OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Black Pope (disambiguation)

Black Pope is the nickname of the Superior General of the Society of Jesus.
Black Pope or The Black Pope may also refer to:
* Giulio Andreotti (1919–2013), Italian politician and prime minister of Italy nicknamed "The Black Pope"
* Anton LaVey (1930–1997), American author, musician, occultist, and founder of the Church of Satan labeled "The Black Pope"
* "Papa Nero" (song) or "Black Pope", a song by Pitura Freska
* Black Pope, a villain in The Order, a 2003 film
* The Black Pope, a novel by John Maddox Roberts
* The Black Pope: History of the Jesuits, a book by Margaret Anna Cusack
* Elijah Burke, American professional wrestler who used "Black Pope" as a nickname
# Ericameria palmeri

Ericameria palmeri, or Palmer's goldenbush, is a North American species of flowering shrubs in the family Asteraceae. It is native to southern California in the United States and to the state of Baja California in Mexico.
Ericameria palmeri is a branching shrub sometimes as much as 400 cm (over 13 feet) tall. Leaves are linear to narrowly oblanceolate. One plant can produce many small, yellow flower heads, each containing 2–8 ray florets and 6–20 disc florets.

## Varieties

* Ericameria palmeri var. pachylepis (H.M.Hall) G.L.Nesom - California from northern San Diego County north to Kern and San Luis Obispo Counties
* Ericameria palmeri var. palmeri - northern Baja California; California (San Diego Co, Orange Co, western Riverside Co, southwestern San Bernardino Co; isolated populations north of Calabasas in Los Angeles Co and southeast of Lake Isabella in Kern Co)
# Ericameria watsonii

Ericameria watsonii, or Watson's goldenbush, is a North American species of flowering shrubs from the family Asteraceae. It is native to the states of Nevada, Utah, and Arizona in the southwestern United States.
Ericameria watsonii is a branching shrub up to 40 cm (16 inches) tall, the stems green when young but become reddish-brown as they get old. Flower heads are yellow, with both ray florets and disc florets. It grows in desert scrublands, rocky slopes, and open pine woodlands.
# Amselina africana

Amselina africana is a moth in the family Autostichidae. It was described by László Anthony Gozmány in 2008. It is found in Tunisia.
# Black Gold (Nina Simone album)

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Allmusic | ? |
Black Gold is a live album by American jazz musician Nina Simone recorded in 1969 at the Philharmonic Hall, New York City. She got a 1971 nomination for a Grammy Award for Best Female R&B Vocal Performance, but lost to Aretha Franklin's cover of "Don't Play That Song".
The album is especially notable because it features the civil rights anthem song "To Be Young, Gifted and Black". The performance that night also included a calypso version of Leonard Cohen's "Suzanne" (which Simone had recorded on To Love Somebody), but there was no room for it on the album.
With the release of the album also came an LP called Come Together with Nina Simone. It was a recorded interview about the album. The questions were provided in written form, so that radio DJs could ask the questions and play Simone's recorded answers, as if she were in the studio.

## Personnel

* Nina Simone – piano, vocals, arrangements
* Emile Latimer – guitar, vocals on "Black Is the Color of My True Love's Hair"
* Tom Smith – guitar
* Weldon Irvine – organ
* Don Alias – drums, percussion
* Jumma Santos – congas, percussion

### Technical

* Ed Begley - recording engineer
* Jack Medkiff - cover design

## Charts

| Chart (1970) | Peak position |
| US Billboard 200 | 149 |
| US Hot R&B LPs | 21 |
# Black Stitchel

Black Stitchel is the popular name of a conical hill, located in the parish of Hepple, Northumberland, in the region known as Bishop's Waltham Moors.
The hill inspired a poem by Wilfrid Wilson Gibson, published in his 1918 collection, Whin. It was set to music in 1920 by Gibson's friend Ivor Gurney and has become part of the baritone's concert repertoire The Listener said that, in this song, "Wilfrid Gibson's lines are given an exact counterpart of freedom and intimacy". It was one of several of Gibson's poems set by Gurney. The song has been recorded by Roderick Williams, Michael George and others. Another setting was composed by John Jeffreys for tenor and has been recorded by Ian Bostridge.
# Black Stations/White Stations

"Black Stations/White Stations" is a song recorded by the Canadian group Martha and the Muffins in 1984 from the album Mystery Walk under the shortened name M+M. The track was the first single to be released after the act became a duo consisting of lead singer Martha Johnson and group founder Mark Gane (hence the shortened name, with the first letter of their first names). The single is a departure from the new wave genre, with emphasis this time around on a dance/funk direction, which featured brothers Randy & Michael Brecker and Wayne Mills on horns.
The song's music video was directed by Robert Fresco.

## Background

The song's title deals with the subject of racism in the radio industry, at a time when more cutting-edged songs and the radio stations in general were starting to open up to newer formats like rhythmic contemporary, which genre this song predates. It also took on how station policies dictates what can or can not be played on air. This was evidenced by Johnson, who recalled how a radio station refused to play a song about an interracial relationship. That experience prompted Johnson and Gane to write about their feelings over this practice by recalling the events, in which they use lyrics like "I dream in Black and White" and call for stations in general to "Stand Up and Face the Music/This Is 1984!"
The single was also controversial in its own right, as radio stations avoided playing the single because of the song's title and lyrics despite being a modest hit in Canada, where it reached No. 26. In the United States, the single peaked at No. 63 on the Billboard Hot 100 chart and No. 2 on the Dance/Disco chart, where it reached number 2 in 1984.

## Charts

| Chart (1984) | Peak position |
| Canadian RPM Top 100 | 26 |
| Canadian CHUM Chart | 11 |
| UK Singles Chart | 46 |
| US Billboard Hot 100 | 63 |
| US Dance/Disco Top 80 (Billboard) | 2 |
# Black Stick

"Black Stick" is a 1993 song from Australian rock band The Cruel Sea. The song was released in March 1993 as the lead single from the band's third studio album, The Honeymoon Is Over. It peaked at number 25 on the ARIA Charts.
At the ARIA Music Awards of 1994, the song was nominated for ARIA Award for Best Song but lost out to "The Honeymoon is Over".
"Black Stick" was polled a number 21 in the Triple J Hottest 100, 1993, the second highest placing by an Australian act after their own song, "The Honeymoon is Over".
Tony Cohen said, "I was mixing the same song for three days, perfecting it, and it worked. It was a hit. They [later] said, 'Sorry, now we understand what you were trying to do.' I was just trying to make it so radio friendly, they had to play it, and it worked. The apologies were gracefully accepted."
One song on the B-side, "Crab Stick", is an instrumental version of the A-side. "High Sheriff of Calhoun Parish" is a cover of a Tony Joe White song that spent 18 weeks in the Australian charts in 1970. "Momma Killed a Chicken" is John Lee Hooker's arrangement of a traditional blues song most commonly known by the title "Bottle Up and Go". Both covers were produced by The Cruel Sea and Brett Stanton, who was the assistant engineer on the main song.

## Reception

Reviewed in Australian rock magazine Juke at the time of release, it was claimed that, "Adding a syncopated rhythm groove to their already stunning, subtle, string-driven post-spaghetti-western soundscape, this unique musical entity continue their evolution into excellence." The Age called it, "a rap-surf gem."
Woroni said the song, "swaps Tex's usually aggressive sexual persona for an ambiguous, possibly auto-erotic tour over his body (legs like towers, heart as a muscle etc). Meanwhile, the band's usual lean guitar lines are fleshed out with a semi-Latin twist and a swinging rhythm which makes them sound like the house band at the Copacabana. This, by the way, is a compliment."

## Track listing

* "Black Stick"
* "High Sheriff of Calhoun Parish"
* "Momma Killed a Chicken"
* "Crab Stick"

## Charts

| Chart (1993) | Peak position |
| Australia (ARIA) | 25 |
# Encantadia (disambiguation)

Encantadia is a Filipino media franchise. Encantadia may also refer to:
* Encantadia (2005 TV series), a 2005 fantasy series produced by GMA Network
* Encantadia (2016 TV series), a 2016 reboot/sequel series of the same title
# Encantado

Encantado (Portuguese for "charmed") may refer to:

## Places

* Encantado, Rio de Janeiro, a neighbourhood in Rio de Janeiro city, Brazil
* Encantado, Rio Grande do Sul, a city in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
* Encantado River, a river in Paraná, Brazil
* Encantado, New Mexico, a community in the United States

## Other uses

* Encantado (album), an album by Brazilian dance group System 7
* Encantado (mythology), a mythical river dolphin in Brazilian culture
# Amphitorna excisa

Amphitorna excisa is a moth in the family Drepanidae. It was described by William Warren in 1897. It is found in Borneo, Peninsular Malaysia and Sumatra.
The wingspan is about 26 mm. The forewings are rufous fawn with a few brown striae. The lines are dark brown, the first from the costa shortly before the middle, acutely angled close to the costa, then oblique to near the base of the inner margin. The second from just beyond the middle, running obliquely outwards, with two bright brown velvety blotches on it, acutely angled outwards and incurved to near the middle of the inner margin. There is a minute white cell-dot. The hindwings have a whitish costal area and a fine slightly curved central brown line, with a dark brown cloud beyond it.
# Amphitragulus

Amphitragulus is an extinct genus of Artiodactyla, endemic to Europe during the early Miocene. It has been found in Aragon (Spain), Ronheim (Germany), Sardinia (Italy), France and Kazakhstan and range from 33 - 15.97 million years old.
# Gamma-minimax inference

In the statistical decision theory, where one is faced with making decisions in the presence of statistical knowledge, Γ-minimax inference is a minimax approach used to deal with partial prior information. It works with applications of Γ-minimax to statistical estimation, and contains Γ-minimax theory, used to pick applicable decision rules to use when given partial prior information about the distribution of an unknown parameter. The decision rule selected must be the one that minimizes the supremum of the payoff over the priors in Γ, with Bayes and regret risk prioritized in a frequentist approach, and posterior expected loss and regret prioritized in a Bayesian one.

## History

The Γ-minimax principle has been discussed and proposed before by Herbert Robbins. and I. J. Good to deal with instances of partial prior information that can arise from the minimax approach pioneered by Abraham Wald.
# Engapuzha

Engapuzha is a small town in Kozhikode district in the state of Kerala, India.

## Demographics

As of 2001 India census, Engapuzha had a population of 18,205 with 8,944 males and 9,261 females.

## Bus station

Engapuzha bus station has the distinction of being built right on a river. The town of Engapuzha is crowded and traffic snarls are a constant issue. Engapuzha connects to neighboring places like Payona, Nalekra, Poolod, Kunhukulam, Kakavayal, Karikulam Kuppayakode, Aachi, Kalpetta, Parapenpara, Kanchamvayal, Choyod, Kolamala, Thamarassery and Kodenchery.

## Transportation

This village connects to other parts of India through Calicut city on the west and Thamarassery town on the west. NH 66 passes through Kozhikode and the northern stretch connects to Mangalore, Goa and Mumbai. The southern stretch connects to Cochin and Trivandrum. The eastern NH 766 going through Adivaram connects to Kalpetta, Mysore and Bangalore. The nearest airports are at Kannur and Kozhikode. The nearest railway station is at Kozhikode.

## Places
### Payona

Payona is a small town 2 kilometres (1.2 mi) from Engapuzha town. Nowadays more houses are built in the area and the area is developing as a younger generation has acquired good educational qualifications and is working or doing business. The main sources of income are agriculture and animal rearing.

### Nalekra

Nalekra is a small place towards south from Engapuzha town. It takes 10 minutes walk to reach Nalekra and there are at least 20 families staying in this area. Known personalities like Karimbayil Alikunhi Haji (late) is one of the early settlers in the area. He and his family settled from Palakutty (Koduvally) during mid 1950s. During that time the place was with three or four families only. In the beginning he focused on coconut plantation and animal rearing. Nalekra is surrounded by mainly coconut trees, limited paddy fields, and rubber plantations. People’s main source of income is from agriculture and animal rearing.

### Mammunippadi

Mammunippadi is 2 kilometres (1.2 mi) away from Engapuzha while travelling through Engapuzha-Kodechery road. It's a small village, where most of the people are engaged in agriculture. Mostly rubber, paddy, coconut, and arecanut are cultivated here.
Poolode
Kanjamvayal
# Black Jesus Voice

Black Jesus Voice is a solo album by Richard H. Kirk, released by Rough Trade Records in 1986. The album was also released on cassette doubled up with Kirk's Ugly Spirit album. In 1995, The Grey Area (Mute) re-released the CD.

## Track listing

* "Streetgang (It Really Hurts)"
* "Hipnotic"
* "Boom Shala"
* "Black Jesus Voice"
* "Martyrs of Palestine"
* "This Is the H-Bomb Sound"
* "Short Wave"

## Personnel

* Richard H. Kirk: All vocals and instruments.
* Produced and recorded by Richard H. Kirk
# End (gridiron football)

In gridiron football, an end is a player who lines up at either end of the line of scrimmage, usually beside the tackles. Rules state that a legal offensive formation must always consist of seven players on the line of scrimmage and that the player on the end of the line constitutes an eligible receiver. There are two types on offense: the split end, or wide out, and the tight end. On defense, there is simply the defensive end. It is also used in terminology such as an end run.

## History

Before the advent of two platoons, in which teams fielded distinct defensive and offensive units, players that lined up on the ends of the line on both offense and defense were referred to simply as "ends". The position was used in this sense until roughly the 1960s.
On offense, an end who lines up close to the other linemen is known as a tight end and is the only lineman who aside from blocking can run or catch passes. One who lines up some distance from the offensive line is known as a split end. In recent years and the proliferation of the forward pass, the term wide receiver covers both split ends and flankers (wide receivers who line up in split positions but behind the line of scrimmage). The terms “split end” and “flanker” are often replaced today with terms like "X" and "Z" receivers. Bill Carpenter was the first "Lonesome end".
On defense, there is a commonly used position called the defensive end. Its primary role is to rush the passer, as well as to stop offensive runs to the outer edges of the line of scrimmage (most often referred to as "containment"). However, as there are no rules regulating the formation of the defense, players at this position commonly take on and share multiple roles with other positions in different defensive schemes.

## Greats

Don Hutson of the Alabama Crimson Tide and the Green Bay Packers is considered one of the sport's greatest at the end position. The self-described "other end" opposite Hutson in college at Alabama was legendary coach Bear Bryant. Gaynell Tinsley was another prominent end of Hutson's time. Amos Alonzo Stagg of Yale and Arthur Cumnock of Harvard were ends on the first All-America team. Stagg went on to a Hall of Fame coaching career; some called Cumnock "the greatest Harvard player of all time." Mike Ditka and Ron Sellers were some of the last to play the position in college.
# Eric Ogden (politician)

Eric Ogden (23 August 1923 – 5 May 1997) was a British Labour Party politician.

## Early life

Eric Ogden was a miner and studied at the Wigan and District Mining and Technical College.

## Political career

He served as a Liverpool Borough Councillor for the ward of Croxteth from 1959 to his selection as the parliamentary candidate for West Derby. He was selected by over 80% of the West Derby constituency party to stand for election he defeated future MP Robert Parry.
He was originally elected Labour Member of Parliament (MP) for Liverpool West Derby at the 1964 general election and served his constituency until deselected in June 1981. He was among the Labour MPs who defected to the new Social Democratic Party in October 1981. At the 1983 general election, he sought re-election but came third with 18% of the vote while the Labour candidate Robert Wareing won. It was a time of intense political change and Eric no longer thought that the party he joined was any longer true to the political principles he believed in. He was a member of the Stamps Advisory Committee and Chairman of the Falkland Islands Association (he visited the Islands on at least three separate occasions before and after the Falklands War).

## Personal life

He enjoyed photography and gardening and was a keen independent traveller. He married twice and had a son by his first wife and two sons by his second wife, Marjorie Ogden, who died on 24 March 2010.
# Eric Ogden

Eric Ogden may refer to:
* Eric Ogden (photographer), American photographer
* Eric Ogden (politician) (1923–1997), British politician
# Gandys

Gandys is a social enterprise and clothing brand founded in 2012 in Brixton, London. The company was founded by 2004 Indian Ocean Tsunami survivors Rob and Paul Forkan. Through the sale of their clothing and accessories, Gandys fund the Gandys Foundation, which works to build campuses & provide education for disadvantaged and underprivileged children in underdeveloped nations.

## History

Gandys was launched in 2012 as a flip-flop brand, operating from Rob's flat in Brixton. The products were stocked in over 400 stores, which included Selfridges and Topman. In 2013, they won an award for accessories and footwear design at the WGSN Global Fashion Awards.
In 2014, Rob and Paul published their book, Tsunami Kids, detailing their early life and journey starting their business. 10% of all proceeds of the book are also donated to the Gandys Foundation.
The Gandys brothers have had a number of high-profile collaborations, including Liberty of London, McLaren and The Rolling Stones. Their clothing has been seen on a number of high-profile celebritities, including Prince William, Richard Branson and Jessie J. Their range has since expanded from flip-flops into bags, accessories and clothing.

## Operations

Their headquarters are based in Wimbledon, West London, and operate from their website www.gandyslondon.com and their flagship store in Covent Garden, Central London.
# Eric Anzalone

James Eric Anzalone (born October 6, 1965) is an American singer who was the Leatherman/Biker of the disco supergroup Village People from 1995 to 2017, replacing original member Glenn Hughes.

## Early life and education

Anzalone was born in Dayton, Ohio, but grew up in Watertown, New York, and Santa Barbara, California, graduating from San Marcos High School in 1983. He studied theater and music at the University of Miami and graduated summa cum laude in May 2012 from Arizona State University with a Bachelor's degree in Film and Media, and in 2018 he received a Master's degree in American Media and Popular Culture also from Arizona State.

## Career

Anzalone has performed in various stage productions around the world, including Berger in the European tour of HAIR and as a singer for Princess Cruises. He starred as Donatello in the world tour of the Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles Coming Out of Our Shells and later as Raphael in the films A Turtles' Christmas and Turtle Tunes and in TV programs, including Lifestyles of the Rich & Famous. He also appeared on two episodes of VH1's short-lived series Love Lounge. In June 2012, Anzalone joined Experience Nirvana Productions as host, director, producer, and editor of the webcast TV show What Matters Most, which was featured on YouTube, and was awarded a 2016 Telly Award for Editing; the episode was "Dance for Kindness" about Orly Wahba, founder of Life Vest Inside.
# Gamja-ongsimi

Gamja-ongsimi (감자옹심이) or potato dough soup is a variety of sujebi (hand-pulled dough soup) in Korea's Gangwon cuisine. Both the potato dumplings (or potato balls) and the soup can be referred to as gamja-ongsimi. The juk (porridge) made with potato balls as its ingredient is called gamja-ongsimi-juk, and the kal-guksu (noodle soup) made with the potato balls is called gamja-ongsimi-kal-guksu.

## Etymology and history

Gamja (감자) means potatoes, and ongsimi (옹심이) is a Gangwon dialect word for saealsim (새알심; literally "bird's egg", named for its resemblance to small bird's eggs, possibly quail eggs), which is a type of dough cake ball often made with glutinous rice flour and added to porridges such as patjuk (red bean porridge) and hobak-juk (pumpkin porridge). Originally, gamja-ongsimi was made into small balls as saealsim, but nowadays it is also made into bigger, less globular, and more sujebi (hand-pulled dough)-like shapes.

## Preparation

Potatoes are grated, drained, squeezed, and mixed with the potato starch settled at the bottom of drained water in a bowl. The potato dough is balled into ongsimi, and boiled in anchovy-dasima broth with vegetables such as aehobak (Korean zucchini), shiitake mushrooms, shepherd's purse, and red chili peppers. The soup is often topped with gim-garu (seaweed flakes), toasted sesame seeds, and optionally white and yellow al-gomyeong (egg garnish).

## Gallery

* Gamja-ongsimi (potato dumpling soup)
* Deulkkae-gamja-ongsimi (potato dumpling soup with perilla seed broth)
* Gamja-ongsimi-kal-guksu (potato dumpling and noodle soup)
* Gamja-ongsimi topped with gim-garu (seaweed flakes) and toasted sesame seeds, served in ttukbaegi (earthenware)
# Amnesiac gene

The amnesiac (amn) gene in Drosophila is a mutant suppressor of the dunce gene. The gene produces a neuropeptide of the same name.

## Biological role

By suppressing dunce through mutagenesis, the amnesiac gene plays a role in reproduction of Drosophila because dunce is the sterility gene. This molecule has similar peptides to pituitary adenylyl cyclase-activating peptide (PACAP) and growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH). The biological role of amnesiac gene is activating the adenyl cyclase second messenger pathway (cAMP) involved in its memory retrieval through these two peptides. The sensory and motor capabilities of amnesiac are normal, but it is memory retrieval that is affected, not storage. The amnesiac gene is directly involved in development of memory retrieval in the brain along with alcohol sensitivity patterning.

## Clinical relevance

Defects associated with amnesiac gene include: increased sensitivity to alcohol, normal initial memory, and failure for adult memory formation. Defects associated with amnesiac are due to the behavior of amn as a sex-linked recessive on the X chromosome. An abnormality on one allele of the genetic mutant, amnesiac, that increases sensitivity to alcohol is called cheapdate. Scientists have not generated a knockout model yet for the amnesiac gene due to the mutant effects created on multiple genes along with the need for further research studies about the amnesiac gene.
# Sopilja

Sopila (Serbian Cyrillic: Сопиља) is a village in the municipality of Nevesinje, Republika Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina.