OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Glosholm Lighthouse

The Glosholm Lighthouse (later Glosholm daymark) was a lighthouse on a southern tip of the Glosholm Island in the Pellinge archipelago in the Gulf of Finland, outside of Porvoo. With increasing sea traffic in the area, the lighthouse was constructed during the years 1832–1835. It served from 1835 to 1863, when it was replaced by the Söderskär Lighthouse. The structure served as a daymark until 1940, when it was blown up.

## Planning and building

When the lighthouse was being planned for the area, there were conflicting views on its location. Gustaf Brodd, then head of the Finnish pilot and lighthouse administration, wanted the lighthouse to be built on Glosholm, but the head of the Russian Lighthouse Administration wanted a more southerly location on Söderskär. In 1826, Tsar Nicholas I ordered the lighthouse to be built on Glosholm.
The tower of the lighthouse was made of bricks, it was 16.3 metres high, and it was four storeys high and had a diameter of 8.9 metres. An octagonal lighting structures were placed on this structure. A house for the staff of four was also built at the same time. The light of the lighthouse was lit for the first time on 15 September 1835.

## The Söderskär Lighthouse is built

The location of the Glosholm Lighthouse was not the best possible from the point of view of maritime traffic, and it was considered that the poor position contributed to some of the shipwrecks in the area. Thus, when the Söderskär Lighthouse had been built, the Glosholm Lighthouse lights were turned off, and from then on it functioned as a daymark. The top structure with the lighting devices were torn down, and an octagonal iron roof was built in its stead, with a tapering point at the top. On top of this there was a cross with a height of 6.1 metres, and a barrel placed crosswise on top of the cross.

## Destruction during the Winter War

During the Winter War, the Glosholm daymark was ordered to be destroyed, as it was thought that the enemy bombers could use it for navigation. The tower was blown up on 14 March 1940, i.e. a day after the war ended. The news of the end of the war did not reach the daymark until some time later. A five metre tall structure remained standing, and during the Continuation War it was used for fire control.

## Model for the Moomin House

Author Tove Jansson used the Glosholm daymark as the model for her Moominhouse. According to some sources, Jansson spent some of her childhood summers in the area. More reliable is the information that she later spent the summers for 30 years on the Klovaharun Island, ca. 3 km south-west of Glosholm. By the time the first Moomin book came out in 1945, the daymark had already been blown up, but memories of it still lingered.

## Opening up for the public

According to Helsingin Sanomat (25 July 27, 2015), the coast guard will be moving away from Glosholm, and the Finnish Administration of Forests and the Uusimaa Centre for Economic Development, Transport and the Environment are planning to make Glosholm a tourist destination.
# Handle decompositions of 3-manifolds

In mathematics, a handle decomposition of a 3-manifold allows simplification of the original 3-manifold into pieces which are easier to study.

## Heegaard splittings

An important method used to decompose into handlebodies is the Heegaard splitting, which gives a decomposition in two handlebodies of equal genus.

## Examples

As an example: lens spaces are orientable 3-spaces and allow decomposition into two solid tori, which are genus-one-handlebodies. The genus one non-orientable space is a space which is the union of two solid Klein bottles and corresponds to the twisted product of the 2-sphere and the 1-sphere: $\scriptstyle S^{2}{\tilde {\times }}S^{1}$.

## Orientability

Each orientable 3-manifold is the union of exactly two orientable handlebodies; meanwhile, each non-orientable one needs three orientable handlebodies.

## Heegaard genus

The minimal genus of the glueing boundary determines what is known as the Heegaard genus. For non-orientable spaces an interesting invariant is the tri-genus.
# Embalenhle

eMbalenhle is a township in Govan Mbeki Local Municipality in the Mpumalanga province of South Africa.
It was established in the 1970s to serve as a black-only township for the neighbouring Secunda, which was founded at the same time. Similar to Secunda, a substantial part of housing in eMbalenhle has been constructed by Sasol for its workers.
eMbalenhle is 10 km away from Secunda, and either town is generally accessed from the other by means of using the R580 road.
# Bobby Lee (disambiguation)

Bobby Lee (born 1971) is an American actor and comedian.
Bobby Lee may also refer to:
* Bobby C. Lee (born 1975), American entrepreneur
* Bobby Lee (musician), American pedal steel guitar player since 1975
* Bobby Lee (ice hockey) (1911–1974), Canadian ice hockey player
* Bobby Lee (American football) (1945–2009), American football wide receiver
# Isola Rizza dish

The Isola Rizza dish is a sixth-century silver dish with a relief medallion in the centre depicting a scene of warfare. It was part of a hoard discovered by a local in a field near the parish church in Isola Rizza in the winter of 1873. Besides the dish, the hoard contained six silver spoons, two silver and gold disc fibulae with filigree, a belt clasp and three golden belt fittings. The clasp and one fitting are now lost, but the dish is kept in the Castelvecchio Museum. Numerous copies have been made.
The dish is generally dated to the late sixth century. Stylistically, it is a Byzantine work, possibly produced in Italy. It depicts a scene from either the Gothic Wars or the Lombard Wars in Italy. The burial of the hoard may be associated with the Lombard capture of Verona in 569.
The relief medallion of the dish shows a heavy cavalryman charging one infantryman while leaping over a fallen one. The cavalryman wears a Spangenhelm-style helmet and lamellar armour, and is wielding a contus (long spear). He is most likely a Germanic or Alan mercenary in Byzantine service, possibly a cataphract. The two infantryman carry round shields and spathae (swords). They have beards, trousers and tunics. They have generally been seen as Lombards, although that implies a later dating for the hoard than 569.
# Eucereon myrina

Eucereon myrina is a moth of the subfamily Arctiinae. It was described by Herbert Druce in 1884. It is found in Arizona, Mexico and Guatemala.
# Italy at the 1991 Mediterranean Games

Italy competed at the 1991 Mediterranean Games in Athens, Greece.

## Medals
### Athletics

| Sport | Gold | Silver | Bronze | Total |
| Athletics | 11 | 17 | 9 | 37 |
| Totals (1 entries) | 11 | 17 | 9 | 37 |

#### Men

| Event | | | |
| 100 metres | Ezio Madonia | | |
| 200 metres | Stefano Tilli | | Sandro Floris |
| 400 metres | | Fabio Grossi | |
| 800 metres | | | Tonino Viali |
| 1500 metres | Gennaro Di Napoli | | |
| 10,000 metres | | Francesco Bennici | |
| Marathon | | Gianluigi Curreli | |
| 110 metres hurdles | | | Fausto Frigerio |
| 400 metres hurdles | | Fabrizio Mori | Mauro Maurizi |
| 3000 metres steeplechase | | Alessandro Lambruschini | |
| High jump | | Luca Toso | Fabrizio Borellini |
| Pole vault | | | Marco Andreini |
| Long jump | | Fausto Frigerio | |
| Shot put | Alessandro Andrei | Luciano Zerbini | |
| Discus throw | Luciano Zerbini | Marco Martino | |
| Hammer throw | | Enrico Sgrulletti | |
| Javelin throw | | Fabio De Gaspari | |
| 20 km walk | Maurizio Damilano | | |
| 4x100 metres relay | Mario Longo Sandro Floris Ezio Madonia Carlo Simionato | | |
| 4x400 metres relay | Marco Vaccari Alessandro Aimar Fabio Grossi Andrea Nuti | | |
| | 8 | 11 | 6 |

#### Women

| Event | | | |
| 200 metres | Marisa Masullo | | |
| 800 metres | | | Nadia Falvo |
| 1500 metres | | | Gabriella Dorio |
| 3000 metres | Roberta Brunet | Nadia Dandolo | |
| 400 metres hurdles | | Irmgard Trojer | |
| Long jump | | Valentina Uccheddu | |
| Shot put | | Agnese Maffeis | Mara Rosolen |
| Discus throw | Agnese Maffeis | | |
| 4×100 metres relay | | Marisa Masullo Donatella Dal Bianco Daniela Ferrian Rossella Tarolo | |
| 4×400 metres relay | | Cosetta Campana Barbara Martinelli Roberta Rabaioli Johanna Zuddas | |
| | 3 | 6 | 3 |
# Boulogne (disambiguation)

Boulogne most commonly refers to Boulogne-sur-Mer, a city in northern France by the English Channel.
"Boulogne" may also refer to:

## Places and geography
### Argentina

* Boulogne Sur Mer, a town in Buenos Aires Province

### France

* Boulogne (river), a river in western France
* Boulogne, Vendée, a former commune in western France now part of Essarts-en-Bocage
* Boulogne-Billancourt, a commune near Paris
** Bois de Boulogne, a park in Paris bordering Boulogne-Billancourt
* County of Boulogne, an historic county centered on Boulogne-sur-Mer
** Boulogne-sur-Mer, a French coastal city.

### United States

* Boulogne, a small town in Florida

## People with the surname

* Joseph Boulogne (Chevalier de Saint-Georges), French classical composer, swordsman and equestrian
* Valentin de Boulogne, French painter

## Other

* US Boulogne, a French football team in Boulogne-sur-Mer
# Emperors Yan and Huang

The sculpture of Emperors Yan and Huang is a monument in China that was carved from a mountain on the Yellow River. The overall monument height is 106 metres (348 ft); a 55-meter base platform with 51-meter busts on top. They depict the two mythical emperors known as Yan Emperor (Yandi) and Yellow Emperor (Huangdi). The construction lasted 20 years and was completed in 2007, at a cost of US$22.5 million. They are located in Zhengzhou, the capital of Henan province, People's Republic of China. The statues commemorate politics and the economy.

## History

In 1987, Wang Renmin, a key figure at a Zhengzhou City tourist attraction, was inspired during visits to Singapore and the United States, where he encountered strong support for the concept of Yan and Huang Emperors' descendants. This inspired him to propose building a sculpture of the emperors by the Yellow River. On October 15, 1987, Wang Renmin announced plans for the sculpture and initiated a global donation campaign. Over the next five years, he lobbied extensively. In 1988, the Yanhuang Emperor Giant Sculpture Preparatory Committee was formed in Beijing, followed by the establishment of the national Chinese Yanhuang Culture Research Association on May 10, 1991. The foundation for the sculpture was laid on September 12, 1991, and construction began in September 1994 but faced funding issues. In 2004, the project was handed over to the Zhengzhou Municipal Government and became a key city project. With government and investment support, construction progressed smoothly, culminating in the statue's inauguration on April 18, 2007.

## Construction

The giant sculpture, standing 106 meters tall, combines a mountain and human figures, symbolizing unity. It surpasses the Statue of Liberty in height by 8 meters and the Motherland Calls in Russia by 2 meters. The sculpture features Emperor Yan and Emperor Huang, with identical facial features. Their eyes are 3 meters long, and their noses are 8 meters long. The faces together cover over 1,000 square meters. The sculpture is made from over 7,000 cubic meters of concrete, 1,500 tons of steel, and 6,000 cubic meters of granite, all sourced from Taihang Mountain. The project cost approximately 180 million yuan.
# Evje (village)

Evje is the administrative centre of Evje og Hornnes municipality in Agder county, Norway. The village is located along the river Otra. It sits along the Norwegian National Road 9, about 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) south of the village of Byglandsfjorden and immediately north of Evjemoen, a former military base. Historically, the village of Evje was the administrative centre of the municipality of Evje og Vegusdal from 1838 until 1877, then from 1877 until 1960 it was the administrative centre of the municipality of Evje, and since then it has been the centre of Evje og Hornnes municipality.
The Evje Church lies on the north end of the village on the east shore of the river Otra, and the Hornnes Church lies about 6 kilometres (3.7 mi) to the south on the west shore of the river Otra. Hornnes Church is actually located in the small village of Hornnes which is considered a part of the Evje urban area. Other villages in the urban area of Evje include Evjemoen, Dåsnesmoen, Hornnes, and Kjetså. The 3.09-square-kilometre (760-acre) urban area of Evje has a population (2016) of 2,428 which gives the it a population density of 786 inhabitants per square kilometre (2,040/sq mi).

## Name

The municipality (originally the parish) of Evje is named after an old Evje farm (Old Norse: Efja), since the first church was built there. The name is identical with the word efja which means "eddy".
# Handle magazine

Handle Magazine was an Australian basketball magazine published in Australia. It was, along with Hoopcity, the only Australian basketball magazine being published. Handle Magazine was in circulation between 2005 and 2009.

## History and profile

Handle Magazine was first published in September 2005. The magazine was part of FKP Universal Exports. It was published bi-monthly. Even though it was an Australian publication it still had a few NBA articles and interviews. Brad Graham served as the editor-in-chief and art direct of the bi-monthly. Dov Kornits was the publisher of the magazine of which the last issue appeared in March 2009.
# Emerald Pool

Emerald Pool is the name of several locations.

## Yosemite

Emerald Pool is a small, shallow lake, with an area of less than one acre. It is located about 80 meters above Vernal Fall in Yosemite National Park. It is named for its deep green color, which is caused by algae living on the rocks at the bottom of the pool. In the summertime during diminished water flow, the Silver Apron (a smooth granite slope over which the Merced River flows into the Emerald Pool) is frequently (albeit illegally) used by hikers as a water slide. Swimming or wading in the Emerald Pool or entering the Silver Apron is prohibited by the National Park Service since waders or swimmers have been swept over Vernal Fall and killed, and people sliding down Silver Apron risk collision with hidden rocks at its lower end. This prohibition is clearly marked with signs.

## Yuba River

There also is an Emerald Pools destination in California along the Yuba River. 39°19′17″N 120°39′21″W﻿ / ﻿39.3213°N 120.6558°W﻿ / 39.3213; -120.6558 The South Yuba River flows down a 60 feet (18 m) waterfall into a sheer rock canyon with two pools. The walls around the first pool measure from around 30 feet (9.1 m) to 80 feet (24 m) in height with a length of around 50 metres (160 ft) and width of around 30 metres (98 ft). The crystal-clear water is deep, 27 feet (8.2 m) near the middle of the pool, and many people jump off the cliffs for enjoyment. A second pool nearby is nearly as large. Despite the cool water temperature it is a popular swimming spot, particularly among young adults.

## Yellowstone National Park

Emerald Pool, a hot spring named for its emerald green color, is one of the main attractions at Black Sand Basin in Yellowstone National Park. Its temperature is 154.6 °F (68.1 °C) and its dimensions are 27 by 38 feet (8.2 by 11.6 m) with a depth of 25 feet (7.6 m). The color is due to growth of yellow bacteria and algae. Cooling, the result of objects thrown into the pool and natural debris, has affected the growth of the bacteria and algae, making the pool appear orange and brown around the edges.

## Others

Other locations named Emerald Pool are in Morne Trois Pitons National Park in Dominica, and in Zion National Park in Utah.
# Eric Donaldson (disambiguation)

Eric Donaldson is a Jamaican reggae singer-songwriter.
Eric Donaldson may also refer to:
* Eric Donaldson (footballer, born 1898) (1898–1964), Australian rules footballer for St. Kilda
* Eric Donaldson (footballer, born 1899) (1899–1986), Australian rules footballer for Melbourne
# Eucereon moeschleri

Eucereon moeschleri is a moth of the subfamily Arctiinae first described by Rothschild in 1912. It is found on Jamaica.
# Andrzej Meyer

Andrzej Bronisław Meyer (6 August 1955 in Białystok -23 January 2016) was a Polish economist, entrepreneur and local government official, in 2011-2014 Vice President of Białystok and in 2014-2015 Voivode of Podlaskie Voivodeship.

## Biography

Son of Bronisław and Janina. He graduated in economics from the University of Białystok. He ran his own business in the field of real estate management, he also dealt with tax consultancy, and was a member of the authorities of the National Chamber of Tax Advisors. In 1990, he joined the Liberal Democratic Congress, and in the same year he became a councilor of Białystok for the first term. From 1994 he was a member of the Freedom Union, and in 2005 he joined the Civic Platform, where he held, among others, the function of regional secretary. In 2011, he became the vice-president of Białystok. On December 22, 2014, he was appointed Voivode of Podlaskie Voivodeship. On October 6, 2015, he resigned after being charged with alleged failure to fulfill his duties during his term as vice-president of Białystok. The next day he was dismissed from his position. In 2015, he was awarded the Badge of Honor for Services to the Association of Siberians. He was married and had two children. He died of cancer. He was buried on January 27, 2016, at the Farny Cemetery in Białystok. In 2019, the City Council of Białystok named a roundabout at the intersection of Nowowarszawska and Ciołkowskiego streets after him.
# Bradford County

Bradford County is the name of two counties in the United States:
* Bradford County, Florida
* Bradford County, Pennsylvania
# George Vansittart

George Vansittart (15 September 1745 – 31 January 1825) was a British politician.
He was the younger son of Arthur Vansittart of Shottesbrook and educated at Reading school. His brothers Arthur Vansittart and Henry Vansittart were also MPs.
He made his fortune as a merchant in British India and settled at Bisham Abbey on his return to England in 1776. He was the Member of Parliament (MP) for Berkshire from 1784 to 1812.
Vansittart married Sarah, daughter of Sir James Stonhouse, 11th Baronet, with whom he had 5 sons and 3 daughters. General George Henry Vansittart and Vice-Admiral Henry Vansittart (1777–1843) were their sons. His grandson, George Henry Vansittart, would also represent Berkshire in Parliament, from 1852 to 1859.
# Gerry Hundt

Gerry Hundt (born May 29, 1977) is an American Chicago blues musician and multi-instrumentalist. His favoured instrument is the mandolin. Hundt released his debut solo album, Since Way Back, in early 2007.

## Biography

Born in Appleton, Wisconsin, United States, Hundt's family relocated to Rockford, Illinois, when he was aged three.
He has garnered respect for his work with other musicians such as John-Alex Mason and Nick Moss. This led to his 2007 solo album, Since Way Back, (on Blue Bella Records), which earned him nominations for the Blues Foundation's Blues Music Award for 'Best Instrumentalist, Other (mandolin)' in 2008, 2009, 2010, and 2011.
In 2015, Steadygroove Music released Gerry Hundt's Legendary One-Man-Band.

## Discography

* Since Way Back (2007)
* Gerry Hundt's Legendary One-Man-Band (2015)
# Embellishment (disambiguation)

Embellishment is a design element that adds interest to an object.
Embellishment may also refer to:
* Ornament (music)
* Diving (ice hockey), also known as embellishment
Embellish may also refer to:
# Federal Yugoslavia

Federal Yugoslavia may refer to:
* Democratic Federal Yugoslavia, from 1943 to 1945
* Federal People's Republic of Yugoslavia, the name of Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia from 1945 to 1963
* Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, the name of Serbia and Montenegro from 1992 to 2003
# Francis Brooks

Francis Brooks may refer to:
* Francis Gerard Brooks (1924–2010), Roman Catholic bishop in Northern Ireland
* Francis K. Brooks (born 1943), Vermont educator and politician
# Inspired Media Entertainment

Inspired Media Entertainment, also known as Left Behind Games, was a Christian-themed gaming company most notable for its work on Left Behind: Eternal Forces. The company closed their office, shut down operations, and laid off all of their employees at the end of 2011.

## History

The company was started by Internet entrepreneur Troy Lyndon whose original goal was to make a video game series to tie into the popular Left Behind series. The game, Left Behind: Eternal Forces was released in 2006. It later evolved into a Christian gaming portal which incorporated not only the Left Behind series but hundreds of other Christian-themed games. According to founder Troy Lyndon, the goal was to produce an average of fifty games per year and set up a web link of at least three thousand churches.

## Controversy

The company faced some criticism from social activists for its flagship Left Behind game, which was falsely accused of rewarding players for killing the opposite side or neutral units during the course of the game. President Jeffrey Frichner, cofounder the company, argued against these claims, noting that killing people in the game costs the player spirit points and that the game's objectives can be completed using exclusively nonviolent strategies. In addition, the game's manual states that there are penalties for killing units and firmly discourages the player from doing so. Despite a planned petition to Walmart to discontinue the game, the company declined to pull the game from its shelves citing high sales.

## United States SEC Lawsuit

On September 25, 2013, the United States Securities and Exchange Commission made public their pending lawsuit against Left Behind Games. They allege that CEO Troy Lyndon issued nearly two billion unregistered shares to a prison ministries pastor named Ronald Zaucha in exchange for consultation services, millions of which were sold for $4.6 million, $3.3 of which were kicked back to the company, as part of a plan to (according to allegations) dupe investors into believing that the company was thriving. The SEC suspended trading of the company's shares pending review.

## Product list

* King Solomon series
* Scripture Chess
* Left Behind: Eternal Forces
* Left Behind 2: Tribulation Force
* Left Behind 3: Rise of the Antichrist
* Left Behind 4: World at War
* Keys of the Kingdom
# Epistle to the Alexandrians

The Epistle to the Alexandrians is a pseudepigraphical Epistle attributed to Paul the Apostle that is mentioned in the Muratorian fragment, one of the earliest lists of the canonical texts of the New Testament. The anonymous author of the Muratorian canon considered this epistle as spurious, along with the Epistle to the Laodiceans, and both of them are stated to have been "forged in Paul's name to [further] the heresy of Marcion."$^{:24:35}$ Its text has been lost and nothing is known about its content.
Theologian Theodor Zahn believed himself to have found a fragment of the Epistle to the Alexandrians in the shape of a lesson – a liturgical Epistle – in the (eighth century) Sacramentary and Lectionary of Bobbio (Paris Bib cat., Lat. 13246). It is headed Epistle of Paul the Apostle to the Colossians, but it is not from that letter or any other known Pauline epistle. Other scholars consider that it is simply an alternative title to the Epistle to the Hebrews, but they have been unable to convince their colleagues. M. R. James argued that the word 'fincte' might be a scribal error, as many others in the Muratorian Fragment, and that it should be singular instead of plural, and so only the letter to the Alexandrians should be associated with the Marcionites, not the one to the Laodiceans. Joseph Lightfoot suggested there was hiatus after 'Pauli nomine', and that 'fincte' does not apply to the epistles to the Laodiceans nor the Alexandrians, but to mutilated epistles of Marcion, so that the author considered neither to be a forgery.
# J. A. Green

J. A. Green may refer to:
* Sandy Green (mathematician) (James Alexander Green, 1926–2014), professor of mathematics
* J. A. Green (photographer) (1873–1905), Nigerian photographer