OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Open University of the Netherlands

The Open University of the Netherlands (Dutch: Open Universiteit Nederland) is a Dutch institution for distance learning at university level. It is an independent government-funded university and uses a variety of methods, including written materials, the Internet, and occasional evening seminars or day sessions.

## Overview

The Open University of the Netherlands was founded in 1984 and opened to students that September. The administration is based in Heerlen, in the province of Limburg, in the very south of the Netherlands. The university has study and support centres dispersed throughout the continental Netherlands, as well as study centres in Dutch-speaking Belgium (Flanders) and partnerships with institutions in Aruba, Bonaire, Curaçao, Sint Maarten and Suriname.
Since the Open University was founded, more than 250,000 students have enrolled in courses. As of September 2016, approximately 15,000 students were enrolled at study or support centres in the Netherlands, including some residents of other countries.

## Aims

The Dutch government's purpose in founding the Open University of the Netherlands was to make higher education accessible to anyone with the necessary aptitudes and interests, regardless of formal qualifications. The university aims to provide cost-effective education and to encourage innovation in Dutch higher education, in terms of both curriculum and teaching.

## Organisation
### Governance

The chairman of the Open University of the Netherlands since June 2016 is Arent van der Feltz, former vice president for corporate development, legal, regulatory and public affairs at Ziggo. His predecessor was Sander van den Eijnden.

### Faculties

* Science: Environmental Sciences, Computer Science and Information Science
* Humanities
* Management
* Educational Sciences
* Psychology
* Law
In addition to this, the university has four expertise centres:
* CAROU: guidance in the deployment of technological and social innovations through research projects and education in areas such as Smart City, Cyber Security, Smart Industry, Climate Change and Continuous Learning
* Cyber Science Center: in cooperation with Politieacademie [nl] and NHL Hogeschool [nl]
* NEIMED (Nederlands expertise en innovatiecentrum maatschappelijke effecten demografische krimp): an alliance with Maastricht University and Zuyd University of Applied Sciences
The Open University also has two support staff departments: the Department of Administration and the Department of Support Services. These provide services ranging from academic affairs to student administration.

### Courses of study

The Open University offers courses of study at the bachelor's and master's degree levels in the following disciplines: cultural studies, education science, law, management, psychology, science and technology. The university collaborates with Flemish universities to enable Belgian students to attend classes. Five of its master's degree programmes were top-ranked in 2017.

## Faculty

The following are present and former faculty members of the Open Universiteit:
* Harold Krikke
# Jacques-Gabriel Bridge

The Jacques-Gabriel Bridge (named pont Jacques-Gabriel in French) spans the Loire river in Blois, France, since the beginning of the 18th century. With a total length of 283m, it is made up of 11 arches, and is the last arch bridge on the river that is pointed. Since its construction, the edifice holds the name of the architect who designed it, Jacques Gabriel. The bridge was partially destroyed three times: in 1870 (Franco-Prussian War), 1940 and 1944 (World War II). It is now crossed by the Route Nationale 156.
The bridge was listed as a historical monument by order of 22 April 1937.

## Location

The bridge spans the Loire river in the middle of Blois, between the downtown (from the same axis of the Denis Papin staircase) and Vienne on the left bank (aligned to Wilson Avenue).

## History
### Construction of a new Bloisian bridge

Since the 11th century, a stone bridge was used to link both banks. In the night between 6 and 7 February 1716, this medieval bridge collapsed.
The construction of a new bridge is decided by August 1716. The project management is given by Duke Philippe of Orléans to Jacques Gabriel, yet King Louis XVI's official architect. As early as the end of that year, a regiment from Piedmont is called to build the bridge. The infrastructure is inaugurated on 4 May 1724, with an 14.6m-high obelisk standing in its middle.
# Gameh Tarap

Gameh Tarap (Persian: گمه ترپ) is a village in Seyyedvaliyeddin Rural District, Sardasht District, Dezful County, Khuzestan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 23, in 4 families.
# Paldaran

Paldaran (Persian: پالدرن, also Romanized as Pāldaran) is a village in Qeshlaq Rural District, in the Central District of Ahar County, East Azerbaijan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 40, in 12 families.
# The Bad Spellers

The Bad Spellers are an indie-pop band from Tokyo, Japan consisting of husband/wife duo Tony Parmenter (guitar, vocals) and Yasuko Ichinomiya Parmenter (keyboards, vocals, toys).
Although officially forming in 2003, the two spent the following 2 years in separate countries, only able to write music together via the internet and on occasional visits. Before "officially" uniting in mid-2005, the band had been featured on a European net-release and 2 compilation discs.
In 2004 The Bad Spellers traveled to Canada to collaborate/record with Justin Langlois of The London Apartments (Universal Records/Beggar's Banquet Records). These sessions were released in March, 2005 to national (USA/Canada) distribution on Florida's Post*Records as "Fall in Love," a split EP with The London Apartments. Tony and Yasuko have since toured between Japan, the US, and Canada numerous times.
2007 saw the release of their first album, "Keep on Shining!", on Post*Records as well as the band's official legal marriage. The band relocated to the United States in 2009, and currently resides in Brattleboro, Vermont, United States. In 2012 the band embarked on what would be a successful crowd sourcing campaign to self-release a vinyl LP of "An Album Titled As Ourselves" in early 2013.

## Discography

Albums:
* Keep on shining! - POST015, 2007 Post*Records
* An Album Titled As Ourselves - PCP001, 2013 Pop Co-op
Singles & EPs:
* Fall in love - The Bad Spellers / The London Apartments, POST001, 2005 Post*Records
Compilations:
* EP Club#5 - 2004 Asaurus Records
* For Whom the Casio Tolls - ASA034, 2004 Asaurus Records
* Post*Records & Friends present OLE! - POST011, 2006 Post*Records
* Stone Soup - NPP001, 2007 Post*Records / Nonsense Records / Pinky Ring Records
* GUTS - POST018/SBO003, 2008 Post*Records / Sleepy Bird Orphanage
* The Greenbelt Collective Compilation 3 - 2009 GBC
* The Starving Artist Compilation CD: Vol. 1 - 2011 The Starving Artist Collective
* YOUTH CULTURE DUMMY - BETA023, 2012 Beta Snake Records
Download-only:
* Girls Say Moshii net EP - RWB006, 2004 racewillbegin.com
# Sefrivatnet

Sefrivatnet (Norwegian) or Sohkerde (Southern Sami) is a lake in Grane Municipality in Nordland county, Norway. The 2.36-square-kilometre (0.91 sq mi) lake lies between the lakes Majavatnet and Storsvenningvatnet. The European route E6 highway and the Nordland Line railway both run along the eastern edge of the lake.
# Hydroxypropionic acid

Hydroxypropionic acid, or alternately hydroxypropanoic acid, may refer to either of two isomeric chemical compounds:
* 2-Hydroxypropionic acid (lactic acid)
* 3-Hydroxypropionic acid (hydracrylic acid)
The carboxylate is known as hydroxypropionate or hydroxypropanoate.
# Upper Aulaqi Sultanate

The Upper Aulaqi Sultanate (Arabic: سلطنة العوالق العليا Salṭanat al-‘Awālaq al-‘Ulyā) was a state in the British Aden Protectorate and the Federation of South Arabia. Its capital was Nisab.

## History

The Lower Aulaqi sultans separated from the Upper Aulaqi in the 18th century.
In September 1879, Sultan Awadh bin Abdulla was dethroned in consequence of old age and was succeeded by his eldest son Abdulla.
Sultan Abdulla bin Awadh died on 11 December 1887 and was succeeded by his son, Sultan Salih bin Abdulla.
A treaty was concluded between the British and the Upper Aulaqi Sultan on 18 March 1904 and ratified on 23 April 1904.
The Upper Aulaqi Sultanate joined the Federation of South Arabia in June 1964, the last one to join. The last sultan was Sultan Awad ibn Salih Al Awlaqi.
The last ruler was deposed in 1967 upon the founding of the People's Republic of South Yemen and the area is now part of the Republic of Yemen.

### Rulers

The ruler of the Upper Aulaqi Sultanate bore the title Sultan al-Saltana al-`Awlaqiyya al-`Ulya.

#### Sultans

* ....–.... Munassar
* ....–.... Farid ibn Munassar
* ....–1862 `Abd Allah ibn Farid
* 1862 – September 1879 `Awad ibn `Abd Allah
* 1879 – 11 December 1887 `Abd Allah ibn `Awad
* December 1887 – 1935 Salih ibn `Abd Allah
* 1935 – 29 November 1967 `Awad ibn Salih al-`Awlaqi
# Sergej Šalamon

Sergej Šalamon (born 7 March 1975) is a Slovenian sprinter. He competed in the men's 4 × 400 metres relay at the 2000 Summer Olympics.
# Thomas Stocker

Thomas F. Stocker (born 1959) is a Swiss climate scientist.
Born in Zürich, Stocker obtained a degree in physics at the ETH Zurich. He was active in research at the University College London, at McGill University in Montreal and at Columbia University in New York. Since 1993, he has been a professor and head of the department of Climate and Environmental Physics at the University of Bern.
The focus of Stocker's research is the development of models of climate change based on, among other, the analysis of ice cores from the polar regions. He significantly contributed to creating the "hockey stick graph" that shows a growing increase of global mean temperatures in recent times. Since 1998, he contributes to the reports of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, and is co-chairman of the IPCC Working Group I (assessing scientific aspects of the climate system and climate change) from 2008 to 2015.
In 1993, Stocker was awarded the Swiss National Science Foundation's National Latsis Prize, in 2009 the Hans Oeschger Medal of the European Geosciences Union and in 2017 the Marcel Benoist Prize. For 2023 he received the BBVA Foundation Frontiers of Knowledge Award.
He is a Fellow of the American Geophysical Union and a member of the Academia Europaea and the American Meteorological Society. In 2019, Stocker became a member of the German Academy of Sciences Leopoldina.
Stocker is featured in the film Taking Earth's Temperature: Delving into Climate's Past.
# Kakajin

Kakajin (Persian: ككجين, also Romanized as Kakajīn and Kakjīn; also known as Kakadzha, Kakājeyā, Kākājia, Kākāzhīn, and Kakchin) is a village in Eqbal-e Gharbi Rural District, in the Central District of Qazvin County, Qazvin Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 91, in 20 families.
# Cosimo Bartoli

Cosimo Bartoli (December 20, 1503 in Florence – October 25, 1572) was an Italian diplomat, mathematician, philologist, and humanist. He worked and lived in Rome and Florence and took minor orders. He was a friend of architect and writer Giorgio Vasari, and helped him to get his Vite ready for publication.

## Life

Bartoli worked in diplomatic circles, including as secretary to Cardinal Giovanni de’ Medici and as diplomatic agent for Duke Cosimo I. Bartoli wrote Ragionamenti accademici (Venice, 1567), which was mainly a criticism of Dante. One chapter, however, gave descriptions of composers and instrumentalists. He cited the composers Johannes Ockeghem and Josquin des Prez as equal to Donatello and Michelangelo in their respective arts, and stated that Ockeghem and Donatello were the precursors to Josquin and Michelangelo. In this book he also critiques architecture and painting, mainly focusing on the arts of his native Florence. He extolled the concept of invenzione in all the arts.

## Works

* Del modo di misurare le distantie, le superficie, i corpi, le piante, le provincie, le prospettive, e tutte le altre cose terrene, che possono occorrere a gli huomini, secondo le vere regole d'Euclide, e de gli altri più lodati scrittori (in Italian). Venezia: Francesco De Franceschi (senese). 1564.
He also published a collection of translations of works by Leon Battista Alberti under the title Opuscoli Morali di Leon Batista Alberti, gentil’huomo firentino. Venice, 1568. These included:
* Momo, ovvero del Principe
* De’ discorsi de senatori, altrimenti Trivia
* Dell’amministrare la regione
* Delle commodità e delle incommodità delle lettere
* Della vita di S. Potito
* La cifra
* Le piacevolezze matematiche
* Della repubblica
* Della statua
* Della mosca
* Del cane
* Cento apologi
* Hecatomphila
* Deiphira
# Fattegad

Fattegad is a fort located 15 km from Dapoli, in the Ratnagiri district of Maharashtra. It is one of three forts built to guard the Suvarnadurg fort; the other two are Goa fort and Kanakdurg.

## History

The fort was built by Khairiyat Khan during the Shivaji era. This fort was under the control of Tulaji Angre. Due to the rivalry between Peshwa and Tulaji, a combined efforts were made by British and the Peshwa against Tulaji. The fort was captured by Captain James and handed over to Peshwas. In 1817, British forces captured the fort from the Peshwas.

## Nearby places

The nearest town is Dapoli. The fort is at walkable distance from the Harne town. A wide motorable road leads to the entrance gate of the fort. It takes about half an hour to have a walk around the fort.

## Appearance

The fort is in a dilapidated state. The only parts of the fort left standing are the walls and the bridge joining with Kanakdurg.
17°48′55.9″N 73°05′26.2″E﻿ / ﻿17.815528°N 73.090611°E﻿ / 17.815528; 73.090611
# Olive Purser

Olive Purser (1886–1973), was one of the first women to enter Trinity College Dublin and was the first woman to be made a scholar.

## Early life and education

Olive Constance Purser was born on 15 July 1886 to Alfred and Ellen Purser. Purser was the youngest of four. She had two sisters and a brother. Her father was a Chief Inspector of National Schools. Within a few years of her birth the family had moved to Rathmines in Dublin where they remained. The family were dedicated to education. Her aunt was Sarah Purser and her uncle was Louis Claude Purser; her two older sisters, Elinor and Luisa, became teachers, and her brother John, in 1911, was a master's student and Assistant to the Professor of Engineering in Birmingham University.
Purser was one of the first women to be admitted to Trinity College Dublin, entering in the Michaelmas term of 1904. Within 2 years of the ban on women being lifted, she had become the first woman to be made a scholar under the TCD system on 11 June 1906. She won it for classics. At the time she achieved this, women were still not permitted to remain in the college after 6pm or to dine with the male students or staff. Purser was a member of the Elizabethan Society started by her fellow student Marion Johnston. Two years after she completed her degree in TCD, Purser become a temporary lecturer at the university, taking over for Edward Dowden. In 1921, the Crewe report (The position of the Classics in the Educational System of the United Kingdom) lists her as Dean of the Women Students when she reports on the education of women and girls. Purser worked with her uncle Louis Purser on the Shanganagh dig. In 1954 she was awarded an honorary LL.D. She later wrote a book on the women of Trinity.
Purser died on 12 April 1973.
# ARIMAO (cable system)

The ARIMAO submarine fiber optic cable is designed and deployed to improve internet connectivity between the islands of Cuba and Martinique.

## History

The cable's deployment began on December 8, 2022, from the tricontinental port in Cienfuegos, Cuba. The cable is named after the nearby Arimao River that flows close to the city of Cienfuegos.
The announcement was made by the president of the Cuban telecommunications company, ETECSA S.A, Tania Velázquez Rodríguez.
The cable-laying ship Pierre de Fermat started installation from Cienfuegos and reached Martinique by sea on January 9, 2023. It has an approximate length of 2,470 km.
The project is the result of cooperation between the Cuban company ETECSA S.A and the French company Orange S.A. It will improve the availability of internet access on the island. This cable adds to other telecommunications projects such as the ALBA-1 cable, a cooperation project between Cuba and Venezuela.
# Durushkhela

Durushkhela درشخیلہ (Urdu: دروش خیل) is an administrative unit, known as Union council, of Swat District in the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan.درشخیلہ گاوں مینگورہ سے 27 کلومیٹر کے فاصلے پر واقع ہے اور مٹہ سے 9 کلو میٹر کے فاصلے پر باغڈھیری روڈ پر واقع ہے گاوں کے شمال کے طرف سرسبز باغات ہے مغرب کے طرف سرسبز باغات اور خوبصورت پہاڑ ہے اور جنوب کے طرف سرسبز باغات اور گاوں کوزہ درشخیلہ واقع ہے اور مشرق کے طرف دریا سوات ہے جو کہ بلکل گاوں سے لگا ہو ا ہے درشخیلہ یونین کونسل تحصیل مٹہ ضلع سوات آبادی : 15000 ٹوٹل رقبہ 28707 پہاڑی زمین 12081 کنال بارانی زمین : 9094 آب پاشی زمین 7633 کنال گیارہ مرلے ٹانگ 1400 کنال قوم قبیلے یوسفزئی ، سادات ،ملیان،گوجر ، کوہستانی فصلیں اور میوہ جات : گندم ، مکئی،چاول،سیب ،آڑو ،املوک،ناشپاتی،آخروٹ،سٹابری،انجیر،چیری،الوچہ،خرمانی،پیاز،لہسن ، سرکاری اداری گورنمنٹ ہائی سکول ، دفتر زراعت،بینک،ٹیلیفون اکسچینج،ڈاکخانہ،پٹوارخانہ،گرلز ہائی سکول،ہسپتال ، واپڈا کمپلینٹ آفس
# As You Are

As You Are may refer to:

## Film and television

* As You Are (television film) Australian television play which aired in 1958 on ABC
* As You Are (film), a 2016 American film

## Literature

* As You Are (play), a 1939 play by Hugh Mills and Wells Root

## Music
### Albums

* As You Are (album) by Jason Lancaster, 2014

### Songs

* "As You Are" (Dean Martin song), 1951
* "As You Are", by The Weeknd from Beauty Behind the Madness, 2015
* "As You Are", by Travis from The Man Who, 1999
* "As You Are", by Boney James from Ride, 2001
* "As You Are", by Kimbra from The Golden Echo, 2014
* "As You Are", by Charlie Puth from Nine Track Mind, 2016
* "As You Are" (Rag'n'Bone Man song), 2017
# Greek People's Liberation Navy

The Greek People's Liberation Navy (Greek: Ελληνικό Λαϊκό Απελευθερωτικό Ναυτικό; Elliniko Laiko Apeleftherotiko Naftiko), commonly abbreviated as ELAN (ΕΛΑΝ), was the naval force of the communist-led Greek People's Liberation Army (ELAS) resistance movement during World War II, and later during the Greek Civil War.
ELAN was essentially an auxiliary coastal force, operating mostly caïque and other small vessels near the coasts of the Greek mainland and between the islands. By mid-1944 however it had grown to about 100 mostly small armed boats and over 1,200 men, divided into seven squadrons of three or four flotillas with up to six vessels each.

## Structure

By the time of Liberation in late October 1944, ELAN was organized into six squadrons and a number of independent detachments, named after their areas of operations. These were:
* 1st Squadron operating in the western Peloponnese and Zakynthos
* 2nd Squadron operating in western Continental Greece and the northern Ionian Islands
* 3rd Squadron operating in the Euboic, Saronic and Malian gulfs
* 4th Squadron operating on the coasts of Pelion and the Pagasetic Gulf
* 5th Squadron operating on the coasts of Eastern Macedonia and Thrace
* 6th Squadron operating in the Thermaic Gulf and Chalcidice
* Independent Squadron operating in the Argolic Gulf
* ELAN of Chios
* ELAN of Lesbos
# Chilote school of religious imagery

The Chilote school of religious imagery (Spanish: Escuela Chilota de imaginería religiosa), or Chilote school of carving, is an artistic and cultural manifestation that developed in the Chiloé Archipelago during the 17th century on the basis of the circular movement of evangelizing established by the Jesuit missionaries, and reaches its climax in the late 19th century.
Its character of "school" lies in that these sculptures shape a "type" that altered the typical archetypal of American and Spanish Baroque imagery; as a product of cultural syncretism and miscegenation, the works of this school was developed locally and are characterized by the combination and adaptation of European, Latin American and Indigenous features. This artistic expression differs from peninsular, quiteña or cuzqueña artistic production: it can appreciate remarkable differences in technique, materials and style.
# Bertram Batlogg

Bertram Josef Richard Batlogg (born 1950) is an Austrian physicist known for his research on high-temperature superconductivity.
Batlogg was born in the town of Bludenz in Austria. He is the great-grandson of the freedom fighter Johann Josef Batlogg [de]. Batlogg was educated in the Swiss Federal Institute ETH Zurich, earning his diploma in physics in 1974, and his Ph.D. in 1979 working with mixed valence rare-earth compounds. He then joined Bell Labs, first as a post-doctoral researcher, and rising to be the head of the Solid State Physics and Materials Research Division at Bell Labs by 1986. After the discovery of high-temperature superconductors in 1987, Batlogg studied various cuprate compounds and together with Robert Cava discovered several transition metal oxide superconductors with high transition temperatures. In 1997, they won the Bernd Matthias Prize for their research on superconductivity.
Starting in 1998, Batlogg worked with Christian Kloc and Jan Hendrik Schön to study electronic properties of organic crystals. Over the next two years, the collaboration produced a series of ground-breaking papers regarding properties of these materials. However, the experimental data provided by Schön were later shown to be fraudulent and several of the most important papers were retracted by the authors. The incident came to be known as the Schön scandal. Batlogg, Kloc and Schön's other collaborators were cleared in Sept 2002 of all scientific misconduct by an external committee appointed by Bell Labs.
However, the committee questioned whether Batlogg met his professional responsibility to take "a sufficiently critical stance with regard to the research in question". This question was left unanswered by the committee. In Oct 2002 and after, Science, Physical Review, and Applied Physics Letters withdrew more than a dozen papers.
Batlogg joined ETH Zurich as a professor in 2000, where he remained until his retirement in 2016. The main research topics at ETH included superconductivity, physics of strongly correlated electrons and charge transport and trapping in molecular organic semiconductors. In the list of Most Cited Physicists published by the Institute for Scientific Information (ISI), covering 1981-June 1997, he is placed 4th with some 14000 citations. As of 2020, the Web of Science lists about 34000 citations and an h-index of 90+.
# Ronde van Gelderland

The Ronde van Gelderland (English: Tour of Gelderland) was an elite women's road bicycle race held in the Netherlands between 2003 and 2016. It was rated by the UCI as a 1.2 category race, and was primarily centred around Apeldoorn. The race was originally only for men. In August 1957 the first Ronde van Gelderland was held, with the last men's race being held in 2003.

## Past winners

| Year | Country | Rider | Team |
| 2003 | Netherlands | Yvonne Troost-Brunen | |
| 2004 | Netherlands | Leontien Zijlaard-van Moorsel | |
| 2005 | Netherlands | Suzanne de Goede | |
| 2006 | Netherlands | Bertine Spijkerman | Therme Skin Care |
| 2007 | Netherlands | Marianne Vos | DSB Bank Track Team |
| 2008 | Canada | Anne Samplonius | Canada (national team) |
| 2009 | Germany | Ina-Yoko Teutenberg | Team Columbia–High Road Women |
| 2010 | Netherlands | Kirsten Wild | Cervélo TestTeam |
| 2011 | Germany | Ina-Yoko Teutenberg | HTC–Highroad Women |
| 2012 | Netherlands | Suzanne de Goede | Skil 1t4i |
| 2013 | Netherlands | Kirsten Wild | Argos–Shimano |
| 2014 | Netherlands | Kirsten Wild | Giant–Shimano |
| 2015 | Netherlands | Kirsten Wild | Team Hitec Products |
| 2016 | Poland | Katarzyna Niewiadoma | Rabo–Liv |