OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# NYC container

The New York Central Rail Road introduced a container system in 1922.

## Specifications

Details include:
* Width: 9 ft (2,743 mm)
* Length: 7 ft (2,134 mm)
* Height: 6 ft 4 in (1,930 mm)
* Tare weight 9,000 lb (4,080 kg)
# 1789 in Scotland

"none" is preferred when the title is already sufficiently detailed; see [[WP:SDNONE]]
Events from the year 1789 in Scotland.

## Incumbents
### Law officers

* Lord Advocate – Ilay Campbell; then Robert Dundas of Arniston
* Solicitor General for Scotland – Robert Dundas of Arniston; then Robert Blair

### Judiciary

* Lord President of the Court of Session – Lord Glenlee until 27 September; then from 26 October Lord Succoth
* Lord Justice General – The Viscount Stormont
* Lord Justice Clerk – Lord Braxfield

## Events

* 10 July – Scottish explorer Alexander Mackenzie reaches the Mackenzie River delta in North America.
* November – foundation stone for Old College, University of Edinburgh, laid.
* December – steamboat experiments on the Forth and Clyde Canal by Patrick Miller of Dalswinton.
* The original lighthouses at Eilean Glas on Scalpay, Outer Hebrides, and Dennis Head Old Beacon on North Ronaldsay, Orkney, are completed by Thomas Smith.
* Robert Adam designs a new house at Newliston.
* Andrew Duncan delivers the first lectures on forensic medicine in Britain, at the University of Edinburgh.
* The Aberdeen Medico-Chirurgical Society is founded by James McGrigor and James Robertson.
* Robert Burns is appointed an exciseman.
* New pump room for St Bernard's Well, Stockbridge, Edinburgh, designed by painter Alexander Nasmyth.
* John Ainslie completes and publishes his 9-sheet map of Scotland.
* Flax mill established at Old Deer.
* Clyde Model Dockyard is established as a toyshop in Glasgow.

## Births

* 5 January – Thomas Pringle, writer, poet and abolitionist (died 1834)
* 28 February – David Duncan, Presbyterian minister (died 1829)
* 1 March – John Ramsay McCulloch, economist (died 1864 in London)
* 17 August – William Knox, poet and journalist (died 1825)
* 12 October – William Collins, publisher (died 1853)
* 30 October – Michael Scott, author (died 1835)
* 9 November – Robert Pearse Gillies, poet and writer (died 1858 in London)
* November – Peter Miller Cunningham, naval surgeon and pioneer in Australia (died 1864 in Greenwich)
* 3 December – Archibald Robertson, physician (died 1864 in Bristol)
* 20 December – William Burn, architect, pioneer of the Scottish Baronial style (died 1870)
* 23 December – George Douglas, 17th Earl of Morton, Tory politician (died 1858)
* Thomas Wright, prison visitor (died 1875 in Manchester)

## Deaths

* 17 March – Sir Charles Douglas, 1st Baronet, admiral (born 1727)
* 27 September – Thomas Miller, Lord Glenlee, judge and politician (born 1717)

## Sport

* 9 October – the first recorded cricket century to be scored in Scotland is made by the Hon. Colonel Charles Lennox: he scores 136 not out.
* Scotland portal
# Gadoi

Gadoi (Tibetan: དགའ་སྟོད་གྲོང་རྡལ།), or Gadong (simplified Chinese: 嘎东镇; traditional Chinese: 嘎東鎮; pinyin: Gádōng Zhèn), is a town in the Bainang County, Shigatse City, Tibet Autonomous Region of China. As of 2019, it had 14 villages under its administration.
# CMRS

CMRS may refer to:
* Capability-based Module Readiness System - see Expeditionary Air Wing
* Centre for Medieval and Renaissance Studies - Program for international students (mainly American) to study in Oxford.
* Certified Manager of Reporting Services - see National Court Reporters Association
* Classical, Mediaeval and Renaissance Studies - see University of Saskatchewan Academics
* Certified Medical Reimbursement Specialist
* Council-certified Microbial Remediation Supervisor, a professional certification
* Child Mania Rating Scale, a psychological screening tool for bipolar disorder
* Commercial Mobile Radio Service, a United States regulatory category of Mobile phone
* Critical Mixed Race Studies
# 11/6 12/10

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Allmusic | |
11/6 12/10 is the debut studio album by electronic duo Tarwater, released on September 30, 1996, by Kitty-Yo.

## Personnel

Adapted from the 11/6 12/10 liner notes.

## Release history

| Region | Date | Label | Format | Catalog |
| German | 1996 | Kitty-Yo | CD | 009 |
# Hauraki Fault

The Hauraki Fault is a normal fault at the North Island of New Zealand. It is along the eastern side of the still tectonically active Hauraki Rift which could have a length up to 220 km (140 mi) and fairly likely 150 km (93 mi). The recently identified but yet to be fully characterised 25 km long Te Puninga fault is presumably an intra-rift fault which augments the active displacement of the rift accommodated by the active intra-rift Kerepehi Fault. However shallow small earthquakes have been mapped to the presumed location of the Hauraki Fault.

## Geology

The fault is inferred from the sharp transition to the east from the Firth of Thames and Hauraki Plains to the Coromandel and Kaimai Ranges with hot spring activity along this line.
# George William Brown

George William Brown may refer to:
* George William Brown (mayor) (1812–1890), American politician, judge and academic
* George William Brown (trade unionist) (1880–?), British trade unionist and politician
* George W. Brown (computer scientist) (1917–2005), American statistician, game theorist, and computer scientist
* George W. Brown (Saskatchewan politician) (1860–1919), Canadian politician
* George Brown (sociologist) (born 1930), British medical sociologist
* George Brown (gridiron football) (1923–2013), American and Canadian football player
# Jean Lake

Jean Lake, (or Jean Dry Lake), is a small endorheic dry lake 3 miles (4.8 km) east of Jean, Nevada and Interstate 15. It lies at an elevation of 2,772 feet (845 m).
With the Bird Spring Range adjacent to the northwest, it is in the Las Vegas Wash Watershed. Roach Lake in the north Ivanpah Valley is nearby to the south southwest.

## In popular culture

The dry lake bed is a popular filming location for photo shoots, music videos, and films. Casino, Fear and Loathing in Las Vegas, and The Hangover contain scenes filmed at Jean Dry Lake. It is close to the site of the 2016-2018 land art installation Seven Magic Mountains.
# 1878 Stevens football team

The 1878 Stevens football team was an American football team that represented Stevens Institute of Technology in the 1878 college football season. The team compiled a 1–1–2 record and was outscored by a total of four goals to one. The team played its home games at the St. George's Cricket Club grounds in Hoboken, New Jersey.

## Schedule

| Date | Time | Opponent | Site | Result |
| October 26 | 2:34 p.m. | at Princeton | University groundsPrinceton, NJ | L 0–4 |
| October 29 | | at Rutgers | New Brunswick, NJ | T 0–0 |
| November 5 | | Columbia | St. George's Cricket Club groundsHoboken, NJ | T 0–0 |
| November 9 | | Rutgers | St. George's Cricket Club groundsHoboken, NJ | W 1–0 |

## Game summaries
### Princeton

On October 26, at 2:30 p.m., the Princeton football team played a football match against Stevens Institute of Technology and (with some participation from members of the St. George's Cricket Club). The game was played between teams of 15 players per side on the Princeton University grounds before a large crowd, including many carriages parked in the space outside the ropes. Princeton scored four goals and six touchdowns. Stevens did not score.
The lineup for Stevens Institute was as follows: Spofford, Rosenbury, Dilworth, Clarke, Leib, Rosenberger, Denton, Dashill and Suydam as forwardss; Merritt, Connover, and Herrick as halfbacks; and Hysop, Pracay, and Moore as backs. Merritt was the Stevens team captain.

### Rutgers

On October 30, the team from Stevens Institute played a match against the Rutgers College team in New Brunswick, New Jersey. The game ended in a scoreless tie with neither side scoring a goal or touchdown.

### Columbia

On November 5, Stevens was scheduled to play a match against the team from the College of the City of New York (CCNY) at St. George's Cricket Club grounds in Hoboken, New Jersey. The CCNY club did not show up, but a group of nine students from Columbia arrived and agreed to a "scratch game". Sides were chosen among the available players by Herrick of Stevens and Burton of Columbia. Burton's team scored three touchdowns, but neither team scored a goal.

### Rutgers

On November 9, at 3:00 p.m., Stevens hosted Rutgers for a return match on the St. George's Cricket Club grounds. Neither team scored a touchdown or goal in the first or second halves. The sides agreed to an additional 10 minutes. Reisenberger recovered the ball beyond Rutgers' goal line for a touchdown, and Suydam kicked the goal giving Stevens the victory by one goal to none.
The lineup for Stevens included Muller, Gowen, Ruh, Macauley, and Hasbrouck at the forward positions, Howe, See and Randolph at the halfback positions, and Voorhees and Norris as backs. Randolph was the team captain.
# Gabreil Daveis Tavern House

The Gabreil Daveis Tavern House, also known as the Hillman Hospital House, is a historic building in the Glendora section of Gloucester Township, Camden County, New Jersey, United States. This tavern was built in 1756 near the Big Timber Creek and housed boatmen who used the creek to ship goods to Philadelphia. It was designated a hospital by George Washington during the Revolutionary War.
Since its restoration, it has been the focal point of the township's history. It was listed in the New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection's Historic Preservation Office in 1973 (ID# 958), and the National Register of Historic Places in 1977 (NR reference #: 77000858).
# 11/9

11/9 may refer to:
* November 9, US and Asian style date
*** Fahrenheit 11/9, an American documentary film
* September 11, used in the day-month-year stylization of dates
** The September 11 attacks, a series of four coordinated terrorist attacks in the United States of America on September 11, 2001
* September, 11 A.D.; see AD 11
* November, 9 A.D.; see AD 9
* 11 shillings and 9 pence in UK predecimal currency
* "11/9", an episode of American Horror Story: Cult
# Cafehorn

The Cafehorn is a musical instrument created by classical musician Nicola Gomirato.
Created in July 2006 with the support of the Italian artisans G&P and patented by Nicola Gomirato, it is a strange and unique instrument made of six caffettiera and a brass pipe. It can be played like any other brass instrument since it has a pipe at the end as a mouthpiece.
The Cafehorn can produce warm and charming sounds. Its voice is brilliant like a trumpet and passionate like a French horn. There is only one cafehorn in the world.
"This is a strange and funny instrument that enchanted hundreds of people when played," said a coffeeshop owner who displayed a Cafehorn in his shop for 15 days in 2007.

## Concerts

The first concert for cafehorn and piano was performed In Grado Italy at the Grand Hotel Fonzari in September 2006. Several concerts for solo cafehorn, cafehorn and piano and cafehorn and brass ensemble solo have been made.
# CYP4F22

CYP4F22 (cytochrome P450, family 4, subfamily F, polypeptide 22) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CYP4F22 gene.
This gene encodes a member of the cytochrome P450 superfamily of enzymes. The cytochrome P450 proteins are monooxygenases which catalyze many reactions involved in drug metabolism and synthesis of cholesterol, steroids and other lipids. This gene is part of a cluster of cytochrome P450 genes on chromosome 19 and encodes an enzyme thought to play a role in the 12(R)-lipoxygenase pathway. Mutations in this gene are the cause of ichthyosis lamellar type 3.

## Activity

CYP4F22, like other CYP4F proteins, is a Cytochrome P450 omega hydroxylase, i.e. an enzyme that metabolizes fatty acids to their omega hydroxyl derivatives (see Omega oxidation). This hydroxylation may: a) produce a biologically important signaling molecule such as occurs in the metabolism of 20-carbon straight chain polyunsaturated fatty acid, arachidonic acid, to 20-Hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid, b) inactivate a biologically important product such as the metabolism of the arachidonic acid metabolite, 5-oxo-eicosatetraenoic acid, to its ~100-fold less potent product, 5-oxo-20-hydroxy-eicosatetraenoic acid, or c) be the first step in the further metabolism of xenobiotics or natural compounds CYP4F22 serves the latter function. It is a type 1 Integral membrane protein located in the endoplasmic reticulum of cells in the stratum granulosum of mammalian, including human, skin where it functions to attach an omega hydroxyl residue to fatty acids that are exceptionally long, 28 or more carbons, i.e. the very long chain fatty acids (VLCFA). These VLCFA targets need not be free fatty acids but also can be acylated in an amide bond to sphingosine to form an acylceramide.

## Function

CYP4F22 omega hydroxylates the VLCFA in esterified omega-oxyacyl-sphingosine complex to form an esterified omega-hydroxyacyl-sphingosine complex. This step is critical for delivering the wax-like, extremely hydrophobic VLCFA to the stratum corneum near the skin surface. It is these skin surface VLCFA which create and maintain the skin's ability to function as a water barrier.
CYP4F22, like many of the CYP4F series of CYPs, may prove to serve other functions but its role in hydroxylating VLCFA in the skin's water barrier function, as defined in genetic studies (see below), has dominated research on it.

## Genetic studies

A small number of newborns with Congenital ichthyosiform erythroderma have been found to have autosomal recessive lose of function mutations in CYP4F22. Of the varies subtypes of congenital ichthyosiform erythroderma, these mutations have been associated almost exclusively with the Lamellar ichthyosis subtype.
# Monte Bregagno

Monte Bregagno is a mountain of Lombardy, Italy, It has an elevation of 2,107 metres.

## SOIUSA classification

According to the SOIUSA (International Standardized Mountain Subdivision of the Alps) the mountain can be classified in the following way:
* main part = Western Alps
* major sector = North Western Alps
* section = Lugano Prealps
* subsection = Prealpi Comasche
* supergroup = Catena Gino-Camoghè-Fiorina
* group = Gruppo del Gino
* code = I/B-11.I-A.1
# Mumford conjecture

There are several conjectures in mathematics by David Mumford.
* Mumford's conjecture about reductive groups, now called Haboush's theorem.
* The Mumford conjecture on the cohomology of the stable mapping class group, proved by Ib Madsen and Michael Weiss.
* The Manin-Mumford conjecture about Jacobians of curves, proved by Michel Raynaud.
# GRC

GRC may refer to:

## Business

* Governance, risk management, and compliance, business governance and management approach

## Government and politics

* Gender Recognition Certificate, in the United Kingdom
* Government of the Republic of China
* Greece
* Group representation constituency in Singapore
* Royal Canadian Mounted Police (French: Gendarmerie Royale du Canada)

## Science and technology

* Genome Reference Consortium
* Gibson Research Corporation, an American software developer
* Glass fiber reinforced concrete
* Glenn Research Center, a NASA research center in Cleveland, Ohio
* GNU Radio Companion
* Gordon Research Conferences
* Guided-rotor compressor
* Gridcoin (GRC), a cryptocurrency

## Sport

* Glasgow Rowing Club
* Global Rallycross

## Transportation

* Ghana Railway Corporation
* GRC, the National Rail station code for Great Chesterford railway station, Essex, England

## Other uses

* grc: Ancient Greek language and Medieval Greek language
* General Revenue Corporation, an American collection agency
* Governance, risk management, and compliance
* Grassroots Radio Coalition, an American advocacy group
* Green River College, in Auburn, Washington, United States
* Gulf Research Center, an Emirati think tank
* Global Repatriation Council, a fictional entity in the Marvel Cinematic Universe, appearing in the TV series The Falcon and the Winter Soldier
* Guthy-Renker, an American direct marketing firm
* Atlanta-based General Recording Corporation, which operated the GRC Records label in the 1970s
# Matilda's Cat

Matilda's Cat is a 2012 children's picture book by Emily Gravett. The book is about Matilda, a girl dressed in a ginger-striped cat costume, who attempts to involve her similarly ginger-striped cat in various activities to no avail but then eventually snuggles up with the cat in bed.

## Publication history

* 2014, USA, Simon & Schuster Books for Young Readers ISBN 9781442475274
* 2012, England, Macmillan Children's Books ISBN 9780230745377

## Reception

A review in Kirkus Reviews of Matilda's Cat wrote "A master of animal countenance, Gravett pairs an expressive cat with a busy kid and winks at the difference between textual and visual message", and Booktrust wrote that "Gravett’s illustrations in this funny and touching picture book are as delightful as ever."
Matilda's Cat has also been reviewed by Publishers Weekly, Booklist, School Library Journal, Horn Book Guides, Library Media Connection, The Bulletin of the Center for Children's Books, The New York Times, and The Wall Street Journal.
It was long-listed for the 2013 Kate Greenaway Medal.
# Sterkfontein, Limpopo

Sterkfontein is a town in Elias Motsoaledi Local Municipality in the Limpopo province of South Africa.
# CT Value

CT Values are an important part of calculating disinfectant dosage for the chlorination of drinking water. A CT value is the product of the concentration of a disinfectant (e.g. free chlorine) and the contact time with the water being disinfected. It is typically expressed in units of mg-min/L.
The goal of disinfection is the inactivation of microorganisms. This depends on: the microorganism, the disinfectant being used, the concentration of the disinfectant, the contact time, and the temperature and pH of the water.

## Kinetics

The disinfection kinetics are conventionally calculated via the Chick-Watson model, named for the work of Harriette Chick and H. E. Watson. This model is expressed by the following equation:
    $\ln({\frac {N}{N_{0}}})=-\Lambda _{CW}C^{n}t\!$
Where:
* $({\frac {N}{N_{0}}})\!$ is the survival ratio for the microorganisms being killed
* $\Lambda _{CW}\!$ is the Chick-Watson coefficient of specific lethality
* $C\!$ is the concentration of the disinfectant (typically in mg/L)
* $n\!$ is the coefficient of dilution, frequently assumed to be 1
* $t\!$ is the contact time (typically in minutes or seconds)
The survival ratio is commonly expressed as an inactivation ratio (in %) or as the number of reductions in the order of magnitude of the microorganism concentration. For example, a situation where N$_0$=10$^7$ CFU/L and N=10$^4$ CFU/L would be reported as a 99.9% inactivation or "3-log$_{10}$" removal.
In water treatment practice, tables of the product C×t are used to calculate disinfection dosages. The calculated CT value is the product of the disinfectant residual (in mg/L) and the detention time (in minutes), through the section at peak hourly flow. These tables express the required CT values to achieve a desired removal of microorganisms of interest in drinking water (e.g. Giardia lamblia cysts) for a given disinfectant under constant temperature and pH conditions. A portion of such a table is reproduced below.

## Example CT Table

CT Values for the Inactivation of Giardia Cysts by Free Chlorine at 5 °C and pH ≈ 7.0:
| Chlorine Concentration (mg/L) | 1 log inactivation (mg·L$^{−1}$·min) | 2 log inactivation (mg·L$^{−1}$·min) | 3 log inactivation (mg·L$^{−1}$·min) |
| 0.6 | 48 | 95 | 143 |
| 1.2 | 51 | 101 | 152 |
| 1.8 | 54 | 108 | 162 |
| 2.4 | 57 | 115 | 172 |
Full tables are much larger than this example and should be obtained from the regulatory agency for a particular jurisdiction.
# 1944 Pulitzer Prize

The following are the Pulitzer Prizes for 1944.

## Journalism awards

* Public Service:
** The New York Times for its survey of the teaching of American history, coordinated by Benjamin Fine.
* Reporting:
** Paul Schoenstein and associates of the New York Journal American, for a news story published on August 12, 1943, which saved the life of a two-year-old girl in the Lutheran Hospital of New York City by obtaining penicillin.
* Correspondence:
** Ernest Taylor Pyle of the Scripps-Howard Newspaper Alliance, for distinguished war correspondence during the year 1943.
* Telegraphic Reporting (National):
** Dewey L. Fleming of The Baltimore Sun, for his distinguished reporting during the year 1943.
* Telegraphic Reporting (International):
** Daniel De Luce of the Associated Press, for his distinguished reporting during the year 1943.
* Editorial Writing:
** Henry J. Haskell of The Kansas City Star, for editorials written during the calendar year 1943.
* Editorial Cartooning:
** Clifford K. Berryman of the Evening Star (Washington D.C.), for "But Where Is the Boat Going?"
* Photography:
** Earle L. Bunker of the Omaha World-Herald, for his photo entitled, "Homecoming".
** Frank Filan of the Associated Press, for his photo at the Battle of Tarawa entitled "Tarawa Island".
* Special Citations:
** Byron Price, Director of the Office of Censorship, for the creation and administration of the newspaper and radio codes.
** William Allen White was honored with a scroll indicating appreciation of his services for seven years as a member of the Pulitzer Prize advisory board, presented posthumously to his widow.

## Letters, Drama and Music Awards

* Novel:
** Journey in the Dark by Martin Flavin (Harper).
* Drama:
** No award given
* History:
** The Growth of American Thought by Merle Curti (Harper).
* Biography or Autobiography:
** The American Leonardo: The Life of Samuel F. B. Morse by Carleton Mabee (Knopf).
* Poetry:
** Western Star by Stephen Vincent Benét (Farrar).
* Music:
** Symphony No. 4. Opus 34 by Howard Hanson (Eastman School of Music). Performed by the Boston Symphony Orchestra on December 3, 1943.
* Special Award:
** In lieu of the Drama prize, a special award was given to Richard Rodgers and Oscar Hammerstein II, for Oklahoma!
# Caenorhabditis imperialis

Caenorhabditis imperialis is a species of nematodes in the genus Caenorhabditis. Prior to 2014, it was referred to as C. sp. 14. The type isolate was collected in Mo'orea, French Polynesia, and other isolates were collected in Guadeloupe.
This species groups with C. afra in the 'Japonica' group, the sister clade to the 'Elegans' group, in the 'Elegans' supergroup.
# Museum Huta Bolon Simanindo

Huta Bolon Museum of Simanindo is a museum on in the village of Simanindo on Samosir Island in Samosir Regency, North Sumatra, Indonesia. The museum is housed in the former home of Rajah Simalungun, a Batak king who had 14 wives. The roof was decorated with 10 buffalo horns representing the 10 generations of the dynasty. The museum's collection includes brass cooking utensils, weapons, crockery from the Dutch and Chinese, sculptures, and Batak carvings. Dance performances are given daily and audience participation encouraged.
# Monte Briasco

Monte Briasco is a mountain in the Alpi Cusiane, in Piedmont, northwestern Italy. It has an elevation of 1,185 metres and is located between the Valsesia and Lake Orta, at the border between the province of Vercelli and the province of Verbano-Cusio-Ossola and the municipalities of Civiasco, Varallo Sesia, Cellio con Breia and Madonna del Sasso. It is renowned for the sight on the nearby lakes and the Pennine Alps.
During the Second World War Monte Briasco was used as a base by Italian partisans.