OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Lucignano

Lucignano is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Arezzo in the Italian region Tuscany, located about 70 kilometres (43 mi) southeast of Florence and about 25 kilometres (16 mi) southwest of Arezzo.
Lucignano borders the following municipalities: Foiano della Chiana, Marciano della Chiana, Monte San Savino, Rapolano Terme, and Sinalunga. It is one of I Borghi più belli d'Italia ("The most beautiful villages of Italy").

## History

The name Lucignano probably derives from the Roman family of the consul Licinio. Known as the "pearl of Valdichiana", Lucignano is a remarkably conserved medieval walled hill-top village (400 meters above sea level), elliptical in shape. Its altitude and strategic position on the road between Siena and Arezzo meant that between 1200 and 1500 it was continually the subject of battles between these cities, involving also Florence and Perugia. Its walls, with three gates, were constructed by the Sienese in 1371. Once the town came under the rule of Florence, construction began of the fortress, attributed to Bernardo Puccini.

## Main sights

Sights include:
* Sanctuary of the Madonna della Querce (attributed to Giorgio Vasari), c. 1568
* Convent of the Cappuccini (c. 1580)
* Church of the Misericordia (1582)
* Collegiata di San Michele Arcangelo (1594)
* Church of San Francesco
* Church of San Biagio
* Church of Santissima Annunziata
Of note is the elaborate reliquary made for the church of San Francesco, which is now in the Museo Civico, on the ground floor of the 13th Century town hall (Italian: Palazzo Pretorio). Called the L’albero della vita (The Tree of Life; The Golden Tree or The Tree of Lucignano) the central stem is supported on a Gothic reliquary, from which spread out twelve branches, surmounted by a Crucifix and a pelican. On the branches there are sprigs of coral, representing the blood of Christ. The tree is gilded and bejeweled and is signed by two jewellers, Ugolino di Vieri in 1350 and Gabriello D'Antonio in 1471. Also in the museum are works by Luca Signorelli, the Sienese School, and a Crucifixion from Umbria.

## Cinema

The 2010 film Certified Copy directed by Abbas Kiarostami was set and filmed in Lucignano.
# Justin Anderson (linebacker)

Justin Anderson (born January 16, 1991) is a former American football linebacker. He was signed by the New York Giants as an undrafted free agent in 2014. He played college football at Louisiana–Lafayette.

## Professional career
### New York Giants

On May 10, 2014, he was signed to the New York Giants as an undrafted free agent. After an injury, he was cut by the Giants and did not make the 53-man roster. After an injury to starting middle-linebacker Jon Beason, Anderson was promoted to the active roster. He was waived on November 25.

### Minnesota Vikings

Anderson was signed to the practice squad of the Minnesota Vikings on December 24, 2014. He was released on March 26, 2015.

### Dallas Cowboys

On July 28, 2015, he was signed as a free agent by the Dallas Cowboys. He was waived injured on August 8.

### New Orleans Saints

On August 17, 2015, Anderson was signed by the New Orleans Saints. On September 5, 2015, he was released by the Saints.
# San Martín de Mendoza

Atlético Club San Martín (popularly known as San Martín de Mendoza) is a football club from the city of San Martín in Mendoza Province, Argentina. The team currently plays in the Torneo Federal A, which is the regionalised third division of the Argentine football league system.

## Overview

San Martín de Mendoza has played 8 seasons at the top level of Argentine football, more specifically in the Torneo Nacional tournaments of 1967, 1969, 1971–74, 1976, 1978. San Martín's best ever finish was a third position in its zone, achieved in 1974 and 1978.
San Martín was relegated from Primera B Nacional at the end of 2005–06 after losing the playoff against San Martín de Tucumán. The club was then found guilty of match-fixing in the 2006–07 season. Therefore San Martín was punished with a 10-point deduction, which left the team in the relegation zone. San Martín finally was relegated for a second time in a year, this time to the Torneo Argentino B.

## Honours
### National

* Torneo Argentino A
** Winners (1): 1996–97

### Regional

* Primera A de Liga Mendocina
** Winners (10): 1963, 1966, 1973, 1975, 1979, 1987, 1992, 2009, 2018, 2022
# Block 10

Block 10 was a barrack at the Auschwitz concentration camp where men and women were used as experimental subjects for Nazi doctors. The experiments in Block 10 tested bodily reactions to various substances, ranging from no effect to sterilization.
Although Block 10 was in Auschwitz I, a part of the camp mainly used for male political prisoners, the experiments conducted were mostly on women. The main doctors who worked in Block 10 were Carl Clauberg, Horst Schumann, Eduard Wirths, Bruno Weber and August Hirt. Each of them had different methods in doing experiments on the inmates.
The prisoners at Auschwitz were also deported to other sites where experimental subjects were needed. For example, twenty Jewish children were transported to the Neuengamme concentration camp in Hamburg where they were injected with virulent tubercular serum and subjected to other experiments, and later murdered at the Bullenhuser Damm school.

## The doctors

* Carl Clauberg — He focused on sterilization by injection. His method was to inject a caustic substance into the cervix in order to obstruct the fallopian tubes. Subjects died during the sterilization whilst others experienced severe pain and infection. His experimental subjects were married women between the ages of twenty and forty who had already had children.
* Horst Schumann — His experimental subjects were healthy men and women in their late teens or early twenties, on whom he attempted X-ray sterilization. Victims experienced radiation burns and suppuration upon exposure. The body parts that were affected, mainly the ovaries and testicles, were then surgically removed for examination.
* Eduard Wirths — He focused on the pre-cancerous growth of cervixes, where he frequently photographed cervixes of female prisoners without their consent, amputated them and sent both the photographs and specimen to Dr. Hinselmann. In addition, he sterilized many women by subjecting their ovaries to radiation or surgical removal. He also promoted Josef Mengele in August 1944.
* Bruno Weber — He tested the compatibility of blood types by bleeding prisoners and injecting them with other blood groups. He also experimented on barbiturates and morphine derivatives for mind control purposes.
* August Hirt — He was responsible for organizing a Jewish skull collection from 86 prisoners, to prove their "racial inferiority". He also tested mustard gas on prisoners.
# Transtillaspis golondrinana

Transtillaspis golondrinana is a species of moth of the family Tortricidae. It is found in Carchi Province, Ecuador.
The wingspan is about 18 mm.

## Etymology

The species name refers to Golondrinas, the type locality.
# Balkumari College

Balkumari College (Nepali: बालकुमारी कलेज) is an educational institution of higher learning, located in Narayangarh, Chitwan, Nepal. It was established on 18 September 1986. Balkumari College is affiliated to Tribhuwan University for bachelor's degree and to NEB for 11 and 12 grade.

## Courses offered

* 10+2 in Management, Hotel Management,Education, Humanities Stream (National Education Board (NEB), Sano Thimi, Nepal)
* Bachlelor in Science in Microbiology, Bachelor in Environmental Science, Bachelor in Hotel Management, Bachelor in Information Management, Bachelor in Business Studies, Bachelor in Education, Bachelor in Education Information Communication Technology, Bachelor in Business Administration
* Master in Business Studies(MBS) & Master in Education (M.Ed.)
Health Programs: Staff Nurse, CMA and ANM

## Affiliations and Partners

* Tribhuvan University Kathmandu
* World Bank
* University Grants Commission, Sanothimi, Bhaktapur
* Peacecrops Nepal
* Chaudhary Group of Industries
* Lions Clubs International
* Gonoshasthaya Kendra, Savar, Bangladesh
* Nepal Family Health Project
* State University of Bangladesh, Dhaka
* California State University, Fullerton
* State University of California, San Bernardino
* PUM (ex experts’ team of the Netherlands, the Hague)
* Mumbai University, Mumbai, India
* Delhi University, New Delhi
* Pune University, Pune, India
* Goa University, Goa, India
* Microbiologist's Society, India
* Winrock International, VTA program, (Farmer to Farmer)
* American Center, Kathmandu
* Narayangarh Chamber of Commerce & Industries
* PHD Chamber of Commerce and Industry, New Delhi, India
* Research Division, Tribhuvan University
* Family Planning Association of Nepal
* love Green Nepal, Nara Devi, Kathmandu, Nepal
* Nepal AOTS Alumni Society, Kathmandu, Nepal
# Dulab, Isfahan

Dulab (Persian: دولاب, also Romanized as Dūlāb) is a village in Baraan-e Shomali Rural District, in the Central District of Isfahan County, Isfahan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 493, in 120 families.
# Sheikh Abdul Jabbar

Sheikh Abdul Jabbar was an Indian politician and freedom fighter from Jammu and Kashmir. He held various positions in his political career, including serving as a Cabinet Minister, MLA, and MLC.
In 1984, Sheikh Abdul Jabbar left the Jammu & Kashmir National Conference to join the rebel faction led by Ghulam Mohammad Shah. During Shah's tenure as Chief Minister, Abdul Jabbar was appointed as the Law Minister of Jammu & Kashmir. Previously, Sheikh Abdul Jabbar was regarded as a close associate of Sheikh Mohammad Abdullah of the National Conference.
He was assassinated on 18 April 1990, in his hometown of Lar Ganderbal, Kashmir. He was killed by four terrorists who had connections with the Allah Tigers and had returned from Azad Kashmir as members of Hizbul Mujahideen.
# Cham Seyl

Cham Seyl (Persian: چم سيل; also known as Sorkheh Mehr and Sorkheh Mehrī) is a village in Kuhdasht-e Shomali Rural District, in the Central District of Kuhdasht County, Lorestan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 226, in 43 families.
# Landport (Gibraltar)

The Landport (Spanish: Puerta de Tierra) is a gate into the territory of Gibraltar. It was originally the only entrance to the fortification from the land and so was heavily fortified and guarded.

## Description

After the territory was first captured from the Spanish in 1704, the British defended the Landport with twenty guns. The gate was subsequently defended by the Inundation — a flooded and fortified area of ground measuring about 200 yards (180 m) in length by about 60 yards (55 m) broad and was "nearly man-height" in depth. There were also obstacles in it such as chevaux de frise and metal hoops. There was also a moat covering the northern approach — the Landport Ditch. The ditch's defences included a palisade and a gunpowder mine which could be exploded beneath an assault. To cross these defences, there was a drawbridge which was pulled up at night. Tobacco smugglers would exit the gate at this time and lurk outside, waiting for an opportunity to cross the neutral ground into Spain during the night.
# Baghjeghaz-e Olya

Baghjeghaz-e Olya (Persian: باغجغازعليا, also Romanized as Bāghjeghāz-e ‘Olyā; also known as Baghchehqāz-e Bālā and Bāghjeghāz-e Bālā) is a village in Qaflankuh-e Sharqi Rural District, Kaghazkonan District, Meyaneh County, East Azerbaijan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 306, in 83 families.
# San Severino, Centola

San Severino is an Italian village and hamlet (frazione) of the municipality of Centola in the Province of Salerno, Campania. As of 2011 its population was 435.

## History

The village was founded in the 10th-11th century. Until 1861, it was known as San Severino di Camerota. The original settlement is located upon a hill but was gradually abandoned during the end of the 19th century after the construction of a railway line. New houses were built in the valley, just below the hill but closer to the railway. Nowadays, the ancient village is a ghost town and a preserved heritage, because of the conservation status of its medieval structure.

## Geography

Located in the valley of Mingardo river, close to the mount Bulgheria, San Severino is found along the provincial road SP 109, in southern Cilento. It is 4 km far from Foria and Poderia, 6 from Celle di Bulgheria, 8 from Centola, 10 from Palinuro (by the sea), 15 from Camerota and 16 from Marina di Camerota. The modern village is linked to the medieval one by a pedestrian trail.

## Transport

In San Severino, there is a railway station of Centola which is part of the Salerno-Reggio Calabria line, linking the village to direct trains to Naples and Cosenza.
The village is also served by a highway (Salerno-Battipaglia-Paestum-Agropoli-Vallo della Lucania-Policastro-Sapri), at the exit of "Poderia-Palinuro", 2,5 km far.
# Vasily Bezsmelnitsyn

Vasily Bezsmelnitsyn (born 18 January 1975) is a Russian former alpine skier who competed in the 1994 Winter Olympics and 1998 Winter Olympics. He received the international master of sports [ru] status in 1994.
After the end of his sports career, he became a coach.
# Al-Rifa'i District

30°17′54″N 48°16′21″E﻿ / ﻿30.29833°N 48.27250°E﻿ / 30.29833; 48.27250
Al-Rifai district (Arabic: قضاء الرفاعي) is an Iraqi district located in the Dhi Qar Governorate, 80 km north of Nasiriyah and 300 km south of Baghdad. Its name is attributed to Sheikh Ahmed al-Rifa'i, founder of the Rifa'i Sufi order. It includes the administrative center of the city of Al-Rifai and the towns Al Nasir, Al Fajir (ناحية الفجر) and Qalat Sukkar. The district has a population of 450,000 people, mostly Arabs and Shias who work in agriculture, small business, and government jobs.

## Al-Rifai city

Al-Rifai city was built in 1880. In the mid 19th century, it attracted merchants from all around Iraq due to the agricultural plenty, especially wheat, barley, dates, and Arabic horses which had been exported to India. At first scattered houses and silos were built on both banks of Al-Gharraf River. The city was upgraded to a district in 1928.

## Garraf oil field

Garraf oil field located in al-Rafai district roughly 5 km northwest al-Rafai city. It was explored in 1984. The oil field is 17.5 km long and 5.5 km wide and holds between 860 million-1 billion barrels. The yield oil is kind of light oil, its API gravity varies from 15° to 36°.
Garraf oil field was awarded to consortium led by Malaysian petronas with Japanese Jappex as secondary partner in Second licensing round in December 2009. According to the deal the remuneration fee offered was $1.49 and the 'plateau production target' was 150,000 barrels per day.
So the agreement provides that Iraqi government representing by South Oil Company has 25% share of garraf oil field while Petronas has 45% and Japex hold 30% stake.

## Sumer university

Sumer university is a Public university located in al Rafai city, found in 2011. It consists of three colleges: college of Agriculture, college of management and economy, and college of basic education.
# Kozhukhovskaya

Kozhukhovskaya (Russian: Кожуховская) is a station on Moscow Metro's Lyublinsko-Dmitrovskaya line. Named after the district it is located in, the station was opened on December 28, 1995 as part of the first stage of the Lyublinsky radius. The station is a single vaulted design with a back vault to accommodate for the additional hydroisolation required.
The theme of the decoration is history of automobile design which shows the perfection of the station walls made of white marble turning into a large aluminum ceiling. Darker, brown marble is used for lower regions of the back vault and lighting comes from very large and contrasting red metallic structures hanging from the main vault. Grey granite also contributes to the station's very bright appearance. The architects are A.Vigdorov and L.Borzenkov.
The station has one vestibule with a glazed pavilion on the corner of Yuzhnoportovaya and Trofimova streets.
# Dickson Fjord

Dickson Fjord (Danish: Dicksons Fjord) is a fjord in King Christian X Land, eastern Greenland.
Administratively, it lies in the Northeast Greenland National Park area. This fjord is part of the King Oscar Fjord system.

## History

This fjord was first surveyed in 1899 by Swedish Arctic explorer Alfred Gabriel Nathorst during the Swedish Greenland Expedition in search of survivors of S. A. Andrée's Arctic balloon expedition of 1897. Nathorst named it after Swedish politician Robert Dickson (1843–1924), one of the financial backers of the venture.
In 1930 Norwegian ship Veslekari reached the head of Dickson Fjord and recorded a sounding of 568.75 m (1,866.0 ft), but sudden shoaling prevented the ship from anchoring.
On 16 September 2023, a significant landslide, consisting primarily of ice and rock, occurred in Dickson Fjord, triggering a 200-meter-high tsunami. However, the tsunami was not immediately observed due to a seiche formation. A seiche is a standing wave oscillating back and forth within a confined body of water, such as a fjord. In this case, the seiche phenomenon caused the tsunami wave to be trapped and amplified within the fjord for approximately nine days, resulting in unusual seismic readings worldwide.

## Geography

Dickson Fjord is in the northernmost area of the King Oscar Fjord system. It is the biggest branch of Kempe Fjord. Its mouth opens on the northern side at the western end of the fjord, where there is a junction of three branches, the other two being Röhss Fjord and Rhedin Fjord. It runs roughly northwestwards for about 15 km (9.3 mi) and then roughly to the WSW for 20 km (12 mi). The Hisinger Glacier has its terminus at the fjord's head and the Fulach Glacier in the northern shore.
High mountains surround Dickson Fjord, and its shores are very steep. The head is located in the isthmus area of Suess Land, only about 6 kilometres (3.7 mi) south of the head of Kjerulf Fjord. The northern shore of the fjord is part of Suess Land, and the southwestern of Gletscherland, where the highest point, about 2,194 m (7,198 ft) high Mount Lugano (Lugano Bjerg), rises in the vicinity.
| Map of Northeastern Greenland | East Greenland Terra/MODIS satellite image |
# Baglan

Baglan may refer to:

## Places
### India

* Baglan Kingdom, a small local principality that existed between (1308-1619), in west-central India
* Baglan Taluka, a tehsil in Nashik District, Maharashtra State

### Turkey

* Bağlan, Lice

### Wales

* Baglan, Neath Port Talbot, a village in Neath Port Talbot County Borough
* Baglan (electoral ward), local government electoral area in Neath Port Talbot County Borough
* Baglan Bay, part of Swansea Bay

## People

* Saint Baglan, a Welsh saint

## Book

* Book of Baglan, Welsh manuscript written by 1607
# Hapoel

Hapoel (Hebrew: הפועל, lit. 'the worker') is an Israeli Jewish sports association established in 1926 by the Histadrut Labor Federation.

## History

During the British Mandate of Palestine period Hapoel had a bitter rivalry with Maccabi and organized its own competitions, with the exception of football, the only sport in which all the organizations played each other. At the time, Hapoel took no part in the Eretz Israel Olympic Committee, which was controlled by Maccabi, and instead sought for international ties with similar workers sports organizations of socialist parties. Therefore, Hapoel became a member of SASI in 1927 and later was a member of CSIT.
After the State of Israel was established, the rival sport organizations reached a 1951 agreement that allowed joint sports associations and competitions open for all Israeli residents.

## General sports clubs

* Hapoel Jerusalem
* Hapoel Tel Aviv
* Hapoel Holon
* Hapoel Haifa
* Hapoel Rishon LeZion (handball), Hapoel Rishon LeZion F.C. and others in Rishon LeZion

## Basketball clubs

* Hapoel Haifa
* Hapoel Afula
* Hapoel Gilboa Galil
* Hapoel Holon
* Hapoel Jerusalem
* Hapoel Tel Aviv
* Hapoel Be'er Sheva

## Football clubs

* Hapoel Acre
* Hapoel Afula
* Hapoel Ashdod
* Hapoel Ashkelon
* Hapoel Asi Gilboa
* Hapoel Balfouria
* Hapoel Be'er Sheva
* Hapoel Beit She'an
* Hapoel Bnei Ashdod
* Hapoel Bnei Jadeidi
* Hapoel Bnei Lod
* Hapoel Bnei Tamra
* Hapoel Haifa
* Hapoel Hampstead
* Hapoel Herzliya
* Hapoel Hod HaSharon
* Hapoel Holon
* Hapoel Ironi Kiryat Shmona
* Hapoel Jerusalem
* Hapoel Kfar Saba
* Hapoel Kiryat Gat
* Hapoel Kiryat Shalom
* Hapoel Mahane Yehuda
* Hapoel Marmorek
* Hapoel Mevaseret Zion-Abu Ghosh
* Hapoel Nof HaGalil
* Hapoel Petah Tikva
* Hapoel Ra'anana
* Hapoel Ramat Gan
* Hapoel Rishon LeZion
* Hapoel Tayibe
* Hapoel Tel Aviv
* Hapoel Tiberias
* Hapoel Tzafririm Holon
* Hapoel Umm al-Fahm
* Hapoel Yehud
# Guldpipan

Guldpipan (English: golden whistle) officially known as SICO:s guldpipa, is a Swedish ice hockey award, awarded annually since 1982 to the premier referee in the Swedish Hockey League (SHL) as judged by the members of Sveriges ishockeyspelares centralorganisation (SICO; English: Sweden's ice hockey players central organisation). The award holds a high status among officials since only players are allowed to vote. Ulf Rådbjer has the record of winning the award seven consecutive times.

## Winners

| Year | Winner | Win # |
| 1982 | Gary Eriksson | 1 |
| 1983 | Gary Eriksson | 2 |
| 1984 | Lars Henriksson | 1 |
| 1985 | Ulf Lindgren | 1 |
| 1986 | Gary Eriksson | 3 |
| 1987 | Kjell Lind | 1 |
| 1988 | Kjell Lind | 2 |
| 1989 | Kjell Lind | 3 |
| 1990 | Börje Johansson | 1 |
| 1991 | Börje Johansson | 2 |
| 1992 | Börje Johansson | 3 |
| 1993 | Roger Öberg | 1 |
| 1994 | Jörgen Grundström | 1 |
| 1995 | Roger Öberg | 2 |
| 1996 | Roger Öberg | 3 |
| 1997 | Ulf Rådbjer | 1 |
| 1998 | Ulf Rådbjer | 2 |
| 1999 | Ulf Rådbjer | 3 |
| 2000 | Ulf Rådbjer | 4 |
| 2001 | Ulf Rådbjer | 5 |
| 2002 | Ulf Rådbjer | 6 |
| 2003 | Ulf Rådbjer | 7 |
| 2004 | Thomas Andersson | 1 |
| 2005 | Thomas Andersson | 2 |
| 2006 | Thomas Andersson | 3 |
| 2007 | Thomas Andersson | 4 |
| 2008 | Marcus Vinnerborg | 1 |
| 2009 | Marcus Vinnerborg | 2 |
| 2010 | Marcus Vinnerborg | 3 |
| 2011 | Ulf Rönnmark | 1 |
| 2012 | Ulf Rönnmark | 2 |
| 2013 | Ulf Rönnmark | 3 |
| 2014 | Mikael Nord | 1 |
| 2015 | Mikael Nord | 2 |
| 2016 | Mikael Nord | 3 |
| 2017 | Mikael Nord | 4 |
| 2018 | Mikael Nord | 5 |
| 2019 | Mikael Sjöqvist | 1 |
| 2021 | Mikael Nord | 6 |
# McGillivray Creek (British Columbia)

McGillivray Creek is a creek located in the Interior of British Columbia, in the Lillooet Country.
The creek originates in the Cadwallader Range, below Prospector Peaks, and flows southeast into Anderson Lake near D'Arcy, which is about midway between Pemberton and Lillooet along the rail line.
It originates at an elevation of 2,100 m (6,900 ft), while the mouth lies at an elevation of 270 m (890 ft). McGillivray Falls, on the lower reaches of the creek, is a notable waterfall in the district and is the namesake of the one-time railway-lakeside resort, McGillivray Falls, British Columbia, which is located at trackside around the creek's mouth. During World War II, this was one of four communities in the Lillooet Country which were "self-supporting" centres for Japanese-Canadians ordered away from the Coast.

## History

McGillivray Creek was named for Archie McGillivray (born 1829), who settled to ranch at Campbell Creek near Kamloops early in the 20th Century, and was active in racing circles. During the 1890s the Brett Group Mine near the falls was an important speculation and rich producer during the years of its operation. Near the creek's headwaters at McGillivray Pass a jade and silver prospect by Delina Noel kept her from taking the time to travel to town to receive a provincial award.