OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Centaurea benedicta

Centaurea benedicta, known by the common names St. Benedict's thistle, blessed thistle, holy thistle, spotted thistle or blessed knapweed, is a thistle-like plant in the family Asteraceae, native to the Mediterranean region, from Portugal north to southern France and east to Iran. It is known in other parts of the world, including parts of North America, as an introduced species and often a noxious weed.

## Growth

Centaurea benedicta is an annual plant growing to 60 cm tall, with leathery, hairy leaves up to 30 cm long and 8 cm broad, with small spines on the margins. The flowers are yellow, produced in a dense flowerhead (capitulum) 3–4 cm diameter, surrounded by numerous spiny basal bracts. Blessed thistle blooms mid summer to early fall.
All parts of the plant have a light down covering. This plant has a sprawling habit instead of standing upright. It needs full sun to grow and good soil drainage, as it will die in waterlogged soil. Water blessed thistle daily if you want your plant to produce lush leaves.
Seeds are too large to start in most seed trays, so it is recommended to sow outside after the danger of frost passes. Bury the seed 1/4 inch in the soil which should remain moist until germination that takes between two and three weeks. Leave at least 12 to 15 inches of space between plants.

## In literature

In Shakespeare's comedy Much Ado About Nothing, “Carduus Benedictus”, in tincture form, is recommended for a cold. The pointed allusion, by Margaret, is to Beatrice's tormentor-lover, Benedick.

## Folk medicine

Blessed thistle is used in folk remedies as a galactagogue with other herbs to increase breast milk supply, although there is no scientific evidence that such use is effective. Although the leaves are unpalatable with a bitter taste, blessed thistle is used as a flavoring in alcoholic beverages, and is considered a safe ingredient for food uses. As a member of the ragweed family, blessed thistle may cause allergic reactions in susceptible people, and use of large amounts may cause stomach cramps, nausea and vomiting.
# Aliyeh Ataei

Aliyeh Ataei (Persian: عالیه عطایی) (born 1981) is an Iranian-Afghan novelist and screenplay writer who has written several books and short stories for multiple magazines such as Guernica and Michigan Quarterly Review. The main focus of her works is dedicated to the literature of immigration. She has won several literary awards, including Mehregan Adab.

## Biography

Aliyeh Ataei was born on 3 June 1981 and grew up in Darmian, a border region between South Khorasan Province of Iran and Farah province of Afghanistan. Growing up in Iran as a female minority, she experienced a lot of discrimination and difficulties that led her to work as a women's rights activist. Her works are deeply influenced by her observations and experiences as a child.

## Career

Ataei graduated from high-school in Birjand and went to Tehran to continue her studies at Tehran University of Art, where she received her B.A. and M.A. degrees in screenplay writing. Ataei dedicated most of her focus to writing about immigration. Beside publishing books, she has been working with several magazines such as Hamshahri, Tajrobeh, Saan, and Nadastan. Her short stories have also been translated and published in several English and French magazines, among them Michigan Quarterly Review and Guernica.
# Hipolitów, Mińsk County

Hipolitów is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Halinów, within Mińsk County, Masovian Voivodeship, in east-central Poland. It lies approximately 3 kilometres (2 mi) south-west of Halinów, 17 km (11 mi) west of Mińsk Mazowiecki, and 23 km (14 mi) east of Warsaw.
# Sar Tang-e Bid Gijeh

Sar Tang-e Bid Gijeh (Persian: سرتنگ بيدگيجه, also Romanized as Sar Tang-e Bīd Gījeh; also known as Sar Tang) is a village in Qaedrahmat Rural District, Zagheh District, Khorramabad County, Lorestan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 25, in 4 families.
# Dmitri Veber

Dmitri Vitalyevich Veber (Russian: Дмитрий Витальевич Вебер; born 10 February 1999) is a Russian former football player.

## Club career

He made his debut in the Russian Professional Football League for FC SKA Rostov-on-Don on 22 August 2015 in a game against FC Druzhba Maykop.
Veber played his first match in the Russian Premier League for FC Rostov on 9 September 2016 in a game against FC Krylia Sovetov Samara.
# Guanyem Catalunya

Guanyem Catalunya (English: Let's Win Catalonia) is a political party in Catalonia founded by the former mayor of Badalona, Dolors Sabater.

## History

The party was founded on 1 December 2020, with the aim of "exporting municipalism to Parliament" and "carry on the good work done in the municipalities of Badalona, Girona, Ripollet and Cerdanyola del Vallès." Previously, a similar space called Municipalistes per la República des de Baix (English: Municipalists for the Republic from Below) was founded, led by Dolors Sabater herself, Carles Escolà (mayor of Cerdanyola) and José María Osuna (mayor of Ripollet).
On 3 December 2020, the CUP proposed to Guanyem a unitary candidacy to run in the 2021 Catalan regional election, and they also made this proposal to the Anticapitalistes and Communists of Catalonia. On 12 December, an agreement was reached between the CUP and Guanyem to run under the same umbrella in the elections. One of the most important points of this agreement is the candidacy for Barcelona, which will be led by Dolors Sabater.

## Electoral performance

Parliament of Catalonia :
| Election | Votes | % | # | Seats | +/– | Leading candidate | Status in legislature |
| 2021 | Within CUP–G | Within CUP–G | Within CUP–G | 1 / 135 | New | Dolors Sabater | Confidence and supply |
# Cyprus National Paralympic Committee

The Cyprus National Paralympic Committee (Greek: Κυπριακή Εθνική Παραολυμπιακή Επιτροπή, romanized: Kypriakí Ethnikí Paraolympiakí Epitropí) is the National Paralympic Committee in Cyprus for the Paralympic Games movement. It is a non-profit organisation that selects teams, and raises funds to send Cypriot competitors to Paralympic events organised by the International Paralympic Committee (IPC).
# William Tuttle

William Tuttle may refer to:
* William E. Tuttle Jr. (1870–1923), U.S. Representative from New Jersey
* William G. T. Tuttle Jr. (1935–2020), retired U.S. Army general
* William J. Tuttle (1912–2007), American make-up artist
* William Jeremiah Bill Tuttle (1882–1930), American Olympic freestyle swimmer and water polo player
* William M. Tuttle Jr. (born 1937), American author and historian
* William P. Tuttle (1847–1924), financier and entrepreneur
# Tek Bahadur Basnet

Tek Bahadur Basnet (Nepali: टेकबहादुर बस्नेत) is a Nepalese politician, belonging to the Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist). In the 2008 Constituent Assembly election, he was elected from the Salyan-1 constituency, gaining 27,421 votes against Prakash Jwala.
# Euenus

Euenus (or Evenus) of Paros, (Greek: Εὔηνος ὁ Πάριος), was a 5th-century BC poet who was roughly contemporary with Socrates.
Euenus is mentioned several times in Plato's Phaedo, Phaedrus, and Apology of Socrates. According to Maximus Tyre, Evenus was the instructor of Socrates in poetry, a statement which derives some countenance from a passage in Plato from which it may also be inferred that Euenus was alive at the time of Socrates's death, but at such an advanced age that he was likely soon to follow him. Eusebius places him at the 30th Olympiad (B. C. 460) and onwards. His poetry was gnomic, that is, it formed the vehicle for expressing philosophic maxims and opinions. The first six of the epigrams in the Greek Anthology which bear the name "Euenus" are of this character, and may therefore be ascribed to him with tolerable certainty. Perhaps, too, the fifteenth should be assigned to him.
# Hołubla

Hołubla is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Paprotnia, within Siedlce County, Masovian Voivodeship, in east-central Poland. It lies approximately 18 kilometres (11 mi) north-east of Siedlce and 98 km (61 mi) east of Warsaw.
# Alan Bolton (darts player)

Allan Bolton is a New Zealand former professional darts player.

## Darts career

Bolton won the 2005 Alan King Memorial Men's Singles Champions.
He won the 2007 New Zealand National Championships and won himself a place in the 2008 PDC World Darts Championship. He was beaten 5–0 in the preliminary round by Erwin Extercatte.
Bolton quit the PDC in 2011.

## World Championship results
### PDC

* 2008: Last 68 (lost to Erwin Extercatte 0–5) (legs)
# Daniel Israel

Daniel Israel (2 January 1859, Vienna - 24 April 1901, Vienna) was a painter from the Austro-Hungarian Empire who specialized in Orientalist scenes.

## Biography

He was initially employed as a businessman then, from 1878 to 1882, he studied at the Academy of Fine Arts Vienna. This was followed by studies at the Academy of Fine Arts, Munich from 1882 to 1885. His primary instructors there were Johann Caspar Herterich and Otto Seitz.
In 1885, after graduating, he took an extended trip through the Balkans, to Türkiye, Palestine and Egypt; making numerous sketches that he would use for oil paintings back in his Munich studio. His works included landscapes, cityscapes and genre scenes.
From 1893 to 1899, he participated in exhibitions in Budapest and the Munich Glaspalast as well as in his native Vienna.
He became mentally ill and spent his last two years in a sanatorium.

## Sources

* "Israel Daniel". In: Österreichisches Biographisches Lexikon 1815–1950 (ÖBL). Vol. 3, Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna 1965, p. 44.
# Dmitry Kornev

Dmitry Kornev (born 16 June 1992) is a Russian handball player for Chekhovskiye Medvedi and the Russian national team.
He represented Russia at the 2020 European Men's Handball Championship.
# ES Collo

Entente Sportive de Collo (Arabic: وفاق رياضي القل), commonly known as Entente Collo or simply ESC for short, is an Algerian football club based in Collo. The club was founded in 1966 and its colours are green and white. Their home stadium, Amar Benjamâa Stadium, has a capacity of 7,000 spectators. The club is currently playing in the Ligue Régional II.

## History

In 1966, the club was founded under the name of L’Entente Sportive Colliotte after the merger of the two local clubs of Collo, Jeunesse Sportive Colliotte and Club Omnisport Colliotte. In 1976, the club was renamed to Wifak Khachab wal Felline de Collo, or WFK Collo for short, as it became a part of the Entreprise de Liège et du Bois de Collo.
In 1980, the club won promotion to the Algerian Championnat National for the first time in its history. In their first season in the top flight, the club finished 10th in the league. In the 1984–1985 season, the club had its most successful season in the league, finishing in third place, just five points behind champions JE Tizi-Ouzou.
In 1986, the club reached the final of the Algerian Cup but lost to JE Tizi-Ouzou 1–0 in the final.
In the 1988–1989 season, the club was relegated to the second division after finishing last in the league.

## Honours

* Algerian Cup
** Runners-up (1): 1986

## Performance in CAF competitions

* African Cup Winners' Cup: 1 appearance
       1987 – Second Round

## Rival Clubs

* JSM Skikda (Derby)
* CRB Aïn Fakroun (Rivalry)
# Guang River Railway bridge

Guang River Railway bridge (Thai: สะพานข้ามแม่น้ำกวง) is a three-span railway bridge in Thailand. It is situated near the Town of Lamphun, Lamphun Province on the Northern Line Railway. There are three span. Crossings Guang River. There are two road bridges beside this bridge.

## Features

It is a three-span truss bridge.
# Rohan Pathirage

Air Vice Marshal Rohan J Pathirage, USP, ndc, psc, CEng, MIE, SLAF was a Director Electronics and Telecommunications Engineering of the Sri Lanka Air Force.
Educated at the prestiges Royal College Colombo, he gained his BSc and MSc in Engineering from the University of Moratuwa. Thereafter he joined the Sri Lanka Air Force as a direct entry officer in the Engineering Branch. After successful completion of basic training he was commissioned as a Flight Lieutenant through the direct entry stream. He is a Chartered engineer and corporate member of the Institution of Engineers, Sri Lanka.
Air Vice Marshal Pathirage has been awarded the service medals Uttama Seva Padakkama and Sri Lanka Armed Services Long Service Medal. He is a vice president of the Sri Lanka Volleyball Federation.
# Huta Skaryszewska

Huta Skaryszewska is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Skaryszew, within Radom County, Masovian Voivodeship, in east-central Poland. It lies approximately 5 kilometres (3 mi) south-east of Skaryszew, 16 km (10 mi) south-east of Radom, and 106 km (66 mi) south of Warsaw.
# Happy Family (2010 film)

Happy Family is a 2010 Italian comedy film directed by Gabriele Salvatores. It was inspired by Luigi Pirandello's Six Characters in Search of an Author.
The film won the Best Editing award at the 2010 Nastro d'Argento ceremony.

## Plot

Ezio is a screenwriter scared by happy endings, who earns his living thanks to an invention of his father. He is going through a creative crisis, until he has a car crash with Anna, who invites him to dinner. Once there, the stories of several characters get interwoven, triggered by the decision of the 16 year-old Filippo, Anna's son, to get married. Dinner's attendees become the characters of Ezio's new screenplay, but they will try to interfere with his work.

## Cast

* Fabrizio Bentivoglio: Vincenzo
* Margherita Buy: Anna
* Valeria Bilello: Caterina
* Fabio De Luigi: Ezio
* Corinna Agustoni: Grandmother Anna
* Gianmaria Biancuzzi: Filippo
* Alice Croci: Marta
* Diego Abatantuono: Marta's father
* Carla Signoris: Marta's mother
* Sandra Milo: Ezio's mother
# Venkatesh Narayanamurti

Venkatesh Narayanamurti is an American scientist, public policy leader and academic administrator.
He studied physics at St. Stephen's College, Delhi, where he gained his bachelor's degree in 1958 and a master's degree in 1960. He was awarded a PhD by Cornell University in 1965.
Narayanamurti is the Benjamin Pierce Research Professor of Technology and Public Policy at Harvard University where he is a former dean (1998–2008) of the School of Engineering and Applied Sciences. Narayanamurti was elected to membership in the National Academy of Engineering in 1992 for "developments in the field of phonon optics and leadership in electronic materials and device research and development". He also served on the Engineering and Computer Science jury for the Infosys Prize from 2011 to 2015.

## Publications

* Narayanamurti, Venkatesh; Odumosu, Toluwalogo (2016). Cycles of Invention and Discovery: Rethinking the Endless Frontier. Harvard University Press. ISBN 9780674967960.
* Narayanamurti, Venkatesh; Tsao, Jeffrey Y. (2021). The Genesis of Technoscientific Revolutions: Rethinking the Nature and Nurture of Research. Harvard University Press. ISBN 9780674251854.
# 58th Motorized Brigade (Ukraine)

The 58th Motorized Brigade is a formation of the Ukrainian Ground Forces formed in 2015 during the war in Donbas.

## History

The brigade was activated on 17 February 2015 in Sumy and took command of three volunteer territorial defence battalions. The brigade fought for nine months in Eastern Ukraine until it was garrisoned back in Konotop on April 1, 2018.
Inna Derusova, the first woman to be posthumously awarded the Hero of Ukraine joined the Armed Forces of Ukraine in 2015 and served as a combat medic with the brigade.

## Structure

As of 2023 the brigade's structure is as follows:
* 58th Motorized Brigade, Konotop
** Brigade Headquarters and Headquarters Company
** 13th Separate Motorized Infantry Battalion "Chernihiv-1"
** 15th Separate Motorized Infantry Battalion "Sumy"
** 16th Separate Motorized Infantry Battalion "Poltava"
** Tank Battalion
** Artillery Regiment
*** Headquarters & Target Acquisition Battery
*** Howitzer Artillery Battalion (D-20)
*** Anti-tank Artillery Battalion (MT-12 Rapira)
** Anti-Aircraft Defense Battalion
** Reconnaissance Company
** Engineer Battalion
** Logistic Battalion
** Maintenance Battalion
** Signal Company
** Radar Company
** Medical Company
** Chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear Protection Company
** Brigade Band
# Alan Brock MacFarlane

Alan Brock MacFarlane (May 17, 1924 – December 10, 2018) was a Canadian lawyer, judge and politician in British Columbia. He represented Oak Bay in the Legislative Assembly of British Columbia from 1960 to 1968 as a Liberal.
He was born in Victoria, British Columbia. MacFarlane served in the Royal Canadian Air Force during World War II. He studied law at the University of British Columbia and was called to the British Columbia bar in 1949. He resigned his seat in 1968 and was appointed to the Supreme Court of British Columbia. MacFarlane served as a justice in the British Columbia Court of Appeal from 1982 to 1995. MacFarlane died in December 2018 at the age of 94.
# Tumuk Humak Mountains

The Tumuk Humak Mountains (Dutch: Toemoek-Hoemakgebergte, Portuguese: Serra do Tumucumaque, French: Monts Tumuc Humac) are a mountain range in South America, stretching about 120 kilometers (75 mi) east–west in the border area between Brazil in the south and Suriname and French Guiana in the north. In the language of the Apalam and Wayana peoples, Tumucumaque means "the mountain rock symbolizing the struggle between the shaman and the spirits". The range is very remote and almost inaccessible.
Both the Maroni and Oyapock rivers originate in the Tumuk Humak Mountains. The Maroni (Dutch: Marowijne) forms the entire (disputed) border between Suriname and French Guiana, and the Oyapock (Portuguese: Oiapoque) most of the border between French Guiana and Brazil.
The Tumuk Humak Mountains are part of the Tumucumaque Uplands of the Guiana Shield. They are geographically important because they form the divide between the biogeographical system of the Amazon Basin and that of the Atlantic coastal area of the Guianas. The Tumuk Humak plateau is covered primarily with lowland and plateau forests.
Brazil's Tumucumaque Mountains National Park is named after the Tumuk Humak Mountains and covers that country's section of the mountain range, in the states of Pará and Amapá. Created in 2002, it is Brazil's largest national park and the world's largest protected tropical forest. The highest point in the state of Amapá is located there, reaching 701 meters (2,300 ft).
The French film Tumuc Humac (1970), directed by Jean-Marie Périer, was named after the mountain range.

## Named points

* Knopaiamoi

## Sources

* ↑ "Brazil Creates World's Largest Rainforest Park", Environment News Service, 22 August 2002
* ↑ Portal Brasil
* Bruijning, CFA en J. Voorhoeve (eds.): Encyclopedie van Suriname. Amsterdam and Brussels 1977
* The Guiana Shield Initiative
# Sauermugg

Sauermugg is a novel by Norwegian author Stig Sæterbakken. It was published in 1999 as the final part of his "S trilogy", following Siamesisk (1997) and Selvbeherskelse (1998). The book introduces Sæterbakken's alter-ego Sauermugg. The novel has since been released in different revised and expanded versions, such as the Swedish Sauermugg Redux-edition in 2007, with c. 50 pages of additional material.
# G. R. Jayasinghe

Brigadier G. R. Jayasinghe, VSV was a Sri Lankan military officer, who was the former head of the Sri Lanka Army Ordnance Corps and founder of the Sri Lanka Rifle Corps in 1984.
Educated at Royal College, Colombo, he joined the army after leaving school. He was commissioned into the Ceylon Army Ordnance Corps as a Second Lieutenant. He served as the Commanding officer of the Sri Lanka Army Ordnance Corps from 1966 to 1969 and from 1969 to 1974.
# Ignaców, Gmina Jasieniec

Ignaców is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Jasieniec, within Grójec County, Masovian Voivodeship, in east-central Poland. It lies approximately 15 kilometres (9 mi) south-east of Grójec and 49 km (30 mi) south of Warsaw.
# Prastio, Nicosia

Prastio (Greek: Πραστιό; Turkish: Aydınköy) is a village in Cyprus, 6 km southwest of Morphou. De facto, it is under the control of Northern Cyprus.
# Christopher Sachrajda

Christopher Tadeusz Czeslaw Sachrajda FRS (born 15 November 1949) is a British physicist. He is a professor of physics at the University of Southampton since 1990.

## Education

Sachrajda earned his doctorate from Imperial College London in 1974. His thesis was entitled Applications of perturbation theory to the high energy scattering of elementary particles.

## Research

Sachrajda has made contributions to the development of quantum chromodynamics (QCD), the theory of the strong interactions. His work on the factorisation of mass singularities led to the perturbative prediction of many physical quantities in strong interaction physics. With others, he pioneered the calculation of higher-order corrections to deep inelastic structure functions, which has led to detailed tests of QCD and the determination of the momentum distribution of quarks and gluons inside the proton. He has played a leading role in the development of the lattice formulation of QCD into a quantitative non-perturbative technique and in the use of this formulation to compute, from first principles, a number of physical quantities, including deep inelastic structure functions, electromagnetic form factors of hadrons and semi-leptonic decays of charmed mesons.

## Awards and honours

Sachrajda was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society (FRS) in 1996.
# Bornabad, Lorestan

Bornabad (Persian: برن آباد, also Romanized as Bornābād and Barnābād; also known as Bornābād-e Bālā (Persian: برناباد بالا), also Romanized as Bornābād Bālā) is a village in Pachehlak-e Sharqi Rural District, in the Central District of Aligudarz County, Lorestan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 294, in 53 families.
# State Council of the Udmurt Republic

The State Council of the Udmurt Republic (Russian: Государственный Совет Удмуртской Республики; Udmurt: Удмурт Элькунлэн Кун Кенешез) is the regional parliament of Udmurtia, a federal subject of Russia. A total of 60 deputies are elected for five-year terms.
It succeeded the Supreme Council of the Udmurt Republic in 1994. Initially 100 deputies were elected to the State Council. This number was later reduced to 90, and then to 60.
The presiding officer is the Chairman of the State Council of Udmurtia.

## Elections
### 2017

| Party | Party | % | Seats |
| | United Russia | 63.16 | 47 |
| | Communist Party of the Russian Federation | 14.86 | 5 |
| | Liberal Democratic Party of Russia | 8.95 | 2 |
| | A Just Russia | 6.57 | 2 |
| | Self-nominated | — | 4 |
| Registered voters/turnout | Registered voters/turnout | 34.54 | |

### 2022

| Party | Party | % | Seats |
| | United Russia | 51.07 | 49 |
| | Communist Party of the Russian Federation | 15.56 | 3 |
| | Liberal Democratic Party of Russia | 13.64 | 4 |
| | A Just Russia — For Truth | 6.06 | 2 |
| Registered voters/turnout | Registered voters/turnout | 39.79 | |