OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Meera Rana

Meera Rana, also Mira Rana (Nepali: मीरा राणा; born 24 September 1951) is a Nepali singer who has sung over 1,600 songs in her 55-year musical career. She is considered a part of "Nepal's first wave of recording stars", recording folk, classical and even pop songs, during the first wave of country's modernisation after the fall of the Rana regime. She has collaborated with artists like Narayan Gopal, Gopal Yonjan, Kumar Basnet, Udit Narayan Jha and Ram Thapa. She was one of the 365 singers who contributed to the song Melancholy, which holds the Guinness world record for "Most Vocal Solos (365) in a Song Recording". She has also joined Nepali politics.

## Early life

Meera was born to Nirmala and her husband Shambhu Prasad Mishra, a tabala player, in Kathmandu on 24 September 1951. She studied music academically.

## Career

She was Chief Music Manager at Radio Nepal for over 35 years. She recorded more than 1,700 songs in a musical career spanning almost six decades. In 2009, she joined national politics as a member of Rastriya Prajatantra Party Nepal. In 2013, she contested for parliament from Kathmandu-3 constituency. In recognition of her contribution to Nepali music, she was awarded the Narayan Gopal memorial prize in 2016, shared with Gyanu Rana.
# Psednocnemis

Psednocnemis is a genus of Southeast Asian tarantulas that was first described by R. C. West, S. C. Nunn & Henry Roughton Hogg in 2012.

## Species

As of May 2020 it contains five species, found in Indonesia and Malaysia:
* Psednocnemis brachyramosa (West & Nunn, 2010) – Malaysia
* Psednocnemis davidgohi West, Nunn & Hogg, 2012 (type) – Malaysia
* Psednocnemis gnathospina (West & Nunn, 2010) – Malaysia
* Psednocnemis imbellis (Simon, 1891) – Borneo
* Psednocnemis jeremyhuffi (West & Nunn, 2010) – Malaysia
# Charles Stewart (Wainwright MLA)

Charles Stewart (March 26, 1917 – October 3, 1991) was a Canadian politician who served as a member of the Legislative Assembly of Alberta from 1975 to 1982, sitting with the governing Progressive Conservative caucus.

## Political career

Stewart ran for a seat to the Alberta Legislature in the 1975 Alberta general election. He won the electoral district of Wainwright defeating two other candidates by a comfortable majority to pick up the seat for the governing Progressive Conservative party.
He ran for a second term in office in the 1979 Alberta general election. Despite the opposition making gains Stewart slightly improved on his total popular vote. This resulted in him keeping seat by a comfortable majority. He retired from provincial politics at dissolution of the assembly in 1982.
# Suna no Utsuwa (TV series)

Vessel of Sand (砂の器, Suna no Utsuwa) is a 2004 Japanese television drama series. It is based on a Japanese novel Suna no Utsuwa.

## Cast

* Masahiro Nakai as Eiryo Waga/Hideo Motoura
* Ken Watanabe as Shuichiro Imanishi (named Eitaro Imanishi in the original book)
* Yasuko Matsuyuki as Asami Naruse (Rieko Naruse)
* Masaru Nagai as Masaya Yoshimura (Hiroshi Yoshimura)
* Shinji Takeda as Keisuke Sekigawa (Shigeo Sekigawa)
* Kotomi Kyono as Ayaka Tadokoro (Sachiko Tadokoro)
* Yoshinori Okada as Makoto Miyata (Kunio Miyata)
* Hitomi Satō as Reiko Ogihara (Emiko Miura)
* Yoko Moriguchi as Junko Imanishi
* Hidekazu Akai as Kenichi Miki
* Masachika Ichimura as Yuzuru Aso (gender flipped from Akiko Sugiura)
* Isao Natsuyagi as Shigeyoshi Tadokoro
* Yoshio Harada as Chiyokichi Motoura

## Awards

7th Nikkan Sports Drama Grand Prix
* Won: Best Drama
* Won: Best Actor - Masahiro Nakai
# Headset

Headset may refer to:
* Headset (audio), audio headphone(s), particularly with an attached microphone
* Head Set (band), an American alternative rock band
* Headset (bicycle part), a bicycle part that connects the fork to the frame
* Head-mounted display, a video display mounted on a head strap or helmet
* Headset, an electronica / hip-hop group of Dntel
* VR headset, a set that all-in-one includes the audio headphones, the microphone and a virtual-reality device
# Erna Walter

Erna Walter (11 August 1893 in Bonn – 2 January 1992) was a German botanist, ecologist, botanical collector and bryologist.

## Life and work

The daughter of botanist Heinrich Schenck, Erna studied botany, physics and chemistry in Darmstadt and Heidelberg. She received her doctorate in 1918 under the direction of botanist Georg Albrecht Klebs at the University of Heidelberg. Her dissertation was titled: Bacteriocine von Clostridium perfringens.
Walter then worked as a scientific assistant at the Botanical Institute of the University of Heidelberg with Ludwig Jost and as an intern at the Biological Reich Institute in Berlin-Dahlem. She was also an assistant at the Klein Wanzleben sugar factory and at the Oppenheim am Rhein wine school.
In 1924, Walter married geobotanist Heinrich Walter. With him, she undertook numerous research trips to different vegetation zones, during which she concerned herself in particular to lichens and mosses. The couple endeavored to "personally investigate each floral kingdom and climatic zone in the world to obtain comparative material on a global scale." She played an important role in her husband's research and he credited her for that in print.
In addition to her husband, Walter's co-collectors included Kamil Karamanoglu (1920-1976), Charles Killian (1887-1957) and R.P. Maire (fl. 1921). She is credited with 584 specimens collected from at least 16 countries.
Walter's plant finds are kept in the Munich Herbarium and include, among others, mosses and lichens from Argentina, Australia, Chile, Germany, Finland, France, Greece, Italy, Yugoslavia, Canada, Namibia, New Zealand, Norway, Austria, Spain, South Africa, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey, from the British Isles and Venezuela.

## Selected publications

Erna contributed to many of her husband's publications and he mentions her sizeable contributions in some of them, although she was not named a co-author in others.
* Walter, E. (1918). Bacteriocine von Clostridium perfringens
* Walter, H., & Walter, E. (1929). Ökologische Untersuchungen des osmotischen Wertes bei Pflanzen aus der Umgebung des Balatons (Plattensees) in Ungarn während der Dürrezeit 1928. Zeitschrift fur wissenschaftliche Biologie. Abteilung E: Planta, 571–624.
* Walter, H., & Walter, E. (1953). Das Gesetz der relativen Standortskonstanz: Das Wesen der Pflanzengesellschaften. Ber. Dtsch. bot. Ges, 66, 228–236.
# Tom Misson

Thomas William Misson (11 May 1930 – 31 July 2017) was a British racewalker. He competed in the men's 50 kilometres walk at the 1960 Summer Olympics.
# Etemad (disambiguation)

Etemad or Etemaad (Persian: اعتماد, lit. 'Trust'; correct transcription: e'temād, because in the main pronunciation the word has a glottal stop) is a newspaper in Iran.
Etemad, Etemaad, or E'temad may also refer to:

## People

* Mirza Aqa Khan Nuri (1807–1865), Iranian politician known as Etemad al-Dawla
* Akbar Etemad (born 1930), Iranian scientist and the first head of the Atomic Energy Organization of Iran
* Yasmine Etemad Amini (born 1968), lawyer and wife of Reza Pahlavi

## Places

* Etemad, Iran, an alternate name of the village Qarah Saqqal-e Olya

## Publications

* Indian Etemaad, also known as Etemaad Daily, a newspaper in India
# Othello Castle

Othello Castle (Greek: Πύργος του Oθέλλου, Turkish: Othello Kalesi), also known as Othello's Tower, is a castle in Famagusta, Northern Cyprus. It was built by the Lusignans in the 14th century, and was later modified by the Venetians. The modern name of the castle comes from a stage note in Shakespeare's play Othello.

## History

Othello Castle was built in the 14th century by the Lusignans (who ruled the Kingdom of Cyprus) to protect the port against possible enemy attacks. It was also used as the main entrance to Famagusta. It used to be called "impenetrable fortress" due to it being nearly impossible to attack because of very deep ditches surrounding it.
After Cyprus was sold to the Republic of Venice, the castle's square towers were replaced with circular ones to suit more modern artillery. After these modifications, a relief of the Lion of St Mark was engraved above the castle's main entrance. The name of Captain Nicolo Foscari, who directed the alterations to the castle, and the date 1492 are inscribed near the relief. Apparently Leonardo da Vinci advised the refurbishment in 1481. The castle gets its name from Shakespeare's famous play Othello, which is set in a harbour town in Cyprus.
In 1900, the castle's ditch was drained of water to reduce the risk of malaria.
The castle began to be restored in 2014, and it reopened to the public on 3 July 2015.

## Layout

The castle contains four circular towers. It contains a refectory and a dormitory, which were constructed during the Lusignan period. The castle's yard contains cannonballs left behind by the Spaniards and Ottomans, relics of its turbulent history.

## External References

Othello's Tower 3D
# Stilt tower

The stilt tower (Danish: styltetårn) is a special type of Medieval church tower, concentrated in Djursland peninsula and neighbouring regions of Danish Jutland.
In this type, only the upper storey with the bells has four walls. The lower parts of such a tower are formed by one or three high arches. With one arch, the lower part of the tower, which is connected to the western gable of the nave, is only open to the west. With three arches, the lower part is a high open hall.
Very few stilt towers were built after the Gothic age, if 20th century constructions with a box for the bells on high pillars are kept out of regard. Very few stilt towers were built in the Middle Ages in distant regions, where the term is unknown.
* Similar construction in Ovezande, Zuid-Beveland, Zeeland, Netherlands
* Stilt tower with three arches of Voer Kirke, Northern Djursland, Denmark
* Stilt tower with one open arch of Torrild Kirke, Odder, Denmark
# Central Bank of Seychelles

The Central Bank of Seychelles (French: Banque centrale des Seychelles, Seychellois Creole: Labank santral Sesel), is the central bank of Seychelles. It was officially established on 1 January 1983, with the dissolution of its precursor, the Seychelles Monetary Authority.

## Location

The offices of the bank are housed in the Central Bank Building on Independence Avenue in Victoria, the capital city of Seychelles. The three-storey building is fully air-conditioned and has 3,500 square metres (38,000 sq ft) of office and storage space.

## History

In 1974, the Currency Commission of the Seychelles was formed. In 1978, the Seychelles Monetary Authority was established, which in 1983 was transformed into the Central Bank of Seychelles (CBS). Up until 1982, the accounts of the Government of Seychelles were managed by Barclays Bank International. On 29 December 1982 that responsibility was transferred to CBS by passing the "Central Bank of Seychelles Act 1982". An amended "Central Bank of Seychelles Act 2004" provided for the autonomy of the bank within the Seychellois government structure.

## Governance

The affairs of the bank are supervised by an eight-person board of directors, chaired by the bank governor. As of April 2020, the following eight individuals comprised the board.
* Caroline Abel: Governor and Chairperson
* Christopher Edmond: First Deputy Governor
* Jenifer Sullivan: Second Deputy Governor
* Errol Dias: Director
* Bertrand Rassool: Director
* William Otiende Ogara: Director
* Frank Ally: Attorney General, Director
* Sherley Marie: Director.

## Governors

The table below illustrates the names of the various Governors of the Central Bank of Seychelles, from its inception, on 1 January 1983.
Governors of the Central Bank of Seychelles Since Inception :
| Rank | Governor | From | Until |
| 1 | Guy Morel | January 1983 | September 1991 |
| 2 | Aboo Aumeeruddy | September 1991 | April 1995 |
| 3 | Norman Weber | May 1995 | April 2001 |
| 4 | Francis Chang-Leng | May 2001 | October 2008 |
| 5 | Pierre Frank Laporte | November 2008 | March 2012 |
| 6 | Caroline Abel | March 2012 | present |
# Adsbøl Church

Adsbøl church (Danish: Adsbøl Kirke) is a 13th-century building in Adsbøl, Denmark.

## Gallery

* The memorial stone for the parish's fallen in World War I
# Penelope Dimmock

Penelope Dimmock (born 28 December 1954) is a British athlete. She competed in the women's high jump at the 1972 Summer Olympics.
# Skibby Chronicle

The Skibby Chronicle (Danish: Skibbykrøniken, Latin: Chronicon Skibyense) is a Danish chronicle written in Latin and dating from the 1530s. It is preserved in a manuscript now held at the Arnamagnæan Institute. The manuscript was found during 1650, walled in behind the altar of Skibby Church (Skibby Kirke). It was printed in Latin 1773 and translated into Danish in 1890–1891.

## History

It was found in Skibby Church (Skibby Kirke) in North Zealand, Denmark. It is anonymous but according to many historians, the author was the outstanding humanist Poul Helgesen (Latin: Paulus Helie). Formally the work covers the period 1047–1534, but the main part covers events during the reigns of King Christian II and King Frederick I.
The work is a sometimes very personal description of Danish history during the last decades of Roman Catholicism, marked by the author's sympathy for and (mainly) antipathy against the political actors. Especially his portrait of Christian II is a very subjective one, affected by his negative attitude to the king's anti-aristocratic policy and his use of violence. Also Frederick I, regarded by Helgesen as a traitor to the Roman Catholic cause, is harshly treated. The description ends abruptly during the Count's Feud (1534–1536), perhaps because of Helgesen's death ca. 1534.
Formally the chronicle is built up very much like the annals, which means that great and small events are often mentioned together – deaths among the local clergy alternating with battles and wars – but it often contains valuable material. For instance, the nobility’s letter of complaint over Christian II is repeated.
In general the chronicle reflects the author’s bitterness, sorrow and frustration because of the course of events. His hot temper often breaks through, invectives and personal injuries reveal a man who was deeply engaged in the struggle. His hatred toward the Protestant agitators is just as outspoken as is his contempt and indignation at the last Roman Catholic bishops and their behaviour. In spite of this subjectivity, the chronicle makes an interesting picture of pre-Reformation Denmark viewed through the eyes of a disillusioned Reform Roman Catholic.
# Euathlus

Euathlus is a genus of South American tarantulas that was first described by Anton Ausserer in 1875. These spiders are medium sized and are usually found in high elevations in the Andes. It is a senior synonym of Paraphysa, and was formerly considered a senior synonym of Brachypelma, but this was later rejected.

## Diagnosis

Males own a palpal bulb with two prolateral keels, with the tip curved retrolaterally. The tibial apophyses has retrolateral spines and a spine on the retrolateral branch which almost reached the apex. And a urticating patch in the center of the opisthosoma, which own mainly type 3 and 4 urticating hairs. Females also can be distinguished by two 4 sided spermathecal receptacles, with sphere like chambers.

## Species

As of July 2022 it contains fourteen species, found in Argentina, Chile and Peru:
* Euathlus affinis (Nicolet, 1849) – Chile
* Euathlus antai Perafán & Pérez-Miles, 2014 – Chile
* Euathlus atacama Perafán & Pérez-Miles, 2014 – Chile
* Euathlus condorito Perafán & Pérez-Miles, 2014 – Chile
* Euathlus diamante Ferretti, 2015 – Argentina
* Euathlus grismadoi Ríos-Tamayo, 2020 – Argentina
* Euathlus manicata (Simon, 1892) – Chile
* Euathlus mauryi Ríos-Tamayo, 2020 – Argentina
* Euathlus pampa Ríos-Tamayo, 2020 – Argentina
* Euathlus parvulus (Pocock, 1903) – Chile
* Euathlus sagei Ferretti, 2015 – Argentina
* Euathlus tenebrarum Ferretti, 2015 – Argentina
* Euathlus truculentus L. Koch, 1875 (type) – Chile, Argentina
* Euathlus vanessae Quispe-Colca & Ferretti, 2021 – Peru

### In synonymy

* E. phryxotrichoides (Strand, 1907) = Euathlus truculentus

### Nomen dubium

* Euathlus roseus (Guérin, 1838) - Chile

### Transferred to other genera

* Euathlus albopilosus (Valerio, 1980) → Tliltocatl albopilosus
* Euathlus angustus (Valerio, 1980) → Sericopelma angustum
* Euathlus chilensis (Molina, 1810) → Phrixotrichus scrofa
* Euathlus emilia (White, 1856) → Brachypelma emilia
* Euathlus fossorius (Valerio, 1980) → Sandinista lanceolatum
* Euathlus mesomelas (O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1892) → Megaphobema mesomelas
* Euathlus pallidus (F. O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1897) → Aphonopelma pallidum
* Euathlus peruvianus (Schmidt, 2007) → Thrixopelma peruvianum
* Euathlus pulcherrimaklaasi (Schmidt, 1991 ) → Cyclosternum pulcherrimaklaasi (Nomen dubium)
* Euathlus sabulosus (F. O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1897) → Tliltocatl sabulosus
* Euathlus scrofa (Molina, 1782) → Phrixotrichus scrofa
* Euathlus smithi (F. O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1897) → Brachypelma smithi
* Euathlus vagans (Ausserer, 1875) → Tliltocatl vagans
* Euathlus vulpinus (Karsch, 1880) → Phrixotrichus vulpinus
* Euathlus vulpinus ater (Donoso, 1957) → Phrixotrichus vulpinus ater (Nomen dubium)
# HMS Avenger (1794)

HMS Avenger was a 16-gun ship-sloop of the British Royal Navy. Previously she was the French privateer Marseillaise and then naval corvette Vengeur, which the British Army captured during the battle for Martinique in 1794. The Admiralty sold her in 1802.

## French career

Prior to her service in the French Navy, Vengeur was a French privateer called Marseillaise and may even have been a British armed merchantman Avenger, before that. Marseillaise (the -ois termination gave way to -ais at this period), was a 300-ton, 16-gun privateer corvette from Martinique, commissioned in 1793.
Lloyd's List reported on 27 August 1793 that the French privateer Marsellois, of 22 guns and 180 men, from Dunkirk, had captured Harpooner and two Dutch vessels from the West Indies, and sent all three into Boston.
At some point she captured Fame, which the Royal Navy promptly recaptured.
The French Navy acquired Marseillaise in January 1794 in the Antilles. She was stationed at Martinique when on 5 February, a fleet under the command of Admiral Sir John Jervis landed troops under the command of General Charles Grey. On the 17 February the British troops captured Venguer at St Pierre.

## British career

Vengeur was commissioned as a British warship in Martinique and was initially placed under the command of Lieutenant James Milne. On 17 March, boats from Avenger took part in a cutting out expedition in Fort Royal Bay, which captured the French frigate Bienvenue. When Milne was killed in action, command of Avenger passed to Lieutenant Henry William Bayntun.
Avenger and her crew took part in the capture of Gaudeloupe in April 1794. Bayntun remained in command of Avenger until 4 May 1794 when he was promoted to Post Captain and appointed to Bienvenue, the frigate he had captured the previous month. Edward Griffith became the captain of Avenger and on 22 September he arrived with her at Portsmouth. In 1795 she was under the command of Charles Ogle. She was registered as HMS Avenger in June 1798 but was not fitted out for sea again.
In 1797 Avenger was among the vessels that qualified for prize money for stores and the like captured at Martinique, St Lucia, and Guadeloupe between March and April 1794. There was a second, much larger disbursement in 1800. A third disbursement, smaller than the first, took place in 1806.

## Fate

The Admiralty sold Avenger on 9 September 1802.

## Citations

* 1 2 3 4 5 Winfield (2008), p. 265.
* ↑ Demerliac (2004), p. 303, n°2834.
* ↑ Lloyd's List №5237.
* ↑ Winfield & Roberts (2015), p. 175.
* ↑ "No. 13643". The London Gazette. 22 April 1794. p. 359.
* 1 2 Heathcote (2005), p. 1.
* ↑ "No. 13691". The London Gazette. 5 August 1794. p. 804.
* ↑ "No. 14043". The London Gazette. 5 September 1797. p. 862.
* ↑ "No. 15245". The London Gazette. 5 April 1800. p. 339.
* ↑ "No. 15976". The London Gazette. 18 November 1806. p. 1511.
# Eimai

Eimai (Greek: Είμαι; English: I Am) is the name of a Greek album by singer Anna Vissi released in Greece and Cyprus in 1990 by CBS Greece.

## Background

The coda of the song "Perimeno Tilefonima Sou" is a tribute to the musical The Phantom of the Opera by Andrew Lloyd Webber. The album's proposed title was Ipervoles (Exaggerations), but finally the title of the first track was opted for instead.
The music video for the album's first single, "Fos", shot in late 1990 in the area of Lavrio, is noted as being one of the first ever large-scale music video production in Greece. Vissi is portrayed as Esmeralda from Victor Hugo's classic novel The Hunchback of Notre-Dame, published in 1831. Quasimodo's part was portrayed by the video's director Nikos Soulis.
The music video for the second single, "Ena Sou Leo", was initially based on Greek Hollywood actress Melina Merkouri's famous scene from the film Stella, where, following the movie's plot, Vissi is finally killed by her boyfriend. After production was over, Vissi and Nikos Karvelas decided that it was scandalously raw for the Greek market, so they re-filmed it with Vissi singing in the rain. Korais Square in Panepistimiou Street, Athens was chosen as the filming location. Despite being a simple video, it was widely acclaimed by fans.
Both videos were selected for digital release on 2001's The Video Collection.
The album itself was commercially and critically acclaimed, with sales reaching Gold status, selling approximately 50,000 copies and becoming one of the most commercial Greek albums of 1991.
In 1997, it was re-released for the Greek market as a part of the OK! Budget Price series Sony Music Greece launched at the time.
In 2019, the album was selected for inclusion in the Panik Gold box set The Legendary Recordings 1982-2019. The release came after Panik's acquisition rights of Vissi's back catalogue from her previous record company Sony Music Greece. This box set was printed on a limited edition of 500 copies containing CD releases of all of her albums from 1982 to 2019 plus unreleased material.

## Track listing

All music and lyrics by Nikos Karvelas.
* "Ime" (I am)
* "Adika" (Unjustly)
* "Fos" (Light)
* "Perimeno Tilefonima Sou" (I'm waiting for your call)
* "Ipopsies" (Suspicions)
* "Ena Sou Leo" (I tell you one thing)
* "I Zoi Sinehizete" (Life goes on)
* "Ipervoles" (Exaggerations)
* "Ksehnas" (You forget)
* "Mono Ena Thavma" (Only a miracle)

## Singles

* "Fos"
* "Ena Sou Leo"
* "Ime"
* "Adika"
* "Ipervoles"

## Credits and personnel

Credits adapted from the album's liner notes.
# Darb-e Shesh Ab

Darb-e Shesh Ab (Persian: درب شش اب, also Romanized as Darb-e Shesh Āb; also known as Darv-e Shesh Āb) is a village in Kushk Rural District, Abezhdan District, Andika County, Khuzestan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 34, in 7 families.
# Ordowt-e Kal

Ordowt-e Kal (Persian: اردوت كل) is a village in Susan-e Gharbi Rural District, Susan District, Izeh County, Khuzestan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 53, in 10 families.
# Anobit

Anobit Technologies, Ltd. (Hebrew: אנוביט) was an Israeli fabless designer of flash memory controllers. They were acquired by Apple in 2012 as they were the maker of a flash-memory drive component for the iPhone.

## Background

The firm was founded in 2006 by Prof. Ehud Weinstein, Ariel Maislos, and Dr. Ofir Shalvi. It holds 65 patents (24 granted and 41 pending), including Memory Signal Processing technology. It was headquartered in Herzliya, with an American office in Marlborough, Massachusetts. Investors in the company included Boston-based Battery Ventures (Scott Tobin).

## Acquisition

Anobit was acquired on January 6, 2012 by Apple Inc. for a reported $390 million.
# Afentis Christos

Afentis Christos (Greek: Αφέντης Χριστός, "Lord Christ") is a small islet off the northern coast of the Greek island of Crete named after the small chapel built there. The islet and chapel is only a short distance away from the beach at Malia and a short distance from the islet of Agia Varvara. Afentis Christos is administered from Malia in Heraklion regional unit.