OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# 1938 in Iceland

The following lists events that happened in 1938 in Iceland.

## Holiday Creations

* 2 June – Fisherman's Day, created.

## Incumbents

* Monarch - Kristján X
* Prime Minister – Hermann Jónasson

## Births

* 6 January – Garðar Árnason, footballer
* 15 March – Þorsteinn frá Hamri, writer (d. 2018)
* 18 March – Álfrún Gunnlaugsdóttir, writer
* 23 June – Hjalti Einarsson, handball player.
* 27 June – Björgvin Hermannsson, footballer (d. 2012)
* 24 August – Halldór Blöndal, politician.
* 21 September – Atli Heimir Sveinsson, composer (d. 2019)

## Deaths

* 21 May – Einar Hjörleifsson Kvaran, editor, novelist, poet and playwright (b. 1859)
# List of busiest London Underground stations (2020)

This is a list of busiest London Underground stations for the 2020 calendar year. The dataset records patterns of mobility during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United Kingdom, with significantly reduced levels of mobility when compared with the 2019 data. Extended periods of significantly reduced commuting and other travel caused many major central London stations to drop in the ranking during 2020 and for larger suburban stations to replace them.
The London Underground is a rapid transit system in the United Kingdom that serves London and the neighbouring counties of Essex, Hertfordshire and Buckinghamshire. Its first section opened in 1863. Annualised entry/exit counts were recorded at 268 stations in 2020. In 2020, Stratford was the busiest station on the network, used by over 25.07 million passengers, while Kensington (Olympia) was the least used, with 40,000 passengers. Data for 2020 was published on 1 April 2021.
This table shows the busiest stations with over 10 million entries and exits in 2020.
Busiest London Underground stations (entries and exits, in millions) :
| Rank (2020) | Station | Zone(s) | 2020 | 2019 | 2018 | 2017 | 2016 | 2015 | 2014 | 2013 | 2012 | 2011 |
| 1 | Stratford | 2/3 | 25.07 | 64.85 | 64.73 | 61.99 | 67.05 | 61.44 | 59.31 | 54.50 | 50.96 | 48.57 |
| 2 | London Bridge | 1 | 24.72 | 74.34 | 70.20 | 69.05 | 70.74 | 71.96 | 74.98 | 69.88 | 67.16 | 65.44 |
| 3 | Victoria | 1 | 22.95 | 85.47 | 84.47 | 79.36 | 83.50 | 82.89 | 86.73 | 84.58 | 82.96 | 82.25 |
| 4 | King's Cross St Pancras | 1 | 18.84 | 88.27 | 89.82 | 97.92 | 95.03 | 93.41 | 91.98 | 84.87 | 80.97 | 77.11 |
| 5 | Waterloo | 1 | 16.62 | 82.93 | 76.54 | 91.27 | 100.36 | 95.14 | 91.49 | 89.40 | 88.16 | 84.12 |
| 6 | Liverpool Street | 1 | 16.27 | 67.20 | 65.03 | 67.74 | 71.61 | 73.26 | 73.66 | 67.89 | 64.23 | 63.65 |
| 7 | Finsbury Park | 2 | 15.82 | 33.44 | 23.89 | 31.22 | 32.74 | 28.85 | 28.00 | 27.07 | 26.04 | 24.29 |
| 8 | Vauxhall | 1/2 | 15.46 | 32.30 | 30.08 | 30.83 | 32.23 | 26.83 | 27.51 | 25.15 | 22.84 | 20.87 |
| 9 | Oxford Circus | 1 | 14.60 | 78.07 | 76.40 | 84.09 | 83.26 | 92.36 | 98.51 | 85.25 | 80.55 | 77.09 |
| 10 | Barking | 4 | 14.29 | 18.13 | 17.87 | 18.20 | 15.86 | 16.06 | 15.59 | 15.22 | 14.51 | 13.96 |
| 11 | Canary Wharf | 2 | 13.36 | 47.69 | 43.62 | 50.91 | 54.79 | 54.44 | 51.81 | 50.05 | 48.04 | 46.59 |
| 12 | Brixton | 2 | 12.74 | 32.03 | 30.72 | 32.84 | 33.46 | 30.83 | 29.37 | 27.22 | 24.82 | 22.51 |
| 13 | Paddington | 1 | 11.42 | 48.61 | 44.60 | 48.82 | 49.48 | 49.64 | 49.28 | 49.71 | 46.33 | 46.48 |
| 14 | Canning Town | 2/3 | 10.55 | 14.83 | 13.67 | 13.28 | 11.91 | 10.92 | 10.10 | 9.78 | 8.74 | 8.71 |
| 15 | Walthamstow Central | 3 | 10.44 | 18.92 | 17.12 | 9.59 | 22.77 | 18.33 | 18.05 | 16.68 | 15.09 | 14.32 |
| 16 | Seven Sisters | 3 | 10.31 | 17.02 | 17.92 | 18.33 | 18.61 | 17.52 | 15.97 | 14.46 | 13.25 | 12.53 |
# COVID-19 and cancer

Cancer is one of the underlying diseases that increases the risk of COVID-19 developing to a serious illness.

## Risk of severe illness

The NHS of the United Kingdom has warned that those undergoing active chemotherapy or radiotherapy for lung cancer and those with bone marrow cancers are vulnerable to serious illness if they become infected with COVID-19. In Sweden, individuals who recently got chemotherapy were found to be at a higher risk for developing severe illness following COVID-19.

## Recommendations

The European Society of Medical Oncology (ESMO) recommends that oncologists should remain ready to adjust their clinical routines in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic. Recommendations for using telemedicine services, reducing clinic visits, switching intravenous therapies to subcutaneous or oral therapies, when possible. ESMO also recommends advising patients on infection control.
The NHS in England stresses that individual patient decisions have to be made by multidisciplinary teams. NHS has also established priority groups for those receiving anticancer treatments such that those with higher chances of success get prioritized for treatment over others.
The European Society of Surgical Oncology advises against seeing patients with cancer who are over 70 years of age in clinic, unless it is urgent.

## Long COVID-19

Even though many COVID-19 patients recover within 2–6 weeks of the onset of symptoms, some develop symptoms that come and go for months. The possibility has been raised, but needs to be investigated further, that patients with long COVID-19 may be predisposed to the development of lung cancer.
# Eric Brock

Eric Brock may refer to:
* Eric Brock (safety) (born 1985), American football safety
* Eric Brock (American football coach), American football coach in the United States
# Fragile matter

In materials science, fragile matter is a granular material that is jammed solid. Everyday examples include beans getting stuck in a hopper in a whole food shop, or milk powder getting jammed in an upside-down bottle. The term was coined by physicist Michael Cates, who asserts that such circumstances warrant a new class of materials. The jamming thus described can be unjammed by mechanical means, such as tapping or shaking the container, or poking it with a stick.
Cates proposed that such jammed systems differ from ordinary solids in that if the direction of the applied stress changes, the jam will break up. Sometimes the change of direction required is very small.
Perhaps the simplest example is a pile of sand, which is solid in the sense that the pile sustains its shape despite the force of gravity. Slight tilting or vibration is enough to enable the grains to shift, collapsing the pile.
Not all jammed systems are fragile, i.e. foam. Shaving foam is jammed because the bubbles are tightly packed together under the isotropic stress imposed by atmospheric pressure. If it were a fragile solid, it would respond plastically to shear stress, however small. But because bubbles deform, foam actually responds elastically provided that the stress is below a threshold value. Fragile matter is also not to be confused with cases in which the particles have adhered to one another ("caking").
# Bobby Livingstone

Bobby Livingstone is a Scottish former football player and manager, who is mainly associated with Montrose. He made 351 appearances and scored 130 goals in the Scottish Football League for Montrose, and managed the club between 1979 and 1982. He resigned in April 1982 and was replaced by Stevie Murray.
# Japan–Korea Treaty of 1882

The Japan–Korea Treaty of 1882, also known as the Treaty of Chemulpo or the Chemulpo Convention, was negotiated between Japan and Korea following the Imo Incident in July 1882.

## Background

On July 23, 1882, factional strife between Koreans in Korea's capital expanded beyond the initial causes of the disturbance.
As the violence unfolded, the Japanese legation was destroyed by rioters. The Japanese diplomats were forced to flee the country. When order was restored, the Japanese government demanded damages and other concessions form the Korean government.
The negotiations were concluded in August 1882.
Article V of the "convention" permitted the Japanese to protect the Japanese legation and the Japanese community in Korea.
In 1884, the Japanese forgave the ¥400,000 indemnity which had been mandated by the treaty.
# Francisco Galván

Francisco Galván is a Mexican former tennis player.
Galván won two bronze medals for Mexico in doubles at the 1946 Central American and Caribbean Games.
In 1948 he featured in the main draw of the U.S. National Championships, where he was beaten in the second round by Herbert Flam, following a first round bye.
# Jean-Aymar Piganiol de La Force

Jean-Aymar Piganiol de la Force (Aurillac, 1673 – Paris, 1753), son of Pierre and of Marguerite Parisot, dame de La Force, was a French man of letters known above all for works of a descriptive geographical character, for which he travelled extensively in France. He held an appointment as historiographer royal, resulting in his Description de la France.
He spent his youth at his mother's family château de La Force at Saint-Simon, Cantal on the little River Jordanne, near Aurillac, where he studied.
Piganiol de la Force for four decades was the tutor to the young pages of the comte de Toulouse, and as a young man wrote a set of Mémoires des intendants pour l’instruction du duc de Bourgogne (1698)

## Selected works

* Nouvelle description des châteaux et parcs de Versailles et de Marly (1702)
* Nouvelles descriptions historiques et géographiques de la France, 1715, in 5 volumes, and 1751-1753, in 15 volumes
* Nouveau voyage en France, 1724, 2 volumes
* Description de la ville de Paris et de ses environs, 1742, 10 volumes.
# George Alfred Henry Wille

George Alfred Henry Wille (31 March 1871 - 31 August 1951) was a Ceylonese proctor, notary public, journalist and politician.
Willie was born on 31 March 1871, the second son of John Francis Wille (b. 1845) and Maria Charlotte née Kidd (1847–1928). He was educated at Royal College, Colombo.
Wille was a partner at the legal firm of De Vos and Gratiaen.
On 30 September 1896, he married Rosaline Anne née Brohier (1872–) in Wolvendaal Church, Colombo. They had six children: Frances Elaine (1898–1935); Evill Merle (b. 1899); Irene Gladys (b. 1900); George Vernon Frank (b. 1902); George Eustace Neil (b. 1906); and George Alfred Herbert (b. 1910).
He was the only Burgher community leader who was an active participant of the Ceylon National Congress. He resigned from the Congress, following the retirement of Allen Drieberg, the Burger member of the Legislative Council of Ceylon, to take Drieberg's position on the Legislative Council, serving from 27 September 1924 to 1931. When the 1st State Council of Ceylon was constituted in 1931, Wille was nominated as the Burgher member. He was however prevented from taking up the office due to professional problems at his legal firm, De Vos and Gratiaen. However, when the Burgher deputation to the Donoughmore Commission was selected, Wille was an undisputed representative.
On 12 March 1936, he was appointed as a member of the 2nd State Council of Ceylon, serving until the council's dissolution on 4 July 1947.
He died on 31 August 1951 at a nursing home in Colombo at the age of 80.
# List of bushwalking tracks of Tasmania

Tasmania is well known for its bush walking tracks. Even though Tasmania is a small island, more than forty percent of its land area is protected. Therefore, there are plenty of places to go bush walking in Tasmania.

## Bush-walking tracks

Cradle Mountain :
| Name | Length | Time | Difficulty |
| Dove Lake | - | 2 hours | Easy |
| Cradle Mountain | - | - | - |
Great Western Tiers Region :
| Name | Length | Time | Difficulty |
| Liffey Falls | 7.2 km return | 2.5 hours | Easy |
| Meander Falls | 7.8 km return | 6 hours | Medium-Hard |
| Mother Cummings Peak | - | 3 hours | Medium |
| Quamby Bluff | 5.8 km return | 3 hours | Medium |
Mersey Valley :
| Name | Length | Time | Difficulty |
| Lees Paddocks | 14.2 km return | 6 hours | Easy-Medium |
| Walls of Jerusalem | 23.8 km return | 9.5 hours | Hard |
North East :
| Name | Length | Time | Difficulty |
| Cataract Gorge | 13.6 km return | 4.5 hours | Medium |
| Legges Tor | 7.6 km return | 3 hours | Easy |
| Mount Arthur | 9 km return | 4.5 hours | Medium |
North Coast :
| Name | Length | Time | Difficulty |
| Archers Knob | - | - | - |
| Mount Roland | - | - | Medium-Hard |
Overland Track :
| Name | Length | Time | Difficulty |
| Mount Pelion East | - | - | - | Mount Pelion West | - | - | - |
| Mount Oakleigh | - | - | - |
| Mount Ossa | - | - | - |
| Arm River Track |22.2 km ret - | 7.0 hours | Medium - |
| Pine Valley | - | - | - |
| The Acropolis | - | - | - |
| The Labyrinth | - | - | - |
| Barn Bluff | - | - | - |
| Cradle Mountain | - | - | - |
The South West :
| Name | Length | Time | Difficulty |
| Frenchmans Cap | - | - | - |
| Western Arthurs- descending at Kappa Moraine | | 5–6 days | Difficult- with icy weather |
| South Coast Track | - | - | - |
| Port Davey Track | - | - | - |
| Federation Peak | - | 5 hours | - |
# Jean Engler

Jean Engler may refer to:
* Jean Engler (canoeist), Swiss slalom canoeist
* Jean E. Engler, United States Army officer
# Eugène Eudes-Deslongchamps

Eugène Eudes-Deslongchamps (French pronunciation:; 10 March 1830 – 21 December 1889) was a French paleontologist and naturalist born in Caen, the son of paleontologist Jacques Amand Eudes-Deslongchamps (1794–1867). He died at Château Matthieu, Calvados.
Around 1856 he succeeded his father as professor of zoology at the faculty of sciences at the University of Caen, later becoming a professor of geology and dean (1861). After the death of his father in 1867, he devoted himself to the completion of a memoir on the teleosaurs, the joint labours being embodied in his Prodrome des Téléosauriens du Calvados. He contributed several of his memoirs to the Société Linnéenne de Normandie.

## Selected writings

* Mémoire sur les genres Leptaena et Thecidea des terrains jurassiques du Calvados, (1853–59) – Memoir on the genera Leptaena and Thecidea in the Jurassic strata of Calvados.
* Mémoire sur les fossiles de Montreuil-Bellay (Maine-et-Loire), (1860 with M Hébert) – Memoir on fossils of Montreuil-Bellay (Maine-et-Loire).
* Etudes sur les étages jurassiques inférieurs de la Normandie, (1864) – Studies on the lower Jurassic strata of Normandy.
* Documents sur la géologie de la Nouvelle-Calédonie, (1864) – Documents on the geology of New Caledonia.
* Recherches sur l'organisation du manteau chez les Brachipodes articule´s et principalement sur les spicules calcaires contenus dans son interieur, (1864) – Research on the organization of the mantle in articulated brachiopods, mainly on calcareous spicules, etc.
* Notes sur les Téléosauriens, (1867) – Notes on Teleosauridae.
* Le Jura normand. Études paléontologiques des divers niveaux jurassiques de la Normandie, comprenant la description et l'iconographie de tous les fossiles vertébrés et invertébrés qu'ils renfement, (1877) – The Jura Normand. Paleontological studies of various Jurassic layers in Normandy, including descriptions and illustrations of fossil vertebrates and invertebrates.
# Calling You (disambiguation)

"Calling You" is a song from the film Bagdad Café, covered by Celine Dion.
Calling You may also refer to:
* Calling You (short story collection), a Japanese fictional short story collection by Otsuichi
* Calling You (film), a Japanese film with Riko Narumi
* "Calling You" (Hank Williams song), 1946
* "Calling You" (Blue October song), 2003
* "Calling You", a song by Aqua
* "Calling You", a song by Kat DeLuna
* "Calling You", a song by Richard Marx from Rush Street
# Ancylistes subtransversus

Ancylistes subtransversus is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Stephan von Breuning in 1957.
# For Unity

For Unity was an Albanian political alliance in Montenegro.

## History

The alliance was formed by New Democratic Power – FORCA, the Albanian Coalition "Perspective", and the Citizens Initiative prior to the 2012 parliamentary elections. In the 2009 elections, New Democratic Power – FORCA and Albanian Coalition "Perspective" had each won one seat. Led by Genci Nimanbegu, it received 1.5% of the vote in the 2012 elections, winning a single seat.
In 2016, the New Democratic Power – FORCA agreed to form a pre-election alliance with Albanian Alternative (AA) and Democratic Union of Albanians (DUA).
Albanian Coalition "Perspective" decided to sign an agreement with Democratic League in Montenegro (DSCG) and Democratic Party (DP) for 2016 elections.
# Caloreas enantia

Caloreas enantia is a moth in the family Choreutidae. It was described by Walsingham in 1914. It is found in Central America.
# Fiat AS.3

The Fiat AS.3 was an Italian 12-cylinder, liquid-cooled V engine designed and built in the mid-1920s by Fiat Aviazione especially for the 1927 Schneider Trophy air race.

## Design and development

The AS.3 was an increased bore and stroke version of the Fiat AS.2 developed for the 1927 Scheider Trophy seaplane race held at Venice. Despite the increase in capacity the engine retained the same height and frontal area as the AS.2, this was achieved by shortening the connecting rods.
Two AS.3 powered aircraft placed joint second at the 1927 contest, the winning aircraft was a Napier Lion- powered Supermarine S.5. The AS.3 engine was also used at the 1929 competition, again taking second place.

## Applications

* Macchi M.52

## Specifications (AS.3)

Data from Jane's.

### General characteristics

* Type: 12-cylinder V-engine
* Bore: 145 mm (5.7 in)
* Stroke: 175 mm (6.9 in)
* Displacement: 34.6 L (2,111.4 cu in)
* Width: 720 mm (28.3 in)
* Height: 850 mm (33.5 in)
* Dry weight: 423 kg (933 lb)

### Components

* Valvetrain: Two intake and two exhaust valves per cylinder
* Fuel system: Carburettor
* Fuel type: Straight aviation petrol
* Cooling system: Liquid-cooled

### Performance

* Power output: 746 kW (1,000 hp) at 2,400 rpm
* Compression ratio: 6.7:1
* Power-to-weight ratio: 1.76 kW/kg (1 hp/lb)
# Luigi Amaducci

Luigi Amaducci (4 March 1924 – 3 May 2010) was the Catholic archbishop of the Archsdiocese of Ravenna-Cervia, Italy.

## Episcopacy

Luigi Amaducci was ordained to the priesthood on 5 April 1947. Amaducci was named bishop of what is now the Roman Catholic Diocese of Cesena-Sarsina on 28 May 1977 and was consecrated on 18 June 1977. On 27 October 1990 Amaducci was appointed archbishop of the Diocese of Ravenna-Cervia prior to retiring on 9 March 2000.
# H-Pem

H-Pem (stylized as h-pem) is a collaborative English-language Armenian cultural online platform and publication established by the Hamazkayin Armenian Educational and Cultural Society. Launched and made available to the public on May 13, 2019, h-pem's mission is to reach Armenian communities around the world and help Armenians—particularly Armenian youth—(re)connect with their homeland and culture in new, creative, and cooperative ways.

## History

In 2014, Hamazkayin's seventh General Assembly outlined the imperative creation of an innovative online platform to more effectively implement the organization's mission and to reach Armenians in the diaspora—specifically the Diasporan Armenian youth.
Following the General Assembly, a committee was put forth by the Hamazkayin Central Executive and Loucig Guloyan-Srabian was soon appointed as the project manager. Prior to the platform's actual development, Guloyan-Srabian held consultations with English-speaking Armenian youth across North America and elsewhere, to better understand their needs.
The project was named "h-pem" by combining "h" for the Hamazkayin Armenian Educational and Cultural Society, with "pem," the Armenian word for "platform."
Lilly Torosyan joined h-pem in 2017 as the assistant project manager and staff writer, while Rupen Janbazian joined the following year as the platform's editor, content manager, and data protection officer. Shahen Araboghlian, h-pem's social media strategist and management assistant, joined in 2019.
H-Pem was made available to the public on May 13, 2019.
In December 2020, the Hamazkayin Central Executive Board announced a "reduced version" of h-pem's activities and cut the platform's North American staff, citing a reduction in income since the onset of the economic crisis amid the global COVID-19 pandemic.

## Features

Though most of the platform is open to the public, h-pem features a free membership option, which allows users to comment on articles, to submit their work and recommendations, and to interact with other users.
H-Pem's content is divided into two main parts: "Featured content," which features pieces written by contributors, and "Your stage," a space in which users' works are highlighted.
The "Featured content" portion of the platform is h-pem's online magazine, which includes stories, interviews, analyses, and profiles of Armenian cultural figures and achievers, as well as stories in pictures.
"Your stage" is an experimental space, which includes a multimedia guide and a submissions area, aspiring and established artists are encouraged to introduce and share their creative output. "Your stage" also features a section for collaborations with artists, writers, cultural executives, students, and graduates from multiple disciplines, as well as organizations, institutions, and community members, on focused projects.
The platform also features a section, which live streams Armenian cultural events around the world.
# Jean Engler (canoeist)

Jean Engler is a Swiss retired slalom canoeist who competed in the 1940s and the 1950s. He won four medals at the ICF Canoe Slalom World Championships with two golds (C-2: 1953, Folding K-1 team: 1949), a silver (C-2 team: 1953) and a bronze (Folding K-1 team: 1951).
# Felskinn

Felskinn is a rocky outcrop of the Pennine Alps, situated above Saas Fee in the canton of Valais.
Felskinn is the lower station of the Metro Alpin which gives access to the Mittelallalin.
# Eugène Fabry

Charles Eugène Fabry (French:; 16 October 1856 – 6 October 1944) was a French mathematician. Fabry is best known for studying the singularities of analytic functions, including proving the Fabry gap theorem.

## Biography

Eugène Fabry, born in Marseille, was the second of five sons in his family. His brothers included physicist Charles Fabry and astronomer Louis Fabry.
He became professor of analysis at Aix-Marseille University and the University of Montpellier, and a corresponding member of the French Academy of Sciences.
He was the 1930 recipient of the Prix Francoeur of the French Academy of Sciences, "for his work on the singularities of analytical functions".