OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Fougasse (cartoonist)

Cyril Kenneth Bird CBE (17 December 1887 – 11 June 1965), known by the pen name Fougasse, was a British cartoonist.
He was perhaps best known for his work in Punch magazine (of which he served as editor from 1949 to 1953) and his World War II warning propaganda posters; "Careless talk costs lives" was one of the most popular. He also designed many posters for the London Underground.

## Early life

Bird was born in London on 17 December 1887, the son of Arthur Bird, a company director. He was educated at Cheltenham College and King's College London (B.Sc.). While at King's College he attended evening art classes at the Regent Street Polytechnic and at the School of Photo-Engraving in Bolt Court.
He was seriously injured at the Battle of Gallipoli during World War I and invalided out of the British Army.

## Career

Bird first contributed to Punch in 1916, while convalescing, and also contributed to several other British newspapers and magazines, including the Graphic and Tatler. His pen name was based on the fougasse, a type of mine.
As one of the best known cartoonists of the time, he was one of 170 authors who created doll-sized books exclusively for Queen Mary's Dolls' House; his illustrated verse tale, written on postage stamp-sized pages, was published as a regular-sized hardback in 2012 by the Royal Collection and Walker Books.
In the course of the 1920s and 1930s, his drawings evolved from the traditionally representational to an innovative, spare, style that was both unique and popular, featuring in many advertising campaigns as well as in magazine editorial. He became art editor of Punch from 1937 to 1949, then editor until 1953. He was the only cartoonist ever to edit the magazine. During World War II, he worked unpaid for the Ministry of Information, designing humorous but effective propaganda posters including the famous "Careless Talk Costs Lives" series. For this work he was awarded the honour of Commander of the Order of the British Empire in 1946. In 1951 he was elected as Master of the Art Workers' Guild.
He illustrated and co-wrote several humorous books with W. D. H. McCullough. These included the very successful Aces Made Easy – or Pons asinorum in a nutshell, on the subject of contract bridge, in 1934, and You Have Been Warned – A Complete Guide to the Road, in 1935.
In the mid-1950s, he taught at the Christian Science Sunday School in the Sloane Square church, which has since been converted into the Cadogan Hall concert hall. He died in London, aged 77.

## Legacy

Since 2009 his cartoon of a butler carrying a tray has been used to illustrate the front page of British Airways' First Class menus, continuing an association with the airline which goes back to the 1930s when Fougasse penned advertising posters for BA's forerunner, Imperial Airways.

## Personal life

Bird married Mary Holden Caldwell on 16 September 1914.
# St. Mary's Hall

St. Mary's Hall may refer to:

## United Kingdom

* St. Mary's Hall, Coventry, England
* Stonyhurst Saint Mary's Hall, preparatory school to Stonyhurst College, Lancashire, England
* St Mary Hall, Oxford, England
* St Mary's Hall, Brighton, girls school founded in 1836 and closed in 2009

## United States

* St. Mary's Hall at Georgetown University, Washington, D.C.
* St. Mary's Hall, a private school located in San Antonio, Texas, USA
* Doane Academy (formerly St. Mary's Hall - Doane Academy), a private school located in Burlington, New Jersey, USA
* Shattuck-Saint Mary's, a private school located in Faribault, Minnesota, USA

## China

* St. Mary's Hall, Shanghai, a girls' school in Shanghai related to St. John's University, Shanghai and St. John's University (Taiwan)
# Makrahar

Makrahar is a town in Tilottama Municipality in Rupandehi District in Lumbini Province of southern Nepal. The formerly village development committee was merged to form new municipality on 18 May 2014. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 9929 people living in 1765 individual households.
# Cantes a palo seco

The Spanish term Cantes a palo seco refers to a category of flamenco palos (musical forms) traditionally sung a cappella or, in some cases, with some sort of percussion. The category comprises the following palos:
* Tonás
* Martinetes
* Debla
* Carceleras
* Saetas
* Trilla or Trilleras.
In fact, almost any palo can be sung unaccompanied, especially in private juergas (parties), where there is often no guitarist available. Even in professional settings, some palos which are normally accompanied by the guitar, like seguiriya, bulerías, or even soleá, are sometimes heard 'a palo seco'.
# FSHV Cup

The FSHV Cup is a competition featuring professional volleyball clubs from Albania and it is contested between the 4 clubs that finished highest in the previous Albanian Volleyball League.

## Title holders

* 2011 ?
* 2012 Teuta
* 2013 ?
* 2014 Tirana
* 2015 Studenti
* 2016 Farka Volley
# Speelman baronets

The Speelman Baronetcy, of the Netherlands, is a title in the Baronetage of England. It was created on 9 September 1686 for the two-year-old Cornelis Speelman, who later became a General in the Dutch Army. At the same time his mother was given the rank of the widow of a baronet. Speelman was the only son of Johan Cornelis Speelman (1659–1686) and a grandson of Governor-General of the Dutch East Indies Cornelis Speelman (1628–1684). Johan died before the letters patent intended to create him a baronet had passed the Great Seal. The sixth Baronet was Burgemeester of the city of Harlingen in the Netherlands.
In 1817, Sir Cornelis Speelman, the 3rd Baronet, was raised into the Dutch nobility by King William I of the Netherlands. Since then all his descendants belong to the untitled nobility with the Dutch honorific title Jonkheer, with inheritance in male line. This noble family became extinct with the 8th and last baronet in 2005.

## Speelman baronets (1686)

* Sir Cornelis Speelman, 1st Baronet (1684–1746)
* Sir Cornelis Speelman, 2nd Baronet (1722–1787)
* Sir Cornelis Speelman, 3rd Baronet (1747–1825)
* Sir Abraham Florentius Speelman, 4th Baronet (1784–1840)
* Sir Cornelis Jacob Abraham Speelman, 5th Baronet (1823–1898)
* Sir Helenus Marinus Speelman, 6th Baronet (1852–1907)
* Sir Cornelis Jacob Speelman, 7th Baronet (1881–1949)
* Sir Cornelis Jacob Speelman, 8th and last Baronet (1917–2005)
# Haber (crater)

Haber is a lunar impact crater on the lunar far side near the northern pole. The crater was adopted and named after German chemist Fritz Haber by the IAU in 2009.
# Spathodus erythrodon

Spathodus erythrodon is a species of cichlid endemic to Lake Tanganyika though absent from the southern end of the lake. Preferring areas with rubble or pebble substrates, this species prefers very shallow waters usually being found in waters of less than 1 foot (0.30 m) depth. This species can reach a length of 8.5 centimetres (3.3 in) TL. It can also be found in the aquarium trade.
# Franciscus Jacobus van Vree

Franciscus Josefus van Vree (8 February 1807 – 31 January 1861) was the first bishop of Haarlem after the re-establishment of Catholic dioceses in the Netherlands in 1853, and the third since the original founding of the bishopric in the 16th century.

## Life

Van Vree was born in Rhenoy, Gelderland, on 8 February 1807. After training as a priest and receiving ordination, he was sent to the junior seminary in Katwijk (established 1831) where he taught classical languages from 1836 to 1838, when he became headmaster. In 1842 the school was transferred to the Society of Jesus and Van Vree was appointed president of the Major Seminary in Warmond. He also founded and edited a monthly magazine, De Katholiek.
When the diocese of Haarlem was refounded on 4 March 1853, along with four other Dutch dioceses, Van Vree was appointed bishop. He took possession of the see on 22 April 1853, and was consecrated by Archbishop Johannes Zwijsen on 15 May 1853. Of the five new bishops appointed, he was the only one who had not already received episcopal consecration. In 1857 he made an ad limina visit to Rome, where he was ceremonially appointed to the household of Pope Pius IX. Van Vree died suddenly in 1861 at the age of 53, having served as bishop for eight years.
# Global Running Day

Global Running Day is a day that celebrates the sport of running. It is held annually on the first Wednesday of June. Participants of all ages and abilities pledge to take part in some type of running activity by submitting their names through the Global Running Day website. Global Running Day 2024 occurred on June 5.

## History

Global Running Day was formerly known as National Running Day and began in the United States. The first event was in 2009.
The inaugural Global Running Day was held on June 1, 2016. More than 2.5 million people from 177 countries pledged to run more than 9.2 million miles. New York City Mayor, Bill de Blasio, declared June 1, 2016, to be Global Running Day in the City of New York. The 2014 Boston Marathon winner Meb Keflezighi led a group run from the Boston Run Base, and the Atlanta Track Club organized a "run around the clock" event, where at least one person from the Atlanta metro area would be running every hour of Global Running Day.
In 2017, the International Association of Athletics Federations supported Global Running Day. "The IAAF fully supports the Global Running Day and is proud to invite all of our Member Federations to join us and the world's leading race organisers in this massive celebration of the sport", said IAAF CEO Olivier Gers.
In 2018, New York Road Runners celebrated its 60th anniversary on with a finish line celebration on Global Running Day on Wednesday, June 6, during the same week NYRR was founded in 1958.
In 2019, many local running stores and clubs held independent events. For example, the Carmel Runners Club in Indiana did a group run that ended at a brewery. Runners’ Choice in Kingston, Ontario, had a group run with giveaways.
In 2020, Global Running Day was virtual due to COVID-19.
The 2021 event will also be virtually hosted globally by the New York Road Runners with a free virtual 1-mile event from June 1 to June 6.

## The Million Kid Run

The Million Kid Run is the youth division of Global Running Day and aims to have one million kids around the world participate in Global Running Day. Its focus is on making fitness fun, and inspiring kids to embrace running as a way to remain healthy and fit. In 2016, 672,030 youths took part. For the Inaugural Million Kid Run, students from around the world participated.

## Global supporters

More than 100 organizations support Global Running Day and the Million Kid Run, including the Abbott World Marathon Majors, Atlanta Track Club, Boston Athletic Association, Competitor Group, Houston Marathon Foundation, International Association of Athletics Federations, Athletics for a Better World program, National Cleanup Day, New York Road Runners, Plogging, Running USA, USA Track & Field, 100meta – Grupo de corrida e caminhada and more.
# Canonical correspondence analysis

In multivariate analysis, canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) is an ordination technique that determines axes from the response data as a unimodal combination of measured predictors. CCA is commonly used in ecology in order to extract gradients that drive the composition of ecological communities. CCA extends Correspondence Analysis (CA) with regression, in order to incorporate predictor variables.

## History

CCA was developed in 1986 by Cajo ter Braak and implemented in the program CANOCO, an extension of DECORANA. To date, CCA is one of the most popular multivariate methods in ecology, despite the availability of contemporary alternatives. CCA was originally derived and implemented using an algorithm of weighted averaging, though Legendre & Legendre (1998) derived an alternative algorithm.

## Assumptions

The requirements of a CCA are that the samples are random and independent. Also, the data are categorical and that the independent variables are consistent within the sample site and error-free. The original publication states the need for equal species tolerances, equal species maxima, and equispaced or uniformly distributed species optima and site scores.
# Bras-du-Nord Valley

The Vallée Bras-du-Nord is an outdoor center in nature, located in the territory of the municipality of Saint-Raymond, in the regional county municipality of Portneuf Regional County Municipality, in the administrative region of Capitale-Nationale, in Quebec, Canada.
This park has five reception stations: Shannahan, Perthuis, Mauvais, Cantin and the main reception (Saint-Raymond sector) whose address is at 107 Grande Ligne, Saint-Raymond, QC, G3L 2Y4.

## Main activities

This outdoor destination in Quebec offers 80 kilometres (50 mi) of hiking and snowshoeing trails and 100 kilometres (62 mi) of singletrack-type mountain biking trails. The park also offers canyoning, via ferrata, fat bike and mountain skiing activities. In terms of nautical activities, this center offers 17.5 km of river descent in calm water.
# Frankfurter Engel

The Frankfurter Engel (German for Frankfurt angel) is a memorial in the city of Frankfurt am Main in southwestern Germany; it is dedicated to homosexual people who were persecuted under Nazi rule, and as well as under Paragraph 175 of the German Criminal Code during the 1950s and 1960s.

## Design

The memorial is a statue of an angel and is the first of its kind in Germany. Subsequent memorials in Germany are Kölner Rosa Winkel (1995) in Cologne and Memorial to Homosexuals persecuted under Nazism (2008) in Berlin.
At the base of the memorial, written in German, is:
   Homosexuelle Männer und Frauen wurden im Nationalsozialismus verfolgt und ermordet. Die Verbrechen wurden geleugnet, die Getöteten verschwiegen, die Überlebenden verachtet und verurteilt. Daran erinnern wir in dem Bewusstsein, dass Männer, die Männer lieben, und Frauen, die Frauen lieben, immer wieder verfolgt werden können. Frankfurt am Main. Dezember 1994
This can be translated to English as:
   Homosexual men and women were persecuted and murdered in Nazi Germany. The crimes were denied, the dead concealed, the survivors scorned and prosecuted. We remember this, in the awareness that men who love men and women who love women still face persecution. Frankfurt am Main. December 1994.
The memorial honors homosexuals who were persecuted and/or died during the Nazi rule and Paragraph 175 of the German Criminal Code that outlawed homosexuality during the 1950s and 1960s. It was reformed in 1969 and fully repealed in 1973.

## History

On 20 July 1992 a competition for the memorial design began. Ultimately, the winner of the competition was the artist Rosemarie Trockel, and the memorial was built at the crossing of the streets Schäfergasse and Alte Gasse. On 11 December 1994 the memorial was opened.
# Euphémie Daguilh

Euphémie Daguilh (died in Les Cayes, Haiti, 1834), was a Haitian composer and choreographer, royal mistress of emperor Jean-Jacques Dessalines and famed for her fearless care of the wounded during the campaign of 1805. Haitian legal historian Mirlande Manigat refers to her as Euphémie Daguile. She is believed to have been Dessalines' most influential mistress.

## Life

Daguilh met Dessalines in Les Cayes during his campaign in Southern Haiti, where she nursed him during his sickness. She followed Dessalines during his campaign against Santo Domingo and made her name respected when tending to the wounded soldiers during gunfight. Thomas Madiou has referred to her as a heroine.
Euphémie Daguilh composed several songs which became popular in Haiti.
Her relationship with Dessalines was public and a letter paper was printed with the text: "The Friend of Jacques, His Majesty Emperor of Haiti", and she was granted an allowance. Daguilh hosted a salon with the task to spy on the military of Southern Haiti. While Dessalines was still alive, her monthly expenses paid by the state were about 1000 gourdes. Upon complaints to Dessalines by Balthazar Inginac, Director of state properties for the West of Haiti, her allowance was reduced to 800 piastres.
When Dessalines was deposed, a mob broke in her house with the intent to lynch her, but she managed to calm them by serving them dessert and singing her songs to them. She later married one of the prominent members of the Haitian military, Lacoude Bellefleur aka Bellefleur Laconde of whom she had had children before her liaison with Dessalines.
# Hagyárosbörönd

Hagyárosbörönd is a village in Zala County, Hungary.
# Spathoglottis paulinae

Spathoglottis paulinae, commonly known as the small purple orchid, is a plant in the orchid family and is native to New Guinea and Tropical North Queensland. It is an evergreen terrestrial orchid with crowded pseudobulbs, between four and seven large, pleated leaves and up to thirty mauve to purple flowers.

## Description

Spathoglottis paulinae is an evergreen, terrestrial herb with crowded pseudobulbs 30–50 mm (1–2 in) long and wide just below the surface of the soil. There are between four and seven dark green, pleated leaves emerging from each pseudobulb. The leaves are lance-shaped, 80–180 mm (3–7 in) long and 30–50 mm (1–2 in) wide on a stalk 60–120 mm (2–5 in) long. Between six and thirty pale mauve to purple flowers 20–30 mm (0.8–1 in) long and wide are borne on a flowering stem 30–120 mm (1–5 in) long. The sepals are 12–20 mm (0.5–0.8 in) long, 5–7 mm (0.2–0.3 in) wide and the petals are 10–18 mm (0.4–0.7 in) long, 8–9 mm (0.3–0.4 in) wide. The sepals are egg-shaped with the narrower end towards the base, the petals are broadly egg-shaped and all five make a star-like shape. The labellum projects forward, 9–12 mm (0.4–0.5 in) long, 9–10 mm (0.35–0.39 in) wide and has three lobes. The middle lobe is spatula-shaped with two yellow calli and the side lobes are narrow and curve upwards. Flowering occurs between July and March. Some plants appear to be self-pollinating with flowers that barely open whilst others are insect pollinated and open widely for a few days.

## Taxonomy and naming

Spathoglottis paulinae was first formally described in 1867 by Ferdinand von Mueller who published the description in Fragmenta phytographiae Australiae.

## Distribution and habitat

'The small purple orchid grows in wet places with grasses in open forest. It occurs in Papua New Guinea, West New Guinea in tropical north Queensland between Cooktown and Ingham and in northern parts of the Northern Territory.
# Monorack

Monorack is the name of either of two monorails running on rack railways. Both systems are used for light loads in steep environments.
* Monorackbahn systems by Doppelmayr, used mainly in Switzerland, Germany and Italy, with an edge size of 6 centimeters (2.4 in)
* Slope car railways by Kaho Manufacturing [ja], used mainly in Japan and South Korea, with an edge size of 4 centimeters (1.6 in)
# Hannah Firmin

Hannah May Firmin, (born 24 March 1956) is an illustrator and printmaker. She is notable for illustrating the book covers of Alexander McCall Smith's The No. 1 Ladies' Detective Agency series for which she was awarded "Book Cover of the Year" at the British Book Awards 2004.

## Biography

Firmin is the second daughter of Peter Firmin, co-creator with the late Oliver Postgate, of the children's television programmes Pingwings, Pogles' Wood, Noggin the Nog, Ivor the Engine, Clangers and Bagpuss. She grew up in Blean, Kent, before moving to London to attend Chelsea College of Art, and then The Royal College of Art in 1981. Since then she has worked as a freelance illustrator for books, magazines, newspapers and for advertising and design companies.
In 2004 Firmin was awarded the award for "best book cover" at the British Book Awards for her work on Alexander McCall Smith's "The No. 1 Ladies' Detective Agency". She has illustrated the covers for the ten books in the series, to critical acclaim. With McCall Smith, Firmin has supported the literacy charity Book Aid International, donating an illustrated McCall Smith story for auction. She tends to work in the printing media, numbering among her influences the work of both Indian and African relief printers.
Firmin has two children and lives in Wales.
# Never Knew Love

Never Knew Love may refer to:
* Never Knew Love (Rick Astley song)
* Never Knew Love (Oleta Adams song)
# Canonical domain

Canonical domain may refer to:
* CNAME record, loosely called a "canonical domain name"
* One of the simply-connected Riemann surfaces – see uniformization theorem
# FC JAX Destroyers

FC JAX Destroyers were an American soccer team based in Jacksonville, Florida, United States from 2011 to 2012. The organization had men's and women's franchises in the United Soccer Leagues: a men's team in the USL Premier Development League (PDL) and a women's team in the W-League that launched in 2012. They played their home games at the Jacksonville University soccer field.

## History

The team was founded in 2010 by FC JAX Soccer to fill a gap in organized men's and women's soccer in Jacksonville. The organization was officially announced on April 21, 2011 with plans for men's and women's franchises in the United Soccer Leagues, both playing under the FC JAX Destroyers name.
The men's team played from 2011–2012 in the USL Premier Development League, the fourth tier of soccer in the United States and Canada, in the Southeast Division of the Southern Conference. They played their home games at the newly renovated soccer field at Jacksonville University. Their first competitive game was on May 13, 2011, a 3–1 loss to Mississippi Brilla. The first goal in franchise history was an own goal scored by Mississippi's Thomas Shannon; the first JAX player to score a goal was Isaac Kinman, in a 2–0 victory over the Nashville Metros two days later.
The women's team played in the W-League, the second tier of women's soccer in the American Soccer Pyramid, in the 2012 season. Their first game was on May 19. However, FC Jax Destroyers withdrew from the United Soccer Leagues before the 2013 season.

## Year-by-year

| Year | Division | League | Regular Season | Playoffs | Open Cup |
| 2011 | 4 | USL PDL | 4th, Southeast | Did not qualify | Did not qualify |
| 2012 | | USL PDL | Southeast | | |

## Head coaches

* Aidan Davison (July 2011 – 2012)
* Eric Dutt (April 2011 – June 2011)
* Marc Osterberger Women's coach (March 2012 – July 2012)

## Stadium

* D. B. Milne Field at Jacksonville University; Jacksonville, Florida (2011–2012)
# Eupines bituberculata

Eupines bituberculata is a beetle in the Staphylinidae family, which is found in New South Wales.
It was first described by Arthur Mills Lea in 1911.