OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Ernest Chandler

Ernest Vivian Chandler (31 July 1891 to 16 August 1936) was a British boxer and cyclist.

## Boxing career

Chandler won the 1912 A.B.A. Middleweight Championship boxing for Stock Exchange ABC.
After stepping up in weight he won the 1914 A.B.A. Heavyweight Championship. In 1914, he also became the World Amateur Heavyweight champion.
He died in 1936 from blood poisoning following a blood transfusion.
# Ernest Chaplet

Ernest Chaplet (1835 in Sèvres – 1909 in Choisy-le-Roi) was a French designer, sculptor and ceramist. He was a key figure in the French art pottery movement, and his works are held in international public collections such as the Musée d'Orsay, Paris.
Having worked in industry for over 30 years, he opened an atelier with the sculptor Albert-Louis Dammouse in 1882, producing stoneware often influenced by Japanese designs and Chinese prototypes. From 1875 he worked with Félix Bracquemond. Chaplet became head of the Parisian workshops of Charles Haviland of Haviland & Co. in 1882, working in stoneware and porcelain for them. He worked on ceramics with Paul Gauguin from 1886; together they created some 55 stoneware pots with applied figures or ornamental fragments, multiple handles, painted and partially glazed. He later worked with Jules Dalou and Auguste Rodin.
From 1887 Chaplet took up permanent residence at Choisy-le-Roi, often collaborating with the ceramics manufacture Alexandre Bigot. He won acclaim at the 1900 International Exhibition, but lost his sight in 1904, after which his son Emile Lenoble took over his studio. He committed suicide in 1909.

## Gallery

* Ibis vase
* cachepot
* Porcelain vase with swan, Haviland & Co., 1880s
* Stoneware vase, 1880s
* Stoneware vase with swallow, mid-1880s
* Stoneware tankard with man drinking from jug, Haviland & Co., mid-1880s
# Euthalian Apparatus

The Euthalian Apparatus is a collection of additional editorial material, such as divisions of text, lists, and summaries, to the New Testament's Book of Acts, Catholic epistles, and Pauline epistles. This additional material appears at the beginnings of books, in the margin of the text, and at the ends of books, as well as in line and paragraph separations. This material is traditionally associated with the name of Euthalius.

## Description

Euthalius divided the text of the Acts and catholic epistles into chapters, with a summary of contents at the top of each chapter. To Euthalius were also referred a division of the Acts into 16 αναγνωσεις (lessons) and of the Pauline epistles into 31 sections. But these lessons are quite different. Euthalius prepared also the text of the Acts and Epistles in which text is written stichometrically.
To the Euthalian Apparatus belong: a chronology of the Apostle Paul, the martyrdom of Paul, a list of places at which the Epistles were thought to be written, and the names associated with Paul in the headings to the Epistles. The quotations from the Old Testament cited in the Pauline epistles are numbered and catalogued in a list. Overall, the Apparatus is a collection of varied aids for the reader.
The Euthalian Apparatus is contained in numerous manuscripts: Codex Mutinensis, Codex Basilensis A. N. IV. 2, Codex Argenteus, Minuscule 3, 5, 6, 35, 38, and many other medieval manuscripts of the New Testament.

## Dating

The Euthalian apparatus has variously been dated to between the 4th and 7th centuries.
James Marchand argued that the Euthalian apparatus probably dated to the first half of the 4th century, arguing that the original must precede its incorporation into Gothic, Armenian, and Syriac translations.
The Greek texts do not include the Euthalian apparatus until relatively late, but Armenian and Syriac texts incorporated it by the late 5th or early 6th century, with Gothic texts including it by the early/mid 6th century. The Greek Codex Coislinianus includes it in the 6th century. James Marchand argued that either Wulfila/Ulfilas had incorporated the Euthalian matter into the Gothic text in the mid 4th century, or Sunnia and Frethela had done so in the early 5th century, with Wulfila/Ulfilas being more likely.

## Authorship

The authorship usually is attributed to one Euthalius. He was identified as Bishop of Sulci in Sardinia, but according to Tregelles he was a Bishop of Sulca in Egypt. According to Wake and L. A. Zacagni Euthalius was a Bishop of Sulce, near Syene.
It was suggested that the name of the real author of the Apparatus was Evagrius. According to John Mill it was Theodore of Mopsuestia. Hermann von Soden thought, that Euthalius lived in the 7th century, possibly in Antioch.
Bruce M. Metzger stated: "How much of this supplementary material was drawn up by Euthalius and how much was added later is not known."
# Félix Rodríguez (Nicaraguan footballer)

Félix Dorian Rodríguez (born April 27, 1984) is a retired Nicaraguan professional midfielder who last played for UNAN Managua in the Primera División de Nicaragua.

## Club career

He started his career at hometown club Bluefields and joined Estelí in 2010.

## International career

Rodríguez made his debut for Nicaragua in a September 2010 friendly match against Guatemala and has, as of December 2013, earned a total of 17 caps, scoring 2 goals. He has represented his country in 4 FIFA World Cup qualification matches and played at the 2011 and 2013 Copa Centroamericana.

### International goals

    Scores and results list Honduras' goal tally first.
| N. | Date | Venue | Opponent | Score | Result | Competition |
| 1. | 21 January 2011 | Estadio Rommel Fernández, Panama City, Panama | Guatemala | 1–0 | 1–2 | 2011 Copa Centroamericana |
| 2. | 2 September 2011 | Windsor Park, Roseau, Dominica | Dominica | 2–0 | 2-0 | Friendly match |
# Camp Hansen

26°27′38″N 127°54′54″E﻿ / ﻿26.460467°N 127.915076°E﻿ / 26.460467; 127.915076
Camp Hansen is a United States Marine Corps base located in Okinawa, Japan. The camp is situated in the town of Kin, near the northern shore of Kin Bay, and is the second-northernmost major installation on Okinawa, with Camp Schwab to the north. The camp houses approximately 6,000 Marines nowadays, and is part of Marine Corps Base Camp Butler, which itself is not a physical base and comprises all Marine Corps installations on Okinawa.
Camp Hansen is named for Medal of Honor recipient Dale M. Hansen, a Marine Corps private who was honored for his heroism in the fight for Hill 60 during the Battle of Okinawa. Hansen was killed by a Japanese sniper's bullet three days after his actions on Hill 60.
Built on the site of the former Chimu Airfield, the Camp was completed on 20 September 1965 after 29 months of construction by USN Mobile Construction Battalions 3, 9, and 11.

## Tenant units

* Headquarters, 12th Marine Regiment
* 3rd Battalion 12th Marines
* 3rd Law Enforcement Battalion
* 3rd Intelligence Battalion
* 7th Communication Battalion
* 31st Marine Expeditionary Unit
* 5th Air Naval Gunfire Liaison Company (ANGLICO)
* 9th Engineer Support Battalion
* Special Operations Training Group
* Elements of the 3rd Reconnaissance Battalion.
* 3rd Marine Division Truck Company
* III MEF Information Group (MIG)
* 2nd Battalion 11th Marines
* 3rd Ordnance Maintenance Company (OMC)

## Base information

The base is home to the Central Training Area, which includes several firing ranges, a pair of shooting houses which support live fire training, and other training areas, being one of the few locations on the island where weapons firing is permitted. Also located at Camp Hansen is a brig, a confinement facility that houses U.S. military members from around the Far East for short term sentences.
Facilities include a Post Exchange, a theater, a convenience store, two gyms, and a "consolidated entertainment facility" known as The Palms, which has two restaurants, as well as enlisted, SNCO, and officer clubs.
In March 2008, the Japan Ground Self-Defense Force began training at Camp Hansen, as part of the reorganization of U.S. forces in Japan and the move towards sharing facilities between American and Japanese troops.

## Controversies

In September 1995, three U.S. servicemen stationed in Camp Hansen rented a van, kidnapped and raped a 12-year-old Japanese girl. The crime "stirred furor" among the Okinawans, according to Time.
According to documents leaked by Edward Snowden and published by The Intercept, the site hosts an NSA collection facility codenamed CAMELUS. It uses a PUSHER-type antenna.
# Andrew Bradley

Andrew Bradley may refer to:
* A. C. Bradley (Andrew Cecil Bradley, 1851–1935), English literary scholar
* Andrew Coyle Bradley (1844–1902), US federal judge
* Andrew M. Bradley (1906–1983), American cabinet secretary in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania
* Quro, born Andrew Bradley, Australian hip hop MC from Adelaide, South Australia
# GABPA

GA-binding protein alpha chain is a protein that in humans is encoded by the GABPA gene.

## Function

This gene encodes one of three GA-binding protein transcription factor subunits which functions as a DNA-binding subunit. Since this subunit shares identity with a subunit encoding the nuclear respiratory factor 2 gene, it is likely involved in activation of cytochrome c oxidase expression and nuclear control of mitochondrial function. This subunit also shares identity with a subunit constituting the transcription factor E4TF1, responsible for expression of the adenovirus E4 gene. Because of its chromosomal localization and ability to form heterodimers with other polypeptides, this gene may play a role in the Down syndrome phenotype.

## Interactions

GABPA has been shown to interact with Host cell factor C1, Sp1 transcription factor and Sp3 transcription factor.
# Baddegama North

Baddegama North is a small town in Sri Lanka. It is located within Southern Province.
# Eutorna insidiosa

Eutorna insidiosa is a moth in the family Depressariidae. It was described by Edward Meyrick in 1910. It is found in India (Assam).
The wingspan is 10–13 mm. The forewings are deep ochreous with the costal edge blackish towards the base and with a broad ferruginous-brown streak beneath the fold from the base to the tornus, suffused beneath and posteriorly, edged above with some black scales and then with whitish suffusion. There is a triangular patch of ferruginous-brown suffusion extending on the costa from two-fifths to near the apex and reaching half across the wing, edged anteriorly by a very oblique ochreous-whitish streak preceded towards the costa by some blackish irroration, and enclosing a shorter similar streak from the costa at three-fourths, the second discal stigma is round and black, edged with ochreous whitish and there are some blackish scales along the termen. The hindwings are rather dark grey.
# Andorra at the 2022 Winter Olympics

Andorra competed at the 2022 Winter Olympics in Beijing, China, from 4 to 20 February 2022.
On 19 January 2022, the Andorran Olympic Committee announced a team of four athletes (two per gender) competing in two sports. During the announcement, it was also announced the Andorran flag would be carried by a volunteer at the opening ceremony as the alpine skiers would not arrive till later and the cross-country skiers had competition the next day. However, two days later, snowboarder Maeva Estevez was added to the team and named as flagbearer at the opening ceremony. This increased the team size to five athletes (two men and three women). A volunteer served as the flagbearer during the closing ceremony.

## Competitors

The following is the list of number of competitors who participated at the Games per sport/discipline.
| Sport | Men | Women | Total |
| Alpine skiing | 1 | 1 | 2 |
| Cross-country skiing | 1 | 1 | 2 |
| Snowboarding | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| Total | 2 | 3 | 5 |

## Alpine skiing

By meeting the basic qualification standards, Andorra qualified one male and one female alpine skier.
| Athlete | Event | Run 1 | Run 1 | Run 2 | Run 2 | Total | Total |
| Athlete | Event | Time | Rank | Time | Rank | Time | Rank |
| Joan Verdú | Men's giant slalom | 1:04.48 | 13 | 1:06.80 | 3 | 2:11.28 | 9 |
| Joan Verdú | Men's super-G | — | — | — | — | 1:22.92 | 22 |
| Cande Moreno | Women's combined | 1:34.05 | 16 | 1:00.29 | 14 | 2:34.34 | 12 |
| Cande Moreno | Women's downhill | — | — | — | — | DNF | DNF |
| Cande Moreno | Women's super-G | — | — | — | — | 1:16.72 | 30 |

## Cross-country skiing

Andorra qualified two male and two female cross-country skiers, but chose to only use one quota per gender.
Due to high winds and adverse weather conditions, the men's 50 km freestyle competition on 19 February was shortened to 28.4 km.
| Athlete | Event | Classical | Classical | Freestyle | Freestyle | Final | Final | Final |
| Athlete | Event | Time | Rank | Time | Rank | Time | Deficit | Rank |
| Irineu Esteve Altimiras | Men's 15 km classical | — | — | — | — | 40:39.4 | +2:44.6 | 24 |
| Irineu Esteve Altimiras | Men's 30 km skiathlon | 41:37.9 | 27 | 38:54.1 | 16 | 1:21:08.2 | +4:58.4 | 20 |
| Irineu Esteve Altimiras | Men's 50 km freestyle | — | — | — | — | 1:15:09.8 | +3:37.1 | 25 |
| Carola Vila | Women's 10 km classical | — | — | — | — | 31:45.0 | +3:38.7 | 47 |
| Carola Vila | Women's 15 km skiathlon | 25:09.6 | 43 | 24:32.5 | 50 | 50:28.8 | +6:15.1 | 47 |
| Carola Vila | Women's 30 km freestyle | — | — | — | — | 1:39:18.1 | +14:24.1 | 48 |

## Snowboarding

Andorra received a reallocated quota for the women's snowboard cross event.
| Athlete | Event | Seeding | Seeding | 1/8 final | Quarterfinal | Semifinal | Final | Final |
| Athlete | Event | Time | Rank | Position | Position | Position | Position | Rank |
| Maeva Estevez | Women's snowboard cross | DNF | 31 | DNS | Did not advance | Did not advance | Did not advance | 31 |
# Igor Muttik

Igor Muttik (born 1962 in Russia) is a computer security expert, researcher and inventor.

## Career

Igor Muttik is a Senior Principal Research Architect with McAfee which is part of Intel Corporation since 2011. He started researching computer malware in 1980s when anti-virus industry was in its infancy. Muttik holds a PhD in physics and mathematics from the Moscow State University. He has been a member of CARO (Computer Antivirus Research Organization) since 1994, and worked as a virus researcher for Dr. Solomon's Software. Since 1998 Muttik was running McAfee’s anti-malware research in EMEA and switched to his architectural role in 2002.
In 2008 he was one of the co-founders of AMTSO (Anti-Malware Testing Standards Organization) and was on the Board of AMTSO for 3 years. Muttik was also a co-founder of Industry Connections Security Group (ICSG is part of IEEE) - he is the chair of the taggant system working group, vice-chair of the ICSG and CMX (clean file metadata exchange) working groups. The taggant system and CMX are both part of AMSS (Anti-Malware Support Service).
He is a regular speaker at major international security conferences like Black Hat Briefings, RSA Conference, DEF CON, Virus Bulletin, EICAR. Muttik lives in the UK
Muttik is a visiting professor at the Information Security Group at Royal Holloway, University of London. He is heading McAfee's work for the security research of mobile devices funded by EPSRC:
* MobSec
* ACID and
* AppGuarden projects.
His current work is focused on the architecture of security solutions for smart devices and on hardware-assisted security technologies.

## Packer controversy

In May 2009 Muttik's blog about the risks associated with the use of software packers caused criticism by Rob Rosenberger. Despite this incident Muttik is working closely today with several software companies developing software packers (like Themida) on the taggant system.
# El primer nueva corónica y buen gobierno

El primer nueva corónica y buen gobierno (English: The First New Chronicle and Good Government) is a Peruvian chronicle finished around 1615. Its author, the indigenous Peruvian Felipe Guamán Poma de Ayala, sent it as a handwritten manuscript to King Philip III of Spain. His purpose was to give a historical account of the Andes from the earliest human beings to the Incas and the Spanish conquest; it was also meant as a call of attention towards the deep problems caused by Spanish government in the region.
The manuscript was never published and its location for the next several centuries was unknown. The scholar Richard Pietschmann rediscovered it at the Royal Danish Library in Copenhagen in 1908; Paul Rivet published a facsimile edition in Paris in 1936. Some researchers believe that the manuscript traveled from Spain to Denmark via the library of the Count-Duke of Olivares, in Spain, part of which was sold to Cornelius Pedersen Lerche, ambassador of Denmark in Spain. Nevertheless, this is only speculation.

## Content

The chronicle covers ancient Andean history, the rise of the Inca empire, the Spanish conquest in the 1530s, and early colonial society and government. Guamán Poma's discussion of Inca rule describes religion, social order, legislation, annual festivals and economic organization, as well as the functions of the different social groups. His narrative of Inca and pre-Inca times is often inaccurate according to modern understandings, but reflects how the Incas were remembered in the early colonial period, as well as Guamán Poma's distinctive ideas. Approximately half the book is dedicated to a description and harsh critique of Spanish colonial rule; scholars consider this section of the book as a uniquely valuable and reliable historical source. The book contains a large number of detailed illustrations which are often reproduced in books and articles about pre-conquest and colonial Peru. Guamán Poma dedicated the book to King Philip III of Spain, in the hope of improving colonial rule, but there is no evidence that the king ever saw the book.

## Reprint

* Hackett Publishing, abridged edition, 2006, ISBN 0-87220-841-9
# Eirunepé Airport

Amaury Feitosa Tomaz Airport (IATA: ERN, ICAO: SWEI) is the airport serving Eirunepé, Brazil.

## Airlines and destinations

| Airlines | Destinations |
| Azul Brazilian Airlines | Manaus, Tefé |

## Accidents and incidents

* 31 January 1978: a TABA – Transportes Aéreos da Bacia Amazônica Embraer EMB 110 Bandeirante registration PT-GKW crashed upon take-off from Eirunepé. The crew of 2 died but all 14 passengers survived.

## Access

The airport is located 4 km (2 mi) from downtown Eirunepé.
# Bahia 22

The Bahia 22, also called the Bahia 23, is a French trailerable sailboat that was designed by Philippe Harlé as a pocket cruiser and first built in 1983.

## Production

The design was built by Jeanneau in France, between 1983 and 1987 but it is now out of production. The boat was also imported into the United States.

## Design

The Bahia 22 is a recreational keelboat, built predominantly of fiberglass, with wood trim. It has a fractional sloop rig, a raked stem, a plumb transom, a transom-hung rudder controlled by a tiller and a stub keel and centerboard or, optionally, fixed fin keel. It displaces 1,852 lb (840 kg) and carries 620 lb (281 kg) of ballast.
The centerboard version of the boat has a draft of 4.76 ft (1.45 m) with the centerboard extended and 1.31 ft (0.40 m) with it retracted, allowing operation in shallow water or ground transportation on a trailer.
The boat is normally fitted with a small 3 to 6 hp (2 to 4 kW) outboard motor for docking and maneuvering.
The design has sleeping accommodation for four people, with a double "V"-berth in the bow cabin and two straight settee berths in the main cabin. The galley is located amidships on both sides just aft of the bow cabin. The galley is equipped with a stove and a sink. Cabin headroom is 59 in (150 cm).
The design has a PHRF racing average handicap of 177 and a hull speed of 5.7 kn (10.6 km/h).

## Operational history

In a 2010 review Steve Henkel wrote, "the Bahia 23 (22' 9" LOA if you include both the outboard rudder and the bow pulpit in the length, but only 20' 4" LOD and 21" 11" LOA measured the conventional way) was built in France, and some few hulls were imported to the United States. As with many other French designs, a lot of thought has gone into the execution. Best features: The cabin arrangement is better than the average 20-footer's. Headroom is almost five feet ... [the s]ettee berths are both in the range of 7' 0" to 7' 6" long, A central table folds down, and also swings to one side for ingress and egress, or fore and aft for dining or other social activity. A companionway step can also serve as a bench at the table. On deck, lifeline stanchions have fixing points for beaching legs to hold the hull upright, in case you get caught on a falling tide. Worst features: The main hatch is hinged at the forward end, rather than sliding fore and aft, which limits headroom as well as visibility for those who like to stand in the companionway to look around."
# Farol de Câmara de Lobos

The Farol de Câmara de Lobos is a small lighthouse on the south coast of the island of Madeira, Portugal. The lighthouse was built in 1937 on top of a promontory at a focal height of 23 metres, and is located about 7 km west of the city of Funchal.
# Elek's test

Elek's test or the Elek plate test is an in vitro test of virulence performed on specimens of Corynebacterium diphtheriae, the bacteria that causes diphtheria. It is used to test for toxigenicity of C. diphtheriae strains.
The test uses immunodiffusion. A strip of filter paper impregnated with diphtheria antitoxin is buried just beneath the surface of a special agar plate before the agar hardens. Strains to be tested are streaked with known positive and known negative toxigenic strains on the agar's surface in a line across the plate, and at a right angle to the antitoxin paper strip. After incubation for 24 hours at 37 degrees Celsius, plates are examined with transmitted light for the presence of fine precipitin lines at a 45-degree angle to the streaks. The presence of precipitin lines indicates that the strain produced toxin that reacted with the antitoxin.
The test was characterized in 1949 by Hungarian-born British microbiologist Stephen Dyonis Elek (1914–1992). It provided an easier way to test the toxigenicity of C. diphtheriae specimens compared with previous tests. It also allowed an in vitro test to replace a clinical test on laboratory animals, helping with the "reduce" component of the three R's. Diphtheria was a major public health scourge, killing entire families with acute airborne pulmonary disease, before diphtheria vaccine brought it under control. At the time Elek developed this test, control of the disease was not yet secured in all regions of the world. Today its control is threatened by vaccine hesitancy.
# Ilium

Ilium or Ileum may refer to:

## Places and jurisdictions

* Ilion (Asia Minor), former name of Troy
* Ilium (Epirus), an ancient city in Epirus, Greece
* Ilium, ancient name of Cestria (Epirus), an ancient city in Epirus, Greece
* Ilium Building, a building in Troy, New York, United States

## Anatomy

* Ilium (bone), part of the hip bone in the pelvis
* Ileum, the third and final part of the small intestine

## Art and entertainment

* Ileum (band), a grunge rock band from The Netherlands
* Ilium (band), a metal band from Australia
* Ilium (novel), a 2003 novel by Dan Simmons
* Ilium (Kurt Vonnegut), a fictional New York town in many of Kurt Vonnegut's novels
* Illium, a fictional location in the video game Mass Effect 2

## Other uses

* Camp Ilium, a YMCA camp
# Bagala

Bagala may refer to:
* Bagala, a clan of the Jawoyn people of northern Australia
* Bágala, a town in Panama
* Baghlah, also spelt bagala, a type of Arab sailing dhow
* Bagala, a social group (community) of India
* Bagalamukhi, also known as Bagala, one of the mahavidyas and an aspect of Devi in Hinduism