OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Norseman's knock

Norseman's knock or Norrlandsknack is a classic Swedish card game for 3 to 5 players, known since the mid-1800s. It is traditionally played for money. The game is about winning as many tricks as possible and above all not being completely left without a trick.

## Background

A "distinctively Swedish member" of the rams family of games, Norrland is the northern part of Sweden and includes Lapland. In Finland, a similar game is known as ramina.
Norrlandsknack is also just called knack which, however, is a name also used for a similar card game.

## Rules

The following rules are based on spelregler.org augmented by Parlett.

### Cards

A 52-card standard pack, typically of the modern Swedish pattern, is used with cards ranking from Ace (high) to Two (low).

### Deal

Players are dealt five cards each and the next card is turned up to determine trumps. It belongs to the dealer who picks it up. The rest of the pack forms a talon. In the first deal, there is a bidding round, beginning with the player to the dealer's left, in which players in turn 'knock', i.e. knock or tap on the table, committing to take at least one trick, or 'lurk', i.e. play and hope to win one trick, but without penalty at this point. As soon as any player knocks, the bidding ends and players may now 'buy' i.e. exchange cards with the talon. Beginning with forehand, players discard any unwanted cards face down to one side and replenish their hands from the talon. The dealer, who took the trump upcard, discards first and then picks up one card fewer.
In subsequent deals, players may knock or pass, i.e. drop out of the current deal, but may not lurk.

### Play

Forehand (to the left of the dealer) leads to the first trick. Players must follow suit if able; otherwise may trump or discard. The highest trump wins the trick or, if none are played, the highest card of the led suit. The trick winner leads to the next trick.

### Scoring

Players start with a score of 10 points. For each trick taken, 1 point is deducted from the total score. Anyone who has played and not taken a trick is punished (with the exception of the first round) by getting a 'loaf', which means the player gets 5 extra penalty points. The winner of the game is the first to get down to 0 points.
In some rules, a player who fails to take a trick gets 5 penalty points if currently on 5 or below, otherwise the score reverts to 10 points. Also that when any player reaches 1 point, the rules of play change such that trumps must be played whenever possible.
If played for money, the participants place a stake in the pot at the start of the game, and in addition, a stake is paid for each loaf. The pot is taken home by the winner of the game.
# Jane Lee Fox

Jane Lee Fox is a physicist known for her research on the atmosphere of planets including Mars and Venus. She has many published works at her current institution, Wright State University.

## Education and career

Jane Fox attended Bloomfield Hills Lahser High School from 1967-1970.
Fox has a B.S. in chemistry from the University of Michigan (1973) and earned her Ph.D. in chemical physics from Harvard University in 1978. She was on the faculty at Stony Brook University from 1984 to 2003. Fox joined Wright State University in 2002 as a research professor at Wright State University in the Boonshoft School of Medicine.

## Research

Fox is known for her research modeling the atmosphere on Mars, including details on nitrogen found in the Martian atmosphere. She has also worked on the atmosphere around Venus and examined hydrocarbons in atmosphere of Titan, one of the moon's of Saturn. Fox was a member of the science team for the Mars Atmosphere and Volatile Evolution (MAVEN) project where she studied long-term changes in Mars' atmosphere.
Since 1977, Fox has published 92 articles and 85 presentations in her field.

### Selected publications

* Fox, J. L.; Dalgarno, A. (1979). "Ionization, luminosity, and heating of the upper atmosphere of Mars". Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics. 84 (A12): 7315–7333. Bibcode:1979JGR....84.7315F. doi:10.1029/JA084iA12p07315. ISSN 2156-2202. S2CID 56122235.
* Fox, J. L. (1993). "The production and escape of nitrogen atoms on Mars". Journal of Geophysical Research: Planets. 98 (E2): 3297–3310. Bibcode:1993JGR....98.3297F. doi:10.1029/92JE02289. ISSN 2156-2202.
* Fox, J. L.; Sung, K. Y. (2001). "Solar activity variations of the Venus thermosphere/ionosphere". Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics. 106 (A10): 21305–21335. Bibcode:2001JGR...10621305F. doi:10.1029/2001JA000069. ISSN 2156-2202.

## Awards and honors

* Fellow, American Geophysical Union (2005)
# Myron Avery

Myron Haliburton Avery (November 3, 1899–July 26, 1952) was an American lawyer, hiker and explorer. Born in Lubec, Maine, Avery was a protégé of Judge Arthur Perkins and a collaborator and sometimes rival of Benton MacKaye. He was president of the Potomac Appalachian Trail Club from 1927 to 1941 and chairman of the Appalachian Trail Conference from 1931 to his death in 1952. The first 2000 Miler of the Appalachian Trail, he was also an alumnus of Bowdoin College and Harvard Law School.
Upon graduating from Harvard Law School, Avery practised admiralty law with the law firm "Arthur Perkins", in Hartford, Maine. He was a Naval veteran, having served in both World War I and World War II, receiving the Legion of Merit during his service.
According to Philip D'Anieri, Avery got the Appalachian Trail built "with a focus and commitment that were almost inexplicably intense. Avery was driven to arrange things as he was certain they should be, not out of ego or hubris, it seems, but from an almost desperate need to do things the right way, which happened to be his way, and why on earth couldn't others see that when it was obvious?....The building of the Appalachian Trail, for Myron Avery, seemed to achieve no broader purpose than the fact of its own completion: two ends connected; a trail blazed, cleared, and improved, shelters built; measurements made; and all of the associated date published in an appropriate format."
After World War II, his health deteriorated—perhaps because of his "pathological intensity"—and he was hospitalized multiple times. He died suddenly on July 26, 1952 at the age of 52.

## Legacy

After his death, a mountaintop on the Appalachian Trail in Maine was renamed "Avery Peak" in his honor. The "east peak" of Bigelow Mountain is given as 4088 ft and identified as Myron H Avery Peak on the 1956 Stratton, Maine 15 minute Quadrangle issued by the USGS in Washington D.C. A lean-to was built below the peak's summit and named for him in 1953, but is now no longer standing.
On June 17, 2011, he was inducted into the Appalachian Trail Hall of Fame at the Appalachian Trail Museum as a charter member.

## Quotations

"To those who would see the Maine wilderness, tramp day by day through a succession of ever delightful forest, past lake and stream, and over mountains, we would say: Follow the Appalachian Trail across Maine. It cannot be followed on horse or awheel. Remote for detachment, narrow for chosen company, winding for leisure, lonely for contemplation, it beckons not merely north and south but upward to the body, mind and soul of man." - Myron Avery, In the Maine Woods, 1934

## Sources

* Anderson, Larry. 2002. Benton MacKaye: Conservationist, Planner, and Creator of the Appalachian Trail. Johns Hopkins University Press. ISBN 0-8018-7791-1.
* Luxenberg, Larry. 1995. Walking the Appalachian Trail. Stackpole Books. ISBN 0-8117-3095-6.
# Hawaiʻi Uncharted Research Collective

The Hawaiʻi Uncharted Research Collective (HURC) is a nonprofit marine ecology organization focused on whale shark research around the Hawaiian Islands. Director Maria Harvey, Chief Technical Scientist Travis Marcoux, and Chief Research Scientist Stacia Goecke have been working to "help increase knowledge of and awareness about whale sharks and produce scientific evidence that can inform conservation efforts".
HURC partners with other conservation and research organizations to collect and analyze whale shark data. One such organization is Whale Shark Mexico, founded by Dení Ramírez Macías, who was also instrumental in encouraging the formation of HURC.
# Hechuan, Jiangxi

Hechuan (Chinese: 禾川; pinyin: Héchuān) is a town under the administration of Yongxin County, Jiangxi, China. As of 2020, it has ten residential neighborhoods and 21 villages under its administration:

## Neighborhoods

* Fanrong Community (繁荣社区)
* Xianggan Community (湘赣社区)
* Xuebei Community (学背社区)
* Beimen Community (北门社区)
* Ximen Community (西门社区)
* Xiushui Community (秀水社区)
* Chengbei Community (城北社区)
* Hedong Community (河东社区)
* Erji (二机)
* Ganhua (赣化)

## Villages

* Xiguang Village (西光村)
* Beimen Village (北门村)
* Xuebei Village (学背村)
* Ximen Village (西门村)
* Xiushui Village (秀水村)
* Xisheng Village (西胜村)
* Paotian Village (袍田村)
* Faguan Village (发官村)
* Quanshan Village (泉山村)
* Sanyueping Village (三月坪村)
* Dongli Village (东里村)
* Hengjiang Village (横江村)
* Biantian Village (汴田村)
* Yangjia Village (阳家村)
* Nanche Village (南车村)
* Futou Village (富头村)
* Zhangshi Village (樟石村)
* Miaoshan Village (庙山村)
* Lutang Village (芦塘村)
* Xiaduan Village (下段村)
* Jingquan Village (井泉村)
# Mount Soffeh

Mount Soffeh or Kuh-e Soffeh is a mountain that is situated just south of the city of Isfahan, southeast of Mount Donbeh and south of the Zayanderud River in Iran.

## Etymology

The term "soffeh" in Persian is derived from an Arabic word "soffa" that means "stone bench" or "sofa" or "raised platform". But there are different opinions about the origin of the name of this mountain. There is this belief that the name of this mountain comes from the name of a mystic called "Mir Ali-ye Soffeh" who lived and prayed in this mountain in the second half of the seventeenth century during the reign of the Safavid king Shah Suleiman I of Persia. This is related to the belief that the mountain was used as a refuge by Sufis or Muslim mystics. It is also believed that the word "soffeh" is somehow related to the word "safa" (meaning "purity", "pleasantness" and "enjoyment") or pleasure that is obtained and felt by visiting this mountain. There is also this opinion that "soffeh" is somehow related to the Persian word "spah" or "sepah" (meaning "army") and therefore it is related to the word "spahan" or "sepahan" (meaning a place for the army), which is the etymological origin for the name of Isfahan. And of course, there is this idea that the reason for the name "soffeh" is the existence of a flat raised platform at the foot of the mountain.

## Geology

Mount Soffeh is mainly made of Lower Cretaceous limestone. Only a very small narrow section of the lowest part of the mountain is formed chiefly of Jurassic shale. Mount Soffeh is located in the Sanandaj-Sirjan geological and structural zone, a geologic zone that is in the east and parallel to the Zagros geological and structural zone.

## Geography

With an elevation of 2257 metres, Mount Soffeh is the nearest mountain which is situated just south of the city of Isfahan. The mountain was a few kilometres far from Isfahan, but with the expansion of the city, now it is just located at the southern part of the city. This mountain is about 590 metres high from the ground level. There are some small water springs in Mount Soffeh. On the eastern side of Mount Soffeh there are a series of hills. Isfahan to Shiraz road passes through these hills. There are remnants of a few ruined buildings which might have been used as some sorts of castles and fire temples in the distant past (see Shahdiz). Mount Soffeh and its surrounding hills have been converted to a beautiful park which covers at least 100 hectares. A wonderful panoramic view of the metropolitan city of Isfahan can be seen from the mountain especially at night. The mountain is the closest slope for some citizens of Isfahan who practice mountain climbing. There is a small zoo with a few wild animals and birds at the foot of the mountain. There are also restaurants, a gondola lift cable cars and other recreational facilities.
# Heilig-Geist-Spital

The Heilig-Geist-Spital (English: Holy Spirit Hospital) in Nuremberg was the largest hospital in the former Free Imperial City of Nuremberg. It was used as a hospital and nursing home.
Its chapel was also the depository of the Imperial Regalia, the crown jewels of the Holy Roman Empire, between 1424 and 1796. The regalia, among them the Holy Lance, were shown to believers once a year in a so-called Heiltumsweisung (worship show) on the fourteenth day after Good Friday. For coronations they were brought to Frankfurt Cathedral.
The hospital was partly built over the Pegnitz river. It now serves as a restaurant and senior home.

## History

The Heilig-Geist-Spital was built in 1339 by Konrad Gross to care for ill, elderly and poor people.
# Fliegende Blätter

The Fliegende Blätter ("Flying Leaves"; also translated as "Flying Pages" or "Loose Sheets") was a German weekly humor and satire magazine appearing between 1845 and 1944 in Munich. Many of the illustrations were by well-known artists such as Wilhelm Busch, Count Franz Pocci, Hermann Vogel, Carl Spitzweg, Julius Klinger, Edmund Harburger, Adolf Oberländer and others. It was published by Verlag Braun & Schneider [de], a company belonging to the wood engraver Kaspar Braun and illustrator Friedrich Schneider. Aimed at the German bourgeoisie, it reached a maximum circulation of c.95,000 copies by 1895. It merged in 1928 with a competitor, the Meggendorfer-Blätter and was published until 1944 as Fliegende Blätter und Meggendorfer-Blätter by the Schreiber-Verlag [de] in Esslingen am Neckar.

## Sample illustrations

* The first known instance of the rabbit–duck illusion, anonymous illustration from the 23 October 1892 issue
* Mahler conducting by Hans Schließmann [de], 1901
* Illustration by Hermann Stockmann [de], 1903
* Illustration by Alexander Otrey (1877–1939), 1903
# Hamlet, North Dakota

Hamlet is an unincorporated community northwest of McGregor, Williams County, North Dakota, United States. Today there are only a handful of residents, some grain elevators, and the remains of the public school.
48°37′43″N 103°03′06″W﻿ / ﻿48.62861°N 103.05167°W﻿ / 48.62861; -103.05167
* This North Dakota location article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
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* t
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# Großer Garten

The Großer Garten (English: Great Garden) is a Baroque style park in central Dresden. It is rectangular in shape and covers about 1.8 km$^2$. Originally established in 1676 on the orders of John George III, Elector of Saxony, it has been a public garden since 1814. Pathways and avenues are arranged symmetrically throughout the park. The Sommerpalais, a small Lustschloss is at the center of the park.
Originally established outside the old walls of the city, the park was surrounded by urban areas by the second half of the 19th century. Dresden Zoo and Dresden Botanical Garden were added late in the 19th century. A miniature railway, known as the Parkeisenbahn, operates in the park from April to October.
Volkswagen's Transparent Factory is the newest building in the park, completed in 2002. It is on Straßburger Platz, in the northwest corner of the park.
* Park seen from the south-western corner
* Park railway
* Sommerpalais
* Aerial view
* Main avenue through the park
# Jan Kalvoda

Jan Kalvoda (born 30 October 1953) is a Czech lawyer and politician. He led the Civic Democratic Alliance and served as deputy prime minister and justice minister in the 1990s.

## Early life

Kalvoda was born in 1953.

## Career

Kalvoda is a lawyer by training. He was the chairman of the Civic Democratic Alliance (ODA) from 1992 to 1997. He resigned from office 17 December 1996, and Michael Žantovský became the ODA leader.
He served as deputy prime minister in the cabinet led by Prime Minister Václav Klaus from 2 July 1992 to 7 January 1997. He was in charge of the civil service and legislation. He was also justice minister in the cabinet from 1992 to 1996. He resigned from all of his posts in addition to his seat at the parliament on 16 December 1996. The reason for his resignation was that he lied about holding a PhD in law. Kalvoda admitted it.
# Myton (mythology)

In Greek mythology, Myton (Ancient Greek: Μύτωνος Mýtonos) was the son of Poseidon and Mytilene, daughter of King Macareus of Lesbos or of Pelops, king of Pisa in Elis. He was also considered as the eponym of the city Mytilene.

## Note

* ↑ Stephanus of Byzantium, s.v. Mytilēnē (Μυτιλήνη)
# French ship Lansquenet

At least two ships of the French Navy have been named Lansquenet:
* French destroyer Lansquenet (1909), a Spahi-class destroyer launched in 1909 and struck in 1928
* French destroyer Lansquenet (1939), a Le Hardi-class destroyer launched in 1939 and scuttled in 1942
# Freudenstadt (district)

Freudenstadt is a Landkreis (district) in the middle of Baden-Württemberg, Germany. Neighboring districts are (from north clockwise) Rastatt, Calw, Tübingen, Zollernalbkreis, Rottweil and the Ortenaukreis.

## History

The district was created in 1938 as the successor of the Oberamt Freudenstadt which dated back to 1806. In 1973 it was merged with the majority of the neighboring district of Horb, and some small parts of the districts of Wolfach and Hechingen.

## Geography

The district is located in the middle part of the Black Forest mountains. The river Neckar flows through the southeast of the district.

## Coat of arms

* The coat of arms displays a capercaillie, which once was quite common in the area. The colors yellow and black are chosen as they are the colors of Württemberg.

## Towns and municipalities

| Cities | Towns |
| Alpirsbach Dornstetten Freudenstadt Horb am Neckar | Bad Rippoldsau-Schapbach Baiersbronn Empfingen Eutingen im Gäu Glatten Grömbach Loßburg Pfalzgrafenweiler Schopfloch Seewald Waldachtal Wörnersberg |
| Administrative districts | Bad Rippoldsau-Schapbach Baiersbronn Empfingen Eutingen im Gäu Glatten Grömbach Loßburg Pfalzgrafenweiler Schopfloch Seewald Waldachtal Wörnersberg |
| Dornstetten Freudenstadt Horb Loßburg Pfalzgrafenweiler | Bad Rippoldsau-Schapbach Baiersbronn Empfingen Eutingen im Gäu Glatten Grömbach Loßburg Pfalzgrafenweiler Schopfloch Seewald Waldachtal Wörnersberg |
# List of mobile phones with FWVGA display

FWVGA is an abbreviation for Full Wide Video Graphics Array which refers to a display resolution of 854x480 pixels. 854x480 is approximately the 16:9 aspect ratio of anamorphically "un-squeezed" NTSC DVD widescreen video and considered a "safe" resolution that does not crop any of the image. It is called Full WVGA to distinguish it from other, narrower WVGA resolutions which require cropping 16:9 aspect ratio high-definition video (i.e. it is full width, albeit with considerable reduction in size). The 854 pixel width is rounded up from 853.333...3. 480 x 16⁄1 x 9 = 7680⁄9 = 8531⁄3. Since a pixel must be a whole number, rounding up to 854 ensures inclusion of the entire image.
The following is a list of smartphones which incorporate FWVGA displays.
* Cloudfone Geo 401q+
* Alcatel one touch idol MINI (OT-6012)
* Archos 43
* Cherry Mobile Me Pop
* Cherry Mobile Thunder 2.0
* Energizer U506S
* Gigabyte GSmart G1362
* Huawei M886 Mercury
* Huawei u8860
* Huawei Ascend Y550 LTE
* Huawei Y3 II
* Lenovo A526
* LG GD880 Mini
* Oppo A59
* Micromax A100
* Micromax A110
* Micromax A74 Canvas Fun
* Motorola Bravo
* Motorola Defy
* Motorola Droid | Sholes | Tao | A855 | Milestone A853
* Motorola Droid 2 | Milestone 2 (A953)
* Motorola Droid X
* Motorola Motoluxe XT685
* Motorola Razr D3 it appears some versions of this phone are FWVGA and some are WVGA.
* Multilaser MS50
* Nokia C1 (2020).
* Nokia Lumia 630
* Nokia N9
* Peace Mobile by Dr.Zakir Naik
* QMobile Noir i2 Power
* QMobile Noir A10
* QMobile Noir A500
* Sony Xperia M
* Sony Ericsson Xperia X10
* Sony Ericsson Xperia Arc
* Sony Ericsson Xperia Play
* Sony Ericsson Xperia Neo
* Sony Ericsson Xperia Pro
* Sony Ericsson Xperia ray
* Sony Ericsson Xperia neo V
* Sony Xperia U
* Sony Xperia Sola
* Sony Xperia Neo L
* Sony Xperia J
* Sony Xperia L
* Torque Droidz Wave
* Wiko Cink King
# List of rivers of the United Kingdom

For details of rivers of the United Kingdom, see
* List of rivers of England
* List of rivers of Scotland
* List of rivers of Wales
* Northern Ireland: see List of rivers of Ireland and Rivers of Ireland
* Longest rivers of the United Kingdom

## Overseas territories

* Rivers of the Falkland Islands
* List of rivers of Montserrat
# James Hawkins

James Hawkins may refer to:
* James Hawkins (bishop) (died 1807), Irish Anglican bishop
* James Hawkins (organist) (1662–1729), English organist and composer
* James Hawkins (United States Army officer), second lieutenant and field operations leader during the Vietnam War
* Jimmy Hawkins (born 1941), American actor and film producer
* Jim Hawkins (radio presenter) (born 1962), BBC radio presenter
* Jim Hawkins (character), a fictional character in Robert Louis Stevenson's novel Treasure Island
* Jim Hawkins (politician) (born 1949), American politician
* James Hawkins (artist) (born 1954), English painter and filmmaker
* James Boyd Hawkins (1813–1896), American planter and rancher
# Han Il-koo

Han Il-Koo (Korean: 한일구; born 18 February 1987) is a South Korean football goalkeeper who plays for FC Seoul in the K-League.

## Club career

Han was a supplementary selection from the K-League draft intake for FC Seoul for 2010, although he did not take to the field for the entire season. An injury to first choice keeper Kim Yong-Dae in early May, saw Han promoted to the senior starting lineup. His first match for his club was in the group phase of the 2011 AFC Champions League against United Arab Emirates club Al-Ain FC, in which he kept a clean sheet and ensuring qualification for FC Seoul to the knockout stages of the competition.
Four days later, Han marked his debut in the 2011 K-League by conceding three goals in his side's 4 - 3 dramatic win over Sangju Sangmu Phoenix. Kim Yong-Dae's return from injury in late May has seen Han relegated to the substitute bench.

## Club career statistics

    As of 4 December 2013
| Club performance | Club performance | Club performance | League | League | Cup | Cup | League Cup | League Cup | Continental | Continental | Total | Total |
| Season | Club | League | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals |
| South Korea | South Korea | South Korea | League | League | KFA Cup | KFA Cup | League Cup | League Cup | Asia | Asia | Total | Total |
| 2010 | FC Seoul | K-League | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | - | - | 0 | 0 |
| 2011 | FC Seoul | K-League | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 4 | 0 |
| 2012 | FC Seoul | K-League | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 2013 | FC Seoul | K-League Classic | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Career total | Career total | Career total | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 4 | 0 |
# Mark Dennis

Mark Dennis may refer to:
* Mark Dennis (director), American director, editor, producer and composer
* Mark Dennis (footballer), English former footballer
* Mark Dennis (American football), American football offensive tackle