OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Arkadiy Belinkov

Arkadiy Viktorovich Belinkov (Russian: Арка́дий Ви́кторович Белинко́в; September 29, 1921, in Moscow, USSR – May 14, 1970, in New Haven, Connecticut) was a Russian writer and literary critic.

## Biography

Belinkov was born into a Jewish family from Gomel. His father, Viktor Lazarevich Belinkov (1901—1980), was a well-known economist; his mother, Mirra Naumovna Belinkova (1900—1971), was a scholar of children's literature. As a child, he was diagnosed with a heart condition and was unable to attend public school. Instead, he studied at home. He received his higher education at the Maxim Gorky Literature Institute and Moscow State University. During World War II, he was briefly employed as a correspondent for the Information Telegraph Agency of Russia. He wrote a number of literary works, including fiction and critiques.
In January 1944, during Joseph Stalin's rule, Belinkov wrote a novel called A Diary of Feelings that was tacitly circulated and read by friends and acquaintances. An anonymous informant leaked this information to the authorities, and Belinkov was arrested and initially sentenced to death. Aleksey Nikolayevich Tolstoy and Viktor Shklovsky interceded for him: the execution was replaced by eight years of imprisonment in Karlag (Karaganda Gulag branch). However, while serving his sentence in 1950–1951, Belinkov wrote some anticommunist articles, and his sentence was increased by 25 years.
Upon release from prison, Belinkov returned to Moscow in the autumn of 1956, during the Khrushchev Thaw. He returned to writing, but his literary works contained anti-Soviet pathos that was incompatible with the official dogma of the time. He was allowed, however, to work as a literary scholar, and his biographical/analytical work Yury Tynyanov was received so enthusiastically that two editions appeared in a short space of time.
In 1968 Belinkov and his wife Natalia fled the Soviet Union. After a while they arrived in the United States, at New Haven, Connecticut. He found work as a lecturer at several universities, including Yale.
Belinkov died on May 14, 1970, while undergoing a heart operation in New Haven, Connecticut. He is buried at the Holy Trinity Orthodox Church Cemetery in New Britain, Connecticut.

## Controversy

In Russia, his literary works were banned for many years. They were finally published in the 1990s.

## Themes

Belinkov dedicated his literary works to a number of Russian writers, notably Yury Tynyanov, Alexander Blok, and Yury Olesha. A constant theme in his creative works is the intelligentsia's place in Russian society.
# Aftab Hussain Shah Jillani

Pir Aftab Hussain Shah Jilani is a Pakistani politician who has been a member of the National Assembly of Pakistan since February 2024 and previously served in this position from 2002 to 2013.

## Political career

He was elected to the National Assembly of Pakistan from Constituency NA-226 (Mirpurkhas-I) as a candidate of Pakistan Peoples Party (PPP) in 2002 Pakistani general election. He received 63,638 votes and defeated Rais Ahmed Khan, a candidate of Muttahida Qaumi Movement (MQM).
He was re-elected to the National Assembly from Constituency NA-226 (Mirpurkhas-cum-Umerkot-I) as a candidate of PPP in 2008 Pakistani general election. He received 78,543 votes and defeated Khursheed Ahmed Siddiqui, a candidate of MQM.
He was re-elected to the National Assembly as a candidate of PPP from NA-211 Mirpur Khas-I in the 2024 Pakistani general election. He received 84,512 votes and defeated Syed Ali Nawaz Shah Rizvi, an independent candidate.
# Volokonovsky District

Volokonovsky District (Russian: Волоко́новский райо́н) is an administrative district (raion), one of the twenty-one in Belgorod Oblast, Russia. As a municipal division, it is incorporated as Volokonovsky Municipal District. It is located in the south of the oblast. Its administrative center is the urban locality (a work settlement) of Volokonovka. As of the 2021 Census, the total population of the district was 29,276, with the population of Volokonovka accounting for 35.6% of that number.
# Pont de Sully

The Pont de Sully (or Pont Sully; French pronunciation:) is a bridge across the Seine in Paris, France.
In reality two separate bridges, carrying the Boulevard Henri IV, meet on the eastern tip of the Île Saint-Louis in the 4th arrondissement of Paris. The northern part links the island to the rest of the 4th arrondissement on the Right Bank, while the southern part links the island to the Boulevard Saint-Germain in the 5th arrondissement of Paris on the Left Bank. The nearest Metro station is Sully – Morland, located on the Right Bank.

## History

The current bridge replaced two pedestrian suspension bridges, which had been lost. One, the Passerelle Damiette, linked the island to the Right Bank, and the other, the Passerelle de Constantine, linked the island to the Left Bank. The construction of the pedestrian bridges was authorized by an act of 18 June 1836, in favor of M. de Beaumont, the projector, who would recoup his expenses, valued at 380.000 fr., by collecting tolls. They were constructed by the engineer Surville and opened in January 1838. The Passerelle Damiette was destroyed in the 1848 Revolution, while the Passerelle de Constantine collapsed in 1872 owing to corrosion in its cables.
The current bridge was constructed in 1876, as part of Haussmann's renovation of Paris; it opened on 25 August 1877. It is named in honour of Maximilien de Béthune, duke of Sully (1560–1641) and minister to Henry IV. It was designed by the engineers Paul Vaudrey and Gustave Brosselin. They set it at an angle of about 45 degrees to the river banks, which means that it gives a splendid view over the quais of the Île Saint-Louis and Notre-Dame. The southern part consists of three cast iron arches, while the northern part, over the narrower arm of the river, consists of a central 42-metre arch in cast iron and two 15-metre arches in masonry.
* The collapse of the pedestrian bridge, 1872
* The southern part from the west
* The northern part from the west
# The Prodigal Son in the Brothel

The Prodigal Son in the Brothel or The Prodigal Son in the Tavern or Rembrandt and Saskia in the parable of the prodigal son (German: Rembrandt und Saskia im Gleichnis vom verlorenen Sohn) is a painting by the Dutch master Rembrandt. It is now in the Gemäldegalerie Alte Meister of Dresden, Germany. It is signed "REMBRANDT F.".
It portrays two people who had been identified as Rembrandt himself and his wife Saskia. In the Protestant contemporary world, the theme of the prodigal son was a frequent subject for works of art due to its moral background. Rembrandt himself painted a Return of the Prodigal Son in 1669.
The left side of the canvas was cut, perhaps by the artist himself, to remove secondary characters and focus the observer's attention on the main theme.

## Painting materials

The pigment analysis shows Rembrandt's choice of the usual baroque pigments such as red ochre, lead-tin-yellow, madder lake and smalt and also his elaborate multilayer painting technique.
# What Our Lord Saw from the Cross

What Our Lord Saw from the Cross (Ce que voyait Notre-Seigneur sur la Croix) is a c. 1890 watercolor painting by the French painter James Tissot. The work is unusual for its portrayal of the Crucifixion of Jesus from the perspective of Jesus on the cross, rather than featuring Christ at the center of the work. The scene shows witnesses, including Jesus' followers (the women and the disciple whom Jesus loved), participants, and bystanders; of Jesus' own body only the feet can be seen, at the bottom of the picture.
The painting is part of the series The Life of Jesus Christ, a series of 350 watercolors of events from the Gospels completed by Tissot. He prepared for these by extensive travels in the Middle East to study details of contemporary life, which he used in the paintings. Prints were also published of the compositions. The whole watercolor series, completed between 1886 and 1894, was acquired in 1900 by the Brooklyn Museum in New York.
# Teona Bostashvili

Teona Bostashvili (born January 19, 1998) is a Georgian swimmer. She competed at the 2016 Summer Olympics in the women's 100 metre backstroke; her time of 1:22.91 in the heats did not qualify her for the semifinals.
# Gheorghe Cipăianu

Gheorghe Cipăianu (3 November 1878–1957) was an Austro-Hungarian-born Romanian agronomist and politician.
He was born in Cipăieni (Keménytelke), a village east of the Transylvanian town of Turda, in Torda-Aranyos County, nowadays in Mureș County. Cipăianu attended high school in Blaj before leaving for Bucharest, capital of the Romanian Old Kingdom. There, he studied at the Herăstrău Agricultural School, finishing first in his class in 1899. He then studied at the agronomy institute in Leipzig, graduating in 1906, and obtained a doctorate from Leipzig University in 1909. His scientific research focused on the maize and sugar beet harvest. Entering government service in 1911 as a rural inspector for the Agriculture Ministry, he sat on the economic council in the War Ministry during World War I, from 1916 to 1917. In 1917–1918, he was prefect of Neamț County. He then re-entered the Agriculture Ministry, serving as general secretary from 1918 to 1919, a period that coincided with the union of Transylvania with Romania. From 1920 to 1922, he headed the central agency for cooperatives and land distribution, around the time of a major land reform. He was deputy state secretary in the ministry from 1923 to 1926, and again from 1927 to 1928.
A member of the National Liberal Party from 1910, he represented Târnava-Mică and Turda Counties in the Romanian Parliament on several occasions, as Senator from 1922 to 1926 and as Deputy in 1931 and 1933. From November 1933 to February 1934, he was Agriculture Minister in the cabinets of Ion G. Duca, Constantin Angelescu, and Gheorghe Tătărescu. In late 1944, he was part of the committee that prepared another land reform. In May 1950, early during the communist regime, Cipăianu was arrested. Sentenced to prison, he passed through Sighet penitentiary before being freed in 1955. He died two years later.
Cipăianu was a grand officer in the Order of the Star of Romania and the Order of the Crown.

## Writings

Cipăianu wrote several books, including
* Manual de agricultură. 1912.
* Introducerea sfeclei de zahăr pentru sămânță în România. 1908.
* Combaterea crizei agricole prin raționalizarea producției. 1931.
# Renee Reid

Renee Reid (born 28 May 1978) is a former professional tennis player from Australia.

## Biography

Reid, who grew up in Sydney, was a product of the Australian Institute of Sport and played on the professional tour in the late 1990s, with a best ranking of 174 in the world.
Reid competed in Australian Open qualifying for the first time in 1996, where she had a win over Patty Schnyder, before falling in the second round. In 1997 she lost to Amélie Mauresmo in qualifying, then in 1998 received a wildcard into the main draw. In what would be her only main draw appearance, Reid was beaten in the opening round by Elena Likhovtseva. She also completed in the women's doubles with Samantha Smith.
She is the elder sister of tennis player Todd Reid.

## ITF Circuit finals
### Singles (2–3)

* $25,000 tournaments
* $10,000 tournaments
| Result | No. | Date | Tournament | Surface | Opponent | Score |
| Loss | 1. | 15 December 1996 | São Paulo, Brazil | Clay | Laura Montalvo | 2–6, 7–5, 2–6 |
| Loss | 2. | 11 May 1997 | Maryborough, Australia | Hard | Cindy Watson | 4–6, 2–6 |
| Loss | 3. | 18 May 1997 | Caboolture, Australia | Hard | Shinobu Asagoe | 4–6, 1–6 |
| Win | 1. | 25 May 1997 | Gympie, Australia | Hard | Shinobu Asagoe | 3–6, 6–3, 6–4 |
| Win | 2. | 8 June 1997 | Ipswich, Australia | Hard | Shinobu Asagoe | 6–1, 6–3 |

### Doubles (1–5)

| Result | No. | Date | Tournament | Surface | Partner | Opponents | Score |
| Loss | 1. | 26 April 1997 | Dalby, Australia | Hard | Jenny-Ann Fetch | Nannie de Villiers Lisa McShea | 0–6, 3–6 |
| Loss | 2. | 3 May 1997 | Kooralbyn, Australia | Hard | Jenny-Ann Fetch | Nannie de Villiers Lisa McShea | 7–6$^{(4)}$, 1–6, 3–6 |
| Loss | 3. | 10 May 1997 | Hope Island, Australia | Hard | Jenny-Ann Fetch | Nannie de Villiers Lisa McShea | 4–6, 4–6 |
| Loss | 4. | 27 July 1997 | Rostock, Germany | Clay | Réka Vidáts | Svetlana Krivencheva Pavlina Nola | w/o |
| Win | 1. | 3 August 1997 | Horb, Germany | Clay | Julia Abe | Magda Mihalache Alice Pirsu | 6–3, 6–3 |
| Loss | 5. | 10 November 1997 | Mount Gambier, Australia | Hard | Réka Vidáts | Catherine Barclay Kim Eun-ha | 3–6, 2–6 |
# Dnepropetrovsk Sputnik

Dnepropetrovsk Sputnik (Russian: Днепропетровский Спутник; Ukrainian: Дніпропетровський супутник), also known as DS, was a series of satellites launched by the Soviet Union between 1961 and 1982. DS satellites were used for a number of missions, including technological and scientific research, and radar tracking targets for anti-satellite weapons and anti-ballistic missiles. 185 were launched, using dedicated Kosmos rockets.
The first DS satellite, DS-1 No.1, was launched on the maiden flight of the Kosmos-2I 63S1 rocket on 27 October 1961. It failed to reach orbit after an acceleration integrator malfunctioned. A second launch attempt, with DS-1 No.2, failed due to a second stage malfunction. The third satellite, as DS-2, successfully reached orbit and was subsequently assigned the designation Kosmos 1, becoming the first satellite to be designated under the Kosmos system. Kosmos designations were assigned to all DS satellites, except those that failed to reach orbit, and a small number which was launched as part of the Interkosmos and Oryol programmes. The last DS satellite, Kosmos 1375, was launched aboard a Kosmos-3M on 6 June 1982. It was a Lira ASAT target, a derivative of the DS-P1-M.
# Château de Châtillon-d'Azergues

The Château de Châtillon-d'Azergues is a ruined castle in the commune of Châtillon (formerly Châtillon-d'Azergues) in the Rhône département of France.
The castle's construction is dated to the 13th and 15th centuries. All that remains of the castle is the keep and a tower. The 12th century Chapel of Saint-Barthélémy, known as Notre-Dame-de-Bon-Secours, is at the side of the castle.

## History

A Châtillon family was recorded from the end of the 10th or the 11th centuries. In 1173, the castle was the property of the Count of Forez, who ceded it to the Archbishop of Lyon. During the 13th century, the Oingt family had possession before it passed by marriage to the Albons. In 1260, the keep was mentioned in an act which stipulated that "les habitants de Châtillon sont tenus à travailler aux réparations du château, mais rien ne peut leur être imposé pour le donjon qui sert exclusivement de retraite au seigneur" ("the inhabitants of Châtillon are required to work on repairs of the castle, but nothing can be imposed on them for the keep which is used exclusively as retirement for the lord").

## Description

The site consists of a polygonal enceinte with several buildings from the 13th to 16th centuries. In the centre of the enceinte is the 13th century cylindrical keep. It is 30 m high and 9.5 m in diameter with walls 1.5 m thick. Only the ground floor was vaulted. During the 15th century, a hexagonal staircase towers was attached which asloserved the other buildings. The oldest part of the castle is a 12th-century rectangular building supported by very flat buttresses, connected to each other by blind arcades forming a decoration known as a frise lombarde (Lombardy frieze).
The 12th century Saint-Barthélémy chapel, known as Notre-Dame-de-Bon-Secours, situated to the east of the castle, was the original castle chapel.
The castle is privately owned and closed to the public. The chapel was listed in 1862 as a monument historique by the French Ministry of Culture; the castle itself has been listed since 1937.
# Bei Ling

Bei Ling (Chinese: 貝嶺) (born December 28, 1959, in Beijing) is a Chinese poet, and journal editor. He is usually associated with the Chinese misty poets.

## Life

He came to the United States as an exchange student, he was a fellow at Brown University. After the Tiananmen Square protests of 1989, in 1992, he founded the literary journal 傾向 (Tendency).
In 2000, he opened an office in Beijing.
He launched a literary magazine named Tendency in 1993 as a platform for young underground writers' talents. On August 13, 2000, he was detained for 14 days at the Qinghe Detention Center, and charged with "illegal publication." After an international protest, he was fined $24,000, and deported.
He lives in Boston, and New York City. He founded the Independent Chinese PEN Center together with Liu Xiaobo and later became its president
In 2009, he sought dialogue with Chinese officials at the Frankfurt Book Fair. In 2010, he wrote about Liu Xiaobo in The Wall Street Journal. In 2011, he organized a letter in support of Ai Weiwei. In 2016, he was prominent in the campaign to preserve freedom of expression in Hong Kong after the Causeway Bay Books disappearances, one of whom was Gui Minhai, his friend since the 1980s.

## Works

* 主題與變奏, 貝嶺, 黎明文化事業股份有限公司, 1994, ISBN 978-957-16-0334-6
* 政治, 再见, Havel, Vaclav 哈维尔, 貝嶺, 林宗憲, 左岸文化: 傾向出版社出版, 2003, ISBN 978-986-7854-26-1
* 半先知與賣文人: 哈維爾評論集, 貝嶺, 鄭純宜, 傾向出版社, 2004, ISBN 978-957-0329-87-2
* 在土星的光環下 : 蘇珊·桑塔格紀念文選, 貝嶺, 傾向, 2007, ISBN 978-957-28408-6-3
* Wandering in March
* The Deceived

### Works in English

* Bei Ling selected poems, 貝嶺, Willis Barnstone, Denis Mair, 傾向出版社, 2006, ISBN 978-957-28408-3-2
# Bahreh, Razavi Khorasan

Bahreh (Persian: بهره) is a village in Kardeh Rural District, in the Central District of Mashhad County, Razavi Khorasan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 102, in 31 families.
# National Library of Madagascar

The National Library of Madagascar (Bibliothèque nationale de Madagascar) is the national library of Madagascar. It was established in 1961 and it is located in Antananarivo.
# Jørgen Adolf Lier

Jørgen Adolf Lier (31 January 1906 – 15 January 1994) was a Norwegian politician for the Labour Party.
He served as a deputy representative to the Norwegian Parliament from Østfold during the terms 1958–1961 and 1961–1965.
Lier was born in Askim and a member of Askim municipality council from 1934 to 1940, 1945 to 1955 and 1959 to 1971, serving as mayor in the periods 1945–1947, 1951–1955 and 1965–1971. He was a member of Østfold county council in the periods 1945–1947, 1951–1955 and 1965–1967.
# Sultan Khel railway station

Sultan Khel Railway Station (Pashto: د سلطان خېلو د اورګاډي اډه; Urdu: سلطان خیل ریلوے اسٹیشن) is located in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan. The station is on the discontinued Khyber Pass Railway line and no longer has scheduled train services.
# Pank

Pank may refer to:
* Philip Pank (1892–1966), English cricketer
* Siegfried Pank (born 1936), German cellist and viol player
# Goryuns

Goryuns, also Horiuns or Horyuny (Ukrainian: горюни), a little-documented ethnic group of East Slavs living around Putyvl, now in the Sumy Oblast of north-eastern Ukraine, in the past in Kursk Governorate of the Russian Empire. The dialect of the Russian language spoken by Goryuns has some features of Belarusian and Ukrainian.
Goryuns are considered a tiny sub-ethnos of Russians. Regardless, they consider themselves as distinct from other Russians, as well as distinct from Ukrainians living in the same region.
Chronicles first mention Goryun villages in the sixteenth century, shortly after the annexation of the region to Muscovy. From this, the Belarusian scientist Fiodar Klimchuk concludes that the Goryuns might have lived in the region before the year 1500.
Different hypotheses address the origins of the Goriuns. James Stuart Olson describes them as an Ukrainianized subgroup of the Polekhs. According to Fiodar Klimchuk, the Goryuns may be descendants of local Severians or they might be of mixed Severian-Radimich stock, or their Severian ancestors might have moved to the north-west and then returned. Some researchers believe that they are autochthonous to the region and are related to the local early Slavic population; according to others, they descend from migrants from what is now Belarus — mixed with the local population.
Goryuns have a reputation for their unique style of polyphonic singing. In 2017, in the village of Nova Sloboda, a museum of Horyun culture was opened, the exposition of which recreates the estate of the Horyuns of the late nineteenth — early twentieth centuries.
# Gyeongdong Market

Gyeongdong Market (Korean: 경동시장), sometimes Kyungdong Market, located in Dongdaemun District, Seoul, is one of the largest herbal medicine and ginseng markets of South Korea. Since its establishment in 1960, the market supplies 70 percent of the nation's herbal medicine ingredients and has more than 1,000 related shops and oriental medicine clinics in the area. Gyeongdong Market also serves as a wholesale and retail markets selling agricultural products and fish in about 300,000 square meters, about five times the size of the Seoul Sangam World Cup Stadium.
It is served by Seoul Subway's Jegi-dong Station on Line 1.
# Richmond Royal Hospital

Richmond Royal Hospital, on Kew Foot Road in Richmond, London, England, is a mental health facility operated by South West London and St George's Mental Health NHS Trust, which has its headquarters at Springfield Hospital in Tooting. The hospital's original block is Grade II listed.

## History

The original hospital block is a mid-18th century brown brick house with a Roman Ionic porch. It was the home of the poet James Thomson (1700–1748), who lived there from 1736 until his death. The site is marked by a blue plaque. Thomson wrote his most famous works there including the masque Alfred, which includes the poem "Rule, Britannia" (1740), "The Castle of Indolence" (1748) and "The Seasons" (1738). His poem "Rule, Britannia" was set to music by Thomas Arne in 1740 and became a patriotic song. There is a memorial to him in Richmond Park.
After Thomson's death the house was bought by a friend, George Ross, who enlarged it and gave it the name Rossdale Cottage. Over the years the name was altered slightly to Rosedale Cottage. In 1786 it was sold to the widow of Admiral Edward Boscawen. After she died in 1805 it was bought by Charles Talbot, the 15th Earl of Shrewsbury, who changed the name to Shrewsbury House.
In February 1868 it was opened as a hospital, by the Earl and Countess Russell. Additions were made to the building in 1896; the architects were Smith and Brewer. After Queen Victoria became the patron of the hospital, it became the Royal Hospital, Richmond in 1895. Princess May's Ward for Children was opened by the Duke and Duchess of York (the future King George V and Queen Mary) in July 1896. As Prince and Princess of Wales they returned to the hospital in April 1907 to open the Swan Memorial Ophthalmic Wing.
The hospital joined the National Health Service in 1948. The rehabilitation unit on Evelyn Road, behind the main building, was built in 1980: the architects were Hutchison, Locke and Monk. It was deemed unsuitable for modern healthcare and was sold in 2018, although new healthcare facilities are being built on site.

## Notable staff

* Rachel Foley (1857–1934), Matron 1890–1908. Foley trained at The London Hospital under Eva Luckes between 1880-1882. she held the post of head nurse at Richmond from 1882, until her promotion to matron in 1890. During her matronship the hospital was expanded and included the Cambridge Wing and a new outpatients department.
# Touil

Touil (Arabic: الطويل, lit. 'The long') is a town and commune in Mauritania.
15°32′N 10°07′W﻿ / ﻿15.533°N 10.117°W﻿ / 15.533; -10.117
* This Mauritania location article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e