# Forensic Accounting and Investigation Standards by ICAI

Forensic Accounting and Investigation Standards by ICAI are a set of Forensic Accounting and Investigation Standards issued by The Institute of Chartered Accountants of India (ICAI) for preventing the rising issues of accounting, financial and loan irregularities. The standards are designed to be helpful for banks, regulators, corporate entities, and enforcement agencies such as the Economic offense Wing, Enforcement Directorate, Serious Fraud Investigation Office, Central Bureau of Investigation and Reserve Bank of India (RBI) and users of these reports on standardising the activities and to highlight the fundamental principles to be followed by members while auditing and acts as performance benchmarks. The standards lays down the primary qualitative measures for conducting investigations. The full set of FAIS standards drafted for the forensic professionals by The Institute of Chartered Accountants of India (ICAI) with the help of group of professionals and experts is the first in the accounting world.

## Objective

Reserve Bank Of India has mandated forensic audits for credit exposure above Rs 200 crores considering that it was challenging for the reports to be admissible in courts of law as there was no standardisation process in such cases. Additionally, with growing issues on accounting, financial and loan irregularities, there is a increasing need to conduct forensic accounting examinations and investigations with professional approach for any evidence discovery to meet the high level of scrutiny which can be proved legally in Court. These standards will guide Forensic Accounting and Investigation Professionals to become experts and contribute in Judicial Proceedings. These standards were classified as
* Standards on Key Concepts, Standards on Engagement Management,
* Standards on the Executing Assignments, Standards on Specialised Areas, and
* Standards on Quality Control.
Based on the report of forensic auditor appointed by banks the latter declares an account as fraud or wilful defaulter and such procedure was missing earlier. The guidelines are being drafted after consulting RBI, Ministry of corporate affairs, the comptroller and auditor general of India, and the Securities and Exchange Board of India. It is planned that Forensic Accounting and Investigation Standards will have 30 standards covering all the aspects.

## List Of Standards

Currently around 20 Forensic Accounting and Investigation Standards are issued by Digital Accounting and Assurance Board (DAAB) of ICAI. India is the first country to release these standards.
| FAIS No. | Forensic Accounting and Investigation Standard |
| FAIS 110 | Understanding the nature of Engagement |
| FAIS 120 | Understanding the Fraud Risk |
| FAIS 130 | Laws and Regulations |
| FAIS 140 | Applying Hypotheses |
| FAIS 210 | Engagement Objectives |
| FAIS 220 | Engagement Acceptance and Appointment |
| FAIS 230 | Using the work of an Expert |
| FAIS 240 | Engaging with Agencies |
| FAIS 250 | Communication with Stakeholders |
| FAIS 310 | Planning the Assignment |
| FAIS 320 | Evidence and Documentation |
| FAIS 330 | Conducting Work Procedures |
| FAIS 340 | Conducting Interviews |
| FAIS 350 | Review and Supervision |
| FAIS 360 | Reporting Results |
| FAIS 370 | Testifying Before a Competent Authority |
| FAIS 510 | Applying Data Analysis |
| FAIS 520 | Evidence Discovery in Digital Domain |
| FAIS 530 | Loans and Borrowings |
| FAIS 540 | Related And Connected Parties |

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