OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Haripur Nuclear Power Plant

Haripur Nuclear Power Plant (or Haripur NPP) is a proposed nuclear power station by Nuclear Power Corporation of India (NPCIL), that is intended to be constructed at Haripur village in Purba Midnapore district, West Bengal.

## History

Against the backdrop of the Indo-US Civilian Nuclear Deal, the Nuclear Power Corporation of India (NPCIL) proposed the establishment of a nuclear power plant in Haripur, West Bengal. The then state government, under Chief Minister Buddhadev Bhattacharya, granted initial approval for project planning and land acquisition. However, the proposal faced strong opposition from opposition parties, as well as from environmentalists, farmers, and activists.
The project was revived in 2009 during a visit by then-Prime Minister Manmohan Singh to Russia. India signed a civil nuclear agreement with Russia, under which Russia committed to supplying 20 nuclear reactors to India, including six VVER-1000 type reactors to be installed in Kundankulam and another six in Haripur, West Bengal. Nevertheless, this move was met with significant resistance from various political parties, activists, and NGOs, who argued that constructing a nuclear power plant in West Bengal's prime agricultural and fishery areas would severely impact the local economy, endangering livelihoods and posing radiation hazards. Consequently, due to intense opposition and a change in government in 2011, the Trinamool Congress-led state government of West Bengal shelved the project.
However, the project resurfaced in 2018 when the Department of Atomic Energy (DAE) granted preliminary approval and financial sanction for the construction of six 1000 MW capacity nuclear reactors in Haripur. As of now, there has been no official confirmation from either the Central Government or the State Government regarding the current status of the project.
# Grace Hopper (submarine communications cable)

Grace Hopper is a private transatlantic communications cable that connects the United States of America (New York) with the UK (Bude) and Spain (Bilbao). It was announced by Google in 2020 and scheduled to go live in 2022. The US to UK (Bude) leg went live on 27 September 2022.

## History

In July 2020, Google announced that it would be investing in a new private subsea cable — Grace Hopper — its fourth private subsea cable after Curie (which was completed in 2019), Dunant, and Equiano. The Grace Hopper cable, which links America with the UK and Spain was named after the American pioneering computer scientist Grace Brewster Murray Hopper, who was known for developing an early compiler that was important in the development of COBOL. Google said it was: "thrilled to honor Grace Hopper’s legacy of innovation by investing in the future of transatlantic communications with a state-of-the-art fiber optic cable".
Google stated that the cable would provide better resilience for its network and marked its first investment in a private subsea cable route to the UK, and its first route to Spain. The cable, which went live in 2022, integrated the new Google Cloud region in Madrid more tightly into Google's global infrastructure. Google's Jayne Stowell also has stated that another motivation for the investment is that many of the existing transatlantic cables are aging and need to be upgraded. “We need to be able to proactively manage the capacity availability, quality, latency, routing, technology and scalability of our network to provide constant, uninterruptible and high quality of network to Google services like Meet, Gmail and Google Cloud,” she said. Telecoms industry analysts have said that the main purpose of Google's subsea cable investments in cables such as Grace Hopper are twofold: to support and control quality of service and to reduce costs.

## Specifications

The Grace Hopper cable consists of 16 fiber pairs (32 fibers) of 22 Tbit/s each (352 Tbit/s total) and optical switching that increases its reliability and also enable Google to more easily move traffic around during outages. This technology was developed in co-operation with SubCom, formerly a TE Connectivity company, who built the cable and which also worked with Google on the Dunant and Curie cables.
The cable route comprises a 6,250 km stretch from New York to Widemouth Bay, Cornwall and a 6,300 km route between New York and Bilbao.
Owing to works managed by Telxius, the cable landed in Sopelana (near Bilbao) on 10 September 2021. It later landed near GCHQ Bude on 14 September 2021, with the location chosen as it was "an ideal, nicely protected beach and adjacent to a lot of the terrestrial infrastructure needed".
# Fredholm solvability

In mathematics, Fredholm solvability encompasses results and techniques for solving differential and integral equations via the Fredholm alternative and, more generally, the Fredholm-type properties of the operator involved. The concept is named after Erik Ivar Fredholm.
Let A be a real n × n-matrix and $b\in \mathbb {R} ^{n}$ a vector.
The Fredholm alternative in $\mathbb {R} ^{n}$ states that the equation $Ax=b$ has a solution if and only if $b^{T}v=0$ for every vector $v\in \mathbb {R} ^{n}$ satisfying $A^{T}v=0$. This alternative has many applications, for example, in bifurcation theory. It can be generalized to abstract spaces. So, let $E$ and $F$ be Banach spaces and let $T:E\rightarrow F$ be a continuous linear operator. Let $E^{*}$, respectively $F^{*}$, denote the topological dual of $E$, respectively $F$, and let $T^{*}$ denote the adjoint of $T$ (cf. also Duality; Adjoint operator). Define
    $(\ker T^{*})^{\perp }=\{y\in F:(y,y^{*})=0{\text{ for every }}y^{*}\in \ker T^{*}\}$
An equation $Tx=y$ is said to be normally solvable (in the sense of F. Hausdorff) if it has a solution whenever $y\in (\ker T^{*})^{\perp }$. A classical result states that $Tx=y$ is normally solvable if and only if $T(E)$ is closed in $F$.
In non-linear analysis, this latter result is used as definition of normal solvability for non-linear operators.
# Harry Lowell

Harry Jason Lowell (born December 12, 1971) is an American television and feature film producer. He is best known for producing television episodes of "Alaskan Steel Men", Modern Marvels and the feature film Locked In starring Ben Barnes, Eliza Dushku and Sarah Roemer.

## Bio

Harry Lowell was born in Chicago, Illinois and began his television career as a broadcast producer with advertising agencies including Crispin Porter + Bogusky, Interpublic Group of Companies and The Garage.
Lowell is a member of the Academy of Television Arts & Sciences and has won numerous awards for his work including a Clio Award, Chicago International Film Festival Award and a London Advertising Award.
# 110-vertex Iofinova–Ivanov graph

The 110-vertex Iofinova–Ivanov graph is, in graph theory, a semi-symmetric cubic graph with 110 vertices and 165 edges.

## Properties

Iofinova and Ivanov proved in 1985 the existence of five and only five semi-symmetric cubic bipartite graphs whose automorphism groups act primitively on each partition. The smallest has 110 vertices. The others have 126, 182, 506 and 990. The 126-vertex Iofinova–Ivanov graph is also known as the Tutte 12-cage.
The diameter of the 110-vertex Iofinova–Ivanov graph, the greatest distance between any pair of vertices, is 7. Its radius is likewise 7. Its girth is 10.
It is 3-connected and 3-edge-connected: to make it disconnected at least three edges, or at least three vertices, must be removed.

### Coloring

The chromatic number of the 110-vertex Iofina-Ivanov graph is 2: its vertices can be 2-colored so that no two vertices of the same color are joined by an edge. Its chromatic index is 3: its edges can be 3-colored so that no two edges of the same color met at a vertex.

### Algebraic properties

The characteristic polynomial of the 110-vertex Iofina-Ivanov graph is $(x-3)x^{20}(x+3)(x^{4}-8x^{2}+11)^{12}(x^{4}-6x^{2}+6)^{10}$. The symmetry group of the 110-vertex Iofina-Ivanov is the projective linear group PGL$_2$(11), with 1320 elements.

## Semi-symmetry

Few graphs show semi-symmetry: most edge-transitive graphs are also vertex-transitive. The smallest semi-symmetric graph is the Folkman graph, with 20 vertices, which is 4-regular. The three smallest cubic semi-symmetric graphs are the Gray graph, with 54 vertices, this the smallest of the Iofina-Ivanov graphs with 110, and the Ljubljana graph with 112. It is only for the five Iofina-Ivanov graphs that the symmetry group acts primitively on each partition of the vertices.
# Morozov

Morozov may refer to:
* Morozov (crater), a lunar crater
* Morozov (surname), people with the surname Morozov
# Martin Valvekens

Martin Valvekens (1604 – 2 May 1682) was a Franciscan friar and historian.
Valvekens was professed as a Franciscan friar in 1628, celebrating his jubilee of fifty years on 12 June 1678.
On the basis of papers left by Jean Verdonck at his death in 1672, Valvekens edited a history of the foundation of the Franciscan house in Diest, Ortus, progressus et modernus status conventus Fratrum Minorum Diestensis. This manuscript survived the suppression of the house, and was a source for F. J. E. Raymaekers's ecclesiastical history of the town, Het kerkelijk en liefdadig Diest (1870).
Valvekens died at the age of 78, having been a Franciscan for 53 years.
# Hardwick House

Hardwick House may refer to the following buildings:
* Hardwick House (Quincy, Massachusetts), United States
* Hardwick House, Oxfordshire, England
* Hardwick House, Suffolk, England
* Hardwick House, a Grade II* listed building in Shrewsbury, Shropshire, England
* Hardwick House, a building near Swineshead, Lincolnshire, England
# Jasmin Pllana

Jasmin Pllana (born 6 January 1989) is an Austrian professional association football player currently playing for SKU Amstetten. He plays as a defender.
# Mostépha Ben Boulaid Airport

Mostépha Ben Boulaid Airport (IATA: BLJ, ICAO: DABT), also known as Batna International Airport or Batna Airport, is an airport serving Batna, Algeria. The airport is situated 26 kilometres (16 mi) north of the city within the municipality of Lazrou.

## Airlines and destinations

| Airlines | Destinations |
| Air Algérie | Algiers, Lyon, Marseille, Paris–Orly Seasonal: Paris–Charles de Gaulle |
| Transavia France | Paris Orly |
# Grafton Historic District

Grafton Historic District may refer to:
* Grafton Historic District (Grafton, Illinois), listed on the National Register of Historic Places in Jersey County, Illinois
* Grafton Historic District (Rockville, Utah), listed on the National Register of Historic Places in Washington County, Utah
# Frederick N. Trowbridge

Frederick Newell Trowbridge Sr. (February 18, 1900 – March 14, 1987) was a lawyer and an executive for the Green Bay Packers from 1950 to 1987.

## Early life

Trowbridge served in the U.S. Army and was a veteran of World War I. Trowbridge graduated from the University of Wisconsin Law School in 1925.

## Green Bay Packers

The Packers first consulted Trowbridge - an expert in industrial and labor law - as legal counsel when the team was going into receivership in 1933 and continued as the team faced many periods of refinancing. He would serve as the team's official legal consultant for nearly 50 years. Trowbridge joined the Packers' Executive Committee and Board of Directors in 1950 and remained for 31 years. In 1959, he became the franchise's Treasurer.
In January, 1958, Trowbridge called Packer head coach Lisle Blackbourn while Blackbourn was scouting the Senior Bowl in Alabama to ask the coach to resign. Blackbourn refused to resign and insisted that the Packers publicly fire him instead - which the team did while Blackburn was still in Alabama.
In 1960, Pittsburgh Steelers owner Art Rooney submitted Trowbridge's name for consideration when the NFL was selecting a commissioner after the death of Bert Bell.
It was in Trowbridge's law office in the Bellin Building in Green Bay where Vince Lombardi requested his release from the team in 1969 to become the head coach of the Washington Redskins. After the 45-minute meeting, Lombardi held an impromptu press conference in the hallway outside of Trowbridge's office.
In 1984, Trowbridge was elected to the Green Bay Packers Hall of Fame.
After stepping down from the Executive Committee and as Treasurer in 1981, he remained on the Packers' Board of Directors until his death in 1987.
# Novalena

Novalena is a genus of North American and Caribbean funnel weavers first described by R. V. Chamberlin & Wilton Ivie in 1942.

## Species

As of April 2019 it contains fifty-three species:
* N. ajusco Maya-Morales & Jiménez, 2017 – Mexico
* N. alamo Maya-Morales & Jiménez, 2017 – Mexico
* N. alvarezi Maya-Morales & Jiménez, 2017 – Mexico
* N. annamae (Gertsch & Davis, 1940) – Mexico
* N. approximata (Gertsch & Ivie, 1936) – Mexico, Costa Rica
* N. attenuata (F. O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1902) – Mexico, Guatemala
* N. atzimbo Maya-Morales & Jiménez, 2017 – Mexico
* N. bipartita (Kraus, 1955) – El Salvador
* N. bipunctata Roth, 1967 – Mexico, Trinidad
* N. bosencheve Maya-Morales & Jiménez, 2017 – Mexico
* N. calavera Chamberlin & Ivie, 1942 – USA
* N. chamberlini Maya-Morales & Jiménez, 2017 – Mexico
* N. cieneguilla Maya-Morales & Jiménez, 2017 – Mexico
* N. cintalapa Maya-Morales & Jiménez, 2017 – Mexico
* N. clara Maya-Morales & Jiménez, 2017 – Mexico
* N. comaltepec Maya-Morales & Jiménez, 2017 – Mexico
* N. costata (F. O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1902) – Costa Rica
* N. creel Maya-Morales & Jiménez, 2017 – Mexico
* N. dentata Maya-Morales & Jiménez, 2017 – Mexico
* N. divisadero Maya-Morales & Jiménez, 2017 – Mexico
* N. durango Maya-Morales & Jiménez, 2017 – Mexico
* N. franckei Maya-Morales & Jiménez, 2017 – Mexico
* N. garnica Maya-Morales & Jiménez, 2017 – Mexico
* N. gibarrai Maya-Morales & Jiménez, 2017 – Mexico
* N. intermedia (Chamberlin & Gertsch, 1930) – Canada, USA
* N. irazu Maya-Morales & Jiménez, 2017 – Costa Rica
* N. iviei Maya-Morales & Jiménez, 2017 – Mexico
* N. ixtlan Maya-Morales & Jiménez, 2017 – Mexico
* N. jiquilpan Maya-Morales & Jiménez, 2017 – Mexico
* N. laticava (Kraus, 1955) – El Salvador
* N. leonensis Maya-Morales & Jiménez, 2017 – Mexico
* N. lutzi (Gertsch, 1933) – USA
* N. mexiquensis Maya-Morales & Jiménez, 2017 – Mexico
* N. oaxaca Maya-Morales & Jiménez, 2017 – Mexico
* N. orizaba (Banks, 1898) – Mexico
* N. paricutin Maya-Morales & Jiménez, 2017 – Mexico
* N. perote Maya-Morales & Jiménez, 2017 – Mexico
* N. plata Maya-Morales & Jiménez, 2017 – USA
* N. poncei Maya-Morales & Jiménez, 2017 – Mexico
* N. popoca Maya-Morales & Jiménez, 2017 – Mexico
* N. prieta Maya-Morales & Jiménez, 2017 – Mexico
* N. puebla Maya-Morales & Jiménez, 2017 – Mexico
* N. punta Maya-Morales & Jiménez, 2017 – Mexico
* N. rothi Maya-Morales & Jiménez, 2017 – USA
* N. saltoensis Maya-Morales & Jiménez, 2017 – Mexico
* N. shlomitae (García-Villafuerte, 2009) – Mexico
* N. simplex (F. O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1902) – Mexico, Guatemala
* N. sinaloa Maya-Morales & Jiménez, 2017 – Mexico
* N. tacana Maya-Morales & Jiménez, 2017 – Mexico, Guatemala
* N. triunfo Maya-Morales & Jiménez, 2017 – Mexico
* N. valdezi Maya-Morales & Jiménez, 2017 – Mexico
* N. victoria Maya-Morales & Jiménez, 2017 – Mexico
* N. volcanes Maya-Morales & Jiménez, 2017 – Mexico
# Hardwick (surname)

Hardwick is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Alan Hardwick, English television presenter
* Anna Elisabeth Hartwick, Swedish lace industrialist
* Ben Hardwick, liver transplant patient
* Bess of Hardwick, English noble
* Billy Hardwick, ten-pin bowler
* Charlie Hardwick, English actress
* Chris Hardwick (born 1971), American actor and comedian
* Chris Hardwick (speed cuber)
* Christopher George Hardwick, English clergyman
* Chuck Hardwick, state legislator in New Jersey
* Damien Hardwick, Australian rules footballer
* Elizabeth Hardwick (writer), American literary critic and writer
* George Hardwick, English soccer player
* Hank Hardwick, American football coach
* Harold Hardwick, Australian sportsman
* Huntington Hardwick, American football player
* John Hardwick, film director
* Johnny Hardwick (1963–2023), American voice actor and comedian
* Lorna Hardwick, classicist
* Matt Hardwick, British trance music disc jockey
* Michael Hardwick (writer), English author
* Michael Hardwick, challenged sodomy laws in the U.S. state of Georgia
* Michelle Hardwick, English actress
* Mollie Hardwick, English author
* Neil Hardwick, British-born Finnish theatre and TV director and writer
* Nick Hardwick (American football)
* Omari Hardwick, American actor
* Otto Hardwick, saxophonist
* Paul Hardwick, English actor
* Peter Hardwick, Australian food horticulturist and environmentalist
* Philip Hardwick, English architect
* Philip Charles Hardwick, English architect
* Rob Hardwick, English rugby player
* Robert Hardwick, English-Canadian Anglican bishop
* Steve Hardwick, soccer player
* Taylor Hardwick, American architect
* Thomas Hardwick, Sr. (1725–1798), English master mason and architect
* Thomas Hardwick (1752–1829), English architect
* Thomas W. Hardwick (1872–1944), American politician
* Walter Hardwick, Canadian academic
* William Hardwick, Australian architect
* William G. Hardwick, American politician
# Goulburn (disambiguation)

Goulburn is a city in New South Wales, Australia.
Goulburn may refer also refer to:

## Australia

* Goulburn Airport, New South Wales
* Goulburn Islands, in Northern Territory
* Goulburn River, Victoria
* Goulburn River (New South Wales)
* Goulburn Street, Sydney
* Goulburn Street, Hobart, Tasmania
* Goulburn Valley, Victoria
* Electoral district of Goulburn, New South Wales
* Electoral district of Goulburn (Victoria)
* Parish of Goulburn, New South Wales
* Shire of Goulburn, Victoria
* Goulburn railway station

## Other uses

* Goulburn (Mars)
* Goulburn (surname)
* HMAS Goulburn, a 1940 Bathurst-class corvette
# Listed buildings in Aston Botterell

Aston Botterell is a civil parish in Shropshire, England. It contains three listed buildings that are recorded in the National Heritage List for England. Of these, two are listed at Grade II*, the middle of the three grades, and the other is at Grade II, the lowest grade. The parish contains the small village of Aston Botterell and is otherwise completely rural. The listed buildings consist of a church and two houses.

## Key

Download coordinates as:
* KML
* GPX (all coordinates)
* GPX (primary coordinates)
* GPX (secondary coordinates)
| Grade | Criteria |
| II* | Particularly important buildings of more than special interest |
| II | Buildings of national importance and special interest |

## Buildings

| Name and location | Photograph | Date | Notes | Grade |
| St Michael's Church 52°27′14″N 2°32′32″W﻿ / ﻿52.45375°N 2.54220°W﻿ / 52.45375; -2.54220﻿ (St Michael's Church) | | 12th century | The aisle dates from the 13th century, the porch was dated 1639, and the tower was rebuilt in 1883–84. The church consists of a nave and chancel in one cell, a south aisle, a south porch and a west tower. The tower has three stages and an embattled parapet. In the chancel is a Norman window, and a priest's door dating from the 13th century. | II* |
| Manor House 52°27′15″N 2°32′34″W﻿ / ﻿52.45408°N 2.54273°W﻿ / 52.45408; -2.54273﻿ (Manor House) | — | 13th century | The house was refashioned in 1576 and later. It is built partly in stone and partly in brick and has tiled roofs. The windows date from the 18th century and later. Inside there is good plasterwork. | II* |
| The Bold 52°27′37″N 2°31′44″W﻿ / ﻿52.46032°N 2.52902°W﻿ / 52.46032; -2.52902﻿ (The Bold) | — | Early 14th century | A farmhouse that incorporates an early two-bay hall. The house has since been refashioned and extended up to the 19th century. It is partly timber framed, partly in stone, and partly in brick, and has tiled roofs. There are two storeys, and the windows are a mix of sashes and casements. | II |
# Genomic selection

Genomic Selection (GS) predicts the breeding values of an offspring in a population by associating their traits (e.g. resistance to pests) with their high-density genetic marker scores. GS is a method proposed to address deficiencies of marker-assisted selection (MAS) in breeding programs. However, GS is a form of MAS that differs from it by estimating, at the same time, all genetic markers, haplotypes or marker effects along the entire genome to calculate the values of genomic estimated breeding values (GEBV). The potentiality of GS is to explain the genetic diversity of a breeding program through a high coverage of genome-wide markers and to assess the effects of those markers to predict breeding values.

## MAS limitations

In contrast to MAS and its focus on a few significant markers, GS examines together all markers in a population. Since the initial proposal of GS for application in breeding populations, it has been emerging as a solution to the deficiencies of MAS.
The MAS has presented two main limitations in breeding applications. First, the bi-parental mapping populations are used for most QTL analyses, limiting their accuracy. This represents a problem because a single bi-parental population cannot represent allelic diversity and genetic background effects in a breeding population.
Furthermore, polygenic traits (or complex traits) controlled by several small-effects markers have been an incredible hassle for MAS. The statistical methods applied for identifying target markers and implementing MAS for improvement of polygenic traits have been unsuccessful.
# Fauconberg Arms Inn

The Fauconberg Arms is a 17th-century Coaching inn in Coxwold, North Yorkshire, England. The village and estate were given to the Fauconberg family by Henry VIII. The property is still owned by the Newburgh Priory Estate and is named after the Earl of Fauconberg. It serves beer and a selection of food and is close to Shandy Hall and the Kilburn White Horse.
The Fauconberg Arms re-opened in November 2006 after being closed for almost two years. The new proprietors - Simon and Helen Rheinberg and their daughter and her husband, Harriet and Jonathan Chadwick, have refurbished the pub's bar, cellar, dining room and kitchens. The renovated en-suite B&B bedrooms reopened in spring 2007.
The inn was highly commended in Yorkshire Pub of the Year 2013, and received a good review from The Yorkshire Post (Pub of the Week) in April 2013, but a November 2014 review thought little of the cuisine.

## Performing arts

The Fauconberg Arms has hosted a number of performances of plays and other performing arts.
Alexander Wright's Beuleh was performed in September 2012.
The Little Festival of Everything, a free performance weekend, was hosted in May 2014.
In July 2014 two one act plays by Alan Stockdale, Godfrey’s Last Stand and Give A Little Love were performed for Macmillan Cancer Support.
# Fredholm

Fredholm is a Swedish surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Erik Ivar Fredholm (1866–1927), Swedish mathematician
** Fredholm alternative, in mathematics
** Fredholm determinant, in mathematics
** Fredholm integral equation, in mathematics
** Fredholm kernel, in mathematics
** Fredholm module, In noncommutative geometry
** Fredholm number, in number theory, apparently not in fact studied by Fredholm
** Fredholm operator, in mathematics
** Fredholm's theorem, in mathematics
** Analytic Fredholm theorem, in mathematics
** Fredholm theory, in mathematics
** Fredholm (crater), a small lunar impact crater
** 21659 Fredholm (1999 PR3), main-belt asteroid discovered in 1999 by P. G. Comba
* Ludwig Fredholm [de] (1830–1891), Swedish industrialist
* Gert Fredholm (born 1941), Danish film director and screenwriter
* Patrik Fredholm (born 1978), Swedish footballer