OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# HMS Chatham (1788)

HMS Chatham was a Royal Navy survey brig, built in 1788, that accompanied HMS Discovery on George Vancouver's exploration of the West Coast of North America in his 1791–1795 expedition.

## Purchase

Chatham was built by King, at Dover, as a merchant brig, and launched in early 1788. She was purchased for navy service as a tender on 12 February 1788.

## The Vancouver Expedition

The first significant voyage by Chatham was Vancouver's five-year mission to the South Seas and Pacific Northwest coast of America. Her commander was Lieutenant William Robert Broughton, with 2nd Lieutenant James Hanson.
In November 1791, while exploring the South Pacific, Broughton's crew were the first Europeans to sight the Chatham Islands, which they named after the John Pitt, Earl of Chatham, the First Lord of the Admiralty. Among the other achievements of Chatham's crew was the exploration of the Columbia River as far as the Columbia River Gorge, reaching present-day eastern Multnomah County east of Portland and north west of Mount Hood. A plaque erected by the State of Oregon along Interstate 84 commemorates the spot where Broughton landed in 1792.
In 1792, while near Fife Sound in Queen Charlotte Strait, the ship ran aground on rocks within a day, and about 2 miles (3.2 km) away, from where Discovery had done the same.
In November 1792 Chatham's commander was sent back to England with dispatches; Peter Puget was her commander through her return to England on 17 October 1794.
Chatham was at Plymouth on 20 January 1795 and so shared in the proceeds of the detention of the Dutch naval vessels, East Indiamen, and other merchant vessels that were in port on the outbreak of war between Britain and the Netherlands.
Chatham had suffered severe wear on her long voyage, and was repaired at Deptford in 1797.

## Fate

Chatham continued in Royal Navy service until 1830, when she was sold in Jamaica.

### The lost anchor

In 2008, a scuba fisherman found a 900-pound (410 kg) anchor off Whidbey Island in Washington that he and others believe was lost from HMS Chatham on 9 June 1792. Northwest historian Richard Blumenthal stated that, "They indeed found an anchor that fits the description of the anchor lost at that time". In June 2014, the anchor was raised to be assessed to see if it is actually the sole remaining relic of Capt. George Vancouver's famed 1792 voyage into Puget Sound. After conservation and testing at Texas A&M's Center for Maritime Archaeology and Conservation, the weight of the anchor was put at 2,425 pounds (1,100 kg)—about 1,000 pounds (450 kg) heavier than anchors used in those years. An anchor weighing that much would have been used in the 1820s, not in 1792.

## Plans

* Plan of the upper and lower decks with platforms, for the Chatham
* Plan showing the body plan, sheer lines, and longitudinal half-breadth, for the Chatham
# Emeis

Emeis (Greek: Εμείς; English: We) is a Greek album by singers Anna Vissi and Nikos Karvelas. It was released in Greece and Cyprus in 1992 by Sony Music Greece and was certified gold. It features Vissi's song Den Thelo Na Xereis.

## Background and release

Music and lyrics are by Nikos Karvelas. It included two duets with Anna Vissi, Emeis ("We") and Fteo ("It's my fault"), break-up themed songs reflecting aspects of their marriage, as the couple were filing for divorce at the time. The vocals on the A side of the record (tracks 2, 3, 4, 5 on CD) were performed by Anna Vissi, whereas on the B side (CD tracks 6, 7, 9, 10) by Karvelas himself, who also played instruments and produced all tracks.
The album's biggest hit, though, Den Thelo Na Xereis ("I don't want you to know"), an operatic power-ballad featuring Anna Vissi on the lead vocals, was met with acclaim, becoming one of the singer's signature songs and one of the most popular Greek songs of the 1990s.
Emeis, Fteo, Mouri, Den Thelo Na Xereis, Nai, Aksize and Mesa Sou were officially released on promotional clips at the time, airing in local TV stations. Off the seven, Emeis and Den Thelo Na Xereis were selected for digital release on Vissi's 2001 The Video Collection
In 2019, the album was selected for inclusion in the Panik Gold box set The Legendary Recordings 1982-2019. The release came after Panik's acquisition rights of Vissi's back catalogue from her previous record company Sony Music Greece. This box set was printed on a limited edition of 500 copies containing CD releases of all of her albums from 1982 to 2019 plus unreleased material.

## Track listing

* "Emeis" ("We") (Anna Vissi and Nikos Karavelas Duet)
* "Den Thelo Na Xereis" ("I don't want you to know") (Anna Vissi)
* "Nai" ("Yes") (Anna Vissi)
* "Tha Ekana Otidipote" ("I would do anything") (Anna Vissi)
* "Ellada" ("Greece") (Anna Vissi)
* "Mesa Sou" ("Inside you") (Nikos Karvelas)
* "Mouri" ("Face") (Nikos Karvelas)
* "Fteo" ("It's my fault") (Anna Vissi and Nikos Karavelas Duet)
* "Aksize" ("Worth it") (Nikos Karvelas)
* "Girna Moro Mou" ("Come back my baby") (Nikos Karvelas)

## Singles

* "Emeis"
* "Den Thelo Na Xeris"
* "Mouri"
* "Fteo"
* "Aksize"
* "Nai"

## Credits and personnel

Credits adapted from the album's liner notes.
# Sar Tappeh-ye Zanganeh

Sar Tappeh-ye Zanganeh (Persian: سرتپه زنگنه; also known as Sar Tappeh) is a village in Sar Firuzabad Rural District, Firuzabad District, Kermanshah County, Kermanshah Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 116, in 22 families.
# Koprivnik, Litija

Koprivnik (Slovene pronunciation:, German: Kopriunik) is a former settlement in the Municipality of Litija in central Slovenia. It is now part of the village of Polšnik. The area is part of the traditional region of Lower Carniola and is now included with the rest of the municipality in the Central Sava Statistical Region.

## Geography

Koprivnik stands in the eastern part of Polšnik, on a side road off of the main road to neighboring Stranski Vrh.

## History

Koprivnik had a population of 27 living in five houses in 1880, and 35 living in five houses in 1900. Koprivnik was annexed by Stranski Vrh in 1953, ending its existence as a separate settlement. It was later reassigned to Polšnik.
# Zygaena truchmena

Zygaena truchmena is a species of moth in the Zygaenidae family. It is found in Central Asia.
According to Seitz - the prettiest and most variegated form, in short one of the finest Burnets, is truchmena Evrsm. (7g). It has a broad rosy- red collar, and the abdomen is bright red, except the apex : the median pair of spots of forewing, however, is white and the basal half of the hindwing transparent: Turkestan.
# Mesogeia

The Mesogeia or Mesogaia (Greek: τα Μεσόγεια, η Μεσόγαια/Μεσογαία, "Midlands") is a geographical region of Attica in Greece.

## History

The term designates since antiquity the inland portion of the Attic peninsula. The term acquired a technical meaning with the reforms of Cleisthenes in c. 508 BC, when each of the ten Attic tribes was in territory composed of three zones (trittyes), urban (asty, the main city of Athens), interior (mesogeia) and coastal (paralia). In the Classical period, the mesogeia comprised about 47 settlements (demoi).
In modern usage, the term refers to the central portion of East Attica, separated from the Athens basin by Mount Hymettus, and delineated to the north by Mount Penteli and to the south by the mountains of south Attica (Merenta, Panio [el], Laureotic Olympus). To the east the Mesogeia reaches the Aegean Sea at the Petalioi Gulf, but is separated from the actual coastline by a line of low hills. In the late Middle Ages, the area was the site of Albanian (Arvanite) settlement, as can be seen from toponyms such as Spata or Liopesi.
Before the 2011 Kallikratis reform, the area comprised the municipalities of Gerakas, Glyka Nera, Anthousa, Pallini, Paiania, Pikermi, Spata, Artemida, Rafina, Markopoulo Mesogaias, Keratea, Koropi, Kalyvia Thorikou, Vari, Kouvaras, and Voula. Its main settlement is Spata, and its main harbour is Rafina. The Athens International Airport is also located near Spata.

## Maps

* The division of Attica into urban (pink), inland (green), and coastal (blue) zones by Cleisthenes
* The modern extent of the Mesogeia area
# Apeiranthos

Apeiranthos or Aperathos (Greek: Απείρανθος or Απέραθος; local dialect: Απεράθου, Aperáthou) is a mountainous village on the island of Naxos in Greece. It is located 28 km (17 mi) north-east of the capital of the island, built on the foothill of mountain Fanari, on an altitude between 570 and 640 m. The similarities of the local dialect and traditions to those of mountainous Cretan villages has led some historians to the conclusion that Apeiranthos was built by Cretans during the 10th century. The first historical evidence regarding the existence of the village goes back to 1420, on a reference by the Italian traveler Cristoforo Buondelmonti on his book Liber insularum archipelagi (The Book of the Islands of the Archipelago).
The village has four museums: the Archaeological Museum of Apeiranthos, the Museum of Folk Art, the Geological Museum, and the Museum of Natural History. With a population of 722 (2011 census), the village is the second largest on the island after Filoti.

## Notable people

* Manolis Glezos (1922–2020), politician and writer
* Petros Protopapadakis (1854–1922), Prime Minister of Greece
* Michalis Vardanis (1936–2014), Army officer

## Natural History Museum

* Caretta caretta. Apeiranthos Natural History Museum
* Physeter macrocephalus. Apeiranthos Natural History Museum
* Monachus monachus. Apeiranthos Natural History Museum
* Tursiops truncatus. Apeiranthos Natural History Museum
* ↑ "Αποτελέσματα Απογραφής Πληθυσμού - Κατοικιών 2021, Μόνιμος Πληθυσμός κατά οικισμό" [Results of the 2021 Population - Housing Census, Permanent population by settlement] (in Greek). Hellenic Statistical Authority. 29 March 2024.
# Fifth National Assembly at Nafplion

The Fifth National Assembly (Greek: Εʹ Εθνοσυνέλευση) of the Greeks convened at Argos on 5 December 1831, before relocating to Nafplion in early 1832.
The Assembly, the last of a series of similar conventions of the Greek War of Independence, approved the selection, by the Great Powers, of the Bavarian prince Otto as King of Greece. On 15 March 1832, it adopted a new constitution, titled the "Political Constitution of Greece" (Πολιτικόν Σύνταγμα της Ελλάδος) and often referred to as the "Hegemonic Constitution" (Ηγεμονικόν Σύνταγμα). In the event, the assembly disbanded soon after, due to the intense differences among its members. After Otto's arrival in February 1833, the constitution was ignored by the Regency which exercised government until 1835, and after that by Otto himself, who ruled as an absolute monarch. Independent Greece received its first constitution only after the 3 September 1843 Revolution.
* This article about Greek history is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
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# Caunton

Caunton is a village and civil parish in the Newark and Sherwood district of Nottinghamshire on the A616, six miles (9.7 km) north-west of Newark-on-Trent, in the NG23 postcode. The population of the civil parish at the 2011 census was 483, and this increased to 508 at the 2021 census.

## History

The village is notable for its association with Samuel Hole, who is buried in the churchyard of St. Andrew's Church. He was the village's vicar for a short while before becoming Dean of Rochester and lived in the manor. The manor house now has its own equestrian centre and a mini golf course.
Caunton Mill, also known as Sharp's Mill, was a 43 ft brick tower windmill, with an ogee cap, built before 1825. It was out of use in the 1930s. The mill survives without its cap, machinery and gallery.

### Second World War

As part of the East Midlands Oil Province, oil imports from the Abadan Refinery in Iran were hampered, until Sicily was invaded in July 1943. So the only alternative was oil from England. The Anglo-Iranian Oil Company (BP) drilled at Eakring, and at Caunton. Oil was discovered in March 1943, and produced from May 1943. Another oil field later in 1943 was at Nocton, in North Kesteven. BP required 100,000 tons of crude oil from the Nottinghamshire fields, per year.
In 1950 the Anglo-Iranian Oil Company would set up its Kirklington Hall Research Station, nearby to the west, to investigate geophysical exploration.

### Filming

Caunton was used as a filming location for the majority of the second-series episodes of the popular British comedy drama Auf Wiedersehen, Pet, about a group of seven British migrant construction workers, with Beesthorpe Hall being used as Thornely Manor which was being renovated as part of the storyline.

## Geography

The hamlet of Knapthorpe is to the south of the village and A616 road, and within the parish boundary.
The village pubs are The Plough and the country pub, Caunton Beck, both on Main Street.
HMS Caunton, named after the village, was a Ton-class minesweeper in service from 18 December 1952 to 1970.
# Anil Kumar Jha

Anil Kumar Jha (Nepali: अनिल कुमार झा) is a Nepali politician who served as a member of the House of Representatives, representing the Rautahat-1 constituency from 2017 to 2022.
# Union of Republican Forces

The Union of Republican Forces (French: Union des Forces Républicaines, UFR) is a liberal political party in Guinea.
Founded in 1992, the party has been led since 1999 by the former Prime Minister of Guinea Sidya Touré. The party supported the 2007 general strike.
Touré finished in third place in both the 2010 and 2015 presidential elections, with vote shares of 15.6% and 6.0%, respectively.
# Secrecy of correspondence

The secrecy of correspondence (German: Briefgeheimnis, French: secret de la correspondance) or literally translated as secrecy of letters, is a fundamental legal principle enshrined in the constitutions of several European countries. It guarantees that the content of sealed letters is never revealed, and that letters in transit are not opened by government officials, or any other third party. The right of privacy to one's own letters is the main legal basis for the assumption of privacy of correspondence.
The principle has been naturally extended to other forms of communication, including telephony and electronic communications on the Internet, as the constitutional guarantees are generally thought to also cover these forms of communication. However, national telecommunications privacy laws may allow lawful interception, i.e. wiretapping and monitoring of electronic communications in cases of suspicion of crime. Paper letters have, in most jurisdictions, remained outside the legal scope of law enforcement surveillance, even in cases of "reasonable searches and seizures".
When applied to electronic communication, the principle protects not only the content of the communication, but also the information on when and to whom any messages (if any) have been sent (see Call detail records), and in the case of mobile communication, the location information of the mobile units. As a consequence, in jurisdictions with a safeguard on secrecy of letters, location data collected from mobile phone networks has a higher level of protection than data collected by vehicle telematics or transport tickets.

## United States

In the United States, there is no specific constitutional guarantee on the privacy of correspondence. The secrecy of letters and correspondence is derived through litigation from the Fourth Amendment to the United States Constitution. In an 1877 case, the U.S. Supreme Court stated:
   No law of Congress can place in the hands of officials connected with the Postal Service any authority to invade the secrecy of letters and such sealed packages in the mail; and all regulations adopted as to mail matter of this kind must be in subordination to the great principle embodied in the fourth amendment of the Constitution.
The protection of the Fourth Amendment has been extended beyond the home in other instances. Unlike other jurisdictions it does not protect foreigners abroad. In the Supreme Court case California v. Greenwood, protections similar to those afforded to correspondence have even been argued to extend to the contents of trash cans outside one's house, although it turned out to be unsuccessful. Like all rights derived through litigation, the secrecy of correspondence is subject to interpretation. By Supreme Court precedent, rights derived from the Fourth Amendment are limited by the legal test of a "reasonable expectation of privacy".
# Ted Wright

    This is about the American football player; for others, see Theodore Wright (disambiguation).
Weldon H. "Ted" Wright (November 15, 1913 – December 1, 1983) was an American football player and coach. He played professionally as a halfback and quarterback in the National Football League (NFL) for the Boston Redskins and the Brooklyn Dodgers in 1935. Wrightplayed college football at North Texas State Teachers College.

## Early life

Wright was born in Savoy, Texas and attended Sherman High School in Sherman, Texas.

## College career

Wright attended and played college football at North Texas State Teachers College, now known as the University of North Texas. He became the first player from North Texas to play in the NFL.

## Professional career

Wright was signed by the Boston Redskins, where he played in 1934 and part of 1935. In November, he was purchased by the Brooklyn Dodgers, where he played for the remainder of the season.

## Military service and coaching career

Wright served as an officer in the United States Army Air Forces during World War II, reaching the rank of lieutenant. He was the head coach of the 1945 Minter Field Atomic Bombers football team.

## Head coaching record

| Year | Team | Overall |
| Minter Field Atomic Bombers (Independent) (1945) ||||||
| 1945 | Minter Field | 4–2–1 |
| Minter Field: | Minter Field: | 4–2–1 |
| Total: | Total: | 4–2–1 |
# Colchane

Colchane is a Chilean village and commune in Tamarugal Province, Tarapacá Region.
The commune is located in the Andean altiplano, bordering Bolivia. It also includes the localities of Isluga, Enquelga, Cariquima and Chijo.

## Demographics

According to the 2017 census of the National Statistics Institute, Colchane had 1,728 inhabitants (995 men and 733 women), and it is entirely rural. The total population grew by 4,79% (79 persons) between the 2002 and 2017 censuses. However, broken down by sex, only the male population increased (85 more men), while the female population decreased (6 fewer women). It has the country's highest rate of people living under the poverty line at 34.56% (Encuesta Casen, 2006).

## Administration

As a commune, Colchane is a third-level administrative division of Chile administered by a municipal council, headed by an alcalde who is directly elected every four years.
Within the electoral divisions of Chile, Colchane is represented in the Chamber of Deputies by Marta Isasi (Ind.) and Hugo Gutiérrez (PC) as part of the 2nd electoral district, which includes the entire Tarapacá Region. The commune is represented in the Senate by José Miguel Insulza (PS, 2018–2026) and José Durana (UDI, 2018–2026) as part of the 1st senatorial constituency (Arica and Parinacota Region and Tarapacá Region).
# Meri Disoski

Meri Disoski (born 4 October 1982) is an Austrian politician of The Greens. She has been a member of the National Council since 2019, and has served as deputy group leader of The Greens since 2021.
# Diego Fuentes

Diego Antonio Fuentes Lopez, known as Diego Fuentes, is a Canadian actor of Chilean descent and Toronto socialite.

## MuchMusic

Fuentes was MuchMusic's first ever VJ Search winner in 1995, going on to host the popular Clip Trip show on MuchMusic's sister station, MuchMoreMusic.

## Acting

Most notably, Fuentes portrayed real-life actor Natividad Vacio in the 2007 film Hollywoodland. He played fan-favourite Bruno Dias on Global TV's medical drama, Remedy from 2014 to 2015.
In 2011, he appeared in the Drive One Series commercials of Ford Cars, stating the catchphrase "Who wants to stop for gas? I don't."

## Music

Fuentes was a resident DJ on "Terrible Tuesdays" at the then popular Queenshead Pub in Toronto from 2003 to 2005. He originally performed under his own name, then adopted the moniker "Mexico 2000".

## Curling

Fuentes is a highly skilled curler. In high school, he and his school curling team competed at OFSAA.
On May 12, 2012, Fuentes was lead skip of a local curling team that won the Gabby's 2012 annual Bonspiel held at the High Park Curling Club. The team completed the tournament with 4 wins, 0 losses and 0 ties.
In January 2016, Fuentes stated in an interview that "curling is an incredible sport because drinking is involved".

## Advocacy and public service

Fuentes is a known advocate for customer rights in fast food restaurants and taxi services in the Greater Toronto Area, as well as a staunch supporter of water conservation.
Throughout 2015, he championed a campaign to feed the homeless and clean up Toronto city streets known as "Mexico's Children". In early December, there was an incident outside a Toronto Coffee Time where he was reportedly spit on after offering a woman a bagel with cream cheese. The police were called but no charges or arrests were made.

## Filmography

* Ice (1998
TV) as Zapata
* Held up 1999
* Love Thy Neighbor
* Remedy (TV series) (2014 TV)
* Caught (2018) as Lt. Carillo
# Nina Tomaselli

Nina Tomaselli (born 16 April 1985) is an Austrian politician of The Greens. Since 2019, she has been a member of the National Council. She was a member of the Landtag of Vorarlberg from 2014 to 2019, and a deputy spokesperson of The Greens from 2019 to 2022.
# University of Yaoundé

The University of Yaoundé (French: Université de Yaoundé) was a university in Cameroon, located in Yaoundé, the country's capital.
It was built with the help of France and opened in 1962 as the Federal University of Yaoundé, dropping the "Federal" in 1972 when the country was reorganized.
In 1993 following a university reform the University of Yaounde was split into two (University of Yaoundé I and University of Yaoundé II) following the university branch-model pioneered by the University of Paris.
# TWM

Twm or TWM may refer to:
* TWM, the default window manager for the X Window System
* Tanu Weds Manu, a 2011 Hindi romantic comedy film
* Tawang language (ISO-639: twm), spoken in India
* Teradata Warehouse Miner, data mining software
* Third World Media, an American pornographic film studio
* Tiling window manager, a class of window managers
* Tyne and Wear Metro

## People

* Twm Carnabwth (1806–1876), Welsh rebel
* Twm Morys (born 1961), Welsh poet and musician
* Twm o'r Nant (1739–1810), Welsh-language dramatist and poet
* Twm Siôn Cati, a figure of Welsh folklore
# Subin Tipmanee

Subin Tipmanee(Thai: สุบิน ทิพย์มะณี) is a Thai boccia player who represented Thailand at the 2016 Summer Paralympics. She, along with her 3 teammates, won a gold medal in Boccia in the Mixed Team BC1–2 event.
# Eptakomi

Eptakomi (Greek: Επτακώμη, Turkish: Yedikonuk) is a village in Cyprus, located on the Karpas Peninsula. It is under the de facto control of Northern Cyprus.