OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Ministry of Transport (Colombia)

The Ministry of Transport (Spanish: Ministerio de Transporte) is the national executive ministry of the Government of Colombia responsible for regulating transportation in Colombia.

## History

The Ministry of Transport was created in 1905 during the presidency of Rafael Reyes under the name of Ministerio de Obras Públicas y Transporte or Ministry of Public Works and Transport with the main function of taking care of national assets issues, including mines, oil (fuel), patents and trade marks, railways, roads, bridges, national buildings and land not privately owned.
In the early 20th century roads and highways maintenance and construction regulations were established. Rivers were cleaned, dragged and channeled and the navigational industry was organized. The Public works districts were created, as well as the Ferrocarriles Nacionales de Colombia (National Railways of Colombia). Among other major projects developed were the aqueduct of Bogotá, La Regadera Dam and the Vitelma Water Treatment Plant. The Ministry also created the National Institute of Transit (from the Spanish Instituto Nacional de Tránsito), (INTRA) under the Transport and tariffs Directorate and was in charge of designing the first National roads plan with the support of many foreign multinational construction companies.

## Late 20th century

In the late 20th century the ministry introduced regulations to install tolls on highways in order to finance public works and the Highway Police was restructured to participate more actively in the vigilance and control of transportation matters. Ports of Colombia was created to build, maintain and control the maritime and fluvial ports of the country. The Neighbouring Roads Fund was established to supervise constructions, improve and maintain roads and bridges. The Ministry also created the National Roads Fund financed with resources generated from fuel taxes to finance other road works.
In December 1993, the Colombian government restructured the entity seeking to improve it, formally naming it the Ministry of Transport. In the early year of 2000 the Ministry was once again subject of restructuring, this time receiving more autonomy to define, formulate and regulate transportation, transit and its infrastructure policies. In the last decade the Ministry has developed important projects; new roads and highways, tunnels and bridges, recovered some of the railway system, improved service and security in airports and maintains fluvial and maritime ways.
# Proletarovka, Kursk Oblast

Proletarovka (Russian: Пролетаровка) is a rural locality (a khutor) in Soldatsky Selsoviet Rural Settlement, Fatezhsky District, Kursk Oblast, Russia. The population as of 2010 is 12.

## Geography

The khutor is located on the Radubezhsky Brook (a link tributary of the Usozha in the basin of the Svapa), 86.5 km from the Russia–Ukraine border, 53 km north-west of Kursk, 16 km south-west of the district center – the town Fatezh, 9 km from the selsoviet center – Soldatskoye.

### Climate

Proletarovka has a warm-summer humid continental climate (Dfb in the Köppen climate classification).

## Transport

Proletarovka is located 14.5 km from the federal route M-2 Crimea Highway as part of the European route E105, 5 km from the road of regional importance 38K-038 (Fatezh – Dmitriyev), 10 km from the road 38K-005 (Konyshyovka – Zhigayevo – 38K-038), 6.5 km from the road of intermunicipal significance 38Н-679 (38K-038 – Soldatskoye – Shuklino), 4 km from the road 38Н-681 (38N-679 – Verkhniye Khalchi), on the road 38Н-682 (38N-681 – Podymovka – Proletarovka), 23 km from the nearest railway halt Mitsen (railway line Arbuzovo – Luzhki-Orlovskiye).
The rural locality is situated 57 km from Kursk Vostochny Airport, 169 km from Belgorod International Airport and 250 km from Voronezh Peter the Great Airport.
# Didan-e Sofla

Didan-e Sofla (Persian: ديدان سفلي, also Romanized as Dīdān-e Soflá; also known as Dīdān-e Ḩoseynī) is a village in Baranduz Rural District, in the Central District of Urmia County, West Azerbaijan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 680, in 165 families.
# Heilprin Glacier

Heilprin Glacier (Danish: Heilprin Gletscher), is a glacier in northwestern Greenland. Administratively it belongs to the Avannaata municipality.
This glacier was named by Robert Peary after geologist, paleontologist and naturalist Angelo Heilprin (1853 – 1907), curator of the Philadelphia Academy of Natural Sciences, who took part in the Peary expedition to Greenland of 1891–92.

## Geography

The Heilprin Glacier discharges from the Greenland Ice Sheet into the head of the Inglefield Fjord just east of the Harvard Islands and northeast of Quajaqqisaarsuaq. Its terminus lies between the Smithson Range nunatak that separates it from the Tracy Glacier to the north, and Nunatarsuaq, a plateau dotted with lakes to the south. Both neighboring glaciers drain roughly 12,000 km$^2$ (4,600 sq mi) of the Greenland Ice Sheet.
Although the Heilprin Glacier is contiguous to the Tracy Glacier, both glaciers have a different nature, a fact which has been a source of puzzlement for scientists for over a century.
* 19th century map of the Inglefield Gulf.
# Muzi Bagh

Muzi Bagh (Persian: موزي باغ, also Romanized as Mūzī Bāgh) is a village in Rudpey-ye Shomali Rural District, in the Central District of Sari County, Mazandaran Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 346, in 84 families.
# Kyrano

Kyrano is a fictional character featured in the 1960s British Supermarionation television series Thunderbirds and its 2004 live-action film adaptation.

## Depiction
### Original series

Kyrano is the father of Tin-Tin Kyrano and is half-brother of The Hood. He is the manservant in the Tracy household, sharing domestic duties with Grandma Tracy. He is renowned for serving tea and coffee within the house and is upset when Parker tries to take this duty from him in the episode "The Mighty Atom".
Kyrano was once the heir to a rubber plantation fortune in Malaysia, but was cheated out of it by The Hood. After this, he decided to withdraw from the world of material gain and spend the rest of his life in meditation. He lived all over the world, pursuing careers as a chef in Paris, a gardener in England, and a scientist producing synthetic foods from plants for astronauts. When his old friend Jeff Tracy, founder of International Rescue, offered him a position on Tracy Island upon the organisation's formation, he accepted.
The Hood has a hypnotic power over Kyrano, which he sometimes uses to extract information on International Rescue and its secrets. Kyrano never mentions this to anyone, dismissing the Hood's telepathic intrusions as mere "dizzy spells" despite his otherwise unquestionable loyalty to the Tracys.
A widower, Kyrano's full name is never revealed in the series and he seems happy to be referred to by his surname.

### Adaptations

In the 2004 film, Kyrano has a wife, Onaha. Kyrano appears to be his given name, rather than his surname, and he and his family are Malaysian Indian Muslims.
Kyrano does not appear in the 2015 remake series, in which he is said to be retired. However, his daughter (renamed Tanusha "Kayo" Kyrano) and brother are still major characters. In the episode "Signals – Part 1", Kayo mentions that her father was devastated by Jeff's disappearance and hopes that he will come out of retirement if Jeff is found alive.

## Reception

Jon Abbott of TV Zone magazine describes the original Kyrano as a "fawning manservant" whom Jeff treats patronisingly, arguing that he represents a negative stereotype. Marcus Hearn regards him as a "poorly sketched character", calling his secret ties to the Hood "another of Thunderbirds' weak links" and stating that the series reveals almost nothing of his and Tin-Tin's backstory.
# Jack Beddington

John Louis Beddington CBE (1893–1959) was a United Kingdom advertising executive, best known for his work as publicity director for Shell in the 1930s and as head of the Ministry of Information Films Division during World War II.

## Biography
### Early life

Jack Beddington was born in South Kensington, London in 1893 to Charles Lindsay Beddington and Stella Goldschmidt de Libantia. He was educated at Wellington College and Balliol College, Oxford.
During World War I he served with the King's Own Yorkshire Light Infantry. He was wounded at Ypres. In January 1918 he married Olivia Margaret Streatfeild.

### Shell-Mex and BP

After a period working for the Asiatic Petroleum Company in Shanghai, Beddington became publicity manager for Shell UK in 1928. During the 1930s, Beddington worked as assistant general manager and director of publicity for Shell-Mex & BP, a joint marketing venture started in 1932 between Shell and BP. He employed a number of artists such as Paul Nash, John Piper, James Gardner and Graham Sutherland to produce artwork for Shell.
During this time, he spent a significant amount of money on producing films through the Shell Film Unit, on various topics. This unit was established by Edgar Anstey in 1934 as a result of a report written by documentary film-maker John Grierson about how Shell could make better use of film publicity. Rather than being direct advertising, the films produced served to promote a more positive image of Shell as existing for the public good rather than merely for profit. He also established, with John Betjeman, the 'Shell Guides' to English counties.

### Second World War

In April 1940, Beddington was appointed director of the Ministry of Information Films Division, replacing Kenneth Clark. He remained in this post until 1946.
In August 1940, he renamed the GPO Film Unit as the Crown Film Unit, with Ian Dalrymple as its head. This unit focused on the production of documentary films, which Beddington supported even in the face of opposition from the Select Committee on National Expenditure. Almost three-quarters of all films produced or commissioned by the Films Division between 1940 and 1945 were written, directed or produced by members of the documentary film movement, a group of film-makers brought together by John Grierson. Although many of these documentaries were for non-theatrical distribution, under Beddington's tenure, the Crown Film Unit produced such feature-length documentaries as Target for Tonight, Desert Victory and Western Approaches.
After the war, Beddington and Barnett Freedman helped launch the Lyons' Lithograph series. In 1957 he selected a series of 120 'Young Artists of Promise' for a book illustrating their work.
Jack Beddington’s medals to the right include the miniatures of the same below. The large blue neck decoration is the CBE – Commander of the Most Excellent Order of the British Empire awarded in 1943 for services to the war effort as a civilian. In the 3rd row of the top case are Carol Lobb’s (nee Beddington) WWII medals from serving as a code breaker at Bletchley Park. She was the daughter of Jack and Olivia.
# William J. Gallant

William J. Gallant (March 31, 1913 – January 30, 1964) was a Canadian politician. He served in the Legislative Assembly of New Brunswick from 1952 to 1960 as member of the Liberal party.
# Law enforcement in Austria

Law enforcement in Austria is the responsibility of the Directorate General for Public Security, a subdivision of the Federal Ministry of the Interior located at Herrengasse 7 in Vienna. Over 20,000 police officers are on duty in the Federal Police at more than 1,000 police stations. On lakes and rivers the federal police has over 70 boats and other craft to act as the water police.

## Law enforcement agencies
### Federal
#### Ministry of Defence

* Military Police (German: Militärpolizei): the military police of the Austrian Armed Forces

#### Ministry of Finance

* Financial Police (German: Finanzpolizei): the uniformed law enforcement arm of the Ministry of Finance
* Customs Service (German: Operative Zollaufsicht)

#### Ministry of the Interior

The Ministry of the Interior is responsible for:
* Federal Bureau of Anti-Corruption (German: Bundesamt zur Korruptionsprävention und Korruptionsbekämpfung)
* Directorate General for the Public Security (German: Generaldirektion für öffentliche Sicherheit (GDföS))
** Criminal Police Office (German: Bundeskriminalamt (BK))
** Federal Police (German: Bundespolizei): divided into 83 district police commands and 27 city police commands
** Einsatzkommando Cobra (EKO Cobra): federal SWAT and special forces unit
** Air Police (German: Flugpolizei): responsible for law enforcement in the air, including the provision of police helicopters

#### Ministry of Justice

* Judicial Guard (German: Justizwache): responsible for running prisons and providing security at court facilities

### State

In general, the nine States of Austria do not operate state law enforcement agencies, except in their specific areas of competence, namely nature conservation and wildlife protection.
* Tyrol
** Tyrolean Mountain Guards (German: Tiroler Bergwacht) enforce conservation and wildlife protection laws in the state of Tyrol.

### Municipalities

Some Austrian municipalities operate a form of municipal law enforcement agency. In some municipalities, this is known as the City Police (German: Stadtpolizei), or sometimes Community Police (German: Gemeindepolizei) or Community Security Guard (German: Gemeindesicherheitswache). In others, responsibility for policing lies with the federal government and municipalities cannot call these agencies "police", instead naming them "order offices" (German: Ordnungsamt, Ordnungswache), similar in function to a bylaw enforcement officer or code enforcement. In some cases, these organisations are established as private corporations, owned by the municipality, such as the Security Service (German: Ordnungsdienst) of Linz.

## Requirements for police officers

Police officers in Austria must meet certain requirements. These requirements include being at least 18 years of age, Austrian citizenship, an ability to act (not burdened by physical disability), impeccable reputation, Class B driver's licence, if conscripted to the armed forces, to have completed that conscription, and a swimming badge to prove swimming ability.
# Kosmos 19

Kosmos 19 (Russian: Космос 19 meaning Cosmos 19), also known as DS-P1 No.3 was a prototype radar target satellite for anti-ballistic missile tests, which was launched by the Soviet Union in 1963 as part of the Dnepropetrovsk Sputnik programme. Its primary mission was to demonstrate the necessary technologies for radar tracking of spacecraft, which would allow future satellites to function as targets.

## Spacecraft

It had a mass of 355 kilograms (783 lb). Its primary mission was to demonstrate the necessary technologies for radar tracking of spacecraft, which would allow future satellites to function as targets. It was a solar-powered satellite manufactured by Yuzhnoye.

## Mission

It was launched aboard a Kosmos-2I 63S1 rocket, from Mayak-2 at Kapustin Yar. The launch occurred at 06:00:00 GMT on 6 August 1963. Kosmos 19 was placed into a low Earth orbit with a perigee of 267 kilometres (166 mi), an apogee of 487 kilometres (303 mi), an inclination of 49.0°, and an orbital period of 92.2 minutes. It decayed from orbit on 30 March 1964.
Kosmos 19 was a prototype DS-P1 satellite, the third of four to be launched. It was preceded by the successful launch of Kosmos 6 on 30 June 1962, and a launch failure on 6 April 1963, and will be succeeded by Kosmos 25, which will be launched on 27 February 1964.
# Gran Paradiso (film)

Gran Paradiso is a 2000 German adventure film directed by Miguel Alexandre.

## Cast

* Ken Duken - Mark
* Regula Grauwiller - Lisa
* Gregor Törzs - Wolf
* Max Herbrechter - Martin
* Frank Giering - Edwin
* Erhan Emre - Rocky
* Alexander Hörbe - Harpo
* Antje Westermann - Rosi
* Gerhard Garbers - Gatterburg
* Monika Häckermann - Pflegerin
# Walmer Castle (ship)

Several vessels have been named Walmer Castle for Walmer Castle:
* Walmer Castle (1796 EIC ship) was an East Indiaman. She made nine voyages for the British East India Company. She then was a transport and was finally broken up in 1821.
* Walmer Castle (1836 ship) was launched at London as an East Indiaman. Until 1855 she sailed primarily to India, though she made at least two voyages carrying emigrants to Australia.
* Walmer Castle (1855 ship) was launched at Sunderland. She sailed between England and China, India, Australia, and Java. A fire on Christmas Day 1877 destroyed her.
* SS Walmer Castle (1872 ship), of 2,450 GRT, was launched at Glasgow. She became SS Valencia (1880), and then SS Gaw Quan Sia (1889). On 16 December 1889 she collided with SS Leerdam (ex-Nederland). Both vessels sank.
* RMS Walmer Castle was a passenger ship for Union-Castle Line, launched on 6 July 1901 and completed 20 February 1902. The British government requisitioned her in 1917 and she then served as a troop ship in the North Atlantic. She returned to mercantile service after the war and was scrapped in 1932.
* MV Walmer Castle was launched 17 September 1936 and completed 30 November as a cargo ship for Union-Castle Line. During WWII she became a convoy rescue ship. She was with Convoy OG 74 on 13 September 1941 when bombs from a German Condor bomber struck her. The damage to Walmer Castle was so extensive she had to be sunk by the convoy escorts.
# Independent Centre

The Independent Centre (Hebrew: המרכז העצמאי, HaMerkaz HaAtzma'i) was a political faction in Israel between 1975 and 1976.

## History

The faction was established by Eliezer Shostak and Ehud Olmert after they broke away from the Free Centre, a member of the Likud alliance, in 1974. The founding conference of the new faction, which remained part of the Likud, was held in February 1975.
In 1976 the Independent Centre merged with two other Likud factions, National List and the Movement for Greater Israel, to form La'am, which became the third largest faction within Likud. It later formally merged with Herut, Likud's largest faction, in 1984. The Free Centre later broke away from Likud and joined the Democratic Movement for Change.
# Mikhail Vilkov

Mikhail Fyodorovich Vilkov (Russian: Михаил Фёдорович Вилков; born 10 July 1979) is a Russian former professional football referee.
He was a FIFA referee from 2012 to 2018, he was not included in the FIFA International Referees List for 2019 or 2020. On 19 April 2021, the Referee Committee of the Russian Football Union announced that he has been banned from refereeing for life.
He played football in the Russian Amateur Football League from 1997 to 1999.
# G&SWR shipping services

This page describes the shipping services of the Glasgow and South Western Railway.

## Background

The Glasgow and South Western Railway operated a network of railways in the south-west quadrant of Scotland, and in time developed a series of associated piers and shipping routes, chiefly in the Firth of Clyde.

## Passenger ships

The G&SWR ran a fleet of passenger steamships on scheduled and excursion services from its various piers and harbours. In 1872 the Greenock and Ayrshire Railway Co bought the second-hand paddle steamer PS Marquis of Bute, dating from 1868. In 1891, the G&SWR took her over and bought five more second-hand steamers. Three of them came from the fleet of Captain Alexander Williamson: PS Sultan (launched in 1861); PS Sultana (launched in 1868) and PS Viceroy (launched in 1875). The others were PS Chancellor and PS Scotia (both launched in 1880).
Thereafter the G&SWR had various Clyde shipyards build new steamers to order. PS Glen Sannox was launched in 1892. PS Neptune and PS Mercury, who were sisters, were also launched that year. PS Minerva (1893) and her near-sister PS Glen Rosa were launched in 1893. With the delivery of the new ships the company sold Sultan in 1892 and Scotia in 1893. PS Jupiter was launched in 1896, the company sold Sultana in 1897 and PS Juno was launched in 1898 The company sold Chancellor in 1901 and PS Mars was launched in 1902 In 1904 the company bought a second-hand paddle-steamer, PS Vulcan (launched in 1897) and sold Marquis of Bute.
In 1901 the Parsons Marine Steam Turbine Company, shipbuilder William Denny and Brothers and passenger steamer operator Captain John Williamson formed the Turbine Steamer Syndicate. The G&SWR supported Williamson by guaranteeing his overdraft. The syndicate introduced the World's first turbine steamer, TS King Edward, which was launched that year. Denny built her, Parsons supplied her machinery and Williamson operated her on the River Clyde and Firth of Clyde. Despite this early involvement, it was not until 1906 that the G&SWR got a turbine steamer of its own, TS Atalanta, launched that year by John Brown and Company. After that the G&SWR sold Viceroy in 1907 and sold Vulcan back to her previous owner in 1908.
In the First World War, paddle steamers were found suitable for service as auxiliary minesweepers so the Admiralty requisitioned most of the G&SWR's fleet for war service. The steamers' names were changed because the Royal Navy already had warships bearing many of their original names. In 1917 two were lost on active service. In April Neptune, serving as HMS Nepaulin, was sunk by a mine and in November Mars, serving as HMS Marsa, sank as a result of a collision off Harwich. Minerva survived the war but did not return to the G&SWR. She remained with the Admiralty until April 1920 and was sold to new owners in Turkey in 1924.
# Jesenice, Brežice

Jesenice (pronounced; sometimes also Jesenice na Dolenjskem, German: Jessenitz) is a settlement on the right bank of the Sava River in the Municipality of Brežice in eastern Slovenia, right on the border with Croatia. The area is part of the traditional region of Lower Carniola. During the Second World War it was one of five Slovene settlements annexed by the Independent State of Croatia. It is now included in the Lower Sava Statistical Region.
The local church is dedicated to Mary Magdalene and belongs to the Parish of Velika Dolina. It was built in the mid-16th century. It also contains Mokrice Castle, now run as a hotel and golf course.
# Guariba Extractive Reserve

The Guariba Extractive Reserve (Portuguese: Reserva Extrativista do Guariba) is an extractive reserve in the state of Amazonas, Brazil.

## Location

The Guariba Extractive Reserve is divided between the municipalities of Novo Aripuanã (28.31%) and Apuí (71.69%) in the state of Amazonas. It covers 150,465 hectares (371,810 acres). The reserve's southern boundary is the border with the state of Mato Grosso. It adjoins the Guariba-Roosevelt Extractive Reserve in Mato Grosso. To the west to adjoins the Guariba State Park and the Manicoré State Forest. To the north it adjoins the Campos Amazônicos National Park. To the east it adjoins the Aripuanã State Forest. The Guariba River, a tributary of the Aripuanã River, runs through the reserve from south to north.
The accumulated deforestation by 2010 totalled 98 hectares (240 acres), or 0.07% of the total area. No deforestation was detected in the five years from creation of the reserve in 2005.

## History

The Guariba Extractive Reserve was created by Amazonas state governor decree 25.040 of 2 June 2005. The conservation unit is supported by the Amazon Region Protected Areas Program.
The Apuí Mosaic was created by decree 55 of 12 March 2010 under the responsibility of CEUC in the border region between the states of Amazonas, Mato Grosso and Pará. The mosaic contains the Guariba and Sucunduri State Parks; Bararati and Aripuanã sustainable development reserves; Guariba Extractive Reserve; and Sucunduri, Aripuanã, Apuí and Manicoré state forests. The Southern Amazon Mosaic of conservation units in the region between the states of Amazonas, Mato Grosso and Rondônia was recognised by the federal environment ministry by ordnance 332 of 25 August 2011. It includes the Guariba Extractive Reserve and other units of the Apuí Mosaic