# Endemic birds of Colombia

The following is a list of the 83 known endemic bird species in Colombia (about 4% of Colombian species) with notes about their general distribution. Twenty-three (28%) of the species are found only in the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta, an isolated mountain range in northern Colombia with a very high degree of endemism.

## Endemic bird list

| Scientific name | Common name | Status | Distribution |
| Cracidae |
| Ortalis garrula | Chestnut-winged chachalaca | | Caribbean Region between Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta and the Sinú River |
| Ortalis columbiana | Colombian chachalaca | | Slopes of the Inter-Andean Valleys |
| Penelope perspicax | Cauca guan | Endangered | Slopes of West & Central Andes (Valle del Cauca, Risaralda, Quindío, Cauca) |
| Crax alberti | Blue-billed curassow | Critically endangered | Spottily in forested mountains of northern Colombia |
| Odontophoridae |
| Odontophorus hyperythrus | Chestnut wood-quail | Near threatened | Slope of West and Central Andes |
| Odontophorus strophium | Gorgeted wood-quail | Endangered | West slope of East Andes |
| Columbidae |
| Leptotila conoveri | Tolima dove | Endangered | East slope of Central Andes (Tolima, Huila) |
| Trochilidae |
| Ramphomicron dorsale | Black-backed thornbill | Endangered | Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta |
| Oxypogon stuebelii | Buffy helmetcrest | Vulnerable | Central Andes páramo |
| Oxypogon cyanolaemus | Blue-bearded helmetcrest | Critically endangered | Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta |
| Oxypogon guerinii | Green-bearded helmetcrest | | East Andes páramo |
| Eriocnemis isabellae | Gorgeted puffleg | Critically endangered | Serranía del Pinche, Cauca |
| Eriocnemis mirabilis | Colorful puffleg | Critically endangered | West Andes in Cauca |
| Coeligena prunellei | Black inca | Vulnerable | West slope of East Andes (Cundinamarca, Boyacá, Santander) |
| Coeligena phalerata | White-tailed starfrontlet | Near threatened | Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta |
| Coeligena orina | Dusky starfrontlet | Critically endangered | Spottily in the northern West Andes |
| Chaetocercus astreans | Santa Marta woodstar | | Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta |
| Chlorostilbon olivaresi | Chiribiquete emerald | | Serranía de Chiribiquete, Amazon Region |
| Anthocephala floriceps | Santa Marta blossomcrown | Vulnerable | Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta |
| Anthocephala berlepschi | Tolima blossomcrown | | Central Andes (Quindío, Tolima, Huila) |
| Campylopterus phainopeplus | Santa Marta sabrewing | Endangered | Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta |
| Amazilia castaneiventris | Chestnut-bellied hummingbird | Endangered | Drier areas of the Magdalena River drainage (Boyacá, Santander) |
| Amazilia cyanifrons | Indigo-capped hummingbird | | Central Colombia (Upper Magdalena Valley into East Andes) |
| Lepidopyga lilliae | Sapphire-bellied hummingbird | Critically endangered | Caribbean coast (Atlántico, Magdalena, La Guajira) |
| Rallidae |
| Rallus semiplumbeus | Bogota rail | Endangered | High wetlands in East Andes (Cundinamarca, Boyacá) |
| Strigidae |
| Megascops gilesi | Santa Marta screech owl | Vulnerable | Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta |
| Bucconidae |
| Bucco noanamae | Sooty-capped puffbird | Near threatened | Northwest Colombia (Chocó, Antioquia) |
| Capitonidae |
| Capito hypoleucus | White-mantled barbet | Vulnerable | North Central Andes & west slope of East Andes |
| Picidae |
| Picumnus granadensis | Grayish piculet | | Cauca Valley slopes and lowlands |
| Melanerpes pulcher | Beautiful woodpecker | | North Central Andes & west slope of East Andes; Magdalena Valley |
| Psittacidae |
| Bolborhynchus ferrugineifrons | Rufous-fronted parakeet | Vulnerable | Central Andes (Los Nevados National Park) |
| Hapalopsittaca fuertesi | Indigo-winged parrot | Critically endangered | Central Andes (Risaralda, Tolima, Quindío) |
| Pyrrhura viridicata | Santa Marta parakeet | Endangered | Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta |
| Pyrrhura calliptera | Brown-breasted parakeet | Vulnerable | Spottily in northern East Andes |
| Ognorhynchus icterotis | Yellow-eared parrot | Endangered | Few locations in the Colombian Andes |
| Thamnophilidae |
| Drymophila caudata | East Andean antbird | Near threatened | West slope of East Andes; Upper Magdalena Valley (Caquetá, Huila) |
| Drymophila hellmayri | Santa Marta antbird | Near threatened | Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta |
| Cercomacra parkeri | Parker's antbird | | Central Andes; small area of central West Andes |
| Grallariidae |
| Grallaria bangsi | Santa Marta antpitta | Vulnerable | Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta |
| Grallaria kaestneri | Cundinamarca antpitta | Endangered | East slope of East Andes (Cundinamarca) |
| Grallaria urraoensis | Urrao antpitta | Critically endangered | Páramo de Frontino, West Andes (Antioquia) |
| Grallaria milleri | Brown-banded antpitta | Vulnerable | Central Andes (Caldas, Tolima, Risaralda, Quindío) |
| Rhinocryptidae |
| Scytalopus sanctaemartae | Santa Marta tapaculo | | Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta |
| Scytalopus rodriguezi | Magdalena tapaculo | Endangered | East slope of Central Andes, Upper Magdalena Valley |
| Scytalopus stilesi | Stiles's tapaculo | | Northern Central Andes (Antioquia, Caldas, Risaralda) |
| Scytalopus alvarezlopezi | Tatama tapaculo | Near threatened | West slope of West Andes (Antioquia to Valle del Cauca) |
| Scytalopus latebricola | Brown-rumped tapaculo | Near threatened | Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta |
| Scytalopus canus | Paramillo tapaculo | Endangered | Northern West Andes (Antioquia) |
| Furnariidae |
| Clibanornis rufipectus | Santa Marta foliage-gleaner | Near threatened | Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta |
| Cranioleuca hellmayri | Streak-capped spinetail | | Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta |
| Synallaxis subpudica | Silvery-throated spinetail | | East Andes (Cundinamarca, Boyacá) |
| Synallaxis fuscorufa | Rusty-headed spinetail | Vulnerable | Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta |
| Tyrannidae |
| Phylloscartes lanyoni | Antioquia bristle-tyrant | Endangered | Central Andes (Antioquia, Caldas); west slope of East Andes (Cundinamarca, Boyacá) |
| Myiotheretes pernix | Santa Marta bush-tyrant | Endangered | Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta |
| Myiarchus apicalis | Apical flycatcher | | Inter-Andean Valleys and adjacent slopes |
| Cotingidae |
| Lipaugus weberi | Chestnut-capped piha | Endangered | Northern Central Andes |
| Vireonidae |
| Vireo caribaeus | San Andres vireo | Vulnerable | San Andres Island |
| Troglodytidae |
| Troglodytes monticola | Santa Marta wren | Critically endangered | Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta |
| Cistothorus apolinari | Apolinar's wren | Endangered | East Andes (Cundinamarca, Boyacá) |
| Thryophilus sernai | Antioquia wren | Endangered | Dry forest along Cauca River (Antioquia) |
| Thryophilus nicefori | Niceforo's wren | Critically endangered | West slope of East Andes (Santander, Boyacá) |
| Henicorhina anachoreta | Hermit wood wren | Near threatened | Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta |
| Henicorhina negreti | Munchique wood wren | Critically endangered | Spottily in the West Andes |
| Fringillidae |
| Euphonia concinna | Velvet-fronted euphonia | | Magdalena Valley |
| Passerellidae |
| Arremon basilicus | Sierra Nevada brushfinch | Near threatened | Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta |
| Atlapetes melanocephalus | Santa Marta brushfinch | | Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta |
| Atlapetes flaviceps | Yellow-headed brushfinch | Endangered | East slope of Central Andes (Huila, Tolima) |
| Atlapetes fuscoolivaceus | Dusky-headed brushfinch | Near threatened | Upper Magdalena Valley (Huila, Cauca) |
| Atlapetes blancae | Antioquia brushfinch | Critically endangered | Northern Central Andes (Antioquia) |
| Icteridae |
| Psarocolius cassini | Baudo oropendola | Endangered | Coastal mountains of the Pacific Region, Choc[o |
| Hypopyrrhus pyrohypogaster | Red-bellied grackle | Vulnerable | Spottily in Andes |
| Macroagelaius subalaris | Colombian mountain grackle | Endangered | West slope of East Andes |
| Parulidae |
| Basileuterus basilicus | Santa Marta warbler | Vulnerable | Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta |
| Basileuterus conspicillatus | White-lored warbler | Near threatened | Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta |
| Myioborus flavivertex | Yellow-crowned redstart | | Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta |
| Cardinalidae |
| Habia gutturalis | Sooty ant-tanager | Near threatened | Foothills of northern Andes including Magdalena Valley |
| Habia cristata | Crested ant-tanager | | West slope of West Andes |
| Thraupidae |
| Bangsia melanochlamys | Black-and-gold tanager | Vulnerable | Central Andes (Antioquia); West Andes (Chocó, Risaralda, Valle del Cauca) |
| Bangsia aureocincta | Gold-ringed tanager | Endangered | West Andes (Chocó, Risaralda, Valle del Cauca, Antioquia) |
| Anisognathus melanogenys | Black-cheeked mountain-tanager | | Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta |
| Chlorochrysa nitidissima | Multicolored tanager | Vulnerable | West Andes; Central Andes (Risaralda, Antioquia) |
| Dacnis hartlaubi | Turquoise dacnis | Vulnerable | Spottily in Andes (Valle del Cauca, Huila, Quindío, Antioquia, Risaralda, Cundinamarca, Boyacá) |
| Diglossa gloriosissima | Chestnut-bellied flowerpiercer | Endangered | Spottily in West Andes (Antioquia to Cauca) |

## Image gallery

* Ortalis garrula
* Ortalis columbiana
* Crax alberti
* Ramphomicron dorsale
* Coeligena prunellei
* Amazilia castaneiventris
* Capito hypoleucus
* Picumnus granadensis
* Melanerpes pulcher
* Pyrrhura viridicata
* Grallaria bangsi
* Synallaxis fuscorufa
* Myiotheretes pernix
* Myiarchus apicalis
* Anisognathus melanogenys
* Chlorochrysa nitidissima
* Atlapetes fuscoolivaceus
* Myioborus flavivertex
* Basileuterus basilicus
* Euphonia concinna