OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# AKM Nazir Ahmed

A. K. M. Nazir Ahmad (c. 1939 – January 7, 2014) was an Islamist politician in Pakistan and later Bangladesh. At the time of his death, he was Nayeb-e-Ameer of Bangladesh Jamaat-e-Islami.

## Early life and education

Ahmad was born in 1939 in the village of Boalia, Bengal Presidency, British India (now in Borura Upazila of the district of Comilla in Bangladesh). After completing his primary and secondary education, he obtained Bachelor of Arts (Hons) in English from Dhaka University in 1962. A year later in 1963, he obtained an M. A. from the same university.

## Politics

He was actively involved in student politics since 1960 and was the Central President of East Pakistan Islami Chhatra Sangha. After finishing his studies, he joined Jamaat-e-Islami in 1965. Within a short time, he was appointed the Ameer of Comilla division in 1967. Throughout his political tenure, he served as member of Majlis-e-Shura, Central Working Committee and executive committee.
In 2009, he was appointed Nayeb-e-Ameer of Bangladesh Jamaat-e-Islami, a post he held till his death.

## Arrest

On December 11, 2011, Ahmad, along with 6 other leaders of Bangladesh Jamaat-e-Islami, was sent to jail in connection with two cases filed for damaging vehicles, assaulting police and obstructing them from discharging their duties on September 19, 2011 at Bijoynagar in the capital city.

## Death

Ahmed died in Ibn Sina hospital in Dhaka on the night of January 7, 2014 following a severe heart attack and hospitalization under life support for more than 10 days. Relatives said that his deteriorating health had been a result of a heart attack following news that his son had been arrested by police. He was 74 years old. Condolence messages were issued by Bangladesh Jamaat-e-Islami Acting Ameer Maqbul Ahmed and Acting Sec-Gen Shafiqur Rahman, Ameer of Jamaat-e-Islami Hind Maulana Syed Jalaluddin Omari among others.
# Aircruise

Aircruise is a concept hydrogen airship envisioned as the combination of cruise ship and luxury hotel, designed by the UK company Seymourpowell. Its design director is Nick Talbot. It has attracted the attention of Samsung Construction and Trading, for whom a concept video was produced. It was later revealed that the concept was a publicity stunt by Seymourpowell, and nothing like this concept could ever work.

## Specifications

The Aircruise would be a solar and hydrogen fuel cell-powered airship. According to its design specifications, it would be 265 m (869 ft) tall containing 330,000 m$^3$ (12,000,000 cu ft) of air and would carry a payload of 396 t (390 long tons; 437 short tons). It was "designed" to carry about 100 passengers with a flight crew of 6, 2 of whom are flight engineers, and another 14 supporting staff to look after passengers. The airship will use large Polymer Electrolyte Membrane hydrogen-power fuel cells to power in-flight electricity and drinking water.
It would have glass floors for passengers to view the land and sea beneath.
Its land speed would depend on the wind, but it would supposedly be capable of traveling at 100 to 150 km/h (62 to 93 mph), in calm conditions.

## Critical response

The Aircruise concept received generally favourable criticism, much to the embarrassment of reporters when the hoax was revealed. For example, The Daily Telegraph stated that it could herald a new era of luxury travel. Coverage in The Scotsman welcomed it as attractive for its environmental friendliness.

### Eco friend

Ordinary cruise ships release three times as much greenhouse gas as a Boeing 747 per passenger and 36 times as much as the Eurostar. The Aircruise was thus claimed to be an eco friendly alternative, with its zero emission design.
# Arad Technical High School for Constructions and Environmental Protection

The Arad Technical High School for Constructions and Environmental Protection (Romanian: Colegiul Tehnic de Construcții și Protecția Mediului Arad; TCCEP) is a high school located at 10C Ioan Fluieraș Street, Arad, Romania.
The school was founded in 1962 as the Medium Hidrotehnics and Meteorology School and has gone through several name changes. The current name was adopted in 1997 following a ministerial evaluation from the Arad County School Board which granted the title of College.
# John Menton (athlete)

John Menton (born 2 May 1970) is an Irish athlete. He competed in the men's discus throw at the 2000 Summer Olympics.
# Iwowe

Iwowe is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Borowie, within Garwolin County, Masovian Voivodeship, in east-central Poland. It lies approximately 19 kilometres (12 mi) north-east of Garwolin and 65 km (40 mi) south-east of Warsaw.
# Bisali Union

Bisali Union (Bengali: বিছালী ইউনিয়ন) is a Union parishad of Narail Sadar Upazila, Narail District in Khulna Division of Bangladesh. Bisali Union has an area of 34.29 km2 (13.24 sq mi) and a population of 21,010.
# Yelena Akhaminova

Yelena Rabigovna Sokolovskaya (née Akhaminova) (Russian: Еле́на Раби́говна Соколо́вская (Ахами́нова)) (born 5 October 1961 in Sverdlovsk) is a Soviet Russian-born Ukrainian former volleyball player and coach. As a player for the Soviet Union she is an Olympic gold medallist (in 1980) and European champion (in 1979).

## Player career

Sokolovskaya played from 1977 until 2002 for clubs in the Russian SFSR, Ukrainian SSR, Finland, Post-Soviet Ukraine, and Poland. She won many titles including the CEV Women's Champions League, CEV Cup, USSR Championship, Soviet Cup, Polish Championship and Polish Cup.
She played for the Soviet Union national team at junior and senior level from 1979 to 1983, taking part of the World Championship (in 1982) and becoming Olympic champion (in 1980), World Cup bronze medallist (in 1981), European champion (in 1979) and European silver medallist (in 1981 and in 1983).

### Clubs

* Uralochka Sverdlovsk (1977–1982)
* Medin Odesa (1982–1989)
* Haukiputaan Heitto (1989–1993)
* Dinamo-Jinestra Odesa (1993–1994)
* Chemik Police (1994–1995)
* ? (1995–2002)
* Khimik Yuzhne (2002–2003)

## Coach career

In 2006, Sokolovskaya was appointed head coach of Ukrainian women's volleyball club VC Jinestra (previously called Dinamo-Jinestra Odesa). She won twice the Ukrainian Cup and finished four times as runners up of the Ukrainian Super League during her six seasons as coach, before the club folded in 2012.

## Honours and awards
### Individual Achievements

* 1980 - Merited Master of Sports of the USSR

### Team Achievements - Player
#### National team

    Junior
* 1979 Women's Junior European Volleyball Championship – Gold medal
* 1979 Summer Universiade – Gold medal
    Senior
* 1979 European Championship – Gold medal
* 1980 Olympic Games – Gold medal
* 1981 European Championship – Silver medal
* 1981 World Cup – Bronze medal
* 1983 European Championship – Silver medal

#### Club

* 1978 USSR Championship - Champion (with Uralochka Sverdlovsk)
* 1979 USSR Championship - Champion (with Uralochka Sverdlovsk)
* 1980 USSR Championship - Champion (with Uralochka Sverdlovsk)
* 1980-81 CEV Champions League - Champion (with Uralochka Sverdlovsk)
* 1981 USSR Championship - Champion (with Uralochka Sverdlovsk)
* 1981–82 CEV Champions League - Champion (with Uralochka Sverdlovsk)
* 1982 USSR Championship - Champion (with Uralochka Sverdlovsk)
* 1983 Soviet Cup - Champion (with Medin Odesa)
* 1983 CEV Cup - Champion (with Medin Odesa)
* 1994-95 Polish Championship - Champion (with Chemik Police)
* 1995 Polish Cup - Champion (with Chemik Police)

### Team Achievements - Coaching
#### Club

* 2010 Ukrainian Cup - Champion (with Dinamo-Jinestra Odesa)
* 2011 Ukrainian Cup - Champion (with Dinamo-Jinestra Odesa)
# Svitlodarsk

Svitlodarsk (Ukrainian: Світлодарськ, IPA:; Russian: Светлодарск, romanized: Svetlodarsk) is a city in Bakhmut Raion, Donetsk Oblast, eastern Ukraine. The city has a population of 11,127 (2022 estimate).
It is an industrial town, built as the home for the Vuhlehirska power station.
During the war in Donbas that began in 2014, the city was near the frontline with the separatist Donetsk People's Republic. Because of the conflict, the number of residents shrank to a few thousand by 2015. In 2016, it was the site of the bloody battle of Svitlodarsk. It was a city of district significance until that designation was abolished in 2020.
On 24 May 2022, during the Russian invasion of Ukraine, the city was captured by Russian forces as part of the battle of Donbas.

## Demographics

As of the Ukrainian national census in 2001, 13,203 people were residing in the city. Accounting for over 60% of the population, ethnic Ukrainians make up the majority of the local population, while almost 37% of the population claims to have a Russian background. The exact ethnic composition was as follows:
Ethnic groups in Svitlodarsk
percent
Ukrainians
60.25%
Russians
36.71%
Belarusians
1.17%
Ukrainian Greeks
0.35%
Armenians
0.29%
Tatars
0.12%
Moldovans
0.14%
Tatars
0.12% :
In terms of languages, Svitlodarsk is predominantly Russian-speaking. Three out of four persons claimed to use Russian as their primary language, while the remaining quarter, with only very few exceptions, spoke Ukrainian as their first language. The exact lingual composition as of the Ukrainian Census of 2001 was:
Native languages in Svitlodarsk
percent
Russian
75.0%
Ukrainian
24.6%
Belarusian
0.1%
Armenian
0.1%
others
0.2% :
# Ban Pa Kai railway halt

Ban Pa Kai Halt (Thai: ที่หยุดรถบ้านป่าไก่) is a railway halt located in Pa Kai Subdistrict, Pak Tho District, Ratchaburi. It is located 114.5 km (71.1 mi) from Thon Buri Railway Station.

## Services

* Ordinary 251/252 Bang Sue Junction-Prachuap Khiri Khan-Bang Sue Junction
# Eun Tin Loy

Eun Tin Loy (born 4 March 1939) is a Malaysian weightlifter. He competed in the men's lightweight event at the 1968 Summer Olympics.
# Euphantus

Euphantus (Greek: Εὔφαντος; fl. c. 320 BCE) of Olynthus was a philosopher of the Megarian school as well as a historian and tragic poet. He was the disciple of Eubulides of Miletus, and the instructor of Antigonus II Gonatas king of Macedonia. He wrote many tragedies, which were well received at the games. He also wrote a very highly esteemed work, On Kingship (Greek: Περὶ Βασιλείας), addressed to Antigonus, and a history of his own times. He lived to a great age.
Athenaeus refers to Euphantus relating a detail about Ptolemy III Euergetes of Egypt, who reigned much later. The discrepancy has been explained variously, by supposing the existence of an Egyptian Euphantus, or by amending "III" to "I".
# Larization

Larization is the de-dollarization of Georgian currency – the Lari. The term may have two meanings:
* Larization - the percentage share of Lari in all currency usage. For example: loan (deposits) larization - the percentage share of loans (deposits) disbursed (received) in Lari, in the total amount of loans (deposits) disbursed (received) by commercial banks. Larization of the economy - percentage share of Lari in the total money supply of the Georgian economy.
* Larization - a process when the percentage of Lari in the economy is increasing. This process may be triggered by Economic agents in the country who prefer national currency to foreign currency for transactions, prefer to keep (of their own free will) their savings in national currency instead of foreign currency and also take loans (of their own free will) in national currency instead of foreign currency. They set prices on goods (including durable consumption goods: flat, car, etc.) in national currency instead of foreign currency.
As a consequence of increased larization, since 2016 Georgia has witnessed an increase in inflation, due to having an unnaturally high level of monetary supply.
# Tritaia

Tritaia (Greek: Τριταία) is a former municipality in Achaea, West Greece, Greece. Since the 2011 local government reform it is part of the municipality Erymanthos, of which it is a municipal unit. The municipal unit has an area of 244.798 km$^2$. The seat of the municipality was in Stavrodromi. Tritaia was named after the ancient Achaean city Tritaea, which was located near the present village Agia Marina. Tritaia is situated in mountainous southern Achaea, on the border with Elis. It nearly surrounds the municipal unit Kalentzi. Mount Erymanthos is located in the eastern part of Tritaia. The Greek National Road 33 (Patras - Tripoli) runs through Tritaia.

## Subdivisions

The municipal unit Tritaia is subdivided into the following communities (constituent villages in brackets):
* Agia Varvara (Agia Varvara, Galaros)
* Agia Marina (Agia Marina, Kato Agia Marina)
* Al(e)pochori (Alpochori, Agios Dimitrios)
* Chiona
* Drosia (Drosia, Kato Drosia, Koumperi, Pteri)
* Erymantheia
* Kalfas (Kalfas, Masouraiika)
* Manesi Patron (Manesi, Golemi, Kato Mastrantoni, Mastrantonis)
* Roupakia
* Skiadas (Skiadas, Barakes, Karpeta, Pigadia)
* Skouras (Skouras, Kardasi)
* Spartia (Spartia, Kyparissi)
* Stavrodromi (Stavrodromi, Panousaiika, Rachi, Xirochori)
* Velimachi

## Population

| Year | Population |
| 1991 | 5,051 |
| 2001 | 5,462 |
| 2011 | 3,086 |
| 2021 | 3,056 |

## History

According to Greek mythology, the city Triteia was founded by Melanippus, son of Ares and Triteia, daughter of the sea-god Triton. It was one of the twelve cities of the ancient Achaeans. The remains of Triteia have been discovered near the village Agia Marina.
The name was reused for the municipality Tritaia that was created in 1835, which covered parts of the present municipal units Tritaia and Olenia. It was dissolved in 1912 and recreated in 1998 under the Capodistrian Plan. In 2011 Tritaia became part of the new municipality Erymanthos.

## Sports

The football clubs AO Tritaikos and Thyella Skiada both play on the dry field in Stavrodromi.
# Intelligent Robotics Group

Intelligent Robotics Group (IRG) is a division of the Ames Research Center at Moffett Federal Airfield in California's Silicon Valley.

## Description

The 2009 Director of the Intelligent Robotics Group Terry Fong stated in an interview that:
   IRG conducts applied research in a wide range of areas, including computer vision, geospatial data systems, human–robot interaction, interactive 3-D visualization and robot software architecture. In 2009, we co-developed "Mars in Google Earth" and "Moon in Google Earth" with Google; we remotely operated one of our K10 planetary rovers to scout portions of Black Point Lava Flow (in Arizona); and we used our GigaPan robotic camera for science, education and journalism.
   The Intelligent Robotics Group (IRG) explores extreme environments, remote locations, and uncharted worlds [and] conduct[s] applied research in computer vision, geospatial data systems, human-robot interaction, planetary mapping and robot software.
# Küçükköy, Ardeşen

Küçükköy is a village in the Ardeşen District, Rize Province, in Black Sea Region of Turkey. Its population is 115 (2021).

## History

According to list of villages in Laz language book (2009), name of the village is Tsxuleti, which means "with pear". Most villagers are ethnically Laz.

## Geography

The village is located 13 kilometres (8.1 mi) away from Ardeşen.
# Kuy-e Hejrat

Kuy-e Hejrat (Persian: كوئ هجرت, also Romanized as Kūy-e Hejrat; also known as Kahūrtak) is a village in Cheraghabad Rural District, Tukahur District, Minab County, Hormozgan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 356, in 73 families.
# Tønder County

Tønder County (Danish: Tønder Amt) is a former province in Denmark, located the south-western part of Southern Jutland. Tønder County was established in 1920 following the reunification of Denmark with South Jutland following the Schleswig Plebiscites. It was dissolved in 1970 when the bulk of the county merged with three other counties to form South Jutland County. Tønder County corresponded geographically to the northern part of the former Prussian Kreis Tondern except for Hviding Herred, which had been part of Kreis Hadersleben. Kreis Tondern had in turn been established in 1867 in order to simplify the intricate administrative structures of the Duchy of Schleswig, and was formed from regions belonging to Ribe County (exclaves of Denmark) and Løgumkloster County (parts of Schleswig).
The southern part of Kreis Tondern remained German and became Kreis Südtondern, with the seat transferred to Niebüll. In 1970, Kreis Südtondern merged into Kreis Nordfriesland.

## 1970 administrative reform

Three northern parishes of Tønder County were transferred to Ribe County in the 1970 administrative reform. The rest of the province formed eight new municipalities belonging to South Jutland County:
* Bredebro
* Gram
* Højer
* Løgumkloster
* Nørre-Rangstrup
* Skærbæk
* Tønder
* Tinglev

## List of former hundreds (herreder)

* Hviding Herred
* Slogs Herred
* Tønder, Højer og Lø Herred
# Jessica Vitak

Jessica Vitak is an American information scientist who is an associate professor at the University of Maryland. She is faculty in the University of Maryland College of Information Studies (iSchool) and Communication Department. She serves as Director of the University of Maryland Human–Computer Interaction Lab (HCIL) and an Associate Member of the Social Data Science Center (SoDa).

## Early life and education

Vitak studied journalism and communication at Elon University. After completing undergraduate studies, she moved to Washington, D.C. and worked for PR Newswire. She earned a master's degree from Georgetown University in Communication, Culture, and Technology, where Linda Garcia was the advisor for her thesis titled Facebook "Friends": How Online Identities Impact Offline Relationships. While at Georgetown, she also worked as a research intern at the Pew Research Center. She earned her doctorate from Michigan State University, joining the research team of Nicole Ellison and Cliff Lampe. Her doctoral research investigated the relationship between Facebook use and maintenance strategies.

## Research and career

At UMD, Vitak was appointed as director of the Center for the Advanced Study of Communities and Information in 2016, and simultaneously became associate director of the Human Computer Interaction Lab. She became the director of HCIL in 2021. Vitak has continued to study how new technologies can benefit and harm humans. She studies the underlying motivations for people's behaviors, how humans perceive risks when they approach new technologies, and how policy makers can do more to convey critical information.
Vitak's research has focused on networked privacy and data ethics, identifying the privacy risks of new communication technologies and developing tools, curricula, games, and other resources to increase children and adults' understanding of privacy and security.

## Selected publications

* Lenhart, Amanda (2008). Teens, video games, and civics. Pew Internet & American Life Project. OCLC 263976244.
* Vitak, Jessica; Zube, Paul; Smock, Andrew; Carr, Caleb T.; Ellison, Nicole; Lampe, Cliff (2011). "It's Complicated: Facebook Users' Political Participation in the 2008 Election". Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking. 14 (3): 107–114. doi:10.1089/cyber.2009.0226. ISSN 2152-2715. PMID 20649449. S2CID 15543163.
* Vitak, Jessica (2012). "The impact of context collapse and privacy on social network site disclosures". Journal of Broadcasting & Electronic Media. 56 (4): 451–470. doi:10.1080/08838151.2012.732140. S2CID 55538443.
* Ellison, Nicole B.; Vitak, Jessica; Gray, Rebecca; Lampe, Cliff (2014-03-19). "Cultivating Social Resources on Social Network Sites: Facebook Relationship Maintenance Behaviors and Their Role in Social Capital Processes". Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication. 19 (4): 855–870. doi:10.1111/jcc4.12078. hdl:2027.42/108031. ISSN 1083-6101. S2CID 15898038.
# Communist Party of Nepal (Unity Centre–Masal)

The Communist Party of Nepal (Unity Centre–Masal) (Nepali: नेपाल कम्युनिष्ट पार्टी (एकता केन्द्र–मसाल)), abbreviated CPN (UC–M) was an underground communist party in Nepal. The CPN (UC–M) was formed in 2002 through the merger of Communist Party of Nepal (Unity Centre) and Communist Party of Nepal (Masal).

## History

The merger of the two parties was announced at a public meeting on April 22, 2002, by the general secretaries of the two parties, Ram Singh Shris of CPN (Masal) and Narayan Kaji Shrestha (Prakash) of CPN (UC). The founding general secretary of CPN (UC–M) was Mohan Bikram Singh. The two electoral mass fronts of the two parties, Samyukta Janamorcha Nepal and Rastriya Janamorcha, merged to form Janamorcha Nepal. The Janamorcha Nepal joined the Seven Party Alliance and took an active part in the 2006 Loktantra Andolan.

### Splits and dissolution

After the end of the direct-rule by King Gyandendra in April 2006 the CPN (Unity Centre–Masal) was split into four. A minor faction broke away and formed the Communist Party of Nepal (2006), the party later merged into the CPN (Maoist) Mohan Bikram Singh broke away and formed a parallel CPN (Unity Centre–Masal), which later renamed itself to CPN (Masal). The party also formed a parallel Janamorcha Nepal, later Rastriya Janamorcha, led by Chitra Bahadur K.C. and took away with three members of the Interim Parliament from Janamorcha Nepal because of Singh's opposition towards joining the interim government. The other split emerged when Ram Singh Sris broke away with two members of the Interim Parliament from Janamorcha Nepal. The faction also had its own parallel Janamorcha Nepal led by Chitra Bahadur Ale. The faction later merged with other splinter groups of other communist parties and formed CPN (Unified).
After various splits in the party, Narayan Kaji Shrestha became the general secretary. The party joined the Communist Party of Nepal to form the Unified Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist) on 13 January 2009. The women's wing of CPN (UC–M) is led by Surya Thapa (president) and Anjana Bisankhe (general secretary). The students wing of CPN (UC–M) was All Nepal National Free Students Union (Unified), while the cultural wing of CPN (UC–M) was called Indreni-Raktim Cultural Family. Fronts in India included All India Nepalese Unity Society (Mainstream) and All India Nepali Students Association. The CPN (UC–M) participated in the International Conference of Marxist–Leninist Parties and Organizations (International Newsletter).

## Ideology

The CPN (Unity Centre–Masal) adhered to Marxism–Leninism–Mao Zedong Thought as its ideological basis. CPN (UC–M) favoured a negotiated settlement of the Nepalese Civil War. Their proposal, put forward together with other leftists, was to hold a constituent assembly. The party also opposed US involvement in Nepal.