OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Edward C. Post

Edward Church Post (September 9, 1845 – July 5, 1915) was an American heir and art collector who was prominent in New York society during the Gilded Age.

## Early life

Post was born in Paris, France on September 9, 1845. He was the son of Edward Post (1823–1851), a graduate of New York University, and Clementine (née Church) Post (1824–1887). After his father's death in 1851, his mother remarried to his uncle, Wright Eli Post. His sister, Mary Alma Post, died young, and his brother, Frederick Alfred Post, was married to Harriet Bininger (daughter of Abraham Bininger)
His paternal grandparents were Joel Post and Alma (née Floyd) Post, who was a sister of U.S. Representative Charles A. Floyd. Besides his stepfather, who was his uncle, his paternal aunt was Anne (née Post) Livermore. His uncle John Alexander Post married Adeline Forbes. They lived at and were buried at Pau, France, where their eldest son, John Morris Post, served as American vice-consul. Their youngest son, Alexander Post, married Elizabeth Wadsworth, the daughter of General James S. Wadsworth. His maternal grandparents were Captain William Church and Abigail (née Mauran) Church. His maternal aunt, Abby Mauran Church, was married his paternal uncle, Joel Browne Post, the parents of architect George B. Post, Edward's first cousin.

## Society life

In 1882, Post moved to America to reside permanently. In 1892, Post, who had yet to marry, was included in Ward McAllister's "Four Hundred", purported to be an index of New York's best families, published in The New York Times. Conveniently, 400 was the number of people that could fit into Mrs. Astor's ballroom. Post was a member of the Knickerbocker Club, the Century Club, the New York Yacht Club, the Newport Reading Room and the Clambake Club of Newport.
Post was an avid collector of art, including paintings (including a portrait of Marie Thérèse de Bourbon likely by Jean Petitot), drawings, miniatures, and objects in gold, silver, enamel, marble and bronze. After his death, his collection was donated to the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York.

## Personal life

In 1895, Post was married to Emilie Thorn King (d. 1948). Emilie was the daughter of Edward King and Emma Sophia (née Thorn) King, the niece of William Knapp Thorn Jr. and the granddaughter of Emily Almira (née Vanderbilt) Thorn (a daughter of Commodore Cornelius Vanderbilt). They maintained a home in New York City, at 350 West End Avenue, and one in Newport, Rhode Island on, known as "Needwood" on Parker Avenue.
Post died from complications affecting his heart at his home in Newport on Bellevue Court on July 5, 1915. His funeral was held at Emmanuel Church and he was buried at Woodlawn Cemetery in the Bronx. His widow converted to the Catholic faith in 1912, and later donated her Newport home, named Stoneleigh on Narragansett Avenue, to the Father General of the Carmelite order for use as a monastery in 1930, after which Father Paschasius, master of its House of Novices at New Orleans became the spiritual director of the monastery. Mrs. Post died at her home in Buckfast, Devonshire, England in March 1948.
# Edward C. Rochette

Edward Charles Rochette, Jr. (February 17, 1927 – January 18, 2018) devoted nearly all of his adult life in service to the American Numismatic Association. His first exposure to the ANA was as an editor of The Numismatist from 1966 to 1972. From 1966-86 he served as executive vice president. In 1987 he was elected to the ANA Board of Governors, and would serve as its president from 1991 to 1993. He returned to a staff position in 1998 and served as the executive director at the turn of the century.

## Literary career

Rochette has written a variety of numismatic books, including The Romance of Coin Collecting, Medallic Portraits of John F. Kennedy and Making Money: Rogues and Rascals Who've Made Their Own. Another aspect of his writing career included a weekly coin column that was nationally syndicated by the Los Angeles Times. Another column was contributed to COINage magazine, and he contributed to a monthly column in The Numismatist, "The Other Side of the Coin". A book of the same name, collecting a number of his columns, was published in 1985.
Before joining the staff of the American Numismatic Association, he served as executive editor of Numismatic News. He has been the recipient of the Numismatic Literary Guild's coveted Clemy Award and the Sandra Rae Mishler gold medal for original research.
He was instrumental in developing the International Olympic Committee's (IOC) numismatic exhibit at the IOC's museum in Lausanne, Switzerland. He also served as a numismatic consultant to the United States Olympic Committee and the United States Air Force Academy.
Rochette died January 18, 2018, at the age of 90 in Colorado Springs, Colorado.

## Numismatic honors

Rochette is a recipient of various honours, including the ANA Glenn Smedley Memorial Award, Lifetime Achievement Award, Medal of Merit, and the Association's highest honor, the Farran Zerbe Memorial Award in 1987 for Distinguished Service. In 2005, the ANA named their museum in his honor.
# Farampator

Farampator (developmental code names CX-691, ORG-24448, SCH-900460) is an ampakine drug. It was developed by Cortex Pharmaceuticals, and licensed to Organon BioSciences for commercial development. Following the purchase of Organon by Schering-Plough in 2007, the development license to farampator was transferred. The development of farampator was eventually terminated, reportedly due to concerns about cardiac toxicity.
Farampator has been investigated for its effect on AMPA receptors and researched for potential use in the treatment of schizophrenia and Alzheimer's disease. It was found to improve short-term memory, but impaired episodic memory. It produced side effects such as headache, somnolence and nausea. Subjects reporting side effects had significantly higher plasma levels of farampator than subjects without. Additional analyses revealed that in the farampator condition the group without side effects showed a significantly superior memory performance relative to the group with side effects.
# Elbrook Formation

The Elbrook Formation is a geologic formation in West Virginia, Maryland, and Pennsylvania. It dates back to the Cambrian period. Fossils of trilobite fragments have been discovered, but they are rare. The Elbrook Formation is not considered fossiliferous.
* Earth sciences portal
* Paleontology portal
# BL 8-inch howitzer

BL 8-inch howitzer can refer to either of two types of British heavy gun:
* BL 8-inch howitzer Mk I–V
* BL 8-inch howitzer Mk VI – VIII
# Elachista antipetra

Elachista antipetra is a moth in the family Elachistidae. It was described by Edward Meyrick in 1922. It is found in India.
The wingspan is about 6 mm.
# BMF (gene)

Bcl-2-modifying factor is a protein that in humans is encoded by the BMF gene.
The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the BCL2 protein family. BCL2 family members form hetero- or homodimers and act as anti- or pro-apoptotic regulators that are involved in a wide variety of cellular activities. This protein contains a single BCL2 homology domain 3 (BH3), and has been shown to bind BCL2 proteins and function as an apoptotic activator. This protein is found to be sequestered to myosin V motors by its association with dynein light chain 2, which may be important for sensing intracellular damage and triggering apoptosis. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been identified.

## Interactions

BMF (gene) has been shown to interact with Bcl-2 and DYNLL2.
# Esquieu de Floyran

Esquieu de Floyran (Floyrac or Foyrac) was a prior of Montfaucon in the Abbey of Saint Martial in Limoges.
Native from Béziers, he spoke falsely and disloyally against the order of the Temple, and so became a traitor with Guillaume Robert, Bernard Pelet and Gérard de Boyzol. He then was imprisoned.
In 1308 he wrote a letter to the king of Aragon James II reminding him that when he visited him in Lerida in early 1305 he had given information about the order. Ponsard de Gizy, commanderie de Payns, mentioned him on 27 November 1309 as one of the detonators of the Trials of the Knights Templar.
# Doona trapezifolia

Doona trapezifolia, known as තිනිය දුන් (tiniya dun) in Sinhala, is a species of flowering plant in the family Dipterocarpaceae. It is a tree endemic to Sri Lanka. It is native to the remaining lowland rain forests and sometimes montane rain forests in southwestern Sri Lanka, usually on deep soils.
# Mecyclothorax rectangulus

Mecyclothorax rectangulus is a species of ground beetle in the subfamily Psydrinae. It was described by Louwerens in 1953.
# Lakshmi Barrage

The Lakshmi Barrage, also known as the Medigadda Barrage is the starting point of the proposed Kaleshwaram Project which envisages construction of three barrages between Yellampally & Medigadda. Its objective is to utilize Godavari water for drinking and irrigation. The Barrage/Project site is located at Medigadda Village, Mahadevpur Mandal, Jayashankar Bhupalpally district in Telangana State, India.
Proposed Barrage Details:
| Barrage | Bed Level (meters) | Pond Level (meters) | Gross Storage (in TMC) | Number of Gates |
| Medigadda Barrage | 89.0 | 100.0 | 16.17 | 85 |

## Project info

A memorandum of understanding was signed by states of Maharashtra and Telangana, as part of which, Chanaka-Korata Barrage on Painganga River, Tummidihatti Barrage on Pranhita River and Lakshmi Barrage on Godavari River will be constructed.
Medigadda Barrage foundation was laid by First Chief Minister of Telangana, K.Chandrashekar Rao on 2 May 2016.
The project started by Telangana govt as part of the Kaleshwaram Lift Irrigation Schema to irrigate the 1,850,000 acres (750,000 ha) of new land and stabilize the 1,180,000 acres (480,000 ha) of existing irrigated land.

## Incidents

A pillar of Lakshmi Barrage, also known as the Medigadda Barrage, part of Kaleshwaram Lift Irrigation Schema, sank due to reported heavy inflow on the night of Saturday October 21, 2023. Engineering staff reported that pillar number 19 of 1.6km barrage suffered damage causing a portion of bridge to sag. Apart from pillar 19, pillar 20 and 21 also developed cracks.
# Donja Međiđa

Donja Međiđa is a village in the municipality of Gradačac, Bosnia and Herzegovina.

## Demographics

According to the 2013 census, its population was 1,353.
Ethnicity in 2013 :
| Ethnicity | Number | Percentage |
| Bosniaks | 1,336 | 98.7% |
| Croats | 1 | 0.1% |
| other/undeclared | 16 | 1.2% |
| Total | 1,353 | 100% |
# Henna-capped foliage-gleaner

The henna-capped foliage-gleaner or chestnut-capped foliage-gleaner (Clibanornis rectirostris) is a species of bird in the Furnariinae subfamily of the ovenbird family Furnariidae. It is found in Brazil and Paraguay.

## Taxonomy and systematics

The henna-capped foliage-gleaner has previously been placed in genera Automolus and Hypocryptus but genetic data place it firmly in Clibanornis. It and the canebrake groundcreeper (c. dendrocolaptoides) are sister species.
The henna-capped foliage-gleaner is monotypic.

## Description

The henna-capped foliage-gleaner is 20 to 21 cm (7.9 to 8.3 in) long and weighs 44 to 51 g (1.6 to 1.8 oz). It is a largish furnariid with a long almost straight bill. The sexes have the same plumage. Adults have a chestnut face with a light rufous moustacial area. Their crown is chestnut that becomes a slightly paler reddish chestnut collar and a rich ochraceous brown back and rump. Their uppertail coverts are chestnut. Their wings are mostly dark rufous and their tail chestnut. Their throat is pale rufous that becomes slightly darker on their breast and belly. Their flanks are darker rufescent brown and their undertail coverts reddish-rufous.Their iris is sulphur-yellow, their bill dark gray with a paler base to the mandible, and their legs and feet grayish.

## Distribution and habitat

The henna-capped foliage-gleaner is found in south-central Brazil between the states of Mato Grosso, Bahia, and Paraná and into eastern Paraguay's San Pedro Department. It inhabits gallery forest and also deciduous woodlands at elevations between 200 and 1,000 m (700 and 3,300 ft).

## Behavior
### Movement

The henna-capped foliage-gleaner is a year-round resident throughout its range.

### Feeding

The henna-capped foliage-gleaner feeds on arthropods. It forages mostly by itself or in pairs and is thought to occasionally join mixed-species feeding flocks. It is mostly terrestrial and gleans its prey from the ground and leaf litter.

### Breeding

The henna-capped foliage-gleaner is assumed to be monogamous. It makes a nest of dry grass and leaves in a tunnel it excavates in an earthen bank. Nothing else is known about its breeding biology.
* Songs and calls
* Listen to henna-capped foliage-gleaner on xeno-canto

### Vocalization

The henna-capped foliage-gleaner's call is a "dry, cackling 'kjep -kjep - -". Its song is like the call "but accelerating to a rattle, in total lasting 2-3 sec."

## Status

The IUCN originally in 1988 assessed the henna-capped foliage-gleaner as Near Threatened but since 2000 has rated it as being of Least Concern. It has a fairly large range but its population size is not known and is believed to be decreasing. "The species is presumably threatened by selective logging and agricultural conversion of forested areas within the Brazilian planalto, and more information is required regarding population size and trends." It is rather poorly known and considered rare to uncommon.
# Aristida basiramea

Aristida basiramea, the forked three-awn, is a species of grass in the family Poaceae native to North America. The specific epithet basiramea means "branching from base".

## Description

Aristida basiramea is an annual grass and freely branches from the base, reaching 2–6 dm (7.9–23.6 in) in height. The wiry culms are sparingly branched. The narrow leaves of the grass are flat and become involute towards their tip. The panicles are borne in the basal sheathes. The glabrous glumes at the base of the spikelets gradually taper to a point, averaging from 1–1.5 cm (0.39–0.59 in) in length. The glumes have a single vein and are unequal in length. The lemma, excluding the awns, is approximately 1 cm (0.39 in) long. The delicate lateral awns are 5–10 mm (0.20–0.39 in) in length and can be erect or spreading. The middle awn is much longer and stouter, being 1–1.5 cm (0.39–0.59 in) long, and loosely spirals when dry. The spikelets are light brown when mature. The seeds are chestnut brown and 6–7 mm (0.24–0.28 in) long.
The grass flowers from August to October.

## Habitat and distribution

Aristida basiramea is endemic to North America, particularly the midwest, though outliers in distribution include as far south as Texas and as far east as Maine. The grass is rare in Canada, only found in southern Ontario and Quebec. The grass is not found any farther north than the upper peninsula of Michigan.
The species grows in weedy conditions such as roadsides or pastures and will often grow in pine barrens. In Canada the grass can be found occasionally in open and dry sand ridges or dunes. It prefers dry or sandy soil and warm climates, though it is the hardiest member of its genus.

## Ecology

Despite being a poor forage grass as well as being harmful to grazing animals due to its calli, Aristida basiramea is an important source of forage in springtime, especially in its western distribution. Small mammals and quail will eat the hardy seeds.

## Conservation

In Canada, Aristida basiramea is threatened by the decline and fragmentation of its sandy habitat. Prevention of fire in particular endangers the habitat of the species, as fire no longer maintains natural succession of the sand ridges. The greater competition arising from lack of wildfires in particular threatens the species. The glossy buckthorn, the spotted knapweed, and the white sweet clover are all invasive species which threaten the grass.
# Leonhard Ennen

Leonhard Ennen, also spelled Leonard Ennen, (5 March 1820 – 14 June 1880) was a German theologian, historian and archivist born in Schleiden, in the Eifel region of modern-day Germany. He is remembered for his writings on the history of Cologne.

## Family and education

Leonhard Ennen's parents were simple farmers, the equivalent of sharecroppers in German agricultural society. From 1841 to 1844 he studied theology and philosophy at the University of Münster and the University of Bonn. Following his ordination, he served as vicar and head of the upper Stadtschule, city school, in Königswinter am Rhein, and he remained in this position from 1845 to 1857.

## Archive development

While teaching at the school, he became interested in the history of Cologne. In 1849 his Geschichte der Reformation im Bereiche der alten Erzdiözese Köln appeared, in which he examined the impact of the Reformation on the archdiocese of Cologne. He followed this with his Der spanische Erbfolgekrieg und der Churfürst Joseph Clemens von Köln, a study of the War of the Spanish Succession and the role the Elector Joseph Clemens played in this contest, published in 1851. His superiors at the education ministry sent him to Paris, to study archive development and management: the fruit of this study, Frankreich und der Niederrhein, oder Geschichte von Stadt und Kurstaat Köln seit dem 30jährigen Kriege bis zur französischen Occupation, appeared in two volumes in 1855 and 1856. This study of France's relationship with the states of the lower Rhine during the Thirty Years War attracted attention to his talents as an historian, and on 1 August 1857 he was appointed director of the Historisches Archiv der Stadt Köln (Historical Archive of the City of Cologne).
With other historians, notably Anton Fahne (1805–1883), he helped to found the Historischen Verein für den Niederrhein (Historical Society of the Lower Rhine) in 1854, and served as the society's first secretary. He continued to identify, categorize, and publish volumes on the sources and documents of the history of Cologne. He died in Cologne on 14 July 1880.

## Selected publications

* Geschichte der Reformation im Bereich der alten Erzdiözese (History of the Reformation in the Domain of the Ancient Archdiocese of Cologne), 1847
* Frankreich und der Niederrhein (France and the Lower Rhine); two volumes, 1856
* Zeitbilder aus der neuern Geschichte der Stadt Köln, mit besonderer Beziehung auf Ferdinand Franz Wallraf (Pictures from the Newer History of the City of Cologne, with special reference to Ferdinand Franz Wallraf), 1857
* Quellen zur Geschichte der Stadt Köln (Sources for the History of the City of Cologne); volumes 1–6, 1850–79
* Geschichte der Stadt Köln (History of the City of Cologne); five volumes, 1863–75
* Bilder vom alten Köln: Stadtansichten d. 15. bis 18. Jahrhundert u. Beschreibung d. Zustände vom Mittelalter bis nach d. Franzosenzeit (Pictures of old Cologne: City Views from the 15th to 18th century, etc.)
# Dryopithecini

Dryopithecini is an extinct tribe of Eurasian and African great apes that are believed to be close to the ancestry of gorillas, chimpanzees and humans. Members of this tribe are known as dryopithecines.

## Taxonomy

* Tribe Dryopithecini†
** Kenyapithecus (?)
*** Kenyapithecus wickeri
** Danuvius
*** Danuvius guggenmosi
** Ouranopithecus
*** Ouranopithecus macedoniensis
*** Ouranopithecus turkae
** Otavipithecus (?)
*** Otavipithecus namibiensis
** Oreopithecus (?)
*** Oreopithecus bambolii
** Nakalipithecus
*** Nakalipithecus nakayamai
** Anoiapithecus
*** Anoiapithecus brevirostris
** Dryopithecus
*** Dryopithecus fontani
** Hispanopithecus (?)
*** Hispanopithecus laietanus
*** Hispanopithecus crusafonti
** Pierolapithecus
*** Pierolapithecus catalaunicus
** Rudapithecus (?)
*** Rudapithecus hungaricus
** Samburupithecus
*** Samburupithecus kiptalami
** Griphopithecus (?)
*** Griphopithecus alpani
*** Griphopithecus suessi
# Aredo FM

Aredo FM (Arabic: اذاعة اريدو; ) is an Iraqi public radio station but mainly an Arabic-speaking station, broadcasting in many locations throughout the Middle East on AM and FM from Baghdad. It was founded in 2008.

## History

Aredo FM started broadcasting in 2008, and Signing a training agreement with Radio Aredo FM – Union Center for Media Training.
# Aredius of Gap

Aredius of Gap (Arigius, Arey) (c. 575, Chalon-sur-Saône – c. 605) was bishop of Gap.
He is a Catholic and Orthodox saint, with feast day May 1.
# Homoeotricha

Homoeotricha is a genus of tephritid or fruit flies in the family Tephritidae.

## Species

* Homoeotricha arisanica (Shiraki, 1933)
* Homoeotricha atrata (Wang, 1990)
* Homoeotricha brevicornis (Chen, 1938)
* Homoeotricha leporis Korneyev, 1993
* Homoeotricha longipennis (Shiraki, 1933)
* Homoeotricha omnistellata Ito, 2011
* Homoeotricha procusa (Dirlbek & Dirlbeková, 1971)
# Argyrobrithes

Argyrobrithes is a genus of flies in the family Stratiomyidae.

## Species

* Argyrobrithes albopilosus (Meijere, 1907)
* Argyrobrithes argentifer (Kertész, 1914)
* Argyrobrithes curtilamellata (Lindner, 1966)
* Argyrobrithes fuscicornis (Bezzi, 1914)
* Argyrobrithes infera (Walker, 1856)
* Argyrobrithes insularis Kertész, 1921
* Argyrobrithes separatus (Meijere, 1907)
* Argyrobrithes zernyi Lindner, 1943
# Duan Shijie

Duan Shijie (Chinese: 段世杰; born 1952, in Jinzhou) is a Chinese sports official.

## Biography

After graduating from the Capital University of Physical Education And Sports with a degree in gymnastics, Duan Shijie entered the workforce in September 1969 and subsequently joined the Chinese Communist Party in November 1974. He assumed the roles of vice chairman of the China Athletics Association and director of the Athletics Management Center of the State General Administration of Sports of the People's Republic of China in 1997. He was appointed deputy director of the General Administration of Sports in 1999 and was appointed chairman of the China Athletics Association in 2002. In 2012, he was appointed as the Chinese Communist Party Committee Secretary of the General Administration of Sports of China. He was terminated from his position as deputy director of the General Administration of Sport of China in March 2013.
# Dosco

Dosco can refer to :
* Doon School alumni, or Doscos
* Dominion Steel and Coal Corporation, or DOSCO
# Dose

Dose or Dosage may refer to:

## Music

* Dose (Gov't Mule album), 1998
* Dose (Latin Playboys album)
* Dosage (album), by the band Collective Soul
* "Dose" (song), a 2018 song by Ciara
* "Dose", song by Filter from the album Short Bus

## Science

* Dose (biochemistry), a measured quantity of a medicine, nutrient, or pathogen which is delivered as a unit.
* Dosage (pharmacology), prescribed regimen of medication administration, including amount, frequency, and duration
* Dosage form, a mixture of active and inactive components used to administer a medication
* Dosing, feeding chemicals or medicines when used in small quantities
* Effective dose (pharmacology), a dose or concentration of a drug that produces a biological response
* Absorbed dose, a measure of energy deposited in matter from ionizing radiation
* Equivalent dose, a measure of cancer/heritable health risk in tissue from ionizing radiation
* Effective dose (radiation), a measure of cancer/heritable health risk to the whole body from ionizing radiation
* Median lethal dose, a measure of the lethal dose of a chemical agent, toxin, radiation, or pathogen
* DOSE, an acronym for dopamine, oxytocin, serotonin, and endorphins, the four main chemicals associated with happiness in humans

## Other

* Dosa or dose, a thin pancake or crepe originating from South India
* Dose (magazine), a free daily Canadian magazine
* Döse, town in Lower Saxony, Germany
* Gerd Dose (1942–2010), professor of English literature at the University of Hamburg