OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Harley Brinsfield

Harley Brinsfield hosted The Harley Show, Music out of Baltimore on WBAL and later on WFBR from about 1952 to sometime in the 1970s. With his second wife, Arlene Levy Brinsfield, he opened Harley Submarine Sandwich Shops, which, largely due to the publicity generated by his show, became one of the first and largest local fast food franchises pre-dating both McDonald's and Subway by many years.
In their heyday Harley sandwich shops dotted the commercial landscape. Harley sold his first sandwich at a stand he operated at Lexington Market in the 1940s. His first sandwich shop was at McMechen Street and Linden Avenue. Others followed at 5041 Reisterstown Road, 2235 Edmondson Avenue, 1001 East 25th Street, 6416 Holabird Avenue, 2047 East Monument Street and 3203 Greenmount Avenue. The chain was open all night. Some customers are alleged to have become addicted to Harley's submarines.
Harley himself is said to have been one of Baltimore's great original characters. He was born deep on the Eastern Shore, just outside the crossroads of Eldorado, in Dorchester County. He was an old friend of the late Millard Tawes, governor of Maryland from 1959 to 1967, who named him to the State Roads Commission. Harley never drove a car. He regularly walked down St. Paul Street from his home in the Marylander Apartments with thousands of dollars rolled up in his baggy pockets. He loved to talk.
Harley said he developed his treasured sandwich recipes when he served in the Merchant Marine. His submarine may have its origins in a New Orleans po boy sandwich. But it was not by sandwiches alone that he became so well known along the East Coast. He bought time on local radio stations at night (beginning in 1948 on WITH, then WSID, WCBM, WBAL from 1958 to 1974 and back to WITH in 1974). His "Harley Show" was (unconsciously) some of the greatest local radio in Baltimore.
Harley was USN Retired when he met and married Arlene Levy of San Francisco, California. A family story is that she hocked her engagement and wedding rings for sufficient cash to open the first Harley's. She became the bookkeeper for the chain, which eventually expanded to 15-20 restaurants throughout Maryland. Brinsfield also served as a commissioner of the Maryland State Roads Commission in the 1960s, representing the City of Baltimore.

## Radio show

Harley purchased two hours in a block and had complete charge of the show. The show lead in with the theme Things Ain't What They Used To Be(played by a Duke Ellington small band with Johnny Hodges on the tenor sax) and closed with Sailing Down the Chesapeake Bay (Played by Bob Scobey's Frisco Band). He would showcase a particular performer and trace that performer's development throughout his show. At various times, Harley used the Tishomingo Blues going to commercials or breaks.
Top jazz musicians when they played around Washington D.C. or Baltimore would show up on his show and the performer and Harley would reminisce about old times.

## Legacy

Harley has the strange legacy of being perhaps the most obscure person in the history of jazz, while at the same time remembered and missed by more people than any other.
# Elizabeth Lennox

Elizabeth Lennox (March 16, 1894 – May 3, 1992), also known as Louise Terrell, was an American contralto singer. She made over 150 musical recordings in the 1920s, on the Brunswick, Edison, Victor, and Columbia labels.

## Early life

Elizabeth Lennox was born in Ionia, Michigan the daughter of Lambert E. Lennox and Hester Anna Tyrell Lennox. Her parents were from Canada. Her father was a Methodist clergyman, and her older sister Olive Lennox was a pianist who sometimes accompanied her. She graduated from the Cosmopolitan School of Music in Chicago. Her father's work meant that she lived in various towns as a child; she counted Benton Harbor, Michigan as one of her hometowns.

## Career

Lennox began her professional singing career as a church soloist in Chicago, and in New York. She sang mainly in concert and oratorio programs, and made over 150 recordings in the 1920s, on the Brunswick, Edison, Victor, and Columbia labels. Some of her recordings were made under the name "Louise Terrell" (using a variation on her mother's maiden name). She explained that making recordings helped her hear her own voice and find where improvements were needed. "People may try to flatter you by saying you are singing perfectly," she said, "but the record certainly shows up every little imperfection in a wonderful way."
Lennox also taught voice in Michigan, as a young woman. She and accompanist Ann Straton Miller made a national concert tour during the 1921–1922 season. In the 1930s she often performed on radio programs, including on the American Album of Popular Music, and in a regular weekly slot on CBS Radio's "Broadway Varieties" show.
After she retired from professional performance in the 1940s, she was program committee chair of the South Shore Music Club, a women's club in Connecticut, and was executive vice-president of the Connecticut Symphony Orchestra.

## Personal life

Lennox was tall, "distinctly the type for whom tailored clothes were made," according to a 1937 profile. She married George Percival Hughes, an advertising executive, in 1922. Their son David Gratton Hughes was born in 1926. Her husband died in 1967, and she died in 1992, aged 98 years, in Fairfield, Connecticut. Her son became a musicologist on the faculty at Harvard University. Her granddaughter Catherine E. C. Hughes was a television news reporter and an Emmy-nominated filmmaker.
# Merophyas

Merophyas is a genus of moths belonging to the subfamily Tortricinae of the family Tortricidae. In December 2015 it was sunk as a synonym of Clepsis Guenée, 1845.

## Species

* Merophyas calculata (Meyrick, 1910)
* Merophyas divulsana (Walker, 1863)
* Merophyas immersana (Walker, 1863)
* Merophyas leucaniana (Walker, 1863)
* Merophyas paraloxa (Meyrick, 1907)
* Merophyas petrochroa (Lower, 1908)
* Merophyas scandalota (Meyrick, 1910)
* Merophyas siniodes (Turner, 1945)
* Merophyas tenuifascia (Turner, 1927)
* Merophyas therina (Meyrick, 1910)
# Hold On It Hurts

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
| The New Rolling Stone Album Guide | |
Hold On It Hurts is the 1994 debut album by Cornershop. It failed to reach commercial success, but went some way in helping the band find its niche in the following years.

## Track listing

All lyrics written by Tjinder Singh; all music composed by Cornershop, except where noted.
* "Jason Donovan/Tessa Sanderson" – 2:31
* "Kalluri's Radio" – 4:20
* "Readers Wives" – 3:40
* "Change" – 1:57
* "Inside Rani" – 3:22
* "Born Disco; Died Heavy Metal" – 3:40
* "Counteraction" – 2:42
* "Where D'U Get Your Information" – 3:16
* "Tera Mera Pyar" – 2:04
* "You Always Said My Language Would Get Me into Trouble" – 7:07
US bonus tracks (Lock Stock & Double~Barrel EP)
* "England's Dreaming" – 3:36
* "Trip Easy" – 2:59
* "Summer Fun in a Beat Up Datsun" (Lyrics by Ben Ayres, music by Cornershop) – 1:31
* "Breaking Every Rule Language English" – 3:17

## Personnel

Cornershop
* Tjinder Singh – vocals, bass
* Avtar Singh – guitar
* Ben Ayres – guitar, vocals
* Wallis Healey – guitar
* Anthony "Saffs" Saffery – sitar, keyboards
* David Chambers – drums
Other musicians
* Emma Davies – keyboards
* Alastair Dickins – clarinet
* Raj Patel – dholki
* Dale Shaw – vocals
Technical
* John Wills – production (tracks 1., 2., 4., 6., 8.)
* Tjinder Singh – production (tracks 3., 5., 7., 9., 10.)
* John Robb – co-production (tracks 1., 2., 4. – 6., 8.), production (Lock Stock & Double~Barrel EP)
* Richard Whelan – engineering
* Andy Green – engineering
* Kevin Reverb – engineering
* Rob – engineering
* Charlie – engineering
* Rex – engineering (Lock Stock & Double~Barrel EP)
* Mike Marsh – mastering
* Malcolm Maybury – front cover photo
* Lloyd Thomas – inner sleeve art
# Heringia coxalis

Heringia coxalis (Curran 1921), the white-faced spikeleg, is a common species of syrphid fly observed across North America, concentrated in the East. Hoverflies can remain nearly motionless in flight. The adults are also known as flower flies for they are commonly found on flowers, from which they get both energy-giving nectar and protein-rich pollen. Larvae are predators of the Balsam woolly adelgid (Adelges piceae).
# EMPGI

Education Media and Publishing Group International, more commonly known as EMPGI, is an education company with operations in China, India, Saudi Arabia, and Libya. EMPGI pays licensing fees to Houghton Mifflin Harcourt for exclusive overseas non-English reproduction rights to the library of content, which it then redesigns to meet local requirements in its target markets.

## History

EMPGI was incorporated in May 2008 as joint venture between heavily indebted EMPG, the holding company that controls Houghton Mifflin Harcourt. and Istithmar World, a private equity vehicle of Dubai World, which is owned by the government of Dubai.
# Gäddvik, Luleå

Gäddvik is a rural village on both sides of the Lule River right west of Bergnäset in the Nederludeå socken in Luleå Municipality, Sweden. The sides of the village are called Södra Gäddvik and Norra Gäddvik. A part of Södra Gäddvik is classified as an area simply called Gäddvik. 53 of the 114 inhabitants of the village (2010) live there. Norra Gäddvik has 61 inhabitants (2010).

## History

There has been a national road along Norrlandskusten through Gäddvik since the Middle Ages. A bridge called Gamla Gäddviksbron was built in 1941. In 1978 the traffic on the European route E4 was moved to Nya Gäddviksbron.

## Society

There is a Swedish Evangelical Mission garden "Sundet" with camping facilities in summer time in Gäddvik.
65°34′45″N 22°02′25″E﻿ / ﻿65.57917°N 22.04028°E﻿ / 65.57917; 22.04028
* This article about a location in Norrbotten County, Sweden is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
# Incudomalleolar joint

The incudomalleolar joint (more correctly called incudomallear joint) or articulatio incudomallearis is a small synovial joint between the malleus (hammer) and the incus (anvil). The joint's function is to transfer vibrations between the ossicles in the middle ear, which is perceived as sound. Contrary to other synovial joints the movement is very limited. All of the ossicles move more or less as a unit, at least at low frequencies.
When the eardrum is moved inward due to sound vibrations, transferred through the outer ear, it transmits to the handle or manubrium of the malleus which is connected to the ear drum. The head of the malleus (caput mallei) moves with it and transfers energy/movement to the corpus of the incus (corpus incudis), which is located directly behind. The sound vibrations are then transferred to the stapes (stirrup) through the incudostapedial joint.
# Ernest Alexander (disambiguation)

Ernest Alexander (1870–1934) was a VC recipient.
Ernest or Ernie Alexander may also refer to:
* Ernest Alexander (politician) (1872–1946), English politician
* Ernie Alexander, creator of National Bicycle Association
# Duman, Karaçoban

Duman is a neighbourhood in the municipality and district of Karaçoban, Erzurum Province in Turkey. Its population is 789 (2022).
# Hoogheemraadschap van Delfland

The Hoogheemraadschap van Delfland is a Dutch waterboard, which is responsible for water management. It covers the municipalities of Delft, Midden-Delfland and The Hague, and is fully located in the province of South Holland. The organization was established in 1289 when William I, Duke of Bavaria (As William V, Count of Holland) authorized the "Heemraden of Delft" to manage water and serve as a court.

## Tasks

The Hoogheemraadschap is tasked with water quality and water quantity issues in its region. Its main activities are
* Maintaining safe dykes and dunes. Management is based on both sea and river based flood control.
* Operation of several wastewater treatment plants of which the one in Harnaschpolder is the largest.

## Organization

The organization is led by a general board called "verenigde vergadering", consisting of 30 representatives which are representatives of the inhabitants (21 by direct elections), industry (4), owners of open land (mainly farmers) (4) and owners of nature (1). The present constitution is:
| Category | Party | Seats |
| Industry | | 4 |
| Open land | | 4 |
| Nature | | 1 |
| Inhabitants | CDA | 3 |
| Inhabitants | Partij van de Arbeid | 3 |
| Inhabitants | VVD | 3 |
| Inhabitants | Water Natuurlijk | 3 |
| Inhabitants | Algemene Waterschapspartij | 2 |
| Inhabitants | Christenunie SGP | 1 |
| Inhabitants | 55+ | 1 |
| Inhabitants | Integer Liberaal | 3 |
| Inhabitants | Partij voor de Dieren | 2 |
The inhabitants parties of VVD, AWP, CDA and Water Natuurlijk together with the representatives of Land and Industry together form the governing coalition. The 5 Hoogheemraden that form with the Dijkgraaf the Dagelijks Bestuur (Executive Council) thus stem from those 5 groups. The civil organization employs 550 people and has a turn over of 260 million euro.

## Gemeenlandshuis

The gemeenlandshuis at the Oude Delft in Delft houses the main office of the Delfland Water Board. The building is a rijksmonument and was built in 1505. The Late-Gothic building, situated on the Oude Delft 167, was built in 1505. The first owner was Jan de Huyter, bailiff of Delft and steward of Delfland. Later occupants were Philips, Count of Hohenlohe who was married to Maria of Nassau, a daughter of Willem of Orange. The Delfland Water Board has been established here since 1645.
The building contains a large collection of old maps of Delfland. A large number of Coats of Arms cover the sandstone façade . Fortunately the façade was spared during the fire of 1536 which burned through the city of Delft. The main entrance to the Delfland Water Board is now situated on the Phoenixstraat where more recently buildings been added on.
# Horw railway station

Horw railway station is a Swiss railway station in the municipality of Horw in the canton of Lucerne. It is on the Brünig line of the Zentralbahn railway company, which links Lucerne and Interlaken, and is also used by trains of the Luzern–Stans–Engelberg line.

## Services

As of the December 2021 timetable change, the following services stop at Horw:
* Lucerne S-Bahn S4 / S5: service every fifteen minutes between Lucerne and Hergiswil; from Hergiswil every half-hour to Giswil or Stans and every hour to Wolfenschiessen or Dallenwil. The S41 provides additional weekday rush-hour service to Lucerne.
* old station building, ca. 1980
# Dupaty

Dupaty is a French surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Charles Dupaty (1771–1825), French sculptor
* Emmanuel Dupaty (1775–1851), French playwright, naval officer, singer, and journalist
# Hope Block and Cheapside

Hope Block and Cheapside are two historic commercial buildings located at 22-26 and 40 North Main Street in the College Hill neighborhood of Providence, Rhode Island. The Hope Block (22-26 North Main) was built in 1869 in the Second Empire style. It was probably designed by Clifton A. Hall, who designed a nearly identical building (the Curry and Richards Building) the year before. The Cheapside Block (40 North Main) was built in 1880 and designed by architects Stone & Carpenter. They are the only two buildings to survive from the 1860s-70s development of the "Cheapside" area of Providence, north of the site of its colonial marketplace.
Both buildings were added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1975, and were restored during the 1980s as part of the Rhode Island School of Design. The RISD Store is located in the Hope Block, while the RISD Design Center occupies the Cheapside Block.
# Dwarf rocket frog

The dwarf rocket frog (Litoria dorsalis) is a species of frog in the subfamily Pelodryadinae.
It is found in New Guinea and its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical dry forests, subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests, moist savanna, intermittent freshwater marshes, rural gardens, and heavily degraded former forests.
# Dragondola

The Dragondola (ドラゴンドラ, Doragondora), officially the Naeba-Tashiro Gondola (苗場・田代ゴンドラ, Naeba-Tashiro Gondora) is the Japanese aerial lift line in Naeba, Yuzawa, Niigata, operated by Prince Hotels. It opened in 2001. The line was named by Yumi Matsutōya, a popular pop singer. The line links two ski resorts of Prince Hotels, but the line operates in summer and autumn as well. Its official website states it is the longest gondola lift line in the world.

## Basic data

* Distance: 5.5 kilometres (3.4 mi)
* Vertical interval: 426 m (1,398 ft)
* Operational speed: 6 m/s
* System: Gondola lift
* Cabins: 107
* Passenger capacity per a cabin: 8
* Time required for single ride: 15 minutes
# Hoor

Hoor may refer to:
* alternative spelling of Houri, women of paradise in Islamic societies
* Hoor, Iran, village in Iran
* Höör, locality in Sweden
# Drosera rosulata

Drosera rosulata is a perennial tuberous species in the genus Drosera that is endemic to southwest Western Australia. It grows in a rosette about 7 cm in diameter. It grows in sandy or clay soils on the margins of swamps. Its white flowers emerge in April to June. D. rosulata was first formally described by Johann Georg Christian Lehmann in 1844.
# Dustin Skinner

Dustin William Skinner (born April 20, 1985) is an American former stock car racing driver. He has competed in one NASCAR Craftsman Truck Series race, in 2008 at Martinsville Speedway. He is the son of Mike Skinner.

## Racing career

Skinner started his racing career in 1998, driving go-karts. He later moved on to Fast Trucks at various Florida racetracks, and ran Daytona International Speedway as a part of the IPOWER Dash series in 2004. He tested a NASCAR Craftsman Truck at New Smyrna Speedway in October 2007. In October 2008, Skinner made his only NASCAR Craftsman Truck Series start at Martinsville Speedway, starting 31st and finishing 34th after an early-race incident in turn three derailed his efforts. The start came with Germain Racing, an affiliate of Toyota Racing Development, whom Skinner had also worked with in late model racing. The start with Germain came after a driver development program with Key Motorsports did not come to fruition; in March 2008 the team announced that they were looking to field Skinner in up to six Truck races that year, dependent on sponsorship.
After his driving career finished, Skinner transitioned into a mechanic role, working in Florida to prepare racecars in that state. He also helps, along with brother Jamie Skinner, on father Mike Skinner's late model efforts.
In 2020, Skinner came under fire for racist comments made regarding Bubba Wallace, the only Black full-time Cup Series driver in NASCAR, after a noose was found in Wallace's garage stall at Talladega Superspeedway. Skinner stated, "Frankly I wish they would've tied [the noose] to [Wallace] and drug him around the pits because he has single handedly destroyed what I grew up watching and cared about for 30 years now." Skinner later backtracked his statement, saying, "I disagree with what [Wallace] is doing, but it was stupidly foolish for me to say what I said and I truly regret every bit of it. If there was a way to take last night back I would. All I can do is say I'm sorry."

## Motorsports career results
### NASCAR

(key) (Bold – Pole position awarded by qualifying time. Italics – Pole position earned by points standings or practice time. * – Most laps led.)

#### Craftsman Truck Series

NASCAR Craftsman Truck Series results :
| Year | Team | No. | Make | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | NCTC | Pts | Ref |
| 2008 | Germain Racing | 03 | Toyota | DAY | CAL | ATL | MAR | KAN | CLT | MFD | DOV | TEX | MCH | MLW | MEM | KEN | IRP | NSH | BRI | GTW | NHA | LVS | TAL | MAR 34 | ATL | TEX | PHO | HOM | 119th | N/A | |
# Leopold Biwald

Leopold Gottlieb Biwald (February 26, 1731 in Vienna – September 8, 1805 in Graz) was a professor at the University of Graz.
At the age of sixteen Biwald joined the Jesuits. He became teacher of rhetoric at a secondary school in Laibach and graduated as Dr. theol. in 1761. He became professor of logic and soon afterwards of physics at the University of Graz. In 1786-1787 and again 1798-1799 he was rector of the University of Graz.
His Latin physics textbooks included Physica Generalis (1760s, 460pp), dealing with mechanics including celestial mechanics, and Physica Particularis (1760s, 403pp), dealing with diverse topics including optics. Physica Particularis was also widely distributed throughout Austria-Hungary (in modified form) as Institutiones Physicae (1779, 349pp). He was a contemporary of Johann Baptiste Horvath, Andreas Jaszlinszky and Joseph Redlhamer.
His bust, made in 1807 by Johann Martin Fischer, is now displayed in the main reading room of the University Library of Graz.

## Works

* Theoria philosophiae naturalis, redacta ad unam legem virium in natura existentium auctore J. R. Boscovich S. J. ab ipso perpolita et aucta. Ex prima Editione Veneta com Catalogo operum ejus ad annum 1763. Graz 1765
* De objectivi Micrometri usu in Planetarum diametris metiendis. Exercitatio optico-astronomica habita in Coll. P. P. S. J. Rome 1765; Graz 1768.
* Physica generalis et particularis quam auditorium philosophiae usibus accomodavit Leopoldus Biwald etc. etc. Graz 1766; 2nd ed. 1769; 3rd ed. 1774. (At that time a very popular textbook of physics)
* Selectae ex amoenitatibus academicis Caroli Linnaei dissertationes ad universam naturalem historiam pertinentes, quas edidit et additamentis auxit L. B. e. S. J. Graz 1764
* Disseratatio de studii physici perpetuis mediis et cum scientiis reliquis nexu. 1767

## Literature

* Biographisches Lexikon des Kaiserthums Oesterreich Vol. I. 1856.
# Dura Pharmaceuticals, Inc. v. Broudo

Dura Pharmaceuticals, Inc. v. Broudo, 544 U.S. 336 (2005), is a securities fraud decision by the Supreme Court of the United States, holding that an inflated purchase price will not by itself constitute or proximately cause the relevant economic loss needed to allege and prove "loss causation."

## Background
### Facts

Respondents are individuals who bought stock in Dura Pharmaceuticals, on the public securities market between April 15, 1997, and February 24, 1998.

### Procedural history

The District Court dismissed the complaint. In respect to the plaintiffs' drug-profitability claim, it held that the complaint failed adequately to allege an appropriate state of mind, i.e., that defendants had acted knowingly, or the like. In respect to the plaintiffs' spray device claim, it held that the complaint failed adequately to allege "loss causation."
The Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit reversed. In the portion of the court's decision now before us—the portion that concerns the spray device claim—the Circuit held that the complaint adequately alleged "loss causation." The Circuit wrote that "plaintiffs establish loss causation if they have shown that the price on the date of purchase was inflated because of the misrepresentation." 339 F. 3d, at 938 (emphasis in original; internal quotation marks omitted). It added that "the injury occurs at the time of the transaction." Ibid. Since the complaint pleaded "that the price at the time of purchase was overstated," and it sufficiently identified the cause, its allegations were legally sufficient. Ibid.
Because the Ninth Circuit's views about loss causation differ from those of other Circuits that have considered this issue, we granted Dura's petition for certiorari.