OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Robert Thomas Seeley

Robert Thomas Seeley (February 26, 1932 – November 30, 2016) was an American mathematician who worked on pseudo differential operators and the heat equation approach to the Atiyah–Singer index theorem.

## Life and career

Seeley was born in Bryn Mawr, Pennsylvania on February 26, 1932. He did his undergraduate studies at Haverford College, and earned his Ph.D. from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 1959, under the supervision of Alberto Pedro Calderón. He taught at Harvey Mudd College and then in 1962 joined the faculty of Brandeis University. In 1972 he moved to the University of Massachusetts Boston; he retired as an emeritus professor. In 2012 he became a fellow of the American Mathematical Society.
Seeley died in Newton, Massachusetts on November 30, 2016, at the age of 84.
# Dolnja Briga

Dolnja Briga (pronounced; in older sources also Dolenja Briga, German: Niedertiefenbach) is a settlement in the Municipality of Kočevje in southern Slovenia. The area is part of the traditional region of Lower Carniola and is now included in the Southeast Slovenia Statistical Region.
The local church was dedicated to Saint Valentine, but only minor ruins remain of the building, which was removed in 1954. Near the center of the village are the ruins of a school, which was used as a base by the Slovene Partisans until 1944.
# Douneika

Douneika (Greek: Δουναίικα, also: Δουνέικα - Dounika) is a village and a community in the southern part of the municipal unit of Amaliada in Elis, Greece. It is situated near the Ionian Sea coast, 3 km south of Kardamas, 4 km northwest of Myrtia, 4 km west of Alpochori and 6 km south of Amaliada. The Greek National Road 9/E55 (Patras - Pyrgos) passes northeast of the village. The community consists of the villages Douneika, Agia Marina, Danika and Kato Kertezeika.

## Geography

| Year | Village population | Community population |
| 1981 | - | 866 |
| 1991 | 708 | - |
| 2001 | 771 | 891 |
| 2011 | 616 | 677 |
| 2021 | 575 | 653 |
# Yugadharma

Yugadharma (Sanskrit: युगधर्म, romanized: Yugadharma) is the dharma of an epoch or age in Hindu philosophy. The concept of yugadharma is prescribed to be a reflection of Sanatana Dharma, the eternal dharma that transcends the passage of time.
Hindu texts are categorised into Shruti (such as the Vedas) regarded as timeless in character, and Smriti (such as the Manusmriti), secondary texts that are less authoritative and applicable only for a given period. Sanatana Dharma is based on the Shruti texts, while yugadharma is based on the Smriti texts.

## Literature

The Bhagavata Purana states that whatever merit was accrued from the meditation of Vishnu in the Satya Yuga, performing sacrifices in the Treta Yuga, worship in the temple in the Dvapara Yuga, would be achieved by chanting the name of Krishna in the present age of the Kali Yuga.
The Vayu Purana states that whenever yugadharma is not adhered to in a given age, Vishnu incarnates on earth and acts in accordance to the practices of the age.

## Interpretations

The current yugadharma for the present age called the Kali Yuga is debated amongst the traditions of Hinduism.

### Gaudiya Vaishnavism

Adherents of Gaudiya Vaishnavism hold the belief that the congregational dancing, singing, and chanting (japa) of the Hare Krishna mantra is the yugadharma to be followed.

### Sri Vaishnavism

Adherents of Sri Vaishnavism hold that the performance of sharanagati through the ritual called panchasamskara is the yugadharma to be followed, according to their interpretation of the Vedas. Another important part of the yugadharma cited from scriptural references is the chanting of the Ashtakashara mantra and the Vishnu Sahasranama. Devotion to Venkateswara, a form of Vishnu, is also regarded to be yugadharma for the Kali Yuga.
# Akribeia

In the Eastern Orthodox Church, akribeia (Greek: ἀκρίβεια, romanized: akriveia, akribia, akrivia, lit. 'accuracy, exactness, preciseness') is the strict adherence to the letter of the law of the Church.
Akribeia is to be distinguished from economy, which is discretionary deviation from the letter of the law in order to adhere to the spirit of the law.

## Canon law

In Eastern Orthodox canon law, there are two notions: akriveia and economia. Akriveia, which is harshness, "is the strict application (sometimes even extension) of the penance given to an unrepentant and habitual offender." Economia, which is sweetness, "is a judicious relaxation of the penance when the sinner shows remorse and repentance."
# Pol-e Piran

Pol-e Piran (Persian: پل پيران, also Romanized as Pol-e Pīrān and Pol Pīrān; also known as Pol Biran, Pol-e Parān, and Pulpirān) is a village in Sarduiyeh Rural District, Sarduiyeh District, Jiroft County, Kerman Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 351, in 61 families.
# Habibullah Qurayshi

Ḥabībullāh Qurayshī (Bengali: হাবিবুল্লাহ কুরাইশি; 1865 – 1943) was a Bengali Islamic scholar and educationist of the Deobandi movement. He was the founding director-general of Al-Jamiatul Ahlia Darul Ulum Moinul Islam.

## Early life and family

Habibullah Qurayshi was born in 1865, to the Bengali Muslim Mianji family in Qazipara, Chariya village, Hathazari, Chittagong District. His father, Matiullah Mianji Qurayshi, was an alim. The family traced their ancestry to Marwan ibn al-Hakam, the fourth Umayyad caliph and a member of the Arab tribe of Quraysh. He lost his mother at the age of five, and was the only child of his parents.

## Education

Qurayshi first studied the Quran with Imamuddin Mianji and other books with Masiullah. He then enrolled at the Mohsinia Madrasa, which was the only higher Islamic educational institute in Chittagong at the time. After completing Jamat-e-Duam, he proceeded to study at the Darul Uloom Deoband in North India. After spending some time there, he joined the Jameul Uloom in Kanpur, where he spent 7 years studying under Ashraf Ali Thanwi. Completing his education thereon, Qurayshi pledged bay'ah to Thanwi who instructed him to return to Bengal and establish a hujra near his home for spiritual asceticism. In this state, he spent 2 years. Mahmud Hasan Deobandi and Ishaq Bardhamani were also his teachers.

## Career

Having returned to Chittagong, Qurayshi met Abdul Wahid Bengali, Sufi Azizur Rahman and Abdul Hamid Madarshahi. They discussed the importance of establishing a madrasa. Subsequently, Qurayshi sent a latter to his pir, Ashraf Ali Thanwi, regarding the plans. With the permission of his teacher, Qurayshi established a small building for teaching purposes (now located just west of the present Chariya Madrasa). With the advice of his colleagues, the madrasa was relocated to a place near the present-day Panka Masjid in Hathazari Bazar. For several reasons, there was a need for another relocation. In 1899, he finally co-founded Al-Jamiatul Ahlia Darul Ulum Moinul Islam along with the three scholars and through the assistance of locals. When the scope of work increased over time, Qurayshi became the madrasa's inaugural director-general as instructed by Thanwi. He served in this position until 1941.

## Death

Habibullah Qurayshi died in 1943. His janaza was led by Said Ahmad Sandwipi. He was then buried next to the grave of Zamiruddin Ahmad, at the Hathazari Madrasa's central cemetery, and is now known as Maqbara-e-Habibi.
# Marcus Nash (skier)

Marcus Nash (born April 1, 1971) is an American cross-country skier. He competed at the 1994 Winter Olympics and the 1998 Winter Olympics.
# Ataköy Athletics Arena

Ataköy Athletics Arena (Turkish: Ataköy Atletizm Salonu) is an indoor sporting arena for track and field athletics events located in Ataköy, Istanbul, Turkey.

## Construction

The venue was built for the 2012 IAAF World Indoor Championships. It is situated next to the larger Sinan Erdem Dome which host's basketball among other sports. The arena was the first indoor athletics venue in the country.
As part of Istanbul bid for the 2020 Summer Olympics, it was the planned venue for the judo and taekwondo events.
The building is 125 m (410 ft) long, 87 m (285 ft) wide and 27 m (89 ft) high, covering an area of 10,875 m$^2$ (117,060 sq ft).

## Facilities

Ataköy Athletics Arena has a 200 m (660 ft) oval track with six lanes, a 60 m (200 ft) straight track with eight lanes for track events, and shot put, high jump, pole vault, long/triple jump sectors for field events.
It has a total seating capacity of 7,450 consisting of 5,040 spectator seats, 590 VIP seats, 206 VVIP seats, 141 seats with tables for TV commentators, 230 seats with tables for press, and 144 seats with desks for photo editors and press. In addition, there are 560 seats for team stands and 60 seats for coaches.

## Events hosted

| Year | Tournament/Concert | Date |
| 2012 | Turkish National Indoor Championships | 27–29 January |
| 2012 | Balkan Athletics Indoor Championships | 18–20 February |
| 2012 | IAAF World Indoor Championships | 9–11 March |
| 2012 | Sensation Turkey 'Wicked Wonderland' | 13 October |
| 2012 | Jennifer Lopez | 14 November |
| 2012 | Sting | 26 November |
| 2023 | European Athletics Indoor Championships | 2–5 March |
# Juvisy-sur-Orge

Juvisy-sur-Orge (French pronunciation: , literally Juvisy on Orge) is a commune in the Essonne department in Île-de-France in northern France. It is located 18 km south-east of Paris, a few kilometres south of Orly Airport.
The site of the town has been occupied from ancient times; it is noted in Julius Caesar's book about the Gallic Wars. Centuries later, it became an important place under the French monarchy, as a royal hotel. It would also be used as a post relay, the first one on the road to Fontainebleau. It became a major road and railway junction in the 1840s after its railway station was built in 1840, and after 1893 was the first city surrounding Paris with a bridge crossing the river Seine.
Most of the city was destroyed in April 1944 by an Allied bombing as the city was the only one surrounding Paris that had such a big railway station and had railway lines going to most of France's major cities. It was then rebuilt between 1945 and the 1970s.
The city is today known for Gare de Juvisy, the fourth largest and most-frequented railway station in the Grand Paris.

## Geography

Neighboring communes:
* Athis-Mons
* Draveil
* Savigny-sur-Orge
* Viry-Châtillon
The city is located 18 km south from Paris, in the Grand Paris. It has access from the National Road N°.7 (Route nationale 7) and is 10 km north of Évry.
Juvisy-sur-Orge is served by Juvisy station on Paris RER (Réseau express régional, i.e. Regional Express Network) lines C and D.

## History

Starting from 1883, Juvisy-sur-Orge is the location of astronomer Camille Flammarion's observatory, which today belongs to the Société astronomique de France. The town is also the site of the 1740 Pyramid erected to memorialize the work of Jean Picard and Nicolas Louis de Lacaille in measuring the Earth's circumference.
It is the burial site of author Raymond Queneau, also now represented by the Bibliothèque-Médiathèque Raymond Queneau.

## Notable people

* Jean-Jacques Annaud, film director
* Emmanuelle Charpentier, biochemist, discovery CRISPR, Nobel laureate in Chemistry, 2020.
* Christophe, singer
* Amedy Coulibaly, one of three perpetrators in the January 2015 Île-de-France attacks
* Ouparine Djoco, footballer
* Ladji Doucouré, athlete
* Camille Flammarion, astronomer
* Gabrielle Renaudot Flammarion (1877–1962), astronomer.
* Alexandre Prémat, motor racing driver
* Ferdinand Quénisset (1872–1951), astronomer.
* Sophian Rafai, basketball player
* Habib Sissoko, footballer
# Pulicidae

The Pulicidae are a flea family in the order Siphonaptera. Currently, this family has 181 species in 27 genera. Of these, 16 are known from North America.
Like all 2,500 Siphonaptera, the Pulicidae are ectoparasites. These fleas are wingless, laterally flattened, and great jumpers. They must be able to jump quickly and at great relative heights in order to latch onto their host for feeding and for rapid escape from their host. They make incredible jumps using the protein, resilin. It charges the energy in their body, allowing more forceful and frequent jumps than would be possible relying on only their muscles. This also means that they can jump frequently without exhausting their muscles. They mainly feed on mammal blood, and many Siphonoptera families, including Pulicidae, transmit disease.

## Ecology

Pulicidae feed on mammalian blood. Ctenocephalides felis felis is also known as the cat flea, and is an extremely important parasite of domestic cats and dogs. They prefer to feed on areas round the head and neck of a cat, rather than the ventral part of the body. The transmission of dog tapeworm is a result of this flea, as well. As for their effect on humans, they are also responsible for flea bite allergy dermatitis. Additionally, Pulicidae transmit Yersinia pestis, the bacteria responsible for plague.
# Karl Reiniger

Karl Reiniger (9 April 1910 – 25 May 1995) was a Swiss racewalker. He competed in the men's 50 kilometres walk at the 1936 Summer Olympics.
# Kalo Chorio, Larnaca

Kalo Chorio Larnakas (Greek: Καλό Χωριό Λάρνακας, literally 'Good Village'; Turkish: Vuda) is a village located in the Larnaca District of Cyprus, 10 km west of the town of Larnaca. Prior to 1974, the majority of the village consisted of Turkish Cypriots.
# Vučja Luka

Vučja Luka (Serbian: Вучја Лука) is a village in the municipalities of Istočni Stari Grad (Republika Srpska) and Stari Grad Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina.

## Demographics

According to the 2013 census, its population was 257, with 256 of them living in the Republika Srpska part and 1 Serb living in the Federation part.
Ethnicity in 2013 :
| Ethnicity | Number | Percentage |
| Serbs | 251 | 97.7% |
| Bosniaks | 2 | 0.8% |
| Croats | 1 | 0.4% |
| other/undeclared | 3 | 1.2% |
| Total | 257 | 100% |
# R2 (RER Vaud)

The R2 is a railway service of RER Vaud that provides hourly service between Grandson and Lausanne in the Swiss canton of Vaud. On weekdays, the line also runs between Lausanne and Cully. Swiss Federal Railways, the national railway company of Switzerland, operates the service. Prior to the December 2022 timetable change, the S5 provided a similar service between Grandson and Lausanne, continuing to Aigle. The service was previously known as the S2.

## Operations

The R2 operates every hour between Grandson and Lausanne, using the southern portion of the Jura Foot Line. It skips some stops between Yverdon-les-Bains and Cossonay-Penthalaz and is paired with the R1 (which makes all local stops), combining for half-hourly service between. On weekdays both the R1 and R2 operate between Lausanne and Cully. The R3 and R4 also operate between Cossonay-Penthalaz and Cully, raising the service frequency to every 15 minutes.

## History

The "first" S2 was one of the six original lines of the RER Vaud, then called the Vaud Express Network (French: Réseau express vaudois, REV), when that system was established in December 2004. It ran hourly between Vallorbe and Palézieux, on the Lausanne–Bern line. With the December 2015 timetable change, the S2's eastern terminus shifted to Villeneuve VD, on the Simplon line. The eastern terminus moved further to Aigle in December 2020.
The RER Vaud lines were substantially reorganized for the December 2022 timetable change. The S2 was shifted to the Jura Foot Line, replacing the S5 between Grandson and Lausanne. Where the S5 had operated to Aigle, with limited service further east, the new S2 terminated in Cully on weekdays and Lausanne at other times. On 10 December 2023, all RER Vaud lines were renamed as "R" and a number, instead of "S."
# Archi, Iran

Archi (Persian: ارچي, also Romanized as Archī and Arechī) is a village in Karipey Rural District, Lalehabad District, Babol County, Mazandaran Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 668, in 172 families.
# 10th Day

10th day (Greek: "10η μέρα") is a 2012 Greek feature film in the mockumentary genre, created by the Greek director, writer and producer Vassilis Mazomenos. It was released in November 2013 in Athens.

## Premise

The film refers to Ali, an Afghan Muslim, who lives in Athens, Greece. He is trying to get access to the western dream, surrounded by memories of his homeland, his trip to Europe and his «nightmares».

## Cast

* Ali Haidari as Ali
* Ioli Demetriou as his Girlfriend
* Mahdi Gorbani as Mahdi
* Hosin Ahmadi as Abas
* Nicos Arvanitis as Man
* Dina Avagianou as Woman
* Vassilis Koukalani as Driver

## Festivals and awards

It was official selection in Montreal World Film Festival, Fantasporto and many other festivals. In 2014 "10th day" represented Greece in E.U Humans Rights Film Festival in Turkey.

## Reviews

As Ninos Mikelides wrote: "Mazomenos records the route of his tragic hero through images selected with thought, images artistically wonderful, with lightings that clearly present the psychological state of the persons. The route of the Afghan immigrant gives the director the opportunity to present us cared and inspired pictures of the sad life of immigrants in our country, to conclude with the amazing, shocking images in the finale. Mazomenos managed with that to give us a strong film".
# Kydonia Province

Kydonia Province (Greek: Επαρχία Κυδωνίας) was one of the province of Chania Prefecture, Crete, Greece. Its territory corresponded with that of the current municipalities Chania and Platanias, except the municipal units Kolymvari and Voukolies (partly). It was abolished in 2006.
# Iakovos Moskos

Iakovos Moskos or Moschos (Greek: Ιάκωβος Μόσκος/Μόσχος, 1600s – 1700s) was a Greek painter. He shared the same name as three other famous Greek painters Ioannis Moskos, Elias Moskos and Leos Moskos. He was affiliated with Saint Catherine's Monastery. Moskos painted in the typical Greek style. He was active during Greek Rococo and the end of the baroque period in Greek art. Ioannis Kornaros was exposed to his work while he was at the monastery. He was known for painting the Holy place of Mount Sinai the assumed location where Moses received the commandments. It is his most notable work. Eight of his paintings have survived.

## History

Iakovos Moskos was born in Astypalaia. He was active during the early part of the eighteenth century 1700-1725. He eventually traveled to Mount Sinai and become a monk. There is no documented familial relationship between the other artists named Moskos but it is a possibility. The name was extremely popular at the time due to their massive artistic output. Moskos's painting of Mount Sinai became an extremely popular symbol of the Sinaitic monastery. He painted a view of Mount Sinai with scenes from the monastic life. The painting is a historical symbol of Mount Sinai in the early 1700s. The image also features wildlife. The panel is made with gold leaf and tempera. It measures 28.7 x 39.1 x 1.9 cm. The inscription reads ΘΕΟΒΑΔΙCΤΟΝ ΟΡΩC CΗΝΑ (God-Trodden Mount of Sinai) The painting is at the monastery.
# Karl Schmid (rower)

Karl Schmid (29 June 1910 – 14 May 1998) was a Swiss rower who competed in the 1936 Summer Olympics.
Schmid was born in 1910. In 1936 he was a crew member of the Swiss boat which won the silver medal in the coxed four event. As part of the Swiss boat in the coxless four competition he won the bronze medal. He also participated in the eight event where the Swiss boat finished sixth.
His son, Kurt Schmid, rowed in the 1952 and 1960 Summer Olympics.
# MBQ

MBQ, MBq, mBq, or mbq can refer to:

## Science

* Megabecquerel (SI symbol MBq), a unit of ionizing radiation exposure, being a million becquerels
* Millibecquerel (SI symbol mBq), another unit of ionizing radiation exposure, being a thousandth of a becquerel
* Mebroqualone (MBQ), a sedative, a quinazolinone-class GABAergic, an analogue of mecloqualone
* Acanthophyllum (Catalogue of Life identifier MBQ), a genus of flowering plants

## Transportation

* Mbarara Airport (IATA airport code MBQ), an airport in Mbarara, Uganda
* Mumbra railway station (station code MBQ), a train station in Mumbra, Maharashtra, India

## Other uses

* MBQ (manga), an English-language manga running from 2005 to 2007.
* Maisin language (ISO 639 language code mbq), a language spoken in Papua New Guinea
* Mohawks of the Bay of Quinte First Nation (MBQ), an indigenous tribe from Hastings County, Ontario, Canada
* MB-Q, a flight of Bristol Beaufighters in 1944; see List of aviation accidents and incidents in the Netherlands
# Ron Cassidy

Ron Cassidy (born July 23, 1957) is an American former professional football wide receiver in the National Football League (NFL). He was selected by the Green Bay Packers in the eighth round of the 1979 NFL draft. Cassidy played in 60 games for the Packers from 1979 to 1981 and 1983 to 1984, catching 14 passes for 233 yards.
# MMCG

The Maria Mallaband Care Group (MMCG) is an English company providing care for elderly and mentally impaired people. It was established in Leeds in 1996 by Phil Burgan, a former pharmacist, who remains CEO; it was named after his grandmother. Its services include nursing, day care, respite and palliative care.
The group has 27 care homes located in the United Kingdom and the Channel Islands. The company was ranked 89th in the Sunday Times Fast Track 100 in 2009. and was listed as one of Britain's fastest growing private companies in 2010.
The overall enterprise also includes Countrywide Care Homes, Maria Mallaband Care Solutions, and MMCG Living. Overall, there are 76 care homes, 3,200 residents, more than 4,000 staff, and an annual turnover of £100 million.
Historically, MMCG provided care for adults with autism or challenging behaviour. In August 2014, that business was demerged into Autism UK Holdings.
In 2012, a resident in a MMCG home was kept in a cold room, and was found to have a body core temperature of 25 °C (77 °F) when they died of hypothermia. In 2016, MMCG pleaded guilty to breaking heath and safety rules, and was fined £1.6 million.
# Keragasi Union

Keragasi (Bengali: কেঁড়াগাছি) is a union parishad under Kalaroa Upazila, Satkhira District, in the division of Khulna, southwest part of Bangladesh.
# Kattegatruten

Kattegatruten is a Danish company that operated a passenger and freight service across the Kattegat.
The company began operations in September 2011 after Mols-Linien withdrew from the Aarhus - Kalundborg route. This route was suspended in October 2013.

## Routes

Kattegatruten operated one route across the Kattegat from 2011 to 2013.
* Aarhus - Kalundborg