OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Chapeltown, South Yorkshire

Chapeltown is a small town in South Yorkshire, England. It lies half way between Barnsley and Sheffield approximately 7 miles from both. It is part of the civil parish of Ecclesfield. Chapeltown is historically within the West Riding of Yorkshire. Up until April 1st 1974, Chapeltown was part of the Wortley Rural District, after which, it was made part of the new administrative county of South Yorkshire and the Sheffield City Council area.

## Geography

Chapeltown is located 7 miles (11 km) south of the centre of Barnsley and approximately 7 miles (11 km) north of the centre of the city of Sheffield, it lies on the railway between Barnsley and Sheffield. Chapeltown railway station is served by the Penistone Line and Hallam Line. Two junctions of the M1 motorway also serve the area. The A6135 road passes through the town from north to south and is joined near the town centre by the A629 road from the south-east and the B6546 road from the west.
Although near the M1 motorway, there is a large amount of greenspace in and around Chapeltown. The town centre has a cricket ground and a wooded park on either side of it. Between Chapeltown and Ecclesfield the land is used for residential purposes on one side of the main road and agricultural on the other. There is also a brownfield site above the park.

## History

Until industrial expansion, Chapeltown was a hamlet that originated at the intersection of the roads between Sheffield and Barnsley and between Rotherham and Wortley. In the late 16th century a blast furnace was installed there which initially used charcoal, and from 1780 was fired with coke. Chapeltown was part of the ecclesiastical parish of Ecclesfield and had a population of 4063 persons around 1870. Coal mining was one of the main occupations of the inhabitants.
The works of Newton, Chambers & Company were first established in Chapeltown in 1793. Initially they were an iron works specialising in cast iron products, but over time the company expanded into related mining industries and products from the fractional distillation of coal, including the Izal disinfectant range. In the Second World War they produced Churchill tanks. The company's site is now Thorncliffe Industrial Estate, where most of the industry in Chapeltown is located.
# Raja Fashions

Raja Fashions are a bespoke tailor based in Hong Kong with sales operations in other countries. The company's business model is to take measurement from clients abroad, for instance in Europe and North America, after which clothes are produced by tailors based in China.
Founded in 1957, Raja Fashions started making bespoke garments for men and women from their store in Hong Kong. In response to the 1997 transfer of sovereignty over Hong Kong, during which many of Raja's British expatriate customers returned to Britain, the firm began setting up shop in hotel rooms in different cities across the world.

## History

Raja Fashions' was officially established in 1957 by the grandfather of Mr. Raja Daswani, who emigrated from Northern India to Hong Kong and set up a custom tailored business in Kowloon. During the 40-year period between the establishment of Raja Fashions and the handover of Hong Kong back to China, the Raja Fashions store in Kowloon continued to grow in reputation. When Raja Daswani assumed operations, he started promoting the brand "Raja Fashions".
After the handover of Hong Kong, instead of waiting for customers to come to their store in Kowloon, Mr. Daswani decided to visit his customers in United Kingdom, and began setting stores in 5-star hotels in London and letting his previous customers know by mail that he would be coming to measure people for suits.
These international tours proved profitable, so Raja Fashions quickly adapted this strategy for others cities in the United Kingdom and the United States. In 2009, Raja Fashions embarked on a second round of expansion, establishing hotel shops in Australia, Canada, Germany, New Zealand, Belgium, and Switzerland. In 2012, Raja Fashions offered service in Doha for the first time.

## Advertorial text

An advertorial commissioned by the company - an advert written in the style of a features article - has become well known in Britain and other English-speaking countries for running unchanged for many years. Jonathan Margolis, the Financial Times journalist who wrote it while freelancing in 2004, has said that he believes the article may be the most printed text in the English language apart from the Bible and the works of Shakespeare, although this has been disputed.
# Lincoln–Roosevelt League

The Lincoln–Roosevelt League, officially known as the League of Lincoln–Roosevelt Republican Clubs, was founded in 1907 by California journalists Chester H. Rowell of the Fresno Morning Republican and Edward Dickson of the Los Angeles Express. Initially, it was a coalition of progressive Republican activists. Although it never had more than 100 members, the league was instrumental in the election of Hiram Johnson as governor of California in 1910 and the formation of the national Progressive ("Bull Moose") Party in 1912.
The initial aim of the league was to curb the power of the Southern Pacific Company in California politics. Some specific elements of their appeal for reform were a direct primary system (the voter initiative, referendum, and recall), as well as "the regulation of public utilities; the conservation of forests; the outlawing of child labor, prostitution, and gambling; hospital and prison reform; women's suffrage; and a minimum wage law for working women; the direct election of United States senators; the systemization of public finance; charter reform; public transportation."
# Słupia

Słupia (German: Stolpe) is a river in north-western Poland, a tributary of the Baltic Sea, with a length of 138 kilometres and the basin area of 1,623 km².
Towns:
* Słupsk
* Ustka
Affluents:
See also: Rivers of Poland, List of rivers of Europe.
# Taleh Zar-e Sofla

Taleh Zar-e Sofla (Persian: طلعه زارسفلي, also Romanized as Ţalʿeh Zār-e Soflá) is a village in Zilayi Rural District, Margown District, Boyer-Ahmad County, Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 65, in 13 families.
# Directive 51 (novel)

Directive 51 is a science fiction novel by John Barnes. It is the first of three books collectively entitled the Daybreak series. The title is a reference to Directive 51, the Presidential directive setting out government procedures in the event of a "catastrophic emergency".

## Plot

In the near future, Heather O'Grainn is a worker in the Office of Future Threat Assessment in Washington state. A variety of groups with diverse aims, but an overlapping desire to end modern technological society (which they call the Big System), create a nanotech plague ("Daybreak") which both destroys petroleum-based fuels, rubber and plastics and eats away any metal conductors carrying electricity. An open question in the book is whether these groups, and their shared motivations, are coordinated by some conscious actor, or whether they are an emergent property / meme that attained a critical mass.
The Daybreak plague strikes, and world governments are helpless to deal with it. Industrial civilization rapidly breaks down, and tens of millions die in the U.S. alone (the global death toll measures in the billions). There is a presidential succession crisis. Just as society in the U.S. seems to start stabilizing, previously placed pure fusion weapons detonate, destroying Washington, D.C. and Chicago. This is followed by additional pure fusion weapon strikes, which are determined to be weapons that are being created on the Moon by nanotech replicators. A shadowy neofeudalist group (the "Castle movement") led by a reactionary billionaire may be inadvertent saviors of society... or may have some deeper involvement in things.

## Reception

Publishers Weekly called it a "sprawling and provocative apocalyptic epic". Russell Letson Locus called it "one of the most absorbing" novels he had read that year and that the title alludes to a "hard-SF-style treatment of some notions that in other hands might have been just literalized metaphors, but that here become frighteningly concrete." Kelly Jennings of Strange Horizons wrote: "The strengths of the book—including its large cast, political intrigue, ideas, sense of landscape and pace—are many. With a bit more balance, I think Directive 51 could have been an excellent book. As it stands, it's just a pretty good one."
# Miss Teen USA 2003

Miss Teen USA 2003, the 21st Miss Teen USA pageant, was televised live from Palm Springs Convention Center, Palm Springs, California on 12 August 2003. At the conclusion of the final competition, Miss Oregon Teen USA Tami Farrell was crowned by outgoing queen Vanessa Semrow of Wisconsin.
Prior to the live telecast, the 51 contestants competed in a preliminary presentation show where they were judged in swimsuits and evening gowns. Scores from this judging determined the top 15 for the final competition.
This was the first year that the pageant was held in Palm Springs, which would later host Miss Teen USA 2004 and Miss Teen USA 2006. The pageant location was announced on 17 July 2003. On 23 July 2003 it was announced that Jessica Simpson and Justin Guarini would appear as musical guests during the pageant. The event was hosted by Mario Lopez and Brooke Burns.
Farrell was the third titleholder from Oregon, the only state to win more than one Miss Teen USA title, other than Tennessee (who won in 2009) and their 1997 win.

## Results
### Placements

| Final results | Contestant |
| Miss Teen USA 2003 | Oregon – Tami Farrell |
| 1st Runner-Up | Tennessee – Alicia Selby |
| 2nd Runner-Up | Michigan – Alicia Jaros |
| 3rd Runner-Up | Massachusetts – Jacqueline Bruno |
| 4th Runner-Up | New Jersey – Jacklyn Pezzotta |
| Top 10 | Alaska – Brittany Ann Jackson Hawaii – Camille Peraro Kentucky – Amanda Nunneley North Dakota – Marisa Field Washington – Jasmine Jorgenson |
| Top 15 | Indiana – Jami Stallings Iowa – Alyssa Cook Maine – Ashley Alden Oklahoma – Nikki Carver Texas – Tye Felan |

### Awards

| Award | Contestant |
| Miss Congeniality | Oregon – Tami Farrell |
| Miss Photogenic | New Jersey – Jacklyn Pezzotta |

## Notable features

* Alaska made the semi-finals for the first time since 1990 and is only the second placement in this history of the pageant.
* Maine made the semi-finals for the first time since 1995. This was only the third time that Maine made the cut.
* Iowa also placed in the semi-finals for the first time since 1995. This was also only their third placement in this history of the pageant.
* Oklahoma and North Dakota both placed for the first time since 1997.
* This was only the second time that the winner of Miss Congeniality also won the Miss Teen USA title. Previously, Vanessa Minnillo won both titles in 1998.
* This was the first time that the winners of both the Miss Congeniality and Miss Photogenic awards both placed in the top five.
* Tami Farrell also competed in the Miss California USA pageant where she was 1st runner up that was won by Carrie Prejean, last June 10, 2009. She became Miss California USA 2009 after Executive director Keith Lewis fired previous Miss California USA Carrie Prejean from the position after accusations of Carrie repeatedly breaching her contract. "...after our press conference in New York we had hoped we would be able to forge a better working relationship..." said Lewis "...it has become abundantly clear that Carrie was unwilling to fulfill her obligations under our contract and work together."
# Gobeyr-e Do

Gobeyr-e Do (Persian: گبيردو; also known as Gobeyr-e Bozorq, Gobeyr-e Dovvom, and Kūt al Qubair) is a village in Anaqcheh Rural District, in the Central District of Ahvaz County, Khuzestan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 637, in 126 families.
# Edgar Rochette

Joseph Ulysse Edgar Rochette (April 28, 1890 – June 15, 1953) was a Canadian lawyer, judge, and provincial politician.
Born in La Malbaie, Quebec, Rochette was admitted to the Quebec Bar in 1914. A Rhodes Scholar, he studied law at Pembroke College, Oxford, from 1914 to 1917. He also spent time at the University of Grenoble.
He was a member of the Legislative Assembly of Quebec for Charlevoix—Saguenay from 1927 to 1936 and from 1939 to 1944. He held various cabinet positions including Minister of Labour, Minister of Labour, Games and Fisheries, and Minister of Mines and Fisheries. In 1944, he was made a judge.
Edgar Rochette was the author of Notes sur la Côte-Nord du Bas-Saint-Laurent et le Labrador canadien, published in Quebec City by Imprimerie Le Soleil (limitée) in February 1927. The 138-page manuscript reproduces notes from trips to the North Shore of the Lower St. Lawrence in July and August 1926.
# Flag of Guanajuato

The Flag of Guanajuato is the flag used by the Mexican state of Guanajuato. The flag was adopted on December 20, 2023. The State Flag consists of a white rectangle with a ratio of four to seven between the width and length; in the center it bears the State Coat of arms with a golden mark, placed in such a way that it occupies three-quarters of the width.

## Design and symbolism

The meaning of the colors of the state flag are as follows:
| Name | Color | HEX Code | Symbol |
| White | | #FFFFFF | Liberty |
| Gold | | #F1BF00 | Richness |

### Other flags

* Flag of New Spain (1521–1821)

## History

The first flag of the state of Guanajuato was officially adopted in 2023, it is a white banner with the entity's coat of arms with a golden mark.
In modern times, in order to have a flag, a first green banner appeared with a blue stripe at the bottom, the design is attributed to the state government of Vicente Fox, in 1996. It continued to be evaluated and discussed, but It never had official legislation; at the end of the governor's term, the government flag ceased to be used and valid among the people of Guanajuato state.
On December 20, 2023, the first official state flag was established, to celebrate the 200 years of the creation of the state of Guanajuato. The state congress designated December 20 as Flag Day of the State of Guanajuato. On this date, the authorities carry out civic days in commemoration, respect and exaltation of the state flag.

### Historical flags

* Flag of Guanajuato (1996-1998)
* Flag of Guanajuato (1998–2023)

## Related pages

* List of Mexican flags
# Smith Mountain Lake State Park

Smith Mountain Lake State Park is a 1,148-acre (4.65 km$^2$) state park along the shores of Smith Mountain Lake in Bedford County, Virginia near Huddleston. Primarily a recreational area, it offers water-related activities (with a swimming area, occasional boat tours as well as rental boats, kayaks and tubes) as well as camping, picnicking, and hiking facilities. A Visitor's Center and Discovery Center also offer interpretive ecological activities, and periodically the Friends of Smith Mountain Lake Park arrange concerts.

## History

Smith Mountain Lake was created by Appalachian Power after construction of a dam across the Roanoke River across Smith Mountain Gap which began in 1960 and was completed in 1966. Appalachian Power began donating parcels of land which now constitute the park in 1967. Construction of the dam involved engineering challenges because the Roanoke River's flow at that gap was inadequate using technology available in the 19th and early 20th century (when first envisioned), but German engineers developed a reservoir technique that allowed power generation from less voluminous rivers using reservoirs by the mid-20th century. Another challenge involved acquiring the land which would be flooded, and relocating numerous cemeteries as required by longstanding Virginia state law. The park was opened to the public in 1983. Roanoke delegate A. Victor Thomas championed Virginia conservation efforts, as well as a bond issue which passed overwhelmingly and permitted construction of rental cabins at the park.
# Flag of Tlaxcala

The flag of Tlaxcala was adopted in 2016. It is colored red and white and bears the State Emblem in the center. The emblem consists of a rectangle ratio of width-length 3:2, divided by a diagonal line from the bottom right (hoist-side) to the downer left. Ribbons of the same colors may be placed at the foot of the finial. This flag was designed by Desiderio Hernández Xochitiotzin in 1996.
On December 30, 2016, the State Congress carries out the protocol act of legal recognition of the flag of the State of Tlaxcala inside the Honorable State Congress. After the signature of the current delegate who handed over the banner and it was placed in its official niche. Currently the flag has government and civil use.

## Design and symbolism

The meaning of the colors of the state flag are as follows honor of the reign of Charles V:
* Silver (white).
* Gules (red).

### Other flags

* Flag of Crown of Castile.

## History

In 1981, at the initiative of Governor Tulio Hernández, the artist Desiderio Hernández, they connect the two levels of the Government Palace building. The colors of the Tlaxcala flag were taken up by the design of the flag of Castile and León, which are gules and silver, in honor of the reign of Charles V, who gave the royal certificate of the coat of arms to Tlaxcala using the same colors, red and white. Years later, the Tlaxcala flag began to be used on canvas without having an official use at the time.

### Historical flags

* Flag of Tlaxcala (1972–1998)
* Flag of Tlaxcala (1998-2015)
* Flag of Tlaxcala (2016)
# Nikephoros Komnenos (brother of Alexios I)

Nikephoros Komnenos (Greek: Νικηφόρος Κομνηνός; c. 1062 – after 1136) was a Byzantine aristocrat and high official. The youngest brother of Emperor Alexios I Komnenos, he was appointed second-in-command of the Byzantine navy, but his life is otherwise obscure.

## Life

He was the fifth son and last child of John Komnenos and Anna Dalassene, and thus the youngest brother of Emperor Alexios I Komnenos (r. 1081–1118). According to Nikephoros Bryennios the Younger, when Alexios and his older brothers entered military service, Nikephoros and his fourth brother, Adrianos, remained with their mother, who ensured that they received a thorough, encyclopedic education.
When Alexios came to the throne, he raised his relatives to high dignities, often newly created ones: thus Nikephoros was titled a sebastos, and given the office of megas droungarios of the fleet. The holder of this office was the second-in-command of the Byzantine navy after the megas doux, but Nikephoros is not recorded as having ever held an active command. Indeed the fleet appears to have been led by Eustathios Kymineianos after c. 1087, who was himself promoted to megas droungarios of the fleet sometime in c. 1101/02. Thus either Nikephoros lost his appointment, or several megaloi droungarioi existed at once, with Nikephoros' post being merely honorary.
His life is likewise extremely obscure; for this reason, Basile Skoulatos calls him "the least-known member of the Komnenos family". He is only once mentioned in the Alexiad, and is not recorded as having played any role during the reign of Alexios, nor during that of Alexios' son and successor John II Komnenos (r. 1118–1143), except for a reference to a megas droungarios Nikephoros as one of the witnesses of the typikon of the Pantokrator Monastery, written in 1136. It is unclear to what this exceptional silence of the sources is due; Konstantinos Varzos suggested that he might have fallen into disfavour as one possible reason. It is also not entirely certain whether the Nikephoros of 1136 is the same as Alexios' brother: only the title of megas droungarios is given, without any family connection or surname, and even the title is ambiguous, as it could be applied to both the megas droungarios of the fleet as to the megas droungarios tes viglas.

## Family

He married a lady of unknown name and family, and had at least two children: a daughter, who married Gregory Pakourianos the Younger, and a son, the sebastos Alexios, whose life is otherwise unknown.
# Francis Lawrence Connors

Francis Lawrence Connors (November 14, 1891 - March 31, 1964), also known as Frank Connors, was a pharmacist and politician in Quebec, Canada. He was a Liberal Party member to the Legislative Assembly of Quebec from 1935 to 1942 and was a member in both Godbout governments.

## Biography

Francis Lawrence Connors was born in Ottawa, the son of Edward John Connors and Esther Moylan. He studied at the universities of Ottawa, Toronto, Manitoba and Saskatchewan. He married Irène O'Connell in St. Patrick church in Montreal June 8, 1921.
He exercised his profession of pharmacist-chemist in Montreal.
Connors was elected as a Liberal Party member to the Legislative Assembly of Quebec in the electoral district of Montréal–Sainte-Anne in the Quebec general election of November 25, 1935. June 27, 1936, premier Adélard Godbout appointed him as a minister without portfolio in his first government. In the Quebec general election of August 17, 1936, Connors was reelected in his district, but the Liberal Party lost power to the Union nationale. Connors was reelected in the Quebec general election of October 25, 1939, and the Liberal Party was back in power. On November 8, 1939, Godbout appointed him as a minister without portfolio in his second government. On January 14, 1942, his seat in the Legislative Assembly became vacant when Connors was appointed to the Legislative Council of Quebec, for the division of Mille-Isles.
He died in office March 31, 1964, in Quebec City. He was buried in Notre Dame des Neiges Cemetery in Montreal.
# Georges Lafontaine

Georges Lafontaine (1 February 1857 – 28 October 1919) was a politician in the Quebec, Canada. He served as an official opposition Member of the Legislative Assembly in the early twentieth century.

## Early life

He was born on February 1, 1857.

## Provincial Politics

Lafontaine, who was a Conservative won a 1904 provincial by-election in the district of Maskinongé. He was re-elected in the general election held in that same year and in 1908, even though each time the Liberals won nearly all the other seats.
In 1912 though Lafontaine lost re-election against Liberal Rodolphe Tourville.

## Federal Politics

Lafontaine also ran in 1917 in the federal district of Maskinongé, but finished third behind winner Hormisdas Mayrand of the Liberal Party and candidate Adolphe-Joseph Thibodeau.

## Death

He died on October 28, 1919, in Louiseville, Mauricie.

## Footnotes

* ↑ "Biography". Dictionnaire des parlementaires du Québec de 1792 à nos jours (in French). National Assembly of Quebec.
National Assembly of Quebec :
| Preceded byHector Caron (Liberal) | MLA, District of Maskinongé 1904–1912 | Succeeded byRodolphe Tourville (Liberal) |
* This article about a Members of the National Assembly of Quebec from the Conservative Party of Quebec is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e