OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Volodia Dubinin

Volodia Dubinin (Russian: Володя Дубинин August 29, 1928 – January 4, 1942, in Kerch, Russian SFSR) was a Pioneer Hero of the Soviet Union.

## Life

His full name is Vladimir Nikiforovich Dubinin (in Russian: Владимир Никифорович Дубинин). Due to his young age, he was usually addressed by a short form of his name, "Volodia". He was born to Nikifor Semyonovich Dubinin and Yevdokia Timofeyevna Dubinina.
He was one of the group of Soviet partisans who went to live underground in an abandoned quarry near Kerch to resist German invasion during World War II, in the first period of what has come to be known as the Defense of the Adzhimushkay quarry. Since he used to play there as a little boy, his knowledge of the area, tunnels and exits was vast, and proved to be very useful for the resistance.
When Germans had withdrawn, Volodia shared in cleaning and rebuilding the city, including removal of land mines. On January 4, 1942, during demining a land mine left by the Germans exploded and took his life.

## Acknowledgements

After his death, he was granted the Order of the Red Banner.
The school he attended was renamed after him, and so was the street where he lived in Kerch. On it the Pioneers Square is located, where a monument to Volodia rises. It depicts him as coming out of the rock. These are the words written on it in Russian: "Hero Pioneer and Komsomol from Kerch. For heroism and courage displayed fighting against fascists invaders, Vladimir Dubinin was posthumously granted the Order of the Red Banner". The monument was unveiled on July 12, 1964.
A street named after him can also be found in each of the following cities: Podolsk and Petrodvorets.
In 1949, Soviet writers Lev Kassil and Max Polianovsky published his biography, entitled "Улица младшего сына" (The Youngest Son Street). In 1962, on May 21, a movie directed by Lev Golub based on that biography premiered under the same title.
A monument to Dubinin in Dnipro, Ukraine (which was located in a park named after him) was dismantled in December 2022 as part of the derussification and decommunization campaigns following the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine. The monument had been erected in 1981. In Kyiv the street named after him was renamed to Ray Bradbury street in May 2023.
# Gayang-dong

Gayang-dong (Korean: 가양동) is a dong (neighborhood) of Gangseo District, Seoul, South Korea.

## Attractions

* Heojun Museum
# Zeer Mountain

Zeer Mountain (Persian: کوه زیر) is located in Kukherd Rural District, Kukherd District, Bastak County, Hormozgan Province in the south of Iran.
# National Route 712 (Costa Rica)

National Tertiary Route 712, or just Route 712 (Spanish: Ruta Nacional Terciaria 712, or Ruta 712) is a National Road Route of Costa Rica, located in the Alajuela province.

## Description

In Alajuela province the route covers Alajuela canton (San Isidro, Sabanilla districts).
# Italian Democratic Party

The Italian Democratic Party (Italian: Partito Democratico Italiano, PDI) was an Italian right-wing political party founded in 1944.

## History

The party was founded by the union of the following clubs and movements:
* Centre of Italian Democracy (Centro della Democrazia Italiana);
* Party of Union (Partito d'Unione);
* Social Democratic Party (Partito Sociale Democratico);
* Party of Democratic Union (Partito d'Unione Democratica);
* Movement of Democratic Renewal (Movimento di Rinnovazione Democratica);
* Italian Progressive Party (Partito Progressista Italiano).
In the 1946 general election, the PDI took part of the coalition named National Bloc of Freedom (Blocco Nazionale della Libertà - BNL).
After that, PDI dissolved and its members entered into the Italian Liberal Party and Monarchist National Party.
In 1959 Monarchist National Party and People's Monarchist Party merged into the Common Man's Front, the Italian Democratic Party of Monarchist Unity (named Italian Democratic Party until 1961).
# Volvi (municipality)

Volvi (Greek: Βόλβη, Vólvi) is a municipality in the Thessaloniki regional unit, Central Macedonia, Greece. The seat of the municipality is the town Stavros. The municipality has an area of 783.014 km$^2$. It was named after Lake Volvi.

## Municipality

The municipality Volvi was formed at the 2011 local government reform by the merger of the following 6 former municipalities, that became municipal units:
* Agios Georgios
* Apollonia
* Arethousa
* Egnatia
* Madytos
* Rentina
# World Communion Sunday

World Communion Sunday is a celebration observed by several Protestant denominations, taking place on the first Sunday of every October, that promotes Christian unity and ecumenical cooperation. It focuses on an observance of the Eucharist. The tradition was begun in 1933 by Hugh Thomson Kerr who ministered in the Shadyside Presbyterian Church.
According to Presbyterian Outlook:
   Davitt S. Bell (the late Clerk of Session and church historian at Shadyside) recalled that Dr. Kerr first conceived the notion of World Communion Sunday during his year as moderator of the General Assembly (1930). Dr. Kerr's younger son, the Rev. Dr. Donald Craig Kerr, who is pastor emeritus of the Roland Park Presbyterian Church in Baltimore, was sixteen in 1933. He has related that World Communion Sunday grew out of the Division of Stewardship at Shadyside. It was their attempt to bring churches together in a service of Christian unity—in which everyone might receive both inspiration and information, and above all, to know how important the Church of Jesus Christ is, and how each congregation is interconnected one with another.
It was then adopted throughout the Presbyterian Church (USA) in 1936 and subsequently spread to other denominations. In 1940, the Federal Council of Churches (now the National Council of Churches), led by Jesse Moren Bader, endorsed World Communion Sunday and began to promote it to Christian churches worldwide.
# Aisleless church

An aisleless church (German: Saalkirche) is a single-nave church building that consists of a single hall-like room. While similar to the hall church, the aisleless church lacks aisles or passageways on either side of the nave and separated from the nave by colonnades or arcades, a row of pillars or columns. However, there is often no clear demarcation between the different building forms, and many churches, in the course of their construction history, developed from a combination of different types.
Early aisleless churches were generally small because of the difficulty of spanning a large, open space without using pillars or columns. In many places, where the population made it necessary and money was available, former medieval hall churches were extended over the course of centuries until they became a hall church or basilica. Starting in the Renaissance, the development of new technologies and better building materials allowed larger spaces to be spanned.
The basic form of the church hall is rectangular. Aisleless churches are generally aligned longitudinally so that the altar and choir are located at one of the narrower ends and are facing east. There are rare examples of transept aisleless churches, in which the altar area occupies the short side east of the transept.
This form of church building has proliferated since the Renaissance, especially in Protestant churches. It became the basis of modern church architecture. In Norway, the aisleless and elongated "long church" is the most common design and is regarded as the typical Norwegian church. The Norwegian long church usually includes a narthex/vestibule in a separate section, often in a somewhat lower and narrower room attached to the main body and traditionally in the western end of the building. Until 1940 about 850 of Norway's 1300 churches were aisleless; these numbers do not include some 1000 vanished stave churches many of which were aisleless. For instance Flesberg Stave Church for 500 years had a rectangular aisleless ground plan until it was expanded in 1735 by adding three arms to a cruciform aisleless shape.

## Examples

* Church of the Redeemer near Potsdam
* Church of St. Lambert's in Bergen
* Christuskirche in Dresden-Strehlen, Art Nouveau-style church
* The Hofkirche at Ludwigslust
* The largest aisleless church in Germany is the parish church of St. Vitus in Löningen.
* The Saalkirche in the northern Siebengebirge region
* The Providenzkirche in Heidelberg
* The Jakobikirche in Hildesheim.
* The Seminarkirche in Hildesheim.
* The Johanniskirche in Frankfurt-Bornheim a Baroque aisleless church.
* The Haltdalen Stave Church, now at museum in Trondheim, is a single-nave stave church
* The Bakka Church is one of many hundred aisleless wooden "long churches" constructed in Norway 1851–1900
# Woodny Turenne

Woodny Turenne (born January 25, 1987) is a former gridiron football cornerback. He was signed by the Chicago Bears as an undrafted free agent in 2009. He played college football at Louisville.
He was also a member of the New York Giants, Hamilton Tiger-Cats and Saskatchewan Roughriders.

## Professional career
### Chicago Bears

He was initially released by the Bears, but was signed to their practice squad on October 13, 2009.

### New York Giants

Turenne was signed to the New York Giants' practice squad on November 24, 2010.
In 2011, he injured his calf during training camp and was waived/injured and later released with an injury settlement on August 23.

### Hamilton Tiger-Cats

He was signed as a free agent by the Hamilton Tiger-Cats on September 27, 2011.

### Saskatchewan Roughriders

He played for the Saskatchewan Roughriders from 2012 to 2014.
# Ruru Kshetra

Ruru Kshetra (Nepali: रूरू क्षेत्र), also known as Ridi (रिडी), is a religious and cultural place situated on the confluence of Ridi Khola and Kaligandaki river in Nepal. It is also tri-junction of Gulmi, Palpa and Syangja districts. It is one of the Char Dham in Nepal.
An age long fair 'Ridi Mela' is held during Maghe Sankranti for three days. The first, second and third days are called as Jethi Sankranti, Maili Sankranti and Kanchhi Sankranti respectively. It is believed to obtain Moksha if one take holy bath on Kaligandaki river for the three days and worship in Rishikesh Temple. The Rishikesh Complex of Ruru Kshetra is in UNESCO World Heritage tentative list.
Shaligram, the symbol of Lord Vishnu, is found here on the bank of Kaligandaki river.

## History

Mukund Sen, the first king of Palpa, discovered the deity of God Rishikesh while having holy dip in Kaligandaki river and established the temple of Rishikesh.
# The Barber of Seville (1904 film)

The Barber of Seville (French: Le Barbier de Séville), also released as The Barber of Sevilla, or the Useless Precaution, was a 1904 French silent film directed by Georges Méliès, based on the 1775 play of the same name by Pierre Beaumarchais. It was released by Méliès's Star Film Company and is numbered 606–625 in its catalogues, where it was advertised as a comédie burlesque en 7 actes, d'après Beaumarchais. Like several other of Méliès's longer films, two versions were released simultaneously: a complete 22-minute print and an abridged print.
As with his 1904 film Faust and Marguerite, Méliès prepared a special film score for The Barber of Seville, adapted from the most well-known arias from the Rossini opera. Like at least 4% of Méliès's entire output (including such films as A Trip to the Moon, The Impossible Voyage, The Kingdom of the Fairies, and The Rajah's Dream), some prints were individually hand-colored and sold at a higher price.
The film is currently presumed lost.
# Aleksandr Zugrin

Aleksandr Ivanovich Zugrin (Russian: Александр Иванович Зугрин; 1899–1923) was a Russian avant-garde painter, illustrator and graphic artist.
Zugrin was a member of Moscow Proletkult and soon became one of the most widely published artists in the period immediately following the Russian Revolution. He His provided engravings and lino-cuts as illustrations for journals such as Gorn (Furnace – published by Proletkult), Tvori! (Create! – Magazine of Ateliers of Moscow Proletkult), and Tvorchestvo (Creation), as well as the book jackets for various anthologies of proletarian poetry.
# Meconium peritonitis

Meconium peritonitis refers to rupture of the bowel prior to birth, resulting in fetal stool (meconium) escaping into the surrounding space (peritoneum) leading to inflammation (peritonitis). Despite the bowel rupture, many infants born after meconium peritonitis in utero have normal bowels and have no further issues.
Infants with cystic fibrosis are at increased risk for meconium peritonitis.

## Diagnosis

Twenty percent of infants born with meconium peritonitis will have vomiting and dilated bowels on x-rays which necessitates surgery.
Meconium peritonitis is sometimes diagnosed on prenatal ultrasound where it appears as calcifications within the peritoneum.

## Treatment

Adhesiolysis partial resection of pseudocyst covering enterostomy.

## History

Meconium peritonitis was first described in 1838 by Carl von Rokitansky.
# Sangan-e Sofla, Qazvin

Sangan-e Sofla (Persian: سنگان سفلي, also Romanized as Sangān-e Soflá; also known as Sangān-e Pā’īn and Sangān) is a village in Khandan Rural District, Tarom Sofla District, Qazvin County, Qazvin Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 114, in 40 families.
# Second Virgin (film)

Second Virgin (セカンドバージン) is a 2011 Japanese drama film directed by Hiroshi Kurosaki.

## Cast

* Kyōka Suzuki
* Kyoko Fukada
* Hiroki Hasegawa
# Jesse Cooday

Jesse Cooday (born 1955, Ketchikan, Alaska) is a Tlinglit photographer, filmmaker, and mixed media artist who belongs to the Wooshkeetaan clan, which translates to the Eagle Shark Wolf clan.

## Biography

At seven months old, Cooday was adopted by his grandmother whose Indian name was Coogat. His Tlingit name is Shoowee Ka’, which means stands by the sea. This name belonged to his great uncle Seth Williams before his death in 1965. Deciding who will take on a name for future generations is generally determined by the elders of the tribe in the first couple of years of a child's life. His uncle noticed that Jesse Cooday had enjoyed standing by the sea since his childhood and for that reason at age ten Cooday was given his name at a potlatch that took place after his uncle's death. His grandmother was an elder who taught Tlingit dance and song within the community, therefore growing up he was surrounded by his lively culture and tradition which would influence his art in the coming years. He recounts many times in which he would see masks and tribal clothing in his room which he says was similar to the “backstage” of a show. After residing in Alaska for his entire childhood and teenage years, he moved to New York City to pursue his interest in the arts. Over the years he took various photos which commented on the society in New York. He later began to create art that reflected on his Native culture, which he intends to serve as a commentary in response to Native American myths set by non-natives. In 1996, he developed his website which displays his art and the inspirations behind it. Throughout his adulthood, he became deeply involved in activism. Besides creating art, Cooday has begun to create electronic music and sound art as well as serve a curatorial role for the American Indian Community House Gallery.

## Education

He attended high school in Petersburg, Alaska and graduated in 1972. Shortly after, he moved to New York City and in 1978 he began to attend The School of Visual Arts and studied photography until the year 1981. During his time, he developed a fascination with contemporary photography, specifically contemporary portraits after being introduced to many contemporary artists that inspired his work. Among them was Diane Arbus who took interest in capturing images of individuals outside of the mainstream population.

## Collections

* Denver Art Museum
# HMS Dampier

HMS Dampier was a survey ship of the Royal Navy, named after the explorer, author and privateer, William Dampier (1652–1715). Originally intended as a Bay-class anti-aircraft frigate, the ship was in commission from 1948 to 1968, spending her entire career based at Singapore, carrying out survey work.

## Construction

The ship was ordered on 23 January 1943 from Smiths Dock Company, South Bank, Middlesbrough, as the Loch-class frigate Loch Eil. The ship was laid down on 7 August 1944, but the contract was then changed, and the ship was completed to a revised design as a Bay-class anti-aircraft frigate, and launched on 15 May 1945 as Herne Bay (K611). Work on the ship was suspended on 26 September 1945, and she was towed to Chatham Dockyard. In July 1946 work recommenced to convert her into a survey ship. She was renamed Dampier and assigned the pennant number A303.

## Service history

Dampier was commissioned on 4 May 1948, and in June arrived at Singapore, which would be her home port for almost the next twenty years. There she was employed in carrying out oceanographic and hydrographic surveys around the coasts of Malaya, Borneo, and Hong Kong, in the South China and Java Seas, with annual refits in Hong Kong, and inspections at Singapore.
On 5 October 1967 Dampier finally left Singapore to return to the UK, arriving at Simon's Town, South Africa, on 17 November. A week later, after local exercises, it was discovered that the ship's starboard propeller shaft was broken. The ship was obliged to continue her voyage on only one shaft. At Freetown, Sierra Leone, she found that there was no suitable equipment available to make repairs. With only three weeks remaining to make the 3,000 miles back to England in time for Christmas, the ship took the unusual step of manufacturing and hoisting a set of sails. Three lug sails made from awning canvas were hoisted on 11 December, and four days later a set of square sails. With the assistance of this rig, Dampier arrived at Chatham on 23 December to be greeted by Flag Officer Medway and the Hydrographer of the Navy.
Dampier was decommissioned at Chatham on 31 January 1968 and reduced to the Reserve. The ship was later placed on the Disposal List, and then sold to a Belgian shipbreaker. She was towed away for breaking-up on 17 January 1969.
# Ann Peacock

Ann Peacock is a South African-born screenwriter based in the United States. After teaching Law in her native South Africa, she moved to the United States and started a screenwriting career at after doing an Extension Course in screenwriting at the University of California, Los Angeles. She has received awards and nominations for her works A Lesson Before Dying (1999), The Chronicles of Narnia: The Lion, the Witch and the Wardrobe (2005), and The First Grader (2015).

## Biography

Peacock was born in 1951 and raised in South Africa. She was educated at the University of Cape Town, where she obtained her law degree, and taught in the faculty of Law.
Her screenwriting career began after she moved to the United States, writing her first screenplay June the 16th as a screenwriting student inspired by a family experience with internal resistance to apartheid. She wrote the HBO film A Lesson Before Dying (1999), for which she won the 1999 Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Writing for a Limited or Anthology Series or Movie. In 2000, she adapted the Langston Hughes short story Cora Unashamed into a TV movie of the same name for PBS' The American Collection. In July 2002, Walden Media hired Peacock as the screenwriter for The Chronicles of Narnia: The Lion, the Witch and the Wardrobe, for which she was later nominated for the 2006 Hugo Award for Best Dramatic Presentation (Long Form).
Her screenwriting credits also include In My Comedy (2004), Pictures of Hollis Woods (2007), Kit Kittredge: An American Girl (2008), Nights in Rodanthe (2008), and The Killing Room (2009) She won the 2012 NAACP Image Award for Outstanding Writing in a Motion Picture for her screenplay The First Grader. In 2015, she adapted Alice Hoffman's book The Dovekeepers into a television miniseries of the same name for CBS.
She has a son who was engaged in the anti-apartheid movement.

## Filmography (as screenwriter)

| Year | Title |
| 1999 | A Lesson Before Dying |
| 2000 | Cora Unashamed |
| 2004 | In My Country |
| 2005 | The Chronicles of Narnia: The Lion, the Witch and the Wardrobe |
| 2007 | Pictures of Hollis Woods (with Camille Thomasson and Daniel Petrie Jr.) |
| 2008 | Kit Kittredge: An American Girl |
| 2008 | Nights in Rodanthe |
| 2009 | The Killing Room (with Gus Krieger) |
| 2011 | The First Grader |
| 2015 | The Dovekeepers |

## Awards

| Year | Title | Award | Result |
| 1999 | A Lesson Before Dying | Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Writing for a Miniseries or a Movie | Won |
| 2006 | The Chronicles of Narnia: The Lion, the Witch and the Wardrobe | Hugo Award for Best Dramatic Presentation (Long Form) | Nominated |
| 2012 | The First Grader | NAACP Image Award for Outstanding Writing in a Motion Picture | Won |
# Phra Chuthathut Palace

The Phra Chuthathut Palace (Thai: พระจุฑาธุชราชฐาน Phra Chuthathut Ratchathan) or Sichang Palace (พระราชวังสีชัง Phra Ratcha Wang Sichang) is a former summer royal residence built during the reign of King Chulalongkorn the Great on the Sichang Island in Chonburi Province. After the French occupied the island during a conflict with Thailand over control of neighboring Laos in 1893, the royal residence was largely abandoned. Parts of the unfinished halls were removed and were used for the new Vimanmek Mansion in Bangkok. Since leaving the royal control, the palace has been used by various affiliations and authorities. Today, Chulalongkorn University occupies the palace for its "Sichang Marine Science Research and Training Station" and established the Chutathut Palace Museum of Chulalongkorn University, maintaining and preserving the palace.

## History

In 1888 Queen Saovabha Phongsri and Crown Prince Vajiravudh were sick and were advised by their physician to stay at Ko Sichang until better. Ko Sichang was also where Prince Asdang Dejavudh recovered from an illness. In 1889, King Chulalongkorn built three patient wards, naming them the "Vadhana Building" after Queen Savang Vadhana, the "Phongsri Building" after Queen Saovabha Phongsri, and the "Apirom Building" after Princess Saisavali Bhiromya. In 1892, King Chulalongkorn was resting at Ko Sichang. At that time Queen Saovabha Phongsri was pregnant, so the king built a summer palace and named it "Phra Chuthathut Palace" after his son, Prince Chudadhuj Dharadilok who was born on the island. The palace was composed of four throne hall and 14 royal houses.
The royal residence was abandoned in 1893 after the French occupied the island during a conflict with Thailand over control of neighboring Laos in the Franco-Siamese crisis. In 1900 the parts of the palace were torn down and reassembled in Bangkok, part of the Vimanmek Mansion.
Phra Chuthathut Palace is the only royal palace in Thailand on an island.

## Museum

In 2002, Chulalongkorn University renovated facilities for a museum. Princess Maha Chakri Sirindhorn presided over the opening ceremony of Phra Chuthathut Palace Museum on 12 January 2004.
The buildings renovated and now used as exhibition halls are the Pagoda of Wat Atsadang Nimit; the Sea View Building; Vadhana Building; Phongsri Building; and the Apirom Building.
# Karin Bertling

Karin Boel Bertling (born 25 May 1937) is a Swedish actress.

## Selected filmography

* 2002–04 – Skeppsholmen (TV series)
* 2003 – Hannah med H
* 2003 – The Man Who Smiled (TV)
* 2004 – Camp Slaughter
* 2005 – Wallander – Innan frosten
* 2008 – Skägget i brevlådan (TV, Julkalendern)
* 2015 – Granny's Dancing on the Table
* 2024 – Veronika