OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Adams–Stokes syndrome

Adams–Stokes syndrome, Stokes–Adams syndrome, Gerbec–Morgagni–Adams–Stokes syndrome or GMAS syndrome is a periodic fainting spell in which there is intermittent complete heart block or other high-grade arrhythmia that results in loss of spontaneous circulation and inadequate blood flow to the brain. Subsequently, named after two Irish physicians, Robert Adams (1791–1875) and William Stokes (1804–1877), the first description of the syndrome is believed to have been published in 1717 by the Carniolan physician of Slovene descent Marko Gerbec. It is characterized by an abrupt decrease in cardiac output and loss of consciousness due to a transient arrhythmia; for example, bradycardia due to complete heart block.

## Signs and symptoms

Typically an attack occurs without warning, leading to sudden loss of consciousness. Prior to an attack, a patient may be pale with hypoperfusion. Abnormal movements may be present, typically consisting of twitching after 15–20 seconds of unconsciousness. (These movements, which are not seizures, occur because of brainstem hypoxia and not due to cortical discharge as is the case for epileptiform seizures). Breathing typically continues normally throughout the attack, and, upon recovery, the patient becomes flushed as the heart rapidly pumps the oxygenated blood from the pulmonary beds into the systemic circulation, which has become dilated due to hypoxia.
As with any syncopal episode that results from a cardiac dysrhythmia, the fainting does not depend on the patient's position. If it occurs during sleep, the presenting symptom may simply be feeling hot and flushed on waking.

## Causes

The attacks are caused by any temporary lack of cardiac output caused by a transient abnormal heart rhythm. Paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia or atrial fibrillation has been reported as the underlying cause in up to 5% of patients in one series. The resulting lack of blood flow to the brain is responsible for the loss of consciousness and associated fainting episode.

## Diagnosis

Stokes–Adams attacks may be diagnosed from the history, with paleness prior to the attack and flushing after it particularly characteristic. The ECG will show complete heart block, high grade AV block, or other malignant arrhythmia during the attacks. Torsades de Pointes can occur in a heart block setting.

## Treatment

Initial treatment can be medical, involving the use of drugs like isoprenaline (Europe) or isoproterenol (US/Canada) (Isuprel) and epinephrine (adrenaline). Temporary cardiac pacing may also be used in a closely monitored setting. However, definitive treatment includes the insertion of a permanent cardiac pacemaker.
# Padang Island

Padang Island is an island in Riau province, Indonesia, close to the east coast of Sumatra island. The area is 1,676.68 km² and the population at the 2020 Census was 32,934; the official estimate as at mid 2023 was 33,915. Administratively, it forms the districts (kecamatan) of Merbau (which covers the southern part of Padang Island, but does not include any part of nearby Merbau Island) and Tasik Putri Puyu (which covers the northern part of Padang Island), both districts being within the Meranti Islands Regency of Riau province. It should not be confused with the city of Padang, West Sumatra, or the island of Padang in Borneo.
# Max Topplin

Max Topplin (born December 14, 1989) is a Canadian theatre, television and film actor. He was born in Toronto, Ontario. He made his debut on the television series Ghost Trackers. He is best known for his role in the USA Network legal drama Suits, where he played Harold Gunderson.

## Activism

Topplin is a director of LifePaths, a project focused on creating telemedicine systems to help in Haiti.

## Filmography
### Film

| Year | Title | Role | Notes |
| 2008 | The Incredible Hulk | Jimmy | |
| 2012 | The Barrens AKA Devil in the Woods | Zach | |
| 2012 | Dead Before Dawn 3D | Hillbilly Dave | |
| 2013 | Carrie | Jackie | |
| 2015 | Almost Anything | Jay | |
| 2020 | The Toll | Spencer | |
| 2022 | Fixation | Guard Spencer | Also a Producer |

### Television

| Year | Title | Role | Notes |
| 2006 | Ghost Trackers | Max | |
| 2008 | Camp Rock | Boy #1 | TV movie |
| 2008 | Fringe | Angry Teen | Pilot episode |
| 2008 | House Party | Birdy | |
| 2008 | Degrassi: The Next Generation | Dyson | Episodes: S8E08 "Lost in Love: Part 1" & S8E15 "Touch of Grey" |
| 2010 | How to Be Indie | Madison | Episode: S1E21 "How to Not Get Crushed by Your Crush" |
| 2010 | Haven | Matt West | Episode: S1E10 "The Hand You're Dealt" |
| 2010 | Todd and the Book of Pure Evil | Len Bergman | Episode: S1E12 "Checkmate" |
| 2011 | MetaJets | Doug Fontaine (voice) | Animated TV series |
| 2011–15, 2019 | Suits | Harold Gunderson | Recurring role |
| 2012 | Sunshine Sketches of a Little Town | Young Man Bob | TV movie |
| 2016 | The Crossroads of History | Hall Monitor | Episode: "Hitler" |
| 2016 | Shoot the Messenger | Harry Beauchamp III | Episodes: S1E4 "Careful What You Pray For", S1E5 "Strange Bedfellows" |
| 2018 | Insomnia | Martin | |
# From Your Favourite Sky

"From Your Favourite Sky" is I Am Kloot's first single of 2004, released in March of that year. It was promoted by a video using filmed footage taken from their UK and European tour at the end of the previous year. X-Ray Magazine said of the song, that the 'Manchester trio' restore 'faith in songwriting', with 'Johnny Bramwell's fabulous voice ... the key to a lot of this magic,' his 'tongue-twisting around the easy-going "From Your Favourite Sky" ... is captivating and soothing'. Natasha Perry at Contact Music wrote: "There's a definite classical and flamenco tinge to it, bizarre given there's not a classical instrument in there. The lyrics are great... I guarantee you that I Am Kloot will find a way into your heart'.

## Release

"From Your Favourite Sky" first appeared on I Am Kloot's self-titled second album. Preceded by "3 Feet Tall" which was released in September 2003, the track was the fourth single from the album and released in March 2004. Despite the success of the two previous singles from the album, this track failed to enter the UK singles chart.

## Music video

The music video for "From Your Favourite Sky" was directed by Krishna Stott, who had already made the music video for the band's previous single, "Life in a Day", and went on to make the music video for their next single "Proof" (a nearly three minute long take of British actor Christopher Eccleston).
Following the release of the album, Stott and camera operator Alex Perry traveled with the band on their late 2003 UK and European support tour filming sections of gigs, as well as filming the entire concert at The Ritz club in Manchester with a full crew. The intention was to use the filmed material in some way at a future date. More immediately, footage from both the Manchester concert and other gigs was used by Stott to create the music video for this single. The images filmed live were manipulated in post-production by Stott creating an unusual and intimate profile of the band. Both "Life in a Day" and "From Your Favourite Sky" videos are available on I Am Kloot's Gods and Monsters second disc DVD (2005).

## Track listing

The single was released on two formats, download and two CDs. All songs written by John Harold Arnold Bramwell.

### Download

* "From Your Favourite Sky"
* "Life in a Day (Live)"
* "Not a Reasonable Man (Live)"
* "From Your Favourite Sky (Live)"

### CD 1

* "From Your Favourite Sky"
* "This House Is Haunted"
* "Cinders"
* "Deep Blue Sea"
* "By Myself"

### CD 2

* "From Your Favourite Sky"
* "Life in a Day (Live)"
* "Not a Reasonable Man (Live)"
* "From Your Favourite Sky (Live)"
* "From Your Favourite Sky" (music video)
# 1978 in Mauritius

Events in the year 1978 in Mauritius.

## Governor-General of Mauritius

* Sir Henry Garrioch (1977–1979)

## Events

* Dr. Regis Chaperon State Secondary School, Quatre Bornes, established

## Births

* 20 September - Akash Choolun, Mauritian former international footballer
* 6 October - Westley Laboucherie, Mauritian footballer
# 1960 in Mauritania

The following lists events that happened during 1960 in Mauritania.

## Events
### November

* November 28 - The African state of Mauritania became independent shortly after midnight, with Moktar Ould Daddah receiving the transfer of sovereignty from France's Prime Minister, Michel Debre. Daddah declared that "Mauritania ... will never forget what she owes the French people."

### December

* December 4 - The Islamic Republic of Mauritania had applied to be the 100th member of the United Nations, but the request was vetoed in the Security Council by the Soviet Union, on grounds that Mongolia had been denied admission.
# 2021 in Mauritania

The following lists events in the year 2021 in Mauritania.

## Incumbents

* President: Mohamed Ould Ghazouani
* Prime Minister: Mohamed Ould Bilal

## Events

* January 19 – U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement deports between four and six asylum seekers to Mauritania on the last day of President Donald Trump′s administration.

## Scheduled events

* May 14 – Eid Al Fitr holiday, Muslim ″Breaking of the Fast″.
* November 28 – Independence Day, from France in 1960.

## Culture

* April 1 – The Mauritanian, a movie based on Guantanamo Diary by Mohamedou Ould Salahi, who was held and tortured in Guantanamo Bay detention camp, is scheduled for release. The film received two nominations at the 78th Golden Globe Awards.
# 2022 in Mauritania

Events in the year 2022 in Mauritania.

## Incumbents

* President: Mohamed Ould Ghazouani
* Prime Minister: Mohamed Ould Bilal
# 1836 in Mexico

Events in the year 1836 in Mexico.

## Incumbents

* Miguel Barragán – President of Mexico until resignation due to illness February 27
* José Justo Corro – President of Mexico starting on March 2

### Governors

* Aguascalientes: Pedro García Rojas
* Chiapas: Mariano Montes de Oca/Clemente Aceituno
* Chihuahua:
* Coahuila: José Rafael Eça y Múzquiz
* Durango:
* Guanajuato:
* Guerrero:
* Jalisco: José Antonio Romero/Antonio Escobedo
* State of Mexico:
* Michoacán:
* Nuevo León: Juan Nepomuceno de la Garza y Evía/Joaquín García
* Oaxaca:
* Puebla:
* Querétaro: José Rafael Canalizo
* San Luis Potosí:
* Sinaloa:
* Sonora:
* Tabasco:
* Tamaulipas: José Antonio Fernández Izaguirre/José Guadalupe de Samano
* Veracruz:
* Yucatán:
* Zacatecas:

## Events

* February 23 – Battle of the Alamo: The siege of the Alamo begins in San Antonio, Texas.
* March 2 – At the Convention of 1836, the Republic of Texas declares independence from Mexico.
* March 6 – The Battle of the Alamo ends; 189 Texans are slaughtered by about 1,600 Mexicans.
* March 27 – Texas Revolution: Goliad massacre – Antonio López de Santa Anna orders the Mexican army to kill about 400 Texans at Goliad, Texas
* April 21 – Texas Revolution: Battle of San Jacinto – Republic of Texas forces under Sam Houston defeat troops under Mexican General Antonio López de Santa Anna. (Santa Anna and hundreds of his troops are taken prisoner along the San Jacinto River the next day.)
* April 22 – Texas Revolution: A day after the Battle of San Jacinto, forces under Texas General Sam Houston capture Mexican General Antonio López de Santa Anna.

## Notable births

* May 16 – Juan de la Luz Enríquez, Governor of Veracruz (died 1892)
* June 9 – Manuel de Aspiroz, statesman, Senator, and diplomat was born in Puebla, Puebla (died 1905)

## Notable deaths

* March 1 – Miguel Barragán, President of Mexico (born 1789)
# 1857 in Mexico

Events in the year 1857 in Mexico

## Incumbents
### President and Cabinet

* President: Ignacio Comonfort
* Interior Secretary (SEGOB): José María Lafragua/Ignacio de la Llave/Jesús Terán Peredo/ José María Cortés y Esparza

### Governors

* Aguascalientes: Jesús Santiago Vidaurri Peredo
* Chiapas: Ángel Albino Corzo
* Chihuahua:
* Coahuila: Santiago Vidaurri
* Colima: Manuel Álvarez/José Washington/José Silverio Núñez
* Durango:
* Guanajuato:
* Guerrero:
* Jalisco: Anastasio Parrodi/Jesús Leandro Camarena/José Silverio Núñez
* State of Mexico:
* Michoacán:
* Nuevo León: Santiago Vidaurri
* Oaxaca:
* Puebla:
* Querétaro: Silvestre Méndez/Sabino Flores/José María Arteaga/Manuel Montes Navarrete
* San Luis Potosí:
* Sinaloa:
* Sonora:
* Tabasco:
* Tamaulipas: Santiago Vidaurri
* Veracruz: Manuel Gutiérrez Zamora/José de Emparán/Manuel Gutiérrez Zamora
* Yucatán:
* Zacatecas:

## Events

* February 5 – ratification of the Federal Constitution of the United Mexican States of 1857
* March 15 - President Comonfort signs the law adopting the metric system
* April 1–8 – Reform War: Crabb Massacre
# Walther Model 9

The Walther Model 9 was a semi-automatic pistol produced by Carl Walther GmbH and chambered in .25 ACP.

## History

The decision to use a striker vs. that of an internal hammer like on the Walther Model 8 was to reduce overall size of the gun, but sacrificed reliability. If the striker spring is compressed for extended periods of time it can weaken and not have enough force to ignite the primer causing a misfire. This can be avoided by not keeping the pistol cocked when not in use. It has a six-round detachable box magazine. The Model 9 is similar in size and function to the Baby Browning pistol which is only slightly larger. The Browning is also chambered in the .25 ACP cartridge.
During World War II, thousands of the Model 9 pistols were delivered to the Wehrmacht.
# Ahsanullah (educator)

Khan Bahadur Ahsanullah (27 December 1873 – 9 February 1965) was an educator, litterateur, Islamic theologist and social reformer of pre-partition India.
He was instrumental in the formation of the University of Dhaka and is the namesake of Ahsanullah University of Science and Technology.

## Career

Ahsanullah completed his MA in philosophy from Presidency College, Kolkata in 1895, and went on to serve as first Muslim headmaster of Rajshahi Collegiate School. In 1911 he was awarded fellowship in The Royal Society for the Encouragement of Arts, Manufactures and Commerce (RSA) which has worldwide member of 30,000 (as of 2020).
In the same year British Indian Government also awarded him the title "Khan Bahadur". He became the first person amongst the Hindus and Muslims of Undivided Bengal to join the Indian Education Service. He served as a senator of the University of Calcutta, and was especially active in the movement to establish the University of Dhaka.

## Ahsania Mission

Ahsanullah founded "Nalta Central Ahsania Mission (NCAM)" on 15 March 1935 at Nalta Sharif. NCAM is the Central Ahsania Mission in the world. "Divine & Humanitarian Service" is the motto of Dhaka Ahsania Mission.
Then, in 1958, Ahsanullah founded the Dhaka Ahsania Mission (DAM), a non-profitable organization with broad social goals.
DAM founded the Ahsanullah University of Science and Technology (AUST), Khan Bahadur Ahsanullah Teachers Training College (KATTC), Ahsania Mission College (AMC), Ahsanullah Institute of Information & Communication Technology (AIICT), Ahsania Mission Institute of Medical Technology (AMIMT), Ahsania Institute of Technology and Business (AITB), Ahsania e-Solutions (AeS), Ahsania Mission Book Distribution House (AMBDH), Ahsania Mission Cancer & General Hospital (AMCGH), and NCAM also founded Nalta Sharif Ahsania Mission Orphanage (NSAMO) at Dhaka, naming it in honor of their founder.

## Works

Ahsanullah wrote around 100 books on different contents. Some of his notable books are:
* Bangabhasa O Musalman Sahitya (1918)
* Teachers’ Manual (1918)
* Dīniyat (1938)
* Islam O Adarsha Mahapurus (1926)
* Hejaz Bhraman (1929)
* Hazrat Mohammad (Sm) (1931)
* Shiksaksetre Bangiya Musalman (1931)
* History of the Muslim World (1931)
* Tariqat Shiksa (1940)
* Amar Jibandhara (1946)
* Sufi (1947)
* Bangla Sahitya(1948)
# West Indies salad

West Indies Salad is a variation of crab meat ceviche that originated in the Mobile, Alabama area. West Indies salad was created by the restaurateur William "Bill" Bayley, Sr., the owner of Bayley's Steak House south of Mobile on Dauphin Island Parkway, in 1947. He was inspired while working as a ship steward on a ship docked in the Cayman Islands.
There are variations of the recipe, but the ingredients should always include lump blue crab meat, diced sweet white onions, cider vinegar, salt, pepper, and vegetable oil (traditionally Wesson oil). There are recipes in the cookbook of the Junior League of Mobile (first published in the 1964 version of this cookbook) and the recently in the Times Picayune of New Orleans. The dish is offered in many restaurants in the Mobile Bay area.
# Woodstock Castle (Athy)

Woodstock Castle is a 13th-century stone castle located in Athy, Ireland.

## Location

Woodstock Castle is located in the north of Athy, on the west bank of the River Barrow.

## History

Woodstock Castle was built in the early 13th century by Robert de St Michael, a Norman lord who was granted Rheban Castle and the surrounding area by Richard de Clare (Strongbow). It is sited near the "ford of Ae" (Áth Í) which gives Athy its name. Initially the fortifications consisted of earthen banks topped with palisades but these were later replaced by stone walls in the form of a hall-keep, a rectangular structure with a large hall and underground storage. The Crutched Friars established a monastery next to Woodstock Castle in the 13th century. On at least four occasions during that century the village of Athy, including Woodstock Castle and the monasteries, was attacked and badly damaged by the displaced Gaelic Irish.In 1417, John Talbot, 2nd Earl of Shrewsbury built White's Castle to guard the bridge, 620 metres (680 yd) to the SSW and on the opposite site of the river, and the centre of gravity of the town of Athy shifted to the south, leaving Woodstock Castle isolated.
Around 1424, the castle passed from the Barons of Rheban to the Earls of Kildare when Thomas FitzGerald, 7th Earl married Dorothea of the Ó Mórdha.
In the 16th century the castle was altered, with a tower added to the southeast angle and, on the west end, a pair of circular gunports set within rectangular openings. Gunports of this type were invented in England in the 1520s. Also in that century, the walls were raised to add a third storey and several windows with hood mouldings were added. In 1530, Gerald FitzGerald, 9th Earl of Kildare garrisoned and fortified the castle.
Woodstock Castle was an important site during the Irish Confederate Wars (1641–53); originally commanded by Pierce FitzGerald, in 1642 it was taken from the rebels by James Butler, 1st Marquess of Ormond; it was in turn taken by Eoghan Ruadh Ó Néill in 1647, and he massacred the garrison. Murrough O'Brien, 1st Earl of Inchiquin retook Woodstock in 1648.
Local legend claims that a tunnel linked Woodstock Castle with White's Castle.
In 2015, magnetometry and electromagnetic induction surveys were carried out.

## Castle

A tall stone castle of three storeys. It once contained a stone carving of a piper playing the great Irish warpipes; this artwork was later moved to Kilkea Castle.
# Lewis model

Lewis model may refer to:
* William Arthur Lewis's model of economic development i.e. the dual-sector model
* Richard D. Lewis's Lewis Model of Cross-Cultural Communication
* Lewis acids and bases, a model proposed by Gilbert N. Lewis
* John Lewis Partnership, a British public limited company owned by a trust on behalf of its employees
# Bagoan Union

Bagoan Union (Bengali: বাগোয়ান ইউনিয়ন) is a union parishad of Mujibnagar Upazila, in Meherpur District, Khulna Division of Bangladesh. The union has an area of 48.63 square kilometres (18.78 sq mi) and as of 2001 had a population of 29,985. There are 14 villages and 7 mouzas in the union.
# Karl Burkhart

Karl Burkhart (10 May 1908 – 1976) was a Swiss cyclist. He competed in the tandem event at the 1936 Summer Olympics.
# Pochvovedenie

Pochvovedenie (Russian: Почвоведение) is a Russian journal of soil science. The first issue was published in 1899.
The English translation is called Eurasian Soil Science. The journal headquarters is in Moscow.
# Villa El Carmen

Villa El Carmen, also known as Villa Carlos Fonseca is a town and a municipality in the Managua department of Nicaragua. Its sister city is Moscow, Idaho.

## International relations
### Twin towns – Sister cities

Villa el Carmen is twinned with:
* Moscow, Idaho
# Galhyeon-dong, Seoul

Galhyeon-dong (Korean: 갈현동) is a dong (neighborhood) of Eunpyeong District, Seoul, South Korea. It is divided into two sub-districts, Galhyeon 1-dong and Galhyeon 2-dong. The northern boundary is Jingwan-dong, while Bulgwang-dong lies to the east. To the south, it shares borders with Gusan-dong and Daejo-dong, and to the west lies Changneung-dong in Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do. As of May 2017, Galhyeon-dong spans an area of 1.93km2 and has a registered resident population of 56,047, with 25,550 residing in Galhyeon 1-dong and 30,497 in Galhyeon 2-dong.

## Etymology

The name "Galhyeon" originates from the Chinese character "葛峴", which translates to "Kudzu Pass" or "Galgogae" in Korean. This name was given to the area due to the plentiful presence of arrowroot roots. The Dongguk Yeoji Bigo, a historical record, also refers to this region as "Galgogae".
# OpenBMC

The OpenBMC project is a Linux Foundation collaborative open-source project that produces an open source implementation of the baseboard management controllers (BMC) firmware stack. OpenBMC is a Linux distribution for BMCs meant to work across heterogeneous systems that include enterprise, high-performance computing (HPC), telecommunications, and cloud-scale data centers.

## History

In 2014, four Facebook programmers at a Facebook hackathon event created a prototype open-source BMC firmware stack named OpenBMC. In 2015, IBM collaborated with Rackspace on an open-source BMC firmware stack also named OpenBMC. These projects were similar in name and concept only. In March 2018, OpenBMC became a Linux Foundation project and converged on the IBM stack. Founding organizations of the OpenBMC project are Microsoft, Intel, IBM, Google, and Facebook. A technical steering committee was formed to guide the project with representation from the five founding companies. Brad Bishop from IBM was elected chair of the technical steering committee. In April 2019, Arm Holdings joined as the 6th member of the OpenBMC technical steering committee.

## Features

OpenBMC uses the Yocto Project as the underlying building and distribution generation framework. The firmware itself is based on U-Boot. OpenBMC uses D-Bus as an inter-process communication (IPC). OpenBMC includes a web application for interacting with the firmware stack. OpenBMC added Redfish support for hardware management.

## Systems
### Google/Rackspace partnership

    Barreleye G2 / Zaius—two-socket server platform using POWER9 processors.

### IBM

    Power Systems AC922 also "Witherspoon" or "Newell"—two-socket, 2U Accelerated Computing (AC) node using POWER9 processors with up to 6 Nvidia Volta GPUs. AC922 was used in the U.S. Department of Energy's Sierra and Summit supercomputers.
    Power System's S1024, L1024, S1022, L1022, S1022, S1014, and E1050 – 1–4 socket Power10 systems

### Raptor Computing Systems / Raptor Engineering

    Talos II—two-socket workstation and development platform; available as 4U server, tower, or EATX mainboard.
    Talos II Lite – single-socket version of the Talos II mainboard, made using the same PCB.
    Blackbird – single-socket microATX platform using SMT4 Sforza POWER9 processors, 4–8 cores, 2 RAM slots (supporting up to 256 GiB total)
# Ģīga

The ģīga or divstīdzis is a two-stringed bowed zither found in Latvia.
The instrument is descended from the psalmodicon (Latvian: vienstīdzis or manihorka), a bowed monochord developed in Sweden in 1829 for liturgical singing. From there it filtered down to the Latvian peasantry who sometimes added a second string for harmony.