OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# South American Plate

The South American Plate is a major tectonic plate which includes the continent of South America as well as a sizable region of the Atlantic Ocean seabed extending eastward to the African Plate, with which it forms the southern part of the Mid-Atlantic Ridge.
The easterly edge is a divergent boundary with the African Plate; the southerly edge is a complex boundary with the Antarctic Plate, the Scotia Plate, and the Sandwich Plate; the westerly edge is a convergent boundary with the subducting Nazca Plate; and the northerly edge is a boundary with the Caribbean Plate and the oceanic crust of the North American Plate. At the Chile Triple Junction, near the west coast of the Taitao–Tres Montes Peninsula, an oceanic ridge known as the Chile Rise is actively subducting under the South American Plate.
Geological research suggests that the South American Plate is moving west away from the Mid-Atlantic Ridge: "Parts of the plate boundaries consisting of alternations of relatively short transform fault and spreading ridge segments are represented by a boundary following the general trend." As a result, the eastward-moving and more dense Nazca Plate is subducting under the western edge of the South American Plate, along the continent's Pacific coast, at a rate of 77 mm (3.0 in) per year. The collision of these two plates is responsible for lifting the massive Andes Mountains and for creating the numerous volcanoes (including both stratovolcanoes and shield volcanoes) that are strewn throughout the Andes.
# Bubamara Association of Persons with Disabilities

Bubamara Association of Persons with Disabilities, shortly Bubamara (literally:Ladybug) (Croatian: Udruga osoba s invaliditetom Bubamara) is a civil society organization founded in 1984 in Vinkovci, Croatia (then Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia) with the aim of promotion of equal opportunities for persons with disabilities. With more than 1,400 members and over 200 employees, Bubamara is one of the largest civil society organizations in Croatia. It is specific on national level as it is the only organization that covers all kinds of disabilities through its activities. Over the years, the association has carried out over 150 projects supported by domestic and international institutions, organizations and individuals.

## History

The Bubamara Association of Persons with Disabilities was established on December 21, 1984. In 2012, the association received the former building of Ivan Mažuranić Elementary School in Vinkovci of 500 square meters in size. Božo Galić, the major of Vukovar-Srijem County, attended the opening ceremony.

## Activities

The activities of the association are supported by local, national and international partners. The Croatian Ministry of Demography, Family, Youth and Social Policy supported the association through the program "Joint Cooperation in the Prevention of Institutionalization" with HRK 333,667.00 on one side, and through successful projects applications for provision of personal assistants (HRK 432,542.00) and provision of teaching assistants (HRK 290,433.00). OTP Bank donated 5.000,00 kn to the association. RTL Television Helps Children supported association with "Play to Health" - HRK 50.000,00. City of Vinkovci provided HRK 80.000,00 for social-humanitarian projects and HRK 60,000 for teaching assistants. European Union funds supported the association work with € 250,000.00 and the United Nations Fund for Democracy with $ 174,900.00. Within the project of cross-border cooperation with Serbia (CBC program Croatia-Serbia 2007–2013), a project of 700,000 euros in values has been approved to Bubamara.
# Steven Porter (Canadian politician)

Paul Steven Porter (born September 30, 1945) was a Canadian politician. He served in the Legislative Assembly of New Brunswick from 1978 to 1987, as a Progressive Conservative member for the constituency of Carleton South.
# Fulda-Werra Uplands

The Fulda-Werra Uplands (German: Fulda-Werra-Bergland) are a major natural regional unit (no. 357) in the East Hesse Highlands (major unit group 35) in East and North Hesse and, with small elements in the southeast, in the German state of Thuringia. Most of the range lies right of the River Fulda and left of the Werra. The uplands extend from the Rhön mountains northwards, to the River Weser near Hann. Münden.
The best known and highest mountain and sub-range is the Hoher Meißner in the northeast which reaches a height of 753.6 m above sea level (NN). Other well known upland areas are the Kaufungen Forest in the extreme north, the Stölzinger Hills in the centre and the Seulingswald in the south.

## Hills

The hills of the Fulda-Werra Uplands include the following – sorted by height in metres (m) above Normalnull (NN):
* Hoher Meißner (753.6 m); Hoher Meißner in the Meißner region
* Hirschberg (643.4 m); Söhre
* Bilstein (641.2 m); Anterior Kaufungen Forest
* Eisberg (583.0 m); northern Stolzhausen Ridge in the Stölzinger Hills
* Haferberg (580.4 m); Hinterer Kaufungen Forest
* Himmelsberg (563.7 m); Günsterode Heights in the Melsungen Upland
* Alheimer (548.7 m); southern Stolzhausen Ridge in the Stölzinger Hills
* Dammskopf (520.9 m); Rotenburg-Ludwigseck Forest in the Neuenstein-Ludwigseck Ridge (near Schloss Ludwigseck by Atzelstein)
* Bielstein (527.8 m); Söhre
* Katzenstirn (500.7 m); southern Vockerode Upland in the Stölzinger Hills
* Toter Mann (480.3 m); Seulingswald
* Eichelsberg (480.1 m); Eichelsberg in the Neuenstein-Ludwigseck Ridge
* Herzberg (478.2 m); Richelsdorf Hills (Solztrottenwald)
* Kessel (368.1 m); Melgershausen Heights in the Neuenstein-Ludwigseck Ridge

## Rivers

The most important tributaries of the Fulda and Werra in the upland region named after them are (in upstream order, i.e. from north to south, rivers outside the boundary in brackets, lengths also in brackets):
| left-hand Fulda tributaries Beise (20.9 km) Wichte (9.7 km) Rohrbach (18.0 km) (Geisbach (22,1 km)) | right-hand Fulda tributaries Nieste (21.8 km) Losse (28.9 km) Pfieffe (21.5 km) Kehrenbach (12 km) Ulfe (10.6 km) (Solz (21.4 km)) | left-hand Werra tributaries Gelster (17.5 km) Berka (9.8 km) Wehre (36.4 km) (Ulster (57.2 km)) |
# Uthörn

Uthörn (Danish: Udhjørne Holm) is a small German island adjacent to the Sylt island in the district of Nordfriesland, and as such it is Germany's northernmost isle right after Sylt proper. It belongs to the List municipality.

## Geography

The island is situated in the so-called Königshafen (King's Harbour), a bay on the eastern shore of Sylt which is facing the shallow tidal flats of the Wadden Sea in that area. Uthörn is located north of the town of List, only a kilometre away from the Ellbogen (Elbow) peninsula of Sylt, which is Germany's northernmost area.
Uthörn is almost 800 meters long and up to 240 meters wide, its area amounts to about 13 ha. The island is relatively young, as it developed out of a sand bar, which due to wind drift of sand from Sylt has now grown to a height of approximately 4.10 m above sea level and is no longer submerged during high tide. It is thought that the growth of Uthörn is likely to continue in the future.
The island is overgrown by pioneer species of plants and the common dune vegetation like marram grass.

## Protection

Uthörn is located just a few metres off the shore of Sylt and can be reached on foot through the shallow sea. But as it provides space for the hatching and resting of rare and endangered seabirds and is situated inside the Schleswig-Holstein Wadden Sea National Park, it may only be entered with special permission.
# David Orr (businessman)

Sir David Alexander Orr MC* (10 May 1922 in Dalkey, County Dublin – 2 February 2008) was an Anglo-Irish businessman, philanthropist and World War II veteran.

## Early years

Orr was born the third of four children to Canon A.W.F. Orr, an Anglican rector at Canon of Christ Church Cathedral. David Orr attended The High School, Dublin and went on to study Classics at Trinity College, Dublin, where he was a boxer and captain of rugby.

## World War II

In 1941, he left school to enlist in the Royal Ulster Rifles and was commissioned into the Royal Engineers, serving with Queen Victoria's Own Madras Sappers and Miners during the reconquest of Burma in 1944-45. He was awarded two Military Crosses.

## Unilever

After the war, Orr returned to Trinity to complete a degree in Law. He joined Unilever as a graduate trainee. From 1955 to 1966 he was posted to Unilever's India subsidiary, Hindustan Lever. He returned to London before moving to New York to become president of Lever Bros in 1965. He retired in 1982.

## Inchcape

Orr later became chairman of Inchcape, a trading group. He also sat on the boards of RTZ and Shell Transport & Trading. From 1983-89, Orr was a member of the court of the Bank of Ireland.

## Top Salaries Review

He was a member of Harold Wilson's "committee to review the functioning of financial institutions" (1977–80). Later he served on the Top Salaries Review Body (civil service) and the Armed Forces' Pay Review Body, negotiating directly with then Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher.

## Globe Theatre

In 1982, Orr had also been asked to help rebuild the Globe Theatre. As chairman of the Globe Theatre Trust he had been a brilliant fundraiser. The building was finally completed in 1997.

## Honours

Orr was knighted in 1977. In 1979, he was appointed a Commander of the Dutch Order of Orange Nassau.

## Affiliations

* Chancellor of Queen's University, Belfast
* President, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine
* President, College of Speech Therapists
* Governor, London School of Economics.
* Chairman, British Council (1985–92)
* Joint Chair, Anglo-Irish Encounter

## Sports

A boxer and rugby player, in London he played rugby centre for London Irish, captaining the club in 1951-52; he also had a trial for Ireland.

## Personal life

In 1949, he married Phoebe Davis, with whom he had three daughters, all of whom survive Orr, who died in 2008, aged 85, from undisclosed causes.
# Atamanovsky

Atamanovsky (Russian: Атамановский) is a rural locality (a khutor) in Trostyanskoye Rural Settlement, Novoanninsky District, Volgograd Oblast, Russia. The population was 18 as of 2010. There are 2 streets.

## Geography

Atamanovsky is located in forest steppe on the Khopyorsko-Buzulukskaya Plain, 72 km southeast of Novoanninsky (the district's administrative centre) by road. Popov is the nearest rural locality.
# Neoantrodia serialis

Neoantrodia serialis is a species of polypore fungus in the family Fomitopsidaceae. Originally named Polyporus serialis by Elias Fries in 1821, it was transferred to its current genus by Canadian mycologist Serge Audet in 2017. A widespread species, N. serialis causes heart rot in living trees. In North America, it is often confused with the morphologically similar Neoantrodia serialiformis, which grows on oak.
# Ozzie Wright

Ozzie Wright (born 1 July 1976) is an Australian professional surfer, painter, and musician.
He is sponsored by Volcom and Santa Cruz surfboards. His artwork has been featured on Volcom clothing, and he was a character in the cartoon The Dawn of the Stone Age, which was part of a Volcom marketing campaign.
He is a member of the punk rock band Goons of Doom, and in 2013 he released the album Mylee Grace And Ozzy Wrong Songs with his wife Mylee Grace.
His artwork has been shown in Australia, France, England, Switzerland, Japan, USA, and Indonesia. It has been included on surfboards, album covers, and clothing. In 2021 was featured on a box from Louis Vuitton.
# Walter Powers (politician)

Walter Vincent Powers (July 24, 1895 – November 8, 1954) was an accountant and political figure in New Brunswick, Canada. He represented Victoria County in the Legislative Assembly of New Brunswick from 1953 to 1954 as a Progressive Conservative member.
He was born in Fredericton, New Brunswick, the son of Thomas Powers and Bridget Burke. In 1918, he married Irene McLaughlin. Powers was clerk-treasurer for the town of Grand Falls from 1916 to 1936. He was an unsuccessful candidate for a seat in the provincial assembly in 1939, 1944 and 1948. Powers was named speaker for the provincial assembly in 1954 following the death of E.T. Kennedy but died in office before completing his term.
# 2018 in the Maldives

Events in the year 2018 in the Maldives.

## Incumbents

* President:
** Abdulla Yameen (until 17 November)
** Ibrahim Mohamed Solih (from 17 November)
* Vice President: Abdulla Jihad

## Events

* 5 February – 2018 Maldives political crisis: president Abdulla Yameen declared a state of emergency and ordered the arrest of two judges of the Supreme Court.
* 23 September – The 2018 Maldivian presidential election was won by Ibrahim Mohamed Solih.
* 17 November – Ibrahim Mohamed Solih took over as the new president of the Maldives, succeeding Abdulla Yameen
* 19 November - President Solih announced that the Maldives is to rejoin the Commonwealth of Nations, a decision that was recommended by his Cabinet.
# Dubeshk

Dubeshk (Persian: دوبشك, also Romanized as Dūbeshḵ) is a village in Meyghan Rural District, in the Central District of Nehbandan County, South Khorasan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 16, in 4 families.
# Rugby union in Togo

Rugby union in Togo is a minor but growing sport.

## Governing body

The governing body is the Fédération Togolaise de Rugby. It was founded on 21 September 2001, and affiliated to the IRB as an associate member in 2004. It joined the Confederation of African Rugby in the same year.

## History

Rugby was originally introduced to Togo by the French. For a long time the Rugby Club de Lomé was the only one.
It was during the 1980s however, that Togo rugby took off, and teams such as the Buffles (Buffalos), Lions, Rhinoceros and Gazelles were set up.
# Macarostola zehntneri

Macarostola zehntneri is a moth of the family Gracillariidae. It is known from Maharashtra, India; Java, Indonesia; and Malaysia.
It has a wingspan of 10 mm.
The larvae feed on Eugenia aquea, Eugenia cumini and Eugenia jambolana. They probably mine the leaves of their host plant.
# Statue of Jean Vauquelin

The Statue of Jean Vauquelin (French: Monument à Jean Vauquelin) by Eugène Bénet [fr] is a sculpture installed in Montreal's Vauquelin Square, in Quebec, Canada in 1930. The statue depicts an event that took place during the Battle of Pointe-aux-Trembles in the Saint Lawrence River on 16 May 1760 during the French and Indian War. Jean Vauquelin is shown standing on the deck of the frigate Atalante in front of the mast having nailed his colours to it. He fought for two hours with persistent bravery till his ammunition was spent before surrendering. The statue was created by sculptor Eugène-Paul Benet.
# Conrad Landry

Conrad Landry (1938 – October 29, 2022) was a Canadian politician. He served in the Legislative Assembly of New Brunswick from 1982 to 1995, as a Liberal member for the constituency of Kent North. Landry died in 2022 at the age of 83.
# Aposticha

The Aposticha (Greek: Άπόστιχα'; Slavonic: stikhíry na stikhóvne) are a set of hymns (stichera) accompanied by psalm verses (stichos) that are chanted towards the end of Vespers and Matins in the Eastern Orthodox Church and those Eastern Catholic Churches that follow the Byzantine Rite.

## Description

The Greek term literally means "[hymns] on the verses." The aposticha belong to a family of hymns, known as stichera, which are normally tied to psalm verses in the Daily Office. Unlike other stichera, which normally follow their psalm verses, the aposticha are unique in that they precede their psalm verses.
Aposticha are found at Vespers every day (except when the Liturgy, whether of St. John Chrysostom, St. Basil or the Presanctified Gifts, follows), and at Great Compline when it forms part of a vigil (for Christmas, Theophany and the Annunciation), but at Matins they occur only on ordinary weekdays, being omitted on higher-ranking feast days.
At Vespers on Sundays (i.e., Saturday evening) there is one more sticheron than on weekdays. The aposticha at Sunday Vespers form an acrostic in the original Greek (the first sticheron is not part of the acrostic).
# Alexander Malcolm Manson

Alexander Malcolm Manson (October 7, 1883 – September 25, 1964) was a British Columbia judge and politician in the Liberal Party. Positions he held included Speaker, Minister of Labour and Attorney General. He was later appointed to the Supreme Court of British Columbia.

## Biography

Alexander Malcolm Manson was born in St. Louis, Missouri on October 7, 1883. After completing a bachelor's degree at the University of Toronto, Manson studied at Osgoode Hall Law School. In 1908, he became the first lawyer to practice in Prince Rupert, British Columbia. He married Stella Beckwith on June 29, 1909.
After being an unsuccessful candidate in the 1912 provincial election, he represented the district of Omineca in the BC Legislature for five terms from 1916 to 1935. He was Deputy Speaker of the Legislature from 1918 to 1921 (and again in 1935) and then Speaker of the Legislative Assembly in 1921. From April 12, 1922 to August 17, 1927, he was both Attorney General and Minister of Labour in John Oliver's Liberal government. As Attorney General, he was criticized for his handling of the 1924 Janet Smith murder case, which would damage his political career. Nevertheless, he continued in this dual role in John Duncan MacLean's government from 20 August 1927 to 20 August 1928. His legislative work included interest in liquor laws, narcotics laws, the Pacific Great Eastern Railway, and game conservation laws.
In the mid-1920s, he also served as Grand Master of the Grand Lodge of British Columbia and Yukon.
In 1935, he attempted to enter federal politics, running for the Liberal Party of Canada in the riding of Vancouver South, but lost by less than 300 votes to Conservative Howard Charles Green.
He served on the Supreme Court of British Columbia from 1936 until he retired in 1961.
He died from cancer in Vancouver on September 25, 1964.
# William J. McNevin

William John McNevin (March 23, 1913 – April 13, 1982) was a Canadian politician. He served in the Legislative Assembly of New Brunswick from 1970 to 1974 as member of the Liberal party.
# Explosive antimony

Explosive antimony is an allotrope of the chemical element antimony that is so sensitive to shock that it explodes when scratched or subjected to sudden heating. The allotrope was first described in 1855.
Chemists form the allotrope through electrolysis of a concentrated solution of antimony trichloride in hydrochloric acid, which forms an amorphous glass. This glass contains significant amounts of halogen impurity at its boundaries.
When it explodes, the allotrope releases 24 calories (100 J) per gram. White fumes of antimony trichloride are produced and the elemental antimony reverts to its metallic form.
# The Sex and Violence Family Hour

The Sex and Violence Family Hour is a 1983 sex comedy film with a jumble of sexual skits such as "The Big Salami", "The Brady Bang" and "Leather And Chains".
# Seogye-dong

Seogye-dong (Korean: 서계동) is a dong (neighbourhood) of Yongsan District, Seoul, South Korea. It is a legal dong (법정동 法定洞) administered under its administrative dong, Cheongpa 1-dong.
The historic grocery store Gaemi Supermarket is located in the dong.
# Chaubise Rural Municipality

Chaubise (Nepali: चौबिसे) is a rural municipality (gaunpalika) out of four rural municipality located in Dhankuta District of the Koshi Province of Nepal. There are a total of 7 municipalities in Dhankuta in which 3 are urban and 4 are rural.
According to Ministry of Federal Affairs and Local Development Chaubise has an area of 147.6 square kilometres (57.0 sq mi) and the total population of the municipality is 19283 as of Census of Nepal 2011. To form this new Rural Municipality 6 No. Budhabare, Mudebas, Kuruletenupa, Bodhe, Rajarani, Maunabuthuk and Basantatar were merged, which previously were all separate Village development committee (local level administrative villages). Fulfilling the requirement of the new Constitution of Nepal 2015, Ministry of Federal Affairs and Local Development replaced all old VDCs and Municipalities into 753 new local level body (Municipality).
The Gaunpalika is divided into 8 wards and the Rajarani, Dhankuta is the Headquarter of this newly formed rural municipality.

## Demographics

At the time of the 2011 Nepal census, Chaubise Rural Municipality had a population of 19,283. Of these, 32.6% spoke Limbu, 29.0% Nepali, 15.8% Magar, 7.8% Yakkha, 6.2% Tamang, 3.9% Yamphu, 2.1% Rai, 0.6% Majhi, 0.4% Newar, 0.3% Bantawa, 0.2% Bhujel, 0.2% Gurung, 0.2% Maithili, 0.1% Chamling, 0.1% Sanskrit, 0.1% Tharu and 0.4% other languages as their first language.
In terms of ethnicity/caste, 33.6% were Limbu, 15.9% Magar, 11.5% Chhetri, 8.8% Yakkha, 6.5% Tamang, 4.6% Hill Brahmin, 3.6% Rai, 3.5% Kami, 3.3% Yamphu, 3.2% Newar, 1.7% Damai/Dholi, 1.2% Majhi, 0.7% Sanyasi/Dasnami, 0.5% Gurung, 0.5% Sarki, 0.4% Gharti/Bhujel, 0.1% Badi, 0.1% Tharu and 0.4% others.
In terms of religion, 45.9% were Kirati, 33.2% Hindu, 18.5% Buddhist, 1.6% Christian, 0.1% Prakriti and 0.7% others.
In terms of literacy, 73.8% could read and write, 1.9% could only read and 24.3% could neither read nor write.
# Gulong ng Palad (1977 TV series)

Gulong ng Palad (International title: Stand for Love / transl. Wheel of Fate or Wheel of Fortune) is a classic Filipino TV tearjerker started as a radio drama aired on DZRH from 1949 to 1956, created by writer Lina Flor. When it was revived as a TV soap aired on BBC/City2 from 1977 to 1979 then reverted to the same channel from 1983 to 1985 and RPN from 1979 to 1983.

## Overview

That was the soap that made a four-year-old child named Romnick Sarmenta an overnight star. He so immersed himself in his character as the Little Peping that televiewers empathize with him. Other members of the cast were Marian dela Riva and Ronald Corveau as Luisa and Carding (they became a real-life couple and have since separated, with Marian now happily remarried and living in the US), Caridad Sanchez as Aling Idad and Augusto Victa as Mang Tomas.

## Cast and characters

* Ronald Corveau as Carding
* Marianne dela Riva as Luisa
* Caridad Sanchez as Nanay Idad
* Romnick Sarmenta as Peping
* Lito Legaspi as Juancho
* Augusto Victa as Tatay Tomas
* Metring David
* Tita de Villa as Menang
* Beth Bautista as Mimi

## Remake

A remake was created by ABS-CBN starring Kristine Hermosa and TJ Trinidad and aired from January 9 to May 12, 2006.
# Javadiyeh, Nishapur

Javadiyeh (Persian: جواديه, also Romanized as Javādīyeh) is a village in Zeberkhan Rural District, Zeberkhan District, Nishapur County, Razavi Khorasan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 319, in 77 families.
# 2019 in Mali

Events in the year 2019 in Mali.

## Incumbents

* President – Ibrahim Boubacar Keïta
* Prime Minister – Soumeylou Boubèye Maïga

## Events

* 20 January – Ten Chadian United Nations peacekeepers were killed in an attack by al-Qaeda on the MINUSMA base at Aguelhok.
* April – Scheduled date for the 2019 Malian parliamentary election.
* 1 November - 2019 Ménaka attack

## Deaths

* October 28 – Roman Catholic prelate
# Dubinino, Krasnoyarsk Krai

Dubinino (Russian: Дуби́нино) is an urban locality (an urban-type settlement) in Krasnoyarsk Krai, Russia. Population: 9,497 (2010 Census); 12,028 (2002 Census); 12,185 (1989 Soviet census).