OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# ETHE1

Protein ETHE1, mitochondrial, also known as "ethylmalonic encephalopathy 1 protein" and "per sulfide dioxygenase", is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ETHE1 gene located on chromosome 19.

## Structure

The human ETHE1 gene consists of 7 exons and encodes for a protein that is approximately 27 kDa in size.

## Function

This gene encodes a protein that is expressed mainly in the gastrointestinal tract, but also in several other tissues such as the liver and the thyroid.
The ETHE1 protein is thought to localize primarily to the mitochondrial matrix and functions as a sulfur dioxygenase. Sulfur deoxygenates are proteins that function in sulfur metabolism. The ETHE1 protein is thought to catalyze the following reaction:
    sulfur + O$_2$ + H$_2$O $\rightleftharpoons$ sulfite + 2 H$^+$ (overall reaction)
    (1a) glutathione + sulfur $\rightleftharpoons$ S-sulfanylglutathione (glutathione persulfide, spontaneous reaction)
    (1b) S-sulfanylglutathione + O$_2$ + H$_2$O $\rightleftharpoons$ glutathione + sulfite + 2 H$^+$
and requires iron and possibly glutathione as cofactors. The physiological substrate of ETHE1 is thought to be glutathione persulfide, an intermediate metabolite involved in hydrogen sulfide degradation.

## Clinical significance

Mutations in ETHE1 gene are thought to cause ethylmalonic encephalopathy, a rare inborn error of metabolism. Patients carrying ETHE1 mutations have been found to exhibit lower activity of ETHE1 and affinity for the ETHE1 substrate. Mouse models of Ethe1 genetic ablation likewise exhibited reduced sulfide dioxygenase catabolism and cranial features of ethylmalonic encephalopathy. Decrease in sulfide dioxygenase activity results in abnormal catabolism of hydrogen sulfide, a gas-phase signaling molecule in the central nervous system, whose accumulation is thought to inhibit cytochrome c oxidase activity in the respiratory chain of the mitochondrion. However, other metabolic pathways may also be involved that could exert a modulatory effect on hydrogen sulfide toxicity.

## Interactions

ETHE1 has been shown to interact with RELA.
# Barry Bolton

Barry Bolton is an English myrmecologist, an expert on the classification, systematics, and taxonomy of ants, who long worked at the Natural History Museum, London. He is known especially for monographs on African and Asian ants, and for encyclopaedic global works, including the Identification Guide to Ant Genera (1994), A New General Catalogue of Ants of the World (1995, updated in 2007), Synopsis and Classification of Formicidae (2003), and Bolton's Catalogue of Ants of the World: 1758-2005 (2007). Now retired, Bolton is a Fellow of the Royal Entomological Society and Myrmecologist, Biodiversity Division, Department of Entomology, Natural History Museum, London.

## Recognition

At least 21 species of ants are named in Bolton's honour:
* Anochetus boltoni
* Anomalomyrma boltoni
* Cataulacus boltoni
* Chimaeridris boltoni
* Cryptomyrmex boltoni
* Daceton boltoni
* Leptanilla boltoni
* Loweriella boltoni
* Meranoplus boltoni
* Monomorium boltoni
* Myrmica boltoni
* Nylanderia boltoni
* Pheidole boltoni
* Plagiolepis boltoni
* Polyrhachis boltoni
* Pristomyrmex boltoni
* Proceratium boltoni
* Stigmatomma boltoni
* Strumigenys boltoni
* Tetramorium boltoni

## Books

* Bolton, Barry; Gauld, I. D., eds. (1988). The Hymenoptera. Oxford University Press. ISBN 9780198585213.
* Bolton, Barry (1994). Identification Guide to the Ant Genera of the World. Harvard University Press. ISBN 0674442806.
* Bolton, Barry (1995). A New General Catalogue of the Ants of the World. Harvard University Press. ISBN 067461514X.
* Bolton, Barry (2000). The Ant Tribe Dacetini. Volume 65 of the series Memoirs of the American Entomological Institute. Gainesville, FL: American Entomological Institute. ISBN 9781887988094.
* Bolton, Barry (2003). Synopsis and Classification of Formicidae. Volume 71 of the series Memoirs of the American Entomological Institute. Gainesville, FL: American Entomological Institute. ISBN 9781887988155.
* Bolton, Barry; Alpert, Gary; Ward, Philip S.; Naskrecki, Piotr (2006). Bolton's Catalogue of Ants of the World 1758-2005. Harvard University Press. ISBN 9780674021518.
* Bolton, Barry; Fisher, B. L. (2016). Ants of Africa and Madagascar: A Guide to the Genus. University of California Press. ISBN 9780520290891.
* Bolton's publications. List of publications and pdfs at antbase.org.
# Engan, India

Engan is a village in the Thiruvarur taluk of Thiruvarur district in Tamil Nadu, India. The Engan Murugan Temple, a popular Hindu shrine is located here.

## Demographics

As per the 2001 census, Engan had a population of 2,724 with 1,359 males and 1,365 females. The sex ratio was 1004. The literacy rate was 67.34.
# BRFU

BRFU may refer to:
* Brunei Rugby Football Union
* Buller Rugby Football Union
# Eudonia rotundalis

Eudonia rotundalis is a moth in the family Crambidae. It was described by Eugene G. Munroe in 1972. It is found in North America, where it has been recorded from Arizona, Colorado and New Mexico.
# B. J. Chute

Beatrice Joy Chute (January 3, 1913 – September 6, 1987) was an American writer and academic. She is best known for her 1956 novel Greenwillow.

## Early life

Chute was the daughter of William Young Chute (1863–1939), a Minneapolis real estate broker, and his wife Edith May "Mollie" Pickburn, an immigrant from Great Britain who had been a nurse in a London hospital. Chute's paternal grandfather, Richard Chute (1820–1893), was a prominent early Minnesota businessman. The family spent much of their time at their country home, "Hazelwood". She was the youngest of three sisters, the older sisters being Mary Grace Chute (b. 1907) and Marchette Gaylord Chute (1909–1994). All three sisters became writers. Mary Grace published, among other work, at least twenty stories in a series about "Sheriff John Charles Olson" in the Saturday Evening Post from 1938 to 1953. Marchette was known chiefly for her biographies of English historical figures; her 1950 Shakespeare of London was a bestseller, and Two Gentle Men: The Lives of George Herbert and Robert Herrick (1959) was a finalist for the National Book Award for Nonfiction in 1960.
Joy Chute worked at her father's realty office until around the time of his death. In the early 1940s her mother moved the family to New York City to pursue the sisters' literary careers.

## Career

Much of her early work was adventure and sports stories for boys, such as "Oh, Say Can You Ski?" (Boys' Life, January 1938). She continued to write similar material, as well as romance stories for women's magazines, through much of the 1940s, including several sports-themed novels - Blocking Back (1938), Shattuck Cadet (1941), and Shift to the Right (1944). In 1950 Chute published her first major work aimed at the adult market, The Fields are White, a novel of marriage and manners. After this her production of genre short stories declined.
In 1956 she published Greenwillow, her most successful work. The book was a fable set in the fictional village of Greenwillow. A critic called it "a deeply moving, gently humorous and serenely wise" story of young love and self-discovery. It went on to be a finalist for the National Book Award for Fiction in 1957, and was the basis for a modestly successful 1960 Frank Loesser Broadway musical, Greenwillow. She published novels, children's books, and books of short stories and edited one with a Christmas theme (Behold that Star, 1966). Her last book was The Good Woman (1986).
In 1964 she became an adjunct professor of creative writing at Barnard College and taught there for the rest of her life. She was at one time the director of Books Across the Sea and also president of PEN American Center (a position her sister Marchette also held).
# Dodo Kuranosuke

Dodo Kuranosuke (百々内蔵助, died 1560) was a Japanese samurai, and was a retainer of the Rokkaku clan until 1558, when he launched a rebellion against Rokkaku clan.
After he betrayed Rokkaku Yoshikata, and then fled to the safety of Sawayama Castle in present-day Shiga Prefecture, Honshu. Kuranosuke was besieged there, but held off every enemy attack until a force of ninja under Tateoka Doshun infiltrated and burnt the castle.
In 1560 his forces aided the Azai clan at the Battle of Norada against the Rokkaku. He fought his archenemy until the end, when he died in battle with them.
# Elizabeth K. Worley

Elizabeth Tucker Kinney Worley (January 5, 1904 – May 5, 2004), was an American zoologist and microbiologist.

## Early life and education

Kinney was born in South Hadley, Massachusetts, the daughter of Asa S. Kinney and Jean B. Tucker Kinney. Her father was a professor of botany and plant science at Mount Holyoke College. To mark her birth, her father planted a copper beech tree near Williston Library on the campus of Mount Holyoke; that tree "has become a fixture on campus: enchanting members of the campus community and visitors alike through the seasons".
Kinney graduated from Mount Holyoke College in 1924, and was active in Mount Holyoke alumnae activities. She pursued further studies at Washington University, where she earned a master's degree in 1926; she was elected to membership in Sigma Xi while there. She completed a doctorate at Columbia University in 1940, with a dissertation titled "A Study of the Sperm-Forming Components in Three Species of Decapoda" (1939).

## Career

Kinney taught zoology, anatomy, and physiology courses at Washington University, New York University, and the University of Pittsburgh. At Barnard College she taught courses and co-led the annual Camp Leadership Course for student leaders. Worley and her biologist husband both taught at Brooklyn College. In the 1940s, they collaborated on research on Golgi bodies, and he acknowledged her contributions to his publications. As E. K. Worley, she was still co-authoring research papers on marine invertebrates in the 1970s and 1980s.

## Personal life

Kinney married biology professor Leonard George Worley in 1931. They had two daughters and lived in Manhasset, New York. Her husband died in 1960. She died in 2004, aged 100 years, in Seattle. Two of her diaries are in the Mount Holyoke College Archives.
# Astrostatistics

Astrostatistics is a discipline which spans astrophysics, statistical analysis and data mining. It is used to process the vast amount of data produced by automated scanning of the cosmos, to characterize complex datasets, and to link astronomical data to astrophysical theory. Many branches of statistics are involved in astronomical analysis including nonparametrics, multivariate regression and multivariate classification, time series analysis, and especially Bayesian inference. The field is closely related to astroinformatics.
# Astrotech

Astrotech or astrotechnology or variation, may refer to:

## Companies

* Astrotech Corporation (formerly SpaceHab), a space technology incubator and space services firm, a partner of NASA
* Astrotech Group, a Chinese aerospace company
* Astro-Technology SOHLA, a Japanese public-private partnership consortium of Osaka Prefecture

## Technology

* The technology of astronomy
* Space technology of aerospace
* alien technology from unidentified flying objects
# Hugh Porter (poet)

Hugh Porter (1780–1812) was an Ulster Scots dialects poet and weaver. He was known as the Bard of Moneyslane, a village in County Down.
Porter started writing poetry as a teenager, although he likely had little formal education. In 1799, he dedicated a poem to his patron Reverend Thomas Tighe, who supported several local writers including Patrick Brontë. Tighe was a friend of the translator Reverend Henry Boyd, and was part of the Dromore literary circle with Thomas Percy.
In the 1800s, Porter's work was published in several newspapers under the pseudonym "A County Down Weaver" and "Tisander". In 1813, Poetical Attempts (1813), a volume of his work, was published "to exhilarate the evening of the author's life" with funds raised by Tighe.
# Esumeja

Esumeja is a town in the Bekwai Municipality in the Ashanti Region of Ghana. In the early nineties, Odeneho Nana Oduro Numapau II was the Paramount Chief of the Esumeja Traditional Area. As at 2010, Nana Adwoa Obro Pokuaa Nyankronpon was the Queenmother of the town.
# Askira/Uba

Askira/Uba is a Local Government Area of Borno State, Nigeria. Its headquarters are in the town of Askira.
It has an area of 2,362 km$^2$ and a population of 138,091 at the 2006 census.
The postal code of the area is 601.
One of the villages of Askira/Uba, Lassa, was the origin of a new virus found in the blood of returning American missionaries, and first identified by a virology research team in a laboratory at Yale University, who named it "Lassa virus" after the location where it first appeared. Askira/Uba has two Emirate Councils namely; Askira Emirate and Uba Emirate.
Askira was founded by Muhammadu Mai Maina in 1921.$^{:19}$
In July 2014, the villages of Huyim and Dille in Askira/Uba LGA were attacked by suspected Boko Haram gunmen, with nine and thirty-eight deaths respectively. The attackers came from the Sambisa Forest. Displaced residents "need help from governments and spirited individuals."

## Climate/Geography

The dry season in Askira is scorching and somewhat cloudy, whereas the wet season is hot, muggy, and cloudy. The average annual temperature fluctuates between 59°F and 103°F; it is rarely lower or higher than 54°F or 108°F. The hot season, which runs from March 8 to May 10, lasts for 2.0 months and with daily highs that average more than 99°F. In Askira, April is the warmest month of the year, with typical highs of 102°F and lows of 78°F. The 2.8-month cool season, which runs from July 3 to September 28, has an average daily maximum temperature of less than 89°F. With an average low temperature of 60°F and high temperature of 89°F, January is the coldest month of the year in Askira.
There are two distinct seasons in Askira Uba LGA, which has a total area of 2,362 square kilometers. The rainy season lasts longer than the other and is characterized by exceptionally hot temperatures. Large tracts of dry, arid land are found in the region, which has a semi-arid climate. In Askira Uba, the average temperature is 37 degrees Celsius, and the local humidity is 18%.

### Clouds

Over the course of the year, Askira's average percentage of cloud cover varies significantly based on the season. In Askira, the clearer season lasts about 4.4 months, starting around October 26 and ending around March 6. January is the clearest month of the year in Askira, with the sky being clear, mostly clear, or partly cloudy 58% of the time on average. The cloudier portion of the year lasts about 7.6 months, from around March 6 to October 26. In Askira, May is the cloudiest month of the year, with the sky being overcast or mostly cloudy 75% of the time on average.
# Eugène Laverne

Albert Eugène Laverne (13 April 1866 – 23 June 1941) was a sailor from France, who represented his country at the 1900 Summer Olympics in Meulan, France. Laverne as helmsman, was disqualified in first race of the 0.5 to 1 ton and did not finish in the second race. He did this with the boat Sidi-Fekkar.
# Eugène Laurent

Eugène Laurent (1850-1926) was a former mayor of Port Louis and one of the founders of the political party Action Libérale in Mauritius in 1907.

## Early life

Eugène Laurent was born in a Creole family on the island of Mauritius. He completed his secondary education at Royal College Curepipe and travelled to England to study medicine.

## Political career

Laurent was repeatedly elected as Mayor of Port Louis from 1905 to 1919.
In 1907, Laurent formed the new political party Action Libérale in collaboration with white Franco-Mauritians Anatole de Boucherville and Edouard Nairac in order to fight against the conservative white establishment led by Sir Henri Leclezio of the Oligarchy's Parti de L'Ordre, and to represent the rights of the Creole community.
Following his party's defeat at the 1911 general elections, Laurent migrated to London, England in 1919 where he died in 1926.

## Legacy

In the city of Port Louis a major street is named after Laurent.
# Lichères-sur-Yonne

Lichères-sur-Yonne (French pronunciation:) is a commune in the Yonne department in Bourgogne-Franche-Comté in north-central France.
# Hugh Maguire

Hugh Maguire may refer to:
* Hugh Maguire (Lord of Fermanagh) (died 1600), Lord of Fermanagh in Ireland during the reign of Elizabeth I
* Hugh Maguire (athlete) (1887–1967), American runner; see Athletics at the 1912 Summer Olympics – Men's 10,000 metres
* Hugh Maguire (violinist) (1926–2013), Irish violinist and concertmaster
* Hugh Maguire (actor), American film and television actor
# EFSI

EFSI may refer to:
* the ICAO code of Seinäjoki Airport in Finland,
* the European Fund for Strategic Investments, of the European Investment Bank
# ECLR-attributed grammar

ECLR-attributed grammars are a special type of attribute grammars.
They are a variant of LR-attributed grammars where an equivalence relation on inherited attributes is used to optimize attribute evaluation. EC stands for equivalence class. Rie is based on ECLR-attributed grammars.
# Huaynamota River

The Huaynamota River is a river in western Mexico. It is a tributary of the Río Grande de Santiago in the southern Sierra Madre Occidental.

## Geography

The Huaynamota drains a basin of 17,265 km$^2$, which covers parts of the states of Nayarit, Durango, Jalisco, and Zacatecas. The basin extends from 21° 24’ 36.82” to 23° 25’ 3.26” N and 104° 30’ 34.03” to 103° 24’ 26.73” W. The basin is mountainous, ranging in elevation from 216 to 3,148 meters.
The basin is bounded on the east by the Sierra los Huicholes, which separates it from the Bolaños River basin. The Sierra de Valparaiso bounds it on the north. The basin of the San Pedro Mezquital River bounds it on the west and northwest. The Sierra Alicia bounds it on the south.
The main tributaries of the Huaynamota are the Jesús María River, which flows from the north, and Atengo River, also known as the Chapalagana, which joins from the east. The basin of the Jesús María covers 5,185 km$^2$. The Atengo River drains a basin of 12,080 km$^2$. The Atengo's main tributaries are the Huajimic, which joins the Atengo from the south and drains the east slope of the Sierra Alicia and west slope of the Sierra Pajaritos, and the Camotlán, which drains the east slope of the Sierra Pajaritos and the southwestern Sierra los Huicholes.
The Huaynamota empties into Aguamilpa Reservoir, created by construction of the Aguamilpa Dam on the Río Grande de Santiago 25 km below its former confluence with the Huaynamota.

## Climate

The basin has an average annual rainfall of 600 mm, which mostly falls during the June-to-October summer wet season.

## People

The Huichol people live in the southeastern basin, in the valleys of the Atengo/Chapalagana and Camotlán. The Cora people live in the western basin, including the valley of the Jesús María River.
# Ethel Knight Kelly

Ethel Knight Kelly (born Ethel Knight Mollison, 28 January 1875 – 22 September 1949) was a Canadian–Australian actress, writer, and social leader. She appeared in a number of plays and wrote four books.

## Early life

Kelly was born in Saint John, New Brunswick, Canada. She was the elder daughter of Margaret Millen Mollison and William Knight Mollison. She married Edmund Canston Moore in New York City on 12 September 1894. The marriage was brief; one source states that Edmund died less than a year after the wedding.

## Career

She began her acting career with Olga Nethersole in 1894, and went on to appear in plays that included Cyrano de Bergerac and The Taming of the Shrew. She acted with a company headed by Augustin Daly and with George Holland's Stock Company. She appeared on Broadway in Beaucaire in 1901.
J. C. Williamson brought her to Australia for the play Are You a Mason? in 1903. Later that year she appeared in Madame Butterfly. She largely left acting after her second marriage, but she still sometimes performed in matinée shows. She appeared in The School for Scandal in 1917, and in her own play, Swords and Tea, in 1918. Also in 1918, she appeared in the silent film Cupid Camouflaged, credited as Mrs. T. H. Kelly.
Her first book was an account of her travels in India, titled Frivolous Peeps at India and published in 1911. In 1922, she became editor of the women's page of Smith's Weekly. In 1925 she published her first novel, Why the Sphinx Smiles. It was followed by Zara in 1927. She wrote a memoir, Twelve Milestones, which was published in 1929.

## Personal life

While in Australia she met businessman Thomas Herbert Kelly, the brother of Willie and Frederick Kelly. They married on 29 August 1903. They had two sons and two daughters. They remained married until his death in 1948.
From 1925 to 1934, she lived primarily in Florence, Italy, with her daughters. While in Italy she converted to Catholicism. She returned to Australia in 1934.
Kelly was an active fundraiser for hospitals and other charities, and was a prominent hostess for Sydney social events.
She died on 22 September 1949 at her home in Darlinghurst. She was survived by one of her sons and both of her daughters.
# Eulimella angeli

Eulimella angeli is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Pyramidellidae, the pyrams and their allies.

## Description

The helicocone shell grows to a length of 7 mm. Contrary to most other Eulimella species, the inside of the outer lip of a minority of Eulimella angeli specimens shows some teeth in the aperture. The carina at the base of the body whorl is prominent. The opisthocline growth lines of the shell, in the shape of an inverted S, clan clearly be seen.

## Distribution

This species occurs in the Atlantic Ocean off Mauritania and Senegal at depths between 18 m and 200 m
# Eulimastoma weberi

Eulimastoma weberi is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Pyramidellidae, the pyrams and their allies.

## Distribution

This species occurs in the following locations:
* Gulf of Mexico
# Atena Lucana

Atena Lucana is a town and comune in the province of Salerno in the Campania region of south-western Italy.

## History

Atena Lucana is one of the most ancient settlements in the Vallo di Diano, as testified by the presence of prehistoric Megalithic walls. Later it was a Greek trading center, a fortress of the Lucani and a municipium of the Romans. In imperial times it temples dedicated to Jupiter, Cybele, Aesculapius, Hercules, bath, an amphitheatre and, perhaps, a forum.
Around the 9th century it was destroyed by Saracen raiders. Subsequently, it was a fief of different baronial families. In the 19th century much of the population emigrated to North and South America.

## Main sights

* Church of St. Nicholas (9th century)
* Church of Santa Maria Maggiore
* Archaeological area of Serrone
* Castle
* Megalithic Walls (4th century BC)

## Festivals

A popular feast day in Atena Lucana is the feast of San Ciro, which is celebrated the 3rd Sunday of May. The women, to show their devotion carry large pyramids of candles on their heads in a procession. Many of them go barefoot as well to show their devotion or to ask for a healing from the Saint.

## Twin towns

* Meliki, Greece