OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Blackdown

Blackdown or Black Down may refer to:

## Places
### Australia

* Blackdown, Queensland, a locality in the Central Highlands Region
* Blackdown Tableland National Park in Queensland.

### Canada

* Blackdown Cadet Training Centre, a Canadian Cadet training centre (Tri-Force) located at CFB Borden, Ontario.

### England

* Blackdown, Dorset, a village near Chard
* Black Down, Dorset, a hill near Portesham
* Blackdown, Hampshire, a village near Winchester
* Black Down, Somerset, a hill in the Mendip Hills
* Blackdown, Warwickshire, a village near Leamington Spa
* Blackdown, West Sussex, a hill also spelt Black Down
* Blackdown Hill, Dorset, one of Dorset's highest points
* Blackdown Hills, a range of hills in Somerset and Devon
* Princess Royal Barracks, Deepcut (Blackdown Camp), a World War II army camp near Aldershot, Hampshire

## Computing

* Blackdown Java, a port of Sun's Java virtual machine to Linux.

## Popular culture

* "Blackdown", a song by Patrick Wolf from The Bachelor
* "Blackdown", a song by French artist Laurent Voulzy from Lys & Love
# End Citizens United

End Citizens United (ECU) is a political action committee in the United States. The organization is working to reverse the U.S. Supreme Court 2010 decision in Citizens United v. Federal Election Commission, which deregulated limits on independent expenditure group spending for or against specific candidates. It is focused on driving larger campaign donations out of politics with a goal to elect "campaign-finance reform champions" to Congress by contributing and raising money for these candidates as well as running independent expenditures. End Citizens United was founded in 2015, operating in its first election cycle during 2016 with more than $25 million in funding.
The organization has endorsed Democratic candidates such as Zephyr Teachout, Hillary Clinton, Russ Feingold, Beto O'Rourke, Elizabeth Warren, and Jon Ossoff. For the 2016 election, it was one of the largest outside groups funding the campaigns of U.S. Senators Maggie Hassan and Catherine Cortez Masto, spending a combined $4.4 million on the races. By mid-2017, End Citizens United had raised more than $7.5 million from grassroots donations, and planned to raise $35 million for the 2018 election cycle. In 2020, End Citizens United spent 41% ($16.1 million) of its income on media, 17% ($6.5 million) on staff salaries, and 15% ($5.7 million) on contributions to candidates and strategy and research work.
In early 2018, an anonymous U.S.-based contractor paid at least 3,800 micro job workers to manipulate what stories would come up when people searched for the PAC via Google.
During the 2018 elections, End Citizens United organized a no corporate PAC pledge, and around 185 Democratic candidates agreed not to take corporate PAC money, including Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez, Cory Booker, and Kamala Harris.
# Amsonia tharpii

Amsonia tharpii is a species of flowering plant in the family Apocynaceae, known by the common names Tharp's bluestar and feltleaf bluestar. It is native to New Mexico and Texas in the United States.
This plant is a perennial herb with a woody taproot. It grows up to about 20 centimeters tall. The linear to lance-shaped leaves are each up to 3 centimeters long and are whorled about the stem. The leaves lower on the plant are wider than those near the top. The white, pale blue, or greenish flowers are borne in clusters at the stem tips. They are tubular and about 1.5 centimeters long. The fruit is a two-lobed follicle. The cylindrical seeds are about a centimeter long.
There are three populations of this plant in New Mexico in Eddy County, and there is a single population in Texas, in Pecos County. The New Mexico and Texas sites are over 160 kilometers apart. The plant is probably a relict species, rare now that conditions have changed since it was more abundant. Today it grows on limestone and gypsum substrates in Chihuahuan Desert scrub vegetation.
The plant is threatened by the loss and degradation of its habitat. In New Mexico it is threatened by oil and gas development and the changes that have occurred on the land due to overgrazing, such as erosion and introduced species of plants. In Texas, the plant grows on roadsides and it may be threatened by roadway maintenance.
# Gamma-muurolene synthase

γ-Muurolene synthase (EC 4.2.3.126, Cop3) is an enzyme with systematic name (2E,6E)-farnesyl-diphosphate diphosphate-lase (cyclizing, γ-muurolene-forming). This enzyme catalyses the following chemical reaction
    (2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate $\rightleftharpoons$ γ-muurolene + diphosphate
The enzyme has been characterized from the fungus Coprinus cinereus.
# Gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase

Gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase may refer to:
* Gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase, an enzyme
* Glutathione hydrolase, an enzyme
# Gampo-eup

Gampo-eup is an eup or a town of Gyeongju in South Korea. It contains part of Gyeongju National Park: the Daebon section which covers the shoreline near Daewangnueng, the watery grave of King Munmu of the Silla kingdom. 7,132 people live in Gampo-eup, served by two elementary schools and a joint middle-high school. Important local products include persimmons as well as anchovies, seaweed, and squid.
There are over 240 seafood restaurants in Gampo Harbor offering various dishes made with seafood caught in the sea, such as hoe (raw fish dishes), jeonboktang (an abalone soup), grilled seafood and others.
# Eric Montalvo

Eric Montalvo is an American lawyer who retired after 21 years of active duty service from the United States Marine Corps as a "Mustang" Major and JAG officer.
He is notable for questioning whether the Department of Justice and Department of Defense should rely on paid witnesses when trying to assemble a new case against his client, Mohammed Jawad. His work on the case was featured in the February 2011 issue of GQ magazine.

## Education

Montalvo has a Bachelor of Science from the University of South Carolina and a Juris Doctor from Temple University School of Law.

## Legal career

Montalvo is Founding Partner of The Federal Practice Group. His areas of practice are military law, security clearance law, international corporate law, and white collar crime.

### Guantanamo hitch

On July 22, 2009, US District Court Judge Ellen Huvelle granted Jawad's habeas corpus petition, ruling that all the evidence against him was inadmissible, because it was triggered by torture. The Department of Justice requested time to lay new charges against Jawad, based on witness statements that had not been available during the previous five years he had been in custody. On August 4, 2009, the Washington Independent reported that Montalvo and lead counsel David Frakt reported that the new prosecution witnesses had received gifts or cash in return for their testimony.
On August 28, 2009, Jeremy Page, writing in The Times, reported that Montalvo was planning to represent Jawad in a lawsuit against the US government. Page reported that Montalvo was scheduled to retire from the Marine Corps within the next month.
On September 21, 2009, historian Andy Worthington, author of The Guantanamo Files, published a letter from Montalvo's colleague Frakt, that explained Montalvo's role in more detail. He wrote that, initially, Jawad's Defense team was going to hire a private investigator to travel to Afghanistan to conduct their own investigation, because so much of the evidence in the case had disappeared. It was only when Susan Crawford declined to budget for a private investigator that Montalvo made plans to serve as the team's investigator.

### Defense of Adam Winfield

Adam Winfield is a soldier who faces charges that he participated in a thrill kill murder ring in Afghanistan. Montalvo is serving as his attorney. Montalvo and Winfield's father have asserted that Winfield was not a willing participant in the conspiracy, that he was one of the whistleblowers who had tried to report the ring. A documentary was produced detailing Winfield's story, and is called The Kill Team. The film won first place in the category of Best Documentary Feature at the 2013 Tribeca Film Festival.

### Afghanistan evacuation

Montalvo and his Federal Practice Group were involved in the 2021 evacuation from Afghanistan, chartering a plane from Mazar-i-Sharif to Doha. The flight was called "rogue", containing "300 people of unknown nationalities" as it wasn't expected or documented. It didn't have landing rights for Doha, but was able to land.
# Erik Rud Brandt

Erik Rud Brandt (16 October 1943 – 11 March 2023) was a Danish fashion designer. In 1966 he married Margit Brandt and founded his own design company in Copenhagen with branches in Scandinavia, Switzerland, Canada, United States, Japan, and Australia. In 1981 they established Brandt's America, in New York City.
# Gamiz (surname)

Gamiz may refer to two surnames: Gámiz and Gamíz.
Notable people with the surname Gámiz include:
* Andrea Gámiz (born 1992), Venezuelan tennis player
* Pedro López de Gámiz [es] (1528–1588), Spanish sculptor
* Roberto Carlos Reyes Gámiz (born 1969), Mexican politician
* Sergio Gámiz (born 1978), Spanish footballer
Notable people with the surname Gamíz include:
# Eric Millhouse

Colonel Sir Eric William John Millhouse (26 December 1891 – 24 February 1950) was a South Australian lawyer, noted for his work for returned servicemen.

## History

Millhouse was born at Mount Gambier, a son of Joseph Edward Millhouse and his wife Mary Jane Millhouse, née Mahood. He was educated at the Port Pirie school and subsequently Prince Alfred College. He graduated LLB at the University of Adelaide University in March 1915, serving his articles with Young, Newland, & Ward, then worked as managing clerk for Francis "Frank" Villeneuve Smith, and was admitted to the Bar in the following month. He remained with Smith until 1916, when he joined the Crown Law Office and in 1921 succeeded Shierlaw as Crown Prosecutor, becoming the youngest in the history of Australia.

## Returned servicemen

Millhouse enlisted with the 1st AIF in September 1914, serving as a gunner with the 8th Battery in France, in July 1919 promoted to sergeant librarian. Soon after his return from the front, he received a commission in the Legal Corps and served as a part-time officer until placed on the retired list in 1949. He was State president of the RSL from 1942 to 1944, then elected Federal president in 1946, the second to hold the post after G. J. C. Dyett. He pushed energetically for preference in employment and rehabilitation for returned World War II servicemen.

## Other activities

* In February 1933 he succeeded Sir Frank Moulden on the district staff of the St. John Ambulance Brigade.
* He was chairman of the Police Appeal Board for some time, replacing W. R. Kelly SM in July 1933, replaced in 1950 by E. L. Bean.
* He was elected unopposed as chairman of the SA National Football League in March 1940, he was re-elected in February 1946, for a further term.
* He was a keen lacrosse player, and represented South Australia in interstate matches.
* In May 1936 he was elected president of the SA Amateur Billiards Association.

## Recognition

* In 1933 he was appointed an honorary Special Magistrate by Executive Council
* Millhouse was appointed KC in September 1945
* Millhouse was knighted in the 1950 New Year's list.
Among prominent RSL officials who attended his funeral were the acting Federal president G. W. Holland, the Federal secretary James Clarence "Jim" Neagle of the RSL, and the Minister for the Army, Josiah Francis, flew in from interstate to be present. Tributes were read from the Governor, Sir Willoughby Norrie, the Premier, Tom Playford, and the State president of the RSL Arthur S. Blackburn, VC.

## Family

Joseph Edward Millhouse ( –1920) married Mary Jane Mahood ( –1944) in 1884. Their family included:
* Dr. Ernest J. Millhouse (1885–1948), North Terrace dentist
* Eric Millhouse married Marjorie Franklin Wald (1892–1955) in 1906. They had a home on LeFevre Terrace, North Adelaide
   * Ian Wald "Billy" Millhouse (1920–1943)
* Vivian Rhodes Millhouse (1902–1963), also a lawyer
   * Robin Millhouse, lawyer and politician
# End of message

End of message or EOM (as in "(EOM)" or "<EOM>") signifies the end of a message, often an e-mail message.

## Usage

The subject of an e-mail message may contain such an abbreviation to signify that all content is in the subject line so that the message itself does not need to be opened (e.g., "No classes Monday (EOM)" or "Midterm delayed <EOM>"). This practice can save the time of the receiver and has been recommended to increase productivity.
EOM can also be used in conjunction with no reply necessary, or NRN, to signify that the sender does not require (or would prefer not to receive) a response (e.g., "Campaign has launched (EOM/NRN)") or reply requested or RR to signify that the sender wishes a response (e.g., "Got a minute? (EOM/RR)"). These are examples of Internet slang.
EOM is often used this way, as a synonym to NRN, in blogs and forums online. It is often a snide way for commenters to imply that their message is so perfect that there can be no logical response to it. Or it can be used as a way of telling another specific poster to stop writing back.
EOM can also be defined as the final 3 buzzes of an alert of the Emergency Alert System to know when the alert is finished.

## Origin

In earlier communications methods, an end of message ("EOM") sequence of characters indicated to a receiving device or operator that the current message has ended. In teleprinter systems, the sequence "NNNN", on a line by itself, is an end of message indicator. In several Morse code conventions, including amateur radio, the prosign AR (dit dah dit dah dit) means end of message.
In the original ASCII code, "EOM" corresponded to code 03$_{hex}$, which has since been renamed to "ETX" ("end of text").
# Blackwater Reservoir

The Blackwater Reservoir is a reservoir created behind a dam in the mountains above Kinlochleven, Lochaber, Highland, Scotland. The dam is 914 metres (2,999 ft) long, the longest in the Highlands.
The hydroelectric scheme was constructed in the early 1900s for the British Aluminium Company for the purpose of smelting aluminium and was designed by engineers Patrick Meik and Charles Meik. Chief assistant resident engineer was William Halcrow.
The 27 metres (89 ft) high dam was built at an elevation of about 305m in rugged terrain. 6 kilometres (3.7 mi) of concrete aqueduct was constructed, and nearly 13 kilometres (8.1 mi) of steel pipe was laid (six parallel pipelines). The dam was built using hand tools, without the benefit of mechanical earth moving machinery, and has been described as the last major creation of the traditional 'navvy'.
The power house and aluminium smelting plant were situated in Kinlochleven, which is adjacent to the sea loch Loch Leven.
The power station now produces electricity for the aluminium smelter in Fort William, supplementing the supply from the Lochaber hydroelectric scheme. Surplus energy is sold to the national grid for public supply.
A number of workers lost their lives constructing the dam; their graves, which are marked by concrete markers, are close to the dam.
During the First World War, German prisoners worked on laying a pipe down the hillside from the dam.
# Blackwater River (Buller River tributary)

The Blackwater River is located in the Buller District of New Zealand. It flows north-northwest for 19 kilometres (12 mi) from the northern slopes of Mount Copernicus in the Paparoa Range, reaching the Buller River 16 kilometres (9.9 mi) west of Inangahua in the lower Buller Gorge.
41°50′55″S 171°47′30″E﻿ / ﻿41.84861°S 171.79167°E﻿ / -41.84861; 171.79167
# Endeavour 33

The Endeavour 33 is an American sailboat, that was designed by Bruce Kelley and first built in 1983.

## Production

The design was built by Endeavour Yacht Corporation in the United States between 1983 and 1986, but it is now out of production.

## Design

The Endeavour 33 is a small recreational keelboat, built predominantly of fiberglass, with wood trim. It has a masthead sloop rig, a raked stem, a near-vertical transom, a skeg-mounted rudder controlled by a wheel and a fixed fin keel. It displaces 11,350 lb (5,148 kg) and carries 4,600 lb (2,087 kg) of ballast.
The boat has a draft of 4.50 ft (1.37 m) with the standard keel fitted.
The boat is fitted with a Japanese Yanmar diesel engine of 22 hp (16 kW). The fuel tank holds 36 U.S. gallons (140 L; 30 imp gal) and the fresh water tank also has a capacity of 36 U.S. gallons (140 L; 30 imp gal).
The design has a PHRF racing average handicap of 168 with a high of 180 and low of 162. It has a hull speed of 7.03 kn (13.02 km/h).
# Irrigation scheduling

Irrigation scheduling is the process used by irrigation system managers to determine the correct frequency and duration of watering.
The following factors may be taken into consideration:
* Precipitation rate of the irrigation equipment – how quickly the water is applied, often expressed in inches or mm per hour.
* Distribution uniformity of the irrigation system – how uniformly the water is applied, expressed as a percentage, the higher the number, the more uniform.
* Soil infiltration rate – how quickly the water is absorbed by the soil, the rate of which also decreases as the soil becomes wetter, also often expressed in inches or mm per hour.
* Slope (topography) of the land being irrigated as this affects how quickly runoff occurs, often expressed as a percentage, i.e. distance of fall divided by 100 units of horizontal distance (1 ft of fall per 100 ft (30 m) would be 1%).
* Soil available water capacity, expressed in units of water per unit of soil, i.e. inches of water per foot of soil.
* Effective rooting depth of the plants to be watered, which affects how much water can be stored in the soil and made available to the plants.
* Current watering requirements of the plant (which may be estimated by calculating evapotranspiration, or ET), often expressed in inches per day.
* Amount of time in which water or labor may be available for irrigation.
* Amount of allowable moisture stress which may be placed on the plant. For high value vegetable crops, this may mean no allowable stress, while for a lawn some stress would be allowable, since the goal would not be to maximize production, but merely to keep the lawn green and healthy.
* Timing to take advantage of projected rainfall
* Timing to take advantage of favorable utility rates
* Timing to avoid interfering with other activities such as sporting events, holidays, lawn maintenance, or crop harvesting.
The goal in irrigation scheduling is to apply enough water to fully wet the plant's root zone while minimizing overwatering and then allow the soil to dry out in between waterings, to allow air to enter the soil and encourage root development, but not so much that the plant is stressed beyond what is allowable.
In recent years, more sophisticated irrigation controllers have been developed that receive ET input from either a single on-site weather station or from a network of stations and automatically adjust the irrigation schedule accordingly.
Other devices helpful in irrigation scheduling are rain sensors, which automatically shut off or may turn off manually an irrigation system when it rains, and soil moisture sensing devices such as capacitance sensors, tensiometers and gypsum blocks.
# Amorphothecaceae

The Amorphothecaceae are a family of fungi in the division Ascomycota. This family can not yet be taxonomically classified in any of the ascomycetous classes and orders with any degree of certainty (incertae sedis). It contains the single genus Amorphotheca.
In nature, Amorphothecaceae exist under Taxus trees. The only known species within this family, Amorphotheca resinae (also known as Hormoconis resinae or Cladosporium resinae), can live in tanks of diesel or jet fuel, consuming alkanes and traces of water, which can cause problems for airliners and boats.
# Erigeron atticus

Erigeron atticus is a European species of flowering plant in the family Asteraceae. It is native to France, Spain, Italy, Switzerland, Austria, Germany, Poland, Czech Republic, Slovakia, Bulgaria, the former Yugoslavia, Hungary, and Romania.
Erigeron atticus is an herb up to 60 cm (2 feet) tall. One plant usually produces several flower heads, each with white, blue or purple ray florets surrounding many yellow disc florets.
# Garganta de los Montes

Garganta de los Montes is a municipality of the autonomous community of Madrid in central Spain. It belongs to the comarca of Valle del Lozoya
# Garganta del Villar

Garganta del Villar is a municipality located in the province of Ávila, Castile and León, Spain. According to the 2006 census (INE), the municipality had a population of 56 inhabitants.
# Gargantilla (disambiguation)

Gargantilla may refer to:
* Gargantilla, a municipality of the Province of Cáceres, Extremadura, Spain
* Gargantilla del Lozoya y Pinilla de Buitrago, a municipality of the Community of Madrid, Spain
* The Spanish word for choker or necklace.
# Erling Christie

Erling Christie (19 May 1928 — 3 September 1996) was a Norwegian author.
Christie was among the pioneers of modernism in Norway both as a poet and a critic. Christie published five poetry collections in his life, and these were collected in the posthumous collection Samlede dikt (Aschehoug 1998).
His literary works meant that Christie introduced a large number of English language authors to the Norwegian public, and his own poetry was inspired by English speaking authors such as T. S. Eliot.
In 1959 Erling Christie had an accident that led to him losing his sight and becoming unemployed. This led to him writing Tegnene slukner, which was published the year after the accident took place.
# Garrett F109

The Garrett F109 (Company designation TFE109) was a small turbofan engine developed for the Fairchild T-46 by Garrett AiResearch. With the United States Air Force's cancellation of the T-46 program in 1986, further development of the engine ceased, and with it the civil TFE109 version.

## Variants
### ATE109

    The Advanced Technology Engine (ATE) turboshaft, which was built jointly with Allison for the Light Helicopter Experimental (LHX) powerplant program and included the F109 power section.

### TSE109

    A turboshaft demonstrator in the 1,200 shaft horsepower (890 kilowatts) power class that first ran on August 2, 1984.

### TFE109

    The civil version of the F109.

### F109-GA-100

    The full military designation for the TFE109 turbofan.

## Applications

* Fairchild T-46
* Promavia Jet Squalus

## Specifications
#### General characteristics

* Type: Turbofan
* Length: 942 mm (37.1 in)
* Diameter: 523 mm (20.6 in)
* Dry weight: 182 kg (400 lb)

#### Components

* Compressor: Dual high pressure centrifugal, driven off high pressure turbine.
* Combustors: Annular
* Fuel type: JET A

#### Performance

* Maximum thrust: (Max takeoff) 5.92 kN (1,330 lb st), (max continuous at 9,145 M/30,000 ft at Mach 0.5) 1.78 kN (400 lb st)
* Specific fuel consumption: (At max takeoff) 11.10 mg/Ns (0.392 lb/hr/lb st)
* Thrust-to-weight ratio: 3.33 (max takeoff), 1 (max continuous at 30,000 feet (9,100 m) at Mach 0.5)