OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Chaophraya Thiphakorawong

Chaophraya Thiphakorawong (born Kham Bunnag (Thai: ขํา บุนนาค; RTGS: Kham Bunnak); 1 October 1813–1870) was a Thai aristocrat, government official, and scholar.

## Family

Kham Bunnag was born in 1813 into the powerful Bunnag family, a powerful Thai noble family of Persian ancestry. His father, Tish Bunnag, was a kinsman of the royal family who later served as regent for King Mongkut (Rama IV), while his brother Chuang Bunnag would go on to serve as regent for King Chulalongkorn (Rama V).

## Government service

Kham Bunnag entered the service of King Nangklao (Rama III), as an official in the Harbour Department. After the death of Rama III, the Bunnag family played a major role in selecting his successor. Kham's strong support for Mongkut earned him a role as Minister of State in 1853, Minister of the Treasury in 1855, and the title of Thiphakorawong in 1865.

## Scholarship

After ill health led to his retirement from public life in 1867, Thipakorawong spent the remainder of his life writing on history and religion. In 1867, he wrote his most famous work, Nangsue Sadaeng Kitchanukit ("A Book on Various Things"). Thipakorawong was commissioned by Chulalongkorn to write the history of the first four reigns of the Chakri dynasty, which he completed before his death in 1870. Though the history was complete by 1870, the section on the reign of Rama III was not published until 1934, due to a controversial section detailing a powerful prince's homosexual inclinations. Thipakorawong's historical works were often edited, particularly by Prince Damrong, to remove items that were considered scandalous or critical of the early monarchs.

## The Nangsue Sadaeng Kitchanukit

Thipakorawong's Nangsue Sadaeng Kitchanukit was a groundbreaking work, said to be both the first science textbook in Thai and the first Thai book to be printed without the assistance of Westerners. In this work, Thipakorawong argued against the literal truth of much traditional Buddhist cosmology (said to be contaminated by Brahmanism), while also attesting to the truth of Buddhist spiritual doctrines and the compatibility of modern science with Buddhism. He spent much of the book detailing how karma, reincarnation, and merit account for differences in social orders. While not necessarily derived from Mongkut's reforming views, it was clearly complementary to them.
The Nangsue Sadaeng Kitchanukit was translated into English by Henry Alabaster, an advisor to Chulalongkorn. Alabaster published his translation as the first part of his "The Wheel of the Law" in 1871. While generally regarded as a faithful translation, Alabaster's version omits many sections of Thipakorawong's work, including a defense of polygamy, and also includes his own commentary.
# Panagia Ekatontapiliani

Panagia Ekatontapiliani (Greek: Παναγία η Εκατονταπυλιανή); literally the church with 100 gates) or Panagia Katapoliani (Greek: Παναγία η Καταπολιανή) is a historic Byzantine church complex in Parikia town, on the island of Paros in Greece. The church complex contains a main chapel surrounded by two more chapels and a baptistery with a cruciform font.
The origin of the church's name is obscure, as it does not have one hundred doors, or gates. One theory suggests that it is a corruption of the name "Katapoliani", i.e. "Lower Town church", as it lies by the sea in the lower part of the town of Parikia.

## History

The church dates to 326. Its oldest features likely predate the adoption of Christianity as the state religion of the Roman Empire in 391. The church was purportedly founded by the mother of the Roman Emperor Constantine the Great (ruled 306–337), Saint Helen, during her pilgrimage to the Holy Land when she stopped to worship at a chapel on the island.
Later Justinian is credited for initiating construction on the site as well. The site was badly damaged by an earthquake in the 18th century, but gradually restored. The Ekatontapyliani is a renowned Marian pilgrimage church of the Aegean, second only to the famed Megalochare church on nearby Tinos Island.

## Legend

Although the name Ekatontapiliani means the Church with the Hundred Doors, it only has 99 at the moment. Legend has it that the church contains 99 known doors, plus a secret door that is hidden. It is believed that the hundredth door will open once the church of Hagia Sofia in Constantinople becomes an Orthodox Church again.
# Ryaki, Kozani

Ryaki (Greek: Ρυάκι) is a village and a community of the Kozani municipality. Before the 2011 local government reform it was part of the municipality of Ellispontos, of which it was a municipal district. The 2021 census recorded 183 inhabitants in the community. The community of Tetralofo covers an area of 18.149 km$^2$.

## People

* Kostas Peletidis (1953-), Greek cardiologist and Mayor of Patras
# Durbe Municipality

Durbe Municipality (Latvian: Durbes novads) is a former municipality in Courland, Latvia. The municipality was formed in 2000 by merging Tadaiķi parish and Durbe town with its countryside territory. In 2009 it absorbed Dunalka parish and Vecpils parish, the administrative centre being Lieģi. As of 2020, the population was 2,601.
Durbe Municipality ceased to exist on 1 July 2021, when it was merged into the newly formed South Kurzeme Municipality.
# Arzamassky District

Arzamassky District (Russian: Арзама́сский райо́н) is an administrative district (raion), one of the forty in Nizhny Novgorod Oblast, Russia. Municipally, it is incorporated as Arzamassky Municipal District. It is located in the southern central part of the oblast. The area of the district is 2,016.9 square kilometers (778.7 sq mi). Its administrative center is the city of Arzamas (which is not administratively a part of the district). Population: 43,723 (2010 Census); 46,086 (2002 Census); 54,491 (1989 Soviet census).

## History

The district was established in 1929.

## Administrative and municipal status

Within the framework of administrative divisions, Arzamassky District is one of the forty in the oblast. The city of Arzamas serves as its administrative center, despite being incorporated separately as a city of oblast significance—an administrative unit with the status equal to that of the districts.
As a municipal division, the district is incorporated as Arzamassky Municipal District. The city of oblast significance of Arzamas is incorporated separately from the district as Arzamas Urban Okrug.

## Transportation

A narrow gauge railway serving the Peshelan gypsum mine is located in the village of Bebyayevo.

## Notable residents

* Alena Arzamasskaia (died 1670), famed female rebel fighter, born in Vyezdnaya
* Valentina Telichkina (born 1945), actress, born in the village of Krasnoye
# Dimitrios Miaoulis

Dimitrios Miaoulis (Greek: Δημήτριος Μιαούλης, 1794–1836) was a Greek revolutionary leader.

## Biography

He was born in Hydra in 1794 and was the first son of the naval leader Andreas Miaoulis who participated in the Greek War of Independence from the Historic Hydrian family of Miaoulis.
He was educated into the navigation during his childhood years and with the outbreak of the revolution, he was the first to represent from all of his family. In April 1821, he was appointed by the community of Hydra as a fleet commander of the Hydrian boats which with the cooperation of Spetses ships sailed into the Gulf of Corinth in May.
In September 1825 he headed for England for asking the protection of Greece from England in the model of the United States of the Ionian Islands.
After the national he was ranked with a mark of a ship leader from the Royal Navy, after Kapodistrias, he was granted federal land.
He died in 1836. He was married to Maroussa Voudouri and he had three children, Andreas, Nikolaos, and Dimitrios.
# North Africa Medal

The North Africa Medal (French: Médaille d'Afrique du Nord) was a French commemorative medal established on 29 April 1997 by French President Jacques Chirac via decree 97-424, following an initiative of Pierre Pasquini, Minister for veterans' affairs and victims of war who expressed "the importance that an exceptional decoration be established for those who had fought in North Africa". Already in 1996, Minister Pasquini, President Chirac and Prime Minister Alain Juppé had requested that the existing "Title of the Nation's Gratitude" in the form of an official scroll already awarded to soldiers and civilians having served in North Africa between 1952 and 1962, finally be linked to the award of a specific medal.
Not all veterans awarded the "Title of the Nation's Gratitude" met the new medal's award prerequisites and almost immediately, new pressures were placed on the government for new medals or for a single one encompassing all bearers of the Title. It took five years for the new award to be established on 12 April 2002 by decree 2002-511. The "Medal of the Nation's Gratitude" would finally satisfy all involved parties.
The North Africa medal ceased to be awarded that very day following barely five years of existence. It was replaced by the Medal of the Nation's Gratitude with the clasp "AFRIQUE DU NORD" (English: NORTH AFRICA").

## Award statute

The North Africa medal was bestowed to French civilians and military personnel, as well as to foreign nationals serving in the ranks of the French Foreign Legion, who held the "Title of the Nation's Gratitude" (French: Titre de la Reconnaissance de la Nation) for at least ninety days service in:
* Algeria between 31 October 31, 1954 and 2 July 1962;
* Morocco between 31 June 1953 and 1 March 1956;
* Tunisia between 1 January 1952 and 19 March 1956.
The ninety-day period of service could be waived for personnel evacuated for treatment of wounds received during these operations. Award of the medal granted the bearer the same rights as the "Title of the Nation's Gratitude", namely the right to a collective pension fund and to have the French flag draping one's coffin upon death.
None can wear this medal that has been condemned to a fixed prison term of one year or more for a crime he committed.

## Award description

The North Africa medal was a 34mm in diameter gilded medal struck from bronze. The obverse bore the relief image of an Agadez cross (Southern cross) surrounded by the inscription also in relief "RÉPUBLIQUE FRANÇAISE" (English: "FRENCH REPUBLIC"). The reverse bore the relief inscription on two lines "MÉDAILLE" "D'AFRIQUE DU NORD" (English: "MEDAL" "OF NORTH AFRICA") over the relief image of a sprig of three oak leaves.
The medal hung from a ribbon passing through a ring through the medal's ball shaped suspension loop. The 34mm wide sand coloured silk moiré ribbon bore inverted 34mm wide and 3mm thick blue chevrons. The undress ribbon bore three such chevrons.

## Notable recipients (partial list)

* General Pierre Vincent
* General Denis Mercier
* General Benoît Puga
* General Bruno Dary
* General Marcel Valentin
* Captain Hubert Clément
* Sergeant Gilles Mourey
# Hartley Booth

Vernon Edward Hartley Booth (born 17 July 1946) is a former British Conservative Party politician. From 1999 to 2012 he was chairman of the Uzbek British Trade and Industry Council at UK Trade & Investment.

## Early life and career

Booth was educated at Queen's College, Taunton, the University of Bristol and Downing College, Cambridge, where he graduated with LLM and PhD degrees. Called to the Bar at the Inner Temple in 1970, he was in legal practice for the next 14 years.

## Political career

In 1984 Booth became a special adviser to Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher and a member of the Number 10 Policy Unit. During his time there he and Oliver Letwin, a fellow Policy Unit adviser, co-authored a memo which argued that the government ought not to regenerate certain inner cities, claiming that black youths would use the money for the "discotheque and drug trade", and added: "So long as these bad moral attitudes remain, efforts to improve the inner cities will flounder." However, Booth has (unlike Letwin) "largely escaped notice" with regard to co-authoring the memo.
Having stood unsuccessfully for Hackney North and Stoke Newington in 1983, Booth succeeded Margaret Thatcher as the Conservative Member of Parliament for Finchley from the 1992 general election until the constituency was abolished in the 1997 general election.
Booth resigned in February 1994 as a parliamentary private secretary to Douglas Hogg, then the Foreign Office minister of state, after newspaper reports of a relationship with House of Commons researcher Emily Barr. Despite his resignation, Booth insists that "there was no sexual impropriety" between himself and Barr. This was politically embarrassing to the John Major government of the time, following the backlash of Major's Back to Basics initiative, and in January 2015, the satirical magazine Private Eye criticised Booth for his alleged hypocrisy, saying it went against his recommendations in the newly released 1985 memo that the government should instill values of "personal responsibility, basic honesty, [and respect for] the law and the police" from an early age. Barr went on to be a successful journalist and novelist.
Booth lost a bruising nomination battle with the Hendon South MP John Marshall for the new Finchley and Golders Green constituency, and was unsuccessful in finding another seat before the election. Marshall lost the 1997 general election to Labour's Rudi Vis.

## Personal life

A Methodist lay preacher with a wife and three children, Booth is related to the founders of The Salvation Army.

## Publication

Booth, with Mark Mallon who had been his constituency election campaign manager, co-wrote and self-published a book on the subject of long-term unemployment and homelessness, titled Return ticket : one hundred and one stories of long-term unemployed people who successfully made the journey back to work (publisher Lennard, isbn 1-85291-123-9.)
# Methoni, Pieria

Methoni (Greek: Μεθώνη Πιερίας) is a village and a former municipality in Pieria regional unit, Greece. Since the 2011 local government reform it is part of the municipality Pydna-Kolindros, of which it is a municipal unit.

## Geography
### Administrative division

The municipal unit of Methoni consists of the communities of Makrygialos, Methoni, Nea Agathoupoli and Palaio Eleftherochori. The seat of the former municipality of Methoni, that ceased to exist after the 2011 local government reform was in Makrygialos. The municipal unit has an area of 34.286 km$^2$, the community 10.321 km$^2$.

### Population

The population of the community of Methoni is 587 people and that of the municipal unit of Methoni is 2,663 people as of 2021.
# Bogorodsk, Bogorodsky District, Nizhny Novgorod Oblast

Bogorodsk (Russian: Богоро́дск) is a town and the administrative center of Bogorodsky District in Nizhny Novgorod Oblast, Russia, located 43 kilometers (27 mi) southwest of Nizhny Novgorod, the administrative center of the oblast. Population: 35,499 (2010 Census); 37,095 (2002 Census); 38,401 (1989 Soviet census).

## History

It has been known since 1570 as the village of Bogorodichnoye, Bogoroditskoye, or Bogorodskoye. It was granted town status in 1923.

## Administrative and municipal status

Within the framework of administrative divisions, Bogorodsk serves as the administrative center of Bogorodsky District. As an administrative division, it is incorporated within Bogorodsky District as the town of district significance of Bogorodsk. As a municipal division, the town of district significance of Bogorodsk is incorporated within Bogorodsky Municipal District as Bogorodsk Urban Settlement.

## Economy

Bogorodsk is one of the oldest centers of the leather industry in Russia.
The NRING Circuit is located in Bogorodsk, and is used for Russian national motor racing events.
# FC Smena Komsomolsk-na-Amure

FC Smena Komsomolsk-na-Amure (Russian: ФК «Смена» Комсомольск-на-Амуре) is a Russian football club from Komsomolsk-on-Amur, founded in 1935. It played in the Russian Professional Football League. It played professionally in 1946, 1957–1970, 1978–1994 and from 2002 to 2018. It reached the second-highest level (Soviet First League and Russian First Division) in 1957–1962 and 1992.
They won their Russian Professional Football League zone East in the 2015–16 season, but did not participate in the second-tier 2016–17 Russian Football National League as they don't have necessary financing. Their main source of income is Khabarovsk Krai which already finances another FNL team FC SKA-Energiya Khabarovsk and doesn't have necessary expenses budgeted for a second FNL team.
Before the 2018–19 season, the league proposed splitting the East zone of the PFL into two new zones - Siberia and Far East, as it was difficult for teams based in Siberia to afford travel to Far East. However, the largest number of teams that would be potentially ready to compete in the new proposed Far East zone was 4, which was not sustainable for the full season. Smena was forced to drop out of the professional competition to the amateur levels.

## Team name history

* 1935–1945 Stroitel
* 1946–1956 Dynamo
* 1957–1959 Lokomotiv
* 1960–1977 Avangard
* 1978–1999 Amur
* 1999–2001 KnAAPO-Smena
* 2002–present Smena
# Exochi, Kozani

Exochi (Greek: Εξοχή) is a village and a community in the Kozani municipality. Before the 2011 local government reform, it was part of the municipality of Kozani, of which it was a municipal district. The 2021 census recorded 122 inhabitants in the community. The community of Exochi covers an area of 16.92 km$^2$.

## History

Before the Greco-Turkish population exchange the village, called Bairakli, was inhabited exclusively by Turks. After the population exchange the village was resettled by Greek refugees. The original settlement was evacuated in 1980, as the Public Power Corporation of Greece expanded its lignite mines towards the village. The contemporary settlement of Exochi is adjacent to the community of Koila.
# 1222 Cyprus earthquake

The 1222 Cyprus earthquake occurred at about 06:15 UTC on 11 May. It had an estimated magnitude of 7.0–7.5 and triggered a paleotsunami that was recorded in Libya and Alexandria. The strongest shaking was felt in Nicosia, Limassol and Paphos. Many people died, although there are no estimates for the total number of casualties.

## Tectonic setting

The estimated location of the earthquake is on the southwestern coast of Cyprus and is thought to be associated with the Cyprus arc. The Cyprus arc is part of the plate boundary zone that accommodates the motion of the African plate relative to the Anatolian plate. The relative motion of the Anatolian plate is almost entirely westwards relative to the African plate. In the eastern part of the arc, earthquakes are entirely strike-slip in character. To the west they show a combination of thrust faulting and strike-slip. A major NE-SW trending strike-slip structure has been identified just west of Cyprus, that is responsible for larger earthquakes in this area.

## Damage

Much damage was caused at Limassol and Nicosia and other parts of the island, but the greatest damage was done at Paphos, where there was great loss of life. Paphos Castle, a Byzantine fort, was destroyed and had to be rebuilt by the Lusignans. A modern excavation at Paphos Castle found the remains of a man who apparently climbed into the castle's main drain to escape the earthquake but was trapped there by falling masonry. The sea retreated from the harbour but returned and flooded the town. A church is said to have fallen, burying the bishop and his congregation. Monks of the Franciscan order abandoned their church in Paphos after the earthquake. The castle of Saranta Kolones, built only 30 years earlier overlooking the harbour, was destroyed by the earthquake. It was never rebuilt, as it was no longer needed to protect the port, which had dried up. The earthquake permanently changed Paphos, rendering the harbour unusable, and moving the shoreline seawards; it no longer had a protected anchorage.

## Characteristics

The estimated magnitude for this event is 7.0–7.5 with a maximum estimated felt intensity of IX (Violent).
# 2019 King's Cup

The 2019 Annual King's Cup Football Tournament (Thai: ฟุตบอลชิงถ้วยพระราชทานคิงส์คัพ 2019), commonly referred to as 2019 King's Cup, was the 47th King's Cup, the annual international men's football tournament organised by Football Association of Thailand. It was held in Buriram, Thailand, from 5 to 8 June 2019. Two matches were held on 5 June, the winners of which qualified for the final. The two other teams played the play-off for the 3rd spot.
As hosts, Thailand participated automatically in the tournament; they were joined by the CONCACAF team Curaçao and AFC teams Vietnam and India.
Defending champions Slovakia did not participate.

## Participating teams

The following teams have participated for the tournament.
| Country | Association | Sub-confederation | Confederation | FIFA Ranking | Previous best performance |
| Thailand (host) | FAT | AFF | AFC | 114 | Champions (fifteen titles; last title: 2017) |
| Curaçao | FFK | CFU | CONCACAF | 82 | Debut |
| India | AIFF | SAFF | AFC | 101 | Third Place (1977) |
| Vietnam | VFF | AFF | AFC | 98 | Runner up (2006) |
* $^1$ FIFA Ranking as of 4 April 2019.
* $^2$ Curaçao replaced El Salvador which withdrew from the tournament. El Salvador themselves replaced China which initially planned to enter the tournament.

## Venue

* Buriram
* Chang Arena
* Capacity: 32,600

## Matches

All times are local, Indochina Time (UTC+7)

### Match rules

* 90 minutes.
* Penalty shoot-out after a draw in 90 minutes.
* Maximum of three substitutions.

### Bracket

| Semi-finals | Semi-finals | Final | Final |
| 5 June – Buriram | 5 June – Buriram |
| Curaçao | 3 |
| Curaçao | 3 | 8 June – Buriram | 8 June – Buriram |
| India | 1 | 8 June – Buriram | 8 June – Buriram |
| India | 1 | Curaçao (p) | 1 (5) |
| 5 June – Buriram | 5 June – Buriram | | Curaçao (p) | 1 (5) |
| 5 June – Buriram | 5 June – Buriram | Vietnam | 1 (4) |
| Thailand | 0 | Vietnam | 1 (4) |
| Vietnam | 1 | | |
| Vietnam | 1 | Third place | Third place |
| | | 8 June – Buriram | 8 June – Buriram |
| | | India | 1 |
| | | Thailand | 0 |

### Final
## Winners

* The 47th Annual King's Cup Football Tournament Champions
* Curaçao 1st title

## Final ranking

| Pos | Team | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | Pts | Final result |
| 1 | Curaçao | 2 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 4 | 2 | +2 | 4 | Champions |
| 2 | Vietnam | 2 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 1 | +1 | 4 | Runners-up |
| 3 | India | 2 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | −1 | 3 | Third place |
| 4 | Thailand (H) | 2 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 2 | −2 | 0 | Fourth place |

## Broadcasting rights

| Country | Television broadcaster | Online streaming | Ref |
| India | Star Sports 3 | Hotstar | |
| Thailand | Thairath TV | Not available | |
| Vietnam | VTC Digital Television | Not available | |
| South Korea | MBC Sports+ | MBC | 2 Vietnam matches only (semi-final and final) |
# Fone

Fone could be:
* A misspelling of phone, short for telephone
* The name of Fone Bone, a character in the Bone comics series
* Steve Fone (born 1987), English ice-hockey player
# Bobrovo (village, Primorsky District, Arkhangelsk Oblast)

Bobrovo (Russian: Боброво) is a rural locality (a village) in Koskogorskoye Rural Settlement of Primorsky District, Arkhangelsk Oblast, Russia. The population was 29 as of 2010. There are 3 streets.

## Geography

Bobrovo is located 43 km southeast of Arkhangelsk (the district's administrative centre) by road. Bobrovo (settlement) is the nearest rural locality.
# Ross Atkinson McEwing

Ross Atkinson McEwing (October 17, 1888 – 1966) was a farmer and politician in Ontario, Canada. He represented Wellington North in the Legislative Assembly of Ontario from 1937 to 1951 as a Liberal.
The son of James McEwing, who also served in the Ontario assembly, and Louisa S. Atkinson, he was born in Maryborough township. In 1913, he married Florence Grose. McEwing was a vice-president of the Union Telephone Company and served on municipal council from 1932 to 1937.