OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# UA7 experiment

The Underground Area 7 (UA7) experiment was a high-energy physics experiment at the Proton-Antiproton Collider (SppS), a modification of the Super Proton Synchrotron (SPS), at CERN. The purpose of the experiment was to measure the invariant cross section of photons and neutral pions (π$^0$) emitted close to zero degrees, by using silicon shower detectors. The experiment data taking ran from 1985 to 1986, and the final analysis was completed in 1996.
The silicon shower detector setup for UA7 uses the same system of the UA4 experiment. The UA7 adds three cylindrical compact calorimeters installed on the antiproton outgoing side, a 4" calorimeter at a Roman pot on a section of the SPS beamline, and 4" and 3" diameter calorimeters just outside the beam pipe. The 3" and 4" calorimeters were composed of tungsten plates interspaced by 9 and 16 layers of silicon wafers respectively, with the same diameter. Each silicon plate has an electrode on its front and back surfaces. The direction of the strips on the front and back surface are perpendicular to each other, with the strips on one of the layers oriented at 45° to the others. The coordinates of detected events are determined from signals from electrodes which are sent to an amplifier.
The trigger pulse is created by the scintillators at the Roman pot and fast scintillators at a specific angular range. The condition was created by the UA4 trigger system, is similar to that used by the UA1 and UA5 experiments. The trigger pulse has four categories: single arm trigger, double arm trigger, single arm colariemter trigger, and a double arm calorimeter trigger. These categories identify and select events of interest based on the signals detectors in different parts of the detector.
Results from the UA7 experiment have produced the differential cross section for photons at different centre of mass energies. The data from the experiment rejects the previous claim that Feynman scaling at the fragmentation region (central region) is violated at certain transverse momenta. This would imply that composition of heavy cosmic ray components must be abundant at high energy ranges (10$^{15}$ - 10$^{16}$ eV). However, analysis following the completion of the experiment suggests that there was scale-breaking evidence in the forward region within the data collected.
# Patricia Bottani

Patricia Bottani (born 17 November 1974) is a Swiss equestrian. She competed in two events at the 2000 Summer Olympics.
# Raatti Stadium

Raatti Stadium (Finnish: Raatin stadion) is a multi-purpose stadium in the Koskikeskus neighbourhood of Oulu, Finland. It is the home stadium of AC Oulu, competing in Finnish top-tier Veikkausliiga, and it is currently used mostly for football matches. The stadium holds 4,392 people. It was opened in 1953 and renovated in 2009–2011.
# 57th Cavalry Division (Soviet Union)

The 57th Cavalry Division (Russian: 57-я кавалерийская дивизия) was a cavalry division of the Red Army during World War II.

## History

It was formed between 1 August and October 1941 at Ferghana in the Central Asian Military District, with the 212th, 218th, and 225th Cavalry Regiments. The division was part of the second wave of cavalry division formed during the war. The division spent almost three months in the rear before being deployed to the front. In October, the division moved to the Volga Military District to join the 10th Army.
The division, along with the 41st and 75th Cavalry Divisions, was assigned to Mishulin's Cavalry Group, the mobile group for the 10th Army. The group minus the 41st Cavalry Division was assigned to attack the flank of the German 2nd Panzer Army south of Tula. Before it was fully committed, the group was assigned to the 1st Guards Cavalry Corps.
It was then transferred to the 1st Guards Cavalry Corps of the Western Front – January 1942 to 21 March 1942. Then the division participated in one of the greatest cavalry raids of the war. On the night of 26–27 January 1942, the corps slipped across the lines into the German 4th Army's rear areas and began what would be a six-month operation against the German supply lines.
The division was dissolved on 3 February 1942, and portions were used to replenish the 1st Guards Cavalry Division.

## Composition

* 212th Cavalry Regiment
* 218th Cavalry Regiment
* 225th Cavalry Regiment

## Commanders

The following officer commanded the division during its existence:
* Colonel Ivan Murov (1 August 1941 – 3 February 1942)
# Walter McCreery

Walter Adolph McCreery (13 August 1871 in Zürich – 8 November 1922 in Clermont-Ferrand) was an American Polo player who competed in the 1900 Summer Olympics. He received the silver medal in the Mixed team event.

## Biography

He was privately educated in the United States and then read law at Magdalen College, Cambridge, achieving a second-class degree.
He was the father of General Sir Richard McCreery, a career soldier of the British Army who commanded the British Eighth Army fighting in the Italian campaign from October 1944 until the end of the Second World War.
# Cecilia Bobrovskaya

Cecilia Samoylovna Bobrovskaya (Russian: Цецилия Самойловна Бобровская, née Zelikson [Зеликсон]; 19 September 1873 [O.S. 7 September] – 6 July 1960) was an early Bolshevik activist, revolutionary, and memoirist. She played a notable role in various local organizations of the Bolshevik Party – consequently facing repeated persecution by the authorities of the Russian Empire. Bobrovskaya is best known for her memoirs, Twenty Years in Underground Russia: Memoirs of a Rank-and-File Bolshevik (1934).

## Biography

Bobrovskaya, née Cecilia Samoylovna Zelikson, was born into the family of Samuil Zelikson, an observant Jewish bookkeeper whom she described as preoccupied with his "Talmudic and philosophic researches," and his wife, a significantly younger Jewish woman, in Velizh, a provincial Russian town in the Vitebsk Guberniya (now Smolensk Oblast, Russia).
Bobrovskaya stepped into the Russian socialist current as a student in Warsaw in the 1890s. She entered into the Russian Social Democratic Labour Party (RSDLP) in 1898, and sided with its Bolshevik faction following the intra-party division into the Bolshevik and Menshevik camps in 1903. She met her husband, Vladimir Bobrovsky, during their mutual involvement in political work against the czarist regime.
Bobrovskaya was first arrested in Kharkiv in 1900. After a period in Switzerland in 1902, she returned to Russia, choosing Tver as a center of activity following an arrest in St. Petersburg. She first met with Lenin, then based in the Swiss city of Geneva, in 1902, during her work as an agent of the Iskra, the party newspaper Lenin had founded in 1900, and, together with her husband Vladimir, followed the party's work to the Caucasus. In 1905, she was arrested by the police while on her way to the party's conference in Moscow. Arrested in Moscow again after an illegal party gathering outside the city in June 1908, Bobrovskaya spent two years in exile in Vologda, being spared, according to her later recollection of the episode, from the harsher sentence of four years of internal exile in eastern Siberia on account of her poor state of health.
Bobrovskaya was involved in the Serpukhov and Moscow party committees during 1917, and participated in the 1917 October Revolution. From March 1919 to May 1920, Bobrovskaya led the military affairs council of the Bolshevik Party's Moscow branch.
She worked for the Comintern between 1918 and 1940, and was a member of the Institute of Marxism-Leninism under the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, the party's central theoretical and research institute, in later years. She died in Moscow in 1960.
Bobrovskaya wrote down a number of personal accounts of the revolution and remembrances of such figures as Lenin and Nadezhda Krupskaya, and others. Her best known work, the memoir Twenty Years in Underground Russia: Memoirs of a Rank-and-File Bolshevik, documenting in first person her role in the revolutionary movement from 1894 to 1914, was published in Moscow in 1934 and is cited as a primary source on the pre – World War I period by both Soviet and Western historians.
# Matayah

Matayah (Arabic: مطاية) is a sub-district located in al-Sabrah District, Ibb Governorate, Yemen. Matayah had a population of 6830 according to the 2004 census.
# Johannes Kielstra

Johannes Coenraad Kielstra (13 November 1878 – 1 April 1951) was a Dutch professor and Governor of Suriname from 1933 until 1944. During World War II, he increased his authority and imprisoned political opponents causing the resignation of all elected members of the Estates of Suriname. On 28 December 1943, he was given an honourable discharge by the Dutch government-in-exile. He served as Ambassador of the Netherlands to Mexico from 1944 until 1948.

## Biography

Kielstra was born on 13 November 1878 in Zwartsluis, son of a Mennonite minister. In 1896, he studied law at Leiden University, and received his doctorate in 1901. In 1903, he moved to Indonesia, and worked at the Justice Department in Batavia (present-day Jakarta).
In 1918, Kielstra was appointed professor of colonial political science and economics at Wageningen University, and would remain professor until 1936. From 1922 until 1923, he was rector magnificus (president) of the university. In 1925, he travelled to the Dutch West Indies and visited Suriname which would become the main focus of his writings. In 1925, he was a co-founder of the National Union, a short-lived fascist party.
On 16 August 1933, Kielstra was appointed Governor-General of Suriname. He attempted to create autonomous village communities, and rejected assimilation of the different ethnic groups. In 1937, he proposed separate marriage laws for Hindus and Muslims. The Afro-Surinamese were opposed to the proposal, and it was rejected twice by the Estates of Suriname.
The German invasion of the Netherlands resulted in a declaration of a state of emergency in Suriname. Kielstra used the state of emergency to increase his power and circumvent the Estates.$^{:160}$ The marriage law was put in effect by decree in 1940. It was repealed in 1973.
Back in 1938, Kielstra had involuntarily committed Louis Doedel, a trade unionist, in a psychiatric hospital. He would use his increased authority against political opponents. Eddy Bruma and Otto Huiswoud were arrested and imprisoned without trial.
On 23 July 1943, Wim Bos Verschuur, a member of the Estates, petitioned Queen Wilhelmina to remove Kielstra from office. On 30 July 1943, he was arrested and interned without trial.$^{:162}$ Subsequently, all elected members of the Estates handed in their resignation. On 28 December 1943, he was given an honourable discharge by the Dutch government-in-exile.
In 1944, Kielstra was appointed Ambassador of the Netherlands to Mexico with an accreditation for Guatemala, and served until his retirement in 1948. He moved to Monaco, and died on 1 April 1951 at the age of 72.
# Khiri Rat Nikhom district

Khiri Rat Nikhom (Thai: คีรีรัฐนิคม, pronounced) is a district (amphoe) in western Surat Thani province, southern Thailand.

## Geography

The western part of the district is in the hills of the Phuket mountain range, while to the east the terrain is mostly flat. The main rivers are the Phum Duang and Yan Rivers.
A portion of the Khlong Saeng Wildlife Sanctuary occupies the district.
Neighboring districts are (from north clockwise): Vibhavadi, Phunphin district, Khian Sa, Phanom, and Ban Ta Khun.

## History

The town was first mentioned during the reign of King Mongkut (Rama IV), when it was a minor mueang under Takua Pa and part of the Nakhon Si Thammarat Kingdom. During the thesaphiban administrative reforms in the 1890s it became a district in Chaiya Province, present day Surat Thani.
In 1917 the district was renamed Tha Khanon (ท่าขนอน), as the district office was in that area. On 12 April 1961 the name was changed back to its historical name.

## Transport

Khiri Rat Nikhom is the endpoint of a branch of the southern railway, originally planned to run to Phuket, but construction was halted in 1956.

## Administration

The district is divided into eight sub-districts (tambons), which are further subdivided into 84 villages (mubans). Tha Khanon has sub-district municipality (thesaban tambon) status and covers parts of tambon Tha Khanon. Each of the eight tambons is administered by a tambon administrative organization (TAO).
| No. Name Thai name Villages Pop. 1.Tha Khanonท่าขนอน157,308 2.Ban Yangบ้านยาง113,717 3.Nam Hakน้ำหัก103,930 6.Kapaoกะเปา103,498 7.Tha Kradanท่ากระดาน93,027 8.Yan Yaoย่านยาว104,402 9.Tham Singkhonถ้ำสิงขร104,415 10.Ban Thamniapบ้านทำเนียบ99,660 | Map of subdistricts |
The missing numbers 4 and 5 are tambons which were split off to form Vibhavadi District.
# Luis Mendoza

Luis Mendoza may refer to:
* Luis Mendoza (footballer, born 1945) (1945–2024), Venezuelan footballer
* Luis Alfonso Mendoza (1964–2020), Mexican voice actor, voice director and announcer
* Luis Mendoza (boxer) (born 1965), Colombian boxer
* Luis Carlos Mendoza (born 1970), Venezuelan footballer
* Luis Antonio Mendoza (born 1973), Mexican football manager and player
* Luis Mendoza (baseball) (born 1983), Mexican pitcher
* Luis Mendoza (born 1983), Panamanian footballer
* Luis Ángel Mendoza (born 1990), Mexican footballer
* Luis Ernesto Mendoza Cerrato (?–2011), owner of the Channel 24 broadcast facilities in Danli, Honduras
# Trizalis

Music of Greece :
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Ancient music
Byzantine music
Opera
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Worldwide :
Genres :
Church music (Byzantine)
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Laïko
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Éntekhno
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vte :
Trizalis (Greek: τριζάλης), is a Greek folk dance from Crete, Greece, similar to Pidikhtos and is very widespread in the Greek islands. It is also called "Κουρουθιανός" (Kourouthianos).
# Finster

Finster is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Felix Finster, mathematician
* Howard Finster, folk artist
* C. H. Arthur Finster, diplomat and genealogist

## Fictional characters

* Baby-Face Finster, a criminal disguised as a baby in the Merrie Melodies animated short film Baby Buggy Bunny
* Finster, a villain in Mighty Morphin Power Rangers
* Chuckie Finster, Chaz Finster, Kira Finster and Kimi Finster from the animated Nickelodeon TV series Rugrats and All Grown Up!
* Lorraine Finster, Minnie Driver's character from the TV show Will & Grace
* Miss Muriel P. Finster, assistant principal from the animated Disney TV series Recess
* Irwin Finster, a villain in the video game Wasteland
# Kosmos 967

Kosmos 967 (Russian: Космос 967 meaning Cosmos 967) is a satellite which was used as a target for tests of anti-satellite weapons. It was launched by the Soviet Union in 1977 as part of the Dnepropetrovsk Sputnik programme, and used as a target for Kosmos 970 and Kosmos 1009, as part of the Istrebitel Sputnikov programme.
It was launched aboard a Kosmos-3M carrier rocket, from Site 132/1 at the Plesetsk Cosmodrome. The launch occurred at 15:53 UTC on 13 December 1977.
Kosmos 967 was placed into a low Earth orbit with a perigee of 961 kilometres (597 mi), an apogee of 1,003 kilometres (623 mi), 65.8 degrees of inclination, and an orbital period of 104.7 minutes. It was successfully intercepted by Kosmos 970 in a non-destructive test on 21 December 1977. It was then re-used by Kosmos 1009 on 19 May 1978. Both tests were successful, and both left Kosmos 967 intact. As of 2023, it is still in orbit.
Kosmos 967 was the seventh of ten Lira satellites to be launched, of which all but the first were successful. Lira was derived from the earlier DS-P1-M satellite, which it replaced.
# Koloneia (theme)

The Theme of Koloneia (Greek: θέμα Κολωνείας) was a small military-civilian province (thema or theme) of the Byzantine Empire located in northern Cappadocia and the southern Pontus, in modern Turkey. It was founded sometime in the mid-9th century and survived until it was conquered by the Seljuk Turks soon after the Battle of Manzikert in 1071.

## History

Originally part of the Armeniac Theme, the theme was formed around the city of Koloneia on the river Lykos (modern Şebinkarahisar). The theme is attested for the first time in 863, but it apparently existed as a separate district earlier: Nicolas Oikonomides interprets a reference by the Arab geographer al-Masudi to mean that it constituted first a kleisoura (a fortified frontier district). In addition, a version of the Life of the 42 Martyrs of Amorium mentions that Emperor Theophilos (r. 829–842) appointed a certain spatharios Kallistos as its doux in circa 842, making it the likely date of its elevation to a full theme (alongside neighbouring Chaldia).
Koloneia's remote location preserved it from the worst of the Arab raids, except for a major raid by Sayf al-Dawla in 939/940. In 1057, the local regiment, under Katakalon Kekaumenos, supported the uprising of Isaac I Komnenos. In 1069, the theme was occupied by the rebel Norman mercenary Robert Crispin. The region fell to the Seljuk Turks soon after the Battle of Manzikert in 1071.

### Location

In the De Thematibus, Emperor Constantine VII Porphyrogennetos (r. 913–959) describes the theme as a small circumscription, encompassing, aside from Koloneia, Neocaesarea in the east, Arabraca, Mount Phalakros (probably modern Karaçam Dağı), Nicopolis and Tephrike. It also comprised sixteen unnamed fortresses. Porphyrogennetos also records that his father, Leo VI the Wise (r. 886–912), separated the tourma of Kamacha from Koloneia to form (along with Keltzene) the new theme of Mesopotamia.
# Girija Prasad Joshi

Girija Prasad Joshi (Nepali: गिरिजाप्रसाद जोशी; 1939–1987) was a versatile Nepalese poet who set a new trend in Nepal Bhasa literature. His poems, epics, plays and novels broke tradition and crossed conventional boundaries. He has been honored with the title Great Poet.

## Early life

Joshi was born in Sankhu (Sakwa), a small town in the Kathmandu Valley. His father was Dev Prasad and mother Khadga Devi Joshi. After finishing high school, he earned a bachelor's degree in education and taught in various schools. In 1981, he became headmaster of Rastriya Madhyamik Vidyalaya, Indrayani.

## Literary career

Joshi published his first poem in Dharmodaya magazine in 1958. He has been described as being influenced by leftist views, but his works encompass a wide range of subjects from progressive to romantic.
His poems and stories speak up for the downtrodden masses. Joshi's writing career spanned the years of the repressive Panchayat system (1962–1990) when Nepal Bhasa writers were arrested and tortured. Writings in languages other than the Nepali language were stifled, and no new publications were allowed to be established. Against this backdrop, Joshi's works inspired literary and cultural movements.

## Publications

Joshi was a prolific writer. During the period 1958 to 1987, he produced 11 novels, nine books of poetry, 10 story books, two epics, two plays and four books of songs. His greatest novels are Siluswan and Bipatra. Similarly, Silu-me: Cipukham is a well known novelette.
The poem entitled Hakugunya Nhapanmha Gayak ("The First Singer of the Black Hill") is the longest poem in Nepal Bhasa.
# Atan Rud

Atan Rud (Persian: اتان رود, also Romanized as Ātān Rūd) is a village in Alamut-e Pain Rural District, Rudbar-e Alamut District, Qazvin County, Qazvin Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 28, in 10 families.
# Sotira, Limassol

Sotira (Greek: Σωτήρα) is a village located partly in the Limassol District of Cyprus, and partly in the British Overseas Territory of Akrotiri and Dhekelia, west of Limassol, near Episkopi.

## Sotira Culture

Sotira Culture (Ceramic Neolithic Period) 5000 - 4000 BCE filled the gap left by the abandonment of Khirokitia Culture sites. The culture appears to have formed about two centuries after the first influx of pottery on the island, brought in by a new wave of settlers who arrived around 5250 BC. Some sources place the rise of the Sotira at a later date, around 4500 BC, but most seem to agree that there was a gap of about five hundred years between the fall of the Khirokitia and the very first appearance of the Sotira. Despite evidence of settlers who brought new technologies and techniques with them, there is no evidence of any external trade. Social stratification is also difficult to ascertain during this comparatively short-lived period.
The culture gained its name through the examination of a typical site at Sotira-Teppes. At the Sotíra Neolithic settlement lies a tightly packed group of house foundations of light construction. In form they ranged from circular to rectangular with rounded angles, the upper parts of the walls were evidently of mud brick and the roofs of the rectangular houses probably flat. The topmost floors overlay a demolition layer which sealed well-preserved hearths, post-holes, and other features. These lower floors yielded an unusually rich series of implements, of flint, stone and bone, as well as bowls and jugs of the combed ware. Like most Ceramic Neolithic sites, this was located near the coast, on high ground which was easily defendable. Another key site is at Ayios Epiktitos-Vyrsi. Ceramic sites are only found on the east of the island, showing that these newcomers did not reach either the west or the Karpass Peninsula (the long 'finger' at the north-eastern corner of Cyprus). There were regional differences, and technical improvements as the culture progressed. Of the thirty villages known to have been home to the culture, only a few were still inhabited in the next period but, as with the Khirokitia before it, why the majority of Sotira sites were abandoned is not known.
# Aitor López Rekarte

Aitor López Rekarte (born 18 August 1975) is a Spanish retired footballer. He played as a defender on the right side, and sporadically on the other flank.
His professional career was closely connected to Real Sociedad, where he spent 13 of 15 total seasons, appearing in 338 competitive games.

## Club career

Born in Mondragón, Basque Country, López Rekarte played a decade with local club Real Sociedad, with nearly 350 overall appearances with the first team. After being promoted to the main squad for 1997–98 he immediately became the starter, his worst output consisting of 26 games in his second professional season.
López Rekarte featured mostly at left-back in that campaign as Real finished third, as habitual starter Agustín Aranzábal suffered a long injury lay-off. Eventually, he also became team captain, only missing one La Liga match in 2002–03 for the runners-up.
In July 2007, López Rekarte switched to newly promoted UD Almería, but appeared scarcely throughout the season as the Andalusians overachieved, being subsequently released. On 18 March 2009, he joined Segunda División side SD Eibar in a deal until the end of the campaign. After the latter's relegation, he chose to retire from football at nearly 34.

## International career

López Rekarte earned one cap for Spain, in a friendly against Scotland on 3 September 2004 (1–1, in Valencia). Previously, he helped the nation's under-21s to win the 1998 UEFA European Championship.

## Personal life

López Rekarte was the younger brother of another professional footballer, Luis, who also played for Real Sociedad, also being a right-back and an international. His niece, Maitane López, was also involved in the sport.

## Honours

Spain U21
* UEFA European Under-21 Championship: 1998