OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# John Willard Clawson

John Willard "Will" Clawson (January 18, 1858 – April 6, 1936) was an American, Utah-based artist, in the late-19th and early 20th-century.

## Biography

Clawson was born to Hiram B. Clawson and his wife, the former Alice Young. Alice was a daughter of Brigham Young, and Clawson was born in the blue room of the Beehive House, which was built by Brigham Young for his wives and their families.
Clawson studied at the University of Deseret, among his notable teachers there was George M. Ottinger. He married Mary Clark in the LDS Church Endowment House shortly before his departure for New York City to study at the National Academy of Design. He then returned to Salt Lake City where he was primarily involved in portrait painting although he preferred doing landscapes. In 1891 Clawson went to Paris where he studied at the Académie Julian and then the École des Beaux-Arts. While at the later institution he received instruction from Claude Monet and Édouard Manet. He also spent nine months in Vienne studying under Julius Stewart. Before returning to the United States he also traveled to Britain where he did portraits of several members of parliament.
He returned to Utah in 1896 where he established a studio and served as the first secretary of the Society of Utah Artists. However he later moved to San Francisco. His studio and $80,000 worth of art were destroyed in the 1906 earthquake, after which he relocated his practice to Los Angeles. From 1909 to 1919 Clawson practiced art in New York City and then in the later year he returned to Los Angeles. In Los Angeles Clawson mainly painted portraits of movie and theatre stars, the later often coming from New York City.
In 1933 Clawson retired to Utah. He was able to then focus on landscape painting, and portraits of Latter-day Saint leaders, including a portrait of Joseph Smith, Jr. he worked on the day of his death.

## Collections

The Art Department of Brigham Young University holds a large collection of his works, totalling 155. The Utah Museum of Fine Arts also holds some of his works.

## Publications

* Clawson, John Willard (1938), The John Willard Clawson Collection: paintings, sketches & drawings, Provo, Utah: Brigham Young University, ISBN 9781586851118, OCLC 18915035
# 2008 World Junior Championships in Athletics – Men's 10,000 metres walk

The men's 10,000 metres walk event at the 2008 World Junior Championships in Athletics was held in Bydgoszcz, Poland, at Zawisza Stadium on 11 July.

## Medalists

| Gold | Stanislav Emelyanov Russia |
| Silver | Chen Ding China |
| Bronze | Lluís Torlá Spain |

## Results
### Final

11 July
| Rank | Name | Nationality | Time |
| | Stanislav Emelyanov | Russia | 39:35.01 |
| | Chen Ding | China | 39:47.20 |
| | Lluís Torlá | Spain | 40:29.57 |
| 4 | Aleksey Barchaykin | Russia | 41:14.90 |
| 5 | Geng Lingfu | China | 41:57.69 |
| 6 | Caio Bonfim | Brazil | 42:18.33 |
| 7 | Hédi Taraaoui | Tunisia | 42:18.65 |
| 8 | Dawid Tomala | Poland | 42:33.60 |
| 9 | Pedro Daniel Gómez | Mexico | 42:53.38 |
| 10 | Evan Dunfee | Canada | 42:56.82 |
| 11 | Hiroki Nagaiwa | Japan | 43:16.52 |
| 12 | Alfonso Bran | Guatemala | 43:19.94 |
| 13 | Veli-Matti Partanen | Finland | 43:53.09 |
| 14 | Ricardo Lojan | Ecuador | 43:53.63 |
| 15 | Federico Tontodonati | Italy | 44:02.78 |
| 16 | Mehdu Boufraine | France | 44:17.10 |
| 17 | Genadij Kozlovskij | Lithuania | 44:27.87 |
| 18 | Aliaksandr Lyakhovich | Belarus | 44:35.17 |
| 19 | Manel Torlá | Spain | 44:50.64 |
| 20 | Paul Fitzpatrick | Ireland | 44:52.12 |
| 21 | Wojciech Halman | Poland | 44:59.54 |
| 22 | José Leonardo Montaña | Colombia | 45:06.00 |
| 23 | Julián Rendón | Colombia | 45:07.08 |
| 24 | Luís Lopes | Portugal | 45:21.32 |
| 25 | Riccardo Macchia | Italy | 45:25.10 |
| 26 | Adrian Ochoa | Mexico | 45:40.33 |
| 27 | Dejaime de Oliveira | Brazil | 45:54.66 |
| 28 | Ki Kwang-Yun | South Korea | 45:55.71 |
| 29 | Louis Blanc | France | 46:41.48 |
| 30 | Perseus Ibáñez | Sweden | 47:19.88 |
| | Maher Ben Halima | Tunisia | DQ |
| | Máté Helebrandt | Hungary | DQ |
| | Mihaíl Yelastós | Greece | DQ |
| | Alexander Velázquez | Guatemala | DQ |
| | Emerson Hernández | El Salvador | DNF |

## Participation

According to an unofficial count, 35 athletes from 24 countries participated in the event.
* Belarus (1)
* Brazil (2)
* Canada (1)
* China (2)
* Colombia (2)
* Ecuador (1)
* El Salvador (1)
* Finland (1)
* France (2)
* Greece (1)
* Guatemala (2)
* Hungary (1)
* Ireland (1)
* Italy (2)
* Japan (1)
* Lithuania (1)
* Mexico (2)
* Poland (2)
* Portugal (1)
* Russia (2)
* South Korea (1)
* Spain (2)
* Sweden (1)
* Tunisia (2)
# Alçıtepe

Alçıtepe, also known by its former name, Krithia (Greek: Κριθία), is a small village in Turkey on a commanding high plateau, about 4 miles from Cape Helles, the tip of the Thracian Chersonesos, now Gallipoli Peninsula. It is part of the Eceabat District of Çanakkale Province. Its population is 433 (2021).
Krithia was named after the grain "krithos", which in Greek means "barley"; a nearby cape was also called Krithea (Κριθέα) in Byzantine times, now Akbaş Burnu. In the Book of Navigation of the Ottoman admiral Piri Reis (1521), it is recorded as Kirte.
At the turn of the 20th century, about 450 Greek families lived in the village. In October 1914, a military mission arrived at the village. Turkish soldiers with fixed bayonets surrounded the village and forced the evacuation of each house in turn. Then, under the eyes of their officers, they seized everything they could lay their hands on. Stripped of everything they possessed, the inhabitants in despair had to seek refuge in Madytos.
During the Gallipoli campaign, the village was an objective of the first day of the landing at Cape Helles on 25 April 1915; it was never reached. Over the following months, Ottoman defenders successfully repulsed several assaults by Allied troops. More famously, the village was the site of the Battle of Krithia during the same campaign.
As a result, the settlement suffered extensive damage due to shelling: the two Greek churches were destroyed, and only few traces of its medieval and ancient past remain, such as a column in the village square or architectural elements reused as spolia. Following the departure of the Greek population in the Greco-Turkish population exchange, the village was resettled with Turks from Romania in 1938.
# Huai Thap Than district

Huai Thap Than (Thai: ห้วยทับทัน, pronounced) is a district (amphoe) in the western part of Sisaket province, northeastern Thailand.

## Geography

Neighboring districts are (from the north clockwise): Mueang Chan, Uthumphon Phisai, and Prang Ku of Sisaket Province, and Samrong Thap of Surin province.

## History

The minor district (king amphoe) Haui Thap Than was established on 17 January 1977, when the four tambons, Huai Thap Than, Mueang Luang, Phak Mai, and Kluai Kwang, were split off from Uthumphon Phisai district. It started operations on 16 February with a temporary district office in temple (Wat) Phra Charangsan, which was replaced by a permanent office building in 1981. It was upgraded to a full district on 20 March 1986.

## Administration

The district is divided into six sub-districts (tambons), which are further subdivided into 80 villages (mubans). Huai Thap Than is a township (thesaban tambon) which covers parts of tambon Huai Thap Than. There are a further six tambon administrative organizations (TAO).
| No. | Name | Thai name | Villages | Pop. |
| 1. | Huai Thap Than | ห้วยทับทัน | 8 | 5,753 |
| 2. | Mueang Luang | เมืองหลวง | 14 | 8,508 |
| 3. | Kluai Kwang | กล้วยกว้าง | 13 | 5,678 |
| 4. | Phak Mai | ผักไหม | 16 | 6,951 |
| 5. | Chan Saen Chai | จานแสนไชย | 13 | 7,074 |
| 6. | Prasat | ปราสาท | 16 | 7,168 |

## Huai Thap Than grilled chicken

Huai Thap Than grilled chicken or Mai Madan grilled chicken is a chicken dish from the Huai Thap Than district. It is unique and delicacy local food and is famous all over. Its history began around 1937, when Huai Thap Than was a big station for locomotives. They had here to stop to get more woods for steam engine. This is because the train had to stop for a long time, the staffs would go to the forest and get red junglefowl. When they needed to grill the chicken they had to tie the chicken with some pieces of wood. Madan (Garcinia schomburgkiana) woods could be easily found but it turned out that it gave better scent and taste to their grilled chicken. It was first sold at Huai Thap Than railway station until it became unique and famous until now. Chicken grilled with madan sticks has a fragrant aroma and a slightly sour taste. The meat is dry, unlike the famous grilled chicken of other regions.
# Gulinek

Gulinek is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Zakrzew, within Radom County, Masovian Voivodeship, in east-central Poland. It lies approximately 3 kilometres (2 mi) north-west of Zakrzew, 14 km (9 mi) north-west of Radom, and 84 km (52 mi) south of Warsaw.
# Fenoldopam

Fenoldopam mesylate (Corlopam) is a drug and synthetic benzazepine derivative which acts as a selective D$_1$ receptor partial agonist. Fenoldopam is used as an antihypertensive agent. It was approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in September 1997.

## Indications

Fenoldopam is used as an antihypertensive agent postoperatively, and also intravenously (IV) to treat a hypertensive crisis. Since fenoldopam is an intravenous agent with minimal adrenergic effects that improves renal perfusion, in theory it could be beneficial in hypertensive patients with concomitant chronic kidney disease. It can cause reflex tachycardia, but it is dependent on the infusion of the drug.

## Pharmacology

Fenoldopam causes arterial/arteriolar vasodilation leading to a decrease in blood pressure by activating peripheral D$_1$ receptors. It decreases afterload and also promotes sodium excretion via specific dopamine receptors along the nephron. The renal effect of fenoldopam and dopamine may involve physiological antagonism of the renin-angiotensin system in the kidney. In contrast to dopamine, fenoldopam is a selective D$_1$ receptor agonist with no effect on beta adrenoceptors, although there is evidence that it may have some alpha-1 and alpha-2 adrenoceptor antagonist activity. D$_1$ receptor stimulation activates adenylyl cyclase and raises intracellular cyclic AMP, resulting in vasodilation of most arterial beds, including renal, mesenteric, and coronary arteries. to cause a reduction in systemic vascular resistance. Fenoldopam has a rapid onset of action (4 minutes) and short duration of action (< 10 minutes) and a linear dose–response relationship at usual clinical doses.

## Side effects

Adverse effects include headache, flushing, nausea, hypotension, reflex tachycardia, and increased intraocular pressure.

## Contraindications, warnings and precautions

Fenoldopam mesylate contains sodium metabisulfite, a sulfite that may rarely cause allergic-type reactions including anaphylactic symptoms and asthma in susceptible people. Fenoldopam mesylate administration should be undertaken with caution to patients with glaucoma or raised intraocular pressure as fenoldopam raises intraocular pressure. Concomitant use of fenoldopam with a beta-blocker should be avoided if possible, as unexpected hypotension can result from beta-blocker inhibition of sympathetic-mediated reflex tachycardia in response to fenoldopam.
# Hangyug Agyat

Hangyug Agyat (Nepali: हाङयुग अज्ञात) is a poet and writer. He is one of the initiators of the Srijanshil Arajakta (Creative Anarchy) movement, along with Rajan Mukarung and Upendra Subba.

## About his life and career

Poet Hangyug Agyat was born in Ilam city, eastern district of Nepal. He started his writing career as literary columnist in Ruprekha Weekly, Kathmandu, in 1997.
With an urge to write with the contemporary time and the situation he started a literary campaign called 'Contemporary Writing'.
Around this time, he met Rajan Mukarung and Upendra Subba. They jointly started a new literary movement called Srijanshil Arajakta (meaning creative anarchy).
They didn't find their life in the contemporary Nepalese Literature. Therefore, in 1997 they made the following 5 conditions with an urge to write their own life in the contemporary Nepalese literature. The principles of "Srijanshil Arajakta" are as follows;
* Plurality in thoughts
* Multicultural writings
* Ethnic consciousness
* Poetic freedom
* Creative decision
He has been residing in Hong Kong since 2004. He has introduced Chauchau Sahitya prastavna(meaning instant literature) as a proposal in the urge to write the life of Nepalese people in Hong Kong in 2014.
Hong Kong Nepalese Federation has awarded him with ' Nepali Puraskar 2007' for his contribution to the Nepalese literature in Hong Kong.
He is also a founder member of Critic Society.
Hangyug agyat returned Nepal in 2019. He went to his home town Ilam (Western Nepal) and established 'Ilam Sahitya samaj'. In his home town he organized 'Ilam sahitya mahotsab' where recognized writers from Nepal participated.
He has been awarded 'best lyricist 2019' by Geetkar sangh Nepal for 'Aama' song by Benuka Rai & composed by Dinesh Subba.

## Published Books

He has published 6 books till the date
* Rangin Aaviskar (2000) anthology of poems
* Dhunga Mudako man (2001)
* Karang ko Hirasat (2003,2014 2nd Edition)
* Kakapik (2004)
* Hong Kong (2014)
* Adha Raat Ko Tangsing (2015)
His 3rd book Karang ko Hirasat is the most celebrated book in Nepalese poetry.
# 2001 Victorian local elections

The 2001 Victorian local elections were held on 17 March 2001 to elect the councils of 3 of the 78 local government areas in Victoria, Australia.
Elections occurred in the City of Greater Geelong, Borough of Queenscliffe and Surf Coast Shire. Queenscliffe and Surf Coast remained entirely independent-held, while Greater Geelong ended up under no overall control.
Until 2008, local elections in Victoria were conducted periodically, meaning 75 councils were not up for election in 2001.

## Results
### Council votes

| Party | Party | Party | Votes | % | Seats | Change |
| | Independents | Independents | 118,987 | 85.94 | 23 | |
| | Labor | Labor | 8,718 | 6.30 | 2 | |
| | Liberal | Liberal | 8,578 | 6.20 | 2 | |
| | Independent Liberal | Independent Liberal | 2,169 | 1.56 | 1 | 1 |
| Total formal votes | Total formal votes | Total formal votes | 138,452 | 97.42 | | |
| Informal votes | Informal votes | Informal votes | 3,673 | 2.58 | | |
| Total | Total | Total | 142,125 | 100.0 | 28 | |
| Registered voters / Turnout | Registered voters / Turnout | Registered voters / Turnout | 181,108 | 78.48 | | |

## By-elections

Eight separate by-elections, the majority conducted by the Victorian Electoral Commission, were held for various LGAs throughout 2001.
| Council | Ward | Before | Before | Before | Change | Change | Result after preference distribution | Result after preference distribution | Result after preference distribution | Result after preference distribution | Result after preference distribution |
| Council | Ward | Councillor | Party | Party | Cause | Date | Date | Party | Party | Candidate | % |
| Glenelg | Grant Riding | | | | | | 20 January 2001 | | Independent | Robert Halliday | 55.24 |
| Glenelg | Grant Riding | | | | | | 20 January 2001 | | Independent | Don Ward | 44.76 |
| Macedon Ranges | Campaspe | | | | | | 24 February 2001 | | Independent | Marty Evans | 55.71 |
| Macedon Ranges | Campaspe | | | | | | 24 February 2001 | | Independent | Ronda Walker | 44.29 |
| Moira | Unsubdivided | | | | | | 21 April 2001 | | Independent | Bary Franklin | N/A |
| Moira | Unsubdivided | | | | | | 21 April 2001 | | Elected unopposed | Elected unopposed | Elected unopposed |
| Kingston | Patterson River | | | | | | 25 August 2001 | | Independent | Trevor Shewan | 55.26 |
| Kingston | Patterson River | | | | | | 25 August 2001 | | Independent | Jennifer Wilcox | 25.16 |
| Yarra | Nicholson | Ray Thomas | | Labor | Resignation | July 2001 | 6 October 2001 | | Greens | Gurm Sekhon | 59.37 |
| Yarra | Nicholson | Ray Thomas | | Labor | Resignation | July 2001 | 6 October 2001 | | Labor | Magnus Beugelaar | 40.63 |
| Moreland | Hoffman | Andy Ingham | | Independent | Death | 22 July 2001 | October 2001 | | Labor | Joe Caputo | |
| Maroondah | Clocktower | | | | | | 1 December 2001 | | Independent | Paul Denham | 66.21 |
| Maroondah | Clocktower | | | | | | 1 December 2001 | | Independent | Paul MacDonald | 33.79 |
| Greater Bendigo | Whipstick | | | | | | 15 December 2001 | | Independent | Julian Hood | 55.71 |
| Greater Bendigo | Whipstick | | | | | | 15 December 2001 | | Independent | Bob Hynes | 44.29 |
# Fakkham script

The Fakkham script (Thai: อักษรฝักขาม, "Tamarind pod-script") or Thai Lanna script is a Brahmic script, used historically in the Lan Na Kingdom. The script was frequently used in Lan Na stone inscriptions.

## Origin

The Fakkham script, was derived from the old Sukhothai script (also known as Proto-Thai script), and used extensively in Lan Na between the beginning of the 15th century and the end of the 16th century. The Fakkham script was possibly introduced to Lan Na by a religious mission from Sukhothai. The script was named after its similarity to the shape of tamarind pods, because the letters became elongated and somewhat more angular rather than square and perpendicular like its ancestor the Sukhothai script. Several letters had noticeable "tails" extending above and below the main writing line.

## History

The Fakkham script was used extensively in the territories controlled by the kings of Chiang Mai, the Lan Na kingdom, between the beginning of the fifteenth and the end of the sixteenth centuries. It has been speculated that the Fakkham script was the official script of Lan Na and other northern kingdoms, since the script was used in diplomatic notes of the Lan Na kingdom sent to China. The Lan Na kingdom used the Fakkham script as their secular script used for official inscriptions, important letters and other documents, while the Tai Tham script was used for religious texts.
A number of ancient inscriptions in the script have been discovered in the Bo Kaeo, Luang Nam Tha and Sayabouri provinces of Laos. The Fakkham script can be found on various royal steles around Vientiane, dating from the beginning of the second quarter of the 16th century.
The Fakkham script can be considered the prototype for the Lao script. It has been suggested that the script is the source of the White, Black, and Red Tai writing systems found in eastern Yunnan, northern Laos, and Vietnam.
* Stone inscription in Fakkham script from Thailand
* The Wat Chiang Man inscription (CM1) in Fakkham script
* The Wat Lam Chang Inscription in Thai Lanna alphabet, 1444.

## Characteristics

The Fakkham script has 41 consonants, 22 vowels, 10 numerals and 6 kinds of diacritics. Words are written by adding a final consonant, vowel, diacritic or all three, to an initial consonant.
# Crnokrpe

Crnokrpe (Serbian Cyrillic: Црнокрпе; Albanian: Crnakrepë) is a village in the municipality of Rožaje, Montenegro.

## Demographics

According to the 2011 census, its population was 379.
Ethnicity in 2011 :
| Ethnicity | Number | Percentage |
| Bosniaks | 336 | 88.7% |
| Albanians | 26 | 6.9% |
| Montenegrins | 7 | 1.8% |
| other/undeclared | 10 | 2.6% |
| Total | 379 | 100% |
# Gumki

Gumki is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Czerwin, within Ostrołęka County, Masovian Voivodeship, in east-central Poland. It lies approximately 3 kilometres (2 mi) north-east of Czerwin, 20 km (12 mi) south-east of Ostrołęka, and 99 km (62 mi) north-east of Warsaw.
# Argentina–Japan relations

Argentina–Japan relations were established in the late 19th century. Argentina maintains an embassy in Tokyo and Japan maintains an embassy in Buenos Aires.

## Early contacts

According to a file of the Royal Court of Córdoba, Argentina, there was a Japanese young man baptized as Francisco Xapon, which indicated his arrival in the country. He was sold as a slave in 1596 by the slave merchant Diego López de Lisboa, to the priest Miguel Jerónimo de Porras. In 1598, Xapón won liberty at a trial, and was released. The history of Japanese-Argentine relations was influenced to a large extent by Argentina being a country of immigration. The first known Japanese to immigrate to Argentina arrived by boat in 1886. Among the Japanese to immigrate to Argentina was Professor Seizo Itoh, expert on agriculture, who came to Argentina in 1910 and worked to improve the level of agriculture in his new country.
The Empire of Japan and the Argentine Republic established formal diplomatic relations at a Legation level with a Treaty of Amity, Commerce and Navigation on February 3, 1898. Following the conclusion of the agreement, regular trade relations by sea began in 1899.
Argentina assisted Japan in the Russo-Japanese War by agreeing to sell Japan the cruiser Nisshin, which had originally been purchased for the Argentine Navy. However, prior to 1941, the main aspect of relations between Argentina and Japan was immigration, mostly of agricultural laborers. There are currently an estimated 10,000 people of Japanese descent living in Argentina.
Diplomatic relations between Japan and Argentina were raised to Embassy level in 1940, and the following year Rodolfo Morena was appointed the first Argentine Ambassador to Japan, while Akira Tomii became the first Japanese Ambassador to Argentina. Relations were severed in 1944, and on March 27, 1945, the Argentine government entered World War II on the Allied side and declared war on the Japanese Empire.

## Modern developments

Diplomatic relations were restored by the signing of the San Francisco Peace Treaty in 1952. Argentine president Arturo Frondizi visited Japan in 1960, and subsequently bilateral trade and Japanese investment into Argentina have increased in importance. Japanese imports were primarily foodstuffs and raw materials, while exports were mostly machinery and finished products. In addition, agreements on cooperation in various aspects were concluded. In 1963, the two governments concluded agreement on immigration, in 1967 a treaty of amity, commerce and navigation and in 1981 agreements on technical cooperation and cultural exchange.
Japanese cultural imports such as anime, video games, food, films, and music have had a significant impact in Argentina.

## High-level visits

Members of the Imperial Family of Japan have visited Argentina on a number of occasions, including Prince and Princess Takamado in 1991, Emperor and Empress Akihito in 1997 and Prince and Princess Akishino in 1998. Argentine President Raúl Alfonsín visit Japan in 1986, as did President Carlos Menem in 1990, 1993 and 1998.
# Al Waddan Hotel

The Al Waddan Hotel opened in 1936 as the Italian Uaddan Hotel & Casino.

## History

It is a historic hotel in Tripoli, Libya, located overlooking the bay, just east of Grand Hotel Tripoli. Historically it was the grandest hotel in Tripoli and was referenced by an American journalist as being "the Waldorf Astoria of Tripoli" and was named "a jewel of modern African architecture". It was built in 1935 at the same time as the Hotel Al Mehari.
It was designed by Italian architect Florestano Di Fausto, with the collaboration of Stefano Gatti-Casazza. It contained a casino and a 500-seat theatre.
It was completely restored at a cost of $16 million from 2007 to 2009 as an international luxury hotel and was managed for a number of years by InterContinental Hotels Group.
# Agalas

Agalas (Greek: Αγαλάς) is a village near the southwest coast of Zakynthos, spread over hills facing the Ionian Sea. Local places of interest include the Damianos caves, the Venetian Antronios wells, the Plakaki coast, the Vau Canyon, the squares of the windmills and views of the Ionian Sea.
The name "Agalas" exists in various forms; the most prevalent is the name derived from the word Rejoice (agallio in Greek), then is agallia became Agala, means feeling emotional happiness.