OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Višnja Gora

Višnja Gora (pronounced ; German: Weixelburg, also Weichselburg, Weichselberg) is a town in the Municipality of Ivančna Gorica in central Slovenia. It is one of the best-preserved medieval towns in Slovenia. The area is part of the historical region of Lower Carniola. The municipality is now included in the Central Slovenia Statistical Region. It includes the hamlets of Žabjek, Na Štacjonu, and Grintavec, as well as the former hamlet of Suhi Malen (German: Weixelbach).

## Geography

The town is located in the Višnjica Valley 20 kilometers (12 mi) southeast of Ljubljana just south of the A2 Slovenian motorway. Nearby is the Kosca Valley with the highest waterfall on a travertine foundation in Slovenia. Regular long-distance bus and rail lines connect Višnja Gora to Ivančna Gorica and Ljubljana.

## History

Višnja Gora was granted town rights in 1478. In the same period, a coat of arms showing a masonry wall with doors and two roofed towers was adopted. The snail representing a local legend was added later. The citizens of the town were given a golden snail shell for nursing the Venetian doge's son wounded in the Battle of Sisak (1593) by his relatives. The golden shell has since been lost, but the legend remains. During the Second World War, Višnja Gora was bombarded by German forces on 22 September 1943. At the end of October 1943, Partisan forces burned Turn Castle, the courthouse, and the school in the town.

## Castles

The old centre is built on a hill (384 m) under the ruins of Višnja Gora Castle (Slovene: Višnjegorski grad), generally known as Old Castle (Slovene: Stari grad), once home of the Višnja Gora knights. A second castle, Turn Castle (German: Weixelbach), stood west of the town center. It was also later known as the Codelli Manor (Slovene: Codellijeva graščina) and was burned by the Partisans in October 1943.

## Recreation

The 12 km Jurčič Trail is named after Josip Jurčič, author of the first Slovene novel, Deseti brat, who attended primary school in Višnja Gora. Part of the trail has been recently turned into a forest trail known as Po poteh višnjanskega polža (The Višnja Gora Snail Trail).

## Notable people

Notable people that were born or lived in Višnja Gora include:
* Josip Jurčič (1844–1881), author
* Ive Krevs (1912–1990), Yugoslav Olympic athlete
* Pashkal Skerbinz (1780–1824), religious writer

## Gallery

* Town hall
# Sovinja Peč

Sovinja Peč (pronounced, in older sources also Sovina Peč and Savinja Peč, German: Sawinapetsch) is a small dispersed settlement in the hills immediately south of the Črnivec Pass in the Municipality of Kamnik in the Upper Carniola region of Slovenia.

## Name

The name Sovinja Peč is derived from the surname Sovina and literally means 'Sovina cliff'. The designation "cliff" refers to Sovina Peak (Slovene: Sovinjski vrh, 1,004 meters or 3,294 feet), which rises north of the village. The older spelling Savinja Peč, along with German Sawinapetsch, shows pretonic akanje. The surname Sovina is probably derived from the personal name Sova, originally used as a nickname based on the common noun sova 'owl'.
# Osredek pri Krmelju

Osredek pri Krmelju (pronounced) is a settlement northwest of Krmelj in the Municipality of Sevnica in central Slovenia. The area is part of the historical region of Lower Carniola. The municipality is now included in the Lower Sava Statistical Region. It includes the hamlets of Rupa, Radvanca, Dobovec, Gabrje, Komatca, Oplaz, Kij, and Prinštal.

## Name

The name of the settlement was changed from Osredek to Osredek pri Krmelju in 1953. The hamlet of Prinštal was also known as Primštal (German: Primsthal) in older sources.

## Church

The local church is dedicated to Saints Primus and Felician and belongs to the Parish of Šentjanž. It dates to the 17th century.
# Je chante avec toi Liberté

"Je chante avec toi Liberté" (1981) also known in English as "Song for Liberty" (1970) is a song written by Pierre Delanoë and Claude Lemesle, arranged by Alain Goraguer and performed by Nana Mouskouri. The melody is from "Va, pensiero" (Italian: [va penˈsjɛro]) also known in English as the "Chorus of the Hebrew Slaves" from the opera Nabucco (1842) by Giuseppe Verdi.
Nana Mouskouri has performed this song in at least five languages; French ("Je chante avec toi liberté"), English ("Song for Liberty"), German ("Lied der Freiheit"), Spanish ("Libertad") and Portuguese ("Liberdade").
# Edson Gomes

Edson Gomes (born September 3, 1955), is a Brazilian reggae singer and songwriter. Gomes' musical style is heavily influenced by other Roots reggae artists, such as Bob Marley, Peter Tosh and Alpha Blondy.
Edson Gomes is regarded within Brazil as the biggest Brazilian reggae singer in the country, and his career has spanned 50 years.
English interpretations and translations of his music are available on the Roots Reggae Library.

## Discography

* Malandrinha
* Árvores
* Na Sombra da Noite
* Campo de Batalha
* Criminalidade
# Pühalepa

Pühalepa (German: Pühhalep) is a village in Hiiumaa Parish, Hiiu County in northwestern Estonia.

## Pühalepa Church

There is situated Pühalepa Church.

## Gallery

* Pühalepa Church
* Ebba-Margaretha Stenbock's burial chapel in the churchyard.
# Ručetna Vas

Ručetna Vas (pronounced; Slovene: Ručetna vas, German: Rutschetendorf) is a settlement north of Črnomelj in the White Carniola area of southeastern Slovenia. The area is part of the traditional region of Lower Carniola and is now included in the Southeast Slovenia Statistical Region.

## Geography

Ručetna Vas is a clustered village that lies among orchards on a terrace below the railroad from Semič to Črnomelj. Fertile fields lie to the east, and there is a spring in the center of the village that floods the area during heavy rains. The spring is the source of an influent stream that disappears into the karst landscape towards the village of Starihov Vrh. There is extensive cultivation of vineyards. The surrounding forest is mixed woods with many chestnut trees. There is a deep karst shaft above the railroad on the edge of the Kočevje Rog plateau.

## History

During the 18th century and first half of the 19th century, the village was part of the Dominion of Krupa. In 1756 the village had four farms that were subject to the dominion. The village was the seat of an elected overseer for vineyards and taxes (Slovene: gornik) with some judicial authority. From 1727 to 1738 this position was held by Jakob Plut from the Rotič farm; oral tradition states that this is the oldest surname in the village. In the fall of 1942, Italian troops burned two houses and ten vineyard cottages in the village. During the October offensive that year, German forces killed a prisoner on the road below the village who was returning home. From the winter of 1943 to April 1944, a business committee of the Partisan Executive Council of the Liberation Front was headquartered here. Other Partisan operations in the village included a judicial and medical station, a cartography office, a courier station, a radio transmitter, a shoemaker's shop, and a tailor's shop.
# Loch Buie

Loch Buie (Scottish Gaelic: Locha Buidhe, meaning "yellow loch") is a sea loch on the south coast of the Isle of Mull, off the west coast of Scotland. It takes the form of a deep bay opening onto the Firth of Lorn. At the head of the loch is the settlement of Lochbuie at the end of a minor road form the A849 at Ardura. There are a handful of small islands and rocky islets close to shore, the largest of which is Eilean Mor which is connected to the mainland of Mull at low tide. Nearby is Moy Castle. There are extensive shore platforms around the loch, notably on its southeastern side beneath Laggan Deer Forest.

## Geology

Numerous caves are located at the rear of this platform including Uaimh nan Taillearan. Sandy beaches lie at the head of the loch. The cliffs at either side are formed from basalt lava flows of Palaeogene age, intruded by numerous dolerite dykes. At the head of the loch, the rocks include granophyres and gabbro. Though unseen at the surface, the Great Glen Fault is usually considered to run beneath this loch and nearby Loch Spelve.
# Youks-les-Bains Airfield

Youks-les-Bains Airfield is an abandoned military airfield in Algeria, located about 20 km northwest of Tebessa. The airfield today consists of several agricultural fields, with the faint remains of its main runway, parts of a taxiway and a few aircraft dispersal hardstands visible in aerial photography.

## History

The facility was built as a civilian airport, probably during the 1930s. During the World War II 1940 Battle of France, the French Air Force GB II/11 flew across the Mediterranean with 14 Lioré et Olivier LeO 45 medium bombers, arriving on 21 June. From Youks-les-Bains, the squadron attacked Italian forces at Palermo, Sicily on 23 and 24 June, before the Armistice with Nazi Germany and Italy took place on 25 June. After the armistice, Youks-les-Bains became a base for the limited Vichy French Air Force (French: Armée de l'Air de Vichy) allowed by the Germans.
As part of the North African Campaign, on 15 November 1942, thirty-three C-47 Skytrain transports dropped three hundred men of the United States Army 2nd Battalion, 509th Parachute Regiment on Youks-les-Bains airfield during the initial attacks on occupied Tunisia by the Tunisian Task Force. As the planes carrying the 509th approached the airfield, soldiers were seen in the trenches around the field. There were several anxious moments as the paratroopers started their jump, not knowing whether the troops below were French or German. Upon reaching the ground, the Americans found a poorly equipped, but friendly and helpful, unit of the French Army in possession of the area.
Once in Allied hands, the airfield became a major United States Army Air Force Twelfth Air Force base of operations against the German Afrika Korps. Known units assigned to Youks-les-Bains were:
* 47th Bombardment Group, 7 January-6 March 1943, A-20 Havoc
* 14th Fighter Group, 22 November 1942 – 9 January 1943, P-38 Lightning
* 31st Fighter Group, 21–25 February 1943, Spitfire
* 33d Fighter Group, 8–20 February 1943, P-40 Warhawk
* 52d Fighter Group, 9 March-14 April 1943, Spitfire
* 81st Fighter Group, 22–24 February 1943, P-39 Airacobra
* 15th Bombardment Squadron (Twelfth Air Force), 22 December 1942-February 1943 A-20 Havoc
* 154th Observation Squadron (68th Observation Group), 21 January-13 March 1943 (F-4 (P-38) Lightning)
By the end of the Battle of Tunisia, the Twelfth Air Force units had moved east and the Allied use of the airfield was reduced to a skeleton stationkeeping unit, being used as an emergency landing field for Air Transport Command units flying between Tunis and Algiers. It was abandoned by the American forces after the end of the European War during the summer of 1945.
# National Route 238 (Costa Rica)

National Secondary Route 238, or just Route 238 (Spanish: Ruta Nacional Secundaria 238, or Ruta 238) is a National Road Route of Costa Rica, located in the Puntarenas province.

## Description

In Puntarenas province the route covers Golfito canton (Golfito district), Corredores canton (Corredor, La Cuesta, Canoas, Laurel districts).
# Saka, Estonia

Saka is a village in Toila Parish, Ida-Viru County in northeastern Estonia. Before the 2017 Administrative Reform, the village belonged to Kohtla Parish. Karjaoru Falls is located in Saka.

## Saka Manor

In 1626, Saka (German: Sackhof) was given as an estate by Swedish King Gustavus Adolphus to the alderman of Narva Jürgen Leslie of Aberdeen, whose origins were Scottish but who had probably entered Swedish service during the time of the Thirty Years' War. The estate later passed into the Baltic German von Löwis of Menar family, and the current building was erected during the ownership of Oscar von Löwis of Menar, from 1862 to 1864. It was built in an accomplished Italian renaissance style, unusual for Estonian manor houses.
During the Soviet occupation of Estonia, the manor was used by Soviet military forces. During this time, the manor and the park fell into disrepair. It was abandoned, looted, and left in ruins after their departure, but was later restored.

## Saka Hoard

In 2015, the Saka Hoard was discovered in Saka. It is a silver hoard dating from the 11th or early 12th century.
# Magali Léger

Magali Léger is a contemporary French light soprano.

## Biography

Originally from Guadeloupe, Léger was a student of Christiane Eda-Pierre. In 1999, she won a First prize at the Conservatoire de Paris.
In 2003 she was nominated in the "Révélations" category of the Victoires de la musique.

## Discography

* Mottetti e Sonata da chiesa (motets and church sonatas), Georg Friedrich Haendel, Magali Léger and the RosaSolis ensemble, Musica Ficta, 2009.
* La Bonne Chanson, Gabriel Fauré, Magali Léger/Michaël Levinas, M&A 2008.
* Médée, opera by Michèle Reverdy, Mandala 2004.
* Pergolesi & Porpora, Cantate e Sonata da camera (Pergolesi and Porpora, cantatas and chamber sonatas), Magali Léger and RosaSolis.
* Astor Piazzola, Magali Léger and pianist Marcela Roggeri, Transart Live.
* La Métamorphose, opera by Michael Levinas, Aeon, 2012.
* Debussy : complete mélodies, Ligia Digital, décembre 2014.

## Videography

* Die Entführung aus dem Serail by Mozart, Les Musiciens du Louvre, conducted by Marc Minkowski, direction Jérôme Deschamps and Macha Makeïeff [fr], Festival d'Aix-en-Provence 2004, BelAir Classic.
* "Rameau, Maître à Danser" - Daphnis et Eglé - La naissance d'Osiris, Les Arts Florissants, conducted by William Christie, Outhere Music, 2014.
# Raymond Ratzlaff

Raymond Samuel Ratzlaff (April 10, 1931 – February 1, 2019) was a politician from Alberta, Canada. He served in the Legislative Assembly of Alberta from 1967 to 1971 as a member of the Social Credit caucus in government. He served in the cabinet of Premier Harry Strom from 1969 to 1971.

## Political career

Ratzlaff first ran for a seat to the Alberta Legislature in the 1967 general election, as a Social Credit candidate in the electoral district of Three Hills. He defeated three other candidates with over half the popular vote to hold the seat for his party.
On May 27, 1969 Ratzlaff was appointed Minister of Industry and Tourism by Premier Harry Strom. In the 1971 general election he was defeated by Progressive Conservative candidate Allan Warrack by just eight votes. He died in 2019 at the age of 87.
# Carl Nielsen Monument

The Carl Nielsen Monument, located at the corner of Grønningen and Store Kongensgade in central Copenhagen, Denmark, is a monument to Danish composer Carl Nielsen created by his wife Anne Marie Carl-Nielsen. It depicts a young man playing pan-pipes on a wingless Pegasus and is also known as The Genius of Music (Danish: Musikkens Genius). The original plaster model is owned by the Carl Nielsen Museum in Odense.

## Description

The monument is an allegorical equestrian statue. Horse and man are depicted in a dynamic pose. The naked young man with pan-pipes represents Pan, god of music in Greek mythology. His face strongly resembles that of a young Carl Nielsen. The Pegasus figure had wings in Anne Marie Carl-Nielsen's earlier models but the wings were left out in the final design.
Carl-Nielsen has commented on the design that "What I wanted to show in my figure is the forward movement, the sense of life, the fact that nothing stands still."

## History

Carl Nielsen died on 3 October 1931. The monument was a donation from the Committee for the Creation of a Monument to the Composer Carl Nielsen and the Foundation for the Advancement of Artistic Purposes (Fonden til kunstneriske Formaals Fremme).
Anne Marie Carl-Nielsen was commissioned to design the monument. She worked on it in her studio in Civiletatens Materialgård at Frederiksholms Kanal 26. She wrote: "I wanted to take the winged horse, eternal symbol of poetry, and place a musician on its back. He was to sit there between the rushing wings blowing a reed pipe out over Copenhagen". Dispute about her design and a shortfall in funding meant that the monument was delayed and that Anne Marie herself ended up subsidising it. It was finally unveiled on 17 December 1939.
# Troy Waters

Troy Weston Waters (23 April 1965 – 18 May 2018) was an Australian light middleweight boxer and member of the Australian National Boxing Hall of Fame. Waters fought for the world title three times during his career, losing to Gianfranco Rosi, Terry Norris and Simon Brown. He was the son of Cec Waters and the younger brother of boxers Dean and Guy.

## Early life

Troy and his brothers were initially trained by their father who was a brutal taskmaster. Troy said their life was like a "military camp where it was boxing for breakfast, lunch and dinner". Waters fought as a junior middleweight.

## Professional career

Waters turned pro in 1984 and won his first five professional fights before losing to future WBA super middleweight champion In-Chul Baek for the OPBF light middleweight title. Waters lost a twelve-round decision. In 1987, he won the Commonwealth Title knocking out Lloyd Hibbert in the fourth round. He successfully defended the title four times. In his 16th fight and on a nine fight win streak he fought Gianfranco Rosi in Italy for the IBF Super Welterweight (light middleweight) title on 27 October 1989. The bout went the distance but was fairly one-sided, with the defending champion retaining his belt in a 12 Round unanimous decision.
Waters second attempt at a world title came six wins later in 1993 in San Diego when he lost to WBC light middleweight champ Terry Norris in three rounds. The second round of his fight with Norris was named The Ring's "round of the year" for 1993. Waters knocked down Norris in the second round, but lost by TKO in the third round. Just two fights later Waters lost his third and final title fight to Simon Brown in Las Vegas by majority decision. In his next fight he defeated Mexican and former WBC welterweight champion Jorge Vaca.
After a car accident and almost retiring, his last major fight for promoter Don King, was a loss in the first round in a WBC eliminator match to future champion Félix Trinidad, in August 1997 at Madison Square Garden. He ended his career stopping Ambrose Mlilo to finish at 28–5, with 20 knockouts. Troy was the 2009 Inductee for the Australian National Boxing Hall of Fame Moderns category.

## Death

Waters was diagnosed with acute myeloid leukaemia, a rare form of blood cancer, in July 2014. He died on 18 May 2018, leaving his wife Michelle and two children. In tribute, former Australian World Champion Jeff Fenech said "He was a great fighter, a great person, a great human."

## Professional boxing record

| 33 fights | 28 wins | 5 losses |
| By knockout | 20 | 2 |
| By decision | 8 | 3 |
# Noaka attack

On June 26, 2023, jihadists from Jama'at Nasr al-Islam wal-Muslimin attacked pro-government Volunteers for the Defense of the Homeland (VDP) militiamen in Noaka, Sanmatenga Province, Burkina Faso. Over 33 VDP were killed in the attack, and Burkinabe officials claimed that over 50 jihadists were killed.

## Background

Violence by jihadist groups increased exponentially since the September 2022 Burkina Faso coup d'état that overthrew putschist Paul-Henri Sandaogo Damiba, who came to power in a coup that January. Much of the violence was caused by the al-Qaeda-aligned Jama'at Nasr al-Islam wal-Muslimin and it's affiliates in Burkina Faso and the Islamic State – Sahil Province, which have besieged towns and launched deadly attacks on Burkinabe soldiers and pro-government militiamen.
Jihadists from JNIM attacked Burkinabe VDP in Namssiguia on the same day as the Noaka attack, killing over 34 soldiers and 40 jihadists.

## Attack

Only VDP militiamen were present at the base in Noaka at the time of the attack. Little information about the details of the attack are available due to heavy press restrictions in Burkina Faso, but Burkinabe officials said that the VDP fought "valiantly" during the attack. An official in the VDP stated that dozens of men were killed and many more were injured, and several others were missing. A resident of Noaka stated that around thirty VDP were killed in the attack, and dubbed it "a massacre." The VDP defenses killed a large number of the jihadists, and several motorcycles and weapons were retrieved.
Burkinabe officials stated on June 30 that 33 VDP were killed in the attack and around 50 jihadists were killed.
# Robert Wagner Dowling

Robert Wagner Dowling (September 28, 1924 – March 4, 2019) was a provincial-level politician from Alberta, Canada. He served as a member of the Legislative Assembly of Alberta from 1969 to 1979 sitting as a member of the Progressive Conservative caucus. During his time in office he served a few different Cabinet portfolios in the government of Premier Peter Lougheed.

## Early life

Robert Wagner Dowling was born in Camrose, Alberta on September 28, 1924. He was the son of Harold James Dowling and Emma Maude Wagner, and was educated in Camrose, at the University of British Columbia and at the University of Alberta. In 1952, he married Olga Louise Yewchin. Dowling served in the Royal Canadian Air Force from 1942 to 1945. Before entering politics, he was a pharmacist and owned three drug stores and a patent medicine store.

## Political career

Dowling ran for a seat to the Alberta Legislature in a by-election held on October 28, 1969 in the electoral district of Edson. He won a hotly contested race defeating three other candidates including NDP leader Grant Notley to pick up the electoral district of the Progressive Conservative party who formed the official opposition at the time.
Dowling ran for a second term in office a couple years later in the 1971 Alberta general election, which saw the Progressive Conservatives come to power. He substantially increased his majority and was easily re-elected defeating two other candidates. After the election, new Premier Peter Lougheed appointed Dowling to his first cabinet as a Minister without portfolio responsible for Tourism. He was shuffled to another portfolio in the middle of his term and became the Minister of Consumer Affairs.
Dowling ran for a third term in the 1975 Alberta general election, his first time standing for re-election with ministerial advantage. His popular vote dropped slightly, but he was re-elected easily as the opposition vote collapsed.
After the election he was shuffled to a similar cabinet post as the first one he served. He became the Minister of Business Development and Tourism. He held that portfolio until he retired from provincial politics at dissolution of the assembly in 1979.
In 2000 Dowling was awarded the Alberta Centennial Medal. Dowling died in March 2019 at the age of 94.
# Roderick Macleod (Alberta politician)

Roderick Angus Macleod (August 3, 1908 – June 8, 2004) was a provincial level politician from Alberta, Canada. He served as a member of the Legislative Assembly of Alberta from 1959 to 1963. He served in the governing Social Credit caucus representing the electoral district of Olds.

## Political career

Macleod ran for a seat in the Alberta Legislature in a by-election held on February 9, 1959. He easily defeated W. Anderson to hold the electoral district for Social Credit. Macleod was forced to run for re-election that same year in the 1959 Alberta general election. He was returned to his seat after defeating Progressive Conservative candidate Bruce Hanson by similar margin as the by-election.
Olds electoral district was abolished in 1963, Macleod did not re-offer in a new district.