# Vinyl banner

Vinyl banners are a form of banners made of vinyl. The most commonly used material is PVC (polyvinyl chloride). Most banners are now digitally printed on large format inkjet printers which are capable of printing a full color outdoor billboard on a single piece of material. They are used for outdoor advertising.

## Description

A vinyl banner is a banner that is made of vinyl.

## Materials

The most commonly used material is a heavy weight vinyl known as PVC (polyvinyl chloride). The weights of the different banner substrates range from as light as 9 ounces per square yard (310 g/m$^2$) to as heavy as 22 oz/sq yd (750 g/m$^2$), and may be double- or single-sided. Large banners (which can be so large that they cover the side of a building) are usually printed on a special mesh pvc material so that some wind can pass through them.
Grommets (eyelets) can also be added in order to facilitate hanging of the banner. A high frequency weld, stitching, or banner hem tape are also used to fasten the hems neatly, and provide the insertion of grommets/eyelets.

## Printing

Most banners are now digitally printed on large format inkjet printers which are capable of printing a full color outdoor billboard on a single piece of material.
There are various types of vinyl banner. Their useful life typically ranges from 3–5 years.
* Digitally printed banners: printed with aqueous (water-based), eco-solvent, solvent-based inks or UV-curable inkjet inks. The latter three types tend to contain durable pigments, which provide superior weather and UV-fading resistance. Large format inkjet printers are usually used, usually manufactured by companies such as HP, EFi Vutek, Mimaki, Roland, Mutoh, or one of many Chinese or Korean manufacturers. Very large banners may be produced using "grand format inkjet printers" of >3,000 m (9,800 ft) width, or computer-controlled airbrush devices which print the ink directly onto the banner material. Some of the fastest wide and grand format inkjet printers are capable of printing up to 3,000 square feet (280 m$^2$) per hour.
* Vinyl lettered banners: produced by applying individual elements cut from self-adhesive vinyl by a computer-driven vinyl cutter. This method is now uncommon with the advent of large format printing.
* Screenprinted: produced using screenprinting, in which different colors are laid down one at a time using screens comprising an imaged stencil, through which the screen printing ink passes. Screen printing may be done on hand benches, single / dual colour machines, or on high-performance multi-colour screen presses which can print at about 1,200 sq yd (1,000 m$^2$) per hour plus. Screenprinting is usually reserved for large quantities of the same banner due to cost-effectiveness, but is closely matched and even surpassed by digitally printed banners.
* Painted: hand-painted graphics and lettering. These type of banners are uncommon with the advent of modern printing.

## Finishing

A quality vinyl banner will also use an outside hem to ensure that grommets are secured properly. In windy conditions, if Grommets are not fastened into the hem of a vinyl banner, these grommet holes will easily tear out of the banner. Banner hem tapes are also used as decorative trim and to prevent delamination and lifting of vinyl hems.
* Hems: the most common form of finishing for vinyl banners. Hems allow for the more secure insertion of grommets or eyelets which allow the banner to be fixed or hung.
* Eyelets: (or grommets) are small (typically 12.5 mm (0.49 in) diameter inner) metal rings secured into the banner hem which allow rope, clips or bungee cord to be attached to the banner to aid fixing. Grommets are the nickel holes that enable the banner to be hung on fence posts, walls, or on the side of buildings.
* Pole pockets: vinyl banners can be finished with pole pockets, usually at the top and/or bottom where a loop is made from the same continuous material and fixed to the back of the banner by a high frequency weld, stitching or banner hem tape. This is common on scaffold banners where a scaffold pole is slid through to secure the banner on site. Hung banners can have a pole pocket at the bottom to hold a weighted bar which can add tension to the display and prevent it from billowing up.

## Applications

Vinyl banners have many uses and applications. The banners are used for outdoor advertising. They are most often used to promote a company's logo, a special promotion, event, team, or school. Since vinyl is a very flexible as well as portable material, vinyl banners can be used in most places. Vinyl banners are commonly seen as billboards, table banners, trade show banners, building banners, street banners, festival banners, as well as stadium flags.