OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Garigliano bowl

The Garigliano bowl is a small impasto bowl with bucchero glaze likely to have been produced around 500 BC, with an early Latin inscription written in a form of the western Greek or Etruscan alphabet. It was found along the river Garigliano, between Lazio and Campania, in the vicinity of ancient Minturnae (now Minturno, Italy), in the ancient territory occupied by the Aurunci.
    A: AHUIDIES
    B: NEI[- - -]PARIMEDESOMKOMMEOISSOKIOISTRIVOIADDEOMDUO
As for word division, NEI PARI MED ESOM KOM MEOIS SOKIOIS is clear; the rest is controversial. Brent Vine, however, offers the following interpretation:
Archaic Latin text: NEI PARI MED ESOM KOM MEOIS SOKIOIS TRIFOS AUDEOM DUO[M]
Classical Latin version: nē pare (nōlī capere) mē! sum cum meīs sociīs tribus Audiōrum duōrum
English translation: Do not take me! I am with my three companions (property) of the two Audii
# Garik

Garik may refer to:

## People

* Garik Israelian (b. 1963), Armenian-Spanish astronomer
* Garik Martirosyan (b. 1974), Armenian entertainer
* Garik Samanba (b. 1957), Abkhaz politician
* Garik Sukachov (b. 1959), Russian poet and musician
* Garik Kimovich Weinstein (b. 1963), birth name of Russian chess master Garry Kasparov
* Garik Seko, a Georgian born Czech animator who worked in Jiří Trnka Studio

## Places

* Garik, Kerman, a village in Kerman Province, Iran
* Garik, Shahr-e Babak, a village in Kerman Province, Iran
* Garik, West Azerbaijan, a village in West Azerbaijan Province, Iran
# Enes aruensis

Enes aruensis is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Breuning in 1959.
# Erim, Posof

Erim is a village in the Posof District, Ardahan Province, Turkey. Its population is 23 (2021).
# Erim

Erim or ERIM may refer to:
* Environmental Research Institute of Michigan, an organization in the United States that develops remote sensing technology
* Erasmus Research Institute of Management, the joint research institute of the Rotterdam School of Management and the Erasmus School of Economics, both at Erasmus University Rotterdam
* ERIM (army Sumerogram), the capital letter-(majuscule) sumerogram for the Akkadian language word army, or "troops"

## People

* Kenan Erim (1929–1990), Turkish archaeologist
* Kerim Erim (1894–1952), Turkish mathematician
* Nihat Erim (1912–1980), Turkish politician

## Places

* Erim, Posof, a village in the district of Posof, Ardahan Province, Turkey
# Blommersia

Blommersia is a genus of frogs in the mantellid subfamily Mantellinae. This genus is restricted to Madagascar. At present it contains 11 species. It was formerly a subgenus of the genus Mantidactylus but was elevated to genus-level in 2006.

## Species

| Scientific name | Distribution |
| Blommersia angolafa Andreone, Rosa, Noël, Crottini, Vences, and Raxworthy, 2010 | eastern Madagascar |
| Blommersia bara Vences, Multzsch, Köhler, Crottini, Andreone, Rakotoarison, Scherz & Glaw, 2023 | Madagascar |
| Blommersia blommersae (Guibé, 1975) | Madagascar |
| Blommersia dejongi Vences, Köhler, Pabijan, and Glaw, 2010 | Madagascar |
| Blommersia domerguei (Guibé, 1974) | Madagascar |
| Blommersia galani Vences, Köhler, Pabijan, and Glaw, 2010 | east coast of Madagascar |
| Blommersia grandisonae (Guibé, 1974) | Madagascar |
| Blommersia kely (Glaw and Vences, 1994) | Madagascar |
| Blommersia sarotra (Glaw and Vences, 2002) | Madagascar |
| Blommersia transmarina Glaw, Hawlitschek, Glaw K., and Vences, 2019 | Comoros Islands |
| Blommersia variabilis Pabijan, Gehring, Köhler, Glaw, and Vences, 2011 | north-eastern Madagascar |
| Blommersia wittei (Guibé, 1974) | Madagascar |
# Irish Rifles

Irish Rifles may refer to:
* Royal Ulster Rifles
* London Irish Rifles
* Cape Town Irish Volunteer Rifles
* 37th New York Volunteer Infantry Regiment
# Gary Armstrong (cricketer)

Garfield 'Gary' McCline Armstrong (born 17 April 1965) is a former Bahamian cricketer. Armstrong is a right-handed batsman who bowled right-arm medium pace. Armstrong had represented the Bahamas national cricket team in 27 matches.
Armstrong made his debut for the Bahamas in the 2002 ICC Americas Championship against the United States.
Armstrong made his only Twenty20 appearance for the Bahamas against the Cayman Islands in the 1st round of the 2006 Stanford 20/20. Armstrong scored 1 run and took 2/22 with the ball, as the Bahamas lost by 57 runs.
Armstrong also represented the Bahamas in the 2008 ICC World Cricket League Division Five the 2010 ICC Americas Championship Division 2, where his final appearance for the Bahamas came against Suriname.

## Family

Armstrong's brother, Llewellyn Armstrong has also played for and captained the Bahamas.
# Ernst Krause (biologist)

Ernst Ludwig Krause also known under the pen-name Carus Sterne (22 November 1839 in Zielenzig, – 24 August 1903 in Eberswalde) was a German pharmacist and naturalist. Sterne was noted for his popular writing on the subjects of nature, the history of science and human psychology.

## Biography

Krause was born in Zielenzig to Ernst Friedrich and Eleonore. He grew up in Neumark, studying in Meseritz where he became introduced to the natural sciences through the secondary school teacher Herman Loew. He trained as a pharmacist and then worked in the Küstrin garrison hospital as a pharmacist as part of military service. In 1862 he attended lectures at Berlin by Gustav Magnus, Eilhard Mitscherlich, Gustav Rose, Otto Berg and Alexander Braun. He passed the state examination and worked as a pharmacist in Düsseldorf and Berlin. He wrote in the newspapers and periodicals on popular science topics. He was critical of spiritualism and parapsychology and approached it through the materialist philosophy of the natural sciences. In 1866 he wrote on the natural history of ghosts. In 1874 he went to the University of Rostock where he received a doctorate in botany in relation to morphology. In 1877 he started, with support from Ernst Haeckel, a journal called Kosmos to provide a view on evolution. He wrote a Darwinian creation story Werden und Vergehen in 1876 which went into six editions by 1905. This included an ethnic theory of "Nordic Greekness" which received much criticism. He moved from living in Berlin to Eberswalde where he died.

## Selected works

* Die Naturgeschichte der Gespenster. Physikalisch-physiologisch-psychologische Studien, Weimar 1863 – The natural history of ghosts. Physico-physiological-psychological studies.
* Werden und Vergehen eine Entwicklungsgeschichte des Naturganzen in gemeinverständlicher Fassung (11 editions published between 1876 and 1907) – Growth and decay, a history of the whole of nature in a common sense approach.
* "Erasmus Darwin", (30 editions published between 1879 and 2009 in English and German). Published in German as "Erasmus Darwin und seine Stellung in der Geschichte der Descendenz-Theorie" (biography of Erasmus Darwin, translated from the German by W.S. Dallas; with a preliminary notice by Charles Darwin).
* Charles Darwin und sein Verhältnis zu Deutschland (10 editions published between 1885 and 1887) – Charles Darwin and his relationship in Germany.
* Die allgemeine Weltanschauung in ihrer historischen Entwickelung, Stuttgart 1889 – The general world belief in historical development.
* Natur und Kunst. Studien zur Entwicklungsgeschichte der Kunst, 1891 – Nature and Art: Studies on the Evolution of Art.
* Geschichte der biologischen Wissenschaften im 19. Jahrhundert, Berlin 1901 – History of biological sciences in the 19th Century.
Krause was also the author of numerous articles in the journal Die Gartenlaube.
# Ernst Krankemann

Ernst Krankemann (19 December 1895 – 28 July 1941) was an infamous kapo in Auschwitz concentration camp.
A German common criminal, he was transferred into Auschwitz on 29 August 1940, after being sentenced to life imprisonment on a murder conviction. Although generally disliked amongst the Schutzstaffel guards, Krankemann had powerful supporters such as Karl Fritzsch, the camp's lagerführer and second-in-charge to commandant Rudolf Hoess.
As a kapo, Krankemann held great power over other inmates of Auschwitz, including the authority to murder. One infamous incident involved Krankemann ordering other inmates to pull a very heavy roller over a collapsed inmate, killing him. About February 1941, it was reported he 'enjoyed strangling and kicking prisoners until they died', including inmates who were ill or with a disability.
On 28 July 1941, as part of the newly-extended adult euthanasia Action 14f13, Krankemann was chosen along with 572 other inmates to be taken by train to the Sonnenstein Euthanasia Clinic, a converted mental hospital, near Dresden. These were the first Auschwitz inmates to be gassed, although they were not gassed at Auschwitz itself. It has been claimed Krankemann was lynched before reaching the mental hospital.
# Garra spilota

Garra spilota is a species of ray-finned fish in the genus Garra from Myanmar.
# Garra tamangi

Garra tamangi is a species of ray-finned fish in the genus Garra described from the Dikrong River (a tributary of the Brahmaputra River basin) at Hoj near NHPC complex, Itanagar, Papum Pare district, Arunachal Pradesh, north eastern India.

## Description

Garra tamangi can be distinguished from its congeners by having roughly- a triangular proboscis trilobed with two small lobes anteriorly free and a large median lobe anteroventrally tuberculated. Di-,tri-and tetracuspid tubercles on snout.

## Etymology

The species is named after Lakpa Tamang in recognition of his assistance to the authors during the field work in Arunachal Pradesh.
# Garra salweenica

Garra salweenica is a species of ray-finned fish in the genus Garra from Yunnan, Myanmar and Thailand.
# Amund B. Larsen

Amund Bredesen Larsen (15 December 1849 – 27 April 1928) was a Norwegian linguist. He was one of the first to study Norwegian dialects and made the first dialect map of any Nordic country.

## Early and personal life

He was born in Grue as the son of bailiff Christoffer Larsen and his wife Olea Bredesen Ramsøyen, and was named after his maternal grandfather. He was an older brother of Bastian Reinhold Larsen. He grew up in Grue, but in 1866 he moved to Christiania and took his examen artium. He eventually graduated with the cand.philol. degree in 1878. In June the same year he married Henriette Caroline Sætre; the marriage lasted until her death in 1881. He then married the Danish-born Anna Cathrine Lund in May 1887.

## Career

Larsen worked as a teacher in Trondhjem from 1879 and in Arendal from 1883. He published two works about dialects in Trondhjem and Trøndelag: Oplysninger om Dialekter i Selbu og Guldalen (1882) and Oversigt over de trondhjemske dialekters slægtskabsforhold (1886). In 1894 he took the dr.philos. degree with the thesis Lydlæren i den solørske Dialekt især i dens Forhold til Oldsproget, on the dialect of his native Solør. Oversigt over de norske bygdemål, an overview of Norwegian rural dialects, followed in 1897, when Larsen had managed to visit most of Norway. He also made the first dialect map of any Nordic country, in 1887.
In 1899 he applied for a vacant professorship at the University of Kristiania, but Marius Hægstad was appointed. Larsen worked as a teacher for two more years, until getting a state research scholarship in 1901. From 1902 he was engaged with describing Norwegian city dialects, a task on which he would spend most of his remaining life. Kristiania bymaal came in 1907, then followed Bergens bymaal released with Gerhard Stoltz in two volumes in 1911 and 1912, and Stavanger bymål with Mandius Berntsen in 1925. He also wrote volume eight of Norske Gaardnavne, about farm names in Nedenes, in 1905. He was a fellow of the Norwegian Academy of Science and Letters.
He died in April 1928 in Bærum, having bought a lot at Jar two years earlier. His son of the same name followed in his footsteps as a dialect scholar, but died already in 1929.
# Amuna

Amuna is a village in Sri Lanka. It is located within Central Province.
# Dull-coloured grassquit

The dull-coloured grassquit (Asemospiza obscura) is a small bird. It is recognized as a tanager closely related to Darwin's finches.

## Distribution and habitat

It is found in northwestern Argentina, Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru and western Venezuela. It is a vagrant to Paraguay and central Brazil. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forest, subtropical or tropical moist montane forest, subtropical or tropical moist shrubland, subtropical or tropical high-altitude shrubland, and heavily degraded former forest.
# Elizabeth Scott (author)

Elizabeth Scott (born March 15, 1972) is an American author of young adult novels.

## Life

Born in a small town, Scott grew up near Hopewell in Southern Virginia. Both of her parents were teachers, which she ended up taking classes from both of them. She majored in European Studies and met her future husband in her freshman year. Along with writing novels Elizabeth Scott has also been an editor and an office manager. She has also sold hardware and pantyhose.
# I Gave You Power

"I Gave You Power" is a 1996 jazz fusion-styled song on Nas' second album It Was Written. It is considered a standout song, one of Nas' greatest hits, and a hip hop "classic". It follows "Street Dreams" gaplessly on It Was Written.

## Production

"I Gave You Power" was produced by DJ Premier. Executive producer Steve Stoute said it was a challenge getting both Premier and Nas in the studio thanks to idiosyncrasies in timetables, so when he did get them together, he left them alone for some time. Upon returning to the studio, he was so impressed with the results that he stole the cassette and put it in his car to listen to it, much to the chagrin of Nas, who promptly rung Premier, saying, "Where the fuck is my tape?" Stoute then drove back to Queensbridge to return it.

## Lyrical content

The song's lyrics are a first-person narrative from the perspective of a gun. In a 2012 interview, Nas stated that he was around a lot of guns at the time he wrote "I Gave You Power" and decided to rap about it. An aggressive beat was considered, but ultimately the song ended up accompanied by falling piano notes and stuttering drums. Rolling Stone writer Mark Coleman describes its beat as "a spooky, jazz-fusion groove."
The song features a mistake at its start: "Like I'm a f-, I'm a gun, shit. It's like I'm a motherfucking gun". Tone of the Trackmasters wanted it removed, but Nas ultimately decided to keep it because otherwise listeners would not understand that the song was from the perspective of a gun. Originally the song was going to feature a skit in which somebody drops the gun and someone else picks it up.

## Follow-ups

"I Gave You Power" is the first in a string of Nas songs in which he personifies an object or concept. His 2006 song "Blood Diamond" was compared to "I Gave You Power" because of its use of gun personification. Other examples include "Money Is My Bitch", "Last Words", "Project Roach" and "Fried Chicken".

## Impact on hip-hop culture

Shortly after It Was Written was released in 1996, Tupac Shakur compared his girlfriend to a gun on the song "Me and My Girlfriend." Although the song was released posthumously, Young Noble, a close friend of Tupac Shakur, said that "I Gave You Power" served as the main inspiration for Shakur's "Me and My Girlfriend". 50 Cent used "I Gave You Power" to address evolution in hip-hop. Eminem's song "Desperation" mentions the song. Irv Gotti made an episode on the BET show Tales (TV series) based on the song.
# Dinesh Chaudhary

Dinesh Chaudhary is an Indian para-athlete. He won gold at the 2023 World Para Athletics Grand Prix in Morocco 2019. He was diagnosed with Post-polio residual paralysis when he was two years old. He primarily competes in the Paralympics shot put event in the F42 category.

## Career

Dinesh Chaudhary started his athletics career in 2016 and secured gold for India in the men's shot put F42 event at Morocco Grand Prix in 2019. In 2018, he won silver at the National Para Athletics Meet in Panchkula. At the National Para Athletics he won a gold medal with a national record of 12.30m.
# Arthur Talmadge

Arthur Talmadge (1913 – May 25, 2006) was the American co-founder of Mercury Records. Born in Chicago, Illinois, Talmadge was a former President of United Artists Records, Executive Vice President at Mercury Records, and former President and founder of Musicor Records. He also served in the US Army during World War II. He founded Mercury Records together with Irving Green and Berle Adams in 1944. Early artists signed by the label included Erroll Garner, Dinah Washington, Tony Martin, Frankie Laine, The Platters and Vic Damone.
# Autovía A-92M

The Autovía A-92M is a local autovía in the community of Andalusia, Spain. It is 25 km (15.5 miles) long and runs from the Autovía A-92 at the village of Salinas, a few kilometres east of Archidona, to the Autovía A-45 at Puerto de Las Pedrizas, a few kilometres south of Antequera. It is frequently used by drivers travelling between Granada and Málaga (for which the M in its designation stands).
# Edward Okuń

Edward Okuń (1872–1945) was a Polish Art Nouveau painter and freemason. He painted landscapes, portraits, designed covers and illustrated magazines, including the German magazine Jugend. In his younger years he also competed as a racing cyclist in the Kingdom of Poland.

## Biography

Okuń was born in 1872 to a noble family and was orphaned early. He grew up with his grandparents on the maternal side. After inheriting a large fortune, he soon began drawing lessons with great painters. In 1891 he studied at the Warsaw School of Drawing. From 1891 to 1893 he studied under the direction of Isidore Jablonski and Jan Matejko at the Jan Matejko Academy of Fine Arts. He continued his studies in Munich and Paris. In 1897 Okuń went to study with Simon Hollósy who founded the Nagybánya artists' colony. For the next 20 years he lived in Rome and also traveled to Sorrento, Amalfi, Capri, Venice, Padua, Ravenna, Florence and Siena. He participated in the life of the Polish art colony in Rome, and was co-founder of the Masonic lodge "Polonia".
Okuń returned to Poland in 1921 and settled in Warsaw. From 1925 he was a professor in the School of Fine Arts. He was a member of the Society of Polish Artists. Together with his friends founded a Masonic lodge called "Copernicus". He was vice-president of the Society for the Encouragement of Fine Arts. During the annual opening of the Salon Incentives he witnessed the assassination of the first president of Poland, Gabriel Narutowicz, by Eligiusz Niewiadomski. He helped apprehend Niewiadomski, along with one of the president's aides.
During World War II he lived in Warsaw. After the Warsaw Uprising Okuń moved to Skierniewice, where he was killed by stray bullet in January 1945.

## Art

In his paintings there are themes of a woman with long, wavy hair in Renaissance dresses which his wife posed for. He made the front wall murals of his own house at the Old Town Square.
* Night butterflies
* Musica sacra
* „Chimera” cover
* Window view
# List of Belgian architects

Following is a list of Belgian architects in alphabetical order.

## A–M

* Alphonse Balat (1818-1895)
* Jean-Baptiste de Béthune (1821-1894)
* Hendrik Beyaert (1823-1894)
* Francis Bonaert (1914-2012)
* Albert Bontridder (1921-2015)
* Victor Bourgeois (1897-1962)
* Renaat Braem (1910-2001)
* Cluysenaar family
* Jean-Pierre Cluysenaar (1811-1880)
* Christine Conix (born 1955)
* Xaveer De Geyter (born 1957)
* Louis Delacenserie (1838-1909)
* Luc Deleu (born 1944)
* Laurent-Benoît Dewez (1731-1812)
* Wim Goes
* Paul Hankar (1859-1901)
* Victor Horta (1861-1947)
* Jan Keldermans
* Lucien Kroll (1927-2022)
* François Massau

## N–Z

* Paul Neefs (1933-2009)
* Johan Neerman (born 1959)
* Philippe Neerman (1930-2011)
* Charles Nissens (1858-1919)
* Joseph Poelaert (1817-1879)
* Dita Roque-Gourary (1915-2010)
* Paul Saintenoy (1862-1952)
* Christian Satin (born 1946)
* Gustave Strauven (1878-1919)
* Claude Strebelle (1917-2010)
* Ferdinand Truyman (1857-1939)
* Alphonse Vanden Eynde (1884-1951)
* Henry Van de Velde (1863-1957)
* Henri van Dievoet (1869-1931)
* Frans Van Dijk (1853-1939)
* Bob Van Reeth (born 1943)
* Charles van Rysselberghe (1850-1920)
* Octave van Rysselberghe (1855-1929)
* Antoine Varlet (1893-1940)
* Jean-Jacques Winders (1849-1936)
# Ay-Tamga

Ay-Tamga is a village in Osh Region of Kyrgyzstan. It is part of the Nookat District. Its population was 2,648 in 2021.
# Eight of Coins

Eight of Coins is a card used in Latin-suited playing cards which include tarot decks. It is part of what tarot card readers call the "Minor Arcana"
Tarot cards are used throughout much of Europe to play tarot card games. In English-speaking countries, where the games are largely unknown, tarot cards came to be utilized primarily for divinatory purposes.

## Divination usage

An artist in stone at his work, which he exhibits in the form of trophies. Divinatory Meanings: Work, employment, commission, craftsmanship, skill in craft and business, perhaps in the preparatory stage. Steady patience with achievement kept in mind. Reversed: Voided ambition, vanity, cupidity, exaction, usury. It may also signify the possession of skill, in the sense of the ingenious mind turned to cunning and intrigue.
# Azazet Habtezghi Kidane

Azezet Habtezghi Kidane is an Eritrean-born British nun and human trafficking activist working in Israel.

## Career

Azezet Habtezghi Kidane, also known as Sister Aziza, was born in Eritrea and is now a British citizen. She worked as a nurse in Sudan and Ethiopia for 20 years and is a member of the Comboni Missionary Sisters.
From 2010 Kidane began working as a nurse at an open clinic in Tel Aviv run by the Physicians for Human Rights-Israel. The clinic provided free healthcare to African refugees who had made the journey to Israel via the Sinai Peninsula. Kidane noticed that many of the refugees had suffered from enslavement, human trafficking and torture on their journeys and began recording this in a database. In all she took testimonies from more than 1,500 refugees using a questionnaire of her own design. The reports she compiled were passed to the Israeli police, US Department of State, the European Union and the United Nations.
Kidane discovered that a network of torture camps existed in the Sinai that were used by people smugglers to extort money from the refugees. Around half of the refugees she interviewed had experienced these camps. The smugglers would force the refugees to call their families in Israel or Africa and torture them whilst they were listening in order to demand ransoms of up to $50,000.
A fence built by the Israeli government in 2013 almost completely halted the flow of African migrants. Kidane now works to provide counselling to those already in Israel. Kidane co-founded Kuchinate, African Refugee Women's collective together with Dr Diddy Mymin Kahn. This collective provides economic, psychological and social empowerment. The collective makes and sells beautiful crocheted homewares and also take part in art collaborations to raise awareness about the plight of asylum seekers. Kidane is well known in the African community in Israel. She was awarded a Trafficking in People Report Hero Acting to End Modern Slavery award by the US Department of State in 2012, which was presented by Secretary of State Hillary Clinton.
# Edmund Armstrong

Edmund Armstrong may refer to:
* Sir Edmund Armstrong, 2nd Baronet (1836–1899)
* Edmund John Armstrong (1841–1865), Irish poet
* Edmund la Touche Armstrong (1864–1946), Australian historian and librarian
# I Don't Wanna Die

I Don't Wanna Die may refer to:
* "I Don't Wanna Die", a song by the Unicorns from their album Who Will Cut Our Hair When We're Gone?
* "I Don't Wanna Die", a song by Hollywood Undead from their album American Tragedy
* "I Don't Wanna Die", a song by G Herbo from his album 25
* "I Don't Wanna Die...", a song by Kim Petras from her album Turn Off the Light, Vol. 1