Shiromani, is very impressed by the attitude and intelligence of Sorashi. Jibananda later tries to make advances on Sorashi but she refuses him, making him angry. He attempts to evict her from her shelter. Sagar and his team wait for Sorashi's order to fight against Jibananda. But Sorashi is totally dispassionate and decides to leave the temple as well as the village forever. This brings an unexpected change in Jibananda as he realises his mistakes and surrenders to Sorashi. In response to which she accepts his unconditional apology and accepts him.

## Cast

* Bhanu Bannerjee as Nirmal
* Durgadas Bannerjee as Jibananda
* Nibhanani Devi as Shoroshi
* Jahar Ganguly as Sagar Sardar
* Amar Mullick as Ekkari
* Bhumen Roy as Nirmal
* Shishubala as Haimabati
* Umasashi in a crowd scene
# David González (footballer, born 1986)

David González (born 9 November 1986) is a former Swiss football goalkeeper.

## Football career

On 5 July 2005 he was signed by FC Sion and moved on 30 September 2008 to Servette. Due to his leadership and impressive displays, González has become the vice-captain of Servette.
In 2013, he joined Etoile Carouge, returning to Servette in January 2016.

### International career

He was with the Swiss U-19 squad which finished bottom in the qualifying group in 2005 UEFA European Under-19 Football Championship.
He also with the Swiss U-20 sides which finished bottom of the final group at 2005 FIFA World Youth Championship, as 3rd goalkeeper.
# Kobi, Georgia

Kobi (Georgian: კობი, Ossetian: Къоб) is a village on the Kobi Plateau, part of the historical region of Khevi, Georgia. Administratively, it is part of the Kazbegi Municipality in Mtskheta-Mtianeti. It is a community center of Truso Gorge villages. Distance to the municipality center Stepantsminda is 20 km.

## Transportation

The village is located on the Georgian Military Road.

## Climate

Climate data for Kobi :
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | −2.4 (27.7) | −2.2 (28.0) | 1.8 (35.2) | 7.7 (45.9) | 13 (55) | 16.4 (61.5) | 19.1 (66.4) | 19.1 (66.4) | 15.6 (60.1) | 10.8 (51.4) | 3.8 (38.8) | −0.3 (31.5) | 8.5 (47.3) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | −7.1 (19.2) | −6.9 (19.6) | −2.9 (26.8) | 2 (36) | 7.1 (44.8) | 10.2 (50.4) | 12.8 (55.0) | 12.7 (54.9) | 9 (48) | 5 (41) | −0.7 (30.7) | −4.7 (23.5) | 3.0 (37.5) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −11.8 (10.8) | −11.5 (11.3) | −7.5 (18.5) | −3.6 (25.5) | 1.3 (34.3) | 4 (39) | 6.5 (43.7) | 6.4 (43.5) | 2.4 (36.3) | −0.7 (30.7) | −5.1 (22.8) | −9.1 (15.6) | −2.4 (27.7) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 34 (1.3) | 40 (1.6) | 65 (2.6) | 102 (4.0) | 143 (5.6) | 132 (5.2) | 122 (4.8) | 138 (5.4) | 81 (3.2) | 68 (2.7) | 62 (2.4) | 39 (1.5) | 1,026 (40.3) |
| Source: ||||||||||||||

## Notable people

Kobi is a birthplace of Vaso Abaev, a well known Soviet Iranist of Ossetian descent.

## Sources

* Georgian Soviet Encyclopedia, V. 5, p. 566, Tbilisi, 1980 year.
# Dušan Mlađan

Dušan Mlađan (Anglicized: Dusan Mladjan, Serbian Cyrillic: Душан Млађан; born November 16, 1986) is a Serbian–born Swiss professional basketball player who currently plays for SAM Basket of the Championnat LNA.

## Professional career

On August 15, 2013, he signed with Radnički Kragujevac of Serbia for the 2013–14 season.
In November 2014, he returned to Switzerland and signed with Lions de Genève. He left the club after two seasons, and in September 2016, he signed with Fribourg Olympic.
# Zone Hunter

Zone Hunter is a virtual reality first-person rail shooter video game developed and published in conjunction by Taito and Virtuality in 1994 for arcades, though the former is not credited in-game.

## Gameplay

Zone Hunter is a first-person shooter, and was one of the first VR arcade games.

## Development and release

Zone Hunter was developed at the same time as Sega's virtual reality Model 1 arcade game TecWar, which was also developed by Virtuality. Taito, who conceived the project and worked alongside Virtuality as a deal to bring the game into Japanese arcade markets under their banner. Due to low sales in the region, Taito terminated the deal between them and Virtuality, with the latter opening their offices in Japan afterwards.
A port for the Atari Jaguar was announced and planned to be released alongside the Jaguar VR headset peripheral at launch, with a demo created for demonstration purposes, but both the port and the peripheral were never released due to problems between Virtuality and Atari Corporation in their deal.

## Reception

Review scores :
| Publication | Score |
| Computer and Video Games | 82/100 |
| Next Generation | |
Next Generation said that the game was neither as fun or playable as Doom, nor as "good looking" as Virtua Cop.
# Fabio D'Elia

Fabio D'Elia (born 19 January 1983) is a retired half-Italian Liechtenstein football midfielder. He also played for the Liechtenstein national football team and won 50 caps and scored two goals since his debut against Austria in a World Cup qualifier in April 2001.

## International goals

| # | Date | Venue | Opponent | Score | Result | Competition |
| 1. | 18 August 2004 | Rheinpark Stadion, Vaduz, Liechtenstein | Estonia | 1–1 | 1–2 | 2006 FIFA World Cup Qualifying |
| 2. | 12 November 2005 | Rheinpark Stadion, Vaduz, Liechtenstein | Macedonia | 1–0 | 1–2 | Friendly match |
# Fabrizio Zambrella

Fabrizio Zambrella (born 1 March 1986) is a Swiss-former Italian professional footballer who played for FC Meyrin.

## Career

Zambrella played for Brescia, leaving the club at the end of his contract on 30 June 2009. On 20 October 2009, FC Sion signed the Swiss midfielder on a free transfer until June 2013. He joined PAS Giannina on a three-month loan in January 2012. Following his return to Sion, the player was seen as surplus to requirements and did not feature at all for the first-team during the 2012–13 season. After one year out of competitive football, Zambrella made a return by joining FC Lausanne-Sport on 1 July 2013, signing a two-year contract.

## International career

Zambrella was a squad member of Switzerland's teams in the 2004 UEFA European Under-19 Championship and the 2005 FIFA World Youth Championship.

## Honours

Sion
* Swiss Cup: 2010–11