OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Thermococcus gammatolerans

Thermococcus gammatolerans is a gram-negative archaeon extremophile and the most radiation-resistant organism known to exist.
As reported in 2003 the type strain EJ3$^T$ was taken from a submarine hydrothermal vent in the Guaymas Basin off the coast of Baja California at a depth of about 2,600 m by submersible Nautile during the 1991 Guaynaut cruise. Thermococcus gammatolerans thrives in temperatures between 55 and 95 °C with an optimum development around 88 °C.
Its optimal growth pH is 6, favoring the presence of sulfur (S), which is reduced to hydrogen sulfide (H $_2$S). It is the organism with the strongest known resistance to radiation, supporting a radiation of gamma rays from 30,000 gray (Gy).
Along with the genera Palaeococcus and Pyrococcus, Thermococcus belongs to the Thermococcaceae family, sole family of the Thermococci (called "Protoarchaea" by Cavalier-Smith), a class in the phylum Euryarchaeota of Archaea. Thermococcus species live in extremely hot environments such as hydrothermal vents with a growth optimum temperature above 80 °C. Thermococcus and Pyrococcus (literally "ball of fire") are both chemoorganotrophic anaerobic required. Thermococcus spp. prefer 70–95 °C, whereas Pyrococcus species prefer 70–100 °C.
The resistance to ionizing radiation of T. gammatolerans is enormous. While a dose of 5 Gy is sufficient to kill a human, and a dose of 60 Gy is able to kill all cells in a colony of E. coli, Thermococcus gammatolerans can withstand doses up to 30,000 Gy, and an instantaneous dose up to 5,000 Gy with no loss of viability.

## History

Thermococcus gammatolerans was discovered in 2003 in samples collected from a hydrothermal chimney at the Guaymas Basin about 2,000 m deep off the coast of California, (27° 1' N, 111° 24' W).

## Mechanisms of resistance to radiation

Unlike other organisms, cell survival in T. gammatolerans is not altered by changing conditions in its growth phase, but the lack of ideal conditions and nutrients decreases its radioresistance. The system of chromosomal DNA repair shows that cells in stationary phase of growth reconstitute DNA more rapidly than cells in exponential growth phase. T. gammatolerans can slowly or quickly rebuild damaged chromosomes without loss of viability.

## Applications

A study has been conducted of its application to the development of new enzymatic markers that are resistant to high temperatures and their application in the study of carcinogenesis and the study of the development of mitochondrial diseases. DNA repair mechanisms of T. gammatolerans could be incorporated into the genome of more complex species to improve DNA repair and reduce cellular aging.

## Etymology

Thermococcus: Greek feminine noun thermê (θέρμη), heat; Neo-Latin masculine noun coccus (from Greek masculine noun kokkos (κόκκος), berry), coccus; new Latin masculine noun Thermococcus, coccus existing in hot environment. gammatolerans: Gr. gamma (γάμμα), referring to gamma rays; Latin participle adjective tolerans, tolerating; Neo-Latin participle adjective gammatolerans, referring to its ability to tolerate high levels of γ-rays.
# Kahriz-e Sorkh

Kahriz-e Sorkh (Persian: كهريزسرخ, also Romanized as Kahrīz-e Sorkh and Kahrīz Sorkh) is a village in Borborud-e Gharbi Rural District, in the Central District of Aligudarz County, Lorestan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 161, in 30 families.
# As You Are (play)

As You Are is a 1939 comedy play by Hugh Mills and Wells Root. It premiered at Richmond Theatre under the title Stay Just As You Are during the early months of the Second World War. It then transferred to London's West End where it ran for 74 performances from 12 January 1940 to 16 March 1940, initially at the Aldwych Theatre before moving to the Whitehall Theatre. The West End cast included Diana Churchill, Morland Graham, Edward Chapman, Hugh Dempster, Elliott Mason, Muriel George, O.B. Clarence, Vincent Holman, Charles Mortimer and Joan Hickson. A review in the New Statesman considered that despite its complicated plot, the play had many of the "right ingredients" for a successful comedy.

## Adaptation

It was adapted for the 1941 film Turned Out Nice Again starring George Formby. His last film made for Ealing Studios it also co-starred Peggy Bryan and Mackenzie Ward, as well as several members of the stage cast including Mason and Chapman. In 1958 it was adapted into an Australian television film As You Are.
# Bara, Timiș

Bara (Hungarian: Barafalva; German: Barr) is a commune in Timiș County, Romania. It is composed of five villages: Bara (commune seat), Dobrești, Lăpușnic, Rădmănești and Spata. Bara is located in the northeast of Timiș County, in a hilly area, 70 km (43 mi) from Timișoara and 30 km (19 mi) from Lugoj.

## History

The first recorded mention of Bara dates from 1367. The name Bara is of Slavic origin and, in medieval documents, is associated with the description "terra acquosa", meaning a marshy land. In 1440 Bara is taken from the prefect of Timiș by King Vladislav I and given to the Șoimoș Fortress. By 1477 it was the property of the prefect of Pozsony, Miklós Bánffy. Under the Turks it was destroyed and re-established in 1690–1700. In 1879 Bara was bought by Pavel Teodorescu and Constantin Florea. The village was Romanian and remained mostly Romanian during the Austro-Hungarian rule.
All the villages in the commune were massively depopulated after World War II. Spata, for instance, became a ghost village in 1997 with the death of the last native. However, the settlement was repopulated by several families of Transylvanian shepherds.

## Demographics

Ethnic composition (2011)
Religious composition (2011)
Bara had a population of 388 inhabitants at the 2011 census, up 3% from the 2002 census. Most inhabitants are Romanians (97.94%). For 1.8% of the population, ethnicity is unknown. By religion, most inhabitants are Orthodox (97.42%). For 1.8% of the population, religious affiliation is unknown.

## Notable people

* Daniel Ciobotea (b. 1951), Patriarch of the Romanian Orthodox Church (2007–present)
# Chukchi Peninsula

The Chukchi Peninsula (also Chukotka Peninsula or Chukotski Peninsula; Russian: Чуко́тский полуо́стров, Chukotskiy poluostrov, short form Russian: Чуко́тка, Chukotka), at about 66° N 172° W, is the easternmost peninsula of Asia. Its eastern end is at Cape Dezhnev near the village of Uelen. The Chukotka Mountains are located in the central/western part of the peninsula, which is bounded by the Chukchi Sea to the north, the Bering Sea to the south, and the Bering Strait to the east, where at its easternmost point it is only about 60 km (37 mi) from Seward Peninsula in Alaska; this is the smallest distance between the land masses of Eurasia and North America. The peninsula is part of Chukotka Autonomous Okrug of Russia.
The peninsula is traditionally the home of tribes of the indigenous peoples of Siberia as well as some Russian settlers. It lies along the Northern Sea Route, or Northeast Passage. Industries on the peninsula are mining (tin, lead, zinc, gold, and coal), hunting and trapping, reindeer raising, and fishing.
In the Bering Strait about halfway between the peninsula and the Seward Peninsula are the fairly small Diomede Islands; the western one is Big Diomede, Russia and the eastern one is Little Diomede Island, Alaska. The much larger St. Lawrence Island, Alaska, is about 50 km (31 mi) southeast of the peninsula's southernmost point.
The Eturerveyem River flows into Kolyuchin Bay on the peninsula.
# Sar Nish

Sar Nish (Persian: سرنيش, also Romanized as Sar Nīsh) is a village in Sarjam Rural District, Ahmadabad District, Mashhad County, Razavi Khorasan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 234, in 64 families.
# Lise Cutter

Lise Cutter (born July 31, 1959) is an American actress who is known for her roles as Susan Campbell on Perfect Strangers, and as Gina McKay on Dangerous Curves.

## Filmography
### Film

| Year | Title | Role | Notes |
| 1987 | Buy & Cell | Dr. Ellen Scott | |
| 1990 | Havana | Patty | |
| 1992 | Nickel & Dime | Cathleen Markson | |
| 1992 | Shadow Force | Mary Denton | |
| 1994 | Sioux City | Allison | also known as Ultimate Revenge |
| 1994 | Fleshtone | Jennifer Womak | |

### Television

| Year | Title | Role | Notes |
| 1985 | Dallas | Model | Episode: "Legacy of Hate" |
| 1986 | Remington Steele | Triathlon Worker | Episode: "Steele in the Running" |
| 1986 | Perfect Strangers | Susan Campbell | Recurring role (seasons 1–2), 8 episodes (and unaired pilot) |
| 1987 | Matlock | Kathy Dawson – Nurse | Episode: "The Nurse" |
| 1987 | L.A. Law | Lucinda Bonner | Episode: "Oy Vey! Wilderness!" |
| 1987 | Desperado | Nora Malloy | Television movie |
| 1988 | Frank's Place | Alexandra 'Pudd'n' Boatwright | Episode: "Shorty's Belle" |
| 1988 | Desperado: Avalanche at Devil's Ridge | Nora | Television movie |
| 1988 | Lovers, Partners & Spies | Satin Carlyle | also known as Satin's Touch; unsuccessful television pilot(?) |
| 1989 | MacGyver | Professor Zoe Ryan | Episodes: "Legend of the Holy Rose: Part 1", "Legend of the Holy Rose: Part 2" |
| 1989 | Desperado: The Outlaw Wars | Nora | Television movie |
| 1989 | 21 Jump Street | Cheryl | Episode: "Things We Said Today" |
| 1990 | Equal Justice | Andrea Kanin | Episode: Pilot |
| 1990 | Jake and the Fatman | Kathy Jameson | Episode: "Goodbye" |
| 1990, 1994 | Murder, She Wrote | Tillie Bascomb / Melissa Maddox / Terry Deauville | Episodes: "Good-Bye Charlie", "Deadly Misunderstanding", "Murder by Twos" |
| 1992 | Civil Wars | Julia Hemmings | Episode: "Honi Soit Qui Mal Y Pense" |
| 1992–93 | Dangerous Curves | Gina McKay / Jessie Halloran (1 episode) | Lead role, 34 episodes |
| 1994 | Walker, Texas Ranger | Pamela | Episode: "Rampage" |
| 1994 | Renegade | Reba Cross | Episode: "Rustler's Rodeo" |
| 1995 | The Cosby Mysteries | FBI Agent | Episode: "Goldilocks" |
# Al-Shabab Al-Basri SC

Al-Shabab Al-Basri Sport Club (Arabic: نادي الشباب البصري الرياضي), is an Iraqi football team based in Al-Hussein district, Basra, that plays in Iraqi Second Division League.

## Managerial history

* Alwan Musa

## Honours
### National

* Iraqi First Division League
** Winners (1): 2018–19
# Pasipha mbya

Pasipha mbya is a species of land planarian belonging to the subfamily Geoplaninae. It is found within Argentina.

## Description

Pasipha mbya has an elongate body with parallel margins, reaching up to 46 mm in length. The front tip of the body is slightly rounded, while the back tip is pointed. The dorsum is a dark grey color, with a yellow band extending along the middle of the body. The band is mottled with black spots and is bordered by thin black stripes at the para-median level. The ventral side of the body is light grey.

## Etymology

The specific epithet of mbya was given in devotion to the Mbyá Guaraní people, the native people of Misiones Province and its rainforests, where the type specimens of P. mbya were found.

## Distribution

P. mbya is only known to be found in Misiones, Argentina, having been found in Urugua-í Provincial Park and Iguazú National Park.
# Elizabeth Galloway Bell

Elizabeth Galloway Bell OAM (10 September 1911 – 16 March 2007) (née Watson) was an Australian buddhist and president of the Buddhist Society of Victoria for twenty years. She also served as chair of the Buddhism Federation of Australia, and editor of the journal Metta. She helped organize the first visit of the Dalai Lama to Australia, and was a delegate to the World Conference on Religions for Peace, held in Melbourne in 1984. She received the medal of the Order of Australia in 1999 for her contributions to Buddhism in Australia.

## Biography

Elizabeth Watson was born in Melbourne, Australia, on 16 September 1911. Her parents, William and Christina Watson, had emigrated to Australia from Scotland in 1907. Her father was a ship's master. Bell was their eldest daughter. A son, Thomas, was born two years later. She attended Coburg High School, and worked in a flower shop.
Bell married Graeme Bell, a jazz musician, in 1946. Graeme Bell was one of the early pioneers of jazz in Australia. At the time of their marriage, Graeme had his own band, the Dixieland Jazz Band, which was growing in popularity. In 1947, they were invited to play at the World Youth Festival in Czechoslovakia; they stayed oversees for a year and toured in Europe. Bell joined her husband while his band was touring. In 1950, while again traveling overseas, Bell gave birth to their only child, Christina, in England. Bell and Graeme later divorced. Graeme moved to Sydney, and remarried. Bell stayed in Victoria, and raised their daughter there.
Among her other interests, Bell wrote poetry, and her poem "Ern Malley's Sister" was published in Quadrant magazine in 2006.
Bell died on 16 March 2007, in Richmond, Victoria, at age 95.

## Leadership in Buddhist societies

Bell started practicing in Buddhism in 1963. Raised in the Presbyterian church, she found herself drawn to Buddhist teachings. She became a member of the Buddhist Society of Victoria, which was the oldest Buddhist society in Australia, established in 1953. She became president in the 1970s and served for over twenty years in that role. She hosted gatherings at her house, and welcomed many guests. In 1975, she oversaw the purchase of a house to be used for holding lectures and events, known as the Buddhist House.
Bell served on the committee that organized the 1982 visit of the Dalai Lama to Australia. At the time, the Dalai Lama was not well-known in the country, outside Buddhist circles. The historic visit, the Dalai Lama's first to Australia, was a relatively quiet and low-key affair, planned by local volunteers.
Bell was also involved in the national Buddhist Federation of Australia, and became chairwoman in the 1970s. In the late 1980s, she served as editor of the federation's magazine Metta. In 1984, when the fourth World Conference on Religions and Peace was held in Melbourne, Bell attended as a delegate. In 1986, she authored a short history on the development of buddhism in Victoria.
As part of the 1999 Queen's Birthday Honours, Bell received the Medal of the Order of Australia, in recognition of her contributions to Buddhism.
# Ruben Rubenov

Ruben Gukasovich Rubenov (Russian: Рубен Гукасович Рубенов, Azerbaijani: Рубен Гукасович Рубенов, romanized: Ruben Qukasoviç Rubenov, Armenian: Ռուբեն Ղուկասի Ռուբենով) (1894 – 27 November 1937), also known as Ruben Mkrtichyan, was a Bolshevik revolutionary and Soviet politician who served as the 6th First Secretary of Azerbaijan Communist Party and revolutionary.

## Early years and career

Rubenov was born in 1893 to an Armenian worker's family in Tiflis. In 1914, he joined the Bolshevik Party ranks. Before the Russian revolution of 1917, he was arrested several times for his revolutionary activities in Transcaucasia. On 7 February 1933 he was appointed the First Secretary of Azerbaijan SSR and served until 10 December that year, when he was replaced by Mir Jafar Baghirov. He was then appointed the Plenipotentiary of the Party Control Committee for the Kiev Oblast of Ukrainian SSR in 1934.

## Arrest and execution

On 15 September 1937 he was arrested for "participation in terrorist activities" and sentenced to execution by firing squad by Military Tribunal. He was executed on 27 November 1937 at Butovo firing range. On 17 November 1954 he was posthumously rehabilitated by Military Collegium of the Supreme Court of the USSR.
# Emily Nutsey

Emily May Nutsey MBE RRC (1887–1953) was a New Zealand nurse, civilian and army matron. She was born in Christchurch, Canterbury, New Zealand in 1887.
She was appointed an Associate of the Royal Red Cross in 1918 and was promoted to Member of the Royal Red Cross in 1942. In 1935, she was awarded the King George V Silver Jubilee Medal and she was appointed a Member of the Order of the British Empire in the 1937 Coronation Honours.
# Genlujeh

Genlujeh (Persian: گنلوجه, also Romanized as Genlūjeh; also known as Gand Lūjeh and Ganeh Lūjeh) is a village in Arshaq-e Gharbi Rural District, Moradlu District, Meshgin Shahr County, Ardabil Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 257, in 56 families.
# Jeyran Bolaghi, East Azerbaijan

Jeyran Bolaghi (Persian: جیرانبلاغی, also Romanized as Jeyrān Bolāghī; also known as Jeiran Bolagh, Jeyrān Bolāgh, Jirānbolāgh, and Jirān Bulāqi) is a village in Barvanan-e Gharbi Rural District, Torkamanchay District, Meyaneh County, East Azerbaijan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 163, in 34 families.
# Benek Sar

Benek Sar (Persian: بنكسر, also Romanized as Boneksar) is a village in Rahimabad Rural District, Rahimabad District, Rudsar County, Gilan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 194, in 57 families.
# Heather McAdam

Heather McAdam is an American actress.
McAdam's major acting projects have included the roles of Catherine "Cat" Margolis in the television series Sisters (1991–96), Dwana Pusser in Walking Tall (1981), and Michelle Ryan in Salvage 1 (1979). She has also made guest appearances on several other TV shows including Touched by an Angel, Beverly Hills 90210, Quantum Leap, The Facts of Life, Doogie Howser, M.D., and Matlock.
# Kamenný Malíkov

Kamenný Malíkov (German: Stein Moliken) is a municipality and village in Jindřichův Hradec District in the South Bohemian Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 70 inhabitants.
Kamenný Malíkov lies approximately 12 kilometres (7 mi) north-east of Jindřichův Hradec, 55 km (34 mi) north-east of České Budějovice, and 110 km (68 mi) south-east of Prague.
# Julie Fulton

Julie Fulton (born April 10, 1959) is an American actress of stage and screen.
Fulton was born in Evanston, Illinois.

## Career

Fulton portrayed astronaut Judith Resnik in the movie about the shuttle disaster Challenger. She also played a secretary on Robert Wagner's Lime Street and played several characters in the summer variety The Dave Thomas Comedy Show consisting of comedy sketches and shown on Second City Television (SCT) debuting May 28, 1990. She had recurring roles on ER and Cagney and Lacey and starring roles in Burned Out, Simon and Simon, Hunter, Unholy Matrimony, and My Brother’s Keeper, among others.
Theatre credits include originating roles for stage at Yale Repertory theatre, South Coast Repertory theatre, Los Angeles and New York. Her one-woman show premiered as a guest artist at the University of California San Diego. She also guested at the British American Dramatic Academy in Oxford, England.

### Other notable roles

TV
* 1997: Buffy the Vampire Slayer playing an FBI Teacher in the episode "Out of Mind, Out of Sight"
* 1995: ER playing Swanson in the episodes "Sleepless in Chicago" and "The Birthday Party"
* 1994: Melrose Place playing Michelle Bellows in the episode "The Days of Wine and Vodka"
* 1991: Her Wicked Ways (TV movie) playing Christine.
* 1990: Challenger playing Dr. Judith Resnik.
* 1989: Matlock playing Officer Donna Dawson in the episode "The Captain"
* 1987: Highway to Heaven playing Sharon Ryder in the episode "Normal People"
* 1986: Perfect playing Martha Young
* 1985: Family Ties as 'Suzie Harris' in the episodes 58 & 66 "Oh Donna" & "Cold Storage"
* 1985: regular Celia Wesphal on Lime Street
# Poshteh-ye Mohnu

Poshteh-ye Mohnu (Persian: پشته مهنو, also Romanized as Poshteh-ye Mohnū) is a village in Howmeh Rural District, in the Central District of Minab County, Hormozgan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 1,313, in 268 families.
# Chelan, Lorestan

Chelan (Persian: چلان, also Romanized as Chelān and Chālān) is a village in Zalaqi-ye Gharbi Rural District, Besharat District, Aligudarz County, Lorestan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 87, in 16 families.
# Radunia

The Radunia (German: Radaune; Kashubian: Reduniô) is a small river in Kashubia (Pomerelia) in northern Poland, which issues from a lake and falls into the Motława near the city of Gdańsk.
Part of its water is conveyed into the city via the 13.5 km long Radunia Canal (Kanał Raduni (pl) / Radaunekanal (de)) or New Radaune, a canal built in the 14th century by Teutonic Knights, to provide water and power to operate the Great Mill.
Its source is Lake Stężyckie near Stężyca. Near Krępiec, the Radunia joins the Motława, a tributary to the Vistula in Gdańsk. The length of the Radunia is 103,2 km, area 837 km², with a height difference of 162 m. Places along the river are Żukowo and Pruszcz Gdański, with 22,000 inhabitants.
From 1910 to 1937, eight water power stations were built, delivering 14 MW in total.

## Literature

* Wilhelm Brauer, Prußische Siedlungen westlich der Weichsel: Versuch einer etymologischen Deutung heimatlicher Flurnamen, J.-G.-Herder-Bibliothek Siegerland, Siegen 1983
* Karl Pernin, Wanderungen durch die sogen : Kassubei und die Tuchler Haide als Beiträge zur Landeskenntniss gewidmet seinen westpreussischen Landsleuten, den Turnern und allen Freunden der Natur, Verlag und Druck von A. W. Kafemann, Danzig 1886
# Vălcani

Vălcani (often spelled Valcani; Hungarian: Valkány; German: Walkan; Serbian: Валкањ, romanized: Valkanj) is a commune in Timiș County, Romania. It is composed of a single village, Vălcani. An independent commune from 1877 to 1968, it was a village of Dudeștii Vechi commune from that year until 2005, when it again became independent.

## Geography

Vălcani is located in the west of Timiș County, in the Aranca Plain, on the border with Serbia. It is comprised between Dudeștii Vechi commune in the east and north and Teremia Mare commune in the south. It is located 82 km (51 mi) from Timișoara and about 20 km (12 mi) from Sânnicolau Mare, the nearest town.
The surface hydrographic network is represented by the Aranca River and the older branches of the Mureș River, Mureșan and Țiganca streams.

## History

The first data about Valcani appear in documents from 1256, when it was called Kyuolkan, being inhabited by blaci (Romanians) and biseni (probably Pechenegs). It was first owned by the Csanád clan [hu], in 1647 it was donated to János Horváth-Kissevics, and in 1717 it became the property of the Habsburg emperor. After the annexation of Banat by Hungary, the estate was sold to the Batthyány family, and in 1850 Simon Sinas became the owner. He later sold the property to several owners.
The first inhabitants settled in the part of the village known as Grădini ("Gardens"), about 300–400 m (980–1,310 ft) from the Aranca River, between Dudeștii Vechi and the current hearth of the village, being called Vălcaniul de Sus ("Upper Vălcani"). Later, as a result of the increase in the number of inhabitants, the population expanded downstream on Aranca, in the area known today as Șuștreni, being called Vălcaniul de Jos ("Lower Vălcani"). During the Ottoman rule, other neighborhoods appeared, such as Carafala.
The main occupation of the inhabitants was sheep breeding, but over time they began to cultivate the land. In 1736 the locality is divided in two, a part is ceded in order to colonize with Romanian population from Transylvania, Caraș and Severin, and a part is leased. At the beginning of the 20th century, the locality had 720 houses and 4,829 inhabitants, respectively.
Vălcani commune was first established in 1877 and functioned as an administrative unit until 1968, when it was abolished, being attached to Dudeștii Vechi commune. Following a local referendum held in 2004, Vălcani commune was re-established, consisting of a single village.

## Demographics

Ethnic composition (2011)
Religious composition (2011)
Vălcani had a population of 1,350 inhabitants at the 2011 census, up 3% from the 2002 census. Most inhabitants are Romanians (93.63%), with a minority of Hungarians (2.52%). For 2.67% of the population, ethnicity is unknown. By religion, most inhabitants are Orthodox (91.11%), but there are also minorities of Roman Catholics (2.89%) and Pentecostals (1.11%). For 2.74% of the population, religious affiliation is unknown.

## Notable people

* Grațian Sepi (1910–1977), footballer