OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Arieh Lubin

Arieh Lubin (Hebrew: אריה לובין, 1897–1980) was an Israeli artist.

## Biography

Arieh (Leo) Lubin began to study art in Chicago in 1915, but left to join the Jewish Brigade in World War I. After the war, he studied in Europe and returned to Israel in 1922.

## Artistic style

Lubin's work reflects contemporary trends of the 1920s. His main influences were Paul Cézanne, Pablo Picasso, and Henri Matisse. He absorbed the Cubism of Derain and the Purism of Le Corbusier and Ozenfant by reading "L'Esprit Nouveau", a journal he ordered from Paris. Lubin was one of the first Israeli artists to settle in the artists quarter of Safed.
Lubin died in Tel Aviv in 1980. He is buried in Trumpeldor Cemetery.

## Awards and recognition

* 1922 John Quincy Adams Prize for Study Abroad
* 1956 Ramat Gan Panorama Prize
* 1957 Olympic Committee Prize for Sports Subjects
* 1957 Dizengoff Prize
* 1978 Worthy of Tel Aviv
# Dugit

Dugit (Hebrew: דּוּגִית, lit. dinghy) was an Israeli settlement located in the northern tip of the Gaza Strip closest to the shore of the Mediterranean Sea in a mini-settlement bloc including Elei Sinai and Nisanit. While Dugit was under the municipal authority of the Hof Aza Regional Council it was not physically in the Gush Katif bloc where the bulk of the Gush Katif settlements were located.

## History

The non-religious village was founded in May 1990 by a group of three families of fishermen close to the Shikma Beach with the assistance of the Amana settlement organization. These families, and others that joined later on, lived in trailers for about ten years until permanent homes were built. Another building expansion project was already in advanced planning stages.

## Economy

The main source of income was from the sea: fishing, rescue services, fish ponds, tourism, fish restaurants, etc.

## Unilateral Disengagement

Unlike virtually all the other settlements slated for destruction as part of the disengagement plan, whose inhabitants were forcibly evicted by the Israeli Army and Israeli Police, the families of Dugit chose to co-operate with the eviction orders and most had already packed and abandoned their homes before the official date.

## Rebuilding attempts

Avi Farhan from Elei Sinai and a part of his family established a new group including families from Dugit and Nisanit with hope to establish a new community. The government agreed in 2006 to acclimatize this group in Palmachim. The plan was then changed to resettle in the Givat Olga beach neighbourhood of Hadera. As of 2009, Neve Yam is attempting a rejuvenation project by attracting these families by allotting them land adjacent to the sea for permanent housing. The new project would give the evictees a housing and employment solution similar to that of their original homes. The Israel Union for Environmental Defense is struggling to prevent the project it deems is too close to the beach.

## 2023 Israel-Hamas War

The site of Dugit was recaptured by the IDF following the invasion of its ground forces into the Gaza Strip on October 27, 2023. Their entry into Dugit was part of a pincer move to surround Gaza City, located to the south of Dugit.
# Roland Anderson

Roland Anderson (November 18, 1903 – October 29, 1989) was an American movie art director. He received 15 Academy Award nominations but never won an Oscar. Anderson's first Oscar nomination was for his first film in 1933, A Farewell to Arms. A frequent collaborator with Cecil B. DeMille, he worked on Cleopatra (1934), The Buccaneer (1938) and North West Mounted Police (1940), as well as such other classics as Holiday Inn (1942), Road to Utopia (1946), Son of Paleface (1952) and Will Penny (1967).
Those 15 nominations were for:
* A Farewell to Arms (1933)
* The Lives of a Bengal Lancer (1935)
* Souls at Sea (1937)
* North West Mounted Police (1940)
* Take a Letter Darling (1942)
* Reap the Wild Wind (1942)
* Love Letters (1945)
* Carrie (1952)
* The Country Girl (1954)
* Red Garters (1954)
* It Started in Naples (1960)
* Breakfast at Tiffany's (1961)
* The Pigeon That Took Rome (1962)
* Love with the Proper Stranger (1963)
* Come Blow Your Horn (1963)
# Niphona stoetzneri

Niphona stoetzneri is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Stephan von Breuning in 1938. The species is named after Walther Stötzner who led an expedition into China during which the first described specimens were collected.
# Queen Charlotte Strait

Queen Charlotte Strait is a strait between Vancouver Island and the mainland of British Columbia, Canada. It connects Queen Charlotte Sound with Johnstone Strait and Discovery Passage and via them to the Strait of Georgia and Puget Sound. It forms part of the Inside Passage from Washington to Alaska. The term Queen Charlotte Strait is also used to refer to the general region and its many communities, notably of the Kwakwakaʼwakw peoples. Despite its name, Queen Charlotte Strait does not lie between Haida Gwaii (Queen Charlotte Islands) and the mainland; that body of water is named Hecate Strait.

## Etymology

Queen Charlotte Sound was named by James Strange on August 5, 1786, in honour of Queen Charlotte, the consort of King George III. Strange was the leader of a fur trading expedition of two vessels, the Captain Cook, under Captain Henry Lawrie, and the Experiment, under Captain John Guise. During a boat excursion up Goletas Channel, Strange saw an opening ahead and named it Queen Charlotte Sound. The body of water he named was what is today known as Queen Charlotte Strait.
For some time Queen Charlotte Strait was also called Queen Charlotte Sound, until 1920 when the BCGNIS and Hydrographic Service distinguished between Queen Charlotte Sound and Queen Charlotte Strait. George Vancouver, who used the name in his maps and writings, wrote that the sound was named by Mr. S. Wedgeborough, in command of the Experiment under James Strange, but this is probably a mistake.

## Geography

According to the BC Geographical Names, the northern boundary of Queen Charlotte Strait is defined as a line running Cape Sutil, at the north end of Vancouver Island, to Cape Caution on the mainland. The southern end of Queen Charlotte Strait is described as "several narrow channels north and east of Malcolm Island".
The strait lies between the mainland and Vancouver Island portions of the Regional District of Mount Waddington, a form of regional municipal governance with power over zoning, building and sewer permits and inter-municipal integration. Most communities in the region, however, are Indian reserve communities of the Kwakwakaʼwakw peoples which are outside the jurisdiction of regional district governance. The traditional territories of most of the various Kwakwaka'wakw peoples overlap in the strait, which is a vital fishery resource and transportation link between their communities.
# Mona, Iowa

Mona is an unincorporated community and census-designated place in Mitchell County, Iowa, United States. As of the 2020 census the population of Mona was 35.

## History

Mona got its start in 1869, following construction of the Illinois Central Railroad through that territory. Mona was platted May 30, 1870, in sections 11 and 14, by Mary C. Agard, Benjamin Agard, Edward Gregory, and Charles Gregory.
Mona had one school building, with an enrollment of 56 students, with two teachers, in 1917.
Around that time, Mona had begun to decline in importance when most railroading business had been transferred to Lyle, Minnesota, across the Iowa-Minnesota border.

## Geography

Mona is located in the northern portion of Mitchell County; the community's northern border is the Minnesota state line. The city of Lyle, Minnesota, abuts Mona to the north. U.S. Route 218 runs along the northeast edge of the community, leading south 8 miles (13 km) to St. Ansgar, the post office serving Mona, and 20 miles (32 km) to Osage, the Mitchell county seat. To the north US 218 leads 13 miles (21 km) to Austin, Minnesota.
According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the Mona CDP has an area of 2.28 square miles (5.91 km$^2$), all land. Otter Creek runs through the east side of the community, flowing southwest to the Cedar River at Otranto.

## Demographics
### 2020 census

As of the census of 2020, there were 35 people, 13 households, and 9 families residing in the community. The population density was 15.4 inhabitants per square mile (5.9/km$^2$). There were 19 housing units at an average density of 8.4 per square mile (3.2/km$^2$). The racial makeup of the community was 91.4% White, 2.9% Black or African American, 0.0% Native American, 0.0% Asian, 2.9% Pacific Islander, 0.0% from other races and 2.9% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino persons of any race comprised 0.0% of the population.
Of the 13 households, 15.4% of which had children under the age of 18 living with them, 61.5% were married couples living together, 0.0% were cohabitating couples, 7.7% had a female householder with no spouse or partner present and 30.8% had a male householder with no spouse or partner present. 30.8% of all households were non-families. 30.8% of all households were made up of individuals, 7.7% had someone living alone who was 65 years old or older.
The median age in the community was 58.5 years. 25.7% of the residents were under the age of 20; 0.0% were between the ages of 20 and 24; 20.0% were from 25 and 44; 17.1% were from 45 and 64; and 37.1% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the community was 54.3% male and 45.7% female.
# Antun Ivanković

Antun Ivanković (born 25 March 1939) is a Croatian rower. He competed in the men's coxless pair event at the 1960 Summer Olympics.
# Yadegar, Razavi Khorasan

Yadegar (Persian: يادگار, also Romanized as Yādegār; also known as Kozma and Yadgah) is a village in Dowlatkhaneh Rural District, Bajgiran District, Quchan County, Razavi Khorasan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 440, in 125 families.
# James Russell (New Brunswick politician)

James Russell (November 15, 1824 – November 21, 1915) was a second generation farmer and respected political figure in New Brunswick, Canada. He represented Charlotte County in the Legislative Assembly of New Brunswick from 1886 to 1899, first as an independent and later as a Liberal member. Unsuccessful in his first attempt at a by-election on March 14, 1871, and defeated at the general election of 1882, he once again offered and was elected in 1886, and was subsequently returned to the Provincial Legislature in 1890, 1892, 1895, and again in 1899 and sat as a member until the dissolution of the house in 1903. He retired from political life at the age of seventy-nine and returned to Bayside, Charlotte County, NB.
He was born in Bayside, New Brunswick, of Scottish descent, and was educated there. His grandfather was one of many Castine Loyalists who received land grants in 1783. In 1851, he married Agnes McDouall, the daughter of Alexander McDouall and Margaret Cumming McDouall of High Curghie, Scotland. They had two sons: James Alexander Russell and John McDouall Russell. Russell was a magistrate and a member of the council for Charlotte County, serving two terms as county warden.
James Russell died on November 21, 1915, in Bayside, New Brunswick, and is buried at the Sandy Point Cemetery there.
# Mesopotamia (theme)

Mesopotamia (Greek: Μεσοποταμία) was the name of a Byzantine theme (a military-civilian province) located in what is today eastern Turkey. It should not be confused with the region of Mesopotamia or with the older Roman and early Byzantine province of Mesopotamia. The Byzantine theme was located between the rivers Arsanias (modern Murat) and Çimisgezek.

## History

The theme was formed probably between 899 and 911, when Emperor Leo VI (r. 886–912) appointed the former proconsul of the Province of Pontus, named Lucius, as its governor. Most of the province was formed out the Georgian principality of Taron, ruled by the chieftain Manuel Bagratiom. Manuel and his four sons were persuaded to cede their territory to the Byzantine Empire in exchange for titles and estates in other themes. The Armenian-populated districts of Keltzene (detached from the theme of Chaldia) and Kamacha (part of the theme of Koloneia) were then joined to it to form the new theme.
Although Emperor Constantine VII Porphyrogennetos (r. 913–959) mentions that before its elevation to a theme, the region was an "unnamed kleisoura", there is evidence of much earlier administrative structures than that. A seal of a "spatharios and strategos of Mesopotamia" has been dated to c. 810, perhaps indicating the existence of a first short-lived theme there, and a seal of a tourmarches with the Armenian name Mousilikes, is tentatively dated to c. 870.
It is thus possible that Mesopotamia was constituted in the late 9th century out of an Armenian principality as a division (tourma) of some neighbouring theme, with its prince receiving a Byzantine title and continuing to govern it, before it was expanded into a full theme. This may also explain the peculiar custom of its strategos drawing, until 911, his salary not from the imperial treasury but from the customs proceeds of the kommerkion of his province.
Commanders of the theme continued to be appointed throughout the 10th century, co-existing with the new post of "doux of Mesopotamia", established c. 975. Unlike the strategos, the doux was a regional commander, controlling the central sector of Byzantium's eastern frontier. In the 11th century, most of the attested doukes of Mesopotamia were Armenians, including Gregory Magistros and his son. In the aftermath of the Battle of Manzikert in 1071, Emperor Michael VII Doukas (r. 1071–1078) tried to re-establish Byzantine authority, but the province fell to the Seljuk Turks.
# Fashkol Poshteh

Fashkol Poshteh (Persian: فشكل پشته) is a village in Bibalan Rural District, Kelachay District, Rudsar County, Gilan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 486, in 124 families.
# Ethnos (newspaper)

Ethnos (Greek: Έθνος, lit. '"The Nation"') is a Greek weekly newspaper first published in 1913.

## History

The newspaper was first published in 1913 with a Venizelist political thesis. Always in the progressive political spectrum, it supported later Georgios Papandreou and Center Union. In 1970, during the Greek military junta of 1967-74, it was forced to stop publishing. In 1981, Dimitris Varos relaunched it as a colour tabloid.
The newspaper was owned for years by Pegasus Publishing SA. In 2017 was sold to Dimera Media Investments, owned by Ivan Savvidis. From September 2017 to March 2018 publisher was Dimitris Maris. Dimera reportedly acquired the two Ethnos titles (daily and Sunday editions) for 3 million euros.
On August 9, 2020, the Sunday edition ceased circulation following the daily edition which stopped circulating on July 31, 2019.
The publication continued online, with unique content, and more than 150 daily news reports, opinions, and deep analytical articles. In March 2020, 7,348,731 unique users visited the website, placing "Ethnos.gr" in the top ten of most popular news websites in Greece.
# Kaminaria

Kaminaria (Greek: Kαμινάρια) is a village in the Limassol District of Cyprus, located 2 km south of Treis Elies.
# Elsie P. Leach

Elsie Pemberton Leach MBE (30 June 1888 – 9 May 1968) was an ornithologist and pioneer bird-ringer in Britain. She served as the founding and honorary Secretary of the British Trust for Ornithology's Bird-Ringing Committee in 1937 and continued to work on ringing until 1963.
Born in Plymouth, the younger daughter of Sir Edward Pemberton Leach, Elsie grew up in a well-connected family that moved across the United Kingdom and overseas. From an early age, she was introduced to outdoor pursuits, riding, fishing, and hunting. During the First World War, she served as an ambulance driver in the Women's Royal Naval Service, after training at the London Motor training School. An interest in birds was sparked off through her friendship with Emma Louisa Turner which led to a meeting with Harry Witherby in 1930. At that time Witherby was working on the establishment of a marking scheme for British Birds and she began to assist him immediately. She took formal responsibility for the Ringing Scheme, still in a voluntary capacity, in 1937. Her skills at ringing and care in maintaining records were well known and her memory and ability to recall recoveries helped in her work. She compiled recovery records and produced annual reports from 1938 and went on to produce them until 1951. She retired in 1953 but continued to work on ringing until 1963 when the ringing office shifted to Tring. Her work was recognised by the award of the Bernard Tucker Medal in 1954 and she was appointed a Member of the Order of the British Empire (MBE) in the 1954 Birthday Honours.
She was a member of the British Ornithologists Union from 1922, and its vice-president from 1955 to 1958.
She died on 9 May 1968. Obituaries were published in British Birds and Bird Study.
# Qaleh Gelineh-ye Olya

Qaleh Gelineh-ye Olya (Persian: قلعه گلينه عليا, also Romanized as Qal‘eh Gelīneh-ye ‘Olyā and Qal‘eh-ye Galīneh-ye ‘Olyā; also known as Qal‘eh Gelīneh-ye Bālā) is a village in Sanjabi Rural District, Kuzaran District, Kermanshah County, Kermanshah Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 79, in 20 families.
# Huayapacha Canton

Huayapacha Canton (Quechua: Wayapacha) is one of the cantons of the Pocona Municipality, the third municipal section of the Carrasco Province in the Cochabamba Department in central Bolivia. Its seat is Huayapacha (206 inhabitants, census 2001).
# Abbasi, Aligudarz

Abbasi (Persian: عباسي, also Romanized as ‘Abbāsī; also known as Alān ‘Abbāsī) is a village in Zalaqi-ye Gharbi Rural District, Besharat District, Aligudarz County, Lorestan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 90, in 14 families.
# Isaac Benson Lucas

Isaac Benson Lucas, KC (September 19, 1867 – March 8, 1940) was a Canadian lawyer and politician. He served as a Conservative Member of the Legislative Assembly of Ontario for Grey Centre from 1898 to 1919.
Lucas was born in Warwick Township, Lambton County, the son of George Lucas, who had come to Canada from Ireland. He was educated in Strathroy and at the University of Toronto. He graduated from Osgoode Hall in 1899 and entered practice in Owen Sound, later moving to Markdale. He married Elizabeth E. Richardson, the daughter of Matthew Kendal Richardson. In 1908, he was named King's Counsel. He served one of the shortest terms as provincial treasurer, serving from 1913 to 1914. Lucas was Attorney General from 1914 to 1919. During his time in office, Lucas was responsible for steering the Workmen's Compensation Act through the provincial legislature. He also served as government representative on the Hydro-Electric Commission and helped promote the development of a park in the area surrounding the Horseshoe Falls at Niagara.
He died in Toronto, Ontario in 1940.
# Ziakas

Ziakas (Greek: Ζιάκας, before 1927: Τίστα – Tista, between 1940 and 2017: Ζάκας – Zakas) is a village and a community of the Grevena municipality. Before the 2011 local government reform it was a part of the municipality of Theodoros Ziakas, of which it was a municipal district. The 2021 census recorded 136 residents in the community. The community of Ziakas covers an area of 29.711 km$^2$.

## Administrative division

The community of Ziakas consists of two separate settlements:
* Perivolaki (population 16 as of 2021)
* Ziakas (population 120)
# Dalur

Dalur (Danish: Dal) is a village in the Faroe Islands. Dalur is located on the east-side of Sandoy. The village lies in the bottom of a relatively large valley. Dalur means valley in Faroese.
A little road leads from Dalur to the south-tip of the island. From there it is possible to walk to the bird cliffs Skorin. The church in Dalur was built in 1957 and this is the only church that has ever been here.

## Gallery

* Dalur on a Faroese stamp of 2006.
# Gandheralophus

Gandheralophus is an extinct genus of isectolophid perissodactyl mammal known from the Eocene of Pakistan, with two known species: G. minor and G. robustus, both described in 2012.

## Discovery

Gandheralophus minor is known from the holotype GSP−UM 6770, a partial dentary with right third premolar to third molar in situ and from many other referred materials. The holotype was collected in the Gandhera Quarry, Balochistan Province of Pakistan, from the late early Eocene (Ypresian stage) of the upper part of the upper Ghazij Formation. G. robustus is known from the holotype GSP−UM 6768, a partial jaw and from other referred materials. All specimens attributed to Gandheralophus represent partial dentaries and lower jaws, and came from the Ypresian stage of the upper part of the upper Ghazij Formation.

## Etymology

Gandheralophus was first named by Pieter Missiaen and Philip D. Gingerich in 2012 and the type species is Gandheralophus minor. The generic name is derived from Gandhera, referring to Gandhera Quarry, the locality in which the genus was first reported, and Greek lophus, "crest", a common suffix in tapiromorph names. The specific name of the type species, "minor", comes from Latin for "smaller", in reference to the small size of this species. The specific name of the second species is derived from Latin robustus, "solid", in reference to the larger size and more robust aspect of the dentition in comparison with the type species.
# Leonid Nechayev

Leonid Alexeyevich Nechayev (Russian: Леони́д Алексе́евич Неча́ев; 3 May 1939 – 24 January 2010) was a Russian children's film director.

## Career

Nechayev's career as director was launched in 1974 with a film called Adventures in a City that does not Exist. He was also the creator of the popular musical fairy tales About The Little Red Riding Hood and The Adventures of Buratino. He was a prolific director at the studio Belarusfilm, where he worked for 17 years and shot 10 films. The Minsk Museum of Cinema has a hall exclusively dedicated to his creative legacy.

## Death

Nechayev died on January 24, 2010, aged 70, following a stroke.

## Selected filmography

* Adventures in a City that does not Exist (1974)
* The Adventures of Buratino (1976)
* About the Little Red Riding Hood (1977)
* Peter Pan (1987)

## Awards

* State Prize of the Russian Federation (1993)
* People's Artist of Russia (2003)
# Fousseiny Tangara

Fousseiny Tangara (born 12 June 1978) is a Malian former professional footballer who played as a goalkeeper.

## Early life

Tangara was born in Bamako. His parents moved to Vanves, Hauts-de-Seine, France when he was aged six months. He holds both Malian and French nationalities.

## Playing career

He began playing football with lower league sides FC Versailles 78, FC Les Lilas and FC Mantes, before moving up to play in Ligue 2 with Amiens SC.
He was part of the Malian 2004 Olympic football team, who exited in the quarter finals, finishing top of group A, but losing to Italy in the next round.
# Isaac Master

Isaac Master (March 19, 1835 – January 6, 1898) was an Ontario farmer and political figure. He represented Waterloo South in the Legislative Assembly of Ontario as a Liberal member from 1878 to 1890.
He was born in Wilmot Township, Waterloo County, Upper Canada in 1834, of Pennsylvania Dutch descent. In 1857, he married Lydia Fried. He was first elected to the Ontario assembly in a by-election held after the death of John Fleming. He was elected again in an 1882 by-election after James Livingston was elected to the House of Commons. In 1891, he was named registrar for the county and moved to Berlin (later Kitchener). He served in that post until his death in 1898.

## Electoral history

vteOntario provincial by-election, January 9, 1878: Waterloo South Death of John Fleming :
| Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | Liberal | Isaac Master | 1,252 | 50.10 |
| | Independent | Mr. Merners | 1,247 | 49.90 |
| Total valid votes | Total valid votes | Total valid votes | 2,499 |
| | Liberal hold | Liberal hold | Swing | Swing | – |
| Source: History of the Electoral Districts, Legislatures and Ministries of the Province of Ontario$^{:383}$ |||||||