OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Chlorodesmis fastigiata

Chlorodesmis fastigiata, sometimes called turtle weed, is a species of algae belonging to the family Udoteaceae.

## Taxonomy

C. fastigiata was originally described as Vaucheria fastigiata by Carl Adolph Agardh in 1824. It was relocated to the genus Chlorodesmis in 1969 by Sophie Charlotte Ducker. It also has two heterotypic synonyms: Chlorodesmis comosa Harvey & Bailey 1851 and Avrainvillea comosa (Harvey & Bailey) G.Murray & Boodle 1889.

## Distribution

C. fastigiata grows in marine waters. The species is found primarily in the Indian Ocean and the western central Pacific Ocean.
# Cystocentesis

Cystocentesis is a veterinary procedure in which a needle is inserted into the urinary bladder of an animal through the abdominal wall, and a urine sample is taken. Diagnostic cystocentesis is used to collect a urine sample without the risks of bacterial, cellular and debris contamination that other methods have. Therapeutic cystocentesis may be employed to relieve pressure buildup due to urethral obstruction. Therapeutic cystocentesis is typically a last resort for relief, as a greatly distended bladder is more likely to rupture when punctured. A safer method of emptying the urinary bladder in this condition is by urethral catheterization.
# Hiiessaare

Hiiessaare is a village in Hiiumaa Parish, Hiiu County in northwestern Estonia.
Hiiumaa's only airport, Kärdla Airport (ICAO: EEKA), is located in Hiiesaare.
The village was first mentioned in 1798 (Hio). Historically, the village was part of Suuremõisa Manor (German: Grossenhof).
# West Seattle Blog

West Seattle Blog is a hyperlocal news website based in the West Seattle neighborhood of Seattle, Washington, United States.

## History

The website was founded in 2005 by husband and wife Patrick Sand and Tracy Record, a former television news director. The ad-supported website published local news, community bulletins, and other information. West Seattle Blog grew in prominence following the 2006 Hanukkah Eve windstorm and became a full-time news operation in the following year; by 2011, it had over 80,000 monthly visitors.
A sister website, White Center Now, launched in 2008 to cover the White Center area immediately south of West Seattle. West Seattle Blog was one of several neighborhood websites to partner with The Seattle Times for hyperlocal coverage in 2009.
In October 2024, West Seattle Blog co-founder Patrick Sand died. He was 67.
# Whole-of-society

Whole-of-society, or Whole of society, is a concept in international relations and related fields which looks to engage diverse groups across society to further common policy goals.

## Definition

According to the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization "A whole-of-society approach embraces both formal and informal institutions in seeking a generalized agreement across society about policy goals and the means to achieve them."

## History

The term first appeared in a 2010 paper published by the Asia-Pacific Center for Security Studies.
The European Union has explored a whole-of-society approach to countering hybrid warfare.
The Taiwanese Whole-of-Society Defense Resilience Committee was inaugurated in 2024. The committee's purpose is to organize and standardize civil defense efforts across Taiwan.
# Uçarı

Uçarı may refer to the following places in Turkey:
* Uçarı, Acıpayam
* Uçarı, Anamur, a village in Anamur district of Mersin Province
* Uçarı, Kazan, a village and neighborhood in the district of Kazan, Ankara Province
# Lubianka, Bucha Raion, Kyiv Oblast

Lubianka (Ukrainian: Луб'янка, romanized: Lub'yanka) is a village in Bucha Raion, Kyiv Oblast, Ukraine, situated to the north-west of the capital city Kyiv. It belongs to Bucha urban hromada, one of the hromadas of Ukraine.
Until 18 July 2020, Lubianka belonged to Borodianka Raion. The raion was abolished that day as part of the administrative reform of Ukraine, which reduced the number of raions of Kyiv Oblast to seven. The area of Borodianka Raion was merged into Bucha Raion.
During the 2022 invasion of Ukraine, units dispersed from the Russian Kyiv convoy set up in Lubianka and its nearby forests.
# Denis Rixson

Air Commodore Denis Fenn Rixson CVO, OBE, DFC, AFC (12 December 1918 – 10 December 1994) was a British pilot during World War II and a senior Royal Air Force officer in the post-war years and a Commandant Royal Observer Corps.
During World War II, he was the Officer Commanding No. 113 Squadron.
# Ali Morady

Ali Morady (Persian: عالي مرادئ, also Romanized as ʿĀlī Morādy) is a village in Kahnuk Rural District, Irandegan District, Khash County, Sistan and Baluchestan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 41, in 9 families.
# Zubbles

Zubbles is a commercial name for colored soap bubbles.
Popular Science named Zubbles the "Innovation of the Year" for 2005. Reader's Digest agreed, saying they were one of the "Best Innovations" of the year in 2006.

## Development

Zubbles were invented by Tim Kehoe, a toy creator from St. Paul, Minnesota. After an unexplained breakthrough in his kitchen, he was able to produce blue bubbles, that, unsuitably for a toy, stained clothing. After an eight-year-long delay in developing the idea further, he recommenced his investigations after forming a new toy company.
In the process of trying to rediscover the recipe, he changed the formula, making the coloring water-soluble. However, having to wash off the color from the bubbles rendered them unsuited to a mass-market toy. Kehoe hired the dye chemist Ram Sabnis, who arrived at a formula where the color would disappear on its own, with sufficient exposure to air, and without washing or staining.
The company entered into a global license agreement with Spin Master Ltd. for Zubbles Colored Bubbles in December 2005. Despite announcements of expected release dates, Spin Master dropped plans for commercial production due to complexities in the manufacturing process.
In 2008, the company reached a licensing agreement with a new toy company called Jamm Company. Zubbles commenced commercial sales in June 2009.
In 2011, Crayola disputed the patent given to Kehoe/C2C Technologies in a lawsuit which claimed that colored bubbles should be in the public domain.
Kehoe died unexpectedly at the age of 43 in 2014.

## Process

The colored bubble solution uses special dyes called leuco dyes. For instance, the purple bubble uses a chemical called crystal violet lactone. After the bubble pops, the colored splatter disappears with friction, water or exposure to air.
In a normal soap bubble, surfactants reduce the surface tension of the water and allow the bubble to form. To create a colored bubble, dye molecules must bond to the surfactants. Each dye molecule in Zubbles is a structure known as a lactone ring. When the ring is closed, the molecule absorbs all visible light except for the color of the bubble. However, subjecting the lactone ring to air, water, or pressure causes the ring to open. This changes the molecule's structure to a straight chain which absorbs no visible light.
Lactone rings can be produced whenever a long chain molecule contains acid functionality on one end, and alcohol functionality at the other. The two ends of the molecule react in a condensation reaction, ejecting a water molecule. To drive the reaction back towards the long chain, pressure, heat or an excess of water must be added.
# Sujan Shakya

Sujan Ratna Shakya (Nepali: सुजन रत्न शाक्य; born 10 March 1988) is a Nepalese television personality based in South Korea. He was a cast member in the talk show Non-Summit and reality-travel show Where Is My Friend's Home.

## Personal

Shakya is from Kathmandu Nepal. He arrived in Korea in 2010 to study urban planning at Dankook University, where he graduated, and is a Sales and Marketing Manager of a parachute products company in Seoul where he has worked for over five years.

## Career

On 5 January 2015 he interned as a guest representative from his home country Nepal, on Episode 27 of the JTBC South Korean talk show Non-Summit, that is made of a cast of young men from different countries, living in Seoul, who debate and discuss issues, in the Korean language, with perspectives they bring from their various cultures, from their native countries. He was immediately selected to be a permanent cast member for the next episode on 12 January, and joined, along with two more previous guest interns from Russia and Australia. In a taped video, as to his expectations for his appearance on the show, he said he felt awkward, but would try his best, and hoped to bring awareness to Nepal and teach others about his country
On the show, Shakya responds to questions about his country and religion, in one instance, as presented by the show's host Sung Si-kyung, that 90 percent of the people of Nepal are Hindu and revere the "cow" animal, with fellow talk show member Guillaume Patry, from Canada, responding with a joke, that he likes "beef". In discussions about an "angry society," he said rather than getting mad, people suppress anger by doing yoga. Another time he discussed the pace of life in Nepal as compared to the city life in Seoul.
In March 2015, after participation on Non-Summit, he became part of the cast of the spin-off reality and travel show Where Is My Friend's Home, for a visit to the country of Belgium, with other cast members, on their second country's visit.
In April 2015, he hosted the trip to Nepal, the third country visited by Where Is My Friend's Home. While filming there, he said, "I hope people remember Nepal as a beautiful country of mountains," and "I wanted to show Nepal’s traditional culture where gods and humans exist together." He said he was happy to visit family and friends he hadn't seen in over a year and a half.
During the broadcasting of pre-recorded episodes of My Friend's Home, the April 2015 Nepal earthquake occurred on the same day that the second episode of the Nepal trips aired, on 25 April 2015. He was interviewed and said that his family was fine and the family home had not collapsed. He posted a poem and the message "#prayforNepal" on his Twitter account.

## Filmography
### Television series

| Year | Title | Network | Role | Notes |
| 2015 | Non-Summit | JTBC | Himself | cast member |
| 2015 | Where Is My Friend's Home | JTBC | Himself | cast member |
# Sinamangal

Sinamangal (Nepali: सिनामंगल) (also Kathmandu Metropolitan City Ward 09) is a residential area of Kathmandu, the capital city of Nepal, on the banks of Bagmati River. It borders Baneshwor and Gaucharan. Tribhuvan International Airport located in Sinamangal divides Eastern side Purano Sinamangal, Pepsicola from Western side Sinamangal both belonging to Kathmandu Metropolitan City. One of the residential area of Kathmandu, Pepsicola Town planning is located in Purano Sinamangal.

## Transportation

Busses of Sajha Yatayat And Digo Yatayat Services serve Sinamangal.
# Huai Pha

Huai Pha (Thai: ห้วยผา) is a village and tambon (sub-district) of Mueang Mae Hong Son District, in Mae Hong Son Province, Thailand. In 2005, it had a population of 6,249 people. The tambon contains nine villages.
# Hasan Jafar Zehi

Hasan Jafar Zehi (Persian: حسن جعفر زهي, also Romanized as Ḩasan Jaʿfar Zehī) is a village in Pir Sohrab Rural District, in the Central District of Chabahar County, Sistan and Baluchestan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 222, in 38 families.
# Gülşah Gümüşay

Dürdane Gülşah Gümüşay (born February 22, 1989, in Adana, Turkey) is a Turkish professional female basketball player. She is a small forward playing for Galatasaray Medical Park.

## Awards and achievements

* Turkish U18 National Team -2005, -2007
* European Championships U18 -2005
* Turkish TBBL Semifinals -2006, -2007
* European Championships U18 in Tenerife (ESP) -2006: 7 games: 13.1ppg, 2.4rpg, 1.7apg, 1.0spg, 2FGP: 50%, 3FGP: 31.6%, FT: 57.1%
* Turkish National Team -2008
* Turkish TBBL All-Star Game -2008
* Turkish Cup Finalist -2008
* European Championships in Latvia -2009: 6 games: 3.5ppg, 1.3rpg
* Turkish U20 National Team -2009
* European Championships U20 in Gdynia (Poland) -2009: 8 games: 15.8ppg, 5.0rpg, 2.0apg, 1.6spg, FGP: 36.7%, 3PT: 34.5%, FT: 87.5%
# Mitsuhisa Ishikawa

Mitsuhisa Ishikawa (石川 光久, Ishikawa Mitsuhisa, born October 30, 1958) is a Japanese anime producer and planner, as well as the co-founder and current chairman of the anime studio Production I.G.

## Career

Mitsuhisa Ishikawa was an executive at Bee Train from 1997 to 2006,
Ishikawa acted as executive producer for the anime sequence The Origin of Ren in Kill Bill, and was the producer of the first two Ghost in the Shell films. In 2005, Ishikawa joined his first joint Japanese-U.S. collaboration, since the opening of the Production I.G branch in Los Angeles, IGPX: Immortal Grand Prix, a joint production with Production I.G and Cartoon Network. Ishikawa has also produced Batman: Gotham Knight, Halo Legends and Dante's Inferno: An Animated Epic.
Ishikawa is also one of the owners of Tatsunoko Productions and a part-time director.
# Arjun Jang Bahadur Singh

Arjun Jang Bahadur Singh (Nepali: अर्जुन जंगबहादुर सिंह) is a Nepalese politician. He was elected to the Pratinidhi Sabha in the 1999 election on behalf of the Nepali Congress.
Singh was the NC candidate in the Bahjang-1 constituency for the 2008 Constituent Assembly election.
# PIA Planetarium, Lahore

PIA Planetarium is a planetarium in Lahore, Pakistan run by Pakistan International Airlines. It was established after the establishment of PIA Planetarium, Karachi. It contains a dome building and a retired Boeing 720-047B (registration AP-AXL) standing in a park.
# Montreal International Auto Show

The Montreal International Auto Show (French: Le Salon International de l'Auto de Montréal) is an annual auto show held for 10 days in mid-to-late January in Montreal, Quebec, Canada. It usually takes place at the Palais des congrès de Montréal.
The Montréal International Auto Show (MIAS) is produced by the Montréal Automobile Dealers Corporation. When it was first launched in 1969, the show's aim was to beef up car sales during a time of the year when business was known to be relatively slow for car dealerships. This event is, after all these years, a much-anticipated annual rite among Montréalers and it is one of the most important events of its type in Canada with an average of more than 200,000 visitors. The auto show features over 650 vehicles on 375,000 square feet (34,800 m$^2$).
The 2014 edition of the MIAS was held at Palais de Congrés from January 17 to January 26 inclusively.

## Automakers
### United States (including its Canadian-owned subsidiaries)

* General Motors
** Buick
** Cadillac
** Chevrolet
** GMC
* Chrysler
** Chrysler
** Dodge
** Jeep
** Ram
* Ford Motor Company
** Ford
** Lincoln
* Saleen
* Callaway

### United Kingdom

* Aston Martin
* Bentley (subsidiary of Volkswagen Group)
* Jaguar (subsidiary of Tata Motors)
* Land Rover(subsidiary of Tata Motors)
* Lotus Cars
* Mini (subsidiary of BMW)
* Rolls-Royce

### Sweden

* Volvo (subsidiary of Geely)

### Italy

* Fiat
** Fiat
** Ferrari
** Maserati
* Lamborghini (subsidiary of Volkswagen Group)

### Germany

* Volkswagen Group
** Audi
** Volkswagen
* BMW
* DaimlerBenz
** Maybach
** Mercedes-Benz
** Smart

### South Korea

* Hyundai Kia Automotive Group
** Hyundai
** Kia

### Japan

* Honda Motor Company
** Acura
** Honda
* Nissan Motors
** Infiniti
** Nissan
* Toyota Motor Corporation
** Lexus
** Toyota
* Mazda
* Mitsubishi
* Subaru

### Vietnam

* VinFast
# Pahlavan Badi Castle

Pahlavan Badi castle (Persian: قلعه پهلوان بادی) is a historical castle located in Taft County in Yazd Province, The longevity of this fortress dates back to the Ancient Persia.
# Andorran Basketball Federation

The Andorran Basketball Federation (Catalan: Federació Andorrana de Basquetbol) is the governing body of basketball in Andorra. It was founded in 1988. It organizes the internal league and runs the Andorra national basketball team and also the men's and women's national 3x3 teams.
The current president of the federation is Manuel Fernández.

## Achievements

* EuroBasket Division C - 1998, 2000, 2004, 2012, 2014
# Piskivka, Kyiv Oblast

Piskivka (Ukrainian: Пісківка) is a rural settlement in Bucha Raion (district) of Kyiv Oblast (province) in northern Ukraine. It hosts the administration of Piskivka settlement hromada, one of the hromadas of Ukraine. Its population is 6,178 as of the 2001 Ukrainian Census. The population of the settlement was 7,173 at the 2001 Ukrainian census. Current population: 8,056 (2021 est.).

## History

Until 18 July 2020, Piskivka belonged to Borodianka Raion. The raion was abolished that day as part of the administrative reform of Ukraine, which reduced the number of raions of Kyiv Oblast to seven. The area of Borodianka Raion was merged into Bucha Raion.
Until 26 January 2024, Piskivka was designated urban-type settlement. On this day, a new law entered into force which abolished this status, and Piskivka became a rural settlement.

## People from Piskivka

* Maryna Lazebna (born 1975), Ukrainian politician
# Ambérieu-en-Bugey Air Base

Ambérieu-en-Bugey Air Base (French: Détachement Air 278 Ambérieu-en-Bugey) (ICAO: LFXA) is a front-line French Air and Space Force (French: Armée de l'air et de l'espace or ALA) base located approximately 5 km north-northwest of Ambérieu-en-Bugey, in the Ain department of the Rhône-Alpes region in eastern France.

## Overview

Ambérieu-en-Bugey Air Base is a primary repair depot and supply centre for avionics, ground telecommunication equipment, navigation aids and the manufacture of simple equipment.
It also supports calibration and repair of all Armée de l'Air precision measuring equipment and the manufacture and repair of aircrew survival equipment.
Ambérieu has two Jodel D140C Mousquetaire aircraft assigned for courier duty.

## World War II

The air base was constructed during World War II as all-weather temporary field built by the United States Army Air Forces XII Engineer Command during late August 1944 after German forces were removed from the area. It was built on a graded surface using Pierced Steel Planking for runways and parking areas, as well as for dispersal sites. In addition, tents were used for billeting and also for support facilities; an access road was built to the existing road infrastructure; a dump for supplies, ammunition, and gasoline drums, along with a drinkable water and minimal electrical grid for communications and station lighting. The airfield was known as Ambérieu Airfield or Advanced Landing Ground Y-5.
It was turned over for operational use by Twelfth Air Force on 6 September. The 324th Fighter Group, which flew P-40 Warhawks from the field during September 1944, after which it moved up to Tavaux. Once the P-47s moved out, Ambérieu Airfield became a rear area support base operated by the 1st Air Service Squadron for transport aircraft moving supplies and equipment to the front.
With the end of the war in Europe in May, 1945 the Americans began to withdraw their aircraft and personnel. Control of the airfield was turned over to French authorities on 29 May 1945.

## Facilities

The airport resides at an elevation of 823 feet (251 m) above mean sea level. It has two runways: 01/19 with an asphalt surface measuring 2,000 by 30 metres (6,562 ft × 98 ft) and 02/20 with a grass surface measuring 800 by 100 metres (2,625 ft × 328 ft).
# Homfray Channel

Homfray Channel is a deep water channel, reaching depths of 731 meters (2400 feet), located between East Redonda and the mainland coast of British Columbia, Canada.

## Geography

Homfray Channel connects Desolation Sound to the southwest with Toba Inlet to the north. The channel features several small bays along its eastern shores, the largest being Forbes Bay, which has a Klahoose name of AHPOKUM.
The channel contains several islands, the largest of these islands being Melville Island and Eveleigh Island.

## History

Homfray Channel's Coast Salish name is Thee chum mi yich, meaning "further back inside". The channel is within the territory of the Klahoose First Nation.
The channel was named after Robert Homfray, Civil Engineer , b.1824 d, 1902. Homfray attempted to find a better way to the Chilcotin Gold fields via Bute Inlet with the aid of a Klahoose Chief.

## Hydrology

Homfray Channel delineates part of the northern limit of the Salish Sea.
# Halvor Sannes Lande

Halvor Sannes Lande (born 18 November 1973) is a Norwegian rower. He competed in the men's coxless four event at the 1996 Summer Olympics.
# Rajendra Kharel

Rajendra Kharel (Nepali: राजेन्द्र खरेल) is a Nepalese politician. He was elected to the Pratinidhi Sabha in the 1999 election on behalf of the Nepali Congress. Later he joined Sher Bahadur Deuba's break-away party, Nepali Congress (Democratic).
# Khorasan Poshteh

Khorasan Poshteh (Persian: خراسان پشته, also Romanized as Khorāsān Poshteh) is a village in Eshkevar-e Sofla Rural District, Rahimabad District, Rudsar County, Gilan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 226, in 62 families.
# Kani Miran, Urmia

Kani Miran (Persian: كاني ميران, also Romanized as Kānī Mīrān) is a village in Sumay-ye Jonubi Rural District, Sumay-ye Beradust District, Urmia County, West Azerbaijan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, it had a population of 206 in 32 families.
# Cheyne Row

Cheyne Row is a residential street in Chelsea, London.
It runs roughly north to south from the crossroads with Upper Cheyne Row, where it becomes Glebe Place, leading down to a t-junction with Cheyne Walk which forms an embankment of the River Thames. It was named after Charles Cheyne, 1st Viscount Newhaven (c. 1624–1698) who purchased the manor of Chelsea in Middlesex, then a rural village.

## Notable buildings

16–34, including Carlyle's House at No 24, are grade II* listed, and built in 1708. 22-33 are grade II listed.
The grade II listed Roman Catholic parish church, Church of Our Most Holy Redeemer and St Thomas More, Chelsea is on the corner of Cheyne Row and Upper Cheyne Row.

## Notable residents

No 24 was home to the historian Thomas Carlyle and is now known as Carlyle's House and is a National Trust property open to the public. It was later home to the actor and writer Thea Holme (1904–1980), who moved there when her husband became the house's curator.
In 1833, Leigh Hunt, a friend of Carlyle, moved next door.
In 1780, the artist John Collett died at his home there.
By 1921, the American historian Hope Emily Allen was living at 116 Cheyne Row with her friend, the scientist-artist Marietta Pallis.
# Babulal Sah Kanu

Babulal Sah Kanu (Nepali: बाबुलाल साह कानु) is a Nepalese politician who is a former member of Provincial Assembly of Madhesh Province. Kanu, a resident of Gaur was elected to the 2017 provincial assembly election from Rautahat 1(A).

## Electoral history
### 2017 Nepalese provincial elections

| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes |
| | Rastriya Janata Party Nepal | Babu Lal Sah Kanu | 10,524 |
| | CPN (Unified Marxist–Leninist) | Bhikhari Prasad Yadav | 7,210 |
| | Nepali Congress | Nagendra Sah | 7,150 |
| | Others | Others | 899 |
| Invalid votes | Invalid votes | Invalid votes | 1,480 |
| Result | Result | RJPN gain | RJPN gain |
| Source: Election Commission ||||
# Alucita pepperella

Alucita pepperella is a moth of the family Alucitidae. It is found on Rennell Island.
It was first described by Paul Whalley in 1962.
# Petra, Cyprus

Petra (Greek: Πέτρα, lit: 'stone'; Turkish: Petre or Taşköy, lit: 'stone village') is a former village in Cyprus, now uninhabited and largely destroyed. It is located east of the town of Lefka and just north the Green Line. De facto, Petra is under the control of Northern Cyprus.
Petra had a mixed Greek and Turkish Cypriot population with a Greek Cypriot majority. Some of the village has been used as a military camp.