OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Oberndorf am Neckar

Oberndorf am Neckar (German pronunciation:; Swabian: Oberndorf am Näggô) is a town in the district of Rottweil, in Baden-Württemberg, Germany. It is situated on the river Neckar, 15 kilometres (9 miles) north of Rottweil. It historically was and currently is a major center of the German weapons industry.

## Geography

Oberndorf lies in the Neckar Valley, which is between the Black Forest and the Swabian Jura. The Autobahn A 81 is nearby, with the Oberndorf exit about halfway between Stuttgart and Konstanz. The train line Stuttgart-Zürich-Milan goes directly through Oberndorf as well.

## Neighborhoods

The city of Oberndorf am Neckar is made up of the city proper and the surrounding villages of Altoberndorf, Aistaig, Boll, Bochingen, Beffendorf and Hochmössingen. The formerly independent surrounding villages were put under the administration of Oberndorf during the village and township reforms of Baden-Württemberg in the early 1970s.

## Culture and sightseeing

Aside from the beautiful Black Forest and wonderful German countryside, Oberndorf offers much to see. It is well known for its annual Karneval celebrations, which remain very traditional. An old historical "freier Markt".

### Museums

* Home Museum (in German)
* Weapons Museum (in German)

## Notable company headquarters

* Bippus
* Heckler & Koch
* Mafell
* Mauser
* Schwarzwälder Bote
* Feinwerkbau - Westinger & Altenburger

## Twin towns – sister cities

Oberndorf am Neckar is twinned with:
* Oberndorf bei Salzburg, Austria
* Thierville-sur-Meuse, France

## Notable people

* Wilhelm Mauser (1834–1882), businessman and firearms manufacturer
* Paul Mauser (1838–1914), businessman and firearms manufacturer
* Johannes Beilharz (born 1956), poet, painter and translator.
* Steffen Weigold (born 1979), cyclist
# Dùn Meadhonach

Dùn Meadhonach (English:Middle Fort) is a hillfort located on the Inner Hebridean island of Colonsay, Scotland. The site is located at grid referenceNR36509472.
The fort overlooks Port Mòr and the village of Lower Kilchattan.

## Citations

* ↑ "Colonsay, Dun Meadhonach". CANMORE. Retrieved 29 November 2009.
# Achlada

Achlada (Greek: Αχλάδα, before 1926: Κρουσοράτη – Krousorati; Bulgarian: Крушоради, Krushoradi, Macedonian: Крушоради, Krušoradi) is a village in the Florina regional unit, Western Macedonia, Greece.

## History

The settlement was mentioned in an Ottoman tax register (defter) of 1626–1627, under the name of Krushorad, and was described as having sixty-one non-Muslim households. The Russian slavist Victor Grigorovich recorded Krushorade (Крушораде) as mainly Bulgarian village in 1845. The population of the village was under the supremacy of the Bulgarian Exarchate in the beginning of the 20th century. The survey "La Macédoine et sa Population Chrétienne" by Dimitar Mishev concluded that the Christian population in 1905 was composed of 760 Bulgarian Exarchists. The name was changed to the Greek Achlada after the Balkan Wars. The father of Nikola Gruevski (former Prime Minister of North Macedonia) was born in Achlada.
Achlada had 313 inhabitants in 1981. In fieldwork done by anthropologist Riki Van Boeschoten in late 1993, Achlada was populated by Slavophones. The Macedonian language was spoken by people over 60, mainly in private.
# Liasi

Liasi (Persian: لياسی, also Romanized as Līāsī) is a village in Siyarastaq Yeylaq Rural District, Rahimabad District, Rudsar County, Gilan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 74, in 31 families.
# Charles Gifford (Canadian politician)

Charles Gifford (February 24, 1821 – 20 April 1896) was an Ontario political figure. He represented Northumberland West in the Legislative Assembly of Ontario as a Conservative member from 1872 to 1874.
Gifford was born in Exmouth, Devon, England in 1821. He was educated at Mount Radford School in Exeter, University College School in London and the University of London. He studied law and was called to the English bar in 1846. He served as captain in the local militia, later becoming colonel. He was elected to the provincial legislature in a by-election called in 1872 after the resignation of Alexander Fraser, the sitting member. He was defeated in the general election held in 1875. That same year, Gifford sponsored the building of a sailing ship built in Cobourg, the Countess of Dufferin, that raced in the America's Cup in 1876.
He died at Hamilton Township, Northumberland in 1896.

## Electoral history

vteOntario provincial by-election, January 1872: Northumberland West Resignation of Alexander Fraser :
| Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| | Conservative | Charles Gifford | 1,167 | 52.21 | +3.12 |
| | Independent | J. Fisher | 1,068 | 47.79 | |
| Total valid votes | Total valid votes | Total valid votes | 2,235 | 100.0 | +12.31 |
| | Conservative gain from Liberal | Conservative gain from Liberal | Swing | Swing | +3.12 |
| Source: History of the Electoral Districts, Legislatures and Ministries of the Province of Ontario$^{:251}$ |||||||
vte1875 Ontario general election: Northumberland West :
| Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| | Liberal | William Hargraft | 1,251 | 52.59 | |
| | Conservative | Charles Gifford | 1,128 | 47.41 | −4.80 |
| Total valid votes | Total valid votes | Total valid votes | 2,379 | 70.78 |
| Eligible voters | Eligible voters | Eligible voters | 3,361 |
| | Liberal gain from Conservative | Liberal gain from Conservative | Swing | Swing | +2.40 |
| Source: Elections Ontario |||||||
# Nadeș

Nadeș (Hungarian: Szásznádas, Hungarian pronunciation:; German: Nadesch) is a commune in Mureș County, Transylvania, Romania. It is composed of four villages: Măgheruș (Küküllőmagyarós), Nadeș, Pipea (Pipe) and Țigmandru (Cikmántor).
The Nadeș gas field is located on the administrative territory of the commune.
# Brdarci

Brdarci (pronounced; German: Berdarze) is a small settlement east of Dragatuš in the Municipality of Črnomelj in the White Carniola area of southeastern Slovenia. The area is part of the traditional region of Lower Carniola and is now included in the Southeast Slovenia Statistical Region.

## Name

Brdarci was attested in written sources as Wardarecz in 1463 and Wärarecz in 1464.
# Maruthi Nagar Police Station

Maruthi Nagar Police Station also known by the initials MNPS, is a 2023 Indian Tamil-language crime thriller film written and directed by Dayal Padmanabhan. The film features an ensemble cast including Varalaxmi Sarathkumar, Arav, Santhosh Prathap, Mahat Raghavendra, and Yasar. It is produced by Dayal Padmanabhan under the banner of D Pictures. The film had a direct-to-streaming release via Aha on 19 May 2023 to negative reviews from critics.

## Cast

* Varalaxmi Sarathkumar as Archana Draupadi
* Arav as ACP Nedunchezhiyan
* Santhosh Prathap as Bala
* Mahat Raghavendra as Jaishankar
* Vivek Rajgopal
* Yasar Arafat
* Meesai Rajendran
* Ravi Venkatraman
* Sundar Raj
* Amit Bhargav
* Subramaniam Siva
* Shruti Nayak
* Joe Simon
* Jayann
* Vinod Bharathi
* Yash Shetty
* Moorthy
* Vijayan
* Balaji
* Nambi
* Chandra Chud

## Production

The film's shoot was completed within 21 days. Later the trailer was released and announced the film would premiere directly on the streaming service Aha on 19 May 2023.

## Reception

Praveen Sudevan critic of The Hindu wrote that "The performances, too, fail to elevate the underwritten characters. It’s just difficult to care for any of them in this whodunnit. Or, I-don’t-care-whodunnit." Haricharan Pudipeddi, a critic for the Hindustan Times, stated that "Varalaxmi gets a meatier part and she does a pretty neat job.". Janani K of India Today gave 2 stars out of 5 and stated that "Maruthi Nagar Police Station suffers from predictability. Even the so-called twists and turns in the climax do not add up to the story because you are already exhausted by then." P Sangeetha of OTT Play gave 2.5 stars out of 5 and wrote that "Dayal Padmanabhan's film might have its twists and turns, but fails short of becoming an impactful film due to the many loose ends and predictability."
# Nahal Taninim

Nahal Taninim or Tanninim (Hebrew: נחל תנינים, lit. 'Crocodiles Stream') or Wadi az-Zarka (Arabic: وَادِي الزرقاء, lit. 'Blue Stream') is a river in Israel near the Arab town Jisr az-Zarqa, originating near Ramot Menashe and emptying into the Mediterranean Sea south of Ma'agan Michael. It marks the southern limit of the Hof HaCarmel, or Carmel Coastal Plain region.
there is a dam on the river channel that is used for a nearby plant. in the rainy season if the water level is high enough, the water is diverted to a reservoir to enrich the groundwater.

## Etymology

The river is named for the Nile crocodiles that inhabited the nearby Kebara swamps until the early 20th century. The last crocodile was hunted in 1912 and is part of a German taxidermic collection currently on display at the natural history museum of the Tel Aviv University.
The remains of Krokodelion polis, Greek for "Crocodiles City", a city established there in the Persian period (5th–4th century BCE), are still visible today.
See also the mythological monster Tannin.

## History

The name River of Crocodiles dates as far back as the Third Crusade, during which the crocodiles devoured two knights who were bathing in the river.

## Hydrology

The area of the basin and its tributaries is about 200 square kilometers, including the Taninim, Ada, Barkan, Alona and Mishmarot streams. Nahal Taninim is the cleanest of Israel's coastal rivers. Three waterways meet in Nahal Taninim: the natural stream, a Roman aqueduct extending from the Zabrin springs to Caesarea, and Mifale Menashe, the waterworks that collect surface runoff water and springwater, routing it into the subterranean water table.

## Flora and fauna

The dense undergrowth and reeds along Nahal Taninim are home to many different birds, among them waterside warblers and other songbirds.
# On the Real

On The Real was a radio show on the Air America network hosted by Gia'na Garel and Chuck D.
The program included commentary from the hosts on current events, and interviews with various artists in the music and entertainment industry.
The show started on June 5, 2005 and aired every Sunday at 11pm EST - 1am EST.
* This article about a radio show or program in the United States is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
# Jan Gan, Hormozgan

Jan Gan (Persian: جنگان, also Romanized as Jān Gān, Jangān, and Jāngān) is a village in Band-e Zarak Rural District, in the Central District of Minab County, Hormozgan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 177, in 36 families.
# E. S. Grant Mental Health Hospital

E. S. Grant Mental Health Hospital, in Monrovia, Liberia, is the sole psychiatric hospital in the Republic of Liberia. It is located on Du Port Road in the Paynesville community in Monrovia.
Prior to 2008, the hospital was a private hospital run by a German NGO, Cap Anamur. In 2008, it was absorbed into the public health system, to be administered by JFK Hospital.
The hospital had capacity for 80 inpatients. It also provides outpatient consultation, and groups for people who use substances .
As of 2019, the hospital was served by two psychiatrists. A psychiatry residency program was established in 2019, in collaboration with the University of Liberia A.M. Dogliotti School of Medicine. Psychiatry and family medicine residents spend time on their psychiatry rotations in the hospital.
# Delmorad Bazar

Delmorad Bazar (Persian: دلمرادبازار, also Romanized as Delmorād Bāzār; also known as Ḩāj Del Morād Bāzār and Ḩājj Del Morād Bāzār) is a village in Polan Rural District, Polan District, Chabahar County, Sistan and Baluchestan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 356, in 70 families.
# Isaac Simelane

Isaac Mandla Simelane (born 8 November 1967) is a Swazi long-distance runner. He competed in the men's marathon at the 1996 Summer Olympics.
# Sansan Chien

Sansan Chien (Chinese: 簡郁珊; pinyin: Jiǎn Yùshān; 1 July 1967 – 24 October 2011) was a Taiwanese composer of contemporary classical music. Chien was well known in Taiwan for her teaching of music theory and composition.

## Early life and education

She was born 1 July 1967 in Changhua, Taiwan, and grew up in the Taichung area. When she was fifteen, her family moved to the United States, settling in Sylvania, Ohio where she completed her high school education. She then earned a Bachelor of Music degree in piano performance from the University of Toledo Department of Music (1989), a master's degree in music composition from the Ohio University School of Music (1991), and a Doctor of Music degree in music composition from the Jacobs School of Music at Indiana University Bloomington (1997). During the time of her studies at Indiana University she became a naturalized US citizen, but opted to retain her ROC (Taiwan) citizenship as well.

## Career

Chien was a full-time assistant professor of music theory and composition at the National Kaohsiung Normal University Department of Music from 1997 to 2011. Previously, she was a part-time instructor of music composition at The University of Indianapolis and an associate instructor of music composition and related courses at Indiana University Jacobs School of Music. She was much appreciated by the many students she taught, especially those at National Kaohsiung Normal University. She was also instrumental in helping to organize the music curriculum at NKNU and dramatically improved the level of music theory and music composition instruction there. Together with her husband, Paul San Gregory, a composer and professor of music, they created an intense and encouraging learning environment that has benefited many NKNU graduates. For many years they also created and directed the Contemporary Chamber Ensemble at NKNU, which was the only university-run new music ensemble in Taiwan at the time.

## Death

Sansan Chien died at the age of 44 on Monday, Oct. 24, 2011, in Chang Geng Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, following a difficult struggle with cancer.
# Hajji Baluch Khan

Hajji Baluch Khan (Persian: حاجي بلوچ خان, also Romanized as Ḩājjī Balūch Khān; also known as Deh-e Ḩājj Balūch Khān and Ḩājj Balūch Khān) is a village in Jahanabad Rural District, in the Central District of Hirmand County, Sistan and Baluchestan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 82, in 17 families.
# Pirate Party of Ukraine

The Pirate Party of Ukraine (Ukrainian: Піратська Партія України) is a political party in Ukraine. Based on the model of the Swedish Pirate Party, it supports reform of copyright law, the abolition of patents, and respect for privacy. The party was not a founding member of Pirate Parties International but it joined them in April 2013. As of August 2013 the party is not officially registered as such by the Ukrainian Ministry of Justice.
In the 2012 parliamentary election the party supported independent candidate Tetyana Montyan in single-member district number 212 (first-past-the-post wins a parliament seat) located in Kyiv; she ended up fifth in this district with 9% of the votes.
The party did not participate in the 2014 Ukrainian parliamentary election.
In the 2019 Ukrainian parliamentary election the party had 1 candidates in constituency 95 located in Irpin, but he got only 0.15% of the votes (133 votes).
# Bueng Kum district

Bueng Kum (Thai: บึงกุ่ม, pronounced) is one of the 50 districts (Khet) of Bangkok, Thailand. From north clockwise, it is bounded by Bang Khen, Khan Na Yao, Saphan Sung, Bang Kapi, and Lat Phrao.

## History

Bueng Kum was separated from Bang Kapi on 4 September 1989. It consisted of three sub-districts: Khlong Kum, Khan Na Yao, and Saphan Sung. On 14 October 1997, Khan Na Yao and Saphan Sung were elevated to districts, leaving Bueng Kum with a sole sub-district, Khlong Kum.
Bueng Kum was named so because of a lake ("bueng" means 'lake') used as water reservoir for flood prevention. There are also plants called "kum" (Crataeva sp.) around the lake. The lake is part of Seri Thai Park.

## Administration

The district is divided into three sub-districts (khwaeng).
| No. | Name | Thai | Area (km$^2$) |
| 1. | Khlong Kum | คลองกุ่ม | 10.811 |
| 4. | Nawamin | นวมินทร์ | 4.885 |
| 5. | Nuan Chan | นวลจันทร์ | 8.615 |
| Total | Total | Total | 24.311 |
The missing numbers 2 and 3 belong to the sub-districts which were split off to form Saphan Sung and Khan Na Yao districts.

## District council

The District Council for Bueng Kum has seven members, who each serve four-year terms.

## Places

* Seri Thai Park, a public park
* Seri Thai Memorial Hall and Museum in Seri Thai Park
# Particle (disambiguation)

A particle in the physical sciences is a small localized object to which physical properties can be ascribed.
Particle may also refer to:

## Science

* Particle (ecology), in marine and freshwater ecology, a small object
* Colloidal particle, part of a one-phase system of two or more components where the particles aren't individually visible
** Particle, the solid or liquid particles in an aerosol
* Granular material
* Particulates, in the areas of atmospheric physics and air pollution
* Nanoparticle, an object between 1 and 100 nanometers that behaves as a whole
* Point particle, or point mass, an idealization of an object with finite mass but of zero size
* A particle of a medium in continuum mechanics, meaning an infinitesimal portion of it.
* Self-propelled particles, a concept used in statistical physics to model swarms
* Subatomic particle:
** Elementary particle, or fundamental particle, a particle of which other particles are composed
** Particle physics, the study of subatomic particles
** See list of particles for more uses
* Suspended solids, in a liquid

## Arts, entertainment, and media

* Particle (band), a 2000 jam band from Los Angeles, California
* Particle (film), a 2012 Turkish film
* Particles (film), a 2019 French film
* "Particles" (song), a 2021 single by Jessica Simpson

## Computing

* Particle, a US HTML5 web app company acquired by Apple in 2012
* Particle system, in computer graphics, a technique to simulate certain fuzzy phenomena

## Other uses

* Grammatical particle, a function word
# Shah Mansuri, Hormozgan

Shah Mansuri (Persian: شاه منصوري, also Romanized as Shāh Manşūrī and Shah Mansoori) is a village in Howmeh Rural District, in the Central District of Minab County, Hormozgan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 733, in 150 families.
# Ciurila

Ciurila (Hungarian: Csurulye; German: Schiril) is a commune in Cluj County, Transylvania, Romania. It is composed of eight villages: Ciurila, Filea de Jos (Alsófüle), Filea de Sus (Felsőfüle), Pădureni (Magyaróság), Pruniș (Magyarszilvás), Sălicea (Szelicse), Săliște (Tordaszeleste), and Șutu (Sütmeg).
Located in the south-central part of the county, the commune belongs to the Cluj-Napoca metropolitan area.

## Demographics

According to the census from 2002 there were 1,509 people living in this town; of this population, 97.21% were ethnic Romanians, 2.05% ethnic Roma, and 0.59% ethnic Hungarians. At the 2011 census, there were 1,594 inhabitants, of which 90.65% were Romanians, 3.45% Roma, and 1.19% Hungarians. At the 2021 census, Ciurila had a population of 2,003; of those, 77.08% were Romanians, 2.75% Roma, and 2.1% Hungarians.
# Unión Cordobesa de Rugby

The Córdoba Rugby Union (Spanish: Unión Cordobesa de Rugby) (also known for its initials UCR) is the organisational body that rules the game of rugby union in Córdoba province of Argentina. Estadio Mario Alberto Kempes, with a capacity of 57,000, is used for rugby matches.

## History

The union was founded in order to encourage the practice of rugby union in Córdoba. Founding members were Universitario, Gimnasia y Esgrima, Córdoba Rugby, Curupaytí y San Vicente (Fomento Sport Club by then), officially establishing the body on April 17, 1931. Captain Montes was named as president.
Gimnasia y Esgrima de Buenos Aires and Curupaytí played the first inter-provincial match, on May 24, 1931. The first local championship would be held one month later, being Curupaytí the first champion after beating San Vicente in the final. Nevertheless, the first official tournament started in October 1931, with Universitario defeating Curupaytí at the final game.
In recent years the union has become the fastest growing provincial union in the country, going from 19 clubs in the 1980s to around 40 clubs twenty years later.
In 2023, a new franchise was established to compete in Super Rugby Americas. The team, named "Dogos XV", is controlled by Unión Cordobesa.

## Clubs

Clubs affiliated to UCR as of June, 2021:
* Córdoba Athletic
* Córdoba RC
* Jockey Club Córdoba
* Jockey Club de Villa María
* La Tablada
* Palermo Bajo
* San Martín Rugby Club
* Tala
* Urú Curé
* Universitario

## Competitions

Clubs from the province play in the Torneo de Córdoba. This provincial competition is divided into 2 main divisions: Zona Superior and Zona Ascenso.
The Superior division includes 12 clubs competing for the provincial title.

## Provincial team

The Unión Cordobesa de Rugby was represented in the Campeonato Argentino, a former national competition in which each of the 24 unions that made up the Argentine Rugby Union (UAR) participated.
Córdoba's provincial team -nicknamed Los Dogos (The Mastiffs)-, won the Campeonato Argentino 7 times, the last in 2012.

### Titles

* Campeonato Argentino (7): 1995, 1996, 1997, 2001, 2009, 2011, 2012
# One Shangri-La Place

One Shangri-La Place is a residential development with twin residential towers situated in Mandaluyong, Metro Manila, Philippines. Both of its towers are 64-storeys high with a height of 227 meters (745 ft), making them the tallest twin towers in the Philippines. The building's podium also hosts a wing of the Shangri-La Plaza mall, which opened in 2013.

## Architecture and design

Casas + Architects was the architecture firm behind One Shangri-La Place along with Hong Kong–based Palmer & Turner which served as architecture consultants. Hong Kong firms BTR Workshop Ltd. and Adrian L. Norman Ltd. were also involved with the former responsible for the retail and interior design and the latter for the Landscaping. Sy^2 + Associates were behind the buildings' superstructure while Aecom were behind their substructure. Meinhardt Phils was behind the MEPF (mechanical, electrical, plumbing and fire protection) of the buildings. Worktect worked with the lighting and Graphia for the signage designs.
The towers, the North and South Towers are 64-storeys above ground. A total of 14 high-speed passenger and service elevators are installed in the tower complex.
# Mehrabad, Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad

Mehrabad (Persian: مهراباد, also Romanized as Mehrābād) is a village in Tayebi-ye Sarhadi-ye Gharbi Rural District, Charusa District, Kohgiluyeh County, Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 99, in 22 families.
# Lavabon

Lavabon (Persian: لوابن, also Romanized as Lavābon) is a village in Kharajgil Rural District, Asalem District, Talesh County, Gilan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 514, in 117 families.