OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Half-sword

Half-sword, in 14th- to 16th-century fencing with longswords, refers to the technique of gripping the central part of the sword blade with the left hand in order to execute more forceful thrusts against armoured and unarmoured opponents. The term is a translation of the original German Halbschwert. The technique was also referred to as mit dem kurzen Schwert, "with the shortened sword" in German.
Half-sword is used for leverage advantage when wrestling with the sword, as well as for delivering a more accurate and powerful thrust. Both of these are critical when fighting in plate armour because a slice or a cleaving blow from a sword is virtually useless against iron or steel plate. Most medieval treatises show armoured combat as consisting primarily of fighting at the half-sword; the best options against an armoured man being a strong thrust into less-protected areas such as the armpits or throat or, even better, the same against a man who has already been cast to the ground.
Some weapons may have been modified specifically for this purpose, sporting what is called a ricasso. Some longswords had a short ricasso, usually too close to the cross and hilt of the blade for practical use in half-swording except as a point of extra leverage in a thrust. The ricasso on larger swords, such as the two-handed sword, provided a longer area more fitting for gripping during half-swording. Filippo Vadi suggests that a sword be sharp only at the tip. It has been suggested that some swords were left unsharpened in a part of the sword a hand's breadth wide about halfway down the blade in order to facilitate this technique.
In Italian and English, "half sword" refers to a crossing of the sword in the middle of the blade, and by extension the relatively close range at which this takes place.
# Mission Dam

Mission Dam is a dam on the Hiwassee River in Clay County, in the U.S. state of North Carolina. The dam is located between Hiwassee Dam and Chatuge Dam. The city of Andrews, North Carolina built the dam in 1924 at a cost of $500,000 to supply energy. The dam is the oldest on the river (other dams on along the Hiwassee were constructed in the 1940s). Nantahala Power and Light bought the facility in 1929 and upgraded it in 1943. Unlike other dams on the river, it is operated by Duke Energy instead of the Tennessee Valley Authority.
Mission Dam was built as an Ambursen type dam, but in 1999 many of its chambers were filled in due to concrete deterioration. It is 50 feet (15 m) high and 397 feet (121 m) long. Mission Dam is classified by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers as a high-hazard dam, meaning a dam failure may pose a deadly threat to nearby residents. As of 2023, the dam's condition was listed as "fair."
The reservoir is 47 acres. The dam is adjacent to a portage for canoe access downstream and a hiking trail on the path of the former Peavine Railroad which ran nearby.

## Location

Mission Dam is located 106 miles (170 km) above the mouth of the Hiwassee River, just upstream of the Cherokee County line.
The town of Hayesville, North Carolina and TVA's Chatuge Dam are located 9 miles and 15 miles upstream, respectively.
# Abd ol Maleki, Kermanshah

Abd ol Maleki (Persian: عبدالملكي, also Romanized as ‘Abd ol Malekī) is a village in Razavar Rural District, in the Central District of Kermanshah County, Kermanshah Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 55, in 11 families.
# Zagorica pri Velikem Gabru

Zagorica pri Velikem Gabru (pronounced; German: Sagoritza) is a village in the Municipality of Trebnje in eastern Slovenia. It lies just south of the A2 motorway in the historical region of Lower Carniola. The municipality is now included in the Southeast Slovenia Statistical Region.

## Geography

Zagorica pri Velikem Gabru is a clustered village standing in parts of two valley embayments of the Pule Valley (also known as the Field Valley, Slovene: Poljska dolina) and on a gentle rise between the two embayments. The hamlet of Gomila stands south of the main part of the village, on a rise above the small Devence (or Devnice) Valley. There are several ponds used for watering cattle, the largest of which is Biček Pond. During heavy rains, Šumnik Creek flows from Strmca Hill (elevation: 415 meters or 1,362 feet) into the Podstrmec Valley east of the village, disappearing into sinkholes. The fertile Podstrmec Valley floods during heavy rains, with water rising from and disappearing into estavelles, the largest of which is the Kovač Sinkhole (Slovene: Kovačeva rupa). On the slope of Strmec Hill above the valley is Wolf Cave (Slovene: Volčji kevder), known to be frequented by bears.

## Name

The name of the settlement was changed from Zagorica to Zagorica pri Velikem Gabru in 1953. In the past the German name was Sagoritza.

## Cultural heritage

During the construction of the motorway an archaeological site with Eneolithic, La Tène–period, Roman-period and early medieval settlement layers was discovered in the area.
# Alexander Lumsden

Alexander Lumsden (October 4, 1843 – August 5, 1904) was an Ontario lumber merchant and political figure. He represented the riding of Ottawa in the Legislative Assembly of Ontario from 1898 to 1902 as a Liberal member.
He was born in New Edinburgh, Canada West, the son of John Lumsden, and educated at the Ottawa Collegiate Institute. He married Margaret Duncan. He worked for lumbermen Joseph Merrill Currier and James MacLaren before going into business on his own in 1881. Lumsden acquired timber limits in Témiscaming, Québec, Canada region and also owned lumber mills and a fleet of steamships in that region. After his death, his son John took over the operation of the business.
# A. D. Wilson

Allen David "A.D." Wilson (September 17, 1844 – February 21, 1920) was an American cartographer.

## Biography

He was born in Sparta, Illinois. He left school and in March 1867, enlisted with the Geological Survey of California. There he learned triangulation. In July 1868, he joined Clarence King for his Geological Exploration of the Fortieth Parallel and stayed with him through 1872. In 1872, Wilson accompanied King and others to investigate and eventually debunk a diamond hoax in the northwest corner of the Colorado Territory. Wilson then joined Ferdinand Vandeveer Hayden, and between 1873 and 1878 he led a survey party across western Colorado, western Wyoming, and eastern Idaho. Wilson's half-brother Franklin Rhoda was a key member of this survey team. In 1879, Hayden's Survey was merged with others to form the U.S. Geological Survey. Clarence King named Wilson the chief topographer of the USGS.
Wilson resigned from the USGS on September 30, 1881, in order to become chief topographer for the Northern Transcontinental Survey, organized by Raphael Pumpelly. Henry Villard, president of the Northern Pacific Railroad, had invited Pumpelly to map a route through the territories of Washington, Idaho, and Montana and to identify the economic resources near the railroad lines. Pumpelly published part of that survey in his report for the Tenth Census, including at least one of Wilson's maps.
During the 1890s, Wilson relocated to Oakland, California, where he and other civic leaders organized the Athenian Bank (later renamed the Security Bank and Trust of Oakland). In 1918, the bank was absorbed by the Bank of Italy and soon thereafter became the Bank of America. He died of influenza on February 21, 1920, in Oakland.

## Awards and honors

* Mount Wilson (Colorado) was named for A. D. Wilson, a topographer with the Hayden Survey. He was in the first ascent party, which climbed the peak on September 13, 1874, via the south ridge (a difficult route, not often climbed today).
* Wilson Peak - Elevation 14,017 feet - This peak high in the San Juan mountains above the old mining structures in the Silver Pick Basin was named for A. D. Wilson, a chief cartographer with the Hayden Survey.
* Wilson Glacier (Mount Rainier) - a medium-sized tributary glacier located on the southeast flank of Mount Rainier in Washington state.

## Publications

* "Report on the Primary Triangulation of Colorado" in Hayden's Tenth Annual Report, (1878), pages 275–309.
* Geological and Geographical Atlas of Colorado and Portions of Adjacent Territory, 1877
* Leadville special map (Lake County) Colorado. U.S. Geological Survey (1910)
* Colorado, Tenmile District. U.S. Geological Survey (1897)(reprinted 1945)
# Joseph-Hormisdas Legris

Joseph-Hormisdas Legris (May 6, 1850 – March 6, 1932) was a politician in Quebec, Canada. He served as Member of the Legislative Assembly (MLA), Member of Parliament (MP) and Senator.

## Early life

He was born on May 6, 1850, in Louiseville, Mauricie. He was a farmer and an army officer of the local army reserve.

## Provincial politics

Legris ran as a candidate of Honoré Mercier's Parti National in 1886 and lost. However, the election was eventually declared void and a by-election was called to settle the matter. Legris ended up winning the 1888 by-election and became MLA for the provincial district of Maskinongé.
In 1890 though, his own election was cancelled. The same year, Catholic Bishop Louis-François Richer Laflèche used his influence to help local candidates of the Conservative Party being elected. Legris lost re-election against Joseph Lessard.

## Federal politics

In 1891, Legris was elected as a Liberal candidate to the House of Commons, representing the district of Maskinongé. He was re-elected in 1896 and 1900.
He resigned in 1903 to accept an appointment to the Canadian Senate.

## City politics

He served as Mayor of Louiseville from 1921 to 1922.

## Death

He died in office on March 6, 1932, in Ottawa, Ontario.
# Bobby Harris

Bobby Harris (born June 15, 1983) is a former professional American and Canadian football offensive lineman who last played for the Florida Tuskers of the United Football League. He was signed by the San Francisco 49ers as an undrafted free agent in 2006. He played college football for the Ole Miss Rebels.
Harris was also a member of the Frankfurt Galaxy, Carolina Panthers, Orlando Predators and Saskatchewan Roughriders.
# Mece, Croatia

Mece (Hungarian: Mеcepuszta; Serbian Cyrillic: Меце) is a settlement in the region of Baranja, Croatia. Administratively, it is located in the Darda municipality within the Osijek-Baranja County. Population is 882 people.
# Chrysochou

Chrysochou (Greek: Χρυσοχού, Turkish: Hirsofu) is a village in the Paphos District of Cyprus, located 3 km south of Polis Chrysochous.
# Kharovsk

Kharovsk (Russian: Ха́ровск) is a town and the administrative center of Kharovsky District in Vologda Oblast, Russia, located on the left bank of the Kubena River, 90 kilometers (56 mi) north of Vologda, the administrative center of the oblast. Population: 10,079 (2010 Census); 11,460 (2002 Census); 13,083 (1989 Soviet census).

## History

In 1894, the construction of the railway line between Vologda and Arkhangelsk started. It was decided that the railway should run over the shortest route rather than pass through existing settlements, and it was eventually built through the current location of Kharovsk. Kubino railway station, which was later renamed Leshchevo, was opened in this location in 1894; the station was renamed Kharovskaya in 1914.
The settlement of Kharovskaya (Харовская), also known as Kharovsky (Харовский), was founded in 1903 in relation with the construction of a glass factory. In 1919, a saw mill was built. Kharovsky belonged to Kadnikovsky Uyezd in Vologda Governorate.
On July 15, 1929, the uyezds were abolished, the governorates merged into Northern Krai, and Kharovsky District was established. In 1932, Kharovskaya, the administrative center of the district, was granted work settlement status. Construction of a number of industrial enterprises followed, including a milk factory. In 1954, Kharovskaya was granted town status and given its present name.

## Administrative and municipal status

Within the framework of administrative divisions, Kharovsk serves as the administrative center of Kharovsky District. As an administrative division, it is incorporated within Kharovsky District as the town of district significance of Kharovsk. As a municipal division, the town of district significance of Kharovsk is incorporated within Kharovsky Municipal District as Kharovsk Urban Settlement.

## Economy
### Industry

Kharovsk hosts timber industry and food industry enterprises.

### Transportation

Kharovsk is located on the railway connecting Vologda and Arkhangelsk, which crosses the district from the south to the north, and is served by Kharovskaya railway station.
Roads connect Kharovsk with Syamzha in the east and Sokol in the south.

## Culture and recreation

The only museum in Kharovsk is the Kharovsk Museum of Art and History which was founded in 1967 and reopened in 2000.

## Sports

One of the races of the Motocross Cup of Russia is held in July every year close to Kharovsk.
# Badge Époque Ensemble

Badge Époque Ensemble is a Canadian musical project led by Max Turnbull. They are most noted for their self-titled debut album, which was a longlisted nominee for the 2020 Polaris Music Prize.
In addition to Turnbull, the band includes guitarist Chris Bezant, saxophonist Karen Ng, flautist Alia O'Brien, bassist Giosuè Rosati, percussionist Ed Squires and drummer Jay Anderson, and performs both instrumental music and songs with guest vocalists such as Jennifer Castle, Dorothea Paas, James Baley and Meg Remy. Their music blends jazz, progressive rock, psychedelic rock and funk elements.
Their self-titled debut album was released in 2019. They followed up in 2020 with Self-Help.
Their 2022 album Clouds of Joy was longlisted for the 2023 Polaris Music Prize.
# Danish Landrace pig

The Danish Landrace, Danish: Hvid Dansk Landrace, is a Danish breed of pig. It is of medium to large size, white in colour with a long body, fine hair, a long snout, and heavy drooping ears. There are two distinct varieties, the white (hvid) and the piebald (sortbroget).

## History

During the second half of the nineteenth century, Denmark became a major supplier of bacon to the United Kingdom: exports grew from 1000 tons per year in 1850 to 50000 in 1900; they grew still further in the twentieth century, reaching 384000 in 1932.$^{:586}$ From about 1865, and particularly between 1879 and 1896, breeding stock of the British Large White or Yorkshire breed was imported and cross-bred with local animals to supply the bacon trade. The cross of a Large White boar with a sow of the traditional Jutland breed was found to be particularly successful.$^{:587}$
In 1896 the Danish government drew up a national plan for pig production, under which the Large White x Jutland hybrid would become a new breed, the Danish Landrace.$^{:587}$ A herd-book published in 1906 listed 126 boars born from 1893 to 1904;$^{:587}$ some 60% of them were from Jutland, 21% from Fyn and 10% from Zealand. Performance testing was started in 1899.$^{:121}$ Herds of purebred local and Large White pigs were separately reared; farmers could buy stock to produce the first-generation hybrid, which soon became the predominant pig of Denmark. From about 1925 the use of Large White boars was reduced, and the new breed selectively bred for characteristics including more length in the body and less fat on the back.$^{:587}$
After the end of the Second World War, limits were placed on exports of breeding stock; the Danish Landrace had already been exported to many countries of the world, and had given rise to numerous regional breeds, among them the American, Dutch Landrace, Norwegian, South African and Swedish Landrace.$^{:587}$$^{:404}$
In the 1960s it was essentially the only pig breed in the country, but in the 1970s it came to be considered insufficiently productive for intensive farming.$^{:587}$ A comparison with imported Large White in 1977 found it to grow more slowly while consuming more feed. From about this time it was cross-bred with newly-imported Large White boars to create the Dan-Hybrid sow line, on which a variety of Duroc, Hampshire and Large White boars were used.$^{:587}$ By 1983 approximately 3500 of the original breed remained.$^{:587}$

## Characteristics

The Danish Landrace is a medium-to-large, long, lean, pig. It is white, and is scantily clad with short hairs. The snout is long, and the large ears droop forwards. It has deep flanks and lacks the wrinkles and excess fat found in some other breeds.
# Ponn Vongs Vaddey

Ponn Vongs Vaddey is the former minister of justice for Cambodia.
# Allied Somali Forces

The Allied Somali Forces (ASF) was a political faction of the Somali Civil War. It was the primary opponent of the Margans Malitia for the control of Kismayo and the Juba River valley, the area known as Jubaland.
Following the breakdown of central authority in the Somali Civil War, General Hersi "Morgan" declared Jubaland independent on September 3, 1998.
Opponents to General "Morgan" came from the Somali Marehan, Somali Clan . The Marehan Somali National Front (SNF) and other Clan allies grouped together as the Allied Somali Forces (ASF). They ousted General "Morgan" from Kismayu in June 1999.
The ASF renamed itself the Juba Valley Alliance in June 2001, and threw its support behind the Transitional Federal Government (TFG). The leader of the JVA is Colonel Barre Adan Shire Hiiraale, who later became Defense Minister for the TFG. The militia commander of the JVA is Col. Abdulahi Sheik Ismael Fara-Tag.
# Michael Gray (author)

Michael Gray (born 25 August 1946) is a British author who has written extensively about Bob Dylan and popular music.

## Biography

Gray was born in Bromborough, Wirral. He grew up on Merseyside, attended Birkenhead School, and read History and English Literature at the University of York. He subsequently lived and worked in North Devon, Birmingham, West Malvern, London and North Yorkshire. He is married to the food writer Sarah Beattie. In 2008, they moved to South-West France.
In 1972, Gray published the first critical study of Dylan's work, Song & Dance Man: The Art of Bob Dylan; this work was greatly expanded into Song & Dance Man III: The Art Of Bob Dylan (1999, 2000). In 2006, Gray published the Bob Dylan Encyclopedia, which received favourable reviews from the music press and newspapers.
In 2007, Gray published Hand Me My Travelin' Shoes - In Search of Blind Willie McTell, both a travelogue and a detailed biography of the influential blues singer Blind Willie McTell. This work was shortlisted for the James Tait Black Memorial Prize for Biography in 2008.
Gray was the Mary Amelia Cummins Harvey Visiting Fellow Commoner at Girton College, Cambridge, in 2005. He established a Bob Dylan blog in 2006. His official website was created in 2011. In 2015 he received the higher doctorate of D.Litt. (Doctor of Letters in English) from the University of York.
In 2021, Gray published Outtakes on Bob Dylan, a selection of his writings on Dylan from 1967 to 2021. It contained a new 60-page assessment of Dylan's album Rough and Rowdy Ways.

## Principal works

* Song & Dance Man: The Art Of Bob Dylan (1972, 1973)
* Mother!: The Frank Zappa Story (1985, 1992, 1994, 2007, also published in Italy 1986 and Germany 1994)
* The Elvis Atlas: A Journey Through Elvis Presley's America (1996, 2011) - co-author
* All Across The Telegraph: A Bob Dylan Handbook (1987, 1988) - co-editor
* The Art Of Bob Dylan: Song & Dance Man (1981, 1982)
* Song & Dance Man III: The Art of Bob Dylan (1999, 2000)
* The Bob Dylan Encyclopedia (2006, revised & expanded 2008)
* Hand Me My Travelin' Shoes: In Search Of Blind Willie McTell (2007)
* Outtakes on Bob Dylan (2021)
# NASCAR: Full Throttle

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
NASCAR: Full Throttle is a compilation album released on October 16, 2001, by Hybrid Recordings, in association with NASCAR, Turner Broadcasting System, and NBC Sports.

## Appearance in media

* “Fuel” was used as the intro song for NBC’s NASCAR broadcasts.
* “I Can’t Drive 65 (2001 version)” was used as the song for NASCAR on NBC’s Bud Pole Award segment from 2001-2004.

## Release history

| Region | Date | Format | Label | Ref. |
| United States | 2001 | CD | Hybrid | |
# Live Planetarium

Live Planetarium is the first live album and fifth release of Australian Christian death metal band Mortification, released in 1993. It contains live versions of material from the band's three previously released studio albums, Mortification (1991), Scrolls of the Megilloth (1992), and Post Momentary Affliction (1993), as well as two new songs, "Symbiosis" and "Time Crusaders", and a cover of "Black Snake" by American Christian metal band Bloodgood. A video version of Live Planetarium was released on VHS in 1994 and later on DVD in 2006. A segment on Mortification's history, from the video of Live Planetarium, was included on the Tourniquet/Mortification Collector's Edition CD Single in 1994; the disc also contained songs from Mortification's Blood World album and American Christian metal band Tourniquet's Vanishing Lessons album. A studio recording of "Symbiosis" was included on Blood World. Soundmass released a reissue of Live Planetarium in 2019 on vinyl with new cover art and on CD in 2020 with the studio version of "Time Crusaders" as a bonus track; the track "Black Snake" was removed from the reissues.

## Track listing

All tracks are written by Mortification except "Black Snake" by Bloodgood
    $^a$ Song not included on the 2019 or 2020 reissues.
# Agios Nilos, Mount Athos

Agios Nilos (also spelled Agios Neilos; Greek: Άγιος Νείλος) is the name of an area of Mount Athos that belongs to the Monastery of Great Lavra. It is located on the southeastern side of Mount Athos. It is named after Saint Nilos the Myrrh-streamer, who was a hermit in the cell of the Virgin Mary that now bears his name. Today the monks at Agios Nilos are engaged in hagiography and handicrafts.
The Cave of Saint Nilos the Myrrh-streamer, also known as the Cave of Saint Petra of the Virgin Mary, is located in a location called Perdiki.$^{:71}$
# Hillerød Stadium

Hillerød Stadium (Danish: Hillerød Stadion) is a multi-use sports complex in Hillerød, Denmark. It is currently used for football matches and is the home stadium of Hillerød Fodbold. The complex was earlier the site of the Selskov Stadium and was used for motorcycle speedway events, often with crowds in excess of 10,000.

## Football

Frederiksborg Slotssogn stood behind the 1958 construction of a new sports facility at the Selskov Stadium (which itself was built in 1954), consisting of a couple of association football fields and a small changing room on a hill. Selskov Stadium was expanded in 1977, with three new association football fields established.
In 1986, a new clubhouse was constructed and funded by the city council. For several years, up until 1990, the athletic course in the southwest corner of the stadium had been used for motorcycle speedway races, often gathering attendances of up to 10,000 people, but new safety regulations and several noise complaints from neighbors resulted in this activity being moved to Slangerup. Speedway had worn out the running tracks at the athletic ground.
A new athletic ground was inaugurated in 1997 and the Selskov Stadium changed its name to Hillerød Stadium. In 2005, Hillerød Municipality constructed a new association field at the area behind Ødammen in the east section of the sports center, which was officially inaugurated in 2008.

## Speedway

In 1954, the Frederiksborg Amts Motorklub (FAM) built a 400 metres speedway track, which became known as the Selskov Stadium. It opened on 22 August 1954 and soon became the chosen stadium for major Danish speedway events, replacing the Amager speedway track in Copenhagen as the first choice venue.
It regularly hosted qualifying rounds of the Speedway World Championship from 1959 to 1974 and also held the Danish Speedway Championship on multiple occasions from 1956 to 1983.
The track record holder was the legendary rider Erik Gundersen who recorded a time of 73.3 seconds on 21 August 1983.
The last meeting on the track was held on 8 September 1985, following new safety regulations and several noise complaints from neighbours. Frederiksborg Amts Motorklub moved to the Slangerup Speedway Center.