OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Elias Levenberg

Elias Levenberg (Latvian: Eliass (Elja) Lēvenbergs, Yiddish: אליהו לעוונבערג, German: Elias Lewenberg; 25 (18) July 1903, in Tartu – 1941 or 1942, in Latvia), was a Jewish teacher and folklorist in Tartu, Estonia.

## Biography and family

Elias Levenberg was born in Tartu into family of Chaye Sore Levenberg, who originated from Vidzy, and Samuel Chaim-Leib Levenberg. As show Levenberg's collector's remarks in his folklore records, in 1908–1912 the family lived in Tartu, and in 1915–1918 in Riga where he finished elementary school and Jewish middle school.
In 1927 Levenberg settled in Tartu, perhaps, with his mother and with his wife Zisla (Sisla) Leveberg (Shver). On 4 April 1930 she gave birth to a son Sīmanis (Simon) in Riga. In Tartu also lived Levenberg's aunt B. Usharov.
In 1927 Levenberg entered the faculty of Law of Tartu university. 2 September 1927 he passed the test of Estonian, required to be accepted to the university. The test was administrated and scored by Johannes Aavik, an experimentalist modernizer of Estonian language, who was a language inspector at that time. Yet, the same year Levenberg moved to the faculty of Philosophy, which he did not finish; at least in annual lists of actual students his name is mentioned during 1930–1934, 1933–1935 and 1936–1938 years.
From 1 September 1927 Elias Levenberg started to teach Yiddish language and literature in the Jewish elementary school in Tartu (Tartu linna 17 (juudi) algkool), and in Jewish private school (Juudi Erarealkool) and continued at least till 1939. Besides that he taught English and singing.
Living in Estonia Levenberg remained a Latvian citizen. In 1939 he appealed for Estonian citizenship, but his appeal was dismissed.
Since 1939 Levenberg lived in Riga and was murdered in Latvia in 1941 or 1942.

## Contribution to folkloristics

In Tartu university Levenberg was taught folkloristics by Walter Anderson, who invented and popularised the gathering of self-records from school children. Following this model Levenberg started in 1929 to gather from pupils of Jewish elementary school's 4–6 grades self-records of beliefs, jokes, songs and alike for Estonian Folklore Archives, where was created a special fond for Jewish collections: ERA Juudi 1 and ERA Juudi 2.
Later he added to the Archives materials recorded from his mother, records from various people and self-records. From 1929 till 1935 he wrote down and contributed to Estonian Folklore Archives more than 800 items of Jewish Yiddish folklore, which is the biggest personal contribution within collections. In a public report in 1931 Levenberg was named among most active collectors of the Estonian Folklore Archives.
# Les Moutiers-en-Retz

Les Moutiers-en-Retz (French pronunciation: , literally Les Moutiers in Retz; Breton: Mousteroù-Raez) is a commune in the Loire-Atlantique department in western France.

## Climate

The climate which characterises the town was classified, in 2010, as a “frank oceanic climate” (French: climat océanique franc), according to the typology of climates of France [fr] which identified eight major types of climates in metropolitan France. In 2020, the town was classified as having an “oceanic climate” type using the classification established by Météo-France, which only has five main types of climates for mainland France. This type of climate is characterised by mild temperatures and relatively abundant rainfall (in conjunction with disturbances from the Atlantic), distributed throughout the year with a slight maximum from October to February.
The climatic parameters which made it possible to establish the 2010 typology include six variables for temperature and eight for precipitation, the values of which correspond to the monthly data for the 1971–2000 norm. The seven main variables characterising the municipality are presented in the box below.
* Municipal climatic parameters over the period 1971–2000
* Average annual temperature: 12.3°C
* Number of days with a temperature below −5°C  : 1.1 days
* Number of days with a temperature above 30°C  : 3.3 days
* Annual thermal amplitude: 13°C
* Annual cumulative precipitation: 714mm
* Number of days of precipitation in January: 12.1 days
* Number of days of precipitation in July: 6.1 days
These variables have evolved with climate change. A study carried out in 2014 by the General Directorate of Energy and Climate [fr], supplemented by regional studies, indeed predicts that the average temperature should increase and the average rainfall decrease, but with strong regional variations. These changes have been recorded on the nearest Météo-France meteorological station in Pornic, in service since 1919, 10km north of Moutiers-en-Retz, where the mean annual temperature is 13°C and the rainfall is 738.1 mm for the period 1981–2010. At the next closest historical meteorological station, "Nantes-Bouguenais", 31 km east inland of Moutiers-en-Retz in the town of Bouguenais, operational since 1945, the annual average temperature changes by 12.2 °C for the period 1971–2000, 12.5 °C for 1981–2010, then 12.7 °C for 1991–2020.

## Transport

Les Moutiers-en-Retz station is served by train services between Pornic and Nantes.
# Tiningnertok

Tiningnertok (Danish: Apostelen Tommelfinger, meaning 'Thumb of the Apostle') is a mountain in King Frederick VI Coast, Kujalleq municipality, southern Greenland.
This mountain is popular among mountaineers, especially its Northeast Face, but it is of difficult access for it lies in an isolated area where climatic conditions are often rough. Its granite walls are similar to Ketil's.

## Geography

Tiningnertok is a massive 2,291.48 m (7,518.0 ft) ultra-prominent mountain with multiple peaks at the top. It rises steeply from the shore east of small Tininnertooq Bay on the northern side of the middle section of Lindenow Fjord (Kangerlussuatsiaq), west of the mouth of the Nørrearm branch of the fjord. Akuliarusersuaq is another massive peak rising barely 3 km to the southeast at 60°34′13″N 43°44′4″W﻿ / ﻿60.57028°N 43.73444°W﻿ / 60.57028; -43.73444 to a height of 1,534.67 m (5,035.0 ft).

## History

The history of mountaineering in Southeast Greenland began quite recently. In 1971 members of the French Club Alpin of Paris reached the base of the Apostelen Tommelfinger by helicopter, but had to desist following a number of accidents and other problems. Two years later, in 1973, an Italian group of mountaineers also experienced failure while trying to climb this remote peak. Finally the 1976 expedition led by Frenchman Sylvain Jouty succeeded in climbing Tiningnertok.
# Hupia

In Taíno culture, the hupia (also opia, opi'a, op'a, operi'to) is the spirit of a person who has died.
In Taíno spiritual beliefs, hupias (ghost spirits of those who had died) were contrasted with goeiza, spirits of the living. While a living goieza had definite form, after passing away the spirit was released as a hupia and went to live in a remote earthly paradise called Coaybay. Hupias were believed to be able to assume many forms, sometimes appearing as faceless people or taking the form of a deceased loved one. Hupias in human form could always be distinguished by their lack of a navel. Hupias were also associated with bats and said to hide or sleep during the day and come out at night to eat guava fruit.

## Concept of the Hupias or Ghost Spirits

On the matter of what the Tainos believed as to the Hupia (Ghost Spirit). The Taino people never believed in the concept and or idea of Death, as they believed in passing on of the human spirit and an Hereafter life. The Spanish historians and writers of the time however gave their own bias religious interpretation based upon their own Catholic and Christian ideas and or concepts of Death and as to the soul of the humans going to some place they call Heaven and the soul awaiting a day of judgement by their God.

## In popular culture

In the novel Jurassic Park by Michael Crichton, hupia are suspected of an attack on an 18-year-old boy working on construction for Jurassic Park on the fictional island of Isla Nublar. The culprit is later described as a Velociraptor. Hupia are also accused of a rash of attacks on infants and other people in rural Costa Rica. They are described as "faceless night ghosts who kidnapped small children". Later events show that the real culprits were Procompsognathus that had escaped from Isla Nublar.
# Emam Kandi, Anzal

Emam Kandi (Persian: امامكندي, also Romanized as Emām Kandī and Emāmkandī) is a village in Anzal-e Jonubi Rural District, Anzal District, Urmia County, West Azerbaijan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 366, in 71 families.
# Grace Hayes

Grace Hayes (August 3, 1895 – February 1, 1989) was an American actress, singer, vaudeville entertainer and nightclub owner.
Hayes owned the Grace Hayes Lodge in the San Fernando Valley in Los Angeles, California, and later the Las Vegas nightclub, the Red Rooster which she renamed the Grace Hayes Lodge, that was frequented by Howard Hughes and Bugsy Siegel. She is the mother of Peter Lind Hayes and mother-in-law to Mary Healy. She appeared in Zis Boom Bah (1941) in which she played herself, her son and daughter-in-law also appeared in the film; as well as other films. Hayes also appeared on Broadway.

## Early life

Hayes was born in Springfield, Missouri, but moved to California when she was ten years old. She married Joseph Lind Sr. in 1912, when she was 17. In 1915 their son, Joseph Conrad Lind was born, later he became known as Peter Lind Hayes. In 1917, Lind Sr. died. After Lind's death, Hayes married Charlie Foy and later Robert Evans Hopkins.

## Career

Hayes began singing in nightclubs when she was fourteen years old. She teamed up with Neville Fleeson and performed at The Palace in New York, and later added her son, Peter Lind Hayes, to the act. She appeared in many Broadway shows including A Night in Spain.
Hayes opened a nightclub called the Grace Hayes Lodge in Los Angeles, CA. Hayes moved to Las Vegas, Nevada in 1947, where she purchased the Red Rooster and later renamed it as the Grace Hayes Lodge, which was frequented by Howard Hughes and Bugsy Siegel, among other legendary figures.

## Filmography
### Film

| Year | Title | Role | Notes |
| 1929 | Grace Hayes and Neville Fleeson in 'Diamond Til' (Short) | Diamond Til/Singer | Film Debut |
| 1930 | King of Jazz | Third Reporter ('Ladies of the Press') / Rough Wife ('Do Things for You') | |
| 1933 | Hello Pop (Short) | Miss Hayes | |
| 1933 | Myrt and Marge | Grace | |
| 1933 | Rainbow Over Broadway | Trixie Valleron | |
| 1936 | Maid for a Day (Short) | Grace Hayden | |
| 1939 | Babes in Arms | Florrie Moran | |
| 1941 | Zis Boom Bah | Grace Hayes | |
| 1942 | When Johnnie Comes Marching Home | Orchestra Violinist | |
| 1949 | Always Leave Them Laughing | Mrs. Gracie Kennedy Washburn | |
| 1950 | Cage | Mugging Matron | |

### Theatre

| Year | Title |
| 1922-23 | The Bunch and Judy |
| 1926 | The Merry World |
| 1927 | A Night in Spain |
| 1930-31 | Ballyhoo of 1930 |
| 1932 | A Little Racketeer |
# Aha Oe Feii?

Aha Oe Feii? or Are You Jealous? (French: Eh quoi ! Tu es jalouse ?) is an oil-on-canvas painting by Paul Gauguin from 1892, based on a real-life episode during his stay on Tahiti which he later described in the diary Noa Noa: "On the shore two sisters are lying after bathing, in the graceful poses of resting animals; they speak of yesterday's love and tomorrow's conquests. The recollection causes them to quarrel, "What? Are you jealous?" Gauguin titled the painting in Tahitian language, Aha Oe Feii?, in the lower left corner of the canvas.
The painting evokes a sense of Pacific paradise in which sexual relations are playful and harmless. According to Professor Peter Toohey, "this jealousy is not the product of a threat to an exclusive sexual relationship or jilted love affair – it is the result of one of the sisters having enjoyed more sex than the other the night before". In a letter to his friend from 1892, Gauguin wrote about the painting: "I think this is the best of what I've made so far".
The painting is housed in the Pushkin Museum, Moscow, Russia.
# Des Moines Daily News

Des Moines Daily News was a daily newspaper published in Des Moines, Iowa, between 1881 and 1908.

## Notable people

* Ella Hamilton Durley (died 1922), reporter and editorial and special writer
# African Transformation Movement

The African Transformation Movement (ATM) is a political party in South Africa. It is led by Vuyolwethu Zungula, leader and party president. It was formed with the backing of the South African Council of Messianic Churches in Christ (SACMCC), which together are supported by millions of congregants.

## Policy

In January 2019, it was announced that the party, if brought to power, would return the death penalty and scrap low pass marks in public schools.
Mzwanele Manyi, the former chief of policy and strategy for the ATM, further states that the party plans to bring about capital punishment regardless of the constitution not consenting to such matters. Manyi claims that this is due to South Africa being abused as a "haven" for people who commit crimes and need a place to evade the law.
In December 2021, the party said that it opposed mandatory vaccinations against COVID-19.
Following the 2024 South African general election, the party joined the Progressive Caucus, a left-wing parliamentary faction which includes the Economic Freedom Fighters and uMkhonto weSizwe parties.

## Election results

The party contested its first elections in 2019, winning two seats nationally, as well as one each in the Eastern Cape and KwaZulu-Natal legislatures.

### National Assembly elections

| Election | Party leader | Total votes | Share of vote | Seats | +/– | Government |
| 2019 | Vuyolwethu Zungula | 76,830 | 0.44% | 2 / 400 | New | Opposition |
| 2024 | Vuyolwethu Zungula | 63,554 | 0.40% | 2 / 400 | 0 | Opposition |
* ↑ From 2024, seats in the National Assembly are determined by a combination of the national ballot, and the nine regional ballots. Only the national ballot figures are shown here.

### Provincial elections

| Election | Eastern Cape | Eastern Cape | Free State | Free State | Gauteng | Gauteng | Kwazulu-Natal | Kwazulu-Natal | Limpopo | Limpopo | Mpumalanga | Mpumalanga | North-West | North-West | Northern Cape | Northern Cape | Western Cape | Western Cape |
| Election | % | Seats | % | Seats | % | Seats | % | Seats | % | Seats | % | Seats | % | Seats | % | Seats | % | Seats |
| 2019 | 1.52% | 1/63 | 0.78% | 0/30 | 0.25% | 0/73 | 0.49% | 1/80 | 0.28% | 0/49 | 0.61% | 0/30 | 0.39% | 0/33 | 0.24% | 0/30 | 0.24% | 0/42 |
| 2024 | 1.55% | 1/73 | 0.71% | 0/30 | 0.29% | 0/80 | 0.18% | 0/80 | 0.09% | 0/64 | 0.43% | 0/51 | 0.16% | 0/38 | 0.10% | 0/30 | 0.28% | 0/42 |

### Municipal elections

| Election | Votes | % | Seats |
| 2021 | 189,943 | 0.62% | 53 |
# Procolophon

Procolophon (from Greek: πρό pró, 'before' and Greek: κολοφών kolophṓn, 'summit') is a genus of lizard-like procolophonid parareptiles that first appeared in the Early Triassic (Induan) of South Africa, Brazil, and Antarctica. It persisted through the Permian–Triassic extinction event, but went extinct in the beginning of the Early Middle Triassic. The type species is P. trigoniceps.

## History of discovery

The first Procolophon fossil was discovered in the 1870s in Donnybrook, an area southwest of Pietermaritzburg in present-day Kwa-Zulu Natal of South Africa. The fossil was accessioned to Harry Seeley, who described the fossil in 1878. Numerous other fossils have been recovered since from localities across the Eastern Cape and Free State provinces of South Africa.

## Description

Procolophon reached a length up to 30 centimetres (12 in), and is considered to have been a small herbivore or insectivore. The skull of Procolophon is distinct because of its latero-posteriorly facing paired cheek spikes, along with spiked dermal ossicles. Paleontologists debate the function of the cheek spikes. Some paleontologists posit that the bony protrusions were points for muscle attachments. Procolophon also had large eyes, and may have had acute night vision. Its teeth were peg-like and suitable for crushing plant matter. The front of the skull was short and blunt with the nasal opening very close to the mouth.

## Classification

Procolophon is a basal member of Procolophonidae, a clade of parareptiles that are closely related to larger, more derived parareptiles such as the pareiasaur, Bradysaurus. Procolophonids are also related to mesosaurids and millerettids. Procolophon was considered to share a sister-taxon relationship with Tichvinskia, a procolophonid from the lower Triassic of Russia.
The cladogram below follows a phylogenetic analysis by Modesto and Damiani (2007) in which Procolophon is defined in polytomy with Thelerpeton and Leptopleuroninae:
In their phylogenetic analyses, Butler et al. (2023) defined Procolophon as a sister taxon to Teratophon and Thelerpeton or only to Teratophon within Procolophoninae. The results are shown in two cladograms below:

## Correlation

Procolophon occupied a wide geographic range. Fossils of the genus were found in the Lystrosaurus Assemblage Zone of the Katberg and Normandien Formations of South Africa, to the Sanga do Cabral Formation of the Paraná Basin in eastern Brazil, to the Fremouw Formation of the Transantarctic Mountains. Numerous subspecies and sister taxa are also found in the lower Triassic (Induan) of Germany, North America, and Russia.
# Mark Ryutin

Mark Ryutin (Russian: Марк Рютин; born 26 March 1988 in Russia) is a Russian retired footballer who last played for Thisted in Denmark.

## Career

Ryutin started his senior career with Zaria Bălți. In 2010, he signed for Gagauziya-Oguzsport in the Moldovan National Division, where he made eight league appearances and scored zero goals. After that, he played for Skála ÍF, Vendsyssel FF, and Thisted.
# Thomas Taylor (Canadian politician)

Thomas Taylor (February 4, 1865 – April 26, 1947) was a businessman and political figure in British Columbia. He represented West Kootenay-Revelstoke from 1900 to 1903 and Revelstoke from 1903 to 1916 as a Conservative in the Legislative Assembly of British Columbia.
He was born in London, Canada West, the son of Thomas Taylor and Anne Talbot, and was educated there. Taylor then articled in law in London for two years. In 1885, he moved to Winnipeg and then came to British Columbia in 1888, settling in Revelstoke in 1900. Taylor married Georgie Larson in 1895. He served in the provincial cabinet as Minister of Public Works from December 1908 to December 1915 and then again between March and November 1916, as Minister of Railways from March 1911 to December 1915 and then again between March and November 1916, as Minister of Education between December 1915 and June 1916, and as Provincial Secretary between December 1915 and June 1916. Taylor was defeated by William Henry Sutherland when he ran for reelection in 1916. He died in Vancouver at the age of 82.
Mount Tom Taylor was named in his honour. Taylor had played an important role in the development of Strathcona Provincial Park while serving as Minister of Public Works.
# Eastern Administrative Okrug

Eastern Administrative Okrug (Russian: Восто́чный администрати́вный о́круг, romanized: Vostochny administrativny okrug), or Vostochny Administrative Okrug, is one of the twelve high-level territorial divisions (administrative okrugs) of the federal city of Moscow, Russia. As of the 2010 Census, its population was 1,452,759, up from 1,394,497 recorded during the 2002 Census.

## Territorial divisions

The administrative okrug comprises the following sixteen districts:
* Bogorodskoye
* Veshnyaki
* Vostochnoye Izmaylovo
* Vostochny
* Golyanovo
* Ivanovskoye
* Izmaylovo
* Kosino-Ukhtomsky
* Metrogorodok
* Novogireyevo
* Novokosino
* Perovo
* Preobrazhenskoye
* Severnoye Izmaylovo
* Sokolinaya gora
* Sokolniki
# Joint Graduate School of Energy and Environment

The Joint Graduate School of Energy and Environment (JGSEE) (Thai: บัณฑิตวิทยาลัยร่วมด้านพลังงานและสิ่งแวดล้อม) is an autonomous graduate school, operating as a consortium of five Thai universities. Established in 1998, it aims to be an internationally recognized premier centre in graduate education and research in the fields of energy and environmental technologies. The school receives funding from the Thai government through the CHE–ADB Higher Education Development Project and the Energy Conservation Promotion Fund of Thailand's Ministry of Energy.

## Consortium

The school operates as a consortium involving King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi with partners from
* King Mongkut's Institute of Technology North Bangkok
* Chiang Mai University
* Sirindhorn International Institute of Technology at Thammasat University
* Prince of Songkhla University

## Academic programs

JGSEE offers three study programs leading to the degrees of :
* Master of Science (MSc)
* Master of Engineering (MEng)
* Research-based Master of Philosophy (MPhil)
* Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
All programs are conducted in English by highly qualified local and international academic staff. The school operates on a bi-semester basis. Having completed the first semester of course work, students may choose to undertake their thesis study at any of the five partner institutions.
# Bobingen station

Bobingen station (German: Bahnhof Bobingen) is a railway station in the municipality of Bobingen, in Bavaria, Germany. It is located at the junction of the Augsburg–Buchloe and Bobingen–Landsberg am Lech lines of Deutsche Bahn.

## Services

As of the December 2021 timetable change, the following services stop at Bobingen:
* RE 79: hourly service between Augsburg and Kempten (Allgäu).
* RE 7/17: limited service between Augsburg and Lindau-Reutin or Oberstdorf.
* RB 69: hourly service between Augsburg and Kaufering; some trains continue from Kaufering to Landsberg (Lech).
* RB 77: hourly service between Augsburg and Füssen.
# Hyposmocoma subargentea

Hyposmocoma subargentea is a species of moth of the family Cosmopterigidae. It was first described by Lord Walsingham in 1907. It is endemic to the Hawaiian island of Kauai.