OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Empty element

An empty element may be:
* An empty HTML element, one with tag(s) but no content (HTML element § Empty element)
* An empty XML element, one with tag(s) but no content (XML § Key terminology)
* An empty SGML element, one with tag(s) but no content (Standard Generalized Markup Language § EMPTY).
# Gloeophyllum

Gloeophyllum is a genus of fungus in the class Agaricomycetes. It is characterized by the production of leathery to corky tough, brown, shaggy-topped, revivable fruitbodies lacking a stipe and with a lamellate to daedaleoid or poroid fertile hymenial surfaces. The hyphal system is dimitic to trimitic. The genus is further characterized by the production of a brown rot of wood. Phylogenetically, it along with several other brown rot Basidiomycota, Neolentinus, Heliocybe, and Veluticeps form an order called the Gloeophyllales.
The most frequently encountered species in the Northern Hemisphere is Gloeophyllum sepiarium, which is commonly found in a dried state on both bark-covered and decorticated conifer stumps and logs, timbers on wharfs, planks on unpainted wooden buildings, wood bridges, and even creosoted railroad ties.

## Pharmacology

An extract of Gleophyllum odoratum exhibits high inhibitory activity on thrombin and trypsin as well as cysteine protease.
# Forfar House

Forfar House was a 14-storey Housing and Development Board (HDB) block in Queenstown, Singapore. At the time of the building's opening, it was the sixth tallest building in Singapore and the tallest public residential building in Singapore.

## Description

Forfar House was 14-storeys tall and rose 130 ft above ground level. The building was built in a unique "zig-zag" shape, which provided wind pressure resistance. The building was constructed with a reinforced concrete frame where the building's foundation of strip footings ran across the building and was held by longitudinal beams. Each of the building's units had a modern sanitary system and built-in rubbish chutes. The building had 106 apartments, four stores and two lifts. Water supplied to the building was pumped to tanks on the roof and were supplied to each of the building's flats through gravitational force.

## History

Forfar House was officially opened on 24 October 1956 by then-Minister for Local Government, Lands and Housing Abdul Hamid Jumat. At the time of the building's opening, it was the sixth tallest building in Singapore and the tallest public residential building in Singapore.
The selection of the building for the Selective En bloc Redevelopment Scheme was announced on 30 April 1996. Residents of the building were offered new flats in Blocks 181 to 184 on Stirling Road. The building was demolished and later replaced by the Forfar Heights cluster.
# First Republic

First Republic may refer to:

## Businesses

* First Republic Bank, of San Francisco, California, U.S.
* First Republic Bank Corporation, of Dallas, Texas, U.S.

## Governments
### Africa

* First Egyptian Republic (1953–1958)
* First Republic of Madagascar (1958–1972)
* First Republic of Ghana (1960–1966)
* First Republic in the Constitution of Niger (1960–1989)
* First Nigerian Republic (1963–1966)
* First Republic of Uganda (1963–1971)
* First Republic of Sierra Leone (1971–1992)

### Americas

* First Vermont Republic (1777–1791)
* First Republic of Venezuela (1811–1812)
* First Mexican Republic (1824–1835)
* First Dominican Republic (1844–1861)
* First Costa Rican Republic (1848–1948)
* First Brazilian Republic (1889–1930)
* First Republic of New Granada, Colombia (1810–1816)

### Asia

* First Philippine Republic (1899–1901)
* First Republic of China (1912–1928)
* First Republic of Armenia (1918–1920)
* First Republic of Azerbaijan (1918–1920)
* First Republic of Georgia, also known as the "Democratic Republic of Georgia" (1918–1921)
* First Syrian Republic (1930–1950)
* First East Turkestan Republic (1933–1934)
* First Republic of Korea (1948–1960)
* First Republic of the Maldives (1952–1954)
* First Republic of Vietnam (1955–1963)
* First Cambodian Republic (1970–1975)
* First Republic of Afghanistan, also known as the "Republic of Afghanistan" (1973–1978)

### Europe

* First Roman Republic, established c. 508 BC
* First Polish Republic, an informal term for the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth (1569–1795)
* French First Republic (1792–1804)
* First Hellenic Republic, sometimes used for Greece during the War of Independence (1822–1832)
* First Spanish Republic (1873–1874)
* First Portuguese Republic (1910–1926)
* First Hungarian Republic (1918–1920)
* First Czechoslovak Republic (1918–1938)
* First Austrian Republic (1919–1934)
* First Slovak Republic (1939–1945)
* First Italian Republic (1948–1994)
* First Republic of Kosovo (1991–1999)

## Other uses

* 1st Republic (TV series), a South Korean television show
* First Republic Square, Tbilisi, Georgia
* The First Republic, a Czech television show
# Gallium selenide

Gallium selenide may refer to:
* Gallium(II) selenide
* Gallium(III) selenide
# Janata Mahavidyalaya

Janata Mahavidyalaya, is a major and general degree college situated in Tinsukia, Assam. This college is affiliated with the Dibrugarh University.

## Departments
### Arts

* Assamese
* English
* History
* Education
* Economics
* Philosophy
* Political Science
* Sociology
# Glume (disambiguation)

A glume is part of the flower of grasses and sedges.
Glume may also refer to:
* Johann Georg Glume [de] (1679–176?), German artist
* Friedrich Christian Glume (1714–1752), German artist
# Bill Reichenbach

Bill Reichenbach may refer to:
* William Frank Reichenbach Sr. (1923–2008), drummer for Charlie Byrd
* Bill Reichenbach Jr. (born 1949), his son, trombonist
# Graecophalangium

Graecophalangium is a genus of harvestmen in the family Phalangiidae.

## Species

* Graecophalangium atticum Roewer, 1923
* Graecophalangium cretaeum Martens, 1966
* Graecophalangium drenskii P. Mitvov, 1995
* Graecophalangium militare (C.L.Koch, 1839)
* Graecophalangium punicum Starega, 1973
* Graecophalangium anatolicum (Dr. Kemal Kurt, 2022)
# Empty delta sign

The empty delta sign is a radiologic sign seen on brain imaging which is associated with cerebral venous sinus thrombosis. It is usually seen on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) or computed tomography (CT) scans with contrast. It is seen as dural wall enhancement in the absence of intra-sinus enhancement (there is no enhancement in the lumen of the dural sinus). This is due to the presence of a blood clot in the dural venous sinuses. The dural venous sinuses drain blood from the brain to the internal jugular veins, which in turn drains blood to the heart. It has been proposed that the empty delta sign occurs in dural venous thromboses due to contrast material filling the dural venous collateral circulation immediately surrounding the dura whilst being unable to fill the intra-dural sinus space due to the presence of a blood clot. The superior sagittal sinus is most commonly affected, but the radiologic sign may also be seen in the transverse sinuses.
# Falla, Östergötland

Falla is a locality situated in Finspång Municipality, Östergötland County, Sweden with 467 inhabitants in 2010.
# C.U. Idanhense

Clube União Idanhense is a Portuguese sports club from Idanha-a-Nova.
The men's football team plays in the Portuguese District Championships, the fifth tier of Portuguese football. The team was promoted to the fourth-tier Campeonato de Portugal league after winning the 2020–21 I Divisão AF Castelo Branco, but was relegated after just one season. The team enjoyed spells on the old fourth tier, the Terceira Divisão, in 1999–2000 and 2003 to 2007.
# First Republic Bank Corporation

First Republic Bank Corporation was an American bank based in Texas. Founded as the Guaranty Bank and Trust Company in 1920, in 1922 it assumed the name Republic National Bank of Dallas. Afterwards the bank acquired several banks and invested in others, and changed its name several times. By 1948 Republic had grown to become the largest bank in Texas. The bank failed in 1988, during the savings and loan crisis. It was acquired by NCNB Corporation in 1988. As a result of a series of mergers over the next two decades, most of what was once First Republic is now part of Bank of America.

## History

The company first opened as the Guaranty Bank and Trust Company in 1920, founded by a University of Texas law school alumnus named Eugene DeBogory. In 1922 when Guaranty obtained a national charter it assumed the name Republic National Bank of Dallas.
When the company began servicing farm and ranch loans, it was required to establish a Texas subsidiary, Republic Trust and Savings Bank, to comply with regulations governing national banks at the time. In 1928 the regulations changed, allowing the state-chartered Republic Trust and Savings Bank to be merged back into the parent company, forming the Republic National Bank and Trust Company.
During the next decade Republic acquired North Texas National Bank, and invested in several other Texas banks during the banking crisis of 1933. In 1938 the name changed again back to Republic National Bank of Dallas. By 1948 Republic had grown to become the largest bank in Texas. In the 1970s, toward the tail end of a lengthy period of expansion and acquisition, Republic acquired the Houston National Bank and held a substantial portfolio of loans to the real estate industry in Texas.
In the late 1980s Savings and Loan crisis, Texas in general and Republic's loan portfolio in particular were hit hard by real estate devaluation. In efforts to remain solvent, RepublicBank Corporation in 1987 merged with InterFirst Bank Corporation, also based in Dallas, creating First RepublicBank Corporation. However, First Republic was unable to weather the downturn. In March, the FDIC pumped $1 billion into First Republic and sought a buyer for the ailing bank. While Citicorp and Wells Fargo put in bids, the FDIC ultimately accepted a less costly bid from a far smaller bank from Charlotte, North Carolina, NCNB Corporation. First Republic failed on July 29, 1988; later that day, the FDIC awarded the remains of First Republic to NCNB. The deal doubled NCNB's assets and vaulted it from the 17th-largest bank in the country to the 10th-largest in one stroke.
# Gallium perrhenate

Gallium perrhenate is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula of Ga(ReO$_4$)$_3$. It exists in the anhydrous and hydrate forms.

## Preparation

Gallium can be anodically dissolved in perrhenic acid at 50-55 °C, and dried with sulfuric acid to obtain the hydrate crystal [Ga(H$_2$O)$_6$(ReO$_4$)$_3$]·2H$_2$O. The anhydrous form can be obtained by reacting gallium(III) oxide and rhenium(VII) oxide at 450 °C.

## Chemical properties

Gallium perrhenate decomposes above 300 °C to form rhenium(VII) oxide and gallium(III) oxide:
    2 Ga(ReO$_4$)$_3$ → 3 Re$_2$O$_7$ + Ga$_2$O$_3$
# Jane Burton

Jane Burton (born 1966) is an Australian photographer who lives and works in Melbourne.

## Exhibitions

* The Eye of the Beholder, Glen Eira City Gallery, Melbourne, Australia, 2009. A retrospective.
* I Did It For You, Centre for Contemporary Photography, Melbourne, Australia, 2005.

## Collections

Burton's work is held in the following public collections: National Gallery of Victoria, Melbourne; Tasmanian Museum and Art Gallery, Hobart; Newcastle Art Gallery, Newcastle; Monash University, Melbourne and Monash Gallery of Art, Wheelers Hill.
# Glumaceae

Glumaceae is a descriptive botanical name. It was used in the Bentham & Hooker system (volume of 1883) for the order including the grass family:
The APG II system places the plants involved (and many others) in the order Poales. Other names for the order including the grass family are Glumiflorae and Graminales.
# Felipe Clemente de Diego y Gutiérrez

Felipe Clemente de Diego y Gutiérrez (1866 – 1945) was a Spanish jurist who was instrumental in rebuilding the Spanish state and its judiciary after the Francoist victory in the Spanish Civil War.
Clemente de Diego taught Roman law in Santiago in 1897–99 and civil law in Valladolid, Barcelona and Madrid until 1936. He co-founded the Revista de derecho privado, later the most significant civil law journal in Spain, in 1913. In 1938, the Franquist regime named him president of the Tribunal Supremo (Supreme Court), which post he held until his death.
The principal work of Clemente de Diego is the six-volume Curso elemental de Derecho civil español común y foral (1920–23). He also engaged in the study of the philosophy of law, promoting the adherence to an ideal of natural law founded on Christian ethics in the practice of law, and denouncing legal formalism as the reason for the perceived crisis of the legal system prior to the civil war.
# Fengdu railway station
## Overview

Fengdu railway station is a railway station in Fengdu County, Chongqing, on the Chongqing–Lichuan railway. It is operated by the China Railway Corporation. The station opened on 28 December 2013.
| Preceding station | China Railway High-speed | China Railway High-speed | China Railway High-speed | Following station |
| Fuling Northtowards Chongqing North | | Chongqing–Lichuan railway | | Shizhuxiantowards Lichuan |

## Services

Within the station, there are various facilities for patrons including restrooms, limited food facilities, ticketing desks, a small outdoor plaza with seating, and a large parking lot. Parking is limited during business days due to commuter traffic.
Some facilities such as food and ticketing do not operate after 18:00 local time. During periods of high traffic, such as local Fengdu events, station facilities may open early and remain open later. All modified operation times are at made at the discretion of station management.

## Attractions

Fengdu station is a railway station is the closest station on the Chongqing–Lichuan for attractions such as Shuangguishang Forest, the town of Fengdu, and Fengdu Ghost City shrine.
# James Paty the Elder

James Paty the Elder (sometimes spelled Patty) (died 1748) was an English mason, builder and architect. He was the first in a succession of members of the Paty family prominent in the building of 18th century Bristol. He is thought to have been the architect of Bristol's Old Library on King Street.

## Paty family

There is no definite evidence for the relation of James to the other members of the Paty family. He was not the father, but probably the uncle or some other relation of Thomas Paty and James Paty the Younger. A link between them is provided by the existence of a copybook, which may have been passed down within the family. Drawings within it have been tentatively attributed to each of these three men. However, they each operated out of different workshops, that of the elder James being in Broadmead. In 1721 he was admitted as a burgess of Bristol, on payment of a fine of £15. James had a wife Rachel, who carried on the operation of his workshop after his death. He had a son, also called James (1748–1807), who took over the workshop from his mother in 1768 on becoming a burgess in that year.

## Works

James Paty the Elder carved the wooden quarter jacks for Christ Church, Bristol, which were transferred later to the tower of the new church when it was rebuilt by William Paty as Christ Church with St Ewen. He was brought in by Thomas Paty to work as a stone carver on the Exchange where he carved at least one of the capitals. There are also about a dozen monuments he is known to have carved.
Some other buildings are attributed to him, though not with certainty, as builder or architect: houses on Unity Street and College Green, and the Old Library on King Street. For the library he is known to have been at least the mason and stone carver, and is thought to have been the architect too. Unfortunately, most of the library's ornamentation has been lost over time and as a result of repairs: in particular, a fine Bristol coat of arms on the pediment and figures of putti depicted reading books above the first floor windows.

### List of works

* Christ Church (1728) (as carver)
* 30 College Green (possibly) (c. 1730)
* Old Library (1738–40) (probably architect)
* The Exchange (1741–43) (as carver)
* 1 and 3–9 Unity Street (possibly) (c. 1742)
# First Republic Square

First Republic Square (Georgian: პირველი რესპუბლიკის მოედანი) former Rose Revolution Square (Georgian: ვარდების რევოლუციის მოედანი) is a square in the Vera district of Tbilisi at the western end of Rustaveli Ave.

## History

The square was constructed in 1983 and named Republic Square. In 2005 it was renamed into Rose Revolution Square after the Rose Revolution. In 2018, the square was renamed into the First Republic Square in memory of the 100 anniversary of the establishment of the First Republic of Georgia.
# 1831 in sports

1831 in sports describes the year's events in world sport.

## Boxing

Events
* 12 July — having failed to fight him in 1829, Jem Ward finally meets Simon Byrne and wins controversially in the 33rd round. Ward reclaims the English Championship.

## Cricket

Events
* This season sees Kent wicket-keeper Ned Wenman rise to prominence, though initially as a batsman.
England
* Most runs – Ned Wenman 144 @ 16.00 (HS 35)
* Most wickets – William Lillywhite 40 (BB 7–?)

## Horse racing

England
* 1,000 Guineas Stakes – Galantine
* 2,000 Guineas Stakes – Riddlesworth
* The Derby – Spaniel
* The Oaks – Oxygen
* St. Leger Stakes – Chorister

## Rowing

Events
* C. Campbell and J. Williams compete for the first English professional sculling championship in London
The Boat Race
* The Oxford and Cambridge Boat Race is not held this year
# Jane Buyers

Jane Buyers RCA (born 1948) is a Canadian multimedia artist who evokes the human presence and its impulse to manipulate through drawing, sculpture and printmaking. Her investigation and practice has a formal and thematic substance. Themes that have always preoccupied Buyers include books, labour and the domestic ritual. She is based in Elora, Ontario.

## Career

After getting her honours B.A. in Visual Art from York University (1973) and a Master of Education in History and Philosophy from the University of Toronto (1990), Buyers taught fine art at institutions in the Toronto region, was a Fine Art instructor at Fanshawe College, London, for seven years and Professor in the Fine Arts department at the University of Waterloo from 1988 to 2010, where she is now Distinguished Professor Emerita.
Much of Buyers work concentrates on labour and repetitive work to build a form. Earlier, she referenced domestic approximations and substitutes and later, tools and books. She is interested in the area between the utilitarian and the decorative, the natural and the artificial, the organic and the fabricated. Buyers says that process has always been an important component of her work:
   process as work, as labour, as the manipulation of materials, as the transformation of one element into another; and process as learning, as the gaining and dissemination of knowledge [....] My work juxtaposes cultural artifacts with nature. My interest is not in nature as "natural" but in nature as the site of complex, contradictory process of manipulation and idealizations expressive of a desire to be connected, to make order, to find a pattern.
Buyers has had over forty solo exhibitions and participated in more than one hundred group exhibitions. Her most important solo exhibitions include Inscriptions at the Robert McLaughlin Gallery in 2005 which travelled to the Koffler Gallery, Toronto and the UW Art Gallery, Waterloo; and a thirty-year survey show titled Gather…Arrange…Maintain, curated by Crystal Mowry and circulated by the Kitchener-Waterloo Art Gallery (2013). The exhibition catalogue included an interview by Nancy Campbell and a conversation with John Armstrong. Her recent group exhibitions include Into the Woods at the Canadian Clay and Glass Gallery, Waterloo (2006); Pictured: Image and Object in Canadian Sculpture, and Making Space, both Art Gallery of Nova Scotia (2007-2008 and 2021). In Making Space, her work was shown with that of Vikky Alexander, Edward Burtynsky and others.
She has given many public lectures. In 2020, she spoke at the 2020 Wild Writers Literary Festival on Aging and Creativity.
Buyers was elected to the Royal Canadian Academy of Arts in 2002. She has been awarded a number of Canada Council and Ontario Arts Council grants. Her work is in many private and public collections including the Art Gallery of Guelph; the Art Gallery of Nova Scotia; MacLaren Art Centre, Barrie; Museum London; and the Art Museum of the Americas, Washington D.C.
Her work has been represented by Paul Petro Contemporary Art, Toronto, since 1997.
# Bruno Ertz

Bruno Ertz (1873–1956) was an American painter. Born in Manitowoc, Wisconsin, he opened a studio in Milwaukee. His work is in the collections of the Charles Allis Art Museum, the Leigh Yawkey Woodson Art Museum, the Museum of Wisconsin Art, and the Rahr West Art Museum.
# Mokro, Konjic

Mokro (Cyrillic: Мокро) is a village in the municipality of Konjic, Bosnia and Herzegovina.

## Demographics

According to the 2013 census, its population was 7.
Ethnicity in 2013 :
| Ethnicity | Number | Percentage |
| Bosniaks | 4 | 57.1% |
| Croats | 3 | 42.9% |
| Total | 7 | 100% |
# Jasmine and Melissa Hemsley

Jasmine and Melissa Hemsley (born February 1980 and September 1985, respectively) are English food writers and media personalities who have been closely associated with the clean eating and "wellness" movement. Their first book, The Art of Eating Well (2014) spawned a television series on Britain's Channel 4 titled Eating Well with Hemsley + Hemsley.

## Early life

Jasmine and Melissa Hemsley are sisters born in London in February 1980 and September 1985 respectively to Evangelina who was born in the Philippines and worked in software management, and Jack Hemsley, a lieutenant colonel in the British Army Light Infantry (died 2014). They grew up in service accommodation on army bases in England and Germany.

## Career

Jasmine worked as a model after leaving school, bringing her own food to shoots from which she developed a food-delivery service that Melissa joined. In 2012 they began a recipe blog on the Vogue website. Their first book, The Art of Eating Well, was published in 2014 after which they had a television series on Channel 4 titled Eating Well with Hemsley + Hemsley. Their second book was Good + Simple (2014).
Along with Natasha Corrett and Ella Woodward, they have been closely associated with the clean eating and "wellness" movement, but say they have never mentioned clean eating in their books. They say they offer a "simple, healthy approach to life that stretches beyond the kitchen" and use recipes without gluten, grain, or refined sugar. Neither sister is a qualified nutritionist. Their approach has been criticised, however, as a form of "wellness evangelism" that may not confer the health benefits it promises.

## Selected publications

* The Art of Eating Well. Ebury Press, London, 2014. ISBN 9780091958329
* Good + Simple. Ebury Press, London, 2014. ISBN 9781785031601
# EnStream

EnStream LP is a mobile commerce joint venture company owned by Bell Mobility, Rogers and TELUS—Canada’s three main wireless companies. The three carriers formed EnStream LP in 2005. EnStream provides digital identity verification and authentication services for 3rd party applications, enhancing user convenience and reducing identity theft and fraud. EnStream formerly managed a mobile money transfer service called Zoompass.

## Uses of EnStream API's

* Contact Number Verification
* Fraud Detection
* Instant Account Opening
* Anti Money Laundering Compliance
* Geo-restricted Service Verification
* Transport and Logistics Services

## Awards

| Year | Nominee / work | Award | Result |
| 2010 | Enstream LP - Zoompass | Canadian Innovation Award for Mobile Application | Won |
| 2011 | Enstream LP - Zoompass Mobile Wallet & Prepaid MasterCard Program | Best Consumer Value in Prepaid - Paybefore Awards | Won |
EnStream divested Zoompass in 2012.