OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Werner Zimmermann (canoeist)

Werner Zimmermann (19 May 1915 – 1990) was a Swiss slalom and sprint canoeist who competed from the mid-1930s to the mid-1950s. As a slalom canoeist, he won three medals at the ICF Canoe Slalom World Championships with a gold (folding K-1 team: 1949) and two bronzes (folding K-1: 1949, folding K-1 team: 1951). As a sprint canoeist, he competed in two Summer Olympics. At the 1936 Summer Olympics, he finished sixth in the K-2 10000 m event. Twelve years later, he finished 11th in the K-2 10000 m event.
# Shafiabad, Gilan

Shafiabad (Persian: شفيع اباد, also Romanized as Shafī‘ābād) is a village in Shuil Rural District, Rahimabad District, Rudsar County, Gilan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 99, in 36 families.
# Drăgoiești

Drăgoiești (German: Dragojestie) is a commune located in Suceava County, Romania. It is composed of three villages: Drăgoiești, Lucăcești and Măzănăești.
# Roman Kudinov

Roman Kudinov (born June 23, 1992) is a Russian professional ice hockey defenceman currently playing for Dynamo St. Petersburg in the Supreme Hockey League (VHL).
Kudinov played with HC Vityaz Podolsk of the Kontinental Hockey League (KHL) during the 2012–13 season.
# Vicaria

Vicaria (Italian: residence of the Viceroy), often known as Il Vasto, is one of the 30 quartieri of Naples, southern Italy, lying immediately to the east of the historical city centre (Centro storico).
It borders the districts of Poggioreale, Zona Industriale and San Lorenzo, which together with Vicaria make up the 4th municipality of the city. It also borders the district of San Carlo all'Arena, in the 3rd municipality.
Vicaria comprises a relatively small area, 0.72 km$^2$. It had a population in 2009 of 16,369 inhabitants.
It takes its name from the eastern section of the Via dei Tribunali (the "street of the courthouses"), in the neighbourhood of San Lorenzo, once known as the "Via della Vicaria", since the Vicaria (the still-prominent Palazzo Ricca at the east end of the street) housed the main tribunal under the Spanish viceroys.
# Hidato

Hidato (Hebrew: חידאתו, originating from the Hebrew word Hida = Riddle), also known as "Hidoku", is a logic puzzle game invented by Dr. Gyora M. Benedek, an Israeli mathematician. The goal of Hidato is to fill the grid with consecutive numbers that connect horizontally, vertically, or diagonally. The name Hidato is a registered trademark. Some publishers use different names for this puzzle such as Number Snake, Snakepit (both of which play on the game's similarity in concept to the video game Snake), Jadium or Numbrix.

## About the puzzle

In Hidato, a grid of cells is given. It is usually square-shaped, like Sudoku or Kakuro, but it can also include hexagons or any shape that forms a tessellation. It can have inner holes (like a disc), but it has to be made of only one piece.
The goal is to fill the grid with a series of consecutive numbers adjacent to each other vertically, horizontally, or diagonally.
In every Hidato puzzle the smallest and the highest numbers are given on the grid. There are also other given numbers on the grid (with values between the smallest and the highest) to help direct the player how to start the solution and to ensure that Hidato has a single solution.
Note: the above condition on the smallest or highest numbers are sometimes relaxed: only their values can be given, without their positions on the grid (of course, the difference between these values must be equal to the number of cells in the grid minus one). This may lead to harder puzzles.
Every well-formed Hidato puzzle is supposed to have a unique solution. Moreover, a Hidato puzzle intended for human solvers should have a solution that can be found by (more or less) simple logic. However, there exist very hard Hidato puzzles, even of small size.

## Distribution

Numbrix puzzles, which appear in Parade magazine, are similar to Hidato except diagonal moves are not allowed.(vos Savant has only used 7×7 and 9×9 grids). Jadium puzzles (formerly Snakepit puzzles), created by Jeff Marchant, are a more difficult version of Numbrix with fewer given numbers and have appeared on the Parade web site regularly since 2014, along with a daily online version of Numbrix.

## Solving techniques

As in many logic puzzles, the basic resolution technique consists of analyzing the possibilities for each number of being present in each cell. When a cell can contain only one number (Naked Single) or when a number has only one possible place (Hidden Single), it can be asserted as belonging to the solution.
One key to the solution is, it does not have to be built in ascending (or descending) order; it can be built piecewise, with pieces starting from different givens.
As in the Sudoku case, the resolution of harder Hidato or Numbrix puzzles requires the use of more complex techniques - in particular of various types of chain patterns.
# Aghcheh Darband

Aghcheh Darband (Persian: اغچه دربند, also Romanized as Āghcheh Darband; also known as Āqjeh Darband) is a village in Owch Tappeh-ye Sharqi Rural District, in the Central District of Meyaneh County, East Azerbaijan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 64, in 11 families.
# Krishna Shah (Nepalese royal)

Krishna Shah (Nepali: कृष्ण शाह; ?–1661) was King of the Gorkha Kingdom in the Indian subcontinent, present-day Nepal, who succeeded his father Dambar Shah and reigned from 1645 till his death in 1661. He was the father of his successor Rudra Shah.
| Preceded byDambar Shah | King of Gorkha 1645–1661 | Succeeded byRudra Shah |
# West Town, Hayling Island

West Town is a village on Hayling Island in the borough of Havant in the county of Hampshire, England. It is on the south coast of the island, between Sinah to the west and Eastoke to the east. The wide area between the seafront road and the sea is known as Beachlands.

## History

William Padwick was responsible for the development of West Town in the mid nineteenth century. The name Beachlands for the common to the sea is understood to have been coined by George Henry How, the adopted son of Sophia Budd who bought Norfolk House from William Padwick's estate after his death.

## Culture and community
### Culture

* The Station Theatre is converted from the South Hayling Goods shed at the end of the Hayling Billy trail on the disused Hayling Island branch line.

### Community

* The Hayling Island Community Centre is situated in Hayling Park

## Landmarks

* Royal hotel, a grade II listed building now used for apartments.
* The Royal Shades, a grade II listed public house.

## Sport and leisure

* The Blue Flag beach is a suitable for safe bathing
* A pitch and put and putting green is present at the west end of Beachlands near the Inn on the Beach
* Funland Amusement Park, an amusement park
* The southern end of the Hayling Billy trail is at Station Road, West Town.
* The current western terminus of the Hayling Seaside Railway is at Beachlands.

## Notable people

* William Padwick, Lord of the Manor of Hayling Island foresaw the development of West Town and Beachlands in the 1900s.

## Transport

* West town is on the 30(anticlockwise)/31(clockwise) route operated by Stagecoach South that runs a circular route round the south of Hayling Island before returning to Havant for onward rail and bus connections.
# Chelsea Moscript

Chelsea Moscript (born 4 October 1995) is an Australian cricketer who currently plays for Australian Capital Territory in the Women's National Cricket League (WNCL). She plays as a left-handed batter and right-arm leg break bowler.

## Domestic career

In 2014, Moscript played for Cricket Without Borders at the ICC East Asia-Pacific Women's Championship, and was both the side's leading run-scorer and joint-leading wicket-taker, with 101 runs and 5 wickets. She again appeared for the side at the East Asia-Pacific Regional Qualifier for the 2017 Women's Cricket World Cup.
In October 2023, Moscript made her debut for Australian Capital Territory in a WNCL match against Tasmania, scoring one run and taking one wicket.
# Sacred Heart Church, Plumbridge

54°36′04″N 7°18′32″W﻿ / ﻿54.601°N 7.309°W﻿ / 54.601; -7.309
Sacred Heart Church is a Roman Catholic church in the village of Plumbridge, County Tyrone in Northern Ireland. It was built in 1896 and is a Grade B2 listed building.

## History

Sacred Heart Church was constructed in 1896. There had previously been a Roman Catholic chapel in the village as late as 1833 with a graveyard added in 1888. The land which Sacred Heart Church was built on was leased by John MacFarland and designated as a location for the new church in 1894. The church retains the majority of its original external fittings. It first featured on a map in 1905 in the Third Edition of the Ordnance Survey map.
In 1950, £100 was donated, to pay for repairs, to the church tower by a local resident. It was granted grade B2 listed status on 2 November 1989. The reasons for the listing were due to the fact that "The building retains much of its original character both externally and internally..." and that it "...is one of the most significant buildings in Plumbridge" according to the Department for Communities. Following this, the internal areas of the church were refurbished in 1990 with new pews being erected and new doors being installed. A plaque commemorating this was attached to the base of the church tower.
In 2017, the church was damaged by flooding which resulted in a fundraising campaign being set up for the repairs. A local singer raised over £2,000 for the church in a concert.
# Sture Andersson

Carl Sture Mikael Andersson (born 18 November 1949) is an ice hockey player who played for the Swedish national team. He won a bronze medal at the 1980 Winter Olympics.
# Heneage Finch, 6th Earl of Aylesford

Heneage Finch, 6th Earl of Aylesford DL (24 December 1824 – 10 January 1871), styled Lord Guernsey until 1859, was a British peer and politician.

## Background

Born in Packington, Warwickshire, Aylesford was the son of Heneage Finch, 5th Earl of Aylesford and his wife Lady Augusta Sophia, fourth daughter of George Greville, 2nd Earl of Warwick.

## Cricket

A keen amateur cricketer, Aylesford played first-class cricket mostly for the Marylebone Cricket Club, but also played first-class cricket for other teams. He made 21 first-class appearances, scoring 200 runs at an average of 7.14, with a high score of 28 not out.

## Political career

Finch became a major of the Warwickshire Yeomanry Cavalry in 1848 and represented the county as Deputy Lieutenant from 1852. He entered the British House of Commons in 1849, sitting for Warwickshire South until 1857. Two years later, he succeeded his father in the earldom and took his seat in the House of Lords.

## Family

Lord Aylesford married Jane Wightwick Knightley (1827–1911), only daughter and heiress of John Wightwick Knightley of Offchurch Bury in Warwickshire, in 1846.
They had two sons and one daughter:
* Joseph Heneage Finch, 7th Earl of Aylesford.
* Charles Wightwick Finch, 8th Earl of Aylesford.
* Anne Francesca Wilhelmina Finch.
He died in London in January 1871, aged 46, and was succeeded in the earldom by his eldest son, Heneage. The Countess of Aylesford died in October 1911.
# Céline Amaudruz

Céline Marie-Claire Amaudruz (French pronunciation:; born 15 March 1979) is a Swiss banker, attorney and politician who currently serves on the National Council (Switzerland) for the Swiss People's Party since 2011. Amaudruz previously served as president of the Grand Council of Geneva between 2010 and 2016. She is among the richest Swiss politicians in the legislative estimated by Handelszeitung.

## Early life and education

Amaudruz was born 15 March 1979 in Geneva, Switzerland. She is the youngest daughter of attorney Michel Max Amaudruz (1939-2022) and his wife Dominique (née Guiramand). Her family is an industrial/law family. She has one sister. Her father was an attorney, member of the Grand Council of Geneva for the Swiss People's Party and controlling majority owner of Groupe Minoteries, a flour mill concern, which is based in Valbroye, Switzerland. He has been listed as a reputable lawyer by Martindale-Hubell. She studied law at the University of Geneva (Licentiate) and a Master of Business Administration (MBA) from IMD Business School.

## Career

Initially, she spent six years for her parents Law firm, both practicing lawyers. She worked for the law firm Poncet Turrettini Amaudruz Neyroud & Associes in Geneva during her studies, in which her father was a partner. Later she engaged in wealth management at UBS and Julius Bär. Amaudruz currently works as a relationship manager in wealth management for REYL & Cie, a private bank in Geneva.
Amaudruz currently serves on the board of directors of Steiner Mühle in Lauperswil, TP Publicité SA, Groupe Minoteries SA and Transport public genevois (TPG) in Lancy. She is on the board of trustees of Fondation de prévoyance en faveur du personel tpg and Fondation de prévoyange en faveur du personel du groupe Minoteries SA (both private pension funds).

## Politics

Amaudruz began her political career while serving in the Grand Council of Geneva between October 2009 and October 2011. She was ultimately elected into the National Council (Switzerland) for the Swiss People's Party during the 2011 Swiss federal election and subsequently re-elected in the 2015 Swiss federal election. Between 2011 and 2015, she simultaneously served on the municipal council of Puplinge, Switzerland. She was also cantonal president of the Swiss People's Party in Geneva from 2010 to 2016. Since 2016 she is vice president of the Swiss People's Party.
She is the richest politician in the Swiss
legislative from French-speaking Switzerland.

## Personal life

In 2021, Amaudruz married Michael Andersen (b. c. 1991), in Geneva. They reside in Vandoevres, where Andersen serves on the municipal council for the Swiss People's Party.
# Bal Tark

Baltork (Persian: بلترك, also Romanized as Bāltork) is a village in Siyarastaq Yeylaq Rural District, Rahimabad District, Rudsar County, Gilan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 40, in 20 families.
# Yuri Shablikin

Yuri Mikhailovich Shablikin (Russian: Ю́рий Миха́йлович Шаблы́кин; October 31, 1932, Leningrad, USSR) was a Soviet, Russian realist painter, graphic artist, restorer, art teacher, who live and work in Saint Petersburg, a member of the Saint Petersburg Union of Artists (before 1992 - the Leningrad branch of Union of Artists of Russian Federation), regarded by art historian Sergei V. Ivanov as one of representatives of the Leningrad school of painting.

## Biography

Shablikin was born October 31, 1932, in the Leningrad, USSR.
In 1955 Shablikin graduated from the Leningrad Higher School of Industrial Art named after Vera Mukhina where he studied under Vasily Ushakov, Gleb Savinov, Ivan Stepashkin, Lija Ostrova, Alexander Kazantsev.
Since 1956 Shablikin has participated in art exhibitions. He painted landscapes, still lifes, portraits, genre scenes, worked in monumental painting and as restorer of painting. He exhibited his works in Leningrad in 1976, and in Nyandoma (Arkhangelsk Province) in 1986.
Shablikin most famous for his lyrical landscapes devoted to nature and the life of the northern Russian countryside. For example, he made a lot of paintings about Shozhma River and Shozhma village. He paint his works mostly from the memory, creating the artistic equivalent of his deeply personal perception of nature. At the Russian North he has found not only his own motives, but also a special silver range of colours, which are characteristic of these places and become the feature of his paintings.
Shablikin is a member of the Saint Petersburg Union of Artists since 1960. In the years 1950-1960, he taught at the Department of General Painting at the Leningrad Higher School of Industrial Art named after Vera Mukhina.
His paintings reside in museums and private collections in Russia, Germany, France, England, the U.S., Italy, and others.
# Giulvăz

Giulvăz (Hungarian: Torontálgyülvész; German: Gilwas; Banat Swabian: Djulwess) is a commune in Timiș County, Romania. It is composed of four villages: Crai Nou, Giulvăz (commune seat), Ivanda and Rudna.

## Geography

Giulvăz is located in the southwestern part of the Timiș County. It borders Peciu Nou to the north; Ciacova to the east and southeast, the limit on a great length being the Timiș River; Foeni and Uivar to the west and southwest. The territory of the commune lies in the middle of a low plain area, Ciacova Plain, with altitudes between 80–90 m (260–300 ft).
The climate is characterized by average annual temperatures of 10–11 °C (50–52 °F), average temperatures of −2 °C (28 °F) in January and 22–24 °C (72–75 °F) in July. The average annual rainfall is 500–600 mm (20–24 in). The dominant winds are those from the north, northeast, east and southeast.
The dominant vegetation is the grassy one. The areas with trees and shrubs are few, located especially in the Timiș meadow. The characteristic fauna is that of the steppe represented by rodents such as: suslik, hamster, vole, mole, etc. The birds found here are: sparrow, quail, starling, rook, northern goshawk, magpie, etc. The hunting fauna is represented by hares, pheasants, wild geese and ducks, deer and wild boars.

## History

The first recorded mention of Giulvăz dates from 1355. It was inhabited uninterruptedly, during the Middle Ages and the Turkish occupation of Banat. In Marsigli's writings of 1690–1700, it is mentioned and said to have 27 houses. On Count Mercy's map of 1723 it appears with the name Julves, rounded to the district of Ciacova, and on the military map of 1761 it is listed as a rather important locality. In 1779 it joined the Torontál County to which it belonged until the end of World War I. In 1781 it was bought by the Macedo-Romanians Naum and Constantin Dadan, and later, it remained in the property of the latter. Dadan Hungarianizes and becomes Dadányi. From him, the property is inherited by Count Kinsky, who parcels it in 1909.

## Demographics

Ethnic composition (2011)
Religious composition (2011)
Giulvăz had a population of 3,075 inhabitants at the 2011 census, up 2% from the 2002 census. Most inhabitants are Romanians (79.97%), larger minorities being represented by Serbs (6.44%), Roma (5.5%), Hungarians (1.63%) and Germans (1.04%). For 5.01% of the population, ethnicity is unknown. By religion, most inhabitants are Orthodox (79.84%), but there are also minorities of Pentecostals (7.09%), Roman Catholics (3.54%) and Serbian Orthodox (2.41%). For 5.76% of the population, religious affiliation is unknown.

## Economy

The basic economic activities of Giulvăz are agriculture and animal husbandry, activities favored by the commune's position in the middle of a plain area. Out of the total surface of the commune, 92.75% is agricultural territory in use, with 74.1% arable lands and 22.4% pastures. The agricultural area per inhabitant is 3.5 ha/inhab.
# A Study of Confucius as a Reformer of Institutions

A Study of Confucius as a Reformer of Institutions or On Confucius as a Reformer (Chinese: 孔子改制考), also translated as A Study of Kongzi as a Reformer, A Study of Confucius as Reformist, is a book written by Kang Youwei that preaches the idea of "changing the institutions based on the teachings of the old times" (托古改制). The book was started in 1886 and first published in 1897 to suggest substantial changes to the imperial system of Qing dynasty.
The book dresses up the otherwise conservative Confucius as someone who is full of enterprising spirit and advocating democratic ideas and a notion of equality. According to Kang, Confucius was a visionary of institutional change who articulated a concept of progress that had been obscured by Old Text scholars.
After the publication of A Study of Confucius as a Reformer of Institutions, it yielded a tremendous social influence. Finally, the book was banned by the Qing government in 1898 and again in 1900 for political reasons.
# Cerklje ob Krki

Cerklje ob Krki (pronounced; German: Zirkle) is a settlement on the left bank of the Krka River in the Municipality of Brežice in eastern Slovenia. It is best known for the Cerklje ob Krki Airport north of the settlement. The area is part of the traditional region of Lower Carniola. It is now included in the Lower Sava Statistical Region.

## Name

The settlement was attested in written sources in 1331 as Zirkoviz, and in 1340 as Circowitz. The name Cerklje is derived from the plural accusative demonym *Cerkъvľane, based on the common noun *cerьky 'church' and therefore meaning 'people that live on church territory' or 'people that live in a settlement with a church'. The name of the settlement was changed from Cerklje to Cerklje ob Krki (literally, 'Cerklje on the Krka River') in 1955. The settlement was known as Zirkle in German in the past.

## History

Settlement of the area in antiquity is testified by the remains of a Roman aqueduct running through the village and a nearby Roman grave. A school was established in Cerklje ob Krki in 1854. During the Second World War, in October 1941 the German authorities evicted 30 families from the settlement and resettled Gottschee Germans in their houses. In June 1943 the Partisan Cankar and Šercer brigades attacked the German air base near the settlement, destroying several aircraft. They also attacked a border guard station and military police station in the same operation. This was followed by an Allied air strike on the air base on 25 July 1944, a Partisan attack on a German unit stationed at the school building in October 1944, and a Partisan air strike on the air base in spring 1945. In May 1945 Ustaša forces burned six farm buildings in the settlement.
On 8 August 2013, a temperature of 40.8 °C (105.4 °F) was recorded. This is the highest temperature to have ever been recorded in Slovenia.

## Church

The parish church is dedicated to Saint Mark and belongs to the Roman Catholic Diocese of Novo Mesto. It was built in 1905 to replace a building dating from the beginning of the 17th century. Cerklje ob Krki was elevated to a parish in 1689. The parish cemetery is located west of the church, along the road to Kostanjevica na Krki.

## Notable people

Notable people that were born or lived in Cerklje ob Krki include:
* Mihael Butara (born 1922), Partisan major general
* Martin Končnik (1841–1891), parish priest and hymn writer
* Andrej Račič (1808–1883), organ builder
* Maja Šlajpah (born 1919), technical writer and library specialist
# Vladimir Konyakhin

Vladimir Konyakhin (born 5 August 1943) is a Soviet former sports shooter. He competed in the 50 metre rifle three positions event at the 1968 Summer Olympics.
# John Richard Hardy

John Richard Hardy (18 May 1807 – 21 April 1858) was an English-born Australian pastoralist and gold commissioner.
He was the son of vicar Robert Hardy and Sophia-Adair Hale, of Walberton in Sussex. He was educated at Charterhouse School, then went up to Trinity Hall, Cambridge, in 1826 but moved to Peterhouse in the following year. He played cricket for Cambridge University in 1829 and received a Bachelor of Arts degree in 1831.
Hardy migrated to Sydney in 1832 and edited the Australian for two years. He was credited with introducing roundarm bowling to Australia. He married Clara Stephen, sister of Sir Alfred Stephen, on 18 May 1837. In that year he was also appointed police magistrate at Yass, where he acquired property. He was suspended in 1843 on suspicion of irregular procedures. He was later police magistrate at Parramatta from 1849 to 1851.
Hardy was appointed chief gold commissioner in 1851 soon after gold was discovered; he was considered an able administrator by Godfrey Mundy and John Erskine. He supported the accessibility of gold found on private land, but was accused of giving preference to his brother and also, erroneously, of appropriating funds. A Legislative Council select committee found him "of a character wholly incompatible" with holding his office in 1852 and he was forced into retirement. He published a pamphlet on goldfield issues in 1855, and in 1857 was a founding member of the Yass Mechanics' Institute. He died, childless, in 1858.