OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Péniche Opéra

La Péniche Opéra is a small French opera company which performs on a barge. When performing in Paris, the barge is moored opposite of No.46, quai de Loire, in the 19th district of Paris.
It was founded by director Mireille Larroche, Ivan Matiakh, Béatrice Cramoix and Pierre Danais in 1982, and became recognised, and subsidised as a Compagnie Lyrique Nationale in 1998. The "barge opera" was in residence at the Paris Opéra Comique from 1998 to 2007 but has travelled by canal to be associated artist of the Opéra de Toulon from 2003 to 2007.
Since 9 March 2016, it's being managed by Geoffroy Jourdain and Olivier Michel, who changed the institution's brand to POP.
# Plutarch of Athens

Plutarch of Athens (Greek: Πλούταρχος ὁ Ἀθηναῖος; c. 350 – 430 AD) was a Greek philosopher and Neoplatonist who taught in Athens at the beginning of the 5th century. He reestablished the Platonic Academy there and became its leader. He wrote commentaries on Aristotle and Plato, emphasizing the doctrines which they had in common.

## Life

He was the son of Nestorius and father of Hierius and Asclepigenia, who were his colleagues in the school. The origin of Neoplatonism in Athens is not known, but Plutarch is generally seen as the person who reestablished Plato's Academy in its Neoplatonist form. Plutarch and his followers (so-called the "Platonic Succession") claimed to be the disciples of Iamblichus, and through him of Porphyry and Plotinus. Numbered among his disciples were Syrianus, who succeeded him as head of the school, and Proclus.

## Philosophy

Plutarch's main principle was that the study of Aristotle must precede that of Plato, and like the Middle Platonists believed in the continuity between the two authors. With this object he wrote a commentary on Aristotle's On the Soul (De Anima) which was the most important contribution to Aristotelian literature since the time of Alexander of Aphrodisias; and a commentary on the Timaeus of Plato. His example was followed by Syrianus and others of the school. This critical spirit reached its greatest height in Proclus, the ablest exponent of this latter-day syncretism.
Plutarch was versed in all the theurgic traditions of the school, and believed, along with Iamblichus, in the possibility of attaining to communion with the Deity by the medium of the theurgic rites. Unlike the Alexandrists and the early Renaissance writers, he maintained that the soul which is bound up in the body by the ties of imagination and sensation does not perish with the corporeal media of sensation.
In psychology, while believing that Reason is the basis and foundation of all consciousness, he interposed between sensation and thought the faculty of Imagination, which, as distinct from both, is the activity of the soul under the stimulus of unceasing sensation. In other words, it provides the raw material for the operation of Reason. Reason is present in children as an inoperative potentiality, in adults as working upon the data of sensation and imagination, and, in its pure activity, it is the transcendental or pure intelligence of God.
# Ministerial order

A ministerial decree or ministerial order is a decree by a ministry. With a ministerial decree the administrative department is delegated the task to impose a formal judgement or mandate. Ministerial decrees are usually imposed under the authority of the department's chief minister, secretary or administrator.

## Belgium

In Belgium, a ministerial decree (Dutch: ministerieel besluit, French: arrêté ministériel) is a decision of a minister of the federal government. The Belgian Constitution stipulates that the King of Belgium, in practice the federal government as a whole, is responsible for the execution of laws adopted by the federal parliament. This is done by royal order. For more detailed measures, the minister responsible can act alone by ministerial order. Ministerial orders must be published in the Belgian Official Journal before they can enter into force.

## Canada

In Canada, a ministerial order (French: arrêté ministériel) is a decision made by a Minister of the Crown, that does not necessitate the approval of the Cabinet, or the Lieutenant Governor in Council/Governor General of Canada. The operations surrounding ministerial orders differs between the federal government and the governments of the provinces of Canada. For instance, in Alberta, ministerial orders are not automatically made public.

## Spain

In Spain, a ministerial decree (Spanish: orden ministerial) is a regulation issued by any of the government ministries. In the legal hierarchy, it sits below a Real Decreto del Presidente del Gobierno (Royal Decree of the Prime Minister) and a Real Decreto del Consejo de Ministros (Royal Decree of the Council of Ministers). Ministerial decrees are produced not only by ministers in affairs relating to their own departments, but also by delegate commissions formed to deal with matters that affect several ministries.

## United Kingdom

In the United Kingdom a ministerial decree is known as a "ministerial order." Until 2013 there was only one example, the Competition and Service (Utilities) Act 1992 (Commencement No. 1) Order 1992.
The order was made under powers contained in section 56(2) of the Competition and Service (Utilities) Act 1992, which allowed the Secretary of State to provide for the commencement of the Act "by order". However, presumably due to an oversight in the drafting process, the Act did not provide for such an order to be made by statutory instrument as defined by the Statutory Instruments Act 1946. No other commencement orders have been made under the relevant powers, and until 2013 this remained the only "ministerial order" in existence.
In 2013 the ministerial order became a more common type of legislation, as it was used 27 times that year, under the Marine and Coastal Access Act 2009; such continued in 2016. In 2015, the Sewerage Undertakers (Information) (Revocation) Direction 2015 was given under section 202 of the Water Industry Act 1991.
# James Doyle (New Brunswick politician)

James Albert Doyle (November 28, 1932 – April 15, 2020) was the Member of the New Brunswick Legislative Assembly (MLA) for the constituency of Miramichi-Bay du Vin from 1997 to 1999. He succeeded former MLA Frank McKenna upon his retirement as member for the provincial constituency.
Originally from Dalhousie, New Brunswick, he spent his working life in Chatham, New Brunswick. He was a longtime educator, retiring as Principal of James M. Hill High School. In retirement, he was instrumental in establishing a campus of St. Thomas University in the Miramichi. He died in 2020 in Fredericton, aged 87.
# Nanowire lasers

Semiconductor nanowire lasers are nano-scaled lasers that can be embedded on chips and constitute an advance for computing and information processing applications. Nanowire lasers are coherent light sources (single mode optical waveguides) as any other laser device, with the advantage of operating at the nanoscale. Built by molecular beam epitaxy, nanowire lasers offer the possibility for direct integration on silicon, and the construction of optical interconnects and data communication at the chip scale. Nanowire lasers are built from III–V semiconductor heterostructures. Their unique 1D configuration and high refractive index allow for low optical loss and recirculation in the active nanowire core region. This enables subwavelength laser sizes of only a few hundred nanometers. Nanowires are Fabry–Perot resonator cavities defined by the end facets of the wire, therefore they do not require polishing or cleaving for high-reflectivity facets as in conventional lasers.

## Properties

Nanowire lasers can be grown site-selectively on Si/SOI wafers with conventional MBE techniques, allowing for pristine structural quality without defects. Nanowire lasers using the group-III nitride and ZnO materials systems have been demonstrated to emit in the visible and ultraviolet, however infrared at the 1.3–1.55 μm is important for telecommunication bands. Lasing at those wavelengths has been achieved by removing the nanowire from the silicon substrate. Nanowire lasers have shown pulse durations down to <1ps, and enable repetition rates greater than 200 GHz. Also, nanowire lasers have shown to store the phase information of a pulse over 30ps when excited with subsequent pulse pairs. Mode locked lasers at the nano-scale are therefore feasible with such configurations.
# Honghe National Nature Reserve

The Honghe National Nature Reserve (HNNR), is a 218.35-square-kilometre (84.31 sq mi) Ramsar Convention-designated site in Heilongjiang Province in northeastern China. It was first established in 1984 as a provincial wetland reserve, and was upgraded to be a national nature reserve in 1996. 173 birds are known from the Reserve including protected species such as black stork, black-billed capercaillie, greater spotted eagle, the Kamchatkan or Steller's sea eagle, mandarin duck, Oriental white stork, red-crowned crane, white-naped crane, white-tailed sea eagle, and whooper swan.

## Ecological status

Zhou, et al. (2009) conducted a statistical analysis using historical survey data to study marsh degradation and changes in the hydrological regime from both natural and human impacts and concluded strategies are urgently needed to maintain sustainable economic benefits while preserving this nature reserve.
# Nyzy

Nyzy (Ukrainian: Низи; Russian: Низы) is a rural settlement in Sumy Raion, Sumy Oblast, Ukraine. It is located on the left bank of the Psel, about 15 kilometres (9.3 mi) south of Sumy. Nyzy belongs to Sad rural hromada, one of the hromadas of Ukraine. Population: 2,699 (2022 estimate).
Until 26 January 2024, Nyzy was designated urban-type settlement. On this day, a new law entered into force which abolished this status, and Nyzy became a rural settlement.

## Economy
### Transportation

Nyzy railway station is a terminus of the railway line from Boromlia, however, it does not have much passenger traffic. The closest station with more passenger traffic is Imeni Vasylia Nesvita, near Nyzhnia Syrovatka, 3 kilometres (1.9 mi) east of the settlement, on the railway connecting Vorozhba and Kharkiv via Sumy.
The settlement has access to Highway H07 which runs north to Sumy and west to Romny, and Kyiv.
# Vinnytsia Raion

Vinnytsia Raion (Ukrainian: Вінницький район) is one of the six raions (districts) of Vinnytsia Oblast, located in southwestern Ukraine. The administrative center of the raion is the city of Vinnytsia. Population: 647,966 (2022 estimate).
On 18 July 2020, as part of the administrative reform of Ukraine, the number of raions of Vinnytsia Oblast was reduced to six, and the area of Vinnytsia Raion was significantly expanded. The January 2020 estimate of the raion population was 81,278 (2020 est.).
# The Child (1940 film)

The Child (Danish: Barnet) is a 1940 Danish drama film directed by Benjamin Christensen.

## Cast

* Agis Winding as the mother
* Bjarne Forchhammer as Albert
* Charles Tharnæs as Elias
* Beatrice Bonnesen as Cora
* Mogens Wieth as Pontus
* Inger Lassen as Anna
* Gunnar Lauring as Henrik
* Lis Smed as Ilse
# W. B. Scarth

William Blakeman Scarth (May 24, 1895 – March 9, 1983) was a politician in Manitoba, Canada. He served in the Legislative Assembly of Manitoba from 1958 to 1962 as a Progressive Conservative.
The son of William Frederick Scarth and Nellie Blakeman, Scarth was born in Virden, Manitoba. During World War I, he served in the Canadian Expeditionary Force. Scarth was educated at the University of Manitoba, receiving a law degree, and then practised law in Flin Flon, Dauphin, The Pas and Winnipeg. In 1928, he married Clara Irene. Scarth served as president of Pascar Oils Ltd., and was director of Lylemore Petroleums Ltd. During the Second World War, he spent four years in the Royal Canadian Air Force with the Judge Advocate General's Branch.
He campaigned for the House of Commons of Canada in the federal election of 1940, running as a "National Government" (i.e. Conservative) candidate in the northern Manitoba riding of Churchill. He was defeated by Liberal cabinet minister Thomas Crerar.
He was first elected to the Manitoba legislature in the 1958 provincial election, defeating future Lieutenant Governor William John McKeag in the upscale Winnipeg constituency of River Heights. He was re-elected in the 1959 election, but did not run again in 1962. During his time in the legislature, Scarth was a backbench supporter of Dufferin Roblin's administration.
In 1963, Scarth was named to the Manitoba Utilities Board.
Scarth's son the Honourable Mr. Justice William B. Scarth was a Judge on the Supreme Court of British Columbia.
# Scott H. Faulring

Scott Harry Faulring (August 11, 1956 – June 29, 2018) is an American historian and document editor connected with the early history of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church). He has published with both the Foundation for Ancient Research and Mormon Studies and Signature Books.

## Biography

Faulring was born in the vicinity of Niagara Falls, New York. He joined the United States Air Force as a young man. While in the Air Force he became a member of LDS Church.
Faulring received his bachelor's degree in history from Brigham Young University in 1983. He then continued with the Air Force where he spent much of his time in Vogelweh, Germany and then in İzmir, Turkey. Also during this time he received a MPA degree from Troy State University. He later returned to BYU as an instructor with the Air Force ROTC there. After retiring from the Air Force, Faulring became a research historian with the Joseph Fielding Smith Institute for Church History.

## Writings

One of his earliest projects was the publication of the journals of Joseph Smith, Jr. His commentary at times has been faulted for poor and misleading readings of the text, and his summary provided by Signature Books has been criticized for being overly harsh on Smith.
On the other hand, Faulring later wrote with Richard Lloyd Anderson a review of Todd Compton's In Sacred Loneliness, in which they jointly affirmed their faith in Smith as a prophet of God and criticized Compton's use of second-hand sources and even more heavily his use of the term polyandry.
Faulring has also edited a collection of documents on Oliver Cowdery and a book on the Joseph Smith Translation of the Bible. Faulring has also published material with the Mormon Historic Sites Foundation.
# Iodophenol

An iodophenol is any organoiodide of phenol that contains one or more covalently bonded iodine atoms. There are five basic types of iodophenols (mono- to pentaiodophenol) and 19 different iodophenols in total when positional isomerism is taken into account. Iodophenols are produced by electrophilic halogenation of phenol with iodine.

## List of iodophenols

There is a total of 19 iodophenols, corresponding to the different ways in which iodine atoms can be attached to the five carbon atoms in the benzene ring of the phenol molecule, excluding the carbon atom to which the hydroxy group is attached.
Monoiodophenols have three isomers because there is only one iodine atom that can occupy one of three ring positions on the phenol molecule; 2-iodophenol, for example, is the isomer that has an iodine atom in the ortho position. Pentaiodophenol, by contrast, has only one isomer because all five available ring positions on the phenol are fully iodinated.
* Monoiodophenol (3 positional isomers)
** 2-Iodophenol
** 3-Iodophenol
** 4-Iodophenol
* Diiodophenol (6 positional isomers)
** 2,3-Diiodophenol
** 2,4-Diiodophenol
** 2,5-Diiodophenol
** 2,6-Diiodophenol
** 3,4-Diiodophenol
** 3,5-Diiodophenol
* Triiodophenol (6 positional isomers)
** 2,3,4-Triiodophenol
** 2,3,5-Triiodophenol
** 2,3,6-Triiodophenol
** 2,4,5-Triiodophenol
** 2,4,6-Triiodophenol
** 3,4,5-Triiodophenol
* Tetraiodophenol (3 positional isomers)
** 2,3,4,5-Tetraiodophenol
** 2,3,4,6-Tetraiodophenol
** 2,3,5,6-Tetraiodophenol
* Pentaiodophenol (1 positional isomer)
# Theta Kappa Pi

Theta Kappa Pi (ΘΚΠ) is an American regional sorority founded at Penn State University in 1984. Its focus is on service.

## History

Theta Kappa Pi sorority was established at Penn State University on February 13, 1984. On October 23, 1987, the Beta chapter of Theta Kappa Pi was established under the direction of nine founding sisters at the University of Charleston. In 1988, the Alpha chapter and the Beta chapter formed a regional sorority. Gamma chapter at Lewis University was established on February 19, 2002.
On September 18, 2005, representatives of the Alpha chapter and the Beta Mu chapter of Phi Mu met to discuss a possible merger of the two organizations. At the time, the Alpha chapter had an active membership but wanted to belong to a national organization. In contrast, the Phi Mu chapter was struggling to recruit members but belonged to the National Panhellenic Conference Phi Mu offered a blanket bid to 67 members of Theta Kappa Pi. On September 20, 2005, 65 Alpha chapter members accepted the merger invitation, bringing an end to the Alpha chapter.
On December 8, 2017, the Delta chapter was chartered at Purdue University Northwest.

## Symbols

The motto of Theta Kappa Pi is ΦΣΙ ΙΣΑ ΙΛΒ or "Friendship, Service, Integrity". Its colors are royal blue, kelly green, and white. Its flower changes with each class. Its tree is the Yggdrasil. Its jewels are sapphire, emerald, and pearl. Its mascot is the lion. Its patron Greek divinity is Odin the Wanderer.

## Philanthropy

Theta Kappa Pi is dedicated to fighting domestic violence against women. Its primary charities are The Caring Place and Guardian Angel Community Service. Sorority also volunteer and/or raise funds for American Heart Association, American Cancer Society, Feed My Starving Children, Habitat for Humanity, Juvenile Diabetes Foundation, March of Dimes, and Trick or Treat for UNICEF. They also work with local nonprofit organizations such as feeding the homeless, visiting retirement homes, picking litter in local parks, and getting gifts for the ARC of Centre County.

## Chapters

Following is a list of Theta Kappa Pi chapters. Active chapters are indicated in bold. Inactive chapters are italics.
| Name | Charted date and range | Institution | Location | Status |
| Alpha | February 13, 1984 – September 5, 2005 | Pennsylvania State University | University Park, Pennsylvania | Withdrew (ΦΜ) |
| Beta | October 23, 1987 | University of Charleston | Charleston, West Virginia | Active |
| Gamma | February 21, 2002 | Lewis University | Romeoville, Illinois | Active |
| Delta | December 8, 2017 | Purdue University Northwest | Hammond, Indiana | Active |
* ↑ Withdrew and became the Beta Mu chapter of Phi Mu.
# Cape Cannon

Cape Cannon (Danish: Kap Cannon) is a headland in the Lincoln Sea, Arctic Ocean, North Greenland. Administratively it is part of the Northeast Greenland National Park.
The cape was named by Robert Peary after Henry W. Cannon, one of the members of the Peary Arctic Club in New York.

## Geography

Cape Cannon is located at the northern end of Gertrud Rask Land, Peary Land. Benedict Fjord lies to the west of this headland with its mouth between Cape Cannon and Cape Washington.
The glacier discharging just east of the cape is the only one in the area that produces icebergs. About 10 km (6.2 mi) further to the east there is an unnamed fjord, with its mouth located west of Cape Christian IV
# Lindbergh Range

The Lindbergh Range or Lindbergh Nunataks (Danish: Lindbergh Fjelde or Lindbergh Nunatakker) is a mountain range in King Christian IX Land, eastern Greenland. Administratively the range is part of the Sermersooq Municipality.

## History

The range was observed and mapped in 1933 by Lauge Koch during aerial surveys made in the course of the 1931–34 Three-year Expedition to East Greenland. Koch named it after pioneering aviator Charles Augustus Lindbergh (1902–1974), who reportedly had seen these tall nunataks previously during an eastward flight across the Greenland Ice Sheet and had discussed the matter with him when they met in Ella Island.
Although not as high as the Watkins Range to the east, the Lindbergh Range is popular among mountaineers because it has some of the finest and tallest peaks in Greenland. The quality of the rock, however, is poor. A number of the main summits of the nunataks have been climbed in recent years, but the range is still relatively little explored.

## Geography

The Lindbergh Range is an up to 3,171 m high cluster of nunataks, some of which are extensive ridges rising above the ice. It is located west of the Christian IV Glacier and east of the Upper Frederiksborg Glacier (Øvre Frederiksborg Gletscher), an ice cap west of which lie the Frederiksborg Nunataks, located north of the Frederiksborg Glacier. The Isfald Glacier is a smaller glacier located at the southern end. The vast Greenland Ice Sheet lies to the northwest.
The Watkins Range rises to the east of the Lindbergh Range, beyond the Christian IV Glacier, the Gronau Nunataks lie to the northeast, and the Lemon Range to the southwest. The area of the range is uninhabited.

### Mountains

* Snebordet (3,160 m); highest peak of the range at 68°57′33″N 30°50′32″W﻿ / ﻿68.95917°N 30.84222°W﻿ / 68.95917; -30.84222
* Trillingerne, a small group of nunataks in the SW, all with high summits; highest peak 3,020 m.
* Jætteborg (2,919 m); in the same ridge as Snebordet, but further to the south

## Climate

Polar climate prevails in the region. The average annual temperature in the area of the Lindbergh Range is -17 °C. The warmest month is July when the average temperature reaches -5 °C and the coldest is February when the temperature sinks to -19 °C.
# Walter McDonald (politician)

Walter Clifton McDonald (March 16, 1903 in Roland, Manitoba – November 7, 1999) was a politician in Manitoba, Canada. He served in the Legislative Assembly of Manitoba as a Liberal-Progressive from 1949 to 1959.
Born to a wealthy land-owning family, the son of John Albert McDonald and Alice Grace Carr, McDonald was educated in Roland and at Wesley College in Winnipeg, Manitoba. He received a Bachelor of Arts degree in 1925, and worked in insurance and real estate. McDonald later served on the Board of Regents for United College in Winnipeg. He was also active in freemasonry, and became Grant Master of the Grand Lodge of Manitoba in 1948-49. He became a thirty-third degree mason in 1955. In 1930, he married Jean McKay. They had five children.
He was first elected to the Manitoba legislature in the 1949 provincial election, defeating Independent Progressive Conservative G.R. Muir by 101 votes in the constituency of Dufferin. He served as a backbench supporter of Douglas Campbell's government, and was re-elected by an increased majority in the 1953 election.
The Liberal-Progressives lost power to the Progressive Conservatives following the 1958 election, though McDonald retained his seat over Tory candidate William Homer Hamilton by 73 votes. The following year, he lost to Hamilton by 154 votes in the 1959 provincial election.
McDonald served as Sovereign Grand Commander of Canada's Scottish Rite of Freemasonry from 1976 to 1979. He continued operating his insurance business until 1986.
He died in Roland at the age of 96.