OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Godwin Laboratory, University of Cambridge

The Godwin Laboratory is a research facility at the University of Cambridge. It was originally set up to investigate radiocarbon dating and its applications, and was one of the first laboratories to determine a radiocarbon calibration curve. The lab is named after the English scientist Harry Godwin.

## History

With the late Professor Sir Nicholas Shackleton in charge, the focus of research shifted to marine isotope records, which document changes in the size of polar ice sheets and temperature changes. This research helped to establish the Milankovitch Theory as the most plausible explanation of glacial/interglacial changes over the past million years, and was continued to develop much more extensive geological timescales, covering the last 30 million years, on the basis of this hypothesis. Other areas researched by members of the laboratory include pollen records and tree rings as a proxy for past climate. The laboratory changed principal allegiance from the Department of Plant Sciences to the Department of Earth Sciences around 1995.
In 2005, after Nick Shackleton's retirement, the laboratory was incorporated into the building housing the Department of Earth Sciences, where it continues to operate. It is part of the inter-departmental Godwin Institute for Quaternary Research, a loose collection of Cambridge University research facilities and workers focused on research particularly addressing the history of the last 1.8 million years.
# Gothra (disambiguation)

Gothra is a Hindu clan or lineage, an alternative spelling of Gotra
Gothra may also refer to the following places in India:
* Gothra, Bhiwani, village in Bhiwani district, Haryana, India
* Gothra, Rewari, village in Rewari district, Haryana, India
* Gothra, Rajasthan, town in JhunJhunu district, Rajasthan, India
* Gothra, Gujarat, a village and jagir in the princely state of Kamadia, India
# Franz Xaver Hammer

Franz Xaver Hammer called Marteau (1741 – 11 October 1817) was a German gambist, cellist and composer.
Hammer was born in Oettingen in Bayern. From 1771 to 1778, he worked under Joseph Haydn as cellist of the Esterhazy's court ensemble in Eisenstadt and at the Eszterháza palace. It is thought that Haydn composed three cello concertos for him. His salary rose from already high—100 ducats and 30 kreuzers—a few times suggesting his extraordinary qualities as an instrumentalist. At the premiere of Haydn's oratorio Il Ritorno di Tobia, Hammer played his own cello concerto. During 1776–1813, he was member of the Viennese musicians' society.
From his works have survived sonatas for viola da gamba, viola d'amore and violoncello with basso continuo and also manuscript collections of instructive pieces and solo concertos for violoncello or viola da gamba and orchestra.
# Gothpani

Gothpani is a village development committee in Kabhrepalanchok District in Bagmati Province of central Nepal. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 2,768 and had 486 houses in it.
# Forbestra

Forbestra is a genus of clearwing (ithomiine) butterflies, named by Fox in 1967. They are in the brush-footed butterfly family, Nymphalidae.

## Species

Arranged alphabetically.
* Forbestra equicola (Cramer, [1780])
* Forbestra olivencia (Bates, 1862)
* Forbestra proceris (Weymer, 1883)
# Game, game, game and again game

Game, Game, Game, and again Game is a digital poem and art video game by Jason Nelson, published on the web in 2007. The poem is simultaneously played and read as it takes the form of a quirky, hand-drawn online platform game. It was translated into French by Amélie Paquet for Revue Blueorange in 2010. Its sequel is I made this. You play this. We are Enemies (2009).

## Gameplay and reading experience

Although the game uses game mechanics familiar from simple platform games, the hand-drawn graphics and the integration of poetic lines and phrases draw attention to the literary and aesthetic features of the experience. Rather than striving for a high score, the player is "moving, jumping, and falling through an excessive, disjointed, poetic atmosphere".
Game, Game, Game, and again Game has "high interpretive difficulty from a minimal mechanical difficulty", Patrick Jagoda argues. It is not difficult to play the game, he writes: "the game includes relatively few enemies and obstacles, avoids substantial punitive measures for the avatar’s death, and gives the player an unlimited number of lives". However, it is difficult to interpret the meaning of the game while playing it. For instance, the level names are often long and subtitled, but disappear quickly, cheating the reader-player of the "slow reflectiveness that is both possible and encouraged in print-based poetry".
With its inclusion in the Electronic Literature Collection Vol. 2, the editors introduce the work with this: "By usurping the well-known conventions of video game play, in this case, the run-and-leap paradigm familiar since Donkey Kong, Nelson has found a way to lure the user through his many levels of writing, drawings and old home movies with a simple but effective reward, increased survival."
The gameplay has been documented in video recordings by archivists and Let's Play videos.

## Reception

The game has been taught at several universities such as Davidson College, Yale University, and UCLA. Nelson himself describes his surprise at the online attention the game received when reviewed on game sites: "Here was an artwork, considered experimental in the fields of electronic art and writing (a digital poem and art-game for crusty crunk’s sake), and it was being discussed, shared, blasted and praised as a game". L.B. Jeffries writes that it will "forever change how you think about video games."
David Thomas Henry Wright notes that "disrupts commercial video game design". However, Maria Engberg and Jay David Bolter argue that the game "nevertheless strikes the player/reader as playful, rather than menacing or laden with corporate critique". Astrid Ensslin describes it as "primarily playable rather than readable".
# Fact (disambiguation)

A fact is an occurrence in the real world.
Fact or Facts may also refer to:

## Basic uses

* Fact (law), a statement which is found to be true after hearing evidence
* Fact (data warehouse), a value or measurement, which represents a fact about the managed entity or system
* Fact, a verifiable and objective observation in science
* Fact, a true proposition or something that makes a proposition true in philosophy; see truthmaker

## Literature

* Fact (UK magazine), an online music magazine
* Fact (US magazine), a former American publication that commented on controversial topics
* Fact, a left-wing British magazine edited by Raymond Postgate
* "Facts", a poem by Lewis Carroll

## Music

* Fact (band), a Japanese post-hardcore band
* Fact (album), the self-titled album of Japanese post-hardcore band Fact
* "Facts" (Kanye West song)
* "Facts" (Tom MacDonald and Ben Shapiro song)
* "Facts", a song by H.E.R. from the album H.E.R.
* "Facts", a song by Lecrae from the album All Things Work Together
# Gampola East Grama Niladhari Division

Gampola East Grama Niladhari Division is a Grama Niladhari Division of the Udapalatha Divisional Secretariat of Kandy District of Central Province, Sri Lanka. It has Grama Niladhari Division Code 1108.
Gampola are located within, nearby or associated with Gampola East.
Gampola East is a surrounded by the Bothalapitiya, Illawathura, Polkumbura, Unambuwa, Ilangawatta, Kahatapitiya and Ilangawatta Grama Niladhari Divisions.

## Demographics
### Ethnicity

The Gampola East Grama Niladhari Division has a Moor majority (86.9%). In comparison, the Udapalatha Divisional Secretariat (which contains the Gampola East Grama Niladhari Division) has a Sinhalese majority (55.9%), a significant Moor population (22.0%) and a significant Indian Tamil population (13.5%)
Ethnicity in Gampola East

### Religion

The Gampola East Grama Niladhari Division has a Muslim majority (87.6%). In comparison, the Udapalatha Divisional Secretariat (which contains the Gampola East Grama Niladhari Division) has a Buddhist majority (55.0%), a significant Muslim population (22.7%) and a significant Hindu population (19.5%)
Religion in Gampola East

## Gallery

* Gampola
vtePlaces adjacent to Gampola East Grama Niladhari Division :
Unambuwa
Ilangawatta and Ilangawatta
Kahatapitiya
Gampola East Grama Niladhari Division
Polkumbura
Illawathura
Bothalapitiya :
# Brühlbach (Erms, Bad Urach)

The Brühlbach is a river in Baden-Württemberg, Germany. It flows into the Erms near Bad Urach.

## Geography
### Sources

The springs of the Brühlbach are located about 150 m southwest of the Urach waterfall. They are several karst springs, which emerge in a rugged limestone plateau. The water comes from the plateau around Würtingen. There, rainwater seeps through the calcareous rock layers. The carbonated water absorbs lime and collects on the water-impermeable marl layer below. Approximately 28 hours after its infiltration, the water reappears in the Brühlbach springs. The flow varies depending on weather and season from about 70 L/s up to 420 L/s. In exceptionally dry summers the springs can even dry up.

### Course

After its source, the Brühlbach falls down the Urach waterfall. Below it is strengthened by further springs. It flows in a predominantly northern direction through the "Brühl" and - after the "Gütersteinbach" from the "Gütersteiner Wasserfall" - through the "Maisental". Near the Bad Urach gauge on the northwest edge of the city, the Brühlbach flows into the Erms.
# Filippo Ferrari

Filippo Ferrari (Philippus Ferrarius) (1551 – 1626) was an Italian Servite friar and scholar, known as a geographer, and also noted as a hagiographer.

## Life

He was born at Oviglio in Piedmont. It is near Alessandria, and he was nicknamed Alessandrino (Philippus Ferrarius Alexandrinus). He taught mathematics for 48 years at the University of Pavia.
Ferrari was prior general of his order from 1604 to 1609, and vicar general in 1624/5. He was therefore head of the Servites at the time of the Venetian Interdict, and was consulted by Paolo Sarpi in Venice. A detailed account of Ferrari's dealings with Pope Paul V during the confrontation of those years was given by Fulgenzio Micanzio, Sarpi's ally. It was with Ferrari's approval that Sarpi took up the appointment as theological consultant to Venice on 28 January 1606.

## Works

Ferrari published his Epitome Geographicum in 1605. His Lexicon Geographicum was published internationally in a number of later editions: edited by William Dillingham (London, 1657), and by Michel Antoine Baudrand (Paris, 1670). It was used in the Dictionarium Historicum, (Oxford, 1670) of Nicholas Lloyd.
Other works included:
* Nova Topographia in Martyrologium Romanum (1609).
* Catalogus sanctorum Italiae in Menses duodecim distributus (1613).
* Catalogus generalis sanctorum (1625).
# Gordon (1903–1904)

Gordon, Gordon Cycle & Motor Company Ltd was a British manufacturer of bicycles and motor cars in 1903 and 1904. It was established on the Seven Sisters Road, north London.

## History

Gordon Cycle & Motor Company was established on the Seven Sisters Road, north London in 1903 and production ended in 1904.

## Motorcars

The Gordon Miniature was a voiturette with a 6 hp single cylinder engine, two speed transmission and chain drive to the rear axle. It weighed under 488 pounds and was priced at 125 guineas (£131.25).
In 1904 the car was enhanced with a 3 speed gearbox.
# Guioa myriadenia

Guioa myriadenia is a species of plant in the family Sapindaceae. It is endemic to the Philippines.
# Muskegon Area Transit System

The Muskegon Area Transit System (MATS) is the primary provider of mass transportation in Muskegon County, Michigan. Service is provided from Monday through Friday along seven routes. The agency also provides a Complementary ADA Paratransit Service that operates within 3/4 mile of the fixed routes. A micro-transit service called Go2 provides on-demand service Monday-Saturday. Go2 is sponsored by MATS and provided by Via. In 2023, the system had a ridership of 242,300, or about 1,000 per weekday as of the second quarter of 2024.

## Route list

* A: Route 1
* B: Route 2
* C: Route 11
* D: Route 12
* E: Route 21
* F: Route 22
* G: Route 31

## Herman Ivory Terminal

The Herman Ivory Terminal, located at 351 Morris Avenue, is the primary transfer hub for MATS. The $2.8 million facility opened August 1, 2015 with space for MATS and for Greyhound Lines buses and includes an indoor waiting area and customer service desk. The bus terminal replaced a previous one on the same site, after nine months of construction and over a decade of planning.
# Fayet, Aisne

Fayet (French pronunciation:) is a commune in the Aisne department in Hauts-de-France northern France.
# Forbhlaith, Countess of Atholl

Forbhlaith (written also as Forflissa, Ferelith, Fernelith or Forueleth) was the latter of two heiresses of Atholl, the other being her sister Isabella. She married David de Hastings, a French knight who already possessed minor lands in Angus. They were, however, without a son when David died in 1247. They were succeeded by their daughter Ada.
# Emsisoft

Emsisoft Ltd. (est. 2003) is a New Zealand-based anti-virus software distributed company. They are notable for decrypting ransomware attacks to restore data.

## History

Emsisoft is an anti-malware and cybersecurity software and consulting company founded in Austria in 2003 by Christian Mairoll. The company makes anti-malware software and decryption tools used by companies and individuals to help them recover computer files encrypted in ransomware attacks. It also tracks and generates studies on ransomware attacks.
Mairoll, who is CEO, relocated to rural New Zealand in 2014, moving Emsisoft’s headquarters to the country, while its employees across Europe, Asia and the United States remained remote.
In 2019, Emsisoft donated decryption tools to Europol's No More Ransom project. The company’s decryption tools were also used to help resolve the Kaseya VSA ransomware attack, DarkSide and BlackMatter ransomware attacks against dozens of companies across the U.S., Europe and Britain in 2021.
Ireland’s National Cyber Security Centre used Emsisoft’s decryption tools in May 2021 to help the country's health service department recover from a ransomware attack.
In early 2021, Emsisoft suffered a system data breach due to a configuration error, leading to the release of a database containing log records, including email addresses, generated by Emsisoft, that were accessed by at least one unauthorized individual. After detecting the attack, Emsisoft implemented security mechanisms, including disconnecting the compromised system and investigated the incident using forensic analysis. Customers were notified and Emsisoft issued a public apology for the incident.

## Technology

Emsisoft's anti-malware technology is called Emsisoft Anti-Malware and has three versions: Anti-Malware Home, Business Security and Enterprise Security. The company also makes an extension for the web browsers Google Chrome, Firefox and Microsoft Edge that enables blocking access to malicious and phishing websites.
# Fact 2002

Fact 2002 was a 12-inch record released by the pop group Bis, paying tribute to Factory Records. The EP was given a low-key release.
It features covers of Joy Division's biggest hit "Love Will Tear Us Apart" (1980), New Order's B-side "Hurt" which was released with "Temptation" (1982), the debut single of A Certain Ratio "Shack Up" (1980) and "Looking from a Hilltop" from Section 25, which originally appeared on From the Hip (1984).
# Erik Rudeng

Erik Rudeng (born 7 February 1946) is a Norwegian historian, administrator, essayist and biographer. He was born in Oslo. He worked for the publishing house Universitetsforlaget from 1981 to 1985. He was director of the Norwegian Museum of Cultural History from 1990 to 2000, and director of the institution Fritt Ord from 2001. Among his books are biographies of Johan Throne Holst and William Martin Nygaard.
# Fiona Watson

Fiona Watson (1968 – 19 August 2003) was a Scottish political affairs officer working in Sérgio Vieira de Mello's office who was killed along with other members of United Nations Assistance Mission in Iraq staff in the Canal Hotel bombing in Baghdad, on the afternoon of 19 August 2003.

## Biography

Watson received a first class honours degree from Heriot-Watt University in Edinburgh, and an M.Phil. in 'International relations and Ballistic studies' from the University of Cambridge, where she was part of Darwin College.
Prior to joining the UN, Watson worked with the European Commission and for a period with the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe. During her career with the UN, Watson had been involved in many of the world's hot spots, including Bosnia and Kosovo: Watson worked in the United Nations Interim Administration Mission in Kosovo to Bernard Kouchner the UN's special representative to Kosovo. An experienced linguist, she worked with the UN for almost four years as a political analyst. At the time of her death she was political affairs officer on the staff of Special Representative of the Secretary-General Sérgio Vieira de Mello.
Watson's family and friends set up the Fiona Watson Memorial Fund to provide bursaries for final year students at her first university, Heriot-Watt, to enable them to spend a year with the UN or a similar international organisation.
# CCGS CG 119

CCGS CG 119 is a patrol vessel of the Canadian Coast Guard. The ship is a converted self-righting lifeboat similar to the Waveney-class lifeboat.
# Faverolles

Faverolles may refer to several communes in France:
* Faverolles, Aisne, in the Aisne département
* Faverolles, Cantal, in the Cantal département
* Faverolles, Eure-et-Loir, in the Eure-et-Loir département
* Faverolles, Indre, in the Indre département
* Faverolles, Haute-Marne, in the Haute-Marne département
* Faverolles, Orne, in the Orne département
* Faverolles, Somme, in the Somme département
* Faverolles-et-Coëmy, in the Marne département
* Faverolles-la-Campagne, in the Eure département
* Faverolles-lès-Lucey, in the Côte-d'Or département
* Faverolles-sur-Cher, in the Loir-et-Cher département
* Faverolles-les-Mares, a former commune that is now Bournainville-Faverolles in the Eure département
* Faverolles (chicken), a breed of chicken
# Guioa multijuga

Guioa multijuga is a species of plant in the family Sapindaceae. It is endemic to West Papua (Indonesia). It is a vulnerable species threatened by habitat loss.
# Muskegon (YTB-763)

Muskegon (YTB‑763), was a United States Navy Natick-class large harbor tug. She is the second ship to be named for Muskegon, Michigan.

## Construction

The contract for Muskegon was awarded 7 December 1961. She was laid down on 1 February 1962 at Slidell, Louisiana, by Southern Shipbuilding Corporation and launched 8 August 1962.

## Operational history

Assigned as a yard tug to the 11th Naval District at San Diego, Muskegon remained there into 1969. Sometime before March 1994 Muskegon was transferred to Commander Fleet Activities Yokosuka, Japan.
# Fayet

Fayet may refer to:
* Fayet, Aisne, a commune in the department of Aisne
* Fayet, Aveyron, a commune in the department of Aveyron
* Fayet-le-Château, a commune in the department of Puy-de-Dôme
* Fayet-Ronaye, a commune in the department of Puy-de-Dôme
* Gustave Fayet, French painter
# CCSDS 122.0-B-1

CCSDS 122.0 is a CCSDS lossless to lossy image compression standard originally released in November 2005. The encoder consists of two parts—a discrete wavelet transform transform coder followed by a bitplane encoder on the similar lines as Embedded Zerotree Wavelet by Shapiro.

## Encoder

CCSDS 122.0 makes use of a three-level two-dimensional discrete wavelet transform (DWT) using a biorthogonal 9/7 tap filters, followed by a bit-plane encoder. It has some design commonalities with ICER and JPEG 2000 that use similar wavelet coding schemes.
The transform (DWT) can be computed using either floating-point or integer arithmetic. The integer transform uses non-linear approximation of the 9/7 wavelet and it is used in the lossless coding scheme. The floating-point DWT contributes to the lossy scheme.

## Known flaws

This compression format is sensitive to bit corruption in the deep space channel, but it is unclear if this sensitivity is greater than ICER or JPEG 2000.
The effects of a single bit error can propagate to corrupt reconstructed image data to the end of the affected segment. Measures must be taken to minimize the number of potential bit errors on the transmission link.
There is a known partial fix, but it is not mandatory.
    The transport mechanism for the delivery of the encoded bitstream shall support, in the event of a bit error, the ability to relocate the header of the next segment.
In case the encoded bitstream is to be transmitted over a CCSDS space link, several protocols that have built in error correction and detection can be used to transfer the sequence of segments (the highest coding level in this image format).
Unlike ICER that has been used in products and projects outside the space agencies, this image compression system has no history of use outside the space agencies.

## Versions

| date | CCSDS | ISO |
| November 2005 | CCSDS 122.0-B-1 | ISO 26868:2009 |
| September 2017 | CCSDS 122.0-B-2 | |
# Amselia heringi

Amselia heringi is a species of moth in the family Crambidae. The species was first described by Hans Georg Amsel in 1935, and is the type species of genus Amselia.
It is found in multiple countries in the Middle East, as well as Morocco. Its type locality is in Israel.
The forewing colour is variable.
# Financier (cake)

A financier (French pronunciation:) (formerly known as a visitandine (French pronunciation:)) is a small French almond cake, flavoured with beurre noisette, usually baked in a small mold. Light and moist with a crisp, eggshell-like exterior, the traditional financier also contains egg whites, flour, and powdered sugar. The molds are usually small rectangular loaves similar in size to petits fours.

## History

The financier originates from the French region of Lorraine. Originally made by the Visitandine order of nuns in the 17th century, the financier was popularized in the 19th century.
The name financier is said to derive from the traditional rectangular mold, which resembles a bar of gold when the Swiss reinterpreted the financier and baked it in this form. Some French bakeries still sell this cake under the name of "visitandine".
According to another tradition, the cake became popular in the financial district of Paris surrounding the Paris stock exchange, as the cake could easily be stored in the pocket for long periods without being damaged.