OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Liptena

Liptena is a genus of butterflies in the family Lycaenidae. Liptena is endemic to the Afrotropics.

## Species

* Liptena albicans Cator, 1904
* Liptena albomacula Hawker-Smith, 1933
* Liptena alluaudi Mabille, 1890
* Liptena amabilis Schultze, 1923
* Liptena augusta Suffert, 1904
* Liptena bassae Bethune-Baker, 1926
* Liptena batesana Bethune-Baker, 1926
* Liptena bergeri Stempffer, Bennett & May, 1974
* Liptena bia Larsen & Warren-Gash, 2008
* Liptena boei Libert, 1993
* Liptena bolivari Kheil, 1905
* Liptena catalina (Grose-Smith & Kirby, 1887)
* Liptena confusa Aurivillius, 1899
* Liptena congoana Hawker-Smith, 1933
* Liptena decempunctata Schultze, 1923
* Liptena decipiens (Kirby, 1890)
* Liptena despecta (Holland, 1890)
* Liptena durbania Bethune-Baker, 1915
* Liptena eketi Bethune-Baker, 1926
* Liptena eukrinaria Bethune-Baker, 1926
* Liptena eukrinoides Talbot, 1937
* Liptena evanescens (Kirby, 1887)
* Liptena fatima (Kirby, 1890)
* Liptena ferrymani (Grose-Smith & Kirby, 1891)
* Liptena flavicans (Grose-Smith & Kirby, 1891)
* Liptena fontainei Stempffer, Bennett & May, 1974
* Liptena fulvicans Hawker-Smith, 1933
* Liptena griveaudi Stempffer, 1969
* Liptena hapale Talbot, 1935
* Liptena helena (Druce, 1888)
* Liptena homeyeri Dewitz, 1884
* Liptena ilaro Stempffer, Bennett & May, 1974
* Liptena inframacula Hawker-Smith, 1933
* Liptena intermedia Grünberg, 1910
* Liptena kiellandi Congdon & Collins, 1998
* Liptena liberti Collins, Larsen & Rawlins, 2008
* Liptena lloydi Collins & Larsen, 2008
* Liptena lualaba Berger, 1981
* Liptena minziro Collins & Larsen, 2008
* Liptena modesta (Kirby, 1890)
* Liptena mwagensis Dufrane, 1953
* Liptena nigromarginata Stempffer, 1961
* Liptena occidentalis Bethune-Baker, 1926
* Liptena ochrea Hawker-Smith, 1933
* Liptena opaca (Kirby, 1890)
* Liptena o-rubrum (Holland, 1890)
* Liptena ouesso Stempffer, Bennett & May, 1974
* Liptena overlaeti Stempffer, Bennett & May, 1974
* Liptena pearmani Stempffer, Bennett & May, 1974
* Liptena perobscura Druce, 1910
* Liptena praestans (Grose-Smith, 1901)
* Liptena priscilla Larsen, 1995
* Liptena rochei Stempffer, 1951
* Liptena rubromacula Hawker-Smith, 1933
* Liptena sauberi Schultze, 1912
* Liptena septistrigata (Bethune-Baker, 1903)
* Liptena seyboui Warren-Gash & Larsen, 2003
* Liptena similis (Kirby, 1890)
* Liptena simplicia Möschler, 1887
* Liptena submacula Lathy, 1903
* Liptena subsuffusa Hawker-Smith, 1933
* Liptena subundularis (Staudinger, 1892)
* Liptena tiassale Stempffer, 1969
* Liptena titei Stempffer, Bennett & May, 1974
* Liptena tricolora (Bethune-Baker, 1915)
* Liptena turbata (Kirby, 1890)
* Liptena undina (Grose-Smith & Kirby, 1894)
* Liptena undularis Hewitson, 1866
* Liptena xanthostola (Holland, 1890)
* Liptena yukadumae Schultze, 1917
# Andrei Zuev

Andrei Aleksandrovich Zuev (Russian: Андреӣ Александрович Зуев); (born May 18, 1964) is a retired Russian ice hockey goaltender. He was inducted into the Russian and Soviet Hockey Hall of Fame in 1993.

## Career
### Club career

In 1983, he began his career with the Metallurg Chelyabinsk in the Soviet Championship League. From 1986-1989, he played Automobilist Sverdlovsk. He then played for the Traktor Chelyabinsk and Mechel Chelyabinsk in the Russian Superleague. He retired in 2004 after two seasons in the Vysshaya Liga, the second level of Russian hockey.

### International career

Zuev represented Russia at the international level. He participated in the 1994 Winter Olympics, where Russia took fourth place. He won a gold medal with Russia at the 1993 World Ice Hockey Championships. He was also selected for the 1995 World Ice Hockey Championships.
# Bedan

Bedan (Hebrew: בְּדָן Bəḏān) is named as one of the deliverer of Israelites in 1 Samuel 12:11.
He is not mentioned elsewhere as a judge of Israel. Bishop Simon Patrick and others (including the Talmud) posit the name to be a contraction of ben Dan ("the son of Dan") by which they suppose Samson is meant, as the Targum reads. The Septuagint, Syriac, and Arabic, however, refer to the name as Barak, instead of Bedan; and the two latter versions list in that verse Samson as the last deliverer of the Israelites, instead of Samuel. These readings are adopted by Charles François Houbigant, and appear to be genuine, for it is not probable that Samuel would enumerate himself. The letters forming Bedan (בדן) Barak (ברק) in the Hebrew are very similar, and a scribe might easily have written the one for the other, and the mistake might well have been perpetuated. Others contend that this is no mistake, but that Bedan (B'dan) is simply a variant or contracted form of the name Abdon.
Bedan is the name of a descendant of Manasseh in 1 Chronicles 7:17
# Buncefield oil depot

51°45′49.33″N 0°25′26.33″W﻿ / ﻿51.7637028°N 0.4239806°W﻿ / 51.7637028; -0.4239806
Buncefield oil depot is operated by Hertfordshire Oil Storage Ltd (HOSL) and officially known as the Hertfordshire Oil Storage Terminal. It is an oil depot located on the edge of Hemel Hempstead to the north of London in the United Kingdom (UK). In December 2005 a series of explosions on the site caused the largest fire in Europe since World War II.

## Construction and operation

The site was built in 1968 by George Wimpey for BP and Shell-Mex. A pipeline was constructed to link two Shell refineries in Stanlow in the North West of England at Ellesmere Port in Cheshire, and Shell Haven on the Thames Estuary at Stanford-le-Hope in Thurrock. The pipeline allowed "white oil" products, such as petrol and diesel, to be transported cheaply and efficiently across the country.
Along with Buncefield, a number of other pipeline-fed installations were built at the same time. These depots were always shared by the oil companies who have benefited together from the lower costs compared with other transportation methods. However, when they opened, such depots, including Buncefield, sometimes became difficult to manage from an industrial relations perspective. Drivers and other operatives from different oil companies, but members of the same Trades Union, usually the Transport and General Workers Union, were able to coordinate their industrial action more effectively by being on the same site as one another. In 1990 a further pipeline was completed, linking the site to the Lindsey Oil Refinery in Humberside.
Before the fire, which devastated over a quarter of the site, the terminal was the fifth largest oil depot in the UK with pipelines to Humberside, Merseyside and Heathrow and Gatwick airports radiating from it. The terminal operator is Total, which owns 60% of the depot, with Texaco owning the remaining 40%, though BP and Shell also make use of its facilities. As the fifth largest oil depot in the UK, it had a capacity of approximately 60 million Imperial gallons (273 million litres) of fuel, although it was not always at capacity. It previously filled 400 tanker lorries every day and handled around 2.37 million tonnes of oil products every year.
In March 2008 BP announced it will soon be restarting some operations at the site with the storage and supply of aviation fuel to Heathrow. BP must comply with more than 50 safety conditions including refurbished tanks and an improved alarm system.
The site consists of a northern and a southern portion, with the southern being used by BP and the northern portion being divided into 3 sectors; HOSL West, the BPA area, and HOSL East. Texaco, Total and Shell use HOSL West and HOSL East, while the BPA area is occupied by facilities of the British Pipeline Agency (BPA), mostly for aviation fuel. HOSL West was the main site in the northern portion of HOSL, and was used for storage of a variety of fuels excluding aviation fuel and kerosene, which are stored at BPA. The fire destroyed most of HOSL West and the BPA area.
# Festuca californica

Festuca californica is a species of grass known by the common name California fescue.
This fescue species is native to the U.S. states of California and Oregon, where it is a member of many plant communities, including chaparral and oak woodlands, the former of which can be found in both Northern and Southern coastal California and the latter in Central and Northern California.

## Description

Festuca californica is a clumping perennial bunch grass, without rhizomes, that grows in greenish gray tufts.
It reaches anywhere from 1.5–4.5 feet (0.46–1.37 m) in height, and 1.5–3.5 feet (0.46–1.07 m) in width. The green-gray leaves are narrow, and can reach 2 feet (0.61 m) long. Festuca californica has a yellow color when it blooms. Peak blooming time is March, April, May, June, July.
The inflorescence, on stems reaching up to 6 feet (180 cm), holds spikelets, which are each 1 to 2 centimeters long. The flowers are in large open sprays, in the spring and summer. The plant reproduces from seed and from buds located at the base of the clump.

## Uses
### Cultivation

Festuca californica is cultivated as an ornamental grass by specialty plant nurseries, for planting in traditional gardens and as a potted plant, for drought-tolerant and wildlife gardens, and for natural landscaping projects.
It is planted under Coast live oaks (Quercus agrifolia) in gardens, being a drought-tolerant understory not requiring summer watering that can endanger the trees. It is also planted in landscapes for slope stabilization and erosion control, due to its deep and dense network of roots. Its light requirement makes it necessary for it to be planted in part shade conditions.

#### Cultivars

Cultivars are grown, with different foliage color and texture aesthetic variations, they include:
* Festuca californica 'Serpentine Blue' — blue grey-green.
* Festuca californica 'River House Blues' (Ron's California Fescue) — chalky blue.
* Festuca californica 'Gabilan Blues' — shiny light blue.
* Festuca californica 'San Rafael Blue' — silver blue-green.
* Festuca californica 'Blue Fountain' - Suncrest Nurseries — chalky blue.

### Restoration

In ecological restoration projects, Festuca californica is used with other local native grasses for restoring California coastal prairie habitats.

### Native Americans

People native to California such as the Pomo people thatched their houses with Festuca californica in order to provide warmth during cold seasons.
# Setarchinae

Setarchinae, the deep-sea bristly scorpionfishes, is a small subfamily of deep-sea ray-finned fishes, it is part of the family Scorpaenidae. They are small marine fishes, growing up to 25 cm, and are found in tropical and subtropical waters throughout the world.

## Taxonomy

Setarchinae, or the family Setarchidae, were first described as a taxon by the Japanese ichthyologist Kiyomatsu Matsubara in 1943. The grouping is treated as a subfamily of the Scorpaenidae within the order Scorpaeniformes by the 5th Edition of Fishes of the World. However, other authorities, such as FishBase, regard the taxon as a family within the suborder Scorpaenoidei, part of the Perciformes. The name of the subfamily comes from Setarches which was described by the English zoologist James Yate Johnson in 1862 but Johnson did not explain what the name alluded to, it may be derived from saeta meaning "bristle".

## Genera

The following four genera are classified within the subfamily Setarchinae, and the combined have a total of 11 species.
* Ectreposebastes Garman, 1899
* Lioscorpius Günther, 1880:
* Lythrichthys Jordan & Starks, 1904
* Setarches Johnson, 1862
Lithrchthys was previously regarded as a synonym of Setarches but has been treated as a valid genus by Catalog of Fishes with Setarches being considered to be a monotypic genus containing solely S. guentheri.

## Characteristics

Setarchinae species are differentiated from related species by the possession of a highly modified lateral line, reduced ossification and a reduction in the head's ability to be moved, supination. The lateral line is lacking in scales and consists of a single trough and the scales on the body are small and cycloid. In adults there are no suborbital spines. They have a small, sharp nasal spine and the parietal bone is low, ending at its rear end with a spine or spinule. In large specimens many spines are absent and in smaller specimens there are some spines around the eye but in larger individuals only the postocular spine is well defined. They have 12–13, typically 12 spines and 9–11 soft rays in the dorsal fin, the last ray is divided close to its base. The anal fin has 2–3 spines and 4–6 soft rays, the last ray being divided.

## Distribution and habitat

Setrachinae are found in the Atlantic, Indian and Pacific Oceans. They are offshore fish which can be found at depths between 180 and 830 m (590 and 2,720 ft) and examination of the stomach contents of two species suggest that they feed in the water column.
# Monroe, Virginia

Monroe is an unincorporated community in Amherst County, Virginia, United States. Monroe is located along U.S. Route 29 6.1 miles (9.8 km) north of Lynchburg.
Speed the Plough, a farm located in Monroe, was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 2007.

## Climate

The climate in this area is characterized by hot, humid summers and generally mild to cool winters. According to the Köppen Climate Classification system, Monroe has a humid subtropical climate, abbreviated "Cfa" on climate maps.

## In popular culture

Monroe is mentioned in a well-known American railroad song, "Wreck of the Old 97". It was written in memory of a 1903 rail disaster, when the Fast Mail, en route from Monroe to Spencer, North Carolina, derailed at the Stillhouse Trestle near Danville.
# The Music and Theater Folk High School

The Music and Theater Folk High School (Danish: Musik og Teaterhøjskolen) was a Danish folk high school in Toftlund, Denmark, which specialized in the performing arts. Like many folk high schools today, it prepared many young people (from 18 years of age) for higher education in the performing arts, while maintaining the folk high school tradition of having no requirements for entrance or graduation exams.

## History

Music and Theater Folk High School was founded in 1984 by politician and musician Henrik Svane and Lars Bo Smith as the South Jutlandic Folk High School for Music and Theater (Danish: Den Sønderjyske Højskole for musik og teater), but changed its name in 2000. The school has room for up to 70 students. The main school buildings and dorms are located on an old dairy farm. The school opened in July 1984, with an official ceremony led by Queen Mother Ingrid following in November 1984. There was also a song, In Our Hearts Begin (Danish: I hjerterne begynder) commissioned for the opening with text by Thorkild Bjørnvig and music by Christian Alvad. It is currently included in the højskolesangbogen.

## Performing Arts Hall

Shortly after the school opened, plans were begun on a performance hall designed by Carston Hoff and Susanne Ussing. The 500 square meter hall has room for over 300 people and is host to a variety of cultural activities, including rock, classical and jazz concerts, comedy acts, theatrical plays and talks.

## The School Today

The school started with two main subjects, music and theater, but has since expanded to include subjects in the performing arts such as electronic music, singing, dance, audio engineering and contemporary circus. Many of the teachers at the school are active as performing artists in their respective fields. It is one of the few surviving folk high schools in the Southern Jutland region of Denmark. Many students used their time at the school as a preparation for formal studies in their fields, for example universities, theater schools, conservatories and special Danish music preparatory schools] (Danish: musikalsk grundkursus, or MGK).
In 2022, due to economic difficulties and a low student sign-up, the school went bankrupt and was forced to close its doors.
# Mahesh Kumar Jain

Mahesh Kumar Jain is an Indian banker. He served as a Deputy Governor of the Reserve Bank of India from 2018 to 2023.

## Career

Jain served as the MD & CEO of IDBI Bank before being appointed as the Deputy Governor of the Reserve Bank Of India. Before joining IDBI Bank, he headed Indian Bank.
# Rural municipality

A rural municipality is a classification of municipality, a type of local government, found in several countries.
These include:
* Rural municipalities in Canada, a type of municipal status in the Canadian provinces of Manitoba, Saskatchewan, and Prince Edward Island. In other provinces, such as Alberta and Nova Scotia, the term refers to municipal districts that are not explicitly urban, rather than being a distinct type of municipality.
* Rural municipalities in Estonia, also called parishes, of which there are 64 in the country. Municipalities may contain one or several settlements, and while all urban municipalities contain only one settlement, only 6 rural municipalities do. Of these, five are so-called "borough-parishes", consisting of one borough, while Ruhnu Parish consists of one village.
* Gaunpalika (Nepali: गाउँपालिका, romanized: gāunpālikā, "rural municipality") is a newly formed lower administrative division in Nepal. The Ministry of Federal Affairs and Local Development (Nepal) dissolved the existing village development committees and announced the establishment of this new local body. There are currently 460 rural municipalities in Nepal.
* Rural council or officially, village council (Ukrainian: сільська́ ра́́да, silska rada), often shortened to (Ukrainian: сільра́́да, silrada), a local government area as well as one of the lowest forms of administrative division of Ukraine that is associated with rural populated places in Ukraine. These populated places can refer to either villages (Ukrainian: село, selo) or [rural] settlements (Ukrainian: селище, selysche). The status of rural council was defined by a 1997 Verkhovna Rada law "On the Local Self-Government of Ukraine." In 2015, there was a total of 10,279 registered rural councils.
* Rural municipalities of Sweden between 1863 and 1971, see socken.
* Rural municipalities or communes in Albania (Albanian: komunë), a former type of municipal status in Albania prior to the 2015 reorganization of local government, which replaced them with administrative units and placed them under the supervision of the nearest urban municipalities
# Tzalash

Tzalash (Hebrew: צל"ש, an acronym for Tziyonut Liberaliyut Shivyon, (Hebrew: ציונות ליברליות שוויון) lit. Zionism Liberalism Equality) was a one-man political faction in Israel.

## Background

Tzalash was formed after MK and Infrastructure Minister Yosef Paritzky was expelled from Shinui in July 2004 after he had been caught attempting to shame Shinui's deputy leader Avraham Poraz; he had hired a private investigator to look into Poraz's affairs and "drop him in the dirt." Paritzky's actions were investigated by the police, but charges were not brought.
Shinui attempted to have Paritzky expelled from the Knesset and replace him with another Shinui MK. However, the Knesset House Committee allowed him to retain his seat. Paritzky then announced that he was forming his own party and would run in the 2006 elections, saying his goal was for Shinui "not to attain the minimum number of votes needed to get into the Knesset." Although it was possible for the faction to receive 600,000 shekels in electoral funding, Tzalash did not participate in the 2006 elections.
Despite Tzalash's demise, two of Paritzky's goals were realised; Poraz was defeated in Shinui's primary elections in January 2006, with Paritzky saying Poraz and party leader Tommy Lapid "should have been sent home long ago". In addition, in the elections, Poraz's new party, Hetz, and Shinui both failed to win any seats.
In 2018 the party's registration was used to create the New Right, a breakaway from the Jewish Home.
# Tichkaella

Tichkaella is a genus of helcionellid from the Middle Cambrian. It has a strongly spiralled, smooth shell with concentric ridges that have low relief. Other than its looser coiling, it is very similar to Protowenella.
# Antoine Noguès

Antoine Noguès (7 May 1777 – 21 December 1853) was a French Army general. He served in the Grande Armée as well as in the Hundred Days and the Waterloo Campaign.

## Early life

Antoine Noguès was born on 7 May 1777 in Castelnau-Rivière-Basse, Hautes-Pyrénées. His father, Antoine Noguès, was a landowner in Castelnau-Rivière-Basse; his mother was Marie Rangon. His elder brother, Jean-François-Xavier Noguès, also became a general.

## Career

Noguès joined the Army of the Eastern Pyrenees on 3 February 1792. He was appointed as second lieutenant in 1793, aide-de-camp to Jean Lannes in 1795, and lieutenant followed by captain in 1796. He served in Italy in 1801–1802, and in the Antilles in 1802–1803. He was wounded in Saint Lucia in 1803 and promoted to battalion chief. Upon returning to France, he became an aide-de-camp to Pierre Augereau, and he served in the Grande Armée from 1805 to 1806, when he became lieutenant colonel. He served as a colonel in Germany from 1806 to 1808, and as Chief of the Defence Staff in Puigcerdà, Spain from 1811 to 1813.
Noguès served as brigadier general in Girona, Catalonia and Aragon from 1813 to 1814. He joined the Army of the North in 1815, and he served in the Hundred Days and the Waterloo Campaign. He commanded the Hautes-Pyrénées from 1818 to 1830, and the Basses-Pyrénées from 1830 to 1848.
Noguès became a commander of the Legion of Honour.

## Personal life, death and legacy

Noguès married Jenny, the daughter of Henri Saint-Pierre-Lespéret. She was the godmother of Jenny Foch, the sister of Marshal Ferdinand Foch.
Noguès died on 21 December 1853 in Jû-Belloc, Gers. His memoirs were edited by Baron André de Maricourt in 1922.

## Works

* Noguès, Antoine (1922). de Maricourt, André (ed.). Mémoires du général Noguès sur les guerres de l'Empire : 1777-1853. Paris: Lemerre. OCLC 422417070.
# Henry Ludlow (died 1643)

Sir Henry Ludlow (c. 1592–1643) was an English landowner and politician who sat in the House of Commons at various times between 1614 and 1643.
Ludlow was born at Maiden Bradley, Wiltshire, the son of Sir Edmund Ludlow and his second wife Lady Margaret Howard, widow of Thomas Howard, 1st Viscount Howard of Bindon, and daughter of Sir Henry Manning, knight marshal of the Household. He matriculated at Brasenose College, Oxford on 16 October 1607 aged 15 and graduated BA on 6 February 1609. In 1614, he was elected Member of Parliament for Heytesbury. He was re-elected MP for Heytesbury in 1621 and 1624. He inherited the estate of Maiden Bradley. In 1633 he was Sheriff of Wiltshire.
In November 1640, Ludlow was elected MP for Wiltshire in the Long Parliament and sat until his death in 1643.
Ludlow died at the age of about 51 and was buried on 1 November 1643 at St Andrews, Holborn, London.
Ludlow married Elizabeth Phelips, daughter of Richard Phelips of Montacute, Somerset and had three daughters and six sons including Edmund, the regicide. Ludlow's half-brother also named Henry was an MP.
# Kalle Aalto

Kalle Aalto (22 February 1884 – 14 December 1950) was a Finnish politician. He worked as a mason and builder and later as farmer. Aalto was born and died in Halikko. He become a member of the Parliament of Finland from the constituency of Turku Province South on 16 October 1919, after Sikstus Rönnberg had died. He was a Social Democrat, and served in the parliament till 1922.